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part_xec/zone_of_possible_agreement

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zone_of_possible_agreement","to":"Zone of possible agreement"}],"pages":{"2222263":{"pageid":2222263,"ns":0,"title":"Zone of possible agreement","extract":"The term zone of possible agreement (ZOPA), also known as zone of potential agreement or bargaining range, describes the range of options available to two parties involved in sales and negotiation, where the respective minimum targets of the parties overlap. Where no such overlap is given, in other words where there is no rational agreement possibility, the inverse notion of NOPA (no possible agreement) applies. Where there is a ZOPA, an agreement within the zone is rational for both sides. Outside the zone no amount of negotiation should yield an agreement.\n\nAn understanding of the ZOPA is critical for a successful negotiation, but the negotiants must first know their BATNA (best alternative to a negotiated agreement), or \"walk away positions\". To determine whether there is a ZOPA both parties must explore each other's interests and values. This should be done early in the negotiation and be adjusted as more information is learned. Essential is also the ZOPA\u2019s size. Where a broad ZOPA is given, the parties might use strategies and tactics to influence the distribution within the ZOPA. Where the parties have a small ZOPA, the difficulty lies in finding agreeable terms.\n\n\nIdentifying a ZOPA\nTo determine whether there is a positive bargaining zone each party must understand their bottom line or worst case price. For example, Paul is selling his car and refuses to sell it for less than $5,000 (his worst case price). Sarah is interested and negotiates with Paul. If she offers him anything higher than $5,000 there is a positive bargaining zone, if she is unwilling to pay more than $4,500 there is a negative bargaining zone.\nA ZOPA exists if there is an overlap between each party's reservation price (bottom line). A negative bargaining zone is when there is no overlap. With a negative bargaining zone both parties may (and should) walk away.\nThrough a rational analysis of the ZOPA in business negotiations, you will be better equipped to avoid the traps of reaching an agreement for agreement's sake and viewing the negotiation as a pie to be divided.\n\n\nNegative Bargaining Zone\nIt occurs when people negotiate and cannot reach a ZOPA,so they are in negative bargaining zone. So they cannot reach a deal in negative bargaining zone, as there is no mutual understanding among them.\nFor example: Sam wants to sell his house for $9200 to buy a better apartment. but Alex wants to buy it for $7800 and cannot go higher, here the negative bargaining zone occurs.\n\n\nOvercoming a negative bargaining zone\n\nA negative bargaining zone may be overcome by \"enlarging the pie\". In integrative negotiations when dealing with a variety of issues and interests, parties that combine interests to create value reach a far more rewarding agreement. Behind every position there are usually more common interests than conflicting ones.In the example above, Sarah is unwilling to pay more than $4,500 and Paul won't accept anything less than $5,000. However, Sarah may be willing throw in some skis she received as a gift but never used. Paul, who was going to use some of the car money to buy some skis, agrees. Paul accepted less than his bottom line because value was added to the negotiation. Both parties \"win\".\nA negotiator should always start considering both parties' ZOPA at the earliest stage of his or her preparations and constantly refine and adjust these figures as the process proceeds. For every interest there often exists several possible solutions that could satisfy it.\n\n\nSee also\nBargaining\nBest alternative to a negotiated agreement\nSearch theory\nTransaction cost\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nFurther reading\nJung, Stefanie; Krebs, Peter (2019). \"The Essentials of Contract Negotiation\". doi:10.1007/978-3-030-12866-1.\nLewicki, Roy J.; Barry, Bruce; Saunders, David M. (2015) [1985]. \"Zone of potential agreement\". Negotiation (7th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Education. ISBN 9780078029448. OCLC 855263771.\nThompson, Leigh L. (2015) [1998]. \"The bargaining zone\". The mind and heart of the negotiator (6th ed.). Boston: Pearson. ISBN 9780133571776. OCLC 871228524."}}}}

part_xec/zzt-oop

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"redirects":[{"from":"ZZT-oop","to":"ZZT","tofragment":"Development"}],"pages":{"347026":{"pageid":347026,"ns":0,"title":"ZZT","extract":"ZZT is a 1991 action-adventure puzzle video game and game creation system developed and published by Potomac Computer Systems for MS-DOS. The game was later released as freeware in 1997. It represents an early example of a game that allowed players to edit using object-oriented programming. Players control a smiley face to battle various creatures and solve puzzles in different grid-based boards in a chosen world. Included in ZZT are four game worlds where players explore different boards and interact with objects such as ammo, bombs, and scrolls to reach the end of the game. It includes an in-game editor, allowing players to develop their own worlds while using the game's scripting language, ZZT-OOP.\nThe game was designed by mechanical engineering student Tim Sweeney, and took roughly six to nine months to develop. The game was built from a text editor conceived in 1989 to build a better editor for Pascal, after disliking editors that came with other programming languages for his computer. During development, he experimented with adding creatures and characters, building boards that grew into worlds while refining the editor he used to create his own games while studying at university. Initially he made the game for himself, but after positive reception from his friends and neighbors, and seeing the potential for making a profit by releasing the game under shareware, he decided to release the game publicly. Through marketing the game by distributing it across shareware vendors and bulletin board systems, he believed he could earn money through mail orders for registered worlds.\nZZT was a commercial success, selling around 4,000\u20135,000 copies by 2009. The game received mixed reception. Much of the positive reception focusing on the gameplay, editor, and the community it developed, while criticisms focused on the game's graphical and audio limitations, and perceived unfair difficulty. The game was followed by a sequel, Super ZZT (1991). Other ZZT worlds were published later as Best of ZZT (1992) and ZZT's Revenge (1992). ZZT's success led Sweeney to change his company's name to Epic MegaGames, and focus on competing as a video game company using shareware to distribute commercial games. Epic MegaGames later developed other successful games including Jill of the Jungle (1992) and Unreal (1998), using lessons from ZZT's success by focusing on developing the editor and engine to allow others to more easily make games. The game also features one of the earliest active modding communities, that has grown around the game through making new worlds, editing tools, and source ports, leading some in the community to pursue a career in the video game industry.\n\n\nGameplay\nZZT is a top-down action-adventure puzzle video game and game creation system. Players control a white smiley face on a navy blue rectangle that can move around in four directions. Players can interact with objects by touching or shooting at them. Touching ammo containers, gems, torches, and keys adds them to your status bar. Boxes of ammo allow players to fire bullets at objects, gems increase health and are used as currency, torches light up a small area around the player in dark boards, and colored keys allow players to open same-colored doors. Other objects in the game includes bombs, doors, and scrolls. One type of object called \"Object\" interacts based on written scripts using the game's scripting language, ZZT-OOP. As an example, the object could be programmed to give the player health, or fire bullets at the player, flashing text in response. At any time, players can save their progress, and return to the game's exact state.\nGame worlds are made up of objects within grid boards that connect to each other. Players can move across different boards by either reaching the edge of the board or entering teleporters. Six game worlds were made for the game's release; four of them are game worlds, and each of the four starts in a different area. Town of ZZT starts in a hub world with four buildings mixed with six exits, Caves of ZZT opens with a sparse area of torches and a scroll, Dungeons of ZZT starts with a linear opening sequence with gates that lock you inside, and City of ZZT opens with a city street as a hub with a few structures. Two other worlds were included, but served different purposes. Guided Tour ZZT's Other Worlds previewed boards of each game worlds, while Demo of the ZZT World Editor creates parallels to a museum by showing all of the items, terrains, and creatures that make up ZZT. The goal for players are to reach the end board, progressing either by collecting purple keys to open locked doors, or gathering objects throughout the world. Boards can contain action and/or puzzles. Action boards have the player face off against creatures. Creatures include lions, tigers, and bears. When creatures, bullets, or stars touch the player, they lose health. Once the player runs out of health, the game ends. Puzzles consist of untangling combinations of boulders, sliders, and pushers, or mazes that can include invisible walls and teleporters. Some puzzles can trap the player, leading players to require returning to an earlier save.\nZZT includes an in-game editor, allowing players to make their own worlds. Players would start with yellow normal walls surrounding a new board as a blank screen. The editor allowed players can add and arrange items, creatures, and terrain, and connect different boards together. Each board can be set to include specific settings, such as adding a time limit, making the board dark so the player could not see the board without a torch, or limiting the number of bullets on screen at any given time. Each board had its own isolated variables within the game, and through scripting players could create ten different boolean flags for the environment, shared across boards. Using ZZT-OOP, objects could be named, given commands for actions, and can send and receive messages. Everything within ZZT are shown through the use of the 255 characters of the IBM PC's character set to create environments. While the game had support for sixteen colors, the editor only permitted the use of seven different colors for colorable objects, and had limits in the amount of objects being placed in each board. Players learned over time of additional ways to add more colors to the game through utilizing commands and different text characters in the game, and editing world files. Sound for the game was done through the PC speaker, permitting seven notes at several different octaves, and instruments with unique pitches of clicks, pops, and snaps to represent percussion. Sounds are played through normal gameplay, or making custom sounds through scripting.\n\n\nDevelopment\n\nVideo game programmer Tim Sweeney, studying mechanical engineering at the University of Maryland, first developed ZZT as a text editor that ran in Turbo Pascal. During this time, Tim did not know how to program graphics and only had a 286 computer and a Model M keyboard. The text editor idea came from disliking the included editors for the programming languages he tried on his PC. Instead he wanted to recreate his previously made Pascal-like programming environment for the Apple II. Over time, he experimented with adding collision to text characters, and made the cursor a controllable character. He found it more fun to make it into a game by adding bullets and creatures to fight. From there, he designed his first levels from text files, creating different boards similar in style to Atari's Adventure, while continually offering additions to the game and editor over time. Sweeney would study his degree during the day, while working on his game during the night. Given the graphics were made from text, he could produce ideas such as talking trees or interesting characters without concerns about breaking immersion. Most of these additions were his own, but he occasionally took ideas from Kroz, such as the bomb. The game took around six to nine months to develop, taking under 1,000 hours of time spent developing the game, and making around 20,000 lines of Pascal code.He shared it with friends and neighborhood kids, taking notes of their joy and excitement playing his own game. He discovered that making games allowed him to share something to the world, and could earn more income compared to wage earners, and chose to sell the game. The game's episodic model took inspiration from Apogee's shareware model, where Sweeney encouraged spreading the game across shareware vendors, user groups, and bulletin board systems. He would operate his company out of his bedroom, having orders sent to his parents' address, where he would send the remaining episodes on floppy disks by mail delivery. During development, he wrote to Scott Miller for advice and to learn more about the industry. Miller responded with advice while offering him encouragement. Tim chose the name so it would be listed last alphabetically in shareware catalogs and on bulletin board systems, though a fan later suggested the backronym of \"Zoo of Zero Tolerance\", which Sweeney endorsed. He would also sell the game as the first major game with object-oriented programming. ZZT was released to the general public on January 15, 1991. Town of ZZT alongside the in-game editor would be distributed freely, while the other official worlds would have to be ordered to receive a single floppy disk including the purchased worlds, and drawn maps of each of the worlds. At one point, City of ZZT was also distributed as ZZT's City, through Softdisk's On Disk Monthly service. Each of the remaining official worlds, along with other ZZT games were later released as freeware on October 10, 1997.\n\n\nReception\nFollowing ZZT's release, the game sold about three to four copies daily, selling around 800 copies of ZZT by November 1991, and around 4,000 to 5,000 copies in total by 2009. This gave Sweeney around $100 a day by November 1991, and he earned around $30,000 from ZZT by May 1999, of which most of the profit came from its first year. After Sweeney moved out of his parents' house to establish proper corporate headquarters for Potomac Computer Systems, then renamed Epic MegaGames, his father Paul Sweeney, continued fulfilling mail orders to the original address under the \"Epic Classics\" label, allowing for purchase of physical copies of ZZT. The final copy of ZZT was shipped to game designer Zack Hiwiller in November 2013.\nContemporary and retrospective reviews from critics were mixed. A comment from Computer Gaming World billed ZZT as \"truly charming\", finding the gameplay simple to learn. Scott Wolf of PC Gamer (US) stated the graphics and sound for ZZT to be \"truly awful\", while the gameplay serves as a flashback to \"when gameplay was not overshadowed by flashy video and animation\". Benj Edwards has called ZZT an \"influential and underrated game\", crediting its current enjoyment from playing community made worlds and making unexpected things with the \"fairly robust\" built in editor. This is while crediting the official worlds for being a \"depthy adventure game full of puzzles, challenge, and humor\". Chris Kohler of Wired called ZZT a simple, fun, and not always intuitive game design tool under the fa\u00e7ade of a simple adventure game, blending seamless game design and play that makes it attractive and user-friendly. He found making a game fun, thanks to the interface being nearly identical to the game, allowing for the easy placement of objects and terrain. Rock Paper Shotgun's Ollie Toms focused on the editor, finding the game to be \"a colourful, characterful, years-long course in scripting and programming games\". He wrote that while ZZT-OOP was basic and limited, children could learn about and make games without knowing anything about programming. Hardcore Gaming 101 in a podcast episode stated ZZT was \"not all that fun\", criticizing that official worlds and community made worlds included unavoidable damage, and instant death. They found that games that attempted to expand and push the engine further are generally \"rough around the edges\", or \"more functional rather than good\". Rather, they admired ZZT like a science experiment or a demo from a demoscene, existing to study and push the limits of ZZT, finding the game itself and the community that built from it technically impressive.\n\n\nLegacy\nOn getting $100 a day from ZZT, Sweeney was convinced he could earn enough from the shareware industry, and decided to work in the video game industry. He renamed the company to Epic MegaGames in October 1991. Shortly after the release of ZZT, Sweeney started a level designer contest for registered users to make their own worlds and submit them to him. Over 200 users submitted their custom worlds. The best collaboration games that won the contest were included in The Best of ZZT and ZZT's Revenge, released in 1992. The winners of the contest received prizes of gift certificates, while others would receive honorable mentions. The six winning custom worlds that made up ZZT's Revenge earned the designers employment in Epic MegaGames, with the winning worlds being \"Ezanya\", \"Fantasy\", \"Crypt\", \"Smiley Guy\", \"Manor\", and \"Darbytown\". Sweeney later asked one of these developers, Allen Pilgrim, to create the shareware world \"Monster Zoo\" for the sequel to ZZT, Super ZZT, released on October 15, 1991. Other worlds available for purchase were \"Proving Grounds\" and \"Lost Forest\". The game plays similarly to ZZT, while adding more features such as greater colors accessible within its editor, new enemies and objects, and scrolling map screens that allowed for larger boards than in ZZT. Although Super ZZT incorporated several additions to ZZT, it never caught on with the ZZT community like the original ZZT did, and very few games were ever created for Super ZZT, with one reason being due to the editor being hidden during normal play.After publishing Best of ZZT and ZZT's Revenge, Sweeney realized the community began creating worlds that reached or exceeded the quality of his work. Furthermore, he believed that games with cutting edge graphics and sound similar in commercial quality to Super Nintendo or Sega Genesis games would sell more in the shareware model, taking influence from Commander Keen and Duke Nukem. As such, he moved away from ZZT indefinitely to work on other projects like Jill of the Jungle. While he has commented on wanting to build a massive-multiplayer online version of ZZT during an interview, his future focus on the company was to move forward with new franchises, while learning from the success of ZZT. Sweeney and Mark Rein later credited that much of the core idea of Unreal and Unreal Engine came from what Sweeney learned from the success of ZZT, with a focus on building games with clean code and editing tools, so that others can build their own games. Mark Rein has claimed that Unreal Tournament became a spiritual successor to the game thanks to the game's modding community and versatile developer tools.The game has developed an early example of a modding community, emerging within Prodigy, America Online, Compuserve, and the Internet. Many fan-made worlds and editing tools were created following the game's release, with a fan website, Museum of ZZT, devoted to archiving and curating game worlds and utilities made by users. The game provided those in the community with an outlet for creativity and self-expression without artistic or programming skills, especially among stigmatized groups such as transgender people. As of 2021, more than 3,000 worlds have been created and archived whether made using the built in editor, or third party editors such as KevEdit. Tim Sweeney has claimed that tens of thousands of workers in the game industry have previously made worlds in ZZT. A source port called \"Zeta\" allowed for playing ZZT games on Microsoft Windows or a web browser, while another source port, \"DreamZZT\", attempted ports to consoles, specifically the Sega Dreamcast and Nintendo DS. Worlds continue to be developed that have expanded beyond its intended genre, creating shoot 'em ups, falling block puzzle games, complex role-playing games, and point-and-click adventure games, sometimes deriving from other entertainment titles. While the source code of ZZT was lost in a crash, a community developer, Adrian Siekierka, reconstructed and released the source code in 2020, creating a binary accurate executable of ZZT with Sweeney's permission. Other games have been inspired by ZZT, such as MegaZeux, PuzzleScript and Frog Fractions 2, and authors of ZZT worlds went on to become video game developers. Rock Paper Shotgun has made comparisons to Minecraft and Roblox, in its ability to serve as a start for new video game developers, while Wired and Hardcore Gaming 101 has found similarities in its seamless blend of gameplay and editing to LittleBigPlanet.\n\n\nFurther reading\nAnthropy, Anna (2014). ZZT. Boss Fight Books. ISBN 978-1-940535-02-9.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nOfficial website at the Wayback Machine (archived January 26, 2002)\nZZT at MobyGames"}}}}

part_xec/zombie_prom

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zombie_Prom","to":"Zombie Prom"}],"pages":{"5269124":{"pageid":5269124,"ns":0,"title":"Zombie Prom","extract":"Zombie Prom is an Off-Broadway musical with music by Dana P. Rowe and a book and lyrics by John Dempsey, later adapted into a short film. It was first produced at the Red Barn Theatre, Key West, Florida in 1993. It opened off-Broadway in New York City at the Variety Arts Theatre in 1996. It also opened November 2009 in London with a UK Premiere at the off-West End Landor Theatre.\n\n\nStory\n\n\nAct I\nZombie Prom is set at Enrico Fermi High School, a school located near a very unstable nuclear power plant.\nThe students and staff go through their daily routine (\"Enrico Fermi High\"); among them is Jonny, a rebel who spells his name without the traditional 'H', the good-girl heroine, Toffee, and Miss Strict, the principal of Enrico Fermi High School. The day is interrupted by an air raid siren, signalling a duck-and-cover drill. Jonny and Toffee meet and fall in love (\"Ain't No Goin' Back\"). They date for several months before Toffee's parents forbid her from seeing Jonny. She reluctantly breaks up with him, and Jonny commits suicide by hurling himself into the Francis Gary Powers nuclear power plant, causing a \"class 3 nuclear disaster\". He is buried at sea in international waters, with the rest of the nuclear waste.\nThree weeks pass. Toffee's friends notice that she is upset and distracted. She expresses sadness over Jonny's death, and retells the night from her point of view (\"Jonny Don't Go\").\nAs the rest of the school gets ready for the senior prom, Toffee continues to wear black clothing in mourning for Jonny (\"Good As It Gets\"). Her friends insist that she should go to prom and get over Jonny's death, but she refuses. She also occasionally hears Jonny's voice (\"The C Word\"). Frustrated at constantly being told to get over Jonny, she states that \"life's a trap of the same old crap.\" 'Crap,' however, is a taboo word at Enrico Fermi High; Toffee's friend Ginger tells on her to Miss Strict, and Miss Strict reminds her of the school's philosophy, something the students are very familiar with (\"Rules, Regulations, and Respect\").\nToffee continues to hear Jonny's voice, eventually hearing it coming from inside her locker. He begs to be let free and bursts from the locker, shocking the other students (\"Blast From The Past\"). This is not well-received, and the students are scared and disgusted by Jonny's deteriorating appearance. Not to miss out on a story, reporter Eddie Flagrante picks up on the story from Josh, a cub reporter from Enrico Fermi High (\"That's the Beat For Me\"). He elaborates on his job, and his goal in journalism: \"Tamer than Playboy, but bigger than Life.\"\nTrying to cope with Jonny's unexpected reappearance, Toffee talks with him about what brought him back - her voice, as it turns out (\"The Voice in the Ocean\"). Inspired to return to school, Jonny is ready to graduate (\"It's Alive\"). Miss Strict, however, adamantly refuses to allow him to re-enroll and bans him from school, despite Jonny's new appreciation for Miss Strict and her ideals.\nOverwhelmed, Toffee struggles to decide what to do next. Her friends urge her to give up on Jonny and move on, while Jonny's friends encourage him to do the same to her, as they believe Toffee has made her answer clear by not immediately taking him back. Jonny pleads with Toffee to get back together with him, unsuccessfully (\"Where Do We Go From Here?\"). Josh points Jonny out to a visiting Flagrante, who recognizes Miss Strict. He states that it has been \"a very long time\" and the two have a cryptic conversation, in which Miss Strict is defensive and angry for an unknown reason. The three then begin to argue over Jonny's rights; Flagrante believes Jonny should be allowed to return and preventing him from doing so is an infringement on his civil rights, while Miss Strict believes the school rules should be enforced and breaking tradition even once is too dangerous to risk, especially for a student as unremarkable as Jonny (who genuinely just wants to return to school). Neither side gives in, and the argument ends in a stalemate (\"Trio [Case Closed]\").\n\n\nAct II\nThe students at Enrico Fermi High school protest that Jonny should be let back into school (\"Then Came Jonny\"). Miss Strict retaliates by canceling the pep squad; not slowed by her tactics, they begin to disobey the dress code. Miss Strict dismantles the baseball team, but even so, the students make a petition to reinstate Jonny as a student. Miss Strict puts all seniors on probation, threatens to cancel all after-school events, and promises that at the next transgression, she can and will cancel the senior prom.\nFlagrante has continued to report on Jonny's story on television (\"Come Join Us\"). During a commercial break, he asks for the number to Our Lady of Divine Masochism, a Catholic orphanage, for unspecified reasons. While being interviewed by Flagrante, Jonny explains that he cannot give up love because it is what brought him back (\"How Can I Say Good-Bye?\").\nMeanwhile, Toffee can't keep focused on her schoolwork. She debates with herself if she should take back Jonny. Her friends call on a party line and talk with her about her situation. None of them missed Jonny's TV appearance, which was broadcast on \"all three channels\". In the end, Toffee chooses to take Jonny back (\"Easy to Say\").\nFlagrante tracks down Miss Strict and begins flirting with her (\"Expos\u00e9\"). It is revealed that they were lovers in high school, with a very physical relationship - the last time they were together, Miss Strict reminds him, was in the back seat of his father's Studebaker. Each feels that the other had abandoned them, but no specifics are revealed.\nProm night arrives, and the students marvel at how the school has been decorated (\"Isn't It?\"). Toffee approaches Jonny, who has snuck into the prom, and tells him that she'll always be with him. They dance and continue to profess their love for each other (\"Forbidden Love\"). However, Jonny is then caught by Miss Strict, who stops everything to kick him out. Before she can do so, Eddie Flagrante appears in order to confront Miss Strict about her secrets and her hostility towards Jonny, but she refuses to explain herself (\"The Lid's Been Blown\"). Pushed by Flagrante, Miss Strict reveals her past (\"Delilah's Confession\"); despite her mother's warnings, she had been dating \"a boy from the wrong side of the tracks\" - Flagrante. On the evening of her own prom, she and Flagrante drove around before stopping off an old highway and slept together, resulting in Miss Strict becoming pregnant. Once her parents found out, she was sent to a home for unwed mothers in Santa Fe, New Mexico to give birth. Her son was taken away to an orphanage, and Miss Strict was never able to identify the child. Flagrante, who had investigated the orphanage, reveals that Jonny is their long-lost son and proposes to Miss Strict. Overjoyed, Miss Strict allows the prom to continue and permits Jonny to come back to school. The students reflect on how their realities are so much different than their dreams, but still life's worth living, and Toffee and Jonny have one more dance before the curtain drops (\"Zombie Prom\").\n\n\nCharacters\nJonny Warner: a \"bad boy\" who becomes romantically involved with Toffee, his classmate. After Toffee breaks up with him under the orders of her disapproving parents, he commits suicide by jumping into a nuclear reactor and is buried at sea with the rest of the nuclear waste generated by the disaster his death caused. He then comes back from the dead as a zombie, due to the nuclear waste he was buried with, and sets out to return to school and win Toffee back. It is revealed at the end of the musical that he is Miss Strict and Eddie Flagrante's son.\nToffee: Jonny's girlfriend. After his death, she is riddled with guilt, and becomes even more conflicted when he is revived. Eventually, she chooses him, even though it is the less safe thing to do.\nDelilah Strict: the principal of Enrico Fermi High School, the school Jonny and Toffee attend. True to her name, she is extremely harsh and rigidly adheres to rules and tradition. This is later revealed to be due to her teenage pregnancy (which resulted in Jonny's birth).\nEddie Flagrante: An investigative reporter. Very determined and inquisitive, he takes a strong interest in Jonny and his death and subsequent revival and discovers that Jonny is his son, conceived with his high-school girlfriend, Miss Strict.\nJake, Joey, Josh, Candy, Ginger, and Coco: Jonny and Toffee's friends, who generally encourage the two to give up on their relationship (for differing reasons, most notably Jonny's appearance and Toffee's reluctance to take him back).\n\n\nMusical numbers\n\n\nOff-Broadway cast\nThe cast of the 1996 Off-Broadway Production was as follows:\nEddie Flagrante \u2013 Richard Muenz\nDelilah Strict \u2013 Karen Murphey\nJonny Warner \u2013 Richard Roland\nToffee \u2013 Jessica-Snow Wilson\nCoco \u2013 Cathy Trien\nGinger \u2013 Natalie Toro\nCandy \u2013 Rebecca Rich\nJoey \u2013 Marc Lovci\nJake \u2013 Stephen Bienskie\nJosh \u2013 Jeff Skowron\nSwings \u2013 Ronit Mitzner, DJ Salisbury\n\n\nCritical reception\nReviews of the original Off-Broadway production were generally mixed to negative, with critics praising the cast and the show's humor while also criticizing the book. In his review for The New York Times, critic Ben Brantley wrote:\n\n\"Zombie Prom, ... is itself like a model high school student: it's genial and hard working, and it doesn't embarrass you. But for a musical whose hero is a gangrenous corpse, it is also exceptionally bland. ... [the show] relies heavily on this sort of straight-faced pairing of Eisenhower-era perkiness with the nuclear nightmare sensibility of horror movies of the same time. It is essentially a one-joke show, very much in need of more bite than the director Philip William McKinley seems willing to give it, that would have worked better as an extended sketch in a revue.\"\nGreg Evans, in his review for Variety praised the performances from the cast, but compared the show unfavorably to Grease and Little Shop of Horrors, writing \"Lacking the spark of the former or bite of the latter, \u201cZombie Prom\u201d is like any old human prom, a lot of fuss for a very little fun.\"\n\n\nAdaptations\n\n\n2006 short film\nA short film adaptation of Zombie Prom (with a running time of only 36 minutes) was released in 2006 at a number of film festivals, receiving a 4-star review on Film Threat and awards including Best Short Film at the Palm Beach International Film Festival. The cast includes drag queen RuPaul as Principal Strict. The film was directed by Vince Marcello.\n\n\nFeature film\nIn June 2015, Variety reported that a feature film adaptation was in production with Vince Marcello and Mark Landry writing the screenplay, and Marcello directing. As of 2022, no new information has surfaced about the film.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nZombie Prom: The Musical \u2013 Composer's website\n\"Zombie Prom Original Off-Broadway Cast Recording\" \u2013 First Night Records\nZombie Prom - The Musical (official) \u2013 On Pinterest\nZombie Prom: The Musical\nZombie Prom 2010 London amateur production\nZombie Prom: The Movie \u2013 Official website\nZombie Prom at IMDb"}}}}

part_xec/zombillenium

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"54056522":{"pageid":54056522,"ns":0,"title":"Zombillenium","extract":"Zombillenium (French: Zombill\u00e9nium) is a 2017 French-Belgian animated film directed by Arthur de Pins and Alexis Ducord, based on the comic series of the same name. It was shown in the Special Screening section at the 2017 Cannes Film Festival.\n\n\nCast\nEmmanuel Curtil as Hector\nAlain Choquet as Francis\nKelly Marot as Gretchen\nAlexis Tomassian as Steven\n\n\nSee also\nGeraldine (2000 film), an animated short film by Arthur de Pins\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nZombillenium at IMDb"}}}}

part_xec/zukelwa_cwaba

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zukelwa_Cwaba","to":"Zukelwa Cwaba"}],"pages":{"33903560":{"pageid":33903560,"ns":0,"title":"Zukelwa Cwaba","extract":"Zukelwa Cwaba (born 15 October 1984) is a South African netball player. She plays in the positions of GK, GD, GS and GA. She is a member of the South Africa national netball team and has competed in the 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi, the 2007 World Netball Championships in Auckland and the 2011 World Netball Championships in Singapore. She has also participated in the 2011 World Netball Series in Liverpool, UK.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zoran_kastel

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zoran_Kastel","to":"Zoran Kastel"}],"pages":{"13141116":{"pageid":13141116,"ns":0,"title":"Zoran Kastel","extract":"Zoran Kastel (born 22 October 1972) is a Croatian professional football manager and former player who most recently manager of Prva HNL club Vara\u017edin.\n\n\nPlaying career\n\n\nClub\nBorn in Vara\u017edin, Kastel joined the youth academy of the local powerhouse Varteks. He was promoted to the club's first team squad for the 1998\u201399 season, and soon established himself as a regular member of the team, appearing in 23 league matches in his debut season. He had appeared in a total of 171 Prva HNL matches and scored 9 goals in his seven and a half seasons with Varteks, before leaving the club to join the Albanian Superliga side Dinamo Tirana during the winter break of the 2006\u201307 season. He played for the Albanian powerhouse for a season and a half, before retiring in July 2007.\n\n\nManagerial statistics\nAs of match played 22 May 2021\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nZoran Kastel at Soccerway.com\nZoran Kastel at WorldFootball.net\nZoran Kastel at 1.HNL.net (in Croatian)"}}}}

part_xec/zsolt_csampa

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zsolt_Csampa","to":"Zsolt Csampa"}],"pages":{"35638907":{"pageid":35638907,"ns":0,"title":"Zsolt Csampa","extract":"Zsolt Csampa (born 27 November 1974) is a Hungarian politician, member of the National Assembly (MP) from National List between 2002 and 2010. He became Member of Parliament from Borsod-Aba\u00faj-Zempl\u00e9n County Regional List in 2010. Since 14 May 2010 he has been vice-chairman of the Defence and Internal Security Committee.Csampa joined Hungarian Democratic Forum (MDF) in 1998. He left the party and its parliamentary group in 2004. He worked as an independent MP until the 2006 parliamentary election.He was elected chairman of the Hungarian Fencing Federation in July 2012, replacing J\u00e1nos Er\u0151s.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zum_schwan

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zum_Schwan","to":"Zum Schwan"}],"pages":{"53305941":{"pageid":53305941,"ns":0,"title":"Zum Schwan","extract":"Zum Schwan is one of the oldest inns in Saxony founded in 1458 and located in the historic city center of Oschatz, Germany.\n\n\nHistory\nHistorical events:\n\nThe guest house forms the corner from Neumarkt to Sporerstra\u00dfe. In 1458, a Peter Dorbach owned \"Die Stuben\", in which Elector Ernst von Sachsen was already a guest in 1477. The house was first mentioned as an inn in 1547, which received a 1602 electoral privilege.\nSince 1630 it is attested as an inn \"Zum Weissen Schwan\" and existed since 1656 out of two houses, which both city fires have lasted. During the time of the Poststrasse, the rulers often rose here. Frequent conversions changed and supplemented the property.\nSince 1872, the inn was owned by the Krug family and after 1980 owned by the consumer cooperative. From 1990, this venerable property was closed.\nOn October 23 1999, it was reopened after 10 months of reconstruction. Well-kept gastronomy and modern hotel industry await the guests.\nIn September 2005, the capacity of the hotel expanded by two bed houses at the Altmarkt, which are connected to the guest house by a covered corridor.\n\n\nSee also\nList of oldest companies\nList of hotels in Germany\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nHomepage\nLocation on Google Maps"}}}}

part_xec/zoya_pirzad

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zoya_Pirzad","to":"Zoya Pirzad"}],"pages":{"8790914":{"pageid":8790914,"ns":0,"title":"Zoya Pirzad","extract":"Zoya Zana Pirzad (also spelled as Zoy\u0101 Pirz\u0101d; Persian: \u0632\u0648\u06cc\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0632\u0627\u062f; Armenian: \u0536\u0578\u0575\u0561 \u0553\u056b\u0580\u0566\u0561\u0564; born 1952 in Abadan) is an Iranian-Armenian writer and novelist. Her mother is Iranian Armenian and her father comes from a Russian background. She grew up in Tehran and is now married with two sons, Sasha and Shervin.\n\n\nWorks\nPirzad's first novel, Cheragh-ha ra man khamush mikonam (I Will Turn Off the Lights; published in English as Things We Left Unsaid) has been published numerous times in Iran and has been translated to several languages.Stains in se ketab is written during the historical stage of Iran when due to common Islamic beliefs, many educated and intellectual Iranian women felt captured in their home and they were not allowed to participate in their society. This story can be analyzed based on Queer feminism theories which opposed to essentialism, the idea that a person\u2019s true identity is composed of fixed and unchanging properties. Queer instead supports the idea that human identity is formed by the culture into which one is born. Recognizing that gender, what it means to be a man or a woman, is a constantly changing concept, they became social constructivists. She also uses the theories of Jung psychology which refers to some of our unconscious that is shared with all other members of the human species to express the influences of past generations, in which their thoughts and feelings toward women is still continuing in Iran\u2019s society. In this story she talks about a modern Iranian woman's desires, confusion, and the domestic life of the woman that is not fulfilling any more.\n\n\nAwards\nI Will Turn Off the Lights won the 2002 Hooshang Golshiri Literary Award for the 'Best Novel of the Year' for her \"superb characterization, ingenious representation of the conflicting emotions of a woman, creating suspense through defamiliarization of everyday life, creating a language in perfect harmony with the theme and characters of the novel\".Zoya Pirzad has become the latest Iranian figure to receive France\u2019s Chevalier of Legion of Honor award.\n\n\nBooks\nThings We Left Unsaid (Cheraghha ra man khamush mikonam), tr. Franklin Lewis, London: Oneworld, 2012.\nThe Space Between Us (Yek ruz mandeh beh eid-e pak 'The day before Easter'), tr. Amy Motlagh, London: Oneworld, 2014.\nThe Acrid Taste of Persimmon (Ta'am-e gas-e khormalu)\nLike Every Evening (Mesl-e hame-ye asrha)\nWe Will Get Used to It (Adat mikonim)All the books mentioned above have been translated into French and published by Zulma Publishers in Paris.Zoya Pirzad's works have also been translated into German, Greek, Italian, Polish, Slovene, Spanish and Turkish, published in those countries.\nThe Polish translation of the short story \u201cP\u00e8re Lachaise\u201d appeared in the anthology Kolacja cyprysu i ognia. Wsp\u00f3\u0142czesne opowiadania ira\u0144skie (Dinner of the Cypress and Fire. Contemporary Iranian Short Stories) selected and rendered into Polish by Ivonna Nowicka, Warszawa 2003.\n\n\nSee also\nPersian literature\nList of famous Persian women\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nFurther reading\nVoegeli, M. (2015) \u201cQuiet Lives and Looming Horrors \u2013 Subversive Narrative Strategies in the Earliest Short Stories of Z\u014dy\u0101 P\u012brz\u0101d,\u201d in Krasnowolska, A. and Rusek-Kowalska, R. (eds) Studies on the Iranian World: Medieval and Modern. Jagiellonian University Press, pp. 107\u2013116.\nYaghoobi, Claudia. \u201cPirzad\u2019s Diasporic Transnational Subjects in \u2018A Day Before Easter\u2019.\u201d International Journal of Persian Literature, Issue 3. 1 (August 2018): 110-132.\nYaghoobi, Claudia (2019). \"The Fluidity of Iranian-Armenian Identity in Zoya Pirzad's Things Left Unsaid\". International Journal of Persian Literature. 4 (1): 103\u2013120. doi:10.5325/intejperslite.4.0103. S2CID 212966702."}}}}

part_xec/zsofia_szilagyi

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zs\u00f3fia_Szil\u00e1gyi","to":"Zs\u00f3fia Szil\u00e1gyi"}],"pages":{"47998190":{"pageid":47998190,"ns":0,"title":"Zs\u00f3fia Szil\u00e1gyi","extract":"Zs\u00f3fia Szil\u00e1gyi (Hungarian: Szil\u00e1gyi Zs\u00f3fia) was a Hungarian noblewoman from the House of Szil\u00e1gyi, she was the daughter of L\u00e1szl\u00f3 Szil\u00e1gyi and Katalin Belly\u00e9ni. Zs\u00f3fia Szil\u00e1gyi was the wife of P\u00e9ter Ger\u00e9b de Ving\u00e1rt, vice-voivode of Transylvania.Zs\u00f3fia Szil\u00e1gyi had the following children:\nIstv\u00e1n\nL\u00f5rinc\nP\u00e9ter, which was Hetman of Oberschlesien and Palatine of the Kingdom of Hungary, he married Dorottya Kanizsai\nM\u00e1ty\u00e1s, which was Ban of Croatia (1483\u20131489) and Ban of Slavonia\nL\u00e1szl\u00f3 (born after 1447 - d. 25.7.1502), which was Archbishop of Kalocsa\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zurab_sturua

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zurab_Sturua","to":"Zurab Sturua"}],"pages":{"33727168":{"pageid":33727168,"ns":0,"title":"Zurab Sturua","extract":"Zurab Sturua (born 8 June 1959) is a Georgian chess player, who was awarded the title of grandmaster by FIDE in 1991.\nHe won the Georgian Chess Championship in 1975, 1977, 1981, 1984 and 1985 and played for Georgia in the Chess Olympiads of 1992, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000 and 2002.Sturua won the Master Open of the Biel Chess Festival in 1991 and 1996. He tied for 1st\u20135th places with Jaan Ehlvest, Christopher Lutz, Gyula Sax and Aleksander Delchev at Pula 1997. In 1998, he tied for 7th\u201311th with Giorgi Bagaturov, Ioannis Nikolaidis, and Ashot Nadanian in the zonal tournament in Panormo, Crete, which was the qualifying tournament for the FIDE World Chess Championship 1999.In 2005 , Sturua tied for 1st\u20132nd with Mikheil Kekelidze at the Zayed Open in Dubai, winning the tournament on tiebreak.Sturua won the over-50 section of the World Seniors' Championship in 2014 and won the same division at the European Seniors' Championship in 2015, 2016, and 2019.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nZurab Sturua chess games at 365Chess.com\nZurab Sturua player profile and games at Chessgames.com"}}}}

part_xec/zorokiv

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"27304742":{"pageid":27304742,"ns":0,"title":"Zorokiv","extract":"Zorokiv (Ukrainian: \u0417\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432) is a village in the Zhytomyr Raion of Zhytomyr Oblast in west-central Ukraine, approximately 16 km. from the provincial capital of Zhytomir. One of the oldest settlements in the region, it is known for the St. Basil the Great Church which was built in 1772. The current population of Zorokiv is approximately 310. Zorokiv was the birthplace of Ukrainian writer and journalist Julian Movchan and ancestral home of his family. \n\n\nHistory\n\nIn ancient times, the area near Zorokiv was inhabited by the forest-dwelling east Slavic tribe Drevlyans and was subsequently, in the 10th century, incorporated into Kievan Rus. Agricultural settlements are mentioned as early as the 11th century.\nZorokiv's name is rooted in the word \"Zro\", meaning to \"look\", and referred to viewing the thick forest that once surrounded the village. It was built near the small creek named the Zorka.\nSt. Basil the Great Cathedral was built in 1772 with funds gathered from the parishioners themselves. The belltower was added in 1869. The Church served as the village's cultural center. Zorokiv had a village school from at least 1870. Its first teacher was the village priest, father Ilian Panteleimonovich Kulchytsky. \nSoviet rule came to Zorokiv for the first time in 1918. The village Soviet was established in 1921. In August 1941 Zorokiv was occupied by German forces, and many of its villagers were active in the partisan movement. One of them, Sophia Macymivna Movchan, was awarded the Order of the Red Star for her service. Overall, 118 of Zorokiv's inhabitants died in the fight against Nazi Germany.\n\n\nReferences\nHistory of Cherniakhiv Region. Published by the Cherniakhiv Regional Council, Zhytomir, Ukraine."}}}}

part_xec/zuglio

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"6719121":{"pageid":6719121,"ns":0,"title":"Zuglio","extract":"Zuglio (Friulian: Zui) is a comune (municipality), former bishopric and Latin Catholic titular see in the Province of Udine in the northeastern Italian autonomous region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 110 kilometres (68 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northwest of Udine in the Val B\u00fbt.\nIts territory includes the Pieve of San Pietro in Carnia, one of the oldest churches in Friuli. Zuglio is also home to an archaeological museum including remains from the old Roman town (Iulium Carnicum) and the whole Carnia.\n\n\nEcclesiastical history\n\nThe Diocese of Zuglio (Italian) or Iulium Carnicum (in Latin) was established in 380 AD (or later according to the source) on territory -originally Cadorna and Carnia - split off from the then Diocese of Aquileia and became its suffragan at its elevation to (metropolitan) Patriarchate of Aquileia in 560. The strategic position on the Iulia Augusta (connecting Aquileia, by Monte Croce Carnico, to Aguntum in Noricum) brought wealth and extended jurisdiction\nThe barbaric invasions made the inhabitants flee the city, first probably translating their basilica and episcopal see up to San Pietro mount but abandoning Zuglio in 705 after a terrible raid by the Avars. The Longobard historian Paulus Diaconus notes that bishop Fidentius transferred his see to Cividale but his successor, Amatore, was chased there to in 737 by Patriarch Callixtus of Aquileia, who made Cividale his patriarchal see.\nIt was suppressed in 740 at bishop Amatore's death, its territory being merged into the Patriarchate of Aquileia, but retained the right to a cathedral chapter until the Napoleonic era. Its former Cathedral, S. Pietro in Carnia, in Zuglio, was not granted co-cathedral status. Carnia ended up in the Archdiocese of Udine, Cadore went in 1846 to the Diocese of Belluno.\n\n\nResidential Ordinaries\nSuffragan Bishops of Zuglio(Roman Rite)\n(incomplete)\n\nAmantius = Amanzio(393 \u2013 death 413)\n...\nJanuarius = Ianuario (480 \u2013 death 490)\n...\nMaxentius = Massensio (571? \u2013 591?) \n...\nFidenzio = Fidentius (705? \u2013 ?)\nAmator(e) (737? \u2013 death ?740).\n\n\nTitular see\nIn 1967 the diocese was nominally restored as Latin Catholic Titular bishopric of Zuglio (Italian) alias Iulium Carnicum.\nIt has had the following incumbents, of the fitting episcopal (lowest) rank or the higher archiepiscopal (intermediary) rank:\n\nTitular Bishop Aldo Gobbi (1967.04.22 \u2013 death 1973.11.29) as Auxiliary Bishop of Diocese of Imola (Italy) (1967.04.22 \u2013 1973.11.29)\nTitular Bishop Emilio Pizzoni (1974.03.21 \u2013 resigned 1985.08.01) as Auxiliary Bishop of Archdiocese of Udine (Italy) (1966.09.06 \u2013 retired 1985.08.01), died 1994; previously Bishop of Terracina (Italy) (1951.03.27 \u2013 1966.09.06), Bishop of Priverno (Italy) (1951.03.27 \u2013 1966.09.06), Bishop of Sezze (Italy) (1951.03.27 \u2013 1966.09.06), Titular Bishop of Gunugus (1966.09.06 \u2013 1974.03.21)\nTitular Bishop Pietro Brollo (1985.10.21 \u2013 1996.01.02) as Auxiliary Bishop of Archdiocese of Udine (Italy) (1985.10.21 \u2013 1996.01.02); later Bishop of Belluno\u2013Feltre (Italy) (1996.01.02 \u2013 2000.10.28), Metropolitan Archbishop of above Udine (Italy) (2000.10.28 \u2013 death 2009.08.20)\nTitular Bishop Alfred Kipkoech Arap Rotich (1996.03.09 \u2013 1997.08.29) as Auxiliary Bishop of Archdiocese of Nairobi (Kenya) (1996.03.09 \u2013 1997.08.29); next Military Ordinary of Kenya (Kenya) (1997.08.29 \u2013 retired 2016.12.30)\nTitular Archbishop Cardinal Mario Zenari (1999.07.12 \u2013 2016.11.19), as papal diplomat: Apostolic Nuncio (ambassador) to Burkina Faso (1999.07.24 \u2013 2004.05.10), Apostolic Nuncio to Sri Lanka (2004.05.10 \u2013 2008.12.30), Apostolic Nuncio to Syria (2008.12.30 \u2013 ...); next created Cardinal-Deacon of S. Maria delle Grazie alle Fornaci fuori Porta Cavalleggeri (2016.11.19 [2017.03.25] \u2013 ...)\nTitular Bishop Pedro Sergio de Jes\u00fas Mena D\u00edaz (2017.05.27 \u2013 ...), Bishop-elect as Auxiliary Bishop of Archdiocese of Yucat\u00e1n (Mexico) (2017.05.27 \u2013 ...).\n\n\nTwin towns\n Rosegg, Austria\n\n\nSee also\nList of Catholic dioceses in Italy\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nSources and external links\nOfficial website\nGCatholic with titular incumbent bio linksBibliographyFrancesco Lanzoni, Le diocesi d'Italia dalle origini al principio del secolo VII (an. 604), vol. II, Faenza 1927, pp. 895\u2013896"}}}}

part_xec/zygaena_cambysea

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zygaena_cambysea","to":"Zygaena cambysea"}],"pages":{"25689207":{"pageid":25689207,"ns":0,"title":"Zygaena cambysea","extract":"Zygaena cambysea is a moth of the family Zygaenidae. It is found in the Middle East, including Iran. It is rosy-red like cuvieri, but differs in the body being entirely black, without red collar and belt. In the form rosacea Rom. from Armenia the spots of the forewing are so merged that the wings appear almost evenly carmine. \n\n\nSubspecies\nZygaena cambysea cambysea (Iran)\nZygaena cambysea kamarana\nZygaena cambysea hafis Reiss, 1938 (Iran)\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nImages representing Zygaena cambysea at Bold"}}}}

part_xec/z-train

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"27269310":{"pageid":27269310,"ns":0,"title":"Z-Train","extract":"The Z-Train was the original name of a proposed passenger train service that would operate primarily on Union Pacific Railroad lines between Los Angeles Union Station, Ontario, California, and a new station to be built adjacent to the Las Vegas Strip, with a travel time of five to five-and-a-half hours. Amtrak last operated passenger train service to Las Vegas in 1997 on the Desert Wind. The train would offer an alternative to traveling on congested Interstate 15.\n\n\nSee also\nCalifornia\u2013Nevada Interstate Maglev\nBrightline West\nLas Vegas Railway Express\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zoltew

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"21997826":{"pageid":21997826,"ns":0,"title":"\u017b\u00f3\u0142tew","extract":"\u017b\u00f3\u0142tew [\u02c8\u0290uu\u032ft\u025bf] (German: Hundsforth) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Police, within Police County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland, close to the German border.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zschadrass

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"3001376":{"pageid":3001376,"ns":0,"title":"Zschadra\u00df","extract":"Zschadra\u00df is a village and a former municipality in the Leipzig district in Saxony, Germany. Since 1 January 2011, it is part of the town Colditz.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nPage with information about the former municipality Zschadra\u00df on colditz.de (German language)"}}}}

part_xec/zoo_park

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zoo_Park","to":"Zoo Park"}],"pages":{"16142173":{"pageid":16142173,"ns":0,"title":"Zoo Park","extract":"Zoo Park is a public park on Independence Avenue in downtown Windhoek, Namibia. It is also a focal point of social life in the city The current park is landscaped and features a pond, children's playground and open-air theatre.\n\n\nHistory\n\n\nPre-history\nThe remains of an elephant from between 5,000 and 20,000 years ago were uncovered in 1961, making the elephant kill there one of the earliest known such events in human history.\n\n\nColonial\nThe area then known as Schutztruppe Memorial was designated by the German colonial authorities in what was then German South West Africa in 1897. It was created to honor the German soldiers who died in the war against Namaqua leader Hendrik Witbooi. The land was transferred to local control in 1911, when it was expanded. Cafe Zoo, which is still in operation, opened in 1916 after the coming of South African military control. From 1960 to 1963, the park was reshaped to accommodate the widening of modern Independence Avenue and Fidel Castro St. (then Kaiser Strasse and Peter M\u0171eller Strasse). In 1967, the park was renamed in honor of Dr. Hendrik Verwoerd, the architect of Apartheid. In February 1989, with independence and majority rule just 13 months away, the park was renamed to its current title.\n\n\nIndependence\nIn August 2006, a suggestion by the group Africawise Namibia suggested the park be renamed in honor of Pan-Africanist Marcus Garvey.\n\n\nSee also\nWindhoek\nKhomasdal\nKatutura\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zte_orbit

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"ZTE_Orbit","to":"ZTE Orbit"}],"pages":{"53151177":{"pageid":53151177,"ns":0,"title":"ZTE Orbit","extract":"The ZTE Orbit (also known as the ZTE Render) is a budget smartphone developed by ZTE that runs Microsoft's Windows Phone 7.5 operating system. It was announced on February 27, 2012 and became available in September 2012. The Orbit is the first Windows Phone device to include near field communication. In late September 2012 it was announced a CDMA variant of the Orbit would also launch as the ZTE Render in the US on US Cellular.\n\n\nPrimary features\nThe primary features of the Orbit are:\n4.0in 800x480 TFT touchscreen display with 233 PPI\n5 MP primary camera\n720p video recording\nNear field communications (NFC)\n\n\nAvailability\nThe Orbit was announced at the Mobile World Congress in 2012 as ZTE's second Windows Phone after the ZTE Tania and launched in September 2012. It is targeted primarily at emerging markets as well as East Asia. The Orbit was also announced as one of the launch devices for the Windows Phone platform in China alongside the HTC Titan and a variant of the Nokia Lumia 800. In the United States the Orbit launched as a carrier exclusive on US Cellular as the ZTE Render where it was also eventually updated to Windows Phone 7.8.\n\n\nReception\nThe Orbit received mixed reviews upon its announcement and launch. Reviewers noted the relatively low price for the device and that it was targeted for emerging markets and for low cost no-contract sales in the developed world. The device was praised for its speed, build quality, aesthetic design, and the presence of NFC, however its thickness, touch screen quality, low brightness levels, and lack of apps that utilize NFC were areas of concern. Additionally, the device was compared to the Nokia Lumia 610 which launched as a direct competitor.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zugienie

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"21730949":{"pageid":21730949,"ns":0,"title":"\u017bugienie","extract":"\u017bugienie [\u0290u\u02c8\u0261\u02b2\u025b\u0272\u025b] (German: Sugnienen) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pieni\u0119\u017cno, within Braniewo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north of Pieni\u0119\u017cno, 22 km (14 mi) south-east of Braniewo, and 60 km (37 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zonitidae

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"11655692":{"pageid":11655692,"ns":0,"title":"Zonitidae","extract":"Zonitidae, common name the true glass snails, are a family of mostly rather small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Zonitoidea.\nZonitidae is the only family in the superfamily Zonitoidea. The family's type genus is Zonites, established by Pierre Denys de Montfort in 1810. This family has no subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).\n\n\nDistribution\nThe distribution of the Zonitidae encompasses the western Palearctic.\n\n\nShell description\nThe spiral, heliciform shells of these snails are flattened in shape with a very low spire. The shell is perforate or umbilicate. The lip of the aperture is simple, lacking thickened margin. These shells are more or less transparent as if made of glass, hence the popular name \"glass snails\". The shells are colorless or of an amber to brownish color.\n\n\nBiology\nSome snails in genera within this family create and use love darts as part of their mating behavior.\nIn this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 21 and 25 and also lies between 31 and 35, but other values are also possible (according to the values in this table).\n\n\nEcology\nThese snails live in damp places under stones and similar objects. The true glass snails are usually nocturnal.\n\n\nGenera\nGenera within the family Zonitidae include:\n\nAegopis Fitzinger, 1833\nAegopinella Lindholm, 1927\nAllaegopis Riedel, 1979\nBalcanodiscus Riedel & Urbanski, 1964\nBrazieria Ancey, 1887\nDoraegopis Riedel, 1982\nEopolita Pollonera, 1916\nGlyphyalinia Martens, 1892 \nGollumia Riedel, 1988\nMeledella Sturany, 1908\nMesomphix Rafinesque, 1819\nOgaridiscus Dall, 1877\nParaegopis Hesse, 1910\nParavitrea Pilsbry, 1898\nRetinella Fischer, 1877\nThasiogenes Riedel, 1998\nTroglaegopis Riedel & Radja, 1983\nTurcozonites Riedel, 1987\nVentridens Binney & Bland, 1869\nZonites Montfort, 1810 \u2013 type genus\n\n\nCladogram\nThe following cladogram shows the phylogenic relationships of this family to other families in the limacoid clade:\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nFurther reading\nRiedel A. The Zonitidae of Greece. Fauna Graeciae V. 194 pp.\nSchileyko A. A. (2003). \"Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate mollusks. 10. Ariophantidae, Ostracolethaidae, Ryssotidae, Milacidae, Dyakiidae, Staffordiidae, Gastrodontidae, Zonitidae, Daudebardiidae, Parmacellidae\". Ruthenica, Supplement 2. 1309\u20131466."}}}}

part_xec/zurcher_vokalisten

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Z\u00fcrcher_Vokalisten","to":"Z\u00fcrcher Vokalisten"}],"pages":{"43292604":{"pageid":43292604,"ns":0,"title":"Z\u00fcrcher Vokalisten","extract":"The a cappella choir Z\u00fcrcher Vokalisten was founded in Zurich, Switzerland, in 2002 by its current director Christian Dillig. The choir comprises about 30 singers. Its focus is on more challenging a cappella compositions from a wide range of styles and periods with a more recent special attention to composers from Northern and Eastern countries. The choir has presented about 30 different programmes since its foundation, the range of which extends from the Renaissance madrigal to vocal jazz.\nPrograms which focus on particular topics such as \"Lachen und Weinen\", \"Wind und Wetter\", \"Musik zum Frieden\", \"Wiege des Jahres\" have been contrasted by programs with an emphasis on compositions from particular regions such as the Nordic countries, the Baltic countries, Russia or France. In addition, the choir has realized two Jazz-projects and repeatedly returns to performing oratories such as King David by Arthur Honegger, Faur\u00e9's Requiem and Rossini's Petite messe solennelle\" . Particular highlights in its history were Durufl\u00e9's Requiem (2008), the Mass for double choir by Frank Martin (composer) (2012), which was performed together with the professional chamber choir Cantus Uschgorod (Ukraine), Missa de Lumine by David Haladjian, performed together with the Armenian Chamber Players (2009), and the Three-Choir-Project presenting Max Reger's \"Vater unser\" together with the choirs Notabene, Basel, and the Vokalensemble Novantiqua, Bern (2011).\nIn 2013 the Z\u00fcrcher Vokalisten received the Prix Helvetic at the \"Concours Choral\" in Fribourg, Switzerland. And also in 2013, the label Spektral published the choir's first CD \"Blue Bird\". In spring 2014 the choir toured Slovenia and gave concerts in Ajdov\u0161\u010dina und Ljubljana.\n\n\nSources\nHomepage of Z\u00fcrcher Vokalisten"}}}}

part_xec/zydrunas_ilgauskas

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zydrunas_Ilgauskas","to":"Zydrunas Ilgauskas"}],"pages":{"780999":{"pageid":780999,"ns":0,"title":"Zydrunas Ilgauskas","extract":"Zydrunas Ilgauskas (Lithuanian: \u017dydr\u016bnas Ilgauskas; Lithuanian pronunciation: [\u0291i\u02d0\u02c8dr\u00fb\u02d0n\u0250s \u026a\u026b\u02c8\u0261\u0250\u0302\u02d1\u028a\u032fsk\u0250s] (listen); born June 5, 1975) is a Lithuanian-born American former professional basketball player who played the center position. The 7'3\" Ilgauskas played for the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association from 1997 to 2010 and played for the Miami Heat during the 2010\u201311 season. He was named to the 1997\u201398 All-Rookie First Team and is a two-time NBA All-Star. Ilgauskas played in the 2007 NBA Finals as a member of the Cavaliers. He is known for his accurate jump shot, for his rebounding, and for overcoming difficult injury challenges during his career. Nicknamed Big Z, Ilgauskas is the Cavaliers' career leader in blocked shots; his jersey no. 11 has been retired by the team.\nIn 2012, Ilgauskas joined the Cavaliers' front office, becoming a special advisor to the organization.\n\n\nProfessional career\n\n\nAtletas (1993\u20131996)\nIlgauskas made his professional debut in his birthplace of Kaunas, with local club Atletas in 1993. He averaged 20.3 points, 12.8 rebounds and 2.8 blocks per game in the 1994\u201395 season.\n\n\nCleveland Cavaliers (1996\u20132010)\n\nIlgauskas was selected by the Cleveland Cavaliers with the 20th overall pick in the 1996 NBA draft. On August 1, 1996, he signed a multi-year deal with the Cavaliers. In the earliest parts of his career he suffered through a myriad of foot and ankle injuries. He spent the entire 1996\u201397 season on the injured list due to a broken bone in his right foot.\nHe was named the most valuable player of the Rookie Challenge during All-Star Weekend and selected to the All-Rookie First Team in 1997\u201398. He signed a contract extension in 1998 that was worth $70.9 million over 6 years. However, Ilgauskas played in only 5 games over the next two seasons. On January 26, 2000, he had a surgery on a fractured navicular bone in his left foot.\nHe re-gained the starting center spot for the Cavaliers in 2000\u201301. He was injured again in December 2000 and was out for the season. The injury dealt a blow to the Cavaliers. After winning 15 out of 23 games with Ilgauskas, they finished with a 30\u201352 record.\nHe returned in December 2001 and was mostly used as a backup to Chris Mihm for the rest of the season.\nIlgauskas averaged 17.2 points and 7.5 rebounds in 2002\u201303. He was selected as an All-Star, but the Cavaliers finished with the third-worst record in team history (17\u201365) and landed the number one draft pick.\nThe Cavaliers drafted high school phenomenon and future NBA MVP LeBron James in 2003. James teamed up with Ilgauskas and Drew Gooden to form the core of the team. Ilgauskas only missed nine games over the next three seasons and was selected as an All-Star again in 2005.\n\nOn July 12, 2005, Ilgauskas signed a contract extension with the Cavaliers. The deal was reportedly worth over $55 million over five years.For the next four seasons, Ilgauskas was the starting center for the team, which had turned into a contender. They reached the NBA Finals in 2007 and the Eastern Conference Finals in 2009. In summer 2009, the Cavaliers acquired Shaquille O'Neal. When asked about the trade, Ilgauskas responded: \"I was just reading the news. That means I'll probably be coming off the bench.\" On December 2, 2009, Ilgauskas came off the bench in a game against Phoenix Suns to break the team record for career games played, overtaking general manager Danny Ferry.On February 17, 2010, Ilgauskas, along with a 2010 first round pick and the rights to Emir Preld\u017ei\u010d, was traded from the Cavaliers to the Washington Wizards as part of a three-team, six-player trade that sent Antawn Jamison from Washington to Cleveland, Al Thornton from the Los Angeles Clippers to Washington, Drew Gooden from Washington to Los Angeles, and Sebastian Telfair from Los Angeles to Cleveland. On February 25, 2010, the Wizards bought out his contract, making him a free agent. Ilgauskas did not play in any games for the Wizards. It was possible for Ilgauskas to return to the Cavaliers, but only after a 30-day waiting period policy required for players traded from their former teams after being bought out of their contract by their new team. He was still free to sign with any other team.\nOn March 23, 2010 Ilgauskas signed a one-year deal for the remainder of the 2009\u201310 season with the Cleveland Cavaliers. He made his return a day later in a win over the New Orleans Hornets. In his first home game back with the team, against the Sacramento Kings, Ilgauskas received huge ovations and support from the crowd. Quicken Loans Arena was affectionately renamed \"The Z\" for the day, in honor of the Lithuanian.The 2010 NBA playoffs marked the first time in Ilgauskas' career in which he was not a significant part of the Cavaliers' rotation. Ilgauskas saw only 69 minutes of floor time in the entire postseason, resulting in averages of 1.7 PPG and 1.6 RPG, far below his career playoff production. The Cavaliers were eliminated by the Boston Celtics in the Eastern Conference semifinals.\nOn March 8, 2014, Ilgauskas' number 11 was retired by the Cleveland Cavaliers. At the time, he was only the third European to be honored in this way by an NBA team, after Dra\u017een Petrovi\u0107 and Vlade Divac.\n\n\nMiami Heat (2010\u20132011)\n\nOn July 17, 2010, Ilgauskas signed with the Miami Heat. The Heat's signings of Chris Bosh and long-time teammate LeBron James influenced Ilgauskas's decision to join the Heat. On December 2, during the Heat's first game in Cleveland, the fans cheered Ilgauskas in pre-game introductions, while booing the rest of the starters, including James. The Heat made it to the 2011 NBA Finals, but fell short to the Dallas Mavericks in six games.\nIn September 2011, Ilgauskas announced that he was retiring from basketball, saying he wanted to spend more time with his family as well as citing long-term personal physical fatigue and basic bodily wear-and-tear.\n\n\nNational team career\nIlgauskas made his debut with the Lithuania national team in 1994, when the team was qualifying for a spot in the EuroBasket 1995. He averaged 7.7 points and 7 rebounds per game. He later wanted to play for the Lithuania national team in the 2008 Summer Olympics, but the Cavaliers did not permit him to play due to his injury history.\n\n\nNBA career statistics\n\n\nRegular season\n\n\nPlayoffs\n\n\nFront office work\nOn January 11, 2012, Ilgauskas made a return to Cleveland when he was hired by then Cleveland Cavaliers GM Chris Grant to serve as his assistant. His duties included evaluating amateur and pro talent prospects.\n\n\nCoaching career\nOn September 18, 2015, Ilgauskas joined Saint Ignatius High School as the assistant coach for the boys' team.\n\n\nPersonal life\nIlgauskas married his wife, Jennifer, during the summer of 2004. In 2007, the couple lost a set of twins due to pregnancy complications that caused the infants to be born four months premature. In the summer of 2009, Ilgauskas adopted two Lithuanian brothers (aged five and four at the time) from his hometown of Kaunas. On September 13, 2022, it was announced that Jennifer died on September 11.Ilgauskas is an avid reader. He particularly enjoys military history. During his playing career, he often read in the locker room before games.Ilgauskas became a United States citizen in 2013. In so doing, he lost his Lithuanian citizenship, as Lithuania limits the possibility of dual citizenship.\n\n\nSee also\n\nList of National Basketball Association career blocks leaders\nList of tallest players in National Basketball Association history\nList of European basketball players in the United States\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n\nCareer statistics and player information from NBA.com and Basketball-Reference.com\nESPN.com profile"}}}}

part_xec/zurich_rehalp_railway_station

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Z\u00fcrich_Rehalp_railway_station","to":"Z\u00fcrich Rehalp railway station"}],"pages":{"49631224":{"pageid":49631224,"ns":0,"title":"Z\u00fcrich Rehalp railway station","extract":"Z\u00fcrich Rehalp railway station (German: Bahnhof Z\u00fcrich Rehalp) is a railway station and tram stop in the Swiss canton of Z\u00fcrich, on the boundary between the city of Z\u00fcrich and the municipality of Zollikon. The station is located on the line of the Forchbahn (FB), which is operated as Z\u00fcrich S-Bahn service S18. The station is operated by Verkehrsbetriebe Z\u00fcrich and Forchbahn AG and is the first true railway station on the S18 outbound from its city terminus at Z\u00fcrich Stadelhofen FB. Between Stadelhofen and a point immediately to the city side of Rehalp station, the S18 operates over the tracks of the Z\u00fcrich tram network, stopping at selected tram stops. Beyond Rehalp, the service operates on its own dedicated right of way.On the opposite side of the Forchstrasse main road lies the turnaround loop and platforms for route 11 of the Z\u00fcrich tram system, which operates over the same tracks as the S18 between Stadelhofen and Rehalp, but serving all intermediate tram stops.\n\n\nServices\nAs of the December 2020 timetable change, the following rail services stop at Z\u00fcrich Rehalp:\nZ\u00fcrich S-Bahn S18: service every fifteen minutes between Z\u00fcrich Stadelhofen FB and Forch; every other train continues from Forch to Esslingen.\n\n\nGallery\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n Media related to Rehalp railway station at Wikimedia Commons\nHaltestelleninfos \u2013 Forchbahn (in German)"}}}}

part_xec/zygomaticofacial_foramen

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zygomaticofacial_foramen","to":"Zygomaticofacial foramen"}],"pages":{"4518292":{"pageid":4518292,"ns":0,"title":"Zygomaticofacial foramen","extract":"The zygomaticofacial foramen is a small aperture. It perforates the malar surface of the convex zygomatic bone near its center, for the passage of the zygomaticofacial nerve and vessels. Below this foramen is a slight elevation, which gives origin to the Zygomaticus.\n\n\nReferences\n This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 164 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)\n\n\nExternal links\nAnatomy figure: 22:01-08 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center"}}}}

part_xec/zuk

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"4266910":{"pageid":4266910,"ns":0,"title":"Zuk","extract":"Zuk may refer to:\n\nZuk (surname)\nZuk, Iran, a village in Iran\nFSC \u017buk, a Polish motor vehicle\nZUK Mobile, a smartphone company owned by Chinese technology company Lenovo\n\n\nSee also\nAll pages with titles containing Zuk\nZhuk (disambiguation)"}}}}

part_xec/zwiebelkuchen

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"793839":{"pageid":793839,"ns":0,"title":"Zwiebelkuchen","extract":"Zwiebelkuchen (German for \"onion cake\") is a savory German onion cake made of steamed onions, diced bacon, cream, and caraway seeds on either a yeast or leavened dough.\n\n\nSee also\nFlammkuchen Similar Alsatian and South-Western German dish\nList of onion dishes.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nRecipe for a Mainzer Zwiebelkuchen (German)\nRecipe for a Quiche-like Zwiebelkuchen (German)\n Media related to Zwiebelkuchen at Wikimedia Commons"}}}}

part_xec/zoya_rozhdestvenskaya

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zoya_Rozhdestvenskaya","to":"Zoya Rozhdestvenskaya"}],"pages":{"44082066":{"pageid":44082066,"ns":0,"title":"Zoya Rozhdestvenskaya","extract":"Zoya Nikolayevna Rozhdestvenskaya (Russian: \u0417\u043e\u044f \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0420\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f; 16 August 1906 \u2014 8 November 1953) was a Soviet singer, a holder of the title of Meritorious Artist of the RSFSR. She was the original performer of the song \"Moya Moskva\" (\"My Moscow\") that many years later became the hymn of Moscow. (She was the one who sang on the first recording of the song.)\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n Media related to Zoya Rozhdestvenskaya at Wikimedia Commons"}}}}

part_xec/zoe_baker

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zo\u00eb_Baker","to":"Zo\u00eb Baker"}],"pages":{"21479155":{"pageid":21479155,"ns":0,"title":"Zo\u00eb Baker","extract":"Zo\u00eb Baker (born 29 February 1976) is a former world record holder in swimming who represented Great Britain until 2005, when she switched allegiance to New Zealand whilst living there. She later returned to the United Kingdom and she switched her allegiance back to Great Britain in 2011.\n\n\nSwimming career\n\n\nNational titles\nBaker won the ASA National British Championships 50 metres breaststroke title eight times (1992, 1993, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003).\n\n\n1999\nAt the 1999 European Aquatics Championships in Istanbul, Baker swam 31.43 seconds in the semifinal of the 50-m breaststroke to set a European record. She collected a silver medal in the final.\n\n\n2000\nBaker earned the silver medal in the 50-m breaststroke at the 2000 European Aquatics Championships in Helsinki, finishing behind \u00c1gnes Kov\u00e1cs of Hungary.\n\n\n2001\nBaker won the bronze medal in the 50-m breaststroke at the 2001 FINA World Championships in Fukuoka, Japan, finishing with a time of 31.40.\n\n\n2002\nBaker represented England at the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester winning the gold medal in the women's 50 m breaststroke in a time of 30.60 seconds. She also set a world record of 30.57 seconds in the semifinal round of the same event, breaking the previous mark set by Penny Heyns of South Africa. In addition, she set a short-course world record with a mark of 30.53 seconds at the South African National Short Championships in Durban, then surpassed that mark later in the same month.\n\n\n2003\nIn 2003 Baker collected another medal in the 50-m breaststroke, a bronze at the 2003 FINA World Aquatics Championships in Barcelona behind Chinese swimmer Luo Xuejuan.\n\n\n2006\nAt the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne she was 4th in the same event, this time representing New Zealand.\n\n\n2012\nIn January 2012 Baker switched her allegiance back to Great Britain for international swimming competitions.\n\n\nCoaching career\nBaker is the head coach of the Bournemouth Collegiate School Swimming Academy.\n\n\nSee also\nWorld record progression 50 metres breaststroke\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nZoe Baker at the Commonwealth Games Federation"}}}}

part_xec/zohanru

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"42010299":{"pageid":42010299,"ns":0,"title":"Zohanru","extract":"Zohanru (Persian: \u0630\u0647\u0646\u0631\u0648, also Romanized as Z\u0304ohanr\u016b) is a village in Birk Rural District, in the Central District of Mehrestan County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 36, in 9 families.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zupetinci

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"28771922":{"pageid":28771922,"ns":0,"title":"\u017dupetinci","extract":"\u017dupetinci (pronounced [\u02c8\u0292u\u02d0p\u025btintsi]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Cerkvenjak in northeastern Slovenia. It lies in the Slovene Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice) in the valley of \u017dupetinci Creek (\u017dupetinski potok), a minor left tributary of the Pesnica River. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria and is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n\u017dupetinci on Geopedia"}}}}

part_xec/zub

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"13644983":{"pageid":13644983,"ns":0,"title":"Zub","extract":"Zub is a 1986 platform video game designed by Ste and John Pickford, developed by Binary Design, and published by Mastertronic for the Amstrad CPC, Commodore 64 and ZX Spectrum. The game has the player control Zub, who has to travel to different planets to retrieve the Green Eyeball of Zub. A parody of the game Light Force, called Lightfarce, was added in as an easter egg. The music on all computers was composed by David Whittaker. \nThe game received positive reviews for the Spectrum and Amstrad versions, with the Commodore version garnering negative reception. \n\n\nPlot and Gameplay\n\nIn Zub, Private Zub, is tasked by the King Zub to reclaim the Green Eyeball of Zub from his brother. Private Zub, having never been in combat for 478 years, is promoted to Sergeant and sent off to make his way to planet Zub 10.Controlling the mission bound Zub, the player must travel through the Zub system, from planets Zub 1 to 10, to retrieve the crown jewel and return it.\n\n\nDevelopment\nZub was developed by Ste and John Pickford. It was originally titled Zob but was changed due to it being a slang term in French. It was released for the Amstrad CPC, Commodore 64 and ZX Spectrum computers under Mastertronic's M.A.D (Mastertronic's Added Dimension) imprint. David Whittaker composed the music for the game. The inclusion of the Lightfarce came from the brothers frustrations with the positive press Light Force was receiving. It took the brothers two and a half day to create the game. Believing it to be unreleaseable, it was included in Zub at the end of its development cycle as an easter egg.Originally meant to be a twelve week project, the game ended up taking sixteen to twenty weeks to complete. Due to delay, Mastertronic released the game compatible with the ZX Spectrum 48K, lacking in features such as animated sequences. Mastertronic later released a 128K version and offered customers who bought the 48K a free copy of the enhanced version.\n\n\nReception\n\nZub received generally positive reviews for the ZX Spectrum and Amstrad computers. Bob Wade for Amstrad Action gave praise for its presentation and graphics but thought it lacked in variety. Reviewers for Amtix! called it one of the better budget titles for the Amstrad. Graham Taylor for Sinclair User declared it to be a \"vital purchase\". Your Sinclair's Marcus Berkmann singled out the game's use of humour and considered it the type of game a budget title should be.The Commodore 64 version was negatively received. Zzap!64 described the game as \"a glamorous but tedious clone of Frogger. Richard Bradbury from Commodore User criticized its sound effects and over called it \"a rather weak and repetitive game\" that had little or no appeal.The Pickford brothers, while not having actual sales information, estimated that the Spectrum and Commodore versions both sold 60,000 copies while the Amstrad sold 50,000. The brothers considered the game to be released in an unfinished state.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nZub at Lemon 64\nZub at SpectrumComputing.co.ukZub can be played for free in the browser at the Internet Archive"}}}}

part_xec/zvezdelina_stankova

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zvezdelina_Stankova","to":"Zvezdelina Stankova"}],"pages":{"49295094":{"pageid":49295094,"ns":0,"title":"Zvezdelina Stankova","extract":"Zvezdelina Entcheva Stankova (Bulgarian: \u0417\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0415\u043d\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430; born 15 September 1969) is a professor of mathematics at Mills College and a teaching professor at the University of California, Berkeley, the founder of the Berkeley Math Circle, and an expert in the combinatorial enumeration of permutations with forbidden patterns.\n\n\nBiography\nStankova was born in Ruse, Bulgaria. She began attending the Ruse math circle as a fifth grader in Bulgaria, the same year she learned to solve the Rubik's Cube and began winning regional mathematics competitions. She later wrote of this experience that \"if I was not a member of Ruse SMC I would not be able to make such profound achievements in mathematics\". She became a student at an elite English-language high school, and competed on the Bulgarian team in the International Mathematical Olympiads in 1987 and 1988, earning silver medals both times. She entered Sofia University but in 1989, as the Iron Curtain was falling, became one of 15 Bulgarian students selected to travel to the US to complete their studies.Stankova studied at Bryn Mawr College, completing bachelor's and master's degrees there in 1992, with Rhonda Hughes as a faculty mentor. While an undergraduate, she participated in a summer research program with Joseph Gallian at the University of Minnesota Duluth, which began her interest in permutation patterns. Next, she went to Harvard University for her doctoral studies, and earned a Ph.D. there in 1997; her dissertation, entitled Moduli of Trigonal Curves, was supervised by Joe Harris.She worked at the University of California, Berkeley as Morrey Assistant Professor of Mathematics before joining the Mills College faculty in 1999, and continues to teach one course per year as a visiting professor at Berkeley. She also serves on the advisory board of the Proof School in San Francisco.\n\n\nContributions\nIn the theory of permutation patterns, Stankova is known for proving that the permutations with the forbidden pattern 1342 are equinumerous with the permutations with forbidden pattern 2413, an important step in the enumeration of permutations avoiding a pattern of length 4.In 1998 she became the founder and director of the Berkeley Math Circle, an after-school mathematics enrichment program that Stankova modeled after her early experiences learning mathematics in Bulgaria. The Berkeley circle was only the second math circle in the US (after one in Boston); following its success, over 100 other circles have been created, and Stankova has assisted in the formation of many of them.Also in 1998, she founded the Bay Area Mathematical Olympiad. For six years, she served as a coach of the US International Mathematical Olympiad team.Since 2013, she has featured in several videos on the mathematics-themed YouTube channel \"Numberphile\".\n\n\nPublications\nWith Tom Rike, she is co-editor of two books about her work with the Berkeley Math Circle, A Decade of the Berkeley Math Circle: The American Experience (Vol. I, 2008, Vol. II, 2014).\n\n\nAwards and honors\nIn 1992, Stankova won the Alice T. Schafer Prize of the Association for Women in Mathematics for her undergraduate research in permutation patterns. In 2004 she became one of two inaugural winners of the Henry L. Alder Award for Distinguished Teaching by a Beginning College or University Mathematics Faculty Member.\nIn 2011 Stankova won the Deborah and Franklin Tepper Haimo Award for Distinguished College or University Teaching, given by the Mathematical Association of America, \"for her outstanding work in teaching, mentoring, and inspiring students at all levels, and in leading the development of Math Circles, and promoting participation in mathematics competitions\".\nFrom 2009 to 2012 she was the Frederick A. Rice Professor of Mathematics at Mills.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nZvezdelina Stankova in the Oberwolfach photo collection\nModuli of Trigonal Curves Paper based on PhD thesis."}}}}

part_xec/zygosepalum

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"25892804":{"pageid":25892804,"ns":0,"title":"Zygosepalum","extract":"Zygosepalum is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae.\n\n\nSpecies\nSpecies accepted by the Plants of the World Online as of 2022:\nZygosepalum angustilabium (C.Schweinf.) Garay\nZygosepalum ballii (Rolfe) Garay\nZygosepalum kegelii (Rchb.f.) Rchb.f.\nZygosepalum labiosum (Rich.) C.Schweinf.\nZygosepalum lindeniae (Rolfe) Garay & Dunst.\nZygosepalum marginatum Garay\nZygosepalum revolutum Garay & G.A.Romero\nZygosepalum tatei (Ames & C.Schweinf.) Garay & Dunst.\n\n\nSee also\nList of Orchidaceae genera\n\n\nReferences\n\nPridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (1999). Genera Orchidacearum 1. Oxford Univ. Press.\nPridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2001). Genera Orchidacearum 2. Oxford Univ. Press.\nPridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2003). Genera Orchidacearum 3. Oxford Univ. Press\nBerg Pana, H. 2005. Handbuch der Orchideen-Namen. Dictionary of Orchid Names. Dizionario dei nomi delle orchidee. Ulmer, Stuttgart\n\n\nExternal links\n Data related to Zygosepalum at Wikispecies\n Media related to Zygosepalum at Wikimedia Commons"}}}}

part_xec/zourafa

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"47179900":{"pageid":47179900,"ns":0,"title":"Zourafa","extract":"Zourafa or Ladoxera (Greek: \u0396\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b1 or \u039b\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1) is a uninhabited Greek islet rock in the Aegean Sea, east of Samothrace, and north of Imbros. It lies at the northeastern tip of the Thracian Sporades, and is administratively part of the regional unit of Evros. Its total area is only 9 sq.m. and the total length of the coastline 12 meters (in previous measurements 165 meters). It belongs to the protected areas of the pan-European program NATURA since 2011.\n\n\nName\nThere appear to be various hypotheses about the origin of the first name. The earliest reference is to an Ottoman map of 1521 by the Ottoman Turkish explorer Piri Reis, which describes it as Zurafa Kaya (modern Turkish: Z\u00fcrafa Kayal\u0131klar\u0131, Giraffe Rocks) without being depicted, so its current name is alleged by some to be derived from this. On the contrary, the folklorist George Lekakis argues that it is a combination of the word \"zoura\" with the meaning of level and the word \"fa\" which has the meaning of light / manifest. Variations of the same name are Sgorafa or Tzourafa.\nThe name Ladoxera seems to derive from the presence of oily waters and the smell of oil. Its alternate name, Ladoxera \"oil reef\", was given to it by sailors who would often spot oil slicks around Zourafa.In a Flemish map of 1585 it is called Halonesus, while in Venetian in the 1690s it appears to be referred to as Holonisus.\n\n\nGeography\nZourafa is located six nautical miles (11 km; 6.9 mi) east of Skepasto, the northeastern tip of the island of Samothrace, and 22 nautical miles (41 km; 25 mi) from Alexandroupoli. It has an estimated area of 9 square metres (97 sq ft) and measures 32 metres (0.020 mi) in circumference (undated). Zourafa has been gradually reduced in size by erosion. It peaks out of a 30-metre (98 ft) long underwater ledge, remnant of a volcanic island. Sailors are cautioned about navigating in the vicinity of Zourafa.Zourafa is part of Greece, and there is a lighthouse on the island. In 2011, it was reported in Greek press that Turkey had started questioning the issue of treaties over the islet, however it is unclear if this is official Turkish policy (see Aegean dispute).\n\n\nLighthouse\nThe lighthouse on Zourafa was destroyed by severe weather in the winter of 2012 and was rebuilt by September. The new lighthouse is powered by solar energy. An icon of Saint Nicholas was placed \"in prominent view\". Saint Nicholas is the patron saint of sailors, and his icon is found on many ships and in many ports in Greece.\n\n\nPreservation\nZourafa comprises a Natura 2000-designated area, along with the Fengari mountain and eastern coastal region of Samothrace and the bordering sea. The site was designated a Special Area of Conservation in 2011.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zulawki_ksiazece

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"\u017bu\u0142awki_Ksi\u0105\u017c\u0119ce","to":"\u017bu\u0142awki Ksi\u0105\u017c\u0119ce"}],"pages":{"21668162":{"pageid":21668162,"ns":0,"title":"\u017bu\u0142awki Ksi\u0105\u017c\u0119ce","extract":"\u017bu\u0142awki Ksi\u0105\u017c\u0119ce [\u0290u\u02c8wafki k\u0255\u0254\u0303\u02c8\u0290\u025bnt\u0361s\u025b] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stegna, within Nowy Dw\u00f3r Gda\u0144ski County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) north-west of Nowy Dw\u00f3r Gda\u0144ski and 25 km (16 mi) east of the regional capital Gda\u0144sk.\nBefore 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, 1772-1919 Prussia and Germany, 1920-1939 Free City of Danzig, 1939 - 1945 Nazi Germany. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zoque_languages

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zoque_languages","to":"Zoque languages"}],"pages":{"7120972":{"pageid":7120972,"ns":0,"title":"Zoque languages","extract":"The Zoque () languages form a primary branch of the Mixe\u2013Zoquean language family indigenous to southern Mexico by the Zoque people.\nCentral (Copainal\u00e1) Zoque-language programming is carried by the CDI's radio station XECOPA, broadcasting from Copainal\u00e1, Chiapas.\nThere are over 100,000 speakers of Zoque languages. 74,000 people reported their language to be \"Zoque\" in a 2020 census, and an additional 36,000 reported their language to be Sierra Popoluca. Most of the remaining 8,400 \"Popoluca\" speakers are presumably also Zoque.\n\n\nLanguages\nZoquean languages fall in three groups:\n\nGulf Zoquean (Veracruz Zoque)Sierra Popoluca (Soteapan Zoque)\nTexistepec Popoluca\nAyapa Zoque (Tabasco Zoque)Oaxacan ZoqueChimalapa Zoque (dialects: Santa Mar\u00eda Chimalapa, San Miguel Chimalapa)Chiapas ZoqueCopainal\u00e1 Zoque\nFrancisco Le\u00f3n Zoque\nRay\u00f3n Zoque (a dialect cluster) Justeson and Kaufman also classify Epi-Olmec as a Zoquean language, although this claim is disputed by Andrew Robinson.\n\n\nDemographics\nList of ISO 639-3 codes and demographic information of Mixean languages from Ethnologue (22nd edition):\n\n\nReferences\n\nWichmann, S\u00f8ren, 1995. The Relationship Among the Mixe\u2013Zoquean Languages of Mexico. University of Utah Press. Salt Lake City. ISBN 0-87480-487-6\n\n\nRecordings\nSierra Popoluca Collection of Lynda Boudreault at the Archive of the Indigenous Languages of Latin America. Contains audio recordings and transcriptions of Zoque and Soteapan in a wide range of genres. Some files are restricted but may be available upon request.\n\n\nSee also\nEpi-Olmec script"}}}}

part_xec/zohi_sdom

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zohi_Sdom","to":"Zohi Sdom"}],"pages":{"35744959":{"pageid":35744959,"ns":0,"title":"Zohi Sdom","extract":"Zohi Sdom (Hebrew: \u05d6\u05d5\u05d4\u05d9 \u05e1\u05d3\u05d5\u05dd, lit.\u2009'This is Sodom') is an Israeli comedy feature film released on August 5, 2010. It was conceived and created by the team behind the television programme, Eretz Nehederet, and directed by Muli Segev and Adam Sanderson. According to official figures, the movie was the most-watched Israeli film in the 25 years preceding it, with over half a million local tickets sold.The film is a comical depiction of the Biblical story of Sodom and Gomorrah. It is centered on the families of Lot, the only righteous man in Sodom, and Bera the king of Sodom.\n\n\nPlot\nThe film starts with God (Eyal Kitzis) meeting Abraham (Moti Kirschenbaum) to sell monotheism. After Abraham declines, God promises to end Abraham's theft problem by destroying the city of Sodom, where the thieves are coming from, within three days. Abraham asks God to get his nephew Lot (Dov Navon) out of the city before he destroys it. God replays the command to his subordinates Raphael (Yuval Semo) and Michael (Maor Cohen).\nLot runs a lottery stall and collects the proceeds toward building a cultural center for Sodom's children. Lot's wife (Tal Friedman) is a former pop singer whose career went downhill after she married Lot. They have a single daughter, Charlotte (Alma Zak). Sodom is run by Bera (Eli Finish) the king of Sodom, a corrupt dictator surrounded by yes men, who has two sons\u2014the elder and successful Nineveh (Assi Cohen) and the younger and stupid Liam (Mariano Idelman).\nWhen Bera accidentally finds out that Sodom is about to be destroyed and Lot saved, he concocts a plan to switch places with Lot, as the archangels set to destroy the city had never actually seen Lot. He sends his elder son to seduce Charlotte, but to his chagrin his son falls in love. Bera tells Lot that he is ill and needs to get away from his usual surroundings, so they change places. As Lot takes the role of king, he becomes conceited and forgets his plans to help the children of Sodom.\nBera finds out that Nineveh plans to betray him for the sake of Charlotte, and has Nineveh imprisoned. He instead decides to wed his younger son Liam to Charlotte. Nineveh escapes and crashes the wedding, telling the guests that there is no food, so they start to riot. He tells everyone that Sodom is about to be destroyed, and Lot and Bera make their escape with their families. On their way out they are met by Raphael and Michael, who would only let Lot pass, but both Lot and Bera pretend to be Lot. Lot's wife betrays her husband and supports Bera. The angels propose splitting Lot's wife in two as in Solomon's Judgement, but even though Lot cares more about her, they assume that Bera is in fact Lot, and let him escape with Lot's wife.\nSodom is then blown up with dynamite, which Abraham witnesses and signs the contract with God. However, while it makes a big blast, no damage is done, and God tells his angels that it was a ploy to swindle Abraham into signing the contract. Bera brings Abraham the money from the wedding, and the latter accepts him into the family (not before circumcise him), while Lot remains to rule Sodom. It is shown that Sodom later moves to a more lucrative real estate location \u2014 Tel Aviv.\n\n\nCast\n\n\nReception\nThe film received mostly average to negative reviews. Critics cited the relative lack of satire, which characterized the Eretz Nehederet show, low level humor, and a very loose interpretation of the Biblical story. It was panned by Ma'ariv as being an elaborate PR stunt for Keshet TV. However, Pnai Plus praised it as one of the most well-planned Israeli comedies in recent decades, with a good humoristic flow and a high concentration of good jokes.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n\"Zohi Sdom\" - The full film is available on VOD on the website for the Israel Film Archive - Jerusalem Cinematheque\nZohi Sdom at IMDb"}}}}

part_xec/zoological_parks_authority

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zoological_Parks_Authority","to":"Zoological Parks Authority"}],"pages":{"44913313":{"pageid":44913313,"ns":0,"title":"Zoological Parks Authority","extract":"The Western Australian Zoological Parks Authority was created under the act of the same name in 2001, and under the Minister of Environment for Western Australia. What had previously been the Zoological Gardens Board, on 22 May 2002, became the Zoological Parks Authority.The predecessor authority to the Zoological Gardens Board had been known as the Acclimatisation Committee of the Zoological and Botanical Gardens (Perth, W.A.).It was announced on 28 April 2017 that the Department of Parks and Wildlife would merge with the Botanic Gardens and Parks Authority, the Zoological Parks Authority, and the Rottnest Island Authority on 1 July 2017 to form the Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.\n\n\nSee also\nPerth Zoo\n\n\nNotes"}}}}

part_xec/zz_gundam

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"ZZ_Gundam","to":"ZZ Gundam"}],"redirects":[{"from":"ZZ Gundam","to":"Mobile Suit Gundam ZZ"}],"pages":{"240318":{"pageid":240318,"ns":0,"title":"Mobile Suit Gundam ZZ","extract":"Mobile Suit Gundam ZZ (Japanese: \u6a5f\u52d5\u6226\u58eb\u30ac\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u0396\u0396, Hepburn: Kid\u014d Senshi Gandamu Daburu Z\u0113ta, Mobile Suit Gundam Double Zeta) is the third installment in Sunrise's long running Gundam franchise and the last TV series in the franchise released in Japan's Sh\u014dwa period. A direct follow up to Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam, it is directed and written by Yoshiyuki Tomino, and he assembled a new team consisting of character designer Hiroyuki Kitazume, who had been one of Zeta Gundam's animation directors, and mechanical designers Makoto Kobayashi, Yutaka Izubuchi and Mika Akitaka. Initially airing on Nagoya Broadcasting Network and affiliated ANN stations in Japan, the series was later aired by the anime satellite television network, Animax, across Japan and its respective networks worldwide, including Southeast Asia, Hong Kong, South Asia, and other regions. The defunct video streaming website Daisuki had the rights to stream the series worldwide. Sunrise themselves released the series on home video via Right Stuf Inc. to North America in 2015. On June 24, 2022, the series was made available for streaming on Crunchyroll.\n\n\nOverview\n\nGundam ZZ was conceived as a sequel to Zeta Gundam, featuring a mostly all-new cast. Its broadcast immediately followed that of Zeta Gundam and continues to follow a major plotline from Zeta involving Haman Karn, regent to Mineva Lao Zabi, and also continues to follow Captain Bright Noa and the ship, Argama, as well as introducing the new characters led by Judau Ashta.\nThis sequel to Zeta Gundam sometimes struck a much lighter, often comical, tone, in contrast to its predecessor's brooding drama. For example, in the second episode, the protagonist Judau Ashta attempts to help Yazan Gable by throwing oranges at the Argama. This is contrasted in the same episode however when Yazan kills the technician Saegusa, and Judau then attempts to pilot the Zeta Gundam to go after Yazan but is incredibly poor at combat in his first battle. The whimsical first opening theme song Anime Ja Nai (lit. \"It's Not Anime\") set the tone for the first half of the series. The second half of the series sports a more somber opening theme song Silent Voice to accompany a change in tone to the more serious.\n\n\nPlot summary\n\nAs the continuation of Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam, this series once again follows the story of the Anti Earth Union Group (AEUG) battleship Argama after Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam's final episode. To fight off the Axis Zeon, now called the Neo Zeon, Captain Bright Noa recruits a group of teenage junk collectors led by the loudmouthed but powerful Newtype Judau Ashta to pilot the Argama's mobile suits. Now sporting a line-up of the behemoth ZZ Gundam and the returning Zeta Gundam, Gundam Mk-II and the Hyaku Shiki, the group is nicknamed the Gundam Team. As such, this became the first of a number of Gundam series where a team of Gundam mobile suits fight alongside each other regularly. The climax takes place at Side 3 in the Battle of Axis.\nOut of the major Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam characters, Captain Bright Noa and Axis leader Haman Karn are featured prominently in Mobile Suit Gundam ZZ; Hayato Kobayashi, Kamille Bidan, Fa Yuiry, Wong Lee, Yazan Gable, Mineva Lao Zabi, and the children Shinta and Qum are featured in various episodes as well; Sayla Mass, who had appeared in the first series but had no speaking role in Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam, also appeared in several episodes of Mobile Suit Gundam ZZ; Char Aznable's planned appearance was canceled when Tomino was given the go-ahead to do the Mobile Suit Gundam: Char's Counterattack film. Yoshiyuki Tomino's original plan for the show which involved Char's return was never revealed, nor does Tomino himself remember it. Also, aside from the openings and story recap/preview episode, Amuro Ray does not make an appearance in the series either.\n\n\nReception\nThe series remains one of the more polarizing series in the franchise due to its lighthearted and campy tone in its first half when compared to Zeta Gundam's grittier one. In 2016, to coincide with the show's Blu-Ray release, Ollie Barder of Forbes referred to Gundam ZZ as a \"misunderstood and underappreciated classic.\" James Whitbrook of Gizmodo called Gundam ZZ \"the black sheep of early Gundam\", citing the show's early comedic tone in comparison to the dark ending of its predecessor.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n\nOfficial Website\nMobile Suit Gundam ZZ (anime) at Anime News Network's encyclopedia\nMobile Suit Gundam ZZ at IMDb"}}}}

part_xec/zotefoams

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"38825181":{"pageid":38825181,"ns":0,"title":"Zotefoams","extract":"Zotefoams Plc manufactures a range of closed cell crosslinked foams from polyolefins and engineering polymers for global use in sports, construction, marine, automation, medical equipment and aerospace. The headquarters are in Croydon, London, with additional foam manufacturing plants in Kentucky, USA and Brzeg, Poland. Steve Good is the current chairman, David Stirling is managing director, and Gary McGrath is finance director.\nThe company was spun off from BP Chemicals in 1992. It began in the 1920s producing block foam.\nThe company makes the majority of its sales from exports overseas with a number of registered trademarks.A fire in early 2001 at the factory damaged 70% of Zotefoams' stock and disrupted some deliveries to customers. At this time, the company also exited the toy market. The same year, Zotefoams entered a worldwide sales and marketing alliance for polyolefin foams with the Sekisui Chemical Company Ltd ('Sekisui'), which acts as agent and distributor for Zotefoams in continental Europe, Asia and some customers in North America.\nIn November 2022, it was announced Zotefoams has acquired the Skanderborg-headquartered packaging material manufacturer, Refour ApS.\n\n\n2020 results\nFull year results show:\nSales: \u00a382.7m\nProfit before tax: \u00a38.3m\nTotal dividend for the year 6.30p shareThese compare with 2019 full year figures of:\n\nSales: \u00a380.9m\nProfit before tax: \u00a39.8m\nTotal dividend for the year 2.03p\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nOfficial website"}}}}

part_xec/zuzu_man

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"ZuZu_Man","to":"ZuZu Man"}],"pages":{"-1":{"ns":0,"title":"ZuZu Man","missing":""}}}}

part_xec/zorilor

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"16432562":{"pageid":16432562,"ns":0,"title":"Zorilor","extract":"Zorilor is a southern district of Cluj-Napoca in Romania. It consists largely of blocks of flats ranging from 4 to 10 storeys. The district is home to the Observator student housing campus. Two 35-floor towers are projected to be constructed in the Sigma area of Zorilor.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zonnar

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"38043877":{"pageid":38043877,"ns":0,"title":"Zonnar","extract":"Zonnar (Persian: \u0632\u0646\u0631, also Romanized as Zon\u0101r) is a village in Talang Rural District, Talang District, Qasr-e Qand County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 113, in 23 families.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zosia_mamet

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zosia_Mamet","to":"Zosia Mamet"}],"pages":{"35571637":{"pageid":35571637,"ns":0,"title":"Zosia Mamet","extract":"Zosia Russell Mamet (; born February 2, 1988) is an American actress and musician who has appeared in television series including Mad Men, United States of Tara and Parenthood, and played the character Shoshanna Shapiro on the HBO original series Girls. She currently stars as Annie Mouradian in the HBO Max original series The Flight Attendant.\n\n\nEarly life\nMamet was born in Randolph, Vermont. She is the daughter of American playwright, essayist, screenwriter, and film director David Mamet and actress Lindsay Crouse. Her father is Jewish and her mother is Buddhist, and Mamet identifies as Jewish as well. Her maternal grandfather was playwright Russel Crouse and her maternal great-grandfather was educator John Erskine. She has a sister, Willa, who is a singer, and two half-siblings, Clara, who is also an actress and director, and Noah. She lived in New England until age five when her mother moved to Pacific Palisades, California with Willa and Zosia. After finishing high school, Mamet decided to pursue acting instead of going to college.\n\n\nCareer\nIn 2012, she was cast by Judd Apatow in the HBO series Girls. \n\n\nMusic\nMamet has a band called Chacha.\n\n\nVoice acting\nMamet performed the audiobook The Feral Detective by author Jonathan Lethem. Mamet has also done voice-over work in Star vs. The Forces of Evil, Regular Show, and The Simpsons.\n\n\nPersonal life\nMamet began dating actor Evan Jonigkeit in 2013. The two wed in October 2016.At the 2017 Makers Conference, Mamet performed a monologue where she shared her struggle living with undiagnosed pelvic floor dysfunction for six years.\n\n\nFilmography\n\n\nFilm\n\n\nTelevision\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nZosiaMamet.com\nZosia Mamet at IMDb"}}}}

part_xec/zukisa_tshiqi

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zukisa_Tshiqi","to":"Zukisa Tshiqi"}],"pages":{"46762998":{"pageid":46762998,"ns":0,"title":"Zukisa Tshiqi","extract":"Zukisa Laura Lumka Tshiqi (n\u00e9e Qingana; born 11 January 1961) is a judge of the Constitutional Court of South Africa and formerly served on the country's Supreme Court of Appeal and as an acting judge on the Constitutional Court.\n\n\nEarly life\nTshiqi was born in the village of Cefane, part of the town of Ngcobo, Cape Province in 1961. She earned a B Proc from the University of the Witwatersrand and an advanced diploma in labour law from Rand Afrikaans University. Thereafter she practiced as an attorney.\n\n\nJudicial career\nTshiqi was made an acting judge of South Gauteng High Court in 2003, and was permanently appointed in 2005. She was promoted to the Supreme Court of Appeal in 2009, and served on the Constitutional Court in 2014-15 as an acting judge. She applied for a permanent position on the Constitutional Court in 2015 but was generally regarded by commentators as a poor candidate, with the position going to Nonkosi Mhlantla. In 2019, Tshiqi was appointed to the Constitutional Court.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zurab_kokoyev

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zurab_Kokoyev","to":"Zurab Kokoyev"}],"pages":{"24152612":{"pageid":24152612,"ns":0,"title":"Zurab Kokoyev","extract":"Zurab Revazovich Kokoyev (Russian: \u0417\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0431 \u0420\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u041a\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0435\u0432, born 14 February 1959 in Tskhinvali, South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast, Georgian SSR, Soviet Union) is a South Ossetian politician and was a member of South Ossetia's parliament, where he was one of three vice-speakers, and Chairman of the Committee for construction, industry, transport and communications. He is the leader of the Unity Party, which is allied with former President of South Ossetia Eduard Kokoity.\nKokoyev was first deputy prime minister from October 2003 until 31 December 2005 and acting Prime Minister from May until July 2005. Before this, he was head of the administration of Tskhinvali district since 2002.Kokoyev is married and has a daughter.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zoop_in_south_america

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zoop_in_South_America","to":"Zoop in South America"}],"pages":{"13837403":{"pageid":13837403,"ns":0,"title":"Zoop in South America","extract":"Zoop in South America (Dutch: Zoop in Zuid-Amerika) is a 2007 Dutch youth film. The film received a Golden Film for 100,000 visitors.\n\n\nExternal links\nZoop in South America at IMDb"}}}}

part_xec/zygmont_czarobski

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zygmont_Czarobski","to":"Zygmont Czarobski"}],"pages":{"12609422":{"pageid":12609422,"ns":0,"title":"Zygmont Czarobski","extract":"Zygmont \"Ziggy\" Peter Czarobski (September 13, 1922 \u2013 July 1, 1984) was an American football player. He played at the tackle position for the Notre Dame Fighting Irish (1942\u20131943; 1946\u20131947) and in the National Football League (NFL) for the Chicago Rockets/Hornets (1948\u20131949). He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1977.\nCzarobski was born on the South Side of Chicago in 1922 and attended Mount Carmel High School. He began his college football career playing at the tackle position for the University of Notre Dame from 1942 to 1943, but he then missed the 1944 and 1945 seasons due to military service. He returned to Notre Dame for the 1946 to 1947 seasons. At the end of the 1947 season, Czarobski was selected as a first-team All-American by the Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA) and the International News Service (INS). He was selected as a second-team All-American by the Associated Press and a third-team All-American by the United Press.Czarobski also played professional football in the NFL for the Chicago Rockets/Hornets (1948\u20131949). He appeared in a total of 26 games in the NFL.Czaraobski was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1977. He was also inducted into the National Polish-American Sports Hall of Fame in 1984. He died in 1984 at age 61.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nDavid Condon (September 15, 1977). \"Life is a party for Czarobski\". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved September 11, 2014.\nZygmont Czarobski at Find a Grave"}}}}

part_xec/zoltowo

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"19916628":{"pageid":19916628,"ns":0,"title":"\u017b\u00f3\u0142towo","extract":"\u017b\u00f3\u0142towo [\u0290uu\u032f\u02c8t\u0254v\u0254] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mochowo, within Sierpc County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zschampert

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"33569494":{"pageid":33569494,"ns":0,"title":"Zschampert","extract":"The Zschampert is a river of Saxony, Germany. It flows into the Alte Luppe near Leipzig.\n\n\nSee also\nList of rivers of Saxony"}}}}

part_xec/zz_scale

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"ZZ_scale","to":"ZZ scale"}],"pages":{"7391912":{"pageid":7391912,"ns":0,"title":"ZZ scale","extract":"ZZ scale (1:300) is a model railroad scale with a standard gauge of 4.8 mm (0.189 in). Models for the scale are produced exclusively by Bandai, and depict Japanese prototypes such as Shinkansen trains. To date, no other traditional scale railway support exists for the scale. However the field of miniature war games has a large selection of buildings, trucks and other accessories at 1:285 scale and 1:300. Several suppliers make these in painted and unpainted form, and at several levels of quality.\nUntil the 2006 announcement of T scale, ZZ scale was the smallest commercially available scale for model railroads.\n\n\nSee also\nZ scale\nRail transport modelling scales\nModel railway scales"}}}}

part_xec/zombie_ass

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zombie_Ass","to":"Zombie Ass"}],"redirects":[{"from":"Zombie Ass","to":"Zombie Ass: Toilet of the Dead"}],"pages":{"33033241":{"pageid":33033241,"ns":0,"title":"Zombie Ass: Toilet of the Dead","extract":"Zombie Ass: Toilet of the Dead (\u30be\u30f3\u30d3\u30a2\u30b9, Zonbiasu) is a 2011 Japanese comedy horror film directed by Noboru Iguchi and written by Iguchi, Ao Murata and Jun Tsugita from a story by Tadayoshi Kubo. Starring Arisa Nakamura, Asana Mamoru and Mayu Sugano, the plot follows a pretty young karate student (Nakamura) who, following her younger sister's suicide, goes on a camping trip with friends. Their fun is quickly interrupted by the arrival of feces covered zombies.\nIt had its world premiere at Fantastic Fest film festival in Austin, Texas in September 2011, and was theatrically released in Japan in February 2012.\n\n\nSynopsis\nWracked with guilt over the suicide of her bullied sister, young karate student Megumi accompanies four older friends on a trip into the woods: smart girl Aya, her druggie boyfriend Tak\u00e9, full-figured model Maki, and nerdy Naoi. Things start to go badly when Maki finds a parasitical worm inside a fish \u2013 and eats it down, in the hope that it will keep her skinny. Her stomach later feels horrible and she relieves herself in an outhouse toilet. The parasitic worm she ate had apparently laid eggs in her stomach and came out of her in her diarrhea attack. Soon after, they are attacked by a crowd of feces-covered undead who emerge from the outhouse toilet Maki used.\n\n\nCast\nArisa Nakamura as Megumi\nAsana Mamoru as Maki\nMayu Sugano as Aya\nAsami as Female Zombie\nY\u00fbki as Ko Tanaka\nDani as Naoi\nKentar\u00f4 Kishi as Tak\nDemo Tanaka as The Shit Zombie\nSayuri Yajima as Ai\nKentar\u00f4 Shimazu as Dr. Tanaka\nHideki Kurauchi as Hunter\nTakeo Gozu as Hunter\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nOfficial website (in Japanese)\nZombie Ass: Toilet of the Dead at IMDb\nCassidy, Kevin, \"AFM's 20 Most Outrageous Movie Posters #20: Zombie Ass\", The Hollywood Reporter, November 8, 2011. Category: Most Original Attempt to Freshen up a Genre."}}}}

part_xec/zsolt_baranyos

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zsolt_B\u00e1r\u00e1nyos","to":"Zsolt B\u00e1r\u00e1nyos"}],"pages":{"18993447":{"pageid":18993447,"ns":0,"title":"Zsolt B\u00e1r\u00e1nyos","extract":"Zsolt B\u00e1r\u00e1nyos (born 25 December 1975, in Budapest) is a Hungarian football player who plays as a midfielder. He made most of his career in Hungary, playing for nine different clubs in two decades. He retired in 2017.\n\n\nCareer\nZsolt Baranyos's first team was Kispest Honv\u00e9d, joining in 1993. After five seasons, punctuated by a victory in Cup of Hungary in 1996, he moved abroad and joined in 1998 KFC Lommelse SK, who plays in Belgian first division. After a year, he returned to Hungary and signed to Ferencv\u00e1rosi TC, a historic rival of the Kispest. It remained there for a season then returned to Lommel. He helped the club back into Division 1 but in March 2002, the club were put into bankruptcy and ceased operations.\nFree from contract, Baranyos returned to his trainer club where he plays yet a season. From 2003, it changes very regularly Club, signing 12 transfers in ten years. He plays for Vasas SC in 2003, then went a year in the MATAV SC Sopron where he won his second cup of Hungary, before returning for a season at the Vasas. He spent six months thereafter to R\u00e1kospalotai EAC, then joined in January 2007 PAE Asteras Tripolis, where it is second Greek division champion. He returned to Hungary in the summer and passes a new season to Budapest Honv\u00e9d, followed by six months at Ny\u00edregyh\u00e1za Spartacus FC. In January 2009, he is committed to the Lombard - Papa TFC, where he remained until June 2011. He then joined Vasas SC, where he again spent only a season for the third time.\nIn July 2012, he signed to the TK Szigetszentmiklosi, which he left six months later to return to the Ny\u00edregyh\u00e1za Spartacus FC, where he finished the season. In July 2013 he joined the ranks of Budaorsi SC for a short spell, before going on to play for another four different clubs in the lower leagues of Hungarian and Austrian football prior to his retirement at the age of 41 in 2017.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nGeneral references\nZsolt B\u00e1r\u00e1nyos at National-Football-Teams.com\n\"HLSZ\". hlsz.hu. Retrieved 2 May 2021.\n\"FootballSquads - Ny\u00edregyh\u00e1za Spartacus - 2008/09\". footballsquads.co.uk. Retrieved 2 May 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)\n\"B\u00e1r\u00e1nyos Zsolt\". 26 September 2009. Archived from the original on 26 September 2009. Retrieved 2 May 2021."}}}}

part_xec/zoe_wiseman

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zoe_Wiseman","to":"Zoe Wiseman"}],"pages":{"20363038":{"pageid":20363038,"ns":0,"title":"Zoe Wiseman","extract":"Zoe Wiseman (born 1970 in Marion, Indiana) is an American model and photographer known for her fine art nude photography, and is the web owner of Community Zoe which promotes specifically fine art nude photography. Several photo books, soundtracks and magazines have showcased her photography.\n\n\nPhoto books and magazines\nPassion and Desire (Edition Skylight 2005)\nFine Art Photo Magazine (Hillebrand 2004 & 2007)\nPhoto Art Magazine (2007)\nDISCONTINUde (Blurb 2008)\n\"210 Photographers\" (1X Publishing, Sweden)\nNudes Index II (Feierabend 2009)\n\"i spy with my plastic eye\" (A&I December 2009)\n\"Fiat Lux\" - Fine Art Nudes by Zoe Wiseman - (A&I February 2010)\n\"Le Nu\" - Fine Art Nude Photography book (A&I May 2010)\n\"Silvergrain Classics - analog photography magazine (December 2021)\n\n\nSoundtracks\nMoog\nSaw II, Original Score by Charlie Clouser\n\n\nPersonal life\nIn the summer of 2007, Wiseman married longtime boyfriend Charlie Clouser.\n\n\nReferences\n\nOfficial website\nPhoto Art Magazine"}}}}

part_xec/zoran_mijanovic

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zoran_Mijanovi\u0107","to":"Zoran Mijanovi\u0107"}],"pages":{"17789707":{"pageid":17789707,"ns":0,"title":"Zoran Mijanovi\u0107","extract":"Zoran Mijanovi\u0107 (Serbian Cyrillic: \u0417\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d M\u0438ja\u043do\u0432\u0438\u045b; born 5 Jun 1974 in Novi Sad, Yugoslavia) is a Serbian football player who is goalkeeping coach at Buriram United.\n\n\nCareer\nMijanovic is one of Nybergsund's most experienced players. He made his debut for FK Vojvodina in 1992 before moving first to Sporting Farense in 1998, then to Legia Warsaw in 2002, Bihor Oradea in 2004, Sporting Olhanense in 2006, FK Be\u017eanija in January 2008, Nybergsund IL in August 2008 FK Metalac in July 2009 and then returning to Nybergsund in July 2010.\n\n\nReferences\n\nProfile at Srbijafudbal.\n\n\nExternal links\nStats at Utakmica.rs\nZoran Mijanovi\u0107 at Soccerway\nZoran Mijanovi\u0107 at WorldFootball.net"}}}}

part_xec/zolwerknapp

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"5311711":{"pageid":5311711,"ns":0,"title":"Zolwerknapp","extract":"Zolwerknapp (German: Zolver Knapp) is a hill in the commune of Sanem, in south-western Luxembourg. It is 422 metres (1,385 ft) tall, and lies just to the north-west of Soleuvre (Zolwer in Luxembourgish and German, hence the name of the hill.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zurich_tiefenbrunnen_railway_station

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Z\u00fcrich_Tiefenbrunnen_railway_station","to":"Z\u00fcrich Tiefenbrunnen railway station"}],"pages":{"11975039":{"pageid":11975039,"ns":0,"title":"Z\u00fcrich Tiefenbrunnen railway station","extract":"Z\u00fcrich Tiefenbrunnen railway station (German: Bahnhof Z\u00fcrich Tiefenbrunnen) is a railway station in the Swiss city of Z\u00fcrich. It is located on the Lake Z\u00fcrich right bank railway line, and is situated on the shore of Lake Z\u00fcrich, in the Seefeld quarter of the city.\n\n\nOperation\nThe station has one side platform and one island platform, served by three tracks, and the station building and entrance is on the west or lake side of the station. The platforms and entrances are connected by pedestrian subway.\nThe station is served by the following passenger trains:\nAdjacent to the station is the terminus of tram routes 2 and 4 and trolleybus route 33, all operated by Verkehrsbetriebe Z\u00fcrich, the municipal transport operator for Z\u00fcrich. The station is also served by regional bus routes of the Autobusbetrieb Z\u00fcrich\u2013Zollikon\u2013K\u00fcsnacht (AZZK).The Z\u00fcrichhorn lakeside park, with its Chinese Garden, Centre Le Corbusier, casino and steamer pier, lies some 700 metres (2,300 ft) north-west of the station. The steamer pier is served by boats of the Z\u00fcrichsee-Schifffahrtsgesellschaft on both its Lake Zurich and River Limmat services.\n\n\nGallery\n\n\t\t\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n Media related to Z\u00fcrich Tiefenbrunnen railway station at Wikimedia Commons\nPassenger information on Z\u00fcrich Tiefenbrunnen railway station from the SBB"}}}}

part_xec/zuni_salt_lake

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zuni_Salt_Lake","to":"Zuni Salt Lake"}],"redirects":[{"from":"Zuni Salt Lake","to":"Zu\u00f1i Salt Lake"}],"pages":{"4362722":{"pageid":4362722,"ns":0,"title":"Zu\u00f1i Salt Lake","extract":"Zu\u00f1i Salt Lake, also Zuni Salt Lake is a rare high desert lake, and a classic maar, located in Catron County, New Mexico, United States, about 60 miles (97 km) south of the Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico.\n\n\nDescription\nZu\u00f1i Salt Lake is extremely shallow, with a depth of only 4 feet (1.2 m) in the wet season. During the dry season, much of the water evaporates leaving behind salt flats. The lake contains brine shrimp (Artemia salina), alkali flies (Ephydra hians) and cyanobacteria (Anacystis) that are able to endure the extreme fluctuations in conditions between the wet and dry seasons.The lake fills a maar, a kind of shallow volcanic crater formed when magma (molten rock) comes into contact with groundwater. The groundwater explodes into steam, shattering the surrounding rock and blasting particles of rock and magma into the air. The maar erupted in the Late Pleistocene, between 114 and 86 thousand years ago. The salt comes from both surface runoff into the lake and buried salt beds of the Permian Supai Formation underneath the maar. Groundwater rises through the salt beds and emerges along fractures in the volcanic conduits beneath the maar. Salt accumulates because the maar has no natural outlet.The lake was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. It is part of the Red Hill volcanic field.\n\n\nHistory\nFor centuries, the Pueblo people of the Southwest, including the Zuni, Acoma, Laguna, Hopi and Taos pueblos, have made annual pilgrimages to Zu\u00f1i Salt Lake to harvest salt, for both culinary and ceremonial purposes. Ancient roadways radiate out from the lake to the various pueblos and ancient pueblo sites, such as Chaco. The lake itself is considered sacred, home of the Salt Mother deity, known to the Zu\u00f1i as Ma'l Okyattsik'i. Also known as Las Salinas to early Hispanic settlers in the area.Salt from Zu\u00f1i Salt Lake was traded extensively within the Chaco culture, and salt grains matching those from Zu\u00f1i Salt Lake have been found in corn husk wrappings in archaeological sites in the San Juan Basin. Salt from the lake was still being traded extensively by the Zuni at the time of the first Spanish contact.Juan de O\u00f1ate sent Captain Marcos Farf\u00e1n to investigate the lake in 1598, and the captain reported that he was \"certain that neither in all Christendom nor outside of it, is there anything so grand, nor has the kind anything to equal it.\"Famous Apache chief Geronimo, in Geronimo's Story of His Life reported the following about the lake: \"We obtained our salt from a little lake in the Gila Mountains.... When visiting this lake our people were not allowed to even kill game or attack an enemy. All creatures were free to go and come without molestation.\"\nThe Zu\u00f1i Salt Lake was not part of the Zu\u00f1i reservation originally recognized by the U.S. government, but the U.S. returned the lake itself, and 5,000 acres (2,000 ha; 20 km2) surrounding it, to Zuni control in 1985.\n\n\nControversy\nFrom 1994 to 2003, there was a proposal to develop a coal mine near the Zu\u00f1i Salt Lake. It would have involved extraction of water from the aquifer below the lake as well as construction between the lake and the Pueblo of Zu\u00f1i. The proposal was withdrawn after several lawsuits, and is regarded as an important exercise of native rights in the United States.\n\n\nSee also\n\nList of lakes in New Mexico\nNational Register of Historic Places listings in Catron County, New Mexico\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n Media related to Zu\u00f1i Salt Lake at Wikimedia Commons"}}}}

part_xec/zuygaghbyur

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"18271733":{"pageid":18271733,"ns":0,"title":"Zuygaghbyur","extract":"Zuygaghbyur (Armenian: \u0536\u0578\u0582\u0575\u0563\u0561\u0572\u0562\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0580) is a village in the Shirak Province of Armenia.\n\n\nDemographics\nThe population of the village since 1873 is as follows:\n\n\nReferences\n\nZuygaghbyur at GEOnet Names Server\nReport of the results of the 2001 Armenian Census, Statistical Committee of Armenia"}}}}

part_xec/zygodontomys

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"12176562":{"pageid":12176562,"ns":0,"title":"Zygodontomys","extract":"Zygodontomys is a genus of rodent in the tribe Oryzomyini of the family Cricetidae. Its closest relative may be Scolomys. It ranges from Central America east to the Guianas. It contains two species: Zygodontomys brunneus and Zygodontomys brevicauda.\n\n\nReferences\nMusser, G.G.; Carleton, M.D. (2005). \"Superfamily Muroidea\". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 894\u20131531. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494."}}}}

part_xec/zoobotryon_verticillatum

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zoobotryon_verticillatum","to":"Zoobotryon verticillatum"}],"redirects":[{"from":"Zoobotryon verticillatum","to":"Amathia verticillata"}],"pages":{"41642217":{"pageid":41642217,"ns":0,"title":"Amathia verticillata","extract":"Amathia verticillata, commonly known as the spaghetti bryozoan, is a species of colonial bryozoans with a bush-like structure. It is found in shallow temperate and warm waters in the western Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea and has spread worldwide as a fouling organism. It is regarded as an invasive species in some countries.\n\n\nDescription\nColonies of Amathia verticillata resemble miniature trees up to a metre (yard) wide and consist of a dense mass of feeding zooids known as autozooids connected to each other by slender branching stolons 0.5 mm (0.02 in) in diameter. The stolons are attached to the substrate by an adhesive disc and are translucent and may be brownish or bluish. The autozooids are in two rows along the stolons, each zooid being sac-like and 0.4 to 0.6 mm (0.016 to 0.024 in) in length. The mouth of each autozooid bears a retractable crown-like feeding structure known as a lophophore, with eight short tentacles. The stolon has a jointed appearance and is composed of a series of tubular non-feeding heterozooids. All the zooids within the colony are connected via pores in their walls and coelomic fluid can be transferred along the stolon and between adjacent autozooids.\n\n\nDistribution and habitat\nColonies of Amathia verticillata are found in shallow water in the tropical and subtropical western Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea and many other parts of the world. It is tolerant of a range of water conditions but grows best at salinities of at least 30ppt and water temperatures over 22 \u00b0C (72 \u00b0F). It is a common species in the Indian River Lagoon where it grows vigorously from April to September but dies back during winter. Amathia verticillata is a fouling organism and its typical habitat is growing on the blades of seagrasses, the thallus of large seaweeds, the roots of mangroves, rocky reefs, the shells of bivalve molluscs, piers, breakwaters and other man-made structures, the hulls of boats, floating masses of seaweed and other floating debris.\n\n\nBiology\nEach autozooid feeds by expanding its lophophore, the extended tentacles of which filter phytoplankton from the water. It has been estimated that each zooid can process 8.8 ml of water in a day, and the zooids on a square metre of seagrass meadow can filter some 184,728 litres (48,613 gallons) of water a day. By this means, this bryozoan can play a useful role in improving water quality.Expansion of the colony is by budding and new colonies can also be formed by fragmentation. It has been shown that one end of a cut piece of stolon will develop attachment structures to anchor it to the substrate within about twenty-four hours. This bryozoan is a hermaphrodite and reproduction also takes place sexually. The larva is planktonic, settles on a hard surface and develops into a heterozooid which attaches itself to the substrate with an adhesive disc.\n\n\nEcology\nAmathia verticillata sometimes grows in association with the honeysuckle tunicate (Perophora viridis), the stolons of which intertwine with those of the bryozoan. The colonies provide hiding places for juvenile fish and for the amphipods, copepods, polychaete worms and the other small invertebrates on which the young fish feed.The tissues of Amathia verticillata contain certain secondary metabolites that render it unappetizing to many potential predators. The main one is a bromo-alkaloid which has been shown to prevent settlement of mussel and barnacle larvae on the colony. One of the few creatures that does feed on it is the nudibranch Okenia zoobotryon which is thought to live, feed and lay its eggs almost exclusively on the bryozoan and whose tissues may then contain many of the same anti-predator chemicals.\n\n\nInvasive species\nThere are concerns about Amathia verticillata as an invasive species. It can develop into huge aggregations and cause fouling of fishing gear, block sea-water inlets, out-compete native species and upset food chains by filtering phytoplankton from the water.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zosel_dam

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zosel_Dam","to":"Zosel Dam"}],"pages":{"39704119":{"pageid":39704119,"ns":0,"title":"Zosel Dam","extract":"Zosel Dam is a dam in the U.S. state of Washington that blocks the Okanogan River just south of Osoyoos Lake to control upstream water levels. The dam was built as part of the larger Osoyoos Lake International Water Control Structure, a joint venture of the Washington State Department of Ecology and the British Columbia Ministry of the Environment. The dam was designed by the Canadian firm Acres International Limited and built by the American firm Rognlins Inc.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\"Osoyoos Lake International Water Control Structure - Zosel Dam\". Washington State Department of Ecology. Retrieved 2013-06-17."}}}}

part_xec/zygomycota

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"191164":{"pageid":191164,"ns":0,"title":"Zygomycota","extract":"Zygomycota, or zygote fungi, is a former division or phylum of the kingdom Fungi. The members are now part of two phyla: the Mucoromycota and Zoopagomycota. Approximately 1060 species are known. They are mostly terrestrial in habitat, living in soil or on decaying plant or animal material. Some are parasites of plants, insects, and small animals, while others form symbiotic relationships with plants. Zygomycete hyphae may be coenocytic, forming septa only where gametes are formed or to wall off dead hyphae. Zygomycota is no longer recognised as it was not believed to be truly monophyletic.\n\n\nEtymology\n\nThe name Zygomycota refers to the zygosporangia characteristically formed by the members of this clade, in which resistant spherical spores are formed during sexual reproduction. Zygos is Greek for \"joining\" or \"a yoke\", referring to the fusion of two hyphal strands which produces these spores, and -mycota is a suffix referring to a division of fungi.\n\n\nSpores\n\nThe term \"spore\" is used to describe a structure related to propagation and dispersal. Zygomycete spores can be formed through both sexual and asexual means. Before germination the spore is in a dormant state. During this period, the metabolic rate is very low and it may last from a few hours to many years. There are two types of dormancy. The exogenous dormancy is controlled by environmental factors such as temperature or nutrient availability. The endogenous or constitutive dormancy depends on characteristics of the spore itself; for example, metabolic features. In this type of dormancy, germination may be prevented even if the environmental conditions favor growth.\n\n\nMitospores\nIn zygomycetes, mitospores (sporangiospores) are formed asexually. They are formed in specialized structures, the mitosporangia (sporangia) that contain few to several thousand of spores, depending on the species. Mitosporangia are carried by specialized hyphae, the mitosporangiophores (sporangiophores). These specialized hyphae usually show negative gravitropism and positive phototropism allowing good spore dispersal. The sporangia wall is thin and is easily destroyed by mechanical stimuli (e.g. falling raindrops, passing animals), leading to the dispersal of the ripe mitospores. The walls of these spores contain sporopollenin in some species. Sporopollenin is formed out of \u03b2-carotene and is very resistant to biological and chemical degradation. \nZygomycete spores may also be classified in respect to their persistence:\n\n\nChlamydospores\n\nChlamydospores are asexual spores different from sporangiospores. The primary function of chlamydospores is the persistence of the mycelium and they are released when the mycelium degrades. Chlamydospores have no mechanism for dispersal. In zygomycetes the formation of chlamydospores is usually intercalar. However, it may also be terminal. In accordance with their function chlamydospores have a thick cell wall and are pigmented.\n\n\nZygophores\nZygophores are chemotropic aerial hyphae that are the sex organs of Zygomycota, except for Phycomyces in which they are not aerial but found in the substratum. They have two different mating types (+) and (-). The opposite mating types grow towards each other due to volatile pheromones given off by the opposite strand, mainly trisporic acid and its precursors. Once two opposite mating types have made initial contact, they give rise to a zygospore through multiple steps.\nZygospore formation is the result of a multiple step process beginning with compatible mating type zygophores growing towards each other. Once contact between the zygophores has been made, their walls adhere to each other, flatten and then the contact site is referred to as the fusion septum. The tips of the zygophore become distended and form what is called the progametangia. A septum develops by gradual inward extension until it separates the terminal gametangia from the progametangial base. At this point the zygophore is then called the suspensor. Vesicles accumulate at the fusion septum at which time it begins to dissolve. A little before the fusion septum completely dissolves, the primary outer wall begins to thicken. This can be seen as dark patches on the primary wall as the fusion septum dissolves. These dark patches on the wall will eventually develop into warty structures that make up the thickness of the zygospore wall. As the zygospore enlarges, so do the warty structures until there are contiguous around the entire cell. At this point, electron microscopy can no longer penetrate the wall. Eventually the warts push through the primary wall and darken which is likely caused by melanin.\nMeiosis usually occurs before zygospore germination and there are a few main types of distinguishable nuclear behavior. Type 1 is when the nuclei fuse quickly, within a few days, resulting in mature zygospore having haploid nuclei. Type 2 is when some nuclei do not pair and degenerate instead, meiosis is delayed until germination. Type 3 is when haploid nuclei continue to divide mitotically and then some associate into groups and some do not. This results in diploid and haploid nuclei being found in the germ sporangium.\n\n\nCell wall\n\nZygomycetes exhibit a special structure of cell wall. Most fungi have chitin as structural polysaccharide, while zygomycetes synthesize chitosan, the deacetylated homopolymer of chitin. Chitin is built of \u03b2-1,4 bonded N-acetyl glucosamine. Fungal hyphae grow at the tip. Therefore, specialized vesicles, the chitosomes, bring precursors of chitin and its synthesizing enzyme, chitin synthetase, to the outside of the membrane by exocytosis. The enzyme on the membrane catalyzes glycosidic bond formations from the nucleotide sugar substrate, uridine diphospho-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. The nascent polysaccharide chain is then cleaved by the enzyme chitin deacetylase. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of the N-acetamido group in chitin. After this the chitosan polymer chain forms micro fibrils. These fibers are embedded in an amorphous matrix consisting of proteins, glucans (which putatively cross-link the chitosan fibers), mannoproteins, lipids and other compounds.\n\n\nTrisporic acid\n\nTrisporic acid is a C-18 terpenoid compound that is synthesized via \u03b2-carotene and retinol pathways in the zygomycetes. It is a pheromone compound responsible for sexual differentiation in those fungal species.\n\n\nHistory\nTrisporic acid was discovered in 1964 as a metabolite that caused enhanced carotene production in Blakeslea trispora. It was later shown to be the hormone that brought about zygophore production in Mucor mucedo. The American mycologist and geneticist Albert Francis Blakeslee discovered that some species of Mucorales were self-sterile (heterothallic), in which interactions of two strains, designated (+) and (-), are necessary for the initiation of sexual activity. This interaction was found by Hans Burgeff of the University of Goettingen to be due to the exchange of low molecular weight substances that diffused through the substratum and atmosphere. This work constituted the first demonstration of sex hormone activity in any fungus. The elucidation of the hormonal control of sexual interaction in the Mucorales extends over 60 years and involved mycologists and biochemists from Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, the UK and the USA.\n\n\nFunctions of trisporic acid in Mucorales\nRecognition of compatible sexual partners in zygomycota is based on a cooperative biosynthesis pathway of trisporic acid. Early trisporoid derivatives and trisporic acid induce swelling of two potential hyphae, hence called zygophores, and a chemical gradient of these inducer molecules results in a growth towards each other. These progametangia come in contact with each other and build a strong connection. In the next stage, septae are established to limit the developing zygospore from the vegetative mycelium and in this way the zygophores become suspensor hyphae and gametangia are formed. After dissolving of the fusion wall, cytoplasm and a high number of nuclei from both gametangia are mixed. A selectional process (unstudied) results in a reduction of nuclei and meiosis takes place (also unstudied until today). Several cell wall modifications, as well as incorporation of sporopollenin (responsible for the dark colour of spores) take place resulting in a mature zygospore.\nTrisporic acid, as the endpoint of this recognition pathway, can solely be produced in presence of both compatible partners, which enzymatically produce trisporoid precursors to be further utilized by the potential sexual partner. Species specificity of these reactions is among others obtained by spatial segregation, physicochemical features of derivatives (volatility and light sensitivity), chemical modifications of trisporoids and transcriptional/posttranscriptional regulation.\n\n\nParasexualism\nTrisporoids are also used in the mediation of the recognition between parasite and host. An example is the host-parasite interaction of a parasexual nature observed between Parasitella parasitica, a facultative mycoparasite of zygomycetes, and Absidia glauca. This interaction is an example for biotrophic fusion parasitism, because genetic information is transferred into the host. Many morphological similarities in comparison to zygospore formation are seen, but the mature spore is called a sikyospore and is parasitic. During this process, gall-like structures are produced by the host Absidia glauca.\nThis, coupled with further evidence, has led to the assumption that trisporoids are not strictly species-specific, but that they might represent the general principle of mating recognition in Mucorales.\n\n\nPhototropism\nLight regulation has been investigated in the zygomycetes Phycomyces blakesleeanus, Mucor circinelloides and Pilobolus crystallinus. For example, in Pilobolus crystallinus light is responsible for the dispersal mechanism and the sporangiophores of Phycomyces blakesleeanus grow towards light. When light, particularly blue light, is involved in the regulation of fungal development, it directs the growth of fungal structures and activates metabolic pathways. For instance, the zygomycota use light as signal to promote vegetative reproduction and growth of aerial hyphae to facilitate spore dispersal.\nFungal phototropism has been investigated in detail using the fruiting body, sporangiophore, of Phycomyces as a model. Phycomyces has a complex photoreceptor system. It is able to react to different light intensities and different wavelengths. In contrast to the positive reaction to blue light, there is also a negative reaction to UV light. Reactions to red light were also observed.\n\n\nActivation of beta-carotene biosynthesis by light\nThe two genes for the enzymes phytoene desaturase (carB) and the bifunctional phytoene\nsynthase/carotene cyclase (carRA in Phycomyces, carRP in Mucor) are responsible for synthesis of beta-carotene. The product of the gene crgA, which was found in Mucor suppresses the carotene formation by inhibiting the accumulation of carB and carRP mRNAs.\n\n\nInfluence of light in sporulation and sexual development\nThe zygomycete P. blakesleeanus builds two types of sporangiophores, the macrophores and the microphores which differ in size. The formation of these sporangiophores work at different light fluences and therefore with specific photoreceptors. Light also regulates asexual sporulation. In Mucor the product of the crgA gene acts as an activator. In contrast, the sexual development of Phycomyces is inhibited by light because of a specialized photoreceptor system.\n\n\nGravitropism\nGravitropism is a turning or growth movement by a plant or fungus in response to gravity. It is equally widespread in both kingdoms. Statolites are required in both fungi and plants for the mechanism of gravity-sensing. The Zygomycota sporangiophores originate from specialized \u201cbasal hyphae\u201d and pass through several distinctive developmental stages until the mature asexual spores are released. In addition to the positive phototropism, the sporangiophores are directed by a negative gravitropic response into a position suitable for spore dispersal and distribution. Both responses are growth reactions i.e. the bending is caused by differential growth on the respective opposite flanks of the sporangiophore, and influence each other. The only model for the mechanism of the gravitropic reaction of Phycomyces is based on the floatability of the vacuole within the surrounding cytoplasm. The resulting asymmetric distribution of the cytoplasm is proposed to generate increased wall growth on the lower side of horizonally placed sporangiophores as in the thicker cytoplasmic layer forming there the number of vesicles secreting cell-wall material would be higher than on the upper side. Gravitropic bending starts after approximately 15 \u2013 30 min in horizontally placed sporangiophores and continues until after, approximately 12 \u2013 14 hours, the sporangiophore tip has recovered its original vertical position. Usually, the gravitropic response is weaker compared to the phototrophic one. However, in certain conditions, equilibrium could be established and the responses are comparable. In plants and fungi, phototropism and gravitropism interact in a complex manner. During continuous irradiation with unilateral light, the sporangiophore (fruiting body) of the zygomycete fungus, Phycomyces blakesleeanus reach a bending angle of photogravitropic equilibrium at which the gravitropic and phototropic stimuli balance each other (Fig. 1, bending angle +\u03b1, due to light irradiation).\n\n\nProtein crystals involved in graviperception\nIn Phycomyces blakesleeanus, wild type sporangiophores contain large, easily seen octahedral paracrystalline crystals with size up to 5\u00d75\u00d75 \u03bcm. Generally, they are found near the main vacuole in clusters consisting of more than ten crystals. They are often associated to the vacuolar transepts. Sedimentation with speed of about 100 \u03bcm/s can be observed when the sporangiophores are tilted. Sliding along during sedimentation or pulling at the vacuolar membranes and transepts serves as an inter-cellular signal to a probable cytoskeleton response, and that activates receptors located in the cell membrane. These receptors in turn trigger a chain of events which finally leads to the asymmetrical growth of the cell wall. Studies of the bending angle of wild type and mutant strain sporangiophore growth have shown that mutant strains that do not have crystals exhibit reduced gravitropic response.\n\n\nLipid droplets involved in graviperception\nComplex of apical lipid globules are also involved in graviperception. These lipids are clustered in cellular structures, complex of lipid globules, about 0.1mm below the very tip of the apex. (Fig. 2) The globules migrate to the columella when the sporangium is formed. In mature stage this complex is believed to act as a gravireceptor due to its floatability. Mutants that lack this lipid complex show greatly lowered gravitropic response.\n\n\nPhylogeny\nHistorically, all fungi producing a zygospore were considered to be related and placed into Zygomycota. The use of molecular phylogenetics has increasingly revealed this grouping to be paraphyletic. However, the rank (i.e., phylum or subphylum) these clades is in dispute. What follows is a phylogeny of fungi with the zygomycete subphyla derived from Spatafora et al. (2016) with both possible phylum names.\n\n\nIndustrial uses\nMany species of zygomycetes can be used in important industrial processes. A resume of them is presented in the table.\n\n\nCulture conditions\n\nThe zygomycetes are able to grow in a wide range of environments. Most of them are mesophilic (growing at 10\u201340 \u00b0C with an optimum 20\u201335 \u00b0C), but some, like Mucor miehei or Mucor pusillus, are thermophilic with a minimum growth temperature of about 20 \u00b0C and maximum extending up to 60 \u00b0C. Others like Mucor hiemalis can grow at temperatures below 0 \u00b0C.\n\nSome species of the order Mucorales are able to grow under anaerobic conditions, while most of them require aerobic conditions. Furthermore, while the majority of the zygomycetes only grow at high water activities, some of them are able to grow in salt concentrations of at least 15%. Most species of Mucor grow rapidly on agar at room temperature filling the Petri dish in 2\u20133 days with their coarse aerial mycelium. When incubated in liquid culture under semi-anaerobic conditions, several species grow in yeast like state. Zygospore formation may be stimulated at higher temperatures of incubation (30\u201340 \u00b0C). \nGrowth of Zygomycota in solid agar can produce low or very high fibrous colony that rapidly fills the entire Petri dish. Its color may range from pure white to shades of gray or brown. In old cultures, dark pigmented sporangia are observed. Everything depends on the species and the media used. In liquid culture, Zygomycota usually form a bland mass and do not produce spores. This is because they cannot grow aerial hyphae.\n\n\nCulture media\nZygomycetes grow well on most standard fungal culture medium such as Sabouraud dextrose agar. They can also grow on both selective and non-selective media. Minimal media, supplementary media and induction media can also be used. Most zygomycetes are sensitive to cycloheximide (actidione) and this agent should not be used in culture media.\n\n\nReproduction\nA common example of a zygomycete is black bread mold (Rhizopus stolonifer), a member of the Mucorales. It spreads over the surface of bread and other food sources, sending hyphae inward to absorb nutrients. In its asexual phase it develops bulbous black sporangia at the tips of upright hyphae, each containing hundreds of haploid spores.\nAs in most zygomycetes, asexual reproduction is the most common form of reproduction. Sexual reproduction in Rhizopus stolonifer, as in other zygomycetes, occurs when haploid hyphae of different mating types are in close proximity to each other. Growth of the gametangia commences after gametangia come in contact, and plasmogamy, or the fusion of the cytoplasm, occurs. Karyogamy, which is the fusion of the nuclei, follows closely after. The zygosporangia are then diploid. Zygosporangia are typically thick-walled, highly resilient to environmental hardships, and metabolically inert. When conditions improve, however, they germinate to produce a sporangium or vegetative hyphae. Meiosis occurs during germination of the zygosporangium so the resulting spores or hyphae are haploid. Grows in warm and damp conditions.\nSome zygomycetes disperse their spores in a more precise manner than simply allowing them to drift aimlessly on air currents. Pilobolus, a fungus which grows on animal dung, bends its sporangiophores towards light with the help of a light sensitive pigment (beta-carotene) and then \"fires\" them with an explosive squirt of high-pressure cytoplasm. Sporangia can be launched as far as 2 m, placing them far away from the dung and hopefully on vegetation which will be eaten by an herbivore, eventually to be deposited with dung elsewhere. Different mechanisms for forcible spore discharge have evolved among members of the zygomycete order Entomophthorales.\n\n\nEvolution of conidia\nThe evolution of the conidium from the sporangiospore is the main defining difference between zygomycetes and ascomycetes. The evolution of sporangiospores typical of zygomycetes to conidia similar to those found in ascomycetes can be modeled by a series of forms seen in zygomycetes. Many zygomycetes produce multiple sporangiospores inside a single sporangium. Some have evolved multiple small sporangiola that contain few sporangiospores. In some cases, there may be a few as three spores in each sporangiolum, and a few species have sporangiola which contain just a single spore. Choanephora, a zygomycete, has a sporangiolum that contains one spore with a sporangium wall that is visible at the base of the sporangium. This structure is similar to a conidium, which has two, fused cell walls, an inner spore wall and an outer sporangium wall.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n\nZygomycota at the Tree of Life Web Project\nZygomycetes.org\nList of all Zygomycetes species from Zygomycetes database by PM Kirk in Catalogue of Life 2008\nMucorales at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)"}}}}

part_xec/z_series_space_suits

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Z_series_space_suits","to":"Z series space suits"}],"pages":{"37993534":{"pageid":37993534,"ns":0,"title":"Z series space suits","extract":"The Z series is a series of prototype extra-vehicular activity (EVA) space suits being developed in the Advanced Extravehicular Mobility Unit (AEMU) project under NASA's Advanced Exploration Systems (AES) program. The suits are being designed to be used for both micro-gravity and planetary EVAs.\nAlong with a NASA designed life support system, the new higher pressure Z suits allow for bypassing pre-breathe and allows for quick donning of the suit and exit of the space craft. The Z-1 is the first suit to be successfully integrated into a suitport dock mechanism eliminating the need for an air lock, and reducing the consumable demands on long term missions. A later variant is planned to be tested on the International Space Station in 2017.\n\n\nVersions\n\n\nZ-1\nThe Z-1 suit consists of a soft upper torso, soft lower torso, glove assembly, boot assembly and hemispherical dome helmet. Z-1 is called a \"soft\" suit because when unpressurized its primary structures are pliable fabrics, although it does have several hard mobility elements. The suit has a mass of 126 pounds (57 kg), with the suitport interface plate (SIP) it is 154 pounds (70 kg), and with the SIP and portable life support system (PLSS) mock-up it is 162 pounds (73 kg).The Z-1 prototype was designed and built by ILC Dover for NASA. The Z-1 was named one of Time Magazine\u2019s Best inventions of the year for 2012. Because of its unique neon green colored stripes on the arms and legs, the suit has entered popular culture as the \"Buzz Lightyear Suit\" for sharing the color worn by the character in the Pixar movie Toy Story.NASA has been running a series of tests on the Z-1. According to a NASA report there have been two parts of the testing 1) characterize the suit performance to down selection of components for the planned Z -2 Space Suit and 2) \u201cdevelop interfaces with the suitport and exploration vehicles through pressurized suit evaluations.\u201d \n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n\nZ-2\n\nBoth ILC Dover and David Clark competed for the $4.4 million contract to design, manufacture and test the Z-2 prototype space suit. In April 2013, it was announced that ILC Dover had won; the contract is expected to last for an 18-month period.The Z-2 will use a non-autoclave hard composite upper torso; it is believed this will improve its long-term durability. The design of the shoulder and hip has been improved based on Z-1 testing. The Z-2 will use higher fidelity boots along with materials that are compatible with a full vacuum environment. The suit is expected to have a mass of 143 pounds (65 kg). The Z-2 will be designed to interface with NASA's advanced portable life support system, currently under development at the Johnson Space Center. The suit will also be designed to interface with both classical air locks and suit ports.The Z-2 prototype suit was expected to be delivered to NASA by November 2014 with a technology readiness level of 7 but was delayed until spring 2015. Final delivery and testing in a human-rated vacuum chamber and the Neutral Buoyancy Lab is expected in 2018-2019. This is leading up to a human-rated thermal/vacuum chamber test of the suit with its PLSS in 2020.\n\n\nPortable life support system\n\nThe Next Generation Life Support (NGLS) project is developing components that are planned to be part of the portable life support system (PLSS). Two of those components are the Variable Oxygen Regulator (VOR) and the Rapid Cycle Amine (RCA) swing bed.\nThe VOR is expected to allow the suit pressure to be adjusted to 84 settings between 0 and 8.4 psid. The current Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) only has two pressure settings. This new capability will enable in-suit decompression sickness treatment and flexibility for interfacing with different vehicles. It also allows EVAs to start at a higher internal pressure to decrease prebreathe time, and then slowly decrease the pressure afterward in order to maximize mobility and minimize crew fatigue.The RCA swing bed removes carbon dioxide (CO2) and controls humidity. The RCA CO2 removal capability is regenerated during EVA by exposure to vacuum, making it superior to previous systems. To remove CO2, the current EMU has to use either a lithium hydroxide (LiOH) canister or a Metal Oxide (Metox) canister. The LiOH canister can only be used once. The Metox canister can be reused post-EVA but to do so takes fourteen hours and requires auxiliary equipment, crew time and significant electricity. RCA is expected to weigh less than current comparable systems.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zurab_noghaideli

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zurab_Noghaideli","to":"Zurab Noghaideli"}],"redirects":[{"from":"Zurab Noghaideli","to":"Zurab Nogaideli"}],"pages":{"1485008":{"pageid":1485008,"ns":0,"title":"Zurab Nogaideli","extract":"Zurab Nogaideli (Georgian: \u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d1 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8) (born 22 October 1964) is a Georgian businessman and a politician who served as the Prime Minister of Georgia from February 2005 until he resigned, citing health problems, on 16 November 2007. In December 2008, Nogaideli withdrew into opposition, setting up the Movement for a Fair Georgia party.\n\n\nEarly life and career\nBorn in Kobuleti, Ajaria, Georgia, Nogaideli graduated from the Moscow State University with a diploma in Physics in 1988. Before entering into national politics, he worked for the Institute of Geography of the Georgian Academy of Sciences between 1988-1992. In 1989-1990, he was also trained at the Institute of Geology of the Academy of Sciences of Estonia.\n\n\nParliament\nHe started his political career together with his friend, Zurab Zhvania, in the Green Party of Georgia in early 1990s. Nogaideli became a deputy in the Parliament of Georgia in 1992, elected following the overthrow of President Zviad Gamsakhurdia, and chaired the Parliamentary Committee on Environment Protection and Natural Resources during 1992-1995. He was again member of the successor Parliaments in 1995-1999 and 1999\u20132000, when he chaired the Parliamentary Tax and Income Committee.\n\n\nMinister of Finance\nHe joined the government of Eduard Shevardnadze in the capacity of Minister of Finance in May 2000. During these years, he was considered a member of a political team of young reformists headed by Zurab Zhvania and Mikheil Saakashvili and proved to be quite an effective minister.\nIn 2001, he left the President-run Union of Citizens of Georgia party which he had joined in 1995. He was sacked, in 2002, without explanation, though it appears that he had intended to resign in protest against the policies of Shevardnadze's increasingly corrupted government (as the Minister of Justice Mikheil Saakashvili did a year before).\nIn a brief period of 2002-2003, he was involved in banking and investment ventures.\nAfter Shevardnadze was ousted in the Rose Revolution of 21\u201323 November 2003, Nogaideli returned to government as the economic adviser to the acting president, Nino Burjanadze. He was re-appointed to his old post as Minister of Finance in February 2004 in the government of Prime Minister Zurab Zhvania.\n\n\nPrime minister\n\nPresident Mikhail Saakashvili nominated Nogaideli for the post of Prime Minister on 11 February 2005 following the untimely death of Zhvania. He was confirmed by the Georgian Parliament on 17 February 2005 by a vote of 175 to 24, and was sworn in immediately. Nogaideli is not a member of any party and is regarded as a technocrat with a tough approach to the corruption that plagues Georgia's economy.\nAccording to Financial weekly Georgian newspaper The World Bank Group and the U.S. Agency for International Development has honored Zurab Nogaideli, Prime Minister of Georgia, as top business environment reformer of the year 2007. The Prime Minister has led reforms which have catapulted Georgia from a ranking of 112 to 37th place in the World Bank Group's 2007 global rankings on the regulatory ease of doing business.\nNogaideli is married with one son.\n\n\nResignation\nNogaideli announced his resignation on 16 November 2007 due to his poor health condition. In April 2007, Nogaideli underwent elective open-heart surgery at St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital in Houston, U.S. The operation, led by leading US surgeon Dr. Charles Frazier, lasted for 8 hours and involved transplanting one mitral valve of the PM's heart.After his resignation, Nogaideli said he would retire from politics and later joined the Kala Capital company - owned by the soccer star Kakha Kaladze - as its chairman.\nSince June 2008, he has also been a chairman of the International School of Economics at Tbilisi State University Business Council.\n\n\nOpposition\nAfter the Russian-Georgian war, in September 2008, Nogaideli appeared in the Georgian press, unleashing heavy criticism of foreign and domestic policies of Mikheil Saakashvili. On 3 December 2008, he set up a new opposition party, the Movement for Fair Georgia.In 2009, Nogaideli traveled several times in Russia, meeting top Russian officials, including Prime Minister Vladimir Putin (23 December 2009). In December 2009, he also met Eduard Kokoity, the breakaway South Ossetian leader, ostensibly to help release of the Georgian teenagers detained by the South Ossetian military. Nogaideli's rapprochement with Moscow met with a negative response from the Georgian government. President Saakashvili described Nogaideli's Russian stance as a \"sin\".\n\n\nReferences\n\nOfficial biography for Zurab Nogaideli at National Security Council of Georgia website\nGovernment of Georgia website (Georgian)\nZurab Nogaideli undergoes a heart operation"}}}}

part_xec/zomicarpa

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"22073131":{"pageid":22073131,"ns":0,"title":"Zomicarpa","extract":"Zomicarpa is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is endemic to eastern Brazil.\nSpeciesZomicarpa pythonium (Mart.) Schott - eastern Brazil\nZomicarpa steigeriana Maxim. ex Schott - Bahia\n\n\nReferences\n\n Media related to Zomicarpa at Wikimedia Commons"}}}}

part_xec/zone_diet

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zone_diet","to":"Zone diet"}],"pages":{"437978":{"pageid":437978,"ns":0,"title":"Zone diet","extract":"The Zone diet is a fad diet emphasizing low-carbohydrate consumption. It was created by Barry Sears, an American biochemist.The ideas behind the diet are not supported by scientific evidence.\n\n\nApproach\nThe diet is meant to promote weight loss via reduction in calories consumed and avoid spikes in insulin release, thus supporting the maintenance of insulin sensitivity. It begins with the determination of the individual's protein requirement for daily replacement due to various loss mechanisms.\nThe Zone diet proposes that a relatively narrow distribution in the ratio of proteins to carbohydrates, centered at 0.75, is essential to \"balance the insulin to glucagon ratio, which purportedly affects eicosanoid metabolism and ultimately produces a cascade of biological events leading to a reduction in chronic disease risk, enhanced immunity, maximal physical and mental performance, increased longevity and permanent weight loss.\"The diet advocates eating five times a day, with 3 meals and 2 snacks, and includes eating proteins, carbohydrates \u2013 those with a lower glycemic index are considered more favorable, and fats (monounsaturated fats are considered healthier) in a caloric ratio of 30%-40%-30% (fat-carb-pro). The hand is used as the mnemonic tool; five fingers for five times a day, with no more than five hours between meals. The size and thickness of the palm are used to measure protein while two big fists measure favorable carbohydrates and one fist unfavorable carbohydrates. There is a more complex scheme of \"Zone blocks\" and \"mini-blocks\" that followers of the diet can use to determine the ratios of macronutrients consumed. Daily exercise is encouraged.The diet falls about midway in the continuum between the USDA-recommended food pyramid which advocates eating grains, vegetables, and fruit and reducing fat, and the high-fat Atkins Diet.\n\n\nEffectiveness\nLike other low-carb diets, the ideas underlying the Zone diet are unproven.As of 2013, there were \"no cross-sectional or longitudinal studies examining the potential health merit of adopting a Zone Diet per se, [and] closely related peer-reviewed findings from scientific research cast strong doubt over the purported benefits of this diet. When properly evaluated, the ideas and arguments of popular low carbohydrate diet books like the Zone rely on poorly controlled, non-peer-reviewed studies, anecdotes and non-science rhetoric.\"\n\n\nSee also\nDiet (nutrition)\nList of diets\nLow-carbohydrate diet\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nOfficial website"}}}}

part_xec/zuzana_drdakova

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zuzana_Drd\u00e1kov\u00e1","to":"Zuzana Drd\u00e1kov\u00e1"}],"pages":{"50593061":{"pageid":50593061,"ns":0,"title":"Zuzana Drd\u00e1kov\u00e1","extract":"Zuzana Drd\u00e1kov\u00e1 (born June 16, 1987) is a Slovak women's ice hockey player. Currently, she is a member of Narmanspor team in Erzurum, Turkey playing as defenseman. She is 1.64 m (5 ft 4+1\u20442 in) tall at 70 kg (150 lb).\n\n\nCareer\n\n\nClub\nZuzana Drd\u00e1kov\u00e1 was with HK Poprad in her country before she transferred to the Erzurum-based Narmanspor in Turkey to play in the Turkish Women's Ice Hockey League (TBHBL). Her team finished the 2015\u201316 season as the runners-up.\n\n\nHonors\n\n\nClub\nTurkish Ice Hockey Women's League (TBHBL)Runners-up (1): 2015\u201316 with Narmanspor.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zvonimir_vujin

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zvonimir_Vujin","to":"Zvonimir Vujin"}],"pages":{"15091376":{"pageid":15091376,"ns":0,"title":"Zvonimir Vujin","extract":"Zvonimir \"Zvonko\" Vujin (23 July 1943 \u2013 8 December 2019) was a Serbian amateur boxer. He competed in the 1968 and 1972 Olympics for Yugoslavia and won bronze medals on both occasions. In 1967 he won a silver medal at the European championships and a gold at the Mediterranean Games. He died on 8 December 2019 in his hometown, Zrenjanin.\n\n\n1968 Olympic results\nBelow is the Olympic record of Zvonimir Vujin, a Yugoslavian lightweight boxer who competed at the 1968 Mexico City Olympics:\n\nRound of 64: bye\nRound of 32: defeated Peter Rieger (East Germany) by decision, 3-2\nRound of 16: defeated Valery Belousov (Soviet Union) by decision, 5-0\nQuarterfinal: defeated Luis Minami (Peru) by decision, 5-0\nSemifinal: lost to Josef Grudzien (Poland) by decision, 0-5 (was awarded bronze medal)\n\n\n1972 Olympic results\nBelow is the Olympic record of Zvonimir Vujin, a Yugoslavian light welterweight boxer who competed at the 1972 Munich Olympics:\n\nRound of 32: defeated Robert Mwakosya (Tanzania) by a second-round TKO\nRound of 16: defeated Sodnom Gombo (Mongolia) by decision, 3-2\nQuarterfinal: defeated Graham Moughton (Great Britain) by decision, 5-0\nSemifinal: lost to Ray Seales (United States) by decision, 0-5 (was awarded bronze medal)\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n\nZvonimir Vujin at the International Olympic Committee"}}}}

part_xec/zurcher_schilling

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Z\u00fcrcher_Schilling","to":"Z\u00fcrcher Schilling"}],"pages":{"1579855":{"pageid":1579855,"ns":0,"title":"Z\u00fcrcher Schilling","extract":"Z\u00fcrcher Schilling (or Grosse Burgunderchronik, Great Burgundy Chronicle) is the latest chronicle of Diebold Schilling the Elder of Bern (1484), treating the Burgundian Wars. It is kept in the central library in Z\u00fcrich.\n\n\nSee also\nSwiss illustrated chronicles"}}}}

part_xec/zuid-polsbroek

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"4099306":{"pageid":4099306,"ns":0,"title":"Zuid-Polsbroek","extract":"Zuid-Polsbroek was a semi-sovereign or free and high fief (Free and high fief of Zuid-Polsbroek), now part of Polsbroek in the Dutch province of Utrecht. Zuid-Polsbroek was the part of Polsbroek south of the small river Benschopse Wetering.\n\n\nHistory\nWhen the French introduced the municipal system in the Netherlands in 1807, the rights of the heerlijkheid were largely abolished, although the heerlijkheid itself existed until the early 20th century. Zuid-Polsbroek became a separate municipality in the province of Holland. In 1812, it merged with several neighbouring villages to form one municipality \"Polsbroek\". Zuid-Polsbroek remained a part of Holland, even though several of the other villages in the municipality were part of Utrecht (province). It became a separate municipality again in 1817, and was transferred to Utrecht in 1820. It merged with Noord-Polsbroek in 1857 to form a single municipality Polsbroek again.Around 1850, the municipality had a population of about 290, 140 of which lived in the village itself.Paulus Theodorus van Brussel, painter of fruit and vegetables, was born in Zuid-Polsbroek in 1754.\n\n\nSee also\nPolsbroek\nNoord-Polsbroek\nFree and high fief of Zuid-Polsbroek\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zoufonoun_ensemble

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zoufonoun_Ensemble","to":"Zoufonoun Ensemble"}],"pages":{"9126279":{"pageid":9126279,"ns":0,"title":"Zoufonoun Ensemble","extract":"The Zoufonoun Ensemble was an American Persian classical music group, consisting of Mahmoud Zoufonoun (violin) and his four sons Amir Zoufonoun (vocals, setar), Ramin Zoufonoun (tar, Persian-tuned piano), Amin Zoufonoun (setar), and Omid Zoufonoun (cello). The ensemble was based in the San Francisco Bay Area.\n\n\nHistory\nA variety of percussionists have performed with the group, including Shahram Kazemi, Houman Pourmehdi, and Siamak Pouyan.The group performs large-scale suites composed by Mahmoud Zoufonoun while presenting vocal and instrumental improvisations by each member. Notable among these compositions is Naghde Sufi (suite in the mode of Rastpanjgah), and Fash Migooyam (suite in the mode of Chahargah). In recent years, through the addition of cello, Omid Zoufonoun has expanded the compositions to include elements of Western counterpoint and harmony.\nBased in the San Francisco Bay Area, the Zoufonoun Ensemble has performed throughout the United States, including such venues as the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston; Herbst Theatre; and the Palace of Fine Arts.In 2013, Mahmoud Zoufonoun died.\n\n\nSee also\nIranian music\nMastan Ensemble\n\n\nNotes"}}}}

part_xec/zygimantas

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"2484124":{"pageid":2484124,"ns":0,"title":"\u017dygimantas","extract":"\u017dygimantas is a Lithuanian masculine given name, which is a variant of Sigismund, a German name meaning \"protection through victory.\" Notable people with the name include:\n\n\u017dygimantas II of Lithuania (1467\u20131548), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania\n\u017dygimantas Augustas (1520\u20131572), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania\n\u017dygimantas Janavi\u010dius (born 1989), Lithuanian basketball player\n\u017dygimantas Jonu\u0161as (born 1982), Lithuanian basketball player\n\u017dygimantas K\u0119stutaitis (1365\u20131440), Grand Duke of Lithuania\n\u017dygimantas Sku\u010das (born 1992), Lithuanian basketball player\n\u017dygimantas Stanulis (born 1993), Lithuanian weightlifter\n\n\nSee also\nSigismund"}}}}

part_xec/zutto_suki_de_ii_desu_ka

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zutto_Suki_de_Ii_desu_ka","to":"Zutto Suki de Ii desu ka"}],"pages":{"25235131":{"pageid":25235131,"ns":0,"title":"Zutto Suki de Ii desu ka","extract":"\"Zutto Suki de Ii Desu Ka\" (\u305a\u3063\u3068 \u597d\u304d\u3067\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b) is the 16th single from Aya Matsuura, a Hello! Project solo artist. It was released on February 23, 2005, under the Zetima label.\n\n\nTrack listings\n\n\nCD\n\"Zutto Suki de ii Desu ka\" (\u305a\u3063\u3068 \u597d\u304d\u3067\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b) \u2013 4:10\n\"Yume\" (\u5922) \u2013 4:44\n\"Zutto Suki de ii Desu ka\" (instrumental) \u2013 4:10\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zsolt_lazar

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zsolt_L\u00e1z\u00e1r","to":"Zsolt L\u00e1z\u00e1r"}],"pages":{"43448306":{"pageid":43448306,"ns":0,"title":"Zsolt L\u00e1z\u00e1r","extract":"Zsolt L\u00e1z\u00e1r (born 7 November 1985) is a Hungarian football player who currently plays for Budapesti VSC and also for futsal team Magl\u00f3di TC.\n\n\nReferences\nMLSZ\nHLSZ\nZsolt L\u00e1z\u00e1r at Soccerway"}}}}

part_xec/zoobomb

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"805705":{"pageid":805705,"ns":0,"title":"Zoobomb","extract":"Zoobomb is a weekly bicycling activity in Portland, Oregon, United States during which participants ride bicycles rapidly downhill in the city's West Hills. Zoobomb began in 2002.Participants carry their bikes on MAX Light Rail to the Washington Park station next to the Oregon Zoo. From there, participants take the elevator to the surface and then ride their bikes down the hills in the vicinity. This process is often repeated several times throughout the night.\n\n\nCulture\n\nThere is an emphasis on unusual bicycles, first and foremost the children's bicycles or \"minibikes,\" but extending to tall bikes, swing bikes, choppers, non-functional bicycles, skateboards, longboards, etc.\nThe Zoobombers are made up of a wide demographic, with a tendency towards young adults. The event is treated in a very lighthearted fashion, including a large amount of socializing between rides. Riders often dress up in costume or decorate their bicycles. Parents have brought their children on rides, and a legally blind person \"The Blind Bomber\" regularly attends (on a tandem bike, behind a sighted rider). Though not technically a race, there is some prestige in getting down the hill first. However, there is never shame in getting down the hill last, as safety and fun are what is encouraged, not going fast. The participants espouse a \"pack it in, pack it out/leave no trace\" philosophy in an effort to maintain cleanliness in the areas where they congregate. Zoobomb tries to be a positive force in the community by providing a safe environment to have a good time and to support bicycle advocacy and alternative non-polluting transportation.\n\n\nZoobomb Pile\n\nThough many riders bring their own bicycles, the participants maintain a \"Zoobomb pile\". This is a tower of minibikes anchored to a bicycle rack at the Zoobomb meeting point. These are spare bikes that are used as loaners for would-be Zoobombers who don't have their own bike. The pile has become a local landmark.In March 2009, a new pile was dedicated, in a ceremony attended by Portland mayor Sam Adams. The new pile is located at SW 13th and Burnside.\n\n\nRelated events\nThere are several annual events hosted by Zoobomb organizers and participants, including:\n\nZoobomb Century in June\nMiniBikeWinter in February\nZoobomb Summer Olympics (aka BiffDay) in August\nAlleykitten InvitationalZoobomb has inspired Hoodbomb, where participants gather at the Timberline Lodge and bomb the 5.5-mile (8.9 km) course of Timberline Road on Mount Hood.\n\n\nSee also\n\nPortland Urban Iditarod\nIdiotarod\nKinetic sculpture race\nShopping cart race\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nZoobomb website\nArchives of Zoobomb coverage on BikePortland.org\nZoobomb on Gridskipper.com, The Urban Travel Guide\nBBC coverage of zoobombing"}}}}

part_xec/zoilus

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"245077":{"pageid":245077,"ns":0,"title":"Zoilus","extract":"Zoilus (Greek: \u0396\u03c9\u0390\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 Zoilos; c. 400 \u2013 320 BC) was a Greek grammarian, Cynic philosopher, and literary critic from Amphipolis in Eastern Macedonia, then known as Thrace. He took the name Homeromastix (\u1f49\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03be \"Homer whipper\"; gen.: \u1f49\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2) later in life.\n\n\nBiography\nAccording to Vitruvius (vii., preface), Zoilus lived during the age of Ptolemy Philadelphus, by whom he was crucified as the punishment of his criticisms on the king; but this account should probably be rejected as a fiction based on Zoilus' reputation. Vitruvius goes on to state that Zoilus also may have been stoned at Chios or thrown alive upon a funeral pyre at Smyrna. Either way Vitruvius felt it was just as well since he deserved to be dead for slandering an author who could not defend himself. Zoilus appears to have been at one time a follower of Isocrates, but subsequently a pupil of Polycrates, whom he heard at Athens, where he was a teacher of rhetoric.Zoilus was chiefly known for the acerbity of his attacks on Homer, chiefly directed against the fabulous element in the Homeric poems. Zoilus also wrote responses to works by Isocrates and Plato, who had attacked the style of Lysias of which he approved.However, the Homeric Question led to his name becoming a byword for harsh and malignant criticism: in antiquity he gained the name \"Homeromastix\", \"scourge of Homer\"; in the modern period, Cervantes calls Zoilus a \"slanderer\" in the preface to Don Quixote and there is also a (now disused) proverb, \"Every poet has his Zoilus.\" Since his writings do not survive, it is impossible to know whether this caricature is justified.\n\n\nSee also\nZoilism\n-mastix\n\n\nNotes\n\n\nReferences\nAncient Library"}}}}

part_xec/zrs

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"18850561":{"pageid":18850561,"ns":0,"title":"ZRS","extract":"ZRS may refer to:\n\nZdru\u017eenie robotn\u00edkov Slovenska - a Slovak party (in government from 1994 to 1998)\n\u017deljeznice Republike Srpske - the railway company of the Republika Srpska, in Bosnia and Herzegovina\nAssociation of Radio Amateurs of Slovenia - (Slovene: Zveza radioamaterjev Slovenije), the national non-profit organization for amateur radio enthusiasts in Slovenia."}}}}

part_xec/zyras_collaris

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zyras_collaris","to":"Zyras collaris"}],"pages":{"45456001":{"pageid":45456001,"ns":0,"title":"Zyras collaris","extract":"Zyras collaris is a species of aleocharinae rove beetle in the genus Zyras. The species lives in Europe.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zouk_mosbeh

/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/4c298d70c6fa9381887d06b1385e2d79b6adb482ff3f936f70124e6bfacfb379

{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zouk_Mosbeh","to":"Zouk Mosbeh"}],"pages":{"36455989":{"pageid":36455989,"ns":0,"title":"Zouk Mosbeh","extract":"Zouk Mosbeh (Arabic: \u0632\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u062d) is a town and municipality in the Keserwan District of the Keserwan-Jbeil Governorate in Lebanon. It is located 12 kilometers north of Beirut. Zouk Mosbeh's average elevation is 170 meters above sea level and its total land area is 453 hectares. Its inhabitants are predominantly Maronite Catholics and Christians from other denominations. There are three schools in the town, one public and two private, which together enrolled a total of 4,633 students in 2005\u20132006. There were 167 businesses with over five employees operating in Zouk Mosbeh as of 2006.Zouk Mosbeh is well known for a cave called the King's Cave and is home to the Notre Dame University \u2013 Louaize. The town is home to the Hall of Fame Museum which contains fifty silicone models of famous celebrities, and several of them are animated. It is also home to the Christ the King Convent and the base of the Association for the Protection of the Lebanese Heritage.\n\n\nHistory\nIn 1838, Eli Smith noted Zuk Musbah as a village located in Aklim el-Kesrawan, Northeast of Beirut; the chief seat of the Maronites.\n\n\nIndustrial Zone\nThe city is known for its industrial zone which contains numerous shops. It has been hit with an explosion in 2007 causing one death and 3 injuries, but was rebuilt and started operating properly since then.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nBibliography\n\n\nExternal links\nPhotographs of the King's Cave, Zouk Mosbeh\nChrist The King Convent, Zouk Mosbeh - Wikimapia"}}}}

part_xec/zoilos_ii

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zoilos_II","to":"Zoilos II"}],"redirects":[{"from":"Zoilos II","to":"Zoilus II"}],"pages":{"1379614":{"pageid":1379614,"ns":0,"title":"Zoilus II","extract":"Zoilus II Soter (Ancient Greek: \u0396\u03c9\u0390\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1, romanized: Z\u014d\u00eflos S\u014dt\u0113r; epithet means \"the Saviour\") was an Indo-Greek king who ruled in eastern Punjab. Bopearachchi dates his reign to c. 55\u201335 BC, a date approximately supported by R. C. Senior. It is possible that some of his coins were issued by a separate king, Zoilus III.\n\n\nRule\n\nZoilus seems to have been one of the rulers who succeeded the last important Indo-Greek king Apollodotus II in the eastern parts of his former kingdom. All these kings use the same symbol as Apollodotus II, the fighting Pallas Athene introduced by Menander I, and usually also the same epithet Soter (Saviour). It is therefore possible that they belonged to the same dynasty, and Zoilus II could also have been related to the earlier king Zoilus I, but the lack of written sources make all such conjections uncertain.\nHe may have been the Bactrian ally of Mark Antony and Cleopatra VII referred to by Virgil in his vision of the Battle of Actium in : \n\n\nCoinage\nZoilus II issued silver drachms with diademed portrait and Pallas Athene in rather crude style, and two sorts of bronzes in various denominations: \"Apollo, with tripod and small elephant\", and \"Elephant and tripod\".\n\n\nZoilus III, a separate king?\n\nThe portraits attributed to Zoilus II could be divided into two groups; one depicting a balding man with hollow cheeks, the other a seemingly younger man with a fringe and round cheeks. As numismatic evidence indicates that the younger portraits are later, recent research has suggested that they be attributed to a younger king, Zoilus III Soter, who would then have been a son and successor of the older Zoilos.In particular, the mint mark which is characteristic of the coins of Zoilos with a full head of hair, is a later mint mark used down to the last Indo-Greek kings Strato II and Strato III, suggesting a later reign for Zoilus III. This mint-mark however was never used by the \"balding\" Zoilus II, or by any king before him.\n\n\nIndo-Scythian imitations\nThe Indo-Scythian king Bhadayasa also copied coins of Zoilus II, or the hypothetical Zoilus III, only mentioning his own name on the Kharoshthi legend of his coins.\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n\nMonograms\nMany of the monograms on the coins of Zoilus II are in Kharoshti, indicating that they were probably made by an Indian moneyer. This is a characteristic of several of the Indo-Greek kings of the eastern Punjab, such as Strato I, Apollodotus II, and sometimes Apollophanes and Dionysios. Furthermore, the monogram is often identical on their coins, indicating that the moneyer, or the place of mint, were the same.\nThe coins of Zoilus II combine Greek monograms with Kharoshthi ones, indicating that some of the celators may have been native Indians. The Kharoshthi monograms are the letters for: sti, ji, ra, ga, gri, ha, stri, ri, bu, a, di, stra, and \u015bi. The \"Apollo and tripod\" and \"Elephant and tripod\" types only have Kharoshthi monograms, while the portrait types usually have combinations of Greek and Kharoshthi monograms. The monogram 62 (below) has been shown to be the last Indo-Greek monogram, and only appears on the younger portraits that may belong to Zoilus III.\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n\nFindspots\n\nThe coins of Zoilus II have been found in the Sutlej and Sialkot II hoards, and in Punjab hoards east in the Jhelum (Bopearachchi, p138).\nAlso, 25 coins of Zoilus II were found under the foundations of a 1st-century BC rectangular chapel in the monastery of Dharmarajika, near Taxila.Two coins of Zoilus II were also found in the Bara hoard near Peshawar, together with coins of the Indo-Scythian kings Azes I, Azilises, Azes II.\n\n\nOverstrikes\nA coin of Zoilus II was overstruck on a coin of Apollodotus II.\n\n\nSee also\nGreco-Bactrian Kingdom\nSeleucid Empire\nGreco-Buddhism\nIndo-Scythians\nIndo-Parthian Kingdom\nKushan Empire\n\n\nNotes\n\n\nReferences\nThe Greeks in Bactria and India, W. W. Tarn, Cambridge University Press.\nIndo-Greek Coins, R. B. Whitehead, 1914."}}}}

part_xec/zosterophyllopsida

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"redirects":[{"from":"Zosterophyllopsida","to":"Zosterophyll"}],"pages":{"2799611":{"pageid":2799611,"ns":0,"title":"Zosterophyll","extract":"The zosterophylls are a group of extinct land plants that first appeared in the Silurian period. The taxon was first established by Banks in 1968 as the subdivision Zosterophyllophytina; they have since also been treated as the division Zosterophyllophyta or Zosterophyta and the class or plesion Zosterophyllopsida or Zosteropsida. They were among the first vascular plants in the fossil record, and had a world-wide distribution. They were probably stem-group lycophytes, forming a sister group to the ancestors of the living lycophytes. By the late Silurian (late Ludlovian, about 420 million years ago) a diverse assemblage of species existed, examples of which have been found fossilised in what is now Bathurst Island in Arctic Canada.\n\n\nMorphology\n\nThe stems of zosterophylls were either smooth or covered with small spines known as enations, branched dichotomously, and grew at the ends by unrolling, a process known as circinate vernation. The stems had a central vascular column in which the protoxylem was exarch, and the metaxylem developed centripetally. The sporangia were kidney-shaped (reniform), with conspicuous lateral dehiscence and were borne laterally in a fertile zone towards the tips of the branches.The zosterophylls were named after the aquatic flowering plant Zostera from a mistaken belief that the two groups were related. David P. Penhallow's generic description of the type genus Zosterophyllum refers to \"Aquatic plants with creeping stems, from which arise narrow dichotomous branches and narrow linear leaves of the aspect of Zostera.\" Zosterophyllum rhenanum was reconstructed as aquatic, the lack of stomata on the lower axes giving support to this interpretation. However, current opinion is that the Zosterophylls were terrestrial plants, and Penhallow's \"linear leaves\" are interpreted as the aerial stems of the plant that had become flattened during fossilization.Stomata were present, particularly on the upper axes. Their absence on the lower portions of the axes suggests that this part of the plants may have been submerged, and that the plants dwelt in boggy ground or even shallow water. In many fossils these appear to consist of a slit-like opening in the middle of a single elongated guard cell, leading to comparison with the stomata of some mosses. However, this is now thought to result from the loss of the wall separating paired guard cells during fossilisation.\n\n\nTaxonomy and classification\nAt first most of the fossilized early land plants other than bryophytes were placed in the class Psilophyta, established in 1917 by Kidston and Lang. As additional fossils were discovered and described, it became apparent that the Psilophyta were not a homogeneous group of plants, and in 1975 Banks developed his earlier proposal to split it into three groups, which he put at the rank of subdivision. One of these was the subdivision Zosterophyllophytina, named after the genus Zosterophyllum. For Banks, zosterophyllophytes or zosterophylls comprised plants with lateral sporangia which released their spores by splitting distally (i.e. away from their attachment), and which had exarch strands of xylem. Bank's classification produces the hierarchy:\n\nDivision Tracheata\n Subdivision \u2020Zosterophyllophytina = zosterophyllophytes, zosterophylls\n Subdivision Lycophytina = lycopods\n + other subdivisionsThose who treat most of the extant groups of plants as divisions may raise both the zosterophylls and the Lycophytina sensu Banks to the rank of division:\nDivision Zosterophyllophyta = zosterophylls, zosterophyllophytes\nDivision Lycophyta = lycophytesIn their cladistic study published in 1997, Kenrick and Crane provided support for a clade uniting both the zosterophylls and the lycopsids, producing a classification which places the zosterophylls in a class Zosterophyllopsida of the subdivision Lycophytina:\nDivision Tracheata\n Subdivision Lycophytina = lycophytes\n Class \u2020Zosterophyllopsida = zosterophylls\n Class Lycopodiopsida = lycopsidsThis approach has been widely used alongside previous systems. A consequence is that \"lycophyte\" and corresponding formal names such as \"Lycophyta\" and \"Lycophytina\" are used by different authors in at least two senses: either excluding zosterophylls in the sense of Banks or including them in the sense of Kenrick and Crane.\nA further complication is that the cladograms of Kenrick and Crane show that the zosterophylls, broadly defined, are paraphyletic, but contain a 'core' clade of plants with marked bilateral symmetry and circinate tips. The class Zosterophyllopsida sensu Kenrick & Crane may be restricted to this core clade, leaving many genera (e.g. Hicklingia, Nothia) with no systematic placement other than Lycophytina sensu Kenrick & Crane, but nevertheless still informally called \"zosterophylls\".\nUnder whatever name and rank, the zosterophylls have been divided into orders and families, e.g. the Zosterophyllales containing the Zosterophyllaceae and the Sawdoniales containing the Sawdoniaceae. Since the publication of cladograms showing that the group is paraphyletic divisions of the class have been less used, being ignored, for example, in the 2009 paleobotany textbook by Taylor et al.\n\n\nPhylogeny\nIn 2004, Crane et al. published a unified cladogram for the polysporangiophytes (plants with branched stems bearing sporangia), based on cladistic analyses of morphological features. This suggests that the zosterophylls were a paraphyletic stem group, related to the ancestors of modern lycophytes.\n\n\nGenera\nGenera which are included at or around the zosterophyll position in the cladogram or have otherwise been included in the group by at least one source, and hence may be considered zosterophylls in the broadest sense, are listed below. \"B\" indicates genera included by Banks in his 1975 description of Zosterophyllophytina.\n\nGenera may not be assigned to this group by other authors; for example, Adoketophyton was regarded by Hao et al., who named the genus, as having evolved separately from the lycopsids, so that its taxonomic placement was uncertain. Barinophytes, like Barinophyton, have been considered to be possible lycopsids, or to fall between the lycopsids and the euphyllophytes.\n\n\nSee also\nDrepanophycales, a clade of early lycopods\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nPalaeos Plants : Lycopsida : Zosterophyllopsida\n\"Introduction to the Zosterophylls\"."}}}}

part_xec/zulpich

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"1729820":{"pageid":1729820,"ns":0,"title":"Z\u00fclpich","extract":"Z\u00fclpich (K\u00f6lsch: Z\u00f6llech) is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany between Aachen and Bonn. It belongs to the district of Euskirchen.\n\n\nHistory\nThe town is commonly agreed to be the site with the Latin name of Tolbiacum, famous for the Battle of Tolbiac, fought between the Franks under Clovis I and the Alemanni; the traditional date is 496, corrected in many modern accounts to 506. The battle is commemorated in the names of the Rue de Tolbiac and the Tolbiac M\u00e9tro station in Paris.\nOn 1 January 1969, the former municipalities of Bessenich, D\u00fcrscheven, Enzen, Langendorf, Linzenich-L\u00f6venich, Merzenich, Nemmenich, Oberelvenich, R\u00f6venich, Sinzenich, \u00dclpenich, Weiler in der Ebene, and Wichterich were incorporated into the borough of Z\u00fclpich. On 1 January 1972, B\u00fcrvenich, F\u00fcssenich, and Schwerfen (part of Veytal) were added.\n\n\nSights\nZ\u00fclpich Castle\nWassersportsee Z\u00fclpich\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n\nTwinnings\n Blaye, France\n Kangasala, Finland\n Elst, Netherlands\n\n\nNotable people\nFerdinand von Hompesch zu Bolheim, (1744-1805), Grand Master of the Order of Malta\nTheodor Weber, (1836-1906), bishop\nTheo Breuer (born 1956), author and editor\nSilke Rottenberg, (born 1972), former national football player, grew up in Z\u00fclpich\nOliver Krischer, (born 1969), biologist and politician (The Greens), Member of Bundestag since 2009, lives in D\u00fcren\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n Media related to Z\u00fclpich at Wikimedia Commons\n Z\u00fclpich travel guide from Wikivoyage"}}}}

part_xec/zopheridae

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"3867645":{"pageid":3867645,"ns":0,"title":"Zopheridae","extract":"The Zopheridae family of beetles has grown considerably in recent years as the members of two other families have been included within its circumscription; these former families are the Monommatidae and the Colydiidae, which are now both included in the Zopheridae as subfamilies or (in the former case) even as tribe of subfamily Zopherinae. Some authors accept up to six subfamilies here, while others merge all except the Colydiinae into the Zopherinae.\nThe family has approximately 190 genera and 1700 species, which are found worldwide. A large number of members of the family feed on rotting wood or fungus associated with rotting wood, though some members of Colydiinae are predatory, or feed on living plant tissue such as roots, stems, flower stalks and fruit.The oldest fossils of the family are Paleoendeitoma (subfamily Colydiinae, tribe Synchitini) and Cretomysteria from the early Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Burmese amber from Myanmar.\n\n\nSee also\nList of subgroups of the order Coleoptera\n\n\nGenera\nThese 89 genera belong to the family Zopheridae:\n\nData sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zuki_lee

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zuki_Lee","to":"Zuki Lee"}],"pages":{"42441815":{"pageid":42441815,"ns":0,"title":"Zuki Lee","extract":"Zuki Lee (Chinese: \u674e\u601d\u84d3; born 26 September 1977) is a Hong Kong actress.Lee is noted for her roles as Qian Meimei and Shu Qing in the television series Flaming Butterfly (2007) and Mr. and Mrs. Gambler (2012) respectively.\n\n\nLife\nLee was born and raised in Hong Kong. She enrolled at the TVB's acting classes (\u7121\u7dda\u96fb\u8996\u85dd\u54e1\u9032\u4fee\u73ed), where she studied alongside Damon Law Kwun Fung, Lo Hing-Fai Marco, and LuLu Kai.In 2012, Lee signed with Wang Ziqi Studio (\u6c6a\u5b50\u7426\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4).\n\n\nPersonal life\nLee dated Eric Li when she studied at TVB's acting classes.\n\n\nFilmography\n\n\nFilm\n\n\nTelevision\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nZuki Lee on Sina Weibo (in Chinese)"}}}}

part_xec/zubeidaa

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"1792094":{"pageid":1792094,"ns":0,"title":"Zubeidaa","extract":"Zubeidaa is a 2001 Indian film directed by Shyam Benegal and written by Khalid Mohammed. It stars Karisma Kapoor, Rekha, Manoj Bajpayee, Surekha Sikri, Rajit Kapoor, Lillete Dubey, Amrish Puri, Farida Jalal, and Shakti Kapoor. A.R. Rahman has scored the background music and soundtrack for the movie.Zubeidaa is the concluding chapter in a trilogy that began with Mammo (1994) and continued with Sardari Begum (1996). The film is based on the life of the ill-fated actress Zubeida Begum, who married Hanwant Singh of Jodhpur and was the mother of the film's writer, Khalid Mohamed.\nThe film garnered the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi and won Karisma Kapoor a Filmfare Award for Best Actress (Critics). It is regarded by many critics as Kapoor's best performance (alongside Fiza where she also played the title role). The film was highly acclaimed and is regarded as of one of Benegal's best works blurring the lines of commercial and parallel cinema.\n\n\nPlot\nZubeidaa is the story of Riyaz's (Rajit Kapoor) search to understand his mother, who is not known to him, as he was brought up by his maternal grandmother in the absence of his mother. His mother's name was Zubeidaa (Karisma Kapoor) and she was the only daughter of a filmmaker named Suleman Seth (Amrish Puri). Zubeidaa acts in films secretly, but when her father finds out he forbids her to carry on and quickly arranges her marriage to his friend's son Dr. Mehboob Alam who becomes a Gharjamai. Things seem happy for her when she gives birth to Riyaz. However, a disagreement arises between Suleman and Mehboob's father, and Mehboob divorces Zubeidaa a few days after she gives birth.\nHeartbroken Zubeidaa then meets Maharaja Vijayendra Singh of Fatehpur (Manoj Bajpayee). Vijayendra is already married to Maharani Mandira Devi (Rekha) and is the father of two children. Nevertheless, he falls in love with Zubeidaa and they get married, but there is continuous turmoil in their relationship. Riyaz learns through Zubeidaa's journal that though she loved Vijayendra dearly, she was unable to follow the stifling customs of the palace. She was also uncomfortable because of her brother-in-law Uday Singh's sexual advances towards her, and his demands of her to have an extra-marital affair with him.\nRiyaz travels to Fatehpur and asks many people about his mother. However, all except Mandira, whom Zubeidaa called \"Mandy Didi\", either deny that his mother ever existed, or say that she was a horrible woman who seduced their king and caused his death in a plane crash.\nOn reading the journal, Riyaz finds out that Vijayendra had become a politician, and was about to go to Delhi for an important meeting. Zubeidaa felt frustrated that whenever her husband needed help he looked to Mandira for support, and at the last minute, she insisted that only she will accompany him to the meeting. The plane crashes, killing Zubeidaa and Vijayendra. It is indicated that Uday Singh probably had the plane sabotaged to kill Vijayendra and Mandira so that he could get both - Zubeidaa and the kingdom.\nIn the end, Riyaz gets the missing tape of his mother's only film, from Mandira. The movie ends with him finally getting to watch the film with his grandmother shedding tears of happiness, watching Zubeidaa dancing happily as the spirited soul that she truly was.\n\n\nCast\nKarisma Kapoor ... Zubeidaa Suleiman Seth/Zubeidaa Mehboob Alam/Rani Meenakshi Devi\nRekha ... Maharani Mandira Devi (Mandy)\nManoj Bajpayee ... Maharaja Vijayendra Singh (Victor)\nRahul Singh ... Raja Digvijay \"Uday\" Singh\nRajit Kapur ... Riyaz Masud\nSurekha Sikri ... Fayyazi\nAmrish Puri ... Suleiman Seth\nSeema Pahwa ... Zainab Bi\nFarida Jalal ... Mammo\nShakti Kapoor ... Dance Master Hiralal\nLillete Dubey ... Rose Davenport\nRavi Jhankal ... Girivar Singh\nSmriti Mishra ... Sardari Begum\nS M Zaheer ... Sajid Masud\nHarish Patel ... Nandlal Seth\n\n\nSoundtrack\nThe soundtrack was released in 2000 and contained eight tracks, all composed by A. R. Rahman, with lyrics by Javed Akhtar. Lata Mangeshkar collaborated with the musician again for a couple of tracks. Other singers, Kavita Krishnamurthy and Alka Yagnik walked away with all accolades for their renditions in their respective tracks.\n\n\nReception\nSuman Tarafdar of Filmfare described the film as \"very much a classy Benegal film, with new explorations of the human relationships in their multi-layered frameworks.\" and Kapoor \"for having come up with such an assured performance\".\n\n\nAwards\nNational Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi\nFilmfare Critics Award for Best Actress \u2013 Karisma Kapoor\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nZubeidaa at IMDb"}}}}

part_xec/zoologica_scripta

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zoologica_Scripta","to":"Zoologica Scripta"}],"pages":{"1260060":{"pageid":1260060,"ns":0,"title":"Zoologica Scripta","extract":"Zoologica Scripta is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal on systematic zoology, published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. It was established in 1972. The current chief editor is Per Sundberg. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 3.140, ranking it 12th out of 174 journals in the category \"Zoology\".\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nOfficial website\nISSN 0300-3256"}}}}

part_xec/zoran_tomic

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zoran_Tomi\u0107","to":"Zoran Tomi\u0107"}],"pages":{"33341507":{"pageid":33341507,"ns":0,"title":"Zoran Tomi\u0107","extract":"Zoran Tomi\u0107 (24 October 1958 \u2013 14 June 1989) was a Bosnian football midfielder who played for clubs in Yugoslavia and Turkey.\n\n\nCareer\nBorn in Mramor, Tomi\u0107 played with FK Sloboda Tuzla in the Yugoslav First League during his nine seasons with the club.\nTomi\u0107 signed with Turkish second division side Orduspor for two seasons in 1986. He moved to S\u00fcper Lig side Samsunspor in 1988, where he would make 16 league appearances before his death.\n\n\nPersonal\nThe Samsunspor team bus was involved in a traffic accident on the way to a match in Malatya on 20 January 1989, killing the team coach, two players and the bus driver instantly. Tomi\u0107 went into a coma and died six months later. After the accident, Samsunspor added the color of \"black\" their official club colors.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nProfile at Turksports.net\nZoran Tomi\u0107 at Mackolik.com (in Turkish)"}}}}

part_xec/zoe_green

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zo\u00eb_Green","to":"Zo\u00eb Green"}],"pages":{"27136254":{"pageid":27136254,"ns":0,"title":"Zo\u00eb Green","extract":"Zo\u00eb Green is an English born Film and TV writer.\n\n\nEducation\nShe was educated for eight years at the girls' boarding school Roedean School and then spent a year volunteering at an orphanage in Morocco before attending Cambridge University (Robinson College). At Cambridge she studied English literature and produced and directed plays at the Cambridge University Amateur Dramatic Club.\n\n\nJournalism\nAs a student Green wrote book reviews for The Guardian and The Observer before relocating to Los Angeles where she continued to occasionally contribute to both papers.\n\n\nScreenwriting\nGreen's first assignment was as a TV writer on Marvel Studios Wolverine and the X-Men followed by a sci-fi pilot sale, Dreamsolver, to ABC Television. She was then hired by The Walt Disney Company to write the feature film Tigress for comic book legend and producer Stan Lee, followed by Gargoyles and subsequently sold a movie pitch Book of Shadows to director Rob Reiner under his banner Castle Rock Entertainment, which she scripted.Soon after this she was hired by producers George Clooney and Grant Heslov at Smokehouse Pictures to adapt Neal Stephenson's 1996 Hugo Award-winning post-cyberpunk novel The Diamond Age into a 3-part special event miniseries for the SyFy Channel.Following two years working at 20th Century Fox in their new punch up feature writers room (Fox Writers Studio), Green returned to TV to join Ash vs Evil Dead from Exec Producer Sam Raimi. This was followed by writing on season two of Game of Thrones for Telltale Games. She then wrote on Sleepy Hollow for Fox.\nSubsequently, Green was hired as a team with Patrick Given to write a feature film based on the life of the Polish teenage Holocaust rescuer Irene Gut Opdyke, by Good Deed Entertainment with Annabel Jankel as director. She then became a writer/producer for Siren (TV series) on Freeform/Hulu and wrote on Carnival Row for Amazon. After this, she set up an original feature script, Tarot with Hyde Park Entertainment. Following this she was hired by Walden Media to adapt an upcoming YA novel for TV, and set up an original comedy pilot that she wrote during lockdown.\n\n\nFilmography\nDevil's Due (2014)\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nZo\u00eb Green at IMDb"}}}}

part_xec/zuhal_demir

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zuhal_Demir","to":"Zuhal Demir"}],"pages":{"28074045":{"pageid":28074045,"ns":0,"title":"Zuhal Demir","extract":"Zuhal Demir (born 2 March 1980 in Genk) is a Belgian lawyer and politician affiliated to the N-VA. Demir was elected as a member of the Belgian Chamber of Representatives in 2010. She is currently the Flemish minister for Justice and Enforcement, Environment, Energy and Tourism. Previously she served as Secretary of State for Poverty Reduction in the Belgian Government (2017-2018).\nShe is the daughter of Alevi Kurdish parents from Turkey and lives in Antwerp. She studied law at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven in 1998\u20132003, and went on in 2003\u20132004 with a Master in Social Law at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel. Since 2004, she has worked as a lawyer for an international law firm.From January 2013 until the end of 2015, she was the mayor of the district of Antwerp. In early 2016, she moved to Genk.\nIn February 2017, she succeeded Elke Sleurs as Secretary of State for Poverty Reduction, Equal Opportunities, People with Disabilities, Urban Policy and Scientific Policy. She has also chaired the Flemish government's integration strategy.Demir has been given the nickname 'Iron Lady', partly because demir is the Turkish word for iron, and partly due to her advocacy for limiting the duration of unemployment benefits to encourage people back to work.In 2017, she was accused by the Turkish press of supporting terrorism and of being a member of the banned Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK).Demir has received death threats as a result of her opposition to Turkey's treatment of its Kurdish population. In 2017 a man was sentenced to 6 months in prison for making threats against her. On 6 December 2018, the correctional court of Hasselt sentenced a man from Beringen with a fine of 400 Euros for threatening Zuhal Demir on Facebook. In May 2019, campaign posters for Demir in Maasmechelen were daubed with graffiti of swastikas and the logo of the extreme-right Turkish nationalist Grey Wolves organization. Demir responded that she would not be \"intimidated\" by the stunt. In November 2020, Demir received death and rape threats via email after she wrote a Facebook post criticising Diyanet (Directorate of Religious Affairs) funding and training of imams in mosques in Belgium. Demir described the Turkish Diyanet directorate as \"Erdogan's long arm\" and \"the antennae of the Erdogan regime.\" Similar threats were also given to Flemish Vlaams Belang politician Chris Janssens. Demir was subsequently given police protection and surveillance at her home.\n\n\nNotes\n\n\nExternal link\n Media related to Zuhal Demir at Wikimedia Commons"}}}}

part_xec/zoran_vanev

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zoran_Vanev","to":"Zoran Vanev"}],"pages":{"5700407":{"pageid":5700407,"ns":0,"title":"Zoran Vanev","extract":"Zoran \"Zoki\" Vanev (Serbian/Macedonian: \u0417\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d \u0412\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0432) is a Macedonian pop-folk singer.\nHe was born in \u0160tip, Macedonia, Yugoslavia and began his career in 1993 with the release of his song \"Angela\". He enjoyed moderate success in the Macedonian music industry in the 1990s, however his popularity in Macedonia declined by the turn of the century.\nIn 2003, he released his first Serbian album and is enjoying a successful career in Serbia and in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Many of his songs are about the city of Belgrade but some also mention cities in Bosnia most notably in his song Banja Luka, Beograd. Some of his hits in Serbian include \"Lila\", \"Monika\" and \"Ju\u017ena pruga\".He later stopped his music career and moved to Switzerland where he currently lives with his family and works with health insurance.\n\n\nDiscography\nLila (2003)\nMomak i Po (2004)\nTanga (2005)\nBanjaluka, Beograd (2007)\nUnnamed record (2009)\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nZoran Vanev Homepage in Serbian"}}}}

part_xec/zvi_bar

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zvi_Bar","to":"Zvi Bar"}],"pages":{"26688244":{"pageid":26688244,"ns":0,"title":"Zvi Bar","extract":"Zvi Bar, (Hebrew: \u05e6\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e8; born October 8, 1935 in Kfar Yona) is a retired Israeli military officer, police official, and politician. After serving in a variety of military and police command positions, Bar served as the fourth mayor of the Israeli city of Ramat Gan between 1989 and 2013.\n\n\nBiography\nBar was born in Kfar Yona during the Mandate era to parents of Kurdish Jewish origin. His father changed the family name from Barazani to Bar at the recommendation of David Ben-Gurion. Bar studied at the Tcherniovsky high school in Netanya. In 1954, Bar joined the Israel Defense Forces as a combat soldier in the Givati Brigade, and became an officer. Following the Suez Crisis, he joined the Paratroopers Brigade. After Yoav Shaham, the commander of Battalion 202 of the Paratroopers Brigade was killed in action during the Samu Incident in 1966, Bar was appointed to replace him.\nBar fought as the commander of Paratrooper Battalion 202 during the Six-Day War, participating in combat operations in Gaza City. In 1968, he participated in the Battle of Karameh. He later served as the deputy commander of the 275th brigade and as commander of the ID school of officer training. In October 1973, one day before the Yom Kippur War broke out, he was appointed commander of the 820th Brigade, which was positioned on the Golan Heights, and commanded that brigade through the war. He later testified before the Agranat Commission, an Israeli government investigation of failures that occurred during that war. He was then transferred to the Armored Corps and commanded the 166th Brigade, which was based in northern Israel.\nBar attended staff college in Israel and France, and completed a BA in political science from Bar-Ilan University in 1976. After completing his degree, he joined the Israel Police, and was appointed deputy commander of the Border Police. In January 1977, he was promoted to the rank of Major. In 1983 he was appointed head of the police operations department and served in this position until 1985.\n\n\nPolitical career\nBar was elected mayor of Ramat Gan in 1989. He came to the Israeli public's attention, and garnered approval and support, because of his leadership and morale-building when Ramat Gan was subjected to Iraqi Scud missiles during the Desert Storm operation. Bar was re-elected as in four consecutive elections \u2013 in 1993, 1998, 2003, and 2008. His fourth term ended in 2013.\n\n\nCorruption case\nIn 2004, Bar was questioned by police on allegations that he and mayor of neighboring Tel Aviv Ron Huldai engaged in corruption. In April 2011 the Ministry of Justice decided to indict Bar, along with five other real estate developers, for bribery and money laundering. In June 2015, Bar was sentenced to 5.5 years in prison. After an appeal of the verdict, his sentence was reduced to three years by the Israeli Supreme Court. Bar began serving his sentence at Maasiyahu Prison on February 1, 2017.\n\n\nPersonal life\nZvi Bar is married to Riva, with whom he has three children.\n\n\nSee also\nList of Israeli public officials convicted of crimes or misdemeanors\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nZvi Bar Ramat Gan Municipality"}}}}

part_xec/zuhayr_ibn_janab

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zuhayr_ibn_Janab","to":"Zuhayr ibn Janab"}],"pages":{"52345411":{"pageid":52345411,"ns":0,"title":"Zuhayr ibn Janab","extract":"Zuhayr ibn Janab ibn Hubal al-Kalbi was a chieftain of the Banu Kalb tribe and a pre-Islamic Arabic warrior poet. Much of his biography relies on semi-legendary accounts, but it is apparent that he lived in the early 6th century. He led not only the Kalb, but the entire Quda'a tribal confederation. During his one-time alliance with the Aksumite viceroy Abraha, Zuhayr quelled a revolt by the Taghlib and Bakr tribes, capturing their chieftains, including Kulayb ibn Rabi'a. Later, he destroyed the pagan sanctuary of the Ghatafan tribe, which rivaled the Ka'aba in Mecca. Traditional Arab sources noted that Zuhayr lived an extremely long life, and finally died by suicide after he was disobeyed. His descendants, particularly those belonging to the family of Bahdal ibn Unayf, would later hold high positions under the Umayyad Caliphate.\n\n\nLife\nZuhayr's genealogy, as cited by Ibn Abd Rabbih, is Zuhayr ibn Jan\u0101b ibn Hubal ibn \u02bfAbd All\u0101h ibn Kin\u0101na. He belonged to the Banu Kalb tribe, and served as one of the group's main chieftains. According to some ancient or medieval Arab sources, Zuhayr was also the leader of the entire Quda'a confederation, which included the Bedouin tribes of Kalb, Juhayna, Bali, al-Qayn, Bahra' and Tanukh. Under Zuhayr's leadership, the Kalb also formed a close alliance with the Amilah tribe. Zuhayr is recorded as one of the mu\u02bfammar\u016bn (centenarians) and he was noted in Arab legends for his extremely long life. According to these fables, Zuhayr lived to 450 years of age, and his grandfather Hubal lived to 650.Sometime in the early or mid-6th century, Zuhayr was a one-time ally of Abraha (d. ca. 553), the Aksumite viceroy of Yemen and enemy of the Meccans. Abraha gave Zuhayr authority over the related tribes of Taghlib and Banu Bakr. He led an attack by the Kalb and their Yemeni allies against the two tribes when they revolted, and took captive the Taghlibi chieftain Kulayb ibn Rabi'a and his brother Muhalhil. In his poetry, Zuhayr refers to this battle, which is recorded by many traditional Arab sources, saying \"We captured Muhalhil and his brother ... May Taghlib perish because their women are herded to the market like slaves with no ornaments\". After the battle, the Amilah persuaded Zuhayr to release Muhalhil and noblemen from the Bakr tribe.Later, friendly relations apparently existed between Zuhayr and the Meccans, including the tribe of Quraysh. When the Ghatafan tribe constructed a haram (religious sanctuary) for their idols at a place called \"Buss\" to rival the Ka'aba in Mecca, Zuhayr resolved to destroy it. Accounts vary as to Zuhayr's motive, with some holding that the erection of the haram offended Zuhayr because it implied Ghatafani superiority over his own tribe, and others claiming that it was a favor by Zuhayr to the Quraysh in Mecca. The former account is supported by 10th-century historian Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani, who wrote that when Zuhayr became aware of the Ghatafan's action, he exclaimed \"By God, that will never happen while I am alive! I will never leave Ghatafan alone while they take a haram\". Following this, Zuhayr gathered his Kalbi tribesmen, raided and defeated the Ghatafan in their dwelling place and destroyed their haram. Afterward, \"he acted graciously toward Ghatafan\", releasing their women and cattle.\n\n\nLegacy\nZuhayr is said have killed himself by drinking unmixed wine after being disobeyed. His legend and prestige continued to hold great significance for the Kalb and the entire Quda'a confederation until at least the 8th century, i.e. two centuries into the Islamic era. Among his descendants were the Banu Haritha ibn Janab clan, whose genealogy is traced to Zuhayr as: \u1e24aritha ibn Jan\u0101b ibn Qays ibn Imru\u02be al-Qays ibn J\u0101bir ibn Zuhayr ibn Jan\u0101b. Many of the clan's members played prominent roles in early Islamic history. These included the offspring of Bahdal ibn Unayf (d. 650s), such as his daughter Maysun, who married Caliph Mu'awiyah I (r. 661\u2013680) and gave birth to the latter's son and successor Yazid I (r. 680\u2013683). Bahdal's grandsons Hassan (d. 668), Humayd and Sa'id, also played leading roles over the Kalb and in the Umayyad court and military. Other notable members of the Banu Haritha ibn Janab included al-Fahl ibn Ayyash, who reportedly slew Yazid ibn al-Muhallab in 720, and the poet al-Musayyab ibn Rifall.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nBibliography"}}}}

part_xec/zuginsfeld

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"39600551":{"pageid":39600551,"ns":0,"title":"Zuginsfeld","extract":"\"Zuginsfeld\" is an expressionist, satirical poem by Otto Nebel. The poem covers over 6,000 verses and is divided into twenty-three sections. The content is divided into two parts. The first part covers the structure of the military and the second part discusses the Thirty Years' War. The poem is a condemnation of war and the society that produces it.\n\n\nCreation\nNebel wrote the first two versions of \"Zuginsfeld\" in 1918 during his fourteen-month stay as a prisoner-of-war at the English prison camp Colsterdale (Yorkshire) during World War I. It was published in installments by the magazine Der Sturm between 1920 and 1923.\n\n\nContents\nThe main theme of \"Zuginsfeld\" is the horror of war and the subsequent arousal of intellectual and artistic appeal. Special loathing attests to language, which has become a lie.\n\"Zuginsfeld\" is divided into two main parts and 23 sections. Part one starts with the structure of the military. The sections are titled as follows:\n\n\"The Congregation\" (Section I)\n\"The Corporal\" (Section II)\n\"The Sergeant\" (Section III)\n\"Chamber Sergeant\" (Section IV)\n\"Writer\" (Section V)\n\"Military Music\" (Section VI)\n\"Army Doctor\" (Section VII)\n\"Lieutenant\" (Section VIII)\n\"Captain\" (Section IX)\n\"Colonel\" (Section XI)\n\"General\" (Section XII)\n\"Exercises\" (Section XIII)\n\"Alp\" (Section XIV)\n\"Kaiser Wilhelm\" (Section XV)Part two begins with \"The War Breaks Out\" (Section XVI), and continues with the theme of the war until \"Help!\" (Section XXIII), a cry without an answer that ends the work. The poem spans the length of the Thirty Years' War, from the pre-war days to just after the war's end.\n\n\nAllusions\nThe title of the work, \"Zuginsfeld\", is an allusion to Springinsfeld, the antihero from Grimmelshausen's work Der seltsame Springinsfeld.\n\n\nLanguage and style\nIn \"Zuginsfeld\", phrases and comments are displayed side by side. The poem is characterized by strings of words that are interrupted abruptly in some places. \"Zuginsfeld\" begins by quoting a patriotic phrase: \"Military strength in the Spirit\". Immediately Nebel asks the critical question: who will vouch for that? The answer is \"the Man\". According to the interpretation of Ren\u00e9 Radrizzani, in the next lines the man is manipulated as a subject and uniformed. \"Zuginsfeld\" also contains puns, such as \"Conscription: vulgarity in space!\", \"Kaffir gossip - coffee battle\", \"thief homeland retired\", and \"right to vote\". According to Radrizzani, the language holds the world language of the poem as whole, exposing the fog phrases and company's lies.\n\n\nIn other media\nIn 1970, a radio play was produced, with Nebel's participation. \nIn 1972, a recording of a reading was recorded by Nebel in Basel.\n\n\nSources\nZuginsfeld: Graphic Images of Otto Nebel (1930). The Swiss Federal Archives Berne; Lit Bhattacharya-Stettler, Therese Otto Nebel. Benteli, Bern 1982, ISBN 3-7165-0410-6 .\nRene Radrizzani (ed.): Otto Nebel, The Poetic Work: Zuginsfeld, Unfeig, The Wheel of the Titans <vol. 1-3>. Edition Text + Kritik, Munich, 1979, ISBN 3-921402-64-6\nMader, Helmut. \"The father of concrete poetry?\". Die Zeit. Retrieved 6 June 2013.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zulaher

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"37197001":{"pageid":37197001,"ns":0,"title":"Zulaher","extract":"Zulaher (Persian: \u0632\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0631, also Romanized as Z\u016bl\u0101her) is a village in Seyyedvaliyeddin Rural District, Sardasht District, Dezful County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 21, in 4 families.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}

part_xec/zoo_vet

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zoo_Vet","to":"Zoo Vet"}],"pages":{"8346279":{"pageid":8346279,"ns":0,"title":"Zoo Vet","extract":"Zoo Vet and Zoo Vet: Endangered Animals are computer games designed by Legacy Games. In the games, you play a vet recently hired by a zoo, and have to give the animals vet care. Each level has five different animals to care for, and some animals get treated twice. In Zoo Vet: Endangered Animals, some animals have two of the same kind instead of treating the same animal twice. Some of the missions in the original include a chimpanzee with a sore eye and a giraffe with loose stool. Some of the missions in the sequel include an eagle with a broken wing and a gorilla with high blood pressure."}}}}

part_xec/zosimos_of_panopolis

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zosimos_of_Panopolis","to":"Zosimos of Panopolis"}],"pages":{"2099084":{"pageid":2099084,"ns":0,"title":"Zosimos of Panopolis","extract":"Zosimos of Panopolis (Greek: \u0396\u03ce\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2; also known by the Latin name Zosimus Alchemista, i.e. \"Zosimus the Alchemist\") was a Greco-Egyptian alchemist and Gnostic mystic who lived at the end of the 3rd and beginning of the 4th century AD. He was born in Panopolis (present day Akhmim, in the south of Roman Egypt), and flourished ca. 300. He wrote the oldest known books on alchemy, which he called \"Cheirokmeta,\" using the Greek word for \"things made by hand.\" Pieces of this work survive in the original Greek language and in translations into Syriac or Arabic. He is one of about 40 authors represented in a compendium of alchemical writings that was probably put together in Constantinople in the 7th or 8th century AD, copies of which exist in manuscripts in Venice and Paris. Stephen of Alexandria is another.\nArabic translations of texts by Zosimos were discovered in 1995 in a copy of the book Keys of Mercy and Secrets of Wisdom by Ibn Al-Hassan Ibn Ali Al-Tughra'i', a Persian alchemist. Unfortunately, the translations were incomplete and \nseemingly non-verbatim. The famous index of Arabic books, Kitab al-Fihrist by Ibn Al-Nadim, mentions earlier translations of four books by Zosimos, but due to inconsistency in transliteration, these texts were attributed to names \"Thosimos\", \"Dosimos\" and \"Rimos\"; also it is possible that two of them are translations of the same book.\nFuat Sezgin, a historian of Islamic science, found 15 manuscripts of Zosimos in six libraries, at Tehran, Cairo, Istanbul, Gotha, Dublin and Rampur. Mich\u00e8le Mertens analyzed what is known about those manuscripts in her translation of Zosimos, concluding that the Arabic tradition seems extremely rich and promising, and regretting the difficulty of access to these materials until translated editions are available.\n\n\nAlchemy\nZosimos provided one of the first definitions of alchemy as the study of \"the composition of waters, movement, growth, embodying and disembodying, drawing the spirits from bodies and bonding the spirits within bodies.\"In general, Zosimos' understanding of alchemy reflects the influence of Hermetic and Gnostic spiritualities. He asserted that the fallen angels taught the arts of metallurgy to the women they married, an idea also recorded in the Book of Enoch and later repeated in the Gnostic Apocryphon of John. In a fragment preserved by Syncellus, Zosimos wrote:\n\n The ancient and divine writings say that the angels became enamoured of women; and, descending, taught them all the works of nature. From them, therefore, is the first tradition, chema, concerning these arts; for they called this book chema and hence the science of chemistry takes its name.\nThe external processes of metallic transmutation\u2014the transformations of lead and copper into silver and gold were said to always to mirror an inner process of purification and redemption. In his work Concerning the true Book of Sophe, the Egyptian, and of the Divine Master of the Hebrews and the Sabaoth Powers, Zosimos wrote:\n\nThere are two sciences and two wisdoms, that of the Egyptians and that of the Hebrews, which latter is confirmed by divine justice. The science and wisdom of the most excellent dominate the one and the other. Both originate in olden times. Their origin is without a king, autonomous and immaterial; it is not concerned with material and corruptible bodies, it operates, without submitting to strange influences, supported by prayer and divine grace.\nThe symbol of chemistry is drawn from the creation by its adepts, who cleanse and save the divine soul bound in the elements, and who free the divine spirit from its mixture with the flesh.\n\nAs the sun is, so to speak, a flower of the fire and (simultaneously) the heavenly sun, the right eye of the world, so copper when it blooms\u2014that is when it takes the color of gold, through purification\u2014becomes a terrestrial sun, which is king of the earth, as the sun is king of heaven.\nGreek alchemists used what they called \u1f55\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1 \u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bf\u03bd, meaning both divine water, and sulphurous water. For Zosimos, the alchemical vessel was imagined as a baptismal font, and the tincturing vapours of mercury and sulphur were likened to the purifying waters of baptism, which perfected and redeemed the Gnostic initiate. Zosimos drew upon the Hermetic image of the krater or mixing bowl, a symbol of the divine mind in which the Hermetic initiate was \"baptized\" and purified in the course of a visionary ascent through the heavens and into the transcendent realms. Similar ideas of a spiritual baptism in the \"waters\" of the transcendent pleroma are characteristic of the Sethian Gnostic texts unearthed at Nag Hammadi. This image of the alchemical vessel as baptismal font is central to his Visions, discussed below.\n\n\nCarl Jung and the Visions of Zosimos\nOne of Zosimos' texts is about a sequence of dreams related to Alchemy, and presents the proto-science as a much more religious experience. In his dream he first comes to an altar and meets Ion, who calls himself \"the priest of inner sanctuaries, and I submit myself to an unendurable torment.\" Ion then fights and impales Zosimos with a sword, dismembering him \"in accordance with the rule of harmony\" (referring to the division into four bodies, natures, or elements). He takes the pieces of Zosimos to the altar, and \"burned (them) upon the fire of the art, till I perceived by the transformation of the body that I had become spirit.\" From there, Ion cries blood, and horribly melts into \"the opposite of himself, into a mutilated anthroparion\"\u2014which Carl Jung perceived as the first concept of the homunculus in alchemical literature.\nZosimos wakes up, asks himself, \"Is not this the composition of the waters?\" and returns to sleep, beginning the visions again\u2014he constantly wakes up, ponders to himself and returns to sleep during these visions. Returning to the same altar, Zosimos finds a man being boiled alive, yet still alive, who says to him, \"The sight that you see is the entrance, and the exit, and the transformation ... Those who seek to obtain the art (or moral perfection) enter here, and become spirits by escaping from the body\"\u2014which can be regarded as human distillation; just as how distilled water purifies it, distilling the body purifies it as well. He then sees a Brazen Man (another homunculus, as Jung believed any man described as being metal is perceived as being a homunculus), a Leaden Man (an \"agathodaemon\" and also a homunculus, but see also Agathodaemon the alchemist). Zosimos also dreams of a \"place of punishments\" where all who enter immediately burst into flames and submit themselves to an \"unendurable torment.\"\nJung believed these visions to be a sort of Alchemical allegory, with the tormented homunculi personifying transmutations\u2014burning or boiling themselves to become something else. The central image of the visions are the Sacrificial Act, which each Homunculus endures. In alchemy the dyophysite nature is constantly emphasized, two principles balancing one another, active and passive, masculine and feminine, which constitute the eternal cycle of birth and death. This is also illustrated in the figure of the uroboros, the dragon that bites its own tail (and which appears earliest in the Chrysopoeia). Self-devouring is the same as self-destruction, but the unison of the dragon's tail and mouth was also thought of as self-fertilization. Hence the text of \"Tractatus Avicennae\" mentions \"the dragon slays itself, weds itself, impregnates itself.\" In the visions, circular thinking appears in the sacrificial priest's identity with his victim and in the idea that the homunculus into whom Ion is changed devours himself\u2014he spews fourth his own flesh and rends himself with his own teeth. The homunculus therefore stands for the uroboros, which devours itself and gives birth to self. Since the homonculus represents the transformation of Ion, it follows that Ion, the uroboros, and the sacrificer are essentially the same.\n\n\nThe Book of Pictures\nThis book is divided into 13 chapters, each of them being introduced by a separate image. \nTwo chapters contain a whole series of images, which - according to Zosimos' statements - are meant to be pondered upon in order to better understand his teaching.:\u200a19\u200aThe whole text gives a lively dialogue between an alchemical couple: i.e. Zosimos and his female student Theosebeia, revolving about Zosimos' teaching. It reports Theosebeia's complaining about unclear statements of Zosimos as well as Zosimos' anger about her inability to understand his statements. At first sight, the dialogue deals with question upon how to understand statements of alchemical philosophers like Agathodaimon, Democritos, Isis, Moses, Maria, Ostanes, as well as with questions about technical aspects of the alchemical work. But again and again, Zosimos emphasises that he does not talk about the substances and processes as such, as matter, but that they have to be understood symbolically. Zosimos describes the alchemical work by means of a series of images and says to Theosebeia: \"What I wrote and told you, and with the picture I made for you with me in it, I gave you what you need to know, and this should be enough for you.\".:\u200afol.38b.3\u20135\u200a He also states, that these images depict his own innerpsychic process of transformation.:\u200a33\u201337,\u200a68f.\u200aZosimos' teaching is based on the one hand on his own dream visions, reported in the text. Another source for his teaching was his suffering of a passionate love relationship to Theosebeia, being not allowed to be simply lived out physically. This led him to understand the alchemical work as psychic transformation, enabling the adept to hold and contain the fire of attraction. Correspondingly, Zosimos drew symbolic images of his own death and resurrection as explanation for Theosebeia.:\u200a29f.,\u200a80f.,\u200a68f.,\u200a135\u200a\nFollowing Abt, the book can be regarded as the earliest historical description of an alchemical work based on a psychic transformation.\" And it \"is a testimony of the painstaking quest to understand not only the problem but also the meaning of attraction, repulsion and ultimate reconciliation between the outer male and female as well as the inner fire and water\" a process that \"is described [...] with basic substances, mirroring the very elemental, collective character of this process.\":\u200a69,\u200a137\u200aIn this book, we find fragments of writings from \"The Sulfurs\", which are ascribed to Zosimos and from his \"Letters to Theosebeia\". In the course of the dialogue, those fragments seem to be interrupted by Theosebeia's questions and by further explanations. By this, Zosimos' teaching is presented in an easier and more understandable way, as Abt holds.:\u200a115\u20136\u200aWith regard to content and style, there are similarities between both books, \"the Book of Pictures\" and the \"Book of Keys\" (see there).\nUp to now, only one single Arabic manuscript of the \"Book of Pictures\" is extant. In the fourth part of the \"Book of the Rank of the Sage (Rutbat al-\u1e24ak\u012bm) its author Maslama al-Qur\u021bub\u012b (formerly wrongly assigned to Maslama al-Magriti) quotes extensively from the \"Book of Pictures\". He is the first author quoting it,:\u200a10f.\u200a but using another Greek original than the one published in 2015 than the version published 2015 (CALA III, by Th. Abt) and has influenced several alchemists like the early Arabic alchemist Ibn Umail, the \"Kitab al-Habib\" (Book of the Friend/Lover; including a dialogue between a so-called Rusam and Theosebeia) and the alchemist \"Hermes of Dendera\", author of \"Risalat as-Sirr\" (Epistle of the Secret; including a similar dialogue between Hermes Budasir und Amnutasiya). Other traits of Latin symbolic alchemy, like the traditional division of the work in 12 parts or the representation of inner and outer relationship between adept and soror mystica (e.g. in \"Rosarium Philosophorum\" and in \"Mutus Liber\") can be traced back to this book and seem to be influcend by it. Fragments of the text of the \"Book of Pictures\" can be found in \"Rosarium Philosophorum\" and \"Artis Auriferae\".:\u200ap.68f.,\u200a136\u200a (e.g. titled \"Tractatus Rosini ad Euticiam\" (=\"Treatise of Rosinus to Euticia\").:\u200a162\u200aThe Book of Pictures itself is influenced by Ancient Egyptian thinking, its iconography showing relations to pharaonic iconography and having motifs paralleling Egyptian books of the underworld like Amduat, which was known until Greek-Roman times.\nRegarding the inner and outer relationship between man and woman or between psychic male and female aspects, the \"Book of Pictures\" forms a cultural bridge between pharaonic thoughts and European medieval alchemy.:\u200a108f.,\u200a136\u200a\n\n\nThe Book of the Keys of the Work\nThis book is written as commentary in 10 chapters on \"the Book of the 10 Keys\", a work ascribed to Democritus (Democritus of Abdera or Pseudo-Democritus).:\u200a163\u200a As at the beginning of the book (fol. 41a.3-4) is written, this commentary was Zosimos' last text written for Theosebeia. According to Abt, the book gives an essence of Zosimos' teachings, as the preamble says, that the book is so clear and understandable, that after its reading, Theosebeia \"understood the [alchemical] work\".:\u200a12\u20133\u200aThere are many parallels between the \"Book of the Keys of the Work\" and \"The Book of Pictures\" in terms of subject and style: Both books are written \"to my lady\" and mainly \"in dialogue form, [... have] the same emphasis on the fact that there is just one alchemical operation [...], the alchemical work is one and emphasises the same central role for Democritus, 'the head of the sages of his time' [...]. The operation in both books centres on a composition of vapours [...]. It has the same essential feature of extracting the subtle with 'gentleness' [...] from all four natures, the mixture of like with like, and the need to bind the fugitive spirit. They have analogies in common, for example that of copper with the human being.:\u200a45f.\u200a\nAs in the \"Book of Pictures\", one can trace motives and symbols of Zosimos' teachings that go back to the worldview of pharaonic Egypt. Integrating these motives allows a better understanding of the text.:\u200a20\u201353\u200a\n\n\nSurviving works\nAuthentic Memoirs\nThe Book of the Keys of the Work (Kit\u0101b Maf\u0101t\u012b\u1e25 a\u1e63-\u1e63an'a)\nThe Book of Pictures (Mu\u1e63\u1e25af a\u1e63-\u1e63uwar)\nConcerning the true Book of Sophe, the Egyptian, and of the Divine Master of the Hebrews and the Sabaoth Powers (French translation)\nThe Final Quittance (French translation)\nLetters to Theosebeia\nOn the Evaporation of the Divine Water that fixes Mercury (French translation )\nOn the Letter Omega (English excerpt translated by G.R.S. Mead; French translation)\nThe Sulfurs\nTreatise on Instruments and Furnaces (French translation)\nThe Visions of Zosimos (English translation)The complete (as of 1888) \"\u0152uvres de Zosime\" were published in French by M. Berthelot in Les alchimistes grecs. English translations remain elusive; English translations of the Arabic The Book of the Keys of the Work (Kit\u0101b Maf\u0101t\u012b\u1e25 a\u1e63-\u1e63an'a) and The Book of Pictures (Mu\u1e63\u1e25af a\u1e63-\u1e63uwar) have been published by Th. Abt and W. Madelung.\n\n\nSee also\nAlchemy and chemistry in medieval Islam\nMary the Jewess\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nBibliography\n\n\nFragments\n\n\nArabic works\n\n\nStudies\n\n\nExternal links\nA translation of Zosimos's Three Visions by Andrew Barrett in 3:AM Magazine\n\nhttps://www.3ammagazine.com/3am/three-visions-of-zosimus/"}}}}

part_xec/zollinger-harned_company_building

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zollinger-Harned_Company_Building","to":"Zollinger-Harned Company Building"}],"pages":{"34967288":{"pageid":34967288,"ns":0,"title":"Zollinger-Harned Company Building","extract":"Zollinger-Harned Company Building, now known as The Sovereign Building, is a historic department store building located at Allentown, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania.\n\n\nHistory\nAllentown's third department store, Zollinger-Harned, has its origins in the dry goods firm of Lawfer & Steckel, founded by William R. Lawfer and W. R. Steckel in 1866 at 626 Hamilton Street (Corner of Church & Hamilton Streets). The store carried a large stock of dry goods, notions and groceries. The business was continued by the original partners until 1874, when Steckel disposed of his interest to George W. Hartzell. Hartzell retired in 1876 and the firm was re-constituted as W.R. Lawfer & Company.W.R. Lawfer expanded the business and purchased the larger buildings at 611 and 613 Hamilton Street. He combined the structures into one large building which opened in March, 1882. The firm sold a wide number of women's dresses, and coats. As the firm grew it expanded with books, toys, jewellery, kitchen crockery, carpets as well as men's and children's clothing. To accommodate this expansion, W.R. Lawfer expanded the store by first purchasing two properties at 12 and 16 North Sixth Street. All of these buildings were merged, forming an \"T\" shape, with the Hamilton Street buildings extending north to Court Street, the Sixth Street buildings merging into the Hamilton Street building on the right side of the property. The present-day Sovereign Building retains this basic design. A second expansion added the stores at 607 and 609 Hamilton Street to the store, with Lawfer advertising the store as \"Allentown's Big Department Store\".\nLawfer and John Wanamaker of Philadelphia were friends, as Lawfer had worked for Wanamaker in the 1850s and 1860s prior to opening his own store in Allentown. It was from Wanamaker's Department store that Lawfer began decorating his store, as early as 1904 at Christmas. Lawfer's was the first local department store to feature a separate toy department that it called \u201cToyland.\u201d At the center of the toy display that Christmas was a 24-foot-tall, one ton figure it called \u201cSanta Claus\u2019 Father.\u201d It is not known if this was an attempt to combine the English figure known as \u201cFather Christmas\u201d with Nast's character. On December 9, 1905 local newspapers ran the first announcement of Lawfer's live Santa Claus. \u201cVisit Santa Claus at his Cave in Toyland,\u201d it read. \u201cIf you haven\u2019t paid Santa a visit in his pretty Toyland, you had better come soon. Santa remembers every little face, you know, and he says there are some chubby little folks on his list he hasn\u2019t seen yet. Bring your letters and put them in the letter box in his cave.\u201d\nW. R. Lawfer died suddenly on September 11, 1900 and the store was taken over by his sons, J. Harry Lawfer, John N. Lawfer, and Alvin W. Lawfer. They ran the business for the next several years until 1903 when J. Harry Lawfer retired from the firm, turning his share of the business to John N. Lawfer. John N Lawfer subsequently sold his share to Alvan Lawfer and he started his own carpet and drapery store at 709 Hamilton Street. In 1906, due to ill health, Alvin Lawfer sold a major interest in the store to Clarence J. Early, and the name was changed to Lawfer-Early. However, the following year, in 1907, with his health further failing Lawfer sold his interests to William C. Harned and the ownership was totally reorganized and the name changed to Harned-Early. In a further reorganization in 1909, William R. Zollinger purchased Early's interests with the store again being renamed the Zollinger-Harned Company. William Zollinger, who lived in Sandusky, Ohio, operated the Zollinger Department store the 1880s. The new owners tore down the amalgamation of separate storefronts and erected a single large three-story building at 607-613 Hamilton that wrapped around to the right with a double storefront at 14-16 North Sixth Street.\n\nIn 1922, William Zollinger died, and his interests were purchased by the Vollmer family. In 1926, the store expanded again by purchasing 605 Hamilton Street, which it incorporated into its existing building. As part of the expansion, the store was remodeled into a seven bay wide building with Classical Revival style influences. It featured architectural terra cotta panels and richly detailed bronze display window surrounds. This remodeling was completed in 1926.The store operated successfully for decades, and was the first of the Allentown department stores to open a branch at the suburban Whitehall Mall in 1966. In 1970, Donald Vollmer, then president of the store, purchased Bears Department Store in York, Pennsylvania and renamed it Zollinger-Harned, making it the third store in the then Zollinger-Harned chain. A fourth store in the Wyoming Valley Mall near Wilkes-Barre was opened in 1971.However, like many other major department stores in the 1970s, suburbanization and the growth of shopping malls led to declining sales of large department stores in Central Business Districts. In 1975, Zollinger's was still profitable, but in 1976 the losses began to mount. In February 1977, Vollmer sold his interest to Allentown clothier Sigmund Levin for $1 and other considerations. A month later, Levin filed for Chapter 13 bankruptcy protection from creditors while the company reorganized. Over the next 11 months, the company went through a variety of efforts to return to financial health.\nThe slide continued, however. A few months after the petition was filed, the company abandoned its York store and its merchandise was eventually sold and the store closed. In October 1977, the Wyoming Valley Mall store was sold to Hess's. Lastly, the Allentown flagship and the Whitehall Mall stores lasted through the Christmas shopping season of 1977. However, Zollinger-Harned filed for complete bankruptcy on January 30, 1978, and closed its doors for the last time.\n\n\nSovereign Building\n\nThe Whitehall Mall store was sold to Leh's. However, for several years the flagship store on Hamilton Street in Allentown remained vacant. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. In December 1982, the Allentown store was purchased by Sovereign Realty and Development. The building was renovated and reopened as the Sovereign Building in May 1984. Renovations included a glass-arched entrance from a pedestrian plaza between Hamilton and Court streets leading to a \"grapefruit-domed\" lobby with a decor of antique brass, mirrors, greenery and wing-backed chairs. The main floor and basement were developed into retail spaces, while the upper floors were turned into 42 private office suites.\nSovereign later went into financial difficulties and the building was sold at a sheriffs sale on 22 September 1989. Today the building is operated as an office building by an owner who resides in Philadelphia.\n\n\nSee also\nH. Leh and Company\nHess Brothers\nList of historic places in Allentown, Pennsylvania\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links"}}}}

part_xec/zoran_mijucic

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{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Zoran_Mijuci\u0107","to":"Zoran Mijuci\u0107"}],"pages":{"32727941":{"pageid":32727941,"ns":0,"title":"Zoran Mijuci\u0107","extract":"Zoran Mijuci\u0107 (Serbian Cyrillic: \u0417\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d \u041c\u0438\u0458\u0443\u0446\u0438\u045b; 23 December 1968 \u2013 3 October 2009) was a Serbian footballer.\n\n\nCareer\n\n\nClub career\nMijuci\u0107 was part of the famed Vojvodina squad that won the Yugoslav First League in 1989. Later he played for Cement Beo\u010din.\n\n\nInternational career\nMijuci\u0107 was a member of the highly talented Yugoslavian under-20 team that won the 1987 FIFA World Youth Championship in Chile, playing five games in the tournament.\n\n\nDeath and legacy\nMijuci\u0107 died on 3 October 2009 after a lengthy battle with cancer. The Zoran Mijuci\u0107 Memorial Tournament, created in 2010, is named in his honour.\n\n\nHonours\nVojvodinaYugoslav First League: 1988\u201389\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nZoran Mijuci\u0107 \u2013 FIFA competition record (archived)"}}}}