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29a2a20c23bb75bb163043a170e17f57 | When can I drive after breast cancer surgery? | Ask your doctor before you get back behind the wheel. Most women can start driving again 10-14 days after surgery. |
02e04e54d62cc94a20c233582c7c31ab | How do doctors diagnose autism? | An autism diagnosis starts with a parent answering a questionnaire about the child, often about behaviors that started when they were very young. Further tests and tools may include more questionnaires, surveys, and checklists, as well as interviews and observed activities. |
7019f675e72126f5938020af2aa4a137 | How do doctors diagnose ADHD? | To diagnose ADHD, doctors look for a pattern of behaviors over time like being distracted or forgetful, not following through, having trouble waiting for a turn, and fidgeting or squirming. They'll ask for feedback from parents, teachers, and other adults that care for the child. A doctor will also try to rule out other possible causes for the symptoms. |
8531279c44ac5846f95f69fd12f8c77e | What should parents study to understand their child more? | You should also study how your child is learning to communicate. Although kids with either condition struggle to interact with others, those with autism tend to be self-centered. They often have a hard time putting words to their thoughts and feelings, and they may not be able to point to an object to give meaning to their speech. They find it hard to make eye contact. |
9f35d3efa4c141c54e369946a6ac7adf | What are some common traits of people with ADHD and autism? | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD) and autism can look a lot like each other. Children with either condition can have problems focusing. They can be impulsive or have a hard time communicating. They may have trouble with schoolwork and with relationships. |
8941931170fabf30c88f63b28592f605 | How are ADHD and autism different? | Keep an eye on how your child pays attention. Those with autism struggle to focus on things that they don't like, such as reading a book or doing a puzzle. And they may fixate on things that they do like, such as playing with a particular toy. Kids with ADHD lose initial interest, and they dislike and avoid things they'll have to concentrate on. |
c1de75457e83b6e37e8db3c2839bc088 | How do doctors treat ADHD? | There's no one-size-fits-all way to deal with ADHD. Younger kids start with behavior therapy, and the doctor may prescribe medication if symptoms don't improve enough. Older kids will usually get both. ADHD symptoms, and their treatment, may change over time. |
91401e20b1edb9a69fd895590daba0ef | What are some traits associated with autism? | An autistic child loves order and repetition, but one with ADHD doesn't, even if it helps them. A child with autism might want the same type of food at a favorite restaurant, for instance, or become overly attached to one toy or shirt. They'll become upset when routines change. |
fc888c0d19295391af12f7f2c9d75235 | What are some traits associated with ADHD? | A child with ADHD, on the other hand, may talk nonstop. They're more likely to interrupt when someone else is speaking or butt in and try to monopolize a conversation. |
4b877934f65bd4ed17588bdb5080756a | What types of therapy can help kids with autism communicate better? | They find it hard to make eye contact. Younger kids start with behavior therapy, and the doctor may prescribe medication if symptoms don't improve enough. |
43e4ad7639f537cdcd399aed4e19b819 | What should parents do if they think their child has ADHD or autism? | And you can have both. You can start with your pediatrician, who may refer you to a specialist. There's no one-size-fits-all way to deal with ADHD. |
65cf063b690424458455891555c1f31a | What is the difference between autism and ADHD? | And you can have both. There's no one-size-fits-all way to deal with ADHD. |
a4352e4ec33b3a27be57d61605ce02e2 | How does fibromyalgia affect sleep? | You may be able to fall asleep, but your sleep is light and easily disturbed. When you get up in the morning, you're exhausted and not refreshed. It doesn't help the fatigue. Tests done in sleep labs show that people with fibro are constantly interrupted by bursts of brain activity similar to what happens in the brain when they're awake. These interruptions limit how much time you spend in deep sleep, when your body restores itself, and you feel run down as a result. Up to half of all people with fibromyalgia have depression or an anxiety disorder when they're diagnosed with fibro. |
59e10fe99c9f85c847888bf98017fd05 | What does the pain and tenderness associated with fibromyalgia feel like? | Since there are no lab or imaging tests for it, when you go to get a diagnosis, your doctor will ask about your symptoms to decide if you have fibromyalgia Many people with fibro -- also called fibromyalgia syndrome or FMS -- may have: Pain and tender points Fatigue Sleep problems Concentration and memory problems, known as "fibro fog" Anxiety or depression Morning stiffness Numbness, and tingling in hands, arms, feet, and legs Headaches Irritable bowel syndrome Problems with urinating Painful menstrual cramps Almost all people with fibromyalgia ache all over. It can feel similar to osteoarthritis, bursitis, and tendinitis, but it's over your entire body. This is usually what makes you go see your doctor. The pain can be deep, sharp, dull, throbbing, or aching. You feel it in your muscles, tendons, and ligaments around the joints. For some people, the pain comes and goes. It could travel throughout your body. You may also have tender points -- specific spots around your joints that hurt when you press them with a finger. If you press a tender point on a person without fibromyalgia, they'll just feel pressure. But that same pressure would be very painful for someone with fibro. These tender points are in predictable places on the body. They're often under the surface of the skin, not in areas of deep pain. It's the tissue around the muscles and joints that hurts rather than the joints themselves. |
71bf344524898d79255063b0b4af55db | How does fibromyalgia affect mood? | Up to half of all people with fibromyalgia have depression or an anxiety disorder when they're diagnosed with fibro. Dealing with being fatigued and in pain all the time can be stressful. You probably worry about keeping up with life and what you can do to feel better. You may become less active and more withdrawn, which can lead to depression. It's also possible that anxiety and depression may actually be a part of fibromyalgia, like the pain. People diagnosed with fibromyalgia and depression have a hard time with concentration and short-term memory, which make it hard to remember day-to-day things, like where they've put their keys or plans they've made for lunch tomorrow. |
01bdb9466d7b6b8a63e3787937baba8c | How can problems peeing happen to people with fibromyalgia? | Feeling the urge to go a lot, hurting when you do, or a leaky bladder can happen when you have fibromyalgia. These symptoms could also be caused by bladder and kidney diseases, such as an infection. |
aa7204243dadd58dce52f5206b6b55e8 | How do headaches affect people with fibromyalgia? | Up to 2 out of 5 people with fibro also get migraine or tension headaches regularly. They may be a result of pain in your neck and upper back. They're often caused by tight neck muscles. They may also be caused by tender points over the back of your head and neck. Headaches can make it much harder for you to live with fibro and manage the disease. |
0a4cbcba9b097789f543407d027dcc0d | What should you know about the symptoms of fibromyalgia? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Because the classic symptoms of fibromyalgia -- widespread muscle and joint pain and fatigue -- aren't very distinctive, the condition is often misdiagnosed and misunderstood. You may not have all of the symptoms, and you may have other medical problems, too. Since there are no lab or imaging tests for it, when you go to get a diagnosis, your doctor will ask about your symptoms to decide if you have fibromyalgia Many people with fibro -- also called fibromyalgia syndrome or FMS -- may have: Pain and tender points Fatigue Sleep problems Concentration and memory problems, known as "fibro fog" Anxiety or depression Morning stiffness Numbness, and tingling in hands, arms, feet, and legs Headaches Irritable bowel syndrome Problems with urinating Painful menstrual cramps Almost all people with fibromyalgia ache all over. |
a8a2596fc3ac5e3b8fd5c98510bd0315 | How does swelling and tingling in hands and feet affect people with fibromyalgia? | While the cause of numbness, tingling, and burning is unclear, many people with fibro feel them. These sensations, called paresthesia, tend to happen randomly. They may last a few minutes, or they may be constant. The feelings can be especially bothersome in the mornings along with morning stiffness. |
5e69aaff07bc025d56adf634b23b19b1 | How does fibromyalgia affect menstrual cramps? | You may not have all of the symptoms, and you may have other medical problems, too. |
5a790e1e708b3f67e0e7dbe3c628e4c0 | What does fatigue feel like in people with fibromyalgia? | A lingering tiredness and feeling drained is another big complaint. People often feel tired even when they should feel rested, such as after a good night's sleep. Some say it's like having the flu. Some compare it to working long hours and missing a lot of sleep. You may feel too tired to exercise or more tired after a workout. Simple things such as grocery shopping or cooking dinner could wipe you out. Starting a project such as folding clothes or ironing could seem like too much effort. You might even be too tired for sex. |
dbb52bd79ebdaed0446057fa2d6db155 | How common is irritable bowel syndrome in people with fibromyalgia? | About two-thirds of people with fibromyalgia often have belly pain, gas, and bloating and feel like throwing up. They can also have constipation and diarrhea. Many have acid reflux or gastroesophageal reflux disease ( GERD), too. |
1caaf93e13c25365af15eb807777c422 | What are common symptoms of and related conditions associated with fibromyalgia? | Since there are no lab or imaging tests for it, when you go to get a diagnosis, your doctor will ask about your symptoms to decide if you have fibromyalgia Many people with fibro -- also called fibromyalgia syndrome or FMS -- may have: Pain and tender points Fatigue Sleep problems Concentration and memory problems, known as "fibro fog" Anxiety or depression Morning stiffness Numbness, and tingling in hands, arms, feet, and legs Headaches Irritable bowel syndrome Problems with urinating Painful menstrual cramps Almost all people with fibromyalgia ache all over. |
6473d6a867c996a071e45b5ed97d74e7 | What is morning stiffness like in people with fibromyalgia? | Most people with fibromyalgia feel like they need to "loosen up" after getting out of bed before they can start their day. The muscles and joints of their back, arms, and legs feel stiff. It's not typical creakiness. It's more like the stiffness someone with rheumatoid arthritis feels. Although some people say it lasts only a few minutes, the stiffness usually sticks around for more than 15 to 20 minutes each day. Sometimes it lasts for hours, and it could linger all day. |
5ce2cf7f4d5ba2896719b8c7a75ff568 | What are side effects of the flu shot in adults? | If you get the nasal spray, you might have side effects like a runny nose, headache, cough, and sore throat. |
4b067a31deb4dcd13950f0fc5ff702b2 | Can the flu shot have severe side effects? | Serious side effects are rare. If they do happen, it's within a few minutes to a few hours after you get the shot. Call your doctor right away if you have trouble breathing, hives, feel weak or dizzy, or have a fast heartbeat afterward. |
e6178c9b33e081f35ff58fa4a05a59cf | What is the best way to protect yourself from the flu? | The flu vaccine is the best way to protect yourself from the influenza virus. The flu shot becomes effective about 2 weeks after you get it. Some people should make sure it's OK to get vaccinated. |
3e01cec21763dbf257ef9f5625cc2f35 | What is the difference between asthma and colds? | Asthma is associated with inflammation of the lower airways inside your lungs called the bronchial tubes. Colds result from infection with a virus. Cold viruses mainly affect your nose and throat. These are the upper airways. |
5069192693795f74f00ff9de4e9bf108 | What are the common symptoms of asthma? | The most common asthma symptoms include: Frequent coughing Shortness of breath Wheezing Chest tightness Cold symptoms often begin with throat discomfort or sore throat. |
43cd7f888b8c6a83b5861994a7629774 | What happens to your airways during an asthma attack? | Asthma is associated with inflammation of the lower airways inside your lungs called the bronchial tubes. During normal breathing, the bands of muscle that surround the airways are relaxed. During an asthma attack, three main changes occur that stop air from moving easily through the airways: The bands of muscle that surround the airways tighten. This tightening is called bronchospasm. The cells that line the airways produce more mucus, which is thicker than normal. Call your doctor if you experience any of these signs: Fever (with a temperature over 101 ° F) or chills Increased fatigue or weakness A very sore throat or pain when swallowing Sinus headaches, upper toothaches, or tenderness or pain of the upper cheekbones Coughing up greater amounts of yellow- or green-colored mucus Difficulty swallowing your saliva Also call your doctor if you have any other symptoms that cause concern, such as the following: Increased shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, or wheezing Symptoms getting worse or remaining unchanged after seven days Symptoms remaining unchanged or getting worse after 10 days Eye pain or swelling and/or vision changes Severe head or facial pain or swelling Neck stiffness or sensitivity to light Good hygiene can decrease viral infections such as colds. |
009add03be0429ffd9dec2ea56d14b6a | How can an asthma action plan help you manage asthma and colds? | If you have asthma, catching a cold may worsen or trigger your symptoms. It may also include adding a prevention inhaler (like a steroid inhaler) when you get a cold even if you aren't having asthma symptoms yet. Your plan will specify when symptoms warrant a call to your doctor. |
48336215f5c0dab5796e3bf82ccea431 | Should I get regular checkups if I have rheumatoid arthritis? | Even when you're on the upswing, it's important for you to have regular doctor visits and take your meds the way you have been. After all, they're working. You should see your doctor at least once a year to check on your RA. Keep up with your lab appointments, too. You need regular blood tests to see how you're doing and spot possible side effects of your treatment. |
cb58a4824fa3b802f5f9487b8d095653 | How can you lose weight to help with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | Keep an eye on your scale. Extra pounds put stress on your joints. If you're overweight, your joints may get stiffer and more painful, and your flares can be worse. Eat a healthy, lower-calorie diet. Here's how: Fill half your plate with fruits and veggies. When you choose grains, pick whole grains at least half the time. For example, go for brown rice instead of white. Pick low-fat or fat-free versions when you have dairy. Eat healthy proteins like seafood, lean meat and poultry, eggs, beans, and nuts. |
3a2c848490d56f2ab182394d910bc6aa | How can regular checkups help treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | Even when you're on the upswing, it's important for you to have regular doctor visits and take your meds the way you have been. After all, they're working. You should see your doctor at least once a year to check on your RA. Keep up with your lab appointments, too. You need regular blood tests to see how you're doing and spot possible side effects of your treatment. |
44256e28ec033a5af7d980fab1ce1ea8 | How can you stay active to help with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | With your doctor's OK, get 20 to 30 minutes of aerobic exercise -- the kind that gets your heart pumping -- on as many days of the week as you can. Avoid anything that puts a lot of stress on your joints, like running. Some good activities to try are: Walking Water aerobics Swimming Bicycling Do some strength training a couple of times each week to build up the muscles that support your joints. Stretch to make your body more flexible, too. |
db9ba14884946b98614edd8c4c1ded3d | Should I lose weight if I have rheumatoid arthritis? | Extra pounds put stress on your joints. If you're overweight, your joints may get stiffer and more painful, and your flares can be worse. |
ab13d1c5e7e2e1c026c4206cb2ef6667 | Do I need to stay active and fit with my rheumatoid arthritis? | With your doctor's OK, get 20 to 30 minutes of aerobic exercise -- the kind that gets your heart pumping -- on as many days of the week as you can. Avoid anything that puts a lot of stress on your joints, like running. Some good activities to try are: Walking Water aerobics Swimming Bicycling Do some strength training a couple of times each week to build up the muscles that support your joints. Stretch to make your body more flexible, too. However, be careful not to overdo it. |
60ac432b7c16c29592ca507e3247d856 | Should I worry about flare-ups of rheumatoid arthritis? | When you have rheumatoid arthritis ( RA), make sure you celebrate your good days. Don't worry about possible flares down the road. Move ahead with the things that keep you healthy. |
c43364848073fd6f24104b2dc765ca33 | What foods should I eat if I have rheumatoid arthritis? | You need regular blood tests to see how you're doing and spot possible side effects of your treatment. You'll find it in: Leafy vegetables Beans Whole grains You can also take it as a supplement. Make sure you get enough calcium and vitamin D, too. Load up on omega-3 fatty acids, which are in things like salmon and tuna. These good fats can help your body fight inflammation. Choose fish twice a week, or take a fish oil supplement. |
97e9e911f882b9aad955f7a0689ef273 | How can nickel cause skin allergies? | It's used to make everything from jewelry to belts to eyeglass frames to paper clips -- and it's the leading cause of skin allergies. You're most likely to be at risk for a reaction if you're a hair stylist, retail clerk, caterer, house cleaner, or you work with metal. If you're allergic to nickel in something you eat, you'll get bumps on the sides of your fingers, called dyshidrotic hand eczema or pompholyx. There's no treatment for a nickel allergy, so you'll have to stop wearing or using anything with it. You could try painting a coat of nail polish on jewelry, which puts a barrier between the metal and your skin. |
2efd87e03a1ec5f858fac6f050df880f | How can poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac cause skin allergies? | When parts of the leaves of these plants are damaged or bruised, they release an oil called urushiol. And if that gets on your skin, it causes an itchy red rash with bumps or blisters. You can treat the rash with wet compresses, calamine lotion, oatmeal baths, or hydrocortisone cream. But see a doctor right away if your reaction is severe or if you breathed in the oil, perhaps from burning plants. |
1ae8acede8bff6f618fa05505a730656 | What do you need to know about skin allergies? | Your allergist has the final call, but it's possible you've got a skin allergy. A bunch of things can cause an allergic reaction when you brush up against them. Whether your allergy trigger is a plant like poison ivy or a chemical in your makeup, your best defense is to keep your distance. If you're allergic to nickel in something you eat, you'll get bumps on the sides of your fingers, called dyshidrotic hand eczema or pompholyx. |
a764e3bff9c1a60846106521c64ddbdd | How can clothing cause skin allergies? | The sap from rubber trees is mixed with a chemical and used to make products like: Rubber gloves Condoms Erasers Elastic waistbands and bras Balloons Your allergy might be mild, like a rash on your hands when you take off gloves, or it could be life-threatening. A rash on your trunk after you wear a shirt, or on your feet when you wear certain shoes or socks, could be from an allergy. You may also need to switch to cotton or organic cotton blends. you may want to avoid wool or mohair. |
cf1b417ab387d6448cd219d4e00cb890 | How can medications cause skin allergies? | A severe reaction, called anaphylaxis, might quickly spread throughout your body and make it hard to breathe. Look for these drugs on labels for products that treat cuts, scrapes, burns, itching, insect bites and stings, cold sores, toothaches, and earaches, as well as cough drops: Bacitracin Benzocaine Hydrocortisone Neomycin You may get a rash or hives if you've used certain products or combinations of them on your skin, and then go outside in the sun or use a tanning bed. |
916eee339bae76b2887b21889b4ab57e | How can brown rice help with losing pregnancy weight for new moms? | You might be tempted to cut back on carbs to help lose the baby weight. Don't. Losing weight too quickly may cause you to make less milk and leave you feeling sluggish. Mix healthy, whole-grain carbs like brown rice into your diet to keep your energy levels up. Foods like brown rice provide your body the calories it needs to make the best-quality milk for your baby. |
8f06142efa2d0064c8b2919244f3d798 | How can blueberries help with losing pregnancy weight for new moms? | Breastfeeding moms should be sure to get two or more servings of fruit or juice each day. Blueberries are an excellent choice to help you meet your needs. These satisfying and yummy berries are filled with good-for-you vitamins and minerals, and they give you a healthy dose of carbohydrates to keep your energy levels high. |
757fbeeed74572fe69d62ce92a0ce599 | How can eggs help with losing pregnancy weight for new moms? | Eggs are a versatile way to meet your daily protein needs. Scramble a couple of eggs for breakfast, toss a hard-boiled egg or two on your lunchtime salad, or have an omelet and salad for dinner. Opt for DHA-fortified eggs to boost the level of this essential fatty acid in your milk. |
b208c7400cb8279630b7e2d1bf9c357f | How can legumes help with losing pregnancy weight for new moms? | Iron-rich beans, particularly dark-colored ones like black beans and kidney beans, are a great breastfeeding food, especially for vegetarians. They're a budget-friendly source of high quality, non-animal protein. |
793072d5f2f3b89b5e5d50bebef373d8 | What are some warnings about eating salmon for losing pregnancy weight for new moms? | One caution: The FDA recommends that breastfeeding women, women who are pregnant, and women who might get pregnant limit how much salmon they eat. The guidelines recommend an average of 12 ounces, or the equivalent of two main servings, per week. The reason is to limit the amount mercury your new child is exposed to. The mercury level in salmon is considered low. Some other fish, such as swordfish or mackerel, have a high amount of mercury and should be avoided altogether. The 12 ounces are an average. Eating more in 1 week -- such as having three servings instead of two -- won't hurt as long as you eat less the following week. |
691a9792ac99f678aedafbb3f6eb81de | How can lean beef help with losing pregnancy weight for new moms? | Boost your energy as a new mom with iron-rich foods like lean beef. A lack of iron can drain your energy levels, making it hard for you to keep up with the demands of a newborn baby. Nursing moms need to eat extra protein and vitamin B-12. Lean beef is an excellent source for both. |
977c5d38cc00e241a73f9d3dd93809f5 | How can leafy greens help with losing pregnancy weight for new moms? | Leafy green veggies like spinach, Swiss chard, and broccoli are filled with vitamin A, which is good for you and your baby. The benefits don't stop there. They're a good non-dairy source of calcium and contain vitamin C and iron. Green veggies are also filled with heart-healthy antioxidants and are low in calories. |
599b4b356dfa0ca31ed1087195e2806e | How can whole-wheat bread help with losing pregnancy weight for new moms? | DHA is crucial to the development of your baby's nervous system. Folic acid is an important nutrient in your breast milk that your baby needs for good health, and it's crucial you eat enough for your own well-being, too. Enriched whole-grain breads and pastas are fortified with it, and also give you a healthy dose of fiber and iron. |
af881dcbece0df99e31972f9e286d69b | How can oranges help with losing pregnancy weight for new moms? | Iron-rich beans, particularly dark-colored ones like black beans and kidney beans, are a great breastfeeding food, especially for vegetarians. Oranges and other citrus fruits are excellent breastfeeding foods, since nursing moms need more vitamin C than pregnant women. |
9e2d6db92819c0258e471810f86adadf | How can drinking water help with losing pregnancy weight for new moms? | Iron-rich beans, particularly dark-colored ones like black beans and kidney beans, are a great breastfeeding food, especially for vegetarians. Mix healthy, whole-grain carbs like brown rice into your diet to keep your energy levels up. You can vary your options and meet some of your fluid requirements by drinking juice and milk. But be careful when it comes to caffeinated drinks like coffee or tea. Have no more than 2-3 cups a day, or switch to decaf. Caffeine enters your breast milk and can cause your baby to become irritable and sleep poorly. |
3c9d20125995079c3be1feb1dfe9bbeb | What can help with losing pregnancy weight for new moms? | If you're breastfeeding, your milk is loaded with calcium to help your baby's bones develop, so it's important for you to eat enough calcium to meet your own needs. Boost your energy as a new mom with iron-rich foods like lean beef. Lean beef is an excellent source for both. Foods like brown rice provide your body the calories it needs to make the best-quality milk for your baby. To keep your energy levels and milk production up, make sure you stay well-hydrated. |
80647a51514e30e4d43841a46a542444 | How can whole-grain cereal help with losing pregnancy weight for new moms? | Milk delivers a boost of bone-strengthening vitamin D. In addition to providing protein and B vitamins, dairy products are one of the best sources of calcium. Many cold cereals are fortified with essential vitamins and nutrients to help you meet your daily needs. Whip up a healthy, hot breakfast by stirring blueberries and skim milk into a delicious serving of oatmeal. |
23dc226d0cec4fab3aaf8a729b00b189 | What do the test results from the CD4 let the doctor know? | Your test results help your doctor know how much damage has been done to your immune system and what's likely to happen next if antiretroviral treatment ( ART) is not initiated. All persons with HIV should be started on ART regardless of whether the CD4 count is high or low. The CD4 count should increase in response to effective ART. |
f9069b042eb273ef2cd008fa4428b5e9 | What medication can be taken to help low CD4 counts? | Persons with very low CD4 counts may need to take drugs to prevent specific opportunistic infections ( OIs) in addition to taking their ART. Once the CD4 count increases in response to ART, it may be possible to stop taking these OI medications. |
2c66792a5625fd62e5d41458e7e365e0 | What else can affect your CD4 count? | Things other than the HIV virus can influence how high or low your CD4 count is, too. An infection like the flu, pneumonia, or a herpes simplex virus (including cold sores) can make your CD4 count go down for a while. Your CD4 count will go way down when you're having chemotherapy for cancer. To get the most accurate and helpful results for your CD4 count, try to: Use the same lab each time. Wait for at least a couple of weeks after you've been sick or gotten a shot before you get a test. |
55ddc0c9fdd989d0567557f880fb8c3d | When should you get a CD4 count test? | Right after you're diagnosed, you should get a CD4 count for a "baseline measurement." That gives your doctor something to compare future test results to. It may also indicate the need for drugs to prevent specific OIs in addition to the drugs you are taking for HIV. A viral load test 2 to 8 weeks after you start or change treatment helps your doctor decide how well the ART is working. A CD4 test will indicate whether the immune system is improving in response to ART. Then you should typically get a CD4 test every 3 to 6 months, or as often as your doctor recommends, to see how well your immune system is doing. Persons with low CD4 counts who are taking drugs to prevent specific OIs in addition to their ART may be able to stop these OI drugs as their immune system responds to ART. Persons with CD4 counts above 500 who maintain viral suppression may not need further CD4 testing. |
110b395e5244145ae8f5f26ef06a1ab0 | How do you treat viral meningitis? | Antibiotics can't treat viral meningitis and, in most cases, the infection goes away on its own with time. Viral meningitis is usually much less severe than other types. Your teen may need only a few days in the hospital. When he's there, he'll get fluids through an IV to prevent dehydration, as well as painkillers. |
6924e0981ba61bf4f6b41aaf03bface6 | How do you treat bacterial meningitis? | If the spinal fluid tests show your teen has bacterial meningitis, he'll need to keep up with the antibiotics until the infection goes away, possibly for as long as 2 weeks. Because bacterial meningitis can spread easily to others, he'll probably stay in an isolated room for at least 48 hours. Meningitis can make the eyes sensitive to light, so your teen may prefer a darkened room. He'll get plenty of liquids and drugs to relieve headache and fever. To keep him from getting reinfected, doctors will look for a source of the infection, such as an infected sinus. |
28388f8ca508a137dd58e010e0449c37 | How do you treat fungal meningitis? | Viral meningitis is usually much less severe than other types. If your teen has fungal meningitis, he'll get antifungal medications in the hospital that can fight this rare type of infection. He'll also need to get liquids to prevent dehydration and drugs to control pain and fever. |
3c425b68fd19fec508a0929e2e166782 | How do you test for meningitis? | It's a key way to get a diagnosis. Your teen's doctor may also need to get samples of his blood or urine. The bacterial form of meningitis can be life-threatening and needs to be treated quickly. Your teen will likely stay in a hospital to get antibiotics put into his veins through an IV until the doctor gets the results of a spinal tap. |
561a511c8bd00c0d98de1980fe3f91a0 | When should I call the doctor for my child's eye problem? | An object such as a piece of glass or metal or a pencil stuck in an eye (if your ophthalmologist is not in the office) Uneven pupils (if there's been a closed-head injury) Problems seeing after an eye injury Been in contact with chemicals, especially alkali such as drain cleaner Is younger than age 1 Has been hit in the eye with an object Has an irritated or red eye Has continuous tearing Has an eye that's extremely sensitive to light Keeps blinking Has a painful, swollen, or red area close to the eyelid or eye Has a cut on the eyeball (a cut on the eyelid is less medically urgent) May need stitches Simply flushing the eye with water often helps when your child has something in her eye. |
aa253344114681ee6a08c841c24b85a2 | When should I call 911 for my child's eye problem? | An object such as a piece of glass or metal or a pencil stuck in an eye (if your ophthalmologist is not in the office) Uneven pupils (if there's been a closed-head injury) Problems seeing after an eye injury Been in contact with chemicals, especially alkali such as drain cleaner Is younger than age 1 Has been hit in the eye with an object Has an irritated or red eye Has continuous tearing Has an eye that's extremely sensitive to light Keeps blinking Has a painful, swollen, or red area close to the eyelid or eye Has a cut on the eyeball (a cut on the eyelid is less medically urgent) May need stitches Simply flushing the eye with water often helps when your child has something in her eye. |
512b4d49604da3bf5d942263f9c468a4 | How can parents treat a minor cut or scratch around the eye? | Hold gauze on the wound for 10 minutes. Cover the eye with a cloth for protection, and wash the area with clean water for a few minutes. Ask your pediatrician whether you should use antibiotic ointment if the wound is close to the eye or eyelid. Put a bandage on the wound. Change the bandage every day. Give child-formula acetaminophen ( Tylenol) or ibuprofen ( Advil, Motrin) for pain, if needed. Do not give aspirin to a child under 16 years of age. |
153b87fd339e9c7e1a409002d73dd81c | When should parents call the doctor after an eye injury ? | An object such as a piece of glass or metal or a pencil stuck in an eye (if your ophthalmologist is not in the office) Uneven pupils (if there's been a closed-head injury) Problems seeing after an eye injury Been in contact with chemicals, especially alkali such as drain cleaner Is younger than age 1 Has been hit in the eye with an object Has an irritated or red eye Has continuous tearing Has an eye that's extremely sensitive to light Keeps blinking Has a painful, swollen, or red area close to the eyelid or eye Has a cut on the eyeball (a cut on the eyelid is less medically urgent) May need stitches Simply flushing the eye with water often helps when your child has something in her eye. But serious eye injuries need immediate medical care. |
3d1436d2cc3ba8142a1c6b75d22dae96 | Where should I go if my child has an eye injury? | An object such as a piece of glass or metal or a pencil stuck in an eye (if your ophthalmologist is not in the office) Uneven pupils (if there's been a closed-head injury) Problems seeing after an eye injury Been in contact with chemicals, especially alkali such as drain cleaner Is younger than age 1 Has been hit in the eye with an object Has an irritated or red eye Has continuous tearing Has an eye that's extremely sensitive to light Keeps blinking Has a painful, swollen, or red area close to the eyelid or eye Has a cut on the eyeball (a cut on the eyelid is less medically urgent) May need stitches Simply flushing the eye with water often helps when your child has something in her eye. |
868a5e295fa2a43e334c1147d6b252f8 | How do I treat a minor cut or scratch around my child's eye? | Hold gauze on the wound for 10 minutes. Cover the eye with a cloth for protection, and wash the area with clean water for a few minutes. Ask your pediatrician whether you should use antibiotic ointment if the wound is close to the eye or eyelid. Give child-formula acetaminophen ( Tylenol) or ibuprofen ( Advil, Motrin) for pain, if needed. Do not give aspirin to a child who is under age 16. |
138bcd6fe4124c7cfbeb9ca9deb61fd7 | What should I do if an object is stuck in my child's eye? | Tape a paper cup over the eye. Do not try to remove the object. Ask your pediatrician whether you should use antibiotic ointment if the wound is close to the eye or eyelid. |
9f769020b82ed6deff36c958236bb15e | What should I do if my child's eye has been exposed to chemicals? | Hold the child's head over a sink, facing down and to the side, and hold the eye open. If you suspect broken bones, damage to the eye, or a head injury, take the child to the emergency room. Keep the child from rubbing the affected eye. If outside, use whatever water is closest -- water fountain, garden hose. Pour water over the eye for 15 to 20 minutes. If the chemical is in both eyes, rinse them in the shower. |
6b69d50bbee3cd5f1b746f085127a6e5 | How should I treat my child's bruised or swollen eye? | But serious eye injuries need immediate medical care. If you suspect broken bones, damage to the eye, or a head injury, take the child to the emergency room. If the black eye was caused by something hitting the eye, call your pediatrician. Put an ice pack on the area for 20 minutes each hour to lessen swelling. Repeat for four hours. Don't press on the eye. After 2 days, switch to a warm cloth on the area for 10 minutes, three times daily. Give child-formula acetaminophen ( Tylenol) or ibuprofen ( Advil) for pain, if needed. Do not give aspirin to a child who is under age 16. |
31fde432ee8392c3b34d61c264d35583 | How should I treat my child's minor eye irritation? | Wash your hands. Keep the child from rubbing the eye. Hold the child's head over a sink, facing down and to the side, and hold the eye open. Gently pour water over the eye for five minutes and see whether the object is out. Repeat up to two more times if the object does not come out of the eye. If the object is still in the eye, put a light bandage over it and take the child to the emergency room. Cover the eye with a cloth for protection, and wash the area with clean water for a few minutes. |
2e2d8fcc40524794fad5758fcfb06a5d | How does a parent treat chemical exposure? | If you suspect broken bones, damage to the eye, or a head injury, take the child to the emergency room. Wash your hands. Keep the child from rubbing the affected eye. Hold the child's head over a sink, facing down and to the side, and hold the eye open. If outside, use whatever water is closest -- water fountain, garden hose. Pour water over the eye for 15 to 20 minutes. If the chemical is in both eyes, rinse them in the shower. |
73b46a15c46c815aa14c6f8513e7afd7 | Is there a cure for asthma? | In fact, it's highly advisable to avoid any treatment or product -- natural or otherwise -- that claims to be a "cure" for asthma. Even though there's no natural cure for asthma, your symptoms can be treated and controlled with several asthma medications. |
66d1f58c7d1e9b9e0db3dc21e8283cb9 | What are the benefits of dental bridges? | Bridges can: Restore your smile Restore the ability to properly chew and speak Maintain the shape of your face Distribute the forces in your bite properly by replacing missing teeth Prevent remaining teeth from drifting out of position There are three main types of dental bridges: Traditional bridges involve creating a crown for the tooth or implant on either side of the missing tooth, with a pontic in between. Traditional bridges are the most common type of bridge and are made of either porcelain fused to metal or ceramics. Cantilever bridges are used when there are adjacent teeth on only one side of the missing tooth or teeth. |
3ced1e011bf6e2d0f11ff352180a27f7 | Will it be difficult to eat with a dental bridge? | Until you become accustomed to the bridge, eat soft foods that have been cut into small pieces. |
1dea6e46bdc6e119de02161097d08f7b | How long do dental bridges last? | Dental bridges can last five to 15 years and even longer. |
15444d36e25197c05985cf665477753e | What are dental bridges? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Dental bridges literally bridge the gap created by one or more missing teeth. A bridge is made up of two or more crowns for the teeth on either side of the gap -- these two or more anchoring teeth are called abutment teeth -- and a false tooth/teeth in between. These false teeth are called pontics and can be made from gold, alloys, porcelain, or a combination of these materials. Dental bridges are supported by natural teeth or implants. |
50c73057ae062cd762d4c6bc7d006739 | What are the three main types of dental bridges? | A bridge is made up of two or more crowns for the teeth on either side of the gap -- these two or more anchoring teeth are called abutment teeth -- and a false tooth/teeth in between. Traditional bridges are the most common type of bridge and are made of either porcelain fused to metal or ceramics. Cantilever bridges are used when there are adjacent teeth on only one side of the missing tooth or teeth. This is not very common any more and is not recommended in the back of the mouth where it can put too much force on other teeth and damage them. Maryland bonded bridges (also called a resin-bonded bridge or a Maryland bridge) are made of porcelain, porcelain fused to metal, or plastic teeth and gums supported by a metal or porcelain framework. Metal or porcelain wings often on just one side of the bridge are bonded to your existing teeth. |
90e338db9655dd68aa645fbdacdb03c0 | Will the dental bridge change how I speak? | Cantilever bridges are used when there are adjacent teeth on only one side of the missing tooth or teeth. Wearing a dental bridge with the anterior teeth in their proper relationship will help you speak properly. |
29c4c2b4d9b1f67bba5f3094c9a9f498 | What are the side effects of antidepressants like l-methylfolate (Deplin)? | Referred to as a medical food, l-methylfolate is a prescription strength form of folate. Folate is also known as vitamin B9 and is one of the essential B vitamins. It helps regulate all three of the brain's monoamine neurotransmitters associated with moods. Side effects include hives, swelling, nausea and bloating. |
8b62addcbd63bcc9720c7f7212e6995e | What are the most effective antidepressants and what are its side effects? | MAOIs such as isocarboxazid ( Marplan), phenelzine ( Nardil), selegiline ( EMSAM), and tranylcypromine ( Parnate), are among the most effective of all known antidepressants. But they can cause serious interactions with some foods -- like aged meats and cheeses, fermented products like soy sauce, and broad flat beans -- as well as other medicines. For instance, they can be hazardous when combined with medicines such as pseudoephedrine ( Sudafed) that can raise blood pressure, and the interactions can lead to such effects as high blood pressure that is potentially fatal. They can also be dangerous with most other antidepressants, which can then raise levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin excessively. |
82da7297b3e1f06de10b2d03dd832041 | How can you deal with minor side effects of antidepressant medication? | Here are some tips for dealing with minor side effects of antidepressant medication. If your medicine upsets your stomach, ask your doctor if you should take it with a meal or if the risk may be less with a brand rather than a generic form of a drug. If your depression medicine makes you sleepy during the day or keeps you awake at night, ask your doctor what time of day you should take it. By taking your medicine first thing in the morning or right before bed, you might diminish some of the unwanted effects. Don't take depression medicine with alcohol. |
6258d4b271da877a1851488f9b40f187 | Why is it important to talk to your doctor about the side effects of antidepressants? | In fact, side effects are one of the main reasons that people with depression stop taking their medicine during their recovery. If your medicine upsets your stomach, ask your doctor if you should take it with a meal or if the risk may be less with a brand rather than a generic form of a drug. Don't stop taking your medication on your own if you don't like the side effects. Stopping your medicine suddenly can make your symptoms get worse and cause a relapse of your depression. If your doctor doesn't take your side effects seriously at first, be more clear about needing a plan to address them. Whatever you do, don't ignore side effects. Work with your doctor to resolve them so you have a better chance of recovery from your depression. |
58814633e653c9270db7a8a91b5c00cc | How can side effects of antidepressants affect your treatment for depression? | In fact, side effects are one of the main reasons that people with depression stop taking their medicine during their recovery. Yet it's important to keep in mind that antidepressants can help you recover. The American Psychiatric Association recommends that people keep taking their medicine at least for four to five months after they recover from a first depressive episode -- in order to reduce the risk of relapse. And for people who have had multiple previous episodes, the recommendation is often longer (or sometimes even to continue indefinitely). It helps regulate all three of the brain's monoamine neurotransmitters associated with moods. |
f38b73074182d30c8076e4b4b53faa83 | What can you do about the side effects of antidepressants? | Like any medication, antidepressants can cause side effects. You and your doctor should work together to figure out the right balance. Keep in mind that many side effects might be worse when you first start a medicine or when you increase the dose. They may get better as your body adjusts. So if your side effects are mild, your doctor may want you to stick with your depression medicine to see if the side effects go away on their own. |
053d288afd7dad653cf1c27a48b1f589 | What is opioid constipation? | Constipation, or trouble pooping, is the most common side effect of the pain meds called opioids. Most people who take them will need to also take specific medications to get more regular bowel movements. |
9e42fd7e34f56b112ce5c87974218b58 | How can other medications cause constipation? | Check your other medications. Opioids aren't the only drugs that can cause constipation. Antihistamines, some antidepressants, some medicines for heart disease, and chemotherapy drugs can have the same effect. Check with your doctor to see if any other medications you're taking may be adding to the problem. |
db5cf5b740142cd335ef1a2700801c5e | How can fiber help improve opioid constipation? | It can help keep your bowels regular. One kind of fiber, the "soluble" type, is especially helpful for opioid constipation. You can get it in foods that get soft when you add water to them, like oatmeal, barley, and flax. You can also get fiber from fruits (especially prunes and even warm prune juice), vegetables, whole grains, seeds, and nuts. Don't use fiber products that have psyllium. They can make opioid constipation worse. |
465b8fc2b369599521ac628762cda3e7 | How can being active help with opioid constipation? | No matter the cause of constipation, physical activity will get your bowels moving. Even a little bit of gentle movement can help. Try 10 minutes of walking, some light stretches, or doing chores around the house. Talk with your doctor about what kind of activity might work for you. |
7ac2ba466ecfacd61d6c7e4e882b251d | What kind of routine can help with opioid constipation? | Try to go to the bathroom at the same time every day. For many people it's in the morning after breakfast. And make sure you have a place to go that feels private. If you feel like going, don't wait. That can make constipation worse. |
45bf2390f47a34fb038eef41f60d38c5 | How does drinking more water help prevent constipation as a side effect from opioids? | Dehydration is one reason many people get constipated, and opioids can make it worse. Plus, it can be tough to get the amount of fluids your body needs when you're in pain. Try to drink more H2 O throughout the day, even if you sip a little at a time. Hot liquids, like coffee, tea, or broth, can get things moving, too. You can also suck on ice chips, or nosh on foods with a lot of water, like watermelon or berries. |
e55e12ebfb43fd68390adaba83e7befb | How can water help improve opioid constipation? | Dehydration is one reason many people get constipated, and opioids can make it worse. Plus, it can be tough to get the amount of fluids your body needs when you're in pain. Try to drink more H2 O throughout the day, even if you sip a little at a time. Hot liquids, like coffee, tea, or broth, can get things moving, too. You can also suck on ice chips, or nosh on foods with a lot of water, like watermelon or berries. |
37b3c5056ff6ce322ef5ee91e374e2b0 | Which foods are good sources of fiber in preventing opioid constipation? | It can help keep your bowels regular. One kind of fiber, the "soluble" type, is especially helpful for opioid constipation. You can get it in foods that get soft when you add water to them, like oatmeal, barley, and flax. You can also get fiber from fruits (especially prunes and even warm prune juice), vegetables, whole grains, seeds, and nuts. Don't use fiber products that have psyllium. They can make opioid constipation worse. |
1443feae8887bcfb42c6c3ce38268b03 | How can you treat opioid constipation? | Constipation, or trouble pooping, is the most common side effect of the pain meds called opioids. Most people who take them will need to also take specific medications to get more regular bowel movements. But some simple habits you can start at home can make a difference, too. Try these tips to get relief. Drink more water. Check your other medications. |
44233a539a56cf5ea90010dbcdbea411 | When can you leave the hospital after a severe asthma attack? | When the doctors at the hospital decide that you're well enough to go home, they'll make sure that you have: Medicines to keep your asthma under control An asthma action plan that lets you know how to prevent asthma attacks and manage your condition. You should already have one of these, but if you don't, you will when you leave the hospital. |
96914d9ac1340dc4a81f45c9356d1f40 | What is included in your treatment for severe asthma at the hospital? | Your treatment in the hospital may include continuous use of an asthma nebulizer, and also supplemental oxygen and steroid medicine to stop the attack. The doctor may also give you a dose of magnesium sulfate, which you'd get by IV, to help the muscles around your airways relax. These aren't medicines that would be a normal part of asthma care -- doctors just use them for emergencies. |
964b068144480aaf3d199196f48b1bcf | When should you call 911 for severe asthma? | That's often possible when you avoid your triggers, take your medicine, and follow the asthma action plan that you made with your doctor. Don't drive yourself to the hospital. It's not safe. |
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