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6b85138eff593b9d61b92105933e19eb | How common are exocrine pancreatic cancers? | Other less common exocrine pancreatic cancers include: Adenosquamous carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma Giant cell carcinoma Acinar cell carcinoma Small cell carcinoma The exocrine pancreas makes up 95% of the pancreas, so it's not surprising that most pancreatic cancers arise here. |
1e45bfa3a536e4bb2008dab187a72c8c | How can you prevent pancreatic cancer? | There is no known way to prevent pancreatic cancer. |
eda96f97713756af10da16168cbf09d5 | What are risk factors for pancreatic cancer? | Cigarette smoking is the major risk factor for pancreatic cancer: Smoking roughly doubles the risk for pancreatic cancer when compared to non-smokers. While diabetes is not a risk factor for pancreatic cancer, the two have been linked. Age, race, and family history are other risk factors for pancreatic cancer. |
c854f42eddb701384be4ac218abbba36 | How is pancreatic cancer treated? | Chemotherapy and radiation are often given together, prior to, after, or even without surgery, to slow pancreatic cancer's growth. Palliative care aims to reduce discomfort for people whose pancreatic cancer cannot be cured. |
ab40dd04cedd7feca1064c81d399ef8a | What are exocrine pancreatic cancers? | Exocrine Pancreatic Cancer Although there are several different types of exocrine pancreatic cancer, 95% of cases are due to pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Other less common exocrine pancreatic cancers include: Adenosquamous carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma Giant cell carcinoma Acinar cell carcinoma Small cell carcinoma The exocrine pancreas makes up 95% of the pancreas, so it's not surprising that most pancreatic cancers arise here. |
0366e588bc8b52273db6c0c841830cfe | How is pancreatic cancer classified? | Endocrine Pancreatic Cancer Other cells of the pancreas make hormones that are released directly into the bloodstream (endocrine system). |
ae7713cadd52f00cc454b4e83e1a8203 | How is pancreatic cancer prevented? | There is no known way to prevent pancreatic cancer. |
e58a19fadd0daa1fb2eea73186081de0 | What causes pancreatic cancer? | Pancreatic cancer occurs when cells in the pancreas grow, divide, and spread uncontrollably, forming a malignant tumor. The exact cause of pancreatic cancer is unknown. Cigarette smoking is the major risk factor for pancreatic cancer: Smoking roughly doubles the risk for pancreatic cancer when compared to non-smokers. While diabetes is not a risk factor for pancreatic cancer, the two have been linked. Age, race, and family history are other risk factors for pancreatic cancer. |
7abfcae41192b26082355367cb3983c6 | How is surgery used for pancreatic cancer? | Pancreatic cancer is treated in several ways, alone or in combination: Surgery Chemotherapy Radiation therapy Palliative care Surgery is generally done to attempt to cure pancreatic cancer, but it may also be done to lessen or prevent symptoms. Chemotherapy and radiation are often given together, prior to, after, or even without surgery, to slow pancreatic cancer's growth. Palliative care aims to reduce discomfort for people whose pancreatic cancer cannot be cured. |
1126364d80629dd1ffa29ba862f9ce0e | What is the goal of glioblastoma treatment? | The goal of glioblastoma treatment is to slow and control tumor growth and help you live as comfortably and as well as possible. |
d9677088d6260de8eb602ca17f3e3469 | How is surgery used to treat glioblastoma? | There are four treatments, and many people get more than one type: Surgery is the first treatment. The surgeon tries to remove as much of the tumor as possible. In high-risk areas of the brain, it may not be possible to remove all of it. |
a115620a960824164b52b9dbaad6bb76 | How is electric field therapy used to treat glioblastoma? | Electric field therapy uses electrical fields to target cells in the tumor while not hurting normal cells. To do this, doctors put electrodes directly on the scalp. The device is called Optune. You get it with chemotherapy after surgery and radiation. The FDA has approved it for both newly diagnosed people and people whose glioblastoma has come back. |
b5297ee009f581a8d4a7cc8a85604c3f | How is radiation used to treat glioblastoma? | Radiation is used to kill as many leftover tumor cells as possible after surgery. It can also slow the growth of tumors that can't be removed by surgery. |
88a9d11062e330c94dcbb4a1219c520c | What is palliative care like for glioblastoma? | It includes taking care of your pain and the emotions you may be dealing with, as well as other symptoms from your cancer. The goal is to improve the quality of your life. You may also want to ask your doctor if there's a clinical trial that would be a good fit for you. |
99376abb4728240923c57b2f70b47c87 | How common is glioblastoma? | And when they do happen, about 4 out of 5 aren't glioblastomas. Men are more likely to get them than women. And chances go up with age. Doctors diagnose about 14,000 glioblastoma cases in the U. S. each year. |
ec0ce7d90f22cc1600c16d7ef55d5fde | How is a glioblastoma diagnosed? | Depending on where the tumor is, it can cause: Constant headaches Seizures Vomiting Trouble thinking Changes in mood or personality Double or blurred vision Trouble speaking A neurologist (a doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating brain disorders) will give you a complete exam. You may get an MRI or CT scan and other tests, depending on your symptoms. |
4e8e33881bf87c05e6844334dcfd12ac | What are side effects of epilepsy medicines for children? | The side effects for these epilepsy medicines vary, but generally they include: Grogginess Double vision Dizziness Nausea Unsteadiness on the feet Rash Less common side effects of epilepsy drugs include depression, irritability, and hyperactivity. Many epilepsy drugs cause specific side effects, and you should ask your child's doctor about them. Any side effects should be checked out with a doctor. This is especially true of rashes, which could indicate a possibly dangerous allergic reaction to the drug. |
c728c97cc2a89b907fa6c17ce50ad18d | What causes a broken tailbone after giving birth? | The coccyx (tailbone) is at the very bottom of your spine. If your baby moves through the birth canal very quickly or at the wrong angle, it can bruise or fracture your tailbone. It's more likely if your doctor delivers your baby with forceps. The pain can last for weeks or months. It may hurt when you sit down, stand for a long time, use the bathroom, or have sex. |
18b39c8f774f787f97ce90d930909c1f | Can you eat hawthorn? | Hawthorn fruit can be eaten as food. The fruits are also canned and processed into jam, candy, and drinks. |
e09c62baedd157c37ebdffeb02524b54 | What is hawthorn? | Researchers are still looking into hawthorn as a treatment for disease. |
74b7eefc77fb37385eb87aff14c32bdb | How does familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) cause adrenal gland adenoma? | Doctors don't know what causes adrenal gland adenomas, but you're more likely to get one if you have certain genetic conditions, such as: Familial adenomatous polyposis ( FAP). This is a rare condition characterized by the presence of hundreds or even thousands of noncancerous polyps (growths) in the large intestine and upper respiratory tract. |
98f1fbf0c1af36fcfdaa5a2fdf516c16 | How likely is someone at risk for getting adrenal gland adenoma if they have tumors? | Having the tumors doesn't make you any more likely to get adrenal cancer, but it can be hard to tell the difference between an adenoma and a tumor that's cancer. So your doctor will likely have your urine and blood tested to check your hormone levels, and maybe do some imaging to be sure what it is. If you do have symptoms, it's because you have a functioning tumor that could be in either part of the adrenal gland: the outer part (the cortex) or the inner part (the medulla). |
be61e063ff1a545fddbf4b4ea1fe4872 | What is the treatment for adrenal gland adenomas? | If you have a nonfunctioning tumor, you probably won't need any treatment. Your doctor will just want to keep an eye on it to make sure it doesn't become functional. For functional tumors, you typically get surgery. You can usually have laparoscopic surgery, where the adrenal gland and tumor are removed through small openings made in your body. But if there's a chance it's cancer, you'll likely need open surgery. Sometimes, instead of surgery, you may be able to get medicine that prevents hormones from working or lowers their levels so you won't have any symptoms. |
eb27abb100d7e91193c1dbf999970b78 | What is the difference between cancer and a tumor? | When most people hear the word tumor, their next thought is cancer. But they're not always the same thing. You get a tumor when instead of growing in their usual, orderly way, a group of cells starts to grow out of control. They form a mass that normally wouldn't be there, and that mass may or may not be cancer. |
cf3b8d18708c37ecdb2f72e41504ba52 | What is adrenal gland adenoma? | If you have an adrenal gland adenoma, you have a tumor on your adrenal gland, but it's not cancer. Your two adrenal glands, one on each kidney, make hormones. Hormones are like messengers that scoot around your body and tell your organs what to do -- from how to handle stress to controlling blood sugar levels. |
8ed017e71b90cdc98041fd6e48f3ebc9 | What problems do adrenal gland adenomas cause? | But some of them are functioning tumors -- that means they make the same hormones as your adrenal glands. The extra hormones from the tumor can lead to several conditions, such as Cushing's syndrome. Typically, surgery and medicine can successfully treat the symptoms. Doctors don't know what causes adrenal gland adenomas, but you're more likely to get one if you have certain genetic conditions, such as: Familial adenomatous polyposis ( FAP). |
3c005f8ebb58b1ca374d465fe9c6553c | What are the symptoms of adrenal gland adenoma? | When you have these conditions like these, you have a defect in one or more genes that can have different effects on your body. Often, you wouldn't even know you have one of these tumors. You might not have any symptoms, and you only find out about the condition because you got imaging for some other issue. |
f2faa75068d9ca2677dabbe3fd3aea10 | What are medulla tumors? | This type of tumor is called a pheochromocytoma. It's rare and not usually cancer. You may get too much epinephrine or norepinephrine in your blood, which can cause high blood pressure, headaches, and heart problems. |
d4adb295546916639d8ec6bc8543fc46 | Does sleepwalking need medical treatment? | Medical treatment for sleepwalking is not usually necessary. For children and adults, sleepwalking is usually a sign of lack of sleep, intense emotional problems, stress, or fever. As these conditions resolve, sleepwalking stops. |
ff39b3f3eebe4a837163527bf2cfcfb4 | What are the symptoms of colorectal cancer? | Symptoms of colorectal cancer include: A persistent change in bowel habits (such as constipation or diarrhea) Blood on or in the stool Abdominal discomfort Unexplained weight loss Anemia If colorectal polyps are found, they should be removed and sent to a laboratory for microscopic analysis. |
b63c395db5a69e88c14b18ab690335f0 | What happens if a colorectal polyp is found? | Symptoms of colorectal cancer include: A persistent change in bowel habits (such as constipation or diarrhea) Blood on or in the stool Abdominal discomfort Unexplained weight loss Anemia If colorectal polyps are found, they should be removed and sent to a laboratory for microscopic analysis. Once the microscopic type of polyp is determined, the follow-up interval for the next colonoscopy can be made. |
2340a60df21d180927e0328ac8a3154f | How does colorectal cancer develop? | Colorectal cancer usually begins as a "polyp," a nonspecific term to describe a growth on the inner surface of the colon. Polyps are often non-cancerous growths, but some can develop into cancer. The two most common types of polyps found in the colon and rectum include: Hyperplastic and inflammatory polyps. Usually these polyps do not carry a risk of developing into cancer. However, large hyperplastic polyps, especially on the right side of the colon, are of concern and should be completely removed. Adenomas or adenomatous polyps. Polyps, which, if left alone, could turn into colon cancer. These are considered pre-cancerous. Although most colorectal polyps do not become cancer, virtually all colon and rectal cancers start from these growths. People may inherit diseases in which the risk of colon polyps and cancer is very high. Colorectal cancer may also develop from areas of abnormal cells in the lining of the colon or rectum. This area of abnormal cells is called dysplasia and is more commonly seen in people with certain inflammatory diseases of the bowel such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. |
913ac86b2cf62e25998cea475a4096f4 | How do you know if you have colorectal cancer? | Risk factors for colorectal cancer include: A personal or family history of colorectal cancer or polyps A diet high in red meats and processed meats Inflammatory bowel disease ( Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis) Inherited conditions such as familial adenomatous polyposis and hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer Obesity Smoking Physical inactivity Heavy alcohol use Type 2 diabetes Being African- American Unfortunately, colorectal cancer may strike without symptoms. For this reason, it is very important to talk to your doctor about whether you are at risk for colorectal cancer and should be screened. |
d78fc874152fd85148a615ffd469a4e9 | Who is more likely to get colorectal cancer? | People at higher risk for colorectal cancer include those with a personal history of polyps on previous colonoscopy, colorectal cancer, and/or inflammatory bowel disease, strong family history of colorectal cancer or precancerous polyps, and a family history of a hereditary cancer syndrome. Screening guidelines for adults consist of screening with colonoscopy starting at a younger age. However, the exact age to start screening and interval of testing depends on specific risk factors. |
b0faae35d4561226c586f42f7d44bbbf | How long can I live with prostate cancer? | You can live a long time with prostate cancer, maybe even decades. If you catch and treat it early, you might even be able to cure it. |
43402fc55516a91dd764e610b308cda3 | How do you take PCSK9 inhibitors? | PCSK9 inhibitors are given as a shot every 2 or 4 weeks. You'll need to inject the medicine in your upper arm, stomach, or upper thigh. The doctor will teach you how to do it properly. The injection is usually easy with little pain. And you won't have to remember to take a pill every day. |
d574e56455fdc035ba2fc01e5cee4a53 | What makes PCSK9 inhibitors different from statins? | Statins work in a different way. One main way they work is to block an enzyme that your liver needs to make cholesterol. This lowers your LDL level. Statins are taken as pills, while PCSK9 inhibitors come only as shots. PCSK9 inhibitors can be used with statins to boost their benefit. The combination can lower LDL levels by more than half. |
200f08a471e8d5f3adcdb669de319967 | Who shouldn't take PCSK9 inhibitors? | Most people with high cholesterol don't need PCSK9 inhibitors. The FDA has only approved alirocumab and evolocumab for people with genetic high cholesterol or serious heart disease including those who've already had a heart attack or stroke and who need their LDL cholesterol lower. If you don't have either of these conditions, your doctor will likely recommend another treatment. |
0ca5e4c82fa0524babbb166a4fea6d29 | How effective are PCSK9 inhibitors at lowering LDL cholesterol? | In fact, one review of studies found that PCSK9 inhibitors slash LDL levels by an average of 47%. This protects your heart: The drugs were shown to reduce the risk of heart attack by 27%. |
a812cf7b0530dd5e67850658813c98f8 | Should you ask your doctor about PCSK9 inhibitors if you're at risk for a heart attack or stroke? | You're at risk for heart attack or stroke: If you already have heart disease and other medications, like statins, aren't working, your doctor may consider PCSK9 inhibitors. |
ae741c9e4f81dde63c76e9afd9444ac3 | Can you be prescribed PCSK9 inhibitors with other drugs? | You're at risk for heart attack or stroke: If you already have heart disease and other medications, like statins, aren't working, your doctor may consider PCSK9 inhibitors. |
b5a014d43945a1b6abc7ee4ca3eb8867 | Should you ask your doctor about PCSK9 inhibitors if you have genetic high cholesterol? | You may want to ask your doctor about PCSK9 inhibitors if: You have genetic high cholesterol: About 600 thousand Americans have a genetic disorder called familial hypercholesterolemia. It affects how your body processes cholesterol. For most people with this condition, even the highest dose of statins won't bring their LDL cholesterol down to a healthy level. |
d887089ef4a5e4fcb85b95b7f347af88 | What should I do before I see the doctor about bipolar disorder? | Before meeting with your doctor to clarify a diagnosis, it's helpful to write down the symptoms you notice that may reflect depression, hypomania, or mania. Particular attention should focus not just on mood but also changes in sleep, energy, thinking, speech, and behavior. It is also useful to get an in-depth family history from relatives before meeting with your doctor. |
1ab9b3b4c311577a8a076b089cbefa7f | What tests will the doctor use to make a bipolar diagnosis? | Before your visit, think about and record the following: Your mental and physical health concerns Symptoms you've noticed Unusual behaviors you've had Past illnesses Your family history of mental illness (bipolar disorder, depression, mania, seasonal affective disorder or SAD, or others) Medications you are taking now and in the past (bring all medications to your doctor's appointment) Natural dietary supplements you are taking (bring your supplements to your doctor's appointment) Your lifestyle habits (exercise, diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, recreational drug use) Your sleep habits Causes of stress in your life (marriage, work, relationships) Questions you may have about bipolar disorder Your doctor may have you fill out a mood questionnaire or checklist to help guide the clinical interview when he or she assesses mood symptoms. In addition, your doctor may order blood and urine tests to rule out other causes of your symptoms. In a toxicology screening, blood, urine, or hair are examined for the presence of drugs. |
5d6edbb219e3b7d2f8c25cf51c5b9cff | Do the benefits of birth control pills outweigh the risk of breast cancer? | Since the early 1960s, birth control pills have become the most popular and one of the most effective forms of birth control used in the U. S. But an association between estrogen and an increased risk of breast cancer has led to a continuing debate about the role birth control pills may play in developing breast cancer. For most women, especially young women, experts say the benefits of birth control pills far outweigh the risk. |
b80488279929ad42cf3ef97d8436cc87 | Does the risk of breast cancer associated with birth control pills vary by age? | A study of more than 100,000 women suggests that the increased breast cancer risk associated with birth control pills is highest among older women. The study found that the risk of breast cancer was greatest among women aged 45 and over who were still using the pill. This group of women was nearly one-and-a-half times as likely to get breast cancer as women who had never used the pill. But experts caution that many of the women were using older birth control pills that contained higher doses of hormones. Today's lower-dose birth control pills are thought to reduce this risk. |
2f50d9a8d7fd6cd3c292e1eae7ae7f46 | When should you call your doctor about insect bite symptoms? | Call 911 if you have any of these symptoms: Rapid swelling of the lips, tongue, throat, or around the eyes Difficulty breathing Wheezing or hoarseness Severe itching, cramping, or numbness Dizziness A reddish rash or hives Stomach cramps Loss of consciousness If you experience any of these things and have epinephrine on hand, don't hesitate to use it --even if you're not sure your symptoms are caused by allergies. Using an auto-injector pen as a precaution won't harm you. |
77be049fac1caa775564eb56e56fab51 | What are symptoms of a poisonous spider bite? | If you've been bitten by a poisonous spider, you may notice any of the following: Intense pain at the site of the wound Stiffness or joint pain Muscle spasms Abdominal pain, nausea or vomiting Fever or chills Difficulty breathing or swallowing A wound that spreads or turns into a sore (tissue around the wound might also die) Dizziness Difficulty speaking Convulsions Insect stings and bites can cause severe allergic reactions. Doctors call this âanaphylaxis.â Rarely, a spider bite can cause an allergic reaction doctors call âanaphylactic shock.â It can be fatal. Call 911 if you have any of these symptoms: Rapid swelling of the lips, tongue, throat, or around the eyes Difficulty breathing Wheezing or hoarseness Severe itching, cramping, or numbness Dizziness A reddish rash or hives Stomach cramps Loss of consciousness If you experience any of these things and have epinephrine on hand, don't hesitate to use it --even if you're not sure your symptoms are caused by allergies. |
225c95e969f446296075c44228173e44 | What is uric acid and what does it mean if you have high levels of it? | Typically, one of those waste products is uric acid. It's formed when your body breaks down purines, which are found in some foods, but also show up when cells die and get taken apart. Most of the uric acid leaves your body when you pee, and some when you poop. So if you have high levels of uric acid, it can be a sign of disease such as gout. That's when you might need a uric acid blood test, which measures how much uric acid you have in your blood. You may also hear this test called a serum uric acid test, serum urate, or UA. |
676177ab0965a9e12a0ed5246ad33acc | Why would I need a uric acid blood test? | Your doctor can use this test to help find out if you have: Gout: This is a form of arthritis where crystals from uric acid form in your joints and cause intense pain. You often feel it in your big toe, but can get it in your ankles, feet, hands, knees, and wrists, as well. It can also cause swelling, redness, and discomfort in those joints, and may limit your range of motion. Kidney stones: These are little, hard masses -- like small stones -- that form in your kidneys when you have too much uric acid. They may cause severe pain in your lower back that comes and goes, blood in your urine, throwing up, upset stomach, and an urgent need to pee. High uric acid level during chemo or radiation: These treatments kill a lot of cells in your body, which can raise the level of uric acid. The test is used to check that your level doesn't get too high. |
b4fc4f1f283a054203c112e8a0f463d4 | What other tests might I need in addition to a uric acid blood test? | Based on your symptoms and what your doctor's looking for, you may get: More tests for gout, including one where they take fluid from the joint with symptoms Urinalysis, a urine test that looks for more signs of kidney stones, including blood, white blood cells, and crystals in your pee If you don't seem to have gout or kidney stones, your doctor may order more blood or urine tests to look into what else might be triggering high uric acid levels. |
8615cb83a566cc3e1dbcb709feeb059f | What are signs of "chemo brain"? | Chemo brain can start during or after your treatment for cancer. The symptoms may disappear quickly after your chemotherapy ends, or they may linger for months. You may notice things like these happening to you: Forget things that you usually remember, like names, dates, and common words Feel "spaced out" or can't concentrate Find it hard to do more than one thing at a time Take longer than usual to do things, or feel like you're slow and disorganized Misplace objects Doctors don't fully understand why you get chemo brain. |
8a8ae311f9e33d9fb3bea53daec7c8b1 | When should I get tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? | You could have an HIV infection if you: Have had several sexual partners Had unprotected sex with someone who is or could be HIV-positive, including someone whose sexual history you don't know Injected drugs with a needle, syringe, or other equipment someone else had used first Have had or are getting tested for TB, hepatitis, or any sexually transmitted disease, including syphilis, gonorrhea, or herpes. Have had sex for drugs or money Had sex with someone who has a history of any of these Pregnant women should also get tested. And in fact, the CDC recommends that all persons in the United States between the ages of 13 and 64 get tested for HIV at least once. |
51582a19c503b5c53502d8b6eb0f320b | How do antibody screening tests help diagnose HIV? | These tests check for a kind of protein that your body makes in response to the HIV infection, 2-8 weeks later. They're also called immunoassay or ELISA tests. They're generally very accurate, but they won't catch early infections. Usually, a technician will take a small blood sample and send it to a lab for testing. Some immunoassay tests check urine or fluids from your mouth (not saliva), but there aren't as many antibodies in these, so you may not get a positive result even if you're infected. ( That's called a false negative.) |
0f31e3d8d4581511df5e81e39636cb4f | What is the link between depression and Parkinson's disease? | It's common in people with Parkinson's disease. Often, the depression begins years before any of the other Parkinson's symptoms show up. Depression can sometimes make your Parkinson's symptoms worse. Get in touch with your doctor if you notice any of these things happening to you for longer than 2 weeks at a time. You have a depressed mood. You can't find pleasure in things that you once enjoyed. You have trouble getting to sleep or you sleep too much. Your appetite changes. You feel tired or your energy levels change. It's hard to concentrate. You have low self-esteem. You have thoughts of death. |
81bdf7af199e1989a3dc0b5e227d53c2 | Do I need to do anything to prepare for an estrogen test? | A man might have an estrogen test to: Check on whether puberty is delayed Diagnose enlarged male breasts, a condition with doctors call gynecomastia Find if high estrogen levels are due to low levels of testosterone or androgen --two key hormones in men Find tumors that make estrogen You don't need to do anything special to prepare for an estrogen test. You don't need to stop eating or drinking anything before it as you do with some types of blood tests. But before the test, you should tell your doctor about all the medications and supplements you take. It's especially important to tell your doctor if you take birth control pills or hormone therapy, which may affect the test results. |
f23297ca70c968e55566eaec1a6dca53 | How does diabetes affect your foot health? | It makes them more likely to get ulcers and infections. |
bd045bb329c57509d148a817492364c5 | What are shoe inserts? | Shoe inserts can help with foot problems like flat arches and foot and leg pain. They provide extra support for different parts of your feet, like your heel, arch, or ball of the foot. You can get them over-the-counter. They're different from custom orthotics, which are prescribed by a doctor and designed for your feet. |
a2772d075e79eeb894d0f93974dda53f | What causes my feet to stink? | The two main culprits are sweating of the feet and your shoes. When your sweat mingles with the bacteria in your shoes and socks, it creates an odor. |
6836e7a8d0176f2269886f08ad1cb7ad | How can I get my feet to sweat less? | Start with good foot hygiene: Wash your feet with antibacterial soap. Make sure to clean between your toes. Dry your feet, and sprinkle them with cornstarch, foot powder, or antifungal powder. Wear moisture-wicking socks. Change socks frequently throughout the day. Still can't control it? See a doctor. Treatment options include prescription roll-on antiperspirants, Botox injections, iontophoresis (a treatment that temporarily plugs sweat glands) and surgery. |
8d64fbb95880df86912170d1d690a7ee | How can I prevent warts? | Follow these tips: Wear flip-flops in public showers, locker rooms, and pool areas. Change your shoes and socks every day. Keep your feet dry (warts thrive in moisture). Don't touch other people's warts or warts on other parts of your body. |
b6569a56bddff45475e3c3e1ebd62e0b | When should I call a doctor about foot pain? | Get to a doctor immediately if you: Have an open wound See signs of infection Are not able to walk Can't put weight on your foot Have diabetes and a wound that's either not getting better or is warm, red, deep, or swollen How can I prevent foot pain? |
bd332b48b6b84d62b6e22663e640dab9 | How do I treat corns? | Mild corns and calluses don't usually need treatment and will go away on their own. But there are some things you can do to help them go away more quickly: Wear thick socks to protect your skin. Rub your callus with a pumice stone while you're in the bath or shower. Use corn pads to relieve pressure. Apply salicylic acid to help dissolve corns and calluses. Be sure to follow directions carefully so you don't damage healthy skin. Never use acid treatments on your feet if you have diabetes. Wear prescription foot orthotics. |
114d3d3c75240ecb9288791eb6043ea1 | What are the main causes of foot pain? | Several things could be causing your aches. For women, high heels may be the biggest culprit. Other causes include being overweight, wearing poorly constructed shoes, a foot injury or a bruise, or faulty biomechanics, meaning that your walking gait isn't quite normal. |
c94caf973bc4f317af382821a63f20d1 | How can I prevent foot pain? | Solutions depend on what's triggering your pain, but here are some general pointers to remember: Wear properly fitted shoes, replacing them if they have too much wear on the heels or soles. Wear the right shoes for any activity you're doing. Avoid wearing high heels every day, and don't wear any that are higher than 2 inches. Lose weight if you need to. Give yourself time to warm up and cool down when you exercise. Stop smoking. Use an over-the-counter shoe insert or pad that targets your particular problem. |
81da0a00b62a89600ef5e0259152bb4f | How can I relieve foot pain? | Spend more time off your feet. Massage your feet to ease tension and aches. You can rub your feet with your hands or move them over a rolling pin. Take an over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medication for pain. Wear shoe inserts. Over-the-counter inserts may provide enough support. In some cases, your doctor may recommend prescription orthotics, which will be specially made for you. If you have swelling that hasn't improved within 2 to 5 days, pain that continues for a few weeks, or have burning pain, numbness, or tingling in your foot, call your doctor. |
749271421a78e48f7a8799a3c63c73a5 | How do I treat athleteâs foot? | Athlete's foot can be hard to treat. See your doctor to make sure it is a fungus and not another condition. Soaking your feet in warm water with Epsom salt may provide some relief. Your doctor may suggest an over-the-counter antifungal powder, cream, or spray or prescribe some medication you apply directly to your skin. In some cases, your doctor may prescribe antifungal pills. Be sure to keep using your medication as directed, even if your symptoms have gone away. This will help prevent it from returning. |
aa8230bd51e7e2f35ab342eedeef2475 | How can I prevent corns? | Because irritation is the main cause of corns and calluses, a few simple strategies can help you avoid them: Wear shoes that fit your feet properly. Avoid wearing high heels every day. Use gel pad inserts to further cut down on rubbing and pressure on your foot. |
4548af37f8b83cce68366e17157be2d3 | Why do my feet sweat so much? | It's likely inherited. Most people sweat when it's hot out, but people with hyperhidrosis sweat all the time. Hyperhidrosis is more common in men than women and in younger adults. Stress, medications, and hormonal changes can also trigger your body to sweat more. What problems can sweaty feet cause? |
a4a3fa0710cc07ae24550f1732ba9954 | What are the symptoms of childhood asthma? | Possible signs and symptoms of asthma in children include: Frequent coughing spells, which can happen during play, at night, or while laughing or crying A chronic cough (which may be the only symptom) Less energy during play Rapid breathing (from time to time) Complaint of chest tightness or chest hurting Wheezing -- a whistling sound when breathing in or out Retractions -- seesaw motions in the chest from labored breathing Shortness of breath, loss of breath Tightened neck and chest muscles Feeling weak or tired While these are some signs, your child's doctor should check out any illness that makes it hard for her to breathe. |
a8f8f3c9c9d8f928a98af666514b68fb | What can make a child more likely to get asthma? | Many things can make childhood asthma more likely: Nasal allergies (hay fever) or eczema (allergic skin rash) A family history of asthma or allergies Frequent respiratory infections Low birth weight Exposure to tobacco smoke before or after birth Black or Puerto Rican ethnicity Being raised in a low-income environment Avoiding triggers, using medications, and keeping an eye on daily asthma symptoms are the ways to control asthma in children of all ages. |
de9e8c69832d4efde439dc04c7d9f340 | What are the signs of slow transit constipation? | Signs of this kind of constipation include: Not feeling the urge to go to the bathroom Pooping less than once a week Passing dry, hard stools A bloated or painful belly This type is more common in young women. Doctors aren't sure why. Laxatives and fiber may not work for this type, but behavioral training (biofeedback) may help. |
b348d8298bd4314c4a402a89586df13c | When does someone have a defecation disorder? | You may have this problem if you: Spend a lot of time on the toilet straining and pushing to move your bowels Use your fingers to get stool out or use enemas frequently Laxatives or fiber supplements don't relieve your constipation People with this type often have hemorrhoids, cracks around the anus called fissures, and hard, impacted stools. These problems need treatment because they can make it even more difficult and painful to go. It's not clear what brings this kind of constipation on, but it's often treated with behavioral and relaxation training. |
6c9e8a552decd8c1951d8768ab864db8 | What are defecation disorders? | Defecation disorders: It takes coordinated muscle movements in your pelvic floor to move stool out of your body. These muscles, including your anal sphincter, need to relax at the right time for you to poop comfortably. If you have this type of constipation, you may feel the urge to go but have a hard time doing it. It may be painful. |
06cc0ee2843259714884f83b52690394 | What is functional constipation? | When you have chronic (long-lasting) constipation, you need to find out what's causing it. It could be a medical condition or even medications that you take that are backing you up. But it could also be that your body's waste disposal system isn't working as it should. This is called functional or primary constipation. It's constipation not caused by something else, and it's more common in young children and older adults. |
96bdeda42426e1670310d8331a224ee0 | What is normal transit constipation? | There are 3 different types: Normal transit constipation: This is the most common. When you have this, muscles in your colon squeeze and relax the way they should: not too fast and not too slow. Your waste moves at the right speed. Still, your stool may be hard and difficult to pass. You may have belly pain or bloating, too. It usually gets better by eating more fiber-rich foods or by using a certain kind of laxative. |
dfdf2e8ab2e0df3e3e58612defded357 | What is slow transit constipation? | Slow transit constipation: This means your colon isn't moving waste fast enough. Doctors don't know exactly why this happens. |
ddcba621775bbab49be4f47e7b51568d | Why should I talk to the surgeon before undergoing back surgery? | That said, any operation has some degree of risk, including: Reaction to anesthesia or other drugs Bleeding Infection Blood clots, for instance in your legs or lungs Heart attack Stroke Herniated disk Nerve damage, which can lead to weakness, paralysis, pain, sexual dysfunction, or loss of bowel or bladder control The odds that something could go wrong go up for people with certain health conditions. They also vary by type of surgery. Part of your surgeon's job is to identify potential problems. So talk it over before you head to the OR. |
8693cff26f9e16ed89fb905000791bd2 | What's the biggest rsk of back surgery? | The biggest risk of back surgery: Not knowing for sure if it's going to help with your pain. The best thing you can do is talk openly with your surgeon so he knows what's going on with your health and you know what to expect before you go into the operating room. |
b5a535c55670fbede6695d94fbebdc46 | What are the risks of back surgery? | Most people who get back surgery have minimal, if any, complications. That said, any operation has some degree of risk, including: Reaction to anesthesia or other drugs Bleeding Infection Blood clots, for instance in your legs or lungs Heart attack Stroke Herniated disk Nerve damage, which can lead to weakness, paralysis, pain, sexual dysfunction, or loss of bowel or bladder control The odds that something could go wrong go up for people with certain health conditions. |
92d50c4027956363cc6365df3f3edd00 | What is foraminotomy? | The surgeon cuts away bone at the sides of your vertebrae to widen the space where nerves exit your spine. The extra room may relieve pressure on the nerves and ease your pain. Like a laminectomy, this procedure can also make your spine less stable. So the surgeon may do a spinal fusion at the same time. That'll increase the amount of time you need for recovery. |
94d961b8c1d422214919e21106e127fb | What is a dixkectomy? | In a diskectomy, the surgeon removes all or part of the disk. He may have to make a big cut in your back, or he may be able to do it through a small one called microdiscectomy. Microdiscectomy is performed with an operating microscope through a smaller incision than open discectomy and has become the standard surgical procedure for lumbar disc herniation. Sometimes a diskectomy is part of a larger surgery that includes laminectomy, foraminotomy, or spinal fusion. |
6e8527c32d0bfc9c0b05f1b4945b963c | What are the benefits of back surgery? | Often, the result is more than just a drop in pain. You may find: You can move around better. You're more physically fit. Your mood improves. You don't need to take as much pain medicine. You can go back to work. You're more productive at work. |
b62fa7a424ddd258aca202aef0eb9122 | How can someone prevent a stroke? | If you have diabetes and your doctor suspects your arteries are hardened, he may suggest diet and lifestyle changes -- along with medicines -- to prevent the blockages that lead to stroke. Other ways to lower your odds of a stroke include: Don't smoke. Control your blood sugar level. Stay at a healthy weight. Exercise regularly. Get your cholesterol checked (especially your LDL, or "bad," cholesterol). The target should be an LDL level of less than 100 mg/dl. Your doctor may suggest changes to your diet to help get the numbers down. Limit the amount of alcohol you drink. The guidelines are no more than one drink per day for women and two drinks a day for men. Have your blood pressure checked. Your doctor will tell you how to get it under control it if it's high. Take preventive medicines if your doctor prescribes them. Take daily aspirin if prescribed by your doctor. Some people with diabetes can benefit from low doses of aspirin (81 mg - 325 mg a day) to prevent heart disease. |
304f88485b911ae1d35a298f7e5e890d | What is a stroke? | In a stroke, one of the many blood vessels that supply your brain with oxygen becomes damaged or blocked. If the blood flow is cut off for more than 3 to 4 minutes, that part of your brain begins to die. There are two types of strokes: Hemorrhagic strokes are caused by a ruptured artery. |
2d142ebf5044ef5676d2eb6d58c5f18b | Is there anything I can do to prevent stroke if I have diabetes? | Some people with diabetes can benefit from low doses of aspirin (81 mg - 325 mg a day) to prevent heart disease. |
537f4b032dc645d8743bb70d4cde71c5 | What are some other treatments for a stroke? | Other treatment options include a surgery called carotid endarterectomy to remove plaque from inside your carotid artery, which supplies much of the blood to your brain. Another treatment is known as carotid angioplasty and stenting. Doctors insert a deflated balloon into the artery to expand its walls. They follow it with a mesh structure, the stent, which holds the artery open. This procedure may not be as effective, especially if you have diabetes. |
66da73ed479273ecd1236ff460b27867 | What is the treatment for stroke? | Sudden numbness or weakness in the face, arm, or leg (especially on one side of the body) Trouble speaking or understanding words or simple sentences Sudden blurred vision or worse vision in one or both eyes Sudden trouble swallowing Dizziness, loss of balance, or lack of coordination Brief loss of consciousness Sudden inability to move part of the body (paralysis) Sudden, unexplainable, and intense headache One treatment for ischemic stroke is a clot-buster drug called t PA, which must be taken within the first 3 hours after stroke symptoms begin. It dissolves the clot that has clogged an artery and can restore blood flow to brain tissue. But this drug isn't for all people who have an ischemic stroke, especially if you've had major surgery in the previous 2 weeks or recent head trauma. Also, several new and experimental drugs may stop and even reverse brain damage if taken immediately after a stroke. Other treatment options include a surgery called carotid endarterectomy to remove plaque from inside your carotid artery, which supplies much of the blood to your brain. Another treatment is known as carotid angioplasty and stenting. Doctors insert a deflated balloon into the artery to expand its walls. They follow it with a mesh structure, the stent, which holds the artery open. This procedure may not be as effective, especially if you have diabetes. There are other ways to remove a blood clot in the brain. The FDA has approved the Merci Retrieval System and the Penumbra System for certain people. These devices can remove a blood clot after the stroke. |
daac10181fb0c57b618f4cada58cfea6 | What are synbiotics? | Synbiotics: These are a combination of probiotics and prebiotics. Early studies show these might help people with IBS. But doctors need more research to learn if and how they should be recommended. |
b42a455902203e155cf1a91760cc5a77 | What foods are good sources of prebiotics if you have irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)? | Fruits and vegetables are also good sources of prebiotics, especially bananas, onions, garlic, leeks, asparagus, and artichokes, plus soybeans and whole wheat foods. |
b7a40ce2a31920457fe9f223d3a515c8 | How can I get enough water but not so much that I have to pee all the time? | Here are six tips for managing your fluid intake: Spread out fluid intake throughout the day, sipping water between meals. Unless exercising, don't carry a large water bottle with you. Fill your cup or glass half-way or use a smaller cup. Sip, don't gulp. If you're drinking enough water, your urine should be light yellow or almost colorless. Remember that you also get fluids in other foods, such as fruits, vegetables, and soups. |
dce1cd9d7ecbdf488e577cac57a234d9 | How can lupus lead to elbow pain? | Lupus: This is another illness where your immune system attacks healthy parts of your body, including your joints and organs. It more commonly affects your hands and feet, but it can cause problems in your elbow. |
066bf72cd9656dba1318b6774d366ae3 | How can trapped nerves lead to elbow pain? | Trapped nerves: You might be familiar with carpal tunnel syndrome, where a nerve that passes through your wrist gets squeezed and causes some wrist and arm issues. You can have similar problems in your elbow. If you have cubital tunnel syndrome, one of the main nerves in your arm (the ulnar nerve) gets squeezed as it runs along the inside of your elbow and passes through tissue called the cubital tunnel. You may have burning or numbness in your hand, arm, and fingers. If you have radial tunnel syndrome, you have a similar issue with the radial nerve as it passes through the radial tunnel near the outside of your elbow. You may have burning or numbness on your outside forearm and elbow. |
143e782e617b3084a8760786ebcdc81d | How can bursitis lead to elbow pain? | Bursitis: Often caused by repeating the same motion over and over, you can also get bursitis from an accident or infection. Bursa are small sacs with fluid in them. You have them in your joints to help cushion your bones, tendons, and muscles. They also help skin slide over bone. But they can get swollen and cause you pain. Often, bursitis is simply treated with pain medicine and starts to get better within a few weeks. |
64cd38874f877aa01005fa1a82ee7fea | How can arthritis cause elbow pain? | Arthritis: Many types of arthritis can affect your elbow, but the main ones are rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common type of arthritis in the elbow. When you have it, your immune system attacks your body's healthy tissue and causes swelling in your joints. You get osteoarthritis when your elbow cartilage breaks down over time, which means the bones rub together and cause pain and stiffness. |
925412deb134470de0c7a3524a550342 | Why does my elbow hurt? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Your elbow lets you throw, lift, swing, and hug, for starters. You can do all this because it's not a simple joint. And that means there are a lot of ways things can go wrong. Your elbow's a joint formed where three bones come together -- your upper arm bone, called the humerus, and the ulna and the radius, the two bones that make up your forearm. Each bone has cartilage on the end, which helps them slide against each other and absorb shocks. They're lashed into place with tough tissues called ligaments. And your tendons connect your bones to muscles to allow you to move your arm in different ways. If anything happens to any of these parts, not to mention the nerves and blood vessels around them, it can cause you pain. |
cf656c72424f45883d47668dd2336fbf | Can visual impairments be passed genetically? | Infantile cataracts (a cloudy lens) and congenital glaucoma (a disorder that damages the optic nerve) often run in families. |
60d2a02f6dc44240cda857041665a8ca | What is ptosis? | Ptosis , or drooping of the upper eyelid, usually requires surgery if it affects vision or can be corrected in adulthood for cosmetic reasons. |
0eb7c9097353105605ea59651f216399 | Can I make time for myself if my child is severely visually impaired? | Learn all you can about your child's disability and the options for treatment and education. |
f73e65cd779d4b6804ba64cd08ce2d68 | What is amblyopia (lazy eye)? | Amblyopia, also know as "lazy eye," occurs when vision in one eye is reduced. This happens because the brain and eye are not working together. Patching or special eye drops may help treat it. |
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