bayes-group-diffusion/wiki_auto · Datasets at Hugging Face

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The 747 line was further developed with the launch of the 747-300 in 1980 .	In 1980 , Boeing made the 747-300 .	[]
The first 747-300 , completed in 1983 , included a stretched upper deck , increased cruise speed , and increased seating capacity .	The first 747-300 was made in 1983 .	[]
The -300 variant was previously designated 747SUD for stretched upper deck , then 747-200 SUD , followed by 747EUD , before the 747-300 designation was used .	Then it was called the 747-200 SUD , then the 747EUD , and finally it was called the 747-300 .	[]
In 1985 , development of the longer range 747-400 began .	In 1985 , Boeing began to design the 747-400 .	[]
The variant had a new glass cockpit , which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three , new engines , lighter construction materials , and a redesigned interior .	It also had new engines and a new cabin .	[]
Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400 .	This meant that there were some problems with the first 747-400s .	[]
The -400 entered service in 1989 .	The − 400 began being used by airlines in 1989 . <SEP> The 747-400 was the next-generation Boeing 747 introduced in 1989 .	[]
On November 14 , 2005 , Boeing announced it was launching the 747 Advanced as the Boeing 747-8 .	On November 14 , 2005 , Boeing said it had changed the name of the 747 Advanced to the Boeing 747-8 .	[]
The last 747-400s were completed in 2009 .	The last 747-400s were made in 2009 .	[]
On February 8 , 2010 , the 747-8 Freighter made its maiden flight .	On February 8 , 2010 , the 747-8 Freighter made its first flight .	[]
The first delivery of the 747-8 went to Cargolux in 2011 .	Cargolux got the first 747-8 in 2011 .	[]
The 747-100 was the original variant launched in 1966 .	The 747-100 was the very first type of 747 , which was made in 1966 .	[]
The 747-200 soon followed , with its launch in 1968 .	The 747-200 , the next version , was made in 1968 .	[]
The 747-300 was launched in 1980 and was followed by the 747-400 in 1985 .	The 747-300 was made in 1980 and the 747-400 was made in 1985 .	[]
Ultimately , the 747-8 was announced in 2005 .	The newest version , the 747-8 , was announced in 2005 . <SEP> The most recent variant of the Boeing 747 was announced in 2005 and released on 2011 .	[]
The International Civil Aviation Organization ( ICAO ) classifies variants using a shortened code formed by combining the model number and the variant designator ( e.g. " B741 " for all -100 models ) .	The International Civil Aviation Organization ( ICAO ) names these planes by combining the model number of the plane with its type number .	[]
It has wingtip extensions of 6 ft and winglets of 6 ft , which improve the type 's fuel efficiency by four percent compared to previous 747 versions .	It includes improvements over the 747-300 including new engines , and new winglets , which improve fuel efficiency .	[]
The 747-400 is an improved model with increased range .	Its length is the same as the 747-300 but the wingspan has been increased to 211 feet 5 inches .	[]
The 747-8 Freighter , or 747-8F , is derived from the 747-400ERF .	The 747-8 comes in two variants : 747-8I and 747-8F ( freighter ) .	[]
The 747 was conceived while air travel was increasing in the 1960s .	The idea for the 747 was thought of in the 1960s . <SEP> It was called the 747 .	[]
The era of commercial jet transportation , led by the enormous popularity of the Boeing 707 and Douglas DC-8 , had revolutionized long-distance travel .	Jets like the Boeing 707 and Douglas DC-8 had made it easy to travel long distances .	[]
Even before it lost the CX-HLS contract , Boeing was asked by Juan Trippe , president of Pan American World Airways ( Pan Am ) , one of their most important airline customers , to build a passenger aircraft more than twice the size of the 707 .	Juan Trippe from Pan American World Airways ( Pan Am ) , asked Boeing to build a plane which was more than two times bigger than the Boeing 707 .	[]
In 1965 , Joe Sutter was transferred from Boeing 's 737 development team to manage the design studies for the new airliner , already assigned the model number 747 .	In 1965 , Joe Sutter was told to design this new plane .	[]
Sutter began a design study with Pan Am and other airlines , to better understand their requirements .	Sutter asked Pan Am and other airlines what they would like from the plane .	[]
At the time , it was widely thought that the 747 would eventually be superseded by supersonic transport aircraft .	At the time , it was thought that supersonic aircraft would replace the 747 .	[]
Boeing responded by designing the 747 so that it could be adapted easily to carry freight and remain in production even if sales of the passenger version declined .	Because of this , Boeing made the 747 so that it could easily be turned into a cargo plane if the passenger version became less popular .	[]
In April 1966 , Pan Am ordered 25 747-100 aircraft for US $ 525 million .	In April 1966 , Pan Am bought 25 747-100 planes . <SEP> The order cost US $ 525 million .	[]
As launch customer , and because of its early involvement before placing a formal order , Pan Am was able to influence the design and development of the 747 to an extent unmatched by a single airline before or since .	Since Pan Am was the launch customer , Pan Am had a big say in the design and making of the 747 .	[]
On September 30 , 1968 , the first 747 was rolled out of the Everett assembly building before the world 's press and representatives of the 26 airlines that had ordered the airliner .	On September 30 , 1968 , the first 747 was finished . <SEP> People from the 26 airlines that had ordered the 747 were also there .	[]
Over the following months , preparations were made for the first flight , which took place on February 9 , 1969 , with test pilots Jack Waddell and Brien Wygle at the controls and Jess Wallick at the flight engineer 's station .	The 747 first flew on February 9 , 1969 . <SEP> Its pilots were Jack Waddell and Brien Wygle .	[]
Despite a minor problem with one of the flaps , the flight confirmed that the 747 handled extremely well .	There was a small problem with the flaps , but the 747 handled well . <SEP> The 747 did quite well when it first began to be used .	[]
The flight test program was hampered by problems with the 747 's JT9D engines .	The testing was delayed because of some problems with the JT9D engines .	[]
The problems delayed 747 deliveries for several months ; up to 20 aircraft at the Everett plant were stranded while awaiting engine installation .	This meant that 747s could not be delivered for many more months .	[]
On December 13 , 1969 a test aircraft was being taken to have test equipment removed and a cabin installed when pilot Ralph C. Cokely undershot the airport 's short runway .	On December 13 , 1969 the test plane was being taken to have some changes made to it .	[]
The 747 's right , outer landing gear was torn off and two engine nacelles were damaged .	One of the landing gears was ripped off , and two of the engines were damaged .	[]
However , these difficulties did not prevent Boeing from taking a test aircraft to the 28th Paris Air Show in mid-1969 , where it was displayed to the public for the first time .	However , Boeing took the 747 to the 28th Paris Air Show in mid-1969 .	[]
The 747 entered service on January 22 , 1970 , on Pan Am 's New York – London route ; the flight had been planned for the evening of January 21 , but engine overheating made the original aircraft unusable .	The very first time a 747 was used by an airline was on January 22 , 1970 . <SEP> The flight was supposed to happen on the evening of January 21 .	[]
Although technical problems occurred , they were relatively minor and quickly solved .	There were some problems , but they were quite small and they were fixed quickly .	[]
After the aircraft 's introduction with Pan Am , other airlines that had bought the 747 to stay competitive began to put their own 747s into service .	After Pan Am began to use the plane , other airlines began to use their 747s .	[]
Boeing estimated that half of the early 747 sales were to airlines desiring the aircraft 's long range rather than its payload capacity .	Boeing thought that a lot of 747s would be sold because airlines wanted a plane which could fly for a long time , not because it was so big .	[]
Developing the 747 had been a major challenge , and building its assembly plant was also a huge undertaking .	Designing the 747 was very difficult . <SEP> Building its factory was also not easy .	[]
Boeing president William M. Allen asked Malcolm T. Stamper , then head of the company 's turbine division , to oversee construction of the Everett factory and to start production of the 747 .	Boeing 's president , William M. Allen , asked Malcolm T. Stamper to be in charge of the building of the Everett factory . <SEP> He was also asked to begin building the 747 .	[]
The plant is the largest building by volume ever built , and has been substantially expanded several times to permit construction of other models of Boeing wide-body commercial jets .	The factory is the biggest building ever built ( by volume ) .	[]
The huge cost of developing the 747 and building the Everett factory meant that Boeing had to borrow heavily from a banking syndicate .	Designing the 747 and building the new factory cost a lot of money . <SEP> This meant that Boeing had to borrow a lot of money from a bank .	[]
Ultimately , the gamble succeeded , and Boeing held a monopoly in very large passenger aircraft production for many years .	Just before the first aircraft was finished , Boeing had to keep asking for more money . <SEP> Boeing was the only company to make very big planes for many years .	[]
Allen later said , " It was really too large a project for us . "	Allen said , " It was really too large a project for us . "	[]
Since the arrival of the 747-400 , several stretching schemes for the 747 have been proposed .	Since the 747-400 was made , many more types of 747 have been suggested .	[]
Boeing announced the larger 747-500X and -600X preliminary designs in 1996 .	Boeing said that they would make the 747-500X and -600X in 1996 .	[]
The new variants would have cost more than US $ 5 billion to develop , and interest was not sufficient to launch the program .	These new planes would have cost more than US $ 5 billion to design and make .	[]
In 2000 , Boeing offered the more modest 747X and 747X stretch derivatives as alternatives to the Airbus A3XX .	In 2000 , Boeing said it would make a 747X to rival the Airbus A3XX .	[]
A year later , Boeing switched from the 747X studies to pursue the Sonic Cruiser , and after the Sonic Cruiser program was put on hold , the 787 Dreamliner .	A year later , Boeing began concentrating on the Sonic Cruiser . <SEP> The Sonic Cruiser was stopped , so Boeing then focused on the Boeing 787 Dreamliner .	[]
Some of the ideas developed for the 747X were used on the 747-400ER , a longer range variant of the 747-400 .	Some of the ideas that Boeing had for the 747X were used on the 747-400ER .	[]
However , in early 2004 , Boeing announced tentative plans for the 747 Advanced that were eventually adopted .	In 2004 , Boeing said that it might work on the 747 Advanced .	[]
Similar in nature to the 747-X , the stretched 747 Advanced used technology from the 787 to modernize the design and its systems .	The 747 Advanced used some things from the 787 to make the 747 's design more modern .	[]
The 747 remained the largest passenger airliner in service until the Airbus A380 began airline service in 2007 .	The 747 was the world 's biggest passenger plane until the Airbus A380 was finished in 2007 .	[]
Responding to requests from Japanese airlines for a high-capacity aircraft to serve domestic routes between major cities , Boeing developed the 747SR as a short-range version of the 747-100 with lower fuel capacity and greater payload capability .	After Japanese airlines requested an aircraft to fly routes between major cities in Japan , Boeing produced the -100SR .	[]
The -100SR entered service with JAL , the type 's sole customer , on October 7 , 1973 , and typically operated flights within Japan .	The first -100SR started flying with Japan Air Lines ( JAL ) on October 7 , 1973 .	[]
Seven -100SRs were built between 1973 and 1975 , each with a 520000 lb MTOW and Pratt & Whitney JT9D-7A engines derated to 43000 lbf of thrust .	A total of 7 -100SR were produced .	[]
Following the -100SR , Boeing produced the -100BSR , a 747SR variant with increased takeoff weight capability .	Later , Boeing designed a type of -100SR with the ability of taking off with greater weight . <SEP> This was the -100BSR .	[]
The -100BSR first flew on November 3 , 1978 , with first delivery to All Nippon Airways ( ANA ) on December 21 , 1978 .	It was first delivered to All Nippon Airways ( ANA ) on 21 December 1978 .	[]
A total of twenty -100BSRs were produced for ANA and JAL .	20 -100BSR were delivered to JAL and ANA .	[]
As such , the FARC has been classified as a terrorist organization by the governments of Colombia , ( since 1997 ) the United States , Canada , Chile , ( since 2010 ) New Zealand , and ( until 2016 ) the European Union ; whereas the governments of Venezuela , Brazil , Argentina , Ecuador , and Nicaragua do not .	have classified the organisation as a terrorist group . <SEP> Other countries , such as Ecuador , Brazil , Argentina , Chile , Cuba and Venezuela do not see the group as terrorist .	[]
In 2008 , Venezuelan President Hugo Cha ́ vez expressed his disagreement with FARC-EP 's resorting to kidnappings .	Venezuelan President Hugo Cha ́ vez , for example , publicly rejected this classification of " terrorists " in January of 2008 .	[]
In 1964 , the FARC – EP was established as the military wing of the Colombian Communist Party ( Partido Comunista Colombiano , PCC ) , after the Colombian military attacked rural communist enclaves in the aftermath of " The Violence " ( La Violencia , ca . 1948 – 58 ) .	The FARC was established in the 1960s as the military wing of the Colombian Communist Party .	[]
According to the Colombian government , FARC – EP had an estimated 6,000 – 8,000 members in 2008 , down from 16,000 in 2001 , and lost much of its fighting force since President A ́ lvaro Uribe took office in 2002 .	According to the Colombian government , FARC has an estimated 6,000-8,000 members in 2008 , down from 16,000 in 2001 .	[]
In 2007 , FARC – EP Commander Rau ́ l Reyes claimed that their force consisted of 18,000 guerrillas .	Other estimates are higher , including up to 18,000 guerrillas , with the FARC themselves claiming in a 2007 interview that they have not been weakened .	[]
As a measure , fertility rate is the number of offspring born per mating pair , individual or population .	As a measure , fertility rate is the number of children born per couple , or person or population .	[]
Fertility differs from fecundity , which is defined as the " potential " for reproduction ( influenced by gamete production , fertilization and carrying a pregnancy to term ) .	This is different to fecundity . <SEP> This is defined as the " potential " for reproduction ( influenced by gamete production , fertilisation and carrying a pregnancy to term .	[]
A lack of fertility is infertility while a lack of fecundity would be called sterility .	Infertility is a deficient fertility .	[]
The average age of menarche in the United States is about 12.5 years .	In the United States , the average age of menarche ( first period ) is about 12.5 years .	[]
In postmenarchal girls , about 80 % of the cycles are anovulatory ( ovulation does not actually take place ) in the first year after menarche , 50 % in the third and 10 % in the sixth year .	However , in most girls , menarche does not signal that ovulation has occurred . <SEP> In postmenarchal girls , about 80 % of the cycles are anovulatory in the first year after menarche , 50 % in the third and 10 % in the sixth year .	[]
Fertility declines with age in both sexes .	Women 's fertility peaks between ages 22 – 26 , and after 35 it starts to sharply decline . <SEP> As a woman gets older , her fertility declines .	[]
Infertility primarily refers to the biological inability of a person to contribute to conception .	When a person is infertile it means that they are unable to have a child naturally .	[]
Infertility may also refer to the state of a woman who is unable to carry a pregnancy to full term .	Infertility is define as the inability to fall pregnant or carry a pregnancy until birth after 12 months or more of unprotected sex .	[]
There are many biological causes of infertility , including some that medical intervention can treat .	There are many causes of infertility some of them can be treated ..	[]
In the United States – based National Center For Transgender Equality 's 2011 survey , 19 % had been refused medical care due to their transgender or gender non-conforming status , showing that refusal of treatment due to transphobia is not uncommon .	In the National Transgender Discrimination Survey 19 % had become homeless at some time in their lives because they were transgender .	[]
During the 12 months prior to the survey , 30 % of employed transgender people were either fired or mistreated for being transgender , from verbal abuse to sexual violence .	It found that 26 % of transgender people had been fired for being transgender .	[]
The transgender community faces huge amount of employment discrimination due to their gender identity , and there are very few laws that protect the employment rights of this community .	Transgender people are not protected against employment discrimination under US law .	[]
10 % had been sexually assaulted during the previous year , and 47 % had been sexually assaulted at some point in their life .	10 % were sexually assaulted at work .	[]
Tomaz ̌ Pengov ( 1949 – 10 February 2014 ) was a Slovenian singer-songwriter , guitarist , lutist , and poet .	Tomaz ̌ Pengov ( 1949 – 10 February 2014 ) was a Slovenian singer-songwriter , musician and poet . <SEP> Pengov died after a short illness on 10 February 2014 in his hometown of Ljubljana .	[]
Pengov sang and played the lute , steel-string acoustic guitar and twelve-string guitar .	He played a 12-stringed acoustic guitar and lute .	[]
He was born in Ljubljana , Slovenia , then part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia .	He was born in Ljubljana , then part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia .	[]
Bruce Vincent Rauner ( ; born February 18 , 1956 ) is an American businessman , philanthropist , and politician who served as the 42nd governor of Illinois , from 2015 to 2019 .	Bruce Vincent Rauner ( born February 18 , 1957 ) is an American businessman and politician . <SEP> He was the 42nd Governor of Illinois from 2015 to 2019 .	[]
He was the Republican nominee in the 2014 Illinois gubernatorial election and defeated Democratic incumbent Pat Quinn by 50.3 % to 46.4 % .	He defeated Pat Quinn on November 4 , 2014 .	[]
Prior to his election , he was the chairman of R8 Capital Partners and chairman of the private equity firm GTCR , based in Chicago .	Rauner is the Chairman of R8 Capital Partners and the former Chairman of the private equity firm GTCR .	[]
After surviving a challenge in the Republican primary from State Representative Jeanne Ives , Rauner lost reelection in 2018 to Democratic challenger J. B. Pritzker .	Rauner ran for re-election in the 2018 election , but lost to Democrat billionaire J. B. Pritzker .	[]
Grady Edgebert Hatton Jr . ( October 7 , 1922 April 11 , 2013 ) was an American baseball player , coach , manager and executive .	Grady Edgebert Hatton Jr . ( October 7 , 1922 – April 11 , 2013 ) was an American baseball player , coach , manager and executive .	[]
Although the bulk of his playing career was as the third baseman and second baseman of the Cincinnati Reds , Hatton is most identified with his native Texas : he was born in Beaumont , attended the University of Texas at Austin , managed minor league teams in Houston and San Antonio , and was an important contributor to the early years of Major League Baseball 's Houston Astros .	Although the bulk of his playing career was as the third baseman and second baseman of the Cincinnati Reds , he also played for the Chicago Cubs and with the Chicago White Sox . <SEP> Hatton was born in Beaumont , Texas .	[]
Hatton died from natural causes on April 11 , 2013 .	Hatton died on April , 11 , 2013 in his home in Warren , Texas from natural causes , aged 90 .	[]
Artibonite is one of the ten departments of Haiti .	Artibonite is one of the ten departments ( French : " de ́ partments " , singular " de ́ partment " ) of Haiti .	[]
The name L 'Artibonite is derived from the Artibonite River .	It is named Artibonite because the Artibonite river flows across the department from east to west .	[]
The main cities are Gonai ̈ ves ( the capital ) and Saint-Marc .	Its capital is Gonai ̈ ves .	[]
With an area of 4,887 km it is Haiti 's largest department .	The " De ́ partment de l 'Artibonite " , with an area of 4,895 km2 , is the largest department of Haiti .	[]
Her debut novel , " White Teeth " ( 2000 ) , immediately became a best-seller and won a number of awards .	Her first novel was called " White Teeth " . <SEP> It immediately became a best-seller and won awards .	[]
Her most recent book is " Feel Free " ( 2018 ) , a collection of essays .	Her most recent book is " Feel Free " ( 2018 ) .	[]
Smith 's de ́ but novel " White Teeth " was introduced to the publishing world in 1997 , before it was completed .	Smith 's first novel " White Teeth " was introduced to the publishing world in 1997 , before it was completed .	[]
On the basis of a partial manuscript , an auction for the rights was begun ; Hamish Hamilton won .	Publishers saw part of the manuscript and an auction for the rights started .	[]
Published in 2000 , the novel immediately became a best-seller .	It was published in 2000 . <SEP> The novel immediately became a best-seller .	[]
It was praised internationally and won a number of awards , among them the James Tait Black Memorial Prize , and the Betty Trask Award .	It was praised internationally and won awards , including : the James Tait Black Memorial Prize , and the Betty Trask Award .	[]
Smith served as writer-in-residence at the ICA in London and subsequently published , as editor , an anthology of sex writing , " Piece of Flesh " , as the culmination of this role .	Smith was writer-in-residence at the ICA in London and later published , as editor , an anthology of sex writing , " Piece of Flesh " , as the main work of this job .	[]

The 747 line was further developed with the launch of the 747-300 in 1980 .

In 1980 , Boeing made the 747-300 .

[]

The first 747-300 , completed in 1983 , included a stretched upper deck , increased cruise speed , and increased seating capacity .

The first 747-300 was made in 1983 .

[]

The -300 variant was previously designated 747SUD for stretched upper deck , then 747-200 SUD , followed by 747EUD , before the 747-300 designation was used .

Then it was called the 747-200 SUD , then the 747EUD , and finally it was called the 747-300 .

[]

In 1985 , development of the longer range 747-400 began .

In 1985 , Boeing began to design the 747-400 .

[]

The variant had a new glass cockpit , which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three , new engines , lighter construction materials , and a redesigned interior .

It also had new engines and a new cabin .

[]

Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400 .

This meant that there were some problems with the first 747-400s .

[]

The -400 entered service in 1989 .

The − 400 began being used by airlines in 1989 . <SEP> The 747-400 was the next-generation Boeing 747 introduced in 1989 .

[]

On November 14 , 2005 , Boeing announced it was launching the 747 Advanced as the Boeing 747-8 .

On November 14 , 2005 , Boeing said it had changed the name of the 747 Advanced to the Boeing 747-8 .

[]

The last 747-400s were completed in 2009 .

The last 747-400s were made in 2009 .

[]

On February 8 , 2010 , the 747-8 Freighter made its maiden flight .

On February 8 , 2010 , the 747-8 Freighter made its first flight .

[]

The first delivery of the 747-8 went to Cargolux in 2011 .

Cargolux got the first 747-8 in 2011 .

[]

The 747-100 was the original variant launched in 1966 .

The 747-100 was the very first type of 747 , which was made in 1966 .

[]

The 747-200 soon followed , with its launch in 1968 .

The 747-200 , the next version , was made in 1968 .

[]

The 747-300 was launched in 1980 and was followed by the 747-400 in 1985 .

The 747-300 was made in 1980 and the 747-400 was made in 1985 .

[]

Ultimately , the 747-8 was announced in 2005 .

The newest version , the 747-8 , was announced in 2005 . <SEP> The most recent variant of the Boeing 747 was announced in 2005 and released on 2011 .

[]

The International Civil Aviation Organization ( ICAO ) classifies variants using a shortened code formed by combining the model number and the variant designator ( e.g. " B741 " for all -100 models ) .

The International Civil Aviation Organization ( ICAO ) names these planes by combining the model number of the plane with its type number .

[]

It has wingtip extensions of 6 ft and winglets of 6 ft , which improve the type 's fuel efficiency by four percent compared to previous 747 versions .

It includes improvements over the 747-300 including new engines , and new winglets , which improve fuel efficiency .

[]

The 747-400 is an improved model with increased range .

Its length is the same as the 747-300 but the wingspan has been increased to 211 feet 5 inches .

[]

The 747-8 Freighter , or 747-8F , is derived from the 747-400ERF .

The 747-8 comes in two variants : 747-8I and 747-8F ( freighter ) .

[]

The 747 was conceived while air travel was increasing in the 1960s .

The idea for the 747 was thought of in the 1960s . <SEP> It was called the 747 .

[]

The era of commercial jet transportation , led by the enormous popularity of the Boeing 707 and Douglas DC-8 , had revolutionized long-distance travel .

Jets like the Boeing 707 and Douglas DC-8 had made it easy to travel long distances .

[]

Even before it lost the CX-HLS contract , Boeing was asked by Juan Trippe , president of Pan American World Airways ( Pan Am ) , one of their most important airline customers , to build a passenger aircraft more than twice the size of the 707 .

Juan Trippe from Pan American World Airways ( Pan Am ) , asked Boeing to build a plane which was more than two times bigger than the Boeing 707 .

[]

In 1965 , Joe Sutter was transferred from Boeing 's 737 development team to manage the design studies for the new airliner , already assigned the model number 747 .

In 1965 , Joe Sutter was told to design this new plane .

[]

Sutter began a design study with Pan Am and other airlines , to better understand their requirements .

Sutter asked Pan Am and other airlines what they would like from the plane .

[]

At the time , it was widely thought that the 747 would eventually be superseded by supersonic transport aircraft .

At the time , it was thought that supersonic aircraft would replace the 747 .

[]

Boeing responded by designing the 747 so that it could be adapted easily to carry freight and remain in production even if sales of the passenger version declined .

Because of this , Boeing made the 747 so that it could easily be turned into a cargo plane if the passenger version became less popular .

[]

In April 1966 , Pan Am ordered 25 747-100 aircraft for US $ 525 million .

In April 1966 , Pan Am bought 25 747-100 planes . <SEP> The order cost US $ 525 million .

[]

As launch customer , and because of its early involvement before placing a formal order , Pan Am was able to influence the design and development of the 747 to an extent unmatched by a single airline before or since .

Since Pan Am was the launch customer , Pan Am had a big say in the design and making of the 747 .

[]

On September 30 , 1968 , the first 747 was rolled out of the Everett assembly building before the world 's press and representatives of the 26 airlines that had ordered the airliner .

On September 30 , 1968 , the first 747 was finished . <SEP> People from the 26 airlines that had ordered the 747 were also there .

[]

Over the following months , preparations were made for the first flight , which took place on February 9 , 1969 , with test pilots Jack Waddell and Brien Wygle at the controls and Jess Wallick at the flight engineer 's station .

The 747 first flew on February 9 , 1969 . <SEP> Its pilots were Jack Waddell and Brien Wygle .

[]

Despite a minor problem with one of the flaps , the flight confirmed that the 747 handled extremely well .

There was a small problem with the flaps , but the 747 handled well . <SEP> The 747 did quite well when it first began to be used .

[]

The flight test program was hampered by problems with the 747 's JT9D engines .

The testing was delayed because of some problems with the JT9D engines .

[]

The problems delayed 747 deliveries for several months ; up to 20 aircraft at the Everett plant were stranded while awaiting engine installation .

This meant that 747s could not be delivered for many more months .

[]

On December 13 , 1969 a test aircraft was being taken to have test equipment removed and a cabin installed when pilot Ralph C. Cokely undershot the airport 's short runway .

On December 13 , 1969 the test plane was being taken to have some changes made to it .

[]

The 747 's right , outer landing gear was torn off and two engine nacelles were damaged .

One of the landing gears was ripped off , and two of the engines were damaged .

[]

However , these difficulties did not prevent Boeing from taking a test aircraft to the 28th Paris Air Show in mid-1969 , where it was displayed to the public for the first time .

However , Boeing took the 747 to the 28th Paris Air Show in mid-1969 .

[]

The 747 entered service on January 22 , 1970 , on Pan Am 's New York – London route ; the flight had been planned for the evening of January 21 , but engine overheating made the original aircraft unusable .

The very first time a 747 was used by an airline was on January 22 , 1970 . <SEP> The flight was supposed to happen on the evening of January 21 .

[]

Although technical problems occurred , they were relatively minor and quickly solved .

There were some problems , but they were quite small and they were fixed quickly .

[]

After the aircraft 's introduction with Pan Am , other airlines that had bought the 747 to stay competitive began to put their own 747s into service .

After Pan Am began to use the plane , other airlines began to use their 747s .

[]

Boeing estimated that half of the early 747 sales were to airlines desiring the aircraft 's long range rather than its payload capacity .

Boeing thought that a lot of 747s would be sold because airlines wanted a plane which could fly for a long time , not because it was so big .

[]

Developing the 747 had been a major challenge , and building its assembly plant was also a huge undertaking .

Designing the 747 was very difficult . <SEP> Building its factory was also not easy .

[]

Boeing president William M. Allen asked Malcolm T. Stamper , then head of the company 's turbine division , to oversee construction of the Everett factory and to start production of the 747 .

Boeing 's president , William M. Allen , asked Malcolm T. Stamper to be in charge of the building of the Everett factory . <SEP> He was also asked to begin building the 747 .

[]

The plant is the largest building by volume ever built , and has been substantially expanded several times to permit construction of other models of Boeing wide-body commercial jets .

The factory is the biggest building ever built ( by volume ) .

[]

The huge cost of developing the 747 and building the Everett factory meant that Boeing had to borrow heavily from a banking syndicate .

Designing the 747 and building the new factory cost a lot of money . <SEP> This meant that Boeing had to borrow a lot of money from a bank .

[]

Ultimately , the gamble succeeded , and Boeing held a monopoly in very large passenger aircraft production for many years .

Just before the first aircraft was finished , Boeing had to keep asking for more money . <SEP> Boeing was the only company to make very big planes for many years .

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Allen later said , " It was really too large a project for us . "

Allen said , " It was really too large a project for us . "

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Since the arrival of the 747-400 , several stretching schemes for the 747 have been proposed .

Since the 747-400 was made , many more types of 747 have been suggested .

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Boeing announced the larger 747-500X and -600X preliminary designs in 1996 .

Boeing said that they would make the 747-500X and -600X in 1996 .

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The new variants would have cost more than US $ 5 billion to develop , and interest was not sufficient to launch the program .

These new planes would have cost more than US $ 5 billion to design and make .

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In 2000 , Boeing offered the more modest 747X and 747X stretch derivatives as alternatives to the Airbus A3XX .

In 2000 , Boeing said it would make a 747X to rival the Airbus A3XX .

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A year later , Boeing switched from the 747X studies to pursue the Sonic Cruiser , and after the Sonic Cruiser program was put on hold , the 787 Dreamliner .

A year later , Boeing began concentrating on the Sonic Cruiser . <SEP> The Sonic Cruiser was stopped , so Boeing then focused on the Boeing 787 Dreamliner .

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Some of the ideas developed for the 747X were used on the 747-400ER , a longer range variant of the 747-400 .

Some of the ideas that Boeing had for the 747X were used on the 747-400ER .

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However , in early 2004 , Boeing announced tentative plans for the 747 Advanced that were eventually adopted .

In 2004 , Boeing said that it might work on the 747 Advanced .

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Similar in nature to the 747-X , the stretched 747 Advanced used technology from the 787 to modernize the design and its systems .

The 747 Advanced used some things from the 787 to make the 747 's design more modern .

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The 747 remained the largest passenger airliner in service until the Airbus A380 began airline service in 2007 .

The 747 was the world 's biggest passenger plane until the Airbus A380 was finished in 2007 .

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Responding to requests from Japanese airlines for a high-capacity aircraft to serve domestic routes between major cities , Boeing developed the 747SR as a short-range version of the 747-100 with lower fuel capacity and greater payload capability .

After Japanese airlines requested an aircraft to fly routes between major cities in Japan , Boeing produced the -100SR .

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The -100SR entered service with JAL , the type 's sole customer , on October 7 , 1973 , and typically operated flights within Japan .

The first -100SR started flying with Japan Air Lines ( JAL ) on October 7 , 1973 .

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Seven -100SRs were built between 1973 and 1975 , each with a 520000 lb MTOW and Pratt & Whitney JT9D-7A engines derated to 43000 lbf of thrust .

A total of 7 -100SR were produced .

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Following the -100SR , Boeing produced the -100BSR , a 747SR variant with increased takeoff weight capability .

Later , Boeing designed a type of -100SR with the ability of taking off with greater weight . <SEP> This was the -100BSR .

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The -100BSR first flew on November 3 , 1978 , with first delivery to All Nippon Airways ( ANA ) on December 21 , 1978 .

It was first delivered to All Nippon Airways ( ANA ) on 21 December 1978 .

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A total of twenty -100BSRs were produced for ANA and JAL .

20 -100BSR were delivered to JAL and ANA .

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As such , the FARC has been classified as a terrorist organization by the governments of Colombia , ( since 1997 ) the United States , Canada , Chile , ( since 2010 ) New Zealand , and ( until 2016 ) the European Union ; whereas the governments of Venezuela , Brazil , Argentina , Ecuador , and Nicaragua do not .

have classified the organisation as a terrorist group . <SEP> Other countries , such as Ecuador , Brazil , Argentina , Chile , Cuba and Venezuela do not see the group as terrorist .

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In 2008 , Venezuelan President Hugo Cha ́ vez expressed his disagreement with FARC-EP 's resorting to kidnappings .

Venezuelan President Hugo Cha ́ vez , for example , publicly rejected this classification of " terrorists " in January of 2008 .

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In 1964 , the FARC – EP was established as the military wing of the Colombian Communist Party ( Partido Comunista Colombiano , PCC ) , after the Colombian military attacked rural communist enclaves in the aftermath of " The Violence " ( La Violencia , ca . 1948 – 58 ) .

The FARC was established in the 1960s as the military wing of the Colombian Communist Party .

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According to the Colombian government , FARC – EP had an estimated 6,000 – 8,000 members in 2008 , down from 16,000 in 2001 , and lost much of its fighting force since President A ́ lvaro Uribe took office in 2002 .

According to the Colombian government , FARC has an estimated 6,000-8,000 members in 2008 , down from 16,000 in 2001 .

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In 2007 , FARC – EP Commander Rau ́ l Reyes claimed that their force consisted of 18,000 guerrillas .

Other estimates are higher , including up to 18,000 guerrillas , with the FARC themselves claiming in a 2007 interview that they have not been weakened .

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As a measure , fertility rate is the number of offspring born per mating pair , individual or population .

As a measure , fertility rate is the number of children born per couple , or person or population .

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Fertility differs from fecundity , which is defined as the " potential " for reproduction ( influenced by gamete production , fertilization and carrying a pregnancy to term ) .

This is different to fecundity . <SEP> This is defined as the " potential " for reproduction ( influenced by gamete production , fertilisation and carrying a pregnancy to term .

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A lack of fertility is infertility while a lack of fecundity would be called sterility .

Infertility is a deficient fertility .

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The average age of menarche in the United States is about 12.5 years .

In the United States , the average age of menarche ( first period ) is about 12.5 years .

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In postmenarchal girls , about 80 % of the cycles are anovulatory ( ovulation does not actually take place ) in the first year after menarche , 50 % in the third and 10 % in the sixth year .

However , in most girls , menarche does not signal that ovulation has occurred . <SEP> In postmenarchal girls , about 80 % of the cycles are anovulatory in the first year after menarche , 50 % in the third and 10 % in the sixth year .

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Fertility declines with age in both sexes .

Women 's fertility peaks between ages 22 – 26 , and after 35 it starts to sharply decline . <SEP> As a woman gets older , her fertility declines .

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Infertility primarily refers to the biological inability of a person to contribute to conception .

When a person is infertile it means that they are unable to have a child naturally .

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Infertility may also refer to the state of a woman who is unable to carry a pregnancy to full term .

Infertility is define as the inability to fall pregnant or carry a pregnancy until birth after 12 months or more of unprotected sex .

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There are many biological causes of infertility , including some that medical intervention can treat .

There are many causes of infertility some of them can be treated ..

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In the United States – based National Center For Transgender Equality 's 2011 survey , 19 % had been refused medical care due to their transgender or gender non-conforming status , showing that refusal of treatment due to transphobia is not uncommon .

In the National Transgender Discrimination Survey 19 % had become homeless at some time in their lives because they were transgender .

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During the 12 months prior to the survey , 30 % of employed transgender people were either fired or mistreated for being transgender , from verbal abuse to sexual violence .

It found that 26 % of transgender people had been fired for being transgender .

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The transgender community faces huge amount of employment discrimination due to their gender identity , and there are very few laws that protect the employment rights of this community .

Transgender people are not protected against employment discrimination under US law .

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10 % had been sexually assaulted during the previous year , and 47 % had been sexually assaulted at some point in their life .

10 % were sexually assaulted at work .

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Tomaz ̌ Pengov ( 1949 – 10 February 2014 ) was a Slovenian singer-songwriter , guitarist , lutist , and poet .

Tomaz ̌ Pengov ( 1949 – 10 February 2014 ) was a Slovenian singer-songwriter , musician and poet . <SEP> Pengov died after a short illness on 10 February 2014 in his hometown of Ljubljana .

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Pengov sang and played the lute , steel-string acoustic guitar and twelve-string guitar .

He played a 12-stringed acoustic guitar and lute .

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He was born in Ljubljana , Slovenia , then part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia .

He was born in Ljubljana , then part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia .

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Bruce Vincent Rauner ( ; born February 18 , 1956 ) is an American businessman , philanthropist , and politician who served as the 42nd governor of Illinois , from 2015 to 2019 .

Bruce Vincent Rauner ( born February 18 , 1957 ) is an American businessman and politician . <SEP> He was the 42nd Governor of Illinois from 2015 to 2019 .

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He was the Republican nominee in the 2014 Illinois gubernatorial election and defeated Democratic incumbent Pat Quinn by 50.3 % to 46.4 % .

He defeated Pat Quinn on November 4 , 2014 .

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Prior to his election , he was the chairman of R8 Capital Partners and chairman of the private equity firm GTCR , based in Chicago .

Rauner is the Chairman of R8 Capital Partners and the former Chairman of the private equity firm GTCR .

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After surviving a challenge in the Republican primary from State Representative Jeanne Ives , Rauner lost reelection in 2018 to Democratic challenger J. B. Pritzker .

Rauner ran for re-election in the 2018 election , but lost to Democrat billionaire J. B. Pritzker .

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Grady Edgebert Hatton Jr . ( October 7 , 1922 April 11 , 2013 ) was an American baseball player , coach , manager and executive .

Grady Edgebert Hatton Jr . ( October 7 , 1922 – April 11 , 2013 ) was an American baseball player , coach , manager and executive .

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Although the bulk of his playing career was as the third baseman and second baseman of the Cincinnati Reds , Hatton is most identified with his native Texas : he was born in Beaumont , attended the University of Texas at Austin , managed minor league teams in Houston and San Antonio , and was an important contributor to the early years of Major League Baseball 's Houston Astros .

Although the bulk of his playing career was as the third baseman and second baseman of the Cincinnati Reds , he also played for the Chicago Cubs and with the Chicago White Sox . <SEP> Hatton was born in Beaumont , Texas .

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Hatton died from natural causes on April 11 , 2013 .

Hatton died on April , 11 , 2013 in his home in Warren , Texas from natural causes , aged 90 .

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Artibonite is one of the ten departments of Haiti .

Artibonite is one of the ten departments ( French : " de ́ partments " , singular " de ́ partment " ) of Haiti .

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The name L 'Artibonite is derived from the Artibonite River .

It is named Artibonite because the Artibonite river flows across the department from east to west .

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The main cities are Gonai ̈ ves ( the capital ) and Saint-Marc .

Its capital is Gonai ̈ ves .

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With an area of 4,887 km it is Haiti 's largest department .

The " De ́ partment de l 'Artibonite " , with an area of 4,895 km2 , is the largest department of Haiti .

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Her debut novel , " White Teeth " ( 2000 ) , immediately became a best-seller and won a number of awards .

Her first novel was called " White Teeth " . <SEP> It immediately became a best-seller and won awards .

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Her most recent book is " Feel Free " ( 2018 ) , a collection of essays .

Her most recent book is " Feel Free " ( 2018 ) .

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Smith 's de ́ but novel " White Teeth " was introduced to the publishing world in 1997 , before it was completed .

Smith 's first novel " White Teeth " was introduced to the publishing world in 1997 , before it was completed .

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On the basis of a partial manuscript , an auction for the rights was begun ; Hamish Hamilton won .

Publishers saw part of the manuscript and an auction for the rights started .

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Published in 2000 , the novel immediately became a best-seller .

It was published in 2000 . <SEP> The novel immediately became a best-seller .

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It was praised internationally and won a number of awards , among them the James Tait Black Memorial Prize , and the Betty Trask Award .

It was praised internationally and won awards , including : the James Tait Black Memorial Prize , and the Betty Trask Award .

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Smith served as writer-in-residence at the ICA in London and subsequently published , as editor , an anthology of sex writing , " Piece of Flesh " , as the culmination of this role .

Smith was writer-in-residence at the ICA in London and later published , as editor , an anthology of sex writing , " Piece of Flesh " , as the main work of this job .

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