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76311a28288b2666e5d5efd0c2b34bf9 | What are the signs of anaphylactic shock? | If you have a serious reaction called anaphylactic shock, call 911. The symptoms are: Trouble breathing Hives or swelling Swelling of your lips or tongue Swelling or tightness in your throat Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea Dizziness or fainting Fast heartbeat Low blood pressure Stomach pain If you have a severe allergic reaction, or a known bee sting allergy, make sure you have prescribed epinephrine injections handy. |
f984429db98045294199d2b04f5842ca | How do you know if your allergic to a bee sting? | If yours is like this, your doctor can tell if you're allergic to bees or wasps with a simple skin test that uses purified, freeze-dried venom. But if you had a severe or anaphylactic reaction, he may do a blood test called a RAST instead. It's safer for you, though it takes more time and is more expensive. |
53c2f2f0d85b0596e7271e0256813e14 | How can I avoid getting stung by a bee? | You can also lower your odds of a sting by avoiding brightly colored, white, or pastel clothing. Don't use cosmetics or perfume with floral scents. Food odors attract insects, especially yellow jackets, so be alert when you cook or eat outdoors. |
2ed541751db163e374e24196d6795901 | What are the dangers of hypothyroidism in newborns and infants? | A lack of thyroid hormones in the system at an early age can lead to the development of cretinism (intellectual disability) and dwarfism (stunted growth). Most infants now have their thyroid levels checked routinely soon after birth. If they are hypothyroid, treatment begins immediately. In infants, as in adults, hypothyroidism can be due to these causes: A pituitary disorder A defective thyroid Lack of the gland entirely A hypothyroid infant is unusually inactive and quiet, has a poor appetite, and sleeps for excessively long periods of time. |
f3e98a680917e784e8d61cf8e3aa1a19 | What thyroid problems can happen with untreated hypothyroidism? | Untreated for long periods of time, hypothyroidism can bring on a myxedema coma, a rare but potentially fatal condition that requires immediate hormone treatment. |
4222865215ae66305cf9f6d766bfef5a | What are thyroid problems? | Through the hormones it produces, the thyroid gland influences almost all of the metabolic processes in your body. Thyroid disorders can range from a small, harmless goiter (enlarged gland) that needs no treatment to life-threatening cancer. The most common thyroid problems involve abnormal production of thyroid hormones. Too much thyroid hormone results in a condition known as hyperthyroidism. Insufficient hormone production leads to hypothyroidism. Although the effects can be unpleasant or uncomfortable, most thyroid problems can be managed well if properly diagnosed and treated. |
98e1bea19333308d7c798619e32326e6 | What causes thyroid problems? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } All types of hyperthyroidism are due to an overproduction of thyroid hormones, but the condition can occur in several ways: Graves' disease: The production of too much thyroid hormone. Toxic adenomas: Nodules develop in the thyroid gland and begin to secrete thyroid hormones, upsetting the body's chemical balance; some goiters may contain several of these nodules. Subacute thyroiditis: Inflammation of the thyroid that causes the gland to "leak" excess hormones, resulting in temporary hyperthyroidism that generally lasts a few weeks but may persist for months. Pituitary gland malfunctions or cancerous growths in the thyroid gland: Although rare, hyperthyroidism can also develop from these causes. |
604b431ac1b4f14691d0686d15866d82 | What causes hypothyroidism relative to thyroid problems? | Since your body's energy production requires certain amounts of thyroid hormones, a drop in hormone production leads to lower energy levels. Causes of hypothyroidism include: Hashimoto's thyroiditis : In this autoimmune disorder, the body attacks thyroid tissue. The tissue eventually dies and stops producing hormones. Removal of the thyroid gland: The thyroid may have been surgically removed or chemically destroyed. Exposure to excessive amounts of iodide: Cold and sinus medicines, the heart medicine amiodarone, or certain contrast dyes given before some X-rays may expose you to too much iodine. You may be at greater risk for developing hypothyroidism if you have had thyroid problems in the past. Lithium: This drug has also been implicated as a cause of hypothyroidism. |
c4727de68ff2a181a7c087493b20f0d1 | What are the symptoms of hypothyroidism in infants? | In infants, as in adults, hypothyroidism can be due to these causes: A pituitary disorder A defective thyroid Lack of the gland entirely A hypothyroid infant is unusually inactive and quiet, has a poor appetite, and sleeps for excessively long periods of time. |
ae356bee0161a4a0e4c2dd87a3f5a91a | How is an Achilles tendon injury diagnosed? | Your doctor will do a physical exam. She may want to see you walk or run to look for problems that might have led to your injury. She also might do something called the calf squeeze test. You'll kneel on a chair or bench or lie on your stomach on the exam table. Then she'll gently squeeze the calf muscle on your healthy leg. This will pull on the tendon and make your foot move. Next, she'll do the same thing on your other leg. If your Achilles tendon is torn, your foot won't move because your calf muscle won't be connected to your foot. |
524c86ff7c7f81266cfff72f4b9d4436 | What can make you more likely to get an Achilles tendon injury? | These things also can make you more likely to have this kind of injury: You wear high heels, which can stress the tendon. You have "flat feet," also called fallen arches. This means that when you take a step, the impact causes the arch of your foot to collapse, stretching the muscles and tendons. Your leg muscles or tendons are too tight. You take medicines called glucocorticoids or antibiotics called fluoroquinolones. |
8b5671b3eb335d9b5fe5fe49c3611da4 | What causes an Achilles tendon injury? | Achilles tendon injuries are common in people who do things where they quickly speed up, slow down, or pivot, such as: Running Gymnastics Dance Football Baseball Softball Basketball Tennis Volleyball These injuries tend to happen when you start moving suddenly as you push off and lift your foot rather than when you land. |
22b858da80a9b836f7e4269f69ecdaae | What are the symptoms of an Achilles tendon injury? | The most obvious sign is pain above your heel, especially when you stretch your ankle or stand on your toes. It may be mild and get better or worse over time. If the tendon ruptures, the pain is instant and severe. The area may also feel tender, swollen, and stiff. If your Achilles tendon tears, you may hear a snapping or popping noise when it happens. You could have bruising and swelling, too. You also may have trouble pointing your toes and pushing off your toes when you take a step. |
1bf2ee161b0cd88470343b1e99030d0e | How do people usually get an Achilles tendon injury? | Achilles tendon injuries are common in people who do things where they quickly speed up, slow down, or pivot, such as: Running Gymnastics Dance Football Baseball Softball Basketball Tennis Volleyball These injuries tend to happen when you start moving suddenly as you push off and lift your foot rather than when you land. For instance, a sprinter might get one at the start of a race as he surges off the starting block. The abrupt action can be too much for the tendon to handle. Men over 30 are particularly prone to Achilles tendon injuries. |
b38b36edb78b8d3916dd28d4e49088a3 | What is the treatment for an Achilles tendon injury? | Minor to moderate Achilles tendon injuries should heal on their own. To speed the process, you can: Rest your leg. Avoid putting weight on your leg as best you can. You may need crutches. Ice it. Ice your injury for up to 20 minutes at a time as needed. Compress your leg. Use an elastic bandage around the lower leg and ankle to keep down swelling. Raise (elevate) your leg. Prop your leg up on a pillow when you're sitting or lying down. Take anti-inflammatory painkillers. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs) like ibuprofen and naproxen will help with pain and swelling. Follow the instructions on the label to help prevent side effects, such as bleeding and ulcers. Take them with food. Check with your doctor first if you have any allergies, medical problems or take any other medication. If you need them for longer than 7 to 10 days, call your doctor. Use a heel lift. Your doctor may recommend that you wear an insert in your shoe while you recover. It will help protect your Achilles tendon from further stretching. Practice stretching and strengthening exercises as recommended by your doctor, physical therapist, or other health care provider. |
e5514a334f774a36a79e599e202fea2d | Are warts contagious? | Unfortunately, yes. You can get warts from touching a wart on someone else's body, or by coming in contact with surfaces that touched someone's warts, such as towels or bathmats. |
422b289008b4da7dbb839b3f9987b102 | Why do some warts have black dots in them? | These specks are visible blood vessels that are supplying the wart with nutrients and oxygen. Though skin warts can't be prevented, there are a number of precautionary measures you can take to minimize your risk of acquiring warts. |
158b63591cec1e3112665d1ff81a64fa | Can warts be prevented? | Though skin warts can't be prevented, there are a number of precautionary measures you can take to minimize your risk of acquiring warts. One of the most important things you can do is to wash your hands regularly. Also, try to keep your skin healthy, moisturized, and free of cuts. If you bite your fingernails or cuticles, do your best to stop. Biting nails creates an opening for virus to enter your skin. Be careful to use clean, fresh towels at the gym or in other public locations, and always wear rubber-soled flip-flops or sandals in public locker rooms and showers. |
7f8a15c049877e6074a4e54f2f688a84 | When is surgery needed for UTIs? | It's not likely that you'll need an operation. But you might if your UTI is due to an anatomical problem. Or you could need an operation if a blockage, such as a kidney stone or enlarged prostate, is the cause. |
50e0bb879e25d50a93f2ee0c18c061c5 | How do doctors diagnose colic? | What seems to make her fussy What, if anything, works to calm her down How often and what your baby eats When your baby poops, and what the stools look like (big or small, loose, or hard) The doctor will likely do an exam to check if your baby is fussy for other reasons, such as: Food allergies or sensitivities to something in your diet, if you breastfeed Discomfort, such as if she is too hot or too cold Hunger or weakness Pain from an illness or injury Reflux If your baby doesn't gain weight or loses weight, she may have another health problem, so it's best to call her doctor. Also call the doctor if she: Can't be soothed at all, even for a few minutes Doesn't suck strongly at the bottle or your breast Doesn't like to be held or touched Has an odd cry or sounds like she's in pain Has diarrhea or blood in her stool Has trouble breathing Is less alert or sleepier than usual Eats less than usual Runs a fever of 100.4 degrees or more Throws up Might be sick or injured Has fewer wet diapers Don't wait to call the doctor if you're at your wit's end, either. The doctor can help you manage the colic, and that will lower your stress. |
d3befc4387d0fdd552bc48dacf02cd24 | How can my doctor help me decide which cooking oil to use for my health? | First, you should stick to the guidelines your doctor gave you. Your body needs some fat, but fat is rich in calories (9 calories per gram), and some types of fat are healthier than others. It's possible to get too much, even of the "good" fats. Your doctor, or a registered dietitian, can let you know what limits you should follow. |
8ff7178e8ef788f1869f2347aef453aa | What is an oil's smoke point? | When cooking, always keep in mind an oil's smoke point -- that's the temperature at which the oil begins to smoke and produce dangerous fumes and free radicals. Generally, the more refined the oil, the higher the smoke point. |
4ad5ced31b6aae553b02ca73bc057d27 | Is coconut oil a good choice for heart health? | The buzz on this tasty, trendy oil is that it may have disease-preventing properties, but the blood pressure-conscious should beware: This oil packs the highest amount of saturated fat. It's easy to be tempted by a great flavor boost, but too much saturated fat is a heart health no-no. Stick with traditional, nontropical vegetable oils. Olive and canola are better options. Cooking Tip: If you want to give coconut oil a try, use it sparingly for light sauteing, low-heat baking, and in sauces. |
aefea8e0f04164c1bcb0ecf2f32906f6 | Do I still need to get checkups if my cancer is in complete remission? | Your doctor or health care center will continue to check for signs of cancer or health problems related to your treatment. It's crucial to get all recommended checkups, even if you have no symptoms. Follow-up care can include physical exams, blood tests, and imaging tests. |
3390a58ab868c15546615fce90284c31 | What does recurrence mean in cancer? | Some cancer cells can remain unnoticed in the body for years after treatment. If a cancer returns after it has been in remission, it's called a ârecurrence.â It's normal to be concerned that this will happen to you. Every situation is different, and there's no way to predict what will happen. |
b6611d6a98fbde1b677d7f28626d79cc | Does remission mean the same thing for everyone? | If you've been diagnosed with cancer, you're probably hoping to hear your doctor use the word âremission.â It marks a major turn in your care and long-term health. |
174e3544b6ef522d847334d8500258f9 | Isn't complete remission the same thing as my cancer being cured? | There's no way for doctors to know that all of the cancer cells in your body are gone, which is why many doctors don't use the word âcured.â If cancer cells do come back, it usually happens within the 5 years following the first diagnosis and treatment. |
7b19614477f1ab82b0ec531045d3056f | How is central pain syndrome treated? | Central pain syndrome is characterized by a mixture of pain sensations, the most prominent being a constant burning. |
183a3e21152b034c3cbc8d5996941a45 | What are symptoms of central pain syndrome? | The steady burning sensation is sometimes increased by light touch. Pain also increases in the presence of temperature changes, most often cold temperatures. A loss of sensation can occur in affected areas, most prominently on distant parts of the body, such as the hands and feet. There may be brief, intolerable bursts of sharp pain on occasion. |
5952b41eec3a3cc5046c2b2ede6db65c | Does alcohol affect deep vein thrombosis? | Alcohol itself, in low to moderate amounts, isn't likely to raise your DVT risk. It may even protect healthy adults. It can act as a blood thinner. And a researcher in Norway found studies that show the more you drink, the lower your blood clot risk. But moderation is key. Doctors don't recommend drinking alcohol to protect against DVT. The relationship between alcohol and deep vein thrombosis may depend on what, and how much, you pour in your glass. |
55b227312bd1cff0ad7044747b50a46f | How does beer and wine affect deep vein thrombosis? | A 2013 study of almost 60,000 people found no difference in the risk of blood clots between wine or beer drinkers. An antioxidant found in the skin of grapes, resveratrol, helps fight blood clots. |
7af0d11d54eafe4823071f7324315c5d | How does liquor affect deep vein thrombosis? | Another study found that, compared to non-drinkers, people who drank more than 3 ounces of liquor per week had a 53% higher risk of DVT. It might be a question of habits. People who said they drink a lot of liquor also tended to binge drink, which counteracts any helpful effects you might get from alcohol in moderation. |
3d0de5cac4784d7fa65fba30289291ce | When can the John Cunningham virus become dangerous? | It doesn't cause problems for most people, but it can be dangerous if you have a weak immune system. There's no known way to keep yourself from getting it. |
f55d3c95b0cbccc90b6a76523a1658f2 | How can I be tested for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy because of the John Cunningham virus? | If your doctor thinks you might have PML, you'll need an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging). This uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make detailed images and look for certain patterns in your brain tissue. Next, your doctor may want to do a spinal tap. He'll use a needle to take spinal fluid from your lower back. If the JC virus is in this fluid, you have PML. If not, you may need a biopsy or other tests to find out for sure. |
3931ae99d1b06bdc2617278c9cff126d | How is progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) linked to multiple sclerosis (MS) and Crohn's disease? | PML has been linked to the drug natalizumab ( Tysabri), used to treat MS and Crohn's disease. People with MS or Crohn's disease may be tested for the JC virus before they start this medication or others like it. If you're a carrier of the virus, you might still be able to take the drugs, but discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor. People with MS and Crohn's disease who develop PML often have to stop taking the drugs. They also may have a procedure called plasma exchange to clear out the medication. |
d1faa1a1170447986cb2315a70570d3c | What is the John Cunningham virus? | The JC virus, or John Cunningham virus, is a common germ. More than half of all adults have been exposed to it. |
079fac8c057be47c96b2b9518314d84b | If I have a weak immune system, how can the John Cunningham virus affect me? | It doesn't cause problems for most people, but it can be dangerous if you have a weak immune system. |
3ba9ee6a184d3c9a70124c8207a3a6da | Can certain HIV drugs prevent the John Cunningham virus from causing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy? | Certain HIV drugs may make your immune system stronger and help prevent the JC virus from causing PML. These drugs have become more common, so the number of people with HIV/ AIDS who have PML has been going down. |
eed8b272d90d5b0d2a39d2ca8d45bce2 | How is progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) treated? | Scientists are studying several drugs for PML, but none has been approved by the FDA. However, treatments that make your immune system stronger can be used to help your body fight the infection. |
2533d569955b7e15b3477a9d0faaf69d | What does progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) affect? | It doesn't cause problems for most people, but it can be dangerous if you have a weak immune system. |
1efd6f23d3d1eeaa41399ef2ecf431fb | How can I be tested for the John Cunningham virus? | They can be different depending on the area of your brain that's affected, but the most common signs are: Clumsiness Weakness that gets worse Changes in personality Trouble speaking Vision problems Tests can detect if you carry the JC virus. Your doctor might look at a sample of your tissue under a microscope or check your blood for signs that your body is fighting the infection. |
1ef269b9189753d462082a7ca9ce7071 | How can people with HIV prevent progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)? | Certain HIV drugs may make your immune system stronger and help prevent the JC virus from causing PML. These drugs have become more common, so the number of people with HIV/ AIDS who have PML has been going down. |
2fc996aa7d5b5ab343def7e26b76fd2e | Who is most at risk for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)? | Those with Hodgkin's disease, leukemia, or lymphoma are also at risk, as are people who take certain immune-suppressing drugs because of multiple sclerosis ( MS), rheumatoid arthritis, or organ transplants. |
5ffb647a1d4c6e2f8ff6c13a5786181a | What natural ingredients are being studied as alternative mosquito repellents? | Many other natural ingredients are currently being studied as mosquito repellent. These include: fennel thyme clove oil celery extract neem oil However, more studies are needed to verify their safety and efficacy. |
971396a06dd3832f98ecaab7b4f27ee0 | How is surgery done for the treatment of Crohn's disease? | Common procedures include: Anastomosis: Your surgeon removes the diseased part of the bowel and joins the two healthy ends together. This surgery can allow many people to remain symptom-free for years, but it isn't a cure. |
d20d4aea7a543f0aa88b7f7d6a52a524 | Who gets Crohn's disease? | A few things can make you more likely to get Crohn's disease: Genetics: Crohn's disease is often inherited. About 20% of people with Crohn's disease may have a close relative with either Crohn's or ulcerative colitis. In addition, Ashkenazi Jews are at greater risk for the disease. Age: While Crohn's disease can affect people of all ages, it's primarily an illness of the young. Most people are diagnosed before age 30, but the disease can happen in people in their 50s, 60s, 70s, or even later in life. |
4c060ef24d584235c8cb8b2846530ad9 | How is Crohn's disease distinguished? | Doctors use many tests to distinguish Crohn's disease from other conditions like ulcerative colitis. |
37236eb40e34e01f0fc158c26e0b3234 | How does Crohn's disease progress? | With Crohn's disease, you have periods of symptoms that can last for days, weeks, or months, followed by periods of remission when you have no symptoms. Remissions can last days, weeks, or years. |
abfa1cc65fbb8aad3393b62967635279 | When is surgery done for the treatment of Crohn's disease? | Surgery About 66% to 75% of people with Crohn's disease will need surgery. Surgery is done to treat complications of the disease or when medications don't help. |
47fcd6b395fc4c3efae0af202f58e706 | What can worsen Crohn's disease? | Things that worsen Crohn's disease include: Infections (including the common cold) Cigarette smoking Certain anti-inflammatory drugs (such as aspirin and ibuprofen) Though treatments can't cure Crohn's disease, they can help most people lead normal lives. |
d451208e13fedc15fc2aee9c1e29960d | What are side effects of surgeries for Crohn's disease? | This surgery can allow many people to remain symptom-free for years, but it isn't a cure. |
c66fdb86d0a90cbd39a84aa12884ad0f | What do children with Crohn's disease experience? | About 20% of people with Crohn's disease may have a close relative with either Crohn's or ulcerative colitis. |
8531995f694f6cdb2854b0ed95a492f6 | What tests are used for Crohn's disease? | Your doctor might want to do some lab tests, like: Blood tests, including blood counts Stool samples to rule out infections as the cause of diarrhea Imaging tests or endoscopy: Your doctor might send you to a specialist called a gastroenterologist to get one of these: Balloon-assisted enteroscopy: This test uses balloons that inflate and deflate to pull a flexible tube called an endoscope through your small intestine. |
26092b92a3bdc0dc45bfd0f53c30d332 | When do you need an ileostomy for the treatment of Crohn's disease? | Ileostomy: You might need this if your rectum is diseased and the doctor can't use it for an anastomosis. This procedure connects your intestine to the skin of your torso. The result is an opening in the skin that can collect waste products in a special pouch that you empty. |
bfe64b3d54f82ea8918c6d86addd12dc | What are the symptoms of Crohn's disease? | People with Crohn's disease can have severe symptoms followed by periods of no symptoms that can last for weeks or years. The symptoms depend on where the disease happens and how severe it is. You might notice: Chronic diarrhea, often bloody and containing mucus or pus Weight loss Fever Abdominal pain and tenderness Feeling of a mass or fullness in the abdomen Rectal bleeding Crohn's causes two types of complications: Local, which affect just the intestines Systemic, which affect your whole body. |
186ad53db9bf078e1e9ad98e9fb1a4d1 | What are side effects of a thigh lift? | You will have bruising, swelling, and numbness after surgery. That usually disappears within several weeks to months. In rare cases, infection, bleeding, fluid build-up, and open wounds can occur. |
2504823411d7017d1988402d3f894e3f | Are there side effects if you get a buttock lift? | That usually disappears within several weeks to months. In rare cases, infection, bleeding, fluid build-up, and open wounds can occur. |
8172be9bbcec6787a375f9a733d273fe | How does a thigh lift work? | During a thigh lift, a surgeon makes a cut on the upper and inner thigh and removes excess fat and skin. The surgeon also often does liposuction before, during, or after the procedure. People usually get a thigh lift on an outpatient basis, meaning they don't need to stay overnight. But ask your doctor ahead of time. Some doctors prefer their patients to stay in the hospital overnight. The surgery takes up to four hours. |
5521c4126bf0c2e4906b8709b17efb8a | What should you do if you think someone is about to kill themself? | If you believe someone you know is in immediate danger of killing himself or herself: Do not leave the person alone. If possible, ask for help from friends or other family members. Ask the person to give you any weapons he or she might have. Take away or remove sharp objects or anything else that the person could use to hurt himself or herself. If the person is already in psychiatric treatment, help him or her to contact the doctor or therapist for guidance and help. Try to keep the person as calm as possible. Call 911 or take the person to an emergency room. |
14c1c1fcba446e1e5b7df14fa1d9816e | What are warning signs for suicide? | Any of the following could be potential warning signs for suicide: Excessive sadness or moodiness: Long-lasting sadness, mood swings, and unexpected rage. |
d7c34e789b0ead7b875ad5a29f46b3a1 | What should you do if someone you know is showing warning signs for suicide? | If someone you know is exhibiting warning signs for suicide: Don't be afraid to ask if he or she is depressed or thinking about suicide. Ask if he or she is seeing a therapist or taking medication. Rather than trying to talk the person out of suicide, let him or her know that depression is temporary and treatable. In some cases, the person just needs to know that someone cares and is looking for the chance to talk about his or her feelings. |
dc4e14bd413f9fd21ff3c4c608964c87 | Can suicide be prevented? | Research suggests that the best way to prevent suicide is to know the risk factors, be alert to the signs of depression and other mental disorders, recognize the warning signs for suicide, and intervene before the person can complete the process of self-destruction. People who receive support from caring friends and family and who have access to mental health services are less likely to act on their suicidal impulses than are those who are socially isolated. |
c2ac9c5889b47ae06e47f98418dcd7b9 | What are warning signs of suicidal behavior in children? | Parents should be particularly vigilant for signs that may indicate that their child is at risk for suicide. Warning signs of suicidal behavior in children include: Many depressive symptoms (changes in eating, sleeping, activities) Social isolation, including isolation from the family Talk of suicide, hopelessness, or helplessness Increased acting-out of undesirable behaviors (sexual/behavioral) Increased risk-taking behaviors Frequent accidents Substance abuse Focus on morbid and negative themes Talk about death and dying Increased crying or reduced emotional expression Giving away possessions |
20729a67f588c8e26498da2868bf7852 | Do all children show the same symptoms of depression? | In fact, most will display different symptoms at different times and in different settings. Although some children may continue to function reasonably well in structured environments, most kids with significant depression will suffer a noticeable change in social activities, loss of interest in school and poor academic performance, or a change in appearance. Children may also begin using drugs or alcohol, especially if they are over age 12. Although relatively rare in youths under 12, young children do attempt suicide -- and may do so impulsively when they are upset or angry. Girls are more likely to attempt suicide, but boys are more likely to actually kill themselves when they make an attempt. Children with a family history of violence, alcohol abuse, or physical or sexual abuse are at greater risk for suicide, as are those with depressive symptoms. |
de6dc5276d66ddd581599bce8f776f3b | What are signs and symptoms of depression in children? | Signs and symptoms of depression in children include: Irritability or anger Continuous feelings of sadness and hopelessness Social withdrawal Increased sensitivity to rejection Changes in appetite -- either increased or decreased Changes in sleep -- sleeplessness or excessive sleep Vocal outbursts or crying Difficulty concentrating Fatigue and low energy Physical complaints (such as stomachaches, headaches) that don't respond to treatment Reduced ability to function during events and activities at home or with friends, in school, extracurricular activities, and in other hobbies or interests Feelings of worthlessness or guilt Impaired thinking or concentration Thoughts of death or suicide Not all children have all of these symptoms. |
70918e276b4835d8ac555e9b80d4d198 | What are the treatment options for depression in children? | Treatment options for children with depression are similar to those for adults, including psychotherapy (counseling) and medication. The role that family and the child's environment play in the treatment process is different from that of adults. Your child's doctor may suggest psychotherapy first, and consider antidepressant medicine as an additional option if there is no significant improvement. The best studies to date indicate that a combination of psychotherapy and medication is most effective at treating depression. Studies show that the antidepressant Prozac is effective in treating depression in children and teens. The drug is officially recognized by the FDA for treatment of children ages 8 to 18 with depression. |
8a3d9fb267636c7d6b7621dedbcbf871 | How do you treat children with bipolar disorder? | Treating Children With Bipolar Disorder Children with bipolar disorder are usually treated with psychotherapy and a combination of medicines, usually an antidepressant and a mood stabilizer. Antidepressants need to be used with caution, as they can trigger bouts of manic or hyperactive behavior in children with bipolar disorder. Managing a child's medication must be part of an overall care plan that includes therapy and routine primary care appointments. The FDA warns that antidepressant medications may increase the risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children and adolescents with depression and other psychiatric disorders. |
742897560bf795be482aa6bb222dada0 | How is depression diagnosed in children? | There are no specific tests -- medical or psychological -- that can clearly show depression, but tools such as questionnaires (for both the child and parents) combined with personal information, can be very useful in helping diagnose depression in children. Sometimes those therapy sessions and questionnaires can uncover other concerns that contribute to the depression such as ADHD, conduct disorder, and OCD. |
35e18451fb8901f103c3845aeea27fb6 | How can I tell if my child is depressed? | The symptoms of depression in children vary. It is often undiagnosed and untreated because they are passed off as normal emotional and psychological changes that occur during growth. Early medical studies focused on "masked" depression, where a child's depressed mood was evidenced by acting out or angry behavior. While this does occur, particularly in younger children, many children display sadness or low mood similar to adults who are depressed. The primary symptoms of depression revolve around sadness, a feeling of hopelessness, and mood changes. |
9152411f25896fb7796f295363fa6b30 | Can children really suffer from depression? | Childhood depression is different from the normal "blues" and everyday emotions that occur as a child develops. Just because a child seems sad doesn't necessarily mean he or she has significant depression. If the sadness becomes persistent, or interferes with normal social activities, interests, schoolwork, or family life, it may indicate that he or she has a depressive illness. Keep in mind that while depression is a serious illness, it is also a treatable one. |
c6eaa42c56857769934595acbb655fd0 | What can I do for my child when he wets the bed so he doesn't feel guilty ? | What you can do: Don't complain about wet sheets in front of your child, since this may make him feel guilty. And don't punish him, since it's not his fault. |
23548627f24111fa2c87485151b270b7 | What is the function of the external female reproductive structure? | The main external structures of the female reproductive system include: Labia majora: The labia majora enclose and protect the other external reproductive organs. |
84abf921ce88054c8c4f50fd3a86caab | What happens during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle? | During the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, the following events occur: Two hormones, follicle stimulating hormone ( FSH) and luteinizing hormone ( LH), are released from the brain and travel in the blood to the ovaries. The hormones stimulate the growth of about 15 to 20 eggs in the ovaries, each in its own "shell," called a follicle. These hormones ( FSH and LH) also trigger an increase in the production of the female hormone estrogen. As estrogen levels rise, like a switch, it turns off the production of follicle-stimulating hormone. This careful balance of hormones allows the body to limit the number of follicles that mature. As the follicular phase progresses, one follicle in one ovary becomes dominant and continues to mature. This dominant follicle suppresses all of the other follicles in the group. As a result, they stop growing and die. The dominant follicle continues to produce estrogen. The ovulatory phase, or ovulation, starts about 14 days after the follicular phase started. |
a676232ca0abc9c83ea464ae258c58a6 | How many eggs does a woman have? | The vast majority of the eggs within the ovaries steadily die, until they are depleted at menopause. At birth, there are approximately 1 million to 2 million eggs; by the time of puberty, only about 300,000 remain. Of these, only about 500 will be ovulated during a woman's reproductive lifetime. Any remaining eggs gradually die out at menopause. |
649360c3a3b2ecdb9f14d6792a582a9c | What should you know about the female reproductive system? | It produces the female egg cells necessary for reproduction, called the ova or oocytes. The system is designed to transport the ova to the site of fertilization. Conception, the fertilization of an egg by a sperm, normally occurs in the fallopian tubes. The next step for the fertilized egg is to implant into the walls of the uterus, beginning the initial stages of pregnancy. If fertilization and/or implantation does not take place, the system is designed to menstruate (the monthly shedding of the uterine lining). In addition, the female reproductive system produces female sex hormones that maintain the reproductive cycle. |
c570f89943f0c67f34ecd9f2f7bdfb4b | How can I prevent ringworm? | Still, here are some things you can do to lower your chances of getting ringworm or stop it from spreading: Keep your skin clean and dry. Wear flip-flops in locker rooms and public showers. Change your socks and underwear at least once each day. Don't share clothes or towels with someone who has ringworm. If you play sports, keep your gear and uniform clean -- and don't share them with other players. Wash your hands with soap and water after playing with pets. |
fe8dd57fdd8bde9d3f3d3780fd25ed99 | When might you need prescription medication to treat ringworm? | If you have ringworm on your scalp or in many different places on your body, OTC treatments probably won't be enough. Your doctor will have to write you a prescription. Keep an eye out for symptoms that get worse or don't clear up after 2 weeks. If they don't, call your doctor. |
c57bf698ba284548f53f2ab1b9162eed | How can you have double vision caused by muscles in your eye? | Double vision when both eyes are open: Muscles: They control eye movement and keep the eyes aligned with each other. If a muscle in one eye is weak, then it won't move in sync with the healthy eye. When you look in a direction controlled by the weak muscle, you see double. |
04e482984c7f806014047e094f419acf | How is double vision diagnosed? | He might try blood tests, a physical exam, and maybe an imaging test like computed tomography ( CT) or magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI). One of the most effective tools for your doctor is the information you provide. |
bc84f75a43a55dbf8daca44b05c18f49 | What can you do to check if you have double vision? | Now, focus on something in your field of vision that isn't moving, like a window or a tree. Are the two objects side by side, or is one on top of the other? Or are they slightly slanted? Which one is higher or lower? Are both images clear but not in line? Or is one blurry and the other clear? Cover one eye, then switch. Does the problem go away when either eye is covered? Pretend your field of vision is a clock face. Move your eyes around the clock, from noon to six and around to 12 again. Is your vision worse at any clock position? Does any position make it better? Tilt your head to the right, then to the left. Do any of these positions improve your eyesight or make it worse? |
a9104231c044334917a83dd25c4935d1 | What problems in nerves lead to double vision? | They carry information from your brain to your eyes. Problems with them can lead to double vision: Multiple sclerosis can affect nerves anywhere in your brain or spinal cord. If it damages the nerves that control your eyes, you may see double. Guillain- Barre syndrome is a nerve condition that causes progressive weakness. Sometimes, the first symptoms are in your eyes and include double vision. Diabetes can cause nerve damage to the muscles that move your eyes. That can lead to double vision. |
2d573383c27b54d0614e64a2c1553aaf | What causes in the brain lead to double vision? | Brain : The nerves that control your eyes connect directly to your brain, where images are processed. Many causes of double vision start in the brain. They include: Strokes Aneurysms Increased pressure inside the brain from trauma, bleeding, or infection Brain tumors Migraine headaches Double vision can happen with no other symptoms. |
41c01798f3f59f2cb5daf4c48ac9635a | What does the lens in the eye do? | Damage can be from: Keratoconus, when your cornea becomes cone-shaped Infections, like shingles or herpes Scars Dryness Lens: It sits behind your pupil and helps focus light onto your retina. |
84012de9049a5bc6cf4658d57b70fbbb | How do you know if you have cornea damage from double vision? | If your double vision goes away when you cover one eye, you might have cornea damage in the uncovered eye. |
ee7dbfd1724b076f495a6a91bc7824b8 | What are the most common lens problem? | Cataracts are the most common lens problem. Surgery almost always fixes them. |
7ec239d9577db1418cc03ea9147b32d5 | How cornea damage lead to double vision? | Double vision when the injured eye is open: Cornea: The clear window into your eye. Its main job is to focus light. If your double vision goes away when you cover one eye, you might have cornea damage in the uncovered eye. If only one cornea is warped, you may only see double in that eye. Glasses can probably fix the problem. |
b9494be11b0448ec3659abedb224bb71 | What does the cornea do? | Its main job is to focus light. |
a4fe1511aed7b4991773a7e3e0c33835 | Do you need medical care if you have double vision? | Depending on the cause, you may also notice: Misalignment of one or both eyes (a "wandering eye" or "cross-eyed" appearance) Pain when you move your eye Pain around your eyes, like the temples or eyebrows Headache Nausea Weakness in your eyes or anywhere else Droopy eyelids Double vision that's new or unexplained needs medical care right away. With so many potential causes, it's important to discover the reason without delay. |
134716cc67f92c7939fba09b2a2747f7 | What are the types of surgery for flat feet or fallen arches? | Procedures may include the following: Fusing foot or ankle bones together (arthrodesis) Removing bones or bony growths -- also called spurs (excision) Cutting or changing the shape of the bone (osteotomy) Cleaning the tendons' protective coverings (synovectomy) Adding tendon from other parts of your body to tendons in your foot to help balance the "pull" of the tendons and form an arch (tendon transfer) Grafting bone to your foot to make the arch rise more naturally (lateral column lengthening) There are home remedies to prevent or manage pain from fallen arches or flat feet. |
335b475cc0c2dd309354ed9c432f6279 | What are symptoms of flat feet and fallen arches? | Here are the most common: An abnormality that is present from birth Stretched or torn tendons Damage or inflammation of the posterior tibial tendon ( PTT), which connects from your lower leg, along your ankle, to the middle of the arch Broken or dislocated bones Some health conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis Nerve problems Other factors that can increase your risk include: Obesity Diabetes Aging Pregnancy Many people have flat feet -- and notice no problems and require no treatment. But others may experience the following symptoms: Feet tire easily Painful or achy feet, especially in the areas of the arches and heels The inside bottoms of your feet become swollen Foot movement, such as standing on your toes, is difficult Back and leg pain If you notice any of these symptoms, it's time for a trip to the doctor. Your doctor examines your feet to determine two things: Whether you have flat feet The cause(s) An exam may include these steps: Checking your health history for evidence of illnesses or injuries that could be linked to flat feet or fallen arches Looking at the soles of your shoes for unusual wear patterns Observing the feet and legs as you stand and do simple movements, such as raising up on your toes Testing the strength of muscles and tendons, including other tendons in the feet and legs, such as the Achilles tendon or the posterior tibial tendon Taking X-rays or an MRI of your feet Treatment for flat feet and fallen arches depends on the severity and cause of the problem. |
0b55a83d2a6eef9a2d70d842178f4517 | How can you test yourself for fallen arches or flat feet? | Follow these three steps: Get your feet wet. Stand on a flat surface where your footprint will show, such as on a concrete walkway. Step away and look at the prints. If you see complete imprints of the bottom of your feet on the surface, then you're likely to have flat feet. |
de9921c27d0fd28fe6eb072f9aad640d | How are flat feet and fallen arches diagnosed? | Your doctor examines your feet to determine two things: Whether you have flat feet The cause(s) An exam may include these steps: Checking your health history for evidence of illnesses or injuries that could be linked to flat feet or fallen arches Looking at the soles of your shoes for unusual wear patterns Observing the feet and legs as you stand and do simple movements, such as raising up on your toes Testing the strength of muscles and tendons, including other tendons in the feet and legs, such as the Achilles tendon or the posterior tibial tendon Taking X-rays or an MRI of your feet Treatment for flat feet and fallen arches depends on the severity and cause of the problem. |
35a83f52316e0d23af43b2166168a8ff | Can children have flat feet? | Many young children have flat feet, a condition referred to as flexible flat feet. When the child stands, the feet look flat. But when the child rises to his or her toes, a slight arch appears. In most cases, as children grow older, the arches develop. |
a0fab7228a8b013296b324a636b19891 | What causes flat feet and fallen arches? | Here are the most common: An abnormality that is present from birth Stretched or torn tendons Damage or inflammation of the posterior tibial tendon ( PTT), which connects from your lower leg, along your ankle, to the middle of the arch Broken or dislocated bones Some health conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis Nerve problems Other factors that can increase your risk include: Obesity Diabetes Aging Pregnancy Many people have flat feet -- and notice no problems and require no treatment. |
bfe7cbb7dd475efaeb8d4dbc20cbe609 | What does one (alcoholic) drink equal? | Keep in mind that a serving of alcohol is: 12 ounces of regular beer 8-9 ounces of malt liquor 5 ounces of wine 3-4 ounces of fortified wine (such as sherry or port) 2-3 ounces of cordial, liqueur, or aperitif 1.5 ounces of brandy, cognac, or 80-proof distilled spirits Many places over-serve booze. |
efd9f897223104ed56cbafc4f85e8154 | What are warning signs of alcohol use disorder? | You've probably heard of âalcohol abuse,â "alcohol dependence,â or âalcoholism.â Maybe you know the new term doctors use, âalcohol use disorder.â You may have an alcohol use disorder if you: Drink more, or longer, than you plan to Have tried to cut back or stop more than once and couldn't Spend a lot of time drinking, being sick, or hungover Want alcohol so badly you can't think of anything else Have problems with work, school, or family because of your habit (or because you're sick after having alcohol) Keep drinking even though it has caused problems for you or your relationships Quit or cut back on other activities that were important to you in order to drink Have found yourself in situations while drinking or afterward that made you more likely to get hurt Keep having alcohol even though it made you depressed or anxious, hurt your health, or led to a memory blackout Have to drink more than you used to for the effect you want Found that you had withdrawal symptoms when the buzz wore off, like trouble sleeping, shakiness, restlessness, nausea, sweating, a racing heart, a seizure, or seeing, hearing, or feeling things that aren't there. |
ca3cb26599721ed9196aa2e6a0206bb7 | Why isn't my cold going away with treatment? | You might treat a supposed cold for a few weeks, only to realize that the reason you aren't getting better is because you're under the weather with something else, like allergies. |
1eb4687e1f72df3121235d185d75df1b | Do antibiotics work for colds? | It isn't just natural treatments that don't work for colds. Antibiotics won't help either, because a virus causes these illnesses. The best way to treat your cold is to manage the symptoms. Save the antibiotics for strep throat or a sinus infection. |
87912afdb6757e9f10e69a5ec697bffd | Does zinc work for colds? | Echinacea is one of the first natural treatments people suggest when you have a cold, but most studies show it just doesn't work. |
b3ab19baf7b2068b2b3d3a6516226de2 | How do I know if I have a cold or allergies? | Here's how to tell them apart: Cold symptoms usually take a few days to fully show up. Allergies can come on quickly, and they last for as long as you come in contact with the allergen. Both cause a cough, runny nose, and sneezing, but a cold is more likely to give you aches and pains or a fever. |
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