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f3a6664f09dd478c0f432720e177369d | How are chest X-rays used to test for cervical cancer? | A chest X-ray will look to see if cancer has spread to your lungs. |
d1a160acd1b57c22a37a581e91c9cf52 | What is stage 0 cervical cancer? | Cancer is only on the surface of the cervix and have not grown into deeper tissues. |
7d10c12425d9d00c022c72e0a4d5be86 | What happens during a colposcopy? | During this test, your doctor will use an instrument called a colposcope, which looks a lot like a microscope, to get an up close look at your cervix. You'll lie on an exam table and she'll use a speculum to keep your vagina open. Next she'll rub a solution of acetic acid (similar to vinegar) on your cervix. This liquid helps her see any abnormal cells. It might burn a little. |
d2388cc1ee242a86e1ba76230b50c400 | What is stage I cervical cancer? | The cancer has grown into the cervix and may be growing into the body of the uterus. It may also have spread to nearby lymph nodes but has not spread distantly. |
2ded0df6b24326fdd032712e6948732a | How is a Pap test done? | Your gynecologist will perform a Pap test during your routine pelvic exam. It's quick and painless. You lie on an exam table and your doctor will use a speculum to keep your vagina open. It also lets her see your cervix. Next, she'll use a small brush to swab some cells from your cervix. The cells are sent a lab where they're checked for signs of cancer. |
a837ebb71a4402c09296753e0f597b1a | Is cervical cancer treatable? | But if you're diagnosed with cervical cancer, know it's very treatable when your doctor finds it early. It's also one of the most preventable cancers in women because of available screenings and vaccinations. |
bdf54443bf5d800fbe2adb0c3f9ca4de | What tests do doctors use once you've been diagnosed with cervical cancer? | If your biopsy shows you have cervical cancer, the next step is to see if it has spread, and where. Your doctor might order one or more of these tests: Cystoscopy and proctoscopy. These tests both use a lighted tube to see if the cancer has spread into your bladder and rectum. CT scan. This powerful X-ray can show your doctor if your cancer has spread to your lymph nodes, liver, lungs, or other parts of your body. MRI. Your doctor might use an MRI to get very detailed images of inside your body. An MRI can find cancer that has spread to your pelvis, brain, or spinal cord. Chest X-ray. A chest X-ray will look to see if cancer has spread to your lungs. Positron emission tomography ( PET). Your doctor might order a PET scan if she thinks your cancer has spread but isn't sure where. It uses a type of radioactive sugar that cancer cells absorb. A special camera can spot the cells that have absorbed the sugar. |
c3b7bacef820c594b97bf8e4415f5f67 | What are symptoms of cervical cancer? | Most women in the early stages of cervical cancer don't have any symptoms. If you do have symptoms, you might notice: Abnormal bleeding (between periods, after sex, or after menopause) Heavier than normal periods Pain during sex Unusual vaginal discharge that might contain blood These symptoms do not necessarily mean you have cancer. |
dd7ab4a52e40878c554217bc6e6c20b3 | What should you expect in a screening test for cervical cancer? | It's quick and painless. You lie on an exam table and your doctor will use a speculum to keep your vagina open. It also lets her see your cervix. Next, she'll use a small brush to swab some cells from your cervix. The cells are sent a lab where they're checked for signs of cancer. That's why Pap and HPV screening tests are so important. If you have an abnormal Pap test and other symptoms of cervical cancer, your gynecologist will want find out more about your medical history and your family's. |
4a375a9311d4dd3dceab49a5e0500d3d | What do different stages of cervical cancer mean? | After all of the tests results are back, your doctor will use them to determine if and how far your cancer has spread, which will show them what stage it is in. Staging classifies the cancer by how much is in your body and where it has spread when it's diagnosed. Knowing the stage can help your medical team plan the right treatment for you. Stages of cervical cancer are: Stage 0. Cancer is only on the surface of the cervix and have not grown into deeper tissues. Stage I. The cancer has grown into the cervix and may be growing into the body of the uterus. It may also have spread to nearby lymph nodes but has not spread distantly. Stage II. The cancer has spread outside of the cervix and uterus. It may have reached the upper part of the vagina. The cancer has spread to the lower part of the vagina or the walls of the pelvis. The cancer has spread to other parts of the body, like the bladder, rectum, lungs, liver, or distant lymph nodes. |
528cd3aca8e6d947b0ce118e72fcc039 | How is a colposcopy used to diagnose cervical cancer? | You'll lie on an exam table and she'll use a speculum to keep your vagina open. Next she'll rub a solution of acetic acid (similar to vinegar) on your cervix. This liquid helps her see any abnormal cells. It might burn a little. Your doctor might use an MRI to get very detailed images of inside your body. |
7e266ac3e51291bfaf59fcd6f1550680 | Who needs to be screened for cervical cancer? | It can be scary to learn that you have cancer. The most important step to find precancerous cervical cells is getting screened. Tests can pick up changes in cervical cells before they become cancer. Most women ages 21 to 65 need to be screened for cervical cancer with a Pap test every 3 years. If you have an abnormal Pap test and other symptoms of cervical cancer, your gynecologist will want find out more about your medical history and your family's. |
debf878aa15ea08029c387b8506cfe4d | How often should women be screened for cervical cancer? | It can be scary to learn that you have cancer. Most women ages 21 to 65 need to be screened for cervical cancer with a Pap test every 3 years. If you have an abnormal Pap test and other symptoms of cervical cancer, your gynecologist will want find out more about your medical history and your family's. |
59ca8e2f0f703df36d77f0dc368a907e | Will my cancer stage change? | This powerful X-ray can show your doctor if your cancer has spread to your lymph nodes, liver, lungs, or other parts of your body. Staging classifies the cancer by how much is in your body and where it has spread when it's diagnosed. |
7e8db5ee825d0dab7f53cf116dc6af9d | How can I practice deep breathing? | Sit in a chair with your feet flat on the floor. Then close your eyes and focus on your breathing. Inhale slowly and deeply through your nose, filling up your lungs. Hold for a few seconds. Exhale slowly through your mouth. Let all the air out of your lungs like you're letting air out of a balloon. Repeat many times. |
d857aae48fcb8bbccc811f80b17059b7 | How can hobbies help alleviate stress for people with diabetes? | Fight stress by forgetting about it. Lose yourself in a favorite pastime. Do something that relaxes you, like reading or painting. |
02cdc715bc9eaf4c7a194096191f42f5 | How can exercise help alleviate stress for people with diabetes? | Exercise. Think about what kinds of exercise help you relieve stress. For some people, running and hard-hitting sports push away their worries. For others, taking a quiet walk or a bike ride is calming. Exercise doesn't just help you fight stress. It can lower your blood pressure and help you lose any extra pounds. Talk with your doctor before you start a new exercise program. Ask what type of exercise might be best for you. |
bc4ab374a5230bec2af84ff474921de9 | Can stress affect my diabetes? | Manage Diabetes With Stress Reduction If you try different relaxation methods you can learn how to ease and prevent stress. That can help you take care of your health. Stress hormones can raise your blood sugar. When you can take care of stress, you can lower your blood sugar. Plus, with less stress you can have the energy you need to eat right, exercise, and check your blood sugar. Having ways to bust stress can also help you sleep better. |
3534b74b9d0d0bb4db1f541b946e5fe5 | How can yoga help alleviate stress for people with diabetes? | Slowly relax into a downward dog pose or a warrior's pose. This forces you to focus on your breathing, stretching, and how you place your body. It loosens tight muscles and turns your thoughts away from the stresses in your life. Consider taking a yoga class at a gym or a local community center. Or, do a yoga routine through an active video game on a system like the Wii. If you don't have time for a full class, even 5 or 10 minutes of yoga posing or breathing can help ease stress. |
92f360021d86a0c1a2d1ef402242e551 | When should I seek medical care for what might be an adhesion? | See a doctor any time you experience abdominal pain, pelvic pain, or unexplained fever. If you have undergone surgery or have a history of medical illness, discuss any changes in your recovery or condition with your doctor. Call 911 and go to the nearest emergency department if chest pain occurs. |
566bb4c10aaf5ecb8b04e34838f02972 | What causes adhesions? | The tissue develops when the body's repair mechanisms respond to any tissue disturbance, such as surgery, infection, trauma, or radiation. This normal response can occur after surgery, infection, trauma, or radiation. Repair cells within the body cannot tell the difference between one organ and another. If an organ undergoes repair and comes into contact with another part of itself, or another organ, scar tissue may form to connect the 2 surfaces. |
37775a40233cb420d15866f923791f23 | What surgeries help treat adhesions? | Abdominal adhesions: Abdominal adhesions are a common complication of surgery, occurring in up to 93% of people who undergo abdominal or pelvic surgery. With laparoscopy, a doctor places a camera into your body through a small hole in the skin to confirm that adhesions exist. The adhesions then are cut and released (adhesiolysis). In laparotomy, a doctor makes a larger incision to directly see adhesions and treat them. The technique varies depending on specific circumstances. |
f685b2001b2679d2c6b6c5508fb99f3f | How can you recognize mania in bipolar disorder? | If you have bipolar disorder and are having a manic episode, you might be very energetic, get very little sleep because you're so wired, and find yourself talking faster because your thoughts are racing. You might feel like the world's best multitasker. You might also take risks that you normally wouldn't take. Examples could include going on a spending spree or driving recklessly. Sometimes this kind of behavior is easy to spot, but not always. That's especially true if you have a milder form of a high, called hypomania. You might feel good, be happy that you're extra energetic, and think that you're just being productive. Friends and family members may be better able to notice that you're acting out of character. |
ad55e495d1d9fc6148e8cf3b8ea8a1fb | What conditions can contribute to memory loss? | In most cases, there's no great cause for worry. Just because you lose your keys or forget someone's name doesn't mean you have Alzheimer's. You could have memory loss due to the normal aging process. Conditions that contribute to memory loss include: Depression Medication side effects Alcohol abuse Not enough vitamin B12 or a low thyroid level Stress and worry of any kind, such as from the death of a spouse or loved one, or from retirement Illness One symptom of more serious memory loss is that you're not aware there's a problem. |
44e968d0982647dac713e5dbe5f033c3 | What is one symptom of more serious memory loss? | Conditions that contribute to memory loss include: Depression Medication side effects Alcohol abuse Not enough vitamin B12 or a low thyroid level Stress and worry of any kind, such as from the death of a spouse or loved one, or from retirement Illness One symptom of more serious memory loss is that you're not aware there's a problem. Family members might seem more worried than you are. If loved ones are talking to you about your memory, take their concerns to heart and see a doctor. |
22f58bc9c945a7f4f307485a04863999 | What can you do if you tend to forget? | Play word games or do crossword puzzles. Just because you lose your keys or forget someone's name doesn't mean you have Alzheimer's. You could have memory loss due to the normal aging process. Cause for concern: You find yourself in a place and don't know how you got there. Normal: You have age-related vision changes. |
f2a4cd72be1e878c5ad1b214017bbc27 | How can exposure and response prevention (ERP) help with treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)? | Exposure and response prevention ( ERP). This is a specific form of CBT. As the name suggests, you'll be exposed to the things that trigger your anxiety, a little at a time. You'll learn new ways to respond to them in place of your repetitive rituals. ERP is a process you may do one-on-one with your mental health professional or in group therapy, either by yourself or with your family there. |
f37d266402b0096db9876831ad86203c | What medications can help with treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)? | The first step is to see your doctor. Your doctor may have you try clomipramine ( Anafranil), fluoxetine ( Prozac), fluvoxamine ( Luvox), paroxetine ( Paxil), sertraline ( Zoloft), or another antidepressant, depending on your age, health, and symptoms. It can take a couple of months for OCD drugs to start to work. They also can give you side effects, like dry mouth, nausea, and thoughts of suicide. Call your doctor or 911 right away if you have thoughts about killing yourself. |
12f4c100a014ad99ea5685a4c04a2f65 | What are treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)? | An exam will show if your symptoms are the result of a physical issue. If they're not, your doctor can recommend a mental illness specialist, like a psychologist, psychiatrist, or social worker, who can create a plan for you. For many people, combining talk therapy and medication works best. OCD has a cycle: obsessions, anxiety, compulsions, and relief. CBT, a type of psychotherapy, gives you tools to think, act, and react to your unhealthy thoughts and habits. Your treatment goals for OCD are to retrain you brain and to control your symptoms with the least amount of medication possible. |
529210b170ea3438cf685375cfc618cc | What happens when you get a cortisone injection? | The doctor, nurse, or other health professional will use an alcohol or iodine-based cleaning solution to clean the area of your skin where you'll get the shot. After that, they will put a numbing lotion or spray on that spot. Then you'll get the shot. Afterward, you'll wear a bandage over the injection site. If the shot is going into a joint that has too much fluid, your doctor will first use a separate syringe and needle to draw out the extra fluid. |
84e16209946dc16238faa7cee0920fc1 | What are the long-term side effects of cortisone shots? | Long-term side effects depend on the dose and how often you get this treatment. With higher doses and frequent shots, potential side effects include: Thinning of the skin Easy bruising Weight gain Puffiness of the face Higher blood pressure Cataract formation Thinning of the bones (osteoporosis) Rare but serious damage to the bones of the large joints (called âavascular necrosisâ). |
38a257c35f076930ee8fdb776340f1dd | How can I get more protein after getting breast cancer surgery? | Your body needs more of it than usual after your operation. It needs it to repair cells, fight infection, and heal incisions. Here's what you can do to get more: Add protein powder or dry milk to meals. Add grated cheese to vegetables, potatoes, rice, and salads. Eat high-protein snacks such as almonds, peanuts, and cheese. Right after surgery, boost your protein without worrying about calories. It will help you heal and get your strength back. If you need to lose weight, you can focus on that later. |
1ebdee2889b0e11e3d2d458561fedbf5 | What are common symptoms after breast cancer surgery? | Nausea and vomiting are common after surgery, and you're even more likely to have these symptoms if you've also had chemotherapy or radiation. Other symptoms include a loss of appetite or desire to eat, and "wasting syndrome," when your body wastes away from lack of nutrition. It's often accompanied by weight loss and weakness. |
2a1b17ee8a4dbc23fb1ac883368d63c9 | Why is lycopene necessary after breast cancer surgery? | This is one type of antioxidant. It puts the red in tomatoes and the pink in pink grapefruit. It might help fight breast cancer. |
488bf875acf891aa2031379ef1f46ac6 | Why is exercise necessary after breast cancer surgery? | A good cardio workout improves your self-esteem, mood, and health. And after breast cancer surgery, you'll need to be active. Being overweight is linked to breast cancer coming back. Losing extra pounds through exercise may help you restore your health and improve your chances of avoiding more cancer. Fatigue often lingers after surgery. It may be worse if you've also had chemotherapy and radiation. Exercise can boost your energy. Most experts say some form of regular exercise is good, even if you start with short walks around the block. |
0f58d6374f0c32d55da8d0f3bb040d6d | Why is soy necessary after breast cancer surgery? | These are nutrients similar to the estrogen in your body. Sources of them include soybeans (edamame), tofu, soy milk, and miso soup. Some researchers think they can help protect against the kind of breast cancer that needs estrogen for its growth, but others don't. Ask your doctor whether eating one to three servings of soy a day would help you. It's possible it may interfere with hormone therapy or some other treatment. |
aeaf74af6144654a31e2f722b474003e | What are some dietary guidelines to follow after breast cancer surgery? | Eat low-fat protein, such as roasted chicken and baked fish, rather than steak, sausages, or other high-fat meats. Try to have five servings of a wide variety of vegetables and fruits each day. Avoid processed meats linked to cancer. These include bacon, bologna, hot dogs, ham, and smoked meats. Choose whole-grain bread and brown rice, rather than white bread and white rice. Cut back on alcohol. Limit yourself to one drink a day if you're a woman or two if you're a man. Talk to your doctor about any diet changes you're making, especially when recovering from surgery or when getting chemotherapy. You don't want to starve your body of important nutrients that it needs to recover. |
c1dbad678dde79e9181b246877384307 | Why are antioxidants necessary after breast cancer surgery? | Many vegetables, fruits, nuts, and other foods have them. Good choices include broccoli, liver, carrots, blueberries, and mangoes. Antioxidants protect your cells from damage. Dietitians say you should eat a balanced diet with a variety of fresh foods to get them. It's better for you than taking supplements. |
2f11d44fc9012a30be531bb21fc8249f | How often should someone exercise after breast cancer surgery? | Aim to get 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week -- unless your doctor says not to. Go slowly and safely in the months after your surgery. |
bd82d55fb88aebe37fc513e1efd76fef | How do soy help patients recover from breast cancer surgery? | Soybeans contain phytoestrogens. These are nutrients similar to the estrogen in your body. Sources of them include soybeans (edamame), tofu, soy milk, and miso soup. Some researchers think they can help protect against the kind of breast cancer that needs estrogen for its growth, but others don't. Ask your doctor whether eating one to three servings of soy a day would help you. It's possible it may interfere with hormone therapy or some other treatment. |
c3f290dd32e45c9bec2c07091b1ca5b8 | How can beta-carotene help with recover from breast cancer surgery? | Carrots, apricots, yams, and other vegetables and fruits get their orange color from beta-carotene. Eating foods that have a lot of it may lower the risk of breast cancer returning, some studies suggest. |
0fb029bd0c2c63cfb229f3795da8c22e | Why is protecting yourself necessary after breast cancer surgery? | For the first days and weeks after your surgery, you'll need to focus on protecting your incision and any other tender areas. Don't carry heavy things like children or groceries. |
624f74d768952d1d9a72a5b745ec2d77 | What's the best diet to follow after breast cancer surgery? | It will help you heal and get your strength back. Eat low-fat protein, such as roasted chicken and baked fish, rather than steak, sausages, or other high-fat meats. Avoid processed meats linked to cancer. These include bacon, bologna, hot dogs, ham, and smoked meats. Choose whole-grain bread and brown rice, rather than white bread and white rice. Cut back on alcohol. Limit yourself to one drink a day if you're a woman or two if you're a man. |
9faf68b778da619868e49e78cdf3bb30 | Which exercises are safe to do after breast cancer surgery? | This is one type of antioxidant. Or use a stationary bike so you can sit upright without leaning on your arms. Other exercises that don't require you to put weight on your arms include tai chi, qigong, and gentle yoga. Later, add more vigorous exercise that uses your arms more. You might opt to run, swim, cycle, hike, do more intense yoga, and other aerobic exercises. |
b99449ab8f77e223f10fd6b22d670d4c | Why are phytochemicals necessary after breast cancer surgery? | These are nutrients similar to the estrogen in your body. Being overweight is linked to breast cancer coming back. |
c616da9950dd90b510e10ba4c9673a1d | Which exercises are unsafe to do after breast cancer surgery if you have lymphedema? | Nausea and vomiting are common after surgery, and you're even more likely to have these symptoms if you've also had chemotherapy or radiation. This is one type of antioxidant. If you had a lumpectomy to remove a breast lump, or surgery to remove part of your breast (a partial mastectomy), you can get back to exercise fairly quickly with your doctor's OK. If you had surgery to remove the lymph nodes under your arm, you're at higher risk of swelling of the arm, called lymphedema. You'll need to protect your arm from injury, so you may need to avoid things like tennis, running, and some styles of yoga for some time. If you choose to have breast reconstruction, you may have several surgeries ahead of you. That may mean you'll have to put off exercise for longer. |
2d3b2659ed8bb6a77fb2eb0c1cb02665 | What is remission in migraines? | If you have them at least 15 days a month, you have chronic migraine. If you have fewer than 15 a month but more than one a year, you have occasional migraine. For some, these attacks can go into either partial or full remission: Partial remission happens when people with chronic migraine suddenly get fewer of them. If you have one 10 days or less a month instead of 15 days, your doctor may say your chronic migraine has gone into remission. Full remission happens when people with occasional migraine go an entire year without one. |
61413c4d51dfa587b09404b260b083c6 | What causes remission in migraines? | Doctors don't know why some people with migraines go into remission. But research shows that certain things can make it more likely: Age: The number of migraine attacks you have each month is likely to drop over time. This is true for people 40 and older. Among women, a drop in hormone levels after menopause may be a factor. Being a man: Men are less likely to have migraines overall. But men who get them are more likely than women to go into remission. Your reaction to touch: Some people who get migraines become so sensitive to touch during an attack that feeling their clothing against their skin or someone lightly brushing against their shoulder is uncomfortable or even painful. If this doesn't happen when you have a migraine, you're more likely to go into remission. Number of headaches per month: Studies show that if you have chronic migraine, you're more likely to go into partial remission if you have fewer attacks. That means closer to 15 a month than to 30. |
951ba9fcd6ecff4848b00634fa7455b5 | Are migraine remissions possible? | Doctors don't fully understand what causes migraines, so there's no step-by-step plan to make them stop. But it is possible to go into remission (stop having migraines). If you have them at least 15 days a month, you have chronic migraine. Your reaction to touch: Some people who get migraines become so sensitive to touch during an attack that feeling their clothing against their skin or someone lightly brushing against their shoulder is uncomfortable or even painful. |
646e1af290d0a3022bdfb11ae549758c | Can drugs for migraines lead to remission? | Doctors don't know why some people with migraines go into remission. So they can be useful in helping control migraines, even if they don't stop them. In the future, researchers may study whether any drugs can help lower the number of monthly attacks to the point of remission. |
efa599a2a7a485e52714711a9792945a | Why are blood clots bad? | Sometimes a clot gets loose and travels through a blood vessel. From there, it can move into your lung and get stuck. This is a pulmonary embolism, and it's an emergency. A clot can also lodge in the brain and cause a stroke. Or it can block a blood vessel in the heart and cause a heart attack. A blood clot can also form in the main blood vessel that leads to the liver. You get gout when cells turn over too quickly in your body -- like in PV. |
cd6c332bdeeb42441dcd4b8e560cc12d | What is an ankle brachial index test? | Two of the major blood vessels in your neck are your carotid arteries. High blood pressure is a major sign of heart disease risk. This test measures the blood pressure in your legs. It helps your doctor compare your blood pressure in both your legs and your arms. Your total score is the division of your ankle blood pressure reading by your arm blood pressure reading. |
b74f2808481cf5415f6743975f437d9a | Do statins always work to lower cholesterol? | They also can help protect you from heart attacks and strokes. But for some people who take them, they don't work well enough. If your statin doesn't help, don't worry. Your doctor can help you find other treatments. If you have it, statins may not be able to lower your levels enough. |
c4628144aff7ac81c790edb95abcbabd | What is informed consent in relation to clinical trials for arthritis? | Informed consent means that as a patient, you are given all available information so you can understand what is involved in a specific clinical trial. Ask the doctor or nurse to explain parts of the form or the trial that are not clear. You are free to decide whether or not you want to take part in the trial. If you choose not to participate in the trial, your care will not be affected in any way. Even if you sign the form, you are free to leave the trial at any time to receive other available treatments. After you agree to participate in a clinical trial, you will continue to receive any new information about your treatment that may affect your willingness to stay in the trial. |
a5a75adca2dc0a559c1c9f65cac2d172 | What happens during a clinical trial for arthritis treatment? | A clinical trial is a research study conducted with patients to evaluate a new arthritis treatment, drug, or device. The new treatments are considered to be at least as effective or possibly more effective than the standard. Only the treatments most likely to work are further evaluated in a small group of humans prior to applying them in a larger clinical trial. |
889651872970461650d515e36904d14d | What questions should you ask when you take a part in a clinical trial for arthritis? | How well does the treatment work? Here are some important questions to ask: What is the purpose of the clinical trial? What kinds of tests and treatments does the clinical trial involve? How are these tests given? What is likely to happen in my case with, or without, this new research treatment? Are there standard treatment options for my arthritis, and how does the study treatment compare with them? How could the clinical trial affect my daily life? What side effects can I expect from the clinical trial? ( Note: There can also be side effects from standard arthritis treatments and from the disease itself.) How long will the clinical trial last? Will the clinical trial require extra time on my part? Will I have to be hospitalized? If so, how often and for how long? If I agree to withdraw from the clinical trial, will my care be affected? Will I need to change doctors? |
9aae7bfb251eb015e0d337bbc055e692 | What are ways I could add probiotics to my diet? | You can buy them as tablets, capsules, powders, or liquids. Look for them in health food stores, grocery stores, drugstores, and online. You can also find probiotics in many foods. Yogurt is the most well-known source, but they're also in: Dairy foods like buttermilk, some soft cheeses, fermented milk, and kefir Soy drinks and products like miso and tempeh Kimchi, sauerkraut, and many pickles Many types of bacteria are probiotics. If you go with a supplement, know that the FDA regulates these products but treats them like foods and not medications. If you're in doubt, ask your doctor. |
bcfaaccf15967988e6ab766adcb9f4b8 | How do I take a probiotic? | Here are some things you should be able to find on the label: The genus, species, and strain of the probiotic ( Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, for example) The number of organisms that will be alive by the use-by date The dose The company name and contact information If you can't find this on the label, you may be able to find it on the company's website. If you're in doubt, ask your doctor. Probiotic-rich foods, like yogurt, can become a part of a healthy diet, too. |
74b0ecc3f171fe8f05d860066e8f7a9a | Why is it important to read the label of probiotics? | If you choose yogurt or another dairy food, look on the label for the phrase "contains live active cultures" or "contains probiotics." Not all yogurts have them. If you go with a supplement, know that the FDA regulates these products but treats them like foods and not medications. Unlike drug manufacturers, supplement makers don't have to show their products are safe or effective to sell them. That's why it's key to get as much info as you can before you buy. Here are some things you should be able to find on the label: The genus, species, and strain of the probiotic ( Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, for example) The number of organisms that will be alive by the use-by date The dose The company name and contact information If you can't find this on the label, you may be able to find it on the company's website. |
99a630db4f3a7afe22ab84393fa0d022 | What are alternative medicines for thyroid problems? | Some people try other therapies to cleanse the body, restore immune function, and balance the production and release of hormones. While they may help with the stress associated with thyroid disease, there are no good studies showing that these therapies are effective for treating thyroid disorders. |
d98de6dc0cca5fce0a1bc8ceabc16075 | What is computer vision syndrome (CVS)? | That can put a real strain on your eyes. Eye problems caused by computer use fall under the heading computer vision syndrome ( CVS). It isn't one specific problem. Instead, it includes a whole range of eye strain and discomfort. Research shows that between 50% and 90% of people who work at a computer screen have at least some symptoms. All these jobs require a lot of effort from your eye muscles. |
266a660d87d631496644a5e2c3ab9aca | How can you rearrange your desk to treat computer vision syndrome (CVS)? | You shouldn't have to stretch your neck or strain your eyes to see what's on the screen. Put a stand next to your monitor and place any printed materials you're working from on it. That way, you won't have to look up at the screen and back down at the desk while you type. Look away from the screen every 20 minutes or so and look at something around 20 feet away for about 20 seconds. |
757991fe9b1c184dc6286369b0fafcbc | What is computer vision syndrome? | That can put a real strain on your eyes. Eye problems caused by computer use fall under the heading computer vision syndrome ( CVS). It isn't one specific problem. Instead, it includes a whole range of eye strain and discomfort. Research shows that between 50% and 90% of people who work at a computer screen have at least some symptoms. All these jobs require a lot of effort from your eye muscles. |
4404844dba78db2131583e6a768000dd | How do cough and cold medications worsen high blood pressure? | Many cough and cold medications contain NSAIDs to relieve pain. Decongestants can make blood pressure worse in two ways: Decongestants may make your blood pressure and heart rate rise. Avoid using cough and cold medicine that contains NSAIDs or decongestants. Ask your doctor for suggestions about other ways to ease symptoms of cold, flu, or sinus problems. |
82199c452a77c2b5cfd89464d72e14f8 | What are tips to avoid blood pressure problems from medication? | If you have high blood pressure to begin with, it can rise to dangerous levels. NSAIDs -- nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs -- include both prescription and over-the-counter varieties. Read medication labels before buying over-the-counter preparations. Make sure the medicine doesn't contain ingredients that could make your high blood pressure worse, such as NSAIDs or decongestants. Talk to your doctor before using any over-the-counter medication, herbal preparation, vitamins, or other nutritional supplements. Ask for alternatives to potentially harmful medicines. |
418b9ed8a2671aa423156d2d85f51fe2 | How do weight loss drugs worsen high blood pressure? | Some drugs can make blood pressure rise. Decongestants can make blood pressure worse in two ways: Decongestants may make your blood pressure and heart rate rise. When the blood pressure rises, it can put more stress on your heart. Before using any weight loss drug, whether prescription or over-the-counter, be sure to check with your doctor. These medications may do you more harm than good. |
fa71a3d13855b50a2eefe66192c5acc0 | When is emergency surgery required to treat peritonitis? | Because peritonitis can rapidly lead to potentially fatal complications such as sepsis and septic shock, which causes a massive drop in blood pressure, organ failure, and death, it's essential to receive a quick diagnosis followed by appropriate treatment. In many cases, emergency surgery is required, especially if peritonitis has been caused by conditions such as appendicitis, a perforated stomach ulcer, or diverticulitis. Infected tissue such as a burst appendix or abscess will be surgically removed. |
bdabd668ca89dfbfb80e99c04fcd6f0e | What is the treatment for peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis? | Typically, you'll immediately start receiving intravenous antibiotics or antifungal medications to treat the infection. Until the peritonitis is cured, you will need to use another method of dialysis, such as hemodialysis. |
c5cc8ef9ef59ec6cf02a7713230e4d46 | How will my doctor diagnose peritonitis? | Diagnostic tests for peritonitis may include: Blood and urine tests Imaging studies such as X-rays and computerized tomography ( CT) scans Exploratory surgery Your doctor also may perform a paracentesis, a procedure in which fluid from the abdominal cavity is withdrawn through a thin needle and checked for infection. Paracentesis is useful for identifying primary spontaneous peritonitis and secondary peritonitis caused by pancreatitis. If you're receiving peritoneal dialysis, you can lower your risk of peritonitis by following these tips: Thoroughly wash your hands, including the areas between your fingers and under your fingernails, before touching the catheter. |
4eedc580b62088b59c8f6268324e06a0 | How can you stop prediabetes in its tracks? | Making lifestyle changes may be even more powerful than just taking medication. Start by making these three changes. Research shows that shedding just 5% to 10% of your body weight is often enough to get blood sugar levels back into the normal range and avoid diabetes or at least delay its onset. Plus, do some strength-training exercise, like lifting weights or using resistance bands, at least twice a week. |
3127ac633187c04a151b4150844ea3b0 | How can estrogen contribute to the development of osteoporosis? | For instance, a decrease in estrogen at menopause is one cause. This can happen with natural menopause or an early surgical menopause if you have your ovaries removed. During the first five to 10 years after menopause, women can lose about 2.5% of bone density each year. That means they can lose as much as 25% of their bone density during that time. Accelerated bone loss after menopause is a major cause of osteoporosis in women. |
c308fa4aa086fbc28e22b79f948b472c | How can menopause increase your risk for osteoporosis? | Then, for several years, the breakdown of bone occurs at a much greater pace than the building of new bone. This is the process that eventually causes osteoporosis. During this time, even though your bones may still be strong enough to prevent unusual fractures and you have no signs to alert you to the disease, bone loss may become detectable with a bone density test. During the first five to 10 years after menopause, women can lose about 2.5% of bone density each year. |
1cad560c2599d62fb266ec305540705b | What causes osteoporosis? | For instance, a decrease in estrogen at menopause is one cause. There is also a genetic component. If your mother or grandmother had osteoporosis, the chances are higher that you will develop it, too. Eating a diet that's low in calcium, getting little exercise, and smoking cigarettes can also increase your chances of getting osteoporosis. But there are many things you can do to prevent osteoporosis and avoid painful fractures. |
6f76ab1c8d6010a17a6554b0ba42563e | What are some alternative therapies to prevent migraines? | Clinical trials are under way to test drugs that block prostaglandins in people. After all, stress is the most common trigger. Studies show that people who learn to better deal with their worries actually start to have fewer migraines. Progressive muscle relaxation ( PMR): This relaxation technique helps stop your body's response to stress before it triggers a migraine. |
16f007cd13ad9f1205ed88e619b8a65b | What are some treatments that could prevent migraines? | When blood vessels in your brain get inflamed and swollen, it sets many other changes in motion. If you have frequent attacks, your doctor may prescribe a drug to reduce the number of migraines you have. Drugs used to prevent migraines include: Antidepressants: amitriptyline and venlafaxine ( Effexor) Anti-seizure drugs: gabapentin ( Neurontin), topiramate ( Qudexy XR, Topamax, Trokendi XR) and valproate ( Depakote) Beta-blockers: metoprolol, propranolol, and timolol CGRP Inhibitors: erenumab ( Aimovig), fremanezumab ( Ajovy), and galcanezumab-gnlm ( Emgality) Although they can offer help, some of these medications were made to treat other health problems. There are also several devices which can prevent migraines: Transcranial magnetic stimulation ( TMS): During this treatment, you'll hold a small device called Spring TMS to the back of your head. It sends a split-second pulse which interrupts abnormal electrical activity caused by migraine, thus aborts the migraine. Transcutaneous supraorbital nerve stimulation ( TSNS): Cefaly uses transcutaneous supraorbital nerve stimulation and is worn as a headband on the forehead and turned on daily for 20 minutes to prevent migraine from developing. Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulator (n VS): gamma Core is a n VS and works by being placed placed over the vagus nerve in the neck. It releases a mild electrical stimulation to the nerve's fibers to relieve pain. |
badce0c209bfbcd6428c77ddcf1acc88 | Can baths help you ease psoriasis symptoms? | Soak for about 15 minutes. This soothing brew helps remove scales and eases itch. Oatmeal baths can take the tickle out, too. After your bath, pat your skin dry and put on moisturizer right away. In China and elsewhere in Asia, it's widely used for psoriasis. |
89c013b1243c7e4182c4f4d45ec0e901 | How can heat help you ease psoriasis pain? | Lotions with salicylic, lactic, or glycolic acids can break up dead skins cells that build up on psoriasis plaques. The ingredient that makes chili peppers hot can ease pain. Ask your pharmacist for lotions and creams with pramoxine or menthol. That only makes it worse and can injure you skin, which makes it hurt even more. One recent study found that acupuncture therapies were simple, effective, and had few side effects. |
c0d89dd882a26e4232148099a77abc01 | Can acupuncture ease psoriasis symptoms? | Having some remedies on hand can soothe your sore skin when you need it the most. It's often used to treat pain. Some studies show acupuncture doesn't make a meaningful difference, while others find it helps. One recent study found that acupuncture therapies were simple, effective, and had few side effects. Run it by your doctor before you get acupuncture. So try to find ways to relax if you have it. |
5dc60cbd50770981005e7495cf484f1a | Why should you call your doctor about psoriasis pain? | That's a sign of an infection. It can spread and become much worse than a regular flare. You may need an antibiotic. Call her if your psoriasis gets worse, you're depressed, your skin is red all over, or your joints hurt. |
be4dbde65778e6a4d91b5ef783c9e7f5 | What types of infections can be treated with antibiotics? | The word antibiotic means âagainst life.â Any drug that kills germs in your body is technically an antibiotic. These are the types of infections that can be treated with antibiotics: Some ear and sinus infections Dental infections Skin infections Meningitis (swelling of the brain and spinal cord) Strep throat Bladder and kidney infections Bacterial pneumonias Whooping cough Only bacterial infections can be killed with antibiotics. |
589fee2b1a4f02e3f0e633c10af32fab | What will the results of an evoked potential test tell my doctor? | They can help doctors diagnose someone with MS because they can detect problems along some nerves that are too subtle to find through other exams. A doctor with special training in these tests will interpret the results. |
192ac353ee11c59fca05587ff75a5fb5 | How can magnesium help with migraines? | Researchers have tested magnesium supplements for treating and preventing migraines. So far, the results are mixed. If you want to try it, you should take about 400 milligrams each day. You have to take it for at least 3 months to know whether it works for you. It's found naturally in foods like: Meat Eggs Milk Green veggies Nuts Enriched flour And like many of the other B vitamins, it's also found in daily vitamin pills. Some research shows that those with chronic migraines have very low levels of melatonin. |
a0bdbf850f5965f2dd3d6fc4e4536a24 | How much feverfew should you take to help with migraines? | If you want to try it, you should take about 400 milligrams each day. You have to take it for at least 3 months to know whether it works for you. Don't take feverfew if you take an anticoagulant drug. |
c277f73e08710995f3b972f9cf4ce202 | Are there side effects of melatonin treatment for chronic migraines? | And that can cause problems. If you take an anticoagulant, an immunosuppressant, diabetes medications, or birth control pills, talk to your doctor since it can interact with these drugs. |
c91500aa4d15b28deef1707204e68e42 | How much riboflavin should I take to prevent migraines? | If you want to try it, you should take about 400 milligrams each day. Don't take more multivitamins to get that much riboflavin. You'd also be taking too much of everything else in that vitamin. And that can cause problems. Taking more than 400 milligrams every day probably won't do you more good. If you're taking antibiotics, specifically tetracycline antibiotics, riboflavin may interfere with them. |
37e24e7c5e0ee1dd1441ed3cae1b39b0 | How can coenzyme Q10 help with migraines? | Foods like liver, whole grains, and oily fish like salmon are the primary food sources for this vitamin. Some studies do show it may help prevent migraines. In one small study, people with migraines were given coenzyme Q10 each day. More than 60% of them had a 50% drop in the number of days they had a migraine. And if you take the anticoagulant warfarin, co Q10 may make it less effective. |
d3966e7f67fbc078de46c8df5e866548 | What do you need to know about knee replacement surgery? | You'll also have a physical exam so your surgeon can check out how your leg lines up and how much motion, strength, and stability you have in your knee. X-rays are a key tool. You also may get a blood test to rule out, or point to, other causes for your knee pain. They may talk about other treatment options like arthroscopic surgery, joint preservation procedures, or a partial knee replacement. |
1d53a97eb6aba871a34adce1a211472c | What causes cervical osteoarthritis (cervical spondylosis)? | With age, the discs of the cervical spine gradually break down, lose fluid, and become stiffer. As a result of the degeneration of discs and other cartilage, spurs or abnormal growths called osteophytes may form on the bones in the neck. These abnormal growths can cause narrowing of the interior of the spinal column or in the openings where spinal nerves exit, a related condition called cervical spinal stenosis. Cervical spondylosis most often causes neck pain and stiffness. But surgery is considered only when there is a severe loss of function. |
cf5d106541640b6dda0787bf70d30149 | When is surgery needed for cervical osteoarthritis (cervical spondylosis)? | Cervical spondylosis is also called cervical osteoarthritis. The doctor is also likely to test reflexes and the strength of hands and arms, check for loss of sensation, and watch you walk. But in most cases, it is not progressive. Surgery is required only in rare cases. The goal of surgery is to remove the source of pressure on the spinal cord and nerves. The surgery may also include adding stabilization in the form of implants or through fusion of the vertebrae. |
6de6ea7a85db944e26d0e6697b25b3b7 | What are the risk factors of cervical osteoarthritis (cervical spondylosis)? | Cervical spondylosis is also called cervical osteoarthritis. In most people older than age 50, the discs between the vertebrae become less spongy and provide less of a cushion. Bones and ligaments get thicker, encroaching on the space of the spinal canal. People in certain occupations or who perform specific activities -- such as gymnasts or other athletes -- may put more stress on their necks. You might also be referred to a neurologist. |
21b070d9b0573e442e7acb6f4464a558 | What are the symptoms of cervical osteoarthritis (cervical spondylosis)? | With age, the discs of the cervical spine gradually break down, lose fluid, and become stiffer. The symptoms of cervical spondylosis include: Neck stiffness and pain Headache that may originate in the neck Pain in the shoulder or arms Inability to fully turn the head or bend the neck, sometimes interfering with driving Grinding noise or sensation when the neck is turned Symptoms of cervical spondylosis tend to improve with rest. |
beb13b60361fe5f5caef4291522671d2 | What are the treatments for cervical osteoarthritis (cervical spondylosis)? | With age, the discs of the cervical spine gradually break down, lose fluid, and become stiffer. In most cases, cervical spondylosis treatments are conservative. They include: Rest Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs) or other non-narcotic products to relieve pain from inflammation Chiropractic manipulation that can help to control episodes of more severe pain Wearing a cervical collar to limit movement and provide support Other forms of physical therapy, including the application of heat and cold therapy, traction, or exercise Injecting drugs (corticosteroids and a local anesthetic) into the joints of the spine or the area surrounding the spine, known as epidural steroid injection or cervical facet joint injection Cervical spondylosis tends to be a chronic (long-term) condition. |
f2a14c62b0200382041ea4b33e751cd6 | How are tricyclic antidepressants used to treat ADHD? | The main kinds of these drugs used to treat ADHD are: Tricyclic antidepressants. Options include: Desipramine ( Norpramin, Pertofrane) Imipramine ( Tofranil) Nortriptyline ( Aventyl, Pamelor) Bupropion ( Wellbutrin) is a different type of antidepressant that is very effective in treating ADHD in adults and children. |
9ba689fc9f524e6805c1ce90c144f07c | What are the risks of using antidepressants for ADHD? | Suicidal thinking. Call your doctor with any problems or questions. |
91ee31f73f050eb31b592f82a07c8dd3 | What should I keep in mind if I am taking anti-depressant drugs to treat ADHD or giving them to my child? | It's best not to miss doses or patches, since this may cause the blood pressure to rise quickly, which may cause headaches and other symptoms. When taking one of these meds, be sure to tell your doctor if you: Are nursing, pregnant, or plan to become pregnant Take or plan to take any dietary supplements, herbal medicines, or nonprescription medications Have any medical problems now or have had any in the past including high blood pressure, seizures, heart disease and urinary problems Have a history of drug or alcohol abuse or dependency, or if you have had mental health problems, including depression, manic depression, or psychosis Get any depressive symptoms or feelings that you might harm yourself Start to have irregular heartbeats (heart palpitations) or fainting spells Keep these tips in mind if you take antidepressants or give them to your child: Always give the medication exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor with any problems or questions. Antidepressants usually take at least 2 to 4 weeks before you start to notice if they're working. You take most once or twice a day. |
45f87758bf15aaf770d81f7ccca86a78 | What should I keep in mind if I am taking high blood pressure drugs to treat ADHD? | When taking one of these meds for your ADHD, be sure to tell your doctor if you: Are nursing, pregnant, or plan to become pregnant Are taking or plan to take any dietary supplements, herbal medicines, or nonprescription medications Have any medical problems now or in the past, including low blood pressure, seizures, heart rhythm disturbances, and urinary problems Start having irregular heartbeats (heart palpitations) or fainting spells Also, keep these guidelines in mind: Always take or give the medication exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor about any problems or questions. Do not stop taking clonidine or guanfacine suddenly. This can cause an increase in blood pressure. These medications must be tapered off gradually. |
13da864664f8dd7f9c9850b00a94734e | How can clonidine (Kapvay) for ADHD be applied? | However, combining stimulants with one of these drugs is controversial, because there have been some deaths in children taking both stimulants and Catapres (a patch form of clonidine). But they can cause some unpleasant side effects, like dry mouth, constipation, or urinary problems. Antidepressants usually take at least 2 to 4 weeks before you start to notice if they're working. |
f4cec59d61f95d1e3ecf7ac27f7e910f | How can I reduce the side effects of clonidine? | You should probably not take atomoxetine ( Strattera) if you: Have been diagnosed with narrow angle glaucoma (a condition that causes pressure in the eyes and can lead to blindness) Use a depression drug called a monoamine oxidase inhibitor ( MAOI), like phenelzine ( Nardil) or tranylcypromine ( Parnate) Have an allergy to any of the ingredients in atomoxetine ( Strattera) Have jaundice or liver problems Don't take clonidine ( Kapvay) if you're allergic to it. But they can cause some unpleasant side effects, like dry mouth, constipation, or urinary problems. Antidepressants usually take at least 2 to 4 weeks before you start to notice if they're working. |
074357656fef8b0ec88a320976f5418a | Other than stimulants, what medications work for ADHD? | There are three main groups of nonstimulant medications for the condition: ADHD-specific nonstimulants. These were specifically created to treat the disorder and are FDA-approved for that. Blood pressure medications. Some of these have the same active ingredient as ADHD-specific nonstimulants. These can help against the disorder by working on chemicals in the brain. They're also helpful for people who have ADHD and depression, anxiety, or another mood disorder. |
5bf416c761f20a2a1655911974b2c1d9 | What can I do if my stimulant medications for ADHD aren't working? | They can cause bad side effects for some people. For others, they just don't work very well. If you're looking for other medications that work for the disorder, you've got several choices. Sometimes your doctor will add one of these medicines to the stimulant you take, or he might have you take one of the following by itself. They're sometimes the treatment of choice for children or adults who have ADHD and depression. |
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