bayes-group-diffusion/wiki_auto · Datasets at Hugging Face

source stringlengths 13 2.78k	target stringlengths 13 2.23k	references listlengths 0 0
Pinatubo was heavily eroded , inconspicuous and obscured from view .	Before 1991 the volcano was inconspicuous and heavily eroded .	[]
It was covered with dense forests which supported a population of several thousand indigenous Aetas .	It was covered with dense forest , and several thousand indigenous people lived there .	[]
The effects of the eruption were felt worldwide .	Mount Pinatubo 's eruption effects were felt worldwide .	[]
Tropical forests cover a large part of the globe , but temperate rainforests only occur in few regions around the world .	Tropical rainforests occur in three major geographical areas around the world .	[]
Temperate rainforests are rainforests in temperate regions .	A less-used term is temperate rainforest .	[]
The forest floor , the bottom-most layer , receives only 2 % of the sunlight .	The bottom most layer receives 2 % of the sunlight .	[]
The understory or understorey layer lies between the canopy and the forest floor .	The understory layer lies between the canopy and forest floor . <SEP> Under the tall canopy is the " understory " .	[]
It is home to a number of birds , snakes and lizards , as well as predators such as jaguars , boa constrictors and leopards .	It is a home to a number of birds , snakes and lizards as well as predators such as jaguars and leopards .	[]
The leaves are much larger at this level and insect life is abundant .	The leaves are much bigger at this level and insect life is abundant .	[]
This layer can be called a " shrub layer " , although the shrub layer may also be considered a separate layer .	The next layer is called the shrub layer , and has mainly bushes .	[]
Eagles , butterflies , bats and certain monkeys inhabit this layer .	Many kinds of monkeys , birds , and insects live in the layer .	[]
Epiphytic plants attach to trunks and branches , and obtain water and minerals from rain and debris that collects on the supporting plants .	In the humid rainforest , they collect water from the rain that falls on them .	[]
Riboflavin is in the vitamin B group .	Riboflavin is one of the B vitamins ( vitamin B ) .	[]
Riboflavin , also known as vitamin B , is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement .	Without riboflavin and the other B vitamins people 's bodies can not use fats , carbohydrates , and proteins . <SEP> A lot of the riboflavin that people make , they use in vitamin pills .	[]
Riboflavin is added to baby foods , breakfast cereals , pastas and vitamin-enriched meal replacement products .	To prevent riboflavin deficiency , people may add riboflavin to baby foods , breakfast cereals , pasta , sauces , fruit drinks , and foods such as cheese that are made from milk ( dairy products ) .	[]
Hereditary monarchy is a form of government and succession of power in which the throne passes from one member of a royal family to another member of the same family .	A hereditary monarchy is a type of government where a monarch ( usually a king or queen ) becomes the monarch because he or she is related to the last monarch . <SEP> In a hereditary monarchy , all the monarchs come from the same family , and the crown is passed down from one member of the family to another .	[]
It is historically the most common type of monarchy and remains the dominant form in extant monarchies .	It is the most common sort of monarchy , and is the form used by almost all of the world 's monarchies today .	[]
Theoretically , when the king or queen of a hereditary monarchy dies or abdicates , the crown typically passes to the next generation of the family .	When the king or queen of a hereditary monarchy dies or quits the throne ( abdicates ) , the crown is generally passed to one of his or her children , often to the oldest .	[]
If no qualified child exists , the crown may pass to a brother , sister , nephew , niece , cousin , or other relative , in accordance with a predefined order of succession , often enshrined in legislation .	When that child dies , the crown will be then passed to his or her child , or , if he or she has no child , to a sister , brother , niece , nephew , cousin , or some other relative .	[]
In most extant hereditary monarchies , the typical order of succession uses some form of primogeniture , but there exist other methods such as seniority and tanistry ( in which an heir-apparent is nominated from among qualified candidates ) .	Hereditary monarchies most usually arrange the succession by a law that creates an order of succession . <SEP> Nowadays , the order of succession in hereditary monarchies is often based on the idea of primogeniture ( oldest born ) , but there have been other methods that were much more common in the past .	[]
Such a process establishes who will be the next monarch beforehand and avoids disputes among members of the royal family .	This way , it is known beforehand who will be the next monarch .	[]
Diffusion , Information Communications ( DiC ) was formed in France in 1971 by Jean Chalopin as the production division of Radio Television Luxembourg , a long existing media company .	DiC Entertainment ( DiC ) was an international / Canadian-American movie and television production company founded in 1971 as D.i.C. Audiovisuel by Jean Chalopin in France .	[]
In 2008 , DiC was acquired by the Cookie Jar Group and was folded into it .	In 2008 Cookie Jar Group bought out DiC and then merged it with Cookie Jar Entertainment .	[]
Most of the DiC library is currently owned by DHX Media after DHX acquired the Cookie Jar Group on October 22 , 2012 .	Dic Entertainment is now owned by DHX Media .	[]
On June 20 , 2008 , DiC Entertainment and Cookie Jar Group announced an agreement to merge .	On June 20 , 2008 , it was announced that DiC would be bought out by Cookie Jar Group .	[]
The merger was completed on July 23 , 2008 and the company became a subsidiary of Cookie Jar Entertainment .	On July 23 , 2008 , Cookie Jar completed the buy out of DiC Entertainment , and then it was merged with Cookie Jar Entertainment .	[]
Hugo Philipp Jacob Wolf ( 13 March 1860 – 22 February 1903 ) was an Austrian composer of Slovene origin , particularly noted for his art songs , or Lieder .	Hugo Wolf ( born Windischgraz ( now Slovenj Gradec , Slovenia ) 13 March , 1860 ; died Vienna , 22 February 1903 ) was an Austrian composer of Slovene origin . <SEP> He is famous for his Lieder ( German art songs ) .	[]
Hugo Wolf was born in Windischgra ̈ tz in the Duchy of Styria ( now Slovenj Gradec , Slovenia ) , then a part of the Austrian Empire .	The town where Wolf was born is now called Slovenj Gradec in Slovenia , but at that time it was part of the Austrian Empire .	[]
From there , he went to the Vienna Conservatory much to the disappointment of his father , who had hoped his son would not try to make his living from music .	He went to Vienna to study at the Vienna Conservatory .	[]
Though his fiery temperament was not ideally suited to teaching , Wolf 's musical gifts , as well as his personal charm , earned him attention and patronage .	He had a fiery temper which did not make him an ideal teacher .	[]
His brief and undistinguished tenure as second Kapellmeister at Salzburg only reinforced this opinion : Wolf had neither the temperament , the conducting technique nor the affinity for the decidedly non-Wagnerian repertoire to be successful , and within a year had again returned to Vienna to teach in much the same circumstances as before .	Wolf got a job as second Kapellmeister at Salzburg .	[]
Wagner 's death in February 1883 was another deeply moving event in the life of the young composer .	He was terribly sad when Wagner died .	[]
The song " Zur Ruh , zur Ruh " was composed shortly afterward and is considered to be the best of his early works ; it is speculated that it was intended as an elegy for Wagner .	He wrote a song " Zur Ruh , zur Ruh " ( “ To rest , to rest " ) which is one of his best early works .	[]
The rarely heard symphonic poem " Penthesilea " is tempestuous and highly colored as well .	He wrote a symphonic poem " Penthesilea " .	[]
He composed little during this time , and what he did write he could n't get performed ; the Rose ́ Quartet ( led by Vienna Philharmonic concertmaster Arnold Rose ́ ) would not even look at his D minor Quartet after it was picked apart in a column , and the premiere of " Penthesilea " was met by the Vienna Philharmonic , when they tried it out under their celebrated conservative conductor Hans Richter , with nothing but derision for ' the man who had dared to criticize " Meister Brahms , " ' as Richter himself caustically put it .	He composed several works , but could not get them performed .	[]
Tom Conway ( born Thomas Charles Sanders , 15 September 1904 – 22 April 1967 ) was a British film , television and radio actor remembered for playing private detectives ( including The Falcon , Sherlock Holmes , Bulldog Drummond and The Saint ) and psychiatrists .	Thomas Charles Sanders ( " Tom Conway " , September 15 , 1904 – April 22 , 1967 ) was an English movie , television , voice , stage , and radio actor .	[]
His younger brother was fellow actor George Sanders ( 1906 – 1972 ) .	He was the older brother of actor George Sanders .	[]
Conway was born in St. Petersburg , Russia .	Conway was born on September 15 , 1904 in St. Petersburg , Russia to English parents .	[]
Bu Bing or Wai Bing ( Chinese : 外丙 ) was a Shang dynasty King of China .	King Bu Bing of Shang of China ' , in Chinese : " 卜丙 " , born Zi Sheng , in Chinese : " 子勝 " .	[]
In the " Records of the Grand Historian " , he was listed by Sima Qian as the second Shang king , succeeding his father Tang ( Chinese : 汤 ) , following the earlier death of his elder brother Tai Ding .	In Records of the Grand Historian , he was recorded as the second king of the Shang Dynasty .	[]
Oracle script inscriptions , on bones unearthed at Yinxu , alternatively record that he was the fourth Shang king , the second son of Da Ding , given the posthumous name " Bu Bing " ( Chinese : 卜丙 ) , and succeeded by Da Geng .	But in the oracle script , he was recorded as the third king of the Shang Dynasty . <SEP> In these records his name is " Bu Bing " , in Chinese : " 卜丙 " .	[]
Alan William Napier-Clavering ( 7 January 1903 – 8 August 1988 ) , better known as Alan Napier , was an English actor .	Alan William Napier-Clavering ( 7 January 1903 – 8 August 1988 ) was an English-American actor . <SEP> Napier was born on 7 January 1903 in King 's Norton , Worcestershire , England .	[]
Napier is best known today for portraying Alfred Pennyworth , Bruce Wayne 's butler in the 1960s live-action " Batman " television series .	He is best known for his role as Alfred the butler in the 1960s live-action " Batman " television series .	[]
Napier was the son of Claude Gerald Napier-Clavering ( 1869 – 1938 ) and Mary Millicent Napier-Clavering ( ne ́ e Kenrick , 1871 – 1932 ) , sister of Wilfred Byng Kenrick , and a first cousin-once removed of Neville Chamberlain , Britain 's prime minister from 1937 to 1940 .	His cousin was Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain .	[]
He was educated at Packwood Haugh School and after graduating from Clifton College , he studied at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art , graduating in 1925 .	Napier studied at Clifton College and at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art .	[]
Michal Handzus ̌ ( ] ; born 11 March 1977 ) is a Slovak former professional ice hockey centre .	Michal Handzus ̌ ( born March 11 , 1977 , in Banska ́ Bystrica , Czechoslovakia , now Slovakia ) is a Slovak NHL ice hockey centre that currently plays for the Chicago Blackhawks .	[]
Handzus ̌ , nicknamed " Zeus , " was drafted 101st overall in the 1995 NHL Entry Draft by the St. Louis Blues , playing with them for two-and-a-half seasons from to .	He was drafted by the St. Louis Blues with the 101st overall pick in the 1995 NHL Entry Draft .	[]
Handzus ̌ played for the St. Louis Blues , Phoenix Coyotes , Philadelphia Flyers , Los Angeles Kings , San Jose Sharks and the Chicago Blackhawks , with whom he won the Stanley Cup with in 2013 .	He has also played for the St. Louis Blues for 3 seasons , Phoenix Coyotes for 2 seasons , Philadelphia Flyers for 2 seasons , Chicago Blackhawks for 8 games , Los Angeles Kings for 4 seasons and the San Jose Sharks for 1 season .	[]
During the lockout-shortened 2012 – 13 season , on 1 April 2013 , Handzus ̌ was traded back to Chicago in exchange for a fourth-round draft pick .	He was traded from the Sharks back to the Chicago Blackhawks for a 4th round draft pick on April 1 , 2013 .	[]
On 24 June 2013 , Handzus ̌ and the Blackhawks defeated the Boston Bruins 3 – 2 in Game 6 of the 2013 Stanley Cup Finals to win the Stanley Cup .	On June 24 , 2013 , He won the Stanley Cup with the Blackhawks after they defeated the Boston Bruins 4 games to 2 in the 2013 Stanley Cup Finals .	[]
There are two secondary aims : meeting the need for quiet enjoyment of the countryside and having regard for the interests of those who live and work there .	The chief purpose of the AONB designation is to conserve and enhance the natural beauty of the landscape , with two secondary aims : meeting the need for quiet enjoyment of the countryside and having regard for the interests of those who live and work there .	[]
AONBs in England and Wales were originally created under the same legislation as the national parks , the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 .	AONBs are created under the same legislation as the national parks , the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 .	[]
Unlike AONBs , national parks have special legal powers to prevent unsympathetic development .	Unlike AONBs , national parks have their own authorities , have special legal powers to prevent unsympathetic development , and are well known to many inhabitants of England , Wales and Northern Ireland .	[]
Imelda Mary Philomena Bernadette Staunton , ( born 9 January 1956 ) is an English stage and screen actress .	Imelda Mary Philomena Bernadette Staunton , ( born 9 January 1956 ) is an English Actress .	[]
Staunton was born in Archway , North London , the only child of Bridie ( ne ́ e McNicholas ) , a hairdresser , and Joseph Staunton , a road-worker and labourer .	Staunton was born in Archway , London .	[]
After training at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art , Staunton began her career in repertory theatre in the 1970s before appearing in seasons at various theatres in the UK .	She studied at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art .	[]
Staunton and her husband , English actor Jim Carter , have a daughter , Bessie , born in 1993 .	The couple have a daughter .	[]
Indigenous Australians are the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples of Australia , descended from groups that existed in Australia and surrounding islands before British colonisation .	Indigenous Australians , also known as Australian Aborigines , are the native people of Australia .	[]
Several settlements of humans in Australia have been dated around 49,000 years ago .	They came to Australia around 50,000 years ago .	[]
Genetic studies appear to support an arrival date of 50-70,000 years ago .	Scientists do not know exactly when they arrived but it is at least 50,000 years ago .	[]
Monticello was the primary plantation of Thomas Jefferson , the third President of the United States , who began designing Monticello after inheriting land from his father at age 26 .	Monticello was the home of President Thomas Jefferson .	[]
Monticello is a National Historic Landmark .	It is now a National Historic Landmark .	[]
It is the only private home in the United States to be designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site .	It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site .	[]
Work began on what historians would subsequently refer to as " the first Monticello " in 1768 , on a plantation of 5,000 acre .	Construction began in 1768 .	[]
Mulberry Row was situated 300 ft south of Monticello , with the quarters facing the Jefferson mansion .	Slave quarters were located 300 feet south of the house on Mulberry Row .	[]
These cabins were occupied by the enslaved Africans forced to work in the mansion or in Jefferson 's manufacturing ventures , and not by those who were forced to labor in the fields .	These quarters were occupied by slaves working in the house .	[]
A cabin on Mulberry Row was , for a time , the home of Sally Hemings , an enslaved woman who worked in the household who is widely believed to have had a 38-year relationship with the widower Jefferson and to have borne six children by him , four of whom survived to adulthood .	A cabin on Mulberry Row was once the home of Sally Hemings .	[]
In 1987 Monticello and the nearby University of Virginia , also designed by Jefferson , were together designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site .	Monticello became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987 .	[]
In 1923 , Monroe Levy sold it to the Thomas Jefferson Foundation ( TJF ) , which operates it as a house museum and educational institution .	It has been owned and operated by the Thomas Jefferson Foundation since 1923 .	[]
The passage was relatively fast , but the mortality rate was the highest in the history of transportation to Australia .	The trip was fast , but the rate of people dying was the highest in the history of transportation to Australia .	[]
Of the 1,038 convicts embarked , 273 died during the voyage ( 26 % ) and 486 landed sick .	Of the 1,026 convicts who left , 267 ( 256 men and 11 women ) died during the voyage ( 26 % ) .	[]
On " Neptune " the convicts were deliberately starved , kept chained , and frequently refused access to the deck .	On " Neptune " the convicts were not given enough food , they were kept tied up with chains , and rarely let up onto the deck .	[]
On " Scarborough " , rations were not deliberately withheld , but a reported mutiny attempt led to the convicts being closely confined below decks .	On " Scarborough " , they were fed , but a reported mutiny attempt led to the convicts being kept locked up below the deck .	[]
On arrival at Port Jackson , half-naked convicts were lying without bedding , too ill to move .	When they got to Sydney , the half naked convicts were lying without bedding , too ill to move .	[]
Those unable to walk were slung over the side .	Those unable to walk were thrown over the side .	[]
At least 486 sick were landed ( 47 % of those embarked ) .	At least 486 of the convicts were sick , 47 % of those who had left England .	[]
Hypertension ( HTN or HT ) , also known as high blood pressure ( HBP ) , is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated .	Hypertension or high blood pressure is a chronic medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is higher than it should be .	[]
Blood pressure is expressed by two measurements , the systolic and diastolic pressures , which are the maximum and minimum pressures , respectively .	When blood pressure is measured , the highest pressure ( when the heart is squeezing ) is called the systolic blood pressure .	[]
For most adults , high blood pressure is present if the resting blood pressure is persistently at or above 130/80 or 140/90 mmHg .	To stay healthy , most people should try to keep their blood pressure below 140/90 mmHg .	[]
Lifestyle changes and medications can lower blood pressure and decrease the risk of health complications .	If lifestyle changes do not decrease a person 's blood pressure , then the person may need medications .	[]
Michael Patrick Francis Gunner ( born 6 January 1976 ) is an Australian politician and the current Chief Minister of the Northern Territory .	Michael Patrick Francis Gunner ( born 6 January 1976 ) is an Australian politician . <SEP> He is the 11th and current Chief Minister of the Northern Territory since 31 August 2016 .	[]
He is a Labor member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly , having held his seat of Fannie Bay in Darwin since the retirement of then Chief Minister Clare Martin at the 2008 election .	He is a Labor member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly since 2008 .	[]
Gunner was elected leader of Labor in the Northern Territory , and hence Leader of the Opposition , in April 2015 .	Gunner was elected leader of Labor in the Northern Territory and Leader of the Opposition , in April 2015 .	[]
Baden-Wu ̈ rttemberg ( , ] ) is a state in southwest Germany , east of the Rhine , which forms the border with France .	Baden-Wu ̈ rttemberg is a federal state in Germany .	[]
It is Germany ’ s third-largest state , with an area of 35751 km2 and 11 million inhabitants .	It has an area of 35 752 km2 and nearly 11 million people . <SEP> It is the third biggest state in Germany .	[]
The largest city in Baden-Wu ̈ rttemberg is the state capital of Stuttgart , followed by Karlsruhe and Mannheim .	The capital is Stuttgart .	[]
Baden-Wu ̈ rttemberg shares borders with the German states of Rhineland Palatinate , Hessen , and Bavaria , France ( region of Grand Est ) , and Switzerland ( cantons of Basel-Landschaft , Basel-Stadt , Aargau , Zu ̈ rich , Schaffhausen and Thurgau ) .	It shares borders to the east with the state of Bavaria , to the north with the states of Hesse and Rhineland-Palatinate , to the west with the country of France ( along the River Rhine ) and to the south with the countries Switzerland and Austria .	[]
Baden-Wu ̈ rttemberg is a parliamentary republic and partly sovereign , federated state which was formed in 1952 by a merger of the states of Wu ̈ rttemberg-Baden , Baden and Wu ̈ rttemberg-Hohenzollern .	In 1952 , the three states of Baden , Wu ̈ rttemberg-Baden and Wu ̈ rttemberg-Hohenzollern joined together to found Baden-Wu ̈ rttemberg .	[]
Other cities are Freiburg im Breisgau , Heidelberg , Heilbronn , Pforzheim , Reutlingen and Ulm .	Other important cities in Baden-Wu ̈ rttemberg besides the capital city of Stuttgart are : Freiburg , Heidelberg , Rastatt , Karlsruhe , Mannheim , Ulm , Ravensburg and Heilbronn .	[]
William Ray Norwood Jr. was born in McComb , Mississippi to Willie Norwood and Sonja Bates-Norwood .	Ray J was born William Raymond Norwood , Jr. in McComb , Mississippi and grew up in Carson , California .	[]
In 1989 , at the age of eight , Norwood began auditioning for and appearing in television commercials ; he played the foster son in " The Sinbad Show " , from 1993 to 1994 .	At age eight , he began auditioning for and appearing in television commercials ; he played the foster son in " The Sinbad Show . "	[]
He signed to Elektra Records in 1995 and he began to record his 15-track debut album " Everything You Want " the same year .	Norwood was signed to Elektra Records in 1995 and recorded his debut album " Everything You Want " the next year .	[]
" Let It Go " appeared on the " Set It Off " soundtrack .	" Let It Go " appeared on the " Set It Off " soundtrack ( Brandy also appeared on the soundtrack ; and her song " Missing You " with Tamia , Chaka Khan and Gladys Knight peaked also at number 25 ) .	[]
In 1997 , he was dropped from the label .	In 1997 , he performed in a television special with his sister Brandy but was dropped from the label .	[]
According to Bradley Torreano of AllMusic , " his easygoing image and boyish looks appealed to the producers of Brandy 's television show , " Moesha " , giving him a role on the UPN series as Dorian " D-Money " , a role he played from 1999 until the show ended in 2001 .	According to Bradley Torreano of allmusic , " his easygoing image and boyish looks appealed to the producers of Brandy 's television show , " Moesha " " , giving him a role on the UPN series starting in 1999 as Brandy 's little cousin , D-Money .	[]
He produced for toy company Mattel , putting together the music for several commercials and a few of the demos for his second record .	He produced , putting together the music for several commercials and a few of the demos for his second record .	[]
Mersenne primes " M " are also noteworthy due to their connection with perfect numbers .	Mersenne primes have a close connection to perfect numbers , which are numbers equal to the sum of their proper divisors .	[]
In the 4th century BC , Euclid proved that if 2 − 1 is prime , then 2 ( 2 − 1 ) is a perfect number .	Historically , the study of Mersenne primes was motivated by this connection ; in the 4th century BC Euclid demonstrated that if " M " is a Mersenne prime then " M " ( " M " + 1 ) / 2 is a perfect number .	[]
In the 18th century , Leonhard Euler proved that , conversely , all even perfect numbers have this form .	In the 18th century , Leonhard Euler proved that all even perfect numbers have this form .	[]
It is unknown whether there are any odd perfect numbers .	No odd perfect numbers are known , and it is suspected that none exist ( If it exist , it would have to be greater than 10 ) . <SEP> It is currently unknown if there is an infinite number of Mersenne primes .	[]

Pinatubo was heavily eroded , inconspicuous and obscured from view .

Before 1991 the volcano was inconspicuous and heavily eroded .

[]

It was covered with dense forests which supported a population of several thousand indigenous Aetas .

It was covered with dense forest , and several thousand indigenous people lived there .

[]

The effects of the eruption were felt worldwide .

Mount Pinatubo 's eruption effects were felt worldwide .

[]

Tropical forests cover a large part of the globe , but temperate rainforests only occur in few regions around the world .

Tropical rainforests occur in three major geographical areas around the world .

[]

Temperate rainforests are rainforests in temperate regions .

A less-used term is temperate rainforest .

[]

The forest floor , the bottom-most layer , receives only 2 % of the sunlight .

The bottom most layer receives 2 % of the sunlight .

[]

The understory or understorey layer lies between the canopy and the forest floor .

The understory layer lies between the canopy and forest floor . <SEP> Under the tall canopy is the " understory " .

[]

It is home to a number of birds , snakes and lizards , as well as predators such as jaguars , boa constrictors and leopards .

It is a home to a number of birds , snakes and lizards as well as predators such as jaguars and leopards .

[]

The leaves are much larger at this level and insect life is abundant .

The leaves are much bigger at this level and insect life is abundant .

[]

This layer can be called a " shrub layer " , although the shrub layer may also be considered a separate layer .

The next layer is called the shrub layer , and has mainly bushes .

[]

Eagles , butterflies , bats and certain monkeys inhabit this layer .

Many kinds of monkeys , birds , and insects live in the layer .

[]

Epiphytic plants attach to trunks and branches , and obtain water and minerals from rain and debris that collects on the supporting plants .

In the humid rainforest , they collect water from the rain that falls on them .

[]

Riboflavin is in the vitamin B group .

Riboflavin is one of the B vitamins ( vitamin B ) .

[]

Riboflavin , also known as vitamin B , is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement .

Without riboflavin and the other B vitamins people 's bodies can not use fats , carbohydrates , and proteins . <SEP> A lot of the riboflavin that people make , they use in vitamin pills .

[]

Riboflavin is added to baby foods , breakfast cereals , pastas and vitamin-enriched meal replacement products .

To prevent riboflavin deficiency , people may add riboflavin to baby foods , breakfast cereals , pasta , sauces , fruit drinks , and foods such as cheese that are made from milk ( dairy products ) .

[]

Hereditary monarchy is a form of government and succession of power in which the throne passes from one member of a royal family to another member of the same family .

A hereditary monarchy is a type of government where a monarch ( usually a king or queen ) becomes the monarch because he or she is related to the last monarch . <SEP> In a hereditary monarchy , all the monarchs come from the same family , and the crown is passed down from one member of the family to another .

[]

It is historically the most common type of monarchy and remains the dominant form in extant monarchies .

It is the most common sort of monarchy , and is the form used by almost all of the world 's monarchies today .

[]

Theoretically , when the king or queen of a hereditary monarchy dies or abdicates , the crown typically passes to the next generation of the family .

When the king or queen of a hereditary monarchy dies or quits the throne ( abdicates ) , the crown is generally passed to one of his or her children , often to the oldest .

[]

If no qualified child exists , the crown may pass to a brother , sister , nephew , niece , cousin , or other relative , in accordance with a predefined order of succession , often enshrined in legislation .

When that child dies , the crown will be then passed to his or her child , or , if he or she has no child , to a sister , brother , niece , nephew , cousin , or some other relative .

[]

In most extant hereditary monarchies , the typical order of succession uses some form of primogeniture , but there exist other methods such as seniority and tanistry ( in which an heir-apparent is nominated from among qualified candidates ) .

Hereditary monarchies most usually arrange the succession by a law that creates an order of succession . <SEP> Nowadays , the order of succession in hereditary monarchies is often based on the idea of primogeniture ( oldest born ) , but there have been other methods that were much more common in the past .

[]

Such a process establishes who will be the next monarch beforehand and avoids disputes among members of the royal family .

This way , it is known beforehand who will be the next monarch .

[]

Diffusion , Information Communications ( DiC ) was formed in France in 1971 by Jean Chalopin as the production division of Radio Television Luxembourg , a long existing media company .

DiC Entertainment ( DiC ) was an international / Canadian-American movie and television production company founded in 1971 as D.i.C. Audiovisuel by Jean Chalopin in France .

[]

In 2008 , DiC was acquired by the Cookie Jar Group and was folded into it .

In 2008 Cookie Jar Group bought out DiC and then merged it with Cookie Jar Entertainment .

[]

Most of the DiC library is currently owned by DHX Media after DHX acquired the Cookie Jar Group on October 22 , 2012 .

Dic Entertainment is now owned by DHX Media .

[]

On June 20 , 2008 , DiC Entertainment and Cookie Jar Group announced an agreement to merge .

On June 20 , 2008 , it was announced that DiC would be bought out by Cookie Jar Group .

[]

The merger was completed on July 23 , 2008 and the company became a subsidiary of Cookie Jar Entertainment .

On July 23 , 2008 , Cookie Jar completed the buy out of DiC Entertainment , and then it was merged with Cookie Jar Entertainment .

[]

Hugo Philipp Jacob Wolf ( 13 March 1860 – 22 February 1903 ) was an Austrian composer of Slovene origin , particularly noted for his art songs , or Lieder .

Hugo Wolf ( born Windischgraz ( now Slovenj Gradec , Slovenia ) 13 March , 1860 ; died Vienna , 22 February 1903 ) was an Austrian composer of Slovene origin . <SEP> He is famous for his Lieder ( German art songs ) .

[]

Hugo Wolf was born in Windischgra ̈ tz in the Duchy of Styria ( now Slovenj Gradec , Slovenia ) , then a part of the Austrian Empire .

The town where Wolf was born is now called Slovenj Gradec in Slovenia , but at that time it was part of the Austrian Empire .

[]

From there , he went to the Vienna Conservatory much to the disappointment of his father , who had hoped his son would not try to make his living from music .

He went to Vienna to study at the Vienna Conservatory .

[]

Though his fiery temperament was not ideally suited to teaching , Wolf 's musical gifts , as well as his personal charm , earned him attention and patronage .

He had a fiery temper which did not make him an ideal teacher .

[]

His brief and undistinguished tenure as second Kapellmeister at Salzburg only reinforced this opinion : Wolf had neither the temperament , the conducting technique nor the affinity for the decidedly non-Wagnerian repertoire to be successful , and within a year had again returned to Vienna to teach in much the same circumstances as before .

Wolf got a job as second Kapellmeister at Salzburg .

[]

Wagner 's death in February 1883 was another deeply moving event in the life of the young composer .

He was terribly sad when Wagner died .

[]

The song " Zur Ruh , zur Ruh " was composed shortly afterward and is considered to be the best of his early works ; it is speculated that it was intended as an elegy for Wagner .

He wrote a song " Zur Ruh , zur Ruh " ( “ To rest , to rest " ) which is one of his best early works .

[]

The rarely heard symphonic poem " Penthesilea " is tempestuous and highly colored as well .

He wrote a symphonic poem " Penthesilea " .

[]

He composed little during this time , and what he did write he could n't get performed ; the Rose ́ Quartet ( led by Vienna Philharmonic concertmaster Arnold Rose ́ ) would not even look at his D minor Quartet after it was picked apart in a column , and the premiere of " Penthesilea " was met by the Vienna Philharmonic , when they tried it out under their celebrated conservative conductor Hans Richter , with nothing but derision for ' the man who had dared to criticize " Meister Brahms , " ' as Richter himself caustically put it .

He composed several works , but could not get them performed .

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Tom Conway ( born Thomas Charles Sanders , 15 September 1904 – 22 April 1967 ) was a British film , television and radio actor remembered for playing private detectives ( including The Falcon , Sherlock Holmes , Bulldog Drummond and The Saint ) and psychiatrists .

Thomas Charles Sanders ( " Tom Conway " , September 15 , 1904 – April 22 , 1967 ) was an English movie , television , voice , stage , and radio actor .

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His younger brother was fellow actor George Sanders ( 1906 – 1972 ) .

He was the older brother of actor George Sanders .

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Conway was born in St. Petersburg , Russia .

Conway was born on September 15 , 1904 in St. Petersburg , Russia to English parents .

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Bu Bing or Wai Bing ( Chinese : 外丙 ) was a Shang dynasty King of China .

King Bu Bing of Shang of China ' , in Chinese : " 卜丙 " , born Zi Sheng , in Chinese : " 子勝 " .

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In the " Records of the Grand Historian " , he was listed by Sima Qian as the second Shang king , succeeding his father Tang ( Chinese : 汤 ) , following the earlier death of his elder brother Tai Ding .

In Records of the Grand Historian , he was recorded as the second king of the Shang Dynasty .

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Oracle script inscriptions , on bones unearthed at Yinxu , alternatively record that he was the fourth Shang king , the second son of Da Ding , given the posthumous name " Bu Bing " ( Chinese : 卜丙 ) , and succeeded by Da Geng .

But in the oracle script , he was recorded as the third king of the Shang Dynasty . <SEP> In these records his name is " Bu Bing " , in Chinese : " 卜丙 " .

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Alan William Napier-Clavering ( 7 January 1903 – 8 August 1988 ) , better known as Alan Napier , was an English actor .

Alan William Napier-Clavering ( 7 January 1903 – 8 August 1988 ) was an English-American actor . <SEP> Napier was born on 7 January 1903 in King 's Norton , Worcestershire , England .

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Napier is best known today for portraying Alfred Pennyworth , Bruce Wayne 's butler in the 1960s live-action " Batman " television series .

He is best known for his role as Alfred the butler in the 1960s live-action " Batman " television series .

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Napier was the son of Claude Gerald Napier-Clavering ( 1869 – 1938 ) and Mary Millicent Napier-Clavering ( ne ́ e Kenrick , 1871 – 1932 ) , sister of Wilfred Byng Kenrick , and a first cousin-once removed of Neville Chamberlain , Britain 's prime minister from 1937 to 1940 .

His cousin was Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain .

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He was educated at Packwood Haugh School and after graduating from Clifton College , he studied at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art , graduating in 1925 .

Napier studied at Clifton College and at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art .

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Michal Handzus ̌ ( ] ; born 11 March 1977 ) is a Slovak former professional ice hockey centre .

Michal Handzus ̌ ( born March 11 , 1977 , in Banska ́ Bystrica , Czechoslovakia , now Slovakia ) is a Slovak NHL ice hockey centre that currently plays for the Chicago Blackhawks .

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Handzus ̌ , nicknamed " Zeus , " was drafted 101st overall in the 1995 NHL Entry Draft by the St. Louis Blues , playing with them for two-and-a-half seasons from to .

He was drafted by the St. Louis Blues with the 101st overall pick in the 1995 NHL Entry Draft .

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Handzus ̌ played for the St. Louis Blues , Phoenix Coyotes , Philadelphia Flyers , Los Angeles Kings , San Jose Sharks and the Chicago Blackhawks , with whom he won the Stanley Cup with in 2013 .

He has also played for the St. Louis Blues for 3 seasons , Phoenix Coyotes for 2 seasons , Philadelphia Flyers for 2 seasons , Chicago Blackhawks for 8 games , Los Angeles Kings for 4 seasons and the San Jose Sharks for 1 season .

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During the lockout-shortened 2012 – 13 season , on 1 April 2013 , Handzus ̌ was traded back to Chicago in exchange for a fourth-round draft pick .

He was traded from the Sharks back to the Chicago Blackhawks for a 4th round draft pick on April 1 , 2013 .

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On 24 June 2013 , Handzus ̌ and the Blackhawks defeated the Boston Bruins 3 – 2 in Game 6 of the 2013 Stanley Cup Finals to win the Stanley Cup .

On June 24 , 2013 , He won the Stanley Cup with the Blackhawks after they defeated the Boston Bruins 4 games to 2 in the 2013 Stanley Cup Finals .

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There are two secondary aims : meeting the need for quiet enjoyment of the countryside and having regard for the interests of those who live and work there .

The chief purpose of the AONB designation is to conserve and enhance the natural beauty of the landscape , with two secondary aims : meeting the need for quiet enjoyment of the countryside and having regard for the interests of those who live and work there .

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AONBs in England and Wales were originally created under the same legislation as the national parks , the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 .

AONBs are created under the same legislation as the national parks , the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 .

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Unlike AONBs , national parks have special legal powers to prevent unsympathetic development .

Unlike AONBs , national parks have their own authorities , have special legal powers to prevent unsympathetic development , and are well known to many inhabitants of England , Wales and Northern Ireland .

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Imelda Mary Philomena Bernadette Staunton , ( born 9 January 1956 ) is an English stage and screen actress .

Imelda Mary Philomena Bernadette Staunton , ( born 9 January 1956 ) is an English Actress .

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Staunton was born in Archway , North London , the only child of Bridie ( ne ́ e McNicholas ) , a hairdresser , and Joseph Staunton , a road-worker and labourer .

Staunton was born in Archway , London .

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After training at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art , Staunton began her career in repertory theatre in the 1970s before appearing in seasons at various theatres in the UK .

She studied at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art .

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Staunton and her husband , English actor Jim Carter , have a daughter , Bessie , born in 1993 .

The couple have a daughter .

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Indigenous Australians are the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples of Australia , descended from groups that existed in Australia and surrounding islands before British colonisation .

Indigenous Australians , also known as Australian Aborigines , are the native people of Australia .

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Several settlements of humans in Australia have been dated around 49,000 years ago .

They came to Australia around 50,000 years ago .

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Genetic studies appear to support an arrival date of 50-70,000 years ago .

Scientists do not know exactly when they arrived but it is at least 50,000 years ago .

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Monticello was the primary plantation of Thomas Jefferson , the third President of the United States , who began designing Monticello after inheriting land from his father at age 26 .

Monticello was the home of President Thomas Jefferson .

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Monticello is a National Historic Landmark .

It is now a National Historic Landmark .

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It is the only private home in the United States to be designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site .

It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site .

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Work began on what historians would subsequently refer to as " the first Monticello " in 1768 , on a plantation of 5,000 acre .

Construction began in 1768 .

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Mulberry Row was situated 300 ft south of Monticello , with the quarters facing the Jefferson mansion .

Slave quarters were located 300 feet south of the house on Mulberry Row .

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These cabins were occupied by the enslaved Africans forced to work in the mansion or in Jefferson 's manufacturing ventures , and not by those who were forced to labor in the fields .

These quarters were occupied by slaves working in the house .

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A cabin on Mulberry Row was , for a time , the home of Sally Hemings , an enslaved woman who worked in the household who is widely believed to have had a 38-year relationship with the widower Jefferson and to have borne six children by him , four of whom survived to adulthood .

A cabin on Mulberry Row was once the home of Sally Hemings .

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In 1987 Monticello and the nearby University of Virginia , also designed by Jefferson , were together designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site .

Monticello became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987 .

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In 1923 , Monroe Levy sold it to the Thomas Jefferson Foundation ( TJF ) , which operates it as a house museum and educational institution .

It has been owned and operated by the Thomas Jefferson Foundation since 1923 .

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The passage was relatively fast , but the mortality rate was the highest in the history of transportation to Australia .

The trip was fast , but the rate of people dying was the highest in the history of transportation to Australia .

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Of the 1,038 convicts embarked , 273 died during the voyage ( 26 % ) and 486 landed sick .

Of the 1,026 convicts who left , 267 ( 256 men and 11 women ) died during the voyage ( 26 % ) .

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On " Neptune " the convicts were deliberately starved , kept chained , and frequently refused access to the deck .

On " Neptune " the convicts were not given enough food , they were kept tied up with chains , and rarely let up onto the deck .

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On " Scarborough " , rations were not deliberately withheld , but a reported mutiny attempt led to the convicts being closely confined below decks .

On " Scarborough " , they were fed , but a reported mutiny attempt led to the convicts being kept locked up below the deck .

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On arrival at Port Jackson , half-naked convicts were lying without bedding , too ill to move .

When they got to Sydney , the half naked convicts were lying without bedding , too ill to move .

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Those unable to walk were slung over the side .

Those unable to walk were thrown over the side .

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At least 486 sick were landed ( 47 % of those embarked ) .

At least 486 of the convicts were sick , 47 % of those who had left England .

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Hypertension ( HTN or HT ) , also known as high blood pressure ( HBP ) , is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated .

Hypertension or high blood pressure is a chronic medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is higher than it should be .

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Blood pressure is expressed by two measurements , the systolic and diastolic pressures , which are the maximum and minimum pressures , respectively .

When blood pressure is measured , the highest pressure ( when the heart is squeezing ) is called the systolic blood pressure .

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For most adults , high blood pressure is present if the resting blood pressure is persistently at or above 130/80 or 140/90 mmHg .

To stay healthy , most people should try to keep their blood pressure below 140/90 mmHg .

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Lifestyle changes and medications can lower blood pressure and decrease the risk of health complications .

If lifestyle changes do not decrease a person 's blood pressure , then the person may need medications .

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Michael Patrick Francis Gunner ( born 6 January 1976 ) is an Australian politician and the current Chief Minister of the Northern Territory .

Michael Patrick Francis Gunner ( born 6 January 1976 ) is an Australian politician . <SEP> He is the 11th and current Chief Minister of the Northern Territory since 31 August 2016 .

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He is a Labor member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly , having held his seat of Fannie Bay in Darwin since the retirement of then Chief Minister Clare Martin at the 2008 election .

He is a Labor member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly since 2008 .

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Gunner was elected leader of Labor in the Northern Territory , and hence Leader of the Opposition , in April 2015 .

Gunner was elected leader of Labor in the Northern Territory and Leader of the Opposition , in April 2015 .

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Baden-Wu ̈ rttemberg ( , ] ) is a state in southwest Germany , east of the Rhine , which forms the border with France .

Baden-Wu ̈ rttemberg is a federal state in Germany .

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It is Germany ’ s third-largest state , with an area of 35751 km2 and 11 million inhabitants .

It has an area of 35 752 km2 and nearly 11 million people . <SEP> It is the third biggest state in Germany .

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The largest city in Baden-Wu ̈ rttemberg is the state capital of Stuttgart , followed by Karlsruhe and Mannheim .

The capital is Stuttgart .

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Baden-Wu ̈ rttemberg shares borders with the German states of Rhineland Palatinate , Hessen , and Bavaria , France ( region of Grand Est ) , and Switzerland ( cantons of Basel-Landschaft , Basel-Stadt , Aargau , Zu ̈ rich , Schaffhausen and Thurgau ) .

It shares borders to the east with the state of Bavaria , to the north with the states of Hesse and Rhineland-Palatinate , to the west with the country of France ( along the River Rhine ) and to the south with the countries Switzerland and Austria .

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Baden-Wu ̈ rttemberg is a parliamentary republic and partly sovereign , federated state which was formed in 1952 by a merger of the states of Wu ̈ rttemberg-Baden , Baden and Wu ̈ rttemberg-Hohenzollern .

In 1952 , the three states of Baden , Wu ̈ rttemberg-Baden and Wu ̈ rttemberg-Hohenzollern joined together to found Baden-Wu ̈ rttemberg .

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Other cities are Freiburg im Breisgau , Heidelberg , Heilbronn , Pforzheim , Reutlingen and Ulm .

Other important cities in Baden-Wu ̈ rttemberg besides the capital city of Stuttgart are : Freiburg , Heidelberg , Rastatt , Karlsruhe , Mannheim , Ulm , Ravensburg and Heilbronn .

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William Ray Norwood Jr. was born in McComb , Mississippi to Willie Norwood and Sonja Bates-Norwood .

Ray J was born William Raymond Norwood , Jr. in McComb , Mississippi and grew up in Carson , California .

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In 1989 , at the age of eight , Norwood began auditioning for and appearing in television commercials ; he played the foster son in " The Sinbad Show " , from 1993 to 1994 .

At age eight , he began auditioning for and appearing in television commercials ; he played the foster son in " The Sinbad Show . "

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He signed to Elektra Records in 1995 and he began to record his 15-track debut album " Everything You Want " the same year .

Norwood was signed to Elektra Records in 1995 and recorded his debut album " Everything You Want " the next year .

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" Let It Go " appeared on the " Set It Off " soundtrack .

" Let It Go " appeared on the " Set It Off " soundtrack ( Brandy also appeared on the soundtrack ; and her song " Missing You " with Tamia , Chaka Khan and Gladys Knight peaked also at number 25 ) .

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In 1997 , he was dropped from the label .

In 1997 , he performed in a television special with his sister Brandy but was dropped from the label .

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According to Bradley Torreano of AllMusic , " his easygoing image and boyish looks appealed to the producers of Brandy 's television show , " Moesha " , giving him a role on the UPN series as Dorian " D-Money " , a role he played from 1999 until the show ended in 2001 .

According to Bradley Torreano of allmusic , " his easygoing image and boyish looks appealed to the producers of Brandy 's television show , " Moesha " " , giving him a role on the UPN series starting in 1999 as Brandy 's little cousin , D-Money .

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He produced for toy company Mattel , putting together the music for several commercials and a few of the demos for his second record .

He produced , putting together the music for several commercials and a few of the demos for his second record .

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Mersenne primes " M " are also noteworthy due to their connection with perfect numbers .

Mersenne primes have a close connection to perfect numbers , which are numbers equal to the sum of their proper divisors .

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In the 4th century BC , Euclid proved that if 2 − 1 is prime , then 2 ( 2 − 1 ) is a perfect number .

Historically , the study of Mersenne primes was motivated by this connection ; in the 4th century BC Euclid demonstrated that if " M " is a Mersenne prime then " M " ( " M " + 1 ) / 2 is a perfect number .

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In the 18th century , Leonhard Euler proved that , conversely , all even perfect numbers have this form .

In the 18th century , Leonhard Euler proved that all even perfect numbers have this form .

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It is unknown whether there are any odd perfect numbers .

No odd perfect numbers are known , and it is suspected that none exist ( If it exist , it would have to be greater than 10 ) . <SEP> It is currently unknown if there is an infinite number of Mersenne primes .

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