bayes-group-diffusion/wiki_auto · Datasets at Hugging Face

source stringlengths 13 2.78k	target stringlengths 13 2.23k	references listlengths 0 0
When the British achieved paramountcy over India , the Nizams were allowed to continue to rule their princely states as client kings .	When the British got power over India , the Nizams continued to rule Kingdom of Hyderabad after coming into an understanding with the British .	[]
The Asaf Jah dynasty had only seven rulers ; however there was a period of 13 unstable years after the rule of the first Nizam when three of his sons ( Nasir Jung , Muzafar Jung and Salabath Jung ) ruled .	The Asaf Jah dynasty had only seven rulers . <SEP> However , for 13 years after the rule of the first Nizam , three of his sons ( Nasir Jung , Muzafar Jung and Salabath Jung ) ruled .	[]
They were never officially recognised as rulers .	They were not officially recognized as rulers .	[]
His abdication on 17 September 1948 marked the end of the dynasty 's ambitions .	The Nizam 's rule ended on 17 September 1948 .	[]
The South African Navy ( SAN ) is the naval warfare branch of the South African National Defence Force .	The South African Navy is the navy of the South African National Defence Force . <SEP> The South African Naval Service was later expanded and renamed to the South African Naval Forces ( SANF ) .	[]
The role of the navy is to prepare for and to conduct naval operations in defence of the South African state , its citizens and interests and to carry out peacetime operations in support of other national objectives .	The role of the South African Navy is to conduct naval operations in defence of the Republic of South Africa .	[]
It was renamed ' South African Navy ' on 1 July 1951 .	In 1951 , the South African Naval Forces was renamed to the South African Navy and the ship title HMSAS ( His Majesty 's South African Ship ) was changed to SAS ( South African Ship ) one year later .	[]
He served as the President of the Independent Chinese PEN Center , from 2003 to 2007 .	He has been President of the Independent Chinese PEN Center since 2003 .	[]
On 8 December 2008 , Liu was detained due to his participation with the " Charter 08 " manifesto .	On 8 December 2008 , police stopped Liu and held him because of his work with Charter 08 .	[]
He was formally arrested on 23 June 2009 on suspicion of " inciting subversion of state power " .	He was not actually arrested until 23 June 2009 .	[]
He was tried on the same charges on 23 December 2009 , and sentenced to eleven years ' imprisonment and two years ' deprivation of political rights on 25 December 2009 .	He had a trial on 23 December 2009 . <SEP> On 25 December 2009 , the court decided he must go to prison for eleven years .	[]
During his fourth prison term , Liu was awarded the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize for " his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China . "	He won the Nobel Peace Prize on 8 October 2010 , for " his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China . " <SEP> This was during the fourth time Liu was in prison .	[]
He returned to China to support the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and was imprisoned for the first time from 1989 to 1991 , again from 1995 to 1996 and yet again from 1996 to 1999 for his involvement in the democracy and human rights movement .	The first time was for his actions in the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 .	[]
In 2004 , Reporters Without Borders awarded him the Fondation de France Prize as a defender of press freedom .	In 2004 , Reporters Without Borders honored Liu 's human rights work , awarding him the Fondation de France Prize as a defender of press freedom .	[]
His wife was not permitted to observe the hearing , although his brother-in-law was present .	His wife was not permitted to watch the trial , but his brother-in-law was there .	[]
Diplomats from more than a dozen countries – including the U.S. , Britain , Canada , Sweden , Australia and New Zealand – were denied access to the court in order to watch the trial and they all stood outside the court for its duration .	Diplomats from more than 12 countries – including the U.S. , Britain , Canada , Sweden , Australia and New Zealand – were not allowed in the court . <SEP> Some diplomats stood outside the court during the whole trial .	[]
Among them were Gregory May , political officer at the U.S. Embassy , and Nicholas Weeks , first secretary of the Swedish Embassy .	Gregory May , political officer at the U.S. Embassy , and Nicholas Weeks , first secretary of the Swedish Embassy were among the diplomats who waited outside .	[]
On 8 October 2010 , the Nobel Committee awarded Liu the Nobel Peace Prize " for his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China " , saying that Liu had long been front-runner as the recipient of the prize .	On 8 October 2010 the Nobel Committee awarded Liu the Prize " for his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China " .	[]
Thorbjørn Jagland , a member and former chairman of the Norwegian Nobel Committee , and a former Prime Minister of Norway , compared Liu Xiaobo to Carl von Ossietzky , noting that he became the second Nobel Prize laureate who was prevented from receiving the prize because he died in prison .	The Norwegian Nobel Committee president Thorbjørn Jagland said the choice of Liu as the recipient of the prize had become clear early on in the process .	[]
Liu Xiaobo ( , 28 December 1955 – 13 July 2017 ) was a Chinese writer , literary critic , human rights activist , philosopher and Nobel Peace Prize laureate who called for political reforms and was involved in campaigns to end communist one-party rule in China .	Liu Xiaobo ( 28 December 1955 – 13 July 2017 ) was a Chinese intellectual , writer , human rights activist and a political prisoner in China .	[]
On 26 June 2017 , he was granted medical parole after being diagnosed with liver cancer and he died on 13 July 2017 .	On 26 June 2017 , he was granted medical parole after being diagnosed with terminal liver cancer . <SEP> He died a few weeks later on 13 July 2017 .	[]
On 26 June 2017 , it was reported that Liu had been granted medical parole after being diagnosed with terminal liver cancer in late May 2017 .	In May 2017 , Liu was diagnosed with terminal liver cancer .	[]
On 10 July , the hospital said that Liu was in critical condition , and that he was suffering from an increasingly bloated stomach , an inflamed abdominal wall , falling blood pressure , faltering kidneys , growing cancer lesions , and that they were actively rescuing him , and were starting to use continuous renal replacement therapy ( CRRT ) .	On 10 July 2017 , Liu was listed in critical condition in hospital in Shenyang .	[]
Liu Xiaobo died on 13 July 2017 in Shenyang 's First Hospital of China Medical University from liver cancer .	Liu died at a hospital in Shenyang , Liaoning , China on 13 July 2017 of multiple organ failure as a set of complications of the disease at the age of 61 .	[]
Kid Vinil , stage name of Anto ̂ nio Carlos Senefonte ( Cedral , 10 March 1955 – Sa ̃ o Paulo , 19 May 2017 ) , was a Brazilian singer , radio broadcaster , composer and journalist .	Kid Vinil , stage name of Anto ̂ nio Carlos Senefonte ( 10 March 1955 – 19 May 2017 ) , was a Brazilian singer , radio broadcaster , composer and journalist .	[]
He died on May 19 , 2017 , aged 62 .	Vinil died on 19 May 2017 from cardiac arrest in Sa ̃ o Paulo , Brazil at the age of 62 .	[]
" Tom 's Rhinoplasty " is the eleventh episode of the first season of the American animated television series " South Park " .	" Tom 's Rhinoplasty " is the eleventh episode of the first season of " South Park " .	[]
It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on February 11 , 1998 .	It was first shown on Comedy Central in the United States on February 11 , 1998 .	[]
" Tom 's Rhinoplasty " was written and directed by " South Park " co-creator Trey Parker .	It was written by the show 's co-creator Trey Parker .	[]
Concerned about the children 's education , Ms. Ellen reveals she will buy dinner for the winner of a spelling test .	When Ms. Ellen becomes worried about the student 's education , she says that the winner of a spelling test will be bought a dinner .	[]
The boys actively try to court Ms. Ellen , but Chef ( having beaten them to it ) warns them she is a lesbian and thus only likes other lesbians .	The boys attempt to date Ms. Ellen but Chef tells them that she is a lesbian and that she only likes other lesbians .	[]
The boys do not realise what this means and try to become lesbians in order to attract Ms. Ellen .	They do n't know what this means and they try to become lesbians themselves to try and attract Ms. Ellen .	[]
Meanwhile , Mr. Garrison 's nose job makes him a " hot and sexy " man , with his face resembling David Hasselhoff , and he decides to quit teaching to pursue women .	Meanwhile Mr. Garrison 's gets a nose job that makes him one of the most attractive men in South Park with his face resembling David Hasselhoff . <SEP> He decides to quit teaching and try to pursue women .	[]
Stan wins the dinner ( much to Wendy 's dismay ) , but finds out that Ms. Ellen has no intention of making love with him .	Stan is able to win the spelling test and the dinner but he finds out that Ms. Ellen has no attraction or intention of making love with him .	[]
The next day , several Iraqi men burst into the classroom and declare that Ms. Ellen is actually an Iraqi fugitive .	The next day , while Ms. Ellen is teaching the class , several Iraqi men burst through the door and say that she is actually an Iraqi fugitive .	[]
As she resists arrest , she inadvertently kills Kenny by impaling him with a sword to his face .	She resist her arrest but accidentally kills Kenny by impaling him in the face with a sword .	[]
The soldiers take her into custody and shoot her into the center of the Sun via a rocket .	They take her into custody and shoot her into the sun with a rocket .	[]
Dionibel Rodri ́ guez Rodri ́ guez ( born April 4 , 1991 ) is a track and field athlete from Spain , who competes under the T20 classification due to an intellectual disability .	Dionibel Rodri ́ guez Rodri ́ guez ( born April 4 , 1991 ) is an athlete from Spain . <SEP> He has an intellectual disability : he is a T20 type athlete .	[]
He represents several athletic teams and is supported by the Carmen Pardo Valcarce Foundation .	He gets help to play track and field from the Carmen Pardo Valcarce Foundation .	[]
He has competed at the INAS World Games , INAS World Athletics Championships and the INAS World Indoor Athletics Championships .	He competed at the INAS World Games , INAS World Athletics Championships and the INAS World Indoor Athletics Championships .	[]
Rodri ́ guez is a T20 athlete from Spain who represents the Madrid sports federation in national competitions .	Rodri ́ guez is a T20 athlete from Spain and competes for the Madrid sports federation in competitions against people from other parts of Spain .	[]
Rodriguez is a member of the athletic club , AD Marato ́ n de Madrid .	He is a member of AD Marato ́ n de Madrid .	[]
He also is a member of the Madrid Federation of Intellectual Disability Sports , and Club Sports Medicine Infant Jesus of Carmen Pardo-Valcarce Foundation .	He also belongs to the Madrid Federation of Intellectual Disability Sports , and Club Sports Medicine Infant Jesus of Carmen Pardo-Valcarce Foundation .	[]
Since 2004 , when he was 13 years old , he has been supported by the Carmen Pardo Valcarce Foundation , which allows him to compete in sport at the highest level .	Since 2004 , when he was 13 years old , he has been helped by the Carmen Pardo Valcarce Foundation .	[]
This support meant he could use some of the same training materials used by Rafa Nadal , a Spanish tennis player .	It means he can use the same tools to practice as Rafael Nadal , a Spanish tennis player .	[]
Gentoo Linux ( pronounced ) is a Linux distribution built using the Portage package management system .	Gentoo Linux is a version of the Linux operating system . <SEP> Gentoo Linux uses a package management system called Portage .	[]
Gentoo Linux was initially created by Daniel Robbins as the " Enoch Linux " distribution .	It was created by Daniel Robbins .	[]
Gentoo Linux was named after the fast-swimming gentoo penguin .	The project and its products are named after the Gentoo penguin .	[]
Gentoo package management is designed to be modular , portable , easy to maintain , and flexible .	Gentoo package management is designed to be modular , portable , easy to maintain , flexible , and optimized for the user 's machine .	[]
Severus Snape is a fictional character in J. K. Rowling 's " Harry Potter " series .	Severus Snape is a character from J.K. Rowling 's fictional book series Harry Potter .	[]
Snape dies at the hands of Lord Voldemort in the seventh book , at which time his back story is revealed .	Snape killed Dumbledore in the sixth book on Dumbledore 's request . <SEP> Just before Snape 's death in the seventh book Snape asks Harry to do alast thing for him , he asked harry to take his tears and put them in the pensive to discover Snape ’ s real story .	[]
In 1955 , she went to New York and appeared in the Broadway production of George Axelrod 's comedy " Will Success Spoil Rock Hunter ? " ,	In 1955 , Mansfield went to New York City . <SEP> She appeared in the Broadway production of " Will Success Spoil Rock Hunter ? "	[]
She performed in about 450 shows between 1955 and 1956 .	She appeared in 400 plus shows of the play between 1955 and 1956 .	[]
Twentieth Century-Fox signed Mansfield to a six-year contract on May 3 , 1956 in its New York office to mold her as a successor to the increasingly difficult Marilyn Monroe , their resident blonde bombshell , who had just completed the very difficult " Bus Stop . "	20th Century Fox signed her to a six-year contract in an effort to replace the troubled Marilyn Monroe .	[]
She undertook her first starring film role as Jerri Jordan in Frank Tashlin 's " The Girl Ca n't Help It " ( 1956 ) .	Her first starring movie role was Jerri Jordan in " The Girl Ca n't Help It " ( 1956 ) .	[]
Mansfield was still under contract to Broadway and continued playing " Will Success Spoil Rock Hunter ? "	During production , she still appeared on Broadway in " Will Success Spoil Rock Hunter ? "	[]
Her other major movie performances were in " The Girl Ca n't Help It " ( 1956 ) , " The Wayward Bus " ( 1957 ) , and " Too Hot to Handle " ( 1960 ) .	Mansfield 's movies include " The Wayward Bus " ( 1957 ) , " Too Hot to Handle " ( 1960 ) , and " Promises !	[]
( 1963 ) , she became the first major American actress starring in a Hollywood motion picture to have a nude scene .	Mansfield became the first major American actress to have a nude starring role in a Hollywood movie .	[]
" Playboy " published nude photographs of Mansfield on the set in its June 1963 issue , resulting in obscenity charges against Hugh Hefner in a Chicago court .	Hugh Hefner published nude photographs of Mansfield on the movie set in the June 1963 issue of " Playboy " .	[]
During this marriage she had three children , Miklo ́ s Jeffrey Palmer Hargitay ( born December 21 , 1958 ) , Zolta ́ n Anthony Hargitay ( born August 1 , 1960 ) , and Mariska Hargitay ( born January 23 , 1964 ) .	They had three children , Miklo ́ s Jeffrey Palmer Hargitay , Zolta ́ n Anthony Hargitay , and Mariska Magdolna Hargitay .	[]
The couple divorced in Juarez , Mexico , in May 1963 , where Nelson Sardelli accompanied Mansfield in her legal preparations .	They divorced in 1963 .	[]
Mansfield and Brody , her lawyer and alleged lover at the time , were both killed in a car crash .	Her lover Sam Brody and her driver Ronnie Harrison were also killed .	[]
Reports that Mansfield was decapitated are untrue , although she suffered severe head trauma .	An urban legend about Mansfield being decapitated in the crash is untrue .	[]
Her heart-shaped gravestone reads " We Live to Love You More Each Day . "	Her gravestone is heart-shaped .	[]
" Vulcanodon " was a small sauropod .	It was an early sauropod . <SEP> " Vulcanodon " was about 20 feet ( 6.5 m ) long .	[]
Andrew James Scheer ( born 20 May 1979 ) is a Canadian politician serving as Member of Parliament ( MP ) for the riding of Regina — Qu 'Appelle since 2004 .	Andrew James Scheer ( born May 20 , 1979 ) is a Canadian politician .	[]
He is Leader of the Conservative Party and Leader of the Official Opposition since 2017 .	He serves as the Member of Parliament ( MP ) for the riding of Regina — Qu 'Appelle since 2004 and as the Leader of the Conservative Party and Leader of the Official Opposition since 2017 .	[]
Elected to the riding of Regina — Qu 'Appelle at the age of 25 , Scheer was re-elected in 2006 , 2008 , and 2011 before becoming the Speaker of the House of Commons at age 32 , making him the youngest Speaker in the chamber 's history .	Scheer was selected to the riding of Regina — Qu 'Appelle at the age of 25 . <SEP> Scheer was reelected in 2006 , 2008 and 2011 before becoming the Speaker of the House of Commons at age 32 , making him the youngest Speaker in the chamber 's history .	[]
On 28 September 2016 , Scheer announced his bid for the leadership of the Conservative Party , running under the slogan " Real conservative .	On September 28 , 2016 , Scheer announced his bid for the leadership of the Conservative Party , running under the slogan “ Real conservative .	[]
On 27 May 2017 , he was elected Leader of the Conservative Party of Canada .	He won the leadership position on May 27 , 2017 .	[]
Scheer was elected at age 25 as a Conservative candidate in the federal election of 2004 , in the riding of Regina — Qu 'Appelle , beating New Democratic Party MP Lorne Nystrom — the longest-serving member of the House of Commons at the time — by 861 votes .	Scheer was elected for the first time in the 2004 election . <SEP> He was elected in the riding of Regina — Qu 'Appelle for the Conservative Party .	[]
He was re-elected in the federal election of 2006 , once again defeating Nystrom , this time by a margin of 2,740 votes .	He was elected again in the 2006 election .	[]
The J. Paul Getty Trust is one of world 's wealthiest art institutions with an estimated endowment in 2017 of $ US 6.9 billion .	The J. Paul Getty Trust has the most money of any art institution in the world .	[]
With an endowment of $ 4.2 billion , the Getty Trust is the wealthiest art institution in the world .	In April 2009 , it owns $ US 4.2 billion .	[]
Based in Los Angeles , California , it operates the J. Paul Getty Museum , which has two locations , the Getty Center in Los Angeles and the Getty Villa in Pacific Palisades district of Los Angeles , California .	It operates the J. Paul Getty Museum at two locations , the Getty Center in Los Angeles and the Getty Villa in Pacific Palisades district of Los Angeles , California .	[]
Its other programs are the Getty Foundation , the Getty Research Institute , and the Getty Conservation Institute .	The Trust 's other programs are the Getty Foundation , the Getty Research Institute , and the Getty Conservation Institute .	[]
In 1997 Barry Munitz was named the president and CEO of the trust .	In 1997 , Barry Munitz became the president and CEO of the trust .	[]
Early in his tenure , Munitz reorganized the Getty Trust , closing two of the institution 's six programs — the Getty Information Institute and the Getty Education Institute .	Early in his tenure , Munitz reorganized the Getty Trust , closing two of the institution 's six programs – the Getty Information Institute and the Getty Education Institute .	[]
Tarn is part of the region of Occitanie and is managed by the " General Council of the Tarn " in Albi .	The department is managed by the " Departamental Council of the Tarn " in Albi . <SEP> Tarn is part of the region of Occitanie .	[]
, are a Japanese female idol group , holding the second highest overall single sales ( of a female group ) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012 , with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 64 , and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone .	is a Japanese girl group .	[]
and colloquially referred to as Momusu ( モー娘。	The group can also be called Momusu ( モー娘。 ,	[]
They are the lead group of Hello !	They are the most important group in the Hello ! Project idol company .	[]
Japanese producer Tsunku started the group in 1997 through an audition for a female rock vocalist for his band Sharan Q.	In late 1997 , in Japan , a male singer-songwriter called Tsunku , held a contest to find a girl to be the lead singer of the band Sharam Q , which he was the frontman of .	[]
Tsunku decided to form a girl group consisting of five of the runners-up : Natsumi Abe , Yuko Nakazawa , Kaori Iida , Asuka Fukuda , and Aya Ishiguro .	The group was formed by Kaori Iida , Yuko Nakazawa , Asuka Fukuda , Aya Ishiguro and Natsumi Abe .	[]
It is caused by protozoa of the species " Trypanosoma brucei " .	It is caused by parasites from the species " Trypanosoma brucei " .	[]
The disease occurs regularly in some regions of sub-Saharan Africa with the population at risk being about 70 million in 36 countries .	Researchers say that about 70 million people , in 36 countries , are at a high risk for getting sleeping sickness .	[]
In 2015 it caused around 3,500 deaths , down from 34,000 in 1990 .	As of 2010 , sleeping sickness had caused around 9,000 deaths per year ( compared to 34,000 in 1990 ) .	[]
More than 80 % of these cases are in the Democratic Republic of the Congo .	More than 80 % of these people in the Democratic Republic of the Congo .	[]
Golshifteh Farahani ( , born 10 July 1983 in Tehran ) is an Iranian actress and singer .	Golshifteh Farahani ( , born Rahavard Farahani ; 10 July 1983 ) is an Iranian-French actress , musician and singer .	[]
In 2016 , Farahani played Anna Karenina on stage in Paris and received laudatory reviews .	In 2016 , she portrayed the title character in the stage version of " Anna Karenina " .	[]
Farahani was born on 10 July 1983 in Tehran , the daughter of Behzad Farahani , a theatre director and actor , and Fahimeh Rahim Nia .	Farahani was born in Tehran .	[]
Her sister is actress Shaghayegh Farahani .	Her father is actor Behzad Farahani and her sister is actress Shaghayegh Farahani .	[]
Super Girl or Super Voice Girls ( ; literally " Super Female Voice " , as it is homonym with " Super girl " ) was a Chinese singing contest for female contestants , organized by Hunan Satellite Television between 2004 and 2006 .	Super Girl ( ; " lit . <SEP> Super Female Voice " ) is an annual national singing contest in People 's Republic of China for female competitors .	[]
The show 's official name was Mengniu Yoghurt Super Girl Contest until 2009 ; later it was known as BBK Music Phone Super Girl Contest , after the company that sponsored the series .	The official name is The Mengniu Yoghurt Super Girl Contest , after the company that sponsored the show .	[]
It was generally described as the unofficial mainland Chinese version of the global television franchise " Pop Idol " ( 2001 ) and became one of the most popular entertainment shows in the country .	It is now one the most popular entertainment shows in China .	[]
, produced and directed by independent Chinese filmmaker Jian Yi during the 2006 contest season and released at the Cambridge Film Festival .	, produced and directed by independent Chinese filmmaker Jian Yi on the 2006 Super Voice Girls contest , released at the Cambridge Film Festival .	[]
Over 800 million text messages were sent during the third season of " Super Girl " , and fan clubs began to appear throughout the country .	Over 800,000,000 text messages were sent during the third season of " Super Girl " , and fan clubs began to appear throughout the country .	[]
James Joseph Wisniewski ( born February 21 , 1984 ) is an American professional ice hockey defenseman who is currently an unrestricted free agent .	James Joseph Wisniewski ( born February 21 , 1984 in Canton , Michigan ) is an NHL ice hockey defenceman whose rights belong to the Columbus Blue Jackets .	[]
He improved every year significantly , and was drafted in the fifth round , 156th overall , by the Chicago Blackhawks in 2002 .	He was selected by the Chicago Blackhawks with the 156th overall pick in the 2002 NHL Draft .	[]
On June 29 , 2011 , Wisniewski 's rights were traded to the Columbus Blue Jackets in exchange for a conditional seventh-round draft pick in 2012 ; the pick would become a fifth-rounder if Columbus signed him .	Wisniewski also played for the Chicago Blackhawks for 4 seasons , the Anaheim Ducks for 2 seasons , the New York Islanders for 1 season and the Montreal Canadiens for 1 season before his rights were traded to the Columbus Blue Jackets for a conditional seventh-round draft pick in 2012 for the Canadiens . <SEP> The draft pick will become a fifth-rounder if Columbus actually signs Wisniewski .	[]

When the British achieved paramountcy over India , the Nizams were allowed to continue to rule their princely states as client kings .

When the British got power over India , the Nizams continued to rule Kingdom of Hyderabad after coming into an understanding with the British .

[]

The Asaf Jah dynasty had only seven rulers ; however there was a period of 13 unstable years after the rule of the first Nizam when three of his sons ( Nasir Jung , Muzafar Jung and Salabath Jung ) ruled .

The Asaf Jah dynasty had only seven rulers . <SEP> However , for 13 years after the rule of the first Nizam , three of his sons ( Nasir Jung , Muzafar Jung and Salabath Jung ) ruled .

[]

They were never officially recognised as rulers .

They were not officially recognized as rulers .

[]

His abdication on 17 September 1948 marked the end of the dynasty 's ambitions .

The Nizam 's rule ended on 17 September 1948 .

[]

The South African Navy ( SAN ) is the naval warfare branch of the South African National Defence Force .

The South African Navy is the navy of the South African National Defence Force . <SEP> The South African Naval Service was later expanded and renamed to the South African Naval Forces ( SANF ) .

[]

The role of the navy is to prepare for and to conduct naval operations in defence of the South African state , its citizens and interests and to carry out peacetime operations in support of other national objectives .

The role of the South African Navy is to conduct naval operations in defence of the Republic of South Africa .

[]

It was renamed ' South African Navy ' on 1 July 1951 .

In 1951 , the South African Naval Forces was renamed to the South African Navy and the ship title HMSAS ( His Majesty 's South African Ship ) was changed to SAS ( South African Ship ) one year later .

[]

He served as the President of the Independent Chinese PEN Center , from 2003 to 2007 .

He has been President of the Independent Chinese PEN Center since 2003 .

[]

On 8 December 2008 , Liu was detained due to his participation with the " Charter 08 " manifesto .

On 8 December 2008 , police stopped Liu and held him because of his work with Charter 08 .

[]

He was formally arrested on 23 June 2009 on suspicion of " inciting subversion of state power " .

He was not actually arrested until 23 June 2009 .

[]

He was tried on the same charges on 23 December 2009 , and sentenced to eleven years ' imprisonment and two years ' deprivation of political rights on 25 December 2009 .

He had a trial on 23 December 2009 . <SEP> On 25 December 2009 , the court decided he must go to prison for eleven years .

[]

During his fourth prison term , Liu was awarded the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize for " his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China . "

He won the Nobel Peace Prize on 8 October 2010 , for " his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China . " <SEP> This was during the fourth time Liu was in prison .

[]

He returned to China to support the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and was imprisoned for the first time from 1989 to 1991 , again from 1995 to 1996 and yet again from 1996 to 1999 for his involvement in the democracy and human rights movement .

The first time was for his actions in the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 .

[]

In 2004 , Reporters Without Borders awarded him the Fondation de France Prize as a defender of press freedom .

In 2004 , Reporters Without Borders honored Liu 's human rights work , awarding him the Fondation de France Prize as a defender of press freedom .

[]

His wife was not permitted to observe the hearing , although his brother-in-law was present .

His wife was not permitted to watch the trial , but his brother-in-law was there .

[]

Diplomats from more than a dozen countries – including the U.S. , Britain , Canada , Sweden , Australia and New Zealand – were denied access to the court in order to watch the trial and they all stood outside the court for its duration .

Diplomats from more than 12 countries – including the U.S. , Britain , Canada , Sweden , Australia and New Zealand – were not allowed in the court . <SEP> Some diplomats stood outside the court during the whole trial .

[]

Among them were Gregory May , political officer at the U.S. Embassy , and Nicholas Weeks , first secretary of the Swedish Embassy .

Gregory May , political officer at the U.S. Embassy , and Nicholas Weeks , first secretary of the Swedish Embassy were among the diplomats who waited outside .

[]

On 8 October 2010 , the Nobel Committee awarded Liu the Nobel Peace Prize " for his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China " , saying that Liu had long been front-runner as the recipient of the prize .

On 8 October 2010 the Nobel Committee awarded Liu the Prize " for his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China " .

[]

Thorbjørn Jagland , a member and former chairman of the Norwegian Nobel Committee , and a former Prime Minister of Norway , compared Liu Xiaobo to Carl von Ossietzky , noting that he became the second Nobel Prize laureate who was prevented from receiving the prize because he died in prison .

The Norwegian Nobel Committee president Thorbjørn Jagland said the choice of Liu as the recipient of the prize had become clear early on in the process .

[]

Liu Xiaobo ( , 28 December 1955 – 13 July 2017 ) was a Chinese writer , literary critic , human rights activist , philosopher and Nobel Peace Prize laureate who called for political reforms and was involved in campaigns to end communist one-party rule in China .

Liu Xiaobo ( 28 December 1955 – 13 July 2017 ) was a Chinese intellectual , writer , human rights activist and a political prisoner in China .

[]

On 26 June 2017 , he was granted medical parole after being diagnosed with liver cancer and he died on 13 July 2017 .

On 26 June 2017 , he was granted medical parole after being diagnosed with terminal liver cancer . <SEP> He died a few weeks later on 13 July 2017 .

[]

On 26 June 2017 , it was reported that Liu had been granted medical parole after being diagnosed with terminal liver cancer in late May 2017 .

In May 2017 , Liu was diagnosed with terminal liver cancer .

[]

On 10 July , the hospital said that Liu was in critical condition , and that he was suffering from an increasingly bloated stomach , an inflamed abdominal wall , falling blood pressure , faltering kidneys , growing cancer lesions , and that they were actively rescuing him , and were starting to use continuous renal replacement therapy ( CRRT ) .

On 10 July 2017 , Liu was listed in critical condition in hospital in Shenyang .

[]

Liu Xiaobo died on 13 July 2017 in Shenyang 's First Hospital of China Medical University from liver cancer .

Liu died at a hospital in Shenyang , Liaoning , China on 13 July 2017 of multiple organ failure as a set of complications of the disease at the age of 61 .

[]

Kid Vinil , stage name of Anto ̂ nio Carlos Senefonte ( Cedral , 10 March 1955 – Sa ̃ o Paulo , 19 May 2017 ) , was a Brazilian singer , radio broadcaster , composer and journalist .

Kid Vinil , stage name of Anto ̂ nio Carlos Senefonte ( 10 March 1955 – 19 May 2017 ) , was a Brazilian singer , radio broadcaster , composer and journalist .

[]

He died on May 19 , 2017 , aged 62 .

Vinil died on 19 May 2017 from cardiac arrest in Sa ̃ o Paulo , Brazil at the age of 62 .

[]

" Tom 's Rhinoplasty " is the eleventh episode of the first season of the American animated television series " South Park " .

" Tom 's Rhinoplasty " is the eleventh episode of the first season of " South Park " .

[]

It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on February 11 , 1998 .

It was first shown on Comedy Central in the United States on February 11 , 1998 .

[]

" Tom 's Rhinoplasty " was written and directed by " South Park " co-creator Trey Parker .

It was written by the show 's co-creator Trey Parker .

[]

Concerned about the children 's education , Ms. Ellen reveals she will buy dinner for the winner of a spelling test .

When Ms. Ellen becomes worried about the student 's education , she says that the winner of a spelling test will be bought a dinner .

[]

The boys actively try to court Ms. Ellen , but Chef ( having beaten them to it ) warns them she is a lesbian and thus only likes other lesbians .

The boys attempt to date Ms. Ellen but Chef tells them that she is a lesbian and that she only likes other lesbians .

[]

The boys do not realise what this means and try to become lesbians in order to attract Ms. Ellen .

They do n't know what this means and they try to become lesbians themselves to try and attract Ms. Ellen .

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Meanwhile , Mr. Garrison 's nose job makes him a " hot and sexy " man , with his face resembling David Hasselhoff , and he decides to quit teaching to pursue women .

Meanwhile Mr. Garrison 's gets a nose job that makes him one of the most attractive men in South Park with his face resembling David Hasselhoff . <SEP> He decides to quit teaching and try to pursue women .

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Stan wins the dinner ( much to Wendy 's dismay ) , but finds out that Ms. Ellen has no intention of making love with him .

Stan is able to win the spelling test and the dinner but he finds out that Ms. Ellen has no attraction or intention of making love with him .

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The next day , several Iraqi men burst into the classroom and declare that Ms. Ellen is actually an Iraqi fugitive .

The next day , while Ms. Ellen is teaching the class , several Iraqi men burst through the door and say that she is actually an Iraqi fugitive .

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As she resists arrest , she inadvertently kills Kenny by impaling him with a sword to his face .

She resist her arrest but accidentally kills Kenny by impaling him in the face with a sword .

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The soldiers take her into custody and shoot her into the center of the Sun via a rocket .

They take her into custody and shoot her into the sun with a rocket .

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Dionibel Rodri ́ guez Rodri ́ guez ( born April 4 , 1991 ) is a track and field athlete from Spain , who competes under the T20 classification due to an intellectual disability .

Dionibel Rodri ́ guez Rodri ́ guez ( born April 4 , 1991 ) is an athlete from Spain . <SEP> He has an intellectual disability : he is a T20 type athlete .

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He represents several athletic teams and is supported by the Carmen Pardo Valcarce Foundation .

He gets help to play track and field from the Carmen Pardo Valcarce Foundation .

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He has competed at the INAS World Games , INAS World Athletics Championships and the INAS World Indoor Athletics Championships .

He competed at the INAS World Games , INAS World Athletics Championships and the INAS World Indoor Athletics Championships .

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Rodri ́ guez is a T20 athlete from Spain who represents the Madrid sports federation in national competitions .

Rodri ́ guez is a T20 athlete from Spain and competes for the Madrid sports federation in competitions against people from other parts of Spain .

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Rodriguez is a member of the athletic club , AD Marato ́ n de Madrid .

He is a member of AD Marato ́ n de Madrid .

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He also is a member of the Madrid Federation of Intellectual Disability Sports , and Club Sports Medicine Infant Jesus of Carmen Pardo-Valcarce Foundation .

He also belongs to the Madrid Federation of Intellectual Disability Sports , and Club Sports Medicine Infant Jesus of Carmen Pardo-Valcarce Foundation .

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Since 2004 , when he was 13 years old , he has been supported by the Carmen Pardo Valcarce Foundation , which allows him to compete in sport at the highest level .

Since 2004 , when he was 13 years old , he has been helped by the Carmen Pardo Valcarce Foundation .

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This support meant he could use some of the same training materials used by Rafa Nadal , a Spanish tennis player .

It means he can use the same tools to practice as Rafael Nadal , a Spanish tennis player .

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Gentoo Linux ( pronounced ) is a Linux distribution built using the Portage package management system .

Gentoo Linux is a version of the Linux operating system . <SEP> Gentoo Linux uses a package management system called Portage .

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Gentoo Linux was initially created by Daniel Robbins as the " Enoch Linux " distribution .

It was created by Daniel Robbins .

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Gentoo Linux was named after the fast-swimming gentoo penguin .

The project and its products are named after the Gentoo penguin .

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Gentoo package management is designed to be modular , portable , easy to maintain , and flexible .

Gentoo package management is designed to be modular , portable , easy to maintain , flexible , and optimized for the user 's machine .

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Severus Snape is a fictional character in J. K. Rowling 's " Harry Potter " series .

Severus Snape is a character from J.K. Rowling 's fictional book series Harry Potter .

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Snape dies at the hands of Lord Voldemort in the seventh book , at which time his back story is revealed .

Snape killed Dumbledore in the sixth book on Dumbledore 's request . <SEP> Just before Snape 's death in the seventh book Snape asks Harry to do alast thing for him , he asked harry to take his tears and put them in the pensive to discover Snape ’ s real story .

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In 1955 , she went to New York and appeared in the Broadway production of George Axelrod 's comedy " Will Success Spoil Rock Hunter ? " ,

In 1955 , Mansfield went to New York City . <SEP> She appeared in the Broadway production of " Will Success Spoil Rock Hunter ? "

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She performed in about 450 shows between 1955 and 1956 .

She appeared in 400 plus shows of the play between 1955 and 1956 .

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Twentieth Century-Fox signed Mansfield to a six-year contract on May 3 , 1956 in its New York office to mold her as a successor to the increasingly difficult Marilyn Monroe , their resident blonde bombshell , who had just completed the very difficult " Bus Stop . "

20th Century Fox signed her to a six-year contract in an effort to replace the troubled Marilyn Monroe .

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She undertook her first starring film role as Jerri Jordan in Frank Tashlin 's " The Girl Ca n't Help It " ( 1956 ) .

Her first starring movie role was Jerri Jordan in " The Girl Ca n't Help It " ( 1956 ) .

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Mansfield was still under contract to Broadway and continued playing " Will Success Spoil Rock Hunter ? "

During production , she still appeared on Broadway in " Will Success Spoil Rock Hunter ? "

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Her other major movie performances were in " The Girl Ca n't Help It " ( 1956 ) , " The Wayward Bus " ( 1957 ) , and " Too Hot to Handle " ( 1960 ) .

Mansfield 's movies include " The Wayward Bus " ( 1957 ) , " Too Hot to Handle " ( 1960 ) , and " Promises !

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( 1963 ) , she became the first major American actress starring in a Hollywood motion picture to have a nude scene .

Mansfield became the first major American actress to have a nude starring role in a Hollywood movie .

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" Playboy " published nude photographs of Mansfield on the set in its June 1963 issue , resulting in obscenity charges against Hugh Hefner in a Chicago court .

Hugh Hefner published nude photographs of Mansfield on the movie set in the June 1963 issue of " Playboy " .

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During this marriage she had three children , Miklo ́ s Jeffrey Palmer Hargitay ( born December 21 , 1958 ) , Zolta ́ n Anthony Hargitay ( born August 1 , 1960 ) , and Mariska Hargitay ( born January 23 , 1964 ) .

They had three children , Miklo ́ s Jeffrey Palmer Hargitay , Zolta ́ n Anthony Hargitay , and Mariska Magdolna Hargitay .

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The couple divorced in Juarez , Mexico , in May 1963 , where Nelson Sardelli accompanied Mansfield in her legal preparations .

They divorced in 1963 .

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Mansfield and Brody , her lawyer and alleged lover at the time , were both killed in a car crash .

Her lover Sam Brody and her driver Ronnie Harrison were also killed .

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Reports that Mansfield was decapitated are untrue , although she suffered severe head trauma .

An urban legend about Mansfield being decapitated in the crash is untrue .

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Her heart-shaped gravestone reads " We Live to Love You More Each Day . "

Her gravestone is heart-shaped .

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" Vulcanodon " was a small sauropod .

It was an early sauropod . <SEP> " Vulcanodon " was about 20 feet ( 6.5 m ) long .

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Andrew James Scheer ( born 20 May 1979 ) is a Canadian politician serving as Member of Parliament ( MP ) for the riding of Regina — Qu 'Appelle since 2004 .

Andrew James Scheer ( born May 20 , 1979 ) is a Canadian politician .

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He is Leader of the Conservative Party and Leader of the Official Opposition since 2017 .

He serves as the Member of Parliament ( MP ) for the riding of Regina — Qu 'Appelle since 2004 and as the Leader of the Conservative Party and Leader of the Official Opposition since 2017 .

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Elected to the riding of Regina — Qu 'Appelle at the age of 25 , Scheer was re-elected in 2006 , 2008 , and 2011 before becoming the Speaker of the House of Commons at age 32 , making him the youngest Speaker in the chamber 's history .

Scheer was selected to the riding of Regina — Qu 'Appelle at the age of 25 . <SEP> Scheer was reelected in 2006 , 2008 and 2011 before becoming the Speaker of the House of Commons at age 32 , making him the youngest Speaker in the chamber 's history .

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On 28 September 2016 , Scheer announced his bid for the leadership of the Conservative Party , running under the slogan " Real conservative .

On September 28 , 2016 , Scheer announced his bid for the leadership of the Conservative Party , running under the slogan “ Real conservative .

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On 27 May 2017 , he was elected Leader of the Conservative Party of Canada .

He won the leadership position on May 27 , 2017 .

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Scheer was elected at age 25 as a Conservative candidate in the federal election of 2004 , in the riding of Regina — Qu 'Appelle , beating New Democratic Party MP Lorne Nystrom — the longest-serving member of the House of Commons at the time — by 861 votes .

Scheer was elected for the first time in the 2004 election . <SEP> He was elected in the riding of Regina — Qu 'Appelle for the Conservative Party .

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He was re-elected in the federal election of 2006 , once again defeating Nystrom , this time by a margin of 2,740 votes .

He was elected again in the 2006 election .

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The J. Paul Getty Trust is one of world 's wealthiest art institutions with an estimated endowment in 2017 of $ US 6.9 billion .

The J. Paul Getty Trust has the most money of any art institution in the world .

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With an endowment of $ 4.2 billion , the Getty Trust is the wealthiest art institution in the world .

In April 2009 , it owns $ US 4.2 billion .

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Based in Los Angeles , California , it operates the J. Paul Getty Museum , which has two locations , the Getty Center in Los Angeles and the Getty Villa in Pacific Palisades district of Los Angeles , California .

It operates the J. Paul Getty Museum at two locations , the Getty Center in Los Angeles and the Getty Villa in Pacific Palisades district of Los Angeles , California .

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Its other programs are the Getty Foundation , the Getty Research Institute , and the Getty Conservation Institute .

The Trust 's other programs are the Getty Foundation , the Getty Research Institute , and the Getty Conservation Institute .

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In 1997 Barry Munitz was named the president and CEO of the trust .

In 1997 , Barry Munitz became the president and CEO of the trust .

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Early in his tenure , Munitz reorganized the Getty Trust , closing two of the institution 's six programs — the Getty Information Institute and the Getty Education Institute .

Early in his tenure , Munitz reorganized the Getty Trust , closing two of the institution 's six programs – the Getty Information Institute and the Getty Education Institute .

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Tarn is part of the region of Occitanie and is managed by the " General Council of the Tarn " in Albi .

The department is managed by the " Departamental Council of the Tarn " in Albi . <SEP> Tarn is part of the region of Occitanie .

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, are a Japanese female idol group , holding the second highest overall single sales ( of a female group ) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012 , with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 64 , and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone .

is a Japanese girl group .

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and colloquially referred to as Momusu ( モー娘。

The group can also be called Momusu ( モー娘。 ,

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They are the lead group of Hello !

They are the most important group in the Hello ! Project idol company .

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Japanese producer Tsunku started the group in 1997 through an audition for a female rock vocalist for his band Sharan Q.

In late 1997 , in Japan , a male singer-songwriter called Tsunku , held a contest to find a girl to be the lead singer of the band Sharam Q , which he was the frontman of .

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Tsunku decided to form a girl group consisting of five of the runners-up : Natsumi Abe , Yuko Nakazawa , Kaori Iida , Asuka Fukuda , and Aya Ishiguro .

The group was formed by Kaori Iida , Yuko Nakazawa , Asuka Fukuda , Aya Ishiguro and Natsumi Abe .

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It is caused by protozoa of the species " Trypanosoma brucei " .

It is caused by parasites from the species " Trypanosoma brucei " .

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The disease occurs regularly in some regions of sub-Saharan Africa with the population at risk being about 70 million in 36 countries .

Researchers say that about 70 million people , in 36 countries , are at a high risk for getting sleeping sickness .

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In 2015 it caused around 3,500 deaths , down from 34,000 in 1990 .

As of 2010 , sleeping sickness had caused around 9,000 deaths per year ( compared to 34,000 in 1990 ) .

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More than 80 % of these cases are in the Democratic Republic of the Congo .

More than 80 % of these people in the Democratic Republic of the Congo .

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Golshifteh Farahani ( , born 10 July 1983 in Tehran ) is an Iranian actress and singer .

Golshifteh Farahani ( , born Rahavard Farahani ; 10 July 1983 ) is an Iranian-French actress , musician and singer .

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In 2016 , Farahani played Anna Karenina on stage in Paris and received laudatory reviews .

In 2016 , she portrayed the title character in the stage version of " Anna Karenina " .

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Farahani was born on 10 July 1983 in Tehran , the daughter of Behzad Farahani , a theatre director and actor , and Fahimeh Rahim Nia .

Farahani was born in Tehran .

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Her sister is actress Shaghayegh Farahani .

Her father is actor Behzad Farahani and her sister is actress Shaghayegh Farahani .

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Super Girl or Super Voice Girls ( ; literally " Super Female Voice " , as it is homonym with " Super girl " ) was a Chinese singing contest for female contestants , organized by Hunan Satellite Television between 2004 and 2006 .

Super Girl ( ; " lit . <SEP> Super Female Voice " ) is an annual national singing contest in People 's Republic of China for female competitors .

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The show 's official name was Mengniu Yoghurt Super Girl Contest until 2009 ; later it was known as BBK Music Phone Super Girl Contest , after the company that sponsored the series .

The official name is The Mengniu Yoghurt Super Girl Contest , after the company that sponsored the show .

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It was generally described as the unofficial mainland Chinese version of the global television franchise " Pop Idol " ( 2001 ) and became one of the most popular entertainment shows in the country .

It is now one the most popular entertainment shows in China .

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, produced and directed by independent Chinese filmmaker Jian Yi during the 2006 contest season and released at the Cambridge Film Festival .

, produced and directed by independent Chinese filmmaker Jian Yi on the 2006 Super Voice Girls contest , released at the Cambridge Film Festival .

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Over 800 million text messages were sent during the third season of " Super Girl " , and fan clubs began to appear throughout the country .

Over 800,000,000 text messages were sent during the third season of " Super Girl " , and fan clubs began to appear throughout the country .

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James Joseph Wisniewski ( born February 21 , 1984 ) is an American professional ice hockey defenseman who is currently an unrestricted free agent .

James Joseph Wisniewski ( born February 21 , 1984 in Canton , Michigan ) is an NHL ice hockey defenceman whose rights belong to the Columbus Blue Jackets .

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He improved every year significantly , and was drafted in the fifth round , 156th overall , by the Chicago Blackhawks in 2002 .

He was selected by the Chicago Blackhawks with the 156th overall pick in the 2002 NHL Draft .

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On June 29 , 2011 , Wisniewski 's rights were traded to the Columbus Blue Jackets in exchange for a conditional seventh-round draft pick in 2012 ; the pick would become a fifth-rounder if Columbus signed him .

Wisniewski also played for the Chicago Blackhawks for 4 seasons , the Anaheim Ducks for 2 seasons , the New York Islanders for 1 season and the Montreal Canadiens for 1 season before his rights were traded to the Columbus Blue Jackets for a conditional seventh-round draft pick in 2012 for the Canadiens . <SEP> The draft pick will become a fifth-rounder if Columbus actually signs Wisniewski .

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