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a1796fd863d0214bf6f0a7b639eb1cd3 | What's the definition of blood pressure? | Blood pressure is the force of the blood against the walls of your arteries as your heart pumps it around your body. |
26cdf27d68557caace7d3edac3b3945e | How can gum disease make your teeth sensitive? | Your gums shrink away from your teeth and that exposes the roots. You also can damage your gums if you brush too hard. |
944d2c923c7271a2050081aa07853564 | What should you do if your teeth hurt? | Don't put off a trip to the dentist if your teeth hurt. Cavities and cracks get worse over time. If you grind your teeth, your dentist can make a bite guard for you to sleep in. You can manage some problems yourself. Special toothpastes can reduce sensitivity. And you can reverse early gum disease when you brush and floss correctly. |
e3d37d1528fe3bbe856b865ebecd73d0 | How can teething affect you? | You're likely to feel it when your wisdom teeth start to push through your gums. Food can get stuck under the gum and cause decay and infection. |
671423a81db73b1e48586b464084963a | How can strep throat easily spread? | The bacteria that cause strep are highly contagious. You can spread it by close contact -- including sneezes and handshakes -- or sharing someone else's personal items. Be sure to wash your hands often and be cautious about touching objects when someone in your house has strep. |
3f8528dfa2c3e178ce6f3a1daff67216 | What tests are used for strep throat? | Your doctor tests for strep throat with a rapid antigen test. She swabs the back of your throat with a cotton-tipped stick to get a sample. You usually get results in about 20 minutes. If the test is negative (meaning no signs of strep are found), the doctor may do what's called a throat culture. She'll take more swab samples from the back of your throat and send them to a lab. You may have to wait a couple of days for those results. |
3c52d2db9575fcadd4903a98faa471de | When should I see a doctor about strep throat? | For your little ones, call the doctor right away if: An infant is 12 weeks or younger and has a temperature of 100.4 F or higher A fever goes above 104 F in any child You should also contact her if: A child younger than 2 has a fever lasting more than 24 hours A child 2 or older has a fever for more than 72 hours Your doctor will ask questions and do tests to find out whether you have strep or something else. |
a41af70721fda0791a7ef9651a3869c9 | What are symptoms of jaundice? | Your baby may have a greater chance of getting jaundice if he's: Born before 37 weeks Of East Asian or Mediterranean descent Has trouble breast or bottle feeding A younger sibling of a child who had jaundice Born to a mother with O-type or Rh negative blood The telltale sign of jaundice is a yellow color to your baby's skin and yellow in the whites of his eyes. It typically starts on the face. Once bilirubin levels in the blood get higher, the yellow color moves to the chest and stomach, and then, finally, the legs and arms. |
3f4b913b4e6e19ac046185434e943853 | How can you prevent jaundice? | There isn't much you can do to prevent the typical jaundice in newborns. But you can help move it along by being sure your baby is well fed. If you're breastfeeding, aim for 8-12 feedings a day in the first days of your baby's life. If you're formula feeding, offer 1-2 ounces every 2-3 hours. |
feab3e7b2a080d08601e7f03fe16e495 | When does your baby have a greater chance of getting jaundice? | Your baby may have a greater chance of getting jaundice if he's: Born before 37 weeks Of East Asian or Mediterranean descent Has trouble breast or bottle feeding A younger sibling of a child who had jaundice Born to a mother with O-type or Rh negative blood The telltale sign of jaundice is a yellow color to your baby's skin and yellow in the whites of his eyes. |
ae738158626b06ffd37a4e86a61e9c58 | How is cervical osteoarthritis (cervical spondylosis) diagnosed? | The doctor will generally begin by asking you about symptoms and taking a medical history. This will be followed by a physical exam of the body, with a focus on the neck, back, and shoulders. The doctor is also likely to test reflexes and the strength of hands and arms, check for loss of sensation, and watch you walk. Other tests that might be done include imaging exams such as X-rays, computed tomography ( CT), and magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI). MRI scans use large magnets, radio waves, and a computer to produce the best images of the body. You might also be referred to a neurologist. |
2969dd140137eea476409f7321ff5461 | What are the symptoms of cervical osteoarthritis (cervical spondylosis) with myelopathy? | If cervical spondylosis results in pressure on the spinal cord (cervical stenosis), it can put pressure on the spinal cord, a condition called cervical myelopathy. Symptoms of cervical spondylosis with myelopathy include: Tingling, numbness, and/or weakness in the arms, hands, legs, or feet Lack of coordination and difficulty walking Abnormal reflexes Muscle spasms Loss of control over bladder and bowel (incontinence) Another possible complication of cervical spondylosis is cervical radiculopathy, when bone spurs press on nerves as they exit the bones of the spinal column. |
0212901308094933f1bd8bdd6fb558fa | What is cervical osteoarthritis (cervical spondylosis)? | It is a condition involving changes to the bones, discs, and joints of the neck. These changes are caused by the normal wear-and-tear of aging. With age, the discs of the cervical spine gradually break down, lose fluid, and become stiffer. Cervical spondylosis usually occurs in middle-aged and elderly people. |
b39a96ccebb899728b9693d5a2d9faed | Can my child take a break from ADHD medication to try other medicines? | For some children, talk therapy or neurofeedback may work as well as medication. If your child isn't taking medication, it's easier to tell if another treatment is working. |
75d87a51d54076f0615dcd6e59fe8196 | How can I manage ADHD symptoms in my child during a break from medication? | If you decide that she should take a break from all medications, other treatments, like talk therapy or neurofeedback, can help her manage her symptoms. |
14b769dbfe9c94247fef7fe7e0743bff | Are children with ADHD supposed to take breaks from the medication? | Most kids who have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD) take medication to manage their symptoms. You may have heard that there are benefits of taking breaks from the medicine. |
9c3cce243fa2e6f646387ce2bfaa1f71 | Will it take longer for ADHD medication to work if my child takes a break from it? | It might take a while for your child's medication to work again. Some nonstimulant medications take several days or even weeks to work the way they're supposed to. |
181382af884e90f21f77a7c957acf0e8 | Is taking a break from medication the only way to know if the medication is still effective? | Taking a break from medication isn't the only option. Your doctor may recommend lowering your child's dosage or switching to another medication instead. |
38a4b9261c35d9ace5b8447be56acb36 | How should my parenting change if my child takes a break from ADHD medication? | You'll need to be extra attentive. Medication helps kids with ADHD pay attention during tough tasks like driving. It may even lower the chances that your child will do risky things, like smoke and drink. You should be prepared to watch your child more than usual during a medication break. |
4c04ccd15269305136defe3b56eaf107 | If my child stops taking ADHD medication will the symptoms reappear? | It may make your child's ADHD symptoms reappear or get worse. Hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention may become problems again within a day or 2 of stopping medication. |
608fdc663f9216190f6d7f9b7342360e | When is the best time for my child to take a break from ADHD medication? | Weekends, holidays, summer vacations, and other âslow timesâ are the best time to take a medication break. That way, if your child is struggling with her symptoms, it won't affect her schoolwork. You may also have more time to pay attention to how she's doing and help her. |
b0336adab893af45f19d2f103a692993 | How do I know if my child is ready for a break from ADHD medication? | Your child may be ready if: She's been symptom-free for more than a year while on medication. Her symptoms were not a big problem when she forgot a dose or two of medication. She seems to be concentrating better than ever. |
08fbc1ce38634f886c7fcbf8bfe1aa1e | Will a break from ADHD medication boost my child's growth? | It may boost your child's growth. Some ADHD medications can slow a child's growth in height, especially during the first 2 years of taking it. While height delays are temporary and kids typically catch up later, going off medication may lead to fewer growth delays. |
83ec11519e9bd41926e63fd09e75b682 | How many adults in the U.S. have anxiety disorder? | According to the National Institute of Mental Health, more than 18% of adults in the United States suffer from an anxiety disorder in any given year, and anxiety disorders are prevalent in 25% of children ages 13 to 18. Like depression, anxiety is thought to arise from a combination of both genetic and environmental factors. |
62c2b4b1ea41803338ad7c7e579ae806 | What is social anxiety disorder? | Social anxiety disorder, also called social phobia, is a psychological condition that causes an overwhelming fear of situations that require interacting with another person or performing in front of others. Unlike being shy around strangers or nervous before a performance, social anxiety is a fear that you might humiliate yourself with your actions or speech in public. Social phobia is common. |
2aa74437fd08cf4919b105401c64dab5 | What are the symptoms of social phobia? | The symptoms of social phobia are much the same as symptoms for other anxiety disorders. They include: Difficulty talking Dry mouth Intense sweating Nausea Racing heart Trembling or shaking Like with other anxiety illnesses, symptoms can be tolerable or so severe that they become socially debilitating. |
dcb73a2d6abf6b74c0a9bfd9943f1477 | What is generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)? | People with generalized anxiety disorder ( GAD) are filled with greatly exaggerated worry and tension -- even though there is usually nothing beyond ordinary concerns to worry about. These individuals anticipate disaster and ruminate about their health, their finances, their work, their relationships and family problems. |
eefea2d7a994325fe0d3fcf0d50e7b99 | What are the symptoms of panic disorder? | Panic disorder involves the sudden onset of overwhelming fear and terror. The person may also experience: Chest pain Choking Difficulty breathing Dizziness Gastrointestinal distress Headache Shortness of breath Sweaty palms Tachycardia (an unusually rapid heart beat) Trembling The person feels like he or she is either going to faint, have a heart attack and die, or go crazy. |
337f2881be2f4f40b1bb0cb4fc8fc7c3 | How is substance use disorder treated if you also have depression? | Taking more of the substance to ease withdrawal symptoms Withdrawal symptoms such as nausea, shaking, insomnia, agitation, hallucination, and sweating following a reduction in the amount of a substance taken There are varied approaches to treating people with substance abuse plus depression. Some will need detoxification in a hospital or a clinic. Rehabilitation may include one-on-one counseling, group counseling, and support groups. Antidepressant medicines -- in combination with education to help people address and conquer the emotions that cause them to abuse drugs or alcohol -- can also be effective. |
16a53d8fdd4a7e8a803d7302644e4c54 | How are implants used for breast reconstruction? | Implants involve stretching the skin with a tissue expander that goes inside you, and then inserting a silicone-gel or saline (salt water) implant weeks later. The tissue expander is filled to a desired volume by adding saline, usually once a week for a few sessions. Many women find these sessions painful, but they're often pleased with the final result. Implants can rupture, causing pain and infection. You may need surgery to remove or replace them. |
638cf2d6f41dd5e5be71282fe62b047e | When is the best time to have a breast reconstruction? | The timing is based on your desires, medical conditions, and cancer treatment. You can choose to have it done during the same operation to remove the breast, or months or years after a mastectomy. If you've started any chemotherapy or radiation treatments, reconstruction is usually postponed until you complete those treatments. Your surgeon can help you decide the right timing for you. |
9544f66219aefc5269016598623fed41 | What is a coronary calcium scan? | This CT scan of your chest can help doctors spot calcium buildup in the arteries around your heart, a sign that they have too much plaque. |
744da5acdffc9097c92a715dabc927d4 | What is a carotid ultrasound? | Two of the major blood vessels in your neck are your carotid arteries. When they have thick, fatty deposits of cholesterol inside, it's a sign you're at higher risk for a heart attack or stroke. Your doctor might do an ultrasound scan of your neck called a carotid intima-media thickness test to check them out. |
891a09edd3087ba002948f93a56ca4f9 | Why would my doctor check my thyroid gland while I am taking statins? | If it's not making enough hormones, a condition called hypothyroidism, it may cause muscle pain when you take statins. |
5051384fc290c5dff68928d2bebd6824 | Could I be allergic to echinacea if I am allergic to other plants? | If this happens, you might get: Rashes Worsening of asthma symptoms Anaphylaxis (a life-threatening emergency that can cause trouble breathing) You might be at higher risk of having a reaction to echinacea if you're allergic to other plants in the daisy family. This includes ragweed, chrysanthemums, and marigolds. |
c97759ce230fea94d8335328f5369d91 | What is echinacea? | It's a flowering plant that grows in the U. S. and Canada, and it's been used as medicine for centuries. There are nine species. Some of its common names are the purple coneflower or black-eyed Susan. The leaves, stems, flower, and roots are used to make supplements, liquid extracts, and teas. |
5510bd6ee8c59a089be448ed7d9142ec | How long should you take echinacea? | Some experts say you shouldn't take echinacea for more than 8 weeks at a time. Although there is no evidence that the herb would cause harm after this point, doctors don't know enough yet about its long-term safety. |
dfc72752926b7aaaacc020e146aeb23c | What are possible reasons for conflicting results of studies on echinacea? | Still, sometimes it's hard to compare the results of different studies, because they look at different types and strengths of echinacea, as well as different parts of the plant or root. It's possible that some versions are better than others. Also, it's possible the herbal remedy may be useful against some, but not all, of the more than 200 viruses that cause colds. |
db15578afe10111f96c263b055841f67 | Is echinacea regulated in the United States? | Keep in mind that herbal remedies like echinacea aren't regulated in the U. S. the way medications are. The makers of supplements don't have to show their products are safe or effective before they go on the market. Also, there's a chance that what you buy at the drugstore may not actually have what the label says it does. |
5f658dcf3b79396adc74965e88ca63fd | Can my doctor give me information about herbal cold remedies? | If you're interested in using echinacea or another alternative treatment, talk to your doctor. Remember, herbal remedies may have risks, just like any drug. They can cause side effects and could affect how other medications work. |
f8e3e213526a66faf8e152229e275d34 | How do you care for bonded teeth? | Bonded teeth do not require special care. Simply follow good oral hygiene practices. Brush teeth at least twice a day, floss at least once a day, rinse with an antiseptic mouthwash once or twice a day, and see your dentist for regular professional check-ups and cleanings. Because bonding material can chip, it is important to avoid such habits as biting fingernails; chewing on pens, ice, or other hard food objects; or using your bonded teeth as an opener. |
5fe7397c921a2fe331dfe2c15ba38c7c | How long does bonding material last? | The lifespan of bonding materials for the teeth depends on how much bonding was done and your oral habits. Typically, however, bonding material lasts from three years up to about 10 years before needing to be touched up or replaced. |
4d2eaf9cad99cbc3ef07567b20b246ad | When do you get dental bonding? | Dental bonding is an option that can be considered: To repair decayed teeth (composite resins are used to fill cavities) To repair chipped or cracked teeth To improve the appearance of discolored teeth To close spaces between teeth To make teeth look longer To change the shape of teeth As a cosmetic alternative to amalgam fillings To protect a portion of the tooth's root that has been exposed when gums recede Preparation. |
21675c53c76c10e2276212a2d198246a | What is chest discomfort or pressure like as a symptom of a heart attack in men? | The pain can be severe, but it doesn't have to be. It can be a feeling of âfullness,â squeezing, or pressure. It can even be mistaken for heartburn. The discomfort often happens in the left or center of your chest. The feeling may last for more than several minutes, or it may come and go. |
4d1413362214ebdcbc6748c56aacf4ac | What is chest pain like as a symptom of a heart attack in men? | This is the most common symptom of a heart attack in both men and women. Most often, it starts slowly with mild pain or discomfort. A sudden onset of severe symptoms is sometimes called a â Hollywood heart attack,â because of the typical way heart attacks have been portrayed in movies and television. A heart attack can happen this way, but it doesn't that often. |
8bea03d43685afd970a0cb84544ac945 | What is pain like as a symptom of a heart attack in men? | Pain or discomfort sometimes shows up in other areas because they're not getting enough blood. Usually, it's an area of the body that's above the waist, including the upper part of your stomach, your shoulders, one arm (probably the left) or both, your back, neck or jaw, even your teeth. |
3e386839393ce716249f66b8ba144561 | When should you get help because of symptoms of a heart attack? | Another possible sign is breaking into a cold sweat The more symptoms you have, the more likely it is that you're having a heart attack. |
dd8b716499754a1054b10257e313d614 | What are other symptoms of a heart attack in men? | Shortness of breath, called dyspnea, can happen with or without chest pain and may even be your only symptom. It can happen when you're being active or not and is probably due to congestion (fluid buildup) in your lungs. You may also find yourself coughing or wheezing. Feeling tired for no reason is another common sign. You might feel anxious, too. Nausea and vomiting are less common in men than women. Some people say they feel light-headed or dizzy. Another possible sign is breaking into a cold sweat The more symptoms you have, the more likely it is that you're having a heart attack. But bear in mind, you may have no symptoms at all. These are called silent heart attacks and are more common the older you are or if you have diabetes. |
42bfa949b890dbcb0388d7b9357c2a07 | What are the symptoms of lipedema? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } The typical symptoms are a large lower half and column-like legs, which are often tender and bruise easily. For example, the top half of your body may be a size 8, but the bottom half may be a size 16. |
e12a98ef9b43725e52a96edd310448a7 | How does lipedema develop? | As the condition progresses, fat continues to build up, and your lower body grows heavier. The lipedemic fat can later collect in the arms. Over time, fat cells block the vessels of your lymphatic system, which normally helps balance body fluid levels and protect against infection. This blockage prevents the proper drainage of lymph fluid, leading to a buildup of fluid called lymphedema. |
588184a95efa03e432b43cb956057d04 | What can happen if lipedema is untreated? | Unlike obesity, it targets legs, thighs and sometimes arms. Unlike lymphedema, lipedema doesn't start in the lower legs (feet and ankles) but the upper legs, and it isn't related to prior surgery. It usually affects both legs. |
163abcfeb4588cf3c3cad7b19df02f2a | What causes lipedema? | The cause is not known, but doctors suspect female hormones play a role. That's because the condition affects mostly women, and it often begins or worsens at puberty, during pregnancy, following gynecologic surgery, and around the time of menopause. Scientists also believe genes are involved, because many women with the condition have family members with the condition. |
58b5e930a96f8713075cd30e007a8d8e | Can diet and exercise help with lipedema? | The lipedemic fat can later collect in the arms. |
0f8909b7e2d6099355bc7e030db9d62f | How are lentigines treated? | There are several methods for treating lentigines: Cryosurgery (freezing it off) Laser surgery Skin creams such as retinoids and bleaching agents The best way to prevent lentigines is to stay out of the sun as much as possible, especially between the hours of 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher when outdoors, and wear protective clothing, such as long-sleeved shirts, pants, and a wide-brimmed hat. |
c9d87e7b259cf7f7bbdb8d3c11803203 | How are moles treated? | If a dermatologist believes a mole needs to be evaluated further, he or she will do a biopsy by shaving or cutting out the entire spot so that it can be evaluated under the microscope. This is a simple procedure. ( If the dermatologist thinks the mole might be cancerous, cutting through the mole will not cause the cancer to spread.) If the mole is found to be cancerous, the dermatologist will cut out the entire mole or scar from the biopsy site by cutting out the entire area and a rim of normal skin around it, and stitching the wound closed. |
b1b1730b08a0bdd79d4de7a7d257c738 | What are the ABCDEs of examining moles? | The following ABCDEs are important characteristics to consider when examining moles. If a mole displays any of the signs listed below, have it checked immediately by a dermatologist. It could be cancerous. Asymmetry. One half of the mole does not match the other half. Border. The border or edges of the mole are ragged, blurred, or irregular. Color. The color of the mole is not the same throughout or has shades of tan, brown, black, blue, white, or red. Diameter. The diameter of a mole is larger than the eraser of a pencil. Evolution. The mole is changing in size, shape, or color. |
47faca259ccb57e5ad7e693d5da53835 | What causes a mole? | These cells are called melanocytes, and they make the pigment that gives skin its natural color. Moles may darken after exposure to the sun, during the teen years, and during pregnancy. Congenital nevi are moles that are present at birth. Congenital nevi occur in about one in 100 people. |
57562e7c538ca901c487c719744d3482 | What is dysplastic nevi mole? | Dysplastic nevi are moles that are generally larger than average (larger than a pencil eraser) and irregular in shape. They tend to have uneven color with dark brown centers and lighter, uneven edges. These nevi are somewhat more likely to become melanoma. In fact, people who have 10 or more dysplastic nevi have a 12 times higher chance of developing melanoma, a serious form of skin cancer. Any changes in a mole should be checked by a dermatologist to evaluate for skin cancer. |
fa778590d1f5d45d8ae360545440ee22 | What are lentigines? | A lentigo (plural: lentigines) is a spot on the skin that is darker (usually brown) than the surrounding skin. Lentigines are more common among whites, especially those with fair skin. |
15bd14ffc83cd4adaa19db6a5ba250fc | What is a congenital nevi mole? | Congenital nevi are moles that are present at birth. Congenital nevi occur in about one in 100 people. These moles are slightly more likely to develop into melanoma (cancer) than are moles that appear after birth. A mole or freckle should be checked if it has a diameter of more than a pencil eraser or any characteristics of the ABCDEs of melanoma (see below). |
b018d4d31a3048aa2c422224f63cae63 | Can lentigines be prevented? | There are several methods for treating lentigines: Cryosurgery (freezing it off) Laser surgery Skin creams such as retinoids and bleaching agents The best way to prevent lentigines is to stay out of the sun as much as possible, especially between the hours of 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher when outdoors, and wear protective clothing, such as long-sleeved shirts, pants, and a wide-brimmed hat. Avoid using tanning beds. |
c4259a2e80098a02f73c23c9b8c89ff5 | What are skin tags? | Skin tags are not dangerous. They are usually found on the neck, chest, back, armpits, under the breasts, or in the groin area. Skin tags appear most often in women, especially with weight gain, and in elderly people. Skin tags usually don't cause any pain. However, they can become irritated if anything, such as clothing, jewelry, or skin rubs against them. Your dermatologist can remove a skin tag by cutting it off with a scalpel or scissors, with cryosurgery (freezing it off), or with electrosurgery (burning it off with an electric current). |
2c0f8ad317b3c0f59e38bdfc451178fd | What are common skin lesions? | Freckles are extremely common and are not a health threat. They are more often seen in the summer, especially among lighter-skinned people and people with light or red hair. Causes of freckles include genetics and exposure to the sun. |
85c139232c00e3377083e79c74e717d8 | What causes freckles? | Exposure to the sun seems to be the major cause of lentigines. |
34b667f21ef573fcd445f3e72aa280cd | How do you know if a mole is cancer? | The vast majority of moles are not dangerous. Moles that are more likely to be cancer are those that look different than other existing moles or those that first appear after age 25. If you notice changes in a mole's color, height, size, or shape, you should have a dermatologist (skin doctor) evaluate it. You also should have moles checked if they bleed, ooze, itch, or become tender or painful. |
19a7fd22fa8c0f27825ea6075c539f93 | How are seborrheic keratoses treated? | Seborrheic keratoses are harmless and are not contagious. Therefore, they don't need to be treated. If you decide to have seborrheic keratoses removed because you don't like the way they look, or because they are chronically irritated by clothing, methods for removing them include cutting them off, cryosurgery, and electrosurgery. |
085c5c6ecb1ac7da8b1cdf514b108365 | How do advance directives help with a patient's home care for brain cancer? | Advance directives are legal documents that provide a means to express your wishes for treatment and your choice on the person you want to make decisions on your behalf if you are not able to do so. Types of advance directives include a living will and durable power of attorney for health care. For example, a person with advanced brain cancer may not want to be put on a ventilator (breathing machine) if he or she stops breathing. You have the right to make these decisions for yourself as long as you are mentally competent. |
1d99051944744c2c3fa6d1e825f057ab | What can home care do if I have brain cancer? | For example, if you have trouble walking, physical and occupational therapists can help you improve movement and use equipment to aid in daily activities. A speech therapist can help with problems related to speaking and swallowing. Home health aides are specially trained to help with personal care tasks such as bathing, dressing, and eating. Home care can also include nurses to give medicines, provide wound care, and monitor side effects. |
feca9aa3c35860df80af43609d104763 | How can home hospice care help people with brain cancer? | Home hospice care is a way of providing pain and symptom relief, as well as emotional and spiritual support for the patient and the family, at home rather than in the hospital. It involves a multidisciplinary approach that may include a doctor or other health care provider, nurses, a pharmacist, aides, a social worker, a spiritual caregiver, and counselors. |
a66e7350f9400f86dc0415bcd9d7e277 | How long are patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) hospitalized? | The goal is to get the inflammation down quickly and stop the immune system attack. This will likely take a week or two in the hospital. |
82225769070d7c82c0e17237b81ac72b | What are the best therapies for acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)? | After the hospital, they may need some combination of physical, occupational, and speech therapy. They may have to stay in a rehab hospital for a while, or maybe they can go home and work with a therapist. |
2b3cc6a3f408bf8425b153c147da9f0b | What causes acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)? | Other symptoms include: Fever Headache Sleepiness Behavior changes such as fussiness or confusion Nausea and vomiting Seizures Coma ADEM seems to be an autoimmune disease. That means your immune system attacks your body's own cells and tissues as if they were outside bacteria or viruses. |
b7a6fde1eb2a9c1f9b6640c9518342a2 | What triggers acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)? | Experts don't know exactly what triggers it, but it could be an overreaction to an infection. Most of the time, the attack happens when a child is getting over some common illness, like a cold or stomach bug. ADEM sometimes follows an immunization, particularly certain rabies shots and the vaccine for measles, mumps, and rubella. No direct connection has been made though. Other times, nothing out of the ordinary happens before symptoms appear. |
68b6c459de79be5f71440fe368b99b1f | What is the treatment for acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in children? | Most people start with high doses of a powerful corticosteroid by IV for a few days. Your child may feel better within hours. They'll continue to take a steroid (as a pill or a liquid) for several weeks, in smaller and smaller doses. If your child can't have steroids or if they don't work, some procedures can calm the immune system. The doctor may filter their blood through a machine to remove the antibodies that their immune system is sending to attack the brain. This is called plasmapheresis. Or they could get shots of antibodies from a healthy person, which is called intravenous immunoglobulin treatment. |
eafc1d96b9e52e5ba68e38b83143efa7 | What is acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)? | ADEM is a rare kind of inflammation that affects the brain and spinal cord. It damages the protective coating of nerve fibers, called myelin. Most often, children under age 10 will get it. While symptoms can be severe, they can be treated. Most people make a full recovery and don't have another attack. |
8222fb0245bf264257fdc03ddaaab28b | How is acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) diagnosed in kids? | But MS is rare in children. Other differences can also help your doctor make the right diagnosis. Kids with ADEM may have a fever, a headache, seizures, or trouble thinking clearly. The disease usually appears soon after a viral illness. There's no such link with MS. An ADEM attack usually happens once, while multiple sclerosis involves many episodes over time. Tests of spinal fluid usually show certain proteins when you have MS, but not ADEM. With ADEM, spinal fluid usually has more white blood cells than normal. Damage to the brain from ADEM and damage caused by multiple sclerosis look different on an MRI. It's more widespread with ADEM. The doctor has to rule out other illnesses with similar symptoms, too, like infections of the brain and spinal cord such as meningitis. |
dcb810df3de1669c96797596cca04ac6 | What is the outlook for acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)? | Most of the time, a child who gets ADEM will recover completely. It will be a slow process, over 4 to 6 weeks. But it could be 6 months or up to a year before they're fully well. In some cases, kids don't get over all of their symptoms. They may have lasting vision damage or muscle weakness. They might have trouble in school if they've missed a lot of time, or perhaps as a lingering effect of the attack. About 8 times out of 10, ADEM happens only once. But sometimes you can get it again within a few months, especially if you don't take steroids for long enough. Your child might get MS later, but it's unlikely. In very rare cases, ADEM can be fatal. |
dbb177fd0f77b58fafdb4453bce4ad49 | Does therapy for acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) usually continue after hospitalization? | After the hospital, they may need some combination of physical, occupational, and speech therapy. They may have to stay in a rehab hospital for a while, or maybe they can go home and work with a therapist. Your child's doctor will probably want a follow-up MRI to make sure the inflammation is gone and no new scars have formed. |
9bca6fa6c6afd11a43d739876e15929c | How is acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) differentiated from other conditions with similar symptoms? | The condition has a lot in common with multiple sclerosis and other diseases that damage myelin. They share some symptoms, like muscle weakness, numbness, loss of vision, and loss of balance. But MS is rare in children. Other differences can also help your doctor make the right diagnosis. Kids with ADEM may have a fever, a headache, seizures, or trouble thinking clearly. The disease usually appears soon after a viral illness. There's no such link with MS. An ADEM attack usually happens once, while multiple sclerosis involves many episodes over time. Tests of spinal fluid usually show certain proteins when you have MS, but not ADEM. With ADEM, spinal fluid usually has more white blood cells than normal. Damage to the brain from ADEM and damage caused by multiple sclerosis look different on an MRI. It's more widespread with ADEM. The doctor has to rule out other illnesses with similar symptoms, too, like infections of the brain and spinal cord such as meningitis. |
a28adeadb87b640f1b2b5ada5d715a9f | What are the causes of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)? | Other symptoms include: Fever Headache Sleepiness Behavior changes such as fussiness or confusion Nausea and vomiting Seizures Coma ADEM seems to be an autoimmune disease. That means your immune system attacks your body's own cells and tissues as if they were outside bacteria or viruses. Experts don't know exactly what triggers it, but it could be an overreaction to an infection. Most of the time, the attack happens when a child is getting over some common illness, like a cold or stomach bug. ADEM sometimes follows an immunization, particularly certain rabies shots and the vaccine for measles, mumps, and rubella. No direct connection has been made though. Other times, nothing out of the ordinary happens before symptoms appear. |
458f365556056607a0c403a555d2f01f | How can diabetes cause dry eye? | Most people with diabetes know that it can cause eye problems like retinopathy, cataracts, and glaucoma. While infrequent, people with diabetes may have dry eyes, as well. That's because the nerve damage that causes you to lose feeling in your hands, legs, and feet -- so you don't notice cuts and sores -- can also affect your eyes. Severe dryness that's not treated can damage your cornea, the dome that covers the front part of your eye. |
a65db39c8c56b6762e9c1703ce89dda2 | When do acid reflux symptoms most often happen? | Acid reflux symptoms most often occur: After eating a heavy meal When bending over or lifting an object When lying down, especially on your back People who have frequent acid reflux symptoms most often experience them at night. |
f52d23a006b7d80039fbb98e0f153d63 | What is dyspepsia? | Many people with acid reflux disease also have a syndrome called dyspepsia. Dyspepsia is a general term for stomach discomfort. Symptoms of dyspepsia include: Burping Nausea after eating Stomach fullness or bloating Upper abdominal pain and discomfort Symptoms of acid reflux may be a sign that stomach acid has inflamed your esophagus. |
67e7e535d8e1be374c73eac42e4457b5 | Is regurgitation a common acid reflux symptom? | Another common symptom of acid reflux is regurgitation -- or the sensation of acid backing up into your throat or mouth. Regurgitation can produce a sour or bitter taste, and you may experience "wet burps." |
6b774a6df17dc139013a8e7ed33c46d0 | Are heart attack symptoms and acid reflux symptoms similar? | Also call the doctor right away if you have any "alarm" acid reflux symptoms, such as these: Unexpected weight loss Blood in vomit Black, tarry, or maroon-colored stools Difficulty or pain with swallowing Other acid reflux symptoms that should prompt a call to your doctor include: Asthma-like symptoms, such as wheezing or dry cough Hoarseness, especially in the morning Chronic sore throat Hiccups that don't let up Nausea that lasts for more than a day or two Sometimes, people confuse the symptoms of heart attack with symptoms of acid reflux disease. That's because pain in the chest can feel like heartburn. When in doubt, call your doctor. |
2aa00f9f11b7ddd0d2e104cb7203235d | How common is heartburn among pregnant women? | More than half of all pregnant women experience heartburn during pregnancy. Increased hormones and pressure from a growing fetus can combine to produce this acid reflux symptom. In most cases, heartburn improves or completely goes away after delivery. |
cdbed4bd4a61878a5dc00222a5788684 | Are there potential complications with acid reflux symptoms? | To lessen your symptoms, try avoiding: Citrus fruits Chocolate Caffeinated drinks or alcohol Spicy, fatty, or fried foods Garlic and onions Peppermint Tomatoes Usually, acid reflux symptoms cause no complications. In a few cases, continued esophageal damage can lead to scarring, which may cause the esophagus to narrow. The narrowing creates strictures and makes it difficult to swallow. You may have dysphagia, a sensation that food is stuck in your esophagus. In some cases, normal cells in the lining of the esophagus may be replaced by a different type of cell. This is called Barrett's esophagus, which can sometimes develop into cancer. |
13c6b520327f4912f1502e2c6d25dcea | When should you call 911 about possible symptoms of a heart attack? | Call 911 if you have any of these symptoms of heart attack: Chest pain, pressure, or fullness lasting more than a few minutes or that goes away and comes back Pain or discomfort in your neck, shoulder, upper back, or jaw Shortness of breath, with or without chest pain Dizziness, lightheadedness, or nausea Sweating along with chest pain |
417c267257f3200a073765c2c0e6742c | What does purging mean in regard to stem cells? | purging: The process of separating cancer cells from bone marrow or stem cells. |
218f18d729a1ff2e657a5a1b544a32f1 | What are white blood cells (leukocytes)? | white blood cells (leukocytes): Cells that are part of the body's immune system, which fights disease and infection. |
cec4e252d08e36641dfe2dea0e610bfa | What is mucositis? | mucositis: Mouth sores that result when chemotherapy destroys the mucosal cells that line the mouth and intestinal tract. |
985b975795f86282b41a3e8a76c52687 | What is autologous stem cell transplantation? | autologous: Stem cell transplantation using your own stem cells. |
eded20d77f2c5fba5d433ca97349a092 | What are human leukocyte antigens? | human leukocyte antigens ( HLA): Proteins found on the surface of white blood cells and tissues. A tissue-typing test shows how many HLA matches the recipient has in common with a donor. |
d5b074aee55e66f6a1070c9f0f76599f | What is a matched unrelated donor? | matched unrelated donor ( MUD): A donor who is not a blood relative, but who has a complete HLA match to the patient. These donors are often found through bone marrow registries. |
a04860b0607d6d354671d94b3ef54943 | What is graft-versus-host disease? | graft-versus-host disease: A condition in which donor cells think the recipient's cells are foreign and attack them. |
20cecfa0c1ed3e0c7f4e97ede0c052ca | What is conditioning (cytotoxic or myeloablative) treatment? | conditioning (cytotoxic or myeloablative) treatment: High-dose chemotherapy and/or radiation given before a stem cell transplant. |
2c60514617bdc24ebdd5bf865e4fade3 | What is growth factor in regard to stem cells? | growth factor: Medicines that boost the numbers of infection-fighting white blood cells. |
607fef33b33311bf6f378342e81c0445 | What is graft-versus-tumor effect? | graft-versus-tumor effect ( GVT): The good response that happens when the donor cells attack any of the recipient's cancer cells that may remain after chemotherapy. |
8fea6c942e8ff10644fa1f595827b2d8 | What are platelets? | platelets: Cells that prevent or stop bleeding. |
fc72718d7ec8919b44600595ec3f28ff | What is an antigen? | antigen: A foreign substance, such as a bacteria, virus, or tissue, that does not come from your body. |
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