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Bruce Campbell|Sonja J. Vermeulen|Pramod Aggarwal|Caitlin Corner-Dolloff|Evan Girvetz|Ana María Loboguerrero|Julián Ramírez-Villegas|Todd S. Rosenstock|L. S. Sebastian|Philip K. Thornton|Eva K. Wollenberg
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Reducing risks to food security from climate change
| 2,016 |
International Center for Tropical Agriculture|University of Copenhagen|International Water Management Institute|International Center for Tropical Agriculture|International Center for Tropical Agriculture|International Center for Tropical Agriculture|University of Leeds|International Center for Tropical Agriculture|World Agroforestry Centre|International Rice Research Institute|International Livestock Research Institute|University of Vermont
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climate change farreaching impacts crop livestock fisheries production change prevalence crop pests many impacts already measurable climate impact studies dominated crop yields despite limitations climatecrop modelling little attention paid systems components cropping let alone dimensions food security given serious threats food security attention shift actionoriented research agenda see four key challenges changing culture research b deriving stakeholderdriven portfolios options farmers communities countries c ensuring adaptation actions relevant vulnerable climate change combining adaptation mitigation
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https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009739
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Petra Döll
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Vulnerability to the impact of climate change on renewable groundwater resources: a global-scale assessment
| 2,009 |
Goethe University Frankfurt
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climate change lead significant changes groundwater recharge thus renewable groundwater resources using global water resources use model watergap impact climate change groundwater recharge number affected people computed four climate scenarios two climate models vulnerability humans decreased groundwater resources depends degree decrease sensitivity human system decrease grid cell sensitivity index composed water scarcity indicator indicator dependence water supply groundwater human development index quantified combining per cent groundwater recharge decrease sensitivity index global maps vulnerability impact decreased groundwater recharge 2050s derived a2 b2 emissions scenario 184193 161181 global population 107 91 billion would affected groundwater recharge decreases least 10 4857 3838 global population would two highest vulnerability classes highest vulnerabilities found north african rim mediterranean sea southwestern africa northeastern brazil central andes areas moderate high sensitivity areas high population density high sensitivity model results indicate groundwater recharge unlikely decrease 10 2050s however fifth third population may affected groundwater recharge increase 10 negative impacts case shallow water tables spatial distribution vulnerability even continental scale differs strongly two climate models two emissions scenarios
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https://doi.org/10.1038/ng0808-939
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Haroon ur Rashid Khan|Bushra Usman|Khalid Zaman|Abdelmohsen A. Nassani|Mohamed Haffar|Gulnaz Muneer
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The impact of carbon pricing, climate financing, and financial literacy on COVID-19 cases: go-for-green healthcare policies
| 2,022 |
University of Wollongong in Dubai|Forman Christian College|University of Haripur|King Saud University|University of Business and Technology|University of Birmingham|Bahauddin Zakariya University
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climate finance carbon pricing regarded sustainable policy mechanisms mitigating negative environmental externalities via development green financing projects imposition taxes carbon pollution generation financial literacy indicates beneficial invest cleaner technology advance environmental sustainability goal current wave covid19 epidemic detrimental effect world economies health income pandemic crisis dwarfs previous global financial crises terms scope severity collapsing global financial markets studys primary contribution constructing climate funding index cfi based four critical factors inbound foreign direct investment renewable energy usage research development spending carbon damages crosssectional panel 43 nations research evaluates effect climate funding financial literacy carbon pricing lowering exposure coronavirus cases study utilized newtonraphson marquardt steps estimate current parameter estimates evaluating covid19 prediction model level regressors using robust least squares regression model sestimator additionally innovation accounting matrix predicts estimations specific period findings indicate climate finance significantly reduces coronavirus exposure introducing green financing initiatives benefit human health eventually strengthens immune systems ability fight infectious illnesses financial literacy carbon pricing hand ineffectual controlling coronavirus infections due rising economic activity densely inhabited areas enable transmission coronavirus cases across countries similar findings obtained using alternative regression apparatus covid19 predicted variable used response variable climate financing shown favorable impact containing coronavirus exposure shown innovation accounting matrix carbon pricing would drastically decrease coronavirus cases exposure time horizon study concludes climate finance carbon pricing critical improving air quality indicators improved countries health wealth allowing reduce coronavirus infections via sustainable healthcare reforms
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https://doi.org/10.1177/0022146517715671
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Katherine R. Clifford|William R. Travis
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Knowing climate as a social-ecological-atmospheric construct
| 2,018 |
University of Colorado Boulder|University of Colorado Boulder
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climate perception broadly construed include interpretations experienced climate beliefs climate works changes attitudes climate issues human role climate change even climate preferences recent literature stressed three main themes attitudes beliefs anthropogenic climate change climate literacy experienced knowledge climate change study focuses people come know climate climate change fundamental way discern structure knowledges conducted semistructured interviews residents basin us rocky mountains whose livelihoods avocations bring routine contact weather climate landscape analysis climate knowledge three categories features processes benchmarks placed perspective previous research climate knowledges yielded three findings 1 people often focus climaterelated proxies might disregarded tangential within narrow definitions climate 2 people use rubrics structure climate knowledge understand climate relational connected 3 climate knowledge isolate individual climate elements accentuates complex way many processes together constitute climate findings reveal interviewees climate socialecologicalatmospheric construct theoretical methodological implications future research climate perception illuminates challenge linking perception effective mitigation adaptation
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https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.18-12-0238
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Terence Épule Épule|James D. Ford|Shuaib Lwasa|Laurent Lepage
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Vulnerability of Maize Yields to Droughts in Uganda
| 2,017 |
McGill University|McGill University|Makerere University|Université du Québec à Montréal
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climate projections subsaharan africa ssa forecast increase intensity frequency droughts implications maize production studies examined maize might affected continental level national subnational studies vulnerability develop vulnerability index combines sensitivity exposure adaptive capacity integrates agroecological climatic socioeconomic variables evaluate national spatial pattern maize yield vulnerability droughts uganda results show maize yields north uganda vulnerable droughts south nationally adaptive capacity higher south country north maize yields also record higher levels sensitivity exposure north uganda south latitudinally observed maize yields uganda tend record higher levels vulnerability exposure sensitivity towards higher latitudes contrast adaptive capacity maize yields higher towards lower latitudes addition lower precipitation levels north country observations also explained poor soil quality north socioeconomic proxies higher poverty lower literacy rates north uganda
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https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/16.73.75
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Jennifer Weuve|Cécile Proust?Lima|Melinda C. Power|Alden L. Gross|Scott M. Hofer|Rodolphe Thiébaut|Geneviève Chêne|M. Maria Glymour|Carole Dufouil
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Guidelines for reporting methodological challenges and evaluating potential bias in dementia research
| 2,015 |
Rush University Medical Center|Bordeaux Population Health|Inserm|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins University|University of Victoria|Bordeaux Population Health|Inserm|Bordeaux Population Health|Inserm|University of California, San Francisco|Harvard University|Bordeaux Population Health|Inserm
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clinical population research dementia related neurologic conditions including alzheimers disease faces several unique methodological challenges progress identify preventive therapeutic strategies rests valid rigorous analytic approaches research literature reflects little consensus best practices present findings large scientific working group research methods clinical population studies dementia identified five categories methodological challenges follows 1 attritionsample selection including selective survival 2 measurement including uncertainty diagnostic criteria measurement error neuropsychological assessments practice retest effects 3 specification longitudinal models participants followed months years even decades 4 timevarying measurements 5 highdimensional data explain challenge important dementia research could compromise translation research findings effective prevention care strategies advance checklist potential sources bias routinely addressed reporting dementia research
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https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124635
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Qi Zhou|Zhenyu Hu|Guolin Bian|Hui Yu|Xingxing Li|Yin Lu|Chang Yu|Xianglan Li|Qunyan Yao|Wenhua Zhou|Ti?Fei Yuan|Dongsheng Zhou
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Mental health and psychosocial function of general population during the COVID?19 epidemic in China
| 2,020 |
Ningbo Kangning Hospital|Ningbo Kangning Hospital|Ningbo Kangning Hospital|Ningbo Kangning Hospital|Ningbo Kangning Hospital|Ningbo Kangning Hospital|Ningbo Kangning Hospital|Ningbo Kangning Hospital|Ningbo Kangning Hospital|Ningbo Kangning Hospital|Ningbo University|Shanghai Mental Health Center|Shanghai Jiao Tong University|Nantong University|Ningbo Kangning Hospital
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clinical translational medicinevolume 10 issue 2 e103 letter editoropen access mental health psychosocial function general population covid19 epidemic china qi zhou qi zhou orcidorg0000000276160313 ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang chinasearch papers authorzhenyu hu zhenyu hu ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang chinasearch papers authorguolin bian guolin bian ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang chinasearch papers authorhaihang yu haihang yu ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang chinasearch papers authorxingxing li xingxing li ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang chinasearch papers authoryin lu yin lu ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang chinasearch papers authorchang yu chang yu ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang chinasearch papers authorxianglan li xianglan li ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang chinasearch papers authorqin yao qin yao ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang chinasearch papers authorwenhua zhou corresponding author wenhua zhou email protected ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang china laboratory behavioral neuroscience ningbo addiction research treatment center school medicine ningbo university ningbo china correspondence wenhua zhou ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang china email email protected tifei yuan shanghai key laboratory psychotic disorders shanghai mental health center shanghai jiao tong university school medicine shanghai china email email protected dongsheng zhou ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang china email email protectedsearch papers authortifei yuan corresponding author tifei yuan email protected orcidorg000000030510715x shanghai key laboratory psychotic disorders shanghai mental health center shanghai jiao tong university school medicine shanghai china coinnovation center neuroregeneration nantong university nantong china correspondence wenhua zhou ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang china email email protected tifei yuan shanghai key laboratory psychotic disorders shanghai mental health center shanghai jiao tong university school medicine shanghai china email email protected dongsheng zhou ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang china email email protectedsearch papers authordongsheng zhou corresponding author dongsheng zhou email protected ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang china correspondence wenhua zhou ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang china email email protected tifei yuan shanghai key laboratory psychotic disorders shanghai mental health center shanghai jiao tong university school medicine shanghai china email email protected dongsheng zhou ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang china email email protectedsearch papers author qi zhou qi zhou orcidorg0000000276160313 ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang chinasearch papers authorzhenyu hu zhenyu hu ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang chinasearch papers authorguolin bian guolin bian ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang chinasearch papers authorhaihang yu haihang yu ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang chinasearch papers authorxingxing li xingxing li ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang chinasearch papers authoryin lu yin lu ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang chinasearch papers authorchang yu chang yu ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang chinasearch papers authorxianglan li xianglan li ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang chinasearch papers authorqin yao qin yao ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang chinasearch papers authorwenhua zhou corresponding author wenhua zhou email protected ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang china laboratory behavioral neuroscience ningbo addiction research treatment center school medicine ningbo university ningbo china correspondence wenhua zhou ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang china email email protected tifei yuan shanghai key laboratory psychotic disorders shanghai mental health center shanghai jiao tong university school medicine shanghai china email email protected dongsheng zhou ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang china email email protectedsearch papers authortifei yuan corresponding author tifei yuan email protected orcidorg000000030510715x shanghai key laboratory psychotic disorders shanghai mental health center shanghai jiao tong university school medicine shanghai china coinnovation center neuroregeneration nantong university nantong china correspondence wenhua zhou ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang china email email protected tifei yuan shanghai key laboratory psychotic disorders shanghai mental health center shanghai jiao tong university school medicine shanghai china email email protected dongsheng zhou ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang china email email protectedsearch papers authordongsheng zhou corresponding author dongsheng zhou email protected ningbo key laboratory sleep medicine ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang china correspondence wenhua zhou ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang china email email protected tifei yuan shanghai key laboratory psychotic disorders shanghai mental health center shanghai jiao tong university school medicine shanghai china email email protected dongsheng zhou ningbo kangning hospital ningbo zhejiang china email email protectedsearch papers author first published 11 june 2020 httpsdoiorg101002ctm2103citations 6 qi zhou zhenyu hu guolin bian haihang yu contributed equally study aboutsectionspdf toolsrequest permissionexport citationadd favoritestrack citation shareshare give accessshare full text accessshare fulltext accessplease review terms conditions use check box share fulltext version articlei read accept wiley online library terms conditions useshareable linkuse link share fulltext version article friends colleagues learn morecopy url dear editor since december 2019 covid19 caused severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 sarscov2 emerged rapidly spread many countries1 2 10 april 2020 number confirmed cases china3 increased 83 307 confirmed cases world increased 1 439 5164 covid19 epidemic resulted serious threats health safety well various psychological problems high levels perceived stress insomnia anxiety depression symptoms5 previous studies reported medical workers experiencing tremendous pressure factors high risk infection overwork depression emotionally impacted negative patients lack protection families shown exhibit longterm psychological implications6 7 study utilized online survey method measure incidence severity psychological disturbances general public conducted crosssectional study online survey 23 february 2020 1 march 2020 using questionnaire star platform provided qr code questionnaire survey online general public nationwide investigation period corresponded decreasing period maximum point covid19 outbreak china 2 months covid19 epidemic outbreak wuhan subjects participated survey asked whether would like participate survey prior enrollment online survey includes questions sociodemographic clinical variables addition selfreporting questionnaire20 srq20 athens insomnia scale ais chinese version perceived stress scale cpss used evaluate stress responses ie 7 srq20 insomnia ie 6 ais stress ie 29 cpss among respondents 784 male 322 1651 female 678 observe gender differences srq20 ais scales perceived stress cpss score higher male female 2726 vs 2703 p 009 people younger 20 years lowest ais scores mean sd 285 331 cpss scores mean sd 2647 948 60 years old showed highest score ais scores mean sd 402 480 cpss scores mean sd 3009 108 divorced individuals showed highest score ais scores mean sd 357 451 cpss scores mean sd 2762 893 14 different occupations farmers scored highest ais scores mean sd 656 799 civil servants highest score cpss scores mean sd 3059 854 participants low literacy highest ais scores mean sd 1067 1222 cpss scores mean sd 3100 2848 comparison provinces hubei province presented highest ais scores mean sd 463 805 cpss scores mean sd 3263 1227 table 1 figure 1 table 1 sociodemographic characteristics general population n srq ais cpss gender male 784 322 197 336 326 353 2726 1009 female 1651 678 176 289 311 330 2703 803 pvalue 805 766 009 age years 20 377 1548 173 299 285 331 2647 948 2039 1505 6181 173 297 311 332 2685 862 4059 510 2094 216 324 346 343 2807 824 60 43 177 207 373 402 480 3009 1082 pvalue 194 007 001 marital status married 1114 4575 192 302 350 346 2761 866 unmarried 1273 5228 171 303 286 324 2667 876 widowed 6 025 167 207 200 210 2417 1602 divorced 42 172 283 437 357 451 2762 893 pvalue 205 001 001 occupation farmer 9 037 600 733 656 799 2989 1910 enterprise staff 225 924 168 266 303 316 2802 883 business unit personnel 214 879 198 327 324 309 2860 871 selfemployed businessman 18 074 261 374 372 323 2561 1063 soldier 1 004 na na na student 1069 439 166 293 277 318 2647 888 immigrant laborer 5 021 460 422 500 316 2740 439 medical staff 729 2994 190 315 351 355 2707 821 civil servant 27 111 241 258 456 433 3059 854 freelance 24 099 267 317 371 353 2800 848 retiree 41 168 159 243 351 365 2983 872 unemployed 11 045 327 380 400 322 2373 901 others 62 254 196 292 389 343 2714 893 pvalue 578 001 001 education level illiteracy 3 012 667 1155 1067 1222 3100 2848 primary 5 021 660 811 500 381 2260 1455 junior middle school 38 156 258 379 339 365 2895 1128 high school 85 349 195 265 349 331 2572 1068 college 1202 4936 171 299 287 326 2648 895 undergraduate 771 3166 182 292 338 336 2760 791 bachelor degree 331 1359 203 325 350 355 2840 842 pvalue 580 001 001 geographical location hubei province 8 033 338 682 463 805 3263 1227 zhejiang province 1161 4768 186 298 340 342 2752 840 guangdong province 9 037 111 267 133 173 2233 1054 henan province 21 086 367 553 419 435 3005 704 regions country 1232 5060 177 302 292 326 2668 898 abroad 4 016 000 000 275 359 2125 1646 pvalue 495 001 003 note data presented mean sd significant results highlighted p 05 bold mannwhitney u test kruskalwallis test independent samples abbreviations srq20 selfreport questionnaire20 ais athens insomnia scale cpss chinese version perceived stress scale na applicable figure 1open figure viewerpowerpoint distribution different populations critical value different scales scores different populations different scales compared size bubble represents proportion different people scale b scores different populations selfreport questionnaire20 scale srq20 compared c scores different populations athens insomnia scale ais compared scores different populations chinese version perceived stress scale cpss compared spearmans correlation analysis table s1 showed significant correlations srq20 ais cpss scales age marital status geographical location binary logistic regression analysis table s2 showed risk insomnia general population independently associated four variables age occupation marital status geographical location p 05 risk stress general population independently associated three variables gender occupation education level p 05 risk factors associated stress response found general population multiple stepwise regression analyses table s3 showed age associated srq20 scores occupation marital status associated ais scores age education level associated cpss scores present study investigated prevalence psychosocial issues general population covid19 epidemic environment age education profession shown significant risk factors contributing stress vulnerability general population report found people older 60 years reported severe symptoms scales one possibility elderly found highest mortality rates covid19 epidemic another possibility older adults unable go engage normal social interactions therefore may caused greater psychological stress another particularly affected group farmers may concerns regarding inadequate medical skills conditions rural areas noteworthy people lower levels education experienced highest level distress among occupations may due insufficient knowledge reputable sources information concerns whether return work extended working hours reduced expected income may explain high stress level among people different occupations forced suspend work production epidemic meanwhile compared areas outside hubei province people hubei province reported severe symptoms insomnia stress likely due fact hubei province origin center epidemic also found degree public psychological distress decreased significantly time measurement scales reach clinical levels severity two major reasons may explain low psychological stress response general population first covid19 epidemic local national mental health institutions providing psychological counseling intervention various means including telephone internet social media applications8 second chinese government took sweeping measures ensure public education medical security medical isolation control population mobility resource allocation across country9 moreover measures undertaken strengthen individual protection reduce gatherings reduce outings stop spread virus number new cases gradually brought control conclusion found prevalence psychosocial symptoms risk factors higher vulnerable groups elderly farmers individuals low literacy levels order reduce psychosocial distress prevent mental health problems necessary institute proper mental health wellbeing system targeted public author contributions qi zhou guolin bian zhenyu hu haihang yu associated investigation statistical analysis writingoriginal draft xingxing li yin lu xianglan li qin yao chang yu helped technical material support data curation wenhua zhou tifei yuan dongsheng zhou associated conceptualization methodology writingreview editing conflict interest authors declare conflict interest funding information study supported medical health brand discipline ningbo ppxk201808 ningbo municipal innovation team life science health 2015c110026 acknowledgments authors thank participants contributed work supporting information filename description ctm2103sup0001tablesdoc665 kb supporting material please note publisher responsible content functionality supporting information supplied authors queries missing content directed corresponding author article references 1li q gaun x wu p et al early transmission dynamics wuhan china novel coronavirusinfected pneumonia n engl j med 2020 38213 1199 1207 2zhang l wang dc huang q wang x significance clinical phenomes patients covid19 infection learning 3795 patients 80 reports clin transl med 2020 10 28 35 3 national health commission china updates novel coronavirus outbreak april 10 2020 httpwwwnhcgovcnxcsyqtb202004be5fdf84937844bcb88841c2c6bb8145shtml accessed april 11 2020 4 world health organization updates novel coronavirus outbreak april 10 2020 httpswwwwhointemergenciesdiseasesnovelcoronavirus2019 accessed april 11 2020 5chen n zhou dong x et al epidemiological clinical characteristics 99 cases 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia wuhan china descriptive study lancet 2020 39510223 507 513 6kang l li hu et al mental health medical workers wuhan china dealing 2019 novel coronavirus lancet psychiat 2020 73e14 7she j jiang j ye l hu l bai c song 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia wuhan china emerging attack management strategies clin transl med 2020 91 19 8lai j wang et al factors associated mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed coronavirus disease 2019 jama netw open 2020 33e203976 9yang q zhou ai j et al collaborated effort sarscov2 outbreak china clin transl med 2020 10 13 16 citing literature volume10 issue2june 2020e103 figuresreferencesrelatedinformation
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-021-00291-4
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Vanessa B. Sheppard|Darren Mays|Kenneth P. Tercyak|Thomas A. LaVeist
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Medical Mistrust Influences Black Women’s Level of Engagement in BRCA1/2 Genetic Counseling and Testing
| 2,013 |
Georgetown University Medical Center|Georgetown University|Georgetown University Medical Center|Georgetown University|Georgetown University Medical Center|Georgetown University|Johns Hopkins University
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clinical evidence supports value brca12 genetic counseling testing managing hereditary breast ovarian cancer risk however brca12 genetic counseling testing underutilized among black women reasons low use remain elusive examined potential influence sociocultural factors medical mistrust concerns genetic discrimination genetic counseling testing engagement sample 100 black women increased risk carrying brca12 mutation eligible participants fell 1 3 groups 1 healthy women least 1 firstdegree relative affected breast andor ovarian cancer 2 women diagnosed breast cancer age less equal 50 years 3 women diagnosed breast andor ovarian cancer age greater equal 50 years either 1 firstdegree relative 2 seconddegree relatives breast andor ovarian cancer participants recruited clinical community settings completed semistructured interview study variable relationships examined using bivariate tests multivariate regression analysis expected genetic counseling testing engagement among sample low 28 accounting sociodemographic factors selfefficacy 037 p 001 women higher medical mistrust lower genetic counseling testing engagement 026 p 01 communitylevel individual interventions needed improve utilization genetic counseling testing among underserved women along trust building patients providers strategies enhance womens personal confidence impact medical mistrust realization benefits personalized medicine minority populations examined future studies
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6943-6
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Joseph Tawanda Jamu|Hannah Lowi-Jones|Colin Mitchell
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Just in time? Using QR codes for multi-professional learning in clinical practice
| 2,016 |
University of the West of England|Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust|Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
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clinical guidelines policies widely available hospital intranet internet difficult access required time place clinical staff smartphones could use quick response qr codes contemporaneous access relevant information support time learning jitl paradigm several studies advocate use smartphones enhance learning amongst medical students junior doctors uk however participants already technologically orientated limited studies explore use smartphones nursing practice qr codes generated topic positioned relevant locations medical ward support training provided staff website analytics semistructured interviews performed evaluate efficacy acceptability feasibility using qr codes facilitate time learning use intermittently high sustained thematic analysis interviews revealed positive assessment time learning paradigm contextsensitive clinical information however notable barriers acceptance including usability qr codes appropriateness smartphone use clinical environment use time learning education reference may beneficial healthcare professionals however alternative methods access less technologically literate users change culture mobile device use clinical areas may needed
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https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/sos192
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Karen Eden|Paula Scariati|Krystal A. Klein|Lindsey Watson|Mark Remiker|Michelle R. Hribar|Vanessa A. Forro|LeAnn Michaels|Heidi D Nelson
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Mammography Decision Aid Reduces Decisional Conflict for Women in Their Forties Considering Screening
| 2,015 |
Oregon Health & Science University|Marin Endocrine Care and Research|Oregon Health & Science University|Oregon Health & Science University|Research Network (United States)|Oregon Health & Science University|Oregon Health & Science University|Research Network (United States)|Oregon Health & Science University|Research Network (United States)|Oregon Health & Science University|Oregon Health & Science University|Providence Health & Services
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clinical guidelines recommend personalized approach mammography screening women forties however methods lacking evidencebased mammography screening decision aid developed electronic mobile application evaluated beforeafter studythe decision aid mammopad included modules breast cancer mammography risk assessment priority setting screening women aged 4049 years patients rural primary care clinics major risk factors breast cancer mammography previous year invited use decision aid twenty women participated pretesting decision aid 75 additional women completed beforeafter study primary outcome decisional conflict measured using mammopad secondary outcomes included decision selfefficacy intention begin continue mammography screening differences comparing measures versus use determined using wilcoxon signed rank testsafter using mammopad women reported reduced decisional conflict based mean decisional conflict scale scores overall 4633 versus 833 z 7225 p 0001 subscales p 0001 women also reported increased mean decision selfefficacy scale scores 7967 versus 9573 z 6816 p 0001 although 19 women changed screening intentions statistically significantwomen reported less conflict decisions mammography screening felt confident make decisions using mammopad approach may help guide women decision making process determine personalized screening choices appropriate
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https://doi.org/10.52041/srap.04104
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Niti Y. Chokshi|Dipika Patel|Carla M. Davis
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Long-term increase in epinephrine availability associated with school nurse training in food allergy
| 2,015 |
Texas Children's Hospital|Baylor College of Medicine|Texas Children's Hospital|Baylor College of Medicine|Texas Children's Hospital|Baylor College of Medicine
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clinical implicationsa single food allergy education session targeting school nurses increased availability epinephrine children food allergies effect sustained 2 years study details feasible model increase nationwide school availability lifesaving treatment single food allergy education session targeting school nurses increased availability epinephrine children food allergies effect sustained 2 years study details feasible model increase nationwide school availability lifesaving treatment food allergy serious disease affects 5 us children1boyce ja assaad burks aw jones sm sampson ha wood ra et alguidelines diagnosis management food allergy united states summary niaidsponsored expert panel reportj diet assoc 2011 111 1727abstract full text full text pdf pubmed scopus 26 google scholar approximately 18 23 children food allergies experience reactions school setting accounts 28 anaphylaxis fatalities2sicherer sh mahr american academy pediatrics section allergy immunology management food allergy school settingpediatrics 2010 126 12321239crossref pubmed scopus 101 google scholar 3versluis knulst ac kruizinga ag michelsen houben gf baumert jl et alfrequency severity causes unexpected allergic reactions food systematic literature reviewclin exp allergy 2014 httpsdoiorg101111cea12328crossref pubmed scopus 72 google scholar one critical risk factor death anaphylaxis delay epinephrine administration4simons kj simons fe epinephrine use anaphylaxis current issuescurr opin allergy clin immunol 2010 10 354361crossref pubmed scopus 155 google scholar readily accessible injectable epinephrine devices integral safety children food allergies5shah ss parker cl smith eo davis cm disparity availability injectable epinephrine large diverse us school districtj allergy clin immunol 2014 2 288293abstract full text full text pdf scopus 29 google scholar addition lower socioeconomic schools shown fewer injectable epinephrine devices nonlow socioeconomic schools5shah ss parker cl smith eo davis cm disparity availability injectable epinephrine large diverse us school districtj allergy clin immunol 2014 2 288293abstract full text full text pdf scopus 29 google scholar recently president obama signed law school access emergency epinephrine act provides incentives states require schools stock epinephrine6gregory n president obama signs school access emergency epinephrine act food allergy research education november 13 2013 available httpwwwfoodallergyorg accessed january 16 2014google scholar training school personnel essential component epinephrine device placement schools texas studentspecific epinephrine allowed every child food allergy must onsite prescribed epinephrine receive anaphylaxis treatment hypothesized single didactic session targeting houston independent school district nurses would increase identification children food allergies decrease allergic reactions increase availability studentspecific injectable epinephrine devices low nonlow socioeconomic schools evaluation number children food allergies allergic reactions injectable epinephrine devices 2 years 2011 didactic session school nurses performed education addressed allergic reaction symptoms treatment case studies handson injectable epinephrine device practice table number children food allergies injectable epinephrine devices obtained 2 control school districts school socioeconomic status based national school lunch program low socioeconomic schools defined 70 student participation national school lunch program nonlow socioeconomic schools 70 participation wilcoxon signed ranked test utilized compare number children food allergies allergic reactions injectable epinephrine devicestable ischool education workshop contentsessionscomponents1 didactic lecture entitled food allergy 101recognition management food allergyeducation parents children2 group discussion handouts including food allergyassess type reaction mild vs life threateningassess suitability response benadryl vs epinephrine3 practice sessiondetermination benadryl dose 1 teaspoon10 kgepinephrine trainer groups 234 didactic lecture entitled school management food allergiesschool avoidance strategiescomponents school policy management students lifethreatening allergies5 development individualized school policy open table new tab sixtytwo nurses representing approximately 61000 students per year responded surveys 39 responding study years 2010 2013 2010 2012 84 schools low socioeconomic schools although significantly injectable epinephrine devices per school nonlow low socioeconomic schools pre posteducation experienced statistically significant increase injectable epinephrine devices posteducation table ii significant increase seen total number responding schools compared table iia schools measured years analyzed table iib statistically significant difference amount increase injectable epinephrine devices based socioeconomic status p 07table iinumber schools epinephrine devices student number 2010 2012number schoolsmean epinephrine devices per schoolsdp value effect sesp value effect timemean number students food allergysda total number responding schools 2010001nonlow ses12583341171592low ses76092110618725 2012001nonlow ses217576190278919652low ses1161681940001192247b schools data 2010 2012 2010001nonlow ses1061371761751low ses51104122625785 2012001nonlow ses1089630278107665low ses512220000128631sd standard deviation ses socioeconomic schools open table new tab sd standard deviation ses socioeconomic schools notably 2010 2012 allergic reactions decreased 15 children food allergies reacting 2010 0 2012 p 014 number studentspecific injectable epinephrine devices increased p 001 effect sustained 2013 without continued education 2010 2012 correlation injectable epinephrine devices children food allergies increased figure 1 2012 2013 intervention district posteducation ratio epinephrine device child food allergy 077 compared control district 0185 addition smaller texas control school district demonstrated significant increase ratio epinephrine device child food allergy 008 01 2010 2013 targeted nursing education significantly affected school preparedness allergic reactions food increased number studentspecific injectable epinephrine devices per child food allergy decreased allergic reactions one educational session eliminated allergic reactions food 2012 hypothesize one mechanisms improvement reviewing school food avoidance techniques education effective methods prevent accidental exposures school setting prevention effective strategy protecting children food allergies drastic reduction allergic reactions food argues importance school education regarding food allergies nursing staff reported educational intervention facilitated identification symptoms associated allergic reactions food particularly clarifying difference asthma exacerbations allergic reactions food example wheezing postexposure food allergens often treated asthma medications rather epinephrine indicated anaphylaxis previous studies shown school personnel poor understanding anaphylaxis signs symptoms use injectable epinephrine devices7muraro agache clark sheikh roberts g akdis ca et aleaaci food allergy anaphylaxis guidelines managing patients food allergy communityallergy 2014 69 10461057crossref pubmed scopus 108 google scholar prompt recognition symptoms food allergy imperative early administration lifesaving epinephrine per nursing staff educational session increased awareness need subsequent availability physiciancomposed food allergy action plans suggest mechanism increase epinephrine availability food allergy action plans document patients food allergies well treatments indicated specific symptoms recommended children food allergies2sicherer sh mahr american academy pediatrics section allergy immunology management food allergy school settingpediatrics 2010 126 12321239crossref pubmed scopus 101 google scholar action plans intervention schools emphasize importance epinephrine administration reactions may one mechanism injectable epinephrine devices increased schools two control school districts texas without food allergy educational intervention showed number epinephrine devices number children food allergies ratios similar houston independent school district preeducation thus increased community awareness alone could account increase number epinephrine devices posteducation houston school district evaluate whether educational session could effective setting limited resources compared low nonlow socioeconomic schools patients lower socioeconomic status experience many factors limit access medical care including lower health literacy8national center education statisticsthe health literacy americas adults results 2003 national assessment adult literacy us department education washington dc2006google scholar poorer understanding signs symptoms food allergy despite factors single school nurse educational intervention equally effective low nonlow socioeconomic schools longer term studies needed assess intervention effectively bridge gap number epinephrine devices low nonlow socioeconomic schools single educational session made dramatic sustainable impact availability lifesaving epinephrine large urban school district although school access emergency epinephrine act increase availability nonassigned injectable epinephrine devices education food allergy indications epinephrine device use increased availability assigned epinephrine devices still needed single intervention provides model feasible nationwide school food allergy education plan enhance safety children food allergies sincerely thank danielle guffey ms charles minard phd dan l duncan institute clinical translational research baylor college medicine help statistical analysis
|
https://doi.org/10.28945/1168
|
Colleen Ryan|Jennifer Mulvogue
|
An evaluation of professional development for staff working with nursing students in distress
| 2,022 |
Central Queensland University|Central Queensland University
|
clinical learning experiences known exacerbate nursing student anxiety causing present clinical placement distressed meaning anxious states students already living anxiety also likely suffer setbacks time supervising registered nurses rns clinical settings struggle support student cohort professional development activity designed introduce rns higher education nursing students known mental health concerns anxiety arm strategies working distressed students research approach enabled researchers collaborate participants employed design intervention study evaluated impact educational intervention 45 australian rn supervisors two tailed ttests chosen explore statistical difference pre posttest mean results across survey items 95 confidence interval used statistical significance set 005 evaluation indicated activity could useful improving supervising rns mental health literacy thus enhancing understanding work distressed students participants recommended activity offered staff supporting student clinical learning collaboration nursing researchers nursing clinical staff produced meaningful professional development activity motivated participants increase mental health literacy understanding strategies support distressed students future projects adopt similar approaches would support rns ability support students clinical learning students distress would also benefit
|
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13167-019-00185-y
|
Kai Ming Chow|Cheuk?Chun Szeto|Chi Bon Leung|Man Ching Law|Philip Kam?Tao Li
|
Impact of social factors on patients on peritoneal dialysis
| 2,005 |
Chinese University of Hong Kong|Chinese University of Hong Kong|Chinese University of Hong Kong|Chinese University of Hong Kong|Chinese University of Hong Kong
|
clinical outcomes among patients peritoneal dialysis pd might linked medical factors alone studied clinical impact various social factors among patients pdin cohort 102 consecutive patients started pd single centre 2003 2004 evaluated effects social factors development peritonitis risk hospitalization initiation pdof 102 incident pd patients 35 subjects 343 referred nephrologists 3 months dialysis initiation 857 patientyears observation median followup 107 months four subjects died six underwent kidney transplantation patients receiving social security assistance younger 40 years fared worse others terms risk peritonitis mean peritonitisfree time subjects social security assistance 27 months 164 months p 0045 cox proportional hazards analysis need social security assistance illiteracy statistically significant factors associated time first peritonitis adjustment social characteristics relevant coexisting medical factors dependence social security assistance prior pd associated 2fold increased likelihood peritonitis adjusted risk ratio 269 95 confidence interval 110 654 p 0029 total number hospitalization days similar received social security assistance 174146 days range 450 days vs 179140 days range 060 days p 089our results confirm socioeconomic status closely associated rate peritonitis among pd patients longterm reliability social predictors remains validated
|
https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2014.272
|
Paula Gardiner|Julia Whelan|Laura F. White|Amanda C. Filippelli|Nazleen Bharmal|Ted J. Kaptchuk
|
A Systematic Review of the Prevalence of Herb Usage Among Racial/Ethnic Minorities in the United States
| 2,012 |
Boston Medical Center|Boston University|Boston Public Library|Harvard University|Boston Medical Center|Boston University|University of California, Los Angeles|Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center|Harvard University
|
clinical studies display wide range herb use prevalence among racialethnic minorities united states searched databases indexing literature including cinahl embase global health cab abstracts medline included studies reported herbal medicine prevalence among ethnic minorities african american hispanic asian adults living united states data 108 included studies found prevalence herb use african americans 17 range 146 hispanics 30 4100 asians 30 273 smaller studies associated higher reported herb use p 003 significant difference p 001 regional national studies regional studies reporting higher use herb usage surveys racialethnic minorities show great variability indications suggest high prevalence research needed understand herb use among ethnicracial minorities reasons use barriers disclosure use clinicians
|
https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2014.07.002
|
X. Grace|Yin Tan|Natasha Blakeney|Brenda Seals|S Xiang|Shumenghui Zhai|Amy Liu|Yanfei Tai|Margo Michaels
|
The Impact of a Community-Based Clinical Trial Educational Intervention among Underrepresented Chinese Americans
| 2,014 |
Boston University|Boston University|Boston University|Boston University|Boston University|Boston University|Boston University|Boston University|Boston University
|
clinical trials critical resource discovery new prevention diagnostic treatment methods cancer effective prevention treatment modalities based previous clinical trial results however participation clinical trials underrepresented racialethnic minority populations asian americans particular asian americans least represented ethnic groups clinical trials purpose study develop evaluate culturally linguistically appropriate communitybased educational intervention increase knowledge intent participate cancer clinical trials among underrepresented chinese americanscommunitybased participatory research approach used guide development cultural tailoring implementation evaluation clinical trial intervention first 22 asian community representatives recruited community health educators che received 12hour training clinical trial education second 262 members recruited 11 chinese community organizations recruited total 247 eligible chinese enrolled participated clinical trial education delivered trained ches participants completed pretest posttest interventionfifteen 21 measures clinical trial knowledge showed significant changes post intervention p 005 education remained sole demographic factor increasing clinical trial knowledge multivariate analysisclinical trial education emphasize benefits science larger asian community communitybased clinical trial intervention demonstrated promising results potential enhance recruitment participation clinical trial research among underrepresented asian americansimproving clinical trial participation fastgrowing asian american population key dissemination health innovations targeted diminish health disparities
|
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-017-0319-6
|
Louise Wideroff
|
Hereditary breast/ovarian and colorectal cancer genetics knowledge in a national sample of US physicians
| 2,005 | null |
clinically relevant genetics knowledge essential appropriate assessment management inherited cancer risk effective communication patients national physician survey assessed knowledge regarding basic cancer genetics concepts early process introduction predictive genetic testing breastovarian hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer hnpcc syndromesa stratified random sample selected american medical association masterfile licensed physicians total 1251 physicians 820 primary care 431 selected subspecialties responded 15 minute questionnaire response rate 71 19992000 multivariate logistic regression analyses conducted identify demographic practice characteristics associated accurate response three knowledge questionsof study population 375 aware paternal inheritance brca12 mutations 338 recognised mutations occur 10 breast cancer patients 131 accurately identified hnpcc gene penetrance or50 obstetricsgynaecology physicians oncologists general surgeons significantly likely general family practitioners respond accurately breastovarian questions gastroenterologists hnpcc questionthese nationally representative data indicate limited physician knowledge key cancer genetics concepts 19992000 particularly among general primary care physicians specialists knowledgeable syndromes might treat refer elsewhere recent dissemination practice guidelines continued expansion relevant clinical literature may enhance knowledge time addition educational efforts assist physicians growing knowledge base research needed characterise organisational changes required within healthcare system provide effective cancer genetics services
|
https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.2352
|
Anna P. Goddu|Katie J. O’Conor|Sophie Lanzkron|Mustapha Saheed|Somnath Saha|Monica E. Peek|Carlton Haywood|Mary Catherine Beach
|
Do Words Matter? Stigmatizing Language and the Transmission of Bias in the Medical Record
| 2,018 |
Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins University|VA Portland Health Care System|University of Chicago|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins University
|
clinician bias contributes healthcare disparities language used describe patient may reflect bias although medical records integral method communicating patients studies evaluated patient records means transmitting bias one clinician another assess whether stigmatizing language written patient medical record associated subsequent physicianintrainings attitudes towards patient clinical decisionmaking randomized vignette study two chart notes employing stigmatizing versus neutral language describe hypothetical patient 28yearold man sickle cell disease total 413 physiciansintraining medical students residents internal emergency medicine programs urban academic medical center 54 response rate attitudes towards hypothetical patient using previously validated positive attitudes towards sickle cell patients scale range 735 pain management decisions residents using two multiplechoice questions composite range 27 representing intensity pain treatment exposure stigmatizing language note associated negative attitudes towards patient 206 stigmatizing vs 256 neutral p 0001 furthermore reading stigmatizing language note associated less aggressive management patients pain 556 stigmatizing vs 622 neutral p 0003 stigmatizing language used medical records describe patients influence subsequent physiciansintraining terms attitudes towards patient medication prescribing behavior important overlooked pathway bias propagated one clinician another attention language used medical records may help promote patientcentered care reduce healthcare disparities stigmatized populations
|
https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-11-0815
|
Ian David Aronson|Lisa A. Marsch|Mark Acosta
|
Using findings in multimedia learning to inform technology-based behavioral health interventions
| 2,012 |
National Development and Research Institutes|Dartmouth College|Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center|National Development and Research Institutes
|
clinicians researchers increasingly using technologybased behavioral health interventions improve intervention effectiveness reach underserved populations however interventions rarely informed evidencebased findings technology optimized promote acquisition key skills information time experts multimedia learning generally apply findings health education conduct research clinical contexts paper presents overview key aspects multimedia learning research may allow developing health interventions apply informational technology rigor behavioral science content synthesized empirical multimedia learning literature 1992 2011 identified key findings suggested framework integrating technology educational behavioral science theory scientific evidencedriven approach developing technologybased interventions yield greater effectiveness improved fidelity increased outcomes better client service
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2011.02.019
|
Richard M. Hoffman|Joann G. Elmore|Kathleen M. Fairfield|Bethany S. Gerstein|Carrie A. Levin|Michael Pignone
|
Lack of Shared Decision Making in Cancer Screening Discussions
| 2,014 |
University of New Mexico|University of Washington|Maine Medical Center|Maine Medical Center Research Institute
|
clinicians encouraged support patients achieving shared decision making sdm cancer screeningto describe decision making processes outcomes cancer screening discussionsa 2011 national internet survey adults aged 50 years made cancer screening decisions breast brca colorectal crc prostate pca within previous 2 years conducted participants asked perceived cancer risk informed felt cancer tests whether healthcare provider addressed proscons testing presented option testing elicited input whether tested confidence screening decision data analyzed 20132014 descriptive statistics logistic regressionoverall 1134 participants 477 men 657 women aged 50 years made cancer screening decisions 1098 354 brca 598 crc 146 pca decisions discussed healthcare provider discussions 5167 addressed pros screening lot 714 similarly addressed cons cancer screening decisions providers usually 6371 explained testing optional less often asked women 4357 men 7071 whether wanted testing 2738 participants reported sdm 6993 underwent screening 5576 would definitely make decision perceived highaverage cancer risk feeling highly informed associated confidence screening decisiondiscussions often failed provide balanced information meet sdm criteria supporting sdm could potentially improve quality cancer screening decisions
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0027-9684(15)31356-0
|
Lisa M. Schwartz|Steven Woloshin|H. Gilbert Welch
|
Risk Communication in Clinical Practice: Putting Cancer in Context
| 1,999 |
White River Junction VA Medical Center
|
clinicians increasingly urgedeven mandatedto help patients make informed medical decisions paying attention risk counseling many role risk counseling new unfamiliar effort made difficult given practical constraints created 15minute visits competing demands eg patients chief complaint institutional needswe detail threepart approach improving risk communication acknowledging role clinicians patients communicators ie media public health agenciesofficebased tools help clinicians suggest two ways help make uptodate estimates disease risk treatment benefit easily available office visits propose development comprehensive population database disease risk treatment benefit created maintained federal government educating patients propose understanding numbers health tutorial reviews basic concepts probability application medical studies help people become better critical readers health information guidance communicators finally propose writers guide risk communication set principles help health communicators present data public clearly objectivelyin addition tools help clinicians better communicate risk information serious efforts improve risk communication must go beyond clinic efforts help public better interpret health risk information guide communicators better present information place start
|
https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/425787
|
Matthew J. Crowley|Janet M. Grubber|Maren K. Olsen|Hayden B. Bosworth
|
Factors Associated with Non-Adherence to Three Hypertension Self-Management Behaviors: Preliminary Data for a New Instrument
| 2,012 |
Durham VA Medical Center|Durham VA Medical Center|Durham VA Medical Center|Durham VA Medical Center
|
clinicians difficulty identifying patients unlikely adhere hypertension selfmanagement identifying nonadherence essential addressing suboptimal blood pressure control high costs1 identify risk factors associated nonadherence three key selfmanagement behaviors patients hypertension proper medication use diet exercise 2 evaluate extent instrument designed identify number risk factors present nonadherence three hypertension selfmanagement behaviors would associated selfmanagement nonadherence blood pressurecrosssectional analysis randomized trial datasix hundred thirtysix primary care patients hypertension1 demographic socioeconomic psychosocial health beliefrelated factors 2 measures selfreported adherence recommended medication use diet recommendations exercise recommendations collected baseline assessment 3 systolic blood pressure sbp diastolic blood pressure dbpwe identified patient factors associated measures nonadherence medications diet exercise hypertension combined risk factors associated 1 adherence measure instrument generated three composite variables medication diet exercise composites reflecting number risk factors present nonadherence corresponding selfmanagement behavior composite variables identified subgroups higher likelihood medication nonadherence difficulty following diet recommendations difficulty following exercise recommendations composite variable levels representing highest number selfmanagement nonadherence risk factors associated higher sbp dbpwe identified factors associated measures nonadherence recommended medication use diet exercise hypertension developed instrument associated nonadherence selfmanagement behaviors well blood pressure study instrument potential improve identification nonadherent patients hypertension
|
https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2005.07.049
|
Jennifer Duffy|Brendan Rooney|James Matthews
|
Coaches’ Mental Health Literacy and Role Perceptions for Supporting Young People’s Mental Health
| 2,019 |
University College Dublin|University College Dublin|University College Dublin
|
coaches engagement helping behaviors promotion prevention early intervention may help support young peoples mental health purpose study examine coaches mental health literacy role perceptions would relate engagement helping behaviors young people sporting environment two hundred ninetysix gaelic games coaches age 4196 sd 978 14 female completed online survey containing selfreport measure mental health literacy relevant depression measures examining role perceptions ie role breadth role efficacy engagement prevention promotion early intervention results three path analyses revealed mental health literacy directly associated helping behaviors significant indirect effects mental health literacy promotion prevention early intervention via role breadth role efficacy enabling coaches engage helping behaviors developing knowledge competence beliefs actions expected part role may provide alternative informal source initial support young peoplelay summary study investigated coaches mental health literacy role perceptions factors may influence coaches engagement behaviors support young peoples mental health results suggest developing coaches knowledge competence beliefs may enable engage helping behaviors within sporting environment
|
https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.6570
|
null | null | 2,014 |
University of Southern California|University of Southern California|University of California, Berkeley
|
coaching become central strategy district school efforts build teacher capacity interpret respond student learning data despite popularity limited research implementation initiatives article begins addresses gap examining elements coachs practice appear build teachers skills knowledge use data guide instructional decisions drawing sociocultural learning theory interview survey data collected four middle schoolstwo strong coaches two developing coacheswe find coaching build datause capacity appears rely less official title model ie data coach vs instructional coach diversity coach practices well content area interpersonal expertise administrators play important role shaping work coach mediation political dynamics school article concludes implications coaching practice well suggestions guide future research theory development
|
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-007-0295-0
|
Kaitlyn P. Wilson|Jessica R. Dykstra|Linda R. Watson|Brian A. Boyd|Elizabeth R. Crais
|
Coaching in Early Education Classrooms Serving Children with Autism: A Pilot Study
| 2,011 |
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
|
coaching gaining attention promising professional development approach early education however practice many adult educators continue rely methods inconsistent effectiveness onetime trainings workshops addition limited evidence supporting use specific coaching models early education article describes development pilot study coaching model developed support early education teams implementation supplemental intervention preschoolers autism advancing socialcommunication play asap two early education teams assigned following groups received asap training received asap training coaching control group received support related intervention descriptive analysis qualitative quantitative data preliminary results pilot study suggest coaching model impacted teams collaborative practices adherence key elements intervention approach implications practical applications outlined early education professionals researchers may implement coaching support intervention efforts students autism
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100876
|
Aashish Gupta|Dean Spears
|
Health externalities of India's expansion of coal plants: Evidence from a national panel of 40,000 households
| 2,017 |
University of Pennsylvania
|
coal power generation expanding rapidly india developing countries addition consequences climate change presentday health externalities may also substantially increase social cost coal health consequences air pollution proven important studies developed countries despite clear importance similarly wellidentified estimates less available developing countries estimates exist important case coal india exploit panel data indian households matched local changes exposure coal plants increased exposure coal plants associated worse respiratory health consistent causal mechanism effect specific effect seen diarrhea fever effect respiratory health seen new noncoal plants result due endogenous avoidance behavior differential trends determinants respiratory health either period studied simultaneously
|
https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2011.1290
|
Zhivko Zhelev|Ruth Garside|Christopher Hyde
|
A qualitative study into the difficulties experienced by healthcare decision makers when reading a Cochrane diagnostic test accuracy review
| 2,013 |
University of Exeter|Royal Cornwall Hospital|University of Exeter|University of Exeter
|
cochrane reviews one best known trusted sources evidencebased information health care steps taken make cochrane intervention reviews accessible diverse readership little known accessibility newcomer cochrane library diagnostic test accuracy reviews dtars current qualitative study explored healthcare decision makers varied knowledge experience test accuracy research systematic reviews read made sense dtarsa purposive sample clinicians researchers policy makers n 21 took part series thinkaloud interviews using interview material first three dtars published cochrane library thematic qualitative analysis transcripts carried identify patterns participants reading interpretation reviews difficulties encounteredparticipants unfamiliar design methodology dtars found reviews largely inaccessible experienced range difficulties stemming mainly mismatch background knowledge level explanation provided text experience systematic reviews interventions guarantee better understanding cases led confusion misinterpretation difficulties exacerbated poor layout presentation affected even relatively good knowledge dtars negative impact understanding reviews also motivation engage text comparison readings three reviews showed accessible presentation presenting results natural frequencies significantly increased participants understandingthe study demonstrates authors editors pay attention presentation well content cochrane dtars especially reports aimed readers various levels background knowledge experience also raises question anticipated target audience reports suggests different groups healthcare decisionmakers may require different modes presentation
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-015-0319-9
|
Teresa Busjahn|Roman Bednarik|Andrew Begel|Martha E. Crosby|James H. Paterson|Carsten Schulte|Bonita Sharif|Sascha Tamm
|
Eye Movements in Code Reading: Relaxing the Linear Order
| 2,015 |
Freie Universität Berlin|Finland University|University of Eastern Finland|Microsoft (United States)|University of Hawai?i at M?noa|Glasgow Caledonian University|Freie Universität Berlin|Youngstown State University|Freie Universität Berlin
|
code reading important skill programming inspired linearity people exhibit natural language text reading designed local global gazebased measures characterize linearity lefttoright toptobottom reading source code unlike natural language text source code executable requires specific reading approach validate measures compared eye movements novice expert programmers asked read comprehend short snippets natural language text java programs results show novices read source code less linearly natural language text moreover experts read code less linearly novices findings indicate specific differences reading natural language source code suggest nonlinear reading skills increase expertise discuss implications practitioners educators
|
https://doi.org/10.21432/t2kp6f
|
Jamila K. Stockman|Marguerite B. Lucea|Jacquelyn C. Campbell
|
Forced Sexual Initiation, Sexual Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Risk in Women: A Global Review of the Literature
| 2,012 |
University of California, San Diego|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins University
|
coerced forced sexual initiation sexual intimate partner violence sexual ipv contribute significantly womans risk hiv infection review systematically examines global research n 21 studies published since 2000 role coercedforced sexual initiation sexual ipv hiv risk women predominantly low middleincome countries coercedforced sexual initiation associated hivstis multiple highrisk sex partners condom use studies using behaviorally specific terms sexual ipv found strong associations sexual ipv hiv risk behaviors contrast studies using less specific definitions often failed find significant associations develop comprehensive hiv prevention programs future efforts integrate behaviorally specific terms assessing prevalence sexual ipv association hiv risk consider cultural differences identify causal pathways coerced forced sexual initiation hiv risk behaviors hivsti infection
|
https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-2011-111364
|
Rubén Contreras Lisperguer|Esperanza Batuecas|C. Mayo|Rocío Pérez Díaz|F.J. Pérez|Cletus I. Springer
|
Sustainability assessment of electricity cogeneration from sugarcane bagasse in Jamaica
| 2,018 |
United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean|Universidad Complutense de Madrid|Universidad Complutense de Madrid|Universidad a Distancia de Madrid|Universidad Complutense de Madrid|Organization of American States
|
cogeneration sugarcane bagasse jamaica represents significant opportunity reduce co2 emissions dependence fossil fuelbased energy matrix generation electricity cogeneration huge opportunity countries sugarcane industry decline article draws findings casestudy electricity generation cogeneration jamaica provide key messages may useful policymakers private sector make electricity generation cogeneration competitive option investors end article analyses two scenarios first baseline scenario assesses impact cogeneration technology already installed jamaican sugarcane company cogeneration stage produces 22 mw second one considers cogeneration technology changed new biomass based power plant upgrading cogeneration stage order produce 5 mw power bagasse assessment carried using complete life cycle assessment life cycle costing social life cycle assessment results revealed generation electricity cogeneration derived bagasse suitable alternative adding economic environmental social value
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-017-1028-7
|
Sandra We?ntraub|Sureyya Dikmen|Robert K. Heaton|David S. Tulsky|Philip David Zelazo|Patricia J. Bauer|Noelle E. Carlozzi|Jerry Slotkin|David L. Blitz|Kathleen Wallner?Allen|Nathan A. Fox|Jennifer L. Beaumont|Dan Mungas|Cindy J. Nowinski|Jennifer J. Richler|Joanne A. Deocampo|Jacob E. Anderson|Jennifer J. Manly|Beth Borosh|Richard J. Havlik|Kevin Conway|Emmeline Edwards|Lisa S. Freund|J. W. King|Claudia S. Moy|Ellen D. Witt|Richard Gershon
|
Cognition assessment using the NIH Toolbox
| 2,013 |
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of California, San Diego|University of Minnesota|University of Washington
|
cognition 1 4 domains measured nih toolbox assessment neurological behavioral function nihtb complements modules testing motor function sensation emotion basis expert panels cognition subdomains identified important health success school work independence daily functioning executive function episodic memory language processing speed working memory attention seven measures designed tap constructs within subdomains instruments validated english sample 476 participants ranging age 3 85 years representation sexes 3 racialethnic categories 3 levels education report describes development cognition battery presents results testretest reliability age effects performance convergent discriminant construct validity nihtb cognition battery intended serve brief convenient set measures supplement outcome measures epidemiologic longitudinal research clinical trials computerized format national standardization battery provide common currency among researchers comparisons across wide range studies populations
|
https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.10-07-0090
|
Susan Hunter|Alison Divine|Courtney Frengopoulos|Manuel Montero?Odasso
|
A framework for secondary cognitive and motor tasks in dual-task gait testing in people with mild cognitive impairment
| 2,018 |
Western University|Western University|Western University|Western University
|
cognition key factor regulation normal walking dualtask gait assessment accepted method evaluate relationship objective study create framework task complexity concurrent motor cognitive tasks gait people mild cognitive impairment mcicommunitydwelling people mci n 41 mean age 7620 765 years cognitively normal controls n 41 mean age 7210 380 years participated study gait velocity collected using instrumented walkway one single task six combined tasks motor cognitive activities cognitive cost difference single gait task concurrent motor cognitive challenges repeated twoway measure anova assessed effect cognitive group walking test condition gait task testgait velocity significantly slower mci group tasks groups concurrent motor task carrying glass water conferred challenge different cognitive task counting backwards ones performance complex cognitive task serial seven subtractions reduced gait velocity groups produced greater change mci group 318not concurrent tasks challenge cognitionmotor interaction equivalently study created framework task difficulty allows translation dualtask test conditions future research clinical practice ensure accuracy assessing patient deficits risk
|
https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300335
|
Jenny Thorsell Cederberg|Martin Cernvall|JoAnne Dahl|Louise von Essén|Gustaf Ljungman
|
Acceptance as a Mediator for Change in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Persons with Chronic Pain?
| 2,015 |
Uppsala University|Uppsala University|Uppsala University|Uppsala University|Uppsala University
|
cognitive behavior therapy cbt considered effective chronic pain little known active treatment components although acceptance correlates better health outcomes chronic pain patients study examined mediating effect experimental design aim present study investigate acceptance mediator acceptance commitment therapy act third wave cbt intervention chronic pain bootstrapped cross product coefficients approach used data previously published rct evaluating act chronic pain address specificity acceptance mediator anxiety depression also tested mediators outcome variables satisfaction life physical functioning two change scores preassessment 6month followup n 53 preassessment 12month followup n 32 used acceptance found mediate effect treatment change physical functioning preassessment followup 6 months trend shown preassessment followup 12 months indirect effect treatment via acceptance found change satisfaction life study adds small growing body research using mediation analysis investigate mediating factors treatment chronic pain summary results suggest acceptance may mediating effect change physical functioning act persons chronic pain however given small sample size study findings need replicated
|
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199179
|
Ana Alfaro?Acha|Soham Al Snih|M. A. Raji|Yong Fang Kuo|Kyriakos S. Markides|Kenneth J. Ottenbacher
|
Handgrip Strength and Cognitive Decline in Older Mexican Americans
| 2,006 |
Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Toledo|Hospital Virgen del Valle|John Sealy Hospital|The Memory Clinic|John Sealy Hospital|British Geriatrics Society|General Department of Preventive Medicine|The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
|
cognitive decline dementia associated disability premature death old age examined whether low handgrip strength predicts subsequent cognitive decline older mexican americanswe worked 7year prospective cohort 2160 noninstitutionalized mexican americans aged 65 years older hispanic established population epidemiological study elderly hepese minimental state examination mmse score 21 baseline measures included sociodemographic factors age gender education handgrip strength near distant visual impairment baseline interview ii mmse body mass index bmi medical conditions stroke heart attack diabetes depression hypertension four waves data collectionusing general linear mixed models found significant trend scores lowest quartile handgrip strength baseline associated lower mmse scores time estimate 128 standard error 016 p 0001 significant handgrip strengthbytime interaction mmse scores participants lowest handgrip strength quartile greater cognitive decline time estimate 026 standard error 007 p 001 participants highest quartile association remained statistically significant controlling potential confounding factorsolder mexican americans reduced handgrip strength baseline demonstrated statistically significant decline cognitive function 7year period contrast participants highest handgrip strength quartile maintained higher level cognitive function
|
https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.01.002
|
Teodoro del Ser|Raquel Barba|Maria M. Morin|J Domingo|Carlos Cemillán|Margarita Pondal|José Vivancos
|
Evolution of Cognitive Impairment After Stroke and Risk Factors for Delayed Progression
| 2,005 |
Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa|Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa|Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa|Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa|Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa|Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa|Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa
|
cognitive decline occurs approximately 30 stroke patients acute risk factors identified longterm risk examined large samples purpose research determine factors associated progression cognitive impairment strokeconsecutive stroke patients 193 without previous dementia assessed 3 months stroke extensive neuropsychological battery diagnosed according diagnostic statistical manual mental disorders fourth edition criteria clinical dementia rating normal 139 cognitive decline without dementia 18 dementia 18 mild 10 moderate 8 severe 24month followup classified stable progressing improving according change clinical dementia rating score determinants progression cognitive decline ascertained logistic regression analysis clinical neuroimaging complementary datacognitive status 24 months stable cases 151 782 decline progressed 27 14 6 demented 21 nondemented improved 15 78 7 demented 8 nondemented seven nondemented patients became demented 24 months 5 demented became nondemented age odds ratio 105 95 ci 101 11 mental decline stroke 114 95 ci 102 127 number prescribed drugs 134 95 ci 105 172 diastolic blood pressure admission 096 95 ci 093 099 episodes hypotension admission 761 95 ci 111 521 significantly associated cognitive deteriorationcognition rather stable 2 years stroke progression improvement cognitive impairment frequent demented patients age previous cognitive decline polypharmacy hypotension admission risk factors progression
|
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.2003.21102.x
|
Shelley Hyman|E Arthur|Kathryn North
|
Learning disabilities in children with neurofibromatosis type 1: subtypes, cognitive profile, and attention?deficit? hyperactivity disorder
| 2,006 |
University of Sydney|Macquarie University|University of Sydney
|
cognitive deficits common complication children neurofibromatosis type 1 nf1 academic achievement broadly affected lack consensus literature regarding frequency general specific learning disabilities seems related lack consensus diagnostic criteria present study examined frequency specific learning disabilities slds nf1 using intellectachievement discrepancy diagnosis well general learning difficulty associated lowering general intellectual ability cohort consisted 81 children nf1 43 males 38 females mean age 11y 6mo sd 2y 4mo range 8y16y 9mo 49 comparison children 20 males 29 females mean age 12y sd 2y 6mo range 8y 2mo16y 8mo problems academic achievement present 52 children nf1 however 20 children nf1 diagnosed sld 32 general learning problems males nf1 significant risk sld verbal iqltperformance iq discrepancies predictive presence sld significant comorbidity literacybased learning disabilities attentiondeficithyperactivity disorder able define three subtypes children nf1 distinct cognitive profiles important implications assessment remediation
|
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0048025
|
Christopher R. Carpenter|Elizabeth R. Bassett|Grant M. Fischer|Jonathan Shirshekan|James E. Galvin|John C. Morris
|
Four Sensitive Screening Tools to Detect Cognitive Dysfunction in Geriatric Emergency Department Patients: Brief Alzheimer’s Screen, Short Blessed Test, Ottawa 3DY, and the Caregiver-completed AD8
| 2,011 |
Washington University in St. Louis|NYU Langone Health|Washington University in St. Louis|NYU Langone Health|Washington University in St. Louis|NYU Langone Health|Washington University in St. Louis|NYU Langone Health|Washington University in St. Louis|NYU Langone Health|Washington University in St. Louis|NYU Langone Health
|
cognitive dysfunction including dementia delirium prevalent geriatric emergency department ed patients often remains undetected one barrier reliable identification acutely chronically impaired cognitive function lack acceptable screening tool multiple brief screening instruments derived ed validation trials previously demonstrated tools appropriately sensitive clinical usethe primary objective evaluate compare ottawa 3dy o3dy brief alzheimers screen bas short blessed test sbt caregivercompleted ad8 cad8 diagnostic test performance cognitive dysfunction geriatric ed patients using mini mental status exam mmse criterion standard secondary objective assess diagnostic accuracy cad8 informantbased instrument used combination performancebased screening toolsin observational crosssectional cohort study one urban academic universityaffiliated medical center trained research assistants ras collected patients responses confusion assessment method intensive care unit bas sbt available reliable caregivers completed cad8 mmse obtained o3dy reconstructed elements mmse bas consenting subjects noncritically ill englishspeaking adults age 65 years received potentially sedating medications prior cognitive testing using mmse score 23 criterion standard cognitive dysfunction sensitivity specificity likelihood ratios receiver operating characteristic roc area curve auc computed venn diagrams constructed quantitatively compare degree overlap among positive test results performancebased instrumentsthe prevalence cognitive dysfunction 163 patients enrolled complete data collection 37 including 55 delirium dementia selfreported 3 caregivers available complete cad8 56 patients sbt bas o3dy demonstrated 95 sensitivity compared 83 sensitivity cad8 sbt superior specificity 65 combination instruments cad8 significantly improved diagnostic accuracy sbt provided optimal overlap mmsethe sbt bas o3dy three brief performancebased screening instruments identify geriatric patients cognitive dysfunction rapidly mmse among three instruments sbt provides best diagnostic test characteristics overlap mmse results addition cad8 instruments enhance diagnostic accuracy
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2010.02.039
|
Kelly?Anne Phillips|Karin Ribi|Zhuoxin Sun|Alisa Stephens|Alastair M. Thompson|Vernon Harvey|Beat Thürlimann|Fátima Cardoso|Olivia Pagani|Alan S. Coates|Aron Goldhirsch|Karen N. Price|Richard D. Gelber|Jürg Bernhard
|
Cognitive function in postmenopausal women receiving adjuvant letrozole or tamoxifen for breast cancer in the BIG 1-98 randomized trial
| 2,010 |
Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre|University of Melbourne
|
cognitive function postmenopausal women receiving letrozole tamoxifen adjuvant endocrine treatment compared fifth year treatment substudy big 198 trial big 198 patients randomized receive adjuvant 5years tamoxifen b 5years letrozole c 2years tamoxifen followed 3years letrozole 2years letrozole followed 3years tamoxifen primary comparison difference composite score patients taking letrozole bc n65 vs tamoxifen ad n55 patients taking letrozole better overall cognitive function taking tamoxifen difference mean composite zscores028 p004 95 ci 002 054 cohens d040 indicating small moderate effect substudy breast cancer patients taking adjuvant letrozole fifth year treatment better cognitive function taking tamoxifen suggesting aromatase inhibitors adversely impact cognition compared tamoxifen
|
https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.290.18.2443
|
Riccardo E. Marioni|Allan F. McRae|Jan Bressler|Elena Colicino|Eilís Hannon|Shuo Li|Diddier Prada|Jennifer A. Smith|Letizia Trevisi|Pei-Chien Tsai|Dina Vojinovi?|Jeannette Simino|Daniel Levy|Chunyu Liu|Michael Mendelson|Claudia L. Satizabal|Qiong Yang|Min A. Jhun|Sharon L. R. Kardia|Wei Zhao|Stefania Bandinelli|Luigi Ferrucci|Dena G. Hernandez|Andrew Singleton|Sarah E. Harris|John M. Starr|Douglas P. Kiel|Robert R. McLean|Allan C. Just|Joel Schwartz|Avron Spiro|Pantel Vokonas|Najaf Amin|M. Arfan Ikram|André G. Uitterlinden|Joyce B. J. van Meurs|Tim D. Spector|Claire J. Steves|Andrea A. Baccarelli|Jordana T. Bell|Cornelia M. van Duijn|Myriam Fornage|Yi Hsiang Hsu|Jonathan Mill|Thomas H. Mosley|Sudha Seshadri|Ian J. Deary
|
Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies of cognitive abilities
| 2,018 |
University of Edinburgh|University of Queensland|The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston|Columbia University|University of Exeter|Boston University|Instituto Nacional de Cancerología|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|Harvard University|King's College London|Erasmus MC|University of Mississippi Medical Center|Boston University|Boston University|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|Azienda Sanitaria di Firenze|National Institute on Aging|National Institute on Aging|National Institutes of Health|National Institute on Aging|National Institutes of Health|University of Edinburgh|University of Edinburgh|Harvard University|Harvard University|Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai|Harvard University|Boston Public Schools|Boston University|Boston Public Schools|Boston University|Erasmus MC|Erasmus MC|Erasmus MC|Erasmus MC|King's College London|King's College London|Columbia University|King's College London|Erasmus MC|The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston|Harvard University|Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai|University of Mississippi Medical Center|Jackson Memorial Hospital|Boston University|University of Edinburgh
|
cognitive functions important correlates health outcomes across lifecourse individual differences cognitive functions partly heritable epigenetic modifications dna methylation susceptible genetic environmental factors may provide insights individual differences cognitive functions epigenomewide metaanalyses bloodbased dna methylation levels 420000 cpg sites performed seven measures cognitive functioning using data 11 cohorts cpgs passed bonferroni correction adjusting number cpgs cognitive tests assessed longitudinal change genetic control methylation qtls associations brain health structural mri brain methylation alzheimers disease pathology across seven measures cognitive functioning metaanalysis n range 25576809 epigenomewide significant p 17 108 associations global cognitive function cg21450381 p 16 108 phonemic verbal fluency cg12507869 p 25 109 cpgs located intergenic region chromosome 12 inpp5a gene chromosome 10 respectively probes moderate correlations 04 brain methylation brodmann area 20 ventral temporal cortex neither probe showed evidence longitudinal change latelife associations white matter brain mri measures one cohort data methylation qtl analysis suggested rs113565688 cis methylation qtl cg12507869 p 5 105 4 1013 two lookup cohorts demonstrate link bloodbased dna methylation measures phonemic verbal fluency global cognitive ability research warranted understand mechanisms linking genomic regulatory changes cognitive function health disease
|
https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2018.1461961
|
Michelle Petri|Mohammad Naqibuddin|Margaret Sampedro|Roald Omdal|Kathryn A. Carson
|
Memantine in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial
| 2,011 |
Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins University|Stavanger University Hospital|Johns Hopkins University
|
cognitive impairment affects 80 systemic lupus erythematosus sle patients within 10 years diagnosis memantine seronergic receptor nicotine acetylcholine receptor antagonist acts glutamatergic system nmda receptor used treat dementia investigated whether benefit sle cognitive impairment randomized doubleblind placebocontrolled singlecenter 12week trial memantine titrated 20 mgd performed using 21 randomization ratio 51 sle patients primary outcome measures change automated neuropsychological assessment metrics throughput scores 12 weeks statistically significant differences treatment groups change baseline automated neuropsychological assessment metrics throughput scores 6 12 weeks american college rheumatology cognitive battery statistically significant findings controlled oral word association tests words 6 12 weeks 12 weeks memantine group exhibited greater improvement compared placebo group 36 18 vs 05 38 words p 003 subset analysis limited patients scored 1 standard deviation normal controls baseline significant differences treatment groups found first clinical trial memantine sle patients treated memantine exhibit significant improvement cognitive performance compared placebo group regardless degree impairment baseline exception controlled oral word association
|
https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2015.1066468
|
Jessica Robinson?Papp
|
Motor Function and Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Associated Cognitive Impairment in a Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy–Era Cohort
| 2,008 |
Mount Sinai Medical Center|Emmes (United States)
|
cognitive impairment long recognized manifestation human immunodeficiency virus hiv infection however highly active antiretroviral therapy haart altered neurologic manifestations hivto develop measure quantify motor abnormalities included original descriptions hivassociated dementia determine whether motor affective behavioral dysfunction predict cognitive impairment determine whether quantitative motor testing helpful adjunct diagnosis complex population haart eraneurologic neuropsychological data collected manhattan hiv brain bank longitudinal cohort study patients advanced hiv hivdementia motor scale hdms developed validated cognitive affective behavioral function quantified using global neuropsychological scores beck depression inventory bdi independent assessment apathy relationships among cognitive motor affective behavioral performance examined using correlation linear regression analyses variancean urban aids research centera total 260 hivpositive predominantly minority patientsthe hdms scores global neuropsychological scoresthe hdms bdi scores independent predictors cognitive impairment significant cognitive impairment found patients motor dysfunction patients diagnosed greater degree motor impairment neurocognitive diagnosesmotor affective behavioral abnormalities predict cognitive impairment hivpositive patients haartera cohort hdms may useful assignment hivassociated neurocognitive impairment hiv populations normative data neuropsychological test design optimal
|
https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.107.724005
|
Ha Nguyen|Julienne K. Kirk|Thomas A. Arcury|Edward H. Ip|Joseph G. Grzywacz|Santiago Saldana|Ronny A. Bell|Sara A. Quandt
|
Cognitive function is a risk for health literacy in older adults with diabetes
| 2,013 |
Wake Forest University|Wake Forest University|Wake Forest University|Wake Forest University|Oklahoma State University|Wake Forest University|Wake Forest University|Wake Forest University
|
cognitive impairment common older adults diabetes yet unclear extent cognitive function associated health literacy hypothesized cognitive function independent education associated health literacythe sample included 537 african american american indian white men women 60 years older measures cognitive function included minimental state examination mmse verbal fluency brief attention digit span backward tests health literacy assessed using stofhlacognitive function associated health literacy independent education important confounders every unit increase mmse digit span backward verbal fluency brief attention associated 20 p001 34 p001 5 p01 16 p01 increase odds adequate health literacy respectivelythese results suggest cognitive function associated health literacy older adults diabetes poor cognitive function may undermine health literacy efforts target older adults improving health literacy consider cognitive function risk factor
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/1460-6984.12138
|
Lyndsey Nickels|David Howard|Wendy Best
|
On the use of different methodologies in cognitive neuropsychology: Drink deep and from several sources
| 2,011 |
ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders|Macquarie University|Newcastle University|University College London
|
cognitive neuropsychology championed use singlecase research design recently however case series designs employ multiple single cases increasingly utilized address theoretical issues using data neuropsychological populations paper examine methodologies focusing number points particular first discuss use dissociations associations often thought defining feature cognitive neuropsychology argue better viewed part spectrum methods aim explain predict behaviour also raise issues regarding case series design particular arguing selection appropriate sample including controlling degree homogeneity critical constrains theoretical claims made basis data discuss possible interpretation outliers case series suggesting may reflect noise caused variability performance due factors relevance theoretical claims may also reflect presence patterns critical test refine potentially falsify theories role case series treatment research also raised light fact despite status gold standard randomized controlled trials cannot provide answers many crucial theoretical clinical questions finally stress importance converging evidence propose conclusions informed multiple sources evidence likely best inform theory stand test time
|
https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocv204
|
Michael Gurven|Eric Fuerstenberg|Benjamin C. Trumble|Jonathan Stieglitz|Bret Beheim|Helen Elizabeth Davis|Hillard Kaplan
|
Cognitive performance across the life course of Bolivian forager-farmers with limited schooling.
| 2,017 |
University of California, Santa Barbara|University of California, Santa Barbara|University of California, Santa Barbara|Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse|University of New Mexico|University of Utah|University of New Mexico
|
cognitive performance characterized least two distinct life course trajectories many cognitive abilities eg effortful processing abilities including fluid reasoning processing speed improve throughout early adolescence start declining early adulthood whereas abilities eg crystallized abilities like vocabulary breadth improve throughout adult life remaining robust even late ages although schooling may impact performance cognitive reserve argued age patterns cognitive performance human universals examine age patterns cognitive performance among tsimane foragerhorticulturalists bolivia test whether schooling related differences cognitive performance life course assess models active versus passive cognitive reserve used battery eight tasks assess range latent cognitive traits reflecting attention processing speed verbal declarative memory semantic fluency n 919 individuals 499 female tsimane cognitive abilities show similar agerelated differences observed industrialized populations higher throughout adolescence slightly lower later adulthood semantic fluency substantially lower performance beginning early adulthood abilities schooling associated greater cognitive abilities ages controlling sex attenuating effect cognitive performance late adulthood consistent models passive cognitive reserve interpret minimal attenuation semantic fluency late life light evolutionary theories postreproductive life span emphasize indirect fitness contributions older adults transfer information labor food descendant kin psycinfo database record
|
https://doi.org/10.15766/mep_2374-8265.10795
|
Susan E. Embretson|Joanna S. Gorin
|
Improving Construct Validity With Cognitive Psychology Principles
| 2,001 |
University of Kansas|University of Kansas
|
cognitive psychology principles heralded possibly central construct validity paper testing practices examined three stages past traditional testing research paradigm left little role cognitive psychology principles b present testing research enhanced cognitive psychology principles c future predict cognitive psychologys potential fully realized item design extended example item design cognitive theory given illustrate principles spatial ability test consists object assembly task highlights cognitive design principles lead item generation
|
https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n6p65
|
Mochammad Haldi*|Rudy Aryanto|Citra Fadillah
|
Multi-Antenna Spectrum Sensing using Bootstrap on Cognitive Radio for Internet of Things Application
| 2,019 | null |
cognitive radio cr technology used developing technologies like internet things iot one part cr spectrum sensing useful empty spectrum searcher use spectrum considered minimal raises problem scarcity spectrum testing real problem spectrum utilization problem overcome using efficient utilization cr technology using spectrum sensing sensing algorithms usually used suitable filter energy detector cyclostationary enough many antennas detected case multiantenna detection research usually uses generalized likelihood ratio test glrt approach glrt approach detector also three types detectors type3 detectors determine statistical tests however use monte carlo literacy algorithm need lot data get detector performance research combine algorithms using bootstrap determine detector performance using small data using bootstrap basically requires small resampling research wants show type3 detector help detector produce good probabilities using little data expected result glrt approach combined bootstrap type3 detectors arithmetic geometric statistical tests tagm glrt time code space code statistical tests tstbcglrt help determine assumptions pd assumptions experiment carried determine threshold comparing bootstrap monte carlo research expected show bootstrap works without known h0 distribution set threshold times
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5410-0
|
Caterina Primi|Maria Anna Donati|Francesca Chiesi|Kinga Morsanyi
|
Are there gender differences in cognitive reflection? Invariance and differences related to mathematics
| 2,017 |
University of Florence|University of Florence|University of Florence|Queen's University Belfast
|
cognitive reflection recognized important skill necessary making advantageous decisions even though gender differences cognitive reflection test crt appear robust across multiple studies little research examined source gender gap performance study 1 tested invariance scale across genders study 2 investigated role math anxiety mathematical reasoning gender crt performance results attested measurement equivalence cognitive reflection test long crt l administered male female students additionally results mediation analysis showed indirect effect gender crtl performance mathematical reasoning math anxiety direct effect gender longer statistically significant accounting variables current findings suggest cognitive reflection affected numerical skills related feelings
|
https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-58
|
Xiangyi Meng|Carl D’Arcy
|
Education and Dementia in the Context of the Cognitive Reserve Hypothesis: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses and Qualitative Analyses
| 2,012 |
University of Saskatchewan|University of Saskatchewan
|
cognitive reserve cr brain reserve capacity explains individuals higher iq education occupational attainment lower risks developing dementia alzheimers disease ad vascular dementia vad cr hypothesis postulates cr reduces prevalence incidence ad vad also hypothesizes among greater initial cognitive reserve contrast less reserve greater brain pathology occurs clinical symptoms disease becomes manifest thus clinical disease onset triggers faster decline cognition function increased mortality among initial greater cognitive reserve disease progression follows distinctly separate pathological clinical paths education proxy use metaanalyses qualitative analyses review evidence cr hypothesiswe searched pubmed psycoinfo embase healthstar scopus databases january 1980 june 2011 observational studies clear criteria dementia ad vad education one hundred thirtythree articles variety study designs met inclusion criteria prevalence incidence studies odds ratios ors relative risks original data included metaanalyses studies reviewed qualitatively studies covered 437477 subjects prevalence incidence studies pooled ors 261 95ci 221307 188 95ci 151234 respectively showed low education increased risk dementia heterogeneity sensitivity tests confirmed evidence generally study characteristics effect conclusions qualitative analyses also showed protective effects higher education developing dementia clinical disease onset hastening decline cognition function greater brain pathologythis systematic review metaanalyses covering wide range observational studies diverse settings provides robust support cr hypothesis cr hypothesis suggests several avenues dementia prevention
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-196
|
Adrienne M. Tucker|Y. Stern
|
Cognitive Reserve in Aging
| 2,011 |
Columbia University
|
cognitive reserve explains higher iq education occupational attainment participation leisure activities evidence less severe clinical cognitive changes presence agerelated alzheimers disease pathology specifically cognitive reserve hypothesis individual differences tasks processed provide reserve brain pathology cognitive reserve may allow flexible strategy usage ability thought captured executive functions tasks additionally cognitive reserve allows individuals greater neural efficiency greater neural capacity ability compensation via recruitment additional brain regions taking cognitive reserve account may allow earlier detection better characterization agerelated cognitive changes alzheimers disease importantly cognitive reserve fixed continues evolve across lifespan thus even latestage interventions hold promise boost cognitive reserve thus reduce prevalence alzheimers disease agerelated problems keywords aging alzheimers disease brain reserve cognitive reserve neural reserve neural compensation traumatic brain injury wrat fmri data
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-225
|
Richard N. Jones|Jennifer J. Manly|M. Maria Glymour|Dorene M. Rentz|Angela L. Jefferson|Yaakov Stern
|
Conceptual and Measurement Challenges in Research on Cognitive Reserve
| 2,011 |
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center|Harvard University|Columbia University Irving Medical Center|Harvard University|Brigham and Women's Hospital|Massachusetts General Hospital|Harvard University|Boston University|Columbia University Irving Medical Center|Columbia University
|
cognitive reserve broadly conceived encompasses aspects brain structure function optimize individual performance presence injury pathology reserve defined feature brain structure andor function modifies relationship injury pathology performance neuropsychological tasks clinical outcomes reserve challenging study two reasons first reserve hypothetical construct direct measures reserve available proxy variables latent variable models used attempt operationalize reserve second vivo measures neuronal pathology widely available challenging develop test models involving risk factor injury pathology moderator reserve outcome performance clinical status neither risk factor moderator measured directly discuss approaches quantifying reserve latent variable models emphasis application analysis data observational studies increasingly latent variable models used generate composites cognitive reserve based multiple proxies review theoretical ontological status latent variable modeling approaches cognitive reserve suggest research strategies advancing field
|
https://doi.org/10.2196/37666
|
Sabrina Guye|Carla De Simoni|Claudia C. von Bastian
|
Do Individual Differences Predict Change in Cognitive Training Performance? A Latent Growth Curve Modeling Approach
| 2,017 |
University of Zurich|University of Zurich|Bournemouth University
|
cognitive training interventions become increasingly popular potential means costefficiently stabilize enhance cognitive functioning across lifespan large training improvements consistently reported group level however large differences individual level identifying factors contributing individual differences could allow developing individually tailored interventions boost training gains study therefore examined range individual differences variables discussed literature potentially predict training performance estimate predict individual differences training trajectories applied latent growth curve models existing data three working memory training interventions younger older adults however found individual differences demographic variables realworld cognition motivation cognitionrelated beliefs personality leisure activities computer literacy training experience largely unrelated change training performance solely baseline cognitive performance substantially related change training performance particularly young adults individuals higher baseline performance showing largest gains thus results conform magnification accounts cognitive change
|
https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.0926
|
Thomas J. Cunningham|Rebecca J. Guerin|Brenna Keller|Michael A. Flynn|Cathy Salgado|Dennis Hudson
|
Differences in safety training among smaller and larger construction firms with non-native workers: Evidence of overlapping vulnerabilities
| 2,018 |
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health|National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health|National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health|National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health|American Society of Safety Professionals|American Society of Safety Professionals
|
collaborative efforts national institute occupational safety health niosh american society safety engineers asse led report focusing overlapping occupational vulnerabilities specifically small construction businesses employing young nonnative workers following report online survey conducted asse construction business representatives focusing training experiences nonnative workers results grouped business size 50 fewer employees 50 employees smaller businesses less likely employ supervisor speaks language immigrant workers p 001 nonnative workers small businesses received fewer hours initial safety training p 005 monthly ongoing safety training p 042 immigrant workers smaller businesses less likely receive every type safety training identified survey including prework safety orientation p 001 jobspecific training p 001 osha 10hour training p 001 federalstate required training p 001 results highlight challenges vulnerable worker population faces small business used better focus intervention efforts among businesses represented sample deficits amount frequency format workplace safety health training provided nonnative workers smaller construction businesses compared larger businesses types training conducted nonnative workers small business less likely take account language literacy issues faced workers findings suggest need targeted approach providing occupational safety health training nonnative workers employed smaller construction businesses
|
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001308
|
Jane Brindley|Christine Walti|Lisa Marie Blaschke
|
Creating Effective Collaborative Learning Groups in an Online Environment
| 2,009 |
Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg
|
collaborative learning online classroom take form discussion among whole class within smaller groups paper addresses latter examining first whether assessment makes difference level learner participation considering factors involved creating effective collaborative learning groups data collected three year period 15 cohorts foundations course master distance education mde program offered jointly university maryland university college umuc university oldenburg support authors original hypothesis assessment makes significant difference learner participation levels small group learning projects leads question much emphasis placed grading work completed study groups exclusion strategies drawing observations two mde courses including foundations course extensive online teaching experience review literature authors identify factors grading contribute positively effectiveness small collaborative learning groups online environment particular paper focuses specific instructional strategies facilitate learner participation small group projects result enhanced sense community increased skill acquisition better learning outcomes
|
https://doi.org/10.1017/s1463423612000138
|
Scotty D. Craig|T. H. Michelene|Kurt VanLehn
|
Improving classroom learning by collaboratively observing human tutoring videos while problem solving.
| 2,009 |
University of Pittsburgh|University of Pittsburgh|University of Pittsburgh
|
collaboratively observing tutoring promising method observational learning also referred vicarious learning method tested pittsburgh science learning centers physics learnlab students introduced physics topics observing videos problem solving andes physics tutoring system students randomly assigned three groups pairs collaboratively observing videos expert human tutoring session b pairs observing videos expert problem solving c individuals observing expert problem solving immediate learning measures display group differences however longterm retention transfer measures showed consistent differences favoring collaboratively observing tutoring
|
https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2015.128
|
Alicia Peñalva Vélez|Juan José Leiva Olivencia|Itziar Irazabal Zuazua
|
The Role of Adults in Children Digital Literacy
| 2,017 |
Universidad Publica de Navarra|Universidad Publica de Navarra|Universidad Publica de Navarra
|
collected data different studies show users acquire great skills terms technologys use dont gain skills safe use technology objective study identify level digital literacy sample teachers families observed lower competence managing identity internet general lower competences comes take part conflict situations internet well ones related management digital identity terms childrens digital literacy adults play significant role three main aspects 1 direct responsible digital literacy 2 enablers behaviour models promote positive conviviality cyber conviviality 3 adult referents children ask help
|
https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2011-200511
|
Rebecca Callahan|Stan Becker
|
The Reliability of Calendar Data for Reporting Contraceptive Use: Evidence from Rural Bangladesh
| 2,012 |
Johns Hopkins University
|
collecting contraceptiveuse data means calendar methods become standard practice largescale population surveys yet reliability methods capturing accurate contraceptive histories time remains largely unknown using data overlapping contraceptive calendars included longitudinal study 3080 rural bangladeshi women assessed consistency reports baseline interview month 2006 reports month followup survey three years later examined predictors reliable reporting onethird women discordant reports reference month two surveys among women reporting use contraceptive method reference month surveys 25 percent reported different methods two time points women using condoms traditional methods complex reproductive histories including births episodes contraceptive use least likely report reliably
|
https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy8030137
|
Dorothy Wong|Shan Cao|Heather Ford|Clifford Richardson|Dmitri Belenko|Evan Tang|Luca Ugenti|Eleanor Warsmann|Amanda Sissons|Yalinie Kulandaivelu|Nathaniel Edwards|Márta Novák|Madeline Li|István Mucsi
|
Exploring the use of tablet computer-based electronic data capture system to assess patient reported measures among patients with chronic kidney disease: a pilot study
| 2,017 |
University Health Network|University of Toronto|University Health Network|University of Toronto|University Health Network|University of Toronto|University Health Network|University of Toronto|University Health Network|University of Toronto|University Health Network|University of Toronto|University Health Network|University of Toronto|University Health Network|University of Toronto|University Health Network|University of Toronto|University Health Network|University of Toronto|University Health Network|University of Toronto|University Health Network|University of Toronto|Princess Margaret Cancer Centre|University Health Network|Toronto General Hospital
|
collecting patient reported outcome measures proms via computerbased electronic data capture system may improve feasibility facilitate implementation clinical care report initial experience acceptability touchscreen tablet computerbased selfadministered questionnaires among patients chronic kidney disease ckd including stage 5 ckd treated renal replacement therapies rrt either dialysis transplantwe enrolled convenience sample patients stage 4 5 ckd including patients dialysis kidney transplant singlecentre crosssectional pilot study participants completed validated questionnaires programmed electronic data capture system dados techna inc toronto tablet computers primary objective evaluate acceptability feasibility using tabletbased electronic data capture patients ckd descriptive statistics fischers exact test multivariable logistic regression models used data analysisone hundred twenty one patients 55 male mean age sd 58 14 years 49 caucasian participated study ninetytwo percent respondents indicated computer tablet acceptable 79 participants required minimal help completing questionnaires acceptance tablets lower among patients 70 years older 75 vs 95 p 0011 little previous computer experience 81 vs 96 p 005 furthermore greater level assistance frequently required patients older 45 vs 15 p 0009 lower level education 33 vs 14 p 0027 low health literacy 79 vs 12 p 0027 little previous experience computers 52 vs 10 p 0027tablet computerbased electronic data capture administer proms acceptable feasible respondents could therefore used systematically assess proms among patients ckd special consideration focus elderly patients little previous computer experience since may require assistance completion
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12088
|
Patricia Kissinger|Janet C. Rice|Timothy M.M. Farley|Steven A. Trim|K. Jewitt|V. Margavio|David H. Martin
|
Application of Computer-assisted Interviews to Sexual Behavior Research
| 1,999 |
Louisiana State University|Tulane University|Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health|Louisiana State University|Louisiana State University|Louisiana State University|Louisiana State University
|
collection sensitive data use videoenhanced computerassisted selfadministered interviews vcasi potential reduce interview bias improve validity study purpose study compare responses sensitive questions elicited vcasi facetoface interview ftfi methods women attending new orleans louisiana public family planning sexually transmitted disease clinic july 1995 july 1996 diagnosed chlamydia trachomatis infection responded eight closeended behavioral questions four socially undesirable two socially desirable two neutral behaviors using ftfi vcasi techniques randomized crossover design 280 women included mean age 23 years 95 percent african american 71 percent felt comfortable using computers kappa scores indicated goodtoexcellent agreement interview techniques women tended admit socially undesirable behaviors often vcasi compared ftfi thirty percent women gave discrepant response vcasi ftfi toward social desirability women reported socially undesirable behavior vcasi ie two sex partners infrequent condom usage likely discrepant response utilization logistic regression model predict condom use yielded different results data vcasi used compared data ftfi vcasi technique reduce social desirability bias improve validity research requiring information sensitive sexual behaviorsbias needs minimized conducting surveybased research order produce valid results reporting biases likely occur sensitive behaviors investigated research suggests computerassisted selfadministered interviews casis may produce valid reports sensitive behaviors traditional survey techniques facetoface interviews ftfis findings reported study conducted compare responses sensitive questions administered videoenhanced casis vcasis ftfis 280 women mean age 23 years attending new orleans louisiana public family planning std clinic july 1995 july 1996 diagnosed chlamydia trachomatis infection responded 8 closeended sexual behavioral questions using survey techniques randomized crossover design 95 women black 71 felt ease using computers although kappa scores indicated goodtoexcellent agreement interview techniques women tended admit socially undesirable behaviors often upon vcasis upon ftfis 30 women gave discrepant response vcasi ftfi toward social desirability women reported socially undesirable behavior vcasis likely discrepant response use logistic regression model predict condom use yielded different results data vcasis used compared data ftfis findings suggest vcasi technique reduce social desirability bias improve validity research requiring data sensitive sexual behaviors
|
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-018-0645-8
|
Colleen M. McBride|Sharon Hensley Alford|Robert J. Reid|Eric B. Larson|Andreas D. Baxevanis|Lawrence C. Brody
|
Putting science over supposition in the arena of personalized genomics
| 2,008 |
National Human Genome Research Institute|National Institutes of Health|Henry Ford Hospital|Group Health Cooperative|Group Health Cooperative|National Human Genome Research Institute|National Institutes of Health|National Human Genome Research Institute|National Institutes of Health
|
colleen mcbride colleagues argue progress multifaceted research agenda necessary reap full benefits avoid potential pitfalls emerging area personalized genomics also outline one element agenda multiplex initiative underway since 2006 explore process going genome discovery evaluation medical impact discuss emerging challenges faced scientific community need confront challenges heightened climate unregulated genetic tests marketed directly general public12 specifically characterize delicate balance involved deciding genomic discoveries genedisease associations ready evaluated potential tools improve health recommend considerable research commitment made order successfully bridge rapidly widening gap genedisease association research critical slower involved investigations public health clinical utility lastly describe large ongoing earlyphase research project multiplex initiative examining issues related utility genetic susceptibility testing common health conditions
|
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-016-0185-3
|
Elizabeth Lawrence
|
Why Do College Graduates Behave More Healthfully Than Those Who Are Less Educated?
| 2,017 |
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
|
college graduates live much healthier lives less education research yet document certainty sources disparity study examines us young adults earn college degrees exhibit healthier behavior less education use data national longitudinal study adolescent adult health add health offers information education health behaviors across adolescence young adulthood n14265 accounting selection college degree attainment substantially reduces associations college degree attainment health behavior college degree attainment demonstrates strong causal effect young adult health financial occupational social cognitive psychological resources explain less half association college degree attainment health behavior healthier behaviors college graduates result sorting educational attainment embedding human capital mechanisms socioeconomic psychosocial resources
|
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-011-9332-7
|
Justin F. Shaffer|Julie Ferguson|Kameryn Denaro
|
Use of the Test of Scientific Literacy Skills Reveals That Fundamental Literacy Is an Important Contributor to Scientific Literacy
| 2,019 |
Colorado School of Mines|University of California, Irvine|University of California, Irvine
|
college science courses aim teach students disciplinary knowledge scientific literacy skills several instruments developed assess students scientific literacy skills studies reported demographic differences may play role goal study determine whether demographic factors differentially impact students scientific literacy skills assessed 700 students using test scientific literacy skills tosls validated instrument developed assess scientific literacy college science courses interestingly found scholastic aptitude test sat reading score strongest predictor tosls performance suggesting fundamental literacy reading comprehension critical component scientific literacy skills additionally found significant differences raw scientific literacy skills basis ethnicity underrepresented minority urm vs nonurm major science technology engineering mathematics stem vs nonstem year college eg senior vs freshman grade point average gpa sat math scores however using multivariate regression models found difference based ethnicity data suggest students aptitude level training based gpa sat scores stem nonstem major year college significantly correlated scientific literacy skills thus could used predictors student success courses assess scientific literacy skills
|
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15061279
|
Frederick Tucker
|
SOCIOLOGICAL MEDIA: MAXIMIZING STUDENT INTEREST IN QUANTITATIVE METHODS VIA COLLABORATIVE USE OF DIGITAL MEDIA
| 2,016 |
Borough of Manhattan Community College
|
college sociology lecturers tasked inspiring student interest quantitative methods despite widespread student anxiety subject tendency students relieve classroom anxiety habitual web browsing paper author details results pedagogical program whereby students new york city community college used industrystandard software design conduct analyze sociological surveys one another aim inspiring student interest quantitative methods enhancing technical literacy chisquare test independence performed determine effect pedagogical process students ability discuss sociological methods unrelated surveys final papers compared authors students previous semester undergo pedagogical program relation variables significant 23 n36 98 p 02 findings suggest community college students lecturer supervision minimal prior statistical knowledge access digital media collaborate small groups create conduct sociological surveys discuss methods results limited classroom time college sociology lecturers instead combatting student desire use digital media harness desire advance student mastery quantitative methods key words community college digital media sociological methods transformative pedagogy
|
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40037-017-0397-2
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Hye Jeong Kim|Ah Jeong Hong|Hae?Deok Song
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The Relationships of Family, Perceived Digital Competence and Attitude, and Learning Agility in Sustainable Student Engagement in Higher Education
| 2,018 |
Chung-Ang University|Chung-Ang University|Chung-Ang University
|
college students often assumed digitally fluent digital natives owing exposure digital technologies early age furthermore assumed digital competence likely prepare learning college however observed current college students digital natives may may effectively apply digital technologies college education purpose study examine impact college students prior digital experiences particularly families influence incollege digital competence attitude extension student engagement total 381 university students surveyed study data obtained selfadministered online survey analyzed using partial least squares also evaluated research model according findings study students positive prior digital experience significantly influences perceived digital competence attitude toward digital technologies addition research also indicates college students perceived digital competence attitudes mediated learning agility ability continuously learn willingness apply acquired knowledge article may thus act springboard empirical research well examining nature students prior positive experiences learning agility digital competencies
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https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001024
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Jessica E. Brodsky|Patricia J. Brooks|Donna Scimeca|Ralitsa Todorova|Peter Galati|Michael Batson|Robert Grosso|Michael Matthews|Victor B. Miller|Michael P. Caulfield
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Improving college students’ fact-checking strategies through lateral reading instruction in a general education civics course
| 2,021 |
The Graduate Center, CUNY|The Graduate Center, CUNY|College of Staten Island|Lehman College|College of Staten Island|College of Staten Island|College of Staten Island|College of Staten Island|College of Staten Island|Washington State University Vancouver
|
college students lack factchecking skills may lead accept information face value report findings institution participating digital polarization initiative dpi national effort teach students lateral reading strategies used expert factcheckers verify online information lateral reading requires users leave information website find whether someone already factchecked claim identify original source learn individuals organizations making claim instructormatched sections general education civics course implemented dpi curriculum n 136 students provided businessasusual civics instruction n 94 students posttest students dpi sections likely use lateral reading factcheck correctly evaluate trustworthiness information controls aligning dpis emphasis using wikipedia investigate sources students dpi sections reported greater use wikipedia posttest controls differ significantly trust wikipedia dpi sections students failed read laterally posttest reported higher trust wikipedia pretest students read least one problem laterally responsiveness curriculum also linked numbers online assignments attempted unrelated pretest media literacy knowledge use lateral reading selfreported use lateral reading research needed determine whether improvements lateral reading maintained time explore factors might distinguish students whose skills improved instruction nonresponders
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(15)00144-8
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A. El Zein|Karla P. Shelnutt|Sarah Colby|Melissa J. Vilaro|Wenjun Zhou|Geoffrey Greene|Melissa D. Olfert|Kristin Riggsbee|Jesse Stabile Morrell|Anne Mathews
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Prevalence and correlates of food insecurity among U.S. college students: a multi-institutional study
| 2,019 |
University of Florida|University of Florida|University of Tennessee at Knoxville|University of Florida|University of Tennessee at Knoxville|University of Rhode Island|West Virginia University|University of Tennessee at Knoxville|University of New Hampshire|University of Florida
|
college students may vulnerable food insecurity due limited financial resources decreased buying power federal aid rising costs tuition housing food study assessed prevalence food insecurity sociodemographic health academic food pantry correlates among firstyear college students united statesa crosssectional study conducted among firstyear students n 855 across eight us universities food security status assessed using us department agriculture adult food security survey module cohens perceived stress scale pittsburgh sleep quality index eating attitudes test26 used assess perceived stress sleep quality disordered eating behaviors respectively participants selfreported grade point average gpa completed questions related meal plan enrollment utilization oncampus food pantriesof participating students 19 foodinsecure additional 253 risk food insecurity students identified racial minority lived offcampus received pell grant reported parental education high school less participate meal plan likely foodinsecure multivariate logistic regression models adjusted sociodemographic characteristics meal plan enrollment indicated foodinsecure students significantly higher odds poor sleep quality 232 95 ci 143376 high stress 465 95 ci 266811 disordered eating behaviors 249 95 ci 120490 gpa 30 191 95 ci 119307 compared foodsecure students finally half students 564 oncampus pantry aware existence 222 foodinsecure students endorsed utilizing pantry food acquisitionfood insecurity among firstyear college students highly prevalent implications academic performance health outcomes higher education institutions screen food insecurity implement policy programmatic initiatives promote healthier college experience campus food pantries may useful shortterm relief however limited use students suggest need additional solutions rightsbased approach food insecurityretrospectively registered clinicaltrialsgov nct02941497
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https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.22205
|
Markus H. Schafer|Lindsay R. Wilkinson|Kenneth F. Ferraro
|
Childhood (Mis)fortune, Educational Attainment, and Adult Health: Contingent Benefits of a College Degree?
| 2,013 |
University of Toronto|Purdue University System|Purdue University System
|
collegeeducated adults healthier people united states selection bias complicates understanding education influences health article focuses possibility health benefits college may vary according childhood misfortune peoples propensity attain college degree first place several perspectives life course sociology offer competing hypotheses whether least advantaged see greatest return college education authors use national survey middleage american adults assess risk two cardiovascular health problems mortality results propensity score hierarchical regression analysis indicate protective effect college attainment indeed heterogeneous greatest returns among least likely experience life course transition ie compensatory leveling explanations selection effect offered along several directions future research health benefits completing college
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https://doi.org/10.1080/10888430903150634
|
Milo Schield
|
Statistical Literacy Curriculum Design
| 2,004 | null |
collegelevel students pursuing majors dont require quantitative course still need statistical literacy course helps develop skills evaluate arguments use statistics evidence course entail utility everyday use statistical literacy results lasting appreciation value statistics needed everyday life civic life professional life data consumer course designed promote statistical literasy help students understand analyze various influences size direction statistical association include key topics conditional probability confounding vulnerability statistical significance confounding paper describes new ways presenting ideas based results field trials conducted connection w keck statistical literacy project augsburg college studying statistical literacy 43 percent augsburg students strongly agreed course helped develop critical thinking skills 18 percent strongly agreed successful completion course become requirement graduation
|
https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.983
|
Martine Robinson Beachboard|John C. Beachboard
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Critical-Thinking Pedagogy and Student Perceptions of University Contributions to Their Academic Development
| 2,010 |
Idaho State University|Idaho State University
|
colleges universities increasingly called upon demonstrate indeed educating students justify increasing tuition fees charge education consortium 2006using data collected part 2005 national survey student engagement nsse study examines relationship assignment higher order thinking activities programs study student perceptions extent universities contributed general academic development job preparationthe empirical evidence provided study indicates extra efforts faculty exert engage students higher order thinking activities make difference acknowledged least implicitly students contributing development critical life skills
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2013.11.016
|
Rajesh Sharma
|
An examination of colorectal cancer burden by socioeconomic status: evidence from GLOBOCAN 2018
| 2,019 |
Delhi Technological University
|
colon rectum colorectal cancer cause substantial mortality morbidity worldwide management control complex disease cancer cannot rely old strategy one disease one medicine must make transition newage practices involving predictive preventive personalized medicine pppm core adoption pppm approach cancer management policy level requires quantification cancer burden country level purpose examine burden colorectal cancer 185 countries 2018 based results discuss opportunities presented pppm challenges encountered adopting pppm treatment prevention colorectal cancer age sexwise estimates colorectal cancer procured globocan 2018 country regionwise burden colorectal cancer 185 countries examined using allage agestandardized incidence mortality estimates human development index hdi employed indicator socioeconomic status country mortalitytoincidence ratio mir employed proxy 5year survival rate globally colorectal cancer claimed estimated 880792 lives males 484224 females 396568 185 million new cases males 103 million females 823303 estimated diagnosed 2018 globally agestandardized incidence rate asir 197100000 whereas agestandardized mortality rate asmr recorded 163100000 2018 agestandardized rates highest developed countries led hungary asir 512100000 followed south korea asir 445100000 asmr followed patterns asir highest asmr recorded hungary 215 per 100000 slovakia 204 per 100000 globally mir stood 048 among countries recording 1000 cases nepal registered highest mir 083 lowest recorded south korea 027 agestandardized rates exhibited nonlinear association hdi whereas mir negatively associated hdi colorectal cancer causes substantial burden worldwide exhibit positive association socioeconomic status aid improving screening modalities preventable nature disease due dietary lifestyle risk factors improving treatment procedures burden crc largely curtailed high burden crc developing countries therefore calls effective prevention strategies costeffective screening earlystage detection costeffective predictive personalized treatment regime
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-14-127
|
David A. Johnson|Alan Barkun|Lauren Cohen|Jason A. Dominitz|Tonya Kaltenbach|Myriam Martel|Douglas J. Robertson|Ricardo Boland|Frances M. Giardello|David A. Lieberman|Theodore R. Levin|Douglas K. Rex
|
Optimizing Adequacy of Bowel Cleansing for Colonoscopy: Recommendations From the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer
| 2,014 |
Eastern Virginia Medical School|McGill University Health Centre|Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai|VA Puget Sound Health Care System|University of Washington|Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research|Stanford University|McGill University Health Centre|Dartmouth College|Baylor University Medical Center|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins University|Oregon Health & Science University|Kaiser Permanente Walnut Creek Medical Center|Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis
|
colorectal cancer crc second leading cause cancerrelated deaths united states 1 colonoscopy prevent crc detection removal precancerous lesions addition crc screening surveillance colonoscopy used widely diagnostic evaluation symptoms positive crc screening tests regardless indication success colonoscopy linked closely adequacy preprocedure bowel cleansing unfortunately 2025 colonoscopies reported inadequate bowel preparation 2 3 reasons range patientrelated variables compliance preparation instructions variety medical conditions make bowel cleansing difficult unitspecific factors eg extended wait times scheduling colonoscopy 4 adverse consequences ineffective bowel preparation include lower adenoma detection rates longer procedural time lower cecal intubation rates increased electrocautery risk shorter intervals examinations 3 5 6 7 bowel preparation formulations intended precolonoscopy cleansing assessed based efficacy safety tolerability lack specific organ toxicity considered prerequisite bowel preparations cleansing efficacy tolerability however consequences inadequate cleansing suggest efficacy higher priority tolerability consequently choice bowel cleansing regimen based cleansing efficacy first patient tolerability second however efficacy tolerability closely interrelated example cleansing agent poorly tolerated thus fully ingested may achieve adequate cleansing goals consensus document provide expert evidencebased recommendations clinicians optimize colonoscopy preparation quality patient safety recommendations provided using grades recommendation assessment development evaluation grade scoring system weighs strength recommendation quality evidence 8 methods search strategy computerized medical literature searches conducted january 1980 first year approval polyethylene glycolelectrolyte lavage solution pegelsbased preparation food drug administration fda august 2013 using medline pubmed embase scopus central isi web knowledge used highly sensitive search strategy identify reports randomized controlled trials 9 combination medical subject headings adapted database text words related colonoscopy gastrointestinal agents bowel preparation generic name brand name complete search terms available appendix recursive searches crossreferencing also performed using similar articles function hand searches articles identified initial search included fully published adult human studies english french systematic review published articles abstracts presented national meetings performed collect select evidence metaanalysis consensus agreement used analyze evidence expert consensus used formulate recommendations grade system used rate strength recommendations guideline reviewed committees approved governing boards member societies multisociety task force colorectal cancer american college gastroenterology american gastroenterological association american society gastrointestinal endoscopy effect inadequate preparation polypadenoma detection recommended followup intervals recommendations preliminary assessment preparation quality made rectosigmoid colon indication screening surveillance preparation clearly inadequate allow polyp detection greater 5 mm procedure either terminated rescheduled attempt made additional bowel cleansing strategies delivered without cancelling procedure day strong recommendation lowquality evidence colonoscopy complete cecum preparation ultimately deemed inadequate examination repeated generally aggressive preparation regimen within 1 year intervals shorter 1 year indicated advanced neoplasia detected inadequate preparation strong recommendation lowquality evidence preparation deemed adequate colonoscopy completed guideline recommendations screening surveillance followed strong recommendation highquality evidence inadequate colonic preparation associated reduced adenoma detection rates adrs large prospective european study 5832 patients enrolled 21 centers across 11 countries examined association preparation quality polyp identification colonoscopy performed range common indications highquality preparation associated identification polyps sizes odds ratio 173 95 confidence interval ci 128236 polyps greater 10 mm size 172 95 ci 111267 2 analysis national endoscopic database examined association preparation quality polyp identification 93004 colonoscopies 3 colon preparation entered endoscopist time procedure dichotomized adequate excellent good fairadequate inadequate fair inadequate poor adjusted models adequate preparation predictive detection polyps 121 95 ci 116125 polyps greater 9 mm andor suspected cancer 15 95 ci 098111 similarly singlecenter study based us veterans affairs medical center examined preparation quality adrs 8800 colonoscopies performed 2001 2010 10 comparing examinations inadequatepoor preparation n829 adequate preparation n5162 overall polyp detection reduced 066 95 ci 056083 two retrospective singlecenter studies examined association preparation quality adenoma miss rates preparation considered inadequate examination repeated within short interval 11 12 miss rates total adenomas found second examination divided total adenomas found examinations 1 study 11 12787 colonoscopies 3047 24 suboptimal preparations fair poor repeat colonoscopy within 3 years 216 individuals achieved adequate preparation showed overall adenoma miss rate 42 miss rate 27 lesions 10 mm larger size study identified 373 averagerisk screening patients poor inadequate preparation 12 repeat colonoscopy 133 patients 77 achieved excellent good preparation showed 47 overall adenoma miss rate single prospective korean study evaluated 277 individuals complete colonoscopy perprotocol repeat tandem colonoscopy within 3 months initial examination 13 patient adenoma miss rate increased baseline preparation quality decreased aronchick scale 19 patients poor preparation adenoma advanced adenoma miss rates 47 37 respectively compared 21 9 excellent preparation p024 surveys report setting poor preparation endoscopists recommendations followup evaluation vary err shorter return intervals 14 15 1 study 65 boardcertified gastroenterologists 13 gastroenterology fellows 14 shown images preparations excellent intermediate quality nearly perfect preparation 10year interval generally recommended normal screening colonoscopy however recommendations quite variable lowerquality preparations ranging 5 years immediate repeat procedure survey gastroenterologists n116 preparing board certification found 83 would recommend followup evaluation 3 years less 12 small adenomas suboptimal preparation 15 several studies examined actual recommendations followup evaluation within framework clinical practice one study abstracted charts 152 physicians 55 north carolina practices 125 consecutive persons practice 16 preparation quality reported 32 examinations bowel preparations rated less excellent associated aggressive surveillance found polyps small andor medium adenomas prospective singlecenter study 296 patients showed endoscopists encountered poor preparation recommended followup intervals often nonadherent guidelines 34 nonadherent vs 20 adherent p01 17 prospective study estimated 1 bowel preparations deemed inadequate requiring repeat colonoscopy shortened interval costs delivering colonoscopy overall increased 1 5 substantial adverse effects inadequate preparation rationale establishing target rates adequate preparation see later dosing timing colon cleansing regimens recommendations use splitdose bowel cleansing regimen strongly recommended elective colonoscopy strong recommendation highquality evidence sameday regimen acceptable alternative split dosing especially patients undergoing afternoon examination strong recommendation highquality evidence second dose split preparation ideally begin 46 h time colonoscopy completion last dose least 2 h procedure time strong recommendation moderatequality evidence splitdose regimens preparation agents administered entirely day colonoscopy chyme small intestine enters colon accumulates producing film coats proximal colon impairs detection flat lesions length time last dose preparation initiation colonoscopy correlates quality proximal colon cleansing 18 19 20 1 study chance good excellent preparation right colon decreased 10 additional hour end ingesting preparation start colonoscopy 20 splitting implies roughly half bowel cleansing dose given day colonoscopy overwhelmingly consistent data show superior efficacy split dose compared traditional regimen administering preparation day procedure 18 21 22 23 24 split dosing leads higher adrs 25 26 four guidelines endorsed split dosing preparations colonoscopy 27 28 29 30 sameday regimens sameday bowel cleansing effective alternative split dosing patients afternoon colonoscopy 31 32 33 34 large singleblind prospective study sameday preparation provided better mucosal cleansing less sleep disturbance better tolerance less impact activities daily living greater patient preference scores compared split dosing 35 obstacles split sameday regimens anecdotally anesthesia providers sometimes oppose split sameday dosing concern aspiration risk evidencedbased guideline american society anesthesiologists however states ingestion clear liquids 2 h sedation affect residual gastric volume 36 furthermore 2 endoscopic studies found ingestion bowel cleansing agents day colonoscopy affect residual gastric volumes indicating rate gastric emptying bowel preparations similar clear liquids 37 38 preoperative dehydration may greater safety concern drinking clear liquids anesthesia second objection split dosing patients scheduled early morning procedures may unwilling get night take second dose laxatives acceptance compliance splitdose bowel preparation high pose deterrent prescribing splitdose preparations colonoscopy 39 40 risk fecal incontinence transit endoscopy center increased minimally split dosing 40 diet bowel cleansing recommendation using splitdose bowel cleansing regimen diet recommendations include either lowresidue full liquids evening day colonoscopy weak recommendation moderatequality evidence traditionally patients instructed ingest clear liquids day colonoscopy recent randomized trials report liberalized diet day colonoscopy associated better tolerance preparation comparable better bowel cleansing 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 diet regimens trials variable included regular diet 6 pm regular breakfast lowresidue breakfast lunch snack soft diet semiliquid diet heterogeneity p008 i62 degree heterogeneity reluctant recommend regular diet day colonoscopy accordingly lowresidue diet part day colonoscopy considered patients without identifiable preprocedural risks inadequate colon preparation pending additional study colonoscopists carefully evaluate compromise efficacy dietary flexibility allowed usefulness patient education navigators optimizing preparation results recommendations health care professionals provide oral written patient education instructions components colonoscopy preparation emphasize importance compliance strong recommendation moderatequality evidence physician performing colonoscopy ensure appropriate support process measures place patients achieve adequate colonoscopy preparation quality strong recommendation lowquality evidence patient education program administered health care professionals increases patient compliance improves quality decreases repeat examinations costs 49 use verbal written instructions compared written instructions independent predictor adequate bowel preparation quality educational tools booklets information leaflets animations visual aids standardized validated 50 51 effective across range health literacy education levels 4 52 use novel patient educational booklet precolonoscopy preparation resulted better bowel preparation quality scores achieved using conventional instructions 37 95 ci 2358 53 trained patient navigators help guide patients colonoscopy process provide education patients address barriers colonoscopy review bowel preparation protocols appointments ensure patients escort appointments patient navigators urban minorities openaccess referral systems resulted increase screening colonoscopy completion rates 54 55 safetynet hospitals costs navigation offset increased screening compliance navigation cost effective 56 barriers successful navigation included incomplete contact information language problems insurance lapses impact sex ethnicity professional status patient navigator needs additional evaluation rating quality bowel preparation colonoscopy recommendations adequacy bowel preparation assessed appropriate efforts clear residual debris completed strong recommendation lowquality evidence measurement rate adequate colon cleansing conducted routinely strong recommendation moderatequality evidence adequate preparation defined cleansing allows recommendation screening surveillance interval appropriate findings examination achieved 85 examinations perphysician basis strong recommendation lowquality evidence reporting quality bowel preparation required element colonoscopy report 57 58 clinical trials cleansing quality often estimated using scales downgrade quality retained fluid clinical practice however retained fluid much semisolid debris colon removed intraprocedural cleansing capacity conduct effective mucosal inspection established intraprocedural cleansing preparation quality clinical practice assessed appropriate intraprocedural washing suctioning completed reason use validated bowel preparation scale includes scoring retained fluid eg aronchick ottawa recommended us multisociety task force usmstf considers operational definition adequate preparation one colonoscopist recommend followup screening surveillance interval next colonoscopy appropriate examination findings unfortunately scores validated scales correspond point preparation meets usmstf operational definition adequate preparation ability follow recommended screening surveillance interval generally uncertain clinical practice clinicians often use imprecisely defined 4point scale excellent good fair poor scheme excellent good widely viewed adequate research indicates many fair preparations clinical practice also adequate 10 usmstf previously recommended clinicians could consider preparation adequate suctioning washing mucosa procedure deemed adequate detection lesions greater 5 mm size 59 concept part validated bowel preparation scale reflect current concepts sizes colorectal lesions clinically important detect 60 additional research needed develop validated scales scoring bowel cleansing consider retained fluid include defined points correspond adequate preparation currently boston bowel preparation scale comes closest meeting criteria consider retained fluid boston bowel preparation scale score 5 higher associated 2 rate recommending shortened followup intervals 61 detailed review bowel preparation scales shown appendix b whichever scale used practice recommend method defining adequate preparation include whether colonoscopist recommends expected screening surveillance intervals based colonoscopy findings ability detect lesions greater 5 mm size throughout colon clinically relevant test adequacy appropriateness follow screening surveillance intervals furthermore endoscopists encouraged submit procedure reports data registry benchmarks performance quality measures minimally accepted national thresholds mean levels performance among peers rate adequate bowel preparation endoscopist usmstf recommended benchmark 85 improvement initiative undertaken high rates inadequate preparations reflect low patient compliance failure adjust preparation regimens medical predictors inadequate preparation signal processes policies endoscopy unit need revision fdaapproved preparations recommendations selection bowelcleansing regimen take consideration patients medical history medications available adequacy bowel preparation reported prior colonoscopies strong recommendation moderatequality evidence splitdose regimen 4 l pegels provides highquality bowel cleansing strong recommendation highquality evidence healthy nonconstipated individuals 4l pegels formulation produces bowelcleansing quality superior lowervolume peg formulation strong recommendation highquality evidence polyethylene glycolelectrolyte lavage solution pegelsbased cleansing agents available 4 l considered large high volume 2 l plus adjunct considered low volume sodium phosphate nap solution fleet phosphosoda fleet ezprep cb fleet co lynchburg va hyperosmotic cleansing agent withdrawn us overthecounter otc market december 2008 concern regarding phosphateinduced renal disease 62 prescription tablet formulation nap osmoprep salix pharmaceuticals raleigh nc remains available although boxed warning risk acute phosphate nephropathy added label 62 recently approved lowvolume agents include oral sulfate solution oss suprep braintree laboratories braintree sodium picosulfatemagnesium citrate prepopik ferring pharmaceuticals inc parsippany nj combination pegels oss suclear braintree laboratories polyethylene glycolelectrolyte lavage solution reducedvolume fdaapproved pegels formulations developed improve tolerance one preparations 2l pegels bisacodyl halflytely braintree laboratories recently removed market another 2l pegels product contains supplemental ascorbate sodium sulfate moviprep salix pharmaceuticals several 4l pegelsbased preparations approved fda including colyte alaven pharmaceuticals marietta ga gavilyte gavis pharmaceuticals somerset nj golytely braintree laboratories nulytely braintree laboratories sulfate free highvolume pegels 3 l compared lowvolume pegels 3 l 28 trials yielding 7208 intentiontotreat itt patients 3456 highvolume pegels 3752 lowvolume pegels 18 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 twentyone trials included analyzable bowelcleanliness outcomes 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 74 75 76 79 81 82 83 84 85 86 88 89 highvolume pegels show significant increase bowel cleanliness 103 95 ci 080132 eight trials included pegels split dose 2 l administered day 2 l administered day procedure compared pegels nonsplit regimen regardless dosage yielding 1990 itt patients 846 pegels split 2 l2 l dose 1144 peg nonsplit 18 46 66 81 84 85 90 91 six trials analyzable resulting significantly increased cleanliness pegels splitdose regimen 2 l2 l compared pegels nonsplit dose 438 95 ci 1881021 46 66 81 84 85 90 isoosmotic pegels regimens often considered preferred regimens patients less likely tolerate fluid shifts including patients renal insufficiency congestive heart failure advanced liver disease oral sulfate solution two trials evaluated oss 92 93 one trial compared oss splitdose regimen 4 l pegels taken day found successful preparations oss 984 vs 896 p 04 perprotocol data 93 second trial compared oss pegels 2 l plus ascorbate oss 2 l pegels plus ascorbate effective given split doses fda approved oss splitdose administration 92 combined results 923 itt patients 462 oss 461 peg found oss increase bowel cleanliness 112 95 ci 077162 92 93 sodium picosulfate sodium picosulfate pico stimulant laxative often combined magnesium salt recently introduced us market considerable experience canada europe australia eleven trials compared pico vs pegels yielded 3097 itt patients 1385 pico 1715 pegels 77 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 pico preparations combined either magnesium oxide magnesium citrate ten trials included analyzable cleanliness data comparing pico pegels 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 pico formulation show significant increase efficacy compared pegels 092 95 ci 063136 eight trials compared pico nap yielding 1792 itt patients 966 pico 826 nap 77 97 104 105 106 107 108 109 three trials included analyzable cleanliness data pico superior nap 060 95 ci 022165 97 106 107 1 trial compared pico splitdose regimen vs pico day day including 250 itt patients 127 split 123 split 110 pico splitdose compared pico daybefore sameday regimen significantly higher proportion bowel cleanliness 354 95 ci 195645 sodium phosphate oral nap use bowel preparation decreased rare occurrence renal damage tubular deposition calcium phosphate 111 112 potential risk factors napinduced nephropathy include following female sex preexisting renal insufficiency inadequate hydration bowel preparation reduced time interval 2 doses sodium phosphate 12 h hypertension older age certain medications diuretics nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs reninangiotensin inhibitors 113 fortyeight trials included comparison nap vs pegels yielding 11368 itt patients 5529 peg vs 5839 nap 75 76 77 97 108 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 thirtythree trials included analyzable bowelcleanliness outcomes 75 76 97 108 114 115 117 119 121 124 126 127 129 130 131 132 133 136 137 139 140 141 143 145 146 148 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 use nap show increase bowel cleanliness 102 95 ci 077136 associated better willingness repeat regimen 261 95 ci 148459 comparisons nap oss pico discussed previously three trials 144 158 159 included comparison nap splitdose regimen nap day procedure day total 598 itt patients 355 split vs 243 nonsplit 144 158 159 two trials158 159 included analyzable data showed better cleansing splitdose regimens 235 95 ci 127434 158 159 although nap effective well tolerated patients risk adverse events makes unsuitable firstline agent furthermore nap recommended patients renal insufficiency creatinine clearance60 mlmin173 m2 preexisting electrolyte disturbances congestive heart failure new york heart association class iii iv ejection fraction50 cirrhosis ascites caution used prescribing nap patients elderly hypertensive taking angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs diuretics otc nonfdaapproved preparations recommendations otc bowel cleansing agents variable efficacy ranges adequate superior depending agent dose timing administration whether used alone combination regardless agent efficacy tolerability enhanced splitdose regimen strong recommendation moderatequality evidence although otc purgatives generally safe caution required using agents certain populations example magnesiumbased preparations otc fdaapproved formulations avoided patients chronic kidney disease weak recommendation low quality evidence use otc products bowel cleansing colonoscopy deemed safe use public without advice health care professional efficacy safety products specific indications may unproven fdas oversight otc products generally conducted therapeutic class rather individual drugs consequently otc product may little supporting evidence comparative data showing either efficacy safety relative available products products marketed specifically colonoscopy bowel preparation must evaluated randomized trials assess efficacy safety must receive approval via new drug application nda fda products available prescription purgative agent marketed without approved nda must meet requirements otc agents set forth laxative monograph unpublished data fda specifically recognized 2 bowel cleansing kits 160 kit different components would require approved nda andor amendment monograph highly unlikely cleaning kits follows magnesiu
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2010.09.008
|
David A. Johnson|Alan Barkun|Lauren Cohen|Jason A. Dominitz|Tonya Kaltenbach|Myriam Martel|Douglas J. Robertson|C. Richard Boland|Frances M. Giardello|David A. Lieberman|Theodore R. Levin|Douglas K. Rex
|
Optimizing Adequacy of Bowel Cleansing for Colonoscopy: Recommendations From the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer
| 2,014 |
Eastern Virginia Medical School|McGill University Health Centre|Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai|VA Puget Sound Health Care System|University of Washington|Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research|Stanford University|McGill University Health Centre|Dartmouth College|White River Junction VA Medical Center|Baylor University Medical Center|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins University|Oregon Health & Science University|Kaiser Permanente Walnut Creek Medical Center|Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis
|
colorectal cancer crc second leading cause cancerrelated deaths united states1 colonoscopy prevent crc detection removal precancerous lesions addition crc screening surveillance colonoscopy used widely diagnostic evaluation symptoms positive crc screening tests regardless indication success colonoscopy linked closely adequacy preprocedure bowel cleansing
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2010.08.015
|
Elizabeth Nagelhout|Kristen Comarell|N. Jewel Samadder|Yelena P. Wu
|
Barriers to Colorectal Cancer Screening in a Racially Diverse Population Served by a Safety-Net Clinic
| 2,017 |
University of Utah|Westminster College - Utah|University of Utah|Huntsman Cancer Institute
|
colorectal cancer crc second leading cause cancerrelated deaths us yet screening rates remain low among minority populations purpose current study identify differences endorsement barriers crc screening evaluate association provider recommendation crc screening adherence among hispanic pacific islander white patients study utilized cross sectional survey design identify patientreported barriers crc screening logistic regression utilized evaluate association patient demographic characteristics raceethnicity gender age received provider recommendation patient awareness crc screening study sample comprised diverse population n 197 48 hispanic 25 white 10 pacific islander 4 black 13 racesethnicity median age participants 58 yet fewer 30 uptodate crc screening commonly cited barriers included fear test results 276 inability leave work crc screening appointment 269 unaware need colonoscopy 254 lack provider recommendation crc screening 249 162 participants reported provider discussed crc screening options adjusting age gender hispanic patients less likely report provider discuss crc screening options compared white patients 024 95 ci 009068 p 005 findings study indicate patients perceived screening barriers lack awareness lack provider communication crc screening options may contribute low screening rates among minority populations
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.2007.00089.x
|
David W. Baker|Tiffany Brown|David Buchanan|Jordan Weil|Kate Balsley|Lauren Ranalli|Ji Young Lee|Kenzie A. Cameron|Manuel Pedro Ramalho Ferreira|Quinn Stephens|Shira Goldman|Alred Rademaker|Michael S. Wolf
|
Comparative Effectiveness of a Multifaceted Intervention to Improve Adherence to Annual Colorectal Cancer Screening in Community Health Centers
| 2,014 |
Northwestern University|Northwestern University|Erie Family Health Center|Northwestern University|Erie Family Health Center|Erie Family Health Center|Erie Family Health Center|Northwestern University|Northwestern University|Northwestern University|Northwestern University|Northwestern University|Northwestern University|Northwestern University
|
colorectal cancer crc screening rates lower among latinos people living poverty fecal occult blood testing fobt one recommended screening modality may overcome cost access barriers however ability fobt reduce crc mortality depends high rates adherence annual screeningto determine whether multifaceted intervention increases adherence annual fobt compared usual carepatientlevel randomized controlled trial conducted network community health centers included 450 patients previously completed home fobt march 2011 february 2012 negative test result 72 participants women 87 latino 83 stated spanish preferred language 77 uninsuredusual care participating health centers included computerized reminders standing orders medical assistants give patients home fecal immunochemical tests fit clinician feedback crc screening rates intervention group also received 1 mailed reminder letter free fit lowliteracy instructions postagepaid return envelope 2 automated telephone text message reminding due screening fit mailed 3 automated telephone text reminder 2 weeks later return fit 4 personal telephone outreach crc screening navigator 3 monthscompletion fobt within 6 months date patient due annual screeningintervention patients much likely usual care complete fobt 822 vs 373 p 001 185 intervention patients completing screening 102 completed prior due date intervention given 396 within 2 weeks initial intervention 240 within 2 13 weeks automated calltext reminder 84 13 26 weeks personal callthis intervention greatly increased adherence annual crc screening screenings achieved without personal calls possible improve annual crc screening vulnerable populations relatively lowcost strategies facilitated health information technologiesclinicaltrialsgov identifier nct01453894
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-656
|
Mira L. Katz|James L. Fisher|Kelly Fleming|Electra D. Paskett
|
Patient Activation Increases Colorectal Cancer Screening Rates: A Randomized Trial among Low-Income Minority Patients
| 2,012 |
Neighborhood Health|The Ohio State University|Neighborhood Health|The Ohio State University|Neighborhood Health|The Ohio State University|Neighborhood Health|The Ohio State University
|
colorectal cancer crc screening rates remain low among lowincome minority populations purpose study determine whether providing patients screening information activating ask screening test telephone barriers counseling improves crc screening rates compared providing screening information onlypatients randomized crc screening information plus patient activation barriers counseling n 138 crc screening information n 132 barriers counseling attempted among activated patients screening completed one month crc screening test completion determined medical record review two months medical visit logistic regression used determine whether activated patients likely complete crc screening adjustment confounding factors eg demographic characteristics crc knowledgepatients african american 722 female 637 annual household incomes less 20000 607 health insurance 570 limited health literacy skills 537 adjusted analyses patients randomized activation group completed screening test 196 vs 99 235 95 ci 114556 p 0020 addition activated patients reported discussing screening provider 544 vs 275 329 95 ci 195556 p 0001 screening tests ordered 391 vs 176 340 95 ci 188615 p 0001 compared control grouppatient activation increased crc screening rates among lowincome minority patientsinnovative strategies still needed increase crc screening discussions motivate providers recommend screening patients well assist patients complete ordered screening tests
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https://doi.org/10.17645/si.v7i3.2052
|
David P. Miller|John G. Spangler|L. D. Case|David C. Goff|Sonal Singh|Michael Pignone
|
Effectiveness of a Web-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening Patient Decision Aid
| 2,011 |
Wake Forest University|Wake Forest University|Wake Forest University|Wake Forest University|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins University|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
|
colorectal cancer crc screening reduces mortality yet remains underutilized low health literacy may contribute underutilization interfering patients ability understand receive preventive health servicesto determine webbased multimedia crc screening patient decision aid developed mixedliteracy audience could increase crc screeningrct patients aged 5074 years overdue crc screening randomized webbased decision aid control program seen immediately scheduled primary care appointmenta large communitybased universityaffiliated internal medicine practice serving socioeconomically disadvantaged populationpatients completed surveys determine ability state screening test preference readiness receive screening charts abstracted masked observers determine screening tests ordered completedbetween november 2007 september 2008 total 264 patients enrolled study data collection completed 2009 data analysis completed 2010 majority participants mean age578 years female 67 africanamerican 74 annual household incomes 20000 76 limited health literacy 56 compared control participants decisionaid participants crc screening preference 84 vs 55 p00001 increase readiness receive screening 52 vs 20 p00001 decisionaid participants crc screening tests ordered 30 vs 21 completed 19 vs 14 statistically significant differences seen aor16 95 ci097 28 aor17 95 ci088 32 respectively similar results found across literacy levelsthe webbased decision aid increased patients ability form test preference intent receive screening regardless literacy level study examine ways decision aid combined additional system changes increase crc screening
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2020.102867
|
Stephanie Ward|Karen Lin|Brian F. Meyer|Sarah Bauerle Bass|Lalitha Parameswaran|Thomas F. Gordon|Sheryl Burt Ruzek
|
Increasing Colorectal Cancer Screening among African Americans, Linking Risk Perception to Interventions Targeting Patients, Communities and Clinicians
| 2,008 |
Temple University|Temple University|Temple University|Temple University|Temple University|Temple University|Temple University
|
colorectal cancer crc screening remains significantly underutilized african americans despite increased risk compared whites purpose article review recent research patterns screening perceptions crc screening methods outcomes seven intervention trials specifically designed increase screening among african americans light recommendation american college gastroenterologists make colonoscopy screening method choice population review shows progress made understanding complexity perceived barriers crc screening among african americans interventions used communitybased education targeting individuals clinically based education targeting clinicians showed modest increases screening rates targeting entire communities show significant results however intervention studies use different types interventions different screening outcome measures results easily comparable growing evidence interventions increase use fecal occult blood test fobt yet known similar interventions increase rates screening colonoscopy clinicians patients policymakers also need consider array social cultural financial issues associated crc screening africanamerican communities
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-015-0143-0
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Antonio Z. Gimeno García|Noemi Hernandez Alvarez Buylla|David Nicolás–Pérez|Enrique Quintero
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Public Awareness of Colorectal Cancer Screening: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Interventions for Increasing Screening Uptake
| 2,014 |
Hospital Universitario de Canarias|Hospital Universitario de Canarias|Hospital Universitario de Canarias|Hospital Universitario de Canarias
|
colorectal cancer ranks one incidental death malignancies worldwide colorectal cancer screening proven benefit terms incidence mortality reduction randomized controlled trials fact recommended medical organizations either averagerisk familyrisk populations success screening campaign highly depends compliant target population several factors influence colorectal cancer screening uptake including sociodemographics provider healthcare system factors psychosocial factors awareness target population colorectal cancer screening crucial order increase screening participation rates knowledge disease prevention used across studies measurement public awareness studies found positive relationship knowledge colorectal cancer risk perception attitudes perceived benefits barriers screening willingness participate colorectal cancer screening campaign mentioned factors modifiable therefore susceptible intervention fact interventional studies focused averagerisk population tried increase colorectal cancer screening uptake improving public knowledge modifying attitudes present paper reviewed factors impacting adherence colorectal cancer screening interventions targeting participants increasing screening uptake
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.01.008
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Manuel Pedro Ramalho Ferreira|Nancy C. Dolan|Marian L. Fitzgibbon|Terry C. Davis|N. S. Gorby|Lisa A. Ladewski|Dachao Liu|Alfred Rademaker|Franklin Medio|Brian P. Schmitt|Charles L. Bennett
|
Health Care Provider-Directed Intervention to Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Veterans: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial
| 2,005 |
Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport|Northwestern University|Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport|Northwestern University|Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport|Northwestern University|Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport|Northwestern University|Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport|Northwestern University|Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport|Northwestern University|Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport|Northwestern University|Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport|Northwestern University|Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport|Northwestern University|Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport|Northwestern University|Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport|Northwestern University
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colorectal cancer screening underused cancer screening tool united states purpose study test whether health care providerdirected intervention increased colorectal cancer screening ratesthe study randomized controlled trial conducted two clinic firms veterans affairs medical center records 5711 patients reviewed 1978 patients eligible eligible patients men aged 50 years older personal family history colorectal cancer polyps received colorectal cancer screening least one visit clinic study period health care providers intervention firm attended workshop colorectal cancer screening every 4 6 months attended quality improvement workshops received group screening rates individualized confidential feedback training improving communication patients limited literacy skills medical records reviewed colorectal cancer screening recommendations completion literacy level assessed subset patientscolorectal cancer screening recommended 760 patients intervention firm 694 controls p 02 screening tests completed 413 patients intervention group versus 324 controls p 003 among patients health literacy skills less ninth grade screening completed 557 patients intervention group versus 30 controls p 01a providerdirected intervention feedback individual firmspecific screening rates significantly increased recommendations colorectal cancer screening completion rates among veterans
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https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988319857009
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Beverly B. Green|Melissa L. Anderson|Andrea J. Cook|Jessica Chubak|Sharon Fuller|Kilian Kimbel|Jeffrey T. Kullgren|Richard T. Meenan|Sally W. Vernon
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Financial Incentives to Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening Uptake and Decrease Disparities
| 2,019 |
Kaiser Permanente|Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute|University of Washington|Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute|Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute|University of Washington|Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute|University of Washington|Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute|Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute|VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research|The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
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colorectal cancer screening rates suboptimal particularly among sociodemographically disadvantaged groupsto examine whether guaranteed money probabilistic lottery financial incentives conditional completion colorectal cancer screening increase screening uptake particularly among groups lower screening ratesthis parallel 3arm randomized clinical trial conducted march 13 2017 april 12 2018 21 medical centers integrated health care system western washington total 838 ageeligible patients overdue colorectal cancer screening completed questionnaire confirmed eligibility included sociodemographic psychosocial questions enrolledinterventions 1 mail n 284 3 mailings included information importance colorectal cancer screening screening test choices fecal immunochemical test fit reminder letter necessary 2 mail monetary n 270 mailings plus guaranteed 10 screening completion 3 mail lottery n 284 mailings plus 1 10 chance receiving 50 screening completionthe primary outcome completion colorectal cancer screening within 6 months randomization secondary outcomes fit colonoscopy completion within 6 months randomization intervention effects compared across sociodemographic subgroups selfreported psychosocial measuresa total 838 participants mean sd age 597 72 years 546 652 female 433 522 white race 101 121 hispanic ethnicity included study completion colorectal screening significantly higher mail monetary group 207 270 767 mail lottery group 212 284 746 mail group 203 284 715 p 11 fit completion interventions statistically significant effect p 04 net increase 77 95 ci 03151 mail monetary group 71 95 ci 02 143 mail lottery group compared mail group patients medicaid insurance net increase compared mail fit completion mail monetary mail lottery group 377 95 ci 110643 342 mail monetary group 404 mail lottery group compared net increase 56 95 ci 09 122 among medicaid insured test interaction p 03financial incentives increased fit uptake overall colorectal cancer screening financial incentives may decrease screening disparities among sociodemographically disadvantaged groupsclinicaltrialsgov identifier nct00697047
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https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052676
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Kishore Khankari|Milton Eder|Chandra Y. Osborn|Gregory Makoul|Marla L. Clayman|Silvia Skripkauskas|Linda Diamond-Shapiro|Dan Makundan|Michael S. Wolf
|
Improving Colorectal Cancer Screening Among the Medically Underserved: A Pilot Study within a Federally Qualified Health Center
| 2,007 |
Access Community Health Network|Access Community Health Network|Northwestern University|Northwestern University|Northwestern University|Northwestern University|Access Community Health Network|Access Community Health Network|Northwestern University
|
colorectal cancer screening rates remain low especially among lowincome racialethnic minority groups pilottested physiciandirected strategy aimed improving rates recommendation patient colorectal cancer screening completion 1 federally qualified health center serving lowincome africanamerican hispanic patients colonoscopy specifically targeted single arm pretestposttest design urban 154 screeningeligible yet nonadherent primary care patients receiving care urban federally qualified health center 1 manually tracking screeningeligible patients 2 mailing patients physician letter brochure medical visits 3 health literacy training help physicians improve communication patients work resolution 4 establishing feedback loop routinely monitor patient compliance chart review whether patients received physician recommendation screening completion colorectal cancer screening test 12 months intervention physicians recorded patients qualitative reasons noncompliance preliminary costeffectiveness analysis screening promotion also conducted baseline screening rate 115 316 patients received recommendation physician 1year followup rates screening completion increased 279 percent p 001 physician recommendation increased 929 p 001 common reasons nonadherence included patient readiness 607 competing health problems 119 fear anxiety concerning procedure 83 total cost implementing intervention 4676 incremental costeffectiveness ratio intervention 106 per additional patient screened colonoscopy intervention appears feasible means improve colorectal cancer screening rates among patients served community health centers however attention patient decision making education may needed increase screening rates
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-12-53
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Pernille Gabel|Mette Bach Larsen|Adrian Edwards|Pia Kirkegaard|Berit Andersen
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Knowledge, attitudes, and worries among different health literacy groups before receiving first invitation to colorectal cancer screening: Cross-sectional study
| 2,019 |
Regional Hospital Randers|Aarhus University|Regional Hospital Randers|Regional Hospital Randers|Cardiff University|Regional Hospital Randers|Regional Hospital Randers|Aarhus University
|
colorectal cancer screening uptake associated knowledge attitudes worries screening people higher levels health literacy usually higher screeningrelated knowledge association attitudes worries sparsely described aim study describe knowledge attitudes worries colorectal cancer screening among unscreened citizens estimate association health literacy crosssectional study 10030 5374 yearold central denmark region citizens received questionnaire assessing knowledge attitudes worry health literacy socioeconomic demographic data linked statistics denmark data collection total 7142 712 questionnaires completed good general level knowledge observed 491 513 7 men women respectively citizens tended positive towards screening 214 213 428 range scale men women respectively showed low levels worries 88 909 315 range scale men women respectively knowledge decreased worries increased lower levels health literacy attitudes tended positive higher levels health literacy general citizens tend good knowledge positive attitudes worries colorectal cancer screening people lower health literacy could benefit targeted interventions address knowledge worries screening support informed decision making
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08954-5
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Jim P. Stimpson|José A. Pagán|Li Wu Chen
|
Reducing Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Colorectal Cancer Screening Is Likely To Require More Than Access To Care
| 2,012 |
University of Nebraska Medical Center|University of North Texas|University of North Texas Health Science Center|University of Nebraska Medical Center
|
colorectal endoscopy effective screening intervention colorectal cancer recommended people age fifty older earlier higher risk rates colorectal endoscopy still far recommended us preventive services task force study examined whether factors supply gastroenterologists proportion local population without health insurance coverage related likelihood procedure whether factors explained racial ethnic differences colorectal endoscopy found evidence improving access health care county individual levels expanded health insurance coverage could improve colorectal endoscopy use might sufficient reduce racial ethnic disparities colorectal cancer screening policy action address disparities need consider structural cultural factors may inhibiting colorectal cancer screening
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.02.013
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Peter Scarborough|Anne Matthews|Helen Eyles|Asha Kaur|Charo Hodgkins|Monique M. Raats|Mike Rayner
|
Reds are more important than greens: how UK supermarket shoppers use the different information on a traffic light nutrition label in a choice experiment
| 2,015 |
British Heart Foundation|University of Oxford|British Heart Foundation|University of Oxford|University of Auckland|British Heart Foundation|University of Oxford|University of Surrey|University of Surrey|British Heart Foundation|University of Oxford
|
colour coded frontofpack nutrition labelling traffic light labelling recommended use uk since 2006 voluntary scheme used major retailers manufacturers clear consumers use labels make single decision relative healthiness foods research questions four nutrients uk traffic light labels total fat saturated fat sugar salt influence decisions green lights red lights greater influence age gender differences people use colour nutrient information recruited participants uk supermarket chain membership list conduct online choice experiment may 2014 analysed data using multilevel logisitic models food choices n 3321 nested individuals n 187 unit analysis food reds 114 95 confidence intervals 103 125 times less likely chosen healthy whereas food greens 61 56 66 times likely chosen healthy foods better colours saturated fat salt 73 67 80 71 65 78 times likely chosen healthy significantly greater total fat odds ratio 48 44 53 sugar 52 47 56 results broadly similar different genders age groups found participants concerned avoiding reds choosing greens saturated fat salt greater influence decisions regarding healthiness total fat sugar could influence decisions food reformulation guidance using nutrition labelling
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https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916513488784
|
Bodong Chen
|
Exploring the Digital Divide: The Use of Digital Technologies in Ontario Public Schools
| 2,015 |
Twin Cities Orthopedics|University of Minnesota
|
combining data school principal survey student demographics achievement data present study aimed develop much needed understanding ict usage ontarios k12 public schools results indicated equitable firstorder access technology schools early integration ict earliest grades frequent application ict teaching enabling effect ict additional access learning resources distance learning however challenges also uncovered building technology infrastructure small fraction schools ensuring home access schools lower family incomes smaller size remote regions providing teachers professional development choosing online materials adopting emerging ictenabled teaching practice furthermore study highlighted importance parent involvement ict usage potential beneficial linkage ict usage student learning achievement
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2012.06.004
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Maëlenn Guerchet|Alain Maxime Mouanga|Pascal M’Belesso|André Tabo|Bébène Bandzouzi|Moussiliou Noël Paraïso|Dismand Houinato|Pascale Cowppli-Bony|Philippe Nubukpo|Victor Aboyans|Jean?Pierre Clément|Jean?François Dartigues|Pierre?Marie Preux
|
Factors Associated with Dementia Among Elderly People Living in Two Cities in Central Africa: The EDAC Multicenter Study
| 2,012 |
Institut d’Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale|University of Limoges|Inserm|French National Centre for Scientific Research|Institut d’Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale|University of Limoges|Inserm|French National Centre for Scientific Research|Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Brazzaville|Institut d’Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale|University of Limoges|Inserm|French National Centre for Scientific Research|University of Bangui|University of Bangui|Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Brazzaville|Institut d’Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale|University of Limoges|Inserm|French National Centre for Scientific Research|French National Centre for Scientific Research|Université d'Abomey-Calavi|Institut d’Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale|University of Limoges|Inserm|Inserm|Institut d’Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale|University of Limoges|Inserm|French National Centre for Scientific Research|Centre Hospitalier Esquirol de Limoges|Institut d’Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale|University of Limoges|French National Centre for Scientific Research|Hôpital Dupuytren|Inserm|Institut d’Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale|University of Limoges|Inserm|French National Centre for Scientific Research|Centre Hospitalier Esquirol de Limoges|Inserm|Institut d’Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale|University of Limoges|Inserm|French National Centre for Scientific Research
|
come teaching research institutions france abroad public private research centerslarchive ouverte pluridisciplinaire hal est destine au dpt et la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche publis ou non manant des tablissements denseignement et de recherche franais ou trangers des laboratoires publics ou privs
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https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/134.9.2342
|
Miriam Ethel Bentwich|Peter Gilbey
|
More than visual literacy: art and the enhancement of tolerance for ambiguity and empathy
| 2,017 |
Bar-Ilan University|Bar-Ilan University
|
comfort ambiguity mostly associated acceptance multiple meanings core characteristic successful clinicians yet past studies indicate medical students junior physicians feel uncomfortable ambiguity visual thinking strategies vts pedagogic approach involving discussions art works deciphering different possible meanings entailed however contribution art possible enhancement tolerance ambiguity among medical students yet adequately investigated aimed offer novel perspective effect art experienced vts medical students tolerance ambiguity possible relation empathy quantitative method utilizing short survey administered interactive vts session conducted within mandatory medical humanities course firstyear medical students intervention consisted 90min session form combined lecture interactive discussions art images vts session survey filled 67 students two consecutive rounds firstyear students 67 respondents thought intervention contributed acceptance multiple possible meanings 52 thought visual observation ability enhanced 34 thought ability feel sufferings enhanced statistically significant moderatetohigh correlations found contribution ambiguity tolerance contribution empathy 05280744 p 001 art may contribute especially development medical students tolerance ambiguity also related enhancement empathy potential contribution visual art works used vts enhancement tolerance ambiguity empathy explained based relevant literature regarding embeddedness ambiguity within art works coupled reference john deweys theory learning given situational nature tolerance ambiguity context vts provides path enhancing ambiguity tolerance less conditioned character traits moreover modest form vts utilized requesting significant alteration preclinical curricula suggests enhancing tolerance ambiguity empathy among medical students may particularly feasible
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129336
|
Jay Hosler|K. B. Boomer
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Are Comic Books an Effective Way to Engage Nonmajors in Learning and Appreciating Science?<sup>1</sup>
| 2,011 |
Juniata College|Bucknell University
|
comic books employ complex interplay text images gives potential effectively convey concepts motivate student engagement makes comics appealing option educators trying improve science literacy pressing societal issues involving science technology report results first systematic assessment science comic book affect student learning attitudes biology used pre postinstruction instruments measure students attitudes biology attitudes comics content knowledge evolution using science comic book optical allusions classes preinstruction instrument nonmajors reported lowest scores content test attitude surveys relative groups however postinstruction instrument nonmajors content scores attitudes showed statistically significant improvement using comic book particularly among lower content knowledge start semester improvement attitudes biology correlated attitudes comics suggesting comic may played role engaging shaping student attitudes positive way
|
https://doi.org/10.1093/jfr/fjx012
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Nam Wook Kim|Nathalie Henry Riche|Benjamin Bach|Guanpeng Xu|Matthew Brehmer|Ken Hinckley|Michel Pahud|Haijun Xia|Michael McGuffin|Hanspeter Pfister
|
DataToon
| 2,019 |
Microsoft (United States)|Harvard University|Microsoft (United States)|University of Edinburgh|Philips (United States)|Microsoft (United States)|Microsoft (United States)|Microsoft (United States)|University of Toronto|École de Technologie Supérieure|Harvard University Press
|
comics entertaining familiar medium presenting compelling stories data however existing visualization authoring tools leverage expressive medium paper seek incorporate elements comics construction datadriven stories dynamic networks contribute datatoon flexible data comic storyboarding tool blends analysis presentation pen touch interactions storyteller use datatoon rapidly generate visualization panels annotate position within canvas produce visually compelling narrative user study participants quickly learned use datatoon producing data comics
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-009-0298-8
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Ashish Kumar Singh|Saurav Das|Surinder Singh|Varsha Rani Gajamer|Nilu Pradhan|Yangchen D. Lepcha|Hare Krishna Tiwari
|
Prevalence of antibiotic resistance in commensal Escherichia coli among the children in rural hill communities of Northeast India
| 2,018 |
Sikkim University|Sikkim University|Panjab University|Sikkim University|Sikkim University|Government of Sikkim|Sikkim University
|
commensal bacteria representative reservoir antibiotic resistance genes present community usage antibiotics along demographic factors generally associated increase antibiotics resistance pathogens northeast ne india untapped regard antibiotic resistance prevalence spread current study prevalence antibioticresistant commensal escherichia coli preschool schoolgoing children n 550 114 years old rural areas state sikkiman ne indian state respect associated demographic factors investigated total 550 fecal e coli isolates collected july 2015 june 2017 structured questionnaire used collect data ascertain potential factors associated carriage antibiotic resistance e coli among children statistical analysis along logistic regression identified potential external factors affecting observed antibiotic resistance pattern data indicated high prevalence resistance common antibiotics like ampicillin 92 ceftazidime 90 cefoxitin 88 streptomycin 40 tetracycline 36 resistance chloramphenicol resistance combination penicillin quinolone group antibiotics observed fiftytwo percent isolates positive correlation harboring antibiotics resistant e coli different demographic factors observed children living nuclear family vs joint family 6315 018 95 ci011028 p 001 higher secondary maternal education vs college graduates 5927 075 95 ci055102 p 002 close association different demographic factors high prevalence antibioticresistant commensal e coli current study suggests concern rising misuse antibiotics warrants future threat emergence multidrugresistant pathogen isolates
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https://doi.org/10.37514/jbw-j.2008.27.1.03
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Devika Nair|Fredric O. Finkelstein
|
Pruritus as a Patient-Reported Primary Trial End Point in Hemodialysis: Evaluation and Implications
| 2,020 |
Vanderbilt University|Vanderbilt University Medical Center|Yale University
|
commentary fishbane jamal munera c wen w menzaghi f kalm1 trial investigators phase 3 trial difelikefalin hemodialysis patients pruritus n engl j med 20203823222232 commentary fishbane jamal munera c wen w menzaghi f kalm1 trial investigators phase 3 trial difelikefalin hemodialysis patients pruritus n engl j med 20203823222232 uremic pruritus widespread burdensome underreported inadequately treated individuals receiving maintenance hemodialysis hd prevalence estimates uremic pruritus population range 40 60 moderate severe pruritus associated clinical depression low sleep quality poor perceptions healthrelated quality life qol increased risk cardiovascular mortality1pisoni rl wikstrom b elder sj et alpruritus hemodialysis patients international results dialysis outcomes practice patterns study doppsnephrol dial transplant 2006 21 34953505crossref pubmed scopus 305 google scholar 2rayner hc larkina wang et alinternational comparisons prevalence awareness treatment pruritus people hemodialysisclin j soc nephrol 2017 12 20002007crossref pubmed scopus 54 google scholar 3mathur vs lindberg j germain et ala longitudinal study uremic pruritus hemodialysis patientsclin j soc nephrol 2010 5 14101419crossref pubmed scopus 128 google scholar 4weng ch hu cc yen th hsu cw huang wh uremic pruritus associated twoyear cardiovascular mortality longterm hemodialysis patientskidney blood press res 2018 43 10001009crossref pubmed scopus 9 google scholar mechanisms uremic pruritus remain poorly understood limiting ability develop safe effective therapies management strategies included ultraviolet b therapy antihistamines selectiveserotonin reuptake inhibitors increased solute removal better dialysis efficacy recently aminobutyric acid gaba analogues reported helpful5eusebioalpapara kmv castillo rl dofitas bl gabapentin uremic pruritus systematic review randomized controlled trialsint j dermatol 2020 59 412422crossref pubmed scopus 10 google scholar 6reszke r szepietowski jc endstage renal disease chronic itch managementdermatol clin 2018 36 277292abstract full text full text pdf pubmed scopus 16 google scholar 7gilchrest ba rowe jw brown rs steinman ti arndt ka ultraviolet phototherapy uremic pruritus longterm results possible mechanism actionann intern med 1979 91 1721crossref pubmed scopus 138 google scholar 8pakfetrat malekmakan l hashemi n tadayon sertraline reduce uremic pruritus hemodialysis patient double blind randomized clinical trial southern iranhemodial int 2018 22 103109crossref pubmed scopus 12 google scholar 9kouwenhoven ta van de kerkhof pcm kamsteeg use oral antidepressants patients chronic pruritus systematic reviewj acad dermatol 2017 77 10681073abstract full text full text pdf pubmed scopus 23 google scholar 10gobooliveira pigari vg ogata ms miot ha ponce abbade lp gabapentin versus dexchlorpheniramine treatment uremic pruritus randomized controlled trialeur j dermatol 2018 28 488495crossref pubmed scopus 9 google scholar 11hiroshige k kabashima n takasugi kuroiwa optimal dialysis improves uremic pruritusam j kidney dis 1995 25 413419abstract full text pdf pubmed scopus 98 google scholar limitations therapies generally agreed pruritus remains major problem individuals maintained hd evidence pointed potential role opioid pathway treatment uremic pruritus triggering interest pathway potential therapeutic target12andersen lw friedberg lokkegaard n naloxone treatment uremic pruritus case historyclin nephrol 1984 21 355356pubmed google scholar 13peer g kivity agami et alrandomized crossover trial naltrexone uremic prurituslancet 1996 348 15521554abstract full text full text pdf pubmed scopus 226 google scholar 14kumagai h ebata takamori k et alefficacy safety novel kappaagonist managing intractable pruritus hemodialysis patientsam j nephrol 2012 36 175183crossref pubmed scopus 85 google scholar fishbane et al recently published results phase 3 randomized doubleblind placebocontrolled trial across 56 sites aimed test efficacy difelikefalin peripherally restricted selective agonist opioid receptor reduction uremic pruritus 378 individuals receiving incenter hd15fishbane jamal munera c wen w menzaghi f kalm1 trial investigators phase 3 trial difelikefalin hemodialysis patients pruritusn engl j med 2020 382 222232crossref pubmed scopus 38 google scholar participants moderate severe pruritus randomly assigned receive either 05 gkg difelikefalin placebo dialysis session 12 weeks pruritus measured using 24hour worst itching intensity numerical rating scale winrs asks individuals choose ordinal scale 0 10 number accurately corresponds degree pruritus last day16naegeli flood e tucker j devlen j edsonheredia e worst itch numeric rating scale patients moderate severe plaque psoriasis psoriatic arthritisint j dermatol 2015 54 715722crossref pubmed scopus 32 google scholar primary outcome pruritus score end intervention least 3 points lower baseline secondary outcome investigators measured changes healthrelated qol assessed using 5d itch scale 5item measure asks patients report ordinal scale duration severity distribution associated disability pruritus skindex10 61item scale asks patients report degree social isolation embarrassment fear anger result pruritus17elman hynan ls gabriel v mayo mj 5d itch scale new measure pruritusbr j dermatol 2010 162 587593crossref pubmed scopus 229 google scholar18chren mm lasek rj quinn lm mostow en zyzanski sj skindex qualityoflife measure patients skin disease reliability validity responsivenessj invest dermatol 1996 107 707713abstract full text pdf pubmed scopus 511 google scholar additional secondary outcomes investigators determined percentage patients reported decrease pruritus 4 points weekly mean winrs score measures safety 158 patients randomly assigned difelikefalin treatment 82 519 achieved primary outcome improvements pruritus reported early 1 week randomization results suggested effects may persist beyond 12week followup encouragingly participants received difelikefalin exhibited significant signs symptoms suggestive opioid withdrawal 2week observation period study discontinuation study fishbane et al number strengths selecting patientreported pruritus primary outcome investigation aligns increasingly prioritized need increase use patientreported outcomes pros primary clinical trial end points nephrology19nair wilson fp patientreported outcome measures adults kidney disease current measures ongoing initiatives future opportunities incorporation patientcentered kidney caream j kidney dis 2019 74 791802abstract full text full text pdf pubmed scopus 12 google scholar patients randomly assigned difelikefalin treatment also reported statistically significant improvements validated measures pruritusrelated qol trial took additional admirable steps toward alleviating significant symptom burden faced patients receiving maintenance hd improvements pruritus observed difelikefalin treatment even adjustments made concurrent use antipruritic medications sensitivity analyses treated individuals discontinued therapy nonresponders described articles supplementary information investigators used strict inclusion exclusion criteria including participants completed 7day runin test intervention fidelity excluding reported pruritus limited hands 503 participants screened 37 declined participate 189 randomly assigned difelikefalin treatment 8 withdrew consent study close signs symptoms opioid withdrawal rigorously monitored using pro short opioid withdrawal scale obsro observerreported outcome objective opioid withdrawal scale20handelsman l cochrake kj aronson mj ness r rubinstein kj kanof pd two new rating scales opiate withdrawalam j drug alcohol abuse 1987 13 293308crossref pubmed scopus 384 google scholar although analysis fishbane et al may provide hope patients experiencing persistent uremic pruritus certain aspects warrant discussion 165 patients randomly assigned placebo 51 309 also achieved statistically significant reduction pruritus participants study arms moderate severe pruritus intervention raising question contribution regression mean findings additionally exact methods change baseline winrs score 3 deemed significant remain unclear mean change 5d itch score approximately 51 intervention group 37 placebo group corresponding mean changes skindex10 score approximately 16 12 respectively patients may differing opinions constitutes clinicallymeaningful improvement symptom burden challenge interpreting many studies using measure healthrelated qol outcome serious adverse events including hyperkalemia pneumonia sepsis hypotension chronic obstructive pulmonary disease occurred 259 difelikefalin group 218 receiving placebo 2 deaths difelikefalin group 2 deaths placebo group due sepsis septic shock respectively participants randomly assigned difelikefalin treatment also experienced frequent gastrointestinal side effects diarrhea nausea reported 95 53 intervention group versus 37 32 placebo group respectively dizziness reported 69 intervention group versus 11 placebo group high response rate found placebo group need monitor additional adverse events stresses importance ongoing 52week openlabel phase study currently way21clinicaltrialsgovnational institutes healthhttpsclinicaltrialsgovct2shownct03422653date accessed january 10 2020google scholar also important consider treating patient maintained hd difelikefalin may improve symptoms pruritus patients overall qol may still compromised would investigators found broader measures healthrelated qol used outcomes lack consensus regarding measure uremic pruritus difficult compare efficacy difelikefalin therapies literature due variation instruments followup times used22razeghi e eskandari ganji mr meysamie ap togha khashayar p gabapentin uremic pruritus hemodialysis patientsren fail 2009 31 8590crossref pubmed scopus 72 google scholar opposed numerical scales used fishbane et al many studies evaluating efficacy intervention uremic pruritus use visual analogue scale10gobooliveira pigari vg ogata ms miot ha ponce abbade lp gabapentin versus dexchlorpheniramine treatment uremic pruritus randomized controlled trialeur j dermatol 2018 28 488495crossref pubmed scopus 9 google scholar scales participants asked specify severity pruritus choosing position continuous line 2 end points visual analogue scale easier interpret individuals cognitive deficits may important consider given accelerated cognitive decline faced individuals receiving hd23arons amm krabbe pfm van der wilt gj olde rikkert mgm adang emm visual analogue scales scale calibration patients dementia proxiesqual life res 2013 22 979986crossref pubmed scopus 5 google scholar24drew da weiner de tighiouart h et alcognitive decline risk factors prevalent hemodialysis patientsam j kidney dis 2017 69 780787abstract full text full text pdf pubmed scopus 41 google scholar though winrs asks patients recall symptoms pruritus 24hour period thus may adequately capture perceptions pruritus peak severity night scale originally developed psoriasis may capture certain burdensome aspects pruritus specific kidney disease exacerbation heat coexistence overlap chronic pain25combs sa teixeira jp germain mj pruritus kidney diseasesemin nephrol 2015 35 383391abstract full text full text pdf pubmed scopus 62 google scholar 26sukul n speyer e tu e pruritus patientreported outcomes nondialysis ckdclin j soc nephrol 2019 14 673681crossref pubmed scopus 36 google scholar 27manenti l tansinda p vaglio uraemic pruritus clinical characteristics pathophysiology treatmentdrugs 2009 69 251263crossref pubmed scopus 62 google scholar study important expands nephrologists ability offer treatment options pruritus thus help reduce symptoms burden hd patients potential benefits difelikefalin treatment need considered nociceptive neuropathic pain frequently reported patients kidney disease occur sequelae underlying conditions peripheral vascular disease calcific uremic arteriolopathy diabetic neuropathy phantom limb pain28davison sn pain hemodialysis patients prevalence cause severity managementam j kidney dis 2003 42 12391247abstract full text full text pdf pubmed scopus 269 google scholar optimal use centrally acting opioid analgesics treat pain group limited pharmacokinetics agents potential abuse sedation respiratory depression associations mortality29davison sn clinical pharmacology considerations pain management patients advanced kidney failureclin j soc nephrol 2019 14 917931crossref pubmed scopus 37 google scholar 30ishida jh mcculloch ce steinman grimes ba johansen kl opioid analgesics adverse outcomes among hemodialysis patientsclin j soc nephrol 2018 13 746753crossref pubmed scopus 35 google scholar 31novick tk surapaneni shin ji et alassociations opioid prescriptions death hospitalization across spectrum estimated gfrclin j soc nephrol 2019 14 15811589crossref pubmed scopus 12 google scholar due difelikefalins peripheral selectivity lacks central side effects opioid receptor agonists peripherally acting opioid receptor agonists emerging attractive option treat pain due decreased potential abuse central side effects also result effects inflammatory pain animal models difelikefalin found reduce cytokine release sepsis decrease scratching behavior induced pruritogens improve visceral inflammatory neuropathic pain multicenter doublerandomized doubleblind placebocontrolled trial intravenous difelikefalin reported analgesic efficacy safety used elective laparoscopic hysterectomy exploratory trial using oral formulation difelikefalin effectively treated osteoarthritic pain resulting minimal use rescue pain medication adverse side effects32albertvartanian boyd mr hall al et alwill peripherally restricted kappaopioid receptor agonists pkoras relieve pain less opioid adverse effects abuse potentialj clin pharm ther 2016 41 371382crossref pubmed scopus 39 google scholar 33gardell lr spencer rh chalmers dt menzaghi f preclinical profile cr845 novel longacting peripheral kappa opioid receptor agonist cara therapeuticshttpircaratherapeuticscomstaticfiles396df363803147f6b903eca1df1df26fdate accessed january 10 2020google scholar 34clinicaltrialsgovnational institutes healthhttpsclinicaltrialsgovct2shownct02944448date accessed january 10 2020google scholar 35cara therapeutics announces positive topline results phase 2a trial oral cr845 chronic pain patients osteoarthritis knee hiphttpircaratherapeuticscomnewsreleasesnewsreleasedetailscaratherapeuticsannouncespositivetoplineresultsphase2areleaseid946233date accessed january 10 2020google scholar however difelikefalin peripherally acting opioid agents considered use treat pain patients kidney disease evidence needed regarding drugs pharmacokinetics tolerability patient population efficacy difelikefalin individuals receiving peritoneal dialysis chronic kidney disease requiring kidney replacement therapy remains unknown intravenous use presents obvious challenges patient perceptions pruritus change timing dialysis session difelikefalin dialyzable factors must continue taken consideration future studies36mistik utas ferahbas epidemiology study patients uremic pruritusj eur acad dermatol venereol 2006 20 672678crossref pubmed scopus 71 google scholar 37simonsen e komenda p lerner b et altreatment uremic pruritus systematic reviewam j kidney dis 2017 70 638655abstract full text full text pdf pubmed scopus 72 google scholar 38jaiswal uzans hayden j kiberd ba tennankore kk targeting opioid pathway uremic pruritus systematic review metaanalysiscan j kidney health dis 2016 32054358116675345crossref scopus 16 google scholar importantly patientlevel benefits targeting uremic pruritus alone opposed constellation pros include symptoms must carefully evaluated resuts ongoing study aimed evaluate metabolite profiling pharmacokinetics intravenous defelikefalin hd well multicenter randomized doubleblind placebocontrolled trial evaluating safety efficacy oral difelikefalin pruritus intensity patients chronic kidney disease eagerly awaited39clinicaltrialsgovnational institutes healthhttpsclinicaltrialsgovct2shownct03947970date accessed january 10 2020google scholar 40clinicaltrialsgovnational institutes healthhttpsclinicaltrialsgovct2shownct03617536date accessed january 10 2020google scholar work fishbane et al implications nephrologists move beyond introducing novel therapies symptom burden nephrology process rethinking design clinical trials protocol offers valuable insight care rigor required incorporate pro primary trial end point guidelines aim standardize procedures developed standard protocol items recommendations interventional trialspro spiritpro extension recommendations inform standardized incorporation pros nephrology research table 141calvert kyte merciecabebber r guidelines inclusion patientreported outcomes clinical trial protocols spiritpro extensionjama 2018 319 482494crossref scopus 225 google scholar 42fydrich dowdall chambless dl reliability validity beck anxiety inventoryj anxiety disord 1992 6 5561crossref scopus 434 google scholar 43nasreddine zs phillips na bedirian v et althe montreal cognitive assessment moca brief screening tool mild cognitive impairmentj geriatr soc 2005 53 695699crossref pubmed scopus 9441 google scholar 44sandjecklin k coyle efficiently assessing patient health literacy bhls instrumentclin nurs res 2014 23 581500crossref pubmed scopus 20 google scholar pros continue rigorously incorporated clinical trials researchers able generate additional evidence support protargeted interventions nephrology community truly move needle alleviating symptom burden faced individuals living advanced kidney diseasetable 1best practices incorporating patientreported outcome clinical trial protocolrecommendation spiritpro41calvert kyte merciecabebber r guidelines inclusion patientreported outcomes clinical trial protocols spiritpro extensionjama 2018 319 482494crossref scopus 225 google scholarexample hypothetic nephrology trialassignment specific individuals investigative team write prorelated content protocolcollaboration psychometrician nephrologist experience using pros research studiesjustification need use procurrently biomarkers exist reliably measure patients experiences anxietyinclusion details regarding psychmometric properties promthe beck anxiety inventory bai internally consistent cronbachs alpha 094 reliable period 11 days r 06742fydrich dowdall chambless dl reliability validity beck anxiety inventoryj anxiety disord 1992 6 5561crossref scopus 434 google scholarp 57state promspecific analysis metric hypothesis used evaluate intervention successwe hypothesize intervention result 4point decrease bai 12 weeks among patients receiving incenter hemodialysisif prom previously adapted special populations specify measurespecific exclusion criteriaparticipants nonenglishspeaking moderate cognitive dysfunction measured montreal cognitive assessment low subjective health literacy measured brief health literacy screen excluded43nasreddine zs phillips na bedirian v et althe montreal cognitive assessment moca brief screening tool mild cognitive impairmentj geriatr soc 2005 53 695699crossref pubmed scopus 9441 google scholarp 69644sandjecklin k coyle efficiently assessing patient health literacy bhls instrumentclin nurs res 2014 23 581500crossref pubmed scopus 20 google scholarspecify time window prom collection rationale approachparticipants anxiety scores collected prior dialysis session evidence shows anxiety amplified prior impending health threat change routinespecify method mode prom collectionparticipants anxiety scores collected via portable electronic devices prior start hemodialysis session trained research assistantsspecify justify ifwhy pro reported patient proxyas intervention aims measure patient experiences anxiety relation patients hemodialysis session pro collected directly patientdescribe prom data inform patients care plancases participants score within range moderatetosevere anxiety discussed monthly multidisciplinary meeting consisting participants nephrologist social worker potential addition participants caregiver applicableabbreviations pro patientreported outcome prom patientreported outcome measure spiritpro standard protocol items recommendations interventional trialspatientreported outcome open table new tab abbreviations pro patientreported outcome prom patientreported outcome measure spiritpro standard protocol items recommendations interventional trialspatientreported outcome devika nair md msci fredric finkelstein md none authors declare relevant financial interests received december 26 2019 response invitation journal direct editorial input associate editor deputy editor accepted revised form january 22 2020
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2022.101840
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Stacey Sheridan|Michael Pignone|Carmen L. Lewis
|
A randomized comparison of patients’ understanding of number needed to treat and other common risk reduction formats
| 2,003 |
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
|
commentators suggested patients may understand quantitative information treatment benefits better presented numbers needed treat nnt rather absolute relative risk reductionsto determine whether nnt helps patients interpret treatment benefits better absolute risk reduction arr relative risk reduction rrr combination three risk reduction presentations comborandomized crosssectional surveyuniversity internal medicine clinicthree hundred fiftyseven men women ages 50 80 presented health caresubjects given written information baseline risk hypothetical disease asked 1 compare benefits two drug treatments disease stating provided benefit 2 calculate effect one drug treatments given baseline risk disease risk information presented subject one four randomly allocated risk formats nnt arr rrr combowhen asked state two treatments provided benefit subjects received rrr format responded correctly often 60 correct vs 43 combo 42 arr 30 nnt p 001 subjects unable calculate effect drug treatment given baseline risk disease although subjects receiving rrr arr formats responded correctly often 21 17 compared 7 combo 6 nnt p 004patients best able interpret benefits treatment presented rrr format given baseline risk disease arr also easily interpreted nnt often misinterpreted patients used alone communicate risk patients
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.08.049
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Eric P F Chow|Ka L Corinne Iu|Xin Fu|David Wilson|Lei Zhang
|
HIV and Sexually Transmissible Infections among Money Boys in China: A Data Synthesis and Meta-Analysis
| 2,012 |
UNSW Sydney|UNSW Sydney|Renmin University of China|UNSW Sydney|UNSW Sydney
|
commercial sex workers within population men sex men msm china known money boys mbs perceived higher risk hiv sexuallytransmissible infections stiswe conducted systematic review metaanalyses peerreviewed literature accessed two english pubmed embase three chinese databases cnki cqvip wanfang data data synthesis exercise carried determine extent patterns behaviours hivsti epidemics pooled estimates 95 confidence intervals study variable calculatedthirtytwo eligible articles 9 english 23 chinese identified analysis indicated chinese mbs generally young currently employed low literacy levels highly mobile prevalence hiv syphilis coinfection among mbs estimated 60 4285 124 99153 22 1141 period 20042011 level condom use among mbs generally higher broader msm population 692 last act 485 consistently past 6 months onethird chinese mbs identified bisexual 87 56135 currently married female 409 345477 mbs participated group sex past 12 months 148 106203 concurrently use illicit drugshivsti epidemics affected chinese mbs evidence suggests extent infections greater among msm china
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2009.07.016
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Vanessa L. Jacoby|Victor Y. Fujimoto|Linda C. Giudice|Miriam Kuppermann|A. Eugene Washington
|
Racial and ethnic disparities in benign gynecologic conditions and associated surgeries
| 2,010 |
University of California, San Francisco|University of California, San Francisco|University of California, San Francisco|University of California, San Francisco|University of California, Los Angeles|University of California, San Francisco
|
common gynecologic conditions surgeries may vary significantly race ethnicity uterine fibroid tumors prevalent black women black women may larger numerous fibroid tumors cause worse symptoms greater myomectomy complications studies found higher prevalence endometriosis among asian women race ethnicity also associated hysterectomy rate route complications overall current literature significant deficits identification racial ethnic disparities incidence fibroid tumors endometriosis hysterectomy research needed better define racial ethnic differences conditions examine complex mechanisms may result associated health disparities
|
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103537
|
Walter F. Stewart
|
Lost Productive Time and Cost Due to Common Pain Conditions in the US Workforce
| 2,003 |
Geisinger Health System|Alexander & Margaret Stewart Trust|Westat (United States)|Albert Einstein College of Medicine
|
common pain conditions appear adverse effect work comprehensive estimates exist amount productive time lost us workforce due painto measure lost productive time absence reduced performance due common pain conditions 2week periodcrosssectional study using survey data american productivity audit telephone survey uses work health interview working adults august 1 2001 july 30 2002random sample 28 902 working adults united stateslost productive time due common pain conditions arthritis back headache musculoskeletal expressed hours per worker per week calculated us dollarsthirteen percent total workforce experienced loss productive time 2week period due common pain condition headache common 54 pain condition resulting lost productive time followed back pain 32 arthritis pain 20 musculoskeletal pain 20 workers experienced lost productive time pain condition lost mean se 46 009 hwk workers headache mean se loss productive time 35 01 hwk workers reported arthritis back pain mean se lost productive times 52 025 hwk common pain conditions resulted mean se loss productive time 55 022 hwk lost productive time common pain conditions among active workers costs estimated 612 billion dollars per year majority 766 lost productive time explained reduced performance work work absencepain inordinately common disabling condition us workforce painrelated lost productive time occurs employees work form reduced performance
|
https://doi.org/10.1348/000712605x53533
|
Paul Han|Brian J. Zikmund?Fisher|Christine W. Duarte|Megan Knaus|Adam Black|Aaron M. Scherer|Angela Fagerlin
|
Communication of Scientific Uncertainty about a Novel Pandemic Health Threat: Ambiguity Aversion and Its Mechanisms
| 2,018 |
Maine Medical Center|Maine Medical Center Research Institute|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|Maine Medical Center|Maine Medical Center Research Institute|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|Maine Medical Center|Maine Medical Center Research Institute|University of Iowa|VA Salt Lake City Healthcare System|University of Utah
|
communicating scientific uncertainty public health threats ethically desirable challenging due tendency promote avoidance choice options unknown probabilitiesa phenomenon known ambiguity aversion study examined phenomenons potential magnitude responses different communication strategies mechanisms factorial experiment 2701 adult laypersons spain read one three versions hypothetical newspaper article describing pandemic vaccinepreventable disease vpd varying scientific uncertainty vpd risk vaccine effectiveness nouncertainty uncertainty normalizeduncertainty emphasizing expected nature vaccination intentions lower uncertainty normalizeduncertainty groups compared nouncertainty group consistent ambiguity aversion uncertainty normalizeduncertainty groups differ ambiguityaverse responses moderated health literacy mediated perceptions vaccine effectiveness vpd likelihood vpd severity communicating scientific uncertainty public health threats warrants caution research elucidate outcomes mechanisms management
|
https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2011.616655
|
Michael McKee|Michael K. Paasche?Orlow|Paul Winters|Kevin Fiscella|Philip Zazove|Ananda Sen|Thomas A. Pearson
|
Assessing Health Literacy in Deaf American Sign Language Users
| 2,015 |
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|Boston University|University of Rochester|University of Rochester|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of Florida Health
|
communication language barriers isolate deaf american sign language asl users mass media health care messages health care communication coupled social marginalization places high risk inadequate health literacy objectives translate adapt develop accessible health literacy instrument asl assess prevalence correlates inadequate health literacy among deaf asl users hearing english speakers using crosssectional design total 405 participants 166 deaf 239 hearing enrolled study newest vital sign adapted translated developed asl version aslnvs found 48 deaf participants inadequate health literacy deaf individuals 69 times likely hearing participants inadequate health literacy new aslnvs available selfadministered computer platform demonstrated good correlation reading literacy prevalence deaf asl users inadequate health literacy substantial warranting interventions research
|
https://doi.org/10.1145/2576872
|
Aanand D. Naik|Michael A. Kallen|Annette Walder|Richard L. Street
|
Improving Hypertension Control in Diabetes Mellitus
| 2,008 |
Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center|Baylor College of Medicine|The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center|Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center|Baylor College of Medicine|The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center|Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center|Baylor College of Medicine|The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center|Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center|Baylor College of Medicine|The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
|
communication patients clinicians using collaborative goals treatment plans may overcome barriers achieving hypertension control routine diabetes mellitus care assessed interrelation patientclinician communication factors determine independent associations hypertension control diabetes carewe identified 566 older adults diabetes mellitus hypertension debakey va medical center houston tex clinical pharmacy data collected patient questionnaire sent participants total 212 individuals returned surveys logistic regression analyses performed assess effect patient characteristics selfmanagement behaviors communication factors hypertension control three communication factors significant associations hypertension control two factors patients endorsement shared decisionmaking style odds ratio 161 95 confidence interval 101 257 proactive communication ones clinician abnormal results blood pressure selfmonitoring odds ratio 189 95 confidence interval 110 326 direct independent associations multivariate regression path analysis used investigate direct indirect effects communication factors hypertension control decisionmaking style beta020 p001 proactive communication beta050 p00001 demonstrated direct effects hypertension control third factor clinicians use collaborative communication setting treatment goals total effect hypertension control 016 p005 direct effects decisionmaking style beta028 p0001 proactive communication beta022 p001three communication factors found significant associations hypertension control patientclinician communication facilitates collaborative blood pressure goals patients input related progress treatment may improve rates hypertension control diabetes care independent medication adherence
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.03.003
|
Rose Watson|Lindsay Pennington
|
Assessment and management of the communication difficulties of children with cerebral palsy: a UK survey of SLT practice
| 2,015 |
Newcastle University|Newcastle University
|
communication difficulties common cerebral palsy cp frequently associated motor intellectual sensory impairments speech language therapy research comprises singlecase experimental design small group studies limiting evidencebased intervention possibly exacerbating variation practiceto describe assessment intervention practices speechlanguage therapist slts uk management communication difficulties associated cp childhoodan online survey assessments interventions employed uk slts working children young people cp conducted survey publicized via nhs trusts royal college speech language therapists rcslt private practice associations using variety social media survey open 5 december 2011 30 january 2012two hundred sixtyfive uk slts worked children young people cp england n 199 wales n 13 scotland n 36 northern ireland n 17 completed survey slts reported using wide variety published standardized tests commonly reported assessing oromotor function speech receptive expressive language communication skills observation using assessment schedules developed highly prioritized areas intervention dysphagia alternative augmentative aacinteraction receptive language slts reported using wide variety techniques address difficulties speech language communication interventions used supporting evidence many slts felt unable estimate hours therapy per year children young people cp communication disorders received servicethe assessment management communication difficulties associated cp childhood varies widely uk lack standard assessment practices prevents comparisons across time services adoption standard set agreed clinical measures would enable benchmarking service provision permit development largescale research studies using routine clinical data facilitate identification potential participants research studies uk interventions provided lack evidence recent systematic reviews could guide intervention robust evidence needed areas addressed clinical practice
|
https://doi.org/10.15388/informatica.2017.119
|
Rachel McCloud|Cassandra A. Okechukwu|Glorian Sorensen|Kasisomayajula Viswanath
|
Beyond access: barriers to internet health information seeking among the urban poor
| 2,016 |
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute|Harvard University|Dana-Farber Cancer Institute|Dana-Farber Cancer Institute|Harvard University
|
communication inequalities deepen health disparities even internet access achieved goal study understand range barriers may inhibit individuals low socioeconomic position sep engaging online health information even freely availabledetailed data collected 118 lowsep individuals randomized controlled trial providing internet access measures triangulated healthseeking experience internet use tracked realtime call log data selfreported barriers negative binomial regression models fitted technology perceived predictors outcome health information seeking stratified medical statusparticipants experienced median two computer issues median 6 days two internet issues median 65 days duration internet problems associated decrease rate internet health information seeking factor 0990 p 03 additional day participants medical problem frustrated search health information half rate health information seeking frustrated incidence rate ratio 0395 p 030despite support participants still experienced internet connectivity issues negatively impacted health information seeking frustration search find information may serve additional barrier medical issuesafter initial internet access secondlevel digital divide emerged due connectivity issues highlighting need understand complex network barriers experienced lowsep internet users
|
https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11030127
|
Jill Allenbaugh|Carla Spagnoletti|Laurie Rack|Doris McGartland Rubio|Jennifer Corbelli
|
Health Literacy and Clear Bedside Communication: A Curricular Intervention for Internal Medicine Physicians and Medicine Nurses
| 2,019 |
Temple University|University of Pittsburgh|UPMC Presbyterian|Shadyside Hospital|University of Pittsburgh Medical Center|Shadyside Hospital|University of Pittsburgh|Temple University|UPMC Presbyterian|University of Pittsburgh Medical Center|UPMC Presbyterian|Shadyside Hospital|University of Pittsburgh Medical Center|Temple University|University of Pittsburgh|University of Pittsburgh|Temple University|UPMC Presbyterian|Shadyside Hospital|University of Pittsburgh Medical Center|University of Pittsburgh|Temple University|UPMC Presbyterian|Shadyside Hospital|University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
|
communication remains backbone patientprovider relationships many health outcomes directly attributed effective ineffective communication developed educational intervention improve bedside communication increase use health literacy principles part response suboptimal inpatient satisfaction scoresour intervention consisted beside communication curriculum among 37 attending medicine physicians 76 internal medicine residents 85 bedside nurses 1 15hour curriculum included didactic session teach health literacy principles video demonstrations group discussion roleplay attending physicians health literacy knowledge attitudes confidence evaluated using pre postsurveys evaluation curriculum included likerttype questions freetext responsesattending physicians knowledge confidence improved 74 correct pre 100 correct post p 001 441 pre 468 post p 002 respectively certain attitude domains also improved including importance team introductions nurse contributions bedside rounds p 001 residents nurses found curriculum valuable planned incorporate bedside roundinga brief lowcost curricular intervention focusing clear communication skills health literacy principles resulted significant improvements knowledge attitudes attending physicians readily incorporated resident physicians nurses curriculum easily implemented variety settings improve bedside patientphysician communication
|
https://doi.org/10.1145/22899.22901
|
Roohangiz Norouzinia|Maryam Aghabarari|Maryam Shiri|Mehrdad Karimi|Elham Samami
|
Communication Barriers Perceived by Nurses and Patients
| 2,015 |
Jahrom University of Medical Sciences|Tehran University of Medical Sciences|Iranshahr University|Jahrom University of Medical Sciences|Jahrom University of Medical Sciences|Iranshahr University|Tehran University of Medical Sciences|Jahrom University of Medical Sciences|Iranshahr University
|
communication key element providing highquality health care services leads patient satisfaction health present cross sectional descriptive analytic study conducted 70 nurses 50 patients two hospitals affiliated alborz university medical sciences 2012 two separate questionnaires used nurses patients reliability validity questionnaires assessed groups nurses patients nurserelated factors mean scores 245 215 respectively common factors nurses patients mean scores 185 196 respectively considered least significant factors respectively also significant difference observed mean scores nurses patients regarding patientrelated p0001 nurserelated p0012 environmental factors p0019 despite attention nurses patients communication barriers removed raising awareness nurses patients along creating desirable environment recommend nurses effectively trained communication skills encouraged constant monitoring obtained skills
|
https://doi.org/10.1145/2538862.2538938
|
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