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# Mexican National Trios Championship
## Reigns
The current champions are *Los Viajeros Del Espacios* (Futuro, Hombre Bala Jr. and Max Star), who are in their first reign as a team and individually. They defeated *Los Indestructibles* (Apolcalipsis, Cholo and Disturbio) at *CMLL Martes De Arena Mexico* on July 9, 2024 in Mexico City, Mexico; they are the 46th overall champions. *Los Reyes de la Atlantida* hold the record for most reigns as a team, with three, while Atlantis, Delta and Volador Jr. have all held the championship on four separate occasions. Blue Panther, Fuerza Guerrera and El Signo is the team with the longest reign of 1,728 days while *Los Payasos* and the trio of Dos Caras, Villano III and Villano IV both held the title for only 26 days, which is the shortest time of any championship team.
Several championship teams have lost the championship in their first defense, while the teams of Sagrado, La Sombra, Volador Jr., and El Felino, Safari, Volador Jr. both are credited with six successful title defenses before losing the championship, the most of any of the 39 championship teams. In 1991 the Commission allowed El Ninja to replace the injured Leono during a championship defense, helping *Los Thundercats* retain the title against the team of Rocky Santana, El Gallego and Romano Garcia.
## Tournaments
### 1985
Records from 1985 are not clear on which trios teams participated in the tournament to determine the first ever Mexican National Trios Championship, only a few matches were clearly identified as part of the tournament, the earliest of which was a January 25, 1985 match in Arena Coliseo that saw *Los Infernales* (MS-1, Pirata Morgan, Satánico) defeat El Enfermero Jr., Herodes and Jerry Estrada to advance in the tournament. Records also indicate that trios consisting of Popitekus, Panico and Zorro de Oro; Talisman, La Fiera, and Mocho Cota; Atlantis, Stuka and Acertijo; Chamaco Valaguez, Impacto and Águila Solitaria were in the tournament, but were all eliminated before the finals. On February 10, 1985 *Los Infernales* defeated *Los Brazos* to win the championship.
### 2003 {#section_1}
After Nicho el Millonario did not show up for a scheduled title match CMLL decided to vacate the championship and left it vacant for approximately five months. In late November 2003, CMLL held an eight-team, three-week tournament to crown new champions. Most of the teams in the tournament had not teamed up on a regular basis prior to the show, except for *Los Nuevo Infernales*. In the end, the team of El Felino, Safari and Volador Jr., who was paired up for the tournament, defeated Alan Stone, Super Crazy, and Zumbido to win the titles.
Tournament brackets
### 2009 {#section_2}
On December 19, 2009, it was announced by the *Comisión de Box y Lucha Libre Mexico D.F.* that Poder Mexica had been stripped of the Mexican National Trios Championship because Black Warrior had left CMLL, breaking up the team. At the same time, they announced an eight-team tournament to crown a new trios champion. The top half of the bracket took place on December 22, 2009 and the bottom half of the bracket took place on December 29. In the top bracket the team of Máscara Dorada, Stuka Jr. and Metro defeated *Guerreros Tuareg* (Arkangel de la Muerte, Loco Max, and Skándalo) in the first round and *Los Cancerberos del Infierno* (Virus, Euforia, and Pólvora) in the second round to qualify for the finals. The bottom bracket took place on December 29, 2009 and saw the team of *Poder Mexica* (Sangre Azteca, Dragón Rojo Jr., and Misterioso Jr.) defeat Fabian El Gitano, Máximo, and Rouge, and then Delta, Leono, and Valiente to qualify for the final. On January 6, 2010 Máscara Dorada, Stuka Jr. and Metro defeated *Poder Mexica* to become the new Mexican National Trios Champions.
### 2010 {#section_3}
Much like the previous year, one-third of the reigning Mexican National Trios Champions was unable to further help defend the title. This year, CMLL resolved the situation differently, but still managed to organize in a tournament. The champions, Mascara Dorada, Stuka Jr., and Metro, successfully defended their championship on November 15, 2010, in Arena Puebla. Dorada suffered an ankle injury during the course of the match. Citing both the injury (which would keep him out a month) and, more so, the demands of his other three championships, Mascara Dorada vacated his share of the titles three days later. CMLL broke with the precedent of forcing the entire team to vacate the titles and instead declared a web poll would determine a replacement for Mascara Dorada. Voting was held for over two weeks on CMLL.com.
- Delta - 41.52%
- Ángel de Oro - 39.20%
- Diamante - 19.28%
CMLL appeared to waver about the winner becoming the champion or just joining Stuka and Metro for a title match. CMLL\'s website indicated Delta won the championship, but Delta\'s team did not wear the championship belts prior to their first title match. Concurrent with the poll, CMLL started running an eight-team, three-week tournament to find new challengers for the new champions. Guadalajara regulars Palacio Negro, and Metal Blanco made their Mexico City debuts and qualified for the finals alongside Sagrado, but the team of Rush and the two poll losers, Ángel de Oro and Diamante, won the tournament and would go on to win the championship
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# Home (British band)
**Home** were a British progressive rock band, active in the early 1970s.
The core line up featured Mick Stubbs on lead guitar and lead vocals, Laurie Wisefield on lead guitar and vocals, Cliff Williams on bass guitar and vocals, and Mick Cook on drums. They also had two keyboardists during their existence. From 1971 to 1972 it was Swansea\'s Clive John (from the Welsh band Man), and the other for the rest of their short career was Jimmy Anderson.
## History
Home was formed by Cliff Williams and Laurie Wisefield in 1970 after their first group together, \'Sugar\', split. They teamed up with guitarist and vocalist Mick Stubbs and drummer Mick Cook. They signed to CBS Records in 1971 and released their first album, *Pause for a Hoarse Horse*, in August. They started touring in November when they supported Led Zeppelin at the second Electric Magic Show at the Wembley Empire Pool. From then on, they opened for groups such as Argent, The Jeff Beck Group, and The Faces. In September of the same year, they went into the studio again to record the *Home* album. The LP reached number 41 in the UK Albums Chart.
Home went on to support Mott the Hoople\'s UK tour at London\'s Rainbow Theatre on 14 & 15 October 1972. The *NME* wrote in their review of the show on 15 October that \"Those who went to see Mott the Hoople that night came back talking about Home instead.\" In January 1973, they named them the fifth \'most promising new name\' in their readers poll. In March, the group did two shows opening for glam rock band Slade at Empire pool Wembley . Then in July they released the concept album *The Alchemist*. The band said it was inspired by the novel *Dawn of Magic* by Louis Pauwels. It was hailed by the *Disc* magazine as \'a work of genius\' but did not make an impact commercially. After member Stubbs left the band, they toured the United States as a backing band for Al Stewart from May to June in 1974. A fourth Home album was recorded, but never released. After that the group split.
## Afterwards
After the 1974 split, Cliff Williams went to join Bandit from 1975 to 1977. After he left them, he was asked to replace AC/DC bassist Mark Evans and remained with the band until present day (except for a two-year gap from 2016 to 2018). Laurie Wisefield joined Wishbone Ash and stayed with them until the mid-1980s. Mick Cook joined the new lineup of The Groundhogs in late 1975 where he replaced Clive Brooks on drums and in the 80s played with Lickmalolly. Mick Stubbs was a member of the short lived Paradise in 1975 and continued as a performer and writer (including the Lulu single \"I Love to Boogie\" 1979), and re-uniting with Cook for gigs.
## Discography
- 1971: *Pause for a Hoarse Horse* (CBS64365)
- 1972: *Home* (CBS 64752) - UK No
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# Access Authentication in CDMA networks
**Access Authentication in CDMA networks** for telecommunications and computing provide network access for a mobile device. Specific methods such as CAVE-based Authentication (IS-95/1xRTT), and A12 Authentication (1xEV-DO) are possible. The serving network provides the mobile device access authentication mechanism.
The exact method employed depends upon the type of service being used:
- **CAVE-based Authentication** -- Used for access authentication in CDMA/1xRTT
- **AKA** -- 3G successor to CAVE-based authentication
- **A12 Authentication** -- Used for access authentication in 1xEV-DO
1xEV-DO Hybrid MS/AT devices may employ both CAVE-based and A12 authentication since these devices connect to both the 1xRTT and 1xEV-DO networks
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# Exo Lakkonia
**Exo Lakkonia** (*Έξω Λακκώνια*) is a traditional village with small population near Agios Nikolaos of Crete. It has a folklore museum and some traditional coffee shops and an old church of St. George. It is located in a plain between the Oropedio Lasithiou and the area of Agios Nikolaos. A lot of European people have invested in the property in the area. It is also famous for a spring of water coming from the Lasithi mountain
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11,060,783 |
# 1941 Eccles rail crash
The **1941 Eccles rail crash** occurred on 30 December 1941 at the east end of Eccles railway station in Lancashire, England.
## Events
A westbound train passed danger signals in fog in the wartime blackout and collided at about 30 mph with an eastbound train traversing a crossover. A major contributory cause was that the signalman had erroneously suspended \"fog working\", which would give greater distances between trains, due to a misunderstanding about whether fogmen were on duty. The fog was worsened by the nearby Manchester Ship Canal and visibility was as low as 10 yards.
## Inquiry
An inquiry into the accident was opened on 7 January 1942.
At the conclusion of the Inquiry the Ministry of Transport Inspector blamed the signalman for the accident. The Rochdale train should not have been permitted to go towards the occupied junction, which was caused by the signalman not observing the block regulations and a confusion over which fogmen were on duty. The driver was also held partly to blame for his speed in low visibility conditions which would not allow him to observe the signals. The Inspector also noted that if the trains had been fitted with an automatic train control system, which had been recently trialled by the LMS in the London area, it would have prevented the collision in the fog.
## Victims
Initial reports were at least 15 people were killed and 100 injured; some later died in hospital and a total of 23 people were killed and 57 had serious injuries
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# Jan Hruška
**Jan Hruška** (born 4 February 1975) is a former professional road bicycle racer from the Czech Republic, who turned professional in 1996.
## Doping
Hruška entered the 2000 Summer Olympics, but was removed after testing for a doping product
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# 1984 Eccles rail crash
The **1984 Eccles rail crash** occurred on 4 December 1984 at Eccles, Greater Manchester, when an express passenger train collided at speed with the rear of a freight train of oil tankers. The driver of the express and two passengers were killed, and 68 people were injured. The cause of the accident was determined to be that the driver of the express train had passed a signal at danger.
## The accident {#the_accident}
The passenger train involved was 1E79, the 10:05 service from Liverpool Lime Street to Scarborough, formed of a Class 45 diesel locomotive No. 45147, seven passenger coaches and a parcels van. The freight train was 6E85, the 09:00 service from Stanlow Oil Refinery, Ellesmere Port to Leeds, composed of a Class 47 locomotive No. 47310 and fifteen tanker wagons containing fuel oil.
At around 09:00 on the morning of 4 December, the signalman at Eccles signal box found that, due to the maintenance crew adjusting rail gaps, a track circuit had failed, meaning that the Up signal section (number ES51) could not be cleared. As a result, all trains heading towards Manchester would have to be stopped and the drivers to be told to pass the signal at danger.
Shortly after 10:29, the freight train slowed down and stopped beside the Up section signal. At 10:35, when the driver telephoned the signal box, the signalman instructed him to pass the signal at Danger. Meanwhile, the signal preceding the freight train (number ES50), located just after Eccles station, was kept at the Danger aspect, the signalman anticipating the express train to stop. Following the telephone conversation, the signalman noticed the express train passed by the signal at full speed, with no attempt to apply the brakes.
The freight train was starting to accelerate away when the passenger train, having passed both the Eccles distant signal at caution and home signal at danger, collided heavily with its rear at 10:37. It was estimated that the freight train was travelling at about 10mph, whilst the passenger train\'s speed was estimated to be between 50 and 60mph.
The force of the collision threw the rearmost tanker to the side, but the next two wagons were thrown into the air, with one falling back onto the passenger locomotive. The wagons were badly damaged and escaping fuel oil was ignited by the hot exhaust gases of the locomotive, setting fire to it and the leading two coaches. Fortunately, the leading coach was empty of passengers or the death toll would probably have been much higher. However, the express driver and one passenger were killed instantly, whilst another passenger succumbed to injuries a month later. A number of people received impact injuries and burns and many were also treated for smoke inhalation. Rescue efforts were assisted by the location of the accident, which was adjacent to the M602 motorway, enabling easy access for emergency services.
## The inquiry {#the_inquiry}
The inquiry into the accident was inconclusive. There had been problems with the signalling in the area, and track circuits had been affected by a maintenance gang working on the track nearby, but the inspector was satisfied that the signals which had been passed at danger were working properly and showing the correct aspects. They were, however, not fitted with the AWS warning system to alert the driver to his error. In the absence of any conflicting medical evidence, the inquiry was forced to conclude that the driver had simply allowed his attention to wander and had missed the Eccles signals -- it was testified by staff that it was rare for these signals to be at danger.
The report recommended that these signals be fitted with AWS, work which was quickly completed. The home signal was also fitted with a white backplate, in order to make it more visible against the road bridge that stands behind it
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# American Dream Derby
***American Dream Derby*** is an American horse racing-themed reality show that aired on GSN. Eight one-hour episodes were produced, with the first two airing on January 10, 2005; the show then aired weekly through the February 21, 2005, finale. The series, hosted by Steve Santagati, featured twelve contestants competing for a grand prize of \$250,000 and a stable of eight thoroughbred horses. Much of the horse racing in the series took place at Santa Anita Park.
The general episode format involved three segments. First, an \"Owner\'s Challenge\" took place; the winner of the challenge got to sleep that night in the show\'s mansion rather than in the stables with the horses; the winner also got to choose some of the other contestants to join them. Those who did not make it to the mansion then competed in a \"Stable Hands\' Challenge.\" The winners of each of the two challenges then got to choose one of their opponents (from their own sleeping arrangement) to face the \"Guts Match\". each chosen contestant then picked a horse from the stable to represent them in a heads-up match; the contestant who chose the losing horse was eliminated.
The penultimate episode saw the final six trimmed to three via three Guts Matches, then a fourth Guts Match was run to determine which of the final three contestants got first pick for the final race. The live finale saw the three finalists, plus the five eliminated contestants who had received the highest viewers\' call-in votes, choosing from the eight horses for the final race that determined the champion.
The series\' theme song was \"You Take Me Home\" by LeAnn Rimes, who appeared in the series finale
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# 2006–07 Los Angeles Lakers season
The **2006--07 Los Angeles Lakers season** was the 59th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the 61st overall. The season ended with the Lakers being eliminated in five games in a rematch against the Phoenix Suns from the 2006 playoffs (which the Suns won in seven games) in the First Round of the playoffs. It was the first season that Kobe Bryant switched from jersey number 8 to 24.
The Lakers finished in second place in the Pacific Division, 7th seed in the playoffs. Ultimately, even though team captain Bryant was the leading NBA scorer with 31.6 PPG, the Lakers were defeated in five games by the Suns. This was the second consecutive season where the Lakers had their season ended by the Suns.
## Draft picks {#draft_picks}
In the NBA draft, the Lakers, as expected, chose young talent. In the draft, the Lakers selected Jordan Farmar, the PG for UCLA with 26th pick. Los Angeles also traded their 51st pick (Cheick Samb) to the Detroit Pistons for SF Maurice Evans. The Lakers also had a trade with the Dallas Mavericks, trading away a future second round pick for J. R. Pinnock.
+-------+------+---------------+----------+-------------+-----------------------+
| Round | Pick | Player | Position | Nationality | School/Club Team |
+=======+======+===============+==========+=============+=======================+
| 1 | 26 | Jordan Farmar | Guard | | UCLA |
+-------+------+---------------+----------+-------------+-----------------------+
| 2 | 51 | Cheick Samb | Center | | WTC Cornellà (Spain) |
+-------+------+---------------+----------+-------------+-----------------------+
| | | | | | |
+-------+------+---------------+----------+-------------+-----------------------+
## Roster
### Injuries and surgeries {#injuries_and_surgeries}
Besides the signings, L.A.\'s most notable move was the injury bug. Kobe Bryant, the reigning scoring champion had successful surgery on his knee and would decline playing for Team USA at the 2006 World Championship, where they finished 3rd, with bronze.
Center Chris Mihm, who was the starting big man before having an ankle injury, also underwent successful surgery and was not expected to play at all in the upcoming season.
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# 2006–07 Los Angeles Lakers season
## Regular season {#regular_season}
### The beginning success {#the_beginning_success}
The Lakers started their season opener hosting the Phoenix Suns, the team who knocked them out of the playoffs. Kobe Bryant was out, allowing Maurice Evans to play in his place. Centers Kwame Brown and Chris Mihm were out on injury, forcing Bynum in their place.
Even with two of their starters out on injuries, it didn\'t seem to affect the team, as Odom led the team until Bryant recovered. The next night at Oracle Arena against the Golden State Warriors, Odom had stats, almost recording his first triple-double of the season, 22 points with nine rebounds and nine assists. Ronny Turiaf, known for his sideline celebrations, had career-highs in almost every category, including 23 points and nine rebounds for a 110--98 win. Bryant also sat this out.
### Going downhill {#going_downhill}
By March, the Lakers were in disarray. Radmanović was fined \$500,000 for lying to the organization about his injury, Walton, Brown and Odom were playing on injuries, and despite some 40-point games, Bryant was unable to stop the Lakers fall. Coach Jackson suffered his first seven-game losing streak of his career in result. It seemed impossible for the Lakers to make the playoffs. Bryant decided to step his game up even further.
In the March 16th game against the Portland Trail Blazers, Bryant recorded his second-highest outbreak of his career with 65 points, single-handedly winning the game after being down by 12 with four minutes in regulation.
He continued by getting 50, 60, and another 50 in games against the Minnesota Timberwolves, Memphis Grizzlies and New Orleans Hornets respectively. By doing so, Bryant recorded the second-longest streak of scoring 50+ points in NBA history behind Wilt Chamberlain. Two days after his game against New Orleans, Kobe ended his streak in a game against the Golden State Warriors in Los Angeles with 43 points. Bryant\'s high scoring month continued. He scored 53 in an overtime loss against the Houston Rockets two games later.
But Bryant\'s scoring binge, which led to the team\'s five-game winning streak, was followed by the aforementioned seven-game losing streak. Throughout the season, the Lakers were 14--6 in games where Bryant scored 40+ points.
### Season standings {#season_standings}
### Record vs. opponents {#record_vs._opponents}
2006-07 NBA Records
---------------------------
Team
Atlanta
Boston
Charlotte
Chicago
Cleveland
Dallas
Denver
Detroit
Golden State
Houston
Indiana
L.A. Clippers
L.A. Lakers
Memphis
Miami
Milwaukee
Minnesota
New Jersey
New Orleans/Oklahoma City
New York
Orlando
Philadelphia
Phoenix
Portland
Sacramento
San Antonio
Seattle
Toronto
Utah
Washington
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# 2006–07 Los Angeles Lakers season
## Game log {#game_log}
### Pre-season {#pre_season}
\|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 1 \| October 10 \| Utah \| [W 94-79](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261010013) \| Lamar Odom (18) \| Andrew Bynum (6) \| Odom & Walton (6) \| Save Mart Center (Fresno, CA)\
9,713 \| 1--0 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 2 \| October 12 \| Seattle \| [W 104-101](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261012013) \| Brian Cook (16) \| Brian Cook (6) \| Jordan Farmar (5) \| Honda Center (Anaheim, CA)\
11,669 \| 2--0 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 3 \| October 15 \| Phoenix \| [L 91-99](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261015013) \| Smush Parker (18) \| Ronny Turiaf (10) \| Luke Walton (7) \| Thomas & Mack Center (Las Vegas, NV)\
13,329 \| 2--1 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 4 \| October 17 \| Sacramento \| [L 91-96](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261017013) \| Ronny Turiaf (15) \| Brian Cook (9) \| Luke Walton (6) \| Thomas & Mack Center (Las Vegas, NV)\
12,587 \| 2-2 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 5 \| October 19 \| L.A. Clippers \| [L 90-91](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261019013) \| Andrew Bynum (15) \| 3 players tied (6) \| Smush Parker (4) \| Staples Center\
14,316 \| 2--3 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 6 \| October 20 \| New Orleans/Oklahoma City \| [W 113-106](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261020013) \| Maurice Evans (27) \| Lamar Odom (10) \| Lamar Odom (9) \| Staples Center\
12,383 \| 3-3 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 7 \| October 22 \| Phoenix \| [W 94-91](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261022013) \| Luke Walton (19) \| Bynum & Odom (9) \| Jordan Farmar (6) \| iPayOne Center (San Diego, CA)\
12,111 \| 4--3 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 8 \| October 26 \| Denver \| [L 108-126](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261026013) \| Andrew Bynum (23) \| Andrew Bynum (7) \| Smush Parker (6) \| Honda Center (Anaheim, CA)\
13,956 \| 4-4 `{{NBA game log end|lal|end_year=2007}}`{=mediawiki}
### Regular season {#regular_season_1}
\|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 1 \| October 31 \| Phoenix \| [W 114-106](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261031013) \| Lamar Odom (34) \| Lamar Odom (13) \| Smush Parker (7) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 1--0 `{{NBA game log section|Los Angeles Lakers|November|
| home_wins = 8
| home_losses = 2
| road_wins = 1
| road_losses = 3
}}`{=mediawiki} \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 2 \| November 1 \| @ Golden State \| [W 110-98](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261101009) \| Ronny Turiaf (23) \| Odom & Turiaf (9) \| Lamar Odom (9) \| Oracle Arena\
19,596 \| 2--0 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 3 \| November 3 \| Seattle \| [W 118-112](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261103013) \| Lamar Odom (28) \| Bynum & Walton (8) \| Bryant & Odom (6) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 3--0 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 4 \| November 5 \| @ Seattle \| [L 101-117](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261105025) \| Kobe Bryant (15) \| Lamar Odom (7) \| Kobe Bryant (9) \| KeyArena\
17,072 \| 3--1 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 5 \| November 7 \| Minnesota \| [W 95-88](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261107013) \| Andrew Bynum (20) \| Andrew Bynum (14) \| Kobe Bryant (6) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 4--1 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 6 \| November 8 \| @ Portland \| [L 90-101](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261108022) \| Kobe Bryant (32) \| Bynum & Odom (5) \| Luke Walton (4) \| Rose Garden\
17,022 \| 4--2 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 7 \| November 10 \| Detroit \| [L 83-97](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261110013) \| Kobe Bryant (19) \| Lamar Odom (8) \| Lamar Odom (7) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 4--3 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 8 \| November 12 \| Memphis \| [W 91-81](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261112013) \| Kobe Bryant (21) \| Lamar Odom (16) \| Lamar Odom (7) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 5--3 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 9 \| November 17 \| Toronto \| [W 107-100](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261117013) \| Kobe Bryant (31) \| Kobe Bryant (11) \| Kobe Bryant (7) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 6--3 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 10 \| November 19 \| Chicago \| [W 82-72](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261119013) \| Lamar Odom (23) \| Andrew Bynum (13) \| 3 players tied (4) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 7--3 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 11 \| November 21 \| L.A. Clippers \| [W 105-101](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261121013) \| Kobe Bryant (40) \| Kwame Brown (14) \| Kobe Bryant (5) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 8--3 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 12 \| November 24 \| @ Utah \| [L 108-114](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261124026) \| Kobe Bryant (27) \| Lamar Odom (6) \| Smush Parker (4) \| EnergySolutions Arena\
19,911 \| 8--4 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 13 \| November 26 \| New Jersey \| [W 99-93](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261126013) \| Lamar Odom (21) \| Kwame Brown (9) \| Kobe Bryant (10) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 9--4 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 14 \| November 28 \| Milwaukee \| [L 105-109](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261128013) \| Kobe Bryant (27) \| Lamar Odom (13) \| Lamar Odom (8) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 9--5 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 15 \| November 30 \| Utah \| [W 132-102](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261130013) \| Kobe Bryant (52) \| Lamar Odom (11) \| Lamar Odom (8) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 10--5 `{{NBA game log section|Los Angeles Lakers|December|
| home_wins = 5
| home_losses = 2
| road_wins = 5
| road_losses = 4
}}`{=mediawiki} \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 16 \| December 2 \| @ L.A. Clippers \| [W 97-88](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261202012) \| Kobe Bryant (29) \| Brown & Odom (8) \| Smush Parker (4) \| Staples Center\
20,550 \| 11--5 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 17 \| December 4 \| Indiana \| [W 101-87](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261204013) \| Kobe Bryant (21) \| Lamar Odom (13) \| Luke Walton (7) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 12--5 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 18 \| December 6 \| New Orleans/Oklahoma City \| [L 89-105](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261206013) \| Kobe Bryant (24) \| Kwame Brown (9) \| 3 players tied (4) \| Staples Center\
18,535 \| 12--6 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 19 \| December 8 \| Atlanta \| [W 106-95](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261208013) \| Luke Walton (25) \| Lamar Odom (15) \| Brown & Odom (7) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 13--6 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 20 \| December 10 \| San Antonio \| [W 106-99](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261210013) \| Kobe Bryant (34) \| Lamar Odom (11) \| Lamar Odom (9) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 14--6 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 21 \| December 12 \| @ Houston \| [W 102-94](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261212010) \| Kobe Bryant (23) \| Kobe Bryant (8) \| Bryant & Walton (7) \| Toyota Center\
18,392 \| 15--6 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 22 \| December 13 \| @ Dallas \| [L 101-110](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261213006) \| Kobe Bryant (33) \| Bryant & Walton (7) \| Kobe Bryant (4) \| American Airlines Center\
20,424 \| 15--7 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 23 \| December 15 \| Houston \| [W 112-101 (2OT)](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261215013) \| Kobe Bryant (53) \| Brown & Bryant (10) \| Luke Walton (9) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 16--7 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 24 \| December 17 \| Washington \| [L 141-147 (OT)](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261217013) \| Kobe Bryant (45) \| Bryant & Walton (8) \| Luke Walton (11) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 16--8 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 25 \| December 19 \| @ Chicago \| [L 89-94](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261219004) \| Kobe Bryant (19) \| Kwame Brown (12) \| Luke Walton (7) \| United Center\
22,761 \| 16--9 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 26 \| December 20 \| @ Minnesota \| [W 111-94](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261220016) \| Kobe Bryant (24) \| Andrew Bynum (9) \| Jordan Farmar (7) \| Target Center\
16,788 \| 17--9 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 27 \| December 22 \| @ New Jersey \| [W 99-95](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261222017) \| Kobe Bryant (21) \| Brian Cook (11) \| Kobe Bryant (11) \| Continental Airlines Arena\
18,436 \| 18--9 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 28 \| December 25 \| @ Miami \| [L 85-101](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261225014) \| Kobe Bryant (16) \| Ronny Turiaf (7) \| Bryant & Farmar (4) \| American Airlines Arena\
20,283 \| 18--10 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 29 \| December 27 \| @ Orlando \| [W 106-93](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261227019) \| Kobe Bryant (27) \| Brown & Cook (6) \| Kobe Bryant (7) \| Amway Arena\
17,451 \| 19--10 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 30 \| December 29 \| @ Charlotte \| [L 124-133 (3OT)](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261229030) \| Kobe Bryant (58) \| Kwame Brown (15) \| Luke Walton (5) \| Charlotte Bobcats Arena\
19,561 \| 19--11 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 31 \| December 31 \| Philadelphia \| [W 104-94](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/261231013) \| Kobe Bryant (35) \| Bryant & Brown (8) \| Kobe Bryant (6) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 20--11 `{{NBA game log section|Los Angeles Lakers|January|
| home_wins = 5
| home_losses = 2
| road_wins = 3
| road_losses = 5
}}`{=mediawiki} \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 32 \| January 4 \| @ Sacramento \| [W 132-128 (OT)](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270104023) \| Kobe Bryant (42) \| Andrew Bynum (11) \| Kobe Bryant (9) \| ARCO Arena\
17,317 \| 21--11 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 33 \| January 5 \| Denver \| [W 123-104](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270105013) \| Smush Parker (23) \| Andrew Bynum (10) \| Kobe Bryant (10) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 22--11 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 34 \| January 7 \| Dallas \| [W 101-98](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270107013) \| Kobe Bryant (26) \| Bryant & Bynum (8) \| Bryant & Walton (6) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 23--11 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 35 \| January 9 \| @ Memphis \| [L 118-128](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270109029) \| Kobe Bryant (25) \| Andrew Bynum (8) \| Kobe Bryant (6) \| FedEx Forum\
16,651 \| 23--12 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 36 \| January 10 \| @ Houston \| [L 77-102](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270110010) \| Kobe Bryant (20) \| Andrew Bynum (11) \| Luke Walton (6) \| Toyota Center\
18,331 \| 23--13 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 37 \| January 12 \| Orlando \| [W 109-106](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270112013) \| Kobe Bryant (28) \| Kobe Bryant (8) \| Kobe Bryant (7) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 24--13 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 38 \| January 15 \| Miami \| [W 124-118 (OT)](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270115013) \| Bryant & Cook (25) \| Cook & Walton (10) \| Kobe Bryant (8) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 25--13 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 39 \| January 17 \| @ San Antonio \| [W 100-96](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270117024) \| Kobe Bryant (34) \| Andrew Bynum (8) \| Kobe Bryant (8) \| AT&T Center\
18,797 \| 26--13 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 40 \| January 18 \| @ Dallas \| [L 95-114](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270118006) \| Kobe Bryant (26) \| Bynum & Parker (5) \| Kobe Bryant (5) \| American Airlines Center\
20,446 \| 26--14 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 41 \| January 20 \| @ New Orleans/Oklahoma City \| [L 103-113](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270120003) \| Bryant & Evans (23) \| Andrew Bynum (9) \| Kobe Bryant (7) \| Ford Center\
19,329 \| 26--15 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 42 \| January 22 \| Golden State \| [W 108-103](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270122013) \| Kobe Bryant (42) \| Andrew Bynum (15) \| Luke Walton (5) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 27--15 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 43 \| January 26 \| Charlotte \| [L 97-106 (OT)](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270126013) \| Kobe Bryant (32) \| Andrew Bynum (16) \| Kobe Bryant (5) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 27--16 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 44 \| January 28 \| San Antonio \| [L 94-96 (OT)](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270128013) \| Kobe Bryant (31) \| Andrew Bynum (11) \| Kobe Bryant (7) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 27--17 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 45 \| January 30 \| @ New York \| [L 94-99](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270130018) \| Lamar Odom (25) \| Odom & Radmanović (9) \| Lamar Odom (6) \| Madison Square Garden\
19,763 \| 27--18 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 46 \| January 31 \| @ Boston \| [W 111-98](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270131002) \| Kobe Bryant (43) \| Ronny Turiaf (10) \| Kobe Bryant (8) \| TD Banknorth Garden\
18,624 \| 28--18 `{{NBA game log section|Los Angeles Lakers|February|
| home_wins = 1
| home_losses = 3
| road_wins = 4
| road_losses = 4
}}`{=mediawiki} \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 47 \| February 2 \| @ Indiana \| [L 84-95](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270202011) \| Kobe Bryant (22) \| Lamar Odom (12) \| Bryant & Cook (4) \| Conseco Fieldhouse\
17,662 \| 28--19 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 48 \| February 3 \| @ Washington \| [W 118-102](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270203027) \| Kobe Bryant (39) \| Andrew Bynum (13) \| Kobe Bryant (6) \| Verizon Center\
20,173 \| 29--19 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 49 \| February 5 \| @ Atlanta \| [W 90-83](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270205001) \| Kobe Bryant (27) \| Lamar Odom (18) \| Lamar Odom (6) \| Philips Arena\
19,600 \| 30--19 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 50 \| February 8 \| @ Detroit \| [L 78-93](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270208008) \| Kobe Bryant (18) \| Ronny Turiaf (11) \| Kobe Bryant (5) \| The Palace of Auburn Hills\
22,076 \| 30--20 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 51 \| February 9 \| @ Toronto \| [L 92-96](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270209028) \| Kobe Bryant (25) \| Lamar Odom (12) \| Kobe Bryant (5) \| Air Canada Centre\
20,012 \| 30--21 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 52 \| February 11 \| @ Cleveland \| [L 90-99](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270211005) \| Kobe Bryant (36) \| Lamar Odom (11) \| Kobe Bryant (6) \| Quicken Loans Arena\
20,562 \| 30--22 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 53 \| February 13 \| New York \| [L 106-107](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270213013) \| Kobe Bryant (31) \| Andrew Bynum (11) \| Bryant & Odom (4) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 30--23 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 54 \| February 15 \| Cleveland \| [L 108-114](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270215013) \| Kobe Bryant (34) \| Andrew Bynum (9) \| Kobe Bryant (5) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 30--24 \|- style=\"text-align:center;\" \| colspan=\"9\" style=\"background:#bbcaff;\"\|**All-Star Break** \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 55 \| February 21 \| Portland \| [L 108-112](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270221013) \| Kobe Bryant (25) \| Kobe Bryant (8) \| Smush Parker (8) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 30--25 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 56 \| February 23 \| Boston \| [W 122-96](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270223013) \| Kobe Bryant (38) \| Lamar Odom (8) \| Kobe Bryant (9) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 31--25 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 57 \| February 25 \| @ Golden State \| [W 102-85](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270225009) \| Bryant & Evans (26) \| Andrew Bynum (10) \| Kobe Bryant (6) \| Oracle Arena\
20,107 \| 32--25 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 58 \| February 26 \| @ Utah \| [W 102-94](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270226026) \| Kobe Bryant (35) \| Lamar Odom (14) \| Lamar Odom (9) \| EnergySolutions Arena\
19,911 \| 33--25 `{{NBA game log section|Los Angeles Lakers|March|
| home_wins = 3
| home_losses = 4
| road_wins = 2
| road_losses = 5
}}`{=mediawiki} \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 59 \| March 2 \| Sacramento \| [L 108-116](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270302013) \| Kobe Bryant (30) \| Lamar Odom (13) \| Kobe Bryant (10) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 33--26 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 60 \| March 4 \| @ Phoenix \| [L 94-99](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270304021) \| Kobe Bryant (31) \| Brian Cook (14) \| Kobe Bryant (6) \| US Airways Center\
18,422 \| 33--27 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 61 \| March 6 \| @ Minnesota \| [L 107-117 (2OT)](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270306016) \| Kobe Bryant (40) \| Kobe Bryant (13) \| Kobe Bryant (8) \| Target Center\
15,197 \| 33--28 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 62 \| March 7 \| @ Milwaukee \| [L 90-110](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270307015) \| Maurice Evans (22) \| 3 players tied (6) \| Smush Parker (5) \| Bradley Center\
17,886 \| 33--29 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 63 \| March 9 \| @ Philadelphia \| [L 92-108](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270309020) \| Kobe Bryant (30) \| Kwame Brown (10) \| Bryant & Brown (4) \| Wachovia Center\
20,577 \| 33--30 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 64 \| March 11 \| Dallas \| [L 72-108](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270311013) \| Kobe Bryant (25) \| Kobe Bryant (9) \| Kobe Bryant (3) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 33--31 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 65 \| March 15 \| @ Denver \| [L 86-113](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270315007) \| Kobe Bryant (25) \| Odom & Walton (7) \| Kobe Bryant (9) \| Pepsi Center\
19,155 \| 33--32 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 66 \| March 16 \| Portland \| [W 116-111 (OT)](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270316013) \| Kobe Bryant (65) \| Lamar Odom (9) \| Lamar Odom (6) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 34--32 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 67 \| March 18 \| Minnesota \| [W 109-102](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270318013) \| Kobe Bryant (50) \| Lamar Odom (9) \| Luke Walton (11) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 35--32 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 68 \| March 22 \| @ Memphis \| [W 121-119](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270322029) \| Kobe Bryant (60) \| Lamar Odom (15) \| Smush Parker (7) \| FedEx Forum\
16,107 \| 36--32 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 69 \| March 23 \| @ New Orleans/Oklahoma City \| [W 111-105](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270323003) \| Kobe Bryant (50) \| Lamar Odom (10) \| Luke Walton (8) \| New Orleans Arena\
18,535 \| 37--32 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 70 \| March 25 \| Golden State \| [W 115-113](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270325013) \| Kobe Bryant (43) \| Lamar Odom (19) \| Luke Walton (8) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 38--32 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 71 \| March 27 \| Memphis \| [L 86-88](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270327013) \| Kobe Bryant (23) \| Lamar Odom (16) \| Lamar Odom (11) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 38--33 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 72 \| March 30 \| Houston \| [L 104-107 (OT)](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270330013) \| Kobe Bryant (53) \| Lamar Odom (17) \| Odom & Parker (4) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 38--34 `{{NBA game log section|Los Angeles Lakers|April|
| home_wins = 2
| home_losses = 3
| road_wins = 2
| road_losses = 3
}}`{=mediawiki} \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 73 \| April 1 \| Sacramento \| [W 126-103](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270401013) \| Maurice Evans (21) \| Kwame Brown (7) \| Kobe Bryant (13) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 39--34 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 74 \| April 3 \| Denver \| [L 105-111](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270403013) \| Kobe Bryant (39) \| Lamar Odom (14) \| Lamar Odom (12) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 39--35 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 75 \| April 4 \| @ L.A. Clippers \| [L 82-90](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270404012) \| Kobe Bryant (29) \| Bryant & Bynum (7) \| Odom & Walton (5) \| Staples Center\
20,161 \| 39--36 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 76 \| April 6 \| @ Seattle \| [W 112-109](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270406025) \| Kobe Bryant (46) \| Brian Cook (6) \| Lamar Odom (7) \| KeyArena\
17,072 \| 40--36 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 77 \| April 8 \| Phoenix \| [L 107-115](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270408013) \| Kobe Bryant (34) \| Ronny Turiaf (15) \| Kobe Bryant (7) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 40--37 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 78 \| April 9 \| @ Denver \| [L 111-115](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270409007) \| Kobe Bryant (23) \| Andrew Bynum (7) \| Kobe Bryant (10) \| Pepsi Center\
19,155 \| 40--38 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 79 \| April 12 \| L.A. Clippers \| [L 110-118](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270412013) \| Kobe Bryant (50) \| Kobe Bryant (9) \| Parker & Walton (8) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 40--39 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 80 \| April 13 \| @ Phoenix \| [L 85-93](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270413021) \| Luke Walton (19) \| Lamar Odom (13) \| Luke Walton (5) \| US Airways Center\
18,422 \| 40-40 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 81 \| April 15 \| Seattle \| [W 109-98](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270415013) \| Kobe Bryant (50) \| Kobe Bryant (8) \| Lamar Odom (5) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 41--40 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 82 \| April 18 \| @ Sacramento \| [W 117-106](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270418023) \| Kobe Bryant (34) \| Lamar Odom (13) \| Kobe Bryant (6) \| ARCO Arena\
17,317 \| 42--40 `{{NBA game log end|lal|end_year=2007}}`{=mediawiki}
### Playoffs
| 3,014 |
2006–07 Los Angeles Lakers season
| 2 |
11,060,836 |
# 2006–07 Los Angeles Lakers season
## Game log {#game_log}
### Playoffs
\|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 1 \| April 22 \| @ Phoenix \| [L 87--95](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270422021) \| Kobe Bryant (39) \| Lamar Odom (16) \| Luke Walton (6) \| US Airways Center\
18,422 \| 0--1 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 2 \| April 24 \| @ Phoenix \| [L 98--126](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270424021) \| Kobe Bryant (15) \| Andrew Bynum (12) \| Kobe Bryant (5) \| US Airways Center\
18,422 \| 0--2 \|- style=\"background:#cfc;\" \| 3 \| April 26 \| Phoenix \| [W 95--89](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270426013) \| Kobe Bryant (45) \| Lamar Odom (16) \| Kobe Bryant (6) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 1--2 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 4 \| April 29 \| Phoenix \| [L 100--113](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270429013) \| Kobe Bryant (31) \| Lamar Odom (13) \| Kobe Bryant (9) \| Staples Center\
18,997 \| 1--3 \|- style=\"background:#fcc;\" \| 5 \| May 2 \| @ Phoenix \| [L 110--119](https://www.espn.com/nba/game/_/gameId/270502021) \| Kobe Bryant (34) \| Odom & Turiaf (10) \| Farmar & Odom (2) \| US Airways Center\
18,422 \| 1--4 \|- `{{NBA game log end|bbr_team=LAL|end_year=2007|playoffs=yes}}`{=mediawiki}
| 175 |
2006–07 Los Angeles Lakers season
| 3 |
11,060,836 |
# 2006–07 Los Angeles Lakers season
## Player statistics {#player_statistics}
### Regular season {#regular_season_2}
Player GP GS MPG FG% 3P% FT% RPG APG SPG BPG PPG
-------- ---- ---- ------ ------ ------ ------ ----- ----- ----- ----- ------
41 28 27.6 .591 .000 .440 6.0 1.8 1.0 1.2 8.4
77 77 40.8 .463 .344 .868 5.7 5.4 1.4 .5 31.6
82 53 21.9 .558 .000 .668 5.9 1.1 .1 1.6 7.8
65 24 15.7 .453 .400 .723 3.3 1.0 .4 .4 6.9
76 10 22.8 .432 .361 .787 2.9 1.0 .5 .2 8.4
72 2 15.1 .422 .328 .711 1.7 1.9 .6 .1 4.4
10 0 13.1 .647 . . 1.8 1.3 .4 .0 2.2
56 56 39.3 .468 .297 .700 9.8 4.8 .9 .6 15.9
82 80 30.0 .436 .365 .646 2.5 2.8 1.5 .1 11.1
55 15 17.9 .424 .339 .726 3.3 1.2 .5 .3 6.6
72 1 15.1 .549 .000 .664 3.6 .9 .2 1.1 5.3
73 4 12.8 .392 .373 .878 1.5 .9 .6 .0 4.3
60 60 33.0 .474 .387 .745 5.0 4.3 1.0 .4 11.4
30 0 11.5 .407 .400 .667 1.3 1.0 .4 .0 3.1
### Playoffs {#playoffs_1}
Player GP GS MPG FG% 3P% FT% RPG APG SPG BPG PPG
-------- ---- ---- ------ ------ ------ ------- ------ ----- ----- ----- ------
5 5 26.6 .528 . .556 5.6 .2 .2 .8 8.6
5 5 43.0 .462 .357 .919 5.2 4.4 1.0 .4 32.8
5 0 11.0 .533 . .400 4.6 .0 .0 .4 4.0
5 0 10.2 .333 .429 1.000 1.2 .0 .0 .2 3.6
5 0 16.4 .385 .385 . 1.6 .6 .4 .0 5.0
5 5 22.8 .429 .200 .857 2.8 1.6 1.2 .2 6.4
5 5 38.4 .482 .273 .500 13.0 2.2 .4 1.2 19.4
5 0 11.8 .154 .167 1.000 1.4 .6 .6 .2 1.8
4 0 12.0 .357 . .700 3.0 .3 .5 .3 4.3
4 0 10.8 .556 .250 . 1.0 .8 .3 .0 2.8
5 5 25.6 .389 .417 .750 4.2 2.6 1.4 .2 7.2
4 0 20.0 .400 .250 . .8 1.8 .0 .3 4.5
| 351 |
2006–07 Los Angeles Lakers season
| 4 |
11,060,836 |
# 2006–07 Los Angeles Lakers season
## Awards and records {#awards_and_records}
- **SG Kobe Bryant**
- All-NBA First Team
- NBA All-Defensive First Team
- 2007 NBA All-Star MVP
- 06-07 NBA scoring champion (31.6 PPG)
## Transactions
In their most notable move, L.A. signed three-point specialist PF Vladimir Radmanović to a five year/\$31 million contract from cross-town rivals Clippers. Addressing the need for veterans, they also signed PG Shammond Williams for a one-year, \$5 million deal. To make ties with existing players, L.A. signed Brian Cook to a 3-year extension.
Devean George, who won three titles with the Lakers in the early 2000s declined FA and signed with the Mavericks, leaving Bryant the remaining player from the glory days.
Most of the signings the Lakers did was sign and cut/trade. Pinnock, Mamadou N\'diaye, Marcus Douthit, and Devin Green were all cut before the season started
| 146 |
2006–07 Los Angeles Lakers season
| 5 |
11,060,840 |
# Lizzie Robinson House
The **Lizzie Robinson House**, located at 2864 Corby Street in North Omaha, Nebraska, United States, is the location of the first Church of God in Christ congregation in the state. This was a Pentecostal denomination founded in the late 19th century in Lexington, Mississippi, by Charles Price Jones and Charles Harrison Mason; the latter of whom led the church for decades.
Initially most of the COGIC members and churches were in the Deep South states. During the Great Migration of the first half of the twentieth century, African-American migrants to northern cities established new COGIC congregations across the country.
Built in 1910, the house is listed on the National Register of Historic Places on February 25, 1993, and was designated an Omaha landmark on June 9, 1992.
## About
Edward and Lizzie Robinson founded the first Church of God in Christ in the state of Nebraska after they moved to Omaha in 1916 from the South. The Robinsons lived here with their daughter, Ida Baker, from 1916 through 1924. According to the City of Omaha, \"Mrs. Robinson is significant historically for her role as organizer of the women's ministry for the Church of God in Christ, the largest African-American Pentecostal denomination in the world
| 208 |
Lizzie Robinson House
| 0 |
11,060,842 |
# PLAN (test)
The **PLAN** assessment was a preliminary ACT test from ACT, Inc. that was generally administered in the sophomore year. The PLAN test was scored between 1 and 32 and was determined by a composite scoring system much like that of the ACT, based on the scores received on each of the categories of the test.
## Components
The test consisted of four separate parts: an English (grammar) section, a Math section, a Reading section, and a Science section. Each portion of the test had a different number of questions and a different amount of time allotted
| 99 |
PLAN (test)
| 0 |
11,060,901 |
# Prys Morgan
**Prys Morgan** FRHistS FSA FLSW (born 1937) is a Welsh historian.
## Biography
Prys Morgan was born in Cardiff in 1937, the son of academic T. J. Morgan. His parents first met at the National Eisteddfod of Wales in 1926. Like his late brother, Rhodri Morgan, Prys Morgan was educated at Whitchurch Grammar School and St John\'s College, Oxford.
From 1964 he taught history at Swansea University, where his father had been a professor. He is now an Emeritus Professor of the university.
Following his retirement from academic life, he became President of the National Eisteddfod of Wales at Swansea, President of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion, and is joint director of the Iolo Morganwg project at the Centre for Welsh and Celtic Studies in Aberystwyth. He is also a Founding Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales and is a Member of its inaugural Council
| 149 |
Prys Morgan
| 0 |
11,060,935 |
# Doom9
**Doom9** is a website featuring information on digital audio and video manipulation (mostly video) and digital copyrights. It is also the forum username of the author of the page, an Austrian who was a college student at the time of the creation of the site. Doom9 is also known as the main discussion forum for many major video encoding tools, such as x264, AviSynth, and MeGUI.
## History
Started in March 2000, the site has expanded to contain a wide range of information on the subject of digital video encoding and DVD backup (or ripping). The most popular sections of the site were the guides to DVD ripping and the annual codec comparisons, where popular digital video codecs were compared on the basis of quality, speed, and compression. The forum is frequented by many developers of the tools and codecs featured on the site, such as FairUse4WM.
The VirtualDubMod project began after many modifications to VirtualDub were posted on the Doom9 forums.
Doom9 gained notoriety due to its involvement in the AACS encryption key controversy. The utility BackupHDDVD was first posted by a Doom9 poster using the alias *muslix64*. The earliest information on how to find title and volume keys was also first revealed on Doom9 forums, by other users. The key that set off the controversy was also first posted by a user using the name *arnezami*.
## Projects
Due to the concentration of forum members who have technical backgrounds, there have been various software projects developed and maintained by forum members. These include:
- Media Player Classic Home Cinema, a lightweight media player using the DirectShow API
- ffdshow-tryouts, a collection of free software codecs, most notably libavcodec, provided as DirectShow filters
Doom9 members have also contributed significantly to various software projects, including:
- x264, a free software H
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# Human Like a House
***Human Like a House*** is an album by American folk-pop duo The Finches. It was released on January 30, 2007. The album\'s packaging contained woodcut drawings created by vocalist Carolyn Pennypacker Riggs.
## Critical reception {#critical_reception}
*Pitchfork* wrote that the album\'s \"backward thinking, front-porch-rocking-chair charisma pales in comparison to more progressive folk contemporaries.\" *Exclaim!* called *Human Like a House* \"an album of simple compositions and gentle melodies.\" *SF Weekly* wrote that \"the songs unwind slowly here, sedate melodies that soothe you into a false sense of security, but under the placid surface are hints at ancient wounds that refuse to heal.\"
## Track listing {#track_listing}
1. \"Human Like A House\" - 4:07
2. \"June Carter Cash\" - 2:31
3. \"Last Favor\" - 2:38
4. \"Nightswimming, AR\" - 3:56
5. \"Lay\" - 3:33
6. \"The House Under The Hill\" - 4:26
7. \"Two Ghosts\" - 3:57
8. \"Goettingen, Du\" - 3:50
9. \"O L A\" - 4:28
10. \"If We Knew\" - 1:59
11. \"Step Outside\" - 4:43
12
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# Alessandra Mirka Gatti
**Alessandra Mirka Gatti** or Alessandra Gatti born 19 November 1969 in Mantua, Italy, is an Italian Eurobeat singer who is popularly known by her stage name of **Domino**.
## Career
Alessandra Mirka Gatti first got a name in Italo disco when she met Giancarlo Pasquini in the mid-1980s.`{{Primary source inline|date=January 2020}}`{=mediawiki} After recording various tracks as a back vocalist, she recorded her first song under her most recognized alias, Domino, in 1989. She then helped found A-Beat C with Giacarlo Pasquini and Alberto Contini, in 1990, but left in 2006 to embark on her most recent project with executive producer, Sandro Oliva, Go Go\'s Music (Which had its first appearance on Super Eurobeat 175, and officially added to the label roster on Super Eurobeat 177.)
She has sung under these aliases with A-Beat C, not limited to the following:
- Domino
- Mirka
- Juliet
- Groove Twins
- King & Queen
- Salt & Pepper
- Paula Roberts
- Sheela
- Lucrezia B.
- Donna Luna
- Bella Model
Today she sings exclusively under the alias Domino, and as a member of the Eurobeat group Go Go Girls with Elena Gobbi Frattini -- for her label Go Go\'s Music.
Her most well known songs are:
- \"Tora Tora Tora\" -- Domino\'s most well known song, which was produced by Bratt Sinclaire for A-Beat C in 1994.
- \"Mickey Mouse March (Eurobeat Mix) -- A Eurobeat cover of the famous Disney tune, which has appeared on Dance Dance Revolution and many Eurobeat and Japanese Disney albums, including *Eurobeat Disney*.
- \"Para Girl\" -- A Go Go\'s Music production that has been very popular since its release in August 2008.
## Japan
Thanks to her song Mickey Mouse March (Eurobeat Version), which aired on SMAPxSMAP and was danced by Takuya Kimura, Para Para rapidly increased in popularity in Japan in 1998. Some of her songs were featured in the Konami Video game Para Para Paradise.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Gatti was married to Italo disco/Eurobeat artist Giancarlo Pasquini and has a son named Federico, who was born to him. He has been raised by Gatti after their divorce, involved in music activity, and also active as a Eurobeat singer the same as his parents under the stage name Kaioh (Formerly known as Freddy Rodgers).
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# Alessandra Mirka Gatti
## Discography
### As Domino {#as_domino}
#### 1990s
Year Title Album
------ ---------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
1989 Fever *Best Disco 7*
1991 Fall in Love *Super Eurobeat 13*
Your Freedom *Super Eurobeat 16*
Hot Confession *Super Eurobeat 17*
1992 Forever Young *Maharaja Night HI-NRG Revolution 01*
1993 Behind You *Super Eurobeat 32*
Domino Dancing *Super Eurobeat 39*
1994 Tora Tora Tora *Super Eurobeat 48*
1995 Beat Beat Freak *Maharaja Night HI-NRG Revolution 16*
Baby Come Back *The Alfee Meets Dance*
Funky Dog!
Promised Love
Hot & Soul (with Aki) *Maharaja Night HI-NRG Revolution 17*
1996 Talking Hands(Dave Rodgers) (with Aki) *Super Eurobeat 64*
Euroboy (Dave Rodgers)
Give Me Five *Super Eurobeat 69*
My Love Is Still Alive *Maharaja Night HI-NRG Revolution 19*
1997 Spinning Like A Top *Super Eurobeat 79*
Boy Meets Girl \'\' Super Eurobeat 80 Anniversary Non-Stop Mix Request Count Down 80
1998 I Wanna Dance *Super Eurobeat 88*
Feel My Heart \'\' Super Eurobeat 90 Anniversary Non-Stop Request Count Down 90
1999 Woa Woa Woa (with Jennifer Batten) *Super Eurobeat 95*
Play with the Numbers *Super Eurobeat 98*
#### 2000s {#s_1}
Year Title Album
------ ------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------
2000 Tomodachi Big Friend *Super Eurobeat 101*
To Say To Do To Kiss *Super Eurobeat 106*
Popteen *Popteen*
Mickey Mouse March (Eurobeat Version) *Eurobeat Disney*
Macho Duck
Beauty and The Beast
Bibbidi-Bobbidi-Boo
Chim Chim Cher-ee
Zip-A-Dee-Doo-Dah
Kill The Silence *Domino*
2001 Colors of the Wind *Eurobeat Disney 2*
Some Day My Prince Will Come
A Dream Is A Wish Your Heart Makes
Mickey Motion
ParaPara Paradise *Super Eurobeat 118*
Stop *Super Eurobeat 121*
Gotcha! *Super Eurobeat 122*
D.D.D.! *Eurobeat Disney 3*
2002 1, 2, Santos
2003 Hey Mr. Dee Jay *Super Eurobeat 138*
2004 The Game of My Name *Super Eurobeat 144*
2006 Fuku Wa Uchi! *Super Eurobeat 164*
2007 Go Go Where You Wanna Go Go *Super Eurobeat 175*
Cooking Boy *Super Eurobeat 176*
2008 Call Me *Super Eurobeat 190*
Nack 5 (with Kaioh) *Super Eurobeat 192 \~Let\'s Party\~*
Para Girl
2009 Super Eurobeat (with Virginelle & Mega NRG Man) *Super Eurobeat 199 \~Collaboration of Eurobeat\~*
#### 2010s {#s_2}
Year Title Album
------ ------------------------------------- ----------------------
2010 One-O-Nine *Super Eurobeat 203*
2011 Boom Boom Scream (with Scream Team) *Super Eurobeat 214*
2013 Bad Girl *Super Eurobeat 226*
2015 Hai Hai *Super Eurobeat 233*
2017 King of the Road (with Kaioh) *Super Eurobeat 244*
2019 Domination --
#### 2020s {#s_3}
Year Title Album
----------------------- ---------------------------------------- --------
2020 Top of the Worlds *2021*
Hallo Hallo Halloween
2021 Ichi Ni San Shi Go
Game Is Over
Nori Nori Nori
Crazy Little Love (Japanese version)
#### Featured songs {#featured_songs}
Year Title Album
------ ---------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------
1994 Hot Stuff (with Euroteam)
1997 We\'re Dancing Together (with Valentina, Lolita & Norma) *Super Eurobeat 79*
2001 You Can Fly! You Can Fly! You Can Fly! (with Lolita) *Eurobeat Disney 3*
Hakuna Matata (Fun Four (with Mega NRG Man & Brian Ice))
2008 Back To 80\'s (with Mega NRG Man) *Super Eurobeat 185*
2009 Monkey Dance \'09 (with Y&Co
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# Live at the Fillmore (Los Lobos album)
***Live at the Fillmore***, is the first live album by American group Los Lobos. It was recorded 29th and 30 July 2004 at The Fillmore Auditorium in San Francisco. The concert was also filmed and issued as a concert-DVD with the same title with slightly different set-list.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
1. \"Good Morning Aztlán\" (David Hidalgo, Louie Pérez) -- 4:32
2. \"I Walk Alone\" (David Hidalgo, Louie Pérez) -- 3:47
3. \"Maria Christina\" (Cesar Rosas) -- 3:36
4. \"Charmed\" (David Hidalgo, Louie Pérez) -- 5:45
5. \"Luz De Mi Vida\" (Cesar Rosas, Louie Pérez) -- 4:11
6. \"Rita\"(David Hidalgo, Louie Pérez) -- 5:31
7. \"The Neighborhood\" (David Hidalgo, Louie Pérez) -- 7:47
8. \"Maricela\" (Cesar Rosas) -- 4:33
9. \"Tears of God\" (David Hidalgo, Louie Pérez) -- 4:50
10. \"Viking\" (David Hidalgo, Louie Pérez) -- 4:40
11. \"How Much Can I Do?\" (David Hidalgo, Louie Pérez) -- 3:26
12. \"Kiko and the Lavender Moon\" (David Hidalgo, Louie Pérez) -- 3:37
13. \"Cumbia Raza\" (Cesar Rosas) -- 9:09
14. \"What\'s Going On\" (Renaldo Benson, Alfred Cleveland, Marvin Gaye) -- 5:25
### Bonus Disc (acoustic) {#bonus_disc_acoustic}
1. \"Saint Behind the Glass\" (David Hidalgo, Louie Pérez) - 3:28
2. \"Maricela\" (Cesar Rosas) - 4:00
3
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# Make It Funky
\"**Make It Funky**\" is a jam session recorded by James Brown with The J.B.\'s. It was released as a two-part single in 1971, which reached No. 1 on the U.S. R&B chart and No. 22 on the U.S. Pop chart.
## Publication
This was his first song to be submitted solely to Polydor Records. The original master is very slow and steadily formed in tempo, compared to how it is performed live. It features the band members chanting the song\'s title and a prominent organ part played by Brown himself. Bobby Byrd also contributes vocals and a spoken intro. Brown released the next 6 minutes of the recording as another two-part single, titled \"**My Part/Make It Funky**\", which charted #68 R&B. Parts 3 and 4 appeared on the album *Get on the Good Foot*.
Live versions of \"Make It Funky\" appear on the albums *Revolution of the Mind* and *Live at the Apollo 1995*. Brown also remade the song for his 1992 album *Universal James* under the title \"Make It Funky 2000\".
The full version, running 12:50, was released on the compilation Make It Funky -- The Big Payback: 1971--1975 in 1996.
## Sample used {#sample_used}
- Audio Two - Make It Funky
- Ice-T - Make It Funky (1987)
- Marley Marl - Droppin\' Science
- Slum Village - I Don\'t Know
- Kingdom - Every Beat of My Heart
## Recognition
In 2005, the bassline to all four parts was ranked at number 2 in *Stylus Magazine*\'s list of the \"Top 50 Basslines of All Time\".
## Personnel
- James Brown - lead vocal, organ
*with The J.B.\'s:*
- Jerone \"Jasaan\" Sanford - trumpet, vocals
- Russell Crimes - trumpet, vocals
- Fred Wesley - trombone, vocals
- St
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# Margaret Way
**Margaret Way** (07 August 1935 in Brisbane - 10 August 2022 in Cleveland, Queensland, Australia) was an Australian writer of romance novels and women\'s fiction. A prolific author, Way wrote more than 120 novels since 1970, many through Mills & Boon, a romance imprint of British publisher Harlequin UK Ltd., owned by Harlequin Enterprises.
## Biography
Before her marriage, she was a well-known pianist, teacher, vocal coach and accompanist. She began writing when her son, Laurence Way, was born, a friend took a pile of Mills & Boon books to her, she read all and decided that she also could write these types of novels. She began to write and promote her country with her stories set in Australia. She sold her first novels in 1970. Margaret Way lived with her family in her native Brisbane. Beginning in 2013, Margaret began to self-publish, releasing her first \"e-book\" mid-July.
Margaret died on the 10th of August 2022 in Cleveland, Queensland
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# Sedrick Hodge
**Sedrick Hodge** (born September 13, 1978) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL) for the New Orleans Saints from 2001 to 2005. He was selected in the third round of the 2001 NFL Draft. He was signed by the Miami Dolphins before the 2006 season but was cut right before the season began. Before his NFL career, Sedrick was a standout linebacker at The Westminster Schools in Atlanta and played college football at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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# Round Top Antiques Fair
The **Round Top Antiques Fair** is a large, two week-long antiques show held thrice annually in Round Top, Texas. Started in 1968, the show features country, Americana, European country and formal furniture accessories. The show incorporates the three nearby towns of Burton, Warrenton, and Carmine as well
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# Jerzy Żurawlew
**Jerzy Żurawlew** (December 25, 1886`{{spaced ndash}}`{=mediawiki}October 3, 1980) was a Polish pianist, conductor, teacher, and founder of the International Chopin Piano Competition.
## Life
Żurawlew was born at Rostov-on-Don in Russia in 1886. He studied with Aleksander Michałowski at the Warsaw Conservatory until 1913, and taught there himself from 1923. In 1916 he founded a music school in Minsk (now Belarus), and in 1920 one in Białystok.
He was the founder of the International Chopin Piano Competition, at Warsaw in 1927. His lifelong friend, Henryk Rewkiewicz - businessman, music lover and board member of The Warsaw Music Society - offered his personal financial guarantees to help get the Competition off the ground.
Żurawlew died in Warsaw in 1980, aged 93
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# Manitoba Book Awards
**Manitoba Books Awards/Les Prix du livre du Manitoba** was the premiere annual book awards for Manitoba, Canada from 1988 to 2023. Originating in 1988, an award gala was usually held in April in Winnipeg, Manitoba, celebrating the best of Manitoba writing and publishing from the previous year.
Depending on the year, there were several awards conferred, as some of the awards were only bestowed biannually. The awards were co-produced by the Association of Manitoba Book Publishers and the Manitoba Writers\' Guild. Awards include the Eileen McTavish Sykes Award for Best First Book, the Margaret Laurence Award for Fiction, the Carol Shields Award for best Winnipeg book, the Mary Scorer Award for Best Book by a Manitoba Publisher, the Alexander Kennedy Isbister Award for Non-Fiction, the McNally Robinson Book of the Year Award and others. Past winners include Miriam Toews, David Bergen, Joan Thomas, W.P. Kinsella, Carol Shields and others.
## Winners
Year Award Author Title Ref.
------ ------------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------
2007 Alexander Kennedy Isbister Award for Non-Fiction *A Great Restlessness: the Life and Politics of Dorise Nielsen*
Aqua Books Lansdowne Prize for Poetry *Time out of Mind*
Best Illustrated Book of the Year *Early Masters: Inuit Sculpture 1949-1955*
Carol Shields Winnipeg Book Award *Winnipeg Modern: Architecture 1945 to 1975*
Eileen McTavish Sykes Award for Best First Book *A Great Restlessness: the Life and Politics of Dorise Nielsen*
John Hirsch Most Promising Writer Award
le Prix littéraire Rue-Deschambault *Manguiers têtus*
Manuela Dias Award for Book Design *Going Downtown: A History of Portage Avenue*
Margaret Laurence Award for Fiction *Beautiful Girl Thumb*
Mary Scorer Award for Best Book by a Manitoba Publisher *A Great Restlessness: the Life and Politics of Dorise Nielsen*
McNally Robinson Book for Young People Award - Older *Lost Treasures: True Stories of Discovery*
McNally Robinson Book for Young People Award - Younger *Raise a Little Stink*
McNally Robinson Book of the Year Award *A Great Restlessness: the Life and Politics of Dorise Nielsen*
2008 Alexander Kennedy Isbister Award for Non-Fiction *Canada\'s Wheat King: The Life and Times of Seager Wheeler*
Aqua Books Lansdowne Prize for Poetry *Wolf Tree*
Best Illustrated Book of the Year (design) and Ernest Mayer (photography) *Take Comfort: the Career of Charles Comfort*
Carol Shields Winnipeg Book Award *A Glowing Dream: A Memoir*
Eileen McTavish Sykes Award for Best First Book *Wolf Tree*
John Hirsch Most Promising Writer Award
Manuela Dias Award for Book Design (design) and Ernest Mayer (photography) *Take Comfort: the Career of Charles Comfort*
Margaret Laurence Award for Fiction *The Penance Drummer and Other Stories*
Mary Scorer Award for Best Book by a Manitoba Publisher *The North End: Photographs by John Paskievich*
McNally Robinson Book for Young People Award - Older *Sandbag Shuffle*
McNally Robinson Book of the Year *Be Wolf*
2009 Alexander Kennedy Isbister Award for Non-Fiction *Lord Selkirk: A Life*
Aqua Books Lansdowne Prize for Poetry *this is a small northern town*
Best Illustrated Book of the Year and Frank Reimer *The Harry Winrob Collection of Inuit Sculpture*
Carol Shields Winnipeg Book Award Carol J. Harvey *Saint-Boniface 1908-2008 : reflets d\'une ville*
Eileen McTavish Sykes Award for Best First Book *The Prairie Bridesmaid*
John Hirsch Most Promising Writer Award
le Prix littéraire Rue-Deschambault *L\'endroit et l\'envers*
Manuela Dias Award for Book Design and Susan Chafe *Pauline Boutal, Destin d\'artiste*
Margaret Laurence Award for Fiction *The Retreat*
Mary Scorer Award for Best Book by a Manitoba Publisher *Pauline Boutal, Destin d\'artiste*
McNally Robinson Book for Young People Award - Older *My Mother is a French Fry and Further Proof of my Fuzzed-Up Life*
McNally Robinson Book for Young People Award - Younger and Matrine McLellan *Goose Girl*
McNally Robinson Book of the Year Award *The Retreat*
2010 Alexander Kennedy Isbister Award for Non-Fiction *An American by Degrees: The Extraordinary Lives of French Ambassador Jules Jusserand*
Aqua Books Lansdowne Prize for Poetry *Mama Dada*
Best Illustrated Book of the Year *All Our Changes: Images from the Sixties Generation*
Carol Shields Winnipeg Book Award Gerald Friesen *Prairie Metropolis: New Essays on Winnipeg Social History*
Eileen McTavish Sykes Award for Best First Book *Talk*
John Hirsch Most Promising Writer Award
Manuela Dias Award for Book Design *Dead on Arrival: Faculty of Architecture, University of Manitoba Journal 2009*
Margaret Laurence Award for Fiction *an unexpected break in the weather*
Mary Scorer Award for Best Book by a Manitoba Publisher and Barbara Huck *Wild West: Nature Living on the Edge*
McNally Robinson Book for Young People Award - Older *Puppet*
McNally Robinson Book for Young People Award - Younger *Timmerman Was Here*
McNally Robinson Book of the Year Award *Coming of Age: A History of the Jewish People of Manitoba*
2011 Alexander Kennedy Isbister Award for Non-Fiction *When the Other Is Me: Native Resistance Discourse, 1850-1990*
Aqua Books Lansdowne Prize for Poetry *Hump*
Best Illustrated Book of the Year and John Toone with James Rewucki *The Imagination Manifesto*
Carol Shields Winnipeg Book Award *The Matter With Morris*
Eileen McTavish Sykes Award for Best First Book *High Speed Crow*
John Hirsch Most Promising Writer Award
Le Prix Littéraire rue-Deschambault *Lointaines*
Manuela Dias Award for Book Design *A Dogs Breakfast: A Chef\'s Guide to Healthy Home Cooking for Your Favorite Pooch*
Margaret Laurence Award for Fiction *The Matter With Morris*
Mary Scorer Award for Best Book by a Manitoba Publisher *I Still Don\'t Even Know You*
McNally Robinson Book for Young People Award - Older *Ortega*
McNally Robinson Book of the Year Award *This Hidden Thing*
2012 Alexander Kennedy Isbister Award for Non-Fiction *King: William Lyon MacKenzie King: A Life Guided by the Hand of Destiny*
Aqua Books Lansdowne Prize for Poetry *Poème Pierre Prière*
Best Illustrated Book of the Year *David\'s Trip to Paraguay: The Land of Amazing Colours*
Carol Shields Winnipeg Book Award *Ravenscraig*
Eileen McTavish Sykes Award for Best First Book *A Large Harmonium*
John Hirsch Most Promising Writer Award
Manuela Dias Award for Book Design *Poème Pierre Prière*
Margaret Laurence Award for Fiction *The Girl in the Wall*
Mary Scorer Award for Best Book by a Manitoba Publisher *Butterfly Winter*
McNally Robinson Book for Young People Award - Older *Tori by Design*
McNally Robinson Book for Young People Award - Younger *S is for Scientists: A Discovery Alphabet*
McNally Robinson Book of the Year Award *Not Being on a Boat*
Michael Van Rooy Award for Genre Fiction *The Thirteen*
2013 Alexander Kennedy Isbister Award for Non-Fiction *Creation and Transformation: Defining Moments in Inuit Art*
Aqua Books Lansdowne Prize for Poetry *The Politics of Knives*
Best Illustrated Book of the Year *Imagining Winnipeg: History through the Photographs of L.B. Foote*
Carol Shields Winnipeg Book Award *The Age of Hope*
Eileen McTavish Sykes Award for Best First Book *Sonar*
John Hirsch Most Promising Writer Award
Le Prix Littéraire rue-Deschambault *La Révolution Tranquille*
Lifetime Achievement Award
Manuela Dias Award for Book Design and Brandon Bergem *Warehouse Journal Vol. 21*
Margaret Laurence Award for Fiction *The Age of Hope*
Mary Scorer Award for Best Book by a Manitoba Publisher *Thunder Road*
McNally Robinson Book for Young People Award - Older *The Green-Eyed Queen of Suicide City*
McNally Robinson Book of the Year Award *The House on Sugarbush Road*
2021 Alexander Kennedy Isbister Award for Non-Fiction *Black Water: Family, Legacy, and Blood Money*
Book Design (editor) *Becoming Our Future: Global Indigenous Curatorial Practice*
Carol Shields Winnipeg Book Award *Black Water: Family, Legacy, and Blood Money*
Chris Johnson Award for Best Play by a Manitoba Playwright *Dragonfly*
Eileen McTavish Sykes Award for Best First Book *Once Removed*
Graphic Novel et al
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# Hombre (comics)
***Hombre*** is a Spanish comics series written by Antonio Segura and drawn by José Ortiz, first published in 1981 in the magazine *Cimoc*.
## Publication history {#publication_history}
Created during the resurgence of Spanish comics in the years after the fall of Franco, Segura wrote *Bogey* and *Orka* in the same period, though it was *Hombre* in collaboration with Ortiz that would prove the most successful. After its initial run in *Cimoc*, Segura and Ortiz brought *Hombre* to the magazine *KO Comics*, one of the three magazines the artists\' publishing cooperative Metropol produced during its short existence in 1984. After Metropol ceased business, *Hombre* relocated to the pages of *Cimoc* for a second run. The Spanish album releases were published by Norma Editorial.
Enjoying popularity in France, the series was printed in albums by publishers Kesselring, Magic Strip and Soleil Productions. English language translations of the series appeared in *Heavy Metal* during the 1980s and 1990s. In Italy, it appeared starting from 1982 in the magazine *Lanciostory*.
## Synopsis
A post-apocalyptic series, *Hombre* is set on Earth after the collapse of the technological civilization. The protagonist moves through the scenery as a disillusioned solitary survivor, with lingering traces of humanity despite the widespread debased nature of most people he encounters. He always has a ragged cigarette in the corner of his mouth, and is often accompanied by a young woman who came of age after the collapse and thus is accommodated to the life of a naked savage. Though the plot is compared with that of *Jeremiah*, *Hombre* does not share the underlying motif of hope and survival of humanity of the former
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# Rosealia
*Pandoc failed*: ```
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unexpected '{'
{{single chart|Canadatopsingles|69|chartid=2885|rowheader=true|access-date=December 28, 2021}}
^
``
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# Usual interstitial pneumonia
**Usual interstitial pneumonia** (**UIP**) is a form of lung disease characterized by progressive scarring of both lungs. The scarring (pulmonary fibrosis) involves the pulmonary interstitium (the supporting framework of the lung). UIP is thus classified as a form of interstitial lung disease.
## Terminology
The term \"usual\" refers to the fact that UIP is the most common form of interstitial fibrosis. \"Pneumonia\" indicates \"lung abnormality\", which includes fibrosis and inflammation. A term previously used for UIP in the British literature is cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (CFA), a term that has fallen out of favor since the basic underlying pathology is now thought to be fibrosis, not inflammation. The term **usual interstitial pneumonitis** (**UIP**) has also often been used, but again, the *-itis* part of that name may overemphasize inflammation.
## Signs and symptoms {#signs_and_symptoms}
The typical symptoms of UIP are progressive shortness of breath and cough for a period of months. In some patients, UIP is diagnosed only when a more acute disease supervenes and brings the patient to medical attention.
## Causes
The cause of the scarring in UIP may be known (less commonly) or unknown (more commonly). Since the medical term for conditions of unknown cause is \"idiopathic\", the clinical term for UIP of unknown cause is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Examples of known causes of UIP include connective tissue diseases (primarily rheumatoid arthritis), drug toxicity, chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis, asbestosis and Hermansky--Pudlak syndrome.
## Diagnosis
UIP may be diagnosed by a radiologist using computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest, or by a pathologist using tissue obtained by a lung biopsy.
### Radiology
Radiologically, the main feature required for a confident diagnosis of UIP is honeycomb change in the periphery and the lower portions (bases) of the lungs.
On high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), the following categories, depending on imaging findings, have been recommended by a collaborative effort by the American Thoracic Society, European Respiratory Society, Japanese Respiratory Society, and the Latin American Thoracic Society:
- **UIP pattern**:
:\*Honeycombing, with or without peripheral traction bronchiectasis; or bronchiolectasis (dilatation of the terminal bronchioles)
:\*Predominantly subpleural and basal
:\*Often heterogenous distribution, being occasionally diffuse, and may be asymmetrical There may be superimposed CT features such as mild ground-glass opacity, reticular pattern and pulmonary ossification.
- **Probable UIP pattern**:
:\*Predominantly subpleural and basal
:\*Often heterogenous distribution
:\*Reticular pattern with peripheral traction bronchiectasis or bronchiolectasis
:\*There may be mild ground-glass opacity
- **Indeterminate for UIP**:
:\*Predominantly subpleural and basal
:\*Subtle reticular pattern
:\*May have mild ground-glass opacity or distortion ("early UIP pattern")
- Findings suggestive of **another diagnosis**, including:
:\*Other predominant distribution:
::\*Peribronchovascular
::\*Perilymphatic
::\*Upper or mid-lung
:\*Cysts
:\*Marked mosaic pattern
:\*Predominant ground-glass opacity
:\*Profuse lung micronodules
:\*Lung nodules, especially centrilobular
:\*Consolidation
:\*Pleural plaques (indicating asbestosis)
:\*Dilated esophagus (indicating connective tissue disease)
:\*Distal clavicular erosions (indicating rheumatoid arthritis)
:\*Extensive lymph node enlargement
:\*Pleural effusion
:\*Pleural thickening (indicating connective tissue disease/drugs)
### Histology
The histologic hallmarks of UIP, as seen in lung tissue under a microscope by a pathologist, are interstitial fibrosis in a \"patchwork pattern\", honeycomb change and fibroblast foci (see images below).
Image:UIPlungbiopsy.jpg\|Appearance of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) in a surgical lung biopsy at low magnification. The tissue is stained with hematoxylin (purple dye) and eosin (pink dye) to make it visible. The pink areas in this picture represent lung fibrosis (collagen stains pink). Note the \"patchwork\" (quilt-like) pattern of the fibrosis. Image:Honeycomb change.jpg\|Appearance of honeycomb change in a surgical lung biopsy at low magnification. The dilated spaces seen here are filled with mucin. Hematoxylin-eosin stain, low magnification. Image:Fibroblast focus.jpg\|A fibroblast focus in a surgical lung biopsy of UIP. Hematoxylin-eosin stain, high magnification. The white space to the left is an airspace. The pale area to the right is a fibroblast focus. It is an area of active fibroblast proliferation within the interstitium of the lung.
### Differential diagnosis {#differential_diagnosis}
The differential diagnosis includes other types of lung disease that cause similar symptoms and show similar abnormalities on chest radiographs. Some of these diseases cause fibrosis, scarring or honeycomb change. The most common considerations include:
- chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis
- non-specific interstitial pneumonia
- sarcoidosis
- pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis
- asbestosis
## Management
Oxygen therapy may assist with daily living. In case of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, certain medications like nintedanib and pirfenidone can help slow the progression. Lastly, lung transplants may help.
| 724 |
Usual interstitial pneumonia
| 0 |
11,061,251 |
# Usual interstitial pneumonia
## Prognosis
Regardless of cause, UIP is relentlessly progressive, usually leading to respiratory failure and death without a lung transplant. Some patients do well for a prolonged period of time, but then deteriorate rapidly because of a superimposed acute illness (so-called \"accelerated UIP\"). The outlook for long-term survival is poor. In most studies, the median survival is 3 to 4 years. Patients with UIP in the setting of rheumatoid arthritis have a slightly better prognosis than UIP without a known cause (IPF).
## History
UIP, as a term, first appeared in the pathology literature. It was coined by Averill Abraham Liebow
| 105 |
Usual interstitial pneumonia
| 1 |
11,061,278 |
# Johnson O'Connor
**Johnson O\'Connor** (January 22, 1891 -- July 1, 1973) was an American psychometrician, researcher, and educator. He is most remembered as a pioneer in the study of aptitude testing and as an advocate for the importance of vocabulary.
## Early life and education {#early_life_and_education}
O'Connor came from a prosperous and well-rooted Chicago family. His parents were John O'Connor and Nelie Johnson O'Connor. O\'Connor\'s mother descended from ancestors who were among the first Puritan settlers of Massachusetts, while his father was an attorney who at one time shared an office with the famous lawyer Clarence Darrow. O\'Connor received a progressive primary and secondary education with John Dewey at Dewey\'s famous University of Chicago Laboratory School. He was graduated from Harvard University in 1913 with a degree in Philosophy. After graduation he conducted research in astronomical mathematics under famed astronomer Percival Lowell, brother of the poet Amy Lowell and worked in electrical engineering at American Steel and Wire and General Electric.
## Aptitude research at General Electric {#aptitude_research_at_general_electric}
In a visionary experiment, the General Electric leadership decided that if employees could be matched to positions that best suited their natural abilities and retrained in those areas, it would benefit both company and employees. In 1922 F.P. Cox of GE asked O'Connor to develop an in-house program called the \"human\" engineering project that would find the proper positioning for each employee and retrain them within that field. This led O'Connor into a study of inborn aptitudes and to the development of aptitude tests that he called \"work samples.\" Using empirical research, O\'Connor developed classifications for specific human abilities, to which he gave labels such as \"Graphoria,\" \"Ideaphoria,\" and \"Structural Visualization.\" O'Connor became one of the first researchers to offer documentation that aptitudes are in fact innate. For example, one who is mathematically inclined can learn much more quickly and easily about mathematics than can one whose aptitudes in this area are low. Similarly, if one were to take two groups, one that possessed a high aptitude for finger dexterity and one that did not, with practice, both groups performance would improve, but the group that possessed the higher aptitude would continue to outperform the other despite identical training.
| 368 |
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# Johnson O'Connor
## Later research {#later_research}
O\'Connor sought to expand his efforts in researching human aptitudes and in 1930 he founded the Human Engineering Laboratory at Stevens Institute of Technology This organization evolved into the Johnson O\'Connor Research Foundation, a non-profit organization with branches in several major U.S. cities.
In addition to gathering data on skills specific to various vocations, O'Connor also gathered various general data on his subjects. After establishing the link between specific aptitudes and performance in certain positions, O'Connor decided to take a second look at his data and see if there were any aptitudes which were more important than others in determining general success and advancement. It was during the course of this testing that O'Connor stumbled upon an unexpected discovery: A person's vocabulary level was the best single measure for predicting occupational success in every area. Furthermore, vocabulary is not innate, and can be acquired by everybody. Because acquisition of vocabulary was not, in O\'Connor\'s view, determined by innate aptitudes, it became a major focus of his later writings. O\'Connor considered vocabulary augmentation a major key to unlocking human potential. His later research included an effort to catalogue the most important words for English-speaking people to know and to order these words by difficulty. O'Connor used his findings to improve vocabulary in American students. By first isolating a student's vocabulary level through a carefully researched multiple choice diagnostic test, O\' Connor believed that students could enter a vocabulary program of study that matches their skill level. It is at this level, and just beyond, where learning is most efficient. O\'Connor himself dedicated several books to the topic of learning vocabulary including: \"The Johnson O\'Connor English Vocabulary Builder\" and \"The Johnson O\'Connor Science Vocabulary Builder\" as well as the \"Ginn Vocabulary Building Program\" which he co-authored. His own extensive vocabulary served him well when he was a guest on Groucho Marx\'s You Bet Your Life television program. Groucho joked about his guest having two last names.
The final years of O\'Connor\'s life were spent researching, lecturing, and writing about human aptitudes and ways for people to maximize their mental potential. On these subjects he authored numerous books, including \"Structural Visualization\", \"The Unique Individual\", and \"Psychometrics.\" He also devoted much of his later research to studying vocabulary and the processes by which people acquired word knowledge. O\'Connor died in Mexico City, D.F., in July 1973 and is buried beside his wife, the architect Eleanor Manning O\'Connor, in Newport Beach, California. He was survived by his son, Chadwell O\'Connor, an engineer and Academy Award winner who designed the O\'Connor Fluid-Head camera tripod
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| 1 |
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# Christopher Liwski
**Christopher Donald Liwski** (born April 21, 1980) is a Canadian American rower, a six-time U.S. National Team member, a double World medalist, and a two-time member of the United States Olympic Rowing Team.
## Career
### Early life and education {#early_life_and_education}
Liwski was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He attended Syracuse University as an undergraduate. He then began his legal education at the Syracuse University College of Law, before enrolling in St Catherine\'s College of Oxford University, where he undertook a Master of Science degree in Water Science, Policy and Management. Liwski then returned to the U.S. where he completed his J.D. degree at Boston College Law School.
### Other activities {#other_activities}
From 2008 to 2015 he served as the director & legal chair of the board of directors of the United States Rowing Association. From 2017 to 2018 he served on the board of trustees of the Visiting Nurses Association of Princeton, New Jersey.
### Legal career {#legal_career}
Liwski practices law in the United States. He began his legal career as an attorney with the legal department of Johnson & Johnson and later worked for Drinker Biddle & Reath. Liwski now serves as Head of Legal, North America for Sanofi Consumer Healthcare.
### Collegiate Rowing {#collegiate_rowing}
Liwski rowed for the Syracuse University Crew for four years as an undergraduate, was the recipient of the David Godfrey Award in his senior year, and has been inducted into the Syracuse Athletics Rowing Hall of Fame.
Also, just hours after competing in the 2005 World Cup event at Dorney Lake, Eton, Liwski made a guest appearance in St Catherine\'s College first VIII, which was competing in the Oxford University Summer Eights. He was joined in that crew by fellow international competitors Andrew Triggs Hodge and Colin Smith. They defeated their opposition, Hertford College.
#### The Boat Race {#the_boat_race}
Whilst at Oxford University, Liwski was a member of Oxford University Boat Club and took part in the Boat Race in 2005, marking the 151st racing of the prestigious annual event. Both universities had extremely strong intakes that year, with Cambridge boasting several world champions and the Oxford crew including Olympic silver medallist Barney Williams, and now famed British oarsmen, and three-time Olympic Gold Medalists, Andrew Triggs Hodge and Pete Reed. Oxford, with Liwski in the five seat, won the contest by two lengths in a time of 16 minutes 42 seconds. To date, the 2005 Oxford Blue Boat marks the heaviest crew weight of all time.
### International rowing career {#international_rowing_career}
Liwski won his first international gold medal in 2002 at the three seat of the United States 8+ in the Nations Cup World Championships. He then won gold again in the United States 8+ at the 2003 Pan-American Games. Liwski sat in the five seat of the United States 8+, which came fourth in the final World Cup event before the Athens Olympics, but rowed as the Olympic team spare by the time the crew went on to win Gold in Athens. A year later he competed internationally again, this time at the World Cup event at Dorney Lake, Eton. Liwski, and Oxford crewmate Michael Blomquist, finished ninth there in the coxless pair.
In 2006, Liwski competed at the World Championships rowing at the five seat in the United States 8+, which won a bronze medal behind Germany and Italy. Competing again at the 2007 World Championships, Liwski stroked the U.S. Men's 4+ to a gold medal.
In 2008, Liwski was once again named as alternate on the men\'s sweep team for the Beijing Olympics
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# Rosemary's Sons
**Rosemary\'s Sons** is a Dutch band that makes music described as mainstream pop/rock and rootsrock. The band formed in 1998. With their debut album on Warner Music, *All in Hand* in 2002, they scored a minor hit with the single \"Shine\", which featured Dutch country/pop singer Ilse DeLange.
## Biography
Rosemary\'s Sons was founded in Breda, Netherlands, in 1998 by a group of teenage friends. The band released an independent CD, *Misery Loves Company*, which got immediate attention from record label Warner Music. In 2001, Warner offered the band, which had become quite popular in their hometown, a record deal. Led by producer Oscar Holleman (Krezip, Heideroosjes), they released their debut album *All in Hand*. The album features guest appearances by Ilse deLange and Ren van Barneveld (former Urban Dance Squad). *All in Hand* was well received and quickly entered the Album Top 100. The first single, \"Fall from Grace\", was released in August 2001 and became a modest hit. The next single, \"Shine\" (featuring Ilse deLange), was played often on national radio and TV, made it to the top position in the Cyber Top 50 charts for two consecutive weeks and reached no.34 in the Mega Top 100. Halfway in June, a third single, \"Up All Night\", was released.
In 2002, guitarist Maarten van Damme (formerly of Abel) joined the band, while they were establishing an impressive live reputation. The band played big summer festivals like Paaspop, Bospop, Dauwpop, and Lowlands. They supported The Cranberries (Heineken Music Hall), Bush, De Dijk and Krezip, and toured in most Dutch music clubs. The hard work earned them an Essent Award and an Edison nomination for best new band of 2002.
In 2004, Warner Music announced that they had to terminate the record deals with local artists/bands including Rosemary\'s Sons. A few months later, the band along with producer Oscar Holleman started the recording process and got the attention of V2 Music. The indie label released Rosemary\'s Sons\' second album in April 2005. The resulting effort, *St. Eleanor\'s Park*, contained rootsy roadsongs, some rock songs and a flirtation with jazz and glamrock.
In 2007 Rosemary\'s Sons started working on their next album. The song \"How About It\" received airplay at Omroep Brabant in 2008. In October of that year, the band signed a record deal with CNR Entertainment. A month later, Rosemary\'s Sons were the supporting act of Stevie Ann twice. Stevie Ann also made a guest appearance in the duet \"Perfect\" on the album *Home Sweet Home*. JW Roy sings in the songs \"Thin Line\" and \"Mary-Ann\".
## Members
- Martijn Hagens -- lead vocals, guitar, piano
- Ad van Halteren -- bass
- Bart Herber -- drums, percussion
- Thomas Lina -- keys, tambourine, backing vocals (joined in 1999)
- Maarten van Damme -- guitar, lap steel guitar, mandolin, banjo, harmonica, backing vocals (joined in 2001; formerly with Abel)
## Discography
### Albums
- *Misery Loves Company* (1999)
- *All in Hand* (2002)
- *St. Eleanor\'s Park* (2005)
- *Home Sweet Home* (2009)
### Singles
- \"Fall From Grace\" (2001)
- \"Shine\" (2002)
- \"Up All Night\" (2002)
- \"Wrong Way Around\" (2005)
- \"Queen of Hearts\" (2005)
- \"St
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| 0 |
11,061,395 |
# POP (typeface)
**POP** (Point of Purchase; *ポップ体*) is a mono-weight typeface for the Japanese kanji writing system. It is similar to both sans-serif and script-based typefaces in the Latin alphabet. The POP typeface is designed to effect the look of handwritten Kanji, as though produced by a felt-tip marker. Its loose, casual structure makes it similar to casual scripts in the Latin alphabet.
A common misconception is to associate POP with *HGSoeiKakupoptai* (*HG創英角ﾎﾟｯﾌﾟ体*), but it is only one of many types of casual script fonts produced in Japan, even from the font foundry Soei (*創英企画*). Its popularity came from being distributed with Japanese version of Microsoft Office 2000, and it was also sold by Ricoh under TrueTypeWorld ValueFontD2
| 119 |
POP (typeface)
| 0 |
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# Stereolab discography
The discography of Stereolab, an English-French rock band, comprises thirteen studio albums, seven compilation albums, fifteen extended plays, sixteen singles, and twenty-three rarities compilations. Release dates listed are earliest worldwide.
## Albums
### Studio albums {#studio_albums}
+----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions |
+==========================================================+=================================================+======================+
| UK\ | IRL\ | NOR\ |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| *Peng!* | - Released: 26 May 1992 | --- |
| | - Label: Too Pure | |
| | - Format: LP, CD, cassette | |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| *Transient Random-Noise Bursts with Announcements* | - Released: 10 August 1993 | 62 |
| | - Label: Duophonic | |
| | - Format: LP, CD, cassette | |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| *Mars Audiac Quintet* | - Released: 8 August 1994 | 16 |
| | - Label: Duophonic | |
| | - Format: LP, CD, cassette | |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| *Emperor Tomato Ketchup* | - Released: 11 March 1996 | 27 |
| | - Label: Duophonic | |
| | - Format: LP, CD, cassette | |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| *Dots and Loops* | - Released: 22 September 1997 | 19 |
| | - Label: Duophonic | |
| | - Format: LP, CD, cassette | |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| *Cobra and Phases Group Play Voltage in the Milky Night* | - Released: 21 September 1999 | 92 |
| | - Label: Duophonic | |
| | - Format: LP, CD | |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| *Sound-Dust* | - Released: 28 August 2001 | 117 |
| | - Label: Duophonic | |
| | - Format: LP, CD | |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| *Margerine Eclipse* | - Released: 27 January 2004 | 108 |
| | - Label: Duophonic | |
| | - Format: LP, CD | |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| *Chemical Chords* | - Released: 18 August 2008 | 102 |
| | - Label: Duophonic, 4AD | |
| | - Format: LP, CD, digital download | |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| *Not Music* | - Released: 16 November 2010 | --- |
| | - Label: Duophonic | |
| | - Format: LP, CD | |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| *Instant Holograms on Metal Film* | - Released: 23 May 2025 | 29 |
| | - Label: Duophonic | |
| | - Format: LP, CD, digital download, streaming | |
+----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
### Mini-LPs {#mini_lps}
+-----------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+-----------+
| Title | Album details | Peak\ |
| | | chart\ |
| | | positions |
+=====================================================+===============================+===========+
| UK\ | | |
+-----------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+-----------+
| *The Groop Played \"Space Age Bachelor Pad Music\"* | - Released: 22 March 1993 | --- |
| | - Label: Too Pure, American | |
| | - Format: LP, CD | |
+-----------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+-----------+
| *Music for the Amorphous Body Study Center* | - Released: 17 April 1995 | 59 |
| | - Label: Duophonic | |
| | - Format: LP, CD | |
+-----------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+-----------+
| *The First of the Microbe Hunters* | - Released: 16 May 2000 | --- |
| | - Label: Duophonic, Elektra | |
| | - Format: LP, CD | |
+-----------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+-----------+
| | | |
+-----------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+-----------+
| 530 |
Stereolab discography
| 0 |
11,061,399 |
# Stereolab discography
## Albums
### Compilations
+---------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------+
| Title | Album details | Peak\ |
| | | chart\ |
| | | positions |
+===================================================+==================================+===========+
| UK\ | US\ | US\ |
| | Heat.\ | Indie\ |
+---------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------+
| *Switched On* | - Released: October 1992 | --- |
| | - Label: Too Pure, Slumberland | |
| | - Format: LP, CD | |
+---------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------+
| *Refried Ectoplasm (Switched On Volume 2)* | - Released: July 1995 | 30 |
| | - Label: Duophonic, Drag City | |
| | - Format: LP, CD, cassette | |
+---------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------+
| *Aluminum Tunes (Switched On Volume 3)* | - Released: 20 October 1998 | 109 |
| | - Label: Duophonic, Drag City | |
| | - Format: LP, CD | |
+---------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------+
| *ABC Music: The Radio 1 Sessions* | - Released: 8 October 2002 | --- |
| | - Label: Strange Fruit, Koch | |
| | - Format: CD | |
+---------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------+
| *Oscillons from the Anti-Sun* | - Released: 25 April 2005 | --- |
| | - Label: Duophonic, Too Pure | |
| | - Format: CD | |
+---------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------+
| *Fab Four Suture* | - Released: 6 March 2006 | 177 |
| | - Label: Duophonic, Too Pure | |
| | - Format: LP, CD | |
+---------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------+
| *Serene Velocity: A Stereolab Anthology* | - Released: 29 August 2006 | --- |
| | - Label: Duophonic, Elektra | |
| | - Format: LP, CD | |
+---------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------+
| *Electrically Possessed (Switched On Volume 4)* | - Released: 26 February 2021 | --- |
| | - Label: Duophonic, Warp | |
| | - Format: LP, CD | |
+---------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------+
| *Pulse of the Early Brain (Switched On Volume 5)* | - Released: 2 September 2022 | 66 |
| | - Label: Duophonic, Warp | |
| | - Format: LP, CD | |
+---------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------+
## Singles & EPs {#singles_eps}
Title Year Peak Album
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------ ------ ----------------------------------------------------------
UK
*Super 45* 1991 --- rowspan=\"10\" `{{N/A|Non-album single}}`{=mediawiki}
*Stunning Debut Album* ---
\"Super-Electric\" ---
\"Low Fi\" 1992 ---
\"The Light That Will Cease to Fail\" ---
\"Harmonium/Farfisa\" ---
\"John Cage Bubblegum\" 1993 ---
\"Lo Boob Oscilator\" ---
\"French Disko\" ---
\"Crumb Duck\" (with Nurse With Wound) ---
\"Jenny Ondioline\" / \"French Disko\" 75 *Transient Random-Noise Bursts with Announcements*
\"Ping Pong\" 1994 45 *Mars Audiac Quintet*
\"Wow and Flutter\" 70
\"Cybele\'s Reverie\" 1996 62 *Emperor Tomato Ketchup*
\"Fluorescences\" 78 rowspan=\"1\" `{{N/A|Non-album single}}`{=mediawiki}
\"Metronomic Underground\" --- *Emperor Tomato Ketchup*
\"Miss Modular\" 1997 60 *Dots and Loops*
*Fires* (with Ui, credited to *Uilab*) 1998 --- rowspan=\"3\" `{{N/A|Non-album single}}`{=mediawiki}
\"Calimero\" (with Brigitte Fontaine) 1999 153
\"Simple Headphone Mind\" (with Nurse With Wound) ---
\"The Free Design\" 157 *Cobra and Phases Group Play Voltage in the Milky Night*
*Instant 0 in the Universe* 2003 --- rowspan=\"8\" `{{N/A|Non-album single}}`{=mediawiki}
\"Interlock\" 2005 132
\"Kyberneticka Babicka\" 133
\"Plastic Mile\" 135
\"Excursions into Oh A-Oh\" 2006 152
\"Eye of the Volcano\" 155
\"Whisper Pitch\" 162
\"Explosante Fixe\" 2008 ---
\"Three Women\" --- *Chemical Chords*
\"Aerial Troubles\" 2025 --- *Instant Holograms On Metal Film*
\"---\" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory.
: List of singles, with selected chart positions
### Music videos {#music_videos}
Title Year Director(s) Ref
| 562 |
Stereolab discography
| 1 |
11,061,410 |
# Elfrida Pigou
**Elfrida Mary Pigou** (February 28, 1911 -- July 30, 1960) was a prominent Canadian mountaineer and pioneer with many first ascents to her credit. She was born in Vernon, British Columbia, the daughter of Meynell Henry Pigou and his wife Lilian Maud Mackenzie and spent her childhood in the Okanagan region of British Columbia. She graduated with a Bachelor of Arts from the University of British Columbia in 1931. In 1949 she began a climbing career in the mountainous regions of BC and Washington state that made her perhaps the most distinguished female climber of her generation in Canada.
Pigou became a member of the Alpine Club of Canada in 1948, and this served as her introduction to the world of mountains climbing. Over the next several years she made ascents of many of the tallest mountains in BC, including Mount Raleigh, Mount Gilbert, Homathko Peak and Mount Essex. She also did several rock climbing first ascents in The Bugaboos, some with Fred Beckey. She also volunteered for the Mountain Rescue Group which at that time was under the Alpine Club\'s jurisdiction.
On May 12, 1957, while on a spring ascent of Mount Slesse near Chilliwack, British Columbia with Geoffery Walker and David Cathcart she discovered the wreckage of TCA Flight 810 which had gone missing in December 1956. Pigou and several local mountaineers, including Paddy Sherman and \"Fips\" Broda had surmised that Slesse was the most likely site of the crash of flight 810.
On July 30, 1960, while on an attempt to ascend Mount Waddington, she and climbers Joan Stirling, John Owen and Derrick Boddy went missing. Two days later a party from Seattle came across the site of their camp on the Bravo Glacier which had been obliterated by a large ice and snow avalanche 140 metres wide and at least 3 metres deep. The bodies of all four climbers were left in place, and a memorial was erected nearby on the south shoulder of Mount Jeffery by the Alpine Club.
On March 28, 1967, Mount Elfrida was named in her honour
| 348 |
Elfrida Pigou
| 0 |
11,061,413 |
# Robin Hood Foundation
The **Robin Hood Foundation** is a charitable organization which attempts to alleviate problems caused by poverty in New York City. The organization also administers a relief fund for disasters in the New York City area. In 2010, a key supporter gave every family with children on welfare in New York State \$200 to buy school supplies. In 2017, Wes Moore became the first CEO. In September 2021, Richard Buery, Jr. replaced Moore as the CEO.
## History
Founded in 1988 and named after the heroic outlaw from English folklore, the Robin Hood Foundation was conceived by hedge fund manager Paul Tudor Jones and co-founded with Peter Borish and Glenn Dubin.
The foundation combines investment principles and philanthropy to assist programs that target poverty in New York City.
Funding for the organization\'s activities comes from donations and fund raising efforts. In 2009, George Soros gave the foundation a US\$50 million contribution. The money reportedly helped the organization raise significantly more than that amount.
As of 2016, the foundation was No. 79 on the Forbes 100 Largest U.S. Charities list.
In 2017, Robin Hood appointed author and veterans advocate Wes Moore as its CEO. Moore grew up in poverty in the Bronx before becoming a Rhodes scholar at the University of Oxford, a paratrooper and captain in the 82nd Airborne, and investment banker at Citigroup. Moore succeeded David Saltzman who was the Executive Director since co-founding the organization.
Wes Moore stepped down as CEO of Robin Hood Foundation in May 2021. Derek Ferguson, who served as Robin Hood's Chief Operating Officer since December 2017 stepped into the role of Interim Chief Executive Officer, until a permanent replacement was identified. As of September 2021, Richard Buery, Jr. joined Robin Hood as the new Chief Executive Officer. Buery brings extensive experience in nonprofit and civic leadership to Robin Hood, after serving in leadership roles with Robin Hood partners like Achievement First and Children's Aid, and as a Deputy Mayor of New York City.
In May 2022, during Robin Hood's annual event to benefit poverty-fighting efforts in New York, the company announced the launch of a new, \$100 million Child Care Quality and Innovation Initiative for New York City. The fund was created from commitments of \$50 million from Robin Hood, \$25 million from Ohanian's 776 Foundation and \$50 million from New York City. Additionally, the annual event raised \$126 million, all of which will support poverty-fighting programs citywide.
*Fortune* magazine said \"Robin Hood was a pioneer in what is now called venture philanthropy, or charity that embraces free-market forces. An early practitioner of using metrics to measure the effectiveness of grants, it is a place where strategies to alleviate urban poverty are hotly debated, ineffectual plans are coldly discarded, and its staff of 66 hatches radical new ideas.\"
## Events
In 2001, The Concert for New York City provided funds for the organization in response to the September 11 attacks, raising \$35 million.
After Hurricane Sandy in 2012, the 12-12-12: The Concert for Sandy Relief concert also provided funds for the foundation\'s efforts, with \$35 million in ticket sales and \$50 million total.
In May 2020, the Robin Hood Foundation along with iHeartMedia held a virtual hour-long telethon called Rise Up New York! aimed at supporting the residents of New York who had been heavily impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. The event raised over \$115 million.
## Programs
The Robin Hood Foundation works with more than 240 nonprofit organizations in New York and surrounding areas. They categorize their programs into \"Core fund recipients\" and \"Relief fund recipients\". Core fund recipients consist of four portfolios: early childhood, education, jobs and economic security, and survival.
| 617 |
Robin Hood Foundation
| 0 |
11,061,413 |
# Robin Hood Foundation
## Reception
The Robin Hood Foundation was featured in *Fortune*\'s 18 September 2006 issue, where the article states that the foundation is \"one of the most innovative and influential philanthropic organizations of our time\". On September 16, 2013 the news show *60 Minutes* aired a report on Jones and how the Foundation has given away more than 25 million dollars.
## Founding members {#founding_members}
The founding members of the board were as follows: `{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
*[[Lee Ainslie]], Maverick Capital
*Victoria B. Bjorklund, Simpson Thacher & Bartlett
*[[Lloyd C. Blankfein]], Goldman Sachs
*[[Peter Borish]], Twinfields Capital
*[[Geoffrey Canada]], Harlem Children's Zone
*[[Tom Brokaw]], NBC News
*Maurice Chessa, Bedford-Stuyvesant I Have a Dream Program
*[[Richard Chilton]], Chilton Investment
*[[Steven A. Cohen]], SAC Capital
*[[Glenn Dubin]], Highbridge Capital
*[[Marian Wright Edelman]], Children's Defense Fund
*[[Richard S. Fuld Jr.]], Lehman Brothers
*[[Jeffrey R. Immelt]], General Electric
*[[Paul Tudor Jones II]], Tudor Investment
*Peter Kiernan III, Cyrus Capital
*[[Marie-Josée Kravis]], Hudson Institute
*[[Kenneth G. Langone]], Invemed Associates
*Mary McCormick, Fund for the City of New York
*[[Doug Morris]], Universal Music
*[[Daniel Och]], Och-Ziff Capital
*[[Gwyneth Paltrow]], Actress
*[[Robert Pittman (media executive)|Robert Pittman]], Pilot Group
*[[David Puth]], J.P. Morgan Chase
*[[Diane Sawyer]], ABC News
*[[Alan D. Schwartz]], Bear Stearns
*[[John Sykes (American businessman)|John Sykes]], MTV Networks
*[[Harvey Weinstein]], Weinstein Co
| 217 |
Robin Hood Foundation
| 1 |
11,061,419 |
# Sackville Lane-Fox, 12th Baron Conyers
**Sackville George Lane-Fox, 12th Baron Conyers and *de jure* 15th Baron Darcy de Knayth** (14 September 1827 -- 24 August 1888) was a British peer and soldier.
## Early life {#early_life}
Lane-Fox was the eldest son of Lady Charlotte Osborne (d. 1836) and Sackville Lane-Fox (1797--1874), a British Conservative Party politician. His younger brother, Charles Pierrepont Darcy Lane-Fox, was wounded at the Battle of Alma while an officer in the Crimean War.
His father was the third son of James Fox-Lane of Bramham Park and Hon. Marcia Lucy Pitt (third daughter George Pitt, 1st Baron Rivers). His grandfather was a Member of Parliament for Horsham and through his uncle William Lane-Fox and his wife, Lady Caroline Douglas (sister of George Douglas, 17th Earl of Morton), he was a first cousin of Augustus Pitt Rivers. His mother was the only childhood-surviving daughter of the George Osborne, 6th Duke of Leeds and Lady Charlotte Townshend (eldest daughter of George Townshend, 1st Marquess Townshend). His maternal uncle was Francis D\'Arcy-Osborne, 7th Duke of Leeds.
## Career
On 7 August 1846, he became a cornet by purchase in the Royal Horse Guards and exchanged to the 13th Light Dragoons on 28 December 1849. He retired from the regiment in April 1850.
He returned to the Army after the outbreak of the Crimean War. On 29 December 1854, he was commissioned an ensign in the 21st Regiment of Foot. Lane-Fox served with the regiment at the Siege of Sevastopol, for which he later received the medal and clasp. He exchanged as a lieutenant into the 87th Regiment of Foot on 22 July 1856 and retired from the regiment around June 1859.
He was appointed a cornet in the Yorkshire Hussars on 24 May 1861, but retired from the regiment in September and became a lieutenant in the Royal East Kent Yeomanry on 19 May 1863.
### Titles and estates {#titles_and_estates}
In 1859, Lane-Fox had inherited the Portuguese countship of Mértola and the baronies of Darcy de Knayth and Conyers from his maternal uncle (who died childless) the 7th Duke of Leeds. The Dukedom was inherited by the 7th Duke\'s cousin, George Osborne (son of Lord Francis Osborne, his grandfather\'s younger brother).
## Personal life {#personal_life}
On 14 August 1860, Lord Conyers married Mary Curteis, daughter of Capt. Reginald Curteis and the former Frances Mary Reynolds (eldest daughter of Lawrence Reynolds of Paxton Hall). Together, they had three children:
- The Hon. Sackville FitzRoy Henry (1861--1879), who died unmarried.
- The Hon. Marcia Amelia Mary (1863--1926), who married Charles Pelham, 4th Earl of Yarborough.
- The Hon. Violet Ida Evelyn (1865--1929), who married George Herbert, 4th Earl of Powis.
On Lord Conyers\' death in 1888 his English baronies became abeyant between his two daughters; the barony of Conyers became granted to Marcia in 1892, and that of Darcy de Knayth became granted to his other daughter, Violet in 1903. His Portuguese countship passed to Marcia with immediate effect. His widow, Lady Conyers, died on 12 November 1921
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# Pan American Airways Guided Missile Range Division
**Pan American Airways Guided Missile Range Division** (PAA GMRD) was a distinct division of Pan American World Airways in the period 1950-1980, responsible as prime contractor of the U.S. Air Force Eastern Test Range, based out of Patrick Air Force Base, Florida. It was responsible for providing operations and maintenance for the Eastern Test Range, but subcontracted operation and maintenance of electronic equipment, such as missile tracking radars on the test range tracking ships and stations to the Missile Test Project of RCA Service Company (RCAS).
PAA GMRD operated under the direction of the U.S. Air Force, and retained operational offices within Patrick Air Force Base at what was then called the Tech Lab and at Building 423, and had administrative offices in Cocoa Beach, at 750 South Orlando Avenue.
Operational and technical personnel requiring travel to downrange sites boarded U.S. Air Force Military Air Transport Service (MATS) aircraft at Hangar 800 on Patrick Air Force Base. Travel by propeller-driven MATS planes was slow at the time. For example, travel by MATS to the South Atlantic Ocean tracking site at Ascension Island required three days of travel: Patrick Air Force Base to Suriname, with an overnight stay, then on to Recife, Brazil, with another overnight stay, and then, finally, the flight from Recife to Ascension Island. If traveling personnel were assigned to a tracking vessel awaiting their arrival in the Ascension Island area, it was necessary to then travel from Clarence Bay at Ascension Island to the vessel by means of motor whaleboat, barge, or other type of small craft, depending on boat schedule and sea condition.
Personnel returning from downrange passed through customs at the same hangar
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# Kastrati (surname)
**Kastrati** is an Albanian surname. It is derived from the name of a tribe of the Malësi e Madhe area in Northern Albania. In 1403, certain Aleksa Kastrati, a lord of three villages, received a gift from the governor of Shkodër
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# Adelle Lutz
**Adelle Lutz** (born November 13, 1948) is an American artist, designer and actress, most known for work using unconventional materials and strategies to explore clothing as a communicative medium. She first gained attention for the surreal \"Urban Camouflage\" costumes featured in David Byrne\'s film *True Stories* (1986).
She has designed costumes for film director Susan Seidelman, theater directors Robert Wilson and JoAnne Akalaitis, and musicians including Byrne, Bono and Michael Stipe. In the 1990s, she began to shift from costume to sculpture, installation art and eventually, performance. Lutz\'s art and design have been exhibited at the Metropolitan Museum of Art and Fashion Institute of Technology (FIT) (New York), the Victoria and Albert Museum and Barbican Art Centre (London), the Montreal Museum of Decorative Arts and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (Cleveland), among many venues. In 2002, the Judith Clark Costume Gallery in London presented a career survey.
Her work has also been featured in *The New York Times*, *Harper\'s Magazine*, *Newsweek*, *Village Voice*, *Vanity Fair* and *Paper* and in books on fashion, costume and public art, including *Fashion and Surrealism* (1987), *Designed for Delight* (1997), *Twenty Years of Style: The World According to Paper* (2004), and *Because Dreaming is Best Done in Public: Creative Time in Public Spaces* (2012). Her work *Ponytail Boot* (2002) is part of the Metropolitan Museum of Art collection.
## Life
Lutz was born in Lakewood, Ohio, in 1948. Her parents were Mona Miwako Furuki, a native of Japan who studied couture, and Walter Lutz, an American businessman in international trade; they met in occupied Japan on Christmas Day 1945, while Walter served with the United States Army. Their collection of over 4,000 Asian bamboo works and objects is part of the Denver Art Museum\'s collection and was exhibited in the museum\'s Walter + Mona Lutz Gallery, which Adelle co-designed.
As a teenager, Lutz moved with her family to Tokyo, where she attended International Christian University and with her sister, jewelry designer Tina Chow, modeled for the cosmetics company Shiseido, among other firms, between 1967 and 1972.
Lutz was working with theater director Robert Wilson, when she met David Byrne in 1982; the three collaborated on *The Knee Plays* section of Wilson\'s opera, *the CIVIL warS*. She and Byrne married in 1987 and their daughter, Malu Abeni Valentine Lutz Byrne, was born in 1989. Byrne\'s former bandmate Chris Frantz claims that Byrne left Lutz in 2002 immediately following the ceremony inducting his band Talking Heads\' into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
Lutz has lived in Los Angeles since 2008. Her first grandchild, Bo Wyly Ford Squibb, was born in August 2018.
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# Adelle Lutz
## Work
Writers and critics have sometimes struggled with Lutz\'s creative identity, situating her, in Met curator Harold Koda\'s words, \"in a netherworld of fashion and art.\" Carlo McCormick summed up Lutz\'s eclectic, collaborative output as \"uncannily eccentric work\" that \"has danced along the periphery of fashion, theater, performance art, music and film for decades\" before shifting to individual art in the late 1990s. Writers generally note her affinities to the unexpected juxtapositions and deadpan humor of Dada and Surrealism, a Pop-like appreciation of everyday, consumerist objects and culture, and a consistent engagement with concepts and materials related to the body and dress. In the catalogue to her 2002 retrospective, Koda concluded, \"despite her apparent whimsy and good humor, like the Dadaists, Lutz is consistently, if subtly, subversive.\"
### Costume design {#costume_design}
Lutz has created costuming for film, performance, theater, display, and as artwork. Between 1983 and 1986, she designed costumes for the Talking Heads videos \"Burning Down the House\", \"This Must Be the Place (Naive Melody)\", \"Road to Nowhere\", and \"Love For Sale\", before attracting widespread attention for the \"Urban Camouflage\" clothing featured in the fashion show segment of David Byrne\'s *True Stories* (1986). The surreal garments (e.g., *Astroturf Family* or *Fir Coat*) mimicked conventional, often low-brow materials (wood paneling, brick, plastic greenery) and explored the idea of camouflage as a metaphor for conformity to manicured, middle-class suburban life. Curator Judith Clark described them as \"dead-pan jokes\" that viewers get immediately without being disturbed by their \"strangeness\"; other writers suggest that the pieces reflect on the obliteration of self in contemporary society. Subsequent to the film, the costumes were featured in an Annie Leibovitz photo shoot in *Vanity Fair* and shows at FIT (\"Fashion and Surrealism\", 1987), the Museum of Contemporary Design and Applied Arts, Lusanne (2002), and Imperial War Museum, London (2007); they also appear in books, such as *Paternalia* (2015) and *Disruptive Pattern Material* (2004), among others.
In the decade that followed, Lutz worked on diverse projects. She designed a contemporary wardrobe for Jesus for a tongue-in-cheek, 1987 *Harper\'s Magazine* feature that commissioned professionals in various fields to create components for a fictional, second-coming of Jesus of Nazareth \"American Tour\". Her Christmas 1992 window design for Barneys displaying unconventionally dressed reindeer women (e.g., a four-armed \"Deliah Donner\", playing a trumpet, tambourine, cymbals and drum and sporting a Women\'s Action Coalition button) were twice written up in *The New York Times*. In 1997, Lutz created *Muscle Suit* (1997) for David Byrne\'s \"Feelings\" concert tour, a costume whose entire surface displayed an anatomical illustration of human musculature. She also produced concert costumes for Michael Stipe for the R.E.M. \"Green\" tour (1997).
Lutz has frequently created costume designs for experimental theater directors. She worked on *The Knee Plays* segment of Robert Wilson\'s opera, *the CIVIL warS* (1984), JoAnne Akalaitis\'s productions of *Leon Lena (and Lenz)* (Guthrie Theatre, 1988) and *Dream Play* (Juilliard School Theatre, 1996), and David Gordon\'s *The Firebugs* (Guthrie Theatre, 1995) and *Punch and Judy Get Divorced* (American Music Theatre Festival, 1996). Her film costuming credits include *Checking Out* (dir. David Leland, 1989) and the Paul Auster-directed films *Lulu on the Bridge* (1997) and *The Inner Life of Martin Frost* (2007). Her wedding costumes for Susan Seidelman\'s *Making Mr. Right* (1987) were praised in Janet Maslin\'s *New York Times* review of the film.
### Costume art and sculpture {#costume_art_and_sculpture}
In the late 1990s, Lutz turned to garment and furniture-related artworks that critics suggest use simple perceptual changes to create unexpected, sometimes disquieting readings and associations regarding identity, gender and culture. She collaborated with David Byrne on the \"Dressed Objects\" series (1998--9), which outfitted furniture and household items in ruffled skirts, chinos, slip, and more, imbuing mundane objects with idiosyncratic character and unexpected humanity. In *The Wedding Party* (2000--2) they staged the dressed objects as a surreal, imaginary wedding party to create what critics called curious and mysterious relationships between the anthropomorphized \"figures\". In her costume work, Lutz extended the strategy of *Muscle Suit* to create pieces such as *Velvet Pelvis* (2001)---a magenta velvet cocktail dress with a ghostly, correctly positioned illustration of a woman\'s pelvic bones---and *Velvet Spine* (2001), a black men\'s suit with spinal vertebrae depicted on the back.
That work led to a series exhibited at Färgfabriken in Stockholm, Centraal Museum in Utrecht, and New York, which used human hair as the expressive element in clothing and furnishings that explore ideas around the body, concealment, propriety, desire and disgust. *Corporate Adam and Eve* (2001) featured male and female mannequins wearing a flesh-toned suit and dress, both with gender appropriate body hair on the outside of the clothing; *New York Times* critic Ken Johnson described two related works---an elegant beige chair whose upholstered seat featured a triangle of soft wavy hair and a prim, short-sleeved sweater with long tresses added to the armpits---as capturing \"a high-low tension\" that \"is demure yet oddly sexy.\" Curator Jan Åman described the series as work within the traditionally defined \"female sphere\" that was \"meticulously crafted \[and\] at once elegant, perverse, and unabashedly strong.\"
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# Adelle Lutz
## Work
### Public art and installations {#public_art_and_installations}
In 1993, Lutz created the site-specific installation *One Size Fits All*, commissioned in New York by the 42nd Street Development Project and Creative Time for the \"42nd St. Art Project\". Combining her interests in clothing, unconventional materials and sociopolitical commentary, she created an \"American Shemale\" window (in an American Male store) displaying bright yellow mannequins in tailored coats and boots fashioned from draped and quilted condoms, among other materials. Critic Roberta Smith noted its discreetly subversive aesthetic matching \"the street\'s tacky visual style\" and playful safe-sex messaging; *New York Newsday* called it \"deadpan preaching so outrageously glitzy it looks as if it was always there.\"
In 2003, Lutz staged the anti-war public performance *The Peace Piece*, a 12-hour procession through the streets of Manhattan by six women wearing black burkhas hand-painted with U.N. statistics about war (e.g., \"90% of war casualties are civilians.\" or \"23 million people live in Iraq. Half are children.\") or the image of a full-term baby on the belly. It took place on March 21, 2003 (the first day of spring and the Persian New Year), with the participants walking while engaged in Buddhist *metta* (\"well-wishing\") meditation from the Staten Island Ferry war memorial, past the Stock Exchange, into Grand Central Station and Rockefeller Center, and, finally, to Times Square. Lucy Lippard described the performance\'s use of surprise as a tactic to publicly present moral, political and social dilemmas as \"democracy in action.\" The project was also presented in earlier incarnations---as a single work and as the installation *Burkha/Womb* (2003), which featured a single burkha printed with the baby image---and as a storefront window installation documenting the performance with six of the burkhas and video and sound (by Courtney Harmel and Sara Driver).
## Acting and additional film work {#acting_and_additional_film_work}
In addition to her costume design, Lutz worked as an actress between 1986 and 1995. Her first role was a supporting one as a spirit haunting her former lover\'s wife in an episode of *Alfred Hitchcock Presents* (\"The Canary Sedan\"). She also had supporting roles in Tim Burton\'s *Beetlejuice* (1988), Wim Wenders\'s *Until the End of the World* (1991), and *Dead Funny* (1994) with Elizabeth Peña and Andrew McCarthy. Writer Pico Iyer wrote that she brought a \"swan-necked grace\" to her portrayal of Aung Sun Suu Kyi in the John Boorman film *Beyond Rangoon* (1995); *New York Times* critic Caryn James wrote that her \"ethereal\" presence hovered over the film. Lutz also appeared in Jonathan Demme\'s *The Silence of the Lambs* (1991) and *Something Wild* (1986), Oliver Stone\'s *Wall Street* (1987), and *Checking Out* (1989).
In 1990, Lutz and Sandy McLeod co-directed the music video \"Too Darn Hot\", performed by Erasure for Red Hot + Blue, an ABC special seen in 35 countries that was created to raise public awareness about AIDS and to benefit AIDS organizations. The video mixed TV news images, critique and safe-sex messages, but was censored by the network (aired with cuts), which cited concerns about the \"balance\" of its criticisms of the health care system and Reagan and Bush administrations; *The Hollywood Reporter* nonetheless called it one of the program\'s \"strongest moments\". In 1995, Lutz also created the production design for the Bono segment of the documentary *Inner City Blues: The Music of Marvin Gaye*, directed by Earle Sebastian (1995)
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# Bhoopali
**Bhoopali**, also known as *Bhoop*, *Bhopali,* or *Bhupali*, is a Hindustani classical raga. Bhupālī, is a raag in Kalyan Thaat. It is a pentatonic scale (uses 5 notes in ascending and descending scale). Most of the songs in this raga are based on Bhakti rasa. Since it uses 5 notes, belongs to the \"Audav jaati\" of ragas.
The same raga in Carnatic music is known as Mohanam.
Raga Bhoopali, Raga Yaman, and Raga Bhairav tend to be the three basic ragas of Hindustani music, learned first by its students.
## Theory
Karhade (2011) explains that raga Bhopali consists of just 5 notes - सा रे ग प ध (sa, re, ga, pa and dha). It does not use Ma (also called Madhyam) and Ni (also called Nishadh). It is said that the absence of Ni (representative of physical pleasure) and Ma (representative of loving) means this raga is about non-attachment.
The Introduction consists of two parts -- *Aaroh* आरोह (where the notes are simply recited on an ascending scale) and *Avaroha* (where the notes are simply recited on a descending order)
Thereafter, with these same five notes, different combinations are made by the singer, similar to short phrases, also called \"chalan\".
### Aroha and avaroha {#aroha_and_avaroha}
The scale of *Bhopali* uses only *Shuddh* swaras.
- Aroha (ascent): Sa Re Ga Pa Dha Sa\'
- Avaroha (descent): Sa\'! Dha Pa Ga Re Sa
### Vadi and samavadi {#vadi_and_samavadi}
- Vadi
Gandhar -- ga
- Samavadi
Dhaivat -- Dha
### Alap
1. S, D1 D1\...S, R - - S\...D1 S\..., D1 - - - P1, S - - - D1 S - - D1 P1, P1 D1, D1 D1 S
### Pakad and chalan {#pakad_and_chalan}
The Pakad (catchphrase that often helps in identifying a raga) is:
S R G R S D1 S R G
or:
S R G R S D1 S R G P G D P G R S
or:
G R P G G R S R D1 S
or:
G R S D1 S R G R P G D P G R S
or:
G R P G S R D1 S
Some chalans (elaborations of the pakad) are:
1. S R G R S D1 S R G
2. S R G R S D1 P1
3. P1 D1 S R G R G
4. S R P G
5. G R S R G P
6. G P D P D D S'
7. P G P D P D S' R' G' R' G'
8. G' R' S' D P G R S
Note: Normally written swaras (individual notes) indicate the middle octave. A swara immediately followed by **1** indicates the *mandra saptak* (lower octave) and **\'** indicates the *taar saptak* (higher octave).
A few movements in Bhopali are important to note. There is typically a slide when descending between Sa and Dha, as well as between Pa and Ga. These slides parallel each other and can be used to create a symmetry about how the Swaras are developed. Also, many performers will bring out the *Kalyan* flavor of Bhopali by using **abhasi** of the notes *Shuddha* Ni and *Tivra* Ma. That is to say, these notes are only vaguely suggested in passing ornaments, not actually sung for long enough for the Swara to become a clear part of the Raga. Some examples would be:
(N~1~)D~1~ S
P(m)P(m) D P
where the notes in parentheses are connected by slides or sung as *meend*.
### Bandish
This bandish is bound with Teentaal (16 beats).
1 2 3 4 \| 5 6 7 8 \| 9 10 11 12 \| 13 14 15 16 \|
Asthayi:
D S D2 P \| G2 R2 S R2 \|
G2 \_ G2 P \| G2 R2 S \_ \|
S R2 G2 P \| R2 G2 P D2 \|
G2 P D2 P \| G2 R2 S \_ \|
Antara:
G2 \_ G2 G2 \|P \_ D2 P \|
S\' \_ S\' S\' \|D3 R3 S\' \_\|
G3 G3 R3 S\'\|R3 R3 S\' D3\|
S\' \_ D2 P \|G2 R2 S \_\|
The Asthayi starts with the 9th beat.
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# Bhoopali
## Organisation and relationships {#organisation_and_relationships}
Raga Bhoopali belongs to the Kalyan Thaat.
Related ragas: Deshkar (a pentatonic raga belonging to the Bilawal Thaat with the same scale as Bhoopali). Shuddha Kalyan is another similar raga.
### Samay (Time) {#samay_time}
First part of night. 7-9
### Rasa
*Bhakti Rasa* (Devotional)
The essence from the raga evokes the Shanti Rasa -- peaceful and calming.
The Rasa can also be called Shanta Rasa
### Film songs {#film_songs}
Bhoopali is a popular raga used in Indian folk songs, and thus in Hindi and other regional film songs.
Hindi:
- \"Jyoti Kalash Chhalke\" (*Bhabhi Ki Chudiyan*) (1961)
- \"Pankh Hote To Udd Aati Re\" (*Sehra*) (1963)
- \"Main Jahaan Rahoon\" (*Namastey London*) (2007)
- \"Dil Hoom Hoom Kare\" (*Rudaali*) (1993)
- \"Sayonara Sayonara\" (*Love in Tokyo*) (1966)
- \"Dekha ek khwaab to yeh silsile hue\" (*Silsila*) (1981)
- \"Aayat\" (*Bajirao Mastani*) (2015)
- \"Neel Gagan Ki Chaanv men\" (*Amrapali*) (1966)
Marathi:
- \"Ghanashyama Sundara\" (*Amar Bhoopali*) (1951)
- \"Dehaachi Tijori\" (*Aamhi Jato Amuchya Gava*) (1951)
- \"sujana kasā mana corī\" (*Sangeet Natak*)
- \"śarayū tīrāvarī ayodhyā\" (*Geet Ramayan*)
Kannada:
- \"Malgudi Days Theme Music\"
- \"Mohana Muraliya Naada Leelege\"
- \"Olave Jeevana Saakshaatkaara\"
- \"Bellane Belagayitu\"
- \"Aashaadha Maasa Bandeetavva\"
- \"Belliya Raja Baaro Kullara Raja Baa\"
- \"Uttunga Naadininda Ondu Hudugi (Folk)\"
- \"Nigi Ningee Ningi Ningee\"
- \"Hottito Hottitu Kannadada Deepa\"
- \"Udayavaagali Namma Cheluva Kannada Naadu\"
- \"Bayaside Ninnanu Bhaavada Melake\"
- \"Ellaadaru Iru, Entaadaru Iru\"
- \"Karunaalu Baa Belake\"
- \"Tungaa Teeradi Ninta Suyativara\"
- \"Teraa Yeri Ambaradaage\"
- \"Tunturu Alli Neera Haadu\"
- \"Sarasada Ee Prati Nimisha\"
- \"Amara Madhura Prema\"
- \"Malli Malli Minchulli\"
- \"Nanna Aase Hannaagi Nanna Baala Kannaade\"
- \"Innu Hattiraa Hattiraa Baruveya\"
- \"Radha Madhava Vinoda Haasa\"
- \"Yaava Janmada Maitri\"
- \"Kogile O Kogile\"
- \"Naliyutaa Hrudaya Haadanu Haadide\"
- \"Kogileye Kshemave\"
- \"Santasa Araluva Samaya\"
- \"Doni Sagali Munde Hogali\"
- \"Mudala Maneya Muttina Neerina\"
- \"Appaa I Love You Paa\"
- \"Jenina Holeyo Haalina Maleyo\"
- \"Naavaaduva Nudiye\"
- \"Om Karadi Kande\"
- \"Neela Megha Gaali Beesi\"
- \"Ee Hasiru Siriyali Manavu Mereyali\"
- \"Ee Sambhaashane\"
- \"Baanallu Neene Bhuviyallu Neene\"
- \"Yogi Manege Bandaa\"
- \"Mella Mellane Bandane\"
- \"Jayatu Jaya Viththala\"
- \"O Pandu Ranga Prabho Viththala\"
- \"Avatarisu Baa Narayana\"
- \"Pillangoviya\"
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# Bhoopali
## Organisation and relationships {#organisation_and_relationships}
### Tamil movie songs in Mohanam {#tamil_movie_songs_in_mohanam}
Song Movie Lyricist Composer Singer
------------------------------------------------------ --------------------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------ --------------------------------------------------------------------
*Giridhara Gopala* Meera S. V. Venkatraman M. S. Subbulakshmi
*Thillai Ambala Nadaraajaa* Soubhagyavathi Pattukkottai Kalyanasundaram Pendyala Nageswara Rao T. M. Soundararajan
*Nilavum Malarum* Then Nilavu Kannadasan A. M. Rajah A. M. Rajah, P. Susheela
*Aarumugamana Porul* Kandhan Karunai K. V. Mahadevan S. Janaki, Rajalakshmi
*Om Namasivaya* Thiruvilaiyadal Sirkazhi Govindarajan, P. Susheela
*Malargal Nanaindhana* Idhaya Kamalam P. Susheela
*Velli Mani Oosaiyil* Iru Malargal Vaali M. S. Viswanathan
*Chittukuruvikenna* Saavale Samali Kannadasan
*Iraivan Varuvan* Shanthi Nilayam
*Yaumuna Nadhi Inge* Gowaravam S. P. Balasubramaniam, P. Susheela
*Sangey Mozhangu* Kalangarai Vilakam Bharathidasan P. Susheela, Seerkazhi Govindarajan
*Thanga Thoniyile* Ulagam Sutrum Vaaliban Vaali K. J. Yesudas, P. Susheela
*Bansaye* T. M. Soundarajan, L. R. Easwari
*Kadaloram Vaangiya Kaatru* Rickshawkaaran T. M. Soundarajan
*Vanda naal mudhal* Paavamannippu Kannadasan
*Thiruchendoorin Kadalorathil Senthilnaathan* Dheivam Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan T. M. Soundararajan, Seerkazhi Govindarajan
*Neelakkadalin Oratthil* Annai Velankanni G. Devarajan T. M. Soundararajan, P. Madhuri
*Oru Kadhal Samrajyam* Nandha En Nila V. Dakshinamoorthy P. Jayachandran, T. K. Kala
*Ninu Kori Varnam Isaithida* Agni Natchatram Illayaraja Chitra
*Kanmaniye Kadhal Enbadhu* Aarilirunthu Arubathu Varai S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki
*Nilavu thoongum* Kungumachimizh
*Iru Paravaigal* Niram Maratha Pookal Jency
*Meenkodi Theril* Karumbhu Vil K.J. Yesudas, Jency Anthony
*Vaan Pole Vannam* Salangai Oli Vairamuthu S. P. Balasubhramaniam, S. P. Sailaja
*Oru Thanga Rathathil* Dharma Yutham Malaysia Vasudevan
*Kannan Oru kaikulanthai* Bhadrakali KJ Yesudas, P Susheela
*Kaathirunthen Thaniye* Rasa Magan Chandrasekar, Srilekha
*Sreeramane Unnai* Kangalin Vaarthaigal K. S. Chithra, Illayaraja
*Oru Raagam* Anandha Ragam Gangai Amaran K. J. Yesudas, S. Janaki
*Geetham Sangeetham* Kokarako S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
*Poovil Vandu* Kaadhal Oviyam Vairamuthu
*Ravi varman oviyamo* Puthu vayal Aravinth
*Sivappu Lolaku* Kaadhal Kottai Deva
*Vellarika* Krishnaraj
*Nepala Malaiyoram* Thaikulame Thaikulame S. P. Balasubhramaniam, Swarnalatha
*Priya Priya* Kattabomman (film) S. P. Balasubhramaniam, K.S.Chitra
*Thoonganakuruvi* Jallikattu kalai
Kadhal Kaditham Cheran Pandiyan Soundaryan S.A. Rajkumar, Swarnalatha
*Boom Boom* Boys Kabilan A. R. Rahman Adnan Sami, Sadhana Sargam
*Ennodu Nee Irundhaal* I Sid Sriram, Sunitha Sarathy
*Porale Ponnuthayi* Karuthamma Vairamuthu Unni Menon, Sujatha Mohan, Swarnalatha(Pathos)(Won National Award)
*Madrasai Suthi* (Ragamalika:Mohanam, Punnagavarali) May Maadham Shahul Hameed, Swarnalatha, G. V. Prakash & Manorama
*Pakkada Pakkade* Gentleman Minmini
*Varayo Thozhi* Jeans Sonu Nigam, Harini
*Samba Samba* Love Birds Aslam Mustafa
*Kannai Katti Kollathey* Iruvar Hariharan
*Poi Solla Poren* Thiruttu Payale Bharadwaj KK, Kanmani
*Oru Kathal Enpathu* Chinna Thambi Periya Thambi Gangai Amaran S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki
*Chinnapattam Poochi* Sugamana Sumaigal Chandrabose K. S. Chithra, Mano
*Kaalai Neeye* Kaalaiyum Neeye Maalaiyum Neeye Vaali Devendran S. Janaki
*Malaiya Kodainju Pathaya Amaichen* Pudhu Padagan S. Thanu S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra
Unnai Ninachi Avathara Purushan Sirpy
Mudhal Mudhalai Varushamellam Vasantham P. Unnikrishnan, Sujatha
Pottu Mela Pottu Janakiraman S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Anuradha Sriram
Mainaave Mainaave Thithikudhe Vidyasagar P. Unnikrishnan, Sadhana Sargam
Rosave Rosave Ellaichami Pulamaipithan S. A. Rajkumar Malaysia Vasudevan, K. S. Chithra
*Maname Thottal* Thottachinungi Phillip Jerry Hariharan, K. S
| 489 |
Bhoopali
| 2 |
11,061,472 |
# Cartoon Network Speedway
***Cartoon Network Speedway*** is a kart racing video game released for the Game Boy Advance in 2003. Published by Majesco Entertainment and developed by DC Studios, the game features characters from Cartoon Network\'s original animated television series; *Ed, Edd n Eddy*, *Johnny Bravo*, *Courage the Cowardly Dog*, *Cow and Chicken*, and *Sheep in the Big City*.
## Gameplay
Gameplay of *Cartoon Network Speedway* features 12 drivers, 12 tracks, password saving, and link cable support for two players with multiple game cartridges. The game does not feature a time trial mode.
### Characters
## Reception
The game received mixed reviews by critics and gamers alike. On *IGN*, it received a 3 out of 10, reviewer Craig Harris stating \"*Cartoon Network Speedway* is one of the sloppiest and most generic kart racers released on the Game Boy Advance.\" It currently has a 53% rating on GameRankings. It was also given a 65 out of 100 from Next Level Gaming, a 3 out of 5 from *Nintendo Power*, and 58 out of 100 from *VG-Force*. Complaints centered on bad and choppy graphics, the slow pace, the fact that characters from *Dexter\'s Laboratory* and *The Powerpuff Girls* (both popular Cartoon Network franchises) were unavailable, and the lack of challenge
| 209 |
Cartoon Network Speedway
| 0 |
11,061,480 |
# 2001–02 Ukrainian First League
The **2001--02 Ukrainian First League** was the eleventh season of the Ukrainian First League which was won by SC Volyn-1 Lutsk. The season started on July 17, 2001, and finished on June 16, 2002.
## Promotion and relegation {#promotion_and_relegation}
### Promoted teams {#promoted_teams}
Three clubs promoted from the 2000--01 Ukrainian Second League.
Group A
- FC Polissya Zhytomyr -- champion *(returning after a season)*
Group B
- FC Obolon Kyiv -- champion *(returning after a season)*
Group C
- FC Naftovyk Okhtyrka -- champion *(returning after a season)*
### Relegated teams {#relegated_teams}
Two clubs were relegated from the 2000-01 Ukrainian Top League:
- FC Stal Alchevsk -- 14th place *(returning after a season)*
- FC Nyva Ternopil -- 15th place *(debut)*
### Renamed teams {#renamed_teams}
- FC Lviv merged with Karpaty becoming their farm team and changed its name to **FC Karpaty-2 Lviv** before the season.
- FC Metalurh Nikopol changed its name to **FC Elektrometalurh-NZF Nikopol** before the season.
- Due to reorganization of FC Arsenal Kyiv, FC CSKA-2 Kyiv changed its name back to **FC CSKA Kyiv** during winter break.
### Teams
In 2001-02 season, the Ukrainian First League consists of the following teams:
## Final table {#final_table}
{{#invoke:sports table\|main\|style=WDL \|res_col_header=PR
\|team1=V1L\|name_V1L=Volyn-1 Lutsk \|team2=COD\|name_COD=Chornomorets Odesa \|team3=OKY\|name_OKY=Obolon Kyiv \|team4=PZH\|name_PZH=Polissia Zhytomyr \|team5=SIF\|name_SIF=Prykarpattia Ivano-Frankivsk \|team6=SAL\|name_SAL=Stal Alchevsk \|team7=NAF\|name_NAF=Naftovyk Okhtyrka \|team8=DK2\|name_DK2=Dynamo-2 Kyiv \|team9=ZKI\|name_ZKI=Zirka Kirovohrad \|team10=MYK\|name_MYK=SC Mykolaiv \|team11=S2D\|name_S2D=Shakhtar-2 Donetsk \|team12=K2L\|name_K2L=Karpaty-2 Lviv \|team13=BBO\|name_BBO=Borysfen Boryspil \|team14=CSCA\|name_CSCA=CSKA Kyiv \|team15=VIN\|name_VIN=Nyva Vinnytsia \|team16=ENN\|name_ENN=Elektrometalurh-NZF Nikopil \|team17=D2D\|name_D2D=Dnipro-2 Dniproperivsk \|team18=NTE\|name_NTE=Nyva Ternopil \|win_V1L=25\|draw_V1L=3\|loss_V1L=6\|gf_V1L=56\|ga_V1L=24\|status_V1L=C,P \|win_COD=21\|draw_COD=4\|loss_COD=9\|gf_COD=48\|ga_COD=21\|status_COD=P \|win_OKY=18\|draw_OKY=8\|loss_OKY=8\|gf_OKY=49\|ga_OKY=26\|status_OKY=P \|win_PZH=16\|draw_PZH=10\|loss_PZH=8\|gf_PZH=41\|ga_PZH=32 \|win_SIF=15\|draw_SIF=8\|loss_SIF=11\|gf_SIF=41\|ga_SIF=27 \|win_SAL=14\|draw_SAL=8\|loss_SAL=12\|gf_SAL=42\|ga_SAL=34 \|win_NAF=13\|draw_NAF=10\|loss_NAF=11\|gf_NAF=35\|ga_NAF=32 \|win_DK2=11\|draw_DK2=14\|loss_DK2=9\|gf_DK2=42\|ga_DK2=32 \|win_ZKI=11\|draw_ZKI=13\|loss_ZKI=10\|gf_ZKI=29\|ga_ZKI=28 \|win_MYK=12\|draw_MYK=10\|loss_MYK=12\|gf_MYK=37\|ga_MYK=44 \|win_S2D=13\|draw_S2D=7\|loss_S2D=14\|gf_S2D=50\|ga_S2D=46 \|win_K2L=12\|draw_K2L=6\|loss_K2L=16\|gf_K2L=41\|ga_K2L=52 \|win_BBO=10\|draw_BBO=10\|loss_BBO=14\|gf_BBO=43\|ga_BBO=45 \|win_CSCA=10\|draw_CSCA=9\|loss_CSCA=15\|gf_CSCA=32\|ga_CSCA=39 \|win_VIN=10\|draw_VIN=8\|loss_VIN=16\|gf_VIN=35\|ga_VIN=52 \|win_ENN=10\|draw_ENN=7\|loss_ENN=17\|gf_ENN=30\|ga_ENN=41\|status_ENN=R \|win_D2D=8\|draw_D2D=7\|loss_D2D=19\|gf_D2D=29\|ga_D2D=48\|status_D2D=R \|win_NTE=3\|draw_NTE=4\|loss_NTE=27\|gf_NTE=20\|ga_NTE=77\|status_NTE=R \|hth_BBO=The result of the 25th round match Borysfen Boryspil - FC Polissya Zhytomyr (1:2) was annulled and replaced with such -:-, with no points added to either team. \|hth_PZH=BBO \|col_P=green1\|text_P=Promoted to Vyshcha Liha \|result1=P\|result2=P\|result3=P \|col_PONEWP=green2\|text_PONEWP=Qualification for promotion play-off \|result4=PONEWP \|col_R=red1\|text_R=Relegated to Second League \|result16=R\|result17=R\|result18=R \|update=complete\|source= }}
+-----------------------------+
| Persha Liha 2001-02 Winners |
+=============================+
| FC Volyn Lutsk\ |
| First title |
+-----------------------------+
## Promotion play-off {#promotion_play_off}
*FC Polissya Zhytomyr failed to obtain a berth in the 2002--03 Vyshcha Liha.*
## Top scorers {#top_scorers}
Statistics are taken from here.
Scorer Goals (Pen
| 355 |
2001–02 Ukrainian First League
| 0 |
11,061,491 |
# 2006 UCI Road World Championships
The **2006 UCI Road World Championships** took place in Salzburg, Austria, between September 19 and September 24, 2006. The event consisted of a road race and a time trial for men, women and men under 23.
The Men\'s road race saw Italian Olympic champion Paolo Bettini triumph, while Swiss Fabian Cancellara won his first time trial world title.
The women\'s road race title was won by Marianne Vos, in her first year of racing at senior level.
## Participating nations {#participating_nations}
A total of 574 cyclists from 54 national federations participated. The number of cyclists per nation that competed is shown in parentheses
| 109 |
2006 UCI Road World Championships
| 0 |
11,061,500 |
# Alan Martello
**Alan Martello** (born 14 September 1952) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Hawthorn Football Club and Richmond Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Martello was Hawthorn\'s regular centre half-forward for much of the 1970s and a prodigious kicker of the football, Martello was the youngest man ever to reach 200 games. Martello left Hawthorn in 1980 after a bitter dispute and played in a losing Grand Final for Richmond in 1982.
Following his playing career he had a long broadcasting career with 3AW as a commentator on the station\'s AFL coverage
| 100 |
Alan Martello
| 0 |
11,061,511 |
# Stenopsychidae
The **Stenopsychidae** are a family of medium to large caddisflies, some of which are noted for their black and gold wing patterns. The family contains three genera and some 70 species, which can be found in the Ethiopian, Palaearctic, Oriental, and Australian regions
| 45 |
Stenopsychidae
| 0 |
11,061,520 |
# Delta-S
**Delta-S** is a Christian industrial/progressive trance band formed in Camarillo, California, United States in 1995. Band members currently include Lyte, who writes and produces a bulk of the work, and Lucien, who tests the material\'s emotional value and authenticity.
## History
Delta-S was initially formed in 1995 by artists Moe and Lyte, under the name Entropy. Later that year, the band changed their name to Delta-S. The name refers to a change in entropy (Delta So), and conceptually refers to the band\'s attempts at speeding up, slowing down, or stopping the process of entropy in the listener. In 1996, Jim Prosser joined the band. Work began on the production of their first album, including some collaboration with the band Calcutta and artists Duke and Joshua Vosper. The album was never released, and Delta-S disbanded in 1998.
After disbanding, Lyte continued the project as a solo effort. In 1999, production for the second Delta-S album, *And Sometimes\...*, began. This album was also unreleased. In 2000, the band adopted a new member, Lucien, and work started on a third album, *Chasm*. This was released as the band\'s debut album in March 2005, under a created record label entitled WindM Records, titled *Chasm (Volume 0)*. The album was later re-released as *Chasm (Volume 1)* in May that year.
The band released a second album, *Voyage to Isis*, in December 2007. The album featured several guest vocalists including Kirsty Hawkshaw and Sheri Shaw of Deitiphobia.
The band\'s third album, *The Mortal Veil*, was released on October 31, 2015. This was followed by the extended plays *Lost in You*, featuring Jennifer Lauren (Emoiryah) and released on October 31, 2017, and *Coven*, released on December 22, 2017.
## Band members {#band_members}
- Brian \"Lyte\" Judy -- vocals, keys, guitar
- Robert \"Lucien\" Morris -- guitar, vocals
- Colleen Kelly -- vocals
- DJ Amanda Jones -- vocals
- Nicki Tedesco -- bass, upright bass, vocals, guitar
- Tony Bandos -- drums
### Former members {#former_members}
- Michael \"Moe\" Masingale
- Jim Prosser
### Collaborators
- Kirsty Hawkshaw
- Christina Novelli
- Pamela Vain
- DJ Type 41
- Lauren Edman
- Sheri Shaw
- Nikki Williams
- Michelle Averna
- Ever
- Anguidara
- Tranquil Chaos
- David Pataconi
- Emoiryah
- LAKE
## Discography
- *Chasm* (2005, WindM Records)
- *Voyage to Isis* (2007, WindM Records)
- *The Mortal Veil* (2015, WindM Records)
- *Lost in You* (2017, WindM Records)
- *Mirror Dimension Series Vol. 1: Coven* (2017, WindM Records)
### Compilation appearances {#compilation_appearances}
- *Automata 9.0* (2006, Flaming Fish) -- \"Rage Into Blindness\"
- *Automata 10
| 434 |
Delta-S
| 0 |
11,061,534 |
# Ivchenko AI-14
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}}{{Infobox Aircraft Engine
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``
| 19 |
Ivchenko AI-14
| 0 |
11,061,561 |
# 1998 Fed Cup
{{ Infobox tennis circuit season \| name = 1998 Fed Cup \| image = \| image_caption = \| duration = 18 April -- 20 September \| edition = 36th \| previous = 1997 \| next = 1999 }}
The **1998 Fed Cup** was the 36th edition of the most important competition between national teams in women\'s tennis. In the final, Spain defeated Switzerland at Palexpo Hall in Geneva, Switzerland on 19--20 September, giving Spain its fifth title.
## World Group {#world_group}
**Participating Teams**
-------------------------
### Draw
## World Group play-offs {#world_group_play_offs}
The four losing teams in the World Group first round ties (Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany and Netherlands), and four winners of the World Group II ties (Croatia, Italy, Russia and Slovakia) entered the draw for the World Group play-offs.
Date: 25--26 July
Venue Surface Home team Score Visiting team
---------------------- ------------- ------------------------------- ------- -------------------------------
Bratislava, Slovakia **`{{fed|SVK}}`{=mediawiki}** 4--1
Moscow, Russia Indoor hard **`{{fed|RUS}}`{=mediawiki}** 4--1
Bol, Croatia **`{{fed|CRO}}`{=mediawiki}** 3--2
1--4 **`{{fed|ITA}}`{=mediawiki}**
## World Group II {#world_group_ii}
The World Group II was the second highest level of Fed Cup competition in 1998. Winners advanced to the World Group play-offs, and losers played in the World Group II play-offs.
Date: 18--19 April
Venue Surface Home team Score Visiting team
-------------------- --------------- ------------------------------- ------- -------------------------------
Foligno, Italy Indoor carpet **`{{fed|ITA}}`{=mediawiki}** 3--2
Perth, Australia 2--3 **`{{fed|RUS}}`{=mediawiki}**
Dubrovnik, Croatia Outdoor clay **`{{fed|CRO}}`{=mediawiki}** 4--1
Outdoor clay 1--4
## World Group II play-offs {#world_group_ii_play_offs}
The four losing teams from World Group II (Argentina, Australia, Austria and Japan) played off against qualifiers from Zonal Group I. Two teams qualified from Europe/Africa Zone (Belarus and Poland), one team from the Asia/Oceania Zone (South Korea), and one team from the Americas Zone (Venezuela).
Date: 12--13 July
Venue Surface Home team Score Visiting team
---------------- -------------- ------------------------------- ------- -------------------------------
**`{{fed|AUS}}`{=mediawiki}** 5--0
**`{{fed|AUT}}`{=mediawiki}** 5--0
Outdoor clay 1--4 **`{{fed|JPN}}`{=mediawiki}**
Minsk, Belarus Indoor hard **`{{fed|BLR}}`{=mediawiki}** 4--1
## Americas Zone {#americas_zone}
- Nations in **bold** advanced to the higher level of competition.
- Nations in *italics* were relegated down to a lower level of competition.
### Group I {#group_i}
Venue: Tennis Academy, Brasília, Brazil (outdoor clay)
Dates: 14--17 April
Participating Teams
-
-
-
-
-
-
- *`{{fed|PER}}`{=mediawiki}*
- *`{{fed|URU}}`{=mediawiki}*
- **`{{fed|VEN|1930}}`{=mediawiki}**
### Group II {#group_ii}
Venue: Chipinque Racquet Club, Monterrey, Mexico (outdoor clay)
Dates: 27 April -- 3 May
Participating Teams
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- **`{{fed|MEX}}`{=mediawiki}**
-
- **`{{fed|PUR}}`{=mediawiki}**
-
## Asia/Oceania Zone {#asiaoceania_zone}
- Nations in **bold** advanced to the higher level of competition.
- Nations in *italics* were relegated down to a lower level of competition.
### Group I {#group_i_1}
Venue: Thana City Golf Club, Samutpakarn, Thailand (outdoor hard)
Dates: 16--20 February
Participating Teams
-
-
-
-
-
- *`{{fed|PHI}}`{=mediawiki}*
- **`{{fed|KOR}}`{=mediawiki}**
-
-
### Group II {#group_ii_1}
Venue: Thana City Golf Club, Samutpakarn, Thailand (outdoor hard)
Dates: 16--20 February
Participating Teams
- **`{{fed|IND}}`{=mediawiki}**
-
-
-
- **Pacific Oceania**
-
-
-
-
## Europe/Africa Zone {#europeafrica_zone}
- Nations in **bold** advanced to the higher level of competition.
- Nations in *italics* were relegated down to a lower level of competition
| 525 |
1998 Fed Cup
| 0 |
11,061,582 |
# Ken Fletcher (Australian footballer)
**Ken Fletcher** (born 21 January 1948) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Essendon Bombers. He is the father of Dustin Fletcher, who was drafted into the club through the father--son rule.
A former Essendon High School student who grew up in East Keilor, Victoria, Fletcher had two footballers as neighbours: Ken Peucker (played with Essendon) and Ted Flemming, a WA Sandover Medal winner (1930). Ken and his older brother practised football skills daily in a nearby paddock as teenagers. Fletcher was a versatile footballer and played in many positions during his 264-game career for the Bombers. He excelled as a wingman and half-back flanker.
He won the club\'s best and fairest award in 1978 and represented Victoria throughout the 1970s. A broken leg forced him to retire in 1980, and he left the club as their fourth-most-experienced player in Essendon\'s history (ranked 11th as of 2024). He did, however, continue playing in country football as captain-coach of Tatura.
In Round 7 of 2014, Ken and his son Dustin claimed the record of most VFL/AFL games played by a father--son combination, with 648 games between them. Their record was finalised at 664 total games upon Dustin\'s retirement in 2015, aged 40, who is one of only five players in the history of the VFL/AFL to accomplish the 400-game milestone
| 227 |
Ken Fletcher (Australian footballer)
| 0 |
11,061,649 |
# 2007 Dodge Avenger 500
The **2007 Dodge Avenger 500**, the 58th running of the race, was the eleventh race of the 2007 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series, held at Darlington Raceway in Darlington, South Carolina, a suburb of Florence.
The race was postponed by rain, and was run the following afternoon, May 13 (Mother\'s Day in the US), the second race in two weeks to be rained out. Coincidentally, the first running of this event in 1957 was postponed by rain and delayed a day later to May 12, exactly 50 years to the originally scheduled date of this race. Originally the third night race on the schedule, this also served as the fifth race to use the Car of Tomorrow template.
Chevrolet continued to dominate the NASCAR Cup Series like it did during the 1990s and through most of the 2000s. Michael Waltrip continued to have a negative number of points in this race due to his major penalty that was not mitigated until late into the 2007 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series season. Spanish-speaking NASCAR fans started to notice Jeff Gordon\'s dominance in this NASCAR event, making him a close second favorite to Juan Pablo Montoya.
## Last chance for the All-Star Challenge {#last_chance_for_the_all_star_challenge}
The race served as the final chance for teams and drivers who have not qualified for the Nextel All-Star Challenge to automatically enter that race by winning on the 1.366 mile egg-shaped oval known as \"The Lady in Black\" and \"The Track Too Tough To Tame\". If not, they would have to race in the NEXTEL Open race, as either one of the top two drivers or chosen in a fan vote.
## Abrasive surface {#abrasive_surface}
The Darlington asphalt has been known to be one of the most abrasive in NASCAR, as the sandpaper-like surface shreds tires limiting their run on the track. This situation was rectified later in 2007 when the entire track was resurfaced. As a result, pit row became a concrete surface.
| 330 |
2007 Dodge Avenger 500
| 0 |
11,061,649 |
# 2007 Dodge Avenger 500
## Qualifying
Clint Bowyer won the pole position, the first career pole in the Cup series for the driver of the #07 Chevrolet Impala. Greg Biffle, who had won the two previous Darlington races, sat on the outside of Bowyer. Michael Waltrip missed his 10th straight race, while Ken Schrader returned to the field after sitting out the two previous weeks.
Pos Car \# Driver Make Speed Time Behind
------------------- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------- -------- --------
1 07 Clint Bowyer Chevrolet 164.987 29.806 0.000
2 16 Greg Biffle Ford 164.876 29.826 -0.020
3 26 Jamie McMurray Ford 164.430 29.907 -0.101
4 99 Carl Edwards Ford 164.314 29.928 -0.122
5 9 Kasey Kahne Dodge 164.073 29.972 -0.166
6 78 Kenny Wallace Chevrolet 163.876 30.008 -0.202
7 11 Denny Hamlin Chevrolet 163.838 30.015 -0.209
8 21 Ken Schrader Ford 163.723 30.036 -0.230
9 29 Kevin Harvick Chevrolet 163.713 30.038 -0.232
10 24 Jeff Gordon Chevrolet 163.680 30.044 -0.238
11 25 Casey Mears Chevrolet 163.299 30.114 -0.308
12 48 Jimmie Johnson Chevrolet 163.289 30.116 -0.310
13 43 Bobby Labonte Dodge 163.186 30.135 -0.329
14 00 David Reutimann Toyota 163.175 30.137 -0.331
15 83 Brian Vickers Toyota 163.153 30.141 -0.335
16 41 Reed Sorenson Dodge 163.105 30.150 -0.344
17 19 Elliott Sadler Dodge 163.045 30.161 -0.355
18 2 Kurt Busch Dodge 163.002 30.169 -0.363
19 70 Johnny Sauter Chevrolet 162.948 30.179 -0.373
20 84 A. J. Allmendinger Toyota 162.915 30.185 -0.379
21 8 Dale Earnhardt Jr. Chevrolet 162.807 30.205 -0.399
22 18 J. J. Yeley Chevrolet 162.791 30.208 -0.402
23 15 Paul Menard Chevrolet 162.786 30.209 -0.403
24 6 David Ragan Ford 162.630 30.238 -0.432
25 1 Martin Truex Jr. Chevrolet 162.619 30.240 -0.434
26 20 Tony Stewart Chevrolet 162.555 30.252 -0.446
27 22 Dave Blaney Toyota 162.452 30.271 -0.465
28 14 Sterling Marlin Chevrolet 162.356 30.289 -0.483
29 12 Ryan Newman Dodge 162.276 30.304 -0.498
30 40 David Stremme Dodge 162.260 30.307 -0.501
31 17 Matt Kenseth Ford 161.934 30.368 -0.562
32 96 Tony Raines Chevrolet 161.864 30.381 -0.575
33 7 Robby Gordon Ford 161.742 30.404 -0.598
34 31 Jeff Burton Chevrolet 161.545 30.441 -0.635
35 13 Joe Nemechek Chevrolet 161.503 30.449 -0.643
36 5 Kyle Busch Chevrolet 161.328 30.482 -0.676
37 01 Mark Martin Chevrolet 161.317 30.484 -0.678
38 38 David Gilliland Ford 161.006 30.543 -0.737
39 66 Jeff Green Chevrolet 160.869 30.569 -0.763
40 88 Ricky Rudd Ford 160.381 30.662 -0.856
41 42 Juan Montoya Dodge 160.057 30.724 -0.918
42 45 Kyle Petty Dodge 159.548 30.822 -1.016
43 37 Kevin Lepage Dodge 162.329 30.294 -0.488
Failed to qualify
44 36 Jeremy Mayfield Toyota 30.301
45 4 Ward Burton Chevrolet 30.359
46 49 Mike Bliss Dodge 30.370
47 55 Michael Waltrip Toyota 30.446
48 44 Dale Jarrett Toyota 30.480
49 10 Scott Riggs Dodge 30.529
| 468 |
2007 Dodge Avenger 500
| 1 |
11,061,649 |
# 2007 Dodge Avenger 500
## Race recap {#race_recap}
Jeff Gordon overcame a radiator problem to win the Dodge Avenger 500. The win was his third in the last four races, his sixth win in the Southern 500, and his 78th overall career. Because of the failure, his car emitted steam for the last 50 laps or so of the race. The race was arguably decided most in the pits. Gordon\'s crew chief, Steve Letarte, kept the #24 Chevy on the track during what would be the final caution of the race, while all other leaders came in for service. Meanwhile, Denny Hamlin was in position for a weekend sweep (he had won on Friday night in the Busch Series Diamond Hill Plywood 200), but a failure to apply lug nuts correctly on the first attempt led to a long pit stop, after which he never regained the lead. Hamlin still led the most laps on this day and finished second.
The remaining top drivers were in this order: Jimmie Johnson, Ryan Newman, Carl Edwards, Tony Stewart, Matt Kenseth, Dale Earnhardt Jr., Bowyer, and Jeff Burton.
After this race, Gordon led Jimmie Johnson by 231 points for the lead. Earnhardt Jr. led Jamie McMurray by 46 points for the 12th and final position in the Chase for the NEXTEL Cup. However, because of illegal bolts supporting the wing that was discovered in a pre-race inspection, Earnhardt was docked 100 driver points, the team lost 100 owner points and slapped with a \$100,000 (US) fine and crew chief Tony Eury, Sr. was suspended until July 4. Because of the penalties, McMurray was elevated to the final Chase position as a result.
### Race results {#race_results}
(**\***) denotes Rookie of the Year candidate.
Fin St Driver Car \# Make Points Bonus Laps Winnings
----- ---- ----------------------- -------- ----------- -------- ------- ------ -----------
1 10 Jeff Gordon 24 Chevrolet 190 5 367 \$323,286
2 7 Denny Hamlin 11 Chevrolet 180 10 367 \$211,550
3 12 Jimmie Johnson 48 Chevrolet 170 5 367 \$197,761
4 29 Ryan Newman 12 Dodge 165 5 367 \$159,875
5 4 Carl Edwards 99 Ford 160 5 367 \$125,475
6 26 Tony Stewart 20 Chevrolet 150 367 \$145,961
7 31 Matt Kenseth 17 Ford 151 5 367 \$143,516
8 21 Dale Earnhardt Jr. 8 Chevrolet 142 367 \$133,033
9 1 Clint Bowyer 07 Chevrolet 143 5 367 \$114,575
10 34 Jeff Burton 31 Chevrolet 134 367 \$127,541
11 25 Martin Truex Jr. 1 Chevrolet 130 367 \$112,320
12 18 Kurt Busch 2 Dodge 127 367 \$119,108
13 28 Sterling Marlin 14 Chevrolet 124 367 \$104,433
14 37 Mark Martin 01 Chevrolet 121 367 \$108,308
15 2 Greg Biffle 16 Ford 118 367 \$97,700
16 3 Jamie McMurray 26 Ford 115 367 \$89,850
17 9 Kevin Harvick 29 Chevrolet 112 367 \$125,886
18 22 J. J. Yeley 18 Chevrolet 109 367 \$108,183
19 13 Bobby Labonte 43 Dodge 106 367 \$117,036
20 5 Kasey Kahne 9 Dodge 103 367 \$124,616
21 17 Elliott Sadler 19 Dodge 105 5 367 \$96,370
22 39 Jeff Green 66 Chevrolet 97 365 \$100,008
23 41 Juan Montoya \* 42 Dodge 94 365 \$113,575
24 6 Kenny Wallace 78 Chevrolet 91 365 \$75,775
25 42 Kyle Petty 45 Dodge 88 364 \$87,233
26 40 Ricky Rudd 88 Ford 85 364 \$105,333
27 24 David Ragan \* 6 Ford 82 363 \$109,425
28 35 Joe Nemechek 13 Chevrolet 79 363 \$69,950
29 19 Johnny Sauter 70 Chevrolet 76 361 \$69,750
30 38 David Gilliland 38 Ford 73 361 \$100,289
31 23 Paul Menard \* 15 Chevrolet 70 358 \$69,325
32 27 Dave Blaney 22 Toyota 72 5 355 \$89,197
33 14 David Reutimann \* 00 Toyota 64 351 \$69,925
34 30 David Stremme 40 Dodge 61 349 \$68,850
35 11 Casey Mears 25 Chevrolet 58 345 \$76,600
36 20 A. J
| 645 |
2007 Dodge Avenger 500
| 2 |
11,061,652 |
# Abbott's Frozen Custard
**Abbott\'s Frozen Custard** is a frozen custard franchise founded and based in Rochester, New York. The franchise has stores throughout New York state, and has expanded to other states including Florida, Louisiana, Massachusetts, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia.
## Overview
Abbott\'s Frozen Custard was founded in 1902 by Arthur Abbott, who would travel with small carnivals along the eastern seaboard. In 1926, he settled in Rochester. He opened up shop at the corner of Lake and Beach Avenues, across the street from Ontario Beach Park, which at the time was an amusement park that drew crowds of people from all over the state.
Abbott next opened up several shops in the Playland at Rye Beach. The revenue from the stores allowed him to support his interest in horse racing, and in 1952 his horse Blue Man won the Preakness Stakes, earning him \$86,135.
In 1957, Abbott was in his 70s and decided to sell the business to Leonard and Thelma Schreiber, they became the new owners of Abbott\'s Frozen Custard and started franchising Abbott\'s locations. The first franchise was opened on Ridge Road in Rochester in 1977. Other franchises would follow, along with other additions that contributed to the business. In 1981, Thelma Schreiber unveiled the \"Turtle\" dessert, a novelty item of chocolate-covered custard on a stick. In 2006 the Krispy Kreme doughnut chain added Abbott\'s custard to its product line at some stores in south Florida. A Japanese operator opened Abbott\'s outlets in Japan starting in 1999. Gail Drew, the daughter of Leonard and Thelma Schreiber, is the current company president
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# Destruction of Psara
The **Destruction of Psara** (in *Καταστροφή των Ψαρών*, `{{Transliteration|el|Katastrofí ton Psarón}}`{=mediawiki}) was the killing of thousands of Greeks on the island of Psara by Ottoman troops during the Greek War of Independence in 1824.
## Background
By the beginning of the 19th century, Psara had the third largest trade fleet in Greece after Hydra and Spetses, numbering some 45 ships.
In March 1821, the Greek population revolted against the Ottoman Empire. The inhabitants of Psara joined the struggle on 10 April 1821. Future Prime Minister Konstantinos Kanaris, Dimitrios Papanikolis, Pipinos and Nikolis Apostolis distinguished themselves as naval leaders, using fire ships to combat the more powerful Ottoman Navy.
In April 1822, Turkish forces under the command of Nasuhzade Ali Pasha, Kapudan Pasha of the Ottoman fleet massacred the inhabitants of Chios. `{{formatnum:30000}}`{=mediawiki} Greeks were killed and `{{formatnum:50000}}`{=mediawiki} were sold as slaves in Smyrna and Constantinople. Psara\'s native population of 7,500 people was augmented by `{{formatnum:23000}}`{=mediawiki} Greek refugees from Chios, but also from Thessaly, Macedonia, Moschonisia and Kydonies.
On the night of 6--7 June 1822, the Greeks responded by destroying the flagship of Nasuhzade Ali Pasha in revenge for the Chios massacre, killing `{{formatnum:2300}}`{=mediawiki} Turks, as well as the Kapudan Pasha himself.
## Massacre
On 20 June 1824, the island was invaded by the Ottomans under the command of Kapudan Pasha Koca Hüsrev Mehmed. The resistance of the Psariots ended the next day with a last stand at the town\'s old fort of Palaiokastro (alternative name *Mavri Rachi*, literally \"Black Ridge\"). Hundreds of soldiers and also women and children had taken refuge there when an Ottoman force of `{{formatnum:2000}}`{=mediawiki} stormed the fort. The refugees first threw a white flag with the words \"Freedom or Death\" (Greek: \"Ἐλευθερία ἤ Θάνατος\"). Then, the moment the Turks entered the fort, the local Antonios Vratsanos lit a fuse to the gunpowder stock, in an explosion that killed the town\'s inhabitants along with their enemies --- thus remaining faithful to their flag up to their death. A French officer who heard and saw the explosion compared it to a volcanic eruption of Mount Vesuvius.
As a result of the invasion, `{{formatnum:17000}}`{=mediawiki} Greeks were killed or sold as slaves. Part of the population managed to flee the island, scattered through what is now Southern Greece. Theophilos Kairis, a priest and scholar, took on many of the orphaned children and developed the famous school the Orphanotropheio of Theophilos Kairis. Psara was deserted and remained in the hands of the Ottomans until it was recaptured by the Greek navy on 21 October 1912 during the First Balkan War. The population of Psara before the massacre was about `{{formatnum:7000}}`{=mediawiki}. Since the massacre, the population of the island never rose over `{{formatnum:1000}}`{=mediawiki} inhabitants.
## Reaction and commemoration {#reaction_and_commemoration}
The destruction of Psara by the Ottomans was conducted in retaliation for the destruction of Turkish ships by revolutionaries Konstantinos Kanaris and Dimitrios Papanikolis. It inspired poet Andreas Kalvos to write the ode \"To Psara\" (Greek: \"Εἰς Ψαρά\").
The event also inspired poet Dionysios Solomos, author of \"Hymn to Liberty\", to write a poem (or epigram) titled \"The Destruction of Psara\" (Greek: \"Ἡ καταστροφὴ τῶν Ψαρῶν\") in 1825:
*Στῶν Ψαρῶν τὴν ὁλόμαυρη ράχη*\
*Περπατῶντας ἡ Δόξα μονάχη.*\
*Μελετᾷ τὰ λαμπρὰ παλληκάρια,*\
*Καὶ \'ς τὴν κόμη στεφάνι φορεῖ*\
*Γινομένο ἀπὸ λίγα χορτάρια*\
*Ποῦ εἰχαν μείνῃ \'ς τὴν ἔρημη γῆ.*\
\
Διονύσιος Σολωμός\
*Ἡ καταστροφὴ τῶν Ψαρῶν* `{{Column}}`{=mediawiki} *On the all-black ridge of Psara*\
*Glory walks by herself taking in*\
*the bright young men on the war field*\
*the crown of her hair wound*\
*from the last few grasses left*\
*on the desolate earth
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# Mathurin Nago
**Mathurin Coffi Nago** is a Beninese politician who was President of the National Assembly of Benin from 2007 to 2015. Previously he was Minister of Higher Education and Vocational Training from 2006 to 2007.
## Political career {#political_career}
As a candidate of the Union for Democracy and National Solidarity, Nago was elected to the National Assembly in the 1995 parliamentary election. He served in the National Assembly until the end of the parliamentary term in 1999, and during that period he was a member of the National Assembly\'s Commission of Planning, Equipment and Production. He has also been Dean of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of Benin. He became Minister of Higher Education and Vocational Training in April 2006 as part of President Yayi Boni\'s first government. He participated in the Cauris Forces for an Emerging Benin (FCBE), which supported Boni, in the March 2007 parliamentary election, and was elected to a seat in the National Assembly. Afterwards, he was elected as President of the National Assembly on 3 May 2007; he received 45 votes against 34 for Bruno Amoussou. Nago had one month to choose between his position as a minister and his National Assembly seat, and on 22 May Nago resigned from the government, along with four other ministers who had been elected to the National Assembly, as they had been instructed to do by Boni.
Nago was elected as President of the Union for Progress and Democracy (UPD-Gamesu) at its first ordinary congress on 18 August 2007.
Re-elected to the National Assembly in the March 2011 parliamentary election as a candidate of the FCBE, Nago was then re-elected as President of the National Assembly on 21 May 2011. There were 60 votes in favor of his candidacy, two against, and two abstentions.
Amidst a dispute over a potential change to the constitution, Nago quit the FCBE in February 2015, and on 14 March 2015 he launched a new alliance of parties, the United Democratic Forces (FDU), which intended to participate in the April 2015 parliamentary election. In the election, Nago was re-elected to the National Assembly as an FDU candidate in the 18th constituency. When the National Assembly began meeting for its new term, opposition leader Adrien Houngbédji was elected as President of the National Assembly on the night of 19--20 May 2015, and he took office on 22 May, succeeding Nago
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# Liam Tuohy (footballer)
**Liam Tuohy** (27 April 1933 -- 13 August 2016) was an Irish footballer and manager. During the 1950s and 1960s, Tuohy played as an outside left for Shamrock Rovers, Newcastle United, and the Republic of Ireland. In 1959, while playing for Ireland, Tuohy scored the first ever goal in the history of the European Championship. After retiring as a player, Tuohy became a coach and managed several clubs in the League of Ireland including Shamrock Rovers, Dundalk, and Shelbourne.
He also managed the Republic of Ireland. In July 1973, he also took charge of the Shamrock Rovers XI that played Brazil in a prestige friendly, and during the 1980s, he successfully coached the Republic of Ireland U-19s. He subsequently served as a director of football at Home Farm, before retiring in 2002. Tribute was paid in October 2007 to members of the Shamrock Rovers team members that won the FAI Cup six consecutive seasons during the 1960s, by the FAI.
## Early years {#early_years}
Tuohy was born in East Wall, a working class area on Northside Dublin. He was the second youngest in a family of six boys. His father, Gerry, died when he was young, leaving him and his five brothers to be raised by his mother, Sadie. Tuohy played in goal at hurling for his school, St. Joseph\'s, and began playing soccer for St. Mary\'s, East Wall. After leaving school, Tuohy initially worked as a wheel builder for Royal Enfield, delivered groceries and assembled prams.
## Club career {#club_career}
### Shamrock Rovers {#shamrock_rovers}
In August 1951, after impressing the Rovers mentors in a FAI Youth Cup game for St Mary\'s, Tuohy was signed by Shamrock Rovers. Despite finishing top scorer after a season with the under 21s and another as top scorer with the second team, he didn\'t make his League of Ireland until 7 March 1954 at Glenmalure Park.
Tuohy had made such an impact that just six months later he was selected on the League of Ireland XI to play The Football League XI. As a 21-year-old, Tuohy attracted the interest of both West Bromwich Albion and Aston Villa, but he opted to remain with Rovers. Under player-manager Paddy Coad, he subsequently became a prominent member of the successful Rovers team nicknamed *Coad\'s Colts*. During this era, Rovers won the League of Ireland title three times and the FAI Cup twice. They also made their debut in European competition, and in 1959 Tuohy scored the first of four goals for Rovers at this level, when he scored their second goal in 3--2 away defeat against Nice in the European Cup.
On 3 May 1960, a testimonial against Newcastle United was held for both Tuohy and Liam Hennessy. Having given a good account of himself, Charlie Mitten signed him.
### Newcastle United {#newcastle_united}
By 1960, Tuohy, now aged 27, had met and married his wife Sheila and had fathered three children. He had played part-time for Rovers for nine years and was now working for Guinness at St. James\'s Gate Brewery. It was at this stage that he accepted an offer from Newcastle United in May 1960, to play full-time in the English League. He made his debut on 8 August 1960, and during three years with the club, he made 42 total appearances and scored 9 goals.
## International career {#international_career}
Between 1955 and 1965, Tuohy made 8 appearances and scored 4 goals for the Republic of Ireland. He made his debut on 10 October 1955, while at Shamrock Rovers, in a 4--1 defeat in a friendly against Yugoslavia. The match was controversial because Yugoslavia was a communist state and the Archbishop of Dublin, John Charles McQuaid, boycotted it in protest against the persecution of Catholic officials under Marshal Tito\'s regime. Tuohy won his next two caps while playing for Newcastle United.
On 5 April 1959, Tuohy scored his first goal for Ireland, the opening goal in a 2--0 win against Czechoslovakia at Dalymount Park. This match was a \"preliminary round\" qualifier for the inaugural European Nations\' Cup, and so was the Republic of Ireland\'s first ever game in the competition. It has been reported many times since that Tuohy\'s goal was the first ever to be scored in a European nations\' championship; however, a goal by Anatoli Ilyin in a September 1958 first round match for the USSR against Hungary predates Tuohy\'s strike.
Tuohy\'s remaining three international goals were all scored in 1962. His second goal for Ireland came in a 3--2 defeat in a friendly against Austria. He then scored in both games against Iceland during the qualifiers for the 1964 European Nations\' Cup. Tuohy played his last game for Ireland on 24 March 1965, in a friendly against Belgium.
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# Liam Tuohy (footballer)
## Coaching career {#coaching_career}
### Shamrock Rovers {#shamrock_rovers_1}
In 1963, Tuohy returned to Shamrock Rovers as a player-coach and helped the club win a League of Ireland/FAI Cup double. In 1964, he was appointed Rovers player-manager and he subsequently guided a team that included, among others, Bobby Gilbert, Johnny Fullam, Pat Dunne, Frank O\'Neill, Mick Leech and Paddy Mulligan to a consecutive run of FAI Cup wins between 1964 and 1969. Tuohy also added to his tally of goals in European competition. In 1963, during a Fairs Cup game against Valencia, he scored in a 2--2 draw. He scored again in 1965, in another Fairs Cup game against Real Zaragoza, which finished 1--1. However the highlight of his European exploits came in 1966, when Rovers came close to knocking the eventual winners Bayern Munich out of the European Cup Winners Cup. After holding Bayern to a 1--1 draw at Dalymount Park, goals from Bobby Gilbert and Tuohy saw Rovers came back from 2--0 down during the away game. Rovers were winning the tie on away goals when a late goal from Gerd Müller saw Bayern win 3--2 on the night and progress to the next round. In total he made 16 appearances scoring 4 goals for Rovers in European competition.
During the summer of 1967, Tuohy also played for and managed Rovers when they competed as Boston Rovers in the United Soccer Association league. In June 1972, he returned to Rovers for a second spell as manager, but resigned on 20 December 1973.
### Dundalk
In 1969, Tuohy was appointed manager of Dundalk, after moving there with his job at HB Ice Cream, and on 16 September they lost 10--0 to Liverpool in the Fairs Cup. During this time at Oriel Park, he was also a club director. Tuohy remained in charge of Dundalk until 1972, guiding them to victory in the Leinster Senior Cup in 1971, and the League of Ireland Shield in 1972.
### Republic of Ireland {#republic_of_ireland}
In 1971, Tuohy was appointed manager of the Republic of Ireland. His first game in charge was on 10 October 1971, a 6--0 defeat away to Austria. The game, a European Championship qualifier, had been arranged for a Sunday, the day after a full league program in England. Forced to field a team of mainly League of Ireland players, Tuohy resolved that this would not happen again. He demanded that all future fixtures be played on a Wednesday and over the following months he travelled to England and began discussions with various team managers to secure the release of his star players for future internationals. On 4 January 1972, in Tuohy\'s second game in charge Ireland beat the visiting West German Olympic XI 3--0. In June 1972, Tuohy took an Ireland squad to Brazil to compete in the Brazilian Independence Cup. While there they played four games, earning respectable wins over Iran and Ecuador.
Tuohy was also in charge of Ireland during the qualifiers for the 1974 FIFA World Cup. Denied the services of Johnny Giles and Paddy Mulligan through injury and Don Givens who was not released by Queens Park Rangers, Ireland were beaten 2--1 by the Soviet Union on 18 October 1972. However a month later on 15 November, Giles returned and inspired Ireland to a 2--1 win over France. On 13 May 1973, a 1--0 defeat to the Soviets effectively ended Ireland\'s chances of qualifying for the World Cup.
On 19 May 1973 in the return game against France, Tuohy took charge of Ireland for the last time. After just eleven games in charge, Tuohy resigned. At the same time as managing Ireland, Tuohy was also managing Shamrock Rovers and was working as an area sales manager for HB Ice Cream. He was now the father of six children and financial pressures forced him to give up the Ireland job which only paid £500 a year.
### Republic of Ireland U-19s {#republic_of_ireland_u_19s}
In 1981, Tuohy returned to international management after 6 years managing Dublin University and took the unpaid position as manager of the Republic of Ireland U-19 team. He was also managing Shelbourne. He appointed Brian Kerr as one of his assistants.
The Republic of Ireland national under-19 football team qualified for the 1982 UEFA European Under-18 Football Championship. They qualified again for the 1983 UEFA European Under-18 Football Championship, where despite remaining unbeaten in a group that included eventual winners France, they were eliminated. During the 1984 UEFA European Under-18 Championships, Tuohy guided a team that included Denis Irwin and Brian Mooney to the semi-finals, where they lost to the Soviet Union. They eventually finished fourth, after losing the third place play-off to Poland and this qualified them for the 1985 FIFA World Youth Championship. This was the best showing of any Irish team in an international competition, until Kerr guided the U-19s to victory in same competition in 1998. In February 1986, Tuohy resigned as the U-19 manager after he felt undermined by Jack Charlton, the new manager of the senior team. During a half-time team talk, Charlton had allegedly taken over and sidelined Tuohy
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# Farman MF.7
The **Maurice Farman MF.7 *Longhorn*** is a French biplane developed before World War I which was used for reconnaissance by both the French and British air services in the early stages of the war before being relegated to service as a trainer.
## Design and development {#design_and_development}
The \"Longhorn\" is a three bay biplane with a forward elevator mounted on upcurved extensions of the landing skids and an empennage carried on four booms consisting of biplane horizontal stabilizers with an elevator attached to the trailing edge of the upper surface and twin rudders. The airframe was constructed using a combination of ash and silver spruce, and many of the members including the outer interplane struts and the outrigger booms carrying the tail surfaces are hollow. It is powered by a Renault air-cooled V8 engine driving a pusher propeller mounted at the back of a fabric-covered nacelle. The propeller is mounted on the engine\'s camshaft, and therefore revolves at half the engine speed. Its name was derived from the distinctive front-mounted elevator and elongated skids.
The design originated with Maurice Farman\'s second aircraft, which was built in 1910. This was 12.75 m long and had upper and lower wings both spanning 11 m. The wings had rounded ends and the outer pair of interplane struts were fabric-covered to form voisin-style side curtains. The undercarriage was also of Voisin pattern, with a pair of mainwheels mounted on trailing arms below the skids. Lateral control was effected by ailerons mounted on the lower wings only. Pitch control was effected solely by a front-mounted elevator, the tail surfaces consisting of biplane fixed stabilizing surfaces and twin rudders. The gap between the wings was 1.5 m (5 ft).
The side curtains were soon removed, and subsequent aircraft, including that flown by Maurice Tabateau to win the 1910 Coupe Michelin, had square-ended wings and modified tail surfaces, with an elevator added to the upper rear stabilizer.
The 1911 Maurice Farman aircraft flown to win the Michelin Puy de Dôme prize had an increased wingspan, the upper wing spanning 16 m (52 ft 6 in) and the lower 14.5 m (47 ft 7 in). Ailerons were mounted on both upper and lower wings. The undercarriage now had two pairs of wheels attached to the skids using elastic cords.
The Maurice Farman is the subject of a detailed technical description in the issue of *Flight* dated 6 July 1912. This describes it as a new type but also notes that in essence, the design was at least two years old. The aircraft described differs from earlier aircraft principally in having a 2 m (6 ft 7 in) gap between the wings.
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# Farman MF.7
## Operational history {#operational_history}
### Early civil flights {#early_civil_flights}
Early versions of the design were used for instruction purposes at Maurice Farman\'s flying school at Buc.
On October 28, 1910 Maurice Tabateau won the *Coupe Michelin* prize by flying 464.72 km in 6 hr 1 min 35 s
On 7 March 1911 Eugène Renaux flew an example to win the Michelin Prize offered for a passenger-carrying flight from Paris to the summit of the Puy de Dôme.
A variant with an extra bay, increasing the span of the upper wing to 20 m, was used by Géo Fourny to set an endurance record of 720 km in 11 hr 29 min 11 s on 2 September 1911. This was one of the two aircraft entered by Maurice Farman for the French military aircraft competition held in November 1911. The second aircraft was of similar span, but was rigged so that it had staggered wings.
### Military use {#military_use}
- The Australian Flying Corps (AFC), provided with the MF.7 by the British Indian Army, operated it during the Mesopotamian campaign of 1915--16.
- Some Maurice Farman 7 were sold to Spain and served with the Servicio de Aeronáutica Military since 1913.
- Four MF.7s were sold to Norway and served with the Norwegian Army Air Service.
- MF.7s were used by the Imperial Japanese forces in the World War I Battle of Tsingtao, with one downed by the German force\'s sole working aircraft. This was the first documented downing of an airplane in battle.
- A Greek example was converted to a hydroplane flown by Michael Moutoussis with Aristeidis Moraitinis as observer and carried out the world\'s first air-naval co-operation mission during the First Balkan War.
## Operators
`{{UK}}`{=mediawiki}
- Royal Flying Corps
- No. 2 Squadron RFC
- No. 3 Squadron RFC
- No. 4 Squadron RFC
- No. 5 Squadron RFC
- No. 6 Squadron RFC
- No. 7 Squadron RFC
- No. 9 Squadron RFC
- No. 15 Squadron RFC
- No. 30 Squadron RFC
- No. 41 Squadron RFC
`{{AUS}}`{=mediawiki}
- Australian Flying Corps
- Central Flying School AFC at Point Cook, Victoria
- Mesopotamian Half Flight
`{{flag|Kingdom of Italy}}`{=mediawiki}
- Corpo Aeronautico Militare
`{{ESP}}`{=mediawiki}
- Spanish Air Force
`{{MEX}}`{=mediawiki}
- Mexican Air Force
`{{FRA}}`{=mediawiki}
- French Air Force
`{{BEL}}`{=mediawiki}
- Belgian Air Force
`{{NOR}}`{=mediawiki}
- Norwegian Army Air Service operated four aircraft until the late 1920s
`{{JPN}}`{=mediawiki}
- Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service
`{{DEN}}`{=mediawiki}
- Royal Danish Air Force
`{{RUS}}`{=mediawiki}
- Imperial Russian Air Service
`{{flag|Greece|royal}}`{=mediawiki}
- Royal Hellenic Navy
- Royal Hellenic Air Force
## Survivors
- Musée de l\'Air et de l\'Espace, Paris
- Norsk Teknisk Museum, Oslo
## Specifications (MF.7) {#specifications_mf
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# Kinnaird, Atholl
**Kinnaird** (*An Ceann Àrd*, \"high headland\") is a village in Atholl, and the Perth and Kinross council area of Scotland. It lies on the Kinnaird Burn, one mile from Pitlochry on the A924 road
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# David McKay (Australian footballer)
**David McKay** (born 5 November 1949) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Carlton Blues during the 1970s.
In 1970, in just his second season of VFL football McKay won a premiership with Carlton and was voted as best on ground in the grand final. Originally from Newlyn, he was also part of winning grand finals in 1972,79 and 1981. The latter was his final game of VFL football and he retired with 263 games and 277 goals for the club
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# Richard Bennett (actor)
**Clarence Charles William Henry Richard Bennett** (May 21, 1870 -- October 22, 1944) was an American actor who became a stage and silent screen actor over the early decades of the 20th century. He was the father of actresses Constance Bennett, Barbara Bennett and Joan Bennett with actress Adrienne Morrison, his second wife.
## Biography
Bennett was born in Deer Creek Township, Cass County, Indiana, in May 1870. Called Clarence until he was 10, he was the eldest child of George Washington Bennett and Eliza Leonora Bennett. His younger sister was Ina Blanche Bennett. For a time, he was a sailor on Great Lakes steamer, a professional boxer, medicine showman, troubadour and night clerk in a hotel in Chicago. Bennett made his stage debut on May 10, 1891, in Chicago, in *The Limited Mail*. He went to New York City, where his Broadway debut was in *His Excellency the Governor* (1899), which was produced by Charles Frohman. In his third Broadway production, he played the role of Father Anselm in Frohman\'s production of *A Royal Family* (1901--02).
Bennett was married to Grena Heller in 1901 in San Francisco. They soon separated and were divorced in 1903. Using her married name, she starred in a few plays on Broadway and went on to a successful career as a music critic for Hearst\'s *New York American*.
On November 8, 1903, Bennett and actress Adrienne Morrison were married in Jersey City. They had three daughters, all notable actresses: Constance Bennett, Barbara Bennett and Joan Bennett.
In 1905, Bennett won fame as the leading man, Hector Malone, Jr., in Shaw\'s *Man and Superman*. That was followed by his successful appearance as Jefferson Ryder in Charles Klein\'s hit play *The Lion and the Mouse* (1905).
A series of spectacular roles followed. In 1908, he played the role of John Shand opposite Maude Adams in J. M. Barrie\'s *What Every Woman Knows*. Frequent quarrels between the stars occurred during the run of the play, and when Adams opened in *Peter Pan*, Bennett telegraphed his congratulations \"on achieving your long ambition to be your own leading man.\"
Bennett is also known for adapting socially conscious works of Eugène Brieux, including *Maternity*.
In 1913, Bennett had a theatrical success starring as Georges Dupont in the stage drama *Damaged Goods*, which he also co-produced. He won a reputation for his curtain harangues, which friends---and critics---said were at least as good as his stage portrayals when he wound up an appearance by stepping in front of the curtain and castigating the police and courts for \"narrow-mindedness\". He developed this penchant until his ab-lib speeches won greater applause than many of the plays in which he acted.
Bennett reprised his stage role for his feature film debut, *Damaged Goods* (1914), which co-starred his wife, Adrienne Morrison. He helped adapt the screenplay and direct the drama. In the drama *The Valley of Decision* (1916), which he wrote, Bennett appeared on the screen with his wife Morrison and his three daughters.
In 1922, Bennett starred in Broadway\'s English-language version of Leonid Andreyev\'s melodrama *He Who Gets Slapped*, playing the title role as He. The success of the play led to a film adaptation by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, with Lon Chaney in Bennett\'s role.
Bennett and Morrison appeared together on stage in the 1923 play *The Dancers*. They were divorced in April 1925.
In 1925, he became acquainted with Aimee Raisch in San Francisco, during the production of *Creoles*, in which she played a minor role. She was a young socialite and aspiring actress who was divorcing her millionaire clubman and polo player husband, Harry G. Hastings.
Bennett and Raisch were married on July 11, 1927, in Chicago.
His daughter Joan made her stage debut acting with Bennett in *Jarnegan* (1928). This play, in which he played Jack Jarnegan, provided one of his favorite roles---that of a belligerent, drunken movie director given to acidulous and profane comments on Hollywood.
He and Raisch separated April 3, 1934, and were divorced in 1937.
With the advent of sound film, the middle-aged Bennett found a niche as a character actor. In 1931 he appeared with his daughter Constance Bennett in *Bought*. He played the dying millionaire John Glidden in the episodic *If I Had a Million* (1932) distributing million dollar checks to characters played by Gary Cooper, George Raft, and Charles Laughton, which also stars W. C. Fields. Bennett is probably best known for his role as Major Amberson in Orson Welles\'s second feature film, *The Magnificent Ambersons* (1942). *Journey into Fear* (1943), Welles\'s next production, was Bennett\'s final film.
Richard Bennett died at age 74 from a heart attack at Good Samaritan Hospital in Los Angeles. Episcopal funeral services were conducted on October 24, 1944, in Beverly Hills. He is interred in Pleasant View Cemetery, Lyme, Connecticut, beside his second wife and mother of his daughters.
Bennett was fond of saying that the movie industry was not a business, but a madhouse.
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# Richard Bennett (actor)
## Select theatre credits {#select_theatre_credits}
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Date | Title | Role | Notes |
+==================================+===============================+==========================+===============================================================================================================================================================================+
| May 10, 1891 | *The Limited Mail* | Tombstone Jake | Standard Theatre, Chicago\ |
| | | | First appearance on the professional stage, beginning in a small role but eventually playing the lead\ |
| | | | Production is on the road for a total of 54 weeks\ |
| | | | New York debut November 16, 1891 at Niblo\'s Garden |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| May 1897 | *A Round of Pleasure* | Harry Spaulding | Knickerbocker Theatre, New York |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| October 4, 1897-- | *The Proper Caper* | Achille | Hoyt\'s Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Produced by Gustave Frohman\ |
| | | | Cast includes Henry Bergman, Amelia Bingham, Alice Fischer |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| November 22, 1897-- | *The White Heather* | Dick Beach | Academy of Music, New York\ |
| | | | Written by Cecil Raleigh and Henry Hamilton, produced by Charles Frohman |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| February 13--March 25, 1899 | *Her Atonement* | Charles Le Roy | Academy of Music, New York\ |
| | | | Produced by Charles Frohman |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| March 29, 1899-- | *At the White Horse Tavern* | Frederick Siedler | Wallack\'s Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Produced by Charles Frohman\ |
| | | | Bennett replaces Joseph Holland |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| May 9, 1899-- | *His Excellency the Governor* | Captain Rivers | Lyceum Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Written by Robert Marshall, produced by Charles Frohman |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| March 26--April 1900 | *Twelve Months Later* | Frederick Siedler | Hoyt\'s Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Sequel to *At the White Horse Tavern* |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| September 5, 1901--February 1902 | *A Royal Family* | Father Anselm | Lyceum Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Written by Robert Marshall, produced by Charles Frohman |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| December 30, 1901--February 1902 | *Sweet and Twenty* | Villain | Hoyt\'s Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Written by Basil Hood, produced by Charles Frohman |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| October 20--November 1902 | *His Excellency the Governor* | Captain Rivers | Garrick Theatre, New York |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| November 17, 1902--January 1903 | *Imprudence* | Jimmy Greaves | Empire Theatre, New York |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| October 19--December 1903 | *The Best of Friends* | The Boer Boy | Academy of Music, New York\ |
| | | | Written by Cecil Raleigh, produced by Charles Frohman\ |
| | | | Cast includes Lionel Barrymore |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| December 29, 1903--May 1904 | *The Other Girl* | Mr. Taylor | Criterion Theatre, Empire Theatre, Lyceum Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Cast includes Lionel Barrymore (Mr. Sheldon), Elsie de Wolfe (Estelle Kitteridge), Frank Worthing (Dr. Clifton Bradford) |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| September 5, 1905-- | *Man and Superman* | Hector Malone, Jr. | Hudson Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Written by George Bernard Shaw, produced by Charles Dillingham\ |
| | | | Cast includes Edward Abeles (Henry Straker), Clara Bloodgood (Violet Robinson), Fay Davis (Anne Whitefield), Alfred Hickman (Octavius Robinson), Robert Loraine (John Tanner) |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| November 20, 1905-- | *The Lion and the Mouse* | Jefferson Ryder | Lyceum Theatre, Grand Opera House, Hudson Theatre, Academy of Music, New York\ |
| | | | Written by Charles Klein, produced by Henry B. Harris\ |
| | | | Cast includes Edmund Breese (John Burkett Ryder) |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| August 30, 1906--February 1907 | *The Hypocrites* | Lennard Wilmore | Hudson Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Written by Henry Arthur Jones, produced by Charles Frohman\ |
| | | | Cast includes Viva Birkett, W. H. Denny, Leslie Faber, Doris Keane, Jessie Millward |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| January 20--March 1908 | *Twenty Days in the Shade* | Henri, Comte de Merville | Savoy Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Produced by Charles Frohman\ |
| | | | Cast includes Pauline Frederick |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| September 5--September 1908 | *Diana of Dobson\'s* | Victor Bretherton | Savoy Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Written by Cicely Hamilton, produced by Charles Frohman |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| December 23, 1908--June 1909 | *What Every Woman Knows* | John Shand | Empire Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Written by J.M. Barrie, produced by Charles Frohman\ |
| | | | Cast includes Maude Adams (Maggie Wylie), David Torrence (David Wylie), Lumsden Hare (Charles Venables) |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| August 11--September 1910 | *The Brass Bottle* | Horace Ventimore | Lyceum Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Written by F. Anstey, produced by Charles Frohman |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| January 9--May 1911 | *The Deep Purple* | William Lake | Lyric Theatre, New York |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| September 14--December 1911 | *Passers-by* | | Criterion Theatre, New York |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| December 25, 1912--May 1913 | *Stop Thief* | Jack Doogan | Gaiety Theatre, New York |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| March 14--May 1913 | *Damaged Goods* | Georges Dupont | Fulton Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Produced by Richard Bennett and Wilton Lackaye, Jr. |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| January 6--January 1915 | *Maternity* | | Princess Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Written by Eugene Brieux, adapted by Richard Bennett |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| April 4--May 1916 | *Rio Grande* | | Empire Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Written by Augustus Thomas |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| February 13--March 1917 | *The Morris Dance* | | Little Theatre, New York |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| April 9--May 1917 | *Bosum Friends* | | Liberty Theatre, New York |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| August 9--August 1917 | *The Very Idea* | Alan Camp | Astor Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Written by William LeBaron |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| September 14, 1918--May 1919 | *The Unknown Purple* | | Lyric Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Written by Roland West and Carlyle Moore |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| April 8--May 1919 | *A Good Bad Woman* | | Harris Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Written by William Anthony McGuire, directed by Richard Bennett |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| December 19, 1919--May 1920 | *For the Defense* | Christopher Armstrong | Playhouse Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Written by Elmer Rice |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| February 2--May 1920 | *Beyond the Horizon* | Robert Mayo | Morosco Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Written by Eugene O\'Neill, directed by Homer Saint-Gaudens |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| September 5--November 1921 | *The Hero* | Andrew Lane | Belmont Theatre, New York |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| January 9--June 1922 | *He Who Gets Slapped* | He | Garrick Theatre, New York |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| October 17, 1923--February 1924 | *The Dancers* | Tony | Broadhurst Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Written by Gerald Du Maurier\ |
| | | | Cast includes Barbara Bennett |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| November 24, 1924--October 1925 | *They Knew What They Wanted* | Tony | Garrick Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Written by Sidney Howard |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| December 17, 1926--February 1927 | *Oh, Please* | Sammy Sands | Fulton Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Written by Maurice Hennequin and Pierre Veber\ |
| | | | Cast includes Helen Broderick, Beatrice Lillie, Charles Winninger |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| September 24, 1928--January 1929 | *Jarnegan* | Jack Jarnegan | Longacre Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Directed by Richard Bennett\ |
| | | | Cast includes Joan Bennett (stage debut) |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| October 14--November 1930 | *Solid South* | Major Bruce Follonsby | Lyceum Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Directed by Rouben Mamoulian\ |
| | | | Cast includes Bette Davis, Jessie Royce Landis |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| September 25, 1935--March 1936 | *Winterset* | Judge Gaunt | Martin Beck Theatre, New York\ |
| | | | Written by Maxwell Anderson, directed by Guthrie McClintic\ |
| | | | Cast includes Burgess Meredith |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1,380 |
Richard Bennett (actor)
| 1 |
11,061,702 |
# Richard Bennett (actor)
## Selected filmography {#selected_filmography}
Date Title Role Notes
------ ----------------------------- --------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1914 *Damaged Goods* George Dupont Cast: Adrienne Morrison, John Steppling
1916 *And the Law Says* Lawrence Kirby Cast: George Periolat, Adrienne Morrison, William Carroll
*Philip Holden --- Waster* Philip Holden Cast: George Periolat, Adrienne Morrison, Rhea Mitchell, Clarence Burton, Orral Humphrey
*The Sable Blessing* George Slocum Cast: Rhea Mitchell, Adrienne Morrison, George Newton, George Periolat
*The Valley of Decision* Young Manhood/Arnold Gray Cast: Adrienne Morrison, George Periolat
1917 *The Gilded Youth* John Slocum Cast: Rhea Mitchell, Adrienne Morrison, George Periolat, Charles Newton
1919 *Secret Marriage* --- Screenwriter
*The End of the Road* Doctor Cast: Claire Adams, Alice Brady
1921 *R.S.V.P.* --- Technical director
*The Barnstormer* --- Technical director
1924 *The Eternal City* Bruno Cast: Barbara La Marr, Bert Lytell
*Youth for Sale* Montgomery Breck Cast: May Allison, Sigrid Holmquist, Charles Emmett Mack, Dorothy Allen
1925 *Lying Wives* Ted Stanhope Cast: Clara Kimball Young, Madge Kennedy, Edna Murphy, Niles Welch, J
| 166 |
Richard Bennett (actor)
| 2 |
11,061,715 |
# Saskatchewan Prairie Ice
The **Saskatchewan Prairie Ice** were a professional women\'s ice hockey team in the Western Women\'s Hockey League (WWHL). The team played its home games in Lumsden, Saskatchewan, Canada.
## History
After playing exhibition games throughout Saskatchewan in 2003-04, the Prairie Ice joined the Calgary Oval X-Treme, Minnesota Whitecaps, Edmonton Chimos and British Columbia Breakers in forming the Western Women\'s Hockey League in 2004-2005. In 2006, the two leagues were reunited under the NWHL banner. However, this was short lived as the NWHL and WWHL could not reach an agreement upon a playoff schedule. As a result, the merger was not consummated. With the collapse of the NWHL in the summer of 2007, the Western Women\'s Hockey League was once again a completely independent league. The Prairie Ice have suspended operations in summer 2007.
## Season-by-season {#season_by_season}
- See also: 2004--05 WWHL season
- See also: 2005--06 WWHL season
- See also: 2006--07 WWHL season
Year GP W L T GF GA Pts
---------- ---- --- ---- --- ---- ----- -----
2004--05 21 1 19 1 24 132 3
2005--06 24 4 16 4 49 114 12
2006--07 24 0 22 2 31 164 2
: Year by year
Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against, Pts = Points,
## Season standings {#season_standings}
Year Regular Season Playoffs
--------- ---------------- -----------------------------
2004-05 5th no participation to playoff
2005-06 4th eliminated in first round
2006-07 5th no participation to playoff
## Last roster 2006--07 {#last_roster_200607}
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+---------------+------------------------------------+---------------------+
| Number | Nat. | Player | Former Team | Hometown |
+===================================+===================================+===============+====================================+=====================+
| **31** | | Hearn Sara | | |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+---------------+------------------------------------+---------------------+
| **20** | | Rachel hubert | | |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+---------------+------------------------------------+---------------------+
| **1** | | Robin Petkau | University of Saskatchewan Huskies | Pense, Saskatchewan |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+---------------+------------------------------------+---------------------+
| | | | | |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+---------------+------------------------------------+---------------------+
: Goalies
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| Number | Nat. | Player | Former Team | Hometown |
+===================================+===================================+=====================+================================================+======================+
| **23** | | Jessica Pennel | Saskatchewan Prairie Ice | |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| **18** | | Landa Hain | Saskatchewan Prairie Ice | Regina, Saskatchewan |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| **12** | | Jamie Lee Magnusson | Saskatchewan Prairie Ice | Regina, Saskatchewan |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| **10** | | Erin Balfour | Saskatchewan Prairie Ice | |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| **9** | | Trina Rissling | University of Regina Cougars | Regina,Saskatchewan |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| **7** | | Stephanie Reinhart | Saskatchewan Prairie Ice | Regina, Saskatchewan |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| **5** | | Robyn Presley | | |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| **4** | | Emily Henry | Canadian Women\'s National Team from 1994-2002 | Lumsden,Saskatchewan |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| **2** | | Sally Sutter | Saskatchewan Prairie Ice | |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| | | | | |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
: Defense
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+----------------------+------------------------------------+------------------------+
| Number | Nat
| 475 |
Saskatchewan Prairie Ice
| 0 |
11,061,716 |
# Kinnaird, Gowrie
**Kinnaird** (*An Ceann Àrd*, \"high headland\") is a village in Gowrie, Perthshire, Scotland.
It is notable for its 15th-century castle. The four-storeyed Kinnaird Castle was a stronghold of the Threiplands of Fingask, a local Jacobite family. The castle was restored heavily by then owner Stuart Stout in the 1960s, and was later the venue for his 1988 wedding to Audrey Gregory, who reportedly became \"known as the Lady of Kinnaird\".
The area is also home to an early-19th-century parish church. In the 18th century, it was the home of the Reverend James Adams, who contributed to the Marrow Controversy in the church of Scotland.
The Carse of Gowrie, in which the village is located, is an agricultural district of Perthshire.
## Notable people {#notable_people}
- Robert Carnegie, Lord Kinnaird (c
| 133 |
Kinnaird, Gowrie
| 0 |
11,061,734 |
# California Bureau of Gambling Control
The **California Bureau of Gambling Control** is a regulatory agency that is part of the California Department of Justice. It regulates legal gambling activities in California to ensure that gambling is conducted honestly, competitively, and free from criminal and corruptive elements. It is one of two agencies in California regulating gambling, along with the California Gambling Control Commission.
The Bureau is also responsible for tracking the identity, prior activities, and present location of all gambling enterprise employees, and for ensuring that all gambling enterprise employees hold a valid work permit. Work permits may be issued by the local authority, or by the California Gambling Control Commission in jurisdictions where a locally issued work permit is not required.
State gaming agencies and the Tribal Government work together to develop and implement a means of regulating Class III gaming on tribal lands to ensure the fair and honest operations of gaming. The Bureau investigates the qualifications of individuals who work as key employees in the tribal casinos, vendors who sell gaming resources to the tribes, as well as financial sources to determine whether they are suitable under the Gambling Control Act (Act) (867, statutes of 1997).
## History and background {#history_and_background}
Before 1998, California\'s gambling industry was essentially unregulated. In 1984, the Legislature enacted the \"Gaming Registration Act,\" which required the Attorney General\'s office to provide uniform, minimum regulation of California card rooms. However, the scope of the Attorney General\'s authority was extremely limited and funding was inadequate. Recognizing the need for broader oversight of California\'s gambling industry, the Legislature enacted the \"Gambling Control Act\" (Chapter 867, statutes of 1997).
In March 2000, the voters of California passed Proposition 1A which amended the California Constitution to permit Class III (casino-style) gaming on Indian land, provided that such activities are authorized by a tribal ordinance and conducted in conformity with a gaming compact entered into between the tribe and the state. The tribe and the state share a joint interest in ensuring that tribal gaming activities are free from criminal and other undesirable elements. While the tribe maintains the primary responsibility for on-site regulation of gaming operations, the state is ultimately responsible for ensuring compliance with all aspects of the compact.
The Gambling Control Act (Business and Professions Code section 19800 et seq.) created a comprehensive scheme for statewide regulation of legal gambling under a bifurcated system of administration involving the Bureau of Gambling Control within the Attorney General\'s Office and the five-member California Gambling Control Commission appointed by the governor. The commission is authorized to establish minimum regulatory standards for the gambling industry, and ensure that state gambling licenses are not issued to or held by unsuitable or unqualified individuals.
The licensing and enforcement staff of the Bureau monitor the conduct of gaming operations to ensure compliance with state gambling laws and conduct in-depth background investigations of the qualifications of applicants for state gambling licenses, work permits, and registrations. Background checks are done for all key employee and state gambling licenses and vendor applicants. Suitability is determined by several factors including the applicant\'s honesty, integrity, general character, reputation, habits, and financial and criminal history. The Bureau also reviews and approves contracts between third party providers of proposition players and card rooms. Each contract or qualifying amendment must be submitted to the Bureau for prior approval.
The Bureau inspects premises where gambling is conducted; examine gambling equipment, audit papers, books, and records of the gambling establishment; investigate suspected violations of gambling laws; coordinate multi-jurisdictional investigations; investigate complaints lodged against licensees by the public; initiate disciplinary action where appropriate; and provide for the immediate preservation of the public\'s health, safety, and welfare. Local law enforcement agencies maintain concurrent jurisdiction for investigating suspected violations of gambling laws and may issue work permits
| 633 |
California Bureau of Gambling Control
| 0 |
11,061,755 |
# List of Cincinnati Reds seasons
The Cincinnati Reds are a professional baseball team based in Cincinnati. The Reds play in the Central Division of Major League Baseball\'s (MLB) National League (NL). In its 122 major league seasons, the franchise has won 5 World Series championships, tied for seventh most with the Pittsburgh Pirates. The Reds played their home games at Riverfront Stadium from 1970 to 2002 and at Crosley Field before that, from 1912 to 1970. In 2003, the team moved into Great American Ball Park, located on the banks of the Ohio River and built on the old site of Riverfront Stadium.
The history of the Cincinnati Reds dates back to 1876, where they were originally called the \"Red Stockings\" and were the first true professional baseball team in the United States. The modern Cincinnati Reds began play in 1882 as members of the American Association, which Reds won in their first year of competition. The Reds joined Major League Baseball in 1890 and began their play in the National League. Over their history, the Reds have won 10 National League Pennants and made it to the post season 13 times, along with their five World Series Championships.
Following the Cincinnati Reds second championship in 1940, the franchise only had one post-season appearance between 1941 and 1969. During the 1970s, however, the Reds would appear in the post-season six times during the decade, along with four National League pennants, and back-to-back World Series championships in 1975 and 1976. The Reds were nicknamed Big Red Machine during the time period and complied, what some have claimed to be, the best teams in major league baseball history. Following the 1976 championship and Big Red Machine era, the Reds struggled to sustain consistent post-season appearances.
The fifth and most recent championship for the Cincinnati Reds came in 1990, in which that team went wire-to-wire and swept the World Series. The Reds have made only five post-season appearances since 1991, with their most recent appearance coming in 2020, where they lost the wild card game.
Overall, the Reds have compiled a winning percentage of .508 over their history and also achieved a franchise mark of 10,000 wins on April 20, 2012, becoming just the sixth major league franchise to accomplish the feat. The Reds lost their 10,000th game on August 28, 2015. They were the fourth major league baseball franchise to reach this number.
## Table key {#table_key}
-- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
National League Championship Series
National League Division Series
All-Star Game Most Valuable Player
Comeback Player of the Year
Cy Young Award
Final position in league or division
\"Games Back\" from first-place team`{{ref label|GB|a|a}}`{=mediawiki}
Number of regular season losses
Manager of the Year
Most Valuable Player
National League Rookie of the Year
Each year is linked to an article about that particular MLB season
Each year is linked to an article about that particular Yankees season
Number of regular season wins
World Series Most Valuable Player
-- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 495 |
List of Cincinnati Reds seasons
| 0 |
11,061,755 |
# List of Cincinnati Reds seasons
## Seasons
+:----------------------------------------:+:---------------------------------------------------------------------------:+:-----------------------------------------:+:----------------------------------------:+:-----------------:+
| **World Series champions**\ | **National League champions**\ | **Division champions**\ | **Wild card berth**\ | **AA champions**\ |
| (`{{mlby|1903}}`{=mediawiki}--present) † | (`{{mlby|1901}}`{=mediawiki}--present)`{{ref label|AL|b|b}}`{=mediawiki} \* | (`{{mlby|1969}}`{=mediawiki}--present) \^ | (`{{mlby|1994}}`{=mediawiki}--present) ¤ | (1882--1891) ‡ |
+------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+-------------------+
<table>
<thead>
<tr class="header">
<th scope="col"><p>Season</p></th>
<th scope="col"><p>Team</p></th>
<th scope="col"><p>Level</p></th>
<th scope="col"><p>League</p></th>
<th scope="col"><p>Division</p></th>
<th scope="col"><p>Finish</p></th>
<th scope="col"><p>Wins</p></th>
<th scope="col"><p>Losses</p></th>
<th scope="col"><p>Win%</p></th>
<th scope="col"><p>GB</p></th>
<th scope="col"><p>Playoffs</p></th>
<th scope="col"><p>Awards</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="12" style="text-align: center; background-color: #C6011F; color: #FFFFFF; border: 2px solid #000000;"><p><strong>Cincinnati Red Stockings</strong></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><p>1882</p></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1882</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #FFE6BD;"><p>AA ‡</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>1st</p></td>
<td><p>55</p></td>
<td><p>25</p></td>
<td><p>.688</p></td>
<td><p>—</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><p>1883</p></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1883</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>AA</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>61</p></td>
<td><p>37</p></td>
<td><p>.622</p></td>
<td><p>5</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><p>1884</p></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1884</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>AA</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>68</p></td>
<td><p>41</p></td>
<td><p>.624</p></td>
<td><p>8</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><p>1885</p></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1885</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>AA</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>2nd</p></td>
<td><p>63</p></td>
<td><p>49</p></td>
<td><p>.563</p></td>
<td><p>16</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><p>1886</p></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1886</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>AA</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>65</p></td>
<td><p>73</p></td>
<td><p>.471</p></td>
<td><p>27½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><p>1887</p></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1887</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>AA</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>2nd</p></td>
<td><p>81</p></td>
<td><p>54</p></td>
<td><p>.600</p></td>
<td><p>14</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><p>1888</p></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1888</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>AA</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>80</p></td>
<td><p>54</p></td>
<td><p>.597</p></td>
<td><p>11½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><p>1889</p></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1889</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>AA</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>76</p></td>
<td><p>63</p></td>
<td><p>.547</p></td>
<td><p>18</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="12" style="text-align: center; background-color: #C6011F; color: #FFFFFF; border: 2px solid #000000;"><p><strong>Cincinnati Reds</strong></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1890</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>77</p></td>
<td><p>55</p></td>
<td><p>.583</p></td>
<td><p>10½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1891</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>7th</p></td>
<td><p>56</p></td>
<td><p>81</p></td>
<td><p>.409</p></td>
<td><p>30½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1892</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>82</p></td>
<td><p>68</p></td>
<td><p>.547</p></td>
<td><p>8½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1893</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>6th</p></td>
<td><p>65</p></td>
<td><p>63</p></td>
<td><p>.508</p></td>
<td><p>20½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1894</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>10th</p></td>
<td><p>55</p></td>
<td><p>75</p></td>
<td><p>.423</p></td>
<td><p>35</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1895</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>8th</p></td>
<td><p>66</p></td>
<td><p>64</p></td>
<td><p>.508</p></td>
<td><p>21</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1896</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>77</p></td>
<td><p>50</p></td>
<td><p>.606</p></td>
<td><p>12</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1897</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>76</p></td>
<td><p>56</p></td>
<td><p>.576</p></td>
<td><p>17</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1898</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>92</p></td>
<td><p>60</p></td>
<td><p>.605</p></td>
<td><p>11½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1899</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>6th</p></td>
<td><p>83</p></td>
<td><p>67</p></td>
<td><p>.553</p></td>
<td><p>19</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1900</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>7th</p></td>
<td><p>62</p></td>
<td><p>77</p></td>
<td><p>.446</p></td>
<td><p>21½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1901</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>8th</p></td>
<td><p>52</p></td>
<td><p>87</p></td>
<td><p>.374</p></td>
<td><p>37</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1902</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>70</p></td>
<td><p>70</p></td>
<td><p>.500</p></td>
<td><p>33½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1903</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>74</p></td>
<td><p>65</p></td>
<td><p>.532</p></td>
<td><p>16½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1904</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>88</p></td>
<td><p>65</p></td>
<td><p>.575</p></td>
<td><p>18</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1905</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>79</p></td>
<td><p>74</p></td>
<td><p>.516</p></td>
<td><p>26</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1906</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>6th</p></td>
<td><p>64</p></td>
<td><p>87</p></td>
<td><p>.424</p></td>
<td><p>51½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1907</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>6th</p></td>
<td><p>66</p></td>
<td><p>87</p></td>
<td><p>.431</p></td>
<td><p>41½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1908</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>73</p></td>
<td><p>81</p></td>
<td><p>.474</p></td>
<td><p>26</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1909</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>77</p></td>
<td><p>76</p></td>
<td><p>.503</p></td>
<td><p>33½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1910</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>75</p></td>
<td><p>79</p></td>
<td><p>.487</p></td>
<td><p>29</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1911</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>6th</p></td>
<td><p>70</p></td>
<td><p>83</p></td>
<td><p>.458</p></td>
<td><p>29</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1912</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>75</p></td>
<td><p>78</p></td>
<td><p>.490</p></td>
<td><p>29</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1913</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>7th</p></td>
<td><p>64</p></td>
<td><p>89</p></td>
<td><p>.418</p></td>
<td><p>37½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1914</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>8th</p></td>
<td><p>60</p></td>
<td><p>94</p></td>
<td><p>.390</p></td>
<td><p>34½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1915</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>7th</p></td>
<td><p>71</p></td>
<td><p>83</p></td>
<td><p>.461</p></td>
<td><p>20</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1916</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>7th</p></td>
<td><p>60</p></td>
<td><p>93</p></td>
<td><p>.392</p></td>
<td><p>33½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1917</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>78</p></td>
<td><p>76</p></td>
<td><p>.506</p></td>
<td><p>20</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1918</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>68</p></td>
<td><p>60</p></td>
<td><p>.531</p></td>
<td><p>15½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1919</p></td>
<td data-bgcolor="#ffcccc"><p>MLB †</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #ddffdd;"><p>NL *</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>1st</p></td>
<td><p>96</p></td>
<td><p>44</p></td>
<td><p>.686</p></td>
<td><p>—</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #ffcccc;"><p>Won World Series (White Sox) 5–3 †</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1920</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>82</p></td>
<td><p>71</p></td>
<td><p>.536</p></td>
<td><p>10½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1921</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>6th</p></td>
<td><p>70</p></td>
<td><p>83</p></td>
<td><p>.458</p></td>
<td><p>24</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1922</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>2nd</p></td>
<td><p>86</p></td>
<td><p>68</p></td>
<td><p>.558</p></td>
<td><p>7</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1923</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>2nd</p></td>
<td><p>91</p></td>
<td><p>63</p></td>
<td><p>.591</p></td>
<td><p>4½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1924</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>83</p></td>
<td><p>70</p></td>
<td><p>.542</p></td>
<td><p>10</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1925</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>80</p></td>
<td><p>73</p></td>
<td><p>.523</p></td>
<td><p>15</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1926</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>2nd</p></td>
<td><p>87</p></td>
<td><p>67</p></td>
<td><p>.565</p></td>
<td><p>2</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1927</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>75</p></td>
<td><p>78</p></td>
<td><p>.490</p></td>
<td><p>18½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1928</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>78</p></td>
<td><p>74</p></td>
<td><p>.513</p></td>
<td><p>16</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1929</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>7th</p></td>
<td><p>66</p></td>
<td><p>88</p></td>
<td><p>.429</p></td>
<td><p>33</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1930</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>7th</p></td>
<td><p>59</p></td>
<td><p>95</p></td>
<td><p>.383</p></td>
<td><p>33</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1931</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>8th</p></td>
<td><p>58</p></td>
<td><p>96</p></td>
<td><p>.377</p></td>
<td><p>43</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1932</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>8th</p></td>
<td><p>60</p></td>
<td><p>94</p></td>
<td><p>.390</p></td>
<td><p>30</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1933</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>8th</p></td>
<td><p>58</p></td>
<td><p>94</p></td>
<td><p>.382</p></td>
<td><p>33</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1934</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>8th</p></td>
<td><p>52</p></td>
<td><p>99</p></td>
<td><p>.344</p></td>
<td><p>42</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1935</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>6th</p></td>
<td><p>68</p></td>
<td><p>85</p></td>
<td><p>.444</p></td>
<td><p>31½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1936</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>74</p></td>
<td><p>80</p></td>
<td><p>.481</p></td>
<td><p>18</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1937</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>8th</p></td>
<td><p>56</p></td>
<td><p>98</p></td>
<td><p>.364</p></td>
<td><p>40</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1938</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>82</p></td>
<td><p>68</p></td>
<td><p>.547</p></td>
<td><p>6</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p>Ernie Lombardi (MVP)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1939</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #ddffdd;"><p>NL *</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>1st</p></td>
<td><p>97</p></td>
<td><p>57</p></td>
<td><p>.630</p></td>
<td><p>—</p></td>
<td data-bgcolor="#ddffdd"><p>Lost World Series (Yankees) 4–0 *</p></td>
<td><p>Bucky Walters (MVP)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1940</p></td>
<td data-bgcolor="#ffcccc"><p>MLB †</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #ddffdd;"><p>NL *</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>1st</p></td>
<td><p>100</p></td>
<td><p>53</p></td>
<td><p>.654</p></td>
<td><p>—</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #ffcccc;"><p>Won World Series (Tigers) 4–3 †</p></td>
<td><p>Frank McCormick (MVP)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1941</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>88</p></td>
<td><p>66</p></td>
<td><p>.571</p></td>
<td><p>12</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1942</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>76</p></td>
<td><p>76</p></td>
<td><p>.500</p></td>
<td><p>29</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1943</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>2nd</p></td>
<td><p>87</p></td>
<td><p>67</p></td>
<td><p>.565</p></td>
<td><p>18</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1944</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>89</p></td>
<td><p>65</p></td>
<td><p>.578</p></td>
<td><p>16</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1945</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>7th</p></td>
<td><p>61</p></td>
<td><p>93</p></td>
<td><p>.396</p></td>
<td><p>37</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1946</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>6th</p></td>
<td><p>67</p></td>
<td><p>87</p></td>
<td><p>.435</p></td>
<td><p>30</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1947</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>73</p></td>
<td><p>81</p></td>
<td><p>.474</p></td>
<td><p>21</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1948</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>7th</p></td>
<td><p>64</p></td>
<td><p>89</p></td>
<td><p>.418</p></td>
<td><p>27</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1949</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>7th</p></td>
<td><p>62</p></td>
<td><p>92</p></td>
<td><p>.403</p></td>
<td><p>35</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1950</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>6th</p></td>
<td><p>66</p></td>
<td><p>87</p></td>
<td><p>.431</p></td>
<td><p>24½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1951</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>6th</p></td>
<td><p>68</p></td>
<td><p>86</p></td>
<td><p>.442</p></td>
<td><p>28½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1952</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>6th</p></td>
<td><p>69</p></td>
<td><p>85</p></td>
<td><p>.448</p></td>
<td><p>27½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="12" style="text-align: center; background-color: #C6011F; color: #FFFFFF; border: 2px solid #000000;"><p><strong>Cincinnati Redlegs</strong></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1953</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>6th</p></td>
<td><p>68</p></td>
<td><p>86</p></td>
<td><p>.442</p></td>
<td><p>37</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1954</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>74</p></td>
<td><p>80</p></td>
<td><p>.481</p></td>
<td><p>23</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1955</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>75</p></td>
<td><p>79</p></td>
<td><p>.487</p></td>
<td><p>23½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1956</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>91</p></td>
<td><p>63</p></td>
<td><p>.591</p></td>
<td><p>2</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p>Frank Robinson (ROY)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1957</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>80</p></td>
<td><p>74</p></td>
<td><p>.519</p></td>
<td><p>15</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1958</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>76</p></td>
<td><p>78</p></td>
<td><p>.494</p></td>
<td><p>16</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="12" style="text-align: center;"><p><strong>Cincinnati Reds</strong></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1959</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>74</p></td>
<td><p>80</p></td>
<td><p>.481</p></td>
<td><p>13</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1960</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>6th</p></td>
<td><p>67</p></td>
<td><p>87</p></td>
<td><p>.435</p></td>
<td><p>28</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1961</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #ddffdd;"><p>NL *</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>1st</p></td>
<td><p>93</p></td>
<td><p>61</p></td>
<td><p>.604</p></td>
<td><p>—</p></td>
<td data-bgcolor="#ddffdd"><p>Lost World Series (Yankees) 4–1 *</p></td>
<td><p>Frank Robinson (MVP)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1962</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>98</p></td>
<td><p>64</p></td>
<td><p>.605</p></td>
<td><p>3½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1963</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>86</p></td>
<td><p>76</p></td>
<td><p>.531</p></td>
<td><p>13</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p>Pete Rose (ROY)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1964</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>2nd</p></td>
<td><p>92</p></td>
<td><p>70</p></td>
<td><p>.568</p></td>
<td><p>1</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1965</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>89</p></td>
<td><p>73</p></td>
<td><p>.549</p></td>
<td><p>8</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1966</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>7th</p></td>
<td><p>76</p></td>
<td><p>84</p></td>
<td><p>.475</p></td>
<td><p>18</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p>Tommy Helms (ROY)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1967</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>87</p></td>
<td><p>75</p></td>
<td><p>.537</p></td>
<td><p>14½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1968</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>–</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>83</p></td>
<td><p>79</p></td>
<td><p>.512</p></td>
<td><p>14</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p>Johnny Bench (ROY)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1969</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>West</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>89</p></td>
<td><p>73</p></td>
<td><p>.549</p></td>
<td><p>4</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1970</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #ddffdd;"><p>NL *</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #D0E7FF;"><p>West ^</p></td>
<td><p>1st</p></td>
<td><p>102</p></td>
<td><p>60</p></td>
<td><p>.630</p></td>
<td><p>—</p></td>
<td data-bgcolor="#ddffdd"><p>Won NLCS (Pirates) 3–0<br />
Lost World Series (Orioles) 4–1 *</p></td>
<td><p>Johnny Bench (MVP)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1971</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>West</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>79</p></td>
<td><p>83</p></td>
<td><p>.488</p></td>
<td><p>11</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1972</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #ddffdd;"><p>NL *</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #D0E7FF;"><p>West ^</p></td>
<td><p>1st</p></td>
<td><p>95</p></td>
<td><p>59</p></td>
<td><p>.617</p></td>
<td><p>—</p></td>
<td data-bgcolor="#ddffdd"><p>Won NLCS (Pirates) 3–2<br />
Lost World Series (Athletics) 4–3 *</p></td>
<td><p>Johnny Bench (MVP)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1973</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #D0E7FF;"><p>West ^</p></td>
<td><p>1st</p></td>
<td><p>99</p></td>
<td><p>63</p></td>
<td><p>.611</p></td>
<td><p>—</p></td>
<td><p>Lost NLCS (Mets) 3–2</p></td>
<td><p>Pete Rose (MVP)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1974</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>West</p></td>
<td><p>2nd</p></td>
<td><p>98</p></td>
<td><p>64</p></td>
<td><p>.605</p></td>
<td><p>4</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1975</p></td>
<td data-bgcolor="#ffcccc"><p>MLB †</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #ddffdd;"><p>NL *</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #D0E7FF;"><p>West ^</p></td>
<td><p>1st</p></td>
<td><p>108</p></td>
<td><p>54</p></td>
<td><p>.667</p></td>
<td><p>—</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #ffcccc;"><p>Won NLCS (Pirates) 3–0<br />
Won World Series (Red Sox) 4–3 †</p></td>
<td><p>Joe Morgan (MVP)<br />
Pete Rose (WS MVP)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1976</p></td>
<td data-bgcolor="#ffcccc"><p>MLB †</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #ddffdd;"><p>NL *</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #D0E7FF;"><p>West ^</p></td>
<td><p>1st</p></td>
<td><p>102</p></td>
<td><p>60</p></td>
<td><p>.630</p></td>
<td><p>—</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #ffcccc;"><p>Won NLCS (Phillies) 3–0<br />
Won World Series (Yankees) 4–0 †</p></td>
<td><p>Joe Morgan (MVP)<br />
Pat Zachry (ROY)<br />
Johnny Bench (WS MVP)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1977</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>West</p></td>
<td><p>2nd</p></td>
<td><p>88</p></td>
<td><p>74</p></td>
<td><p>.543</p></td>
<td><p>10</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p>George Foster (MVP)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1978</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>West</p></td>
<td><p>2nd</p></td>
<td><p>92</p></td>
<td><p>69</p></td>
<td><p>.571</p></td>
<td><p>2½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1979</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #D0E7FF;"><p>West ^</p></td>
<td><p>1st</p></td>
<td><p>90</p></td>
<td><p>71</p></td>
<td><p>.559</p></td>
<td><p>—</p></td>
<td><p>Lost NLCS (Pirates) 3–0</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1980</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>West</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>89</p></td>
<td><p>73</p></td>
<td><p>.549</p></td>
<td><p>3½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td rowspan="2"></td>
<td rowspan="2" scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1981</p></td>
<td rowspan="2"><p>MLB</p></td>
<td rowspan="2"><p>NL</p></td>
<td rowspan="2"><p>West</p></td>
<td><p>2nd</p></td>
<td><p>35</p></td>
<td><p>21</p></td>
<td><p>.625</p></td>
<td><p>½</p></td>
<td rowspan="2"></td>
<td rowspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><p>2nd</p></td>
<td><p>31</p></td>
<td><p>21</p></td>
<td><p>.596</p></td>
<td><p>1½</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1982</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>West</p></td>
<td><p>6th</p></td>
<td><p>61</p></td>
<td><p>101</p></td>
<td><p>.377</p></td>
<td><p>28</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1983</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>West</p></td>
<td><p>6th</p></td>
<td><p>74</p></td>
<td><p>88</p></td>
<td><p>.457</p></td>
<td><p>17</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1984</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>West</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>70</p></td>
<td><p>92</p></td>
<td><p>.432</p></td>
<td><p>22</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1985</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>West</p></td>
<td><p>2nd</p></td>
<td><p>89</p></td>
<td><p>72</p></td>
<td><p>.553</p></td>
<td><p>5½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1986</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>West</p></td>
<td><p>2nd</p></td>
<td><p>86</p></td>
<td><p>76</p></td>
<td><p>.531</p></td>
<td><p>10</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1987</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>West</p></td>
<td><p>2nd</p></td>
<td><p>84</p></td>
<td><p>78</p></td>
<td><p>.519</p></td>
<td><p>6</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1988</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>West</p></td>
<td><p>2nd</p></td>
<td><p>87</p></td>
<td><p>74</p></td>
<td><p>.540</p></td>
<td><p>7</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p>Chris Sabo (ROY)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1989</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>West</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>75</p></td>
<td><p>87</p></td>
<td><p>.463</p></td>
<td><p>17</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1990</p></td>
<td data-bgcolor="#ffcccc"><p>MLB †</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #ddffdd;"><p>NL *</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #D0E7FF;"><p>West ^</p></td>
<td><p>1st</p></td>
<td><p>91</p></td>
<td><p>71</p></td>
<td><p>.562</p></td>
<td><p>—</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #ffcccc;"><p>Won NLCS (Pirates) 4–2<br />
Won World Series (Athletics) 4–0 †</p></td>
<td><p>José Rijo (WS MVP)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1991</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>West</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>74</p></td>
<td><p>88</p></td>
<td><p>.457</p></td>
<td><p>20</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1992</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>West</p></td>
<td><p>2nd</p></td>
<td><p>90</p></td>
<td><p>72</p></td>
<td><p>.556</p></td>
<td><p>8</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1993</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>West</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>73</p></td>
<td><p>89</p></td>
<td><p>.451</p></td>
<td><p>31</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1994</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>1st</p></td>
<td><p>66</p></td>
<td><p>48</p></td>
<td><p>.579</p></td>
<td><p>—</p></td>
<td><p>Playoffs cancelled</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1995</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #D0E7FF;"><p>Central ^</p></td>
<td><p>1st</p></td>
<td><p>85</p></td>
<td><p>59</p></td>
<td><p>.590</p></td>
<td><p>—</p></td>
<td><p>Won NLDS (Dodgers) 3–0<br />
Lost NLCS (Braves) 4–0</p></td>
<td><p>Barry Larkin (MVP)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1996</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>81</p></td>
<td><p>81</p></td>
<td><p>.500</p></td>
<td><p>7</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1997</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>76</p></td>
<td><p>86</p></td>
<td><p>.469</p></td>
<td><p>8</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1998</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>77</p></td>
<td><p>85</p></td>
<td><p>.475</p></td>
<td><p>25</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>1999</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>2nd</p></td>
<td><p>96</p></td>
<td><p>67</p></td>
<td><p>.589</p></td>
<td><p>1½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p>Scott Williamson (ROY)<br />
Jack McKeon (MOY)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2000</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>2nd</p></td>
<td><p>85</p></td>
<td><p>77</p></td>
<td><p>.525</p></td>
<td><p>10</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2001</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>66</p></td>
<td><p>96</p></td>
<td><p>.407</p></td>
<td><p>27</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2002</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>78</p></td>
<td><p>84</p></td>
<td><p>.481</p></td>
<td><p>19</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2003</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>69</p></td>
<td><p>93</p></td>
<td><p>.426</p></td>
<td><p>19</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2004</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>76</p></td>
<td><p>86</p></td>
<td><p>.469</p></td>
<td><p>29</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2005</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>73</p></td>
<td><p>89</p></td>
<td><p>.451</p></td>
<td><p>27</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2006</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>80</p></td>
<td><p>82</p></td>
<td><p>.494</p></td>
<td><p>3½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2007</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>72</p></td>
<td><p>90</p></td>
<td><p>.444</p></td>
<td><p>13</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2008</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>74</p></td>
<td><p>88</p></td>
<td><p>.457</p></td>
<td><p>23½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2009</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>78</p></td>
<td><p>84</p></td>
<td><p>.481</p></td>
<td><p>13</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2010</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #D0E7FF;"><p>Central ^</p></td>
<td><p>1st</p></td>
<td><p>91</p></td>
<td><p>71</p></td>
<td><p>.562</p></td>
<td><p>—</p></td>
<td><p>Lost NLDS (Phillies) 3–0</p></td>
<td><p>Joey Votto (MVP)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2011</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>79</p></td>
<td><p>83</p></td>
<td><p>.488</p></td>
<td><p>17</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2012</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; background: #D0E7FF;"><p>Central ^</p></td>
<td><p>1st</p></td>
<td><p>97</p></td>
<td><p>65</p></td>
<td><p>.599</p></td>
<td><p>—</p></td>
<td><p>Lost NLDS (Giants) 3–2</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2013</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td data-bgcolor="#96CDCD"><p>3rd ¤</p></td>
<td><p>90</p></td>
<td><p>72</p></td>
<td><p>.556</p></td>
<td><p>7</p></td>
<td><p>Lost NLWC (Pirates)</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2014</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>76</p></td>
<td><p>86</p></td>
<td><p>.469</p></td>
<td><p>14</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2015</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>64</p></td>
<td><p>98</p></td>
<td><p>.395</p></td>
<td><p>36</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2016</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>68</p></td>
<td><p>94</p></td>
<td><p>.420</p></td>
<td><p>35½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2017</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>68</p></td>
<td><p>94</p></td>
<td><p>.420</p></td>
<td><p>24</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2018</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>5th</p></td>
<td><p>67</p></td>
<td><p>95</p></td>
<td><p>.414</p></td>
<td><p>28½</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2019</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>75</p></td>
<td><p>87</p></td>
<td><p>.463</p></td>
<td><p>16</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2020</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td data-bgcolor="#96CDCD"><p>3rd ¤</p></td>
<td><p>31</p></td>
<td><p>29</p></td>
<td><p>.517</p></td>
<td><p>3</p></td>
<td><p>Lost NLWC (Braves) 2–0</p></td>
<td><p>Trevor Bauer (CYA)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2021</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>83</p></td>
<td><p>79</p></td>
<td><p>.512</p></td>
<td><p>12</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p>Jonathan India (ROY)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2022</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>T-4th</p></td>
<td><p>62</p></td>
<td><p>100</p></td>
<td><p>.383</p></td>
<td><p>31</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2023</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>3rd</p></td>
<td><p>82</p></td>
<td><p>80</p></td>
<td><p>.506</p></td>
<td><p>10</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td scope="row" style="text-align:center;"><p>2024</p></td>
<td><p>MLB</p></td>
<td><p>NL</p></td>
<td><p>Central</p></td>
<td><p>4th</p></td>
<td><p>77</p></td>
<td><p>85</p></td>
<td><p>.475</p></td>
<td><p>16</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="6" rowspan="4"><p>Totals</p></td>
<td><p><em>Wins</em></p></td>
<td><p><em>Losses</em></p></td>
<td><p><em>Win%</em></p></td>
<td colspan="3"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><p>10,713</p></td>
<td><p>10,501</p></td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3"><p>All-time regular season record (1882–2021)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><p>49</p></td>
<td><p>48</p></td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3"><p>All-time postseason record</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><p>10,760</p></td>
<td><p>10,543</p></td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3"><p>All-time regular and postseason record</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
## Record by decade {#record_by_decade}
| 2,944 |
List of Cincinnati Reds seasons
| 1 |
11,061,755 |
# List of Cincinnati Reds seasons
## Record by decade {#record_by_decade}
The following table describes the Reds\' MLB win--loss record by decade.
Decade Wins Losses Pct
---------- -------- -------- ------
1880s 549 396 .581
1890s 729 639 .533
1900s 705 769 .478
1910s 717 779 .479
1920s 798 735 .521
1930s 664 866 .434
1940s 767 769 .499
1950s 741 798 .481
1960s 860 742 .537
1970s 953 657 .592
1980s 781 783 .499
1990s 809 746 .520
2000s 751 869 .464
2010s 775 845 .478
2020s 258 288 .473
All-time 10,764 10,552
These statistics are from Baseball-Reference.com\'s *Cincinnati Reds History & Encyclopedia*, and are current as of October 4, 2018.
| 111 |
List of Cincinnati Reds seasons
| 2 |
11,061,755 |
# List of Cincinnati Reds seasons
## Postseason record by year {#postseason_record_by_year}
The Reds have made the postseason sixteen times in their history, with their first being in 1919 and the most recent being in 2020
| 36 |
List of Cincinnati Reds seasons
| 3 |
11,061,800 |
# Bülbül
**Bülbül** (`{{IPA|tr|bylbyl|}}`{=mediawiki}, literally \"nightingale\") is a Turkish and Azerbaijani surname and to a lesser extent also a female given name and may refer to:
## Surname
- Azer Bülbül (1967--2012), Azerbaijani folk singer and actor
- Kerem Bülbül (born 1995), German footballer of Turkish origin
- Samet Bülbül (born 1991), Turkish footballer
## Female given name {#female_given_name}
- Bülbül Hatun (died c
| 64 |
Bülbül
| 0 |
11,061,816 |
# Jack Kennedy (hurler)
**Jack Kennedy** (born 1982) is an Irish hurler who played as a left wing-forward for the Waterford senior team.
Kennedy joined the team during the 2003 National League and was a regular member of the starting fifteen until his retirement during the 2009 championship. During that time he won two Munster winners\' medals and one National League winners\' medal. Kennedy ended up as an All-Ireland runner-up on one occasion.
At club level Kennedy is a one-time county club championship medalist with De La Salle. He previously played with Ballyduff Lower.
## Playing career {#playing_career}
### Club
Kennedy began his club hurling career with Ballyduff Lower, however, he enjoyed little success with the club.
In 2012 Kennedy transferred from Ballyduff Lower to the De La Salle club in Waterford city. It was a successful as he won a championship medal at the end of the year as De La Salle trounced Dungarvan by 1--21 to 0--12 in the decider.
### Inter-county {#inter_county}
Kennedy made his senior debut for Waterford in a National League game against Dublin in 2003, however, he was unused substitute during the championship.
By 2004 Kennedy made his championship debut in the Munster final against Cork. Described as the game that had everything Waterford beat Cork by 3--16 to 1--21 to win one of the greatest games of hurling ever played. It was Kennedy\'s first Munster medal.
In 2007 Kennedy added a National Hurling League medal to his collection when Waterford defeated Kilkenny by 0--20 to 0--18 in the final. He later claimed a second Munster medal as Waterford defeated Limerick by 3--17 to 1--14 in the provincial decider. While Waterford were viewed as possibly going on and winning the All-Ireland title for the first time in almost half a century, Limerick ambushed Kennedy\'s side in the All-Ireland semi-final.
2008 began poorly for Waterford as the team lost their opening game to Clare as well as their manager Justin McCarthy. In spite of this poor start Kennedy\'s side reached the All-Ireland final for the first time in forty-five years. Kilkenny provided the opposition and went on to trounce Waterford by 3--30 to 1--13 to claim a third All-Ireland title in-a-row.
In the build up to Waterford\'s All-Ireland quarter-final meeting with Galway in 2009, Kennedy left the Waterford panel
| 384 |
Jack Kennedy (hurler)
| 0 |
11,061,828 |
# Greg Wells (footballer, born 1950)
**Greg Wells** (born 6 June 1950) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Melbourne and Carlton in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the 1970s and early 1980s.
Wells usually played as a centreman or rover. During the 1969 season Wells played in the thirds, seconds and senior Melbourne sides in successive weeks. He finished runner-up in the 1972 Brownlow Medal and equal fourth in 1976. Wells also won Melbourne\'s best and fairest award in both 1971 and 1976.
The 1980 season was his last for Melbourne and he crossed mid year to Carlton where he attempted to finish his career with a premiership. He was a member of Carlton\'s 1981 premiership side.
In 1983, he moved to the Moorabbin Football Club in the Victorian Football Association (VFA) second division, serving as its inaugural VFA captain.
## Playing statistics {#playing_statistics}
:
\|- style=\"background-color: #EAEAEA\" ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1969 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 50 \|\| 3 \|\| 10 \|\| 4 \|\| 51 \|\| 13 \|\| 64 \|\| 10 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 3.3 \|\| 1.3 \|\| 17.0 \|\| 4.3 \|\| 21.3 \|\| 3.3 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1970 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 11 \|\| 20 \|\| 19 \|\| 25 \|\| 267 \|\| 50 \|\| 317 \|\| 52 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 1.0 \|\| 1.3 \|\| 13.4 \|\| 2.5 \|\| 15.9 \|\| 2.6 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|- style=\"background:#eaeaea;\" ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1971 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 11 \|\| 18 \|\| 11 \|\| 17 \|\| 316 \|\| 38 \|\| 354 \|\| 89 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki}\|\| 0.6 \|\| 0.9 \|\| 17.6 \|\| 2.1 \|\| 19.7 \|\| 4.9 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1972 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 11 \|\| 22 \|\| 34 \|\| 29 \|\| 444 \|\| 52 \|\| 496 \|\| 114 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 1.5 \|\| 1.3 \|\| 20.2 \|\| 2.4 \|\| 22.5 \|\| 5.2 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|- style=\"background:#eaeaea;\" ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1973 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 11 \|\| 21 \|\| 20 \|\| 39 \|\| 459 \|\| 77 \|\| 536 \|\| 113 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 1.0 \|\| 1.9 \|\| 21.9 \|\| 3.7 \|\| 25.5 \|\| 5.4 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1974 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 11 \|\| 22 \|\| 26 \|\| 30 \|\| 474 \|\| 91 \|\| 565 \|\| 97 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 1.2 \|\| 1.4 \|\| 21.5 \|\| 4.1 \|\| 25.7 \|\| 4.4 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|- style=\"background:#eaeaea;\" ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1975 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 11 \|\| 21 \|\| 32 \|\| 33 \|\| 388 \|\| 70 \|\| 458 \|\| 81 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 1.5 \|\| 1.7 \|\| 19.4 \|\| 3.5 \|\| 22.9 \|\| 4.0 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1976 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 11 \|\| 22 \|\| 31 \|\| 29 \|\| 477 \|\| 107 \|\| 584 \|\| 105 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 1.4 \|\| 1.3 \|\| 21.7 \|\| 4.9 \|\| 26.5 \|\| 4.8 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|- style=\"background:#eaeaea;\" ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1977 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 11 \|\| 21 \|\| 23 \|\| 19 \|\| 416 \|\| 93 \|\| 509 \|\| 94 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 1.1 \|\| 1.0 \|\| 19.8 \|\| 4.4 \|\| 24.2 \|\| 4.5 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1978 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 11 \|\| 20 \|\| 17 \|\| 26 \|\| 374 \|\| 120 \|\| 494 \|\| 121 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 0.9 \|\| 1.4 \|\| 18.7 \|\| 6.0 \|\| 24.7 \|\| 6.1 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|- style=\"background:#eaeaea;\" ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1979 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 11 \|\| 22 \|\| 24 \|\| 39 \|\| 412 \|\| 132 \|\| 544 \|\| 133 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 1.1 \|\| 1.8 \|\| 18.7 \|\| 6.0 \|\| 24.7 \|\| 6.0 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1980 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 11 \|\| 12 \|\| 4 \|\| 6 \|\| 202 \|\| 99 \|\| 301 \|\| 60 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 0.3 \|\| 0.5 \|\| 16.8 \|\| 8.3 \|\| 25.1 \|\| 5.0 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|- style=\"background:#eaeaea;\" ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1980 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Car}}`{=mediawiki} \| 11 \|\| 10 \|\| 9 \|\| 11 \|\| 175 \|\| 84 \|\| 259 \|\| 61 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 0.9 \|\| 1.1 \|\| 17.5 \|\| 8.4 \|\| 25.9 \|\| 6.1 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1981 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Car}}`{=mediawiki} \| 1 \|\| 22 \|\| 13 \|\| 14 \|\| 309 \|\| 111 \|\| 420 \|\| 77 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 0.6 \|\| 0.6 \|\| 14.0 \|\| 5.0 \|\| 19.1 \|\| 3.5 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|- style=\"background:#eaeaea;\" ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1982 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Car}}`{=mediawiki} \| 1 \|\| 11 \|\| 2 \|\| 10 \|\| 126 \|\| 44 \|\| 270 \|\| 31 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 0.2 \|\| 0.9 \|\| 11.5 \|\| 4.0 \|\| 15.5 \|\| 2.8 \|\| `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} \|- class=\"sortbottom\" ! colspan=3\| Career ! 267 ! 275 ! 331 ! 4890 ! 1181 ! 6071 ! 1238 ! `{{N/a}}`{=mediawiki} ! 1.0 ! 1.3 ! 18.4 ! 4.4 ! 22.8 ! 4
| 790 |
Greg Wells (footballer, born 1950)
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# Ziggurat Con
**Ziggurat Con** was a role-playing convention held on June 10, 2007. It was remarkable for being the only known role-playing video game convention held in a war zone. The con was held on the grounds of the Ali Airbase and Camp Adder in Iraq, both housing large numbers of North American Armed Forces personnel. It was named after a ziggurat from the ancient city of Ur that is on the base grounds. Admission was free to all U.S.-allied military personnel and civilian contractors posted in Iraq.
## History
Ziggurat Con was as a soldier-run event. The convention was organized by active duty military service personnel deployed to Iraq by the United States Armed Forces, and by contractors to the United States government. It was originally scheduled for June 9, but was moved to the 10th to help preserve operational security.
Part of the base\'s Community Activity Center hosted the convention. The Memorial Theater showed anime, the ping pong room and mini-theater held pen-and-paper role-playing games, and role-playing video games were held in the console gaming room at the MWR Activity Center. The convention\'s first organizer was Convention Chair SPC David Amberson. SPC Amberson is looking for someone who will take the reins and hold a second Ziggurat Con, and has a couple of prospects already.
SPC Amberson noted that a distinct lack of morale was plaguing the troops stationed in Iraq. This was especially true after troops first heard about the three-month extension over the news or from family members as early as two weeks prior to announcements by their own chain of command. To help combat this low morale, Amberson organized the friends he played Dungeons & Dragons with regularly and scheduled a convention to give games, dice, and other goodies to the troops he was stationed with.
As there are no stores near the base where these games can be bought, Ziggurat Con was dependent upon private sponsorship and internet orders. Game manufacturers and private individuals donated supplies, including rule books and dice. A number of groups formed in the United States to collect and ship gaming supplies for the convention. Operation Dice Drop in Oregon is one such group. The ultimate goal of the Con was to give every coalition service member and civilian contractor in attendance at least one item to take home and keep. This was achieved quite easily, and many soldiers even took boxes of goodies with them to their individual living areas
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# Mask (DC Comics)
**The Mask** is a fictional character appearing in DC Comics publications and related media, commonly as a recurring adversary of the superhero Wonder Woman. Created by writer William Moulton Marston and artist Harry G. Peter, the character debuted in 1947 in *Wonder Woman* #24 as the villainous alter-ego of Nina Close, a victim of domestic spousal abuse suffering from dissociative identity disorder. The blonde-haired Nina was timid and quiet, but her alternate personality, the dark-haired Mask, was ruthless, violent and cruel. The Mask\'s primary modus operandi was to trap her victims in grisly BDSM-style torture masks rigged to release acid into their throats unless her demands were met. After DC Comics rebooted its continuity in 1985 (a publication event known as the *Crisis on Infinite Earths*), Wonder Woman and her supporting characters were re-imagined. Though originally absent from this revised mythos, the character was reintroduced in 2007\'s *Wonder Woman* (vol. 3) Annual #1, written by Allan Heinberg and illustrated by Terry Dodson and Rachel Dodson, as a masked anti-hero dispensing violent retribution against men who abuse women. She would get a post-*Rebirth* reformulation by writer/artist Sanya Anwar in 2021\'s *Sensational Wonder Woman* #13-14 as Natalia Close (née Nina Solorzano), a troubled social media personality and influencer who develops the lethal alter-ego of a criminal mastermind named the Mask.
This Mask is distinct from the character of the same name appearing in Dark Horse Comics publications and related media.
## Context
William Moulton Marston, the Mask\'s creator, was a psychologist who conceived many of Wonder Woman\'s Golden Age foes as allegories for psychological and moral motifs, but he also used villain characters to represent mental illness. As such, the Mask (as well as Wonder Woman\'s nemesis the Cheetah, a more recognizable Marston creation debuting four years earlier) illustrated then-current perspectives on what is now understood as dissociative identity disorder. Unlike the Cheetah, whose disassociation was idiopathic, the vicious Golden Age Mask was the product of a very specific trauma: spousal abuse. Contemporary reformulations of the character by writers Allan Heinberg and Sanya Anwar have reflected changing worldviews regarding mental illness, but have maintained the emergence of the Mask persona as a protective response to trauma. Heinberg\'s Mask, like Marston\'s, was an apparent abuse victim. Anwar\'s Mask has a more complex psychological makeup, struggling with several dysfunctional familial relationships and stress related to the upkeep of a seemingly perfect social media persona.
The Mask debuted in *Wonder Woman* #24, which was published in July 1947, shortly after Marston\'s death.
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# Mask (DC Comics)
## Fictional character biography {#fictional_character_biography}
### Pre-Crisis {#pre_crisis}
The Mask was a bold villainess who trapped her prey in rigged trick masks which would release deadly hydrogen cyanide gas into her victims\' mouths unless the masks were unlatched with a special key.
Wonder Woman was drawn into the emotionally intense battles between millionaire industrialist and amateur trekker Brutus Close, his frail and tormented wife Nina, and his associate Fancy Framer one day when she was flying back from Paradise Island and came across a plane in distress. Wonder Woman rescued the woman piloting the plane and landed in her invisible plane\'s hidden hangar, an abandoned barn in the outskirts of Washington, D.C. The woman pilot fled, but Wonder Woman investigated the plane wreckage and discovered a purse belonging to Nina Close.
In her guise as Diana Prince, Wonder Woman delivered the purse to the Close residence, where she immediately realized the frail Nina Close could not possibly be the pilot. While there, she witnessed an argument between Brutus Close and Fancy Framer, bold outdoor adventurer hired to lead Close\'s expeditions. When Close accused Framer of stealing and crashing one of his planes, Framer left and angrily threatened to expose him as a fraud to the press which he so extensively courted.
Diana was called back to the Close residence with word that the Mask had struck. A woman calling herself the Mask has invaded the Close residence and trapped Brutus Close in a fatally rigged mask, demanding \$1 million in exchange for his freedom from the mask. Her ransom note insisted that he deliver the funds to the top of the Empire State Building.
When military intelligence officers Steve Trevor and Diana Prince accompanied Close from Washington to New York to deliver the ransom, they were shocked to see a woman fly by in Wonder Woman\'s invisible plane and lasso Close and the ransom money.
The Mask demanded more money from Close and similarly captured the Holliday College girls, demanding money from military intelligence.
Because her invisible plane had been stolen and used to capture Brutus Close, Wonder Woman deduced that the Mask had to be Fancy Framer, who she assumed to be the pilot of the distressed plane and thus knew the location of the invisible plane. She was shocked to realize that the Mask was really Close\'s wife Nina, a frail and tormented mouse of a woman who had developed a split personality during her marriage to the domineering Brutus Close.
The Mask reappeared in the Silver Age when a magical duplicate of her and several other opponents of the Justice League of America was used in an elaborate plot by the Demons Three to trick the JLA and free themselves. Close herself was still institutionalized at the time.
### Post-Crisis {#post_crisis}
The Mask has reappeared in *Wonder Woman* (vol. 3) Annual #1 as a masked gun-wielding villain. Narrative captions describe her as \"The Mask, an abused wife who murdered her husband and now uses his fortune to empower similarly victimized wives and mothers\".
More recently the Mask returned in the stand-alone series *Sensational Wonder Woman* #7 where she was the socialite wife of a pesticide mogul called Natalia Close. Despite her strong social media following Natalia had low self esteem and suffered a breakdown from the constant media pressure on her as the wife of a powerful business man. She kidnapped her young son, although everybody assumed the two had been taken for ransom. By reading Natalia\'s diary, Wonder Woman tracked her mental decline into her \'Mask\' persona who attempted to kill her neglectful mother in a house fire although Wonder Woman saved her. The Mask then tried to kill here husband by feeding him his new dangerous toxic pesticide but was again stopped by Wonder Woman who managed to also persuade the Mask to give up her son lest he be tied to his mother\'s wrongdoings, but failed to apprehend the Mask herself who escaped.
## Other characters named Mask {#other_characters_named_mask}
Several other characters named Mask have made minor appearances throughout DC history. They have fought Zatara, Spy Smasher, Green Arrow, Mr. Scarlet and Pinky the Whiz Kid, Johnny Quick, Ted Kord, Doll Man, Plastic Man, and Hourman
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# Calvin Johnson
*Pandoc failed*: ```
Error at (line 373, column 4):
unexpected 's'
|- style="text-align:center;
^
``
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# Mark Cronin
**Mark Cronin** is an American television producer and writer.
## Biography
Cronin grew up in the Philadelphia suburb of Upper Darby Township, Pennsylvania. He graduated from Upper Darby High School and the University of Pennsylvania. At the later, he earned a degree in Chemical Engineering and was in the cast of the Mask and Wig Club. He spent five years working as an engineer in research and marketing. His first job in entertainment was moonlighting as a freelance joke writer for an Ace Award-winning news-break spoof on Nick at Nite called *Global Village News*.
Cronin switched careers permanently when he joined Howard Stern\'s nationally syndicated Saturday night television show *The Howard Stern Show* as a staff writer in 1991. His responsibilities expanded to include scripting entire episodes, producing celebrity interviews, and producing comedic field pieces. He went on to contribute to Stern\'s national radio show and serve as producer/writer on his television and video projects, including Stern\'s *New Year\'s Rotten Eve* pay per view special --- the most watched entertainment pay per view event of all time. Cronin also scripted an entire E! Entertainment special for Stern\'s book, *Miss America*.
In 1995, he moved to Los Angeles to become head writer for MTV\'s dating show *Singled Out* with Chris Hardwick and Jenny McCarthy. He eventually was promoted to show-runner for two seasons. In 1996, he joined the Fox network, supervising production for their first prime-time game show, *Big Deal*. In 1997, he returned to late night and served as supervising producer for *The Keenen Ivory Wayans Show*.
In 1997, Cronin founded *Mindless Entertainment* with then-partner Gary Auerbach, who left the company in 2001. The inspiration for the company name came from Cronin\'s mother, who called TV \"that mindless entertainment\".
Mindless\' initial production slate included *The X Show* and *The New Movie Show with Chris Gore* for FX; *Beat the Geeks* for Comedy Central; *America\'s Most Talented Kids* for PAX; and *Cram* and *Extreme Dodgeball* for GSN.
In 2004, Cronin\'s Mindless Entertainment teamed up with Cris Abrego\'s 51 Pictures to form 51 Minds Entertainment --- the company that produced VH1\'s initial lineup of reality television. Anchored by the \"Celebreality\" flagship show *The Surreal Life*, the company went on to create related shows including *Strange Love*, with Flavor Flav and Brigitte Nielsen; *My Fair Brady* with Christopher Knight and Adrianne Curry; *The Surreal Life Fame Games*; *Flavor of Love*; *I Love New York*; and Rock of Love. In 2008, Endemol USA acquired a controlling interest in 51 Minds in a deal reported to be worth upward of \$200 million.
In 2013 Cronin created and produced *Below Deck* for Bravo (which was the channel\'s highest rated, new show premiere of the year), *Ghost Mine* for SyFy Channel (which garnered a second season order), *Cash Dome Pawn* for TruTV, *Heroes of Cosplay* for SyFy Channel, and Scrubbing In for MTV.
In 2014, Cronin began producing under a new banner, Little Wooden Boat Productions. Under Little Wooden Boat, he became executive producer of Idiotest on Game Show Network. Idiotest premiered its fourth season, Thursday, January 19, 2017.
As of 2024, Below Deck has had continued success with its audience and has completed eleven seasons. Season 4 was one of Bravo\'s fastest growing series and season 11 just finished a successful run in early 2024.
With Below Deck\'s popularity, Cronin sold a spin-off show to Bravo called, Below Deck Mediterranean. This series premiered May 3, 2016 and the season\'s ratings permitted Bravo to renew the show for a second season that premiered in 2017
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# Anna Krylov
**Anna Igorevna Krylov** (Russian: Анна Игоревна Крылова) is the USC Associates Chair in Natural Sciences and Professor of Chemistry at the University of Southern California (USC). Working in the field of theoretical and computational quantum chemistry, she is the inventor of the spin-flip method. Krylov is the president of Q-Chem, Inc. and an elected member of the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science, the Academia Europaea, the [American Academy of Sciences and Letters](https://academysciencesletters.org/), and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
## Life and education {#life_and_education}
Born in Donetsk, Ukraine (May 6, 1967), Krylov received her M.Sc. (with honors) in Chemistry from Moscow State University in 1990 and her Ph.D. (summa cum laude) from The Hebrew University of Jerusalem working under the supervision of Professor Robert Benny Gerber. Her Ph.D. research at the Fritz Haber Center focused on molecular dynamics in rare gas clusters and matrices.
## Career
Upon completing her Ph.D. in 1996, Krylov joined the group of Prof. Martin Head-Gordon at the University of California, Berkeley, as a postdoctoral research associate, where she became involved with electronic structure method development. In 1998, she joined the Department of Chemistry at USC.
### Research
Professor Krylov leads the iOpenShell lab, a research group focused on theoretical modeling of open-shell and electronically excited species. She develops robust black-box methods to describe complicated multi-configurational wave functions in single-reference formalisms, such as coupled-cluster and equation-of-motion (or linear response) approaches. She developed the spin-flip approach, which extends coupled-cluster and density functional methods to biradicals, triradicals, and bond-breaking. Krylov has also contributed to the development of molecular orbital concepts in the framework of many-body wave functions and to the extension of molecular orbital theory to the domain of non-linear optical properties and meta-stable electronic states. In addition, Krylov develops many-body theories for describing metastable electronic states (resonances) and tools for spectroscopy modeling, including non-linear optical properties and core-level transitions. Krylov is also known for her development of efficient algorithms and software for quantum chemistry computations. She is one of the developers of the open-source [libtensor](https://github.com/epifanovsky/libtensor) library for many-body calculations and the [Q-Chem](http://www.q-chem.com/) electronic structure package.
Using the tools of computational chemistry, and in collaboration with numerous experimental laboratories, Krylov also investigates the role that radicals and electronically excited species play in such diverse areas as combustion, gas- and condensed-phase chemistry, astrochemistry, solar energy, quantum information storage, bioimaging, and light-induced biological processes. She has authored over 300 publications and has delivered more than 300 invited lectures, including the 2012 Löwdin Lecture at Uppsala University Sweden, the 2013 Coulson Lecture at the University of Georgia, the 2018 Davison Lecture at the University of North Texas, and the [2023 Hans Hellmann Lecture](https://www.uni-marburg.de/de/aktuelles/news/2023/hellmann-lecture2023-krylov) at the [Philipps-Universität Marburg](https://www.uni-marburg.de/en), Germany.
### Science education and outreach {#science_education_and_outreach}
Krylov has developed educational materials ([computational labs](https://www.q-chem.com/learn/) and tutorials) aiming to increase quantum chemistry literacy among chemists. She has also developed films to help popularize science. The two iOpenShell films, *Shine a Light* and *Laser*, have been viewed more than 66,000 times on YouTube since September 2009. In 2015, Krylov delivered a public lecture in the Telluride Science Research Center [Town Talk](https://www.telluridescience.org/for-the-public/telluride-town-talks) series entitled "Molecules and Light: The Story of Life, Death, and our Quest for Knowledge".
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# Anna Krylov
## Career
### Awards
Krylov has received worldwide recognition, in particular for her invention of the spin-flip method. She received the 2007 WATOC (World Association of Theoretical and Computational Chemists) Dirac Medal for her \"outstanding research on new methods in electronic structure theory for the description of bond-breaking, in particular the spin-flip method\", and the Agnes Fay Morgan Research Award, given by Iota Sigma Pi National Honor Society for outstanding research achievements to a woman chemist or biochemist under 40 years of age. She is the recipient of a Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel Research Award from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for developing robust electronic structure methods for open-shell and electronically excited species and creative use of *ab initio* theory to understand the chemistry of biomolecules, reaction intermediates, and photoinduced processes; and the recipient of the 2012 Theoretical Chemistry Award from the Physical Chemistry Division of the American Chemical Society. In addition, she has received the USC Melon Mentoring Award, the Hanna Reisler Mentoring Award from the WiSE program, the USC Phi Kappa Phi Faculty Recognition Award, and the INSIGHT Into Diversity Inspiring Women in STEM Award. In 2017, Krylov was recognized with the Mildred Dresselhaus Award from the Center for Ultrafast Imaging at DESY in Hamburg, Germany. In 2018, she was awarded a Simons Fellowship in Theoretical Physics from the Simons Foundation. In 2019 she received the American Physical Association\'s prestigious [Earle K. Plyler Prize](https://www.aps.org/programs/honors/prizes/prizerecipient.cfm?last_nm=Krylov&first_nm=Anna&year=2020) for Molecular Spectroscopy & Dynamics for her:
> \"innovative work developing high accuracy electronic structure theory to inspire interpretation of spectroscopy of radicals, excited states, and ionization resonances in small molecules, biomolecules, and condensed phase solutes.\"
In 2022, she received the USC Associates Award for Creativity in Research and Scholarship, the highest scholarly award granted by the University. That same year, she received the inaugural Communicator of the Year Award, Science and Mathematics, from the USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences. The award recognized her efforts to inform the scientific community and the general public through writings and speaking engagements of \"the growing influence of politics and moral trends within STEM fields.\" In 2023, Krylov was inducted into the [American Academy of Sciences and Letters](https://academysciencesletters.org/) and awarded the academy\'s inaugural [Barry Prize for Distinguished Intellectual Achievement](https://academysciencesletters.org/awards/).
Krylov is a fellow of the American Physical Society, the American Chemical Society, the Royal Society of Chemistry, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
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# Anna Krylov
## Career
### Professional merit {#professional_merit}
Krylov has served on the editorial boards of numerous peer-review journals, including *Annual Review of Physical Chemistry*, the *Journal of Chemical Physics*, the *Journal of Physical Chemistry*, *Chemical Physics Letters*, the *International Journal of Quantum Chemistry,* *Physical Chemistry--Chemical Physics, Molecular Physics,* and *Wires Computational Molecular Science.* She has served as a guest editor of special issues of J*. Phys. Chem. A* honoring Prof. Benny Gerber and Prof. Hanna Reisler, the special issue of *Chemical Reviews on Theoretical Modeling of Excited-State Processes,* and the special issue of *Physical Chemistry--Chemical Physics on Quantum Information Science.* Currently, she is an associate editor of *Physical Chemistry-Chemical Physics* (RSC) and of *Wires Computational Molecular Science* (Wiley).
Krylov has organized numerous symposia and is a board member of WATOC and the International Society for Theoretical Chemical Physics. She is the president of Q-Chem Inc. and a developer of Q-Chem, one of the world\'s leading *ab initio* quantum chemistry programs. In addition, she is an elected member of the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science, the Academia Europaea, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
In addition to her permanent appointment at USC, Krylov has served as a visiting professor at Caltech, University of Minnesota (Minneapolis), University of Colorado (JILA), Heidelberg University, University of Mainz, University of Groningen, the [Donostia International Physics Center](https://dipc.ehu.eus/en), and the Center of Ultrafast Imaging at DESY in Hamburg.
## Activism
Krylov is active in the promotion of gender equality in STEM fields, especially in theoretical chemistry. She created and maintains the web directory [Women in Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Material Science, and Biochemistry](http://iopenshell.usc.edu/wtc/), which currently lists more than 400 scientists holding tenure and tenure track academic positions, or equivalent positions in industry, national laboratories, and other leading research establishments. She has delivered several talks on gender equality in STEM including a lecture at the international symposium in Uppsala, Sweden.
Krylov is a founding member of the [Academic Freedom Alliance](https://academicfreedom.org) and a member of its [academic leadership committee](https://academicfreedom.org/leadership/). Her paper, \"The Peril of Politicizing Science,\" which \"launched a national conversation among scientists and the general public\" on the growing influence of political ideology over STEM, has received over 100,000 views and, according to Altmetric, was the all-time highest-ranked article in the *Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters*. Her works have been translated into Polish, Estonian, French, and Russian
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# Georges Adwan
**Georges Adwan** (*جورج عدوان*; born 1947) is a lawyer and a Lebanese politician who holds the position of vice-president of the executive committee of the Lebanese Forces party since 2005.
## Early life {#early_life}
Adwan was born in Deir al-Qamar of the Chouf district on September 15, 1947.
He completed his secondary studies at the Marian Brothers School in Jounieh and has a bachelor\'s degree in Lebanese and French Law in the Institute of the Jesuit Fathers of Beirut.
## Career
### Lebanese civil war and Al-Tanzim {#lebanese_civil_war_and_al_tanzim}
Syria\'s military intervention in June 1976, and its tacit endorsement by Georges Adwan (who combined the MoC\'s presidency with that of secretary-general of the Lebanese Front at the time), however, caused the movement to factionalize, splitting into a pro-Syrian element headed by Adwan himself and a radical anti-Syrian majority gathered around Mahfouz and Zouein. An attempted coup orchestrated by Adwan, in which the latter tried to take over the *Tanzim* Dekwaneh\'s military HQ resulted in a deep rift within the organization. Both Mahfouz and Zouein, which opposed Adwan\'s position and behaviour, played a crucial role in preventing further internal bloodshed among the group member\'s (despite the fact that Adwan had murdered Tony Khater, a fellow *Tanzim* member) by regaining control of the movement, and ousting Adwan from the MoC/*Tanzim* leadership board in late that year.
### Politics
He has been an MP in the Lebanese Parliament as a representative of one of the three Maronite seats in Chouf district since the 2005 legislative elections. Adwan was member of the Commanding Council of the Al-Tanzim Resistance during the Lebanese War. In 1989-1990, he was appointed as the official representative of the Lebanese Forces Resistance led by Samir Geagea during the discussions held with General Michel Aoun commanding the Lebanese army. He is also elected for the 2022 Parliamentary Elections in the Chouf
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# Dittaino
The **Dittaino** (Greek: *Χρύσας*; Latin: **Chrysas**) is a river of central Sicily which rises in the Heraean Mountains, not far from the modern towns of Gangi and Enna. It is 105 km long.
After flowing through the territory of Assorus, where its tutelary divinity was worshipped with peculiar honors during the Greek civilization, and afterwards through that of Agyrium, it joins the Simeto in the plain of Catania, about 30 km from its mouth.
## Hydronym
The modern name is the Sicilian version of Arab vocable *Wādī al-tīn*, namely \"The River of Sandstone\"
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# Tseng Lung Hui Kuan
The **Tseng Lung** (**Zeng Long**) **Hui-Kuan** were Malaysian associations for people from Zengcheng (`{{zh|c=增城}}`{=mediawiki}) and Longmen (`{{zh|c=龙门}}`{=mediawiki}) counties of Guangzhou (`{{zh|c=广州}}`{=mediawiki}) prefecture in South China
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# Allan Davis (footballer)
**Allan Davis** (born 29 September 1948) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the St Kilda Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He played as a forward and topped the club\'s goalkicking charts in 1971 and 1973.
Davis was the youngest member of the Saints\' 1966 grand final win. On leaving the Saints in 1976 (after 173 VFL games for 303 goals) he had stints with Melbourne (41 games for 36 goals), Essendon (33 games for 27 goals) and Collingwood (3 games for 1 goal).
He later played in Tasmania with Latrobe in the North Western Football Union, and served as caretaker coach of the Saints for the last four games of 1987 after Darrel Baldock suffered a minor stroke
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# Porphyromonas gingivalis
***Porphyromonas gingivalis*** belongs to the phylum Bacteroidota and is a nonmotile, Gram-negative, rod-shaped, anaerobic, pathogenic bacterium. It forms black colonies on blood agar.
It is found in the oral cavity, where it is implicated in periodontal disease, as well as in the upper gastrointestinal tract, the respiratory tract, and the colon. It has been isolated from women with bacterial vaginosis.
Collagen degradation observed in chronic periodontal disease results in part from the collagenase enzymes of this species. It has been shown in an *in vitro* study that *P. gingivalis* can invade human gingival fibroblasts and can survive in the presence of antibiotics. *P. gingivalis* invades gingival epithelial cells in high numbers, in which case both bacteria and epithelial cells survive for extended periods of time. High levels of specific antibodies can be detected in patients harboring *P. gingivalis*.
*P. gingivalis* infection has been linked to Alzheimer\'s disease and rheumatoid arthritis. It contains the enzyme peptidyl-arginine deiminase, which is involved in citrullination. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis have increased incidence of periodontal disease; antibodies against the bacterium are significantly more common in these patients.
*P. gingivalis* is divided into K-serotypes based upon capsular antigenicity of the various types.
## Genome
The genome of *P. gingivalis* was described in 2003 revealing 1,990 open reading frames (i.e. protein-coding sequences), encoded by 2,343,479 bp, with an average G+C content of 48.3%. An estimated 463 genes are essential.
## Virulence factors {#virulence_factors}
### Gingipain
Arg-gingipain (Rgp) and lys-gingipain (Kgp) are endopeptidase enzymes secreted by *P. gingivalis* through a type IX secretion system (T9SS)*.* These gingipains serve many functions for the organism, contributing to its survival and virulence.
Arg-gingipains have been found to play a key role in the collection of nutrients for *P. gingivalis* survival. Rgp degrades large peptides of the host organism to provide the bacterium with an abundant nitrogen and carbon source from human serum albumin. *P. gingivalis* can also degrade transferrin within host cells which provides the organism with an abundant iron source needed to perform multiple cellular functions.
The gingipains are also responsible for a number of necessary functions related to host invasion and colonization. Rgp gingipains are necessary for adhesion and invasion as they processed precursor proteins of long fimbriae. The *P. gingivalis* genes encoding RgpA, Kgp, and hemagglutinin A (HagA) were strongly expressed after incubation with *T. denticola*. The hemagglutinin adhesion domain-containing proteins act to increase adhesive capacities of *P. gingivalis* with other bacterial species. They are also associated with coordinating the integrity of the biofilm in the developing and maturation phase. Lys- gingipains (Kgp) can bind to immobilized matrix proteins fibrinogen and fibronectin and may have a role in host colonization.
Gingipains also have the ability to degrade multiple signals of the host immune response. They have the ability to cleave subclass 1 and 3 IgG antibodies as well as proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-8 in regions of high *P. gingivalis* concentration, impairing host immune response function. Rgp can inhibit IL-2 accumulation in T-cells, which enables it to evade the host adaptive immune response, by modulating T-cell communication and proliferation.
Gingipains are key factors in tissue damage symptoms of periodontitis, which results from the degradation of matrix metalloproteins, collagen, and fibronectin. Degradation of these substrates interferes with interactions between host cells and the extracellular matrix, therefore impeding wound healing and causing destruction of periodontal tissues. Rgp is responsible for eliciting the host inflammatory response via the p38α MAPK transduction pathway. This response likely contributes to the inflammatory nature of periodontitis and is involved in tissue and bone destruction.
Gingipains have been associated with Alzheimer\'s disease (AD). Gingipains were discovered from TMAs of patients exhibiting AD brain pathology. Both RgpB and Kgp were discovered from hippocampus and cerebral cortex of AD patients and were found to be associated with tau load, a marker for AD pathology and ubiquitin, which accumulates in tau tangles and amyloid beta plaques in AD brain. *P. gingivalis* 16S rRNA was also discovered in the cerebral cortex and csf of AD brains. Pretreatment with gingipain inhibitors protected neuron cell degradation caused by administration of gingipains in murine model.
### Capsular polysaccharide {#capsular_polysaccharide}
The encapsulated strain of *P. gingivalis* is much more virulent than the nonencapsulated strain in a mouse abscess model. The capsule is a capsular polysaccharide and when present down regulates cytokine production especially proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, indicating host evasion responses. However, other studies have found the capsular polysaccharide to elicit host immune responses like neutrophil migration and dose and time dependent expression of cell migration chemokines like MCP-1, KC, MIP-2 and RANTES in capsular polysaccharide-challenged murine peritoneal macrophages. These conditions are likely to contribute to the inflammatory lesions observed in periodontitis.
Vaccines made from capsular polysaccharide of *P. gingivalis* apparently impair oral bone loss in murine models. These vaccines have been able to elicit potent immune responses such as increased IgM and IgG responses that recognize whole *P. gingivalis* organisms.
### Fimbriae
Fimbriae are appendages involved in cellular attachment and greatly contribute to virulence and are found on many Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria.
*P. gingivalis* virulence is heavily associated with fimbriae as they have been characterized to be key factors in adhesion, invasion, and colonization. Fimbriae are also responsible for invasion of membrane vesicles into host cells. They were found to bind to cellular α5β1 integrins, which mediated adherence and impaired the homeostatic controls of host cells. Fimbriae were also found to be associated with modulating β2 integrin adhesive activity for uptake by monocytes using the CD14/TLR2/PI3K signaling complex, which may contribute to intracellular evasion tactics by *P. gingivalis*. *P. gingivalis* has long fimbriae, short fimbriae, and accessory components, each of which have distinct functions.
#### Long fimbriae {#long_fimbriae}
Long fimbriae (FimA), also known as major fimbriae, are long, peritrichous, filamentous components. They have a role in initial attachment and organization of biofilms, as they act as adhesins that mediate invasion and colonization of host cells contributing to *P. gingivalis* virulence.
#### Short fimbriae {#short_fimbriae}
Short fimbriae (Mfa1), also known as minor fimbriae, have distinct roles from long fimbriae and are characterized to be essential for cell-cell auto aggregation and recruitment for microcolony formation. Short fimbriae are involved in cell-cell adhesion with other dental commensals. It was found to `{{not a typo|coadhere}}`{=mediawiki} and develop biofilm in conjunction with *Streptococcus gordonii* by interaction with SspB streptococcal surface polypeptide. This interaction may be essential in the invasion of dentinal tubules by *P. gingivalis*.
#### Accessory fimbriae {#accessory_fimbriae}
Fim C, D, and E accessory components associate with the main FimA protein and have a role in binding with matrix proteins and interaction with CXC-chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). Loss of function experiments have confirmed that *P. gingivalis* mutants deficient for Fim C, D, or E have drastically attenuated virulence.
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# Porphyromonas gingivalis
## Virulence factors {#virulence_factors}
### Evasion of host defenses and immune responses {#evasion_of_host_defenses_and_immune_responses}
*P. gingivalis* has many ways of evading host immune responses, which heightens its virulence. It does this by using a combination of gingipain proteases, a capsular polysaccharide, induction of host cell proliferation, and the cleavage of chemokines responsible for neutrophil recruitment.
Virulent *P. gingivalis* further modulates leukocyte recruitment by proteolysis of cytokines and chemokines that are secreted by the host cells. The arg-gingipain and lys-gingipains are responsible for this proteolysis. In a study using a mouse model, *P. gingivalis* was specifically found to down-regulate IL-8 induction, causing delayed neutrophil recruitment. Prevention of neutrophil recruitment may inhibit the clearance of the bacterium from the site of infection allowing for colonization. *P. gingivalis* is able to evade opsonophagocytosis from granulocytes by using Gingipain K (Kgp) to cleave IgG 1 and 3. This further modulates immune response by impairing signaling. Other studies have found that *P. gingivalis* can subvert the complement pathway through C5αR and C3αR, which modulates the killing capacity of leukocytes, allowing for uncontrolled bacterial growth. *P. gingivalis* was also found to inhibit pro inflammatory and antimicrobial responses in human monocytes and mouse macrophages by fimbrial binding to CXCR4, inducing PKA signaling and inhibiting TLR-2-mediated immune response.
Once in the host cells, *P. gingivalis* is capable of inhibiting apoptosis by modulating the JAK/Stat pathway that controls mitochondrial apoptotic pathways. A proliferative phenotype may be beneficial to the bacterium as it provides nutrients, impairs host cell signaling, and compromises the integrity of the epithelial cell layer, allowing for invasion and colonization.
### Ecology
*P. gingivalis* plays an important role in the onset of chronic adult periodontitis. Though it is found in low abundance in the oral cavity, it causes a microbial shift of the oral cavity, allowing for uncontrolled growth of the commensal microbial community. This leads to periodontitis through the disruption of the host tissue homeostasis and adaptive immune response. After using laser capture microdissection plus qRT-PCR to detect *P. gingivalis* in human biopsies, colocalization of *P. gingivalis* with CD4+ T cells was observed. However, the infection mechanism of T cells by *P. gingivalis* remains unknown.
*P. gingivalis* has been associated with increasing the virulence of other commensal bacteria in both *in vivo* and *in vitro* experiments. *P. gingivalis* outer membrane vesicles were found to be necessary for the invasion of epithelial cells of *Tannerella forsythia*. *P. gingivalis* short fimbriae were found to be necessary for coculture biofilm formation with *Streptococcus gordonii*. Interproximal and horizontal alveolar bone loss in mouse models are seen in coinfections involving *P. gingivalis* and *Treponema denticola*. The role of *P. gingivalis* in periodontitis is studied using specific pathogen-free mouse models of periodontal infections. In these models, *P. gingivalis* inoculation causes significant bone loss, which is a significant characteristic of the disease. In contrast, germ free mice inoculated with a *P. gingivalis* monoinfection incur no bone loss, indicating that *P. gingivalis* alone cannot induce periodontitis.
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# Porphyromonas gingivalis
## Virulence factors {#virulence_factors}
### Pathogenesis and Cardiovascular Comorbidities {#pathogenesis_and_cardiovascular_comorbidities}
While *P. gingivalis* is a part of the typical microbiotic ecosystem of the oral cavity in humans, it can also become pathogenic if provided with sufficient opportunity. When this occurs, the resultant infection is known as gingivitis or periodontitis.
Periodontal disease, which is an infection of the gum tissue driven primarily by *P. gingivalis*, has been theorized to be linked with other systemic diseases, including Alzheimer's, atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases. Though there exists no scientific consensus on the mechanism by which these disease processes are linked, evidence for the connection between periodontal disease and cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis has been found in both statistical study of human populations, and in vivo studies using a mouse model.
It is thought that periodontitis is linked to cardiovascular disease due to inflammation pathways, which the two pathologies have in common. The inflammation pathway of periodontitis is such that as the infection grows, bacteria, including *P. gingivalis* are targeted by neutrophils and natural killer immune cells. These cells phagocytize the bacteria, while simultaneously cytokine molecules in the area lead to a proinflammatory environment. This proinflammatory environment is also rich in intercellular signaling molecules including tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukins (interleukin 1, interleukin 4, interleukin 10), interferons and transforming growth factor beta. These molecules recruit more enzymes and transcription factors, which then in turn recruit more immune cells, forming a positive feedback loop which can make the immune response, and therefore the inflammation become chronic and systemic. Chronic inflammation of gum tissue can lead to a loss of this tissue and of bone tissue as well. The inflammation upregulates production of RANKL, an intercellular signaling molecule that promotes bone tissue dissolution, leading to a gradual loss of bony tissue. *P. gingivalis* infection is also thought to lead to oxidative stress. Both chronic systemic inflammation and oxidative stress are factors associated with the onset of cardiovascular disease, and are proposed mechanisms by which periodontal disease may, if it indeed is causationally linked to cardiovascular disease, accelerate the disease process of a cardiovascular disease.
While invasive *P. gingivalis* is associated with various forms of cardiovascular disease, including stroke, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure, the best evidence of a direct causational link is between invasive *P. gingivalis* (periodontal disease) and atherosclerosis. In vivo and in vitro animal models have found that the fimbriae of *P. gingivalis* promote host cell entry and atherothrombotic lesion formation once the bacteria enter the bloodstream, such as through lesions in the mouth. *P. gingivalis* has been shown to accelerate the atherosclerosis disease pathway in mice, as well as being found in human atherosclerotic plaque lesions
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