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b8d2115f965bf9c55a46a7f87be83c6f | Who gets tics? | While people of all ages can experience tics, they are most prevalent in children. Experts say that around 25% of children experience tics. And tics are far more likely to affect boys than girls. |
447009bc337b1bd79c9d990595588127 | What is benign essential blepharospasm? | Blepharospasm refers to the muscles of one or both eyelids twitching uncontrollably. This often occurs repeatedly over a sustained period of time. In extreme cases, which are rare, benign essential blepharospasm may also involve the eyebrows, mouth, and neck. |
14907948551a716e8816284271437e65 | How do doctors identify and diagnose tic disorders? | Doctors use four characteristics to identify and diagnose tic disorders: the age when tics began duration of the tics severity of the tics whether tics are motor or vocal or both Transient tic disorder. |
5c07c3ddc3be145cd6b9321bcaa2b1c0 | How are tic disorders treated? | The treatment for tic disorders depends on the severity of the condition. In many instances, no treatment is needed and the tics will resolve on their own. In other cases, doctors may prescribe behavioral therapy, medication, or a combination of the two. Behavioral therapy helps people learn to manage their tic symptoms and reduce tic frequency. Medications are typically used to reduce tic frequency and enhance a person's daily life. This usually does not result in the complete remission of tic symptoms. |
c9105cca1bbb74d29288fe8046ae34ae | What are chronic motor or vocal tic disorders? | While transient tics disappear within a year, chronic tics can last for a year or more. Chronic tic disorder is characterized by the presence of one or more long-lasting tics. They may be either motor or vocal, but not both. |
68ec6c945e3b866bf564f0ab2e3647ec | What is a transient tic disorder? | It affects between 5% and 25% of school-age children. Transient tic disorder is characterized by the presence of one or more tics for at least one month but less than one year. The majority of tics seen in this disorder are motor tics, though vocal tics may also be present. Many children with the disorder experience multiple episodes of the transient tics, which may vary in how they manifest over time. |
84f8aa3d0f5c16500b5deabab5023b49 | What is hiatal hernia? | If the hiatus weakens and stretches, part of the stomach can squeeze into the chest cavity, producing a hiatal hernia. |
a48661faea14ddba3f92c3ca26802b9e | What is sliding hiatal hernia? | In a sliding hiatal hernia, the junction where the stomach and the esophagus meets slides up into the chest through the hiatus. This is the more common type of hernia. Generally, sliding hiatal hernias pose no threat to a person's health unless he or she develops symptoms of GERD, gastrointestinal reflux disease. |
0e91f1855ea38f6b1c4672e1e965c2c0 | What is paraesophageal hernias? | Paraesophageal hernias are less common but are more cause for concern. The junction of the esophagus and stomach stays in its normal locations, but part of the stomach squeezes through the hiatus, landing it next to the esophagus. Although you can have this type of hernia without any symptoms, the danger is that the stomach can become "strangled," or have its blood supply shut off. |
c96703a5a3d465ed173db30608da1fac | How can you help someone who has depression to follow their treatment plan? | Consider turning to support groups, either for the depressed person, or for you as his or her family member. |
133154fdbdb2c33b906978386ea865ad | What are the symptoms of spine fractures? | That makes it hard for doctors to diagnose the problem early on. But over time, symptoms of a spinal fracture may include: Sudden, severe back pain Pain that gets worse when you stand or walk Trouble bending or twisting your body Loss of height A curved, stooped shape to your spine Fractures in the lower spine often cause greater pain and trouble moving than those in the upper spine. |
d8e2fe77430f4265c6c11805c4a7d799 | What is the treatment for spine fractures? | You'll probably get medicine to relieve your pain while the fracture heals. Your doctor will also encourage you to move around as soon as possible. Physical therapy might be a good idea, too -- a therapist can teach you exercises to help with your injury. Some people need more support for their spine with a brace or surgery. Having one fracture means you're more likely to have another, so your doctor may also talk to you about taking medicines that treat osteoporosis and make your bones stronger. |
fe970e112be5a46ce61407a30912ab90 | What can cause dandruff? | Several things can cause dandruff: Seborrheic dermatitis: This is oily, itchy, irritated skin that flakes off on your scalp. It also can happen with your eyebrows, groin, or chest hair. Contact dermatitis: Hair care products like shampoo, gel, or dye can irritate your scalp and cause redness, itchiness, and flakes. Fungus called malassezia is a yeast that thrives on the oil on your scalp. If you don't shampoo your hair often enough, oily skin can flake off. Dry skin can lead to small flakes on your scalp. You'll probably have dry skin all over your body. Male hormones: Men are more likely to get dandruff than women. People whose immune systems can't fight off diseases, for instance people who have HIV, may be more likely to get dandruff. |
a276ce97d7fcef5868fd4c79d99fac0b | How is scalp psoriasis diagnosed? | Your doctor may figure out the reason your scalp flakes or itches just from your symptoms. To be sure, she may look at a small piece of skin from your scalp under a microscope or send it to a lab. |
58c195da246f4105fb4b03fa5cd9d1f8 | How is scalp psoriasis treated? | Coal tar and salicylic acid shampoos or scalp treatments may also help with mild scalp psoriasis. Topical creams, ointments, and foams like the following can slow psoriasis skin buildup and ease red, scaly patches on your scalp. They may have vitamins or steroids to calm the inflammation: Anthralin ( Zithranol- RR) Calcipotriene ( Dovonex) Calcipotriene and betamethasone dipropionate ( Taclonex) Calcitriol ( Vectical) Tazarotene ( Tazorac) Your doctor can also put steroids (strong anti-inflammatory drugs) into the patches on your scalp if your psoriasis is milder or just in a few spots. If you have severe psoriasis, you may need stronger drugs. These include methotrexate, which affects how certain cells grow; cyclosporine, which slows down your immune system; biologics, which target specific areas of your immune system; or oral retinoids, which are high doses of vitamin A. You can also try ultraviolet or UV light treatments to control your psoriasis patches. You can part your hair in rows so UV light from a special lamp can reach your scalp or use a handheld UV comb that beams the light directly to your scalp. |
572f9c5a30e38e07f282b49836594e7f | How are common forms of stomatitis treated? | Mouth sores generally don't last longer than two weeks, even without treatment. If a cause can be identified, your doctor may be able to treat it. If a cause cannot be identified, the focus of treatment shifts to symptom relief. The following strategies might help to ease the pain and inflammation of mouth sores: Avoid hot beverages and foods as well as salty, spicy, and citrus-based foods. Use pain relievers like Tylenol or ibuprofen. Gargle with cool water or suck on ice pops if you have a mouth burn. |
e2e249e713b95148949429bc0574cb99 | What are canker sores? | Types of stomatitis include: Canker sore: A canker sore, also known as an aphthous ulcer, is a single pale or yellow ulcer with a red outer ring or a cluster of such ulcers in the mouth, usually on the cheeks, tongue, or inside the lip. |
386c0adfa36ce9e2f725db19abcf7197 | How common are canker sores? | About 20% people in the U. S. will have canker sores at some point during their lifetime -- women more often than men. |
d1d4d639281376fd84d714ff45ce4ec8 | What is stomatitis? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Stomatitis, a general term for an inflamed and sore mouth, can disrupt a person's ability to eat, talk, and sleep. Stomatitis can occur anywhere in the mouth, including the inside of the cheeks, gums, tongue, lips, and palate. |
7daffb76431634072d201492d51176f3 | What causes cold sores? | Cold Sores Cold sores are caused by a virus called herpes simplex type 1. Unlike canker sores, cold sores are contagious from the time the blister ruptures to the time it has completely healed. The initial infection often occurs before adulthood and may be confused with a cold or the flu. Once the person is infected with the virus, it stays in the body, becoming dormant and reactivated by such conditions as stress, fever, trauma, hormonal changes (such as menstruation), and exposure to sunlight. When sores reappear, they tend to form in the same location. In addition to spreading to other people, the virus can also spread to another body part of the affected person, such as the eyes or genitals. |
3cdda8c0ed19f2fb4300cff77810e503 | What are the characteristics of canker sores? | The irritation can be caused by: Biting your cheek, tongue, or lip Wearing braces or another type of dental apparatus, or having a sharp, broken tooth Chewing tobacco Burning one's mouth from hot food or drinks Having gum disease (gingivitis) or other type of mouth infection Having hypersensitivity to certain things, such as foods or medicines Having certain autoimmune diseases affecting the mucosal lining of the mouth, such as lupus, Crohn's disease, or Behcet's disease Taking certain drugs such as chemotherapy, antibiotics, medications used for rheumatoid arthritis, or epilepsy medications Receiving radiation as part of cancer treatment Canker sores: Can be painful Usually last 5 to 10 days Tend to come back Are generally not associated with fever Cold sores: Are usually painful Are usually gone in 7 to 10 days Are sometimes associated with cold or flu-like symptoms Canker Sores Nobody knows what exactly causes canker sores, but many things may contribute to their development, such as certain medications, trauma to the mouth, poor nutrition, stress, bacteria or viruses, lack of sleep, sudden weight loss, and certain foods such as potatoes, citrus fruits, coffee, chocolate, cheese, and nuts. |
efa970cb7c1b899f693d391b1ae6508c | What is the treatment for cold sores? | There is no cure for cold sores. Treatment includes: Taking a dose of valacyclovir ( Valtrex) at the first sign of an attack Coating the lesions with a protective ointment such as an antiviral agent (for example, 5% acyclovir ointment) Applying ice to the lesion Taking L-lysine tablets may also help, as might antiviral mediations that a doctor prescribes. Some experts believe that these drugs shorten the time that the blisters are present. |
7fdc889b3548adb7a74bfc945beb61cf | What are cold sores? | Cold sores : Also called fever blisters, cold sores are fluid-filled sores that occur on or around the lips. They rarely form on the gums or the roof of the mouth. Cold sores later crust over with a scab and are usually associated with tingling, tenderness, or burning before the actual sores appear. |
59b281b4af878c8f52449ddd4ad2cbd9 | What causes mouth irritation? | The irritation can be caused by: Biting your cheek, tongue, or lip Wearing braces or another type of dental apparatus, or having a sharp, broken tooth Chewing tobacco Burning one's mouth from hot food or drinks Having gum disease (gingivitis) or other type of mouth infection Having hypersensitivity to certain things, such as foods or medicines Having certain autoimmune diseases affecting the mucosal lining of the mouth, such as lupus, Crohn's disease, or Behcet's disease Taking certain drugs such as chemotherapy, antibiotics, medications used for rheumatoid arthritis, or epilepsy medications Receiving radiation as part of cancer treatment Canker sores: Can be painful Usually last 5 to 10 days Tend to come back Are generally not associated with fever Cold sores: Are usually painful Are usually gone in 7 to 10 days Are sometimes associated with cold or flu-like symptoms Canker Sores Nobody knows what exactly causes canker sores, but many things may contribute to their development, such as certain medications, trauma to the mouth, poor nutrition, stress, bacteria or viruses, lack of sleep, sudden weight loss, and certain foods such as potatoes, citrus fruits, coffee, chocolate, cheese, and nuts. |
db3b737981f393a6e15dc21134421988 | What are the characteristics of cold sores? | The irritation can be caused by: Biting your cheek, tongue, or lip Wearing braces or another type of dental apparatus, or having a sharp, broken tooth Chewing tobacco Burning one's mouth from hot food or drinks Having gum disease (gingivitis) or other type of mouth infection Having hypersensitivity to certain things, such as foods or medicines Having certain autoimmune diseases affecting the mucosal lining of the mouth, such as lupus, Crohn's disease, or Behcet's disease Taking certain drugs such as chemotherapy, antibiotics, medications used for rheumatoid arthritis, or epilepsy medications Receiving radiation as part of cancer treatment Canker sores: Can be painful Usually last 5 to 10 days Tend to come back Are generally not associated with fever Cold sores: Are usually painful Are usually gone in 7 to 10 days Are sometimes associated with cold or flu-like symptoms Canker Sores Nobody knows what exactly causes canker sores, but many things may contribute to their development, such as certain medications, trauma to the mouth, poor nutrition, stress, bacteria or viruses, lack of sleep, sudden weight loss, and certain foods such as potatoes, citrus fruits, coffee, chocolate, cheese, and nuts. |
7de975c9e989d713fdd805f328e1eb24 | What drugs are used to treat canker sores? | Anti-inflammatory drugs such as corticosteroids (including prednisone) are the most effective treatment for canker sores, as they will reduce swelling and pain. They are also effective for cold sores after the sore has been present for three to four days, because at that point the virus has disappeared and only the inflammation remains. Not all people can take certain types of anti-inflammatory drugs. For example, if prednisone is given to people with diabetes, their blood sugars will go up. Talk to your doctor about any health conditions you have before starting a new medication. |
dc243d059d48f8e5689c4ab4594873a7 | Are learning disabilities common in children with ADHD? | In about 20% to 30% of children with ADHD, there is a specific learning disability that makes it hard for a child to master skills, such as math or reading. For example, dyslexia, a type of reading disorder, is often seen in children with ADHD. Diagnosing learning disabilities requires specific academic testing (which is done by a psychologist). |
4366d2332e3ecb6720331a164d01de9f | Are anxiety and depression common in children with ADHD? | Some children with ADHD may have anxiety or depression (about 20% to 25%). If the anxiety or depression is recognized and treated, these children will be better able to handle the problems that accompany ADHD. |
63497e2ccee271c207e3118bdeb824c3 | Is oppositional defiant disorder common in children with ADHD? | As many as 30% to 50% of all children with ADHD have oppositional defiant disorder ( ODD). These children are often disobedient and have outbursts of temper. ODD is more common in boys than girls. |
8f82b3ffd7c3395760ba64b0ea50f122 | Is mania or bipolar disorder common in children with ADHD? | Mania/ Bipolar Disorder. A few children with ADHD will go on to develop mania. Bipolar disorder is marked by mood swings between periods of intense emotional highs and lows. The bipolar child may have elated moods and grandiosity (feelings of importance) alternating with periods of depression or chronic irritability. |
4b169c38b27fb1954badde231e8bbfc4 | Is conduct disorder common in children with ADHD? | Approximately 30% to 50% of children with ADHD and ODD may eventually develop conduct disorder ( CD), a more serious pattern of antisocial behavior. These children frequently lie or steal and tend to disregard the welfare of others. They risk getting into trouble at school or with the police. |
f2ad6ce81757b8ba037082d86ecfa8e4 | Why do people 50 and older need a cholesterol screening? | Cholesterol screening: Heart disease is one of the top causes of death in the U. S. One of its main risk factors is high cholesterol. After you turn 20, you should start getting your cholesterol tested at least once every 4 to 6 years. A simple blood test shows your levels and risk for heart disease. As you age, your risk for heart disease goes up. If you're in your 50s, it's important to keep getting screened. |
782e00a0bf34beca5ec201f67fa9c365 | Why do people 50 and older need a bone mineral density scan? | Bone mineral density scan: This checks your risk for osteoporosis, a condition that weakens your bones. It's recommended for all women at age 65. If you're at high risk, your doctor may want you to do it earlier. This screening also may help men ages 70 and older. |
35e198c49f7a264cd897297637ea3d3a | How often should women 50 and older get screened for breast cancer? | Mammogram: Experts agree that this is the best way to find breast cancer early. There's some debate about how often you should get one. The U. S. Preventive Services Task Force says all women between ages 50 and 74 should have a mammogram every 2 years. The American Cancer Society says if you're over 40, you should get one each year. Talk with your doctor to determine the best schedule for you, based on your family history and other reasons. |
2bd455ad53cbaaa80e5f3703189895f0 | Why do people 50 and older need a blood pressure check? | Blood pressure check: High blood pressure can cause a heart attack, a stroke, eye problems and kidney problems without you even knowing your blood pressure is high. That's why it's important to get your blood pressure checked, even if you don't think you have a problem. If your blood pressure is lower than 120/80, at least once every 2 years is usually fine. If it's higher, your doctor probably will want to check it more often. |
4a3d4faeee6a03de8e15c8d59d146465 | Why do people 50 and older need colon cancer screening? | Colon cancer screening: Colon cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer deaths in the U. S. When you turn 50, your chance of getting it goes up. So unless you're at above-average risk, your doctor will probably recommend screenings once you reach that half-century mark. |
4a2ae81da86422ba7c5cd12f544b5d3b | What is hyperhidrosis? | Primary hyperhidrosis (also called focal hyperhidrosis) causes excessive sweating in the hands, underarms, face, and feet without any apparent reason. Secondary hyperhidrosis (also called generalized hyperhidrosis) causes excessive sweating all over the body or in a larger area of the body and can be caused by excessive heat as well as a medical condition or medication. |
673072eb86b52a443aeb8c8e66e4a491 | What causes hyperhidrosis? | The causes of hyperhidrosis depend on the type of sweating occurring. Most times, excessive sweating is harmless. In some cases, doctors don't know why people sweat too much. In other cases, the causes of hyperhidrosis may be a medical condition that you don't want to miss. |
8a3f8e0889d0e0a7c1fa943978dd60b7 | What is the BODE Index for emphysema? | The BODE Index This staging system measures how much emphysema impacts your daily life. It looks at four main areas: Body mass index ( B). This describes how much body fat you have compared to your height and weight. Airflow limitation ( O for obstruction). Your doctor can tell how damaged your lungs are by how well you do on pulmonary (lung) function tests. |
a056cfd9d57bc1431978a4437575f74e | What are the methods that describe stages of emphysema? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Doctors describe how bad your emphysema is by using what they call âstages.â They use two main methods to come up with this information -- the GOLD Emphysema Staging System and the BODE Index. |
40d3087a80819a97ae33871e29a44eab | Can rapid or irregular heartbeats be a heart failure system? | The heart beats faster to pump enough blood to the body. This causes a fast or irregular heartbeat. |
43c15a2b3f10574d5c784341f9cfeaae | Can dizziness, fatigue, and weakness be a heart failure symptom? | Less blood to your major organs and muscles makes you feel tired and weak. Less blood to the brain can cause dizziness or confusion. |
eeebb6014041eb4731cf9a5cb55220af | Can fluid and water retention be a heart failure symptom? | Less blood to your kidneys causes fluid and water retention, resulting in swollen ankles, legs, and abdomen (called edema) and weight gain. Symptoms may cause an increased need to urinate during the night. Bloating in your stomach may cause a loss of appetite or nausea. |
1ac08c99783d7214183e199dda6dd459 | What tests may be done to diagnose Dupuytren's contracture? | Your health care provider will examine your hands, wrists, and fingers. Diagnosis of Dupuytren's contracture typically involves feeling the palm areas to check for nodules and recording how many nodules are found. Your doctor will likely ask you to try to place your hands flat on a table. Tests may also be done to: See how well you can grasp items with your hands. |
063bc3023c97178d22a036a846ddcd2c | Are men or women more likely to get Dupuytren's contracture? | Your chances of developing it increase as you get older. |
0e12410e51c719eecab52a2e6dea64de | What is needle aponeurotomy for Dupuytren's contracture? | Instead of an open incision, it uses the sharp end of a needle to cut the thick bands under the skin, which may help you recover faster. However, it is not as effective in treating the more severe cases. As a whole there is less risk of complications, but there is a risk of nerve, blood vessel, or tendon damage. Needle aponeurotomy is even more effective when used in combination with corticosteroid injections. |
1d2054cd236661f204a0d497c6261a38 | How does Dupuytren's contracture progress? | The first symptom for many patients is one or more lumps (nodules) under the skin in the palm of the hand. The lump may feel tender and sore at first, but this discomfort eventually goes away. The nodules cause tough bands of tissue to form under the skin in the palm. These inflexible bands cause the fingers to bend, or "curl," forward toward the wrist. As this curling gets worse, it becomes difficult, if not impossible, to straighten the fingers. The pinkie and ring fingers are most often affected, appearing clenched. Both hands are usually involved, although one may have worse symptoms than the other. |
2b6708a71fc3c7f0bd708386998094af | What are the symptoms of Dupuytren's contracture? | Call your doctor for an appointment if: You have one or more lumps in your palm, whether or not it is painful. You have difficulty straightening your fingers. You have difficulty grasping objects. You cannot place your hand flat on a table or place your hand in your pocket. |
4bb83c88e2daacd57bfae26eef14ac3e | What problems could happen from surgery for Dupuytren's contracture? | Complications of Dupuytren's contracture surgery are rare but may include: Infection Injury to the nerves and blood vessels in the hand Permanent stiffness of the fingers You will have some hand swelling and discomfort after the procedure. |
90bd7489d95e8050bcd2dafca2188e34 | Are sleep problems during pregnancy normal? | According to the National Sleep Foundation, the following are the most common sleep changes that may occur in each trimester: Frequent waking due to an increased need to go to the bathroom Disruptions in sleep as a result of physical and emotional stress associated with pregnancy Increased daytime sleepiness Sleep during the second trimester of pregnancy improves for many women, because nighttime urination becomes less of an issue as the growing fetus reduces pressure on the bladder by moving above it. Still, the quality of sleep may remain poor as a result of the growing baby and emotional stress associated with pregnancy. |
24df7939ac0d08fc164173b8ca300cc0 | Can I take sleeping pills when I'm pregnant? | Prescription and over-the-counter medications: Ideally, all medications (including over-the-counter medications) should be avoided during pregnancy. Some drugs can hurt the developing baby. However, there are some medications that are considered safe to take during pregnancy and that might help you sleep better. Always talk to your doctor before taking any kinds of drugs. This includes over-the-counter drugs, herbs and dietary supplements. |
c1d7ab2c0ad4a981d96863051ab253b6 | Will my doctor suggest diet alterations if I have type 1 diabetes as an adult? | He'll also work with you to come up with healthy, nutritious menu options that will help you keep your blood glucose under control. |
7c00e5c18c5c0d62b759cb7ef2cd19d0 | Who is most likely to get type 1 diabetes as an adult? | People of all races and ethnic groups can get type 1 diabetes, but it's most common among those of northern European descent. You may also be at higher risk for getting the disease if one of your parents or a brother or sister has it. |
5d55ccce813368fc223d127e3fbd5d85 | What are the symptoms of type 1 diabetes? | If you have type 1 diabetes, you may get similar symptoms as your friends who have type 2. You may notice that you: Get extremely thirsty or hungry Need to pee often Feel unusually tired or weak Lose weight suddenly Get blurred vision or other changes in the way you see Get vaginal yeast infections Have breath that smells fruity Can't breathe well Sometimes, type 1 diabetes could even make you lose consciousness. |
89407a4c50a078b7657b137b6ef2eca0 | What is a glycated hemoglobin test? | It measures your average blood glucose level for 2 to 3 months. If you have an A1c level of 6.5 or higher on two separate exams, you have diabetes. |
0b396d9919c3240126ef109be8443902 | What is a random blood sugar test? | It checks your blood glucose at a random time of day. A level of 200 mg/d L or higher is a sign that you have diabetes. |
f25f3baef4a2a38b2d7272f10a072964 | Will my doctor suggest exercise if I have type 1 diabetes as an adult? | Your doctor will probably encourage you to get regular exercise. It can help you stay at a healthy weight and keep your blood glucose levels within a normal range. |
2d740fe1924a95ec486de365fc413ada | How does type 1 diabetes affect the immune system? | What experts do know is that when you have type 1 diabetes, something goes wrong with your immune system -- the body's defense against germs. It destroys beta cells in your pancreas that are responsible for making a hormone called insulin. Insulin allows glucose -- or sugar -- to get into your cells, where it's turned into energy. But if you have type 1 diabetes, your body doesn't make insulin. Glucose builds up in your bloodstream and, over time, can cause serious health problems. |
42e5fdbde61fc5978906c2694e63b55f | What is a fasting blood sugar test? | Your doctor does this first thing in the morning, before you've eaten. You have diabetes if your level is 126 mg/d L or higher on two separate tests. |
3393ff9b78d00a9141c9c23c3e75d520 | What populations are most affected by type 1 diabetes as adults? | People of all races and ethnic groups can get type 1 diabetes, but it's most common among those of northern European descent. You may also be at higher risk for getting the disease if one of your parents or a brother or sister has it. |
110b395e5244145ae8f5f26ef06a1ab0 | How do you treat viral meningitis? | Antibiotics can't treat viral meningitis and, in most cases, the infection goes away on its own with time. Viral meningitis is usually much less severe than other types. Your teen may need only a few days in the hospital. When he's there, he'll get fluids through an IV to prevent dehydration, as well as painkillers. |
6924e0981ba61bf4f6b41aaf03bface6 | How do you treat bacterial meningitis? | If the spinal fluid tests show your teen has bacterial meningitis, he'll need to keep up with the antibiotics until the infection goes away, possibly for as long as 2 weeks. Because bacterial meningitis can spread easily to others, he'll probably stay in an isolated room for at least 48 hours. Meningitis can make the eyes sensitive to light, so your teen may prefer a darkened room. He'll get plenty of liquids and drugs to relieve headache and fever. To keep him from getting reinfected, doctors will look for a source of the infection, such as an infected sinus. |
a881347371349eab12eb649ab7a3cfd9 | Which medicines commonly cause allergies? | The most common one is to penicillin. Other antibiotics can also cause allergic reactions. Other possible culprits include: Sulfa drugs Barbiturates Anticonvulsants Iodine, which is found in many X-ray contrast dyes Your doctor will start by reviewing your medical history and symptoms. |
562717ac8101d34ee6df246760bd238c | What are symptoms of a drug allergy? | In an allergic reaction, your body's release of histamine can cause symptoms like: Hives Skin rash Itchy skin or eyes Congestion Swelling in the mouth and throat A more severe reaction may include: Trouble breathing Blueness of the skin Dizziness Fainting Anxiety Confusion Rapid pulse Nausea Gut problems like diarrhea The most severe reaction is one that includes anaphylaxis, a serious, life-threatening response marked by swelling, hives, and lowered blood pressure. In some cases, a person goes into shock. If you think you're having anaphylaxis symptoms, give yourself a shot of epinephrine immediately and call 911. |
98acda654c550e2954961201d99f48c4 | Are there drugs available to treat migraines? | Some medications can ease the pain and symptoms of a migraine headache. Other medications can help prevent the headaches. Talk to your doctor about which ones are right for you. |
529198194dccc70cff19cfafb2f4943f | What drugs stop migraines? | You take these drugs at the first sign of a migraine attack to stop them. They are called "abortive" drugs. They prevent common symptoms like pain, nausea, and sound and light sensitivity. Some of these should not be used during a migraine with aura, so follow your doctor's instructions. |
f1a4cfafa129511bcf000577ee6ce085 | What drugs causes serotonin syndrome? | Headache Neck pain Warning: You should not take triptans together with SSRI or SNRI antidepressants. You may get a life-threatening condition called serotonin syndrome. Check all your medications with your doctor. |
b1c40e2dc93ac70332542c8ba170bcc4 | What should you do when taking drugs for migraine prevention? | While you're taking these drugs, write down how often you have headaches and how bad they are to help your doctor judge how well they are working. Most need days or weeks to take full effect. |
8477c9ca7a44a1296cbde3be7bd211a6 | When do you stop taking drugs for migraine prevention? | Once your headaches are under control for 6 months or a year, it may be possible to taper off or stop these drugs. You may need to take the drugs for a longer time, though. Your doctor will advise you. |
12e18168cee7fb43e782b1085ee5e48b | How are migraine headaches treated? | Some medications can ease the pain and symptoms of a migraine headache. Other medications can help prevent the headaches. Talk to your doctor about which ones are right for you. |
b7a39108ee6c816c5812a4df3e717ee2 | Does carbon monoxide cause headaches? | Like a lot of people, you may think of it as something that comes out of your car's tailpipe or leaks out of your furnace. But carbon monoxide is also in tobacco products. If you're a smoker, you may have high levels in your blood and brain. Carbon monoxide can trigger headaches. |
fa0534d2e98d13db634fae8ec2366be6 | How can nicotine cause headaches? | The substance nicotine is no longer linked to migraines. Nicotine is a chemical in tobacco products. It causes the blood vessels in your body to narrow. This reduces blood flow to your brain. Previous studies indicated that this reduced blood flow could trigger a migraine. However, migraines are complex, and reduced blood flow is no longer considered a migraine trigger. In addition, no controlled trials or studies have clearly linked nicotine to migraines, although people still report an association between headaches and tobacco (nicotine) exposure. Nicotine can make it harder for you to get rid of your headache once it starts. That's because the chemical affects your liver's ability to break down headache medicine. The result is that the medication you're counting on to give you pain relief won't work as well, just when you need it the most. |
687db631aebd773ba6a989598ad76737 | Which type of oxygen therapy device for heart failure may be right for you? | The basic idea is that you have a source of oxygen that you breathe in through either a: Mask that goes over your mouth and nose Nasal cannula -- two small tubes that sit just inside your nose The oxygen itself may come as a liquid or a gas in a tank. Or you may get a machine called an oxygen concentrator. Which one is best for you depends on: How much oxygen you need How often you need it -- day, night, or both Costs and what your insurance covers As a gas or liquid, oxygen comes in metal tanks that need to be refilled once they run out. |
1ca7a2eba9e14aeefe43f6a29a4474e2 | What are side effects of oxygen therapy for heart failure? | As long as you follow your doctor's directions, oxygen therapy is generally considered safe. You may get minor problems such as: Dry or bloody nose Headaches in the morning Tiredness Oxygen can lead to fires. |
f8ecd8a5aee08e68da9700503193f897 | How does oxygen therapy for heart failure work? | The basic idea is that you have a source of oxygen that you breathe in through either a: Mask that goes over your mouth and nose Nasal cannula -- two small tubes that sit just inside your nose The oxygen itself may come as a liquid or a gas in a tank. |
f562f8647901d0c3dfa4bc6f8ae65884 | When would I need oxygen therapy for heart failure? | Your doctor will usually suggest oxygen therapy when heart failure causes very low levels of oxygen. But if your levels are closer to normal, it's more of a gray area. In this case, recent studies seem to show that oxygen therapy may be harmful because you get too much oxygen. More research is needed, so ask your doctor what you should get. |
95e54f625fdfafa9790b5e26bcd4ef09 | What happens during a mammogram? | Most mammography technologists are women. A doctor specialized in interpreting imaging studies (radiologist) will interpret the X-rays. You will be asked to stand in front of an X-ray machine. The mammography technologist will place your breast between two radiographic breast supports. The supports will be pressed together, gently flattening the breast. Compression is necessary to obtain the clearest possible picture with the least amount of radiation. You may feel some discomfort or slight pain from this pressure, but it will only last for a few seconds while the X-ray is being taken. Your cooperation for these few seconds is important to get a clear picture. If you feel that the pressure on your breast is too great, tell the technologist performing the exam. To minimize discomfort during compression, you may want to consider scheduling your appointment seven to 10 days after the start of your period, when your breast are least likely to be tender. The breast will be imaged in several positions to enable the radiologist to see all breast tissue adequately. For a routine breast screening, two pictures are taken of each breast. This exam takes about 20 minutes. Many centers also do 3- D mammography. This is similar to regular mammograms but many more pictures of the breast are taken at various angles to produce a 3- D picture for the radiologist to check. After examining the digital images, the radiologist may ask the technologist to obtain additional images or a breast ultrasound for a more precise diagnosis. This is a routine measure. |
f3dd931d6cfed59157d7f22a499a86c9 | What is a mammogram? | Using a digital X-ray machine made especially for breast tissue, a technician compresses the breast and takes pictures from at least two different angles, creating a set of images for each of your breasts. This set of images is called a mammogram. Breast tissue appears white and opaque and fatty tissue appears darker and translucent. In a screening mammogram, the breast is X-rayed from top to bottom and from side to side. A diagnostic mammogram focuses in on a particular lump or area of abnormal tissue. |
f347a07289f6cd675d437db005764bca | Why should you get a mammogram? | Mammography can be your best defense against breast cancer because it can frequently detect the disease in its early stages, often before it can be felt during a breast exam. Research has clearly shown that mammography can increase breast cancer survival. |
0f9098687c47318d327473dc84339af3 | Can medication cause erectile dysfunction? | If you think your medicine may be causing your problem, don't just stop taking it. Talk to your doctor. You may need to switch to something different, or consider taking an ED medication, too. |
8533371f5de12296028af2c8bdfd89ec | How does your blood sugar level affect your diabetes treatment? | If they stay too high for too long, you're at risk for complications of diabetes, like eye problems or kidney disease. If your blood sugar is above where it should be, your doctor may add another drug to your treatment plan or increase your dose to get you to a healthy range. |
83b82f348382ed2817044b72f5ca54de | What health problems can affect the efficacy of my diabetes drugs? | Some conditions you might have along with diabetes can affect how well your drugs control your blood sugar, including: Obesity High blood pressure High cholesterol Heart disease Kidney disease Sleep apnea or other sleep problems Depression Some medications that treat diabetes also may help you treat other health problems or lower your odds of having them. |
634110bda36fd002fe5f6cbb8c30c751 | Are there multiple ways to control blood sugar for diabetes? | When you and your doctor are thinking about the best way to control your blood sugar, you've got a lot of options to choose from. Insulin and other medicines, including shots and pills, can help keep your levels in a healthy range. |
8c49f1bf746560f9cf7223a9896785c6 | How can how long you've had diabetes affect your treatment? | If you've had the condition for more than 10 years, some diabetes pills may not help you. But if you've just been diagnosed, your doctor might not make insulin the first treatment you try. Also, your treatment plan may change over time, because some medications get less effective the longer you take them. |
907743a9934737477aaf2d24e8a1de5f | How can your blood sugar levels affect your diabetes treatment? | If they stay too high for too long, you're at risk for complications of diabetes, like eye problems or kidney disease. If your blood sugar is above where it should be, your doctor may add another drug to your treatment plan or increase your dose to get you to a healthy range. |
9ddbdbb34112972599d4a63fd35612b4 | What other conditions can affect your diabetes treatment? | Some conditions you might have along with diabetes can affect how well your drugs control your blood sugar, including: Obesity High blood pressure High cholesterol Heart disease Kidney disease Sleep apnea or other sleep problems Depression Some medications that treat diabetes also may help you treat other health problems or lower your odds of having them. |
211ed5517d2849f698defcf6afed786d | How is alcohol withdrawal diagnosed? | Those that do may also have: Confusion Racing heart High blood pressure Fever Heavy sweating If the doctor thinks you might have it, he'll ask you questions about your drinking history and how recently you stopped. He'll want to know if you've ever gone through withdrawal before. He'll also discuss your symptoms. During an exam, he'll look for other medical conditions to see if they could be to blame. |
416ad2a65df48a040891a9c8c5aa536e | What are the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal? | They can range from mild to serious. What yours are depends on how much you drank and for how long. Mild symptoms usually show up as early as 6 hours after you put down your glass. They can include: Anxiety Shaky hands Headache Nausea Vomiting Insomnia Sweating More serious problems range from hallucinations about 12 to 24 hours after that last drink to seizures within the first 2 days after you stop. |
c68cfe58a9d0a3fe3f4f24d2dfd92816 | What causes alcohol withdrawal? | It slows down brain function and changes the way your nerves send messages back and forth. Over time, your central nervous system adjusts to having alcohol around all the time. Your body works hard to keep your brain in a more awake state and to keep your nerves talking to one another. When the alcohol level suddenly drops, your brain stays in this keyed up state. That's what causes withdrawal. |
5aa2184690d8d1118e9fa3ca4090ed43 | Who should you talk to if you or your loved one has clinical depression and a life-threatening illness? | If you see these signs in a loved one, or find that you're experiencing them yourself, it's important to talk with your doctor or someone else on your care team about them. Get immediate medical help if you or a loved one is having thoughts of suicide. Clinical depression in someone who is dying can be treated. |
e5745455395a290ca809a1667374b392 | Are people with life-threatening illnesses more likely to be depressed? | True, people facing a serious illness are more likely than healthy people to suffer depression or anxiety. One study of terminally ill cancer patients, for example, found that at least 17% were clinically depressed. Other research points to even higher numbers of people with terminal illness meeting the criteria for major depression. |
936c18b6370c4662ef5afa0cd7a5237a | What are signs you or your loved one may have clinical depression due to a life-threatening illness? | Here are some of the signs that you or your loved one may be experiencing clinical depression: You don't feel like doing the activities you normally enjoy, even if they are things you can still physically do. Even when you do participate in things you once enjoyed, you find that you are getting little pleasure out of them. You have major changes in sleeping or eating habits -- sleeping or eating much more, or much less, than usual. ( These symptoms can sometimes be the side effects of certain medications or treatments.) You withdraw from your friends and family. You think or talk seriously about suicide. |
d958fca88a6af1c498c2e7d3e672e3eb | If you have life-threatening illness, why is talking about it important? | Much anxiety near the end of life may stem from not talking. Both the dying person and the people around the dying person are often reluctant to talk about what is happening because of how they think doing so will affect the other. Your palliative care team can help the family talk calmly and not be alarmist about the process, dispelling a lot of the anxiety and making it easier on everyone. |
553fb59e4c07bdcfcbc4030132de27c0 | How can clinical depression be treated? | The most effective treatments for clinical depression usually combine short-term psychotherapy with antidepressant medications as needed. |
214d321c996a2f6cb528b88aaf61403f | What is cavernous sinus thrombosis? | In cavernous sinus thrombosis, a blood clot blocks a vein that runs through a hollow space underneath the brain and behind the eye sockets. These veins carry blood from the face and head back to the heart. The cause of cavernous sinus thrombosis is usually an infection. But other factors may play a role. Cavernous sinus thrombosis is a serious condition. It causes death in up to 30% of cases. |
65170202a4d827afc00286a1c1092f9c | What are tests for cavernous sinus thrombosis? | Doctors may order brain scans, including CT and MRI scans, to look for cavernous sinus thrombosis. They may also test blood or spinal fluid to check for signs of infection. |
6210630826a73fb1528183f579d0d859 | What are symptoms of cavernous sinus thrombosis? | Symptoms of cavernous sinus thrombosis may include: Severe headache often accompanied by tearing Swelling, redness, or irritation around one or both eyes Drooping eyelids Inability to move the eye High fever Pain or numbness around the face or eyes Fatigue Vision loss or double vision Seizures Altered mental status that can range from confusion to coma Double vision and seizures are rare. |
04851db6138de8c56d7aa5e998e32f14 | Who is more likely to get cavernous sinus thrombosis? | Cavernous sinus thrombosis is more common in people who take certain medications such as oral contraceptives or who have underlying health conditions such as uncontrolled diabetes or cancer that may increase their risk for blood clots. |
d2c838efe6cab1aff7fea08445344bb4 | How can someone with erythrodermic psoriasis soothe their skin from the outside? | To soothe your skin from the outside, you can use: Steroid cream or ointment moisturizers Wet wraps Oatmeal baths Other treatments. You may also need: Antibiotics to help prevent infection Pain medication Drugs to control itching Medications to relieve anxiety Some risk factors can't be avoided, like a family history of psoriasis. |
94858c0f033291383155e5690fbe676f | What can trigger erythrodermic psoriasis? | It can appear if you suddenly stop taking your oral psoriasis medication. Other triggers include: Alcoholism Drug reaction HIV Infection Oral steroid medicine Severe sunburn Stress Your doctor will start by asking about your health history and doing a physical exam. |
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