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b21de9bcd1fd5975b256da047bfc9c2c | When is rapid cycling in bipolar disorder diagnosed? | Rapid cycling is a pattern of frequent, distinct episodes in bipolar disorder. It can occur at any point in the course of bipolar disorder, and can come and go over many years depending on how well the illness is treated; it is not necessarily a "permanent" or indefinite pattern of episodes. Rapid cycling in itself is not a diagnosis, but rather a "course specifier" or descriptor of the course of illness. In bipolar disorder rapid cycling is identified when four or more distinct episodes of depression, mania, or hypomania occur during a one year period. |
8020e59a3894a249a5c6f1099c853cf7 | How can you start a daily food diary to self-manage your Crohn's disease? | To start your diary, record the foods you eat each day and the serving sizes in a small notebook. Enter the date, food, and any symptoms you might feel after eating this food in the notebook. After a month or two, set up a time to review your food diary with a registered dietitian. The dietitian can determine if you're getting essential nutrients in a well-balanced meal plan or if you might need supplements. Proper nutrition helps the body heal itself and keeps you well. So, having a nutrition discussion with a registered dietitian is important to your overall health and to the management of Crohn's disease. |
1d2045ff3723c56283d9f1edcede1766 | Which foods should you avoid if you have Crohn's disease? | It's possible that at least some of these listed foods will trigger your symptoms: alcohol (mixed drinks, beer, wine) butter, mayonnaise, margarine, oils carbonated beverages coffee, tea, chocolate corn dairy products (if lactose intolerant) fatty foods (fried foods) foods high in fiber gas-producing foods (lentils, beans, legumes, cabbage, broccoli, onions) nuts and seeds (peanut butter, other nut butters) raw fruits raw vegetables red meat and pork spicy foods whole grains and bran Once you've identified foods that cause your symptoms to flare, you can choose either to avoid them or to learn new ways of preparing them that will make them tolerable. |
205ef0ed1794443ea2c2b90fd33fad8c | Do you need to avoid fast food in a Crohn's disease diet plan? | While fast foods should normally be avoided in a healthy diet plan, sometimes they can give your diet a needed boost when used sparingly. Some fast foods can offer a valuable supply of key nutrients and calories. For instance, pizza offers calories, protein, and nutrients such as calcium and vitamins A, B, C, and D. A milkshake is high in calories and calcium. Of course, if you are lactose-intolerant, you need to remember to take the proper medication before drinking a milk product. |
59973bf653ed7cdcf1235bf494cb4102 | What is the Crohn's disease diet plan? | You've probably read about different types of diets for Crohn's disease on the Internet. But the fact is, there is no scientifically proven diet for inflammatory bowel disease. Most experts believe, though, that some patients can identify specific foods that trigger their gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly during disease flares. By avoiding your "trigger foods," you may find that your GI symptoms of gas, bloating, abdominal pain, cramping, and diarrhea are more manageable. At the same time, you will give your inflamed intestines time to heal. |
617604fd90d19ec3cdae88b3ca14ebb9 | Can keeping a daily food diary help you self-manage your Crohn's disease? | Keeping track of the foods you eat each day can help you identify the "offenders" -- foods that may trigger symptoms. Avoiding these foods, especially when your disease is active, may give you better control of the symptoms. You can also use a daily food diary to help you and your doctor determine if you're getting a properly balanced diet. It can show whether you are getting enough protein, carbohydrates, fats, and water. It can also show whether you are getting enough calories to maintain your weight and energy. |
1f0594f410b9817704a9b5484af0bb36 | Can a liquid diet help me control Crohn's disease symptoms? | In addition, the liquid diet or special high-calorie liquid formulas can help people with Crohn's who need extra nutrition short-term or those whose intestines cannot absorb proper nutrition from whole foods. Some people with Crohn's disease enjoy supplements such as Ensure Plus or Boost Plus when they need a boost in calories and nutrients. |
a4f0bf99e5e6f9b5af65a7ac551279bc | Is a low-residue diet a Crohn's disease treatment? | Many individuals with small-bowel Crohn's disease have a narrowing or stricture of the lower small intestine (the ileum). For them, a low-fiber with low-residue diet can help lessen abdominal pain, cramping, and diarrhea. And while scientific proof is lacking, this diet may also help decrease frequency of bowel movements for some people. Foods to avoid on a low-residue diet may include: corn hulls nuts raw fruits seeds vegetables Yes. |
f32954686bcdc1ef06427c81f4a3d1fb | What are serious problems in people with Crohn's disease? | Nutritional deficiencies and an inability to maintain a normal weight are serious problems for many people, even children, with Crohn's disease. |
53ba0069d6624eafc57b509b4b6438cd | Are there benefits to gain from omega-3 fatty acids and probiotics in relation to Crohn's disease? | Numerous studies using fish oil and flaxseed oil suggest an important role for good fats in the inflammatory response that characterizes IBD. The studies, though, are inconsistent on whether or not omega-3 fatty acids have a specific anti-inflammatory effect with IBD. If you want to add omega-3 fatty acid supplements to your diet, talk with your doctor first. Other studies are just beginning to examine the possibility that probiotics or "good" bacteria may be beneficial in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. More studies are needed, though, to determine if these supplements can aid in healing the intestine in IBD. |
657916deaaf5e12a7698e78293a3ecb6 | How can you manage Crohn's disease? | Learning to avoid these food triggers may allow you to better self-manage your Crohn's disease, reduce gastrointestinal symptoms, and promote intestinal healing. Avoiding these foods, especially when your disease is active, may give you better control of the symptoms. |
af510932bb0de8ee60bef54d4fbc7159 | What kind of diet should you have if you have Crohn's disease? | If you have Crohn's disease, you probably have found that certain foods trigger your intestinal symptoms, especially when the disease flares. In this setting, an effective Crohn's disease diet plan, based on recommendations from experts, would emphasize eating regular meals -- plus an additional two or three snacks -- each day. That will help ensure you get ample protein, calories, and nutrients. In addition, you will need to take any doctor-recommended vitamin and mineral supplements. By doing so, you will be able to replenish the necessary nutrients in your body. |
588dfd123c2fae0f1bb3d0fb1202707c | Do you need to take supplements with a Crohn's disease diet plan? | In addition, you will need to take any doctor-recommended vitamin and mineral supplements. For example, many people with Crohn's disease have a vitamin D deficiency. A study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine reported that higher doses of vitamin D (1,000 to 2,000 IU each day) may be beneficial, particularly in reducing the risk of colorectal cancer, which may be higher in individuals with IBD. The National Academy of Sciences has established that a dose of 2,000 IU/day of vitamin D is safe. But it's still important that you check with your personal physician to see what dosage is ideal for your situation. |
8f94c3cc8dc66fdf230c16bb7f67ea6f | What should you know about a Crohn's disease diet plan? | To know which foods to leave out of your diet plan, you'll need to determine which foods, if any, trigger yours. Keeping track of the foods you eat each day can help you identify the "offenders" -- foods that may trigger symptoms. |
76a44172e7a8e8d3d99c189b713e2317 | What are sources of vitamin D for prevention of osteoporosis? | Get it from: Low-fat or fat-free dairy products Calcium-fortified juices and foods, like cereal, soy milk, and tofu Sardines and salmon with bones Dark green vegetables, like kale and broccoli Vitamin D helps your body absorb the calcium you eat. Not many foods naturally have the nutrient, but you can get it in: Fatty fish, like salmon, mackerel, and tuna Beef liver, cheese, and egg yolks Fortified foods like milk, cereal, and orange juice Your skin also naturally makes vitamin D when sunlight hits it. You can get at least some of what you need if you spend a little time outdoors every day. But don't overdo it -- too much time in the sun raises your chances for skin cancer. |
09e03cd028c6adfc6f23fbef3a601eb9 | What are sources of calcium for prevention of osteoporosis? | Any of these workouts can help you build muscle and bone: Lifting canned goods or bags of groceries Lifting free weights Lifting young children Using ankle and wrist weights Using elastic resistance bands Using weight machines or free weights Doing pushups, squats, or other moves that use your own body weight When your body doesn't have enough calcium, it will start to break down your bones to get what it needs. That means you lose bone mass. So it's important to make sure you have this nutrient every day in your diet or from supplements. Get it from: Low-fat or fat-free dairy products Calcium-fortified juices and foods, like cereal, soy milk, and tofu Sardines and salmon with bones Dark green vegetables, like kale and broccoli Vitamin D helps your body absorb the calcium you eat. |
26ebd08a18b476cdd5b326a4e8b6e2a7 | How do I exercise my bones to prevent osteoporosis? | That prompts the body to make new bone. Weight-bearing exercises include: Aerobics Climbing stairs Dancing Jogging Tennis and other racket sports Running Tai chi Walking Water aerobics Yoga Strength training is also key to preventing osteoporosis. These workouts also make you more flexible and lower the chances that you'll fall -- the No. Any of these workouts can help you build muscle and bone: Lifting canned goods or bags of groceries Lifting free weights Lifting young children Using ankle and wrist weights Using elastic resistance bands Using weight machines or free weights Doing pushups, squats, or other moves that use your own body weight When your body doesn't have enough calcium, it will start to break down your bones to get what it needs. |
5128f8ea801aec15f7a4ad4feadc3f13 | What are some of the risks of gastric bypass surgery? | People who have gastric bypass surgery are at risk for: Pouch stretching. The stomach gets bigger over time, stretching back to its original size. Breakdown of staple lines. The staples fall apart. Nutritional, vitamin, and mineral deficiencies. Your body will be less able to get nutrients from food. Stomal stenosis. A narrowing forms at the connection of the stomach and small intestine causing nausea, vomiting, reflux, and then an inability to eat. You can get gallstones when you lose weight quickly. |
61ab9ae1074363693edacd2d79429c13 | What are tips for managing my bipolar disorder? | Along with seeing your doctor and therapist and taking your medicines, simple daily habits can make a difference. Pay attention to your sleep. Exercise. Focus on the basics: Favor fruits, vegetables, lean protein, and whole grains. And cut down on fat, salt, and sugar. Tame stress. Limit caffeine. Avoid alcohol and drugs. |
af06fca422a8e33ee3d434a1d09be170 | What are tips for taking care of your skin? | Your skin reflects your health. Do you properly cleanse your skin and wear sunscreen every day? If you're a teenager or if you have a teenager at home, start now to develop healthy habits. Wear wide-brimmed hats, long sleeved shirts, and pants. Use a generous amount of sunscreen and reapply it every two hours, and more often if swimming or sweating. Use sunscreens that have a sun protection factor ( SPF) of 30 or more and that have UVA and UVB protection. Wear sun protective clothing with a UPF (ultra protection factor) of 30 or higher. Wear sunglasses that provide 100% UV protection or UV 400 protection. |
f8a857be0428cf6771419486c0b3e4b1 | Why are omega-3 fatty acids important? | Lack of dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids and too much intake of omega-6 fatty acids is believed to be a significant contributing factor to many diseases. Since the human body cannot make omega-3 fatty acids, we have to get them from our diet. There are no standard doses for omega-3 fatty acids. |
b13e2a2755411a5cdd77cbd22c3ab949 | How are hot spots in dogs treated? | Read more about hot spots in dogs. |
3dce76fa52a2c14e7467050ab1bcc3d9 | What causes vomiting in dogs? | Vomiting is a common dog health problem, with dozens of possible causes, from infection or intestinal parasites to pancreatitis, kidney failure, heatstroke, an obstructuion in the stomach or intestine, or poisoning. |
93efd12e0a69ded8256c8cd7aa2ea999 | What are hot spots in dogs? | They’re commonly known as hot spots, but the medical term for those bare, inflamed, red areas you often see on dogs is acute moist dermatitis -- a bacterial skin infection. Anything that irritates your dog's skin enough to make him scratch or chew can lead to the pain and itch of hot spots, which, if left untreated, can quickly grow larger. A hot spot's location can help your vet diagnose its cause. Fleas, for example, may be the source of a hip hot spot, while a hot spot at the ear might point to ear problems. |
fa58162fb1998303fd53a356bd4aac5f | What is the best way to diagnose a worm problem in dogs? | Signs your dog may have worms include: Diarrhea (may be bloody) Weight loss A change in appetite A rough, dry coat Scooting on his bottom Vomiting (with roundworms in particular) An overall poor appearance The best way to diagnose a worm problem is with a visit to the vet. Treatment depends on which type of worm your dog has, but generally includes an oral medication and may require follow-up. Don't try treating worms yourself: A medication that kills roundworms, for example, doesn't kill tapeworms. |
ee2a4c71def0dd0a4cebfe4c204ec9bf | How can you tell if your dog has fleas? | Ear infections are a common canine health problem, and they can be caused by allergies, yeast, ear mites, bacteria, hair growth deep in the ear canal, and more. Signs your dog may have fleas include: Excessive scratching, licking, or biting at the skin Hair loss Hot spots Allergic dermatitis (allergic response caused by contact) Tapeworms (which are carried by fleas) Flea dirt (looks like small black dots) against your dog's skin Untreated, fleas not only make your dog intensely uncomfortable, they can also cause allergic reactions, infections, and even lead to anemia from blood loss. |
133154fdbdb2c33b906978386ea865ad | What are the symptoms of spine fractures? | That makes it hard for doctors to diagnose the problem early on. But over time, symptoms of a spinal fracture may include: Sudden, severe back pain Pain that gets worse when you stand or walk Trouble bending or twisting your body Loss of height A curved, stooped shape to your spine Fractures in the lower spine often cause greater pain and trouble moving than those in the upper spine. |
d8e2fe77430f4265c6c11805c4a7d799 | What is the treatment for spine fractures? | You'll probably get medicine to relieve your pain while the fracture heals. Your doctor will also encourage you to move around as soon as possible. Physical therapy might be a good idea, too -- a therapist can teach you exercises to help with your injury. Some people need more support for their spine with a brace or surgery. Having one fracture means you're more likely to have another, so your doctor may also talk to you about taking medicines that treat osteoporosis and make your bones stronger. |
11aba94fe0008d8e9ed62093a4010fbd | How can I prevent spine fractures? | It's the best way to diagnose osteoporosis. Even if you already have it, you can take steps to keep it from getting worse. Eat a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, and get regular exercise, especially the weight-bearing and muscle strengthening kinds. |
ab6f9ba53c0900426994a02c9f18b910 | Who is most likely to get spine fractures? | When osteoporosis has made your bones weak, the chances are higher that they'll crack or break, even the bones of your spine. As you get older, your bones become thinner and weaker, and you're more likely to have osteoporosis. Women and men who have osteoporosis have much higher chances of getting spine fractures. |
c93b82cda862238185cd68044c15e56c | What do I need to know about osteoporosis and spine fractures? | The best way to prevent these fractures is to keep your bones as strong as possible by treating or preventing osteoporosis. But over time, symptoms of a spinal fracture may include: Sudden, severe back pain Pain that gets worse when you stand or walk Trouble bending or twisting your body Loss of height A curved, stooped shape to your spine Fractures in the lower spine often cause greater pain and trouble moving than those in the upper spine. Women and men who have osteoporosis have much higher chances of getting spine fractures. |
f8e146c64a9509704f97d8cdeaa53cbd | If you have heart failure, what should you do if you get a skin rash from taking diuretics? | Call your doctor right away. Callyour doctor right away if you have: Fever Sore throat Cough Ringing in the ears Unusual bleeding or bruising Rapid and excessive weight loss Skin rash : Stop taking the medication and call your doctor right away. Call your doctor if you have any other symptoms that cause concern. |
4128e8c06ba7d4b4b73ae64c1d5b3284 | What types of diuretics are there? | There are several types, including: Bumetanide ( Bumex) Furosemide ( Lasix) Hydrochlorothiazide ( Hydrodiuril) Metolazone ( Zaroxolyn) Torsemide ( Demadex) Follow the label. |
2d2d9968a8e2f575a7137cca669601f6 | When you have heart failure, what are signs you're getting dehydrated as a side effect of diuretics? | Dehydration : Signs of this include: Dizziness Extreme thirst Extreme dry mouth You have to pee less Your pee is a dark color Constipation If you have these symptoms, don't assume you need more fluids. Call your doctor right away. |
3455110cf4ae6a9c29900729cd6140c7 | If you have heart failure, what should you tell your doctor about before being prescribed a diuretic? | Before a diuretic is prescribed, tell your doctor if you are taking other drugs for high blood pressure, digoxin, Indocin, lithium, probenecid, or corticosteroids (prednisone). Before you're prescribed a diuretic, tell your doctor if you have diabetes, kidney disease, liver disease, or gout. |
ac2f2490203d139e3c63b3e3a772f69e | What are side effects of diuretics? | Blurred vision , confusion, headache , increased sweating , and restlessness: If these stick around a while or are severe, talk to your doctor. |
ae573b9bc6852408f6c092388649616a | What should you do if you have more side effects while taking diuretics along with medicines for heart failure? | If you have more side effects after taking your medicines together, call your doctor. You may need to change the times you are taking each drug. Potassium-sparing diuretics increase the effects of digoxin and lithium. They may increase your body's potassium level if taken with ACE inhibitors. |
6f21ec6c6e6593dab253ee4c7b590445 | If have you have heart failure, how might your doctor want you to change your diet if you're on a diuretic? | Follow your doctor's advice about your diet. This may include: A low-salt diet Taking a potassium supplement Adding high-potassium foods (such as bananas and orange juice) in your diet. Note: Some diuretics cause your body to lose potassium. If you're taking a "potassium-sparing" diuretic, your doctor may want you to avoid potassium-rich foods, salt substitutes, low-salt milk, and other sources of potassium. If you are not sure what type of diuretic you are taking, ask your doctor. |
ea97d12f0f5e7b745e0ea6c8d37cc167 | If you have heart failure, when should you call your doctor about diuretic side effects? | Callyour doctor right away if you have: Fever Sore throat Cough Ringing in the ears Unusual bleeding or bruising Rapid and excessive weight loss Skin rash : Stop taking the medication and call your doctor right away. |
31c0d3be279cca8081aa83c236b8c8bf | How do you take diuretics when you have heart failure? | There are several types, including: Bumetanide ( Bumex) Furosemide ( Lasix) Hydrochlorothiazide ( Hydrodiuril) Metolazone ( Zaroxolyn) Torsemide ( Demadex) Follow the label. If you are taking a single dose a day, take it in the morning with your breakfast or right afterward. If you're taking more than one dose a day, take your last dose no later than 4 p.m. The number of doses you take each day, the time between doses, and how long you need to take it will depend on the type of diuretic you're prescribed and your condition. |
2a40daf6e455ac72c89f1057b078cd34 | What are diuretics and what are they used for? | This makes it easier for your heart to pump. These medicines may be used to treat high blood pressure and ease the swelling and water buildup caused by many medical problems, including heart failure. Diuretics also help to make breathing easier. Extreme tiredness or weakness : Both should get better as your body adjusts to the medication. |
01cf11ec5c6aa796ad17207892686642 | What are some general tips for taking diuretics if you have heart failure? | The number of doses you take each day, the time between doses, and how long you need to take it will depend on the type of diuretic you're prescribed and your condition. Call your doctor if you gain 2 pounds in 1 day or 5 pounds in 1 week. While taking them, have your blood pressure and kidneys tested regularly, as advised by your doctor. Keep all appointments with your doctor and the lab so that your doctor can monitor your response to the medicine. Avoid alcohol and sleep aids. They may increase the side effects of this drug. |
37a413bd1600a5a709215bea9ce876b1 | How can exercise benefit the brains of kids with ADHD? | Exercise isn't just good for toning muscles. It can help keep the brain in shape, too. When kids exercise, the amount and mix of chemicals called neurotransmitters their brain releases change. Neurotransmitters include dopamine, which is involved with attention. The stimulant medicines used to treat ADHD work by increasing the amount of this same chemical in the brain. So it makes sense that a workout can have many of the same effects on children with ADHD as stimulant drugs. In studies published in the Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, kids with ADHD who exercised performed better on tests of attention, and had less impulsivity, even if they weren't taking stimulant medicines. |
dba353d6aa2dca8948749e9b6b97d36d | How does exercise work on children's brains with ADHD? | Exercise increases blood flow to the brain. Kids with ADHD may have less blood flow to the parts of their brain responsible for: thinking planning emotions behavior Blood vessels. Exercise improves blood vessels and brain structure. This helps with thinking ability. Brain activity. Exercise increases activity in parts of the brain related to behavior and attention. |
8e8ab6d12dabb13208b2bff9aa920e1b | How can exercise help kids with ADHD? | Research is finding that staying active not only lets kids with ADHD burn off steam, but it also can help with issues such as: lack of focus impulsivity poor social skills When used along with traditional ADHD treatments such as stimulant medicines and counseling, regular fitness can have a positive impact on a child's ADHD symptoms. Health experts recommend that kids get at least 60 minutes of moderate to intense exercise every day. How they get that exercise -- bike riding, swimming, playing soccer, dancing -- doesn't really matter. But there is evidence that getting outside and spending time in nature can calm some kids with ADHD. In one study, just a 20-minute walk in the park helped kids with ADHD concentrate better. |
38fbd75284567e1bffba26b29f819535 | What are more reasons to exercise to help with ADHD symptoms? | Beyond helping ADHD symptoms, there are many other reasons to get kids to exercise. Engaging in regular fitness activities can help kids: Stay at a healthy weight Keep blood pressure and cholesterol levels in a normal range Reduce risk of diabetes Improve self-confidence and self-esteem Exercise should be one part of a well-rounded ADHD treatment plan, which may also include medicine and therapy. See a pediatrician, psychologist, or psychiatrist to come up with the best ADHD treatment plan for your child. |
b57f5e99a057d7907c8ec14180e83a44 | How does exercise help thinking and behavior in kids with ADHD? | That's the set of problem-solving skills we use to plan and organize. A lack of these skills makes it hard for your ADHD child to remember to finish his homework or to take his lunch with him when he leaves for school. Exercise may improve executive function in kids with ADHD. Many kids with ADHD also struggle socially and with their behavior. Playing a sport can have the added benefits of improving both of these areas. In studies, kids who exercised got in trouble less often for disruptive behaviors such as talking out of turn, name calling, hitting, moving inappropriately, and refusing to participate in activities. Because of all these benefits, exercise can boost the effectiveness of ADHD medicine when they are used together. It also can help kids who haven't responded to stimulant drugs or other ADHD medications. |
e4d98dde30a9aefeff724aa5ff99754c | How can ADHD affect kids? | To release that restless energy, kids with ADHD need to get plenty of exercise. Research is finding that staying active not only lets kids with ADHD burn off steam, but it also can help with issues such as: lack of focus impulsivity poor social skills When used along with traditional ADHD treatments such as stimulant medicines and counseling, regular fitness can have a positive impact on a child's ADHD symptoms. One of the areas in which kids with ADHD have particular trouble is with executive function . Many kids with ADHD also struggle socially and with their behavior. |
68632133c2581eaffe90ce093e5faba8 | How do you know if you have HIV? | The only way to know for sure is with an HIV test. So get tested if you think you could've gotten the virus, whether or not you have any symptoms. It's also important to see your doctor or go to the emergency room right away if you think you could have been exposed to the virus in the past couple of days. A medication called post-exposure prophylaxis ( PEP) can keep you from getting HIV. But you have to take it within 72 hours of when you get the virus for it to work. A doctor can give you a prescription for PEP, and you'll take it once or twice a day for 28 days. |
8642a01299f529ec87345a442c24726a | Can tricyclic antidepressants help treat postherpetic neuralgia? | Examples are: Carbamazepine ( Carbatrol, Equetro, Epitol, Tegretol) Gabapentin ( Fanatrex, Neurontin) Pregabalin ( Lyrica) Tricyclic antidepressants: These have been shown to help ease the pain of postherpetic neuralgia. |
68820675b9ddf045c96e0e25ee0b7fbf | What are symptoms due to local growth of a tumor from small-cell lung cancer? | Symptoms due to local growth of the tumor include the following: Cough Coughing up blood Shortness of breath Chest pain worsened by deep breathing Symptoms due to spread of the cancer to nearby areas include the following: Hoarse voice, resulting from compression of the nerve that supplies the vocal cords Shortness of breath, resulting from compression of the nerve that supplies the muscles of the diaphragm, or the lungs filling with fluid and stridor (sound produced by turbulent flow of air through a narrowed part of the respiratory tract) resulting from compression of the trachea (windpipe) or larger bronchi (airways of the lung) Difficulty swallowing, resulting from compression of the esophagus (food pipe) Swelling of the face and hands, resulting from compression of the superior vena cava (vein that returns deoxygenated blood from the upper body) Symptoms due to distant cancer spread depend on the site of spread and can include the following: Spread to the brain can cause headache, blurring of vision, nausea, vomiting, weakness of any limb, mental changes, and seizures. |
b855c2ab1fd2be31bcf58a27b46d8d88 | When should you 911 about symptoms of small-cell lung cancer? | Consult a doctor if any of the following symptoms are present: Shortness of breath Coughing up blood Unexplained weight loss Voice change New cough or change in the consistency of a cough Unexplained persistent fatigue Unexplained deep aches or pains Call 911 if any of the following symptoms are present: Coughing up large amounts of blood Chest pain Sudden shortness of breath Sudden or severe weakness of any limb Sudden vision problems Seizures Initial exams and tests for suspected lung cancer may include the following: Medical, surgical, work, and smoking history Physical exam to check for general signs of health Chest X-ray CT scan of the chest: An X-ray machine linked to a computer takes a series of detailed pictures of the inside of the chest from different angles. |
9c3cc1a6face843803d90bc1d3166777 | What are the two types of small-cell lung cancer? | There are 2 main types: Small-cell carcinoma (oat cell cancer) Combined small-cell carcinoma Both include many types of cells that grow and spread in different ways. They are named according to what the cells look like under a microscope. Small-cell lung cancer differs from non-small-cell lung cancer in the following ways: Small-cell lung cancer grows rapidly. |
1aef210c1fed31570f849fc9c6d00bbd | What symptoms might you have if small-cell lung cancer spreads to distant parts of the body? | Symptoms due to local growth of the tumor include the following: Cough Coughing up blood Shortness of breath Chest pain worsened by deep breathing Symptoms due to spread of the cancer to nearby areas include the following: Hoarse voice, resulting from compression of the nerve that supplies the vocal cords Shortness of breath, resulting from compression of the nerve that supplies the muscles of the diaphragm, or the lungs filling with fluid and stridor (sound produced by turbulent flow of air through a narrowed part of the respiratory tract) resulting from compression of the trachea (windpipe) or larger bronchi (airways of the lung) Difficulty swallowing, resulting from compression of the esophagus (food pipe) Swelling of the face and hands, resulting from compression of the superior vena cava (vein that returns deoxygenated blood from the upper body) Symptoms due to distant cancer spread depend on the site of spread and can include the following: Spread to the brain can cause headache, blurring of vision, nausea, vomiting, weakness of any limb, mental changes, and seizures. Spread to the vertebral column can cause back pain. Spread to the spinal cord can cause paralysis and loss of bowel or bladder function. Spread to the bone can cause bone pain. Spread to the liver can cause pain in the right upper part of the abdomen. |
deb49e316568f3b38f2ae4493d4d1974 | What happens when you get video-assisted thoracoscopy (VATS) if you have lung cancer? | Video-assisted thoracoscopy ( VATS): A doctor will insert a lighted tube with a video camera through small openings in the chest. It's a way to look at the lungs and other tissue. |
990bc8a3c8823f384385d940732df0b3 | When should you call a doctor about symptoms of small-cell lung cancer? | Consult a doctor if any of the following symptoms are present: Shortness of breath Coughing up blood Unexplained weight loss Voice change New cough or change in the consistency of a cough Unexplained persistent fatigue Unexplained deep aches or pains Call 911 if any of the following symptoms are present: Coughing up large amounts of blood Chest pain Sudden shortness of breath Sudden or severe weakness of any limb Sudden vision problems Seizures Initial exams and tests for suspected lung cancer may include the following: Medical, surgical, work, and smoking history Physical exam to check for general signs of health Chest X-ray CT scan of the chest: An X-ray machine linked to a computer takes a series of detailed pictures of the inside of the chest from different angles. |
386101f6768ac5b0c0b2ce7cba4dc01a | What happens when you get a CT scan of your chest and abdomen if you have lung cancer? | CT scan of the chest and abdomen: An X-ray machine linked to a computer takes a series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body from different angles. The doctor may inject a dye into a vein. A contrast agent may be given to swallow so that the organs or tissues more clearly show up on the scan. |
469a94c37119a49bb58f97dc445aaf41 | When might you start radiation therapy if you have small-cell lung cancer? | This depends on factors such as the stage of the cancer and the person's overall health. Radiation and chemotherapy: Sequential-radiation treatment may be given, followed by chemotherapy. However, in comparative studies, the earlier the radiation is started concurrently with chemotherapy (as early as the first cycle of chemotherapy), the better the outcome. |
d4bc7c5299ce76c832fd1a14f5f57533 | What is palliative for small-cell lung cancer? | Palliative and terminal care Because small-cell lung cancer is diagnosed in most people when it is not curable, palliative care becomes important. The goal of palliative and terminal care is to manage pain and discomfort and enhance quality of life. Palliative care not only focuses on comfort but also addresses the concerns of the patient's family and loved ones. Caregivers may include family and friends in addition to doctors, nurses, and other health care professionals. |
0a10efac0cdd4335687cc367cf8fa229 | Does surgery treat small-cell lung cancer? | Surgery Surgery plays little, if any, role in the management of small-cell lung cancer, because almost all cancers have spread by the time they are discovered. The exceptions are the relatively small number of people (less than 15%) whose cancer is discovered at a very early stage of the disease, when the cancer is confined to the lung without any spread to the lymph nodes. However, surgery alone is not considered curative, so chemotherapy is also given. Sometimes radiation therapy will also be needed if the cancer had spread to the nearby lymph nodes. |
a2d0fac28a0f4c4f60481e4f24e866ab | How do PET scans help diagnose lung cancer? | PET scan: A small amount of radioactive material is injected into the bloodstream and measures the metabolism of the organs to see if the cancer has spread. |
7fb743adccbdc8c04609903f3f219212 | What is thoracentesis for suspected lung cancer? | Thoracentesis: The lungs are enclosed in a sac. Lung cancer can cause fluid to collect in this sac. This is called pleural effusion. In people who have cancer, this fluid may contain cancer cells. |
ff70e4f6c6cc587a596c90e9cc0045d2 | What is a bronchoscopy for testing for lung cancer? | Bronchoscopy: This is a procedure used to look inside the trachea (windpipe) and large airways in the lung for abnormal areas. A bronchoscope (a thin, flexible, lighted tube with a tiny camera on the end) is inserted through the mouth or nose and down the windpipe. From there, it can be inserted into the airways (bronchi) of the lungs. During bronchoscopy, the doctor looks for tumors and takes a biopsy (a sample of cells that is removed for examination under a microscope) from the airways. |
6e63e57893afc6a8dfb1b3c7c7b53a8c | What is a transthoracic needle lung biopsy? | Lung biopsy: If a tumor is on the periphery of the lung, it may not be seen with bronchoscopy. Instead, a biopsy sample has to be taken with the help of a needle inserted through the chest wall and into the tumor. This procedure is called a transthoracic needle biopsy. They can look at the lungs and lymph nodes nearby and can take a biopsy of the tissue. |
bbd5f2d7e7304ca272363079dc203e37 | How can you tell if you have swimmer's ear? | If it hurts when you tug or press your ear, you may have swimmer's ear. |
1fac7f6313e1ac7ab0d24eb9f5b3e076 | Why do people get swimmer's ear? | Most of the time, your ear fights off the germs that cause swimmer's ear on its own. You can thank your earwax for that. While it doesn't get much respect, earwax helps protect the ear canal from damage and makes it hard for germs to grow. But if the skin gets scratched, germs can get into your ear canal and cause an infection. |
32f37d14ed83a506756ccc4749c3d984 | What things can play a role in swimmer's ear? | Other things can play a role in swimmer's ear, like: Your age. While swimmer's ear can happen to anyone, it's most common in kids and early teenagers. Narrow ear canals. Kids often have ear canals that are small and don't drain as well. Skin reactions and conditions. Sometimes hair products, cosmetics, and jewelry can irritate your skin and raise the odds of getting swimmer's ear. So can skin problems like eczema and psoriasis. |
8c15b43e550344de51ea5e5266af020a | What causes swimmer's ear and what are the symptoms? | Usually, swimmer's ear is caused by bacteria, but it can sometimes be brought on by a virus or fungus. Symptoms you may get are: Itchiness in the ear Pain, which can become severe Trouble hearing (sound may seem muffled as your ear canal swells) Fluid or pus draining out of the ear Here's one way to tell which type of ear infection you have. |
4a58fed63170ac2effe76727a2713ac6 | Is swimmer's ear an ear infection? | Swimmer's ear is different from the common ear infection that your young child often gets after a cold. Those are middle ear infections, or "otitis media" in doctor speak, and they happen deeper in the ear, behind the eardrum. |
b05a6c08b8e10883c12b14a932b9c5ff | How is swimmer's ear diagnosed and treated? | If you have ear pain, don't wait -- see your doctor right away. Getting treatment quickly can stop an infection from getting worse. During your appointment, your doctor will look in your ear and may gently clean it out. This will help treatments work better. Then, you'll probably get eardrops that may have antibiotics, steroids, or other ingredients to fight the infection and help with swelling. In some cases, you may need to take antibiotic pills, too. |
0179da67e4912aba290be973954dbb3e | What is swimmer's ear? | Swimmer's ear, which has the medical name of otitis externa, is an infection in your ear canal. Swimmer's ear is different from the common ear infection that your young child often gets after a cold. But if the skin gets scratched, germs can get into your ear canal and cause an infection. Your doctor may need to test a sample of any fluid in your ear to help you decide on the best treatment. |
ae2ca4a724581361baeb2b89e44b8451 | What causes swimmer's ear other than water? | Swimmer's ear is different from the common ear infection that your young child often gets after a cold. While it doesn't get much respect, earwax helps protect the ear canal from damage and makes it hard for germs to grow. If you use cotton swabs, fingers, hairpins, pen caps, or anything else to clean your ears, it can rub away the protective earwax or scratch your skin. Sometimes hair products, cosmetics, and jewelry can irritate your skin and raise the odds of getting swimmer's ear. But sometimes, it can get worse or lead to other problems, such as: Long-term swimmer's ear (chronic otitis externa). |
5842e0a82cd3465f5c56e5e8ee23938f | Can you get swimmer's ear if you don't swim? | No matter how you got your swimmer's ear, once you learn to recognize the signs, you have plenty of options to treat it. Usually, swimmer's ear is caused by bacteria, but it can sometimes be brought on by a virus or fungus. But if the skin gets scratched, germs can get into your ear canal and cause an infection. When water gets stuck in your ear canal after swimming -- or after you soak in a hot tub or even take a shower or bath -- it can remove some of the earwax and soften the skin, which makes it easier for germs to get in. |
15018b7d3d278f399990788e2a5825ac | What are complications of swimmer's ear? | Most of the time, your ear fights off the germs that cause swimmer's ear on its own. But sometimes, it can get worse or lead to other problems, such as: Long-term swimmer's ear (chronic otitis externa). This is when swimmer's ear doesn't go away within 3 months. It can happen if you have hard-to-treat bacteria, fungus, allergies, or skin conditions like psoriasis or eczema. Your doctor may need to test a sample of any fluid in your ear to help you decide on the best treatment. Other infections. Sometimes, the bacteria can spread deeper into your skin or to other parts of your body. One rare condition is malignant otitis externa, which happens when the infection moves into bone and cartilage in your head. It's a medical emergency, and it's most common in older people with diabetes and people with HIV or other immune system problems. Treatment for these infections is with more powerful antibiotics, either by mouth or through a needle ( IV). |
6a0e2867f60c867c7c57676b54b80259 | How can IUDs (intrauterine devices) help with birth control? | These are small, plastic devices that a doctor or nurse will insert into your uterus. The procedure is simple and quick, although a little uncomfortable. Once it's in position, the IUD will protect you from pregnancy for a long time. IUDs that use hormones are good for 3-5 years depending on which type you get. The copper- T version -- which uses copper, a natural sperm-killer -- is good for up to 10 years. IUDs are about 99% effective in preventing pregnancy. |
9f82d6de6d0cfaa607fe7bb42d4e490b | What is permanent birth control? | Women can choose to have a tubal ligation in which the under general anesthesia, the fallopian tubes are closed off preventing eggs from reaching the ovaries. This is also known as âhaving your tubes tied.â For men, the permanent birth control option would be a vasectomy. During this procedure, your doctor causes a permanent interruption in the tube that allows the sperm to get into the semen |
71b075e4b85c59e8f613547716b8d0ee | What are the types hormonal birth control? | These include birth control pills, stick-on patches, insertable vaginal rings, shots, and implants. You'll need a prescription for them. They use hormones, similar to the ones in your body, to stop the release of an egg so that it can't get fertilized by sperm. |
1cddd87de200ecebc97435f02ca99274 | What is emergency contraception? | It's for use after unprotected sex or if your condom breaks. It can prevent pregnancy up to 3 to 5 days later, although the sooner you take it, the better. Most emergency contraception products are so-called "morning after" pills, but the copper- T IUD works as emergency contraception, too. Women who are overweight or obese who want emergency contraception should consider using the copper T IUD, since research shows that emergency contraception pills start to lose effectiveness for them. |
f2bd34a787b7d74fceb358f3ab3deef8 | How do I know if postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is right for me to treat hot flashes? | Do you have abnormal vaginal bleeding, such as extremely heavy periods or spotting between periods? Do you have a history of endometrial or uterine cancer? Do you currently have, or have you in the past had, venous thrombosis (blood clots in the lungs or veins)? This includes thrombosis or blood clots during pregnancy or when taking birth control pills. Do you have chronic liver disease? Do you smoke? Do you have gallbladder disease? Yes No If you answered yes to any of the above questions, HRT may not be for you. |
09201c78d9fca46d626f9e66ca53a4ea | Why should you never discontinue any medication for depression without talking to your doctor? | You should never discontinue any medication without talking to your doctor about it first. Most antidepressants are gradually tapered off when a decision is made to stop them. If you abruptly stop taking some antidepressants, you could develop physical symptoms such as nausea, dizziness, headache, flu-like symptoms, or stomach upset (called a "discontinuation syndrome"). While symptoms from abrupt discontinuation generally pose no medical hazard, they can be uncomfortable and resolve once a medicine has been restarted. |
6349e5295b0714a3a4d1f65a15b61a6e | How risky are antidepressants in the treatment for depression in people with bipolar disorder? | In people with bipolar disorder, antidepressants have a small but significant risk for triggering manic or hypomanic symptoms, and antidepressants are usually not recommended without also taking a mood stabilizer. Antidepressants also may be less effective in people with bipolar than unipolar (major) depression, and their long-term value and safety are more controversial and less well-established in bipolar than unipolar depression. |
d3b199d9c67f33c126ad048e7ac5b0ae | How safe are antidepressant medications for children and teens? | The FDA has the manufacturers of all antidepressant drugs put a boxed warning that states that antidepressants have been shown to increase suicidal thinking and behavior in children and adolescents and should be used with caution. |
8322ded7ae7779d73e8705772af5ccc3 | When and how can you stop taking antidepressants? | When you and your doctor determine that you are better and have remained well without a relapse for at least several months, your doctor may gradually taper you off your medicines. Once you and your doctor have determined it is safe for you to stop taking your medicine altogether, you should continue to be monitored during periodic follow-up appointments (about every three months) to detect any signs of depression recurrence. |
61118ebd66136b8cc2e8d2768e17d9de | What are the side effects of antidepressants? | Antidepressants are medications used to treat depression. You are usually monitored closely during this time to detect the development of side effects and to determine the effectiveness of treatment. You should never discontinue any medication without talking to your doctor about it first. |
34c6d3a4b7560e44c3a33f32c77c7bec | How can brain injuries be classified? | They could be brought on by medical problems like a stroke or tumor. These are called acquired brain injuries ( ABIs). But most often, brain injuries are due to a violent blow or jolt to the head. These are called traumatic brain injuries ( TBIs). |
39331f9a3d8a904cfea1b592134707c6 | What are the symptoms of second impact syndrome? | This is known as second impact syndrome. Second impact syndrome causes rapid and severe brain swelling. The symptoms are almost immediate and include the following: Dilated pupils Loss of eye movement Respiratory failure Unconsciousness Symptoms will progress rapidly. At the very least, it will result in severe TBI and have long-lasting effects that will change your everyday life. |
fdc10b7a4843fde54bffa5e390af3063 | What are symptoms of brain injuries? | If you take a hit to the head, be on the lookout for these symptoms: Balance problems Blurred vision Dizziness Delayed response to questions Headaches Memory loss Nausea Ringing in the ears Seizure Slurred speech Vomiting This form of TBI is when you have bruises on the brain that cause bleeding. |
070fb109b9591efeb8cbc837c5c3beae | Is a concussion the same thing as a traumatic brain injuries (TBI)? | Concussions are the most common type of TBI. They aren't usually life-threatening, but there are dangers. These injuries may not show up in initial tests and could take as long as a few years to completely heal. Immediate symptoms can be loss of consciousness or feeling dazed and confused. But it may take a while before you have any symptoms. |
1617d57b355fa0f1149d3fab530f9c7c | What precautions should I take if Iâve had a traumatic brain injury (TBI)? | If you have had a TBI, take steps to avoid another injury to your brain. Even with mild TBIs, repeated injuries can do long-lasting damage to your nervous system and weaken your mental awareness. If TBIs continue to happen over a short period of time, they could lead to death. Make sure your first TBI has fully healed. Although concussions are generally listed as mild, getting a second concussion before the first one has healed can be deadly. This is known as second impact syndrome. |
6d3b49879c4d9cab5a5c6dd7231db4e4 | What are signs of a brain injury that I should I see a doctor about? | Not every hit to the head will result in a TBI, but if you have any concerns, see your doctor. TBIs can cause any number of problems. You may not be able to think or communicate well, and it can dull your sensory skills. Be on the lookout for changes in these areas, among others: Anxiety Depression Memory Muscle function Poor judgment Sight Sound Smell Taste Touch Understanding TBIs can increase the risk of brain diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. |
706ea59387e5a4718565771433e0e2e7 | How effective are very low-calorie diets? | If you have a BMI over 30 (which your doctor will call âobeseâ), then a very low-calorie diet may let you lose about 3 to 5 pounds per week, for an average total weight loss of 44 pounds over 12 weeks. Losing that amount of weight may improve weight-related medical conditions, including diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol. But in the long-run, very low-calorie diets aren't more effective than more modest diets. Once you go off a diet, you need to change your lifestyle, committing to healthy eating and regular physical activity. |
2f4c0478f664381961a5c57e96dcc946 | Are very low-calorie diets safe? | Very low-calorie diets are not OK for everyone. Talk to your doctor to see if this kind of diet is appropriate for you. If your BMI is greater than 30, then very low-calorie diets are generally safe when used under proper medical supervision. For people who are overweight but not obese ( BMI of 27-30), very low-calorie diets should be reserved for those who have weight-related medical problems and are under medical supervision. Very low-calorie-diets are not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women, and are not appropriate for children or teens except in specialized treatment programs. They also may not be OK for people over age 50, either, depending on the potential need for medications for pre-existing conditions, as well as the possibility of side effects. |
39d3068d5e49c63e0a41a92cca738a17 | What are the side effects of very low-calorie diets? | People on a very low-calorie diet for 4 to 16 weeks report minor side effects such as fatigue, constipation, nausea, and diarrhea. These conditions usually improve within a few weeks and rarely prevent people from completing the program. Gallstones are the most common serious side effect of very low-calorie diets. The liver then secretes more cholesterol and when combined with bile, can form gallstones. |
399dc8d58e2fd88eff7f2caa58630c3e | How many calories a day do you usually get if you're on a low-calorie diet? | Many very low-calorie diets are commercially-made formulas of 800 calories or fewer that replace all the food you usually eat. Talk to your doctor or dietitian to make sure you get the nutrients you need while on a very low-calorie diet. |
c18dc8d38d9cca91314c75c2c6d92a98 | What are alternative therapies for essential tremor? | There is currently no evidence that alternative therapies are beneficial in treating Essential Tremor. Patients who have tremors that worsen with emotional stress may find relaxation therapies helpful, but this type of alternative therapy is certainly not a treatment. Some herbal supplements may actually increase tremor. Always consult your doctor before trying any alternative therapy. |
1c7b9bff67ae21ef0f669a8ca13d9ead | How can essential tremor medications affect pregnancy? | Discuss the use of ET medications with your doctor before getting pregnant, as some drugs put the developing baby at risk. |
37b756b0da69e69848943fb0f56a8b31 | What is treatment for essential tremor? | Essential tremor is a movement disorder characterized by uncontrollable shaking (tremors) in different parts and on different sides of the body. There is no cure for essential tremor, but treatments that provide relief from its symptoms may be helpful in improving quality of life. These include medications, MRI-focused ultrasound, and surgical procedures that ease tremor. Not every treatment or procedure is effective for every person with ET, but most patients find satisfactory relief. Your doctor will recommend an individualized treatment plan, including certain lifestyle changes that may help to reduce your tremors. |
ff38b81d4cd7295708a6b1180f4895b7 | What are treatments for different stages of esophageal cancer? | Chemotherapy, radiation, targeted therapy, immunotherapy; treatment for this stage focuses on "palliative" therapy. |
2c47a246f7dc1b01e0ed976a717a2953 | What are the symptoms of esophageal cancer? | Early on there may be no symptoms. In more advanced cancers, symptoms of esophageal cancer include: Difficulty or pain when swallowing Weight loss Pain in the chest, behind the breastbone Coughing Hoarseness Indigestion and heartburn There are a number of factors which increase a person's risk of developing esophageal cancer. |
4521203f41714a8d6920c0f134d599a3 | Who gets esophageal cancer? | They include: Smoking or other use of tobacco Heavy alcohol use Gastroesophageal reflux disease ( GERD), in which contents and acid from the stomach back up into the esophagus Barrett's esophagus, a condition that affects the lower part of the esophagus and can lead to esophageal cancer; Barrett's esophagus may be caused by GERD. Over time, stomach acid in the esophagus can cause changes in the cells that increase risk for adenocarcinoma. In addition, certain groups -- men, the elderly, and people who are obese -- are at greater risk for esophageal cancer. Risk of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is higher in white men, but squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus is more common in Asian men and men of color. |
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