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7fc2217f3d49a7dfe0df7e838233f556 | How effective are spermicides? | Spermicide used alone is about 70% to 80% effective, but when used together and properly, spermicide and condoms are about 97% effective in preventing pregnancy. |
c155cb78e966f77a4343b29bae9d03b5 | Why should people with weakened immune systems get a pneumonia vaccine? | Many diseases can cause your immune system to weaken, so it's less able to fight off bugs like pneumonia. If you have heart disease, diabetes, emphysema, asthma, or COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), you're more likely to have a weakened immune system, which makes you more likely to get pneumonia. The same goes for people who receive chemotherapy, people who have had organ transplants, and people with HIV or AIDS. |
d5ddc13019a211aaaf8d1e10c3dc441e | Why should people over the age of 65 get a pneumonia vaccine? | As you age, your immune system doesn't work as well as it once did. You're more likely to have trouble fighting off a pneumonia infection. All adults over age 65 should get the vaccine. |
2c24ba718b30e366523b6328eb107a74 | Why should people getting over surgery get a pneumonia vaccine? | People getting over surgery or a severe illness. If you were in the hospital ICU (intensive care unit) and needed help breathing with a ventilator, you're at risk of getting pneumonia. The same is true if you've just had major surgery or if you're healing from a serious injury. When your immune system is weak because of illness or injury or because it's helping you get better from surgery, you can't fight off germs as well as you normally can. |
74fb06e9c50a8acae65f91dcdc90c1fa | Do I need a pneumonia vaccine? | And if you've had the shot and you do get pneumonia anyway, you will probably have a much milder case. Older adults and some people with health problems are more likely to get pneumonia, a lung infection that makes it harder to breathe. It's more common among people whose immune systems are weak. |
30da480b27248b60d02128ffb04c3bc9 | Why should smokers get a pneumonia vaccine? | If you've smoked for a long time, you could have damage to the small hairs that line the insides of your lungs and help filter out germs. When they're damaged, they aren't as good at stopping those bad germs. |
2405b1f3ee614a0b1b9ed54cc27adbb6 | How does a pneumonia vaccine work? | PPSV23 protects against an additional 23 types of pneumonia bacteria. Neither can prevent every type of pneumonia, but they work against more than 30 common, severe types. People who need a pneumonia vaccine should get both shots: first, the PCV13 shot and then the PPSV23 shot a year or more later. For most people, one of each shot should be enough to protect them for their entire lives. Sometimes, you may need a booster shot. Ask your doctor whether you should get one. You cannot get pneumonia from the vaccine. The shots only contain an extract of the pneumonia bacteria, not the actual bacteria that cause the illness. |
64f706e01485e68f24abce78ba15214f | What are the symptoms that can occur with chronic pain? | The pain can feel like: A dull ache Throbbing Burning Shooting Squeezing Stinging Soreness Stiffness Sometimes pain is just one of many symptoms, which can also include: Feeling very tired or wiped out Not feeling hungry Trouble sleeping Mood changes Weakness A lack of energy Chronic pain can interfere with your daily life, keeping you from doing things you want and need to do. |
8f49c4d7884b435521e96a091f5881b8 | What makes you feel chronic pain? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } The feeling of pain comes from a series of messages that zip through your nervous system. When you hurt yourself, the injury turns on pain sensors in that area. They send a message in the form of an electrical signal, which travels from nerve to nerve until it reaches your brain. Your brain processes the signal and sends out the message that you hurt. Usually the signal stops when the cause of the pain is resolved -- your body repairs the wound on your finger or your torn muscle. But with chronic pain, the nerve signals keep firing even after you've healed. |
34a50a073c7a27395454e01d81851ec1 | What are the symptoms of chronic pain? | Some of the leading causes include: Past injuries or surgeries Back problems Migraines and other headaches Arthritis Nerve damage Infections Fibromyalgia, a condition in which people feel muscle pain throughout their bodies Chronic pain can range from mild to severe. It can continue day after day or come and go. The pain can feel like: A dull ache Throbbing Burning Shooting Squeezing Stinging Soreness Stiffness Sometimes pain is just one of many symptoms, which can also include: Feeling very tired or wiped out Not feeling hungry Trouble sleeping Mood changes Weakness A lack of energy Chronic pain can interfere with your daily life, keeping you from doing things you want and need to do. |
825bd35a3000b737fab5320fae0b3aac | Which conditions cause chronic pain? | Sometimes chronic pain can begin without any obvious cause. But for many people, it starts after an injury or because of a health condition. Some of the leading causes include: Past injuries or surgeries Back problems Migraines and other headaches Arthritis Nerve damage Infections Fibromyalgia, a condition in which people feel muscle pain throughout their bodies Chronic pain can range from mild to severe. |
96eee737a326b1419b19f2df2b19031b | What is precocious puberty? | When a child has precocious puberty, she or he starts developing sexual characteristics early, before ages 7 or 8 for girls and age 9 for boys. |
a0684297e9fe2f0fc637cbd4ff50acb0 | What are the signs of precocious puberty? | The signs include breast development, penis and/or testicle growth, rapid jumps in height, pubic or underarm hair, and acne. |
edcf805aa4830301126a3ff477f5783a | How is precocious puberty treated? | Many parents of children with precocious puberty choose to put their child on a treatment that lowers the level of sex hormones and slows puberty to a crawl. Delaying puberty can give the child's bones a chance to grow at their own pace for a longer period of time. It also gives the child's mind, emotions, and social skills a chance to come up to speed. |
6f28e92aea11d058ae7c12377d264c2d | What happens to your bones if you have precocious puberty? | Bones matures during puberty, and when puberty starts early, the growth spurt begins and ends sooner than normal. At first, children with precocious puberty tower over their friends who haven't started to grow. But within a few years, they may stand among the shortest in their class. Diagnosing the condition early can help the child's growth return to the appropriate pre-precocious rate. |
de32412deee83397c4fcc4c79957166c | How does early puberty occur in girls? | If a girl shows any sign of beginning puberty -- the onset of breasts -- before turning age 7, she may have precocious puberty. |
975740ba4c48d412219958185548ff36 | How can I support my joints during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis? | Use your strongest muscles and larger joints when possible. For example, lean into a door to open it and hook your grocery bag over your forearm instead of holding it in your fingers. Braces, wraps, or splints can support weak, sore joints. Wear flat, supportive shoes. |
a63892ef51a27dd3f70f00ac619a72ed | How can I relieve stress or anxiety during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis? | Stress and anxiety can make your symptoms worse. Deep breathing exercises, guided imagery, yoga, tai chi, hypnosis, visualization, or muscle relaxation can help control your pain. You can also relieve stress by talking with a friend, taking part in a support group, writing in a journal, or engaging in a relaxing hobby. A massage or acupuncture can help ease pain and stress. |
81bfcd85acbdf648ea95520e75afc2fb | What should I stay away from during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis? | Stress and anxiety can make your symptoms worse. |
488c199c37ab8ea75e4783380b9c5d8d | Should I use heat packs if I have a flare of rheumatoid arthritis? | Try heating pads, warm baths, or hot compresses. |
e9f9eabec168d35992c84d122f95887f | What foods should I eat during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis? | Cold-water fish (like salmon) are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which have been shown to fight inflammation. It may help if you eat small amounts several times a day rather than big meals. |
b351c486daf14e9ddf7e6d3ac066720f | Can I lose my appetite during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis? | During a flare, you may lose your appetite. And you may not have the energy to prepare meals. But it's important to eat a balanced, nutritious diet even -- and especially -- when you feel poorly. Your body needs fuel to heal. |
9f685392a3345ecd34c365787a0ef6d1 | How can I balance activity and rest during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis? | At the height of your flare, you may need complete bed rest. Your body may not give you any choice. But try not to stay in bed for more than a day or two. Spending too much time lying on the bed or sofa will make you stiff and increase your pain. Once you start to feel a bit better, get up, stretch, go for a walk, and continue with as many of your usual activities as possible. You may need to cut back on your work, exercise, and social activities, but don't abandon them. Take breaks when you get tired. |
222a5eb4d142f4efd21ea2b160800454 | How can cleaning your face gently help with treating eczema? | Clean gently. Soap can irritate your skin, but washing with water alone may not be enough, especially if your face is oily. Use a gentle non-soap cleanser instead. |
ea271bfec184a65bded1da305e580a00 | How do steroid creams help treat eczema? | These are a key part of eczema treatment. Over-the-counter hydrocortisone cream can help with red, itchy skin. Put it on once or twice a day for several weeks. If that doesn't work well enough, you may need a stronger prescription steroid. Use it only for a short time, though, because it can thin your skin. |
879eaab85234846c35aa60791b0ed086 | Do humidity and temperature affect eczema? | Use only cool -- not hot -- water on your face, and for as little time as possible. Stay away from places that are too hot or activities that make you sweat. They can make you itchy. Air that's either too dry or too humid also can irritate your eczema. |
23c230862e79496b7292837db9f903b1 | Does phototherapy (ultraviolet light therapy) help treat eczema? | This may help if your eczema is moderate to severe and cream medications haven't worked. Keep in mind that using this type of treatment for a long time can raise your odds for skin cancer. |
13b74d5b5ef33fd4d9e94fdc70547666 | Does the sun help with eczema? | Some people's eczema gets worse in sunlight, while it's the opposite for others. |
df946e75e9801f67afca628d0e1a1d65 | When might I need an anti-yeast medication for eczema treatment? | Check for fungus. Your doctor may prescribe anti-yeast ointments or creams if your eczema is caused by a fungal infection. High levels of one kind of yeast normally found on skin can show up on people with atopic eczema on their heads or necks. |
97b653a6d9b42ece460089ad3cb28064 | What kinds of moisturizers help if you have eczema on your face? | The best way to keep your skin from drying out is with thick creams ( Cetaphil, Eucerin) and ointments ( Aquaphor, Vaseline), not with thinner lotions. The best time to do this is right after you wash your face. If ointments are too greasy for your face, try using them only at night. |
6d965bc9d81c4502ab798cd47ef0ebf3 | How can calcineurin inhibitors help with treating eczema on the face? | Your doctor may prescribe these instead of a steroid cream. These creams and ointments block chemicals that can make your eczema flare. They're used particularly to treat eczema on your face, including your eyelids, neck, and skin folds. |
36e1706afbadd5f0775c5e2a78b6311c | Are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | NSAIDs As part of rheumatoid arthritis treatment, your doctor will probably prescribe a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug ( NSAID). These medications reduce pain and inflammation but do not slow down RA. So if you have moderate to severe RA, you'll probably also need to take other drugs to prevent further joint damage. |
a988f25b33b3de6a078ef728d823f546 | Are nutritional supplements used to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | Nutritional supplements: Keep in mind that even natural supplements can interact with medicines. So tell your doctor of all medicines and supplements you take. She can make sure they're OK for you. Research shows that omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil have an anti-inflammatory effect in the body. Several studies have shown that fish oil supplements may help reduce morning stiffness with RA. Some studies show that borage seed oil along with anti-inflammatory painkillers can reduce RA symptoms. These studies show that in people with RA, joints were less tender and swollen after 6 weeks. |
64be469104a81ec5be9f4d0aaa843509 | Is physical and occupational therapy used to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | Physical and occupational therapy make a big difference to your daily life. They are a key part of any rheumatoid arthritis treatment plan. Physical therapists can give you an exercise plan, teach you how to use heat and ice, do therapeutic massage, and encourage and motivate you. Occupational therapists help you handle daily tasks -- like cooking or using your computer -- and show you easier ways to do those things. They can also check on whether any gadgets would help you. |
3ee1e1a8f282c2606a3426cc5f2058e7 | What is the typical treatment for rheumatoid arthritis? | Treatment usually includes medications, occupational or physical therapy, and regular exercise. Some people need surgery to correct joint damage. Early, aggressive treatment is key to good results. And with today's treatments, joint damage can be slowed or stopped in many cases. |
7d38513c58a45ac87c460544023866e6 | How can applying heat and cold help with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | Heat and cold: Ice packs can reduce joint swelling and inflammation. Heat compresses relax muscles and stimulate blood flow. |
1faa332acd39f04faecd8a53f0edc432 | When are biologics used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | When methotrexate or other DMARDS don't ease RA symptoms and inflammation, doctors may recommend a biologic. These are genetically engineered proteins. They block specific parts of the immune system that play a key role in inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis. They may slow or stop RA. |
4a4534d5d1e29d7304b790410ff68ba1 | How can cognitive therapy help treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | Because one of the most trying aspects of rheumatoid arthritis is learning to live with pain, many doctors recommend pain management training. They may call it âcognitive therapy.â The goal is to improve your emotional and psychological well-being as you develop ways to relax, handle stress, and pace yourself. For instance, it may include activity scheduling, guided imagery, relaxation, distraction, and creative problem-solving. |
00519a097b44660a5e5839ee5a4b3e26 | What are potential side effects of long-term steroid use to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | Potential side effects of long-term steroid use include high blood pressure, osteoporosis, and diabetes. But when used appropriately, steroids quickly improve pain and inflammation. |
2515910e86505e3973d1d624cccb6bbc | What are some risks associated with using biologics to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | Biologics include: Abatacept ( Orencia) Adalimumab ( Humira) Adalimumab-atto ( Amjevita), a biosimilar to Humira Anakinra ( Kineret) Baricitinib ( Olumiant) Certolizumab ( Cimzia) Etanercept ( Enbrel) Etanercept-szzs ( Ereizi), a biosimilar to Enbrel Golimumab ( Simponi, Simponi Aria) Infliximab ( Remicade) Infliximab-dyyb ( Inflectra), a biosimilar to Remicade Rituximab ( Rituxan) Sarilumab ( Kevzara) Tocilizumab ( Actemra) Tofacitinib ( Xeljanz) Since biologics suppress the immune system, they raise the risk of infection. Severe infections have been reported with biologics. |
7ca1ca219891dc02ea95eb5faf26d735 | How are steroids used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | For severe RA or when RA symptoms flare, your doctor may recommend steroids to ease the pain and stiffness of affected joints. In most cases, they can be used temporarily to calm a symptom flare. But some people need to take steroids for a longer time to control pain and inflammation. You can get steroids as a shot directly into an inflamed joint or take them as a pill. These are not the type of steroids that bulk up your muscles. Potential side effects of long-term steroid use include high blood pressure, osteoporosis, and diabetes. But when used appropriately, steroids quickly improve pain and inflammation. |
3b3e6d26b3b95eda183231e056dfbb03 | How can exercise help with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | When your joints are stiff and painful, exercise might be the last thing on your mind. Yet with RA, exercising regularly is one of the best things you can do. People who work out live longer, with or without rheumatoid arthritis. Regular exercise can cut down on RA pain. Your bones will be stronger. Thinning of the bones can be a problem with rheumatoid arthritis, especially if you need to take steroids. Stronger muscles help you move better. Your mood and energy level will benefit. |
9d8033bd0d3dbbc127ee237f42cb7583 | Is exercise useful in treating rheumatoid arthritis? | When your joints are stiff and painful, exercise might be the last thing on your mind. Yet with RA, exercising regularly is one of the best things you can do. People who work out live longer, with or without rheumatoid arthritis. Regular exercise can cut down on RA pain. Your bones will be stronger. Thinning of the bones can be a problem with rheumatoid arthritis, especially if you need to take steroids. Stronger muscles help you move better. Your mood and energy level will benefit. |
36eaa8e3240f7f5cac665aed055c8bf5 | What are the main treatment goals of rheumatoid arthritis? | The main treatment goals with rheumatoid arthritis are to control inflammation, relieve pain, and reduce disability associated with RA.. |
6bc8e2a5a9bdfd5d3a154b405291dc0a | Is acupuncture used to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | Acupuncture: Studies show that acupuncture curbs pain, may lower the need for painkillers, and is good for flexibility in affected joints. |
42ccdd6d1d1491a25f207279f55cf8fb | How can smoking affect your treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | If you smoke, make it a priority to quit. If you keep smoking, it may make your RA treatment less effective. |
bfa053c0e6a5eddb4280c669ab31f119 | How are disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | â DMARDsâ stands for disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. They help slow or stop RA from getting worse. Doctors usually first prescribe methotrexate to treat rheumatoid arthritis. If that alone doesn't calm the inflammation, doctors may try or add a different type of DMARD. Other DMARDs include hydroxychloroquine ( Plaquenil), leflunomide ( Arava) and sulfasalazine ( Azulfidine). In rheumatoid arthritis, an overactive immune system targets joints and other areas of the body. DMARDs curb the immune system, but they aren't selective in their targets. They can lead to infection and a wide variety of other side effects. DMARDs, particularly methotrexate, have made dramatic improvements in severe rheumatoid arthritis and can help save your joints. |
bd76b6db4ca0da28983144271a587cac | Are there side effects from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs? | There are many prescription NSAIDs that your doctor will consider. All of them carry a warning about the increased risk of heart attack and stroke. NSAIDs can also raise blood pressure and can cause stomach irritation, ulcers, and bleeding. You and your doctor can weigh the benefits of NSAIDs against the potential risks. You may have to try a few different ones to find the one that's right for you. |
0b5013c3bae4ccf6ba49c37fc46f927a | Is surgery necessary to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | If joint pain and inflammation become unbearable or joints are severely damaged, some people need joint replacement surgery. The hips and knees, and sometimes the shoulders, are the most common joints that get replaced. Surgery can dramatically improve pain and mobility. Most people wait until after age 50, because artificial joints tend to wear down after 15 to 20 years. Some joints, such as the ankles, don't respond well to artificial replacement and do better with joint fusion, which is a different operation. |
897fe6d8926e3e1fd854032d4ff97313 | Is cognitive therapy used to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | Because one of the most trying aspects of rheumatoid arthritis is learning to live with pain, many doctors recommend pain management training. They may call it âcognitive therapy.â The goal is to improve your emotional and psychological well-being as you develop ways to relax, handle stress, and pace yourself. For instance, it may include activity scheduling, guided imagery, relaxation, distraction, and creative problem-solving. |
0ae6dd8cf6bbf2347efd9b47434302fa | What over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | Over-the-counter NSAIDs include ibuprofen and naproxen. Most people with RA need a prescription NSAID as they offer a higher dose with longer-lasting results and require fewer doses throughout the day. |
c45a4d0f8fbf4d23e6ee56884a9ba4e0 | How can eating more fruits and veggies help manage knee osteoarthritis (OA)? | Eat More Fruits and Veggies Feel free to eat plenty of these. Many are loaded with antioxidants -- substances that can help protect your cells from damage. Some antioxidants, found in fruits and veggies like apples, onions, shallots, and strawberries, may also help reduce joint inflammation and pain. |
21d20fc776fce0ee949aa1bef5197ad8 | How does vitamin C help manage knee osteoarthritis (OA)? | Get Enough Vitamin C A key element for joint health, vitamin C helps build collagen and connective tissue. A lot of tasty foods can give you this nutrient. Try citrus fruits, red peppers, strawberries, broccoli, cabbage, and kale. Aim for the recommended amount of 75 milligrams a day for women or 90 milligrams a day for men. |
fc76145e8a7e71d761b09d32615864aa | How can healthy eating help manage knee osteoarthritis (OA)? | There's no specific diet that treats your problem, but you can get some big health benefits if you eat smart. You'll keep your weight under control, build strong cartilage, and cut some inflammation. |
0fbbac3c8d6500448fa71e914fd47eb0 | How do Omega-3 fatty acids help manage knee osteoarthritis (OA)? | Add Omega-3 Fatty Acids Omega-3s may help relieve your joint pain and decrease morning stiffness. They work by reducing inflammation in your body. One easy way to add them to your diet is to eat two 3-ounce servings of fatty fish each week. Some of the best sources of omega-3s are trout, salmon, mackerel, herring, tuna, and sardines. |
1b6a5a10f879f570afc7ff2c94f4b4d4 | How does olive oil help manage knee osteoarthritis (OA)? | Use Olive Oil in Place of Other Fats One study shows that a compound in olive oil, called oleocanthal, helps prevent inflammation. It works in much the same way that NSAIDs do. Olive oils with the strongest flavor have the highest amount. About 3 1/2 tablespoons of olive oil offers the same relief as 200 milligrams of ibuprofen. But that much oil also gives you about 400 calories. To add olive oil to your diet without extra calories, use it in place of other fats, such as butter. |
46a31525fae6a6b203c9be1e0eb7017d | What are the symptoms of gastritis? | However, the most common symptoms include: Nausea or recurrent upset stomach Abdominal bloating Abdominal pain Vomiting Indigestion Burning or gnawing feeling in the stomach between meals or at night Hiccups Loss of appetite Vomiting blood or coffee ground-like material Black, tarry stools To diagnose gastritis, your doctor will review your personal and family medical history, perform a thorough physical evaluation, and may recommend any of the following tests: Upper endoscopy. |
75f972ba8b72bcb5b2bd901bd7006767 | What does the treatment for gastritis involve? | Treatment for gastritis usually involves: Taking antacids and other drugs (such as proton pump inhibitors or H-2 blockers) to reduce stomach acid Avoiding hot and spicy foods For gastritis caused by H. pylori infection, your doctor will prescribe a regimen of several antibiotics plus an acid blocking drug (used for heartburn) If the gastritis is caused by pernicious anemia, B12 vitamin shots will be given. Eliminating irritating foods from your diet such as lactose from dairy or gluten from wheat Once the underlying problem disappears, the gastritis usually does, too. You should talk to your doctor before stopping any medicine or starting any gastritis treatment on your own. |
9871bb970b4c59aba85aecad486798f1 | How does an upper endoscopy help diagnose gastritis? | However, the most common symptoms include: Nausea or recurrent upset stomach Abdominal bloating Abdominal pain Vomiting Indigestion Burning or gnawing feeling in the stomach between meals or at night Hiccups Loss of appetite Vomiting blood or coffee ground-like material Black, tarry stools To diagnose gastritis, your doctor will review your personal and family medical history, perform a thorough physical evaluation, and may recommend any of the following tests: Upper endoscopy. An endoscope, a thin tube containing a tiny camera, is inserted through your mouth and down into your stomach to look at the stomach lining. The doctor will check for inflammation and may perform a biopsy, a procedure in which a tiny sample of tissue is removed and then sent to a laboratory for analysis. |
de443e4a4712a0b6e2cc555cdb51afdc | How is a fecal occult blood test (stool test) used to diagnose gastritis? | This test checks for the presence of blood in your stool, a possible sign of gastritis. |
a141a0d225d94a318f264aac7b6c6832 | What is gastritis? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Gastritis is an inflammation, irritation, or erosion of the lining of the stomach. It can occur suddenly (acute) or gradually (chronic). |
6a469d22b57000d0affea1208a344e32 | When is it time to call the doctor if I have a gout attack? | You have a higher risk of gout if you: Are overweight Eat foods high in purines (anchovies, asparagus, dried beans, liver, sardines, gravy, beer, and animal organs) Drink too much alcohol Take certain medicines A gout attack will usually go away in about 3 to 10 days. But you can feel better sooner if you treat it. To be sure that you have gout, see your doctor. He'll examine you, and he might do some tests. |
c5e9e7582a150a41f7eaebbd56e248f2 | How common is gout? | In the U. S., about 1 person in 50 gets gout. It's more common in men than in women and children. And it tends to run in families. You have a higher risk of gout if you: Are overweight Eat foods high in purines (anchovies, asparagus, dried beans, liver, sardines, gravy, beer, and animal organs) Drink too much alcohol Take certain medicines A gout attack will usually go away in about 3 to 10 days. |
716097e23b72e6da80f2f9dbea1e4c4a | What are ways to fight gout? | The good news is that gout can be controlled with medicine. To manage the pain, apply ice, raise the affected area, rest, and take a pain reliever such as ibuprofen. These steps can help prevent another gout attack: Exercise and eat a balanced diet to control your weight. Drinking lots of water may help prevent uric acid stones. Stay away from sugary drinks. Avoid alcohol. Eat less meat and seafood. Get protein from things like low-fat dairy products (yogurt, cheese, milk). Take medicines to lower uric acid levels. People with gout usually do quite well once they learn to manage an attack and prevent future attacks. The first step is see your doctor to make sure that gout is the real cause of those red, painful, swollen joints. |
5f1c7400700c7f5f4918277cb1656681 | What tests will help determine if I have gout? | These test help your doctor know if you have gout, or something else with similar symptoms: Joint fluid test. Fluid is taken from the painful joint with a needle. The fluid is studied under a microscope to see if the crystals are there. Blood test. A blood test can check the level of uric acid. A high level of uric acid doesn't always mean gout. X-ray. Images of the joints will help rule out other problems. Ultrasound. This painless test uses sound waves to look areas of uric acid. |
80e3559e9bd048afee65a63392dc779f | How is prediabetes diagnosed? | Eat red and processed meat, or drink sugary beverages but skimp on fruit, veggies, nuts, whole grains, and olive oil Have a sleep problem, like sleep apnea, or you work changing shifts or night shifts Get tested for prediabetes if you meet the criteria above and you: Had an abnormal blood sugar reading in the past Have heart disease Show signs of insulin resistance, which means your body produces insulin but doesn't respond to it the way it should Your doctor can do one of three different blood tests -- the fasting plasma glucose test, the oral glucose tolerance test, or the hemoglobin A1c test. |
2184944b02a503eb28a8fe3950f91901 | Who is most at risk for prediabetes? | You're most likely to get this disease if you: Had gestational diabetes or gave birth to a baby weighing more than 9 pounds Have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS) Are African- American, Native American, Latino, or Pacific Islander Are overweight or obese, especially around the middle (belly fat) Have high cholesterol, high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, and high LDL cholesterol Don't exercise Are older; people over age 45 are most likely to get it. |
fec1fc7f6391d43e93ccd5133aa92861 | What are the symptoms of prediabetes? | Although most people with prediabetes have no symptoms, you might notice: You're extra thirsty. |
38077a009f80fbb9308aa3ae27b2179b | Who should get tested for prediabetes? | Eat red and processed meat, or drink sugary beverages but skimp on fruit, veggies, nuts, whole grains, and olive oil Have a sleep problem, like sleep apnea, or you work changing shifts or night shifts Get tested for prediabetes if you meet the criteria above and you: Had an abnormal blood sugar reading in the past Have heart disease Show signs of insulin resistance, which means your body produces insulin but doesn't respond to it the way it should Your doctor can do one of three different blood tests -- the fasting plasma glucose test, the oral glucose tolerance test, or the hemoglobin A1c test. |
bd218ba090974facf85483440ea55a44 | Will I need surgery for heartburn? | You won't need it if you have ordinary heartburn. It's rare, but you may need an operation if: Other treatments haven't helped. The muscle that controls the valve at the top of your stomach doesn't work properly. You have cancer in your esophagus. Keep in mind that trouble swallowing, and not heartburn or GERD, is the most common symptom of this type of cancer. |
0604fd0cf2705f6b041ccb6199f105f0 | How does osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) work? | One of the keys to osteopathic medicine is the idea that tightness and restriction in your nerves and muscles can be caused by or lead to other problems. So DOs are trained to use their hands to gently move your joints and tissues to correct any restrictions in your range of motion. OMT is the way that they do that. |
63278646476ba4f440cd294fdbdde6e2 | What is osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT)? | If your doctor of osteopathic medicine ( DO) recommends âosteopathic manipulative treatment, or â OMT,â and you��ve never had it before, you'll want to know what it is and what it will feel like. All DOs learn this hands-on technique in medical school. Many use it in the practice along with -- or, in some cases, instead of -- other treatments, such as medication and surgery. |
9cc39e524aad0fd70e127206df8098f2 | What are different techniques used in osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT)? | The practice includes 40 different techniques, including: Soft tissue: You'll feel stretching and pressure on your muscles. Muscle energy: In this technique, you move your muscles in a specific direction while the DO counters that movement. Think push-pull. Myofascial release: Your DO uses firm but gentle pressure to release tension in the fascia, which is the layer of connective tissue that surrounds your bones, muscles, and organs. Osteopathic cranial manipulative medicine: Your DO applies soft pressure to your skull to stimulate healing. |
271071faad0214ded63e82cb467b2c8b | How does surgery help with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? | If you have severe COPD with significant lung damage, you may need surgery, especially if you have severe symptoms, can't control your COPD with medications, or have trouble breathing most of the time. Surgery may involve: Bullectomy to remove enlarged air spaces that interfere with breathing. They sometimes form when walls of air sacs break. Lung volume reduction surgery ( LVRS) to remove sections of damaged lung tissue. Lung transplant to replace a diseased lung with a healthy donor lung. This is only done in very severe cases of COPD. |
034fdb03888b1087e1175d948e486cde | How do antibiotics treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? | Antibiotics. |
de828123c43d54660474ecea7a23168f | How does Daliresp treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? | This is a pill that's part of a new class of COPD treatment -- it's an inhibitor of an enzyme called phosphodiesterase type 4 ( PDE-4). Daliresp prevents COPD flares in people whose condition is associated with chronic bronchitis. The drug is not intended for other types of COPD. |
34d73b3212d40a82c3207608ccba997a | How do corticosteroids treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? | These medications may help reduce airway inflammation. Inhaled corticosteroids are mainly used in those whose symptoms are not well controlled with bronchodilators only. That's because they work less well for COPD than they do for other lung problems such as asthma. |
caf4f14954d1799881431da7720c551e | When is palliative care recommended for newborns? | For this reason, palliative care may be recommended before, during, and after delivery. Palliative care is recommended for newborns who: Are born at extremely low birth weight (i.e. |
fb87256898385b812701e08d1e9e5f85 | What does neonatal palliative care look like during delivery? | When a newborn is not expected to live long after birth - be it hours, days, or weeks - the birth plan may include limiting the number of people in the delivery room. For a normal birth, there may be several health care professionals in the room. For a newborn with a short life expectancy, depending on what life-prolonging measures will be taken, the delivery may be attended only by the doctor. This helps to make the delivery as simple and intimate as possible and maximizes the time parents can spend alone with their child. |
f68530a8c9cd8cacae51efb7ced5df45 | What should you know about palliative care if your baby is diagnosed with a life-threatening illness? | Before birth, health care providers will assist parents in putting all plans in place for the baby's birth, life, and possible death. When a baby is expected to live longer than a couple of days, parents often have the option of taking the baby home. In certain cases, perinatal hospice services can assist in planning the transition home and arrange in-home care with the parents. Care at this time may focus in part on the psychosocial and spiritual well-being of the parents and siblings. Families will be referred to a social worker or other mental health professional and, if desired, to a hospital chaplain. |
ad59ece22d655541ccbe03113c4d8027 | How can you monitor your weight and lose weight if needed to manage heart failure? | Learn what your "dry" or "ideal" weight is. This is your weight without extra fluid. Your goal is to keep your weight within four pounds of your dry weight. Weigh yourself at the same time each day, preferably in the morning, in similar clothing, after urinating but before eating, and on the same scale. Record your weight in a diary or calendar. If you gain 2 pounds in one day or 5 pounds in one week, call your doctor. Your doctor may want to adjust your medications. |
eb43624822d60e32fc68b7b20017f15e | How can taking your medications as prescribed help with managing heart failure? | Drugs are used to improve your heart's ability to pump blood, decrease stress on your heart, decrease the progression of heart failure, and prevent fluid retention. Many heart failure drugs are used to decrease the release of harmful hormones. These drugs will cause your blood vessels to dilate or relax (thereby lowering your blood pressure). |
1b9258e727f60e97b91734c3554d38b6 | How can heart failure cause congested lungs? | A weak heart causes fluid to back up in the lungs. This can cause shortness of breath with exercise or difficulty breathing at rest or when lying flat in bed. Lung congestion can also cause a dry, hacking cough or wheezing. |
0d81771329f2015b37468ca5972008c8 | How can you lessen your heart failure symptoms? | To lessen symptoms of heart failure: Maintain fluid balance. Your doctor may ask you to keep a record of the amount of fluids you drink or eat and how often you go to the bathroom. Remember, the more fluid you carry in your blood vessels, the harder your heart must work to pump excess fluid through your body. Limiting your fluid intake to less than two liters per day will help decrease the workload of your heart and prevent symptoms from recurring. Limit how much salt (sodium) you eat. |
c7ff7dba9a66373bee65fb0b49eda441 | How can heart failure cause fluid and water retention? | Fluid and water retention. A weak heart pumps less blood to your kidneys and causes fluid and water retention, resulting in swollen ankles, legs, and abdomen (called edema) and weight gain. This can also cause an increased need to urinate during the night as your body attempts to get rid of this excess fluid. Bloating in your stomach may cause a loss of appetite or nausea. |
6b374f9aa9338f7d91e1ed42d5573d21 | How can symptoms vary in heart failure? | If you have heart failure, you may have one or all of these symptoms or you may have none of them. In addition, your symptoms may not be related to how weak your heart is; you may have many symptoms but your heart function may be only mildly weakened. Or you may have a more severely damaged heart but have few symptoms. |
10eaf8cafe3d691e1e82176e3b39520d | How does a tetatnus shot work? | You normally receive tetanus shots in the deltoid (shoulder) muscle. If you did not receive a tetanus vaccine as a child, you should start with a three-dose primary series with the first dose being a three-in-one combination called Tdap that protects against tetanus, diphtheria ( Td) and pertussis (whooping cough). The other two doses are a dual vaccine ( Td) cover tetanus and diphtheria. You receive these vaccines over a period of seven to 12 months. Vaccination against pertussis is especially important for those in direct contact with young infants or patients. After receiving the primary series, get a Td booster every 10 years. |
46053cf771222e426d9c9a9f435d8d33 | What are the side effects of a tetanus shot? | However, sometimes the tetanus vaccine can cause mild side effects. These may include: Soreness, redness, or swelling at the site of the injection Fever Headache or body aches Fatigue A severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) is also very rare, but can result within minutes of being vaccinated. |
445cad4ee65e3d0d4f8e1ceca3cdec03 | What's in a tetanus shot? | The vaccines are made up of tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis toxins that have been made nontoxic but they still have the ability to create an immune response. These vaccines do not contain live bacteria. |
5a9fe1b7501f7417c8ecb7642716413b | How do you get tetanus? | You can get it through a cut or other wound. Tetanus bacteria are commonly present in soil, dust, and manure. The tetanus bacteria can infect a person even through a tiny scratch. But you are more likely to get tetanus through deep punctures from wounds created by nails or knives. The bacteria travel via blood or nerves to the central nervous system. |
cc25afe5e44e38c727db9808dc73a44d | Can pregnant women get a tetanus shot? | In fact, current guidelines recommend that all pregnant women receive a Tdap vaccine each time they are pregnant, specifically to prevent pertussis. Wait to get the Tdap vaccine if you have a moderate to severe acute illness. |
e3bff0ba807da97fcdefcfb36744a404 | What are the symptoms of tetanus? | Symptoms often begin around a week after infection. But this may range from three days to three weeks or even longer. The most common symptom is a stiff jaw, which can become "locked." This is how the disease came to be called lockjaw. Symptoms of tetanus may include: Headache Muscle stiffness, starting in the jaw, then the neck and the arms, legs, or abdomen Trouble swallowing Restlessness and irritability Sweating and fever Palpitations and high blood pressure Muscle spasms in the face, causing a strange-looking steady smile or grin If not treated, tetanus can cause death from suffocation. |
744a734e64370cce47d29c9c135b2ff1 | Can everyone get a tetanus shot? | You should have a tetanus shot if you: Did not receive a primary series of tetanus shots as a child Have not had a tetanus booster in the last 10 years Have recovered from tetanus You should not get a Tdap vaccine if you have had a severe allergic reaction after a previous Tdap vaccine. You also should not get a Tdap vaccine if you have a history of coma or seizures within a week following a previous Tdap vaccine. Talk to your doctor if you have a history of epilepsy or other nervous system problems, severe pain or swelling in the past after a previous tetanus vaccine, or a history of either Guillain- Barre syndrome or chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. |
3f87a556997308bb55393c05439ab4fd | How is the hemoglobin A1c test used in people with diabetes? | People who have diabetes need this test regularly to see if their levels are staying within range. It can tell if you need to adjust your diabetes medicines. The A1c test is also used to diagnose diabetes. |
76b4c08752e8d949fbe1ecb78975c611 | Is it possible get misleading A1c test results? | People with diseases affecting hemoglobin, such as anemia, may get misleading results with this test. Other things that can affect the results of the hemoglobin A1c include supplements such as vitamins C and E and high cholesterol levels. Kidney disease and liver disease may also affect the test. |
9db1fa122b329e1eb87e79e6c5e08686 | What is the target A1c level for people with diabetes? | $('.ua_type_mobile .article table').css('width','100%'); The target A1c level for people with diabetes is usually less than 7%. The higher the hemoglobin A1c, the higher your risk of having complications related to diabetes. |
c6b6c730ed043c0a6846c583dbdfeff8 | What is the target hemoglobin A1c level for people with diabetes? | $('.ua_type_mobile .article table').css('width','100%'); The target A1c level for people with diabetes is usually less than 7%. The higher the hemoglobin A1c, the higher your risk of having complications related to diabetes. |
af84a83ba3d22f725cc03ffe884e1dbd | What can affect the results of a hemoglobin A1c test? | People with diseases affecting hemoglobin, such as anemia, may get misleading results with this test. Other things that can affect the results of the hemoglobin A1c include supplements such as vitamins C and E and high cholesterol levels. Kidney disease and liver disease may also affect the test. |
9061b68c869757572ddd87611a93af13 | What is a normal hemoglobin A1c test? | For people without diabetes, the normal range for the hemoglobin A1c level is between 4% and 5.6%. Hemoglobin A1c levels between 5.7% and 6.4% mean you have a higher chance of getting diabetes. Levels of 6.5% or higher mean you have diabetes. |
0c5529f7b0d533ad082acbf77047278f | How does the hemoglobin A1c test work? | The sugar in your blood is called glucose. When glucose builds up in your blood, it binds to the hemoglobin in your red blood cells. The A1c test measures how much glucose is bound. Red blood cells live for about 3 months, so the test shows the average level of glucose in your blood for the past 3 months. If your glucose levels have been high over recent weeks, your hemoglobin A1c test will be higher. |
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