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3e6e27acf732541b83f01212788d058c | What are the long term problems of oral steroids that treat uveitis? | They can include: Weight gain Acne Anxiety Mood changes Sleeplessness In the long term, they can cause more serious problems like: Osteoporosis Cataracts Glaucoma Diabetes Because of all this, you'll take the lowest dose you need, and only for as long as you have to. |
b3f38c6ad42654d82a12d57736226139 | What are the side effects of oral steroids that treat uveitis? | If you take steroid pills for a short time, you may have side effects. They can include: Weight gain Acne Anxiety Mood changes Sleeplessness In the long term, they can cause more serious problems like: Osteoporosis Cataracts Glaucoma Diabetes Because of all this, you'll take the lowest dose you need, and only for as long as you have to. |
479b7b0d352decf6affd954cb2c96a94 | What biologics can treat uveitis? | Biologics your doctor may prescribe include: Abatacept ( Orencia) Adalimumab ( Humira) Daclizumab ( Zinbryta) Infliximab ( Remicade) Rituximab ( Rituxan) These drugs can make it harder for you to fight off infections. They also may raise your chance of having certain types of cancer. |
21504e24df96ebf06d1596b0921ae898 | How do shots treat uveitis? | You may need these if your uveitis is in the middle or back of your eye, or if your eye drops don't work. The good news is that you may only need one shot. The bad news is that you'll get it in your eye, usually on the side. Your eye doctor can give you drops to numb the area so you don't feel the shot. |
2d455cb0f1f6c559bd54ece904ab2477 | How do pills treat uveitis? | If your uveitis doesn't respond to drops or shots, oral steroids are an option. They can also work if you have disease in the back of your eye. They're much stronger than other forms of steroids. Take your steroid pills for as long as your doctor says. Your dose will get smaller toward the end of your treatment. If the pills don't work, you'll probably try something else. |
a2c10e2666e91743533f0408b28bd703 | What can treatment for uveitis do? | Your treatment plan should include things to control your inflammation. Treatment can also: Ease eye pain Prevent the damage to your eyes from getting worse Help get back eyesight you've lost What your doctor will prescribe depends on what kind of uveitis you have, where it is in your eye, and if you have it in both eyes. If your first course doesn't work well, your doctor can switch you to something else. |
d6690f024938ebd33825585579eece10 | What can treat the symptoms of uveitis? | They won't treat the cause of your uveitis: Drugs for mild pain, like ibuprofen A warm towel over your eye to ease aches Sunglasses in bright or harsh light to cut glare |
0170fc5b19d64039beadb0fe03760f9e | How does a vitrectomy treat uveitis? | Your eye surgeon can take out part of the gel inside your eye, known as your vitreous humor. Air, gas, or liquid is pumped in to replace what your surgeon takes out, but your eye will eventually fill up the space with its own fluid. You can have this under either local or general anesthesia. |
9605ab47cfeb3be8d4824976cbb97971 | How does weight affect someone with diabetes getting pregnant? | At this appointment, you and the doctor will discuss: Your weight: Try to reach your ideal body weight before you get pregnant. If you have a few extra pounds, losing them will help prevent complications from diabetes. If you're underweight, adding pounds can make you less likely to deliver a low-birth-weight baby. |
0b58583c6188d4401ff13e6b428b6208 | Is blood sugar important during pregnancy? | Your blood sugar: The doctor will check to see if your blood sugar is in control. This is key, because you may not know you're pregnant until the baby has been growing for 2-4 weeks. High blood sugar during the first 13 weeks can cause birth defects, lead to miscarriage, and put you at risk for diabetes complications. |
13fc056f21f2540198ce2699279da33a | What are some lifestyle changes that need to happen before someone with diabetes gets pregnant? | Your lifestyle: If you smoke or drink alcohol, you'll need to stop. Smoking during pregnancy affects both you and the baby before, during, and after birth. When you smoke, the nicotine (the addictive substance in cigarettes), carbon monoxide, and other toxins travel through your bloodstream and go directly to your baby. These substances can: Deprive you and the baby of oxygen Raise the baby's heart rate Boost the chances of miscarriage and stillbirth Increase the odds of a premature, low-birth-weight baby Make the baby prone to future problems with the lungs or breathing Drinking alcohol during pregnancy can lead to a pattern of birth defects that includes intellectual disability and certain physical problems. No amount of alcohol is known to be safe while pregnant, and there's no safe time during pregnancy to drink. |
22bc783b95126a36af663678a8da60f3 | Why is drinking alcohol while pregnant bad? | These substances can: Deprive you and the baby of oxygen Raise the baby's heart rate Boost the chances of miscarriage and stillbirth Increase the odds of a premature, low-birth-weight baby Make the baby prone to future problems with the lungs or breathing Drinking alcohol during pregnancy can lead to a pattern of birth defects that includes intellectual disability and certain physical problems. No amount of alcohol is known to be safe while pregnant, and there's no safe time during pregnancy to drink. |
a6f42978ad98bb1ab6fe11d1ddc8c8da | How will diabetes medications change during pregnancy? | Your medications: You'll need more insulin during pregnancy, especially the last 3 months. The doctor will tell you how to adjust your dose. If you take diabetes pills, the doctor may switch you to insulin, because some of these drugs can harm the baby. So can some high blood pressure treatments used with diabetes. Bottom line: Discuss all medications you take with your doctor. |
b9f74ea68e1d0fb6e57a21aad5ed7c5d | What is preconception counseling? | At that visit, your doctor will: Order an A1 C test to find out if your diabetes is controlled well enough for you to stop using birth control Test your blood and urine for diabetes-related kidney complications Look for other problems linked with diabetes, like organ, nerve, or heart damage Take your blood pressure Rule out thyroid disease (if you have type 1 diabetes) Check your cholesterol and levels of a type of blood fat called triglycerides Suggest an eye exam to screen for glaucoma, cataracts, and retinopathy Recommend pre-conception counseling This is another important step for women with diabetes. This educational session will help you get physically and emotionally prepared -- and healthy -- for pregnancy. |
e80389060bf74dbde07514e0cc173791 | Are disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs safe or are there side effects? | The FDA has approved all DMARDs. Many people take them without ever having problems. But because they work throughout the body to fight RA, their powerful action typically does cause some side effects, commonly: Stomach upset. |
4a0f08466503a41176bf9d61c05c28f0 | What are the side effects of using hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) and sulfasalazine (Azulfidine) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | Hydroxychloroquine ( Plaquenil) and sulfasalazine ( Azulfidine) are used for mild rheumatoid arthritis. They are not as powerful as other DMARDs, but they usually cause fewer side effects. In rare cases, Plaquenil can adversely affect the eyes, and patients taking this medicine should be seen by an ophthalmologist at least once a year. |
69510fca52b8267f7818a0937e7d716c | How are the side effects of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) minimized? | To minimize side effects, DMARDs are sometimes started one at a time and increased gradually. The goal is to minimize both rheumatoid arthritis disease activity and medication side effects. It often takes more than one DMARD to get control of active rheumatoid arthritis. |
ed45e372a7d3ba4a54b3507a12f679fb | What are the effects of using disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | DMARDs slow down rheumatoid arthritis and improve quality of life for most people. Some will even achieve a remission while taking them. More commonly, the disease activity continues, but at a slower, less intense pace. While taking one or more DMARDs, you may have longer symptom-free periods, or flare ups that are less painful or stressful. Your joints may take less time to loosen up in the morning. At a check-up, your rheumatologist may end up telling you that your most recent X-rays are free of any new damage. Taking a DMARD regularly makes you less likely to have long-term damage to your joints, too. |
07b10bf0bccbeb66b380c234eca88bb7 | What is cyclosporine and how does it treat rheumatoid arthritis? | Cyclosporine ( Neoral ) is a powerful drug that often works well in slowing down joint damage. But because it can hurt the kidneys and has other potential side effects, it is usually used for severe RA after other drugs fail and is not in widespread use at this time. |
63126c21dd482c7b3354ccf3eb93eee7 | What are the side effects of azathioprine (Imuran) to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? | Azathioprine ( Imuran) is used for many different inflammatory conditions, including RA. The most common side effects are nausea and vomiting, sometimes with stomach pain and diarrhea. Long-term use of azathioprine is associated with an increased risk of cancer. |
27b9a3836fd482955419a43d3b938a3a | Do liver problems occur as a result of rheumatoid arthritis? | These are less common than stomach upset. Your doctor will check blood tests on a regular basis to make sure your liver is not being harmed. |
e57c1f030877d0631b4e9037a0e82b4f | What biologic drugs are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | Biologic drugs: abatacept ( Orencia), adalimumab ( Humira), anakinra ( Kineret), certolizumab ( Cimzia), etanercept ( Enbrel), etanercept-szzs ( Ereizi), golimumab ( Simponi, Simponi Aria), and infliximab ( Remicade). These are the newest drugs for RA and are either injected under the skin or given directly into a vein. They work by neutralizing one of the immune system's signals ( TNF) that lead to inflammation and joint damage. Rituximab ( Rituxan) and tocilizumab ( Actemra) are biologics, but do not block TNF. Rituxan target B cells and actemra affects IL-6. |
53d6f551ffbbbfedd3449f472d97f727 | What is azathioprine and how does it treat rheumatoid arthritis? | Azathioprine ( Imuran) is used for many different inflammatory conditions, including RA. The most common side effects are nausea and vomiting, sometimes with stomach pain and diarrhea. Long-term use of azathioprine is associated with an increased risk of cancer. |
902636e871c14a856230eaa8de1529d1 | What is minocycline and how does it treat rheumatoid arthritis? | Minocycline ( Minocin) is an antibiotic that is not often prescribed. But it may help RA by stopping inflammation. It can take several months to start working and up to a year before the full effects are known. When taken for long periods, minocycline can cause discoloration of the skin. |
275f79ab244fde34d4fae9cfcada1284 | What can you do to prevent viral pneumonia? | If your lungs are invaded with bacteria, you might also get some of the same symptoms as bacterial pneumonia, like: A wet, gunky cough that produces green, yellow, or bloody mucus Chills that make you shake Fatigue (feeling very tired) Low appetite Sharp or stabby chest pain, especially when you cough or take a deep breath Sweating a lot Fast breathing and heartbeat Blue lips and fingernails Confusion, especially if you're older You can do these things to help lower your odds of getting viral pneumonia: Get a flu shot every year. Wash your hands regularly, especially after you go to the bathroom and before you eat. Eat right, with plenty of fruits and vegetables. Exercise. Get enough sleep. Don't smoke. Stay away from people who are sick. Your doctor might be able to tell if you have viral pneumonia just by examining you and asking questions about your symptoms and general health. |
9f0b4164b1cdbeb4db20911dbea2a413 | How is viral pneumonia diagnosed? | Your doctor might be able to tell if you have viral pneumonia just by examining you and asking questions about your symptoms and general health. Chances are your doctor will listen to your lungs with a stethoscope. That's because certain sounds can mean fluid is in your lungs. But if your doctor isn't sure, you might have to get a chest X-ray. |
fc93815f6f1f327ff2e20580ae8b2147 | What is osteoarthritis? | Some of the more common types include: Osteoarthritis : This is the most common type of arthritis. It occurs when the cartilage covering the end of the bones gradually wears away. Without the protection of the cartilage, the bones begin to rub against each other and the resulting friction leads to pain and swelling. Osteoarthritis can occur in any joint, but most often affects the hands and weight-bearing joints such as the knee, hip, and facet joints (in the spine). Osteoarthritis often occurs as the cartilage breaks down, or degenerates, with age. |
b8717b8c1d373a1bec4d063019163fd7 | How does arthritis develop? | With arthritis, an area in or around a joint becomes inflamed, causing pain, stiffness and, sometimes, difficulty moving. Some types of arthritis also affect other parts of the body, such as the skin and internal organs. |
e3a1dcf2848e3a4916d938e21d5e919d | Are you more likely to get arthritis as you get older? | Risk factors for arthritis include: Age. |
fb33dd1f9fb2a22771a211dea2ed66ee | Can your job raise your odds of getting arthritis? | Some jobs that require repetitive movements or heavy lifting can stress the joints and/or cause an injury, which can lead to arthritis, particularly osteoarthritis. |
181a7bf13d14324dc151d181d2f302d1 | What is the outlook for people with arthritis? | In addition, early diagnosis and treatment may be able to prevent tissue damage caused by arthritis. Early, aggressive treatment is particularly important for rheumatoid arthritis in order to help prevent further damage and disability down the road. Although it may not be possible to prevent arthritis, there are steps to take to reduce your risk of developing the disease and to slow or prevent permanent joint damage. |
7d1fb45bd048e3702974589fc2b3208f | Can your genes make you more likely to get arthritis? | Certain types of arthritis run in families and are at least partially inherited. |
fb05b1f7718269adf0e88b2b2d585106 | What is rheumatoid arthritis? | Rheumatoid arthritis: RA is a long-lasting disease that can affect joints in any part of the body, but most commonly involves the hands, wrists, and knees. With rheumatoid arthritis, the immune system -- the body's defense system against disease -- mistakenly attacks the body's jointsand causes the joint lining to swell. The inflammation then spreads to the surrounding tissues, and can eventually damage cartilage and bone. In more severe cases, rheumatoid arthritis can affect other areas of the body, such as the skin, eyes, and nerves. |
96babbad107e911cf10a51d9e167ef16 | Can being overweight make you more likely to get arthritis? | Being overweight puts extra stress on weight-bearing joints, increasing wear and tear, and increasing the risk of arthritis, especially osteoarthritis. |
426dd2586b0851c0c0b65cffe04bff75 | Should I check with my doctor before I start a fitness program if I have multiple sclerosis? | Check with your doctor before you start any fitness program. He may suggest: Types of exercise that are best for you and those you should avoid. The right moves depend on your symptoms, fitness level, and overall health. How long and intense your workouts should be Any physical limitations for your routines Other professionals, like a physical therapist, who can help you build a personal exercise program that meets your needs Aerobics. |
fae4007387f3db2996d531edf4d9e42f | What should you do if you get overheated from exercising and you have multiple sclerosis? | If you're sensitive to heat, your symptoms may show up or get worse when your body temperature rises. This will happen when you exercise. To avoid overheating: Don't exercise during the hottest part of the day (10 a.m. to 2 p.m.). Try to work out in the morning or evening if you're exercising outside. Drink plenty of cool water. Be aware of your body. If you notice any symptoms you didn't have before you started exercising, slow down or stop until you cool down. Swimming and water aerobics are good ways to stay cool while you work out. Just make sure there are non-slip floors in the locker room and around the pool. |
7fcebeb15fa1a189acffcb0b5717ce87 | How should I exercise to help ease the symptoms of multiple sclerosis? | Exercise can help ease multiple sclerosis symptoms, but you have to be careful if you want your workouts to work for you. The most important thing: Don't overdo it. No doubt you've heard the sayings "no pain, no gain" or "feel the burn," but that isn't good advice when you have MS. Do too much and you can strain your muscles, increase pain, and put too much stress on your body and your mind. Never exercise to the point of fatigue. |
f5b3416ccffcd6bee63271a023fe2246 | How can exercise help with multiple sclerosis? | Exercise can help ease multiple sclerosis symptoms, but you have to be careful if you want your workouts to work for you. The most important thing: Don't overdo it. No doubt you've heard the sayings "no pain, no gain" or "feel the burn," but that isn't good advice when you have MS. Do too much and you can strain your muscles, increase pain, and put too much stress on your body and your mind. Never exercise to the point of fatigue. |
94d27308ee3c70978b4c61a67680646b | When is a broken collarbone a medical emergency? | There is numbness or weakness in the hand or arm. |
498180a3bf25d295a0cddf8ce6cda7b8 | Why do I need to take medicine after a heart attack? | Limit plaques by lowering cholesterol. Other drugs may be prescribed if needed. These include medications to treat irregular heartbeats, lower blood pressure, control chest pain, and treat heart failure. |
e9d68902308156c3152b399ed9bd0b73 | What are the symptoms of a heart attack, and how long will they last? | Symptoms of a heart attack include: Discomfort, pressure, heaviness, or pain in the chest, arm or below the breastbone Discomfort radiating to the back, jaw, throat or arm Fullness, indigestion or choking feeling (may feel like heartburn) Sweating, nausea, vomiting or dizziness Extreme weakness, anxiety or shortness of breath Rapid or irregular heartbeats Fatigue During a heart attack, symptoms may last 30 minutes or longer and are not relieved by rest or nitroglycerin. Some people have a heart attack without having any symptoms (a "silent" myocardial infarction). A silent MI can occur in anyone, though it is more common among diabetics. |
a1af659f722f239fd1e1d9f1c57c93f2 | After a heart attack, when should I see my doctor after I leave the hospital? | Make a doctor's appointment for two to six weeks after leaving the hospital. Your doctor will want to check the progress of your recovery. She may ask you to undergo diagnostic tests (such as an exercise stress test or echocardiogram at regular intervals). These tests can help your doctor diagnose the presence or progression of blockages in your coronary arteries and plan treatment. Call your doctor sooner if you have symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath -- especially at rest, dizziness, or irregular heartbeats. |
401639e1b5a26ac343382271f8fc5a76 | Iâve had a heart attack. How can I prevent another one? | The goal after a heart attack is to keep the heart healthy and reduce the risks of having another heart attack. Your best opportunities to ward off future attacks is to take your medications, change your lifestyle, and see your doctor for regular heart checkups. |
f0c922110845c805fdb0d4665022c595 | Whatâs the purpose of drugs that treat a heart attack, and when should they be given? | The goals of drug therapy are to break up or prevent blood clots, prevent platelets from gathering and sticking to the plaque, stabilize the plaque, and prevent further damage. These medications must be given as soon as possible to decrease the amount of heart damage. The longer the delay in starting these drugs, the more damage can occur and the less benefit they can provide. |
bd23ada9c4a03fd6fe516ec94825e2e5 | What is Friedreich's ataxia? | Friedreich ataxia: Problems related to a protein called frataxin cause nerve damage and often heart problems. |
92d614b87f329bc06352ded27080d77f | What are metal metabolism disorders? | Metal metabolism disorders: Levels of trace metals in the blood are controlled by special proteins. Inherited metabolic disorders can result in protein malfunction and toxic accumulation of metal in the body: Wilson disease (toxic copper levels accumulate in the liver, brain, and other organs) Hemochromatosis (the intestines absorb excessive iron, which builds up in the liver, pancreas, joints, and heart, causing damage) Organic acidemias: methylmalonic acidemia and propionic acidemia. |
0022a0574f1da02732e6914e800d185e | What is the cause of most inherited metabolic disorders? | The original cause of most genetic metabolic disorders is a gene mutation that occurred many, many generations ago. The gene mutation is passed along through the generations, ensuring its preservation. |
0b0646fce94037bc1b4e3bcc29d99689 | What are the symptoms of an inherited metabolic disorder? | Urea cycle disorders: ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency and citrullinemia The symptoms of genetic metabolic disorders vary widely depending on the metabolism problem present. Some symptoms of inherited metabolic disorders include: Lethargy Poor appetite Abdominal pain Vomiting Weight loss Jaundice Failure to gain weight or grow Developmental delay Seizures Coma Abnormal odor of urine, breath, sweat, or saliva The symptoms may come on suddenly or progress slowly. |
47f299201c7ca00b3b335209d099e4a4 | How many people have inherited metabolic disorders? | Considered all together, inherited metabolic disorders may affect about 1 in 1,000 to 2,500 newborns. |
586163d2ee9420bb29213c195cf2501c | What are lysosomes? | Some of the more common and important genetic metabolic disorders include: Lysosomal storage disorders : Lysosomes are spaces inside cells that break down waste products of metabolism. Various enzyme deficiencies inside lysosomes can result in buildup of toxic substances, causing metabolic disorders including: Hurler syndrome (abnormal bone structure and developmental delay) Niemann- Pick disease (babies develop liver enlargement, difficulty feeding, and nerve damage) Tay- Sachs disease (progressive weakness in a months-old child, progressing to severe nerve damage; the child usually lives only until age 4 or 5) Gaucher disease (bone pain, enlarged liver, and low platelet counts, often mild, in children or adults) Fabry disease (pain in the extremities in childhood, with kidney and heart disease and strokes in adulthood; only males are affected) Krabbe disease (progressive nerve damage, developmental delay in young children; occasionally adults are affected) Galactosemia: Impaired breakdown of the sugar galactose leads to jaundice, vomiting, and liver enlargement after breast or formula feeding by a newborn. |
d8dc14cf8709d9494fa4038fcf89b58d | What is maple syrup urine disease? | Maple syrup urine disease: Deficiency of an enzyme called BCKD causes buildup of amino acids in the body. Nerve damage results, and the urine smells like syrup. |
dc80ad565c2412ad220cacfd7c3749cd | What happens if the sugar galactose isn't broken down right in a newborn? | Various enzyme deficiencies inside lysosomes can result in buildup of toxic substances, causing metabolic disorders including: Hurler syndrome (abnormal bone structure and developmental delay) Niemann- Pick disease (babies develop liver enlargement, difficulty feeding, and nerve damage) Tay- Sachs disease (progressive weakness in a months-old child, progressing to severe nerve damage; the child usually lives only until age 4 or 5) Gaucher disease (bone pain, enlarged liver, and low platelet counts, often mild, in children or adults) Fabry disease (pain in the extremities in childhood, with kidney and heart disease and strokes in adulthood; only males are affected) Krabbe disease (progressive nerve damage, developmental delay in young children; occasionally adults are affected) Galactosemia: Impaired breakdown of the sugar galactose leads to jaundice, vomiting, and liver enlargement after breast or formula feeding by a newborn. |
11f72b7c669d2220e503efb9b92738d9 | What is the meaning of metabolism? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Metabolism refers to all the chemical reactions taking place in the body to convert or use energy. A few major examples of metabolism include: Breaking down the carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in food to release energy. Transforming excess nitrogen into waste products excreted in urine. Breaking down or converting chemicals into other substances and transporting them inside cells. |
37295bf6c8492381e954d2b0a7eb1880 | What are treatments for inherited metabolic disorders? | Treatment may include such measures as: Special diets that eliminate certain nutrients Taking enzyme replacements, or other supplements that support metabolism Treating the blood with chemicals to detoxify dangerous metabolic by-products Whenever possible, a person with an inherited metabolic disorder should receive care at a medical center with experience with these rare conditions. |
88c236246732856fa7d6fb7aa3f4741c | What are inherited metabolic disorders? | Metabolism is an organized but chaotic chemical assembly line. Raw materials, half-finished products, and waste materials are constantly being used, produced, transported, and excreted. The "workers" on the assembly line are enzymes and other proteins that make chemical reactions happen. In most inherited metabolic disorders, a single enzyme is either not produced by the body at all or is produced in a form that doesn't work. The missing enzyme is like an absentee worker on the assembly line. Depending on that enzyme's job, its absence means toxic chemicals may build up, or an essential product may not be produced. |
59fb30360de42722c07606e050736233 | What are peroxisomal disorders? | Peroxisomal disorders: Similar to lysosomes, peroxisomes are tiny spaces filled with enzymes inside cells. Poor enzyme function inside peroxisomes can lead to buildup of toxic products of metabolism. Peroxisomal disorders include: Zellweger syndrome (abnormal facial features, enlarged liver, and nerve damage in infants) Adrenoleukodystrophy (symptoms of nerve damage can develop in childhood or early adulthood depending on the form.) |
506cee5045d261ee42649a90986e25c1 | How should I adjust my devices to prevent eyestrain? | You can also make sure your devices are set for eye health. Raise the contrast on your screen. Make text larger. Change the brightness of the screen. It shouldn't be lighter or darker than your surroundings. Lower the color temperature of your screen. That means it will give off less blue light, which is linked to more eyestrain. Raise the device's refresh rate. That will cause less flickering of the screen. |
9fbfbac09f73d98d78840dffd415640f | How can I prevent digital eyestrain? | But a few changes to how your use your devices can be easier on your eyes. Make sure your computer screen is about 25 inches, or an arm's length, away from your face. The center of the screen should be about 10-15 degrees below eye level. Cut glare by using a matte screen filter. You can find them for all types of computers, phones, and tablets. Follow the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes, look at an object at least 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds. Take a longer break of about 15 minutes after every 2 hours you spend on your devices. Use artificial tears to refresh your eyes when they feel dry. Try putting a humidifier in the room where you most often use a computer or other device. Make sure the lighting in the room you're in is bright enough. You don't want your device to be brighter than the surroundings. If you wear contact lenses, give your eyes a break by wearing your glasses. Get regular eye exams. You might need to use a different pair of glasses when you're working on a computer. |
4430f4ed6a71199795fa94ae4cb5165c | How can rheumatoid arthritis affect your voice box? | It doesn't happen often, but RA can also affect a joint in your voice box. |
fba4142458e80786eb71a26bd28afa68 | What joints does rheumatoid arthritis affect? | RA usually starts in the hands, but it can affect any joint, including your: Elbows Feet Hips Jaw Knees Neck Shoulders Wrists If you have RA, you'll notice a symmetrical pattern. It shows up in the same joints on both sides of your body, like both wrists or both hips. |
d025987fa72889e5bffe709216b16001 | How do you know if rheumatoid arthritis is in your joints? | RA almost always affects your joints. It may take a few weeks or months for the first signs to show. The inflammation it causes results in classic symptoms like: Stiffness. The joint is harder to use and doesn't move as well as it should. It's especially common in the morning. While many people with other forms of arthritis have stiff joints in the morning, it takes people with rheumatoid arthritis more than an hour (sometimes several hours) before their joints feel loose. Swelling. Fluid in the joint makes it puffy and tender. Pain. Inflammation inside a joint makes it hurt whether you're moving it or not. Over time, it causes damage and pain. Redness and warmth. The joints may be warmer and show color changes related to the inflammation. |
0210331ddc31744f00e2f01f6e690958 | How can rheumatoid arthritis affect your heart? | Likewise, RA can inflame the lining around your heart (called pericarditis) or your heart muscle (called myocarditis). You probably wouldn't notice symptoms from that. There's a chance you could feel shortness of breath or chest pain. |
8e4838d15209040f865a1b8da9e5660c | Does rheumatoid arthritis cause pain? | Fluid in the joint makes it puffy and tender. Pain. |
78f34049748a19dbbcd5ebcc5aed3c3e | Can rheumatoid arthritis affect your lungs? | This may not cause symptoms. But you might notice shortness of breath. Your doctor can treat it with drugs that ease the inflammation in the lungs. |
156112a327954674147f83decb0fd8f9 | Does rheumatoid arthritis affect your eyes? | While many people with other forms of arthritis have stiff joints in the morning, it takes people with rheumatoid arthritis more than an hour (sometimes several hours) before their joints feel loose. |
c4de9b4092e7df3993aadcb621ffef8f | How do you know if rheumatoid arthritis affects the entire body? | Rheumatoid arthritis symptoms can go beyond your joints. You could also feel: Fatigue Muscle aches Poor appetite Bad all over (your doctor may call this malaise) Depression Extreme fatigue could be a sign of anemia, or a lack of healthy red blood cells. |
62a7960fd5476217e09d3a8df3ae35fa | Can rheumatoid arthritis inflame areas around your heart? | Likewise, RA can inflame the lining around your heart (called pericarditis) or your heart muscle (called myocarditis). You probably wouldn't notice symptoms from that. There's a chance you could feel shortness of breath or chest pain. |
98f71b1eb1a43f75c7c7616aee9e280d | Can rheumatoid arthritis affect your voice box? | It doesn't happen often, but RA can also affect a joint in your voice box. |
a540aa3b3ca57bb08e6250f679b1e41f | What are symptoms of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? | Some people get flu-like symptoms within a month after they've been infected, but these symptoms often go away within a month. You could have HIV for many years before feeling ill at all. Before you're diagnosed with HIV, you may get shingles. If you have had HIV for many years, you may get other infections related to advance HIV pr AIDS (see below). Both women and men may get thrush, a kind of yeast infection in your mouth or on your tongue. Women could get severe vaginal yeast infections. |
5a9a0e62df583e923753e46f5ea36827 | What is a carbuncle? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } A carbuncle is a red, swollen, and painful cluster of boils that are connected to each other under the skin. A boil (or furuncle) is an infection of a hair follicle that has a small collection of pus (called an abscess) under the skin. Usually single, a carbuncle is most likely to occur on a hairy area of the body such as the back or nape of the neck. But a carbuncle also can develop in other areas of the body such as the buttocks, thighs, groin, and armpits. |
c195af05ea0c5b84423da1dde8feb99c | What are complications of carbuncles? | Sometimes, carbuncles are caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA) bacteria, and require treatment with potent prescription antibiotics if the lesions are not drained properly. In rare cases, bacteria from a carbuncle can escape into the bloodstream and cause serious complications, including sepsis and infections in other parts of the body such as the lung, bones, joints, heart, blood, and central nervous system. Sepsis is an overwhelming infection of the body that is a medical emergency and can be fatal if left untreated. Symptoms include chills, a spiking fever, rapid heart rate, and a feeling of being extremely ill. |
056c667f973f8bb709b5da135e870ee4 | What is the home treatment for carbuncles? | The cardinal rule is to avoid squeezing or irritating a carbuncle, which increases the risk of complications and severe scarring. Warm compresses may promote the drainage and healing of carbuncles. Gently soak the carbuncle in warm water, or apply a clean, warm, moist washcloth for 20 minutes several times per day. Similar strategies include covering the carbuncle with a clean, dry cloth and gently applying a heating pad or hot water bottle for 20 minutes several times per day. After each use, washcloths or cloths should be washed in hot water and dried at a high temperature. Washing the carbuncle and covering the area with a sterile bandage also may promote drainage and healing and help prevent the infection from spreading. Over-the-counter medications such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help relieve the pain of an inflamed carbuncle. It's important to thoroughly wash your hands after touching a carbuncle. Launder any clothing, bedding, and towels that have touched a carbuncle and avoid sharing bedding, clothing, or other personal items. |
4bd1604757a29ee3ab69e09a95bc7c71 | What should I know about carbuncles? | Carbuncles are more likely than boils to leave scars. An active boil or carbuncle is contagious: the infection can spread to other parts of the person's body or to other people through skin-to-skin contact or the sharing of personal items. So it's important to practice appropriate self-care measures, like keeping the area clean and covered, until the carbuncle drains and heals. Carbuncles require medical treatment to prevent or manage complications, promote healing, and minimize scarring. Contact your doctor if you have a boil or boils that have persisted for more than a few days. |
b0df1900affb852e52b497748d4659aa | How long do carbuncles take to heal? | But treatment with antibiotics may be necessary in cases such as: When MRSA is involved and drainage is incomplete There is surrounding soft-tissue infection (cellulitis) A person has a weakened immune system An infection has spread to other parts of the body Depending on severity, most carbuncles heal within two to three weeks after medical treatment. |
be0e7baf1a44e424a688c5d43ab05116 | What causes carbuncles? | Most carbuncles are caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, which inhabit the skin surface, throat, and nasal passages. These bacteria can cause infection by entering the skin through a hair follicle, small scrape, or puncture, although sometimes there is no obvious point of entry. |
bb444a300c351574e5c0be030b31d1b0 | What are tests to diagnose atherosclerosis? | Diseases caused by atherosclerosis are the most common cause of death in the U. S. The one test that can directly show blocked arteries is called angiography. It's an invasive test: A thin tube is put inside an artery in the leg or arm. It's then threaded through the body's maze of branching arteries. Injected dye shows arteries -- and any blockages -- on a monitor. |
db4926c0bcdece6534c9ad6cca635bac | How does an electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) help in diagnosing =? | Electron beam computed tomography ( EBCT): A special CT scanner ( CAT scan) snaps pictures of the heart. A computer figures out the amount of calcium in your heart's arteries. More calcium can mean more atherosclerosis. |
31921605da704e21aa1415f01bf9f5af | How does angiography help in diagnosing atherosclerosis? | Angiography: This test can show a picture of blockages caused by atherosclerosis. It can be done on arteries in your heart, brain, or legs. Because it has some risk, angiography is usually done only on people with symptoms from their atherosclerosis. Typically, this means people with symptoms of blockages, such as chest pain. |
2545bcad060a1840e130cfc8145581f5 | How does a stress test help in diagnosing atherosclerosis? | Once your doctor has identified your risk group, more tests may be needed, such as: Stress test: With medicines or walking on an exercise treadmill, your heart is made to pump almost as hard as it can. That allows your doctor to see what symptoms you may have. If needed, images of the heart or EKGs can show any blockages. |
529210b170ea3438cf685375cfc618cc | What happens when you get a cortisone injection? | The doctor, nurse, or other health professional will use an alcohol or iodine-based cleaning solution to clean the area of your skin where you'll get the shot. After that, they will put a numbing lotion or spray on that spot. Then you'll get the shot. Afterward, you'll wear a bandage over the injection site. If the shot is going into a joint that has too much fluid, your doctor will first use a separate syringe and needle to draw out the extra fluid. |
84e16209946dc16238faa7cee0920fc1 | What are the long-term side effects of cortisone shots? | Long-term side effects depend on the dose and how often you get this treatment. With higher doses and frequent shots, potential side effects include: Thinning of the skin Easy bruising Weight gain Puffiness of the face Higher blood pressure Cataract formation Thinning of the bones (osteoporosis) Rare but serious damage to the bones of the large joints (called âavascular necrosisâ). |
86ae5e7e958e219f26e6dce8a7b8a2a4 | When should someone with schizophrenia call 911? | If you're afraid help from your doctor isn't going to be fast enough, you may need call to 911. To decide when you should call for help, ask yourself these questions: Is your loved one threatening to harm himself or someone else, including you? Has he ever attempted suicide before? Is he unable to feed or dress himself? Is he living on the streets? If you answered âyesâ to any of these, call 911 or a local emergency number. Don't try to solve the situation on your own or put yourself at risk. If you think there's any chance that he will try to commit suicide, ask someone to stay with him while you call for emergency help. |
ed4cad0d66990d679572b6b2fed07ceb | When should someone with schizophrenia call their doctor? | You'll probably notice signs leading up to a psychotic episode. Symptoms vary, but there are some common ones, including: Mistrustful or suspicious beliefs or ideas Unexpected outbursts Isolation from friends and family Noticeable mood changes Trouble sleeping Bizarre behavior Call your doctor for advice if your loved one's mood changes or his thinking seems unusual. If he's stopped taking his medication, but doesn't seem like he's going to hurt you or anyone else, encourage him to visit the doctor with you. |
60832ef7770087c843f0ed62ffbb83be | How do I know if my home blood pressure monitor is accurate? | That's why it's important to bring your blood pressure monitor to the doctor before you start to use it. She can test it against the ones used in her office. |
df0577212bfa3dae62502b2b5f4d4488 | What are types of blood pressure monitors that use an arm cuff? | There are two basic types of monitors that use an arm cuff: Aneroid monitors: You squeeze a bulb to inflate the cuff around your upper arm. Then you read a gauge to find your blood pressure. These are the least expensive options, but they're also easy to damage. Digital monitors: On some models you inflate the cuff. On others the machine does it for you. Your reading appears on a small screen. Some even offer a paper printout. They're easy to use and read. |
9749fa1dbe3a579944f30f1c62a01b44 | What can you expect during a lip augmentation procedure? | Injectable lip augmentation techniques can be performed quickly in your doctor's office with little to no downtime. Fat injection is the exception, since the procedure requires a small area of liposuction to remove the fat from another part of your body before the injection can take place. Before the injections, a topical or local numbing agent may be applied to ease discomfort. Sometimes, nerve block injections can be given before the treatment to completely numb the lips. This is similar to the anesthetic injections that you get at the dentist to numb your mouth. After carefully marking the areas to be injected, very fine needles are used to inject the substance into your lips. |
c95f257cd44abb5b1f78381cc51b9f0d | How common are allergic reactions to hyaluronic acid fillers? | Allergic reaction unlikely. Because hyaluronic acid fillers are made from substances similar to those found in the body, they are unlikely to cause an allergic reaction. But if you are allergic to lidocaine, tell your doctor before being treated. |
60fe88d308f9780819066cb5eee09837 | How can hyaluronic acid fillers improve the appearance of your lips? | Hyaluronic acid fillers can improve the appearance of your lips by adding: Shape Structure Volume The effects typically last around six months. After that more injections are needed to keep the volume of your lips. |
4650f247b712cf2bce50647f82c6f4aa | What can help someone who "freezes" in place because of Parkinson's disease? | If you have trouble with "freezing" in place: Rock from foot to foot to get moving again. Have someone place their foot in front of you, or visualize something you need to step over, to get moving again. |
571ad3f9aa39f1c767c0d9f00fb63932 | What can help with the stress of having Parkinson's disease? | The most important step you can take is to seek help as soon as you feel less able to cope with Parkinson's disease. Taking action early will enable you to understand and deal with the many effects of your condition. A mental health care provider can design a treatment plan to meet your specific needs. Strategies can be designed to help you regain a sense of control over your life and improve your quality of life. |
73105711b60fe854fa85c97eb1062149 | What is the process for creating an Individualized Education Program (IEP)? | The next step after evaluation is the IEP meeting, which is required by law. The Individualized Education Program is supposed to address all aspects of your child's education. So, a number of different people will need to attend the meeting. At the very least, the meeting should include you, your child's teacher, and a special education teacher. Others who are familiar with different aspects of your child's needs and abilities -- social workers, school psychologists, therapists, or doctors -- also should attend. When appropriate, your child may also participate and offer input at the meeting. |
76b17c46a28119319fa97ec271bf018f | Who determines eligibility for an Individualized Education Program (IEP)? | Professionals within your child's district are usually the ones who do the evaluation, but it can also be done by a developmental pediatrician or psychologist. The evaluation is what determines that your child is eligible for special education. It also helps identify the special services your child might need. If you think your child's evaluation isn't accurate, you can ask for an independent evaluation. That will be done by a professional from outside the school district. Your child's district may pay for that evaluation. |
06b2ea6da9321097d30eaf89a207f11b | How should I prepare for a meeting about my child's Individualized Education Program (IEP)? | That team will discuss how to best meet your child's educational needs. To prepare for the meeting -- and if your child is able to articulate answers -- you may find it helpful to ask your child questions about school such as: " What is your favorite subject?" " What is the hardest thing for you at school?" " What is the easiest thing for you at school?" |
a3715a0637268e6bd6cd8109212d8f65 | How does an Individualized Education Program (IEP) help a child with autism? | Many children with ASD find it difficult to develop the skills they need. Engaging a child or teen in the IEP process provides an opportunity to teach a child with autism to advocate for himself or herself. For some children, involvement may be limited to attending the IEP meeting. Over time, and depending upon the degree of the disability, some children may be able to take more ownership. When they do, they will more actively participate in designing their IEP for autism. They may be able to identify their own problem areas and help create reasonable goals for themselves. |
9be3d3ed8f7d313d78d0840fa2346eaf | How can lupus affect your heart and lungs? | Heart and lung involvement often is caused by inflammation of the covering of the heart (pericardium) and lungs (pleura). When these structures become inflamed, patients may develop chest pain, irregular heartbeat, and accumulation of fluid around the lungs (pleuritis or pleurisy) and heart (pericarditis). The heart valves and the lung itself can also be affected by lupus, resulting in shortness of breath. |
3f5a42dd72abd5758dec9af3dfc95e99 | How is imuran (azathioprine) used to treat lupus? | A medication originally used to prevent rejection of transplanted organs. It is commonly used to treat the more serious features of lupus. |
54ae8c56823b84f5b2151e0031bded21 | How is CellCept (mycophenolate mofetil) used to treat lupus? | A drug that suppresses the immune system and is also used to prevent rejection of transplanted organs. It is being used increasingly to treat serious features of lupus, especially those previously treated by Cytoxan. |
04b4f3b6651ef38fefb7185ec5f967f8 | What can be done to improve quality of life with lupus? | There is no cure for lupus, but there are steps you can take to improve your sense of well-being and your quality of life, including: Exercise . |
b8cc31c9430c8f2dd174dc800b189e46 | How is rituxan (rituximab) used to treat lupus? | A biologic agent used to treat lymphoma and rheumatoid arthritis. It is used to treat the most serious features of lupus when other therapies are not effective. |
5d99a35ca0a10101fe72fc158b6109b8 | How is plaquenil (hydroxychloroquine) used to treat lupus? | Commonly used to help keep mild lupus-related problems, such as skin and joint disease, under control. This drug is also effective at preventing lupus flares. |
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