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Penny A. Cook|Suzy C. Hargreaves|Elizabeth J. Burns|Frank de Vocht|Steve Parrott|Margaret Coffey|Suzanne Audrey|Cathy Ure|Paul Duffy|David Ottiwell|Kiran Kenth|Susan Hare|Kate Ardern
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Communities in charge of alcohol (CICA): a protocol for a stepped-wedge randomised control trial of an alcohol health champions programme
| 2,018 |
University of Salford|University of Salford|University of Salford|University of Bristol|University of York|University of Salford|University of Bristol|University of Salford|Health Education North West|Public Health England|Greater Manchester Combined Authority|Royal Society for Public Health|University of Salford|Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust
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communities charge alcohol cica takes asset based community development abcd approach reducing alcohol harm cascade training model supported designated local coordinator local volunteers trained become accredited alcohol health champions provide brief opportunistic advice individual level mobilise action alcohol availability community level cica programme first time devolved uk region attempted coordinate approach building health champion capacity presenting opportunity investigate implementation impact scale paper describes protocol stepped wedge randomised controlled trial alcohol health champions programme greater manchester aims strengthen evidence base abcd approaches health improvement reducing alcoholrelated harm natural experiment examine effect cica area level alcoholrelated hospital admissions accident emergency attendances ambulance call outs streetlevel crime antisocial behaviour data using stepped wedged randomised design whereby intervention rolled sequentially randomly assigned order potential changes health criminal justice primary outcomes analysed using mixedeffects lograte models differencesindifferences models bayesian structured time series models economic evaluation identifies setup running costs cica using hm treasury approved standardised methods resolves costconsequences sector process evaluation explores context implementation response intervention qualitative analyses utilise framework method identify underlying themes investigate whether training lay people offer brief advice take action licensing decisions impact alcoholrelated harm local areas costconsequences health criminal justice sectors mechanisms influence intervention outcomes well providing evidence effectiveness intervention reduce harm alcohol evaluation contribute broader understanding asset based approaches improve public health isrctn 81942890 date registration 12092017
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https://doi.org/10.1145/1139922.1139955
|
Erica Weintraub Austin|Porismita Borah|Shawn Domgaard
|
COVID-19 disinformation and political engagement among communities of color: The role of media literacy
| 2,021 |
Washington State University|Washington State University|Washington State University|John F. Kennedy University|Harvard University
|
communities color suffering equity gaps disproportionate covid19 effects also must resist ongoing disinformation campaigns designed impede political influence representative national survey n1264 adults conducted junejuly 2020 found nonwhite respondents tended report less covid19 knowledge media literacy voting intent white respondents acceptance covid19 disinformation risks associated protesting social justice general media literacy skills associated covid19 knowledge political engagement science media literacy associated less acceptance covid19 disinformation media literacy skills appear important empowering informing communities color
|
https://doi.org/10.1080/00140130903067789
|
Eric S. Donkor|Mayowa Owolabi|Patrick Owiredu Bampoh|Thor Aspelund|Vilmundur Gudnason
|
Community awareness of stroke in Accra, Ghana
| 2,014 |
University of Ghana|University College Hospital, Ibadan|University of Ibadan|Tamale Teaching Hospital|Icelandic Heart Association|Icelandic Heart Association
|
community awareness stroke especially risk factors warning signs important control disease subsaharan africa little known community awareness stroke though brunt stroke currently borne region aim study evaluate stroke awareness accra capital city ghana particularly risk factors warning signs crosssectional study involving systematic sampling 63 households 11 sub metropolitan areas accra structured questionnaire used collect stroke awareness data respondents randomly sampled selected households logistic regression analyses done identify predictors main outcome variables including recognition stroke risk factors stroke warning signs organ affected stroke 40 n 277 693 respondents correctly identified brain organ affected stroke similarly less half respondents could recognize established stroke risk factors well established stroke warning signs 70 n 485 respondents either believed stroke preventable disease lifestyle alterations made reduce risk stroke stroke requires emergency treatment multivariate analysis predictors stroke awareness age 50 years 056 ci 035092 p 0021 presence stroke risk factor 237 ci 152371 p 0001 christian religion 1486 ci 13716101 p 003 though stroke perceived serious preventable disease accra community awareness risk factors warning signs suboptimal indicates communitybased education programs increase public awareness stroke could contribute decreasing risk stroke increasing speed hospital presentation stroke onset
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inpa.2019.07.003
|
Joan Atkinson|Andrew Vallely|Lisa Fitzgerald|Maxine Whittaker|Marcel Tanner
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The architecture and effect of participation: a systematic review of community participation for communicable disease control and elimination. Implications for malaria elimination
| 2,011 |
University of Queensland|UNSW Sydney|University of Queensland|University of Queensland|University of Queensland|Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute|University of Basel|University of Queensland
|
community engagement participation played critical role successful disease control elimination campaigns many countries despite benefits malaria control elimination yet fully realized may due limited understanding influences participation developing countries well inadequate investment infrastructure resources support sustainable community participation paper reports findings atypical systematic review 60 years literature order arrive comprehensive awareness constructs participation communicable disease control elimination provide guidance current malaria elimination campaignevidence derived quantitative research considered independently collectively qualitative research papers case reports papers included review systematically coded using predetermined qualitative coding matrix identified influences community participation individual household community governmentcivil society levels colour coding also carried reflect key primary health care period community participation programmes originated processes allowed exhaustive content analysis synthesis data attempt realize conceptual development beyond able achieved individual empirical studies case reportsof 60 papers meeting selection criteria four studies attempted determine effect community participation disease transmission due inherent differences design interventions outcome measures results could compared however studies showed statistically significant reductions disease incidence prevalence using various forms community participation use locally selected volunteers provided adequate training supervision resources common important elements success interventions studies addition qualitative synthesis 60 papers elucidates complex architecture community participation communicable disease control elimination presented hereinthe current global malaria elimination campaign calls health systems strengthening approach provide enabling environment programmes developing countries order realize benefits approach vital provide adequate investment people component health systems understand multilevel factors influence participation challenges strengthening component health systems discussed importance ensuring current global malaria elimination efforts derail renewed momentum towards comprehensive primary health care approach recommended application results systematic review considered diseases poverty order harmonize efforts building competent communities communicable disease control optimising health system effectiveness
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-1962-1
|
Christine Holst|Dominik Stelzle|Lien My Diep|Felix Sukums|Bernard Ngowi|Josef Noll|Andrea Sylvia Winkler
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Improving Health Knowledge Through Provision of Free Digital Health Education to Rural Communities in Iringa, Tanzania: Nonrandomized Intervention Study
| 2,022 |
Norwegian Institute of Public Health|University of Oslo|Technical University of Munich|Oslo University Hospital|Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences|National Institute for Medical Research|University of Dar es Salaam|University of Oslo|University of Oslo|Technical University of Munich
|
community health education one effective measures increase health literacy worldwide contribute achievement specific targets sustainable development goal 3 digitalized health education materials improve health knowledge dimension health literacy play important role disease prevention rural subsaharan settingsthe objective research assess effect digital health education intervention uptake retention knowledge related hivaids tuberculosis tb taenia solium neurocysticercosis taeniosis rural communities iringa tanzaniawe conducted nonrandomized intervention study participants aged 15 45 years randomly selected 4 villages iringa tanzania intervention consisted 2 parts baseline assessment showed participants 3 animated health videos tablet computer period 6 months free access community information spots infospots integrated digital health education platform provided intervention villages participants control group receive intervention primary outcome difference disease knowledge intervention control groups 12 months baseline data collected using openended questionnaire correct incorrect answers interventionbetween april may 2019 total 600 participants recruited intervention n298 497 control n302 503 groups baseline statistically significant differences knowledge target diseases observed 12 months intervention knowledge hivaids tb solium neurocysticercosis taeniosis 102 95 ci 50154 12 95 ci 77162 315 95 ci 268362 higher intervention group control group respectively 4 domains transmission symptoms treatment prevention increase knowledge observed 3 diseases albeit varying degrees results adjusted potential confounders significance primary results maintained sensitivity analysis assess dropouts participants reported using infospots 12month assessment increased knowledge target diseases 68 hivaids 75 tb 139 higher mean proportion correct answers compared participants use infospotsdigital health education based animated health videos use free infospots significant potential improve health knowledge especially rural areas low middleincome countriesclinicaltrialsgov nct03808597 httpsclinicaltrialsgovct2shownct03808597rr210219625128
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-011-9769-6
|
Olveen Carrasquillo|Cynthia Lebron|Yisel Alonzo|Hua Li|Aileen Chang|Sonjia Kenya
|
Effect of a Community Health Worker Intervention Among Latinos With Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes
| 2,017 |
University of Miami|University of Miami|University of Miami|University of Miami|University of Miami|George Washington University|University of Miami
|
community health worker chw intervention promising approach address type 2 diabetes among latinos however evidence randomized clinical studies limitedto compare chw intervention enhanced usual carethis 52week singleblind randomized clinical trial included 300 latino adults aged 18 65 years treated 2 public hospital outpatient clinics miamidade county florida july 1 2010 october 31 2013 eligible participants hemoglobin a1c hba1c level 80 greater followup completed january 31 2015 data analyzed march 10 2015 june 6 2016a 1year chw intervention consisted home visits telephone calls grouplevel activitiesprimary outcomes included systolic blood pressure sbp lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol ldlc levels hba1c levels secondary outcomes included body mass index medication regimen intensification selfreported measures diet physical activity medication regimen adherenceof 300 participants randomized 135 men 45 165 women 55 mean sd age 552 70 years obtained followup data 215 717 participants chw group received median 4 home visits 20 telephone calls adjusting baseline values covariates participants chw group hba1c level 051 lower 95 ci 094 008 participants enhanced usual care group reduction sbp 462 mm hg 95 ci 901 024 mm hg meet preplanned target 8 mm hg statistically significant unadjusted models significant differences ldlc levels mean difference 82 mgdl 95 ci 188 23 mgdl preplanned secondary outcomes observed post hoc analyses suggest intervention may beneficial among worse control type 2 diabetes baselineamong latinos poorly controlled type 2 diabetes 12month chw intervention lowered hba1c levels 051 intervention lead improvements ldlc levels findings respect sbp variable half targeted future studies examine whether chw interventions affect measures access health care social determinants healthclinicaltrialsgov identifier nct01152957
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jana.2007.05.002
|
Andrea K Blanchard|Audrey Prost|Tanja A. J. Houweling
|
Effects of community health worker interventions on socioeconomic inequities in maternal and newborn health in low-income and middle-income countries: a mixed-methods systematic review
| 2,019 |
University College London|University College London|Erasmus MC
|
community health worker chw interventions promoted improve maternal newborn health lowincome middleincome countries reviewed evidence effectiveness reducing socioeconomic inequities maternal newborn health outcomes achieve effects contextual processes shape effectswe conducted mixedmethods systematic review quantitative qualitative studies published 1996 2017 medline embase web science scopus databases included studies examining effects chw interventions lowincome middleincome countries maternal newborn health outcomes across socioeconomic groups wealth occupation education class caste tribe religion conducted narrative synthesis evidencewe identified 1919 articles 22 met inclusion criteria chws facilitated four types interventions home visits communitybased groups cash transfers combinations four studies found chws providing home visits facilitating womens groups equitable coverage four others found home visits cash transfer interventions inequitable coverage five studies reported equitable effects chw interventions antenatal care skilled birth attendance andor essential newborn care one study found chw home visit intervention reduce wealth inequities skilled birth attendance study womens groups reported greater reductions neonatal mortality among lower compared higher socioeconomic groups equity improved chws relevant support assisting women improve health practices access health care within community contextswhile current evidence remains limited particularly mortality existing studies suggest chw interventions involving home visits cash transfers participatory womens groups multiple components improve equity maternal newborn health future mixedmethods research explore intervention strategies contextual processes shaping effects equity optimise efforts
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2005.02.004
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null | null | null | null |
community health workers
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196467
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Yoshito Kawakatsu|Tomohiko Sugishita|Jackson Kioko|Aya Ishimura|Sumihisa Honda
|
Factors influencing the performance of community health workers in Kisumu West, Kenya
| 2,012 |
Nagasaki International University|Nagasaki University|Japan International Cooperation Agency|Ministry of Health|Japan International Cooperation Agency|Nagasaki University
|
community health workers chws play key role functioning primary health care however little research performance chws conducted kenya study aims describe performance determine factors impacted performance chws kenyaa total 750 chws identified potential subjects however appropriate data submitted 172 chws rejection loss reporting status data chws collected questionnaires information performance gathered supervisorsapproximately 60 chws active chws 40 years age likely display good performance job p 0001 addition performance chws influenced training partners p 003older chws likely perform well furthermore performance influenced training partners
|
https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654316670999
|
Paul Hutchings|Mei Yee Chan|Lucie Cuadrado|Fatine Ezbakhe|Baptiste Mesa|Chiaki Tamekawa|Richard Franceys
|
A systematic review of success factors in the community management of rural water supplies over the past 30 years
| 2,015 |
Cranfield University|Cranfield University|Cranfield University|Cranfield University|Cranfield University|Cranfield University|Cranfield University
|
community management accepted management model rural water supplies many low middleincome countries however endemic problems sustainability scalability model leading many conclude reached limits approach reliant voluntarism informality accepting criticism recognising many cases success reported past 30 years study systematically reviews analyses development pattern 174 successful community management case studies synthesis confirms premise community management sustained scale community institutions need plus includes longterm external support majority high performing cases involving financial support technical advice managerial advice internal community characteristics also found influential terms success including collective initiative strong leadership institutional transparency metaanalysis success different regions paper also indicates important finding direct relationship success prevailing socioeconomic wealth society holds implications policy programme design need consider broad structural conditions may dictate relative success different forms community management
|
https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019868858
|
Jennifer Toller Erausquin|Monica Biradavolu|Elizabeth Reed|Rebekah Burroway|Kim M. Blankenship
|
Trends in condom use among female sex workers in Andhra Pradesh, India: the impact of a community mobilisation intervention
| 2,012 |
North Carolina Division of Public Health|American University|George Washington University|Stony Brook University|State University of New York|American University
|
community mobilisation interventions hiv prevention among female sex workers fsws aim organise fsws collective action challenge structures power underlie hiv risk assessing intervention impact challenging importance direct individual exposure intervention components may decrease time change occurs socialnormative policy structural levels paper authors examine changes time consistent condom use among fsws rajahmundry andhra pradesh location longstanding community mobilisation interventionthe authors analyse crosssectional data collected among fsws three time points n2276 using respondentdriven sampling multiple logistic regression used assess association programme exposure consistent condom use whether association varied timethe proportion fsws exposure receptive exposure intervention decreased time active utilisation increased 194 2006 485 20092010 consistent condom use clients also increased 563 2006 753 20092010 multivariate analysis showed age age start sex work venue living conditions programme exposure significantly associated condom use positive association programme exposure consistent condom use vary significantly timefindings indicate improvements hiv risk reduction behaviour among fsws suggest intervention substantial reach fsw population interventions strategies may contributing populationlevel hiv risk reduction among fsws
|
https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cir727
|
Philip Crilly|Reem Kayyali
|
A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials of Telehealth and Digital Technology Use by Community Pharmacists to Improve Public Health
| 2,020 |
Kingston University|Kingston University
|
community pharmacists cps continue important role improving public health however advances telehealth digital technology mean methods support customers patients changing primary aim study identify telehealth digital technology tools used cps public health purposes determine positive impact public health outcomes systematic review carried using databases including pubmed sciencedirect covering time period april 2005 april 2020 search criteria following randomized controlled trials published english investigating delivery public health services community pharmacists using telehealth digital tool thirteen studies included 719 initially identified nine studies detailed use telephone prompts calls one study detailed use mobile health application two studies detailed use remote monitoring device one study detailed use photoaging software public health topics addressed included vaccination uptake n 2 smoking cessation n 1 hypertension management n 2 medication adherence counseling n 8 studies needed demonstrate whether use novel technology cps improve public health
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/s1499-4046(06)60255-8
|
Laura Dixon|Teresa Correa|Joseph Straubhaar|Laura Covarrubias|Dean Graber|Jeremiah Spence|Viviana Rojas
|
Gendered Space: The Digital Divide between Male and Female Users in Internet Public Access Sites
| 2,014 |
The University of Texas at Austin|Diego Portales University|The University of Texas at Austin|The University of Texas at Austin|The University of Texas at Austin|The University of Texas at Austin|The University of Texas at San Antonio
|
community technology centers libraries crucial components public policy initiatives reduce digital divide using theories structuration social construction technology paper examines gender dynamics digital divide public access points austin tx 10 years using extensive participant observations found male users outnumber female users public access internet usage even accounting age ethnicity indepth interviews revealed sexes saw public access least desirable place use internet discourses around libraries differed female interviewees associated libraries nostalgia books family male interviewees associated libraries technology older female users also described feelings technophobia
|
https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.2.3.630-636
|
Sarah E Koss|Ross Weissman|Vinca Chow|Patrick Smith|Bethany Slack|Vitaliy L. Voytenko|Tracy A. Balboni|Michael J. Balboni
|
Training Community Clergy in Serious Illness: Balancing Faith and Medicine
| 2,018 |
Episcopal Divinity School|Dana-Farber Cancer Institute|Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center|Harvard University|Emmanuel College - Massachusetts|Wheaton College - Illinois|Dana-Farber Cancer Institute|Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
|
communitybased clergy highly engaged helping seriously ill patients address spiritual concerns end life eol desire eol training data exist guiding conceptualize clergytraining program objective study used identify best practices eol training program community clergy part national clergy project endoflife care project conducted key informant interviews focus groups active clergy five us states california illinois massachusetts new york texas diverse purposive sample 35 active clergy representing preidentified racial educational theological denominational categories hypothesized associated intensive utilization medical care eol assessed suggested curriculum structure content clergy eol training interviews focus groups purpose qualitative analysis thematic analysis identified key themes around curriculum structure curriculum content issues tension curriculum structure included ideas targeting clergy well lay congregational leaders found clergy open combining resources religious healthbased institutions curriculum content included clergy desires educational topics increasing medical literacy reviewing pastoral counseling approaches finally clergy identified challenging barriers eol training needing openly discussed including difficulties collaborating medical teams surrounding issues trust role miracles caution prognostication future eol training desired needed communitybased clergy partnering together religiousmedical training programs consider curricula sensitive toward structure desired content perceived clergy tensions
|
https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.3932
|
Ada L. García|Rebecca Reardon|Matthew McDonald|Elisa J. Vargas-García
|
Community Interventions to Improve Cooking Skills and Their Effects on Confidence and Eating Behaviour
| 2,016 |
Glasgow Royal Infirmary|University of Glasgow|CARE Canada|Glasgow Royal Infirmary|University of Glasgow|University of Leeds
|
communitybased interventions aiming improve cooking skills popular strategy promote healthy eating reviewed current evidence effectiveness interventions different confidence aspects fruit vegetable intakeevaluation cooking programmes consistently report increased confidence cooking skills adults across different age groups settings effectiveness programmes modifying eating behaviour less consistent small increases selfreported consumption fruit vegetables also described lack large samples randomization control groups longterm evaluation methodological limitations evidence reviewedcooking skill interventions positive effect food literacy particularly improving confidence cooking fruit vegetable consumption vulnerable lowsocieconomic groups gaining benefits consistency across study designs delivery evaluation outcomes short long terms warranted draw clearer conclusions cooking programmes contributing improve diet health
|
https://doi.org/10.1145/3230977.3230993
|
Noé C. Crespo|John P. Elder|Guadalupe X. Ayala|Donald J. Slymen|Nadia R. Campbell|James F. Sallis|Thomas L. McKenzie|Barbara Baquero|Elva M. Arredondo
|
Results of a Multi-level Intervention to Prevent and Control Childhood Obesity among Latino Children: The Aventuras Para Niños Study
| 2,012 |
San Diego State University|San Diego State University|San Diego State University|San Diego State University|San Diego State University|San Diego State University|San Diego State University|San Diego State University|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|San Diego State University
|
communitybased interventions needed reduce burden childhood obesityto evaluate impact multilevel promotorabased community health advisor intervention promote healthy eating physical activity prevent excess weight gain among latino childrenthirteen elementary schools randomized one four intervention conditions individualfamily level familyonly schoolcommunity level communityonly combined family community measurementonly condition participants 808 latino parents children enrolled kindergarten 2nd grade measures included parent child body mass index bmi selfadministered parent survey assessed several parent child behaviorsthere significant intervention effects childrens bmi zscore family intervention changed several obesityrelated child behaviors eg fruitvegetable consumption mediated changes parenting variables eg parent monitoringa promotorabased behavioral intervention efficacious changing parental factors child obesityrelated health behaviors
|
https://doi.org/10.3928/24748307-20170427-01
|
Brandon Kohrt|Laura Asher|Anvita Bhardwaj|Mina Fazel|Mark J. D. Jordans|Byamah B Mutamba|Abhijit Nadkarni|Gloria A. Pedersen|Daisy R. Singla|Vikram Patel
|
The Role of Communities in Mental Health Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Meta-Review of Components and Competencies
| 2,018 |
George Washington University|University of Nottingham|George Washington University|University of Oxford|War Child|King's College London|Butabika Hospital|King's College London|Sangath|George Washington University|Sinai Health System|University of Toronto|Sangath|Harvard Global Health Institute|Harvard University
|
communitybased mental health services emphasized world health organizationrsquos mental health action plan world bankrsquos disease control priorities action plan world psychiatric association increasing evidence effectiveness mental health interventions delivered nonspecialists community platforms low middleincome countries lmic however role community components yet summarized objective map community interventions lmic identify competencies communitybased providers highlight research gaps using reviewofreviews strategy identified 23 reviews narrative synthesis motivations employ community components included greater accessibility acceptability compared healthcare facilities greater clinical effectiveness ongoing contact use trusted local providers family involvement economic benefits locations included homes schools refugee camps well technologyaided delivery activities included awareness raising psychoeducation skills training rehabilitation psychological treatments substantial variation degree community components integrated primary care services addressing gaps current practice require assuring collaboration service users utilizing implementation science methods creating tools facilitate community services evaluate competencies providers developing standardized reporting communitybased programs
|
https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci7010013
|
Nora Gimpel|Tiffany B. Kindratt|Alvin G. Dawson|Patti Pagels
|
Community action research track: Community-based participatory research and service-learning experiences for medical students
| 2,018 |
The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center|The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center|The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center|The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
|
communitybased participatory research cbpr servicelearning unique experiential approaches designed train medical students provide individualized patient care population perspective medical schools us required provide support servicelearning community projects despite requirement medical schools offer structured servicelearning developed community action research track cart integrate population medicine health promotiondisease prevention social determinants health medical school curriculum cbpr servicelearning experiences article provides overview cart reports program impact based students participation preliminary evaluations accomplishments cart optional 4year servicelearning experience medical students interested community health curriculum includes coordinated longitudinal program electives community servicelearning lecturebased instruction 20092015 146 cart students participated interests public health 93 community service 73 primary care 73 cbpr 60 community medicine 60 top reasons enrolment significant improvements mean knowledge found measuring principles cbpr levels prevention determining health literacy patient communication strategies ps lt 005 students 73 satisfied cart projects disseminated least 65 posters four oral presentations local national international professional meetings six manuscripts published peerreviewed journals cart innovative curriculum training future physicians communityresponsive physicians
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842x.2001.tb00586.x
|
Michelle Heys|Lu Gram|Angie Wade|Edward James Norman Haworth|David Osrin|Khadkha Sagar|Deepti Shrestha|Rishi Neupane|Dhruba Adhikari|Ramesh Adhikari|Bharat Budhathoki|Dharma Manandhar|Anthony Costello
|
Long-term impact of community-based participatory women’s groups on child and maternal mortality and child disability: follow-up of a cluster randomised trial in rural Nepal
| 2,018 |
University College London|Great Ormond Street Hospital|University College London|Great Ormond Street Hospital|University College London|Great Ormond Street Hospital|University College London|University College London|Mother and Infant Research Activities|Government of Nepal|Mother and Infant Research Activities|Mother and Infant Research Activities|Mother and Infant Research Activities|Mother and Infant Research Activities|Mother and Infant Research Activities|Mother and Infant Research Activities|University College London
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communitybased womens groups practising participatory learning action pla reduce maternal neonatal mortality lowincome countries however clear whether reductions associated subsequent increased decreased rates childhood death disability assessed impact child deaths disability beyond perinatal period among participants earliest trial nepal 20012003household interviews conducted mothers household heads cluster individual levels analysed disability using pairwise log relative risks survival using multilevel logistic modelsfrom 6075 children 6117 mothers alive 4 weeks post partum 44 419 children 73 available interview mean 115 years later rates child deaths beyond perinatal period 366 520 per 1000 children intervention control arms respectively rates disability 627 855 per 1000 children intervention control arms respectively individuallevel analysis including random effects cluster pairing adjusted baseline maternal literacy socioeconomic status maternal age showed lower statistically nonsignificant odds child deaths 070 95 ci 043 118 disability 064 039 106 intervention armcommunitylevel exposure womens groups practising pla significantly impact childhood death disability death beyond perinatal period followup trials larger sample sizes warranted order explore possibility potential longterm survival disability benefits greater precision
|
https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.5.2016.088
|
Amy J. Pickering|Habiba Djebbari|Carmen López|Massa Coulibaly|María Laura Alzúa
|
Effect of a community-led sanitation intervention on child diarrhoea and child growth in rural Mali: a cluster-randomised controlled trial
| 2,015 |
Palo Alto Institute|Stanford University|School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences|Aix-Marseille University|French National Centre for Scientific Research|Universidad Nacional de La Plata|Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas|Mali-Folkecenter|Universidad Nacional de La Plata|Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
|
communityled total sanitation clts uses participatory approaches mobilise communities build toilets stop open defecation aim undertake first randomised trial clts assess effect child health koulikoro maliwe clusterrandomised trial assess clts programme implemented government mali study population included households rural villages clusters koulikoro district mali every household least one child aged younger 10 years villages randomly assigned 11 computergenerated sequence study investigator receive clts programme health outcomes included diarrhoea primary outcome height age weight age stunting underweight outcomes measured 15 years intervention delivery 2 years enrolment among children younger 5 years participants masked intervention assignment trial registered clinicaltrialsgov number nct01900912we recruited participants april 12 june 23 2011 assigned 60 villages 2365 households receive clts intervention 61 villages 2167 households control group differences observed terms diarrhoeal prevalence among children clts control villages 706 22 3140 clts children vs 693 24 2872 control children prevalence ratio pr 093 95 ci 076114 access private latrines almost twice high intervention villages 1373 65 2120 vs 661 35 1911 households reported open defecation reduced female 198 9 2086 vs 608 33 1869 households male 195 10 2004 vs 602 33 1813 households adults children clts villages taller 018 increase heightforage z score 95 ci 003032 2415 children less likely stunted 35 vs 41 pr 086 95 ci 07410 children control villages 22 children underweight clts compared 26 control villages pr 088 95 ci 071108 difference mean weightforage z score 009 95 ci 004 022 groups clts villages younger children enrolment 2 years showed greater improvements height weight older childrenin villages received behavioural sanitation intervention monetary subsidies diarrhoeal prevalence remained similar control villages however access toilets substantially increased child growth improved particularly children 2 years clts might prevented growth faltering pathways reducing diarrhoeabill melinda gates foundation
|
https://doi.org/10.5539/jmr.v4n5p63
|
Angela Nickerson|Matthis Schick|Ulrich Schnyder|Richard A. Bryant|Naser Morina
|
Comorbidity of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression in Tortured, Treatment?Seeking Refugees
| 2,017 |
UNSW Sydney|University Hospital of Zurich|University of Zurich|University Hospital of Zurich|University of Zurich|UNSW Sydney|University Hospital of Zurich|University of Zurich
|
comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder ptsd depression common refugee groups however little known predictors correlates comorbidity treatmentseeking refugees participants study 134 refugees resettled switzerland participants turkey iran sri lanka 927 exposed torture selfreport measures implemented assess ptsd depression mental physical healthrelated quality life qol well pre postmigration experiences findings indicated approximately half sample met criteria ptsd depression 336 met criteria depression 22 met criteria ptsd several variables emerged predictors comorbidity contrast diagnosis female gender odds ratio 017 age 093 time switzerland 116 trauma exposure 119 postmigration stress also associated greater likelihood comorbidity compared diagnosis 132 single diagnosis 114 dual diagnosis associated significantly poorer mental healthrelated physical healthrelated qol mental healthrelated qol dual diagnosis vs single diagnosis 052 dual diagnosis vs diagnosis 130 physical healthrelated qol dual diagnosis vs single diagnosis 073 dual diagnosis vs diagnosis 104 findings indicated comorbidity highly prevalent sample treatmentseeking refugees associated substantial impairment burden psychological interventions refugees consider dual impact ptsd depression symptoms optimally decrease distress improve qol vulnerable group
|
https://doi.org/10.1523/eneuro.0030-16.2016
|
Julia M. Carroll|Joanne M. Myers
|
Speech and Language Difficulties in Children With and Without a Family History of Dyslexia
| 2,010 |
University of Warwick|University of Warwick
|
comorbidity sli dyslexia well documented researchers variously argued dyslexia separate disorder sli children dyslexia show subset difficulties shown sli study examines hypotheses assessing whether family history dyslexia speech language difficulties separable risk factors literacy difficulties fortysix children family risk dyslexia frd 36 children receiving speech therapy slt compared 128 typically developing children substantial number 413 children frd received slt nature difficulties differ severity form shown children slt however slt frd independent risk factors predicting reading difficulties concurrently 6 months later argued results best explained terms penningtons 2006 pennington b f 2006 single multiple deficit models developmental disorders cognition 101 385413 crossref pubmed web science google scholar multiple deficits model
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https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2008-0854
|
J Valderas|Bárbara Starfield|Bonnie Sibbald|Chris Salisbury|Martín Roland
|
Defining Comorbidity: Implications for Understanding Health and Health Services
| 2,009 |
National Institute for Health Research|University of Manchester|Johns Hopkins University|National Institute for Health Research|University of Manchester|University of Manchester|NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre|National Institute for Health Research|University of Bristol
|
comorbidity associated worse health outcomes complex clinical management increased health care coststhere agreement however meaning term related constructs multimorbidity morbidity burden patient complexity well conceptualizedin article review defi nitions comorbidity relationship related constructswe show value given construct lies ability explain particular phenomenon interest within domains 1 clinical care 2 epidemiology 3 health services planning fi nancingmechanisms may underlie coexistence 2 conditions patient direct causation associated risk factors heterogeneity independence examined implications clinical care consideredwe conclude precise use constructs proposed article would lead improved research phenomenon ill health clinical care epidemiology health services
|
https://doi.org/10.4148/1944-9771.1063
|
Ronél Rensburg|Elsamari Botha
|
Is Integrated Reporting the silver bullet of financial communication? A stakeholder perspective from South Africa
| 2,014 |
University of Pretoria|University of Cape Town
|
companies forced critically reevaluate communicate financial information stakeholders integrated reporting mandated king iii report seeks combine reporting financial nonfinancial performance measures way promotes corporate strategy south africa leading way corporate governance financial reporting first largescale adoption integrated reporting listed companies marked increase financial communication companies clear stakeholders use value information primary aim paper investigate financial information consumed within ambit new financial reporting standards national online survey study found stakeholders use integrated reports main source financial investment information reports seen additional information annual interim financial reports companies still mainstay corporate financial information stakeholders currently seldom use internet financial information indicated would increasingly prefer paper concludes discussion opportunities challenges future integrated reporting faces based findings
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2296-15-55
|
Annie LeBlanc|Amy E. Bodde|Megan E. Branda|Kathleen J. Yost|Jeph Herrin|Mark D. Williams|Nilay D. Shah|Holly Van Houten|Kari L Ruud|Laurie Pencille|Víctor M. Montori
|
Translating comparative effectiveness of depression medications into practice by comparing the depression medication choice decision aid to usual care: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
| 2,013 |
Mayo Clinic in Florida|Mayo Clinic in Florida|Mayo Clinic in Florida|Mayo Clinic in Florida|Yale University|Mayo Clinic|Winneshiek Medical Center|Mayo Clinic in Florida|Mayo Clinic in Florida|Mayo Clinic in Florida|Mayo Clinic in Florida|Mayo Clinic in Florida
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comparative effectiveness research cer documents important differences antidepressants terms efficacy safety cost burden patient decision aids adapt evidence help patients participate making informed choices turn antidepressant therapy likely reflect patients values context leading improved adherence mood outcomesthe objective study develop depression medication choice decision aid use primary care encounters test efficacy conducting clustered practical randomized trial comparing decision aid usual depression care primary care practiceswe use novel practicebased patientcentered approach based participatory action research involves multidisciplinary team designers investigators clinicians patient representatives stakeholders development decision aid conduct clustered practical randomized trial enrolling clinicians patients n 300 moderate severe depression rural suburban inner city primary care practices n 10 intervention consist use depression medication choice decision aid clinical encounter trial generate preliminary evidence relative impact decision aid patient involvement decision making decision making quality patient knowledge 6month measures medication adherence mental health compared usual depression careupon completion proposed research developed evaluated efficacy decision aid depression medication choice novel translational tool cer depression treatment engaged patients depression care refined process conduct practicebased trials limited research footprintclinical trialsgov nct01502891
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https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-698x-14-10
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Matthew W. Kreuter|Kathleen Holmes|Kassandra I. Alcaraz|Bindu Kalesan|Suchitra Rath|Melissa L. Richert|Amy McQueen|Nikki Caito|Lou Robinson|Eddie M. Clark
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Comparing narrative and informational videos to increase mammography in low-income African American women
| 2,010 |
Washington University in St. Louis|Missouri Foundation for Health|Saint Louis University|Washington University in St. Louis|Washington University in St. Louis|Washington University in St. Louis|Washington University in St. Louis|Washington University in St. Louis|Washington University in St. Louis|Washington University in St. Louis|Washington University in St. Louis
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compare effects narrative informational videos use mammography cancerrelated beliefs recall core content range reactions videosafrican american women n489 ages 40 older recruited lowincome neighborhoods st louis mo randomly assigned watch narrative video comprised stories african american breast cancer survivors living proof contentequivalent informational video using expository didactic approach facts life effects measured immediately postexposure 3 6month followupthe narrative video better liked enhanced recall reduced counterarguing increased breast cancer discussions family members perceived novel women watched narrative video also reported fewer barriers mammography confidence mammograms work likely perceive cancer important problem affecting african americans use mammography 6month followup differ narrative vs informational groups overall 49 vs 40 p20 among women less high school education 65 vs 32 p01 trended direction close friends family breast cancer 49 vs 31 p06 less trusting traditional cancer information sources 48 vs 30 p06narrative forms communication may increase effectiveness interventions reduce cancer health disparitiesnarratives appear particular value certain population subgroups identifying groups matching specific communication approaches may increase effectiveness
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https://doi.org/10.1093/wbro/lky005
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Amy McQueen|Matthew W. Kreuter
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Women's cognitive and affective reactions to breast cancer survivor stories: A structural equation analysis
| 2,010 |
Washington University in St. Louis|Washington University in St. Louis
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compare immediate affective cognitive reactions cancer survivor stories mammography breast cancer vs didactic informational approach participants n 489 african american women age 40 years older mean 61 high school education 67 annual household income 20000 77 prior mammogram 89 participants completed surveys watching narrative informational video used structural equation modeling examine large number interrelated latent constructs women watched narrative video experienced positive negative emotions found easier understand video positive evaluations video reported stronger identification message source ie perceived similarity trust liking engaged video narratives elicited immediate reactions consistent theorized pathways communication affects behavior future studies examine whether immediate outcomes act mediators longer term effects narratives affect cognitions behavior stories womens experiences may powerful didactic presentation encouraging african american women get mammogram
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https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.24415
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Azar Kariminia|Tony Butler|Michael Levy
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Aboriginal and non?Aboriginal health differentials in Australian prisoners
| 2,007 |
National Centre for Clinical Research on Emerging Drugs|UNSW Sydney|Curtin University|UNSW Sydney|University of Sydney
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compare selfreported physical mental health aboriginal nonaboriginal prisoners new south wales nsw crosssectional random sample twentynine correctional centres 27 male two female nsw 747 men 227 aboriginal 167 women 29 aboriginal fulltime custody face toface interviews used record selfreported health status aboriginal prisoners differed significantly nonaboriginal inmates several sociodemographic criminographic factors however differences observed health status aboriginal nonaboriginal men women adjusting age aboriginal men likely report high blood pressure diabetes differences found chronic health conditions female group aboriginal men higher sf36 scores nonaboriginal men general health vitality mental health aboriginal women lower scores nonaboriginal women social functioning roleemotional scored higher rolephysical dimension aboriginal inmates likely report seeing certain health professionals doctors dentists drug alcohol counsellors optometrists prison compared community health aboriginal nonaboriginal prisoners remarkably similar population group differences observed selfreported chronic health conditions aboriginal prisoners report using prison health services prison compared community highlights many prison rare opportunity contact health services
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https://doi.org/10.5070/t591026161
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M. Duncan|Corneel Vandelanotte|Richard R. Rosenkranz|Cristina M. Caperchione|Hang Ding|Marcus Ellison|Emma S. George|Cindy Hooker|Mohanraj Karunanithi|Gregory S. Kolt|Anthony Maeder|Manny Noakes|Rhys Tague|Pennie Taylor|Pierre Viljoen|W. Kerry Mummery
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Effectiveness of a website and mobile phone based physical activity and nutrition intervention for middle-aged males: Trial protocol and baseline findings of the ManUp Study
| 2,012 |
Central Queensland University|Central Queensland University|Kansas State University|University of British Columbia|Australian e-Health Research Centre|Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital|Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation|Central Queensland University|Western Sydney University|Central Queensland University|Australian e-Health Research Centre|Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital|Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation|Western Sydney University|Western Sydney University|Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation|Western Sydney University|Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation|Central Queensland University|University of Alberta
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compared females males experience higher rates chronic disease mortality yet health promotion initiatives specifically aimed men therefore aim manup study examine effectiveness itbased intervention increase physical activity nutrition behaviour literacy middleaged males aged 3554 yearsthe study design twoarm randomised controlled trial itbased applying website mobile phones printbased intervention arm deliver intervention materials promote selfmonitoring physical activity nutrition behaviours participants n 317 randomised 21 ratio favour itbased intervention arm intervention arms completed assessments baseline 3 9 months participants completed selfreport assessments physical activity sitting time nutrition behaviours physical activity nutrition literacy perceived health status sociodemographic characteristics randomly selected subsample itbased n 61 printbased n 30 intervention arms completed objective measures height weight waist circumference physical activity measured accelerometer actigraph gt3x average age participants itbased printbased intervention arm 442 438 years respectively majority participants employed professional occupations itbased 576 printbased 542 overweight obese itbased 908 printbased 873 baseline lower proportion participants itbased 702 group agreed 30 minutes physical activity day enough improve health compared printbased 823 group p 026 itbased group consumed significantly lower number serves red meat previous week compared printbased group p 017 significant betweengroup differences observed baselinethe manup study examine effectiveness itbased approach improve physical activity nutrition behaviour literacy study outcomes provide much needed information efficacy approach middle aged males important due large proportions males risk potential reach itbased interventionsactrn12611000081910
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s13031-018-0163-z
|
Alexandra Wicht|Nora Müller|Simone R. Haasler|Alexandra Nonnenmacher
|
The Interplay between Education, Skills, and Job Quality
| 2,019 |
GESIS - Leibniz-Institute for the Social Sciences|GESIS - Leibniz-Institute for the Social Sciences|GESIS - Leibniz-Institute for the Social Sciences|University of Siegen
|
compared general education vocational education training vet shown facilitate young peoples integration labour market time research suggests vet falls short teaching basic skills turn may lead less adaptability labour market changes longterm disadvantages individual labour market outcomes better understand relationships education skills labour market outcomes examine extent job quality differs individuals general education vet respect different skill levels furthermore investigate whether relationship type qualification job quality differs skills broaden past research considering four indicators job quality earnings job security job autonomy match respondents abilities job demands using data programme international assessment adult competencies germany demonstrate individuals academic education advanced vet score higher job quality concerning earnings job autonomy compared individuals initial vet comparing two higher qualified groups academic education associated higher earnings advanced vet level job autonomy similar regarding abilitiesdemands match groups score lower individuals initial vet moreover higher literacy skills associated higher levels job quality irrespective type level formal qualification finally find empirical evidence skills compensate reinforce disadvantages job quality derived professional qualifications
|
https://doi.org/10.1080/00031305.2017.1305294
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Melissa L. Anderson|Kelly S. Wolf Craig|Sheri Hostovsky|Maureen Bligh|Emily Bramande|Kristin L. Walker|Kathleen Biebel|Nancy Byatt
|
Creating the Capacity to Screen Deaf Women for Perinatal Depression: A Pilot Study
| 2,021 |
University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School|University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School|University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School|University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School|Gallaudet University|University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School|University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School|Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission|University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School|University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School
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compared hearing women deaf female sign language users receive suboptimal maternal health care report dissatisfaction prenatal care experiences healthcare providers begin regularly screen perinatal depression validated screening tools accessible deaf women due severe disparities english literacy health literacywe conducted oneyear communityengaged pilot study create initial american sign language asl translation edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds conduct videophone screening interviews deaf perinatal women across united states perform preliminary statistical analyses resulting pilot datawe enrolled 36 deaf perinatal women 5 weeks gestation one year postpartumresults supported internal consistency full asl epds provide evidence internal consistency anxiety depression subscales presented asl format participants reported mean total score 56 30 points asl epds sd 42 thirtyone percent participants reported scores mild depression range six percent moderate range none severe rangelimitations included small sample size restricted range depression scores nonnormality distribution lack fullystandardized asl epds administration due interview approach informed study strengths limitations lessons learned future efforts include larger robust psychometric study inform development computerassisted selfinterviewing version asl epds automated scoring functions hearing nonsigning medical providers use screen deaf women perinatal depression
|
https://doi.org/10.1097/jcn.0b013e318260c308
|
Amy D. Waterman|Anna-Michelle Marie McSorley|John Devin Peipert|Christina J. Goalby|Leanne Peace|Patricia A. Lutz|Jessica L. Thein
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Explore Transplant at Home: a randomized control trial of an educational intervention to increase transplant knowledge for Black and White socioeconomically disadvantaged dialysis patients
| 2,015 |
University of California, Los Angeles|University of California, Los Angeles|University of California, Los Angeles|University of California, Los Angeles|University of Missouri|University of Missouri|General Sciences (United States)
|
compared others dialysis patients socioeconomically disadvantaged black less likely receive education deceased donor kidney transplant ddkt living donor kidney transplant ldkt reach transplant centers often due limited availability transplant education within dialysis centers since patients often less knowledgeable ready pursue transplant educational content must simplified made culturally sensitive presented gradually across multiple sessions increase learning honor decisionmaking transplant explore transplant home eth program developed help patients learn ddkt ldkt home without telephone conversations educatorin randomized controlled trial rct 540 lowincome black white dialysis patients household incomes 250 federal poverty line receive financial assistance missouri kidney program randomly assigned one three education conditions 1 standardofcare transplant education provided dialysis center 2 patientguided eth ethpg 3 health educatorguided eth etheg patients standardofcare condition receive education provided dialysis centers two eth conditions receive four video print modules delivered 8 month period mail option receiving supplementary text messages weekly addition patients etheg condition participate multiple telephonic educational sessions health educator changes transplant knowledge decisional balance selfefficacy informed decision making captured surveys administered eth educationat conclusion rct determined whether education program administered socioeconomically disadvantaged dialysis patients several months directly homes help individuals learn options ddkt ldkt also able examine efficacy different educational delivery approaches understand whether addition telephone educator necessary increasing transplant knowledgeclinicaltrialsgov nct02268682
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https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-13-118
|
Sabrine Dhahri|Anis Omri
|
Entrepreneurship contribution to the three pillars of sustainable development: What does the evidence really say?
| 2,018 |
University of Sfax|University of Carthage
|
compared prior discussion emerging research entrepreneurship sustainable development purpose study investigate ability entrepreneurial activity simultaneously enhance economic growth advance environmental objectives improve social conditions developing countries mainly found entrepreneurship countries positively contributes economic social dimensions sustainable development contribution environmental dimension negative results causality test confirm interactions among entrepreneurship three dimensions short longrun limitations future research directions managerial policy implications entrepreneurial action sustainable development also discussed
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-4405(01)00079-6
|
Ilyas Sagar-Ouriaghli|Emma Godfrey|Livia Bridge|Laura Meade|June Brown
|
Improving Mental Health Service Utilization Among Men: A Systematic Review and Synthesis of Behavior Change Techniques Within Interventions Targeting Help-Seeking
| 2,019 |
King's College London|King's College London|King's College London|King's College London|King's College London
|
compared women men less likely seek help mental health difficulties despite considerable interest paucity evidencebased solutions remains solve problem current review sought synthesize specific techniques within malespecific interventions may contribute improvement psychological helpseeking attitudes intentions behaviors systematic review identified 6598 potential articles three databases medline embase psycinfo nine studies eligible metaanalysis problematic due disparate interventions outcomes populations decision use innovative approach adopted behavior change technique bct taxonomy synthesize interventions key features likely responsible improving helpseeking made nine studies four engagement strategies ie brochuresdocumentaries two randomized controlled trials rcts two pilot rcts one retrospective review regarding quality assessment three scored strong five moderate one weak key processes improved helpseeking attitudes intentions behaviors men included using role models convey information psychoeducational material improve mental health knowledge assistance recognizing managing symptoms active problemsolving tasks motivating behavior change signposting services finally content built positive male traits eg responsibility strength first review use novel approach using bcts summarize identify specific techniques may contribute improvement male helpseeking interventions whether engagement treatment intervention overall review summarizes previous male helpseeking interventions informing future researchclinical developments
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-019-05316-9
|
Minju Gwag|Jaeyong Yoo
|
Relationship between Health Literacy and Knowledge, Compliance with Bowel Preparation, and Bowel Cleanliness in Older Patients Undergoing Colonoscopy
| 2,022 |
Chosun University Hospital|Chosun University
|
compared young adults difficult older people relatively low health literacy perform proper bowel preparation colonoscopy study aims identify relationship knowledge compliance bowel preparation bowel cleanliness health literacy older patients undergoing colonoscopy participants 110 older people undergoing colonoscopy recruited endoscopy hospital g metropolitan city south korea data obtained structured questionnaire included items health literacy knowledge compliance bowel preparation aronchick bowel cleanliness scale data analyzed using descriptive statistics test pearsons correlation ttest ancova participants younger higher education level better economic status statistically significantly higher health literacy level older people health literacy level 7 points higher knowledge level bowel cleanliness index showed better compliance bowel preparation results highlight need developing customized education intervention program improve health literacy successful bowel preparation examination older population undergoing colonoscopy
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https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-160252
|
Daniel S. Reuland|Linda K. Ko|Alicia Fernández|Laura C Braswell|Michael Pignone
|
Testing a Spanish-language colorectal cancer screening decision aid in Latinos with limited English proficiency: Results from a pre-post trial and four month follow-up survey
| 2,012 |
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of California, San Francisco|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
|
compared nonlatinos latinos us low rates colorectal cancer crc screening low rates knowledge regarding crc screening tests guidelines spanish speaking latinos particularly low crc screening rates screening knowledge purpose twofold 1 evaluate effect computerbased spanishlanguage crc screening decision aid screening knowledge intent obtain screening screening selfefficacy community sample latinos limited english proficiency lep 2 survey decision aid viewers four months determine rates crc discussions health care provider well rates screening test completion recruited 5075 year old latinos lep current crc participants screening viewed 14 minute multimedia decision aid addresses crc screening rationale recommendations options conducted uncontrolled prepost study assessed screening knowledge selfefficacy intent baseline immediately decision aid viewing also conducted followup telephone survey participants four months examine rates patientprovider screening discussions test completion among n 80 participants knowledge scores increased 20 72 decision aid viewing absolute difference 95ci 52 46 59 proportion high screening selfefficacy increased 67 92 25 13 37 proportion high screening intent increased 63 95 32 21 44 reached 68 85 80 participants eligible followup survey 36 53 reported discussing screening provider 13 19 completed test viewing spanishlanguage decision aid increased crc screening knowledge selfefficacy intent among latinos lep decision aid viewing appeared promote crc screening discussions health care providers test completion decision aid may effective tool promoting crc screening reducing screening disparities population
|
https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glr175
|
Alison Kennedy|Susan Brumby|Vincent Versace|Tristan Brumby-Rendell
|
The ripple effect: a digital intervention to reduce suicide stigma among farming men
| 2,020 |
Deakin University|Deakin University|Deakin University
|
compared general population australian farmersparticularly menhave identified greater risk suicide complex range factors thought contribute risk including experience stigma stigma also impacts attempted suicide carers bereaved suicidemanifesting shame guilt social isolation concealment death reduced help seeking ongoing risk suicide paper evaluates effectiveness intervention tailored farming context designed reduce stigma among farming men lived experience suicidethe digital intervention used adult learning model providing opportunity share insights reflect learn apply new knowledge among people shared farming interests suicide experience cultural context range contenttailored gender farming type suicide experience participantsincluded video stories postcard messages education personal goal setting pre post assessment suicide stigma literacy complemented qualitative data collection intervention participant feedback surveysthe intervention successful reaching members target group across australias rural communitieswith diverse geographic locations farming industries represented one hundred sixtynine participants target group farming males aged 3064 years recruited stigma suicide scale failed identify reduction self perceivedstigma qualitative data participant feedback identified behavioural indicators stigma reduction four subthemesgrowth new realisations hope encouragementhighlighted attitudinal behaviour change indicative reduced stigma associated mental health suicide participants baseline suicide literacy literacy suicide scale high compared previous community samples total literacy scores demonstrate significant improvement time although literacy link suicide alcoholism significantly improvethese results highlight opportunities groups high suicide literacy targeted stigma reduction suicide prevention efforts target group populations within australia internationally results also highlight need reassess stigma change understood evaluated across wider range population groupsthis research project registered australian new zealand clinical trials registry anzctr actrn12616000289415 7th march 2016
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https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-789x.2008.00507.x
|
Erica L. Brooks|Sarah R. Preis|Shih?Jen Hwang|Joanne M. Murabito|Emelia J. Benjamin|Margaret Kelly?Hayes|Paul D. Sorlie|Daniel Levy
|
Health Insurance and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors
| 2,010 |
Framingham Heart Study|National Heart Lung and Blood Institute|Tufts Medical Center|Framingham Heart Study|National Heart Lung and Blood Institute|Framingham Heart Study|National Heart Lung and Blood Institute|Boston University|Framingham Heart Study|National Heart Lung and Blood Institute|Framingham Heart Study|National Heart Lung and Blood Institute|Boston University|Framingham Heart Study|National Heart Lung and Blood Institute|Boston University|National Heart Lung and Blood Institute|Framingham Heart Study|National Heart Lung and Blood Institute
|
compared health insurance uninsured receive less care chronic conditions hypertension diabetes experience higher mortalitywe investigated relations health insurance status prevalence treatment control major cardiovascular disease risk factorshypertension elevated lowdensity lipoprotein ldl cholesterolamong framingham heart study fhs participants genderspecific ageadjusted analyses participants attended seventh offspring cohort examination cycle 19982001 first third generation cohort examination cycle 20022005 studiedamong 6098 participants 38 uninsured time fhs clinic examination ages ranged 19 64 years prevalence hypertension elevated ldl cholesterol similar insured uninsured however proportion obtained treatment achieved control risk factors lower among uninsured uninsured men women less likely treated hypertension odds ratios treatment 019 95 confidence interval ci 007056 men 031 95 ci 012079 women among men uninsured less likely receive treatment achieve control elevated ldl cholesterol insured odds ratios 012 95 ci 004038 treatment 017 95 ci 005056 controlthe treatment control hypertension hypercholesterolemia lower among uninsured adults increasing proportion insured individuals may means improve treatment control cardiovascular disease risk factors reduce health disparities
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2012.02.022
|
Daphne Kaklamanou|Christopher R. Jones|Thomas L. Webb|Stuart Walker
|
Using Public Transport Can Make Up for Flying Abroad on Holiday
| 2,013 |
University of Derby|University of Sheffield|University of Sheffield|University of Sheffield
|
compensatory green beliefs cgbs refer beliefs negative effects energyinefficient unsustainable behaviors eg flying abroad holiday compensated engaging energyefficient sustainable practices eg using public transport present research developed validated scale measure endorsement cgbs scale formed part online survey investigated relationship endorsement cgbs people think behave relation energy environmental issues factor analysis confirmed reliability 16item singlefactor scale measuring cgbs endorsement cgbs found correlate negatively measures proecological behavior environmental values green identity concern climate change age education level findings offer insight possible cognitive antecedents rebound effects known limit effectiveness interventions designed reduce energy consumption promote sustainable behavior
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13824
|
Drew H. Bailey|Mary K. Hoard|Lara Nugent|David C. Geary
|
Competence with fractions predicts gains in mathematics achievement
| 2,012 |
University of Missouri|University of Missouri|University of Missouri|University of Missouri
|
competence fractions predicts later mathematics achievement codevelopmental pattern fractions knowledge mathematics achievement well understood assessed codevelopment examination crosslagged relation measure conceptual knowledge fractions mathematics achievement sixth seventh grades n 212 crosslagged effects indicated performance sixth grade fractions concepts measure predicted 1year gains mathematics achievement 14 p 01 controlling central executive component working memory intelligence sixth grade mathematics achievement predict gains fractions concepts measure 03 p 50 followup assessment demonstrated measures fluency computational fractions significantly predicted seventh grade mathematics achievement beyond influence fluency computational whole number arithmetic performance number fluency number line tasks central executive span intelligence results provide empirical support hypothesis competence fractions underlies part subsequent gains mathematics achievement
|
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1996.10010001.x
|
Nita Bhandari|Sarmila Mazumder|Rajiv Bahl|José Martines|Robert E. Black|M. K. Bhan
|
An Educational Intervention to Promote Appropriate Complementary Feeding Practices and Physical Growth in Infants and Young Children in Rural Haryana, India
| 2,004 |
All India Institute of Medical Sciences
|
complementary feeding practices often inadequate developing countries resulting significant nutritional decline 6 18 mo age assessed effectiveness educational intervention promote adequate complementary feeding practices would feasible sustain existing resources study cluster randomized controlled trial communities state haryana india developed intervention formative research eight communities pair matched baseline characteristics one pair randomly assigned receive intervention specific feeding intervention health nutrition workers intervention communities trained counsel locally developed feeding recommendations newborns enrolled communities 552 intervention 473 control followed every 3 mo age 18 mo main outcome measures weights lengths 6 9 12 18 mo complementary feeding practices 9 18 mo analyses intent treat overall analyses small significant effect length gain intervention group difference means 032 cm 95 ci 003 061 effect greater subgroup male infants difference mean length gain 051 cm 95 ci 003 098 weight gain affected energy intakes complementary foods overall significantly higher intervention group children 9 mo mean sd 1556 1109 vs 1025 866 kj p 0001 18 mo 3807 1527 vs 2577 1058 kj p 0001 improving complementary feeding practices existing services feasible effect physical growth limited factors limit physical growth settings must better understood plan effective nutrition programs
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0047-2727(02)00046-4
|
Adam Burke|Richard L. Nahin|Barbara Stussman
|
Limited Health Knowledge as a Reason for Non-Use of Four Common Complementary Health Practices
| 2,015 |
San Francisco State University|National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health|National Institutes of Health|National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health|National Institutes of Health
|
complementary health practices important element healthhealthcare seeking behavior among adults united states reasons use include medical need prevention wellness promotion cultural relevance survey studies published past several decades provided important information use complementary health practices acupuncture yoga review literature however reveals absence studies looking specifically use approaches notto explore issue two samples created using data 2007 national health interview survey complementary alternative medicine supplement particular interest relationship lack health knowledge reason nonuse key independent variables first sample comprised individuals never used four common complementary health practices acupuncture chiropractic natural products yoga second subset nonusers also reported low back pain frequently cited health concern related use complementary therapiesa hypothesized association lack health knowledge lower educational attainment key socioeconomic indicators supported findings although hypothesized low back pain would associated greater information seeking regardless level education hypothesis supportedlack knowledge found affect utilization common complementary health practices regardless potentially motivating presence back pain disparities utilization complementary medicine related educational attainment socioeconomic factors may negatively affect quality care many americans creative approaches needed help reduce inequities understanding improve access care underserved populations
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https://doi.org/10.4161/derm.19667
|
Maria Demertzis|Silvia Merler|Guntram B. Wolff
|
Capital Markets Union and the Fintech Opportunity
| 2,018 |
Bruegel|Bruegel|Bruegel
|
complementing europes bankbased system deeper capital markets crossborder financial integration promises benefits despite longrunning debate policy action financial system change remains slow fintech potential change financial intermediation structures substantially could disrupt existing intermediation new business models empowered intelligent algorithms big data cloud computing artificial intelligence lower costs potentially better consumer experiences could driving forces yet empirically fintech remains small especially european union eu even largest fintech market china marginal size compared overall financial intermediation eu much fintech concentrated uk argue policymakers need consider four questions urgently develop european national fintech market ii regulatory framework pursue iii supervision fintech exercised european level iv overall vision eus financial system getting answers questions right early stage market development constitutes opportunity shape stable costefficient financial system contrast late action could mean europe loses foreign competitors misses opportunity improve financial intermediation europe
|
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02365
|
Silke Anger|Guido Heineck
|
Do smart parents raise smart children? The intergenerational transmission of cognitive abilities
| 2,009 |
German Institute for Economic Research|Institut für Arbeitsmarkt und Berufsforschung
|
complementing prior research income educational mobility examine intergenerational transmission cognitive abilities find individuals cognitive skills positively related parents abilities despite controlling educational attainment family background differentiating mothers fathers iq transmission find different effects cognition sons daughters cognitive skills based past learning strongly transmitted generations skills related innate abilities findings compatible pure genetic model rather point importance parental investments childrens cognitive outcomes
|
https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988318773656
|
Cheryl C. Smith
|
Technologies for Transcending a Focus on Error: Biogs and Democratic Aspirations in First-Year Composition
| 2,008 |
Baruch College
|
composition new key kathleen blake yancey argues importance attending selfsponsored writing populates anne gere refers compositions extracurriculum 79 spaces outside school writing plays major roleyanceys call bring together writing outside school inside 308 signals growing awareness coming terms complexity undergraduates growth writers increasingly meant attending writing students beyond temporal spatial boundaries classroomit likewise points journalism poetry standup
|
https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.28814
|
Selina Bruns|Daniel Hermann|Oliver Mußhoff
|
Investigating inconsistencies in complex lotteries: The role of cognitive skills of low-numeracy subjects
| 2,022 |
University of Göttingen|University of Göttingen|University of Göttingen
|
comprehension risk elicitation tasks crucial otherwise results rather noisy reliable one prominent riskelicitation tool holt laury task hltask particularly prone noisy outcome indicated high inconsistency levels used among lowliteracy subjects yet unclear drives inconsistencies note investigate hltask inconsistency levels 247 smallholder farmers rural cambodia cognitive skills measured ravens progressive matrices rpm statistically significant determinant inconsistency levels second step analysis reveals cognitive skills statistically significant explanation inconsistency levels men women results suggest researchers conduct comprehensive pretest aiming using abstract riskelicitation methods among lownumeracy subjects field
|
https://doi.org/10.1113/jp279386
|
Jerzy P. Szaflarski|Mekibib Altaye|Amirtham Rajagopal|Kenneth Eaton|Xiangxiang Meng|Elena Plante|Scott K. Holland
|
A 10-year longitudinal fMRI study of narrative comprehension in children and adolescents
| 2,012 |
University of Cincinnati|University of Cincinnati Medical Center|Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center|Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center|Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center|Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center|SAS Institute (United States)|University of Arizona|Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
|
comprehension spoken narratives requires coordination multiple language skills normal children narrative skills develop well school years period particularly vulnerable face brain injury developmental disorder reasons sought determine developmental trajectory narrative processing using longitudinal fmri scanning 30 healthy children ages 5 18 enrolled ages 5 6 7 examined annually 10 years fmri session children presented set five 30slong stories containing 9 10 11 sentences designed understood 5 year old child fmri data analysis conducted based hierarchical linear model hlm modified investigate developmental changes accounting missing data controlling factors age linguistic performance iq performance testing conducted scan indicated well chance p0002 comprehension performance linear increase increasing age bilateral superior temporal cortical activation bas 21 22 linked narrative processing conversely agerelated decreases cortical activation observed bilateral occipital regions cingulate cuneus possibly reflecting changes default mode networks dynamic changes observed longitudinal fmri study support increasing role bilateral bas 21 22 narrative comprehension involving nondomainspecific integration order achieve final story interpretation presence continued linear development area throughout childhood teenage years apparent plateau indicates full maturation narrative processing skills yet occurred may delayed early adulthood
|
https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.1291
|
Chandra Y. Osborn|Leonard E. Egede
|
Validation of an Information–Motivation–Behavioral Skills model of diabetes self-care (IMB-DSC)
| 2,010 |
Vanderbilt University|University of Connecticut|Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center|Medical University of South Carolina
|
comprehensive behavior change frameworks needed provide guidance design implementation evaluation diabetes selfcare programs diverse populations applied informationmotivationbehavioral skills imb model wellvalidated comprehensive health behavior change framework diabetes selfcarepatients diabetes recruited outpatient clinic information gathered pertained demographics diabetes knowledge information diabetes fatalism personal motivation social support social motivation diabetes selfcare behavior hemoglobin a1c values extracted patient medical record structural equation models tested imb frameworkmore diabetes knowledge r022 p005 less fatalistic attitudes r020 p005 social support r027 p001 independent direct predictors diabetes selfcare behavior behavior related glycemic control r020 p005consistent imb model information diabetes knowledge personal motivation less fatalistic attitudes social motivation social support associated behavior behavior sole predictor glycemic controlthe imb model appropriate comprehensive health behavior change framework diabetes selfcare findings indicate addition knowledge diabetes education programs target personal social motivation effect behavior change
|
https://doi.org/10.1561/105.00000034
|
Kristina Moll|Sarah Kunze|Nina Neuhoff|Jennifer Bruder|Gerd Schulte?Körne
|
Specific Learning Disorder: Prevalence and Gender Differences
| 2,014 |
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München|Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München|Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München|Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München|Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
|
comprehensive models learning disorders consider isolated learning disorders affect one learning domain well comorbidity learning disorders however empirical evidence comorbidity rates including three learning disorders defined dsm5 deficits reading writing mathematics scarce current study assessed prevalence rates gender ratios isolated well comorbid learning disorders representative sample 1633 german speaking children 3rd 4th grade prevalence rates analysed isolated well combined learning disorders different deficit criteria including criterion normal performance comorbid learning disorders occurred frequently isolated learning disorders even stricter cutoff criteria applied relative proportion isolated combined disorders change including criterion normal performance reading spelling deficits differed respect association arithmetic problems deficits arithmetic cooccurred often deficits spelling deficits reading addition comorbidity rates arithmetic reading decreased applying stricter deficit criteria stayed high arithmetic spelling irrespective chosen deficit criterion findings suggest processes underlying relationship arithmetic reading might differ underlying relationship arithmetic spelling respect gender ratios boys girls showed spelling deficits girls impaired arithmetic gender differences observed isolated reading problems combination three learning disorders implications findings assessment intervention learning disorders discussed
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.01.005
|
Helga Dittmar
|
Compulsive buying – a growing concern? An examination of gender, age, and endorsement of materialistic values as predictors
| 2,005 |
University of Sussex
|
compulsive buying understudied growing dysfunctional consumer behaviour harmful psychological financial consequences clinical perspectives treat psychiatric disorder whereas recent proposals emphasize increasing endorsement materialistic values cause uncontrolled buying eg dittmar 2004b kasser kanner 2004 present research aims improve understanding compulsive buying examining gender age endorsement materialistic values key predictors three uk questionnaire studies sampled individuals contacted selfhelp organization residentially matched controls n 330 consumer panelists multinational corporation n 250 16 18yearold adolescents n 195 results confirmed previously documented gender differences showed younger people prone compulsive buying central findings materialistic value endorsement emerged strongest predictor individuals compulsive buying significantly mediated observed age differences
|
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-005-1517-8
|
Terry Flew|Christina Spurgeon|Anna Daniel|Adam Swift
|
THE PROMISE OF COMPUTATIONAL JOURNALISM
| 2,012 |
Queensland University of Technology|Queensland University of Technology|Queensland University of Technology|Queensland University of Technology
|
computational journalism involves application software technologies activities journalism draws fields computer science social sciences media communicationsnew technologies may enhance traditional aims journalism may initiate greater interaction journalists information communication technology ict specialiststhe enhanced use computing news production related particular three factors larger government data sets becoming widely available increasingly sophisticated ubiquitous nature software developing digital economydrawing upon international examples paper argues computational journalism techniques may provide new foundations original investigative journalism increase scope new forms interaction readerscomputer journalism provides major opportunity enhance production original investigative journalism attract retain readers online
|
https://doi.org/10.3121/cmr.2007.693
|
Aman Yadav|Chris Mayfield|Ninger Zhou|Susanne E. Hambrusch|John T. Korb
|
Computational Thinking in Elementary and Secondary Teacher Education
| 2,014 |
Purdue University System|Purdue University System|Purdue University System|Purdue University System|Purdue University System
|
computational thinking ct broadly defined mental activity abstracting problems formulating solutions automated increasingly informationbased society ct becoming essential skill everyone ensure students develop ability k12 level important provide teachers adequate knowledge ct incorporate teaching article describes study designing introducing computational thinking modules assessing impact preservice teachers understanding ct concepts well attitude towards computing results demonstrate introducing computational thinking education courses effectively influence preservice teachers understanding ct concepts
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https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.2907
|
Sofia Papavlasopoulou|Kshitij Sharma|Michail N. Giannakos
|
Coding activities for children: Coupling eye-tracking with qualitative data to investigate gender differences
| 2,020 |
Norwegian University of Science and Technology|Norwegian University of Science and Technology|Norwegian University of Science and Technology
|
computational thinking coding becoming integral part k12 education female students underrepresented subjects proliferation technological tools programming environments offers opportunity creative coding activities children increases need appropriate instructional practices study design evaluate coding workshop children goal examine differences boys girls using eyetracking objective measure triangulating findings qualitative data coming childrens interviews results show statistically significant difference female male gaze learning gain coding activity interestingly qualitative data show differences strategies implemented practices coding perceptions coding activities results highlight studies need utilize objective measures unveil necessary differences design implementation coding activities furthermore results provide objective evidence female students lack competences compared boys simply different approach coding activities different perspectives coding approach needs cultivated nurtured
|
https://doi.org/10.1093/icon/2.1.148
|
Valentina Dagien?|Sue Sentance|Gabriel? Stupurien?
|
Developing a Two-Dimensional Categorization System for Educational Tasks in Informatics
| 2,017 |
Vilnius University|King's College London|Vilnius University|King's College London|Vilnius University|King's College London
|
computational thinking increasingly important focus computer science informatics curricula around world ways incorporating school curricula soughtthe bebras contest informatics originated 12 years ago involves around 50 countries consists short problemsolving tasks based topics informaticsbebras tasks engender development computational thinking skills incorporating abstraction algorithmic thinking decomposition evaluation generalizationbebras tasks cover range informatics concepts including algorithms data structures programming networking databases social ethical issueshaving built substantial number bebras tasks 12 years important able categorise easily accessed bebras community teachers within schoolsthe categorization tasks within bebras important ensures tasks span wide range topics several categorization schemes suggested datein paper present new twodimensional categorization system takes account computational thinking skills well content knowledgeexamples given recent tasks illustrate role bebras play development computational thinking skills
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https://doi.org/10.1177/0276146713481605
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Apostolia Gounaridou|Eleni Siamtanidou|Charalampos Dimoulas
|
A Serious Game for Mediated Education on Traffic Behavior and Safety Awareness
| 2,021 |
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki|Aristotle University of Thessaloniki|Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
|
computer games considered useful tool educational purposes alternative media applications serious games combine edification challenge entertainment thus learning becomes enjoyable comfortable efficient paper presents implementation educational computer game regarding traffic behavior awareness main stages analysis design development evaluation aiming investigating contribution gamification traffic safety game developed advanced media education approach unreal engine encompassing various adventures game heros tasks move virtual city complete mission follow road safety rules experience adventures either pedestrian vehicle driver research hypothesesquestions tested concerning gaming impact audience engagement firstperson storytelling communicate perceive traffic regulations results reveal properly developed educational game could become engaging amusing efficient could also enhance traffic awareness experiential mediated learning also fostering social responsibility
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-015-0726-2
|
Carolynn Van Dyke
|
Taking “computer literacy” literally
| 1,987 |
Lafayette College
|
computer literacy implies analogy computerrelated skills linguistic literacy seriously explored recent studies linguistic literacy illuminate definition computer literacy suggest new ways teaching
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https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2012.0059
|
Polina Charters|Michael J. Lee|Amy J. Ko|Dastyni Loksa
|
Challenging stereotypes and changing attitudes
| 2,014 |
University of Washington|University of Washington|University of Washington|University of Washington
|
computer programming used broadly across many industries diversity working adults writing programs interacting code part jobs however negative attitudes toward programming continue deter many studying computer science pursuing careers technology begin understanding adults attitudes toward computer programming improve used educational video game give 200 adult participants concrete programming experience via web collected selfreported opinions programming found adults initially poor attitudes toward programming believing difficult boring something generally could learn online learning experience attitudes improved significantly regardless gender population density level education results demonstrate adult attitudes toward programming initially negative quickly changed brief positive exposure programming
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https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1369-7625.2007.00444.x
|
Paul P. Maglio|S. Srinivasan|Jeffrey Kreulen|Jim Spohrer
|
Service systems, service scientists, SSME, and innovation
| 2,006 |
IBM Research - Almaden|IBM Research - Almaden|IBM Research - Almaden|IBM Research - Almaden
|
computer scientists work formal models algorithms computation someday service scientists may work formal models service systems four examples document early efforts establish new academic discipline new profession
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-12-101
|
Leon Straker|Clare Pollock|Barbara A. Maslen
|
Principles for the wise use of computers by children
| 2,009 |
Curtin University|Curtin University|Curtin University
|
computer use children home school common many countries child computer exposure varies type computer technology available childs age gender social group paper reviews current exposure data evidence positive negative effects computer use children potential positive effects computer use children include enhanced cognitive development school achievement reduced barriers social interaction enhanced fine motor skills visual processing effective rehabilitation potential negative effects include threats child safety inappropriate content exposure violence bullying internet addiction displacement moderatevigorous physical activity exposure junk food advertising sleep displacement vision problems musculoskeletal problems case child specific evidencebased guidelines wise use computers presented based children using computers differently adults physically cognitively socially different adults state change development potential impact later adult risk progress towards childspecific guidelines reported finally set guideline principles presented basis detailed guidelines physical cognitive social impact computer use children principles cover computer literacy technology safety child safety privacy appropriate social cognitive physical development majority children affluent communities substantial exposure computers likely significant effects child physical cognitive social development ergonomics provide promote guidelines wise use computers children promote positive effects reduce negative effects computerchild subsequent computeradult interaction
|
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0156164
|
Mukesh Kumar Tripathi|Dhananjay D. Maktedar
|
A role of computer vision in fruits and vegetables among various horticulture products of agriculture fields: A survey
| 2,020 |
Guru Nanak Dev University|Guru Nanak Dev University
|
computer vision consistent advanced technique image processing propitious outcome enormous potential computer vision strongly adopted heterogeneous domain including agriculture study existing research role computer vision fruits vegetables among various horticulture products agriculture fields noticed existing survey paper focused properly mathematical framework feature descriptor defect detection multiple datasets fruits vegetables elaborately motivated us undertake extensive survey paper examine paper broadly related fruits vegetables among various horticulture products agriculture fields specific model data preprocessing data analysis method overall value performance accuracy using particular performance metric moreover study different type disease present various fruit vegetable also focused comparison different machine learning approach respect different performance metrics dataset thus found among existing machine learning techniques svm give better classification accuracy generalized framework grade quality defect detection multiple fruits vegetables also proposed survey paper covers survey ninetyeight papers closely related computer vision agricultural field survey found computer vision plays important role large potential address challenges related agricultural fields
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2010.05.005
|
Priyanga Ranasinghe|Wasundara S. Wathurapatha|Yashasvi S Perera|Dilusha A Lamabadusuriya|Supun Kulatunga|N.W.I.A. Jayawardana|Prasad Katulanda
|
Computer vision syndrome among computer office workers in a developing country: an evaluation of prevalence and risk factors
| 2,016 |
University of Colombo|University of Colombo|Ministry of Health, Nutrition and Indigenous Medicine|Ministry of Health, Nutrition and Indigenous Medicine|Ministry of Health, Nutrition and Indigenous Medicine|Ministry of Health, Nutrition and Indigenous Medicine|University of Colombo
|
computer vision syndrome cvs group visual symptoms experienced relation use computers nearly 60 million people suffer cvs globally resulting reduced productivity work reduced quality life computer worker present study aims describe prevalence cvs associated factors among nationallyrepresentative sample sri lankan computer workers two thousand five hundred computer office workers invited study nine provinces sri lanka may december 2009 selfadministered questionnaire used collect sociodemographic data symptoms cvs associated factors binary logistic regression analysis performed patients presence cvs dichotomous dependent variable age gender duration occupation daily computer usage preexisting eye disease using visual display terminal vdt filter adjusting brightness screen use contact lenses angle gaze ergonomic practices knowledge continuousdichotomous independent variables similar binary logistic regression analysis performed patients severity cvs dichotomous dependent variable continuousdichotomous independent variables sample size 2210 response rate884 mean age 308 81 years 508 sample males 1year prevalence cvs study population 674 female gender 128 duration occupation 107 daily computer usage 110 preexisting eye disease 449 using vdt filter 102 use contact lenses 321 ergonomics practices knowledge 124 associated significantly presence cvs duration occupation 104 presence preexisting eye disease 154 significantly associated presence severe cvs sri lankan computer workers high prevalence cvs female gender longer duration occupation higher daily computer usage preexisting eye disease using vdt filter use contact lenses higher ergonomics practices knowledge associated significantly presence cvs factors associated severity cvs duration occupation presence preexisting eye disease
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-018-0406-2
|
Curtis Dolezal|Stephanie L. Marhefka|E. Karina Santamaria|Cheng?Shiun Leu|Elizabeth Brackis?Cott|Claude A. Mellins
|
A Comparison of Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interviews to Face-to-Face Interviews of Sexual Behavior Among Perinatally HIV-Exposed Youth
| 2,011 |
New York Psychoanalytic Society and Institute|Columbia University|University of South Florida|New York Psychoanalytic Society and Institute|Columbia University|New York Psychoanalytic Society and Institute|Columbia University|New York Psychoanalytic Society and Institute|Columbia University|New York Psychoanalytic Society and Institute|Columbia University
|
computerassisted interview methods increasingly popular assessment sensitive behaviors eg substance abuse sexual behaviors suggested effect social desirability diminished answering via computer compared intervieweradministered facetoface ftf interview although studies exploring hypothesis among adolescents rare yield inconsistent findings study compared two interview modes among sample urban ethnicminority perinatally hivexposed us youth baseline 148 hiv 126 hiv ages 916 years followup 120 hiv 110 hiv ages 1019 years participants randomly assigned receive sexual behavior interview via either audio computerassisted selfinterview acasi ftf interview prevalence several sexual behaviors participants reactions interviews compared although higher rates sexual behaviors typically reported acasi condition differences rarely reached statistical significance even limited demographic subgroupsexcept gender boys significantly likely report several sexual behaviors acasi condition compared ftf whereas among girls significant differences found two conditions acasiassigned youth rated interview process easier enjoyable ftfassigned youth fairly consistent across subgroup analyses well conclude positive reactions acasi interview give methodology slight advantage boys may disclose sexual behavior using computerassisted interviews
|
https://doi.org/10.1506/car.24.4.2
|
Erika Pluhar|Marcia McDonnell Holstad|Katherine A. Yeager|Pamela Denzmore-Nwagbara|Carol Corkran|Bridget Fielder|Frances McCarty|Colleen DiIorio
|
Implementation of Audio Computer-Assisted Interviewing Software in HIV/AIDS Research
| 2,007 |
Emory University
|
computerassisted interviewing cai begun play prominent role hivaids prevention research despite increased popularity cai particularly audio computerassisted selfinterviewing acasi research teams still reluctant implement acasi technology lack familiarity practical issues related using software packages purpose report describe implementation one particular acasi software package questionnaire development system qds nova research company bethesda md several nursing hivaids prevention research settings authors present acceptability satisfaction data two largescale public health studies used qds diverse populations also address issues related developing programming questionnaire discuss practical strategies related planning implementing acasi field including selecting equipment training staff collecting transferring data summarize advantages disadvantages computerassisted research methods
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112552
|
Steven J. Ondersma|Sara K. Chase|Dace S. Svikis|Charles R. Schuster
|
Computer-based brief motivational intervention for perinatal drug use
| 2,005 |
Wayne State University
|
computerbased brief motivational interventions may able reach high proportion atrisk individuals thus potential significant population impact present studies conducted determine acceptability preliminary efficacy computerbased brief motivational intervention motivation enhancement system mes study 1 quantitative qualitative feedback 30 postpartum women 17 women treatment drug use used modify software study 2 50 urban postpartum women reported drug use month pregnancy completed intervention provided repeated withinsession ratings state motivation study 3 30 women randomly assigned intervention control conditions 1month followup overall women rated mes highly acceptable easy use reported significant increases state motivation postintervention 1month followup 49 preliminary results encouraging suggest work area warranted
|
https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v13i01.7541
|
Miel Vugts|Margot C. W. Joosen|Jessica E van der Geer|A.M.E.E. Zedlitz|Hubertus J. M. Vrijhoef
|
The effectiveness of various computer-based interventions for patients with chronic pain or functional somatic syndromes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
| 2,018 |
Tilburg University|Tilburg University|Leiden University|Leiden University|Vrije Universiteit Brussel|Maastricht University
|
computerbased interventions target improvement physical emotional functioning patients chronic pain functional somatic syndromes however unclear extent interventions work systematic review metaanalysis registered prospero 2016 crd42016050839 assesses efficacy relative passive active control conditions explores patient intervention factors controlled studies identified medline embase psychinfo web science cochrane library pooled standardized mean differences comparison type somatic symptom healthrelated quality life functional interference catastrophizing depression outcomes calculated posttreatment 6 months followup risk bias assessed subgroup analyses performed patient intervention characteristics heterogeneous outcomes observed maximally 30 46 eligible studies 3387 participants included per metaanalysis mostly internetbased cognitive behavioral therapies identified significantly higher patient reported outcomes found comparisons passive control groups standardized mean differences ranged 41 18 comparisons active control groups smd 26 14 outcomes significant heterogeneity related patient intervention characteristics conclude minority good quality evidence small positive average effects computerbased cognitive behavior change interventions similar traditional modes effects may sustainable indications found interventions work better consistently across outcomes patients future process analyses recommended aim better understanding individual chances clinically relevant outcomes
|
https://doi.org/10.47535/1991auoes32(1)016
|
Brian R. Belland|Andrew Walker|Namju Kim|Mason Lefler
|
Synthesizing Results From Empirical Research on Computer-Based Scaffolding in STEM Education
| 2,016 |
Utah State University|Utah State University|Utah State University|Utah State University
|
computerbased scaffolding assists students generate solutions complex problems goals tasks helping increase integrate higher order skills process however despite decades research scaffolding stem science technology engineering mathematics education existing comprehensive metaanalysis synthesized results studies review addresses need synthesizing results 144 experimental studies 333 outcomes effects computerbased scaffolding designed assist full range stem learners primary adult education navigated illstructured problemcentered curricula results random effect metaanalysis indicate computerbased scaffolding showed consistently positive 046 effect cognitive outcomes across various contexts use scaffolding characteristics levels assessment b shed light many scaffolding debates including roles customization ie fading adding contextspecific support specifically scaffoldings influence cognitive outcomes vary basis contextspecificity presence absence scaffolding change logic scaffolding change implemented scaffoldings influence greatest measured principles level among adult learners still scaffoldings effect substantial significantly greater zero across age groups assessment levels results suggest scaffolding highly effective intervention across levels different characteristics largely designed many different ways still highly effective
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40723-016-0024-4
|
Qamar Farooq|Peng Fu|Sami Ahmad|Yanni Zhang|Yunhong Hao
|
Assessing Human Factor in the Adoption of Computer-Based Information Systems as the Internal Corporate Social Responsibility
| 2,019 |
Zhejiang Gongshang University|Zhejiang Gongshang University|Riphah International University|Zhejiang Gongshang University|Zhejiang Gongshang University
|
computerization management information systems thickly segregated employment unemployment discussed due technological implementation operational strategic levels article evaluated criticism internal corporate social responsibility csr challenges caused due espousal computerbased information systems cbis companies based existing measures comprehensive questionnaire designed distributed 120 employees companies adoption plan cbis hypothesized model cbis implementation intention disclosure human factor tested correlation regression analysis data received 108 employees 90 response rate results show positive relationship technological trends motivation computer literate employees established study context human capital management sociobehavioral notion meeting internal csr theoretical implications study progressively discussed simultaneously limitations therein research practical implications corporate managers human resource managers management information systems managers manufacturing industries
|
https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awq231
|
Michael Kozak|M. J. Mugavero|J. Ye|Inmaculada Aban|Sarah T. Lawrence|Christa R. Nevin|James L. Raper|Cheryl B. McCullumsmith|Joseph E. Schumacher|Heidi M. Crane|Mari M. Kitahata|Michael S. Saag|James H. Willig
|
Patient Reported Outcomes in Routine Care: Advancing Data Capture for HIV Cohort Research
| 2,011 |
Office of Infectious Diseases|Office of Infectious Diseases|Office of Infectious Diseases|Office of Infectious Diseases|Office of Infectious Diseases|University of Alabama at Birmingham|University of Washington|University of Washington|Office of Infectious Diseases|Office of Infectious Diseases
|
computerized collection standardized measures patient reported outcomes pros provides novel paradigm data capture point clinical care comparisons data pros electronic health records ehr lacking compare ehr pro capture depression substance abuse relationship adherence antiretroviral therapy artthis retrospective study includes hivpositive patients hiv clinic completed initial pro assessment april 2008july 2009 questionnaire includes measures depression phq9 substance abuse assist selfreported art adherence modeled using separate logistic regression analyses ehr vs prothe study included 782 participants ehr vs pro diagnosis current substance abuse 13 n 99 vs 6 n 45 p 0001 current depression 41 n 317 vs 12 n 97 p 0001 ehr model neither substance abuse 125 95 ci 070221 depression 093 95 ci 062140 significantly associated poor art adherence conversely pro model current substance abuse 278 95 ci 133581 current depression 193 95 ci 112333 associated poor art adherencethe explanatory characteristics pro model correlated best factors known associated poor art adherence substance abuse depression computerized capture pros part routine clinical care may prove complementary potentially transformative health informatics technology research patient care
|
https://doi.org/10.1681/asn.2010080819
|
Yasmine Probst|Linda C. Tapsell
|
Overview of Computerized Dietary Assessment Programs for Research and Practice in Nutrition Education
| 2,005 |
University of Wollongong|University of Wollongong
|
computerized dietary assessment programs often used nutrition education research practice article provides informal overview 29 dietary assessment programs mentioned literature covered medline 1996 2003 along components capabilities programs derived additional sources needed according literature advantages using computers dietary assessment include standardization questioning sequence fast easy processing immediate results increased flexibility disadvantages include need typing skills computer literacy well potential bias responses interviewer required
|
https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1005690919237
|
Abbas Pourhosein Gilakjani|Lai-Mei Leong
|
EFL Teachers? Attitudes toward Using Computer Technology in English Language Teaching
| 2,012 |
Islamic Azad University, Lahijan Branch|Universiti Sains Malaysia
|
computers become commonplace personal well professional livescomputers made many everyday tasks easier faster made society productivea important set variables classroom teacher teachers attitudes towards effective uses computers classroom overlooked efl classroomsthis study investigates teachers perceive use computer technology resources english language teachingthe first aim study define teachers attitudesthe second aim discuss aspects attitudethe third aim explain teachers attitudes computer technology trainingthe fourth aim elaborate teachers attitudes computer technology integrationthe fifth aim define teachers attitudes computer experiencethe sixth aim discuss teachers attitudes computer anxiety interestthe last aim review teachers attitudes computer literacythe review related literature shows simply introducing computer technology resources guarantee teachers use practiceknowledge efl teachers attitudes teaching learning computers affords opportunity design implement efl instruction
|
https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2009.090795
|
Dominique Alexandra Reinwand|Daniela N Schulz|Rik Crutzen|Stef Kremers|Hein de Vries
|
Who Follows eHealth Interventions as Recommended? A Study of Participants' Personal Characteristics From the Experimental Arm of a Randomized Controlled Trial
| 2,015 |
Maastricht University|Constructor University|Maastricht University|Maastricht University|Maastricht University|Maastricht University
|
computertailored ehealth interventions improve health behavior demonstrated effective costeffective used recommended however different subgroups may use internet differently might also affect intervention use effectiveness date little research available depicting whether adherence intervention recommendations differs according personal characteristicsthe aim assess personal characteristics associated using ehealth intervention recommendeda randomized controlled trial conducted among sample adult dutch population n1638 testing intervention aimed improving 5 healthy lifestyle behaviors increasing fruit vegetable consumption increasing physical activity reducing alcohol intake promoting smoking cessation participants asked participate specific online modules meet national guidelines respective behaviors participants started fewer recommended number modules intervention defined users follow intervention recommendationthe fewer modules recommended participants better participants adhered intervention modules following intervention recommendation increased participants older 21398 p001 female 21158 p001 unemployed 2179 p003 ill 2145 p02 relationship 2178 p003 significant relevant differences found groups different levels education incomes quality lifeour findings indicate ehealth interventions used differently subgroups frequent asrecommended intervention use unemployed older ill participants may indication ehealth interventions attractive people greater need health care information research necessary make intervention use attractive people unhealthy lifestyle patterns
|
https://doi.org/10.1080/10714410390198949
|
Linda Mannila|Lars-Åke Nordén|Arnold Pears
|
Digital Competence, Teacher Self-Efficacy and Training Needs
| 2,018 |
Aalto University|Uppsala University|Uppsala University
|
computing related content introduced school curricula world placing new requirements school teachers knowledge little attention paid fostering skills attitudes required teach new content involves traditional computing topics algorithms programming also role technology society well questions related ethics safety integrity technology develops fast rate content taught learning computing content isolated inservice training initiatives means enough rather teachers need develop confidence independently continuously explore new relevant include digital competence teaching teachers selfefficacy hence crucial importance previous article citenorden2017 described development selfefficacy scale teachers focusing digital competence described eus framework digcomp 20 paper extend work analysing 530 teachers responses collected autumn 2017 series workshops professional development events goal collect baseline data painting picture teachers current selfefficacy levels order facilitate followup studies addition results also point challenging areas consequently providing important insight topics themes emphasized professional development initiatives
|
https://doi.org/10.17648/acta.scientiae.5884
|
Tetine Sentell|Ruth Pitt|Opal Vanessa Buchthal
|
Health Literacy in a Social Context: Review of Quantitative Evidence
| 2,017 |
University of Hawai?i at M?noa|University of Hawaii System|University of Hawai?i at M?noa|University of Hawaii System|University of Hawai?i at M?noa|University of Hawaii System
|
conceptual literature consistently noted health literacy exists within social context review examined intersection social context health literacy operationalized quantitative empirical researchfollowing prisma preferred reporting items systematic reviews metaanalyses guidelines searched seven databases including pubmed cinahl cumulative index nursing allied health literature using range potentially relevant keywords handsearched bibliographies inclusion criteria quantitative studies design measurement health literacy measurement social context intersected identified 1052 unduplicated articles 34 met inclusion criteriawe found three distinct perspectives intersection health literacy social context common n 23 studies measuring association individual health literacy individual social capital social support social engagement particularly whether social support varied health literacy andor relationship mediated health outcomes another group studies n 6 took perspective health literate definition included social context including access andor use social support domain individual health literacy assessment five studies considered social context health literacy independent property measured beyond individual level two measured communitylevel health literacy three measured health literacy capacityconcordance caregiving dyads studies showed significant definitional measurement complexity overlap dramatic example similar question used across various studies measure 1 health literacy 2 social support domain health literacy 3 social support 4 study outcome distinct associated health literacy potential useful methods social network analyses missing literatureexisting quantitative research health literacy social context supports attention topic review quantified evidence revealed gaps noted limitations identified important questions future research health literacy research practice 201712e41e70this study systemically compiles existing quantitative empirical research 34 articles focusing intersection health literacy social context find considerable measurement complexity current body work topic identify three distinct perspectives researchers taken considering topic information useful future development important research area
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https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.281.11.1006
|
Quy Van Khuc|Mai Ngoc Tran|Thuy Nguyen|An Thinh Nguyen|Thao Dang|??ng Trung Tuy?n|Phu Pham|Luu Quoc Dat
|
Improving Energy Literacy to Facilitate Energy Transition and Nurture Environmental Culture in Vietnam
| 2,023 |
Vietnam National University, Hanoi|Phenikaa (Vietnam)|Phenikaa (Vietnam)|Vietnam National University, Hanoi|Western University|Vietnam National University, Hanoi|Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology|Vietnam National University, Hanoi
|
concern energy depletion risen industrialization consumerism pushing transition fossil fuels renewable energy sources end every group within society especially youth made responsible confronting andor mitigating environmental problems study advances understanding young adults intentions learn energy conservation influencing factors well contributes literature environmental management environmental culture development used systematic random sample technique conduct largescale online survey 1454 students 48 different vietnamese universities employed bayesian regression model analyze data initial research indicates young adults highly concerned environment work done turn perceptions actions majority respondentsnearly 83want increase energysaving knowledge around 50 interested enrolling energy course decision regarding participation energy course largely influenced perception income women inclined take energysaving courses people lived rural areas stronger desire increase knowledge research various policy implications promoting energy transformation andor nurturing environmental cultures associated environmental education improvement vietnam beyond
|
https://doi.org/10.52041/serj.v12i2.303
|
Kim Capp|Frank P. Deane|Gordon Lambert
|
Suicide prevention in Aboriginal communities: application of community gatekeeper training
| 2,001 |
Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute|University of Wollongong|Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute|University of Wollongong|Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute|University of Wollongong
|
concern high rate suicide among aboriginal people south coast nsw led development project aimed preventing youth suicide aboriginal communities shoalhaven paper describes development implementation evaluation projectfollowing extensive consultation aboriginal community range culturally appropriate interventions developed main focus series community gatekeeper training workshops aimed increase potential members aboriginal community identify support people risk suicide facilitate access helping servicesevaluation workshops demonstrated increase participants knowledge suicide greater confidence identification people suicidal high levels intentions provide help attitudes subjective norms barriers predicted intentions helpthe project indicated community members could successfully trained recognition individuals risk suicidal behaviour gatekeepers attitudes perceived barriers helping predicted intentions help need need longerterm followup assess extent new knowledge skills used practicesuicide awareness skills training demonstrated effective early intervention strategy gatekeeper training empowers aboriginal communities generally accepted demand programs outside shoalhaven project methodological framework easily adapted communities
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2016.10.028
|
Espen Aarseth|Anthony M. Bean|Huub Boonen|Michelle Colder Carras|Mark Coulson|Dimitri Das|Jory Deleuze|Elza Dunkels|Johan Edman|Christopher J. Ferguson|Maria C. Haagsma|Karin Bergmark|Zaib Hussain|Jeroen Jansz|Daniel Kardefelt?Winther|Lawrence A. Kutner|Patrick M. Markey|Rune Kristian Lundedal Nielsen|Nicole Prause|Andrew K Przybylski|Thorsten Quandt|Adriano Schimmenti|Vladan Star?evi?|Gabrielle Stutman|Jan Van Looy|Antonius J. van Rooij
|
Scholars’ open debate paper on the World Health Organization ICD-11 Gaming Disorder proposal
| 2,017 |
IT University of Copenhagen|Framingham State University|University Colleges Leuven-Limburg|Johns Hopkins University|Middlesex University|UCLouvain|Umeå University|Stockholm University|Stetson University|Stockholm University|University of Derby|Erasmus University Rotterdam|Karolinska Institutet|Film Independent|Villanova University|IT University of Copenhagen|University of Oxford|University of Münster|Università degli Studi di Enna Kore|University of Sydney|Ghent University|Ghent University
|
concerns problematic gaming behaviors deserve full attention however claim far clear problems attributed new disorder empirical basis gaming disorder proposal new icd11 suffers fundamental issues main concerns low quality research base fact current operationalization leans heavily substance use gambling criteria lack consensus symptomatology assessment problematic gaming act formalizing disorder even proposal negative medical scientific publichealth societal human rights fallout considered particular concern moral panics around harm video gaming might result premature application diagnosis medical community treatment abundant falsepositive cases especially children adolescents second research locked confirmatory approach rather exploration boundaries normal versus pathological third healthy majority gamers affected negatively expect premature inclusion gaming disorder diagnosis icd11 cause significant stigma millions children play video games part normal healthy life point suggesting formal diagnoses categories premature icd11 proposal gaming disorder removed avoid waste public health resources well avoid causing harm healthy video gamers around world
|
https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.279.15.1211
|
Swati Sharma
|
Cultural Influences in Probabilistic Thinking
| 2,012 |
University of Waikato
|
concerns students difficulties statistics probability lack research area outside western countries led case study explored form five 14 16 year olds students ideas areathe study focussed probability descriptive statistics graphical representationsthis paper presents discusses ways students made sense probability constructs equally likely proportional reasoning obtained individual interviewsthe findings interpreted relation cultural perspectivethe findings revealed many students used strategies based cultural experiences beliefs everyday school experiences intuitive strategieswhile results study confirm number findings researchers findings go beyond discussed literaturethe use beliefs everyday school experiences considerably common discussed literaturethe paper concludes suggesting implications teachers researchers
|
https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.280.4.356
|
Katherine S. Button
|
Statistical Rigor and the Perils of Chance
| 2,016 |
University of Bath
|
concerns reliability reproducibility biomedical research voiced across several arenas commentary discuss poor appreciation role chance statistical inference contributes problem particular poor scientific design low statistical power questionable research practices post hoc hypothesizing undisclosed flexibility analyses yield high proportion falsepositive results discuss current publication funding system perpetuates poor practice rewarding positive yet often unreliable results rigorous methods conclude discussing scientists prevent fooled chance findings adopting well established often ignored methodological bestpracticethere increasing awareness problem unreliable findings across biomedical sciences ioannidis 2005 many landmark findings could replicated scott et al 2008 begley ellis 2012 steward et al 2012 many promising preclinical findings failed translate clinical application perel et al 2007 prinz et al 2011 leading many question whether science broken economist2013 central problem poor appreciation role chance scientific process neuroscience developed past 50 years many large easily observable effects found field likely pursuing smaller subtle effects corresponding growth computational capabilities moore 1998 means researchers run numerous tests single dataset matter minutes human brain processes randomness poorly huge potential undisclosed analytical flexibility modern datamanagement packages leaves researchers increasingly vulnerable fooled chanceresearchers cannot measure entire population interest take samples use statistical inference determine probability results
|
https://doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2016-0200-oa
|
Nicole Lokker|Lee Sanders|Eliana M. Perrin|Disha Kumar|Joanne Finkle|Vivian I. Franco|Leena Choi|Philip E. Johnston|Russell L. Rothman
|
Parental Misinterpretations of Over-the-Counter Pediatric Cough and Cold Medication Labels
| 2,009 |
UW Health University Hospital|University of Miami|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|Center for Health Care Services|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of Miami|Vanderbilt University Medical Center|Belmont University|Center for Health Care Services
|
concerns safety efficacy overthecounter cold medications led recent us food drug administration public health advisory use children 2 years age goal examine caregiver understanding age indication overthecounter cold medication labels identify factors associated caregiver understandingcaregivers infant children 1 year old recruited clinics 3 institutions questions administered regarding use 4 previously common infant overthecounter cold cough medicines labeled consult physician used children 2 years age literacy numeracy skills assessed validated instrumentsa total 182 caregivers recruited 87 infants mothers mean education level 125 years 99 adequate literacy skills 17 9thgrade numeracy skills examining front product label 86 time parents thought products appropriate use children 2 years age 50 time parents stated would give overthecounter products 13monthold child cold symptoms common factors influenced parental decisions included label saying infant graphics eg infants teddy bears droppers dosing directions caregivers influenced dosing directions 47 time caregivers lower numeracy skills likely provide inappropriate reasons giving overthecounter medicationmisunderstanding overthecounter cold products common could result harm medications given inappropriately label language graphics seem influence inappropriate interpretation overthecounter product age indications poorer parental numeracy skills may increase misinterpretation products opportunities exist food drug administration manufacturers revise existing labels improve parental comprehension enhance child safety
|
https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.9.s1.s76
|
Stuart J. Heckman|HanNa Lim|Catherine P. Montalto
|
Factors Related to Financial Stress among College Students
| 2,014 |
The Ohio State University|The Ohio State University|The Ohio State University
|
concerns debt loads financial worries negatively affect student wellness top priority many university administratorsfactors related financial stress among college students explored using roy adaptation model conceptual framework used health care applicationsresponses 2010 ohio student financial wellness survey analyzed using proportion tests multivariate logistic regressionsthe results show financial stress widespread among students 71 sample reported feeling stress personal financesthe results proportion tests logistic regressions show study successfully identified important financial stressors among college studentstwo important financial stressors enough money participate activities peers expecting higher amounts student loan debt graduationthe results also indicate students higher financial selfefficacy greater financial optimism future significantly less likely report financial stressimplications student life administrators policymakers financial counselors financial therapists discussed
|
https://doi.org/10.4103/2249-4863.214433
|
Quintí Foguet?Boreu|Concepció Violan|Albert Roso-Llorach|Teresa Rodríguez-Blanco|Mariona Pons?Vigués|Miguel Ángel Muñoz|Enriqueta Pujol?Ribera|José M Valderas
|
Impact of multimorbidity: acute morbidity, area of residency and use of health services across the life span in a region of south Europe
| 2,014 |
Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol|Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol|Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol|Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol|Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol|Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol|Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona|University of Exeter
|
concurrent diseases multiple pathologies multimorbidity patterns topics increased interest worlds population ages explore impact multimorbidity affected patients consequences health services designed study describe multimorbidity sex lifestage large population sample assess association acute morbidity area residency use health services crosssectional study conducted catalonia spain participants 1749710 patients aged 19 years 251 primary care teams primary outcome multimorbidity 2 chronic diseases secondary outcome number new events acute disease variables number acute diseases per patient sex age group 1924 2544 4564 6579 80 years urbanrural residence number visits 2010 multimorbidity present 468 95 ci 467468 sample increased age increased higher women rural areas prevalent pair chronic diseases hypertension lipid disorders patients older 45 years infections mainly upper respiratory infection common acute diagnoses women highest significant rr multimorbidity vs nonmultimorbidity found teethgum disease aged 1924 acute upper respiratory infection men rr positive significant teethgum disease aged 6579 adjusted analysis showed strongly positive association multimorbidity oldest women 80 years acute diseases women aged 6579 3 acute diseases compared patients acute diseases ranged 116 199 p 0001 living rural area significantly associated lower probability multimorbidity odds multimorbidity increased sharply number visits increased reaching highest probability aged 6579 years multimorbidity related greater use health care services higher incidence acute diseases increasing burden primary care services differences related sex lifestage observed multimorbidity acute diseases suggest research multimorbidity stratified according factors
|
https://doi.org/10.1363/4020208
|
Amie Shei|Federico Costa|Mitermayer Galvão dos Reis|Albert Icksang Ko
|
The impact of Brazil’s Bolsa Família conditional cash transfer program on children’s health care utilization and health outcomes
| 2,014 |
Analysis Group (United States)|Fundação Oswaldo Cruz|Fundação Oswaldo Cruz|Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
|
conditional cash transfer cct programs provide poor families cash conditional investments health education brazils bolsa famlia program began 2003 currently largest cct program world communitybased study examines impact bolsa famlia child health slum community large urban centerin 2010 detailed household surveys conducted randomly selected bolsa famlia beneficiaries nonbeneficiaries brazilian slum community approximately 14000 inhabitants large urban center 567 families 1266 children interviewed propensity score methods used control differences beneficiary nonbeneficiary children estimate program impacts health care utilization health outcomesbolsa famlia increased odds childrens visits health post preventive services children age seven bolsa famlia associated increased odds growth monitoring 31 95 ci 1951 vaccinations 28 95 ci 1454 checkups 16 95 ci 09825 number growth monitoring visits 06 p 0049 checkups 02 p 0068 positive spillover effects older siblings ages 717 longer required meet health conditionalities bolsa famlia increased odds growth monitoring 25 95 ci 1349 checkups 17 95 ci 0932 improved psychosocial health 26 p 0007bolsa famlia improved health care utilization especially services related health conditionalites positive spillover effects older siblings findings study promising also suggest improvements health may depend quality health care services provided scope services linked health conditionalities coordination social safety net programs
|
https://doi.org/10.5812/semj.81115
|
Karen Macours|Teresa Molina Millán|Tania Barham|John A. Maluccio|Marco Stampini
|
Long-Term Impacts of Conditional Cash Transfers: Review of the Evidence
| 2,019 |
University of Colorado Boulder|Middlebury College|Inter-American Development Bank
|
conditional cash transfer cct programs started late 1990s latin america become antipoverty program choice many developing countries region beyond paper reviews literature longterm impacts human capital related outcomes observed children reached later stage life cycle focusing two lifecycle transitions first includes children exposed ccts utero early childhood reached school ages second includes children exposed ccts school ages reached young adulthood studies find positive longterm effects schooling fewer find positive impacts cognitive skills learning socioemotional skills impacts employment earnings mixed possibly former beneficiaries often still young number studies find estimates statistically different zero often possible confident due actual lack impact rather methodological challenges facing longterm evaluations developing opportunities analyses rigorous identification strategies measurement longterm impacts high research agenda original beneficiaries age also increasingly possible indeed important concluding whether ccts lead sustainable poverty reduction
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0009.2010.00604.x
|
Gaurav Venkat Cuddapah|Pujitha Vallivedu Chennakesavulu|Pradeep Pentapurthy|Mounika Vallakati|Akhila Kongara|Preethi Reddivari|Sindhu Singareddy|Kamala Pragna Chandupatla|Miryala Swamy
|
Complications in Diabetes Mellitus: Social Determinants and Trends
| 2,022 |
Academy of Medical Sciences|Academy of Medical Sciences|St. Martinus University|Institute of Medical Sciences|Gandhi Medical College|Institute of Medical Sciences|Academy of Medical Sciences|Mediciti Institute of Medical Sciences|Academy of Medical Sciences
|
conditions impact individuals health referred social determinants health retrospective study january 2017february 2022 statistical analysis researchers looked relationship social demands type 2 diabetes mellitus t2dm diagnosis social demands exception childcare typically documented patients t2dm prescription expense conveyance health literacy domains greatest relationships results might help health systems social service providers develop collaborations help certain areas
|
https://doi.org/10.1097/phh.0000000000000391
|
Karsten Maurer|Dennis F. Lock
|
Comparison of Learning Outcomes for Simulation-based and Traditional Inference Curricula in a Designed Educational Experiment
| 2,016 | null |
conducting inference cornerstone upon practice statistics based large portion introductory statistics courses focused teaching fundamentals statistical inference goal study make formal comparison learning outcomes traditional simulationbased inference curricula randomized experiment conducted administer two curricula students introductory statistics course students simulationbased curriculum found improved learning outcomes topics statistical inference however clear violation betweenstudent independence due group administration curriculum treatments casts considerable doubt statistical significance results simulation study used demonstrate volatility type error rates educational studies classroom level covariance structures exist comparisons made student level
|
https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-48.3.20
|
Eric D. Perakslis
|
Using digital health to enable ethical health research in conflict and other humanitarian settings
| 2,018 | null |
conducting research humanitarian setting requires quantifiable quality measures ensure ethical study conduct digital health technologies proven improve research study quality efficacy via automated data collection improvement data reliability fidelity resilience improved data provenance traceability additionally digital health methodologies improve patient identity patient privacy study transparency data sharing competent informed consent confidentiality security humanitarian operations seem counterintuitive press forward aggressively digital technologies time heightened population vulnerability cyber security concerns new approaches essential meet rapidly increasing demands humanitarian research paper present case digital modernization humanitarian research conflict humanitarian settings vehicle improved research quality ethics
|
https://doi.org/10.4103/0301-4738.182937
|
Xiaofei Wang|Nicholas G. Reich|Nicholas J. Horton
|
Enriching Students’ Conceptual Understanding of Confidence Intervals: An Interactive Trivia-Based Classroom Activity
| 2,018 |
Yale University|Amherst College
|
confidence intervals provide way determine plausible values population parameter omnipresent research articles involving statistical analyses appropriately key statistical literacy learning objective ability interpret understand confidence intervals wide range settings instructors devote considerable amount time effort ensure students master topic introductory courses beyond yet studies continue find confidence intervals commonly misinterpreted even experts trouble calibrating individual confidence levels article present tenminute trivia gamebased activity addresses misconceptions exposing students confidence intervals personal perspective describe activity integrated statistics course onetime activity repetition intervals throughout course discuss results using activity class present possible extensions
|
https://doi.org/10.4103/jnms.jnms_57_20
|
Hsiao Ling Yang|Yueh?Chih Chen|Jou?Kou Wang|Bih?Shya Gau|Philip Moons
|
An Evaluation of Disease Knowledge in Dyads of Parents and Their Adolescent Children With Congenital Heart Disease
| 2,013 |
National Taiwan University|National Taiwan University Hospital|Hungkuang University|KU Leuven|National Taiwan University|National Taiwan University Hospital|Hungkuang University|KU Leuven|National Taiwan University|National Taiwan University Hospital|Hungkuang University|KU Leuven|National Taiwan University|National Taiwan University Hospital|Hungkuang University|KU Leuven|National Taiwan University|National Taiwan University Hospital|Hungkuang University|KU Leuven
|
congenital heart disease cghd considered chronic disease many patients adopt healthy lifestyle avoid complications patients cghd parents need good knowledge heart defect consequencesthe aims study evaluate patient parental knowledge cghd explore related factors respective disease knowledgethis study included 116 dyads adolescents cghd 431 male adolescents aged 1218 years one parents 793 mothers median age 46 years participants completed leuven knowledge questionnaire congenital heart disease calculated correct rate score determine overall disease knowledge respondentsthe correct rate score 388 adolescents cghd 514 parents 769 p 001 determinant knowledge parents educational level standardized estimate 6160 p 001 adolescents knowledge determined age standardized estimate 2242 p 002 parental knowledge standardized estimate 0311 p 001although parents significantly greater disease knowledge children level knowledge parents adolescents suboptimal parents knowledge influenced adolescents knowledge educational interventions target adolescent patients parents transition programs play pivotal role respect
|
https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1709_20
|
Salimah H. Meghani|Jesse Chittams|Alexandra L. Hanlon|Joseph Curry
|
Measuring preferences for analgesic treatment for cancer pain: How do African-Americans and Whites perform on choice-based conjoint (CBC) analysis experiments?
| 2,013 |
University of Pennsylvania|University of Pennsylvania|University of Pennsylvania
|
conjoint analysis ca serve important tool study health disparities unique factors underlying decisionmaking diverse subgroups however methodological advancements needed exploiting application ca compared internal external predictive validity intertemporal stability choicebasedconjoint cbc analysis africanamericans whites clinical context preferences analgesic treatment cancer painwe conducted prospective study repeatedmeasures two timepoints t1 baseline t2 3months africanamericans n 102 whites n 139 cancerrelated pain recruited outpatient oncology clinics philadelphia informed pilot work computerassisted cbc experiment developed using 5 attributes analgesic treatment type analgesic expected pain relief type sideeffects severity sideeffects outofpocket cost design included 2 choice alternatives 12 random tasks 2 holdout tasks maximum 6 levels per attribute internal external predictive validity cbc estimated using root likelihood rlh mean absolute error mae respectively intertemporal stability assessed using cohens kappawhites predominantly traded based pain relief whereas africanamericans traded based type sideeffects timepoints internal validity rlh slightly higher whites africanamericans rlh africanamericans improved t2 possibly due learning effect lexicographic dominant behavior observed 29 choice datasets whites likely africanamericans engage lexicographic behavior 60 vs 40 external validity mae slightly better africanamericans whites timepoints mae t1 304 africanamericans 402 whites t2 804 africanamericans 1024 whites t2 mae increased groups possibly reflecting increase complexity pain treatment decisionmaking based expectations t1 opposed reality t2 intertemporal stability fair cbc attributes t1 t2 kappa 028 95 ci 024032 predicted demographics including racewhile found slight group differences overall internal external predictive validity cbc comparable africanamericans whites discuss areas investigate improve internal external predictive validity cbc experiments
|
https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5545.86819
|
Susan M. Sheridan|John W. Eagle|Richard Cowan|William T. Mickelson
|
The Effects of Conjoint Behavioral Consultation Results of a 4-Year Investigation
| 2,001 |
University of Nebraska–Lincoln|University of Nebraska–Lincoln|University of Nebraska–Lincoln|University of Nebraska–Lincoln
|
conjoint behavioral consultation cbc structured indirect form service delivery parents teachers support staff joined work together address academic social behavioral needs individual parties bear responsibility article outcome data 4 years federally funded projects area cbc presented thirty graduate students trained cbc responsible providing consultation services parents teachers students disabilities risk academic failure consultation clients included 52 students disabilities behavior disorders attentiondeficit hyperactivity disorder anxiety learning disabilities primary research objective concerned assessing efficacy cbc across home school settings secondarily prediction model investigated based client age case complexity severity symptoms perception effectiveness process acceptability consultee satisfaction consultants also investigated meaningful effect sizes yielded across home school settings model fitting client age symptom severity found predict school effect size relatively well consultees perceptions effectiveness acceptability cbc satisfaction consultants also favorable implications findings directions future research explored
|
https://doi.org/10.1590/s1516-31802003000200010
|
Jun Yang Lee|Carina Chan|Siew Siang Chua|Chirk Jenn Ng|Thomas Paraidathathu|Kenneth Kwing Chin Lee|Shaun Wen Huey Lee
|
Telemonitoring and Team-Based Management of Glycemic Control on People with Type 2 Diabetes: a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial
| 2,019 |
Monash University Malaysia|La Trobe University|Taylor's University|University of Malaya|Taylor's University|Monash University Malaysia|Taylor's University
|
connected devices allow people diabetes monitor blood glucose levels remotely data visualization shown improve selfcare behavior diabetes management however effectiveness usability lowmiddleincome racially diverse population unknownthis study aims evaluate effects remote telemonitoring teambased management people uncontrolled type 2 diabetesthis pragmatic 52week clusterrandomized controlled study among 11 primary care government practices malaysiapeople type 2 diabetes aged 18 hemoglobin a1c 75 less 110 within past 3 months resided state selangorthe intervention group received home glucotelemonitors transmitted glucose data care team could adjust therapy accordingly team also facilitated selfmanagement supporting participants improve medication adherence encourage healthier lifestyle use resources reduce risk factors usual care group received routine healthcare servicethe primary outcome change hba1c 24 weeks 52 weeks secondary outcomes included change fasting plasma glucose blood pressure lipid levels healthrelated quality life diabetes selfefficacya total 240 participants recruited study telemonitoring group reported larger improvements glycemic control compared control end study week 24 005 95 ci 010 000 followup week 52 003 007 002 p 0226 similarly differences secondary outcomes observed including number adverse events healthrelated quality lifethis study indicates limited benefit replacing telemedicine current practice selfmonitoring blood glucose innovative methods improve patient engagement diabetes care neededclinicaltrialsgov identifier nct02466880
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0009.2012.00662.x
|
Kimberly D. Mueller|Rebecca L. Koscik|Lyn S. Turkstra|Sarah K. Riedeman|Asenath LaRue|Lindsay R. Clark|Bruce P. Hermann|Mark A. Sager|Sterling C. Johnson
|
Connected Language in Late Middle-Aged Adults at Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease
| 2,016 |
University of Wisconsin–Madison|University of Wisconsin–Madison|University of Wisconsin–Madison|University of Wisconsin–Madison|University of Wisconsin–Madison|University of Wisconsin–Madison|University of Wisconsin–Madison|University of Wisconsin–Madison|University of Wisconsin–Madison|William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital|Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center
|
connected language often impaired among people alzheimers disease ad yet little known language difficulties first emerge path clinical diagnosis objective study determine whether individuals psychometric preclinical evidence amnestic mild cognitive impairment pmci showed deficits connected language measures participants 39 pmci 39 cognitively healthy ch adults drawn wisconsin registry alzheimers prevention matched age literacy sex participants completed connected language task described cookie theft picture boston diagnostic aphasia examination language samples analyzed across three language domains content syntactic complexity speech fluency paired ttests used compare ch pmci groups variables cohens effect sizes calculated comparison ch pmci groups differed significantly measures content eg ch group produced semantic units unique words larger idea density average pmci group picture description findings consistent previous retrospective studies showing semantic language differences adults autopsyconfirmed ad given comparisons cognitively healthy pmci individuals clinical mci diagnosis findings may represent subtle language difficulty spontaneous speech may predictive larger language changes time
|
https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2009-2828
|
Leigh Ann Perry|Denise Kendrick|Rosie Morris|Susie Dinan|Tahir Masud|Dawn A. Skelton|Steve Iliffe
|
Completion and Return of Fall Diaries Varies With Participants' Level of Education, First Language, and Baseline Fall Risk
| 2,011 |
Washington University Medical Center|George Washington University|University of Nottingham|University College London|University College London|Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust|Glasgow Caledonian University|University College London
|
consensus guidelines recommend use prospective fall diaries studies fall rates sought determine characteristics associated return successful completion falls diary whether characteristics gender education level native language income falls risk influenced selfreported fall ratestwo hundred seventy people aged 65 years older participating randomized controlled trial evaluating two exercise programmes fall diaries collected 6 months evaluated correct completion falls reportedan increasing risk falls associated reducing odds returning diaries odds ratio one unit increase falls risk assessment tool score 071 95 confidence interval 053096 native english speakers likely complete half diaries correctly odds ratio 263 95 confidence interval 120575problems arise correct completion falls diaries among english first language diaries may underreport rate falls higher risk less likely return diaries likely report falls careful consideration given analysis falls diaries missing data unlikely missing completely random recommend additional training use falls diaries groups utilization simpler instruments
|
https://doi.org/10.4103/jnms.jnms_21_18
|
F. Wang|Paul J. Veugelers
|
Self?esteem and cognitive development in the era of the childhood obesity epidemic
| 2,008 |
University of Alberta|University of Alberta
|
consequences obesity mental health cognitive development established degree chronic diseases study aims document interrelationships body weight selfesteem school performance childhood height weight measurements selfreport selfesteem diet quality physical activity 4945 grade 5 students linked standardized literacy test results structural equation models applied confirm hypothesized relationships body weight selfesteem school performance revealed body weight affected selfesteem negatively school performance affected selfesteem positively body weight affect school performance selfesteem affect neither body weight school performance subsequent multilevel logistic regression showed obese students relative normal weight students likely 144 95 ci 112184 students good school performance relative performing poor less likely 039 95 ci 026058 low selfesteem diet quality active living positive effects school performance selfesteem study findings establish obesity risk factor low selfesteem add rationale promote healthy eating active living among children youth prevent chronic diseases improve mental health cognitive development
|
https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-1645
|
Diego Valbuena|Olaf Erenstein|Sabine Homann-Kee Tui|Tahirou Abdoulaye|L. Claessens|Alan Duncan|Bruno Gérard|Mariana C. Rufino|Nils Teufel|André F. van Rooyen|Mark van Wijk
|
Conservation Agriculture in mixed crop–livestock systems: Scoping crop residue trade-offs in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia
| 2,012 |
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center|Wageningen University & Research|International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics|International Potato Center|International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center|International Livestock Research Institute|Indian Institute of Natural Resins and Gums|Wageningen University & Research|International Livestock Research Institute
|
conservation agriculture ca advocated enhance soil health sustain long term crop productivity developing world one cas key principles maintenance soil cover often retaining proportion crop residues field mulch yet smallholder croplivestock systems across africa asia face tradeoffs among various options crop residue use knowledge potential tradeoffs leaving residues mulch partial objective research address knowledge gaps assessing tradeoffs contrasting settings mixed croplivestock systems paper draws village surveys 12 sites 9 different countries across subsahara africa south asia sites clustered 3 groups along combined population livestock density gradients assess current crop residue management practices explore potential challenges adopting mulching practices different circumstances results show although highdensity sites face higher potential pressure resources area basis biomass production tends substantial sites covering demands livestock feed allowing part residues used mulch mediumdensity sites although population livestock densities relatively lower biomass scarce pressure land feed high increasing pressure crop residues opportunity cost mulch lowdensity areas population livestock densities relatively low communal feed fuel resources exist resulting lower potential pressure residues area basis yet biomass production low farmers largely rely crop residues feed livestock long dry season implying substantial opportunity costs use mulch despite potential benefit smallholder farmers across density gradient introduction cabased mulching practices appears potentially easier sites biomass production high enough fulfil existing demands feed fuel sites relatively high feed fuel pressure eventual introduction ca needs complementary research development efforts increase biomass production andor develop alternative sources alleviate opportunity costs leaving crop residues mulch
|
https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-3393
|
George Holmes|Jonathan Carruthers?Jones|Graham Huggan|Eveline R. de Smalen|Katie Ritson|Pavla Šimková
|
Mainstreaming the humanities in conservation
| 2,021 |
University of Leeds|University of Leeds|University of Leeds|Rachel Carson Center for Environment and Society|Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München|Rachel Carson Center for Environment and Society|Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München|Rachel Carson Center for Environment and Society|Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
|
conservation biologyearly view diversityopen access mainstreaming humanities conservation george holmes corresponding author george holmes gholmesleedsacuk orcidorg0000000253935753 school earth environment university leeds leeds uk correspondence george holmes school earth environment university leeds leeds ls2 9jt uk email gholmesleedsacuksearch papers authorjonathan carruthersjones jonathan carruthersjones orcidorg0000000203122455 school english university leeds leeds uksearch papers authorgraham huggan graham huggan orcidorg0000000233751033 school english university leeds leeds uksearch papers authoreveline r de smalen eveline r de smalen rachel carson center environment society lmu munich munich germanysearch papers authorkatie ritson katie ritson orcidorg0000000206658597 rachel carson center environment society lmu munich munich germanysearch papers authorpavla imkov pavla imkov rachel carson center environment society lmu munich munich germanysearch papers author george holmes corresponding author george holmes gholmesleedsacuk orcidorg0000000253935753 school earth environment university leeds leeds uk correspondence george holmes school earth environment university leeds leeds ls2 9jt uk email gholmesleedsacuksearch papers authorjonathan carruthersjones jonathan carruthersjones orcidorg0000000203122455 school english university leeds leeds uksearch papers authorgraham huggan graham huggan orcidorg0000000233751033 school english university leeds leeds uksearch papers authoreveline r de smalen eveline r de smalen rachel carson center environment society lmu munich munich germanysearch papers authorkatie ritson katie ritson orcidorg0000000206658597 rachel carson center environment society lmu munich munich germanysearch papers authorpavla imkov pavla imkov rachel carson center environment society lmu munich munich germanysearch papers author first published 23 august 2021 httpsdoiorg101111cobi13824 article impact statement including humanities research alongside natural social science make conservation fairer effective aboutsectionspdf toolsrequest permissionexport citationadd favoritestrack citation shareshare give accessshare full text accessshare fulltext accessplease review terms conditions use check box share fulltext version articlei read accept wiley online library terms conditions useshareable linkuse link share fulltext version article friends colleagues learn morecopy url share linkshare onfacebooktwitterlinked inredditwechat environment humanities subject anthropogenic biodiversity loss definition human social issue understanding humans societies essential part mitigating biodiversity loss conservation must engage relevant knowledge recent years push mainstream social sciences conservation science practice policy counterpoint perceived dominance natural sciences bennett et al 2017 driven growing recognition natural sciences alone insufficient address conservation problems conservation biology become increasingly diverse everwidening range interdisciplinary approaches reflected academic journals scholarly institutions scientific societies conservation organizations well grounded conservation work yet conservation fully think like human adams 2007a necessary step solving conservation problemsit must become interdisciplinary still integrating environmental humanities conservation education science practice environmental humanities emerged recent decades broad interdisciplinary movement geared toward understanding relationship society nonhuman environment key questions revolve around language meaning history culture value ethicsfoundational areas humanities research recognizes knowledge inseparable human subjectivity current future social ecological needs best served greater understanding culture values small 2013 movement based concepts methods although also drawing traditional sciencebased disciplines primarily derived humanities disciplines literary cultural studies history philosophy religious studies emmett nye 2017 time environmental humanities shows humanities research human beings even likely interrogate human arrogance celebrate human achievement question idea human rose et al 2012 although humanities scholarship human broad sometimes encompassing subjects directly related conservation domestic animals puts interactions nonhuman species natural environments humans particularly ethics relationships center approach recent examples include work multispecies ethnography kirksey 2014 humananimal studies marvin 2019 postcolonial ecocriticism huggan tiffin 2015 environmental humanities produced sizeable body relevant work journals conferences research centers degrees yet still largely unintegrated conservation although offers unique useful insights perspectives defining conservation humanities consider conservation humanities emergent subsection environmental humanities focuses biodiversity loss efforts address studies efforts humanistic ideas methods provides insights questions human culture values history behavior including conservationists upon seek act following sandbrook et als 2013 crude useful distinction social science conservation humanities scholarship encompasses pure research conservation studying conservation social cultural phenomenon eg drayton 2005 applied research conservation aiming contribute conservations normative mission address biodiversity loss providing detailed understanding humanitys interactions nature illuminating possibilities improvement szab hdl 2011 like broader environmental humanities conservation humanities incorporates many disciplines methods sources data literary media scholars considered nature biodiversity loss represented fiction nature writing nature broadcasting analyzed stories conservationists others tell natural world investigated narratives turn shaped biodiversity loss conservation actions huggan 2013 historians used written sources oral histories explore human actions time influenced biodiversity changes biodiversity reshaped human society culture rotherham 2014 also charted history conservation movement particularly influence key drivers change imperialism scientific progress economic transformation drayton 2005 gissibl 2016 cultural anthropologists human geographers operating fuzzy boundary humanities social science undertaken similar research contemporary cases west 2006 often drawing marginalized modes knowledge understanding indigenous perspectives philosophers examined key concepts ethical principles underpinning conservation science identifying ways humans nonhumans live convivially haraway 2008 despite work conservationrelated topics within university humanities departments approaches rarely integrated conservation science efforts ethicists religious scholars philosophers historians particular publish conservation journals work within conservation structures iucn task forces scb working groups without necessarily making claims humanities disciplines broadly eg pooley 2014 szab hdl 2011 humanities approaches literary media studies largely absent present conservationists humanities training sandbrook et als 2019 global survey 9264 conservationists found 3 respondents reporting trained humanities compared 60 reported training natural sciences conservation degrees focus overwhelmingly biological sciences despite longstanding calls greater interdisciplinarity gardner 2020 moreover conservationists natural scientists rarely contributed environmental humanities journals conferences emerged recent decades indictment environmental humanities mainstream conservation science despite volume quality respective work shared interests two worlds exist largely parallel goes policy action humanities scholars slow engage work direct policy relevance remain underrepresented global conservation structures ipbes despite calls greater inclusion turnhout et al 2012 vadrot et al 2016 humanities contribution conservation view engaging humanities make conservation scienceand practicebetter vice versa bringing new questions methods ways thinking may make comfortable easy conversations given humanities research capacity tendency challenge key concepts unspoken assumptions shibboleths conservation admittedly potential difficulties use different forms data evidence humanities particularly qualitative methods strongly grounded specific times places rather generalizable quantitative research many natural scientists aspire following experience social scientists humanities researchers may also find critical exploration assumptions underpinning global conservation movement especially surrounding controversial practices topics ends generating frustration alongside insight redford 2011 humanities scholars need willing step discipline engage sufficient scientific literacy humility rather critiquing high afar recognize diversity disciplines views already extant within conservation recent critical work relevance conservation science accommodates capacious topics extinction van dooren 2014 landscape ingold 2020 ex situ conservation braverman 2015 politics nature wildlife conservation lorimer 2015 role emotions wildlife conservation jrgensen 2019 cultural representations wildlife influence emotions weik von mossner 2014 meaning value biodiversity garson 2019 course topics new conservation biology humanities disciplines tend examine differently placing particular emphasis meanings carry histories built often unacknowledged attitudes underpinning provide example current work corridor talk project httpsconservationhumanitiescom examines european national parks situated national borders interested role parks play local perceptions place identity human animal movements exploring conservation refracted multiple languages cultures work covers established conservation topics humanwildlife interactions invasive species wildness ecological corridors connectivity uses different theories methods typically deployed natural scientist colleagues emphasize questions belongs humans nonhumans places within outside protected area boundaries social ecological processes legitimate different conservation futures places enabled constrained political cultural context currently located use textbased approaches explore geomorphology ecology parks represented writings images representations shaped decisions made conservation use historical documents explore problem species parks understood classified different places periods practical consequences use visual ethnography explore humans animals move parks leads conflict coexistence whether participatory video provide new solutions longstanding humanwildlife conflicts approaches challenge conservationists engage afresh way protected landscapes inhabitants valued imagined conservation humanities approach also draw attention perspectives marginalized silenced neglected potential enrich conservation debates extensive humanities social sciences work topics indigenous peoples colonialism essential part efforts create representative inclusive conservation movement adams mulligan 2002 work humanities scholars cultural institutions often work museums conduit bringing voices marginalized conversation white male western natural scientists tend dominate conservation discourse chambers 2017 sandbrook et al 2019 integrating humanities ensure conservation research focuses truth seeking also informs facilitates dialogues plural values visions related conserve thus help conservation aim agonistic pluralism rather illusory consensus matulis moyer 2017 although conservation overall diverse divided sandbrook et al 2019 statistically significant differences views values conservationists related disciplinary training integrating humanities route toward greater diversity conservation come rethink conservation todaywhat conservation aims best go itit seems incumbent us draw natural social sciences also insights provided humanities disciplines conservation projects truly interdisciplinary embedding humanities insights start integral part process rather adding end solely facilitate communication models kind work elsewhere fields environmental justice river management mould et al 2018 humanities integrated research practice leading reflective better science effective equitable solutions society conservation biology consider humanities culture working group sit alongside existing social science working group advocate facilitate strengthen humanities training research conservation application conservation practice calls incorporate humanities research conservation bodies decisionmaking structures may new need heeding ever acknowledgments work undertaken part research project corridor talk conservation humanities future europes national parks funded jointly arts humanities research council uk deutsche forschungsgemeinschaft germany literature cited adams w mulligan 2002 decolonizing nature strategies conservation postcolonial era oxford routledge google scholar adams w 2007 thinking like human social science two cultures problem oryx 413 275 76 crossrefweb sciencegoogle scholar bennett n j roth r klain c chan k clark cullman g verssimo 2017 mainstreaming social sciences conservation conservation biology 311 56 66 wiley online librarypubmedweb sciencegoogle scholar braverman 2015 wild life institution nature stanford ca stanford university press crossrefgoogle scholar chambers de angelis ianniciello c orabona et al 2017 postcolonial museum arts memory pressures history oxford routledge google scholar drayton r 2005 natures government science imperialism improvement world new ct yale university press google scholar emmett r nye 2017 environmental humanities critical introduction cambridge mit press crossrefgoogle scholar gardner c j 2020 teaching practice undergraduate conservation training uk universities lacks interdisciplinarity environmental conservation 481 1 6 web sciencegoogle scholar garson j 2019 routledge handbook philosophy biodiversity oxford routledge google scholar gissibl b 2016 nature german imperialism conservation politics wildlife colonial east africa new york berghahn crossrefgoogle scholar haraway 2008 species meet minneapolis mn university minnesota press google scholar huggan g 2013 natures saviours celebrity conservationists television age oxford routledge crossrefgoogle scholar huggan g tiffin h 2015 postcolonial ecocriticism literature animals environment oxford routledge crossrefgoogle scholar ingold 2020 correspondences oxford john wiley sons google scholar jrgensen 2019 recovering lost species modern age histories longing belonging cambridge mit press crossrefgoogle scholar kirksey e 2014 multispecies salon durham nc duke university press crossrefgoogle scholar lorimer j 2015 wildlife anthropocene conservation nature minneapolis mn university minnesota press crossrefgoogle scholar marvin g 2019 routledge handbook humananimal studies oxford routledge google scholar matulis b moyer j r 2017 beyond inclusive conservation value pluralism need agonism case social instrumentalism conservation letters 103 279 287 wiley online libraryweb sciencegoogle scholar mould fryirs k howitt r 2018 practicing sociogeomorphology relationships dialog river research management society natural resources 311 106 120 crossrefweb sciencegoogle scholar pooley 2014 historians venus ecologists mars conservation biology 276 1481 wiley online libraryweb sciencegoogle scholar redford k h 2011 misreading conservation landscape oryx 453 324 330 crossrefweb sciencegoogle scholar rotherham 2014 ecohistory introduction biodiversity conservation cambridge white horse press google scholar rose b van dooren chrulew cooke kearnes et al 2012 thinking environment unsettling humanities environmental humanities 11 1 5 crossrefpubmedweb sciencegoogle scholar sandbrook c adams w bscher b vira b 2013 social research biodiversity conservation conservation biology 276 1487 1490 wiley online librarypubmedweb sciencegoogle scholar sandbrook c fisher j holmes g luquelora r keane 2019 global conservation movement diverse divided nature sustainability 24 316 323 crossrefweb sciencegoogle scholar small h 2013 value humanities oxford oxford university press crossrefgoogle scholar szab p hdl r 2011 advancing integration history ecology conservation conservation biology 254 680 687 wiley online librarypubmedweb sciencegoogle scholar turnhout e bloomfield b hulme vogel j wynne b et al 2012 listen voices experience nature 4887412 454 455 crossrefcaspubmedweb sciencegoogle scholar vadrot b jetzkowitz j stringer l c 2016 ipbes disciplinary gaps still gaping nature 5307589 160 crossrefcaspubmedweb sciencegoogle scholar van dooren 2014 flight ways life loss edge extinction new york columbia university press google scholar weik von mossner 2014 moving environments affect emotion ecology film waterloo wlu press google scholar west p 2006 conservation government politics ecology papua new guinea durham nc duke university press crossrefgoogle scholar early viewonline version record inclusion issue referencesrelatedinformation
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2014.09.015
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Reed F. Noss
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The Naturalists Are Dying off
| 1,996 | null |
conservation biologyvolume 10 issue 1 p 13 free access naturalists dying reed f noss reed f nosssearch papers author reed f noss reed f nosssearch papers author first published february 1996 httpsdoiorg101046j15231739199610010001xcitations 78aboutpdf toolsrequest permissionexport citationadd favoritestrack citation shareshare give accessshare full text accessshare fulltext accessplease review terms conditions use check box share fulltext version articlei read accept wiley online library terms conditions useshareable linkuse link share fulltext version article friends colleagues learn morecopy url share linkshare onemailfacebooktwitterlinkedinredditwechat citing literature volume10 issue1february 1996pages 13 relatedinformation
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https://doi.org/10.1080/03057267.2012.655037
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Dennis C. Mueller|Thomas Stratmann
|
The economic effects of democratic participation
| 2,003 |
Vienna University of Economics and Business|University of Vienna|George Mason University
|
considerable concern expressed recent years declines voter participation rates united states several major democratic countries feel low participation rates introduce class bias political process thereby worsen outcomes little empirical work exists however measures effects lower participation welfare country paper begins fill void presents crossnational evidence high levels democratic participation associated equal distributions income papers results also imply however reduction income inequality comes cost high participation rates related larger government sectors turn lead slower economic growth also present evidence capture government upper income groups latin central american countries
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.05.008
|
William B. Grant|Alan N. Peiris
|
Differences in vitamin D status may account for unexplained disparities in cancer survival rates between African and white Americans
| 2,012 |
Sunlight Nutrition and Health Research Center|Mountain Home VA Healthcare System|East Tennessee State University
|
considerable disparities cancer survival rates exist african americans aas white americans various factors differences socioeconomic status ses cancer stage time diagnosis treatmentwhich analysis considers primary explanatory factorshave accounted many differences additional factor usually considered vitamin previous studies inversely correlated higher solar ultravioletb uvb doses serum 25hydroxyvitamin 25ohd concentrations incidence andor mortality rates 20 types cancer improved survival rates eight types cancer darker skin pigmentation aas 40 lower serum 25ohd concentrations study reviews literature disparities cancer survival aas journal literature indicates disparities 13 types cancer consideration ses stage diagnosis treatment bladder breast colon endometrial lung ovarian pancreatic prostate rectal testicular vaginal cancer hodgkin lymphoma melanoma solar uvb doses andor serum 25ohd concentrations reported inversely correlated incidence andor mortality rates cancers finding suggests future studies consider serum 25ohd concentrations addressing cancer survival disparities measurements serum 25ohd concentrations increasing serum 25ohd concentrations diagnosed cancer leading improved survival rates reduced disparities
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2009.12.007
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Megan M. McClelland|Shauna L. Tominey|Sara A. Schmitt|Bridget E. Hatfield|David J. Purpura|Christopher R. Gonzales|Alexis Tracy
|
Red Light, Purple Light! Results of an Intervention to Promote School Readiness for Children From Low-Income Backgrounds
| 2,019 |
Oregon State University|Oregon State University|Purdue University West Lafayette|Oregon State University|Purdue University West Lafayette|University of California, Davis|Oregon State University
|
considerable research examined interventions facilitate school readiness skills young children one intervention red light purple light circle time games rlpl tominey mcclelland 2011 schmitt et al 2015 includes music movement games aim foster selfregulation skills present study n 157 focused children families lowincome compared rlpl intervention sr revised version rlpl included literacy math content sr businessasusual bau control group versions intervention teachers trained administer selfregulation intervention preschool classrooms coaching support although statistically significant children receiving either version intervention gained selfregulation headtoeskneesshoulders htks preschool year compared bau group 009 p 0082 cohens 031 effect sizes similar previous studies schmitt et al 2015 duncan et al 2018 translated 21 difference selfregulation bau group posttest furthermore children participating either version intervention gained significantly math across school year compared children bau group 014 p 0003 cohens 038 translated 24 difference math bau group posttest results somewhat stronger sr version although effect sizes across intervention conditions comparable statistically significant differences across groups literacy skills results extend previous research suggest rlpl intervention includes explicit focus selfregulation music movement games may improve childrens selfregulation math scores preschool year
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2012.11.006
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