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Mhd Wasem Alsabbagh|Mark Lemstra|Dean T. Eurich|Lisa M. Lix|Thomas W. Wilson|Erin Watson|David Blackburn
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Socioeconomic Status and Nonadherence to Antihypertensive Drugs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
| 2,014 |
University of Saskatchewan|University of Saskatchewan|University of Alberta|University of Manitoba|Royal University Hospital|University of Saskatchewan|University of Saskatchewan
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although conventional wisdom suggests low socioeconomic status ses robust predictor medication nonadherence strength association remains unclear1 estimate proportion studies identified ses potential risk indicator nonadherence 2 describe type ses measurements 3 quantify association ses nonadherence antihypertensive pharmacotherapya systematic review metaanalysis research design used searched multiple electronic databases studies english french examining nonadherence antihypertensive medications measured electronic prescription databases explanatory factors considered two authors independently assessed quality described ses measures recorded association nonadherence antihypertensives randomeffects model metaanalysis performed heterogeneity examined using i2 statisticfiftysix studies 4780293 subjects met inclusion criteria twentyfour studies 43 report ses measures reported n 32 seven 13 examined one component none performed multidimensional assessment studies relied income incomerelated measures prescriptiondrug benefits copayments 27 32 84 metaanalysis could quantified 40 cohorts reported 30 studies overall pooled adjusted risk estimate nonadherence according ses high vs low 089 95 confidence interval 087092 i2 95 p 0001 similar patterns observed subgroups examinedpublished studies found strong association low ses nonadherence antihypertensive medications however important limitations assessment ses identified virtually studies future studies required ascertain whether stronger association observed ses determined comprehensive measures
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https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4465.2012.00326.x
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Joe Cox|Eun Young Oh|Brooke Simmons|Chris Lintott|Karen L. Masters|Anita Greenhill|Gary Graham|Kate Holmes
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Defining and Measuring Success in Online Citizen Science: A Case Study of Zooniverse Projects
| 2,015 |
University of Portsmouth|University of Portsmouth|University of Oxford|University of Oxford|University of Portsmouth|University of Manchester|University of Leeds|University of Manchester
|
although current literature highlights wide variety potential citizen science project outcomes prior studies systematically assessed performance comprehensive set criteria study reported first propose novel framework assessing citizen science projects multiple dimensions success authors apply framework sample projects form part online zooniverse platform position projects success matrix measures contribution science public engagement levels relative projects sample results indicate betterperforming projects tend established well area astronomy implications citizen science practitioners include need consider impact core competencies project performance well importance relationships central organization science teams
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-017-0716-7
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Kim Schildkamp|Cindy L. Poortman|Hans Luyten|Johanna Ebbeler
|
Factors promoting and hindering data-based decision making in schools
| 2,016 |
University of Twente|University of Twente|University of Twente|University of Twente
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although databased decision making lead improved student achievement data often used effectively schools paper therefore focuses conditions effective data use studied extent school organizational characteristics data characteristics user characteristics collaboration influenced data use 1 accountability 2 school development 3 instruction results hierarchical linear modeling hlm analysis largescale quantitative study n 1073 show average teachers appear score relatively high data use accountability school development regarding instruction however several data sources used yearly basis among factors investigated school organizational characteristics collaboration greatest influence teachers data use schools
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https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(18)30386-3
|
Jeffrey R. Watson|Richard L. Wolfel
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The Intersection of Language and Culture in Study Abroad: Assessment and Analysis of Study Abroad Outcomes
| 2,015 | null |
although defining interrelationship language culture study abroad sa experience extraordinarily difficult kasper amp omori 2007 researchers agree elusive link makes sa rewarding highly contextualized learning environment access native speech authentic sociocultural behaviors leads significant learning identitychanging experiences standpoint sa outcomes complex interrelationship seems demand multidimensional approach assessment program development might met viewing variables second language socialization sls perspective analyzing data 279 undergraduate participants 22 sa locations around world study suggests quantitative qualitative assessment measures language proficiency intercultural competence several socialization variables findings show areas statistical correlation among variables illuminate aspects language socialization sa implications future study evidencebased sa program development also given
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-015-0372-0
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Seth C. Kalichman|Christina M. Amaral|Chauncey Cherry|Jody Flanagan|Howard Pope|Lisa A. Eaton|Moira O. Kalichman|Demetria Cain|Mervi Detorio|Angela M. Caliendo|Raymond F. Schinazi
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Monitoring Medication Adherence by Unannounced Pill Counts Conducted by Telephone: Reliability and Criterion-Related Validity
| 2,008 |
University of Connecticut|University of Connecticut|University of Connecticut|University of Connecticut|University of Connecticut|University of Connecticut|University of Connecticut|University of Connecticut|Veterans Health Administration|Emory University|Veterans Health Administration|Emory University|Veterans Health Administration|Emory University
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although demonstrated valid monitoring medication adherence unannounced pill counts conducted patients homes costly logistically challenging telephonebased unannounced pill counts offer promising adaptation resolves limitations homebased pill countingwe tested reliability criterionrelated validity telephonebased unannounced pill count assessment antiretroviral adherencehivpositive men women n 89 atlanta georgia completed telephonebased unannounced pill count provided contemporaneous blood specimens obtain viral loads 68 participants also received immediate second pill count conducted unannounced home visita high degree concordance observed number pills counted telephone home intraclass correlation icc 981 p 001 percent pills taken icc 987 p 001 adherence obtained telephone count home count reached 92 agreement kappa coefficient 94 adherence determined telephonebased pill counts also corresponded patient viral load providing evidence criterionrelated validityunannounced telephonebased pill counts offer feasible objective method monitoring medication adherence
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https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13793
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Luís Costa|Diego Rybski|Jürgen P. Kropp
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A Human Development Framework for CO2 Reductions
| 2,011 |
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research|Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research|Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
|
although developing countries called participate co2 emission reduction efforts avoid dangerous climate change implications proposed reduction schemes human development standards developing countries remain matter debate show existence positive timedependent correlation human development index hdi per capita co2 emissions fossil fuel combustion employing empirical relation extrapolating hdi using three population scenarios cumulative co2 emissions necessary developing countries achieve particular hdi thresholds assessed following development usual approach dau current demographic development trends maintained estimate 2050 around 85 worlds population live countries high hdi 08 particular 300 gt cumulative co2 emissions 2000 2050 estimated necessary development 104 developing countries year 2000 value represents 20 30 previously calculated co2 budgets limiting global warming 2 c constraints results incorporated co2 reduction framework involving four domains climate action individual countries framework reserves fair emission path developing countries proceed development indexing countrydependent reduction rates proportional hdi order preserve 2 c target particular development threshold reached example time step five years countries hdi 085 would need reduce per capita emissions approx 17 countries hdi 09 33 approach global cumulative emissions 2050 estimated range 850 1100 gt co2 values within uncertainty range emissions limit global temperatures 2 c
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https://doi.org/10.1016/s0091-6749(99)70528-2
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Angela D. Thrasher|Jo Anne Earp|Carol E. Golin|Catherine Zimmer
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Discrimination, Distrust, and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among a National Sample of HIV-Infected Patients
| 2,008 |
University of California, San Francisco|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
|
although discriminatory health care experiences health care provider distrust shown associated health care disparities little known contribution racialethnic disparities antiretroviral therapy adherence therefore sought assess extent discriminatory health care experiences health care provider distrust influence treatmentrelated attitudes beliefs selfreported adherence national sample hivinfected patientsthis secondary analysis used data hiv cost services utilization study used structural equation modeling identify pathways minority status adherence discrimination distrust treatmentrelated attitudes beliefsthe sample 1886 participants completed baseline 2 followup interviews prescribed antiretroviral therapy second followup interview 54 white 28 black 14 hispanic 3 othersminorities less likely report perfect adherence whites 40 vs 50 p 0001 one third 40 participants reporting ever discriminatory health care experiences since hiv 24 completely almost completely trust health care providers effect minority status adherence persisted full model discrimination predicted greater distrust weaker treatment benefit beliefs turn poorer adherence distrust affected adherence increasing treatmentrelated psychological distress weakening treatment benefit beliefsthe relationship minority status adherence fully explained patientlevel factors future studies consider conceptualizing minority status contextual factor rather predictor
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https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci8060108
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Brian M. Starzomski|Bradley J. Cardinale|Jennifer A. Dunne|Melinda J. Hillery|Carrie A. Holt|Meg A. Krawchuk|Melissa Lage|Sean M. McMahon|Michael C. Melnychuk
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Contemporary Visions of Progress in Ecology and Thoughts for the Future
| 2,004 |
University of British Columbia|University of Wisconsin–Madison|Santa Fe Institute|Edith Cowan University|Simon Fraser University|University of Alberta|John Brown University|University of Tennessee at Knoxville|University of British Columbia
|
although ecological research progressing rapidly answers certain key questions continue elude usthis paper considers several contemporary challenges facing ecology1 terminology voluminous often poorly defined resulting inefficient communication2 concept scale affects inferences system structure function requiring us continue almost heuristic investigation breaks domains integrationnew tools explicitly incorporate scalar issues need developed progress take place field ecology3 increasingly expected applied questions solved less yearthis demand solutions ecologists often produces shortterm inadequate responses4 ecologists improve communication subdisciplines undergraduate students publichow ecology done future whomwe provide background observations questions offer potential solutions viewpoint young practicing ecologists
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https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2014.965368
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Dawn E. Alley|Kristen Suthers|Eileen M. Crimmins
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Education and Cognitive Decline in Older Americans
| 2,007 |
University of Pennsylvania|Action Network|University of Southern California
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although education consistently related better cognitive performance findings relationship education ageassociated cognitive change conflicting using measures multiple cognitive domains four waves asset health dynamics oldest old study representative sample americans aged 70 years older authors performed growth curve modeling examine relationships education initial cognitive score rate decline cognitive function years education linked better initial performance cognitive tests higher levels education linked slower decline mental status however education unrelated rate decline working memory education associated somewhat faster cognitive decline measures verbal memory findings highlight role earlylife experiences longterm cognitive performance also oldage cognitive trajectories
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001102
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Chin?Chung Tsai|Sunny S. J. Lin|Meng?Jung Tsai
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Developing an Internet Attitude Scale for high school students
| 2,001 |
National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University|National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University|Tunghai University
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although educators past decade developed various scales measuring students computer attitudes constructed scales specifically attitudes towards internet purpose study develop internet attitude scale high school students revising previous scale proposed selwyn 1997 selwyn n 1997 students attitudes toward computers validation computer attitude scale 1619 education computers education 281 3541 writing new items study developed internet attitude scale 18 items following four subscales perceived usefulness affection perceived control behavior study also explored gender differences scale relationship internet experience students responses scale research data gathered 753 taiwan high school students revealed students different gender various internet experiences show statistical differences perceptions toward potential usefulness internet subscale however male students tended express positive feeling lower anxiety higher confidence toward using internet female students students internet experience tended show similar positive attitudes less experience
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https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.12815
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Ingmar Heinig|Hans?Ulrich Wittchen|Susanne Knappe
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Help-Seeking Behavior and Treatment Barriers in Anxiety Disorders: Results from a Representative German Community Survey
| 2,021 |
TU Dresden|TU Dresden|TU Dresden
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although effective therapies exist treatment rates anxiety disorders ad low raising question affected individuals receive treatment provide data nationally representative german health interview examination survey2011 degs1 helpseeking behavior perceived treatment barriers 650 subjects diagnostic statistical manual mental disorders dsmiv ad 26 cases ad community reported contact mental health services anxiety problems lifetime 16 currently receiving professional help frequently psychotherapists 8 psychiatrists 5 general practitioners 5 40 cases never even considered seeking help 31 reported barriers treatment selfreliance 18 beliefs treatments ineffective 9 unavailable 8 stigmatizing 7 measures increase treatment rates thus target individual well public attitudes health literacy increase awareness access evidencebased interventions
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2012.02.017
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Jae Yol Lim|S. Y. Tang
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Urban E-Government Initiatives and Environmental Decision Performance in Korea
| 2,006 |
Korea Institute of Public Administration|University of Southern California|Southern California University for Professional Studies
|
although egovernment initiatives credited engines government reform empirical evidence insufficient determine effects public sector performance explore impact egovernment local governance article examines egovernment initiatives influence perceived performance environmental decision making urban context organizational contextual factors affect webaided decision performance data collected content analysis city government web sites nationwide survey city officials korea findings path analysis show 1 information technology leadership senior management web site quality key decision intelligence quality speed 2 egovernment web divide gap capability city web sites support public service delivery democratic interaction translates disparities environmental decision performance across cities additionally environmental activism significant factor shaping impact egovernment environmental decision making egovernment initiatives contribute local governance performance impacts vary depending web site quality entrepreneurial leadership public managers
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https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.161.13.1653
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Jennifer A. MacMullin|Yona Lunsky|Jonathan A. Weiss
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Plugged in: Electronics use in youth and young adults with autism spectrum disorder
| 2,015 |
York University|Centre for Addiction and Mental Health|York University
|
although electronic technology currently plays integral role youth growing concerns excessive compulsive use study documents patterns impact electronics use individuals autism spectrum disorder compared typically developing peers participants included 172 parents typically developing individuals 139 parents individuals autism spectrum disorder diagnosis ranging age 6 21 years parents completed online survey demographics frequency duration problematic patterns electronics use youth young adults individuals autism spectrum disorder reported use certain electronics often last month average day greater compulsive internet video game use individuals without autism spectrum disorder across samples males used video games often females compared parents individuals without autism spectrum disorder parents individuals autism spectrum disorder significantly likely report electronics use currently negative impact implications problematic electronics use individuals autism spectrum disorder discussed
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https://doi.org/10.2337/diaspect.23.4.220
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Sofia Karina Trommlerová|Stephan Klasen|Ortrud Leßmann
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Determinants of Empowerment in a Capability-Based Poverty Approach: Evidence from The Gambia
| 2,015 |
Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies|University of Göttingen|Helmut Schmidt University|Universität Hamburg
|
although empowerment intrinsically important instrumentally valuable escape poverty little research empirical drivers using householdlevel information advanced econometric techniques also address endogeneity issues examine empowers individuals gambia change lives affect changes communities find age gender marital status nationality economic activity health important determinants empowerment communal individual levels selfreported capabilities communal empowerment strongly affect respondents desire change things lives lastly find men foreigners people good health younger people report higher individual empowerment
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https://doi.org/10.1177/1086296x14535170
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Sheina Orbell|Ala Szczepura|David Weller|Anil Gumber|Martin S. Hagger
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South Asian ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and psychological mediators of faecal occult blood colorectal screening participation: A prospective test of a process model.
| 2,017 |
University of Essex|Health & Life (Taiwan)|Coventry (United Kingdom)|Glasgow Centre for Population Health|University of Edinburgh|Sheffield Hallam University|Speech Pathology Australia|Curtin University
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although ethnicity socioeconomic status ses correlate health inequality efforts explain variance health behavior attributable factors limited difficulties population sampling used ethnicity identification software test effects psychological beliefs screening mediators ethnicity ses faecal occult blood colorectal screening behavior nocost health care contextadults aged 5067 years n 1678 28 minority south asian religiolinguistic ethnic groups hindugujaratihindi muslimurdu sikhpunjabi participated prospective survey study subsequent screening participation determined medical recordsscreening nonparticipation deprived ses quintile 16 times least deprived quintile nonparticipation 16 times higher south asians compared nonasians process model psychological variables mediated effects ethnicity ses uptake tested using structural equation modeling selfefficacy perceived psychological costs screening respectively positive negative direct predictors uptake paths hindu muslim sikh ethnicity ses uptake fully mediated lower selfefficacy higher perceived psychological costs paths south asian ethnicity participation via selfefficacy psychological costs direct indirect via sesses implicated fully account low colorectal screening uptake among south asians targeting increased selfefficacy reduced perceived psychological costs may minimize health inequality effects future research test independent effects ses ethnicity lower selfefficacy higher psychological costs psycinfo database record
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https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105312440300
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Graham M. Jones
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Secrecy
| 2,014 |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
|
although expansions state secrecy countervailing leaks classified documents imbue anthropology secrecy urgent relevance secrecy longstanding status paradigmatically anthropological topic ethnographic record initiatory secrets often stand quiddity culture revelation concealed realities organizing trope much ethnographic writing situating research secrecy reflection epistemological ethical dimensions cultural anthropology broadly review simultaneously explores parallels different anthropological traditions focusing descriptions media social relations involving secrecy transacted attending ethnographic accounts way secrets travel across different media coexist simultaneously various mediated states provides novel intellectual framework surveying recent research basis conceptualizing anthropology secrecy practice involves intermedial transmedial knowledge flows
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https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.294.5.580
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Darcey M. Sims|Christopher J. Lonigan
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Inattention, Hyperactivity, and Emergent Literacy: Different Facets of Inattention Relate Uniquely to Preschoolers' Reading-Related Skills
| 2,013 |
Florida State University|Florida State University
|
although extant studies indicate strong association attention deficithyperactivity disorder reading ability elementary school children knowledge regarding relation inattentive hyperactiveimpulsive behaviors emergent literacy preschool children less established study examined unique overlapping relations measures assess inattention hyperactivityimpulsivity emergent literacy skills preschool children participants included 204 preschool children age 56 months 509 female 798 european american behavioral rating scales completed teachers continuous performance test cpt test preschool early literacy completed preschoolers across measures inattention unique correlate emergent literacy skills whereas hyperactivityimpulsivity rating scales cpt indices inattention uniquely associated emergent literacy skills results suggest measures assessing different manifestations inattention unique correlates early reading skills
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https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200409-1291oc
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Kathleen Deering|P Bhattacharjee|Janet Bradley|Stephen Moses|Kate Shannon|Souradet Y. Shaw|Reynold Washington|Catherine M Lowndes|Marie?Claude Boily|Banadakoppa M Ramesh|S Rajaram|Kaveri Gurav|Michel Alary
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Condom use within non-commercial partnerships of female sex workers in southern India
| 2,011 |
University of British Columbia|Karnataka Health Promotion Trust|Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec|University of Manitoba|AIDS Vancouver|University of British Columbia|University of Manitoba|Karnataka Health Promotion Trust|Imperial College London|Karnataka Health Promotion Trust|Karnataka Health Promotion Trust|Karnataka Health Promotion Trust|Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec
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although female sex workers fsws report high levels condom use commercial sex clients particularly targeted hiv preventive interventions implemented condom use often low noncommercial partners limited understanding regarding factors influence condom use fsws noncommercial partners programs designed increase condom use partners main objectives study therefore describe fsws selfreported noncommercial partners along interpersonal factors characterizing noncommercial partnerships examine factors associated consistent condom use ccu within noncommercial partnerships study used data collected crosssectional questionnaires administered 988 fsws four districts karnataka state 200607 used bivariate multivariable logistic regression analysis examine relationship ccu ie always compared never sometimes frequently noncommercial partners fsws including respondents husband main cohabiting partner married recent nonpaying partner neither husband main cohabiting partner fsw sex within previous year interpersonal factors describing partnerships well social environmental factors weighting survey methods used account cluster sampling design overall 511 518 fsws reported husband cohabiting partner 247 237 reported nonpaying partner ccu partners low 226 403 respectively multivariable analysis odds ccu fsws husband cohabiting partner 18fold higher fsws whose partner knew sex worker adjusted odds ratio aor 184 95 confidence intervalsci 102332 almost 6fold higher fsw unmarried aor 573 95ci 2791176 ccu fsws nonpaying partner decreased 18 oneyear increase duration relationship aor 082 95ci 068097 study revealed important patterns interpersonal determinants condom use within noncommercial partnerships fsws integrated structural communitydriven hivsti prevention programs focus gender reduce sex work stigma investigated increase condom use noncommercial partnerships
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https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03213073
|
David Reilly
|
Gender, Culture, and Sex-Typed Cognitive Abilities
| 2,012 |
Griffith University
|
although gender differences cognitive abilities frequently reported magnitude differences whether hold practical significance educational outcomes boys girls highly debated furthermore gender gaps reading mathematics science literacy reported often attributed innate biological differences rather social cultural factors crosscultural evidence may contribute debate study reports national gender differences reading mathematics science literacy 65 nations participating 2009 round programme international student assessment pisa consistently across nations girls outperform boys reading literacy 44 boys outperform girls mathematics usa 22 across oecd nations 13 science literacy usa showed largest gender difference across oecd nations 14 gender differences across oecd nations nonsignificant small female advantage found nonoecd nations 09 across three domains differences pronounced tails distribution low highachievers considerable crosscultural variability also observed national gender differences correlated gender equity measures economic prosperity hofstedes cultural dimension power distance educational societal implications gender gaps addressed well mechanisms gender differences cognitive abilities culturally mediated
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https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022294
|
David Reilly|David L. Neumann
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Gender-Role Differences in Spatial Ability: A Meta-Analytic Review
| 2,013 |
Griffith University|Griffith University
|
although genderrelated differences highly gender typed cognitive abilities considerable interest educators cognitive researchers alike relatively little progress made understanding psychological processes lead nash 1979 proposed genderrole mediation hypothesis differences particular emphasis spatial ability however changes gender equality gender stereotypes decades since merit reexamination whether genderrole association still holds feingold 1988 metaanalysis 12 studies examined genderrole identity mental rotation performance conducted included studies united kingdom canada poland croatia united states america mean effect size masculinity r 30 men r 23 women association found femininity mental rotation effect size slightly larger found previously signorella jamison 1986 exceeds many factors known influence spatial ability implications genderrole mediation gender differences discussed future research directions identified
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https://doi.org/10.1017/s136672891700075x
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Anne Virtanen|Päivi Tynjälä
|
Factors explaining the learning of generic skills: a study of university students’ experiences
| 2,018 |
Research Institute of the Finnish Economy|University of Jyväskylä|Research Institute of the Finnish Economy|University of Jyväskylä
|
although generic skills received widespread attention policymakers educationalists little known regarding students acquire skills best taught
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100311
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Aparna Sundaram|Fátima Juárez|Akinrinola Bankole|Susheela Singh
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Factors Associated with Abortion?Seeking and Obtaining a Safe Abortion in Ghana
| 2,012 |
Guttmacher Institute|Guttmacher Institute|Guttmacher Institute
|
although ghanas abortion law fairly liberal unsafe abortion consequences remain among largest contributors maternal mortality country study analyzes data 2007 ghana maternal health survey identify sociodemographic profiles women seek induce abortion able obtain safe abortion services hypothesize women access safe abortion distributed randomly across different social groups ghana rather access influenced social economic factors results confirm hypothesis reveal women vulnerable unsafe abortions younger poorer lack partner support study concludes policy recommendations improving access safe abortion subgroups women especially vulnerable
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https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.328
|
Éva Marjorie Couture|Maud?Christine Chouinard|Martin Fortin|Catherine Hudon
|
The relationship between health literacy and quality of life among frequent users of health care services: a cross-sectional study
| 2,017 |
Université de Sherbrooke|Université du Québec à Chicoutimi|Université de Sherbrooke|Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke
|
although health literacy quality life important concepts health care link unclear especially population frequent users health care services chronic diseases low health literacy common problem linked several negative health outcomes quality life important health outcome patientcentered care frequent users health care services vulnerable population deserves attention due high costs negative outcomes lower quality life higher mortality objective study examine relationship health literacy physical mental components quality life among frequent users health care services chronic diseasesthis study presents crosssectional analysis data collected v1sages project randomized controlled trial effectiveness case management intervention primary care quebec canada participants n 247 frequent users health care services presenting least one chronic condition health literacy measured newest vital sign nvs physical mental components quality life evaluated short form health survey version 2 sf12v2 association health literacy independent variable physical mental components quality life examined using biserial correlationno association found health literacy quality life physical component r 0108 011 mental component r 0147 015this study suggests relationship health literacy physical mental components quality life among frequent users health care servicesnct01719991 registered october 25 2012
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https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102091
|
Margaret E Kruk|Anna Gage|Catherine Arsenault|Keely Jordan|Hannah H Leslie|Sanam Roder?DeWan|Olusoji Adeyi|Pierre Barker|Bernadette Daelmans|Svetlana Vladislavovna Doubova|Mike English|Ezequiel García Elorrio|Frederico Guanais|Oye Gureje|Lisa R. Hirschhorn|Lixin Jiang|Edward Kelley|Ephrem Tekle Lemango|Jerker Liljestrand|Address Malata|Tanya Marchant|Malebona Precious Matsoso|John G. Meara|Manoj Mohanan|Youssoupha Ndiaye|Ole Frithjof Norheim|K. Srinath Reddy|Alexander K. Rowe|Joshua A. Salomon|Gagan Thapa|Nana A.Y. Twum?Danso|Muhammad Ali Pate
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High-quality health systems in the Sustainable Development Goals era: time for a revolution
| 2,018 |
Harvard University|Harvard University|Harvard University|New York College of Health Professions|New York University|Harvard University|Harvard University|World Bank|Institute for Healthcare Improvement|World Health Organization|Mexican Social Security Institute|Kenya Medical Research Institute|Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria|Inter-American Development Bank|University of Ibadan|Northwestern University|World Health Organization|Government of Ethiopia|Federal Ministry of Health|Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation|Malawi University of Science and Technology|London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine|Department of Health|Harvard Global Health Institute|Harvard University|Duke University|University of Bergen|Public Health Foundation of India|Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria|Center for Global Health|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|Stanford Medicine
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although health outcomes improved lowincome middleincome countries lmics past several decades new reality hand changing health needs growing public expectations ambitious new health goals raising bar health systems produce better health outcomes greater social value staying current trajectory suffice meet demands needed highquality health systems optimise health care given context consistently delivering care improves maintains health valued trusted people responding changing population needs
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https://doi.org/10.1177/1474904116645111
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Sibel Altin|Stephanie Stock
|
Impact of health literacy, accessibility and coordination of care on patient’s satisfaction with primary care in Germany
| 2,015 |
University Hospital Cologne|University Hospital Cologne
|
although health policy makers call transformation health care organizations health literacy responsive ones limited evidence care experiences patients limited health literacy skills hl respect health care quality explored hl patientreported experiences regarding access care support carecoordination primary care organizations pco impact patients satisfaction care received personal general practitioner gp nationwide representative survey administered random sample 1125 german adults binary logistic regression analyses performed determine whether hl perceived access coordination care associated satisfaction care received primary care adjusting demographics health status unadjusted well adjusted model better accessibility primary care practice 1858 2032 p 0001 frequent support care coordination general practitioner 2680 2820 p 0001 well sufficient hl 0888 1228 p 005 independent predictors higher satisfaction care received general practice german adults sufficient hl positive experiences regarding care coordination access care satisfied care received personal general practitioner result major importance primary care organizations intending transform processes structures respond health literacy needs patients effectively
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https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhp024
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Giuliana Ferrante|Amelia Licari|Gian Luigi Marseglia|Stefania La Grutta
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Digital health interventions in children with asthma
| 2,020 |
University of Palermo|Policlinico San Matteo Fondazione|Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico|University of Pavia|Policlinico San Matteo Fondazione|Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico|University of Pavia|Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation|National Research Council
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although healthcare providers actively involved offering education information interventions asthmatic patients medication therapeutic adherence remain low paediatric population estimates suggesting adherence rates hover 50 range available digital health interventions explored paediatric asthma promising variable results limiting widespread adoption clinical practice include emerging technologies yield advantage tracking asthma symptoms medications setting drug reminders improving inhaler technique delivering asthma education serious games video games designed medical healthrelated purposes electronic monitoring devices speech recognition calls text messaging mobile apps interactive websites proposed digital interventions used multiple components including educational behavioural strategies interactions medical professionals overall implementation interventions may offer opportunity improve adherence asthma control state emergency covid19 pandemic telemedicine also play central role supporting physicians managing children asthma review evaluates published literature examining digital health interventions paediatric asthma explores relevant issues affecting implementation practice associated evidence gaps research limitations future research perspectives
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https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/aws276
|
Andrea J. Apter|Susan Reisine|Glenn Affleck|Erik Barrows|Richard ZuWallack
|
The influence of demographic and socioeconomic factors on health-related quality of life in asthma
| 1,999 |
University of Connecticut Health Center
|
although healthrelated quality life hrql asthma strongly influenced disease severity demographic socioeconomic variables may also important factorswe related demographics asthma severity socioeconomic factors hrqlwe interviewed 50 patients moderate severe asthma recruited outpatient health centerbased clinics determine demographics socioeconomic status asthma severity medication use hrql hrql mean total score asthma quality life questionnaire aqlq medical outcomes study shortform 36 questionnaires physical mental component summary scores pcs mcs respectively usedthe mean patient age 46 14 years fev1 75 21 predicted value twentynine subjects hospitalized asthma 29 belonged minority racialethnic group 16 less 12 years education mean total aqlq score 412 142 pcs 37 10 mcs 45 13 univariate analyses severity nighttime awakenings prednisone use history emergency department visits racialethnic group african american white hispanic socioeconomic status low educational level unemployed family income 20000 public assistance health insurance related hrql factors explained 67 variance aqlq 48 variance pcs much quality life variance shared among variables explanatory variables related mcs multivariate analysissocioeconomic status additional important independent factor influencing hrql asthma study difficult separate unique effects socioeconomic status raceethnicity
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https://doi.org/10.1089/dia.2010.0058
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Shervin Assari|Frederick X. Gibbons|Ronald L. Simons
|
Depression among Black Youth; Interaction of Class and Place
| 2,018 |
University of California, Los Angeles|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of Connecticut|University of Georgia
|
although high socioeconomic status ses traditionally conceptualized health protective factor recent literature documented positive associations ses eg income depression among blacks including black youth extend results recent literature current study used family community health study fachs data examine multiplicative effects gender place ses average depressive symptoms black youth long period time fachs 19972017 followed 889 black children aged 1012 years old 18 years depressive symptoms measured seven waves main predictors interest two ses indicators parent education family income measured baseline 1997 main outcome interest average depressive symptoms 18 year follow period place residence gender focal moderators linear regression models used data analysis pooled sample living predominantly white area associated higher average depressive symptoms time however association fully explained higher perceived racial discrimination predominantly white areas found interaction income place residence average depressive symptoms suggesting higher income associated depressive symptoms predominantly white compared predominantly black areas place interact parent education average depressive symptoms gender also interact education income depressive symptoms findings suggest place ses may interact depressive symptoms black youth high income becoming risk factor depressive symptoms predominantly white areas ses indicators income protect become risk factor depend contextual factors place residence need reduce discrimination experienced blacks especially predominantly white areas meanwhile black youth live predominantly white areas may require additional help enhances coping
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https://doi.org/10.2215/cjn.09761110
|
Francisco Soto Más|Ming Ji|Brenda O Fuentes|Josefina Tinajero
|
The Health Literacy and ESL Study: A Community-Based Intervention for Spanish-Speaking Adults
| 2,015 |
University of New Mexico|University of South Florida|The University of Texas at El Paso|The University of Texas at El Paso
|
although hispanics documented high risk limited health literacy scarcity research population group particularly hispanic immigrants generally confront language barriers related low health literacy national action plan improve health literacy identified communitybased englishlanguage instruction strategy facilitate health literate society however literature lacks discussion type intervention randomized control trial aimed test feasibility using conventional englishasasecondlanguage esl instruction improving health literacy among spanishspeaking adults objectives included development implementation evaluation health literacyesl curriculum test functional health literacy adults tofhla english used assess health literacy levels analyses included independent sample test chisquare multiple linear regression total 155 people participated results showed significantly higher increase tofhla posttest score intervention group p 01 noticeable differences health literacy levels groups results indicate esl constitutes promising venue improving health literacy among spanishspeaking adults incorporating health literacyrelated content may provide additional benefits
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https://doi.org/10.19030/cier.v2i2.1094
|
Augustine Choko|Nicola Desmond|Emily L. Webb|Kondwani Chavula|Sue Napierala|Charlotte A. Gaydos|Simon D Makombe|Treza Chunda|S. Bertel Squire|Neil French|Victor Mwapasa|Elizabeth L. Corbett
|
The Uptake and Accuracy of Oral Kits for HIV Self-Testing in High HIV Prevalence Setting: A Cross-Sectional Feasibility Study in Blantyre, Malawi
| 2,011 |
Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme|University of Liverpool|University of Liverpool|Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine|Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme|London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine|Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme|University of Liverpool|London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins University|Ministry of Health|Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme|University of Liverpool|Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine|London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine|Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme|University of Liverpool|London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine|Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme|University of Liverpool
|
although hiv testing counseling htc uptake increased dramatically africa facilitybased services unlikely ever meet ongoing need full major constraint scaling community homebased htc services unacceptability receiving htc provider known personally prospective clients investigated potential supervised oral hiv selftesting perspectiveadult members 60 households 72 members community peer groups urban blantyre malawi selected using populationweighted random cluster sampling participants offered selftesting plus confirmatory htc parallel testing two rapid fingerprick blood tests standard htc alone testing 283 956 298 selected adults participated including 136 480 men 175 618 previously tested 19 known hiv positive although 64 215 within last year hiv prevalence 185 among 260 919 opted selftest brief demonstration illustrated instructions accuracy 992 two false negatives although 985 rated test hard 100 made minor procedural errors 100 required extra help participants indicated willingness accept selftest kits htc neighbor acceptability 945 versus 468 p 0001oral supervised selftesting highly acceptable accurate although minor errors need supervisory support common novel option potential high uptake local community level supervised safely linked counseling care
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-14-285
|
Kirti Iyengar|Marie Klingberg?Allvin|Sharad Iyengar|Mandira Paul|Birgitta Essén|Kristina Gemzell Danielsson
|
Home use of misoprostol for early medical abortion in a low resource setting: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
| 2,015 |
Karolinska University Hospital|Karolinska Institutet|India Health Action Trust|Karolinska University Hospital|Karolinska Institutet|Dalarna University|India Health Action Trust|Uppsala University Hospital|Uppsala University Hospital|Karolinska University Hospital|Karolinska Institutet
|
although home use misoprostol early medical abortion considered safe effective feasible become standard service delivery practice aim study compare efficacy safety acceptability home use misoprostol clinic misoprostol lowresource settingthis secondary analysis randomized controlled trial conducted six primary care clinics india women seeking medical abortion within nine gestational weeks n 731 received mifepristone clinic allocated either home clinic administration misoprostol followup contact 1015 daysof 731 participants 73 rural areas 55 formal education complete abortion rates home clinic misoprostol groups 942 944 respectively rate adverse events similar groups 03 greater proportion home users 902 said would opt misoprostol home event future abortion compared clinic users 797 would opt misoprostol clinic similar situation p 00002 ninetysix percent women using misoprostol home clinic satisfied abortion experiencehomeuse misoprostol early medical abortion effective acceptable clinic use low resource settings women offered choice option regardless distance residence clinic communication facilities
|
https://doi.org/10.1177/000494411005400204
|
Emile Bruneau|Rebecca Saxe
|
The power of being heard: The benefits of ‘perspective-giving’ in the context of intergroup conflict
| 2,012 | null |
although hundreds dialogue programs geared towards conflict resolution offered every year scientific studies effectiveness across 2 studies examined effect controlled dyadic interactions attitudes towards members groups involved ideological conflict study 1 involved mexican immigrants white americans arizona study 2 involved israelis palestinians middle east crossgroup dyads interacted via video text brief structured facetoface exchange one person assigned write difficulties life society perspectivegiving second person assigned accurately summarize statement first person perspectivetaking positive changes attitudes towards outgroup greater mexican immigrants palestinians perspectivegiving white americans israelis perspectivetaking palestinians perspectivegiving israeli effectively changed attitudes towards israelis control condition wrote essay topic without interacting effect attitudes illustrating critical role heard thus effects dialogue conflict resolution depend interaction dialogue condition participants group membership may reflect power asymmetries
|
https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670514559001
|
Christopher D. Miller|Lawrence Phillips|David C. Ziemer|Daniel L. Gallina|Curtiss B. Cook|Imad M. El?Kebbi
|
Hypoglycemia in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
| 2,001 |
Emory University|Emory University|Emory University|Emory University|Endocrinology Research Center|Emory University
|
although hypoglycemia common complication intensive diabetes therapy little information risk factors hypoglycemia patients type 2 diabetes mellitusto determine prevalence predisposing factors hypoglycemia patients type 2 diabetesretrospective crosssectional analysis set outpatient specialty diabetes clinic included patients baseline followup visits april 1 october 31 1999 hypoglycemia defined typical symptoms relieved eating andor blood glucose level less 60 mgdl 33 mmoll univariate multivariate logistic regression used determine contributions hypoglycemia age sex diabetes duration body mass index calculated weight kilograms divided square height meters fasting plasma glucose level glycosylated hemoglobin hba1c level type therapy previous episodes followup visitwe studied 1055 patients prevalence hypoglycemic symptoms 12 976 patients treated diet alone 16 56346 using oral agents alone 30 193633 using insulin p001 severe hypoglycemia occurred 5 patients 05 using insulin multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated insulin therapy lower hba1c level followup younger age report hypoglycemia baseline visit independently associated increased prevalence hypoglycemia significant predictors severe hypoglycemiamild hypoglycemia common patients type 2 diabetes undergoing aggressive diabetes management severe hypoglycemia rare concerns hypoglycemia deter efforts achieve tight glycemic control patients type 2 diabetes
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0027-9684(15)30772-0
|
Andrea Wallace
|
Low Health Literacy: Overview, Assessment, and Steps Toward Providing High-Quality Diabetes Care
| 2,010 |
University of Iowa
|
although hypotheses link literacy health outcomes published 1980s1 potential consequences limited literacy us health care settings brought attention larger clinical health policy communities study published 1995 landmark study researchers revealed dramatic statistics twothirds patients seen public hospitals united states unable comprehend key health information take medication schedule followup appointment2 hundreds studies since explored patients ability read comprehend written information encountered health care settings independently associated variety poorer health outcomesbecause low literacy common among vulnerable populations racial ethnic minorities elderly people patients chronic conditions seeking care public systems likely contributes disproportionate burden diseaserelated problems among disadvantaged vulnerable populations3 fact literacy considered role race health disparities decreases dramatically45with estimated 40 adults united states lessthanfunctional literacy6 addressing health literacy moved forefront several policy agendas aimed improving health care quality outcomesdespite growing literature topic definitions constitutes literacy health care settings continue developed refined one commonly used definitions literacy put forth us department education defines functional literacy ability use reading writing computational skills level adequate meet needs everyday situations7but commonly recognized literacy health care settings also called health literacy encompasses many unique skills functionally
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13171
|
David D. Paige|Timothy V. Rasinski|Theresa Magpuri?Lavell|Grant Smith
|
Interpreting the Relationships Among Prosody, Automaticity, Accuracy, and Silent Reading Comprehension in Secondary Students
| 2,014 |
Bellarmine University|Kent State University|Bellarmine University|Bellarmine University
|
although identified critical component proficient reading primary grades reading fluency word recognition accuracy automaticity prosody often viewed less important beyond early stages reading acquisition present study 108 ninthgrade students assessed explore relationships among word recognition accuracy automaticity prosody vocabulary silent reading comprehension results found large correlations among variables regression analysis revealed accuracy prosody vocabulary explained 501 527 variance silent reading comprehension note findings word recognition automaticity contribute silent reading comprehension although prosody found act partial mediator automaticity comprehension accuracy automaticity prosody found form highly reliable scale reflecting oral reading fluency findings contribute growing body evidence suggesting secondary students exhibiting appropriate prosody experience advantages comprehension processing tandem theory reading introduced explain relationship automaticity comprehension
|
https://doi.org/10.1145/6138.6143
|
Arun Mohan|Matthew Riley|Dane R Boyington|Sunil Kripalani
|
Illustrated medication instructions as a strategy to improve medication management among Latinos: A qualitative analysis
| 2,012 |
Emory University|Vanderbilt University
|
although illustrated medication instructions may improve medication management among vulnerable populations little prior research evaluated use among latinos conducted focus groups interviews latino patients diabetes two safety net clinics tennessee understand medication taking practices perceptions illustrated medication instructions patients reported confidence able take medications demonstrated lack understanding medication instructions probing described several barriers effective medication management rooted poor communication patients expressed preference illustrated medication instructions could address several challenges raised patients
|
https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mul001
|
Metin Ba?o?lu|Maria Livanou|C. Crnobari?|Tanja Fran?iškovi?|Enra Sulji?|D Duri?|Melin Vranesi?
|
Psychiatric and Cognitive Effects of War in Former Yugoslavia
| 2,005 |
King's College London|University of London|Universidad de Londres
|
although impunity responsible trauma widely thought associated psychological problems survivors political violence study yet investigated issueto examine mental health cognitive effects war trauma appraisal redress trauma beliefs justice safety people war cause religion relate posttraumatic stress responses war survivorsa crosssectional survey conducted march 2000 july 2002 populationbased sample 1358 war survivors experienced least 1 warrelated stressor combat torture internal displacement refugee experience siege andor aerial bombardment 4 sites former yugoslavia accessed linkage sampling control groups 2 study sites matched survivors sex age educationsemistructured interview survivors war redress trauma survivors questionnaire emotions beliefs war questionnaire structured clinical interview diagnostic statistical manual mental disorders fourth edition dsmivthe mean sd age 39 12 years 806 59 men 339 25 high school higher level education participants reported experiencing mean 126 warrelated events 292 22 451 33 current lifetime posttraumatic stress disorder ptsd respectively 129 10 current major depression total 1074 79 survivors reported sense injustice relation perceived lack redress trauma perceived impunity held responsible trauma one factors associated sense injustice relative controls survivors stronger emotional responses impunity greater fear loss control life less belief benevolence people greater loss meaning war cause stronger faith god higher rates ptsd depression fear loss control life associated ptsd depression odds ratio 291 95 ci 227374 230 95 ci 175303 respectively emotional responses impunity showed relatively weaker association ptsd 153 95 ci 116202 depression 139 95 ci 102191 appraisal redress trauma associated ptsd depressionptsd depression war survivors appear independent sense injustice arising perceived lack redress trauma fear threat safety loss control life appeared important mediating factors ptsd depression findings may important implications reconciliation efforts postwar countries effective interventions traumatized war survivors
|
https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244012440813
|
Michael K. Paasche?Orlow|Kristin A. Riekert|Andrew Bilderback|Arjun Chanmugam|Peter Hill|Cynthia S. Rand|Fred Brancati|Jerry A. Krishnan
|
Tailored Education May Reduce Health Literacy Disparities in Asthma Self-Management
| 2,005 |
Boston University|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Boston University|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Boston University|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Boston University|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Boston University|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Boston University|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Boston University|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Boston University|Johns Hopkins University
|
although inadequate health literacy associated lower asthma medication knowledge worse metereddose inhaler mdi technique relationship health literacy capacity learn asthma selfmanagement skills unknownin prospective cohort study adults hospitalized severe asthma exacerbations two innercity hospitals examined relationship inadequate health literacy difficulties learning retaining instructions discharge medications appropriate mdi techniqueat hospital discharge participants received oneonone 30min guidelinebased written oral instruction asthma discharge regimen well appropriate mdi techniqueseventythree patients enrolled inadequate health literacy identified 16 22 participants instruction inadequate health literacy associated lower asthma medication knowledge 5210 vs 7210 p 0001 worse mdi technique 326 vs 396 p 003 however inadequate health literacy associated difficulty learning p 033 retaining p 035 instructions discharge regimen similarly inadequate health literacy associated difficulty learning p 026 retaining p 097 appropriate mdi technique results similar multivariable models adjusted demographic characteristics asthma severity indicatorsthese findings suggest inadequate health literacy surmountable barrier learning remembering key asthma selfmanagement skills
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/chso.12140
|
Lou Ann Gerken|Walter D. Murphy|Richard ?. Aslin
|
Three- and four-year-olds’ perceptual confusions for spoken words
| 1,995 |
University at Buffalo, State University of New York|Vanderbilt University|University of Rochester
|
although infants ability discriminate variety speech contrasts young children cannot always use ability service spokenword recognition research reported asked whether reason young children sometimes fail discriminate minimal word pairs less efficient word recognition adults whether employ different lexical representations particular research evaluated proposal young childrens lexical representations holistic adults based overall acousticphonetic properties opposed phonetic segments three fouryearolds exposed initially invariant target word subsequently asked determine whether series auditory stimuli matched match target critical test stimuli nonwords varied degree phonetic featural overlap target well terms positions within stimuli differed target whether differed target one two segments data four experiments demonstrated frequency children mistook nonword stimulus target influenced extent featural overlap word position data also showed contrary predictions holistic hypothesis stimuli differing target two features single segment confused target often stimuli differing single feature two segments finding suggests children use phonetic features segments accessing mental lexicons therefore much similar adults suggested holistic hypothesis
|
https://doi.org/10.1177/107327480301005s04
|
Eve B. Carlson|Steve R. Smith|Patrick A. Palmieri|Constance J. Dalenberg|Josef I. Ruzek|Rachel Kimerling|Thomas A. Burling|David A. Spain
|
Development and validation of a brief self-report measure of trauma exposure: The Trauma History Screen.
| 2,011 |
National Center for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder|Summa Health System|Alliant International University|National Center for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder|National Center for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder|VA Palo Alto Health Care System|Stanford University
|
although information individuals exposure highly stressful events traumatic stressors often useful clinicians researchers available measures long complex use many settings trauma history screen ths developed provide brief easytocomplete selfreport measure exposure high magnitude stressor hms events events associated significant persisting posttraumatic distress ppd measure assesses frequency hms ppd events provides detailed information ppd events testretest reliability studied four samples temporal stability good excellent items trauma types excellent overall hms ppd scores comprehensibility items supported expert ratings well items appeared understood participants relatively low reading levels five samples construct validity supported findings strong convergent validity longer measure trauma exposure correlations hms ppd scores posttraumatic stress disorder ptsd symptoms psychometric properties ths appear comparable better longer complex measures trauma exposure
|
https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyl164
|
Danijela Trenkic|Meesha Warmington
|
Language and literacy skills of home and international university students: How different are they, and does it matter?
| 2,018 |
University of Sheffield|University of York|University of Sheffield|University of York
|
although international students experience lower attainment university home students morrison et al 2005 reasons poorly understood question role language proficiency international students come required language qualifications study investigated language literacy international students successfully met language entry requirements home students matched nonverbal cognition studying native language sample 63 chinese 64 british students uk university large significant group differences found entry eight months later furthermore language literacy indicators explained 51 variance chinese groups grades without predicting home students achievement thus language proficiency appears predictive academic outcomes certain threshold reached threshold correspond minimum language entry requirements highlights systematic disadvantage many international students pursue education
|
https://doi.org/10.1093/her/cyn062
|
Md. Saiful Islam|Md. Safaet Hossain Sujan|Rafia Tasnim|Most. Zannatul Ferdous|Jakir Hossain Bhuiyan Masud|Sourav Kundu|Abu Syed Md. Mosaddek|M. S. K. Choudhuri|Ka?an K?rcaburun|Mark D. Griffiths
|
Problematic internet use among young and adult population in Bangladesh: Correlates with lifestyle and online activities during the COVID-19 pandemic
| 2,020 |
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute|Jahangirnagar University|Jahangirnagar University|Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute|Jahangirnagar University|Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute|Jahangirnagar University|Child Health Research Foundation|Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology|Uttara University|Jahangirnagar University|United States Pharmacopeial Convention|Nottingham Trent University|Nottingham Trent University
|
although internet use boost individuals quality life various aspects activities internet eg gambling video gaming social media use pornography use etc used coping strategy deal psychological stressors mood states eg fear anxiety depression particularly global covid19 pandemicthe present study assessed problematic internet use piu among bangladeshi youth adults bangladesh examined correlation lifestyle online activities covid19 pandemican online crosssectional survey utilized may june 2020 comprising 13525 bangladeshi individuals 613 male age range 1850 years mean age 237 years recruited various online platforms selfreport survey included questions concerning sociodemographics lifestyle online activities covid19 pandemic well psychometric scales nineitem internet disorder scaleshort form ids9sfutilizing hierarchical regression analysis problematic internet use significantly positively associated younger higher level education living nuclear family engaging less physical exercise avoiding household chores playing online videogames social media use engaging recreational online activitiesexcessive internet use appears commonplace covid19 pandemic period young adults vulnerable problematic internet use
|
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-006-0078-z
|
Mary Catherine Beach
|
Do Patients Treated With Dignity Report Higher Satisfaction, Adherence, and Receipt of Preventive Care?
| 2,005 |
General Department of Preventive Medicine|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics
|
although involving patients health care known associated improved outcomes study conducted determine whether respecting persons broadly treating dignity additional positive effectsusing data commonwealth fund 2001 health care quality survey 6722 adults living united states performed surveyweighted logistic regression analysis evaluate independent associations 2 measures respect involvement decisions treatment dignity patient outcomes satisfaction adherence receipt optimal preventive care calculated adjusted probabilities outcomes performed stratified analyses examine results across racialethnic groupsafter adjustment respondents demographic characteristics probability reporting high level satisfaction higher treated dignity vs treated dignity 070 vs 038 p 001 involved versus involved decisions 070 vs 039 p 001 associations consistent across racialethnic groups involved decisions significantly associated adherence whites whereas treated dignity significantly associated adherence racialethnic minorities probability receiving optimal preventive care marginally greater treated dignity 068 vs 063 p 054 differ respect involvement decisions 067 vs 067 p 95being treated dignity involved decisions independently associated positive outcomes although involving patients decisions important part respecting patient autonomy also important respect patients broadly treating dignity
|
https://doi.org/10.2147/copd.s3036
|
Margarita Echeverri|David V. Anderson|Anna María Nápoles|Jacqueline Haas|Marc E Johnson|Friar Sergio A Serrano
|
Cancer Health Literacy and Willingness to Participate in Cancer Research and Donate Bio-Specimens
| 2,018 |
Xavier University of Louisiana|Xavier University of Louisiana|National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities|Advisory Board Company (United States)|Advisory Board Company (United States)|Advisory Board Company (United States)
|
although well documented poor health literacy associated limited participation cancer clinical trials studies assessing relationships cancer health literacy chl participation research among diverse populations lacking study examined relationship chl willingness participate cancer research andor donate biospecimens wprdb among african americans latinos whites participants completed cancer health literacy test multidimensional cancer literacy questionnaire totalscale subscale scores frequencies means distributions computed analyses variance bonferroni procedure holm method used examine significant differences among groups cronbachs alphas estimated scales internal consistency reliability significant interactions found raceethnicity gender chl wprdb scales subscale scores even education age taken account study confirms chl plays important role considered researched majority participants willing participate noninvasive research studies surveys interviews training collection biospecimens saliva check cells urine blood studies led healthcare providers local hospitals universities however participants less willing participate moreinvasive studies requiring take medications undergo medical procedures donate skintissues conclude addressing low levels chl using communitybased participatory approaches address lack knowledge trust cancer research among diverse populations may increase willingness participate research donate biospecimens may also positive effect actual participation rates
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2015.05.064
|
Daniel Tröhler
|
Curriculum history or the educational construction of Europe in the long nineteenth century
| 2,016 |
University of Luxembourg
|
although generally acknowledged building mass schooling systems must considered close relation emerging nationstates long 19th century published studies discuss interrelation actual foundation nation states introduction modern school article examines role constitutions play construction national citizens expression particular cultural understanding political entity discusses european examples indicating particular constitutional construction citizens european countries almost immediately triggered need create new school laws designed organize actual implementation constitutionally created citizens focus specific need make loyal citizens creating symbiosis nation constitutional state emphasizing cultural differences individual nationstates overall curricula article concludes formulation research desiderata envision transnational curriculum history emancipated national global research agendas enabling european education history respects cultural distinctions rather levelling one grand narrative
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-017-0176-1
|
Karen Banai|Jane Hornickel|Erika Skoe|Trent Nicol|Steven G. Zecker|Nina Kraus
|
Reading and Subcortical Auditory Function
| 2,009 |
University of Haifa|Northwestern University|Northwestern University|Northwestern University|Northwestern University|Northwestern University|Northwestern University
|
although largely agreed phonological processing deficits major cause poor reading neural origins phonological processing well understood show first time phonological decoding measured test singlenonword reading significantly correlated timing subcortical auditory processing also lesser extent robustness subcortical representation harmonic content speech pitch encoding relationships observe reading subcortical processing fall along continuum poor readers one end good readers data suggest reading skill may depend integrity subcortical auditory mechanisms consistent idea subcortical representation acoustic features speech may play role normal reading well development reading disorders data establish significant link subcortical auditory function reading thereby contributing understanding biological bases reading general level findings among first establish direct relationship subcortical sensory function specific cognitive skill reading argue relationship cortical subcortical function could shaped development corticofugal pathway corticalsubcortical link could contribute phonological processing deficits experienced poor readers
|
https://doi.org/10.1097/ccm.0000000000000719
|
Gemma B. Northam|F Liégeois|Jacques?Donald Tournier|L Croft|Paul Johns|W.K. Chong|John Wyatt|Torsten Baldeweg
|
Interhemispheric temporal lobe connectivity predicts language impairment in adolescents born preterm
| 2,012 |
Great Ormond Street Hospital|University College London|Great Ormond Street Hospital|University College London|Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health|Great Ormond Street Hospital|University College London|St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust|St George's, University of London|Great Ormond Street Hospital|University College London|Great Ormond Street Hospital|University College London
|
although language difficulties common children born prematurely robust neuroanatomical correlates impairments remain established study investigated whether greater prevalence language problems preterm versus termborn children might reflect injury major intra interhemispheric white matter pathways connecting frontal temporal language regions investigate performed comprehensive assessment language academic abilities group adolescents born prematurely evidence brain injury birth n 50 mean age 16 years mean gestational age 27 weeks compared termborn control group n 30 detailed structural magnetic resonance imaging diffusiontractography analyses intrahemispheric interhemispheric white matter bundles performed analysis intrahemispheric pathways included arcuate fasciculus dorsal language pathway uncinate fasciculusextreme capsule ventral language pathway analysis interhemispheric pathways particular connections temporal lobes included two major commissural bundles corpus callosum anterior commissure found language impairment 38 adolescents born preterm language impairment related abnormalities arcuate fasciculus subsegments associated bilateral volume reductions ventral language pathway however significant volume reduction detected posterior corpus callosum splenium contains interhemispheric connections occipital parietal temporal lobes diffusion tractography showed three groups interhemispheric fibres within splenium connecting temporal lobes reduced crucially found language impairment detectable anterior commissure second temporal lobe commissural pathway also small regression analyses showed combination anatomical measures temporal interhemispheric connectivity splenium corpus callosum anterior commissure explained 57 variance language abilities supports recent theories emphasizing importance interhemispheric connections language particularly developing brain
|
https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocv186
|
Chandra Y. Osborn|Sujeev S. Bains|Leonard E. Egede
|
Health Literacy, Diabetes Self-Care, and Glycemic Control in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes
| 2,010 |
Vanderbilt University|Medical University of South Carolina|Medical University of South Carolina|Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center
|
although limited health literacy barrier disease management associated poor glycemic control mechanisms underlying relationships health literacy diabetes outcomes unknown examined relationships health literacy determinants diabetes selfcare glycemic control adults type 2 diabetespatients diabetes recruited outpatient primary care clinic collected information demographics health literacy diabetes knowledge diabetes fatalism social support diabetes selfcare hemoglobin a1c values extracted medical record structural equation models tested predicted pathways linking health literacy diabetes selfcare glycemic controlno direct relationship observed health literacy diabetes selfcare glycemic control health literacy direct effect social support r 020 p 005 social support indirect effect diabetes selfcare r 007 glycemic control r 001 diabetes knowledge r 022 p 005 less fatalism r 022 p 005 social support r 027 p 001 independent direct predictors diabetes selfcare selfcare related glycemic control r 020 p 005our findings suggest health literacy indirect effect diabetes selfcare glycemic control association social support suggests patients limited health literacy enhancing social support would facilitate diabetes selfcare improved glycemic control
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(18)30539-4
|
Jamie A. Green|Maria K. Mor|Andrew Shields|Mary Ann Sevick|Paul M. Palevsky|Michael J. Fine|Robert M. Arnold|Steven D. Weisbord
|
Prevalence and Demographic and Clinical Associations of Health Literacy in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis
| 2,011 |
University of Pittsburgh|VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System|University of Pittsburgh|VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System|VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System|University of Pittsburgh|VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System|University of Pittsburgh|VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System|University of Pittsburgh|University of Pittsburgh|VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System|University of Pittsburgh
|
although limited health literacy estimated affect 90 million americans recognized important public health concern studies examining issue patients chronic kidney disease sought characterize prevalence associations demographic clinical characteristics limited health literacy patients receiving maintenance hemodialysisas part prospective clinical trial symptom management strategies 288 patients treated chronic hemodialysis assessed health literacy using rapid estimate adult literacy medicine realm defined limited health literacy realm score 60 evaluated independent associations demographic baseline clinical characteristics limited health literacy using multivariable logistic regressionof 260 patients completed realm 41 demonstrated limited health literacy africanamerican race lower educational level veteran status independently associated limited health literacy association limited health literacy age gender serologic values dialysis adequacy overall symptom burden quality life depressionlimited health literacy common among patients receiving chronic hemodialysis africanamerican race socioeconomic factors strong independent predictors limited health literacy findings help inform design implementation interventions improve health literacy hemodialysis population
|
https://doi.org/10.52041/srap.08209
|
Comfort O. Okpala
|
Implications Of Severe Economic Decline & Demographic Pressures On Youth Literacy In Sub-Saharan Africa
| 2,011 |
North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University
|
although literacy rates improved somehow recent years still large numbers people illiterates developing countries paper examines impact severe economic decline demographic pressures youth literacy rate subsaharan africa study crosssectional data 39 subsaharan african countries adequate data information analyzed results anova tests indicate economic decline statistically significant explaining youth literacy results demographic pressures movement refugees inconclusive explaining youth literacy
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2018.08.007
|
Leo C. Zulu|Ezekiel Kalipeni|Eliza Johannes
|
Analyzing spatial clustering and the spatiotemporal nature and trends of HIV/AIDS prevalence using GIS: the case of Malawi, 1994-2010
| 2,014 |
Michigan State University|Colgate University|Institute For Defense Analyses
|
although local spatiotemporal analysis improve understanding geographic variation hiv epidemic drivers search targeted interventions limited subsaharan africa despite recent declines malawis estimated 100 hiv prevalence 2011 remained among highest globally using data pregnant women malawi study 1 examines spatiotemporal trends hiv prevalence 19942010 2 2010 identifies maps spatial variationclustering factors associated hiv prevalence district level inverse distance weighting used within arcgis geographic information systems gis software generate continuous surfaces hiv prevalence point data 1994 1996 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2010 obtained surveillance antenatal clinics surfaces prevalence estimates extracted district level results mapped nationally spatial dependency autocorrelation clustering hiv prevalence also analyzed correlation multiple regression analyses used identify factors associated hiv prevalence 2010 spatial variationclustering mapped compared hiv clustering analysis revealed wide spatial variation hiv prevalence regional urbanrural district subdistrict levels however prevalence spatially leveling within across subepidemics declining significantly 1999 prevalence exhibited statistically significant spatial dependence nationally following initial 19951999 localized patchy lowhigh patterns epidemic spread rapidly locally hiv hotspots clustered among eleven southern districtscities coldspot captured configurations six central region districts preliminary multiple regression 2010 hiv prevalence produced model four significant explanatory factors adjusted r2 0688 mean distance main roads mean travel time nearest transport percentage taken hiv test ever percentage attaining senior primary education spatial clustering linked factors particular subsets high hivprevalence districts spatial analysis enhanced understanding local spatiotemporal variation hiv prevalence possible underlying factors potential differentiated spatial targeting interventions findings suggest intervention strategies also emphasize improved access healthhiv services basic education syphilis management particularly rural hotspot districts research done drivers finer scale
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2010.08.001
|
Jaya Earnest|Andrew Joyce|Gabriella De Mori|Genevieve Silvagni
|
Are Universities Responding to the Needs of Students from Refugee Backgrounds?
| 2,010 |
Curtin University|Curtin University
|
although many australian universities proactive responding students diverse needs orientation support programs little known programs needed successful transition students refugee backgrounds tertiary study facilitating early engagement students studies campus life linked greater student satisfaction improved retention rates better educational outcomes one challenges academics face paucity research learning styles academic needs african middle eastern students refugee backgrounds paper reports needs analysis undertaken group students refugee backgrounds victoria western australia using indepth interviews focus group discussions participants reported current support systems programs inadequate nonexistent many feel disadvantaged compared australianborn international students article concludes recommendations universities better respond needs students refugee backgrounds
|
https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031112
|
Martin Mende|Jenny van Doorn
|
Coproduction of Transformative Services as a Pathway to Improved Consumer Well-Being
| 2,014 |
Florida State University|University of Groningen
|
although many consumers turn financial counseling improve financial wellbeing effectiveness counseling services remains nebulous exact mechanisms improve consumer wellbeing require research longitudinal research demonstrates consumers coproduction financial counseling services pivotal increasing credit scores decreasing financial stress drawing selfdetermination theory study also shows financial literacy consumer involvement attachment styles important drivers coproduction involvement plays moderating role higher involvement substitutes lower levels financial literacy mitigates negative effects attachment avoidance coproduction findings help counseling agencies public policy makers improve effectiveness financial counseling financial counselors track customers objective subjective financial literacy involvement attachment styles segment customers finally tailor service provision accordingly leverage coproduction pathway consumers financial wellbeing public policy perspective findings suggest efforts improve consumer financial literacy important supplemented programs designed increase consumer involvement financial counseling combination promises foster coproduction improve consumers financial wellbeing
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(08)60254-8
|
Rebecca R. Swenson|Christie J. Rizzo|Larry K. Brown|Peter A. Vanable|Michael P. Carey|Robert F. Valois|Ralph J. DiClemente|Daniel Römer
|
HIV Knowledge and Its Contribution to Sexual Health Behaviors of Low-Income African American Adolescents
| 2,010 |
Hasbro Children's Hospital|Brown University|Rhode Island Hospital|Hasbro Children's Hospital|Brown University|Rhode Island Hospital|Hasbro Children's Hospital|Brown University|Rhode Island Hospital|Syracuse University|Syracuse University|University of South Carolina|Emory University|University of Pennsylvania
|
although many factors contribute racial disparities human immunodeficiency virus hivaids among young african americans knowledge particularly modifiable factor however little information published current hiv knowledge african american teens extent knowledge independently contributes sexual behavior health study aimed describe level knowledge among atrisk population determine whether knowledge contributes variance sexual behavior health beyond sociodemographic psychological factors african american adolescents n 1658 recruited 2 northeastern 2 southeastern us cities 74 eligible free reducedprice school lunch analyses utilized data gathered adolescents using audio computerassisted selfinterview program average participants answered 50 hiv knowledge items correctly least accurate concerning effective condom use hiv testing controlling associated sociodemographic psychological factors greater knowledge associated sexual experience among experienced adolescents sexually transmitted infectionhiv testing andunexpectedlyless condom use hiv knowledge modifiable limited among atrisk african american adolescents important contributor sexual behavior health findings indicate need comprehensive hivaids education particularly regard condom use benefits routine sexually transmitted infectionhiv testing although knowledge might sufficiently protective accurate information hiv may benefit sexual health impacting healthpromoting attitudes necessary successful engagement health careseeking behavior
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.10.011
|
Yao Lu|Qian He|Jeanne Brooks?Gunn
|
Diverse Experience of Immigrant Children: How Do Separation and Reunification Shape Their Development?
| 2,018 |
Columbia University|University of Wisconsin–Madison|Columbia University
|
although many immigrant children united states arrive parents notable proportion first separated later reunited parents experiences separation reunification shape wellbeing immigrant children data national survey legal adult immigrants families new immigrant survey 2003 2004 academic achievement age 612 n 876 psychosocial wellbeing age 617 n 1084 results indicated immigrant children separated parents exhibited poorer literacy higher risk emotional behavioral problems migrated parents protracted period separation previous undocumented status parents amplified disadvantages experienced children
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2017.11.001
|
Geoffry S. Howard|Robert D. Smith
|
Computer anxiety in management: myth or reality?
| 1,986 |
Kent State University|Kent State University
|
although many informal surveys business press contended computer anxiety significant adverse impact managers willingness use microcomputers problem neither extensive severe believed
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01643.x
|
R. Karl Rethemeyer
|
Policymaking in the Age of Internet: Is the Internet Tending to Make Policy Networks More or Less Inclusive?
| 2,006 |
University at Albany, State University of New York|Albany State University
|
although many policy political scientists studied internets role electoral organizational processes little work examines internets effect policy processes internet tended make policy deliberations inclusive affected patterns influence reputation among network participants internet helped bring new organizations policy debates study provides preliminary answers questions treating policy networks type interorganizational network socialized resource dependence framework developed deployment internet conceptualized exogenous shock shock alters material resource base policy network allows actors inside outside network challenge structural power holders structural power holders attempt mold use internet protect position perquisites test framework data collected two policy networks newstatiaone focused adult basic education policy mental health policy policy networks appear become exclusive since deployment internet electronic central discussion networks cores primarily populated actors already entrenched positions structural power within network possessed high influence ratings internet communication occurs members electronic core least preliminarily internet appears reinforce existing patterns authority influence
|
https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1936368
|
Marie Anne Mundy|Lori Kupczynski|Rick Kee
|
Teacher’s Perceptions of Technology Use in the Schools
| 2,012 |
Texas A&M University – Kingsville|Texas A&M University – Kingsville
|
although many schools equipped latest instructional technologies multiple studies indicated half teachers equipped computers use administrative functions half students report using technology week many faculty members lack technological proficiency needed take advantage new technologies making unable bring technologies classroom leading many standing unused classroom study analyzes teachers perceptions technology use classroom surveying participated teachup technology empowerment program created developed digital opportunity trust usa inc dot usa results show teachers part dot usas teachup program perceived significant increase areas student engagement student excitement student acceleration learning student proficiency computer technology analysis indicated faculty members need learn use technology basic level also learn integrate technology curricula addition newer teachers digital native generations must taught acquired skills used integrate technology classroom curriculum provide complex cognitive engagement students essential role teacher professional classroom discounted evaluating classroom curriculum development strategy including would integrate various technologies
|
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16142455
|
Nazneen Kane
|
The Play?Learning Binary: U.S. Parents’ Perceptions on Preschool Play in a Neoliberal Age
| 2,015 |
Mount St. Joseph University
|
although many studies examined parental decisionmaking patterns regard early childhood care education studies examined parents perceptions play influence patterns study explores parental perceptions regarding play early education broader socioeconomic context within perceptions emerge twenty parents preschoolaged children completed questionnaires comprised ratings openended questions findings indicate parents study defined play learning binary terms opposed mutually constitutive processes subsequently parents rated play important also described peripheral less important acquisition literacy numeracy skills study argues binary thinking outgrowth neoliberalism ultimately undermines child wellbeing
|
https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2008.0020
|
Evaon Wong-Kim|Angela Sun|Michael DeMattos
|
Assessing Cancer Beliefs in a Chinese Immigrant Community
| 2,003 |
San Jose State University|Chinese Community Health Resource Center|University of Hawai?i at M?noa|San Jose State University|Chinese Community Health Resource Center
|
although many studies focused cancer screening utilization attitudes study yet conducted examines community beliefs toward cancer diagnosis beliefs cancer cancer patients certain types cancer decreasing white population minority populations likely diagnosed later stage die cancer stigmas caused cancer diagnosis disease may contributing factor late detection increased mortality telephone survey 798 chinese immigrants living san francisco conducted subjects asked several questions established responses regarding beliefs cancer one quarter 798 participants still believe cancer contagious many also believe cancer caused environmental well personal action immoral behavior logistic regression model indicated women low income level resided united states extended period time likely believe cancer contagious community stigmas toward cancer cancer survivors prevent chinese immigrants seeking early diagnosis multimedia education efforts utilize print television radio may provide point entry reach otherwise unreachable individuals concerted education effort may help dispel myths regarding cancer treatment prognosis hoped would encourage healthy dialogue cancer thus increasing screening early detection among chinese immigrants
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/cdoe.12075
|
Ahmad Reza Hosseinpoor|Eddy van Doorslaer|Niko Speybroeck|Mohsen Naghavi|Kazem Mohammad|Reza Majdzadeh|Bahram Delavar|Hamidreza Jamshidi|Jeanette Vega
|
Decomposing socioeconomic inequality in infant mortality in Iran
| 2,006 |
World Health Organization
|
although measuring socioeconomic inequality population health indicators like infant mortality important interesting policy purposes try explain infant mortality inequality objective paper quantify first time determinants contributions socioeconomic inequality infant mortality irana nationally representative sample 108 875 live births october 1990 september 1999 selected data taken iranian demographic health survey dhs conducted 2000 households socioeconomic status measured using principal component analysis concentration index infant mortality used measure socioeconomic inequality decomposed determining factorsthe largest contributions inequality infant mortality owing household economic status 362 mothers education 209 residency ruralurban areas 139 birth interval 130 hygienic status toilet 119 also proved important contributors measured inequalitythe findings indicate socioeconomic inequality infant mortality iran determined health system functions also factors beyond scope health authorities care delivery system implies addition reducing inequalities wealth education investments water sanitation infrastructure programmes especially rural areas necessary realize improvements inequality infant mortality across society findings instrumental recent 5 year economic social cultural development plan iran identified reduction inequalities social determinants health
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-3435.2010.01462.x
|
Brian A. Primack|Daniel H. Fine|Chenxue Yang|Dustin J. Wickett|Susan Zickmund
|
Adolescents' impressions of antismoking media literacy education: qualitative results from a randomized controlled trial
| 2,008 |
University of Pittsburgh|General Department of Preventive Medicine|University of Colorado Boulder|General Department of Preventive Medicine|General Department of Preventive Medicine|VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System
|
although media literacy represents innovative venue schoolbased antismoking programming studies systematically compared student impressions traditional programs study utilized data randomized trial comparing two types programs program students responded three openended questions related assigned curriculum two coders blinded student assignments independently coded data coders strong interrater agreement kappa 077 primary measures spontaneously noted overall assessment enjoymentinterest likelihood changing smoking behavior 531 participants 255 480 randomized intervention media literacy group intervention participants net positive responses rate ratio rr 127 95 confidence interval ci 105 154 responses rating program compelling rr 163 95 ci 116 229 fewer responses rating program noncompelling rr 062 95 ci 039 097 however intervention group likely suggest curriculum likely change behavior positively rr 057 95 ci 030 106 findings suggest although media literacy provides compelling format delivery antitobacco programming integration components traditional programming may help media literacy programs achieve maximal efficacy
|
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-007-0184-6
|
Gurpreet Dhaliwal|Calvin L. Chou
|
A Brief Educational Intervention in Personal Finance for Medical Residents
| 2,007 |
San Francisco VA Medical Center|San Francisco VA Medical Center
|
although medical educational debt continues escalate residents receive little guidance financial planningto educate interns longterm investment strategiesuniversitybased medicine internship programan unselected cohort interns n 52 84 interns underwent 90minute interactive seminar personal finance focusing retirement savings participants completed preseminar investor literacy test assess baseline financial knowledge afterward interns rated seminar expressed intention make changes longterm retirement accounts 37 interns attended seminar survey administered interns compare actual changes accounts seminar attendees nonattendeesinterns average score investor literacy test 40 equal general population interns strongly agreed seminar valuable average 50 5point likert scale 46 respondents account allocation survey interns already attended seminar n 25 likely interns yet attended n 21 switched investments low highyield accounts university hospital 64 vs 19 p 0003 enroll county hospital retirement plan 64 vs 33 p 007one 90minute seminar personal finances leads significant changes allocation taxdeferred retirement savings calculate changes lead substantial longterm financial benefits suggest programs consider automatically enrolling trainees higher yield retirement plans
|
https://doi.org/10.1200/jop.2016.019729
|
Ruben D Restrepo|Melissa Alvarez|Leonard D Wittnebel|Helen M. Sorenson|Richard Wettstein|David Vines|Jennifer Sikkema-Ortiz|Donna D. Gardner|Robert L. Wilkins
|
Medication adherence issues in patients treated for COPD
| 2,008 |
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio|The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio|Respiratory Clinical Trials|Respiratory Clinical Trials|Respiratory Clinical Trials|The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio|The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio|Respiratory Clinical Trials|The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
|
although medical treatment copd advanced nonadherence medication regimens poses significant barrier optimal management underuse overuse improper use continue common causes poor adherence therapy average 4060 patients copd adheres prescribed regimen 1 10 patients metered dose inhaler performs essential steps correctly adherence therapy multifactorial involves patient primary care provider effect patient instruction inhaler adherence rescue medication utilization patients copd seem parallel good results reported patients asthma use combined inhaler may facilitate adherence medications improve efficacy pharmacoeconomic factors may influence patients selection device regimen patients health beliefs experiences behaviors play significant role adherence pharmacological therapy manuscript reviews important aspects associated medication adherence patients copd identifies predictors poor adherence
|
https://doi.org/10.1177/0014402915585564
|
Matt O’Connor|Leanne M. Casey
|
The Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS): A new scale-based measure of mental health literacy
| 2,015 |
Griffith University|Griffith University
|
although mental health literacy mhl topic substantial interest measurement concept using scalebased measure limited including lack psychometric methodologically robust scalebased measures mhl study developed new scalebased measure mhl mental health literacy scale mhls assesses attributes mhl construction mhls done three key stages including measure development pilot testing assessment psychometrics methodological quality resulting measure 35 item univariate scale easily administered scored results showed significant differences scores mental health professionals community sample well individuals greater experience mental health significant positive relationship helpseeking intentions mhls also demonstrated good internal testretest reliability evaluation methodological quality mhls indicated substantial methodological advantages comparison existing scalebased measures mhl mhls used assessing individual population level differences mhl determining impact programmes designed improve mhl
|
https://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2018.1510936
|
Udena Ruwindu Attygalle|Hemamali Perera|Bernard Deepal Wanniarachchi Jayamanne
|
Mental health literacy in adolescents: ability to recognise problems, helpful interventions and outcomes
| 2,017 |
Teaching Hospital Kandy|University of Colombo
|
although mental health literacy widely studied adults still relatively studies adolescent populations sri lanka adolescents account one fifth population current evidence shows mental health problems diagnosed adulthood begin adolescence also growing evidence trajectories disorders altered early recognition intervention although helpseeking mental health problems known poor adolescents mental health literacy improves helpseeking also known adolescents may act agents change regarding mental health wider communities thus mental health literacy adolescents important aspect community mental health initiatives objective study describe aspects mental health literacy terms ability recognise problems helpful interventions helpful referral options outcomes target adolescent population sri lanka association socio economic variables recognition mental health problems also examinedthis descriptive cross sectional study used pretested questionnaire 1002 adolescents aged 13 16 mental health literacy assessed using 4 case vignettes vignettes represented depression suicidal ideation social phobia psychosis diabetes last comparisonthe response rates recognition mental health problem 822 n 824 vignette depicting depression 687 n 689 psychosis vignette 623 n 623 social phobia vignette talking person responded helpful 499 n 500 depression vignette followed 498 n 499 social phobia 395 n 396 psychosis 195 n 195 diabetes vignette response rate exercise helpful intervention 25 n 251 diabetes vignette followed 21 n 210 social phobia 187 n 187 psychosis vignette 184 n 184 depression vignette 702 n 704 responded would benefit seeing doctor diabetes vignette response rates psychosis 485 n 486 depression social phobia 482 n 483 responses persons vignettes becoming better treatment 814 n 816 diabetes 795 n 797 depression 756 n 758 psychosis 634 n 636 social phobia vignette statistically significant association found income level family appropriate recognition mental health problems 3 mental health related vignettesthe ability recognise mental health problems helpful interventions outcomes population comparable adolescent populations countries exceptions main differences relation identification interventions response psychosis social phobia vignettes
|
https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00004814
|
Jared Chiarchiaro|Praewpannarai Buddadhumaruk|Robert M. Arnold|Douglas B. White
|
Quality of Communication in the ICU and Surrogate’s Understanding of Prognosis*
| 2,015 |
University of Pittsburgh|University of Pittsburgh|University of Pittsburgh|University of Pittsburgh Medical Center|University of Pittsburgh|Ethics and Public Policy Center
|
although misperceptions prognosis surrogates icus common influence treatment decisions validated practical way measure effectiveness prognostic communication surrogates subjective ratings quality communication used domains markers effectiveness communication sought determine whether surrogates subjective ratings quality prognostic communication predict accurate expectation prognosis surrogateswe performed crosssectional cohort study surrogates rated quality prognostic communication survey physicians surrogates gave percentage estimate patient survival icu day 3 0100 probability scale defined discordance prognosis difference physicians surrogates estimates greater equal 20 used multilevel logistic regression modeling account clustering physicians patients adjust confoundersmedicalsurgical trauma cardiac neurologic icus five us academic medical centers located california pennsylvania washington north carolina massachusettstwo hundred seventyfive patients acute respiratory distress syndrome high risk death severe functional impairment 546 surrogate decision makers 150 physiciansnonethere predictive utility surrogates ratings quality communication prognosis identify inaccurate expectations prognosis odds ratio 104 007 p 054 surrogates subjective ratings quality communication prognosis high assessed variety questions discordant prognostic estimates present 635 95 ci 590679 physiciansurrogate pairsalthough surrogates rate quality prognostic communication high inaccurate expectations prognosis common among surrogates surrogates ratings quality prognostic communication reliably predict accurate expectation prognosis
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2015.12.011
|
Ryan Shaw|Dori Steinberg|Jonathan P. Bonnet|F. Modarai|Aaron George|Traven Cunningham|Markedia Mason|Mohammad Shahsahebi|Steven C. Grambow|Gary G. Bennett|Hayden B. Bosworth
|
Mobile health devices: will patients actually use them?
| 2,016 |
Duke University|Duke Institute for Health Innovation|Duke University|Duke University Health System|Duke University Health System|Duke University Health System|Duke University|Duke University Health System|Duke University|Duke Institute for Health Innovation|Duke University|Duke University|Durham VA Medical Center
|
although mobile health mhealth devices offer unique opportunity capture patient health data remotely unclear whether patients consistently use multiple devices simultaneously andor chronic disease affects adherence three healthy three chronically ill participants recruited provide data 11 health indicators via four devices diet app healthy participants averaged overall weekly use 76 compared 16 chronic illnesses device adherence declined across participants study patients chronic illnesses arguably benefit advanced increased monitoring may less likely adopt use devices compared healthy individuals results suggest device fatigue may significant problem use mobile technologies may potential transform care delivery across populations within individuals time however devices may need tailored meet specific patient needs
|
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-012-9746-8
|
Gerg? Baranyi|Carolin Scholl|Seena Fazel|Vikram Patel|Stefan Priebe|Adrian P. Mundt
|
Severe mental illness and substance use disorders in prisoners in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence studies
| 2,019 |
University of Edinburgh|University of Edinburgh|University of Oxford|Harvard Global Health Institute|Harvard University|Queen Mary University of London|Centre for Mental Health|Diego Portales University|San Sebastián University
|
although two thirds worlds incarcerated individuals based lowincome middleincome countries lmics burden psychiatric disorders population known review provides estimates prevalence severe mental illness substance use disorders incarcerated individuals lmicsfor systematic review metaanalysis searched 17 electronic databases identify prevalence studies psychiatric disorders prison populations lmics published january 1987 may 2018 included representative studies general prison samples providing information four major psychiatric diagnoses psychosis major depression alcohol use disorders drug use disorders pooled data studies using randomeffects metaanalyses assessed sources heterogeneity metaregression extracted general population estimates global burden diseases 2016 database calculate comparative prevalence ratios study registered prospero number crd42015020905we identified 23 publications reporting prevalence estimates severe mental illness substance use disorders 14 527 prisoners 13 lmics population estimated pooled 1 year prevalence rates psychosis 62 95 ci 4086 160 117208 major depression 38 1276 alcohol use disorders 51 2978 drug use disorders noted increased prevalence prison intake geographic variations substance use disorders alcohol use disorders prevalence higher southeast asian region eastern mediterranean region drug use disorders prevalent eastern mediterranean region europe prevalence ratios indicated substantially higher rates severe mental illness substance use disorders among prisoners general population prevalence nonaffective psychosis average 16 times higher major depression illicit drug use disorder prevalence six times higher prevalence alcohol use disorders double general populationthe prevalence major psychiatric disorders high prisoners lmic compared general populations findings likely reflect unmet needs development scalable interventions public health priority resourcepoor settingsconicyt chilean government wellcome trust
|
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0047533
|
Jim Ridgway|J. W. G. Nicholson|Sean McCusker
|
Reconceptualising ‘Statistics’ and ‘Education’
| 2,008 |
Durham University|Durham University|Durham University
|
although interesting problems multivariate mv students citizens need able reason using mv data appropriate challenges rarely encountered class paper argue curriculum ideas statistical literacy encompass reasoning mv data statistics education occur range disciplines informal setting notably web strategically need dialogue educators disciplines also argue greater collaboration data providers engaging increasingly people net pn activitiesin short reconceptualisation education community smart centre developed generic software shells facilitate import mv data interactive displays also describe successful use citizenship classrooms students interpret largescale survey data topics sexually transmitted infections drug use
|
https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2008.082594
|
Martin Senkbeil
|
Development and validation of the ICT motivation scale for young adolescents. Results of the international school assessment study ICILS 2013 in Germany
| 2,018 |
Leibniz Institute for Science and Mathematics Education
|
although motivational factors play important role development information communication technologies ict literacy studies assessed ict literacy also presented theoretically derived conceptualization ict motivation address issue examined psychometric properties newly developed ict motivation scale distinguishes several incentives use ict using data international computer information literacy study icils 2013 confirmatory analysis confirmed hypothesized higherorder factor structure least metric measurement invariance regard gender social background scale showed convergent discriminant validity ict behavior ict literacy social background variables furthermore incrementally predicted ict literacy intelligence general interest ict
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(19)30150-4
|
Jennie K. Grammer|Kelly M. Purtell|Jennifer L. Coffman|Peter A. Ornstein
|
Relations between children’s metamemory and strategic performance: Time-varying covariates in early elementary school
| 2,011 |
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
|
although much known development memory strategies metamemory childhood evidence linkages memory skills either concurrently time limited drawing longitudinal investigation development memory repeated assessments childrens n 107 strategy use declarative metamemory made examine development skills relations time latent curve models used first estimate trajectories childrens strategy use metamemory examine predictors childrens performance domains childrens metamemory beginning grade 1 linked child homelevel factors whereas development skills related maternal education level additional modeling longitudinal relations strategic sorting metacognitive knowledge indicated metamemory earlier time points predictive subsequent strategy use
|
https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.3365
|
Rebecca Newland|Keith A. Crnic|Martha J. Cox|W. Roger Mills?Koonce
|
The family model stress and maternal psychological symptoms: Mediated pathways from economic hardship to parenting.
| 2,013 |
Arizona State University|Arizona State University|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
|
although much extant research lowincome families targeted parental depression predominant psychological response economic hardship current study examined range maternal psychological symptoms may mediate relations early economic pressure later parenting behaviors family stress model examined using data 1142 mothers living 2 areas high rural poverty focusing infancy toddlerhood period maternal questionnaires observations motherchild interactions collected across 4 time points 6 15 24 36 months results structural equation analyses indicated early economic pressure significantly related variety symptoms depression hostility anxiety somatization depression somatization significantly related decreased levels sensitive supportive parenting behaviors contrast anxiety positively associated sensitive parenting depression anxiety found mediate relations economic pressure sensitive parenting behaviors results suggest mothers experience change objective economic hardship time experience small decrease economic pressure discussion centers apparent indirect influence early economic hardship later psychological symptoms parenting behaviors well detailing need broader complex perspectives maternal psychological responses arise result economic disadvantage
|
https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/23.2.129
|
Sanjaya Dhakal
|
Nepalese women under the shadow of domestic violence
| 2,008 | null |
although nepals decadelong conflict ended every year tens thousands women country still experience violence 80 cases perpetrator stranger woman member family sanjaya dhakal reports kathmandu despite rising political awareness women nepal still subject deeply entrenched discrimination resulting scary situation violence commonplace domestic violence women including beatings husbands dowryrelated murders physical psychological harassment families rampant nepal one poorest countries world total incidence violence women domestic violence constitutes 80 said dhana kumari sunar member national womens commission nwc among various causes domestic violence dowryrelated hostilities second marriage husbands assaults women accused witches disputes involving properties top list added central cell women children nepals police headquarters recorded 1100 cases domestic violence women past year since reports consist formal complaints lodged women officials concede tip iceberg violent episodes occur within family settings often women end noone nowhere turn society still overtly patriarchal nwcan umbrella national body formed protect rights womenis process compiling nationwide data numbers nature violence women safely say tens thousands women suffer domestic violence every year country sunar said women nepal fought alongside nepalese men restore democracy country 2 years ago roundly disappointed parliament helped restore also failed take cause bill combat domestic violence women lingering nepals parliament past 13 years could passed even years parliamentary session ended last month bill important piece legislation could provided crucial support nepalese women absence law perpetrators domestic violence often get scotfree get slap wristsince many cases traditional patriarchy operates manner husbands senior family members thought possess right control women house take case hasun idrisia woman city western nepal called nepalgunj long harassed husband inlaws bringing big enough marriage dowry 2 months ago poured kerosene body set fire nearby locked toilet luckily neighbours heard shouts help managed rush hospital survived manauti saru lucky 23yearold woman nawalparasi district south western nepal killed husband 2 weeks ago case registered husbandsher bahadur saru constable local police station family members accused hacking death amidst domestic scuffle almost every day newspapers country report cases domestic violence women extent problem shown report last week january four women killed husbands family members space 1 week rupandehi nawalparasitwo districts southwestern nepal three women killed dowryrelated disputes fourth killed husband bitter domestic brawl ironically two districts earlier declared local civil society organisations zones free violence women currently even grave violence women sexual violence marital rape mental physical torture dealt public offence act nonpassage bill control domestic violence therefore unfortunate said sunar womens rights activists also complained tendency law enforcement agencies try settle disputes without pressing charges perpetrators often police local people try settle domestic dispute pressing women accepting fate society still dominated hindu patriarchy set strict codesmany conflict basic rights women said activist former nwc chairperson bandana rana women experienced conflictrelated trauma decadelong conflict nepal 1996 2006 nepal throes violent insurgency 15 000 people lost livesmany women many people injured displaced thousands women subjected torture assault rape sides warring factions around 300 000 peoplemostly women childrenwere displaced native places due conflict however recent times conflictrelated traumas rape forced displacements tapered domestic violence continues grow seen incidence violence women drop although level awareness among women regarding rights increased sadly situation improved far violence concerned said rana also vice president saathian organisation runs shelter home abused women kathmandu sita gurung name changed bhojpur district eastern nepal found shelter saathi husband used beat every day unable bear beatings even minor causes ran away house said gurung amidst backdrop nepals womens rights movement gaining strength consequently government amended old laws discriminated women parliament already declared women guaranteed least 33 representation areas state policy helped change condition ground social neglect experienced women shown poor health indicators latest demographic health survey shows maternal mortality rate per 100 000 deliveries 281 81 births still take place home half million children school 60 girls overall literacy women 425 compared 651 men according recently released government statistics women received short end stick economic front well report commissioned nwc revealed startling discrimination women terms ownership assets properties report assessed situation 68 75 districts nepal exposed skewed nature property distribution revealed 078 houses actually legally owned women three women 500 houses names 525 women landownership certificates name likewise 545 women owned livestock 17 women kind assets name ornaments jewellery property land 16 women regular income 8 civilservice privatesector workforce made women women nepal suffer various kinds discrimination landed pathetic socioeconomic condition said babita basnet prominent womens rights activist nepal past two decades nepal gone series political upheavals 1990 street movement restored democracy country 1996 violent insurgency launched maoists ended 2006 peace pact movements women took part prominently still unable secure participation areas society improve socioeconomic status even women occupy less 5 leadership positions political parties social factors addressed improve health wellbeing women nepal continue pay price
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2015.06.010
|
Haruna Moroto|Maiko Sakamoto|Tofayel Ahmed
|
Possible factors influencing NGOs’ project locations for disaster management in Bangladesh
| 2,018 |
The University of Tokyo|The University of Tokyo
|
although nongovernmental organizations ngos important actors field disaster management dm natural disasterprone countries bangladesh spatial distribution activities factors influencing site selection well researched therefore research elucidated spatial distribution ngos working dm bangladesh past seven years geographic information system gis used logistic regression analyze possible factors influencing decisions project locations based data submunicipal ie union administrative level ngos generally locate disasteraffected disastervulnerable areas rather located areas accessible thus found scarcity ngo interventions disastervulnerable areas meaning scarcity interventions need support using results regression modelling calculated probability submunicipal area selected ngos activities revealed socially disaster vulnerable areas ngos less likely intervene superimposed probability distribution hazard map identified socially physically disaster vulnerable areas
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-12-415
|
Nicole E. Smerillo|Arthur J. Reynolds|Judy A. Temple|Suh Ruu Ou
|
Chronic absence, eighth-grade achievement, and high school attainment in the Chicago Longitudinal Study
| 2,018 |
University of Minnesota System|University of Minnesota System|University of Minnesota System|University of Minnesota System
|
although commonly reported average daily attendance chronic absence data may significant importance understanding student success using data 1148 participants chicago longitudinal study assessed associations chronic absence early middle grades grades fourth sixth eighthgrade achievement three measures high school attainment including fouryear graduation diploma graduation diploma age 21 high school completion age 21 rate chronic absenteeism defined students missing approximately 14 days school year 15 using ordinary least squares probit regression inverseprobabilityweighting regressionadjustment methods ipwra results indicated chronic absence early middle grades negatively associated 017 eighthgrade math achievement reduced probability fouryear graduation diploma 18 percentage points graduation diploma age 21 17 percentage points high school completion age 21 11 percentage points ipwra yielded similar estimates coefficients varied subgroup males children mothers completed high school experiencing detrimental effects associations chronic absence outcomes important understand school interventions practices begin early effective reducing prevalence absenteeism
|
https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.29.04.06.dc05-1615
|
Se?Hoon Jeong|Hyunyi Cho|Yong Woo Hwang
|
Media Literacy Interventions: A Meta-Analytic Review
| 2,012 |
Korea University|Purdue University West Lafayette|Myongji University
|
although numerous media literacy interventions developed delivered past 3 decades comprehensive metaanalytic assessment effects available study investigates average effect size moderators 51 media literacy interventions media literacy interventions positive effects d37 outcomes including media knowledge criticism perceived realism influence behavioral beliefs attitudes selfefficacy behavior moderator analyses indicated interventions sessions effective components less effective intervention effects vary agent target age setting audience involvement topic country publication status
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-1253
|
Hamood Mohammed Al?Hattami
|
Determinants of intention to continue usage of online shopping under a pandemic: COVID-19
| 2,021 |
Hodeidah University|Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University|Firmenich (Switzerland)
|
although numerous reports predict huge growth potential online shopping covid19 pandemic many know determinants user intention continue using online shopping pandemicgiven motivate continuousness retain consumers pandemic critical online retailers relevant stakeholders success research determinants intention continuance using online shopping attracted widespread attentivenessthe determinants intention continue using online shopping covid19 pandemic especially india yet researchedtherefore study proposes model combining expectationconfirmation model ecm tasktechnology fit ttf model trust factor examine intention continue using online shopping covid19based data gathered 222 online participants period social distancing due covid19 findings revealed perceived ttf much significant factor satisfaction perceived usefulness trust positive impacts consumers intention continue usage online shopping covid19additionally confirmation directly affects satisfaction perceived usefulness indirectly affects consumers intention continuance usagethe studys findings provide online retailers related stakeholders significant managerial implications
|
https://doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2018.0011
|
Jielong Zhou|Tingting Fan
|
Understanding the Factors Influencing Patient E-Health Literacy in Online Health Communities (OHCs): A Social Cognitive Theory Perspective
| 2,019 |
Shantou University|Shantou University
|
although online health communities ohcs increasingly popular public health promotion studies explored factors influencing patient ehealth literacy ohcs paper aims address gap based social cognitive theory identified one behavioral factor ie health knowledge seeking one social environmental factor ie social interaction ties proposed health knowledge seeking social interaction ties directly influence patient ehealth literacy addition social interaction ties positively moderate effect health knowledge seeking patient ehealth literacy collected 333 valid data points verified three hypotheses empirical results provide two crucial findings first health knowledge seeking social interaction ties positively influence patient ehealth literacy ohcs second social interaction ties positively moderate effect health knowledge seeking patient ehealth literacy findings firstly contribute public health literature exploring mechanism different factors influence patient ehealth literacy ohcs contribute ehealth literacy literature verifying impact social environmental factors
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-7-98
|
Jennifer Knievel
|
Instruction to Faculty and Graduate Students: A Tutorial to Teach Publication Strategies
| 2,008 | null |
although online information literacy tutorials proven popular method delivering instruction undergraduates seem relatively targeted toward junior faculty graduate students librarians university colorado created online tutorial junior faculty graduate students publish perish art craft publishing scholarly journals online tutorial addresses information literacy needs junior faculty regarding subject publication strategies also presents opportunity familiarize junior faculty concept open access publication
|
https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1022534527021
|
Lisa H. Chung|Steven E. Gregorich|Gary C. Armitage|Judy Gonzalez?Vargas|Sally Adams
|
Sociodemographic disparities and behavioral factors in clinical oral health status during pregnancy
| 2,013 |
University of California, San Francisco|University of California, San Francisco|University of California, San Francisco|University of California, San Francisco|University of California, San Francisco
|
although oral health oh problems common pregnancy little known individual characteristics behaviors relating clinically assessed oh pregnancy crosssectional study describes clinical oh status sample pregnant women examines relationships sociodemographic factors oh behavioral factors oh influence behavior relationships sociodemographic clusters oh baseline data utilized pilot intervention study promoting oh pregnancyparticipants n 99 recruited centeringpregnancy prenatal care groups completed questionnaires addressing raceethnicity income education dental insurance oral hygiene practices dental care utilization clinical examinations periodontal probing depths pd bleeding probing bop plaque assessment visual detection untreated decay chisquares oneway anovas tukeys studentized range test planned comparisons conducted examine bivariable relationships sociodemographic behavioral characteristics oh status multivariable logistic regression analyses tested whether effects sociodemographic variables oh status might mediated behaviors including selfreported oral hygiene recent dental visitsfortyfive percent sample untreated decay mean percentage sites bop 18 bivariable analyses sociodemographic factors indicated compared whites hispanic women greater sites bop pd 5 mm plus bop plaque index pi scores 2 p 005 greater untreated decay chisquare 133 p 0001 lower income related greater untreated decay chisquare 76 p 001 compared highest education level lowest level group higher bop p 005 public dental insurance versus private associated greater bop pd 5 mm plus bop p 005 greater untreated decay chisquare 169 p 0001 regarding behaviors lacking past 6month dental visit related greater bop pd 5 mm plus bop pi 2 f range 6287 p 001005 greater untreated decay chisquare 120 p 0001 selfreported optimal oral hygiene related lower bop pd 5 mm plus bop f range 4567 p 005 mediation analyses indicated significant indirect effects racialethnic differences oh outcomes via recent dental visit range 1219 however significant differences hispanic white groups remainedthis study highlights sociodemographic disparities clinical oh pregnancy importance dental care provides useful findings tailoring interventions expectant mothers infants
|
https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhx131
|
Tonia Bieber|Kerstin Martens
|
The OECD PISA Study as a Soft Power in Education? Lessons from Switzerland and the US
| 2,011 |
University of Bremen|University of Bremen
|
although originally created economic purposes organisation economic cooperation development oecd increasingly gained weight education policy recent years regarded international authority field particularly programme international student assessment pisa highly esteemed many countries enabled diverse domestic education reforms oecd derived variety policy recommendations pisa results however implemented national level oecd able achieve impact member states yet analysed sufficient depth answer questions analyse oecd recommendations reflected switzerland us reception differs across countries assess conditions policy convergence towards oecd model took place elaborate governance mechanisms caused policy convergence show switzerland pisas platform transnational communication enabled policy learning expert level thus leading rather high degree policy convergence case us pisa regarded one many studies assessing performance education systems
|
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2328-y
|
Marra G. Katz|Terry A. Jacobson|Emir Veledar|Sunil Kripalani
|
Patient Literacy and Question-asking Behavior During the Medical Encounter: A Mixed-methods Analysis
| 2,007 |
Emory University|Emory University|Emory University|Emory University
|
although patient participation medical encounter confers significant benefits many patients reluctant ask questions physicians patients literacy level may affect level participation questionasking behaviorsto examine effect literacy number types questions asked patients primary care office visitsconvenience sample recruited april november 2004 physicianpatient visits audiotaped patient questions complete encounters n 57 coded using adaptation roter interaction analysis systemparticipants predominantly middleaged mean age 567 years female 754 african american 947 low literacy skills 6th grade reading level present 386we hypothesized prospectively lowliteracy patients would ask fewer total questions fewer questions key aspects medical carelowliteracy adults asked significantly fewer questions medical care issues median 4 vs 6 among patients higher literacy levels p 014 also tended ask fewer questions overall median 7 vs 10 p 070 lowliteracy patients likely ask physician repeat something p 013 indicating initial lack understanding less likely use medical terminology refer medications name request additional services seek new information questionasking behavior significantly related patient gender age years education physicianpatient gender concordanceliteracy level appears important determinant patients participation medical encounter lowliteracy patients ask fewer questions medical care may affect ability learn medical conditions treatments
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.2000.tb00900.x
|
Jamie M. Jacobs|Nicole Pensak|Nora Sporn|James MacDonald|Inga T. Lennes|Steven A. Safren|William F. Pirl|Jennifer S. Temel|Joseph A. Greer
|
Treatment Satisfaction and Adherence to Oral Chemotherapy in Patients With Cancer
| 2,017 |
University of Miami|University of Colorado Denver|Boston University|Harvard University|University of California, Los Angeles|University of Miami|University of Colorado Denver|Boston University|Harvard University|University of California, Los Angeles|University of Miami|University of Colorado Denver|Boston University|Harvard University|University of California, Los Angeles|University of Miami|University of Colorado Denver|Boston University|Harvard University|University of California, Los Angeles|University of Miami|University of Colorado Denver|Boston University|Harvard University|University of California, Los Angeles|University of Miami|University of Colorado Denver|Boston University|Harvard University|University of California, Los Angeles|University of Miami|University of Colorado Denver|Boston University|Harvard University|University of California, Los Angeles|University of Miami|University of Colorado Denver|Boston University|Harvard University|University of California, Los Angeles|University of Miami|University of Colorado Denver|Boston University|Harvard University|University of California, Los Angeles
|
although patients cancer overwhelming prefer oral intravenous chemotherapy little known adherence oral agents aimed identify rates correlates adherence patients diverse malignanciesninety patients chronic myeloid leukemia metastatic renal cell carcinoma nonsmallcell lung cancer breast cancer enrolled prospective singlegroup observational study medicationtaking behaviors adherence measured via selfreport electronic pill cap medication event monitoring system cap patients completed surveys regarding symptom distress mood quality life cancerspecific distress satisfaction clinician communication treatment baseline 12week followupas measured medication event monitoring system patients took average 893 prescribed oral chemotherapy 12 weeks one quarter sample less 90 adherent women adherent men mean difference 959 se difference 450 95 ci 1865 052 p 039 improvements patient symptom distress b 079 95 ci 141 018 depressive symptoms b 157 95 ci 286 029 quality life b 038 95 ci 007 068 satisfaction clinician communication treatment b 073 95 ci 049 098 perceived burden others b 128 95 ci 220 037 associated better adherence multivariate model improved treatment satisfaction b 071 95 ci 048 094 reduced perceived burden b 092 95 ci 176 009 strongest indicators better adherencewomen patients reported increased treatment satisfaction reduced burden others adherent oral chemotherapy interventions help patients improve communication clinicians reduce burden may optimize oral chemotherapy adherence
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.05.026
|
Matthew E. Brock|Erik W. Carter
|
Efficacy of Teachers Training Paraprofessionals to Implement Peer Support Arrangements
| 2,015 |
The Ohio State University|Vanderbilt University
|
although peer support arrangements promising strategy promote inclusion general education classrooms previous studies addressed paraprofessionals might implement strategy typical circumstances without extensive researcher involvement singlecase design study four special education teachers trained supported four paraprofessionals implement peer support arrangements delivery professional development package consisting initial orientation video modeling brief coaching performance feedback teachers implemented professional development accurately paraprofessionals implemented peer support arrangements fidelity three four middle school students severe disabilities increased social interactions peers maintaining previous levels academic engagement findings suggest possible avenue equipping paraprofessionals implement peer support arrangements recommendations preparing teachers train support paraprofessionals implement intervention strategies offered along directions future research
|
https://doi.org/10.1001/2013.jamadermatol.380
|
null | null | 2,014 |
JSS Medical Research (India)|Jewish General Hospital|McGill University|McGill University Health Centre
|
although persons lower socioeconomic status ses generally poorer health status many medical conditions association ses symptom severity fibromyalgia fm unknown subjective symptoms fm may influenced personal perceptions environmental psychosocial factors therefore ses may influence symptom expression severitydata crosssectional analysis obtained reallife prospective cohort 246 patients fm categorized according level education high school graduates less group 1 n 99 college graduates group 2 n 84 university graduates group 3 n 63 association level education wellvalidated measure ses disease severity functional status quality life examinedlower education significantly associated older age p 0039 current unemployment p 0001 severe disease measured patient global assessment disease activity p 0019 mcgill pain questionnaire p 0026 pain disability index p 0031 pain catastrophizing scale p 0015 health assessment questionnaire p 0001 fibromyalgia impact questionnaire p 0002 pain level anxiety depression associations remained significant even upon adjusting age sex differencespatients fm lower ses assessed education level reported greater symptom severity functional impairment despite reporting similar levels pain depression anxiety although fm spans socioeconomic groups factors specific disease characteristics mental status appear play important role patients perception illness
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-019-0422-5
|
Karin Landerl|H. Harald Freudenthaler|Moritz Heene|Peter F. de Jong|Alain Desrochers|George Manolitsis|Rauno Parrila|George K. Georgiou
|
Phonological Awareness and Rapid Automatized Naming as Longitudinal Predictors of Reading in Five Alphabetic Orthographies with Varying Degrees of Consistency
| 2,018 |
University of Graz|University of Graz|Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München|University of Amsterdam|University of Ottawa|University of Crete|Macquarie University|University of Alberta
|
although phonological awareness pa rapid automatized naming ran confirmed early predictors reading large number orthographies yet unclear whether predictive patterns universal language specific examined longitudinal study across grades 1 2 1120 children acquiring one five alphabetic orthographies different degrees orthographic complexity english french german dutch greek path analyses revealed universal model could confirmed specified bestfitting model separately language ran consistent predictor reading fluency orthographies whereas association pa reading complex mostly interactive conclude ran taps languageuniversal cognitive mechanism involved reading alphabetic orthographies independent complexity whereas pareading relationship depends many factors like task characteristics developmental status orthographic complexity
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15526
|
Fabienne Dobbels|Corina de Jong|Ellen Drost|Janneke Elberse|Chryssoula Feridou|Laura Jacobs|Roberto Rabinovich|Anja Frei|Milo A. Puhan|Willem I. de Boer|Thys van der Molen|K. Williams|Hillary Pinnock|Thierry Troosters|Niklas Karlsson|Károly Kulich|K. Rüdell
|
The PROactive innovative conceptual framework on physical activity
| 2,014 |
KU Leuven|University Medical Center Groningen|University of Groningen|Centre for Inflammation Research|University of Edinburgh|Lung Foundation Netherlands|Thorax Foundation|KU Leuven|Centre for Inflammation Research|University of Edinburgh|Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine|University of Zurich|Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine|University of Zurich|Lung Foundation Netherlands|University Medical Center Groningen|University of Groningen|Glasgow Centre for Population Health|University of Edinburgh|KU Leuven|AstraZeneca (Brazil)|Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute
|
although physical activity considered important therapeutic target chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd physical activity means copd patients perspective best measured poorly understood designed conceptual framework guiding development content validation two patient reported outcome pro instruments physical activity proactive pro instruments 116 patients four european countries diverse demographics copd phenotypes participated three consecutive qualitative studies 63 male age meansd 669 years 35 global initiative chronic obstructive lung disease stage iiiiv 23 interviews eight focus groups n 54 identified main themes candidate items framework 39 cognitive debriefings allowed clarity items instructions optimised three themes emerged ie impact copd amount physical activity symptoms experienced physical activity adaptations made facilitate physical activity themes similar irrespective country demographic disease characteristics iterative rounds appraisal refinement candidate items resulted 30 items daily recall period 34 items 7day recall period first time approach provides comprehensive insight physical activity copd patients perspective proactive pro instruments content validity represents pivotal basis empirically based item reduction validation
|
https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000021
|
Monika H. Donker|Evelyn H. Kroesbergen|Esther M. Slot|Sietske van Viersen|Elise de Bree
|
Alphanumeric and non-alphanumeric Rapid Automatized Naming in children with reading and/or spelling difficulties and mathematical difficulties
| 2,016 |
Utrecht University|Utrecht University|Utrecht University|University of Amsterdam|Utrecht University|University of Amsterdam|Utrecht University
|
although poor rapid automatized naming ran risk factor reading andor spelling difficulties rsd well mathematical difficulties md many questions surround relationship main objective present study obtain insight relationship alphanumeric vs nonalphanumeric ran readingspelling mathematics groups 7to10yearold children rsd md rsd md typically developing td children analyses variance groups showed rsd comorbid rsd md groups impaired alphanumeric nonalphanumeric ran whereas md group impaired nonalphanumeric ran furthermore nonalphanumeric ran correlated measures except spelling whereas alphanumeric ran correlated reading spelling measures findings point towards differentadditional cognitive processes needed nonalphanumeric ran compared alphanumeric ran affects relationship literacy math
|
https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000408
|
Joanne C. Sandberg|Jennifer W. Talton|Sara A. Quandt|Haiying Chen|Maria Weir|Walkiria R. Doumani|Arjun Chatterjee|Thomas A. Arcury
|
Association Between Housing Quality and Individual Health Characteristics on Sleep Quality Among Latino Farmworkers
| 2,012 |
Wake Forest University|Wake Forest University|Wake Forest University|Wake Forest University|Wake Forest University|Wilson Community College|Wake Forest University|Wake Forest University
|
although poor sleep quality associated sleep disorders associated increased risk job injury multiple mental physical health problems scant research examined sleep quality among latino farmworkers interviews conducted 371 male latino farmworkers working north carolina 2010 agricultural season data housing quality sleep quality collected access air conditioning significantly positively associated good sleep quality association remained housing characteristics individual health indicators controlled good sleep quality associated low levels pain depression anxiety poor sleep quality among latino farmworkers associated poorer indicators health one important indicator housing quality air conditioning associated better sleep quality research required delineate improve adequacy farmworker housing improve sleep quality health indicators
|
https://doi.org/10.54870/1551-3440.1342
|
Olivia Oxlade|Megan Murray
|
Tuberculosis and Poverty: Why Are the Poor at Greater Risk in India?
| 2,012 |
Harvard University|Massachusetts General Hospital|Brigham and Women's Hospital|Harvard University
|
although poverty widely recognized important risk factor tuberculosis tb disease specific proximal risk factors mediate association less clear objective study investigate mechanisms poverty increases risk tbusing individual level data 198754 people 2006 demographic health survey dhs india assessed selfreported tb status tb determinants household socioeconomic status used data calculate population attributable fractions paf key tb risk factor based prevalence determinants estimates effect risk factors derived published sources conducted mediation analysis using principal components analysis pca regression demonstrate association poverty tb prevalence mediatedthe prevalence selfreported tb 2006 dhs india 545 per 100000 ranged 201 highest quintile 1100 lowest quintile among poorest population pafs low body mass index bmi indoor air pollution 342 285 respectively pca analysis also showed low bmi strongest mediating effect association poverty prevalent tb 12 p 0019tb control strategies targeted poorest populations risk address important determinants diseasespecifically low bmi indoor air pollution
|
https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2016.01.150163
|
Kate E. Pickett|Richard G. Wilkinson|Lauren S. Wakschlag
|
The psychosocial context of pregnancy smoking and quitting in the Millennium Cohort Study
| 2,009 |
University of York|University of Nottingham|University of Illinois at Chicago|University of York
|
although pregnancy time women increased motivation quit smoking approximately half female smokers persist smoking throughout pregnancies persistent pregnancy smokers known nicotine dependent greater sociodemographic disadvantage less known psychosocial context persistent pregnancy smokers factors distinguish pregnancy quittersa crosssectional study conducted within uk millennium cohort study participants 18 225 women including 133 quitters 12 light smokers 8 heavy smokers data collected infants 9 months old maternal psychosocial problems assessed three domains interpersonal adaptive functioning healthrelated behavioursin general psychosocial problems domains increased across pregnancy smoking continuum nonsmoker quitter light smoker heavy smoker three psychosocial domains added incremental utility prediction pregnancy smoking status adjustment sociodemographic riskproblems multiple psychosocial domains systematically distinguish women along pregnancy smoking gradient heavy smokers problematic psychosocial context subgroup pregnant smokers unlikely able benefit usualcare antenatal cessation interventions rely womens capacity selfinitiation selfcontrol social resources consideration given tiered interventions provide intensive targeted interventions pregnant women unable quit usual care
|
https://doi.org/10.1097/01.olq.0000079522.04451.cb
|
Jeffrey R. Wozniak|Edward P. Riley|Michael E. Charness
|
Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
| 2,019 |
University of Minnesota|San Diego State University|Brigham and Women's Hospital|Harvard University|VA Boston Healthcare System
|
although prenatal alcohol exposure causes craniofacial anomalies growth retardation neurological abnormalities cognitive impairment birth defects fetal alcohol spectrum disorder underdiagnosed global prevalence fetal alcohol spectrum disorder 077 higher prevalence 25 europe north america highlighting need increased diagnosis treatment however diagnosis remains challenging poor reliability selfreported maternal drinking histories absence sensitive biomarkers infrequency diagnostic dysmorphic facial features among individuals fetal alcohol spectrum disorder different diagnostic systems disagreements criteria slowed progress diagnosis management disorder neuroimaging shows abnormalities brain structure cortical development white matter microstructure functional connectivity individuals fetal alcohol spectrum disorder abnormalities modify developmental trajectories associated deficits cognition executive function memory vision hearing motor skills behaviour social adaptation promising trials nutritional interventions cognitive rehabilitation therapies underway aim treating cognitive deficits fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12527
|
Jan Klimas|Lauren Gorfinkel|Nadia Fairbairn|Laura Amato|Keith Ahamad|Seonaid Nolan|David L. Simel|Evan Wood
|
Strategies to Identify Patient Risks of Prescription Opioid Addiction When Initiating Opioids for Pain
| 2,019 |
University College Dublin|St. Paul's Hospital|University of British Columbia|British Columbia Centre on Substance Use|Columbia University|St. Paul's Hospital|University of British Columbia|British Columbia Centre on Substance Use|Agenzia Regionale Parchi|St. Paul's Hospital|University of British Columbia|British Columbia Centre on Substance Use|St. Paul's Hospital|University of British Columbia|British Columbia Centre on Substance Use|Durham VA Medical Center|Duke University|St. Paul's Hospital|University of British Columbia|British Columbia Centre on Substance Use
|
although prescription opioid use disorder associated substantial harms strategies identify patients pain among prescription opioids safely prescribed systematically reviewedto review evidence examining factors associated opioid addiction screening tools identifying adult patients high vs low risk developing symptoms prescription opioid addiction initiating prescription opioids painmedline embase january 1946 november 2018 searched articles investigating risks prescription opioid addictionoriginal studies included compared symptoms signs risk factors screening tools among patients developed prescription opioid addiction nottwo investigators independently assessed quality exclude biased unreliable study designs extracted data higher quality studies preferred reporting items systematic reviews metaanalyses diagnostic accuracy studies prismadta reporting guideline followedlikelihood ratios lrs risk factors screening tools calculatedof 1287 identified studies 6 highquality studies included qualitative synthesis 4 included quantitative synthesis 4 highquality studies included quantitative synthesis retrospective studies including total 2 888 346 patients 4470 cases met authors definitions prescription opioid addiction history opioid use disorder lr range 1722 substance use disorder lr range 4217 certain mental health diagnoses eg personality disorder lr 27 95 ci 1841 concomitant prescription certain psychiatric medications eg atypical antipsychotics lr 17 95 ci 1518 appeared useful identifying patients high risk opioid addiction among individual findings absence mood disorder negative lr 050 95 ci 045052 associated lower risk opioid addiction despite widespread use screening tools involving combinations questions based lowquality studies diagnostic performance assessed among highquality studies demonstrated poor performance helping identify patients high vs low riskwhile history substance use disorder certain mental health diagnoses concomitant prescription certain psychiatric medications appeared useful identifying patients higher risk quality studies available symptoms signs screening tools particularly useful identifying lower risk
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2003.10.005
|
Patrice Van Cleemput|Glenys Parry
|
Health status of Gypsy Travellers
| 2,001 |
Sheffield Health and Social Care NHS Foundation Trust|University of Sheffield|Sheffield Health and Social Care NHS Foundation Trust|University of Sheffield
|
although previous studies suggest gypsy travellers poorer health status excess mortality compared general population epidemiological evidence using validated measures nomadic ethnic group aim study compare health status traditional gypsy travellers norms uk population concurrent comparison group using euroqol health status measure eq5deightyseven adult gypsy travellers matched age sex english irish residents registered urban general practice area high social deprivation samples completed eq5d questionnaire interview comparison also made normative data uk general populationtravellers poorer health status settled counterparts two five dimensions mobility activity overall summary score travellers reported significantly poorer health matched comparison group eq5d visual analogue scale travellers comparison group much poorer health status eq5d index uk population norms even compared lowest socioeconomic grouphealth status gypsy travellers significantly poorer lowest socioeconomic uk population group markedly different concurrent matched socially deprived resident group gypsy travellers poorer health status matched comparators relation mobility activity perception overall health quantitative assessment health status traveller community feasible
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.06.014
|
Alyssa S. Meuwissen|Stephanie M. Carlson
|
Fathers matter: The role of father parenting in preschoolers’ executive function development
| 2,015 |
University of Minnesota|University of Minnesota
|
although previous work shown mothers parenting influences development child executive function ef important selfcontrol skills developed preschool years role fathers parenting thoroughly investigated observed fathers autonomy support control dyadic play 3yearold children n pairs 110 measured father child ef independently laboratory tasks found fathers controlling parenting significantly inversely related child ef composite beyond family income child verbal ability results consistent hypothesis fathers important development ef children suggest fathers included research parenting interventions
|
https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.111608
|
Elizabeth Comino|Gawaine Powell Davies|Yordanka Krastev|Marion Haas|Bettina Christl|John Furler|Anthony Raymont|Mark Harris
|
A systematic review of interventions to enhance access to best practice primary health care for chronic disease management, prevention and episodic care
| 2,012 |
UNSW Sydney|UNSW Sydney|UNSW Sydney|University of Technology Sydney|UNSW Sydney|Australian Association for Academic Primary Care|University of Melbourne|Waitemata District Health Board|UNSW Sydney
|
although primary health care phc key component health care systems services always readily available accessible affordable systematic review examines effective strategies enhance access best practice processes phc three domains chronic disease management prevention episodic care extensive search bibliographic data bases identify peer nonpeer reviewed literature undertaken identified papers screened identify classify intervention studies measured impact strategies singly combination change use reach services defined population groups evaluated interventions search identified 3148 citations 121 intervention studies 75 evaluated interventions evaluated interventions found three domains prevention n 45 episodic care n 19 chronic disease management n 11 undertaken number countries including australia n 25 usa n 25 uk n 15 study quality ranked high 31 studies medium 61 low 8 75 evaluated interventions tested range strategies either singly n 46 studies combination two n 20 strategies n 9 strategies targeted health providers patients categorised five groups practice reorganisation n 43 studies patient support n 29 provision new services n 19 workforce development n 11 financial incentives n 9 strategies varied domain reflecting complexity care needs processes 75 evaluated interventions 55 reported positive findings interventions using combination strategies likely report positive results review suggests multiple linked strategies targeting different levels health care system likely improve access best practice phc proposed changes structure phc australia may provide opportunities investigate factors influence access best practice phc develop implement effective evidence based strategies address
|
https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181a92c36
|
Urmimala Sarkar|Lawrence Fisher|Dean Schillinger
|
Is Self-Efficacy Associated With Diabetes Self-Management Across Race/Ethnicity and Health Literacy?
| 2,006 |
University of California, San Francisco|University of California, San Francisco|San Francisco General Hospital|University of California, San Francisco
|
although prior research demonstrated improving diabetes selfefficacy improve selfmanagement behavior little known applicability research across raceethnicity health literacy levels examined relationship diabetes selfefficacy selfmanagement behavior urban diverse lowincome population high prevalence limited health literacywe administered oral questionnaire spanish english patients type 2 diabetes two primary care clinics public hospital measured selfefficacy health literacy selfmanagement behaviors using established instruments performed multivariate regressions explore associations selfefficacy selfmanagement adjusting clinical demographic factors tested interactions selfefficacy raceethnicity health literacy selfmanagementthe study participants ethnically diverse 18 asianpacific islander 25 african american 42 latinoa 15 white 52 limited health literacy short version test functional health literacy adults score 23 diabetes selfefficacy associated four five selfmanagement domains p 001 adjustment 10 increase selfefficacy score patients likely report optimal diet 014 day per week exercise 009 day per week selfmonitoring blood glucose odds ratio 116 foot care 122 medication adherence 110 p 040 associations selfefficacy selfmanagement consistent across raceethnicity health literacy levelsselfefficacy associated selfmanagement behaviors vulnerable population across raceethnicity health literacy levels however magnitude associations suggests among diverse populations study determinants barriers selfmanagement warranted policy efforts focused expanding reach selfmanagement interventions include ethnically diverse populations across spectrum health literacy
|
https://doi.org/10.2337/dc11-1864
|
Danielle F. Haley|Carol E. Golin|Claire E Farel|David A. Wohl|Anna Scheyett|Jenna J. Garrett|David L. Rosen|Sharon Parker
|
Multilevel challenges to engagement in HIV care after prison release: a theory-informed qualitative study comparing prisoners’ perspectives before and after community reentry
| 2,014 |
Georgia Department of Public Health|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of South Carolina|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|Miriam Hospital|Providence College|Brown University
|
although prison provides opportunity hiv diagnosis access inprison care following release many hivinfected inmates experience clinical setbacks including nonadherence antiretrovirals elevations viral load hiv disease progression hivinfected former inmates face numerous barriers successful community reentry accessing healthcare however little known outcome expectations hivinfected inmates release postrelease lives align prerelease expectations processes influence engagement hiv care following release prison conducted semistructured interviews 24 pre 13 postrelease hivinfected inmates enrolled randomized controlled trial case management intervention enhance postrelease linkage care two researchers independently coded data using common codebook intercoder reliability strong kappa 086 analyzed data using grounded theory methodology applied thematic analysis collected compared baseline sociodemographic behavioral characteristics cohort participants participate qualitative interviews using fishers exact tests categorical measures wilcoxon ranksum tests continuous measures participants heterosexual middleaged single african american men women histories substance use substudy participants likely anticipate living familyfriends needing income assistance postrelease taking antiretrovirals prior release anticipated needing help securing health benefits medications postrelease release participants felt confident would able manage hiv however upon release many experienced intermittent prolonged periods antiretroviral nonadherence largely due substance use relapse delays care initiation substance use precipitated stressful life experiences including stigma contact drugusing social networks informed social cognitive theory hiv stigma framework findings illustrate reciprocal relationships among substance use experiences stigma pre postrelease environments skills needed engage hiv care findings underscore need comprehensive evidencebased interventions prepare inmates transition incarceration freedom particularly strengthen linkage hiv care focus realities reentry including stigma meeting basic needs preventing substance abuse identifying community resources
|
https://doi.org/10.1086/683292
|
Crystal Brown|Ruth A. Engelberg|Rashmi Sharma|Lois Downey|James Fausto|Jackie Sibley|William B. Lober|Nita Khandelwal|Elizabeth T. Loggers|J. Randall Curtis
|
Race/Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status, and Healthcare Intensity at the End of Life
| 2,018 |
University of Washington|University of Washington|University of Washington|University of Washington|University of Washington|University of Washington Medical Center|University of Washington|University of Washington|University of Washington Medical Center|University of Washington|University of Washington|Fred Hutch Cancer Center|Seattle Cancer Care Alliance|University of Washington
|
although racialethnic minorities receive intense nonbeneficial healthcare end life role raceethnicity independent social determinants health well understoodexamine association raceethnicity key social determinants health healthcare intensity last 30 days life chronic lifelimiting illnesswe identified 22068 decedents chronic illness cared single healthcare system washington state died 2010 2015 linked electronic health records death certificate databinomial regression models used test associations healthcare intensity raceethnicity insurance status education median income zip code path analyses tested direct indirect effects raceethnicity insurance education median income zip code used mediatorswe examined three measures healthcare intensity 1 intensive care unit admission 2 use mechanical ventilation 3 receipt cardiopulmonary resuscitationminority raceethnicity lower income educational attainment medicaid military insurance associated higher intensity care socioeconomic disadvantage accounted higher intensity racialethnic minorities effects direct effects raceethnicitythe effects minority raceethnicity healthcare intensity end life partly mediated social determinants health future interventions address factors driving direct indirect effects raceethnicity healthcare intensity
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-12-122
|
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