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2ec25c07e2b6ac3b441922f9f9890223 | How many people can recover completely or see improvements with schizophrenia? | Schizophrenia can be hard to treat, but it's not impossible. With the right medicine and therapy, about 25% of people with this disease will recover completely. Another 50% will see some improvement in their symptoms. Many people with the condition can live full, productive lives. |
2542b4200309b79c56135641bf6f2435 | How difficult is it for someone with schizophrenia to hold down a job? | Schizophrenia can make it harder for you to land a job and go to work every day. |
8b7f2871119f9f82e0bc673f7a54001b | What is the risk a child will get schizophrenia if the parent has it? | But just because one of your parents has this mental illness doesn't mean you're destined to get it. If one parent has schizophrenia, your risk of getting the condition is about 10%. Having more than one family member with it raises your risk. |
7b3fd4e0424a88dcb320aa4df84d8b94 | How difficult is it for someone with schizophrenia to do daily tasks? | The illness can make it harder for someone to take care of their daily needs, such as dressing and bathing. This doesn't mean they're "lazy." They just need some help with their daily routine. |
f0fc144985f314f8b8c22e7a9fa42ba7 | What is the relationship between schizophrenia and intelligence? | Some studies have that found that people with the condition have more trouble on tests of mental skills such as attention, learning, and memory. But that doesn't mean they're not intelligent. Many creative and smart people throughout history have had schizophrenia, such as Russian ballet dancer Vaslav Nijinsky and Nobel Prize-winning mathematician John Nash. Scientists are even looking into links between genes that may be related to both psychosis and creativity. |
0fe354891f5bc1bae982b381dfee44d7 | Can physical problems of the uterus cause abnormal uterine bleeding? | Millions of women have fibroids -- noncancerous tumors that grow in the muscles of the wall of the uterus. A polyp is another kind of growth that can form in the lining of your uterus. And a condition called adenomyosis causes the endometrium to grow into the tissue of the uterus. |
8238db29a070f2111d8ad2cbc97cc218 | How do NSAIDs treat abnormal uterine bleeding? | If you take anti-inflammatories like ibuprofen or naproxen a few days before your period starts, they may help lighten the bleeding. |
70ac4496ecc95c14bb509d67c19c5fe0 | Can abnormal uterine bleeding be diagnosed with a hysteroscopy? | Hysteroscopy: Your doctor will look inside your uterus with a tiny lighted scope that they put in through your cervix. |
c031dfdab12313dd95d96ee80ddaa34b | What are less common causes of abnormal uterine bleeding? | These are much less common, but abnormal uterine bleeding also can be caused by: Bleeding or clotting disorders or blood-thinning medicines Cancer of the cervix, endometrium, or uterus Illnesses that affect your kidneys, liver, thyroid, or adrenal glands Infection of your cervix or endometrium It can help to take detailed notes over a few cycles so you can give your doctor specific information about your symptoms. |
683adea2833efd0393f4a0b20ffe333b | Do doctors look at how often you get your period when diagnosing abnormal uterine bleeding? | Doctors check these things when diagnosing abnormal uterine bleeding: How often you get your period: Your period should be fairly regular -- the length of each cycle usually shouldn't change by more than a week. And if it's shorter than 3 weeks or longer than 5, that could be a sign of a problem. |
caa57f5668c214870c999c92ce94164f | Can abnormal uterine bleeding be diagnosed with an ultrasound? | Ultrasound: This uses sound waves to make images of the inside of your uterus so your doctor can look for fibroids or polyps. |
333c479c8f1205f79980f7136e9d1f96 | Can abnormal uterine bleeding be diagnosed with an MRI scan? | Magnetic resonance imaging scan: This uses radio waves and powerful magnets to make detailed pictures of your uterus. It's not used that often, but it can help spot adenomyosis. |
d6797df4c51f559be0330770292629de | Can abnormal uterine bleeding be diagnosed with a biopsy? | Biopsy: Your doctor may take out a small piece of tissue so it can be checked under a microscope for abnormal cells. |
0575cb828645c0be7eec4661435b0672 | What is endometrial ablation? | This uses heat, cold, electricity, or a laser to destroy the lining of the uterus. It may end your periods entirely. You probably won't be able to get pregnant after having it done, but it can be very dangerous if you do. You'll need to use birth control until menopause. |
add135a5c73b23d44215c32a73e34d60 | What is a myomectomy or uterine artery embolization? | It can also show if your hormones are out of balance or if you have a blood disorder or chronic disease. |
e65b5ea1f4e3331c6fbdaa3c81673b9a | What things can throw off your hormones and lead to abnormal uterine bleeding? | These things can throw off your hormones, too: Birth control pills and other medicines Fast weight loss or gain Emotional or physical stress An intrauterine device ( IUD) Another possible reason for abnormal bleeding is a physical problem with your uterus. |
8a76782615ed43522ad94501484f75f8 | Can abnormal uterine bleeding be diagnosed with blood work? | You'll probably get a pregnancy test, and you may also have: Blood work: Heavy bleeding can leave your body short of iron. A blood test can see if that's a problem for you. It can also show if your hormones are out of balance or if you have a blood disorder or chronic disease. |
3fa49c1e98c401b43fc945b5f4abd28d | What causes abnormal uterine bleeding? | Problems with your hormones are the most common reason for abnormal uterine bleeding. When one of your ovaries releases an egg (called ovulation), certain hormones tell your body to build up then shed the lining of your uterus (called the endometrium). With teenagers and women who are getting close to menopause, the endometrium can build up too much, and that can lead to an irregular or heavy period or spotting between periods. |
faeff538bf982f2a8b2eff363a66f36c | How does tranexamic acid treat abnormal uterine bleeding? | This is when your uterus is taken out. |
fe3efc9b3fc2f3ed21720fb4bd762f35 | Do doctors look at how long you get your period when diagnosing abnormal uterine bleeding? | How long it lasts: A typical period lasts 4 or 5 days. If yours is often less than 2 days or longer than a week, that could mean something's wrong. |
1026ead883a09c7a0373b047c42ba31c | How do hormones treat abnormal uterine bleeding? | Birth control pills and other hormone treatments may be able to give you regular menstrual cycles and lighter periods. |
b411892a296c0ddee6374d677eee9a9c | How do you treat abnormal uterine bleeding? | This will depend on the cause of the abnormal uterine bleeding -- if a chronic illness or a blood disorder is at the root of your symptoms, treating that can help. Your treatment also can depend on whether you plan to have children. It might not be safe to get pregnant after some treatments, while others can make it impossible. If you're close to menopause, your doctor may want to take a wait-and-see approach because your symptoms may get better on their own. |
540e6208a1a509b452f28fd9cc1bedb9 | How can women prevent migraines when theyâre on their period? | Women who often get migraine headaches around their periods can take preventive medicines when they know it's that time of the month. |
a3f0b431fbed87627687d12b9429f5bf | Is migraine hereditary? | Having your period Feeling very tired Skipping meals Changes to your sleep Yes, migraine headaches seem to run in families. Four out of 5 people with the condition have other family members who have them. If one parent has a history of these type of headaches, their child has a 50% chance of getting them, and if both parents have them, the risk jumps to 75%. |
342418fcdd9647d473b677942c95931f | What triggers a migraine? | Some common migraine triggers include: Stress. When you're stressed, your brain releases chemicals that can cause the blood vessel changes that can lead to a migraine. Foods. Some foods and drinks, such as aged cheese, alcohol, and food additives like nitrates (in pepperoni, hot dogs, lunchmeats) and monosodium glutamate ( MSG) may be responsible for up to 30% of migraines. Caffeine. Getting too much or withdrawing from it can cause headaches when the level in your body abruptly drops. Blood vessels seem to get used to caffeine, and when you don't have any, you may get a headache. Caffeine itself can be a treatment for acute migraine attacks. Changes in weather. Storm fronts, changes in barometric pressure, strong winds, or changes in altitude can all trigger a migraine. Having your period Feeling very tired Skipping meals Changes to your sleep Yes, migraine headaches seem to run in families. |
f27c464a008601fafc5b349a52d730ba | How does caffeine trigger a migraine? | Getting too much or withdrawing from it can cause headaches when the level in your body abruptly drops. Blood vessels seem to get used to caffeine, and when you don't have any, you may get a headache. Caffeine itself can be a treatment for acute migraine attacks. |
9bcd54e68f07db4b079c90f3c6e2dd65 | How do migraines happen? | A migraine is a powerful headache that often happens with nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light. Migraines can last from 4 hours to 3 days, and sometimes longer. The American Migraine Foundation estimates that more than 36 million Americans get them, women 3 times more often than men. |
f9316ba962d7bda0d259e33f476bc536 | When is nausea medicine used to treat migraines? | Your doctor can prescribe it if you get nausea with your migraine. |
ffdfe849d3d3a4b532713f1e676f0ec4 | What is a status migrainosus? | This rare and severe type of migraine can last more than 72 hours. The pain and nausea are so intense that you may need to go to the hospital. Sometimes medicines, or medication withdrawal, can cause them. |
8d3cbaa1c9d90d7f9553fb810ff3af21 | How does a migraine start? | A migraine starts when overactive nerve cells send out signals that activate the trigeminal nerve, the nerve that supplies sensation to your head and face. Activation of the nerve causes release of certain chemicals like serotonin and calcitonin gene-related peptide ( CGRP). CGRP causes blood vessels in the lining of the brain to swell. |
a23bfe06ed5b7d4e8c2142ae40304844 | How does magnetic stimulation treat migraines? | You place this device on the back of your head at the start of a migraine with aura. It sends a pulse of magnetic energy to part of your brain, which may stop or reduce pain. |
4cc0498f1e88996d4ee002f48ac5970d | What are the symptoms of visual auras? | Migraine with aura (known as "classic" migraine) Migraine without aura (known as "common" migraine) An aura can start 1 hour before the pain and usually last for 15 minutes to 1 hour. Visual auras include: Bright flashing dots or lights Blind spots Blurry vision Temporary vision loss Wavy or jagged lines Other auras can affect your other senses. |
6a5bdab24907f903ae9fa3e7133521ea | Are there different types of migraine? | The terms for two types of migraine headaches refer to the symptoms that signal when one is about to start, called an aura. Migraine with aura (known as "classic" migraine) Migraine without aura (known as "common" migraine) An aura can start 1 hour before the pain and usually last for 15 minutes to 1 hour. |
9a6441082191b02cf6fcd2e4722756ab | How does biofeedback treat migraine headaches? | This technique helps you recognize stressful situations that could trigger a migraine. If the headache begins slowly, biofeedback can stop the attack before it becomes full blown. |
45694cb4a0c3b92826e541e59ce0d630 | What are the symptoms of migraine without aura? | Migraine headaches without auras are more common. Several hours before the headache starts, you can have vague symptoms, including: Anxiety Depression Feeling very tired There's no cure for migraine headaches. |
facddd480dd3d680a136df24875e767f | What is an opthalmic migraine? | Short-lived, partial, or complete loss of vision in one eye, along with a dull ache behind the eye, which may spread to the rest of your head. |
970ab07ed90fa2f89710934497c82d77 | How many Americans get migraines? | The American Migraine Foundation estimates that more than 36 million Americans get them, women 3 times more often than men. |
8c9ae47bd777621b4d21b7c50972de0c | What are other triggers of a migraine? | Having your period Feeling very tired Skipping meals Changes to your sleep Yes, migraine headaches seem to run in families. |
2e2933ef721e13e0948644d3a2a238db | How does biofeedback help to treat migraines? | This technique helps you recognize stressful situations that could trigger a migraine. If the headache begins slowly, biofeedback can stop the attack before it becomes full blown. |
8098981d350810218ebe3e6b6c42d1af | What are symptoms of migraines without auras? | Migraine headaches without auras are more common. Several hours before the headache starts, you can have vague symptoms, including: Anxiety Depression Feeling very tired There's no cure for migraine headaches. |
d9b14e830d902338930ec3de8b979f7d | How do changes in weather trigger a migraine? | Changes in weather. |
8852827448bf4efbf7ff768963d526c8 | What is an ophthalmic migraine? | Short-lived, partial, or complete loss of vision in one eye, along with a dull ache behind the eye, which may spread to the rest of your head. |
7ad2e661601ec148238aec023697ff04 | How do certain foods trigger a migraine? | Some foods and drinks, such as aged cheese, alcohol, and food additives like nitrates (in pepperoni, hot dogs, lunchmeats) and monosodium glutamate ( MSG) may be responsible for up to 30% of migraines. |
92a42534884e66c3d936d8d92b0948ad | When should you take preventative medications for migraines? | When lifestyle changes aren't enough, you have other options. Preventive migraine medications can make your headaches less severe and happen less often when you take them on a regular basis. Also, there are some new devices which can help. Cefaly is a portable, headband-like gadget sends electrical pulses through the skin of the forehead. It stimulates the trigeminal nerve, which is linked with migraine headaches. You use Cefaly once a day for 20 minutes, and when it's on you'll feel a tingling or massaging sensation. In addition, there is a noninvasive vagus nerve stimulator called gamma Core. When placed over the vagus nerve in the neck, it releases a mild electrical stimulation to the nerve's fibers to relieve pain. |
11523fde9ebde79ab6b4053a9905adf6 | Are there alternative therapies for essential tremor? | Currently, there is no evidence that alternative treatments are beneficial in treating Essential Tremor. Patients who have tremors that worsen with emotional stress may find relaxation therapies helpful at temporarily easing symptoms. Some herbal supplements may make tremor worse. Always consult your doctor before trying any alternative therapy. |
b091a09943d7861ee7e0bc2ec6a51e6c | What should you tell your doctor about before taking Mysoline? | Before taking Mysoline, be sure to tell your doctor if you: Are pregnant or nursing Are taking any medications ( Mysoline may interact with several different types of drugs.) Have kidney or liver problems Have blood count problems In addition, you should avoid alcoholic beverages while taking Mysoline. Do not stop taking the drug suddenly or switch brands without first consulting with your health care provider. |
eada3bbe755ce5d02e238628e645ec74 | How is Neurontin used in treating essential tremor? | Experts use Neurontin for short-term treatment of Essential Tremor affecting the hands, although it is not known how the drug works. In most cases, it is not used in conjunction with other drugs. Side effects of Neurontin are rare but include: Sedation Walking difficulties Irritability Weight gain Some people with Essential Tremor report symptom relief after drinking a glass of wine or a cocktail. |
21be7127d2addacf0de99a8de93a7fd8 | What is Mysoline for essential tremor? | Primidone ( Mysoline) is an anti-seizure drug that is also effective for treating essential tremor. It is most useful for people with hand tremor. |
b7eabc84853bfcc56c2053a773661ed5 | What can benzodiazepines do to help essential tremor? | Benzodiazepines ( Ativan, Klonopin, Valium, and Xanax) may help people whose Essential Tremor is not improved by other drugs. These drugs appear to relieve tremors associated with emotional stress or anxiety. Side effects of benzodiazepines include confusion, memory loss, and sedation. For most people this is not a good long-term solution. |
13976229b3742953065e89c663b0e12d | Who are physical therapists and what kind of pain do they treat? | Physical Therapists What they treat: These professionals work with people recovering from injury or surgery. Physical therapists may use massage, stretching, heat, ice, and exercise to help ease your pain and increase your mobility. How to find one: Go to the website of the American Physical Therapy Association (apta.org). |
9a8c27c8f84b66550e0e5516c5b8e793 | What is a biopsy for colorectal cancer? | If a doctor sees anything inside your colon or rectum that looks questionable, he'll take a biopsy to find out if it's cancerous. A biopsy is a routine type of test used to diagnose cancer and also to see whether an existing cancer has spread to the surrounding tissue. |
ce318c01012a50f8ebab5bead4b65f4c | How soon can you get the biopsy results for colorectal cancer? | Contact your doctor right away if you have: Fever or chills Heavy bleeding (greater than a teaspoon at a time) Severe pain Vomiting It may take a few days to get the results of your biopsy. If you do have cancer, the doctor will determine how aggressive it is and whether it started in your colon or spread there from somewhere else. You may need additional testing before you and your doctor can determine the best treatment plan. |
87258458a4e2465d49fa412023f9eba1 | When should you contact your doctor after a biopsy for colorectal cancer? | Contact your doctor right away if you have: Fever or chills Heavy bleeding (greater than a teaspoon at a time) Severe pain Vomiting It may take a few days to get the results of your biopsy. |
680444fe52008ba55976b6aa57d632c0 | How do you treat periodic limb movement disorder? | Treatment does not cure the disorder but usually relieves symptoms. Treatment involves medication that either reduces the movements or helps the person sleep through the movements. |
8515a6a04875f48daf5f9a3eb9b6a309 | What is nocturnal myoclonus? | When PLMD was first described in the 1950s, it was called nocturnal myoclonus. Nocturnal means night, and myoclonus is a rapid, rhythmic contraction of a group of muscles similar to that seen in seizures. PLMD movements are not myoclonus, however, and the original name is not used today. |
4bb5d8b640df46908eaee036a7c9b299 | What causes periodic limb movement disorder? | Periodic limb movement disorder can be primary or secondary. Secondary PLMD is caused by an underlying medical problem. Primary PLMD, on the other hand, has no known cause. |
0c533c545bc961bb65dbf6ad2c814c29 | What are common medical causes of periodic limb movement disorder? | Diabetes mellitus Iron deficiency Spinal cord tumor Spinal cord injury Sleep apnea syndrome - Breathing difficulties that disrupt sleep, causing daytime sleepiness and a number of other problems Narcolepsy - A sleep disorder involving excessive sleepiness and overpowering urge to sleep during waking hours Uremia - Build-up of waste products in the blood because of poor kidney function Anemia - Low level of hemoglobin, the substance that carries oxygen in the blood Medication - Neuroleptics and other antidopaminergic agents such as Haldol, dopaminergic agents such as Sinemet (despite the fact that Sinemet is often a treatment for PLMD), or tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline ( Elavil) Withdrawal from sedative medications such as barbiturates or benzodiazepines (such as Valium) The most common symptoms noted by people with PLMD are not leg movements but poor sleep and daytime sleepiness. |
228044a3065f7aec18d6b89c407905e8 | Can you cure periodic limb movement disorder? | Primary PLMD may be chronic (permanent). Many people with primary PLMD have improved nighttime sleep (remission) but experience one or more relapses over time. |
2ec18d0395c35b298459b3fffcb578af | What is periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD)? | It is the only movement disorder that occurs only during sleep, and it is sometimes called periodic leg (or limb) movements during sleep. " Periodic" refers to the fact that the movements are repetitive and rhythmic, occurring about every 20-40 seconds. PLMD is also considered a sleep disorder, because the movements often disrupt sleep and lead to daytime sleepiness. PLMD may occur with other sleep disorders. It is often linked with restless legs syndrome, but they are not the same thing. |
be34d50a57ca6b4d37efc13b02a5c021 | What is high myopia? | High myopia: It's a more serious form of the condition, where the eyeball grows more than it is supposed to and becomes very long front to back. Besides making it hard to see things at a distance, it can also raise your chance of having other conditions like a detached retina, cataracts, and glaucoma. |
e304f72931d265b544547e7ea31b2dce | What are symptoms of myopia? | Chances are the only symptom is that more distant objects are blurred. You may also notice: Headaches Squinting Eye strain Eye fatigue when you try to see objects more than a few feet away Children with myopia often have trouble reading the blackboard at school. |
f4d5192bfab0df2501366af8a9c863b7 | How can photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) help with treating myopia? | The most common procedures for myopia are: Photorefractive keratectomy: Also called PRK, this surgery uses a laser to sculpt the middle layer of your cornea. That flattens the cornea's curve and lets light rays focus closer to or on your retina. |
e932384f9e6259b508ed2edb80aaf8be | What causes myopia? | The structure of your eye is to blame. When your eyeball is too long or the cornea -- the protective outer layer of your eye -- is too curved, the light that enters your eye won't focus correctly. Images focus in front of the retina, the light-sensitive part of your eye, instead of directly on the retina. This causes blurred vision. Doctors call this a refractive error. |
c85a276f0006a94082b834134000d576 | When does myopia typically start? | Myopia runs in families and will probably start in childhood. It stops changing after your teenage years, but not always. If you notice changes in your vision, get your eyes checked. See your eye doctor every year. |
1e5cb0b730a6e5194566abf17e5a37c3 | What is degenerative myopia? | Degenerative myopia: Also called pathological or malignant myopia, it is a rare type you usually inherit from your parents. Your eyeball gets longer very quickly and causes severe myopia, usually by the teenage or early adult years. This type of myopia can get worse far into adulthood. Besides making it hard to see things at a distance, you may have a higher chance of having a detached retina, abnormal blood vessel growth in the eye (choroid neovascularization), and glaucoma. |
01a90d047a261e411307b865280387a8 | How can laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) help with treating myopia? | LASIK : This the most common surgery for myopia. The surgeon uses a laser or another tool to create a thin flap on the top layer of your cornea. He sculpts the cornea with another laser and moves the flap back into place. |
7cbc9e800bfa445b224f8e3e52684f47 | How can you tell if pain around your groin is caused by epididymitis? | Epididymitis: This is swelling in the tube where sperm is stored -- the epididymis. Most often, an infection causes the problem. Signs and symptoms can include: Pain on one side of the scrotum that comes on slowly. Pain while peeing Fever Milky discharge from your penis Orchitis: It's swelling in one or both testicles. |
f218d20fe7f42029aa956a2f2392d0cc | How can you tell if pain around your groin is caused by kidney infection? | Kidney infection: This usually happens when an infection travels from your bladder and enters one or both of your kidneys. Symptoms may include groin pain, frequent urination, and blood or pus in your pee. The bacterium called E. coli is often to blame. Kidney infections are treated with antibiotics. |
aabfdc3529ac5db91d3ee563e76d9724 | How can you tell if pain around your groin is caused by prostatitis? | Prostatitis: This is swelling or infection in your prostate gland. In addition to pain, you may have a hard time peeing. |
72b1189ee4e37507b72dd78c8759f520 | How can you tell if pain around your groin is caused by kidney stones? | Kidney stones: These are small crystals that form in your kidney and can get stuck in tubes leading to your bladder. The pain can be severe. It's usually in your back or belly but can be felt in your scrotum or at the tip of your penis. |
bf6175d44ef213402ca44d89c12ffa16 | How can you tell if pain around your groin is caused by testicular torsion? | Testicular torsion: This happens when a testicle gets twisted inside your scrotum. It may feel like you got kicked in the crotch. It's a medical emergency. The twisting (torsion) cuts off the blood supply to your testicle. If it's not surgically untwisted within a few hours, your testicle can die. It happens most often in teen boys. |
d8d6c10d8f851f8e09de8ff087500e83 | How can you tell if pain around your groin is caused by testicular cancer? | Testicular cancer: Most of the time, this cancer causes a painless lump in or on your testicle. But sometimes, it's painful. |
1ce9b1820df4a2334c21566f5c1b057b | How can you tell if pain around your groin is caused by hip problems? | Hip problems: Sometimes, hip pain from arthritis or another problem can radiate to your groin. It usually builds slowly and may feel worse when you're driving or sitting in a low chair. Usually, physical therapy and anti-inflammatory medications are tried first to treat the problem. You may need an operation if these don't work. |
1b5461daba23f14673ac69789fdf7780 | When should you call the doctor about pain around your groin? | The groin pain is very bad or it doesn't get better in a few days There's swelling or a lump around or in your testicle Pain in your side moves into your groin and testicle There's blood in your urine Go to the emergency room if you have sudden or intense pain; the pain radiates to you back, abdomen, or chest; or you have pain along with fever, chills, and nausea. |
e186546125d1a1e1576d8027da76bce9 | How can you tell if pain around your groin is caused by orchitis? | Pain while peeing Fever Milky discharge from your penis Orchitis: It's swelling in one or both testicles. The same infection that's behind epididymitis may cause this problem. The two conditions can happen at the same time. Sometimes, the mumps virus triggers orchitis. It can cause fertility problems. If bacteria is the cause of either condition, an antibiotic can clear it up. |
4be5216dea1ac8773019c4b1b9ce057f | How can the doctor accurately diagnose prostate cancer? | Your doctor is likely to discuss your medical history with you. Answering questions about any history of genital or urinary disease in your family can help your doctor make an accurate diagnosis. Your doctor may also ask about any changes in your pattern of urinating. |
22f13ce3e41e4e556ebc96527d2598fb | Why are these prostate cancer tests not completely accurate? | Neither of these initial tests for prostate cancer is perfect. Many men with a mildly elevated PSA do not have prostate cancer, and men with prostate cancer may have normal levels of PSA. Also, the digital rectal exam does not detect all prostate cancers, as it can only assess the back portion of the prostate gland. |
29fec78fb3ffc5f3da28e58355134b80 | What are the symptoms of ???????tertiary syphilis? | This is the final, most severe stage of syphilis. It can appear 10 to 30 years after the initial infection. You might experience permanent organ damage and death. Complications may include: Brain (neurological) problems Stroke Infection and inflammation of membranes around the brain and spinal cord Numbness Deafness Visual problems or blindness Personality changes Dementia Heart valve disease Aneurysm Inflammation of blood vessels You can pass this STD on to your unborn child or to your baby during childbirth. |
f5dbcb95b81b1126e47e2b3e95c0fddf | What are the symptoms of syphilis in babies? | Complications may include: Brain (neurological) problems Stroke Infection and inflammation of membranes around the brain and spinal cord Numbness Deafness Visual problems or blindness Personality changes Dementia Heart valve disease Aneurysm Inflammation of blood vessels You can pass this STD on to your unborn child or to your baby during childbirth. Doctors call this congenital syphilis. If not treated there is a high risk of stillbirth and infant death. Most babies born with syphilis have no symptoms. Some may have a rash on the palms of their hands or the soles of their feet. Eventually, babies can develop complications of many organs including: Enlarged liver Jaundice Discharge from nose Swollen glands Bone abnormalities Brain (neurological) problems See your child's pediatrician right away if she develops an unusual discharge, sore, or rash near her groin. |
31883305615b3795b241329824196d1d | What are the symptoms of secondary syphilis? | About 2 to 10 weeks after the first sore appears, you may develop the following: A skin rash that causes small, reddish-brown sores Sores in your mouth, vagina, or anus Fever Swollen glands Weight loss Hair loss Headache Extreme tiredness (fatigue) Muscle aches If you don't get treatment right away, your symptoms will go away only to come back. This could happen for up to a year. Even if your symptoms don't return, the infection is still alive in your body. Syphilis will get worse, and you can still infect your sexual partner. |
355e9930f23bb1993f230fa7309c2a07 | What are the symptoms of latent syphilis? | If you're not treated for secondary syphilis, the disease may progress to the latent (hidden) phase. Not everyone who has syphilis will go through this stage. If you do, you won't have any symptoms, maybe for years. In some cases, symptoms will never return. But the infection isn't gone; the bacteria remain dormant in the body. Some latent cases may progress to the tertiary stage of the disease. |
d2306937db5b00b90a05e83004e40263 | What tests do doctors use to diagnose a kidney infection? | After asking about your signs and symptoms, your doctor will likely start with a: Urine analysis to check for blood, pus, and bacteria in your pee Urine culture to see what kind of bacteria you have Your doctor may also use these tests: Ultrasound or CT: to check for a blockage in your urinary tract. These are usually done if treatment doesn't help within the first 3 days. Voiding cystourethrogram ( VCUG): a type of X-ray to look for problems in your urethra and bladder. These are often used in children who have VUR. Digital rectal exam (for men): ( Your doctor inserts a lubed finger into your anus to check for a swollen prostate.) Dimercaptosuccinic acid ( DMSA) scintigraphy: a type of imaging that uses a radioactive material to better see kidney infection and damage Usually, the first step is antibiotics, which you may need for a week or two. |
64385bbd525889a72477cd2e396890f2 | How can I prevent kidney infections? | But you may be less likely to get one if you: Avoid deodorant sprays or douches on your genitals Don't use condoms or diaphragms with spermicide. It can trigger bacteria growth. But do use lubricated condoms, since without lube it can irritate the urethra, which makes infection more likely. Drink lots of water. Go to the bathroom as soon as you feel the urge. Pee after having sex. Wipe front to back after going to the bathroom. |
91bb931c96d079967f40c87c0eaa735b | How can I develop a kidney infection? | The urinary tract is made up of your: Kidneys (to clean waste from your blood and make pee) Ureters (thin tubes, one for each kidney, that carry pee to your bladder) Bladder : (stores pee) Urethra: (carries pee from the bladder to outside your body) If any of these parts get bacteria in them, you can get a urinary tract infection ( UTI). Most often, it's the bladder that gets infected. It can be painful, but not usually too serious. But if those bacteria travel up the ureters, you can have a much more serious problem: a kidney infection. Doctors sometimes call this âpyelonephritis.â You need to have a kidney infection treated right away. If you don't, it can lead to life-threatening problems. |
d9aa747285e6572e3a48cd54363bd024 | Who can get a kidney infection? | But just as women get more bladder infections than men, they also get more kidney infections. A woman's urethra is shorter than a man's, and it's closer to the vagina and anus, where bacteria live. That means it's easier for bacteria to get into a woman's urethra, and once they do, it's a shorter trip to the bladder. From there, they can spread to the kidneys. Pregnant women are even more likely to get bladder infections because the baby can put pressure on the woman's ureters and slow the flow of urine. |
ced82c30f2b636ed487b9b95f8cbcc2a | What increases my chances of getting a kidney infection? | Any problem in your urinary tract that prevents pee from flowing forward can raise your chances of a kidney infection, such as: Blockage in the urinary tract, like a kidney stone or enlarged prostate Conditions that keep the bladder from completely emptying Structural problem in the urinary tract, like a pinched urethra Vesicoureteral reflux ( VUR), a condition where pee flows backward from the bladder toward the kidneys You are also more likely to get one if you have: Nerve damage in your bladder A prostate infection, known as prostatitis A urinary catheter, a tube that goes unto your urethra and drains pee A weaker immune system, as with type 2 diabetes You may have: Blood or pus in your pee Fever and chills No desire to eat Pain in your lower back, side, or groin Throwing up or upset stomach Weakness or feeling very tired (fatigue) You may also have some of the same signs and symptoms as with a bladder infection, such as: Burning or pain when you pee Constant urge to pee, even though you just went Cloudy or bad-smelling urine Pain in your lower belly Peeing much more often than normal Call your doctor if you have these symptoms and think it may be a kidney infection, especially if you have a UTI and you're not getting any better. |
e94f937cdc4bb3606dfb232df3299df1 | What are the symptoms of a kidney infection? | Any problem in your urinary tract that prevents pee from flowing forward can raise your chances of a kidney infection, such as: Blockage in the urinary tract, like a kidney stone or enlarged prostate Conditions that keep the bladder from completely emptying Structural problem in the urinary tract, like a pinched urethra Vesicoureteral reflux ( VUR), a condition where pee flows backward from the bladder toward the kidneys You are also more likely to get one if you have: Nerve damage in your bladder A prostate infection, known as prostatitis A urinary catheter, a tube that goes unto your urethra and drains pee A weaker immune system, as with type 2 diabetes You may have: Blood or pus in your pee Fever and chills No desire to eat Pain in your lower back, side, or groin Throwing up or upset stomach Weakness or feeling very tired (fatigue) You may also have some of the same signs and symptoms as with a bladder infection, such as: Burning or pain when you pee Constant urge to pee, even though you just went Cloudy or bad-smelling urine Pain in your lower belly Peeing much more often than normal Call your doctor if you have these symptoms and think it may be a kidney infection, especially if you have a UTI and you're not getting any better. |
dec182ef6a9adea383daad5f43bc5e06 | What causes a kidney infection? | Usually, bacteria called E. coli cause the infection to begin with. Other bacteria can also cause kidney infections. It's rare, but you can also have an infection that gets in through your skin, makes its way into your blood, then travels to your kidney. You can get an infection after kidney surgery, too, but that's very uncommon. |
0478d3f930b01a3d60ab913d4ef678a4 | When should you call a doctor if you think you have kidney infection? | Any problem in your urinary tract that prevents pee from flowing forward can raise your chances of a kidney infection, such as: Blockage in the urinary tract, like a kidney stone or enlarged prostate Conditions that keep the bladder from completely emptying Structural problem in the urinary tract, like a pinched urethra Vesicoureteral reflux ( VUR), a condition where pee flows backward from the bladder toward the kidneys You are also more likely to get one if you have: Nerve damage in your bladder A prostate infection, known as prostatitis A urinary catheter, a tube that goes unto your urethra and drains pee A weaker immune system, as with type 2 diabetes You may have: Blood or pus in your pee Fever and chills No desire to eat Pain in your lower back, side, or groin Throwing up or upset stomach Weakness or feeling very tired (fatigue) You may also have some of the same signs and symptoms as with a bladder infection, such as: Burning or pain when you pee Constant urge to pee, even though you just went Cloudy or bad-smelling urine Pain in your lower belly Peeing much more often than normal Call your doctor if you have these symptoms and think it may be a kidney infection, especially if you have a UTI and you're not getting any better. If you don't get treated, it could lead to kidney damage or blood infection, which is life-threatening. Also, if you're pregnant, a kidney infection can affect your baby. |
6f6354cdedaa076e41c03569cd900291 | How is a kidney infection diagnosed? | After asking about your signs and symptoms, your doctor will likely start with a: Urine analysis to check for blood, pus, and bacteria in your pee Urine culture to see what kind of bacteria you have Your doctor may also use these tests: Ultrasound or CT: to check for a blockage in your urinary tract. |
ebb2a2670efd74fac75c68da8c945793 | What are kidney infections? | They're part of your urinary tract, which makes pee (urine) and removes it from your body. Like the exhaust system on your car, you want everything in good working order so waste moves in one direction only: out. The urinary tract is made up of your: Kidneys (to clean waste from your blood and make pee) Ureters (thin tubes, one for each kidney, that carry pee to your bladder) Bladder : (stores pee) Urethra: (carries pee from the bladder to outside your body) If any of these parts get bacteria in them, you can get a urinary tract infection ( UTI). |
717f80109cdbbc6f418198c5c40b10ad | What does radiation therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) involve? | Radiation therapy, the use of high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells; this is not used often for ALL, but may be used to treat leukemia in the brain or bone, for example, or before a stem cell transplant. |
a0b75cc0d2965227ea31bd67684e9941 | What are the symptoms of anemia from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)? | A shortage of red blood cells may cause symptoms of anemia, including: Fatigue or weakness Dizziness Feeling cold Light-headedness Shortness of breath A shortage of normal white blood cells may result in: Fevers Recurring infections A shortage of blood platelets may cause symptoms such as: Lots of bruising for no obvious reason Frequent or severe nosebleeds, bleeding gums, or other unusual bleeding such as from minor cuts Depending upon where leukemia cells are present, other symptoms may include: A full or swollen belly from leukemia cells in the liver or spleen Enlarged lymph nodes such as in the neck or groin, under arms, or above the collarbone Bone or joint pain Headache, trouble with balance, vomiting, seizures, or blurred vision if the cancer has spread to the brain Trouble breathing if spread has occurred in the chest area ALL is really a group of related diseases, or subtypes. |
5951920bf2be0bb9cad338464dd30427 | What is the outlook for people with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)? | The outlook for acute lymphoblastic leukemia depends on factors such as: Your age: Younger patients tend to have a better outlook. Your lab test results: The prognosis is better if you have a lower white blood count when you're diagnosed. Your subtype of ALL ( B-cell ALL or T-cell ALL) Whether you have a chromosome abnormality called the Philadelphia chromosome; having it suggests a poorer prognosis. Your response to chemotherapy: The prognosis is better if you have no evidence of leukemia four to five weeks after starting treatment. |
49e671e0c760223d0b75d8f31fac5f42 | What does a bone marrow transplant involve for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)? | A bone marrow transplant, which involves use of high doses of chemotherapy and possibly radiation followed by a transplant of bone-forming stem cells. Stem cells usually come from a donor, or less likely, from your own bone marrow or peripheral blood. If you cannot tolerate high doses of chemotherapy and radiation, lower doses may be used with a "mini-transplant." |
f4d7c3b6536774190f5d0c500c861e6a | What chemotherapy drugs are used for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)? | These include: Chemotherapy, the use of anticancer drugs in combination, generally over a couple of years. Agents used for ALL include: cyclophosphamide ( Cytoxan)cytarabine ( Cytosar)daunorubicin ( Cerubidine) or doxorubicin ( Adriamycin)etoposide ( VP-16) L-asparaginace ( Elspar) or PEG- L-asapraginase ( Oncaspar)6-mercaptopurine (6- MP, Purinethol)methotrexate ( Rheumatrex, Trexall)methoterate oral ( Xatmep)steroids (prednisone, dexamethasone)teniposide ( Vumonvincristine ( Oncovin) Targeted therapy, drugs that target specific parts of cancer cells and tend to have fewer or less severe side effects than chemotherapy; examples include blinatumomab ( Blincyto), dasatinib ( Sprycel), imatinib ( Gleevec), and nilotinib ( Tasigna), ponatinib ( Iclusig), which attack cells with the Philadelphia chromosome. |
20f0001767262f956ac4cfb470cdbf24 | What are the goals of treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)? | Treatment occurs in two parts -- induction therapy and post-induction therapy. The goal of induction therapy is to achieve remission by: Killing as many leukemia cells as possible Returning blood counts to normal Ridding the body of signs of disease for a long time About eight or nine out of 10 adults achieve remission after treatments, but many relapse, which lowers the overall cure rate to 30% to 40%. |
96e5617068ab0133bfda3d68ca5b6912 | What does targeted therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) involve? | Agents used for ALL include: cyclophosphamide ( Cytoxan)cytarabine ( Cytosar)daunorubicin ( Cerubidine) or doxorubicin ( Adriamycin)etoposide ( VP-16) L-asparaginace ( Elspar) or PEG- L-asapraginase ( Oncaspar)6-mercaptopurine (6- MP, Purinethol)methotrexate ( Rheumatrex, Trexall)methoterate oral ( Xatmep)steroids (prednisone, dexamethasone)teniposide ( Vumonvincristine ( Oncovin) Targeted therapy, drugs that target specific parts of cancer cells and tend to have fewer or less severe side effects than chemotherapy; examples include blinatumomab ( Blincyto), dasatinib ( Sprycel), imatinib ( Gleevec), and nilotinib ( Tasigna), ponatinib ( Iclusig), which attack cells with the Philadelphia chromosome. |
4f25ac1727f3bbb2afd3464656ff26fc | What should you do to diet for losing weight? | For your diet: Eat more fruits and vegetables. Get good protein and plenty of fiber. Limit salt, sugar, and fat. Be careful with your portions. Talk to your doctor about how many calories you should consume to lose weight. For women it's generally up to 1,500 calories a day; for men it's up to 1,800. You'll need to cut your calories by 500 to 1,000 calories a day to lose that 1-2 pounds per week. |
2a0979eb621e531a96379ad1cd9a5b8e | What is body mass index (BMI) and how do you calculate it? | The first is called body mass index ( BMI). To figure out your BMI, just use this math formula: Multiply your weight in pounds by 703 and divide it by your height (in inches) squared. So, for example, if you weigh 185 pounds and are 5-foot-5 (65 inches), then your BMI works out this way: 185 x 703 = 130,055 65 x 65 = 4,225 130,005 ÷ 4,225 = 30.78 (round up to 30.8) Obesity in adults is defined as having a BMI of 30.0 or above. The other ranges are: Overweight = 25.0 to 29.9 Normal weight = 18.5 to 24.9 Underweight = under 18.5 BMI is a common tool to give you some idea of where you are. |
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