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3824b4b8e18a8c21fbc2067418bf49cc | Are there any less-common causes of glaucoma? | Less common causes include a blunt or chemical injury to your eye, severe eye infection, blocked blood vessels inside the eye, and inflammatory conditions. It's rare, but sometimes eye surgery to correct another condition can bring it on. It usually affects both eyes, but it may be worse in one than the other. |
ab5f511c93eb4e49470d99842adeb275 | How do you know if you have an infection from breast cancer surgery? | You may have a fever. Usually, antibiotics can treat these infections. Lymphedema. Look for swelling of the arm or hand on the side of the surgery. |
eb00e98306de9bde70e4135145dfd967 | What are the complications of reconstructive surgery for breast cancer? | Many women opt to get their breast reconstructed right after their cancer is removed. Problems can stem from that operation, too. They include: Infection Poor healing A leak or rupture of your breast implant Scar tissue around your implant Before any surgery, your doctor should give you information about the procedure, recovery, and follow-up care. |
1f2f944f05ae5083c26e3d1eebae0f56 | How do you know if you have lymphoedema from breast cancer surgery? | Look for swelling of the arm or hand on the side of the surgery. This happens to some women after the lymph nodes under the arm are removed. It may go away on its own, but you may need to see a physical or occupational therapist. |
0575ef272ecd80b82230423be4bb2830 | What are the symptoms of Bell's palsy? | You may go to bed one night feeling fine. But when you look in the mirror the next morning, you see that part of your face seems to be drooping. Some people feel pain behind their ear 1-2 days before they notice any weakness. Others say that sounds seem much louder than normal in the days before they see any other symptoms. You might also notice the following things before the onset of Bell's palsy (remember that these symptoms will probably only happen on one side of your face): You're unable to close your eyelid or blink Your eye waters more or less than usual Drooling Difficulty chewing Decreased sense of taste Your facial muscles twitch Pain or numbness behind your ear Facial weakness and drooping typically reach their peak within a day or two. |
9f41c11da59ade95f65cf95ac8051ab5 | What might you notice before the onset of Bell's palsy? | You might also notice the following things before the onset of Bell's palsy (remember that these symptoms will probably only happen on one side of your face): You're unable to close your eyelid or blink Your eye waters more or less than usual Drooling Difficulty chewing Decreased sense of taste Your facial muscles twitch Pain or numbness behind your ear Facial weakness and drooping typically reach their peak within a day or two. |
73a9bcbaea0068437c2eec29080f4c71 | How can I be prepared for a drug allergy? | If you know you have a drug allergy, tell all your health care providers before you get any type of treatment, including dental care. It's also good idea to carry a card or wear a special bracelet or pendant that identifies your allergy, in case of emergency. |
99b4fbfead0290779add807e0696e688 | What are symptoms of being allergic to medicine? | But during an allergic reaction, the release of histamine can cause symptoms like hives, a skin rash, itchy skin or eyes, congestion, and swelling in the mouth and throat. |
43272d8c17f4cc2c8ca8aba2d24b58cb | What changes in my sleeping schedule show I'm headed for menopause? | Waking up during the night or having trouble going to sleep can happen for lots of reasons, but if you don't typically have problems sleeping, it may be a sign you're approaching menopause. Sometimes it's caused by other menopausal symptoms like night sweats. If sleep problems hang on for a while, and you can't pinpoint why, it may be time to tell your doctor. |
40d16382b407b7d5b9cbea9db54c7d3a | How can changes in my sex drive be a sign of menopause? | Some women say they are less interested in sex or have trouble getting aroused when they are in menopause. Other women say they enjoy sex more and feel freer because they don't have to worry about things like getting pregnant. During menopause, the skin around your vagina may become drier. This can make sex hurt. Gels called "personal lubricants" can help. |
b8e8d822c9c943dfe7b4ba06234c6d99 | How can memory lapses be a sign of menopause? | Both men and women can have some minor memory lapses during middle age: not being able to think of a word or losing the car keys. Usually it's no big deal. Forgetfulness can stem from not only menopause but also from stress. If you're worried that you're forgetting too much, let your doctor know. |
1842139d9aeb747e3f934fa1da06d3da | How do you know if I'm headed for menopause? | You may start to notice changes months or years before you are in menopause. You may have hot flashes and irregular periods. This time is called perimenopause. You won't know exactly when your menopause will hit. All you can do is pay attention to how you're feeling and notice changes. Keep in mind that symptoms vary greatly from woman to woman. Some women have no symptoms at all. |
46fb98ec092a574f99af9ee9555caad0 | What changes in my body temperature show I'm headed for menopause? | Hot flashes can make you feel warm or hot suddenly for no apparent reason. Your skin may flush red and your heart may beat faster. Then you may feel suddenly cold. Night sweats are hot flashes that happen during sleep. They can be so intense they wake you up. Like so many symptoms of menopause, hot flashes and night sweats can vary a lot from woman to woman. They can last 1 minute or 5 minutes. They can be mild or severe. You can have several an hour, one a week, or never have them. For some women, these symptoms go on for years or decades after they've stopped their periods -- into the time called postmenopause. If you have hot flashes but aren't sure it's related to menopause, talk to your doctor. There are medical conditions and even medications that can bring them on, too. |
b6327558efee9ab687356c29b2248951 | Does sleep help if you have summertime depression? | Vacations, summer barbecues, the short nights â they can all encourage you to stay up later than usual. But not getting enough sleep is a common trigger for depression. So make a concerted effort to get to bed on time. |
56571c85228a4fb326d45a8da83bae6c | Who can benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy? | It can be effective if your depression is mild or moderate. It also can help with more severe cases if your therapist is highly skilled. In some cases, CBT can help you the most if you combine it with other treatments, like antidepressants or other drugs. |
4d0d037d41bc0c7d7bd728f718bda1f3 | Who is likely to get the most benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy? | Most people who get CBT for depression or anxiety continue to keep using the skills they learned in therapy a year later. |
f41343a83f39b9040e7047a41d6a44db | What is elastin? | When you hear the word elastin, think elastic. This protein is found with collagen in the dermis, and is responsible for giving structure and support to your skin and organs. As with collagen, elastin is affected by time and the elements. Diminished levels of this protein cause your skin to wrinkle and sag. |
59a351e68853212d8887fa76327cbb28 | How is a Meniett device used to treat Ménièreâs disease? | Meniett device: Another approach uses this device to apply pressure to your ear canal through a tube. This improves how fluid moves through your ear. You can do these treatments at home. |
fbdcf1c03fadfdcd81e7e88a1edc61e5 | How is Ménièreâs disease treated? | Drug treatment deals with reducing both your vertigo and the fluid in your ear. Medication for motion sickness might help with your vertigo, and an anti-nausea drug might reduce vomiting if that's a side effect of your dizziness. |
83b5b0545a6717521466a8879ec87087 | When should you call a doctor about Ménièreâs disease? | If you are dizzy, you should sit or lie down at once. Avoid any type of movement that might make your vertigo worse. Don't try to drive. If you think you have symptoms, call your doctor for an appointment. It is hard to predict the course of the disease, and you should not assume it will get better on its own. |
982b455e6fe50d19a6f1e538b358dc86 | How can symptoms of Ménièreâs disease change? | As your Ménière's progresses, your symptoms may change. Your hearing loss and tinnitus may become constant. You might struggle all the time with balance and vision issues instead of having occasional bouts of vertigo. |
7088ca1a253555c6ebd5cc0f8d492c51 | What is Ménièreâs disease? | Ménière's disease is an inner-ear condition that can cause vertigo, a specific type of dizziness in which you feel as though you're spinning. It also can cause ringing in your ear (tinnitus), hearing loss that comes and goes, and a feeling of fullness or pressure in your ear. Usually, only one ear is affected. The hearing loss eventually can be permanent. The disorder takes its name from a French doctor, Prosper Ménière, who suggested in the 1860s that the symptoms came from the inner ear and not the brain, as most people believed. |
c78e9781a611f7e0366a2b62e0be8d3e | Why do people get Ménièreâs disease? | Why people get Ménière's isn't clear. Researchers have several theories about what might affect the fluid in the inner ear, though: Poor drainage (because of blockage or an abnormal structure in your ear) Autoimmune response (when your body's defense system misfires and attacks healthy cells) Allergic reaction Viral infection Inherited tendency Blow to the head Migraine headaches It's possible that a combination of issues come together to cause Ménière's. |
a290e2f202a808d68da8fbe359f5e7d9 | What causes Ménièreâs disease? | Doctors think they understand how the symptoms of Ménière's develop. Fluid builds up inside a part of your inner ear called the labyrinth, which holds structures that help with hearing and balance. The extra fluid interferes with the signals your brain receives, causing vertigo and hearing problems. |
2d93944dfd1aaae1768702323ce3dafd | How is a vestibular nerve sectioning used to treat Ménièreâs disease? | Vestibular nerve sectioning: A neurosurgeon does this procedure, and you need a longer hospital stay, up to 5 days. The surgeon will destroy the nerve that sends signals about balance to the brain to stop the messages that are causing your vertigo. |
65c3042513be752cb5797f324df8a029 | How are diuretics used to treat Ménièreâs disease? | Other possible treatments include: Diuretics: To reduce fluid in your ear, your doctor might prescribe a diuretic -- medicine that keeps your body from retaining fluids. If you take a diuretic, your doctor probably also will ask you to cut the amount of salt in your diet. |
965b321b072a7d1363ae5f51e4ac8f5d | How is a labyrinthectomy used to treat Ménièreâs disease? | Labyrinthectomy: Your surgeon destroys the parts of the ear that control balance. You aren't awake during this procedure, and you stay in the hospital a few days. You will have hearing loss afterward, so it's for people who have really bad vertigo and already don't hear well. |
e395d80f750cac20610d734ce55372cf | When is therapy or a hearing aid used to treat Ménièreâs disease? | Therapy or hearing aid: In addition to medication, you might try therapy targeted to help with balance issues. A hearing aid could improve your affected ear. |
890f4e6e39398e1492094fa173c737e6 | How is a cochleosacculotomy used to treat Ménièreâs disease? | Cochleosacculotomy: This is another procedure aimed at draining fluid. You're given something to numb any pain, and it takes about 30 minutes. It can cause hearing loss, though. |
73bbad14c8e933c9bf4f0be432562cb7 | What triggers Ménièreâs disease attacks? | Some people with Ménière's find that certain things trigger attacks. Those might include: Stress Overwork Fatigue Sharp changes in weather, specifically air pressure Underlying illness You can take steps to identify and avoid your triggers and also to reduce stress in your life. |
1892b3cccff941adf216d138eaaca38a | What can you do to prevent Ménièreâs disease? | It's not clear you can do anything to prevent Ménière's disease. However, there are many things you can do the help manage your symptoms. In addition to eating a low-salt diet, you may want to cut down on alcohol and caffeine. Some people think such diet changes lessen the effects of the disease. |
17eae13a24f857800584eee8ec039ffa | How is an endolymphatic sac shunt surgery done to treat Ménièreâs disease? | They include: Endolymphatic sac shunt surgery: The part of your ear that is responsible for reabsorbing fluid is opened and drained. You'll be given anesthesia so that you won't be awake or feel pain during the operation. You will probably spend the night in the hospital. |
dcec1be57afb08914b391b0dde671635 | How long do symptoms of Ménièreâs disease last? | Along with the main symptoms, some people may have: Anxiety Blurry vision Nausea or diarrhea Trembling Cold sweat and rapid pulse Attacks are as brief as 20 minutes or last as long as 24 hours. You might get several in a week, or they might come months or even years apart. Afterward, you may feel tired and need to rest. |
66c75c358fa9ba3d93320f8647e2a48b | What are anti-inflammatory inhalers? | Anti-inflammatory asthma inhalers prevent asthma attacks and reduce swelling and mucus in your airways. They include: Steroids ( Aerospan, Alvesco, Asmanex, Flovent, Pulmicort, and Qvar) Mast cell stabilizers (cromolyn sodium) For in-depth information, see Web MD's article on Asthma, Steroids, and Other Anti- Inflammatory Drugs. |
363f338c7b33acc76aa79127391eb75f | What drugs are in the inhaler? | Many inhalers contain steroids, like prednisone, to treat inflammation. Others have a type of drug called a bronchodilator to open up your airways. Some have both -- this is known as a combination inhaler. |
3e274c93c2f0772d88a2d7635d9e5ab6 | What is an asthma inhaler? | An asthma inhaler is a handheld device that delivers medication straight into your lungs. You get the drugs faster -- and with fewer side effects -- than you would if you took it by pill or IV. |
4c00e43c85dd21cd25a1f9126152a5f1 | What are the pros and cons of using sucralose as a sugar substitute? | It's 600 times sweeter than sugar. The Scoop: The FDA says it reviewed more than 100 safety studies before approving sucralose as a general-purpose sweetener for foods. Because it's heat-stable, you can use it for baking. |
6dfff400943526e0f047bcea8c951c86 | What are pros and cons of using sugar alcohols as a sugar substitute? | What They Are: They don't contain the kind of alcohol you drink. These sweeteners, found in some fruit spreads, chocolate, baked goods, and even mouthwash, have names like xylitol and sorbitol. They're made from plant products. They have fewer calories than sugar. The Scoop: If you have diabetes, be aware that sugar alcohols are carbohydrates and can still raise your blood sugar. They can also act like laxatives or have other digestive symptoms in some people. |
eca22fe2f4fac4209036ae4715534cf2 | What are the pros and cons of using saccharin as a sugar substitute? | What It Is: Saccharin has been around since the late 1800s, when a researcher spilled the chemical compound on his hand and realized it tasted sweet. It's between 300 and 500 times sweeter than table sugar and best known as Sweet' N Low. The Scoop: In the 1970s, saccharin got a warning label after lab tests in rats suggested a possible link to bladder cancer. " Since then, more than 30 studies demonstrated that the results found in rats were not relevant to humans, and that saccharin is safe for human consumption," the FDA's web site states. |
391d523c15dfc8846fe00d141e9b29d6 | What can doctors prescribe to ease and prevent eczema flare-ups? | Your doctor can prescribe a steroid cream to stop the itch and clear your rash, or topical creams called calcineurin inhibitors like pimecolimus ( Elidel) or tacrolimus ( Protopic) that protect your skin and prevent eczema outbreaks. Hydrocortisone cream is available over the counter ( OTC) and eases mild itching. Eucrisa ointment is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory topical treatment that may help reduce redness and itchiness in mild to moderate atopic dermatitis. |
a39f34292c349c84edd2832c607fb026 | How can someone with eczema prevent flares to feel better? | There are many things that could set off an eczema flare. You may not have the same triggers as someone else. It pays to figure out what causes your skin to react. Dry skin. If your skin gets too dry, it can become rough and itchy. It might even crack. That can let bacteria or allergens inside. Dry skin is a common eczema trigger for many people. Extreme changes in temperature can stress your skin, too. Tips: Keep your skin moist -- especially in winter, when the air can be very dry. Use a humidifier to moisten the air in your bedroom when you sleep. Apply body lotion after you get out of a shower or bath. Soak in a warm bath with small amounts of bath oil, or colloidal oatmeal added to ease eczema itching and moisten your skin. |
86bb124d0c69b0d95d2b1fd5e61d39b3 | What are some irritants that could trigger eczema rashes? | Products you use every day may bother your skin. Soap, cleansers, body wash, laundry detergent, lotions, or even some foods you touch can trigger eczema rashes. Tips: Talk to your doctor to pinpoint what may irritate your skin. She can test how your skin reacts to certain products. Keep track of anything you use that seems to trigger a flare after you touch it. Choose soaps, cleansers, or laundry detergent without added perfumes or dyes. These are common eczema triggers. |
1fdfe4a2d9fa279169d49fdbae921fd2 | What can raise your chances of heart disease and other complications? | Your chances of heart disease and other complications are higher if you: Are older than 35 Have high blood pressure, diabetes, or high cholesterol Smoke Have ever had a stroke, heart attack, or blood clots Get migraines with aura Even if you're in one of those situations that raise your risk for heart disease, you may still be able to use birth control with hormones. |
03dcadb85b2a149eba9ee6afcdda3ef7 | How can you lower your chances of heart disease while taking birth control pills? | The most important thing you can do is talk with your doctor. He'll help you weigh the pros and cons of your different options. For example, research shows that women with medical conditions such as high blood pressure and diabetes, as long as they're well controlled, may be able to safely take birth control pills. If you're over 35, healthy, and don't smoke, you can keep using hormonal birth control. |
10dbd67920e43fca7726c8cb2583e213 | How can the pill affect your blood pressure? | They may raise your blood pressure, for instance. So if you take birth control pills, get your blood pressure checked every 6 months to make sure it stays in a healthy range. If you already have high blood pressure, talk with your doctor to see if another way to prevent pregnancy would be better for you. |
390c99217dec4d7d1b69c02c6d5cc46b | What does metastasis mean? | Benign, or noncancerous, tumors do not spread to other parts of the body, and do not create new tumors. |
de04dac4d80196b5c7459c025aaafedd | What are the major types of cancer? | Carcinomas -- the most commonly diagnosed cancers -- originate in the skin, lungs, breasts, pancreas, and other organs and glands. Lymphomas are cancers of lymphocytes. Leukemia is cancer of the blood. It does not usually form solid tumors. Sarcomas arise in bone, muscle, fat, bloodvessels, cartilage, or other soft or connective tissues of the body. |
76a9fa4fee9eb017e0745b6dd5bfe8af | What are noncancerous tumors? | Most cancers form tumors, but not all tumors are cancerous. Benign, or noncancerous, tumors do not spread to other parts of the body, and do not create new tumors. Malignant, or cancerous, tumors crowd out healthy cells, interfere with body functions, and draw nutrients from body tissues. |
0d3abf0271fe32c9906ec698f4af7ae7 | Why are gentle sponges recommended for baby's first bath? | Gentle sponge baths are perfect for the first few weeks until the umbilical cord falls off, the circumcision heals, and the navel heals completely. |
09267301bd2307bff80d48ee190d3073 | How do a prepare for my baby's first tub bath? | To prepare: Find a baby bathtub made of thick plastic that is the right size for your baby. An insert for young babies is ideal -- and keeps the baby's head out of the water. A slip-resistant backing on the tub will keep it from moving during bath time. Don't try to use bath seats or bath rings. These are for older babies who can sit up on their own -- not for newborns. |
852bf8b24933d6931c5bf0f249098acb | How should I prepare for my baby's first bath? | The first bath will be a sponge bath. Pick a warm room with a flat surface, like a bathroom or kitchen counter, a changing table, or a bed. Cover the surface with a thick towel. Make sure the room temperature is at least 75 degrees Fahrenheit, because babies chill easily. Assemble all the baby bath products you will need: Baby bath sponge or clean wash cloth (double-rinsed) Clean blanket or bath towel (a hooded one is nice) Clean diaper Clean clothes Vaseline and gauze (if you have a circumcised boy) Warm water (not hot) Important: Never leave your baby alone in a bath -- not even for a moment. If you must get to the phone, the stove, or whatever, take baby with you. |
973e9471cf6ae63ade9a57298eb81250 | What should I do to my baby after his tub bath? | Bath time is over, and your fresh little baby is ready for a clean diaper and clothes! |
23aec5e421842c25373afce334959cbd | When can I begin giving my baby tub baths? | Once the umbilical cord falls off, and the circumcision and the navel are completely healed, it's time to try a tub bath. Not all babies like the transition, so if your baby gets fussy, go back to sponge baths for a week or so, then try again. |
9b23b1b090e81645882087ee25f10383 | What bath products do I need for my baby's first bath? | Assemble all the baby bath products you will need: Baby bath sponge or clean wash cloth (double-rinsed) Clean blanket or bath towel (a hooded one is nice) Clean diaper Clean clothes Vaseline and gauze (if you have a circumcised boy) Warm water (not hot) Important: Never leave your baby alone in a bath -- not even for a moment. |
39ccde343c56baf23f7044f31963fd56 | Can keeping a food diary help your doctor determine if you have a food allergy? | This simple task can help you help your doctor figure out what's going on. For 1 or 2 weeks, write down in a notebook: Everything you eat Any symptoms you have How long the symptoms happen after you eat certain foods Let's say you had a reaction after eating prawns or shrimp with peanut sauce. |
3728eb02379a2d9b5c2ce857d7cdde86 | How can a skin test help your doctor diagnose a suspected food allergy? | The doctor may also do a skin test to see if your body reacts to a tiny amount of the suspected allergen or allergy trigger. |
1f0eeaa758351c1b166df3b6d53b4b3d | What symptoms can bacterial and viral infections cause? | Bacterial and viral infections can cause similar symptoms such as coughing and sneezing, fever, inflammation, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, and cramping -- all of which are ways the immune system tries to rid the body of infectious organisms. But bacterial and viral infections are dissimilar in many other important respects, most of them due to the organisms' structural differences and the way they respond to medications. |
0e6a83f5875cd0b51d8e436dd0f24971 | How are bacterial infections treated? | The discovery of antibiotics for bacterial infections is considered one of the most important breakthroughs in medical history. Unfortunately, bacteria are very adaptable, and the overuse of antibiotics has made many of them resistant to antibiotics. This has created serious problems, especially in hospital settings. Antibiotics are not effective against viruses, and many leading organizations now recommend against using antibiotics unless there is clear evidence of a bacterial infection. |
a4da31d924a5f733e0804b4bf323ef4b | What can microbes cause? | Microbes can also cause: Acute infections, which are short-lived. Chronic infections, which can last for weeks, months, or a lifetime. Latent infections, which may not cause symptoms at first but can reactivate over a period of months and years. Most importantly, bacterial and viral infections, can cause mild, moderate, and severe diseases. |
1e116e47b937f29ecf7ef2e9d0ec7114 | What is the historical importance of bacterial and viral infections? | Throughout history, millions of people have died of diseases such as bubonic plague or the Black Death, which is caused by Yersinia pestis bacteria, and smallpox, which is caused by the variola virus. In recent times, viral infections have been responsible for two major pandemics: the 1918-1919 â Spanish fluâ epidemic that killed 20-40 million people, and the ongoing HIV/ AIDS epidemic that killed an estimated 1.5 million people worldwide in 2013 alone. |
5bcdd8bffbbc421f88d239439e935a66 | How do viruses differ from bacteria? | Viruses are tinier: the largest of them are smaller than the smallest bacteria. All they have is a protein coat and a core of genetic material, either RNA or DNA. Unlike bacteria, viruses can't survive without a host. They can only reproduce by attaching themselves to cells. In most cases, they reprogram the cells to make new viruses until the cells burst and die. In other cases, they turn normal cells into malignant or cancerous cells. Also unlike bacteria, most viruses do cause disease, and they're quite specific about the cells they attack. For example, certain viruses attack cells in the liver, respiratory system, or blood. In some cases, viruses target bacteria. |
112d18599983af06cbae1bca815aa17c | How are bacterial and viral infections spread? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Bacterial and viral infections have many things in common. Both types of infections are caused by microbes -- bacteria and viruses, respectively -- and spread by things such as: Coughing and sneezing. |
d548cf42559f30d811fdca9a20a54501 | How are viral infections treated? | Vaccines have drastically reduced the number of new cases of viral diseases such as polio, measles, and chickenpox. In addition, vaccines can prevent such infections such as the flu, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, human papillomavirus ( HPV), and others. But the treatment of viral infections has proved more challenging, primarily because viruses are relatively tiny and reproduce inside cells. For some viral diseases, such as herpes simplex virus infections, HIV/ AIDS, and influenza, antiviral medications have become available. But the use of antiviral medications has been associated with the development of drug-resistant microbes. |
233e062fff78fbbab77d7071e2f2b78b | How can your doctor know the origin of bacterial and viral infections? | In some cases, it's difficult to determine whether an illness is viral or bacterial because many ailments -- including pneumonia, meningitis, and diarrhea -- can be caused by either. But your doctor may be able to determine the cause by listening to your medical history and doing a physical exam. If necessary, he or she also can order a blood or urine test to help confirm a diagnosis, or a "culture test" of tissue to identify bacteria or viruses. Occasionally, a biopsy of affected tissue may be required. |
4a2852c0ac43c3a64f8cb68eb2c52d44 | What monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) can be used for bipolar depression? | Antidepressants in this class of drugs that can be used for bipolar depression include: Isocarboxazid ( Marplan) Phenelzine ( Nardil) Selegiline ( Emsam) Tranylcypromine ( Parnate) Among these, Parnate has been the most extensively studied specifically in bipolar depression, leading in one randomized trial to improvement in over 80% of subjects. |
b5336ba5f243782402e4bf563bbaf8cf | How is scleritis treated? | Because it's usually related to autoimmune disorders, your doctor may suggest that you see a rheumatologist (a doctor who specializes in autoimmune conditions). For very mild cases of scleritis, an over-the-counter non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ( NSAID) like ibuprofen may be enough to ease your eye inflammation and pain. Most of the time, though, a prescription medication called a corticosteroid is needed to treat the inflammation. It also can help with eye pain and may help protect your vision. It's rare, but if the sclera is torn or in danger of tearing, surgery may be needed to reinforce it. |
4c28df8c6388bb7b05cdfe1d64be26e3 | What are symptoms of anterior and posterior scleritis? | Both anterior and posterior scleritis tend to cause eye pain that can feel like a deep, severe ache. You also might feel tenderness in your eye, along with pain that goes from your eye to your jaw, face, or head. And you may have blurry vision, unexplained tears, or notice that your eyes are especially sensitive to light. Anterior scleritis also may make the white of your eye look red, and you may see small bumps there. With posterior scleritis, you can't usually see these kinds of issues because they're on the back of the white of your eye. |
1218a4d3f2fdf9609b7e5782b7b1deba | What are the risks of taking biotin? | If you have any medical conditions -- or are pregnant or breastfeeding -- check with a doctor before using biotin supplements. Don't give biotin to a child unless a pediatrician recommends it. |
7bb15bc490e401b3e89ff0a4fd2d1c47 | What is biotin used for? | Other uses of biotin -- for conditions like cradle cap, hepatitis, hair loss, and depression -- are unsupported or untested. |
feb46b41409c423b4b610f984ec6d81d | Can you get biotin naturally from foods? | Biotin occurs naturally in many foods. Wheat germ, whole-grain cereals, whole wheat bread, eggs, dairy products, peanuts, soya nuts, Swiss chard, salmon, and chicken are all sources of biotin. |
cdaf76b69b9f95cdcff8ab7fadffe922 | What does biotin do to the body? | Biotin plays a key role in the body. It supports the health of the skin, nerves, digestive tract, metabolism, and cells. One small study suggested that biotin and other micronutrients helped treat peripheral neuropathy, nerve pain in the extremities that can result from kidney failure or diabetes. |
81156eaa9971d020dcde107e5c1309a1 | What are the treatment options for stage IV breast cancer? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } With stage IV, the breast cancer has spread to other parts of your body. Often the bones, brain, lungs, or liver are affected. Because multiple areas may be involved, focused treatments like surgery or radiation alone may not be enough. Treatment of stage IV doesn't cure the disease. But by shrinking the cancer, it can often slow it down, help you feel better, and let you live longer. Patients with stage IV breast cancer may live for years, but it's usually life-threatening at some point. |
0054d6200a2dd4263747c0146a282068 | How can other drugs help with stage IV breast cancer? | These treatments may help treat pain and other symptoms in areas where the cancer has spread. |
a3b0ba9a8ecba2380f66f7eeb2118756 | How can I tell if my child's anxiety is more than just normal worry? | Here are some questions to ask yourself: Is she expressing worry or showing anxiety on most days, for weeks at a time? Does he have trouble sleeping at night? If you aren't sure (he might not tell you), do you notice that he seems unusually sleepy or tired during the day? Is she having trouble concentrating? Does he seem unusually irritable or easy to upset? |
f7db75483e543c5abc3ccc112318ab24 | How can my child's anxiety disorder at home? | You can also help your child at home by being supportive and understanding. If your child becomes upset and anxious, stay calm as you talk him through it. Don't punish your child for things like mistakes on schoolwork or lack of progress. " Catch" him doing well: Praise even small accomplishments, and be specific. Plan for transitions. If your child's anxiety means going to school in the morning is very stressful, allow plenty of extra time. While respecting your child's privacy, do give her teachers and coaches information they need to help them understand what's going on. Above all, be available to listen when your child wants to talk to you about his anxiety. |
7265b7b14d26199f01790db6c4ab8ffa | What is panic disorder and how can it affect your child? | A panic attack is a sudden, intense episode of anxiety with no apparent outside cause. Your child's heart pounds, and he or she may feel short of breath. Your child may tremble or feel dizzy or numb. ( If your child is hyperventilating, try to have him breathe slowly with nice deep breaths. Breathing in a brown paper bag can help.). When your child has had two or more of these episodes, and is preoccupied with worries about them happening again, it is considered panic disorder. |
fcdb52a905c9d4adcc19aacedb250cb6 | How can talk therapy help treat depression and chronic pain? | In cognitive therapy, a person learns to notice the negative "automatic thoughts" that surround chronic pain. These often are distortions of reality. Some time with a therapist can teach you how to change these thought patterns and make you feel better. It's also a proven treatment for depression and can reduce symptoms of anxiety in those with chronic pain. |
3d6a506e469efa7d6af0913acd325b25 | How can antidepressants help with treating depression and chronic pain? | Because chronic pain and depression can involve the same nerves and neurotransmitters, certain antidepressants are often used to treat both. Some antidepressants can reduce the perception of pain. There is abundant evidence of the effectiveness of tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptyline HCL ( Elavil) and nortriptyline ( Pamelor). They can be highly effective for forms of neurologically-based pain (neuropathic pain) such as migraine headaches, herniated disks, and other spinal nerve root problems. |
5322b7623bfaca55bc006dee8a4e5a9b | What happens the evening before laparoscopic surgery? | Finally, you will meet with an anesthesiologist, who will discuss the type of pain medication (anesthesia) you will be given for surgery, and you will learn about pain control after the operation. The evening before surgery you will need to take the prescribed laxative medicine. It is important to follow the directions carefully and drink all of the laxative. This step will decrease your risk of developing an infection from bacteria normally present in the intestine. Do not eat or drink anything by mouth after midnight the evening before surgery. |
023428af35106026582971e79de126d9 | How does someone prepare for laparoscopic surgery? | Before laparoscopic surgery, your surgeon will meet with you to answer any questions you may have. You will be asked questions about your health history and a general physical examination will be performed. Your intestine will require cleaning and you will be given a prescription for a laxative medicine to take the evening before the surgery. All patients are generally asked to provide a blood sample. Depending on your age and general health, you may also have an ECG (electrocardiogram), a chest X-ray, lung function tests, or other tests. You may also need to meet with other doctors before surgery. |
f7b2a86f2cbfc16ddebe5d7f56d16a6f | What happens after laparoscopic surgery? | After your operation, the nurses will begin to document all the fluids that you drink and measure and collect any urine or fluids you produce, including those from tubes or drains placed during the operation. The tube that was passed from a nostril into your stomach (a nasogastric tube) during surgery will be removed in the recovery room, if it has not been removed already. You may begin to drink liquids the evening of the operation and may resume a solid diet the next morning. If you become nauseated or begin to vomit, your nasogastric tube may be reinserted. If this happens, don't be alarmed. Nausea and vomiting happen in approximately 5%-10% of people and occur because your intestines are temporarily disabled from the operation. In addition, anesthesia makes many people nauseous. For this reason, food and drink are given slowly for the first few days. |
83814015ea07cddbcda3a9e229957680 | How is laparoscopic surgery for digestive problems performed? | Laparoscopic surgery can be used to treat complications of conditions including: Crohn's disease Colorectal cancer Diverticulitis Familial polyposis, a condition causing multiple colon polyps that puts you at higher risk of colorectal cancer Bowel incontinence Rectal prolapse, a protrusion of the rectum through the anus Ulcerative colitis Colon polyps that are too large to remove by colonoscopy Chronic severe constipation that is not successfully treated with medication For laparoscopic surgery, three or more small (5-10 mm) incisions are made in the abdomen to allow access ports to be inserted. The laparoscope and surgical instruments are inserted through these ports. The surgeon then uses the laparoscope, which transmits a picture of the abdominal organs on a video monitor, allowing the operation to be performed. |
ec23347c61cc58078d7fe13ee995b367 | What happens the day of laparoscopic surgery? | Your surgeon will place a small port just below your bellybutton and advance the port into your abdominal cavity. This port is connected to sterile tubing and carbon dioxide is passed into the abdominal cavity through the tubing. The gas lifts the wall of your abdomen away from the organs below. This space will give your surgeon a better view of your abdominal cavity once the laparoscope is in place. The laparoscope is placed through the port and is connected to a video camera. The image your surgeon sees on the laparoscope is projected onto video monitors placed near the operating table. Before starting the surgery, your surgeon will take a thorough look at your abdominal cavity to make sure that laparoscopy will be safe for you. Some reasons why laparoscopy may not be done include multiple adhesions (scar tissue from previous surgery), infection, or other abdominal diseases. |
0563fe603fb643cfcf8d5067be69c526 | How does laparoscopic surgery perform a right colectomy or ileocolectomy? | During a right colectomy, the right side of the colon is removed. During an ileocolectomy, the last segment of the small intestine, which is attached to the right side of the colon, called the ileum, is also removed. This surgery is used to remove cancers, noncancerous growths or polyps, and inflammation from Crohn's disease. |
5b2cf1b9c292614deeba9f43d40281cc | How does laparoscopic surgery perform a fecal diversion? | Surgical creation of either a temporary or permanent ileostomy (opening between the surface of the skin and the small intestine) or colostomy (opening between the surface of the skin and the colon). The surgery treats complex rectal and anal problems, including poor bowel control. |
3a2468933fdc72cbf132ae563530e1f0 | What does a laparoscopic surgery require? | The procedure occasionally requires the creation of a temporary or permanent stoma, an opening of part of the intestine to the outside surface of the abdomen. The stoma acts as an artificial passageway through which stool (feces) can pass from the intestine to outside the body where it collects in an external pouch, which is attached to the stoma and must be worn at all times. Most of the time, the surgeon will reconnect the two ends of intestines at a later date. The intestine can be rejoined in a number of ways. One method uses a stapling device that positions staples to join the ends of the intestine. Or, the surgeon may pull the intestinal ends up through one of the small incisions and stitch (suture) the ends together. Your surgeon will choose the best method at the time of your surgery. Finally, your surgeon will check that there is no bleeding, rinse out the abdominal cavity, release the gas from the abdomen, and close the small incisions. |
ea59fbd7ed96f9663e45a85a9730f4ee | What do I do if I have a chemical burn in my eye? | Have the person immediately rinse the eye or eyes under a faucet, in a gentle shower, or with a clean container of water. Position the person's face so that the injured eye is down and to the side. Avoid spraying a high-pressure water stream into the eye or eyes. Flush with lukewarm water for 15 to 30 minutes. For severe burns, which are commonly caused by household drain cleaner, continue flushing until you see a doctor or you arrive in an emergency room. The person should keep the eye open as wide as possible. Wash the person's hands thoroughly to make sure no chemical is still on them. Flush the eye to remove contact lenses. If they do not come out, try to gently remove them AFTER flushing. Do not rub the eye or place a bandage over the eye. While waiting for medical care, have the person wear sunglasses to decrease light sensitivity. Call 911 for severe burns, otherwise see a doctor or go to an emergency room as soon as possible. Be aware that alkali chemicals (such as ammonia and oven cleaner) might not be painful but they can cause the most serious injuries. Make sure you know what chemical got into the eye so the medical team can give the right treatment. While waiting for medical care, call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222 or the emergency number on the container if you have it for further advice. The health care provider may continue flushing the eye with saline solution, checking periodically until p H is normal. The health care provider may place anesthetic drugs in the eye to decrease discomfort with flushing. |
c3959b1dabe708b6913d859c61f7f17e | What is the follow-up care for a chemical eye burn? | The health care provider may place anesthetic drugs in the eye to decrease discomfort with flushing. |
d604c93be4d43e367cf8b60ac6ab3084 | How can you flush your eye if you have a chemical eye burn? | Have the person immediately rinse the eye or eyes under a faucet, in a gentle shower, or with a clean container of water. Position the person's face so that the injured eye is down and to the side. Avoid spraying a high-pressure water stream into the eye or eyes. Flush with lukewarm water for 15 to 30 minutes. For severe burns, which are commonly caused by household drain cleaner, continue flushing until you see a doctor or you arrive in an emergency room. The person should keep the eye open as wide as possible. Wash the person's hands thoroughly to make sure no chemical is still on them. Flush the eye to remove contact lenses. If they do not come out, try to gently remove them AFTER flushing. Do not rub the eye or place a bandage over the eye. While waiting for medical care, have the person wear sunglasses to decrease light sensitivity. |
29f7dfdd28eb03b6bdc71adcd43944ad | What are examples of vasodilators? | Examples of vasodilators include: Apresoline Dilatrate- SR Imdur Ismo Isordil Sorbitrate Follow the label to find out how often you should take them. |
f3dba6553074510bfcb088b1074f46d6 | When should you call your doctor about side effects of vasodilators? | If you get any of these, contact your doctor right away: Fever Joint or chest pain Sore throat Skin rash (especially on the face) Unusual bleeding or bruising Weight gain Swelling of the ankles While taking them, have your blood pressure checked regularly. |
11fe41770d4934f59abbc73dbce123dd | What are the side effects of vasodilators? | Headache ; rapid, irregular, or pounding heartbeat; numbness or tingling of the fingers or toes; lightheadedness or passing out; loss of appetite; and diarrhea : Your doctor probably will prescribe more medicine to control these. If they linger or are severe, talk to your doctor. Upset stomach , flushing of face or neck: Call your doctor if these side effects hang around or get serious. |
75d50bccf45175eeae4c781fabc5a6c3 | What are the benefits of omega-3 fish oil? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Your doctor may have suggested that you eat non-fried salmon or other fatty fish at least twice a week. The reason for this recommendation is that some fish are high in omega-3 fatty acids. These are healthy fats that have been promoted for a variety of heart, brain, and other health benefits. |
6905c63c5844edc6a39a0e6e41bb1970 | When should you talk to your doctor before taking omega-3 fatty acids? | Non-prescription omega-3 fatty acid supplements may cause mild side effects, such as: Fishy burps or taste in the mouth Upset stomach Talk to your doctor before taking omega-3 supplements if you: Are pregnant or breastfeeding Take blood-thinning medicines Have an allergy to fish or shellfish Common side effects of prescription omega-3s vary according to the type of prescription. |
f1e8540c797dbec6af5b8339872fa3cf | What prescription omega-3 fatty acids are available? | These are some of the prescription-strength omega-3 fatty acids that are available: Epanova (omega-3-carboxylic acids). This contains a combination of EPA and DHA. Lovaza (omega-3-acid ethyl esters). This contains a combination of EPA and DHA. Omtryg: (omega-3-acid ethyl esters). This contains a combination of EPA and DHA. |
2392aa6f20caf842862ee8109f67c81d | What are the effects of taking prescription omega-3 fatty acids? | Prescription omega-3 fatty acids or high doses of omega-3 supplements may also affect the blood's ability to clot. People who take blood-thinning medications should be aware of this precaution if they also take omega-3s. Talk to your doctor if you take blood thinning medicines, such as warfarin ( Coumadin) or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs) such as aspirin and ibuprofen ( Advil or Motrin),. Omega-3 fatty acids lower high triglyceride levels, but brands that contain DHA may raise levels of LDL "bad" cholesterol. This could be a problem if you also have high cholesterol, which often goes hand-in-hand with high triglycerides. |
68bfa273b4b9cb03bda12c2cced833b4 | Where can you get DHA omega-3 fatty acids? | This type is found in: Fish Fortified foods, such as some brands of eggs and orange juice Fish oil supplements you can buy without a prescription Prescription fish oil Algae supplements DHA is essential for brain health and function. |
ebef7131e32ec51c8460720d2b0b4bd4 | How effective are non-prescription omega-3s to your health? | When it comes to preventing or treating disease, many studies have not found much benefit in taking low daily doses of omega-3 supplements. Only prescription-strength omega-3 has been found to have health benefits. |
241ab2b2630926f477482f546ce53164 | What should I consider about my job if I have bipolar disorder? | Here are some things to consider: Decide what you really need from your job. Do you need to reduce your responsibilities? Do you need extra breaks during the day to reduce stress, or need time off during the work week to keep doctor or therapist appointments? |
57841214832130e47a11c621b2831973 | What is bipolar disorder stigma at work? | Unfortunately, you may still run into people at work who treat you unfairly because of your bipolar disorder. Often, their behavior stems from ignorance. They might see you as "crazy" or think your condition is "all in your head." You might be able to head off problems by teaching people a little about bipolar disorder. |
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