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3ee5223f36f604e68786a08656996d9e | What are signs that medulloblastoma has spread to the spinal cord? | Some of the first symptoms include: Behavioral problems Changes in handwriting Clumsiness or other balance problems Headaches Nausea or vomiting in the morning Tilting the head to one side Vision problems Once the medulloblastoma has spread to the spinal cord, you also might notice: Back pain Bladder and bowel control problems Trouble walking If your child has symptoms, his pediatrician will want to do a few tests to find out what's going on. |
db517d4e5db25f68a6c8c7abbdc9d3bd | Where do medulloblastomas form? | These tumors start near the base of the skull -- in the cerebellum. This is the part of the brain that controls balance and motor skills. The tumors tend to grow quickly and can spread to other parts of the brain, spinal cord, and bone marrow. |
cb78f893982b93d5256072123d5643cc | How common is medulloblastoma? | Medulloblastoma is the most common kind of cancerous brain tumor in children under age 16. It's typically found between ages 3 and 8. About 500 children in the U. S. are diagnosed with a medulloblastoma each year. They're more common in boys than in girls, and they happen less often in adults. |
dd32060498f605b9a23d5acdb4899e8e | What are the treatments for medulloblastoma in children? | Your child's treatment will depend on whether the cancer has spread. The doctor probably will recommend one or more of the following: Surgery: This is usually the first step. Chemotherapy: The doctor will likely suggest this after surgery to destroy any remaining cancer cells. It's given through an IV or with pills. Radiation therapy: This is also used to kill cancer cells. Proton therapy: A low dose of radiation is sent directly to the tumor. This is more precise than radiation therapy and can prevent damage to healthy tissue and organs. |
6c205abb7bc5bf157226d36fcb909ced | What is biologic therapy for kidney cancer? | Biologic therapy for kidney cancer This therapy uses your immune system to fight cancer by boosting, directing, or restoring your body's natural defenses. Substances for biologic therapy are made by your body or in a lab. Examples of biologic therapy for metastatic kidney cancer include interferon alpha or interleukin-2. There are many new immunotherapies being actively studied for kidney cancer. |
3ff9538916e5412a25b6b6333f535423 | What is kidney cancer? | This type of kidney cancer is called renal cell carcinoma. In most cases, surgery is the first step. |
dcbc6035355211a6fe820b4fc1a4e76c | Does my age affect my chances of getting migraines? | Migraine headaches can hit at any point in your life, but you're more likely to get your first one in your teens. The headaches tend to peak in your 30s and become less severe later in life. |
113480fe0864ef48df38fa4909a42d83 | Can certain foods trigger a migraine? | Salty, processed foods and aged cheeses like blue cheese are known triggers. And the artificial sweetener aspartame, and flavor enhancer monosodium glutamate, or MSG, may cause them, too. |
c70612bf0fc51843d127229d00af7904 | Can sensory overload trigger a migraine? | Shifts in the hormone estrogen can bring on migraines in women. |
a1f7fd20617f49eaae82b386bfae22d4 | Do my genes affect my chances of getting migraines? | If someone in your family gets migraine headaches, you're more likely to get them than someone without that family history. |
77345e50aff7283556391ada90c4851b | Can emotional stress trigger a migraine? | This is one of the most common migraine triggers. That's because when you're stressed, your brain releases chemicals that cause your âfight or flightâ response. Anxiety, worry, and fear can create even more tension and make a migraine worse. |
0803505684063f8637d408e4e001aa3d | Why do I get migraines? | Doctors aren't totally sure what causes migraine headaches, but they think imbalances in certain brain chemicals may play a role. Your genes and other things are also likely reasons. While researchers haven't been able to pinpoint a cause, they know that several things raise your chances of having migraines, including: 1. |
ab9d6d277b41c409a5f724ef56fcf5d2 | Can changes in weather trigger a migraine? | Changes in weather. This is a big trigger. So is a change in the overall air pressure. |
1c6829bc994450efe57f59107996b6b4 | Can hormonal changes trigger a migraine? | Medications like birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy can bring on headaches or make them worse. But some women have fewer migraines when they take these medications. |
cf744af2f31e16d5aebb0a40f5ebe175 | How can sensory overload trigger a migraine? | Bright lights, loud sounds, and strong smells can bring on these headaches in some people. |
f00f6231be488d11e99f0ab5692074e8 | How can emotional stress trigger a migraine? | This is one of the most common migraine triggers. That's because when you're stressed, your brain releases chemicals that cause your âfight or flightâ response. Anxiety, worry, and fear can create even more tension and make a migraine worse. |
aade95f20cd711febcdf044a1c295725 | How can hormonal changes trigger a migraine? | Medications like birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy can bring on headaches or make them worse. But some women have fewer migraines when they take these medications. |
9af74c5120f6ae03fd85e0daf77c7c4f | What should you know about migraines? | It's a disabling condition that causes an extremely painful headache that is accompanied by nausea or vomiting, and sensitivity to lights and sounds. The head pain that happens with migraine is usually a severe, pounding headache that can last hours or even days. But migraine is much more than just a headache. Other symptoms vary from person to person, but you may see spots, have blurred vision, or smell strange odors. You might be sensitive to light, feel sick to your stomach, and even vomit. |
ee2053c63945cc57946296a1a2c8a06f | Why do you get migraines? | Your genes and other things are also likely reasons. Certain foods. |
376099ceab81a6f34364813b65a66626 | How can physical strain trigger a migraine? | Medications like birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy can bring on headaches or make them worse. You should still be active, but you might do better with a more moderate pace. |
097559147b8b38b97116d80a8783f397 | How can certain foods trigger a migraine? | Certain foods. If you get too much or too little sleep, you may get a migraine. |
5c3bc6fe04f95f1f32d0e3851e0541cb | Can physical strain trigger a migraine? | Medications like birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy can bring on headaches or make them worse. You should still be active, but you might do better with a more moderate pace. |
a421b4ad4ab812790f05052e1792d573 | Can changes in sleep pattern trigger a migraine? | If you get too much or too little sleep, you may get a migraine. Too much medication. |
c971b809be88908de0b11de228995ad2 | Do my hormonal changes affect my chances of getting migraines? | The headaches tend to peak in your 30s and become less severe later in life. That's because when you're stressed, your brain releases chemicals that cause your âfight or flightâ response. If you get too much or too little sleep, you may get a migraine. |
a830793d3f0353f86ddcc175393997e0 | What causes shingles (herpes zoster)? | Shingles arises from varicella-zoster, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Following a bout of chickenpox, the virus lies dormant in the spinal nerve cells. But it can be reactivated years later when the immune system is suppressed by: Physical or emotional trauma A serious illness Certain medications, like steroids Medical science doesn't understand why the virus becomes reactivated in some people and not in others. |
4821518940387a3fbd1be483b0b329b5 | What is postherpetic neuralgia after shingles (herpes zoster)? | After one to two weeks, the blisters heal and form scabs. Up to 15% of people with herpes zoster develop deep pain called postherpetic neuralgia that follows after the infection has run its course. It can continue for months or even years, especially in older people. The incidence of shingles and of postherpetic neuralgia rises with increasing age. Shingles arises from varicella-zoster, the same virus that causes chickenpox. |
8c964a92f4a5e3fca1cf7046463dd710 | What is shingles (herpes zoster)? | Shingles (herpes zoster) results from a reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus that also causes chickenpox. With shingles, usually the first thing you may notice is a tingling sensation or burning pain on one side of your body or face. Within days, tiny clusters of red bumps quickly evolve into a group of painful blisters which can pop and get crusty with pus. The area can be very painful, itchy, and tender. After one to two weeks, the blisters heal and form scabs. Shingles usually occurs only once, although it has been known to recur, usually in people with weakened immune systems. But it can be reactivated years later when the immune system is suppressed by: Physical or emotional trauma A serious illness Certain medications, like steroids Medical science doesn't understand why the virus becomes reactivated in some people and not in others. |
d6de19e242539804b2b0118abcdc3373 | How do you chill a bruise to heal it? | These tips may help your bruise go away more quickly: Put ice on your bruise right after you get injured. That can reduce the size of your bruise, which may allow it to heal faster. The cold temperature from an ice pack makes the blood in that area flow more slowly. It may reduce the amount of blood that leaks out of your vessels. Don't put ice directly on your bruise -- protect your skin by wrapping the ice in a washcloth or paper towel. Remove the ice from your skin after about 10 minutes. Leaving it on too long could harm your skin. It's OK to put ice on your bruise several times a day, as long as you take a break after every time you do it. |
c0f185c372c27afd9d1a553a3dc32d20 | Should you put a steak on a bruise? | You may have seen people in old movies or cartoons putting raw steaks on their bruises -- especially on black eyes. Don't do this yourself. It's not safe to handle raw meat or place it against your eye or another body part, since it may be loaded with bacteria. Steaks and other raw meats don't have special healing powers that can help a bruise. |
d23e79d555d1f3758eab50a904331672 | How can keeping your scalp moist help with sleeping problems from scalp psoriasis? | If your doctor has prescribed medicine for you to leave on, apply it now. Put a dry shower cap over your hair before you slip into bed. This will keep it damp and hold medicine in. It may make your head sweat as you sleep, adding even more moisture. |
cc542f9aeceeac58322194d492888813 | How can showering before bed help with sleeping problems from scalp psoriasis? | Moisture can soothe your scalp and calm the itch. Take a warm shower before you go to sleep every night. Wash your hair each time. Try an over-the-counter shampoo for people with psoriasis. Look for one with tar, ketoconazole, or salicylic acid. Dandruff shampoo may also help. To give it time to work, leave it on your scalp for 5 minutes before you rinse it out. If your doctor gave you a cream or other medicine to use during your shower, put it on your wet scalp before you shampoo. Leave it on for the prescribed period of time, then wash and rinse as usual. Always use conditioner. It will help keep your skin moist. Shampoo alone can dry out your scalp. |
e7d4aac9c7f4809cb5c3c2063600118e | How should I avoid triggers for scalp psoriasis? | Control stress when you can, at work and at home. Learn some techniques to relax. Try to exercise every day, and leave enough time to rest at night. Scrapes and sunburns can trigger psoriasis. Be gentle when you scratch your head. Wear sunscreen and a hat when you go outdoors. To lower chances that you'll get strep throat or another illness, wash your hands often. |
f7044f2c80fe430c79fe81dce5a8f891 | How can you avoid triggers of scalp psoriasis to get better sleep? | Control stress when you can, at work and at home. Learn some techniques to relax. Try to exercise every day, and leave enough time to rest at night. Scrapes and sunburns can trigger psoriasis. Be gentle when you scratch your head. Wear sunscreen and a hat when you go outdoors. |
4891a2f448fdb6922b12d9d68ee53f86 | How can seeing your doctor help with sleeping problems from scalp psoriasis? | Your sleep problems could be tied to a psoriasis flare. If the itching and pain keep you awake for more than a couple of nights, call your dermatologist. She can suggest a new treatment. |
b5e91ca49ad5d179bb854cc26043a693 | What should I do if my scalp psoriasis keeps me awake at night? | Your sleep problems could be tied to a psoriasis flare. If the itching and pain keep you awake for more than a couple of nights, call your dermatologist. She can suggest a new treatment. |
ff2b1bba716bbddab2532fa79651c051 | What can I do at night to help my scalp psoriasis? | Take a warm shower before you go to sleep every night. Look for one with tar, ketoconazole, or salicylic acid. If your doctor gave you a cream or other medicine to use during your shower, put it on your wet scalp before you shampoo. Leave it on for the prescribed period of time, then wash and rinse as usual. Always use conditioner. After your shower, gently rub any over-the-counter creams or scale softeners that you have into your scalp. Put a dry shower cap over your hair before you slip into bed. This will keep it damp and hold medicine in. |
00c99905eee1bb01b4ff00d3efbccf87 | Should I follow good sleep habits if I have scalp psoriasis? | Go to bed at the same time every night. Keep your bedroom cool. Choose sheets, pillows, blankets, and pajamas in soft fabrics. Relax for an hour before bed. Avoid gadgets with bright screens like TVs, computers and smartphones. Get out of bed if you can't sleep. Do something quiet until you feel tired, but again, no screen time. Control stress when you can, at work and at home. |
bf6038cd163e84f8f9274041607cdd06 | How can stress trigger psoriasis? | Scientists think your immune system may respond to emotional and mental pressures the same way it does to physical problems like injuries and infections. |
1e2c2f470c21e0d603d9beeef669bdae | How can smoking affect your risk for psoriasis? | Lighting up can double your risk of getting psoriasis. If you also have relatives with the disease, you're nine times more likely to get it. And smoking makes it harder to get rid of symptoms. It's closely linked with a hard-to-treat type called pustular psoriasis, which affects the palms of your hands and the soles of your feet. |
916639e546aafbff7858607a4c8dd0ac | What skin injuries can trigger psoriasis? | A cut, scrape, bug bite, infection, or too much scratching can trigger the condition. |
547f85dcc8156c4b49db498639311258 | How can alcohol affect your psoriasis? | Heavy drinkers have a higher risk, especially younger men. Alcohol can make treatments less effective, too. |
8bb00dc1b30a01b0ba2df9869b31c5c7 | Can certain genes trigger a psoriasis flare? | When you have psoriasis, the genes that control your immune system signals get mixed up. |
49db6bc3947bd7c75ccb96d10f22ed4f | How are genes and DNA related to psoriasis? | When you have psoriasis, the genes that control your immune system signals get mixed up. Instead of protecting your body from invaders as it's designed to do, it promotes inflammation and turns skin cells on overdrive. Scientists have found about 25 genes that are different in people with psoriasis. |
57502d528af4cc6f8577514084c61615 | How can HIV trigger psoriasis? | These include: Lithium, which treats bipolar disorder and other mental illnesses High blood pressure and heart medicines, including propranolol ( Inderal) and other beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and quinidine Antimalarial medicines, including chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine ( Plaquenil), and quinacrine Indomethacin ( Indocin), which treats inflammation Psoriasis usually is worse in the beginning stages of HIV infection, but then it gets better after you start certain treatments. |
f2adaee9c997ab151a83450f7402bca6 | What medications can make psoriasis worse? | Some treatments can make psoriasis worse. These include: Lithium, which treats bipolar disorder and other mental illnesses High blood pressure and heart medicines, including propranolol ( Inderal) and other beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and quinidine Antimalarial medicines, including chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine ( Plaquenil), and quinacrine Indomethacin ( Indocin), which treats inflammation Psoriasis usually is worse in the beginning stages of HIV infection, but then it gets better after you start certain treatments. |
67b77903ae1ec6d72038301a74af756a | How can psoriasis be triggered? | When you have psoriasis, the genes that control your immune system signals get mixed up. |
2b5a4f057fb3d9c15ee0b97b6de9d4a7 | How can hormone changes trigger psoriasis? | The disease often shows up or flares during puberty. Menopause can also trigger it. During pregnancy, your symptoms may get better or even go away. |
1da651eec8a1f84d5b28677d1f88eb57 | How many people are affected by psoriasis? | About 10 in every 100 people have genes that make them more likely to get psoriasis, but only two or three of them actually do. |
f4def5d594ac055a29425ca24b9d6c36 | What infections can trigger psoriasis? | Scientists have found about 25 genes that are different in people with psoriasis. Kids will often have strep throat before their first flare. Earaches, bronchitis, tonsillitis, or a respiratory infection such as a cold, the flu, or skin problems. |
316453c9bd2c099aa67ef4c1129dabab | What happens if you have psoriasis? | Psoriasis turns your skin cells into type A overachievers: They grow about five times faster than normal skin cells. But it's likely a combination of genetics and triggers. Little bits of your DNA, called genes, are instructions for your cells. Scientists think your immune system may respond to emotional and mental pressures the same way it does to physical problems like injuries and infections. |
a6617e47871a62735824839e4a5f5667 | What are the symptoms of a black eye? | Any of the symptoms below may indicate damage to the eyeball, which should be evaluated and treated by an eye care specialist: Your eyeball hurts. |
04fa715d879039d80c2ddfc4846e47e7 | When should you see a doctor for a black eye? | There was loss of consciousness as a result of the injury. Black eyes appear affecting one or both eyes after a head injury; you should be examined by a doctor for possible skull fracture. You have blurry or double vision. You can't move your eyeball in all directions. |
02689e21ba66651f656cabf5e85a5316 | When should you see an eye care specialist for a black eye? | The signs of a black eye include bruising and swelling of the eyelid and soft tissue around the injured eye, sometimes accompanied by broken blood vessels along the white of the eye, called a subconjunctival hemorrhage. You have blurred vision, or see multiple images or floating spots. You are bleeding from the eye. You experience unusual sensitivity to light or other vision changes. |
78b99be8291c6d2c84af0ed2dc8fca08 | How do I know if I have hepatitis? | Most people have vague or no symptoms at all; hence, viral hepatitis is often referred to as a silent disease. Your healthcare provider may also require a liver biopsy, or tissue sample, in order to determine the extent of the damage. |
6cacc869e0643b17fa20fb18e1c3d1ed | What should I consider if I have hepatitis? | Other Points to Consider If your hepatitis, either viral or nonviral, is in the acute stage (occurred within the last six months), avoid alcoholic beverages, as your body's efforts to process alcohol puts an added strain on an already injured liver. Also, be aware that your sexual partners, especially if you have hepatitis B, are at risk of contracting the disease. Hepatitis C is difficult to pass through sexual contact, unless there is blood-to-blood contact. Most adults recover completely from acute hepatitis A and B within six months. |
07bc5f46513a2a978dd3dea24888c29f | What are other names for acute myeloid leukemia (AML)? | Doctors may call it: Acute myelocytic leukemia Acute myelogenous leukemia Acute granulocytic leukemia Acute non-lymphocytic leukemia Without treatment, AML can quickly be life-threatening. |
2be974b4b30c04ea6b59ca9ede20e84e | Where can acute myeloid leukemia (AML) spread to? | Doctors may call it: Acute myelocytic leukemia Acute myelogenous leukemia Acute granulocytic leukemia Acute non-lymphocytic leukemia Without treatment, AML can quickly be life-threatening. Because it's "acute," this type of leukemia can spread quickly to the blood and to other parts of the body, such as the: Lymph nodes Liver Spleen Brain and spinal cord Testicles Each person is different, and how acute myeloid leukemia affects them depends on certain things, including how well the cancer responds to treatment. |
7395e17dd087cd7e3b4d15bdd7f52df9 | When is the outlook better for acute myeloid leukemia (AML)? | Because it's "acute," this type of leukemia can spread quickly to the blood and to other parts of the body, such as the: Lymph nodes Liver Spleen Brain and spinal cord Testicles Each person is different, and how acute myeloid leukemia affects them depends on certain things, including how well the cancer responds to treatment. Your outlook is better if: You are younger than 60. You have a lower white blood cell count when you're diagnosed. You do not have a history of blood disorders or cancers. You do not have certain gene mutations or chromosome changes. |
332d8d7966c0eb3a9cb46b7b08a5484c | What are the risk factors for acute myeloid leukemia (AML)? | Acute myeloid leukemia risk factors include: Smoking Exposure to certain chemicals such as benzene (a solvent used in oil refineries and other industries and present in cigarette smoke), pesticides, ionizing radiation, certain cleaning products, detergents, and paint strippers Some chemotherapy drugs used to treat other cancers, such as cyclophosphamide, doxorubin, melphalan, and mitoxantrone Exposure to high doses of radiation Certain blood disorders such as myeloproliferative disorders (for example, chronic myelogenous leukemia) A parent, brother, or sister who has had AML Although there is no way to prevent AML, you may lower your risk by not smoking and avoiding exposure to chemicals. |
499ac049d1b35dfca0e90973fff95566 | What happens during acute myeloid leukemia (AML)? | Acute myeloid leukemia starts in the bone marrow. This is the soft inner parts of bones. With acute types of leukemia such as AML, bone marrow cells don't mature the way they're supposed to. These immature cells, often called blast cells, keep building up. |
61ab5c2cccf24fa62e3caa7a286ecb17 | When you're pregnant, should you call your doctor if you're worried about a symptom but you're not sure it's serious? | If there is a problem, you will get prompt attention. If there isn't, you will be reassured. |
ba3e471135b64a982aca23875ac76c83 | When should you call your doctor right away during pregnancy? | Call your health care provider right away if you have: Unusual or severe cramping or abdominal pain Changes in your baby's movement after 28 weeks gestation (if there are less than 10 movements in 2 hours) that you notice while sitting still or lying down Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath that seems to be getting worse Signs of premature labor including: -- Regular tightening or pain in the lower abdomen or back -- Any bleeding in the second or third trimester (which may be normal after a vaginal exam or intercourse) -- Fluid leak -- Severe pressure in the pelvis or vagina ( Pressure is normal in 2nd and 3rd trimesters.) Also call your health care provider if you have any of the following conditions during pregnancy: A fever over 100 ° Fahrenheit Severe or persistent vomiting Severe diarrhea Fainting spells or dizziness Pain, burning, or trouble urinating Unusual vaginal discharge Repeated vaginal bleeding Swelling in your hands, fingers, or face Blurred vision or spots before your eyes Sore, cracked, or bleeding nipples Severe headaches Pain or cramping in your arms, legs, or chest If you aren't sure if a symptom is serious, but you just don't feel like yourself, trust your instincts and call your provider. |
46b1f4ffcd0e28fa7c0de995267d598b | What are some conditions you should call your doctor about while you're pregnant? | Also call your health care provider if you have any of the following conditions during pregnancy: A fever over 100 ° Fahrenheit Severe or persistent vomiting Severe diarrhea Fainting spells or dizziness Pain, burning, or trouble urinating Unusual vaginal discharge Repeated vaginal bleeding Swelling in your hands, fingers, or face Blurred vision or spots before your eyes Sore, cracked, or bleeding nipples Severe headaches Pain or cramping in your arms, legs, or chest If you aren't sure if a symptom is serious, but you just don't feel like yourself, trust your instincts and call your provider. |
0a6bffbb7b5d0cfdf07a85f822e23afd | Are there medications that may affect my triglyceride levels? | You should also ask your doctor whether any of your medications (such as birth control pills or hormone replacement) are linked to your high triglycerides. If so, your doctor will probably recommend changing your prescription. |
f8d9a5f34153a73543dc022fb87e7792 | What makes a woman more likely to get high triglycerides? | Women are more likely to get high triglycerides if they: Take birth control pills that include estrogen Are pregnant; pregnancy can temporarily raise triglyceride levels. Have been through menopause Have PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome), a hormonal disorder in which women have higher levels of male hormones; PCOS can also raise the likelihood of heart disease and diabetes. Take oral estrogens or hormone replacement therapy Take prescription drugs such as tamoxifen or, to a lesser degree, raloxifene ( Evista) that target estrogen levels; doctors call this class of drugs " SERMs," which stands for "selective estrogen receptor modulators." |
9f1e94e39dc73858d13202ad3c1d5128 | How can long-term controller medicines help manage the symptoms of allergic asthma in children? | They're for kids who get asthma symptoms more than twice a week, nighttime symptoms more than twice a month, or those who've been to the hospital for asthma recently. They include: Budesonide ( Pulmicort) Fluticasone ( Flovent) Montelukast ( Singulair) Salmeterol ( Advair) Many kids use both types of medicine. They take long-term control medicines every day and carry quick-relief medicines with them in case of an asthma attack. |
8438a450d37d383c96f98ad2c8550a45 | How can quick-relief medicines help manage the symptoms of allergic asthma in children? | Doctors prescribe two types of medicines to manage children's asthma symptoms: Quick-relief medicines widen the airways to stop asthma attacks when they happen. Some kids use these medicines before they exercise. Albuterol ( Pro Air HFA, Proventil HFA, Ventolin HFA) is the most common quick-relief medicine. |
a3004cfaf12ca11b26ca9e0620102ea4 | How does immunotherapy help treat allergic asthma in children? | Kids can avoid their triggers, but they can also take medicines to prevent asthma and allergy symptoms. Your child can take these medicines as a syrup, chewable tablet, or nasal spray. |
4c98d5395dfd0ccf0a1f78a6119c3b67 | Why do allergies and asthma cause coughing? | If you have them, inhaling a trigger like mold can cause your lungs to overreact. They're trying to cough out what's bothering them. |
3935ebb6c5925d3618692673c845e3c5 | When should you see a doctor for a cough? | If your cough isn't getting better after 1 week, it's time to call your doc. See him as soon as you can if your cough interferes with your daily life and ability to work, or if it comes with any of these other symptoms: Trouble breathing Chest pain Ongoing heartburn Coughing up blood Fever or night sweats Trouble sleeping |
06564c3ce411512b6454503b6ce9ccaf | Why does postnasal drip cause coughing? | When you're congested, mucus drips down from your nose into your throat, and makes you cough. You can get postnasal drip from colds, flu, sinus infections, allergies, and other problems. |
9a9c31d32eb65c481f451fa1d7d81414 | How long do coughs usually last? | Common viruses are the most likely causes. Sometimes, the cough can last weeks or months after the virus is gone. Over time your airways will heal and the cough will stop. |
27c30d726d0cfea135a546d7e5fe3f88 | Why do viruses cause coughing? | Colds and the flu are the most common causes. While annoying, coughs that are âproductiveâ get germy mucus out of your lungs when you're sick. Most will go away in a few days. |
01fae49a5293ce61be3022b0511f66cb | What are some less known causes of coughing? | Many other problems -- lung inflammation, sleep apnea, and drug side effects -- can be triggers. Get coughs that won't go away checked out to make sure you don't have a separate problem. |
e7aed06638bcb5745a3415e2732cee99 | Can medicine be used for a cough? | Over-the-counter cough remedies can help in a number of ways. Suppressants lessen your urge to cough. Expectorants thin mucus and make it easier to hack up. |
5815aaa6d066c180985a586ddf1e09a3 | How can cough triggers be avoided? | While annoying, coughs that are âproductiveâ get germy mucus out of your lungs when you're sick. Allergies and asthma . You can drink warm fluids, inhale warm, moist air, and use cough drops. You won't see the effects right away, but if you stay away from what bothers you, you'll start to feel better. |
a5ad3f92cb213f257b69bbbab34eb29c | Can a cough be treated with home remedies? | Add a spoonful of honey to hot tea, or choose a cough drop that has it. Never give honey to a child under a year old -- it can make them very sick. Use air conditioners to filter air during pollen season. |
ae74e239ab6d929de58fad83cd7e979e | How is surgery done for larger tumors of skin cancer? | Larger tumors, lesions in high-risk locations, recurrent tumors, and lesions in cosmetically sensitive areas are removed by a technique called Mohs micrographic surgery. For this technique, the surgeon carefully removes tissue, layer by layer, until cancer-free tissue is reached. |
3837ad029874c97b969b3a9333d388c0 | How is surgery done for small skin cancer lesions? | Small skin cancer lesions may be removed through a variety of techniques, including simple excision (cutting it away), electrodesiccation and curettage (scraping the tumor and then burning the tissue with an electric needle), and cryosurgery (freezing the area with liquid nitrogen). |
27d24523fe6fe3e3cbfd539f559408b4 | What is it like to live with skin cancer? | Living with skin cancer presents many new challenges for you and for your family and friends. You will probably have many worries about how the cancer will affect you and your ability to "live a normal life," that is, to care for your family and home, to hold your job, and to continue the friendships and activities you enjoy. Many people with a skin cancer diagnosis feel anxious and depressed. Some people feel angry and resentful; others feel helpless and defeated. For most people with skin cancer, talking about their feelings and concerns helps. Your friends and family members can be very supportive. They may be hesitant to offer support until they see how you are coping. Don't wait for them to bring it up. If you want to talk about your concerns, let them know. |
77d521f8608d0e838ebe98cdce931ab2 | What should you do after your advanced cancerous melanoma treatment? | If you have advanced malignant melanoma, your oncologist may want to see you every few months. These visits may include total body skin exams, regional lymph node checks, and periodic chest X-rays and body scans. Over time, the intervals between follow-up appointments will increase. Eventually these checks may be done only once a year. |
359c785defb5c53f4b36e43dfa296bc1 | What will your doctor talk about regarding skin cancer? | These conditions require the care of a dermatologist or specialist in skin cancers. |
e378c741ebfc6a1b193002d6f02b475f | What is it going to be like living with skin cancer? | You will probably have many worries about how the cancer will affect you and your ability to "live a normal life," that is, to care for your family and home, to hold your job, and to continue the friendships and activities you enjoy. Many people with a skin cancer diagnosis feel anxious and depressed. Some people feel angry and resentful; others feel helpless and defeated. For most people with skin cancer, talking about their feelings and concerns helps. Your friends and family members can be very supportive. They may be hesitant to offer support until they see how you are coping. Don't wait for them to bring it up. If you want to talk about your concerns, let them know. Some people don't want to "burden" their loved ones, or prefer talking about their concerns with a more neutral professional. A social worker, counselor, or member of the clergy can be helpful. Your dermatologist or oncologist should be able to recommend someone. |
3dbd8d1395a3971c1d087ff038299a06 | What are the symptoms of skin cancer? | Skin cancer symptoms depend on the type of skin cancer that has developed. |
fe2f4778d06961b52b9c8565b7b10f5a | How can you prevent skin cancer? | You can reduce your risk of getting skin cancer by following these guidelines: Limit sun exposure. Attempt to avoid the sun's intense rays between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. Apply sunscreen every day. Use a sunscreen with sun protection factor ( SPF) of at least 30 both before and every 60 to 80 minutes during outdoor exposure. Select products that filter both UVA and UVB light. The label will tell you. If you are likely to sunburn, wear a long-sleeved shirt, pants and a wide-brimmed hat. Avoid artificial tanning booths. Conduct monthly self-exams. |
6121f5d1fbe20d556ab492da75e82e57 | How do you know if you have a cancerous melanoma related to skin cancer? | The majority of malignant or cancerous melanomas are brown-to-black pigmented lesions. Other signs of a cancerous melanoma include: A change in size, shape, color, or elevation of a mole The appearance of a new mole during adulthood, or new pain, itching, ulceration, or bleeding of an existing mole The following easy-to-remember guideline, " ABCDE," is useful for identifying malignant melanoma: Asymmetry -- One side of the lesion does not look like the other. |
48376e277998fce3abb752d48f5ddc27 | How can you tell if you have skin cancer? | Skin Self- Exams Monthly skin self-exams improve your chances of finding a skin cancer early, when it has done a minimum of damage to your skin and can be treated easily. Regular self-exams help you recognize any new or changing features. The best time to do a self-exam is right after a shower or bath. Do the self-exam in a bright room; use a full-length mirror and a hand-held mirror. Learn where your moles, birthmarks, and blemishes are, and what they look like. Each time you do a self-exam, check these areas for changes in size, texture, and color, and for ulceration. If you notice any changes, call your primary care provider or dermatologist. |
27cfee64d11f0d3da093d7f344c422df | How do you know if you have a malignant melanoma related to skin cancer? | Other signs of a cancerous melanoma include: A change in size, shape, color, or elevation of a mole The appearance of a new mole during adulthood, or new pain, itching, ulceration, or bleeding of an existing mole The following easy-to-remember guideline, " ABCDE," is useful for identifying malignant melanoma: Asymmetry -- One side of the lesion does not look like the other. Border irregularity -- Margins may be notched or irregular. Color -- Melanomas are often a mixture of black, tan, brown, blue, red, or white. Diameter -- Cancerous lesions can be larger than 6 mm across (about the size of a pencil eraser), although with early detection they will not reach this size. Evolution -- has a mole changed over time? |
2d91ef432f00653a40c57bb8f33f8888 | Where can you get more information on skin cancer? | The American Cancer Society also has information about support groups throughout the U. S. National Cancer Institute, Cancer Information Service ( CIS) Toll-free: (800) 4- CANCER (800) 422-6237 TTY (for deaf and hard of hearing callers): (800) 332-8615 Skin Cancer Foundation 255 Lexington Avenue, 11th Floor New York, NY 10016 (212)754-5176 www.skincancer.org For information about clinical trials in skin cancer treatment, visit the National Institute of Health's Clinical Trials database. |
90e32a75b79df856c103418b2b113285 | What should doctors check for when looking for skin cancer? | Have your primary health care provider or a dermatologist check any moles or spots that concern you. See your health care provider to check your skin if you notice any changes in the size, shape, color, or texture of pigmented areas (such as darker or a change in areas of skin or moles). |
d4d373c9b299129630583b234b73e4ed | What tests do you need if you have malignant melanoma? | If a biopsy shows that you have malignant melanoma, you may undergo further testing to determine the extent of spread of the disease, if any. This may involve blood tests, a chest X-ray, and other tests as needed. |
b993b2aa757f7c581e57dff16c3c7ae3 | What do you need to know about skin cancers? | Here are the basics on skin cancers: The vast majority of skin cancers are basal cell carcinomas and squamous cells carcinomas. While malignant, these are unlikely to spread to other parts of the body. They may be locally disfiguring if not treated early. A small but significant number of skin cancers are malignant melanomas. Malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive cancer that tends to spread to other parts of the body. These cancers may be fatal if not treated early. |
71cf417feec7331d7c34202eadde2c4f | How common is skin cancer? | Almost 91,300 people are expected to be diagnosed with melanoma in the U. S. in 2018, and an estimated 12,000 people will die from some form of skin cancer the same year. |
278014c76f7902fc95319a9bb35e02cb | What does a squamous cell carcinoma look like? | A squamous cell carcinoma ( SCC) is commonly a well-defined, red, scaling, thickened bump on sun-exposed skin. It may ulcerate and bleed, and left untreated, may develop into a large mass. |
e631e7d755009b1f329a58d829bafc6c | What happens after a biopsy shows you have a malignant melanoma? | If a biopsy shows that you have malignant melanoma, you may undergo further testing to determine the extent of spread of the disease, if any. This may involve blood tests, a chest X-ray, and other tests as needed. This is only needed if the melanoma is of a certain size. |
0f294b5913c250894e6077dd83fb41d6 | How can you identify a cancerous melanoma? | Other signs of a cancerous melanoma include: A change in size, shape, color, or elevation of a mole The appearance of a new mole during adulthood, or new pain, itching, ulceration, or bleeding of an existing mole The following easy-to-remember guideline, " ABCDE," is useful for identifying malignant melanoma: Asymmetry -- One side of the lesion does not look like the other. Border irregularity -- Margins may be notched or irregular. Color -- Melanomas are often a mixture of black, tan, brown, blue, red, or white. Diameter -- Cancerous lesions can be larger than 6 mm across (about the size of a pencil eraser), although with early detection they will not reach this size. Evolution -- has a mole changed over time? |
69c9776ebb132e42a322b953eb143930 | What is the outcome of malignant melanoma related to skin cancer? | In most cases, the outcome of malignant melanoma depends on the thickness of the tumor at the time of treatment. Thin lesions are almost always cured by simple surgery alone. Thicker tumors, which usually have been present for some time but have gone undetected, may spread to other organs. Surgery removes the tumor and any local spread, but it cannot remove distant metastasis. Other therapies, such as radiation therapy, immunotherapy or chemotherapy, are used to treat the metastatic tumors. |
aeaae82c956d2779b1f2dd1ce60b8d22 | What are skin cancer web links? | The American Cancer Society also has information about support groups throughout the U. S. National Cancer Institute, Cancer Information Service ( CIS) Toll-free: (800) 4- CANCER (800) 422-6237 TTY (for deaf and hard of hearing callers): (800) 332-8615 Skin Cancer Foundation 255 Lexington Avenue, 11th Floor New York, NY 10016 (212)754-5176 www.skincancer.org For information about clinical trials in skin cancer treatment, visit the National Institute of Health's Clinical Trials database. For other valuable information, visit the following Web sites: American Academy of Dermatology American Cancer Society National Cancer Institute Media file 1: Skin cancer. |
44e0f2ccf8da209eaecdd67405b155aa | What do you need to know about cancer? | Here are the cancer basics: As the cells multiply, they form a mass called a tumor. Tumors are cancerous only if they are malignant. This means that they encroach on and invade neighboring tissues (especially lymph nodes) because of their uncontrolled growth. Tumors may also travel to remote organs via the bloodstream. This process of invading and spreading to other organs is called metastasis. Tumors overwhelm surrounding tissues by invading their space and taking the oxygen and nutrients they need to survive and function. |
6a40cbd93ab4afb586f8fd762fa25124 | What does medical treatment for skin cancer entail? | Surgical removal is the mainstay of skin cancer treatment for both basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas. |
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