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0a2f1a1b6cb3242e09a3bc3d84121ec9 | What helps minor thinning or bald patches caused by lupus? | For minor thinning or bald patches: Treat yourself to a new hairstyle. Ask your stylist to suggest a short, layered cut that can help hide the areas and make your hair look thicker. Hair extensions are an option for thin spots on the side of your head if you aren't actively losing hair. But protect your scalp: Avoid chemicals, glues, and heat, and don't make them tight, or you could pull out weak hair. |
619fb0b668845b3a7128908e600cc0d2 | What are the treatments when lupus affects the skin on the inside of your nose and mouth? | Lupus can also affect the skin on the inside of your mouth and nose. If you have sores in your mouth, gargle many times a day with hydrogen peroxide or buttermilk mixed with a little water. Ask your doctor about special mouthwash or dental paste that can help healing. For sores in your nose, try soothing them with petroleum jelly. |
8fa376bc91939195ed37d18a87aa9687 | What are the uses and limitations of an erythrocyte sedimentation rate test for lupus? | Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate ( ESR) What it is: ESR measures the speed of red blood cells moving toward the bottom of a test tube. When inflammation is present, blood proteins stick together and fall and collect more quickly as sediment. The more quickly the blood cells fall, the greater the inflammation. Why the test is used: ESR is used as a marker of inflammation. Inflammation could indicate lupus activity. This test could be used to monitor inflammation, which could indicate changes in disease activity or response to treatment. Limitations of the test: Like CRP, the ESR is not specific to lupus. Because there are many causes for a positive result, including infection, the test is not diagnostic for lupus. Nor can it distinguish a lupus flare from an infection. Also, the level doesn't directly correlate with lupus disease activity. So it isn't necessarily useful for monitoring disease activity. |
8cab0ccdddee1dd45fa3466a5dc533f3 | What are the uses and limitations of a chemistry panel for lupus? | Chemistry Panel What it is: A chemistry panel is a test to assess kidney function and liver function. It also gives information on electrolytes, blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. Why the test is used: Abnormalities may indicate the development of complications from lupus. They could also result from treatments for such conditions as kidney disease, elevated blood sugar levels, elevated cholesterol levels, and liver disease. |
a88ef83722b25350e58617a541564c5d | What are the uses and limitations of an anti-Ro(SSA) and anti-La(SSB) test for lupus? | Anti- Ro( SSA) and Anti- La( SSB) What it is: Anti- Ro( SSA) and Anti- La( SSB) are two antibodies that are commonly found together. They are specific against ribonucleic acid ( RNA) proteins. Why the test is used: Anti- Ro is found in anywhere from 24% to 60% of lupus patients. It's also found in 70% of people with another autoimmune disorder called Sjögren's syndrome. Anti- La is found in 35% of people with Sjögren's syndrome. For this reason, their presence may be useful in diagnosing one of these disorders. Both antibodies are associated with neonatal lupus, a rare but potentially serious problem in newborns. In pregnant women, a positive Anti- Ro( SSA) or Anti- La( SSB) warns doctors of the need to monitor the unborn baby. Limitations of the test: Like other antibodies, the fact that the test is not positive in many people with lupus means it can't be used to diagnose lupus. Also, it is more indicative of Sjögren's syndrome than of lupus. |
1035e3e308c1e79c7a866236ab8dc431 | What are the uses and limitations of an antiphospholipid antibodies test for lupus? | Antiphospholipid Antibodies ( APLs) What it is: APLs are a type of antibody directed against phospholipids. Why the test is used: APLs are present in up to 60% of people with lupus. Their presence can help confirm a diagnosis. A positive test is also used to help identify women with lupus that have certain risks that require preventive treatment and monitoring. Those risks include blood clots, miscarriage, or preterm birth. Limitations of the test: APLs may also occur in people without lupus. Their presence alone is not enough for a lupus diagnosis. |
8ce5f1d596c83fd662a73f3cccfee651 | What are the uses and limitations of an antinuclear antibody test for lupus? | Antinuclear Antibody ( ANA) What it is: ANA is a type of antibody directed against the cells' nuclei. Why the test is used: ANA is present in nearly everybody with active lupus. Doctors often use the ANA test as a screening tool. Plus, looking at patterns of the antibodies can sometimes help doctors determine the specific disease a person has. That, in turn, helps determine which treatment would be most appropriate. Limitations of the test: Although almost all people with lupus have the antibody, a positive result doesn't necessarily indicate lupus. Positive results are often seen with some other diseases and in a smaller percentage of people without lupus or other autoimmune disorders. So a positive ANA by itself is not enough for a lupus diagnosis. Doctors must consider the result of this test along with other criteria. |
980676c88e451230cff4feb34d115a68 | What are the uses and limitations of a complete blood cell count for lupus? | Complete Blood Cell Count ( CBC) What it is: CBC is a test to measure levels of different blood cells. Why the test is used: Abnormalities in blood cell counts, including white blood cells and red blood cells, may occur in people with lupus. This may be related to the lupus, lupus treatments, or infection. For example, leukopenia, a decrease in the number of white blood cells, is found in about 50% of people with lupus. Thrombocytopenia, or a low platelet count, occurs in about 50% of people with lupus, as well. Doctors can use this test to monitor these potentially serious problems. Limitations of the test: Many other medical conditions can cause abnormalities in blood cell counts. So the test by itself is not specific to a lupus diagnosis. |
4b7c08d0b90ab5386331fbe5ca5e8b7b | What are the uses and limitations of an anti-Sm test for lupus? | Anti- Sm What it is: Anti- Sm is an antibody directed against Sm, a specific protein found in the cell nucleus. Why the test is used: The protein is found in up to 30% of people with lupus. It's rarely found in people without lupus. So a positive test can help confirm a lupus diagnosis. Limitations of the test: Up to only 30% of people with lupus have a positive anti- Sm test. So relying on an anti- Sm result alone would miss a large majority of people with lupus. |
d15c7333ccbca6426b2b561ba6d893b3 | What are the uses and limitations of an anti-dsDNA for lupus? | Anti-ds DNA What it is: Anti-ds DNA is a protein directed against double-stranded DNA. DNA is the material that makes up the body's genetic code. Why the test is used: Between 75% and 90% of people with lupus have a positive anti-ds DNA test. Also, the test is very specific for lupus. Therefore, a positive test can be useful in confirming a diagnosis. For many people, the titer, or level, of the antibodies rises as the disease becomes more active. So, doctors can also use it to help measure disease activity. Also, the presence of anti-ds DNA indicates a greater risk of lupus nephritis, a kidney inflammation that occurs with lupus. So a positive test can alert doctors to the need to monitor the kidneys. Limitations of the test: Up to 25% of people with lupus have a negative test. So, a negative test doesn't mean a person doesn't have lupus. |
80947ce4374ea24a8817985bd1314d38 | What are side effects of antiplatelet drugs? | Antiplatelets can cause: Nausea Upset stomach Stomach pain Diarrhea Rash Itching To ease nausea and stomach upset, take these with meals. Call your doctor if these side effects are severe or don't go away. |
6121d48848139f348bb00c23b744b635 | When should you call a doctor about side effects from antiplatelet drugs? | Contact your doctor right away if you have any of the following while you take antiplatelets: Blood in the urine or stool Nosebleeds Any unusual bruising Heavy bleeding from cuts Black tarry stools Coughing up of blood Unusually heavy menstrual bleeding or unexpected vaginal bleeding Vomit that looks like coffee grounds Dizziness Severe headache Difficulty swallowing Shortness of breath Difficulty breathing or wheezing Tightness in chest, chest pain Fever, chills, sore throat Swelling of the face or hands Ringing in the ears Severe stomach pain Side effects can be worse in people with asthma and allergies. |
46e7ccc9b3439df2328de40503d31b18 | What are antiplatelet drugs used for? | When you are wounded, platelets arrive on the scene and group together to form a clot that stops the bleeding. This is a good thing when an injury involves a break in your skin. But platelets can also group when injury to a blood vessel comes from the inside, as may happen in an artery affected by atherosclerosis. In this situation, the platelets cause blood clots in an already injured artery. Antiplatelet medications can prevent this from happening. Antiplatelets may be prescribed to folks with a history of: Coronary artery disease Heart attack Angina (chest pain) Stroke and transient ischemic attacks ( TIAs) Peripheral artery disease Antiplatelets are also used: After angioplasty and stent placement After heart bypass or valve replacement surgery Usually once or twice a day. |
7e37a65866bbe6507487834eb9f24395 | How is transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) used to treat bleeding varices? | A radiological procedure in which a stent (a tubular device) is placed in the middle of the liver. The stent connects the hepatic vein with the portal vein. This procedure is done by placing a catheter through a vein in the neck. It is done to relieve the high blood pressure that has built up in the portal vein and the liver. |
4c1c34b463f1555541445ab863734ee2 | How do you treat severe cases of bleeding varices? | This increased pressure in the portal vein causes blood to be pushed away from the liver to smaller blood vessels, which are not able to handle the increased amount of blood. |
198da5dafc4805efecc28a9b05a383f9 | How serious is bleeding from varices? | Symptoms include: Vomiting of blood Black, tarry, or bloody stool Low blood pressure Rapid heart rate Lightheadedness Shock (in severe cases) Bleeding from varices is a medical emergency. If the bleeding is not controlled quickly, a person may go into shock or die. Even after the bleeding has been stopped, there can be serious complications, such as pneumonia, sepsis, liver failure, kidney failure, confusion, and coma. |
24d06f666f1f426fdb216dd7e76f547e | What does what you eat when working out depend on if you have type 2 diabetes? | What to eat depends on a few things: How high your blood sugar is before you work out How long you'll be at it What time of day you plan to do it How your body reacts to exercise Check your blood sugar. |
da1a669fe1eb72eeb712e4de9e00d569 | When is the best time to eat after working out if I have diabetes? | Even if you don't need a snack right after you work out, you'll still need to build your energy back to help your muscles recover. The best time to eat is between 30 minutes and 2 hours after you're done. |
fd73560f98b1997408213eb5520399eb | What should you eat if you plan on working out for at least an hour if you have diabetes? | These snacks offer 15 grams of carbs with little prep time: 1 small piece of fresh fruit (4 ounces) 1 slice of bread (1 ounce) or 1 (6-inch) tortilla 1/2 cup of oatmeal 2/3 cup of plain fat-free yogurt or sweetened with sugar substitutes These have 30 grams of carbs: 1/2 peanut butter sandwich (1 slice whole wheat bread with 1 tablespoon peanut butter) and 1 cup milk 1 English muffin and 1 teaspoon low-fat margarine 3/4 cup whole grain, ready-to-eat cereal and 1/2 cup fat-free milk If your reading is below 150 mg/dl and you plan to work out for at least an hour, choose something with protein. These choices have it and less than 5 grams of carbs each: 15 almonds 1 tablespoon peanut butter 1 hard-boiled egg 1 piece of string cheese Many people with diabetes find that snacks with a ratio of 3 grams of carbs to 1 gram of protein work well. |
67a7b00abe1c14210dff69b4b9d0d579 | Should I eat protein before working out if I have diabetes? | These snacks offer 15 grams of carbs with little prep time: 1 small piece of fresh fruit (4 ounces) 1 slice of bread (1 ounce) or 1 (6-inch) tortilla 1/2 cup of oatmeal 2/3 cup of plain fat-free yogurt or sweetened with sugar substitutes These have 30 grams of carbs: 1/2 peanut butter sandwich (1 slice whole wheat bread with 1 tablespoon peanut butter) and 1 cup milk 1 English muffin and 1 teaspoon low-fat margarine 3/4 cup whole grain, ready-to-eat cereal and 1/2 cup fat-free milk If your reading is below 150 mg/dl and you plan to work out for at least an hour, choose something with protein. These choices have it and less than 5 grams of carbs each: 15 almonds 1 tablespoon peanut butter 1 hard-boiled egg 1 piece of string cheese Many people with diabetes find that snacks with a ratio of 3 grams of carbs to 1 gram of protein work well. There's no need to take a protein supplement. Your food has enough. |
61fc19a807c0384cd5bc583b57fc699d | Is it normal for my blood sugar to still be low for up to 24 hours after exercise? | Your sugar level can drop for up to 24 hours after moderate or intense exercise. If it's still below 100 mg/dl at bedtime, double up on your snack. If you take insulin, ask your doctor if it's OK to lower your dose at bedtime. |
cce315021e092c19ebee25cdb8616bc9 | How do I know what I should eat before or after working out if I have diabetes? | What to eat depends on a few things: How high your blood sugar is before you work out How long you'll be at it What time of day you plan to do it How your body reacts to exercise Check your blood sugar. |
266da52ad996c744992d33d78d4aaf06 | What should you eat when you work out if you have type 2 diabetes? | You'll need to fuel up the right way before, during, and after you work out. If you can manage your diabetes with diet and exercise alone, you don't need a pre-workout snack any more than someone without the disease. But if you take insulin or a drug that pushes your pancreas to make it, you might have to think before you snack. |
4943fb86257b2f738002b044f0ac4395 | How can I prepare for long exercise sessions if I have diabetes? | If you take insulin or diabetes meds, ask your doctor if you need to make adjustments for exercise. If you're going to head out for a bike trip, marathon, or day-long hike, take some snacks with you. Food may not be easy to carry around if you're in a race. Glucose gels and tablets or sports drinks can be good options. Count the carbs like you would with food. Tip: Your body will absorb carbs more quickly if they're in liquids and gels. This can come in handy if you're going full tilt. |
909b8871d89698ba073cc671d9b83a34 | What are easy snacks with 30 grams of carbs? | These snacks offer 15 grams of carbs with little prep time: 1 small piece of fresh fruit (4 ounces) 1 slice of bread (1 ounce) or 1 (6-inch) tortilla 1/2 cup of oatmeal 2/3 cup of plain fat-free yogurt or sweetened with sugar substitutes These have 30 grams of carbs: 1/2 peanut butter sandwich (1 slice whole wheat bread with 1 tablespoon peanut butter) and 1 cup milk 1 English muffin and 1 teaspoon low-fat margarine 3/4 cup whole grain, ready-to-eat cereal and 1/2 cup fat-free milk If your reading is below 150 mg/dl and you plan to work out for at least an hour, choose something with protein. |
c0892ab61ebda9dd48a1a379957aab0b | What should you do after you work out if you have type 2 diabetes? | If your next regularly scheduled meal or snack is 30-60 minutes later, 15 grams of carbs should hold you. If your next meal or snack is more than an hour away, have about 15 grams of carbs and 7 or 8 grams of protein. Your sugar level can drop for up to 24 hours after moderate or intense exercise. If it's still below 100 mg/dl at bedtime, double up on your snack. If you take insulin, ask your doctor if it's OK to lower your dose at bedtime. Even if you don't need a snack right after you work out, you'll still need to build your energy back to help your muscles recover. The best time to eat is between 30 minutes and 2 hours after you're done. |
fe1dc8c2dca082dd01a00b0ceedb737a | Which snacks have 13 grams of carbs if you have diabetes? | These snacks offer 15 grams of carbs with little prep time: 1 small piece of fresh fruit (4 ounces) 1 slice of bread (1 ounce) or 1 (6-inch) tortilla 1/2 cup of oatmeal 2/3 cup of plain fat-free yogurt or sweetened with sugar substitutes These have 30 grams of carbs: 1/2 peanut butter sandwich (1 slice whole wheat bread with 1 tablespoon peanut butter) and 1 cup milk 1 English muffin and 1 teaspoon low-fat margarine 3/4 cup whole grain, ready-to-eat cereal and 1/2 cup fat-free milk If your reading is below 150 mg/dl and you plan to work out for at least an hour, choose something with protein. |
8ef9e5d4a05d9daa59e100bfe7152ab8 | What can the timing of nausea or vomiting tell you? | Nausea or vomiting one to eight hours after a meal may also indicate food poisoning. However, certain food- borne bacteria, such as salmonella, can take longer to produce symptoms. |
df66f1eab07f39e6fcb600c86c86ebfb | How do I prevent vomiting once I feel nauseated? | When you begin to feel nauseated, you may be able to prevent vomiting by: Drinking small amounts of clear, sweetened liquids such as soda or fruit juices (except orange and grapefruit juices, because these are too acidic) Resting either in a sitting position or in a propped lying position; activity may worsen nausea and may lead to vomiting. To prevent nausea and vomiting in children: To treat motion sickness in a car, seat your child so he or she faces the front windshield (watching fast movement out the side windows can make the nausea worse). Also, reading or playing video games in the car could cause motion sickness. Don't let kids eat and play at the same time. |
8aa5ed8009b814f04413127b67d92ddd | When should I seek immediate care if I'm vomiting? | You should seek immediate medical care if any of the following situations occur with vomiting: There is blood in the vomit (bright red or "coffee grounds" in appearance) Severe headache or stiff neck Lethargy, confusion, or a decreased alertness Severe abdominal pain Diarrhea Rapid breathing or pulse Treatment for vomiting (regardless of age or cause) includes: Drinking gradually larger amounts of clear liquids Avoiding solid food until the vomiting episode has passed If vomiting and diarrhea last more than 24 hours, an oral rehydrating solution such as Pedialyte should be used to prevent and treat dehydration. |
0a4e4de906b86d538bc2e968752ac2c8 | What causes vomiting in children? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Nausea and vomiting are not diseases, but they are symptoms of many conditions such as: Motion sickness or seasickness Early stages of pregnancy (nausea occurs in approximately 50%-90% of all pregnancies; vomiting in 25%-55%) Medication-induced vomiting Intense pain Emotional stress (such as fear) Gallbladder disease Food poisoning Infections (such as the "stomach flu") Overeating A reaction to certain smells or odors Heart attack Concussion or brain injury Brain tumor Ulcers Some forms of cancer Bulimia or other psychological illnesses Gastroparesis or slow stomach emptying (a condition that can be seen in people with diabetes) Ingestion of toxins or excessive amounts of alcohol Bowel obstruction Appendicitis The causes of vomiting differ according to age. For children, it is common for vomiting to occur from a viral infection, food poisoning, milk allergy, motion sickness, overeating or feeding, coughing, or blocked intestines and illnesses in which the child has a high fever. |
6f33f3e58cd3ff67ec13b5e77acd5b0e | What can happen if you vomit while pregnant? | Recurrent vomiting in pregnancy can lead to a serious condition called hyperemesis gravidarum in which the mother may develop fluid and mineral imbalances that can endanger her life or that of her unborn child. |
9256a7421a8caf1f9baa4c4509f0372e | When should you call the doctor about nausea and vomiting? | Call a doctor about nausea and vomiting: If the nausea lasts for more than a few days or if there is a possibility of being pregnant If home treatment is not working, dehydration is present, or a known injury has occurred (such as head injury or infection) that may be causing the vomiting Adults should consult a doctor if vomiting occurs for more than one day, diarrhea and vomiting last more than 24 hours, or there are signs of dehydration. Take an infant or child under six years to the doctor if vomiting lasts more than a few hours, diarrhea is present, signs of dehydration occur, there is a fever, or if the child hasn't urinated for 4-6 hours. Take a child over age six years to the doctor if vomiting lasts one day, diarrhea combined with vomiting lasts for more than 24 hours, there are any signs of dehydration, there is a fever higher than 101 degrees, or the child hasn't urinated for six hours. |
1553308ae63e8f8f9f4698e97f0ca35a | What causes nausea or vomiting? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Nausea and vomiting are not diseases, but they are symptoms of many conditions such as: Motion sickness or seasickness Early stages of pregnancy (nausea occurs in approximately 50%-90% of all pregnancies; vomiting in 25%-55%) Medication-induced vomiting Intense pain Emotional stress (such as fear) Gallbladder disease Food poisoning Infections (such as the "stomach flu") Overeating A reaction to certain smells or odors Heart attack Concussion or brain injury Brain tumor Ulcers Some forms of cancer Bulimia or other psychological illnesses Gastroparesis or slow stomach emptying (a condition that can be seen in people with diabetes) Ingestion of toxins or excessive amounts of alcohol Bowel obstruction Appendicitis The causes of vomiting differ according to age. |
c0c285ef745bfbcd3555fb2455499ed3 | How can I get dehydration from vomiting? | Adults have a lower risk of becoming dehydrated, because they can usually detect the symptoms of dehydration (such as increased thirst and dry lips or mouth). But young children have a greater risk of becoming dehydrated, especially if they also have diarrhea, because they often are unable to communicate symptoms of dehydration. Adults caring for sick children need to be aware of these visible signs of dehydration: dry lips and mouth, sunken eyes, and rapid breathing or pulse. In infants, also watch for decreased urination and a sunken fontanelle (soft spot on top of the baby's head). |
7d7c743e71358c7b7d4620b6313cc6b8 | What are symptoms of short bowel syndrome? | Doctors may remove the small intestine as part of a treatment for: Crohn's disease, a lifelong inflammatory bowel disease that causes belly pain, diarrhea, and other digestive problems Cancer Damage from cancer treatment, like radiation therapy Bowel injury The main symptom of short bowel syndrome is diarrhea that doesn't go away. You or your child may also have: Cramping Bloating Gas Heartburn Weakness Fatigue Weight loss Since your body has trouble getting nutrients and vitamins from food, it can also cause: Anemia (not enough red blood cells) Easy bruising Fatty liver Gallstones Kidney stones Bone pain and osteoporosis (thinning and fragile bones) Trouble eating certain foods If you're having any symptoms and you've had a lot of your small intestine removed, your doctor may already suspect short bowel syndrome. |
7f926d0d4542fce34317000ac52904e9 | What questions will my doctor most likely ask when diagnosing me with short bowel syndrome? | Along with the tests, your doctor will probably also ask you questions about your symptoms, like: How are you feeling? When did your symptoms begin? Do you have any other medical conditions? How are your energy levels? Are you having any diarrhea? Do you have problems after you eat certain foods? What makes your symptoms better? What makes them worse? |
b7fbfc518e667c85e438d543143b7f4f | What other conditions could I have if I'm malnourished due to short bowel syndrome? | You or your child may also have: Cramping Bloating Gas Heartburn Weakness Fatigue Weight loss Since your body has trouble getting nutrients and vitamins from food, it can also cause: Anemia (not enough red blood cells) Easy bruising Fatty liver Gallstones Kidney stones Bone pain and osteoporosis (thinning and fragile bones) Trouble eating certain foods If you're having any symptoms and you've had a lot of your small intestine removed, your doctor may already suspect short bowel syndrome. |
5cad8a6ab396e462924c9b3eed0c729b | Can you ease the symptoms of short bowel syndrome? | If you learn you have short bowel syndrome, know that doctors can do a lot of things to ease your symptoms and make sure you get the right nutrition. People who have the disease can lead active lives. Over time, your body may adjust to having a shorter small intestine, and you may be able to take fewer medicines. The key is to stick to your treatment plan and get the support you need. |
6c68581a0f51efbf7d9e59c0f3dc9059 | How do you treat short bowel syndrome? | For mild cases, you may need to have several small meals a day, along with extra fluids, vitamins, and minerals. Your doctor will probably also give you medicine for diarrhea. Treatment is the same for moderate cases, but from time to time, you may need extra fluids and minerals through an IV. For more serious cases, you may get an IV feeding tube instead of eating meals. Or, you may have a tube placed directly into your stomach or small intestine. If your condition improves enough, you can stop the tube feedings. In the most severe cases, people need IV feeding tubes all the time. |
bf29feb47d1085ccc567a8ba075b75e2 | How is a liver biopsy done? | Most of the time, doctors make a small cut on your belly and use a hollow needle to get the cells they need. They use a CT scan or an ultrasound to see where to place the needle. The biopsy takes about 5 minutes, but you may need a few hours to recover. |
d0c3719f861dafdc1b46619a5a1b4297 | What other health problems can short bowel syndrome cause? | You or your child may also have: Cramping Bloating Gas Heartburn Weakness Fatigue Weight loss Since your body has trouble getting nutrients and vitamins from food, it can also cause: Anemia (not enough red blood cells) Easy bruising Fatty liver Gallstones Kidney stones Bone pain and osteoporosis (thinning and fragile bones) Trouble eating certain foods If you're having any symptoms and you've had a lot of your small intestine removed, your doctor may already suspect short bowel syndrome. |
9b662dbf3af7ba812c08371f16930444 | What causes short bowel syndrome? | Adults usually have about 20 feet of small intestine. Those with short bowel syndrome usually have at least half of their small intestine missing or removed. There are a lot of reasons why this might happen. Some babies are born with bowel problems that damage parts of the intestine. Others are just born with shorter bowels. Most often, short bowel syndrome happens after surgery to remove a large part of the small intestine. Doctors may remove the small intestine as part of a treatment for: Crohn's disease, a lifelong inflammatory bowel disease that causes belly pain, diarrhea, and other digestive problems Cancer Damage from cancer treatment, like radiation therapy Bowel injury The main symptom of short bowel syndrome is diarrhea that doesn't go away. |
f2ef9a42c790f91781793dec081ad220 | What should you eat to help with ADHD? | Experts say that whatever is good for the brain is likely to be good for ADHD. You may want to eat: A high-protein diet. Beans, cheese, eggs, meat, and nuts can be good sources of protein. Eat these kinds of foods in the morning and for after-school snacks. It may improve concentration and possibly make ADHD medications work longer. More complex carbohydrates. These are the good guys. Load up on vegetables and some fruits, including oranges, tangerines, pears, grapefruit, apples, and kiwi. Eat this type of food in the evening, and it may help you sleep. More omega-3 fatty acids. You can find these in tuna, salmon, and other cold-water white fish. Walnuts, Brazil nuts, and olive and canola oils are other foods with these in them. You could also take an omega-3 fatty acid supplement. The FDA approved an omega compound called Vayarin as part of an ADHD management strategy. Simple carbohydrates. Cut down on how many of these you eat: Candy Corn syrup Honey Sugar Products made from white flour White rice Potatoes without the skins. |
0ebfa58c4fc77fd82c03c29d363da601 | Where can I find omega-3 fatty acids for my ADHD diet? | You can find these in tuna, salmon, and other cold-water white fish. Walnuts, Brazil nuts, and olive and canola oils are other foods with these in them. You could also take an omega-3 fatty acid supplement. |
c407c5bc280b989c86084cca2f9ff533 | What are concerns about eliminating sugar to help with ADHD? | Sugar: Some children become hyperactive after eating candy or other sugary foods. No evidence suggests that this is a cause of ADHD, though. For the best overall nutrition, sugary foods should be a small part of anyone's diet. But you can try cutting them to see if symptoms improve. |
3cc31997da572626156ec9a25158a10c | What is an elimination diet for ADHD? | Elimination diets: These involve not eating foods or ingredients that you think might be triggering certain behaviors or making your symptoms worse. |
cd3c969a10b1964d63eb2f6431fb9a19 | What specific food additives should be eliminated in a child's ADHD diet? | Based on this and other recent studies, the American Academy of Pediatrics now agrees that eliminating preservatives and food colorings from the diet is a reasonable option for children with ADHD. Some experts recommend that people with ADHD avoid these substances: Artificial colors, especially red and yellow Food additives such as aspartame, MSG (monosodium glutamate), and nitrites. Some studies have linked hyperactivity to the preservative sodium benzoate. |
1a49871068878e39db19647ba8cddbb5 | Are there any studies that prove eliminating food additives from diet will help ADHD symptoms? | Some say the idea of cutting all those things out of a diet is unfounded and unsupported by science. But one study has shown that some food coloring and one preservative did make some children more hyperactive. |
c54f27cd60d0d0446712f68f202f2021 | How do I follow an elimination diet for ADHD? | To follow one of these, you pick a particular food or ingredient you think might be making your symptoms worse. Then you don't eat anything with that in it. If the symptoms get better or go away, then you keep avoiding that food. |
72bbc9609d8a96cdcbed34725cd8ef0d | What are concerns about eliminating food additives to help with ADHD? | Still, here are some common areas of concern and what the experts suggest: Food additives: In 1975, an allergist first proposed that artificial colors, flavors, and preservatives might lead to hyperactivity in some children. Since then, researchers and child behavior experts have hotly debated this issue. Some say the idea of cutting all those things out of a diet is unfounded and unsupported by science. But one study has shown that some food coloring and one preservative did make some children more hyperactive. But the effects varied according to age and additive. Based on this and other recent studies, the American Academy of Pediatrics now agrees that eliminating preservatives and food colorings from the diet is a reasonable option for children with ADHD. Some experts recommend that people with ADHD avoid these substances: Artificial colors, especially red and yellow Food additives such as aspartame, MSG (monosodium glutamate), and nitrites. Some studies have linked hyperactivity to the preservative sodium benzoate. |
2de6d6ba95f7de6f4f32fa1a3a645f5a | How can overall nutrition affect ADHD? | You may hear about these choices that you could focus on: Overall nutrition: The assumption is that some foods you eat may make your symptoms better or worse. You might also not be eating some things that could help make symptoms better. |
818822202c8f6cfdd1a0e7f6cbe0e1fc | Should sugar be eliminated from the diet of someone with ADHD? | Sugar: Some children become hyperactive after eating candy or other sugary foods. No evidence suggests that this is a cause of ADHD, though. For the best overall nutrition, sugary foods should be a small part of anyone's diet. |
b549406166b01146b3bf8101abdcd679 | How can supplementation diet affect ADHD? | Supplementation diet: With this plan, you add vitamins, minerals, or other nutrients. The idea is that it could help you make up for not getting enough of these through what you eat. Supporters of these diets think that if you don't get enough of certain nutrients, it may add to your symptoms. |
e129d610d9baea62e50e707b53420fe8 | Does the elimination diet work in helping ADHD? | Research in all these areas is ongoing and the results are not clear-cut. Most scientists don't recommend this approach for managing ADHD, though. |
a0e218a8623c47dfdb53000c56f37a65 | Are ADHD diets backed by research studies? | ADHD diets haven't been researched a lot. Data is limited, and results are mixed. Many health experts, though, think that what you eat and drink may help ease symptoms. |
8145c09b6a6ac5439be439e9e7823251 | What are concerns about eliminating caffeine to help with ADHD? | Caffeine: Small amounts of it may help with some ADHD symptoms in children, studies have shown. But the side effects of caffeine may outweigh any potential benefit. Most experts recommend that people eat or drink less caffeine or just avoid it. It you take medication for ADHD, caffeine can make some side effects worse. |
de6f04ed7f8b13a67952ec7bb9591588 | Should caffeine be eliminated from the diet of a person with ADHD? | But the side effects of caffeine may outweigh any potential benefit. Most experts recommend that people eat or drink less caffeine or just avoid it. |
080e183e5bec2f1a8b28b8e92cef1d55 | How can elimination diets affect ADHD? | Elimination diets: These involve not eating foods or ingredients that you think might be triggering certain behaviors or making your symptoms worse. |
817db16ee7a536d431515589e68eb27f | Can what you eat and drink help with ADHD? | ADHD diets haven't been researched a lot. Data is limited, and results are mixed. Many health experts, though, think that what you eat and drink may help ease symptoms. |
8e3559026787e8b84084da62686b923d | What is a supplementation diet for ADHD? | Supplementation diet: With this plan, you add vitamins, minerals, or other nutrients. The idea is that it could help you make up for not getting enough of these through what you eat. Supporters of these diets think that if you don't get enough of certain nutrients, it may add to your symptoms. |
55e527f3120b030f865903084b1bb5c1 | Can diet or nutritional problems cause ADHD? | There's no clear scientific evidence that ADHD is caused by diet or nutritional problems. |
2687faa292386e131c131abd9dcef4b5 | When should I see my doctor to treat symptomatic relief medications? | Note: if symptomatic relief medications are used more than twice a week, you should see your doctor, who may prescribe preventive headache medications. Overuse of symptomatic medications can actually cause more frequent headaches or worsen headache symptoms. |
ee5859ae75af6e78e038abc3e652d925 | What can increase your risk for colorectal cancer? | Overall, only about 4.2% of men in the U. S. develop colorectal cancer, but several factors increase your risk: Age: Your risk of colorectal cancer goes up as you age. It is much more common to get it after age 50, but studies are showing a colon cancer rise in younger adults. Family History: If people in your immediate family or near relations had colorectal cancer at a young age, you should be screened earlier. Previous Colorectal Cancer: If you've had cancer removed already, you're at higher risk to develop a new one. Inflammatory Bowel Disease: If you have had a condition such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis for several years, your risk of colorectal cancer goes up. |
e50aa57ef19080df0d4bf53281311045 | What happens when you're exposed to the virus that causes cold sores? | When you're first exposed to the virus, you're likely to get a cold sore. After a week or two, it'll go away on its own. Then the virus goes dormant in your body. You may never have another cold sore outbreak again, but many people do. |
a6f88e5182e6f3a4be0b8006897c79fa | How do you spread the virus that causes cold sores? | Herpes simplex is spread by close contact. If you kiss someone with a cold sore, or you touch his face and then touch your own face, you can catch the virus. You can also get herpes simplex by sharing lip balm, a fork, a mug or a razor with someone who has it. You're most likely to get the virus from someone who has an active cold sore, but it's also possible to contract it from someone who doesn't have a sore or blister showing. |
eaed0c6ab5974748d333d972a484c019 | What are things that bring on cold sores? | Some things that make an outbreak more likely are: A cold or other illness A fever Stress Too much sun Your period There are many that you can do at home to soothe the sting of a cold sore, such as: Ice. |
6e2f7a6adb3d59ab5e05c5cb9a0d87ad | Can aloe vera gel treat cold sores? | The same gel used for sunburn may help a cold sore to heal. |
8f4c47d577075bcd677d90b2f7023948 | What are the early symptoms of mononucleosis? | The early symptoms of mononucleosis are like those of the flu, including: Severe fatigue Headache Sore throat, which sometimes can be very severe Chills, followed by a fever Muscle aches After a day or two, someone with mono may also have: Swollen lymph nodes Jaundice (a yellow tinge to the skin and eyes) A measles-like skin rash anywhere on the face or body. |
d0c8aed754a0039944aaff84b89b0214 | What makes you more likely to get Goodpasture syndrome? | Goodpasture syndrome can run in families. So some researchers believe it may have a genetic component. Other factors that may increase the risk of Goodpasture syndrome include: Exposure to certain chemicals, such as hydrocarbon solvents and the weed killer paraquat Exposure to metallic dust Use of certain drugs, such as cocaine Tobacco smoking Viral infections Goodpasture syndrome usually affects young men. |
ee7a48a734fca3095940abe0a74637eb | What is an electrophysiology (EP) study? | An electrophysiology ( EP) study is a test that records the electrical activity and the electrical pathways of your heart. This test is used to help determine the cause of your heart rhythm disturbance and the best treatment for you. During the EP study, your doctor will safely reproduce your abnormal heart rhythm and then may give you different medications to see which one controls it best or to determine the best procedure or device to treat your heart rhythm. |
4e1e4b9537143c78a3e8fc7ab06edaca | How does your body make growth hormone? | Growth hormone is made by the pituitary gland. It's a pea-sized gland near the center of your head, just below the front of the brain and behind your nose. |
0364ebc264203bf61290dadd23e267c8 | What will you need to do before you take a growth hormone stimulation test? | If you need to take a growth hormone stimulation test, you may need to: Fast: Some medical experts recommend up to 12 hours without food before the test. Talk to your doctor about this beforehand to find out what you should do in your case. Avoid certain medications: These include insulin, birth control pills, and the herb St. John's wort. If you take these or any other medicines, talk to your doctor to see what you need to do. Don't exercise: Workouts 10 hours or less before the test can throw off resting hormone levels. |
e822f4c6496196ff8ababbf6cc6d2ee5 | What will my doctor do if she suspects I have sarcoidosis? | Your doctor may also order pulmonary-function tests, which measure how well your lungs are working. |
902c8b1d30c55c0074d86e61aa78d0f4 | What if my shampoo irritates my scalp? | What helps: Switch to a new shampoo. Look for fragrance-free, organic shampoo for color-treated hair or mild "baby" shampoos. Be sure to give your hair a good rinse. |
3d299567889e06b1d9c88b213889f8b8 | What hair products can irritate your scalp? | Treatments that color, bleach, or straighten your hair are the most likely hair products to irritate your scalp. If you use heat during processing -- to help lighten hair, for example -- the irritation can be worse. |
a44abae87e21542c9bff47e534d57371 | What can I do if the weather affects my sensitive scalp? | What helps: Try to keep indoor temperatures "just right" -- not too warm or too cool. Wash your hair less in winter to keep in oils and moisture that protect your scalp. |
a2b9c7e46b37d1203464c702e0b6d109 | Why do some shampoos cause irritation to my sensitive scalp? | Wash your hair less in winter to keep in oils and moisture that protect your scalp. |
c96967533958f64db8f1149e349ab039 | How should I experiment with a new hair product? | What helps: Always do a patch test to see how your skin reacts before using a new hair product. If it stings or itches, try a different brand. If you're coloring your hair, try a semi-permanent color or a rinse. Permanent color has an ingredient called PPDA that can cause an allergic reaction. To limit exposure to harsh chemicals, retouch the roots instead of doing all-over color every time. Or highlight instead of lightening all over. |
8f5023e622863e0288f064541da9c4dd | Which sites should be used for self-injection? | Important: Only use the sites on the front of your body for self-injection. Any of the sites may be used if someone else is giving you the injection. |
5754d6548298d332a21373082ead55be | What can happen if someone withdraws too much cloudy insulin? | Important: This must be an exact measurement. If you withdraw too much cloudy insulin, the total dosage in the syringe must be discarded. Be careful not to push any of the clear insulin from the syringe into the cloudy insulin. If there are large air bubbles after mixing the insulin in the syringe, discard this dosage and start the procedure again. Do not push the insulin back into the bottle. |
cc5f02907af1160253f0e7a81876a173 | How do you select and clean an injection site when giving yourself an insulin shot? | Do not inject near joints, the groin area, navel, the middle of the abdomen, or near scars. Clean the injection site (about 2 inches of your skin) in a circular motion with an alcohol wipe or a cotton ball dampened with rubbing alcohol. Leave the alcohol wipe or cotton ball nearby. |
2a5d31166ba1be6d65e99971dde87955 | What is an insulin shot? | Subcutaneous tissue (also called "sub Q" tissue) is found throughout your body. |
b86b2b029c5977551e86ecc708ece630 | What are the guidelines for injections? | Follow these guidelines: Ask your doctor, nurse, or health educator which sites you should use. Move the site of each injection. Inject at least 1 1/2 inches away from the last injection site. Try to use the same general injection area at the same time of each day (for example, use the abdomen for the injection before lunch). Note: The abdomen absorbs insulin the fastest, followed by the arms, thighs, and buttocks. Keep a record of which injection sites you have used. |
63f26bb1f35fa6b90e31672ae7156dc8 | How does someone prepare the insulin and syringe? | Remove the plastic cap from the insulin bottle. Roll the bottle of insulin between your hands two to three times to mix the insulin. Do not shake the bottle, as air bubbles can form and affect the amount of insulin withdrawn. Wipe off the rubber part on the top of the insulin bottle with an alcohol pad or cotton ball dampened with alcohol. Set the insulin bottle nearby on a flat surface. Remove the cap from the needle. |
bcc429657ae693e59c27b521c6278302 | Where should someone go to learn about proper disposal of insulin needles? | Do NOT put this container in the recycling bin. Some communities have specific disposal laws. Check with your local health department for specific disposal instructions in your community. |
224bc749e1a33f2b58d9a7b6d3b53165 | What is neuropathy? | Neuropathy: Nerve damage; people who have had diabetes that is not well controlled may develop nerve damage. |
465dd33be8a6bf60675ba31c81db9bb9 | What is the definition of renal? | Renal: Relating to the kidneys. |
e0c2b6576b84d48d87ffde3273fc5c8b | What is the definition of juvenile-onset diabetes? | Juvenile-onset diabetes: Former term used for type 1 diabetes. |
3b73c10d51cb821dfbcd65046ef75dfe | What are the adrenal glands? | Adrenal glands: Two endocrine glands that sit on top of the kidneys and make and release stress hormones, such as epinephrine (adrenaline), which stimulates carbohydrate metabolism; norepinephrine, which raises heart rate and blood pressure; and corticosteroid hormones, which control how the body utilizes fat, protein, carbohydrates, and minerals, and helps reduce inflammation. They also produce sex hormones like testosterone and can produce DHEA and progesterone. |
450706229e4cb337444e9e8c4be338a0 | What are fats? | The results should show an elevated blood glucose of more than 200 mg/d L. Fats: Substances that help the body use some vitamins and keep the skin healthy; they are also the main way the body stores energy. In food, there are many types of fats -- saturated, unsaturated, polyunsaturated, monounsaturated, and trans fats. To maintain your blood cholesterol and triglyceride (lipid) levels as near the normal ranges as possible, the American Diabetes Association recommends limiting the amount of saturated fats and cholesterol in our diets. Saturated fats contribute to blood levels of LDL (''bad'') cholesterol. The amount of saturated fats should be limited to less than 10% of total caloric intake, and the amount of dietary cholesterol should be limited to 300 mg/day. |
e4d9f32648531bd9ac6ab34a1eb169b7 | What are injection sites? | Injection sites: Places on the body where people can inject insulin most easily. |
71058f5de4e16bed3dce15ac65edb991 | What is an artery? | Artery: A blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to other parts of the body; arteries are thicker than veins and have stronger, more elastic walls. Arteries sometimes develop plaque within their walls in a process known as "atherosclerosis." These plaques can become fragile and rupture, leading to complications associated with diabetes, such as heart attacks and strokes. |
d98e539beec0ab1730956e1a94174e75 | What is the definition of adverse effect? | Adverse effect: Harmful effect. |
6b62022e8230a79ff728babf118b23db | What is ultralente insulin? | Ultralente insulin: A type of insulin that is long-acting; usually, the action of this type of insulin works for 25-36 hours after injection. This type of insulin has an onset of action four to five hours after injecting and works most powerfully at eight to 14 hours after injection. Other types of long-acting insulin include nsulin detemir ( Levemir) and iinsulin glargine ( Lantus).. Unit of insulin: The basic measure of insulin; U-100 is the most common concentration of insulin. |
62fb6f3b248f49744e36ac0d64ce453d | What are fats and what role do they play in diabetes? | The results should show an elevated blood glucose of more than 200 mg/d L. Fats: Substances that help the body use some vitamins and keep the skin healthy; they are also the main way the body stores energy. In food, there are many types of fats -- saturated, unsaturated, polyunsaturated, monounsaturated, and trans fats. To maintain your blood cholesterol and triglyceride (lipid) levels as near the normal ranges as possible, the American Diabetes Association recommends limiting the amount of saturated fats and cholesterol in our diets. Saturated fats contribute to blood levels of LDL (''bad'') cholesterol. The amount of saturated fats should be limited to less than 10% of total caloric intake, and the amount of dietary cholesterol should be limited to 300 mg/day. |
d7dcd6561e08fb702b7e5f1492661ebc | What is non-insulin dependent diabetes? | Non-insulin dependent diabetes: Former term for type 2 diabetes. |
b3b3a3d3a027299065314e932c37b024 | What is a bunion? | Bunion: Bump or bulge on the first joint of the big toe caused by the swelling of a sac of fluid under the skin and abnormalities in the joint; women are usually affected because of tight fitting or pointed shoes or high heels that put pressure on the toes, forcing the outward movement of the joint. People with flat feet or low arches are also prone to bunions. Shoes that fit well and are padded can prevent bunions from forming. Bunions may lead to other problems, such as serious infection from the big toe putting pressure on other toes. |
d1707827b8bcd91fd4c099cc84367e54 | What does blood pressure mean? | Blood pressure: The measurement of the pressure or force of blood against the blood vessels (arteries); blood pressure is written as two numbers. The first number or top number is called the systolic pressure and is the measure of pressure in the arteries when the heart beats and pushes more blood into the arteries. The second number, called the diastolic pressure, is the pressure in the arteries when the heart rests between beats. The ideal blood pressure for non-pregnant people with diabetes is 130/80 or less. |
ea93b37449484353aa0ccbc3db32eb02 | What does brittle diabetes mean? | Brittle diabetes: When a person's blood sugar level often shifts very quickly from high to low and from low to high. |
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