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aa495a7c5a681a12c3a70af1c5ad0ca0 | What does stage IV lung cancer mean? | Knowing this helps your doctor plan your treatment options. The higher the stage number, the more the widespread your cancer is. Stage IV is the most advanced form. It means the disease has spread to distant parts of your body, such as your liver or brain. This type is very hard to cure. More than half of the people who have lung cancer don't find out until the disease is in later stages. So if you have symptoms, see a doctor. This depends on how far your cancer has spread. |
cc1db6a81ad74d12e3980c9256604909 | What are treatments for ingrown nails? | Unless the ingrowing piece of nail is removed, the problem will often persist. Permanent removal of the nail root at the ingrown side may be advised if ingrown nails recur. These procedures are done in the doctor's office or surgery center under a local anesthetic. Sometimes an ingrown nail is caused by a fungus. A doctor can determine if you have a fungus and then offer treatment options. |
eb58be98fa024f2631b4310eaa76043e | How can ingrown nails be avoided? | Most ingrown nail problems can be prevented with proper grooming of the toes and by wearing better-fitting shoes. Try to reduce pressure on the toe by wearing sandals or by not wearing a shoe for several days. Avoid trimming the corner of the toenail unless you can easily see and clip the corner of the nail. Otherwise, this can lead to a worsening of the ingrown toenail. |
178441b0247537a44586ef7fc43fdb4d | How should you treat and prevent symptoms of a rash on a child? | Trim your child's fingernails to help prevent scratching. Put soft gloves on your child at night to avoid scratching. |
c2db48eaa958c50f06307ae3fff760ee | When should you call a doctor about a rash on a child? | Your child: Is younger than 6 months Has a fever along with a rash Has a rash that oozes or appears red, swollen, or wet, which could be an infection Has a rash that goes past the diaper area Has a rash that is more serious in skin creases Has a rash that doesn't get better after 2 days Has a rash that peels, especially one on the palms or soles Has flat, small red spots on the skin that don't fade if you press them Looks unwell or is not feeding well Has hives Has bruises not due to an injury Try to figure out whether the rash is due to coming into contact with a common irritant such as poison ivy, chemicals, soaps, nickel jewelry, or a pet. |
762d7a41ab1d19dd8e15f6bd77324fb9 | How should you clean the skin around a child's rash? | Wash the rash with mild soap but don't scrub. Rinse with warm water. Pat the skin dry, rather than rubbing it. Don't cover the rash. |
b06f536f3a01d5c80940871f9ec69219 | What other proof must I provide for disability for fibromyalgia? | Describing your fibromyalgia symptoms alone will not qualify you for Social Security disability. You have to be specific about signs and physical findings related to fibromyalgia and pain and how that impacts your ability to work. The Social Security staff will consider all your symptoms, including pain. All of this information considered together must lead to a conclusion that you are disabled before you will be granted disability with benefits. If more detailed information is needed, you may have to be examined by a doctor approved by the Social Security Administration. |
a4b9a8d711f30dd1ffd23199077ee706 | What should I do if I'm not approved for disability for fibromyalgia? | If you are not approved, you'll have the right to appeal before a judge who specializes in these cases. Some patients with fibromyalgia find it necessary to have the help of an attorney during the appeal process. Although it may increase your costs, the chance your case will be approved is usually better if you have legal counsel. |
f528d79d56d4fab72ddc2f50c9f92136 | How should employers address migraine headaches due to fibromyalgia? | To address concentration issues, employers should consider: Providing written job instructions when possible Prioritizing job assignments and providing more structure Allowing flexible work hours and allowing a self-paced workload Allowing periodic rest periods to reorient Providing memory aids, such as schedulers or organizers Minimizing distractions Reducing job stress To address depression and anxiety, employers should consider: Reducing distractions in the work environment Providing to-do lists and written instructions Reminding the employee of important deadlines and meetings Allowing time off for counseling Providing clear expectations of responsibilities and consequences Providing sensitivity training to coworkers Allowing breaks to use stress management techniques Developing strategies to deal with work problems before they arise Allowing telephone calls during work hours to doctors and others for support Providing information on counseling and employee assistance programs To address fatigue and weakness, employers should consider: Reducing or eliminating physical exertion and workplace stress Scheduling periodic rest breaks away from the workstation Allowing a flexible work schedule and flexible use of leave time Allowing the employee to work from home Implementing ergonomic workstation design To address migraine headaches, employers should consider: Providing task lighting Eliminating fluorescent lighting Providing air purification devices Allowing flexible work hours and work from home Allowing periodic rest breaks To address issues associated with sleep problems, employers should consider: Allowing flexible work hours and frequent breaks Allowing the employee to work from home The Americans with Disabilities Act ( ADA) does not contain a list of medical conditions that constitute disabilities. |
2af437d400465408104ea3a4fbf3b0a7 | Are there workplace modification guidelines for people with fibromyalgia? | People with fibromyalgia can use the following lists when talking with their employer about making modifications. The lists come from the U. S. Department of Labor's Job Accommodation Network. They contain recommendations for accommodations employers should be willing to consider for employees with fibromyalgia. |
1cd21183088baf45692c3ccbc3ace98f | How should employers address fatigue and weakness due to fibromyalgia? | To address concentration issues, employers should consider: Providing written job instructions when possible Prioritizing job assignments and providing more structure Allowing flexible work hours and allowing a self-paced workload Allowing periodic rest periods to reorient Providing memory aids, such as schedulers or organizers Minimizing distractions Reducing job stress To address depression and anxiety, employers should consider: Reducing distractions in the work environment Providing to-do lists and written instructions Reminding the employee of important deadlines and meetings Allowing time off for counseling Providing clear expectations of responsibilities and consequences Providing sensitivity training to coworkers Allowing breaks to use stress management techniques Developing strategies to deal with work problems before they arise Allowing telephone calls during work hours to doctors and others for support Providing information on counseling and employee assistance programs To address fatigue and weakness, employers should consider: Reducing or eliminating physical exertion and workplace stress Scheduling periodic rest breaks away from the workstation Allowing a flexible work schedule and flexible use of leave time Allowing the employee to work from home Implementing ergonomic workstation design To address migraine headaches, employers should consider: Providing task lighting Eliminating fluorescent lighting Providing air purification devices Allowing flexible work hours and work from home Allowing periodic rest breaks To address issues associated with sleep problems, employers should consider: Allowing flexible work hours and frequent breaks Allowing the employee to work from home The Americans with Disabilities Act ( ADA) does not contain a list of medical conditions that constitute disabilities. |
03f29cac0f64726ada653ee378ebda15 | How should employers address sleep problems due to fibromyalgia? | To address concentration issues, employers should consider: Providing written job instructions when possible Prioritizing job assignments and providing more structure Allowing flexible work hours and allowing a self-paced workload Allowing periodic rest periods to reorient Providing memory aids, such as schedulers or organizers Minimizing distractions Reducing job stress To address depression and anxiety, employers should consider: Reducing distractions in the work environment Providing to-do lists and written instructions Reminding the employee of important deadlines and meetings Allowing time off for counseling Providing clear expectations of responsibilities and consequences Providing sensitivity training to coworkers Allowing breaks to use stress management techniques Developing strategies to deal with work problems before they arise Allowing telephone calls during work hours to doctors and others for support Providing information on counseling and employee assistance programs To address fatigue and weakness, employers should consider: Reducing or eliminating physical exertion and workplace stress Scheduling periodic rest breaks away from the workstation Allowing a flexible work schedule and flexible use of leave time Allowing the employee to work from home Implementing ergonomic workstation design To address migraine headaches, employers should consider: Providing task lighting Eliminating fluorescent lighting Providing air purification devices Allowing flexible work hours and work from home Allowing periodic rest breaks To address issues associated with sleep problems, employers should consider: Allowing flexible work hours and frequent breaks Allowing the employee to work from home The Americans with Disabilities Act ( ADA) does not contain a list of medical conditions that constitute disabilities. |
4fbd0ed6312f07577be64f46c06bd7aa | Can people with fibromyalgia work? | By self-managing fibromyalgia pain and controlling daily stress, most people with fibromyalgia can do almost anything they choose. Unless you have physical pain that's directly work-related, you should be able to make simple modifications to your workplace that allow you to continue working. |
9e2def193d252b2a66f7d30621d6eef3 | How should employers address concentration issues due to fibromyalgia? | To address concentration issues, employers should consider: Providing written job instructions when possible Prioritizing job assignments and providing more structure Allowing flexible work hours and allowing a self-paced workload Allowing periodic rest periods to reorient Providing memory aids, such as schedulers or organizers Minimizing distractions Reducing job stress To address depression and anxiety, employers should consider: Reducing distractions in the work environment Providing to-do lists and written instructions Reminding the employee of important deadlines and meetings Allowing time off for counseling Providing clear expectations of responsibilities and consequences Providing sensitivity training to coworkers Allowing breaks to use stress management techniques Developing strategies to deal with work problems before they arise Allowing telephone calls during work hours to doctors and others for support Providing information on counseling and employee assistance programs To address fatigue and weakness, employers should consider: Reducing or eliminating physical exertion and workplace stress Scheduling periodic rest breaks away from the workstation Allowing a flexible work schedule and flexible use of leave time Allowing the employee to work from home Implementing ergonomic workstation design To address migraine headaches, employers should consider: Providing task lighting Eliminating fluorescent lighting Providing air purification devices Allowing flexible work hours and work from home Allowing periodic rest breaks To address issues associated with sleep problems, employers should consider: Allowing flexible work hours and frequent breaks Allowing the employee to work from home The Americans with Disabilities Act ( ADA) does not contain a list of medical conditions that constitute disabilities. |
7c89813afeb939f8e51543b66f83f672 | What type of workplace changes can help someone with fibromyalgia? | Talk about the symptoms of pain, fatigue, and stiffness. Explain how you may have good days and bad days. Explaining fibromyalgia will give people at work a better idea of what you are feeling each day. Ask your boss if you can take rest periods on bad days. Or ask if you can take work home if you are feeling fatigued. Ask if you can come in on Saturday if you miss a day of work to make up the lost time and income. In addition, ask if you can put a cot in your office for a brief nap at lunchtime. Taking a midday nap helps many people with fibromyalgia and other chronic health conditions function on the job. |
3bdbd1962cb08d0105785c9d20b2fb08 | How should employers address depression and anxiety due to fibromyalgia? | To address concentration issues, employers should consider: Providing written job instructions when possible Prioritizing job assignments and providing more structure Allowing flexible work hours and allowing a self-paced workload Allowing periodic rest periods to reorient Providing memory aids, such as schedulers or organizers Minimizing distractions Reducing job stress To address depression and anxiety, employers should consider: Reducing distractions in the work environment Providing to-do lists and written instructions Reminding the employee of important deadlines and meetings Allowing time off for counseling Providing clear expectations of responsibilities and consequences Providing sensitivity training to coworkers Allowing breaks to use stress management techniques Developing strategies to deal with work problems before they arise Allowing telephone calls during work hours to doctors and others for support Providing information on counseling and employee assistance programs To address fatigue and weakness, employers should consider: Reducing or eliminating physical exertion and workplace stress Scheduling periodic rest breaks away from the workstation Allowing a flexible work schedule and flexible use of leave time Allowing the employee to work from home Implementing ergonomic workstation design To address migraine headaches, employers should consider: Providing task lighting Eliminating fluorescent lighting Providing air purification devices Allowing flexible work hours and work from home Allowing periodic rest breaks To address issues associated with sleep problems, employers should consider: Allowing flexible work hours and frequent breaks Allowing the employee to work from home The Americans with Disabilities Act ( ADA) does not contain a list of medical conditions that constitute disabilities. |
5b94185d119e90c71c855463ea73aca7 | Can I get disability because of fibromyalgia? | To address concentration issues, employers should consider: Providing written job instructions when possible Prioritizing job assignments and providing more structure Allowing flexible work hours and allowing a self-paced workload Allowing periodic rest periods to reorient Providing memory aids, such as schedulers or organizers Minimizing distractions Reducing job stress To address depression and anxiety, employers should consider: Reducing distractions in the work environment Providing to-do lists and written instructions Reminding the employee of important deadlines and meetings Allowing time off for counseling Providing clear expectations of responsibilities and consequences Providing sensitivity training to coworkers Allowing breaks to use stress management techniques Developing strategies to deal with work problems before they arise Allowing telephone calls during work hours to doctors and others for support Providing information on counseling and employee assistance programs To address fatigue and weakness, employers should consider: Reducing or eliminating physical exertion and workplace stress Scheduling periodic rest breaks away from the workstation Allowing a flexible work schedule and flexible use of leave time Allowing the employee to work from home Implementing ergonomic workstation design To address migraine headaches, employers should consider: Providing task lighting Eliminating fluorescent lighting Providing air purification devices Allowing flexible work hours and work from home Allowing periodic rest breaks To address issues associated with sleep problems, employers should consider: Allowing flexible work hours and frequent breaks Allowing the employee to work from home The Americans with Disabilities Act ( ADA) does not contain a list of medical conditions that constitute disabilities. Instead, the ADA has a general definition of disability that each person must meet. Therefore, some people with fibromyalgia will have a disability under the ADA and others will not. Because fibromyalgia is difficult to diagnose -- typically, health care providers rule out other conditions through a physical exam and various blood tests -- it's important that you do your homework before you apply for disability. According to federal regulations, to qualify for disability you must prove that you have a severe impairment. You also need to prove that the impairment limits your physical or mental ability to do work. The Social Security disability regulations define disability as "the inability to do any substantial gainful activity due to your medical or mental problem." In addition, according to the Social Security Administration, your condition must interfere with basic work-related activities. If it doesn't, your claim won't be considered. Instead, Social Security will find that you are not disabled. The combined effect of having multiple impairments is taken into account. That can be important for many people with fibromyalgia. You must be unable to do your previous work or any other substantial gainful activity. Your age and education are considered, as well as your remaining abilities and your work experience. |
8c6dfa2d9a61fb6bf30290664694a435 | What type of documentation is needed to get disability for fibromyalgia? | If more detailed information is needed, you may have to be examined by a doctor approved by the Social Security Administration. It's important to get detailed documentation -- reports -- from your doctors, including psychologists, at the onset of your illness. Have your doctors submit documentation of all prescribed medications, therapies, and lifestyle remedies necessary to resolve your fibromyalgia symptoms. This doctor will give a detailed assessment of your impairment along with a list of the many tests and treatments used in your condition. For further details on disability and the steps you must take, visit the Social Security website or call the local Social Security office. |
4951849753f4a6ab84e4b2cedf2aebf8 | What should you know about working with fibromyalgia? | Disability may be difficult to get, however, because of rules about work capacity. Talk about the symptoms of pain, fatigue, and stiffness. In addition, ask if you can put a cot in your office for a brief nap at lunchtime. That can be important for many people with fibromyalgia. |
a28b9f381be634bbecc1e2121b62cc6e | How do I apply for disability if I have fibromyalgia? | You will be asked specific questions about how you have trouble with daily activities. And you will need to be as specific as you can, describing your limitations and why you cannot work. You will be asked to give the names and addresses of your doctors. The Social Security office will contact each one for records. If more detailed information is needed, you may have to be examined by a doctor approved by the Social Security Administration. For further details on disability and the steps you must take, visit the Social Security website or call the local Social Security office. |
49e4d73a98f6001b9aa1da2888b719fd | Can a pregnant woman pass genital herpes to her baby? | A pregnant woman can pass genital herpes on to her baby, so it's particularly serious during pregnancy. If you get infected near the end of pregnancy, the risk is highest. At least 30% and as many as 50% of newly infected pregnant women give the virus to their babies. For moms who were infected long before delivery, the risk is much lower. Less than 1% of babies born to mothers with an older genital herpes infection get the virus. |
b9583e830a1854a49e7c97b602d93f9f | How can you reduce the risk of passing genital herpes to your partner? | You can reduce the risk to your partner by having sex only when you have no symptoms. However, the virus can still be contagious without any noticeable symptoms such as sores or a rash on the skin. That's why you should always use a latex condom. A condom does not completely eliminate the risk, because it may not cover an affected area, but it does offer some protection. Taking the antiviral drugs acyclovir ( Zovirax), famciclovir ( Famvir), and valacyclovir ( Valtrex) can make symptoms appear less often and make them less severe. |
b8fa4bc65e21c0c081e6b7b4646df5b9 | What is respiratory distress in children and what are the signs and causes? | Respiratory Distress Respiratory distress refers to difficulty breathing and taking in enough oxygen. Causes may include choking, asthma, an infection, or pneumonia. The signs of respiratory distress are coughing, wheezing, labored breathing (especially flaring of the nose and use of chest and neck muscles to aid breathing), grunting, inability to talk, or turning blue. |
f9f0f99b7cee7dfd97bd8602741992b6 | When are vomiting and/or diarrhea in children an emergency? | Vomiting and/or Diarrhea Vomiting and/or diarrhea can require emergency care if a child becomes dehydrated. If your child can't keep anything down or has severe diarrhea, watch for signs of dehydration such as sunken eyes, dry mucus membranes, and abnormally low amounts of urine. If any of these appear your child should be evaluated by the doctor When to Call 911: The child is unresponsive. |
1eab005f7aab38f5b00c97f2e8746110 | Should I take my child to the hospital because of a broken bone? | Broken Bones Broken bones are common childhood emergencies. While these injuries are usually not life-threatening, the child should be taken to a hospital or urgent care center for evaluation. Generally speaking, parents can drive kids with broken bones to the hospital themselves. |
46e8e354757a31041229e9b9892da278 | What is a tubular adenoma? | The most common types of colon polyps doctors remove are a type called tubular adenoma. It can become cancerous, and that danger goes up the bigger the polyps get. |
779b3a5a7ac49523a49ad014a5128e67 | Do colon polyps raise your risk of colon cancer? | If you have a history of polyps in your colon, you're more likely to get colon cancer. Screening is your best way to prevent that. Doctors generally recommend getting your first colonoscopy at age 50. You may need to start at age 40 or earlier if someone in your family has had serious polyps or colon cancer. |
df688066bb74713c99606b27fcd8ab7d | What are symptoms of tubular adenomas? | You're more likely to get tubular adenomas if you are: 50 or older Obese Male From a family with history of colon polyps A couch potato You may not know you have tubular adenomas until your doctor finds them during a colonoscopy. But you may notice: Bleeding in your bottom Mucus in your poop Frequent diarrhea or constipation Belly cramps Anemia, from losing blood in your poop During a colonoscopy, your doctor inserts a long, flexible tube with a lens into your rectum and slowly threads it into your colon. |
441cef2a9dd6ef209045d75da6a0cece | How do tubular adenomas form? | These small clumps of cells that form on your colon lining are usually harmless. But some of them can lead to colon cancer. You can get a less common but more serious type of polyps called villous adenomas. Instead of round or oval, they look shaggy, like a cauliflower. Some polyps combine the two growth patterns, and they're called tubulovillous adenomas. They can grow slowly, over a decade or more. |
8fd5a9e082ba7b61d5fb6350cb5c5901 | How likely are tubular adenomas to become cancerous? | Just like the name, they grow in a tube shape. Any tubular adenomas will show up as a lump sticking out from the lining of your colon. No matter what the lab results say, the important thing is that all the polyps are out. If you've had tubular or any other types of adenomas, you'll need to have a follow-up colonoscopy to make sure they don't return. |
c264c9c4134223254e88d68af855e609 | How can a colonoscopy find tubular adenomas? | But you may notice: Bleeding in your bottom Mucus in your poop Frequent diarrhea or constipation Belly cramps Anemia, from losing blood in your poop During a colonoscopy, your doctor inserts a long, flexible tube with a lens into your rectum and slowly threads it into your colon. She can see the images on a video monitor. Your doctor will snip off the polyp or loop a wire around it and burn it off with electric current. Your doctor will send the polyp to a lab. A pathologist will check it under a microscope to see how much the sample looks like cancer. Usually, you'll need a repeat procedure every 3-5 years. |
7a09f77ca136f0c5e7d35f1427b97858 | How can a walking aid help with knee pain? | A crutch or cane can take the stress off of your knee. Knee splints and braces can also help you stay stable. |
33a8c09bbc66c3e1f5eadfde94d46515 | How can acupuncture help with knee pain? | This form of traditional Chinese medicine, which involves inserting fine needles at certain points on the body, is widely used to relieve many types of pain and may help knee pain. |
52480b844c4a87ad1b7aa6a9a61eb661 | How should I rest to help with knee pain? | Don't rest too much. Too much rest can weaken your muscles, which can worsen joint pain. Do exercise. To find the appropriate insole, speak with your doctor or a physical therapist. |
9dcda795738ab86c583c023329552322 | How can my shoes affect knee pain? | Don't overlook your weight. If you're overweight, losing weight reduces the stress on your knee. You don't even need to get to your "ideal" weight. To find the appropriate insole, speak with your doctor or a physical therapist. |
a409e7157edcfa69c9e1125e7d8018c3 | What are the risks of taking ginkgo? | Do not eat untreated parts of the ginkgo plant. Uncooked ginkgo seeds can cause seizures and death. Interactions. If you take any medicines or supplements regularly, talk to your doctor before you start using ginkgo supplements. |
080681c51791fa22e16036c59f86e23f | Who should not take ginkgo? | Given the potential risks, ginkgo is not recommended for children or for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. |
4b3b10448bc0c9dea17777200b88b71f | What are the side effects of taking ginkgo? | Ginkgo leaf supplements are generally safe. In some people, they can cause headache, dizziness, heart palpitations, nausea, gas, and diarrhea. Allergies to ginkgo can trigger rashes or more serious effects. |
9416de31b884e3ea363436b072539147 | Why do people take ginkgo? | Ginkgo improves blood flow to the brain and acts as an antioxidant. These effects may translate into some benefits for certain medical problems, but the results have been mixed. Some studies have found that in healthy people, ginkgo might modestly boost memory and cognitive speed. Other studies have not found a benefit. Several ginkgo studies have shown that it can help with memory problems caused by dementia or Alzheimer's disease. It seems to help prevent the progression of dementia symptoms, especially if the dementia is thought to be the result of atherosclerotic vascular disease. It does not seem to prevent dementia or Alzheimer's, however. There's good evidence that ginkgo might ease leg pain caused by clogged arteries. It might also help with some other circulation problems. In addition, ginkgo may relieve PMS symptoms, like breast tenderness and mood changes. Researchers have studied ginkgo for many other conditions, including ADHD, depression and other psychological conditions, multiple sclerosis, and tinnitus from a vascular origin. Some people are also using ginkgo to prevent high altitude sickness, though studies have not yet established that it's effective for that. Many uses of ginkgo show promise, but more research needs to be done. |
fe1a79422a3bfd935189a76d84f5be0d | What is ginkgo? | Some studies have found that in healthy people, ginkgo might modestly boost memory and cognitive speed. Most ginkgo supplements are derived from the leaves. |
b218eb6c12c0422cf49f8cdb7b614917 | What are the interactions when taking ginkgo? | If you have a bleeding disorder, or are planning surgery, talk to your doctor before using ginkgo. Ginkgo might reduce the effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy ( ECT.) |
e0bc99b48711422221aa3cf2dbc5842a | Can you get ginkgo naturally from foods? | It seems to help prevent the progression of dementia symptoms, especially if the dementia is thought to be the result of atherosclerotic vascular disease. Most ginkgo supplements are derived from the leaves. |
13e6d1dfe47311f4ed4ed194112f3848 | What helps you pay attention in conversations if you have ADHD? | Simple steps can make any conversation easier. Make sure you: Are face-to-face with the other person when you're talking to them Listen carefully when they're speaking Don't interrupt Ask questions when you don't understand something Let the other person know you understand them by using phrases like â It sounds like you're saying,â or â Tell me if I'm hearing you right ...â You might feel like the people closest to you are constantly criticizing or nagging you. |
1445ed2bacd85d9de0a82e644be213cc | What non-drug treatments can help with treating bipolar disorder? | Non-drug treatments, such as psychotherapy and establishing a well-ordered routine, may help patients in their maintenance phase. This is often suggested along with medication, but non-drug treatments are usually not effective alone. |
61a6ef578a9471f04c1a1fc19d5b8ea2 | What medications are used to treat bipolar depression? | For depressed bipolar patients who don't respond to mood stabilizers alone, or to FDA-approved medications for bipolar depression, doctors sometimes prescribe a mood stabilizer plus a traditional antidepressant -- often either buproprion ( Wellbutrin) or an SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) such as fluoxetine ( Prozac) or sertraline ( Zoloft), although the effectiveness of antidepressants has not been proven for bipolar depression. |
e2f58d8f70236ffb9ea0cfbf3f191602 | What Food and Drug Administration (FDA) drugs are approved for the treatment of bipolar depression? | Three drugs are FDA-approved for the treatment of bipolar depression: quetiapine ( Seroquel) by itself, olanzapine ( Zyprexa) when used with fluoxetine ( Prozac) (which also comes as a combination pill called Symbyax), and lurasidone ( Latuda) used alone or with lithium or valproate ( Depakote). The atypical antipsychotic drug caripirazine ( Vraylar) has also shown promise in initial studies to treat bipolar depression. |
ae0beacf427e7ded68b582f1af91a640 | What will happen if your mania occurs while you are on maintenance therapy for bipolar disorder? | If mania occurs while you are on maintenance therapy, your doctor may simply change your medication dose. Or you may start taking an antipsychotic drug or a second mood stabilizer to lessen symptoms. Also antidepressants should usually be discontinued while someone is manic, because they can worsen the symptoms of mania. |
05105635d5016920dcffda9b22525366 | How do people respond to medications for bipolar disorder? | Many people respond well to medications for bipolar disorder. For many others, the symptoms do not completely disappear despite therapy. The mood symptoms may become less intense and more manageable, however. Remember, getting your diagnosis should come as a relief. Now you know what the problem has been and you're on the road to getting the right treatment. |
97c115f9a4244f421659ac88dbc84a17 | How can electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) help with treating bipolar depression? | If all else fails, or if symptoms are especially severe, doctors may recommend electroconvulsive therapy ( ECT). It helps nearly 75% of the patients who are given this treatment. Two treatments called vagus nerve stimulation ( VNS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (r TMS) are also being studied as a treatment for bipolar depression. |
614b65a91d1e072abfab0f82ee4273ec | What is the best treatment for bipolar disorder? | The exact causes of bipolar disorder are unknown. Other treatments such as electroconvulsive therapy ( ECT) are often successful for people with very severe symptoms who don't respond to traditional therapy or who can't take the medications. |
232163aef93347a56035a1ba2107d551 | How can mood stabilizers help with treating bipolar disorder? | They are usually taken for a long time, commonly for many years. Also using antidepressants alone may trigger a manic or hypomanic episode in some people with bipolar disorder. Once depression has resolved, mood stabilizers are the best-proven treatments to prevent either future depression or manias. |
4e3ba62d43d92f7909b9b4b621083648 | What do low-density lipoproteins (LDL) levels mean? | Total blood cholesterol level: High risk: 240 mg/d L and above Borderline high risk: 200-239 mg/d L Desirable: Less than 200 mg/d L LDL cholesterol levels: 190 mg/d L and above represents a high risk for heart disease and is a strong indicator that the individual can benefit from intensive treatment, including life style changes, diet, and statin therapy for reducing that risk. For LDL levels that are equal to or less than 189 mg/d L, the guidelines recommend strategies for lowering LDL by 30% to 50% depending on what other risk factors you have that can affect the health of your heart and blood vessels. |
6ff09a43db42866e8f1e23e251b66c80 | What other factors might your doctor consider with regards to cholesterol and heart disease? | After reviewing your blood test, The doctor will also consider other risk factors you might have for heart disease, including: Your family history Age Weight Race Gender Diet Blood pressure and whether or not you're being treated for high blood pressure Activity level Smoking status History of diabetes Evidence of elevated blood sugars Then, your doctor will talk with you about your level of risk and the potential benefit to be derived by taking steps that include changes in your level of activity and diet as well as using medication to improve your cholesterol levels in order to reduce your overall risk. |
dca5b3a7e7930a6247a9ae52c32d54df | What are normal and high triglyceride levels? | HDL cholesterol: High risk: Less than 40 mg/d L for men and less than 50 mg/d L for women Triglycerides: Very high risk: 500 mg/d L and above High risk: 200-499 mg/d L Borderline high risk: 150-199 mg/d L Normal: Less than 150 mg/d L If your doctor recommends a "non-fasting" cholesterol test, the lab will look only at your total cholesterol (and sometimes your HDL) numbers. |
a3c783f0c21dfdbb2a23fdf3bc2695a9 | What is low-density lipoproteins (LDL)? | This is the "bad cholesterol," the main cause of plaque build-up, which increases your risk for heart disease. In general, the lower the number, the better. But LDL cholesterol is only one part of a larger equation that measures a person's overall risk of having a heart attack or stroke. For years, guidelines focused on specific target numbers for individuals to achieve to lower their risk. The most recent guidelines focus on a person's overall risk and, based on that risk, recommend a certain percentage of LDL reduction as one part of a strategy for preventing serious heart and vascular problems. |
bc650ed05acb1d2fba3c1097e0b0b118 | What are the high, borderline and desirable levels of total cholesterol? | HDL cholesterol: High risk: Less than 40 mg/d L for men and less than 50 mg/d L for women Triglycerides: Very high risk: 500 mg/d L and above High risk: 200-499 mg/d L Borderline high risk: 150-199 mg/d L Normal: Less than 150 mg/d L If your doctor recommends a "non-fasting" cholesterol test, the lab will look only at your total cholesterol (and sometimes your HDL) numbers. |
b8300abd06479464da7a4007e1c66f36 | What is high-density lipoproteins (HDL)? | This is the "bad cholesterol," the main cause of plaque build-up, which increases your risk for heart disease. It transports bad cholesterol from the blood to the liver, where it is excreted by the body. Your HDL is another part of the equation that identifies the risk of a cardiovascular event. In general, the higher the number the better, although, as with LDL, the emphasis has shifted from specific target numbers to strategies for reducing the overall risk. |
76e50c29fbbf84e6982bc8e31ec6987f | How should you adjust your treatment for rheumatoid arthritis if you are family planning? | As soon as you're considering starting a family, see your rheumatologist. Some drugs need a months-long "washout" period before trying to conceive. And that goes for men as well as women; although unproven, methotrexate might result in sperm problems that could cause birth defects. If you're taking leflunomide for RA, even more advance planning is necessary. Due to its long half-life, leflunomide needs to be stopped two years before trying to conceive a baby, although there are ways to "wash" it out of your system quicker. |
0375f2c1993967189bab170711fcd42f | What is the future of rheumatoid arthritis treatment? | New biologic drugs for RA have created a new era of treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, according to rheumatologists. With early and aggressive treatment, most people with RA can avoid joint deformities and major disability. |
6f2e6c8d043bd1f833690424d225dd60 | Does rheumatoid arthritis affect your fertility? | Experts disagree whether rheumatoid arthritis reduces fertility in women or men. It's true that many women with RA take longer to conceive than women without rheumatoid arthritis. Inconsistent ovulation, decreased sex drive, or having sex less often due to pain and fatigue are possible explanations. For men, acute flares of rheumatoid arthritis temporarily reduce sperm count and function, and can cause erection problems and decreased libido. For both men and women, effective treatment for RA improves sexual symptoms and function. In well-treated rheumatoid arthritis, fertility in most men and women is probably normal. |
f3b1fc5c79c7c766ebfbab10a97c8ff5 | How can your doctor help with family planning if you have rheumatoid arthritis? | Your rheumatologist will help you decide on a treatment plan that includes both control of your RA symptoms and safety for your baby. Low-dose prednisone, forexample, is generally considered safe during pregnancy. Hydroxychloroquine ( Plaquenil) and sulfasalazine are also considered safe. While evidence is limited for biologic medicines like etanercept ( Enbrel), etanercept-szzs ( Erelzi), infliximab ( Remicade), and infliximab-abda ( Renflexis) or infliximab-dyyb ( Inflectra), biosimilars, many rheumatologists are confident in their relative safety during pregnancy. One way to avoid the risk of pregnancy problems from RA medications is to simply not take any. Under a doctor's supervision, some women quit RA drugs "cold turkey" when they begin trying to conceive. This method has its own risk, of course: possible progression of joint damage from flares during the time when you are off treatment. In certain women, though, some rheumatologists endorse the approach, with close monitoring for disease activity. |
c340d8ddac4a55c2311ce570c72782d8 | Can rheumatoid arthritis hurt your baby? | Rheumatoid arthritis itself doesn't seem to harm the developing baby, even if RA is active during pregnancy. In fact, 70% to 80% of women with RA have improvement of their symptoms during pregnancy. Although some women with RA may have a slight risk of miscarriage or low-birth-weight babies, the vast majority of women have normal pregnancies without complications. However, many drugs for rheumatoid arthritis -- including methotrexate ( Otrexup, Rheumatrex, Trexall) and leflunomide ( Arava) -- can cause birth defects. These same medications may also cause birth defects if they are taken by men who father children. Therefore, it's important to talk to your doctor about altering treatment several months before you or your spouse try to get pregnant. |
1a3fc3434f6bfd8b32c2f37ebf9965de | How should you use contraception if you have rheumatoid arthritis and are family planning? | One way to avoid the risk of pregnancy problems from RA medications is to simply not take any. Experts say that used properly, a variety of methods are appropriateand effective, such as: Condoms Oral contraceptives Vaginal ring Intrauterine device ( IUD) Although controversial studies have suggested oral contraceptives might prevent rheumatoid arthritis in some women, there is no evidence that they help control RA symptoms. |
adee8808043ed89b28cb4f7a5546e463 | How is congenital heart disease diagnosed? | If you do, they can include: Shortness of breath Problems with exercise The symptoms of congenital heart disease in infants and children may include: A bluish tint to the skin, fingernails, and lips (doctors call this cyanosis, a condition caused by a lack of oxygenated blood) Fast breathing and poor feeding Poor weight gain Lung infections An inability to exercise Doctors may find some problems before a baby is born. Other problems may be found in infants, kids, or adults. The doctor listens to your heartbeat to check your health. If she hears an unusual sound or heart murmur, she might order more tests, such as: Echocardiogram: A type of ultrasound that takes pictures of your heart. There are different kinds, so ask your doctor what you can expect. Cardiac catheterization: A doctor guides a very thin, flexible tube (called a catheter) through a blood vessel in your arm or leg to reach your heart. She puts dye through the catheter and then uses X-ray videos to see inside your heart. Chest X-ray: These can reveal signs of heart failure. Electrocardiogram ( ECG or EKG): This measures the heart's electrical activity. MRI : You get a scan that lets doctors see the heart's structure. |
24ce055c3ebbc152ce8947ac26f585cd | How is juvenile osteoporosis diagnosed? | The signs and symptoms of juvenile osteoporosis include: Pain in the lower back, hips, knees, ankles, and feet Trouble with walking Fractures in the legs, ankles, or feet Juvenile osteoporosis is hard to define. Bone density scans are the most accurate way to detect lowered bone mass early on, but they need to be interpreted carefully to make a clear diagnosis in children. Instead, doctors usually diagnose juvenile when there are signs that a child has a fragile skeleton. This might show up when a child's bone breaks without something like a bad fall or other trauma, and the child has a low bone mineral density score. |
418f08bb47592f5f9c4103fd28b9965b | What is idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis? | Idiopathic osteoporosis means that doctors don't know what caused the disease. This type of juvenile osteoporosis is much less common. It seems to be more common in boys than in girls. It usually starts just before puberty. The child's bone density may mostly recover during puberty, but still not quite be normal when bone mass peaks as an adult. |
b4895b4985908f1f86946a395c4068ae | How do I take care of a child affected by juvenile osteoporosis? | It's very important to protect your child's bones from fracture. He may need to use crutches or other supports. He may also need to avoid types of exercise, such as contact sports, that could cause a fracture. Your doctor can tell you what's OK. All children, including those with juvenile osteoporosis, need a lifestyle that helps build healthy bones. This includes a diet rich in calcium, vitamin D, and protein, and as much safe physical activity as possible. It's best to avoid caffeine. Many experts also suggest that children with juvenile osteoporosis get bone density tests at least every other year into adulthood. |
628c5b173c893cb568620addbf625893 | What are signs and symptoms of juvenile osteoporosis? | The signs and symptoms of juvenile osteoporosis include: Pain in the lower back, hips, knees, ankles, and feet Trouble with walking Fractures in the legs, ankles, or feet Juvenile osteoporosis is hard to define. |
74dcffe42acc980001685cbd50fabee9 | What are kinds of juvenile osteoporosis? | There are two kinds of juvenile osteoporosis: secondary and idiopathic. |
ee26930d8db38b8e1a2e9c673a091a78 | How is juvenile osteoporosis treated? | Secondary osteoporosis means that another medical condition is to blame. If your child has one of these conditions, talk to his doctor about checking on his bone density. None of the osteoporosis drugs that adults can take are approved for use in children. |
9d8e3a1dd9b87fce3a0b09015d962e73 | Can ADHD medicine lead to tics? | Tics: Children who take stimulant medicines sometimes develop tics such as involuntary blinking, facial movements, or constant throat clearing. But because there is a link between Tourette's syndrome and ADHD (about 60% of children with Tourette's also have ADHD), it's unclear if the medications cause the tics or just make them worse. If a change causes social problems, talk to your child's doctor about switching to a nonstimulant. |
9da71609ff2abbc9d42d642740f37da9 | How can you treat a lowered appetite resulting from taking ADHD medicine? | Less appetite: If your child takes a stimulant medicine, it's common for her to have little or no desire to eat the first few hours afterward. This may change after a few weeks. If it doesn't, you might try giving her the medicine after a healthy breakfast. Then she can eat a small lunch and have a larger meal later in the day when the drug's effect wears off. Talk with her doctor if your child is losing weight. |
0d46d02a964461ad80d497b96fdec15a | How long do the aches and nausea from taking ADHD medicine last? | Aches and nausea: Your child may have minor headaches, tummy aches, or even feel sick to his stomach when she starts a new medication. These side effects usually go away after a few days or weeks. It may help if she takes her medication with food. |
0e20fd7e6de32e7b181a213b5b7b7e80 | Can ADHD medicine lead to suicidal thoughts? | Suicidal thoughts: Some children who have ADHD may also suffer from depression. Those who are taking the nonstimulant atomoxetine ( Strattera) may have a slight risk of feeling suicidal. If you suspect your child is having any thoughts like this, contact your doctor immediately. |
68378ce4cf23db29337faf2de411f6bd | Can ADHD medicine lead to liver damage? | Liver damage: In extremely rare cases, Strattera may cause jaundice or liver damage. Notify your child's doctor immediately if your child's skin is turning yellow or she has dark urine, flu-like symptoms, or upper belly pain. |
2f186d28d1aadc1888481a469a3aec74 | Can ADHD medicine lead to heart problems? | Heart problems: Though stimulants have been found to be safe in healthy children, they can cause a heart attack or stroke in people who are at risk for heart disease. Discuss any heart conditions, heart birth defects, symptoms (such as fainting or irregular heartbeat), or a family history of heart disease with the doctor before your child takes any new medication. |
29e6053ae2147773e683dbcd644ea047 | Can ADHD medicine lead to personality changes? | Personality changes: When a stimulant dose is too high, some children may zone out, or behave in a âzombie-likeâ manner. If your child seems tearful, withdrawn, or overly sedated, discuss a change in medication with your doctor. |
66ca1279d7325ced598a8d8c8fdd69b3 | How can ADHD medicine lead to fainting and dizziness? | Fainting and dizziness : In addition to drowsiness and irritability, the nonstimulants clonidine and guanfacine may cause a drop in heart rate and blood pressure, and that can lead to fainting and dizziness. A rapid rise in blood pressure can happen if the medications is stopped suddenly, so don't stop the medicine without talking to her doctor. |
1be605fc1f35b91b5d9ae7baeccdf2ac | Can ADHD medicine lead to changes in growth? | Changes in growth: There's been some concern over the effects of stimulants on children's growth, both in height and weight, because of the initial decrease in appetite and an increase in dopamine, which can slow down growth hormones. But the effect, if any, appears to be temporary. A 2014 study from Boston Children's Hospital found that children with ADHD who took stimulants had no significant changes in growth and, as adults, were no shorter on average than adults who didn't take stimulants. |
9d9d1bbf508411e53f0f52ed5c8c7be4 | How can you treat the irritability or moodiness associated with taking ADHD medicine? | Irritability or moodiness : The effects of ADHD medications last only for as long as the drug is in your child's system. Depending on the formula, that can be anywhere from 4 to 12 hours. When the drug wears off, your child can have a marked âreboundâ period, when she's cranky, often around dinnertime or bedtime. It can make a big difference if you plan activities around these times. For example, wait until after dinner to start homework, or have a soothing bath and read at bedtime. Your doctor may also recommend a small dose of a shorter-acting medication later in the day. This is sometimes called a booster dose or a homework pill. |
d384c05a9863a591c874463586052ab0 | Is it normal for ADHD medicine to cause hallucinations? | Hallucinations: Children who take stimulants for ADHD have a slight chance of hearing voices, seeing imaginary things such as insects, and having feelings of paranoia. Report any unusual behavior such as this to your doctor. |
9620eb3d6b9ddb81b1c5492e5b1fe9c6 | What ADHD medicines don't cause sleeping problems? | Some children take nonstimulant medications such as guanfacine ( Intuniv, Tenex) and clonidine ( Kapvay). These medicines can have the reverse effect and make your child feel sleepy during the day. Taking the dose closer to bedtime or breaking it into two doses can help. |
fbc0995d755f68a9767015e5760d38c9 | Can antidepressants be used to treat ADHD? | Antidepressants haven't been approved for treating ADHD, but some, including bupropion ( Wellbutrin), may be prescribed for children who haven't responded well to other ADHD treatments, or who also suffer from a mood disorder such as anxiety or depression. |
22bca3f84a7398d10a222cabedaabd9c | Is it normal for ADHD medicine to cause my child to faint or become dizzy? | Fainting and dizziness : In addition to drowsiness and irritability, the nonstimulants clonidine and guanfacine may cause a drop in heart rate and blood pressure, and that can lead to fainting and dizziness. A rapid rise in blood pressure can happen if the medications is stopped suddenly, so don't stop the medicine without talking to her doctor. |
9045086383d340cadbcdbcd5f6144587 | Can ADHD medicine lead to hallucinations? | Hallucinations: Children who take stimulants for ADHD have a slight chance of hearing voices, seeing imaginary things such as insects, and having feelings of paranoia. Report any unusual behavior such as this to your doctor. |
4161f4a94d7e994447cb26bb5fe8261a | Is it normal for ADHD medicine to cause tics or twitching? | Tics: Children who take stimulant medicines sometimes develop tics such as involuntary blinking, facial movements, or constant throat clearing. But because there is a link between Tourette's syndrome and ADHD (about 60% of children with Tourette's also have ADHD), it's unclear if the medications cause the tics or just make them worse. If a change causes social problems, talk to your child's doctor about switching to a nonstimulant. |
eac9451618bb707d003969a0aafefda7 | Does ADHD medicine cause changes in a child's height or weight? | Changes in growth: There's been some concern over the effects of stimulants on children's growth, both in height and weight, because of the initial decrease in appetite and an increase in dopamine, which can slow down growth hormones. But the effect, if any, appears to be temporary. |
f2012d352dbb7dffafe8893348e58b96 | How can you treat insomnia related to taking ADHD medicine? | In many cases, the sleep problems can be fixed by changing what time the child takes the medication, or switching from a long-acting formula to one that wears off a few hours before bedtime. Some children take nonstimulant medications such as guanfacine ( Intuniv, Tenex) and clonidine ( Kapvay). These medicines can have the reverse effect and make your child feel sleepy during the day. Taking the dose closer to bedtime or breaking it into two doses can help. |
90e1e3894b442b3cb565ecb74600a97f | Is it normal for ADHD medicine to cause aches and nausea? | Aches and nausea: Your child may have minor headaches, tummy aches, or even feel sick to his stomach when she starts a new medication. These side effects usually go away after a few days or weeks. It may help if she takes her medication with food. |
c5c2a0206061e2f21e48c794ab6cc7c9 | Is it normal for ADHD medicine to cause a loss in appetite? | Less appetite: If your child takes a stimulant medicine, it's common for her to have little or no desire to eat the first few hours afterward. This may change after a few weeks. If it doesn't, you might try giving her the medicine after a healthy breakfast. Then she can eat a small lunch and have a larger meal later in the day when the drug's effect wears off. Talk with her doctor if your child is losing weight. |
b9da4adf7aaa8b1bf8b818bc16f7e1cc | Are side effects of ADHD medicine common and when should I be concerned? | Before your child starts taking an ADHD medication for the first time, or switches to a different drug or a new dose, note her habits before she starts the drug so you can tell if a new behavior may be a side effect. It's common to have some early side effects. It can take a few days or a few weeks for her body to adjust. If any changes concern you, talk to your child's doctor to decide whether you should stay the course, switch to another medication, adjust the dosage, or stop medication. |
173c4cfaa2d69ca35e66841eec8c8bc3 | Is it normal for ADHD medicine to cause my child to be irritable and moody, and what can I do to help it? | Irritability or moodiness : The effects of ADHD medications last only for as long as the drug is in your child's system. Depending on the formula, that can be anywhere from 4 to 12 hours. When the drug wears off, your child can have a marked âreboundâ period, when she's cranky, often around dinnertime or bedtime. It can make a big difference if you plan activities around these times. For example, wait until after dinner to start homework, or have a soothing bath and read at bedtime. Your doctor may also recommend a small dose of a shorter-acting medication later in the day. |
543e4e15baef26f4225e3bc279403228 | Does bupropion have different side effects from stimulants? | Bupropion has many of the same potential side effects as stimulants, including irritability, decreased appetite, insomnia, and a worsening of existing tics. At high doses, it may make some people more likely to have seizures and can cause hallucinations. |
808958b55a11f3b31c21475d09317327 | Can serious side effects occur from taking ADHD medicine? | If you notice anything that worries you, call the doctor right away. Don't give your child another dose until you talk to the doctor. Heart problems: Though stimulants have been found to be safe in healthy children, they can cause a heart attack or stroke in people who are at risk for heart disease. |
59ab54fda60f7f02dc1bbc226af420cc | What are the side effects of taking antidepressants to treat ADHD? | Irritability or moodiness : The effects of ADHD medications last only for as long as the drug is in your child's system. Suicidal thoughts: Some children who have ADHD may also suffer from depression. At high doses, it may make some people more likely to have seizures and can cause hallucinations. |
93c7e37dc9f6e487e747c1333952efe0 | What should you know about ADHD medicine? | But these meds can cause a range of side effects, both physical and emotional. Before your child starts taking an ADHD medication for the first time, or switches to a different drug or a new dose, note her habits before she starts the drug so you can tell if a new behavior may be a side effect. It's common to have some early side effects. It can take a few days or a few weeks for her body to adjust. If any changes concern you, talk to your child's doctor to decide whether you should stay the course, switch to another medication, adjust the dosage, or stop medication. Changes in growth: There's been some concern over the effects of stimulants on children's growth, both in height and weight, because of the initial decrease in appetite and an increase in dopamine, which can slow down growth hormones. |
5947e61a596e057b7047251e9dbf5a05 | Who usually gets a tailbone (coccyx) injury? | The majority of coccyx injuries occur in women, because the female pelvis is broader and the coccyx is more exposed. |
06308ab95ee2279e02e8756c851f4c48 | What exams and tests are used for a tailbone (coccyx) injury? | The entire vertebral column (spine) may be examined. A neurologic exam may be performed. A rectal exam may also be performed. For this exam, the doctor inserts a finger into your rectum to feel the area of the coccyx and determine if there is a dislocation or a fracture that can be felt and if direct pressure against the coccyx reproduces your pain. Rarely, if the cause of discomfort is unknown, a local anesthetic may be injected into the tailbone area to determine whether the origin of the pain is from the coccyx or another part of the vertebral column. X-rays may be taken to determine whether there is a fracture or dislocation. However, X-rays occasionally may not reveal these injuries. Some doctors recommend X-rays in both the standing and seated positions to better determine the presence of a fracture or dislocation. |
6e2cd6c01708bd2753221848a76188ce | When should you seek medical care for a tailbone (coccyx) injury? | Injuries to the region of the tailbone rarely require a visit to the emergency department. However, if you are concerned about your symptoms, it is wise to call a doctor or visit the nearest hospital's emergency department. For this exam, the doctor inserts a finger into your rectum to feel the area of the coccyx and determine if there is a dislocation or a fracture that can be felt and if direct pressure against the coccyx reproduces your pain. Rarely, if the cause of discomfort is unknown, a local anesthetic may be injected into the tailbone area to determine whether the origin of the pain is from the coccyx or another part of the vertebral column. |
b4b0ccee9c457dd070c9ef3713400b7b | Is obesity and inactivity linked to pancreatic cancer? | In a study of 88,000 nurses, those who were obese (body mass index higher than 30) were more likely to develop pancreatic cancer. Those who exercised frequently were about half as likely to get pancreatic cancer, compared to those who did not exercise at all. |
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