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828 | Famine, economic collapse, a sun that cooks us: What climate change could wreak — sooner than you think. | David Wallace-Wells, "The Uninhabitable Earth: Famine, economic collapse, a sun that cooks us: What climate change could wreak — sooner than you think," New York Magazine, July 9, 2017. | SUPPORTS | entailment | New York Harbor Storm-Surge Barrier |
1,785 | Global surface temperatures have continued to rise steadily beneath short-term natural cooling effects, and the rise in global heat content has not slowed at all. | Natural climate variability can appear to slow down surface warming over short periods, but does not refute long-term climate change trends. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Global warming hiatus |
1,357 | “The notion that world-wide weather is becoming more extreme is just that: a notion, or a testable hypothesis. | This will be the one which not only has hitherto stood up to the severest tests, but the one which is also testable in the most rigorous way. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Falsifiability |
310 | [data] show only slight warming, mostly at night and in winter | In winter, the climate becomes cooler and the days shorter. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Earth |
294 | A global network of 500 scientists and professionals has prepared this urgent message. | The scientists declared "climate emergency" and called to stop Overconsumption, move from fossil fuels, eat less meat, stabilize population and more The philosophical and analytic framework of sustainability draws on and connects with many different disciplines and fields; in recent years an area that has come to be called sustainability science has emerged. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Sustainability |
1,049 | So far this month, there have been nearly 5,000 daily record highs set or tied, compared to just 42 daily record lows. | Winters are cool and wet with December, the coolest month, averaging 40.6 °F (4.8 °C), with 28 annual days with lows that reach the freezing mark, and 2.0 days where the temperature stays at or below freezing all day; the temperature rarely lowers to 20 °F (−7 °C). | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Seattle |
409 | as time progresses and fossil fuel emissions increase, the number of record highs should increase and record lows should decrease. | "Oil Production Is at Record Levels. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Peak oil |
1,144 | It “certainly puts the kibosh on everyone saying that Antarctica’s ice is just going up and up,” Meier said. | "Study concludes Antarctica is gaining ice, rather than losing it". | REFUTES | contradiction | Antarctica |
1,453 | Not only was 2016 the warmest year on record, but eight of the 12 months that make up the year — from January through September, with the exception of June — were the warmest on record for those respective months. | It has 12 months, broken down into two groups of six often termed "winter months" and "summer months". | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Month |
2,320 | While the Medieval Warm Period saw unusually warm temperatures in some regions, globally the planet was cooler than current conditions. | They also found that the warming during the 10–14th centuries in some regions might be comparable in magnitude to the warming of the last few decades of the 20th century, which was unprecedented within the past 500 years. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Medieval Warm Period |
2,054 | During the period 1940 to 1976 there was a cooling of the climate despite increasing CO2 levels. | An ice age is a long period of reduction in the temperature of the Earth's surface and atmosphere, resulting in the presence or expansion of continental and polar ice sheets and alpine glaciers. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Ice age |
1,588 | Melting ice isn't warming the Arctic. | Surface temperature increases are greatest in the Arctic, which has contributed to the retreat of glaciers, permafrost, and sea ice. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Global warming |
282 | The panel was forced to retract a statement in its 2007 report saying all Himalayan glaciers could melt entirely by 2035. | In 2007, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), in its Fourth Report, stated that the Himalayan glaciers which feed the river, were at risk of melting by 2035. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Ganges |
1,160 | With more CO2 in the atmosphere, the challenge [feeding 2.5 billion more people] can and will be met. | The amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) will rise, and both of these will influence water resources; evaporation depends strongly on temperature and moisture availability which can ultimately affect the amount of water available to replenish groundwater supplies. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Environmental degradation |
2,069 | Rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations are causing ocean acidification, which is catastrophically harming marine life. | Carbon dioxide emissions cause ocean acidification, the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans as CO 2 becomes dissolved. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Pollution |
1,796 | Natural cycles superimposed on a linear warming trend can be mistaken for step changes, but the underlying warming is caused by the external radiative forcing. | Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings, such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions, and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Paleoclimatology |
113 | The temperature is not rising nearly as fast as the alarmist computer models predicted. | Our results show that the observed rapid rise in global mean temperatures seen after 1985 cannot be ascribed to solar variability, whichever of the mechanisms is invoked and no matter how much the solar variation is amplified. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Global warming controversy |
534 | Domino-effect of climate events could move Earth into a ‘hothouse’ state | A concern is that self-reinforcing feedbacks will lead to a tipping point, where global temperatures transition to a hothouse climate state even if greenhouse gas emissions are reduced or eliminated. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Global warming |
87 | NOAA has adjusted past temperatures to look colder than they were and recent temperatures to look warmer than they were. | A study released in 2009, combined historical weather station data with satellite measurements to deduce past temperatures over large regions of the continent, and these temperatures indicate an overall warming trend. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Global warming controversy |
1,575 | Arctic sea ice loss is matched by Antarctic sea ice gain. | "Mass gains of the Antarctic ice sheet exceed losses". | SUPPORTS | entailment | Antarctica |
3,017 | Some of the regions in which GRACE claims ice loss in East Antarctica average colder than -30°C during the summer, and never, ever get above freezing. | East Antarctica is colder than its western counterpart because of its higher elevation. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Antarctica |
3,059 | Models and direct observations find that CFCs only contribute a fraction of the warming supplied by other greenhouse gases. | Although CFCs are greenhouse gases, they are regulated by the Montreal Protocol, which was motivated by CFCs' contribution to ozone depletion rather than by their contribution to global warming. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Greenhouse gas |
919 | an airplane is contributing to the emissions that put the frozen continent at risk. | Boeing estimates that biofuels could reduce flight-related greenhouse-gas emissions by 60 to 80%. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Boeing |
1,445 | CO2 emissions from all commercial operations in 2018 totaled 918 million metric tons—2.4% of global CO2 emissions from fossil fuel use. | The U.S. EIA estimates that U.S. motor gasoline and diesel (distillate) fuel consumption for transportation in 2015 resulted in the emission of about 1,105 million metric tons of CO2 and 440 million metric tons of CO2, respectively, for a total of 1,545 million metric tons of CO2. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Gasoline |
1,998 | There is a link between climate change and the NSW bushfires. | "'Absolutely' a link between climate change and wildfires, U.N. climate chief Figueres tells Amanpour". | SUPPORTS | entailment | 2013 New South Wales bushfires |
118 | more than 100 per cent of the warming over the past century is due to human actions | The view that human activities are likely responsible for most of the observed increase in global mean temperature ("global warming") since the mid-20th century is an accurate reflection of current scientific thinking. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Kyoto Protocol |
745 | The past shows that climate change is normal, that warmer times and more atmospheric carbon dioxide have driven biodiversity and that cold times kill.” | The greenhouse effect is a process by which thermal radiation from a planetary atmosphere warms the planet's surface beyond the temperature it would have in the absence of its atmosphere. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere |
272 | The melting ice has led to global sea level rise of around eight inches since reliable record keeping began in 1880. | Since the last glacial maximum about 20,000 years ago, the sea level has risen by more than 125 metres (410 ft), with rates varying from less than a mm/year to 40+ mm/year, as a result of melting ice sheets over Canada and Eurasia. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Sea level rise |
1,678 | No known natural forcing fits the fingerprints of observed warming except anthropogenic greenhouse gases. | The spatial and temporal fingerprint of warming can be traced to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, which are a direct result of burning fossil fuels, broad-scale deforestation and other human activity." | SUPPORTS | entailment | Scientific consensus on climate change |
2,464 | While natural forcings can account for much of the early 20th Century warming, humans played a role as well. | Some researchers have proposed that human influences on climate began earlier than is normally supposed (see Early anthropocene for more details) and that major population declines in Eurasia and the Americas reduced this impact, leading to a cooling trend. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Little Ice Age |
1,660 | The benefits of a price on carbon outweigh the costs several times over. | The optimal carbon price, or optimal carbon tax, is the market price (or carbon tax) on carbon emissions that balances the incremental costs of reducing carbon emissions with the incremental benefits of reducing climate damages. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Carbon credit |
298 | Only very few peer-reviewed papers even go so far as to say that recent warming is chiefly anthropogenic. | The global warming observed over the past 50 years is due primarily to human-induced emissions of heat-trapping gases. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Scientific consensus on climate change |
742 | Global human emissions are only 3 per cent of total annual emissions. | In 2008, countries with a Kyoto cap made up less than one-third of annual global carbon dioxide emissions from fuel combustion. | REFUTES | contradiction | Kyoto Protocol |
2,387 | The Greenland ice sheet is at least 400,000 years old and warming was not global when Europeans settled in Greeland 1,000 years ago | The effects of global warming in the Arctic, or climate change in the Arctic include rising air and water temperatures, loss of sea ice, and melting of the Greenland ice sheet with a related cold temperature anomaly, observed since the 1970s. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Climate change in the Arctic |
1,133 | Global average temperatures over land have plummeted by more than 1C since the middle of this year – their biggest and steepest fall on record. | The Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum was an approximate 200,000 year long event where the global average temperature rose by some 5 to 8 °C (9 to 14 °F), and mid-latitude and polar areas may have exceeded modern tropical temperatures of 24–29 °C (75–84 °F). | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Paleocene |
1,882 | Every four minutes, another American home or business goes solar. | The FIT allowed small businesses and homeowners to supply electricity into the municipal power grid and paid a premium for the clean, on-site generated solar electricity. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Gainesville, Florida |
1,689 | Evidence is building that net cloud feedback is likely positive and unlikely to be strongly negative. | One theory is that the climate may reach a "tipping point" where positive feedback effects lead to runaway global warming; such feedbacks include decreased reflection of solar radiation as sea ice melts, exposing darker seawater, and the potential release of large volumes of methane from thawing permafrost. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Global warming controversy |
499 | The monetary cost of damages has increased dramatically in recent decades, but that is due to increasing population, wealth and the amount of vulnerable infrastructure. | Despite income and wealth disparities, the United States continues to rank very high in measures of socioeconomic performance, including average wage, median income, median wealth, human development, per capita GDP, and worker productivity. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | United States |
1,722 | Humans are small but powerful, and human CO2 emissions are causing global warming. | The largest human influence has been the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Global warming |
268 | Some scientists believe that solar activity is more likely to influence today’s climate than carbon dioxide, and Dr Soon has compiled data showing temperature in America, Canada and Mexico rises and falls in line with solar activity. | The 2007 Fourth Assessment Report compiled by the IPCC (AR4) noted that "changes in atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases and aerosols, land cover and solar radiation alter the energy balance of the climate system", and concluded that "increases in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations is very likely to have caused most of the increases in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century". | REFUTES | contradiction | Greenhouse gas |
3,105 | Global warming theory holds that one of the fingerprints of human-induced global warming is more rapid warming in the lower troposphere than at the surface (James Taylor) | The spatial and temporal fingerprint of warming can be traced to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, which are a direct result of burning fossil fuels, broad-scale deforestation and other human activity." | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Scientific consensus on climate change |
2,120 | Phil Jones says no global warming since 1995 | Crucifix 2016 Jull & McKenzie 1996. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Global warming |
2,562 | When accelerating ice loss from Greenland and Antarctica are factored into sea level projections, the estimated sea level rise by 2100 is between 75cm to 2 metres. | Estimates on future contribution to sea level rise from Greenland range from 0.3 to 3 metres (1 to 10 ft), for the year 2100. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Sea level rise |
337 | temperatures were 6-10C above normal over most of France, Germany and northern Spain during the final days of the month, according to C3S. | The annual average temperature is 25.4 °C (78 °F) during the day and 13 °C (55 °F) at night. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Seville |
2,400 | 'To suddenly label CO2 as a "pollutant" is a disservice to a gas that has played an enormous role in the development and sustainability of all life on this wonderful Earth. | On the other hand, an extensive historical analysis of technological efficiency improvements has conclusively shown that improvements in the efficiency of the use of energy and materials were almost always outpaced by economic growth, in large part because of the rebound effect (conservation) or Jevons Paradox resulting in a net increase in resource use and associated pollution. | REFUTES | contradiction | Sustainability |
2,953 | In particular, PMOD alters the data from the Nimbus7/ERB record from 1989 to 1991. | when typing it or writing it down) are a single altered digit or the transposition of adjacent digits. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | International Standard Book Number |
2,733 | A number of independent studies using near-global satellite data find positive feedback and high climate sensitivity. | Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Climate change feedback |
2,325 | Martian climate is primarily driven by dust and albedo and there is little empirical evidence that Mars is showing long term warming. | Their low albedo and carbonaceous chondrite composition have been regarded as similar to asteroids, supporting the capture theory. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Mars |
268 | Some scientists believe that solar activity is more likely to influence today’s climate than carbon dioxide, and Dr Soon has compiled data showing temperature in America, Canada and Mexico rises and falls in line with solar activity. | Another line of evidence for the warming not being due to the Sun is how temperature changes differ at different levels in the Earth's atmosphere. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Global warming |
1,665 | The effects of enhanced CO2 on terrestrial plants are variable and complex and dependent on numerous factors. | Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide affects plants in a variety of ways. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Climate change and agriculture |
2,602 | If the public were aware that man-made CO2 is so incredibly small there would be very little belief in a climate disaster ..." | Rennie 2009: "Claim 1: Anthropogenic CO2 can't be changing climate, because CO2 is only a trace gas in the atmosphere and the amount produced by humans is dwarfed by the amount from volcanoes and other natural sources. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Climate change denial |
799 | the climate models have overestimated the amount of global warming and failed to predict what climatologists call the warming ‘hiatus’ | Uncertainty over feedbacks is the major reason why different climate models project different magnitudes of warming for a given amount of emissions. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Global warming |
2,789 | At that time, Hansen also produced a model of the future behavior of the globe’s temperature, which he had turned into a video movie that was heavily shopped in Congress. | Hansen compared the corrected troposphere temperatures with the results of the published GISS model, and concluded that the model is in good agreement with the observations, noting that the satellite temperature data had been the last holdout of global warming denialists, and that the correction of the data would result in a change from discussing whether global warming is occurring to what is the rate of global warming, and what should be done about it. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | James Hansen |
382 | The amount of energy used to construct solar and wind facilities is greater than they produce in their working lives. | They found producing all new energy with wind power, solar power, and hydropower by 2030 is feasible and existing energy supply arrangements could be replaced by 2050. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Renewable energy |
97 | according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined | Currently, surface temperatures are rising by about 0.2 °C per decade. | REFUTES | contradiction | Global warming |
1,576 | Solar cycles cause global warming. | "Cosmic Rays and Global Warming". | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Solar cycle |
1,327 | Migration patterns show people heading for warm states like Texas and Florida, not snowy Minnesota and Michigan.” | Texas's Rio Grande Valley has seen significant migration from across the U.S.–Mexico border. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Texas |
2,593 | [T]he study indicates “Greenland’s ice may be less susceptible to the massive meltdown predicted by computer models of climate change, the main author ... said in an interview. ... | In an e-mail interview with Than (2007), Peiser stated that: "I think it is an intriguing coincidence that warming trends have been observed on a number of very diverse planetary bodies in our solar system, (...) Perhaps this is just a fluke." | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Attribution of recent climate change |
1,943 | Over 97 percent of the scientific community ⦠believe that humans are contributing to climate change. | Of these, 97% agree, explicitly or implicitly, that global warming is happening and is human-caused. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Scientific consensus on climate change |
5 | The sun has gone into ‘lockdown’ which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists | The persistently cold, wet weather caused great hardship, was primarily responsible for the Great Famine of 1315–1317, and strongly contributed to the weakened immunity and malnutrition leading up to the Black Death (1348–1350). | SUPPORTS | entailment | Winter |
1,769 | CO2 levels are rising so fast that unless we decrease emissions, global warming will accelerate this century. | Between 1993 and 2017, the global mean sea level rose on average by 3.1 ± 0.3 mm per year, with an acceleration detected as well. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Global warming |
1,825 | Climate change is a hoax invented by the Chinese. | Climate change has also been called the "greatest scam in history" by John Coleman, who co-founded the Weather Channel. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Global warming conspiracy theory |
1,928 | NASA Finds Antarctica is Gaining Ice, | According to NASA, the most widespread Antarctic surface melting of the past 30 years occurred in 2005, when an area of ice comparable in size to California briefly melted and refroze; this may have resulted from temperatures rising to as high as 5 °C (41 °F). | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Antarctica |
1,793 | While summer maximums have showed little trend, the annual average Arctic temperature has risen sharply in recent decades. | Summer temperatures (June, July, and August) average around the freezing point (0 °C (32 °F)). | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | North Pole |
1,243 | by that I mean the central Arctic will be ice-free. | The port of Murmansk remains ice-free year round due to the warm North Atlantic Current and is an important fishing and shipping destination. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Murmansk |
2,068 | Global warming responsible for record 2019 July warmth in Alaska. | Since 1950, the number of cold days and nights have decreased, and the number of warm days and night have increased. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Global warming |
818 | “Carbon dioxide hurts nobody’s health. | Smog is a serious problem in many cities and continues to harm human health. | REFUTES | contradiction | Smog |
2,067 | Arctic, Antarctic and Greenland ice loss is accelerating due to global warming. | The effects of global warming in the Arctic, or climate change in the Arctic include rising air and water temperatures, loss of sea ice, and melting of the Greenland ice sheet with a related cold temperature anomaly, observed since the 1970s. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Climate change in the Arctic |
3,090 | A generous estimate of the energy generated by satellites is around 1 million times too small to cause global warming. | However, the incineration and burning of forest plants to clear land releases large amounts of CO2, which contributes to global warming. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Deforestation |
1,073 | The amount of summer sea ice in the Arctic has steadily declined over the past few decades because of man-made global warming, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. | The Arctic is affected by current global warming, leading to Arctic sea ice shrinkage, diminished ice in the Greenland ice sheet, and Arctic methane release as the permafrost thaws. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Arctic |
846 | In other words, we have, trapped in Arctic permafrost, twice as much carbon as is currently wrecking the atmosphere of the planet, all of it scheduled to be released at a date that keeps getting moved up, partially in the form of a gas that multiplies its warming power 86 times over. | When the permafrost melts, it releases carbon in the form of carbon dioxide and methane, both of which are greenhouse gases. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Tundra |
2,565 | Human kind has little or nothing to do with the recent temperature changes. | There is no convincing scientific evidence that human release of carbon dioxide, methane, or other greenhouse gases is causing or will, in the foreseeable future, cause catastrophic heating of the Earth's atmosphere and disruption of the Earth's climate. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Climate change denial |
2,048 | CO2 is a greenhouse gas but is clearly subordinate to water vapour and other more significant factors determining global climate. | Increases in atmospheric concentrations of CO 2 and other long-lived greenhouse gases such as methane, nitrous oxide and ozone have correspondingly strengthened their absorption and emission of infrared radiation, causing the rise in average global temperature since the mid-20th century. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Carbon dioxide |
199 | In the past, warming has never been a threat to life on Earth. | Given the potential threat to marine ecosystems and its ensuing impact on human society and economy, especially as it acts in conjunction with anthropogenic global warming, there is an urgent need for immediate action." | REFUTES | contradiction | Scientific consensus on climate change |
1,411 | “Even if you could calculate some sort of meaningful global temperature statistic, the figure would be unimportant. | Cities are responsible for a substantial portion of the emissions responsible for global warming. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | City |
3,084 | "the temperature increase in the second half of the 20th century could have taken place in steps driven by major ENSO events" (Jens Raunsø Jensen) | The average global temperature on Earth has increased by about 0.8° Celsius (1.4° Fahrenheit) since 1880; Two-thirds of the warming has occurred since 1975, at a rate of roughly 0.15-0.20 °C per decade. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | 20th century |
2,358 | The CO2 that nature emits (from the ocean and vegetation) is balanced by natural absorptions (again by the ocean and vegetation). | Most of the CO 2 taken up by the ocean, which is about 30% of the total released into the atmosphere, forms carbonic acid in equilibrium with bicarbonate. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Carbon dioxide |
1,350 | Until last June, most scientists acknowledged that warming reached a peak in the late 1990s | The reconstruction found significant variability around a long-term cooling trend of –0.02 °C per century, as expected from orbital forcing, interrupted in the 20th century by rapid warming which stood out from the whole period, with the 1990s "the warmest decade, and 1998 the warmest year, at moderately high levels of confidence." | SUPPORTS | entailment | Hockey stick graph |
2,245 | Overall, about 90% of the global warming occurs after the CO2 increase. | As of 2011, the concentrations of CO2 and methane had increased by about 40% and 150%, respectively, since pre-industrial times. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Global warming |
1,360 | In fact, the trend, while not statistically significant, is downward.” | Recent weekly data shows a downward trend for desktops. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Usage share of operating systems |
2,584 | Once the atmosphere reaches a saturation point, additional input of CO2 will not really have any major impact. | Other scientists were initially sceptical and believed the greenhouse effect to be saturated so that adding more CO 2 would make no difference. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Global warming |
821 | Societies do fall apart from war, disease or chaos. | In René Barjavel's novel Ravage (1943), written and published during the German occupation of France, a future France is devastated by the sudden failure of electricity, causing chaos, disease, and famine, with a small band of survivors desperately struggling for survival. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction |
1,130 | The record warm years of 2015 and 2016 were primarily caused by the super El Nino.’” | The Holocene has been identified with the current warm period, known as MIS 1. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Holocene |
2,834 | When stomata-derived CO2 (red) is compared to ice core-derived CO2 (blue), the stomata generally show much more variability in the atmospheric CO2 level and often show levels much higher than the ice cores. | One study using evidence from stomata of fossilized leaves suggests greater variability, with carbon dioxide mole fractions above 300 ppm during the period seven to ten thousand years ago, though others have argued that these findings more likely reflect calibration or contamination problems rather than actual CO 2 variability. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Greenhouse gas |
207 | Each of the six major past ice ages began when the atmospheric carbon dioxide content was far higher than at present. | It decomposes and turns into carbon dioxide (CO 2), which is released into the atmosphere. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Peat |
1,504 | Climate scientists say that aspects of the case of Hurricane Harvey suggest global warming is making a bad situation worse. | "Storm Harvey: impacts likely worsened due to global warming". | SUPPORTS | entailment | Hurricane Harvey |
275 | until temperature increases began to slow down after 1998 and remained relatively stable for a period of 15 years | An example of such an episode is the slower rate of surface temperature increase from 1998 to 2012, which was dubbed the global warming hiatus. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Global warming |
358 | Their analysis calculates the existential climate-related security risk to Earth through a scenario set 30 years into the future. | A global catastrophic risk is a hypothetical future event which could damage human well-being on a global scale, even crippling or destroying modern civilization. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Global issue |
1,973 | The carbon tax is partly to blame for the closure of Alcoa's Point Henry aluminium smelter. | In June 2013, Alcoa announced it would permanently close its Fusina primary aluminium smelter in Venice, Italy, where production had been curtailed since June 2010. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Alcoa |
1,724 | Lindzen and Choi’s paper is viewed as unacceptably flawed by other climate scientists. | This claim was criticized by climatologist Gavin Schmidt, Director of NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies, who notes the more generally-accepted understanding of the effects of the Iris effect and cites empirical cases where large and relatively rapid changes in the climate such as El Niño events, the Ultra-Plinian eruption of Mount Pinatubo in 1991, and recent trends in global temperature and water vapor levels to show that, as predicted in the generally-accepted view, water vapor increases as the temperature increases, and decreases as temperatures decrease. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Richard Lindzen |
3,064 | No warming since at least 1995, no melting glaciers and now no rising sea levels. | The Greenland Ice Sheet has experienced record melting in recent years since detailed records have been kept and is likely to contribute substantially to sea level rise as well as to possible changes in ocean circulation in the future if this is sustained. | REFUTES | contradiction | Greenland ice sheet |
3,102 | ...there [is] anecdotal and other evidence suggesting similar melts from 1938-43 and on other occasions. | They were formed by the melting of sulfur deposits at temperatures as low as 113 °C (235 °F). | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Lava |
2,024 | Wisconsin employers have repeatedly said in surveys that our anti-business litigation climate is one of the most important factors affecting their expansion decisions. | Walker enacted other bills promoting conservative governance, such as a right-to-work law, abortion restrictions, and legislation removing certain gun controls. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Wisconsin |
1,066 | […] in fact this pattern is already emerging, with the conditions that create extremely warm dry years and extremely wet years both becoming more frequent. | In other words, regions which are dry at present will generally become even drier, while regions that are currently wet will generally become even wetter. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Physical impacts of climate change |
809 | In the early 20th century, state and federal governments began aggressively fighting wildfires and trying to keep them as small as possible. | Nonetheless, large-scale conflicts continued throughout the West into the 1900s. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | United States |
240 | In 1990 the United Nation’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicted that temperatures would rise by 0.54F (0.3C) per decade. | Models referenced by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predict that global temperatures are likely to increase by 1.1 to 6.4 °C (2.0 to 11.5 °F) between 1990 and 2100. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Global warming controversy |
1,598 | Adapting to global warming is cheaper than preventing it. | Adaptation is especially important in developing countries since they are predicted to bear the brunt of the effects of global warming. | SUPPORTS | entailment | Global warming |
2,178 | Loehle and Scafetta find a 60 year cycle causing global warming | In a 2011 article published in The Open Atmospheric Science Journal ecologist Craig Loehle of the National Council for Air and Stream Improvement (a forest industry institution) and Scafetta forecast that the world climate "may remain approximately steady until 2030-2040, and may at most warm 0.5-1.0°C by 2100 at the estimated 0.66°C/century anthropogenic warming rate". | SUPPORTS | entailment | Nicola Scafetta |
822 | Climate policy must compete with other long-term threats for always-scarce resources.” | Depletion of natural resources including fresh water increases the likelihood of "resource wars". | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | Sustainability |
2,192 | The data suggests solar activity is influencing the global climate causing the world to get warmer." | The studies of historical data show the recent El Niño variation is most likely linked to global warming. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO | neutral | El Niño–Southern Oscillation |
Subsets and Splits