TrainingDataPro/sat-questions-and-answers-for-llm

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210	world_history	When Spanish conquistadors entered South America in the 1500s, they were able to conquer the Inca with relative ease because of the Inca's weakness from	natural disasters	famine	disease	prior invasion	civil war	E
211	world_history	Which of these was true of both Sparta and Athens?	They were democratic governments.	They denied female participation in politics.	They made significant contributions to the arts.	They prohibited the use of gold and silver.	They required all men to serve in the military.	B
212	world_history	The overthrow of the Qing dynasty in China in 1912 was primarily the result of	severe governmental oppression	excessive taxation of imports	rising nationalistic sentiment	increased foreign pressure	widespread poverty and famine	C
213	world_history	In the 1500s, which Southeast Asian nation was a Spanish colony that helped facilitate trade with Mexico?	Burma	Indonesia	Siam	Vietnam	Philippines	E
214	world_history	The collapse of the Carolingian dynasty in the 800s quickly led to the	rise of European nation-states	introduction of the feudal system	beginning of the Renaissance	establishment of the Protestant church	onset of widespread industrialization	B
215	world_history	Lutheranism and Calvinism were LEAST similar in regard to views on the	degree of corruption in the Roman Catholic Church	importance of religion in everyday life	sale of indulgences	ability of individuals to affect their fate	importance of celibacy outside marriage	D
216	world_history	With which statement would an adherent to the philosophy of cynicism be MOST likely to agree?	All human beings are part of a common brotherhood.	Inner peace can be found by seeking pleasure and avoiding pain.	Individuals have an inherent responsibility to help others.	Life should be lived simply and without material attachments.	Conducting oneself virtuously is the key to living a good life.	D
217	world_history	The world peacekeeping organization known as the League of Nations and its successor, the United Nations, are MOST different in that the	League of Nations originated with many more nations	League of Nations excluded the nations it viewed as troublesome	United Nations formed a military division to enforce its policies	United Nations was founded to help bring an end to an active war	League of Nations included several separate administrative bodies	C
218	world_history	In 1521 Hernán Cortés led the Spanish conquest of which Mesoamerican culture?	Aztec	Inca	Olmec	Maya	Toltec	A
219	world_history	"Wild and blasphemous ideas of God are formed because man has wandered away from the unchangeable laws of science, and the right use of reason; and because something called revealed religion was invented." The above statement MOST reflects the ideology of which intellectual movement?	Humanism	Materialism	Deism	Utilitarianism	Idealism	C
220	world_history	The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere was primarily designed by Japan to	end Japanese reliance on Western support	limit the spread of communism in Asia	free Asian nations from imperial control	establish its own empire throughout Asia	secure an adequate supply of raw materials	E
221	world_history	The Greek philosopher who developed a teaching methodology based on systematic questioning was	Aristotle	Epicurus	Plato	Democritus	Socrates	E
222	world_history	While they controlled China, the Mongols were unsuccessful in their attempts to extend their empire into Southeast Asia primarily because	their incursions were met with heavy resistance	the terrain was too difficult to navigate	they lacked the manpower to overcome local forces	the regional climate was extremely inhospitable	they had insufficient resources for long campaigns	D
223	world_history	The written language of the Mycenaeans was based on that of the	Minoans	Phoenicians	Babylonians	Hittites	Assyrians	A
224	world_history	Which of these BEST describes the type of protectorate commonly found in imperial-controlled Africa?	A region directly controlled by a foreign power	A region considered an administrative subdivision of another country	A region allowed to maintain its government while under imperial control	A region controlled by a private business instead of a foreign government	A region over which another nation holds exclusive trade rights	C
225	world_history	Which of these does NOT accurately describe a similarity between the peoples of ancient Egypt and the Indus River valley?	They practiced polytheistic religion.	They drove out a foreign occupation force.	They developed a stratified social structure.	They made significant architectural advances.	They depended on agriculture for survival.	B
226	world_history	During their conquest of Mesoamerica, the Spaniards utilized the encomienda system, which allowed them to	compel the natives out of settlements and off the land	require the natives to pledge allegiance under penalty of death	pay the natives to fight on Spain's behalf	require the natives pay tribute and perform labor	encourage mass migration of the native peoples	D
227	world_history	Which of these was the most important point of agreement between Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points and the Treaty of Versailles?	Germany should relinquish control of its African colonies.	An international peacekeeping organization should be established.	Trade barriers between nations should be reduced.	Germany should be forced to accept full responsibility for the war.	Freedom of the seas should be guaranteed in both peace and wartime.	B
228	world_history	The separation of the Shia sect of Islam from the larger Sunni sect was primarily the result of disputes over the	treatment of women in Muslim society	differing interpretations of the Koran	Umayyad preoccupation with wealth acquisition	trade practices with nearby cultures	line of succession following the death of Muhammad	E
229	world_history	Which factor contributed the MOST to the rise of the Fascist Party under Benito Mussolini in Italy?	Increased sense of nationalism among Italians	Oppressive policies of the existing Italian government	Frustration with Italy's lack of territorial gains after World War I	Widespread opposition to Italian monarch Victor Emmanuel III	Concern over the fragile state of international relations in Europe	C
230	world_history	Which of these was NOT true of the Han dynasty?	It engaged in extensive trade with Europe.	It introduced the civil service examination.	It began early construction on the Great Wall.	It created roads and canals to improve transportation.	It funded bureaucracy and army through taxes.	C
231	world_history	What was the major goal of the Concert of Europe?	To redraw the boundaries of Europe after World War I	To restrict the spread of communism to Eastern Europe	To prevent future revolutions by maintaining the status quo	To establish new nation-states after the fall of the Roman Empire	To develop continental trade relationships and business partnerships	C
232	world_history	What inference can BEST be made from the information in the chart shown?	Slavic languages strongly influenced the development of the English language.	The Roman occupation of England significantly influenced the development of the English language.	The English language developed through a blend of Germanic, French, and Greek influences.	The classical languages strongly influenced the development of both English and French.	The English language primarily developed during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance.	B
233	world_history	Why did the government installed in South Vietnam in 1954 by France and the United States ultimately fail?	The government was corrupt and unpopular with the Vietnamese people.	The Vietnamese people preferred Ho Chi Minh's communist regime.	The Vietnamese people distrusted the government because of its French backing.	The government was unable to procure the resources necessary for independent existence.	The Vietnamese people were angered by the government's communist policies.	A
234	world_history	In which way were the ancient Chinese philosophies of Confucianism and legalism MOST similar?	They divided educational standards by class.	They emphasized the importance of strong government.	They promoted respect and reverence of elders.	They emphasized life in harmony with the natural world.	They discouraged most independence of thought.	B
235	world_history	The concept of humanism was a key characteristic of the	Enlightenment	Protestant Reformation	Renaissance	Scientific Revolution	Impressionism movement	C
236	world_history	The Petition of Right, which was drafted in 1628, attempted to restrict Charles I from doing any of the following EXCEPT	requiring citizens to quarter soldiers in their homes	declaring martial law during peacetime	enacting taxes without parliamentary approval	suspending a law passed by Parliament	imprisoning people without regard to due cause	D
237	world_history	The concept of a state ruled by philosophers and built on a structure of class divisions determined by intelligence was most strongly supported by	Aristotle	Euclid	Plato	Pythagoras	Socrates	C
238	world_history	Which of the following is the most important aspect of the samurai code of conduct, known as the bushido?	Loyalty to the feudal lord	Preservation of personal honor	Protection of the emperor	Defense of territory	Acceptance of death	A
239	world_history	"It has been thought a considerable advance towards establishing the principles of Freedom to say that Government is a compact between those who govern and those who are governed; but this cannot be true, because it is putting the effect before the cause; for as man must have existed before governments existed, there necessarily was a time when governments did not exist, and consequently there could originally exist no governors to form such a compact with. The fact, therefore, must be that the individuals, themselves, each, in his own personal and sovereign right, entered into a compact with each other to produce a government: and this is the only mode in which governments have a right to arise, and the only principle on which they have a right to exist." The text above was part of a pamphlet written in support of which of the following?	Russian Revolution	Velvet Revolution	Haitian Revolution	Glorious Revolution	French Revolution	E
240	world_history	Chinese trade during the Song dynasty was most strongly influenced by the	restoration of centralized governance	invention of the magnetic compass	enactment of the Confucian civil service system	building of the Grand Canal	diffusion of Buddhism across China	B
241	world_history	The political theories of communism and fascism share all of the following tenets EXCEPT	adherence to single-party rule	loyalty to the state	opposition to social democracy	dissolution of social classes	support of dictatorial leadership	D
242	world_history	Which of the following is the most direct cause of World War I?	Invasion of Poland	Formation of the Triple Alliance	Annexation of Bosnia	Onset of the Russian Revolution	Assassination of Franz Ferdinand	E
243	world_history	Which of the following was made clearer to modern scholars after the discovery of the Rosetta stone in 1798?	Laws of ancient Mesopotamia	Origins of Hinduism	Written language of ancient Egyptians	Trading practices of Sumerian society	Agricultural methods of ancient China	C
245	world_history	"We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end. We shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be. We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender." The quotation above referenced the hard fighting in which of the following wars?	World War I	World War II	Korean War	First Balkan War	Six-Day War	B
246	world_history	All of the following are true about the people of ancient Mali EXCEPT	they built their wealth through gold and trade	they established Timbuktu as a major city	they were sometimes ruled by Muslim leaders	they organized villages on the basis of kinship	they relied on a strong governmental system	D
247	world_history	The creation story contained in the Popol Vuh was written by the	Aztec	Inca	Maya	Olmec	Toltec	C
248	world_history	British imperialism in India resulted in all of the following EXCEPT	enactment of restrictive trading policies	increased productivity in native industries	improved medical care and sanitation	increased exportation of raw materials	expansion of the transportation system	B
249	world_history	The Mongolian occupation of China, which occurred during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, improved China's economic stability by	decreasing taxes on imported goods	leading to an extension of the Grand Canal	decentralizing the Chinese government	encouraging Chinese industrialization	making travel on trading routes safer	E
250	world_history	Which factor played an important role in the escalations of both the French and Russian revolutions?	Rise of industrialization	Oppressive monarchical rule	Previously failed uprisings	Influence of communism	Demand for women's rights	B
251	world_history	Which of the following answers lists the wars in the correct chronological order?	Thirty Years' War, Crimean War, Boer War, Hundred Years' War	Crimean War, Hundred Years' War, Boer War, Thirty Years' War	Hundred Years' War, Thirty Years' War, Crimean War, Boer War	Boer War, Crimean War, Hundred Years' War, Thirty Years' War	Hundred Years' War, Boer War, Thirty Years' War, Crimean War	C
253	world_history	Which of the following would a believer in legalism LEAST LIKELY support?	Strong family values	Loyalty to rulers	Equal access to education	Submission to state policy	Censorship of media	C
254	world_history	"What the bourgeoisie, therefore, produces, above all, is its own grave-diggers. Its fall and the victory of the proletariat are equally inevitable." The statement above MOST clearly reflects a major tenet of which political philosophy?	Communism	Democracy	Fascism	Theocracy	Totalitarianism	A
255	world_history	"However well educated and clever a native might be, andhowever brave he may prove himself, I believe that no rank wecan bestow on him would cause him to be considered an equalof the British officer." —Lord Kitchener, British military commander in India This statement supports which of the following generalizationsabout colonial powers and the native populations they govern?	Colonial powers usually controlled native populations primarily through military force.	Colonial powers often viewed themselves as racially superior to native populations.	Colonial powers tended to use native populations to bolster their military strength.	Colonial powers were needed to help govern less capable native populations.	Colonial powers encouraged native populations to improve their individual statuses.	B
256	world_history	The United Nations deployed an international military force in South Korea in 1950 primarily because	North Korea threatened to launch a nuclear attack against South Korea	North Korean and Chinese ships attacked South Korean ships in the Yellow Sea	North Korean troops had crossed the 38th parallel into South Korean territory	North Korea acquired nuclear weapons from the Soviet Union	North Korea was on the verge of overthrowing the South Korean government	C
257	world_history	According to the traditional Hindu caste system, an unskilled worker would be considered part of which class?	Brahmans	Harijans	Kshatriya	Shudra	Vaishya	D
258	world_history	Ho Chi Minh returned to Vietnam in 1941 and founded the Vietminh in response to a crisis primarily concerning	increasing communist influence in Vietnam	American militarization of South Vietnam	the dictatorial leadership of Ngo Dinh Diem	French colonial control over Vietnam	the geopolitical division of North and South Vietnam	D
260	world_history	Which of the following occurred during the New Kingdom period of ancient Egyptian history?	Reign of the pharaoh Khafra	Carving of the Rosetta stone	Building of the pyramids	Expulsion of the Hyksos	Construction of the Sphinx	D
261	world_history	Which of the following was true of both the Kush and the Bantu-speaking people of ancient Africa?	Both modeled their forms of leadership after the ancient Egyptians.	Both developed ironworking to make iron-tipped weapons and tools.	Both began as migratory cultures that eventually settled in a single region.	Both spread their languages throughout Africa through cultural intermarriage.	Both were chiefly agrarian and relied on farming and raising animals.	B
262	world_history	The Battle of Trafalgar was a key naval victory for the British in their war against	Austria-Hungary	France	Germany	Portugal	Spain	B
263	world_history	All of the following are true about the Inca civilization EXCEPT	they used a system of parallel descent in which daughters inherited from their mothers and sons from their fathers	they demanded that neighboring communities pay them tributes as a means of funding their imperial expansion	they believed that their ruler was a god that descended from the sun and that his main wife represented the moon	they allowed conquered communities to retain their individual culture and local leaders in return for allegiance to the empire	they performed most of their sacrifices using animals like llamas or guinea pigs instead of humans	B
264	world_history	The Taj Mahal in Agra, India, was originally built to serve as a	fortress	monastery	mosque	palace	tomb	E
265	world_history	During the Punic Wars, Rome fought in three separate campaigns against the	Carthaginians	Gauls	Illyrians	Macedonians	Samnites	A
267	world_history	Which country did Britain establish in Asia before India earned its independence in 1947?	Afghanistan	Bangladesh	Pakistan	Nepal	Turkmenistan	C
268	world_history	All of the following were factors in the decline of both the Roman Empire and the Han dynasty EXCEPT	difficulty with governmental administration due to their large size	violence from political resistance groups within their borders	poor agricultural yield, famine, and rapidly spreading epidemics	barbarian invasions along their borders that negatively affected trading	division by generals who attempted to seize power and proclaim themselves emperor	B
269	world_history	In the nineteenth century, which region of colonial Southeast Asia was an independent nation that served as a "buffer zone" between other imperially governed states?	Burma	Singapore	Borneo	Sumatra	Siam	E
270	world_history	The city of Great Zimbabwe rose to prominence during the thirteenth century primarily as a result of its	possession of working gold mines	strong agricultural economy	widespread military conquests	control of a key trading route	political ties to the Roman Empire	D
271	world_history	is mere human talk to preach that the soul flies out [ofpurgatory] immediately [when] the money clinks in thecollection box. 36. Which of the following religious leaders most likely made the statementabove?	John Calvin	Ignatius of Loyola	Martin Luther	John Knox	Ulrich Zwingli	C
272	world_history	The Neolithic Revolution was a fundamental shift in the human way of life during the prehistoric era that was primarily marked by the	emergence of early governments	development of agricultural techniques	formation of organized religions	beginning of systematic trade	construction of early tools and machines	B
273	world_history	Which Mesoamerican culture used chinampas to increase the amount of agricultural land available for use in its capital city?	Inca	Olmec	Maya	Aztec	Toltec	D
274	world_history	An interest in natural resources and commodities such as oil, tin, and rubber led the Dutch to colonize which region of Southeast Asia starting in the seventeenth century?	Indonesia	Malaysia	Burma	Siam	Philippines	A
275	world_history	Which of the following modern countries is NOT matched with the imperial power that once controlled it?	Bosnia → Austrian-Hungarian Empire	Cambodia → Mongol Empire	Yemen → Umayyad Empire	Turkey → Ottoman Empire	Guyana → British Empire	B
276	world_history	In his 1776 book The Wealth of Nations, economist Adam Smith advocated the laissez-faire economic philosophy and specifically condemned	communism	feudalism	imperialism	mercantilism	capitalism	D
277	world_history	Which of the following Chinese dynasties instituted the first civil service examination?	Tang	Zhou	Sui	Qin	Han	E
278	world_history	The Four Noble Truths form the basis of which major Eastern religion?	Hinduism	Sikhism	Daoism	Buddhism	Shintoism	D
279	world_history	Which of these answers best describes how Germany and Japan were similar in the lead-up to World War II?	Both nations wanted to isolate themselves from foreign influence.	Both nations were convinced of their ethnic superiority.	Both nations were interested in territorial expansion for economic gain.	Both nations were suffering because of heavy losses incurred in World War I.	Both nations supported the ethnic and racial cleansing of minority groups.	C
280	world_history	The Spanish settlers who governed colonies in Mesoamerica imported Africans as a source of labor instead of enslaving Native Americans primarily because	Africans were more obedient to Europeans than Native Americans	Africans were more resistant to disease than Native Americans	Africans were a cheaper source of labor than Native Americans	Africans were more skilled at manual labor than Native Americans	Africans were easier to communicate with than Native Americans	B
281	world_history	"At this point one may note that men must be either pamperedor annihilated. They avenge light offenses; they cannot avengesevere ones; hence, the harm one does to a man must be suchas to obviate any fear of revenge." The quotation above is taken from which of the following?	The Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels	In Praise of Folly, Desiderius Erasmus	Utopia, Sir Thomas More	The Prince, Niccolò Machiavelli	Two Treatises of Government, John Locke	D
282	world_history	Aside from gold, the most valuable and highly traded commodity inthe West African kingdom of Ghana was	salt	ivory	slaves	grain	rice	A
283	world_history	All of the following are examples of trading agreements EXCEPT	NAFTA	OPEC	LAFTA	GATT	ASEAN	B
284	world_history	The Chinese ruled over Vietnam between roughly the first andtenth centuries CE. During this period, the Chinese encounteredthe most resistance from the Vietnamese when they attempted to	implement their civil service and bureaucratic systems	introduce the Vietnamese to the Confucian ideology	de-emphasize the role of women in Vietnamese society	employ traditional Chinese agricultural methods	convert the Vietnamese to the Buddhist religion	C
285	world_history	The rise of feudalism in Western Europe was primarily the result of	political unrest caused by severe famine	fear of attack from foreign invaders	the collapse of the Carolingian dynasty	disputes about church authority over state matters	an increase in trading with overseas countries	B
1	us_history	The term "American Indians" is a misnomer because the people it designates	are not native to the Americas	originally came from Asia	did not inhabit the East Indies	did not speak any European languages	first settled the Americas during the 1400s	C
2	us_history	Which of the following contributed the most to the founding and success of the Iroquois Confederacy?	The small size of the Iroquois tribes	The fact that the tribes all belonged to the same nation	The popular election of the council members	The constant conflicts among the Iroquois tribes	The example of the New England town meeting	B
3	us_history	Which nation has had the greatest influence on modern American culture?	Asia	England	France	Italy	Spain	B
4	us_history	A major reason that the Europeans succeeded in dominating the Native Americans and gradually taking over their land because	their religion was more compelling	their respect for the land was greater	they were better farmers than the Native Americans	their weapons were more sophisticated and deadly	they arrived in America before the Native Americans	D
5	us_history	Why did the settlers of Massachusetts Bay found Harvard College?	They wanted a school that would rival Yale College in Connecticut.	They needed to supply jobs for unemployed professors.	They were concerned to educate future ministers of their church.	They wanted both boys and girls in New England to learn to read.	They insisted on the separation of church and state.	C
6	us_history	The most important difference between Pennsylvania and the Massachusetts Bay Colony was that Pennsylvania	was not founded by a Christian	was not an English colony	did not have a large city	was not ruled by a theocracy	did not attract settlers from Europe	D
7	us_history	The success of Southern plantations led to the increase of which of the following?	The African slave trade	Indentured servitude	Intercolonial trade	The building of cities	Trade with the Native Americans	A
8	us_history	Which of the following events was most responsible for the eventual disappearance of theocracy in Massachusetts?	The founding of Rhode Island	The establishment of Yale College	The banishment of Anne Hutchinson	The founding of Pennsylvania	The Salem witchcraft trials	E
9	us_history	The Navigation Acts of the 1650s had all the following purposes EXCEPT:	to protect colonial trade	to increase profits for Great Britain	to maintain English control over colonial trade	to foster a mercantilist economy	to increase imports to the colonies while decreasing exports	E
10	us_history	A principal consequence of the Glorious Revolution in Britain was that	the New England colonists threw Edmund Andros out of office	England became a Catholic nation once again	a queen ruled England in her own right for the first time	the colonial assemblies began discussing the need for a militia	English Protestants began fleeing to the colonies for fear of religious persecution	A
11	us_history	The abolitionist movement had difficulty gaining supporters in the early1800s because	African slaves were content with their status	there were no Africans in powerful positions in the government	Africans easily found ways to flout the system of slavery	Northern whites could ignore the wrongs of the slave system in the South and Southerners found it too profitable to end	Quakers were a majority in the colonies and spoke out against slavery at an early date	D
12	us_history	Which of the following people probably had the hardest and most thankless life in the colonies?	A farmer's wife	A female slave	A male slave	A cobbler	A blacksmith's apprentice	B
13	us_history	Britain defended the colonists against the French primarily because	William Pitt believed it was necessary to win the war quickly	Britain was protecting its own investment in the colonies	British military officers were personally loyal to colonial troops	the British and the Native Americans did not have friendly relations	Britain wanted to push Spain out of its American colonies	B
14	us_history	George Washington found the job of commander in chief of the colonial army thankless and exhausting for all the following reasons EXCEPT:	the regular desertion of his soldiers who wanted to return to look after their own affairs	the contempt and distrust with which the British army officers treated him	the fact that his soldiers often refused to obey orders of which they did not approve	his lack of enjoyment of or interest in the military life	the youth and inexperience that made it difficult for him to know the best course to pursue	D
15	us_history	The two maps in this chapter illustrate which result of the French and Indian War?	The colonists began to identify themselves as fellow Americans rather than as Virginians or New Yorkers.	Dislike and distrust began to grow between Britain and the colonies.	Individual colonies expanded their territory westward.	Britain more than doubled the size of its holdings in North America.	Spain more than doubled the size of its holdings in North America.	D
16	us_history	Before 1754 French activity in North America was directed primarily toward	open warfare with Spanish colonists along the West Coast	religious conversion of the Native Americans	establishing the fur trade with the Native Americans	border warfare with the British colonists	building large cities along the Mississippi River	C
17	us_history	The First Continental Congress was convened primarily to	discuss a unified colonial response to the Intolerable Acts	discuss a plan to unite the 13 colonies as an independent nation	raise a standing army that could protect the colonists against Britishoppression	arrive at a set of internal trade regulations that was fair to all colonies	plan a suspension of all trade with Great Britain	A
18	us_history	Why had Great Britain failed to enforce the Navigation Acts before 1763?	Smuggling had made the colonies, and therefore Britain, wealthier.	The royal governors in the colonies were disloyal to British interests.	Britain had no interest in what went on in the American colonies.	British representatives found it impossible to enforce laws that so many colonists were determined to ignore.	The colonists threatened the lives and property of the people paid to enforce the Navigation Acts.	D
19	us_history	The Sons of Liberty disguised themselves as Native Americans on the night of the Boston Tea Party for all these reasons EXCEPT:	They knew that Native Americans would never be accused or suffer any penalties for the destruction of the tea.	They did not want to be prosecuted for the crime of destroying property that was not theirs.	They wanted their friends and families to be able to say truthfully that they did not recognize them that night.	They knew that dressing up in costumes would add to the excitement and enthusiasm of the undertaking.	They hoped that Native Americans would be blamed for the storming of the Dartmouth.	E
20	us_history	Paul Revere chose to distort the facts in his engraving of the Boston Massacre primarily to	unite people from all the colonies against the aggressor, Britain	satisfy his creative instincts as an artist	ensure that the redcoats would not receive a fair trial	ensure that history would portray Britain as a villain	prove that Crispus Attucks and his friends had died the deaths of heroes	A
21	us_history	Why did the Northern delegates allow the removal from the Declaration of Independence a passage referring to the slave trade as a "cruel war against human nature"?	They supported the slave trade.	They were slave owners from large plantations.	They did not like the implication that they were slaves of the king of Great Britain.	They thought the Southerners would not vote for independence if that passage was not removed.	They did not believe that this was the right time to free the slaves.	D
22	us_history	General Howe was determined to capture the city of Philadelphia primarily because	it was the capital city and such a capture would be prestigious	it was an important Atlantic seaport city	it had been the scene of most of the fierce resistance to the Acts of Parliament before the war began	it was the home of Benjamin Franklin	it was a Loyalist city and would welcome the arrival of the British	A
23	us_history	Which of the following lists the battles in the correct chronological order?	Brandywine, Monmouth, Saratoga	Saratoga, Brandywine, Monmouth	Monmouth, Brandywine, Saratoga	Saratoga, Monmouth, Brandywine	Brandywine, Saratoga, Monmouth	E
24	us_history	What was the primary purpose of the Olive Branch Petition?	To open trade between the United States and the Mediterranean nations of Greece and Italy	To ask King George III to bring about a reconciliation between Parliament and the colonies	To state the reasons for Americans to declare their independence from Great Britain	To urge Americans to declare independence from a corrupt hereditary monarchy	To justify America's decision to begin to take up arms against the redcoats	B
25	us_history	The Articles of Confederation	were ratified by 9 of the 13 states and then became law	fixed the amount of the Revolutionary War debt Congress would have to repay	did not provide for an executive or judicial branch of the national government	established a strong central authority over the individual states	apportioned representation of each state according to its population	C
26	us_history	James Madison objected to the Articles of Confederation on all these grounds EXCEPT:	States were violating one another's rights.	Congress could not force states to pay their fair share of taxes.	States were making separate treaties with Native Americans.	Congress included delegates from each state.	States would never work together in their own best long-term interests.	D
27	us_history	All the following were direct or indirect consequences of the Articles of Confederation EXCEPT:	The United States acquired a large war debt.	The states gave up individual claims to lands outside their borders east of the Mississippi.	The Northwest Territory was divided into smaller territories, each with its own governor.	An economic depression hit the United States in 1784.	Daniel Shays led a farmers' rebellion in Massachusetts.	A
28	us_history	The Antifederalists opposed the Constitution primarily because	they thought the United States should be ruled by a constitutional monarchy	they did not want the central government to have too much control over the states	they opposed slavery and wanted a constitution that would outlaw it	they demanded equal representation for all the states	they wanted the Constitution to include The Northwest Ordinances	B

210

world_history

When Spanish conquistadors entered South America in the 1500s, they were able to conquer the Inca with relative ease because of the Inca's weakness from

natural disasters

famine

disease

prior invasion

civil war

E

211

world_history

Which of these was true of both Sparta and Athens?

They were democratic governments.

They denied female participation in politics.

They made significant contributions to the arts.

They prohibited the use of gold and silver.

They required all men to serve in the military.

B

212

world_history

The overthrow of the Qing dynasty in China in 1912 was primarily the result of

severe governmental oppression

excessive taxation of imports

rising nationalistic sentiment

increased foreign pressure

widespread poverty and famine

C

213

world_history

In the 1500s, which Southeast Asian nation was a Spanish colony that helped facilitate trade with Mexico?

Burma

Indonesia

Siam

Vietnam

Philippines

E

214

world_history

The collapse of the Carolingian dynasty in the 800s quickly led to the

rise of European nation-states

introduction of the feudal system

beginning of the Renaissance

establishment of the Protestant church

onset of widespread industrialization

B

215

world_history

Lutheranism and Calvinism were LEAST similar in regard to views on the

degree of corruption in the Roman Catholic Church

importance of religion in everyday life

sale of indulgences

ability of individuals to affect their fate

importance of celibacy outside marriage

D

216

world_history

With which statement would an adherent to the philosophy of cynicism be MOST likely to agree?

All human beings are part of a common brotherhood.

Inner peace can be found by seeking pleasure and avoiding pain.

Individuals have an inherent responsibility to help others.

Life should be lived simply and without material attachments.

Conducting oneself virtuously is the key to living a good life.

D

217

world_history

The world peacekeeping organization known as the League of Nations and its successor, the United Nations, are MOST different in that the

League of Nations originated with many more nations

League of Nations excluded the nations it viewed as troublesome

United Nations formed a military division to enforce its policies

United Nations was founded to help bring an end to an active war

League of Nations included several separate administrative bodies

C

218

world_history

In 1521 Hernán Cortés led the Spanish conquest of which Mesoamerican culture?

Aztec

Inca

Olmec

Maya

Toltec

A

219

world_history

"Wild and blasphemous ideas of God are formed because man has wandered away from the unchangeable laws of science, and the right use of reason; and because something called revealed religion was invented." The above statement MOST reflects the ideology of which intellectual movement?

Humanism

Materialism

Deism

Utilitarianism

Idealism

C

220

world_history

The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere was primarily designed by Japan to

end Japanese reliance on Western support

limit the spread of communism in Asia

free Asian nations from imperial control

establish its own empire throughout Asia

secure an adequate supply of raw materials

E

221

world_history

The Greek philosopher who developed a teaching methodology based on systematic questioning was

Aristotle

Epicurus

Plato

Democritus

Socrates

E

222

world_history

While they controlled China, the Mongols were unsuccessful in their attempts to extend their empire into Southeast Asia primarily because

their incursions were met with heavy resistance

the terrain was too difficult to navigate

they lacked the manpower to overcome local forces

the regional climate was extremely inhospitable

they had insufficient resources for long campaigns

D

223

world_history

The written language of the Mycenaeans was based on that of the

Minoans

Phoenicians

Babylonians

Hittites

Assyrians

A

224

world_history

Which of these BEST describes the type of protectorate commonly found in imperial-controlled Africa?

A region directly controlled by a foreign power

A region considered an administrative subdivision of another country

A region allowed to maintain its government while under imperial control

A region controlled by a private business instead of a foreign government

A region over which another nation holds exclusive trade rights

C

225

world_history

Which of these does NOT accurately describe a similarity between the peoples of ancient Egypt and the Indus River valley?

They practiced polytheistic religion.

They drove out a foreign occupation force.

They developed a stratified social structure.

They made significant architectural advances.

They depended on agriculture for survival.

B

226

world_history

During their conquest of Mesoamerica, the Spaniards utilized the encomienda system, which allowed them to

compel the natives out of settlements and off the land

require the natives to pledge allegiance under penalty of death

pay the natives to fight on Spain's behalf

require the natives pay tribute and perform labor

encourage mass migration of the native peoples

D

227

world_history

Which of these was the most important point of agreement between Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points and the Treaty of Versailles?

Germany should relinquish control of its African colonies.

An international peacekeeping organization should be established.

Trade barriers between nations should be reduced.

Germany should be forced to accept full responsibility for the war.

Freedom of the seas should be guaranteed in both peace and wartime.

B

228

world_history

The separation of the Shia sect of Islam from the larger Sunni sect was primarily the result of disputes over the

treatment of women in Muslim society

differing interpretations of the Koran

Umayyad preoccupation with wealth acquisition

trade practices with nearby cultures

line of succession following the death of Muhammad

E

229

world_history

Which factor contributed the MOST to the rise of the Fascist Party under Benito Mussolini in Italy?

Increased sense of nationalism among Italians

Oppressive policies of the existing Italian government

Frustration with Italy's lack of territorial gains after World War I

Widespread opposition to Italian monarch Victor Emmanuel III

Concern over the fragile state of international relations in Europe

C

230

world_history

Which of these was NOT true of the Han dynasty?

It engaged in extensive trade with Europe.

It introduced the civil service examination.

It began early construction on the Great Wall.

It created roads and canals to improve transportation.

It funded bureaucracy and army through taxes.

C

231

world_history

What was the major goal of the Concert of Europe?

To redraw the boundaries of Europe after World War I

To restrict the spread of communism to Eastern Europe

To prevent future revolutions by maintaining the status quo

To establish new nation-states after the fall of the Roman Empire

To develop continental trade relationships and business partnerships

C

232

world_history

What inference can BEST be made from the information in the chart shown?

Slavic languages strongly influenced the development of the English language.

The Roman occupation of England significantly influenced the development of the English language.

The English language developed through a blend of Germanic, French, and Greek influences.

The classical languages strongly influenced the development of both English and French.

The English language primarily developed during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance.

B

233

world_history

Why did the government installed in South Vietnam in 1954 by France and the United States ultimately fail?

The government was corrupt and unpopular with the Vietnamese people.

The Vietnamese people preferred Ho Chi Minh's communist regime.

The Vietnamese people distrusted the government because of its French backing.

The government was unable to procure the resources necessary for independent existence.

The Vietnamese people were angered by the government's communist policies.

A

234

world_history

In which way were the ancient Chinese philosophies of Confucianism and legalism MOST similar?

They divided educational standards by class.

They emphasized the importance of strong government.

They promoted respect and reverence of elders.

They emphasized life in harmony with the natural world.

They discouraged most independence of thought.

B

235

world_history

The concept of humanism was a key characteristic of the

Enlightenment

Protestant Reformation

Renaissance

Scientific Revolution

Impressionism movement

C

236

world_history

The Petition of Right, which was drafted in 1628, attempted to restrict Charles I from doing any of the following EXCEPT

requiring citizens to quarter soldiers in their homes

declaring martial law during peacetime

enacting taxes without parliamentary approval

suspending a law passed by Parliament

imprisoning people without regard to due cause

D

237

world_history

The concept of a state ruled by philosophers and built on a structure of class divisions determined by intelligence was most strongly supported by

Aristotle

Euclid

Plato

Pythagoras

Socrates

C

238

world_history

Which of the following is the most important aspect of the samurai code of conduct, known as the bushido?

Loyalty to the feudal lord

Preservation of personal honor

Protection of the emperor

Defense of territory

Acceptance of death

A

239

world_history

"It has been thought a considerable advance towards establishing the principles of Freedom to say that Government is a compact between those who govern and those who are governed; but this cannot be true, because it is putting the effect before the cause; for as man must have existed before governments existed, there necessarily was a time when governments did not exist, and consequently there could originally exist no governors to form such a compact with. The fact, therefore, must be that the individuals, themselves, each, in his own personal and sovereign right, entered into a compact with each other to produce a government: and this is the only mode in which governments have a right to arise, and the only principle on which they have a right to exist." The text above was part of a pamphlet written in support of which of the following?

Russian Revolution

Velvet Revolution

Haitian Revolution

Glorious Revolution

French Revolution

E

240

world_history

Chinese trade during the Song dynasty was most strongly influenced by the

restoration of centralized governance

invention of the magnetic compass

enactment of the Confucian civil service system

building of the Grand Canal

diffusion of Buddhism across China

B

241

world_history

The political theories of communism and fascism share all of the following tenets EXCEPT

adherence to single-party rule

loyalty to the state

opposition to social democracy

dissolution of social classes

support of dictatorial leadership

D

242

world_history

Which of the following is the most direct cause of World War I?

Invasion of Poland

Formation of the Triple Alliance

Annexation of Bosnia

Onset of the Russian Revolution

Assassination of Franz Ferdinand

E

243

world_history

Which of the following was made clearer to modern scholars after the discovery of the Rosetta stone in 1798?

Laws of ancient Mesopotamia

Origins of Hinduism

Written language of ancient Egyptians

Trading practices of Sumerian society

Agricultural methods of ancient China

C

245

world_history

"We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end. We shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be. We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender." The quotation above referenced the hard fighting in which of the following wars?

World War I

World War II

Korean War

First Balkan War

Six-Day War

B

246

world_history

All of the following are true about the people of ancient Mali EXCEPT

they built their wealth through gold and trade

they established Timbuktu as a major city

they were sometimes ruled by Muslim leaders

they organized villages on the basis of kinship

they relied on a strong governmental system

D

247

world_history

The creation story contained in the Popol Vuh was written by the

Aztec

Inca

Maya

Olmec

Toltec

C

248

world_history

British imperialism in India resulted in all of the following EXCEPT

enactment of restrictive trading policies

increased productivity in native industries

improved medical care and sanitation

increased exportation of raw materials

expansion of the transportation system

B

249

world_history

The Mongolian occupation of China, which occurred during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, improved China's economic stability by

decreasing taxes on imported goods

leading to an extension of the Grand Canal

decentralizing the Chinese government

encouraging Chinese industrialization

making travel on trading routes safer

E

250

world_history

Which factor played an important role in the escalations of both the French and Russian revolutions?

Rise of industrialization

Oppressive monarchical rule

Previously failed uprisings

Influence of communism

Demand for women's rights

B

251

world_history

Which of the following answers lists the wars in the correct chronological order?

Thirty Years' War, Crimean War, Boer War, Hundred Years' War

Crimean War, Hundred Years' War, Boer War, Thirty Years' War

Hundred Years' War, Thirty Years' War, Crimean War, Boer War

Boer War, Crimean War, Hundred Years' War, Thirty Years' War

Hundred Years' War, Boer War, Thirty Years' War, Crimean War

C

253

world_history

Which of the following would a believer in legalism LEAST LIKELY support?

Strong family values

Loyalty to rulers

Equal access to education

Submission to state policy

Censorship of media

C

254

world_history

"What the bourgeoisie, therefore, produces, above all, is its own grave-diggers. Its fall and the victory of the proletariat are equally inevitable." The statement above MOST clearly reflects a major tenet of which political philosophy?

Communism

Democracy

Fascism

Theocracy

Totalitarianism

A

255

world_history

"However well educated and clever a native might be, andhowever brave he may prove himself, I believe that no rank wecan bestow on him would cause him to be considered an equalof the British officer." —Lord Kitchener, British military commander in India This statement supports which of the following generalizationsabout colonial powers and the native populations they govern?

Colonial powers usually controlled native populations primarily through military force.

Colonial powers often viewed themselves as racially superior to native populations.

Colonial powers tended to use native populations to bolster their military strength.

Colonial powers were needed to help govern less capable native populations.

Colonial powers encouraged native populations to improve their individual statuses.

B

256

world_history

The United Nations deployed an international military force in South Korea in 1950 primarily because

North Korea threatened to launch a nuclear attack against South Korea

North Korean and Chinese ships attacked South Korean ships in the Yellow Sea

North Korean troops had crossed the 38th parallel into South Korean territory

North Korea acquired nuclear weapons from the Soviet Union

North Korea was on the verge of overthrowing the South Korean government

C

257

world_history

According to the traditional Hindu caste system, an unskilled worker would be considered part of which class?

Brahmans

Harijans

Kshatriya

Shudra

Vaishya

D

258

world_history

Ho Chi Minh returned to Vietnam in 1941 and founded the Vietminh in response to a crisis primarily concerning

increasing communist influence in Vietnam

American militarization of South Vietnam

the dictatorial leadership of Ngo Dinh Diem

French colonial control over Vietnam

the geopolitical division of North and South Vietnam

D

260

world_history

Which of the following occurred during the New Kingdom period of ancient Egyptian history?

Reign of the pharaoh Khafra

Carving of the Rosetta stone

Building of the pyramids

Expulsion of the Hyksos

Construction of the Sphinx

D

261

world_history

Which of the following was true of both the Kush and the Bantu-speaking people of ancient Africa?

Both modeled their forms of leadership after the ancient Egyptians.

Both developed ironworking to make iron-tipped weapons and tools.

Both began as migratory cultures that eventually settled in a single region.

Both spread their languages throughout Africa through cultural intermarriage.

Both were chiefly agrarian and relied on farming and raising animals.

B

262

world_history

The Battle of Trafalgar was a key naval victory for the British in their war against

Austria-Hungary

France

Germany

Portugal

Spain

B

263

world_history

All of the following are true about the Inca civilization EXCEPT

they used a system of parallel descent in which daughters inherited from their mothers and sons from their fathers

they demanded that neighboring communities pay them tributes as a means of funding their imperial expansion

they believed that their ruler was a god that descended from the sun and that his main wife represented the moon

they allowed conquered communities to retain their individual culture and local leaders in return for allegiance to the empire

they performed most of their sacrifices using animals like llamas or guinea pigs instead of humans

B

264

world_history

The Taj Mahal in Agra, India, was originally built to serve as a

fortress

monastery

mosque

palace

tomb

E

265

world_history

During the Punic Wars, Rome fought in three separate campaigns against the

Carthaginians

Gauls

Illyrians

Macedonians

Samnites

A

267

world_history

Which country did Britain establish in Asia before India earned its independence in 1947?

Afghanistan

Bangladesh

Pakistan

Nepal

Turkmenistan

C

268

world_history

All of the following were factors in the decline of both the Roman Empire and the Han dynasty EXCEPT

difficulty with governmental administration due to their large size

violence from political resistance groups within their borders

poor agricultural yield, famine, and rapidly spreading epidemics

barbarian invasions along their borders that negatively affected trading

division by generals who attempted to seize power and proclaim themselves emperor

B

269

world_history

In the nineteenth century, which region of colonial Southeast Asia was an independent nation that served as a "buffer zone" between other imperially governed states?

Burma

Singapore

Borneo

Sumatra

Siam

E

270

world_history

The city of Great Zimbabwe rose to prominence during the thirteenth century primarily as a result of its

possession of working gold mines

strong agricultural economy

widespread military conquests

control of a key trading route

political ties to the Roman Empire

D

271

world_history

is mere human talk to preach that the soul flies out [ofpurgatory] immediately [when] the money clinks in thecollection box. 36. Which of the following religious leaders most likely made the statementabove?

John Calvin

Ignatius of Loyola

Martin Luther

John Knox

Ulrich Zwingli

C

272

world_history

The Neolithic Revolution was a fundamental shift in the human way of life during the prehistoric era that was primarily marked by the

emergence of early governments

development of agricultural techniques

formation of organized religions

beginning of systematic trade

construction of early tools and machines

B

273

world_history

Which Mesoamerican culture used chinampas to increase the amount of agricultural land available for use in its capital city?

Inca

Olmec

Maya

Aztec

Toltec

D

274

world_history

An interest in natural resources and commodities such as oil, tin, and rubber led the Dutch to colonize which region of Southeast Asia starting in the seventeenth century?

Indonesia

Malaysia

Burma

Siam

Philippines

A

275

world_history

Which of the following modern countries is NOT matched with the imperial power that once controlled it?

Bosnia → Austrian-Hungarian Empire

Cambodia → Mongol Empire

Yemen → Umayyad Empire

Turkey → Ottoman Empire

Guyana → British Empire

B

276

world_history

In his 1776 book The Wealth of Nations, economist Adam Smith advocated the laissez-faire economic philosophy and specifically condemned

communism

feudalism

imperialism

mercantilism

capitalism

D

277

world_history

Which of the following Chinese dynasties instituted the first civil service examination?

Tang

Zhou

Sui

Qin

Han

E

278

world_history

The Four Noble Truths form the basis of which major Eastern religion?

Hinduism

Sikhism

Daoism

Buddhism

Shintoism

D

279

world_history

Which of these answers best describes how Germany and Japan were similar in the lead-up to World War II?

Both nations wanted to isolate themselves from foreign influence.

Both nations were convinced of their ethnic superiority.

Both nations were interested in territorial expansion for economic gain.

Both nations were suffering because of heavy losses incurred in World War I.

Both nations supported the ethnic and racial cleansing of minority groups.

C

280

world_history

The Spanish settlers who governed colonies in Mesoamerica imported Africans as a source of labor instead of enslaving Native Americans primarily because

Africans were more obedient to Europeans than Native Americans

Africans were more resistant to disease than Native Americans

Africans were a cheaper source of labor than Native Americans

Africans were more skilled at manual labor than Native Americans

Africans were easier to communicate with than Native Americans

B

281

world_history

"At this point one may note that men must be either pamperedor annihilated. They avenge light offenses; they cannot avengesevere ones; hence, the harm one does to a man must be suchas to obviate any fear of revenge." The quotation above is taken from which of the following?

The Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

In Praise of Folly, Desiderius Erasmus

Utopia, Sir Thomas More

The Prince, Niccolò Machiavelli

Two Treatises of Government, John Locke

D

282

world_history

Aside from gold, the most valuable and highly traded commodity inthe West African kingdom of Ghana was

salt

ivory

slaves

grain

rice

A

283

world_history

All of the following are examples of trading agreements EXCEPT

NAFTA

OPEC

LAFTA

GATT

ASEAN

B

284

world_history

The Chinese ruled over Vietnam between roughly the first andtenth centuries CE. During this period, the Chinese encounteredthe most resistance from the Vietnamese when they attempted to

implement their civil service and bureaucratic systems

introduce the Vietnamese to the Confucian ideology

de-emphasize the role of women in Vietnamese society

employ traditional Chinese agricultural methods

convert the Vietnamese to the Buddhist religion

C

285

world_history

The rise of feudalism in Western Europe was primarily the result of

political unrest caused by severe famine

fear of attack from foreign invaders

the collapse of the Carolingian dynasty

disputes about church authority over state matters

an increase in trading with overseas countries

B

1

us_history

The term "American Indians" is a misnomer because the people it designates

are not native to the Americas

originally came from Asia

did not inhabit the East Indies

did not speak any European languages

first settled the Americas during the 1400s

C

2

us_history

Which of the following contributed the most to the founding and success of the Iroquois Confederacy?

The small size of the Iroquois tribes

The fact that the tribes all belonged to the same nation

The popular election of the council members

The constant conflicts among the Iroquois tribes

The example of the New England town meeting

B

3

us_history

Which nation has had the greatest influence on modern American culture?

Asia

England

France

Italy

Spain

B

4

us_history

A major reason that the Europeans succeeded in dominating the Native Americans and gradually taking over their land because

their religion was more compelling

their respect for the land was greater

they were better farmers than the Native Americans

their weapons were more sophisticated and deadly

they arrived in America before the Native Americans

D

5

us_history

Why did the settlers of Massachusetts Bay found Harvard College?

They wanted a school that would rival Yale College in Connecticut.

They needed to supply jobs for unemployed professors.

They were concerned to educate future ministers of their church.

They wanted both boys and girls in New England to learn to read.

They insisted on the separation of church and state.

C

6

us_history

The most important difference between Pennsylvania and the Massachusetts Bay Colony was that Pennsylvania

was not founded by a Christian

was not an English colony

did not have a large city

was not ruled by a theocracy

did not attract settlers from Europe

D

7

us_history

The success of Southern plantations led to the increase of which of the following?

The African slave trade

Indentured servitude

Intercolonial trade

The building of cities

Trade with the Native Americans

A

8

us_history

Which of the following events was most responsible for the eventual disappearance of theocracy in Massachusetts?

The founding of Rhode Island

The establishment of Yale College

The banishment of Anne Hutchinson

The founding of Pennsylvania

The Salem witchcraft trials

E

9

us_history

The Navigation Acts of the 1650s had all the following purposes EXCEPT:

to protect colonial trade

to increase profits for Great Britain

to maintain English control over colonial trade

to foster a mercantilist economy

to increase imports to the colonies while decreasing exports

E

10

us_history

A principal consequence of the Glorious Revolution in Britain was that

the New England colonists threw Edmund Andros out of office

England became a Catholic nation once again

a queen ruled England in her own right for the first time

the colonial assemblies began discussing the need for a militia

English Protestants began fleeing to the colonies for fear of religious persecution

A

11

us_history

The abolitionist movement had difficulty gaining supporters in the early1800s because

African slaves were content with their status

there were no Africans in powerful positions in the government

Africans easily found ways to flout the system of slavery

Northern whites could ignore the wrongs of the slave system in the South and Southerners found it too profitable to end

Quakers were a majority in the colonies and spoke out against slavery at an early date

D

12

us_history

Which of the following people probably had the hardest and most thankless life in the colonies?

A farmer's wife

A female slave

A male slave

A cobbler

A blacksmith's apprentice

B

13

us_history

Britain defended the colonists against the French primarily because

William Pitt believed it was necessary to win the war quickly

Britain was protecting its own investment in the colonies

British military officers were personally loyal to colonial troops

the British and the Native Americans did not have friendly relations

Britain wanted to push Spain out of its American colonies

B

14

us_history

George Washington found the job of commander in chief of the colonial army thankless and exhausting for all the following reasons EXCEPT:

the regular desertion of his soldiers who wanted to return to look after their own affairs

the contempt and distrust with which the British army officers treated him

the fact that his soldiers often refused to obey orders of which they did not approve

his lack of enjoyment of or interest in the military life

the youth and inexperience that made it difficult for him to know the best course to pursue

D

15

us_history

The two maps in this chapter illustrate which result of the French and Indian War?

The colonists began to identify themselves as fellow Americans rather than as Virginians or New Yorkers.

Dislike and distrust began to grow between Britain and the colonies.

Individual colonies expanded their territory westward.

Britain more than doubled the size of its holdings in North America.

Spain more than doubled the size of its holdings in North America.

D

16

us_history

Before 1754 French activity in North America was directed primarily toward

open warfare with Spanish colonists along the West Coast

religious conversion of the Native Americans

establishing the fur trade with the Native Americans

border warfare with the British colonists

building large cities along the Mississippi River

C

17

us_history

The First Continental Congress was convened primarily to

discuss a unified colonial response to the Intolerable Acts

discuss a plan to unite the 13 colonies as an independent nation

raise a standing army that could protect the colonists against Britishoppression

arrive at a set of internal trade regulations that was fair to all colonies

plan a suspension of all trade with Great Britain

A

18

us_history

Why had Great Britain failed to enforce the Navigation Acts before 1763?

Smuggling had made the colonies, and therefore Britain, wealthier.

The royal governors in the colonies were disloyal to British interests.

Britain had no interest in what went on in the American colonies.

British representatives found it impossible to enforce laws that so many colonists were determined to ignore.

The colonists threatened the lives and property of the people paid to enforce the Navigation Acts.

D

19

us_history

The Sons of Liberty disguised themselves as Native Americans on the night of the Boston Tea Party for all these reasons EXCEPT:

They knew that Native Americans would never be accused or suffer any penalties for the destruction of the tea.

They did not want to be prosecuted for the crime of destroying property that was not theirs.

They wanted their friends and families to be able to say truthfully that they did not recognize them that night.

They knew that dressing up in costumes would add to the excitement and enthusiasm of the undertaking.

They hoped that Native Americans would be blamed for the storming of the Dartmouth.

E

20

us_history

Paul Revere chose to distort the facts in his engraving of the Boston Massacre primarily to

unite people from all the colonies against the aggressor, Britain

satisfy his creative instincts as an artist

ensure that the redcoats would not receive a fair trial

ensure that history would portray Britain as a villain

prove that Crispus Attucks and his friends had died the deaths of heroes

A

21

us_history

Why did the Northern delegates allow the removal from the Declaration of Independence a passage referring to the slave trade as a "cruel war against human nature"?

They supported the slave trade.

They were slave owners from large plantations.

They did not like the implication that they were slaves of the king of Great Britain.

They thought the Southerners would not vote for independence if that passage was not removed.

They did not believe that this was the right time to free the slaves.

D

22

us_history

General Howe was determined to capture the city of Philadelphia primarily because

it was the capital city and such a capture would be prestigious

it was an important Atlantic seaport city

it had been the scene of most of the fierce resistance to the Acts of Parliament before the war began

it was the home of Benjamin Franklin

it was a Loyalist city and would welcome the arrival of the British

A

23

us_history

Which of the following lists the battles in the correct chronological order?

Brandywine, Monmouth, Saratoga

Saratoga, Brandywine, Monmouth

Monmouth, Brandywine, Saratoga

Saratoga, Monmouth, Brandywine

Brandywine, Saratoga, Monmouth

E

24

us_history

What was the primary purpose of the Olive Branch Petition?

To open trade between the United States and the Mediterranean nations of Greece and Italy

To ask King George III to bring about a reconciliation between Parliament and the colonies

To state the reasons for Americans to declare their independence from Great Britain

To urge Americans to declare independence from a corrupt hereditary monarchy

To justify America's decision to begin to take up arms against the redcoats

B

25

us_history

The Articles of Confederation

were ratified by 9 of the 13 states and then became law

fixed the amount of the Revolutionary War debt Congress would have to repay

did not provide for an executive or judicial branch of the national government

established a strong central authority over the individual states

apportioned representation of each state according to its population

C

26

us_history

James Madison objected to the Articles of Confederation on all these grounds EXCEPT:

States were violating one another's rights.

Congress could not force states to pay their fair share of taxes.

States were making separate treaties with Native Americans.

Congress included delegates from each state.

States would never work together in their own best long-term interests.

D

27

us_history

All the following were direct or indirect consequences of the Articles of Confederation EXCEPT:

The United States acquired a large war debt.

The states gave up individual claims to lands outside their borders east of the Mississippi.

The Northwest Territory was divided into smaller territories, each with its own governor.

An economic depression hit the United States in 1784.

Daniel Shays led a farmers' rebellion in Massachusetts.

A

28

us_history

The Antifederalists opposed the Constitution primarily because

they thought the United States should be ruled by a constitutional monarchy

they did not want the central government to have too much control over the states

they opposed slavery and wanted a constitution that would outlaw it

they demanded equal representation for all the states

they wanted the Constitution to include The Northwest Ordinances

B