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In which British city would you find Arthur's Seat?	Arthur's Seat (Edinburgh, Scotland): Top Tips Before You Go - TripAdvisor Neighbourhood Profile Southside & Holyrood Many of Edinburgh’s student hangouts gather around university buildings in Southside, the sort of neighbourhood that supports a long string of second-hand shops and eateries serving ethnic food for just a few pounds. In August the student population is replaced by vast numbers of boisterous visitors here for the Fringe, Edinburgh’s world-class comedy and arts festival which headquarters itself here. Flanking Southside are two great parks. The Meadows is a vast flat and sporty space where football, rugby, tennis, cricket, croquet, and golf often all take place side by side. Kids in its big playgrounds add to the joyful noise. Far bigger and much wilder, Holyrood Park extends to the east and provides a real hike up Arthur’s Seat, but the district is best known as the site of Scotland’s Parliament and its premier Royal Palace—and their steady stream of sightseers.	Edinburgh
The popular British pub name The Royal Oak is named after which King?	Walking Scotland - Arthur Seat, Edinburgh - short walk - Hillwalking - ScottishSport.co.uk Click for scalable map Introduction Arthur's Seat is one of the seven hills of Edinburgh and looming over the city which offer many different walks for everyone. Without question the best views are to the west over looking Edinburgh Castle, Old Town and the New Town. On a good day, the Ochil Hills beyond the Forth Road Bridge and the Firth of Forth can be clearly seen. Route The easiest and most direct route is to park at Dunsapie Loch and approach the summit from the east (map) along either of the two obvious paths starting at the car park. Arthur Seat & Salisbury Crags This is an easy stroll that takes only 15 minutes to reach the summit, but do not race off too quickly as you will no doubt have to stop to catch your breath. Alternatively you can park near the Palace of Holyrood and follow the footpath to near St. Anthony's Chapel (ruin) before heading up the well marked path to link with the paths coming from the east side of the hill (Dunsapie Loch). At this point several paths come together where a new path has been constructed. From there continue over the volcanic rock to the summit of Arthur's Seat. Other tops around Arthur's Seat include Whinny Hill, Crow Hill and Nether Hill, which provide alternative, quieter walking routes. View of the City of Edinburgh	i don't know
What is the oldest University in Britain?	What is the oldest university in Britain? \| Reference.com What is the oldest university in Britain? A: Quick Answer The University of Oxford is the oldest university in Britain. While there is no precise date for its founding, the university has existed in some form since 1096. Full Answer The University of Oxford grew out of a tradition of famous teachers travelling to the area to give lectures. Students would travel to Oxford to hear the lectures and meet with other students. The University received a boost in 1167 after King Henry II banned his subjects from studying overseas in France. All students were required to return home and many ended up in Oxford. The first Chancellor, Robert Grosseteste, was appointed in 1214.	Oxford
In which British city was Guy Fawkes born and Dick Turpin killed?	Which is the oldest university in England? View the step-by-step solution to: Which is the oldest university in England? This question was answered on Jun 07, 2016. View the Answer Which is the oldest university in England?.......... bridgidshem posted a question · Jun 07, 2016 at 6:56am Top Answer Here is the explanation for... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29974138) ]} roseoloo3 answered the question · Jun 07, 2016 at 6:59am Other Answers Let me explain the... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29974116) ]} exzelTutor answered the question · Jun 07, 2016 at 6:57am Claimed to be the oldest university in the English speaking world, there is no clear date... View the full answer correction please,.. Oxford Claimed to......... yegokemboi3020 Jun 07, 2016 at 7:00am {[ getNetScore(29974128) ]} yegokemboi3020 answered the question · Jun 07, 2016 at 6:58am The University of Oxford( Oxford University or simply Oxford) is the oldest university in England.... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29974480) ]} {[ getNetScore(29974601) ]} pratyush359 answered the question · Jun 07, 2016 at 7:48am Oxford university which is located at the Oxford area in England has no particular... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29992579) ]} The way to approach this... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29995096) ]} View Full Answer or ask a new question Related Questions What was the first civilization to have a written language? Recently Asked Questions Need a World History tutor? mathtutor1983 2 World History experts found online! Average reply time is less than an hour Get Homework Help Why Join Course Hero? Course Hero has all the homework and study help you need to succeed! We’ve got course-specific notes, study guides, and practice tests along with expert tutors and customizable flashcards—available anywhere, anytime. - - Study Documents Find the best study resources around, tagged to your specific courses. Share your own to gain free Course Hero access or to earn money with our Marketplace. - Question & Answers Get one-on-one homework help from our expert tutors—available online 24/7. Ask your own questions or browse existing Q&A threads. Satisfaction guaranteed! - Flashcards Browse existing sets or create your own using our digital flashcard system. A simple yet effective studying tool to help you earn the grade that you want!	i don't know
In which year was British Prime Minister Spencer Perceval assasinated?	The Assassination of the Prime Minister, Spencer Perceval \| The Public Domain Review ..or BROWSE BY TAG The Assassination of the Prime Minister, Spencer Perceval Only once has a British Prime Minister been assassinated. Two hundred years ago, on the 11th May 1812, John Bellingham shot dead the Rt. Hon. Spencer Perceval as he entered the House of Commons. David C. Hanrahan tells the story. Illustration of the shooting, artist unknown. (Source: Norris Museum) On Monday 11 May, 1812, an unremarkable, anonymous man, just over forty years of age, made his way to the Houses of Parliament. The man had become a frequent visitor there over the previous few weeks, sitting in the gallery of the House of Commons and carefully examining the various members of the government through his opera glasses. At 5.00 p.m. on this particular day he walked into the lobby that led to the House of Commons and sat near the fireplace. No-one could have known that he was carrying, concealed on his person, two loaded pistols. As it was a fine evening Mr. Spencer Perceval, the Tory First Lord of the Treasury, or Prime Minister, had decided to dispense with his carriage and walk from No. 10, Downing Street, to the Houses of Parliament. He arrived there around 5.15pm, entered the building and walked down the corridor towards the lobby entrance to the House of Commons. He handed his coat to the officer positioned outside the doors to the lobby. As Mr. Perceval entered the lobby a number of people were gathered around in conversation as was the usual practice. Most turned to look at him as he came through the doorway. No-one noticed as the quiet man stood up from beside the fire place, removing a pistol from his inner pocket as he did so. Neither did anyone notice as the man walked calmly towards the Prime Minister. When he was close enough, without saying a word, the man fired his pistol directly at Mr. Perceval’s chest. The Prime Minister staggered forward before falling to the ground, calling out as he did so words that witnesses later recalled in different ways as: “I am murdered!” or ‘Murder, Murder’ or ‘Oh God!’ or ‘Oh my God!’ Amid the confusion, a number of people raised Mr. Perceval from the ground and carried him into the nearby Speaker’s apartments. They placed him in a sitting position on a table, supporting him on either side. Most ominously, the Prime Minister had not uttered a single word since falling on the floor of the lobby, and the only noises to have emanated from him since had been a few pathetic sobs. After a short time Mr. Smith MP, on failing to find any perceptible sign of a pulse, announced his terrible conclusion to the group of stunned onlookers that the Prime Minister was dead. The Assassination of Spencer Perceval, illustration by Walter Stanley Paget (1861-1908) from Cassell's Illustrated History of England. Vol.5 (1909) Before long Mr. William Lynn, a surgeon situated at No. 15 Great George Street, arrived on the scene and confirmed that Mr. Smith was indeed correct. The surgeon noted the blood all over the deceased Prime Minister’s coat and white waistcoat. His examination of the body revealed a wound on the left side of the chest over the fourth rib. It was obvious that a rather large pistol ball had entered there. Mr. Lynn probed an instrument into the wound and found that it went downwards and inwards towards the heart. The wound was more than three inches deep. The Prime Minister, who was not yet fifty years of age, left behind a widow, Jane, and twelve children. In the shock of what had happened, the assassin was almost forgotten. The man had not attempted to escape as he might well have done amid the confusion. Instead, he had returned quietly to his seat beside the fireplace. The identity of the man was revealed as John Bellingham, not a violent radical but a businessman from Liverpool. The details of his story soon began to emerge. As a result of a dispute with some Russian Businessmen, Bellingham had been imprisoned in Russia in 1804 accused of owing a debt. He had been held in various prisons there for the next 5 years. Throughout all of this time he had pleaded with the British authorities for assistance in fighting his cause for justice. He believed that they had not given his case sufficient attention. Bellingham was finally released from gaol and returned to England in 1809 a very bitter man. He felt deep resentment against the British authorities and immediately set about seeking financial compensation from them for his suffering and loss of business. Once again, however, Bellingham felt that he was being ignored. He petitioned the Foreign Secretary, the Treasury, the Privy Council, the Prime Minister, even the Prince Regent, but all to no avail. No one was willing to hear his case for compensation. Finally, he came to the insane decision that the only way for him to get a hearing in court was to shoot the Prime Minister. Detail from a painting of The Prime Minister, Spencer Perceval, in the year of his death, 1812, by George Francis Joseph. (Source: National Portrait Gallery) On the Friday following the assassination of the Prime Minister, John Bellingham did indeed get his day in court, but only to answer a charge of murder. His trial took place in a packed court room at the Old Bailey, presided over by Sir James Mansfield, the Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas. The tall, thin Bellingham came before the court wearing dark nankeen trousers, a yellow waistcoat with black stripes and a brown greatcoat. The members of his defence team first attempted to get the trial postponed on the grounds that they had not been given sufficient time to prepare for the case. Mr. Peter Alley, Bellingham’s chief counsel, told the court that he had only been given the case the day before and that he had never even met Mr. Bellingham until that very day. He asserted that given adequate time, in particular to find medical experts and witnesses in Liverpool who knew Mr. Bellingham personally, he was confident he could prove his client to be insane. The Attorney General, Sir Vicary Gibbs, on behalf of the prosecution, argued vehemently against any such postponement. Ultimately Mr. Allen’s request was unsuccessful and the trial proceeded. The Attorney General set about dismantling the reason Bellingham had given as justification for his heinous act by arguing that the Government had been aware of what had happened to him in Russia, had examined his claims and had rejected them. He also rejected any notion that Bellingham was insane. He said that Bellingham had been well able to conduct his business and had been trusted by other to conduct theirs without any hint of insanity on his behalf. Titlepage from the pamphlet 'The Trial of John Bellingham for the Wilful murder of the Right Hon. Spencer Perceval, in the lobby of the House of Commons' (Source: National Library of Medicine) When his time came to speak, Bellingham continued to base his defence upon what had happened to him in Russia: his unjust arrest for a debt he did not owe and the failure of the British Government to assist at that time and since. Before outlining the details of his experience in Russia, he stated that he was pleased the judge had not accepted his counsel’s arguments alleging his insanity. He made it clear that although he believed what he had done to be necessary and justified, he bore Mr. Perceval or his family no personal malice: Gentlemen, as to the lamentable catastrophe for which I am now on my trial before this court, if I am the man that I am supposed to be, to go and deliberately shoot Mr. Perceval without malice, I should consider myself a monster, and not fit to live in this world or the next. The learned Attorney General has candidly stated to you, that till this fatal time of this catastrophe, which I heartily regret, no man more so, not even one of the family of Mr. Perceval, I had no personal or premeditated malice towards that gentleman; the unfortunate lot had fallen upon him as the leading member of that administration which had repeatedly refused me any reparation for the unparalleled injuries I had sustained in Russia for eight years with the cognizance and sanction of the minister of the country at the court of St. Petersburg. Bellingham was clear about where he felt the blame lay for Spencer Perceval’s death: A refusal of justice was the sole cause of this fatal catastrophe; his Majesty’s ministers have now to reflect upon their conduct for what has happened. . . . Mr. Perceval has unfortunately fallen the victim of my desperate resolution. No man, I am sure, laments the calamitous event more than I do. In the end, of course, his arguments for justification had no influence upon a judge and jury shocked by his horrific murder of the Prime Minister. The Lord Chief Justice even became openly emotional and began to cry at one point during his statement to the jury: Gentlemen of the jury, you are now to try an indictment which charges the prisoner at the bar with the wilful murder . . . of Mr. Spencer Perceval, . . . who was murdered with a pistol loaded with a bullet; . . . a man so dear, and so revered as that of Mr. Spencer Perceval, I find it difficult to suppress my feelings. He dismissed any idea that Bellingham might have been insane at the time of committing the crime: . . . there was no proof adduced to show that his understanding was so deranged, as not to enable him to know that murder was a crime. On the contrary, the testimony adduced in his defence, has most distinctly proved, from a description of his general demeanour, that he was in every respect a full and competent judge of all his actions. In such circumstances it is no surprise that John Bellingham was found guilty of Spencer Perceval’s murder by a jury that took only fourteen minutes to reach a verdict. On the following Monday he was executed and his body sent for dissection to St. Bartholomew’s hospital. He is remembered in history as the only assassin ever of a British Prime Minister. Following his execution John Bellingham's skull became the subject of research for phrenologists, representing the head of a destructive personality. Shown here is a comparison of Bellingham's skull with that of a 'Hindoo', from A System of Phrenology (1834) by George Combe	1812
What is the tallest and thickest type of grass?	Spencer Perceval \| History of government — No 10 guest historian series , Past prime ministers , Prime Ministers and No. 10 Spencer Perceval was born in Audley Square, London on 1 November 1762, the second son of the second marriage of the second Earl of Egmont (and so a man of comparatively slender means). He attended Harrow School and then Trinity College, Cambridge, where he associated with others who shared the Anglican evangelicalism which later marked him out among his political peers. Opposition to radicalism Perceval was called to the bar in 1786. By the early 1790s his success and publications opposing the French Revolution and radicalism led to his appointment as junior counsel for the prosecution of the political radicals Thomas Paine and John Horne Tooke, and then in 1796 as King’s Counsel and a bencher at Lincoln’s Inn. Perceval’s religious beliefs as an evangelical Anglican underpinned his interest in strict observance of Sunday as a day of devotion, explorations of the prospective date of Christ’s second coming, familial devotion (he married Jane Wilson in 1790, with whom he had twelve children), notable private philanthropy and support for the abolition of slavery. It also underpinned commitments to public order and stamping out ‘immorality’, and to the existing arrangements in church and state, both in support for a reformed Church of England and in opposition to and parliamentary reform. Making his mark In 1796 he was elected MP for Northampton, and in a notable speech defending the Government early in 1798, established himself as a contender for a place in William Pitt 's administration. In August he was appointed Solicitor to the Ordinance, and then in 1799 Solicitor-General to the Queen. From 1801 he served Prime Minister Henry Addington as Solicitor General and then Attorney General, and was then Pitt’s chief law officer in the Commons during a series of important political trials. For example, he prosecuted the revolutionary Colonel Edward Despard who was executed for high treason in 1803 after being accused of plotting both the seizure of the Tower of London and Bank of England and the assassination of George III. From lawyer to Prime Minister Having been a leader of the Pittite opposition to Grenville ’s ministry, a somewhat reluctant Perceval gave up his lucrative legal practice to take office as Chancellor of the Exchequer and leader of the Commons in the Duke of Portland ’s ministry in March 1807 (as well as effectually house-sitting in 10 Downing Street by the end of the year). He was thus one of several cabinet members well-placed to be considered to succeed Portland when a stroke ended his ministry in August 1809. On 30 September 1809 it was Perceval’s name that the Cabinet recommended to the King as Prime Minister, though he continued as unpaid Chancellor of the Exchequer after six other candidates declined the post; some other Pittites (including George Canning) were not prepared to serve under Perceval. The costs of war Perceval’s ministry had shaky origins, coinciding with the military disaster of the Walcheren expedition to the Netherlands, in which over 4,000 British soldiers died, mostly from disease. Perceval overcame this to gather support, crucially including that of the Prince of Wales, despite the limitations on his authority Perceval had imposed during the Regency of 1810-11. Perceval successfully underwrote the costs of the war against Napoleon through a reasonably prudent mix of economies and loans, and maintained his firm stance against and radical politics; religious nonconformists too came to fear an establishment backlash at his hands. Any lasting effect on British politics, however, was prevented by a combination of Perceval’s political conservatism, shaped by the revolutionary alarms of the 1790s, his lack of political ambition, and his unhappy distinction as the only British Prime Minister to be assassinated while in office. Assassination of Spencer Perceval He was shot dead through the heart in the parliamentary lobby on 11 May 1812 by the merchant John Bellingham, in protest at what Bellingham saw as the unjust refusal of the government to assist him when he was wrongly imprisoned in Russia, or subsequently to pay him any compensation. Bellingham was hanged for murder on 18 May; Perceval received the accolade of a monument in Westminster Abbey. Read the National Archive blog for some fascinating insights around the assassination of Spencer Perceval. Nickname	i don't know
In nature, what does a dendrologist study?	Dendrologist - definition of dendrologist by The Free Dictionary Dendrologist - definition of dendrologist by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/dendrologist Also found in: Encyclopedia , Wikipedia . Related to dendrologist: dendrological The botanical study of trees and other woody plants. den′dro·log′ic (-drə-lŏj′ĭk), den′dro·log′i·cal adj. den·drol′o·gist n. Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page: Trees References in periodicals archive ? A Africa B Asia C North America D South America QUESTION 12 - for 12 points: What does a dendrologist study? Kids page As regards biological experiences, architects must work with the biologist and the dendrologist and in cooperation with them, we can provide a rich experience of nature, where birds, plants and other organisms are flourishing together. Copyright © 2003-2017 Farlex, Inc Disclaimer All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.	Tree
What is the largest mammal in the world and can reach a length of 100 foot?	Home \| International Dendrology Society (IDS) Bean's Trees and Shrubs International Dendrology Society (IDS) IDS is an international society with members from all over the world and a programme of events, tours and study days. The International Dendrology Society (IDS) was formed in 1952 after Mr Robert and Mr Georges de Belder (Belgium) discussed the idea with three other eminent horticulturists, Dr & Mrs Gerd Krüssmann (Germany) and Mr Jacques Lombarts (Netherlands). The aims are to promote the study and enjoyment of trees and other woody plants, to bring together dendrologists from all round the world, and to protect and conserve rare and endangered plant species worldwide. This last aim is now even more relevant with increasing industrial development and threats to plant species. In 1994, the Society formed the Dendrology Charitable Company to take over its charitable work. Search Members login	i don't know
What is the only known substance that naturally exists on Earth in all three chemical states?	The Water Cycle : Feature Articles The Water Cycle By Steve Graham, Claire Parkinson, and Mous Chahine Design by Robert Simmon October 1, 2010 Viewed from space, one of the most striking features of our home planet is the water, in both liquid and frozen forms, that covers approximately 75% of the Earth’s surface. Geologic evidence suggests that large amounts of water have likely flowed on Earth for the past 3.8 billion years—most of its existence. Believed to have initially arrived on the surface through the emissions of ancient volcanoes, water is a vital substance that sets the Earth apart from the rest of the planets in our solar system. In particular, water appears to be a necessary ingredient for the development and nourishment of life. Earth is a water planet: three-quarters of the surface is covered by water, and water-rich clouds fill the sky. (NASA.) Water, Water, Everywhere Water is practically everywhere on Earth. Moreover, it is the only known substance that can naturally exist as a gas, a liquid, and solid within the relatively small range of air temperatures and pressures found at the Earth’s surface. Water is the only common substance that can exist naturally as a gas, liquid, or solid at the relatively small range of temperatures and pressures found on the Earth’s surface. Sometimes, all three states are even present in the same time and place, such as this wintertime eruption of a geyser in Yellowstone National Park. (Photograph ©2008 haglundc. ) In all, the Earth’s water content is about 1.39 billion cubic kilometers (331 million cubic miles), with the bulk of it, about 96.5%, being in the global oceans. As for the rest, approximately 1.7% is stored in the polar icecaps, glaciers, and permanent snow, and another 1.7% is stored in groundwater, lakes, rivers, streams, and soil. Only a thousandth of 1% of the water on Earth exists as water vapor in the atmosphere. Despite its small amount, this water vapor has a huge influence on the planet. Water vapor is a powerful greenhouse gas, and it is a major driver of the Earth’s weather and climate as it travels around the globe, transporting latent heat with it. Latent heat is heat obtained by water molecules as they transition from liquid or solid to vapor; the heat is released when the molecules condense from vapor back to liquid or solid form, creating cloud droplets and various forms of precipitation. Water vapor—and with it energy—is carried around the globe by weather systems. This satellite image shows the distribution of water vapor over Africa and the Atlantic Ocean. White areas have high concentrations of water vapor, while dark regions are relatively dry. The brightest white areas are towering thunderclouds. The image was acquired on the morning of September 2, 2010 by SEVIRI aboard METEOSAT-9. [Watch this animation (23 MB QuickTime) of similar data to see the movement of water vapor over time.] (Image ©2010 EUMETSAT. ) Estimate of Global Water Distribution Volume (1000 km3)	Water
What is the only animal to have four knees?	Properties of Water Infobox disclaimer and references Water ( H 2 O , HOH) is the most abundant molecule on Earth's surface, composing 70-75% of the Earth's surface as liquid and solid state in addition to being found in the atmosphere as a vapor. It is in dynamic equilibrium between the liquid and vapor states at standard temperature and pressure . At room temperature , it is a nearly colorless , tasteless , and an odorless liquid. Many substances dissolve in water and it is commonly referred to as the universal solvent ; because of this, water in nature and in use is rarely clean, and may have some properties different than those in the laboratory. However, there are many compounds that are essentially, if not completely, insoluble in water. Water is the only common, pure substance found naturally in all three states of matter ï¿½for other substances, see Chemical properties . Contents See the Category:Forms of water Water can take many forms. The solid state of water is commonly known as ice (while many other forms exist; see amorphous solid water ); the gaseous state is known as water vapor (or steam ), and the common liquid phase is generally taken as simply water. Above a certain critical temperature and pressure (647 K and 22.064 MPa ), water molecules assume a supercritical condition, in which liquid-like clusters float within a vapor-like phase. Heavy water is water in which the hydrogen atoms are replaced by its heavier isotope , deuterium . It is chemically almost identical to normal water. Heavy water is used in the nuclear industry to slow down neutrons . [ edit ] A common substance [ edit ] Water in the Universe Water has been found in interstellar clouds within our galaxy , the Milky Way . It is believed that water exists in abundance in other galaxies too, because its components, hydrogen and oxygen , are among the most abundant elements in the universe . Interstellar clouds eventually condense into solar nebulae and solar systems , such as ours. The initial water can then be found in comets , planets , dwarf planets , and their satellites . In our solar system, water, in ice form, has been found: on the planets Mercury , Mars , and Neptune , on the dwarf planet Pluto , on satellites of planets, such as Triton and Europa . The liquid form of water is only known to occur on Earth, though strong evidence suggests that it is present just under the surface of Saturn 's moon Enceladus . [ edit ] Water on Earth The water cycle (known scientifically as the hydrologic cycle) refers to the continuous exchange of water within the hydrosphere , between the atmosphere , soil water, surface water , groundwater , and plants . Earth's approximate water volume (the total water supply of the world) is 1,360,000,000 km3 (326,000,000 mi3). Of this volume: 1,320,000,000 km3 (316,900,000 mi3 or 97.2%) is in the oceans 25,000,000 km3 (6,000,000 mi3 or 1.8%) is in glaciers and icecaps 13,000,000 km3 (3,000,000 mi3 or 0.9%) is groundwater . 250,000 km3 (60,000 mi3 or 0.02%) is fresh water in lakes, inland seas, and rivers. 13,000 km3 (3,100 mi3 or 0.001%) is atmospheric water vapor at any given time. Liquid water is found in bodies of water, such as an ocean , sea , lake , river , stream , canal , or pond . The majority of water on Earth is sea water . Water is also present in the atmosphere in both liquid and vapor phases. It also exists as groundwater in aquifers . The boiling point of water is directly related to the barometric pressure at a particular point by the formulae: pressure (in. Hg) = 29.921* (1-6.87530.000001 altitude, ft)^5.2559 boiling point = 49.161 * ln(in. Hg) + 44.932 For example, on the top of Mt. Everest water boils at about 68 degrees Celsius, compared to 100 degrees at sea level . Conversely, water deep in the ocean near geothermal vents can reach temperatures of hundreds of degrees and remain liquid. [ edit ] Water in industry Water is also used in many industrial processes and machines, such as the steam turbine and heat exchanger , in addition to its use as a chemical solvent . Discharge of untreated water from industrial uses is pollution . Pollution includes discharged solutes ( chemical pollution ) and discharged coolant water (thermal pollution). Industry requires pure water for many applications and utilizes a variety of purification techniques both in water supply and discharge. [ edit ] Physics and chemistry of water [ edit ] Density of water and ice For most substances, the solid form of the substance is more dense than the liquid phase ; thus, a block of pure solid substance will sink in a tub of pure liquid substance. But, by contrast, a block of common ice will float in a tub of water because solid water is less dense than liquid water. This is an extremely important characteristic property of water. At room temperature , liquid water becomes denser with lowering temperature, just like other substances. But at 4 ï¿½C, just above freezing, water reaches its maximum density , and as water cools further toward its freezing point, the liquid water, under standard conditions, expands to become less dense. The physical reason for this is related to the crystal structure of ordinary ice , known as hexagonal ice Ih . Water, gallium , bismuth , acetic acid , antimony and silicon are some of the few materials which expand when they freeze; most other materials contract. It should be noted however, that not all forms of ice are less dense than liquid water. For example HDA and VHDA are both more dense than liquid phase pure water. Thus, the reason that the common form of ice is less dense than water is a bit non-intuitive, and relies heavily on the unusual properties inherent to the hydrogen bond . Generally, water expands when it freezes because of its molecular structure , in tandem with the unusual elasticity of the hydrogen bond and the particular lowest energy hexagonal crystal conformation that it adopts under standard conditions. That is, when water cools, it tries to stack in a crystalline lattice configuration that stretches the rotational and vibrational components of the bond, so that the effect is that each molecule of water is pushed further from each of its neighboring molecules. This effectively reduces the density ρ of water when ice is formed under standard conditions. The importance of this property cannot be overemphasized for its role on the ecosystem of Earth. For example, if water were more dense when frozen, lakes and oceans in a polar environment would eventually freeze solid (from top to bottom). This would happen because frozen ice would settle on the lake and riverbeds, and the necessary warming phenomenon (see below) could not occur in summer, as the warm surface layer would be less dense than the solid frozen layer below. It is a significant feature of nature that this does not occur naturally in the environment. Nevertheless, the unusual expansion of freezing water (in ordinary natural settings in relevant biological systems), due to the hydrogen bond , from 4 ï¿½C above freezing to the freezing point offers an important advantage for freshwater life in winter. Water chilled at the surface increases in density and sinks, forming convection currents that cool the whole water body, but when the temperature of the lake water reaches 4 ï¿½C, water on the surface decreases in density as it chills further and remains as a surface layer which eventually freezes and forms ice. Since downward convection of colder water is blocked by the density change, any large body of fresh water frozen in winter will have the coldest water near the surface, away from the riverbed or lakebed. This accounts for various little known phenomena of ice characteristics as they relate to ice in lakes and "ice falling out of lakes" as described by early 20th century scientist Horatio D. Craft. The following table gives the density of water in grams per cubic centimeter at various temperatures in degrees Celsius: Temp (ï¿½C) The values below 0 ï¿½C refer to supercooled water. [ edit ] Density of saltwater and ice The situation in salt water is somewhat different. Ice still floats to keep the oceans from freezing solid (see following paragraph). However, the salt content of oceans both lowers the colligative freezing point by about 2 ï¿½C and lowers the temperature of the density maximum of water to be about at the freezing point. Hence, in ocean water, because of the salt content, the downward convection of colder water is not blocked by an expansion of water as it becomes colder near the freezing point; thus the oceans' cold water near the freezing point continues to sink. For this reason, any creature attempting to survive at the bottom of such cold water as the Arctic Ocean generally lives in water that is 4 ï¿½C colder than the temperature at the bottom of frozen-over fresh water lakes and rivers in winter. As the surface of salt water begins to freeze (at −1.9 ï¿½C for normal salinity seawater, 3.5%) the ice that forms is essentially salt free with a density approximately that of freshwater ice. This ice floats on the surface and the salt that is "frozen out" adds to the salinity and density of the seawater just below it. This more dense saltwater sinks by convection and the replacing seawater is subject to the same process. This provides essentially freshwater ice at −1.9 ï¿½C on the surface. The increased density of the seawater beneath the forming ice sinks towards the bottom, thus the deep ocean waters should have a minimum temperature of −1.9 ï¿½C also. However the temperature of the deep oceans is about 4 ï¿½C. [ edit ] Compressibility The bulk modulus of water is 2.2ï¿½109 Pa . [2] . The stiffness of nongasses makes them incompressible, or of less compressibility; but as their elements are not near degeneracy pressure , they are not noncompressible. Even in the deep oceans at 4000 m depth where pressures are 4ï¿½107 Pa, there is only a 1.8% change in volume. [3] [ edit ] Triple point The temperature and pressure at which solid, liquid, and gaseous water coexist in equilibrium is called the triple point of water. This point is used to define the units of temperature (the kelvin and, indirectly, the degree Celsius and even the degree Fahrenheit ). The triple point is at a temperature of 273.16 K (0.01 ï¿½C) by convention, and at a pressure of 611.73 Pa . This pressure is quite low, about 1/166 of the normal sea level barometric pressure of 101,325 Pa. The atmospheric surface pressure on planet Mars is remarkably close to the triple point pressure, and the zero-elevation or "sea level" of Mars is defined by the height at which the atmospheric pressure corresponds to the triple point of water. [ edit ] Mpemba effect The Mpemba effect is the surprising phenomenon whereby hot water can, under certain conditions, freeze sooner than cold water, even though it must pass the lower temperature on the way to freezing. However, this can be explained with evaporation , convection , supercooling , and the insulating effect of frost . [ edit ] Hot ice Hot ice is the name given to another surprising phenomenon in which water at room temperature can be turned into ice that remains at room temperature by supplying an electric field on the order of 106 volts per meter. [4] The effect of such electric fields has been suggested as an explanation of cloud formation. The first time cloud ice forms around a clay particle, it requires a temperature of −10 ï¿½C, but subsequent freezing around the same clay particle requires a temperature of just −5 ï¿½C, suggesting some kind of "ice memory". [5] [ edit ] Surface tension Water drops are stable, due to the high surface tension of water. This can be seen when small quantities of water are put on a surface such as glass: the water stays together as drops. This property is important for life. For example, when water is carried through xylem up stems in plants the strong intermolecular attractions hold the water column together. Strong cohesive properties hold the water column together, and strong adhesive properties stick the water to the xylem, and prevent tension rupture caused by transpiration pull . Other liquids with lower surface tension would have a higher tendency to "rip", forming vacuum or air pockets and rendering the xylem water transport inoperative. [ edit ] Electrical properties Pure water (de-ionised) is an excellent insulator as it does not conduct electricity at all. But no water is pure due to autoionisation at any temperature above absolute zero . Because water is such a good solvent, however, it almost always has some solute dissolved in it, most frequently a salt . If water has even a tiny amount of such impurities, then it can conduct electricity, as impurities such as salt separate into free ions in aqueous solution by which an electric current can flow. Water can be split into its constituent elements, hydrogen and oxygen, by passing a current through it. This process is called electrolysis . Water molecules naturally dissociate into H+ and OH− ions, which are pulled toward the cathode and anode , respectively. At the cathode, two H+ ions pick up electrons and form H2 gas. At the anode, four OH− ions combine and release O2 gas, molecular water, and four electrons. The gases produced bubble to the surface, where they can be collected. It is known that the theoretical maximum electrical resistivity for water is approximately 182 kilohm -m2/m (or 18.2 MΩï¿½cm2/cm) at 25 ï¿½C. This figure agrees well with what is typically seen on reverse osmosis , ultrafiltered and deionized ultrapure water systems used for instance, in semiconductor manufacturing plants. A salt or acid contaminant level exceeding that of even 100 parts per trillion (ppt) in ultrapure water will begin to noticeably lower its resistivity level by up to several kilohm-square meters/meter (a change of several hundred nanosiemens per meter of conductance). [ edit ] Dipolar nature of water An important feature of water is its polar nature. The water molecule forms an angle, with hydrogen atoms at the tips and oxygen at the vertex. Since oxygen has a higher electronegativity than hydrogen, the side of the molecule with the oxygen atom has a partial negative charge. A molecule with such a charge difference is called a dipole . The charge differences cause water molecules to be attracted to each other (the relatively positive areas being attracted to the relatively negative areas) and to other polar molecules. This attraction is known as hydrogen bonding , and explains many of the properties of water. Certain molecules, such as carbon dioxide, also have a difference in electronegativity between the atoms but the difference is that the shape of carbon dioxide is symmetrically aligned which makes the different charges "take out one other". This phenomenon of water can be seen if you hold an electrical source near a thin stream of water falling vertically, causing the stream to bend towards the electrical source. Although hydrogen bonding is a relatively weak attraction compared to the covalent bonds within the water molecule itself, it is responsible for a number of water's physical properties. One such property is its relatively high melting and boiling point temperatures; more heat energy is required to break the hydrogen bonds between molecules. The similar compound hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which has much weaker hydrogen bonding, is a gas at room temperature even though it has twice the molecular mass of water. The extra bonding between water molecules also gives liquid water a large specific heat capacity . This high heat capacity makes water a good heat storage medium. Hydrogen bonding also gives water its unusual behavior when freezing. When cooled to near freezing point, the presence of hydrogen bonds means that the molecules, as they rearrange to minimize their energy, form the hexagonal crystal structure of ice that is actually of lower density: hence the solid form, ice, will float in water. In other words, water expands as it freezes, whereas almost all other materials shrink on solidification. An interesting consequence of the solid having a lower density than the liquid is that ice will melt if sufficient pressure is applied. With increasing pressure the melting point temperature drops and when the melting point temperature is lower than the ambient temperature the ice begins to melt. A significant increase of pressure is required to lower the melting point temperature by very muchï¿½the pressure exerted by an ice skater on the ice would only reduce the melting point by something like 0.09 ï¿½C. [ edit ] Water as a solvent Water is also a good solvent due to its polarity . When an ionic or polar compound enters water, it is surrounded by water molecules ( Hydration ). The relatively small size of water molecules typically allows many water molecules to surround one molecule of solute . The partially negative dipole ends of the water are attracted to positively charged components of the solute, and vice versa for the positive dipole ends. In general, ionic and polar substances such as acids , alcohols , and salts are relatively soluble in water, and nonpolar substances such as fats and oils are not. Nonpolar molecules stay together in water because it is energetically more favorable for the water molecules to hydrogen bond to each other than to engage in van der Waals interactions with nonpolar molecules. An example of an ionic solute is table salt ; the sodium chloride, NaCl, separates into Na+ cations and Cl- anions , each being surrounded by water molecules. The ions are then easily transported away from their crystalline lattice into solution. An example of a nonionic solute is table sugar . The water dipoles make hydrogen bonds with the polar regions of the sugar molecule (OH groups) and allow it to be carried away into solution. The solvent properties of water are vital in biology , because many biochemical reactions take place only within aqueous solutions (e.g., reactions in the cytoplasm and blood ). [ edit ] Amphoteric nature of water Chemically, water is amphoteric ï¿½ i.e., it is able to act as either an acid or a base . Occasionally the term hydroxic acid is used when water acts as an acid in a chemical reaction. At a pH of 7 (neutral), the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH−) is equal to that of the hydronium (H3O+) or hydrogen (H+) ions. If the equilibrium is disturbed, the solution becomes acidic (higher concentration of hydronium ions) or basic (higher concentration of hydroxide ions). Water can act as either an acid or a base in reactions. According to the Brï¿½nsted-Lowry system, an acid is defined as a species which donates a proton (an H+ ion) in a reaction, and a base as one which receives a proton. When reacting with a stronger acid, water acts as a base; when reacting with a stronger base, it acts as an acid. For instance, it receives an H+ ion from HCl in the equilibrium: HCl + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + Cl− Here water is acting as a base, by receiving an H+ ion. In the reaction with ammonia , NH3, water donates an H+ ion, and is thus acting as an acid: NH3 + H2O ⇌ NH4+ + OH− [ edit ] Acidity in nature In theory, pure water has a pH of 7 at 298 K. In practice, pure water is very difficult to produce. Water left exposed to air for any length of time will rapidly dissolve carbon dioxide , forming a dilute solution of carbonic acid , with a limiting pH of about 5.7. As cloud droplets form in the atmosphere and as raindrops fall through the air minor amounts of CO2 are absorbed and thus most rain is slightly acidic. If high amounts of nitrogen and sulfur oxides are present in the air, they too will dissolve into the cloud and rain drops producing more serious acid rain problems. [ edit ] Hydrogen bonding in water A water molecule can form a maximum of four hydrogen bonds because it can accept two and donate two hydrogens. Other molecules like hydrogen fluoride , ammonia , methanol form hydrogen bonds but they do not show anomalous behaviour of thermodynamic , kinetic or structural properties like those observed in water. The answer to the apparent difference between water and other hydrogen bonding liquids lies in the fact that apart from water none of the hydrogen bonding molecules can form four hydrogen bonds either due to an inability to donate/accept hydrogens or due to steric effects in bulky residues. In water local tetrahedral order due to the four hydrogen bonds gives rise to an open structure and a 3-dimensional bonding network, which exists in contrast to the closely packed structures of simple liquids . There is a great similarity between water and silica in their anomalous behaviour, even though one (water) is a liquid which has a hydrogen bonding network while the other (silica) has a covalent network with a very high melting point. One reason that water is well suited, and chosen, by life-forms, is that it exhibits its unique properties over a temperature regime that suits diverse biological processes , including hydration . It is believed that hydrogen bond in water is largely due to electrostatic forces and some amount of covalency. The partial covalent nature of hydrogen bond predicted by Linus Pauling in 1930s is yet be to proven unambiguously by experiments and theoretical calculations. [ edit ] Quantum properties of molecular water Although the molecular formula of water is generally considered to be a stable result in molecular thermodynamics, recent work, started in 1995 has shown that at certain scales, water may act more like H3/2O than H2O at the subatomic quantum level. [6] This result could have significant ramifications at the level of, for example, the hydrogen bond in biological , chemical and physical systems. The experiment shows that when neutrons and protons collide with water, they scatter in a way that indicates that they only are affected by a ratio of 1.5:1 of hydrogen to oxygen respectively. However, the time-scale of this response is only seen at the level of attoseconds (10-18 seconds), and so is only relevant in highly resolved kinetic and dynamical systems. [7] [8] [ edit ] History In 1724, Gabriel Fahrenheit initially defined a temperature scale in which 60 degrees was the boiling point of water. [1] In 1742, Anders Celsius defined the Celsius temperature scale with the freezing point of water at 100 degrees and the boiling point at standard atmospheric pressure at 0 degrees. The scale was reversed in 1744. The first scientific decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen, by electrolysis , was done in 1800 by William Nicholson , an English chemist. [ edit ] Systematic naming The accepted IUPAC name of water is simply "water", although there are two other systematic names which can be used to describe the molecule. The simplest and best systematic name of water is hydrogen oxide. This is analogous to related compounds such as hydrogen peroxide , hydrogen sulfide , and deuterium oxide (heavy water). Another systematic name, oxidane, is accepted by IUPAC as a parent name for the systematic naming of oxygen-based substituent groups , [9] although even these commonly have other recommended names. For example, the name hydroxyl is recommended over oxidanyl for the ï¿½OH group. The name oxane is explicitly mentioned by the IUPAC as being unsuitable for this purpose, since it is already the name of a cyclic ether also known as tetrahydropyran in the Hantzsch-Widman system ; similar compounds include dioxane and trioxane . [ edit ] Systematic nomenclature and humor Main article: dihydrogen monoxide hoax Chemists sometimes refer to water as dihydrogen monoxide or DHMO, an overly pedantic systematic covalent name of this molecule, especially in parodies of chemical research that call for this "lethal chemical" to be banned. In 2004, the town of Aliso Viejo, California nearly banned foam cups after learning that DHMO was used in their production. [10] In reality, a more realistic systematic name would be hydrogen oxide, since the "di-" and "mon-" prefixes are superfluous. Hydrogen sulfide , H2S, is never referred to as "dihydrogen monosulfide", and hydrogen peroxide , H2O2, is never called "dihydrogen dioxide". Some overzealous material safety data sheets for water list the following: Caution: May cause drowning! The systematic acid name of water is hydroxic acid or hydroxilic acid. Likewise, the systematic alkali name of water is hydrogen hydroxideï¿½both acid and alkali names exist for water because it is able to react both as an acid or an alkali, depending on the strength of the acid or alkali it is reacted with ( amphoteric ). None of these names are used widely outside of DHMO sites.	i don't know
In what year did Sir Frederick Banting and J. J. R. MacLeod discover insulin?	Frederick G. Banting - Biographical Frederick G. Banting The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1923 Frederick G. Banting, John Macleod Share this: Frederick G. Banting - Biographical Frederick Grant Banting was born on November 14, 1891, at Alliston, Ont., Canada. He was the youngest of five children of William Thompson Banting and Margaret Grant. Educated at the Public and High Schools at Alliston, he later went to the University of Toronto to study divinity, but soon transferred to the study of medicine. In 1916 he took his M.B. degree and at once joined the Canadian Army Medical Corps, and served, during the First World War, in France. In 1918 he was wounded at the battle of Cambrai and in 1919 he was awarded the Military Cross for heroism under fire. When the war ended in 1919, Banting returned to Canada and was for a short time a medical practitioner at London, Ontario. He studied orthopaedic medicine and was, during the year 1919-1920, Resident Surgeon at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto. From 1920 until 1921 he did part-time teaching in orthopaedics at the University of Western Ontario at London, Canada, besides his general practice, and from 1921 until 1922 he was Lecturer in Pharmacology at the University of Toronto. In 1922 he was awarded his M.D. degree, together with a gold medal. Earlier, however, Banting had become deeply interested in diabetes. The work of Naunyn, Minkowski, Opie, Schafer, and others had indicated that diabetes was caused by lack of a protein hormone secreted by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. To this hormone Schafer had given the name insulin, and it was supposed that insulin controls the metabolism of sugar, so that lack of it results in the accumulation of sugar in the blood and the excretion of the excess of sugar in the urine. Attempts to supply the missing insulin by feeding patients with fresh pancreas, or extracts of it, had failed, presumably because the protein insulin in these had been destroyed by the proteolytic enzyme of the pancreas. The problem, therefore, was how to extract insulin from the pancreas before it had been thus destroyed. While he was considering this problem, Banting read in a medical journal an article by Moses Baron, which pointed out that, when the pancreatic duct was experimentally closed by ligatures, the cells of the pancreas which secrete trypsin degenerate, but that the islets of Langerhans remain intact. This suggested to Banting the idea that ligation of the pancreatic duct would, by destroying the cells which secrete trypsin, avoid the destruction of the insulin, so that, after sufficient time had been allowed for the degeneration of the trypsin-secreting cells, insulin might be extracted from the intact islets of Langerhans. Determined to investigate this possibility, Banting discussed it with various people, among whom was J.J.R. Macleod , Professor of Physiology at the University of Toronto, and Macleod gave him facilities for experimental work upon it. Dr. Charles Best, then a medical student, was appointed as Banting's assistant, and together, Banting and Best started the work which was to lead to the discovery of insulin. In 1922 Banting had been appointed Senior Demonstrator in Medicine at the University of Toronto, and in 1923 he was elected to the Banting and Best Chair of Medical Research, which had been endowed by the Legislature of the Province of Ontario. He was also appointed Honorary Consulting Physician to the Toronto General Hospital, the Hospital for Sick Children, and the Toronto Western Hospital. In the Banting and Best Institute, Banting dealt with the problems of silicosis, cancer, the mechanism of drowning and how to counteract it. During the Second World War he became greatly interested in problems connected with flying (such as blackout). In addition to his medical degree, Banting also obtained, in 1923, the LL.D. degree (Queens) and the D.Sc. degree (Toronto). Prior to the award of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 1923, which he shared with Macleod, he received the Reeve Prize of the University of Toronto (1922). In 1923, the Canadian Parliament granted him a Life Annuity of $7,500. In 1928 Banting gave the Cameron Lecture in Edinburgh. He was appointed member of numerous medical academies and societies in his country and abroad, including the British and American Physiological Societies, and the American Pharmacological Society. He was knighted in 1934. As a keen painter, Banting once took part of a painting expedition above the Arctic Circle, sponsored by the Government. Banting married Marion Robertson in 1924; they had one child, William (b. 1928). This marriage ended in a divorce in 1932, and in 1937 Banting married Henrietta Ball. When the Second World War broke out, he served as a liaison officer between the British and North American medical services and, while thus engaged, he was, in February 1941, killed in an air disaster in Newfoundland. From Nobel Lectures , Physiology or Medicine 1922-1941, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1965 This autobiography/biography was written at the time of the award and first published in the book series Les Prix Nobel . It was later edited and republished in Nobel Lectures . To cite this document, always state the source as shown above. Frederick G. Banting died on February 21, 1941.	1922
What is the hottest, driest, and lowest place in North America called?	Frederick Banting, Charles Best, James Collip, and John Macleod \| Chemical Heritage Foundation Frederick Banting, Charles Best, James Collip, and John Macleod These four Toronto researchers discovered and purified insulin, creating a new and effective treatment for diabetes. Home / Learn / Historical Biographies In the early 1920s Frederick Banting and Charles Best discovered insulin under the directorship of John Macleod at the University of Toronto. With the help of James Collip insulin was purified, making it available for the successful treatment of diabetes. Banting and Macleod earned a Nobel Prize for their work in 1923. At the turn of the 20th century a strict low-calorie, no-carbohydrate diet was the only effective treatment for diabetes. But this method, with food intake sometimes as low as 500 calories per day, had its consequences, as slow starvation, like diabetes, drained patients of their strength and energy, leaving them semi-invalids. The diet treatment also required an inordinate amount of willpower on the part of the patient, very few of whom were able to maintain low-calorie diets over the long term. In 1921 researchers at the University of Toronto began a series of experiments that would ultimately lead to the isolation and commercial production of insulin—a pancreatic hormone essential for metabolizing carbohydrates—and the successful treatment of diabetes. Setting the Stage for the Discovery of Insulin The connection between pancreatic secretions and diabetes was first shown in 1889 by two German physiologists at the University of Strasbourg, Oskar Minkowski and Joseph von Mering. While investigating the effect of pancreatic secretions on the metabolism of fat, they performed a complete pancreatectomy on a laboratory dog, only to discover that the animal developed a disease indistinguishable from diabetes. Twenty years earlier a German medical student, Paul Langerhans, had discovered two systems of cells in the pancreas: the acini, which he knew produced the pancreatic digestive secretions, and another system whose function was unknown to him. These cells looked to Langerhans like tiny clusters of cells, or islands, floating among the acini. In 1901 Eugene Opie, an American pathologist at Johns Hopkins University, made the association between the degeneration of these cells, which had been named the “islets of Langerhans,” and the onset of diabetes. Through the experimental efforts of these and many other researchers, the stage was set for the discovery of insulin—the hormonal antidiabetic secretion of the islets of Langerhans—in the first decades of the 20th century. Frederick Banting In 1920 Frederick Grant Banting (1891–1941) was a surgeon in a floundering practice in London, Ontario, Canada. The youngest son of Methodist farmers from Alliston, Ontario, Banting almost entered the Methodist ministry but decided at the last moment that his calling lay in medicine. World War I shortened his five-year medical course at the University of Toronto: his class did its entire fifth year during the summer of 1916 and, upon receiving their hasty degrees, went off to war. Banting served as a battalion medical officer in the Canadian Army Medical Corps; he returned to Toronto in 1919 after having been wounded in the arm by shrapnel. He trained as a surgeon at the Hospital of Sick Children in Toronto, then decided to open a small practice as a surgeon in London, Ontario. Unfortunately, his earnings from his practice were meager, forcing him to take a position as a demonstrator in the local medical school. It was in this capacity that Banting was preparing a lecture about the function of the pancreas on October 30, 1920. He stopped at the medical school library, where he picked up the latest issue of Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics, and read an article titled “The Relation of the Islets of Langerhans to Diabetes, with Special Reference to Cases of Pancreatic Lithiasis.” Banting Approaches John Macleod While thinking about pancreatic secretions after reading the article, Banting jotted down an idea for a preliminary experiment to further investigate the relationship between pancreatic secretions and diabetes. On November 7, following the advice of a colleague, Banting brought his idea to the attention of John James Rickard Macleod (1876–1935), a Scottish physiologist and expert in carbohydrate metabolism at his alma mater, the University of Toronto. John Macleod in 1923. Courtesy the C. H. Best Papers, Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, University of Toronto. Macleod, the son of a minister, received his medical training at the University of Aberdeen and his biochemical training at the University of Leipzig. In 1903 Macleod emigrated to the United States to take a position as professor of physiology at Western Reserve University (now Case Western Reserve University) in Cleveland, Ohio. After 15 years at Western, Macleod accepted a professorship at the University of Toronto, where he conducted research on respiration. Earlier in his career Macleod had published a series of papers on glycosuria, or the presence of sugar in the urine (a common indication of diabetes). As a scientist familiar with the literature on the subject, he was unimpressed with Banting’s range of knowledge about diabetes and the pancreas and skeptical about the soundness of Banting’s idea. However, Macleod decided to give him lab space, an assistant, and some laboratory dogs for two months at the end of the academic year. Experiments Commence Banting and his assistant, Charles Herbert Best (1899–1978), began their experiments in May 1921. Best, the American son of Canadian parents, had just finished his bachelor’s degree in physiology and biochemistry at the University of Toronto and had been hired as a research assistant to Macleod, his former teacher. Macleod assigned him to Banting, and the 29-year-old surgeon and the 22-year-old assistant began their work together. Frederick Banting and Charles Best on the roof of the University of Toronto’s Medical Building in 1922. Dogs were used as experimental subjects in the insulin tests. Courtesy the F. G. Banting Papers, Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, University of Toronto. A combination of timing and good luck enabled the Toronto researchers to be the first to announce the discovery of insulin. Scientists in Germany and Hungary had come very close to finding pure insulin, but lack of funding and the devastation of World War I halted their progress. Following in the footsteps of earlier researchers, Banting and Best began to study diabetes through an experimental combination of duct ligation, which involved tying off the pancreatic duct to the small intestine, and pancreatectomies, or the complete surgical removal of the pancreas. Duct ligation served to atrophy the acini cells that produced the digestive secretions, leaving behind only the cells of the islets of Langerhans. Duct-ligated dogs, it was discovered, did not develop diabetes. Pancreatectomy was the method of inducing diabetes: when all pancreatic tissue was removed, the experimental dogs immediately showed signs of glycosuria. Banting’s idea of October 30 involved ligation of the pancreatic ducts of a dog and the extraction and isolation of whatever secretions were produced after the atrophy of the acini cells. He and Best began this experiment, only to find that it was difficult to keep duct-ligated, depancreatized dogs alive long enough to carry out any tests. After a summer of many setbacks and failures, however, the team reported in the fall that they were keeping a severely diabetic dog alive with injections of an extract made from duct-ligated pancreas and prepared, following Macleod’s instructions, in saline. Amazingly, this extract dramatically lowered the blood sugar levels of diabetic experimental dogs. Findings Are Presented and Tensions Begin On December 30, 1921, Macleod, Banting, and Best presented their findings at the conference of the American Physiological Society, at Yale University. Banting, out of nervousness and inexperience, did a poor job delivering the paper, and the audience was highly critical of the findings presented. Macleod, as the chair of the session, joined the discussion in an attempt to rescue Banting from the scathing commentary. After this fiasco Banting became convinced that Macleod had stepped in to steal the credit from him and Best, and relations between the two began to deteriorate. Purifying Insulin and the First Human Tests At the end of 1921 Macleod invited James Bertram Collip (1892–1965), a biochemist in the department of physiology at the University of Toronto, to help Banting and Best with purifying their extract. Collip, another University of Toronto graduate, was on sabbatical from the University of Alberta and, supported by a fellowship, had returned to his alma mater. As the experimental pace quickened, Banting and Best needed large amounts of their extract, and Collip set to work purifying the extract for clinical testing in humans. James Collip as a graduate student, ca. 1914. Courtesy the J. B. Collip Papers, Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, University of Toronto. The first clinical tests on a human patient were conducted on a severely diabetic 14-year-old boy. Although the injections of the extract failed to have resoundingly beneficial effects, the Toronto team continued to experiment. A short while later Collip made a breakthrough in purifying the extract, using alcohol in slightly over 90 percent concentration to precipitate out the active ingredient (insulin). At the same time, though, personal tension was mounting among the four scientists, as Banting became increasingly bitter toward Macleod and pitted himself and Best against Collip in the race to purify the extract. At the end of January, Collip came to Banting and Best’s lab and informed the two that although he had discovered a method to produce pure extract, he would share it only with Macleod. It was only Best’s quick restraint that stopped Banting from attacking Collip. Fortunately for the future of insulin an uneasy agreement made a few days later allowed them to continue to work together. On May 3, 1922, Macleod, representing the group, announced to the international medical community at a meeting of the Association of American Physicians that they had discovered “insulin”—the antidiabetic agent. Nobel Prize Banting and Macleod received the 1923 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of insulin. That the Nobel committee chose only Banting and Macleod for the award caused more animosity. Banting, outraged that Macleod was chosen to share the prize with him, immediately announced that he would split his winnings with Best. Macleod, perhaps in reaction to Banting’s gesture, announced that he, too, would be splitting his award, with Collip. By the end of 1923 insulin had been in commercial production for a year at the Eli Lilly and Company laboratories in Indianapolis. Diabetic patients who received insulin shots recovered from comas, resumed eating carbohydrates (in moderation), and realized they had been given a new lease on life. The information contained in this biography was last updated on August 3, 2015. SaveSave Taking Control Distillations Magazine Insulin was first used to treat diabetes in the 1920s. Since then doctors have used a multitude of tests to screen for the disease. Additional Resources	i don't know
What is the second most common letter used in the English language?	Which letters in the alphabet are use... \| Oxford Dictionaries Which of the following is a type of horse? Shire horse Which of the following is a type of horse? Haflinger Which of the following is a type of horse? Cayuse Which of the following is a type of horse? Fallabella Which of the following is a type of horse? Lhasa apso Which of the following is a type of horse? Criollo Which of the following is a type of horse? Fell pony Which of the following is a type of horse? Sorrel Which of the following is a type of horse? Tarpan You scored /10 practise again? Retry	T
In which hand does the Statue Of Liberty hold a torch? Left or Right?	How many words are there in the Engli... \| Oxford Dictionaries Home Explore Language questions The English language How many words are there in the English language? How many words are there in the English language? There is no single sensible answer to this question. It's impossible to count the number of words in a language, because it's so hard to decide what actually counts as a word. Is dog one word, or two (a noun meaning 'a kind of animal', and a verb meaning 'to follow persistently')? If we count it as two, then do we count inflections separately too (e.g. dogs = plural noun, dogs = present tense of the verb). Is dog-tired a word, or just two other words joined together? Is hot dog really two words, since it might also be written as hot-dog or even hotdog? It's also difficult to decide what counts as 'English'. What about medical and scientific terms? Latin words used in law, French words used in cooking, German words used in academic writing, Japanese words used in martial arts? Do you count Scots dialect? Teenage slang? Abbreviations? The Second Edition of the 20-volume Oxford English Dictionary contains full entries for 171,476 words in current use, and 47,156 obsolete words. To this may be added around 9,500 derivative words included as subentries. Over half of these words are nouns, about a quarter adjectives, and about a seventh verbs; the rest is made up of exclamations, conjunctions, prepositions, suffixes, etc. And these figures don't take account of entries with senses for different word classes (such as noun and adjective). This suggests that there are, at the very least, a quarter of a million distinct English words, excluding inflections, and words from technical and regional vocabulary not covered by the OED, or words not yet added to the published dictionary, of which perhaps 20 per cent are no longer in current use. If distinct senses were counted, the total would probably approach three quarters of a million. Which of the following is correct? Off-peak there are less accidents Off-peak there are fewer accidents Which of the following is correct? Less cars are on the road Fewer cars are on the road Which of the following is correct? I had less friends than you I had fewer friends than you Which of the following is correct? Adults are reading fewer books Adults are reading less books Which of the following is correct? It weighs fewer than 6 pounds It weighs less than 6 pounds Which of the following is correct? Students could face less exams Students could face fewer exams Which of the following is correct? Less trade means less jobs Less trade means fewer jobs Which of the following is correct? Far less women play the game Far fewer women play the game Which of the following is correct? The street now has fewer trees The street now has less trees Which of the following is correct? The outer islands get fewer rain The outer islands get less rain You scored /10 practise again? Retry Most popular in the world Australia	i don't know
How many yards are in a furlong?	Furlong to Yard Conversion (furlong to yd) Furlong to Yard Conversion (furlong to yd) Please enter furlong (furlong) value of length unit to convert furlong to yard. Furlong (furlong) How Many Yard in a Furlong? There are 220 yard in a furlong. 1 Furlong is equal to 220 Yard. 1 furlong = 220 yd Furlong Definition A furlong is a unit of length or distance, commonly used in the US, the UK, Australia, and some other countries of the world. The origin of this unit name goes back in time to the epochs of Alngo-Saxon farming communities. A furlong is equal to 1/8th of a mile, as well as 220 yards or 660 feet. Convert Furlong Yard Definition The Imperial system recognizes a yard as a linear measurement unit for measuring length or distance. Yard is commonly used in modern US system of measurement. A yard is equal to 36 inches or 3 feet. Both units of yard and inch have been used since the 13th century. About furlong to yd Converter This is a very easy to use furlong to yard converter . First of all just type the furlong (furlong) value in the text field of the conversion form to start converting furlong to yd, then select the decimals value and finally hit convert button if auto calculation didn't work. Yard value will be converted automatically as you type. The decimals value is the number of digits to be calculated or rounded of the result of furlong to yard conversion.	220
What is the only gemstone to be composed of one single element?	Yards to Furlongs Conversion - yd to fur Home » Units Converter » Yards to Furlongs Conversion - yd to fur Yards to Furlongs Conversion - yd to fur How Many Yards in a Furlong? 1 Yard equals = 0.00454546 Furlong 1 Furlong equals = 220 Yard Yard Definition The Imperial system recognizes a yard as a linear measurement unit for measuring length or distance. Yard is commonly used in modern US system of measurement. A yard is equal to 36 inches or 3 feet. A unit of length equal to 3 feet; defined as 91.44 centimeters; originally taken to be the average length of a stride. The abbreviation is "yd". Yard to Furlong Conversion Chart Yard	i don't know
How many stars appear on the flag of New Zealand?	New Zealand Flag, Flags of New Zealand Home » New Zealand Travel » Key Facts » New Zealand Flag The New Zealand Flag The official New Zealand flag was first used in 1869. It is based on the British blue ensign with the Union Flag (also known as the Union Jack) in the upper left corner, and four red stars with white borders to the right. These stars represent the constellation of Crux, the Southern Cross, as it seen from New Zealand. Initially used only on government ships, it wasn't until 1902 that it was made the official flag of New Zealand. The need for an official New Zealand flag was first recognised when a New Zealand trading vessel was seized by customs officials in Sydney harbour. The ship had been sailing without a flag, which was a violation of British navigation laws. However New Zealand-built ships could not fly under a British flag as New Zealand was not yet a British colony. This incensed Maori, as two important chiefs were on the ship that was seized, and the call for an official New Zealand flag gained impetus. Flag of the United Tribes of New Zealand The first New Zealand flag was adopted on 9 March 1834 after a vote made by the United Tribes of New Zealand. One of three flags that were initially proposed, this flag became known as the Flag of the United Tribes of New Zealand. To Maori, the United Tribes flag signified that Britain had recognised New Zealand as an independent nation with its own flag, and had acknowledged the mana of the Maori chief. The flag is still flown at Waitangi, site of the signing of New Zealand's founding document, The Treaty of Waitangi. The Union Jack Following the signing of the Treaty on 6 February 1840, which effectively made New Zealand a British colony, the Union Jack replaced the Flag of the United Tribes of New Zealand as the official flag. However some Maori believed that they should have the right to fly the United Tribes flag alongside the Union Jack, and viewed the Union Jack as a symbol of British power over Maori. The Union Jack remained New Zealand's flag until the passing of the New Zealand Ensign Act instituted the current flag in 1902, yet was still used regularly in New Zealand well into the 1950s. Other New Zealand Flags The Silver Fern The silver fern flag is often seen at sporting fixtures involving New Zealand teams or individuals. There are many variations, but it is typically the image of a silver fern on a black background. Although it has no formal recognition, many regard it as the unofficial flag of New Zealand. A symbol of national pride, the silver fern emblem is also incorporated into the logos of many New Zealand sporting teams, including the All Blacks rugby team. For several years, some people in New Zealand have been calling for a change to the official New Zealand flag that signifies New Zealand's independence from Britain. Several variations of the silver fern flag have appeared in support of this call for a new national flag. Tino Rangatiratanga Since 1990, the Tino rangatiratanga flag has been used by some Maori as an alternative to the official New Zealand flag, and a symbol of Maori independence. Tino rangatiratanga's closest English translation is self-determination, although some refer to it as "absolute sovereignty" or "Maori independence". Chosen through a competition, this New Zealand flag uses black to represent potentiality, white to represent the physical world of light and understanding, red to represent open daylight (representing the achievement of full potential and understanding), and the Koru, a spiral-like shape representing the unfolding of new life. Featured	four
Which popular sport features in the NATO phonetic alphabet?	New Zealand Flag, Flag of New Zealand Quiz on national flags New Zealand Flag The New Zealand flag, adopted on March 24, 1902, features the Union Jack of Great Britain and the Southern Cross. Flag of New Zealand Disclaimer Close Disclaimer : All efforts have been made to make this image accurate. However Compare Infobase Limited, its directors and employees do not own any responsibility for the correctness or authenticity of the same. Copyright Notice New Zealand Flag Description The flag of New Zealand is blue with the British Union Jack in the upper left corner (the canton), and four red stars making up the Southern Cross. The Union Jack, which is the flag of Great Britain, reflects New Zealand's history as a British colony. The stars on New Zealand's flag represent the Southern Cross, a constellation of stars, forming the ends of a cross, that shine brightly in the skies of the Southern Hemisphere. The flag of New Zealand has a 1:2 ratio. Resemblance The flag of New Zealand is very similar to the flag of Australia. The difference between the Australian flag and the flag of New Zealand is that Australia's flag features six stars that are white rather than four stars that are red. Five of the stars on Australia's flag are seven-pointed, and the sixth is a five-pointed star. The stars on New Zealand's flag are all five-pointed stars. ACOD~20120821 Silver Fern (Red, White and Blue) Kyle Lockwood 49.42% The verdict is out and Kyle Lockwood's Silver Fern (black, white and blue) has emerged as the popular choice of New Zealanders in the final results of the flag referendum declared on Tuesday. People in huge numbers turned out to vote in the hope of seeing their favorite design emerge as the winner. Prime Minister’s John Key’s spokesperson said that 1.5 million people (48.78) had turned up at the first referendum to choose a flag of their choice. The Silver Fern (black, white, and blue) trounced the four other contenders – the Silver Fern (Red, White and Blue), which came second was followed by Red Peak, Silver Fern (Black and White) and Koru. However, it was not an easy victory. The winner faced severe competition from the Red, White, and Blue design and pipped its competitor by a narrow margin of 1.16 per cent. The Silver Fern, which has crossed the first hurdle, will now be pitted against the current flag of New Zealand in a national vote to be held in March 2016. The Silver fern needs enough votes to oust the current flag and emerge as the new flag of the country. Winner Flag Current New Zealand Flag Note: Voting in March 2016 to take between the above 2 flags. The new design, approved by the people, is very similar to the current flag but has done away with the British Union Jack in place of the Fern, a national symbol and is worn by the country’s popular Rugby team – All Blacks. Fact about New Zealand flag Country	i don't know
Who first argued that the world was not flat?	The Flat Earth Theory The Flat Earth Theory http://skeptoid.com/audio/skeptoid-4338.mp3 Today we're going to point the skeptical eye at a series of beliefs that are said to be about the shape of the Earth. The Flat Earth Society is well known, and widely assumed to be a group of people who lobby the idea that the Earth is not actually a globe. While this is described as an ancient, pre-scientific belief, it's increasingly common today to point out that very few ancient societies who had any meaningful science actually believed the Earth was flat. We're going to try and sort all this out, to see who actually believes what today, and who actually believed what going back through history. Perhaps of the greatest interest is the question of why certain beliefs were adopted in cases where the observations conflicted with the dogma. The Flat Earth Society does indeed exist, but its current incarnation is quite a bit different today than what was originally founded. It's had a spotty history, having never really been much more than a newsletter mailing list, and it's only been around since 1956. While that seems quite recent compared to how long the flat Earth theory must have been around, it's actually a large chunk of it. For it wasn't until the mid-1800s that any sort of an organized flat Earth lobby existed; in fact even the very idea that people ever thought the Earth was flat is only a few years older than that. An entire mythology has arisen claiming that authorities used to believe the Earth was flat. It's not clear how or exactly when this myth was born, but examples are easy to find. A case in point was the 1919 Boys' and Girls' Reader, in which the very first sentence of the very first chapter on history was: When Columbus lived, people thought the Earth was flat. This author may have been inspired by Washington Irving, the author of such tales as The Legend of Sleepy Hollow and Rip van Winkle, who also wrote a book called The Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus in 1828. Irving's narrative included a scene where Columbus had to pitch a royal commission on his voyage; an event which Irving had to entirely invent, as the actual minutes of any such meeting were never recorded. Irving wrote: To his simplest proposition, the spherical form of the earth, were opposed figurative texts of scripture. They observed, that in the Psalms, the heavens are said to be extended like a hide ... extended over the earth, which they thence inferred must be flat. However, Irving knew that this did not, in fact, represent the state of knowledge in the day. For a few lines later, in the very same paragraph (which is never cited by promoters of the claim), Irving also spoke of the more learned members of the commission: Others, more versed in science, admitted the globular form of the earth, [but] ... they observed, that the circumference of the earth must be so great as to require at least three years to the voyage... Older examples exist as well. Even Thomas Jefferson was fooled by the myth, wrongly writing in 1784 that: Galileo was sent to the inquisition for affirming that the earth was a sphere: the government had declared it to be as flat as a trencher. Even the popular meme of "Turtles all the way down", in supposed reference to an ancient belief that the Earth was flat and resting on the back of a giant elephant, which stood on the back of the World Turtle, is not a literal claim. It's from an old joke, repeated over and over again in books since at least the 1800s. The old illustrations we see of turtles bearing the flat Earth are not from ancient cultures, but from Western misinterpretations of allegorical Eastern beliefs, which were then parodied into straw man arguments depicting ancient science as ridiculous. The ancient Greeks had no doubts that the Earth was a globe, as virtually any observation or measurement you can make indicates this. Pythagoras noted this as early as the 6th century BCE, followed by Aristotle, Euclid, and others. Building upon this foundation of knowledge, Eratosthenes, a geographer and mathematician, measured the difference in the angle at which the sun shone down two different wells about 925 km apart, the locations of which were thoroughly established by multiple surveys. Through a simple geometric computation, he determined the circumference of the Earth to within 2% of its exact measurement known today. This was in about 240 BCE, and the experiment was repeated and confirmed by any number of other Greek scientists. And such has been the state of our knowledge ever since, as accepted by virtually all educated people, even throughout the Middle Ages. And so it remained until the 1800s, when a small but vocal group of Biblical literalists began interpreting Bible passages as meaning that the Earth was literally flat. None of these was more influential than Samuel Rowbotham, who exclusively used the pseudonym Parallax. Parallax had made many personal observations at a six-mile stretch of the Old Bedford River in Norfolk, England, an absolutely straight and calm canal. For whatever reason, Parallax believed he was able to see straight along the surface of the water for the full six miles. He wrote, lectured, and debated tirelessly. In 1864, he published the book Zetetic Astronomy: The Earth not a Globe, which became the Magnum Opus of the flat Earth movement. According to his science, which he called Zetetic Astronomy, the Earth was a flat disc with the North Pole at its center and the vast ice walls of Antarctica rimming its outer edge, and hell lay beyond the ice. He drew the word zetetic from the Greek for inquiry, which in Parallax's mind meant a continuous questioning of all established science. Parallax made himself quite the media personality, and established the Universal Zetetic Society. Among its members was John Hampden, who made a much-publicized £500 bet that he could prove the Bedford canal was level and had no curvature. It was accepted by a surveyor, Alfred Wallace, who was unaware of Hampden and Parallax's previous experience at the canal, and also unaware that one of the referees chosen to judge the results was another Parallax follower. A wonderfully detailed account of the Bedford Level Experiment is given in Christine Garwood's excellent book Flat Earth: The History of an Infamous Idea. It took several attempts before equipment could be sorted and boats and crowds could be managed, but eventually the contenders established a sight line thirteen feet above water level from their position to a bridge six miles away. A pole on the shore at the halfway point was marked at the thirteen foot level, and when studied through a surveyor's theodolite, the mark on the pole was about five feet above the line of sight — just as the curvature of the Earth would predict. Wallace believed he'd won the bet, but Hampden bizarrely asserted that the five feet was accounted for by the height of the crosshairs in the eyepiece — a claim so outlandishly wrong that neither Wallace nor the reporters on hand could form a cogent argument to dispute it. Thus it was reported that Hampden won the bet and the Earth was flat; until a replacement referee, the editor of a hunting magazine, finally judged in favor of Wallace, and awarded him the £500 that Hampden had put on account. Hampden sued Wallace, Wallace sued Hampden, and it was a terrible mess until Hampden was at last jailed for making vicious public death threats against Wallace. So all of this brings us to the modern International Flat Earth Research Society, founded in 1956 by an English sign painter named Samuel Shenton, whose belief system was a curious combination of Biblical literalism and alternative science. He shared Parallax's view that the Earth's surface was a flat circle surrounded by Antarctica, but he also believed that Atlantis lay buried beneath the North Pole and that its flying saucers would rise up through a hole and visit us regularly. Shenton considered his International Flat Earth Research Society to be a descendant of the Universal Zetetic Society, though there was no actual connection. He ran the organization as a newsletter out of his sign painting shop. Although he did support his views with scriptural quotes, his was very much an alternative science group first, and a creationist group second. Shenton took on the mammoth task of defending the flat Earth during the opening days of the space race, space travel, and the moon landings (which he, of course, insisted were hoaxed). He developed alternate explanations for everything — every satellite seen flying overhead, every procession of the seasons, even how the Earth casts a round shadow on the moon during a lunar eclipse. He won few friends with his assertion that the fire that killed the three Apollo 1 astronauts in 1967 was a curse from God in punishment for trying to explore the heavens. By the time spacecraft sent back photos of the Earth clearly showing its spherical shape, Shenton's excuses grew so bizarre that International Flat Earth Research Society membership dwindled to only twenty four. Upon Shenton's death, an American couple, Charles and Marjory Johnson, picked up the torch. They lived in devout poverty in the California desert. They incorporated the International Flat Earth Research Society of America as the Covenant People's Church, and adopted a fire-and-brimstone mannerism. Their quarterly Flat Earth News steered away from Shenton's alternative science and toward radical Christian fundamentalism mixed with broad conspiracy mongering. Charles burned bridges everywhere, waging wars against the US government, other flat Earth groups, authority of all kinds, the scientific method itself, and even other creationist groups like the well-funded Creation Research Institute. A representative tidbit of Flat Earth News doctrine was the claim that the United Nations flag, which shows a flattened map of all the continents with the North Pole at the center, represents the true shape of the Earth as known to the elite UN Illuminati. The International Flat Earth Research Society of America died when the Johnsons' modest home burned down and they lost everything in 1996. The Johnsons themselves died only a few years later, and for some time there was no real flat Earth society of any kind. But in 2004, a Londoner named Daniel Shenton (no relation to Samuel Shenton) created an Internet forum at theflatearthsociety.org, and in 2012 announced that he'd acquired Samuel Shenton's archives from the University of Liverpool. The forums are quite active, with hundreds of thousands of posts; but from paging through them, it appears that the current Flat Earth Society barely mentions Biblical literalism, but is instead mainly about conspiracy theories, distrust of science, and any type of alternative science views. One lesson to learn from the flat Earth movement is the folly of challenging science's core discoveries without having having a foundation of scientific literacy. Research is always going on, and we're always learning new things and improving our knowledge. But these new discoveries are rarely, or never, that profoundly well-established core fundamentals like the shape of the Earth are wrong. For someone who lacks thorough expertise on a subject to jump in and suddenly claim that everything everyone else knows is wrong is a sure sign of crankery. Take the flat Earthers as a lesson in the importance of developing a basic scientific literacy. Cite this article: Dunning, B. "The Flat Earth Theory." Skeptoid Podcast. Skeptoid Media, 27 Nov 2012. Web. 2 Jan 2017. <http://skeptoid.com/episodes/4338> References & Further Reading Gardner, M. Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science. New York: Dover Publications, 1957. 16-27. Garwood, C. Flat Earth: The History of an Infamous Idea. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2007. O'Neill, B. "Do They Really Think the Earth Is Flat?" BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation, 4 Aug. 2008. Web. 19 Nov. 2012. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/7540427.stm> Parallax. Zetetic Astronomy: Earth Not a Globe. London: Day, 1881. Schadewald, R. "The Flat-Out Truth: Earth Orbits? Moon Landings? A Fraud! Says This Prophet." Science Digest. 1 Jul. 1980, July 1980: 58-63. Simanek, D. "The Flat Earth." Myths and Mysteries of Science. Lock Haven University, 6 May 2006. Web. 20 Nov. 2012. <http://www.lhup.edu/~dsimanek/flat/flateart.htm> Copyright ©2017 Skeptoid Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Rights and reuse information	Aristotle
Which metal is the best conductor of electricity?	Top 10 Ways to Know the Earth is Not Flat \| SmarterThanThat Top 10 Ways to Know the Earth is Not Flat Top 10 Ways to Know the Earth is Not Flat Created on 19 August 2008 Moriel Schottlender 1,683 Comments A few months ago I released an experiment video explaining how Eratosthenes calculated the circumference of the Earth using the shadow of sticks. The method was performed almost two millenia ago, and produced quite accurate results (considering the ‘equipment’ used). But it was far from being the only (or first) method to understand our planet’s shape. Humanity has known the Earth to be round for a few millenia and I’ve been meaning to refine that video and show more of these methods of how we figured out the world is not flat. I’ve had a few ideas on how to do that, but recently got an interesting incentive, when Phil Plait ( The Bad Astronomer ) wrote about a recently published BBC article about “The Flat Earth” society . Phil claims it’s ridiculous to even bother rebutting the flat earth society – and I tend to agree. But the history of our species’ intellectual pursuit is important and interesting, and it’s very much well worth writing about. You don’t need to denounce all science and knowledge and believe in a kooky conspiracy theory to enjoy some historical factoids about humanity’s quest for space. Though I have researched this subject, I am quite certain there will be much more to be said about it – feel free to add more in the comments. If all goes well, this might actually be a good post to refer to whenever anyone wants to discuss a bit of ancient science and the source of cosmological thought. On we go to the top 10 ways to know the Earth is unequivocally, absolutely, positively, 100% not flat: (1) The Moon Now that humanity knows quite positively that the Moon is not a piece of cheese or a playful god, the phenomena that accompany it (from its monthly cycles to lunar eclipses) are well-explained. It was quite a mystery to the ancient Greeks, though, and in their quest for knowledge, they came up with a few insightful observations that helped humanity figure out the shape of our planet. Aristotle (who made quite a lot of observations about the spherical nature of the Earth) noticed that during lunar eclipses (when the Earth’s orbit places it directly between the Sun and the Moon, creating a shadow in the process), the shadow on the Moon’s surface is round. This shadow is the Earth’s, and it’s a great clue on the spherical shape of the Earth. Since the earth is rotating (see the “ Foucault Pendulum ” experiment for a definite proof, if you are doubtful), the consistent oval-shadow it produces in each and every lunar eclipse proves that the earth is not only round but spherical – absolutely, utterly, beyond a shadow of a doubt not flat. Refer to the following image from Wikipedia for more details on what happens during a lunar eclipse: Click for the Original (2) Ships and the Horizon If you’ve been next to a port lately, or just strolled down a beach and stared off vacantly into the horizon, you might have, perhaps, noticed a very interesting phenomenon: approaching ships do not just “appear” out of the horizon (like they should have if the world was flat), but rather emerge from beneath the sea. But – you say – ships do not submerge and rise up again as they approach our view (except in “Pirates of the Caribbean”, but we are hereby assuming that was a fictitious movie). The reason ships appear as if they “emerge from the waves” is because the world is not flat: it’s round. Imagine an ant walking along the surface of an orange, into your field of view. If you look at the orange “head on”, you will see the ant’s body slowly rising up from the “horizon”, because of the curvature of the Orange. If you would do that experiment with a long road, the effect would have changed: The ant would have slowly ‘materialized’ into view, depending on how sharp your vision is. (3) Varying Star Constellations This observation was originally made by Aristotle (384-322 BCE), who declared the Earth was round judging from the different constellations one sees while moving away from the equator. After returning from a trip to Egypt, Aristotle noted that “there are stars seen in Egypt and […] Cyprus which are not seen in the northerly regions.” This phenomenon can only be explained with a round surface, and Aristotle continued and claimed that the sphere of the Earth is “of no great size, for otherwise the effect of so slight a change of place would not be quickly apparent.” (De caelo, 298a2-10) The farther you go from the equator, the farther the ‘known’ constellations go towards the horizon, and are replaced by different stars. This would not have happened if the world was flat: (4) Shadows and Sticks If you stick a stick in the [sticky] ground, it will produce a shadow. The shadow moves as time passes (which is the principle for ancient Shadow Clocks ). If the world had been flat, then two sticks in different locations would produce the same shadow: But they don’t. This is because the earth is round, and not flat: Eratosthenes (276-194 BCE) used this principle to calculate the circumference of the Earth quite accurately. To see this demonstrated, refer to my experiment video about Eratosthenes and the circumference of the earth – “ The Earth’s curvature is tasty! “. (5) Seeing Farther from Higher Standing in a flat plateau, you look ahead of you towards the horizon. You strain your eyes, then take out your favorite binoculars and stare through them, as far as your eyes (with the help of the binocular lenses) can see. Then, you climb up the closest tree – the higher the better, just be careful not to drop those binoculars and break their lenses. You then look again, strain your eyes, stare through the binoculars out to the horizon. The higher up you are the farther you will see. Usually, we tend to relate this to Earthly obstacles, like the fact we have houses or other trees obstructing our vision on the ground, and climbing upwards we have a clear view, but that’s not the true reason. Even if you would have a completely clear plateau with no obstacles between you and the horizon, you would see much farther from greater height than you would on the ground. This phenomena is caused by the curvature of the Earth as well, and would not happen if the Earth was flat: (6) Ride a Plane If you’ve ever taken a trip out of the country, specifically long-destination trips, you could notice two interesting facts about planes and the Earth: Planes can travel in a relatively straight line a very long time and not fall off any edges. They can also, theoretically (and some do, though with stops along the way), circle the earth. Correction (Courtesy of Klaynos, from scienceforums.net ): Apparently, planes can circle the Earth without stopping ! If you look out the window on a trans-Atlantic flight, you can, most of the times, see the curvature of the earth in the horizon. The best view of the curvature used to be on the Concorde, but that plane’s long gone. I can’t wait seeing the pictures from the new plane by “ Virgin Galactic ” – the horizon should look absolutely curved, as it actually is from a distance. (A picture of the curved horizon from a Concorde plane can be seen here ). (7) Look at Other Planets The Earth is different from other planets, that much is true. After all, we have life, and we haven’t found any other planets with life (yet). However, there are certain characteristics all planets have, and it will be quite logical to assume that if all planets behave a certain way, or show certain characteristics – specifically if those planets are in different places or were created under different circumstances – our planet is the same. In other words: If so many planets that were created in different locations and under different circumstances show the same property, it’s likely that our own planet has the same property as well. All of our observations show planets are spherical (and since we know how they’re created, it’s also obvious why they are taking this shape). Unless we have a very good reason to think otherwise (which we don’t), our planet is very likely the same. In 1610, Galileo Galilei observed the moons of Jupiter rotating around it (click here to see a beautiful video reconstruction of his observations ). He described them as small planets orbiting a larger planet – a description (and observation) that was very difficult for the church to accept as it followed a geocentric model where everything was supposed to revolve around the Earth. This observation also showed that the planets (Jupiter, Neptune, and later Venus was observed too) are all spherical, and all orbit the sun. A flat planet (ours or any other planet) would be such an incredible observation that it would pretty much go against everything we know about how planets form and behave. It would not only change everything we know about planet formation, but also about star formation (as our sun would have to behave quite differently to accustom a “flat earth” theory), what we know of speeds and movements in space (like planets orbits, and the effects of gravity, etc). In short, we don’t just suspect that our planet is spherical. We know it. (8) The Existence of Timezones The time in New York, at the moment these words are written, is 12:00pm. The sun is in the middle of the sky (though it’s hard to see with the current cloud coverage). In Beijing, where Michael Phelps is likely getting ready for yet another gold medal, it’s 12:00am, midnight, and the sun is nowhere to be found. In Adelaide, Australia, it is 1:30am. More than 13 hours ahead. There, the sunset is long gone – so much so, that it’s soon going to rise up again in the beginning of a new day. Here’s a list showing what time it is around the world when it is 12:00pm in New York city. This can only be explained if the world is round, and rotating around its own axis. At a certain point when the sun is shining on one part of the Earth, the opposite side is dark, and vise versa. That allows for time differences and timezones, specifically ones that are larger than 12 hours. Another point concerning timezones, the sun and flat/spherical Earth: If the sun was a “spotlight” (very directionally located so that light only shines on a specific location) and the world was flat, we would have seen the sun even if it didn’t shine on top of us (as you can see in the drawing below). The same way you can see the light coming out of a spotlight on a stage in the theater, even though you – the crowd – are in the dark. The only way to create two distinctly separate timezones, where there is complete darkness in one while there’s light in the other, is if the world is spherical. (9) The Center of Gravity There’s an interesting fact about mass: it attracts things to it. The force of attraction (gravity) between two objects depends on their mass and the distance between them. Simply said, gravity will pull toward the center of mass of the objects. To find the center of mass, you have to examine the object. Consider a sphere. Since a sphere has a consistent shape, no matter where on it you stand, you have exactly the same amount of sphere under you. Imagine an ant (perhaps the same one from the previous point) walking around on a crystal ball. Assuming the crystal ball is polished, the ant’s only indication of movement would be the fact it’s moving its feet. The scenery (and shape of the surface) would not change at all. Consider a flat plane. The center of mass of a flat plane is in its center (more or less – if you want to be more accurate, feel free to do the entire [shriek] integration [shriek] process), and the force of gravity will pull a person toward the middle of the plain. That means that if you stand on the edge of the plane, gravity will be pulling you toward the middle, not straight down like you usually experience. I am quite positive that even for Australians an apple falls downwards, but if you have your doubts, I urge you to try it out – just make sure it’s nothing that can break or hurt you. Just in case gravity is consistent after all.	i don't know
Which scientist was born in Germany in 1879, became a Swiss citizen in 1901 and later became a US citizen in 1940?	Einstein, Albert - Dictionary definition of Einstein, Albert \| Encyclopedia.com: FREE online dictionary Einstein, Albert U.S. Immigration and Migration Reference Library COPYRIGHT 2004 The Gale Group, Inc. Albert Einstein Physicist "The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it is comprehensible." A lbert Einstein was already a world-famous scientist when he immigrated to the United States in 1933. Over his lifetime, he had three nationalities: German, Swiss, and American. He also was Jewish, which led him to support the founding of the state of Israel. But as the top physicist in the twentieth century, Einstein in some ways rose above nationalities to become a citizen of the world. His story as a world citizen cast a different light on the larger subject of emigration and migration across national borders. Not a promising young student Albert Einstein was the son of a middle-class Jewish businessman. Einstein was born in Germany, a country that had been unified into a single state only eight years before his birth. Previously, a group of kingdoms, of which Prussia was the largest, had occupied the territory brought together into a single kingdom in 1870. When he was a boy, Einstein's father, Hermann, moved his family to Munich, where he and a brother opened a factory manufacturing electrical equipment. The family later moved to Milan, Italy, in 1894, before Einstein had graduated from high school. Einstein did not have a reputation as a brilliant or even an excellent student. He was regarded as rebellious, a young man who preferred to study topics in math and science that interested him and to ignore assignments that did not. He paid a price for his independent streak in 1895, when the prestigious Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich rejected his application. Einstein spent a year studying subjects in which he was considered weak. He was finally admitted to the Swiss university in 1896 with the intention of becoming a teacher of physics and math. Even then, Einstein did not impress all of his teachers. He graduated in 1901 and became a Swiss citizen, but he could not find a teaching job without the recommendation of all his teachers. Instead, Einstein got a job working for the Swiss government, examining applications for patents. (A patent is a claim by an inventor for the exclusive right, during a limited period of time, to use an invention to make money. Applications are examined to make sure the so-called invention really is new.) Einstein's job required technical knowledge, but it is often represented as a low-grade clerical job. It did not enjoy the prestige of a teaching post at a major university, but it did allow Einstein plenty of free time to work on his first love, which was physics, and to enjoy his marriage in 1903 to Mileva Maric of Hungary, a student Einstein had met at the Institute of Technology. The couple had two sons and were divorced in 1919. Einstein later married his widowed cousin, Elsa Einstein, whom he had known since he was a child. 1905: The year of sudden acclaim The story of Albert Einstein is not one of a scientist working for years to develop a new explanation for the world he sees around him. To the contrary, just a few years out of Zurich, Einstein published a series of scientific papers in a single year—1905—that permanently established his reputation as one of the modern world's great scientists on a par with Galileo Galilei (1564–1642) and Sir Isaac Newton (1642–1727). One of the papers Einstein published in 1905 was on the topic of what is called Einstein's "special theory of relativity." It was a mathematical demonstration that showed that light moves at the same speed regardless of its source or the motion of the observer. (The speed of an object, on the other hand, is relative to the observer. A car may seem to be moving at 30 miles an hour to someone standing still; to someone moving towards the first car at the same speed, the first car seems to be moving at 60 miles an hour. Einstein's theory said that regardless of whether an observer is moving toward or away from light, the speed of light is always approximately 186,000 miles per second.) Also in 1905, Einstein published four other papers: on the effects of electric currents; the phenomenon of "Brownian motion" (the random movement of microscopic particles suspended in liquids or gases, which Einstein realized could prove the existence of molecules and atoms too small to observe in the most powerful microscope); the emission and absorption of light; and the inertia of energy (inertia is the quality of matter that keeps objects at rest steady, or keeps objects in motion moving, until some other force acts on them). Over the next decade, other physicists began analyzing and evaluating Einstein's work, and his reputation soared. Scientific recognition Einstein, who had not been able to get a job teaching physics, became an international scientific celebrity. In 1909, he became a professor of physics at the University of Zurich. Two years later, he became a professor at German University in Prague (now capital of the Czech Republic), and the year after that he became a professor at his own school, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich. In 1913, the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin made Einstein a member of their influential society and invited him to become director of scientific research at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute. He accepted the offer and moved to Berlin, where he remained for the next nineteen years. Einstein and the Theory of Relativity Sir Isaac Newton, a pioneer in the study of the nature of objects and of objects in motion (the science of physics), is often credited with "discovering" gravity, when an apple fell from a tree and hit his head. Newton wrote extensively about gravity and its effect on objects. For over two hundred years, Newton was the recognized authority on the subject. At the beginning of the twentieth century, Albert Einstein challenged Newton's theories. In Einstein's views, things that might seem obvious to the observer are sometimes not. For example, the same clock might tick at a different speed when it is near a giant object, such as the Sun. Light, which is thought to travel very fast (186,000 miles per second) may also be affected by large objects. A second (the unit of time) might be longer or shorter, depending on gravity. In Einstein's view, it is all "relative." Here is how Professor Alan Lightman (1948–) of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology explains Einstein's theory of relativity on a Web site sponsored by Nova, the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) program that focuses on scientific subjects: What was General Relativity? Einstein's earlier theory of time and space, Special Relativity, proposed that distance and time are not absolute. The ticking rate of a clock depends on the motion of the observer of that clock; likewise for the length of a 'yard stick.' Published in 1915, General Relativity proposed that gravity, as well as motion, can affect the intervals of time and of space. The key idea of General Relativity, called the Equivalence Principle, is that gravity pulling in one direction is completely equivalent to an acceleration in the opposite direction. (A car accelerating forwards feels just like sideways gravity pushing you back against your seat. An elevator accelerating upwards feels just like gravity pushing you into the floor. If gravity is equivalent to acceleration, and if motion affects measurements of time and space (as shown in Special Relativity), then it follows that gravity does so as well. In particular, the gravity of any mass, such as our sun, has the effect of warping the space and time around it. For example, the angles of a triangle no longer add up to 180 degrees and clocks tick more slowly the closer they are to a gravitational mass like the sun. Many of the predictions of General Relativity, such as the bending of starlight by gravity and a tiny shift in the orbit of the planet Mercury, have been quantitatively confirmed by experiment. Einstein's theories are not easy to understand, and indeed he was not explaining events he had witnessed, as Newton did in developing his theory of gravitation. Einstein's theories were just that—ideas generated from his scientific imagination—until the observations of light being deflected during a solar eclipse behaved in exactly the way Einstein had predicted. Scientists in other countries also admired his work. In 1919, British scientists traveled to Príncipe Island, off the west coast of Africa, and photographed a total solar eclipse (a shadowing of the Sun when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun). Their photographs confirmed one of Einstein's startling predictions: that beams of light could be "bent" or "deflected" when passing near a huge mass such as the Sun. Days after the observation, the New York Times reported on the observation with the headline: "Lights All Askew In The Heavens. Men Of Science More Or Less Agog Over Results Of Eclipse Observations. Einstein Theory Triumphs." Two years later, Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics. Einstein and politics Physics was not the only subject of interest to Einstein. Far from being a remote professor uninformed about world events, Einstein was a pacifist, one who does not believe in participating in wars. From 1914 to 1918, Europe experienced the most destructive, deadly war fought to that date, World War I. Rather than springing to the defense of his nation, Einstein insisted that it was morally wrong to fight in an army, an attitude that won him widespread criticism at home in Germany. Einstein was also a strong supporter of Zionism, the idea that Jews deserved their own country situated in Palestine, the land of the Bible. Zionism became a political movement among European Jews starting in the last two decades of the nineteenth century, partly in reaction to continuing religious discrimination. Einstein the emigrant In 1933, the National Socialist (Nazi) Party led by Adolf Hitler (1889–1945) won a majority in the German parliament, or legislature, after preaching intense hatred of Jews, whom the Nazis blamed for many of Germany's economic problems. At the time of the election, Einstein and his wife were visiting the United States, and Einstein declared that he would not return to Germany. The scientist was immediately welcomed by other scientists in the United States. Einstein had already agreed to spend part of the year at a newly organized Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey; he was then persuaded by Hitler's rise to power to work full–time at the institute. In the world of science, Einstein's presence added immediate status to the new institute and was a loss to German scientists. Hitler, who a decade later launched the Holocaust, the mass murder of Jews and others he disapproved of, had based part of his political philosophy on the notion that Germans, as representatives of something he called the "Aryan" race, were superior to other peoples of the world and were therefore entitled to dominate others. In Hitler's views, Jews were distinctly inferior. Of course, in the world of science, the existence of Albert Einstein was living evidence of the inaccuracy of Hitler's racist theory. During the 1930s, Einstein wrote not only about science but also about politics. He frequently criticized the policies of Hitler in Germany and urged Western nations like the United States to oppose those policies. In 1938, after a breakthrough in physics in Germany, Einstein wrote a letter to U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882–1945; served 1933–45) urging government support for research into how to make a bomb using new discoveries about atoms. Einstein himself never participated in the research that resulted in the production of nuclear weapons, and he was shocked and horrified when the United States dropped two such bombs on Japan in August 1945 to end World War II (1939–45) in the Pacific. In later years, Einstein wrote essays on the desirability of a single world government that would, in effect, do away with individual nations. Although Einstein was always able to attract attention simply on the strength of his name, most of his political ideas were largely ignored. Although Einstein continued working in the field of physics, his most important works had all been published by 1920. Thereafter, he was a revered figure in science, and he used his position to try to influence politics. During the period of Nazi rule in Germany, Einstein was one of thousands of Jews who successfully fled the country to live elsewhere; an estimated eight million others were not so lucky: they perished in the Holocaust. Whether there were other Einsteins among them will never be known. Einstein retired from teaching in 1945, although he continued work on his own. In 1952, Einstein turned down an offer to become the president of Israel. The scientist died in Princeton, New Jersey, in 1955 at the age of seventy-six. —James L. Outman Pais, Abraham. Einstein Lived Here. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994. Parker, Barry R. Einstein's Brainchild: Relativity Made Relatively Easy! Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2000. Strathern, Paul. Einstein and Relativity. New York: Anchor Books/Doubleday, 1999. Swisher, Clarice, ed. Albert Einstein. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2001. Periodicals Holton, Gerald. "The Migration of Physicists to the United States." Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists (April 1984): p. 18. Oberbye, Dennis. "New Details Emerge from the Einstein Files; How the FBI Tracked His Phone Calls and His Trash." New York Times (May 7, 2002): p. D1 (Science Times). Web Sites "Einstein Revealed." Nova. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/einstein (accessed on March 12, 2004). Lightman, Alan. "Relativity and the Cosmos." Nova. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/einstein/relativity/index.html (accessed on March 12, 2004). Cite this article Learn more about citation styles Citation styles Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). Within the “Cite this article” tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. Therefore, it’s best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publication’s requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: Modern Language Association	Albert Einstein
What is the sum of the internal angles in a hexagon?	Swiss Federal Institute of Intellectual Property :: Einstein Swiss Federal Institute of Intellectual Property Albert Einstein: Physicist and World Citizen Albert Einstein at his desk in the patent office in 1904 (Photo by Lucien Chavan, 1868-1942) He was voted as «Person of the Century» by Time Magazine and is probably the most popular scientist ever born: Albert Einstein. Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany on March 14, 1879. He grew up in Munich and moved to Switzerland in 1895 where he studied at the Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich. In 1901 he became a Swiss citizen. In 1905, at the age of twenty-six, he began his astounding career while employed at the patent office in Bern. He published five ground-breaking papers during just one extraordinary year. By the age of 30 he had been made a professor in Zurich. Seven years later he went on to publish his famous theory of relativity. In 1921 he received the Nobel Prize in Physics for his quantum theory, and in 1933 he was made professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton in the United States where he continued to live for the rest of his life. He died in 1955. Einstein not only changed the face of physics, he also made a name for himself through his activism for international understanding and peace. Last modified:21.04.2011 12:51	i don't know
What is the most common blood type in humans?	Blood Types Chart \| Blood Group Information \| American Red Cross Printable Version Blood Types Although all blood is made of the same basic elements, not all blood is alike. In fact, there are eight different common blood types, which are determined by the presence or absence of certain antigens – substances that can trigger an immune response if they are foreign to the body. Since some antigens can trigger a patient's immune system to attack the transfused blood, safe blood transfusions depend on careful blood typing and cross-matching. The ABO Blood Group System There are four major blood groups determined by the presence or absence of two antigens – A and B – on the surface of red blood cells: Group A – has only the A antigen on red cells (and B antibody in the plasma) Group B – has only the B antigen on red cells (and A antibody in the plasma) Group AB – has both A and B antigens on red cells (but neither A nor B antibody in the plasma) Group O – has neither A nor B antigens on red cells (but both A and B antibody are in the plasma) There are very specific ways in which blood types must be matched for a safe transfusion. See the chart below: In addition to the A and B antigens, there is a third antigen called the Rh factor, which can be either present (+) or absent ( – ). In general, Rh negative blood is given to Rh-negative patients, and Rh positive blood or Rh negative blood may be given to Rh positive patients. The universal red cell donor has Type O negative blood type. The universal plasma donor has Type AB blood type. Blood Types and the Population O positive is the most common blood type. Not all ethnic groups have the same mix of these blood types. Hispanic people, for example, have a relatively high number of O’s, while Asian people have a relatively high number of B’s. The mix of the different blood types in the U.S. population is:	O
What is the atomic number of the element Californium?	Origins and Creation: Human Origins and Blood Types Human Origins and Blood Types Human Origins and Blood Types According to Japanese belief our blood type defines our character and the way we behave. Nutritionists have discovered that different blood types thrive with different foods. In Paranormal Studies, statistical analysis of individuals that experience UFO or Extraterrestrial Contact, or paranormal activity are higher in certain bloodtypes than others. Other studies have determined that blood type is proportional to higher mental capabilities and thought. The majority of general contemporary analysis on hominid evolution conducted by those unqualified in the disciplines of Archaeology and Anthropology today, have a tendancy to base their analysis on the assumption that Darwins Theory is fact. However this is not the case, as even archaeology students are informed in their first years of study that Darwins Theory is still classified as theory, therefore analysis on evolution of a species or any general hypothesis must be evaluated empirically. We within the Archaeology/Anthropology disciplines are strongly encouraged to avoid drawing any conclusions within the assumptions of Darwins Theory. Recent Anthropological analysis of the Human Specific Type O - blood group reveals that from a structural perspective, it is the simplest and oldest Modern Human blood group and serves as the basis for the synthesis of the human mutations A, B and AB. The blood groups A/B/AB are mutations that evolved during the M.Human/Neanderthal/Floresiensis convergence period approximately 80,000 - 25,000 BCE. The term stressed here is Human Mutation of A,B,AB blood groups, which will be explained. 28 separate studies showed that Chimpanzees have the blood types A and minimal O, but never B. 8 separate studies showed that Gorillas have the blood types B and minimal O, but never A. There is no blood type AB in either primates Although many assume that blood type O in modern humans stems from hominid ancestry very recent genetic studies conducted by the institude of biological evolution in spain have firmly corrected that particular misinformation. An example of this is an concerning "How Neanderthals became the Basques" assume that certain races descend from Neanderthal due to location. This article mentions tests on Neanderthal Mitochondrial DNA, finding sequences differed by 27 substitutions from Modern Human, then follows with an account of the Basques directly descending from Neanderthal due to shared location of habitation and comparisons of physical Characteristics. Unfortunately this is not the case for the Basque, which I'm sure that they will be disappointed to discover. The recent genetic analysis on two Neanderthal specimens in spain have been found containing the Blood type O allele, the Y2 sequences demonstrated transpecies inheritance of ancestor allele's identical to chimpanze Y2 sequences, in other words the Neanderthal blood type O allele Y2 sequence demonstrates that it was inherited from its chimpanze ancestor, as chimanze sequences were present. Also present was a heterozygous trait (like human blood type AB) in the Neanderthal specimens namely blood types OA and OB, not found in humans. However additional analysis of the M.Human Blood Type O have found that the human allele is species specific to modern human, lacking tran-species inheritance from chimpanze sequences. This demonstrates that the modern human type O allele evolved independantly from early hominids or primates since no ancestral sequence inheritance is found in modern humans (In other words Human Blood Group O, is NOT the Same as Neanderthal Blood Group O, as Neanderthals inherited their blood Group O from Chimpanzes, where Humans evolved independantly and have NOT undergone any type of species transfer of Chimpanze Sequences to their genepool ). The M.Human Blood Group O have no trace of the Chimpanze sequences found in other hominid specimens. The Chimpanze inheritance sequence is found in Neanderthal who had existed alongside modern human for thousands of years. In addition the RH negative factor is also species specific to modern human. Those of the early M.Humans contained no trace of the RH Positive Factor inherited from the rhesus monkey in their genepool. Where other hominid species examined are found to be RH Positive. By species specific it is strongly implied that we are definate seperate species to early Hominids. Mitochondrial DNA is the determining factor for any species, Human Mitochondrial DNA and Neanderthal Mitochondrial DNA are entirely seperate in sequences and Neanderthal have made no substantial contribution to the Modern Human Genome. According to information extracted from set sources of mtDNA, the last possible common ancestor shared between Neanderthal and Humans is dated approximately 690, 000 years ago, However analysis have concluded that the Human Genome has only existed on this Earth for approximately 150, 000 to 190,000 years so the set approximate commonality is about 400,000 years off base, as the human genome was yet to appear on Earth. There is also no intermedial Ancestral Hominid Species in existence to link us to this possible common ancestor with the Neanderthal. In other words, Neanderthal, a species seperate from Humans, who even with admixture of interbreeding during the convergence period, made no substantial contribution to the Human Genome, share no common ancestry with us other than the possible 690,000 year approximated Ancestor of which Humans were not even here to paticipate in the implied commonality. Demonstrate an entirely separate evolution to humans with entirely separate mtDNA, determining humans as separate species. In addition, all traces of commonality found within both species genomes have been determined as products of admixture and interbreeding, and not ancestry. Interestingly recent discoveries have determined a third Hominid species that existed in the same time period as Neanderthals and Humans. Again the word stressed is Species NOT Sub-Species, as mtDNA in all mentioned Hominids and Humans are as difinitive and seperate in their sequences as Modern Humans to Chimpanzes. This third species has been Identified as Homo Floresiensis - Pygmies, a decendant of Homo Erectus, of whom the M.Human Species was also found to have traces of admixture evident due interbreeding, hence the development of the Human Pygmies of today. This Species was characteristic of being quite short in stature compared to the tall Neanderthal, and extremely dark in skin tone. From this it was observed that Human Blood types A and B were mutations introduced into the Human Genepool via admixture with both Floresiensis and Neanderthal species. However the heterozygous AB type is a mutation of the two alleles that is Human Specific as the Neanderthal OA and OB blood types species specific to Neanderthal. Evidence of Interbreeding between Floresiensis and Neanderthal have also been found, producing an African Neanderthal cousin species. The introduction of Blood Types A and Type O (Chimpanze) Alleles via Floresiensis into the Neanderthal genepool may have produced the heterozygous effect OA and OB Type Allele's, similar to the effect that blood types A and B had when introduced into the Human Genepool. As mentioned before the AB blood type is specific only to humans occuring after introduction of their parent Alleles A and B seperately producing a Heterozygous effect. This hints at the probability that when two distinct but compatible species interbreed and bloodtypes are introduced in admixture, that at least one Heterozygous Blood type is produced. However the theory is short and negated when one observes all Heterozygous Types produced share a common ancestral element, The Chimpanze. The recent genetic tests performed on the two Neanderthal of Spain were conclusive regarding the presence of Chimpanze Sequences in Both Neanderthal Remains. The Heterozygous Types OA and OB were present with Chimpanze Sequences. Blood types A and B in Humans both came from Hominid sources that were present with Ancestral Chimpanze Sequences, and the only Blood Types to bind a heterozygous blood type were admixed mutations A and B, where Human type O remained unchanged with no occurence of binding with the introduced mutations to cause an OA or OB. In fact blood type O has always demonstrated an aversion to the new mutations. Hence Human Blood Type O - unable to recieve donor blood from a source not of the Human O- Blood Type. However it is common knowledge that O- is the Universal donor, able to donate to any in the ABO Blood Groups whether Rhesus negative or positive. This is due to the Human Blood Type O- being the basic M.Human blood type, where the basic structure can be transferred but mutations are prevented. As discussed, the Rhesus Positive Factor was introduced into the human genepool via Floresiensis/Neanderthal/Human Admixture. The earliest modern humans before any occurence of admixture with other homonid species were of the O- Blood Type. Negative genetic ancestry to Neanderthal, negative genetic ancestry to Floresiensis, and negative genetic ancestry to the Rhesus Monkey. Blood Type O- is was the pure M.Human Blood Type. This Blood Type was sequenced specific to M.Humans. Many a misconception has claimed that O- is a mutation or that it is not the oldest blood type in the ABO Blood Group when in fact it is the Oldest, Purest M.Human Blood Group. Many who imply these misconceptions concern themselves with comparing the age of the ABO Blood groups with those found in early Hominids, but genetic analysis has determined that early hominid ABO blood groups and M.Human blood groups are sequences that evolved independantly, so there are ABO Blood groups (Chimpanze) and ABO Blood Groups (M.Human) and are entirely different blood groups. The misconception happens when they are comparing M.Human blood groups to Blood Groups of an entirely different species. M.Humans are not of the same species as Neanderthal, Floresiensis, Or Erectus. Genetic Studies are conclusive, that we evolved separately from the other hominids, and mtDNA, the DNA that determines a species, distiguishes us as a separate species altogether. We have dominant genomes compared to previous species. So as a result of all admixture that occured during the convergence period, Humans with Blood Type A, contain prevalent Floresiensis-Pygmie ancestry in their lineage, Humans with Blood Type B, contain Neanderthal Ancestry in their Lineage, and those of Blood Type O, have retained the Early M.Human Ancestry. Although those of M.Human Blood Type O today may have parents of Admixture blood types, A or B. So there is very little chance of any M.Human today descending from a Pure M.Human O- Blood Lineage. According to studies on characteristics of blood types, The Greatest of the worlds Builders and Architects have been of Blood Type B+ . People with Type B +blood, are strong willed, goal oriented, they always finish whatever they start, whether in perfect timing or in excellent fashion. People with Type B positive blood group, always seem to find their own way in life. B- People with Type B negative blood group tend to shy away from the limelight, yet when they develop a passion about something they will take centre stage to fight for what they believe in. Those of Blood Type A +are the most honest and trustworthy of all the Blood Groups and are the hardest workers. They always strive to better themselves as they are perfectionists in most things. Blood Type A - are said to be open and honest, and very outgoing. Type A negatives are also known to be very professional in their dealings. A negatives are sometimes very talented in their field and love to compete, they live to conquer anyone in the same field. Those of Blood Type O + are said to be creative, confident and quite popular, they enjoy being the centre of attention. Type O positives are also outgoing and very social, though mostly initiators, they may never get to finish what they start. Blood Type O - Are usually born leaders, they are the genius of the all the blood groups with their high intelligence, inventors, entrepreneurs, spiritual and artistic. Often admired by their peers for their knowledge and wisdom. AB+Those with a Type AB positive blood group, are an interesting lot indeed, though they are trustworthy and honest, its being said that they seem to have a split personality! Type AB blood group like helping people, they are outgoing and confident but they can be shy too. AB-The same as AB Positive traits. Blood group traits aside have the latest genetic studies brought us any closer to actual Human Origins. Yes and No. Twenty years ago they were on a quest to find the missing link between humans and early hominds. Determined to elevate Darwins Theory to Fact. They were so sure they would someday find something conclusive. Twenty years later with cutting edge technology and Highly Skilled Geneticists we have now finally made progress. We now know that we do NOT share any genetic Ancestry with any of the hominds that inhabited the same time period or any with any hominids of previous possible time periods relavant to the origins of the human genomes on Earth. The only possible common ancestor Humans may have shared with Neanderthal was deduced as existing Eons before in a time period when Humans hadn't even been thought of on this planet. In order to actually share that common ancestor we would have needed a ancestor hominid to actually precede our evolution that links us to the common ancestor shared with Neanderthal, and since no such M.Human ancestor has been found, then the current data is conclusive. If we evolved entirely independant of hominid evolution here on Earth, and have no trace of ancestry to early hominids prior to admixed interbreeding between our species, then where did M.Humans Evolve? Where did the M.Human Genome come from, How did it get here? M.Humans share no ancestry with Neanderthals and Floresiensis who all shared a habitual time period together, yet the Neanderthal and Floresiensis species both share conclusive shared genetic ancestry in their sequences, where M.Humans of the same time period contain no such genetic sequences. So again the question, Where did the M.Human genome come from? Where did we evolve? Because evidence suggest that M.Humans have no conclusive ancestry to early hominids. Yet M.Humans appeared in the same time period as Neanderthal/Floresiensis with already complete anatomical evolution and independant O Blood Type allele and Genome, as opposed to the still progressively evolving Neanderthal/Floresiensis with related trace ancestral genomes. So who are our ancestors? Where did our genome evolve? Where did we progress? Who were our Primates? Cro-Magnons? Where does our M.Human lineage come from? How did we appear on Earth already at the height of our Evolution unrelated to the hominids of the same time period? Our earliest recorded creation histories of many people on Earth claim that there were people that came from else where, from the heavens, from the stars, and were the creators of civillisation on Earth, or the progenitors of their people. In many creations stories are variations of this concept found. Were these proposed progenitors who came from the stars the first M.Humans? Current data on hominid evolution shows no conclusive M.Human ancestry to this planet. So it suggests that early creation theories may have actually have some merit, if nothing is found to link us to Earth Evolution.	i don't know
Which 1974 sequel won six Oscars?	1974 Academy Awards® Winners and History ELLEN BURSTYN in "Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore", Diahann Carroll in "Claudine", Faye Dunaway in "Chinatown" , Valerie Perrine in "Lenny", Gena Rowlands in "A Woman Under the Influence" Supporting Actor: ROBERT DE NIRO in "The Godfather, Part II" , Fred Astaire in "The Towering Inferno", Jeff Bridges in "Thunderbolt and Lightfoot", Michael V. Gazzo in "The Godfather, Part II" Supporting Actress: INGRID BERGMAN in "Murder on the Orient Express", Valentina Cortese in "Day for Night", Madeline Kahn in "Blazing Saddles" , Diane Ladd in "Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore", Talia Shire in Director: FRANCIS FORD COPPOLA for "The Godfather, Part II" , John Cassavetes for "A Woman Under the Influence", Bob Fosse for "Lenny", Roman Polanski for "Chinatown" , Francois Truffaut for "Day for Night" The Best Picture victor, The Godfather, Part II , shifted back and forth over six decades in time to retrace the story of the same Corleone family and how it was founded. Simultaneously, it documented the rise to power of young Vito Corleone (Robert De Niro) and the family's decline a generation later through the aging son (Michael Corleone). It was the only sequel to win a Best Picture Oscar at the time of its win. [An earlier unsuccessful attempt at a sequel-Best Picture win was The Bells of St. Mary's (1945) - following the Best Picture winner of the previous year - Going My Way (1944). Later, its 'sequel' The Godfather, Part III (1990) was also nominated for Best Picture - and lost, and two sequel-installments of The Lord of the Rings (2002, 2003) were also nominated, with the latter winning the top honor. Some might consider the Best Picture-winning The Silence of the Lambs (1991) as a sequel to Manhunter (1986) , but that stretches the definition of a true sequel.] It also accomplished a marvelous feat - it did exceptionally well with double the total number of Oscars than its predecessor - with eleven nominations and six wins (Best Picture, Best Director, Best Supporting Actor (Robert DeNiro), Best Screenplay Adaptation, Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, and Best Original Dramatic Score (by Nino Rota and the director's own father Carmine Coppola)). It duplicated its predecessor's feat of three nominations for Best Supporting Actor (for Lee Strasberg, Michael V. Gazzo, and winner DeNiro). Five of its six un-rewarded nominations were for acting roles. [Francis Ford Coppola had previously won two Oscars for himself - for the Best Story and Screenplay for Patton (1970) and the Best Adapted Screenplay (a shared award) for The Godfather (1972) . With his new honors in 1974, he would add three more awards: Best Picture (as producer), Best Director, and Best Screenplay Adaptation (again shared with Mario Puzo). It was an unprecedented win for Coppola - three Oscars for writing, producing, and directing the same film.] (Note: A triple win had also occurred for Leo McCarey in 1944, Billy Wilder in 1960, James L. Brooks in 1983, and would later occur for James Cameron in 1997.) For the first time since 1951, when individual producers rather than companies were cited in the Best Picture nominations, both producers Francis Ford Coppola (and Fred Roos) were honored by receiving two Best Picture nominations in the same year, for Coppola's The Conversation (1974) and for their shared winner: The Godfather (1972) . This occurred for the second time in 2010. This was also the third time in awards history that blood relatives won Oscars in the same year - previously it occurred in 1929/30 and 1948. Coppola won three awards for The Godfather, Part II , and father Carmine won an award for Best Original Dramatic Score. Sister Talia Shire was nominated for Best Supporting Actress, but she didn't win.] The major competition for Best Picture came from these sources: director Roman Polanski's Chinatown (also with eleven nominations, but only one win! - for Robert Towne's Original Screenplay), a complex film noir and a perfectly-constructed, atmospheric detective mystery about scandal in late 1930s Los Angeles director Coppola's own small-budget, non-commercial, technically-brilliant character study of a professional surveillance expert who suspects he has contributed to murder in The Conversation (with three nominations and no wins) - Coppola also directed and scripted Bob Fosse's Lenny (with six nominations and no wins) adapted from Julian Barry's play - a stark biography of the controversial and foul-mouthed, subversive, but talented comic Lenny Bruce. [Fosse and Coppola were experiencing a re-match, an exact duplicate of their contest two years earlier - both directors had Best Picture and Best Director nominations in 1972 and 1974 - and later in 1979.] Irwin Allen's somewhat out-of-place, expensive, disaster film with an all-star cast struggling against a raging fire in the world's tallest skyscraper, in the over-long box-office hit The Towering Inferno (with eight nominations and three wins - Best Cinematography, Best Song: "We May Never Love Like This Again", and Best Film Editing) The Best Director award went to Francis Ford Coppola for his Best Picture-winning film. The other directors competing for the Best Director award included Roman Polanski who appeared in his own brilliant film Chinatown as a knife-wielding, nose-slicing thug. After his success with Cabaret (1972) , Bob Fosse was nominated for his follow-up film Lenny. French director Francois Truffaut was nominated for Day for Night (the film won the Foreign Language Film award in 1973), and John Cassavetes was nominated for his independent, improvisational film A Woman Under the Influence about the disintegration of a family due to mental illness. [Cassavetes was now a triple-crown nominee - adding to his supporting actor nomination for The Dirty Dozen (1967) and his screenplay nomination for Faces (1968).] The winner in the Best Actor category was a big surprise and major Oscar upset - and regarded as a sentimental award for The Honeymooners star: Art Carney (with his sole nomination and career Oscar win) won for his fourth screen role as 72 year-old widower and evicted New Yorker Harry Coombs, who hitchhikes cross-country to Chicago with his friend and confidante - an orange cat named Tonto in Paul Mazursky's Harry and Tonto (Carney's nomination was one of the film's two nominations). Fifty-six year-old Carney became the oldest Best Actor behind 63 year-old George Arliss' win for Disraeli (1929/30). (Arliss' record would hold until 76 year-old Henry Fonda's win for On Golden Pond (1981).) Three of Carney's fellow nominees presumably split the vote, allowing him to win (aside from the sentimental vote). It was remarkable that Art Carney beat out the first three of these other superb performances: Al Pacino, who had been one of the three Best Supporting Actor nominees in 1972 for The Godfather (1972) , was again nominated (with his third of eight nominations) - this time as Best Actor for his extended role in the sequel as Don Michael Corleone, Don Vito Corleone's son and heir Jack Nicholson (with his fourth nomination and his second consecutive nomination in the 70s) as seedy private detective J. J. Gittes in Chinatown , the other celebrated film of the year - in retrospect, it is unbelievable that Nicholson's seminal role in this film lost Dustin Hoffman (with his third of seven nominations) as the doomed comedian Lenny Bruce in the title role of Lenny Albert Finney (with his second of five unsuccessful nominations) as Agatha Christie's Belgian detective Hercule Poirot in director Sidney Lumet's who-dun-it Murder on the Orient Express (with six nominations and one win - Best Supporting Actress), who attempts to solve a murder on a 1934 train trip from Istanbul to Calais The winner of the Best Actress Oscar in 1974 was Ellen Burstyn (with her sole Oscar win in a career total of six nominations) in the role of Alice Hyatt, a newly-widowed woman with a 12 year-old son who hits the road and survives as a Phoenix diner/waitress in director Martin Scorsese's first major Hollywood film Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore (with three nominations and one win - Best Actress) - the basis for the TV show Alice. (In Harry and Tonto, Burstyn played Harry's daughter Shirley.) [Burstyn's win came a year after she had lost the Best Actress award for The Exorcist (1973) .] In a similar character role, black actress Diahann Carroll (with her sole nomination) was nominated as Best Actress for her role as Claudine Price - a struggling black welfare mother who romances a garbage collector (James Earl Jones) in director John Berry's Claudine (the film's sole nomination). The remaining Best Actress nominees were: Valerie Perrine (with her sole nomination) as Lenny Bruce's stripper/druggie wife Honey Bruce in Lenny Gena Rowlands (with her first of two unsuccessful career nominations) as Peter Falk's lonely, working-class housewife Mabel Longhetti who slowly goes mad and breaks down (in her real-life husband John Cassavetes' film) A Woman Under the Influence Faye Dunaway (with her second nomination) as the mysteriously-widowed Evelyn Mulwray in the complicated thriller Chinatown - the best performance of all the nominees Robert De Niro (with his first nomination and first Oscar win) was the victor in the Best Supporting Actor category for his Sicilian-speaking, star-making role as the young immigrant Vito Corleone who grows up in Little Italy in The Godfather, Part II . DeNiro didn't speak a single word of English in the film. Two other competitors for the Best Supporting Actor appeared in the same film: seventy-three year-old Lee Strasberg (with his sole nomination for his film debut) as Miami Jewish mobster Hyman Roth Michael V. Gazzo (with his sole nomination) as Corleone family associate Frank Pentangeli Legendary screen actor/dancer Fred Astaire was a sentimental favorite for his sole career Oscar nomination (almost an insult) - for his supporting role as a con artist and widower Harlee Claiborne in The Towering Inferno - he was the only star in the cast who received a nomination - with a non-dancing role! The final nominee in the Best Supporting Actor category was Jeff Bridges (with his second nomination) as drifter Lightfoot who helps ex-thief Thunderbolt (Clint Eastwood) and then plans a government vault heist in Michael Cimino's debut caper film Thunderbolt and Lightfoot (the film's sole nomination). The Best Supporting Actress award was the third Oscar for Swedish-born nominee Ingrid Bergman (and the sixth of her seven career nominations) - Bergman won for her role as shy, nervous, repressed Swedish missionary Greta Ohlsson - a member of the star-studded group of suspected passengers by Albert Finney's Hercule Poirot aboard the train in Murder on the Orient Express. [Bergman's first two awards were for Gaslight (1944) and Anastasia (1956). Her third award joined her with both Katharine Hepburn and Walter Brennan (in a 3-way tie) for most acting Oscar wins (3) - until 1981, when Hepburn won a fourth Oscar for On Golden Pond (1981).] The other Best Supporting Actress nominees in the category were: Valentina Cortese (with her sole nomination) in a beautiful performance as alcoholic Italian actress Severine in Truffaut's film Day For Night Madeline Kahn (with her second consecutive nomination) as saloon belle Lili von Shtupp - a Marlene Dietrich look-alike in director Mel Brooks' western spoof Blazing Saddles (with three nominations and no wins) Diane Ladd (with her first of three unsuccessful career nominations) as Alice's fellow, sharp-tongued, bleach-blonde diner worker Flo in Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore Talia Shire (director Coppola's sister) (with her first nomination) as Michael Corleone's sister Connie Corleone in His Girl Friday (1940) , To Have and Have Not (1944) , The Big Sleep (1946) , Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1953), and Rio Bravo (1959). In his entire career, he received only one (unsuccessful) nomination as Best Director - for Best Actor-winning Sergeant York (1941). In addition, French film-maker Jean Renoir received an Honorary Award - he was honored as "a genius who, with grace, responsibility and enviable devotion through silent film, sound film, feature, documentary and television, has won the world's admiration." His greatest films included Bondu Saved From Drowning (1932), Grand Illusion (1937, Fr.) (nominated for Best Picture in 1938), The Rules of the Game (1939, Fr.), and The Southerner (1945) - with his sole Best Director nomination throughout his career. Oscar Snubs and Omissions: Gordon Willis' remarkable cinematography in both Godfather films was not nominated. And the Best Picture nomination for The Towering Inferno displaced such excellent films in the category as Young Frankenstein , A Woman Under the Influence, Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore, and Day For Night. Richard Lester's brilliant swashbuckler The Three Musketeers received no nominations, including an impressive performance by Charlton Heston as evil Cardinal Richelieu and others (Oliver Reed (Athos), Richard Chamberlain (Aramis), and Frank Finley (Porthos) as the three musketeers). Liv Ullman's searing performance as Marianne in Ingmar Bergman's Scenes from a Marriage would have been nominated and had a good chance of winning Best Actress, but the film was declared ineligible because it had been shown in a six-part, 5-hour version on Swedish television prior to its theatrical release in a shortened version. Director Joseph Sargent's crime thriller The Taking of Pelham One Two Three, about a New York subway car hijacking by terrorists (led by Mr. Blue (Robert Shaw)) who were challenged by the Transit Authority's chief of security Lieutenant Zachary Garber (Walter Matthau), was completely snubbed by the Academy. Director Alan J. Pakula's excellent political thriller The Parallax View (with Warren Beatty as newspaper reporter Joseph Frady) was un-nominated in all categories, as was Robert Altman's 1930s-style crime film Thieves Like Us (with Keith Carradine as Bowie and Shelley Duvall as Keechie) and Terry Gilliam's Monty Python and the Holy Grail. Martin Scorsese's film Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore was overlooked in the Best Director and Best Picture categories. Best Picture-nominated films by Francis Ford Coppola had three deserving stars not included in the various acting categories as nominees: Gene Hackman as Harry Caul, a frustrated surveillance expert in Coppola's great mystery thriller The Conversation John Cazale as pitiable, tragic and traitorous Fredo Corleone, a black-sheep who betrayed his brother Michael (Al Pacino) ("I know it was you Fredo. You broke my heart"), in Coppola's great gangster sequel The Godfather, Part II Goldie Hawn was overlooked as Lou Jean Poplin in director Steven Spielberg's The Sugarland Express, a cross-country adventure film of a desperate couple's flight - it was Spielberg's first feature film. And Richard Dreyfuss was neglected in one of his earliest performances as aspiring Jew Duddy in The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz. Eddie Albert was bypassed for his role as Florida prison Warden Hazen in The Longest Yard. Gene Wilder (and other unrecognized cast members, such as Madeline Kahn, Teri Garr, Marty Feldman, Cloris Leachman and Kenneth Mars) was un-nominated as mad scientist Victor Frankenstein in Mel Brooks' Young Frankenstein (with only two unsuccessful nominations, for Best Adapted Screenplay (co-nominees Wilder and director Mel Brooks) and Best Sound). Recognition was sorely lacking for the film's set decoration (of Frankenstein 's 1931 castle), its B/W Cinematography, and its Director. Blazing Saddles (with only three unsuccessful nominations, for Best Film Editing, Best Song, and Best Supporting Actress-Madeline Kahn), another Brooks' film in the same year, also lacked a nomination for Gene Wilder, and for Cleavon Little, as well as recognition for its director.	The Godfather Part II
Which 1986 film had the tag-line Be afraid. Be very afraid.?	The Godfather Part II - Trailer - YouTube The Godfather Part II - Trailer Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Jun 1, 2012 This brilliant companion piece to the original The Godfather continues the saga of two generations of successive power within the Corleone family. Coppola tells two stories in Part II: the roots and rise of a young Don Vito, played with uncanny ability by Robert De Niro, and the ascension of Michael (Al Pacino) as the new Don. Reassembling many of the talents who helped make The Godfather, Coppola has produced a movie of staggering magnitude and vision, and undeniably the best sequel ever made. Robert De Niro won an Oscar®, the film received six Academy Awards, including Best Picture of 1974. License	i don't know
Who provided the voice of the genie in the 1992 animated film Aladdin?	Voice Compare: Aladdin - Genie \| Behind The Voice Actors Franchise: Aladdin In 1992 Walt Disney released an animated film called Aladdin that would become the most successful film for that year. One of the huge selling points was that Robin Williams would voice the Genie. Williams worked for SAG scale pay on condition that his name or image not be used for marketing, and the Genie wouldn't take more than 25% of space on any advertising artwork. Williams main reason for doing the role was gratitude for his success with the Disney/Touchstone film Good Morning, Vietnam. The studio however did not meet these requests and Williams and Disney had a falling-out. For Aladdin: The Return of Jafar in 1994, Genie was voiced by well known voice actor Dan Castellaneta who is perhaps best known as the voice of Homer Simpson. Castellaneta also provides the voice of Genie for the Aladdin TV series and the Kingdom Hearts video game series. When certain individuals were fired from Disney and new people were hired, it was a fresh start to fix the rift between Robin Williams and Disney. After a public apology Williams forgave Disney and agreed to reprise the role of Genie for the third film Aladdin and the King of Thieves. Dan Castellaneta who had previously recorded dialogue for the film had his work redone by Robin Williams. Genie of Aladdin will forever be a significant role that changed the voice acting business. The success of Aladdin was one of many films that eventually started a trend of famous Hollywood celebrities as the stars of an animated film rather than using performers with more experience in voice acting. With better potential box office success and good tools for marketing, the use of well known stars working in animation has greatly increased in the 21rst century. Whether you agree or not with this growing sensation where A-List celebrities are hired over more qualified voice actors for animated films probably originated from this character. Created by Jackson_H on Dec 2 2009 Special thanks to Music Meister for additional sound clips.	Robin Williams
What 1968 film features the characters Caractacus Potts and Truly Scrumptious?	Aladdin (1992 film) \| Wikicartoon \| Fandom powered by Wikia Aladdin was followed by two direct-to-video sequels: The Return of Jafar (1994) and Aladdin and the King of Thieves (1996), and an animated television series, Aladdin , set between the two sequels. Contents [ show ] Synopsis The story takes place in the mystical city of Agrabah, which is based mainly on the medieval city of Baghdad , the home of the 1001 Arabian Nights , though it also contains some elements of Indian culture and there are some inconsistencies in the time period. The sultan (who is never given a name) of Agrabah, is secretly being controlled by his grand vizier , Jafar . Jafar, who is also a sorcerer , wants to be the sultan himself and rule Agrabah; to further his goals he has spent years searching for the Cave of Wonders, so he can harness the power of the Genie of the Lamp found within. However, Jafar discovers that only one person, a metaphorical "Diamond in the Rough", can enter the cave. The sultan, meanwhile, is having problems with finding a prince for his daughter, Princess Jasmine, to marry and Jafar convinces the sultan, by mesmerizing him with his magical staff, that he (Jafar) needs the sultan's ring to find Jasmine a husband. Jafar actually needs the ring to discover the identity of the "Diamond in the Rough." Jasmine, who does not want to be married off, decides to run away disguised as a peasant girl. In the anarchy of the streets, she is saved by a street urchin named Aladdin, though she doesn't learn his name. Meanwhile, Jafar discovers that Aladdin is the "Diamond in the Rough", and he sends palace guards to apprehend him. When Jasmine asks what happened to her savior, Jafar lies to her, falsely reporting that Aladdin had been executed for " kidnapping the princess." Later, Jafar, disguised as an old man, sneaks Aladdin to freedom and takes him to the Cave of Wonders. Jafar tells Aladdin that if he brings back the lamp, he will be rewarded. The Cave admits Aladdin entrance, but only if he touches nothing more than the lamp. Inside the Cave, Aladdin successfully finds the lamp, but his pet monkey , Abu, loses control and attempts to take a jewel, causing the cave to come alive and attempt to trap them inside. Aladdin and Abu manage to escape with the aid of a flying carpet (appropriately named "Carpet"). Upon his escape, he hands Jafar the lamp, and Jafar decides to give him his "eternal reward", preparing to attack with his dagger. Abu saves Aladdin by biting Jafar's arm, and Abu and Aladdin fall back into the cave as it closes. Aladdin, Abu, and Carpet are all trapped inside the Cave of Wonders. Jafar discovers, to his dismay, that Abu got the lamp from him before they disappeared. Aladdin discovers that the lamp is home to an eccentric genie, who will grant him any three wishes, excluding wishes to force a person to fall in love, to kill someone, to bring someone back from the dead, or to give his master extra wishes, or himself duplicated. Aladdin tricks the genie into getting them out of the cave, without technically wishing for him to do so. Once out of the cave, Aladdin gets to know his genie, and asks him what he would wish for if he had the chance; the genie says he'd wish for freedom, but that can only be granted if his master is benevolent enough to free him with a wish. Aladdin promises to set the genie free with his last wish. Aladdin, who has fallen in love with Princess Jasmine, is disappointed that he can't wish to make her fall in love with him. However, the law states that only a prince can marry a princess, so he wishes to become a prince. Meanwhile Jafar, who is worried that the princess might have him beheaded after choosing a husband as punishment for supposedly having Aladdin executed, comes up with the idea to convince the sultan to let him become her husband. He later tries to mesmerise the sultan into granting this request with his staff, but is interrupted when the sultan is startled by the noise from Aladdin's approaching consort. File:Palace city.png As "Prince Ali Ababwa", Aladdin returns to Agrabah and, although offending Jasmine by appearing as another typical rich and self-important prince, eventually wins Jasmine's love by taking her on a romantic ride on the flying carpet. Afterwards, Jasmine tricks Aladdin into admitting he's the street urchin she met in the marketplace . Aladdin however, wants to naturally impress her, so he deceives her by telling her that he really is a prince and had just pretended be a commoner in order to escape the restrictions of palace life. Jafar, who is afraid that "Prince Aboubou", as he incorrectly calls him, may win Princess Jasimine over, ruining his own plans to marry her, wants Aladdin out of the way. He orders the guards to shackle and gag Aladdin. He tells him that he's "worn out his welcome," and a guard hits Aladdin over the head, knocking him unconscious. He comes to when the guards drop him over a cliff into the sea. They have attached a ball-and-chain, so he sinks very quickly. He hits the bottom, and his turban floats down. The lamp tumbles out and he begins to struggle towards it, but passes out before he can reach it. Unconscious, he slides down towards the lamp, and rolls over, causing it to rub against his fingers. The genie appears, and saves Aladdin, using up his second wish. Aladdin and the genie return to the palace and Aladdin confronts Jafar over trying to have him killed. Jafar uses his staff to try to convince the sultan that Aladdin is lying, but Aladdin, seeing what he is doing, grabs the staff and shatters it. He then shows the sultan that Jafar has been controlling him and plotting against him. The sultan calls for the guards to arrest Jafar, but he manages to escape, and, before doing so, sees the lamp in Aladdin's possession, recognising him as the "Diamond in the Rough". The sultan is convinced that his troubles are over as Jasmine has finally chosen a suitor. All seems well, but the weight of his future responsibilities begins to distress Aladdin. He begins to consider reneging on his promise to free Genie, which severely offends him. Chastened, Aladdin decides to tell Jasmine the whole truth of the matter. Unfortunately, Aladdin leaves the lamp in his chamber and Jafar sends his parrot Iago , to steal it. Lamp in hand, Jafar becomes Genie's next master, and wishes to become sultan. When the former sultan and Jasmine refuse to bow to him, he wishes to be the most powerful sorcerer in the world. With his new powers, Jafar forces them to bow to him. Jafar then uses his magic to reveal that "Prince Ali" is merely the street rat Aladdin and he sends Aladdin to "the ends of the earth", in one of the palace towers. "The ends of the earth" appears to be Antarctica , or the Arctic or perhaps the Himalaya . Aladdin flies back to Agrabah on the flying carpet, with the intent of reclaiming the lamp. Meanwhile Jafar, who is angry that Jasmine does not wish to become his queen, makes a wish for the genie to cause her to fall in love with him. The genie tries to tell him that he cannot grant that wish, but Jafar does not listen. Jasimine, who sees Aladdin sneaking into the palace, pretends that the wish has taken effect, much to the genie's surprise, in order to distract Jafar. Jafar, however, sees Aladdin's reflection in Jasimine's crown and confronts him before he can reach the lamp. Jafar uses magic to imprison or transfigure all the good characters other than Aladdin himself so they cannot steal the lamp back. Jafar eventually turns himself into a giant cobra and fights Aladdin. When Aladdin appears to be defeated, Jafar tells Aladdin he was a fool for thinking he could defeat "the most powerful being on earth". Aladdin reminds Jafar he is not the most powerful being on earth, and that that honor belongs to the genie, since he gave Jafar his power in the first place. Jafar decides to use his final wish to become the most powerful genie in the world. Jafar is at first convinced that his new powers will allow him to rule the universe , but he realizes too late that Aladdin tricked him, since as a genie Jafar is no longer free. Jafar, along with Iago, are imprisoned in his own lamp and Genie sends them to the Cave of Wonders. Of course, Aladdin is no now longer a prince and is not elegible to marry Jasmine. The genie insists that Aladdin use his final wish to make himself a prince again, but nevertheless, he keeps his promise and wishes the genie free. When all seems lost for Aladdin and Jasmine, the sultan decides that, between his loyalty to his genie and his courage in defeating Jafar, Aladdin has proven his worth; the sultan therefore changes the law so that "the princess shall marry anyone she deems worthy" meaning Aladdin and Jasmine can be married. The genie flies away to see the world while the happy couple begin their new life together. Voice cast The Merchant Controversy One of the verses of the opening song "Arabian Nights" was censored because of political sensitivity. Following protests from the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee , (ADC) the lyrics were changed in July 1993 from "Where they cut off your ear if they don't like your face/It's barbaric, but, hey, it's home," in the original release to "Where it's flat and immense and the heat is intense/It's barbaric, but, hey, it's home." The new change was seen on the 1993 video release of this title. The original lyric was intact on the initial CD soundtrack release that predated the movie's theatrical release and subsequent protests. The soundtrack was re-released at the time of the DVD release of the film; on the re-released soundtrack, the edited lyric is used. It is rumored that during a scene in the film, Aladdin whispers "good teenagers, take off your clothes." According to Snopes , Aladdin actually says "good kitty" to Rajah the tiger, only to have a second voice say "take off your clo...." This dialogue is edited in the DVD version, lessening the chance of misunderstanding. Other Disney films have alleged subtle sexual references. Trivia Seven different video games based on the movie were produced. Each one released for the Sega Genesis , Sega Game Gear , Super NES (later ported to the Game Boy Advance ), Game Boy , Game Boy Color , and Sony PlayStation . Robin Williams , the voice of the Genie, also voiced the Merchant. This is because the Merchant was originally supposed to return at the end, revealing that he himself was at one time the Genie but had transformed into a human, but this was changed and the Merchant reappeared during the ending of Aladdin and the King of Thieves . The genie's appearance is similar to that of the genie in the 1940 movie The Thief of Bagdad . This film also featured an evil vizier named Jafar, and a (human) sidekick to the main character named Abu. The movie was also featured in the video game Kingdom Hearts , mirroring the plot of the movie loosely, but was cut down and altered to fit the game. In Agrabah, Aladdin teams up with Sora to fight off the Heartless invading his home. Princess Jasmine was kidnapped by Jafar and the Heartless, as she was revealed to be one of the Princesses of Heart. Once the Keyhole was seal, Genie joins up with Sora as a summon. A facsimile of Agrabah was also used for Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories for the Gameboy Advance . The world returns for Kingdom Hearts II , although the story involves more elements from The Return of Jafar . Some of the original songs before the story was rewritten and half of the characters were cut: "Proud of Your Boy" (suppose to be sung by Aladdin to his mother [who was later removed from the story] while she was sleeping) "Call Me A Princess" "Omar, Babkak, Aladdin, Kassim" "Humiliate The Boy" (sung by Jafar, cut as it was considered too cruel for the film) "High Adventure" "Count on Me" (which was something Aladdin sung to his friends and family, which was changed to "A Whole New World". Rough versions of "High Adventure" and "Proud of Your Boy" can be found in the Special Edition Soundtrack. Vocal doubles were used for the singing voices of the three major characters—Brad Kane for Scott Weinger (Aladdin), Lea Salonga for Linda Larkin (Jasmine), and Bruce Adler for Robin Williams (The Merchant), although Williams did do his own singing voice for the Genie. In 2003, Disney's California Adventure opened "Aladdin--A Musical Spectacular," a stage show based on the movie. The show has been quite popular due to the fact that while roughly 90% of it is scripted, the dialogue of the Genie constantly changes to reflect popular culture of the time. The show also carries an additional song by Jasmine that was cut from the movie "To Be Free." See also	i don't know
What was the first film that Alfred Hitchcock made in Hollywood and the only one that won a Best Picture Oscar?	Oscar Scandals: Hitchcock Never Won the Oscar \| Emanuel Levy Oscar Scandals: Hitchcock Never Won the Oscar March 30, 2010 by EmanuelLevy Leave a Comment Judging by the scarcity of nominations, suspense films, like action?adventures, are more appreciated by filmgoers than the Academy voters. For some reason, well?made thrillers are perceived in the industry as a disreputable product of sheer craftsmanship rather than genuine film art. In the Academy’s entire history, only three thrillers, Alfred Hitchcock’s “Rebecca” (1940), Jonathan Demme’s “The Silence of the Lambs” (1991), and last year’s Joel and Ethan Coen’s “No Country for Old Men” (2007) have won the Best Picture Oscar. Rebecca (1940) Based on Daphne du Maurier’s popular novel, Rebecca was Hitchcock’s first American movie, in which he cast Laurence Olivier and Joan Fontaine in the starring roles. The film is distinguished by an exquisite cinematography (George Barnes won an Oscar), and great ensemble acting, headed by Judith Anderson, as the malevolent housekeeper, in one of her most memorable portrayals. In 1940, “Rebecca” competed against another Hitchcock film, Foreign Correspondent, which deals with espionage in Europe. The film was interpreted by some as an endorsement of the American involvement in the war, because its producer, Walter Wanger, was known for his antifascist views. Both Rebecca and Foreign Correspondent were popular with the public; Rebecca grossed in rentals the then phenomenal 1.5 million dollars. Demme began his career directing exploitation films for Roger Corman, but, aware of the genre’s dishonor, he gave The Silence of the Lambs the treatment of an A-Grade art film. Based on Thomas Harris’s best?seller, the suspenseful and gruesome thriller centers on the battle of nerves between an FBI trainee named Clarice (Jodie Foster) and a diabolical psychiatrist turned cannibal, who becomes Clarice’s sparring partner, in her efforts to hunt down a serial killer. The acting of the two stars is superb. Anthony Hopkins almost made a likable hero of out of Hannibal Lecter’s sadistic, unruly demon. As Clarice, Foster embodies the gentleness of an initially naive county girl who becomes susceptible to Hannibal’s advances. For some viewers, the movie was too creepy and disconcerting in its hints of romantic attraction between Hannibal and Clarice. Conservative moviegoers were outraged by the picture. First Lady Barbara Bush stormed out of the theater, protesting, “I didn’t come to a movie to see people’s skin being taken off.” Then gay activists threatened to disrupt the Oscar show as a protest against Hollywood’s representations of homosexuals in The Silence of the Lambs, as well as in Oliver Stone’s JFK (also Best Picture nominee that year) and the Sharon Stone psycho-thriller, Basic Instinct, which was released during the 1992 nomination period. “The Silence of the Lambs” swept all five major Oscars: Picture, Director, Actor, Actress, and Adapted Screenplay. Only two other films in the Academy’s history have been recognized in all top five categories: It Happened One Night in 1934, and One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest in 1975. With the exception of Demme and the Coen brothers, no filmmaker has ever won a directorial Oscar for a thriller, including Hitchcock, the genre’s acknowledged master. Hitchcock was nominated five times: for “Rebecca,” “Lifeboat” (1944), “Spellbound” (1945), “Rear Window” (1954), and “Psycho” (1960), one of his last undisputed successes. (See analysis below) Four Hitchcock films were nominated for Best Picture, the aforementioned “Rebecca” and “Foreign Correspondent,” “Suspicion,” and “Spellbound.” Failing to give Hitchcock a legitimate Oscar, the Academy compensated Hitchcock with a 1968 Honorary Oscar. No wonder, the master was cynical in his views of the Oscar, telling a reporter he wasn’t disappointed, because, “Why do I want another doorstop?”	Rebecca
Which actor provides the voice for Rocky in the film Chicken Run?	Alfred Hitchcock \| Alfred Hitchcock and David O. Selznick Collaborations \| American Masters \| PBS Alfred Hitchcock and David O. Selznick Collaborations Alfred Hitchcock and David O. Selznick Collaborations January 10, 2001 Comments On December 10, 1938, David O. Selznick burned down Atlanta. On the back of his Culver City studio, Selznick had begun filming what would be his and Hollywood’s greatest triumph, GONE WITH THE WIND. Selznick was just thirty-six years old and already a legend. He had run a major studio before the age of thirty and created his own studio by the time he was thirty-three. With a harsh and controlling demeanor, he dominated every film he made. In a town of Mayers, Zanucks, and Goldwyns, David Selznick was king. But one of his most lasting contributions would have nothing to do with his grand, southern epic. Instead, it would be bringing to America a rotund, quiet director who was the shining star of British cinema. In the summer of 1939, David Selznick brought Alfred Hitchcock to Hollywood. David Oliver Selznick was born into a wealthy Pennsylvania family in 1902. His father Lewis J. Selznick was a successful film producer, and David studied the industry from his early years. As a young man he worked for his father, moving to Hollywood and MGM in 1926. With a voracious appetite for success he worked his way from the bottom of Hollywood to the top—moving from MGM, where he was a story editor and associate producer, to Paramount as an associate director, to RKO as vice president of production, and back to MGM. Returning to MGM he played a crucial part of the production of a number of major films including George Cukor’s DAVID COPPERFIELD and DINNER AT EIGHT. Selznick longed for his independence and in 1936 formed Selznick International. Within three years he had secured his place among the elite of Hollywood with the production of one of its greatest films, GONE WITH THE WIND. While finishing the film, Selznick hired an English director who was looking to make a go of it in Hollywood. Alfred Hitchcock was born in 1899 to a middle-class London family. In 1914 he found a job with the Famous Players—Lasky Corporation as a title card designer, beginning his long career in the film industry. Within a few years he had moved up in the company to directing films. Working with the Lasky Corporation in Berlin, Hitchcock made his first two pictures. A few years later Hitchcock made the film he would note as the beginning of his career. THE LODGER (1926), a retelling of the story of Jack the Ripper, began a string of suspense films that would bring him to the top of the English cinema. Among the other well-known films of his English period were BLACKMAIL (1929), THE MAN WHO KNEW TOO MUCH (1934), and THE THIRTY-NINE STEPS (1935). The English cinema had little money, and Hitchcock longed to be in Hollywood, where the world’s best films were being made. For Hitchcock, being a director meant being the primary creative source for the film—working on everything from the script to the props. In Hollywood, however, the power of the studios put producers in charge. For the Hollywood of the 1930s, screenwriters and directors were interchangeable technicians, not given serious consideration in the artistic decisions of the film. More than any other producer, Selznick took advantage of this and controlled nearly every aspect of his movies. Not surprisingly, Hitchcock and Selznick had difficulties from the very first film they made, REBECCA (1940). Disagreements began with Hitchcock’s adaptation of Daphne du Maurier’s novel and lasted through the film’s completion. For the final scene, Selznick wanted smoke to form the shape of an “R” in the sky. Hitchcock was appalled. He suggested a subtler metaphor: the memory of Rebecca should go up in flames with an “R” embroidered on a bed pillow. Hitchcock won, but he felt battered by Selznick and resented his producer’s complete command of post-production. The two didn’t work together again until 1945, with their hit SPELLBOUND. Though Hitchcock had more experience and notoriety in Hollywood by this time, his relationship with Selznick remained a struggle. Both men had different ways of making movies, and both believed they deserved control of the picture. In the end, Selznick won, but it would be the last time. Earning both men Oscars, SPELLBOUND marked a change in Hitchcock’s career and in the future of Hollywood. Nearing the end of his contract with Selznick, Hitchcock had become a major force in the movie industry. Hitchcock’s notoriety and his ability to independently create successful films of substance signaled, for many, the rise of the director and the decline of the producer. Though the studios and producers would remain, after Hitchcock it would be the director whose artistic vision mattered. With Hitchcock’s career just beginning and Selznick’s on the decline, the final year of their collaboration would mark turning points in both men’s lives. In 1946 Selznick was deeply enmeshed in his epic film DUEL IN THE SUN and Hitchcock was working independently on NOTORIOUS. When both films were released, each man’s future seemed clear. NOTORIOUS was a masterpiece, and one in which Hitchcock had finally been given full control, and DUEL IN THE SUN was a flop, nearly bankrupting Selznick. Contractually obliged to finish one more film with Selznick, an uninspired Hitchcock worked on THE PARADINE CASE (1948), after which both men went their separate ways. For Selznick there was to be only a few more films. By the time of his death in 1965, Alfred Hitchcock had made dozens of movies including ROPE (1948), DIAL M FOR MURDER (1954) VERTIGO (1957), PSYCHO (1960), and THE BIRDS (1963), becoming one of the greatest filmmakers of all time. After their collaboration, the movie industry would never be the same—not for Selznick, not for Hitchcock, not for anyone.	i don't know
When Walt Disney's seven dwarfs went off to work in the mines, what were they looking for?	Seven Dwarfs Mine Train \| Walt Disney World Resort We are unable to update your Wish List item at this time. Seven Dwarfs Mine Train Must Transfer from Wheelchair/ECV Rider Switch Rider switch offered. More Information Beginning of tooltip content This attraction offers rider switch, which allows 2 or more adults to take turns waiting with children who are too small to ride, without the need to wait in line twice. Please ask a Cast Member at the attraction entrance for assistance. End of tooltip content Guest Policies Expectant mothers should not ride. Supervise children at all times. Children under age 7 years must be accompanied by a person age 14 years or older. Race through the diamond mine from Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs on a swaying family coaster. Rock Around Like Never Before Whistle a cheery “Heigh-Ho” and relive some of the magic from Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs aboard a speeding mine cart. Follow a winding path through the Enchanted Forest and make your way inside the rocky tunnel of an age-old mountain. Hop into a rustic mine train—hewn together with wood and metal bands—and wind your way up a steep hill. Fun, In Full Swing At the summit, feel the wind race across your face as your cart navigates hairpin turns around the mountain, through a verdant countryside and deep into a mine shaft—your cart teetering back and forth during the ride. Soon, the dark begins to sparkle as you happen upon a familiar site: the Seven Dwarfs hard at work, whistling and singing while collecting diamonds, rubies and other colorful jewels. Careen into the cavern and climb skyward through an opening to the outside world. At the top, soak up an inspiring view of Fantasyland before racing back down to the foot of the mountain. Moments later, pass behind a waterfall and peek inside a cozy cottage where Snow White and her Dwarf friends dance in merriment, just as your rocking ride comes to an end. Help Doc in the Interactive Queue Before embarking on your mine train adventure, wash and sort newly discovered jewels while you wait in line. Hands-on experiences—with notes prepared by Doc—include: Jewel Sorting As jewels float by in a wooden “touch-screen” trough, touch and drag them into a tray, based on size and shape. Jewel Washing After the jewels are sorted, grab ahold of a musical water spigot and start cleaning. Each spigot plays its own melody—heed Doc’s tips and you may hear a collection of familiar tunes! The Vault Beyond the door of the mountain, find a collection of wooden barrels overflowing with glowing stones. Turn each barrel to see the ceiling above you transformed! Hours 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM Map	Diamond
In which year was the film studio Paramount opened?	Photos, Videos Capture Your Seven Dwarfs Mine Train Ride at Walt Disney World Resort \| Disney Parks Blog Photos, Videos Capture Your Seven Dwarfs Mine Train Ride at Walt Disney World Resort by Kelly Glassburn , Manager of Marketing & Communications, Disney’s PhotoPass Service “Heigh-ho, Heigh-ho, it’s off to work we go!” That song brings up such great memories from my childhood favorite, “ Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs .” We’ve been busy working on top-secret enhancements to the Disney PhotoPass Service and the Memory Maker product, and we’re excited to announce a new “gem” today. What would you say if I told you that you could take home a special gem that would have you reliving all the fun and excitement of your moments aboard the Seven Dwarfs Mine Train attraction … your race through the diamond mine as you whisked across the rolling stone bridges, through diamond pass and into the forest to the Dwarfs’ cottage? Just released today, we are excited to add a photo and video memento at Seven Dwarfs Mine Train. Now, when you ride the attraction with a MagicBand and a linked Memory Maker entitlement you will have your photo and video automatically associated to your My Disney Experience account. You’ll also be able to view, download and share the photo and video of your Family & Friends Connections and Managed Guests who also experienced Seven Dwarfs Mine Train while wearing a MagicBand. So, hop aboard Seven Dwarfs Mine Train with fellow miners and begin collecting your magical memories with your MagicBand and Memory Maker.	i don't know
James Earl Ray was responsible for who's death in 1968?	Martin Luther King Assassination Conspiracy Exposed in Memphis by Jim Douglass Judge Joe Brown , who had presided over two years of hearings on the rifle, testified that “ 67% of the bullets from my tests did not match the Ray rifle .” He added that the unfired bullets found wrapped with it in a blanket were metallurgically different from the bullet taken from King’s body , and therefore were from a different lot of ammunition. And because the rifle’s scope had not been sited, Brown said, “ this weapon literally could not have hit the broadside of a barn .” Holding up the 30.06 Remington 760 Gamemaster rifle, Judge Brown told the jury, “ It is my opinion that this is not the murder weapon .” Circuit Court Judge Arthur Hanes Jr . of Birmingham, Alabama, had been Ray’s attorney in 1968. (On the eve of his trial, Ray replaced Hanes and his father, Arthur Hanes Sr., by Percy Foreman, a decision Ray told the Haneses one week later was the biggest mistake of his life .) Hanes testified that in the summer of 1968 he interviewed Guy Canipe, owner of the Canipe Amusement Company. Canipe was a witness to the dropping in his doorway of a bundle that held a trove of James Earl Ray memorabilia, including the rifle, unfired bullets, and a radio with Ray’s prison identification number on it. This dropped bundle, heaven (or otherwise) sent for the State’s case against Ray, can be accepted as credible evidence through a willing suspension of disbelief. As Judge Hanes summarized the State’s lone-assassin theory (with reference to an exhibit depicting the scene), “James Earl Ray had fired the shot from the bathroom on that second floor, come down that hallway into his room and carefully packed that box, tied it up, then had proceeded across the walkway the length of the building to the back where that stair from that door came up, had come down the stairs out the door, placed the Browning box containing the rifle and the radio there in the Canipe entryway .” Then Ray presumably got in his car seconds before the police’s arrival, driving from downtown Memphis to Atlanta unchallenged in his white Mustang. Concerning his interview with the witness who was the cornerstone of this theory, Judge Hanes told the jury that Guy Canipe (now deceased) provided “terrific evidence”: “He said that the package was dropped in his doorway by a man headed south down Main Street on foot, and that this happened at about ten minutes before the shot was fired [emphasis added].” Hanes thought Canipe’s witnessing the bundle-dropping ten minutes before the shot was very credible for another reason. It so happened (as confirmed by Philip Melanson’s research) that at 6:00 p.m. one of the MPD tactical units that had been withdrawn earlier by Inspector Evans, TACT 10, had returned briefly to the area with its 16 officers for a rest break at Fire Station 2. Thus, as Hanes testified, with the firehouse brimming with police, some already watching King across the street, “when they saw Dr. King go down, the fire house erupted like a beehive . . . In addition to the time involved [in Ray’s presumed odyssey from the bathroom to the car], it was circumstantially almost impossible to believe that somebody had been able to throw that [rifle] down and leaave right in the face of that erupting fire station.” When I spoke with Judge Hanes after the trial about the startling evidence he had received from Canipe, he commented, “That’s what I’ve been saying for 30 years.” William Hamblin testified not about the rifle thrown down in the Canipe doorway but rather the smoking rifle Loyd Jowers said he received at his back door from Earl Clark right after the shooting. Hamblin recounted a story he was told many times by his friend James McCraw, who had died. James McCraw is already well-known to researchers as the taxi driver who arrived at the rooming house to pick up Charlie Stephens shortly before 6:00 p.m. on April 4. In a deposition read earlier to the jury, McCraw said he found Stephens in his room lying on his bed too drunk to get up, so McCraw turned out the light and left without him – minutes before Stephens, according to the State, identified Ray in profile passing down the hall from the bathroom. McCraw also said the bathroom door next to Stephen’s room was standing wide open, and there was no one in the bathroom – where again, according to the State, Ray was then balancing on the tub, about to squeeze the trigger. William Hamblin told the jury that he and fellow cab-driver McCraw were close friends for about 25 years. Hamblin said he probably heard McCraw tell the same rifle story 50 times , but only when McCraw had been drinking and had his defenses down. In that story, McCraw said that Loyd Jowers had given him the rifle right after the shooting. According to Hamblin, “Jowers told him to get the [rifle] and get it out of here now. [McCraw] said that he grabbed his beer and snatched it out. He had the rifle rolled up in an oil cloth, and he leapt out the door and did away with it.” McCraw told Hamblin he threw the rifle off a bridge into the Mississippi River . Hamblin said McCraw never revealed publicly what he knew of the rifle because, like Jowers, he was afraid of being indicted: “He really wanted to come out with it, but he was involved in it. And he couldn’t really tell the truth.” William Pepper accepted Hamblin’s testimony about McCraw’s disposal of the rifle over Jowers’s claim to Dexter King that he gave the rifle to Raul. Pepper said in his closing argument that the actual murder weapon had been lying “ at the bottom of the Mississippi River for over thirty-one years .” Raul One of the most significant developments in the Memphis trial was the emergence of the mysterious Raul through the testimony of a series of witnesses. In a 1995 deposition by James Earl Ray that was read to the jury, Ray told of meeting Raul in Montreal in the summer of 1967 , three months after Ray had escaped from a Missouri prison. According to Ray, Raul guided Ray’s movements, gave him money for the Mustang car and the rifle, and used both to set him up in Memphis. Andrew Young and Dexter King described their meeting with Jowers and Pepper at which Pepper had shown Jowers a spread of photographs, and Jowers picked out one as the person named Raul who brought him the rifle to hold at Jim’s Grill. Pepper displayed the same spread of photos in court, and Young and King pointed out the photo Jowers had identified as Raul. (Private investigator John Billings said in separate testimony that this picture was a passport photograph from 1961 , when Raul had immigrated from Portugal to the U.S.) The additional witnesses who identified the photo as Raul’s included: British merchant seaman Sidney Carthew , who in a videotaped deposition from England said he had met Raul ( who offered to sell him guns ) and a man he thinks was Ray (who wanted to be smuggled onto his ship) in Montreal in the summer of 1967; Glenda and Roy Grabow , who recognized Raul as a gunrunner they knew in Houston in the ‘60s and ‘70s and who told Glenda in a rage that he had killed Martin Luther King; Royce Wilburn , Glenda’s brother, who also knew Raul in Houston; and British television producer Jack Saltman , who had obtained the passport photo and showed it to Ray in prison, who identified it as the photo of the person who had guided him. Saltman and Pepper, working on independent investigations, located Raul in 1995. He was living quietly with his family in the northeastern U.S. It was there in 1997 that journalist Barbara Reis of the Lisbon Publico, working on a story about Raul, spoke with a member of his family. Reis testified that she had spoken in Portuguese to a woman in Raul’s family who, after first denying any connection to Ray’s Raul, said “they” had visited them. “Who?” Reis asked. “ The government ,” said the woman. She said government agents had visited them three times over a three-year period. The government, she said, was watching over them and monitoring their phone calls. The woman took comfort and satisfaction in the fact that her family (so she believed) was being protected by the government . In his closing argument Pepper said of Raul: “ Now, as I understand it, the defense had invited Raul to appear here . He is outside this jurisdiction, so a subpoena would be futile. But he was asked to appear here. In earlier proceedings there were attempts to depose him, and he resisted them. So he has not attempted to come forward at all and tell his side of the story or to defend himself.” A broader conspiracy Carthel Weeden , captain of Fire Station 2 in 1968, testified that he was on duty the morning of April 4 when two U.S. Army officers approached him. The officers said they wanted a lookout for the Lorraine Motel. Weeden said they carried briefcases and indicated they had cameras . Weeden showed the officers to the roof of the fire station. He left them at the edge of its northeast corner behind a parapet wall . From there the Army officers had a bird’s-eye view of Dr. King’s balcony doorway and could also look down on the brushy area adjacent to the fire station. The testimony of writer Douglas Valentine filled in the background of the men Carthel Weeden had taken up to the roof of Fire Station 2. While Valentine was researching his book The Phoenix Program (1990), on the CIA’s notorious counterintelligence program against Vietnamese villagers, he talked with veterans in military intelligence who had been re-deployed from the Vietnam War to the sixties antiwar movement . They told him that in 1968 the Army’s 111th Military Intelligence Group kept Martin Luther King under 24-hour-a-day surveillance . Its agents were in Memphis April 4. As Valentine wrote in The Phoenix Program, they “reportedly watched and took photos while King’s assassin moved into position, took aim, fired, and walked away.” Testimony which juror David Morphy later described as “awesome” was that of former CIA operative Jack Terrell , a whistle-blower in the Iran-Contra scandal. Terrell, who was dying of liver cancer in Florida, testified by videotape that his close friend J.D. Hill had confessed to him that he had been a member of an Army sniper team in Memphis assigned to shoot “an unknown target” on April 4 . After training for a triangular shooting, the snipers were on their way into Memphis to take up positions in a watertower and two buildings when their mission was suddenly cancelled. Hill said he realized, when he learned of King’s assassination the next day, that the team must have been part of a contingency plan to kill King if another shooter failed . Terrell said J.D. Hill was shot to death . His wife was charged with shooting Hill (in response to his drinking), but she was not indicted. From the details of Hill’s death, Terrell thought the story about Hill’s wife shooting him was a cover, and that his friend had been assassinated . In an interview, Terrell said the CIA’s heavy censorship of his book Disposable Patriot (1992) included changing the paragraph on J.D. Hill’s death, so that it read as if Terrell thought Hill’s wife was responsible. Cover-up Walter Fauntroy , Dr. King’s colleague and a 20-year member of Congress, chaired the subcommittee of the 1976-78 House Select Committee on Assassinations that investigated King’s assassination. Fauntroy testified in Memphis that in the course of the HSCA investigation “ it was apparent that we were dealing with very sophisticated forces .” He discovered electronic bugs on his phone and TV set. When Richard Sprague, HSCA’s first chief investigator, said he would make available all CIA, FBI, and military intelligence records, he became a focus of controversy . Sprague was forced to resign. His successor made no demands on U.S. intelligence agencies. Such pressures contributed to the subcommittee’s ending its investigation, as Fauntroy said, “ without having thoroughly investigated all of the evidence that was apparent .” Its formal conclusion was that Ray assassinated King, that he probably had help, and that the government was not involved. When I interviewed Fauntroy in a van on his way back to the Memphis Airport, I asked about the implications of his statements in an April 4, 1997 Atlanta Constitution article. The article said Fauntroy now believed “Ray did not fire the shot that killed King and was part of a larger conspiracy that possibly involved federal law enforcement agencies,” and added: “Fauntroy said he kept silent about his suspicions because of fear for himself and his family.” Fauntroy told me that when he left Congress in 1991 he had the opportunity to read through his files on the King assassination, including raw materials that he’d never seen before. Among them was information from J. Edgar Hoover’s logs. There he learned that in the three weeks before King’s murder the FBI chief held a series of meetings with “persons involved with the CIA and military intelligence in the Phoenix operation in Southeast Asia.” Why? Fauntroy also discovered there had been Green Berets and military intelligence agents in Memphis when King was killed. “What were they doing there?” he asked. When Fauntroy had talked about his decision to write a book about what he’d “uncovered since the assassination committee closed down,” he was promptly investigated and charged by the Justice Department with having violated his financial reports as a member of Congress. His lawyer told him that he could not understand why the Justice Department would bring up a charge on the technicality of one misdated check. Fauntroy said he interpreted the Justice Department’s action to mean: “Look, we’ll get you on something if you continue this way. . . . I just thought: I’ll tell them I won’t go and finish the book, because it’s surely not worth it.” At the conclusion of his trial testimony, Fauntroy also spoke about his fear of an FBI attempt to kill James Earl Ray when he escaped from Tennessee’s Brushy Mountain State Penitentiary in June 1977 . Congressman Fauntroy had heard reports about an FBI SWAT team having been sent into the area around the prison to shoot Ray and prevent his testifying at the HSCA hearings. Fauntroy asked HSCA chair Louis Stokes to alert Tennesssee Governor Ray Blanton to the danger to the HSCA’s star witness and Blanton’s most famous prisoner. When Stokes did, Blanton called off the FBI SWAT team, Ray was caught safely by local authorities, and in Fauntroy’s words, “we all breathed a sigh of relief.” The Memphis jury also learned how a 1993-98 Tennessee State investigation into the King assassination was, if not a cover-up, then an inquiry noteworthy for its lack of witnesses. Lewis Garrison had subpoenaed the head of the investigation, Mark Glankler , in an effort to discover evidence helpful to Jowers’s defense. William Pepper then cross-examined Glankler on the witnesses he had interviewed in his investigation : Q. (BY MR. PEPPER) Mr. Glankler, did you interview Mr. Maynard Stiles , whose testifying – A. I know the name, Counselor, but I don’t think I took a statement from Maynard Stiles or interviewed him. I don’t think I did. Q. Did you ever interview Mr. Floyd Newsum ? A. Can you help me with what he does? Q. Yes. He was a black fireman who was assigned to Station Number 2. A. I don’t recall the name, Counsel. Q. All right. Ever interview Mr. Norville Wallace ? A. I don’t recall that name offhand either. Q. Ever interview Captain Jerry Williams ? A. Fireman also? Q. Jerry Williams was a policeman. He was a homicide detective. A. No, sir, I don’t – I really don’t recall that name. Q. Fair enough. Did you ever interview Mr. Charles Hurley , a private citizen? A. Does he have a wife named Peggy? Q. Yes. Q. Did you interview a Mr. Leon Cohen ? A. I just don’t recall without – Q. Did you ever interview Mr. James McCraw ? A. I believe we did. He talks with a device? Q. Yes, the voice box.. A. Yes, okay. I believe we did talk to him, yes, sir. Q. How about Mrs. Olivia Catling , who has testified – A. I’m sorry, the last name again. Q. Catling, C A T L I N G. A. No, sir, that name doesn’t – Q. Did you ever interview Ambassador Andrew Young ? A. No, sir. Q. Did you ever interview Judge Arthur Haynes ? A. No, sir. So it goes – downhill. The above is Glankler’s high-water mark: He got two out of the first ten (if one counts Charles and Peggy Hurley as a yes). Pepper questioned Glankler about 25 key witnesses. The jury was familiar with all of them from prior testimony in the trial. Glankler could recall his office interviewing a total of three. At the twenty-fifth-named witness, Earl Caldwell, Pepper finally let Glankler go: Q. Did you ever interview a former New York Times journalist, a New York Daily News correspondent named Earl Caldwell ? A. Earl Caldwell? Not that I recall. Q. You never interviewed him in the course of your investigation? A. I just don’t recall that name. MR. PEPPER: I have no further comments about this investigation – no further questions for this investigator. Pepper went a step beyond saying government agencies were responsible for the assassination. To whom in turn were those murderous agencies responsible? Not so much to government officials per se, Pepper asserted, as to the economic powerholders they represented who stood in the even deeper shadows behind the FBI, Army Intelligence, and their affiliates in covert action. By 1968, Pepper told the jury, “And today it is much worse in my view” – “the decision-making processes in the United States were the representatives, the footsoldiers of the very economic interests that were going to suffer as a result of these times of changes [being activated by King].” To say that U.S. government agencies killed Martin Luther King on the verge of the Poor People’s Campaign is a way into the deeper truth that the economic powers that be (which dictate the policies of those agencies) killed him. In the Memphis prelude to the Washington campaign, King posed a threat to those powers of a non-violent revolutionary force. Just how determined they were to stop him before he reached Washington was revealed in the trial by the size and complexity of the plot to kill him. The vision behind the trial In his sprawling, brilliant work that underlies the trial, Orders to Kill (1995), William Pepper introduced readers to most of the 70 witnesses who took the stand in Memphis or were cited by deposition, tape, and other witnesses. To keep this article from reading like either an encyclopedia or a Dostoevsky novel, I have highlighted only a few. (Thanks to the King Center , the full trial transcript is available online at http://www.thekingcenter.com/tkc/trial.html.) [The transcript is no longer available at the King Center. Hypertext, PDF, and text-only representations are available at ratical.org/ratville/JFK/MLKACT/ – Editor ] What Pepper’s work has accomplished in print and in court can be measured by the intensity of the media attacks on him, shades of Jim Garrison. But even Garrison did not gain the support of the Kennedy family (in his case) or achieve a guilty verdict. The Memphis trial has opened wide a door to our assassination politics. Anyone who walks through it is faced by an either/or: to declare naked either the empire or oneself. The King family has chosen the former. The vision behind the trial is at least as much theirs as it is William Pepper’s, for ultimately it is the vision of Martin Luther King Jr. Coretta King explained to the jury her family’s purpose in pursuing the lawsuit against Jowers: “This is not about money. We’re concerned about the truth, having the truth come out in a court of law so that it can be documented for all .” “ I’ve always felt that somehow the truth would be known, and I hoped that I would live to see it . It is important I think for the sake of healing so many people – my family, other people, the nation.” Dexter King , the plaintiffs’ final witness, said the trial was about why his father had been killed: “From a holistic side, in terms of the people, in terms of the masses, yes, it has to be dealt with because it is not about who killed Martin Luther King Jr., my father. It is not necessarily about all of those details. It is about: Why was he killed? Because if you answer the why, you will understand the same things are still happening . Until we address that, we’re all in trouble. Because if it could happen to him, if it can happen to this family, it can happen to anybody. “It is so amazing for me that as soon as this issue of potential involvement of the federal government came up, all of a sudden the media just went totally negative against the family . I couldn’t understand that. I kept asking my mother, ‘What is going on?’ “She reminded me. She said, ‘Dexter, your dad and I have lived through this once already. You have to understand that when you take a stand against the establishment, first, you will be attacked. There is an attempt to discredit. Second, [an attempt] to try and character-assassinate. And third, ultimately physical termination or assassination.’ “Now the truth of the matter is if my father had stopped and not spoken out, if he had just somehow compromised, he would probably still be here with us today. But the minute you start talking about redistribution of wealth and stopping a major conflict, which also has economic ramifications . . . ” In his closing argument, William Pepper identified economic power as the root reason for King’s assassination: “ When Martin King opposed the war, when he rallied people to oppose the war, he was threatening the bottom lines of some of the largest defense contractors in this country . This was about money. He was threatening the weapons industry, the hardware, the armaments industries, that would all lose as a result of the end of the war. “The second aspect of his work that also dealt with money that caused a great deal of consternation in the circles of power in this land had to do with his commitment to take a massive group of people to Washington. . . . Now he began to talk about a redistribution of wealth, in this the wealthiest country in the world.” Pepper went a step beyond saying government agencies were responsible for the assassination. To whom in turn were those murderous agencies responsible? Not so much to government officials per se, Pepper asserted, as to the economic powerholders they represented who stood in the even deeper shadows behind the FBI, Army Intelligence, and their affiliates in covert action. By 1968, Pepper told the jury, “And today it is much worse in my view” – “ the decision-making processes in the United States were the representatives, the footsoldiers of the very economic interests that were going to suffer as a result of these times of changes [being activated by King].” To say that U.S. government agencies killed Martin Luther King on the verge of the Poor People’s Campaign is a way into the deeper truth that the economic powers that be (which dictate the policies of those agencies) killed him. In the Memphis prelude to the Washington campaign, King posed a threat to those powers of a non-violent revolutionary force. Just how determined they were to stop him before he reached Washington was revealed in the trial by the size and complexity of the plot to kill him. Dexter King testified to the truth of his father’s death with transforming clarity: “ If what you are saying goes against what certain people believe you should be saying, you will be dealt with – maybe not the way you are dealt with in China, which is overtly. But you will be dealt with covertly. The result is the same. “ We are talking about a political assassination in modern-day times, a domestic political assassination . Of course, it is ironic, but I was watching a special on the CIA. They say, ‘Yes, we’ve participated in assassinations abroad but, no, we could never do anything like that domestically.’ Well, I don’t know. . . . Whether you call it CIA or some other innocuous acronym or agency, killing is killing. “The issue becomes: What do we do about this? Do we endorse a policy in this country, in this life, that says if we don’t agree with someone, the only means to deal with it is through elimination and termination? I think my father taught us the opposite, that you can overcome without violence. “ We’re not in this to make heads roll . We’re in this to use the teachings that my father taught us in terms of nonviolent reconciliation. It works. . . . We know that it works. . . . So . . . we’re not looking to put people in prison. What we’re looking to do is get the truth out so that this nation can learn and know officially. . . . If the family of the victim, . . . if we’re saying we’re willing to forgive and embark upon a process that allows for reconciliation, why can’t others? ” When pressed by Pepper to name a specific amount of damages for the death of his father, Dexter King said, “One hundred dollars.” The Verdict The jury returned with a verdict after two and one-half hours. Judge James E. Swearengen of Shelby County Circuit Court, a gentle African-American man in his last few days before retirement, read the verdict aloud. The courtroom was now crowded with spectators, almost all black. “In answer to the question, ‘Did Loyd Jowers participate in a conspiracy to do harm to Dr. Martin Luther King?’ your answer is ‘Yes.’” The man on my left leaned forward and whispered softly, “Thank you, Jesus.” The judge continued: “Do you also find that others, including governmental agencies, were parties to this conspiracy as alleged by the defendant?’ Your answer to that one is also ‘Yes.’” An even more heartfelt whisper: “Thank you, Jesus!” Perhaps the lesson of the King assassination is that our government understands the power of nonviolence better than we do, or better than we want to. In the spring of 1968, when Martin King was marching (and Robert Kennedy was campaigning), King was determined that massive, nonviolent civil disobedience would end the domination of democracy by corporate and military power. The powers that be took Martin Luther King seriously. They dealt with him in Memphis. Thirty-two years after Memphis, we know that the government that now honors Dr. King with a national holiday also killed him. As will once again become evident when the Justice Department releases the findings of its “limited re-investigation” into King’s death, the government (as a footsoldier of corporate power) is continuing its cover-up – just as it continues to do in the closely related murders of John and Robert Kennedy and Malcolm X. David Morphy, the only juror to grant an interview, said later: “We can look back on it and say that we did change history. But that’s not why we did it. It was because there was an overwhelming amount of evidence and just too many odd coincidences. “Everything from the police department being pulled back, to the death threat on Redditt, to the two black firefighters being pulled off, to the military people going up on top of the fire station, even to them going back to that point and cutting down the trees. Who in their right mind would go and destroy a crime scene like that the morning after? It was just very, very odd.” I drove the few blocks to the house on Mulberry Street, one block north of the Lorraine Motel (now the National Civil Rights Museum ). When I rapped loudly on Olivia Catling ’s security door, she was several minutes in coming. She said she’d had the flu. I told her the jury’s verdict, and she smiled. “So I can sleep now. For years I could still hear that shot. After 31 years, my mind is at ease. So I can sleep now, knowing that some kind of peace has been brought to the King family. And that’s the best part about it.” Perhaps the lesson of the King assassination is that our government understands the power of nonviolence better than we do, or better than we want to. In the spring of 1968, when Martin King was marching (and Robert Kennedy was campaigning), King was determined that massive, nonviolent civil disobedience would end the domination of democracy by corporate and military power. The powers that be took Martin Luther King seriously. They dealt with him in Memphis. Thirty-two years after Memphis, we know that the government that now honors Dr. King with a national holiday also killed him. As will once again become evident when the Justice Department releases the findings of its “limited re-investigation” into King’s death, the government (as a footsoldier of corporate power) is continuing its cover-up – just as it continues to do in the closely related murders of John and Robert Kennedy and Malcolm X. The faithful in a nonviolent movement that hopes to change the distribution of wealth and power in the U.S.A. – as Dr. King’s vision, if made real, would have done in 1968 – should be willing to receive the same kind of reward that King did in Memphis. As each of our religious traditions has affirmed from the beginning, that recurring story of martyrdom (“witness”) is one of ultimate transformation and cosmic good news.	martin luther king s
Who created havoc in 1938, when his radio broadcast of The War Of The Worlds was believed to be true?	Martin Luther King Assassination Conspiracy Exposed in Memphis by Jim Douglass Judge Joe Brown , who had presided over two years of hearings on the rifle, testified that “ 67% of the bullets from my tests did not match the Ray rifle .” He added that the unfired bullets found wrapped with it in a blanket were metallurgically different from the bullet taken from King’s body , and therefore were from a different lot of ammunition. And because the rifle’s scope had not been sited, Brown said, “ this weapon literally could not have hit the broadside of a barn .” Holding up the 30.06 Remington 760 Gamemaster rifle, Judge Brown told the jury, “ It is my opinion that this is not the murder weapon .” Circuit Court Judge Arthur Hanes Jr . of Birmingham, Alabama, had been Ray’s attorney in 1968. (On the eve of his trial, Ray replaced Hanes and his father, Arthur Hanes Sr., by Percy Foreman, a decision Ray told the Haneses one week later was the biggest mistake of his life .) Hanes testified that in the summer of 1968 he interviewed Guy Canipe, owner of the Canipe Amusement Company. Canipe was a witness to the dropping in his doorway of a bundle that held a trove of James Earl Ray memorabilia, including the rifle, unfired bullets, and a radio with Ray’s prison identification number on it. This dropped bundle, heaven (or otherwise) sent for the State’s case against Ray, can be accepted as credible evidence through a willing suspension of disbelief. As Judge Hanes summarized the State’s lone-assassin theory (with reference to an exhibit depicting the scene), “James Earl Ray had fired the shot from the bathroom on that second floor, come down that hallway into his room and carefully packed that box, tied it up, then had proceeded across the walkway the length of the building to the back where that stair from that door came up, had come down the stairs out the door, placed the Browning box containing the rifle and the radio there in the Canipe entryway .” Then Ray presumably got in his car seconds before the police’s arrival, driving from downtown Memphis to Atlanta unchallenged in his white Mustang. Concerning his interview with the witness who was the cornerstone of this theory, Judge Hanes told the jury that Guy Canipe (now deceased) provided “terrific evidence”: “He said that the package was dropped in his doorway by a man headed south down Main Street on foot, and that this happened at about ten minutes before the shot was fired [emphasis added].” Hanes thought Canipe’s witnessing the bundle-dropping ten minutes before the shot was very credible for another reason. It so happened (as confirmed by Philip Melanson’s research) that at 6:00 p.m. one of the MPD tactical units that had been withdrawn earlier by Inspector Evans, TACT 10, had returned briefly to the area with its 16 officers for a rest break at Fire Station 2. Thus, as Hanes testified, with the firehouse brimming with police, some already watching King across the street, “when they saw Dr. King go down, the fire house erupted like a beehive . . . In addition to the time involved [in Ray’s presumed odyssey from the bathroom to the car], it was circumstantially almost impossible to believe that somebody had been able to throw that [rifle] down and leaave right in the face of that erupting fire station.” When I spoke with Judge Hanes after the trial about the startling evidence he had received from Canipe, he commented, “That’s what I’ve been saying for 30 years.” William Hamblin testified not about the rifle thrown down in the Canipe doorway but rather the smoking rifle Loyd Jowers said he received at his back door from Earl Clark right after the shooting. Hamblin recounted a story he was told many times by his friend James McCraw, who had died. James McCraw is already well-known to researchers as the taxi driver who arrived at the rooming house to pick up Charlie Stephens shortly before 6:00 p.m. on April 4. In a deposition read earlier to the jury, McCraw said he found Stephens in his room lying on his bed too drunk to get up, so McCraw turned out the light and left without him – minutes before Stephens, according to the State, identified Ray in profile passing down the hall from the bathroom. McCraw also said the bathroom door next to Stephen’s room was standing wide open, and there was no one in the bathroom – where again, according to the State, Ray was then balancing on the tub, about to squeeze the trigger. William Hamblin told the jury that he and fellow cab-driver McCraw were close friends for about 25 years. Hamblin said he probably heard McCraw tell the same rifle story 50 times , but only when McCraw had been drinking and had his defenses down. In that story, McCraw said that Loyd Jowers had given him the rifle right after the shooting. According to Hamblin, “Jowers told him to get the [rifle] and get it out of here now. [McCraw] said that he grabbed his beer and snatched it out. He had the rifle rolled up in an oil cloth, and he leapt out the door and did away with it.” McCraw told Hamblin he threw the rifle off a bridge into the Mississippi River . Hamblin said McCraw never revealed publicly what he knew of the rifle because, like Jowers, he was afraid of being indicted: “He really wanted to come out with it, but he was involved in it. And he couldn’t really tell the truth.” William Pepper accepted Hamblin’s testimony about McCraw’s disposal of the rifle over Jowers’s claim to Dexter King that he gave the rifle to Raul. Pepper said in his closing argument that the actual murder weapon had been lying “ at the bottom of the Mississippi River for over thirty-one years .” Raul One of the most significant developments in the Memphis trial was the emergence of the mysterious Raul through the testimony of a series of witnesses. In a 1995 deposition by James Earl Ray that was read to the jury, Ray told of meeting Raul in Montreal in the summer of 1967 , three months after Ray had escaped from a Missouri prison. According to Ray, Raul guided Ray’s movements, gave him money for the Mustang car and the rifle, and used both to set him up in Memphis. Andrew Young and Dexter King described their meeting with Jowers and Pepper at which Pepper had shown Jowers a spread of photographs, and Jowers picked out one as the person named Raul who brought him the rifle to hold at Jim’s Grill. Pepper displayed the same spread of photos in court, and Young and King pointed out the photo Jowers had identified as Raul. (Private investigator John Billings said in separate testimony that this picture was a passport photograph from 1961 , when Raul had immigrated from Portugal to the U.S.) The additional witnesses who identified the photo as Raul’s included: British merchant seaman Sidney Carthew , who in a videotaped deposition from England said he had met Raul ( who offered to sell him guns ) and a man he thinks was Ray (who wanted to be smuggled onto his ship) in Montreal in the summer of 1967; Glenda and Roy Grabow , who recognized Raul as a gunrunner they knew in Houston in the ‘60s and ‘70s and who told Glenda in a rage that he had killed Martin Luther King; Royce Wilburn , Glenda’s brother, who also knew Raul in Houston; and British television producer Jack Saltman , who had obtained the passport photo and showed it to Ray in prison, who identified it as the photo of the person who had guided him. Saltman and Pepper, working on independent investigations, located Raul in 1995. He was living quietly with his family in the northeastern U.S. It was there in 1997 that journalist Barbara Reis of the Lisbon Publico, working on a story about Raul, spoke with a member of his family. Reis testified that she had spoken in Portuguese to a woman in Raul’s family who, after first denying any connection to Ray’s Raul, said “they” had visited them. “Who?” Reis asked. “ The government ,” said the woman. She said government agents had visited them three times over a three-year period. The government, she said, was watching over them and monitoring their phone calls. The woman took comfort and satisfaction in the fact that her family (so she believed) was being protected by the government . In his closing argument Pepper said of Raul: “ Now, as I understand it, the defense had invited Raul to appear here . He is outside this jurisdiction, so a subpoena would be futile. But he was asked to appear here. In earlier proceedings there were attempts to depose him, and he resisted them. So he has not attempted to come forward at all and tell his side of the story or to defend himself.” A broader conspiracy Carthel Weeden , captain of Fire Station 2 in 1968, testified that he was on duty the morning of April 4 when two U.S. Army officers approached him. The officers said they wanted a lookout for the Lorraine Motel. Weeden said they carried briefcases and indicated they had cameras . Weeden showed the officers to the roof of the fire station. He left them at the edge of its northeast corner behind a parapet wall . From there the Army officers had a bird’s-eye view of Dr. King’s balcony doorway and could also look down on the brushy area adjacent to the fire station. The testimony of writer Douglas Valentine filled in the background of the men Carthel Weeden had taken up to the roof of Fire Station 2. While Valentine was researching his book The Phoenix Program (1990), on the CIA’s notorious counterintelligence program against Vietnamese villagers, he talked with veterans in military intelligence who had been re-deployed from the Vietnam War to the sixties antiwar movement . They told him that in 1968 the Army’s 111th Military Intelligence Group kept Martin Luther King under 24-hour-a-day surveillance . Its agents were in Memphis April 4. As Valentine wrote in The Phoenix Program, they “reportedly watched and took photos while King’s assassin moved into position, took aim, fired, and walked away.” Testimony which juror David Morphy later described as “awesome” was that of former CIA operative Jack Terrell , a whistle-blower in the Iran-Contra scandal. Terrell, who was dying of liver cancer in Florida, testified by videotape that his close friend J.D. Hill had confessed to him that he had been a member of an Army sniper team in Memphis assigned to shoot “an unknown target” on April 4 . After training for a triangular shooting, the snipers were on their way into Memphis to take up positions in a watertower and two buildings when their mission was suddenly cancelled. Hill said he realized, when he learned of King’s assassination the next day, that the team must have been part of a contingency plan to kill King if another shooter failed . Terrell said J.D. Hill was shot to death . His wife was charged with shooting Hill (in response to his drinking), but she was not indicted. From the details of Hill’s death, Terrell thought the story about Hill’s wife shooting him was a cover, and that his friend had been assassinated . In an interview, Terrell said the CIA’s heavy censorship of his book Disposable Patriot (1992) included changing the paragraph on J.D. Hill’s death, so that it read as if Terrell thought Hill’s wife was responsible. Cover-up Walter Fauntroy , Dr. King’s colleague and a 20-year member of Congress, chaired the subcommittee of the 1976-78 House Select Committee on Assassinations that investigated King’s assassination. Fauntroy testified in Memphis that in the course of the HSCA investigation “ it was apparent that we were dealing with very sophisticated forces .” He discovered electronic bugs on his phone and TV set. When Richard Sprague, HSCA’s first chief investigator, said he would make available all CIA, FBI, and military intelligence records, he became a focus of controversy . Sprague was forced to resign. His successor made no demands on U.S. intelligence agencies. Such pressures contributed to the subcommittee’s ending its investigation, as Fauntroy said, “ without having thoroughly investigated all of the evidence that was apparent .” Its formal conclusion was that Ray assassinated King, that he probably had help, and that the government was not involved. When I interviewed Fauntroy in a van on his way back to the Memphis Airport, I asked about the implications of his statements in an April 4, 1997 Atlanta Constitution article. The article said Fauntroy now believed “Ray did not fire the shot that killed King and was part of a larger conspiracy that possibly involved federal law enforcement agencies,” and added: “Fauntroy said he kept silent about his suspicions because of fear for himself and his family.” Fauntroy told me that when he left Congress in 1991 he had the opportunity to read through his files on the King assassination, including raw materials that he’d never seen before. Among them was information from J. Edgar Hoover’s logs. There he learned that in the three weeks before King’s murder the FBI chief held a series of meetings with “persons involved with the CIA and military intelligence in the Phoenix operation in Southeast Asia.” Why? Fauntroy also discovered there had been Green Berets and military intelligence agents in Memphis when King was killed. “What were they doing there?” he asked. When Fauntroy had talked about his decision to write a book about what he’d “uncovered since the assassination committee closed down,” he was promptly investigated and charged by the Justice Department with having violated his financial reports as a member of Congress. His lawyer told him that he could not understand why the Justice Department would bring up a charge on the technicality of one misdated check. Fauntroy said he interpreted the Justice Department’s action to mean: “Look, we’ll get you on something if you continue this way. . . . I just thought: I’ll tell them I won’t go and finish the book, because it’s surely not worth it.” At the conclusion of his trial testimony, Fauntroy also spoke about his fear of an FBI attempt to kill James Earl Ray when he escaped from Tennessee’s Brushy Mountain State Penitentiary in June 1977 . Congressman Fauntroy had heard reports about an FBI SWAT team having been sent into the area around the prison to shoot Ray and prevent his testifying at the HSCA hearings. Fauntroy asked HSCA chair Louis Stokes to alert Tennesssee Governor Ray Blanton to the danger to the HSCA’s star witness and Blanton’s most famous prisoner. When Stokes did, Blanton called off the FBI SWAT team, Ray was caught safely by local authorities, and in Fauntroy’s words, “we all breathed a sigh of relief.” The Memphis jury also learned how a 1993-98 Tennessee State investigation into the King assassination was, if not a cover-up, then an inquiry noteworthy for its lack of witnesses. Lewis Garrison had subpoenaed the head of the investigation, Mark Glankler , in an effort to discover evidence helpful to Jowers’s defense. William Pepper then cross-examined Glankler on the witnesses he had interviewed in his investigation : Q. (BY MR. PEPPER) Mr. Glankler, did you interview Mr. Maynard Stiles , whose testifying – A. I know the name, Counselor, but I don’t think I took a statement from Maynard Stiles or interviewed him. I don’t think I did. Q. Did you ever interview Mr. Floyd Newsum ? A. Can you help me with what he does? Q. Yes. He was a black fireman who was assigned to Station Number 2. A. I don’t recall the name, Counsel. Q. All right. Ever interview Mr. Norville Wallace ? A. I don’t recall that name offhand either. Q. Ever interview Captain Jerry Williams ? A. Fireman also? Q. Jerry Williams was a policeman. He was a homicide detective. A. No, sir, I don’t – I really don’t recall that name. Q. Fair enough. Did you ever interview Mr. Charles Hurley , a private citizen? A. Does he have a wife named Peggy? Q. Yes. Q. Did you interview a Mr. Leon Cohen ? A. I just don’t recall without – Q. Did you ever interview Mr. James McCraw ? A. I believe we did. He talks with a device? Q. Yes, the voice box.. A. Yes, okay. I believe we did talk to him, yes, sir. Q. How about Mrs. Olivia Catling , who has testified – A. I’m sorry, the last name again. Q. Catling, C A T L I N G. A. No, sir, that name doesn’t – Q. Did you ever interview Ambassador Andrew Young ? A. No, sir. Q. Did you ever interview Judge Arthur Haynes ? A. No, sir. So it goes – downhill. The above is Glankler’s high-water mark: He got two out of the first ten (if one counts Charles and Peggy Hurley as a yes). Pepper questioned Glankler about 25 key witnesses. The jury was familiar with all of them from prior testimony in the trial. Glankler could recall his office interviewing a total of three. At the twenty-fifth-named witness, Earl Caldwell, Pepper finally let Glankler go: Q. Did you ever interview a former New York Times journalist, a New York Daily News correspondent named Earl Caldwell ? A. Earl Caldwell? Not that I recall. Q. You never interviewed him in the course of your investigation? A. I just don’t recall that name. MR. PEPPER: I have no further comments about this investigation – no further questions for this investigator. Pepper went a step beyond saying government agencies were responsible for the assassination. To whom in turn were those murderous agencies responsible? Not so much to government officials per se, Pepper asserted, as to the economic powerholders they represented who stood in the even deeper shadows behind the FBI, Army Intelligence, and their affiliates in covert action. By 1968, Pepper told the jury, “And today it is much worse in my view” – “the decision-making processes in the United States were the representatives, the footsoldiers of the very economic interests that were going to suffer as a result of these times of changes [being activated by King].” To say that U.S. government agencies killed Martin Luther King on the verge of the Poor People’s Campaign is a way into the deeper truth that the economic powers that be (which dictate the policies of those agencies) killed him. In the Memphis prelude to the Washington campaign, King posed a threat to those powers of a non-violent revolutionary force. Just how determined they were to stop him before he reached Washington was revealed in the trial by the size and complexity of the plot to kill him. The vision behind the trial In his sprawling, brilliant work that underlies the trial, Orders to Kill (1995), William Pepper introduced readers to most of the 70 witnesses who took the stand in Memphis or were cited by deposition, tape, and other witnesses. To keep this article from reading like either an encyclopedia or a Dostoevsky novel, I have highlighted only a few. (Thanks to the King Center , the full trial transcript is available online at http://www.thekingcenter.com/tkc/trial.html.) [The transcript is no longer available at the King Center. Hypertext, PDF, and text-only representations are available at ratical.org/ratville/JFK/MLKACT/ – Editor ] What Pepper’s work has accomplished in print and in court can be measured by the intensity of the media attacks on him, shades of Jim Garrison. But even Garrison did not gain the support of the Kennedy family (in his case) or achieve a guilty verdict. The Memphis trial has opened wide a door to our assassination politics. Anyone who walks through it is faced by an either/or: to declare naked either the empire or oneself. The King family has chosen the former. The vision behind the trial is at least as much theirs as it is William Pepper’s, for ultimately it is the vision of Martin Luther King Jr. Coretta King explained to the jury her family’s purpose in pursuing the lawsuit against Jowers: “This is not about money. We’re concerned about the truth, having the truth come out in a court of law so that it can be documented for all .” “ I’ve always felt that somehow the truth would be known, and I hoped that I would live to see it . It is important I think for the sake of healing so many people – my family, other people, the nation.” Dexter King , the plaintiffs’ final witness, said the trial was about why his father had been killed: “From a holistic side, in terms of the people, in terms of the masses, yes, it has to be dealt with because it is not about who killed Martin Luther King Jr., my father. It is not necessarily about all of those details. It is about: Why was he killed? Because if you answer the why, you will understand the same things are still happening . Until we address that, we’re all in trouble. Because if it could happen to him, if it can happen to this family, it can happen to anybody. “It is so amazing for me that as soon as this issue of potential involvement of the federal government came up, all of a sudden the media just went totally negative against the family . I couldn’t understand that. I kept asking my mother, ‘What is going on?’ “She reminded me. She said, ‘Dexter, your dad and I have lived through this once already. You have to understand that when you take a stand against the establishment, first, you will be attacked. There is an attempt to discredit. Second, [an attempt] to try and character-assassinate. And third, ultimately physical termination or assassination.’ “Now the truth of the matter is if my father had stopped and not spoken out, if he had just somehow compromised, he would probably still be here with us today. But the minute you start talking about redistribution of wealth and stopping a major conflict, which also has economic ramifications . . . ” In his closing argument, William Pepper identified economic power as the root reason for King’s assassination: “ When Martin King opposed the war, when he rallied people to oppose the war, he was threatening the bottom lines of some of the largest defense contractors in this country . This was about money. He was threatening the weapons industry, the hardware, the armaments industries, that would all lose as a result of the end of the war. “The second aspect of his work that also dealt with money that caused a great deal of consternation in the circles of power in this land had to do with his commitment to take a massive group of people to Washington. . . . Now he began to talk about a redistribution of wealth, in this the wealthiest country in the world.” Pepper went a step beyond saying government agencies were responsible for the assassination. To whom in turn were those murderous agencies responsible? Not so much to government officials per se, Pepper asserted, as to the economic powerholders they represented who stood in the even deeper shadows behind the FBI, Army Intelligence, and their affiliates in covert action. By 1968, Pepper told the jury, “And today it is much worse in my view” – “ the decision-making processes in the United States were the representatives, the footsoldiers of the very economic interests that were going to suffer as a result of these times of changes [being activated by King].” To say that U.S. government agencies killed Martin Luther King on the verge of the Poor People’s Campaign is a way into the deeper truth that the economic powers that be (which dictate the policies of those agencies) killed him. In the Memphis prelude to the Washington campaign, King posed a threat to those powers of a non-violent revolutionary force. Just how determined they were to stop him before he reached Washington was revealed in the trial by the size and complexity of the plot to kill him. Dexter King testified to the truth of his father’s death with transforming clarity: “ If what you are saying goes against what certain people believe you should be saying, you will be dealt with – maybe not the way you are dealt with in China, which is overtly. But you will be dealt with covertly. The result is the same. “ We are talking about a political assassination in modern-day times, a domestic political assassination . Of course, it is ironic, but I was watching a special on the CIA. They say, ‘Yes, we’ve participated in assassinations abroad but, no, we could never do anything like that domestically.’ Well, I don’t know. . . . Whether you call it CIA or some other innocuous acronym or agency, killing is killing. “The issue becomes: What do we do about this? Do we endorse a policy in this country, in this life, that says if we don’t agree with someone, the only means to deal with it is through elimination and termination? I think my father taught us the opposite, that you can overcome without violence. “ We’re not in this to make heads roll . We’re in this to use the teachings that my father taught us in terms of nonviolent reconciliation. It works. . . . We know that it works. . . . So . . . we’re not looking to put people in prison. What we’re looking to do is get the truth out so that this nation can learn and know officially. . . . If the family of the victim, . . . if we’re saying we’re willing to forgive and embark upon a process that allows for reconciliation, why can’t others? ” When pressed by Pepper to name a specific amount of damages for the death of his father, Dexter King said, “One hundred dollars.” The Verdict The jury returned with a verdict after two and one-half hours. Judge James E. Swearengen of Shelby County Circuit Court, a gentle African-American man in his last few days before retirement, read the verdict aloud. The courtroom was now crowded with spectators, almost all black. “In answer to the question, ‘Did Loyd Jowers participate in a conspiracy to do harm to Dr. Martin Luther King?’ your answer is ‘Yes.’” The man on my left leaned forward and whispered softly, “Thank you, Jesus.” The judge continued: “Do you also find that others, including governmental agencies, were parties to this conspiracy as alleged by the defendant?’ Your answer to that one is also ‘Yes.’” An even more heartfelt whisper: “Thank you, Jesus!” Perhaps the lesson of the King assassination is that our government understands the power of nonviolence better than we do, or better than we want to. In the spring of 1968, when Martin King was marching (and Robert Kennedy was campaigning), King was determined that massive, nonviolent civil disobedience would end the domination of democracy by corporate and military power. The powers that be took Martin Luther King seriously. They dealt with him in Memphis. Thirty-two years after Memphis, we know that the government that now honors Dr. King with a national holiday also killed him. As will once again become evident when the Justice Department releases the findings of its “limited re-investigation” into King’s death, the government (as a footsoldier of corporate power) is continuing its cover-up – just as it continues to do in the closely related murders of John and Robert Kennedy and Malcolm X. David Morphy, the only juror to grant an interview, said later: “We can look back on it and say that we did change history. But that’s not why we did it. It was because there was an overwhelming amount of evidence and just too many odd coincidences. “Everything from the police department being pulled back, to the death threat on Redditt, to the two black firefighters being pulled off, to the military people going up on top of the fire station, even to them going back to that point and cutting down the trees. Who in their right mind would go and destroy a crime scene like that the morning after? It was just very, very odd.” I drove the few blocks to the house on Mulberry Street, one block north of the Lorraine Motel (now the National Civil Rights Museum ). When I rapped loudly on Olivia Catling ’s security door, she was several minutes in coming. She said she’d had the flu. I told her the jury’s verdict, and she smiled. “So I can sleep now. For years I could still hear that shot. After 31 years, my mind is at ease. So I can sleep now, knowing that some kind of peace has been brought to the King family. And that’s the best part about it.” Perhaps the lesson of the King assassination is that our government understands the power of nonviolence better than we do, or better than we want to. In the spring of 1968, when Martin King was marching (and Robert Kennedy was campaigning), King was determined that massive, nonviolent civil disobedience would end the domination of democracy by corporate and military power. The powers that be took Martin Luther King seriously. They dealt with him in Memphis. Thirty-two years after Memphis, we know that the government that now honors Dr. King with a national holiday also killed him. As will once again become evident when the Justice Department releases the findings of its “limited re-investigation” into King’s death, the government (as a footsoldier of corporate power) is continuing its cover-up – just as it continues to do in the closely related murders of John and Robert Kennedy and Malcolm X. The faithful in a nonviolent movement that hopes to change the distribution of wealth and power in the U.S.A. – as Dr. King’s vision, if made real, would have done in 1968 – should be willing to receive the same kind of reward that King did in Memphis. As each of our religious traditions has affirmed from the beginning, that recurring story of martyrdom (“witness”) is one of ultimate transformation and cosmic good news.	i don't know
Which major British newspaper closed down for almost a year in 1978?	History of Newspapers by the NMA William Caxton sets up the first English printing press in Westminster. 1549 First known English newsletter: Requests of the Devonshyre and Cornyshe Rebelles. 1621 First titled newspaper, Corante, published in London. 1649 Cromwell suppressed all newsbooks on the eve of Charles I's execution. 1690 Worcester Postman launched. (In 1709 it starts regular publication as Berrow's Worcester Journal, considered to be the oldest surviving English newspaper). 1702 Launch of the first regular daily newspaper: The Daily Courant. 1709 First Copyright Act; Berrow's Worcester Journal, considered the oldest surviving English newspaper, started regular publication. 1712 First Stamp Act; advertisement, paper and stamp duties condemned as taxes on knowledge. Stamford Mercury believed to have been launched. 1717 The Kentish Post and Canterbury Newsletter launched. It took on its current name, Kentish Gazette, in 1768. 1718 Leeds Mercury started (later merged into Yorkshire Post). 1737 Belfast News Letter founded (world's oldest surviving daily newspaper). 1748 Aberdeen Journal began (Scotland's oldest newspaper - now the Press & Journal). 1772 Hampshire Chronicle launched, Hampshire's oldest paper. 1788 Daily Universal Register (est. 1785) became The Times. 1791 Harmsworth (then Northcliffe) bought The Observer. 1906 Newspaper Proprietors Association founded for national dailies. 1907 National Union of Journalists founded as a wage-earners union. 1915 Rothermere launched Sunday Pictorial (later Sunday Mirror). 1922 Death of Northcliffe. Control of Associated Newspapers passed to Rothermere. 1928 Northcliffe Newspapers set up as a subsidiary of Associated Newspapers. Provincial Newspapers set up as a subsidiary of United Newspapers. 1931 Audit Bureau of Circulations formed. 1936 Britain's first colour advertisement appears (in Glasgow's Daily Record). 1944 Iliffe took over BPM Holdings (including Birmingham Post). 1946 Guild of British Newspaper Editors formed (now the Society of Editors). 1953 General Council of the Press established. 1955 Month-long national press strike. Daily Record acquired by Mirror Group. 1959 Manchester Guardian becomes The Guardian. Six-week regional press printing strike. 1960 Photocomposition and web-offset printing progressively introduced. 1964 The Sun launched, replacing Daily Herald. Death of Beaverbrook. General Council of the Press reformed as the Press Council. 1969 Murdoch's News International acquired The Sun and News of the World. 1976 Nottingham Evening Post is Britain's first newspaper to start direct input by journalists. 1978 The Times and The Sunday Times ceased publication for 11 months. 1980 Association of Free Newspaper founded (folded 1991). Regional Newspaper Advertising Bureau formed. 1981 News International acquired The Times and the Sunday Times. 1983 Industrial dispute at Eddie Shah's Messenger group plant at Warrington. 1984 Mirror Group sold by Reed to Maxwell (Pergamon). First free daily newspaper, the (Birmingham) Daily News, launched by husband & wife team Chris & Pat Bullivant. 1986 News International moved titles to a new plant at Wapping. Eddie Shah launchedToday, first colour national daily launched. The Independent launched. 1987 News International took over Today. 1988 RNAB folded. Newspaper Society launched PressAd as its commercial arm. Thomson launched Scotland on Sunday and Sunday Life. 1989 Last Fleet Streetpaper produced by Sunday Express. 1990 First Calcutt report on Privacy and Related Matters. Launch of The European (by Maxwell) and Independent on Sunday. 1991 Press Complaints Commission replaced the Press Council. AFN folded. Death of Robert Maxwell (November). Management buy-out of Birmingham Post and sister titles. Midland Independent Newspapers established. 1992 Management buy-out by Caledonian Newspapers of Lonrho's Glasgow titles, The Herald and Evening Times. 1993 Guardian Media Group bought The Observer. UK News set up by Northcliffe and Westminster Press as rival news agency to the Press Association. Second Calcutt report into self-regulation of the press. 1994 Northcliffe Newspapers bought Nottingham Evening Post for £93m. News International price-cutting sparked off new national cover-price war. 1995 Lord Wakeham succeeded Lord McGregor as chairman of the PCC. Privacy white paper rejected statutory press controls. Most of Thomson's regional titles sold to Trinity. Newsquest formed out of a Reed MBO. Murdoch closes Today(November). 1996 A year of buyouts, mergers and restructuring in the regional press. Regionals win the battle over cross-media ownership (Broadcasting Act). Newspaper Society launches NS Marketing, replacing PressAd. 1997 Midland Independent Newspapers is bought by Mirror Group for £297 million. Human Rights and Data Protection bills are introduced. 1998 Fourth largest regional press publisher, United Provincial Newspapers, is sold in two deals: UPN Yorkshire and Lancashire newspapers sold to Regional Independent Media for £360m and United Southern Publications sold to Southnews for £47.5m. Southern Newspapers changes its name to Newscom, following acquisitions in Wales and the West (including UPN Wales in 1996). Death of Lord Rothermere. Chairmanship of Associated Newspapers passes to his son Jonathan Harmsworth. Death of David English, editor-in-chief of Daily Mailand chairman of the editors' code committee. 1999 Trinity merges with Mirror Group Newspapers in a deal worth £1.3 billion. Newsquest is bought by US publisher Gannett for £904 million. Portsmouth & Sunderland Newspapers is bought by Johnston Press for £266m. Major regional press groups launch electronic media alliances (eg, This is Britain, Fish4 sites.) Freedom of Information bill introduced. Associated launches London's free commuter daily, Metro. 2000 Newscom is sold to Newsquest Media Group for £444m, Adscene titles are sold to Southnews (£52m)and Northcliffe Newspapers, Belfast Telegraph Newspapers are sold by Trinity Mirror to Independent News & Media for £300m, Bristol United Press is sold to Northcliffe Newspapers Group, and Southnews is sold to Trinity Mirror for £285m. Daily Express and Daily Star are sold by Lord Hollick's United News & Media to Richard Desmond's Northern & Shell. Launch of Scottish business daily Business a.m. and more Metro daily frees. Newspaper Society launches internet artwork delivery system AdFast. Communications white paper published. 2001 RIM buys six Galloway and Stornaway Gazette titles, Newsquest buys Dimbleby Newspaper Group and Johnston Press buys four titles from Morton Media Group. UK Publishing Media formed. Sunday Business changes name to The Businessand publishes on Sunday and Monday. 2002 Johnston Press acquires Regional Independent Media's 53 regional newspaper titles in a £560 million deal. Northcliffe Newspapers Group Ltd acquires Hill Bros (Leek) Ltd. Queen attends Newspaper Society annual lunch. New PCC chairman, Christopher Meyer, announced. Draft Communications Bill published. The Sunand Mirror engage in a price war. 2003 Conrad Black resigns as chief executive of Hollinger International, owner of Telegraph group. Claverly Company, owner of Midland News Association, buys Guiton Group, publisher of regional titles in the Channel Islands. Archant buys 12 London weekly titles from Independent News & Media (December) and the remaining 15 the following month (January 04). Independent begins the shift to smaller format national newspapers when it launched its compact edition. Sir Christopher Meyer becomes chairman of the Press Complaints Commission. DCMS select committee chaired by Gerald Kaufman into privacy and the press. Government rejects calls for a privacy law. 2004 Phillis Report on Government Communications published (January). Barclay Brothers buy Telegraph group and poach Murdoch Maclennan from Associated to run it. Kevin Beatty moves from Northcliffe Newspapers to run Associated Newspapers. Trinity Mirror sells Century Newspapers and Derry Journal in Northern Ireland to 3i. Tindle Newspapers sells Sunday Independent in Plymouth to Newsquest. The Times goes compact (November). 2005 Johnston Press buys Score Press from EMAP for £155m. Launch of free Liteeditions for London Evening Standard and Manchester Evening News. The Timesputs up cover price to 60p, marking the end of the nationals’ price war. The Guardian moves to Berliner format after £80m investment in new presses. DMGT puts Northcliffe Newspapers up for sale; bids expected to open at £1.2 billion. Johnston Press buys Scotsman Publications from Barclay Brothers for £160m. 2006 DMGT sale of Northcliffe group aborted but DC Thomson acquires Aberdeen Press & Journal. Trinity Mirror strategic review: Midlands and South East titles put up for sale. Growth of regional press digital platforms. Manchester Evening Newscity edition goes free. Government threat to limit Freedom of Information requests. Associated and News International both launch free evening papers in London during the autumn. 2007 Archant Scotland acquired by Johnston Press. Northcliffe Media buys three regional newspaper businesses from Trinity Mirror; Kent Regional Newspapers, East Surrey and Sussex Newspapers and Blackmore Vale Publishing. Dunfermline Press Group acquires Berkshire Regional Newspapers from Trinity Mirror. Tindle Newspapers buys 27 local weekly newspapers from Trinity Mirror which retains its Midlands titles. The government abandons plans to tighten Freedom of Information laws and limit media access to coroners’ courts. Former Hollinger International chief executive Conrad Black is sentenced to six-and-a-half years in prison for fraud. Rupert Murdoch’s News Corporation buys Dow Jones, owner of the Wall Street Journal, appointing News International boss Les Hinton as chief executive. 2008 The global economic downturn hit advertising revenues and shares of media companies fell sharply during the year. John Fry was announced as Tim Bowdler’s successor at Johnston Press in September. The Independentannounced a plan to move to DMGT’s Kensington building to cut costs in November. The BBC Trust rejected plans for local video that would have a negative impact on regional titles in the same month following a sustained campaign by the NS. 2009 Russian businessman Alexander Lebedev acquires the London Evening Standardfrom Daily Mail & General Trust and the title is subsequently relaunched as a free newspaper. Baroness Peta Buscombe is appointed chairman of the Press Complaints Commission. 2010 Britain officially emerges from the longest and deepest recession since the war. Lebedev acquires the Independent and Independent on Sunday from Independent News & Media for a nominal fee of £1. Trinity Mirror acquires GMG Regional Media, publisher of 32 titles, from Guardian Media Group for £44.8 million. News International erects paywalls around its online content for The Times and The Sunday Times. Eleven regional print titles are launched by seven publishers in the first six months of the year. Newly-elected coalition government announces it will look at the case for relaxing cross-media ownership rules and stop unfair competition from council newspapers. The Independent launches i, a digest newspaper to complement their main title, and the first daily paper to be launched in the UK in almost 25 years. 2011 In April, following campaigning by the NS and the industry, a revised Local Authority Publicity Code came into effect to crack down on council newspapers. In July, The News of The World was closed after 168 years of publication. The Prime Minister announced an inquiry led by Lord Justice Leveson into the role of the press and police in the phone-hacking scandal. In October, Lord Hunt of Wirral was appointed chairman of the Press Complaints Commission. Five regional daily titles switched to weekly during the year. Local cross media ownership rules were abolished. Kent Messenger Group’s proposed acquisition of seven Northcliffeweekly titles was referred to the Competition Commission by the OFT forcing the deal to be abandoned. Northcliffe Media announced the subsequent closure of Medway News and the East Kent Gazette. 2012 The London 2012 Olympics and Diamond Jubilee saw national and local press titles produce a host of supplements, special editions and other initiatives in digital and print to help their readers celebrate the events. In November, the press industry came together to progress plans for a new, tougher, independent system of self regulation following publication of Lord Justice Leveson's report into the role of the press and police in the phone-hacking scandal. MailOnline became the world's biggest newspaper website with 45.348 million unique users. The creation of a new local media business Local World was announced. Led by former chief executive of publishers Mecom and Mirror Group David Montgomery, Local World is created from the newspapers and websites of Northcliffe Media and Iliffe News & Media. 2013 Significant progress was made by the newspaper and magazine industry in setting up the Independent Press Standards Organisation - the new regulator for the press called for by Lord Justice Leveson. More than 90 per cent of the national press, the vast majority of the regional press, along with major magazine publishers, signed contracts to establish IPSO. Led by Sir Hayden Phillips, the independent appointments procedures were well underway, with the regulator due to launch on 1 May 2014. Politicians, publishers and press freedom organisations from across the globe railed against the Government's Royal Charter for press regulation which Culture Secretary Maria Miller admitted could become redundant if IPSO was successful. The Guardian prompted heated debate over the issue of mass surveillance after publishing a series of stories based on information leaked by the US National Security Agency contractor Edward Snowden. The local press was widely praised for its coverage of floods which blighted communities with Prime Minister David Cameron singling out the Eastern Daily Press in particular. Local papers created thousands of jobs distributing Regional Growth Fund cash to small businesses. 2014 A new voice for the £6 billion national, regional and local UK news media sector was launched in the form of the News Media Association, formed by the merger of the Newspaper Society and the Newspaper Publishers’ Association. In a climate of grave threats to press freedom, the importance of newspaper journalism was highlighted through stories such as The Times’ exposure of the Rotherham abuse scandal and The Yorkshire Post’s Loneliness campaign. The Independent Press Standards Organisation, the new press regulator, launched in September with the vast majority of local and national publishers signed up to it. 2015 In October 2015, Trinity Mirror announced the acquisition of Local World for £220 million, demonstrating the publisher’s firm belief in the future of local news media. Newspapers grew their UK monthly print and online reach to more than 47 million people, more than Google’s 45 million, with newsbrands driving nearly a billion social media interactions over the course of the year. The importance of news media in holding power to account was emphasised through agenda agenda-setting campaigns such as The Sunday Times’ exposure of corruption within football world governing body Fifa and Sunday Life’s hard hitting campaign to expose and abolish the cruel practice of illegal puppy farming.	The Times
Who was the biggest selling female artist in America in the 1990s?	The miners’ strike of 1977–78 \| International Socialist Review The miners’ strike of 1977–78 Resisting the employers’ offensive StumbleUpon “It’s my feeling that right now the operators are making an all out attempt to break the strength of the United Mine Workers. And if they can break the strength of the United Mine Workers, they’re going to break the strength of every other union in this country. I can’t understand people taking sides with the corporations and the government and to me the corporations and the government are one and the same. And if they’re able to break down the UMW, it’ll affect labor right through the country.” —Dave Forms, a 29-year-old miner and president of UMWA Local 1759 (December 1977)1 The neoliberal turn The late 1970s marked a major turning point in the recent economic and labor history of the United States. A general turn toward neoliberal economic policies entailed an all-out assault by capital on labor. As United Auto Workers (UAW) president Douglas Fraser put it in 1978, “I believe the leaders of the business community, with few exceptions, have chosen to wage a one-sided class war today in this country—a war against working people, the unemployed, the poor, minorities, the very young and the very old, and even many in the middle class of our society.”2 In subsequent years unionization rates declined and the economy was restructured in the interests of big business. However, it was not automatic or inevitable that capital would be successful in waging its “one-sided class war.” There was widespread resistance even though it failed to cohere on a national level. One of the most important of these battles was the 1978 national coal strike. In late 1977 and early 1978, 160,000 coal miners3 from West Virginia to southern Illinois, waged a 111-day strike—a strike often led by the rank and file and in opposition to the national leadership of the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA)—against the Bituminous Coal Operators Association (BCOA). As labor historian James Green wrote at the time, “The 1977–1978 coal miners’ strike must be viewed in the context of an overall offensive by the capitalist class.”4 Today, coal mining is often synonymous with devastating mine accidents and environmental catastrophes such as the 2008 coal ash disaster in Harriman, Tennessee. That disaster flooded three hundred acres of land with more than a billion gallons of toxic slurry.5 As of this writing, forty-one U.S. miners have already died in mine accidents this year, including twenty-nine in Massey Energy’s Upper Big Branch Mine following an explosion in April.6 These miners have been sacrificed as employers relentlessly increase coal output without increasing safety measures or hiring additional workers. In the 1970s, however, coal mining was also synonymous with class struggle. In 1977 alone—prior to the start of the national strike—strikes cost the industry 2.3 million days of work lost—ten times the rate of work stoppages in other industries.7 This is all the more impressive because the 1970s were a decade of wildcat strikes (unofficial strikes not approved by the union leadership) in several industries—fueled in part by the employers’ relentless drive for productivity, but also by the general radicalization in society reflected in the opposition to the war in Vietnam and the rise of other social movements, and by the turn of Black Power and New Left radicals toward socialism and the working class in the late 1960s and early 1970s. During the postwar economic boom, the trade union bureaucracy made an unofficial pact with the employers to maintain labor peace in exchange for rising wages and benefits. “Unionized industrial workers in particular experienced dramatic improvements in their living standards,” writes Sharon Smith, “but they paid the price of a drastic rise in the rate of exploitation. Output per worker more than doubled between 1947 and 1967.”8 Official strikes, called usually only when a contract expired, became staged affairs with token pickets, and bargaining was conducted in secret by an increasingly bloated union officialdom. Under these conditions workers began to take unofficial action on the shop floor. The number of wildcat strikes doubled from one thousand to two thousand in the course of the 1960s, capped by a strike wave in 1970 in which forty thousand miners demanded disability benefits; and postal workers, though legally prohibited from striking, organized a successful two-week national walkout. While 1970 was the high point, the rank-and-file upsurge continued for several years after that. The 1978 strike was the culmination of a decade of class struggle, but it was also potentially the first wave of resistance to the burgeoning “employers’ offensive.” Miners for Democracy and the UMWA The late 1960s and the 1970s were a period in which coal mining became politicized and miners took part in thousands of wildcat strikes. In 1969 thousands of West Virginia coal miners engaged in a “political strike” largely led by the Black Lung Association (BLA) and Disabled Miners and Widows—not the official union leadership. That strike forced the state legislature to pass legislation protecting victims of Black Lung.9 That same year, “Jock” Yablonski, the reform candidate in the UMWA presidential elections, was assassinated on the orders of then-president—and “old guard” union leader—Tony Boyle.10 In the wake of Yablonski’s assassination, union dissidents formed Miners for Democracy (MFD). In 1972, with Boyle under indictment, a coalition led by the MFD and the BLA—with retired miner and black lung victim Arnold Miller at the top of the slate—won union elections and instituted democratic reforms inside the UMWA, including the membership’s right to vote on its own contracts.11 The Miller administration, however, couldn’t stem the tide of wildcat strikes in the coalfields despite (and because of) Miller’s impulse to compromise—at all costs—with the coal bosses. Importantly, Miller dissolved the MFD soon after coming to office. The coal operators By 1977, the BCOA—which was formed in 1950 specifically to bargain collectively with the UMWA—was increasingly comprised of some of the largest corporations in the United States.12 The BCOA included major corporations like Continental Oil, Occidental Petroleum, U.S. Steel, and Bethlehem Steel.13 Even though coal profits doubled between 1970 and 1974, the BCOA wanted to restore “discipline” to the coalfields and speed up output, which given the nature of coal mining would result in serious hazards for miners. The BCOA aimed to get rid of contract language that allowed strikers to walk out (strike) over safety concerns and made demands that would have undermined the UMWA health and retirement plan.14 In the 1960s mechanization of coal mining—while dramatically increasing output—put miners’ lives at greater risk and increased the rates of black lung.15 Moreover, with mechanization largely complete, increasing output necessarily meant speeding up the work rates of miners themselves. The BCOA saw such concessions as absolutely central if it was to continue to increase its rate of profit in the coming years, years in which it expected President Jimmy Carter’s energy policies—which emphasized energy independence from Middle Eastern oil—to boost demand for coal.16 BCOA vs. UMWA By the time of the strike the two sides were headed for a showdown. On the one hand, the BCOA saw no other way to increase profits without undermining miners’ key recourse to prevent dangerous conditions—the right to strike. “There’s nothing mysterious about our proposals,” a coal company spokesperson argued, “we’re going to get stability one way or another.”17 On the other hand, the rank and file of the UMWA—if not the leadership—had grown stronger after ten years of militant organizing in the coalfields. When the BCOA set out to finally end the coalfield militancy of the 1970s, they mistook the divisions within the UMWA for overall weakness. As Kim Moody and Jim Woodward argued, “when the coal operators set out to smash the power of the UMW, in the 1977 contract, the apparent weakness and disunity of the union was a major reason they thought they would succeed.… They did not understand—perhaps they could not—that the seeming chaos in the coalfields was not a sign of disintegration of the union but its very opposite.”18 The coal operators’ confidence was also buoyed by an October 1977 ruling by the Arbitration Review Board (ARB) that concluded owners had the right to fire workers who participated in wildcat strikes.19 Of course this was just the latest instance of the government and courts siding with the employers over miners. Such rulings had further put a wedge between the union’s top leadership and it’s rank and file. The leadership was cowed in the face of injunctions. The rank and file became more determined. The BCOA “accurately assessed the weakness of the [UMWA] leadership,” James Green wrote, “but they underestimated the strength and determination of the rank and file.”20 Wildcats and “stranger pickets” Over the course of the 1970s there were thousands of wildcat strikes in the coalfields—strikes that usually began in a single mine, often over safety issues, but through solidarity and the ingenuity of miners spread from West Virginia to as far as southern Illinois in just a few days.21“Taming the coal wildcats” became a major concern for big business. As the Economist observed of a major wildcat in 1975: More coal, almost twice what is being mined at present, is said to be needed by 1985 if the United States is not to remain at the mercy of foreign suppliers of energy. But in the past few weeks that goal has seemed further away than ever as 65,000 miners of soft coal, about half the members of the United Mineworkers Union, have taken to the picket lines or decided to honor them, in defiance both of the courts and the orders of their union leaders. The walk-out started four weeks ago over the suspension of a single miner in West Virginia and spread to seven states.22 Similarly, Business Week argued, “High absenteeism and frequent wildcat strikes have denied the coal operators the stability they thought they had bargained for with the United Mine Workers. The UMW, poorly led and divided by years of political turmoil, has failed to deliver a disciplined work force.”23 These strikes were spread through the practice of “stranger picketing.” Striking miners would set up a picket line at another working mine, often the “next mine over.” Tradition held that miners shouldn’t cross a picket line even if they didn’t know who was behind it—thus the expression “stranger picketing.” The process could then repeat itself over and over—expanding a local fight over safety issues or other grievances into a regional or even national struggle, as the Economistsorely noted.24 Wildcats and “stranger picketing” escalated in the 1970s. During the period of mechanization in the coalfields in the 1950s and 1960s there were very few wildcats—fewer than two hundred a year.25 In 1970 the number of annual wildcats jumped to five hundred. With miners’ lives hanging in the balance—and with a grievance procedure that miners viewed (rightly) as slow and ineffective—the wildcat strike was increasingly seen as a miner’s most powerful weapon. In 1977, wildcat strikes cost the coal industry 2.5 million “man-days” lost.26 As Terry Abbot, a 25-year-old coal miner and president of UMWA Local 1866 said at the time: The grievance procedure takes so long. If you get a grievance to an arbitrator and back in eight to ten months you’re lucky. The companies don’t mind paying the arbiters. They’ve got the .money… And with about 90 percent of the grievances, there’s no penalty on the company not to do it anymore. It doesn’t hurt them any.”27 Dave Forms similarly argued: We’ve got a situation right now where we have to arbitrate safety. We might decide that we don’t want to go underground because we don’t feel it’s safe. So they fire us and send it to arbitration.28 The growth of wildcats in the 1970s was bound up with the companies’ use of arbitration as a weapon against miners as well as the speed-up of production and the life-and-death questions it raised. However, there were other factors that fostered coalfield militancy. First of all, there was a generational turnover in the mines. Younger miners, many of whom were Vietnam veterans, came to work in the coalfields. Their experiences in Vietnam seemed to have predisposed them to be suspect of authority.29 As Terry Abbot put it at the time, “Some of the older coal miners feel like they owe the company something for giving them a job. Hell, I don’t feel like that. I work my eight hours and I want everything the contract says I get.”30 The BCOA tried to use this gap between younger and older miners to their advantage during the strike when they cut off retired miners’ pensions. This largely backfired leading many retirees and older miners to play a more active role on the picket line. In addition to generational turnover, many of the UMWA locals were relatively small. Since they were comprised of a few hundred miners—and most local union leaders were also full-time coal miners—they were more responsive to the rank and file than most paid staffers.31 Lastly, the widespread (if incomplete) democratization of the union following the 1972 MFD victory created more space for miners to have control—at the local level if not nationally—over the UMWA.32 Dynamics of the strike In many ways the 1977–1978 strike was a continuation of the 1974 contract negotiations. The Miller leadership had lost a great deal of credibility with rank-and-file miners when it brought back a contract miners felt was substandard following the monthlong strike in 1974—a contract that also flew in the face of votes made at the 1974 UMWA convention, the union’s first truly democratic convention in decades.33That contract conceded on several company demands to curtail wildcat strikes, including cutting off benefits for strikers and changes in how pension eligibility was calculated. If a miner missed work due to a wildcat strike, he put his pension at risk. The 1974 contract also included a provision that allowed companies to suspend miners for refusing to cross a wildcat picket line. This undermined the tradition of “stranger picketing.”34 As the Nation quoted an outraged miner from Virginia, “God gave me the right to strike! Arnold Miller doesn’t have anything to do with it.”35 The 1976 UMWA convention again voted for a list of demands—many of which defended the right to strike—for the 1977 contract negotiations, essentially repudiating Miller’s handling of the 1974 contract. Arnold Miller, by all accounts, felt completely trapped between the mounting pressures from below—expressed in both the wildcat strikes and the 1976 convention—and the growing pressure from the BCOA. According to one participant in the 1977 negotiations, “he was a tower of indecision… It must have been someone like Miller who represented the Indians when they sold Manhattan for $24. He would have settled for $23.50.”36 Sensing weakness, coal operators provoked the strike in the hopes of taming the wildcats and the UMWA rank and file once and for all.37 The central issues in 1977 remained the “right to strike”—usually in response to health and safety issues—and the structure and solvency of the miners’ health care plan.38 While Miller was willing to surrender on the first issue, and cede ground on the second, rank-and-file miners were prepared for a long battle.39 Throughout the strike, Miller repeatedly brought back negotiated deals that miners rejected. These deals usually included some version of what miners called the “wage trick.” The BCOA would offer wage increases in return for more costly concessions. On February 6, Miller accepted most of the BCOA’s demands on “labor stability” in exchange for a widely touted 37 percent pay raise.40 The top union leadership tried to keep miners in the dark. “Miller hired a damn public relation firm. We only get to hear what they have to tell us,” Dave Forms said.41 At one point Miller even organized—with the help of then-Governor Rockefeller—“prayer rallies” across West Virginia to resolve the strike. “The rallies attracted a good number of preachers,” Socialist Worker newspaper observed, “but not too many coal miners.”42 In fact, the miners—having learned from the 1974 fight—got their hands on copies of the proposed contract, distributed leaflets explaining why they believed it was a sellout, and burned the contract proposal in public demonstrations.43 As Kim Moody and Jim Woodward argued: Had the BCOA looked past Arnold Miller they would have understood that they were still in for a fight. The strike was solid. Not only had miners shut down all of the coal mines by the UMWA, but they had shut down a good deal of non-union coal mines as well. Car caravans, sometimes numbering by the hundreds, roamed the eastern coal fields shutting down non-union mines. Some non-union companies, like Mapco in West Virginia, hired gun-thugs to keep the strikers away. It didn’t work. Shots were exchanged and the mine stayed closed.44 By 1977 only 50 percent of U.S. coal production came from union mines—but the strike had succeeded in shutting down 63 to 75 percent of production.45 As the strike continued stockpiles of coal—accumulated in anticipation of the strike—began to dwindle as weekly output fell from 14.7 million tons to 5.4 million tons of coal.46 With a solid strike on the ground and a rank and file unwilling to accept concessions, the union’s bargaining council voted down Miller’s “compromise” by a vote of thirty to six.47 The employers’ united front began to crack—particularly between the large steel corporations that owned mines (because they needed the coal for steel plants) and the operators who sold coal on the open market. Among BCOA members, it was Big Steel that had the hardest line on the UMWA. Moreover, the steel companies were able to schedule around the strike in order to avoid disruptions in steel production. Market operators didn’t fare so well. Business Week and the New York Times reported several major coal operators were entering a possible crisis and projected that the industry would lose money in 1978.48 These operators realized that Miller didn’t have the respect or credibility to convince miners to sign on to a concessionary contract. They concluded that some sort of compromise would be needed to get the miners back to work. On February 21 there was a coup on the BCOA board—pushing the steel companies aside—and putting the market operators in charge.49 Miller, however, failed to see the prospects for pushing back BCOA demands even farther, and he quickly signed on to another concessionary deal. Three days after the BCOA coup, President Jimmy Carter announced a new agreement between the BCOA and the UMWA.50 Carter’s proposal dropped some of the more draconian measures meant to dissuade wildcat strikes, such as fines for strikers, but companies retained the right to fire “instigators”—meaning anyone who stood up to unsafe work conditions. It was a mild improvement from the previous offer, but most miners still saw it as a concessionary contract. Miller avoided a no vote on the bargaining committee—by ignoring the committee—but he couldn’t avoid a membership vote. Two-thirds of the miners voted Carter’s proposal down by a vote of 74,957 to 32,541.51 Who organized the strike? From the beginning, the top union brass—and Miller in particular—wanted to avoid the strike, and when it couldn’t be avoided, they tried to bring the strike to a close as quickly as possible. Their main problem in doing so was that they weren’t actually organizing the strike in the first place. The rank and file conducted the strike, in much the same way as it had organized the wildcats throughout the 1970s.52 This was both a source of strength and a weakness. It was a weakness in that there was not a “central leadership” for the strike. It was a source of strength that the strike was almost completely solid at the grass-roots level and across geographic distance—from southern Illinois to West Virginia.53 Most of the strike’s strategic questions also fell to the rank and file. In particular this included the question of strike relief—how do you survive without incomes?—and the question of shutting down non-union or “scab” coal production.54 Relief committees were set up in the coal-producing regions by miners and their supporters. These committees could provide aid in the worst-case scenarios such as mortgage foreclosures or preventing bankruptcies after medical emergencies, but were unable to do much more than that.55 Other unions—such as the UAW—sent upwards of $4 million to support the strikers, but UMWA officials sat on the money during the strike and didn’t distribute it to members. Many miners believed this was cynical manipulation on the part of the Miller administration. “Miller thinks that if we are denied the benefit of these donations,” one miner argued, “we will be more likely to vote for his contract.”56 Much of the relief that did make it into miners’ pockets came from union locals and rank-and-file workers in other industries. Socialists within the unions played an important role in this rank-and-file solidarity. For example, one group of Michigan autoworkers collected $860 at their plant gate during a day’s shift change.57 Thousands of miners were also forced to seek public assistance. More than 1,500 miners in southern Illinois applied for food stamps during the strike.58 Likewise, when it came to stopping non-union or “scab” coal production, it was rank-and-file miners and local union officials who took the initiative, often gathering a caravan of a few hundred miners in a local parking lot and heading out to shut down non-union mines or the shipment of non-union coal. These pickets sometimes produced armed confrontations—striking miners were even shot and killed by armed employees of the coal companies.59 Several of these confrontations took place in southern Illinois and Kentucky—the western frontier of UMWA organized mines. Around fourteen thousand of the coal miners that took part in the strike worked the fields of Illinois—most in southern Illinois.60 Many of the non-union mines were located in western states61—and a good deal of that coal was sent by train to Metropolis, Illinois, where it was transferred onto barges and sent up the Ohio River. The Metropolis terminal moved twenty thousand tons of coal per day.62 Initially, terminal managers told miners they planned to shut down for the strike, but the terminal remained open. A mass meeting of striking miners was held in the City Park in West Frankfurt, Illinois.63 Following the meeting, three hundred miners drove to Metropolis and stormed the terminal, overwhelming the fourteen state and local police guarding it and climbing over a railroad car that terminal operators had placed to block the entrance.64 The terminal was shut down. In Kentucky and southern Illinois judges issued injunctions against pickets. When the Massac County Sheriff distributed a hundred copies of a court order to the miners who stormed the Metropolis terminal, they responded by throwing it on the ground. Dumping of non-union coal was also a major tactic employed in Kentucky and southern Illinois.65 Confrontational tactics and direct action were widely used to disrupt non-union coal mines east of the Mississippi. For example, theWashington Post reported on January 6: An estimated 600 striking United Mine Workers, armed with ax handles, hunting knives and guns, tried to block resumption of coal mining in eastern Tennessee yesterday. Non-union mines were attacked in Indiana. In Washington, negotiations to settle the five-week-old strike by 183,000 soft coal miners remained recessed with no date set for resumption of talks. Each side blamed the other for the collapse of negotiations. Anderson County Sheriff Dennis Trotter estimated that 200 cars carrying out-of-state pickets moved in convoys around the New River and Windrock areas of east Tennessee. Trotter said he had all available men on the roads keeping an eye on the situation, but his men were outnumbered 40 to 1.66 In January, Socialist Worker reported: In Kentucky, the nation’s largest coal producer, miners are picketing non-union mines. In Pike County, nearly 1,000 miners were attacked by state troopers, who broke up the pickets with tear gas. In Wise, VA 100 picketers were arrested. In Indiana, 500 striking miners stormed a loading dock on the Ohio River, where coal is shipped from three non-union mines. 200 miners were arrested by Indiana state riot police and marched to the Spencer Country courthouse.67 In Pennsylvania, one hundred miners held up thirty-four thousand tons of coal on the Allegheny River. In Alabama, five hundred coal miners picketed mines in the northeastern part of the state.68 Shutting down this scab coal was central. Bill Worthington, a retired African American miner and a regional chairman of the Kentucky BLA, described one incident: The state police don’t let us talk to the drivers. But once we followed the trucks to the Virginia line and when they crossed the line the Kentucky police couldn’t follow. The pickets beat the trucks to the line, crossed and stopped the trucks, [and said] “back right in here buddy and unload!”69 Key to stopping scab coal was the organization of rank-and-file miners. Mass meetings—like the one in West Frankfurt—were regularly held in the coal regions to democratically plan the strike. These meetings were usually initiated by local officials, pensioners, rank-and-filers, and even members of far-left (socialist) organizations (in a few cases).70 It was at these meetings where miners discussed and came to have a united point of view of the different iterations of the contract as well as other issues facing the strikers.71 For example, in Marmet, West Virginia, fifty coal miners met to discuss the threat posed by the growing number of non-union coal mines in the Western states.72 Miners vs. the state After miners voted down Carter’s proposal, the president invoked the Taft-Hartley Act.73 Taft-Hartley was an anti-labor act passed in 1947 meant to curtail the labor radicalism of the 1930s and 1940s. It gave the federal government the power to intervene in labor disputes and made solidarity strikes—often called secondary boycotts—illegal. Carter’s plan was not to break the UMWA strike all at once—but to use Taft-Hartley to break off mines one at a time, and then demoralize miners into accepting a deal along the lines of the one he had already proposed. A local union official summed up the feelings of many coal miners, “Taft can mine it, Hartley can haul it, and Carter can shove it.”74 Carter’s plan to “balkanize” the strike failed—and the president seemed to be wary of a direct (and likely armed) confrontation with one hundred and sixty thousand miners. Carter backed down and the UMWA and BCOA returned to the negotiating table without the president.75 The strike ends As negotiations resumed in March, operators dropped their demand to be able to fire strike instigators as well as their plan to fine workers’ health and pension plans for absenteeism. Other anti-wildcat provisions were scaled back (but remained in the contract). The Miner’s Health Fund, however, was dismantled. This was a major setback. But after months on strike, the miners finally voted to accept a contract. The outcome was essentially a stalemate. With a weak national leadership—at best—and under immense pressure from the bosses and the federal government, miners essentially “held the line” against the growing employers’ offensive.76 Miners did not, however, return to work enthusiastically. As Socialist Worker argued at the time: The coal miners… fought the government, and Jimmy Carter, who was even prepared to cut off food stamps from the families of strikers. They made a joke of Taft-Hartley, the “slave labor law,” which has been used for a generation to subdue and chain American workers. In the end, only hunger forced them back. “The men voted with their stomachs, not their heads,” Ken Wagnild of UMWA Local 1810, Powhatan Point, Ohio, told Socialist Worker.77 The Washington Post noted in a March 26 editorial: The United Mine Worker’s membership has ratified its new contract by a rather close and reluctant vote. There are hints and murmurs from all quarters that the major issues have not been resolved, but merely postponed. You will notice that no one seems to be claiming a triumph.78 Without a clear victory, the militancy of the miners eventually started to wane. As early as the summer of 1978 the coal operators saw they had put a dent in the combativeness of the rank and file. Business Week exercised capital’s bragging rights in an editorial appropriately titled, “The Coal Wildcats Have Stopped Snarling”: Miners always work more regularly after an industry strike to make up their losses, but this time the improvement is extraordinary. During April, May and June, coal companies lost only 35,000 man-days of work because of wildcat strikes, down from 317,202 man-days in the 90-day period after a one-month strike in 1974. The current rate translates into a loss of 140,000 man-days annually, compared with 1.9 million lost days in 1976 and 2.4 million last year.79 The decade of rank-and-file rebellion came to a decisive conclusion three years later when President Ronald Reagan fired striking air traffic controllers in 1981 (represented by PATCO)—signaling a new era in which business and government were to be even tougher on organized labor.80 In the context of the overall shift in the labor movement and economy, the stalemate in the 1978 strike ultimately proved to be a victory for the coal bosses. Conclusion: “They knock us down one by one” The 1978 coal strike was emblematic of the transitional period in both the capitalist economy (from a post–Second World War liberal corporatist model to neoliberalism, free-market dogma, privatization, and so on) as well as an historic shift from a relatively combative labor movement in the 1970s to the passive labor movement of the 1980s. But the setbacks that followed the heroic efforts of the coal miners were not inevitable. The rank and file showed immense solidarity and creativity in waging the strike (a militancy that they had exercised with increasing frequency in the previous ten years through thousands of wildcat strikes). Unfortunately, the union leadership telegraphed weakness in negotiations from the very start. The stalemated 1977–1978 strike allowed the coal operators to restructure and reorganize the industry, further marginalizing the UMWA—and shift more coal production to the non-union Western coal fields.81 Worse yet, much of the leadership of organized labor more broadly took exactly the wrong lessons from the miners’ strike, becoming even more timid as Corporate America sharpened its teeth. Regardless, the 1977–1978 strike remains the greatest expression of resistance to the neoliberal turn at that time. Miners were at the forefront of the rank-and-file struggles of the 1970s—and what they sought to defend in that strike are those things that we must recapture today: solidarity, militancy, and a willingness to use the strike weapon and shut down production—by force if necessary. As Dave Forms argued thirty-two years ago, in words that still apply today, “I think people better realize it’s not just the UMWA, It’s the entire labor movement under attack and it’s just a one by one deal. They knock one of us down and then they go after another. And it will affect everyone.”82 Cal Winslow, “Two miners talk about why they are striking,” Socialist Worker(U.S.), December 1977. Cited in Sam Gilden, “Viewpoint: one-sided class war: The UAW-GM 2007 negotiations,” Labor Notes, October 29, 2007, http://www.labornotes.org/node/1423 . Reported numbers seem to vary—in both the left-wing and mainstream press—from 160,000 to183,000 miners. James Green, “Holding the line: miners’ militancy and the strike of 1978,” Radical America 12, no. 3, May–June 1978, 4. “The Three-Mile Island of coal,” Socialist Worker, January 16, 2009, http://socialistworker.org/2009/01/16/th... . Adam Turl, “Death and the Willow Lake Mine,” Socialist Worker, July 20, 2010 and Alan Maass, “When miners lives’ come last,” Socialist Worker, April 7, 2010. “The right to strike,” Socialist Worker, December 1977. Sharon Smith, Subterranean Fire: A History of Working-Class Radicalism in the United States (Chicago: Haymarket Books, 2006), 208. Kim Moody and Jim Woodward, Battle Line: The Coal Strike of ’78 (Detroit: Sun Press, 1978), 28–29. Paul Clark, The Miners’ Fight for Democracy, New York State School of Industrial and Labor Relations (Ithaca, NY: ILR Press, 1981), 1–3. Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 33. During the long reign of UMWA president John L. Lewis, miners had lost the right to vote on their own contracts. Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 17. Ibid, 19. Green, “Holding the line,” 4–5. Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 29. Ibid, 20–21. See also Chris Seltzer, “A strike that ended an era,” Nation, May 6, 1978. Also important (see Moody) was the large number of steel companies that had controlling interest in the coalfields. As the U.S. steel industry collapsed in the late 1970s (and died in the 1980s) they sought desperately to keep costs down in the coal industry, which remained profitable throughout the same time period. In addition, steel companies felt they had a superior safety record and resented wildcats starting in other coal mines and spreading into their concerns. “Rank and file miners can still win coal strike,” Socialist Worker, January 1978. Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 27. “The right to strike,” 3. Green, “Holding the line,” 6. Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 14–15. “Coal; wildcats rampant,” Economist, September 6, 1975. Cited in Mike Yarrow, “What the miners really want,” Nation, March 4, 1978, 232. Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 15–16. Admittedly, that seems like a lot by 2010 standards. Green, “Holding the line,” 14–16. Winslow, “Two miners talk,” 3. Ibid. Green, “Holding the line,” 15. Winslow, “Two miners talk,” 2. Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 54–56. Kim Moody, Struggle in the Coal Fields (Detroit: Sun Press, 1974), 2–6. Yarrow, “What miners really want,” 233. Ibid. Cited in Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 38–39. Ibid. See also Green, “Holding the line.” Ward Sinclair, “To the miners, it boils down to medical cards and wildcats,”Washington Post, February 20, 1978. Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 27–35. Helen Dewar, “Tentative coal pact is reached,” Washington Post, February 7, 1978. Winslow, “Two miners talk,” 2. “Pray for the dead, but fight like hell for the living,” Socialist Worker, February 1978. Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 46–50. Ibid, 39. “Coal output cut more than expected,” Southern Illinoisan, December 30, 1977; Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 39; and Yarrow, “What miners really want,” 232 “Coal stocks dwindling,” Chemical Week, January 11, 1978. Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 39 and Yarrow, “What miners really want,” 230. There seems to be some confusion here. Moody reports a vote of twenty-three to thirteen while Yarrow reports a vote of thirty to six. Regardless, the council was “considered pro-Miller” so its rejection of the deal signals the immense pressure from rank-and-file miners against the agreement. Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 46. Ibid., 47 and Helen Dewar, “Coal industry softens stand in strike talks,” Washington Post, February 18, 1978. The newfound mood for compromise was probably furthered by the strike’s growing impact on capital more generally. The Globe and Mail reported on February 15, 1978, that the strike had contributed to losses on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). See “NYSE posts sharp decline as effects of strike spread,” Globe and Mail (Canada), February 15, 1978. Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 48. Ibid, 49–50. Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 53. Ibid. Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 40. Ibid., 38–41. Barbara Schechter, “Miners line up for aid,” Southern Illinoisan, December 21, 1977. Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 53. “Not much chance coal strike can be averted now,” Southern Illinoisan, December 4, 1977. See Yarrow, “What miners really want,” 232 and “They’re mining coal at Sarpy Creek,” Southern Illinoisan, December 21, 1977. Barbara Schechter, “Striking miners damage docks,” Southern Illinoisan, December 27, 1977. Barbara Schechter, “Miners set mass meeting,” Southern Illinoisan, December 26, 1977. Barbara Schechter, “Striking miners damage docks,” Southern Illinoisan, December 27, 1977. “Talks recess; miners dump coal,” Southern Illinoisan, December 20, 1977, and Robert Grupp, “Vandals dump some coal from train near Sesser,” Southern Illinoisan, December 22, 1977. “Strikers attempt to block E. Tennessee coal mining,” Washington Post, January 4, 1978. “The bitter fight in the mines,” Socialist Worker, January 1978. “Retirees lose pensions, but miners fight on,” Socialist Worker, February 1978. Cal Winslow, “Bill Worthington wants a new movement,” Socialist Worker, February 1978. Important here was the “Miners’ Right to Strike Committee” (MRSC), which was spearheaded by members of the Maoist Revolutionary Union (RU). The MRSC organized some important meetings and helped expose the contract sellouts. However the MRSC was fairly small and sometimes the RU’s Maoist policies alienated some miners. See Green, “Holding the line.” Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 54–55 and Green,“Holding the line,”12–14. “District 17 miners discuss the threat of Western coal,” Socialist Worker, February 1978. George Wilson and Dan Morgan, “President invokes Taft-Hartley Act,” Washington Post, March 7, 1978. Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 43. Ibid. Green, “Holding the line,” 24–25 and Moody and Woodward, Battle Line, 69–73. “The lessons of the miners’ strike,” Socialist Worker, April 1978. “After 109 days,” Washington Post, March 26, 1978. “The coal wildcats have stopped snarling,” Business Week (Industrial Edition), July 31, 1978. See Joe Allen, “PATCO’s twenty-fifth anniversary: Return to work or you’re fired,”International Socialist Review 49, September–October 2006. See Jeff Goodell, Big Coal: The Dirty Secret Behind America’s Energy Future (New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2006) and Adam Turl, “The Saudi Arabia of Coal,”International Socialist Review 56, November–December 2007, http://www.isreview.org/issues/56/rev-co... . Winslow, “Two miners talk,” 3.	i don't know
Which American President saw active service in both the first and second World Wars?	Which American President saw active service in both the first and second World Wars? View the step-by-step solution to: Which American President saw active service in both the first and second World Wars? This question was answered on Jun 04, 2016. View the Answer Which American President saw active service in both the first and second World Wars? AldenAgosto posted a question · Jun 04, 2016 at 6:42am Top Answer Here's the explanation you needed for... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29914844) ]} Prof.Rancho answered the question · Jun 04, 2016 at 6:43am Other Answers The answer to this question... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29914848) ]} {[ getNetScore(29914849) ]} Kid_Flower_Stork15 answered the question · Jun 04, 2016 at 6:44am he would be Dwight Eisenhower . After graduating from West Point in 1915,... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29914888) ]} What does this mean " Chinese restaurants started as a service for the bachelor communities of Chinese immigrants in isolated ranches, logging camps, mining Recently Asked Questions Need a World History tutor? jood.amc 4 World History experts found online! Average reply time is less than an hour Get Homework Help Why Join Course Hero? Course Hero has all the homework and study help you need to succeed! We’ve got course-specific notes, study guides, and practice tests along with expert tutors and customizable flashcards—available anywhere, anytime. - - Study Documents Find the best study resources around, tagged to your specific courses. Share your own to gain free Course Hero access or to earn money with our Marketplace. - Question & Answers Get one-on-one homework help from our expert tutors—available online 24/7. Ask your own questions or browse existing Q&A threads. Satisfaction guaranteed! - Flashcards Browse existing sets or create your own using our digital flashcard system. A simple yet effective studying tool to help you earn the grade that you want!	Dwight D. Eisenhower
What nationality was painter Salvador Dali?	Military Roots: Presidents who were Veterans - Veterans Health Administration Veterans Health Administration VA » Veterans Health Administration » Military Roots: Presidents who were Veterans Veterans Health Administration Tweet George Washington marshaled an out-numbered, ill-trained army to victory over the British by learning the importance of simply keeping his army intact and winning an occasional victory to rally public support. William Henry Harrison was a soldier, farmer, and outdoorsman; but his term as President would end prematurely. He caught a cold after giving a two hour inaugural address without a coat or hat and would die in office just three weeks later. Ulysses S. Grant attended West Point against his will and graduated in the middle of his class with no intention of pursuing a military career; he wanted to become a professor of mathematics. On D-Day, 1944, Dwight Eisenhower was Supreme Commander of the troops invading France. Presidents who Served in the Military George Washington: Revolutionary War (Continental Army) James Monroe: Revolutionary War (Continental Army) Andrew Jackson: War of 1812 (Army) William Henry Harrison: Indian campaigns (Army) John Tyler: War of 1812 (Army) Zachary Taylor: War of 1812, Black Hawk War, Second Seminole War, Mexican-American War (Army) Franklin Pierce: Mexican War (Army) Abraham Lincoln: Black Hawk War (Indian Wars) (Army) Andrew Johnson: Civil War (Army) Ulysses S. Grant: Mexican War and Civil War (Army) Rutherford B. Hayes: Civil War (Army) James A. Garfield: Civil War (Army) Chester A. Arthur: Civil War (Army) Benjamin Harrison: Civil War (Army) William McKinley: Civil War (Army) Theodore Roosevelt: Spanish American War (Army) Harry Truman: World War I (Army) Dwight Eisenhower: World War I and World War II (Army) John F. Kennedy: World War II (Navy) Lyndon B. Johnson: World War II (Navy) Richard Nixon: World War II (Navy) Gerald Ford: World War II (Navy) Jimmy Carter: Cold War era (Navy) Ronald Reagan: World War II (Air Force) George H.W. Bush: World War II (Navy) George W. Bush: Vietnam War era (Air Force Reserve) For some Presidents of the United States, the title “Commander-in-Chief” was their first association with the military, but a majority of our country’s leaders came to office as Veterans. The first President of the United States, George Washington, set an important precedent by entering the Presidency as a civilian, rather than as a commanding general with military forces at his disposal. Washington voluntarily resigned his commission as commander of the Continental Army in December 1783 before re-entering public service four years later. He presided over the Constitutional Convention in 1787 and became the only President in American history to receive a vote from every elector. Partisanship soon became the norm in American politics, but the value of military service remained an important quality that citizens sought in their President. Twenty-six of our 44 Presidents served in the military. The prevalence of Presidential Veterans often corresponded with America’s military engagements and generals’ success on the battlefield. Until World War II, a majority of our Presidents had served in the Army; since then, most served in the Navy. Post-Revolutionary War America marked an era of constant conflict – skirmishes with Native Americans, land disputes with the Spanish and French, another war with Great Britain – and the military offered an opportunity for a bright, aspiring man to make a name for himself. Our ninth President, William Henry Harrison, embarked on his military career at age 18, enlisting 80 men off the streets of Philadelphia to serve in the Northwest Territory. Harrison quickly rose through the ranks and distinguished himself in battle during the Indian campaigns in what is now the Midwest. The strategies and outcomes of Harrison’s battles were mixed, but relentless force won out and he became the talk of the nation. Civil War Veteran Ulysses S. Grant also gained national acclaim for his military service. Grant was a West Point graduate who fought in the Mexican War, but it was his calm, steely command of Union troops during the Civil War that earned Lincoln’s confidence. As President, Grant presided over the government much as he had run the Army. The Civil War produced seven Veteran Presidents in the post-war period, all of them having served in the Union Army. Past Presidents did not use military experience solely as a catalyst to power. Spanish-American War Veteran Theodore Roosevelt was a man of action both in war and in peace. In 1902, he was the first to call upon the services of the international Court of Arbitration at The Hague to resolve the differences between the United States and Mexico. He also served as mediator between Japan and Russia, leading them to a 1905 peace treaty. The First and Second World Wars ushered in another series of Veteran Presidents, starting with Harry Truman and West Point graduate General Dwight Eisenhower. Both men exemplified the strengths of military training by proving themselves to be diplomatic, dynamic leaders in an unstable world. The Truman Doctrine, pledging American support for “free peoples” around the world, followed by Eisenhower’s enforcement of desegregation in U.S. schools, after Brown vs. Board of Education, by sending troops to Little Rock, Ark. shaped America’s foreign and domestic policies ever since. The nation’s most recent Veteran President was George W. Bush, who served with the Texas Air National Guard. Bush presided over the most dramatic reorganization of the federal government since the beginning of the Cold War, reforming the intelligence community and establishing new institutions like the Department of Homeland Security in response to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. Internationally, Bush commanded the U.S. military in a new type of battle: the ‘War on Terror.’ The evolution of warfare has introduced many new tactical and technical dynamics to the U.S. military, but the core qualities of decision-making and inspiring leadership remain. In spite of, or perhaps because of, the hardships they have endured, OEF/OIF/OND Veterans will most likely be among the next generation of Veteran Presidents to serve in America’s highest military office: Commander-in-Chief.	i don't know
The name Wendy was first made up in which famous book?	The Straight Dope: Was the name Wendy invented for the book "Peter Pan"? A Staff Report from the Straight Dope Science Advisory Board Was the name Wendy invented for the book "Peter Pan"? December 17, 2002 Dear Straight Dope: Here's a rumor (and by rumor I mean one of those E-mail-lore things): The name Wendy was made-up for the book Peter Pan. As I have a friend so named, is this true? — Craig Cormier One simple click here shows us that the name Wendy was invented in 1973 for the "Superfriends" cartoon on ABC, the name Marvin having been previously invented by Mel Blanc in the 50s for a series of Bugs Bunny cartoons. Next question? All kidding aside, J. M. Barrie did not invent the name Wendy for his 1904 play Peter Pan, the Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up (the book form of the story, Peter and Wendy, was published in 1911). He did popularize it, though. Barrie apparently was inspired to use the name by a young friend named Margaret Henley, the daughter of writer William Henley. Margaret, who died around 1895 at age 6, called Barrie her "friendy." Since she couldn't pronounce her Rs at the time, the word came out "fwendy," or "fwendy-wendy," in some versions of the story. But we have absolute proof that there were earlier Wendys, thanks to the just-released 1880 U.S. Census and the 1881 British Census (available here ). These documents show that the name Wendy, while not common, was indeed used in both the U.S. and Great Britain throughout the 1800s. I had no trouble finding twenty females with the first name Wendy in the United States, the earliest being Wendy Gram of Ohio (born in 1828). If you include such spelling variations as Windy, Wendi, Wenda, and Wandy the number triples. As to the origins of said name, websites here and here make the claim that Wendy is a derivative of the name Gwendolen or maybe Gwendolyn. Looking further, I chanced upon World Wide Wendy , a site dedicated to, well, all things Wendy. On this site, Doctor of Folklore Leslie Ellen Jones discusses the possible Welsh origins of the name Gwendolyn and its derivative Wendy. In both the English and U.S. Census, however, the name Wendy is also used as a male first name, so I suspect further research may be required. Of course, if you go back a few centuries and head east a mite, we have the Chinese emperor Wendi of the Sui dynasty (541-604), and before that the Great Emperor Wendi of the Han dynasty (179 BC-157 BC). But that's stretching it a bit far, don'tcha think? Further reference:	Peter Pan
What 1948 novel was originally going to be called The Last Man in Europe?	Wendy name meaning The name Wendy is a baby girl name . Meaning German Meaning: The name Wendy is a German baby name . In German the meaning of the name Wendy is: Family; Wanderer. American Meaning: The name Wendy is an American baby name . In American the meaning of the name Wendy is: Family; Wanderer. English Meaning: The name Wendy is an English baby name . In English the meaning of the name Wendy is: Literary; a created name that first appeared in James Banie's Peter Pan. Numerology SoulUrge Number: 5 People with this name have a deep inner desire for travel and adventure, and want to set their own pace in life without being governed by tradition. Expression Number: 8 People with this name are competent, practical, and often obtain great power and wealth. They tend to be successful in business and commercial affairs, and are able to achieve great material dreams. Because they often focus so strongly on business and achievement, they may neglect their private lives and relationships. Rate this name:	i don't know
Which famous novel was based on the real-life exploits of Alexander Selkirk?	Trapped on a Pacific Island: Scientists Research the Real Robinson Crusoe - SPIEGEL ONLINE Trapped on a Pacific Island: Scientists Research the Real Robinson Crusoe Trapped on a Pacific Island Scientists Research the Real Robinson Crusoe Generations of children have been spellbound by Robinson Crusoe's exploits, but few are aware of the real-life figure who inspired the classic. Now, 300 years after he left his island prison, scientists have pieced together how the real Crusoe managed to survive. By Marco Evers Feedback What was it he had seen? A fire burning on an uninhabited island in the South Pacific? The next day, the captain of the Duke, an English buccaneer ship, sent an armed party to the island to investigate. When the men returned to the ship, they brought along two surprises: large numbers of spiny lobsters and a shaggy creature. The figure that climbed on board the Duke on Feb. 2, 1709 was apparently human, but wild as an animal, barefoot and covered in goatskin. The creature, extremely agitated, was only able to stammer a few barely comprehensible words at first, but they were enough to become immortal. In his novel, first published in 1719, Daniel Defoe named the islander "Robinson Crusoe." But the real Robinson was a man named Alexander Selkirk. He was a Scotsman, the seventh son of a shoemaker from the village of Lower Largo, near Edinburgh. He had spent four years and four months on Más a Tierra, a windswept island in the Juan Fernandez archipelago, 650 kilometers (404 miles) off the coast of Chile. He was as alone as a human being can be. For Selkirk, there was no "Man Friday," a character Defoe created for his novel. Unlike his literary equivalent, Selkirk was also not shipwrecked. Instead his captain had simply left him stranded after a longstanding quarrel. He must have looked on in disbelief as his ship sailed away over the horizon. Among the few items he had been left were some articles of clothing, a knife, an axe, a gun, navigation devices, a cooking pot, tobacco and a bible. On the 300th anniversary of his return to human society, scientists can now paint a clear picture of Selkirk's island existence. They believe that they now know how and where he lived, partly through some of his personal effects that have now been discovered. His life after being rescued can also be reconstructed, providing a portrait of the real Robinson that is not always flattering -- and yet typical of the type of rogue who took to the seas in those days. Selkirk the sailor was a pirate, a drinker and a short-tempered ruffian. Born into a troubled family, he fled to sea when he was barely 17. Working on privateer ships in the Mediterranean and Caribbean, he robbed Spaniards and Frenchmen. Although he was not unintelligent, even working his way up to the position of navigator, his temperament was precarious. Selkirk had apparently always had trouble getting along with other people, which was perhaps precisely why he endured his solitary confinement on the island so successfully. From the Magazine Find out how you can reprint this DER SPIEGEL article in your publication. David Caldwell, 57, is an archeologist at the Scottish National Museum in Edinburgh. Ordinarily, his field is Scottish history, which he usually studies from the comfort of his office. But when Daisuke Takahashi, a Japanese Robinson Crusoe fanatic, asked Caldwell to travel with him to the castaway's island, it was an offer he couldn't resist. Enthusiast Takahashi had obtained funding for his expedition from the National Geographic Society, but he needed a real academic as his partner. Caldwell was certainly qualified. Two of the better Selkirk relics are in his museum's collection: a drinking vessel that the pirate may have carved himself, and a sea chest of northern Italian origin, which Caldwell believes Selkirk captured in the Mediterranean. The men spent more than a month on the island, which was officially renamed Robinson Crusoe Island in 1966. It is still a quiet place, home to about 600 people today, most of them spiny lobster fishermen. It has two unpaved roads and barely two dozen vehicles. There is no restaurant or even a bar. Cruise ships occasionally drop anchor at Robinson Crusoe en route from the Galapagos Islands to Tierra del Fuego. The Spanish threat Caldwell and Takahashi recently described their findings in Post-Medieval Archaeology, an academic journal. They excavated at a site where Takahashi, who had traveled to the island before, believed Selkirk's camp might have been, a well-protected clearing on a volcanic hillside, almost 300 meters (980 feet) above sea level, surrounded by brambles. Selkirk chose not to live on the beach, because it was too dangerous. Although he had no cannibals to fear, as Robinson did in the novel, the Spaniards were a threat. They would have killed him on the spot or turned him into a slave. The team soon discovered the remains of a Spanish ammunition chest. The Spaniards had reoccupied the island in 1750 to prevent their enemies from continuing to use it as a safe haven. But Caldwell found two older fire sites underneath the chamber -- and the charred remains of bones in them. Around the site, the scientists discovered holes in the ground that had apparently once accommodated posts. Perhaps Selkirk had built a hut there, they conjectured. When Caldwell sifted through the excavated dirt, he discovered the strongest evidence of Selkirk's presence: an angular, pointed piece of bronze, 1.6 centimeters long. He assigned no importance to the find at first, until he realized that the shape of the metal piece matched that of the lower arm of a divider, which was known to be part of Selkirk's navigation equipment. Caldwell believes that the castaway had used his divider for crafts and damaged it in the process. A metallurgical test revealed that the metal could have come from Cornwall. "This," says the historian, "is the kind of strong evidence one rarely gets in archeology." From his campsite, Selkirk faced a steep ascent of another 300 meters to his observation post at the top of the mountain, where he probably spent several hours every day. If he spotted a sail, he had to decide whether it belonged to friend or foe. Should he light a signal fire or remain concealed? He sighted a few ships, and two, both of them Spanish, even landed on the island -- but he managed to escape detection. The first eight months were a struggle for Selkirk: a pirate hungry for gold and adventure, he fell into a depression. But over time he began to make a home for himself. Of all the islands Selkirk could have ended up on, this one was practically tailor-made for a castaway. His life soon improved, so much so that he may have been better off than ever before or would ever be again in the future. He was a prisoner, and yet he was freer than ever. The climate was mild almost all year and usually dry, there were no poisonous or dangerous animals and there were freshwater streams. Fat seals lounged on the beach, spiny lobsters and many varieties of fish populated the lagoons, and edible plants thrived on land, including wild berries, watercress, a form of black pepper and a plant that tasted like cabbage. The only thing he lacked was salt, as he later told his rescuers. Goats, cats and rats Selkirk was not the first person to live there. In 1575, Spanish explorers brought goats to the island, and subsequent ships brought cats and rats, as well as radishes and parsnips. Selkirk tamed feral cats so that they would defend him against the rats that nibbled on his feet at night. But a herd of wild goats became his greatest source of amusement. Hunting goats became a sport for Selkirk. He learned to outrun them and throw them to the ground while running. He released many of them but, as he told his rescuers, he killed 500 goats for their meat and skins. He even recorded each goat he killed. He must have satisfied his sexual urges through masturbation, although there is some debate among experts as to whether he might have had sex with goats. To satisfy his need for communication, Selkirk read the bible, prayed, meditated and sang psalms. He confided in his rescuers that he had never been as good a Christian as he was on the island, and that he doubted whether he would ever be one again. Selkirk, in his early 30s, was in much better health than the sailors who rescued him. Half of the crew had contracted scurvy after a miserable voyage from England. But Selkirk moved with ease. The soles of his feet had become so calloused that he could outrun the ship's dog on the sharp terrain of his volcanic island. He was unable to wear shoes at first -- or tolerate rum. For almost three years, Selkirk sailed around the world with the buccaneers who had rescued him. They fought, robbed and extorted their enemies, and all with the blessing of the Crown, because their victims were the enemies of their country. At the end of 1711, Selkirk returned to England with a sizeable fortune. He became an instant celebrity, trading his stories for food and drink in pubs. Archeologist Caldwell speculates that this is where Daniel Defoe may have met him. But Selkirk was unhappy in the civilized world, and he longed for his island. A journalist quoted him as saying: "I now have 800 pounds, but never again will I be as happy as I was then, when I had not a single quarter penny." He drank and fought and was married to two women at the same time. But eventually he fled back to the sea, this time as a lieutenant in the navy. His life came to an abrupt end at 45. On Dec. 12, 1721, he died of yellow fever off the coast of West Africa and was buried at sea. Robinson Crusoe was already a groundbreaking success by then. Today Defoe's work is celebrated as the first novel in the English language. There is one Selkirk mystery that remains unsolved. According to the accounts of his travels, the castaway kept a diary of sorts on Más a Tierra. The diary is also mentioned in a letter from one of his widows. But what happened to his notes? Archeologist Caldwell has a theory. Shortly after Selkirk's death, his writings fell into the hands of the Duke of Hamilton, the richest nobleman in Scotland. When his descendants needed money, in the 19th century, they auctioned off paintings and collections at Christie's in London. The nascent German Empire was a major buyer at this auction. Caldwell's theory suggests that if the diary of the real Robinson Crusoe still exists, it could be somewhere in Berlin today. "I would speculate that it is most likely on a forgotten shelf in the Berlin State Library - Prussian Cultural Heritage," says Caldwell. Translated from the German by Christopher Sultan Article...	Robinson Crusoe
Which of Shakespeare's plays has a title which is also a proverb?	Five Adventure Books Based On Real People - 1723 Articles - A Barrel Full of Trivia A Barrel Full of Trivia Weird Five Adventure Books Based On Real People They say that art imitates life and this is no more true than the characters written about in these five adventure books. Tales of chivalry, swashbuckling, survival, and mystery are thought to have sprung from the minds of genius, but in reality, the stories were written from the evening news! While we marvel at the heroic deeds of these heroes, in actuality, the authors were merely retelling the stories that were well-known during their day. Truth is often stranger than fiction and that can be found in these following classical stories. ROBINSON CRUSOE This story of a castaway, written by Daniel Defoe in 1719, comes from the real life events of a Scottish sailor named Alexander Selkirk, who survived on the island of Más a Tierra off the coast of Chile in the Pacific Ocean for four years. Selkirk, unlike the fictional Robinson Crusoe, willingly chose to be a castaway by refusing to sail any further on a leaky ship. During his time on the island, Selkirk became a master of survival, living off of feral goats and building two structures to live in. The story also mentions encounters with cannibals and a companion, Crusoe named Friday (after the day he found him), but these people were found only in the mind of Defoe. The only people Selkirk saw on the island were Spanish sailors whom he avoided because they were the enemies of England. Selkirk was eventually rescued and returned to his homeland where he told his story which was fictionalized eleven years later. THE THREE MUSKETEERS Author Alexandre Dumas wrote this swashbuckling tale set in France during the reign of Louis XV. The three musketeers (named Athos, Aramis, and Porthos) were friends and a part of the king’s personal guard. Dumas made it clear that these names were only nicknames of the famous sword fighters because they did not want to ruin their family’s name by being mere soldiers. Together they fight the treacherous Cardinal Richelieu and his guard and protect France from treason and villainy. The story is centered around a young swordsman from Gascony, named D’Artagnan, who becomes the protege of the three musketeers. They teach him to fight, love, and drink like a true musketeer. All of the main characters are real people. They were all musketeers and the King, Queen, and Cardinal Richelieu were all based on real historical figures. The musketeers were all born around 1615-1620, along with D’Artagnan. Their real names were: Charles de Batz-Castelmore d’Artagnan (D’Artagnan), Armand de Sillegue d’Athos (Athos), Henri, Seigneur d’Aramitz (Aramis), and Isaac de Porthau (Porthos). They were known for their qualities and skills, just like in the book. In addition to these famous characters, the villain, the Countess d’Winter, was an actual English spy named Lucy Hays who was known as The Countess of Carlisle – and she did steal the Duke of Buckingham’s jewels! For more information, read: T he Real Three Musketeers. THE COUNT OF MONTE CRISTO Another story by Alexander Dumas, The Count of Monte Cristo, is about a French sailor named, Edmond Dantès, who is falsely imprisoned so that he cannot marry his true love, Mercedes. In the story, in prison, he meets a fellow inmate, Abbé Faria (The Mad Priest), who educates Dantès on politics, language, culture and science. He also tells Dantès where he can find a vast treasure buried on an island called Monte Cristo. After eight years of instruction, the old priest dies and Dantès escapes to discover the treasure. He returns to France as a rich man and seeks his revenge on those that wrongly imprisoned him. The story is partially true. It is based on the exploits of Louis Napoleon, the grandson of Napoleon Bonaparte. He would become known as Napoleon III, the emperor of France. Louis Napoleon was also imprisoned for life and escaped only to return a rich and powerful man. The island of Monte Cristo comes from an actual island off the coast of Italy that Dumas sailed around with Prince Louis Bonaparte – the cousin of the real life Edmond Dantès! KING ARTHUR AND THE KNIGHTS OF THE ROUND TABLE The tale of King Arthur and his knights of the round table is the result of several British and French authors starting in the 1200s. It describes the tales of a chivalrous king and his heroic knights and the adventures that they had while fighting evil and injustice. King Arthur was eventually betrayed by his cousin, Mordred, and traveled to the mystical island of Avalon where he rests to this day to be called back to save England. So how could this story be true? While most of the story is made up of myths, there were some legendary historical figures and places that were used. Places like Tintagel Castle (the place of Arthur’s birth), the battle of Baden Hill (of which took place in 500AD), and Cadbury Fort (the real Camelot) can still be found in Britain. Arthur, which is a Roman name, was probably a man known as “Rigotamos” or Supreme King who’s Roman name was “Artorios”. He was sent by Pope Leo I, in 467AD to stop the Saxon invasions from what is now Germany. This would put him in Britain about the time of the battle of Baden Hill. He was betrayed by a lieutenant, wounded, and fled to a place called…Avalon. TREASURE ISLAND This novel was written by Scotsman, Robert Louis Stevenson, published in 1883. It is a story about buried treasure, pirates, and a young boy who becomes entwined with this daring sea adventure based in the Caribbean. While the story is purely fictional, many aspects of the book are based on true facts. The idea of buried treasure has often been rumored by the famous pirate, Blackbeard (Edward Teach). He was a terror of the Americas and the Caribbean from 1713-1718. While there is some doubt that Blackbeard really buried treasure, the famous character of Long John Silver is well known by readers of the book (and some deep-fried fast food fish lovers). This character is based off of a peg-legged sea captain from Virginia, called John Lloyd and his brother, Owen. These two merchant captains made off with one of the biggest Spanish silver hauls in all of piracy. The incident had four European countries in a turmoil as the silver was lost and, supposedly buried in a real place called, Norman Island, in the British Virgin Islands.	i don't know
What were the christian names of the three Bronte sisters?	'The Brontë Cabinet' sets the three fabled sisters in context - CSMonitor.com 'The Brontë Cabinet' sets the three fabled sisters in context Latest News Three Lives in Nine Objects By Deborah Lutz View Caption of Gentle reader, beware: The Brontë Cabinet is no ordinary biography. Anyone wanting direct narration of the Brontë sisters’ lives should look elsewhere. Those who do read this book will follow the Brontës but will also be redirected into shadowy spaces where bodies have left stains, feet have passed, and locks of hair have been hoarded. In these pursuits, Deborah Lutz is a bit like a 19th-century medium gathering the objects of the dead at a séance. She gathers and interprets the objects, actions, and landscapes that inflected a family of authors, of women, of nineteenth-century thinkers. Her auguries turn on things as varied as potato peelings, dog collars, albums, sewing boxes, and hiking trails. She investigates the places where objects provoke an almost physical sense of encounter. She reads things to see what they might tell her about life and about literature. This is to say, she leaps between objects and disciplines to craft an unusual cultural history – not just about a family of authors but about reading itself. This is a rich pursuit, and not unsurprisingly, Lutz’s first chapter is about books themselves: Lutz offers a close reading of how the Brontës (and early Victorians generally) used and treasured them, how they valued, touched, wrote in, and stored leaves and letters in their volumes. Because the Brontë sisters were born in an era when all paper was extremely dear, Lutz explores what it meant for them to hoard paper and use books in play. Recommended: How much do you know about women's literature? During the 1820s the Brontë sisters (Anne, Charlotte, and Emily, possibly occasionally aided by their brother, Branwell), began producing literally hundreds of miniature books, some including watercolor illustrations, many with a private handwriting that was too small for adults to read. Lutz suggests what these objects might have meant to budding writers: “Minuscule books initially fit well with their child bodies, as if the books were emanations of those undersized fingertips and palms. Or little worlds for small bodies to climb into, open sesame.” Photos of the Day Photos of the day 01/19 Lutz reads this close-held bodily magic not only through its productions in an early-19th-century childhood but also off the cultural position of paper in the surrounding society. She writes that “the closeness of body and book was an ordinary feature of daily life in the nineteenth century, a relationship no longer obvious today.... Through a long chain of recycling, clothes that kept limbs covered became reading matter. Printed paper was then reused to line cupboards and pie plates ... and [as] toilet paper.” Lutz argues that the life stages of books intertwined them “with fleshly parts other than eyes.” Being near paper was like being near bodies and their functions – ingestion, digestion – and paper and books could hold traces of each body’s unique presence. This worldview makes it into written texts themselves: For instance, in Charlotte Brontë’s "Villette", Paulina feels an almost dangerous physical intimacy with a man she hasn’t seen for decades, simply by opening one of his books. In her next chapter, Lutz enters another daily world, one of housework and embroidery, again asking what it might tell us about the makings of literature. Sewing was, she reminds us, what many hours of any woman’s life were made of, whether or not that woman was scribbling out timeless literature on the side. Writing and sewing often became proxies for each other: The Brontës often wrote letters about the large amount of sewing they had to do. Conversely, when the Brontës did find a moment to write, they often found themselves called away by the appearance of needing to attend to household chores, especially in a time when “it was not thought proper for young ladies to study very conspicuously.” One remembers that, like the Brontë sisters, Jane Austen was known to put down her novel and pick up her needle as soon as company arrived. Yet Lutz notes that stitchery is also a fair proxy for the writing process. (One thinks of Mary Shelley threading the pieces of "Frankenstein" together while also sewing baby clothes). As Lutz notes, “It is no accident that the character who ‘tells’ most of the story of 'Wuthering Heights' is the servant Nelly Dean, who sews as she spins out the tale." In Emily Brontë’s novel, “storytelling and needlework develop in tandem, the rhythms of one informing the cadence of the other. The female servant at her domestic work is given the agency to frame, reshape, and knot together the life-plots of those around her, something like the novelist herself.” Unsurprisingly, the child’s sampler links to the poem or short story; the thread becomes chronicler, and even descriptions of how characters hold needles become ways of accessing those characters’ inner lives. 'The Brontë Cabinet' makes many such circuits. Despite its being at once accessible and scholarly, one does occasionally feel that Lutz assumes her readers to already know the full outlines of the Brontë lives. The plot points of those three lives are always inferred through the objects – and even for this longtime fan, a tad more direct narration might have occasionally been of use. But it’s hard not to be touched by these compassionate investigations into traces, a method that itself seems to have more than a bit of the 19th century informing it. With deft care, Lutz weaves her authors back into their daily contexts, and from there, the stories they crafted speak even more urgently across time. Next up Get the Monitor stories you care about delivered to your inbox. Daily	anne charlotte and emily
Fun Lovin' Criminals' hit Love Unlimited is a tribute to which singer?	'The Brontë Cabinet' sets the three fabled sisters in context - CSMonitor.com 'The Brontë Cabinet' sets the three fabled sisters in context Latest News Three Lives in Nine Objects By Deborah Lutz View Caption of Gentle reader, beware: The Brontë Cabinet is no ordinary biography. Anyone wanting direct narration of the Brontë sisters’ lives should look elsewhere. Those who do read this book will follow the Brontës but will also be redirected into shadowy spaces where bodies have left stains, feet have passed, and locks of hair have been hoarded. In these pursuits, Deborah Lutz is a bit like a 19th-century medium gathering the objects of the dead at a séance. She gathers and interprets the objects, actions, and landscapes that inflected a family of authors, of women, of nineteenth-century thinkers. Her auguries turn on things as varied as potato peelings, dog collars, albums, sewing boxes, and hiking trails. She investigates the places where objects provoke an almost physical sense of encounter. She reads things to see what they might tell her about life and about literature. This is to say, she leaps between objects and disciplines to craft an unusual cultural history – not just about a family of authors but about reading itself. This is a rich pursuit, and not unsurprisingly, Lutz’s first chapter is about books themselves: Lutz offers a close reading of how the Brontës (and early Victorians generally) used and treasured them, how they valued, touched, wrote in, and stored leaves and letters in their volumes. Because the Brontë sisters were born in an era when all paper was extremely dear, Lutz explores what it meant for them to hoard paper and use books in play. Recommended: How much do you know about women's literature? During the 1820s the Brontë sisters (Anne, Charlotte, and Emily, possibly occasionally aided by their brother, Branwell), began producing literally hundreds of miniature books, some including watercolor illustrations, many with a private handwriting that was too small for adults to read. Lutz suggests what these objects might have meant to budding writers: “Minuscule books initially fit well with their child bodies, as if the books were emanations of those undersized fingertips and palms. Or little worlds for small bodies to climb into, open sesame.” Photos of the Day Photos of the day 01/19 Lutz reads this close-held bodily magic not only through its productions in an early-19th-century childhood but also off the cultural position of paper in the surrounding society. She writes that “the closeness of body and book was an ordinary feature of daily life in the nineteenth century, a relationship no longer obvious today.... Through a long chain of recycling, clothes that kept limbs covered became reading matter. Printed paper was then reused to line cupboards and pie plates ... and [as] toilet paper.” Lutz argues that the life stages of books intertwined them “with fleshly parts other than eyes.” Being near paper was like being near bodies and their functions – ingestion, digestion – and paper and books could hold traces of each body’s unique presence. This worldview makes it into written texts themselves: For instance, in Charlotte Brontë’s "Villette", Paulina feels an almost dangerous physical intimacy with a man she hasn’t seen for decades, simply by opening one of his books. In her next chapter, Lutz enters another daily world, one of housework and embroidery, again asking what it might tell us about the makings of literature. Sewing was, she reminds us, what many hours of any woman’s life were made of, whether or not that woman was scribbling out timeless literature on the side. Writing and sewing often became proxies for each other: The Brontës often wrote letters about the large amount of sewing they had to do. Conversely, when the Brontës did find a moment to write, they often found themselves called away by the appearance of needing to attend to household chores, especially in a time when “it was not thought proper for young ladies to study very conspicuously.” One remembers that, like the Brontë sisters, Jane Austen was known to put down her novel and pick up her needle as soon as company arrived. Yet Lutz notes that stitchery is also a fair proxy for the writing process. (One thinks of Mary Shelley threading the pieces of "Frankenstein" together while also sewing baby clothes). As Lutz notes, “It is no accident that the character who ‘tells’ most of the story of 'Wuthering Heights' is the servant Nelly Dean, who sews as she spins out the tale." In Emily Brontë’s novel, “storytelling and needlework develop in tandem, the rhythms of one informing the cadence of the other. The female servant at her domestic work is given the agency to frame, reshape, and knot together the life-plots of those around her, something like the novelist herself.” Unsurprisingly, the child’s sampler links to the poem or short story; the thread becomes chronicler, and even descriptions of how characters hold needles become ways of accessing those characters’ inner lives. 'The Brontë Cabinet' makes many such circuits. Despite its being at once accessible and scholarly, one does occasionally feel that Lutz assumes her readers to already know the full outlines of the Brontë lives. The plot points of those three lives are always inferred through the objects – and even for this longtime fan, a tad more direct narration might have occasionally been of use. But it’s hard not to be touched by these compassionate investigations into traces, a method that itself seems to have more than a bit of the 19th century informing it. With deft care, Lutz weaves her authors back into their daily contexts, and from there, the stories they crafted speak even more urgently across time. Next up Get the Monitor stories you care about delivered to your inbox. Daily	i don't know
Richard Starkey is the real name of which famous musician?	Birth Name, Birth Names, Celebrities, Celebrity, Famous, Hip-Hop, Music, Musician, Musicians, Original Name, Original Names, Pop, Rap, Rapper, Rappers, Real Name, Real Names, Retro, Rock, Singer, Singers, Stage Name, Stage Names, Star, Stars, Thelaststraw Famous Musicians: Do you know their Real Names? You know them by their stage names, but what are the real names of Iggy Azalea, Ringo Starr, and Skrillex? Created by Translated by TheLastStraw on August 10, 2014 Original Article by	Ringo Starr
What famous heavy metal band is named after a medieval torture device?	Celebrity Real Names at BabyNames.com Sade 's real name is Helen Folasade Adu Singer Seal 's real name is Henry Olusegun Olumide Samuel Singer, Songwriter Siegfried 's real name is Siegfried Fischbacher White Tiger Tamer Sinbad 's real name is David Atkins Actor, Comedian Sisqo (Dru Hill) 's real name is Mark Durell Andrews Singer Sting 's real name is Gordon Matthew Sumner Singer, Songwriter, Musician Zoe Saldana's real name is Zoe Yadira Saldaña Nazario Actress George Sand's real name is Amandine-Aurore-Lucile Dudevant Author Mia Sara's real name is Mira Sarapocciello Actor Susan Sarandon's real name is Susan Tomaling Actor Dick Sargent's real name is Richard Cox Actor 2nd Darrin on TV's "Bewitched" Telly Savalas's real name is Aristotle Savalas Actor Diane Sawyer's real name is Lila Diana Sawyer TV Host Boz Scaggs's real name is William Royce Scaggs Musician Rod Serling's real name is Edwin Rodman Serling Director Creator of TV's "The Twilight Zone" Dr. Seuss's real name is Theodore Seuss Geisel Author Jane Seymour's real name is Joyce Penelope Wilhelmina Frankenberg Actor Tupac Shakur's real name is Lesane Parish Crooks Rapper Omar Sharif's real name is Michael Shalhoub Actor Artie Shaw's real name is Abraham Isaac Arshawasky Musician Charlie Sheen's real name is Carlos Irwin Estevez Actor Martin Sheen's real name is Ramon Estevez Actor Brooke Shields's real name is Christa Brooke Camille Shields Actor, Model Talia Shire's real name is Talia Coppola Actor M. Night Shyamalan's real name is Manoj Nelliyattu Shyamalan Director, Filmmaker Gene Simmons's real name is Chaim Witz Singer Nina Simone's real name is Eunice Waymon Singer Siouxsie Sioux's real name is Susan Dallion Singer Nikki Sixx's real name is Frank Farrano Musician from the band Motley Crue Ione Skye's real name is Ione Skye Leitch Actor Grace Slick's real name is Grace Barnett Wing Singer Anna Nicole Smith's real name is Vickie Lynn Hogan Model Keely Smith's real name is Dorothy Jaqueline Keely Singer Yeardley Smith's real name is Martha Maria Yeardley Smith Actor Voice of "Lisa Simpson" Cobie Smulders's real name is Jacoba Fransisca Maria Smulders Actress LeeLee Sobieski's real name is Liliane Rudabet Gloria Elsveta Sobieski Actor Kevin Spacey's real name is Kevin Spacey Fowler Actor Rick Springfield's real name is Richard Springthorpe Actor, Singer Yves St. Laurent's real name is Henri Donat Mathieu Designer Sylvester Stallone's real name is Michael Sylvester Enzio Stallone Actor Ringo Starr's real name is Richard Starkey Musician Cat Stevens's real name is Steve Georgiou Singer, Songwriter Fisher Stevens's real name is Steven Fisher Actor French Stewart's real name is Milton French Stewart Actor/Comedian Jon Stewart's real name is Jonathan Stuart Leibowitz TV Host Meryl Streep's real name is Mary Louise Streep Actor Barbra Streisand's real name is Barbara Jean Streisand Actor, Singer, Director Donna Summer's real name is LaDonna Adrian Gaines Singer Kiefer Sutherland's real name is William Frederick Dempsey George Sutherland Actor from TV's "24" Raven Symone's real name is Raven-Symone Christina Pearman Actress/Singer	i don't know
John Travolta and Olivia Newton John had UK number one hit singles in 1978 with which two songs?	Olivia Newton-John - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Your continued donations keep Wikipedia running! Olivia Newton-John [ edit ] Early life Newton-John was born in Cambridge , England. She is the granddaughter of Max Born , a German Nobel prize -winning physicist who fled from Germany with his wife in the 1930s in order to avoid persecution due to Born's Jewish heritage and his wife's part Jewish descent (although Olivia herself is a Christian ). Olivia's father, Brin Newton-John, originally from Wales , was an MI5 officer attached to the Enigma machine project at Bletchley Park , and the officer who took Rudolf Hess into custody when he parachuted into Scotland in May 1941. After World War II , he became a professor of German at the UNSW annex at Tighes Hill in Newcastle, Australia . In 1954, at the age of five, Newton-John, her parents Brin and Irene, and her older siblings Hugh and Rona, relocated to Melbourne, Australia , where her father had taken a job at Melbourne University as the Master of Ormond College . Her parents divorced when she was eleven years old. [ edit ] Early career Newton-John magazine pin-up, early 1970s By the age of 16, Newton-John had formed an all-girl band, Sol Four, and soon was a regular on local television (such as The Tarax Happy Show as Lovely Livvy) and radio shows in Australia. She entered a talent contest on the television programme Sing, Sing, Sing , hosted by 1960s Australian icon Johnny O'Keefe , and performed the songs "Anyone Who Had A Heart" and "Everything's Coming Up Roses." She won the contest and received a trip to England as the prize. Initially, she did not want to go, but her mother encouraged her to broaden her horizons. By 1963 , Newton-John was appearing on the local daytime TV shows and weekly pop programs in Australia. It was on the Go Show , where she met her lifelong friends, Pat Carroll and John Farrar . (Carroll and Farrar eventually married.) When she was 16 years old, Newton-John returned to England to live with her mother. Newton-John was homesick in England as she missed Australia and her then boyfriend, Ian Turpie (with whom she co-starred in an independently produced Australian telefilm Funny Things Happen Down Under ). This changed when friend Pat Carroll also moved to England. The two formed a duo and toured nightclubs in Europe. After Carroll's visa expired, and she had to return to Australia, Newton-John cut her first solo single, "Till You Say You'll Be Mine," backed with "For Ever," for Decca Records in England in 1966 . Newton-John's first album was titled Toomorrow [sic], which was also the name of her musical group at the time. They were the brainchild of American producer Don Kirshner , creator of The Monkees . The group also starred in the movie Toomorrow. Although the band and film were commercially unsuccessful, Newton-John's solo career started to take off with her first solo album titled Olivia Newton-John, which was released in the United Kingdom on Pye Records . Newton-John quickly became one of Britain's most popular singers. She was voted Best British Female Vocalist two years in a row by the magazine Record Mirror. In 1968 she met The Shadows ' guitarist Bruce Welch , to whom she became engaged until 1972 . They made appearances on Cliff Richard 's weekly show It's Cliff Richard and she starred with Cliff in the telefilm The Case . The critically-acclaimed 1975 album Have You Never Been Mellow continued success in the United States after she broke through the market the year before. Newton-John's first international hit was a song written by Bob Dylan called "If Not For You," which was produced by Bruce Welch and her friend John Farrar and released in 1971 . She represented the United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest in 1974 singing "Long Live Love" and came in at fourth place. Later in the year, the album If You Love Me, Let Me Know and the single " I Honestly Love You " were released in the United States , and "I Honestly Love You" became her first single to chart at #1 across the Atlantic . In 1975 , encouraged by expatriate Australian singer Helen Reddy , Newton-John left England and moved to the United States, where she became a popular singer in both country and popular music. The 1975 release of Have You Never Been Mellow yielded a #1 album and a #1 song (the title single), and helped to continue her U.S. success. She had three more #1 hits, including the song " Physical ", which stayed at #1 on the Billboard Hot 100 for ten weeks. She has received four Grammys in her career. In the country music field, she was respected and loved by fans as much as she was reviled by country purists who believed her brand of music had no place on country radio. In 1974, she won the Country Music Association Female Vocalist of the Year award, beating out such country heavyweights as Dolly Parton , Loretta Lynn , Lynn Anderson , Anne Murray and Tanya Tucker . Another country icon, Tammy Wynette , was not even nominated. Newton-John's win angered many pure country artists and fans, and perhaps as a direct result, some country artists and other influential personalities became members of a newly formed organization called the Association of Country Entertainers. Newton-John's music video for "Physical" was one of several that popularized this style of song promotion in the early 1980s; it became notorious upon its release due to it being banned in some locations because of the sensual nature of the video and its lyrics. Still, her international success kept her in the public eye and provided continued music sales for many years after. [ edit ] Film and television Olivia Newton-John as Sandy Olsson in Grease. Newton-John's film breakthrough came when she was offered the female lead in Grease ( 1978 ), after a chance meeting with producer Allan Carr at a party at Helen Reddy's house in Los Angeles . John Travolta , already chosen as the male lead in the movie, wanted Newton-John to be his co-star in the film, and he let his wishes be known to Carr and director Randal Kleiser before either of them met Newton-John. Concerned that she was either too old or not confident enough to play the part, Newton-John insisted on a screen test with Travolta. She liked what she saw when she viewed the test and then happily signed on for the project, shot in the summer of 1977 . The film was the biggest box office hit of 1978 and remained popular enough that it was re-released in theaters in the United States on its 20th anniversary. Two songs from the movie soundtrack, "You're The One That I Want" and " Summer Nights ", went to #1 on US and international charts and stood at the #1 position for nine and seven weeks respectively on the UK charts. Newton-John's solo number "Hopelessly Devoted To You" was also a hit. The album was also a huge hit in Australia and Newton-John attended the premieres in both Sydney and Melbourne. She was nominated for a Golden Globe as Best Actress in a Musical for her role in Grease. To follow this success, Newton-John released the album Totally Hot in 1978 with extensive promotion. The release was another critical and commercial success. It spawned the smash hit "A Little More Love," # 11 single "Deeper Than The Night," and the # 52 title track "Totally Hot." A more ambitious album than some of Newton-John's earlier releases, the record included both sexy up-tempo numbers (including a spirited remake of the Spencer Davis Group 's "Gimme Some Lovin"), alongside characteristically beautiful ballads. With this, Newton-John further established herself as one of the most versatile and appealing female pop vocalists of her generation. The album also cemented Newton-John's transformation into a sex symbol . In 1980 , she took the lead with Gene Kelly and Michael Beck in the musical feature film, Xanadu . While at the time, the movie was considered a critical and commercial failure, over the years, it has gained a considerable cult following . The Xanadu soundtrack had several commercially successful singles like " Magic ", " Suddenly " and the title-song " Xanadu ". Its production was a collaborative effort with Electric Light Orchestra and notable performance between Gene Kelly and The Tubes mixing swing and new wave punk. In 1981, Newton-John received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in recognition of her outstanding career. 1981 saw the release of Olivia's most successful studio album yet, Physical. The title track spent ten weeks at #1 on the Billboard hot 100. It saw further success with "Make A Move On Me" and "Landslide". Taking advantage of the brand-new MTV , Olivia filmed a video album for all 10 tracks, as well as a few older songs. In January 1982 , Olivia: Let's Get Physical aired on ABC and the video collection was subsequently released on home video. In 1983 , she re-teamed with John Travolta in the critically and commercially unsuccessful Two of a Kind, redeemed by fans as the source of a successful soundtrack including "Twist of Fate" and a new duet with Travolta, "Take a Chance". She also appeared in a dramatically different role in Del Shore's Sordid Lives as Bitsy Mae Harling, a lesbian ex-con country and western singer (a long way from her role as Sandy in Grease). Newton-John has done a body of television work as well. She starred in the television movies A Mom For Christmas and A Christmas Romance . She has also guest-starred in sitcoms (mostly as herself) such as Murphy Brown , Bette , and Ned and Stacey and the made for TV film The Wilde Girls, which featured her daughter Chloe Rose Lattanzi . Newton-John has also hosted Wild Life, a show about animals and nature, two major interests for Newton-John. She was a guest star in two episodes of the Australian series The Man From Snowy River as Joanna. [ edit ] Later career In 1983, Newton-John and longtime friend Pat Farrar founded Koala Blue , a chain of women's clothing boutiques, with the designs of the apparel based on the unique style and colours of Australia. The chain was successful for some time but eventually went out of business. However, Newton-John and Farrar have licensed the brand name for a line of Australian produced wines, confections, and other items. 1985 's Soul Kiss marked a downturn in popularity, spawning only one minor hit with the title track. 1988 's The Rumour didn't fare any better but has since become known as a gem in her vast catalog. It included, among it's treasures, a recording of the late Mark Heard 's "How To Grow Up To Be Big And Strong" featuring Heard on guitar. In 1992 Newton-John underwent breast cancer surgery, from which she recovered. She now actively promotes public awareness of the importance of early detection of the disease. In October 2005 , she released Stronger Than Before, an album promoting breast cancer awareness, sold exclusively through Hallmark Gold Crown® stores. She is currently raising funds to build the Olivia Newton-John Cancer Centre [1] . " The Main Event ". (CD) In 1998 Newton-John, John Farnham and Anthony Warlow formed a powerful trio on " The Main Event " tour which travelled to all major Australian capital cities and spawned a Top 10 CD which won an ARIA Award for Highest Selling Australian CD. In 2002 , Newton-John was inducted into the ARIA Hall of Fame . She sang the duet "Dare to Dream" with John Farnham at the Opening Ceremony of the 2000 Sydney Olympics . She was also an Olympic torch bearer, running the route around the Sydney Opera House on the eve of the opening ceremony. In 2002, Newton-John released 2, a duets album featuring singers such as Darren Hayes , Tina Arena , Jimmy Little and Billy Thorpe as well as heartfelt duet-tributes with Peter Allen and Johnny O'Keefe. The album went in the Top 5 in Australia, followed by a successful Australian tour playing in Australia's main cities' entertainment centres and theatres. 2004 saw the death of her mother Irene and the release of Indigo: Women of Song, a tribute album covering songs by The Carpenters , Minnie Riperton , Doris Day , Nina Simone , Joan Baez , and others. Newton-John dedicated the album to her mother and the record went gold in Australia. Newton-John continued with her U.S. tour in 2005 to support her new album Stronger Than Before. She chose the song "Serenity," a cut from this album which is based on a popular prayer, to end the show, instead of her signature closer, "I Honestly Love You." In November 2005, accompanied by long time friend Cliff Richard, she attended the Country Music Association Awards in New York City , where she presented fellow Australian Keith Urban with the CMA's highest honor: Entertainer Of The Year. She toured in Japan, New Zealand, and Australia in early 2006 , and is scheduled to tour in the USA in the fall of 2006. Olivia has recently finished working on a "healing music" CD for release October 2006. The title is Grace and Gratitude and it will launch Olivia's signature line of body, heart, and spirit wellness products for women that will be available exclusively at Walgreens Drug Store in the US. The album was recorded in Toronto, Canada and produced by Amy Sky , with whom Olivia has worked in the past. Amy co-wrote the haunting song "Winter Angel" and other songs for The Rumour and most recently on Stronger Than Before. Voice type: Lyric Coloratura Soprano Highest note: G6-A6 Lowest note: D3 (Hit in the song 'Emotional Tangle') Vocal range: 3.5 octaves [ edit ] Personal life Newton-John was married to Matt Lattanzi from 1984 to 1995 . They had one child during their marriage, a girl named Chloe Rose Lattanzi , born in 1986 . Chloe will be launching her own pop career later in 2006 with her debut album Lonely Nights in Paradise. From 1996 , Newton-John lived together with gaffer / cameraman Patrick McDermott . However, on June 30 , 2005, directly before her new album Stronger Than Before hit stores, McDermott went missing following a fishing trip off the coast of California . The Coast Guard has not ruled out the possibility of foul play but concedes that they have few leads. Olivia, who was vacationing at her self-owned Gaia Retreat & Spa in Australia at the time, is not a suspect. [1] Fox News Network reported on June 4 , 2006 , that some witnesses claim to have seen McDermott alive and well in Mexico. The prevailing theory is that he staged his disappearance in order to avoid court proceedings brought by an ex-wife concerning child support payments. Newton-John has refused to comment on such speculation.	you re one that i want and summer nights
Who was the lead singer of the 1960s Irish group, Them?	The Top 10 Songs of 1978 in the UK The Top 10 Songs of 1978 in the UK Updated on December 19, 2015 The UK's Top 10 Best Selling Songs of 1978 The Top 10 best selling songs of 1978 in the UK somewhat reflected the music trends of the year, but more so reflected the power of the modern musical movie, as tracks from both Grease and Saturday Night Fever dominated singles sales. The Bee Gees reigned supreme and it appeared the Gibb brothers could do no wrong. The enormous success of the Saturday Night Fever soundtrack produced not only their own hit songs, but also high selling discs by the likes of Tavares, Trammps and Yvonne Elliman - all written by the prolific brothers. Doing battle with Saturday Night Fever was the soundtrack to the movie, Grease. It produced several big hits, but none bigger than the two songs ranking at Number 2 and Number 3 of 1978. Between them, You're the One That I Want and Summer Nights locked up the Number 1 position for a total of sixteen weeks during the year. John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John seemed to be constantly in the public conscience. However, neither could outrank the astounding interest in the latest Boney M track. Such was the demand for Rivers of Babylon that British presses could not keep pace. Between May and June of 1978, the best selling single of the year had exceeded the million sales mark. But not everything was about disco and these two movies, as novelty songs and the rise of new wave had record buyers parting with their money. And the tremendous Kate Bush had also arrived. 1. Rivers of Babylon: Boney M Spending five weeks at the top of the British charts in the Spring of 1978, Boney M's Rivers of Babylon also became the biggest selling disc of the year. Originally recorded by Jamaican rocksteady group The Melodians in 1970, the song became the first of two Number 1 singles for the group in 1978. It eventually sold two million copies in the UK, allowing it to rank (as of 2012) at Number 6 on the nation's list of biggest selling singles of all time. It was helped in its sales because of the B-Side, Brown Girl in the Ring , gaining almost as much popularity as Rivers of Babylon, thereby sending the single back up the charts to extend its stay to an impressive forty weeks.. 2. You're the One That I Want: John Travolta & Olivia Newton-John Another track that would make it on to the list of the biggest selling singles of all time is this one that was featured in one of the biggest movie musicals: Grease. You're the One That I Want locked up the Number 1 position in the UK for a staggering nine weeks, selling two million copies and ranking it at Number 5 on Britain's biggest seller list. It not only secured the Number 1 position in the UK, but also all across Europe and on the Billboard Hot 100 in the States. 3. Summer Nights: John Travolta & Olivia Newton-John After only six weeks having passed since they released their grip on the Number 1 spot, John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John were back again, this time for a seven-week residency with another track from Grease: Summer Nights. Yet again, it's a single which has surpassed the one million sales mark in the UK, with a current sales figure of 1.59m. 4. Three Times A Lady: The Commodores Taken from the group's album Natural High, Three Times A Lady became the Commodores' first Number 1 hit in both the UK and the US. In America, it remained at the top for two weeks, but in the UK buoyant sales caused it to remain at Number 1 for five weeks. It has since become one of the most recognisable hits by the group and composer Lionel Richie continues to perform it at live concert dates. 5. Night Fever: The Bee Gees Despite its inclusion on one of the world's biggest selling albums of all time, the Bee Gees' Night Fever single still managed to hit the top of many global sales charts. Among them were both those of the United States and the United Kingdom. In the US alone, it remained at the top of the Billboard Hot 100 for eight weeks, eventually shifting in excess of two and a half million copies. In the UK, it managed a two-week run as the Number 1 song and became the fifth biggest selling song of 1978. 6. The Smurf Song: Father Abraham & the Smurfs One thing for which we can be grateful to John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John is keeping Father Abraham and his cartoon Smurfs off the Number 1 position in the UK. Despite that, The Smurf Song holds the record for the most consecutive weeks at the Number 2 spot (6), only equaled in 1991 by I'm Too Sexy by Right Said Fred. Sufficient sales to push it to Number 6 in the year-end chart, though 7. Take A Chance On Me: ABBA Take A Chance on Me became ABBA's seventh UK Number song, confirming the band as one of the most popular in the country during the 1970s. In fact, it was their third consecutive track to top the charts in the UK, following on from both Knowing Me, Knowing You and The Name of the Game. Although they would return to the top spot again later in their career, this was ABBA's final UK Number 1 of the decade. 8. Matchstalk Men & Matchstalk Cats & Dogs: Brian & Michael Matchstalk Men and Matchstalk Cats and Dogs by Brian and Michael became the tenth One Hit Wonder of the 1970s, that is: an artist who has achieved one Number One hit on the UK Singles Chart and no other entry whatsoever. The song itself was a tribute to the artist L.S. Lowry, who had passed away a couple of years earlier. Brian and Michael were joined on the record by the St. Winifred's School Choir, who themselves would have their own One Hit Wonder at Christmas 1980 with There No One Quite Like Grandma. 9. Rat Trap: The Boomtown Rats The Boomtown Rats' fifth British hit became their first UK Number 1 towards the end of 1978. Although it was the era of punk and new wave music, many of the tracks in this genre failed to make a great impression on the Singles Chart. However Rat Trap, by Ireland's premier band of the time, broke through big time to become their biggest selling single so far. The group also relished the fact that it had broken the stranglehold that the Grease singles had enjoyed at the top of the charts over the past few months by ripping up pictures of John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John. 10. Wuthering Heights: Kate Bush Kate Bush's first single climbed to Number 1 in the UK in the Spring of 1978 for a total of four weeks. With lyrics based on the characters in the book by Emily Brontë, the song became something of a surprise hit, sounding unlike anything in the charts at the time. Luckily for Bush the success of the single was not confined to the UK, showing up in the charts across Europe and Oceania, but failing to dent the Billboard Hot 100 in America. Which is your favourite from the 1978 Top 10? Rivers of Babylon: Boney M You're the One That I Want: Travolta/Newton-John Summer Nights: Travolta/Newton-John Three Times A Lady: The Commodores Night Fever: The Bee Gees The Smurf Song: Father Abraham and the Smurfs Take A Chance On Me: ABBA Matchstalk Men...: Brian and Michael Rat Trap: The Boomtown Rats Wuthering Heights: Kate Bush	i don't know
What famous song from the film Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid won an Oscar for best song?	Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1969) Pages: ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) Background Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1969) is the likeably entertaining, charming and amusing comedy/drama of the friendship and camaraderie shared between the two handsome and humorous buddy leads - legendary, turn-of-the-century Western outlaws and their "Hole in the Wall" gang. Historical antecedents for the two daring "Robin Hood" outlaws actually existed, two notorious figures who were sadly anachronistic for their turn-of-the-century times: "Butch Cassidy" (outlaw Robert Leroy Parker) "The Sundance Kid" (outlaw Harry Longbaugh) In the early 1900s, they came toward the tail-end of a long stream of bank/train robbers and highwaymen in the 19th century. Their exploits were perfect for a film that was intended to portray outlaws who mock and defy authority and the Establishment. After relentless pursuit by authorities, the train-robbing outlaws fled to Bolivia (after a brief stopover in New York City) with the Kid's schoolteacher-lover - hoping to find better luck. Instead of the ultra-violence typical of other outlaw films, the screenplay (William Goldman's first screenplay - he also authored The Great Waldo Pepper (1975) and Marathon Man (1976)) and the direction of George Roy Hill focused on the endearing mis-adventures of the bandits/heroes, using impudent slapstick comedy, conventional Western action, contemporary music, and humorous dialogue to characterize the past and irreverently poke fun at typical western film cliches. The whimsical revisionist Western film, with the new "M" rating (for mature), although varying considerably in tone and mood, did so by imitating the styles of other cultish outlaw films, including director Arthur Penn's Bonnie and Clyde (1967) , and the balletic graceful shootouts of Sam Peckinpah's The Wild Bunch (1969) . The good-natured film from director George Roy Hill, one of the most popular (and highest-grossing) westerns ever made, revived the careers of two 'golden-boy' Hollywood actors: superstar Paul Newman (in most of his previous films, he had been a rebellious loner - The Hustler (1961) , Hud (1963) , and Cool Hand Luke (1967) ) newcomer Robert Redford - who had previously appeared in stage plays and only a few films (i.e., Barefoot in the Park (1967)) [Warren Beatty was originally slated for the Butch role, and Steve McQueen for the Sundance Kid role.] The two male leads would again co-star (only once more) as big-screen buddies in George Roy Hill's Best Picture winner The Sting (1973), with ten Oscar nominations and seven wins. The flip-side of this light-hearted buddy picture was its major competitor of the year, the X-rated, dark Midnight Cowboy (1969) with its anti-heroes Ratso Rizzo (Dustin Hoffman) and Joe Buck (Jon Voight). Of the seven Academy Award nominations, there were four Oscars: Goldman was awarded an Oscar for Best Story and Screenplay and Conrad Hall was honored for his cinematography. Two other statues went to Burt Bacharach for Best Song ("Raindrops Keep Falling on My Head," lyrics by Hal David) and Best Original Score. The other three nominations were for Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Sound. The Story The film opens with the credits next to a sepia-toned "film within a film" of "The Hole In The Wall Gang." The silent flicker portrays the legendary outlaw gang holding up a train. The group's exploits in the newsreel-style film bear a resemblance to, and were said to have inspired one of the earliest classic films, The Great Train Robbery (1903) , by Edwin S. Porter. A title card suggests that the film about legendary characters is reasonably authentic and factual: Most of What Follows Is True The sepia tone of the newsreel is extended into the first sequence. [The beginning of the film's action is set just before the turn of the century.] In the memorable opening, the screen is filled with an immense close-up of the face of sly, funny, witty, smart-ass, egotistical, and handsome Butch Cassidy [(Paul Newman) not identified as Butch until later in the film]. Still framed in extreme close-up, he stops and glances in a window in town - one that is heavily barred. From the outside of a modern, high-security bank, he expertly surveys and cases the frontier town's building, looking at other higher-up barred windows. In the bank's front door, he stands and observes the bank's strong measures against robbery: a security button and an alarm bell. At the three o'clock closing, he watches the banker deposit a sack of money in a large bank safe, enclosed behind more bars. There are loud slammings of window covers, latches, and doors. He notices how secure it is and how things have changed - asking the uniformed guard: Butch: What happened to the old bank? It was beautiful. Guard: People kept robbing it. Butch: That's a small price to pay for beauty. Butch's partner is introduced in a similar, sepia-toned sequence filmed in close-up. During a blackjack card game in Macon's Saloon - a typically cliched Western scene, Butch's partner, a dead-panning, silent, dim-witted, mustached, dark-hatted cardsharp 'The Sundance Kid' [(30 year old Robert Redford in a breakout role) not identified by name until later] deals cards to other players at a gaming table. One opponent named Tom folds his hands and asks for credit from the saloon owner/gunman Mr. Macon (Donnelly Rhodes), but is denied. Off-camera, Macon confronts the mustached player: Macon: Well, it looks like you just about cleaned everybody, fella - you haven't lost a hand since you got the deal. What's the secret of your success? Sundance: (mono-syllabically) Prayer. Macon: Let's just you and me play. Sundance plays against his final, sole opponent - a professional gambler and gunman and the only one left at the table. When Macon busts, he accuses Sundance of cheating while the card player is raking in his winnings and stacking everything neatly in piles: "You're a helluva card player fella. I know, cause I'm a helluva card player. And I can't even spot how you're cheatin'." Although Sundance attempts to ignore the insulting accusation, other players back off. Macon stands with his immense hand readied by his holstered gun: "The money stays - you go." Butch enters the saloon - he would rather rely on his brains than gunplay, and so he interrupts an impending shoot-out: Butch: We seem to be a little short on brotherly love around here. Macon: If you're with him, you'd better get yourselves out of here. Butch: (urging his partner) We're on our way. Come on. Sundance: (with his head slightly down) I wasn't cheating. Butch: (now more urgently as he drops down beside him) Come on! Sundance: (louder) I wasn't cheating. Macon: You can die. For that matter, you can both die. Butch: You hear that?	Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head
How many black keys are there on the a standard piano?	Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1969) Butch: So you'd be Major Longbaugh. Whaddya say? Sundance: You just keep thinkin', Butch. That's what you're good at. Because of the changing times, an opportunistic bicycle salesman (Henry Jones) interrupts the Marshal and draws a more curious, interested crowd to peddle his newfangled 20th century merchandise: Marshal: Well, whaddaya say? Bicycle Salesman: (He moves up next to the Marshal) I say this, I say ladies and gentlemen, boys and girls, friends and enemies, meet the future. Crowd member: The future what? Salesman: The future mode of transportation for this weary Western world. Now I'm not gonna make a lot of extravagant claims for this little machine. Sure, it'll change your whole life for the better, but that's all. Marshal: And just what in the hell do ya think you're doing? Salesman: Well, you got the crowd together. That's half my job, so I just thought I'd do a little selling. Marshal: Well, I'm trying to raise a posse here if you don't mind? Salesman: I got a short presentation. (To the crowd) The Horse Is Dead. You'll see - this item sells itself. After admiring the new 'mode of transportation' from afar, Butch is approached by one of the saloon women. Drunken Sundance announces that he will also go "hunting" for a woman - after running down a long list of qualifications: "Well, I think I'll get saddled up and go lookin' for a woman too...It shouldn't take more than a couple of days. I'm not picky, as long as she's smart and pretty, and sweet, and gentle, and tender and refined, lovely, carefree..." In a nearby part of town that evening, primly-dressed mid-twenties schoolteacher Etta Place (Katharine Ross) with her hair in a bun returns to her farmhouse. [The scene mocks the cliched concept of the starched Western schoolmarm.] She lights a lantern, and undresses down to a white slip as she moves into her bedroom. The Sundance Kid, who has made a forced entry and waited for her in a corner of the room, surprises her there. His appearance - with a grin on his face - causes her to jump back in fright. Sundance commands her to keep slipping out of her clothes for him - at gunpoint: Sundance: Keep going, teacher lady. (He reaches for his pistol and points it at her.) It's OK, don't mind me. Keep on going. (She nervously removes her outer slip.) Put down your hair. (She reaches back behind her head with both hands. Her hair falls to her shoulders.) Shake your head. (He examines her appreciatively. Cocking his gun, he threatens for her to undo the last remaining bits of clothing. She unbuttons her undergarment, revealing the flesh of her body. Then he unbuttons his holster, rises from his chair and approaches toward her with amorous intentions to force himself upon her.) Etta: (Unafraid, she watches him approach. He begins to caress her.) (Sadly) Do you know what I wish? Sundance: What? Etta: (chiding) That once, you'd get here on time! It is soon apparent that this is a game. She is his hot-blooded, renegade, twenty-six year old girlfriend - not a demure virgin. They are lovers that know each other very well. She wraps her arms around him as they embrace and kiss. In a memorable wordless, frolicsome bicycle scene which has nothing to do with the film's plot, Butch appears outside their window the next morning riding one of the salesman's new-fangled bicycles of "the future." His voice, in the tone of melodramatic villains, intones from outside: "You are mine, Etta Place. Mine. Do you hear me? Mine. All mine. Your soft white flesh is mine. Soft. White." Both men vie for the attentions of Etta. His disembodied head (with a Charlie Chaplin-like bowler hat) glides past the window. Etta rises and stands at the front door, where Butch gestures for her to get on the crossbar. Butch: Meet the future. Etta: Do you know what you're doing? Butch: Theoretically. Butch tries out the latest newfangled invention, with Etta precariously perched on the handlebars, accompanied by Burt Bacharach's contemporary smash hit, the Award-winning song: "Raindrops Keep Fallin' On My Head" (sung by B. J. Thomas, and lyrics by Hal David). [The comical-lyrical "Bicycle Ride" sequence is like a music video dropped into the middle of the film.] During the fun ride in the golden rays of the dawn's sunlight, they ride downhill. As she watches from the loft of an old barn, he performs stunts to impress her, and ends up ungracefully tumbling onto the ground. After their bike ride as they walk back to the house, Etta asks about his plans with Sundance: Etta: You've come to get him for the Flyer? Butch: Do you believe I'm broke already? Etta: Why is there never any money, Butch? Butch: I swear, Etta, I don't know. I've been working like a dog all my life and I can't get a penny ahead. Etta: Sundance says it's because you're a soft touch and always taking expensive vacations and buying drinks for everyone and you're a rotten gambler. Butch: Well, that might have something to do with it. At the front of her house, Butch lightly kisses her on the cheek, and she ponders their relationship: Etta: Butch? Do you ever wonder if I'd met you first we'd been the ones to get involved? Butch: Well we are involved, Etta. Don't you know that? I mean, you are riding on my bicycle. In some Arabian countries, that's the same as being married. Sundance emerges and finds Butch kissing and hugging her: Sundance: Hey, what are you doing? Butch: Stealing your woman. Sundance: (scratching his butt) Take her, take her. Butch: Well, you're a romantic bastard, I'll give you that. The second robbery of the Union Pacific Flyer is less successful than the first. They again encounter stubborn - bruised and bandaged Woodcock guarding the safe in the express car: "Butch - you know that if it were my money, there is nobody that I would rather have steal it than you, but you see I am still in the employ of Mr. E. H. Harriman of the Union Pacific Railroad." A loud, oversized female passenger (Jody Gilbert) protests the delays and bulls her way over to the robbers: I'm a grandmother and a female and I've got my rights!...You can bull all the others but you can't bull me. I've fought whiskey and I've fought gambling, and I can certainly fight you. Sundance and Butch pretend to be hurting the woman and imitate her voice, tricking Woodcock to open up the car's door. The inept Hole-in-the-Wall train robbers use too much dynamite to blow up the safe, now reinforced and larger. They blow up the entire railroad boxcar - a startlingly real explosion with a deafening sound and flash of light. [It is a clever reversal of another Western cliche.] After the tremendous blast, they watch the pieces of paper money fly away and flutter around in the wind. Sundance laughingly jokes: "Do you think you used enough dynamite there, Butch?" Gang members scramble around and begin gathering up the loot that blows over the ground. In the distance, Butch notices an ominous black cloud from a second train locomotive and is bewildered: "Now what the hell is that?" The President of the Railroad has anticipated their hold-up. Following the first train is another locomotive with a boxcar attached containing horses and a posse specifically formed to eliminate Butch and his gang. Before they can gather up the money, a formidable Superposse of a half-dozen men on horseback swiftly exits from the side of the boxcar - cued by the sounding of the train's whistle. Butch gives one look and senses trouble: "Whatever they're sellin', I don't want it!" Several members of the gang are shot down as they run for their horses. Sundance rates their shooting skill as Flat Nose and News are shot dead: "They're very good!" Even though the fleeing gang of four members splits in two directions to evade the determined posse, Butch and Sundance are the ones that are stalked. At the crest of a hill, they are upset that the entire posse is relentlessly following them: "What's the matter with those guys?" Their strained banter during the chase is wryly humorous: Butch: I think we lost 'em. Do you think we lost 'em? Sundance: No. Butch: Neither do I. To take refuge and hide out, they go to Fanny's brothel in town, where they commission a cherubic, pink-faced Sweet Face (Percy Helton) to provide an alibi to the posse about their whereabouts: "You seen us ride through town not five minutes ago. You do this right, I'll get you an old dog to kick." Sweet Face is positioned across the street on a porch, whittling on some wood. In a top floor room, Butch is caressed by blonde-haired prostitute Agnes (Cloris Leachman), while Sundance nervously looks out a curtained window at Sweet Face. The two fugitives watch with relief as Sweet Face converses with the posse and gestures down the street. Sundance leaves the room as Butch returns to Agnes. From opposite sides of the bed with their backs to each other, Butch removes his boots and both of them undress - Agnes speaks of her feelings for him: You're the only real man I ever met, you know that Butch? It's not just because of all that money you got to spend on people. It's you. They way you're always looking to see am I happy or not. A lot of the other girls, they might want you just for when you got lots of money to spend on people. Me, I don't care about clothes and money and jewels and furs and things like that. Lots of the others girls do, but I never did... With the sound of horses' hooves, they are alerted to the return of the posse. Sweet Face confesses and points up toward their window. When their decoy plan backfires, they must hurriedly slip out the second story window and climb down from the rooftops. They quickly subdue one of the posse's guards who is watching the group's horses. While Sundance gets their own horses for a quick getaway, Butch unties the posse's horses from the hitching post and starts shooing them away: "Go on, get out of here, you fat-headed beasts." But the enormous horses stand perfectly still, staring at him flailing his hands wildly in the air. Sundance returns with Butch's horse and warns his partner: "You're the fat-headed beast. Quit shouting!" Butch is dumbfounded that his efforts are ineffectual: "Boy, somebody sure trained 'em." [The sequence is another irreverent twist on Western cliches.] Through thick dark woods, they attempt to avoid leaving a trail. From the crest of a hill, they watch for any sign of pursuit: Butch: How long before you figure they're not after us? Sundance: A while longer. Butch: How come you're so talkative? Sundance: Just naturally blabby, I guess. Butch: I haven't done so much ridin' since I quit rustling. That's a miserable occupation. Dusk to dawn, no sleep, rotten food. They suddenly stop, faintly noticing a slowly-moving, phantom-like glow in the darkness - they are the torches or lanterns of the posse following their path dead-on. Worried, they whisper to each other: "I couldn't do that. Could you do that? How can they do that?" They repeatedly ask each other the bewildering question - as they look over their shoulders and try to evade the Pinkerton posse: Who are those guys? They are endlessly pursued by the machine-like, impersonal, superhuman posse, often filmed with a long focal-length lens, while the two outlaws are frequently filmed in close-up. Certain that he has an infallible plan, Butch proposes that they double up on one horse, hoping that the riders will divide in different directions: "This'll work!" From another high vantage point, they look back at the route of the glowing posse. The glow separates into different paths, but only momentarily. The two glows move back together again into a single force: "They're not going for it. Who are those guys?"	i don't know
Which band member is missing from the line-up of Ray Manzarek, Robby Krieger and John Densmore?	The Doors, Jim Morrison, Ray Manzarek, Robby Krieger, John Densmore - Band Members - The Doors Are Open History of The Doors The Doors took their name from the title of Aldous Huxley's The Doors of Perception (a reference to the "unlocking" of "doors of perception" through LSD use), Huxley's own title was a quotation from William Blake's The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, in which Blake wrote that "If the doors of perception were cleansed everything would appear to man as it is, infinite." Originally with Columbia Records, but when things went sour they were dropped. After a few months of live gigs as the house band of the Whisky a Go Go on sunset strip, they were signed to Elektra Records in 1967. In 1967, the single "Light My Fire" eventually reached number one on the Billboard Pop Singles chart. This saw the release of their first self titled album The Doors . By the release of their second album, Strange Days , The Doors had become one of the most popular rock bands in the United States. The Doors released their third studio album, Waiting for the Sun . Their fourth album, The Soft Parade , was released in 1969. It was the first album where the individual band members were given credit on the inner sleeve for the songs they had written. Following The Soft Parade, The Doors released the Morrison Hotel album. After a lengthy break the group reconvened in October 1970 to record their last album with Morrison, L.A. Woman . These six albums are considered the core albums produced by the doors. There are many other albums like "the best of" and the like but these all have been released after Jim Morrison's death in 1971. Jim Morrison (vocals) James Douglas "Jim" Morrison (December 8, 1943 – July 3, 1971) was born in Florida, he had one sister and his father was an admiral in the navy and moved around a lot. In 1965, after graduating from UCLA and lived in Venice Beach. Morrison and fellow UCLA student Ray Manzarek were the first two members of The Doors followed after by John Densmore and Robby Krieger. Thought out the history of the band, Jim Morrison became one of the best live performers in the 60’s. With this came arrests in Miami and New Haven for public nudity and many bouts with drink and drug of all sorts. After the finish of the band last album, Morrison flew to Paris in March 1971 and lived on the Right Bank. After months of drink and drug fueled nights, Morrison died on July 3, 1971. He was found in a Paris apartment bathtub dead. There was no autopsy done and because the medical examiner claimed to have found no evidence of foul play. As Jim said “the future is uncertain and the end is always near”. Ray Manzarek (keyboards - usually organ, some vocals) Ray Manzarek (born February 12, 1939) is the co-founder and keyboardist of The Doors. He is the oldest member of the Doors and one of the longest serving members. Ray Manzarek was born in Chicago, Illinois. In 1962 he studied in the Department of Cinematography at UCLA, where he met a film student named Jim Morrison. When the college had ended they met by chance on Venice Beach in California. Morrison said he had written some songs, and Manzarek expressed an interest in hearing them, whereupon Morrison sang a rough version of "Moonlight Drive” as depicted in the Oliver stone movie “The Doors”. Manzarek later co-founded the Doors with Morrison on that beach that evening. They added drummer John Densmore and guitarist Robby Krieger after Ray met them at a Transcendental Meditation lecture. Manzarek went on to play bass on his piano as the doors did not have a bassist. He mad the sound of the doors “light My Fire” on the same piano. Ray Manzarek occasionally sang for The Doors but he did sing lead vocals on the last two Doors albums, recorded after Morrison's death, Other Voices and Full Circle. Sadly the Doors co-founder and keyboardist Ray Manzarek died today in Rosenheim, Germany, after a long battle with bile duct cancer. He was 74. "I was deeply saddened to hear about the passing of my friend and bandmate Ray Manzarek today," Doors guitarist Robby Krieger said in a statement. "I'm just glad to have been able to have played Doors songs with him for the last decade. Ray was a huge part of my life and I will always miss him." Robby Krieger (guitar) Robby Krieger (born January 8, 1946) he was the guitarist in The Doors and wrote some of the band's best known songs, including "Light My Fire," "Love Me Two Times," "Touch Me," and "Love Her Madly." Krieger was in The Doors with keyboard player Ray Manzarek, drummer John Densmore and vocalist Jim Morrison. At an early Doors rehearsal Morrison heard Krieger playing bottleneck guitar and initially wanted the technique featured on every song on the first album. Krieger's finger style approach to the electric guitar, eclectic musical tastes, and song writing helped establish The Doors as a successful rock band in the 1960s. His only singing with the early Doors songs can be heard on the album The Soft Parade, on the song "Runnin' Blue". John Densmore (drums) John Densmore was Born in Maine, Densmore attended Santa Monica City College and Cal. State-Northridge; at the latter he studied ethnic music under jazz cellist Fred Katz. He joined The Doors in 1965. Densmore met keyboardist Ray Manzarek and guitarist Robby Krieger at a Transcendental Meditation lecture. John Densmore is a trained jazz drummer and you can here it through out all of The Doors work. According to Densmore's own book, Riders on the storm, he quit the band on one occasion in reaction to Morrison's increasingly self-destructive behavior, although he returned the next day. He repeatedly suggested that the band stop touring, but Krieger and Manzarek were not having any of it. After the Doors' last performance with Morrison in New Orleans in 1970, the band agreed to discontinue performing live.	Jim Morrison
Who wrote the Christmas story, The Snowman?	Ray Manzarek, founding member of The Doors, dies at 74 \| NOLA.com Ray Manzarek, founding member of The Doors, dies at 74 Obit_Ray_Manzarek_The_Doors .jpg Members of The Doors, from left, John Densmore, Robbie Krieger, Ray Manzarek and Jim Morrison, pose for a portrait. Manzarek, the keyboardist who was a founding member of The Doors, has died at 74. Publicist Heidi Robinson-Fitzgerald says in a news release that Manzarek died Monday, May 20, 2013, at the RoMed Clinic in Rosenheim, Germany, surrounded by his family. (AP FILE)	i don't know
What colour is Santa Claus' belt?	CUSTOM HANDMADE SANTA BELTS BACK TO BELT LIST Hi Greg, I got home late last night from our daughters wedding in Florida . I new from your e-mail the belt would be at our home before me . Even though I had a great time my mind was on seeing your creation . The wait was killing me but well worth it, absolutely stunning and great craftsmanship it's truly a Santa belt. Some of my ideas and your insight brought every thing to life. I really love the wide belt keep with the Praying hands and the Cross in the upper corner it says every thing about the reason for the season. My first gig is Thursday and I can't wait to see what people think, I will send you some pictures in full dress , thank you very much it was a pleasure talking to you and working with you on this again thanks and God bless . Santa Guy Hey Greg, I had a great year as Santa and had a lot of complements on my belt that you made for me . I'm sending a couple of pics as promised for you to see and use if you want, thanks again for a GREAT job and a wonderful looking belt. BACK TO BELT LIST Santa Caliguri's new belt. Reindeer with their names separated by holly leaves and double stitch look with arches/grass border. Also to have a little more black to better match his boots, both the double stitch border was done all black. Snowflakes around the holes....nice! Greg, I received the order the same day I received your e-mail. Oh my, what a wonderful surprise! The belt is so beautiful I wanted to sleep with it ï¿½ but alas, Mrs. Claus said NO- ho, ho, ho! I now know what a Master Craftsman can do! Greg, the Santa belt is the most beautiful leather crafting I have ever seen or thought possible. I am also very pleased with the Rudolph belt-bag and Santa wallet. I wore it for a Christmas in July event in Aiken SC, and received many compliments! Words canï¿½t sufficiently express my thanks! Santacerely, Santa Len BACK TO BELT LIST Santa Jon's new belt! A reddish brown "reindeer" belt with all the reindeer names on it with a Tim Allen border to it. Great looking matching bag as well...nice combo! Tapered design 4" down to 3", solid brass buckle. Greg, Just received my belt, bell holders, and pouch! You are absolutely AWESOME!!!! I was almost in tears (I know - right - a grown man crying over some leather). You are a fantastic, gifted, craftsman and I will always be in debt to you for helping me and everyone else you serve - all of us Santa's bring the magic back into the world. I am so thrilled.....thank you. Santa Jon BACK TO BELT LIST Santa Wirth's New Belt! All the reindeer names with Christmas Tree/Stockings/Candy Cane/Dog print/Stocking/etc separating them. Holly leaf border and Reindeer tracks around the holes and scattered snowflakes throughout. SC on the Keeper. Nice combination of stamps! I wanted to take a moment and thank you for this exceptional belt. I have shown it to a number of people and it is a consensus this is a belt worthy of Santa himself. I have always been proud to say I am Mall quality or better but this type of add on pushes me past that. It is the little touches that make a great Santa and you put those into this. The pictures on your web page just do not show the beauty of this product. If anyone is on the fence about having you do them a belt get off the fence and DO IT. There is no question this will be one of my pride and joy pieces. And the nice thing about this leather is it will just gain character over the years. Thanks a ton. Santa Bob BACK TO BELT LIST Hi Greg, The Santa belt and bag just arrived. They are beautiful!! Bill is so happy with it. The quality is beyond what we anticipated. The belt is amazing. We just love everything about it and I know the children will be intrigued when they see it. The bag is gorgeous. Those bells, I had no idea they were that size and sound so beautiful. I thought they were just decorative, not actual working bells. Thank you so very much. They are both a work of art! It is obvious you care about what you create and do it with love. Thank you so very much!! God bless you as you do all things for His glory!! Most sincerely, Bonnie and Bill $275 JUST BELT $375 BELT/OSB or REINDEER BUCKLE Santa Littlefield wanted a bit more red and green in his belt, so I colored the arch border red and the inner stitch border green with the outer border black. The multicolored border brings out the red and greens in the wreaths and trees and just makes for a beautiful belt! Greg, I just received the belt today and when I put the suit on with it I was blown away. My wife is a NYC based installation artist, and after studying it for a few minutes she simply said, "It's a work of art". Indeed it is. If I can put my finger on what makes it so special, it would have to be its timelessness. At first glance it looks like a beautiful European-made leather belt from the 18th or 19th century. Upon closer examination, the lettering of SANTA and the ornamental designs are, to me anyway, very evocative of the 1940s. Santa Claus cannot be relegated to a single period in time, and the design of this belt is absolutely magical. I base my Santa look on the classic illustrations of Haddon Sundblom, so this belt could not be more perfect for me. Any successful Santa will tell you that the magic of Santa is in the details. I vividly recall visiting Santa as a child and noticing details that the grownups did not see. With each passing Christmas season I work to layer details on my appearance to create as grand an image as I can. The best decision I made was to order one of your superb belts. Now I am trying to find the perfect pair of boots to go with it. Thanks for devoting your talent to this. While waiting for the belt I have had time to look over a couple of other artisans that create hand-tooled Santa belts (I did not know there were any others) and even though they charge more or less the same price and they are nowhere in the same class. I think a bit of luck was on my side when I came across your site. I know Christmas must have a very important Spiritual significance for you. Also know that each Christmas you have helped many Santas all over the world make children happy. $375 BELT/OSB or REINDEER BUCKLE The background color is a little different from the choc. This has a burgundy backwash. The choc background has more of a lighter natural cream color with the darker highlights. Santa Elton has a darker red/burgundy suit. So, the burgundy background should be a better match. Hi Greg, W. Edwards Deming once said... "It is not enough to do your best; you must know what to do, and then do your best." I had very high expectations from you Greg. They say, "Seeing is believing." At least that is how the saying goes, but we all know that in today's Photoshop world, seeing is not always believing. A master's level of craftsmanship is a very, very rare. It always has been...and is even more so these days. I received my Santa belt today...(I've been waiting around for it like a 6-year old waiting for his first bicycle...(It was good for "Santa" to be reminded of that anticipation of a child...and perhaps that first kiss of a teen...and first moment after you ask a lady for her hand in marriage...and she says, "Yes") Well, perhaps it's not quite THAT exciting to finally see your wonderful craftsmanship in person, in my hands and around my waist...but it's darn near. Beautifully done, Excellent detail work, Leather craft of an old school master. Well done, Greg. I was pretty confident that you work would be greatï¿½just from looking at it online. But I was a little worried about how the color would look with my slightly unusual (super deluxe, super plush, Hollywood close-ups quality) dark burgundy suit. Have no fear. Greg to the front! Your application of the burgundy wash was just exactly what was needed. And thank you so much for fitting in so many of the great stamps I liked. Your designï¿½itï¿½s more than artisanship. Itï¿½s the love of a craft that drives the best to give that extra time and effort, like providing that nice touch of color for each stampï¿½ Iï¿½ll send you some images after my first photoshoot. Until then, thanks for putting a great big smile on this Santaï¿½s face. Santa Elton Greg Wood, of New Creation LeatherCraft is a master craftsman in the fine art of leather works. His 30+ years of experience not only creates amazing works of art...but also makes them to last. I looked for a long time to find my perfect Santa Belt, but there did not seem to be many choices to pick from... plain black, or some automated border stamping on black...The choices I saw were not all that great. THEN I found Greg's site and was amazed by his workmanship and when he told me I could design my own belt and he'd help me make it "just right" I had to say, "YES!" Well, you can be the judge... This is my very own Santa Elton belt. (SC77) I KNOW the kids (of ALL ages) will be wowed by this beautiful, artistic, wonderfully crafted belt... There's not an elf in all of the North Pole who could have done any better... Thank you Greg...	Black
In the TV show The Simpsons, who or what is Santa's Little Helper?	CUSTOM HANDMADE SANTA BELTS BACK TO BELT LIST Hi Greg, I got home late last night from our daughters wedding in Florida . I new from your e-mail the belt would be at our home before me . Even though I had a great time my mind was on seeing your creation . The wait was killing me but well worth it, absolutely stunning and great craftsmanship it's truly a Santa belt. Some of my ideas and your insight brought every thing to life. I really love the wide belt keep with the Praying hands and the Cross in the upper corner it says every thing about the reason for the season. My first gig is Thursday and I can't wait to see what people think, I will send you some pictures in full dress , thank you very much it was a pleasure talking to you and working with you on this again thanks and God bless . Santa Guy Hey Greg, I had a great year as Santa and had a lot of complements on my belt that you made for me . I'm sending a couple of pics as promised for you to see and use if you want, thanks again for a GREAT job and a wonderful looking belt. BACK TO BELT LIST Santa Caliguri's new belt. Reindeer with their names separated by holly leaves and double stitch look with arches/grass border. Also to have a little more black to better match his boots, both the double stitch border was done all black. Snowflakes around the holes....nice! Greg, I received the order the same day I received your e-mail. Oh my, what a wonderful surprise! The belt is so beautiful I wanted to sleep with it ï¿½ but alas, Mrs. Claus said NO- ho, ho, ho! I now know what a Master Craftsman can do! Greg, the Santa belt is the most beautiful leather crafting I have ever seen or thought possible. I am also very pleased with the Rudolph belt-bag and Santa wallet. I wore it for a Christmas in July event in Aiken SC, and received many compliments! Words canï¿½t sufficiently express my thanks! Santacerely, Santa Len BACK TO BELT LIST Santa Jon's new belt! A reddish brown "reindeer" belt with all the reindeer names on it with a Tim Allen border to it. Great looking matching bag as well...nice combo! Tapered design 4" down to 3", solid brass buckle. Greg, Just received my belt, bell holders, and pouch! You are absolutely AWESOME!!!! I was almost in tears (I know - right - a grown man crying over some leather). You are a fantastic, gifted, craftsman and I will always be in debt to you for helping me and everyone else you serve - all of us Santa's bring the magic back into the world. I am so thrilled.....thank you. Santa Jon BACK TO BELT LIST Santa Wirth's New Belt! All the reindeer names with Christmas Tree/Stockings/Candy Cane/Dog print/Stocking/etc separating them. Holly leaf border and Reindeer tracks around the holes and scattered snowflakes throughout. SC on the Keeper. Nice combination of stamps! I wanted to take a moment and thank you for this exceptional belt. I have shown it to a number of people and it is a consensus this is a belt worthy of Santa himself. I have always been proud to say I am Mall quality or better but this type of add on pushes me past that. It is the little touches that make a great Santa and you put those into this. The pictures on your web page just do not show the beauty of this product. If anyone is on the fence about having you do them a belt get off the fence and DO IT. There is no question this will be one of my pride and joy pieces. And the nice thing about this leather is it will just gain character over the years. Thanks a ton. Santa Bob BACK TO BELT LIST Hi Greg, The Santa belt and bag just arrived. They are beautiful!! Bill is so happy with it. The quality is beyond what we anticipated. The belt is amazing. We just love everything about it and I know the children will be intrigued when they see it. The bag is gorgeous. Those bells, I had no idea they were that size and sound so beautiful. I thought they were just decorative, not actual working bells. Thank you so very much. They are both a work of art! It is obvious you care about what you create and do it with love. Thank you so very much!! God bless you as you do all things for His glory!! Most sincerely, Bonnie and Bill $275 JUST BELT $375 BELT/OSB or REINDEER BUCKLE Santa Littlefield wanted a bit more red and green in his belt, so I colored the arch border red and the inner stitch border green with the outer border black. The multicolored border brings out the red and greens in the wreaths and trees and just makes for a beautiful belt! Greg, I just received the belt today and when I put the suit on with it I was blown away. My wife is a NYC based installation artist, and after studying it for a few minutes she simply said, "It's a work of art". Indeed it is. If I can put my finger on what makes it so special, it would have to be its timelessness. At first glance it looks like a beautiful European-made leather belt from the 18th or 19th century. Upon closer examination, the lettering of SANTA and the ornamental designs are, to me anyway, very evocative of the 1940s. Santa Claus cannot be relegated to a single period in time, and the design of this belt is absolutely magical. I base my Santa look on the classic illustrations of Haddon Sundblom, so this belt could not be more perfect for me. Any successful Santa will tell you that the magic of Santa is in the details. I vividly recall visiting Santa as a child and noticing details that the grownups did not see. With each passing Christmas season I work to layer details on my appearance to create as grand an image as I can. The best decision I made was to order one of your superb belts. Now I am trying to find the perfect pair of boots to go with it. Thanks for devoting your talent to this. While waiting for the belt I have had time to look over a couple of other artisans that create hand-tooled Santa belts (I did not know there were any others) and even though they charge more or less the same price and they are nowhere in the same class. I think a bit of luck was on my side when I came across your site. I know Christmas must have a very important Spiritual significance for you. Also know that each Christmas you have helped many Santas all over the world make children happy. $375 BELT/OSB or REINDEER BUCKLE The background color is a little different from the choc. This has a burgundy backwash. The choc background has more of a lighter natural cream color with the darker highlights. Santa Elton has a darker red/burgundy suit. So, the burgundy background should be a better match. Hi Greg, W. Edwards Deming once said... "It is not enough to do your best; you must know what to do, and then do your best." I had very high expectations from you Greg. They say, "Seeing is believing." At least that is how the saying goes, but we all know that in today's Photoshop world, seeing is not always believing. A master's level of craftsmanship is a very, very rare. It always has been...and is even more so these days. I received my Santa belt today...(I've been waiting around for it like a 6-year old waiting for his first bicycle...(It was good for "Santa" to be reminded of that anticipation of a child...and perhaps that first kiss of a teen...and first moment after you ask a lady for her hand in marriage...and she says, "Yes") Well, perhaps it's not quite THAT exciting to finally see your wonderful craftsmanship in person, in my hands and around my waist...but it's darn near. Beautifully done, Excellent detail work, Leather craft of an old school master. Well done, Greg. I was pretty confident that you work would be greatï¿½just from looking at it online. But I was a little worried about how the color would look with my slightly unusual (super deluxe, super plush, Hollywood close-ups quality) dark burgundy suit. Have no fear. Greg to the front! Your application of the burgundy wash was just exactly what was needed. And thank you so much for fitting in so many of the great stamps I liked. Your designï¿½itï¿½s more than artisanship. Itï¿½s the love of a craft that drives the best to give that extra time and effort, like providing that nice touch of color for each stampï¿½ Iï¿½ll send you some images after my first photoshoot. Until then, thanks for putting a great big smile on this Santaï¿½s face. Santa Elton Greg Wood, of New Creation LeatherCraft is a master craftsman in the fine art of leather works. His 30+ years of experience not only creates amazing works of art...but also makes them to last. I looked for a long time to find my perfect Santa Belt, but there did not seem to be many choices to pick from... plain black, or some automated border stamping on black...The choices I saw were not all that great. THEN I found Greg's site and was amazed by his workmanship and when he told me I could design my own belt and he'd help me make it "just right" I had to say, "YES!" Well, you can be the judge... This is my very own Santa Elton belt. (SC77) I KNOW the kids (of ALL ages) will be wowed by this beautiful, artistic, wonderfully crafted belt... There's not an elf in all of the North Pole who could have done any better... Thank you Greg...	i don't know
In Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol, how many different ghosts visited Scrooge?	Scrooge (1935) Charles Dickens' "A Christmas Carol" Starring Seymour Hicks [Complete Film] Scrooge is a 1935 British fantasy film directed by Henry Edwards and starring Sir Seymour Hicks, Donald Calthrop and Robert Cochran. Hicks appears as Ebenezer Scrooge, the miser who hates Christmas. It was the first sound version of the Charles Dickens classic A Christmas Carol, not counting a 1928 short subject that now appears to be lost. Hicks had previously played the role of Scrooge on the stage many times beginning in 1901, and again in a 1913 British silent film version. The 1935 film differs from all other versions of the story in one significant way - most of the ghosts, including that of Jacob Marley, are not actually shown onscreen, although their voices are heard. Only the Ghost of Christmas Present (Oscar Asche) is actually seen in full figure - the Ghost of Christmas Past is a mere shape with no discernible facial features, Marley's Ghost is seen only briefly as a face on the door knocker, and the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come is just an outstretched pointing finger. Why the film was made this way remains unclear; it is obviously not because British filmmakers could not achieve special effects, since we do see Marley's face superimposed on Scrooge's door knocker. Another aspect making this film different from other versions of the story is that Seymour Hicks plays both the old and young Scrooge, rather straining the credulity of the audience, since by this time, the sixty-four year old actor was visibly too aged to convincingly play a young man. The story is also severely truncated, even more than in the 1938 MGM film version, although the 1935 version is actually slightly longer. Much time is spent at the beginning of the film - before any of the ghosts appear - setting up the atmosphere of rich and poor London. Scrooge's sister Fan and Fezziwig are completely omitted from this version. This is the first of only two sound versions in which Tiny Tim is actually seen lying dead. In the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come sequence Bob Cratchit grieves at Tim's bedside. The 1999 Patrick Stewart version also contains this scene. Maurice Evans appears briefly as a man harassed by Scrooge to pay his debts. Donald Calthrop portrays a Bob Cratchit who bears an uncanny physical resemblance to John Leech's illustrations of the character in the original 1843 edition of the novel. Two versions of this film exist; each has a differently designed opening credits sequence, and one of the two versions omits the very last scenes. Sir Seymour Hicks - Ebenezer Scrooge Donald Calthrop - Bob Cratchit Robert Cochran - Fred Mary Glynne - Belle Garry Marsh - Belle's husband Oscar Asche - Spirit of Christmas Present Marie Ney - Spirit of Christmas Past C.V. France - Spirit of Christmas Future Athene Seyler - Scrooge's charwoman Maurice Evans - Poor man Mary Lawson - Poor man's wife Barbara Everest - Mrs. Cratchit Eve Gray - Fred's wife Morris Harvey - Poulterer with Prize Turkey Philip Frost - Tiny Tim D.J. Williams - Undertaker Margaret Yarde - Scrooge's laundress Hugh E. Wright - Old Joe Charles Carson - Middlemark Hubert Harben - Worthington A Christmas Carol is a novella by English author Charles Dickens, first published by Chapman & Hall on 19 December 1843. The story tells of sour and stingy Ebenezer Scrooge's ideological, ethical, and emotional transformation resulting from supernatural visits from Jacob Marley and the Ghosts of Christmas Past, Present, and Yet to Come. The novella met with instant success and critical acclaim. The book was written and published in early Victorian era Britain, a period when there was both strong nostalgia for old Christmas traditions and an initiation of new practices such as Christmas trees and greeting cards. Dickens's sources for the tale appear to be many and varied but are principally the humiliating experiences of his childhood, his sympathy for the poor, and various Christmas stories and fairy tales. The tale has been viewed by critics as an indictment of 19th-century industrial capitalism. It has been credited with restoring the holiday to one of merriment and festivity in Britain and America after a period of sobriety and somberness. A Christmas Carol remains popular, has never been out of print, and has been adapted to film, stage, opera, and other media multiple times. The film should not be confused with Scrooge, the 1951 film starring Alastair Sim. Category	4
Which country traditionally provides Britain with a Christmas tree for Trafalgar Square in London?	Was Dickens’s Christmas Carol borrowed from Lowell’s mill girls? - The Boston Globe Already a subscriber? Members Sign In Was Dickens’s Christmas Carol borrowed from Lowell’s mill girls? A new discovery by literary scholars highlights an unexpected inspiration A young Dickens, in a portrait made during his 1842 Boston visit. By Kevin Hartnett December 15, 2013 The industrial city of Lowell might seem a world apart from the fireside British scenes we associate with Charles Dickens’s “A Christmas Carol.” In the 19th century, in vast new brick buildings along the Merrimack River, young women factory laborers toiled 12 hours a day spinning cotton into fabric, and went home to boarding houses in America’s first company town. But what those women did in their spare time may very well have shaped one of the great works of holiday literature. Advertisement Dickens visited Lowell in 1842, touring the mills and taking notes for a travelogue he planned to write on American institutions. The next year, he published “A Christmas Carol.” The story was an immediate hit, selling out in a week, inspiring theater versions within months, and shaping how we think of Christmas to this day. Now, new research is suggesting that the book may have borrowed—quite liberally—from the amateur writings of the millworkers he visited. After reading an obscure literary journal published by Lowell textile workers and comparing it to Dickens’s novella, a Boston University professor and student are arguing that some of the most memorable elements of Dickens’s story—the ghosts, the tour through the past, Scrooge’s sudden reconsideration of his life—closely resemble plot points in stories by the city’s “mill girls” that Dickens read after his visit. Get This Week in Opinion in your inbox: Globe Opinion's must-reads, delivered to you every Sunday. Sign Up Thank you for signing up! Sign up for more newsletters here The research was conducted by Natalie McKnight, professor of English and a dean at Boston University, and Chelsea Bray, an undergraduate at the time of the project who is now in graduate school at Boston College. Their argument—not yet their actual paper—has circulated only online so far, prompting some preliminary objections; they plan to publish it in an upcoming book about Dickens in Massachusetts. Once their paper is published, they’ll begin the work of defending their theory to a potentially skeptical scholarly community. McKnight and Bray’s discovery appears to offer some surprising insights into a deeply familiar work. It expands the inspiration for one of the great holiday stories radically across continents, and introduces a completely unrecognized set of voices into the range of influences on Dickens. The Lowell influence also adds a layer of complexity to a holiday fable, recasting it as not just a sentimental Victorian story of redemption and generosity, but also a wider-ranging social critique. In the new industrial city of Lowell, the young Dickens found a rebuke to Britain’s labor practices: Its mills and houses showed just how far behind Britain had fallen in its humanity toward workers, and the imaginative tales being produced by its workers may have become the framework for him to make just that argument. In this light, what we think of as a traditional Christmas story starts to look like something else: a globally informed complaint about fairness in a changing world. National Park Service The literary magazine from the mills. * Advertisement Charles Dickens was already a celebrity when he arrived by steamship in Boston Harbor on Jan. 22, 1842. Just 29 years old, he had already earned international fame for novels including “The Pickwick Papers,” “Oliver Twist,” and “Nicholas Nickleby.” Dickens had come to America to acquaint himself with the young country’s institutions, in the hope of writing a travelogue or perhaps finding material for a future novel. As he recalled in his subsequent account of his tour, “American Notes,” during his first days in Boston, Dickens visited a number of Boston-area institutions, including the Perkins School for the Blind and a school in Boylston for neglected boys. Afterward he wrote glowingly, “I sincerely believe that the public institutions and charities of this capital of Massachusetts are as nearly perfect as the most considerate wisdom, benevolence, and humanity, can make them.” Filled with good feeling for America, on Feb. 3, 1842, Dickens took the train from Boston to Lowell, through what he described as “Mile after mile of stunted trees.” He was interested in visiting the city’s textile mills to compare them to the mill he’d worked in as a boy and the squalid working conditions of laborers back home in England. Right away he was struck by how different Lowell was. In “American Notes” he is nearly rhapsodic about how fresh the city appeared. Lowell had been incorporated 16 years earlier, but to Dickens it felt as if it had grown up in a day. He marveled at the new construction and the cleanliness of the working conditions. But it was the mill girls who really caught his attention. He visited his first mill right after dinner, as the women were returning from their boarding houses to work. Dickens described them “thronged” along a staircase and gives the impression of having to brush past them as he ascended. He remarked on how well dressed they were, and their general appearance of health. “Dickens was kind of a ladies’ man,” Bray says. “So I see him being very drawn to their intellectual nature, and so I think in turn they were probably very receptive to him.” The brief encounter on the staircase might have been unremarkable but for what came next. Dickens returned to Boston that evening and brought back issues of The Lowell Offering, a monthly literary journal written by the same mill girls who’d made such an impression on him earlier that day. Later he described the journal as “four hundred good solid pages, which I have read from beginning to end.” That the journal had been written by female factory workers was a revelation to Dickens, who saw industrial life in England as degrading. “Within the mills he saw these women who not only retained their sense of agency, but who were also these intellectual beings producing this very creative endeavor,” says Bray. Lowell Historical Society Millworkers on the job in Lowell. * It would be easy to dismiss Dickens’s praise of The Lowell Offering as the condescension of an already famous young author, except for two things. The writing is in fact good, says McKnight, and a close look at its contents suggests that Dickens’s appreciation may have gone beyond mere praise. McKnight, a specialist in Dickens and Victorian literature, has been interested in Dickens’s trip to Lowell for some time. In 2012, while reading The Lowell Offering for a separate project, she noticed similarities between its essays and “A Christmas Carol,” which Dickens published 18 months after he returned from the United States. She asked Bray, who at the time was a senior English major at Boston University, to read through the same 400 pages Dickens had read, to see how deep the correspondence ran. The Lowell Offering was a notably sentimental publication, in a way typical of its time. Many of its essays spoke to timeless ideas that also touched Dickens: about money not buying happiness, virtue being found in humble places, and the sustaining power of memory. Some pieces also addressed Christmas, invoking the power of the holiday as a time for personal transformation. But as Bray, and later McKnight, read the stories closely, they started to encounter some particularly familiar-sounding details. “A Christmas Carol,” of course, is rife with ghosts: the ghost of Scrooge’s deceased partner, Marley, and the ghosts of Christmases Past, Present, and Future. Together these four phantoms help Scrooge see the wayward path he’s traveled, and prompt him to wake up reborn as a better man on Christmas Day. Dickens had encountered that narrative trope in the stories written by the Lowell mill girls, who typically published either anonymously or under pseudonyms like “Dorothea” or “M.” In one anonymous story called “A Visit from Hope,” the narrator is “seated by the expiring embers of a wood fire” at midnight, when a ghost, an old man with “thin white locks,” appears before him. The ghost takes the narrator back to scenes from his youth, and afterward the narrator promises to “endeavor to profit by the advice he gave me.” Similarly, in “A Christmas Carol,” Scrooge is sitting beside “a very low fire indeed” when Marley’s ghost appears before him. And, later, after Scrooge has been visited by the ghosts of Christmases Past, Present, and Future, he promises, “The spirits of all Three shall strive within me. I will not shut out the lessons that they teach.” The ghost-as-instructive-tour-guide motif appears in other pieces from The Lowell Offering as well. And while McKnight says that ghostly guides certainly have a history in literature—Dante’s guide through the Divine Comedy is the ghost of Virgil—the stories in The Lowell Offering represent the closest known precedent for the specific scenes and language in Dickens’s work. In “Happiness,” published anonymously in May 1841, the narrator has a dream-vision in which she travels the world and observes that happiness only flourishes in humble places, like a small country cottage. The setup is echoed in “A Christmas Carol” when the Ghost of Christmas Present takes Scrooge to a miners’ hut, a lighthouse, and the Cratchit home, to show him that you don’t need money to have a merry Christmas. The real emotional power of “A Christmas Carol,” and the reason we return to it year after year, is its message of redemption: in a single night, Scrooge turns his life around. Here, too, The Lowell Offering offered a precedent. In the essay “Memory and Hope,” written by a mill girl using the pen name Ellen, the narrator is visited by two spirits who offer competing visions of how she could live her life. After they’ve gone, the narrator promises to “never again covet the garland of fame,” but instead to “make myself more useful to my fellow creatures.” Scrooge makes a similarly triumphal statement at the end of “A Christmas Carol,” when he vows to become “as good a friend, as good a master, as good a man, as the old city knew.” Despite the correspondences, not everyone agrees it’s an airtight case. A recent article about the claim on the Boston University website triggered a conversation on Dickns-L, an internet discussion board popular with Dickens scholars. One commenter posted that the inspiration for “A Christmas Carol” was simply the universally known story of Lazarus, the biblical figure raised from the dead. Another wrote that the seeds of “A Christmas Carol” could be found closer by, in a brief story inserted into “The Pickwick Papers,” which Dickens had written six years before he visited Lowell, and which the mill girls may well have read. That piece, a wry folktale called “The Story of the Goblins Who Stole a Sexton,” featured a gravedigger pulled down into the underworld on Christmas Eve by goblins. McKnight agrees that story played into “A Christmas Carol,” but says The Lowell Offering much more closely anticipates its tone, structure, and theme. “There’s a way in which [the Lowell women] pulled together the supernatural elements, the Christmas setting, the sentiment, that theme of going back in time, and memory traveling through time—all of that’s there in The Lowell Offering,” says McKnight. “I think having all of that in one place was the catalyst for things coming together so perfectly in ‘A Christmas Carol.’” Diana Archibald, a professor of English at the University of Massachusetts Lowell, is the co-editor of a forthcoming volume on Dickens in Massachusetts that will include a chapter by McKnight and Bray. She thinks the evidence that Lowell millworkers influenced Dickens is strong, and sees a degree of knee-jerk classism in challenges to it. “It’s girls, right, let’s face it, it’s girls writing The Lowell Offering, and they influenced the great master, Charles Dickens? Of course there’s resistance to that,” she says. *** The warm feelings toward America that Lowell engendered in Charles Dickens didn’t last long. He went on to New York City, Niagara Falls, Washington, D.C., and the Mississippi River, and grew more disillusioned with each stop. He objected to American manners: People spit tobacco in public and mobbed him on the streets, literally plucking souvenir fur from his bearskin coat. He was horrified by slavery. When “American Notes” was published in October 1842, it landed with a thud in the United States and angered many of Dickens’s American acquaintances, who felt he’d enjoyed their hospitality only to skewer their country when he got back home. One of the few positive reviews appeared in The Lowell Offering. “There is no individual from whom we should be more willing to receive rebuke than from him,” wrote millworker Harriet Jane Farley in January 1843. Farley also downplayed Dickens’s praise for the Lowell women in his book: While she and the girls were “proud of his approval,” she wrote, they feared that they “are not worthy of such flattering compliments.” The Lowell women may have in fact earned more of Dickens’s esteem than they realized. Should he have offered them more credit? Looked at one way, the similarities between The Lowell Offering and “A Christmas Carol” suggest an uncomfortable picture of a privileged, world-renowned author appropriating the writing of poor, anonymous mill girls for his own fame and fortune. That’s not how the scholars see it. Literary borrowing, even quite detailed borrowing, was accepted practice at the time—“It was just a different way of looking at things back then,” says Archibald. (“American Notes,” for instance, includes many pages of writing by the famed 19th-century physician Samuel Gridley Howe, all without attribution, and apparently without any thought by Dickens that he was doing something improper.) McKnight, Bray, and Archibald believe that it may even say something positive about Dickens that he was so open to The Lowell Offering in the first place. “To me, it’s really exciting that the greatest novelist in the 19th century in the English language drew a lot of inspiration from what a bunch of women factory workers wrote,” says McKnight. “I think it pays tribute to his kind of egalitarian impulses that he would be open to their work and take it seriously.” Regardless of whether the scholarly community accepts McKnight and Bray’s claim, the mill girls themselves, so central to the story, are likely to remain hidden in history. Some Christmas stories we hear at this time of year have a particularly heart-rending theme—the idea of someone who’s poor trying to find a way to give a gift to someone who’s rich. You can imagine, then, the tale of what Dickens drew from Lowell’s hard-working writers as its own kind of Christmas story: the admiring mill girls, and the unlikely creative gift they gave to a great writer who may have never even realized he received it. Kevin Hartnett is a writer in South Carolina. He can be reached at [email protected] . Loading comments...	i don't know
Who were Balthazar, Melchior and Caspar?	Three Kings Balthazar, Gaspar, Melchior. - CNN iReport Three Kings Balthazar, Gaspar, Melchior. By alius911 \| Posted January 6, 2013 \| Kaunas, Lithuania CNN PRODUCER NOTE alius911 photographed the Catholic celebration of the Three Kings in Kaunas, Lithuania, on January 6. He says the Three Kings was a procession that took place with more than 100 people accompanying them. He says it is a popular event in Lithuania, and it happens at the end of the Christmas festive period. This iReport was featured on the January 2013 iReport for CNN program on CNN International. - Jareen , CNN iReport producer According to tradition dating back to medieval times, their names were Balthasar, Gaspar (or Casper), and Melchior. They are often depicted as representing the three races. The Bible says they came from the East, but exactly where is not known. Arabia, Babylon, and Persia are popular choices. According to one tradition, Balthasar was king of Arabia, Gaspar was king of India, and Melchior was king of Persia. An 8th century saint, Bede the Venerable, described the kings this way: "The first was called Melchior; he was an old man, with white hair and long beard; he offered gold to the Lord as to his king. The second, Gaspar by name, young, beardless, of ruddy hue, offered to Jesus his gift of incense, the homage due to Divinity. The third, of black complexion, with heavy beard, was called Baltasar; the myrrh he held in his hands prefigured the death of the Son of man." The Bible, however, does not describe the kings or reveal their names. In fact, it does not call them kings at all, but simply Magi, or Wise Men. The Magi were a Median priestly caste who rose to power in ancient Persia (today's Iran). Their religion, Zoroastrianism, was founded around the 6th century BC by a Median man named Zoroaster. The Magi were held in awe as highly educated scientists and scholars who could interpret dreams and even control demons. iReport 101	Biblical Magi
From the Christmas Carol Good King Wenceslas, where was Good King Wenceslas the King of?	Caspar, Melchior, and Balthazar \| The Fellowship of The King The Fellowship of The King Literary Expressions of Catholic Homeschoolers and Homeschool Graduates Caspar, Melchior, and Balthazar “Are we there yet?” “Balthazar, you know the star hasn’t stopped moving yet,” grumbled an older man. “I know, I was asking the star that,” quipped Balthazar. His older comrade merely rolled his eyes. The third member of their party who looked to be between their ages, chuckled, “Don’t worry Balthazar, we’ll get there shortly. But I think that if you keep asking the star how long it’s going to take, Caspar just might have a mind to turn us around and have us travel all the way back home. We wouldn’t be able to see the new King that way, will we?” Balthazar sighed, “No, we wouldn’t, but we have been traveling for weeks! How much longer do you think we have to go, Melchior?” Melchior shrugged, “As long as it will take until we find the new King. Come on, it’ll be worth it, trust me.” “Oh I know it’ll be worth it, I just want to know how much longer.” “Keep asking, and the star just might make us travel longer,” grumbled Caspar. Melchior laughed, “Caspar, I think you just made a joke!” Balthazar groaned, “Right, like that star has a mind of its own, Caspar.” “Well, considering it did show up to announce the arrival of the new King, why shouldn’t it?” Balthazar and Melchior merely glanced at each other, unsure of what to say. They continued on in silence then, stopping only for dinner and sleep. The next two days passed just as uneventfully, only with more mumblings and grumblings from the three, primarily Balthazar and Caspar. On the third day, they entered a city, the capital of Israel, in fact, Jerusalem. They figured it best to head straight to the ruler, Herod himself. He greeted them warmly, gave them comfortable beds to sleep in for the night, and a hearty breakfast the next day. “Ah, that was delicious, Herod! Your chef is excellent!” exclaimed Melchior. “Thank you, my lord. Pray, tell me, why do you travel hither?” The three glanced at each other, Caspar nodding. “Well, sire, we’re looking for someone, and, well, maybe you can help us,” stated Balthazar. “How can I help you? And for whom do you seek?” “We seek the new King of Israel, sire. We have been following the star that announces His birth. Do not your priests have prophecies of where he is to be born?” A wave of anger seemed to pass over Herod’s face before quickly passing away into a twinge of surprise. “The new King of Israel, huh? I shall ask my priests if they know anything. Perhaps you will stay until they have found something?” “That would be most appreciated; thank you, Herod.” Caspar bowed his head to the ruler. Herod bowed his head in return, “You are most welcome. If you wish, I may lend you one of my servants to show you around our lovely city until dinner.” “That would be . . . most refreshing, sire. Again, we thank you.” The four bowed their heads solemnly before Herod called a servant to show them around, promising to send another servant to find them if the priests found anything before dinner. The three enjoyed their brief tour of the city before returning to dinner at Herod’s. The priests came in soon after it ended. “My lord, the information you seek…” began the eldest one. Herod shot a glance at the three before saying, “Yes, speak. What did you find?” “The child you search for is to be born in Bethlehem,” replied the priest. Melchior raised an eyebrow, “Bethlehem?” The priest nodded,.“Yes sire, a small town not far from here, actually.” “I can send one of my servants with you to show you the way,” offered Herod. “That would be most appreciated; thank you,” smiled Melchior. Caspar rose from the table. “And now, if you’ll excuse us, we should head off to bed. We have a long day of travelling ahead of us.” Herod rose. “Of course, my lords. Good night, and sleep well.” The other two rose and bowed their heads. “Thank you again, your majesty.” “Not at all, my pleasure. Oh, I might not see you when you leave, so if you could, come back and tell me where this child is? I too wish to give him homage.” “We will; good night!” Balthazar replied before the three left the room. “Balthazar, why did you agree to do as he asked?” grumbled Caspar as soon as the door closed behind them. “Well, he wished to pay homage to the newborn King as well, why should we not return and tell him where the child is?” “But that might not be his real intentions! If he wished to pay homage, why does he not come with us and search for him?” “Come, my friends, we should not argue before bed. If his intentions are false, then God Himself will let us know.” “Very well…good night Melchior, Balthazar,” sighed Caspar. “Goodnight,” echoed the other two. Within minutes, they were sound asleep. They were up bright and early the next morning, leaving immediately after breakfast with one of Herod’s servants to lead them to Bethlehem. The journey went fairly quickly, the group arriving at the gates of Bethlehem within two days. The servant left them at the gates, not able to lead them any further as he did not know where in Bethlehem the new King was. The three Magi continued on, letting the star guide them the rest of the way. Their spirits were light and joyous, realizing that their journey was almost over. Soon, they would be laying their gifts at the feet of the newborn King. The star eventually stopped over a spot, and with eagerness, they rushed towards it, slowing down a bit when they got a good look at it. It was nothing more than a stable. They glanced at each other, wondering, what manner of house this was. True, they did know he was to be born in a lowly place, but they had not expected it to be this lowly. They did not doubt the star, though, and proceeded forward to the humble abode. Caspar called out, “Hello?” A figure stirred among the shadows and walked out into the open. It was a middle-aged man, probably about thirty, who stood before them. “May I ask why you are here?” he asked in a kind but stern voice. “We seek to pay homage to the newborn King, of whose star we have been following,” Caspar replied, indicating the star that shone overhead. The man glanced at the star before turning back to the Magi. “Please wait a minute; I shall be right back.” With that, he went into the stable. The three Magi glanced at each other as soft whispers could be barely heard coming from the stable. It wasn’t long before the man came back out, and with a lantern. “You may enter,” he stated with a slight bow of his head. “Thank you.” The three quickly gathered things from their packs before following the man into the stable. There, in a manger, laid a baby no older than a year, tended to by his mother, a maid no older than sixteen. She laid her eyes upon them, filled with kindness and wisdom. “Welcome,” she smiled at them. The three bowed their heads reverently to the maiden. “Thank you. We have brought presents for the newborn King.” She nodded, and turned her eyes to the Baby lying in the manger. The three understood her meaning, and, one by one, knelt in front of the manger to lay their gifts at His feet. Caspar went first. “I bring gold for the King,” he announced, laying a bag of gold at the foot of the manger. Next was Melchior. “I have frankincense for the Son of God.” He opened a box to reveal several sticks of incense before laying it next to the gold. He glanced at the mother, “May I kiss His feet?” She smiled and nodded, removing the cloth around His feet. Melchior gently kissed the bare feet before rising, allowing Balthazar to go next. He did not say what he had brought or what it was for, but once everyone saw it was myrrh, they knew, even the young mother. The Magi could see with one glance that the young mother knew what was coming for the babe; her eyes showed a deep sorrow at the sight of the myrrh. She knew, she knew far too well what was coming. She was the mother of the King, God, and Savior of the world…how could she not? Balthazar surprised them all by taking her fair hands in his darker ones and spoke to her. “All shall be well, my lady, all shall be well. Just keep trusting in God.” She smiled, “I shall.” Balthazar smiled at her before gently kissing her hands, and turned to kiss the Babe’s feet. The three stayed a while longer, getting to know the little family, giving them blankets and coats to last them through the winter. They spent the night just outside the stable, where an angel of God came to them, telling them of Herod’s true intentions for the Christ Child and bade them to go a different way home. The next day, they had left Bethlehem, taking another route home. “Ugh, I wish that angel had given us directions.” “What do you mean? He did give us directions!” “To get home, Balthazar! My goodness, must I do all the thinking for you? And that thing you did to the mother of God . . .” “I just kissed her hands.” “Whatever! You should still ask permission! Melchior, please tell him it was inappropriate.” “It was.” “But why?” “Because I should have done it first.” “Melchior!” Balthazar and Melchior burst out laughing; even Caspar found it hard not to laugh. The star was still shining over Bethlehem, bringing joy and peace to those who heard its call. —	i don't know
In which famous Christmas Song is a snowman pretended to be Parsons Brown?	The Most Confusing Christmas Music Lyrics Explained (VIDEO) - The Daily Beast Who Is Parson Brown? The Most Confusing Christmas Music Lyrics Explained (VIDEO) Who is Parson Brown? What is figgy pudding? And how, exactly, do you don gay apparel? A glossary of what all those strange phrases in classic Christmas songs really mean. Kevin Fallon 12.24.14 10:45 AM ET We happily hoist our egg nog in the air, embrace each other, and raise our out-of-tune voices in song. And we have no idea what in Santa’s name we’re singing. Each holiday season, the masses carol about “figgy pudding” and “gay apparel” and someone named Parson Brown, mostly ignorant to the meaning of these antiquated phrases and references to things long past. In the spirit of finding the true meaning of Christmas, we thought it best to find the true meaning of these befuddling Christmas song lyrics. Here, a glossary to the most confusing. ‘We Wish You a Merry Christmas’ ‘Oh, bring us a figgy pudding’ Whether carolers would truly like for someone to bring them some figgy pudding, as they demand in “We Wish You a Merry Christmas,” depends on their fondness for another classic holiday dessert. It’s “a little bit like fruitcake,” baking expert Dorie Greenspan told NPR’s Michele Norris on All Things Considered. “I was afraid to say it because fruitcake has such a bad reputation, but [figgy pudding] is steamed; it’s chockablock with dried fruits; it’s so boozy…it’s delicious.” It was popularized as a holiday dessert in 16th-century England and also is known as Christmas pudding or plum pudding. Over the years, its popularity has waned significantly. ‘A Holly Jolly Christmas’ ‘I don’t know if there’ll be snow but have a cup of cheer’ There’s a cute play on words going on here. It’s Christmas, bucko, so look happy! But as some of us know all too well, “cup of cheer” refers more specifically to a brimming cup of holiday happy juice. Booze. Whether it’s spiked egg nog, mulled cider, or some other libation, the narrator here is inviting listeners to raise a glass, drink, and be merry. ‘Sleigh Ride’ ‘It’ll nearly be like a picture print by Currier and Ives’ Currier and Ives was a printmaking firm based out of New York City from 1834 to 1907. Founded by Nathaniel Currier, who later partnered with James Merritt Ives, the firm described itself as “publishers of cheap and popular prints,” most of which were lithographs depicting the spectrum of American life. Extremely popular were the winter landscapes, which featured utopian winter scenes of couples riding horse-drawn carriages through the snow or families ice skating on picturesque ponds. In “Sleigh Ride,” the narrator is painting a scene so perfect that it could be featured on an iconic Currier and Ives print. ‘Winter Wonderland’ ‘In the meadow we can build a snowman then pretend that he is Parson Brown’ One line in “Winter Wonderland” has stopped countless people dead in their tracks. Who is Parson Brown, and why are these people making a snowman that looks like him? Given that in 1934, when the song was written, the most famous Parson Brown was a Florida orange grower , lyricist Richard B. Smith was likely referring to a fictional pastor. During that period, Protestant ministers were called “parsons” and would travel from town to town to performing weddings for couples who didn’t have a local minister of their faith where they lived. So those lyrics are actually a bit flirtatious. The narrator is suggesting that they build a snowman that looks like a minister. The next lines, “He’ll say ‘Are you married?’ We’ll say ‘No, man, but you can do the job while you’re in town!’” could be considered a mock proposal. ‘Deck the Halls’ ‘Don we now our gay apparel fa la la, la la la, la la la’ Get The Beast In Your Inbox! Daily DigestStart and finish your day with the top stories from The Daily Beast. Cheat SheetA speedy, smart summary of all the news you need to know (and nothing you don't). By clicking "Subscribe," you agree to have read the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy Subscribe Thank You! You are now subscribed to the Daily Digest and Cheat Sheet. We will not share your email with anyone for any reason “Deck the Halls” was written back in the 16th century, when the English language was very different. Modern translation: “Put on your party clothes!” ‘Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas’ ‘Make the Yuletide gay From now on your troubles will be miles away, oh’ As we just reviewed, “gay” means happy—Judy Garland was not singing about a Yuletide with homosexual leanings. “Yuletide,” etymologically, roots in the Old English word “ġéol,” which has since been translated to “Yule,” referring to the 12-day religious festival celebrated by Northern Europeans hundreds of years ago. Over the years, the meaning has evolved, essentially, to “Christmastime,” and describes the period between Dec. 24 and Jan. 6. Judy, as depressing as she sounds in this song, just wants your holiday season to be happy. ‘It’s Beginning To Look a Lot Like Christmas’ ‘A pair of hopalong boots and a pistol that shoots is the wish of Barney and Ben’ A pair of hopalong boots” kicks off the list of Christmas presents for pairs of children that are rattled off in “It’s Beginning to Look a Lot Like Christmas.” The boots in question have no particular spring or bounce—the song refers to popular costume boots from the ’40s and ’50s modeled after the ones worn by the cowboy Hopalong Cassidy in a series of books and films. Originally conceived by author Clarence E. Mulford in 1904, Hopalong was crude, rough-talking, and dangerous. For the 66 (!) films starring William Boyd that came out in the ’30s and ’40s before re-running on TV and finding an even wider audience in the ’50s, Hopalong was rebranded a clean-cut, valiant hero—and his boots were the prize of little boys everywhere. ‘Santa Claus Is Coming to Town’ ‘Rooty toot toot and rummy tum tum Santa Claus is coming to town’ Amazingly, there are theories floating around that “rooty toot toot” refers a root beer-flavored candy whistle, and “rummy tum tum” refers to rum balls meant to soothe upset stomachs, with the idea that “Santa Claus is coming to town” and he’s bringing with him candies to help you feel better after too much partying on Christmas Eve. The real answer, however, is much simpler. The line right before this is “With little tin horns and little toy drums.” The “rooty toot toot” is simply the noise the horns make, while “rummy tum tum” is the drums. ‘Auld Lang Syne’	Winter Wonderland
In what year was the first Christmas card produced?	Top 10 Most Misunderstood Christmas Song Lyrics ~ Pamela's Blog Top 10 Most Misunderstood Christmas Song Lyrics Ah, Christmas carols. Every year the same tunes bless us with their overwhelming presence, getting lodged firmly in our brains until sometime mid-July. And though many brave souls have attempted (successfully or not) to add to them over the years with more modern entries, most of the songs you’ll hear this season hark from the days of yore. While tradition is great and everything, not everything stays entrenched in our collective psyches as well as an unbearably catchy ditty. And so it has come to pass that there are a few interesting, often mistaken, commonly misunderstood lyrics in our favourite seasonal melodies. In fact, the situation is so common that there is even a term for misunderstood lyrics. So when you hear your friend hum along about a “proud young virgin” you can call them on their…“ mondegreen ”. Tis the season to hear Christmas carols everywhere you go, 24hrs a day, for the weeks on end until every shopper drops, bank account drains, and belt pops. Whether you revel in belting out the omnipresent, undeniably catchy tunes from October to January, or cringe at the very jingle of a bell, these songs will be a big part of your life for the next few weeks. Best to get those lyrics nailed down then. 1. Good King Wenceslas Pick up thy rolls before I toss ye in yon snowbank The Confusion: Who was King Wenceslas? Why do we sing a carol about a King no one has heard of or can pronounce? Just who was this King Wenceslas anyway? Well, this traditional carol was written in its current form in 1852 by a gentleman named John Jason Neale. The popularity and endurance of the song is owed largely to its catchy melody that was lifted directly from a 13th century Easter carol (yes Easter carols were a thing) rhapsodizing about the coming of spring. So Neale decides to write about “King Wenceslas” (can be pronounced Wens-ess-loz or Wensless to make things more confusing) who is based on the historical 10th century Saint Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia . In life Wenceslaus was a noble, not a king, who was known for being a charitable fellow after several legendary biographies were written after his death. “Good King Wenceslas” was based on the legend that he would awake in the night and bring alms to the poor. He was posthumously elevated to kingly status by the Holy Roman Emperor, Otto I because why not, and declared a saint for good measure. 2. Here WeCome A-Wassailing Wassailing tip: bring cups or instruments that can be used as cups The Confusion: How does one go Wassailing ? The simple answer is wassailing = caroling. To go into more detail, wassailing is an ancient tradition most likely dating back to Anglo-Saxon times when people would go door to door singing Christmas carols. The term "wassail" derives from the Saxon toast of "Wæs þu hæl" meaning “Be thou hale” or “Be in good health”. In old middle English this was said "waes hael". In the middle ages wassailing was done on Twelfth Night when peasants would visit their feudal lords and sing in exchange for charitable giving. Perhaps dropping King Wenceslas's name wouldn't hurt. 3 & 4. Jingle Bells The Confusion: Why do Bells on Bobtails ring Bonus! How does one get Upsot? Jingle Bells 2nd verse: The horse was lean and lank Misfortune seemed his lot We got into a drifted bank And then we got "upsot" Jingle Bells; what a delightful old carol full of whimsy, getting hammered and falling on your arse. If you’ve ever taken the time to sing and/or take in the full 4 verses of Jingle Bells you’ll know that it is about taking a fast-paced sleigh ride with your lady friend, getting quite drunk in the process, falling down a lot and getting laughed at by passers-by. The second verse features the above line about driving a malnourished horse into a snow bank and getting "upsot" which is an obscure, olden times past-participle of “upset” AND/OR a popular slang term for being duly inebriated. Jingle Bells 4th verse: Just get a bobtailed bay Two forty as his speed Hitch him to an open sleigh And crack! you'll take the lead You may have assumed (rightly so) that a bobtailed bay is a type of horse. Indeed - " Bobtail " refers to the method of tying or cutting the horse’s pony tail so that it doesn't get caught in the harness. A sleigh being pulled through the snow made very little noise so bells would be attached to the harness to avoid collisions with other sleighs at blind intersections. Hence, "bells on bobtails ring". Hope that clears it up for you. "Two forty as his speed" refers to a mile in 2 minutes 40 seconds while trotting. This is considered an excellent speed, therefore suggesting the horse is of good quality. In case you were wondering. 5. Silent Night Soon The Confusion: What's going on with the Virgin? Round young virgin? Proud young virgin? This is a simple case of olden day language and modern day laziness. The confusion comes from this line: Silent night, holy night All is calm, all is bright 'Round yon virgin mother and child. It means, my friends, that all is calm and all is bright AROUND YON (yonder….ok, yonder: at some distance in the direction indicated) virgin, mother and child (that’s Jesus!). Yes, old English is tricky. 6. We Wish You a Merry Christmas Yum! A steaming pile of figgy pudding! The Confusion: Tell us about this supposedly delicious 'Figgy Pudding' Arguably the most fun part to sing in this Christmas carol staple is the verse demanding “figgy pudding” at threat of a sit-in. O Bring us some figgy pudding O Bring us some figgy pudding O Bring us some figgy pudding And bring it right here And we won’t go until we’ve got some We won’t go until we’ve got some We won’t go until we’ve got some And bring it right here Not a good lesson in manners. Figgy pudding was an early version of the ever-present Christmas cake or Christmas pudding that was flavoured mainly with figs. It can be baked, steamed, boiled or fried and looks just as tasty as the stuff you can break your teeth on every year. Earliest references to figgy pudding date back to 16th century England. Mmmm figgy. 7. Walking in a Winter Wonderland I'm legally qualified! The Confusion: Who on earth is Parson Brown? In the meadow we can build a snowman then pretend that he is Parson Brown. He'll say 'Are You Married?' We'll say 'No man, But you can do the job while you're in town!' The explanation for this is simple, really. The characters in the song have built a snowman, pretended it was a traveling clergyman and decided to spontaneously get hitched. Just your average snow day. When “ Walking in a Winter Wonderland ” was written, back in 1934, it was common for Protestant ministers to travel from town to town to perform wedding ceremonies and other religious services in rural areas where they did not have a local minister or “ parson ”, as they were then called. Brown was inserted as a common last name. Thus, Parson Brown, the travelling clergyman made of snow – equipped to declare those crazy kids hitched. 8 & 9. The 12 Days of Christmas 9 and 10 are hosting this year's office party The Confusion: Why would I want Turtle Doves? Calling Birds? Or a Partridge in a Pear Tree for that matter? OK, so what gives here? Why would my true love give me all these birds I’d never heard of over a 12 day period? “ The 12 Days of Christmas ” has been suggested to be full of symbolism and meaning. I could go on for pages on the significance of all 12 gifts but I’m thinking at this point you've been awfully patient to stay with me this far into the article. Let’s keep it simple and start with the 12 days thing. For the uninitiated, Christmas was traditionally celebrated over a period of 12 days , beginning with Christmas day, Dec 25, and ending on January 7 or “Twelfth Night”, ergo, one gift per day. So why would someone give me two turtle doves? Turtle doves , a species found in most parts of the world, have evolved to embody devoted love. They form strong pair bonds and have a mournful call that is considered romantic. Crucially, they are featured in the bible, a pair of them being sacrificed for the birth of Jesus. Two turtle doves it is. These two turtle doves are currently not speaking to each other That true love of mine also gives me 4 Calling Birds or is it Colly Birds? The original version of the song, written in 1780, features 4 Colly Birds as the fourth. Colly being an archaic way to say black – referring to soot or grime like coal dust. The Colly Bird the song refers to is the common blackbird. Over time “colly birds” has morphed to “calling birds” because that just makes more sense to our modern-time brains. So what is the significance of a partridge in a pear tree? No one knows. 10. Auld Lang Syne Friends Forever! The Confusion: Auld Lang Huh? With lyrics taken from a poem written in old Scots by legendary Scottish poet Robbie Burns , it’s no wonder this New Year’s Eve favourite is one of the most gleefully misunderstood songs in the Carol books. It could be argued that part of the charm of Auld Lang Syne is the fact that it’s sang with such (often inebriated) gusto. As people give themselves over to the general sentiment of the song, the words in particular are of little importance. However, for the curious let’s do a bit of translating. So what/who/where is Auld Lang Syne? The Scots words translate into English literally as “old long since” or as you would say “long, long ago” or “once upon a time”. Alright, that part of the mystery solved, what are we really singing about? Well you might have gotten the feeling, being that the song is sang rather emotionally at the turn of the new year, at funerals and other important occasions, that the song is about honouring the good old days and remembering every “auld acquaintance”. Sometimes the sentiment of a song speaks louder than it’s confusing misheard Scottish lyrics. The main part of the song we sing today goes like this: Should old acquaintance be forgot, and never brought to mind? Should old acquaintance	i don't know
In which city in England is the National Railway Museum?	National Railway Museum Welcome National Railway Museum Discover 300 years of history and 1,000,000 objects that changed the world in the UK's largest railway museum. York open 10am-5pm Find us on Facebook Future Engineers In October 2016 the National Railway Museum joined forces with three UK rolling stock companies to launch Future Engineers, an interactive exhibition which inspired young visitors to think about how they could shape the railways of tomorrow.	York
In folklore, who is the king of the elves and fairies?	National Railway Museum York England 2015 - YouTube National Railway Museum York England 2015 Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. The interactive transcript could not be loaded. Loading... Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Jan 10, 2015 National Railway Museum York England 2015 To discover more of Yorkshire by rail, please subscribe to Great Yorkshire Train Journey's. british national railway museum,bullet train at national railway museum,c1 locomotive at national railway museum,channel tunnel locomotive 239 at national railway museum,channel tunnel locomotive at national railway museum,chinese locomotive at national railway museum,electric locomotives at national railway museum york,lms locomotive 7050 at national railway museum,locomotive 1275 at national railway museum,locomotive 214 gladstone at national railway museum,locomotive 31018 at national railway museum,locomotive 5972 at national railway museum,locomotive 66 aerolite at national railway museum,locomotive e26020 at national railway museum,locomotive frank galbraith at national railway museum,locomotive lion at national railway museum,locomotive rt239 at national railway museum york,locomotives at national railway museum,locomotives at national railway museum york,national railway museum,national railway museum collection,national railway museum england,national railway museum history,national railway museum leeman,national railway museum library,national railway museum railway,national railway museum steam locomotives,national railway museum travel guide,national railway museum york bury,national railway museum york opened,national railway museum york uk,national railway museum yorkshire,search engine national railway museum,tornado national railway museum,uk national railway museum,what year was the national railway museum york established,york national railway museum Category	i don't know
What is the most common colour that appears in the flags of the world?	Colors of Flags This page is part of © FOTW Flags Of The World website Colors of Flags FOTW Topical Index At the International Congress of Vexillology (ICV) held in Victoria, Canada, last year (1999) , I presented a paper (prepared by Theo Stylianides and myself) entitled VEXISTATS - A statistical overview of the colours, symbols and designs of national flags in the 20th Century. This paper dealt with the design, colours and symbols used on flags in 1917, 1939, 1958, 1970 and 1999 and has a number of tables showing use of colours, symbols/emblems etc. and highlighted the trends which emerged over the century. The basic contents of the paper included Colours - number and type of colours; colour by continent, flag area covered by colour; Symbols - type of symbols, symbol by continent; Proportion - proportion, proportion by continent; Design - equal/unequal stripes, cantons, triangles, borders etc. This paper won the International Association of Flagmakers Award at the ICV for being one of the most interesting and unusual papers presented at the Congress. Bruce Berry, 29 May 2000 Colours The analysis of the number of colours used on flags between 1917 and 1999 reveals that the use of three colours is by far the most popular (Table 1), although this has declined between 1917 and 1999. The use of a single colour is negligible, the only examples being the plain red flag of Muscat and Oman in 1958 and 1970 and the green banner currently used by Libya. The use of bi-coloured flags increased between 1917 and 1939 but has since declined from the peak of 38% in 1939 to 25% currently. While having three colours is the most popular, this has also declined from a high of 61% in 1917 to 45% in 1999. There was a slight increase from between 1958 (51%) to 1970 (53%), possibly due to the large number of newly independent African countries whose flags use a three-colour combination. The use of more than three colours has increased with four- (23% in 1999), five- (6% in 1999) and even a six-colour flag currently being in use. The increase in the number of colours can be explained by the improvements in flag manufacturing technology together with the cultural preferences of the African, Asian and Caribbean countries which gained independence in the latter half of the century. Table 1 - Percentage of flags with a given number of colours (1917-1999) % of flags with 100 100 Tables 2 and 3 deal with the number of colours by continent in 1999. Table 2 gives the percentage of flags in each continent with a given number of colours and shows that over 70% of African flags contain three or four colours, while nearly 60% of the flags in America are three-coloured. Asia, by contrast, has almost an equal number of two-, three- and four-coloured flags. Table 3 shows where the numbers of colours on flags are located in the world in 1999. It is interesting to note that the only countries using a single-coloured flag (Libya) - the least number of colours currently used on a national flag - and a six-coloured flag (South Africa) - the most colours on a national flag - are both located in Africa. Table 2 - Percentage of flags in each continent with a given number of colours (1999) % of flags with Table 3 - Percentage of 1, 2, ..., 6 colour flags by continent (1999) % of flags with 7 100 The most popular colour used on flags is red (Table 4). Red has been the most popular colour throughout the century. Although it has declined from appearing on 81% of the flags surveyed in 1917 to 74% in 1999, it is still the most popular colour used on flags today. White also remains a popular colour and is found in 71% of all flags, slightly down from a high of 77% in 1917. Yellow has shown an overall increase from 26% in 1917 to 43% currently, while the use of blue has declined steadily from 67% at the beginning of the century to 50% today. The use of both black and green has shown constant increases, green showing the most dramatic increase from appearing on 16% of the flags in 1917 to 42% in 1999. The most obvious explanation for this is the use of green in the flags of Africa, and the Islamic countries of the Middle East and Asia. The use of black is also a feature in nearly a third of African flags. The use of other colours remains small, with orange being found on 5% of flags. In 1917 no orange was used, while in 1939 it was found on the flags of Ireland and South Africa. Today the number of countries using orange on their flag has grown to nine and includes such diverse countries as India, Armenia, C�te d'Ivoire, Ireland, Turkmenistan and the Marshall Islands. Other colours found on flags range from pink on the former flag of Persia in 1917, to brown (Lesotho shield and the tree branch in the flag of Dominica), silver/gray (Malta medal, Vatican keys and in part of the crested crane on the Ugandan flag) and purple (part of the Dominican parrot) in 1999. Maroon is now also found on the flags of Latvia, Qatar, Georgia and Turkmenistan. The point made by Weitman2 that "national flags make use of only seven outstanding colours: red, blue, green, yellow, orange, black and white ..." remains true in 1999. Table 4 - Percentage of flags containing specific colours (1917-1999) % of flags containing 3 5 The review of the colours by continent in 1999 (Table 5) shows that the most popular colours used on African flags are green (79%), red (75%) and white (55%). White (74%) is the most popular in the Americas, followed by blue and red. White (84%) and red (81%) are also the most popular colours on Asian flags, while red (74%), white (72%) and blue (53%) are the most popular on European flags. White (86%) and blue (79%) predominate in the flags of Oceania. Table 5 - Percentage of flags in each continent containing specific colours (1999) % of flags containing - 5 As indicated earlier, red is the most popular flag being found on 74% of all the flags of the world today, followed by white on 71% of flags and blue on 50%. It is interesting that these colours are associated with the countries of the Old World (UK, France, Netherlands and Russia) as well as the United States. Yellow is found on 43% of the world's flags, mainly in Africa, South America and Oceania. Green is found on 42%, predominantly in Africa and to a lesser extent in Asia. 22% of flags today contain black, the colour being popular in the flags of Africa and the Caribbean region. Bruce Berry, 31 May 2000 Colour Areas Red is the dominant colour both in terms of the number of flags it appears on as well as the area it occupies. Although blue occupies the second largest area on flags, the second most popular colour on the total number of flags is actually white. It appears, therefore, that white appears on more flags but in smaller amounts while blue is on fewer flags but in larger amounts. Yellow appears on more flags in smaller amounts than green, while green occupies the third largest area appearing on fewer flags than yellow but in larger amounts. Similar observations occur for the other main colours used on flags but the undisputed most popular colour remains red. Table 8 - Percentage area of all flags covered by specific colors (1917, 1958 and 1999) % of Area Covered by 100 100 The last table shows the percentage flag area covered by a specific colour by continent in 1999. African flags account for most of the yellow, black, green and orange areas at 37%, 36%, 53% and 39% respectively. Most of the blue area is found in America and Europe (26% and 25%, respectively). Asia and Europe account for the bulk of the red area at 29% and 27%, respectively, as well as the white area at 29% and 33%, respectively. Other colours, mainly maroon and dark red, are predominantly a feature of European flags (Georgia and Latvia) at 65% and Asia (Qatar and Turkmenistan) at 30%. 84% of the area occupied by multi-coloured coats of arms is found in America and Europe (42% each). Bruce Berry, 31 May 2000 Table 3 - Percentage flag area covered by a specific colour by continent (1999) Colour	Red
How many stars make up Orion's belt?	Red Red Red The Meanings of Red Red is the color of extremes. It’s the color of passionate love, seduction, violence, danger, anger, and adventure. Our prehistoric ancestors saw red as the color of fire and blood – energy and primal life forces – and most of red’s symbolism today arises from its powerful associations in the past. Red is also a magical and religious color. It symbolized super-human heroism to the Greeks and is the color of the Christian crucifixion. Red was almost as rare and as expensive as purple in ancient days – a fact that may explain its magic and power. Paradoxically, today’s intense red dyes come from crushed insects (the lac beetle and the cochineal). Global Meanings of Red Red’s global similarities are significant: Red is one of the top two favorite colors of all people. Red is the most popular color used on flags in the world. Approximately 77% of all flags include red. Red is the international color for stop. Red districts sell sex and pornography in every European culture. The history of languages reveals that red is the first color after black and white. (All languages have words for black and white. If a third hue exists, it is red.) Unique Meanings of Red in Different Cultures Red is the color of good luck in Asia and is the most popular color in China. Most Japanese children draw the sun as a big red circle. In East Asian stock markets, red is used to denote a rise in stock prices. (Note: In North American stock markets, red is used to denote a drop in stock prices.) Red is an auspicious color for marriage. Brides in India and Nepal wear red saris; in Japan, a red kimono symbolizes happiness and good luck. Designing with Red All reds are not created equal. Aside from light and dark shades of red, there are two kinds of red: Yellow-based reds are “tomato” reds. Blue-based reds are “berry reds.” Some say that males are more attracted to the tomato reds: females to the berry reds. Context is everything when using red. For example, when red is place on a black background, it glows with an otherworldly fire; on a white background, red appears somewhat duller; in contrast with orange, red appears lifeless. Notice that the red square appears larger on black. Regardless of how it is used in a design, a little bit of red goes a long way. How Red Affects Vision Red captures attention. It is one of the most visible colors, second only to yellow - which explains why it is used on fire engines and stop signs to trigger alertness. Red focuses behind the retina which forces the lens grows more convex to pull it forward. Therefore, we perceive that red areas are moving forward. This may explain why red captures attention. Note: Eight percent of the male population has a red-green color vision deficiency and cannot see red at all Myths about Red “They” claim that red raises your blood pressure and quickens your heartbeat. Yes, red is a strong color but its immediate effects are only temporary and do not apply to everyone. Tidbits - Points to Ponder In Russia, the word for "red" means beautiful. Experience the magic of red! See the red square at Color & Vision Matters . Also ...	i don't know
What was left in Pandora's box after she released misery and evil?	Pandora's Box \| God of War Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia Edit The Box was created by Hephaestus , by the order of Zeus , to contain the Evils created by the Titanomachy . Knowing that no mere metal could contain the Evils of the world, Hephaestus forged the Box out of a Power greater than that of the Gods: the Flame of Olympus . The Flame, as lethal as it was beautiful, would kill all who dared touch it, therefore being the perfect safeguard for the Box. The key to pacifying the Flame was a child Hephaestus created from the flame itself - Pandora . Knowing that Zeus would take Pandora from him, Hephaestus tricked Zeus into believing that placing the Box on the back of Cronos would be the safest place, thus hereby saving Pandora, and condemning Cronos to a life of agony. The brilliant architect, Pathos Verdes III , was tasked to build a temple to house the Box, ensuring that none would be able to reach it. Over time, he descended into madness, and the temple's puzzles grew more vicious and complex accordingly. He would eventually commit suicide, leaving the temple somewhat unfinished. Although many would-be heroes and treasure seekers fell to the traps of Pandora's Temple seeking the Box, only Kratos would claim the powerful artifact in order to kill Ares. As he found it, however, it was immediately stolen by Harpies as Ares himself slew Kratos. The God of War then chained the Box to his wrist, threatening to unleash it on Olympus itself. However, Kratos returned from the Underworld due to help of the mysterious gravedigger and reclaimed the Box from Ares using Zeus' Fury. At long last, he opened it and drew from its power, allowing him to meet Ares in battle and eventually kill him with the Blade of the Gods. That would seemingly bring the role of Pandora's Box to an end, but this would not be so, for the power of the Box would still rest in Kratos even after he became the new God of War. God of War II Edit Unbeknownst to Kratos, the opening of the Box would have grave consequences on the world. After Pandora's Box was opened, the Evils of the Titanomachy escaped and infected the Gods, which caused them to become paranoid and power hungry. Zeus himself fell prey to his own Evil-Fear, causing him to begin his campaign to kill Kratos for fear of falling victim to the father-son cycle his own father started all those years ago. He grew obsessed with the prophecy that foretold the destruction of Olympus by mortal hands. Those fears seem to be accurate since Kratos was angry about the trick the Gods played on him, in which they forgive his crimes, yet didn't remove the nightmares. However, despite all these fears and reasonable thoughts, it would be Zeus's actions that would cause Kratos to want to act out of revenge. In God of War III, it was revealed that this Fear also motivated Zeus to confront Hephaestus about how Kratos retrieved the Box from the seemingly-unassailable hiding place atop Cronos. Beating the Smith God horribly, he learned of Pandora's role as a key to the Flame of Olympus-the true safest place to hide the Box-and took Pandora away from Hephaestus while turning him into a crippled monster and leaving him in the torment of The Forge. Also in God of War III, it revealed that Zeus feared that Kratos would seek help from Cronos and so Zeus banished Cronos to the Pit of Tartarus. Pandora's Box is never really seen or mentioned in God of War II , but its role in corrupting the Gods sets the stage for the game, as fear of Kratos led to Zeus' attempt to kill him, in turn spurring Kratos to seek vengeance on the King of the Gods, the Olympians of the Mortal World, and eventually destroy Mount Olympus. God of War III Edit Pandora's Box plays a central role in God of War III , where Kratos again seeks it in order to gain power to kill Zeus and destroy Olympus. Along the way, he confronts and destroys most of the infected Gods, causing the Evils within them to be released into the world as plagues or disasters. Kratos eventually discovers the Box, placed within the Flame of Olympus, and is told by Athena's spirit to seek out Pandora, in order to calm the Fires. Eventually after killing many Gods, and reaching the Chamber of the Flame next to the Throne of Mount Olympus, Kratos succeeds in dispelling the Flame (fighting Zeus and sacrificing Pandora in the process), but finds the Box to be empty, which causes Zeus to mock Kratos for "another stunning failure". This revelation only strengthened his rage and desire for vengeance on Zeus, and he eventually fought Zeus again and, with the Blade of Olympus, struck what seemed to be a fatal blow on the King of the Gods while inside the Titaness Gaia, which also killed her. However, Zeus released a ghost-like projection of himself from his body, which began attacking Kratos with a powerful blast that knocked all of his weapons and armor down and then by infecting him with Fear, the same Evil that corrupted the King of the Gods, thus forcing him to feel the fear and pain of his many victims, as well as his own, long-buried guilt over all of the terrible things he had done in his life like killing his wife and child and killing Athena. As Zeus' spiritual image attacked Kratos and infected his mind, the Spartan withdrew into his own psyche, guided by the spirit of Pandora. After absolving himself of his sins, he was able to unlock the power Athena had told him to find, symbolized by his astral self opening Pandora's Box, and used it to kill Zeus for good and thus the Lighting of the World is unleashed. Shortly after Zeus' death, Athena revealed that years ago when Zeus gathered all the Evil and trapped them in the Box, she placed the "most Powerful weapon in the world" in the Box, the Power of Hope, to counteract the Evils in case it was opened again (she later revealed that she anticipated on the moment that Pandora's Box would be opened). The first time Kratos opened the box, Athena believed the power of Hope to remain inside, while Kratos drew from the Evils. In truth, however, Athena realized that Kratos had actually accessed Hope, while the Evils corrupted the Gods including Zeus which caused him to be obsessed with Kratos's death. Until his confrontation with Zeus, Kratos had been unable to use the Power freely, because it was trapped beneath his overwhelming hatred and guilt and the sins and failures of his past, but now that it was freed, she could reclaim it and use it to reshape the world. In response, however, Kratos impaled himself on the Blade of Olympus and released Hope to the world, completing the escape of the powers once held in Pandora's Box. Powers Edit Pandora's Box in the game According to Athena and Hephaestus, Pandora's Box contains the Evils of the world, created in the wake of the Titanomachy. Exactly what this means is never truly explored, but this does not appear to encompass all of the world's flaws; ample amounts of anger, cruelty, and other negative traits are apparent in the series long before Kratos opens the box. However, Athena claims that the Evils within the box could destroy the world if left unchecked, implying that the powers within Pandora's Box may be extremely potent versions of natural negative traits, focused to unnaturally destructive levels by the widespread violence of the Titanomachy. Cursed Edit Anger/Violence - Poseidon : Acts and fights Kratos in extreme anger and rage for his crimes, like the destruction of Atlantis , his beloved city, caused by Kratos when he released Thera . In a note left for his princess in Poseidon Chamber that appeared in God of War III, he also apologizes for making her the subject of his rage, which shows how he had been very angry during this period but realizes this (something his brethern didn't). Poseidon, in his letter, also doubts that Pandora, a child, deserved such cruelty and that Zeus is no longer the brother he once knew. Mischief/Pride - Hermes : Takes pride in his own speed and mocks and bullies Kratos about his lack of speed and brutality. Pride/Deceit/Slander - Helios : Acts proud and later, when defeated, pleads to Kratos to spare his life; and tries to trick Kratos into entering the Flame of Olympus by lying to him. Helios also says that Hephaestus, the one who told Kratos not to believe him and that the Flame kills all who touch it, is a freak that was exiled from Olympus, representing the evil or sin of Slander. Gluttony/Sloth - Hera : Behaves in a lazy, unenthusiastic way and drinks alcohol casually. Also became obsessed with having Zeus' illegitimate children killing each other off in gladiator style fights. Fear/Obsession/Treachery - Zeus : Behaves in a paranoid manner, and becomes obsessed with killing Kratos for fear of being overthrown. Also he betrayed a lot of his family members, using them more as pawns then as brethern in the fight against his son. Though later on in the final battle, he was freed by the evil when Kratos was beating him to death. Greed/Selfishness - Athena : Tries to usurp the Power of Hope from Kratos in order to use it for herself to become the only Goddess. This Evil is only shown when she was a spirit. Hate/Rage - Hades : Hates Kratos in a very irrational way, perhaps for having killed his wife, Persephone . This hatred then grows when Kratos kills Hades' niece, Athena, and Hades' brother, Poseidon. Lust/Vanity - Aphrodite : Controlled by carnal desires, she turns her handmaidens into sexual slaves by her powers and even helps Kratos only for pleasures with him. Her sexual obsession blinded her for problems of the rest of the world. She also deems her husband, Hephaestus "worthless" and constantly cheats on him with multiple men and women. However, these traits might not be from the plague and instead may be natural traits, since she is the Goddess of Sex and Pleasure, however, it could that the plague emphasized her traits or it had infected her servants before reaching Aphrodite. Envy/Jealousy - Hercules : Full of jealousy and resentment for Kratos for the way they both did penance for the Gods, but Kratos has more fame than he does, resulting in Hercules wanting to take the title of God of War for himself. Misery/Deceit - Hephaestus : Full of sadness and depression after Zeus tortured and disfigured him and took Pandora away from him and forced him to work in the Forge, then, in order to protect Pandora from Kratos, lied about helping Kratos in his quest to kill Zeus and then sent Kratos on a suicide mission to bring the Omphalos Stone from Tartarus (which still resided in Cronos' stomach) so Hepaestus could build Kratos a new weapon: the Nemesis Whip . However, Hephaestus tried to use the new weapon as a conduit of electricity to kill Kratos with his ring. Blessed Edit Hope ( Kratos ): Obtains the Power of Hope to kill Zeus and the Gods and destroy Olympus and has his eyes opened to the chaos he ended up causing. Hope ( Pandora ): Pandora tells Kratos that "As the fear in the Gods rose, mine was replaced by Hope". She was referring to the time that Kratos opened the box to kill Ares, the fallen god of war. It was this Hope that helped her to endure the loss and the torture of her father and her prison in the Labyrinth until she was rescued by Kratos. Hope ( Athena ): While she never actually used the Power herself, she was the one who placed the Power within the Box along with the many Evils fearing the time of when it would be opened. And, after she was consumed by Greed and thus killed Kratos with the Blade of Olympus after the Spartan sacrificed himself to release Hope to the world, in the end maybe the Goddess' spirit finally found Hope and with it, peace. Trivia	Hope
How many pieces does each player have in backgammon?	PANDORA - The First Woman of Greek Mythology Pandora Epimetheus and the birth of Pandora, Athenian red-figure amphora C5th B.C., Ashmolean Museum PANDORA was the first mortal woman who was formed out of clay by the gods. The Titan Prometheus was once assigned the task of creating the race of man. He afterwards grew displeased with the mean lot imposed on them by the gods and so stole fire from heaven. Zeus was angered and commanded Hephaistos (Hephaestus) and the other gods create the first woman Pandora, endowing her with beauty and cunning. He then had her delivered to Prometheus' foolish younger brother Epimetheus as a bride. Zeus gave Pandora a storage jar (pithos) as a wedding gift which she opened, releasing the swarm of evil spirits trapped within. These would forever after plague mankind. Only Elpis (Hope) remained behind, a single blessing to ease mankind's suffering. Pandora's daughter Pyrrha (Fire) was the first child born of a mortal mother. She and her husband Deukalion (Deucalion) were the sole survivors of the Great Deluge. To repopulate the earth they were instructed to cast stones over their shoulder which formed a new race of men and women. The creation of Pandora was often depicted in ancient Greek vase painting. She appears as either a statue-like figure surrounded by gods, or as a woman rising out of the earth (called the anodos in Greek). Sometimes she is surrounded by dancing Satyroi (Satyrs) in a scene from a lost Satyr-play by Sophokles. FAMILY OF PANDORA PARENTS NONE (created by the gods) (Hesiod Works & Days 54, Hesiod Theogony 560, Aeschylus Frag 204, Sophocles Pandora, Pausanias 1.24.7, Hyginus Fabulae 142) OFFSPRING [1.1] PYRRHA (by Epimetheus ) (Apollodorus 1.46, Hyginus Fabulae 142) [1.2] PYRRHA (Strabo 9.5.23) ENCYCLOPEDIA PANDO′RA (Pandôra), i. e. the giver of all, or endowed with every thing, is the name of the first woman on earth. When Prometheus had stolen the fire from heaven, Zeus in revenge caused Hephaestus to make a woman out of earth, who by her charms and beauty should bring misery upon the human race (Hes. Theog. 571, &c.; Stob. Serin. 1). Aphrodite adorned her with beauty, Hermes gave her boldness and cunning, and the gods called her Pandora, as each of the Olympians had given her some power by which she was to work the ruin of man. Hermes took her to Epimetheus, who forgot the advice of his brother Prometheus, not to accept any gift from Zeus, and from that moment all miseries came down upon men (Hes. Op. et Dies, 50, &c.). According to some mythographers, Epimetheus became by her the father of Pyrrha and Deucalion (Hygin. Fab. 142; Apollod. i. 7. § 2 ; Procl. ad Hes. Op. p. 30, ed. Heinsius; Ov. Met. i. 350); others make Pandora a daughter of Pyrrha and Deucalion (Eustath. ad Hom. p. 23). Later writers speak of a vessel of Pandora, containing all the blessings of the gods, which would have been preserved for the human race, had not Pandora opened the vessel, so that the winged blessings escaped irrecoverably. The birth of Pandora was represented on the pedestal of the statue of Athena, in the Parthenon at Athens (Paus. i. 24. § 7). In the Orphic poems Pandora occurs as an infernal awful divinity, and is associated with Hecate and the Erinnyes (Orph. Argon. 974). Pandora also occurs as a surname of Gaea (Earth), as the giver of all. (Schol. ad Aristoph. Av. 970; Philostr. Vit. Apoll. vi. 39; Hesych. s.v.) Source: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. CLASSICAL LITERATURE QUOTES The creation of Pandora, Athenian red-figure kylix C5th B.C., British Museum Hesiod, Works & Days 54 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C8th or C7th B.C.) : "The gods keep hidden from men the means of life [i.e. fire] . . . Zeus in the anger of his heart hid it, because Prometheus the crafty deceived him; therefore he planned sorrow and mischief against men. He hid fire; but that the noble son of Iapetos stole again for men from Zeus the counsellor in a hollow fennel-stalk, so that Zeus who delights in thunder did not see it. But afterwards Zeus who gathers the clouds said to him in anger : ‘Son of Iapetos, surpassing all in cunning, you are glad that you have outwitted me and stolen fire--a great plague to you yourself and to men that shall be. But I will give men as the price for fire an evil thing in which they may all be glad of heart while they embrace their own destruction.’ So said the father of men and gods, and laughed aloud. And he bade famous Hephaistos (Hephaestus) make haste and mix earth with water and to put in it the voice and strength of human kind, and fashion a sweet, lovely maiden-shape, like to the immortal goddesses in face; and Athene (Athena) to teach her needlework and the weaving of the varied web; and golden Aphrodite to shed grace upon her head and cruel longing and cares that weary the limbs. And he charged Hermes the guide, the Slayer of Argos, to put in her a shameless mind and a deceitful nature. So he ordered. And they obeyed the lord Zeus the son of Kronos (Cronus). Forthwith [Hephaistos] the famous Lame God moulded clay in the likeness of a modest maid, as the son of Kronos purposed. And the goddess bright-eyed Athene girded and clothed her, and the divine Kharites (Charites, Graces) and queenly Peitho (Persuasion) put necklaces of gold upon her, and the rich-haired Horai (Horae, Seasons) crowned her head with spring flowers. And Pallas Athene bedecked her form with all manners of finery. Also [Hermes] the Guide, the Slayer of Argos, contrived within her lies and crafty words and a deceitful nature at the will of loud thundering Zeus, and the Herald of the gods put speech in her. And he called this woman Pandora (All-Gifts), because all they who dwelt on Olympos gave each a gift, a plague to men who eat bread. But when he had finished the sheer, hopeless snare, the Father sent glorious Argus-Slayer [Hermes], the swift messenger of the gods, to take it to Epimetheus as a gift. And Epimetheus did not think on what Prometheus had said to him, bidding him never take a gift of Olympian Zeus, but to send it back for fear it might prove to be something harmful to men. But he took the gift, and afterwards, when the evil thing was already his, he understood. For ere this the tribes of men lived on earth remote and free from ills (kakoi) and hard toil (ponoi) and heavy sickness (nosoi) which bring the Keres (Fates) upon men; for in misery men grow old quickly. But the woman took off the great lid of the jar (pithos) with her hands and scattered all these and her thought caused sorrow and mischief to men. Only Elpis (Hope) remained there in an unbreakable home within under the rim of the great jar, and did not fly out at the door; for ere that, the lid of the jar stopped her, by the will of Aigis-holding Zeus who gathers the clouds. But the rest, countless plagues (lugra), wander amongst men; for earth is full of evils and the sea is full. Of themselves diseases (nosoi) come upon men continually by day and by night, bringing mischief to mortals silently; for wise Zeus took away speech from them. So is there no way to escape the will of Zeus." Hesiod, Theogony 510 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C8th or C7th B.C.) : "Scatter-brained Epimetheus who from the first was a mischief to men who eat bread; for it was he who first took of Zeus the woman [i.e. Pandora], the maiden whom he had formed." Hesiod, Theogony 560 ff : "[Zeus] was always mindful of the trick [of Prometheus, who had won for mankind the meat of the sacrificial beast,], and would not give the power of unwearying fire to the Melian race of mortal men who live on the earth. But [Prometheus] the noble son of Iapetos outwitted him and stole the far-seen gleam of unwearying fire in a hollow fennel stalk. And Zeus who thunders on high was stung in spirit, and his dear heart was angered when he saw amongst men the far-seen ray of fire. Forthwith he made an evil thing for men as the price of fire; for the very famous Limping God [Hephaistos (Hephaestus)] formed of earth the likeness of a shy maiden [i.e. Pandora] as [Zeus] the son of Kronos (Cronus) willed. And the goddess bright-eyed Athene (Athena) girded and clothed her with silvery raiment, and down from her head she spread with her hands an embroidered veil, a wonder to see; and she, Pallas Athene, put about her head lovely garlands, flowers of new-grown herbs. Also she put upon her head a crown of gold which [Hephaistos] the very famous Limping God made himself and worked with his own hands as a favor to Zeus his father. On it was much curious work, wonderful to see; for of the many creatures which the land and sea rear up, he put most upon it, wonderful things, like living beings with voices : and great beauty shone out from it. But when he had made the beautiful evil to be the price for the blessing, he brought her out, delighting in the finery which the bright-eyed daughter of a mighty father had given her, to the place where the other gods and men were. And wonder took hold of the deathless gods and mortal men when they saw that which was sheer guile, not to be withstood by men. For from her is the race of women and female kind: of her is the deadly race and tribe of women who live amongst mortal men to their great trouble, no helpmeets in hateful poverty, but only in wealth. And as in thatched hives bees feed the drones whose nature is to do mischief--by day and throughout the day until the sun goes down the bees are busy and lay the white combs, while the drones stay at home in the covered hives and reap the toil of others into their own bellies--even so Zeus who thunders on high made women to be an evil to mortal men, with a nature to do evil. And he gave them a second evil to be the price for the good they had: whoever avoids marriage and the sorrows that women cause, and will not wed, reaches deadly old age without anyone to tend his years, and though he at least has no lack of livelihood while he lives, yet, when he is dead, his kinsfolk divide his possessions amongst them. And as for the man who chooses the lot of marriage and takes a good wife suited to his mind, evil continually contends with good; for whoever happens to have mischievous children, lives always with unceasing grief in his spirit and heart within him; and this evil cannot be healed. So it is not possible to deceive or go beyond the will of Zeus: for not even the son of Iapetos, kindly Prometheus, escaped his heavy anger, but of necessity strong bands confined him, although he knew many a wile." The creation of Pandora, Athenian red-figure calyx krater C5th B.C., British Museum Homer, The Iliad 24. 527 ff (trans. Lattimore) (Greek epic C8th B.C.) : "There are two urns (pithoi) that stand on the door-sill of Zeus. They are unlike for the gifts they bestow: an urn of evils (kakoi), an urn of blessings (dôroi). If Zeus who delights in thunder mingles these and bestows them on man, he shifts, and moves now in evil, again in good fortune. But when Zeus bestows from the urn of sorrows, he makes a failure of man, and hte evil hunger drives him over the shining earth, and he wanders resepected neither of gods nor mortals." [N.B. Later writers say that Zeus gave one of these two jars to Pandora. The poets were at odds as to which jar she received--Hesiod says it was the jar of evils (kakoi), but Theognis and Aesop claim it was the jar of blessings (dôroi). The name Pan-dôra ("all-gifts") perhaps suggests the latter.] Theognis, Fragment 1. 1135 (trans. Gerber, Vol. Greek Elegiac) (Greek elegy C6th B.C.) : "Elpis (Hope) is the only good god remaining among mankind; the others have left and gone to Olympos. Pistis (Trust), a mighty god has gone, Sophrosyne (Restraint) has gone from men, and the Kharites (Charites, Graces), my friend, have abandoned the earth. Men's judicial oaths are no longer to be trusted, nor does anyone revere the immortal gods; the race of pious men has perished and men no longer recognize the rules of conduct or acts of piety." [N.B. Theognis' account is the reverse of Hesiod's--the good spirits escape from Pandora's jar, abandoning mankind in their flight back to heaven.] Aesop, Fables 526 (from Babrius 58) (trans. Gibbs) (Greek fable C6th B.C.) : "Zeus gathered all the useful things together in a jar and put a lid on it. He then left the jar in human hands. But man had no self-control and he wanted to know what was in that jar, so he pushed the lid aside, letting those things go back to the abode of the gods. So all the good things flew away, soaring high above the earth, and Elpis (Hope) was the only thing left. When the lid was put back on the jar, Elpis (Hope) was kept inside. That is why Elpis (Hope) alone is still found among the people, promising that she will bestow on each of us the good things that have gone away." [N.B. "Human hands" alludes to the story of Pandora who delivered the jar to mankind. In this version, however, it is apparently her husband who opens it.] Aesop, Fables 525 (from Chambry 1) (trans. Gibbs) (Greek fable C6th B.C.) : "The Good Things were too weak to defend themselves from the Bad Things, so the Bad Things drove them off to heaven. The Good Things then asked Zeus how they could reach mankind. Zeus told them that they should not go together all at once, only one at a time. This is why people are constantly besieged by Bad Things, since they are nearby, while Good Things come more rarely, since they must descend to us from heaven one by one." [N.B. This fable describes the spirits which had escaped from Pandora's jar. It also refers to the two jars set beside the throne of Zeus in the Iliad--one containing Good Things and the other Evils.] Epimetheus, Pandora and Eros (detail), Athenian red-figure amphora C5th B.C., Ashmolean Museum Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 250 ff (trans. Weir Smyth) (Greek tragedy C5th B.C.) : "Prometheus : Yes, I caused mortals to cease foreseeing their doom (moros). Chorus : Of what sort was the cure that you found for this affliction? Prometheus : I caused blind hopes (elpides) to dwell within their breasts. Chorus : A great benefit was this you gave to mortals." [N.B. This is presumably a reference to Pandora's jar--a curse concocted by Zeus to punish mankind for the theft of fire. Prometheus seems to be saying that he was the one who stayed Hope inside the jar when all the other spirits escaped.] Aeschylus, Fragment 204 (from Proclus, Commentary on Hesiod's Works and Days 156) : "A mortal woman from out a seed moulded of clay [i.e Pandora]." Sophocles, Pandora (lost play) (C5th B.C.) : Sophocles wrote a Satyr-play entitled Pandora or Sphyrocopi which dramatised the story of the first woman. Plato, Protagoras 320c - 322a (trans. Lamb) (Greek philosopher C4th B.C.) : "Prometheus stole the mechanical arts of Hephaistos (Hephaestus) and Athene (Athena), and fire with them (they could neither have been acquired nor used without fire), and gave them to man . . . But Prometheus is said to have been afterwards prosecuted for theft, owing to the blunder of Epimetheus [i.e. because he accepted Pandora from Zeus]." Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 1. 46 (trans. Aldrich) (Greek mythographer C2nd A.D.) : "Prometheus had a son Deukalion (Deucalion), who was king of the lands round Phthia and was married to Pyrrha, the daughter of Epimetheus and Pandora, the first woman created by the gods." Euphorion of Chalcis, Fragments (trans. Page, Vol. Select Papyri III, No. 121 (2b)) (Greek epic C3rd B.C.) : "Pandora, donor of evil (kakodôros), man's sorrow self-imposed." Strabo, Geography 9. 5. 23 (trans. Jones) (Greek geographer C1st B.C. to C1st A.D.) : "[The region of] Thessalia (Thessaly). But speaking of it as a whole, I may say that in earlier times it was called Pyrrhaia (Pyrrhaea), after Pyrrha the wife of Deukalion (Deucalion) . . . But some writers, dividing it into two parts, say that Deukalion obtained the portion towards the south and called it Pandora after his mother [i.e. his mother-in-law], and that the other part fell to Haimon (Haemon), after whom it was called Haimonia (Haemonia), but that the former name was changed to Hellas, after Hellen the son of Deukalion, and the latter to Thessalia, after the son of Haimon." [N.B. Pyrrha was the daughter of Pandora and wife of Deukalion. Deukalion named various parts of Thessalia after his wife and mother-in-law.] Pausanias, Description of Greece 1. 24. 7 (trans. Jones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.) : "On the pedestal [of the statue of Athena on the Akropolis in Athens] is the birth of Pandora in relief. Hesiod and others have sung how this Pandora was the first woman; before Pandora was born there was as yet no womankind." Pseudo-Hyginus, Fabulae 142 (trans. Grant) (Roman mythographer C2nd A.D.) : "Prometheus, son of Iapetus, first fashioned men from clay. Later Vulcanus [Hephaistos], at Jove's [Zeus'] command, made a woman's form from clay. Minerva [Athene] gave it life, and the rest of the gods each gave come other gift. Because of this they named her Pandora. She was given in marriage to Prometheus' brother Epimetheus. Pyrrha was her daughter, and was said to be the first mortal born." Nonnus, Dionysiaca 7. 7 ff (trans. Rouse) (Greek epic C5th A.D.) : "[Aion (Time) addresses Zeus :] ‘But, some may say, a medicine [Hope] has been planted to make long-suffering mortals forget their troubles, to save their lives. Would that Pandora had never opened the heavenly cover of that jar--she the sweet bane of mankind!’" ANCIENT GREEK ART	i don't know
What cocktail consists of Tia Maria, Vodka and Coke?	Black Russian Cocktail Add to favourite recipes Black Russian Cocktail Shake the vodka and kahlua. Pour over the ice. Top up with cola. Serve in a tumbler. Ingredients: How do you rate it? Rate Cocktail Leave some comments about the Black Russian black russian is now a triple vodka in a pint of guiness by prolific the ingredients are correct. 2 shots of vodka, 1 shot of kahlua or tia maria whatever, both are coffee liqueurs. put over ice and dash with. thats it. no secret. by tony This is my all time favourite drink & I think it taste the best with Tia Maria not Kohla! White Russian is alsoa favourite but because it is so easy to drink I tend to get very drunk on it :o) x by Helen Birch Ok Vodka, Tia Maria & Coke, They are the ingredients. And its not coffee its chocolate, because the drink is otherwise known as a Chocolate Orgasm. by Kathryn Janeway the ingredients here are wrong. it is vodka. tia maria,coke poured over ice and topped with a dash of guinness by damien Am i the only one who think this drink tastes like coffee?Great drink tho! by Flesh best drink ever ! if i remember rightly , the ingredients were . . . . . tia maria , pepsi , the head of guiness & vodka ? by andy Must have a dash of Lime try it you'll be convert. by Angela The only drink to enjoy. . . . . by Cherri MacD Great - only long island tea is better - coke diffuses the flavours without weakening it - so do it with a splash of coke! by Fred Barff u gotta have a head of guiness for the ultimate 'irish black russian'!! by Ali only wimps have coke in it!!! by DS The original Black Russian in the 1970's used Tia Maria not Kahlua because Kahlua did not exist then. by C S Sorry, but a Black Russian is Vodka and Kahlua, PERIOD. Proportions vary - with a stronger tasting voda (a la Stoly), 1-to-1 tend to be about right, but lighter vodkas, 2/1 vodka/Kahlua is btter. FORGET THE COLA, this drink is already sweet enough. by Joe in the US over here in ireland we top it off with guinness, anybody else do this around the world? by ladyskyline The Big Debate: Traditional Black Russian is Kahlua and Vodka. If served in a pub, they add coke to make it go further. Tia Maria is NOT the same as Kahlua, the flavour is different - Kahlua is a stronger coffee flavour(see Notabikeranymore)Also, see White Russian by Tom Booze Tia maria is basically the brand name for kahlua. Like smirnoff is for vodka by Notabikeranymore Leave the Vodka and Kahlua and remove the splash of coke. . . . . . . . no good with coke by J Thought it was Tia Maria! by Deb Gorgeous, tastes extra lovely with a Guiness top, as served in my local. yum by CharChar well what can i say but if u want to get smashed in a lovely sinking way this is the one for you! by ian haley This is one of my favorite drinks. by Jeff Gibbons Black Russian is a great drink but COLA ahs NOTHING to do in it. Correct recipe is: 2/3 vodka, 1/3 Kahlua. Build into an ice-filled old-fashioned glass. by Pete Nice with crushed ice too. in a long glass with plenty of coke by Caroline It's a drink with a lot of taste that should be enjoyed slow but steady by Petter	Black Russian
What colour are the seats in the House of Lords? Red, Blue or Green?	Black Russian Cocktail Add to favourite recipes Black Russian Cocktail Shake the vodka and kahlua. Pour over the ice. Top up with cola. Serve in a tumbler. Ingredients: How do you rate it? Rate Cocktail Leave some comments about the Black Russian black russian is now a triple vodka in a pint of guiness by prolific the ingredients are correct. 2 shots of vodka, 1 shot of kahlua or tia maria whatever, both are coffee liqueurs. put over ice and dash with. thats it. no secret. by tony This is my all time favourite drink & I think it taste the best with Tia Maria not Kohla! White Russian is alsoa favourite but because it is so easy to drink I tend to get very drunk on it :o) x by Helen Birch Ok Vodka, Tia Maria & Coke, They are the ingredients. And its not coffee its chocolate, because the drink is otherwise known as a Chocolate Orgasm. by Kathryn Janeway the ingredients here are wrong. it is vodka. tia maria,coke poured over ice and topped with a dash of guinness by damien Am i the only one who think this drink tastes like coffee?Great drink tho! by Flesh best drink ever ! if i remember rightly , the ingredients were . . . . . tia maria , pepsi , the head of guiness & vodka ? by andy Must have a dash of Lime try it you'll be convert. by Angela The only drink to enjoy. . . . . by Cherri MacD Great - only long island tea is better - coke diffuses the flavours without weakening it - so do it with a splash of coke! by Fred Barff u gotta have a head of guiness for the ultimate 'irish black russian'!! by Ali only wimps have coke in it!!! by DS The original Black Russian in the 1970's used Tia Maria not Kahlua because Kahlua did not exist then. by C S Sorry, but a Black Russian is Vodka and Kahlua, PERIOD. Proportions vary - with a stronger tasting voda (a la Stoly), 1-to-1 tend to be about right, but lighter vodkas, 2/1 vodka/Kahlua is btter. FORGET THE COLA, this drink is already sweet enough. by Joe in the US over here in ireland we top it off with guinness, anybody else do this around the world? by ladyskyline The Big Debate: Traditional Black Russian is Kahlua and Vodka. If served in a pub, they add coke to make it go further. Tia Maria is NOT the same as Kahlua, the flavour is different - Kahlua is a stronger coffee flavour(see Notabikeranymore)Also, see White Russian by Tom Booze Tia maria is basically the brand name for kahlua. Like smirnoff is for vodka by Notabikeranymore Leave the Vodka and Kahlua and remove the splash of coke. . . . . . . . no good with coke by J Thought it was Tia Maria! by Deb Gorgeous, tastes extra lovely with a Guiness top, as served in my local. yum by CharChar well what can i say but if u want to get smashed in a lovely sinking way this is the one for you! by ian haley This is one of my favorite drinks. by Jeff Gibbons Black Russian is a great drink but COLA ahs NOTHING to do in it. Correct recipe is: 2/3 vodka, 1/3 Kahlua. Build into an ice-filled old-fashioned glass. by Pete Nice with crushed ice too. in a long glass with plenty of coke by Caroline It's a drink with a lot of taste that should be enjoyed slow but steady by Petter	i don't know
Which Roman God is one of the symbols of St Valentine's Day?	The Truth Behind St. Valentine’s Day Home Library Articles Man’s Holidays The Truth Behind St. Valentine’s Day St. Valentine’s Day is the world’s “holiday of love.” Since the Bible states that God is love ( I John 4:8 , 16 ), does He approve of the celebration of this day? Does He want His people—true Christians—partaking of the candy and cards, or any customs associated with this day? Save Subscribe When God says He wants you to live life abundantly ( John 10:10 ), does that include celebrating a festive, seemingly harmless holiday like Valentine’s Day? The God who gives us everything—life, food, drink, the ability to think for ourselves, etc.—surely approves of St. Valentine’s Day, the holiday for lovers to exchange gifts—right? Do not be so certain. Do not assume anything. Do not even take this article’s word for it. Go to history books and encyclopedias. Go to the Bible. Then you will know the real truth behind St. Valentine’s Day. And you will know what God expects you to do about it! Valentine’s Past Like Christmas, Easter, Halloween, New Year’s and other holidays of this world, St. Valentine’s Day is another attempt to “whitewash” perverted customs and observances of pagan gods and idols by “Christianizing” them. As innocent and harmless as St. Valentine’s Day may appear, its traditions and customs originate from two of the most sexually perverted pagan festivals of ancient history: Lupercalia and the feast day of Juno Februata. Celebrated on February 15, Lupercalia (known as the “festival of sexual license”) was held by the ancient Romans in honor of Lupercus, god of fertility and husbandry, protector of herds and crops, and a mighty hunter—especially of wolves. The Romans believed that Lupercus would protect Rome from roving bands of wolves, which devoured livestock and people. Assisted by Vestal Virgins, the Luperci (male priests) conducted purification rites by sacrificing goats and a dog in the Lupercal cave on Palatine Hill, where the Romans believed the twins Romulus and Remus had been sheltered and nursed by a she-wolf before they eventually founded Rome. Clothed in loincloths made from sacrificed goats and smeared in their blood, the Luperci would run about Rome, striking women with februa, thongs made from skins of the sacrificed goats. The Luperci believed that the floggings purified women and guaranteed their fertility and ease of childbirth. February derives from februa or “means of purification.” To the Romans, February was also sacred to Juno Februata, the goddess of febris (“fever”) of love, and of women and marriage. On February 14, billets (small pieces of paper, each of which had the name of a teen-aged girl written on it) were put into a container. Teen-aged boys would then choose one billet at random. The boy and the girl whose name was drawn would become a “couple,” joining in erotic games at feasts and parties celebrated throughout Rome. After the festival, they would remain sexual partners for the rest of the year. This custom was observed in the Roman Empire for centuries. Whitewashing Perversion In A.D. 494, Pope Gelasius renamed the festival of Juno Februata as the “Feast of the Purification of the Virgin Mary.” The date of its observance was later changed from February 14 to February 2, then changed back to the 14. It is also known as Candlemas, the Presentation of the Lord, the Purification of the Blessed Virgin and the Feast of the Presentation of Christ in the Temple. After Constantine had made the Roman church’s brand of Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire (A.D. 325), church leaders wanted to do away with the pagan festivals of the people. Lupercalia was high on their list. But the Roman citizens thought otherwise. It was not until A.D. 496 that the church at Rome was able to do anything about Lupercalia. Powerless to get rid of it, Pope Gelasius instead changed it from February 15 to the 14th and called it St. Valentine’s Day. It was named after one of that church’s saints, who, in A.D. 270, was executed by the emperor for his beliefs. According to the Catholic Encyclopedia, “At least three different Saint Valentines, all of them martyrs, are mentioned in early martyrologies under the date of 14 February. One is described as a priest at Rome, another as bishop of Interamna (modern Terni), and these two seem both to have suffered in the second half of the third century and to have been buried on the Flaminian Way, but at different distances from the city…Of the third Saint Valentine, who suffered in Africa with a number of companions, nothing is further known.” Several biographies of different men named Valentine were merged into one “official” St. Valentine. The church whitewashed Lupercalia even further. Instead of putting the names of girls into a box, the names of “saints” were drawn by both boys and girls. It was then each person’s duty to emulate the life of the saint whose name he or she had drawn. This was Rome’s vain attempt to “whitewash” a pagan observance by “Christianizing” it, which God has not given man the power or authority to do. Though the church at Rome had banned the sexual lottery, young men still practiced a much toned-down version, sending women whom they desired handwritten romantic messages containing St. Valentine’s name. Over the centuries, St. Valentine’s Day cards became popular, especially by the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. These cards were painted with pictures of Cupid and hearts, and meticulously decorated with lace, silk or flowers. First Man Called Valentine But who was the original Valentine? What does the name Valentine mean? Valentine comes from the Latin Valentinus, which derives from valens—“to be strong, powerful, mighty.” The Bible describes a man with a similar title: “And Cush begat Nimrod: he began to be a mighty one in the earth. He was a mighty hunter before the Lord: wherefore it is said, Even as Nimrod the mighty hunter before the Lord” ( Gen. 10:8-9 ). He was said to have hunted with bow and arrow. As mentioned, the Romans celebrated Lupercalia to honor the hunter god Lupercus. To the Greeks, from whom the Romans had copied most of their mythology, Lupercus was known as Pan, the god of light. The Phoenicians worshipped the same deity as Baal, the sun god. Baal was one of many names or titles for Nimrod, a mighty hunter, especially of wolves. He was also the founder and first lord of Babel ( Gen. 10:10-12 ). Defying God, Nimrod was the originator of the Babylonian Mystery Religion, whose mythologies have been copied by the Egyptians, the Greeks, the Romans and a multitude of other ancient peoples. Under different names or titles—Pan, Lupercus, Saturn, Osiris—Nimrod is the strong man and hunter-warrior god of the ancients. But what does the heart symbol have to do with a day honoring Nimrod/Valentine? The title Baal means “lord” or “master,” and is mentioned throughout the Bible as the god of pagans. God warned His people not to worship or even tolerate the ways of Baal (Nimrod). In ancient Chaldean (the language of the Babylonians), bal, which is similar to Baal, meant, “heart.” This is where the Valentine heart symbol originated. Now notice the name Cupid. It comes from the Latin verb cupere, meaning “to desire.” Cupid was the son of Venus, Roman goddess of beauty and love. Also known as Eros in ancient Greece, he was the son of Aphrodite. According to myth, he was responsible for impregnating numerous goddesses and mortals. Cupid was a child-like archer (remember, Nimrod was a skilled archer). Mythology describes Cupid as having both a cruel and happy personality. He would use his invisible arrows, tipped with gold, to strike unsuspecting men and women, causing them to fall madly in love. He did not do this for their benefit, but to drive them crazy with intense passion, to make their lives miserable, and to laugh at the results. Many of the gods of the Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, Assyrians and others were modeled after one man—Nimrod. But what does this have to do with us today? Why should we be concerned with what happened in the past? What God Thinks Read what God commands His people concerning pagan customs and traditions: “Learn not the way of the heathen…For the customs of the people are vain” ( Jer. 10:2-3 ). Also notice Christ’s words in Matthew 15:9 : “…in vain they do worship Me, teaching for doctrines the commandments of men.” Throughout the Bible, God describes “heathens” as those who worship things that He had created (animals, the sun, the moon, stars, trees, etc.), or man-made idols, or anything but the one true God. He calls such people and their practices pagan. True Christians understand that God hates any customs, practices and traditions that are rooted in paganism. But just how serious is God about paganism? When He rescued the twelve tribes of Israel from brutal slavery and led them out of Egypt, He commanded them, “After the doings of the land of Egypt, wherein you dwelt, shall you not do: and after the doings of the land of Canaan, where I bring you, shall you not do: neither shall you walk in their ordinances” ( Lev. 18:3 ). God demanded the Israelites not to defile themselves with the pagan practices and customs of surrounding nations ( vs. 24-29 ). “Therefore shall you keep Mine ordinance, that you commit not any one of these abominable customs, which were committed before you, and that you defile not yourselves therein: I am the Lord your God” ( vs. 30 ). God cursed Egypt—a nation of nature-worshippers—with ten plagues and freed Israel from slavery. He rescued Israel from Pharaoh’s army by parting the Red Sea and leading His people to safety. He fed the Israelites manna—special bread made by God—from heaven. He protected them from battle-tested Gentile armies, delivered them into the Promised Land and drove out their enemies. How did Israel treat God in return? “Our fathers understood not Your wonders in Egypt; they remembered not the multitude of Your mercies; but provoked Him at the sea, even at the Red Sea…They soon forgot His works; they waited not for His counsel: But lusted exceedingly in the wilderness, and tempted God in the desert…They made a calf in Horeb, and worshipped the molten image. Thus they changed their glory into the similitude of an ox that eats grass. They forgot God their Savior, which had done great things in Egypt; wondrous works in the land of Ham, and terrible things by the Red Sea…they despised the pleasant land, they believed not His word: But murmured in their tents, and hearkened not unto the voice of the Lord …They joined themselves also unto Baal-peor, and ate the sacrifices of the dead. Thus they provoked Him to anger with their intentions” ( Psa. 106:7 , 13-14 , 19-22 , 24-25 , 28-29 ). God explicitly commanded Israel to cast out and utterly destroy all nations that occupied the Promised Land (Canaan). Above all, His people were not to make political alliances with them or marry into their families ( Deut. 7:1-3 , 5 , 16 ). “For they will turn away your sons from following Me, that they may serve other gods” ( vs. 4 ). But the Israelites thought they knew better than God. They decided to do things their own way. “They did not destroy the nations, concerning whom the Lord commanded them: But were mingled among the heathen, and learned their works. And they served their idols: which were a snare unto them. Yes, they sacrificed their sons and their daughters unto devils [demons], and shed innocent blood, even the blood of their sons and of their daughters, whom they sacrificed unto the idols of Canaan: and the land was polluted with blood. Thus were they defiled with their own works, and went a whoring with their own inventions” ( Psa. 106:34-39 ). To wake them up and get them back on track as the model nation He had originally intended, God gave Israel over to their enemies. Israel repented and cried out to God. God rescued them. With their bellies full and lives protected, the Israelites went back to pursuing other gods. God punished Israel again. Israel repented and cried out to God. And so went the deliverance-idolatry-punishment-repentance cycle ( vs. 40-46 ), until finally, God had no other choice but to divorce unfaithful Israel ( Jer. 3:6-11 ). He used the Assyrians, one of the most brutal warrior nations in history, to invade, conquer, enslave and relocate the entire northern kingdom of Israel ( II Kings 17 ). Having “disappeared” from history, the modern-day descendants of those ten “lost” tribes are unaware of their true identity even to this day. Later, God sent the southern kingdom of Judah (mainly the tribes of Judah, Benjamin and Levi) into Babylonian exile ( II Kings 24 and 25 ). Because they kept (at least physically) the true Sabbath, which is a special sign that identifies the one true God and His people ( Ex. 31:12-18 ), the Jews were able to retain their true identity. The Israelites were severely punished because they lusted after pagan customs, rituals, traditions and practices. As you can see, God does not take paganism lightly. Why Paganism Is Wrong Just why does God hate anything that resembles pagan customs? Is it possible to “whitewash” or “Christianize” pagan practices and make them clean? Is it okay to practice pagan customs as long as you “worship God”? Notice what God says in Leviticus chapter 18 . After rescuing Israel from slavery, God warned them not to practice the customs they had picked up in Egypt, or learn the ways, customs and traditions of the Gentile nations that they would encounter in the Promised Land ( vs. 1-3 ). Instead, God commanded Israel to follow His ways ( vs. 4-5 ). God then describes the pagan ways of these ungodly nations in great detail. In verses 7-20 , He condemns all kinds of heterosexual sex relations that fall outside the holy boundaries of marriage—incest, fornication, adultery, etc. In verses 22-23 , God condemns homosexuality and bestiality. Together, these sins break down and destroy the family unit that God had so lovingly created and instituted. Notice what God links to these perversions: “And you shall not let any of your seed [children] pass through the fire to Molech, neither shall you profane the name of your God: I am the Lord” ( vs. 21 ). God ties in the perverse sexual practices of ungodly, pagan nations with human sacrifices—parents offering the lives of their children to pagan gods! The Bible shows that Israel not only disobeyed God and wholeheartedly embraced the sexual immorality of the Gentiles, they even went a step further. “And they have turned unto Me the back, and not the face: though I taught them, rising up early and teaching them, yet they have not hearkened to receive instruction. But they set their abominations in the house [the temple at Jerusalem], which is called by My name, to defile it. And they built the high places of Baal, which are in the valley of the son of Hinnom, to cause their sons and their daughters to pass through the fire unto Molech; which I commanded them not, neither came it into My mind, that they should do this abomination, to cause Judah to sin” ( Jer. 32:33-35 ). (To learn more about these child sacrifices to Molech, download from our website our sermon Santa Claus is Molech and our booklets The True Origin of Christmas and The True Origin of Easter .) Imagine. Israel committed a sin so vile, so disgusting, that it even shocked God! But that was then. What about today? Surely, parents do not sacrifice their children to pagan gods today—or do they? Do not be so certain. Perhaps their lives are not being sacrificed—but what about their innocence? Parents today expect their little ones to “fall in love” and have boyfriends and girlfriends. They think it is “cute” when little boys and girls hold hands and act like a couple, sneaking a kiss or two when no one is watching. Some parents get worried when their kids do not show romantic interest in the opposite sex. They constantly ask them, “Do you have a boyfriend yet?” or “Who’s your girlfriend?” Yet these same parents are surprised when their teen-aged “little girl” gets pregnant. Or catches a sexually transmitted disease. Or gets an abortion behind their back. St. Valentine’s Day is just one of many tools the “god of this world” ( II Cor. 4:4 ) uses to get parents to sacrifice the innocence of their children. When little boys and girls draw each other’s names in a lottery and send Valentine cards and gifts to each other, declaring their “love,” they are learning the first stages of intimate relations that the Creator God designed specifically for emotionally mature adults. Instead of embracing the carefree innocence of youth, growing up without the headaches and heartaches of adulthood (finding a job, paying bills, marriage, raising a family, etc.), children today are taught to lust after each other. They are caught up in a daily drama of “If-you-loved-me-you’d-sleep-with-me; I’m-pregnant; It’s-not-mine, she-had-an-abortion.” By the time they reach adulthood, virtually every shred of innocence, sincerity and moral decency has been stripped from them. Emotionally drained, they have world-weary, “been there, done that” attitudes. And their lives are just beginning. This is why we live in a world where a teen-aged virgin is a rare find. Where what used to be called “shacking up” and “living in sin” is now simply “living together.” Where sex is nothing more than meaningless physical recreation—no emotional attachments, no cares, no concerns. Where people change sex partners as conveniently as they change clothes. Where unmarried twenty- or thirty-somethings have had at least five sexual partners—and that is considered a low number, especially in the United States. Where men are not referred to as “my husband,” or “my fiancé,” but as “my second baby’s father.” How pathetic! Satan has deceived the whole world ( Rev. 12:9 ) in multiple ways—especially when it comes to intimate relationships. St. Valentine’s Day is just one of his tools for deception. (To learn more about this great deceiver, read our booklet Who Is the Devil? ) “Come Out of Her, My People” Concerning the near future, when man’s Satan-influenced world is about to collapse, God declares, “Babylon the great is fallen, is fallen, and is become the habitation of devils [demons], and the hold of every foul spirit, and a cage of every unclean and hateful bird. For all nations have drunk of the wine of the wrath of her fornication, and the kings of the earth have committed fornication with her, and the merchants of the earth are waxed [increased] rich through the abundance of her delicacies” ( Rev. 18:2-3 ). Concerning this pagan, satanic system, God commands true Christians,“Come out of her, My people, that you be not partakers of her sins, and that you receive not of her plagues” ( vs. 4 ). St. Valentine’s Day originates from the ancient paganism of this Satan-influenced world. It is designed to deceive mankind by appealing to fleshly, carnal desires—or, as the Bible calls them, the works of the flesh. “Now the works of the flesh are manifest [made obvious], which are these; Adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness, idolatry…drunkenness, revellings, and such like” ( Gal. 5:19-21 ). Do any of these sound like Lupercalia to you? Ultimately, “they which do such things shall not inherit the kingdom of God.” A true Christian is focused on God’s soon-coming kingdom ( Matt. 6:33 ) and the world to come—not on the fleshly cravings of this world. A true Christian must strive to “put off the old man” and actively imitate the perfect, righteous example of Jesus Christ. A Christian knows that he must actively come out of this world, out of its pagan-infested customs, practices and traditions. Christians do not celebrate St. Valentine’s Day! You may wish to read: info	Cupid
What sign of the zodiac would you be if you were born on St. Valentine's Day?	St. Valentine’s Day (2): Occult Heart Symbols St. Valentine’s Day (2): Occult Heart Symbols Continued from St. Valentine’s Day (1): Satanic Origins We have discussed the satanic origins of St. Valentine’s “Occult” Day in Part 1. In Part 2, we will learn what the origins of the heart symbols we see everywhere on and around St. Valentine’s Day. Remember the second Catholic twist I promised to discuss? This is the second twist. Note: In this article, it is unavoidable to use the name, “Jesus,” in order to discuss “Catholic and New Age Jesus.” And, please be aware that, when it is used here in this article, it does not mean to be the Biblical Jesus Christ. It is because, in Catholicism and New Age satanic religions, they have their own “Jesus,” but are not worshiping the Biblical Messiah, our Bridegroom, whom we follow and for whose return we are preparing. It is apparent when you see the images and sculptures of so called “Jesus” in those false religions, they use the figure as an idol. Our Messiah Yeshua must not be idolized. And, incidentally, those “Jesus” images are identical to an ascending master, which is believed to be a demon or a fallen angel the occultists worship. Actually, when you google search the term, “ascending master,” you will also see some images of the Catholic Jesus listed as one of them. So, this “Jesus” in their language is NOT our Jesus Christ, who is the Son of the only true God, our Father. Therefore, please be aware that “Jesus” in this article, in all occasions where it is used, means a false image and a counterfeit of the Messiah. Although Jesus Christ is still biblical and I have no objection to use this name as the name of our Messiah, the name, “Yeshua,” is used to mean the true Messiah, so that we can avoid any confusion. Thank you for your attention to this matter, and let us begin the discussion now. [break] Catholic Twist No. 2 We learned in Part 1 that St. Valentine’s Day was originated as a pre-Roman pagan holiday called, Lupercalia, and it involved extremely depraved rituals and customs that were very sexual and brutal. Basically, it was a fertility god that they were worshiping, and the deity was traced to none other than Baphomet, a symbol of satanism that we are very familiar with, which is hermaphroditic symbol of Satan, and symbolizes the sexual union of male and female. And, the Catholic Twist No. 1, mentioned in the first part, was that a Pope reformed this pagan holiday in the fifth century, cleaned it up, and packaged with a romantic story and the name St. Valentine, who was believed to have been, or made up to be, a martyr during the reign of Claudius II , a third century Roman emperor. The details are, of course, in Part 1. The Heart Symbols Now, we will examine the origins of these overwhelmingly familiar looking, red, plump, and often arrow-pierced hearts. Cutting to the chase, they are unequivocally Roman Catholic origin. But, make no mistake … They have nothing to do with the true Christianity or the Bible, but they are purely satanic. No doubt. Origins of the Heart Symbols These apparently harmless and supposedly “sweet” and “romantic” heart symbols seem to have been directly derived from “The Sacred Heart,” or often called, “The Sacred Heart of Jesus.” This unique looking heart, typically with cross protruding from the top in a flame, has been an idol in the Catholic traditions and part of the Catholic symbolism for a long time. Also, it has become one of the popular New Age idols, and clearly, they connect the Sacred heart to St, Valentine’s Day . Furthermore, as an additional trivial piece of information, the Sacred Heart seems to be one of the favorite tattoo art designs. I did not know that until I had begun researching this subject. Many of them, however, are very eery and satanic looking … therefore, the link is not provided. Let me show you first what kind of a “heart” we will be discussing in this article. I have to warn you that all the examples are not very pleasant to look at for those who do not worship them, but it is important to know the originals. And later, you will see how these are almost “directly” related to the heart symbols we see and even use in our lives today. Here is a typical depiction of the Sacred Heart: A typical Sacred Heat is surrounded by the crown of thorn, bloody red, with a bleeding wound, cross on top in the Kabbalah eternal flame. Very Masonic. And, it is also commonly placed in the chest of a New Age version of Jesus: “Jesus” with the Sacred Heart in his chest, and pausing with a Satanic hand sign. But, first, let us learn the Catholic background that explains how it became a part of Catholic symbolism and idols. Apparitions of Jesus There is some evidence that it had been part of the Catholicism before, but the official devotion to it seemed to have begun with an incident where an apparition of “Jesus” appearing to a nun on three occasions, giving her instructions as to how the followers should practice the devotion to His Sacred Heart. It was sort of a boost to the tradition that was fading out. The nun was later canonized and now called Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque. The Catholics have many legends where someone encounters a mysterious divine figure who tells them prophecies and what to do. “ Our Lady of Fatima ,” where a Virgin Mary like figure in a flying bright light appearing to three children in Fatima, Portugal in 1917, and giving them an end-time prophecy, is one of the most famous stories. It seems that they do not have any problem with some apparitions telling them to do things that are not biblical, and suggests that the idea of “God” to them is something mysterious and ghost like existence. The “God” of their imagination has some occult and dramatic ways to communicate to them, such as in apparitions, often in forms of the Virgin Mary, “Jesus,” angels, and dead saints, etc. They are probably demons and fallen angels in disguise. The Sacred Heart story is not an exception. And, this incident reportedly occurred in a series of three appearances of the ghostly Jesus: December 1673, June or July 1674, and June 1675. Here is a paragraph from Wiki. Visions of Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque The most significant source for the devotion to the Sacred Heart in the form it is known today was Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque (1647–1690), a nun from the Order of the Visitation of Holy Mary, who claimed to have received apparitions of Jesus Christ, the first on 27 December 1673, and the final one 18 months later, revealing the form of the devotion, the chief features being reception of Holy Communion on the first Friday of each month, Eucharistic adoration during a “Holy hour” on Thursdays, and the celebration of the Feast of the Sacred Heart. She said that in her vision she was instructed to spend an hour every Thursday night to meditate on Jesus’ Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane. The actual practice of the devotion is said to have begun 75 years after her death in 1690. Many inspirational paintings of the incident can be found on the Internet, and they all have the typical Sacred Heart blazing on the New Age Jesus’ chest. The following is a typical image you find on the Internet. The apparition of Jesus appearing upon Sister Margaret Mary Alacoque with his Sacred Heart shining in his chest. Catholic Teaching The tradition seemed to have had become unpopular after a while, but it was revived after 1950s with a help by a Pope. We will learn about it in a minute, but let us see what the official Catholic teaching says about the Sacred Heart devotion. According to the rationalization by the Catholic Church, this “heart of Jesus” idolization and worship were based on the following passage of the Crucifixion. John 19:32-37 NKJV (32) Then the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first and of the other who was crucified with Him. (33) But when they came to Jesus and saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs. (34) But one of the soldiers pierced His side* with a spear, and immediately blood and water came out. (35) And he who has seen has testified, and his testimony is true; and he knows that he is telling the truth, so that you may believe. (36) For these things were done that the Scripture should be fulfilled, “Not one of His bones shall be broken.” (37) And again another Scripture says, “They shall look on Him whom they pierced.“ But, wait …. where does it say His “heart” was pierced? Translations such as KJV, NASB, NLT, NIV, all say “side,” as this NKJV says, and not heart. I have also heard more than a few times where TV preachers were teaching that His heart was pierced. It has been “assumed” that it was His heart that was pierced. Also, it seems that the deceivers want us to believe that it was so as evidenced by many writings, videos, and pseudo-scientific programs produced by false ministries and kabbalist owned TV productions, and such, that advocate this idea. If you poll professed christians, the percentage of those who believe that it was Yeshua’s “heart” that was pierced and, from His heart, the blood and water came out would be extremely high … I strongly suspect. Allow me to digress for a moment … The Bible does not need to be, and should not be, scientifically explained. That is what “the world” does, and they never understand the truth of the message of our Father. It is not given to them that which they need to understand the Word of God. Matthew 13:10-11 (10) And the disciples came and said to Him, “Why do You speak to them in parables?” (11) He answered and said to them, “Because it has been given to you to know the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, but to them it has not been given. So, those who have truly received the Spirit of our Father do not and must not read the Bible the way the world does. This means that you do not analyze what it was that was pierced and from where the blood came out of, unless those things are clearly written in the Bible, because these things are not relevant to the hidden truth of the message of our Father. In other words … they will lead you nowhere but get you go around and around speculating things endlessly with no fruit. That is a very effective way of keeping you blind like they are, is it not? In one of the Olivet Journal series, “ Parables Decoded ,” I have been trying to convey this truth that the Bible is written in Parables for the most part, and attempting to decipher accounts and event by the “worldly knowledge,” such as the science and technology, is an absolutely futile and foolish work of the flesh (1Co 1:27). Not only you will fail to understand the true meaning of the Bible, but also you will be readily deceived by the world, which means, by the Babylonian system of the deception. A much more profitable, meaningful, and true way of reading the Bible is shown in the series. By believing that Yeshua was pierced in His heart, literally, without examining the scripture for yourself, you have taken the first step into the path of deception, the “wide gate” and the “broad way” that too many will walk into (Mat 7:13). As it is clearly explained in the article “ Parable of Adam and Eve ,” this event was prophesied in the account of Adam and Eve and is prophetically connected by the word, “side.” Genesis 2:21-22 (21) And the LORD God caused a deep sleep to fall on Adam, and he slept; and He took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh in its place. (22) Then the rib which the LORD God had taken from man He made into a woman, and He brought her to the man. These two words, “side” and “ribs,” are the same in Hebrew, צֵלָע < H6763 >, “tselah,” and also functions as a key word to connect prophecies. This key word connects many more hidden prophecies of this event described in John 19:34, such as the Noah’s flood account where this “side” is used to describe where the door to the ark was (Gen 6:16). It represents the way of salvation, to give you a hint. It is not about His “heart” being pierced. In any case, please take time to read the Adam and Eve article for a better understanding of this topic, because it is a bit off the main theme of this article. Getting back to the main theme … A probably intentional, or an ignorantly unintentional, mis-interpretation of the crucifixion passage, John 19:32-37, is used to explain the Catholic worship of the Sacred Heart. In Catechism of the Catholic Church, teaching on the Sacred Heart states as the following. Jesus knew and loved us each and all during his life, his agony and his Passion, and gave himself up for each one of us: “The Son of God. . . loved me and gave himself for me.” He has loved us all with a human heart. For this reason, the Sacred Heart of Jesus, pierced by our sins and for our salvation, “is quite rightly considered the chief sign and symbol of that. . . love with which the divine Redeemer continually loves the eternal Father and all human beings” without exception. ( Pt 1, § 2, Ch 2, Art 3, Par 1, No. 478 ) First of all, this is an outright and shameless teaching of idolatry … Period. Yeshua commanded us to love one another in addition to loving our Father and Himself as He loved us, and that is the way to show love and to show that we are His disciples (Jn 13 -15). In the Gospel of John, “love” is mentioned 20 times, but none of them commanded us to make a symbol of His heart and worship it, or make it a tattoo. There is no such mentioning of a heart nowhere in the rest of the Bible either. Pope Pius XII (Papacy from March 2, 1939 to his death October 9, 1958) This teaching was probably from the encyclical of Pope Pius XII, Haurietis Aquas (1956), meaning, “you will draw of waters” based on Isaiah 12:3. This encyclical was subtitled, “On Devotion to the Sacred Heart.” Pope Pius XII was not the original teacher of the Sacred Heart. But what we can discern from this letter is that he was trying to revive the devotion to the Sacred Heart in the Catholic Church. Excerpts from Haurietis Aquas ( pdf. ): [Par 6] Holy Writ declares that between divine charity, which must burn in the souls of Christians, and the Holy Spirit, Who is certainly Love Itself, there exists the closest bond, which clearly shows all of us, venerable brethren, the intimate nature of that worship which must be paid to the Most Sacred Heart of Jesus Christ. If we consider its special nature it is beyond question that this devotion is an act of religion of high order; it demands of us a complete and unreserved determination to devote and consecrate ourselves to the love of the divine Redeemer, Whose wounded Heart is its living token and symbol. It is equally clear, but at a higher level, that this same devotion provides us with a most powerful means of repaying the divine Lord by our own. [Par 10] For even though the devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus has triumphed so to speak, over the errors and the neglect of men, and has penetrated entirely His Mystical Body; still there are some of Our children who, led astray by prejudices, sometimes go so far as to consider this devotion ill-adapted, not to say detrimental, to the more pressing spiritual needs of the Church and humanity in this present age. There are some who, confusing and confounding the primary nature of this devotion with various individual forms of piety which the Church approves and encourages but does not command, regard this as a kind of additional practice which each one may take up or not according to his own inclination. [Par 41] Hence, since there can be no doubt that Jesus Christ received a true body and had all the affections proper to the same, among which love surpassed all the rest, it is likewise beyond doubt that He was endowed with a physical heart like ours; for without this noblest part of the body the ordinary emotions of human life are impossible. Therefore the Heart of Jesus Christ, hypostatically united to the divine Person of the Word, certainly beat with love and with the other emotions- but these, joined to a human will full of divine charity and to the infinite love itself which the Son shares with the Father and the Holy Spirit, were in such complete unity and agreement that never among these three loves was there any contradiction of or disharmony. [Par 56] It is, besides, the symbol of that burning love which, infused into His soul, enriches the human will of Christ and enlightens and governs its acts by the most perfect knowledge derived both from the beatific vision and that which is directly infused. [Par 75] The Sacred Heart of Jesus shares in a most intimate way in the life of the Incarnate Word, and has been thus assumed as a kind of instrument of the Divinity. It is therefore beyond all doubt that, in the carrying out of works of grace and divine omnipotence, His Heart, no less than the other members of His human nature is also a legitimate symbol of that unbounded love. [Par 78] What is here written of the side of Christ, opened by the wound from the soldier, should also be said of the Heart which was certainly reached by the stab of the lance, since the soldier pierced it precisely to make certain that Jesus Christ crucified was really dead. Hence the wound of the most Sacred Heart of Jesus, now that He has completed His mortal life, remains through the course of the ages a striking image of that spontaneous charity by which God gave His only begotten Son for the redemption of men and by which Christ expressed such passionate love for us that He offered Himself as a bleeding victim on Calvary for our sake: “Christ loved us and delivered Himself for us, an oblation and a sacrifice to God for an odor of sweetness.” [Par 85] Nothing therefore prevents our adoring the Sacred Heart of Jesus Christ as having a part in and being the natural and expressive symbol of the abiding love with which the divine Redeemer is still on fire for mankind. Though it is no longer subject to the varying emotions of this mortal life, yet it lives and beats and is united inseparably with the Person of the divine Word and, in Him and through Him, with the divine Will. Since then the Heart of Christ is overflowing with love both human and divine and rich with the treasure of all graces which our Redeemer acquired by His life, sufferings and death, it is therefore the enduring source of that charity which His Spirit pours forth on all the members of His Mystical Body. (Out of 127 paragraphs; Bold letters by Olivet Journal) What we can learn from this excerpts of the letter written by Pope Pius XII is that: Symbolizing and idolizing “the Sacred Heart of Jesus” had been part of the Catholic liturgical traditions before the time of Pope Pius XII (Letter was published in May 1956). The Sacred Heart is directly connected to their concept of “love” of Jesus (their Jesus), but there is no connection to the biblical love substantiated by the scriptures. The tradition is not based on any scripture either, and the one biblical reference mentioned, John 19:34, to legitimize the tradition, is misinterpreted [Par 78]. The “body of Jesus,” the church, is considered to be “mystical” and His heart is the essence and the core of the Body of Christ, and again, completely non-biblical. There may be more, but they are all similar points the Pope is attempting to convey. These points are the most relevant issues to our theme here. And, here is the definition of the word, “mysticism,” by Merriam-Webster Dictionary : 1. the experience of mystical union or direct communion with ultimate reality reported by mystics 2. the belief that direct knowledge of God, spiritual truth, or ultimate reality can be attained through subjective experience (as intuition or insight) 3a : vague speculation : a belief without sound basis 3b : a theory postulating the possibility of direct and intuitive acquisition of ineffable knowledge or power Basically, it is occult and magical in nature. Therefore, in the Roman Catholicism, they believe in the following magical equation: Jesus’ Heart of the Flesh = Love … clearly not the biblical love of God. And, “Heart = Love” has become a vague but accepted equation, and has become the “norm” in the worldly tradition and custom. You can see that by how popular the heart symbols are in our society. We replace the word, “love,” with a heat symbol, do we not? On Facebook, Instant Messaging, e-mail, and practically everywhere. One slogan that has absolutely coined this “Heart = Love” is “I ‘love’ NY” in my opinion. Well … it is not that hard to make a trend and culture when you own everything from TV networks, publishers, all the major and minor corporations, and control all the influential people, such as celebrities, professional athletes, politicians, and preachers and the church — Practically and literally: Everything. And, I am sure I failed to mention many other things they own and control. I am talking about the kabbalists, the Illuminati, and the Harlot Babylon that deceives the whole world under the leadership of Satan, their father (Rev 12:9). The Sacred Heart of Mary So .. we have learned about the Sacred Heart of Jesus. But, before we look at the comparison images I have prepared to show you the similarities between the Sacred Hearts and the popular heat symbols, one more thing we need to learn, and that is The Immaculate Heart of Mary . Yes, of course, the Lady has her own heart to be worshiped. The heart of Jesus usually has the crown of thorns around and with a cross sticking out from the top, and perhaps, the cross is surrounded by the blaze that reminds us of the Kabbalah Eternal Flame . But, Mary’s heart is decorated slightly differently. It usually has a crown of roses around it and pierced with a sword or multiple swords. A typical “Immaculate Heart of Mary” with a rose crown, and instead of a cross, a sword is piercing the heart. A comparison photo will be shown later, but I would like you to look at a typical Masonic Cross and Crown symbol here, because, it is absolutely identical symbolism, suggesting the Freemason influence on this heart of Mary symbol, and/or the same origin they have. A Masonic Cross and Crown logo. The Latin slogan, “IN HOC SGNO VONCES,” means “In this sign you will conquer.” This graphic looking image of the heart of Mary is based on the following scripture. Luke 2:34-35 (34) Then Simeon blessed them, and said to Mary His mother, “Behold, this Child is destined for the fall and rising of many in Israel, and for a sign which will be spoken against (35) “(yes, a sword will pierce through your own soul also), that the thoughts of many hearts may be revealed.” Again … this reference form NKJV, or KJV, NASB, NLT, NIV does not say “heart” but says “soul” will be pierced. Is the heart of the flesh our soul? … not biblically. What is it about the way the Catholics connect spiritual things to the flesh … ? I do not really understand, but they really do need to have a thing of the flesh, or an object, that represents spiritual things. Their concept of the Communion, the Sacrament of the Eucharist, is also very graphic, called, “ Transsubstantiation .” They believe that the bread and wine used in the liturgy is somehow the actual body and the blood of Christ. This teaching is also very mystical. And, the Catholic Church has gone over board with a literal mis-interpretation of the scripture, it appears … We often find the “Immaculate Heart of Mary” pierced with multiple swords. Have you heard of “ Our Lady of Sorrows ” with seven swords …? Poor lady … There are many copies of this image on the Internet, but I could not find where this statue was the located. The information will be updated once it is confirmed. Oh, my … I was speechless when I first saw this image. It even looks grotesque to me. The month of September is dedicated to this Our Lady of Seven Sorrows as a Catholic tradition. Virgin Mary is also called the “ Queen of Heaven ,” reflecting their high regards to this goddess figure. After all, Mary is none other than the goddess the Babylonian religions and Kabbalah worship: Semiramis, Isis, Ashtaroth, Shakinah, Columbia, and so on. It is a Kabbalah way of worshiping multiple gods as well. (Judaism and Kabbalah (2): What is Kabbalah?) The Sacred Hearts = Heart Symbols It is time to see the comparisons. And, first, please look at this vintage card from 1909 for St. Valentine’s Day. A vintage St. Valentine’s Day card. This is a scan of a card dated 1909 from Wiki ( Source ) This heart is clearly The Sacred Heart, but it is taking a form of the modern heart symbol for the same holiday. This could be sort of a transitional form. Furthermore, the imagery depiction of the “Feast of The Sacred Heart,” which is held according to their liturgical calendar on the day which occurs 19 days after the Pentecost. The feast began in 1670 according to Wiki , but there is a conflicting information there. The nun, Margaret Mary Alacoque, reportedly received the instructions from the apparitions of Jesus in 1673 – 1675 (discussed earlier). And, it was reported that the devotions to the Sacred Heart did not start until after she passed in 1690. So, well, this information on the feast is either mistaken or the feast was indeed actually occurring, and just they might have needed a boost by Jesus appearing in a ghostly form … not clear. Nonetheless, do you see many St. Valentine’s Day motifs in the following image like I do? The Feast of the Sacred Heat ( Source ) Cupids like baby demonic angels, with wings forming the Egyptian sun god symbol , and forming a heart shape as a group, and, Saint Ignatius of Loyola (left) and Saint Louis Gonzaga (right) forming the god position with hands and arms admiring the Sacred Heart. There are undeniable implications of its relation to St. Valentine’s Day. Noticed the graphic and realistic heart it is? Saint Ignatius of Loyola* is the very person, a Jesuit priest, who first formed the Alumbrados (“the illuminated”) in the 16th century, which was an extremely mystical spiritual movement that is strongly suspected of the relation to the Illuminati, Freemasonry, and Kabbalah. Because of the appearance of Ignatius of Loyola, who lived in the 16th century (1491 – 1556), we can now assume that the Sacred Heart was being admired back in those days. So, the incident of the apparition of Jesus in the 17th century was indeed a boost for a revival, we could say. Nonetheless, we find a clear relation to Kabbalah and Freemasonry, and the Illuminati, at every corner we turn in this research on the Sacred Heart. Moving on … Here, we will see how closely and directly related these Sacred Hearts are to the popular heart symbols, and especially, the St. Valentine’s Day related heart symbols. Comparison images are powerful, and once you recognize the similarities and the same patterns, you cannot deny it: They are the same. The Valentine hearts will be in the center, in between two examples. First, the typical Valentine heart: Then, let us compare this typical one and the Sacred Heart: Next, a heart pierced by an arrow. This is from the Immaculate Heart of Mary: The next one is with two hearts pierced together, and it seems to mean they are the hearts of Jesus and Mary. And, they are portrayed as “equal.” And, lastly, did you noticed that the Sacred Heart of Jesus is Masonic? … It surely is. It is the same pattern as the Cross and Crown Masonic cross symbols. More comments will be provided below, but, please also examine some more examples of Masonic Crosses I have collected on Pinterest. In the following collage, Top Center is the typical Sacred Heart. And … Top Left: Witchcraft/New Age Sacred Heart symbol. It still has the cross and the crown of thorns themes in it. Top Right: I included this because the over all shape is very similar, position of the crown seems correspondent with the flame on top of the Sacred Heart, and the little cross of the Masonic cross is exactly like the little cross on top of the Sacred Heart. Bottom Left: This is a typical Cross and Crown masonic symbol. Cross is a symbol of phallus, and the crown, the female counterpart. A typical kabbalistic male-female union. If you pay attention, you see these symbol as a logo of many churches, and as you can find on the Pinterest board, the logo of Jehovah’s Witness contains this symbol as well (see upper left side of the poster). Bottom Right: A version of Cross and Crown with the crown of thorns, which we see often during the Easter season in many Masonic churches. Bottom Center: This is a crop from a drawing depicting a human sacrifice performed by the Aztec/Mayan priests. Typically, the victim is restrained by assistants in an arch form, and the priest will cut open the chest and take out the still moving heart. The shape of the heart is eerily identical to the Sacred Heart. Here is the enlarged Aztec/Mayan drawing: There are many of these images of the “heart” offering to the gods of the Aztec/Mayan people. This fact makes me wonder if they are mocking Yeshua’s sacrifice this way with the Sacred Heart … ? Satan counterfeits and mocks things of our Father, and His Son. These “heart” offerings of the ancient cultures is definitely somehow related to the Sacred Heart, and were offered to the sun god or the serpent god. When I saw the following image where counterfeit Jesus’ hands holding the Sacred Hearts, offering … I could not help but remembering the heart offerings at Aztec/Mayan temples. These grotesque heart images are indeed unpleasant to look at. The Cupid Finally, the last character of the St. Valentine’s Day … Cupid . Cupid in Latin means “desire,” which is an erotic love. This is another residual element from the Roman culture. It’s greek name is actually “Eros,” a son of Venus (Aphrodite, Diana, Semiramis, Isis, Ashtaroth, Shakinah, Columbia, et al. … a parade of the names of the Kabbalah goddess), a very sexual goddess. The person who has been struck by a golden arrow of the Cupid will be filled with uncontrollable desire for sex. If you think the cupids are cute, think twice. They are symbols of lust. This was truly a powerful final touch on this topic. Conclusion You saw them. The heart symbols of St. Valentines Day are the simplified and embellished Sacred Heart of Jesus and the Immaculate Heart of Mary. I have no doubt … do you? Therefore, the heart symbols are occult symbols; they are esoteric Sacred Hearts, which has mystical meanings, such as, the flesh heart symbolizes non-biblical “love,” which is more like the “eros” love, not the “agape” love. It makes a perfect sense as it is also a Masonic and kabbalistic symbol, which is basically sexual. In my opinion, it indeed is an abominable thought that the love of God could dwell in the flesh of the heart itself anyway. “God is spirit … “ (Jn 4:24), and His Spirit lives in your spirit. And, on top of that, it is bloody red, dripping with blood, pierced with thorns and swords … ? The Catholic concept of the sacrifice of our Messiah Yeshua is fixated in its fleshly, or rather brutal, aspects. Excuse me … but Yeshua is alive and now sits at the right hand of our Father in heaven (Ps 110:1; Lk 22:69; 24:51; Jn 6:62; 20:17; Eph 1:20; et al.), having been risen from the dead. Worshiping a dead figure on the cross, as in the Catholic crucifix, is satanic. He is coming back! Very soon … and He is not on the cross any more! It is nothing but a mocking of His glorious work to keep Him on the cross to worship a bloody heart of flesh. The Sacred Heart alone shows how satanic Catholic traditions are. It does not matter how cute and sweet they make the St. Valentine’s Day symbols and idols out to be, they all look demonic and occult to me. How do they look to you? The “love” they talk about is incoherent to me also. It is a mystical love in the Catholic teaching, not of God, as it is not the biblical love of God. Then, what is mystical love? Well … according to my research, as I have presented in Part 1 and 2, the love they are talking about is none other than “erotic love.” And, as we learned in Part 1, this “love” seems to be more like “lust,” “fornication,” and “fertility,” and I might add, a satanic lust. It is clear. Those fleshly lusts and depravities are what they celebrated in the pagan origin of the festival of February, Lupercalia, worshiping Baphomet. Let me retranslate some terms. When they say “love” … it means “lust” and “perverted sex.” When they say “romance” … it means “eros.” When they celebrate St. Valentines Day … they celebrate “Satanic lust.” The worldly traditions are almost all satanic. At least, all of what I have researched have turned out to be satanic. And they do not have anything to do with the Bible. And, what they do is wrapping up and dressing up the evil with appearance of sweetness and lovingness, and sell it to you with song, dance, and pretty faces. They do this over and over to sell you lies. Be not deceived. And, the Bible is clear … Going along with the worldly traditions is conforming to this world, and we are told not to do it (Rom 12:2). Now, you have read the both parts of this series, you know the true reasons for this tradition, St. Valentine’s Day, and it’s symbolism … So, how do you respond? [break]	i don't know
When Marilyn Monroe died, who asked for a fresh rose to be placed on her grave, every week, forever?	Joe DiMaggio and Marilyn Monroe - His Love Shown in Flowers Joe DiMaggio and Marilyn Monroe - His Love Shown in Flowers Tweet Joe DiMaggio and Marilyn Monroe remain one of the most famous couples in history. Eventhough their marriage lasted only nine months, DiMaggio and Monroe's relationship is legend. Joe's affection for Marilyn was always visible in many gestures. Seven years after their marriage, we can see evidence of his affection by this New York florist's receipt for two dozen roses. Forty years later this same order would be $200. I did try and see if Goldfarb Flowers of New York was still in business, but had no luck. DiMaggio who was known to be serious, private and reserved rarely let others know his many acts of kindness for Marilyn. Upon her tragic death, DiMaggio even tended to all the details of her funeral. At her funeral, Joe's affection was again shown with flowers, below is a picture of a funeral heart of roses for Marilyn. One often hears that flowers say what words cannot. Joe DiMaggio was a man of few words, but his fans can see that he expressed himself with flowers. After Marilyn's death, Joe also arranged for flowers to be put at her grave every week for more than twenty years. DiMaggio realized the importance of beautifying her grave with fresh flowers and the importance that flowers have in our lives. August 4th, 2012 marks the 50th anniversary of Marilyn Monroe's death. Marilyn Monroe remains a cultural icon and her fans continue to show their affection with fresh flowers at her grave. Fresh flowers at the cemetery remain the best way for us to keep in touch with our loved ones.	Joe DiMaggio
In the St. Valentine's Day Massacre, what were the hitmen dressed as?	Marilyn Monroe and Joe DiMaggio Honeymoon in Japan As featured in the new book The Marilyn Monroe Treasures ! On May 19 & 20, 2006 a very special auction took place. When Joe DiMaggio died in 1999 he left behind an extraordinary assortment of personal belongings. His estate was willed to his 2 adoptive granddaughters (Joe's only son Joe Jr. died 5 month's after his father). After careful consideration, the granddaughters finally decided to sell this collection at auction. They did keep some personal mementos for them to pass on to their families but the vast majority was made available to the highest bidder. The Hunt Auctions catalogue was filled with so many wonderful baseball related items....but of course my interest focused on the lots that related to his one-time wife, Marilyn Monroe. You can literally feel Joe's love for Marilyn when you browse through the assortment of items he kept all of these years. I really loved looking through this catalogue. Of course, like the Christies auction of Marilyn's belongings, some items you knew were going to go through the roof....for example Marilyn's passport ($100,000) and a note Joe kept in his wallet from Marilyn ($31,000). I looked through the catalogue several times and only 1 item jumped out at me.....LOT 421. Here is the description and photo from the catalogue: Marilyn Monroe and Joe DiMaggio airline tickets and related documents c.1954. The tickets were issued for January 29, 1954 just 15 days after the couple were married in San Francisco. Includes tickets, passenger coupons, passenger clearance form, (2) ticket jackets, and (2) New York Yankees envelopes with "Papers Japan" written on one and "Joe DiMaggio" typed on the other. Marilyn's tickets are listed under "Mrs. Marilyn DiMaggio". The lot also includes an original black and white photograph of Marilyn and Joe departing from the airplane for which these tickets were issued. The trip would serve as their honeymoon and also as a sign that the marriage would have its share of difficulties given the enormous popularity of the two stars. During the trip to Japan Marilyn was asked to visit the U.S. Troops stationed in Korea. Joe reluctantly agreed and she left for Korea only to fuel Joe's concern for her. The offered documents are certainly some of the first printed with Marilyn's new married name of DiMaggio. I later discovered that the passenger clearance form for Joe DiMaggio, one ticket jacket issued only for J.P. DiMaggio and one of the NY Yankee envelopes was from his very first trip to Japan in 1951. I decided to let these pieces go to another collector. I decided that opportunities like this don't come around very often...here was an authentic item related to the Korea trip AND it was kept all of these years by Joe DiMaggio himself!! So I faxed in an absentee bid for this one lot. I thought it was strange that this item was included in the Friday evening session and not with the rest of the Marilyn items the next day. I secretly hoped that it was meant to be since May 19 (the night of the auction) happened to be my birthday! Well, I ended up with the best birthday surprise ever because I won this lot!!! In order to save some money on customs charges and brokerage fees I had the lot shipped to Kim Smith in Las Vegas. I traveled to Vegas the last week of May and, thanks to Kim, was able to bring everything home in my luggage! Here is a photo of me in Vegas opening the package for the first time!!! In 2008, I finally got these amazing documents framed. I had a very specific idea of how I wanted it to look and the framer did a beautiful job of delivering it. I ordered a plaque for it off ebay and then matched the frame to it. The frame has a great antique look to it and the matting looks like black leather. The photo does not do it justice :) It looks great displayed next to my Korea doll. Here are some scans to enjoy of everything before I had it framed. Here is the vintage photo that came with the lot it is 8X10 and shows Marilyn and Joe departing the flight the tickets were issued for. The back of the photo is stamped and numbered. New York Yankees envelope with "Papers" and "Japan" hand written by Joe DiMaggio himself. I studied other items in the catalogue like the note above and you can see that it is the same. Airplane ticket jacket with typewritten "Mr & Mrs. Joe DiMaggio". She was arguably the most famous movie actress of the 20th century. He was the ultimate hero of baseball fans around the world. Their marriage was a white hot amalgam of two of Americaï¿½s most incandescent icons, one at the end of his prolific career and the other at the brink of super stardom. The wedding of Joe DiMaggio and Marilyn Monroe occurred at a crossroads for both of them and for the world. It was a time when American culture was beginning itï¿½s long march to global saturation, and nowhere was this pervasive influence felt more acutely than in post-war Japan. The year was 1954. Akira Kurosawaï¿½s ï¿½The Seven Samuraiï¿½ was captivating movie audiences as was the original Godzilla film. The Americans were involved in the Korean War, and GIï¿½s roamed Roppongi nightclubs and hostess bars with wild abandon. Joe and Marilyn had wed on January 14th of that year. The ceremony was supposed to be a secret, but word was released through 20th Century Fox Studios, to which Marilyn was contracted, an hour before it began. Joe was a quiet man of few words that bore his fame with humble dignity. By marrying the ultimate sex symbol, an intelligent woman who courted the limelight with verve and tenacity, he was making a Faustian bargain. All Joe wanted was a woman to come home to. What he got was something very different indeed. When word about the ceremony spread, it created a firestorm of publicity. The couple were mobbed by a crowd of 500 onlookers and reporters as they sped away in Joeï¿½s dark blue Cadillac to a $6.50 motel room at the Clifton Motel in Paso Robles, California. Their plan to escape incognito worked ï¿½ even the motel owner didnï¿½t recognize them. The next two weeks were spent at a mountain hideaway outside of Idyllwild, near Palm Springs, before leaving for their honeymoon ï¿½ a baseball promotion tour of Japan. The history of baseball in Japan is intimately tied to a group of some of the gameï¿½s most famous players ï¿½ Joe among them. Throughout the early 1900ï¿½s the American game, which the Japanese called yakyu (field ball), had slowly gained in popularity over the nationï¿½s traditional sport, sumo. Baseball greats Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig, Jimmy Fox, Al Simmons and many others had participated in All-Star tours to Japan before World War II. The war disrupted baseball in Japan, and the league succumbed completely in 1945. But after the war, the occupation forces attempted to re-ignite passion for the game. The Giantï¿½s Korakuen Stadium, used as an ammunitions dump and a farm during the war, was cleared under the direct orders of General Douglas MacArthur. One of the players most actively involved in promoting the game here was ï¿½Leftyï¿½ Oï¿½Doul, Joeï¿½s best man and the manager of the San Francisco Seals ï¿½ DiMaggioï¿½s first baseball team. Oï¿½Doul, who is often called the ï¿½Father of Modern Japanese Baseball,ï¿½ was a veteran of the pre-war tours and is credited with giving the Tokyo Giantï¿½s their name. When the All-Star tours resumed in 1949, Oï¿½Doulï¿½s team returned to play 16 undefeated games against the Japanese. And it was with Oï¿½Doul that Joe came to Japan for the first time in 1951, closing out his career with a series of games that drew crowds of over 50,000 Japanese fans and enormous adulation. Three years later, while Joe was still as famous as he had ever been, his honeymoon with Marilyn in Japan would put his celebrity into new perspective. After their hastily arranged wedding, Oï¿½Doul recommended that the couple spend their honeymoon in Japan. Joe and he were scheduled to promote American-style training for the Japanese leagues under the sponsorship of Yomiuri newspaper owner Matsutaro Shoriki. Ever since their nuptials, Marilyn and Joe had faced huge crowds and unrelenting media attention. While their marriage was front page news across the US, Oï¿½Doul reasoned that in a foreign country they could find relief and wander around without drawing much attention. He could never have been more wrong. Marilyn had started her national movie career in 1947 playing a waitress in the movie ï¿½Dangerous Yearsï¿½. But her real ticket to stardom came with a role in the 1950 movie, ï¿½All About Eve,ï¿½ starring alongside such Hollywood legends as Bette Davis and Anne Baxter. Marilynï¿½s career was suddenly on the fast track and by 1953 she had three huge hits in ï¿½Niagara,ï¿½ ï¿½Gentlemen Prefer Blondes,ï¿½ and ï¿½How to Marry a Millionaireï¿½. But it was her part in Niagara that had blasted her into the Hollywood firmament, establishing her as one of the movie industryï¿½s biggest draws. Her sultry sexuality was shocking to some, seductive to others, but she was anything but an unknown to Japanese audiences. Marilyn had been to Canada and Mexico, but his was to be Marilynï¿½s first trip overseas. Neither she nor Joe could gauge the reaction awaiting them. The first inkling of what lay in store surfaced on a stopover in Hawaii. Along with Oï¿½Doul ad his wife Jean, the foursome boarded Pan Am Flight 831 from San Francisco Airport and landed nine-and-a-half hours later in Honolulu. Stepping out of the aircraft doorway, they were initially greeted by Hula dancers, airline officials and a Honolulu police escort. Marilyn came down the walkway first, stopping halfway to toss the hair out of her eyes and flash her trademark smile. She looked a little sleepy. Joe behind her looked a little grim. Soon a rapidly growing crowd of people began to swarm around them, and more were coming over from other planes to see them. In a state of near hysteria the crowd began pressing closer and closer around the couple, some even began reaching out to touch and even pull Marilynï¿½s hair. Police and local officials agreed they had never seen anything like it. Finally a police wedge assisted them out to a convertible driven by Joeï¿½s old friend Louis Benjamin, a local bar owner during Joeï¿½s WW II days Hickman Field. They sped away with police escort to the legendary Royal Hawaiian Hotel where Marilyn and Joe were given special honeymoon accommodations. When the press asked about the coupleï¿½s Hawaii plans. Oï¿½Doul replied, ï¿½Theyï¿½re going to spend their time staying away from the mob, you know ï¿½ lovebirds on honeymoon.ï¿½ As was soon to become readily apparent, the trip they had embarked upon would be spent trying to stay one step ahead of ï¿½the mob,ï¿½ and seldom far away from it. After what must have been a romantic night at the famous ï¿½Pink Palace,ï¿½ the couple boarded a 2:00am flight to Tokyo which lasted about 10 hours. It was during this part of the flight that General Christenberry apparently approached Marilyn and asked the film star about visiting the troops in South Korea. A formal invitation would come later from General John E. Hull of the militaryï¿½s Far East Command. Their arrival in Tokyo on February 1st was bedlam. Some 3,000 people met them at the airport. During the wait for the plane, photographers had broken through police lines, mobbing Japanese schoolgirls and some Japanese actresses, crushing flowers they had intended to hand to the movie star. Because of the huge crowd, Marilyn and Joe had to be smuggled through the cargo hatch of the Pan Am clipper to a waiting car, losing the Oï¿½Doulï¿½s in the shuffle. After reaching the car, the frenzied mass of people began throwing themselves on top of it. A phalanx of Japanese police Jeeps led them to the Imperial Hotel. Winding through Tokyo streets crowded with onlookers took six hours and when they finally arrived at the hotel, they found it was also mobbed. Opened in 1923, the day of the Great Kanto Earthquake, the Imperial Hotel was host to a sparkling array of celebrities, politicians and ambassadors. Located across from the turreted Imperial Palace, and considered by many to be one of the worldï¿½s great buildings, it had been designed by famed architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Wright had been inspired by the Mayan ruins at Chichen Itza in the Yucatan, and the result was a dizzying collage of stone and space employing the most extravagant features of Mayan and Art Deco architecture. Arriving at the Imperial in those days, guests would pull up under the cedar-framed porte cochere before being escorted into the amazing building, festooned with hand-painted peacock designs and shimmering with gold leaf. Monroe would be captivated by Wright for the rest of her life, eventually calling upon him to draw plans for a house she hoped to build with future husband Arthur Miller. Once Marilyn and Joe made it inside, crowds tried to smash down the doors to the hotel. Despite the best efforts to the police to make them disperse, the assembled mob threw themselves through plate glass windows, pushed each other into the elaborate fish ponds and jammed revolving doors. The crowd refused to leave, and the fracas only died down after Marilyn was persuaded to make an appearance on a second floor balcony. Meanwhile gurads were placed in front of their door for added security. ï¿½Theyï¿½re MAD!ï¿½ said Marilyn, ï¿½I feel like Iï¿½m a dictator!ï¿½ An obvious reference to Juan and Evita Peron. The kind of adulation heaped upon Marilyn had heretofore only been the perquisite of the powerful. Consequently such behavior was not simply shocking, it was unheard of. Joe was the traditional kind of hero, a modern day samurai, respected for his power and dignity. In some ways, he represented the old order as an emblem of Americanï¿½s pre-war cultural exchange with Japan. Marilyn represented something quite different. She was the leading edge of the coming sexual revolution and a new kind of American export: the cult of the pop culture personality. Indeed it is worth noting that in todayï¿½s Japan (as elsewhere), celebrity is a disposable commodity, slathered over the famous, and indiscriminately dumped on the merely notable. And for those caught in the media spotlight, there is little of oneï¿½s private life that isnï¿½t prone to tabloid scrutiny and the curiosity of fans. Take for example the hysteria that broke out in 1999 when popular actress Ryoko Hirose appeared at a Tokyo university to register for classes. But it was not always so. In 1954, this phenomenon was still in its infancy. Long before the term ï¿½stalkingï¿½ entered the Japanese vernacular, Marilyn would become one of itï¿½s most distinguished victims. In modern day Japan, however, even obscure actors and ï¿½talentsï¿½ can well imagine the ordeal Monroe was put through. Such hysteria naturally provoked widespread debate and commentary in the Japanese press. One psychologist stated that ï¿½Marilynï¿½s appeal lies in the fact that she does not wear any spiritual underclothing.ï¿½ ï¿½Madame Masako,ï¿½ a fashion designer, opined that Monroeï¿½s popularity attested to the desire of young girls to pursue sexual liberation and ï¿½their instinct of wanting to become beautiful.ï¿½ Movie critic Tadashi Iijma noted that ï¿½Monroeï¿½s walk and jazz have in common a certain rhythmical quality and the power to stimulate the highest sensation of sex.ï¿½ Another, more vinegar tongued newspaper columnist stated that ï¿½It is a sort of chain reaction and a sign that the heads of the masses are empty.ï¿½ While opinions about Monroeï¿½s influence were mixed, everyone seemed to have one. The next day, February 2nd, Marilyn and Joe held a crowded news conference at the hotel. Joe, used to the adulation of fans and reporters, went relatively unnoticed in a corner of the room. His audience consisted of a small handful of baseball reporters, while Marilyn stole the show. When she was asked about the famous ï¿½Monroe Walkï¿½ that had received so much attention in Niagara, she replied coyly, ï¿½Iï¿½ve been walking since I was six-monthï¿½s old and havenï¿½t stopped yet.ï¿½ The movie had featured a scene billed at the time as ï¿½the longest walk in film history.ï¿½ To accentuate her ï¿½horizontal walk,ï¿½ Monroe had secretly sawed off part of a high-heel shoe, giving her hips added gyration. Much was also made of her penchant for not wearing underwear, and while a lace slip peeked from under her tightly fitting wool suit, all of Tokyo wondered if not wearing underwear would be the next ï¿½Big Thing.ï¿½ Wherever she went for days afterward, you could hear wolf whistles. It was as if everyone was thinking, ï¿½Sheï¿½s not wearing underwear.ï¿½ At the conference, however, Monroe made a point of mentioning that she intended to buy a kimono during her stay. She was already wearing a string of Mikimoto pearls that Joe had Lefty Oï¿½Doul purchase in Ginza. The pearls would forever remind her of her best moments with Joe. Later she would give them to her acing coach and mentor Paula Strasberg. Then a reporter asked about plans to go to Korea to visit troops. Differing accounts have been offered about Joeï¿½s initial reaction to the tour, but one thing is clear: The idea of sharing his new wife with thousands of randy servicemen during his honeymoon was not much to his liking. When asked earlier whether Marilyn would make the trip, Joe responded, ï¿½Of course not! She doesnï¿½t have an act.ï¿½ Poor Joe was only now realizing that Marilyn didnï¿½t need one. She was the act. Later he is reported to have told Marilyn that , ï¿½if the Army asks you to go, youï¿½d better go.ï¿½ But perhaps most telling of all is what he had to say at the Imperial Hotel news conference ï¿½ ï¿½Weï¿½re supposedly on our honeymoon, and this is what happens!ï¿½ While the couple had intended to take in the sights and feel of the city. The vigilant crowd outside made it all but impossible. Marilyn remained in the hotel for much of the next two days, suffering from chronic endometriosis, a condition that would plague her throughout her life. Seeking relief, a shiatsu masseuse was called to her room. Tokujiro Namikoshi, the founding father of modern shiatsu, entered the room to discover Marilyn lying naked on the bed. As he later recounted to one of his students, she was ï¿½wearing nothing but Chanel No. 5.ï¿½ Namikoshi found it hard to concentrate on his work, eventually spreading his handkerchief over the more distracting areas. But within five minutes the pain had dissipated and Monroe was so relaxed that she began to fall asleep. The shiatsu master would forever remember what it was like to be alone in a room with the naked blonde bombshell. Marilyn may have been a goddess, but to many Joe was God. DiMaggioï¿½s career was well known to ordinary Japanese. During his 13 years in the big leagues, Joltinï¿½ Joe led the Yankees to ten world series, winning nine of them. In 1941, he achieved baseball immortality with a hitting streak that lasted 56 consecutive games. A lesser man would have succumbed to the lure of idolatry that such mystical feats encouraged, but Joe never did. He tried to give back to the game that had given him so much. That was the reason he and Oï¿½Doul had agreed to come to Japan in the first place. He planned to instill Japanese teams with a renewed sense of the gameï¿½s fundamentals, especially the importance of fielding. He also encouraged setting up special coaches for pitching, hitting and fielding, an uncommon practice in Japanese leagues at the time. Over the course of the 24-day baseball promotion tour, DiMaggio would practice with six major teams in Japan. Naturally the Giants ï¿½ who were sponsoring him ï¿½ were first on the list. But the Kintetsu Swallows, Shochiku (Yosho) Robins Hirosima Carp, Hanshin Tigers and Chunichi Dragons would all get time with the Yankee Clipper during his stay. Marilyn did make it out of the hotel on February 5th to visit the Tokyo Army Hospital. After keeping patients and staff waiting for 40 minutes while she got her hair, toes and nails done (along with another nude massage), Marilyn appeared and signed body casts and posted for photos. The papers called her ï¿½the greatest cure since penicillin.ï¿½ While Marilyn did the rounds in Tokyo and finalized plans for her Korean trip, Joe and Lefty went ahead to Kawana, on the Izu Peninsula, where they had scheduled a weekend of golf and relaxation at the baronial Kawana Hotel. In 1950ï¿½s Japan, which was still struggling to recover from the devastation of WW II, the Kawana Hotel was a rare oasis of luxury. The 140-room resort was built in 1936 by wealthy industrialist Baron Kishichiro Okura as a showcase that would cater to foreigners. Its commanding view of the Pacific and two gigantic seaside golf courses has made it a magnet for the wealthy and elite ever since. In 1958, John Wayne made his home there during the filming of ï¿½The Barbarian and the Geisha,ï¿½ and Prime Minister Hashimoto held a summit meeting there with Russiaï¿½s Boris Yeltsin in 1998. Marilyn arrived by train tired and ill from Tokyo. The numerous inoculations given to her in preparation for her upcoming Korean tour made her queasy and lethargic. In addition she had a sore thumb, rumored to have been inflicted during an argument in which Joe knocked a glass out of her hand. Marilyn wouldnï¿½t be playing golf anyway ï¿½ she didnï¿½t know how. Instead the men and their wives played billiards, dined under the open-beam ceilings, relaxed in overstuffed chairs in front of Art Deco fireplaces, and enjoyed a rare moment away from the crowds. On February 8th, the group headed off to Fukuoka. Arriving by plane at Itazuke Airport, they were quickly sped away to the Kokusai Hotel in Nakasu (now the Shiroyama Hotel). Again the couple was mobbed by fans and reporters. The next morning, the lobby and narrow streets around the hotel were packed with people. While Joe went to Kashii Field for practice with the Robbins, Marilyn was left alone with Jean at the hotel. Apparently she spent her time washing her own underwear in the sink. A reporter and three photographers were allowed to interview her during her stay, but Joe angrily demanded that they do so only when he returned. A photo taken of Monroe in a beret and white sweater reveal a woman who appears outwardly relaxed. But on closer inspection one notices that her right thumb is bandaged. Monroe did fit in a visit to the US base at Gannosu (now Uminonakamichi koen) as well as a trip to the American Center. The newlyweds even ate dinner at the Royal Bakery (the origin of todayï¿½s Royal Host chain of restaurants.) Again crowds found them, and they had to make an exit through the rear of the establishment to get away. From there they went on to Hiroshimo, where Joe was coaching the Carp. During one of the games, Marilyn made an appearance at the ballpark. As soon as she was spotted, baseball was completely forgotten. The crowd of 5,000 went crazy, craning their necks to get a glimpse as they stormed the playing field. Marilyn was pushed and jostled as she tried to take a seat behind the net. Out on the field, Joe went virtually unnoticed by fans and at intervals also by the Japanese ballplayers themselves. DiMaggio, whose popularity in the country had been likened to that of McArthur, had been swept aside by what the papers called the ï¿½Monroe Hurricane.ï¿½ As loud as the cheers were in Japan, they were nothing compared to what came next. After a stop in Hanshin, where DiMaggio and Oï¿½Doul spent their time training the Tigers at Koshien, Marilyn departed for Korea with Jean. For four days Marilyn toured the front lines and swept across the frozen battlefields like a heat wave melting ice, snow and the hearts of thousands of servicemen. Wearing only a skintight purple dress in sub-zero temperatures, she wowed over 100,00 troops during shows in which she sang her trademark tune ï¿½Diamonds are a Girlï¿½s Best Friend.ï¿½ Another song in her set called ï¿½Do it Again,ï¿½ had to be altered to ï¿½Kiss Me Againï¿½ after a riot broke out at one of her appearances. Marilyn was overwhelmed by the enthusiasm of the soldiers. ï¿½Iï¿½ve never seen so many men in my life,ï¿½ she said. But she reminded everyone she was married when, swinging an imaginary baseball bat, she told one crowd, ï¿½Iï¿½m sorry Joe canï¿½t be with me in Korea.ï¿½ During her time in Japan she had begun to discover the extent of her fame. But she would always mark the trip to Korea as the moment when she realized she was truly an international star. Returning to Japan after the tumultuous four-day journey, she remarked ingenuously to her husband, ï¿½It was so wonderful Joe, youï¿½ve never heard such cheering!ï¿½ Dryly he replied ï¿½Oh yes I have.ï¿½ On February 24th, Joe and Marilyn left Japan. Within eight months their marriage would be over. There were numerous arguments, but their final break-up occurred during the famous subway grate scene in the movie ï¿½The Seven year Itch.ï¿½ Joe watched 5,000 gawkers cheer as Marilynï¿½s skirt was blown over her head for several takes before he erupted with rage. In his opinion, the movie, and many of the characters she played, exploited her. Marilyn filed for divorce on October 2nd, but the two remained close and were rumored to be engaged at the time of Marilynï¿½s death in August 1962. It was Joe who arranged her funeral and for twenty years he baseball legend had a long-stem rose delivered to her grave twice a week, fulfilling a promise made on their wedding day. When Joe and Marilyn took off from San Francisco on January 29th 1954 aboard Pan Am flight 831, they did so in the kind of comfort and style that can only be imagined today. They traveled aboard a B-377 Stratocruiser ï¿½ a flying hotel so luxurious that passengers could have their own beds and enjoy on after dinner drink in a lounge. The B-377 was a descendant of the B-29 Superfortress bombers which were famous for their long-range and high-speed (the Enola Gay being the most notorious example.) The B-29ï¿½s wings, engines and tail were mated with a completely new fuselage, whose dimensions were huge. The characteristic blunt nose may not have seemed streamlined, but the Stratocruiser flew faster (375 mph) and farther (4,600 miles) than any passenger aircraft of itï¿½s era. For these reasons the Stratocruiser was the mode of choice for those facing marathon journeys across the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. While cruise ships still provided unparalleled luxury and relaxation, for a brief period between the war and the jet age the Stratocruiser was the most comfortable way to travel fast ï¿½ earning the nickname the ï¿½Queen of the Skies.ï¿½ Manufactured by Boeing, and called a Stratoliner by other airlines, the Stratocruiser began service in 1949. It was the first commercial aircraft with a pressurized cabin allowing it to cruise above 25,000 feet. Pan Amï¿½s fabled ï¿½Strato Clipper Serviceï¿½ set a new standard for luxurious air travel with its tastefully decorated extra-wide passenger cabin and gold-appointed dressing rooms. A circular staircase led to a lower-deck beverage lounge, and flight attendants prepared hot meals in a state-of-the-art galley. The planes accommodated 81 pampered passengers with fully reclining seats and 28-sleeping berths in the cabin above. After evening takeoff you could adjourn to the bar and lounge. A few drinks later, you would climb the stairs to the upper deck to a seven course dinner, then back down to the cocktail lounge for an after dinner drink, while the flight attendants prepared your sleeping berth. Boeing only built 56 Stratocruisers between 1947 and 1950. While they marked the companyï¿½s first significant success selling passenger planes to airlines in other countries, the B-377 was beset by problems. They were expensive to fly. Propeller problems, high maintenance costs, low passenger loads and several accidents made them unprofitable. In the end, the luxury of the Stratocruiser was overtaken by speed and economics of the jet age. When the 707 was introduced in the late 50ï¿½s, flying times were cut in half, leaving the dwindling fleet of Stratocruisers grounded on abandoned airfields and desert parking lots. Today only two of the aircraft survive, relics of an era when getting there was half the fun. A VERY SPECIAL THANK YOU - Dan Adams was kind enough to send me a copy of the above article which appeared in a magazine he found in Japan. I loved reading about their time in Japan and also the details about the flight my tickets are from. At the end of the article there was a reference to a book called "Faces of Fukuoka" for more information. It took me awhile to track down a copy and here is the chapter on Marilyn.... On February 8th, 1954, Monroe fever hit Fukuoka. The blonde bombshell was on a fast train to stardom and with her baseballing hero husband Joe DiMaggio she arrived at Fukuokaï¿½s Itazuke airport at 7pm. The couple were on their honeymoon and were whisked away to avoid the crowd of fans who had gathered to greet the closest thing that America had to a royal couple. Postwar Japan was on a one way street to Americanisation, and in Fukuoka Coca Cola, Pepsi, hamburgers and hot dogs were symbols of style. The Akai Kutsu, Shanghai and Florida dance halls were filled with young people dancing the night away, and Hollywood movies were like a cultural utopia that lit up the imagination of a country recovering from the horrors of war. The arrival of Marilyn in the provincial outpost of Fukuoka was greeted with enormous excitement, and the media jostled for positions to cover the story of the year. By 1954 cinema culture had planted firm roots in Japan. It was the year that the science fiction classic Godzilla hit the worldï¿½s screens, a movie that was in fact inspired by the Bikini Atoll H-Bomb test in which fallout contaminated the entire crew of the Japanese fishing vessel Daigo Fukuryu Maru. Godzilla became the countryï¿½s biggest ever box office hit, outstripping Kurosawaï¿½s classic ï¿½The Seven Samuraiï¿½, which won the Venice Film Festival award for best movie. The year also saw Audrey Hepburn in ï¿½Roman Holidayï¿½ and the first ever Japanese dubbed version of ï¿½Dumboï¿½ reached the screens. The Fuku-Haku area of Fukuoka city, which is the central entertainment area, boasted over twenty four cinemas, almost double the number in the same area in 1993. Many famous American movie stars, including academy award winner William Holden, visited Japan that year, however it was extremely rare for any such star to make their way to Fukuoka. DiMaggio, 39, wed Monroe, 27, on 14th January and they came to Japan for their honeymoon. Joltnï¿½ Joe DiMaggio, champion slugger for the New York Yankees with a career average of .325 had visited Japan a few years earlier and was received as a hero. During that visit he was chased throughout the country by photographers, journalists, and autograph-hungry baseball fans. He was at the top of his profession and his popularity in Japan seemed to be as high as in his own country. This time his schedule included a visit to the six pro-baseball teams in Japan, and the couple dropped in on the Fukuoka-based Shochiku Robins. However, the Japanese media and movie fans only had eyes for Marilyn who had just started to make a name for herself after the movie Niagara, and at their first press conference in Tokyo the journalistsï¿½ questions and photographersï¿½ lenses were aimed firmly in the direction of Monroe. In fact halfway through the conference DiMaggio got up and left in a huff. Apparently the tension between the newlyweds was evident even before their arrival at Fukuoka. The couple stayed at the Kokusai hotel in Nakasu (now the Shiroyama hotel and previously known as the Nikkatsu Hotel), which was then the only hotel to accommodate overseas visitors. The following morning fans jammed the lobby and the narrow street along the Nakagawa river trying to catch a glimpse of the movie star. At the same time a young reporter, Shoji Kawamura (26) at the Fukunichi newspaper was called in by his editor and given his orders: ï¿½Get the scoop on Marilynï¿½!, and along with no less than three photographers he set out for the hotel to grab the story of his life. Kawamura strolled into the hotel and after asking the room number went straight to room 313. The nervous reporter knocked on the door to be greeted by DiMaggio, only to be told ï¿½Nobody talks to my wife until I get back.ï¿½ The crew had to wait till that afternoon while DiMaggio visited the Kashii baseball park where he gave advice to up and coming baseballers on the style of major league for about two and a half hours. On DiMaggioï¿½s return to the hotel Kawamura placed his three cameramen in readiness for the interview, one on the street, one with him and one taking his life in his hands on the outside ledge of the second floor. Kawamuraï¿½s hand was shaking as he knocked on the door then, suddenly, it opened. A shiver of awe ran throughout the young reporterï¿½s body as a million dollar smile greeted him. The radiantly beautiful Monroe wore a white sweater, black skirt and black beret. The braless body displayed curves and proportions unseen in Fukuoka at the time. Though Kamamura was chosen to do the story for his English fluency, nervousness caused him to lose his tongue and he resorted to conversing through Marilynï¿½s interpreter. ï¿½Iï¿½m Kawamura from the Fukunichi Newspaper, would it be possible for us to ask you a few questions and take some picturesï¿½?, he asked hesitantly. ï¿½Of course, I would like to pay my respects to the local media and my fansï¿½, replied a cooperative Monroe. She was more than happy to stroll down the corridor for the cameraman who busily replaced flashbulbs after taking shots of not only her face, but legs and hips as well. As she blew kisses to fans who packed the street outside, another cameraman crept along the ledge like a gecko snapping madly while trying to preserve his balance. Kawamura noticed that her right thumb was bandaged and asked what happened. ï¿½Itï¿½s a blister from signing too many autographï¿½ she replied. Later it was to be revealed that it was a cut caused when Monroe and DiMaggio had a tiff and he knocked a glass out of her hand, cutting her thumb. The Fukunichi Shinbun team got the scoop of their dreams, and the next issue featured a pictorial story title ï¿½Marilyn hits Hakata like an H-Bomb!ï¿½ The following day Kawamura followed Marilyn as she visited the US base in Gannosu (now Uminonakamichi Koen) and was greeted with all the enthusiasm of soldiers in a remote post. Back in those days female visitors were a rarity and the only entertainment that the soldiers had was at the ï¿½Rest Housesï¿½ in designated areas of Fukuoka where bars and brothels operated by a well-known tour company catered exclusively for the US forces. A visit to Dazaifu to see the Ume plum blossoms was scheduled but a change in plans saw the couple take a drive to Higashi Koen. Later they visited the American Center to show the latest baseball newsreel. DiMaggio and accompanying manager Oï¿½Doole gave a speech at the center to the players and families of the Shockiku Robins baseball team while Marilyn sat quietly next to the projector at the back of the room. Projector operator Akira Ogata remembers the slightly bored Monroe sitting next to him as he showed the movie. After the showing he lined up to shake her hand and searched his pockets for a piece of paper to get her autograph, but all he could find was his weekly bus pass. She obligingly signed it, leaving an indelible mark in the twenty one year old Ogataï¿½s memory. Fans gathered outside the American center which was the only English conversation school at the time, tutors being mostly wives of the elite military forces stationed in the area. The American Center now proudly displays a photograph of Marilyn taken during her visit. In the evening the couple dined at the Nakasu restaurant Royal Bakery (the origin of the Royal Host Restaurant chain) where they had to sneak out the back exit to avoid the crush of fans trying to catch a glimpse of them. Kawamura managed to see Marilyn before she left for Hiroshima on the 11th and had a photo autographed, the original now a priceless item decorating his living room. An interview with the bellboy after she left revealed that Marilyn washed her own underwear in the sink while Joe was visiting the baseball teams. ï¿½She was not like the usual foreign visitors who leave a mess, but was very tidy and punctual, in fact the tidiest visitor we have ever hadï¿½. But even after Marilyn left Fukuoka souvenir hunters moved in. Though unconfirmed, rumour had it that staff of the hotel scoured the roomï¿½s bathroom and bed for remaining bits of hair and sold them on the black market at a premium. Four years later the-Fukuoka based pro baseball team Nishitetsu Lions did what no other baseball team had before and came back from being down 3-0 to win the best of seven series 4-3, a feat that Joe DiMaggio would have indeed admired. As subsequent events showed, the marriage was on shaky ground even in Fukuoka and ended after only nine months. But though Marilyn only stayed in Fukuoka for three days, the energy and excitement that she brought to Hakata will never be forgotten.	i don't know
Which Shakespearian character said Good morrow. 'Tis St. Valentine's Day?	Inspiration Line Fun Feature for February: Valentine's Trivia Quiz "ENTER HERE" FOR LAST WEEK'S ISSUE OF INSPIRATION LINE ~~ QUIZ ANSWERS ~~ 1. "Valentine's Day," has its origins in the Pagan rite of... D) The annual Roman fertility rite dates back to the 4th century BC Young men drew from a box the names of young women, who became their companions. 2. Why is the name "Asterius" important to the Valentine's Day story? B) Asterius was Valentine's jailer, and legend has it that his daughter's blindness was cured by Valentine. In a farewell note to her, Valentine wrote the message "From Your Valentine." 3. Why does an "X" represent the kiss? C) In days of old, when many did not know how to write, and X or the sign of the cross was accepted as a sworn oath. Sincerity of the oath was often finalized with a kiss of the X, hence the connection. 4. Who declared February 14th to be "Saint Valentine's Day" in 496 AD? C) Pope Gelasius named February 14 in honor of St. Valentine as the patron saint of lovers in 496 AD. to distance the church from pagan rituals. 5. Who is the son of Venus, goddess of love and beauty, and is associated with Valentine's Day? C) Cupid, the cherub who totes love potion-dipped arrows, is the son of Venus. 6. Which Shakespearean character said, "Good morrow! 'Tis St. Valentine's Day"? D) In Britain and Italy, some unmarried women got up before sunrise on Valentine's Day to stand by the window, believing that the first man they see, or someone who looks like him, will marry them within a year. In "Hamlet" the love within Ophelia's madness is shown when she speaks about Valentines Day, referring to the events of romance that she was denied. "Good morrow! 'Tis St. Valentine's Day, All in the morning be time, And I a maid at your window, To be your valentine!" 7. Sending anonymous Valentine's Day cards in 18th Century England became fashionable after this happened... B) There was a great increase in anonymous Valentine's Day cards particularly risqué ones in 18th-century England, when a reduction in postal rates made it affordable and fashionable. 8. Valentines known as "penny dreadfuls" were called "dreadful" because they contained... B) From the mid-1800's to the early 1900's, many people sent comic valentines called penny dreadfuls. These cards sold for a penny and featured insulting verses. 9. Why did the Allied governments outlaw troops from the writing XXX in letters home during WWII? B) So concerned were the Allies that "XXX" could be used to transmit messages by spies, the practice of sending a kiss through the mail was banned during the war. 10. Who sent the earliest surviving Valentine's Day card? A) Charles, the Duke of Orleans wrote a Valentine's Day card to his wife while imprisoned in the Tower of London. HAVE YOU PUT YOURSELF ON THE MAP?	Ophelia
Born in Italy in 1895, who was known as cinema's first great lover?	No Fear Shakespeare: Hamlet: Act 4, Scene 5, Page 3 No Fear Shakespeare Home → No Fear Shakespeare → Hamlet → Act 4, Scene 5, Page 3 Hamlet How do you, pretty lady? CLAUDIUS How are you doing, my pretty lady? OPHELIA Well, God'ield you! They say the owl was a baker’s daughter. Lord, we know what we are, but know not what we may be. God be at your table. OPHELIA I’m quite well, and may God give you what you deserve. They say the baker’s daughter was turned into an owl for refusing Jesus' bread. My lord, we know what we are now, but not what we may become. May God be at your table. CLAUDIUS She’s talking about her dead father. OPHELIA Pray you, let’s have no words of this, but when they ask you what it means, say you this: (sings) Tomorrow is Saint Valentine’s day, All in the morning betime, And I a maid at your window, To be your Valentine. Then up he rose, and donned his clothes, And dupped the chamber door. Let in the maid that out a maid Never departed more. OPHELIA Oh, let’s not talk about that, but when they ask you what it means, just say: (sings) Tomorrow is St. Valentine’s Day And early in the morning I’m a girl below your window Waiting to be your Valentine. Then he got up and put on his clothes And opened the door to his room. He let in the girl, and when she left She wasn’t a virgin anymore. CLAUDIUS	i don't know
Containing the lines You're asking me will my love grow, I don't know, I don't know, which Beatles' song did Frank Sinatra describe as the greatest love song ever written?	Love - Wikiquote Love Jump to: navigation , search There is, in the human Breast, a social Affection, which extends to our whole Species. ~ John Adams Love is a variety of different feelings, states, and attitudes that ranges from interpersonal affection ("I love my mother") to pleasure ("I loved that meal"). It can refer to an emotion of a strong attraction and personal attachment. It can also be a virtue representing human kindness, compassion, and affection—"the unselfish loyal and benevolent concern for the good of another". It may also describe compassionate and affectionate actions towards other humans, one's self or animals. A[ edit ] Love is the expansion of two natures in such fashion that each include the other, each is enriched by the other. Love is an echo in the feelings of a unity subsisting between two persons which is founded both on likeness and on complementary differences. ~ Felix Adler The greatest thing you'll ever learn is just to love and be loved in return. ~ Eden Ahbez Love is the only thing that we can carry with us when we go, and it makes the end so easy. ~ Louisa May Alcott Love costs all we are and will ever be. Yet it is only love which sets us free. A Brave and Startling Truth. ~ Maya Angelou Love is the principal cause of pleasure. ~ Thomas Aquinas Choose to love whomsoever thou wilt: all else will follow. ~ Augustine of Hippo What love will make you do All the things that we accept Be the things that we regret ~ Ashanti Once for all, then, a short precept is given thee: Love, and do what thou wilt... ~ Augustine of Hippo Let the root of love be within, of this root can nothing spring but what is good. ~ Augustine of Hippo Since love grows within you, so beauty grows. For love is the beauty of the soul. ~ Augustine of Hippo Choose to love whomsoever thou wilt: all else will follow. ~ Augustine of Hippo Love flowers best in openness and freedom. Edward Abbey , Desert Solitaire (1968), "Cliffrose and Bayonets", p. 26 Love can defeat that nameless terror. Loving one another, we take the sting from death. Loving our mysterious blue planet, we resolve riddles and dissolve all enigmas in contingent bliss. The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (2005), film based on the novel by Douglas Adams Mysterious love, uncertain treasure, Hast thou more of pain or pleasure! Endless torments dwell about thee: Yet who would live, and live without thee! Joseph Addison , Rosamond (c. 1707), Act III, scene 2 When love's well-timed 'tis not a fault to love; The strong, the brave, the virtuous, and the wise, Sink in the soft captivity together. Joseph Addison , Cato, A Tragedy (1713), Act III, scene 1 When love once pleads admission to our hearts, (In spite of all the virtue we can boast), The woman that deliberates is lost. Joseph Addison , Cato, A Tragedy (1713), Act IV, scene 1 Love is the expansion of two natures in such fashion that each include the other, each is enriched by the other. Love is an echo in the feelings of a unity subsisting between two persons which is founded both on likeness and on complementary differences. Without the likeness there would be no attraction; without the challenge of the complementary differences there could not be the closer interweaving and the inextinguishable mutual interest which is the characteristic of all deeper relationships. Felix Adler , Life and Destiny (1913), Section 5: Love and Marriage The greatest thing you'll ever learn is just to love and be loved in return. Louisa May Alcott , Little Women (1868), chapter 24: Gossip Love is the only thing that we can carry with us when we go, and it makes the end so easy. Louisa May Alcott , Little Women (1868), chapter 40: The Valley Of The Shadow “There is much to be known,” said Adaon, “and above all much to be loved, be it the turn of the seasons or the shape of a river pebble. Indeed, the more we find to love, the more we add to the measure of our hearts.” Love is the answer, but while you're waiting for the answer, sex raises some pretty interesting questions. Woody Allen , reported in James Robert Parish, The Hollywood Book of Love, (2003), p. 35 Who sings of all of Love's eternity Who shines so bright In all the songs of Love's unending spells? Holy lightning strikes all that's evil Teaching us to love for goodness sake. Hear the music of Love Eternal Teaching us to reach for goodness sake. Jon Anderson , in "Loved by the Sun", from movie Legend (1985) (YouTube video) We, unaccustomed to courage live coiled in shells of loneliness until love leaves its high holy temple and comes into our sight to liberate us into life. Maya Angelou , A Brave and Startling Truth (1995) If we are bold, love strikes away the chains of fear from our souls. Maya Angelou , A Brave and Startling Truth (1995) Love costs all we are and will ever be. Yet it is only love which sets us free. A Brave and Startling Truth. Maya Angelou , A Brave and Startling Truth (1995) Σχέτλι᾽ Ἔρως, μέγα πῆμα, μέγα στύγος ἀνθρώποισιν, ἐκ σέθεν οὐλόμεναί τ᾽ ἔριδες στοναχαί τε γόοι τε, ἄλγεά τ᾽ ἄλλ᾽ ἐπὶ τοῖσιν ἀπείρονα τετρήχασιν. Unconscionable Love, bane and tormentor of mankind, parent of strife, fountain of tears, source of a thousand ills. Apollonius of Rhodes , Argonautica (3rd century BC), Book IV, lines 445–447 (tr. E. V. Rieu) The third principle [way doing good to another may give pleasure] is the motive: for instance when a man is moved by one whom he loves, to do good to someone: for whatever we do or suffer for a friend is pleasant, because love is the principal cause of pleasure. [Thomas Aquinas], Summa Theologica (1265–1274), I-II, q. 32, art. 6 To love is to will the good of the other. [Thomas Aquinas], Summa Theologica (1265–1274), II-II, q. 26, art. 6 Álomban és szerelemben nincs lehetetlenség. In dreams and in love there are no impossibilities. János Arany , as quoted in Dictionary of Quotations from Ancient and Modern, English and Foreign Sources (1893) by James Wood, p. 11 Love is composed of a single soul inhabiting two bodies. Attributed to Aristotle in Richard Alan Krieger, Civilization's Quotations: Life's Ideal (2002), p. 47, misquoting earlier reports of the quote which used "friendship" rather than "love". Remember that time slurs over everything, let all deeds fade, blurs all writings and kills all memories. Exempt are only those which dig into the hearts of men by love. Aristotle , Free Translation from the French version of a letter named "The Letter of Aristotle to Alexander on the Policy toward the Cities". Basis for translation: Lettre d’Aristote à Alexandre sur la politique envers les cités, Arabic text edition and translated/edited by Józef Bielawski and Marian Plezia (Warsaw: Polish Academy of Sciences, 1970), page 72 All our young lives we search for someone to love. Someone who makes us complete. We choose partners and change partners. We dance to a song of heartbreak and hope. All the while wondering if somewhere, somehow, there's someone perfect who might be searching for us. Kevin Arnold (played by Daniel Stern) narrating in The Wonder Years (1988) Alas! is even love too weak To unlock the heart, and let it speak? Are even lovers powerless to reveal To one another what indeed they feel? I knew the mass of men conceal'd Their thoughts, for fear that if reveal'd They would by other men be met With blank indifference, or with blame reproved; I knew they lived and moved Trick'd in disguises, alien to the rest Of men, and alien to themselves — and yet The same heart beats in every human breast! Ah, love, let us be true To one another! for the world, which seems To lie before us like a land of dreams, So various, so beautiful, so new, Hath really neither joy, nor love, nor light, Nor certitude, nor peace, nor help for pain; And we are here as on a darkling plain Swept with confused alarms of struggle and flight, Where ignorant armies clash by night. Matthew Arnold , Dover Beach (1867), St. 4 Greatness is a spiritual condition worthy to excite love, interest, and admiration; and the outward proof of possessing greatness is that we excite love, interest, and admiration. Matthew Arnold , Culture and Anarchy (1869), Ch. I, Sweetness and Light Full text online What love will make you do All the things that we accept Be the things that we regret Ashanti , Foolish (January 29, 2002) from the April 2, 2002 album Ashanti The Eskimo has fifty-two names for snow because it is important to them; there ought to be as many for love. Margaret Atwood , Surfacing (1972) p. 107 Variant: The Eskimos had 52 names for snow because it was important to them; there ought to be as many for love. Hunger allows no choice To the citizen or the police; We must love one another or die. W. H. Auden , September 1, 1939 (1939) Lines 78-88; for a 1955 anthology text the poet changed this line to "We must love one another and die" to avoid what he regarded as a falsehood in the original. Among those whom I like or admire, I can find no common denominator, but among those whom I love, I can: all of them make me laugh. W. H. Auden , The Dyer's Hand, and other essays‎ (1962), p. 372 It is love that asks, that seeks, that knocks, that finds, and that is faithful to what it finds. Augustine of Hippo , reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 392 Once for all, then, a short precept is given thee: Love, and do what thou wilt: whether thou hold thy peace, through love hold thy peace; whether thou cry out, through love cry out; whether thou correct, through love correct; whether thou spare, through love do thou spare: let the root of love be within, of this root can nothing spring but what is good. Latin: "dilige et quod vis fac."; falsely often: "ama et fac quod vis." Translation by Professor Joseph Fletcher: Love and then what you will, do. What does love look like? It has the hands to help others. It has the feet to hasten to the poor and needy. It has eyes to see misery and want. It has the ears to hear the sighs and sorrows of men. That is what love looks like. Augustine of Hippo , as quoted in Quote, Unquote (1977) by Lloyd Cory, p. 197 Quantum in te crescit amor, tantum crescit pulchritudo; quia ipsa charitas est animae pulchritudo. Beauty grows in you to the extent that love grows, because charity itself is the soul 's beauty. Augustine of Hippo in Homilies on the First Epistle of John Ninth Homily, §9, as translated by Boniface Ramsey (2008) Augustinian Heritage Institute Variant translations: Inasmuch as love grows in you, in so much beauty grows; for love is itself the beauty of the soul. Ten Homilies on the First Epistle of John (1995), The Nicene and Post Nicene Fathers, Ninth Homily, §9, as translated by H. Browne and J. H. Meyers Since love grows within you, so beauty grows. For love is the beauty of the soul. As translated in The Little Book of Bathroom Philosophy : Daily Wisdom from the Greatest Thinkers (2004) by Gregory Bergman, p. 50. Nondum amabam, et amare amabam...quaerebam quid amarem, amans amare. I was not yet in love, yet I loved to love...I sought what I might love, in love with loving. Augustine of Hippo in Confessions (c. 397), III, 1 Sero te amavi, pulchritudo tam antiqua et tam nova, sero te amavi! et ecce intus eras et ego foris, et ibi te quaerebam. Late have I loved you, O Beauty ever ancient and ever new! Late have I loved you! And, behold, you were within me, and I out of myself, and there I searched for you. Augustine of Hippo in Confessions (c. 397), X, 27, as translated in Theology and Discovery: Essays in honor of Karl Rahner, S.J. (1980) edited by William J. Kelly Variant translations: So late I loved you, O Beauty ever ancient and ever new! So late I loved you! The Ethics of Modernism: Moral Ideas in Yeats, Eliot, Joyce, Woolf, and Beckett‎ (2007), by Lee Oser, p. 29 Too late I loved you, O Beauty ever ancient and ever new! Too late I loved you! And, behold, you were within me, and I out of myself, and there I searched for you. Introduction to a Philosophy of Religion (1970) by Alice Von Hildebrand Love all men, even your enemies; love them, not because they are your brothers, but that they may become your brothers. Thus you will ever burn with fraternal love, both for him who is already your brother and for your enemy, that he may by loving become your brother. Augustine of Hippo in On the Mystical Body of Christ, p. 436. From The Whole Christ: The Historical Development of the Doctrine of the Mystical Body in Scripture and Tradition, 1938, 1962, Fr. Emile Mersch, S. J., (1890-1940), John R. Kelly, S.J., tr., London, Dennis Dobson LTD. [1] Choose to love whomsoever thou wilt: all else will follow. Thou mayest say, "I love only God, God the Father." Wrong! If Thou lovest Him, thou dost not love Him alone; but if thou lovest the Father, thou lovest also the Son. Or thou mayest say, "I love the Father and I love the Son, but these alone; God the Father and God the Son, our Lord Jesus Christ who ascended into heaven and sitteth at the right hand of the Father, the Word by whom all things were made, the Word who was made flesh and dwelt amongst us; only these do I love." Wrong again! If thou lovest the Head, thou lovest also the members; if thou lovest not the members, neither dost thou love the Head. Augustine of Hippo in On the Mystical Body of Christ, p. 438. From The Whole Christ: The Historical Development of the Doctrine of the Mystical Body in Scripture and Tradition, 1938, 1962, Fr. Emile Mersch, S. J., (1890-1940), John R. Kelly, S.J., tr., London, Dennis Dobson LTD. [2] We cannot help loving what is beautiful. Augustine of Hippo , On Music (387–391), VI, 13 Only the beautiful is loved. Augustine of Hippo , Confessions (c. 397), IV, 13 Jim Luther Davis: Love's about sacrifice; only true measure of it... Yeah, that's love. Harsh Times (2005), written by David Ayer B[ edit ] If the learned and worldly-wise men of this age were to allow mankind to inhale the fragrance of fellowship and love, every understanding heart would apprehend the meaning of true liberty, and discover the secret of undisturbed peace and absolute composure. ~ Bahá'u'lláh Only in truth does charity shine forth, only in truth can charity be authentically lived. Truth is the light that gives meaning and value to charity. That light is both the light of reason and the light of faith, through which the intellect attains to the natural and supernatural truth of charity: it grasps its meaning as gift, acceptance, and communion. Without truth, charity degenerates into sentimentality. Love becomes an empty shell, to be filled in an arbitrary way. ~ Pope Benedict XVI Love is not greedy or self-seeking, but pure, faithful and genuinely free, open to others, respectful of their dignity, seeking their good, radiating joy and beauty. ~ Pope Benedict XVI Duty makes us do things well, but love makes us do them beautifully. ~ Phillips Brooks A life of love is one of continual growth , where the doors and windows of experience are always open to the wonder and magic that life offers. To love is to risk living fully. ~ Leo Buscaglia Just as a mother with her own life Protects her child, her only child, from harm, So within yourself let grow A boundless love for all creatures. ~ Gautama Buddha Let us, cautious in diction And mighty in contradiction , Hatred has never stopped hatred. Only love stops hate. This is the eternal law. ~ Gautama Buddha Let your love flow outward through the universe, To its height, its depth, its broad extent, A limitless love, without hatred or enmity. [...] Strive for this with a one-pointed mind; Your life will bring heaven to earth. ~ Gautama Buddha To love is to risk not being loved in return. ~ Leo Buscaglia What am I singing? Eat the music. ~ Kate Bush We used to say And so is love. ~ Kate Bush Love seeketh not itself to please, Nor for itself hath any care, But for another gives its ease, And builds a heaven in hell’s despair. ~ William Blake It is love that alone gives life, and the truest life is that which we live not in ourselves but vicariously in others, and with which we have no concern. ~ Samuel Butler To live is like to love — all reason is against it, and all healthy instinct for it. ~ Samuel Butler At the center of religion is love. I love you and I forgive you. I am like you and you are like me. I love all people. I love the world. I love creating. Everything in our life should be based on love. ~ Ray Bradbury If everything is imperfect in this imperfect world, love is most perfect in its perfect imperfection. ~ Gunar Björnstrand We can recognize the dawn and the decline of love by the uneasiness we feel when alone together. ~ Jean de La Bruyère Yes, Love indeed is light from heaven; A spark of that immortal fire With angels shared, by Allah given To lift from earth our low desire. ~ Lord Byron The falling out of lovers is the renewing of love. ~ Robert Burton Happiest is he who expects no happiness from others. Love delights and glorifies in giving, not receiving. So learn to love and give, and not to expect anything from others. Meher Baba , Meher Prabhu: Lord Meher, The Biography of the Avatar of the Age, Meher Baba (1986) by Bhau Kalchuri, 7:2457 The opposite of loneliness , it's not togetherness. It is intimacy. Richard Bach , The Bridge Across Forever: A Lovestory (1989), p. 184 If the learned and worldly-wise men of this age were to allow mankind to inhale the fragrance of fellowship and love, every understanding heart would apprehend the meaning of true liberty, and discover the secret of undisturbed peace and absolute composure. Bahá'u'lláh , Lawh-i-Maqsúd (Tablet of Maqsúd) It is not for him to pride himself who loveth his own country, but rather for him who loveth the whole world. The earth is but one country and mankind its citizens. Bahá'u'lláh , Gleanings from the Writings of Bahá'u'lláh, p. 250 Ask not of me, love, what is love? Ask what is good of God above; Ask of the great sun what is light; Ask what is darkness of the night; Ask sin of what may be forgiven; Ask what is happiness of heaven; Ask what is folly of the crowd; Ask what is fashion of the shroud; Ask what is sweetness of thy kiss; Ask of thyself what beauty is. Philip James Bailey , Festus (1813), scene A Party and Entertainment Could I love less, I should be happier now. Philip James Bailey , Festus (1813), scene Garden and Bower by the Sea I cannot love as I have loved, And yet I know not why; It is the one great woe of life To feel all feeling die. Philip James Bailey , Festus (1813), scene A Party and Entertainment Love spends his all, and still hath store. Philip James Bailey , Festus (1813), scene A Party and Entertainment The sweetest joy, the wildest woe is love. Philip James Bailey , Festus (1813), scene Alcove and Garden If you say, I love you, then you have already fallen in love with language, which is already a form of break up and infidelity. Jean Baudrillard , Cool memories‎ (1990), p. 153 Bright are the stars that shine Dark is the sky I know this love of mine Will never die One's life has value so long as one attributes value to the life of others, by means of love, friendship , indignation and compassion . Simone de Beauvoir , As quoted in Successful Aging : A Conference Report (1974) by Eric Pfeiffer, p. 142 Love — caritas — is an extraordinary force which leads people to opt for courageous and generous engagement in the field of justice and peace. It is a force that has its origin in God, Eternal Love and Absolute Truth. Each person finds his good by adherence to God's plan for him, in order to realize it fully: in this plan, he finds his truth, and through adherence to this truth he becomes free (cf. Jn 8:32). To defend the truth, to articulate it with humility and conviction, and to bear witness to it in life are therefore exacting and indispensable forms of charity. Charity, in fact, “rejoices in the truth” (1 Cor 13:6). Pope Benedict XVI , in Encyclical Letter Caritas in Veritate (29 June 2009) Only in truth does charity shine forth, only in truth can charity be authentically lived. Truth is the light that gives meaning and value to charity. That light is both the light of reason and the light of faith, through which the intellect attains to the natural and supernatural truth of charity: it grasps its meaning as gift, acceptance, and communion. Without truth, charity degenerates into sentimentality. Love becomes an empty shell, to be filled in an arbitrary way. In a culture without truth, this is the fatal risk facing love. It falls prey to contingent subjective emotions and opinions, the word “love” is abused and distorted, to the point where it comes to mean the opposite. Truth frees charity from the constraints of an emotionalism that deprives it of relational and social content, and of a fideism that deprives it of human and universal breathing-space. Pope Benedict XVI , in Encyclical Letter Caritas in Veritate (29 June 2009) Nature expresses a design of love and truth. Pope Benedict XVI , in Encyclical Letter Caritas in Veritate (29 June 2009) Authentic love is obviously something good. When we love we become most fully human. But people often consider themselves loving when actually they are possessive or manipulative. People sometimes treat others as objects to satisfy their own needs. How easy it is to be deceived by the many voices in our society that advocate a permissive approach to sexuality, without regard for modesty, self-respect or the moral values that bring quality into human relationships! This is worship of a false god; instead of bringing life, it brings death. Pope Benedict XVI , Disadvantaged Youth (18 July 2007) at World Youth Day 2008 in Australia Love has a particular trait: it has a task or purpose to fulfill - to abide. By its nature, love is enduring. The Holy Spirit offers our world love that dispels uncertainty; love that overcomes the fear of betrayal; love that carries eternity within; the true love that draws us into a unity that abides! Pope Benedict XVI , Youth Day Vigil (19 July 2007) at World Youth Day 2008 in Australia Dear young people, we have seen that it is the Holy Spirit who brings about the wonderful communion of believers in Jesus Christ. True to his nature as giver and gift alike, he is even now working through you. Let unifying love be your measure; abiding love your challenge; self-giving love your mission! Pope Benedict XVI , Youth Day Vigil (19 July 2007) at World Youth Day 2008 in Australia A new generation of Christians is being called to help build a world in which God's gift of life is welcomed, respected and cherished-not rejected, feared as a threat and destroyed. A new age in which love is not greedy or self-seeking, but pure, faithful and genuinely free, open to others, respectful of their dignity, seeking their good, radiating joy and beauty - a new age in which hope liberates us from the shallowness, apathy and self-absorption that deaden our souls and poison our relationships. Pope Benedict XVI , Closing Mass (19 July 2007) at World Youth Day 2008 in Australia Professional standards, the standards of ambition and selfishness, are always sliding downward toward expense, ostentation, and mediocrity. They tend always to narrow the ground of judgment. But amateur standards, the standards of love, are always straining upward toward the humble and the best. They enlarge the ground of judgment. The context of love is the world. Wendell Berry , What Are People For? (1990), chapter The Responsibility of the Poet I believe that the world was created and approved by love, that it subsists, coheres, and endures by love, and that, insofar as it is redeemable, it can be redeemed only by love. Wendell Berry , Another Turn of the Crank (1996), chapter Health is Membership We know enough of our own history by now to be aware that people exploit what they have merely concluded to be of value, but they defend what they love. To defend what we love we need a particularizing language, for we love what we particularly know. Wendell Berry , Life Is A Miracle : An Essay Against Modern Superstition (2000) Love: A temporary insanity curable by marriage or by the removal of the patient from the influences under which he incurred the disorder. This disease, like caries and many other ailments, is prevalent only among civilized races living under artificial conditions; barbarous nations breathing pure air and eating simple food enjoy immunity from its ravages. It is sometimes fatal, but more frequently to the physician than to the patient. Love seeketh not itself to please, Nor for itself hath any care, But for another gives its ease, And builds a heaven in hell’s despair. William Blake , The Clod and the Pebble, st. 1 in: Songs of Experience (1794) Man, you got to have love just to set it straight Take control of your mind and meditate Let your soul gravitate to the love y'all The mightiest love was granted him Love that does not expect to be loved. Jorge Luis Borges , of Baruch Spinoza in "Baruch Spinoza", as translated in Spinoza and Other Heretics: The Marrano of Reason (1989) by Yirmiyahu Yovel Being with you and not being with you is the only way I have to measure time. Jorge Luis Borges , "The Threatened", The Book of Sand [El Libro de arena] (1975) There is only one thing infamous in love, and that is a falsehood. Paul Bourget , Cosmopolis (1892), Ch. 5 "Countess Steno" There is no such thing as an age for love … because the man capable of loving — in the complex and modern sense of love as a sort of ideal exaltation — never ceases to love. Paul Bourget , The Age for Love (Whether or not the interview with Pierre Fauchery by "Jules Labarthe" in this short story represents an actual one by Bourget is not known.) Full text online I have been thinking about our conversation and about your book, and I am afraid that I expressed myself badly yesterday. When I said that one may love and be loved at any age I ought to have added that sometimes this love comes too late. It comes when one no longer has the right to prove to the loved one how much she is loved, except by love's sacrifice. Pierre Fauchery, as quoted by the character "Jules Labarthe" Paul Bourget , The Age for Love (Whether or not the interview with Pierre Fauchery by "Jules Labarthe" in this short story represents an actual one by Bourget is not known.) Full text online We have common cause against the night... Why love the woman who is your wife? Her nose breathes the air of a world that I know; therefore I love that nose. Her ears hear the music I might sing half the night through; therefore I love her ears. Her eyes delight in seasons of the land; and so I love those eyes. Her tongue knows quince, peach, chokecherry, mint and lime; I love to hear it speaking. Because her flesh knows heat, cold, affliction, I know fire, snow, and pain... We love what we know, we love what we are. Common cause, common cause, common cause of mouth, eye, ear, tongue, hand, nose, flesh, heart, and soul. Ray Bradbury , Something Wicked This Way Comes (1962), p. 145 At the center of religion is love. I love you and I forgive you. I am like you and you are like me. I love all people. I love the world. I love creating. Everything in our life should be based on love. Ray Bradbury , as quoted in "Sci-fi legend "Ray Bradbury on God, 'monsters and angels'" by John Blake, CNN : Living (2 August 2010) , p. 1 In that film Love Story, there’s a line, “Love means never having to say you’re sorry.” That’s the dumbest thing I ever heard. Love means saying you’re sorry every day for some little thing or other. I love hiccups and I love sneezes and I love blinks and I love belches and I love gluttons. I love hair. I love bears. For me, the round. For me, the world. Giannina Braschi in "Empire of Dreams" (1988) War is like love, it always finds a way. Bertolt Brecht , Mother Courage and Her Children (1939), The Chaplain, in Scene 6, p. 76 Duty makes us do things well, but love makes us do them beautifully. Phillips Brooks , as quoted in Primary Education (1916) by Elizabeth Peabody, p. 190 There is musick, even in the beauty and the silent note which Cupid strikes, far sweeter than the sound of an instrument. Sir Thomas Browne , Religio Medici (1642), Part II, Section IX If thou must love me, let it be for nought Except for love's sake only. Do not say "I love her for her smile — her look — her way Of speaking gently, — for a trick of thought That falls in well with mine, and certes brought A sense of pleasant ease on such a day" — For these things in themselves, Beloved, may Be changed, or change for thee, — and love, so wrought, May be unwrought so. Neither love me for Thine own dear pity's wiping my cheeks dry, — A creature might forget to weep, who fbore Thy comfort long, and lose thy love thereby! But love me for love's sake, that evermore Thou may'st love on, through love's eternity. How do I love thee? Let me count the ways. I love thee to the depth and breadth and height My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight For the ends of Being and ideal Grace. I love thee to the level of everyday's Most quiet need, by sun and candlelight. I love thee freely, as men strive for Right; I love thee purely, as they turn from Praise. I love thee with the passion put to use In my old griefs, and with my childhood's faith. I love thee with a love I seemed to lose With my lost saints,—I love thee with the breath, Smiles, tears, of all my life! —and, if God choose, I shall but love thee better after death. Elizabeth Barrett Browning , Sonnets from the Portuguese, No. XLIII Whoever lives true life, will love true love. Elizabeth Barrett Browning , Aurora Leigh (1856), Book I, line 1,096 I would not be a rose upon the wall A queen might stop at, near the palace-door, To say to a courtier, "Pluck that rose for me, It's prettier than the rest." O Romney Leigh! I'd rather far be trodden by his foot, Than lie in a great queen's bosom. Elizabeth Barrett Browning , Aurora Leigh (1856), Book IV But I love you, sir: And when a woman says she loves a man, The man must hear her, though he love her not. Elizabeth Barrett Browning , Aurora Leigh (1856), Book IX The game of love is whatever you make it to be. Michelle Branch , "The Game of Love" (September 2002), by Santana, Shaman For life, with all it yields of joy and woe, And hope and fear (believe the aged friend), Is just our chance o' the prize of learning love,— How love might be, hath been indeed, and is. Robert Browning , A Death in the Desert (1864) Le temps, qui fortifie les amitiés, affaiblit l'amour. Time, which strengthens friendship, weakens love. Jean de La Bruyère , Du Coeur, ["Of the Heart" also translated as "Of the Affections"], Aphorism 4 L'amour qui naît subitement est le plus long à guérir. Sudden love takes the longest time to be cured. Jean de La Bruyère , Du Coeur, ["Of the Heart" also translated as "Of the Affections"], Aphorism 13 Le commencement et le déclin de l'amour se font sentir par l'embarras où l'on est de se trouver seuls. We can recognize the dawn and the decline of love by the uneasiness we feel when alone together. Jean de La Bruyère , Du Coeur, ["Of the Heart" also translated as "Of the Affections"], Aphorism 33 L'on veut faire tout le bonheur, ou si cela ne se peut ainsi, tout le malheur de ce qu'on aime. One seeks to make the loved one entirely happy, or, if that cannot be, entirely wretched. Jean de La Bruyère , Du Coeur, ["Of the Heart" also translated as "Of the Affections"], Aphorism 39 Regretter ce que l'on aime est un bien, en comparaison de vivre avec ce que l'on hait. Grief at the absence of a loved one is happiness compared to life with a person one hates. Jean de La Bruyère , Du Coeur, ["Of the Heart" also translated as "Of the Affections"], Aphorism 40 Loveliest of lovely things are they, On earth, that soonest pass away. The rose that lives its little hour Is prized beyond the sculptured flower. I shall concern myself anew about the boundary Between the love- deed -Yes and the power -deed-No And pressing forward honor reality . We cannot avoid Martin Buber , in "Power and Love" (1926) Hatred has never stopped hatred. Only love stops hate. This is the eternal law. Just as a mother with her own life Protects her child, her only child, from harm, So within yourself let grow A boundless love for all creatures. Let your love flow outward through the universe, To its height, its depth, its broad extent, A limitless love, without hatred or enmity. Then as you stand or walk, Sit or lie down, As long as you are awake, Strive for this with a one-pointed mind; Your life will bring heaven to earth. Buddha Discourse on Goodwill, From the Metta Sutta , part of the Sutta Nipata, a collection of dialogues with the Buddha said to be among the oldest parts of the Pali Buddhist canon Some prices are just too high, no matter how much you may want the prize. The one thing you can't trade for your heart's desire is your heart. Lois McMaster Bujold , Memory (1996) Love is the greatest advantage a parent can give. Love. What is it? Most natural painkiller what there is. LOVE. William S. Burroughs , Last Words: The Final Journals of William S. Burroughs (2000) And this is that Homer's golden chain, which reacheth down from heaven to earth, by which every creature is annexed, and depends on his Creator. Robert Burton , The Anatomy of Melancholy (1621), Part III, Section 1. Memb. 1. Subsec. 7 No cord nor cable can so forcibly draw, or hold so fast, as love can do with a twined thread. Robert Burton , The Anatomy of Melancholy (1621), Part III, Section 2. Memb. 1. Subsec. 2 The falling out of lovers is the renewing of love. Robert Burton , The Anatomy of Melancholy (1621), Part III, Section 2. Terence—Andria, III. 23 To love is to risk not being loved in return. To hope is to risk pain . To try is to risk failure , but risks must be taken, because the greatest hazard in life is to risk nothing . Leo Buscaglia , Living, Loving, and Learning (1985) A life of love is one of continual growth , where the doors and windows of experience are always open to the wonder and magic that life offers. To love is to risk living fully. Kate Bush , The Dreaming (1982), All The Love Only tragedy allows the release Of love and grief never normally seen. I didn't want to let them see me weep, I didn't want to let them see me weak, But I know I have shown That I stand at the gates alone. Kate Bush , The Dreaming (1982), All The Love I needed you Kate Bush , The Dreaming (1982), All The Love All the love, all the love, All the love we should have given. All the love, all the love, All the love you could have given. All the love... Kate Bush , The Dreaming (1982), All The Love Do you know what I really need? I need love love love love love, yeah! Kate Bush , Hounds of Love (1985), Hounds of Love The light D'you know what? I love you better now. Kate Bush , Hounds of Love (1985), side two of the album called The Ninth Wave, song The Morning Fog We let it in But now we see that life is sad And so is love. Excuse me I'm sorry to bother you, But don't I know you? There's just something about you. Haven't we met before? Kate Bush , 50 Words for Snow (2011), Snowed In at Wheeler Street There's someone who's loved you forever but you don't know it. You might feel it and just not show it. Only the fools blew it. You and me Kate Bush , Never for Ever (1980), Breathing It is love that alone gives life, and the truest life is that which we live not in ourselves but vicariously in others, and with which we have no concern. Our concern is so to order ourselves that we may be of the number of them that enter into life — although we know it not. Samuel Butler , Ramblings In Cheapside (1890), First published in Universal Review (December 1890) To live is like to love — all reason is against it, and all healthy instinct for it. Samuel Butler , The Note-Books of Samuel Butler (1912), Part XIV - Higgledy-Piggledy, Life and Love A pair of lovers are like sunset and sunrise: there are such things every day but we very seldom see them., Chapter 11. Love in your hearts as idly burns As fire in antique Roman urns. Samuel Butler , Hudibras, Part II (1664), Canto I Love is a boy by poets styl'd: Then spare the rod and spoil the child. Samuel Butler , Hudibras, Part II (1664), Canto I, line 843 What mad lover ever dy'd, To gain a soft and gentle bride? Or for a lady tender-hearted, In purling streams or hemp departed? Samuel Butler , Hudibras, Part III (1678), Canto I Oh Love! young Love! bound in thy rosy band, Let sage or cynic prattle as he will, These hours, and only these, redeem Life's years of ill. Lord Byron , Childe Harold's Pilgrimage , Canto II (1812), Stanza 81 The cold in clime are cold in blood, Their love can scarce deserve the name. Lord Byron , The Giaour (1813), line 1,099 Yes, Love indeed is light from heaven; A spark of that immortal fire With angels shared, by Allah given To lift from earth our low desire. Lord Byron , The Giaour (1813), line 1,131 Why did she love him? Curious fool!—be still— Is human love the growth of human will? Lord Byron , Lara, A Tale (1814), Canto II, Stanza 22 And to his eye There was but one beloved face on earth, And that was shining on him. Lord Byron , The Dream (1816), Stanza 2 She knew she was by him beloved,—she knew For quickly comes such knowledge, that his heart Was darken'd with her shadow. Lord Byron , The Dream (1816), Stanza 3 Who loves, raves—'tis youth's frenzy—but the cure Is bitterer still. Lord Byron , Childe Harold's Pilgrimage , Canto IV (1818), Stanza 123 O! that the Desert were my dwelling place, With one fair Spirit for my minister, That I might all forget the human race, And, hating no one, love but only her! Lord Byron , Childe Harold's Pilgrimage , Canto IV (1818), Stanza 177 Man's love is of man's life a thing apart, 'Tis woman's whole existence: man may range The court, camp, church, the vessel, and the mart, Sword, gown, gain, glory, offer in exchange Pride, fame, ambition, to fill up his heart, And few there are whom these cannot estrange; Men have all these resources, we but one, To love again, and be again undone. Lord Byron , Don Juan (1818-24), Canto I, Stanza 194 Alas! the love of women! it is known To be a lovely and a fearful thing. Lord Byron , Don Juan (1818-24), Canto II, Stanza 199 In her first passion woman loves her lover; In all the others, all she loves is love. Lord Byron , Don Juan (1818-24), Canto III, Stanza 3. La Rochefoucauld. Maxims. No. 497 All I have is my love of love and love is not loving. C[ edit ] For want of time and thought, people have to love one another without knowing it. ~ Albert Camus Isn't everything we do in life a way to be loved a little more? ~ "Celine" (played by Julie Delpy ) in Before Sunrise (1995) Driven by the forces of love, the fragments of the world seek each other so that the world may come into being. ~ Pierre Teilhard de Chardin If love means to possess someone or something, then that is not real love, not pure love. If loves means to give oneself, to become one with everything and everyone, then that is real love. Real love is total oneness with the object loved and with the Possessor of love. ~ Sri Chinmoy Do not judge but love and be loved, if you want to be really happy. ~ Sri Chinmoy Life is nothing but the expansion of love. ~ Sri Chinmoy There's just this human heart . That's built with this human fault. What was your question? Love is the answer. ~ Annie Clark (St. Vincent) The light came through the window, Straight from the sun above, And so inside my little room There plunged the rays of Love. ~ Leonard Cohen I am not the one who loves — It's love that chooses me. ~ Leonard Cohen Be loving, and you will never want for love; be humble, and you will never want for guiding. - Dinah Craik When faith and hope fail , as they do sometimes, we must try charity , which is love in action . - Dinah Craik Where there is the greatest love, there are always miracles. - Willa Cather Love is the force that transforms and improves the Soul of the World.… It is we who nourish the Soul of the World, and the world we live in will be either better or worse, depending on whether we become better or worse. ~ Paulo Coelho We must never forget that spiritual experience is above all a practical experience of love. And with love, there are no rules. ~ Paulo Coelho The moment we begin to seek love, love begins to seek us. And to save us. ~ Paulo Coelho Love is the only thing that will save us, independent of any mistakes we may make. Love is always stronger. ~ Paulo Coelho Love simply is. … Love and don't ask too many questions. Just love. ~ Paulo Coelho In love, no one can harm anyone else; we are each of us responsible for our own feelings and cannot blame someone else for what we feel. [...] That is the true experience of freedom: having the most important thing in the world without owning it. ~ Paulo Coelho Love ain't no walk in the park All you can do is make the best of it now [...] Just know that you're not in this thing alone There's always a place in me that you can call home. ~ Cheryl Cole All thoughts, all passions, all delights, Whatever stirs this mortal frame, All are but ministers of Love, And feed his sacred flame. ~ Samuel Taylor Coleridge In many ways doth the full heart reveal The presence of the love it would conceal. ~ Samuel Taylor Coleridge Love's for a lifetime not for a moment. - The Corrs Please believe me when I say This time I won't run away I swear by all the heaven's stars above Now that I've found you I'm looking in the eyes of love. Love is the every only god. ~ E. E. Cummings the axis of the universe Sad hours and glad hours, and all hours, pass over; One thing unshaken stays: Life , that hath Death for spouse, hath Chance for lover; Whereby decays Each thing save one thing: — mid this strife diurnal Of hourly change begot, Love that is God -born, bides as God eternal , And changes not; — Nor means a tinseled dream pursuing lovers Find altered by-and-bye, When, with possession, time anon discovers Trapped dreams must die, — For he that visions God, of mankind gathers One manlike trait alone, And reverently imputes to Him a father's Love for his son. James Branch Cabell , The Certain Hour (1916), "To Robert Gamble Cabell II: In Dedication of The Certain Hour" What really matters is that there is so much faith and love and kindliness which we can share with and provoke in others, and that by cleanly, simple, generous living we approach perfection in the highest and most lovely of all arts. . . . But you, I think, have always comprehended this. James Branch Cabell , The Certain Hour (1916), "Auctorial Induction" Love, I take it, must look toward something not quite accessible, something not quite understood. James Branch Cabell , The Cream of the Jest (1917), Horvendile, in Ch. 2 : Introduces the Ageless Woman There is no gift more great than love. James Branch Cabell , The Silver Stallion (1926), Morvyth, in Book Two : The Mathematics of Gonfal, Ch. X : Relative to Gonfal's Head One can give without loving, but one cannot love without giving Amy Carmichael A Chance to Die.The life and Legacy of Amy Carmichael, Elisabeth Elliot, Revell, 1987 Love is the substance of all life. Everything is connected in love, absolutely everything. Julia Cameron , Blessings : Prayers and Declarations for a Heartful Life (1998) When I listen to love, I am listening to my true nature. When I express love, I am expressing my true nature. All of us love. All of us do it more and more perfectly. The past has brought us both ashes and diamonds. In the present we find the flowers of what we've planted and the seeds of what we are becoming. I plant the seeds of love in my heart. I plant the seeds of love in the hearts of others. Julia Cameron , Blessings : Prayers and Declarations for a Heartful Life (1998) The growth of one blesses all. I am commited to grow in love. All that I touch, I leave in love. I move through this world consciously and creatively. Julia Cameron , Blessings : Prayers and Declarations for a Heartful Life (1998) Love is not love if it compelled by reason and driven by logic — love exists in spite of those things, not because of them. It is a emotion which needs no fuel to fire it or oxygen to feed it; if you have to look for the why, then stop looking; it was never there at all. Julia Cameron , Blessings : Prayers and Declarations for a Heartful Life (1998) Amor é um fogo que arde sem se ver, É ferida que dói, e não se sente; É um contentamento descontente, É dor que desatina sem doer. É um não querer mais que bem querer; É um andar solitário entre a gente; É nunca contentar-se de contente; É um cuidar que ganha em se perder. É querer estar preso por vontade; É servir a quem vence, o vencedor; É ter com quem nos mata, lealdade. Mas como causar pode seu favor Nos corações humanos amizade, Se tão contrário a si é o mesmo Amor? Love is a ﬁre that burns, but is never seen; a wound that hurts, but is never perceived; a pleasure that starts a pain that’s unrelieved; a pain that maddens without any pain; a serene desire for nothing, but wishing her only the best; a lonely passage through the crowd; the resentment of never being content with one’s contentment; a caring that gains only when losing; an obsessed desire to be bound, for love, in jail; a capitulation to the one you’ve conquered yourself; a devotion to your own assassin every single day. So how can Love conform, without fail, every captive human heart, if Love itself is so contradictory in every possible way? Luís de Camões , Amor é fogo que arde sem se ver , translated by William Baer Nous nous trompons toujours deux fois sur ceux que nous aimons: d`abord à leur avantage, puis à leur désavantage. We always deceive ourselves twice about the people we love — first to their advantage, then to their disadvantage. Albert Camus , quoted in Robertson, Connie (1998). ""Camus, Albert 1913–1960" . The Wordsworth Dictionary of Quotations. Wordsworth Editions. pp. page 73. ISBN 185326489X . There is not love of life without despair about life. Albert Camus , Preface, Lyrical and Critical Essays (1970) There can be no true goodness, nor true love, without the utmost clear-sightedness. Orson Scott Card in Homebody (1998) For love is ever the beginning of Knowledge , as fire is of light. Thomas Carlyle , Essays, Death of Goethe. Quote reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 419-23 True love is not the helpless desire to possess the cherished object of one's fervent affection; true love is the disciplined generosity we require of ourselves for the sake of another when we would rather be selfish; that, at least, is how I have taught myself to love my wife. Stephen L. Carter , The Emperor of Ocean Park Ch. 17, The Brass Ring, IV (2002) Where there is the greatest love, there are always miracles. I have often had occasion to observe, that a warm blundering man does more for the world than a frigid wise man. Richard Cecil , reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 394 Isn't everything we do in life a way to be loved a little more? "Celine" (played by Julie Delpy ), in Before Sunrise (1995) “Love the others and you will be loved!” is a saying that might sound as a terrible and unjust accusation against all the innocents that have been hated and perhaps even tortured and killed . Fausto Cercignani in: Brian Morris, Simply Transcribed. Quotations from Writings by Fausto Cercignani, 2014, quote 58 There's no love lost between us. Miguel de Cervantes , Don Quixote (1605-15), Book IV, Chapter 13. Also used by Henry Fielding , Grub Street, Act I, scene 4; David Garrick , Correspondence (1759); Oliver Goldsmith , She Stoops to Conquer (1771), Act IV. Ben Jonson , Every Man Out of His Humour, Act II, scene 1. Alain-René Lesage , Gil Blas (1715-1735), Book IX, Chapter VII, as translated by Tobias Smollett Driven by the forces of love, the fragments of the world seek each other so that the world may come into being. Pierre Teilhard de Chardin , The Phenomenon of Man 1955, p. 264 Each one gave the other the only assistance one man can expect from another: that his friend support him and ask only that he remain himself. It is no great accomplishment to take people as they are, and we must always do so eventually, but to wish them to be as they are, that is a genuine love. Émile Chartier , Alain On Happiness (1973), Poets The Bible tells us to love our neighbors, and also to love our enemies; probably because they are generally the same people. G. K. Chesterton , Illustrated London News (16 July 1910) Try not to change the world. You will fail. Try to love the world. Lo, the world is changed. Changed forever. Sri Chinmoy , Meditations: Food For The Soul (1970), August 31 What is love? From the spiritual and inner point of view, love is self-expansion. Human love binds and is bound. Divine Love expands, enlarges itself. Sri Chinmoy , My Rose Petals (1971) First of all, let us try to know what love is. If love means to possess someone or something, then that is not real love, not pure love. If loves means to give oneself, to become one with everything and everyone, then that is real love. Real love is total oneness with the object loved and with the Possessor of love. Sri Chinmoy , Rainbow-Flowers (1973) Where love is thick, faults are thin. If you really love someone, then it is difficult to find fault with him. His faults seem negligible, for love means oneness. Sri Chinmoy , Fifty Freedom-Boats To One Golden Shore (1974), Citation- ffb-132, Part 4 Love the world. Otherwise, you will be forced to carry the heaviest load: your own bitter self. Sri Chinmoy , Ten Thousand Flower Flames Part 1-100 (1979), #1908, Part 20 Hatred is a disguised form of love. You can only hate someone whom you really wish to love, because if you were totally indifferent to that person, you could not even get up enough energy to hate him. Sri Chinmoy , The Wings of Joy (1997) If you really want to love humanity, then you have to love humanity as it is now. Sri Chinmoy , The Wings of Joy (1997) Life is nothing but the expansion of love. We can cultivate divine love by entering into the Source. The Source is God, who is all Love. Sri Chinmoy , The Wings of Joy (1997) Man is by nature a lover. Only he has yet to discover the real thing to love. This quest awakens him to the fulfillment of his real Self. Sri Chinmoy , The Wings of Joy (1997) Is the world so unbearable? No! What we need is only a little more love for the world. Sri Chinmoy , Seventy Seven Thousand Service-Trees series 1-50 (1998), #4386, Part 5 Love is something that never cared to learn how to judge anybody. Sri Chinmoy , Seventy Seven Thousand Service-Trees series 1-50 (1998),#7310, Part 8 Instead of creating a reason why you cannot love the world, try to create a reason why you should and must love the world. Sri Chinmoy , Seventy Seven Thousand Service-Trees series 1-50 (1998), #14550, Part 15 World-peace can be achieved when the power of love replaces the love of power. Sri Chinmoy , Words of Wisdom (2010) Do not judge but love and be loved, if you want to be really happy. Sri Chinmoy , Words of Wisdom (2010) Love is a special word, and I use it only when I mean it. You say the word too much and it becomes cheap. Ray Charles , Brother Ray : Ray Charles' Own Story (1978) by Ray Charles and David Ritz, (2003 edition), For the Love of Women, p. 239 "There have been women I have loved … A lot, as discreetly as possible." Jacques Chirac , undated, quoted in "'Affair' story will continue to rumble" Christian Fraser, BBC News, 14 January 2014 So mourn'd the dame of Ephesus her love. Colley Cibber , Richard III (1700), Act II; altered from Shakespeare What have I done? What horrid crime committed? To me the worst of crimes—outliv'd my liking. Colley Cibber , Richard III (1700), Act III, scene 2; altered from Shakespeare There are no signs , There are no stars aligned, No amulets no charms, There's just this human heart . That's built with this human fault. What was your question? Annie Clark (St. Vincent) , in "All My Stars Aligned" on Marry Me (2007) Years! Years, ye shall mix with me! Ye shall grow a part Of the laughing Sea ; Fair, cold, and faithless wert thou, my own! For that I love There is naught can show A life so trustless! Proud be thy crown! Ruthless, like none, save the Sea, alone! Voltairine de Cleyre , "The Dirge of the Sea" (April 1891) And sometimes when I am weary, When the path is thorny and Wild, I'll look back to the Eyes in the twilight, Back to the eyes that smiled. And pray that a wreath like a rainbow May slip from the beautiful past, And Crown me again with the sweet, strong love And keep me, and hold me fast. Voltairine de Cleyre , And Thou Too (1888) The wise are wise only because they love. Paulo Coelho , As quoted in Elders on Love: Dialogues on the Consciousness, Cultivation, and Expression of Love (1999) by Kenneth R. Lakritz and Thomas M. Knoblauch Unsourced variant: The wise are wise only because they love. The fools are fools only because they think they can understand love. One is loved because one is loved. No reason is needed for loving. Paulo Coelho , The Alchemist , p. 128 Love is the force that transforms and improves the Soul of the World. … It is we who nourish the Soul of the World, and the world we live in will be either better or worse, depending on whether we become better or worse. And that's where the power of love comes in. Because when we love, we always strive to become better than we are. Paulo Coelho , By The River Piedra I Sat Down and Wept (1994) As translated by Alan R. Clarke (1996) The gods throw the dice, and they don't ask whether we want to be in the game or not. They don't care if when you go, you leave behind a lover, a home, a career, or a dream. The gods don't care whether you have it all, whether it seems that your every desire can be met through hard work and persistence. The gods don't want to know about your plans and your hopes. Somewhere they're throwing the dice — and you are chosen. From then on, winning or losing is only a question of luck. The gods throw the dice, freeing love from its cage. And love can create or destroy — depending on the direction of the wind when it is set free. Paulo Coelho , By The River Piedra I Sat Down and Wept (1994) Love is always new. Regardless of whether we love once, twice, or a dozen times in our life, we always face a brand-new situation. Love can consign us to hell or to paradise, but it always takes us somewhere. We simply have to accept it, because it is what nourishes our existence. If we reject it, we die of hunger, because we lack the courage to reach out a hand and pluck the fruit from the branches of the tree of life. We have to take love where we find it, even if it means hours, days, weeks of disappointment and sadness. The moment we begin to seek love, love begins to seek us. And to save us. Paulo Coelho , By The River Piedra I Sat Down and Wept (1994) I am going to sit here with you by the river. If you go home to sleep, I will sleep in front of your house. And if you go away, I will follow you — until you tell me to go away. Then I'll leave. But I have to love you for the rest of my life. Paulo Coelho , By The River Piedra I Sat Down and Wept (1994) Love is much like a dam: if you allow a tiny crack to form through which only a trickle of water can pass, that trickle will quickly bring down the whole structure, and soon no one will be able to control the force of the current. For when those walls come down, then love takes over, and it no longer matters what is possible or impossible; it doesn't even matter whether we can keep the loved one at our side. To love is to lose control. Paulo Coelho , By The River Piedra I Sat Down and Wept (1994) When we meet someone and fall in love, we have a sense that the whole universe is on our side. And yet if something goes wrong, there is nothing left! How is it possible for the beauty that was there only minutes before to vanish so quickly? Life moves very fast. It rushes from heaven to hell in a matter of seconds. Paulo Coelho , Eleven Minutes (2003), page 9 My aim is to understand love. I know how alive I felt when I was in love, and I know that everything I have now, however interesting it might seem, doesn't really excited me. But love is a terrible thing: I've seen my girlfriends suffer and I don't want the same thing to happen to me. … Although my aim is to understand love, and although I suffer to think of people to whom I gave my heart, I see that those who touched my heart failed to arouse my body, and that those who aroused my body failed to touch my heart. Paulo Coelho , Eleven Minutes (2003), Maria's diary entry at the age of 17, p. 16 In love, no one can harm anyone else; we are each of us responsible for our own feelings and cannot blame someone else for what we feel. It hurt when I lost each of the various men I fell in love with. Now, though, I am convinced that no one loses anyone, because no one owns anyone. That is the true experience of freedom: having the most important thing in the world without owning it. Paulo Coelho , Eleven Minutes (2003), p. 90 Anyone who is in love is making love the whole time, even when they're not. When two bodies meet, it is just the cup overflowing. They can stay together for hours, even days. They begin the dance one day and finish it the next, or — such is the pleasure they experience — they may never finish it. No eleven minutes for them. Paulo Coelho , Aleph (2011) No one can learn to love by following a manual, and no one can learn to write by following a course. I’m not telling you to seek out other writers but to find people with different skills from yourself, because writing is no different from any other activity done with joy and enthusiasm. Paulo Coelho , Aleph (2011) I love you like a river that creates the right conditions for trees and bushes and flowers to flourish along its banks. I love you like a river that gives water to the thirsty and takes people where they want to go. Paulo Coelho , Aleph (2011) I love you like a river that understands that it must learn to flow differently over waterfalls and to rest in the shallows. I love you because we are all born in the same place, at the same source, which keeps us provided with a constant supply of water. And so, when we feel weak, all we have to do is wait a little. The spring returns, and the winter snows melt and fill us with new energy. Paulo Coelho , Aleph (2011) I receive your love, and I give you mine. Not the love of a man for a woman, not the love of a father for a child, not the love of God for his creatures, but a love with no name and no explanation, like a river that cannot explain why it follows a particular course but simply flows onward. A love that asks for nothing and gives nothing in return; it is simply there. I will never be yours, and you will never be mine; nevertheless, I can honestly say: I love you, I love you, I love you. Paulo Coelho , Aleph (2011) What is a saint? A saint is someone who has achieved a remote human possibility. It is impossible to say what that possibility is. I think it has something to do with the energy of love. Contact with this energy results in the exercise of a kind of balance in the chaos of existence. A saint does not dissolve the chaos; if he did the world would have changed long ago. I do not think that a saint dissolves the chaos even for himself, for there is something arrogant and warlike in the notion of a man setting the universe in order. It is a kind of balance that is his glory. He rides the drifts like an escaped ski. His course is the caress of the hill. His track is a drawing of the snow in a moment of its particular arrangement with wind and rock. Something in him so loves the world that he gives himself to the laws of gravity and chance. Far from flying with the angels, he traces with the fidelity of a seismograph needle the state of the solid bloody landscape. His house is dangerous and finite, but he is at home in the world. He can love the shape of human beings, the fine and twisted shapes of the heart. It is good to have among us such men, such balancing monsters of love. Leonard Cohen , Beautiful Losers (1966) "You have loved enough, now let me be the lover." You could say that God is speaking to you or the cosmos, or your lover. It just means, like, Forget it. Lean back and be loved by all that is already loving you. It is your effort at love that is preventing you from experiencing it. It is like if you ever taught kids how to swim. The most difficult thing is Goddam to understand that they will float, if they relax, if they hold their breath and relax, they will actually float. For most kids it is difficult to swim. They feel they are going to sink like a stone to the bottom of the lake. Leonard Cohen , On the lyrics to "You Have Loved Enough" in an interview released at the Ten New Songs site (2001) When they lay down beside me I made my confession to them. They touched both my eyes and I touched the dew on their hem. If your life is a leaf that the seasons tear off and condemn, They will bind you with love that is graceful and green as a stem. I swept the marble chambers, But you sent me down below. You kept me from believing Until you let me know: That 'I am not the one who loves — It's love that chooses me. When hatred with his package comes, You forbid delivery. Leonard Cohen , Ten New Songs (2001), You Have Loved Enough The light came through the window, Straight from the sun above, And so inside my little room There plunged the rays of Love. In streams of light I clearly saw The dust you seldom see, Out of which the Nameless makes A Name for one like me. Woe to the man whose heart has not learned while young to hope, to love — and to put its trust in life!! Joseph Conrad , Victory: An Island Tale, part IV, chap. 14 Anything that's worth havin' Sure enough worth fighting for Quittin's out of the question When it gets tough, gotta fight some more [...] We gotta fight, fight, fight, fight, fight for this love If its woth having, it's worth fightin for Now everyday ain't gonna be no picnic Love ain't no walk in the park All you can do is make the best of it now Can't be afraid of the dark Just know that you're not in this thing alone There's always a place in me that you can call home. All thoughts, all passions, all delights, Whatever stirs this mortal frame, All are but ministers of Love, And feed his sacred flame. And in Life's noisiest hour, There whispers still the ceaseless Love of Thee, The heart's Self-solace and soliloquy. You mould my Hopes, you fashion me within. And looking to the Heaven, that bends above you, How oft! I bless the Lot, that made me love you. Samuel Taylor Coleridge , The Presence of Love (1807), lines 10-11 Flowers are lovely; love is flower-like; Friendship is a sheltering tree; Oh the joys that came down shower-like, Of friendship, love, and liberty, Ere I was old! In many ways doth the full heart reveal The presence of the love it would conceal. Samuel Taylor Coleridge , Poems Written in Later Life, motto (1826) * I am dying, but without expectation of a speedy release. Is it not strange that very recently by-gone images, and scenes of early life, have stolen into my mind, like breezes blown from the spice-islands of Youth and Hope — those twin realities of this phantom world! I do not add Love, — for what is Love but Youth and Hope embracing, and so seen as one? I say realities; for reality is a thing of degrees, from the Iliad to a dream. To know, to esteem, to love, and then to part, Makes up life's tale to many a feeling heart! Samuel Taylor Coleridge ,'Bartlett's Familiar Quotations, 10th ed. (1919), On taking Leave of ———— (1817) I have heard of reasons manifold Why Love must needs be blind, But this the best of all I hold,— His eyes are in his mind. Samuel Taylor Coleridge , Bartlett's Familiar Quotations, 10th ed. (1919), To a Lady, Offended by a Sportive Observation Farewell, farewell! but this I tell To thee, thou Wedding-Guest! He prayeth well, who loveth well Both man and bird and beast. He prayeth best, who loveth best All things both great and small; For the dear God who loveth us, He made and loveth all. Our love is principle, and has its root In reason, is judicious, manly, free. William Cowper , The Task (1785), Book V, line 353 Be loving, and you will never want for love; be humble, and you will never want for guiding. Dinah Craik , reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 394 When faith and hope fail , as they do sometimes, we must try charity , which is love in action . We must speculate no more on our duty , but simply do it. When we have done it, however blindly, perhaps Heaven will show us why. Dinah Craik , Christian's Mistake (1865). p. 64 Mine to the core of the heart, my beauty! Mine, all mine, and for love, not duty: Love given willingly, full and free, Love for love's sake — as mine to thee. Duty's a slave that keeps the keys, But Love, the master, goes in and out Of his goodly chambers with song and shout, Just as he please — just as he please. Dinah Craik , Poems (1866), "Plighted" You have to walk carefully in the beginning of love; the running across fields into your lover's arms can only come later when you're sure they won't laugh if you trip. Jonathan Samuel Carroll , Outside the Dog Museum (1991) Love's for a lifetime not for a moment. I was searching for an answer In a world so full of strangers But what I found was never really enough Now that I've found you I'm looking in the eyes of love (In the eyes of love) Baby you've been good to me Oh, so much more that you could know, yeah, yeah I never thought that I would find Someone who's so sweet and kind Like you... Please believe me when I say This time I won't run away I swear by all the heaven's stars above Now that I've found you I'm looking in the eyes of love Looking in the eyes of love... I can see forever, yeah... I can see you and me Walking in this world together Oh, my heart's found a hope... I've been dreaming of... Now that I've found you I'm looking in the eyes of love The Corrs , Looking in the Eyes of Love from the In Blue (2004) Love is the voice under all silences, the hope which has no opposite in fear; the strength so strong mere force is feebleness: the truth more first than sun, more last than star... E. E. Cummings , "being to timelessness as it's to time" (1958) and nothing quite so least as truth —i say though hate were why men breathe— because my father lived his soul love is the whole and more than all E. E. Cummings , 50 Poems (1940), Poem #34 love is the every only god E. E. Cummings , 50 Poems (1940), Poem #38 love is more thicker than forget …it is more sane and sunly and more it cannot die than all the sky which only is higher than the sky E. E. Cummings , 50 Poems (1940), Poem #42 measureless our pure living complete love whose doom is beauty and its fate to grow E. E. Cummings , 50 Poems (1940), Poem #50 'and liars kill their kind but' her,my 'love creates love only' our E. E. Cummings , 1 x 1 (1944), XXXII nothing false and possible is love (who's imagined, therefore limitless) E. E. Cummings , 1 x 1 (1944), XXXIV true lovers in each happening of their hearts live longer than all which and every who; E. E. Cummings , 1 x 1 (1944), XXXVI yes is a pleasant country… love is a deeper season than reason E. E. Cummings , 1 x 1 (1944), XXXVIII i feel that(false and true are merely to know) Love only has ever been,is,and will ever be,So E. E. Cummings , XAIPE (1950), 33 no evil is so worse than worst you fall in hate with love —human one mortally immortal i can turn immense all time's because to why E. E. Cummings , 95 poems (1958), poem #7 lovers alone wear sunlight E. E. Cummings , 95 poems (1958), poem #91 The whole truth… E. E. Cummings , 95 poems (1958), poem #91 it's love by whom (my beautiful friend) the gift to live is without until: …love was and shall be this only truth (a dream of a deed, born not to die) E. E. Cummings , 73 poems (1963), poem#4 the axis of the universe —love E. E. Cummings , 73 poems (1963), poem#73 Forget the haters 'cause somebody loves ya. Miley Cyrus , performed in the song W:We Can't Stop (2013) which is written by various songwriters D[ edit ] Love shows itself more in adversity than in prosperity ; as light does, which shines most where the place is darkest . ~ Leonardo da Vinci The mystery of poverty is that by sharing in it, making ourselves poor in giving to others, we increase our knowledge of and belief in love. ~ Dorothy Day Love alone is capable of uniting living beings in such a way as to complete and fulfill them, for it alone takes them and joins them by what is deepest in themselves. All we need is to imagine our ability to love developing until it embraces the totality of men and the earth. ~ Pierre Teilhard de Chardin A universal love is not only psychologically possible; it is the only complete and final way in which we are able to love. ~ Pierre Teilhard de Chardin At any rate, I can think of no value that I would place higher. I would not want to live in a world without love. Would a world with peace, but without love, be a better world? Not if the peace was achieved by drugging the love (and hate) out of us, or by suppression. ~ Daniel Dennett Love is the emblem of eternity; it confounds all notion of time ; effaces all memory of a beginning , all fear of an end : we fancy that we have always possessed what we love, so difficult is it to imagine how we could have lived without it. ~ Anne Louise Germaine de Staël Love is just a piece of time in the world And I couldn't help but fall in love again ~ Zooey Deschanel Pains of love be sweeter far Than all other pleasures are. ~ John Dryden Pity melts the mind to love. ~ John Dryden A song fluttered down in the form of a dove, And it bore me a message, the one word—Love! The Dove by Paul Laurence Dunbar We are all born for love. It is the principle of existence and its only end. ~ Benjamin Disraeli What is sacred? Of what is spirit made? What is worth living for? What is worth dying for? The answer to each is only love. ~ Don Juan On our earth we can only love with suffering and through suffering. ~ Fyodor Dostoevsky Love is such a priceless treasure that you can redeem the whole world by it, and cleanse not only your own sins but the sins of others. ~ Fyodor Dostoevsky The chief thing is to love others like yourself , that's the chief thing, and that's everything; nothing else is wanted — you will find out at once how to arrange it all . ~ Fyodor Dostoevsky "What is hell?" I maintain that it is the suffering of being unable to love. ~ Fyodor Dostoevsky My final lesson of history is the same as that of Jesus ... Love is the most practical thing in the world. If you take an attitude of love toward everybody you meet, you'll eventually get along. Surely goodness and loyal love will pursue me all the days of my life, And I will dwell in the house of Jehovah for all my days. He loves righteousness and justice . The earth is filled with Jehovah ’s loyal love. For you, O Jehovah , are good and ready to forgive; You abound in loyal love for all those who call on you. David , Psalm 86:5 , NWT Love, Fear , and Esteem, — Write these on three stones. Leonardo da Vinci , The Notebooks of Leonardo Da Vinci (1938), X Studies and Sketches for Pictures and Decorations, "Of servants", as translated by Edward MacCurdy The acquisition of any knowledge is always of use to the intellect, because it may thus drive out useless things and retain the good. For nothing can be loved or hated unless it is first known. Leonardo da Vinci , The Notebooks of Leonardo Da Vinci (1938), XIX Philosophical Maxims. Morals. Polemics and Speculations, as translated by Edward MacCurdy The lover is moved by the beloved object as the senses are by sensual objects; and they unite and become one and the same thing. The work is the first thing born of this union; if the thing loved is base the lover becomes base. Leonardo da Vinci , The Notebooks of Leonardo Da Vinci (1938), XIX Philosophical Maxims. Morals. Polemics and Speculations, as translated by Edward MacCurdy When that which loves is united to the thing beloved it can rest there; when the burden is laid down it finds rest there. There will be eternal fame also for the inhabitants of that town, constructed and enlarged by him. Leonardo da Vinci , The Notebooks of Leonardo Da Vinci (1938), XIX Philosophical Maxims. Morals. Polemics and Speculations, as translated by Edward MacCurdy The Caladrius is a bird of which it is related that, when it is carried into the presence of a sick person, if the sick man is going to die, the bird turns away its head and never looks at him; but if the sick man is to be saved the bird never loses sight of him but is the cause of curing him of all his sickness. Like unto this is the love of virtue. It never looks at any vile or base thing, but rather clings always to pure and virtuous things and takes up its abode in a noble heart; as the birds do in green woods on flowery branches. And this Love shows itself more in adversity than in prosperity; as light does, which shines most where the place is darkest. Leonardo da Vinci , The Notebooks of Leonardo Da Vinci (1938), XX Humorous Writings, as translated by Edward MacCurdy L'amor che move il sole e l'altre stelle. The Love which moves the sun and the other stars. Dante Alighieri , Paradiso XXXIII, 145 Amor, ch'al cor gentil ratto s'apprende. Love, that all gentle hearts so quickly know. Dante Alighieri , Inferno, V. 100 Amor ch' a nullo amato amar perdona. Love, which insists that love shall mutual be. Dante Alighieri , Inferno, V. 103 If we seek the pleasures of love, passion should be occasional, and common sense continual. Robertson Davies , "The Pleasures of Love," in Saturday Night (23 December 1961); reprinted in The Enthusiasms of Robertson Davies (1990) Love is the emblem of eternity; it confounds all notion of time ; effaces all memory of a beginning , all fear of an end : we fancy that we have always possessed what we love, so difficult is it to imagine how we could have lived without it. Anne Louise Germaine de Staël , Corinne (1807), Bk. 8, Ch. 2, as translated by Isabel Hill (1833) Variant translation: It is certainly through love that eternity can be understood; it confuses all thoughts about time ; it destroys the ideas of beginning and end ; one thinks one has always been in love with the person one loves, so difficult is it to conceive that one could live without him. As translated by Sylvia Raphael (1998) The mystery of the poor is this: That they are Jesus, and what you do for them you do for Him. It is the only way we have of knowing and believing in our love. The mystery of poverty is that by sharing in it, making ourselves poor in giving to others, we increase our knowledge of and belief in love. Doris Day , Catholic Worker (April 1964) We are not expecting Utopia here on this earth . But God meant things to be much easier than we have made them. A man has a natural right to food, clothing, and shelter. A certain amount of goods is necessary to lead a good life. A family needs work as well as bread. Property is proper to man. We must keep repeating these things. Eternal life begins now. "All the way to heaven is heaven, because He said, "I am the Way." The cross is there, of course, but "in the cross is joy of spirit ." And love makes all things easy. Doris Day , On Pilgrimage (1948) The truth is, indeed, that love is the threshold of another universe. Pierre Teilhard de Chardin , "The Evolution of Chastity" (1934), as translated by René Hague in Toward the Future (1975) What paralyzes life is lack of faith and lack of audacity . The difficulty lies not in solving problems but expressing them. And so we cannot avoid this conclusion: it is biologically evident that to gain control of passion and so make it serve spirit must be a condition of progress. Sooner or later, then, the world will brush aside our incredulity and take this step : because whatever is the more true comes out into the open, and whatever is better is ultimately realized. The day will come when, after harnessing the ether, the winds, the tides, gravitation, we shall harness for God the energies of love. And, on that day, for the second time in the history of the world, man will have discovered fire. Pierre Teilhard de Chardin , "The Evolution of Chastity" (February 1934), as translated in Toward the Future (1975) edited by by René Hague, who also suggests "space" as an alternate translation of "the ether." Variants: "One day after mastering the winds, the waves, the tides and gravity" — after all the scientific and technological achievements — "we shall harness for God the energies of love. And then, for the second time in the history of the world, man will have discovered fire." As quoted by R. Sargent Shriver, Jr. in his speech accepting the nomination as the Democratic candidate for vice president, in Washington, D. C. (8 August 1972); this has sometimes been published as if Shriver's interjection "after all the scientific and technological achievements" were part of the original statement, as in The New York Times (9 August 1972), p. 18 What paralyzes life is lack of faith and lack of audacity. The difficulty lies not in solving problems but identifying them. As translated in The The Ignatian Tradition (2009) edited by Kevin F. Burke, Eileen Burke-Sullivan and Phyllis Zagano, p. 86 Love is the only force which can make things one without destroying them. … Some day, after mastering the winds, the waves, the tides and gravity, we shall harness for God the energies of love, and then, for the second time in the history of the world, man will have discovered fire. As quoted in Seed Sown : Theme and Reflections on the Sunday Lectionary Reading (1996) by Jay Cormier, p. 33 The day will come when, after harnessing space, the winds, the tides, gravitation, we shall harness for God the energies of love. And, on that day, for the second time in the history of the world, humanity will have discovered fire. As quoted in Fire of Love : Encountering the Holy Spirit (2006) by Donald Goergen, p. 92 The day will come when, after harnessing space, the winds, the tides, gravitation, we shall harness for God the energies of love. And, on that day, for the second time in the history of the world, man will have discovered fire. As quoted in Read for the Cure (2007) by Eileen Fanning, p. v Love alone is capable of uniting living beings in such a way as to complete and fulfill them, for it alone takes them and joins them by what is deepest in themselves. All we need is to imagine our ability to love developing until it embraces the totality of men and the earth. A universal love is not only psychologically possible; it is the only complete and final way in which we are able to love. Pierre Teilhard de Chardin , The Phenomenon of Man (1955) If there were no internal propensity to unite, even at a prodigiously rudimentary level — indeed in the molecule itself — it would be physically impossible for love to appear higher up, with us, in hominized form. . . . Driven by the forces of love, the fragments of the world seek each other so that the world may come into being. Pierre Teilhard de Chardin , The Phenomenon of Man (1955) Even sticking to the higher plane of love, is it so very obvious that you can't love more than one person? We seem to manage it with parental love (parents are reproached if they don't at least pretend to love all their children equally), love of books, of food, of wine (love of Chateau Margaux does not preclude love of a fine Hock, and we don't feel unfaithful to the red when we dally with the white), love of composers, poets, holiday beaches, friends . . . why is erotic love the one exception that everybody instantly acknowledges without even thinking about it? Richard Dawkins Banishing the Green-Eyed Monster, November 2007 I somehow see what's beautiful In things that are ephemeral I'm my only friend of mine And love is just a piece of time in the world And I couldn't help but fall in love again. Zooey Deschanel, She & Him : Volume One (2008), "I Thought I Saw Your Face Today" O-o-old habits die hard when you got, when you got a sentimental heart Piece of the puzzle, you're my missing part Oh what can you do with a sentimental heart? Zooey Deschanel, She & Him : Volume One (2008), "Sentimental Heart" Love is not a feeling to pass away Like the balmy breath of a Summer's day....... Love is not a passion of earthly mould As a thirst for honour, or fame, or gold Charles Dickens , From Lucy's Song in The Poems and Verses of Charles Dickens, Chapman & Hall, London 1903 [A] loving heart was better and stronger than wisdom... Charles Dickens , David Copperfield (1850), Chapter 9. Often quoted as "A loving heart is the truest wisdom". It has been said that love robs those who have it of their wit, and gives it to those who have none. Denis Diderot , Paradoxe sur le Comédien (1773 - 1777) Love is not enough. It must be the foundation, the cornerstone-but not the complete structure. It is much too pliable, too yielding. Bette Davis , U.S. screen actor. The Lonely Life, ch. 19 (1962) Today I begin to understand what love must be, if it exists. . . . When we are parted, we each feel the lack of the other half of ourselves. We are incomplete like a book in two volumes of which the first has been lost. That is what I imagine love to be: incompleteness in absence. Edmond de Goncourt (1822-96) and Jules de Goncourt (1830-70), French writers. The Goncourt Journals (1888-96; repr. in Pages from the Goncourt Journal , ed. by Robert Baldick, 1962), entry for 15 Nov. 1859 We are all born for love. It is the principle of existence and its only end. Benjamin Disraeli , Sybil (1845), Book V, Chapter IV The daily actions of religious people have accomplished uncounted good deeds throughout history, alleviating suffering, feeding the hungry, caring for the sick. Religions have brought the comfort of belonging and companionship to many who would otherwise have passed through this life all alone, without glory or adventure. They have not just provided first aid, in effect, for people in difficulties; they have provided the means for changing the world in ways that remove those difficulties. As Alan Wolfe says, "Religion can lead people out of cycles of poverty and dependency just as it led Moses out of Egypt". There is much for religion lovers to be proud of in their traditions, and much for all of us to be grateful for. The fact that so many people love their religions as much as, or more than, anything else in their lives is a weighty fact indeed. I am inclined to think that nothing could matter more than what people love. At any rate, I can think of no value that I would place higher. I would not want to live in a world without love. Would a world with peace, but without love, be a better world? Not if the peace was achieved by drugging the love (and hate) out of us, or by suppression. Would a world with justice and freedom, but without love, be a better world? Not if it was achieved by somehow turning us all into loveless law-abiders with none of the yearnings or envies or hatreds that are wellsprings of injustice and subjugation. It is hard to consider such hypotheticals, and I doubt if we should trust our first intuitions about them, but, for what it is worth, I surmise that we almost all want a world in which love, justice, freedom, and peace are all present, as much as possible, but if we had to give up one of these, it wouldn't — and shouldn't — be love. But, sad to say, even if it is true that nothing could matter more than love, it wouldn't follow from this that we don't have reason to question the things that we, and others, love. Love is blind, as they say, and because love is blind, it often leads to tragedy: to conflicts in which one love is pitted against another love, and something has to give, with suffering guaranteed in any resolution. Daniel Dennett , Breaking the Spell (2006) The magic of first love is our ignorance that it can ever end. Benjamin Disraeli , Henrietta Temple (1837), Book 4, chapter 1. Often misquoted as "The magic of first love is our ignorance that it can never end". It is so important for us to have faith, trust, confidence in one another. It is the only way we can communicate. Without faith there is no communication, there is no love, or if there was a little love, it will die without hope, trust, and confidence. Even if it doesn't die right away, it will be so weak, so ill, and so tired that communication will be miserable as well. Catherine Doherty , Poustinia (1975), Ch. 12 … What is hell? I maintain that it is the suffering of being unable to love. Dostoevsky, Fyodor M. (1999) [1880]. The Brothers Karamazov. Constance Garnett, translator. Signet Classic. pp. p. 312. ISBN 0451527348 . Variant: Hell is the suffering of being unable to love. A purple robe he wore, o'erwrought with gold With the device of a great snake, whose breath Was a fiery flame: which when I did behold I fell a-weeping and I cried, "Sweet youth, Tell me why, sad and sighing, thou dost rove These pleasant realms? I pray thee speak me sooth What is thy name?" He said, "My name is Love." Then straight the first did turn himself to me And cried, "He lieth, for his name is Shame, But I am Love, and I was wont to be Alone in this fair garden, till he came Unasked by night; I am true Love, I fill The hearts of boy and girl with mutual flame." Then sighing said the other, "Have thy will, "I am the Love that dare not speak its name." It's afterwards you realize that the feeling of happiness you had with a man didn't neccessarily prove that you loved him. Marguerite Duras The Chimneys of India Song, from Practicalities (1987, trans. 1990) It was the men I deceived the most that I loved the most. Marguerite Duras The Chimneys of India Song, from Practicalities (1987, trans. 1990) Love is a passion Which kindles honor into noble acts. John Dryden , reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 392 Love taught him shame, and shame with love at strife Soon taught the sweet civilities of life. John Dryden , Cymon and Iphigenia (1700), line 134 Pains of love be sweeter far Than all other pleasures are. John Dryden , Tyrannick Love (1669), Act IV, scene i My heart 's so full of joy , That I shall do some wild extravagance Of love in public, and the foolish world , Which knows not tenderness , will think me mad. John Dryden , All for Love (1678), Act II, scene i For pity melts the mind to love. Joy rul'd the day, and Love the night. John Dryden , The Secular Masque (1700), Line 82 You can't be wise and in love at the same time. Fyodor Dostoevsky , The Idiot (1868) On our earth we can only love with suffering and through suffering. We cannot love otherwise, and we know of no other sort of love. I want suffering in order to love. I long, I thirst, this very instant, to kiss with tears the earth that I have left, and I don't want, I won't accept life on any other!" Fyodor Dostoevsky , The Dream of a Ridiculous Man (1877), III Suppose that this paradise will never come to pass (that I understand ), yet I shall go on preaching it. And yet how simple it is: in one day , in one hour everything could be arranged at once! The chief thing is to love others like yourself , that's the chief thing, and that's everything; nothing else is wanted — you will find out at once how to arrange it all . And yet it's an old truth which has been told and retold a billion times — but it has not formed part of our lives! The consciousness of life is higher than life, the knowledge of the laws of happiness is higher than happiness — that is what one must contend against. And I shall. If only everyone wants it, it can be arranged at once. Fyodor Dostoevsky , The Dream of a Ridiculous Man (1877), V If you are penitent, you love. And if you love you are of God. All things are atoned for, all things are saved by love. If I, a sinner even as you are, am tender with you and have pity on you, how much more will God have pity upon you. Love is such a priceless treasure that you can redeem the whole world by it, and cleanse not only your own sins but the sins of others. Fyodor Dostoevsky , The Brothers Karamazov (1879–1880), Book II, ch. 3 (trans. Constance Garnett) "It's just the same story as a doctor once told me," observed the elder. "He was a man getting on in years, and undoubtedly clever. He spoke as frankly as you, though in jest, in bitter jest. 'I love humanity,' he said, 'but I wonder at myself. The more I love humanity in general, the less I love man in particular. In my dreams,' he said, 'I have often come to making enthusiastic schemes for the service of humanity, and perhaps I might actually have faced crucifixion if it had been suddenly necessary; and yet I am incapable of living in the same room with any one for two days together, as I know by experience. As soon as any one is near me, his personality disturbs my self-complacency and restricts my freedom. In twenty-four hours I begin to hate the best of men: one because he's too long over his dinner; another because he has a cold and keeps on blowing his nose. I become hostile to people the moment they come close to me. But it has always happened that the more I detest men individually the more ardent becomes my love for humanity.'" Fyodor Dostoevsky , The Brothers Karamazov (1879–1880), Book II, ch. 4 (trans. Constance Garnett) Brothers, have no fear of men's sin. Love a man even in his sin, for that is the semblance of Divine Love and is the highest love on earth. Love all God's creation, the whole of it and every grain of sand in it. Love every leaf, every ray of God's light. Love all God 's creation, the whole of it and every grain of sand in it. Love every leaf, every ray of God's light . Love the animals , love the plants , love everything. If you love everything, you will perceive the divine mystery in things. Once you have perceived it, you will begin to comprehend it better every day, and you will come at last to love the world with an all-embracing love. Love the animals: God has given them the rudiments of thought and untroubled joy. So do not trouble it, do not harass them, do not deprive them of their joy, do not go against God's intent. Man, do not exhale yourself above the animals: they are without sin, while you in your majesty defile the earth by your appearance on it, and you leave the traces of your defilement behind you — alas, this is true of almost every one of us! Love children especially, for like the angels they too are sinless, and they live to soften and purify our hearts, and, as it were, to guide us. Woe to him who offends a child. My young brother asked even the birds to forgive him. It may sound absurd, but it is right none the less, for everything, like the ocean, flows and enters into contact with everything else: touch one place, and you set up a movement at the other end of the world. It may be senseless to beg forgiveness of the birds, but, then, it would be easier for the birds, and for the child, and for every animal if you were yourself more pleasant than you are now. Everything is like an ocean, I tell you. Then you would pray to the birds, too, consumed by a universal love, as though in ecstasy, and ask that they, too, should forgive your sin. Treasure this ecstasy, however absurd people may think it. Fyodor Dostoevsky , The Brothers Karamazov (1879–1880), Book VI, chapter 3: "Conversations and Exhortations of Father Zossima; Of Prayer, of Love, and of Contact with other Worlds" (translated by Constance Garnett) Fathers and teachers, I ponder, "What is hell?" I maintain that it is the suffering of being unable to love. Dostoevsky (1999) [1880]. The Brothers Karamazov. Constance Garnett, translator. Signet Classic. pp. p. 312. ISBN 0451527348 . To be in love is not the same as loving. You can be in love with a woman and still hate her. Fyodor Dostoevsky , The Brothers Karamazov (1879–1880) Love one another. My final lesson of history is the same as that of Jesus . You may think that's a lot of lollipop but just try it. Love is the most practical thing in the world. If you take an attitude of love toward everybody you meet, you'll eventually get along. Will Durant , When asked, at the age of 92, if he could summarize the lessons of history into a single sentence. As quoted in "Durants on History from the Ages, with Love," by Pam Proctor, Parade (6 August 1978) p. 12. Durant is quoting Jesus (from John 13:34) here, and might also be quoting Jiddu Krishnamurti : "Love is the most practical thing in the world. To love, to be kind, not to be greedy, not to be ambitious, not to be influenced by people but to think for yourself — these are all very practical things, and they will bring about a practical, happy society." E[ edit ] Love is so exquisitely elusive. It cannot be bought, cannot be badgered, cannot be hijacked. It is available only in one rare form: as the natural response of a healthy mind and healthy heart. ~ Eknath Easwaran I believe that we don't need to worry about what happens after this life, as long as we do our duty here—to love and to serve. ~ Albert Einstein The single Rose Where all loves end ~ T. S. Eliot Can we only love Something created in our own imaginations? ~ T. S. Eliot Love is the unfamiliar Name Behind the hands that wove The intolerable shirt of flame Which human power cannot remove. ~ T. S. Eliot Love is most nearly itself When here and now cease to matter. ~ T. S. Eliot Love does not consist in gazing at each other but in looking outward together in the same direction. ~ Antoine de Saint Exupéry Love is so exquisitely elusive. It cannot be bought, cannot be badgered, cannot be hijacked. It is available only in one rare form: as the natural response of a healthy mind and healthy heart. Eknath Easwaran , Original goodness: On the beatitudes of the sermon on the mount ( 1989 ) To know me is to love me. This cliche is popular for a reason, because most of us, I imagine, believe deep in our hearts that if anyone truly got to know us, they'd truly get to love us - or at least know why we're the way we are. The problem in life, maybe the central problem, is that so few people ever seem to have sufficient curiosity to do the job on us that we know we deserve. Eric Rücker Eddison , A Fish Dinner in Memison, published 1941 Love is no ingredient in a merely speculative faith, but it is the life and soul of a practical faith... A speculative faith consists only in the assent of the understanding, but in a saving faith there is also the consent of the heart . Jonathan Edwards , Charity and Its Fruits (1738) Love is the active, working principle in all true faith. It is its very soul, without which it is dead. "Faith works by love." Jonathan Edwards , Quotes reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 396 Nothing truly valuable arises from ambition or from a mere sense of duty; it stems rather from love and devotion towards men and towards objective things. Albert Einstein , Helen Dukas and Banesh Hoffmann , Albert Einstein, The Human Side: New Glimpses From His Archives (1979), p. 46 - 30 July 47 - letter Falling in love is not at all the most stupid thing that people do — but gravitation cannot be held responsible for it. Albert Einstein , Helen Dukas and Banesh Hoffmann , Albert Einstein, The Human Side: New Glimpses From His Archives (1979), p. 56 - Jotted (in German) on the margins of a letter to him (1933). Unsourced variants: Gravitation is not responsible for people falling in love. / You can't blame gravity for falling in love. I believe that we don't need to worry about what happens after this life, as long as we do our duty here—to love and to serve. Albert Einstein , as quoted by William Hermanns Einstein and the Poet: In Search of the Cosmic Man (1983), p. 94 But is it what we love, or how we love, That makes true good? George Eliot , The Spanish Gypsy (1868), Book I 'Tis what I love determines how I love. George Eliot , The Spanish Gypsy (1868), Book I Women know no perfect love: Loving the strong, they can forsake the strong; Man clings because the being whom he loves Is weak and needs him. George Eliot , The Spanish Gypsy (1868), Book III I like not only to be loved , but also to be told that I am loved. I am not sure that you are of the same kind. But the realm of silence is large enough beyond the grave. This is the world of light and speech , and I shall take leave to tell you that you are very dear. George Eliot , Letter to Georgiana Burne-Jones, wife of the artist Edward Burne-Jones (1875) Affection is the broadest basis of a good life. George Eliot , reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 393 Lady of silences Something created in our own imaginations? Are we all in fact unloving and unloveable? Then one is alone, and if one is alone Then lover and beloved are equally unreal And the dreamer is no more real than his dreams. Only the cause and end of movement, Timeless, and undesiring Except in the aspect of time Caught in the form of limitation Between un-being and being. T. S. Eliot , Four Quartets , Burnt Norton (1935), (V) Love is most nearly itself When here and now cease to matter. Old men ought to be explorers Here or there does not matter We must be still and still moving Into another intensity For a further union, a deeper communion Through the dark cold and the empty desolation, The wave cry, the wind cry, the vast waters Of the petrel and the porpoise. T. S. Eliot , Four Quartets , East Coker (1940), (V) Who then devised the torment? Love. Love is the unfamiliar Name Behind the hands that wove The intolerable shirt of flame Which human power cannot remove. We only live, only suspire Consumed by either fire or fire. (IV) T. S. Eliot , Four Quartets ,Little Gidding (1942), (IV) Even as the Sun doth not wait for prayers and incantations to rise, but shines forth and is welcomed by all: so thou also wait not for clapping of hands and shouts and praise to do thy duty; nay, do good of thine own accord, and thou wilt be loved like the Sun. Epictetus , Fragments, Fragment xxii Let no man think that he is loved by any who loveth none. Epictetus , Fragments, Fragment xxiii L’expérience nous montre qu’aimer ce n’est point nous regarder l’un l’autre mais regarder ensemble dans la même direction. (Page 203) Life has taught us that love does not consist in gazing at each other but in looking outward together in the same direction. (Translated by Lewis Galantière in "Wind, Sand and Stars") F[ edit ] Love has no uttermost, as the stars have no number and the sea no rest. ~ Eleanor Farjeon In love there are no penalties and no payments, and what is given is indistinguishable from what is received. ~ Eleanor Farjeon The stars above will be below when man has Love. ~ Philip José Farmer Give us power , give us light To hold all love within our breast's small space. ~ Philip José Farmer Tell your son to stop trying to fill your head with science — for to fill your heart with love is enough! ~ Richard Feynman Love is the ultimate and the highest goal to which man can aspire. ~ Viktor Frankl The salvation of man is through love and in love. ~ Viktor Frankl How bold one gets when one is sure of being loved. ~ Sigmund Freud Love is an irresistible desire to be irresistibly desired. ~ Robert Frost Love is an act of faith , and whoever is of little faith is also of little love. ~ Erich Fromm If it is true , as I have tried to show, that love is the only sane and satisfactory answer to the problem of human existence, then any society which excludes, relatively, the development of love, must in the long run perish of its own contradiction with the basic necessities of human nature . ~ Erich Fromm Just as love for one individual which excludes the love for others is not love, love for one’s country which is not part of one’s love for humanity is not love, but idolatrous worship . ~ Erich Fromm Immature love says: "I love you because I need you." Mature love says: "I need you because I love you." ~ Erich Fromm Love is the only sane and satisfactory answer to the problem of human existence. ~ Erich Fromm I believe that love is the main key to open the doors to the "growth" of man. Love and union with someone or something outside of oneself, union that allows one to put oneself into relationship with others, to feel one with others, without limiting the sense of integrity and independence. Love is a productive orientation for which it is essential that there be present at the same time: concern, responsibility, and respect for and knowledge of the object of the union. ~ Erich Fromm If a person loves only one other person and is indifferent to all others, his love is not love but a symbiotic attachment, or an enlarged egotism. ~ Erich Fromm I believe that the experience of love is the most human and humanizing act that it is given to man to enjoy and that it, like reason , makes no sense if conceived in a partial way. ~ Erich Fromm Bitterness imprisons life; love releases it. Bitterness paralyzes life; love empowers it. Bitterness sours life; love sweetens it. Bitterness sickens life; love heals it. Bitterness blinds life; love anoints its eyes. ~ Harry Emerson Fosdick We're all a little weird. And life is a little weird. And when we find someone whose weirdness is compatible with ours, we join up with them and fall into mutually satisfying weirdness — and call it love — true love. ~ Robert Fulghum Old sundial, you stand here for Time : For Love, the vine that round your base Its tendrils twines, and dares to climb And lay one flower-capped spray in grace Without the asking on your cold Unsmiling and unfrowning face. Eleanor Farjeon , Pan-Worship and Other Poems (1908), Time And Love Upon your shattered ruins where This vine will flourish still, as rare, As fresh, as fragrant as of old. Love will not crumble. Eleanor Farjeon , Pan-Worship and Other Poems (1908), Time And Love Dropt tears have hastened your decay And brought you one step nigher death ; And you have heard, unthrilled, unmoved, The music of Love's golden breath And seen the light in eyes that loved. You think you hold the core and kernel Of all the world beneath your crust, Old dial? But when you lie in dust, This vine will bloom, strong, green, and proved. Love is eternal . Eleanor Farjeon , Pan-Worship and Other Poems (1908), Time And Love Every man 's life (and … every woman 's life), awaits the hour of blossoming that makes it immortal … love is a divinity above all accidents, and guards his own with extraordinary obstinacy. Eleanor Farjeon , Martin Pippin in the Apple Orchard‎ (1922) No love-story has ever been told twice. I never heard any tale of lovers that did not seem to me as new as the world on its first morning . Eleanor Farjeon , Martin Pippin in the Apple Orchard‎ (1922) I will fight for you, yes, and you will fight for me. And if you have sacrificed joy and courage and beauty and wisdom for my sake, I will give them all to you again; and yet you must also give them to me, for they are things in which without you I am wanting. But together we can make them. Eleanor Farjeon , Martin Pippin in the Apple Orchard‎ (1922) 'In love there are no penalties and no payments, and what is given is indistinguishable from what is received.' And he bent his head and kissed her long and deeply, and in that kiss neither knew themselves, or even each other, but something beyond all consciousness that was both of them. Eleanor Farjeon , Martin Pippin in the Apple Orchard‎ (1922) He loved her, both for her fault and her redemption of it, more than he had ever thought that he could love her; for he had believed that in their kiss love had reached its uttermost. But love has no uttermost, as the stars have no number and the sea no rest. Eleanor Farjeon , Martin Pippin in the Apple Orchard‎ (1922), p. 172 Women are so strangely constructed that they have in them darkness as well as light , though it be but a little curtain hung across the sun . And love is the hand that takes the curtain down, a stronger hand than fear, which hung it up. For all the ill that is in us comes from fear , and all the good from love. Eleanor Farjeon , Martin Pippin in the Apple Orchard‎ (1922), p. 174 Prometheus , I have no Titan's might, Yet I, too, must each dusk renew my heart , For daytime's vulture talons tear apart The tender alcoves built by love at night . Philip José Farmer , "In Common" in Starlanes #14 (April 1954); re-published in Pearls From Peoria (2006) One thing is sure, O comrades, that the love That fights to keep us rooted in the earth , But also urges us to dare the stars , This irresistible, this ancient power Wedged in the soul , unshakable, is the light That burns our roots and leaves us free for Space . Philip José Farmer , Sestina of the Space Rocket (1953), first published in Startling Stories (February 1953); re-published in Pearls From Peoria (2006) The way is open, comrades, free as Space Alone is free. The only gold is love, A coin that we have minted from the light Of others who have cared for us on Earth And who have deposited in us the power That nerves our nerves to seize the burning stars. Philip José Farmer , Sestina of the Space Rocket (1953), first published in Startling Stories (February 1953); re-published in Pearls From Peoria (2006) Yes, we hope to seed a new, rich earth. We hope to breed a race of men whose power Dwells in hearts as open as all Space Itself, who ask for nothing but the light That rinses the heart of hate so that the stars Above will be below when man has Love. Philip José Farmer , Sestina of the Space Rocket (1953), first published in Startling Stories (February 1953); re-published in Pearls From Peoria (2006) God , Whose hand holds stars, as we lump earth In our fingers, give us power, give us light To hold all love within our breast's small space. Philip José Farmer , Sestina of the Space Rocket (1953), first published in Startling Stories (February 1953); re-published in Pearls From Peoria (2006) They say love dies between two people. That's wrong. It doesn't die. It just leaves you, goes away, if you are not good enough, worthy enough. It doesn't die; you're the one that dies. Charlotte Rittenmeyer in William Faulkner , The Wild Palms (1939). New York: Vintage Books, 1966, p. 83 Tell your son to stop trying to fill your head with science — for to fill your heart with love is enough! Richard Feynman , Note to the mother of Marcus Chown , who had admired the profile of Feynman presented in the BBC TV Horizon program "The Pleasure of Finding Things Out" (1981). Written after Chown asked Feynman to write her a birthday note, hoping it would increase her interest in science. Photo of note published in No Ordinary Genius: The Illustrated Richard Feynman (1996), by Christopher Sykes, page 161. In a " Quantum theory via 40-tonne trucks ", The Independent (17 January 2010), and in a audio interview on BBC 4 (September 2010), Chown recalled the note as: "Ignore your son's attempts to teach you physics. Physics is not the most important thing, love is." Just one step at a time And closer to destiny I knew at a glance There'd always be a chance for me With someone I could live for Nowhere I would rather be. Is your love strong enough Like a rock in the sea? Am I asking too much? Is your love strong enough? "Is Your Love Strong Enough?" by Bryan Ferry (YouTube Video) At any rate, let us love for a while, for a year or so, you and me. That's a form of divine drunkenness that we can all try. There are only diamonds in the whole world, diamonds and perhaps the shabby gift of disillusion. F. Scott Fitzgerald , Tales of the Jazz Age (1922), "The Diamond As Big As The Ritz" All life is just a progression toward, and then a recession from, one phrase— 'I love you.' I believe that a woman should love a man for what he is, not for what she wants him to be. Weebo in film Flubber I wish I could take what I'm feeling right now and put it in the water system so everybody could drink it and we would all love each other. Jamie Foxx , at the Golden Globes ceremony (2005) I love love I love being in love I don't care what it does to me The Format , in "Inches and Failing" Masood, a young lady has fallen in love with me—at least so I judge from her letters. Awkward is it not—awkward and surprising. You would be flattered and twirl your moustache, but I am merely uncomfortable. I wish she would stop, as she is very nice, and I enjoyed being friends. What an ill constructed world this is! Love is always being given where it is not required. E. M. Forster , Selected Letters: Letter 137, to Syed Ross Masood (5 December 1914) En art comme en amour, l'instinct suffit. In art as in love, instinct is enough. Anatole France , Le Jardin d'Épicure [The Garden of Epicurus] (1894) Un conte sans amour est comme du boudin sans moutarde; c’est chose insipide. A tale without love is like beef without mustard: insipid. Anatole France , La Révolte des Anges [The Revolt of the Angels], (1914), ch. VIII Les amants qui aiment bien n'écrivent pas leur bonheur. Lovers who love truly do not write down their happiness . Anatole France , The Crime of Sylvestre Bonnard (1881), La Bûche [The Log] (30 November 1859) A thought transfixed me: for the first time in my life I saw the truth as it is set into song by so many poets , proclaimed as the final wisdom by so many thinkers. The truth — that love is the ultimate and the highest goal to which man can aspire. Then I grasped the meaning of the greatest secret that human poetry and human thought and belief have to impart: The salvation of man is through love and in love. Benjamin Franklin , Poor Richard (1755) How bold one gets when one is sure of being loved. Sigmund Freud in a letter to his fiancée Martha Bernays (27 June 1882); published in Letters of Sigmund Freud 1873-1939 (1961), 10-12 Psychoanalysis is in essence a cure through love. Sigmund Freud in a letter to Carl Jung (1906), as quoted in Freud and Man's Soul (1984) by Bruno Bettelheim ...three of life's most important areas: work, love, and taking responsibility. Sigmund Freud in From The Wolf-man and Sigmund Freud Muriel Gardiner, p. 365 (cf. books.google.com ) Towards the outside, at any rate, the ego seems to maintain clear and sharp lines of demarcation. There is only one state — admittedly an unusual state, but not one that can be stigmatized as pathological — in which it does not do this. At the height of being in love the boundary between ego and object threatens to melt away. Against all the evidence of his senses, a man who is in love declares that "I" and "you" are one, and is prepared to behave as if it were a fact. Sigmund Freud 's Civilization and Its Discontents (1929), Ch. 1, as translated by Joan Riviere (1961) It is always possible to bind together a considerable number of people in love, so long as there are other people left over to receive manifestations of their aggressiveness. Sigmund Freud 's Civilization and Its Discontents (1929), Ch. 5, as translated by James Strachey and Anna Freud (1961) Care and responsibility are constituent elements of love, but without respect for and knowledge of the beloved person, love deteriorates into domination and possessiveness. Respect is not fear and awe; it denotes, in accordance with the root of the word (respicere = to look at), the ability to see a person as he is, to be aware of his individuality and uniqueness. To respect a person is not possible without knowing him; care and responsibilty would be blind if they were not guided by the knowledge of the person's individuality. Erich Fromm , Man for Himself: An Inquiry into the Psychology of Ethics (1947), Ch. 3 In Ch. 2 of his later work The Art of Loving (1956) a similar statement is made: Respect is not fear and awe; it denotes, in accordance with the root of the word (respicere = to look at), the ability to see a person as he is, to be aware of his unique individuality. Respect, thus, implies the absence of exploitation. I want the loved person to grow and unfold for his own sake, and in his own ways, and not for the purpose of serving me. Nationalism is our form of incest, is our idolatry, is our insanity. "Patriotism” is its cult. It should hardly be necessary to say, that by "patriotism” I mean that attitude which puts the own nation above humanity, above the principles of truth and justice; not the loving interest in one’s own nation, which is the concern with the nation’s spiritual as much as with its material welfare — never with its power over other nations. Just as love for one individual which excludes the love for others is not love, love for one’s country which is not part of one’s love for humanity is not love, but idolatrous worship. Erich Fromm , The Sane Society (1955), Ch. 3: The Human Situation, Sect. C "Rootedness — Brotherliness vs. Incest” I want the loved person to grow and unfold for his own sake, and in his own ways, and not for the purpose of serving me. Erich Fromm , Art of Loving (1956) Love is an act of faith , and whoever is of little faith is also of little love. Erich Fromm , The Art of Loving (1956) Only if he [man] develops his reason and his love, if he can experience the natural and the social world in a human way, can he feel at home, secure in himself, and the master of his life. Erich Fromm , The Sane Society (1955), Ch. 4: Mental Health and Society, p. 68 Love is often nothing but a favorable exchange between two people who get the most of what they can expect, considering their value on the personality market. Erich Fromm , The Sane Society (1955), Ch. 5: Man in Capitalistic Society, p. 147 It is considered immoral to keep one "love" partner beyond a relatively short period of time. "Love" is short-lived sexual desire, which must be satisfied immediately. Erich Fromm , The Sane Society (1955), Ch. 4: Mental Health and Society, Ch. 5: Man in Capitalistic Society, p. 165 Envy , jealousy , ambition , any kind of greed are passions ; love is an action , the practice of human power , which can be practiced only in freedom and never as a result of compulsion. Love is an activity, not a passive affect; it is a "standing in," not a "falling for." In the most general way, the active character of love can be described by stating that love is primarily giving, not receiving. Erich Fromm , The Art of Loving (1956), Ch. 2 In spite of the universalistic spirit of the monotheistic Western religions and of the progressive political concepts that are expressed in the idea "that all men are created equal ," love for mankind has not become a common experience . Love for mankind is looked upon as an achievement which, at best, follows love for an individual or as an abstract concept to be realized only in the future. But love for man cannot be separated from love for one individual. To love one person productively means to be related to his human core, to him as representing mankind. Love for one individual, in so far as it is divorced from love for man, can refer only to the superficial and to the accidental; of necessity it remains shallow. Erich Fromm , The Art of Loving (1956) The spirit of a production-centered, commodity-greedy society is such that only the non-conformist can defend himself sufficiently against it. Those who are seriously concerned with love as the only rational answer to the problem of human existence must, then, arrive at the conclusion that important and radical changes in our social structure are necessary, if love is to become a social and not a highly individualistic, marginal phenomenon. Erich Fromm , The Art of Loving (1956) Our society is run by a managerial bureaucracy, by professional politicians; people are motivated by mass suggestion, their aim is producing more and consuming more, as purposes in themselves. All activities are subordinated to economic goals, means have become ends; man is an automaton — well fed, well clad, but without any ultimate concern for that which is his peculiarly human quality and function. If man is to be able to love, he must be put in his supreme place. The economic machine must serve him, rather than he serve it. He must be enabled to share experience, to share work, rather than, at best, share in profits. Society must be organized in such a way that man's social, loving nature is not separated from his social existence, but becomes one with it. If it is true, as I have tried to show, that love is the only sane and satisfactory answer to the problem of human existence, then any society which excludes, relatively, the development of love, must in the long run perish of its own contradiction with the basic necessities of human nature. Erich Fromm , The Art of Loving (1956) The portion of this statement, "Love is the only sane and satisfactory answer to the problem of human existence" has been widely quoted alone, resulting in a less reserved expression, and sometimes the portion following it has been as well: "Any society which excludes, relatively, the development of love, must in the long run perish of its own contradiction with the basic necessities of human nature." To speak of love is not "preaching," for the simple reason that it means to speak of the ultimate and real need of every human being. That this need has been obscured does not mean it does not exist. To analyze the nature of love is to discover its general absence today and to criticize the social conditions which are responsible for this absence. To have faith in the possibility of love as a social and not only exceptional-individual phenomenon, is a rational faith based on the insight into the very nature of man. Erich Fromm , The Art of Loving (1956) I believe that love is the main key to open the doors to the "growth" of man. Love and union with someone or something outside of oneself, union that allows one to put oneself into relationship with others, to feel one with others, without limiting the sense of integrity and independence. Love is a productive orientation for which it is essential that there be present at the same time: concern, responsibility, and respect for and knowledge of the object of the union. I believe that the experience of love is the most human and humanizing act that it is given to man to enjoy and that it, like reason, makes no sense if conceived in a partial way. Erich Fromm , Credo (1965) I believe that one can and must hope for a sane society that furthers man’s capacity to love his fellow men, to work and create, to develop his reason and his objectivity of a sense of himself that is based on the experience of his productive energy. I believe that one can and must hope for the collective regaining of a mental health that is characterized by the capacity to love and to create... Erich Fromm , Credo (1965) Love is an irresistible desire to be irresistibly desired. Robert Frost , as quoted in a review of A Swinger of Birches (1957) by Sydney Cox in Vermont History, Vol. 25 (1957), p. 355 Bitterness imprisons life; love releases it. Bitterness paralyzes life; love empowers it. Bitterness sours life; love sweetens it. Bitterness sickens life; love heals it. Bitterness blinds life; love anoints its eyes. Harry Emerson Fosdick , Riverside Sermons (1958), p. 100 I got love, I got so much love, love in my heart, and this feeling I can't let it go. I believe that imagination is stronger than knowledge — That myth is more potent than history . I believe that dreams are more powerful than facts — That hope always triumphs over experience — That laughter is the only cure for grief . And I believe that love is stronger than death . Robert Fulghum , "Credo" at his official website ; this may be partly influenced by remarks of Albert Einstein in "What Life Means to Einstein: An Interview by George Sylvester Viereck" The Saturday Evening Post (26 October 1929): I am enough of an artist to draw freely upon my imagination. Imagination is more important than knowledge. Knowledge is limited. Imagination encircles the world. You want my opinion ? We're all a little weird. And life is a little weird. And when we find someone whose weirdness is compatible with ours, we join up with them and fall into mutually satisfying weirdness — and call it love — true love. Robert Fulghum , True Love (1998) Love the battle between chaos and imagination . Remember: Acting is living truthfully in imaginary circumstances. Remember: Acting is the way to live the greatest number of lives. Remember: Acting is the same as real life, lived intentionally. Never forget: The Fruit is out on the end of the limb. Go there. Robert Fulghum , "Alice-Alice" in Third Wish (2006) Truth is cosmically total: synergetic . Verities are generalized principles stated in semimetaphorical terms. Verities are differentiable. But love is omniembracing, omnicoherent, and omni-inclusive, with no exceptions. Love, like synergetics, is nondifferentiable, i.e., is integral. Buckminster Fuller , Synergetics : Explorations in the Geometry of Thinking (1975) 1005.54 The highest of generalizations is the synergetic integration of truth and love. Buckminster Fuller , Synergetics : Explorations in the Geometry of Thinking (1975) 1005.56 G[ edit ] It isn't enough to love people because they're good to you, or because in some way or other you're going to get something by it. We have to love because we love loving. ~ John Galsworthy Nothing is impossible for pure love. ~ Mahatma Gandhi New beginnings and new shoots Spring again from hidden roots Pull or stab or cut or burn, Love must ever yet return. ~ Robert Graves Yesterday we obeyed kings and bent our necks before emperors. But today we kneel only to truth, follow only beauty, and obey only love. ~ Khalil Gibran All men love you for themselves. I love you for yourself. ~ Khalil Gibran Love, the strongest and deepest element in all life, the harbinger of hope, of joy, of ecstasy; love, the defier of all laws, of all conventions; love, the freest, the most powerful moulder of human destiny [...] has the magic power to make of a beggar a king. ~ Emma Goldman How long will I love you? As long as stars are above you, And longer if I may ~ Ellie Goulding At the risk of seeming ridiculous, let me say that the true revolutionary is guided by a great feeling of love. It is impossible to think of a genuine revolutionary lacking this quality. ~ Che Guevara Love and compassion are necessities , not luxuries. Without them, humanity cannot survive. ~ Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama It isn't enough to love people because they're good to you, or because in some way or other you're going to get something by it. We have to love because we love loving. John Galsworthy , A Bit O' Love (1915) Only love makes fruitful the soul. The sense of form that both had in such high degree prevented much demonstration; but to be with him, do things for him, to admire, and credit him with perfection; and, since she could not exactly wear the same clothes or speak in the same clipped, quiet, decisive voice, to dislike the clothes and voices of other men — all this was precious to her beyond everything. Car, vois-tu, chaque jour je t'aime davantage, Aujourd'hui plus qu'hier et bien moins que demain. For, you see, each day I love you more, Today more than yesterday and less than tomorrow. Rosemonde Gérard , "L'éternelle chanson", IX, Les Pipeaux; in P. Dupré, Encyclopédie des Citations (1959), p. 176 Love has power that dispels Death; charm that conquers the enemy. Khalil Gibran , "Peace", Tears and Laughter, trans. Anthony R. Ferris (1949), p. 30 Love is a universal migraine. A bright stain on the vision Blotting out reason. Robert Graves , "Symptoms of Love," lines 1-3, from More Poems (1961) New beginnings and new shoots Spring again from hidden roots Pull or stab or cut or burn, Love must ever yet return. Robert Graves , Fairies and Fusiliers (1917), "Marigolds" Lovers to-day and for all time Preserve the meaning of my rhyme: Love is not kindly nor yet grim But does to you as you to him. Robert Graves , Country Sentiment (1920), "Advice To Lovers" Then all you lovers have good heed Vex not young Love in word or deed: Love never leaves an unpaid debt, He will not pardon nor forget. Robert Graves , Country Sentiment (1920), "Advice To Lovers" Nothing is impossible for pure love. Mahatma Gandhi , An Autobiography (1927), Part I, Chapter 4, Playing the Husband When love beckons to you, follow him, Though his ways are hard and steep. Khalil Gibran , in The Prophet (1923), chapter On Love, page 11 All these things shall love do unto you that you may know the secrets of your heart, and in that knowledge become a fragment of Life's heart. Khalil Gibran , in The Prophet (1923), chapter On Love, page 12 Love gives naught but itself and takes naught but from itself. Love possesses not nor would it be possessed; For love is sufficient unto love. Khalil Gibran , in The Prophet (1923), chapter On Love, page 13 And think not you can direct the course of love, for love, if it finds you worthy, directs your course. Khalil Gibran , in The Prophet (1923), chapter On Love, page 13 Love has no other desire but to fulfill itself. But if you love and must needs have desires, let these be your desires: To melt and be like a running brook that sings its melody to the night. To know the pain of too much tenderness. To be wounded by your own understanding of love; And to bleed willingly and joyfully. To wake at dawn with a winged heart and give thanks for another day of loving; To rest at the noon hour and meditate love's ecstasy; to return home at eventide with gratitude; And then to sleep with a prayer for the beloved in your heart and a song of praise upon your lips. Khalil Gibran , in The Prophet (1923), chapter On Love, page 13 Love one another, but make not a bond of love: Let it rather be a moving sea between the shores of your souls. Fill each other’s cup, but drink not from one cup. Give one another of your bread, but eat not from the same loaf. Sing and dance together and be joyous, but let each of you be alone, Even as the strings of a lute are alone though they quiver with the same music. Give your hearts, but not into each other’s keeping. For only the hand of Life can contain your hearts. And stand together yet not too near together: For the pillars of the temple stand apart, And the oak tree and the cypress grow not in each other’s shadow. Khalil Gibran , in The Prophet (1923), chapter On Marriage, page 15 And is not time even as love is, undivided and paceless? Khalil Gibran , in The Prophet (1923), chapter On Time He stood up and looked at me even as the seasons might look down upon the field, and He smiled. And He said again: "All men love you for themselves. I love you for yourself. Love is a sacred mystery. To those who love, it remains forever wordless; But to those who do not love, it may be but a heartless jest. Khalil Gibran , Jesus, The Son of Man (1928) Yesterday we obeyed kings and bent our necks before emperors. But today we kneel only to truth, follow only beauty, and obey only love. Khalil Gibran , Chapter: Children of Gods, Scions of Apes in The Vision: Reflections on the Way of the Soul (1994), Edited by Robin H. Waterfield, translated by Juan R. I. Cole My Soul gave me good counsel, teaching me to love what the people abhor and to show good will toward the one they hate. It showed me that Love is a property not of the lover but of the beloved. Before my Soul taught me, Love was for me a delicate thread stretched between two adjacent pegs, but now it has been transformed into a halo; its first is its last, and its last is its first. It encompasses every being, slowly expanding to embrace all that ever will be. Khalil Gibran , The Vision : Reflections on the Way of the Soul (1994) edited by Robin H. Waterfield, translated by Juan R. I. Cole Love gives naught but itself and takes naught but from itself. Love possesses not nor would it be possessed; For love is sufficient unto love. Khalil Gibran , in The Prophet (1923) Love, the strongest and deepest element in all life, the harbinger of hope, of joy, of ecstasy; love, the defier of all laws, of all conventions; love, the freest, the most powerful moulder of human destiny; how can such an all-compelling force be synonymous with that poor little State and Church-begotten weed, marriage? Free love? As if love is anything but free! Man has bought brains, but all the millions in the world have failed to buy love. Man has subdued bodies, but all the power on earth has been unable to subdue love. Man has conquered whole nations, but all his armies could not conquer love. Man has chained and fettered the spirit, but he has been utterly helpless before love. High on a throne, with all the splendor and pomp his gold can command, man is yet poor and desolate, if love passes him by. And if it stays, the poorest hovel is radiant with warmth, with life and color. Thus love has the magic power to make of a beggar a king. Yes, love is free; it can dwell in no other atmosphere. Emma Goldman , "Marriage and Love" in Anarchism and Other Essays (1911) The bashful virgin's sidelong looks of love. Oliver Goldsmith , The Deserted Village (1770), line 29 How long will I love you? As long as stars are above you, And longer if I may Ellie Goulding , How Long Will I Love You (10 November 2013) from the 2013 album Halcyon Days Love is like a snowmobile racing across the tundra and then suddenly it flips over, pinning you underneath. At night, the snow weasels come. Matt Groening in the book, Love is Hell (1986) Che mai Non v'avere ò provate, ò possedute. Far worse it is Giovanni Battista Guarini , Il pastor fido (1590) At the risk of seeming ridiculous, let me say that the true revolutionary is guided by a great feeling of love. It is impossible to think of a genuine revolutionary lacking this quality. Perhaps it is one of the great dramas of the leader that he or she must combine a passionate spirit with a cold intelligence and make painful decisions without flinching. Our vanguard revolutionaries must idealize this love of the people, of the most sacred causes, and make it one and indivisible. They cannot descend, with small doses of daily affection, to the level where ordinary people put their love into practice. The leaders of the revolution have children just beginning to talk, who are not learning to call their fathers by name; wives, from whom they have to be separated as part of the general sacrifice of their lives to bring the revolution to its fulfilment; the circle of their friends is limited strictly to the number of fellow revolutionists. There is no life outside of the revolution. In these circumstances one must have a great deal of humanity and a strong sense of justice and truth in order not to fall into extreme dogmatism and cold scholasticism, into isolation from the masses. We must strive every day so that this love of living humanity will be transformed into actual deeds, into acts that serve as examples, as a moving force. Excerpts from the two paragraphs above have sometimes been quoted in abbreviated form: At the risk of seeming ridiculous, let me say that the true revolutionary is guided by a great feeling of love. It is impossible to think of a genuine revolutionary lacking this quality... We must strive every day so that this love of living humanity will be transformed into actual deeds, into acts that serve as examples, as a moving force. Variant translation: One must have a large dose of humanity, a large dose of a sense of justice and truth in order to avoid dogmatic extremes, cold scholasticism, or an isolation from the masses. We must strive every day so that this love of living humanity is transformed into actual deeds, into acts that serve as examples, as a moving force. Che Guevara , Man and Socialism in Cuba (1965), A letter to Carlos Quijano, editor of Marcha a radical weekly published in Montevideo, Uruguay; published as "From Algiers, for Marcha : The Cuban Revolution Today" (12 March 1965); also published in Verde Olivo, the magazine of the Cuban armed forces "Socialism and Man in Cuba" - Variant translation by Margarita Zimmermann Love of consciousness evokes the same in response Love of feeling evokes the opposite Love of body depends only on type and polarity. G. I. Gurdjieff , All and Everything : Beelzebub's Tales to His Grandson (1950) Love and compassion are necessities , not luxuries. Without them, humanity cannot survive. Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama in Dzogchen: The Heart Essence of the Great Perfection (2004); also quoted in A Small Drop of Ink: A Collection of Inspirational and Moving Quotations of the Ages (2003) by Linda Pendleton If there is love, there is hope that one may have real families, real brotherhood, real equanimity, real peace. If the love within your mind is lost and you see other beings as enemies, then no matter how much knowledge or education or material comfort you have, only suffering and confusion will ensue Tenzin Gyatso , The Little Book of Buddhism (2000) H[ edit ] Love is the condition in which the happiness of another person is essential to your own. ~ Robert A. Heinlein Love, which is lust, is the Lamp in the Tomb. Love, which is lust, is the Call from the Gloom. Love, which is lust, is the Main of Desire. Love, which is lust, is the Centric Fire. [...] And the word of Love is the Word of Life.~ William Ernest Henley Love is the most important thing in the world. It may be important to great thinkers to examine the world, to explain and despise it. But I think it is only important to love the world, not to despise it, not for us to hate each other, but to be able to regard the world and ourselves and all beings with love, admiration and respect. ~ Hermann Hesse To love is to act ~ Victor Hugo Love each other dearly always. There is scarcely anything else in the world but that: to love one another. ~ Victor Hugo What is love? Baby, don't hurt me. Don't hurt me, no more. Nestor Alexander Haddaway , "What Is Love" (1993), written by Dieter Lünstedt and Karin Hartmann-Eisenblätter, The Album (May 1993), Germany: Coconut Records All religions are incorporated in the principle of Truth, Simplicity and Love. Haidakhan Babaji , The Teachings of Babaji, 25 December 1981. Your first love has no beginning or end. Your first love is not your first love, and it is not your last. It is just love. It is one with everything. Nhat Hanh , Cultivating the Mind of Love (2005) Full Circle Publishing ISBN 81-216-0676-4 Love is the capacity to take care, to protect, to nourish. If you are not capable of generating that kind of energy toward yourself — if you are not capable of taking care of yourself, of nourishing yourself, of protecting yourself — it is very difficult to take care of another person. I need to be free with you tonight I need your love Calvin Harris feat. Ellie Goulding, I Need Your Love (2013) from the 2012 album 18 Months The principal difference between love and hate is that love is an irradiation, and hate is a concentration. Love makes everything lovely; hate concentrates itself on the object of its hatred. All the fearful counterfeits of love — possessiveness, lust, vanity, jealousy — are closer to hate: they concentrate on the object, guard it, suck it dry. Sydney J. Harris , Strictly Personal (1953), "Love and Its Loveless Counterfeits" Freud 's prescription for personal happiness as consisting of work and love must be taken with the proviso that the work has to be loved, and the love has to be worked at. Sydney J. Harris , Pieces of Eight (1982) When I'm not near the girl I love, I love the girl I'm near. Yip Harburg , "When I'm Not Near the Girl I Love" in Finian's Rainbow (1946) - Tommy Steele version Dorothy: If, neither of us had memories, and we met, so, then would you and I fall in love as well? Roger: That's, um, well... Dorothy: I warned you, it was a tough question. Dorothy: So then, Mr. Wise fell in love out of loneliness, right? Roger: Sorry, that question is too tough to answer. What was your second question? Dorothy: Forget it. If you thought the last question was tough, this one is worse. The Big O Missing Cat written by Keiichi Hasegawa Love, whether newly-born or aroused from a death-like slumber, must always create a sunshine, filling the hearts so full of radiance, that it overflows upon the outward world. Nathaniel Hawthorne in The Scarlet Letter (1850), p. 153 Love is that condition in which the happiness of another person is essential to your own. " Jubal Harshaw " in the first edition (1961); the later 1991 "Uncut" edition didn't have this line, because it was one Heinlein had added when he went through and trimmed the originally submitted manuscript on which the "Uncut" edition is based. Heinlein also later used a variant of this in The Cat Who Walks Through Walls where he has Xia quote Harshaw: "Dr. Harshaw says that 'the word "love" designates a subjective condition in which the welfare and happiness of another person are essential to one's own happiness.'" Robert A. Heinlein , Stranger in a Strange Land (1961, 1991), chapter His Scandalous Career Jealousy is a disease, love is a healthy condition. The immature mind often mistakes one for the other, or assumes that the greater the love, the greater the jealousy — in fact, they are almost incompatible; one emotion hardly leaves room for the other. Robert A. Heinlein , Stranger in a Strange Land (1961), chapter His Scandalous Career The more you love, the more you can love — and the more intensely you love. Nor is there any limit on how many you can love. If a person had time enough, he could love all of that majority who are decent and just. Love, which is lust, is the Lamp in the Tomb. Love, which is lust, is the Call from the Gloom. Love, which is lust, is the Main of Desire. Love, which is lust, is the Centric Fire. So man and woman will keep their trust, Till the very Springs of the Sea run dust. Yea, each with the other will lose and win, Till the very Sides of the Grave fall in. For the strife of Love's the abysmal strife, And the word of Love is the Word of Life. And they that go with the Word unsaid, Though they seem of the living, are damned and dead. William Ernest Henley , Hawthorn and Lavender (1901), XXI The woman was made of a rib out of the side of Adam; not made out of his head to rule over him, nor out of his feet to be trampled upon by him, but out of his side to be equal with him, under his arm to be protected, and near his heart to be beloved. Matthew Henry in Commentary on the Whole Bible, Vol. 1, under Genesis 2:21. [3] Love your neighbor, yet pull not down your hedge. George Herbert , Jacula Prudentum (1651) Oh, love isn't there to make us happy. I believe it exists to show us how much we can endure. Hermann Hesse , Peter Camenzind (1904) That's the way it is when you love. It makes you suffer, and I have suffered much in the years since. But it matters little that you suffer, so long as you feel alive with a sense of the close bond that connects all living things, so long as love does not die! Love does not entreat; or demand. Love must have the strength to become certain within itself. Then it ceases merely to be attracted and begins to attract.' Hermann Hesse , Demian: The Story of Emil Sinclair's Youth (1919), first published under the pseudonym "Emil Sinclair" Here is a doctrine at which you will laugh. It seems to me, Govinda, that Love is the most important thing in the world. It may be important to great thinkers to examine the world, to explain and despise it. But I think it is only important to love the world, not to despise it, not for us to hate each other, but to be able to regard the world and ourselves and all beings with love, admiration and respect. Billie Holiday , "Easy Living" The love that gushes for all is the real elixir of life — the fountain of bodily longevity. It is the lack of this that always produces the feeling of age. Josiah Gilbert Holland , reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 393 The most beautiful sight this earth affords is a man or woman so filled with love that duty is only a name, and its performance the natural outflow and expression of the love which has become the central principle of their life. Josiah Gilbert Holland , reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 394 Love is the master-key that opens the gates of happiness, of hatred, of jealousy, and, most easily of all, the gate of fear. How terrible is the one fact of beauty! Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. , A Mortal Antipathy (1885) This statement is often misquoted as "Love is the master-key that opens the gates of happiness". Love is the irreconcilable foe of the prevailing rationality, for lovers preserve and protect neither themselves nor the collectivity. They throw themselves away; that is why wrath is heaped upon them. Romeo and Juliet died in conflict with society for that which was heralded by this society. In unreasonably surrendering themselves to one another they sustained the freedom of the individual as against the dominion of the world of things. Max Horkheimer , “The End of Reason,” The Essential Frankfurt School Reader (1982), p. 43 You who suffer because you love, love still more. To die of love is to live by it. Love! A dark and starry transfiguration is mingled with that torment. There is ecstacy in the agony. Les Misérables (1862) by Victor Hugo , Book V - An End Unlike the Beginning, Ch. IV - A Heart Beneath A Stone Love each other dearly always. There is scarcely anything else in the world but that: to love one another. Jean Valjean in Les Misérables (1862) by Victor Hugo , Book IX - Supreme Shadow, Supreme Dawn, Ch. V - Night Behind Which Is Dawn Aimer, c'est agir To love is to act Victor Hugo , Last words of his diary, written two weeks before his death. Victor Hugo complete writings, Jean-Jacques Pauvert , editor, 1970 I[ edit ] Love is natural. Back of all ceremony burns and will forever burn the sacred flame. There has been no time in the world's history when that torch was extinguished. In all ages, in all climes, among all people, there has been true, pure, and unselfish love. ~ Robert G. Ingersoll Hold the person that you love closely if they're next to you, the one you love, not the person that'll simply have sex with you. Immortal Technique , "You Never Know", Revolutionary Vol. 2 (2003) Love is the only bow on Life's dark cloud. It is the morning and the evening star. It shines upon the babe, and sheds its radiance on the quiet tomb. It is the mother of art, inspirer of poet, patriot and philosopher. It is the air and light of every heart — builder of every home, kindler of every fire on every hearth. It was the first to dream of immortality. It fills the world with melody — for music is the voice of love. Love is the magician, the enchanter, that changes worthless things to Joy, and makes royal kings and queens of common clay. It is the perfume of that wondrous flower, the heart, and without that sacred passion, that divine swoon, we are less than beasts; but with it, earth is heaven, and we are gods. Robert G. Ingersoll , Orthodoxy, Works, Vol. II (1884), p. 420 Love is natural. Back of all ceremony burns and will forever burn the sacred flame. There has been no time in the world's history when that torch was extinguished. In all ages, in all climes, among all people, there has been true, pure, and unselfish love. J[ edit ] There is no fear in love; but perfect love casteth out fear: because fear hath torment. He that feareth is not made perfect in love. ~ John 4:18 Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart. ~ Steve Jobs The only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking. Don't settle. As with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking. Don’t settle. ~ Steve Jobs All the powers of soul and body, memory , understanding , and will , interior and exterior senses , the desires of spirit and of sense, all work in and by love... ~ John of the Cross --> There is nothing better or more necessary than love. ~ John of the Cross Love loves to love love. ~ James Joyce The ground of mercy is love, and the working of mercy is our keeping in love. ~ Julian of Norwich Love was without beginning, is, and shall be without ending. ~ Julian of Norwich Peace and love are ever in us, being and working; but we be not alway in peace and in love. ~ Julian of Norwich If any such lover be in earth which is continually kept from falling, I know it not: for it was not shewed me. But this was shewed: that in falling and in rising we are ever preciously kept in one Love. ~ Julian of Norwich Our life is all grounded and rooted in love, and without love we may not live. ~ Julian of Norwich Where love rules, there is no will to power; and where power predominates, there love is lacking. The one is the shadow of the other. ~ Carl Jung Just as the Father has loved me, so I have loved you; remain in my love. If you observe my commandments, you will remain in my love, just as I have observed the commandments of the Father and remain in his love. Fac, ut ardeat cor meum in amando Christum Deum, O Mother, fountain of love, make me feel the power of sorrow, that I may grieve with you Grant that my heart may burn in the love of Christ my Lord, that I may greatly please Him. Stabat Mater , authorship unknown, variously attributed to Jacopone da Todi and to Pope Innocent III Better get ready gonna see the light Love, love is the answer and that's all right So don't you give up now so easy to find Just look to your soul and open your mind Tommy James , Eddie Gray and Mike Vale, Crystal Blue Persuasion (1969) Romeo wants Juliet as the filings want the magnet; and if no obstacles intervene he moves towards her by as straight a line as they. But Romeo and Juliet, if a wall be built between them, do not remain idiotically pressing their faces against its opposite sides like the magnet and the filings with the card. Romeo soon finds a circuitous way, by scaling the wall or otherwise, of touching Juliet's lips directly. With the filings the path is fixed; whether it reaches the end depends on accidents. With the lover it is the end which is fixed, the path may be modified indefinitely. William James , The Principles of Psychology (1890), Ch. 1 : The Scope of Psychology If you say that this is absurd, that we cannot be in love with everyone at once, I merely point out to you that, as a matter of fact, certain persons do exist with an enormous capacity for friendship and for taking delight in other people's lives; and that such person know more of truth than if their hearts were not so big. The vice of ordinary Jack and Jill affection is not its intensity, but its exclusions and its jealousies. Leave those out, and you see that the ideal I am holding up before you, however impracticable to-day, yet contains nothing intrinsically absurd. William James , Talks to Teachers on Psychology and to Students on Some of Life's Ideals, 1911 Where your treasure is, there will your heart be also. Jesus Christ in Matthew 6:21 Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind. This is the first and great commandment. And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. On these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets. Jesus Christ in Matthew 24:5 I say unto you, Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, do good to them that hate you, and pray for them which despitefully use you, and persecute you; That ye may be the children of your Father which is in heaven: for he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust. Jesus Christ in Luke 6:34–35 A new commandment I give unto you, That ye love one another; as I have loved you, that ye also love one another. By this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to another. Jesus Christ , in John 13:34-35 My Father is glorified in this, that you keep bearing much fruit and prove yourselves my disciples. Just as the Father has loved me, so I have loved you; remain in my love. If you observe my commandments, you will remain in my love, just as I have observed the commandments of the Father and remain in his love. “These things I have spoken to you, so that my joy may be in you and your joy may be made full. This is my commandment, that you love one another just as I have loved you. No one has love greater than this, that someone should surrender his life in behalf of his friends. You are my friends if you do what I am commanding you. I no longer call you slaves, because a slave does not know what his master does. But I have called you friends, because I have made known to you all the things I have heard from my Father. Steve Jobs , Stanford University commencement address (12 June 2005) Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don’t lose faith. I’m convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You’ve got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking. Don't settle. As with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking. Don’t settle. At the evening of life, we shall be judged on our love. John of the Cross , reported in the Catechism of the Catholic Church (2002), p. 231 In search of my Love I will go over mountains and strands; I will gather no flowers , I will fear no wild beasts; And pass by the mighty and the frontiers. John of the Cross , Spiritual Canticle of The Soul and The Bridegroom , stanza 28 I have said that God is pleased with nothing but love; but before I explain this, it will be as well to set forth the grounds on which the assertion rests. All our works , and all our labours, how grand soever they may be, are nothing in the sight of God, for we can give Him nothing, neither can we by them fulfil His desire, which is the growth of our soul. As to Himself He desires nothing of this, for He has need of nothing, and so, if He is pleased with anything it is with the growth of the soul ; and as there is no way in which the soul can grow but in becoming in a manner equal to Him, for this reason only is He pleased with our love. It is the property of love to place him who loves on an equality with the object of his love. Hence the soul, because of its perfect love, is called the bride of the Son of God, which signifies equality with Him. In this equality and friendship all things are common, as the Bridegroom Himself said to His disciples: I have called you friends, because all things, whatsoever I have heard of my Father, I have made known to you. John of the Cross , Spiritual Canticle of The Soul and The Bridegroom , Notes to the Stanzas, Note to Stanza 27 My sole occupation is love. All my occupation now is the practice of the love of God , all the powers of soul and body, memory , understanding , and will , interior and exterior senses , the desires of spirit and of sense, all work in and by love. All I do is done in love; all I suffer, I suffer in the sweetness of love. John of the Cross , Spiritual Canticle of The Soul and The Bridegroom , Notes to the Stanzas, Explanation of Stanza 28 part 8 There is nothing better or more necessary than love. John of the Cross , Spiritual Canticle of The Soul and The Bridegroom , Notes to the Stanzas, Note to Stanza, 28 part 1 When the soul, then, in any degree possesses the spirit of solitary love, we must not interfere with it. We should inflict a grievous wrong upon it, and upon the Church also, if we were to occupy it, were it only for a moment, in exterior or active duties, however important they might be. When God Himself adjures all not to waken it from its love, who shall venture to do so, and be blameless? In a word, it is for this love that we are all created. Let those men of zeal, who think by their preaching and exterior works to convert the world, consider that they would be much more edifying to the Church, and more pleasing unto God — setting aside the good example they would give if they would spend at least one half their time in prayer, even though they may have not attained to the state of unitive love. John of the Cross , Spiritual Canticle of The Soul and The Bridegroom , Notes to the Stanzas, Note to Stanza 28 part 3 Love consists not in feeling great things but in having great detachment and in suffering for the Beloved. John of the Cross , The Sayings of Light and Love, Dichos de Luz y Amor, as translated by Kieran Kavanaugh and Otilio Rodriguez (1991) No man hath seen God at any time. If we love one another, God dwelleth in us, and his love is perfected in us. He that loveth not knoweth not God; for God is love. She's the goddess of all things sweaty and sticky. Arthur M. Jolly Cupid (referring to Venus) in The Waiting Room of the Gods (2009) Do you want me to tell you something really subversive? Love is everything it's cracked up to be. That's why people are so cynical about it. . . . It really is worth fighting for, being brave for, risking everything for. And the trouble is, if you don't risk everything, you risk even more. Erica Jong in How to Save Your Own Life (1977) Theodore: No, don’t do this to me. Don’t turn this around on me. You’re the one that’s being selfish. We’re in a relationship. Samantha: But the heart is not like a box that gets filled up. It expands in size the more you love. I’m different from you. This doesn't make me love you anyless, it actually makes me love you more. Theodore: No, that doesn’t make any sense. You’re mine or you’re not mine. Samantha: No, Theodore. I’m yours and I’m not yours. Her (film) written by Spike Jonze Addictions come from shortages in infancy. People try to compensate this way. Alcoholism is generally produced from a shortage in mother's milk. And heroin addiction is usually due to a lack of being, the absence of recognition; the drug fills the emptiness of not being loved. Alejandro Jodorowsky Psychomagic: The Transformative Power of Shamanic Psychotherapy (2010) Love (understood as the desire of good for another) is in fact so unnatural a phenomenon that it can scarcely repeat itself, the soul being unable to become virgin again and not having energy enough to cast itself out again into the ocean of another's soul. Notes (1913) made by James Joyce , for his play Exiles One of his sentences, written two months after his last interview with Mrs. Sinico, read: Love between man and man is impossible because there must not be sexual intercourse and friendship between man and woman is impossible because there must be sexual intercourse. James Joyce , Dubliners (1914), chapter "A Painful Case" Love loves to love love. James Joyce , Ulysses (1946), ch. 12: Cyclops, p. 327 He that made all things for love, by the same love keepeth them, and shall keep them without end. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 8 Love was without beginning, is, and shall be without ending. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 22 Peace and love are ever in us, being and working; but we be not alway in peace and in love. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 39 We give our intent to love and meekness, by the working of mercy and grace we are made all fair and clean. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 40 Truth seeth God , and Wisdom beholdeth God, and of these two cometh the third: that is, a holy marvellous delight in God; which is Love. Where Truth and Wisdom are verily, there is Love verily, coming of them both. And all of God’s making: for He is endless sovereign Truth, endless sovereign Wisdom, endless sovereign Love, unmade; and man’s Soul is a creature in God which hath the same properties made, and evermore it doeth that it was made for: it seeth God, it beholdeth God, and it loveth God. Whereof God enjoyeth in the creature; and the creature in God, endlessly marvelling. In which marvelling he seeth his God, his Lord, his Maker so high, so great, and so good, in comparison with him that is made, that scarcely the creature seemeth ought to the self. But the clarity and the clearness of Truth and Wisdom maketh him to see and to bear witness that he is made for Love, in which God endlessly keepeth him. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 44 The ground of mercy is love, and the working of mercy is our keeping in love. And this was shewed in such manner that I could not have perceived of the part of mercy but as it were alone in love; that is to say, as to my sight. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 48 Mercy is a sweet gracious working in love, mingled with plenteous pity: for mercy worketh in keeping us, and mercy worketh turning to us all things to good. Mercy, by love, suffereth us to fail in measure and in as much as we fail, in so much we fall; and in as much as we fall, in so much we die: for it needs must be that we die in so much as we fail of the sight and feeling of God that is our life. Our failing is dreadful, our falling is shameful, and our dying is sorrowful: but in all this the sweet eye of pity and love is lifted never off us, nor the working of mercy ceaseth. For I beheld the property of mercy, and I beheld the property of grace: which have two manners of working in one love. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 48 Our life is all grounded and rooted in love, and without love we may not live. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 48 Love and Dread are brethren, and they are rooted in us by the Goodness of our Maker, and they shall never be taken from us without end. We have of nature to love and we have of grace to love: and we have of nature to dread and we have of grace to dread. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 70 All that is contrary to love and peace is of the Fiend and of his part. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 77 Where I say that He abideth sorrowfully and moaning, it meaneth all the true feeling that we have in our self, in contrition and compassion, and all sorrowing and moaning that we are not oned with our Lord. And all such that is speedful, it is Christ in us. And though some of us feel it seldom, it passeth never from Christ till what time He hath brought us out of all our woe. For love suffereth never to be without pity. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 80 If any such lover be in earth which is continually kept from falling, I know it not: for it was not shewed me. But this was shewed: that in falling and in rising we are ever preciously kept in one Love. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 82 Charity keepeth us in Faith and Hope , and Hope leadeth us in Charity. And in the end all shall be Charity. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 84 Wouldst thou learn thy Lord’s meaning in this thing? Learn it well: Love was His meaning. Who shewed it thee? Love. What shewed He thee? Love. Wherefore shewed it He? For Love. Hold thee therein and thou shalt learn and know more in the same. But thou shalt never know nor learn therein other thing without end. Thus was I learned that Love was our Lord’s meaning. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 84 I saw full surely that ere God made us He loved us; which love was never slacked, nor ever shall be. And in this love He hath done all His works; and in this love He hath made all things profitable to us; and in this love our life is everlasting. In our making we had beginning; but the love wherein He made us was in Him from without beginning: in which love we have our beginning. And all this shall we see in God, without end. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 86 Wo die Liebe herrscht, da gibt es keinen machtwillen, und wo die macht den vorrang hat, da fehlt die Liebe. Das eine ist der Schatten des andern. Translation: Where love rules, there is no will to power; and where power predominates, there love is lacking. The one is the shadow of the other. K[ edit ] The heart unites whatever the mind separates, pushes on beyond the arena of necessity and transmutes the struggle into love. ~ Nikos Kazantzakis Love will come find you Just to remind you [...] See that's the thing about love [...] Then life So you don't give up ~ Alicia Keys Ah Love! could you and I with him conspire To grasp this sorry Scheme of Things entire Would we not shatter it to bits—and then Re-mould it nearer to the Heart's Desire? ~ Omar Khayyam When one has once fully entered the realm of Love, the world — no matter how imperfect — becomes rich and beautiful, it consists solely of opportunities for Love. ~ Søren Kierkegaard What is it that makes a person great, admired by creation, well pleasing in the eyes of God? What is it that makes a person strong, stronger than the whole world; what is it that makes him weak, weaker than a child? What is it that makes a person unwavering, unwavering as a rock; what is it that makes him soft, softer than wax? –It is love! ~ Søren Kierkegaard Above all do not forget your duty to love yourself. ~ Søren Kierkegaard The best and most beautiful things in the world cannot be seen nor even touched, but just felt in the heart.. ~ Helen Keller He has of Heaven's grace a part Who loves, who is beloved in turn. ~ Joyce Kilmer Love is made out of ecstasy and wonder; Love is a poignant and accustomed pain. ~ Joyce Kilmer Tonight the light of love is in your eyes, But will you love me tomorrow? ~ Carole King You've got to get up every morning with a smile on your face And show the world all the love in your heart. ~ Carole King We must discover the power of love, the power, the redemptive power of love. And when we discover that we will be able to make of this old world a new world. We will be able to make men better. Love is the only way. Martin Luther King Hatred paralyzes life; love releases it. Hatred confuses life; love harmonizes it. Hatred darkens life; love illuminates it. ~ Martin Luther King Love is the supreme unifying principle of life. ~ Martin Luther King We must meet hate with love. We must meet physical force with soul force. [...] We must follow nonviolence and love. ~ Martin Luther King Love is understanding, redemptive goodwill for all men, so that you love everybody. ~ Martin Luther King Love is a uniquely portable magic. I don’t think it’s in the stars, but I do believe that blood calls to blood and mind calls to mind and heart to heart. ~ Stephen King Feelings of love and gratitude arise directly and spontaneously in the baby in response to the love and care of his mother. ~ Melanie Klein What brings understanding is love. When your heart is full, then you will listen to the teacher, to the beggar, to the laughter of children, to the rainbow, and to the sorrow of man. Under every stone and leaf, that which is eternal exists. ~ Jiddu Krishnamurti Only the free mind knows what Love is. ~ Jiddu Krishnamurti Conflict is not in the feeling of being in love. The feeling of being in love is utterly without conflict. There is no loss of energy in being in love. ~ Jiddu Krishnamurti You are what you love, not what loves you. "Donald Kaufman" ( Nicolas Cage ) in Adaptation (2001 film) The heart unites whatever the mind separates, pushes on beyond the arena of necessity and transmutes the struggle into love. Nikos Kazantzakis , The Saviors of God (1923), "Italy", Ch. 18, p. 182 I possess no weapon but love. With that I have come to do battle. Help me! When I have fears that I may cease to be Before my pen has glean’d my teeming brain, Before high piled books, in charact’ry, Hold like rich garners the full-ripen’d grain; When I behold, upon the night’s starr’d face, Huge cloudy symbols of a high romance, And think that I may never live to trace Their shadows, with the magic hand of chance; And when I feel, fair creature of an hour! That I shall never look upon thee more, Never have relish in the faery power Of unreflecting love! — then on the shore Of the wide world I stand alone, and think Till Love and Fame to nothingness do sink. A thing of beauty is a joy forever: Its loveliness increases; it will never Pass into nothingness; but still will keep A bower quiet for us, and a sleep Full of sweet dreams, and health, and quiet breathing. John Keats , Endymion (1818), Bk. I, l. 1 Ghosts of melodious prophesyings rave Round every spot where trod Apollo's foot; Bronze clarions awake, and faintly bruit, Where long ago a giant battle was; And, from the turf, a lullaby doth pass In every place where infant Orpheus slept. Feel we these things? — that moment have we stept Into a sort of oneness, and our state Is like a floating spirit's. But there are Richer entanglements, enthralments far More self-destroying, leading, by degrees, To the chief intensity: the crown of these Is made of love and friendship, and sits high Upon the forehead of humanity. John Keats , Endymion (1818), Bk. I, l. 789 Love in a hut, with water and a crust, Is — Love, forgive us! — cinders, ashes, dust. John Keats , Poems (1820), "Lamia", Pt. II, l. 1 And there shall be for thee all soft delight That shadowy thought can win, A bright torch, and a casement ope at night, To let the warm Love in! John Keats , Poems (1820), "Ode to Psyche", st. 5 Ruth is so loyal and gentle-hearted, we cannot help loving her, as she stands with the reapers amid the waving corn. Her beautiful, unselfish spirit shines out like a bright star in the night of a dark and cruel age. Love like Ruth's, love which can rise above conflicting creeds and deep-seated racial prejudices, is hard to find in all the world. Helen Keller , The Story of My Life (1903), Ch. 21 The best and most beautiful things in the world cannot be seen nor even touched, but just felt in the heart. Helen Keller , The Story of My Life (1905), p. 203 Why only hate? Where does love remain? Or at least a little decency toward other people? Friedrich Kellner , diary entry (30 March 1940) Love feels no burden, regards not labors, strives toward more than it attains, argues not of impossibility, since it believes that it may and can do all things. Therefore it avails for all things, and fulfils and accomplishes much where one not a lover falls and lies helpless. Thomas à Kempis (1380-1471), in The Imitation of Christ , pt. 3, ch. 6 (1471) Love will come find you Just to remind you [...] See that's the thing about love [...] Then life Rama Chandra (Bernard White), The Matrix Revolutions Ah Love! could you and I with him conspire To grasp this sorry Scheme of Things entire Would we not shatter it to bits—and then Re-mould it nearer to the Heart's Desire? Omar Khayyam , Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam (1120), Stanza IX. FitzGerald's Trans The resolving of the ethical, is freedom; the negative resolution also has this, but the freedom, blank and bare, is as if tongue-tied, hard to express, and generally has something hard in its nature. Falling in love, however, promptly sets it to music, even if this composition contains a very difficult passage. Soren Kierkegaard, Stages on Life’s Way, Hong p. 111 When one has once fully entered the realm of Love, the world — no matter how imperfect — becomes rich and beautiful, it consists solely of opportunities for Love. Søren Kierkegaard , Works of Love (1847) In order to eliminate misunderstandings, the main point is that marriage is a τέλος , yet not for nature’s striving so that we touch on the meaning of the τέλος in the mysteries, but for the individuality. But if it is a τέλος, it is not something immediate but an act of freedom, and belonging under freedom as it does, the task is actualized only through a resolution. Erotic love or falling in love is altogether immediate; marriage is a resolution; yet falling in love must be taken up into marriage or into the resolution; to will to marry-that is the most immediate of all immediacies must also be the freest resolution, that which is so inexplicable in its immediacy that it must be attributed to a deity must also come about by virtue of deliberation, and such exhaustive deliberation that from it a resolution results. Furthermore, the one must not follow the other; the resolution must not come slinking along behind but must occur simultaneously; both parts must be present in the moment of decision. If deliberation has not exhausted thought, then I make no resolution; I act either on inspiration or on the basis of a whim. Søren Kierkegaard , Stages On Life's Way, 1845, Hong p. 101-102 The eternal fears no future, hopes for no future, but love possesses everything without ceasing, and there is no shadow of variation. As soon as he returns to himself, he understands this no more. He understands what bitter experiences have only all too unforgettably inculcated, the self-accusation, if the past has the kind of claim upon his soul that no repentance can entirely redeem, no trusting in God can entirely wipe out, but only God himself in the inexpressible silence of beatitude. The more of the past a person’s soul can still keep when he is left to himself, the more profound he is. Søren Kierkegaard , Four Upbuilding Discourses, 1844 p. 338 (Eighteen Upbuilding Discourses) Above all do not forget your duty to love yourself. Søren Kierkegaard , Letter to Hans Peter, Kierkegaard's cousin (1848) Oh, can I really believe the poet's tales, that when one first sees the object of one's love, one imagines one has seen her long ago, that all love like all knowledge is remembrance, that love too has its prophecies in the individual. … it seems to me that I should have to possess the beauty of all girls in order to draw out a beauty equal to yours; that I should have to circumnavigate the world in order to find the place I lack and which the deepest mystery of my whole being points towards, and at the next moment you are so near to me, filling my spirit so powerfully that I am transfigured for myself, and feel that it's good to be here. Søren Kierkegaard , On Regine Olsen , (2 February 1839) What is it that makes a person great, admired by creation, well pleasing in the eyes of God? What is it that makes a person strong, stronger than the whole world; what is it that makes him weak, weaker than a child? What is it that makes a person unwavering, unwavering as a rock; what is it that makes him soft, softer than wax? –It is love! What is it that is older than everything? It is love. What is it that outlives everything? It is love. What is it that cannot be taken but itself takes all? It is love. What is it that cannot be given but itself gives all? It is love. What is it that perseveres when everything falls away? It is love. What is it that comforts when all comfort fails? It is love. What is it that endures when everything is changed? It is love. What is it that remains when the imperfect is abolished? It is love. What is it that witnesses when prophecy is silent? It is love. What is it that does not cease when the vision ends? It is love. What is it that sheds light when the dark saying ends? It is love. What is it that gives blessing to the abundance of the gift? It is love. What is it that gives pith to the angel’s words? It is love. What is it that makes the widow’s gift an abundance? It is love. What is it that turns the words of the simple person into wisdom? It is love. What is it that is never changed even though everything is changed? It is love; and that alone is love, that which never becomes something else. It is love! Søren Kierkegaard , Three Upbuilding Discourses , Love Will Hide a Multitude of Sins, p. 55 What is it that is never changed even though everything is changed? It is love. And only that which never becomes something else is love, that which gives away everything and for that reason demands nothing, that which demands nothing and therefore has nothing to lose, that which blesses and blesses when it is cursed, that which loves its neighbor but whose enemy is also its neighbor, that which leaves revenge to the Lord because it takes comfort in the thought that he is even more merciful. Søren Kierkegaard , Three Upbuilding Discourses , Love Will Hide a Multitude of Sins, p. 57 When love lives in the heart, the eye is shut and does not discover the open act of sin, to say nothing of the concealed act … When love lives in the heart, the ear is shut and does not hear what the world says, does not hear the bitterness of blasphemy, because he who says, “you fool”, to his brother is guilty before the council, but he who hears it when it is said to him is not perfect in love. … When rashness lives in the heart, a person is quick to discover the multiplicity of sin, then he understands splendidly a fragmentary utterance, hastily comprehends at a distance something scarcely enunciated. When love lives in the heart, a person understands slowly and does not hear at all words said in haste and does not understand them when repeated because he assigns them good position and a good meaning. He does not understand a long angry and insulting verbal assault, because he is waiting for one more word that will give it meaning. When fear lives in the heart, a person easily discovers the multiplicity of sin, discovers deceit and delusion and disloyalty and scheming, discovers that; Every heart is a net, Every rogue like a child, Every promise like a shadow. But the love that hides a multitude of sins is never deceived. Søren Kierkegaard , Three Upbuilding Discourses , Love Will Hide a Multitude of Sins, p. 60-61 When stinginess lives in the heart, when one gives with one eye and looks with seven to see what one obtains in return one readily discovers the multiplicity of sin. But when love lives in the heart, then the eye is never deceived, because when love gives, it does not watch the gift but keeps its eye on the Lord. When envy lives in the heart, the eye has the power to elicit the impure even from the pure; but when love lives in the heart, the eye has the power to love forth the good in the impure, but his eye sees not the impure but the pure, which it loves, and loves forth by loving it. Yes, there is a power in this world that in its language translates good into evil, but there is power from above that translates evil into good-it is the love that hides a multitude of sins. … When hate lives in the heart, sin is right there at the door of a human being, and the multitude of its cravings is present to him. But when love lives in the heart, then sin flees far away and he does not even catch a glimpse of it. Søren Kierkegaard , Three Upbuilding Discourses , Love Will Hide a Multitude of Sins, p. 61 But with love it is most joyous of all. For there is a love, that blazes up and is forgotten; there is a love that unites and divides -- a love until death. But then -- in death, in death’s decision, there is born a love that does not flame up, that is not equivocal, that is not -- until death, but beyond death, a love that endures. In this love under the pain of the wish, the sufferer is committed to the Good. Oh, you sufferer, whoever you may be, will you then with doubleness of mind seek the relief that temporal existence can give, the relief that permits you to forget your suffering (yes, so you think) but rather that allows you to forget the Eternal! Will you in doubleness of mind despair, because all is lost (yes, so you think) yet with the Eternal all is to be won! Will you in doubleness of mind despair? Have you considered what it is to despair? Alas, it is to deny that God is love! Think that over properly, one who despairs abandons himself (yes, so you think); nay, he abandons God! Oh, weary not your soul with that which is passing and with momentary relief. Grieve not your spirit with forms of comfort which this world affords. Do not in suicidal fashion murder the wish; but rather win the highest by hope, by faith, by love -- as the mightiest of all are able to do: commit yourself to the Good! Søren Kierkegaard , Purity of Heart is to Will One Thing (1847), Steere p. 149-151 Every human being can come to know everything about love, just as every human being can come to know that he, like every human being, is loved by God. Some find this thought adequate for the longest life others find this thought so insignificant ... Søren Kierkegaard , Works of Love (1847), Hong 1995 Princeton University Press p. 364 The intoxication of self-feeling is the most intense, and the height of this intoxication is most admired. Love and friendship are the very height of self-feeling, the I intoxicated in the other-I. The more securely the two I's come together to become one I, the more this united I selfishly cuts itself off from all others. Søren Kierkegaard , Works of Love (1847) Perfection in the object is not perfection in the love. Erotic love is determined by the object; friendship is determined by the object; only love of one’s neighbor is determined by love. Therefore genuine love is recognizable by this, that its object is without any of the more definite qualifications of difference, which means that this love is recognizable only by love. Søren Kierkegaard , Works of Love (1847) Someone absolutely in love does not know whether he is more in love or less in love than others, because anyone who knows that is definitely not absolutely in love. Neither does he know that he is the only person who has truly been in love, because if he knew that, he would not be absolutely in love-and yet he knows that a third party cannot understand him, because a third party will understand him generally in relation to an object of passion but not in relation to the absoluteness of passion. Søren Kierkegaard , Concluding Unscientific Postscript to Philosophical Fragments P. 509 It will be easy for us once we receive the ball of yarn from Ariadne (love) and then go through all the mazes of the labyrinth (life) and kill the monster. But how many are there who plunge into life (the labyrinth) without taking that precaution? Søren Kierkegaard , Journal entry (1 August 1835) For, once he thrilled with high romance And tuned to love his eager voice. Like any cavalier of France He wooed the maiden of his choice. And now deep in his weary heart Are sacred flames that whitely burn. He has of Heaven's grace a part Who loves, who is beloved in turn. Joyce Kilmer , Trees and Other Poems (1914), Delicatessen The song within your heart could never rise Until love bade it spread its wings and soar. Joyce Kilmer , Main Street and Other Poems (1917), In Memory Love is made out of ecstasy and wonder; Love is a poignant and accustomed pain. It is a burst of Heaven-shaking thunder; It is a linnet's fluting after rain. Joyce Kilmer , Main Street and Other Poems (1917), In Memory Tonight You're mine completely, You give your love so sweetly Tonight the light of love is in your eyes, But will you love me tomorrow? I'd like to know that your love Is love I can be sure of, So tell me now and I won't ask again, Will you still love me tomorrow? You've got to get up every morning with a smile on your face And show the world all the love in your heart The people gonna treat you better, You're gonna find, yes you will, That you're beautiful as you feel. If there's any answer, maybe love can end the madness Maybe not, oh, but we can only try. Carole King , Tapestry (1971), Beautiful We must meet hate with love. We must meet physical force with soul force. There is still a voice crying out through the vista of time, saying: "Love your enemies , bless them that curse you , pray for them that despitefully use you." Then, and only then, can you matriculate into the university of eternal life. That same voice cries out in terms lifted to cosmic proportions: "He who lives by the sword will perish by the sword." And history is replete with the bleached bones of nations that failed to follow this command. We must follow nonviolence and love. Martin Luther King, Jr. , “Give Us the Ballot” Address (1957) Delivered at the Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom (Call to Conscience) Washington, D.C. Love is creative, understanding goodwill for all men. It is the refusal to defeat any individual. When you rise to the level of love, of its great beauty and power, you seek only to defeat evil systems. Individuals who happen to be caught up in that system, you love, but you seek to defeat the system. Martin Luther King, Jr. , in "Loving Your Enemies" Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, Montgomery, Alabama, (17 November 1957) But there is another way. And that is to organize mass non-violent resistance based on the principle of love. It seems to me that this is the only way as our eyes look to the future. As we look out across the years and across the generations, let us develop and move right here. We must discover the power of love, the power, the redemptive power of love. And when we discover that we will be able to make of this old world a new world. We will be able to make men better. Love is the only way. Martin Luther King, Jr. , in "Loving Your Enemies" Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, Montgomery, Alabama, (17 November 1957) Love is understanding, redemptive goodwill for all men, so that you love everybody, because God loves them. You refuse to do anything that will defeat an individual, because you have agape in your soul. And here you come to the point that you love the individual who does the evil deed, while hating the deed that the person does. This is what Jesus means when he says, "Love your enemy." This is the way to do it. When the opportunity presents itself when you can defeat your enemy, you must not do it. Martin Luther King, Jr. , Letter from a Birmingham Jail (1963) Hatred paralyzes life; love releases it. Hatred confuses life; love harmonizes it. Hatred darkens life; love illuminates it. Martin Luther King, Jr. , Strength to Love (1963), Last paragraph of section III of Antidotes for fear, page 122 (see link at top of the section) We can no longer afford to worship the God of hate or bow before the altar of retaliation. The oceans of history are made turbulent by the ever-rising tides of hate. History is cluttered with the wreckage of nations and individuals that pursued this self-defeating path of hate. Love is the key to the solution of the problems of the world . Martin Luther King, Jr. , in his Nobel Lecture, delivered in the Auditorium of the University of Oslo at (11 December 1964) Love is basic for the very survival of mankind. I’m convinced that love is the only absolute ultimately; love is the highest good. He who loves has somehow discovered the meaning of ultimate reality. He who hates does not know God; he who hates has no knowledge of God. Love is the supreme unifying principle of life. Martin Luther King, Jr. , Keep Moving From This Mountain , Sermon at Temple Israel of Hollywood (25 February 1965) When love leaves the world , all hearts are still. Tell them of my love and tell them of my pain and tell them of my hope , which still lives. For this is all I have and all I am and all I ask. The heart of a man to the heart of a maid— Light of my tents, be fleet— Morning awaits at the end of the world, And the world is all at our feet. Rudyard Kipling , The Gypsy Trail (1892) The white moth to the closing vine, The bee to the open clover, And the Gypsy blood to the Gypsy blood Ever the wide world over. Rudyard Kipling , The Gypsy Trail (1892) The wild hawk to the wind-swept sky The deer to the wholesome wold; And the heart of a man to the heart of a maid, As it was in the days of old. Rudyard Kipling , The Gypsy Trail (1892) Feelings of love and gratitude arise directly and spontaneously in the baby in response to the love and care of his mother. Melanie Klein (1937, p. 311) as cited in: David Mann (2013) Love and Hate: Psychoanalytic Perspectives. p. 79 Agape's object is always the concrete individual, not some abstraction called humanity. Love of humanity is easy because humanity does not surprise you with inconvenient demands. You never find humanity on your doorstep, stinking and begging. Peter Kreeft , Fundamentals of the Faith: Essays in Christian Apologetics, II.A.30: "Love" [4] What brings understanding is love. When your heart is full, then you will listen to the teacher, to the beggar, to the laughter of children, to the rainbow, and to the sorrow of man. Under every stone and leaf, that which is eternal exists. But we do not know how to look for it. Our minds and hearts are filled with other things than understanding of "what is". Love and mercy, kindliness and generosity do not cause enmity. When you love, you are very near truth. For, love makes for sensitivity, for vulnerability. That which is sensitive is capable of renewal. Then truth will come into being. It cannot come if your mind and heart are burdened, heavy with ignorance and animosity. Jiddu Krishnamurti , "Ninth Talk in Bombay, (14 March 1948) , J.Krishnamurti Online, JKO Serial No. BO48Q1, published in The Collected Works, Vol. IV, p. 200 Learning in the true sense of the word is possible only in that state of attention, in which there is no outer or inner compulsion. Right thinking can come about only when the mind is not enslaved by tradition and memory. It is attention that allows silence to come upon the mind, which is the opening of the door to creation. That is why attention is of the highest importance. Knowledge is necessary at the functional level as a means of cultivating the mind, and not as an end in itself. We are concerned, not with the development of just one capacity, such as that of a mathematician, or a scientist, or a musician, but with the total development of the student as a human being. How is the state of attention to be brought about? It cannot be cultivated through persuasion, comparison, reward or punishment, all of which are forms of coercion. The elimination of fear is the beginning of attention. Fear must exist as long as there is an urge to be or to become, which is the pursuit of success, with all its frustrations and tortuous contradictions. You can teach concentration, but attention cannot be taught just as you cannot possibly teach freedom from fear; but we can begin to discover the causes that produce fear, and in understanding these causes there is the elimination of fear. So attention arises spontaneously when around the student there is an atmosphere of well-being, when he has the feeling of being secure, of being at ease, and is aware of the disinterested action that comes with love. Love does not compare, and so the envy and torture of "becoming" cease. ISBN 978-1577315179 You know, actually we have no love — that is a terrible thing to realize. Actually we have no love; we have sentiment; we have emotionality, sensuality, sexuality; we have remembrances of something which we have thought as love. But actually, brutally, we have no love. Because to have love means no violence, no fear, no competition, no ambition. If you had love you will never say, "This is my family." You may have a family and give them the best you can; but it will not be "your family" which is opposed to the world. If you love, if there is love, there is peace. If you loved, you would educate your child not to be a nationalist, not to have only a technical job and look after his own petty little affairs; you would have no nationality. There would be no divisions of religion, if you loved. But as these things actually exist — not theoretically, but brutally — in this ugly world, it shows that you have no love. Even the love of a mother for her child is not love. If the mother really loved her child, do you think the world would be like this? She would see that he had the right food, the right education, that he was sensitive, that he appreciated beauty, that he was not ambitious, greedy, envious. So the mother, however much she may think she loves her child, does not love the child. So we have not that love. Jiddu Krishnamurti , Varanasi 5th Public Talk (28 November 1964), The Collected Works, Vol. XV Only the free mind knows what Love is. Jiddu Krishnamurti , Speech at the University of California, Berkley, as broadcast by Pacifica Radio (4 January 1969) Can't you fall in love and not have a possessive relationship? I love someone and she loves me and we get married — that is all perfectly straightforward and simple, in that there is no conflict at all. (When I say we get married I might just as well say we decide to live together — don't let's get caught up in words.) Can't one have that without the other, without the tail as it were, necessarily following? Can't two people be in love and both be so intelligent and so sensitive that there is freedom and absence of a centre that makes for conflict? Conflict is not in the feeling of being in love. The feeling of being in love is utterly without conflict. There is no loss of energy in being in love. The loss of energy is in the tail, in everything that follows — jealousy, possessiveness, suspicion, doubt, the fear of losing that love, the constant demand for reassurance and security. Surely it must be possible to function in a sexual relationship with someone you love without the nightmare which usually follows. Of course it is. Jiddu Krishnamurti , Krishnamurti Foundation Trust Bulletin 3 (1969), and Krishnamurti Foundation Trust Bulletin 4, (1969) The whole of Asia believes in reincarnation, in being reborn in another life. When you enquire what it is that is going to be born in the next life, you come up against difficulties. What is it? Yourself? What are you? a lot of words, a lot of opinions, attachments to your possessions, to your furniture, to your conditioning. Is all that, which you call the soul, going to be reborn in the next life? Reincarnation implies that what you are today determines what you will be again in the next life. Therefore behave! — not tomorrow, but today, because what you do today you are going to pay for in the next life. People who believe in reincarnation do not bother about behavior;t all; it is just a matter of belief, which has no value. Incarnate today, afresh not in the next life! Change it now completely, change with great passion, let the mind strip itself of everything, of every conditioning, every knowledge, of everything it thinks is "right" — empty it. Then you will know what dying means; and then you will know what love is. For love is not something of the past, of thought, of culture; it is not pleasure. A mind that has understood the whole movement of thought becomes extraordinarily quiet, absolutely silent. That silence is the beginning of the new. Jiddu Krishnamurti , 6th Public Talk, Saanen (28 July 1970) 'The Mechanical Activity of Thought" in The Impossible Question (1972) Part I, Ch. 6 It is utterly and irrevocably possible to empty all hurts and, therefore, to love, to have compassion. To have compassion means to have passion for all things, not just between two people, but for all human beings, for all things of the earth, the animals, the trees, everything the earth contains. When we have such compassion we will not despoil the earth as we are doing now, and we will have no wars. Jiddu Krishnamurti , Talks in Saanen (1974), p. 71 The only thing that really matters is that there be an action of goodness, love and intelligence in living. Is goodness individual or collective, is love personal or impersonal, is intelligence yours, mine or somebody else? If it is yours or mine then it is not intelligence, or love, or goodness. If goodness is an affair of the individual or of the collective, according to one's particular preference or decision, then it is no longer goodness. Jiddu Krishnamurti , The Urgency of Change (1970), Conversation 5 The very nature of intelligence is sensitivity, and this sensitivity is love. Without this intelligence there can be no compassion. Compassion is not the doing of charitable acts or social reform; it is free from sentiment, romanticism and emotional enthusiasm. It is as strong as death. It is like a great rock, immovable in the midst of confusion, misery and anxiety. Without this compassion no new culture or society can come into being. Compassion and intelligence walk together; they are not separate. Compassion acts through intelligence. It can never act through the intellect. Compassion is the essence of the wholeness of life. Jiddu Krishnamurti , Letters to the Schools (1981, 1985), Vol. I, p. 113 Questioner: Can one love truth without loving man? Can one love man without loving truth? What comes first? Krishnamurti: Love comes first. To love truth, you must know truth. To know truth is to deny truth. What is known is not truth. What is known is already encased in time and ceases to be truth. Truth is an eternal movement, and so cannot be measured in words or in time. It cannot be held in the fist. You cannot love something which you do not know. But truth is not to be found in books, in images, in temples. It is to be found in action, in living. The very search for the unknown is love itself, and you cannot search for the unknowable away from relationship. You cannot search for reality, or for what you will, in isolation. It comes into being only in relationship, only when there is right relationship between man and man. So the love of man is the search for reality. Jiddu Krishnamurti , The Collected Works, Vol. IV, p. 172 Please let us be clear on this point — that you cannot by any process, through any discipline, through any form of meditation, go to truth, God, or whatever name you like to give it. It is much too vast, it cannot possibly be conceived of; no description will cover it, no book can hold it, nor any word contain it. So you cannot by any devious method, by any sacrifice, by any discipline or through any guru, go to it. You must await it, it will come to you, you cannot go to it. That is the fundamental thing one has to understand, that not through any trick of the mind, not through any control, through any virtue, any compulsion, any form of suppression, can the mind possibly go to truth. All that the mind can do is be quiet but not with the intention of receiving it. And that is one of the most difficult things of all because we think truth can be experienced right away through doing certain things. Truth is not to be bought any more than love can be bought. Jiddu Krishnamurti , The Collected Works, Second Talk in Poona (10 September 1958) , J.Krishnamurti Online, JKO Serial No. 580910, Vol. XI, p. 20 We know only fragmentarily this extraordinary thing called life; we have never looked at sorrow, except through the screen of escapes; we have never seen the beauty, the immensity of death, and we know it only through fear and sadness. There can be understanding of life, and of the significance and beauty of death, only when the mind on the instant perceives “what is”.You know, sirs, although we differentiate them, love, death, and sorrow are all the same; because, surely, love, death, and sorrow are the unknowable. The moment you know love, you have ceased to love. Love is beyond time; it has no beginning and no end, whereas knowledge has; and when you say, “I know what love is”, you don’t. You know only a sensation, a stimulus. You know the reaction to love, but that reaction is not love. In the same way, you don’t know what death is. You know only the reactions to death, and you will discover the full depth and significance of death only when the reactions have ceased. Jiddu Krishnamurti , The Collected Works, Vol. XI, p. 288 If you want something very, very badly, let it go free. If it comes back to you, it’s yours forever. If it doesn’t, it was never yours to begin with. ~ Jess Lair rightThe Spirit of Love, wherever it is, is its own Blessing and Happiness because it is the Truth and Reality of God in the Soul , and therefore is in the same Joy of Life and is the same Good to itself, everywhere and on every Occasion. ~ William Law Those that go searching for love only make manifest their own lovelessness, and the loveless never find love, only the loving find love, and they never have to seek for it. ~ D. H. Lawrence TO LOVE is to find pleasure in the happiness of others. ~ Gottfried Leibniz If one loves, one need not have an ideology of love. ~ Bruce Lee The bond between true lovers is as close as we come to what endures forever. ~ Ursula K. Le Guin Love is the answer and you know that for sure. Love is a flower, you got to let it — you got to let it grow. ~ John Lennon I love you, always forever Near and far, close and together Everywhere, I will be with you Everything, I will do for you. ~ Donna Lewis Without love no life left on earth. ~ Donna Lewis Love is the state of enlightenment and enlightenment is the state of love. You can't make any separation between them. Enlightenment is the state of no feelings and pure knowledge and so is love. ~ Barry Long Love is a power, a mighty principle that exists in its own right independent of any individual. Man changes, but the principle of love does not and cannot. Love does not leave men and women. Men and women leave love. ~ Barry Long Love makes its record in deeper colors as we grow out of childhood into manhood. ~ Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Love isn't how you feel. It's what you do. ~ Madeleine L'Engle If you want something very, very badly, let it go free. If it comes back to you, it’s yours forever. If it doesn’t, it was never yours to begin with. Jess Lair, an educator, published this saying In 1969, which he obtained from a junior or senior college student according to the Quote Investigator You may find many a brighter one Than your own rose, but there are none So true to thee, Love. Letitia Elizabeth Landon The London Literary Gazette (5th January 1822) 'Song - Are other eyes beguiling, Love ?' Do any thing but love ; or if thou lovest And art a Woman, hide thy love from him Who thou dost worship ; never let him know How dear he is ; flit like a bird before him, — Lead him from tree to tree, from flower to flower ; But be not won, or thou wilt, like that bird, When caught and caged, be left to pine neglected, And perish in forgetfulness. Letitia Elizabeth Landon The London Literary Gazette (26th April 1823) 'Fragment' Love, thou hast hopes like summers, short and bright, Moments of ecstasy, and maddening dreams, Intense delicious throbs! Letitia Elizabeth Landon , The London Literary Gazette (12th October 1822), 'The Basque Girl and Henri Quatre' I loved him too as woman loves — Reckless of sorrow, sin, or scorn. Letitia Elizabeth Landon , The Improvisatrice (1824), Title poem Love is like the glass, That throws its own rich colour over all, And makes all beautiful. Letitia Elizabeth Landon , The Improvisatrice (1824), 'Roland's Tower' And Love is like the lightning in its might, Winging where least bethought its fiery flight, Melting the blade, despite the scabbard's guard. Letitia Elizabeth Landon , The Golden Violet - The Child of the Sea (1827) And this is Love! Oh! why should woman love; Wasting her dearest feelings, till health, hope, Happiness, are but things of which henceforth She'll only know the name? Letitia Elizabeth Landon , The Improvisatrice (1824), 'Love' What was our parting ?—one wild kiss, How wild I may not say, One long and breathless clasp, and then As life were past away. Letitia Elizabeth Landon , The London Literary Gazette (29th March 1823), 'Song - What was our parting ?—one wild kiss' Love is a pearl of purest hue, But stormy waves are round it; And dearly may a woman rue, The hour that she found it. Letitia Elizabeth Landon , The London Literary Gazette (24th May 1823), 'Inez' Ah! never is that cherished face Banished from its accustomed place— It shines upon my weariest night It leads me on in thickest fight: All that seems most opposed to be Is yet associate with thee— Together life and thee depart, Dream—idol—treasure of my heart. Letitia Elizabeth Landon , Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1834 (1833), 'The Zenana' There are words to paint the misery of love, but none to paint its happiness ; that childish, glad, and confiding time, to which youth gave its buoyancy and hope its colours. Its language repeated, ever seems exaggerated or foolish ; albeit there are none who have not thought such sounds "honey-sweet" in their time. The truth is, we never make for others the allowance we make for ourselves ; and we should deny even our own words, could we hear them spoken by another. Letitia Elizabeth Landon , Francesca Carrara (1834), Vol. I, Chapter 1 Pattern love-letter — " I — I — I — you — you — you ; you — you — you — I — I — I," garnished with loves and doves ad libitum. Letitia Elizabeth Landon The New Monthly Magazine (1834), 'A Calendar of the London Seasons' commencing page 425 These blossoms, gathered in familiar paths, With dear companions now passed out of sight, Shall not be laid upon their graves. They live, Since love is deathless. Pleasure now nor pride Is theirs in mortal wise, but hallowing thoughts Will meet the offering, of so little worth, Wanting the benison death has made divine. Lucy Larcom , Poems (1869), Introductory poem Give in to love, or live in fear. Jonathan Larson , "Another Day", Rent (1996) Well, love is a gift, a lot of people don't remember that. So, you two better brace yourselves for a whole lotta ugly comin' at you from a neverending parade of stupid. "Motormouth Maybelle" Queen Latifah 's character in " Hairspray " (2007) Now the Spirit of Love has this Original. God , as considered in himself in his Holy Being, before any thing is brought forth by him or out of him, is only an eternal Will to all Goodness . This is the one eternal immutable God, that from Eternity to Eternity changeth not, that can be neither more nor less nor any thing else but an eternal Will to all the Goodness that is in himself, and can come from him. The Creation of ever so many Worlds or Systems of Creatures adds nothing to, nor takes any thing from this immutable God. He always was and always will be the same immutable Will to all Goodness. So that as certainly as he is the Creator, so certainly is he the Blesser of every created Thing, and can give nothing but Blessing, Goodness, and Happiness from himself because he has in himself nothing else to give. It is much more possible for the Sun to give forth Darkness, than for God to do, or be, or give forth anything but Blessing and Goodness. Now this is the Ground and Original of the Spirit of Love in the Creature; it is and must be a Will to all Goodness, and you have not the Spirit of Love till you have this Will to all Goodness at all Times and on all Occasions. You may indeed do many Works of Love and delight in them, especially at such Times as they are not inconvenient to you, or contradictory to your State or Temper or Occurrences in Life. But the Spirit of Love is not in you till it is the Spirit of your Life, till you live freely, willingly, and universally according to it. For every Spirit acts with Freedom and Universality according to what it is. It needs no command to live its own Life, or be what it is, no more than you need bid Wrath be wrathful. And therefore when Love is the Spirit of your Life, it will have the Freedom and Universality of a Spirit; it will always live and work in Love, not because of This or That, Here or There, but because the Spirit of Love can only love, wherever it is or goes or whatever is done to it. As the Sparks know no Motion but that of flying upwards, whether it be in the Darkness of the Night or in the Light of the Day, so the Spirit of Love is always in the same Course; it knows no Difference of Time, Place, or Persons, but whether it gives or forgives, bears or forbears, it is equally doing its own delightful Work, equally blessed from itself. For the Spirit of Love, wherever it is, is its own Blessing and Happiness because it is the Truth and Reality of God in the Soul, and therefore is in the same Joy of Life and is the same Good to itself, everywhere and on every Occasion. William Law , The Spirit of Love (1752) The world is wonderful and beautiful and good beyond one's wildest imagination. Never, never, never could one conceive what love is, beforehand, never. Life can be great-quite god-like. It can be so. God be thanked I have proved it. D. H. Lawrence (1885-1930), British author. Letter, 2 June 1912 (published in The Letters of D. H. Lawrence , Vol. 1, ed. by James T. Boulton, 1979). Lawrence wrote the letter after eloping to Germany with Frieda von Richthofen, wife of his old university professor, whom he later married. Those that go searching for love only make manifest their own lovelessness, and the loveless never find love, only the loving find love, and they never have to seek for it. D. H. Lawrence , Search for Love If one loves, one need not have an ideology of love. Bruce Lee , The Warrior Within : The Philosophies of Bruce Lee (1996), p. 64 'Cause all of me Love your curves and all your edges All your perfect imperfections Give your all to me I'll give my all to you You're my end and my beginning John Legend , All of Me (12 August 2013) from the August 2013 album Love in the Future Love doesn't just sit there, like a stone, it has to be made, like bread; re-made all the time, made new. Ursula K. Le Guin , The Lathe of Heaven (1971), Ch. 10 What you love, you will love. What you undertake you will complete. You are a fulfiller of hope; you are to be relied on. But seventeen years give little armor against despair...Consider, Arren. To refuse death is to refuse life. Ursula K. Le Guin , The Tombs of Atuan (1971), Chapter 8, "The Children of the Open Sea" (Ged) All or nothing at all, the true lover says, and that’s the truth of it. My love will never die, he says. He claims eternity. And rightly. How can it die when it’s life itself? What do we know of eternity but the glimpse we get of it when we enter in that bond? Ursula K. Le Guin , The Other Wind (2001), Chapter 1 “Mending the Green Pitcher” (pp. 47-48) The bond between true lovers is as close as we come to what endures forever. Ursula K. Le Guin , The Other Wind (2001), Chapter 4 “Dolphin” (p. 231) A profound love between two people involves, after all, the power and chance of doing profound hurt. Ursula K. Le Guin , The Left Hand of Darkness (1969), Chapter 18 “On the Ice” (p. 249) TO LOVE is to find pleasure in the happiness of others. Gottfried Leibniz , A Dialogue (c. 1696) There's nothing you can do that can't be done Nothing you can sing that can't be sung Nothing you can say but you can learn how to play the game It's easy. John Lennon , in his final fading statement in " Mind Games " on Mind Games (1973) How can I give love when I don't know what it is I'm giving? John Lennon , in" How? " from " Imagine ", (1971) It seems to me like this. It's not a terrible thing — I mean, it may be terrible, but it's not damaging, it's not poisoning, to do without something one really wants. It's not bad to say: My work is not what I really want, I'm capable of doing something bigger. Or I'm a person who needs love, and I'm doing without it. What's terrible is to pretend that the second-rate is the first-rate. To pretend that you don't need love when you do; or you like your work when you know quite well you're capable of better. Anna Wulf, in "Free Women: 2" by Doris Lessing from The Golden Notebook (1962) Say you'll love, love me forever Never stop, not for whatever Near and far and always and Everywhere and everything. I love you, always forever Near and far, close and together Everywhere, I will be with you Everything, I will do for you I love you, always forever Near and far, close and together Everywhere, I will be with you Everything, I will do for you. Without love I mean nothing to you Without love broken in two Without love give me some value some worth Without love no life left on earth. Donna Lewis , Without Love (1996) from the 1996 album Now in a Minute The power of love is a curious thing Make a one man weep, make another man sing Change a hawk to a little white dove More than a feeling that's the power of love Tougher than diamonds, rich like cream Stronger and harder than a bad girl's dream Make a bad one good make a wrong one right Power of love that keeps you home at night Huey Lewis and the News, The Power of Love (1985) You don't need money, don't take fame Don't need no credit card to ride this train It's strong and it's sudden and it's cruel sometimes But it might just save your life That's the power of love Huey Lewis and the News, The Power of Love (1985) Love is so simple and spiritual. It is not related to social status, age, or even sexual identity. He who is enamored of himself will at least have the advantage of being inconvenienced by few rivals. H 10 Variant translation: He who is in love with himself has at least this advantage — he won't encounter many rivals. Georg Christoph Lichtenberg , Aphorisms (1765-1799), Notebook H (1784-1788). This quote comes from Wikiquote's Lichtenberg Aphorisms section which was begun primarily with translations by R. J. Hollingdale , augmented by other sources, including Selected Writings of Georg C. Lichtenberg (1893) edited by Adolf Wilbrandt Love is the closest thing to laughter and the closest thing to tears. Love is the motive power of everything in the universe that has beauty in it. Love is the reason for everything and the reward for everything. It’s always seemed strange to me that we have to use the word love for so many things. And yet when you come to think of it, that’s all right, too, because love is in everything in some form or another. Without it, I imagine the flowers would stop blooming and the sun would stop shining and people would stop laughing, and even the rain wouldn’t fall. So love is always growth. I think if I could have just one word for love—it would be understanding. Love must always be unselfish, and strangely enough, love is the only thing in the world that ever is unselfish. And if it isn’t unselfish, it’s only a counterfeit of love. Harold Lloyd , "What is Love? Twelve Men of the Screen Give Their Ideas". Photoplay, February 1925, p. 36. (Photoplay Publishing Company). [6] I suppose the most radical part of my teaching at present is that love is not a feeling. Everybody suffers from love, or the fear of it, or the lack of it. Why? Why is love so universally and inevitably heart-breaking, whether it be through the end of a love affair, the death of a loved one or being locked in with the habitual casualness or grim indifference of a partner? The answer is because we've been taught and conditioned by the world to believe that love is a feeling. Barry Long , Love is not a feeling ~ The Article by Barry Long, published in What is Enlightenment magazine, Volume 4, Number 2, Summer 1995. Feelings are constantly changing. None is dependable for long. You can love someone intensely today, and tomorrow or next month not feel a thing. Except perhaps for the feeling of doubt or depression that what was so beautiful could change so quickly. Barry Long , Love is not a feeling ~ The Article by Barry Long, published in What is Enlightenment magazine, Volume 4, Number 2, Summer 1995. Love is the state of enlightenment and enlightenment is the state of love. You can't make any separation between them. Enlightenment is the state of no feelings and pure knowledge and so is love. Barry Long , Love is not a feeling ~ The Interview An interview of Barry Long by Hal Blacker, editor of What is Enlightenment magazine, published in What is Enlightenment magazine, Volume 4, Number 2, Summer 1995. Love is the state of enlightenment and enlightenment is the state of love. You can't make any separation between them. Enlightenment is the state of no feelings and pure knowledge and so is love. Barry Long , Love is not a feeling ~ The Interview An interview of Barry Long by Hal Blacker, editor of What is Enlightenment magazine, published in What is Enlightenment magazine, Volume 4, Number 2, Summer 1995. Love is not a feeling; it's a sensation. Drinking water when you're thirsty is a sensation, not a feeling. Being in nature or swimming in the sea is a sensation, not a feeling. Lying down when you're tired is sensational, not a feeling, although you may say it feels good. Feeling is an emotional interpretation of experience and these sensations don't need interpretation; they are just good or right. Making physical love rightly is a sensation, not a feeling. So is the love of God. The same goes for joy and beauty; both are sensational.' Barry Long , Love is not a feeling ~ The Article by Barry Long, published in What is Enlightenment magazine, Volume 4, Number 2, Summer 1995. Love is beyond description; but not beyond demonstrating. Love is beyond the mind because it is always new. Any product of the mind is a reaction of the past, a synthesis of what is old. So the mind is a modifier, a reactor; a renovator, but it cannot create the new. Barry Long , Knowing Yourself: The True in the False (Barry Long Books, 1996) Love is all around you like the air and is the very breath of your being. But you cannot know it, feel its unfeeling touch, until you pause in your busy-ness, are still and poised and empty of your wanting and desiring. When at rest the air is easily offended and will flee even from the fanning of a leaf, as love flees from the first thought. But when the air or love moves of its own accord it is a hurricane that drives all before it. Barry Long , The Way In (2000) Human love is not love. Love is natural to every body but it becomes human love as the person learns from society to confuse love with sex. Barry Long , The Way In (2000) O, there is nothing holier, in this life of ours, than the first consciousness of love,—the first fluttering of its silken wings. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , Hyperion (1839), Book III, Chapter VI Ah, how skillful grows the hand That obeyeth Love's command! It is the heart, and not the brain, That to the highest doth attain, And he who followeth Love's behest Far excelleth all the rest! Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , "The Building of the Ship" in Voices of the Night: The Seaside and the Fireside; and Other Poems (1846), p. 34 That was the first sound in the song of love! Scarce more than silence is, and yet a sound. Hands of invisible spirits touch the strings Of that mysterious instrument, the soul, And play the prelude of our fate. We hear The voice prophetic, and are not alone. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , The Spanish Student (1843), Act I, scene 3, line 109 I love thee, as the good love heaven. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , The Spanish Student (1843), Act I, scene 3, line 146 Love keeps the cold out better than a cloak. It serves for food and raiment. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , The Spanish Student (1843), Act I, scene 5, line 52 How can I tell the signals and the signs By which one heart another heart divines? How can I tell the many thousand ways By which it keeps the secret it betrays? Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , Tales of a Wayside Inn (1863-1874), Part III. Student's Tale. Emma and Eginhard, line 75 Love makes its record in deeper colors as we grow out of childhood into manhood; as the Emperors signed their names in green ink when under age, but when of age, in purple. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , Table-Talk (1857), First published in the Blue and Gold edition of Drift-Wood (1857) Every man feels instinctively that all the beautiful sentiments in the world weigh less than a single lovely action. James Russell Lowell , Literary Essays, vol. II (1870-1890), Rousseau and the Sentimentalists "Love isn't how you feel. It's what you do." Madeleine L'Engle , A Wind in the Door , (1973) The words " God is love" have this deep meaning: that everything that is against love is ultimately doomed and damned. Halford E. Luccock , Keeping Life Out of Confusion Sermon (11 September 1938), as quoted in "Disguised Fascism Seen As A Menace" in The New York Times (12 September 1938), p. 15; also in "Fascism comes wrapped in the flag" (with online facsimile of article) Underneath a starry sky Time was still but hours must really have rushed by I didn't realize But love was in your eyes I really should have gone But love went on and on Love, it's not an emotion — Love is a promise ! ~ Steven Moffat Give love and forget that you gave it. ~ Sun Myung Moon But tell me how it is that she could be so beautiful without any heart at all — without any place even for a heart to live in." "I cannot quite tell," she said; "but I am sure she would not look so beautiful if she did not take means to make herself look more beautiful than she is. And then, you know, you began by being in love with her before you saw her beauty … But the chief thing that makes her beautiful is this: that, although she loves no man, she loves the love of any man; and when she finds one in her power, her desire to bewitch him and gain his love (not for the sake of his love either, but that she may be conscious anew of her own beauty, through the admiration he manifests), makes her very lovely—with a self-destructive beauty... George MacDonald , Phantastes (1858), On the Alder Tree I knew now, that it is by loving, and not by being loved, that one can come nearest the soul of another; yea, that, where two love, it is the loving of each other, and not the being loved by each other, that originates and perfects and assures their blessedness. I knew that love gives to him that loveth, power over any soul beloved, even if that soul know him not, bringing him inwardly close to that spirit; a power that cannot be but for good; for in proportion as selfishness intrudes, the love ceases, and the power which springs therefrom dies. Yet all love will, one day, meet with its return. All true love will, one day, behold its own image in the eyes of the beloved, and be humbly glad. This is possible in the realms of lofty Death . Madonna , Frozen (February 23, 1998) from the album Ray of Light (March 3, 1998) One plus one equals both. Gregory Maguire , Wicked No one is born hating another person because of the colour of his skin, or his background, or his religion. People must learn to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite. Nelson Mandela , Long Walk to Freedom (1995) I will make love my greatest weapon and none on whom I call can defend against its force. My reasoning they may counter; my speech they may distrust; my apparel they may disapprove; my face they may reject; and even my bargains may cause them suspicion; yet my love will melt all hearts liken to the sun whose rays soften the coldest clay. I will greet this day with love in my heart. Og Mandino , The Greatest Salesman in the World (1968), Ch. 9 : The Scroll Marked II, p. 58 Henceforth I will look upon all things with love and I will be born again. I will love the sun for it warms my bones; yet I will love the rain for it cleanses my spirit. I will love the light for it shows me the way; yet I will love the darkness for it shows me the stars. I will welcome happiness because it enlarges my heart; yet I will endure sadness because it opens my soul. I will acknowledge rewards because they are my due; yet I will welcome obstacles because they are my challenge. I will greet this day with love in my heart. Og Mandino , The Greatest Salesman in the World (1968), Ch. 9 : The Scroll Marked II, p. 58 Socrates … said the subtlest thing of all: that the lover was nearer the divine than the beloved. Thomas Mann , Death in Venice, H. Lowe-Porter, trans. (1930), pp. 45-46 Contrary to Pascal 's saying, we don't love qualities, we love persons; sometimes by reason of their defects as well as of their qualities. Jacques Maritain , Reflections on America‎ (1958), p. 20 To him she seemed so beautiful, so seductive, so different from ordinary people, that he could not understand why no one was as disturbed as he by the clicking of her heels on the paving stones, why no one else's heart was wild with the breeze stirred by the sighs of her veils, why everyone did not go mad with the movements of her braid, the flight of her hands, the gold of her laughter. He had not missed a single one of her gestures, not one of the indications of her character, but he did not dare approach her for fear of destroying the spell. Gabriel García Márquez , Love in the Time of Cholera‎ (1985; translated by Alfred A. Knopf, 1988), p. 100 He drew a circle that shut me out — Heretic, rebel, a thing to flout. But Love and I had the wit to win: We drew a circle that took him in. Edwin Markham , "Outwitted", from The Shoes of Happiness, and Other Poems (1913) I am human and I need to be loved Just like everybody else does Johnny Marr and Morrissey , How Soon Is Now? , Hatful of Hollow (1985) Life on earth is a hand-to-hand mortal combat... between the law of love and the law of hate . José Martí , Letter (1881), as quoted in The Conscience of Worms and the Cowardice of Lions : Cuban Politics and Culture in an American Context (1993) by Irving Louis Horowit, p. 11 In the majority of cases which are brought to me as a consulting psychologist for love and marital adjustment, there are self-deceptions to be uncovered as well as attempts to deceive other people. Beneath such love conflicts there is almost always a festering psychological core of dishonesty. William Moulton Martson, Lie Detector Test, p. 119 [7] A male hero, at best, lacks the qualities of maternal love and tenderness which are as essential to a normal child as the breath of life. Suppose your child's ideal becomes a superman who uses his extraordinary power to help the weak. The most important ingredient in the human happiness recipe still is missing-love. It's smart to be strong. It's big to be generous. But it's sissified according to exclusively masculine rules, to be tender, loving affectionate, and alluring. "Aw, that;'s girls stuff!" snorts our young comics reader. "Who wants to be a girl?" And that's the point. Not even girls want to be girls so long as our feminine archetype lacks force, strength, and power. Not wanting to be girls, they don't want to be tender, submissive, peace-loving as good women are. Women's strong qualities have become despised because of their weakness. The obvious remedy is to create a feminine character with all the strength of Superman plus all the allure of a good and beautiful woman. William Moulton Marston The Secret History of Wonder Woman, (2014) by Jill Lepore [8] Love is... born with the pleasure of looking at each other, it is fed with the necessity of seeing each other, it is concluded with the impossibility of separation! José Martí , Amor (1881) Mankind is composed of two sorts of men — those who love and create, and those who hate and destroy. José Martí , "Letter to a Cuban Farmer" (1893) Peoples are made of hate and of love, and more of hate than love. But love, like the sun that it is, sets afire and melts everything. José Martí , My Race (1893), "Mi Raza", first published in Patria (16 April 1893) Full translation online Men of action, above all those whose actions are guided by love, live forever. Other famous men, those of much talk and few deeds, soon evaporate. Action is the dignity of greatness. José Martí , My Race (1893), "Mi Raza", first published in Patria (16 April 1893) Full translation online There is happiness in duty, although it may not seem so. To fulfill one's duty elevates the soul to a state of constant sweetness. Love is the bond between men, the way to teach and the center of the world . José Martí , My Race (1893), "Mi Raza", first published in Patria (16 April 1893) Full translation online I found the greatest love of all inside of me. The greatest love of all is easy to achieve. Learning to love yourself, it is the greatest love of all. Michael Masser and Linda Creed , songwriters of "The Greatest Love of All" The tragedy of love is indifference . W. Somerset Maugham , The Trembling of a Leaf, ch. 4 But when all was said the important thing was to love rather than to be loved. W. Somerset Maugham , [w:Of Human Bondage\|Of Human Bondage]] Ch. 70 There's always one who loves and one who lets himself be loved. W. Somerset Maugham , [w:Of Human Bondage\|Of Human Bondage]], Ch. 71 Life isn't long enough for love and art. W. Somerset Maugham , [w:Of Human Bondage\|Of Human Bondage]], Ch. 21, p. 83 (estimated) We are not the same persons this year as last; nor are those we love. It is a happy chance if we, changing, continue to love a changed person. W. Somerset Maugham , A Writer's Notebook (1946), p. 13 He loved her so passionately he wanted her to be one soul and one body with him; and he was conscious that here, with those deep roots attaching her to the native life, she would always keep something from him. W. Somerset Maugham , Collected short stories 1, "The pool", p. 123 When I fall in love, I feel more valuable and I treat myself with more care. We have all observed the hesitant adolescent, uncertain of himself, who, when he or she falls in love, suddenly walks with a certain inner assuredness and confidence, a mien which seems to say, "You are looking at somebody now." … this inner sense of worth that comes with being in love does not seem to depend essentially on whether the love is returned or not. Rollo May , Love and Will (1969), p. 84 When we "fall" in love, as the expressive verb puts it, the world shakes and changes around us, not only in the way it looks but in our whole experience of what we are doing in the world. Generally, the shaking is consciously felt in its positive aspects … Love is the answer, we sing. … our Western culture seems to be engaged in a romantic — albeit desperate — conspiracy to enforce the illusion that that is all there is to eros. Rollo May , Love and Will (1969), p. 100 To love means to open ourselves to the negative as well as the positive — to grief, sorrow, and disappointment as well as to joy, fulfillment, and an intensity of consciousness we did not know was possible before. Rollo May , Love and Will (1969), p. 100 And in the end the love you take is equal to the love you make. Paul McCartney , in " The End " from Abbey Road (1969) Love is the root of all joy and sorrow. Meister Eckhart , Meister Eckhart’s Sermons , translated into English by Claud Field (1909), Sermon III: The Angel's Greeting All true morality, inward and outward, is comprehended in love, for love is the foundation of all the commandments. All outward morality must be built upon this basis, not on self-interest. As long as man loves something else than God, or outside God, he is not free, because he has not love. Therefore there is no inner freedom which does not manifest itself in works of love. True freedom is the government of nature in and outside man through God; freedom is essential existence unaffected by creatures. But love often begins with fear; fear is the approach to love: fear is like the awl which draws the shoemaker's thread through the leather. Meister Eckhart , Meister Eckhart’s Sermons , translated into English by Claud Field (1909), Sermon VII : Outward and Inward Morality Adultery is the application of democracy to love. H. L. Mencken in A Mencken Chrestomathy (1949) To say that I am made in the image of God is to say that Love is the reason for my existence, for God is love. Love is my true identity. Selflessness is my true self. Love is my true character. Love is my name. Thomas Merton , Seeds of Contemplation (1949) Persons are not known by intellect alone, not by principles alone, but only by love. It is when we love the other, the enemy, that we obtain from God the key to an understanding of who he is, and who we are. It is only this realization that can open to us the real nature of our duty, and of right action. Thomas Merton , in a letter to Dorothy Day (20 December 1961) Love is not all: it is not meat nor drink Nor slumber nor a roof against the rain; Nor yet a floating spar to men that sink And rise and sink and rise and sink again; Love can not fill the thickened lung with breath, Nor clean the blood, nor set the fractured bone; Yet many a man is making friends with death Even as I speak, for lack of love alone. Edna St. Vincent Millay , in "Sonnet XXX" from Fatal Interview (1931) I am bewildered by the death of love. And my responsibility for it. Arthur Miller , Quentin in After the Fall (1964), Act II I saw clearly only when I saw with love. Or can one ever remember love? It's like trying to summon up the smell of roses in a cellar. You might see a rose, but never the perfume. And that's the truth of roses, isn't it? — The perfume? Arthur Miller , Quentin in After the Fall (1964), Act II Love means to look at yourself The way one looks at distant things For you are only one thing among many. And whoever sees that way heals his heart, Without knowing it, from various ills — A bird and a tree say to him: Friend. Czesław Miłosz , Rescue (1945), "The World": Love (1943), trans. Czesŀaw Miŀosz Imparadis'd in one another's arms. John Milton , Paradise Lost (1667; 1674), Book IV, line 50 Hail wedded love, mysterious law, true source Of human offspring. John Milton , Paradise Lost (1667; 1674), Book IV, line 750-751 Freely we serve, Because we freely love, as in our will To love or not; in this we stand or fall. John Milton , Paradise Lost (1667; 1674), Book V, lines 538-540 So dear I love him, that with him all deaths I could endure, without him live no life. John Milton , Paradise Lost (1667; 1674), Book IX, line 832 It is not virtue, wisdom, valour, wit, Strength, comeliness of shape, or amplest merit, That woman's love can win, or long inherit; But what it is, hard is to say, Harder to hit. John Milton , Samson Agonistes (1671), line 1,010 Love would master self; and having made the mastery stretch onward and upward toward infinitude. Donald G. Mitchell , reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 394 Do you know how you make someone into a Dalek ? Subtract Love, add Anger . Steven Moffat , in lines written for Oswin Oswald , in Asylum of the Daleks (1 September 2012) Love, it's not an emotion — Love is a promise ! Steven Moffat , in lines for the Twelfth incarnation of the Doctor in Doctor Who : Death in Heaven (8 November 2014) Give love and forget that you gave it. Love on through all ills, and love on till they die! Thomas Moore , Lalla Rookh (1817), The Light of the Harem, line 653 The hunger for love is much more difficult to remove than the hunger for bread. Mother Teresa , Interview by Edward W. Desmond in TIME magazine (4 December 1989) Love is a fruit in season at all times, and within reach of every hand . Anyone may gather it and no limit is set. Everyone can reach this love through meditation , spirit of prayer , and sacrifice, by an intense inner life . Teresa, Mother ; Dorothy S. Hunt (1987). Love, a fruit always in season: Daily meditations from the words of Mother Teresa of Calcutta . San Francisco, CA: Ignatius Press. ISBN 9780898701678 . Spread love everywhere you go; first of all in your house. Give love to your children, to your wife or husband, to a next door neighbor. Let no one ever come to you without leaving better and happier. Mother Teresa , as quoted in Worldwide Laws of Life : 200 Eternal Spiritual Principles‎ (1998) by John Templeton , p. 448 Don't look for big things, just do small things with great love....The smaller the thing, the greater must be our love. Mother Teresa , as quoted in Mother Teresa : Come Be My Light (2007) by Brian Kolodiejchuk When feudal lords love one another there will be no more war; when heads of houses love one another there will be no more mutual usurpation; when individuals love one another there will be no more mutual injury. When ruler and ruled love each other they will be gracious and loyal; when father and son love each other they will be affectionate and filial; when older and younger brothers love each other they will be harmonious. When all the people in the world love one another, then the strong will not overpower the weak, the many will not oppress the few, the wealthy will not mock the poor, the honoured will not disdain the humble, and the cunning will not deceive the simple. And it is all due to mutual love that calamities, strife, complaints, and hatred are prevented from arising. Therefore the benevolent exalt it. Mozi Book 4; Universal Love II Now, as to universal love and mutual aid, they are beneficial and easy beyond a doubt. It seems to me that the only trouble is that there is no superior who encourages it. If there is a superior who encourages it, promoting it with rewards and commendations, threatening its reverse with punishments, I feel people will tend toward universal love and mutual aid like fire tending upward and water downwards — it will be unpreventable in the world. Mozi Book 4; Universal Love III My love for you is past the mind, beyond my heart, and into my soul. Bessie: I've been lucky to have so much love in my life. Lee: Yes, Marvin and Ruth love you so much. Bessie: No, I’ve been lucky to be able to love them so much. Marvin's Room If we are to express the love in our own hearts, we must also understand what love meant to Socrates and Saint Francis, to Dante and Shakespeare, to Emily Dickinson and Christina Rossetti, to the explorer Shackleton and to the intrepid physicians who deliberately exposed themselves to yellow fever. These historic manifestations of love are not recorded in the day's newspaper or the current radio program: they are hidden to people who possess only fashionable minds. Sir Isaac Newton , A short Schem of the true Religion, Undated manuscript: Keynes Ms. 7: '"A short Schem of the true Religion'" Nothing we do, however virtuous, can be accomplished alone; therefore, we are saved by love. No virtuous act is quite as virtuous from the standpoint of our friend or foe as from our own; therefore, we are saved by the final form of love, which is forgiveness. Reinhold Niebuhr , The Irony of American History, Charles Scribner’s Sons (1952) Why is love intensified by absence? Audrey Niffenegger , The Time Traveler's Wife If only we could all escape from this house of incest, where we only love ourselves in the other, if only I could save you all from yourselves. Anaïs Nin , House of Incest (1936) Love reduces the complexity of living. Anaïs Nin , in June 1932 entry in her journal; published in Henry and June : from a journal of love : the Unexpurgated Diary of Anaïs Nin (1990), p. 178 You cannot save people, you can only love them. Anaïs Nin , The Diary Of Anais Nin, Volume Two (1934-1939) Someday I'll be locked up for love insanity. "She loved too much." Anaïs Nin , The Diary Of Anais Nin, Volume Two (1934-1939) Oh, God, I know no joy as great as a moment of rushing into a new love, no ecstasy like that of a new love. I swim in the sky; I float; my body is full of flowers, flowers with fingers giving me acute, acute caresses, sparks, jewels, quivers of joy, dizziness, such dizziness. Music inside of one, drunkenness. Only closing the eyes and remembering, and the hunger, the hunger for more, more, the great hunger, the voracious hunger, and thirst. Anaïs Nin (30 May 1934), in The Diary Of Anais Nin, Volume Two (1934-1939) No one but a woman in love ever sees the maximum of men's greatness . Anaïs Nin (18 June 1934), in The Diary Of Anais Nin, Volume Two (1934-1939) Love is the axis and breath of my life. The art I produce is a byproduct, an excrescence of love, the song I sing, the joy which must explode, the overabundance — that is all! Anaïs Nin (21 October 1934), in The Diary Of Anais Nin, Volume Two (1934-1939) You are like a person who consumes herself in love and giving and does not know the miracles that are born of this. Anaïs Nin , A Spy in the House of Love (1954) The enemy of a love is never outside, it's not a man or woman, it's what we lack in ourselves. Anaïs Nin , A Spy in the House of Love (1954) I think that natural truths will cease to be spat at us like insults, that aesthetics will once more be linked with ethics, and that people will become aware that in casting out aesthetics that they also cast out a respect for human life, a respect for creation, a respect for spiritual values. Aesthetics was an expression of man's need to be in love with his world. The cult of ugliness is a regression. It destroys our appetite, our love for our world. Anaïs Nin , The Novel of the Future (1969) Anxiety is love's greatest killer. It makes one feel as you might when a drowning man holds unto you. You want to save him, but you know he will strangle you with his panic. Anaïs Nin , as quoted in French Writers of the Past (2000) by Carol A. Dingle, p. 126 A heart can no more be forced to love than a stomach can be forced to digest food by persuasion. Every beloved object is the center point of a paradise. Novalis , Blüthenstaub-Fragmente (1798), Fragment No. 51; Jeder geliebte Gegenstand ist der Mittelpunkt eines Paradieses. Variant translations: Every beloved object is the centre of a Paradise. As quoted by Thomas Carlyle in "Novalis" (1829) Every beloved object is the midpoint to paradise. Love works magic. It is the final purpose Of the world story, We have come by curious ways To the Light that holds the days; We have sought in haunts of fear For that all-enfolding sphere: And lo! it was not far, but near. We have found, O foolish-fond, The shore that has no shore beyond. Deep in every heart it lies With its untranscended skies; For what heaven should bend above Hearts that own the heaven of love? Alfred Noyes , The Flower of Old Japan and Other Poems (1907), The Flower of Old Japan, Epilogue Your dreamers may dream it The shadow of a dream, Your sages may deem it A bubble on the stream; Yet our kingdom draweth nigher With each dawn and every day, Through the earthquake and the fire "Love will find out the way." Alfred Noyes , Drake, an English Epic (1908), Song, Book VIII, p. 146 Heart of my heart, the world is young; Love lies hidden in every rose! Every song that the skylark sung Once, we thought, must come to a close: Now we know the spirit of song, Song that is merged in the chant of the whole, Hand in hand as we wander along, What should we doubt of the years that roll? Alfred Noyes , Unity, § I, Unity, § I Heart of my heart, we are one with the wind, One with the clouds that are whirled o'er the lea, One in many, O broken and blind, One as the waves are at one with the sea! Ay! when life seems scattered apart, Darkens, ends as a tale that is told, One, we are one, O heart of my heart, One, still one, while the world grows old. Alfred Noyes , Unity, § I, Unity, § III Your God still walks in Eden, between the ancient trees, Where Youth and Love go wading through pools of primroses. And this is the sign we bring you, before the darkness fall, That Spring is risen, is risen again, That Life is risen, is risen again, That Love is risen, is risen again, and Love is Lord of all. Alfred Noyes , The Lord of Misrule and Other Poems (1915), The Lord of Misrule If you want to be loved, be lovable. ~ Ovid Let love steal in disguised as friendship. ~ Ovid Nobody can teach you love. Love you have to find yourself, within your being, by raising your consciousness to higher levels. And when love comes, there is no question of responsibility. You do things because you enjoy doing them for the person you love. You are not obliging the person, you are not even wanting anything in return, not even gratitude. On the contrary, you are grateful that the person has allowed you to do something for him. It was your joy, sheer joy. Love knows nothing of responsibility. It does many things, it is very creative; it shares all that it has, but it is not a responsibility, remember. Responsibility is an ugly word in comparison to love. Love is natural. Responsibility is created by the cunning priests, politicians who want to dominate you in the name of God, in the name of the nation, in the name of family, in the name of religion -- any fiction will do. But they don't talk about love. On the contrary, they are all against love, because love is unable to be controlled by them. A man of love acts out of his own heart, not according to any moral code. A man of love will not join the army because it is his responsibility to fight for his nation. A man of love will say there are no nations, and there is no question of any fight. Osho Sat Chit Anand Every lover is a soldier. (Love is a warfare). Ovid , Amorum (16 BC), I. 9. 1 Qui non vult fieri desidiosus, amet. Let the man who does not wish to be idle, fall in love. Ovid , Amorum (16 BC), I. 9. 46 Sic ego nec sine te nec tecum vivere possum Et videor voti nescius esse mei. Thus I am not able to exist either with you or without you; and I seem not to know my own wishes. Ovid , Amorum (16 BC), Book III. 10. 39 Qui finem quaeris amoris/Cedit amor rebus; res age, tutus eris. Love yields to business. If you seek a way out of love, be busy; you'll be safe then. Ovid , Remedia Amoris, 143 If you want to be loved, be lovable. Variant: To be loved, be lovable. Ovid , Ars Amatoria (The Art of Love), II, 107 Intret amicitiae nomine tectus amor. Let love steal in disguised as friendship. Variant: Love will enter cloaked in friendship's name. Context: Cool off; don't let her think you too importunate. Do not betray the hope of too swift a victory; let Love steal in disguised as Friendship. I've often seen a woman thus disarmed, and friendship ripen into love. Ovid , The Art of Love, Book 1, line 720, translated by J. Lewis May in The Love Books of Ovid, 1930 Blaise Pascal , Pensées , Section I Thoughts on Mind and Style (1-59), 14 Le cœur a ses raisons, que la raison ne connaît point. On le sent en mille choses. C'est le cœur qui sent Dieu, et non la raison. Voilà ce que c'est que la foi parfaite, Dieu sensible au cœur. The heart has its reasons, which Reason does not know. We feel it in a thousand things. It is the heart which feels God, and not Reason. This, then, is perfect faith: God felt in the heart. Blaise Pascal , Pensées , Section IV On the Means of the Belief (242-290), 277 ; The first sentence is widely quoted in English as "The heart has its reasons which reason knows not of." Also as "'The heart has its reasons, which reason does not know." Variant translations: The heart has its reasons, of which reason knows nothing. We find this in a thousand instances. It is the heart which feels God, and not the reasoning powers. And this is faith made perfect : — God realized by feeling in the heart. Though I speak with the tongues of men and of angels, but have not love, I have become sounding brass or a clanging cymbal. And though I have the gift of prophecy, and understand all mysteries and all knowledge, and though I have all faith, so that I could remove mountains, but have not love, I am nothing. And though I bestow all my goods to feed the poor, and though I give my body to be burned, but have not love, it profits me nothing. Love suffers long and is kind; love does not envy; love does not parade itself, is not puffed up; does not behave rudely, does not seek its own, is not provoked, thinks no evil; does not rejoice in iniquity, but rejoices in the truth; bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things. Love never fails. But whether there are prophecies, they will fail; whether there are tongues, they will cease; whether there is knowledge, it will vanish away. For we know in part and we prophesy in part. But when that which is perfect has come, then that which is in part will be done away. When I was a child, I spoke as a child, I understood as a child, I thought as a child; but when I became a man, I put away childish things. For now we see in a mirror, dimly, but then face to face. Now I know in part, but then I shall know just as I also am known. And now abide faith, hope, love, these three; but the greatest of these is love. Paul of Tarsus , I Corinthians Ch. 13 (NKJV) Variant translation: Love is patient, love is kind, it does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud, it is not rude, it is not self seeking. It is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrong. Love does not delight in evil, but rejoices in the truth. It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, always perservers. Love never fails. 1 Corinthians 13:4-8 The three most important things to have are faith, hope and love. But the greatest of them is love. Paul of Tarsus , in 1 Corinthians 13:13 (New International Readers Version) Let no debt remain outstanding, except the continuing debt to love one another, for whoever loves others has fulfilled the law. The commandments, “You shall not commit adultery,” “You shall not murder,” “You shall not steal,” “You shall not covet,” and whatever other command there may be, are summed up in this one command: “Love your neighbor as yourself.” Love does no harm to a neighbor. Therefore love is the fulfillment of the law. Love is the cheapest of religions. Cesare Pavese , This Business of Living, 1939-12-21 Over the mountains, Edgar Allan Poe , "The Philosophy of Composition" (published 1846) How vast a memory has Love! Alexander Pope , "Sappho to Phaon", line 52 (1712) Love seldom haunts the breast where learning lies, And Venus sets ere Mercury can rise. Alexander Pope , "The Wife of Bath her Prologue, from Chaucer" (c.1704, published 1713), line 369 Curse on all laws but those which love has made. Alexander Pope , Eloisa to Abelard (1717), line 74 Fame, wealth, and honour! what are you to Love? Alexander Pope , Eloisa to Abelard (1717), line 77 Not grace, or zeal, love only was my call, And if I lose thy love, I lose my all. Alexander Pope , Eloisa to Abelard (1717), line 177 Of all affliction taught a lover yet, 'Tis true the hardest science to forget. Alexander Pope , Eloisa to Abelard (1717), line 189 One thought of thee puts all the pomp to flight; Priests, tapers, temples, swim before my sight. Alexander Pope , Eloisa to Abelard (1717), line 273 When the heart stops for one beat it is desire, when it stops for one life time it is love Lucy Powell, The Heart Yearns But Once (2004) In all of nature, a male belongs to a female that he fancies and who fancies him. And so among the animals there are no idiots. But with us!... I'm a Jew , so I musn't love a Christian woman... He's a merchant, so he's got no right to a countess... And you who've got no money, you've no rights to any woman at all... Kissing Agathon, I held my life on my lips. It wanted to pass over, poor thing, into him. The good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge ~ Bertrand Russell Boys and girls should be taught respect for each other's liberty... and that jealousy and possessiveness kill love. ~ Bertrand Russell Love is our response to our highest values. Ayn Rand , Atlas Shrugged (1957) Love is the expression of one's values, the greatest reward you can earn for the moral qualities you have achieved in your character and person, the emotional price paid by one man for the joy he receives from the virtues of another. Ayn Rand , Atlas Shrugged (1957) "Love is blind, they say; sex is impervious to reason and mocks the power of all philosophers. But, in fact, a man's sexual choice is the result and the sum of his fundamental convictions. Tell me what a man finds sexually attractive and I will tell you his entire philosophy of life. Show me the woman he sleeps with and I will tell you his valuation of himself... The man who is proudly certain of his own value, will want the highest type of woman he can find, the woman he admires, the strongest, the hardest to conquer—because only the possession of a heroine will give him the sense of an achievement, not the possession of a brainless slut." Francisco d'Anconia in Ayn Rand , Atlas Shrugged (1957), Part Two: Either-Or, Chapter Four: The Sanction of the Victim "Let a man corrupt his values and his view of existence, let him profess that love is not self-enjoyment but self-denial, that virtue consists, not of pride, but of pity or pain or weakness or sacrifice, that the noblest love is born, not of admiration, but of charity, not in response to values, but in response to flaws—and he will have cut himself in two. His body will not obey him, it will not respond, it will make him impotent toward the woman he professes to love and draw him to the lowest type of whore he can find. His body will always follow the ultimate logic of his deepest convictions; if he believes that flaws are values, he has damned existence as evil and only the evil will attract him. He has damned himself and he will feel that depravity is all he is worthy of enjoying." Francisco d'Anconia in Ayn Rand , Atlas Shrugged (1957), Part Two: Either-Or, Chapter Four: The Sanction of the Victim One can't love man without hating most of the creatures who pretend to bear his name. Ayn Rand , The Fountainhead (1943) "We never need to say anything to each other when we're together. This is- for the time when we won't be together. I love you, Dominique. As selfishly as the fact that I exist. As selfishly as my lungs breath air. I breathe for my own necessity, for the fuel of my body, for my survival. I've given you not my sacrifice or my pity, but my ego and my naked need. This is the only way you can wish to be loved. This is the only way I can want you to love me. If you married me now, I would become your whole existence. But I would not want you then. You would not want yourself-and so you would not love me long. To say 'I love you' one must first know how to say the 'I'. The kind of surrender I could have from you now would give me nothing but an empty hulk. If I demanded it, I'd destroy you. That's why I won't stop you. I'll let you go to your husband. I don't know how I'll live through tonight, but I will. I want you whole, as I am, as you'll remain in the battle you've chosen. A battle is never selfless. [...] You must learn not to be afraid of the world. Not to be held by it as you are now. Never to be hurt by it as you were in that courtroom. I must let you learn it. I can't help you. You must find your own way. When you have, you'll come back to me. They won't destroy me, Dominique. And they won't destroy you. You'll win, because you've chosen the hardest way of fighting for your freedom from the world. I'll wait for you. I love you. I'm saying this now for all the years we'll have to wait. I love you, Dominique." Howard Roark in Ayn Rand 's The Fountainhead (1943), Part II "...love is reverence, and worship, and glory, and the upward glance. Not a bandage for dirty sores. But they don't know it. Those who speak of love most promiscuously are the ones who've never felt it. They make some sort of feeble stew out of sympathy, compassion, contempt and general indifference, and they call it love. Once you've felt what it means to love as you and I know it--the total passion for the total height--you're incapable of anything less." Gail Wynand, speaking to Dominique Keating in Ayn Rand 's The Fountainhead (1943), Part III "...love is exception-making." Gail Wynand, in Ayn Rand 's The Fountainhead (1943), Part IV To get things done, you must love the doing, not the secondary consequences. The work, not the people. Your own action, not any possible object of your charity. Howard Roark in Ayn Rand 's The Fountainhead (1943), Part IV, p. 578 "What you feel in the presence of a thing you admire is just one word--'Yes.' The affirmation, the acceptance, the sign of admittance. And that 'Yes' is more than an answer to one thing, it's a kind of 'Amen' to life, to the earth that holds this thing, to the thought that created it, to yourself for being able to see it. But the ability to say 'Yes' or 'No' is the essence of all ownership. It's your ownership of your own ego. Your soul, if you wish. Your soul has a single basic function--the act of valuing. 'Yes' or 'No,' 'I wish' or 'I do not wish.' You can't say 'Yes' without saying 'I." There's no affirmation without the one who affirms. In this sense, everything to which you grant your love is yours. [...] "Howard, that 'Yes'--once granted, can it be withdrawn?" "Never." Ayn Rand , Apollo and Dionysus (1969) [The hippies] were told that love - indiscriminate love for one's fellow man - is the highest virtue, and they obeyed. They were told that the merging of one's self with a herd, tribe, or community is the noblest way for a man to live, and they obeyed. There isn't a philosophical idea of today's establishment which they have not accepted, which they do not share. When they discovered this philosophy did not work, because in fact it cannot work, the hippies had neither the wit nor the courage to challenge it. They found, instead, an outlet for their impotent frustration by accusing their elders of hypocrisy, as if hypocrisy were the only obstacle to the realization of their dreams. And, left blindly, helplessly lobotomized in the face of an inexplicable reality that is not amenable to their feelings, they have no recourse but the shouting of obscenities at anything that frustrates their whims; at man, or at the rainy sky, indiscriminately, with no concept of the difference. It is typical of today's culture that the proponents of seething, raging hostility are taken as advocates of love. Ayn Rand , Apollo and Dionysus (1969) Liebe, Arbeit und Wissen sind die Quellen unseres Lebens. Sie sollen es auch regieren. Love, work and knowledge are the well-springs of our life . They should also govern it. Wilhelm Reich 's personal motto, the English translation used at least as early as The Function of the Orgasm (1948), a translation of Die Funktion des Orgasmus (1927) Psychic health depends on orgastic potency, i.e., upon the degree to which one can surrender to and experience the climax of excitation in the natural sexual act. It is founded upon the healthy character attitude of the individual's capacity for love. Psychic illnesses are the result of a disturbance of the natural capacity for love. Wilhelm Reich , The Function of the Orgasm (1927), General Survey Only the liberation of the natural capacity for love in human beings can master their sadistic destructiveness. Wilhelm Reich , The Function of the Orgasm (1927), Ch. V : The Development of the Character-Analytic Technique You beg for happiness in life, but security is more important to you, even if it costs you your spine or your life. Your life will be good and secure when aliveness will mean more to you than security; love more than money; your freedom more than party line or public opinion; when your thinking will be in harmony with your feelings; when the teachers of your children will be better paid than the politicians; when you will have more respect for the love between man and woman than for a marriage license. Wilhelm Reich , Listen, Little Man! (1948) Follow the voice of your heart , even if it leads you off the path of timid souls . Do not become hard and embittered, even if life tortures you at times. There is only one thing that counts: to live one's life well and happily... Wilhelm Reich , Listen, Little Man! (1948) In hatred as in love, we grow like the thing we brood upon. What we loathe, we graft into our very soul. Mary Renault , The Mask of Apollo (1966) Love is the garment of knowledge.' Kenneth Rexroth , Eckhart, Brethren of the Free Spiritfrom Communalism: From Its Origins to the Twentieth Century (1974), ch. 4 The holiness of the real Is always there, accessible In total immanence. The nodes Of transcendence coagulate And in the other, the lover. Kenneth Rexroth , In Defense of the Earth (1956) Now I know surely and forever, However much I have blotted our Waking love, its memory is still there. And I know the web, the net, The blind and crippled bird. For then, for One brief instant it was not blind, nor Trapped, not crippled. For one heart beat the Heart was free and moved itself. O love, I who am lost and damned with words, Whose words are a business and an art, I have no words. These words, this poem, this Is all confusion and ignorance. But I know that coached by your sweet heart, My heart beat one free beat and sent Through all my flesh the blood of truth. Tim Robbins , Even Cowgirls Get the Blues (1976) I’m not quite twenty, but, thanks to you, I’ve learned something that many women these days never learn: Prince Charming really is a toad. And the Beautiful Princess has halitosis. The bottom line is that (a) people are never perfect , but love can be, (b) that is the one and only way that the mediocre and the vile can be transformed, and (c) doing that makes it that. Loving makes love. Loving makes itself. We waste time looking for the perfect lover instead of creating the perfect love. Wouldn’t that be the way to make love stay? Tim Robbins , Still Life with Woodpecker (1980), Leigh-Cheri to Bernard, in Phase III, Ch. 46 Love is the ultimate outlaw. It just won’t adhere to any rules . The most any of us can do is to sign on as its accomplice. Instead of vowing to honor and obey , maybe we should swear to aid and abet. That would mean that security is out of the question. The words “make” and “stay” become inappropriate. My love for you has no strings attached. I love you for free. Tim Robbins , Still Life with Woodpecker (1980), Bernard to Leigh-Cheri, in Phase III, Ch. 46 No matter how much others might love you, you can’t love yourself unless you’re in charge of your own actions, and you’ll never take charge as long as you can get away with blaming your shortcomings and misfortunes on your family or society or your race or gender or Satan or whatever… You cannot love someone you do not know -- not unless you water down the definition of love so much that it becomes meaningless. Jane Roberts , The Nature of the Psyche: Its Human Expression, p. 105 * One makes mistakes; that is life . But it is never a mistake to have loved. Romain Rolland , as quoted in On Relationships: A Book for Teenagers (1999) by Kimberly Kirberger A mature person is one who does not think only in absolutes, who is able to be objective even when deeply stirred emotionally, who has learned that there is both good and bad in all people and all things, and who walks humbly and deals charitably with the circumstances of life, knowing that in this world no one is all-knowing and therefore all of us need both love and charity.' Eleanor Roosevelt , You Learn by Living (1960), p. 63 It takes courage to love, but pain through love is the purifying fire which those who love generously know. We all know people who are so much afraid of pain that they shut themselves up like clams in a shell and, giving out nothing, receive nothing and therefore shrink until life is a mere living death. (1 April 1939) Eleanor Roosevelt , My Day (1935 - 1962), Her daily newspaper column (1 April 1939) We love what we love. Reason does not enter into it. In many ways, unwise love is the truest love. Anyone can love a thing because. That's as easy as putting a penny in your pocket. But to love something despite. To know the flaws and love them too. That is rare and pure and perfect. Patrick Rothfuss , The Wise Man's Fear (2011) Love makes you do the wacky. "Willow Rosenberg" (played by Alyson Hannigan ), from Buffy the Vampire Slayer , Season 2, Episode 2, "Some Assembly Required" Love is the ark appointed for the righteous, Which annuls the danger and provides a way of escape. Sell your cleverness and buy bewilderment. Cleverness is mere opinion, bewilderment intuition. Rumi , The Masnavi , Book IV, Story II, as translated in Masnavi I Ma'navi : The Spiritual Couplets of Maulána Jalálu-'d-Dín Muhammad Rúmí (1898) by Edward Henry Whinfield Variant: Sell your cleverness and buy bewilderment. Cleverness is mere opinion, bewilderment is intuition. As quoted in The Perennial Philosophy (1945) by Aldous Huxley Let the beauty of what you love be what you do. Rumi as quoted in Path for Greatness : Spiritualty at Work (2000) by Linda J. Ferguson, p. 51 What is the body? That shadow of a shadow of your love, that somehow contains the entire universe. Rumi , "Where are we?" in Ch. 2 : Bewilderment Let the lover be disgraceful, crazy, absent-minded. Someone sober will worry about events going badly. Let the lover be. Rumi , The Essential Rumi (1995), Ch. 4 : Spring Giddiness, p. 46 Gamble everything for love, if you are a true human being. Rumi , The Essential Rumi (1995), "On Gambling" Ch. 18 : The Three Fish, p. 193 Are you fleeing from Love because of a single humiliation? What do you know of Love except the name? Love has a hundred forms of pride and disdain, and is gained by a hundred means of persuasion. Since Love is loyal, it purchases one who is loyal: it has no interest in a disloyal companion. The human being resembles a tree; its root is a covenant with God: that root must be cherished with all one's might. Rumi , Jewels of Remembrance : A Daybook of Spiritual Guidance : Containing 365 Selections from the Wisdom of Rumi (1996) Translated by Camille and Kabir Helminski Come, seek, for search is the foundation of fortune: every success depends upon focusing the heart. Rumi , Jewels of Remembrance : A Daybook of Spiritual Guidance : Containing 365 Selections from the Wisdom of Rumi (1996) Translated by Camille and Kabir Helminski, III, 2302-5 Love rests on no foundation. It is an endless ocean, with no beginning or end. Rumi , Hush Don't Say Anything to God : Passionate Poems of Rumi (1999) as translated by Shahram Shiva This is a gathering of Lovers. In this gathering there is no high, no low, no smart, no ignorant, This gathering is more like a drunken party, full of tricksters, fools, mad men and mad women. This is a gathering of Lovers. Rumi , Hush Don't Say Anything to God : Passionate Poems of Rumi (1999) as translated by Shahram Shiva Love said to me, there is nothing that is not me. Be silent. Rumi , Hush Don't Say Anything to God : Passionate Poems of Rumi (1999) as translated by Shahram Shiva Life and hope for the world are to be found only in the deeds of love. Bertrand Russell , Political Ideals (1917), Chapter V: National Independence and Internationalism Love as a relation between men and women was ruined by the desire to make sure of the legitimacy of children. Bertrand Russell , Marriage and Morals (1929), Ch. 3: The Dominion of the Father I believe myself that romantic love is the source of the most intense delights that life has to offer. In the relation of a man and woman who love each other with passion and imagination and tenderness, there is something of inestimable value, to be ignorant of which is a great misfortune to any human being. Bertrand Russell , Marriage and Morals (1929), Ch. 3: The Dominion of the Father Love is something far more than desire for sexual intercourse; it is the principal means of escape from the loneliness which afflicts most men and women throughout the greater part of their lives. Bertrand Russell , Marriage and Morals (1929), Ch. 9: The Place of Love in Human Life Passionate mutual love while it lasts... breaks down the hard walls of the ego, producing a new being composed of two in one. Nature did not construct human beings to stand alone, since they cannot fulfil her biological purpose except with the help of another; and civilized people cannot fully satisfy their sexual instinct without love... Those who have never known the deep intimacy and the intense companionship of happy mutual love have missed the best thing that life has to give; unconsciously, if not consciously, they feel this, and the resulting disappointment inclines them towards envy, oppression and cruelty. To give due place to passionate love should be therefore a matter which concerns the sociologist, since, if they miss this experience, men and women cannot attain their full stature, and cannot feel towards the rest of the world that kind of generous warmth without which their social activities are pretty sure to be harmful. Bertrand Russell , Marriage and Morals (1929), Ch. 9: The Place of Love in Human Life To fear love is to fear life, and those who fear life are already three parts dead. Bertrand Russell , Marriage and Morals (1929),Ch. 19: Sex and Individual Well-Being [T]he only sex relations that have real value are those in which there is no reticence and in which the whole personality of both becomes merged in a new collective personality. Of all forms of caution, caution in love is perhaps the most fatal to true happiness. Bertrand Russell , The Conquest of Happiness (1930), Ch. 12: Affection I should like to say two things. One intellectual and one moral. The intellectual thing I should want to say to them is this: "When you are studying any matter, or considering any philosophy, ask yourself only: What are the facts, and what is the truth that the facts bear out. Never let yourself be diverted, either by what you wish to believe, or what you think could have beneficent social effects if it were believed; but look only and solely at what are the facts." That is the intellectual thing that I should wish to say. The moral thing I should wish to say to them is very simple; I should say: "Love is wise – Hatred is foolish." In this world, which is getting more and more closely interconnected, we have to learn to tolerate each other. We have to learn to put up with the fact, that some people say things we don't like. We can only live together in that way. But if we are to live together, and not die together, we must learn a kind of charity and a kind of tolerance which is absolutely vital, to the continuation of human life on this planet. Bertrand Russell , Response to the question "Suppose Lord Russell, this film were to be looked at by our descendants, like a dead sea scroll in a thousand years time. What would you think it's worth telling that generation about the life you've lived and the lessons you've learned from it?" in a BBC interview on "Face to Face" (1959) The good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge . Bertrand Russell , What I Believe (1925) At puberty, the elements of an unsuperstitious sexual morality ought to be taught. Boys and girls should be taught that nothing can justify sexual intercourse unless there is mutual inclination... Boys and girls should be taught respect for each other's liberty; they should be made to feel that nothing gives one human being rights over another, and that jealousy and possessiveness kill love. They should be taught that to bring another human being into the world is a very serious matter, only to be undertaken when the child will have a reasonable prospect of health, good surroundings, and parental care. But they should also be taught methods of birth control, so as to insure that children shall only come when they are wanted. Finally, they should be taught the dangers of venereal disease, and the methods of prevention and cure. The increase of human happiness to be expected from sex education on these lines is immeasurable. See also: William Shakespeare quotes about love For small creatures such as we the vastness is bearable only through love. ~ Carl Sagan It's quite a job starting to love somebody. You have to have energy, generosity, blindness. There is even a moment, in the very beginning, when you have to jump across a precipice: if you think about it you don't do it. ~ Jean-Paul Sartre What is life without the radiance of love? ~ Friedrich Schiller Your task is not to seek for love, but merely to seek and find all the barriers within yourself that you have built against it. ~ Helen Schucman How long will I love you? As long as stars are above you And longer if I can. ~ Mike Scott The most important thing in life is to learn how to give out love, and to let it come in. ~ Morrie Schwartz Profound love demands a deep conception and out of this develops reverence for the mystery of life. It brings us close to all beings, to the poorest and smallest as well as all others. ~ Albert Schweitzer Love means never having to say you're sorry. ~ Erich Segal If you want to be loved, love. ~ Seneca the Elder Love looks not with the eyes, but with the mind, And therefore is wing'd Cupid painted blind. ~ William Shakespeare Love is a simple thing and a deep thing: it is an act of life and not an illusion. Art is an illusion. ~ George Bernard Shaw All love is sweet We are in Love’s hand to-day. ~ Algernon Charles Swinburne We, drinking love at the furthest springs, Covered with love as a covering tree, We had grown as gods, as the gods above, Filled from the heart to the lips with love, Held fast in his hands, clothed warm with his wings, O love, my love, had you loved but me! ~ Algernon Charles Swinburne The loves and hours of the life of a man, They are swift and sad, being born of the sea. ~ Algernon Charles Swinburne For small creatures such as we the vastness is bearable only through love. Contact : a novel. New York: Simon and Schuster. 1985. LCC PS3569.A287 C6 1985 . ISBN 0671434004 . , Chapter 24 (p. 430) from the mass market paperback edition published by Pocket Books Love your neighbor as yourself but don't take down your fence. Carl Sandburg , The People, Yes (1936), p. 107 You know, it's quite a job starting to love somebody. You have to have energy, generosity, blindness. There is even a moment, in the very beginning, when you have to jump across a precipice: if you think about it you don't do it. Jean-Paul Sartre , The Devil and the Good Lord (1951), Act 1 We will not go to Heaven,Goetz, and even if we both entered it, we would not have eyes to see each other, nor hands to touch each other. Up there, God gets all the attention.... We can only love on this earth and against God. Jean-Paul Sartre , The Devil and the Good Lord (1951), Acts 8 & 9 If you die, I will lie down beside you and I will stay there until the end, without eating or drinking, you will rot in my arms and I will love you as carcass: for you love nothing if you do not love everything. Jean-Paul Sartre , Jean-Paul Sartre , The Devil and the Good Lord (1951), Act 10, sc. 2 I wanted pure love: foolishness; to love one another is to hate a common enemy: I will thus espouse your hatred. I wanted Good: nonsense; on this earth and in these times, Good and Bad are inseparable: I accept to be evil in order to become good. Friedrich Schiller , Don Carlos (1787), Act II, sc. viii The dictates of the heart are the voice of fate. Friedrich Schiller , Wallenstein (1798), Part I - Die Piccolomini (The Piccolomini), Act III, sc. viii O tender yearning, sweet hoping! The golden time of first love! The eye sees the open heaven, The heart is intoxicated with bliss; O that the beautiful time of young love Could remain green forever. Friedrich Schiller , The Song of the Bell (1799) Wouldst thou know thyself, observe the actions of others. Wouldst thou other men know, look thou within thine own heart. Friedrich Schiller , Tabulae Votivae (Votive Tablets) (1796), "The Key"; tr. Edgar Alfred Bowring , The Poems of Schiller, Complete (1851) Variant translation: If you want to know yourself, Just look how others do it; If you want to understand others, Look into your own heart What is life without the radiance of love? Friedrich Schiller , Wallenstein (1798), Act IV, sc. xii, translated by Samuel Taylor Coleridge There are three lessons I would write, — Three words — as with a burning pen, In tracings of eternal light Upon the hearts of men. Have Hope. Though clouds environ now, And gladness hides her face in scorn, Put thou the shadow from thy brow, — No night but hath its morn. Have Faith. Where'er thy bark is driven, — The calm's disport, the tempest's mirth, — Know this: God rules the hosts of heaven, The habitants of earth. Thus grave these lessons on thy soul, — Hope, Faith, and Love, — and thou shalt find Strength when life's surges rudest roll, Light when thou else wert blind. Friedrich Schiller , Hope, Faith, and Love (c. 1786); also known as "The Words of Strength", as translated in The Common School Journal Vol. IX (1847) edited by Horace Mann , p. 386 Sarah: [voiceover] If the people we love are stolen from us, the way to have them live on is to never stop loving them. Buildings burn, people die, but real love is forever. The Crow (1994 film) written by David J. Schow and John Shirley, based on The Crow by James O'Barr Your task is not to seek for love, but merely to seek and find all the barriers within yourself that you have built against it. Jesus' Course in Miracles (2000) by Helen Schucman and William Thetford , Ch. 16 The Forgiveness of Illusions, p. 162 How could I think the brief years were enough To prove the reality of endless love? Delmore Schwartz , in "I am a Book I neither Wrote nor Read" in Selected Poems: Summer Knowledge (1959) The ethic of Reverence for Life is the ethic of Love widened into universality. Albert Schweitzer , Out of My Life and Thought, An Autobiography (1933) translated by C. T. Campion, Epilogue, p. 235 Profound love demands a deep conception and out of this develops reverence for the mystery of life. It brings us close to all beings, to the poorest and smallest as well as all others. Albert Schweitzer , Reverence for Life (1969) How long will I love you? As long as stars are above you And longer if I can How long will I want you? As long as you want me to And longer by far Love means never having to say you're sorry. Erich Segal , screenwriter, Love Story , (1970); dialogue of Oliver Barrett IV (Ryan O'Neal) Si vis amari, ama. If you want to be loved, love. Seneca the Elder , Epistularum Moralium Ad Lucilium, Book 1, IX On a day — alack the day! — Love, whose month is ever May, Spied a blossom passing fair Playing in the wanton air William Shakespeare , Sonnets to Sundry Notes of Music, II. Not to be confused with The Sonnets ; this poem is not a sonnet The course of true love never did run smooth. William Shakespeare , Lysander, A Midsummer Night's Dream (1595), Act I, scene i Love looks not with the eyes, but with the mind, And therefore is wing'd Cupid painted blind. William Shakespeare , Helena, A Midsummer Night's Dream (1595), Act I, scene i Love denied blights the soul we owe to God. The character William Shakespeare (played by Joseph Fiennes) in the 1998 film Shakespeare in Love Love is the only inspiration. Tagline in the 1998 film Shakespeare in Love Love is seeing God in the person next to us, and meditation is seeing God within us. Sri Sri Ravi Shankar , Wisdom for the New Millennium (2005), p. 9 * Love is a simple thing and a deep thing: it is an act of life and not an illusion. Art is an illusion. George Bernard Shaw , Maxims for Revolutionists (1903), #179 THE SERPENT: The voice in the garden is your own voice. ADAM: It is; and it is not. It is something greater than me: I am only a part of it. EVE: The Voice does not tell me not to kill you. Yet I do not want you to die before me. No voice is needed to make me feel that. ADAM [throwing his arm round her shoulder with an expression of anguish]: Oh no: that is plain without any voice. There is something that holds us together, something that has no word — THE SERPENT: Love. Love. Love. ADAM: That is too short a word for so long a thing. George Bernard Shaw , Back to Methuselah (1921), The Serpent, Adam, and Eve, in Pt. I, Act I Love is a simple thing and a deep thing: it is an act of life and not an illusion. Art is an illusion. George Bernard Shaw , Back to Methuselah (1921), Acis, in Pt. V First love is only a little foolishness and a lot of curiosity: no really self-respecting woman would take advantage of it. George Bernard Shaw , John Bull's Other Island, act IV, Selected Plays with Prefaces (1949), vol. 2, p. 596. These words are spoken by Broadbent It is something that grows over time... a true friendship. A feeling in the heart that becomes even stronger through time...The passion of friendship will soon blossom into a righteous power and through it, you'll know which way to go... Yet all love is sweet Given or returned. Common as light is love, And its familiar voice wearies not ever. * * * * * They who inspire it most are fortunate, As I am now: but those who feel it most Are happier still after long sufferings As I shall soon become. Percy Bysshe Shelley , Prometheus Unbound , Asia, Act II, sc. v, l. 39 Familiar acts are beautiful through love. Percy Bysshe Shelley , Prometheus Unbound , The Earth, Act IV, l. 403 Soul meets soul on lovers' lips. Percy Bysshe Shelley , Prometheus Unbound , The Moon , Act IV, l. 451 This is the day, which down the void abysm At the Earth-born’s spell yawns for Heaven’s despotism And Conquest is dragged captive through the deep: Love, from its awful throne of patient power In the wise heart, from the last giddy hour Of dread endurance, from the slippery, steep, And narrow verge of crag-like agony, springs And folds over the world its healing wings. Percy Bysshe Shelley , Prometheus Unbound , Demogorgon, Act IV, l. 554–561 True Love in this differs from gold and clay, That to divide is not to take away. Love is like understanding, that grows bright, Gazing on many truths; 'tis like thy light, Imagination! which from earth and sky, And from the depths of human phantasy, As from a thousand prisms and mirrors, fills The Universe with glorious beams, and kills Error, the worm, with many a sun-like arrow Of its reverberated lightning. Love's very pain is sweet, But its reward is in the world divine Which, if not here, it builds beyond the grave. And bid them love each other and be blest: And leave the troop which errs, and which reproves, And come and be my guest, — for I am Love's. I love Love — though he has wings, And like light can flee, But above all other things, Spirit, I love thee — Thou art love and life! Oh come, Make once more my heart thy home. Percy Bysshe Shelley , Song: Rarely, Rarely, Comest Thou (1821), stanza 8 In proportion to the love existing among men, so will be the community of property and power. Among true and real friends, all is common; and, were ignorance and envy and superstition banished from the world, all mankind would be friends. The only perfect and genuine republic is that which comprehends every living being. Those distinctions which have been artificially set up, of nations, societies, families, and religions, are only general names, expressing the abhorrence and contempt with which men blindly consider their fellowmen. Percy Bysshe Shelley , Essay on Christianity (1859), Unfinished essay (c. 1815), first published in Shelley Memorials: From Authentic Sources (1859) edited by Lady Jane Gibson Shelley; also in The Works of Shelley in Verse and Prose (1880) , edited by H. Buxton Forman. Full essay online You ought to love all mankind; nay, every individual of mankind. You ought not to love the individuals of your domestic circles less, but to love those who exist beyond it more. Once make the feelings of confidence and of affection universal, and the distinctions of property and power will vanish; nor are they to be abolished without substituting something equivalent in mischief to them, until all mankind shall acknowledge an entire community of rights. Percy Bysshe Shelley , Essay on Christianity (1859), Unfinished essay (c. 1815), first published in Shelley Memorials: From Authentic Sources (1859) edited by Lady Jane Gibson Shelley; also in The Works of Shelley in Verse and Prose (1880) , edited by H. Buxton Forman. Full essay online But as a philosopher said, one day after mastering the winds, the waves, the tides and gravity, after all the scientific and technological achievements, we shall harness for God the energies of love. And then, for the second time in the history of the world, man will have discovered fire. Sargent Shriver, Jr. , speech before the Democratic National Committee, accepting nomination as the Democratic candidate for vice president, Washington, D.C. (August 8, 1972). Transcript, The New York Times (August 9, 1972), p. 18. He was slightly paraphrasing Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, "The Evolution of Chastity", Toward the Future, trans. René Hague (1975), p. 86–87: "The day will come when, after harnessing the ether, the winds, the tides, gravitation, we shall harness for God the energies of love. And, on that day, for the second time in the history of the world, man will have discovered fire". This was written in Peking in 1934 The problem is all inside your head, she said to me The answer is easy if you take it logically I'd like to help you in your struggle to be free There must be fifty ways to leave your lover. * She said, why don't we both just sleep on it tonight And I believe, in the morning you'll begin to see the light And then she kissed me and I realized she probably was right There must be fifty ways to leave your lover, fifty ways to leave your lover First thing I remember when you came into my life I said I wanna get that girl, no matter what I do Well I guess I've been in love before and once or twice have been on the floor But I've never loved no-one the way that I love you. Paul Simon , One-Trick Pony (1980), Late in the Evening And she said 'Losing love is like a window in your heart, Everybody sees you're blown apart, Everybody feels the wind blow.' Paul Simon , Surprise (2006), I Don't Believe Take me. I'm an ordinary player in the key of C. And my will was broken by my pride and my vanity. Who's gonna love you when you're looks are gone? God will. Like he waters the flowers on your window sill. Paul Simon , Surprise (2006), Outrageous For true evangelical faith...cannot lay dormant; but manifests itself in all righteousness and works of love; it...clothes the naked; feeds the hungry; consoles the afflicted; shelters the miserable; aids and consoles all the oppressed; returns good for evil; serves those that injure it; prays for those that persecute it. Menno Simons Why I Do Not Cease Teaching and Writing, 1539 All 's fair in love and war. Francis Edward Smedley , Frank Fairlegh : Scenes from the Life of a Private Pupil (1850) To love, and to be loved, is the greatest happiness of existence. Sydney Smith , Lady Holland's Memoir (1855), "Of Friendship" The night has a thousand eyes, and the day but one; Yet the light of the world dies with the dying sun. The mind has a thousand eyes, and the heart but one; yet the light of a whole life dies when love is done. Let him kiss me with the kisses of his mouth— for your love is more delightful than wine. Song of Solomon , New International Version, Song of Solomon 1:2 How delightful is your love, my sister, my bride! How much more pleasing is your love than wine, and the fragrance of your perfume more than any spice! Song of Solomon , New International Version, Song of Solomon 4:10 Eat, friends, and drink; drink your fill of love. Song of Solomon , New International Version, Song of Solomon 5:1 Come, my beloved, let us go to the countryside, let us spend the night in the villages. Let us go early to the vineyards to see if the vines have budded, if their blossoms have opened, and if the pomegranates are in bloom— there I will give you my love. The mandrakes send out their fragrance, and at our door is every delicacy, both new and old, that I have stored up for you, my beloved. Song of Solomon , New International Version, Song of Solomon 7:11-13 Place me like a seal over your heart, like a seal on your arm; for love is as strong as death, its jealousy unyielding as the grave. It burns like blazing fire, like a mighty flame. Many waters cannot quench love; rivers cannot sweep it away. If one were to give all the wealth of one’s house for love, it would be utterly scorned. ** Song of Solomon , New International Version, Song of Solomon 8:6-7 The feeling of love - is a fervent desire of goodness to a man. Simon Soloveychik , Parenting for Everyone (1989) When I saw you, I was afraid of meeting you. When I met you, I was afraid of kissing you. When I kissed you, I was afraid to love you. Now that I love you, I'm afraid of losing you. Silard Somorjay, in "The Voice Of Love" on The Streets of Beijing movie soundtrack, Video Art Beijing The greater the love, the greater the tragedy when it's over. Nicholas Sparks in " Nights in Rodanthe " From what has been said we can clearly understand the nature of Love and Hate. Love is nothing else but pleasure accompanied by the idea of an external cause: Hate is nothing else but pain accompanied by the idea of an external cause. We further see, that he who loves necessarily endeavors to have, and to keep present to him, the object of his love; while he who hates endeavors to remove and destroy the object of his hatred. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 13: Note, Full text online Simply from the fact that we have regarded a thing with the emotion of pleasure or pain, though that thing be not the efficient cause of the emotion, we can either love or hate it. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 15: Corollary, Full text online If we conceive that anyone loves, desires, or hates anything which we ourselves love, desire, or hate, we shall thereupon regard the thing in question with more steadfast love, etc. On the contrary, if we think that anyone shrinks from something that we love, we shall undergo vacillation of the soul. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III : On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 31, Full text online ...it follows that everyone endeavors, as far as possible, to cause others to love what he himself loves, and to hate what he himself hates... Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 31: Corollary, Full text online This endeavor to bring it about, that our own likes and dislikes should meet with universal approval, is really ambition; wherefore we see that everyone by nature desires (appetere), that the rest of mankind should live according to his own individual disposition: when such a desire is equally present in all, everyone stands in everyone else's way, and in wishing to be loved or praised by all, all become mutually hateful. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 31: Note, Full text online When we love a thing similar to ourselves, we endeavor, as far as we can, to bring about that it should love us in return. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 33, Full text online The greater emotion with which we conceive a loved object to be affected toward us, the greater will be our complacency. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 34, Full text online If anyone conceives, that an object of his love joins itself to another with closer bonds of friendship than he himself has attained to, he will be affected with hatred towards the loved object and with envy towards his rival. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 35, Full text online If a man had begun to hate an object of his love, so that love is thoroughly destroyed, he will, causes being equal, regard it with more hatred than if he had never loved it, and his hatred will be in proportion to the strength of his former love. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 38, Full text online He who hates anyone will endeavor to do him an injury, unless he fears that a greater injury will thereby accrue to himself; on the other hand, he who loves anyone will, by the same law, seek to benefit him. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 39 Full text online If anyone conceives that he is loved by another, and believes that he has given no cause for such love, he will love that other in return. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 41, Full text online Hatred is increased by being reciprocated, and can on the other hand be destroyed by love. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 43, Full text online Hatred which is completely vanquished by love passes into love: and love is thereupon greater than if hatred had not preceded it. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 44, Full text online Love or hatred towards a thing, which we conceive to be free, must, other things being similar, be greater than if it were felt towards a thing acting by necessity. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 49, Full text online This pain, accompanied by the idea of our own weakness, is called humility; the pleasure, which springs from the contemplation of ourselves, is called self-love or self-complacency. And inasmuch as this feeling is renewed as often as a man contemplates his own virtues, or his own power of activity, it follows that everyone is fond of narrating his own exploits, and displaying the force both of his body and his mind, and also that, for this reason, men are troublesome to one another. Again, it follows that men are naturally envious, rejoicing in the shortcomings of their equals, and feeling pain at their virtues. For whenever a man conceives his own actions, he is affected with pleasure, in proportion as his actions display more perfection, and he conceives them more distinctly--that is, in proportion as he can distinguish them from others, and regard them as something special. Therefore, a man will take pleasure in contemplating himself, when he contemplates some quality which he denies to others. But if that which he affirms of himself be attributable to the idea of man or animals in general, he will not be so greatly pleased: he will, on the contrary, feel pain, if he conceives that his own actions fall short when compared with those of others. This pain he will endeavor to remove, by putting a wrong construction on the actions of his equals, or by, as far as he can, embellishing his own. It is thus apparent that men are naturally prone to hatred and envy, which latter is fostered by their education. For parents are accustomed to incite their children to virtue solely by the spur of honor and envy, but perhaps, some will scruple to assent to what I have said, because we not seldom admire men's virtues, and venerate their possessors. In order to remove such doubts I append the following corollary. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 55: Note, Full text online I have explained the causes of human infirmity and inconstancy, and shown why men do not abide by the precepts of reason. It now remains for me to show what course is marked out for us by reason, which of the emotions are in harmony with the rules of human reason, and which of them are contrary thereto. But, before I begin to prove my Propositions... it is advisable to sketch them briefly in advance... As reason makes no demands contrary to nature, it demands, that every man should love himself, should seek that which is useful to him... everything which really brings man to greater perfection... first, that the foundation of virtue is the endeavor to preserve one's own being, and... happiness consists in man's power of preserving his own being; secondly, that virtue is to be desired for its own sake, and that there is nothing more excellent or more useful to us... thirdly and lastly, that suicides are weak-minded, and are overcome by external causes repugnant to their nature. Further... we can never arrive at doing without all external things for the preservation of our being or living, so as to have no relations with things which are outside ourselves. ...our intellect would be more imperfect, if mind were alone, and could understand nothing besides itself. There are, then, many things outside ourselves, which are useful to us... none can be discerned more excellent, than those which are in entire agreement with our nature. ...if, for example, two individuals of entirely the same nature are united, they form a combination twice as powerful as either of them singly. Therefore, to man there is nothing more useful than man—nothing, I repeat, more excellent for preserving their being can be wished for by men, than that all should so in all points agree, that the minds and bodies of all should form, as it were, one single mind and one single body, and that all should, with one consent, as far as they are able, endeavor to preserve their being, and all with one consent seek what is useful to them all. Hence, men who are governed by reason—that is, who seek what is useful to them in accordance with reason, desire for themselves nothing, which they do not also desire for the rest of mankind, and, consequently, are just, faithful, and honorable in their conduct. ...I have taken this course, in order, if possible, to gain the attention of those who believe, that the principle that every man is bound to seek what is useful for himself is the foundation of impiety, rather than of piety and virtue. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part IV: Of Human Bondage, or the Strength of the Emotions, Prop. 18: Note, Full text online He who lives according to the guidance of reason strives as much as possible to repay the hatred, anger, or contempt of others towards himself with love or generosity. ...hatred is increased by reciprocal hatred, and, on the other hand, can be extinguished by love, so that hatred passes into love. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part IV: Of Human Bondage, or the Strength of the Emotions, Prop. 66, Full text online In so far as men are influenced by envy or any kind of hatred, one towards another, they are at variance, and are therefore to be feared in proportion, as they are more powerful than their fellows. Yet minds are not conquered by force, but by love and high-mindedness. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part IV: Of Human Bondage, or the Strength of the Emotions, Appendix, 10 - 11, Full text online But love, I've come to understand, is more than three words mumbled before bedtime. Love is sustained by action, a pattern of devotion in the things we do for each other every day. Nicholas Sparks in The Wedding In uncertainty I am certain that underneath their topmost layers of frailty men want to be good and want to be loved. Indeed most of their vices are attempted short cuts to love. When a man comes to die, no matter what his talents and influence and genius, if he dies unloved his life must be a failure to him and his dying a cold horror. John Steinbeck in East of Eden In every bit of honest writing in the world … there is a base theme. Try to understand men, if you understand each other you will be kind to each other. Knowing a man well never leads to hate and nearly always leads to love. There are shorter means, many of them. there is writing promoting social change, writing punishing injustice, writing in celebration of heroism, but always that base theme. Try to understand each other. John Steinbeck in East of Eden , Journal entry (1938), quoted in the Introduction to a 1994 edition of Of Mice and Men by Susan Shillinglaw, p. vii Any man who talks about his love affairs thereby proves he is ignorant of love and is moved only by vanity. Stendhal in The Pink and the Green (Le Rose et le Vert, 1837), Ch. 9, translated by Richard Howard. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1988, p. 89 In love, unlike most other passions, the recollection of what you have had and lost is always better than what you can hope for in the future. Stendhal ,De L'Amour (On Love) (1822), Ch. 1 Les plaisirs et les soins de l'ambition la plus heureuse, même du pouvoir sans bornes, ne sont rien auprès du bonheur intime que donnent les relations de tendresse et d'amour. Je suis homme avant d'être prince, et, quand j'ai le bonheur d'aimer, ma maîtresse s'adresse à l'homme et non au prince. The pleasures and the cares of the luckiest ambition, even of limitless power, are nothing next to the intimate happiness that tenderness and love give. I am a man before being a prince, and when I have the good fortune to be in love my mistress addresses a man and not a prince. Stendhal , La Chartreuse de Parme ( The Charterhouse of Parma ) (1839), Ch. 7 So long as we love we serve; so long as we are loved by others, I would almost say that we are indispensable; and no man is useless while he has a friend. Robert Louis Stevenson , "Lay Morals" Ch. 4, in Lay Morals and Other Essays (1911) Falling in love is the one illogical adventure, the one thing of which we are tempted to think as supernatural, in our trite and reasonable world. The effect is out of all proportion with the cause. Two persons, neither of them, it may be, very amiable or very beautiful, meet, speak a little, and look a little into each other's eyes. That has been done a dozen or so of times in the experience of either with no great result. But on this occasion all is different. They fall at once into that state in which another person becomes to us the very gist and centrepoint of God's creation, and demolishes our laborious theories with a smile; in which our ideas are so bound up with the one master-thought that even the trivial cares of our own person become so many acts of devotion, and the love of life itself is translated into a wish to remain in the same world with so precious and desirable a fellow-creature. Robert Louis Stevenson , Virginibus Puerisque, Ch. 3 The cruelest lies are often told in silence. A man may have sat in a room for hours and not opened his teeth, and yet come out of that room a disloyal friend or a vile calumniator. And how many loves have perished because, from pride, or spite, or diffidence, or that unmanly shame which withholds a man from daring to betray emotion, a lover, at the critical point of the relation, has but hung his head and held his tongue? Robert Louis Stevenson , Truth of Intercourse All who have meant good work with their whole hearts, have done good work, although they may die before they have the time to sign it. Every heart that has beat strong and cheerfully has left a hopeful impulse behind it in the world, and bettered the tradition of mankind. Robert Louis Stevenson , Aes Triplex (1878), The Oxford Book of Essays ed. by John Gross (New York: Oxford, 1998) [Title is Latin for "triple brass," used by Horace], p. 316 At the heart of its strength is a weakness: a lone candle can hold it back. Love is more than a candle, love can ignite the stars. Matthew Stover in the Revenge of the Sith novelization There are a great deal of a great many kinds of love. Theodore Sturgeon , More Than Human (1953) Let your love flow out on all living things. These words at some level have the quality of a strapping homily. Nonetheless, they are remarkably beautiful , strung together in their honest lump-like English syllables... Let your love flow out on all living things. But there are a couple of problems with this precept of mine. The first is, of course, that it is not mine. It springs from the universe and is the property of God , and the words have been intercepted — on the wing, so to speak — by such mediators as Lao-tzu , Jesus , Gautama Buddha and thousands upon thousands of lesser prophets , including your narrator, who heard the terrible truth of their drumming somewhere between Baltimore and Wilmington and set them down with the fury of a madman sculpting in stone . The italicized words being quotes of the song " Let Your Love Flow " by Larry E. Williams , as sung by The Bellamy Brothers If love were what the rose is, And I were like the leaf, Our lives would grow together In sad or singing weather, Blown fields or flowerful closes, Green pasture or gray grief; If love were what the rose is, And I were like the leaf. Algernon Charles Swinburne , Poems and Ballads (1866-89), "A Match" Before the beginning of years There came to the making of man Time with a gift of tears, Grief with a glass that ran, Pleasure with pain for leaven, Summer with flowers that fell, Remembrance fallen from heaven, And Madness risen from hell, Strength without hands to smite, Love that endures for a breath; Night, the shadow of light, And Life, the shadow of death. [Algernon Charles Swinburne]], Atalanta in Calydon (1865), Second chorus, lines 1-12 Time found our tired love sleeping, And kissed away his breath; But what should we do weeping, Though light love sleep to death? We have drained his lips at leisure, Till there's not left to drain A single sob of pleasure, A single pulse of pain. [Algernon Charles Swinburne]], Poems and Ballads (1866-89), "Rococo", lines 17-24 Before our lives divide for ever, While time is with us and hands are free, (Time, swift to fasten and swift to sever Hand from hand, as we stand by the sea) I will say no word that a man might say Whose whole life's love goes down in a day; For this could never have been; and never, Though the gods and the years relent, shall be. Is it worth a tear, is it worth an hour, To think of things that are well outworn? Of fruitless husk and fugitive flower, The dream foregone and the deed forborne? Though joy be done with and grief be vain, Time shall not sever us wholly in twain; Earth is not spoilt for a single shower; But the rain has ruined the ungrown corn. In the change of years, in the coil of things, In the clamour and rumour of life to be, We, drinking love at the furthest springs, Covered with love as a covering tree, We had grown as gods, as the gods above, Filled from the heart to the lips with love, Held fast in his hands, clothed warm with his wings, O love, my love, had you loved but me! The loves and hours of the life of a man, They are swift and sad, being born of the sea. Hours that rejoice and regret for a span, Born with a man's breath, mortal as he; Loves that are lost ere they come to birth, Weeds of the wave, without fruit upon earth. I lose what I long for, save what I can, My love, my love, and no love for me! I had grown pure as the dawn and the dew, You had grown strong as the sun or the sea. But none shall triumph a whole life through: For death is one, and the fates are three. At the door of life, by the gate of breath, There are worse things waiting for men than death; Death could not sever my soul and you, As these have severed your soul from me. You have chosen and clung to the chance they sent you, Life sweet as perfume and pure as prayer. But will it not one day in heaven repent you? Will they solace you wholly, the days that were? Will you lift up your eyes between sadness and bliss, Meet mine, and see where the great love is, And tremble and turn and be changed? Content you; The gate is strait; I shall not be there. The pulse of war and passion of wonder, The heavens that murmur, the sounds that shine, The stars that sing and the loves that thunder, The music burning at heart like wine, An armed archangel whose hands raise up All senses mixed in the spirit's cup Till flesh and spirit are molten in sunder — These things are over, and no more mine. These were a part of the playing I heard Once, ere my love and my heart were at strife; Love that sings and hath wings as a bird, Balm of the wound and heft of the knife. Fairer than earth is the sea, and sleep Than overwatching of eyes that weep, Now time has done with his one sweet word, The wine and leaven of lovely life. Our way is where God knows And Love knows where: We are in Love’s hand to-day. [Algernon Charles Swinburne]], Love at Sea With every beat of my heart. ~ Shania Twain Let this be my last word, that I trust in thy love. Rabindranath Tagore , Stray Birds (1916), 326 Want of love is a degree of callousness; for love is the perfection of consciousness. We do not love because we do not comprehend, or rather we do not comprehend because we do not love. For love is the ultimate meaning of everything around us. It is not a mere sentiment; it is truth; it is the joy that is at the root of all creation. It is the white light of pure consciousness that emanates from Brahma. So, to be one with this sarvānubhūh, this all-feeling being who is in the external sky, as well as in our inner soul, we must attain to that summit of consciousness, which is love: Who could have breathed or moved if the sky were not filled with joy, with love? Rabindranath Tagore , Sādhanā : The Realisation of Life (1916) Of course man is useful to man, because his body is a marvellous machine and his mind an organ of wonderful efficiency. But he is a spirit as well, and this spirit is truly known only by love. When we define a man by the market value of the service we can expect of him, we know him imperfectly. With this limited knowledge of him it becomes easy for us to be unjust to him and to entertain feelings of triumphant self-congratulation when, on account of some cruel advantage on our side, we can get out of him much more than we have paid for. But when we know him as a spirit we know him as our own. We at once feel that cruelty to him is cruelty to ourselves, to make him small is stealing from our own humanity... Rabindranath Tagore , Sādhanā : The Realisation of Life (1916) We never can have a true view of man unless we have a love for him. Civilisation must be judged and prized, not by the amount of power it has developed, but by how much it has evolved and given expression to, by its laws and institutions, the love of humanity. The first question and the last which it has to answer is, Whether and how far it recognises man more as a spirit than a machine? Whenever some ancient civilisation fell into decay and died, it was owing to causes which produced callousness of heart and led to the cheapening of man's worth; when either the state or some powerful group of men began to look upon the people as a mere instrument of their power; when, by compelling weaker races to slavery and trying to keep them down by every means, man struck at the foundation of his greatness, his own love of freedom and fair-play. Civilisation can never sustain itself upon cannibalism of any form. For that by which alone man is true can only be nourished by love and justice. Rabindranath Tagore , Sādhanā : The Realisation of Life (1916) In love all the contradictions of existence merge themselves and are lost. Only in love are unity and duality not at variance. Love must be one and two at the same time. Only love is motion and rest in one. Our heart ever changes its place till it finds love, and then it has its rest. But this rest itself is an intense form of activity where utter quiescence and unceasing energy meet at the same point in love. In love, loss and gain are harmonised. In its balance-sheet, credit and debit accounts are in the same column, and gifts are added to gains. In this wonderful festival of creation, this great ceremony of self-sacrifice of God, the lover constantly gives himself up to gain himself in love. Indeed, love is what brings together and inseparably connects both the act of abandoning and that of receiving. Rabindranath Tagore , Sādhanā : The Realisation of Life (1916) In love, at one of its poles you find the personal, and at the other the impersonal. At one you have the positive assertion — Here I am; at the other the equally strong denial — I am not. Without this ego what is love? And again, with only this ego how can love be possible? Bondage and liberation are not antagonistic in love. For love is most free and at the same time most bound. If God were absolutely free there would be no creation. The infinite being has assumed unto himself the mystery of finitude. And in him who is love the finite and the infinite are made one. Rabindranath Tagore , Sādhanā : The Realisation of Life (1916) Compulsion is not indeed the final appeal to man, but joy is. And joy is everywhere; it is in the earth's green covering of grass; in the blue serenity of the sky; in the reckless exuberance of spring; in the severe abstinence of grey winter; in the living flesh that animates our bodily frame; in the perfect poise of the human figure, noble and upright; in living; in the exercise of all our powers; in the acquisition of knowledge; in fighting evils; in dying for gains we never can share. Joy is there everywhere; it is superfluous, unnecessary; nay, it very often contradicts the most peremptory behests of necessity. It exists to show that the bonds of law can only be explained by love; they are like body and soul. Joy is the realisation of the truth of oneness, the oneness of our soul with the world and of the world-soul with the supreme lover. Rabindranath Tagore , Sādhanā : The Realisation of Life (1916) God seeks comrades and claims love, William Makepeace Thackeray, The History of Pendennis (1848-1850), Ch. 40 Wars begin in the minds of men, and in those minds, love and compassion would have built the defenses of peace . U Thant , "Buddhism and the Charter" in Religion and International Affairs (1968) edited by Jeffrey Rose and Michael Ignatieff , p. 114 How come we don't always know when love begins, but we always know when it ends? Harris K. Telemacher ( Steve Martin ) in L. A. Story God gives us love. Something to love He lends us; but when love is grown To ripeness, that on which it throve Falls off, and love is left alone. Alfred Tennyson , To J. S., stanza 4, from Poems (1832) 'Tis better to have loved and lost, Than never to have loved at all. Alfred Tennyson , In Memoriam A.H.H. (1849), Part XXVII, Stanza 4 For love reflects the thing beloved. Love's too precious to be lost, A little grain shall not be spilt. There has fallen a splendid tear From the passion-flower at the gate. She is coming, my dove, my dear; She is coming, my life, my fate; The red rose cries, "She is near, she is near;" And the white rose weeps, "She is late;" The larkspur listens, "I hear; I hear;" And the lily whispers, "I wait." Alfred Tennyson , Maud; A Monodrama (1855), Part XXII, Stanza 10 She is coming, my own, my sweet; Were it ever so airy a tread, My heart would hear her and beat, Were it earth in an earthly bed; My dust would hear her and beat, Had I lain for a century dead; Would start and tremble under her feet, And blossom in purple and red. Alfred Tennyson , Maud; A Monodrama (1855), Part XXII, Stanza 11 Yet is there one true line, the pearl of pearls: Man dreams of Fame while woman wakes to love. Alfred Tennyson , Idylls of the King (1856–1885), chapter Merlin and Vivien You, methinks you think you love me well; For me, I love you somewhat; rest: and Love Should have some rest and pleasure in himself, Not ever be too curious for a boon, Too prurient for a proof against the grain Of him ye say ye love: but Fame with men, Being but ampler means to serve mankind, Should have small rest or pleasure in herself, But work as vassal to the larger love, That dwarfs the petty love of one to one. Alfred Tennyson , Idylls of the King (1856–1885), chapter Merlin and Vivien Sweet is true love though given in vain, in vain; And sweet is death who puts an end to pain: I know not which is sweeter, no, not I. Love, art thou sweet? then bitter death must be: Love, thou art bitter; sweet is death to me. O Love, if death be sweeter, let me die. … Alfred Tennyson , Idylls of the King (1856–1885), chapter Lancelot and Elaine, line 1000 "Free love, so bound, were freëst," said the King. "Let love be free; free love is for the best: And, after heaven, on our dull side of death, What should be best, if not so pure a love Clothed in so pure a loveliness? yet thee She failed to bind, though being, as I think, Unbound as yet, and gentle, as I know." Alfred Tennyson , Idylls of the King (1856–1885), chapter Lancelot and Elaine, line 1370 Lady, for indeed I loved you and I deemed you beautiful, I cannot brook to see your beauty marred Through evil spite: and if ye love me not, I cannot bear to dream you so forsworn: I had liefer ye were worthy of my love, Than to be loved again of you — farewell; And though ye kill my hope, not yet my love, Vex not yourself: ye will not see me more. Alfred Tennyson , Idylls of the King (1856–1885), chapter Pelleas and Ettarre We love but while we may; And therefore is my love so large for thee, Seeing it is not bounded save by love. Alfred Tennyson , Idylls of the King (1856–1885), chapter The Last Tournament I will love thee to the death, And out beyond into the dream to come. Alfred Tennyson , Idylls of the King (1856–1885), chapter The Last Tournament My doom is, I love thee still. Let no man dream but that I love thee still. Love lieth deep; Love dwells not in lip-depths. Alfred Tennyson , Lover's Tale (1879), line 466 Where love could walk with banish'd Hope no more. Alfred Tennyson , Lover's Tale (1879), line 813 Love's arms were wreathed about the neck of Hope, And Hope kiss'd Love, and Love drew in her breath In that close kiss and drank her whisper'd tales. They said that Love would die when Hope was gone. And Love mourn'd long, and sorrow'd after Hope; At last she sought out Memory, and they trod The same old paths where Love had walked with Hope, And Memory fed the soul of Love with tears. Alfred Tennyson , Lover's Tale (1879), line 815 Love will conquer at the last. Alfred Tennyson , Locksley Hall Sixty Years After (1886), Line 280 Who are wise in love Love most, say least Yet is there one true line, the pearl of pearls: Man dreams of Fame while woman wakes to love. Alfred Tennyson , Idylls of the King (1859-1865), Lancelot and Elaine, Line 1000 "Free love, so bound, were freëst," said the King. "Let love be free; free love is for the best: And, after heaven, on our dull side of death, What should be best, if not so pure a love Clothed in so pure a loveliness? yet thee She failed to bind, though being, as I think, Unbound as yet, and gentle, as I know." Alfred Tennyson , Idylls of the King (1859-1865), Lancelot and Elaine, Line 1370 We love but while we may; And therefore is my love so large for thee, Seeing it is not bounded save by love. I will love thee to the death, And out beyond into the dream to come. My doom is, I love thee still. Let no man dream but that I love thee still. Grasped, made her vail her eyes: she looked and saw The novice, weeping, suppliant, and said to her, "Yea, little maid, for am I not forgiven?" Then glancing up beheld the holy nuns All round her, weeping; and her heart was loosed Within her, and she wept with these and said, "Ye know me then, that wicked one, who broke The vast design and purpose of the King. O shut me round with narrowing nunnery-walls, Meek maidens, from the voices crying 'shame.' I must not scorn myself: he loves me still. Let no one dream but that he loves me still." Love is and was my Lord and King, And in his presence I attend To hear the tidings of my friend, Which every hour his couriers bring. CXXVI Alfred Tennyson , In Memoriam A.H.H. (1849), Parts I-CXXXI, CXXVI It is best to love wisely, no doubt; but to love foolishly is better than not to be able to love at all. Some of us can't: and are proud of our impotence, too. William Makepeace Thackeray, The History of Pendennis (1848-1850), Ch. 6 As the gambler said of his dice, to love and win is the best thing, to love and lose is the next best. William Makepeace Thackeray, The History of Pendennis (1848-1850), Ch. 40 You're dressed in that dress, I like. Love is swinging in the air, tonight. Justin Timberlake , "Suit & Tie" (2013), The 20/20 Experience (2013) They say it is to know the union with love that the soul takes union with the body. Tiruvalluvar , Tirukkural: 80 Seize the moments of happiness, love and be loved! That is the only reality in the world, all else is folly. Leo Tolstoy in War and Peace (1865-1869) When we do not love, we sleep, we are children of the dust — but love, and you are a god, you are pure, as on the first day of creation. Leo Tolstoy in War and Peace (1865-1869) Love is life. All, everything that I understand, I understand only because I love. Everything is, everything exists, only because I love. Everything is united by it alone. Love is God, and to die means that I, a particle of love, shall return to the general and eternal source. Leo Tolstoy in War and Peace (1865-1869) To love life is to love God. Harder and more blessed than all else is to love this life in one's sufferings, in undeserved sufferings. Leo Tolstoy in War and Peace (1865-1869) I have now understood that though it seems to men that they live by care for themselves, in truth it is love alone by which they live. He who has love, is in God, and God is in him, for God is love. Leo Tolstoy in "What Men Live By" (1881) What are wanted ...are not Constitutions and Revolutions, nor all sorts of Conferences and Congresses, nor the many ingenious devices for submarine navigation and aerial navigation, nor powerful explosives, nor all sorts of conveniences to add to the enjoyment of the rich, ruling classes... but one thing only is needful: the knowledge of the simple and clear truth ...that for our life one law is valid — the law of love, which brings the highest happiness to every individual as well as to all mankind. Leo Tolstoy , in A Letter to a Hindu (1908) As soon as men live entirely in accord with the law of love natural to their hearts and now revealed to them, which excludes all resistance by violence, and therefore hold aloof from all participation in violence — as soon as this happens, not only will hundreds be unable to enslave millions, but not even millions will be able to enslave a single individual. Leo Tolstoy in "A Letter to a Hindu" (1908) The more God's manifestation in man (life) unites with the manifestations (lives) of other beings, the more man exists. This union with the lives of other beings is accomplished through love. God is not love, but the more there is of love, the more man manifests God, and the more he truly exists... Leo Tolstoy in his Diary (1 November 1910) I feel it in my fingers I feel it in my toes Love is all around me And so the feeling grows It is written on the wind Thats everywhere I go So if you really love me Come on and let it show God , from a beautiful necessity , is Love in all he doeth, Love, a brilliant fire, to gladden or consume: The wicked work their woe by looking upon love, and hating it: The righteous find their joys in yearning on its loveliness for ever. Martin Farquhar Tupper , in "Of Immortality" in Proverbial Philosophy (1849) I don't wanna lose you I don't even wanna say goodbye I just wanna hold on To this true love, true love I don't wanna lose you And I always wanna feel this way Cause everytime I'm with you I feel true love, true love Tina Turner , I Don't Wanna Lose You , (November 18, 1989) from the album Foreign Affair (September 13, 1989) Oh what's love got to do, got to do with it What's love but a second hand emotion What's love got to do, got to do with it Who needs a heart When a heart can be broken Tina Turner , What's Love Got to Do with It , (June 4, 1984[) from the album Private Dancer (May 29, 1984) I just sware That I'll always be there I'd give anything and everything And I will always care Through weekness and strength For better or for worse I will love you U2 , One (6 March 1992) from the 1990 album Achtung Baby It is sad not to be loved, but it is much sadder not to be able to love. Miguel de Unamuno , To a Young Writer Consciousness (conscientia) is participated knowledge, is co-feeling, and co-feeling is com-passion. Love personalizes all that it loves. Only by personalizing it can we fall in love with an idea. And when love is so great and so vital, so strong and so overflowing, that it loves everything, then it personalizes everything and discovers that the total All, that the Universe, is also a person possessing a Consciousness, a Consciousness which in its turn suffers, pities, and loves, and therefore is consciousness. And this Consciousness of the Universe, which a love, personalizing all that it loves, discovers, is what we call God. Love lifts us up where we belong Where the eagles cry Love is where you find it. ~ Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. The soul of love is the invincible difference of lovers, while its subtle matter is the identity of their desires. Paul Valéry , "Dance and the Soul" (1921), in Dialogues (Bollingen Series XLV 4/ Princeton University Press, 1989), translated by William McCausland Stewart, p. 47 There are many kinds of love, as many kinds of light, And every kind of love makes a glory in the night. There is love that stirs the heart, and love that gives it rest, But the love that leads life upward is the noblest and the best. Henry van Dyke , Love and Light If only we try to live sincerely, it will go well with us, even though we are certain to experience real sorrow , and great disappointments, and also will probably commit great faults and do wrong things, but it certainly is true, that it is better to be high-spirited, even though one makes more mistakes, than to be narrow-minded and all too prudent. It is good to love many things, for therein lies the true strength , and whosoever loves much performs much, and can accomplish much, and what is done in love, is well done. Vincent van Gogh , The Letters of Vincent van Gogh to his Brother, 1872-1886 (1927) Constable & Co Variant: Love many things, for therein lies the true strength, and whosoever loves much performs much, and can accomplish much, and what is done in love is done well. As quoted in Wisdom for the Soul : Five Millennia of Prescriptions for Spiritual Healing (2006) by Larry Chang, p. 483 I think that everything that is really good and beautiful, the inner, moral, spiritual and sublime beauty in men and their works, comes from God, and everything that is bad and evil in the works of men and in men is not from God, and God does not approve of it. But I cannot help thinking that the best way of knowing God is to love many things. Love this friend, this person, this thing, whatever you like, and you will be on the right road to understanding Him better, that is what I keep telling myself. But you must love with a sublime, genuine, profound sympathy, with devotion, with intelligence, and you must try all the time to understand Him more, better and yet more. That will lead to God, that will lead to an unshakeable faith. Who can deceive a lover? Virgil , Aeneid (29–19 BC), Book IV, line 296. Variant: "Who could deceive a lover?" Improbe Amor, quid non mortalia pectora cogis! All-powerful Love! what changes canst thou cause In human hearts, subjected to thy laws! Virgil , Aeneid (29–19 BC), Book IV, line 412 (as translated by John Dryden ); referring to the unwise actions undertaken by Dido , actuated by amorous passion. Variant translation: Oh wretched love! to what do you not impel the human breast? Amor omnibus idem. Virgil , Georgics (29 BC), III, 244 L'amour est de toutes les passions la plus forte, parce qu'elle attaque à la fois la tête, le cœur et le corps. Love is of all the passions the strongest, for it attacks simultaneously the head, the heart, and the body. Le Dernier Volume Des Œuvres De Voltaire : Contes - Comédie - Pensées - Poésies - Lettres (1862) Qui que tu sois, voici ton maître; Il l'est—le fut—ou le doit être. Whoe'er thou art, thy master see; He was—or is—or is to be. Voltaire , Works, II, p. 765 (Ed. 1837). Used as an inscription for a statue of Cupid Quoi que vous fassiez, écrasez l'infâme, et aimez qui vous aime. Whatever you do, crush the infamous thing, and love those who love you. Voltaire , Letter to Jean le Rond d'Alembert (28 November 1762); This was written in reference to crushing superstition, and the words "écrasez l'infâme" ("Crush the Infamy") became a motto strongly identified with Voltaire A purpose of human life, no matter who is controlling it, is to love whoever is around to be loved. Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. in Wampeters, Foma and Granfalloons , "Address at Dedication of Wheaton College Library, 1973" (1974) Love is where you find it. I think it is foolish to go looking for it, and I think it can often be poisonous. Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. from the prologue of Slapstick (1976) I wish that people who are conventionally supposed to love each other would say to each other, when they fight, "Please — a little less love, and a little more common decency." Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. from the prologue of Slapstick (1976) There is love enough in this world for everybody, if people will just look. Could we forbear dispute, and practise love, We should agree as angels do above. Edmund Waller , in "Of Divine Love" (c. 1686) Consent in virtue knit your hearts so fast, That still the knot, in spite of death, does last; For as your tears, and sorrow-wounded soul, Prove well that on your part this bond is whole, So all we know of what they do above, Is that they happy are, and that they love. Let dark oblivion, and the hollow grave, Content themselves our frailer thoughts to have; Well-chosen love is never taught to die, But with our nobler part invades the sky. Edmund Waller , Poetical Works of Edmund Waller and Sir John Denham (1857) The most wonderful of all things in life, I believe, is the discovery of another human being with whom one's relationship has a glowing depth, beauty, and joy as the years increase. This inner progressiveness of love between two human beings is a most marvelous thing, it cannot be found by looking for it or by passionately wishing for it. It is a sort of Divine accident. Hugh Walpole As quoted in Wisdom for the Soul : Five Millennia of Prescriptions for Spiritual Healing (2006) by Larry Chang, p. 597 It's the Roman god, Janus . My mother gave it to me when I was little. She wanted to teach me that people have two sides. A good side, a bad side, a past, a future. And that we must embrace both in someone we love. Elise Clifton-Ward (played by Angelina Jolie ) in The Tourist Love is to die, love is to not die, Love is to dance, love is to dance. Love is to die, Why don't you not die? Why don't you dance? Why don't you dance and dance? Warpaint , Love Is To Die, Warpaint (2014) There is no formula for generating the authentic warmth of love. It cannot be copied. You cannot talk yourself into it or rouse it by straining at the emotions or by dedicating yourself solemnly to the service of mankind . Everyone has love, but it can only come out when he is convinced of the impossibility and the frustration of trying to love himself. This conviction will not come through condemnations, through hating oneself, through calling self love bad names in the universe . It comes only in the awareness that one has no self to love. Alan Watts , The Wisdom of Insecurity (1951) Love is not consolation, it is light . Simone Weil , as quoted in Simone Weil (1954) by Eric Walter Frederick Tomlin , p. 47 The combination of these two facts — the longing in the depth of the heart for absolute good, and the power, though only latent, of directing attention and love to a reality beyond the world and of receiving good from it — constitutes a link which attaches every man without exception to that other reality. Whoever recognizes that reality recognizes also that link. Because of it, he holds every human being without any exception as something sacred to which he is bound to show respect. This is the only possible motive for universal respect towards all human beings. Whatever formulation of belief or disbelief a man may choose to make, if his heart inclines him to feel this respect, then he in fact also recognizes a reality other than this world's reality. Whoever in fact does not feel this respect is alien to that other reality also. Simone Weil , Draft for a Statement of Human Obligation (1943) One of the most exquisite pleasures of human love — to serve the loved one without his knowing it — is only possible, as regards the love of God , through atheism . Simone Weil , First and Last Notebooks (1970), Last Notebook (1942) p. 84 If you say to someone who has ears to hear: "What you are doing to me is not just ," you may touch and awaken at its source the spirit of attention and love. But it is not the same with words like, "I have the right ..." or "you have no right to..." They evoke a latent war and awaken the spirit of contention. Simone Weil , Human Personality (1943), Written c. 1933; published in Selected Essays 1934-1943, p. 63 He who does not realize to what extent shifting fortune and necessity hold in subjection every human spirit, cannot regard as fellow-creatures nor love as he loves himself those whom chance separated from him by an abyss. The variety of constraints pressing upon man give rise to the illusion of several distinct species that cannot communicate. Only he who has measured the dominion of force, and knows how not to respect it, is capable of love and justice . Simone Weil , The Iliad or The Poem of Force (1940-1941), p. 192 Love is a minefield. You take a step and get blown to pieces, put yourself back together again and stupidly take another step. I guess that's human nature. It hurts so much to be alone that we'd all rather blow up than be single. Kate Welles ( Famke Janssen ) in Love & Sex (2000) I observed, "Love is the fulfilling of the law, the end of the commandment." It is not only "the first and great" command, but all the commandments in one. "Whatsoever things are just, whatsoever things are pure, if there be any virtue, if there be any praise," they are all comprised in this one word, love. John Wesley quoting his own earlier sermon on "The Circumsicion of the Heart" (1 January 1733) in the work A Plain Account Of Christian Perfection (Edition of 1777) An ounce of love is worth a pound of knowledge. John Wesley , The Works of the Rev. John Wesley (1830), p. 393 Lucifer: God ? God is love. I don't love you. Lucifer: I was the first angel, loved once above all others. A perfect love. [sing-song] But like all true loves... one day it withered on the vine... Life is ever lord of Death And Love can never lose its own. John Greenleaf Whittier , Snow Bound, reported in Bartlett's Familiar Quotations, 10th ed. (1919) Be not dishearten'd, affection shall solve the problems of freedom yet, Those who love each other shall become invincible... Walt Whitman in Leaves of Grass , DRUM-TAPS, Over the Carnage Rose Prophetic a Voice (1860; 1867) * Blow again trumpeter! and for thy theme, Take now the enclosing theme of all, the solvent and the setting, Love, that is pulse of all, the sustenance and the pang, The heart of man and woman all for love, No other theme but love — knitting, enclosing, all-diffusing love. Walt Whitman in Leaves of Grass , The Mystic Trumpeter Love, that is all the earth to lovers — love, that mocks time and space, Love, that is day and night — love, that is sun and moon and stars, Love, that is crimson, sumptuous, sick with perfume, No other words but words of love, no other thought but love. Walt Whitman in Leaves of Grass , The Mystic Trumpeter Dearest comrades, all is over and long gone, But love is not over... Walt Whitman in Leaves of Grass , SONGS OF PARTING, Ashes of Soldiers There is no language that love does not speak. Ella Wheeler Wilcox from Love's Language Poems of Progress 1913 edition I find a rapture linked with each despair, Well worth the price of anguish. I detect More good than evil in humanity. Love lights more fires than hate extinguishes, And men grow better as the world grows old. Ella Wheeler Wilcox , Poems of Pleasure (1900), Optimism Between the finite and the infinite The missing link of Love has left a void. Supply the link, and earth with Heaven will join In one continued chain of endless life. Ella Wheeler Wilcox , New Thought Pastels (1913), The Way (1913) Hell is wherever Love is not, and Heaven Is Love's location. No dogmatic creed, No austere faith based on ignoble fear Can lead thee into realms of joy and peace. Unless the humblest creatures on the earth Are bettered by thy loving sympathy Think not to find a Paradise beyond. Ella Wheeler Wilcox , New Thought Pastels (1913), The Way (1913) There is no sudden entrance into Heaven. Slow is the ascent by the path of Love. Ella Wheeler Wilcox , New Thought Pastels (1913), The Way (1913) * Look to the Great Eternal Cause And not to any man, for light. Look in; and learn the wrong, and right, From your own soul's unwritten laws. And when you question, or demur, Let Love be your Interpreter. Ella Wheeler Wilcox , New Thought Pastels (1913), Assistance Breathe "God," in any tongue — it means the same; LOVE ABSOLUTE: Think, feel, absorb the thought; Shut out all else; until a subtle flame (A spark from God's creative centre caught) Shall permeate your being, and shall glow, Increasing in its splendour, till, YOU KNOW. Ella Wheeler Wilcox , New Thought Pastels (1913), Knowledge Give of thy love, nor wait to know the worth Of what thou lovest; and ask no returning. And wheresoe'er thy pathway leads on earth, There thou shalt find the lamp of love-light burning. Ella Wheeler Wilcox , New Thought Pastels (1913), Give Divine the Powers that on this trio wait. Supreme their conquest, over Time and Fate. Love, Work, and Faith — these three alone are great. Ella Wheeler Wilcox , New Thought Pastels (1913), Three Things All love that has not friendship for its base, Is like a mansion built upon the sand. Ella Wheeler Wilcox , New Thought Pastels (1913), Love le mystère de l'amour est plus grand que le mystère de la mort. The mystery of love is greater than the mystery of death. Oscar Wilde as quoted by Alvin Redman in The Epigrams of Oscar Wilde (1952) Be happy, be happy; you shall have your red rose. I will build it out of music by moonlight, and stain it with my own heart's-blood. All that I ask of you in return is that you will be a true lover, for Love is wiser than Philosophy, though she is wise, and mightier than Power, though he is mighty. Oscar Wilde , "The Nightingale and the Rose" from The Happy Prince and Other Tales (1888) To love oneself is the beginning of a life-long romance. Oscar Wilde , Phrases and Philosophies for the use of the Young (1894), first published in the Oxford student magazine The Chameleon (December 1894) Full text online Those who are faithful know only the trivial side of love; it is the faithless who know love's tragedies. "Stop talking about love. Every asshole in the world says he loves somebody. It means nothing." "But it's true-" "Still doesn't mean anything. What you feel only matters to you. It is what you do to the people you love; that's what matters. That's the only thing that counts." Stephen ( Tom Wilkinson ), in The Last Kiss (2006) Taylor: Imagine me needing someone. Back on Earth I never did. Oh, there were women. Lots of women. Lots of love-making but no love. You see, that was the kind of world we'd made. So I left, because there was no one to hold me there. Planet of the Apes (1968 film) , screenplay by Michael Wilson and Rod Serling Just let your love flow like a mountain stream And let your love grow with the smallest of dreams And let your love show and you'll know what I mean It's the season Let your love fly like a bird on a wing And let your love bind you to all livin' things And let your love shine and you'll know what I mean That's the reason. Larry E. Williams, in Let Your Love Flow (1976) Just let your love flow like a mountain stream And let your love grow. Larry E. Williams, in Let Your Love Flow (1976) A hundred wise men have said in various ways that love transcends the power of death, and millions of fools have supposed that they meant nothing by it. At this late hour in my life I have learned what they meant. They meant that love transcends death. They are correct. Gene Wolfe , "Bed and Breakfast", in Dante's Disciples (1995), ed. Edward E. Kramer. Reprinted in Gene Wolfe, Strange Travelers (2000) Living might mean taking chances, but they're worth taking. Loving might be a mistake, but it's worth making. David Woodard , Breed the Unmentioned (1985) Love is the true antithesis of fear. It expands where fear constricts. It embraces where fear repels. Marion Woodman and Elinor Dickson, Dancing in the Flames: The Dark Goddess in the Transformation of Consciousness, p. 45 (1997) A long time ago, Anne used to talk about energy—how that was all that love was—ions connecting across synapses of time and air. Don't rationalize, she'd say. None of it will ever make sense. I leaned back against the wall and closed my eyes, not wanting to cry. Anne was right. None of it made any sense. Fiction; inner thoughts of Elisha True beauty dwells in deep retreats, Whose veil is unremoved Till heart with heart in concord beats, And the lover is beloved. William Wordsworth , To ____ . (Let other Bards of Angels sing), st. 3 (1824) If Thou be one whose heart the holy forms Of young imagination have kept pure Stranger! henceforth be warned; and know that pride, Howe'er disguised in its own majesty, Is littleness; that he who feels contempt For any living thing, hath faculties Which he has never used; that thought with him Is in its infancy. The man whose eye Is ever on himself doth look on one, The least of Nature's works, one who might move The wise man to that scorn which wisdom holds Unlawful, ever. O be wiser, thou ! Instructed that true knowledge leads to love; True dignity abides with him alone Who, in the silent hour of inward thought, Can still suspect, and still revere himself, In lowliness of heart. Love is in the air Every sight and every sound And I don't know if I'm being foolish Don't know if I'm being wise But it's something that I must believe in And it's there when I look in your eyes. Love is in the air In the whisper of the trees Love is in the air In the thunder of the sea And I don't know if I'm just dreaming Don't know if I feel sane But it's something that I must believe in And it's there when you call out my name. John Paul Young , in "Love Is in the Air" (1977) You know when I said I knew little about love? That wasn't true. I know a lot about love. I've seen it, seen centuries and centuries of it, and it was the only thing that made watching your world bearable. All those wars. Pain, lies, hate... Made me want to turn away and never look down again. But to see the way that mankind loves... I mean, you could search to the furthest reaches of the universe and never find anything more beautiful. So, yes, I know that love is unconditional. But I also know it can be unpredictable, unexpected, uncontrollable, unbearable and strangely easy to mistake for loathing, and... What I'm trying to say, Tristan, is... I think I love you. My heart... It feels like my chest can barely contain it. Like it doesn't belong to me any more. It belongs to you. And if you wanted it, I'd wish for nothing in exchange — no gifts, no goods, no demonstrations of devotion. Nothing but knowing you loved me, too. Just your heart, in exchange for mine. Wounds of fire are hard to bear; harder still are those of love. ~ Hjalmar Hjorth Boyesen Che amar chi t'odia, ell'è impossibil cosa. For 'tis impossible Vittorio Alfieri , Polinice, II. 4 Somewhere there waiteth in this world of ours For one lone soul another lonely soul, Each choosing each through all the weary hours, And meeting strangely at one sudden goal, Then blend they, like green leaves with golden flowers, Into one beautiful and perfect whole; And life's long night is ended, and the way Lies open onward to eternal day. Edwin Arnold , Somewhere There Waiteth Ma vie a son secret, mon âme a son mystére: Un amour éternel en un moment concu. La mal est sans remède, aussi j'ai dû le taire, Et elle qui l'a fait n'en a jamais rien su. One sweet, sad secret holds my heart in thrall; A mighty love within my breast has grown, Unseen, unspoken, and of no one known; And of my sweet, who gave it, least of all. Félix Arvers , Sonnet. Translation by Joseph Knight. In The Athenæum, Jan. 13, 1906. Arvers in Mes Heures Perdues, says that the sonnet was "mite de l'italien" How many times do I love, again? Tell me how many beads there are In a silver chain Unravelled from the trembling main And threading the eye of a yellow star:— So many times do I love again. Thomas Lovell Beddoes , How Many Times Mein Herz ich will dich fragen, Was ist denn Liebe, sag? "Zwei Seelen und ein Gedanke, Zwei Herzen und ein Schlag." My heart I fain would ask thee What then is Love? say on. "Two souls and one thought only Two hearts that throb as one." Von Münch Bellinghausen (Friedrich Halm)—Der Sohn der Wildniss, Act II. Translation by W. H. Charlton. (Commended by author). Popular translation. of the play is by Marie Lovell—Ingomar the Barbarian. Two souls with but a single thought, / Two hearts that beat as one To Chloe's breast young Cupid slily stole, But he crept in at Myra's pocket-hole. William Blake , Couplets and Fragments, IV Love in a shower safe shelter took, In a rosy bower beside a brook, And winked and nodded with conscious pride To his votaries drenched on the other side. Come hither, sweet maids, there's a bridge below, The toll-keeper, Hymen, will let you through. Come over the stream to me. Bloomfield , Glee, Stanza 1 Hjalmar Hjorth Boyesen , Gunnar, Chapter IV Le premier soupir de l'amour Est le dernier de la sagesse. The first sigh of love is the last of wisdom. Antoine Bret , Ecole amoureuse, scene 7 Much ado there was, God wot; He woold love, and she woold not, She sayd, "Never man was trewe;" He sayes, "None was false to you." Nicholas Breton , Phillida and Corydon In your arms was still delight, Quiet as a street at night; And thoughts of you, I do remember, Were green leaves in a darkened chamber, Were dark clouds in a moonless sky. For none can express thee, though all should approve thee. I love thee so, Dear, that I only can love thee. Behold me! I am worthy Of thy loving, for I love thee! Elizabeth Barrett Browning , Lady Geraldine's Courtship, Stanza 79 Who can fear Too many stars, though each in heaven shall roll— Too many flowers, though each shall crown the year? Say thou dost love me, love me, love me—toll The silver iterance!—only minding, Dear, To love me also in silence, with thy soul. Elizabeth Barrett Browning , Sonnets from the Portuguese, Sonnet XXI Unless you can feel when the song is done No other is sweet in its rhythm; Unless you can feel when left by one That all men else go with him. I think, am sure, a brother's love exceeds All the world's loves in its unworldliness. Robert Browning , Blot on the 'Scutcheon, Act II, scene 1 Never the time and the place And the loved one all together. Robert Browning , Never the Time and the Place God be thanked, the meanest of his creatures Boasts two soul-sides, one to face the world with, One to show a woman when he loves her. Robert Browning , One Word More, Stanza XVII Love has no thought of self! Love buys not with the ruthless usurer's gold The loathsome prostitution of a hand Without a heart! Love sacrifices all things To bless the thing it loves! Edward Bulwer-Lytton , The Lady of Lyons, Act V, scene 2, line 23 Love thou, and if thy love be deep as mine, Thou wilt not laugh at poets. Edward Bulwer-Lytton , Richelieu (1839), Act I, scene 1, line 177 No matter what you do, if your heart is ever true, And his heart was true to Poll. F. C. Burnand , His Heart was true to Poll To see her is to love her, And love but her forever; For nature made her what she is, And never made anither! The wisest man the warl' e'er saw, He dearly loved the lasses, O. Robert Burns , Green Grow the Rashes The golden hours on angel wings Flew o'er me and my dearie, For dear to me as light and life Was my sweet Highland Mary. Oh my luve's like a red, red rose, That's newly sprung in June; Oh my luve's like the melodie That's sweetly played in tune. Robert Burns , Red, Red Rose What is life, when wanting love? Night without a morning; Love's the cloudless summer sun, Nature gay adorning. Robert Burns , Thine am I, my Faithful Fair When things were as fine as could possibly be I thought 'twas the spring; but alas it was she. I'll bid the hyacinth to blow, I'll teach my grotto green to be; And sing my true love, all below The holly bower and myrtle tree. Thomas Campbell , Caroline, Part I My love lies bleeding. Thomas Campbell , O'Connor's Child, Stanza 5 He that loves a rosy cheek, Or a coral lip admires, Or from star-like eyes doth seek Fuel to maintain his fires, As Old Time makes these decay, So his flames must waste away. Then fly betimes, for only they Conquer love, that run away. Thomas Carew , Song, Conquest by Flight Of all the girls that are so smart There's none like pretty Sally; She is the darling of my heart, And lives in our alley. Henry Carey , Sally in our Alley Let Time and Chance combine, combine! Let Time and Chance combine! The fairest love from heaven above, That love of yours was mine, My Dear! Vivamus, mea Lesbia atque amemus. My Lesbia, let us live and love. Catullus , Carmina, V. 1 Mulier cupido quod dicit amanti, In vento et rapida scribere oportet aqua. What woman says to fond lover should be written on air or the swift water. Catullus , Carmina, LXX. 3 Difficile est longum subito deponere amorem. It is difficult at once to relinquish a long-cherished love. Catullus , Carmina, LXXVI. 13 Odi et amo. Quare id faciam, fortasse requiris. Nescio: sed fieri sentio, et excrucior. I hate and I love. Why do I do so you perhaps ask. I cannot say; but I feel it to be so, and I am tormented accordingly. Catullus , Carmina, LXXXV It's love, it's love that makes the world go round. Popular French song in Chansons Nationales et Populaires de France, Volume II, p. 180 (c. 1821) I tell thee Love is Nature's second sun, Causing a spring of virtues where he shines. George Chapman , All Fools, Act I, scene 1, line 98 None ever loved, but at first sight they loved. George Chapman , The Blind Beggar of Alexandria Banish that fear; my flame can never waste, For love sincere refines upon the taste. Colley Cibber , The Double Gallant, Act V, scene 1 Vivunt in venerem frondes omnisque vicissim Felix arbor amat; mutant ad mutua palmæ Fœdera. The leaves live but to love, and in all the lofty grove the happy trees love each his neighbor. Claudianus , De Nuptiis Honorii et Mariæ, LXV Her very frowns are fairer far Than smiles of other maidens are. Hartley Coleridge , Song, She is not Fair Alas! they had been friends in youth; But whispering tongues can poison truth, And constancy lives in realms above; And life is thorny, and youth is vain; And to be wroth with one we love Doth work like madness in the brain. Samuel Taylor Coleridge , Christabel (c. 1797-1801, published 1816), Part II All thoughts, all passions, all delights, Whatever stirs this mortal frame, All are but ministers of Love, And feed his sacred flame. Samuel Taylor Coleridge , Love, Stanza 1 I have heard of reasons manifold Why love must needs be blind, But this is the best of all I hold— His eyes are in his mind. Samuel Taylor Coleridge , To a Lady, Stanza 2 He that can't live upon love deserves to die in a ditch. Say what you will, 'tis better to be left Than never to have loved. William Congreve , Way of the World, Act II, scene 1 If there's delight in love, 'tis when I see The heart, which others bleed for, bleed for me. William Congreve , Way of the World, Act III, scene 3 I know not when the day shall be, I know not when our eyes may meet; What welcome you may give to me, Or will your words be sad or sweet, It may not be 'till years have passed, 'Till eyes are dim and tresses gray; The world is wide, but, love, at last, Our hands, our hearts, must meet some day. Hugh Conway , Some Day How wise are they that are but fools in love! How a man may choose a Good Wife, Act I. 1. Attributed to Joshua Cooke in Dictioanry of National Biography A mighty pain to love it is, And 'tis a pain that pain to miss; But, of all pains, the greatest pain Is to love, but love in vain. Abraham Cowley , Translation of Anacreontic Odes, VII. Gold. (Anacreon's authorship doubted) Better to love amiss than nothing to have loved. George Crabbe , The Struggles of Conscience, Tale 14 Heaven's great artillery. Richard Crashaw , Flaming Heart, line 56 Love's great artillery. Richard Crashaw , Prayer, line 18 Mighty Love's artillery. Richard Crashaw , Wounds of the Lord Jesus, line 2 And I, what is my crime I cannot tell, Vnless it be a crime to haue lou'd too well. Poor love is lost in men's capacious minds, In ours, it fills up all the room it finds. For life to come, is false to the past sweet Of mortal life, hath killed the world above. For why to live again if not to meet? And why to meet if not to meet in love? And why in love if not in that dear love of old? Sydney Dobell , Sonnet, To a Friend in Bereavement Give, you gods, Give to your boy, your Cæsar, The rattle of a globe to play withal, This gewgaw world, and put him cheaply off; I'll not be pleased with less than Cleopatra. John Dryden , All for Love, Act II, scene 1 How happy the lover, He sighs not in vain. John Dryden , King Arthur, IV. 1. Song Fool, not to know that love endures no tie, And Jove but laughs at lovers' perjury. John Dryden , Palamon and Arcite, Book II, line 75. Amphitron, Act I, scene 2 Pains of love be sweeter far Than all other pleasures are. John Dryden , Tyrannic Love, Act IV, scene 1 Two souls in one, two hearts into one heart. Guillaume de Salluste Du Bartas , Divine Weekes and Workes, First Week, Part I. Sixth day, line 1,057 I'm sitting on the stile. Mary, Where we sat side by side. Lady Dufferin , Lament of the Irish Emigrant Oh, tell me whence Love cometh! Love comes uncall'd, unsent. Oh, tell me where Love goeth! That was not Love that went. Burden of a Woman. Found in J. W. Ebsworth's Roxburghe Ballads The solid, solid universe With bandaged eyes he never errs, Around, below, above. A ruddy drop of manly blood The surging sea outweighs; The world uncertain comes and goes, The lover rooted stays. Ralph Waldo Emerson , Essays, First Series. Epigraph to Friendship Love, which is the essence of God, is not for levity, but for the total worth of man. Ralph Waldo Emerson , Essays, Of Friendship All mankind love a lover. Ralph Waldo Emerson , Essays, Of Love Venus, when her son was lost, Cried him up and down the coast, In hamlets, palaces, and parks, And told the truant by his marks,— Golden curls, and quiver, and bow. Ralph Waldo Emerson , Initial, Demoniac, and Celestial Love, Stanza 1 Mais on revient toujours A ses premières amours. But one always returns to one's first loves . Quoted by Étienne in Joconde, Act III. 1. Same idea in Pliny the Elder , Natural History, X, 63 Venus, thy eternal sway All the race of men obey. Euripides , Iphigenia in Aulis Love is the tyrant of the heart; it darkens Reason, confounds discretion; deaf to Counsel It runs a headlong course to desperate madness. John Ford , The Lover's Melancholy (licensed 24 November 1628; printed 1629), Act III, scene 3, line 105 Love, then, hath every bliss in store; 'Tis friendship, and 'tis something more. Each other every wish they give; Not to know love is not to live. John Gay , Plutus, Cupid and Time, line 135 I saw and loved. Edward Gibbon , Autobiographic Memoirs, p. 48 I love her doubling and anguish; I love the love she withholds, I love my love that loveth her, And anew her being moulds. R. W. Gilder , The New Day, Part III. Song XV Love, Love, my Love. The best things are the truest! When the earth lies shadowy dark below Oh, then the heavens are bluest! R. W. Gilder , The New Day, Part IV. Song I Not from the whole wide world I chose thee, Sweetheart, light of the land and the sea! The wide, wide world could not inclose thee, For thou art the whole wide world to me. I seek for one as fair and gay, But find none to remind me, How blest the hours pass'd away With the girl I left behind me. The Girl I Left Behind Me (1759) Es ist eine der grössten Himmelsgaben, So ein lieb' Ding im Arm zu haben. It is one of Heaven's best gifts to hold such a dear creature in one's arms. Und Lust und Liebe sind die Fittige zu grossen Thaten. Love and desire are the spirit's wings to great deeds. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , Iphigenia auf Tauris, II. 1. 107 In einem Augenblick gewährt die Liebe Was Mühe kaum in langer Zeit erreicht. Love grants in a moment What toil can hardly achieve in an age. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , Torquato Tasso, II. 3. 76 Man liebt an dem Mädchen was es ist, Und an dem Jüngling was er ankündigt. Girls we love for what they are; Young men for what they promise to be. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , Die Wahrheit und Dichtung, III. 14 Wenn ich dich lieb habe, was geht's dich an? If I love you, what business is that of yours? Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , Wilhelm Meister, IV. 9 Thus let me hold thee to my heart, And every care resign: And we shall never, never part, My life—my all that's mine! Oliver Goldsmith , The Hermit, Stanza 39 As for murmurs, mother, we grumble a little now and then, to be sure; but there's no love lost between us. Oliver Goldsmith , She Stoops to Conquer (1771), Act IV, line 255 Whoe'er thou art, thy Lord and master see, Thou wast my Slave, thou art, or thou shalt be. George Granville, 1st Baron Lansdowne , Inscription for a Figure representing the God of Love. See Genuine Works. (1732) I. 129. Version of a Greek couplet from the Greek Anthology Dear as the light that visits these sad eyes, Dear as the ruddy drops that warm my heart. Thomas Gray , The Bard, I. 3, line 12 O'er her warm cheek, and rising bosom, move The bloom of young Desire and purple light of love. Thomas Gray , The Progress of Poesy. I. 3, line 16 Love is a lock that linketh noble minds, Faith is the key that shuts the spring of love. Robert Greene , Alcida. Verses Written under a Carving of Cupid Blowing Bladders in the Air Greensleeves was all my joy, Greensleeves was my delight, Greensleeves was my heart of gold, And who but Lady Greensleeves? A new Courtly Sonnet of the Lady Greensleeves, to the new tune of "Greensleeves", from "A Handful of Pleasant Deities" (1584) The chemist of love Were it made out of mire, Transmute into gold. Francis Ridley Havergal , Royal Commandments, Loving Allegiance What a sweet reverence is that when a young man deems his mistress a little more than mortal and almost chides himself for longing to bring her close to his heart. Nathaniel Hawthorne , The Marble Faun (1860), Volume II, Chapter XV Whom the Lord loveth he chasteneth. Hebrews, XII. 6 Du bist wie eine Blume, so hold, so schön und rein; Ich shau' dich an und Wehmut schleicht mir ins Herz hinein. Oh fair, oh sweet and holy as dew at morning tide, I gaze on thee, and yearnings, sad in my bosom hide. Heinrich Heine , Du bist wie eine Blume Es ist eine alte Geschichte, Doch bleibt sie immer neu. It is an ancient story Yet is it ever new. Heinrich Heine , Lyrisches Intermezzo, 39 And once again we plighted our troth, And titter'd, caress'd, kiss'd so dearly. Heinrich Heine , Youthful Sorrows. No. 57, Stanza 2 Alas! for love, if thou art all, And nought beyond, O earth. Felicia Hemans , The Graves of a Household Open your heart and take us in, Love—love and me. William Ernest Henley , Rhymes and Rhythms, V No, not Jove Robert Herrick , Hesperides, To Silvia You say to me-wards your affection's strong; Pray love me little, so you love me long. Robert Herrick , Love me Little, Love me Long There is a lady sweet and kind, Was never face so pleased my mind; I did but see her passing by, And yet I love her till I die. Ascribed to Robert Herrick in the Scottish Student's Song-Book. Found on back of leaf 53 of Popish Kingdome or reigne of Antichrist, in Latin verse by Thomas Naogeorgus, and Englished by Barnabe Googe. Printed 1570. See Notes and Queries. S. IX. X. 427. Lines from Elizabethan Song-books. Bullen, p. 31. Reprinted from Thomas Ford's Music of Sundry Kinds. (1607) Bid me to live, and I will live Thy Protestant to be: Or bid me love, and I will give A loving heart to thee, A heart as soft, a heart as kind, A heart as sound and free As in the whole world thou canst find, That heart I'll give to thee. Robert Herrick , To Anthea, who may command him anything, No. 268 Let never man be bold enough to say, Thus, and no farther shall my passion stray: The first crime, past, compels us into more, And guilt grows fate, that was but choice, before. Aaron Hill , Athelwold, Act V, scene The Garden To love is to know the sacrifices which eternity exacts from life. John Oliver Hobbes , School for Saints, Chapter XXV O, love, love, love! Love is like a dizziness; It winna let a poor body Gang about his biziness! Hogg , Love is like a Dizziness, line 9 Cupid "the little greatest enemy." Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. , Professor at the Breakfast Table Soft is the breath of a maiden's Yes: Not the light gossamer stirs with less; But never a cable that holds so fast Through all the battles of wave and blast. Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. , Songs of Many Seasons, Dorothy, II, Stanza 7 Who love too much, hate in the like extreme. Homer , The Odyssey, Book XV, line 79. Pope's translation For love deceives the best of woman kind. Homer , The Odyssey, Book XV, line 463. Pope's translation Si sine amore, jocisque Nil est jucundum, vivas in amore jocisque. If nothing is delightful without love and jokes, then live in love and jokes. Horace , Epistles, I. 6. 65 What's our baggage? Only vows, Happiness, and all our care, And the flower that sweetly shows Nestling lightly in your hair. If you become a Nun, dear, The bishop Love will be; The Cupids every one, dear! Will chant—'We trust in thee!' From henceforth thou shalt learn that there is love To long for, pureness to desire, a mount Of consecration it were good to scale. Jean Ingelow , A Parson's Letter to a Young Poet, Part II, line 55 But great loves, to the last, have pulses red; All great loves that have ever died dropped dead. Douglas Jerrold , Jerrold's Wit, Love Greater love hath no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends. John, XV. 13 Love in a hut, with water and a crust, Is—Love, forgive us!—cinders, ashes, dust. John Keats , Lamia, Part II I wish you could invent some means to make me at all happy without you. Every hour I am more and more concentrated in you; everything else tastes like chaff in my mouth. John Keats , Letters, No, XXXVII When late I attempted your pity to move, Why seemed you so deaf to my prayers? Perhaps it was right to dissemble your love But—why did you kick me downstairs? J. P. Kemble , Panel, Act I, scene 1. Quoted from Asylum for Fugitive Pieces, Volume I, p. 15. (1785) where it appeared anonymously. Kemble is credited with its authorship. The Panel is adapted from Bickerstaff's 'Tis Well 'Tis No Worse, but these lines are not therein. It may also be found in Annual Register. Appendix. (1783) P. 201 What's this dull town to me? Robin's not near— He whom I wished to see, Wished for to hear; Where's all the joy and mirth Made life a heaven on earth? O! they're all fled with thee, Robin Adair. The hawk unto the open sky, The red deer to the wold; The Romany lass for the Romany lad, As in the days of old. Given in the N. Y. Times Review of Books as a previously written poem by F. C. Weatherby. Not found Sing, for faith and hope are high— None so true as you and I— Sing the Lovers' Litany: By the old Moulmein Pagoda, lookin' eastward to the sea, There's a Burma girl a-settin', and I know she thinks o' me; For the wind is in the palm-trees, and the temple-bells they say: "Come you back, you British soldier; come you back to Mandalay!" If Love were jester at the court of Death, And Death the king of all, still would I pray, "For me the motley and the bauble, yea, Though all be vanity, as the Preacher saith, The mirth of love be mine for one brief breath!" Frederic L. Knowles , If Love were Jester at the Court of Death Love begins with love. Jean de La Bruyère , The Characters and Manners of the Present Age, Chapter IV Le commencement et le déclin de l'amour se font sentir par l'embarras où l'on est de se trouver seuls. The beginning and the end of love are both marked by embarrassment when the two find themselves alone. Amour! Amour! quand tu nous tiens On peut bien dire, Adieu, prudence. O tyrant love, when held by you, We may to prudence bid adieu. François de La Rochefoucauld , Maxims, 114 Ce qui fait que amants et les maitresses ne s'ennuient point d'être ensemble; c'est qu'ils parlent toujours d'eux mêmes. The reason why lovers and their mistresses never tire of being together is that they are always talking of themselves. François de La Rochefoucauld , Maximes (1665–1678), 312 Do you know you have asked for the costliest thing Ever made by the Hand above— A woman's heart, and a woman's life, And a woman's wonderful love? Mary T. Lathrop , A Woman's Answer to a Man's Question. Erroneously credited to Mrs. Browning I love a lassie, a bonnie, bonnie lassie, She's as pure as the lily in the dell. She's as sweet as the heather, The bonnie, bloomin' heather, Harry Lauder and Gerald Grafton. I Love a Lassie Et c'est dans la première flamme Qu'est tout le nectar du baiser. And in that first flame Is all the nectar of the kiss. Lebrun , Mes Souvenirs, ou les Deux Rives de la Seine Love leads to present rapture,—then to pain; But all through Love in time is healed again. A warrior so bold, and a virgin so bright, Conversed as they sat on the green. They gazed on each other with tender delight, Alonzo the Brave was the name of the knight— The maiden's the Fair Imogene. M. G. Lewis—Alonzo the Brave and the Fair Imogene. First appeared in his novel Ambrosio the Monk. Found in his Tales of Wonder, Volume III, p. 63. Lewis's copy of his poem is in the British Museum Love contending with friendship, and self with each generous impulse. To and fro in his breast his thoughts were heaving and dashing, As in a foundering ship. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , The Courtship of Miles Standish (1858), Part III, line 7 Like Dian's kiss, unask'd, unsought, Love gives itself, but is not bought. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , Endymion (1818), Stanza 4 Does not all the blood within me Leap to meet thee, leap to meet thee, As the springs to meet the sunshine. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , The Song of Hiawatha (1855), Wedding Feast, line 153 It is difficult to know at what moment love begins; it is less difficult to know that it has begun. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , Kavanagh: A Tale (1849), Chapter XXI I do not love thee less for what is done, And cannot be undone. Thy very weakness Hath brought thee nearer to me, and henceforth My love will have a sense of pity in it, Making it less a worship than before. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , Masque of Pandora, Part VIII. In the Garden, line 39 So they grew, and they grew, to the church steeple tops And they couldn't grow up any higher; So they twin'd themselves into a true lover's knot, For all lovers true to admire. Lord Lovel. Old Ballad. History found in Professor Child's English and Scottish Popular Ballads, II. 204. Also in The New Comic Minstrel. Pub. by John Cameron, Glasgow. The original version seems to be as given there Under floods that are deepest, Which Neptune obey, Over rocks that are steepest, Love will find out the way. Love will find out the way. Ballad in Percy's Reliques Tell me not, sweet, I am unkind, That from the nunnery Of thy chaste breast and quiet mind To war and arms I fly. . . . . . . Yet this inconstancy is such As you too shall adore:— I could not love thee, dear, so much, Loved I not honour more. Richard Lovelace , To Lucasta, on going to the Wars. Given erroneously to Montrose by Scott True love is but a humble, low born thing, And hath its food served up in earthenware; It is a thing to walk with, hand in hand, Through the every-dayness of this workday world. James Russell Lowell , Love, line 1 Not as all other women are Is she that to my soul is dear; Her glorious fancies come from far, Beneath the silver evening star, And yet her heart is ever near. James Russell Lowell , My Love, Stanza 1 Wer nicht liebt Wein, Weib, und Gesang, Der bleibt ein Narr sein Leben lang. He who loves not wine, woman, and song, Remains a fool his whole life long. Attributed to Luther by Uhland in Die Geisterkelter. Found in Luther's Tischreden. Proverbs at end. Credited to J. H. Voss by Redlich, Die poetischen Beiträge zum Waudsbecker Bothen, Hamburg, 1871, p. 67 As love knoweth no lawes, so it regardeth no conditions. John Lyly , Euphues, p. 84 Cupid and my Campaspe play'd At cards for kisses; Cupid paid; He stakes his quiver, bow and arrows, His mother's doves, and team of sparrows; Loses them too; then down he throws The coral of his lip,—the rose Growing on 's cheek (but none knows how) With these, the crystal on his brow, And then the dimple of his chin; All these did my Campaspe win. At last he set her both his eyes, She won, and Cupid blind did rise. O Love! hath she done this to thee? What shall, alas! become of me? John Lyly , Alexander and Campaspe, Act III, scene VI. Song It is better to poyson hir with the sweet bait of love. George Lyttelton, 1st Baron Lyttelton , Advice to a Lady, Stanza 13 None without hope e'er lov'd the brightest fair: But Love can hope where Reason would despair. But thou, through good and evil, praise and blame, Wilt not thou love me for myself alone? Yes, thou wilt love me with exceeding love, And I will tenfold all that love repay; Still smiling, though the tender may reprove, Still faithful, though the trusted may betray. Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay , Lines Written July 30, 1847 This lass so neat, with smile so sweet, Has won my right good will, I'd crowns resign to call her mine, Sweet lass of Richmond Hill. Ascribed to Leonard McNally , who married Miss I'Anson, one of the claimants for the "Lass," by Sir Joseph Barrington in Sketches of His Own Times, Volume II, p. 47. Also credited to William Upton. It appeared in Public Advertiser, Aug. 3, 1789. "Sweet Lass of Richmond Hill" erroneously said to have been a sweetheart of King George III When Madelon comes out to serve us drinks, We always know she's coming by her song. And every man he tells his little tale, And Madelon, she listens all day long. Our Madelon is never too severe— A kiss or two is nothing much to her— She laughs us up to love and life and God— Madelon, Madelon, Madelon. La Madelon , song of the French Soldiers in the Great War Who ever lov'd, that lov'd not at first sight? Christopher Marlowe , Hero and Leander. First Sestiad, line 176. Quoted as a "dead shepherd's saw." Found in As You Like It Love me little, love me long. Christopher Marlowe , The Jew of Malta (c. 1592), Act IV, scene 6 Come live with me, and be my love, And we will all the pleasures prove, That valleys, groves, or hills, or fields, Or woods and steepy mountains, yield. Christopher Marlowe , The Passionate Shepherd to his Love, Stanza 1 Quand on n'a pas ce que l'on aime, il faut aimer ce que l'on a. If one does not possess what one loves, one should love what one has. Jean-François Marmontel , quoted by Moore in Irish Melodies, The Irish Peasant to His Mistress, Note Non amo te, Sabidi, nec possum dicere quare; Hoc tantum posse dicere: non amo te. I do not love thee, Sabidius, nor can I say why; I can only say this, "I do not love thee." Martial , Epigrams (c. 80-104 AD), I. 33. 1. (Name sometimes given "Savidi.") I do not love thee, Dr. Fell. But why I cannot tell; But this I know full well, I do not love thee, Dr. Fell. Paraphrase of Martial by Tom Brown, as given in his Works, ed. by Drake. (1760). Answer to Dean John Fell, of Oxford, IV. 100 Je ne vous aime pas, Hylas; Je n'en saurois dire la cause; Je sais seulement une chose. C'est que je ne vous aime pas. Paraphrase of Martial by Robert Rabutin (De Bussy)—Epigram 32, Book I I love thee not, Nell But why I can't tell. Paraphrase of Martial in Thomas Forde's Virtus Rediviva I love him not, but show no reason wherefore, but this, I do not love the man. Paraphrase of Martial by Rowland Watkyns, Antipathy Love is a flame to burn out human wills, Love is a flame to set the will on fire, Love is a flame to cheat men into mire. John Masefield , Widow in the Bye Street, Part II Great men, Till they have gained their ends, are giants in Their promises, but, those obtained, weak pigmies In their performance. And it is a maxim Allowed among them, so they may deceive, They may swear anything; for the queen of love, As they hold constantly, does never punish, But smile, at lovers' perjuries. Philip Massinger , Great Duke of Florence, Act II, scene 3 'Tis well to be merry and wise, 'Tis well to be honest and true; 'Tis well to be off with the old love, Before you are on with the new. As used by Charles Maturin , for the motto to "Bertram," produced at Drury Lane, 1816 It is good to be merry and wise, It is good to be honest and true, It is best to be off with the old love, Before you are on with the new. Published in "Songs of England and Scotland." London, 1835, Volume II, p. 73 I loved you ere I knew you; know you now, And having known you, love you better still. Owen Meredith (Lord Lytton), Vanini Love is all in fire, and yet is ever freezing; Love is much in winning, yet is more in leesing: Love is ever sick, and yet is never dying; Love is ever true, and yet is ever lying; Love does doat in liking, and is mad in loathing; Love indeed is anything, yet indeed is nothing. Thomas Middleton , Blurt, Master Constable (c. 1601), Act II, scene 2 I never heard Of any true affection but 'twas nipped. Thomas Middleton , Blurt, Master Constable (c. 1601), Act III, scene 2 He who for love hath undergone The worst that can befall, Is happier thousandfold than one Who never loved at all. Monckton Milnes , To Myrzha, On Returning Such sober certainty of waking bliss. John Milton , Comus, 263 La fleur nominée héliotrope tourne sans cesse vers cet astre du jour, aussi mon cœur dorénavant tournera-t-il toujours vers les astres resplendissants de vos yeux adorables, ainsi que son pôle unique. The flower called heliotrope turns without ceasing to that star of the day, so also my heart henceforth will turn itself always towards the resplendent stars of your adorable eyes, as towards its only pole. Molière , Le Malade Imaginaire, Act II, scene 6 L'amour est souvent un fruit de mariage. Love is often a fruit of marriage. Molière , Sganarelle, I. 1 If a man should importune me to give a reason why I loved him, I find it could no otherwise be expressed than by making answer, Because it was he; because it was I. There is beyond all that I am able to say, I know not what inexplicable and fated power that brought on this union. Michel de Montaigne , Essays, Book I, Chapter XXVII Celuy ayme peu qui ayme à la mesure. He loves little who loves by rule. Michel de Montaigne , Essays, Book I, Chapter XXVIII Yes, loving is a painful thrill, And not to love more painful still; But oh, it is the worst of pain, To love and not be lov'd again. Thomas Moore , Anacreontic, Ode 29 No, the heart that has truly loved never forgets, But as truly loves on to the close, As the sunflower turns on her god, when he sets, The same look which she turn'd when he rose. Thomas Moore , Believe Me, If All Those Endearing Young Charms, Stanza 2 I know not, I ask not, if guilt's in that heart, I but know that I love thee, whatever thou art. Thomas Moore , Come, Rest in This Bosom, Stanza 2 A boat at midnight sent alone To drift upon the moonless sea, A lute, whose leading chord is gone, A wounded bird, that hath but one Imperfect wing to soar upon, Are like what I am, without thee. Thomas Moore , Loves of the Angels, Second Angel's Story But there's nothing half so sweet in life As love's young dream. Thomas Moore , Love's Young Dream, Stanza 1 "Tell me, what's Love;" said Youth, one day, To drooping Age, who crost his way.— "It is a sunny hour of play; For which repentance dear doth pay; Repentance! Repentance! Thomas Moore , Youth and Age I've wandered east, I've wandered west, I've bourne a weary lot; But in my wanderings far or near Ye never were forgot. The fount that first burst frae this heart Still travels on its way And channels deeper as it rins The luve o' life's young day. Duty's a slave that keeps the keys, But Love, the master goes in and out Of his goodly chambers with song and shout, Just as he please—just as he please. Ah, dearer than my soul… Dearer than light, or life, or fame. John Oldham , Lament for Saul and Jonathan Jupiter ex alto perjuria ridet amantum. Jupiter from on high laughs at the perjuries of lovers. Ovid , Ars Amatoria, Book I. 633 Res est soliciti plena timoris amor. Love is a thing full of anxious fears. Ovid , Heroides, I. 12 Quicquid Amor jussit non est contemnere tutum. Regnat, et in dominos jus habet ille deos. It is not safe to despise what Love commands. He reigns supreme, and rules the mighty gods. Ovid , Heroides, IV. 11 Hei mihi! quod nullis amor est medicabilis herbis. Ah me! love can not be cured by herbs. Ovid , Metamorphoses, I. 523 Non bene conveniunt, nec in una sede morantur, Majestas et amor. Love is a credulous thing. Ovid , Metamorphoses, VII. 826. Heroides, VI. 21 Otia si tollas, periere cupidinis arcus. If you give up your quiet life, the bow of Cupid will lose its power. Ovid , Remedia Amoris, CXXXIX Qui finem quæris amoris, (Cedit amor rebus) res age; tutus eris. If thou wishest to put an end to love, attend to business (love yields to employment); then thou wilt be safe. Ovid , Remedia Amoris, CXLIII Let those love now who never lov'd before, Let those who always loved now love the more. Thomas Parnell—Translation of the Pervigilium Veneris. Ancient poem. Author unknown. Ascribed to Catullus. See also Burton—Anatomy of Melancholy, Part III, Section II. Memb. 5. 5 The moods of love are like the wind, And none knows whence or why they rise. Coventry Patmore , The Angel in the House, Sarum Plain My merry, merry, merry roundelay Concludes with Cupid's curse, They that do change old love for new, Pray gods, they change for worse! George Peele , Cupid's Curse; From the Arraignment of Paris What thing is love?—for (well I wot) love is a thing. It is a prick, it is a sting. It is a pretty, pretty thing; It is a fire, it is a coal, Whose flame creeps in at every hole! George Peele , Miscellaneous Poems, The Hunting of Cupid Love will make men dare to die for their beloved—love alone; and women as well as men. Qui amat, tamen hercle si esurit, nullum esurit. He that is in love, faith, if he be hungry, is not hungry at all. Plautus , Casina, IV. 2. 16 Amor et melle et felle est fœcundissimus: Gustu dat dulce, amarum ad satietatem usque aggerit. Love has both its gall and honey in abundance: it has sweetness to the taste, but it presents bitterness also to satiety. Plautus , Cistellaria, I. 1. 71 Auro contra cedo modestum amatorem. Find me a reasonable lover against his weight in gold. Plautus , Curculio, I. 3. 45 Qui in amore præcipitavit pejus perit, quam si saxo saliat. He who falls in love meets a worse fate than he who leaps from a rock. Plautus , Trinummus, II. 1. 30 A lover's soul lives in the body of his mistress. Ah! what avails it me the flocks to keep, Who lost my heart while I preserv'd my sheep. Alexander Pope , Autumn, line 79 Is it, in Heav'n, a crime to love too well? To bear too tender or too firm a heart, To act a lover's or a Roman's part? Is there no bright reversion in the sky For those who greatly think, or bravely die? Alexander Pope , Elegy on an Unfortunate Lady Love, free as air, at sight of human ties, Spreads his light wings, and in a moment flies. Alexander Pope , Epistle to Eloisa, last line Ye gods, annihilate but space and time, And make two lovers happy. Alexander Pope , Martinus Scriblerus on the Art of Sinking in Poetry, Chapter XI O Love! for Sylvia let me gain the prize, And make my tongue victorious as her eyes. Alexander Pope , Spring, line 49 Scilicent insano nemo in amore videt. Everybody in love is blind. Sextus Propertius , Elegiæ, II. 14. 18 Divine is Love and scorneth worldly pelf, And can be bought with nothing but with self. Sir Walter Raleigh , Love the Only Price of Love If all the world and love were young, And truth in every shepherd's tongue, These pretty pleasures might me move To live with thee, and be thy love. Sir Walter Raleigh , The Nymph's Reply to the Passionate Shepherd Ach die Zeiten der Liebe rollen nicht zurück, sondern ewig weiter hinab. Ah! The seasons of love roll not backward but onward, downward forever. Die Liebe vermindert die weibliche Feinheit und verstärkt die männliche. Love lessens woman's delicacy and increases man's. Jean Paul Richter , Titan, Zykel 34 Ein liebendes Mädchen wird unbewust kühner. A loving maiden grows unconsciously more bold. Jean Paul Richter , Titan, Zykel 71 As one who cons at evening o'er an album all alone, And muses on the faces of the friends that he has known, So I turn the leaves of Fancy, till in shadowy design I find the smiling features of an old sweetheart of mine. James Whitcomb Riley , An Old Sweetheart of Mine The hours I spent with thee, dear heart, Are as a string of pearls to me; I count them over, every one apart, My rosary, my rosary. Oh! she was good as she was fair. None—none on earth above her! As pure in thought as angels are, To know her was to love her. Samuel Rogers , Jacqueline, Part I, line 68 Love is the fulfilling of the law. Romans, XIII. 10 Trust thou thy Love: if she be proud, is she not sweet? Trust thou thy love: if she be mute, is she not pure? Lay thou thy soul full in her hands, low at her feet— Fail, Sun and Breath!—yet, for thy peace, she shall endure. John Ruskin , Trust Thou Thy Love Whither thou goest, I will go; and where thou lodgest, I will lodge: thy people shall be my people, and thy God my God. Ruth. I. 16 Et l'on revient toujours à ses premiers amours. One always returns to his first love . St. Just L'amour est un égoïsme à deux. Love is an egotism of two. Antoine de Salle Thy love to me was wonderful, passing the love of women. II Samuel. I. 26 Raum ist in der kleinsten Hütte Für ein glücklich liebend Paar. In the smallest cot there is room enough for a loving pair. Friedrich Schiller , Der Jüngling am Bache, Stanza 4 Arm in Arm mit dir, So fordr' ich mein Jahrhundert in die Schranken. Thus Arm in Arm with thee I dare defy my century into the lists. Friedrich Schiller , Don Carlos, I. 9. 97 Ah, to that far distant strand Bridge there was not to convey, Not a bark was near at hand, Yet true love soon found the way. Friedrich Schiller , Hero and Leander. Bowring's translation O dass sie ewig grünen bliebe, Die schöne Zeit der jungen Liebe. O that it might remain eternally green, The beautiful time of youthful love. Friedrich Schiller , Lied von der Glocke Ich habe genossen das irdische Glück, Ich habe gelebt und geliebt. I have enjoyed earthly happiness, I have lived and loved. Friedrich Schiller , Piccolomini, III. 7. 9 Mortals, while through the world you go, Hope may succor and faith befriend, Yet happy your hearts if you can but know, Love awaits at the journey's end! Clinton Scollard , The Journey's End—Envoy And love is loveliest when embalm'd in tears. Walter Scott , Lady of the Lake (1810), Canto IV, Stanza 1 In peace, Love tunes the shepherd's reed; In war, he mounts the warrior's steed; In halls, in gay attire is seen; In hamlets, dances on the green. Love rules the court, the camp, the grove, And men below, and saints above; For love is heaven, and heaven is love. Walter Scott , The Lay of the Last Minstrel (1805), Canto III, Stanza 2 Her blue eyes sought the west afar, For lovers love the western star. Walter Scott , The Lay of the Last Minstrel (1805), Canto III, Stanza 24 True love's the gift which God has given To man alone beneath the heaven. It is the secret sympathy, The silver link, the silken tie, Which heart to heart, and mind to mind, In body and in soul can bind. Walter Scott , The Lay of the Last Minstrel (1805), Canto V, Stanza 13 Where shall the lover rest, Whom the fates sever From his true maiden's breast, Parted for ever? Where, through groves deep and high, Sounds the far billow, Walter Scott , Marmion (1808), Canto III, Stanza 10 Magis gauderes quod habueras, quam moereres quod amiseras. Better to have loved and lost, than not to have loved at all. (Free translation). Odit verus amor nec patitur moras. True love hates and will not bear delay. Seneca the Younger , Hercules Furens, 588 Qui blandiendo dulce nutrivit malum, Sero recusat ferre, quod subiit, jugum. He who has fostered the sweet poison of love by fondling it, finds it too late to refuse the yoke which he has of his own accord assumed. Si vis amari, ama. If you wish to be loved, love. Seneca the Younger , Epistolæ Ad Lucilium, IX. Ausonius—Epigrams. XCI. 6. Martial, Epigrams, VI. 11. Ovid, Ars Amatoria, II. 107. Attributed to Plato by Burton Love's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeks Within his bending sickle's compass come; Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks, But bears it out even to the edge of doom. If this be error and upon me prov'd, I never writ, nor no man ever lov'd. William Shakespeare , Sonnet CXVI When you loved me I gave you the whole sun and stars to play with. I gave you eternity in a single moment, strength of the mountains in one clasp of your arms, the volume of all the seas in one impulse of your soul. A moment only; but was it not enough? Were you not paid then for all the rest of your struggle on earth?… When I opened the gates of paradise, were you blind? Was it nothing to you? When all the stars sang in your ears and all the winds swept you the heart of heaven, were you deaf? were you dull? was I no more to you than a bone to a dog? Was it not enough? We spent eternity together; and you ask me for a little lifetime more. We possessed all the universe together; and you ask me to give you my scanty wages as well. I have given you the greatest of all things; and you ask me to give you little things. I gave you your own soul: you ask me for my body as a plaything. Was it not enough? Was it not enough? Bernard Shaw , Getting Married The fickleness of the woman I love is only equalled by the infernal constancy of the women who love me. Bernard Shaw , The Philanderer, Act II Love's Pestilence, and her slow dogs of war. Percy Bysshe Shelley , Hellas, line 321 My true-love hath my heart, and I have his, By just exchange, one for the other given; I hold his dear, and mine he cannot miss, There never was a better bargain driven. Sir Philip Sidney , My True Love Hath my Heart They love indeed who quake to say they love. Sir Philip Sidney , Astrophel and Stella, LIV Priests, altars, victims, swam before my sight. Edmund Smith , Phædra and Hippolytus, Act I, scene 1 Thy fatal shafts unerring move; I bow before thine altar, Love! Tobias Smollett , Roderick Random, Chapter XL, Stanza 1 Love is strong as death; jealousy is cruel as the grave. Song of Solomon, VIII. 6 Many waters cannot quench love, neither can the floods drown it. Song of Solomon, VIII. 7 And when my own Mark Antony Against young Cæsar strove, And Rome's whole world was set in arms, The cause was,—all for love. Robert Southey , All for Love, Part II, Stanza 26 Cupid "the little greatest god." Robert Southey , Commonplace Book. 4th Series, p. 462 They sin who tell us Love can die: With life all other passions fly, All others are but vanity, In Heaven Ambition cannot dwell, Nor Avarice in the vaults of Hell. Robert Southey , Curse of Kehama. Mount Meru, Stanza 10 Together linkt with adamantine chains. Edmund Spenser , Hymn in Honour of Love. Phrase used by Drummond, Flowers of Sion. Belvoir, in Harleian Miscellany, IV. 559. Phineas Fletcher—Purple Island, Chapter XII. 64. (1633). Manilius, Book I. 921. Marini—Sospetto d'Herode. Sts. 14 and 18, Crashaw's translation. Shelley, Revolt of Islam, III. 19 To be wise and eke to love, Is granted scarce to gods above. Edmund Spenser , Shepheard's Calendar, March Love is the emblem of eternity: it confounds all notion of time: effaces all memory of a beginning, all fear of an end. Anne Louise Germaine de Staël , Corinne (1807), Book VIII, Chapter II Where we really love, we often dread more than we desire the solemn moment that exchanges hope for certainty. Anne Louise Germaine de Staël , Corinne (1807), Book VIII, Chapter IV L'amour est l'histoire de la vie des femmes; c'est un épisode dans celle des hommes. Love is the history of a woman's life; it is an episode in man's. Anne Louise Germaine de Staël , De l'influence des passions, Works, III, p. 135. (Ed. 1820) Sweetheart, when you walk my way, Be it dark or be it day; Dreary winter, fairy May, I shall know and greet you. For each day of grief or grace Brings you nearer my embrace; Love hath fashioned your dear face, I shall know you when I meet you. Frank L. Stanton , Greeting To love her was a liberal education. Steele , of Lady Elizabeth Hastings, in The Tatler, No. 49. Augustine Birrell in Obiter Dicta calls this "the most magnificent compliment ever paid by man to a woman" I who all the Winter through, Cherished other loves than you And kept hands with hoary policy in marriage-bed and pew; Now I know the false and true, For the earnest sun looks through, And my old love comes to meet me in the dawning and the dew. Robert Louis Stevenson , poem written 1876 And my heart springs up anew, Bright and confident and true, And the old love comes to meet me, in the dawning and the dew. Robert Louis Stevenson , poem written 1876 Just like Love is yonder rose, Heavenly fragrance round it throws, Yet tears its dewy leaves disclose, And in the midst of briars it blows Just like Love. Viscount Strangford , Just like Love, Translation of Poems of Camoens Why so pale and wan, fond lover, Prithee, why so pale? Will, when looking well can't move her, Looking ill prevail? Sir John Suckling , Song, Stanza 1 Love in its essence is spiritual fire. Emanuel Swedenborg , True Christian Religion, Par. 31 In all I wish, how happy should I be, Thou grand Deluder, were it not for thee? So weak thou art that fools thy power despise; And yet so strong, thou triumph'st o'er the wise. Love, as is told by the seers of old, Comes as a butterfly tipped with gold, Flutters and flies in sunlit skies, Weaving round hearts that were one time cold. If love were what the rose is, And I were like the leaf, Our lives would grow together In sad or singing weather. O Love, O great god Love, what have I done, That thou shouldst hunger so after my death? My heart is harmless as my life's first day: Seek out some false fair woman, and plague her Till her tears even as my tears fill her bed. Algernon Charles Swinburne , The Complaint of Lisa Love laid his sleepless head On a thorny rose bed: And his eyes with tears were red, And pale his lips as the dead. Algernon Charles Swinburne , Love Laid his Sleepless Head I that have love and no more Give you but love of you, sweet; He that hath more, let him give; He that hath wings, let him soar; Mine is the heart at your feet Here, that must love you to live. Cogas amantem irasci, amare si velis. You must make a lover angry if you wish him to love. Syrus , Maxims Tum, ut adsolet in amore et ira, jurgia, preces, exprobrutio, satisfactio. Then there is the usual scene when lovers are excited with each other, quarrels, entreaties, reproaches, and then fondling reconcilement. Tacitus , Annales (AD 117), XIII. 44 When gloaming treads the heels of day And birds sit cowering on the spray, Along the flowery hedge I stray, To meet mine ain dear somebody. I love thee, I love but thee, With a love that shall not die Till the sun grows cold, And the stars are old, And the leaves of the Judgment Book unfold! Love better is than Fame. Bayard Taylor , Christmas Sonnets, Lyrics. To J. L. G Love's history, as Life's, is ended not By marriage. Bayard Taylor , Lars, Book III For love's humility is Love's true pride. Bayard Taylor , Poet's Journal, Third Evening. The Mother And on her lover's arm she leant, And round her waist she felt it fold, And far across the hills they went In that new world which is the old. Alfred Tennyson , Day Dream, The Departure. I I loved you, and my love had no return, And therefore my true love has been my death. Alfred Tennyson , Lancelot and Elaine, line 1,298 Shall it not be scorn to me to harp on such a moulder'd string? I am shamed through all my nature to have lov'd so slight a thing. Alfred Tennyson , Locksley Hall (1835, published 1842), Stanza 74 Love is hurt with jar and fret; Love is made a vague regret. Alfred Tennyson , The Miller's Daughter, Stanza 28 It is best to love wisely, no doubt; but to love foolishly is better than not to be able to love at all. William Makepeace Thackeray , Pendennis, Chapter VI Werther had a love for Charlotte, Such as words could never utter; Would you know how first he met her? She was cutting bread and butter. William Makepeace Thackeray , The Sorrows of Werther Like to a wind-blown sapling grow I from The cliff, Sweet, of your skyward-jetting soul,— Shook by all gusts that sweep it, overcome By all its clouds incumbent; O be true To your soul, dearest, as my life to you! For if that soil grow sterile, then the whole Of me must shrivel, from the topmost shoot Of climbing poesy, and my life, killed through, Dry down and perish to the foodless root. Francis Thompson , Manus Animam Pinxit Why should we kill the best of passions, love? It aids the hero, bids ambition rise To nobler heights, inspires immortal deeds, Even softens brutes, and adds a grace to virtue. James Thomson , Sophonisba, Act V, scene 2 O, what are you waiting for here? young man! What are you looking for over the bridge?— A little straw hat with the streaming blue ribbons Is soon to come dancing over the bridge. Nec jurare time; Veneris perjuria venti Irrita per terras et freta summa ferunt, Gratia magna Jovi; vetuit pater ipse valere, Jurasset cupide quicquid ineptus amor. Fear not to swear; the winds carry the perjuries of lovers without effect over land and sea, thanks to Jupiter. The father of the gods himself has denied effect to what foolish lovers in their eagerness have sworn. Tibullus , Carmina, I, 4, 21 Perjuria ridet amantium Jupiter et ventos irrita ferre jubet. At lovers' perjuries Jove laughs and throws them idly to the winds. Tibullus , Carmina, III, 6, 49 Die Liebe wintert nicht; Nein, nein! Ist und bleibt Frühlings-Schein. Love knows no winter; no, no! It is, and remains the sign of spring. At first, she loved nought else but flowers, And then—she only loved the rose; And then—herself alone; and then— She knew not what, but now—she knows. Ridgely Torrence , House of a Hundred Lights For Truth makes holy Love's illusive dreams, And their best promise constantly redeems. The warrior for the True, the Right, Fights in Love's name; The love that lures thee from that fight Lures thee to shame: That love which lifts the heart, yet leaves The spirit free,— That love, or none, is fit for one Man-shaped like thee. Virgil , Æneid (29-19 BC), IV. 296 For all true love is grounded on esteem. Villiers (Duke of Buckingham) To love is to believe, to hope, to know; 'Tis an essay, a taste of Heaven below! Edmund Waller , Divine Poems, Divine Love, Canto III, line 17 Could we forbear dispute, and practise love, We should agree as angels do above. Edmund Waller , Divine Poems, Divine Love, Canto III, line 25 And the King with his golden sceptre, The Pope with Saint Peter's key, Can never unlock the one little heart That is opened only to me. For I am the Lord of a Realm, And I am Pope of a See; Indeed I'm supreme in the kingdom That is sitting, just now, on my knee. C. H. Webb , The King and the Pope What we can do for another is the test of powers; what we can suffer for is the test of love. O, rank is good, and gold is fair, And high and low mate ill; But love has never known a law Beyond its own sweet will! John Greenleaf Whittier , Amy Wentworth, Stanza 18 "I'm sorry that I spell'd the word; I hate to go above you, Because"—the brown eyes lower fell,— "Because, you see, I love you!" John Greenleaf Whittier , In School-Days, Stanza 4 Your love in a cottage is hungry, Your vine is a nest for flies— Your milkmaid shocks the Graces, And simplicity talks of pies! You lie down to your shady slumber And wake with a bug in your ear, And your damsel that walks in the morning Is shod like a mountaineer. Nathaniel Parker Willis , Low in a Cottage, Stanza 3 He loves not well whose love is bold! I would not have thee come too nigh. The sun's gold would not seem pure gold Unless the sun were in the sky: To take him thence and chain him near Would make his beauty disappear. The unconquerable pang of despised love. William Wordsworth , Excursion, Book VI. Hamlet, Act III, scene 1 For mightier far Than strength of nerve or sinew, or the sway Of magic potent over sun and star, Is love, though oft to agony distrest, And though his favourite be feeble woman's breast. William Wordsworth , Laodamia, Stanza 15 O dearer far than light and life are dear. William Wordsworth , Poems Founded on the Affections, No. XIX. To. ——, VII. 114 While all the future, for thy purer soul, With "sober certainties" of love is blest. William Wordsworth , Poems Founded on the Affections, VII. 115. (Knight's ed.) Farewell, Love, and all thy laws for ever. Sir Thomas Wyatt , Songs and Sonnets, A Renouncing of Love. With every act of love we move a little closer to immortality, whereas every act of hate brings us nearer to death. Recueil de Caprices	Something
What was the challanging method of catching a fly asked of Daniel in the film The Karate Kid?	Love - Wikiquote Love Jump to: navigation , search There is, in the human Breast, a social Affection, which extends to our whole Species. ~ John Adams Love is a variety of different feelings, states, and attitudes that ranges from interpersonal affection ("I love my mother") to pleasure ("I loved that meal"). It can refer to an emotion of a strong attraction and personal attachment. It can also be a virtue representing human kindness, compassion, and affection—"the unselfish loyal and benevolent concern for the good of another". It may also describe compassionate and affectionate actions towards other humans, one's self or animals. A[ edit ] Love is the expansion of two natures in such fashion that each include the other, each is enriched by the other. Love is an echo in the feelings of a unity subsisting between two persons which is founded both on likeness and on complementary differences. ~ Felix Adler The greatest thing you'll ever learn is just to love and be loved in return. ~ Eden Ahbez Love is the only thing that we can carry with us when we go, and it makes the end so easy. ~ Louisa May Alcott Love costs all we are and will ever be. Yet it is only love which sets us free. A Brave and Startling Truth. ~ Maya Angelou Love is the principal cause of pleasure. ~ Thomas Aquinas Choose to love whomsoever thou wilt: all else will follow. ~ Augustine of Hippo What love will make you do All the things that we accept Be the things that we regret ~ Ashanti Once for all, then, a short precept is given thee: Love, and do what thou wilt... ~ Augustine of Hippo Let the root of love be within, of this root can nothing spring but what is good. ~ Augustine of Hippo Since love grows within you, so beauty grows. For love is the beauty of the soul. ~ Augustine of Hippo Choose to love whomsoever thou wilt: all else will follow. ~ Augustine of Hippo Love flowers best in openness and freedom. Edward Abbey , Desert Solitaire (1968), "Cliffrose and Bayonets", p. 26 Love can defeat that nameless terror. Loving one another, we take the sting from death. Loving our mysterious blue planet, we resolve riddles and dissolve all enigmas in contingent bliss. The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (2005), film based on the novel by Douglas Adams Mysterious love, uncertain treasure, Hast thou more of pain or pleasure! Endless torments dwell about thee: Yet who would live, and live without thee! Joseph Addison , Rosamond (c. 1707), Act III, scene 2 When love's well-timed 'tis not a fault to love; The strong, the brave, the virtuous, and the wise, Sink in the soft captivity together. Joseph Addison , Cato, A Tragedy (1713), Act III, scene 1 When love once pleads admission to our hearts, (In spite of all the virtue we can boast), The woman that deliberates is lost. Joseph Addison , Cato, A Tragedy (1713), Act IV, scene 1 Love is the expansion of two natures in such fashion that each include the other, each is enriched by the other. Love is an echo in the feelings of a unity subsisting between two persons which is founded both on likeness and on complementary differences. Without the likeness there would be no attraction; without the challenge of the complementary differences there could not be the closer interweaving and the inextinguishable mutual interest which is the characteristic of all deeper relationships. Felix Adler , Life and Destiny (1913), Section 5: Love and Marriage The greatest thing you'll ever learn is just to love and be loved in return. Louisa May Alcott , Little Women (1868), chapter 24: Gossip Love is the only thing that we can carry with us when we go, and it makes the end so easy. Louisa May Alcott , Little Women (1868), chapter 40: The Valley Of The Shadow “There is much to be known,” said Adaon, “and above all much to be loved, be it the turn of the seasons or the shape of a river pebble. Indeed, the more we find to love, the more we add to the measure of our hearts.” Love is the answer, but while you're waiting for the answer, sex raises some pretty interesting questions. Woody Allen , reported in James Robert Parish, The Hollywood Book of Love, (2003), p. 35 Who sings of all of Love's eternity Who shines so bright In all the songs of Love's unending spells? Holy lightning strikes all that's evil Teaching us to love for goodness sake. Hear the music of Love Eternal Teaching us to reach for goodness sake. Jon Anderson , in "Loved by the Sun", from movie Legend (1985) (YouTube video) We, unaccustomed to courage live coiled in shells of loneliness until love leaves its high holy temple and comes into our sight to liberate us into life. Maya Angelou , A Brave and Startling Truth (1995) If we are bold, love strikes away the chains of fear from our souls. Maya Angelou , A Brave and Startling Truth (1995) Love costs all we are and will ever be. Yet it is only love which sets us free. A Brave and Startling Truth. Maya Angelou , A Brave and Startling Truth (1995) Σχέτλι᾽ Ἔρως, μέγα πῆμα, μέγα στύγος ἀνθρώποισιν, ἐκ σέθεν οὐλόμεναί τ᾽ ἔριδες στοναχαί τε γόοι τε, ἄλγεά τ᾽ ἄλλ᾽ ἐπὶ τοῖσιν ἀπείρονα τετρήχασιν. Unconscionable Love, bane and tormentor of mankind, parent of strife, fountain of tears, source of a thousand ills. Apollonius of Rhodes , Argonautica (3rd century BC), Book IV, lines 445–447 (tr. E. V. Rieu) The third principle [way doing good to another may give pleasure] is the motive: for instance when a man is moved by one whom he loves, to do good to someone: for whatever we do or suffer for a friend is pleasant, because love is the principal cause of pleasure. [Thomas Aquinas], Summa Theologica (1265–1274), I-II, q. 32, art. 6 To love is to will the good of the other. [Thomas Aquinas], Summa Theologica (1265–1274), II-II, q. 26, art. 6 Álomban és szerelemben nincs lehetetlenség. In dreams and in love there are no impossibilities. János Arany , as quoted in Dictionary of Quotations from Ancient and Modern, English and Foreign Sources (1893) by James Wood, p. 11 Love is composed of a single soul inhabiting two bodies. Attributed to Aristotle in Richard Alan Krieger, Civilization's Quotations: Life's Ideal (2002), p. 47, misquoting earlier reports of the quote which used "friendship" rather than "love". Remember that time slurs over everything, let all deeds fade, blurs all writings and kills all memories. Exempt are only those which dig into the hearts of men by love. Aristotle , Free Translation from the French version of a letter named "The Letter of Aristotle to Alexander on the Policy toward the Cities". Basis for translation: Lettre d’Aristote à Alexandre sur la politique envers les cités, Arabic text edition and translated/edited by Józef Bielawski and Marian Plezia (Warsaw: Polish Academy of Sciences, 1970), page 72 All our young lives we search for someone to love. Someone who makes us complete. We choose partners and change partners. We dance to a song of heartbreak and hope. All the while wondering if somewhere, somehow, there's someone perfect who might be searching for us. Kevin Arnold (played by Daniel Stern) narrating in The Wonder Years (1988) Alas! is even love too weak To unlock the heart, and let it speak? Are even lovers powerless to reveal To one another what indeed they feel? I knew the mass of men conceal'd Their thoughts, for fear that if reveal'd They would by other men be met With blank indifference, or with blame reproved; I knew they lived and moved Trick'd in disguises, alien to the rest Of men, and alien to themselves — and yet The same heart beats in every human breast! Ah, love, let us be true To one another! for the world, which seems To lie before us like a land of dreams, So various, so beautiful, so new, Hath really neither joy, nor love, nor light, Nor certitude, nor peace, nor help for pain; And we are here as on a darkling plain Swept with confused alarms of struggle and flight, Where ignorant armies clash by night. Matthew Arnold , Dover Beach (1867), St. 4 Greatness is a spiritual condition worthy to excite love, interest, and admiration; and the outward proof of possessing greatness is that we excite love, interest, and admiration. Matthew Arnold , Culture and Anarchy (1869), Ch. I, Sweetness and Light Full text online What love will make you do All the things that we accept Be the things that we regret Ashanti , Foolish (January 29, 2002) from the April 2, 2002 album Ashanti The Eskimo has fifty-two names for snow because it is important to them; there ought to be as many for love. Margaret Atwood , Surfacing (1972) p. 107 Variant: The Eskimos had 52 names for snow because it was important to them; there ought to be as many for love. Hunger allows no choice To the citizen or the police; We must love one another or die. W. H. Auden , September 1, 1939 (1939) Lines 78-88; for a 1955 anthology text the poet changed this line to "We must love one another and die" to avoid what he regarded as a falsehood in the original. Among those whom I like or admire, I can find no common denominator, but among those whom I love, I can: all of them make me laugh. W. H. Auden , The Dyer's Hand, and other essays‎ (1962), p. 372 It is love that asks, that seeks, that knocks, that finds, and that is faithful to what it finds. Augustine of Hippo , reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 392 Once for all, then, a short precept is given thee: Love, and do what thou wilt: whether thou hold thy peace, through love hold thy peace; whether thou cry out, through love cry out; whether thou correct, through love correct; whether thou spare, through love do thou spare: let the root of love be within, of this root can nothing spring but what is good. Latin: "dilige et quod vis fac."; falsely often: "ama et fac quod vis." Translation by Professor Joseph Fletcher: Love and then what you will, do. What does love look like? It has the hands to help others. It has the feet to hasten to the poor and needy. It has eyes to see misery and want. It has the ears to hear the sighs and sorrows of men. That is what love looks like. Augustine of Hippo , as quoted in Quote, Unquote (1977) by Lloyd Cory, p. 197 Quantum in te crescit amor, tantum crescit pulchritudo; quia ipsa charitas est animae pulchritudo. Beauty grows in you to the extent that love grows, because charity itself is the soul 's beauty. Augustine of Hippo in Homilies on the First Epistle of John Ninth Homily, §9, as translated by Boniface Ramsey (2008) Augustinian Heritage Institute Variant translations: Inasmuch as love grows in you, in so much beauty grows; for love is itself the beauty of the soul. Ten Homilies on the First Epistle of John (1995), The Nicene and Post Nicene Fathers, Ninth Homily, §9, as translated by H. Browne and J. H. Meyers Since love grows within you, so beauty grows. For love is the beauty of the soul. As translated in The Little Book of Bathroom Philosophy : Daily Wisdom from the Greatest Thinkers (2004) by Gregory Bergman, p. 50. Nondum amabam, et amare amabam...quaerebam quid amarem, amans amare. I was not yet in love, yet I loved to love...I sought what I might love, in love with loving. Augustine of Hippo in Confessions (c. 397), III, 1 Sero te amavi, pulchritudo tam antiqua et tam nova, sero te amavi! et ecce intus eras et ego foris, et ibi te quaerebam. Late have I loved you, O Beauty ever ancient and ever new! Late have I loved you! And, behold, you were within me, and I out of myself, and there I searched for you. Augustine of Hippo in Confessions (c. 397), X, 27, as translated in Theology and Discovery: Essays in honor of Karl Rahner, S.J. (1980) edited by William J. Kelly Variant translations: So late I loved you, O Beauty ever ancient and ever new! So late I loved you! The Ethics of Modernism: Moral Ideas in Yeats, Eliot, Joyce, Woolf, and Beckett‎ (2007), by Lee Oser, p. 29 Too late I loved you, O Beauty ever ancient and ever new! Too late I loved you! And, behold, you were within me, and I out of myself, and there I searched for you. Introduction to a Philosophy of Religion (1970) by Alice Von Hildebrand Love all men, even your enemies; love them, not because they are your brothers, but that they may become your brothers. Thus you will ever burn with fraternal love, both for him who is already your brother and for your enemy, that he may by loving become your brother. Augustine of Hippo in On the Mystical Body of Christ, p. 436. From The Whole Christ: The Historical Development of the Doctrine of the Mystical Body in Scripture and Tradition, 1938, 1962, Fr. Emile Mersch, S. J., (1890-1940), John R. Kelly, S.J., tr., London, Dennis Dobson LTD. [1] Choose to love whomsoever thou wilt: all else will follow. Thou mayest say, "I love only God, God the Father." Wrong! If Thou lovest Him, thou dost not love Him alone; but if thou lovest the Father, thou lovest also the Son. Or thou mayest say, "I love the Father and I love the Son, but these alone; God the Father and God the Son, our Lord Jesus Christ who ascended into heaven and sitteth at the right hand of the Father, the Word by whom all things were made, the Word who was made flesh and dwelt amongst us; only these do I love." Wrong again! If thou lovest the Head, thou lovest also the members; if thou lovest not the members, neither dost thou love the Head. Augustine of Hippo in On the Mystical Body of Christ, p. 438. From The Whole Christ: The Historical Development of the Doctrine of the Mystical Body in Scripture and Tradition, 1938, 1962, Fr. Emile Mersch, S. J., (1890-1940), John R. Kelly, S.J., tr., London, Dennis Dobson LTD. [2] We cannot help loving what is beautiful. Augustine of Hippo , On Music (387–391), VI, 13 Only the beautiful is loved. Augustine of Hippo , Confessions (c. 397), IV, 13 Jim Luther Davis: Love's about sacrifice; only true measure of it... Yeah, that's love. Harsh Times (2005), written by David Ayer B[ edit ] If the learned and worldly-wise men of this age were to allow mankind to inhale the fragrance of fellowship and love, every understanding heart would apprehend the meaning of true liberty, and discover the secret of undisturbed peace and absolute composure. ~ Bahá'u'lláh Only in truth does charity shine forth, only in truth can charity be authentically lived. Truth is the light that gives meaning and value to charity. That light is both the light of reason and the light of faith, through which the intellect attains to the natural and supernatural truth of charity: it grasps its meaning as gift, acceptance, and communion. Without truth, charity degenerates into sentimentality. Love becomes an empty shell, to be filled in an arbitrary way. ~ Pope Benedict XVI Love is not greedy or self-seeking, but pure, faithful and genuinely free, open to others, respectful of their dignity, seeking their good, radiating joy and beauty. ~ Pope Benedict XVI Duty makes us do things well, but love makes us do them beautifully. ~ Phillips Brooks A life of love is one of continual growth , where the doors and windows of experience are always open to the wonder and magic that life offers. To love is to risk living fully. ~ Leo Buscaglia Just as a mother with her own life Protects her child, her only child, from harm, So within yourself let grow A boundless love for all creatures. ~ Gautama Buddha Let us, cautious in diction And mighty in contradiction , Hatred has never stopped hatred. Only love stops hate. This is the eternal law. ~ Gautama Buddha Let your love flow outward through the universe, To its height, its depth, its broad extent, A limitless love, without hatred or enmity. [...] Strive for this with a one-pointed mind; Your life will bring heaven to earth. ~ Gautama Buddha To love is to risk not being loved in return. ~ Leo Buscaglia What am I singing? Eat the music. ~ Kate Bush We used to say And so is love. ~ Kate Bush Love seeketh not itself to please, Nor for itself hath any care, But for another gives its ease, And builds a heaven in hell’s despair. ~ William Blake It is love that alone gives life, and the truest life is that which we live not in ourselves but vicariously in others, and with which we have no concern. ~ Samuel Butler To live is like to love — all reason is against it, and all healthy instinct for it. ~ Samuel Butler At the center of religion is love. I love you and I forgive you. I am like you and you are like me. I love all people. I love the world. I love creating. Everything in our life should be based on love. ~ Ray Bradbury If everything is imperfect in this imperfect world, love is most perfect in its perfect imperfection. ~ Gunar Björnstrand We can recognize the dawn and the decline of love by the uneasiness we feel when alone together. ~ Jean de La Bruyère Yes, Love indeed is light from heaven; A spark of that immortal fire With angels shared, by Allah given To lift from earth our low desire. ~ Lord Byron The falling out of lovers is the renewing of love. ~ Robert Burton Happiest is he who expects no happiness from others. Love delights and glorifies in giving, not receiving. So learn to love and give, and not to expect anything from others. Meher Baba , Meher Prabhu: Lord Meher, The Biography of the Avatar of the Age, Meher Baba (1986) by Bhau Kalchuri, 7:2457 The opposite of loneliness , it's not togetherness. It is intimacy. Richard Bach , The Bridge Across Forever: A Lovestory (1989), p. 184 If the learned and worldly-wise men of this age were to allow mankind to inhale the fragrance of fellowship and love, every understanding heart would apprehend the meaning of true liberty, and discover the secret of undisturbed peace and absolute composure. Bahá'u'lláh , Lawh-i-Maqsúd (Tablet of Maqsúd) It is not for him to pride himself who loveth his own country, but rather for him who loveth the whole world. The earth is but one country and mankind its citizens. Bahá'u'lláh , Gleanings from the Writings of Bahá'u'lláh, p. 250 Ask not of me, love, what is love? Ask what is good of God above; Ask of the great sun what is light; Ask what is darkness of the night; Ask sin of what may be forgiven; Ask what is happiness of heaven; Ask what is folly of the crowd; Ask what is fashion of the shroud; Ask what is sweetness of thy kiss; Ask of thyself what beauty is. Philip James Bailey , Festus (1813), scene A Party and Entertainment Could I love less, I should be happier now. Philip James Bailey , Festus (1813), scene Garden and Bower by the Sea I cannot love as I have loved, And yet I know not why; It is the one great woe of life To feel all feeling die. Philip James Bailey , Festus (1813), scene A Party and Entertainment Love spends his all, and still hath store. Philip James Bailey , Festus (1813), scene A Party and Entertainment The sweetest joy, the wildest woe is love. Philip James Bailey , Festus (1813), scene Alcove and Garden If you say, I love you, then you have already fallen in love with language, which is already a form of break up and infidelity. Jean Baudrillard , Cool memories‎ (1990), p. 153 Bright are the stars that shine Dark is the sky I know this love of mine Will never die One's life has value so long as one attributes value to the life of others, by means of love, friendship , indignation and compassion . Simone de Beauvoir , As quoted in Successful Aging : A Conference Report (1974) by Eric Pfeiffer, p. 142 Love — caritas — is an extraordinary force which leads people to opt for courageous and generous engagement in the field of justice and peace. It is a force that has its origin in God, Eternal Love and Absolute Truth. Each person finds his good by adherence to God's plan for him, in order to realize it fully: in this plan, he finds his truth, and through adherence to this truth he becomes free (cf. Jn 8:32). To defend the truth, to articulate it with humility and conviction, and to bear witness to it in life are therefore exacting and indispensable forms of charity. Charity, in fact, “rejoices in the truth” (1 Cor 13:6). Pope Benedict XVI , in Encyclical Letter Caritas in Veritate (29 June 2009) Only in truth does charity shine forth, only in truth can charity be authentically lived. Truth is the light that gives meaning and value to charity. That light is both the light of reason and the light of faith, through which the intellect attains to the natural and supernatural truth of charity: it grasps its meaning as gift, acceptance, and communion. Without truth, charity degenerates into sentimentality. Love becomes an empty shell, to be filled in an arbitrary way. In a culture without truth, this is the fatal risk facing love. It falls prey to contingent subjective emotions and opinions, the word “love” is abused and distorted, to the point where it comes to mean the opposite. Truth frees charity from the constraints of an emotionalism that deprives it of relational and social content, and of a fideism that deprives it of human and universal breathing-space. Pope Benedict XVI , in Encyclical Letter Caritas in Veritate (29 June 2009) Nature expresses a design of love and truth. Pope Benedict XVI , in Encyclical Letter Caritas in Veritate (29 June 2009) Authentic love is obviously something good. When we love we become most fully human. But people often consider themselves loving when actually they are possessive or manipulative. People sometimes treat others as objects to satisfy their own needs. How easy it is to be deceived by the many voices in our society that advocate a permissive approach to sexuality, without regard for modesty, self-respect or the moral values that bring quality into human relationships! This is worship of a false god; instead of bringing life, it brings death. Pope Benedict XVI , Disadvantaged Youth (18 July 2007) at World Youth Day 2008 in Australia Love has a particular trait: it has a task or purpose to fulfill - to abide. By its nature, love is enduring. The Holy Spirit offers our world love that dispels uncertainty; love that overcomes the fear of betrayal; love that carries eternity within; the true love that draws us into a unity that abides! Pope Benedict XVI , Youth Day Vigil (19 July 2007) at World Youth Day 2008 in Australia Dear young people, we have seen that it is the Holy Spirit who brings about the wonderful communion of believers in Jesus Christ. True to his nature as giver and gift alike, he is even now working through you. Let unifying love be your measure; abiding love your challenge; self-giving love your mission! Pope Benedict XVI , Youth Day Vigil (19 July 2007) at World Youth Day 2008 in Australia A new generation of Christians is being called to help build a world in which God's gift of life is welcomed, respected and cherished-not rejected, feared as a threat and destroyed. A new age in which love is not greedy or self-seeking, but pure, faithful and genuinely free, open to others, respectful of their dignity, seeking their good, radiating joy and beauty - a new age in which hope liberates us from the shallowness, apathy and self-absorption that deaden our souls and poison our relationships. Pope Benedict XVI , Closing Mass (19 July 2007) at World Youth Day 2008 in Australia Professional standards, the standards of ambition and selfishness, are always sliding downward toward expense, ostentation, and mediocrity. They tend always to narrow the ground of judgment. But amateur standards, the standards of love, are always straining upward toward the humble and the best. They enlarge the ground of judgment. The context of love is the world. Wendell Berry , What Are People For? (1990), chapter The Responsibility of the Poet I believe that the world was created and approved by love, that it subsists, coheres, and endures by love, and that, insofar as it is redeemable, it can be redeemed only by love. Wendell Berry , Another Turn of the Crank (1996), chapter Health is Membership We know enough of our own history by now to be aware that people exploit what they have merely concluded to be of value, but they defend what they love. To defend what we love we need a particularizing language, for we love what we particularly know. Wendell Berry , Life Is A Miracle : An Essay Against Modern Superstition (2000) Love: A temporary insanity curable by marriage or by the removal of the patient from the influences under which he incurred the disorder. This disease, like caries and many other ailments, is prevalent only among civilized races living under artificial conditions; barbarous nations breathing pure air and eating simple food enjoy immunity from its ravages. It is sometimes fatal, but more frequently to the physician than to the patient. Love seeketh not itself to please, Nor for itself hath any care, But for another gives its ease, And builds a heaven in hell’s despair. William Blake , The Clod and the Pebble, st. 1 in: Songs of Experience (1794) Man, you got to have love just to set it straight Take control of your mind and meditate Let your soul gravitate to the love y'all The mightiest love was granted him Love that does not expect to be loved. Jorge Luis Borges , of Baruch Spinoza in "Baruch Spinoza", as translated in Spinoza and Other Heretics: The Marrano of Reason (1989) by Yirmiyahu Yovel Being with you and not being with you is the only way I have to measure time. Jorge Luis Borges , "The Threatened", The Book of Sand [El Libro de arena] (1975) There is only one thing infamous in love, and that is a falsehood. Paul Bourget , Cosmopolis (1892), Ch. 5 "Countess Steno" There is no such thing as an age for love … because the man capable of loving — in the complex and modern sense of love as a sort of ideal exaltation — never ceases to love. Paul Bourget , The Age for Love (Whether or not the interview with Pierre Fauchery by "Jules Labarthe" in this short story represents an actual one by Bourget is not known.) Full text online I have been thinking about our conversation and about your book, and I am afraid that I expressed myself badly yesterday. When I said that one may love and be loved at any age I ought to have added that sometimes this love comes too late. It comes when one no longer has the right to prove to the loved one how much she is loved, except by love's sacrifice. Pierre Fauchery, as quoted by the character "Jules Labarthe" Paul Bourget , The Age for Love (Whether or not the interview with Pierre Fauchery by "Jules Labarthe" in this short story represents an actual one by Bourget is not known.) Full text online We have common cause against the night... Why love the woman who is your wife? Her nose breathes the air of a world that I know; therefore I love that nose. Her ears hear the music I might sing half the night through; therefore I love her ears. Her eyes delight in seasons of the land; and so I love those eyes. Her tongue knows quince, peach, chokecherry, mint and lime; I love to hear it speaking. Because her flesh knows heat, cold, affliction, I know fire, snow, and pain... We love what we know, we love what we are. Common cause, common cause, common cause of mouth, eye, ear, tongue, hand, nose, flesh, heart, and soul. Ray Bradbury , Something Wicked This Way Comes (1962), p. 145 At the center of religion is love. I love you and I forgive you. I am like you and you are like me. I love all people. I love the world. I love creating. Everything in our life should be based on love. Ray Bradbury , as quoted in "Sci-fi legend "Ray Bradbury on God, 'monsters and angels'" by John Blake, CNN : Living (2 August 2010) , p. 1 In that film Love Story, there’s a line, “Love means never having to say you’re sorry.” That’s the dumbest thing I ever heard. Love means saying you’re sorry every day for some little thing or other. I love hiccups and I love sneezes and I love blinks and I love belches and I love gluttons. I love hair. I love bears. For me, the round. For me, the world. Giannina Braschi in "Empire of Dreams" (1988) War is like love, it always finds a way. Bertolt Brecht , Mother Courage and Her Children (1939), The Chaplain, in Scene 6, p. 76 Duty makes us do things well, but love makes us do them beautifully. Phillips Brooks , as quoted in Primary Education (1916) by Elizabeth Peabody, p. 190 There is musick, even in the beauty and the silent note which Cupid strikes, far sweeter than the sound of an instrument. Sir Thomas Browne , Religio Medici (1642), Part II, Section IX If thou must love me, let it be for nought Except for love's sake only. Do not say "I love her for her smile — her look — her way Of speaking gently, — for a trick of thought That falls in well with mine, and certes brought A sense of pleasant ease on such a day" — For these things in themselves, Beloved, may Be changed, or change for thee, — and love, so wrought, May be unwrought so. Neither love me for Thine own dear pity's wiping my cheeks dry, — A creature might forget to weep, who fbore Thy comfort long, and lose thy love thereby! But love me for love's sake, that evermore Thou may'st love on, through love's eternity. How do I love thee? Let me count the ways. I love thee to the depth and breadth and height My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight For the ends of Being and ideal Grace. I love thee to the level of everyday's Most quiet need, by sun and candlelight. I love thee freely, as men strive for Right; I love thee purely, as they turn from Praise. I love thee with the passion put to use In my old griefs, and with my childhood's faith. I love thee with a love I seemed to lose With my lost saints,—I love thee with the breath, Smiles, tears, of all my life! —and, if God choose, I shall but love thee better after death. Elizabeth Barrett Browning , Sonnets from the Portuguese, No. XLIII Whoever lives true life, will love true love. Elizabeth Barrett Browning , Aurora Leigh (1856), Book I, line 1,096 I would not be a rose upon the wall A queen might stop at, near the palace-door, To say to a courtier, "Pluck that rose for me, It's prettier than the rest." O Romney Leigh! I'd rather far be trodden by his foot, Than lie in a great queen's bosom. Elizabeth Barrett Browning , Aurora Leigh (1856), Book IV But I love you, sir: And when a woman says she loves a man, The man must hear her, though he love her not. Elizabeth Barrett Browning , Aurora Leigh (1856), Book IX The game of love is whatever you make it to be. Michelle Branch , "The Game of Love" (September 2002), by Santana, Shaman For life, with all it yields of joy and woe, And hope and fear (believe the aged friend), Is just our chance o' the prize of learning love,— How love might be, hath been indeed, and is. Robert Browning , A Death in the Desert (1864) Le temps, qui fortifie les amitiés, affaiblit l'amour. Time, which strengthens friendship, weakens love. Jean de La Bruyère , Du Coeur, ["Of the Heart" also translated as "Of the Affections"], Aphorism 4 L'amour qui naît subitement est le plus long à guérir. Sudden love takes the longest time to be cured. Jean de La Bruyère , Du Coeur, ["Of the Heart" also translated as "Of the Affections"], Aphorism 13 Le commencement et le déclin de l'amour se font sentir par l'embarras où l'on est de se trouver seuls. We can recognize the dawn and the decline of love by the uneasiness we feel when alone together. Jean de La Bruyère , Du Coeur, ["Of the Heart" also translated as "Of the Affections"], Aphorism 33 L'on veut faire tout le bonheur, ou si cela ne se peut ainsi, tout le malheur de ce qu'on aime. One seeks to make the loved one entirely happy, or, if that cannot be, entirely wretched. Jean de La Bruyère , Du Coeur, ["Of the Heart" also translated as "Of the Affections"], Aphorism 39 Regretter ce que l'on aime est un bien, en comparaison de vivre avec ce que l'on hait. Grief at the absence of a loved one is happiness compared to life with a person one hates. Jean de La Bruyère , Du Coeur, ["Of the Heart" also translated as "Of the Affections"], Aphorism 40 Loveliest of lovely things are they, On earth, that soonest pass away. The rose that lives its little hour Is prized beyond the sculptured flower. I shall concern myself anew about the boundary Between the love- deed -Yes and the power -deed-No And pressing forward honor reality . We cannot avoid Martin Buber , in "Power and Love" (1926) Hatred has never stopped hatred. Only love stops hate. This is the eternal law. Just as a mother with her own life Protects her child, her only child, from harm, So within yourself let grow A boundless love for all creatures. Let your love flow outward through the universe, To its height, its depth, its broad extent, A limitless love, without hatred or enmity. Then as you stand or walk, Sit or lie down, As long as you are awake, Strive for this with a one-pointed mind; Your life will bring heaven to earth. Buddha Discourse on Goodwill, From the Metta Sutta , part of the Sutta Nipata, a collection of dialogues with the Buddha said to be among the oldest parts of the Pali Buddhist canon Some prices are just too high, no matter how much you may want the prize. The one thing you can't trade for your heart's desire is your heart. Lois McMaster Bujold , Memory (1996) Love is the greatest advantage a parent can give. Love. What is it? Most natural painkiller what there is. LOVE. William S. Burroughs , Last Words: The Final Journals of William S. Burroughs (2000) And this is that Homer's golden chain, which reacheth down from heaven to earth, by which every creature is annexed, and depends on his Creator. Robert Burton , The Anatomy of Melancholy (1621), Part III, Section 1. Memb. 1. Subsec. 7 No cord nor cable can so forcibly draw, or hold so fast, as love can do with a twined thread. Robert Burton , The Anatomy of Melancholy (1621), Part III, Section 2. Memb. 1. Subsec. 2 The falling out of lovers is the renewing of love. Robert Burton , The Anatomy of Melancholy (1621), Part III, Section 2. Terence—Andria, III. 23 To love is to risk not being loved in return. To hope is to risk pain . To try is to risk failure , but risks must be taken, because the greatest hazard in life is to risk nothing . Leo Buscaglia , Living, Loving, and Learning (1985) A life of love is one of continual growth , where the doors and windows of experience are always open to the wonder and magic that life offers. To love is to risk living fully. Kate Bush , The Dreaming (1982), All The Love Only tragedy allows the release Of love and grief never normally seen. I didn't want to let them see me weep, I didn't want to let them see me weak, But I know I have shown That I stand at the gates alone. Kate Bush , The Dreaming (1982), All The Love I needed you Kate Bush , The Dreaming (1982), All The Love All the love, all the love, All the love we should have given. All the love, all the love, All the love you could have given. All the love... Kate Bush , The Dreaming (1982), All The Love Do you know what I really need? I need love love love love love, yeah! Kate Bush , Hounds of Love (1985), Hounds of Love The light D'you know what? I love you better now. Kate Bush , Hounds of Love (1985), side two of the album called The Ninth Wave, song The Morning Fog We let it in But now we see that life is sad And so is love. Excuse me I'm sorry to bother you, But don't I know you? There's just something about you. Haven't we met before? Kate Bush , 50 Words for Snow (2011), Snowed In at Wheeler Street There's someone who's loved you forever but you don't know it. You might feel it and just not show it. Only the fools blew it. You and me Kate Bush , Never for Ever (1980), Breathing It is love that alone gives life, and the truest life is that which we live not in ourselves but vicariously in others, and with which we have no concern. Our concern is so to order ourselves that we may be of the number of them that enter into life — although we know it not. Samuel Butler , Ramblings In Cheapside (1890), First published in Universal Review (December 1890) To live is like to love — all reason is against it, and all healthy instinct for it. Samuel Butler , The Note-Books of Samuel Butler (1912), Part XIV - Higgledy-Piggledy, Life and Love A pair of lovers are like sunset and sunrise: there are such things every day but we very seldom see them., Chapter 11. Love in your hearts as idly burns As fire in antique Roman urns. Samuel Butler , Hudibras, Part II (1664), Canto I Love is a boy by poets styl'd: Then spare the rod and spoil the child. Samuel Butler , Hudibras, Part II (1664), Canto I, line 843 What mad lover ever dy'd, To gain a soft and gentle bride? Or for a lady tender-hearted, In purling streams or hemp departed? Samuel Butler , Hudibras, Part III (1678), Canto I Oh Love! young Love! bound in thy rosy band, Let sage or cynic prattle as he will, These hours, and only these, redeem Life's years of ill. Lord Byron , Childe Harold's Pilgrimage , Canto II (1812), Stanza 81 The cold in clime are cold in blood, Their love can scarce deserve the name. Lord Byron , The Giaour (1813), line 1,099 Yes, Love indeed is light from heaven; A spark of that immortal fire With angels shared, by Allah given To lift from earth our low desire. Lord Byron , The Giaour (1813), line 1,131 Why did she love him? Curious fool!—be still— Is human love the growth of human will? Lord Byron , Lara, A Tale (1814), Canto II, Stanza 22 And to his eye There was but one beloved face on earth, And that was shining on him. Lord Byron , The Dream (1816), Stanza 2 She knew she was by him beloved,—she knew For quickly comes such knowledge, that his heart Was darken'd with her shadow. Lord Byron , The Dream (1816), Stanza 3 Who loves, raves—'tis youth's frenzy—but the cure Is bitterer still. Lord Byron , Childe Harold's Pilgrimage , Canto IV (1818), Stanza 123 O! that the Desert were my dwelling place, With one fair Spirit for my minister, That I might all forget the human race, And, hating no one, love but only her! Lord Byron , Childe Harold's Pilgrimage , Canto IV (1818), Stanza 177 Man's love is of man's life a thing apart, 'Tis woman's whole existence: man may range The court, camp, church, the vessel, and the mart, Sword, gown, gain, glory, offer in exchange Pride, fame, ambition, to fill up his heart, And few there are whom these cannot estrange; Men have all these resources, we but one, To love again, and be again undone. Lord Byron , Don Juan (1818-24), Canto I, Stanza 194 Alas! the love of women! it is known To be a lovely and a fearful thing. Lord Byron , Don Juan (1818-24), Canto II, Stanza 199 In her first passion woman loves her lover; In all the others, all she loves is love. Lord Byron , Don Juan (1818-24), Canto III, Stanza 3. La Rochefoucauld. Maxims. No. 497 All I have is my love of love and love is not loving. C[ edit ] For want of time and thought, people have to love one another without knowing it. ~ Albert Camus Isn't everything we do in life a way to be loved a little more? ~ "Celine" (played by Julie Delpy ) in Before Sunrise (1995) Driven by the forces of love, the fragments of the world seek each other so that the world may come into being. ~ Pierre Teilhard de Chardin If love means to possess someone or something, then that is not real love, not pure love. If loves means to give oneself, to become one with everything and everyone, then that is real love. Real love is total oneness with the object loved and with the Possessor of love. ~ Sri Chinmoy Do not judge but love and be loved, if you want to be really happy. ~ Sri Chinmoy Life is nothing but the expansion of love. ~ Sri Chinmoy There's just this human heart . That's built with this human fault. What was your question? Love is the answer. ~ Annie Clark (St. Vincent) The light came through the window, Straight from the sun above, And so inside my little room There plunged the rays of Love. ~ Leonard Cohen I am not the one who loves — It's love that chooses me. ~ Leonard Cohen Be loving, and you will never want for love; be humble, and you will never want for guiding. - Dinah Craik When faith and hope fail , as they do sometimes, we must try charity , which is love in action . - Dinah Craik Where there is the greatest love, there are always miracles. - Willa Cather Love is the force that transforms and improves the Soul of the World.… It is we who nourish the Soul of the World, and the world we live in will be either better or worse, depending on whether we become better or worse. ~ Paulo Coelho We must never forget that spiritual experience is above all a practical experience of love. And with love, there are no rules. ~ Paulo Coelho The moment we begin to seek love, love begins to seek us. And to save us. ~ Paulo Coelho Love is the only thing that will save us, independent of any mistakes we may make. Love is always stronger. ~ Paulo Coelho Love simply is. … Love and don't ask too many questions. Just love. ~ Paulo Coelho In love, no one can harm anyone else; we are each of us responsible for our own feelings and cannot blame someone else for what we feel. [...] That is the true experience of freedom: having the most important thing in the world without owning it. ~ Paulo Coelho Love ain't no walk in the park All you can do is make the best of it now [...] Just know that you're not in this thing alone There's always a place in me that you can call home. ~ Cheryl Cole All thoughts, all passions, all delights, Whatever stirs this mortal frame, All are but ministers of Love, And feed his sacred flame. ~ Samuel Taylor Coleridge In many ways doth the full heart reveal The presence of the love it would conceal. ~ Samuel Taylor Coleridge Love's for a lifetime not for a moment. - The Corrs Please believe me when I say This time I won't run away I swear by all the heaven's stars above Now that I've found you I'm looking in the eyes of love. Love is the every only god. ~ E. E. Cummings the axis of the universe Sad hours and glad hours, and all hours, pass over; One thing unshaken stays: Life , that hath Death for spouse, hath Chance for lover; Whereby decays Each thing save one thing: — mid this strife diurnal Of hourly change begot, Love that is God -born, bides as God eternal , And changes not; — Nor means a tinseled dream pursuing lovers Find altered by-and-bye, When, with possession, time anon discovers Trapped dreams must die, — For he that visions God, of mankind gathers One manlike trait alone, And reverently imputes to Him a father's Love for his son. James Branch Cabell , The Certain Hour (1916), "To Robert Gamble Cabell II: In Dedication of The Certain Hour" What really matters is that there is so much faith and love and kindliness which we can share with and provoke in others, and that by cleanly, simple, generous living we approach perfection in the highest and most lovely of all arts. . . . But you, I think, have always comprehended this. James Branch Cabell , The Certain Hour (1916), "Auctorial Induction" Love, I take it, must look toward something not quite accessible, something not quite understood. James Branch Cabell , The Cream of the Jest (1917), Horvendile, in Ch. 2 : Introduces the Ageless Woman There is no gift more great than love. James Branch Cabell , The Silver Stallion (1926), Morvyth, in Book Two : The Mathematics of Gonfal, Ch. X : Relative to Gonfal's Head One can give without loving, but one cannot love without giving Amy Carmichael A Chance to Die.The life and Legacy of Amy Carmichael, Elisabeth Elliot, Revell, 1987 Love is the substance of all life. Everything is connected in love, absolutely everything. Julia Cameron , Blessings : Prayers and Declarations for a Heartful Life (1998) When I listen to love, I am listening to my true nature. When I express love, I am expressing my true nature. All of us love. All of us do it more and more perfectly. The past has brought us both ashes and diamonds. In the present we find the flowers of what we've planted and the seeds of what we are becoming. I plant the seeds of love in my heart. I plant the seeds of love in the hearts of others. Julia Cameron , Blessings : Prayers and Declarations for a Heartful Life (1998) The growth of one blesses all. I am commited to grow in love. All that I touch, I leave in love. I move through this world consciously and creatively. Julia Cameron , Blessings : Prayers and Declarations for a Heartful Life (1998) Love is not love if it compelled by reason and driven by logic — love exists in spite of those things, not because of them. It is a emotion which needs no fuel to fire it or oxygen to feed it; if you have to look for the why, then stop looking; it was never there at all. Julia Cameron , Blessings : Prayers and Declarations for a Heartful Life (1998) Amor é um fogo que arde sem se ver, É ferida que dói, e não se sente; É um contentamento descontente, É dor que desatina sem doer. É um não querer mais que bem querer; É um andar solitário entre a gente; É nunca contentar-se de contente; É um cuidar que ganha em se perder. É querer estar preso por vontade; É servir a quem vence, o vencedor; É ter com quem nos mata, lealdade. Mas como causar pode seu favor Nos corações humanos amizade, Se tão contrário a si é o mesmo Amor? Love is a ﬁre that burns, but is never seen; a wound that hurts, but is never perceived; a pleasure that starts a pain that’s unrelieved; a pain that maddens without any pain; a serene desire for nothing, but wishing her only the best; a lonely passage through the crowd; the resentment of never being content with one’s contentment; a caring that gains only when losing; an obsessed desire to be bound, for love, in jail; a capitulation to the one you’ve conquered yourself; a devotion to your own assassin every single day. So how can Love conform, without fail, every captive human heart, if Love itself is so contradictory in every possible way? Luís de Camões , Amor é fogo que arde sem se ver , translated by William Baer Nous nous trompons toujours deux fois sur ceux que nous aimons: d`abord à leur avantage, puis à leur désavantage. We always deceive ourselves twice about the people we love — first to their advantage, then to their disadvantage. Albert Camus , quoted in Robertson, Connie (1998). ""Camus, Albert 1913–1960" . The Wordsworth Dictionary of Quotations. Wordsworth Editions. pp. page 73. ISBN 185326489X . There is not love of life without despair about life. Albert Camus , Preface, Lyrical and Critical Essays (1970) There can be no true goodness, nor true love, without the utmost clear-sightedness. Orson Scott Card in Homebody (1998) For love is ever the beginning of Knowledge , as fire is of light. Thomas Carlyle , Essays, Death of Goethe. Quote reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 419-23 True love is not the helpless desire to possess the cherished object of one's fervent affection; true love is the disciplined generosity we require of ourselves for the sake of another when we would rather be selfish; that, at least, is how I have taught myself to love my wife. Stephen L. Carter , The Emperor of Ocean Park Ch. 17, The Brass Ring, IV (2002) Where there is the greatest love, there are always miracles. I have often had occasion to observe, that a warm blundering man does more for the world than a frigid wise man. Richard Cecil , reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 394 Isn't everything we do in life a way to be loved a little more? "Celine" (played by Julie Delpy ), in Before Sunrise (1995) “Love the others and you will be loved!” is a saying that might sound as a terrible and unjust accusation against all the innocents that have been hated and perhaps even tortured and killed . Fausto Cercignani in: Brian Morris, Simply Transcribed. Quotations from Writings by Fausto Cercignani, 2014, quote 58 There's no love lost between us. Miguel de Cervantes , Don Quixote (1605-15), Book IV, Chapter 13. Also used by Henry Fielding , Grub Street, Act I, scene 4; David Garrick , Correspondence (1759); Oliver Goldsmith , She Stoops to Conquer (1771), Act IV. Ben Jonson , Every Man Out of His Humour, Act II, scene 1. Alain-René Lesage , Gil Blas (1715-1735), Book IX, Chapter VII, as translated by Tobias Smollett Driven by the forces of love, the fragments of the world seek each other so that the world may come into being. Pierre Teilhard de Chardin , The Phenomenon of Man 1955, p. 264 Each one gave the other the only assistance one man can expect from another: that his friend support him and ask only that he remain himself. It is no great accomplishment to take people as they are, and we must always do so eventually, but to wish them to be as they are, that is a genuine love. Émile Chartier , Alain On Happiness (1973), Poets The Bible tells us to love our neighbors, and also to love our enemies; probably because they are generally the same people. G. K. Chesterton , Illustrated London News (16 July 1910) Try not to change the world. You will fail. Try to love the world. Lo, the world is changed. Changed forever. Sri Chinmoy , Meditations: Food For The Soul (1970), August 31 What is love? From the spiritual and inner point of view, love is self-expansion. Human love binds and is bound. Divine Love expands, enlarges itself. Sri Chinmoy , My Rose Petals (1971) First of all, let us try to know what love is. If love means to possess someone or something, then that is not real love, not pure love. If loves means to give oneself, to become one with everything and everyone, then that is real love. Real love is total oneness with the object loved and with the Possessor of love. Sri Chinmoy , Rainbow-Flowers (1973) Where love is thick, faults are thin. If you really love someone, then it is difficult to find fault with him. His faults seem negligible, for love means oneness. Sri Chinmoy , Fifty Freedom-Boats To One Golden Shore (1974), Citation- ffb-132, Part 4 Love the world. Otherwise, you will be forced to carry the heaviest load: your own bitter self. Sri Chinmoy , Ten Thousand Flower Flames Part 1-100 (1979), #1908, Part 20 Hatred is a disguised form of love. You can only hate someone whom you really wish to love, because if you were totally indifferent to that person, you could not even get up enough energy to hate him. Sri Chinmoy , The Wings of Joy (1997) If you really want to love humanity, then you have to love humanity as it is now. Sri Chinmoy , The Wings of Joy (1997) Life is nothing but the expansion of love. We can cultivate divine love by entering into the Source. The Source is God, who is all Love. Sri Chinmoy , The Wings of Joy (1997) Man is by nature a lover. Only he has yet to discover the real thing to love. This quest awakens him to the fulfillment of his real Self. Sri Chinmoy , The Wings of Joy (1997) Is the world so unbearable? No! What we need is only a little more love for the world. Sri Chinmoy , Seventy Seven Thousand Service-Trees series 1-50 (1998), #4386, Part 5 Love is something that never cared to learn how to judge anybody. Sri Chinmoy , Seventy Seven Thousand Service-Trees series 1-50 (1998),#7310, Part 8 Instead of creating a reason why you cannot love the world, try to create a reason why you should and must love the world. Sri Chinmoy , Seventy Seven Thousand Service-Trees series 1-50 (1998), #14550, Part 15 World-peace can be achieved when the power of love replaces the love of power. Sri Chinmoy , Words of Wisdom (2010) Do not judge but love and be loved, if you want to be really happy. Sri Chinmoy , Words of Wisdom (2010) Love is a special word, and I use it only when I mean it. You say the word too much and it becomes cheap. Ray Charles , Brother Ray : Ray Charles' Own Story (1978) by Ray Charles and David Ritz, (2003 edition), For the Love of Women, p. 239 "There have been women I have loved … A lot, as discreetly as possible." Jacques Chirac , undated, quoted in "'Affair' story will continue to rumble" Christian Fraser, BBC News, 14 January 2014 So mourn'd the dame of Ephesus her love. Colley Cibber , Richard III (1700), Act II; altered from Shakespeare What have I done? What horrid crime committed? To me the worst of crimes—outliv'd my liking. Colley Cibber , Richard III (1700), Act III, scene 2; altered from Shakespeare There are no signs , There are no stars aligned, No amulets no charms, There's just this human heart . That's built with this human fault. What was your question? Annie Clark (St. Vincent) , in "All My Stars Aligned" on Marry Me (2007) Years! Years, ye shall mix with me! Ye shall grow a part Of the laughing Sea ; Fair, cold, and faithless wert thou, my own! For that I love There is naught can show A life so trustless! Proud be thy crown! Ruthless, like none, save the Sea, alone! Voltairine de Cleyre , "The Dirge of the Sea" (April 1891) And sometimes when I am weary, When the path is thorny and Wild, I'll look back to the Eyes in the twilight, Back to the eyes that smiled. And pray that a wreath like a rainbow May slip from the beautiful past, And Crown me again with the sweet, strong love And keep me, and hold me fast. Voltairine de Cleyre , And Thou Too (1888) The wise are wise only because they love. Paulo Coelho , As quoted in Elders on Love: Dialogues on the Consciousness, Cultivation, and Expression of Love (1999) by Kenneth R. Lakritz and Thomas M. Knoblauch Unsourced variant: The wise are wise only because they love. The fools are fools only because they think they can understand love. One is loved because one is loved. No reason is needed for loving. Paulo Coelho , The Alchemist , p. 128 Love is the force that transforms and improves the Soul of the World. … It is we who nourish the Soul of the World, and the world we live in will be either better or worse, depending on whether we become better or worse. And that's where the power of love comes in. Because when we love, we always strive to become better than we are. Paulo Coelho , By The River Piedra I Sat Down and Wept (1994) As translated by Alan R. Clarke (1996) The gods throw the dice, and they don't ask whether we want to be in the game or not. They don't care if when you go, you leave behind a lover, a home, a career, or a dream. The gods don't care whether you have it all, whether it seems that your every desire can be met through hard work and persistence. The gods don't want to know about your plans and your hopes. Somewhere they're throwing the dice — and you are chosen. From then on, winning or losing is only a question of luck. The gods throw the dice, freeing love from its cage. And love can create or destroy — depending on the direction of the wind when it is set free. Paulo Coelho , By The River Piedra I Sat Down and Wept (1994) Love is always new. Regardless of whether we love once, twice, or a dozen times in our life, we always face a brand-new situation. Love can consign us to hell or to paradise, but it always takes us somewhere. We simply have to accept it, because it is what nourishes our existence. If we reject it, we die of hunger, because we lack the courage to reach out a hand and pluck the fruit from the branches of the tree of life. We have to take love where we find it, even if it means hours, days, weeks of disappointment and sadness. The moment we begin to seek love, love begins to seek us. And to save us. Paulo Coelho , By The River Piedra I Sat Down and Wept (1994) I am going to sit here with you by the river. If you go home to sleep, I will sleep in front of your house. And if you go away, I will follow you — until you tell me to go away. Then I'll leave. But I have to love you for the rest of my life. Paulo Coelho , By The River Piedra I Sat Down and Wept (1994) Love is much like a dam: if you allow a tiny crack to form through which only a trickle of water can pass, that trickle will quickly bring down the whole structure, and soon no one will be able to control the force of the current. For when those walls come down, then love takes over, and it no longer matters what is possible or impossible; it doesn't even matter whether we can keep the loved one at our side. To love is to lose control. Paulo Coelho , By The River Piedra I Sat Down and Wept (1994) When we meet someone and fall in love, we have a sense that the whole universe is on our side. And yet if something goes wrong, there is nothing left! How is it possible for the beauty that was there only minutes before to vanish so quickly? Life moves very fast. It rushes from heaven to hell in a matter of seconds. Paulo Coelho , Eleven Minutes (2003), page 9 My aim is to understand love. I know how alive I felt when I was in love, and I know that everything I have now, however interesting it might seem, doesn't really excited me. But love is a terrible thing: I've seen my girlfriends suffer and I don't want the same thing to happen to me. … Although my aim is to understand love, and although I suffer to think of people to whom I gave my heart, I see that those who touched my heart failed to arouse my body, and that those who aroused my body failed to touch my heart. Paulo Coelho , Eleven Minutes (2003), Maria's diary entry at the age of 17, p. 16 In love, no one can harm anyone else; we are each of us responsible for our own feelings and cannot blame someone else for what we feel. It hurt when I lost each of the various men I fell in love with. Now, though, I am convinced that no one loses anyone, because no one owns anyone. That is the true experience of freedom: having the most important thing in the world without owning it. Paulo Coelho , Eleven Minutes (2003), p. 90 Anyone who is in love is making love the whole time, even when they're not. When two bodies meet, it is just the cup overflowing. They can stay together for hours, even days. They begin the dance one day and finish it the next, or — such is the pleasure they experience — they may never finish it. No eleven minutes for them. Paulo Coelho , Aleph (2011) No one can learn to love by following a manual, and no one can learn to write by following a course. I’m not telling you to seek out other writers but to find people with different skills from yourself, because writing is no different from any other activity done with joy and enthusiasm. Paulo Coelho , Aleph (2011) I love you like a river that creates the right conditions for trees and bushes and flowers to flourish along its banks. I love you like a river that gives water to the thirsty and takes people where they want to go. Paulo Coelho , Aleph (2011) I love you like a river that understands that it must learn to flow differently over waterfalls and to rest in the shallows. I love you because we are all born in the same place, at the same source, which keeps us provided with a constant supply of water. And so, when we feel weak, all we have to do is wait a little. The spring returns, and the winter snows melt and fill us with new energy. Paulo Coelho , Aleph (2011) I receive your love, and I give you mine. Not the love of a man for a woman, not the love of a father for a child, not the love of God for his creatures, but a love with no name and no explanation, like a river that cannot explain why it follows a particular course but simply flows onward. A love that asks for nothing and gives nothing in return; it is simply there. I will never be yours, and you will never be mine; nevertheless, I can honestly say: I love you, I love you, I love you. Paulo Coelho , Aleph (2011) What is a saint? A saint is someone who has achieved a remote human possibility. It is impossible to say what that possibility is. I think it has something to do with the energy of love. Contact with this energy results in the exercise of a kind of balance in the chaos of existence. A saint does not dissolve the chaos; if he did the world would have changed long ago. I do not think that a saint dissolves the chaos even for himself, for there is something arrogant and warlike in the notion of a man setting the universe in order. It is a kind of balance that is his glory. He rides the drifts like an escaped ski. His course is the caress of the hill. His track is a drawing of the snow in a moment of its particular arrangement with wind and rock. Something in him so loves the world that he gives himself to the laws of gravity and chance. Far from flying with the angels, he traces with the fidelity of a seismograph needle the state of the solid bloody landscape. His house is dangerous and finite, but he is at home in the world. He can love the shape of human beings, the fine and twisted shapes of the heart. It is good to have among us such men, such balancing monsters of love. Leonard Cohen , Beautiful Losers (1966) "You have loved enough, now let me be the lover." You could say that God is speaking to you or the cosmos, or your lover. It just means, like, Forget it. Lean back and be loved by all that is already loving you. It is your effort at love that is preventing you from experiencing it. It is like if you ever taught kids how to swim. The most difficult thing is Goddam to understand that they will float, if they relax, if they hold their breath and relax, they will actually float. For most kids it is difficult to swim. They feel they are going to sink like a stone to the bottom of the lake. Leonard Cohen , On the lyrics to "You Have Loved Enough" in an interview released at the Ten New Songs site (2001) When they lay down beside me I made my confession to them. They touched both my eyes and I touched the dew on their hem. If your life is a leaf that the seasons tear off and condemn, They will bind you with love that is graceful and green as a stem. I swept the marble chambers, But you sent me down below. You kept me from believing Until you let me know: That 'I am not the one who loves — It's love that chooses me. When hatred with his package comes, You forbid delivery. Leonard Cohen , Ten New Songs (2001), You Have Loved Enough The light came through the window, Straight from the sun above, And so inside my little room There plunged the rays of Love. In streams of light I clearly saw The dust you seldom see, Out of which the Nameless makes A Name for one like me. Woe to the man whose heart has not learned while young to hope, to love — and to put its trust in life!! Joseph Conrad , Victory: An Island Tale, part IV, chap. 14 Anything that's worth havin' Sure enough worth fighting for Quittin's out of the question When it gets tough, gotta fight some more [...] We gotta fight, fight, fight, fight, fight for this love If its woth having, it's worth fightin for Now everyday ain't gonna be no picnic Love ain't no walk in the park All you can do is make the best of it now Can't be afraid of the dark Just know that you're not in this thing alone There's always a place in me that you can call home. All thoughts, all passions, all delights, Whatever stirs this mortal frame, All are but ministers of Love, And feed his sacred flame. And in Life's noisiest hour, There whispers still the ceaseless Love of Thee, The heart's Self-solace and soliloquy. You mould my Hopes, you fashion me within. And looking to the Heaven, that bends above you, How oft! I bless the Lot, that made me love you. Samuel Taylor Coleridge , The Presence of Love (1807), lines 10-11 Flowers are lovely; love is flower-like; Friendship is a sheltering tree; Oh the joys that came down shower-like, Of friendship, love, and liberty, Ere I was old! In many ways doth the full heart reveal The presence of the love it would conceal. Samuel Taylor Coleridge , Poems Written in Later Life, motto (1826) * I am dying, but without expectation of a speedy release. Is it not strange that very recently by-gone images, and scenes of early life, have stolen into my mind, like breezes blown from the spice-islands of Youth and Hope — those twin realities of this phantom world! I do not add Love, — for what is Love but Youth and Hope embracing, and so seen as one? I say realities; for reality is a thing of degrees, from the Iliad to a dream. To know, to esteem, to love, and then to part, Makes up life's tale to many a feeling heart! Samuel Taylor Coleridge ,'Bartlett's Familiar Quotations, 10th ed. (1919), On taking Leave of ———— (1817) I have heard of reasons manifold Why Love must needs be blind, But this the best of all I hold,— His eyes are in his mind. Samuel Taylor Coleridge , Bartlett's Familiar Quotations, 10th ed. (1919), To a Lady, Offended by a Sportive Observation Farewell, farewell! but this I tell To thee, thou Wedding-Guest! He prayeth well, who loveth well Both man and bird and beast. He prayeth best, who loveth best All things both great and small; For the dear God who loveth us, He made and loveth all. Our love is principle, and has its root In reason, is judicious, manly, free. William Cowper , The Task (1785), Book V, line 353 Be loving, and you will never want for love; be humble, and you will never want for guiding. Dinah Craik , reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 394 When faith and hope fail , as they do sometimes, we must try charity , which is love in action . We must speculate no more on our duty , but simply do it. When we have done it, however blindly, perhaps Heaven will show us why. Dinah Craik , Christian's Mistake (1865). p. 64 Mine to the core of the heart, my beauty! Mine, all mine, and for love, not duty: Love given willingly, full and free, Love for love's sake — as mine to thee. Duty's a slave that keeps the keys, But Love, the master, goes in and out Of his goodly chambers with song and shout, Just as he please — just as he please. Dinah Craik , Poems (1866), "Plighted" You have to walk carefully in the beginning of love; the running across fields into your lover's arms can only come later when you're sure they won't laugh if you trip. Jonathan Samuel Carroll , Outside the Dog Museum (1991) Love's for a lifetime not for a moment. I was searching for an answer In a world so full of strangers But what I found was never really enough Now that I've found you I'm looking in the eyes of love (In the eyes of love) Baby you've been good to me Oh, so much more that you could know, yeah, yeah I never thought that I would find Someone who's so sweet and kind Like you... Please believe me when I say This time I won't run away I swear by all the heaven's stars above Now that I've found you I'm looking in the eyes of love Looking in the eyes of love... I can see forever, yeah... I can see you and me Walking in this world together Oh, my heart's found a hope... I've been dreaming of... Now that I've found you I'm looking in the eyes of love The Corrs , Looking in the Eyes of Love from the In Blue (2004) Love is the voice under all silences, the hope which has no opposite in fear; the strength so strong mere force is feebleness: the truth more first than sun, more last than star... E. E. Cummings , "being to timelessness as it's to time" (1958) and nothing quite so least as truth —i say though hate were why men breathe— because my father lived his soul love is the whole and more than all E. E. Cummings , 50 Poems (1940), Poem #34 love is the every only god E. E. Cummings , 50 Poems (1940), Poem #38 love is more thicker than forget …it is more sane and sunly and more it cannot die than all the sky which only is higher than the sky E. E. Cummings , 50 Poems (1940), Poem #42 measureless our pure living complete love whose doom is beauty and its fate to grow E. E. Cummings , 50 Poems (1940), Poem #50 'and liars kill their kind but' her,my 'love creates love only' our E. E. Cummings , 1 x 1 (1944), XXXII nothing false and possible is love (who's imagined, therefore limitless) E. E. Cummings , 1 x 1 (1944), XXXIV true lovers in each happening of their hearts live longer than all which and every who; E. E. Cummings , 1 x 1 (1944), XXXVI yes is a pleasant country… love is a deeper season than reason E. E. Cummings , 1 x 1 (1944), XXXVIII i feel that(false and true are merely to know) Love only has ever been,is,and will ever be,So E. E. Cummings , XAIPE (1950), 33 no evil is so worse than worst you fall in hate with love —human one mortally immortal i can turn immense all time's because to why E. E. Cummings , 95 poems (1958), poem #7 lovers alone wear sunlight E. E. Cummings , 95 poems (1958), poem #91 The whole truth… E. E. Cummings , 95 poems (1958), poem #91 it's love by whom (my beautiful friend) the gift to live is without until: …love was and shall be this only truth (a dream of a deed, born not to die) E. E. Cummings , 73 poems (1963), poem#4 the axis of the universe —love E. E. Cummings , 73 poems (1963), poem#73 Forget the haters 'cause somebody loves ya. Miley Cyrus , performed in the song W:We Can't Stop (2013) which is written by various songwriters D[ edit ] Love shows itself more in adversity than in prosperity ; as light does, which shines most where the place is darkest . ~ Leonardo da Vinci The mystery of poverty is that by sharing in it, making ourselves poor in giving to others, we increase our knowledge of and belief in love. ~ Dorothy Day Love alone is capable of uniting living beings in such a way as to complete and fulfill them, for it alone takes them and joins them by what is deepest in themselves. All we need is to imagine our ability to love developing until it embraces the totality of men and the earth. ~ Pierre Teilhard de Chardin A universal love is not only psychologically possible; it is the only complete and final way in which we are able to love. ~ Pierre Teilhard de Chardin At any rate, I can think of no value that I would place higher. I would not want to live in a world without love. Would a world with peace, but without love, be a better world? Not if the peace was achieved by drugging the love (and hate) out of us, or by suppression. ~ Daniel Dennett Love is the emblem of eternity; it confounds all notion of time ; effaces all memory of a beginning , all fear of an end : we fancy that we have always possessed what we love, so difficult is it to imagine how we could have lived without it. ~ Anne Louise Germaine de Staël Love is just a piece of time in the world And I couldn't help but fall in love again ~ Zooey Deschanel Pains of love be sweeter far Than all other pleasures are. ~ John Dryden Pity melts the mind to love. ~ John Dryden A song fluttered down in the form of a dove, And it bore me a message, the one word—Love! The Dove by Paul Laurence Dunbar We are all born for love. It is the principle of existence and its only end. ~ Benjamin Disraeli What is sacred? Of what is spirit made? What is worth living for? What is worth dying for? The answer to each is only love. ~ Don Juan On our earth we can only love with suffering and through suffering. ~ Fyodor Dostoevsky Love is such a priceless treasure that you can redeem the whole world by it, and cleanse not only your own sins but the sins of others. ~ Fyodor Dostoevsky The chief thing is to love others like yourself , that's the chief thing, and that's everything; nothing else is wanted — you will find out at once how to arrange it all . ~ Fyodor Dostoevsky "What is hell?" I maintain that it is the suffering of being unable to love. ~ Fyodor Dostoevsky My final lesson of history is the same as that of Jesus ... Love is the most practical thing in the world. If you take an attitude of love toward everybody you meet, you'll eventually get along. Surely goodness and loyal love will pursue me all the days of my life, And I will dwell in the house of Jehovah for all my days. He loves righteousness and justice . The earth is filled with Jehovah ’s loyal love. For you, O Jehovah , are good and ready to forgive; You abound in loyal love for all those who call on you. David , Psalm 86:5 , NWT Love, Fear , and Esteem, — Write these on three stones. Leonardo da Vinci , The Notebooks of Leonardo Da Vinci (1938), X Studies and Sketches for Pictures and Decorations, "Of servants", as translated by Edward MacCurdy The acquisition of any knowledge is always of use to the intellect, because it may thus drive out useless things and retain the good. For nothing can be loved or hated unless it is first known. Leonardo da Vinci , The Notebooks of Leonardo Da Vinci (1938), XIX Philosophical Maxims. Morals. Polemics and Speculations, as translated by Edward MacCurdy The lover is moved by the beloved object as the senses are by sensual objects; and they unite and become one and the same thing. The work is the first thing born of this union; if the thing loved is base the lover becomes base. Leonardo da Vinci , The Notebooks of Leonardo Da Vinci (1938), XIX Philosophical Maxims. Morals. Polemics and Speculations, as translated by Edward MacCurdy When that which loves is united to the thing beloved it can rest there; when the burden is laid down it finds rest there. There will be eternal fame also for the inhabitants of that town, constructed and enlarged by him. Leonardo da Vinci , The Notebooks of Leonardo Da Vinci (1938), XIX Philosophical Maxims. Morals. Polemics and Speculations, as translated by Edward MacCurdy The Caladrius is a bird of which it is related that, when it is carried into the presence of a sick person, if the sick man is going to die, the bird turns away its head and never looks at him; but if the sick man is to be saved the bird never loses sight of him but is the cause of curing him of all his sickness. Like unto this is the love of virtue. It never looks at any vile or base thing, but rather clings always to pure and virtuous things and takes up its abode in a noble heart; as the birds do in green woods on flowery branches. And this Love shows itself more in adversity than in prosperity; as light does, which shines most where the place is darkest. Leonardo da Vinci , The Notebooks of Leonardo Da Vinci (1938), XX Humorous Writings, as translated by Edward MacCurdy L'amor che move il sole e l'altre stelle. The Love which moves the sun and the other stars. Dante Alighieri , Paradiso XXXIII, 145 Amor, ch'al cor gentil ratto s'apprende. Love, that all gentle hearts so quickly know. Dante Alighieri , Inferno, V. 100 Amor ch' a nullo amato amar perdona. Love, which insists that love shall mutual be. Dante Alighieri , Inferno, V. 103 If we seek the pleasures of love, passion should be occasional, and common sense continual. Robertson Davies , "The Pleasures of Love," in Saturday Night (23 December 1961); reprinted in The Enthusiasms of Robertson Davies (1990) Love is the emblem of eternity; it confounds all notion of time ; effaces all memory of a beginning , all fear of an end : we fancy that we have always possessed what we love, so difficult is it to imagine how we could have lived without it. Anne Louise Germaine de Staël , Corinne (1807), Bk. 8, Ch. 2, as translated by Isabel Hill (1833) Variant translation: It is certainly through love that eternity can be understood; it confuses all thoughts about time ; it destroys the ideas of beginning and end ; one thinks one has always been in love with the person one loves, so difficult is it to conceive that one could live without him. As translated by Sylvia Raphael (1998) The mystery of the poor is this: That they are Jesus, and what you do for them you do for Him. It is the only way we have of knowing and believing in our love. The mystery of poverty is that by sharing in it, making ourselves poor in giving to others, we increase our knowledge of and belief in love. Doris Day , Catholic Worker (April 1964) We are not expecting Utopia here on this earth . But God meant things to be much easier than we have made them. A man has a natural right to food, clothing, and shelter. A certain amount of goods is necessary to lead a good life. A family needs work as well as bread. Property is proper to man. We must keep repeating these things. Eternal life begins now. "All the way to heaven is heaven, because He said, "I am the Way." The cross is there, of course, but "in the cross is joy of spirit ." And love makes all things easy. Doris Day , On Pilgrimage (1948) The truth is, indeed, that love is the threshold of another universe. Pierre Teilhard de Chardin , "The Evolution of Chastity" (1934), as translated by René Hague in Toward the Future (1975) What paralyzes life is lack of faith and lack of audacity . The difficulty lies not in solving problems but expressing them. And so we cannot avoid this conclusion: it is biologically evident that to gain control of passion and so make it serve spirit must be a condition of progress. Sooner or later, then, the world will brush aside our incredulity and take this step : because whatever is the more true comes out into the open, and whatever is better is ultimately realized. The day will come when, after harnessing the ether, the winds, the tides, gravitation, we shall harness for God the energies of love. And, on that day, for the second time in the history of the world, man will have discovered fire. Pierre Teilhard de Chardin , "The Evolution of Chastity" (February 1934), as translated in Toward the Future (1975) edited by by René Hague, who also suggests "space" as an alternate translation of "the ether." Variants: "One day after mastering the winds, the waves, the tides and gravity" — after all the scientific and technological achievements — "we shall harness for God the energies of love. And then, for the second time in the history of the world, man will have discovered fire." As quoted by R. Sargent Shriver, Jr. in his speech accepting the nomination as the Democratic candidate for vice president, in Washington, D. C. (8 August 1972); this has sometimes been published as if Shriver's interjection "after all the scientific and technological achievements" were part of the original statement, as in The New York Times (9 August 1972), p. 18 What paralyzes life is lack of faith and lack of audacity. The difficulty lies not in solving problems but identifying them. As translated in The The Ignatian Tradition (2009) edited by Kevin F. Burke, Eileen Burke-Sullivan and Phyllis Zagano, p. 86 Love is the only force which can make things one without destroying them. … Some day, after mastering the winds, the waves, the tides and gravity, we shall harness for God the energies of love, and then, for the second time in the history of the world, man will have discovered fire. As quoted in Seed Sown : Theme and Reflections on the Sunday Lectionary Reading (1996) by Jay Cormier, p. 33 The day will come when, after harnessing space, the winds, the tides, gravitation, we shall harness for God the energies of love. And, on that day, for the second time in the history of the world, humanity will have discovered fire. As quoted in Fire of Love : Encountering the Holy Spirit (2006) by Donald Goergen, p. 92 The day will come when, after harnessing space, the winds, the tides, gravitation, we shall harness for God the energies of love. And, on that day, for the second time in the history of the world, man will have discovered fire. As quoted in Read for the Cure (2007) by Eileen Fanning, p. v Love alone is capable of uniting living beings in such a way as to complete and fulfill them, for it alone takes them and joins them by what is deepest in themselves. All we need is to imagine our ability to love developing until it embraces the totality of men and the earth. A universal love is not only psychologically possible; it is the only complete and final way in which we are able to love. Pierre Teilhard de Chardin , The Phenomenon of Man (1955) If there were no internal propensity to unite, even at a prodigiously rudimentary level — indeed in the molecule itself — it would be physically impossible for love to appear higher up, with us, in hominized form. . . . Driven by the forces of love, the fragments of the world seek each other so that the world may come into being. Pierre Teilhard de Chardin , The Phenomenon of Man (1955) Even sticking to the higher plane of love, is it so very obvious that you can't love more than one person? We seem to manage it with parental love (parents are reproached if they don't at least pretend to love all their children equally), love of books, of food, of wine (love of Chateau Margaux does not preclude love of a fine Hock, and we don't feel unfaithful to the red when we dally with the white), love of composers, poets, holiday beaches, friends . . . why is erotic love the one exception that everybody instantly acknowledges without even thinking about it? Richard Dawkins Banishing the Green-Eyed Monster, November 2007 I somehow see what's beautiful In things that are ephemeral I'm my only friend of mine And love is just a piece of time in the world And I couldn't help but fall in love again. Zooey Deschanel, She & Him : Volume One (2008), "I Thought I Saw Your Face Today" O-o-old habits die hard when you got, when you got a sentimental heart Piece of the puzzle, you're my missing part Oh what can you do with a sentimental heart? Zooey Deschanel, She & Him : Volume One (2008), "Sentimental Heart" Love is not a feeling to pass away Like the balmy breath of a Summer's day....... Love is not a passion of earthly mould As a thirst for honour, or fame, or gold Charles Dickens , From Lucy's Song in The Poems and Verses of Charles Dickens, Chapman & Hall, London 1903 [A] loving heart was better and stronger than wisdom... Charles Dickens , David Copperfield (1850), Chapter 9. Often quoted as "A loving heart is the truest wisdom". It has been said that love robs those who have it of their wit, and gives it to those who have none. Denis Diderot , Paradoxe sur le Comédien (1773 - 1777) Love is not enough. It must be the foundation, the cornerstone-but not the complete structure. It is much too pliable, too yielding. Bette Davis , U.S. screen actor. The Lonely Life, ch. 19 (1962) Today I begin to understand what love must be, if it exists. . . . When we are parted, we each feel the lack of the other half of ourselves. We are incomplete like a book in two volumes of which the first has been lost. That is what I imagine love to be: incompleteness in absence. Edmond de Goncourt (1822-96) and Jules de Goncourt (1830-70), French writers. The Goncourt Journals (1888-96; repr. in Pages from the Goncourt Journal , ed. by Robert Baldick, 1962), entry for 15 Nov. 1859 We are all born for love. It is the principle of existence and its only end. Benjamin Disraeli , Sybil (1845), Book V, Chapter IV The daily actions of religious people have accomplished uncounted good deeds throughout history, alleviating suffering, feeding the hungry, caring for the sick. Religions have brought the comfort of belonging and companionship to many who would otherwise have passed through this life all alone, without glory or adventure. They have not just provided first aid, in effect, for people in difficulties; they have provided the means for changing the world in ways that remove those difficulties. As Alan Wolfe says, "Religion can lead people out of cycles of poverty and dependency just as it led Moses out of Egypt". There is much for religion lovers to be proud of in their traditions, and much for all of us to be grateful for. The fact that so many people love their religions as much as, or more than, anything else in their lives is a weighty fact indeed. I am inclined to think that nothing could matter more than what people love. At any rate, I can think of no value that I would place higher. I would not want to live in a world without love. Would a world with peace, but without love, be a better world? Not if the peace was achieved by drugging the love (and hate) out of us, or by suppression. Would a world with justice and freedom, but without love, be a better world? Not if it was achieved by somehow turning us all into loveless law-abiders with none of the yearnings or envies or hatreds that are wellsprings of injustice and subjugation. It is hard to consider such hypotheticals, and I doubt if we should trust our first intuitions about them, but, for what it is worth, I surmise that we almost all want a world in which love, justice, freedom, and peace are all present, as much as possible, but if we had to give up one of these, it wouldn't — and shouldn't — be love. But, sad to say, even if it is true that nothing could matter more than love, it wouldn't follow from this that we don't have reason to question the things that we, and others, love. Love is blind, as they say, and because love is blind, it often leads to tragedy: to conflicts in which one love is pitted against another love, and something has to give, with suffering guaranteed in any resolution. Daniel Dennett , Breaking the Spell (2006) The magic of first love is our ignorance that it can ever end. Benjamin Disraeli , Henrietta Temple (1837), Book 4, chapter 1. Often misquoted as "The magic of first love is our ignorance that it can never end". It is so important for us to have faith, trust, confidence in one another. It is the only way we can communicate. Without faith there is no communication, there is no love, or if there was a little love, it will die without hope, trust, and confidence. Even if it doesn't die right away, it will be so weak, so ill, and so tired that communication will be miserable as well. Catherine Doherty , Poustinia (1975), Ch. 12 … What is hell? I maintain that it is the suffering of being unable to love. Dostoevsky, Fyodor M. (1999) [1880]. The Brothers Karamazov. Constance Garnett, translator. Signet Classic. pp. p. 312. ISBN 0451527348 . Variant: Hell is the suffering of being unable to love. A purple robe he wore, o'erwrought with gold With the device of a great snake, whose breath Was a fiery flame: which when I did behold I fell a-weeping and I cried, "Sweet youth, Tell me why, sad and sighing, thou dost rove These pleasant realms? I pray thee speak me sooth What is thy name?" He said, "My name is Love." Then straight the first did turn himself to me And cried, "He lieth, for his name is Shame, But I am Love, and I was wont to be Alone in this fair garden, till he came Unasked by night; I am true Love, I fill The hearts of boy and girl with mutual flame." Then sighing said the other, "Have thy will, "I am the Love that dare not speak its name." It's afterwards you realize that the feeling of happiness you had with a man didn't neccessarily prove that you loved him. Marguerite Duras The Chimneys of India Song, from Practicalities (1987, trans. 1990) It was the men I deceived the most that I loved the most. Marguerite Duras The Chimneys of India Song, from Practicalities (1987, trans. 1990) Love is a passion Which kindles honor into noble acts. John Dryden , reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 392 Love taught him shame, and shame with love at strife Soon taught the sweet civilities of life. John Dryden , Cymon and Iphigenia (1700), line 134 Pains of love be sweeter far Than all other pleasures are. John Dryden , Tyrannick Love (1669), Act IV, scene i My heart 's so full of joy , That I shall do some wild extravagance Of love in public, and the foolish world , Which knows not tenderness , will think me mad. John Dryden , All for Love (1678), Act II, scene i For pity melts the mind to love. Joy rul'd the day, and Love the night. John Dryden , The Secular Masque (1700), Line 82 You can't be wise and in love at the same time. Fyodor Dostoevsky , The Idiot (1868) On our earth we can only love with suffering and through suffering. We cannot love otherwise, and we know of no other sort of love. I want suffering in order to love. I long, I thirst, this very instant, to kiss with tears the earth that I have left, and I don't want, I won't accept life on any other!" Fyodor Dostoevsky , The Dream of a Ridiculous Man (1877), III Suppose that this paradise will never come to pass (that I understand ), yet I shall go on preaching it. And yet how simple it is: in one day , in one hour everything could be arranged at once! The chief thing is to love others like yourself , that's the chief thing, and that's everything; nothing else is wanted — you will find out at once how to arrange it all . And yet it's an old truth which has been told and retold a billion times — but it has not formed part of our lives! The consciousness of life is higher than life, the knowledge of the laws of happiness is higher than happiness — that is what one must contend against. And I shall. If only everyone wants it, it can be arranged at once. Fyodor Dostoevsky , The Dream of a Ridiculous Man (1877), V If you are penitent, you love. And if you love you are of God. All things are atoned for, all things are saved by love. If I, a sinner even as you are, am tender with you and have pity on you, how much more will God have pity upon you. Love is such a priceless treasure that you can redeem the whole world by it, and cleanse not only your own sins but the sins of others. Fyodor Dostoevsky , The Brothers Karamazov (1879–1880), Book II, ch. 3 (trans. Constance Garnett) "It's just the same story as a doctor once told me," observed the elder. "He was a man getting on in years, and undoubtedly clever. He spoke as frankly as you, though in jest, in bitter jest. 'I love humanity,' he said, 'but I wonder at myself. The more I love humanity in general, the less I love man in particular. In my dreams,' he said, 'I have often come to making enthusiastic schemes for the service of humanity, and perhaps I might actually have faced crucifixion if it had been suddenly necessary; and yet I am incapable of living in the same room with any one for two days together, as I know by experience. As soon as any one is near me, his personality disturbs my self-complacency and restricts my freedom. In twenty-four hours I begin to hate the best of men: one because he's too long over his dinner; another because he has a cold and keeps on blowing his nose. I become hostile to people the moment they come close to me. But it has always happened that the more I detest men individually the more ardent becomes my love for humanity.'" Fyodor Dostoevsky , The Brothers Karamazov (1879–1880), Book II, ch. 4 (trans. Constance Garnett) Brothers, have no fear of men's sin. Love a man even in his sin, for that is the semblance of Divine Love and is the highest love on earth. Love all God's creation, the whole of it and every grain of sand in it. Love every leaf, every ray of God's light. Love all God 's creation, the whole of it and every grain of sand in it. Love every leaf, every ray of God's light . Love the animals , love the plants , love everything. If you love everything, you will perceive the divine mystery in things. Once you have perceived it, you will begin to comprehend it better every day, and you will come at last to love the world with an all-embracing love. Love the animals: God has given them the rudiments of thought and untroubled joy. So do not trouble it, do not harass them, do not deprive them of their joy, do not go against God's intent. Man, do not exhale yourself above the animals: they are without sin, while you in your majesty defile the earth by your appearance on it, and you leave the traces of your defilement behind you — alas, this is true of almost every one of us! Love children especially, for like the angels they too are sinless, and they live to soften and purify our hearts, and, as it were, to guide us. Woe to him who offends a child. My young brother asked even the birds to forgive him. It may sound absurd, but it is right none the less, for everything, like the ocean, flows and enters into contact with everything else: touch one place, and you set up a movement at the other end of the world. It may be senseless to beg forgiveness of the birds, but, then, it would be easier for the birds, and for the child, and for every animal if you were yourself more pleasant than you are now. Everything is like an ocean, I tell you. Then you would pray to the birds, too, consumed by a universal love, as though in ecstasy, and ask that they, too, should forgive your sin. Treasure this ecstasy, however absurd people may think it. Fyodor Dostoevsky , The Brothers Karamazov (1879–1880), Book VI, chapter 3: "Conversations and Exhortations of Father Zossima; Of Prayer, of Love, and of Contact with other Worlds" (translated by Constance Garnett) Fathers and teachers, I ponder, "What is hell?" I maintain that it is the suffering of being unable to love. Dostoevsky (1999) [1880]. The Brothers Karamazov. Constance Garnett, translator. Signet Classic. pp. p. 312. ISBN 0451527348 . To be in love is not the same as loving. You can be in love with a woman and still hate her. Fyodor Dostoevsky , The Brothers Karamazov (1879–1880) Love one another. My final lesson of history is the same as that of Jesus . You may think that's a lot of lollipop but just try it. Love is the most practical thing in the world. If you take an attitude of love toward everybody you meet, you'll eventually get along. Will Durant , When asked, at the age of 92, if he could summarize the lessons of history into a single sentence. As quoted in "Durants on History from the Ages, with Love," by Pam Proctor, Parade (6 August 1978) p. 12. Durant is quoting Jesus (from John 13:34) here, and might also be quoting Jiddu Krishnamurti : "Love is the most practical thing in the world. To love, to be kind, not to be greedy, not to be ambitious, not to be influenced by people but to think for yourself — these are all very practical things, and they will bring about a practical, happy society." E[ edit ] Love is so exquisitely elusive. It cannot be bought, cannot be badgered, cannot be hijacked. It is available only in one rare form: as the natural response of a healthy mind and healthy heart. ~ Eknath Easwaran I believe that we don't need to worry about what happens after this life, as long as we do our duty here—to love and to serve. ~ Albert Einstein The single Rose Where all loves end ~ T. S. Eliot Can we only love Something created in our own imaginations? ~ T. S. Eliot Love is the unfamiliar Name Behind the hands that wove The intolerable shirt of flame Which human power cannot remove. ~ T. S. Eliot Love is most nearly itself When here and now cease to matter. ~ T. S. Eliot Love does not consist in gazing at each other but in looking outward together in the same direction. ~ Antoine de Saint Exupéry Love is so exquisitely elusive. It cannot be bought, cannot be badgered, cannot be hijacked. It is available only in one rare form: as the natural response of a healthy mind and healthy heart. Eknath Easwaran , Original goodness: On the beatitudes of the sermon on the mount ( 1989 ) To know me is to love me. This cliche is popular for a reason, because most of us, I imagine, believe deep in our hearts that if anyone truly got to know us, they'd truly get to love us - or at least know why we're the way we are. The problem in life, maybe the central problem, is that so few people ever seem to have sufficient curiosity to do the job on us that we know we deserve. Eric Rücker Eddison , A Fish Dinner in Memison, published 1941 Love is no ingredient in a merely speculative faith, but it is the life and soul of a practical faith... A speculative faith consists only in the assent of the understanding, but in a saving faith there is also the consent of the heart . Jonathan Edwards , Charity and Its Fruits (1738) Love is the active, working principle in all true faith. It is its very soul, without which it is dead. "Faith works by love." Jonathan Edwards , Quotes reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 396 Nothing truly valuable arises from ambition or from a mere sense of duty; it stems rather from love and devotion towards men and towards objective things. Albert Einstein , Helen Dukas and Banesh Hoffmann , Albert Einstein, The Human Side: New Glimpses From His Archives (1979), p. 46 - 30 July 47 - letter Falling in love is not at all the most stupid thing that people do — but gravitation cannot be held responsible for it. Albert Einstein , Helen Dukas and Banesh Hoffmann , Albert Einstein, The Human Side: New Glimpses From His Archives (1979), p. 56 - Jotted (in German) on the margins of a letter to him (1933). Unsourced variants: Gravitation is not responsible for people falling in love. / You can't blame gravity for falling in love. I believe that we don't need to worry about what happens after this life, as long as we do our duty here—to love and to serve. Albert Einstein , as quoted by William Hermanns Einstein and the Poet: In Search of the Cosmic Man (1983), p. 94 But is it what we love, or how we love, That makes true good? George Eliot , The Spanish Gypsy (1868), Book I 'Tis what I love determines how I love. George Eliot , The Spanish Gypsy (1868), Book I Women know no perfect love: Loving the strong, they can forsake the strong; Man clings because the being whom he loves Is weak and needs him. George Eliot , The Spanish Gypsy (1868), Book III I like not only to be loved , but also to be told that I am loved. I am not sure that you are of the same kind. But the realm of silence is large enough beyond the grave. This is the world of light and speech , and I shall take leave to tell you that you are very dear. George Eliot , Letter to Georgiana Burne-Jones, wife of the artist Edward Burne-Jones (1875) Affection is the broadest basis of a good life. George Eliot , reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 393 Lady of silences Something created in our own imaginations? Are we all in fact unloving and unloveable? Then one is alone, and if one is alone Then lover and beloved are equally unreal And the dreamer is no more real than his dreams. Only the cause and end of movement, Timeless, and undesiring Except in the aspect of time Caught in the form of limitation Between un-being and being. T. S. Eliot , Four Quartets , Burnt Norton (1935), (V) Love is most nearly itself When here and now cease to matter. Old men ought to be explorers Here or there does not matter We must be still and still moving Into another intensity For a further union, a deeper communion Through the dark cold and the empty desolation, The wave cry, the wind cry, the vast waters Of the petrel and the porpoise. T. S. Eliot , Four Quartets , East Coker (1940), (V) Who then devised the torment? Love. Love is the unfamiliar Name Behind the hands that wove The intolerable shirt of flame Which human power cannot remove. We only live, only suspire Consumed by either fire or fire. (IV) T. S. Eliot , Four Quartets ,Little Gidding (1942), (IV) Even as the Sun doth not wait for prayers and incantations to rise, but shines forth and is welcomed by all: so thou also wait not for clapping of hands and shouts and praise to do thy duty; nay, do good of thine own accord, and thou wilt be loved like the Sun. Epictetus , Fragments, Fragment xxii Let no man think that he is loved by any who loveth none. Epictetus , Fragments, Fragment xxiii L’expérience nous montre qu’aimer ce n’est point nous regarder l’un l’autre mais regarder ensemble dans la même direction. (Page 203) Life has taught us that love does not consist in gazing at each other but in looking outward together in the same direction. (Translated by Lewis Galantière in "Wind, Sand and Stars") F[ edit ] Love has no uttermost, as the stars have no number and the sea no rest. ~ Eleanor Farjeon In love there are no penalties and no payments, and what is given is indistinguishable from what is received. ~ Eleanor Farjeon The stars above will be below when man has Love. ~ Philip José Farmer Give us power , give us light To hold all love within our breast's small space. ~ Philip José Farmer Tell your son to stop trying to fill your head with science — for to fill your heart with love is enough! ~ Richard Feynman Love is the ultimate and the highest goal to which man can aspire. ~ Viktor Frankl The salvation of man is through love and in love. ~ Viktor Frankl How bold one gets when one is sure of being loved. ~ Sigmund Freud Love is an irresistible desire to be irresistibly desired. ~ Robert Frost Love is an act of faith , and whoever is of little faith is also of little love. ~ Erich Fromm If it is true , as I have tried to show, that love is the only sane and satisfactory answer to the problem of human existence, then any society which excludes, relatively, the development of love, must in the long run perish of its own contradiction with the basic necessities of human nature . ~ Erich Fromm Just as love for one individual which excludes the love for others is not love, love for one’s country which is not part of one’s love for humanity is not love, but idolatrous worship . ~ Erich Fromm Immature love says: "I love you because I need you." Mature love says: "I need you because I love you." ~ Erich Fromm Love is the only sane and satisfactory answer to the problem of human existence. ~ Erich Fromm I believe that love is the main key to open the doors to the "growth" of man. Love and union with someone or something outside of oneself, union that allows one to put oneself into relationship with others, to feel one with others, without limiting the sense of integrity and independence. Love is a productive orientation for which it is essential that there be present at the same time: concern, responsibility, and respect for and knowledge of the object of the union. ~ Erich Fromm If a person loves only one other person and is indifferent to all others, his love is not love but a symbiotic attachment, or an enlarged egotism. ~ Erich Fromm I believe that the experience of love is the most human and humanizing act that it is given to man to enjoy and that it, like reason , makes no sense if conceived in a partial way. ~ Erich Fromm Bitterness imprisons life; love releases it. Bitterness paralyzes life; love empowers it. Bitterness sours life; love sweetens it. Bitterness sickens life; love heals it. Bitterness blinds life; love anoints its eyes. ~ Harry Emerson Fosdick We're all a little weird. And life is a little weird. And when we find someone whose weirdness is compatible with ours, we join up with them and fall into mutually satisfying weirdness — and call it love — true love. ~ Robert Fulghum Old sundial, you stand here for Time : For Love, the vine that round your base Its tendrils twines, and dares to climb And lay one flower-capped spray in grace Without the asking on your cold Unsmiling and unfrowning face. Eleanor Farjeon , Pan-Worship and Other Poems (1908), Time And Love Upon your shattered ruins where This vine will flourish still, as rare, As fresh, as fragrant as of old. Love will not crumble. Eleanor Farjeon , Pan-Worship and Other Poems (1908), Time And Love Dropt tears have hastened your decay And brought you one step nigher death ; And you have heard, unthrilled, unmoved, The music of Love's golden breath And seen the light in eyes that loved. You think you hold the core and kernel Of all the world beneath your crust, Old dial? But when you lie in dust, This vine will bloom, strong, green, and proved. Love is eternal . Eleanor Farjeon , Pan-Worship and Other Poems (1908), Time And Love Every man 's life (and … every woman 's life), awaits the hour of blossoming that makes it immortal … love is a divinity above all accidents, and guards his own with extraordinary obstinacy. Eleanor Farjeon , Martin Pippin in the Apple Orchard‎ (1922) No love-story has ever been told twice. I never heard any tale of lovers that did not seem to me as new as the world on its first morning . Eleanor Farjeon , Martin Pippin in the Apple Orchard‎ (1922) I will fight for you, yes, and you will fight for me. And if you have sacrificed joy and courage and beauty and wisdom for my sake, I will give them all to you again; and yet you must also give them to me, for they are things in which without you I am wanting. But together we can make them. Eleanor Farjeon , Martin Pippin in the Apple Orchard‎ (1922) 'In love there are no penalties and no payments, and what is given is indistinguishable from what is received.' And he bent his head and kissed her long and deeply, and in that kiss neither knew themselves, or even each other, but something beyond all consciousness that was both of them. Eleanor Farjeon , Martin Pippin in the Apple Orchard‎ (1922) He loved her, both for her fault and her redemption of it, more than he had ever thought that he could love her; for he had believed that in their kiss love had reached its uttermost. But love has no uttermost, as the stars have no number and the sea no rest. Eleanor Farjeon , Martin Pippin in the Apple Orchard‎ (1922), p. 172 Women are so strangely constructed that they have in them darkness as well as light , though it be but a little curtain hung across the sun . And love is the hand that takes the curtain down, a stronger hand than fear, which hung it up. For all the ill that is in us comes from fear , and all the good from love. Eleanor Farjeon , Martin Pippin in the Apple Orchard‎ (1922), p. 174 Prometheus , I have no Titan's might, Yet I, too, must each dusk renew my heart , For daytime's vulture talons tear apart The tender alcoves built by love at night . Philip José Farmer , "In Common" in Starlanes #14 (April 1954); re-published in Pearls From Peoria (2006) One thing is sure, O comrades, that the love That fights to keep us rooted in the earth , But also urges us to dare the stars , This irresistible, this ancient power Wedged in the soul , unshakable, is the light That burns our roots and leaves us free for Space . Philip José Farmer , Sestina of the Space Rocket (1953), first published in Startling Stories (February 1953); re-published in Pearls From Peoria (2006) The way is open, comrades, free as Space Alone is free. The only gold is love, A coin that we have minted from the light Of others who have cared for us on Earth And who have deposited in us the power That nerves our nerves to seize the burning stars. Philip José Farmer , Sestina of the Space Rocket (1953), first published in Startling Stories (February 1953); re-published in Pearls From Peoria (2006) Yes, we hope to seed a new, rich earth. We hope to breed a race of men whose power Dwells in hearts as open as all Space Itself, who ask for nothing but the light That rinses the heart of hate so that the stars Above will be below when man has Love. Philip José Farmer , Sestina of the Space Rocket (1953), first published in Startling Stories (February 1953); re-published in Pearls From Peoria (2006) God , Whose hand holds stars, as we lump earth In our fingers, give us power, give us light To hold all love within our breast's small space. Philip José Farmer , Sestina of the Space Rocket (1953), first published in Startling Stories (February 1953); re-published in Pearls From Peoria (2006) They say love dies between two people. That's wrong. It doesn't die. It just leaves you, goes away, if you are not good enough, worthy enough. It doesn't die; you're the one that dies. Charlotte Rittenmeyer in William Faulkner , The Wild Palms (1939). New York: Vintage Books, 1966, p. 83 Tell your son to stop trying to fill your head with science — for to fill your heart with love is enough! Richard Feynman , Note to the mother of Marcus Chown , who had admired the profile of Feynman presented in the BBC TV Horizon program "The Pleasure of Finding Things Out" (1981). Written after Chown asked Feynman to write her a birthday note, hoping it would increase her interest in science. Photo of note published in No Ordinary Genius: The Illustrated Richard Feynman (1996), by Christopher Sykes, page 161. In a " Quantum theory via 40-tonne trucks ", The Independent (17 January 2010), and in a audio interview on BBC 4 (September 2010), Chown recalled the note as: "Ignore your son's attempts to teach you physics. Physics is not the most important thing, love is." Just one step at a time And closer to destiny I knew at a glance There'd always be a chance for me With someone I could live for Nowhere I would rather be. Is your love strong enough Like a rock in the sea? Am I asking too much? Is your love strong enough? "Is Your Love Strong Enough?" by Bryan Ferry (YouTube Video) At any rate, let us love for a while, for a year or so, you and me. That's a form of divine drunkenness that we can all try. There are only diamonds in the whole world, diamonds and perhaps the shabby gift of disillusion. F. Scott Fitzgerald , Tales of the Jazz Age (1922), "The Diamond As Big As The Ritz" All life is just a progression toward, and then a recession from, one phrase— 'I love you.' I believe that a woman should love a man for what he is, not for what she wants him to be. Weebo in film Flubber I wish I could take what I'm feeling right now and put it in the water system so everybody could drink it and we would all love each other. Jamie Foxx , at the Golden Globes ceremony (2005) I love love I love being in love I don't care what it does to me The Format , in "Inches and Failing" Masood, a young lady has fallen in love with me—at least so I judge from her letters. Awkward is it not—awkward and surprising. You would be flattered and twirl your moustache, but I am merely uncomfortable. I wish she would stop, as she is very nice, and I enjoyed being friends. What an ill constructed world this is! Love is always being given where it is not required. E. M. Forster , Selected Letters: Letter 137, to Syed Ross Masood (5 December 1914) En art comme en amour, l'instinct suffit. In art as in love, instinct is enough. Anatole France , Le Jardin d'Épicure [The Garden of Epicurus] (1894) Un conte sans amour est comme du boudin sans moutarde; c’est chose insipide. A tale without love is like beef without mustard: insipid. Anatole France , La Révolte des Anges [The Revolt of the Angels], (1914), ch. VIII Les amants qui aiment bien n'écrivent pas leur bonheur. Lovers who love truly do not write down their happiness . Anatole France , The Crime of Sylvestre Bonnard (1881), La Bûche [The Log] (30 November 1859) A thought transfixed me: for the first time in my life I saw the truth as it is set into song by so many poets , proclaimed as the final wisdom by so many thinkers. The truth — that love is the ultimate and the highest goal to which man can aspire. Then I grasped the meaning of the greatest secret that human poetry and human thought and belief have to impart: The salvation of man is through love and in love. Benjamin Franklin , Poor Richard (1755) How bold one gets when one is sure of being loved. Sigmund Freud in a letter to his fiancée Martha Bernays (27 June 1882); published in Letters of Sigmund Freud 1873-1939 (1961), 10-12 Psychoanalysis is in essence a cure through love. Sigmund Freud in a letter to Carl Jung (1906), as quoted in Freud and Man's Soul (1984) by Bruno Bettelheim ...three of life's most important areas: work, love, and taking responsibility. Sigmund Freud in From The Wolf-man and Sigmund Freud Muriel Gardiner, p. 365 (cf. books.google.com ) Towards the outside, at any rate, the ego seems to maintain clear and sharp lines of demarcation. There is only one state — admittedly an unusual state, but not one that can be stigmatized as pathological — in which it does not do this. At the height of being in love the boundary between ego and object threatens to melt away. Against all the evidence of his senses, a man who is in love declares that "I" and "you" are one, and is prepared to behave as if it were a fact. Sigmund Freud 's Civilization and Its Discontents (1929), Ch. 1, as translated by Joan Riviere (1961) It is always possible to bind together a considerable number of people in love, so long as there are other people left over to receive manifestations of their aggressiveness. Sigmund Freud 's Civilization and Its Discontents (1929), Ch. 5, as translated by James Strachey and Anna Freud (1961) Care and responsibility are constituent elements of love, but without respect for and knowledge of the beloved person, love deteriorates into domination and possessiveness. Respect is not fear and awe; it denotes, in accordance with the root of the word (respicere = to look at), the ability to see a person as he is, to be aware of his individuality and uniqueness. To respect a person is not possible without knowing him; care and responsibilty would be blind if they were not guided by the knowledge of the person's individuality. Erich Fromm , Man for Himself: An Inquiry into the Psychology of Ethics (1947), Ch. 3 In Ch. 2 of his later work The Art of Loving (1956) a similar statement is made: Respect is not fear and awe; it denotes, in accordance with the root of the word (respicere = to look at), the ability to see a person as he is, to be aware of his unique individuality. Respect, thus, implies the absence of exploitation. I want the loved person to grow and unfold for his own sake, and in his own ways, and not for the purpose of serving me. Nationalism is our form of incest, is our idolatry, is our insanity. "Patriotism” is its cult. It should hardly be necessary to say, that by "patriotism” I mean that attitude which puts the own nation above humanity, above the principles of truth and justice; not the loving interest in one’s own nation, which is the concern with the nation’s spiritual as much as with its material welfare — never with its power over other nations. Just as love for one individual which excludes the love for others is not love, love for one’s country which is not part of one’s love for humanity is not love, but idolatrous worship. Erich Fromm , The Sane Society (1955), Ch. 3: The Human Situation, Sect. C "Rootedness — Brotherliness vs. Incest” I want the loved person to grow and unfold for his own sake, and in his own ways, and not for the purpose of serving me. Erich Fromm , Art of Loving (1956) Love is an act of faith , and whoever is of little faith is also of little love. Erich Fromm , The Art of Loving (1956) Only if he [man] develops his reason and his love, if he can experience the natural and the social world in a human way, can he feel at home, secure in himself, and the master of his life. Erich Fromm , The Sane Society (1955), Ch. 4: Mental Health and Society, p. 68 Love is often nothing but a favorable exchange between two people who get the most of what they can expect, considering their value on the personality market. Erich Fromm , The Sane Society (1955), Ch. 5: Man in Capitalistic Society, p. 147 It is considered immoral to keep one "love" partner beyond a relatively short period of time. "Love" is short-lived sexual desire, which must be satisfied immediately. Erich Fromm , The Sane Society (1955), Ch. 4: Mental Health and Society, Ch. 5: Man in Capitalistic Society, p. 165 Envy , jealousy , ambition , any kind of greed are passions ; love is an action , the practice of human power , which can be practiced only in freedom and never as a result of compulsion. Love is an activity, not a passive affect; it is a "standing in," not a "falling for." In the most general way, the active character of love can be described by stating that love is primarily giving, not receiving. Erich Fromm , The Art of Loving (1956), Ch. 2 In spite of the universalistic spirit of the monotheistic Western religions and of the progressive political concepts that are expressed in the idea "that all men are created equal ," love for mankind has not become a common experience . Love for mankind is looked upon as an achievement which, at best, follows love for an individual or as an abstract concept to be realized only in the future. But love for man cannot be separated from love for one individual. To love one person productively means to be related to his human core, to him as representing mankind. Love for one individual, in so far as it is divorced from love for man, can refer only to the superficial and to the accidental; of necessity it remains shallow. Erich Fromm , The Art of Loving (1956) The spirit of a production-centered, commodity-greedy society is such that only the non-conformist can defend himself sufficiently against it. Those who are seriously concerned with love as the only rational answer to the problem of human existence must, then, arrive at the conclusion that important and radical changes in our social structure are necessary, if love is to become a social and not a highly individualistic, marginal phenomenon. Erich Fromm , The Art of Loving (1956) Our society is run by a managerial bureaucracy, by professional politicians; people are motivated by mass suggestion, their aim is producing more and consuming more, as purposes in themselves. All activities are subordinated to economic goals, means have become ends; man is an automaton — well fed, well clad, but without any ultimate concern for that which is his peculiarly human quality and function. If man is to be able to love, he must be put in his supreme place. The economic machine must serve him, rather than he serve it. He must be enabled to share experience, to share work, rather than, at best, share in profits. Society must be organized in such a way that man's social, loving nature is not separated from his social existence, but becomes one with it. If it is true, as I have tried to show, that love is the only sane and satisfactory answer to the problem of human existence, then any society which excludes, relatively, the development of love, must in the long run perish of its own contradiction with the basic necessities of human nature. Erich Fromm , The Art of Loving (1956) The portion of this statement, "Love is the only sane and satisfactory answer to the problem of human existence" has been widely quoted alone, resulting in a less reserved expression, and sometimes the portion following it has been as well: "Any society which excludes, relatively, the development of love, must in the long run perish of its own contradiction with the basic necessities of human nature." To speak of love is not "preaching," for the simple reason that it means to speak of the ultimate and real need of every human being. That this need has been obscured does not mean it does not exist. To analyze the nature of love is to discover its general absence today and to criticize the social conditions which are responsible for this absence. To have faith in the possibility of love as a social and not only exceptional-individual phenomenon, is a rational faith based on the insight into the very nature of man. Erich Fromm , The Art of Loving (1956) I believe that love is the main key to open the doors to the "growth" of man. Love and union with someone or something outside of oneself, union that allows one to put oneself into relationship with others, to feel one with others, without limiting the sense of integrity and independence. Love is a productive orientation for which it is essential that there be present at the same time: concern, responsibility, and respect for and knowledge of the object of the union. I believe that the experience of love is the most human and humanizing act that it is given to man to enjoy and that it, like reason, makes no sense if conceived in a partial way. Erich Fromm , Credo (1965) I believe that one can and must hope for a sane society that furthers man’s capacity to love his fellow men, to work and create, to develop his reason and his objectivity of a sense of himself that is based on the experience of his productive energy. I believe that one can and must hope for the collective regaining of a mental health that is characterized by the capacity to love and to create... Erich Fromm , Credo (1965) Love is an irresistible desire to be irresistibly desired. Robert Frost , as quoted in a review of A Swinger of Birches (1957) by Sydney Cox in Vermont History, Vol. 25 (1957), p. 355 Bitterness imprisons life; love releases it. Bitterness paralyzes life; love empowers it. Bitterness sours life; love sweetens it. Bitterness sickens life; love heals it. Bitterness blinds life; love anoints its eyes. Harry Emerson Fosdick , Riverside Sermons (1958), p. 100 I got love, I got so much love, love in my heart, and this feeling I can't let it go. I believe that imagination is stronger than knowledge — That myth is more potent than history . I believe that dreams are more powerful than facts — That hope always triumphs over experience — That laughter is the only cure for grief . And I believe that love is stronger than death . Robert Fulghum , "Credo" at his official website ; this may be partly influenced by remarks of Albert Einstein in "What Life Means to Einstein: An Interview by George Sylvester Viereck" The Saturday Evening Post (26 October 1929): I am enough of an artist to draw freely upon my imagination. Imagination is more important than knowledge. Knowledge is limited. Imagination encircles the world. You want my opinion ? We're all a little weird. And life is a little weird. And when we find someone whose weirdness is compatible with ours, we join up with them and fall into mutually satisfying weirdness — and call it love — true love. Robert Fulghum , True Love (1998) Love the battle between chaos and imagination . Remember: Acting is living truthfully in imaginary circumstances. Remember: Acting is the way to live the greatest number of lives. Remember: Acting is the same as real life, lived intentionally. Never forget: The Fruit is out on the end of the limb. Go there. Robert Fulghum , "Alice-Alice" in Third Wish (2006) Truth is cosmically total: synergetic . Verities are generalized principles stated in semimetaphorical terms. Verities are differentiable. But love is omniembracing, omnicoherent, and omni-inclusive, with no exceptions. Love, like synergetics, is nondifferentiable, i.e., is integral. Buckminster Fuller , Synergetics : Explorations in the Geometry of Thinking (1975) 1005.54 The highest of generalizations is the synergetic integration of truth and love. Buckminster Fuller , Synergetics : Explorations in the Geometry of Thinking (1975) 1005.56 G[ edit ] It isn't enough to love people because they're good to you, or because in some way or other you're going to get something by it. We have to love because we love loving. ~ John Galsworthy Nothing is impossible for pure love. ~ Mahatma Gandhi New beginnings and new shoots Spring again from hidden roots Pull or stab or cut or burn, Love must ever yet return. ~ Robert Graves Yesterday we obeyed kings and bent our necks before emperors. But today we kneel only to truth, follow only beauty, and obey only love. ~ Khalil Gibran All men love you for themselves. I love you for yourself. ~ Khalil Gibran Love, the strongest and deepest element in all life, the harbinger of hope, of joy, of ecstasy; love, the defier of all laws, of all conventions; love, the freest, the most powerful moulder of human destiny [...] has the magic power to make of a beggar a king. ~ Emma Goldman How long will I love you? As long as stars are above you, And longer if I may ~ Ellie Goulding At the risk of seeming ridiculous, let me say that the true revolutionary is guided by a great feeling of love. It is impossible to think of a genuine revolutionary lacking this quality. ~ Che Guevara Love and compassion are necessities , not luxuries. Without them, humanity cannot survive. ~ Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama It isn't enough to love people because they're good to you, or because in some way or other you're going to get something by it. We have to love because we love loving. John Galsworthy , A Bit O' Love (1915) Only love makes fruitful the soul. The sense of form that both had in such high degree prevented much demonstration; but to be with him, do things for him, to admire, and credit him with perfection; and, since she could not exactly wear the same clothes or speak in the same clipped, quiet, decisive voice, to dislike the clothes and voices of other men — all this was precious to her beyond everything. Car, vois-tu, chaque jour je t'aime davantage, Aujourd'hui plus qu'hier et bien moins que demain. For, you see, each day I love you more, Today more than yesterday and less than tomorrow. Rosemonde Gérard , "L'éternelle chanson", IX, Les Pipeaux; in P. Dupré, Encyclopédie des Citations (1959), p. 176 Love has power that dispels Death; charm that conquers the enemy. Khalil Gibran , "Peace", Tears and Laughter, trans. Anthony R. Ferris (1949), p. 30 Love is a universal migraine. A bright stain on the vision Blotting out reason. Robert Graves , "Symptoms of Love," lines 1-3, from More Poems (1961) New beginnings and new shoots Spring again from hidden roots Pull or stab or cut or burn, Love must ever yet return. Robert Graves , Fairies and Fusiliers (1917), "Marigolds" Lovers to-day and for all time Preserve the meaning of my rhyme: Love is not kindly nor yet grim But does to you as you to him. Robert Graves , Country Sentiment (1920), "Advice To Lovers" Then all you lovers have good heed Vex not young Love in word or deed: Love never leaves an unpaid debt, He will not pardon nor forget. Robert Graves , Country Sentiment (1920), "Advice To Lovers" Nothing is impossible for pure love. Mahatma Gandhi , An Autobiography (1927), Part I, Chapter 4, Playing the Husband When love beckons to you, follow him, Though his ways are hard and steep. Khalil Gibran , in The Prophet (1923), chapter On Love, page 11 All these things shall love do unto you that you may know the secrets of your heart, and in that knowledge become a fragment of Life's heart. Khalil Gibran , in The Prophet (1923), chapter On Love, page 12 Love gives naught but itself and takes naught but from itself. Love possesses not nor would it be possessed; For love is sufficient unto love. Khalil Gibran , in The Prophet (1923), chapter On Love, page 13 And think not you can direct the course of love, for love, if it finds you worthy, directs your course. Khalil Gibran , in The Prophet (1923), chapter On Love, page 13 Love has no other desire but to fulfill itself. But if you love and must needs have desires, let these be your desires: To melt and be like a running brook that sings its melody to the night. To know the pain of too much tenderness. To be wounded by your own understanding of love; And to bleed willingly and joyfully. To wake at dawn with a winged heart and give thanks for another day of loving; To rest at the noon hour and meditate love's ecstasy; to return home at eventide with gratitude; And then to sleep with a prayer for the beloved in your heart and a song of praise upon your lips. Khalil Gibran , in The Prophet (1923), chapter On Love, page 13 Love one another, but make not a bond of love: Let it rather be a moving sea between the shores of your souls. Fill each other’s cup, but drink not from one cup. Give one another of your bread, but eat not from the same loaf. Sing and dance together and be joyous, but let each of you be alone, Even as the strings of a lute are alone though they quiver with the same music. Give your hearts, but not into each other’s keeping. For only the hand of Life can contain your hearts. And stand together yet not too near together: For the pillars of the temple stand apart, And the oak tree and the cypress grow not in each other’s shadow. Khalil Gibran , in The Prophet (1923), chapter On Marriage, page 15 And is not time even as love is, undivided and paceless? Khalil Gibran , in The Prophet (1923), chapter On Time He stood up and looked at me even as the seasons might look down upon the field, and He smiled. And He said again: "All men love you for themselves. I love you for yourself. Love is a sacred mystery. To those who love, it remains forever wordless; But to those who do not love, it may be but a heartless jest. Khalil Gibran , Jesus, The Son of Man (1928) Yesterday we obeyed kings and bent our necks before emperors. But today we kneel only to truth, follow only beauty, and obey only love. Khalil Gibran , Chapter: Children of Gods, Scions of Apes in The Vision: Reflections on the Way of the Soul (1994), Edited by Robin H. Waterfield, translated by Juan R. I. Cole My Soul gave me good counsel, teaching me to love what the people abhor and to show good will toward the one they hate. It showed me that Love is a property not of the lover but of the beloved. Before my Soul taught me, Love was for me a delicate thread stretched between two adjacent pegs, but now it has been transformed into a halo; its first is its last, and its last is its first. It encompasses every being, slowly expanding to embrace all that ever will be. Khalil Gibran , The Vision : Reflections on the Way of the Soul (1994) edited by Robin H. Waterfield, translated by Juan R. I. Cole Love gives naught but itself and takes naught but from itself. Love possesses not nor would it be possessed; For love is sufficient unto love. Khalil Gibran , in The Prophet (1923) Love, the strongest and deepest element in all life, the harbinger of hope, of joy, of ecstasy; love, the defier of all laws, of all conventions; love, the freest, the most powerful moulder of human destiny; how can such an all-compelling force be synonymous with that poor little State and Church-begotten weed, marriage? Free love? As if love is anything but free! Man has bought brains, but all the millions in the world have failed to buy love. Man has subdued bodies, but all the power on earth has been unable to subdue love. Man has conquered whole nations, but all his armies could not conquer love. Man has chained and fettered the spirit, but he has been utterly helpless before love. High on a throne, with all the splendor and pomp his gold can command, man is yet poor and desolate, if love passes him by. And if it stays, the poorest hovel is radiant with warmth, with life and color. Thus love has the magic power to make of a beggar a king. Yes, love is free; it can dwell in no other atmosphere. Emma Goldman , "Marriage and Love" in Anarchism and Other Essays (1911) The bashful virgin's sidelong looks of love. Oliver Goldsmith , The Deserted Village (1770), line 29 How long will I love you? As long as stars are above you, And longer if I may Ellie Goulding , How Long Will I Love You (10 November 2013) from the 2013 album Halcyon Days Love is like a snowmobile racing across the tundra and then suddenly it flips over, pinning you underneath. At night, the snow weasels come. Matt Groening in the book, Love is Hell (1986) Che mai Non v'avere ò provate, ò possedute. Far worse it is Giovanni Battista Guarini , Il pastor fido (1590) At the risk of seeming ridiculous, let me say that the true revolutionary is guided by a great feeling of love. It is impossible to think of a genuine revolutionary lacking this quality. Perhaps it is one of the great dramas of the leader that he or she must combine a passionate spirit with a cold intelligence and make painful decisions without flinching. Our vanguard revolutionaries must idealize this love of the people, of the most sacred causes, and make it one and indivisible. They cannot descend, with small doses of daily affection, to the level where ordinary people put their love into practice. The leaders of the revolution have children just beginning to talk, who are not learning to call their fathers by name; wives, from whom they have to be separated as part of the general sacrifice of their lives to bring the revolution to its fulfilment; the circle of their friends is limited strictly to the number of fellow revolutionists. There is no life outside of the revolution. In these circumstances one must have a great deal of humanity and a strong sense of justice and truth in order not to fall into extreme dogmatism and cold scholasticism, into isolation from the masses. We must strive every day so that this love of living humanity will be transformed into actual deeds, into acts that serve as examples, as a moving force. Excerpts from the two paragraphs above have sometimes been quoted in abbreviated form: At the risk of seeming ridiculous, let me say that the true revolutionary is guided by a great feeling of love. It is impossible to think of a genuine revolutionary lacking this quality... We must strive every day so that this love of living humanity will be transformed into actual deeds, into acts that serve as examples, as a moving force. Variant translation: One must have a large dose of humanity, a large dose of a sense of justice and truth in order to avoid dogmatic extremes, cold scholasticism, or an isolation from the masses. We must strive every day so that this love of living humanity is transformed into actual deeds, into acts that serve as examples, as a moving force. Che Guevara , Man and Socialism in Cuba (1965), A letter to Carlos Quijano, editor of Marcha a radical weekly published in Montevideo, Uruguay; published as "From Algiers, for Marcha : The Cuban Revolution Today" (12 March 1965); also published in Verde Olivo, the magazine of the Cuban armed forces "Socialism and Man in Cuba" - Variant translation by Margarita Zimmermann Love of consciousness evokes the same in response Love of feeling evokes the opposite Love of body depends only on type and polarity. G. I. Gurdjieff , All and Everything : Beelzebub's Tales to His Grandson (1950) Love and compassion are necessities , not luxuries. Without them, humanity cannot survive. Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama in Dzogchen: The Heart Essence of the Great Perfection (2004); also quoted in A Small Drop of Ink: A Collection of Inspirational and Moving Quotations of the Ages (2003) by Linda Pendleton If there is love, there is hope that one may have real families, real brotherhood, real equanimity, real peace. If the love within your mind is lost and you see other beings as enemies, then no matter how much knowledge or education or material comfort you have, only suffering and confusion will ensue Tenzin Gyatso , The Little Book of Buddhism (2000) H[ edit ] Love is the condition in which the happiness of another person is essential to your own. ~ Robert A. Heinlein Love, which is lust, is the Lamp in the Tomb. Love, which is lust, is the Call from the Gloom. Love, which is lust, is the Main of Desire. Love, which is lust, is the Centric Fire. [...] And the word of Love is the Word of Life.~ William Ernest Henley Love is the most important thing in the world. It may be important to great thinkers to examine the world, to explain and despise it. But I think it is only important to love the world, not to despise it, not for us to hate each other, but to be able to regard the world and ourselves and all beings with love, admiration and respect. ~ Hermann Hesse To love is to act ~ Victor Hugo Love each other dearly always. There is scarcely anything else in the world but that: to love one another. ~ Victor Hugo What is love? Baby, don't hurt me. Don't hurt me, no more. Nestor Alexander Haddaway , "What Is Love" (1993), written by Dieter Lünstedt and Karin Hartmann-Eisenblätter, The Album (May 1993), Germany: Coconut Records All religions are incorporated in the principle of Truth, Simplicity and Love. Haidakhan Babaji , The Teachings of Babaji, 25 December 1981. Your first love has no beginning or end. Your first love is not your first love, and it is not your last. It is just love. It is one with everything. Nhat Hanh , Cultivating the Mind of Love (2005) Full Circle Publishing ISBN 81-216-0676-4 Love is the capacity to take care, to protect, to nourish. If you are not capable of generating that kind of energy toward yourself — if you are not capable of taking care of yourself, of nourishing yourself, of protecting yourself — it is very difficult to take care of another person. I need to be free with you tonight I need your love Calvin Harris feat. Ellie Goulding, I Need Your Love (2013) from the 2012 album 18 Months The principal difference between love and hate is that love is an irradiation, and hate is a concentration. Love makes everything lovely; hate concentrates itself on the object of its hatred. All the fearful counterfeits of love — possessiveness, lust, vanity, jealousy — are closer to hate: they concentrate on the object, guard it, suck it dry. Sydney J. Harris , Strictly Personal (1953), "Love and Its Loveless Counterfeits" Freud 's prescription for personal happiness as consisting of work and love must be taken with the proviso that the work has to be loved, and the love has to be worked at. Sydney J. Harris , Pieces of Eight (1982) When I'm not near the girl I love, I love the girl I'm near. Yip Harburg , "When I'm Not Near the Girl I Love" in Finian's Rainbow (1946) - Tommy Steele version Dorothy: If, neither of us had memories, and we met, so, then would you and I fall in love as well? Roger: That's, um, well... Dorothy: I warned you, it was a tough question. Dorothy: So then, Mr. Wise fell in love out of loneliness, right? Roger: Sorry, that question is too tough to answer. What was your second question? Dorothy: Forget it. If you thought the last question was tough, this one is worse. The Big O Missing Cat written by Keiichi Hasegawa Love, whether newly-born or aroused from a death-like slumber, must always create a sunshine, filling the hearts so full of radiance, that it overflows upon the outward world. Nathaniel Hawthorne in The Scarlet Letter (1850), p. 153 Love is that condition in which the happiness of another person is essential to your own. " Jubal Harshaw " in the first edition (1961); the later 1991 "Uncut" edition didn't have this line, because it was one Heinlein had added when he went through and trimmed the originally submitted manuscript on which the "Uncut" edition is based. Heinlein also later used a variant of this in The Cat Who Walks Through Walls where he has Xia quote Harshaw: "Dr. Harshaw says that 'the word "love" designates a subjective condition in which the welfare and happiness of another person are essential to one's own happiness.'" Robert A. Heinlein , Stranger in a Strange Land (1961, 1991), chapter His Scandalous Career Jealousy is a disease, love is a healthy condition. The immature mind often mistakes one for the other, or assumes that the greater the love, the greater the jealousy — in fact, they are almost incompatible; one emotion hardly leaves room for the other. Robert A. Heinlein , Stranger in a Strange Land (1961), chapter His Scandalous Career The more you love, the more you can love — and the more intensely you love. Nor is there any limit on how many you can love. If a person had time enough, he could love all of that majority who are decent and just. Love, which is lust, is the Lamp in the Tomb. Love, which is lust, is the Call from the Gloom. Love, which is lust, is the Main of Desire. Love, which is lust, is the Centric Fire. So man and woman will keep their trust, Till the very Springs of the Sea run dust. Yea, each with the other will lose and win, Till the very Sides of the Grave fall in. For the strife of Love's the abysmal strife, And the word of Love is the Word of Life. And they that go with the Word unsaid, Though they seem of the living, are damned and dead. William Ernest Henley , Hawthorn and Lavender (1901), XXI The woman was made of a rib out of the side of Adam; not made out of his head to rule over him, nor out of his feet to be trampled upon by him, but out of his side to be equal with him, under his arm to be protected, and near his heart to be beloved. Matthew Henry in Commentary on the Whole Bible, Vol. 1, under Genesis 2:21. [3] Love your neighbor, yet pull not down your hedge. George Herbert , Jacula Prudentum (1651) Oh, love isn't there to make us happy. I believe it exists to show us how much we can endure. Hermann Hesse , Peter Camenzind (1904) That's the way it is when you love. It makes you suffer, and I have suffered much in the years since. But it matters little that you suffer, so long as you feel alive with a sense of the close bond that connects all living things, so long as love does not die! Love does not entreat; or demand. Love must have the strength to become certain within itself. Then it ceases merely to be attracted and begins to attract.' Hermann Hesse , Demian: The Story of Emil Sinclair's Youth (1919), first published under the pseudonym "Emil Sinclair" Here is a doctrine at which you will laugh. It seems to me, Govinda, that Love is the most important thing in the world. It may be important to great thinkers to examine the world, to explain and despise it. But I think it is only important to love the world, not to despise it, not for us to hate each other, but to be able to regard the world and ourselves and all beings with love, admiration and respect. Billie Holiday , "Easy Living" The love that gushes for all is the real elixir of life — the fountain of bodily longevity. It is the lack of this that always produces the feeling of age. Josiah Gilbert Holland , reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 393 The most beautiful sight this earth affords is a man or woman so filled with love that duty is only a name, and its performance the natural outflow and expression of the love which has become the central principle of their life. Josiah Gilbert Holland , reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 394 Love is the master-key that opens the gates of happiness, of hatred, of jealousy, and, most easily of all, the gate of fear. How terrible is the one fact of beauty! Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. , A Mortal Antipathy (1885) This statement is often misquoted as "Love is the master-key that opens the gates of happiness". Love is the irreconcilable foe of the prevailing rationality, for lovers preserve and protect neither themselves nor the collectivity. They throw themselves away; that is why wrath is heaped upon them. Romeo and Juliet died in conflict with society for that which was heralded by this society. In unreasonably surrendering themselves to one another they sustained the freedom of the individual as against the dominion of the world of things. Max Horkheimer , “The End of Reason,” The Essential Frankfurt School Reader (1982), p. 43 You who suffer because you love, love still more. To die of love is to live by it. Love! A dark and starry transfiguration is mingled with that torment. There is ecstacy in the agony. Les Misérables (1862) by Victor Hugo , Book V - An End Unlike the Beginning, Ch. IV - A Heart Beneath A Stone Love each other dearly always. There is scarcely anything else in the world but that: to love one another. Jean Valjean in Les Misérables (1862) by Victor Hugo , Book IX - Supreme Shadow, Supreme Dawn, Ch. V - Night Behind Which Is Dawn Aimer, c'est agir To love is to act Victor Hugo , Last words of his diary, written two weeks before his death. Victor Hugo complete writings, Jean-Jacques Pauvert , editor, 1970 I[ edit ] Love is natural. Back of all ceremony burns and will forever burn the sacred flame. There has been no time in the world's history when that torch was extinguished. In all ages, in all climes, among all people, there has been true, pure, and unselfish love. ~ Robert G. Ingersoll Hold the person that you love closely if they're next to you, the one you love, not the person that'll simply have sex with you. Immortal Technique , "You Never Know", Revolutionary Vol. 2 (2003) Love is the only bow on Life's dark cloud. It is the morning and the evening star. It shines upon the babe, and sheds its radiance on the quiet tomb. It is the mother of art, inspirer of poet, patriot and philosopher. It is the air and light of every heart — builder of every home, kindler of every fire on every hearth. It was the first to dream of immortality. It fills the world with melody — for music is the voice of love. Love is the magician, the enchanter, that changes worthless things to Joy, and makes royal kings and queens of common clay. It is the perfume of that wondrous flower, the heart, and without that sacred passion, that divine swoon, we are less than beasts; but with it, earth is heaven, and we are gods. Robert G. Ingersoll , Orthodoxy, Works, Vol. II (1884), p. 420 Love is natural. Back of all ceremony burns and will forever burn the sacred flame. There has been no time in the world's history when that torch was extinguished. In all ages, in all climes, among all people, there has been true, pure, and unselfish love. J[ edit ] There is no fear in love; but perfect love casteth out fear: because fear hath torment. He that feareth is not made perfect in love. ~ John 4:18 Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart. ~ Steve Jobs The only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking. Don't settle. As with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking. Don’t settle. ~ Steve Jobs All the powers of soul and body, memory , understanding , and will , interior and exterior senses , the desires of spirit and of sense, all work in and by love... ~ John of the Cross --> There is nothing better or more necessary than love. ~ John of the Cross Love loves to love love. ~ James Joyce The ground of mercy is love, and the working of mercy is our keeping in love. ~ Julian of Norwich Love was without beginning, is, and shall be without ending. ~ Julian of Norwich Peace and love are ever in us, being and working; but we be not alway in peace and in love. ~ Julian of Norwich If any such lover be in earth which is continually kept from falling, I know it not: for it was not shewed me. But this was shewed: that in falling and in rising we are ever preciously kept in one Love. ~ Julian of Norwich Our life is all grounded and rooted in love, and without love we may not live. ~ Julian of Norwich Where love rules, there is no will to power; and where power predominates, there love is lacking. The one is the shadow of the other. ~ Carl Jung Just as the Father has loved me, so I have loved you; remain in my love. If you observe my commandments, you will remain in my love, just as I have observed the commandments of the Father and remain in his love. Fac, ut ardeat cor meum in amando Christum Deum, O Mother, fountain of love, make me feel the power of sorrow, that I may grieve with you Grant that my heart may burn in the love of Christ my Lord, that I may greatly please Him. Stabat Mater , authorship unknown, variously attributed to Jacopone da Todi and to Pope Innocent III Better get ready gonna see the light Love, love is the answer and that's all right So don't you give up now so easy to find Just look to your soul and open your mind Tommy James , Eddie Gray and Mike Vale, Crystal Blue Persuasion (1969) Romeo wants Juliet as the filings want the magnet; and if no obstacles intervene he moves towards her by as straight a line as they. But Romeo and Juliet, if a wall be built between them, do not remain idiotically pressing their faces against its opposite sides like the magnet and the filings with the card. Romeo soon finds a circuitous way, by scaling the wall or otherwise, of touching Juliet's lips directly. With the filings the path is fixed; whether it reaches the end depends on accidents. With the lover it is the end which is fixed, the path may be modified indefinitely. William James , The Principles of Psychology (1890), Ch. 1 : The Scope of Psychology If you say that this is absurd, that we cannot be in love with everyone at once, I merely point out to you that, as a matter of fact, certain persons do exist with an enormous capacity for friendship and for taking delight in other people's lives; and that such person know more of truth than if their hearts were not so big. The vice of ordinary Jack and Jill affection is not its intensity, but its exclusions and its jealousies. Leave those out, and you see that the ideal I am holding up before you, however impracticable to-day, yet contains nothing intrinsically absurd. William James , Talks to Teachers on Psychology and to Students on Some of Life's Ideals, 1911 Where your treasure is, there will your heart be also. Jesus Christ in Matthew 6:21 Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind. This is the first and great commandment. And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. On these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets. Jesus Christ in Matthew 24:5 I say unto you, Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, do good to them that hate you, and pray for them which despitefully use you, and persecute you; That ye may be the children of your Father which is in heaven: for he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust. Jesus Christ in Luke 6:34–35 A new commandment I give unto you, That ye love one another; as I have loved you, that ye also love one another. By this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to another. Jesus Christ , in John 13:34-35 My Father is glorified in this, that you keep bearing much fruit and prove yourselves my disciples. Just as the Father has loved me, so I have loved you; remain in my love. If you observe my commandments, you will remain in my love, just as I have observed the commandments of the Father and remain in his love. “These things I have spoken to you, so that my joy may be in you and your joy may be made full. This is my commandment, that you love one another just as I have loved you. No one has love greater than this, that someone should surrender his life in behalf of his friends. You are my friends if you do what I am commanding you. I no longer call you slaves, because a slave does not know what his master does. But I have called you friends, because I have made known to you all the things I have heard from my Father. Steve Jobs , Stanford University commencement address (12 June 2005) Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don’t lose faith. I’m convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You’ve got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking. Don't settle. As with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking. Don’t settle. At the evening of life, we shall be judged on our love. John of the Cross , reported in the Catechism of the Catholic Church (2002), p. 231 In search of my Love I will go over mountains and strands; I will gather no flowers , I will fear no wild beasts; And pass by the mighty and the frontiers. John of the Cross , Spiritual Canticle of The Soul and The Bridegroom , stanza 28 I have said that God is pleased with nothing but love; but before I explain this, it will be as well to set forth the grounds on which the assertion rests. All our works , and all our labours, how grand soever they may be, are nothing in the sight of God, for we can give Him nothing, neither can we by them fulfil His desire, which is the growth of our soul. As to Himself He desires nothing of this, for He has need of nothing, and so, if He is pleased with anything it is with the growth of the soul ; and as there is no way in which the soul can grow but in becoming in a manner equal to Him, for this reason only is He pleased with our love. It is the property of love to place him who loves on an equality with the object of his love. Hence the soul, because of its perfect love, is called the bride of the Son of God, which signifies equality with Him. In this equality and friendship all things are common, as the Bridegroom Himself said to His disciples: I have called you friends, because all things, whatsoever I have heard of my Father, I have made known to you. John of the Cross , Spiritual Canticle of The Soul and The Bridegroom , Notes to the Stanzas, Note to Stanza 27 My sole occupation is love. All my occupation now is the practice of the love of God , all the powers of soul and body, memory , understanding , and will , interior and exterior senses , the desires of spirit and of sense, all work in and by love. All I do is done in love; all I suffer, I suffer in the sweetness of love. John of the Cross , Spiritual Canticle of The Soul and The Bridegroom , Notes to the Stanzas, Explanation of Stanza 28 part 8 There is nothing better or more necessary than love. John of the Cross , Spiritual Canticle of The Soul and The Bridegroom , Notes to the Stanzas, Note to Stanza, 28 part 1 When the soul, then, in any degree possesses the spirit of solitary love, we must not interfere with it. We should inflict a grievous wrong upon it, and upon the Church also, if we were to occupy it, were it only for a moment, in exterior or active duties, however important they might be. When God Himself adjures all not to waken it from its love, who shall venture to do so, and be blameless? In a word, it is for this love that we are all created. Let those men of zeal, who think by their preaching and exterior works to convert the world, consider that they would be much more edifying to the Church, and more pleasing unto God — setting aside the good example they would give if they would spend at least one half their time in prayer, even though they may have not attained to the state of unitive love. John of the Cross , Spiritual Canticle of The Soul and The Bridegroom , Notes to the Stanzas, Note to Stanza 28 part 3 Love consists not in feeling great things but in having great detachment and in suffering for the Beloved. John of the Cross , The Sayings of Light and Love, Dichos de Luz y Amor, as translated by Kieran Kavanaugh and Otilio Rodriguez (1991) No man hath seen God at any time. If we love one another, God dwelleth in us, and his love is perfected in us. He that loveth not knoweth not God; for God is love. She's the goddess of all things sweaty and sticky. Arthur M. Jolly Cupid (referring to Venus) in The Waiting Room of the Gods (2009) Do you want me to tell you something really subversive? Love is everything it's cracked up to be. That's why people are so cynical about it. . . . It really is worth fighting for, being brave for, risking everything for. And the trouble is, if you don't risk everything, you risk even more. Erica Jong in How to Save Your Own Life (1977) Theodore: No, don’t do this to me. Don’t turn this around on me. You’re the one that’s being selfish. We’re in a relationship. Samantha: But the heart is not like a box that gets filled up. It expands in size the more you love. I’m different from you. This doesn't make me love you anyless, it actually makes me love you more. Theodore: No, that doesn’t make any sense. You’re mine or you’re not mine. Samantha: No, Theodore. I’m yours and I’m not yours. Her (film) written by Spike Jonze Addictions come from shortages in infancy. People try to compensate this way. Alcoholism is generally produced from a shortage in mother's milk. And heroin addiction is usually due to a lack of being, the absence of recognition; the drug fills the emptiness of not being loved. Alejandro Jodorowsky Psychomagic: The Transformative Power of Shamanic Psychotherapy (2010) Love (understood as the desire of good for another) is in fact so unnatural a phenomenon that it can scarcely repeat itself, the soul being unable to become virgin again and not having energy enough to cast itself out again into the ocean of another's soul. Notes (1913) made by James Joyce , for his play Exiles One of his sentences, written two months after his last interview with Mrs. Sinico, read: Love between man and man is impossible because there must not be sexual intercourse and friendship between man and woman is impossible because there must be sexual intercourse. James Joyce , Dubliners (1914), chapter "A Painful Case" Love loves to love love. James Joyce , Ulysses (1946), ch. 12: Cyclops, p. 327 He that made all things for love, by the same love keepeth them, and shall keep them without end. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 8 Love was without beginning, is, and shall be without ending. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 22 Peace and love are ever in us, being and working; but we be not alway in peace and in love. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 39 We give our intent to love and meekness, by the working of mercy and grace we are made all fair and clean. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 40 Truth seeth God , and Wisdom beholdeth God, and of these two cometh the third: that is, a holy marvellous delight in God; which is Love. Where Truth and Wisdom are verily, there is Love verily, coming of them both. And all of God’s making: for He is endless sovereign Truth, endless sovereign Wisdom, endless sovereign Love, unmade; and man’s Soul is a creature in God which hath the same properties made, and evermore it doeth that it was made for: it seeth God, it beholdeth God, and it loveth God. Whereof God enjoyeth in the creature; and the creature in God, endlessly marvelling. In which marvelling he seeth his God, his Lord, his Maker so high, so great, and so good, in comparison with him that is made, that scarcely the creature seemeth ought to the self. But the clarity and the clearness of Truth and Wisdom maketh him to see and to bear witness that he is made for Love, in which God endlessly keepeth him. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 44 The ground of mercy is love, and the working of mercy is our keeping in love. And this was shewed in such manner that I could not have perceived of the part of mercy but as it were alone in love; that is to say, as to my sight. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 48 Mercy is a sweet gracious working in love, mingled with plenteous pity: for mercy worketh in keeping us, and mercy worketh turning to us all things to good. Mercy, by love, suffereth us to fail in measure and in as much as we fail, in so much we fall; and in as much as we fall, in so much we die: for it needs must be that we die in so much as we fail of the sight and feeling of God that is our life. Our failing is dreadful, our falling is shameful, and our dying is sorrowful: but in all this the sweet eye of pity and love is lifted never off us, nor the working of mercy ceaseth. For I beheld the property of mercy, and I beheld the property of grace: which have two manners of working in one love. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 48 Our life is all grounded and rooted in love, and without love we may not live. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 48 Love and Dread are brethren, and they are rooted in us by the Goodness of our Maker, and they shall never be taken from us without end. We have of nature to love and we have of grace to love: and we have of nature to dread and we have of grace to dread. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 70 All that is contrary to love and peace is of the Fiend and of his part. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 77 Where I say that He abideth sorrowfully and moaning, it meaneth all the true feeling that we have in our self, in contrition and compassion, and all sorrowing and moaning that we are not oned with our Lord. And all such that is speedful, it is Christ in us. And though some of us feel it seldom, it passeth never from Christ till what time He hath brought us out of all our woe. For love suffereth never to be without pity. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 80 If any such lover be in earth which is continually kept from falling, I know it not: for it was not shewed me. But this was shewed: that in falling and in rising we are ever preciously kept in one Love. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 82 Charity keepeth us in Faith and Hope , and Hope leadeth us in Charity. And in the end all shall be Charity. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 84 Wouldst thou learn thy Lord’s meaning in this thing? Learn it well: Love was His meaning. Who shewed it thee? Love. What shewed He thee? Love. Wherefore shewed it He? For Love. Hold thee therein and thou shalt learn and know more in the same. But thou shalt never know nor learn therein other thing without end. Thus was I learned that Love was our Lord’s meaning. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 84 I saw full surely that ere God made us He loved us; which love was never slacked, nor ever shall be. And in this love He hath done all His works; and in this love He hath made all things profitable to us; and in this love our life is everlasting. In our making we had beginning; but the love wherein He made us was in Him from without beginning: in which love we have our beginning. And all this shall we see in God, without end. Julian of Norwich , Revelations of Divine Love (c. 1393), Ch. 86 Wo die Liebe herrscht, da gibt es keinen machtwillen, und wo die macht den vorrang hat, da fehlt die Liebe. Das eine ist der Schatten des andern. Translation: Where love rules, there is no will to power; and where power predominates, there love is lacking. The one is the shadow of the other. K[ edit ] The heart unites whatever the mind separates, pushes on beyond the arena of necessity and transmutes the struggle into love. ~ Nikos Kazantzakis Love will come find you Just to remind you [...] See that's the thing about love [...] Then life So you don't give up ~ Alicia Keys Ah Love! could you and I with him conspire To grasp this sorry Scheme of Things entire Would we not shatter it to bits—and then Re-mould it nearer to the Heart's Desire? ~ Omar Khayyam When one has once fully entered the realm of Love, the world — no matter how imperfect — becomes rich and beautiful, it consists solely of opportunities for Love. ~ Søren Kierkegaard What is it that makes a person great, admired by creation, well pleasing in the eyes of God? What is it that makes a person strong, stronger than the whole world; what is it that makes him weak, weaker than a child? What is it that makes a person unwavering, unwavering as a rock; what is it that makes him soft, softer than wax? –It is love! ~ Søren Kierkegaard Above all do not forget your duty to love yourself. ~ Søren Kierkegaard The best and most beautiful things in the world cannot be seen nor even touched, but just felt in the heart.. ~ Helen Keller He has of Heaven's grace a part Who loves, who is beloved in turn. ~ Joyce Kilmer Love is made out of ecstasy and wonder; Love is a poignant and accustomed pain. ~ Joyce Kilmer Tonight the light of love is in your eyes, But will you love me tomorrow? ~ Carole King You've got to get up every morning with a smile on your face And show the world all the love in your heart. ~ Carole King We must discover the power of love, the power, the redemptive power of love. And when we discover that we will be able to make of this old world a new world. We will be able to make men better. Love is the only way. Martin Luther King Hatred paralyzes life; love releases it. Hatred confuses life; love harmonizes it. Hatred darkens life; love illuminates it. ~ Martin Luther King Love is the supreme unifying principle of life. ~ Martin Luther King We must meet hate with love. We must meet physical force with soul force. [...] We must follow nonviolence and love. ~ Martin Luther King Love is understanding, redemptive goodwill for all men, so that you love everybody. ~ Martin Luther King Love is a uniquely portable magic. I don’t think it’s in the stars, but I do believe that blood calls to blood and mind calls to mind and heart to heart. ~ Stephen King Feelings of love and gratitude arise directly and spontaneously in the baby in response to the love and care of his mother. ~ Melanie Klein What brings understanding is love. When your heart is full, then you will listen to the teacher, to the beggar, to the laughter of children, to the rainbow, and to the sorrow of man. Under every stone and leaf, that which is eternal exists. ~ Jiddu Krishnamurti Only the free mind knows what Love is. ~ Jiddu Krishnamurti Conflict is not in the feeling of being in love. The feeling of being in love is utterly without conflict. There is no loss of energy in being in love. ~ Jiddu Krishnamurti You are what you love, not what loves you. "Donald Kaufman" ( Nicolas Cage ) in Adaptation (2001 film) The heart unites whatever the mind separates, pushes on beyond the arena of necessity and transmutes the struggle into love. Nikos Kazantzakis , The Saviors of God (1923), "Italy", Ch. 18, p. 182 I possess no weapon but love. With that I have come to do battle. Help me! When I have fears that I may cease to be Before my pen has glean’d my teeming brain, Before high piled books, in charact’ry, Hold like rich garners the full-ripen’d grain; When I behold, upon the night’s starr’d face, Huge cloudy symbols of a high romance, And think that I may never live to trace Their shadows, with the magic hand of chance; And when I feel, fair creature of an hour! That I shall never look upon thee more, Never have relish in the faery power Of unreflecting love! — then on the shore Of the wide world I stand alone, and think Till Love and Fame to nothingness do sink. A thing of beauty is a joy forever: Its loveliness increases; it will never Pass into nothingness; but still will keep A bower quiet for us, and a sleep Full of sweet dreams, and health, and quiet breathing. John Keats , Endymion (1818), Bk. I, l. 1 Ghosts of melodious prophesyings rave Round every spot where trod Apollo's foot; Bronze clarions awake, and faintly bruit, Where long ago a giant battle was; And, from the turf, a lullaby doth pass In every place where infant Orpheus slept. Feel we these things? — that moment have we stept Into a sort of oneness, and our state Is like a floating spirit's. But there are Richer entanglements, enthralments far More self-destroying, leading, by degrees, To the chief intensity: the crown of these Is made of love and friendship, and sits high Upon the forehead of humanity. John Keats , Endymion (1818), Bk. I, l. 789 Love in a hut, with water and a crust, Is — Love, forgive us! — cinders, ashes, dust. John Keats , Poems (1820), "Lamia", Pt. II, l. 1 And there shall be for thee all soft delight That shadowy thought can win, A bright torch, and a casement ope at night, To let the warm Love in! John Keats , Poems (1820), "Ode to Psyche", st. 5 Ruth is so loyal and gentle-hearted, we cannot help loving her, as she stands with the reapers amid the waving corn. Her beautiful, unselfish spirit shines out like a bright star in the night of a dark and cruel age. Love like Ruth's, love which can rise above conflicting creeds and deep-seated racial prejudices, is hard to find in all the world. Helen Keller , The Story of My Life (1903), Ch. 21 The best and most beautiful things in the world cannot be seen nor even touched, but just felt in the heart. Helen Keller , The Story of My Life (1905), p. 203 Why only hate? Where does love remain? Or at least a little decency toward other people? Friedrich Kellner , diary entry (30 March 1940) Love feels no burden, regards not labors, strives toward more than it attains, argues not of impossibility, since it believes that it may and can do all things. Therefore it avails for all things, and fulfils and accomplishes much where one not a lover falls and lies helpless. Thomas à Kempis (1380-1471), in The Imitation of Christ , pt. 3, ch. 6 (1471) Love will come find you Just to remind you [...] See that's the thing about love [...] Then life Rama Chandra (Bernard White), The Matrix Revolutions Ah Love! could you and I with him conspire To grasp this sorry Scheme of Things entire Would we not shatter it to bits—and then Re-mould it nearer to the Heart's Desire? Omar Khayyam , Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam (1120), Stanza IX. FitzGerald's Trans The resolving of the ethical, is freedom; the negative resolution also has this, but the freedom, blank and bare, is as if tongue-tied, hard to express, and generally has something hard in its nature. Falling in love, however, promptly sets it to music, even if this composition contains a very difficult passage. Soren Kierkegaard, Stages on Life’s Way, Hong p. 111 When one has once fully entered the realm of Love, the world — no matter how imperfect — becomes rich and beautiful, it consists solely of opportunities for Love. Søren Kierkegaard , Works of Love (1847) In order to eliminate misunderstandings, the main point is that marriage is a τέλος , yet not for nature’s striving so that we touch on the meaning of the τέλος in the mysteries, but for the individuality. But if it is a τέλος, it is not something immediate but an act of freedom, and belonging under freedom as it does, the task is actualized only through a resolution. Erotic love or falling in love is altogether immediate; marriage is a resolution; yet falling in love must be taken up into marriage or into the resolution; to will to marry-that is the most immediate of all immediacies must also be the freest resolution, that which is so inexplicable in its immediacy that it must be attributed to a deity must also come about by virtue of deliberation, and such exhaustive deliberation that from it a resolution results. Furthermore, the one must not follow the other; the resolution must not come slinking along behind but must occur simultaneously; both parts must be present in the moment of decision. If deliberation has not exhausted thought, then I make no resolution; I act either on inspiration or on the basis of a whim. Søren Kierkegaard , Stages On Life's Way, 1845, Hong p. 101-102 The eternal fears no future, hopes for no future, but love possesses everything without ceasing, and there is no shadow of variation. As soon as he returns to himself, he understands this no more. He understands what bitter experiences have only all too unforgettably inculcated, the self-accusation, if the past has the kind of claim upon his soul that no repentance can entirely redeem, no trusting in God can entirely wipe out, but only God himself in the inexpressible silence of beatitude. The more of the past a person’s soul can still keep when he is left to himself, the more profound he is. Søren Kierkegaard , Four Upbuilding Discourses, 1844 p. 338 (Eighteen Upbuilding Discourses) Above all do not forget your duty to love yourself. Søren Kierkegaard , Letter to Hans Peter, Kierkegaard's cousin (1848) Oh, can I really believe the poet's tales, that when one first sees the object of one's love, one imagines one has seen her long ago, that all love like all knowledge is remembrance, that love too has its prophecies in the individual. … it seems to me that I should have to possess the beauty of all girls in order to draw out a beauty equal to yours; that I should have to circumnavigate the world in order to find the place I lack and which the deepest mystery of my whole being points towards, and at the next moment you are so near to me, filling my spirit so powerfully that I am transfigured for myself, and feel that it's good to be here. Søren Kierkegaard , On Regine Olsen , (2 February 1839) What is it that makes a person great, admired by creation, well pleasing in the eyes of God? What is it that makes a person strong, stronger than the whole world; what is it that makes him weak, weaker than a child? What is it that makes a person unwavering, unwavering as a rock; what is it that makes him soft, softer than wax? –It is love! What is it that is older than everything? It is love. What is it that outlives everything? It is love. What is it that cannot be taken but itself takes all? It is love. What is it that cannot be given but itself gives all? It is love. What is it that perseveres when everything falls away? It is love. What is it that comforts when all comfort fails? It is love. What is it that endures when everything is changed? It is love. What is it that remains when the imperfect is abolished? It is love. What is it that witnesses when prophecy is silent? It is love. What is it that does not cease when the vision ends? It is love. What is it that sheds light when the dark saying ends? It is love. What is it that gives blessing to the abundance of the gift? It is love. What is it that gives pith to the angel’s words? It is love. What is it that makes the widow’s gift an abundance? It is love. What is it that turns the words of the simple person into wisdom? It is love. What is it that is never changed even though everything is changed? It is love; and that alone is love, that which never becomes something else. It is love! Søren Kierkegaard , Three Upbuilding Discourses , Love Will Hide a Multitude of Sins, p. 55 What is it that is never changed even though everything is changed? It is love. And only that which never becomes something else is love, that which gives away everything and for that reason demands nothing, that which demands nothing and therefore has nothing to lose, that which blesses and blesses when it is cursed, that which loves its neighbor but whose enemy is also its neighbor, that which leaves revenge to the Lord because it takes comfort in the thought that he is even more merciful. Søren Kierkegaard , Three Upbuilding Discourses , Love Will Hide a Multitude of Sins, p. 57 When love lives in the heart, the eye is shut and does not discover the open act of sin, to say nothing of the concealed act … When love lives in the heart, the ear is shut and does not hear what the world says, does not hear the bitterness of blasphemy, because he who says, “you fool”, to his brother is guilty before the council, but he who hears it when it is said to him is not perfect in love. … When rashness lives in the heart, a person is quick to discover the multiplicity of sin, then he understands splendidly a fragmentary utterance, hastily comprehends at a distance something scarcely enunciated. When love lives in the heart, a person understands slowly and does not hear at all words said in haste and does not understand them when repeated because he assigns them good position and a good meaning. He does not understand a long angry and insulting verbal assault, because he is waiting for one more word that will give it meaning. When fear lives in the heart, a person easily discovers the multiplicity of sin, discovers deceit and delusion and disloyalty and scheming, discovers that; Every heart is a net, Every rogue like a child, Every promise like a shadow. But the love that hides a multitude of sins is never deceived. Søren Kierkegaard , Three Upbuilding Discourses , Love Will Hide a Multitude of Sins, p. 60-61 When stinginess lives in the heart, when one gives with one eye and looks with seven to see what one obtains in return one readily discovers the multiplicity of sin. But when love lives in the heart, then the eye is never deceived, because when love gives, it does not watch the gift but keeps its eye on the Lord. When envy lives in the heart, the eye has the power to elicit the impure even from the pure; but when love lives in the heart, the eye has the power to love forth the good in the impure, but his eye sees not the impure but the pure, which it loves, and loves forth by loving it. Yes, there is a power in this world that in its language translates good into evil, but there is power from above that translates evil into good-it is the love that hides a multitude of sins. … When hate lives in the heart, sin is right there at the door of a human being, and the multitude of its cravings is present to him. But when love lives in the heart, then sin flees far away and he does not even catch a glimpse of it. Søren Kierkegaard , Three Upbuilding Discourses , Love Will Hide a Multitude of Sins, p. 61 But with love it is most joyous of all. For there is a love, that blazes up and is forgotten; there is a love that unites and divides -- a love until death. But then -- in death, in death’s decision, there is born a love that does not flame up, that is not equivocal, that is not -- until death, but beyond death, a love that endures. In this love under the pain of the wish, the sufferer is committed to the Good. Oh, you sufferer, whoever you may be, will you then with doubleness of mind seek the relief that temporal existence can give, the relief that permits you to forget your suffering (yes, so you think) but rather that allows you to forget the Eternal! Will you in doubleness of mind despair, because all is lost (yes, so you think) yet with the Eternal all is to be won! Will you in doubleness of mind despair? Have you considered what it is to despair? Alas, it is to deny that God is love! Think that over properly, one who despairs abandons himself (yes, so you think); nay, he abandons God! Oh, weary not your soul with that which is passing and with momentary relief. Grieve not your spirit with forms of comfort which this world affords. Do not in suicidal fashion murder the wish; but rather win the highest by hope, by faith, by love -- as the mightiest of all are able to do: commit yourself to the Good! Søren Kierkegaard , Purity of Heart is to Will One Thing (1847), Steere p. 149-151 Every human being can come to know everything about love, just as every human being can come to know that he, like every human being, is loved by God. Some find this thought adequate for the longest life others find this thought so insignificant ... Søren Kierkegaard , Works of Love (1847), Hong 1995 Princeton University Press p. 364 The intoxication of self-feeling is the most intense, and the height of this intoxication is most admired. Love and friendship are the very height of self-feeling, the I intoxicated in the other-I. The more securely the two I's come together to become one I, the more this united I selfishly cuts itself off from all others. Søren Kierkegaard , Works of Love (1847) Perfection in the object is not perfection in the love. Erotic love is determined by the object; friendship is determined by the object; only love of one’s neighbor is determined by love. Therefore genuine love is recognizable by this, that its object is without any of the more definite qualifications of difference, which means that this love is recognizable only by love. Søren Kierkegaard , Works of Love (1847) Someone absolutely in love does not know whether he is more in love or less in love than others, because anyone who knows that is definitely not absolutely in love. Neither does he know that he is the only person who has truly been in love, because if he knew that, he would not be absolutely in love-and yet he knows that a third party cannot understand him, because a third party will understand him generally in relation to an object of passion but not in relation to the absoluteness of passion. Søren Kierkegaard , Concluding Unscientific Postscript to Philosophical Fragments P. 509 It will be easy for us once we receive the ball of yarn from Ariadne (love) and then go through all the mazes of the labyrinth (life) and kill the monster. But how many are there who plunge into life (the labyrinth) without taking that precaution? Søren Kierkegaard , Journal entry (1 August 1835) For, once he thrilled with high romance And tuned to love his eager voice. Like any cavalier of France He wooed the maiden of his choice. And now deep in his weary heart Are sacred flames that whitely burn. He has of Heaven's grace a part Who loves, who is beloved in turn. Joyce Kilmer , Trees and Other Poems (1914), Delicatessen The song within your heart could never rise Until love bade it spread its wings and soar. Joyce Kilmer , Main Street and Other Poems (1917), In Memory Love is made out of ecstasy and wonder; Love is a poignant and accustomed pain. It is a burst of Heaven-shaking thunder; It is a linnet's fluting after rain. Joyce Kilmer , Main Street and Other Poems (1917), In Memory Tonight You're mine completely, You give your love so sweetly Tonight the light of love is in your eyes, But will you love me tomorrow? I'd like to know that your love Is love I can be sure of, So tell me now and I won't ask again, Will you still love me tomorrow? You've got to get up every morning with a smile on your face And show the world all the love in your heart The people gonna treat you better, You're gonna find, yes you will, That you're beautiful as you feel. If there's any answer, maybe love can end the madness Maybe not, oh, but we can only try. Carole King , Tapestry (1971), Beautiful We must meet hate with love. We must meet physical force with soul force. There is still a voice crying out through the vista of time, saying: "Love your enemies , bless them that curse you , pray for them that despitefully use you." Then, and only then, can you matriculate into the university of eternal life. That same voice cries out in terms lifted to cosmic proportions: "He who lives by the sword will perish by the sword." And history is replete with the bleached bones of nations that failed to follow this command. We must follow nonviolence and love. Martin Luther King, Jr. , “Give Us the Ballot” Address (1957) Delivered at the Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom (Call to Conscience) Washington, D.C. Love is creative, understanding goodwill for all men. It is the refusal to defeat any individual. When you rise to the level of love, of its great beauty and power, you seek only to defeat evil systems. Individuals who happen to be caught up in that system, you love, but you seek to defeat the system. Martin Luther King, Jr. , in "Loving Your Enemies" Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, Montgomery, Alabama, (17 November 1957) But there is another way. And that is to organize mass non-violent resistance based on the principle of love. It seems to me that this is the only way as our eyes look to the future. As we look out across the years and across the generations, let us develop and move right here. We must discover the power of love, the power, the redemptive power of love. And when we discover that we will be able to make of this old world a new world. We will be able to make men better. Love is the only way. Martin Luther King, Jr. , in "Loving Your Enemies" Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, Montgomery, Alabama, (17 November 1957) Love is understanding, redemptive goodwill for all men, so that you love everybody, because God loves them. You refuse to do anything that will defeat an individual, because you have agape in your soul. And here you come to the point that you love the individual who does the evil deed, while hating the deed that the person does. This is what Jesus means when he says, "Love your enemy." This is the way to do it. When the opportunity presents itself when you can defeat your enemy, you must not do it. Martin Luther King, Jr. , Letter from a Birmingham Jail (1963) Hatred paralyzes life; love releases it. Hatred confuses life; love harmonizes it. Hatred darkens life; love illuminates it. Martin Luther King, Jr. , Strength to Love (1963), Last paragraph of section III of Antidotes for fear, page 122 (see link at top of the section) We can no longer afford to worship the God of hate or bow before the altar of retaliation. The oceans of history are made turbulent by the ever-rising tides of hate. History is cluttered with the wreckage of nations and individuals that pursued this self-defeating path of hate. Love is the key to the solution of the problems of the world . Martin Luther King, Jr. , in his Nobel Lecture, delivered in the Auditorium of the University of Oslo at (11 December 1964) Love is basic for the very survival of mankind. I’m convinced that love is the only absolute ultimately; love is the highest good. He who loves has somehow discovered the meaning of ultimate reality. He who hates does not know God; he who hates has no knowledge of God. Love is the supreme unifying principle of life. Martin Luther King, Jr. , Keep Moving From This Mountain , Sermon at Temple Israel of Hollywood (25 February 1965) When love leaves the world , all hearts are still. Tell them of my love and tell them of my pain and tell them of my hope , which still lives. For this is all I have and all I am and all I ask. The heart of a man to the heart of a maid— Light of my tents, be fleet— Morning awaits at the end of the world, And the world is all at our feet. Rudyard Kipling , The Gypsy Trail (1892) The white moth to the closing vine, The bee to the open clover, And the Gypsy blood to the Gypsy blood Ever the wide world over. Rudyard Kipling , The Gypsy Trail (1892) The wild hawk to the wind-swept sky The deer to the wholesome wold; And the heart of a man to the heart of a maid, As it was in the days of old. Rudyard Kipling , The Gypsy Trail (1892) Feelings of love and gratitude arise directly and spontaneously in the baby in response to the love and care of his mother. Melanie Klein (1937, p. 311) as cited in: David Mann (2013) Love and Hate: Psychoanalytic Perspectives. p. 79 Agape's object is always the concrete individual, not some abstraction called humanity. Love of humanity is easy because humanity does not surprise you with inconvenient demands. You never find humanity on your doorstep, stinking and begging. Peter Kreeft , Fundamentals of the Faith: Essays in Christian Apologetics, II.A.30: "Love" [4] What brings understanding is love. When your heart is full, then you will listen to the teacher, to the beggar, to the laughter of children, to the rainbow, and to the sorrow of man. Under every stone and leaf, that which is eternal exists. But we do not know how to look for it. Our minds and hearts are filled with other things than understanding of "what is". Love and mercy, kindliness and generosity do not cause enmity. When you love, you are very near truth. For, love makes for sensitivity, for vulnerability. That which is sensitive is capable of renewal. Then truth will come into being. It cannot come if your mind and heart are burdened, heavy with ignorance and animosity. Jiddu Krishnamurti , "Ninth Talk in Bombay, (14 March 1948) , J.Krishnamurti Online, JKO Serial No. BO48Q1, published in The Collected Works, Vol. IV, p. 200 Learning in the true sense of the word is possible only in that state of attention, in which there is no outer or inner compulsion. Right thinking can come about only when the mind is not enslaved by tradition and memory. It is attention that allows silence to come upon the mind, which is the opening of the door to creation. That is why attention is of the highest importance. Knowledge is necessary at the functional level as a means of cultivating the mind, and not as an end in itself. We are concerned, not with the development of just one capacity, such as that of a mathematician, or a scientist, or a musician, but with the total development of the student as a human being. How is the state of attention to be brought about? It cannot be cultivated through persuasion, comparison, reward or punishment, all of which are forms of coercion. The elimination of fear is the beginning of attention. Fear must exist as long as there is an urge to be or to become, which is the pursuit of success, with all its frustrations and tortuous contradictions. You can teach concentration, but attention cannot be taught just as you cannot possibly teach freedom from fear; but we can begin to discover the causes that produce fear, and in understanding these causes there is the elimination of fear. So attention arises spontaneously when around the student there is an atmosphere of well-being, when he has the feeling of being secure, of being at ease, and is aware of the disinterested action that comes with love. Love does not compare, and so the envy and torture of "becoming" cease. ISBN 978-1577315179 You know, actually we have no love — that is a terrible thing to realize. Actually we have no love; we have sentiment; we have emotionality, sensuality, sexuality; we have remembrances of something which we have thought as love. But actually, brutally, we have no love. Because to have love means no violence, no fear, no competition, no ambition. If you had love you will never say, "This is my family." You may have a family and give them the best you can; but it will not be "your family" which is opposed to the world. If you love, if there is love, there is peace. If you loved, you would educate your child not to be a nationalist, not to have only a technical job and look after his own petty little affairs; you would have no nationality. There would be no divisions of religion, if you loved. But as these things actually exist — not theoretically, but brutally — in this ugly world, it shows that you have no love. Even the love of a mother for her child is not love. If the mother really loved her child, do you think the world would be like this? She would see that he had the right food, the right education, that he was sensitive, that he appreciated beauty, that he was not ambitious, greedy, envious. So the mother, however much she may think she loves her child, does not love the child. So we have not that love. Jiddu Krishnamurti , Varanasi 5th Public Talk (28 November 1964), The Collected Works, Vol. XV Only the free mind knows what Love is. Jiddu Krishnamurti , Speech at the University of California, Berkley, as broadcast by Pacifica Radio (4 January 1969) Can't you fall in love and not have a possessive relationship? I love someone and she loves me and we get married — that is all perfectly straightforward and simple, in that there is no conflict at all. (When I say we get married I might just as well say we decide to live together — don't let's get caught up in words.) Can't one have that without the other, without the tail as it were, necessarily following? Can't two people be in love and both be so intelligent and so sensitive that there is freedom and absence of a centre that makes for conflict? Conflict is not in the feeling of being in love. The feeling of being in love is utterly without conflict. There is no loss of energy in being in love. The loss of energy is in the tail, in everything that follows — jealousy, possessiveness, suspicion, doubt, the fear of losing that love, the constant demand for reassurance and security. Surely it must be possible to function in a sexual relationship with someone you love without the nightmare which usually follows. Of course it is. Jiddu Krishnamurti , Krishnamurti Foundation Trust Bulletin 3 (1969), and Krishnamurti Foundation Trust Bulletin 4, (1969) The whole of Asia believes in reincarnation, in being reborn in another life. When you enquire what it is that is going to be born in the next life, you come up against difficulties. What is it? Yourself? What are you? a lot of words, a lot of opinions, attachments to your possessions, to your furniture, to your conditioning. Is all that, which you call the soul, going to be reborn in the next life? Reincarnation implies that what you are today determines what you will be again in the next life. Therefore behave! — not tomorrow, but today, because what you do today you are going to pay for in the next life. People who believe in reincarnation do not bother about behavior;t all; it is just a matter of belief, which has no value. Incarnate today, afresh not in the next life! Change it now completely, change with great passion, let the mind strip itself of everything, of every conditioning, every knowledge, of everything it thinks is "right" — empty it. Then you will know what dying means; and then you will know what love is. For love is not something of the past, of thought, of culture; it is not pleasure. A mind that has understood the whole movement of thought becomes extraordinarily quiet, absolutely silent. That silence is the beginning of the new. Jiddu Krishnamurti , 6th Public Talk, Saanen (28 July 1970) 'The Mechanical Activity of Thought" in The Impossible Question (1972) Part I, Ch. 6 It is utterly and irrevocably possible to empty all hurts and, therefore, to love, to have compassion. To have compassion means to have passion for all things, not just between two people, but for all human beings, for all things of the earth, the animals, the trees, everything the earth contains. When we have such compassion we will not despoil the earth as we are doing now, and we will have no wars. Jiddu Krishnamurti , Talks in Saanen (1974), p. 71 The only thing that really matters is that there be an action of goodness, love and intelligence in living. Is goodness individual or collective, is love personal or impersonal, is intelligence yours, mine or somebody else? If it is yours or mine then it is not intelligence, or love, or goodness. If goodness is an affair of the individual or of the collective, according to one's particular preference or decision, then it is no longer goodness. Jiddu Krishnamurti , The Urgency of Change (1970), Conversation 5 The very nature of intelligence is sensitivity, and this sensitivity is love. Without this intelligence there can be no compassion. Compassion is not the doing of charitable acts or social reform; it is free from sentiment, romanticism and emotional enthusiasm. It is as strong as death. It is like a great rock, immovable in the midst of confusion, misery and anxiety. Without this compassion no new culture or society can come into being. Compassion and intelligence walk together; they are not separate. Compassion acts through intelligence. It can never act through the intellect. Compassion is the essence of the wholeness of life. Jiddu Krishnamurti , Letters to the Schools (1981, 1985), Vol. I, p. 113 Questioner: Can one love truth without loving man? Can one love man without loving truth? What comes first? Krishnamurti: Love comes first. To love truth, you must know truth. To know truth is to deny truth. What is known is not truth. What is known is already encased in time and ceases to be truth. Truth is an eternal movement, and so cannot be measured in words or in time. It cannot be held in the fist. You cannot love something which you do not know. But truth is not to be found in books, in images, in temples. It is to be found in action, in living. The very search for the unknown is love itself, and you cannot search for the unknowable away from relationship. You cannot search for reality, or for what you will, in isolation. It comes into being only in relationship, only when there is right relationship between man and man. So the love of man is the search for reality. Jiddu Krishnamurti , The Collected Works, Vol. IV, p. 172 Please let us be clear on this point — that you cannot by any process, through any discipline, through any form of meditation, go to truth, God, or whatever name you like to give it. It is much too vast, it cannot possibly be conceived of; no description will cover it, no book can hold it, nor any word contain it. So you cannot by any devious method, by any sacrifice, by any discipline or through any guru, go to it. You must await it, it will come to you, you cannot go to it. That is the fundamental thing one has to understand, that not through any trick of the mind, not through any control, through any virtue, any compulsion, any form of suppression, can the mind possibly go to truth. All that the mind can do is be quiet but not with the intention of receiving it. And that is one of the most difficult things of all because we think truth can be experienced right away through doing certain things. Truth is not to be bought any more than love can be bought. Jiddu Krishnamurti , The Collected Works, Second Talk in Poona (10 September 1958) , J.Krishnamurti Online, JKO Serial No. 580910, Vol. XI, p. 20 We know only fragmentarily this extraordinary thing called life; we have never looked at sorrow, except through the screen of escapes; we have never seen the beauty, the immensity of death, and we know it only through fear and sadness. There can be understanding of life, and of the significance and beauty of death, only when the mind on the instant perceives “what is”.You know, sirs, although we differentiate them, love, death, and sorrow are all the same; because, surely, love, death, and sorrow are the unknowable. The moment you know love, you have ceased to love. Love is beyond time; it has no beginning and no end, whereas knowledge has; and when you say, “I know what love is”, you don’t. You know only a sensation, a stimulus. You know the reaction to love, but that reaction is not love. In the same way, you don’t know what death is. You know only the reactions to death, and you will discover the full depth and significance of death only when the reactions have ceased. Jiddu Krishnamurti , The Collected Works, Vol. XI, p. 288 If you want something very, very badly, let it go free. If it comes back to you, it’s yours forever. If it doesn’t, it was never yours to begin with. ~ Jess Lair rightThe Spirit of Love, wherever it is, is its own Blessing and Happiness because it is the Truth and Reality of God in the Soul , and therefore is in the same Joy of Life and is the same Good to itself, everywhere and on every Occasion. ~ William Law Those that go searching for love only make manifest their own lovelessness, and the loveless never find love, only the loving find love, and they never have to seek for it. ~ D. H. Lawrence TO LOVE is to find pleasure in the happiness of others. ~ Gottfried Leibniz If one loves, one need not have an ideology of love. ~ Bruce Lee The bond between true lovers is as close as we come to what endures forever. ~ Ursula K. Le Guin Love is the answer and you know that for sure. Love is a flower, you got to let it — you got to let it grow. ~ John Lennon I love you, always forever Near and far, close and together Everywhere, I will be with you Everything, I will do for you. ~ Donna Lewis Without love no life left on earth. ~ Donna Lewis Love is the state of enlightenment and enlightenment is the state of love. You can't make any separation between them. Enlightenment is the state of no feelings and pure knowledge and so is love. ~ Barry Long Love is a power, a mighty principle that exists in its own right independent of any individual. Man changes, but the principle of love does not and cannot. Love does not leave men and women. Men and women leave love. ~ Barry Long Love makes its record in deeper colors as we grow out of childhood into manhood. ~ Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Love isn't how you feel. It's what you do. ~ Madeleine L'Engle If you want something very, very badly, let it go free. If it comes back to you, it’s yours forever. If it doesn’t, it was never yours to begin with. Jess Lair, an educator, published this saying In 1969, which he obtained from a junior or senior college student according to the Quote Investigator You may find many a brighter one Than your own rose, but there are none So true to thee, Love. Letitia Elizabeth Landon The London Literary Gazette (5th January 1822) 'Song - Are other eyes beguiling, Love ?' Do any thing but love ; or if thou lovest And art a Woman, hide thy love from him Who thou dost worship ; never let him know How dear he is ; flit like a bird before him, — Lead him from tree to tree, from flower to flower ; But be not won, or thou wilt, like that bird, When caught and caged, be left to pine neglected, And perish in forgetfulness. Letitia Elizabeth Landon The London Literary Gazette (26th April 1823) 'Fragment' Love, thou hast hopes like summers, short and bright, Moments of ecstasy, and maddening dreams, Intense delicious throbs! Letitia Elizabeth Landon , The London Literary Gazette (12th October 1822), 'The Basque Girl and Henri Quatre' I loved him too as woman loves — Reckless of sorrow, sin, or scorn. Letitia Elizabeth Landon , The Improvisatrice (1824), Title poem Love is like the glass, That throws its own rich colour over all, And makes all beautiful. Letitia Elizabeth Landon , The Improvisatrice (1824), 'Roland's Tower' And Love is like the lightning in its might, Winging where least bethought its fiery flight, Melting the blade, despite the scabbard's guard. Letitia Elizabeth Landon , The Golden Violet - The Child of the Sea (1827) And this is Love! Oh! why should woman love; Wasting her dearest feelings, till health, hope, Happiness, are but things of which henceforth She'll only know the name? Letitia Elizabeth Landon , The Improvisatrice (1824), 'Love' What was our parting ?—one wild kiss, How wild I may not say, One long and breathless clasp, and then As life were past away. Letitia Elizabeth Landon , The London Literary Gazette (29th March 1823), 'Song - What was our parting ?—one wild kiss' Love is a pearl of purest hue, But stormy waves are round it; And dearly may a woman rue, The hour that she found it. Letitia Elizabeth Landon , The London Literary Gazette (24th May 1823), 'Inez' Ah! never is that cherished face Banished from its accustomed place— It shines upon my weariest night It leads me on in thickest fight: All that seems most opposed to be Is yet associate with thee— Together life and thee depart, Dream—idol—treasure of my heart. Letitia Elizabeth Landon , Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1834 (1833), 'The Zenana' There are words to paint the misery of love, but none to paint its happiness ; that childish, glad, and confiding time, to which youth gave its buoyancy and hope its colours. Its language repeated, ever seems exaggerated or foolish ; albeit there are none who have not thought such sounds "honey-sweet" in their time. The truth is, we never make for others the allowance we make for ourselves ; and we should deny even our own words, could we hear them spoken by another. Letitia Elizabeth Landon , Francesca Carrara (1834), Vol. I, Chapter 1 Pattern love-letter — " I — I — I — you — you — you ; you — you — you — I — I — I," garnished with loves and doves ad libitum. Letitia Elizabeth Landon The New Monthly Magazine (1834), 'A Calendar of the London Seasons' commencing page 425 These blossoms, gathered in familiar paths, With dear companions now passed out of sight, Shall not be laid upon their graves. They live, Since love is deathless. Pleasure now nor pride Is theirs in mortal wise, but hallowing thoughts Will meet the offering, of so little worth, Wanting the benison death has made divine. Lucy Larcom , Poems (1869), Introductory poem Give in to love, or live in fear. Jonathan Larson , "Another Day", Rent (1996) Well, love is a gift, a lot of people don't remember that. So, you two better brace yourselves for a whole lotta ugly comin' at you from a neverending parade of stupid. "Motormouth Maybelle" Queen Latifah 's character in " Hairspray " (2007) Now the Spirit of Love has this Original. God , as considered in himself in his Holy Being, before any thing is brought forth by him or out of him, is only an eternal Will to all Goodness . This is the one eternal immutable God, that from Eternity to Eternity changeth not, that can be neither more nor less nor any thing else but an eternal Will to all the Goodness that is in himself, and can come from him. The Creation of ever so many Worlds or Systems of Creatures adds nothing to, nor takes any thing from this immutable God. He always was and always will be the same immutable Will to all Goodness. So that as certainly as he is the Creator, so certainly is he the Blesser of every created Thing, and can give nothing but Blessing, Goodness, and Happiness from himself because he has in himself nothing else to give. It is much more possible for the Sun to give forth Darkness, than for God to do, or be, or give forth anything but Blessing and Goodness. Now this is the Ground and Original of the Spirit of Love in the Creature; it is and must be a Will to all Goodness, and you have not the Spirit of Love till you have this Will to all Goodness at all Times and on all Occasions. You may indeed do many Works of Love and delight in them, especially at such Times as they are not inconvenient to you, or contradictory to your State or Temper or Occurrences in Life. But the Spirit of Love is not in you till it is the Spirit of your Life, till you live freely, willingly, and universally according to it. For every Spirit acts with Freedom and Universality according to what it is. It needs no command to live its own Life, or be what it is, no more than you need bid Wrath be wrathful. And therefore when Love is the Spirit of your Life, it will have the Freedom and Universality of a Spirit; it will always live and work in Love, not because of This or That, Here or There, but because the Spirit of Love can only love, wherever it is or goes or whatever is done to it. As the Sparks know no Motion but that of flying upwards, whether it be in the Darkness of the Night or in the Light of the Day, so the Spirit of Love is always in the same Course; it knows no Difference of Time, Place, or Persons, but whether it gives or forgives, bears or forbears, it is equally doing its own delightful Work, equally blessed from itself. For the Spirit of Love, wherever it is, is its own Blessing and Happiness because it is the Truth and Reality of God in the Soul, and therefore is in the same Joy of Life and is the same Good to itself, everywhere and on every Occasion. William Law , The Spirit of Love (1752) The world is wonderful and beautiful and good beyond one's wildest imagination. Never, never, never could one conceive what love is, beforehand, never. Life can be great-quite god-like. It can be so. God be thanked I have proved it. D. H. Lawrence (1885-1930), British author. Letter, 2 June 1912 (published in The Letters of D. H. Lawrence , Vol. 1, ed. by James T. Boulton, 1979). Lawrence wrote the letter after eloping to Germany with Frieda von Richthofen, wife of his old university professor, whom he later married. Those that go searching for love only make manifest their own lovelessness, and the loveless never find love, only the loving find love, and they never have to seek for it. D. H. Lawrence , Search for Love If one loves, one need not have an ideology of love. Bruce Lee , The Warrior Within : The Philosophies of Bruce Lee (1996), p. 64 'Cause all of me Love your curves and all your edges All your perfect imperfections Give your all to me I'll give my all to you You're my end and my beginning John Legend , All of Me (12 August 2013) from the August 2013 album Love in the Future Love doesn't just sit there, like a stone, it has to be made, like bread; re-made all the time, made new. Ursula K. Le Guin , The Lathe of Heaven (1971), Ch. 10 What you love, you will love. What you undertake you will complete. You are a fulfiller of hope; you are to be relied on. But seventeen years give little armor against despair...Consider, Arren. To refuse death is to refuse life. Ursula K. Le Guin , The Tombs of Atuan (1971), Chapter 8, "The Children of the Open Sea" (Ged) All or nothing at all, the true lover says, and that’s the truth of it. My love will never die, he says. He claims eternity. And rightly. How can it die when it’s life itself? What do we know of eternity but the glimpse we get of it when we enter in that bond? Ursula K. Le Guin , The Other Wind (2001), Chapter 1 “Mending the Green Pitcher” (pp. 47-48) The bond between true lovers is as close as we come to what endures forever. Ursula K. Le Guin , The Other Wind (2001), Chapter 4 “Dolphin” (p. 231) A profound love between two people involves, after all, the power and chance of doing profound hurt. Ursula K. Le Guin , The Left Hand of Darkness (1969), Chapter 18 “On the Ice” (p. 249) TO LOVE is to find pleasure in the happiness of others. Gottfried Leibniz , A Dialogue (c. 1696) There's nothing you can do that can't be done Nothing you can sing that can't be sung Nothing you can say but you can learn how to play the game It's easy. John Lennon , in his final fading statement in " Mind Games " on Mind Games (1973) How can I give love when I don't know what it is I'm giving? John Lennon , in" How? " from " Imagine ", (1971) It seems to me like this. It's not a terrible thing — I mean, it may be terrible, but it's not damaging, it's not poisoning, to do without something one really wants. It's not bad to say: My work is not what I really want, I'm capable of doing something bigger. Or I'm a person who needs love, and I'm doing without it. What's terrible is to pretend that the second-rate is the first-rate. To pretend that you don't need love when you do; or you like your work when you know quite well you're capable of better. Anna Wulf, in "Free Women: 2" by Doris Lessing from The Golden Notebook (1962) Say you'll love, love me forever Never stop, not for whatever Near and far and always and Everywhere and everything. I love you, always forever Near and far, close and together Everywhere, I will be with you Everything, I will do for you I love you, always forever Near and far, close and together Everywhere, I will be with you Everything, I will do for you. Without love I mean nothing to you Without love broken in two Without love give me some value some worth Without love no life left on earth. Donna Lewis , Without Love (1996) from the 1996 album Now in a Minute The power of love is a curious thing Make a one man weep, make another man sing Change a hawk to a little white dove More than a feeling that's the power of love Tougher than diamonds, rich like cream Stronger and harder than a bad girl's dream Make a bad one good make a wrong one right Power of love that keeps you home at night Huey Lewis and the News, The Power of Love (1985) You don't need money, don't take fame Don't need no credit card to ride this train It's strong and it's sudden and it's cruel sometimes But it might just save your life That's the power of love Huey Lewis and the News, The Power of Love (1985) Love is so simple and spiritual. It is not related to social status, age, or even sexual identity. He who is enamored of himself will at least have the advantage of being inconvenienced by few rivals. H 10 Variant translation: He who is in love with himself has at least this advantage — he won't encounter many rivals. Georg Christoph Lichtenberg , Aphorisms (1765-1799), Notebook H (1784-1788). This quote comes from Wikiquote's Lichtenberg Aphorisms section which was begun primarily with translations by R. J. Hollingdale , augmented by other sources, including Selected Writings of Georg C. Lichtenberg (1893) edited by Adolf Wilbrandt Love is the closest thing to laughter and the closest thing to tears. Love is the motive power of everything in the universe that has beauty in it. Love is the reason for everything and the reward for everything. It’s always seemed strange to me that we have to use the word love for so many things. And yet when you come to think of it, that’s all right, too, because love is in everything in some form or another. Without it, I imagine the flowers would stop blooming and the sun would stop shining and people would stop laughing, and even the rain wouldn’t fall. So love is always growth. I think if I could have just one word for love—it would be understanding. Love must always be unselfish, and strangely enough, love is the only thing in the world that ever is unselfish. And if it isn’t unselfish, it’s only a counterfeit of love. Harold Lloyd , "What is Love? Twelve Men of the Screen Give Their Ideas". Photoplay, February 1925, p. 36. (Photoplay Publishing Company). [6] I suppose the most radical part of my teaching at present is that love is not a feeling. Everybody suffers from love, or the fear of it, or the lack of it. Why? Why is love so universally and inevitably heart-breaking, whether it be through the end of a love affair, the death of a loved one or being locked in with the habitual casualness or grim indifference of a partner? The answer is because we've been taught and conditioned by the world to believe that love is a feeling. Barry Long , Love is not a feeling ~ The Article by Barry Long, published in What is Enlightenment magazine, Volume 4, Number 2, Summer 1995. Feelings are constantly changing. None is dependable for long. You can love someone intensely today, and tomorrow or next month not feel a thing. Except perhaps for the feeling of doubt or depression that what was so beautiful could change so quickly. Barry Long , Love is not a feeling ~ The Article by Barry Long, published in What is Enlightenment magazine, Volume 4, Number 2, Summer 1995. Love is the state of enlightenment and enlightenment is the state of love. You can't make any separation between them. Enlightenment is the state of no feelings and pure knowledge and so is love. Barry Long , Love is not a feeling ~ The Interview An interview of Barry Long by Hal Blacker, editor of What is Enlightenment magazine, published in What is Enlightenment magazine, Volume 4, Number 2, Summer 1995. Love is the state of enlightenment and enlightenment is the state of love. You can't make any separation between them. Enlightenment is the state of no feelings and pure knowledge and so is love. Barry Long , Love is not a feeling ~ The Interview An interview of Barry Long by Hal Blacker, editor of What is Enlightenment magazine, published in What is Enlightenment magazine, Volume 4, Number 2, Summer 1995. Love is not a feeling; it's a sensation. Drinking water when you're thirsty is a sensation, not a feeling. Being in nature or swimming in the sea is a sensation, not a feeling. Lying down when you're tired is sensational, not a feeling, although you may say it feels good. Feeling is an emotional interpretation of experience and these sensations don't need interpretation; they are just good or right. Making physical love rightly is a sensation, not a feeling. So is the love of God. The same goes for joy and beauty; both are sensational.' Barry Long , Love is not a feeling ~ The Article by Barry Long, published in What is Enlightenment magazine, Volume 4, Number 2, Summer 1995. Love is beyond description; but not beyond demonstrating. Love is beyond the mind because it is always new. Any product of the mind is a reaction of the past, a synthesis of what is old. So the mind is a modifier, a reactor; a renovator, but it cannot create the new. Barry Long , Knowing Yourself: The True in the False (Barry Long Books, 1996) Love is all around you like the air and is the very breath of your being. But you cannot know it, feel its unfeeling touch, until you pause in your busy-ness, are still and poised and empty of your wanting and desiring. When at rest the air is easily offended and will flee even from the fanning of a leaf, as love flees from the first thought. But when the air or love moves of its own accord it is a hurricane that drives all before it. Barry Long , The Way In (2000) Human love is not love. Love is natural to every body but it becomes human love as the person learns from society to confuse love with sex. Barry Long , The Way In (2000) O, there is nothing holier, in this life of ours, than the first consciousness of love,—the first fluttering of its silken wings. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , Hyperion (1839), Book III, Chapter VI Ah, how skillful grows the hand That obeyeth Love's command! It is the heart, and not the brain, That to the highest doth attain, And he who followeth Love's behest Far excelleth all the rest! Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , "The Building of the Ship" in Voices of the Night: The Seaside and the Fireside; and Other Poems (1846), p. 34 That was the first sound in the song of love! Scarce more than silence is, and yet a sound. Hands of invisible spirits touch the strings Of that mysterious instrument, the soul, And play the prelude of our fate. We hear The voice prophetic, and are not alone. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , The Spanish Student (1843), Act I, scene 3, line 109 I love thee, as the good love heaven. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , The Spanish Student (1843), Act I, scene 3, line 146 Love keeps the cold out better than a cloak. It serves for food and raiment. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , The Spanish Student (1843), Act I, scene 5, line 52 How can I tell the signals and the signs By which one heart another heart divines? How can I tell the many thousand ways By which it keeps the secret it betrays? Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , Tales of a Wayside Inn (1863-1874), Part III. Student's Tale. Emma and Eginhard, line 75 Love makes its record in deeper colors as we grow out of childhood into manhood; as the Emperors signed their names in green ink when under age, but when of age, in purple. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , Table-Talk (1857), First published in the Blue and Gold edition of Drift-Wood (1857) Every man feels instinctively that all the beautiful sentiments in the world weigh less than a single lovely action. James Russell Lowell , Literary Essays, vol. II (1870-1890), Rousseau and the Sentimentalists "Love isn't how you feel. It's what you do." Madeleine L'Engle , A Wind in the Door , (1973) The words " God is love" have this deep meaning: that everything that is against love is ultimately doomed and damned. Halford E. Luccock , Keeping Life Out of Confusion Sermon (11 September 1938), as quoted in "Disguised Fascism Seen As A Menace" in The New York Times (12 September 1938), p. 15; also in "Fascism comes wrapped in the flag" (with online facsimile of article) Underneath a starry sky Time was still but hours must really have rushed by I didn't realize But love was in your eyes I really should have gone But love went on and on Love, it's not an emotion — Love is a promise ! ~ Steven Moffat Give love and forget that you gave it. ~ Sun Myung Moon But tell me how it is that she could be so beautiful without any heart at all — without any place even for a heart to live in." "I cannot quite tell," she said; "but I am sure she would not look so beautiful if she did not take means to make herself look more beautiful than she is. And then, you know, you began by being in love with her before you saw her beauty … But the chief thing that makes her beautiful is this: that, although she loves no man, she loves the love of any man; and when she finds one in her power, her desire to bewitch him and gain his love (not for the sake of his love either, but that she may be conscious anew of her own beauty, through the admiration he manifests), makes her very lovely—with a self-destructive beauty... George MacDonald , Phantastes (1858), On the Alder Tree I knew now, that it is by loving, and not by being loved, that one can come nearest the soul of another; yea, that, where two love, it is the loving of each other, and not the being loved by each other, that originates and perfects and assures their blessedness. I knew that love gives to him that loveth, power over any soul beloved, even if that soul know him not, bringing him inwardly close to that spirit; a power that cannot be but for good; for in proportion as selfishness intrudes, the love ceases, and the power which springs therefrom dies. Yet all love will, one day, meet with its return. All true love will, one day, behold its own image in the eyes of the beloved, and be humbly glad. This is possible in the realms of lofty Death . Madonna , Frozen (February 23, 1998) from the album Ray of Light (March 3, 1998) One plus one equals both. Gregory Maguire , Wicked No one is born hating another person because of the colour of his skin, or his background, or his religion. People must learn to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite. Nelson Mandela , Long Walk to Freedom (1995) I will make love my greatest weapon and none on whom I call can defend against its force. My reasoning they may counter; my speech they may distrust; my apparel they may disapprove; my face they may reject; and even my bargains may cause them suspicion; yet my love will melt all hearts liken to the sun whose rays soften the coldest clay. I will greet this day with love in my heart. Og Mandino , The Greatest Salesman in the World (1968), Ch. 9 : The Scroll Marked II, p. 58 Henceforth I will look upon all things with love and I will be born again. I will love the sun for it warms my bones; yet I will love the rain for it cleanses my spirit. I will love the light for it shows me the way; yet I will love the darkness for it shows me the stars. I will welcome happiness because it enlarges my heart; yet I will endure sadness because it opens my soul. I will acknowledge rewards because they are my due; yet I will welcome obstacles because they are my challenge. I will greet this day with love in my heart. Og Mandino , The Greatest Salesman in the World (1968), Ch. 9 : The Scroll Marked II, p. 58 Socrates … said the subtlest thing of all: that the lover was nearer the divine than the beloved. Thomas Mann , Death in Venice, H. Lowe-Porter, trans. (1930), pp. 45-46 Contrary to Pascal 's saying, we don't love qualities, we love persons; sometimes by reason of their defects as well as of their qualities. Jacques Maritain , Reflections on America‎ (1958), p. 20 To him she seemed so beautiful, so seductive, so different from ordinary people, that he could not understand why no one was as disturbed as he by the clicking of her heels on the paving stones, why no one else's heart was wild with the breeze stirred by the sighs of her veils, why everyone did not go mad with the movements of her braid, the flight of her hands, the gold of her laughter. He had not missed a single one of her gestures, not one of the indications of her character, but he did not dare approach her for fear of destroying the spell. Gabriel García Márquez , Love in the Time of Cholera‎ (1985; translated by Alfred A. Knopf, 1988), p. 100 He drew a circle that shut me out — Heretic, rebel, a thing to flout. But Love and I had the wit to win: We drew a circle that took him in. Edwin Markham , "Outwitted", from The Shoes of Happiness, and Other Poems (1913) I am human and I need to be loved Just like everybody else does Johnny Marr and Morrissey , How Soon Is Now? , Hatful of Hollow (1985) Life on earth is a hand-to-hand mortal combat... between the law of love and the law of hate . José Martí , Letter (1881), as quoted in The Conscience of Worms and the Cowardice of Lions : Cuban Politics and Culture in an American Context (1993) by Irving Louis Horowit, p. 11 In the majority of cases which are brought to me as a consulting psychologist for love and marital adjustment, there are self-deceptions to be uncovered as well as attempts to deceive other people. Beneath such love conflicts there is almost always a festering psychological core of dishonesty. William Moulton Martson, Lie Detector Test, p. 119 [7] A male hero, at best, lacks the qualities of maternal love and tenderness which are as essential to a normal child as the breath of life. Suppose your child's ideal becomes a superman who uses his extraordinary power to help the weak. The most important ingredient in the human happiness recipe still is missing-love. It's smart to be strong. It's big to be generous. But it's sissified according to exclusively masculine rules, to be tender, loving affectionate, and alluring. "Aw, that;'s girls stuff!" snorts our young comics reader. "Who wants to be a girl?" And that's the point. Not even girls want to be girls so long as our feminine archetype lacks force, strength, and power. Not wanting to be girls, they don't want to be tender, submissive, peace-loving as good women are. Women's strong qualities have become despised because of their weakness. The obvious remedy is to create a feminine character with all the strength of Superman plus all the allure of a good and beautiful woman. William Moulton Marston The Secret History of Wonder Woman, (2014) by Jill Lepore [8] Love is... born with the pleasure of looking at each other, it is fed with the necessity of seeing each other, it is concluded with the impossibility of separation! José Martí , Amor (1881) Mankind is composed of two sorts of men — those who love and create, and those who hate and destroy. José Martí , "Letter to a Cuban Farmer" (1893) Peoples are made of hate and of love, and more of hate than love. But love, like the sun that it is, sets afire and melts everything. José Martí , My Race (1893), "Mi Raza", first published in Patria (16 April 1893) Full translation online Men of action, above all those whose actions are guided by love, live forever. Other famous men, those of much talk and few deeds, soon evaporate. Action is the dignity of greatness. José Martí , My Race (1893), "Mi Raza", first published in Patria (16 April 1893) Full translation online There is happiness in duty, although it may not seem so. To fulfill one's duty elevates the soul to a state of constant sweetness. Love is the bond between men, the way to teach and the center of the world . José Martí , My Race (1893), "Mi Raza", first published in Patria (16 April 1893) Full translation online I found the greatest love of all inside of me. The greatest love of all is easy to achieve. Learning to love yourself, it is the greatest love of all. Michael Masser and Linda Creed , songwriters of "The Greatest Love of All" The tragedy of love is indifference . W. Somerset Maugham , The Trembling of a Leaf, ch. 4 But when all was said the important thing was to love rather than to be loved. W. Somerset Maugham , [w:Of Human Bondage\|Of Human Bondage]] Ch. 70 There's always one who loves and one who lets himself be loved. W. Somerset Maugham , [w:Of Human Bondage\|Of Human Bondage]], Ch. 71 Life isn't long enough for love and art. W. Somerset Maugham , [w:Of Human Bondage\|Of Human Bondage]], Ch. 21, p. 83 (estimated) We are not the same persons this year as last; nor are those we love. It is a happy chance if we, changing, continue to love a changed person. W. Somerset Maugham , A Writer's Notebook (1946), p. 13 He loved her so passionately he wanted her to be one soul and one body with him; and he was conscious that here, with those deep roots attaching her to the native life, she would always keep something from him. W. Somerset Maugham , Collected short stories 1, "The pool", p. 123 When I fall in love, I feel more valuable and I treat myself with more care. We have all observed the hesitant adolescent, uncertain of himself, who, when he or she falls in love, suddenly walks with a certain inner assuredness and confidence, a mien which seems to say, "You are looking at somebody now." … this inner sense of worth that comes with being in love does not seem to depend essentially on whether the love is returned or not. Rollo May , Love and Will (1969), p. 84 When we "fall" in love, as the expressive verb puts it, the world shakes and changes around us, not only in the way it looks but in our whole experience of what we are doing in the world. Generally, the shaking is consciously felt in its positive aspects … Love is the answer, we sing. … our Western culture seems to be engaged in a romantic — albeit desperate — conspiracy to enforce the illusion that that is all there is to eros. Rollo May , Love and Will (1969), p. 100 To love means to open ourselves to the negative as well as the positive — to grief, sorrow, and disappointment as well as to joy, fulfillment, and an intensity of consciousness we did not know was possible before. Rollo May , Love and Will (1969), p. 100 And in the end the love you take is equal to the love you make. Paul McCartney , in " The End " from Abbey Road (1969) Love is the root of all joy and sorrow. Meister Eckhart , Meister Eckhart’s Sermons , translated into English by Claud Field (1909), Sermon III: The Angel's Greeting All true morality, inward and outward, is comprehended in love, for love is the foundation of all the commandments. All outward morality must be built upon this basis, not on self-interest. As long as man loves something else than God, or outside God, he is not free, because he has not love. Therefore there is no inner freedom which does not manifest itself in works of love. True freedom is the government of nature in and outside man through God; freedom is essential existence unaffected by creatures. But love often begins with fear; fear is the approach to love: fear is like the awl which draws the shoemaker's thread through the leather. Meister Eckhart , Meister Eckhart’s Sermons , translated into English by Claud Field (1909), Sermon VII : Outward and Inward Morality Adultery is the application of democracy to love. H. L. Mencken in A Mencken Chrestomathy (1949) To say that I am made in the image of God is to say that Love is the reason for my existence, for God is love. Love is my true identity. Selflessness is my true self. Love is my true character. Love is my name. Thomas Merton , Seeds of Contemplation (1949) Persons are not known by intellect alone, not by principles alone, but only by love. It is when we love the other, the enemy, that we obtain from God the key to an understanding of who he is, and who we are. It is only this realization that can open to us the real nature of our duty, and of right action. Thomas Merton , in a letter to Dorothy Day (20 December 1961) Love is not all: it is not meat nor drink Nor slumber nor a roof against the rain; Nor yet a floating spar to men that sink And rise and sink and rise and sink again; Love can not fill the thickened lung with breath, Nor clean the blood, nor set the fractured bone; Yet many a man is making friends with death Even as I speak, for lack of love alone. Edna St. Vincent Millay , in "Sonnet XXX" from Fatal Interview (1931) I am bewildered by the death of love. And my responsibility for it. Arthur Miller , Quentin in After the Fall (1964), Act II I saw clearly only when I saw with love. Or can one ever remember love? It's like trying to summon up the smell of roses in a cellar. You might see a rose, but never the perfume. And that's the truth of roses, isn't it? — The perfume? Arthur Miller , Quentin in After the Fall (1964), Act II Love means to look at yourself The way one looks at distant things For you are only one thing among many. And whoever sees that way heals his heart, Without knowing it, from various ills — A bird and a tree say to him: Friend. Czesław Miłosz , Rescue (1945), "The World": Love (1943), trans. Czesŀaw Miŀosz Imparadis'd in one another's arms. John Milton , Paradise Lost (1667; 1674), Book IV, line 50 Hail wedded love, mysterious law, true source Of human offspring. John Milton , Paradise Lost (1667; 1674), Book IV, line 750-751 Freely we serve, Because we freely love, as in our will To love or not; in this we stand or fall. John Milton , Paradise Lost (1667; 1674), Book V, lines 538-540 So dear I love him, that with him all deaths I could endure, without him live no life. John Milton , Paradise Lost (1667; 1674), Book IX, line 832 It is not virtue, wisdom, valour, wit, Strength, comeliness of shape, or amplest merit, That woman's love can win, or long inherit; But what it is, hard is to say, Harder to hit. John Milton , Samson Agonistes (1671), line 1,010 Love would master self; and having made the mastery stretch onward and upward toward infinitude. Donald G. Mitchell , reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 394 Do you know how you make someone into a Dalek ? Subtract Love, add Anger . Steven Moffat , in lines written for Oswin Oswald , in Asylum of the Daleks (1 September 2012) Love, it's not an emotion — Love is a promise ! Steven Moffat , in lines for the Twelfth incarnation of the Doctor in Doctor Who : Death in Heaven (8 November 2014) Give love and forget that you gave it. Love on through all ills, and love on till they die! Thomas Moore , Lalla Rookh (1817), The Light of the Harem, line 653 The hunger for love is much more difficult to remove than the hunger for bread. Mother Teresa , Interview by Edward W. Desmond in TIME magazine (4 December 1989) Love is a fruit in season at all times, and within reach of every hand . Anyone may gather it and no limit is set. Everyone can reach this love through meditation , spirit of prayer , and sacrifice, by an intense inner life . Teresa, Mother ; Dorothy S. Hunt (1987). Love, a fruit always in season: Daily meditations from the words of Mother Teresa of Calcutta . San Francisco, CA: Ignatius Press. ISBN 9780898701678 . Spread love everywhere you go; first of all in your house. Give love to your children, to your wife or husband, to a next door neighbor. Let no one ever come to you without leaving better and happier. Mother Teresa , as quoted in Worldwide Laws of Life : 200 Eternal Spiritual Principles‎ (1998) by John Templeton , p. 448 Don't look for big things, just do small things with great love....The smaller the thing, the greater must be our love. Mother Teresa , as quoted in Mother Teresa : Come Be My Light (2007) by Brian Kolodiejchuk When feudal lords love one another there will be no more war; when heads of houses love one another there will be no more mutual usurpation; when individuals love one another there will be no more mutual injury. When ruler and ruled love each other they will be gracious and loyal; when father and son love each other they will be affectionate and filial; when older and younger brothers love each other they will be harmonious. When all the people in the world love one another, then the strong will not overpower the weak, the many will not oppress the few, the wealthy will not mock the poor, the honoured will not disdain the humble, and the cunning will not deceive the simple. And it is all due to mutual love that calamities, strife, complaints, and hatred are prevented from arising. Therefore the benevolent exalt it. Mozi Book 4; Universal Love II Now, as to universal love and mutual aid, they are beneficial and easy beyond a doubt. It seems to me that the only trouble is that there is no superior who encourages it. If there is a superior who encourages it, promoting it with rewards and commendations, threatening its reverse with punishments, I feel people will tend toward universal love and mutual aid like fire tending upward and water downwards — it will be unpreventable in the world. Mozi Book 4; Universal Love III My love for you is past the mind, beyond my heart, and into my soul. Bessie: I've been lucky to have so much love in my life. Lee: Yes, Marvin and Ruth love you so much. Bessie: No, I’ve been lucky to be able to love them so much. Marvin's Room If we are to express the love in our own hearts, we must also understand what love meant to Socrates and Saint Francis, to Dante and Shakespeare, to Emily Dickinson and Christina Rossetti, to the explorer Shackleton and to the intrepid physicians who deliberately exposed themselves to yellow fever. These historic manifestations of love are not recorded in the day's newspaper or the current radio program: they are hidden to people who possess only fashionable minds. Sir Isaac Newton , A short Schem of the true Religion, Undated manuscript: Keynes Ms. 7: '"A short Schem of the true Religion'" Nothing we do, however virtuous, can be accomplished alone; therefore, we are saved by love. No virtuous act is quite as virtuous from the standpoint of our friend or foe as from our own; therefore, we are saved by the final form of love, which is forgiveness. Reinhold Niebuhr , The Irony of American History, Charles Scribner’s Sons (1952) Why is love intensified by absence? Audrey Niffenegger , The Time Traveler's Wife If only we could all escape from this house of incest, where we only love ourselves in the other, if only I could save you all from yourselves. Anaïs Nin , House of Incest (1936) Love reduces the complexity of living. Anaïs Nin , in June 1932 entry in her journal; published in Henry and June : from a journal of love : the Unexpurgated Diary of Anaïs Nin (1990), p. 178 You cannot save people, you can only love them. Anaïs Nin , The Diary Of Anais Nin, Volume Two (1934-1939) Someday I'll be locked up for love insanity. "She loved too much." Anaïs Nin , The Diary Of Anais Nin, Volume Two (1934-1939) Oh, God, I know no joy as great as a moment of rushing into a new love, no ecstasy like that of a new love. I swim in the sky; I float; my body is full of flowers, flowers with fingers giving me acute, acute caresses, sparks, jewels, quivers of joy, dizziness, such dizziness. Music inside of one, drunkenness. Only closing the eyes and remembering, and the hunger, the hunger for more, more, the great hunger, the voracious hunger, and thirst. Anaïs Nin (30 May 1934), in The Diary Of Anais Nin, Volume Two (1934-1939) No one but a woman in love ever sees the maximum of men's greatness . Anaïs Nin (18 June 1934), in The Diary Of Anais Nin, Volume Two (1934-1939) Love is the axis and breath of my life. The art I produce is a byproduct, an excrescence of love, the song I sing, the joy which must explode, the overabundance — that is all! Anaïs Nin (21 October 1934), in The Diary Of Anais Nin, Volume Two (1934-1939) You are like a person who consumes herself in love and giving and does not know the miracles that are born of this. Anaïs Nin , A Spy in the House of Love (1954) The enemy of a love is never outside, it's not a man or woman, it's what we lack in ourselves. Anaïs Nin , A Spy in the House of Love (1954) I think that natural truths will cease to be spat at us like insults, that aesthetics will once more be linked with ethics, and that people will become aware that in casting out aesthetics that they also cast out a respect for human life, a respect for creation, a respect for spiritual values. Aesthetics was an expression of man's need to be in love with his world. The cult of ugliness is a regression. It destroys our appetite, our love for our world. Anaïs Nin , The Novel of the Future (1969) Anxiety is love's greatest killer. It makes one feel as you might when a drowning man holds unto you. You want to save him, but you know he will strangle you with his panic. Anaïs Nin , as quoted in French Writers of the Past (2000) by Carol A. Dingle, p. 126 A heart can no more be forced to love than a stomach can be forced to digest food by persuasion. Every beloved object is the center point of a paradise. Novalis , Blüthenstaub-Fragmente (1798), Fragment No. 51; Jeder geliebte Gegenstand ist der Mittelpunkt eines Paradieses. Variant translations: Every beloved object is the centre of a Paradise. As quoted by Thomas Carlyle in "Novalis" (1829) Every beloved object is the midpoint to paradise. Love works magic. It is the final purpose Of the world story, We have come by curious ways To the Light that holds the days; We have sought in haunts of fear For that all-enfolding sphere: And lo! it was not far, but near. We have found, O foolish-fond, The shore that has no shore beyond. Deep in every heart it lies With its untranscended skies; For what heaven should bend above Hearts that own the heaven of love? Alfred Noyes , The Flower of Old Japan and Other Poems (1907), The Flower of Old Japan, Epilogue Your dreamers may dream it The shadow of a dream, Your sages may deem it A bubble on the stream; Yet our kingdom draweth nigher With each dawn and every day, Through the earthquake and the fire "Love will find out the way." Alfred Noyes , Drake, an English Epic (1908), Song, Book VIII, p. 146 Heart of my heart, the world is young; Love lies hidden in every rose! Every song that the skylark sung Once, we thought, must come to a close: Now we know the spirit of song, Song that is merged in the chant of the whole, Hand in hand as we wander along, What should we doubt of the years that roll? Alfred Noyes , Unity, § I, Unity, § I Heart of my heart, we are one with the wind, One with the clouds that are whirled o'er the lea, One in many, O broken and blind, One as the waves are at one with the sea! Ay! when life seems scattered apart, Darkens, ends as a tale that is told, One, we are one, O heart of my heart, One, still one, while the world grows old. Alfred Noyes , Unity, § I, Unity, § III Your God still walks in Eden, between the ancient trees, Where Youth and Love go wading through pools of primroses. And this is the sign we bring you, before the darkness fall, That Spring is risen, is risen again, That Life is risen, is risen again, That Love is risen, is risen again, and Love is Lord of all. Alfred Noyes , The Lord of Misrule and Other Poems (1915), The Lord of Misrule If you want to be loved, be lovable. ~ Ovid Let love steal in disguised as friendship. ~ Ovid Nobody can teach you love. Love you have to find yourself, within your being, by raising your consciousness to higher levels. And when love comes, there is no question of responsibility. You do things because you enjoy doing them for the person you love. You are not obliging the person, you are not even wanting anything in return, not even gratitude. On the contrary, you are grateful that the person has allowed you to do something for him. It was your joy, sheer joy. Love knows nothing of responsibility. It does many things, it is very creative; it shares all that it has, but it is not a responsibility, remember. Responsibility is an ugly word in comparison to love. Love is natural. Responsibility is created by the cunning priests, politicians who want to dominate you in the name of God, in the name of the nation, in the name of family, in the name of religion -- any fiction will do. But they don't talk about love. On the contrary, they are all against love, because love is unable to be controlled by them. A man of love acts out of his own heart, not according to any moral code. A man of love will not join the army because it is his responsibility to fight for his nation. A man of love will say there are no nations, and there is no question of any fight. Osho Sat Chit Anand Every lover is a soldier. (Love is a warfare). Ovid , Amorum (16 BC), I. 9. 1 Qui non vult fieri desidiosus, amet. Let the man who does not wish to be idle, fall in love. Ovid , Amorum (16 BC), I. 9. 46 Sic ego nec sine te nec tecum vivere possum Et videor voti nescius esse mei. Thus I am not able to exist either with you or without you; and I seem not to know my own wishes. Ovid , Amorum (16 BC), Book III. 10. 39 Qui finem quaeris amoris/Cedit amor rebus; res age, tutus eris. Love yields to business. If you seek a way out of love, be busy; you'll be safe then. Ovid , Remedia Amoris, 143 If you want to be loved, be lovable. Variant: To be loved, be lovable. Ovid , Ars Amatoria (The Art of Love), II, 107 Intret amicitiae nomine tectus amor. Let love steal in disguised as friendship. Variant: Love will enter cloaked in friendship's name. Context: Cool off; don't let her think you too importunate. Do not betray the hope of too swift a victory; let Love steal in disguised as Friendship. I've often seen a woman thus disarmed, and friendship ripen into love. Ovid , The Art of Love, Book 1, line 720, translated by J. Lewis May in The Love Books of Ovid, 1930 Blaise Pascal , Pensées , Section I Thoughts on Mind and Style (1-59), 14 Le cœur a ses raisons, que la raison ne connaît point. On le sent en mille choses. C'est le cœur qui sent Dieu, et non la raison. Voilà ce que c'est que la foi parfaite, Dieu sensible au cœur. The heart has its reasons, which Reason does not know. We feel it in a thousand things. It is the heart which feels God, and not Reason. This, then, is perfect faith: God felt in the heart. Blaise Pascal , Pensées , Section IV On the Means of the Belief (242-290), 277 ; The first sentence is widely quoted in English as "The heart has its reasons which reason knows not of." Also as "'The heart has its reasons, which reason does not know." Variant translations: The heart has its reasons, of which reason knows nothing. We find this in a thousand instances. It is the heart which feels God, and not the reasoning powers. And this is faith made perfect : — God realized by feeling in the heart. Though I speak with the tongues of men and of angels, but have not love, I have become sounding brass or a clanging cymbal. And though I have the gift of prophecy, and understand all mysteries and all knowledge, and though I have all faith, so that I could remove mountains, but have not love, I am nothing. And though I bestow all my goods to feed the poor, and though I give my body to be burned, but have not love, it profits me nothing. Love suffers long and is kind; love does not envy; love does not parade itself, is not puffed up; does not behave rudely, does not seek its own, is not provoked, thinks no evil; does not rejoice in iniquity, but rejoices in the truth; bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things. Love never fails. But whether there are prophecies, they will fail; whether there are tongues, they will cease; whether there is knowledge, it will vanish away. For we know in part and we prophesy in part. But when that which is perfect has come, then that which is in part will be done away. When I was a child, I spoke as a child, I understood as a child, I thought as a child; but when I became a man, I put away childish things. For now we see in a mirror, dimly, but then face to face. Now I know in part, but then I shall know just as I also am known. And now abide faith, hope, love, these three; but the greatest of these is love. Paul of Tarsus , I Corinthians Ch. 13 (NKJV) Variant translation: Love is patient, love is kind, it does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud, it is not rude, it is not self seeking. It is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrong. Love does not delight in evil, but rejoices in the truth. It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, always perservers. Love never fails. 1 Corinthians 13:4-8 The three most important things to have are faith, hope and love. But the greatest of them is love. Paul of Tarsus , in 1 Corinthians 13:13 (New International Readers Version) Let no debt remain outstanding, except the continuing debt to love one another, for whoever loves others has fulfilled the law. The commandments, “You shall not commit adultery,” “You shall not murder,” “You shall not steal,” “You shall not covet,” and whatever other command there may be, are summed up in this one command: “Love your neighbor as yourself.” Love does no harm to a neighbor. Therefore love is the fulfillment of the law. Love is the cheapest of religions. Cesare Pavese , This Business of Living, 1939-12-21 Over the mountains, Edgar Allan Poe , "The Philosophy of Composition" (published 1846) How vast a memory has Love! Alexander Pope , "Sappho to Phaon", line 52 (1712) Love seldom haunts the breast where learning lies, And Venus sets ere Mercury can rise. Alexander Pope , "The Wife of Bath her Prologue, from Chaucer" (c.1704, published 1713), line 369 Curse on all laws but those which love has made. Alexander Pope , Eloisa to Abelard (1717), line 74 Fame, wealth, and honour! what are you to Love? Alexander Pope , Eloisa to Abelard (1717), line 77 Not grace, or zeal, love only was my call, And if I lose thy love, I lose my all. Alexander Pope , Eloisa to Abelard (1717), line 177 Of all affliction taught a lover yet, 'Tis true the hardest science to forget. Alexander Pope , Eloisa to Abelard (1717), line 189 One thought of thee puts all the pomp to flight; Priests, tapers, temples, swim before my sight. Alexander Pope , Eloisa to Abelard (1717), line 273 When the heart stops for one beat it is desire, when it stops for one life time it is love Lucy Powell, The Heart Yearns But Once (2004) In all of nature, a male belongs to a female that he fancies and who fancies him. And so among the animals there are no idiots. But with us!... I'm a Jew , so I musn't love a Christian woman... He's a merchant, so he's got no right to a countess... And you who've got no money, you've no rights to any woman at all... Kissing Agathon, I held my life on my lips. It wanted to pass over, poor thing, into him. The good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge ~ Bertrand Russell Boys and girls should be taught respect for each other's liberty... and that jealousy and possessiveness kill love. ~ Bertrand Russell Love is our response to our highest values. Ayn Rand , Atlas Shrugged (1957) Love is the expression of one's values, the greatest reward you can earn for the moral qualities you have achieved in your character and person, the emotional price paid by one man for the joy he receives from the virtues of another. Ayn Rand , Atlas Shrugged (1957) "Love is blind, they say; sex is impervious to reason and mocks the power of all philosophers. But, in fact, a man's sexual choice is the result and the sum of his fundamental convictions. Tell me what a man finds sexually attractive and I will tell you his entire philosophy of life. Show me the woman he sleeps with and I will tell you his valuation of himself... The man who is proudly certain of his own value, will want the highest type of woman he can find, the woman he admires, the strongest, the hardest to conquer—because only the possession of a heroine will give him the sense of an achievement, not the possession of a brainless slut." Francisco d'Anconia in Ayn Rand , Atlas Shrugged (1957), Part Two: Either-Or, Chapter Four: The Sanction of the Victim "Let a man corrupt his values and his view of existence, let him profess that love is not self-enjoyment but self-denial, that virtue consists, not of pride, but of pity or pain or weakness or sacrifice, that the noblest love is born, not of admiration, but of charity, not in response to values, but in response to flaws—and he will have cut himself in two. His body will not obey him, it will not respond, it will make him impotent toward the woman he professes to love and draw him to the lowest type of whore he can find. His body will always follow the ultimate logic of his deepest convictions; if he believes that flaws are values, he has damned existence as evil and only the evil will attract him. He has damned himself and he will feel that depravity is all he is worthy of enjoying." Francisco d'Anconia in Ayn Rand , Atlas Shrugged (1957), Part Two: Either-Or, Chapter Four: The Sanction of the Victim One can't love man without hating most of the creatures who pretend to bear his name. Ayn Rand , The Fountainhead (1943) "We never need to say anything to each other when we're together. This is- for the time when we won't be together. I love you, Dominique. As selfishly as the fact that I exist. As selfishly as my lungs breath air. I breathe for my own necessity, for the fuel of my body, for my survival. I've given you not my sacrifice or my pity, but my ego and my naked need. This is the only way you can wish to be loved. This is the only way I can want you to love me. If you married me now, I would become your whole existence. But I would not want you then. You would not want yourself-and so you would not love me long. To say 'I love you' one must first know how to say the 'I'. The kind of surrender I could have from you now would give me nothing but an empty hulk. If I demanded it, I'd destroy you. That's why I won't stop you. I'll let you go to your husband. I don't know how I'll live through tonight, but I will. I want you whole, as I am, as you'll remain in the battle you've chosen. A battle is never selfless. [...] You must learn not to be afraid of the world. Not to be held by it as you are now. Never to be hurt by it as you were in that courtroom. I must let you learn it. I can't help you. You must find your own way. When you have, you'll come back to me. They won't destroy me, Dominique. And they won't destroy you. You'll win, because you've chosen the hardest way of fighting for your freedom from the world. I'll wait for you. I love you. I'm saying this now for all the years we'll have to wait. I love you, Dominique." Howard Roark in Ayn Rand 's The Fountainhead (1943), Part II "...love is reverence, and worship, and glory, and the upward glance. Not a bandage for dirty sores. But they don't know it. Those who speak of love most promiscuously are the ones who've never felt it. They make some sort of feeble stew out of sympathy, compassion, contempt and general indifference, and they call it love. Once you've felt what it means to love as you and I know it--the total passion for the total height--you're incapable of anything less." Gail Wynand, speaking to Dominique Keating in Ayn Rand 's The Fountainhead (1943), Part III "...love is exception-making." Gail Wynand, in Ayn Rand 's The Fountainhead (1943), Part IV To get things done, you must love the doing, not the secondary consequences. The work, not the people. Your own action, not any possible object of your charity. Howard Roark in Ayn Rand 's The Fountainhead (1943), Part IV, p. 578 "What you feel in the presence of a thing you admire is just one word--'Yes.' The affirmation, the acceptance, the sign of admittance. And that 'Yes' is more than an answer to one thing, it's a kind of 'Amen' to life, to the earth that holds this thing, to the thought that created it, to yourself for being able to see it. But the ability to say 'Yes' or 'No' is the essence of all ownership. It's your ownership of your own ego. Your soul, if you wish. Your soul has a single basic function--the act of valuing. 'Yes' or 'No,' 'I wish' or 'I do not wish.' You can't say 'Yes' without saying 'I." There's no affirmation without the one who affirms. In this sense, everything to which you grant your love is yours. [...] "Howard, that 'Yes'--once granted, can it be withdrawn?" "Never." Ayn Rand , Apollo and Dionysus (1969) [The hippies] were told that love - indiscriminate love for one's fellow man - is the highest virtue, and they obeyed. They were told that the merging of one's self with a herd, tribe, or community is the noblest way for a man to live, and they obeyed. There isn't a philosophical idea of today's establishment which they have not accepted, which they do not share. When they discovered this philosophy did not work, because in fact it cannot work, the hippies had neither the wit nor the courage to challenge it. They found, instead, an outlet for their impotent frustration by accusing their elders of hypocrisy, as if hypocrisy were the only obstacle to the realization of their dreams. And, left blindly, helplessly lobotomized in the face of an inexplicable reality that is not amenable to their feelings, they have no recourse but the shouting of obscenities at anything that frustrates their whims; at man, or at the rainy sky, indiscriminately, with no concept of the difference. It is typical of today's culture that the proponents of seething, raging hostility are taken as advocates of love. Ayn Rand , Apollo and Dionysus (1969) Liebe, Arbeit und Wissen sind die Quellen unseres Lebens. Sie sollen es auch regieren. Love, work and knowledge are the well-springs of our life . They should also govern it. Wilhelm Reich 's personal motto, the English translation used at least as early as The Function of the Orgasm (1948), a translation of Die Funktion des Orgasmus (1927) Psychic health depends on orgastic potency, i.e., upon the degree to which one can surrender to and experience the climax of excitation in the natural sexual act. It is founded upon the healthy character attitude of the individual's capacity for love. Psychic illnesses are the result of a disturbance of the natural capacity for love. Wilhelm Reich , The Function of the Orgasm (1927), General Survey Only the liberation of the natural capacity for love in human beings can master their sadistic destructiveness. Wilhelm Reich , The Function of the Orgasm (1927), Ch. V : The Development of the Character-Analytic Technique You beg for happiness in life, but security is more important to you, even if it costs you your spine or your life. Your life will be good and secure when aliveness will mean more to you than security; love more than money; your freedom more than party line or public opinion; when your thinking will be in harmony with your feelings; when the teachers of your children will be better paid than the politicians; when you will have more respect for the love between man and woman than for a marriage license. Wilhelm Reich , Listen, Little Man! (1948) Follow the voice of your heart , even if it leads you off the path of timid souls . Do not become hard and embittered, even if life tortures you at times. There is only one thing that counts: to live one's life well and happily... Wilhelm Reich , Listen, Little Man! (1948) In hatred as in love, we grow like the thing we brood upon. What we loathe, we graft into our very soul. Mary Renault , The Mask of Apollo (1966) Love is the garment of knowledge.' Kenneth Rexroth , Eckhart, Brethren of the Free Spiritfrom Communalism: From Its Origins to the Twentieth Century (1974), ch. 4 The holiness of the real Is always there, accessible In total immanence. The nodes Of transcendence coagulate And in the other, the lover. Kenneth Rexroth , In Defense of the Earth (1956) Now I know surely and forever, However much I have blotted our Waking love, its memory is still there. And I know the web, the net, The blind and crippled bird. For then, for One brief instant it was not blind, nor Trapped, not crippled. For one heart beat the Heart was free and moved itself. O love, I who am lost and damned with words, Whose words are a business and an art, I have no words. These words, this poem, this Is all confusion and ignorance. But I know that coached by your sweet heart, My heart beat one free beat and sent Through all my flesh the blood of truth. Tim Robbins , Even Cowgirls Get the Blues (1976) I’m not quite twenty, but, thanks to you, I’ve learned something that many women these days never learn: Prince Charming really is a toad. And the Beautiful Princess has halitosis. The bottom line is that (a) people are never perfect , but love can be, (b) that is the one and only way that the mediocre and the vile can be transformed, and (c) doing that makes it that. Loving makes love. Loving makes itself. We waste time looking for the perfect lover instead of creating the perfect love. Wouldn’t that be the way to make love stay? Tim Robbins , Still Life with Woodpecker (1980), Leigh-Cheri to Bernard, in Phase III, Ch. 46 Love is the ultimate outlaw. It just won’t adhere to any rules . The most any of us can do is to sign on as its accomplice. Instead of vowing to honor and obey , maybe we should swear to aid and abet. That would mean that security is out of the question. The words “make” and “stay” become inappropriate. My love for you has no strings attached. I love you for free. Tim Robbins , Still Life with Woodpecker (1980), Bernard to Leigh-Cheri, in Phase III, Ch. 46 No matter how much others might love you, you can’t love yourself unless you’re in charge of your own actions, and you’ll never take charge as long as you can get away with blaming your shortcomings and misfortunes on your family or society or your race or gender or Satan or whatever… You cannot love someone you do not know -- not unless you water down the definition of love so much that it becomes meaningless. Jane Roberts , The Nature of the Psyche: Its Human Expression, p. 105 * One makes mistakes; that is life . But it is never a mistake to have loved. Romain Rolland , as quoted in On Relationships: A Book for Teenagers (1999) by Kimberly Kirberger A mature person is one who does not think only in absolutes, who is able to be objective even when deeply stirred emotionally, who has learned that there is both good and bad in all people and all things, and who walks humbly and deals charitably with the circumstances of life, knowing that in this world no one is all-knowing and therefore all of us need both love and charity.' Eleanor Roosevelt , You Learn by Living (1960), p. 63 It takes courage to love, but pain through love is the purifying fire which those who love generously know. We all know people who are so much afraid of pain that they shut themselves up like clams in a shell and, giving out nothing, receive nothing and therefore shrink until life is a mere living death. (1 April 1939) Eleanor Roosevelt , My Day (1935 - 1962), Her daily newspaper column (1 April 1939) We love what we love. Reason does not enter into it. In many ways, unwise love is the truest love. Anyone can love a thing because. That's as easy as putting a penny in your pocket. But to love something despite. To know the flaws and love them too. That is rare and pure and perfect. Patrick Rothfuss , The Wise Man's Fear (2011) Love makes you do the wacky. "Willow Rosenberg" (played by Alyson Hannigan ), from Buffy the Vampire Slayer , Season 2, Episode 2, "Some Assembly Required" Love is the ark appointed for the righteous, Which annuls the danger and provides a way of escape. Sell your cleverness and buy bewilderment. Cleverness is mere opinion, bewilderment intuition. Rumi , The Masnavi , Book IV, Story II, as translated in Masnavi I Ma'navi : The Spiritual Couplets of Maulána Jalálu-'d-Dín Muhammad Rúmí (1898) by Edward Henry Whinfield Variant: Sell your cleverness and buy bewilderment. Cleverness is mere opinion, bewilderment is intuition. As quoted in The Perennial Philosophy (1945) by Aldous Huxley Let the beauty of what you love be what you do. Rumi as quoted in Path for Greatness : Spiritualty at Work (2000) by Linda J. Ferguson, p. 51 What is the body? That shadow of a shadow of your love, that somehow contains the entire universe. Rumi , "Where are we?" in Ch. 2 : Bewilderment Let the lover be disgraceful, crazy, absent-minded. Someone sober will worry about events going badly. Let the lover be. Rumi , The Essential Rumi (1995), Ch. 4 : Spring Giddiness, p. 46 Gamble everything for love, if you are a true human being. Rumi , The Essential Rumi (1995), "On Gambling" Ch. 18 : The Three Fish, p. 193 Are you fleeing from Love because of a single humiliation? What do you know of Love except the name? Love has a hundred forms of pride and disdain, and is gained by a hundred means of persuasion. Since Love is loyal, it purchases one who is loyal: it has no interest in a disloyal companion. The human being resembles a tree; its root is a covenant with God: that root must be cherished with all one's might. Rumi , Jewels of Remembrance : A Daybook of Spiritual Guidance : Containing 365 Selections from the Wisdom of Rumi (1996) Translated by Camille and Kabir Helminski Come, seek, for search is the foundation of fortune: every success depends upon focusing the heart. Rumi , Jewels of Remembrance : A Daybook of Spiritual Guidance : Containing 365 Selections from the Wisdom of Rumi (1996) Translated by Camille and Kabir Helminski, III, 2302-5 Love rests on no foundation. It is an endless ocean, with no beginning or end. Rumi , Hush Don't Say Anything to God : Passionate Poems of Rumi (1999) as translated by Shahram Shiva This is a gathering of Lovers. In this gathering there is no high, no low, no smart, no ignorant, This gathering is more like a drunken party, full of tricksters, fools, mad men and mad women. This is a gathering of Lovers. Rumi , Hush Don't Say Anything to God : Passionate Poems of Rumi (1999) as translated by Shahram Shiva Love said to me, there is nothing that is not me. Be silent. Rumi , Hush Don't Say Anything to God : Passionate Poems of Rumi (1999) as translated by Shahram Shiva Life and hope for the world are to be found only in the deeds of love. Bertrand Russell , Political Ideals (1917), Chapter V: National Independence and Internationalism Love as a relation between men and women was ruined by the desire to make sure of the legitimacy of children. Bertrand Russell , Marriage and Morals (1929), Ch. 3: The Dominion of the Father I believe myself that romantic love is the source of the most intense delights that life has to offer. In the relation of a man and woman who love each other with passion and imagination and tenderness, there is something of inestimable value, to be ignorant of which is a great misfortune to any human being. Bertrand Russell , Marriage and Morals (1929), Ch. 3: The Dominion of the Father Love is something far more than desire for sexual intercourse; it is the principal means of escape from the loneliness which afflicts most men and women throughout the greater part of their lives. Bertrand Russell , Marriage and Morals (1929), Ch. 9: The Place of Love in Human Life Passionate mutual love while it lasts... breaks down the hard walls of the ego, producing a new being composed of two in one. Nature did not construct human beings to stand alone, since they cannot fulfil her biological purpose except with the help of another; and civilized people cannot fully satisfy their sexual instinct without love... Those who have never known the deep intimacy and the intense companionship of happy mutual love have missed the best thing that life has to give; unconsciously, if not consciously, they feel this, and the resulting disappointment inclines them towards envy, oppression and cruelty. To give due place to passionate love should be therefore a matter which concerns the sociologist, since, if they miss this experience, men and women cannot attain their full stature, and cannot feel towards the rest of the world that kind of generous warmth without which their social activities are pretty sure to be harmful. Bertrand Russell , Marriage and Morals (1929), Ch. 9: The Place of Love in Human Life To fear love is to fear life, and those who fear life are already three parts dead. Bertrand Russell , Marriage and Morals (1929),Ch. 19: Sex and Individual Well-Being [T]he only sex relations that have real value are those in which there is no reticence and in which the whole personality of both becomes merged in a new collective personality. Of all forms of caution, caution in love is perhaps the most fatal to true happiness. Bertrand Russell , The Conquest of Happiness (1930), Ch. 12: Affection I should like to say two things. One intellectual and one moral. The intellectual thing I should want to say to them is this: "When you are studying any matter, or considering any philosophy, ask yourself only: What are the facts, and what is the truth that the facts bear out. Never let yourself be diverted, either by what you wish to believe, or what you think could have beneficent social effects if it were believed; but look only and solely at what are the facts." That is the intellectual thing that I should wish to say. The moral thing I should wish to say to them is very simple; I should say: "Love is wise – Hatred is foolish." In this world, which is getting more and more closely interconnected, we have to learn to tolerate each other. We have to learn to put up with the fact, that some people say things we don't like. We can only live together in that way. But if we are to live together, and not die together, we must learn a kind of charity and a kind of tolerance which is absolutely vital, to the continuation of human life on this planet. Bertrand Russell , Response to the question "Suppose Lord Russell, this film were to be looked at by our descendants, like a dead sea scroll in a thousand years time. What would you think it's worth telling that generation about the life you've lived and the lessons you've learned from it?" in a BBC interview on "Face to Face" (1959) The good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge . Bertrand Russell , What I Believe (1925) At puberty, the elements of an unsuperstitious sexual morality ought to be taught. Boys and girls should be taught that nothing can justify sexual intercourse unless there is mutual inclination... Boys and girls should be taught respect for each other's liberty; they should be made to feel that nothing gives one human being rights over another, and that jealousy and possessiveness kill love. They should be taught that to bring another human being into the world is a very serious matter, only to be undertaken when the child will have a reasonable prospect of health, good surroundings, and parental care. But they should also be taught methods of birth control, so as to insure that children shall only come when they are wanted. Finally, they should be taught the dangers of venereal disease, and the methods of prevention and cure. The increase of human happiness to be expected from sex education on these lines is immeasurable. See also: William Shakespeare quotes about love For small creatures such as we the vastness is bearable only through love. ~ Carl Sagan It's quite a job starting to love somebody. You have to have energy, generosity, blindness. There is even a moment, in the very beginning, when you have to jump across a precipice: if you think about it you don't do it. ~ Jean-Paul Sartre What is life without the radiance of love? ~ Friedrich Schiller Your task is not to seek for love, but merely to seek and find all the barriers within yourself that you have built against it. ~ Helen Schucman How long will I love you? As long as stars are above you And longer if I can. ~ Mike Scott The most important thing in life is to learn how to give out love, and to let it come in. ~ Morrie Schwartz Profound love demands a deep conception and out of this develops reverence for the mystery of life. It brings us close to all beings, to the poorest and smallest as well as all others. ~ Albert Schweitzer Love means never having to say you're sorry. ~ Erich Segal If you want to be loved, love. ~ Seneca the Elder Love looks not with the eyes, but with the mind, And therefore is wing'd Cupid painted blind. ~ William Shakespeare Love is a simple thing and a deep thing: it is an act of life and not an illusion. Art is an illusion. ~ George Bernard Shaw All love is sweet We are in Love’s hand to-day. ~ Algernon Charles Swinburne We, drinking love at the furthest springs, Covered with love as a covering tree, We had grown as gods, as the gods above, Filled from the heart to the lips with love, Held fast in his hands, clothed warm with his wings, O love, my love, had you loved but me! ~ Algernon Charles Swinburne The loves and hours of the life of a man, They are swift and sad, being born of the sea. ~ Algernon Charles Swinburne For small creatures such as we the vastness is bearable only through love. Contact : a novel. New York: Simon and Schuster. 1985. LCC PS3569.A287 C6 1985 . ISBN 0671434004 . , Chapter 24 (p. 430) from the mass market paperback edition published by Pocket Books Love your neighbor as yourself but don't take down your fence. Carl Sandburg , The People, Yes (1936), p. 107 You know, it's quite a job starting to love somebody. You have to have energy, generosity, blindness. There is even a moment, in the very beginning, when you have to jump across a precipice: if you think about it you don't do it. Jean-Paul Sartre , The Devil and the Good Lord (1951), Act 1 We will not go to Heaven,Goetz, and even if we both entered it, we would not have eyes to see each other, nor hands to touch each other. Up there, God gets all the attention.... We can only love on this earth and against God. Jean-Paul Sartre , The Devil and the Good Lord (1951), Acts 8 & 9 If you die, I will lie down beside you and I will stay there until the end, without eating or drinking, you will rot in my arms and I will love you as carcass: for you love nothing if you do not love everything. Jean-Paul Sartre , Jean-Paul Sartre , The Devil and the Good Lord (1951), Act 10, sc. 2 I wanted pure love: foolishness; to love one another is to hate a common enemy: I will thus espouse your hatred. I wanted Good: nonsense; on this earth and in these times, Good and Bad are inseparable: I accept to be evil in order to become good. Friedrich Schiller , Don Carlos (1787), Act II, sc. viii The dictates of the heart are the voice of fate. Friedrich Schiller , Wallenstein (1798), Part I - Die Piccolomini (The Piccolomini), Act III, sc. viii O tender yearning, sweet hoping! The golden time of first love! The eye sees the open heaven, The heart is intoxicated with bliss; O that the beautiful time of young love Could remain green forever. Friedrich Schiller , The Song of the Bell (1799) Wouldst thou know thyself, observe the actions of others. Wouldst thou other men know, look thou within thine own heart. Friedrich Schiller , Tabulae Votivae (Votive Tablets) (1796), "The Key"; tr. Edgar Alfred Bowring , The Poems of Schiller, Complete (1851) Variant translation: If you want to know yourself, Just look how others do it; If you want to understand others, Look into your own heart What is life without the radiance of love? Friedrich Schiller , Wallenstein (1798), Act IV, sc. xii, translated by Samuel Taylor Coleridge There are three lessons I would write, — Three words — as with a burning pen, In tracings of eternal light Upon the hearts of men. Have Hope. Though clouds environ now, And gladness hides her face in scorn, Put thou the shadow from thy brow, — No night but hath its morn. Have Faith. Where'er thy bark is driven, — The calm's disport, the tempest's mirth, — Know this: God rules the hosts of heaven, The habitants of earth. Thus grave these lessons on thy soul, — Hope, Faith, and Love, — and thou shalt find Strength when life's surges rudest roll, Light when thou else wert blind. Friedrich Schiller , Hope, Faith, and Love (c. 1786); also known as "The Words of Strength", as translated in The Common School Journal Vol. IX (1847) edited by Horace Mann , p. 386 Sarah: [voiceover] If the people we love are stolen from us, the way to have them live on is to never stop loving them. Buildings burn, people die, but real love is forever. The Crow (1994 film) written by David J. Schow and John Shirley, based on The Crow by James O'Barr Your task is not to seek for love, but merely to seek and find all the barriers within yourself that you have built against it. Jesus' Course in Miracles (2000) by Helen Schucman and William Thetford , Ch. 16 The Forgiveness of Illusions, p. 162 How could I think the brief years were enough To prove the reality of endless love? Delmore Schwartz , in "I am a Book I neither Wrote nor Read" in Selected Poems: Summer Knowledge (1959) The ethic of Reverence for Life is the ethic of Love widened into universality. Albert Schweitzer , Out of My Life and Thought, An Autobiography (1933) translated by C. T. Campion, Epilogue, p. 235 Profound love demands a deep conception and out of this develops reverence for the mystery of life. It brings us close to all beings, to the poorest and smallest as well as all others. Albert Schweitzer , Reverence for Life (1969) How long will I love you? As long as stars are above you And longer if I can How long will I want you? As long as you want me to And longer by far Love means never having to say you're sorry. Erich Segal , screenwriter, Love Story , (1970); dialogue of Oliver Barrett IV (Ryan O'Neal) Si vis amari, ama. If you want to be loved, love. Seneca the Elder , Epistularum Moralium Ad Lucilium, Book 1, IX On a day — alack the day! — Love, whose month is ever May, Spied a blossom passing fair Playing in the wanton air William Shakespeare , Sonnets to Sundry Notes of Music, II. Not to be confused with The Sonnets ; this poem is not a sonnet The course of true love never did run smooth. William Shakespeare , Lysander, A Midsummer Night's Dream (1595), Act I, scene i Love looks not with the eyes, but with the mind, And therefore is wing'd Cupid painted blind. William Shakespeare , Helena, A Midsummer Night's Dream (1595), Act I, scene i Love denied blights the soul we owe to God. The character William Shakespeare (played by Joseph Fiennes) in the 1998 film Shakespeare in Love Love is the only inspiration. Tagline in the 1998 film Shakespeare in Love Love is seeing God in the person next to us, and meditation is seeing God within us. Sri Sri Ravi Shankar , Wisdom for the New Millennium (2005), p. 9 * Love is a simple thing and a deep thing: it is an act of life and not an illusion. Art is an illusion. George Bernard Shaw , Maxims for Revolutionists (1903), #179 THE SERPENT: The voice in the garden is your own voice. ADAM: It is; and it is not. It is something greater than me: I am only a part of it. EVE: The Voice does not tell me not to kill you. Yet I do not want you to die before me. No voice is needed to make me feel that. ADAM [throwing his arm round her shoulder with an expression of anguish]: Oh no: that is plain without any voice. There is something that holds us together, something that has no word — THE SERPENT: Love. Love. Love. ADAM: That is too short a word for so long a thing. George Bernard Shaw , Back to Methuselah (1921), The Serpent, Adam, and Eve, in Pt. I, Act I Love is a simple thing and a deep thing: it is an act of life and not an illusion. Art is an illusion. George Bernard Shaw , Back to Methuselah (1921), Acis, in Pt. V First love is only a little foolishness and a lot of curiosity: no really self-respecting woman would take advantage of it. George Bernard Shaw , John Bull's Other Island, act IV, Selected Plays with Prefaces (1949), vol. 2, p. 596. These words are spoken by Broadbent It is something that grows over time... a true friendship. A feeling in the heart that becomes even stronger through time...The passion of friendship will soon blossom into a righteous power and through it, you'll know which way to go... Yet all love is sweet Given or returned. Common as light is love, And its familiar voice wearies not ever. * * * * * They who inspire it most are fortunate, As I am now: but those who feel it most Are happier still after long sufferings As I shall soon become. Percy Bysshe Shelley , Prometheus Unbound , Asia, Act II, sc. v, l. 39 Familiar acts are beautiful through love. Percy Bysshe Shelley , Prometheus Unbound , The Earth, Act IV, l. 403 Soul meets soul on lovers' lips. Percy Bysshe Shelley , Prometheus Unbound , The Moon , Act IV, l. 451 This is the day, which down the void abysm At the Earth-born’s spell yawns for Heaven’s despotism And Conquest is dragged captive through the deep: Love, from its awful throne of patient power In the wise heart, from the last giddy hour Of dread endurance, from the slippery, steep, And narrow verge of crag-like agony, springs And folds over the world its healing wings. Percy Bysshe Shelley , Prometheus Unbound , Demogorgon, Act IV, l. 554–561 True Love in this differs from gold and clay, That to divide is not to take away. Love is like understanding, that grows bright, Gazing on many truths; 'tis like thy light, Imagination! which from earth and sky, And from the depths of human phantasy, As from a thousand prisms and mirrors, fills The Universe with glorious beams, and kills Error, the worm, with many a sun-like arrow Of its reverberated lightning. Love's very pain is sweet, But its reward is in the world divine Which, if not here, it builds beyond the grave. And bid them love each other and be blest: And leave the troop which errs, and which reproves, And come and be my guest, — for I am Love's. I love Love — though he has wings, And like light can flee, But above all other things, Spirit, I love thee — Thou art love and life! Oh come, Make once more my heart thy home. Percy Bysshe Shelley , Song: Rarely, Rarely, Comest Thou (1821), stanza 8 In proportion to the love existing among men, so will be the community of property and power. Among true and real friends, all is common; and, were ignorance and envy and superstition banished from the world, all mankind would be friends. The only perfect and genuine republic is that which comprehends every living being. Those distinctions which have been artificially set up, of nations, societies, families, and religions, are only general names, expressing the abhorrence and contempt with which men blindly consider their fellowmen. Percy Bysshe Shelley , Essay on Christianity (1859), Unfinished essay (c. 1815), first published in Shelley Memorials: From Authentic Sources (1859) edited by Lady Jane Gibson Shelley; also in The Works of Shelley in Verse and Prose (1880) , edited by H. Buxton Forman. Full essay online You ought to love all mankind; nay, every individual of mankind. You ought not to love the individuals of your domestic circles less, but to love those who exist beyond it more. Once make the feelings of confidence and of affection universal, and the distinctions of property and power will vanish; nor are they to be abolished without substituting something equivalent in mischief to them, until all mankind shall acknowledge an entire community of rights. Percy Bysshe Shelley , Essay on Christianity (1859), Unfinished essay (c. 1815), first published in Shelley Memorials: From Authentic Sources (1859) edited by Lady Jane Gibson Shelley; also in The Works of Shelley in Verse and Prose (1880) , edited by H. Buxton Forman. Full essay online But as a philosopher said, one day after mastering the winds, the waves, the tides and gravity, after all the scientific and technological achievements, we shall harness for God the energies of love. And then, for the second time in the history of the world, man will have discovered fire. Sargent Shriver, Jr. , speech before the Democratic National Committee, accepting nomination as the Democratic candidate for vice president, Washington, D.C. (August 8, 1972). Transcript, The New York Times (August 9, 1972), p. 18. He was slightly paraphrasing Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, "The Evolution of Chastity", Toward the Future, trans. René Hague (1975), p. 86–87: "The day will come when, after harnessing the ether, the winds, the tides, gravitation, we shall harness for God the energies of love. And, on that day, for the second time in the history of the world, man will have discovered fire". This was written in Peking in 1934 The problem is all inside your head, she said to me The answer is easy if you take it logically I'd like to help you in your struggle to be free There must be fifty ways to leave your lover. * She said, why don't we both just sleep on it tonight And I believe, in the morning you'll begin to see the light And then she kissed me and I realized she probably was right There must be fifty ways to leave your lover, fifty ways to leave your lover First thing I remember when you came into my life I said I wanna get that girl, no matter what I do Well I guess I've been in love before and once or twice have been on the floor But I've never loved no-one the way that I love you. Paul Simon , One-Trick Pony (1980), Late in the Evening And she said 'Losing love is like a window in your heart, Everybody sees you're blown apart, Everybody feels the wind blow.' Paul Simon , Surprise (2006), I Don't Believe Take me. I'm an ordinary player in the key of C. And my will was broken by my pride and my vanity. Who's gonna love you when you're looks are gone? God will. Like he waters the flowers on your window sill. Paul Simon , Surprise (2006), Outrageous For true evangelical faith...cannot lay dormant; but manifests itself in all righteousness and works of love; it...clothes the naked; feeds the hungry; consoles the afflicted; shelters the miserable; aids and consoles all the oppressed; returns good for evil; serves those that injure it; prays for those that persecute it. Menno Simons Why I Do Not Cease Teaching and Writing, 1539 All 's fair in love and war. Francis Edward Smedley , Frank Fairlegh : Scenes from the Life of a Private Pupil (1850) To love, and to be loved, is the greatest happiness of existence. Sydney Smith , Lady Holland's Memoir (1855), "Of Friendship" The night has a thousand eyes, and the day but one; Yet the light of the world dies with the dying sun. The mind has a thousand eyes, and the heart but one; yet the light of a whole life dies when love is done. Let him kiss me with the kisses of his mouth— for your love is more delightful than wine. Song of Solomon , New International Version, Song of Solomon 1:2 How delightful is your love, my sister, my bride! How much more pleasing is your love than wine, and the fragrance of your perfume more than any spice! Song of Solomon , New International Version, Song of Solomon 4:10 Eat, friends, and drink; drink your fill of love. Song of Solomon , New International Version, Song of Solomon 5:1 Come, my beloved, let us go to the countryside, let us spend the night in the villages. Let us go early to the vineyards to see if the vines have budded, if their blossoms have opened, and if the pomegranates are in bloom— there I will give you my love. The mandrakes send out their fragrance, and at our door is every delicacy, both new and old, that I have stored up for you, my beloved. Song of Solomon , New International Version, Song of Solomon 7:11-13 Place me like a seal over your heart, like a seal on your arm; for love is as strong as death, its jealousy unyielding as the grave. It burns like blazing fire, like a mighty flame. Many waters cannot quench love; rivers cannot sweep it away. If one were to give all the wealth of one’s house for love, it would be utterly scorned. ** Song of Solomon , New International Version, Song of Solomon 8:6-7 The feeling of love - is a fervent desire of goodness to a man. Simon Soloveychik , Parenting for Everyone (1989) When I saw you, I was afraid of meeting you. When I met you, I was afraid of kissing you. When I kissed you, I was afraid to love you. Now that I love you, I'm afraid of losing you. Silard Somorjay, in "The Voice Of Love" on The Streets of Beijing movie soundtrack, Video Art Beijing The greater the love, the greater the tragedy when it's over. Nicholas Sparks in " Nights in Rodanthe " From what has been said we can clearly understand the nature of Love and Hate. Love is nothing else but pleasure accompanied by the idea of an external cause: Hate is nothing else but pain accompanied by the idea of an external cause. We further see, that he who loves necessarily endeavors to have, and to keep present to him, the object of his love; while he who hates endeavors to remove and destroy the object of his hatred. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 13: Note, Full text online Simply from the fact that we have regarded a thing with the emotion of pleasure or pain, though that thing be not the efficient cause of the emotion, we can either love or hate it. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 15: Corollary, Full text online If we conceive that anyone loves, desires, or hates anything which we ourselves love, desire, or hate, we shall thereupon regard the thing in question with more steadfast love, etc. On the contrary, if we think that anyone shrinks from something that we love, we shall undergo vacillation of the soul. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III : On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 31, Full text online ...it follows that everyone endeavors, as far as possible, to cause others to love what he himself loves, and to hate what he himself hates... Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 31: Corollary, Full text online This endeavor to bring it about, that our own likes and dislikes should meet with universal approval, is really ambition; wherefore we see that everyone by nature desires (appetere), that the rest of mankind should live according to his own individual disposition: when such a desire is equally present in all, everyone stands in everyone else's way, and in wishing to be loved or praised by all, all become mutually hateful. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 31: Note, Full text online When we love a thing similar to ourselves, we endeavor, as far as we can, to bring about that it should love us in return. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 33, Full text online The greater emotion with which we conceive a loved object to be affected toward us, the greater will be our complacency. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 34, Full text online If anyone conceives, that an object of his love joins itself to another with closer bonds of friendship than he himself has attained to, he will be affected with hatred towards the loved object and with envy towards his rival. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 35, Full text online If a man had begun to hate an object of his love, so that love is thoroughly destroyed, he will, causes being equal, regard it with more hatred than if he had never loved it, and his hatred will be in proportion to the strength of his former love. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 38, Full text online He who hates anyone will endeavor to do him an injury, unless he fears that a greater injury will thereby accrue to himself; on the other hand, he who loves anyone will, by the same law, seek to benefit him. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 39 Full text online If anyone conceives that he is loved by another, and believes that he has given no cause for such love, he will love that other in return. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 41, Full text online Hatred is increased by being reciprocated, and can on the other hand be destroyed by love. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 43, Full text online Hatred which is completely vanquished by love passes into love: and love is thereupon greater than if hatred had not preceded it. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 44, Full text online Love or hatred towards a thing, which we conceive to be free, must, other things being similar, be greater than if it were felt towards a thing acting by necessity. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 49, Full text online This pain, accompanied by the idea of our own weakness, is called humility; the pleasure, which springs from the contemplation of ourselves, is called self-love or self-complacency. And inasmuch as this feeling is renewed as often as a man contemplates his own virtues, or his own power of activity, it follows that everyone is fond of narrating his own exploits, and displaying the force both of his body and his mind, and also that, for this reason, men are troublesome to one another. Again, it follows that men are naturally envious, rejoicing in the shortcomings of their equals, and feeling pain at their virtues. For whenever a man conceives his own actions, he is affected with pleasure, in proportion as his actions display more perfection, and he conceives them more distinctly--that is, in proportion as he can distinguish them from others, and regard them as something special. Therefore, a man will take pleasure in contemplating himself, when he contemplates some quality which he denies to others. But if that which he affirms of himself be attributable to the idea of man or animals in general, he will not be so greatly pleased: he will, on the contrary, feel pain, if he conceives that his own actions fall short when compared with those of others. This pain he will endeavor to remove, by putting a wrong construction on the actions of his equals, or by, as far as he can, embellishing his own. It is thus apparent that men are naturally prone to hatred and envy, which latter is fostered by their education. For parents are accustomed to incite their children to virtue solely by the spur of honor and envy, but perhaps, some will scruple to assent to what I have said, because we not seldom admire men's virtues, and venerate their possessors. In order to remove such doubts I append the following corollary. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part III: On the Origin and Nature of the Emotions, Prop. 55: Note, Full text online I have explained the causes of human infirmity and inconstancy, and shown why men do not abide by the precepts of reason. It now remains for me to show what course is marked out for us by reason, which of the emotions are in harmony with the rules of human reason, and which of them are contrary thereto. But, before I begin to prove my Propositions... it is advisable to sketch them briefly in advance... As reason makes no demands contrary to nature, it demands, that every man should love himself, should seek that which is useful to him... everything which really brings man to greater perfection... first, that the foundation of virtue is the endeavor to preserve one's own being, and... happiness consists in man's power of preserving his own being; secondly, that virtue is to be desired for its own sake, and that there is nothing more excellent or more useful to us... thirdly and lastly, that suicides are weak-minded, and are overcome by external causes repugnant to their nature. Further... we can never arrive at doing without all external things for the preservation of our being or living, so as to have no relations with things which are outside ourselves. ...our intellect would be more imperfect, if mind were alone, and could understand nothing besides itself. There are, then, many things outside ourselves, which are useful to us... none can be discerned more excellent, than those which are in entire agreement with our nature. ...if, for example, two individuals of entirely the same nature are united, they form a combination twice as powerful as either of them singly. Therefore, to man there is nothing more useful than man—nothing, I repeat, more excellent for preserving their being can be wished for by men, than that all should so in all points agree, that the minds and bodies of all should form, as it were, one single mind and one single body, and that all should, with one consent, as far as they are able, endeavor to preserve their being, and all with one consent seek what is useful to them all. Hence, men who are governed by reason—that is, who seek what is useful to them in accordance with reason, desire for themselves nothing, which they do not also desire for the rest of mankind, and, consequently, are just, faithful, and honorable in their conduct. ...I have taken this course, in order, if possible, to gain the attention of those who believe, that the principle that every man is bound to seek what is useful for himself is the foundation of impiety, rather than of piety and virtue. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part IV: Of Human Bondage, or the Strength of the Emotions, Prop. 18: Note, Full text online He who lives according to the guidance of reason strives as much as possible to repay the hatred, anger, or contempt of others towards himself with love or generosity. ...hatred is increased by reciprocal hatred, and, on the other hand, can be extinguished by love, so that hatred passes into love. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part IV: Of Human Bondage, or the Strength of the Emotions, Prop. 66, Full text online In so far as men are influenced by envy or any kind of hatred, one towards another, they are at variance, and are therefore to be feared in proportion, as they are more powerful than their fellows. Yet minds are not conquered by force, but by love and high-mindedness. Baruch Spinoza , Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (Ethics Geometrically Demonstrated) (published in 1677), Part IV: Of Human Bondage, or the Strength of the Emotions, Appendix, 10 - 11, Full text online But love, I've come to understand, is more than three words mumbled before bedtime. Love is sustained by action, a pattern of devotion in the things we do for each other every day. Nicholas Sparks in The Wedding In uncertainty I am certain that underneath their topmost layers of frailty men want to be good and want to be loved. Indeed most of their vices are attempted short cuts to love. When a man comes to die, no matter what his talents and influence and genius, if he dies unloved his life must be a failure to him and his dying a cold horror. John Steinbeck in East of Eden In every bit of honest writing in the world … there is a base theme. Try to understand men, if you understand each other you will be kind to each other. Knowing a man well never leads to hate and nearly always leads to love. There are shorter means, many of them. there is writing promoting social change, writing punishing injustice, writing in celebration of heroism, but always that base theme. Try to understand each other. John Steinbeck in East of Eden , Journal entry (1938), quoted in the Introduction to a 1994 edition of Of Mice and Men by Susan Shillinglaw, p. vii Any man who talks about his love affairs thereby proves he is ignorant of love and is moved only by vanity. Stendhal in The Pink and the Green (Le Rose et le Vert, 1837), Ch. 9, translated by Richard Howard. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1988, p. 89 In love, unlike most other passions, the recollection of what you have had and lost is always better than what you can hope for in the future. Stendhal ,De L'Amour (On Love) (1822), Ch. 1 Les plaisirs et les soins de l'ambition la plus heureuse, même du pouvoir sans bornes, ne sont rien auprès du bonheur intime que donnent les relations de tendresse et d'amour. Je suis homme avant d'être prince, et, quand j'ai le bonheur d'aimer, ma maîtresse s'adresse à l'homme et non au prince. The pleasures and the cares of the luckiest ambition, even of limitless power, are nothing next to the intimate happiness that tenderness and love give. I am a man before being a prince, and when I have the good fortune to be in love my mistress addresses a man and not a prince. Stendhal , La Chartreuse de Parme ( The Charterhouse of Parma ) (1839), Ch. 7 So long as we love we serve; so long as we are loved by others, I would almost say that we are indispensable; and no man is useless while he has a friend. Robert Louis Stevenson , "Lay Morals" Ch. 4, in Lay Morals and Other Essays (1911) Falling in love is the one illogical adventure, the one thing of which we are tempted to think as supernatural, in our trite and reasonable world. The effect is out of all proportion with the cause. Two persons, neither of them, it may be, very amiable or very beautiful, meet, speak a little, and look a little into each other's eyes. That has been done a dozen or so of times in the experience of either with no great result. But on this occasion all is different. They fall at once into that state in which another person becomes to us the very gist and centrepoint of God's creation, and demolishes our laborious theories with a smile; in which our ideas are so bound up with the one master-thought that even the trivial cares of our own person become so many acts of devotion, and the love of life itself is translated into a wish to remain in the same world with so precious and desirable a fellow-creature. Robert Louis Stevenson , Virginibus Puerisque, Ch. 3 The cruelest lies are often told in silence. A man may have sat in a room for hours and not opened his teeth, and yet come out of that room a disloyal friend or a vile calumniator. And how many loves have perished because, from pride, or spite, or diffidence, or that unmanly shame which withholds a man from daring to betray emotion, a lover, at the critical point of the relation, has but hung his head and held his tongue? Robert Louis Stevenson , Truth of Intercourse All who have meant good work with their whole hearts, have done good work, although they may die before they have the time to sign it. Every heart that has beat strong and cheerfully has left a hopeful impulse behind it in the world, and bettered the tradition of mankind. Robert Louis Stevenson , Aes Triplex (1878), The Oxford Book of Essays ed. by John Gross (New York: Oxford, 1998) [Title is Latin for "triple brass," used by Horace], p. 316 At the heart of its strength is a weakness: a lone candle can hold it back. Love is more than a candle, love can ignite the stars. Matthew Stover in the Revenge of the Sith novelization There are a great deal of a great many kinds of love. Theodore Sturgeon , More Than Human (1953) Let your love flow out on all living things. These words at some level have the quality of a strapping homily. Nonetheless, they are remarkably beautiful , strung together in their honest lump-like English syllables... Let your love flow out on all living things. But there are a couple of problems with this precept of mine. The first is, of course, that it is not mine. It springs from the universe and is the property of God , and the words have been intercepted — on the wing, so to speak — by such mediators as Lao-tzu , Jesus , Gautama Buddha and thousands upon thousands of lesser prophets , including your narrator, who heard the terrible truth of their drumming somewhere between Baltimore and Wilmington and set them down with the fury of a madman sculpting in stone . The italicized words being quotes of the song " Let Your Love Flow " by Larry E. Williams , as sung by The Bellamy Brothers If love were what the rose is, And I were like the leaf, Our lives would grow together In sad or singing weather, Blown fields or flowerful closes, Green pasture or gray grief; If love were what the rose is, And I were like the leaf. Algernon Charles Swinburne , Poems and Ballads (1866-89), "A Match" Before the beginning of years There came to the making of man Time with a gift of tears, Grief with a glass that ran, Pleasure with pain for leaven, Summer with flowers that fell, Remembrance fallen from heaven, And Madness risen from hell, Strength without hands to smite, Love that endures for a breath; Night, the shadow of light, And Life, the shadow of death. [Algernon Charles Swinburne]], Atalanta in Calydon (1865), Second chorus, lines 1-12 Time found our tired love sleeping, And kissed away his breath; But what should we do weeping, Though light love sleep to death? We have drained his lips at leisure, Till there's not left to drain A single sob of pleasure, A single pulse of pain. [Algernon Charles Swinburne]], Poems and Ballads (1866-89), "Rococo", lines 17-24 Before our lives divide for ever, While time is with us and hands are free, (Time, swift to fasten and swift to sever Hand from hand, as we stand by the sea) I will say no word that a man might say Whose whole life's love goes down in a day; For this could never have been; and never, Though the gods and the years relent, shall be. Is it worth a tear, is it worth an hour, To think of things that are well outworn? Of fruitless husk and fugitive flower, The dream foregone and the deed forborne? Though joy be done with and grief be vain, Time shall not sever us wholly in twain; Earth is not spoilt for a single shower; But the rain has ruined the ungrown corn. In the change of years, in the coil of things, In the clamour and rumour of life to be, We, drinking love at the furthest springs, Covered with love as a covering tree, We had grown as gods, as the gods above, Filled from the heart to the lips with love, Held fast in his hands, clothed warm with his wings, O love, my love, had you loved but me! The loves and hours of the life of a man, They are swift and sad, being born of the sea. Hours that rejoice and regret for a span, Born with a man's breath, mortal as he; Loves that are lost ere they come to birth, Weeds of the wave, without fruit upon earth. I lose what I long for, save what I can, My love, my love, and no love for me! I had grown pure as the dawn and the dew, You had grown strong as the sun or the sea. But none shall triumph a whole life through: For death is one, and the fates are three. At the door of life, by the gate of breath, There are worse things waiting for men than death; Death could not sever my soul and you, As these have severed your soul from me. You have chosen and clung to the chance they sent you, Life sweet as perfume and pure as prayer. But will it not one day in heaven repent you? Will they solace you wholly, the days that were? Will you lift up your eyes between sadness and bliss, Meet mine, and see where the great love is, And tremble and turn and be changed? Content you; The gate is strait; I shall not be there. The pulse of war and passion of wonder, The heavens that murmur, the sounds that shine, The stars that sing and the loves that thunder, The music burning at heart like wine, An armed archangel whose hands raise up All senses mixed in the spirit's cup Till flesh and spirit are molten in sunder — These things are over, and no more mine. These were a part of the playing I heard Once, ere my love and my heart were at strife; Love that sings and hath wings as a bird, Balm of the wound and heft of the knife. Fairer than earth is the sea, and sleep Than overwatching of eyes that weep, Now time has done with his one sweet word, The wine and leaven of lovely life. Our way is where God knows And Love knows where: We are in Love’s hand to-day. [Algernon Charles Swinburne]], Love at Sea With every beat of my heart. ~ Shania Twain Let this be my last word, that I trust in thy love. Rabindranath Tagore , Stray Birds (1916), 326 Want of love is a degree of callousness; for love is the perfection of consciousness. We do not love because we do not comprehend, or rather we do not comprehend because we do not love. For love is the ultimate meaning of everything around us. It is not a mere sentiment; it is truth; it is the joy that is at the root of all creation. It is the white light of pure consciousness that emanates from Brahma. So, to be one with this sarvānubhūh, this all-feeling being who is in the external sky, as well as in our inner soul, we must attain to that summit of consciousness, which is love: Who could have breathed or moved if the sky were not filled with joy, with love? Rabindranath Tagore , Sādhanā : The Realisation of Life (1916) Of course man is useful to man, because his body is a marvellous machine and his mind an organ of wonderful efficiency. But he is a spirit as well, and this spirit is truly known only by love. When we define a man by the market value of the service we can expect of him, we know him imperfectly. With this limited knowledge of him it becomes easy for us to be unjust to him and to entertain feelings of triumphant self-congratulation when, on account of some cruel advantage on our side, we can get out of him much more than we have paid for. But when we know him as a spirit we know him as our own. We at once feel that cruelty to him is cruelty to ourselves, to make him small is stealing from our own humanity... Rabindranath Tagore , Sādhanā : The Realisation of Life (1916) We never can have a true view of man unless we have a love for him. Civilisation must be judged and prized, not by the amount of power it has developed, but by how much it has evolved and given expression to, by its laws and institutions, the love of humanity. The first question and the last which it has to answer is, Whether and how far it recognises man more as a spirit than a machine? Whenever some ancient civilisation fell into decay and died, it was owing to causes which produced callousness of heart and led to the cheapening of man's worth; when either the state or some powerful group of men began to look upon the people as a mere instrument of their power; when, by compelling weaker races to slavery and trying to keep them down by every means, man struck at the foundation of his greatness, his own love of freedom and fair-play. Civilisation can never sustain itself upon cannibalism of any form. For that by which alone man is true can only be nourished by love and justice. Rabindranath Tagore , Sādhanā : The Realisation of Life (1916) In love all the contradictions of existence merge themselves and are lost. Only in love are unity and duality not at variance. Love must be one and two at the same time. Only love is motion and rest in one. Our heart ever changes its place till it finds love, and then it has its rest. But this rest itself is an intense form of activity where utter quiescence and unceasing energy meet at the same point in love. In love, loss and gain are harmonised. In its balance-sheet, credit and debit accounts are in the same column, and gifts are added to gains. In this wonderful festival of creation, this great ceremony of self-sacrifice of God, the lover constantly gives himself up to gain himself in love. Indeed, love is what brings together and inseparably connects both the act of abandoning and that of receiving. Rabindranath Tagore , Sādhanā : The Realisation of Life (1916) In love, at one of its poles you find the personal, and at the other the impersonal. At one you have the positive assertion — Here I am; at the other the equally strong denial — I am not. Without this ego what is love? And again, with only this ego how can love be possible? Bondage and liberation are not antagonistic in love. For love is most free and at the same time most bound. If God were absolutely free there would be no creation. The infinite being has assumed unto himself the mystery of finitude. And in him who is love the finite and the infinite are made one. Rabindranath Tagore , Sādhanā : The Realisation of Life (1916) Compulsion is not indeed the final appeal to man, but joy is. And joy is everywhere; it is in the earth's green covering of grass; in the blue serenity of the sky; in the reckless exuberance of spring; in the severe abstinence of grey winter; in the living flesh that animates our bodily frame; in the perfect poise of the human figure, noble and upright; in living; in the exercise of all our powers; in the acquisition of knowledge; in fighting evils; in dying for gains we never can share. Joy is there everywhere; it is superfluous, unnecessary; nay, it very often contradicts the most peremptory behests of necessity. It exists to show that the bonds of law can only be explained by love; they are like body and soul. Joy is the realisation of the truth of oneness, the oneness of our soul with the world and of the world-soul with the supreme lover. Rabindranath Tagore , Sādhanā : The Realisation of Life (1916) God seeks comrades and claims love, William Makepeace Thackeray, The History of Pendennis (1848-1850), Ch. 40 Wars begin in the minds of men, and in those minds, love and compassion would have built the defenses of peace . U Thant , "Buddhism and the Charter" in Religion and International Affairs (1968) edited by Jeffrey Rose and Michael Ignatieff , p. 114 How come we don't always know when love begins, but we always know when it ends? Harris K. Telemacher ( Steve Martin ) in L. A. Story God gives us love. Something to love He lends us; but when love is grown To ripeness, that on which it throve Falls off, and love is left alone. Alfred Tennyson , To J. S., stanza 4, from Poems (1832) 'Tis better to have loved and lost, Than never to have loved at all. Alfred Tennyson , In Memoriam A.H.H. (1849), Part XXVII, Stanza 4 For love reflects the thing beloved. Love's too precious to be lost, A little grain shall not be spilt. There has fallen a splendid tear From the passion-flower at the gate. She is coming, my dove, my dear; She is coming, my life, my fate; The red rose cries, "She is near, she is near;" And the white rose weeps, "She is late;" The larkspur listens, "I hear; I hear;" And the lily whispers, "I wait." Alfred Tennyson , Maud; A Monodrama (1855), Part XXII, Stanza 10 She is coming, my own, my sweet; Were it ever so airy a tread, My heart would hear her and beat, Were it earth in an earthly bed; My dust would hear her and beat, Had I lain for a century dead; Would start and tremble under her feet, And blossom in purple and red. Alfred Tennyson , Maud; A Monodrama (1855), Part XXII, Stanza 11 Yet is there one true line, the pearl of pearls: Man dreams of Fame while woman wakes to love. Alfred Tennyson , Idylls of the King (1856–1885), chapter Merlin and Vivien You, methinks you think you love me well; For me, I love you somewhat; rest: and Love Should have some rest and pleasure in himself, Not ever be too curious for a boon, Too prurient for a proof against the grain Of him ye say ye love: but Fame with men, Being but ampler means to serve mankind, Should have small rest or pleasure in herself, But work as vassal to the larger love, That dwarfs the petty love of one to one. Alfred Tennyson , Idylls of the King (1856–1885), chapter Merlin and Vivien Sweet is true love though given in vain, in vain; And sweet is death who puts an end to pain: I know not which is sweeter, no, not I. Love, art thou sweet? then bitter death must be: Love, thou art bitter; sweet is death to me. O Love, if death be sweeter, let me die. … Alfred Tennyson , Idylls of the King (1856–1885), chapter Lancelot and Elaine, line 1000 "Free love, so bound, were freëst," said the King. "Let love be free; free love is for the best: And, after heaven, on our dull side of death, What should be best, if not so pure a love Clothed in so pure a loveliness? yet thee She failed to bind, though being, as I think, Unbound as yet, and gentle, as I know." Alfred Tennyson , Idylls of the King (1856–1885), chapter Lancelot and Elaine, line 1370 Lady, for indeed I loved you and I deemed you beautiful, I cannot brook to see your beauty marred Through evil spite: and if ye love me not, I cannot bear to dream you so forsworn: I had liefer ye were worthy of my love, Than to be loved again of you — farewell; And though ye kill my hope, not yet my love, Vex not yourself: ye will not see me more. Alfred Tennyson , Idylls of the King (1856–1885), chapter Pelleas and Ettarre We love but while we may; And therefore is my love so large for thee, Seeing it is not bounded save by love. Alfred Tennyson , Idylls of the King (1856–1885), chapter The Last Tournament I will love thee to the death, And out beyond into the dream to come. Alfred Tennyson , Idylls of the King (1856–1885), chapter The Last Tournament My doom is, I love thee still. Let no man dream but that I love thee still. Love lieth deep; Love dwells not in lip-depths. Alfred Tennyson , Lover's Tale (1879), line 466 Where love could walk with banish'd Hope no more. Alfred Tennyson , Lover's Tale (1879), line 813 Love's arms were wreathed about the neck of Hope, And Hope kiss'd Love, and Love drew in her breath In that close kiss and drank her whisper'd tales. They said that Love would die when Hope was gone. And Love mourn'd long, and sorrow'd after Hope; At last she sought out Memory, and they trod The same old paths where Love had walked with Hope, And Memory fed the soul of Love with tears. Alfred Tennyson , Lover's Tale (1879), line 815 Love will conquer at the last. Alfred Tennyson , Locksley Hall Sixty Years After (1886), Line 280 Who are wise in love Love most, say least Yet is there one true line, the pearl of pearls: Man dreams of Fame while woman wakes to love. Alfred Tennyson , Idylls of the King (1859-1865), Lancelot and Elaine, Line 1000 "Free love, so bound, were freëst," said the King. "Let love be free; free love is for the best: And, after heaven, on our dull side of death, What should be best, if not so pure a love Clothed in so pure a loveliness? yet thee She failed to bind, though being, as I think, Unbound as yet, and gentle, as I know." Alfred Tennyson , Idylls of the King (1859-1865), Lancelot and Elaine, Line 1370 We love but while we may; And therefore is my love so large for thee, Seeing it is not bounded save by love. I will love thee to the death, And out beyond into the dream to come. My doom is, I love thee still. Let no man dream but that I love thee still. Grasped, made her vail her eyes: she looked and saw The novice, weeping, suppliant, and said to her, "Yea, little maid, for am I not forgiven?" Then glancing up beheld the holy nuns All round her, weeping; and her heart was loosed Within her, and she wept with these and said, "Ye know me then, that wicked one, who broke The vast design and purpose of the King. O shut me round with narrowing nunnery-walls, Meek maidens, from the voices crying 'shame.' I must not scorn myself: he loves me still. Let no one dream but that he loves me still." Love is and was my Lord and King, And in his presence I attend To hear the tidings of my friend, Which every hour his couriers bring. CXXVI Alfred Tennyson , In Memoriam A.H.H. (1849), Parts I-CXXXI, CXXVI It is best to love wisely, no doubt; but to love foolishly is better than not to be able to love at all. Some of us can't: and are proud of our impotence, too. William Makepeace Thackeray, The History of Pendennis (1848-1850), Ch. 6 As the gambler said of his dice, to love and win is the best thing, to love and lose is the next best. William Makepeace Thackeray, The History of Pendennis (1848-1850), Ch. 40 You're dressed in that dress, I like. Love is swinging in the air, tonight. Justin Timberlake , "Suit & Tie" (2013), The 20/20 Experience (2013) They say it is to know the union with love that the soul takes union with the body. Tiruvalluvar , Tirukkural: 80 Seize the moments of happiness, love and be loved! That is the only reality in the world, all else is folly. Leo Tolstoy in War and Peace (1865-1869) When we do not love, we sleep, we are children of the dust — but love, and you are a god, you are pure, as on the first day of creation. Leo Tolstoy in War and Peace (1865-1869) Love is life. All, everything that I understand, I understand only because I love. Everything is, everything exists, only because I love. Everything is united by it alone. Love is God, and to die means that I, a particle of love, shall return to the general and eternal source. Leo Tolstoy in War and Peace (1865-1869) To love life is to love God. Harder and more blessed than all else is to love this life in one's sufferings, in undeserved sufferings. Leo Tolstoy in War and Peace (1865-1869) I have now understood that though it seems to men that they live by care for themselves, in truth it is love alone by which they live. He who has love, is in God, and God is in him, for God is love. Leo Tolstoy in "What Men Live By" (1881) What are wanted ...are not Constitutions and Revolutions, nor all sorts of Conferences and Congresses, nor the many ingenious devices for submarine navigation and aerial navigation, nor powerful explosives, nor all sorts of conveniences to add to the enjoyment of the rich, ruling classes... but one thing only is needful: the knowledge of the simple and clear truth ...that for our life one law is valid — the law of love, which brings the highest happiness to every individual as well as to all mankind. Leo Tolstoy , in A Letter to a Hindu (1908) As soon as men live entirely in accord with the law of love natural to their hearts and now revealed to them, which excludes all resistance by violence, and therefore hold aloof from all participation in violence — as soon as this happens, not only will hundreds be unable to enslave millions, but not even millions will be able to enslave a single individual. Leo Tolstoy in "A Letter to a Hindu" (1908) The more God's manifestation in man (life) unites with the manifestations (lives) of other beings, the more man exists. This union with the lives of other beings is accomplished through love. God is not love, but the more there is of love, the more man manifests God, and the more he truly exists... Leo Tolstoy in his Diary (1 November 1910) I feel it in my fingers I feel it in my toes Love is all around me And so the feeling grows It is written on the wind Thats everywhere I go So if you really love me Come on and let it show God , from a beautiful necessity , is Love in all he doeth, Love, a brilliant fire, to gladden or consume: The wicked work their woe by looking upon love, and hating it: The righteous find their joys in yearning on its loveliness for ever. Martin Farquhar Tupper , in "Of Immortality" in Proverbial Philosophy (1849) I don't wanna lose you I don't even wanna say goodbye I just wanna hold on To this true love, true love I don't wanna lose you And I always wanna feel this way Cause everytime I'm with you I feel true love, true love Tina Turner , I Don't Wanna Lose You , (November 18, 1989) from the album Foreign Affair (September 13, 1989) Oh what's love got to do, got to do with it What's love but a second hand emotion What's love got to do, got to do with it Who needs a heart When a heart can be broken Tina Turner , What's Love Got to Do with It , (June 4, 1984[) from the album Private Dancer (May 29, 1984) I just sware That I'll always be there I'd give anything and everything And I will always care Through weekness and strength For better or for worse I will love you U2 , One (6 March 1992) from the 1990 album Achtung Baby It is sad not to be loved, but it is much sadder not to be able to love. Miguel de Unamuno , To a Young Writer Consciousness (conscientia) is participated knowledge, is co-feeling, and co-feeling is com-passion. Love personalizes all that it loves. Only by personalizing it can we fall in love with an idea. And when love is so great and so vital, so strong and so overflowing, that it loves everything, then it personalizes everything and discovers that the total All, that the Universe, is also a person possessing a Consciousness, a Consciousness which in its turn suffers, pities, and loves, and therefore is consciousness. And this Consciousness of the Universe, which a love, personalizing all that it loves, discovers, is what we call God. Love lifts us up where we belong Where the eagles cry Love is where you find it. ~ Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. The soul of love is the invincible difference of lovers, while its subtle matter is the identity of their desires. Paul Valéry , "Dance and the Soul" (1921), in Dialogues (Bollingen Series XLV 4/ Princeton University Press, 1989), translated by William McCausland Stewart, p. 47 There are many kinds of love, as many kinds of light, And every kind of love makes a glory in the night. There is love that stirs the heart, and love that gives it rest, But the love that leads life upward is the noblest and the best. Henry van Dyke , Love and Light If only we try to live sincerely, it will go well with us, even though we are certain to experience real sorrow , and great disappointments, and also will probably commit great faults and do wrong things, but it certainly is true, that it is better to be high-spirited, even though one makes more mistakes, than to be narrow-minded and all too prudent. It is good to love many things, for therein lies the true strength , and whosoever loves much performs much, and can accomplish much, and what is done in love, is well done. Vincent van Gogh , The Letters of Vincent van Gogh to his Brother, 1872-1886 (1927) Constable & Co Variant: Love many things, for therein lies the true strength, and whosoever loves much performs much, and can accomplish much, and what is done in love is done well. As quoted in Wisdom for the Soul : Five Millennia of Prescriptions for Spiritual Healing (2006) by Larry Chang, p. 483 I think that everything that is really good and beautiful, the inner, moral, spiritual and sublime beauty in men and their works, comes from God, and everything that is bad and evil in the works of men and in men is not from God, and God does not approve of it. But I cannot help thinking that the best way of knowing God is to love many things. Love this friend, this person, this thing, whatever you like, and you will be on the right road to understanding Him better, that is what I keep telling myself. But you must love with a sublime, genuine, profound sympathy, with devotion, with intelligence, and you must try all the time to understand Him more, better and yet more. That will lead to God, that will lead to an unshakeable faith. Who can deceive a lover? Virgil , Aeneid (29–19 BC), Book IV, line 296. Variant: "Who could deceive a lover?" Improbe Amor, quid non mortalia pectora cogis! All-powerful Love! what changes canst thou cause In human hearts, subjected to thy laws! Virgil , Aeneid (29–19 BC), Book IV, line 412 (as translated by John Dryden ); referring to the unwise actions undertaken by Dido , actuated by amorous passion. Variant translation: Oh wretched love! to what do you not impel the human breast? Amor omnibus idem. Virgil , Georgics (29 BC), III, 244 L'amour est de toutes les passions la plus forte, parce qu'elle attaque à la fois la tête, le cœur et le corps. Love is of all the passions the strongest, for it attacks simultaneously the head, the heart, and the body. Le Dernier Volume Des Œuvres De Voltaire : Contes - Comédie - Pensées - Poésies - Lettres (1862) Qui que tu sois, voici ton maître; Il l'est—le fut—ou le doit être. Whoe'er thou art, thy master see; He was—or is—or is to be. Voltaire , Works, II, p. 765 (Ed. 1837). Used as an inscription for a statue of Cupid Quoi que vous fassiez, écrasez l'infâme, et aimez qui vous aime. Whatever you do, crush the infamous thing, and love those who love you. Voltaire , Letter to Jean le Rond d'Alembert (28 November 1762); This was written in reference to crushing superstition, and the words "écrasez l'infâme" ("Crush the Infamy") became a motto strongly identified with Voltaire A purpose of human life, no matter who is controlling it, is to love whoever is around to be loved. Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. in Wampeters, Foma and Granfalloons , "Address at Dedication of Wheaton College Library, 1973" (1974) Love is where you find it. I think it is foolish to go looking for it, and I think it can often be poisonous. Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. from the prologue of Slapstick (1976) I wish that people who are conventionally supposed to love each other would say to each other, when they fight, "Please — a little less love, and a little more common decency." Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. from the prologue of Slapstick (1976) There is love enough in this world for everybody, if people will just look. Could we forbear dispute, and practise love, We should agree as angels do above. Edmund Waller , in "Of Divine Love" (c. 1686) Consent in virtue knit your hearts so fast, That still the knot, in spite of death, does last; For as your tears, and sorrow-wounded soul, Prove well that on your part this bond is whole, So all we know of what they do above, Is that they happy are, and that they love. Let dark oblivion, and the hollow grave, Content themselves our frailer thoughts to have; Well-chosen love is never taught to die, But with our nobler part invades the sky. Edmund Waller , Poetical Works of Edmund Waller and Sir John Denham (1857) The most wonderful of all things in life, I believe, is the discovery of another human being with whom one's relationship has a glowing depth, beauty, and joy as the years increase. This inner progressiveness of love between two human beings is a most marvelous thing, it cannot be found by looking for it or by passionately wishing for it. It is a sort of Divine accident. Hugh Walpole As quoted in Wisdom for the Soul : Five Millennia of Prescriptions for Spiritual Healing (2006) by Larry Chang, p. 597 It's the Roman god, Janus . My mother gave it to me when I was little. She wanted to teach me that people have two sides. A good side, a bad side, a past, a future. And that we must embrace both in someone we love. Elise Clifton-Ward (played by Angelina Jolie ) in The Tourist Love is to die, love is to not die, Love is to dance, love is to dance. Love is to die, Why don't you not die? Why don't you dance? Why don't you dance and dance? Warpaint , Love Is To Die, Warpaint (2014) There is no formula for generating the authentic warmth of love. It cannot be copied. You cannot talk yourself into it or rouse it by straining at the emotions or by dedicating yourself solemnly to the service of mankind . Everyone has love, but it can only come out when he is convinced of the impossibility and the frustration of trying to love himself. This conviction will not come through condemnations, through hating oneself, through calling self love bad names in the universe . It comes only in the awareness that one has no self to love. Alan Watts , The Wisdom of Insecurity (1951) Love is not consolation, it is light . Simone Weil , as quoted in Simone Weil (1954) by Eric Walter Frederick Tomlin , p. 47 The combination of these two facts — the longing in the depth of the heart for absolute good, and the power, though only latent, of directing attention and love to a reality beyond the world and of receiving good from it — constitutes a link which attaches every man without exception to that other reality. Whoever recognizes that reality recognizes also that link. Because of it, he holds every human being without any exception as something sacred to which he is bound to show respect. This is the only possible motive for universal respect towards all human beings. Whatever formulation of belief or disbelief a man may choose to make, if his heart inclines him to feel this respect, then he in fact also recognizes a reality other than this world's reality. Whoever in fact does not feel this respect is alien to that other reality also. Simone Weil , Draft for a Statement of Human Obligation (1943) One of the most exquisite pleasures of human love — to serve the loved one without his knowing it — is only possible, as regards the love of God , through atheism . Simone Weil , First and Last Notebooks (1970), Last Notebook (1942) p. 84 If you say to someone who has ears to hear: "What you are doing to me is not just ," you may touch and awaken at its source the spirit of attention and love. But it is not the same with words like, "I have the right ..." or "you have no right to..." They evoke a latent war and awaken the spirit of contention. Simone Weil , Human Personality (1943), Written c. 1933; published in Selected Essays 1934-1943, p. 63 He who does not realize to what extent shifting fortune and necessity hold in subjection every human spirit, cannot regard as fellow-creatures nor love as he loves himself those whom chance separated from him by an abyss. The variety of constraints pressing upon man give rise to the illusion of several distinct species that cannot communicate. Only he who has measured the dominion of force, and knows how not to respect it, is capable of love and justice . Simone Weil , The Iliad or The Poem of Force (1940-1941), p. 192 Love is a minefield. You take a step and get blown to pieces, put yourself back together again and stupidly take another step. I guess that's human nature. It hurts so much to be alone that we'd all rather blow up than be single. Kate Welles ( Famke Janssen ) in Love & Sex (2000) I observed, "Love is the fulfilling of the law, the end of the commandment." It is not only "the first and great" command, but all the commandments in one. "Whatsoever things are just, whatsoever things are pure, if there be any virtue, if there be any praise," they are all comprised in this one word, love. John Wesley quoting his own earlier sermon on "The Circumsicion of the Heart" (1 January 1733) in the work A Plain Account Of Christian Perfection (Edition of 1777) An ounce of love is worth a pound of knowledge. John Wesley , The Works of the Rev. John Wesley (1830), p. 393 Lucifer: God ? God is love. I don't love you. Lucifer: I was the first angel, loved once above all others. A perfect love. [sing-song] But like all true loves... one day it withered on the vine... Life is ever lord of Death And Love can never lose its own. John Greenleaf Whittier , Snow Bound, reported in Bartlett's Familiar Quotations, 10th ed. (1919) Be not dishearten'd, affection shall solve the problems of freedom yet, Those who love each other shall become invincible... Walt Whitman in Leaves of Grass , DRUM-TAPS, Over the Carnage Rose Prophetic a Voice (1860; 1867) * Blow again trumpeter! and for thy theme, Take now the enclosing theme of all, the solvent and the setting, Love, that is pulse of all, the sustenance and the pang, The heart of man and woman all for love, No other theme but love — knitting, enclosing, all-diffusing love. Walt Whitman in Leaves of Grass , The Mystic Trumpeter Love, that is all the earth to lovers — love, that mocks time and space, Love, that is day and night — love, that is sun and moon and stars, Love, that is crimson, sumptuous, sick with perfume, No other words but words of love, no other thought but love. Walt Whitman in Leaves of Grass , The Mystic Trumpeter Dearest comrades, all is over and long gone, But love is not over... Walt Whitman in Leaves of Grass , SONGS OF PARTING, Ashes of Soldiers There is no language that love does not speak. Ella Wheeler Wilcox from Love's Language Poems of Progress 1913 edition I find a rapture linked with each despair, Well worth the price of anguish. I detect More good than evil in humanity. Love lights more fires than hate extinguishes, And men grow better as the world grows old. Ella Wheeler Wilcox , Poems of Pleasure (1900), Optimism Between the finite and the infinite The missing link of Love has left a void. Supply the link, and earth with Heaven will join In one continued chain of endless life. Ella Wheeler Wilcox , New Thought Pastels (1913), The Way (1913) Hell is wherever Love is not, and Heaven Is Love's location. No dogmatic creed, No austere faith based on ignoble fear Can lead thee into realms of joy and peace. Unless the humblest creatures on the earth Are bettered by thy loving sympathy Think not to find a Paradise beyond. Ella Wheeler Wilcox , New Thought Pastels (1913), The Way (1913) There is no sudden entrance into Heaven. Slow is the ascent by the path of Love. Ella Wheeler Wilcox , New Thought Pastels (1913), The Way (1913) * Look to the Great Eternal Cause And not to any man, for light. Look in; and learn the wrong, and right, From your own soul's unwritten laws. And when you question, or demur, Let Love be your Interpreter. Ella Wheeler Wilcox , New Thought Pastels (1913), Assistance Breathe "God," in any tongue — it means the same; LOVE ABSOLUTE: Think, feel, absorb the thought; Shut out all else; until a subtle flame (A spark from God's creative centre caught) Shall permeate your being, and shall glow, Increasing in its splendour, till, YOU KNOW. Ella Wheeler Wilcox , New Thought Pastels (1913), Knowledge Give of thy love, nor wait to know the worth Of what thou lovest; and ask no returning. And wheresoe'er thy pathway leads on earth, There thou shalt find the lamp of love-light burning. Ella Wheeler Wilcox , New Thought Pastels (1913), Give Divine the Powers that on this trio wait. Supreme their conquest, over Time and Fate. Love, Work, and Faith — these three alone are great. Ella Wheeler Wilcox , New Thought Pastels (1913), Three Things All love that has not friendship for its base, Is like a mansion built upon the sand. Ella Wheeler Wilcox , New Thought Pastels (1913), Love le mystère de l'amour est plus grand que le mystère de la mort. The mystery of love is greater than the mystery of death. Oscar Wilde as quoted by Alvin Redman in The Epigrams of Oscar Wilde (1952) Be happy, be happy; you shall have your red rose. I will build it out of music by moonlight, and stain it with my own heart's-blood. All that I ask of you in return is that you will be a true lover, for Love is wiser than Philosophy, though she is wise, and mightier than Power, though he is mighty. Oscar Wilde , "The Nightingale and the Rose" from The Happy Prince and Other Tales (1888) To love oneself is the beginning of a life-long romance. Oscar Wilde , Phrases and Philosophies for the use of the Young (1894), first published in the Oxford student magazine The Chameleon (December 1894) Full text online Those who are faithful know only the trivial side of love; it is the faithless who know love's tragedies. "Stop talking about love. Every asshole in the world says he loves somebody. It means nothing." "But it's true-" "Still doesn't mean anything. What you feel only matters to you. It is what you do to the people you love; that's what matters. That's the only thing that counts." Stephen ( Tom Wilkinson ), in The Last Kiss (2006) Taylor: Imagine me needing someone. Back on Earth I never did. Oh, there were women. Lots of women. Lots of love-making but no love. You see, that was the kind of world we'd made. So I left, because there was no one to hold me there. Planet of the Apes (1968 film) , screenplay by Michael Wilson and Rod Serling Just let your love flow like a mountain stream And let your love grow with the smallest of dreams And let your love show and you'll know what I mean It's the season Let your love fly like a bird on a wing And let your love bind you to all livin' things And let your love shine and you'll know what I mean That's the reason. Larry E. Williams, in Let Your Love Flow (1976) Just let your love flow like a mountain stream And let your love grow. Larry E. Williams, in Let Your Love Flow (1976) A hundred wise men have said in various ways that love transcends the power of death, and millions of fools have supposed that they meant nothing by it. At this late hour in my life I have learned what they meant. They meant that love transcends death. They are correct. Gene Wolfe , "Bed and Breakfast", in Dante's Disciples (1995), ed. Edward E. Kramer. Reprinted in Gene Wolfe, Strange Travelers (2000) Living might mean taking chances, but they're worth taking. Loving might be a mistake, but it's worth making. David Woodard , Breed the Unmentioned (1985) Love is the true antithesis of fear. It expands where fear constricts. It embraces where fear repels. Marion Woodman and Elinor Dickson, Dancing in the Flames: The Dark Goddess in the Transformation of Consciousness, p. 45 (1997) A long time ago, Anne used to talk about energy—how that was all that love was—ions connecting across synapses of time and air. Don't rationalize, she'd say. None of it will ever make sense. I leaned back against the wall and closed my eyes, not wanting to cry. Anne was right. None of it made any sense. Fiction; inner thoughts of Elisha True beauty dwells in deep retreats, Whose veil is unremoved Till heart with heart in concord beats, And the lover is beloved. William Wordsworth , To ____ . (Let other Bards of Angels sing), st. 3 (1824) If Thou be one whose heart the holy forms Of young imagination have kept pure Stranger! henceforth be warned; and know that pride, Howe'er disguised in its own majesty, Is littleness; that he who feels contempt For any living thing, hath faculties Which he has never used; that thought with him Is in its infancy. The man whose eye Is ever on himself doth look on one, The least of Nature's works, one who might move The wise man to that scorn which wisdom holds Unlawful, ever. O be wiser, thou ! Instructed that true knowledge leads to love; True dignity abides with him alone Who, in the silent hour of inward thought, Can still suspect, and still revere himself, In lowliness of heart. Love is in the air Every sight and every sound And I don't know if I'm being foolish Don't know if I'm being wise But it's something that I must believe in And it's there when I look in your eyes. Love is in the air In the whisper of the trees Love is in the air In the thunder of the sea And I don't know if I'm just dreaming Don't know if I feel sane But it's something that I must believe in And it's there when you call out my name. John Paul Young , in "Love Is in the Air" (1977) You know when I said I knew little about love? That wasn't true. I know a lot about love. I've seen it, seen centuries and centuries of it, and it was the only thing that made watching your world bearable. All those wars. Pain, lies, hate... Made me want to turn away and never look down again. But to see the way that mankind loves... I mean, you could search to the furthest reaches of the universe and never find anything more beautiful. So, yes, I know that love is unconditional. But I also know it can be unpredictable, unexpected, uncontrollable, unbearable and strangely easy to mistake for loathing, and... What I'm trying to say, Tristan, is... I think I love you. My heart... It feels like my chest can barely contain it. Like it doesn't belong to me any more. It belongs to you. And if you wanted it, I'd wish for nothing in exchange — no gifts, no goods, no demonstrations of devotion. Nothing but knowing you loved me, too. Just your heart, in exchange for mine. Wounds of fire are hard to bear; harder still are those of love. ~ Hjalmar Hjorth Boyesen Che amar chi t'odia, ell'è impossibil cosa. For 'tis impossible Vittorio Alfieri , Polinice, II. 4 Somewhere there waiteth in this world of ours For one lone soul another lonely soul, Each choosing each through all the weary hours, And meeting strangely at one sudden goal, Then blend they, like green leaves with golden flowers, Into one beautiful and perfect whole; And life's long night is ended, and the way Lies open onward to eternal day. Edwin Arnold , Somewhere There Waiteth Ma vie a son secret, mon âme a son mystére: Un amour éternel en un moment concu. La mal est sans remède, aussi j'ai dû le taire, Et elle qui l'a fait n'en a jamais rien su. One sweet, sad secret holds my heart in thrall; A mighty love within my breast has grown, Unseen, unspoken, and of no one known; And of my sweet, who gave it, least of all. Félix Arvers , Sonnet. Translation by Joseph Knight. In The Athenæum, Jan. 13, 1906. Arvers in Mes Heures Perdues, says that the sonnet was "mite de l'italien" How many times do I love, again? Tell me how many beads there are In a silver chain Unravelled from the trembling main And threading the eye of a yellow star:— So many times do I love again. Thomas Lovell Beddoes , How Many Times Mein Herz ich will dich fragen, Was ist denn Liebe, sag? "Zwei Seelen und ein Gedanke, Zwei Herzen und ein Schlag." My heart I fain would ask thee What then is Love? say on. "Two souls and one thought only Two hearts that throb as one." Von Münch Bellinghausen (Friedrich Halm)—Der Sohn der Wildniss, Act II. Translation by W. H. Charlton. (Commended by author). Popular translation. of the play is by Marie Lovell—Ingomar the Barbarian. Two souls with but a single thought, / Two hearts that beat as one To Chloe's breast young Cupid slily stole, But he crept in at Myra's pocket-hole. William Blake , Couplets and Fragments, IV Love in a shower safe shelter took, In a rosy bower beside a brook, And winked and nodded with conscious pride To his votaries drenched on the other side. Come hither, sweet maids, there's a bridge below, The toll-keeper, Hymen, will let you through. Come over the stream to me. Bloomfield , Glee, Stanza 1 Hjalmar Hjorth Boyesen , Gunnar, Chapter IV Le premier soupir de l'amour Est le dernier de la sagesse. The first sigh of love is the last of wisdom. Antoine Bret , Ecole amoureuse, scene 7 Much ado there was, God wot; He woold love, and she woold not, She sayd, "Never man was trewe;" He sayes, "None was false to you." Nicholas Breton , Phillida and Corydon In your arms was still delight, Quiet as a street at night; And thoughts of you, I do remember, Were green leaves in a darkened chamber, Were dark clouds in a moonless sky. For none can express thee, though all should approve thee. I love thee so, Dear, that I only can love thee. Behold me! I am worthy Of thy loving, for I love thee! Elizabeth Barrett Browning , Lady Geraldine's Courtship, Stanza 79 Who can fear Too many stars, though each in heaven shall roll— Too many flowers, though each shall crown the year? Say thou dost love me, love me, love me—toll The silver iterance!—only minding, Dear, To love me also in silence, with thy soul. Elizabeth Barrett Browning , Sonnets from the Portuguese, Sonnet XXI Unless you can feel when the song is done No other is sweet in its rhythm; Unless you can feel when left by one That all men else go with him. I think, am sure, a brother's love exceeds All the world's loves in its unworldliness. Robert Browning , Blot on the 'Scutcheon, Act II, scene 1 Never the time and the place And the loved one all together. Robert Browning , Never the Time and the Place God be thanked, the meanest of his creatures Boasts two soul-sides, one to face the world with, One to show a woman when he loves her. Robert Browning , One Word More, Stanza XVII Love has no thought of self! Love buys not with the ruthless usurer's gold The loathsome prostitution of a hand Without a heart! Love sacrifices all things To bless the thing it loves! Edward Bulwer-Lytton , The Lady of Lyons, Act V, scene 2, line 23 Love thou, and if thy love be deep as mine, Thou wilt not laugh at poets. Edward Bulwer-Lytton , Richelieu (1839), Act I, scene 1, line 177 No matter what you do, if your heart is ever true, And his heart was true to Poll. F. C. Burnand , His Heart was true to Poll To see her is to love her, And love but her forever; For nature made her what she is, And never made anither! The wisest man the warl' e'er saw, He dearly loved the lasses, O. Robert Burns , Green Grow the Rashes The golden hours on angel wings Flew o'er me and my dearie, For dear to me as light and life Was my sweet Highland Mary. Oh my luve's like a red, red rose, That's newly sprung in June; Oh my luve's like the melodie That's sweetly played in tune. Robert Burns , Red, Red Rose What is life, when wanting love? Night without a morning; Love's the cloudless summer sun, Nature gay adorning. Robert Burns , Thine am I, my Faithful Fair When things were as fine as could possibly be I thought 'twas the spring; but alas it was she. I'll bid the hyacinth to blow, I'll teach my grotto green to be; And sing my true love, all below The holly bower and myrtle tree. Thomas Campbell , Caroline, Part I My love lies bleeding. Thomas Campbell , O'Connor's Child, Stanza 5 He that loves a rosy cheek, Or a coral lip admires, Or from star-like eyes doth seek Fuel to maintain his fires, As Old Time makes these decay, So his flames must waste away. Then fly betimes, for only they Conquer love, that run away. Thomas Carew , Song, Conquest by Flight Of all the girls that are so smart There's none like pretty Sally; She is the darling of my heart, And lives in our alley. Henry Carey , Sally in our Alley Let Time and Chance combine, combine! Let Time and Chance combine! The fairest love from heaven above, That love of yours was mine, My Dear! Vivamus, mea Lesbia atque amemus. My Lesbia, let us live and love. Catullus , Carmina, V. 1 Mulier cupido quod dicit amanti, In vento et rapida scribere oportet aqua. What woman says to fond lover should be written on air or the swift water. Catullus , Carmina, LXX. 3 Difficile est longum subito deponere amorem. It is difficult at once to relinquish a long-cherished love. Catullus , Carmina, LXXVI. 13 Odi et amo. Quare id faciam, fortasse requiris. Nescio: sed fieri sentio, et excrucior. I hate and I love. Why do I do so you perhaps ask. I cannot say; but I feel it to be so, and I am tormented accordingly. Catullus , Carmina, LXXXV It's love, it's love that makes the world go round. Popular French song in Chansons Nationales et Populaires de France, Volume II, p. 180 (c. 1821) I tell thee Love is Nature's second sun, Causing a spring of virtues where he shines. George Chapman , All Fools, Act I, scene 1, line 98 None ever loved, but at first sight they loved. George Chapman , The Blind Beggar of Alexandria Banish that fear; my flame can never waste, For love sincere refines upon the taste. Colley Cibber , The Double Gallant, Act V, scene 1 Vivunt in venerem frondes omnisque vicissim Felix arbor amat; mutant ad mutua palmæ Fœdera. The leaves live but to love, and in all the lofty grove the happy trees love each his neighbor. Claudianus , De Nuptiis Honorii et Mariæ, LXV Her very frowns are fairer far Than smiles of other maidens are. Hartley Coleridge , Song, She is not Fair Alas! they had been friends in youth; But whispering tongues can poison truth, And constancy lives in realms above; And life is thorny, and youth is vain; And to be wroth with one we love Doth work like madness in the brain. Samuel Taylor Coleridge , Christabel (c. 1797-1801, published 1816), Part II All thoughts, all passions, all delights, Whatever stirs this mortal frame, All are but ministers of Love, And feed his sacred flame. Samuel Taylor Coleridge , Love, Stanza 1 I have heard of reasons manifold Why love must needs be blind, But this is the best of all I hold— His eyes are in his mind. Samuel Taylor Coleridge , To a Lady, Stanza 2 He that can't live upon love deserves to die in a ditch. Say what you will, 'tis better to be left Than never to have loved. William Congreve , Way of the World, Act II, scene 1 If there's delight in love, 'tis when I see The heart, which others bleed for, bleed for me. William Congreve , Way of the World, Act III, scene 3 I know not when the day shall be, I know not when our eyes may meet; What welcome you may give to me, Or will your words be sad or sweet, It may not be 'till years have passed, 'Till eyes are dim and tresses gray; The world is wide, but, love, at last, Our hands, our hearts, must meet some day. Hugh Conway , Some Day How wise are they that are but fools in love! How a man may choose a Good Wife, Act I. 1. Attributed to Joshua Cooke in Dictioanry of National Biography A mighty pain to love it is, And 'tis a pain that pain to miss; But, of all pains, the greatest pain Is to love, but love in vain. Abraham Cowley , Translation of Anacreontic Odes, VII. Gold. (Anacreon's authorship doubted) Better to love amiss than nothing to have loved. George Crabbe , The Struggles of Conscience, Tale 14 Heaven's great artillery. Richard Crashaw , Flaming Heart, line 56 Love's great artillery. Richard Crashaw , Prayer, line 18 Mighty Love's artillery. Richard Crashaw , Wounds of the Lord Jesus, line 2 And I, what is my crime I cannot tell, Vnless it be a crime to haue lou'd too well. Poor love is lost in men's capacious minds, In ours, it fills up all the room it finds. For life to come, is false to the past sweet Of mortal life, hath killed the world above. For why to live again if not to meet? And why to meet if not to meet in love? And why in love if not in that dear love of old? Sydney Dobell , Sonnet, To a Friend in Bereavement Give, you gods, Give to your boy, your Cæsar, The rattle of a globe to play withal, This gewgaw world, and put him cheaply off; I'll not be pleased with less than Cleopatra. John Dryden , All for Love, Act II, scene 1 How happy the lover, He sighs not in vain. John Dryden , King Arthur, IV. 1. Song Fool, not to know that love endures no tie, And Jove but laughs at lovers' perjury. John Dryden , Palamon and Arcite, Book II, line 75. Amphitron, Act I, scene 2 Pains of love be sweeter far Than all other pleasures are. John Dryden , Tyrannic Love, Act IV, scene 1 Two souls in one, two hearts into one heart. Guillaume de Salluste Du Bartas , Divine Weekes and Workes, First Week, Part I. Sixth day, line 1,057 I'm sitting on the stile. Mary, Where we sat side by side. Lady Dufferin , Lament of the Irish Emigrant Oh, tell me whence Love cometh! Love comes uncall'd, unsent. Oh, tell me where Love goeth! That was not Love that went. Burden of a Woman. Found in J. W. Ebsworth's Roxburghe Ballads The solid, solid universe With bandaged eyes he never errs, Around, below, above. A ruddy drop of manly blood The surging sea outweighs; The world uncertain comes and goes, The lover rooted stays. Ralph Waldo Emerson , Essays, First Series. Epigraph to Friendship Love, which is the essence of God, is not for levity, but for the total worth of man. Ralph Waldo Emerson , Essays, Of Friendship All mankind love a lover. Ralph Waldo Emerson , Essays, Of Love Venus, when her son was lost, Cried him up and down the coast, In hamlets, palaces, and parks, And told the truant by his marks,— Golden curls, and quiver, and bow. Ralph Waldo Emerson , Initial, Demoniac, and Celestial Love, Stanza 1 Mais on revient toujours A ses premières amours. But one always returns to one's first loves . Quoted by Étienne in Joconde, Act III. 1. Same idea in Pliny the Elder , Natural History, X, 63 Venus, thy eternal sway All the race of men obey. Euripides , Iphigenia in Aulis Love is the tyrant of the heart; it darkens Reason, confounds discretion; deaf to Counsel It runs a headlong course to desperate madness. John Ford , The Lover's Melancholy (licensed 24 November 1628; printed 1629), Act III, scene 3, line 105 Love, then, hath every bliss in store; 'Tis friendship, and 'tis something more. Each other every wish they give; Not to know love is not to live. John Gay , Plutus, Cupid and Time, line 135 I saw and loved. Edward Gibbon , Autobiographic Memoirs, p. 48 I love her doubling and anguish; I love the love she withholds, I love my love that loveth her, And anew her being moulds. R. W. Gilder , The New Day, Part III. Song XV Love, Love, my Love. The best things are the truest! When the earth lies shadowy dark below Oh, then the heavens are bluest! R. W. Gilder , The New Day, Part IV. Song I Not from the whole wide world I chose thee, Sweetheart, light of the land and the sea! The wide, wide world could not inclose thee, For thou art the whole wide world to me. I seek for one as fair and gay, But find none to remind me, How blest the hours pass'd away With the girl I left behind me. The Girl I Left Behind Me (1759) Es ist eine der grössten Himmelsgaben, So ein lieb' Ding im Arm zu haben. It is one of Heaven's best gifts to hold such a dear creature in one's arms. Und Lust und Liebe sind die Fittige zu grossen Thaten. Love and desire are the spirit's wings to great deeds. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , Iphigenia auf Tauris, II. 1. 107 In einem Augenblick gewährt die Liebe Was Mühe kaum in langer Zeit erreicht. Love grants in a moment What toil can hardly achieve in an age. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , Torquato Tasso, II. 3. 76 Man liebt an dem Mädchen was es ist, Und an dem Jüngling was er ankündigt. Girls we love for what they are; Young men for what they promise to be. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , Die Wahrheit und Dichtung, III. 14 Wenn ich dich lieb habe, was geht's dich an? If I love you, what business is that of yours? Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , Wilhelm Meister, IV. 9 Thus let me hold thee to my heart, And every care resign: And we shall never, never part, My life—my all that's mine! Oliver Goldsmith , The Hermit, Stanza 39 As for murmurs, mother, we grumble a little now and then, to be sure; but there's no love lost between us. Oliver Goldsmith , She Stoops to Conquer (1771), Act IV, line 255 Whoe'er thou art, thy Lord and master see, Thou wast my Slave, thou art, or thou shalt be. George Granville, 1st Baron Lansdowne , Inscription for a Figure representing the God of Love. See Genuine Works. (1732) I. 129. Version of a Greek couplet from the Greek Anthology Dear as the light that visits these sad eyes, Dear as the ruddy drops that warm my heart. Thomas Gray , The Bard, I. 3, line 12 O'er her warm cheek, and rising bosom, move The bloom of young Desire and purple light of love. Thomas Gray , The Progress of Poesy. I. 3, line 16 Love is a lock that linketh noble minds, Faith is the key that shuts the spring of love. Robert Greene , Alcida. Verses Written under a Carving of Cupid Blowing Bladders in the Air Greensleeves was all my joy, Greensleeves was my delight, Greensleeves was my heart of gold, And who but Lady Greensleeves? A new Courtly Sonnet of the Lady Greensleeves, to the new tune of "Greensleeves", from "A Handful of Pleasant Deities" (1584) The chemist of love Were it made out of mire, Transmute into gold. Francis Ridley Havergal , Royal Commandments, Loving Allegiance What a sweet reverence is that when a young man deems his mistress a little more than mortal and almost chides himself for longing to bring her close to his heart. Nathaniel Hawthorne , The Marble Faun (1860), Volume II, Chapter XV Whom the Lord loveth he chasteneth. Hebrews, XII. 6 Du bist wie eine Blume, so hold, so schön und rein; Ich shau' dich an und Wehmut schleicht mir ins Herz hinein. Oh fair, oh sweet and holy as dew at morning tide, I gaze on thee, and yearnings, sad in my bosom hide. Heinrich Heine , Du bist wie eine Blume Es ist eine alte Geschichte, Doch bleibt sie immer neu. It is an ancient story Yet is it ever new. Heinrich Heine , Lyrisches Intermezzo, 39 And once again we plighted our troth, And titter'd, caress'd, kiss'd so dearly. Heinrich Heine , Youthful Sorrows. No. 57, Stanza 2 Alas! for love, if thou art all, And nought beyond, O earth. Felicia Hemans , The Graves of a Household Open your heart and take us in, Love—love and me. William Ernest Henley , Rhymes and Rhythms, V No, not Jove Robert Herrick , Hesperides, To Silvia You say to me-wards your affection's strong; Pray love me little, so you love me long. Robert Herrick , Love me Little, Love me Long There is a lady sweet and kind, Was never face so pleased my mind; I did but see her passing by, And yet I love her till I die. Ascribed to Robert Herrick in the Scottish Student's Song-Book. Found on back of leaf 53 of Popish Kingdome or reigne of Antichrist, in Latin verse by Thomas Naogeorgus, and Englished by Barnabe Googe. Printed 1570. See Notes and Queries. S. IX. X. 427. Lines from Elizabethan Song-books. Bullen, p. 31. Reprinted from Thomas Ford's Music of Sundry Kinds. (1607) Bid me to live, and I will live Thy Protestant to be: Or bid me love, and I will give A loving heart to thee, A heart as soft, a heart as kind, A heart as sound and free As in the whole world thou canst find, That heart I'll give to thee. Robert Herrick , To Anthea, who may command him anything, No. 268 Let never man be bold enough to say, Thus, and no farther shall my passion stray: The first crime, past, compels us into more, And guilt grows fate, that was but choice, before. Aaron Hill , Athelwold, Act V, scene The Garden To love is to know the sacrifices which eternity exacts from life. John Oliver Hobbes , School for Saints, Chapter XXV O, love, love, love! Love is like a dizziness; It winna let a poor body Gang about his biziness! Hogg , Love is like a Dizziness, line 9 Cupid "the little greatest enemy." Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. , Professor at the Breakfast Table Soft is the breath of a maiden's Yes: Not the light gossamer stirs with less; But never a cable that holds so fast Through all the battles of wave and blast. Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. , Songs of Many Seasons, Dorothy, II, Stanza 7 Who love too much, hate in the like extreme. Homer , The Odyssey, Book XV, line 79. Pope's translation For love deceives the best of woman kind. Homer , The Odyssey, Book XV, line 463. Pope's translation Si sine amore, jocisque Nil est jucundum, vivas in amore jocisque. If nothing is delightful without love and jokes, then live in love and jokes. Horace , Epistles, I. 6. 65 What's our baggage? Only vows, Happiness, and all our care, And the flower that sweetly shows Nestling lightly in your hair. If you become a Nun, dear, The bishop Love will be; The Cupids every one, dear! Will chant—'We trust in thee!' From henceforth thou shalt learn that there is love To long for, pureness to desire, a mount Of consecration it were good to scale. Jean Ingelow , A Parson's Letter to a Young Poet, Part II, line 55 But great loves, to the last, have pulses red; All great loves that have ever died dropped dead. Douglas Jerrold , Jerrold's Wit, Love Greater love hath no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends. John, XV. 13 Love in a hut, with water and a crust, Is—Love, forgive us!—cinders, ashes, dust. John Keats , Lamia, Part II I wish you could invent some means to make me at all happy without you. Every hour I am more and more concentrated in you; everything else tastes like chaff in my mouth. John Keats , Letters, No, XXXVII When late I attempted your pity to move, Why seemed you so deaf to my prayers? Perhaps it was right to dissemble your love But—why did you kick me downstairs? J. P. Kemble , Panel, Act I, scene 1. Quoted from Asylum for Fugitive Pieces, Volume I, p. 15. (1785) where it appeared anonymously. Kemble is credited with its authorship. The Panel is adapted from Bickerstaff's 'Tis Well 'Tis No Worse, but these lines are not therein. It may also be found in Annual Register. Appendix. (1783) P. 201 What's this dull town to me? Robin's not near— He whom I wished to see, Wished for to hear; Where's all the joy and mirth Made life a heaven on earth? O! they're all fled with thee, Robin Adair. The hawk unto the open sky, The red deer to the wold; The Romany lass for the Romany lad, As in the days of old. Given in the N. Y. Times Review of Books as a previously written poem by F. C. Weatherby. Not found Sing, for faith and hope are high— None so true as you and I— Sing the Lovers' Litany: By the old Moulmein Pagoda, lookin' eastward to the sea, There's a Burma girl a-settin', and I know she thinks o' me; For the wind is in the palm-trees, and the temple-bells they say: "Come you back, you British soldier; come you back to Mandalay!" If Love were jester at the court of Death, And Death the king of all, still would I pray, "For me the motley and the bauble, yea, Though all be vanity, as the Preacher saith, The mirth of love be mine for one brief breath!" Frederic L. Knowles , If Love were Jester at the Court of Death Love begins with love. Jean de La Bruyère , The Characters and Manners of the Present Age, Chapter IV Le commencement et le déclin de l'amour se font sentir par l'embarras où l'on est de se trouver seuls. The beginning and the end of love are both marked by embarrassment when the two find themselves alone. Amour! Amour! quand tu nous tiens On peut bien dire, Adieu, prudence. O tyrant love, when held by you, We may to prudence bid adieu. François de La Rochefoucauld , Maxims, 114 Ce qui fait que amants et les maitresses ne s'ennuient point d'être ensemble; c'est qu'ils parlent toujours d'eux mêmes. The reason why lovers and their mistresses never tire of being together is that they are always talking of themselves. François de La Rochefoucauld , Maximes (1665–1678), 312 Do you know you have asked for the costliest thing Ever made by the Hand above— A woman's heart, and a woman's life, And a woman's wonderful love? Mary T. Lathrop , A Woman's Answer to a Man's Question. Erroneously credited to Mrs. Browning I love a lassie, a bonnie, bonnie lassie, She's as pure as the lily in the dell. She's as sweet as the heather, The bonnie, bloomin' heather, Harry Lauder and Gerald Grafton. I Love a Lassie Et c'est dans la première flamme Qu'est tout le nectar du baiser. And in that first flame Is all the nectar of the kiss. Lebrun , Mes Souvenirs, ou les Deux Rives de la Seine Love leads to present rapture,—then to pain; But all through Love in time is healed again. A warrior so bold, and a virgin so bright, Conversed as they sat on the green. They gazed on each other with tender delight, Alonzo the Brave was the name of the knight— The maiden's the Fair Imogene. M. G. Lewis—Alonzo the Brave and the Fair Imogene. First appeared in his novel Ambrosio the Monk. Found in his Tales of Wonder, Volume III, p. 63. Lewis's copy of his poem is in the British Museum Love contending with friendship, and self with each generous impulse. To and fro in his breast his thoughts were heaving and dashing, As in a foundering ship. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , The Courtship of Miles Standish (1858), Part III, line 7 Like Dian's kiss, unask'd, unsought, Love gives itself, but is not bought. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , Endymion (1818), Stanza 4 Does not all the blood within me Leap to meet thee, leap to meet thee, As the springs to meet the sunshine. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , The Song of Hiawatha (1855), Wedding Feast, line 153 It is difficult to know at what moment love begins; it is less difficult to know that it has begun. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , Kavanagh: A Tale (1849), Chapter XXI I do not love thee less for what is done, And cannot be undone. Thy very weakness Hath brought thee nearer to me, and henceforth My love will have a sense of pity in it, Making it less a worship than before. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow , Masque of Pandora, Part VIII. In the Garden, line 39 So they grew, and they grew, to the church steeple tops And they couldn't grow up any higher; So they twin'd themselves into a true lover's knot, For all lovers true to admire. Lord Lovel. Old Ballad. History found in Professor Child's English and Scottish Popular Ballads, II. 204. Also in The New Comic Minstrel. Pub. by John Cameron, Glasgow. The original version seems to be as given there Under floods that are deepest, Which Neptune obey, Over rocks that are steepest, Love will find out the way. Love will find out the way. Ballad in Percy's Reliques Tell me not, sweet, I am unkind, That from the nunnery Of thy chaste breast and quiet mind To war and arms I fly. . . . . . . Yet this inconstancy is such As you too shall adore:— I could not love thee, dear, so much, Loved I not honour more. Richard Lovelace , To Lucasta, on going to the Wars. Given erroneously to Montrose by Scott True love is but a humble, low born thing, And hath its food served up in earthenware; It is a thing to walk with, hand in hand, Through the every-dayness of this workday world. James Russell Lowell , Love, line 1 Not as all other women are Is she that to my soul is dear; Her glorious fancies come from far, Beneath the silver evening star, And yet her heart is ever near. James Russell Lowell , My Love, Stanza 1 Wer nicht liebt Wein, Weib, und Gesang, Der bleibt ein Narr sein Leben lang. He who loves not wine, woman, and song, Remains a fool his whole life long. Attributed to Luther by Uhland in Die Geisterkelter. Found in Luther's Tischreden. Proverbs at end. Credited to J. H. Voss by Redlich, Die poetischen Beiträge zum Waudsbecker Bothen, Hamburg, 1871, p. 67 As love knoweth no lawes, so it regardeth no conditions. John Lyly , Euphues, p. 84 Cupid and my Campaspe play'd At cards for kisses; Cupid paid; He stakes his quiver, bow and arrows, His mother's doves, and team of sparrows; Loses them too; then down he throws The coral of his lip,—the rose Growing on 's cheek (but none knows how) With these, the crystal on his brow, And then the dimple of his chin; All these did my Campaspe win. At last he set her both his eyes, She won, and Cupid blind did rise. O Love! hath she done this to thee? What shall, alas! become of me? John Lyly , Alexander and Campaspe, Act III, scene VI. Song It is better to poyson hir with the sweet bait of love. George Lyttelton, 1st Baron Lyttelton , Advice to a Lady, Stanza 13 None without hope e'er lov'd the brightest fair: But Love can hope where Reason would despair. But thou, through good and evil, praise and blame, Wilt not thou love me for myself alone? Yes, thou wilt love me with exceeding love, And I will tenfold all that love repay; Still smiling, though the tender may reprove, Still faithful, though the trusted may betray. Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay , Lines Written July 30, 1847 This lass so neat, with smile so sweet, Has won my right good will, I'd crowns resign to call her mine, Sweet lass of Richmond Hill. Ascribed to Leonard McNally , who married Miss I'Anson, one of the claimants for the "Lass," by Sir Joseph Barrington in Sketches of His Own Times, Volume II, p. 47. Also credited to William Upton. It appeared in Public Advertiser, Aug. 3, 1789. "Sweet Lass of Richmond Hill" erroneously said to have been a sweetheart of King George III When Madelon comes out to serve us drinks, We always know she's coming by her song. And every man he tells his little tale, And Madelon, she listens all day long. Our Madelon is never too severe— A kiss or two is nothing much to her— She laughs us up to love and life and God— Madelon, Madelon, Madelon. La Madelon , song of the French Soldiers in the Great War Who ever lov'd, that lov'd not at first sight? Christopher Marlowe , Hero and Leander. First Sestiad, line 176. Quoted as a "dead shepherd's saw." Found in As You Like It Love me little, love me long. Christopher Marlowe , The Jew of Malta (c. 1592), Act IV, scene 6 Come live with me, and be my love, And we will all the pleasures prove, That valleys, groves, or hills, or fields, Or woods and steepy mountains, yield. Christopher Marlowe , The Passionate Shepherd to his Love, Stanza 1 Quand on n'a pas ce que l'on aime, il faut aimer ce que l'on a. If one does not possess what one loves, one should love what one has. Jean-François Marmontel , quoted by Moore in Irish Melodies, The Irish Peasant to His Mistress, Note Non amo te, Sabidi, nec possum dicere quare; Hoc tantum posse dicere: non amo te. I do not love thee, Sabidius, nor can I say why; I can only say this, "I do not love thee." Martial , Epigrams (c. 80-104 AD), I. 33. 1. (Name sometimes given "Savidi.") I do not love thee, Dr. Fell. But why I cannot tell; But this I know full well, I do not love thee, Dr. Fell. Paraphrase of Martial by Tom Brown, as given in his Works, ed. by Drake. (1760). Answer to Dean John Fell, of Oxford, IV. 100 Je ne vous aime pas, Hylas; Je n'en saurois dire la cause; Je sais seulement une chose. C'est que je ne vous aime pas. Paraphrase of Martial by Robert Rabutin (De Bussy)—Epigram 32, Book I I love thee not, Nell But why I can't tell. Paraphrase of Martial in Thomas Forde's Virtus Rediviva I love him not, but show no reason wherefore, but this, I do not love the man. Paraphrase of Martial by Rowland Watkyns, Antipathy Love is a flame to burn out human wills, Love is a flame to set the will on fire, Love is a flame to cheat men into mire. John Masefield , Widow in the Bye Street, Part II Great men, Till they have gained their ends, are giants in Their promises, but, those obtained, weak pigmies In their performance. And it is a maxim Allowed among them, so they may deceive, They may swear anything; for the queen of love, As they hold constantly, does never punish, But smile, at lovers' perjuries. Philip Massinger , Great Duke of Florence, Act II, scene 3 'Tis well to be merry and wise, 'Tis well to be honest and true; 'Tis well to be off with the old love, Before you are on with the new. As used by Charles Maturin , for the motto to "Bertram," produced at Drury Lane, 1816 It is good to be merry and wise, It is good to be honest and true, It is best to be off with the old love, Before you are on with the new. Published in "Songs of England and Scotland." London, 1835, Volume II, p. 73 I loved you ere I knew you; know you now, And having known you, love you better still. Owen Meredith (Lord Lytton), Vanini Love is all in fire, and yet is ever freezing; Love is much in winning, yet is more in leesing: Love is ever sick, and yet is never dying; Love is ever true, and yet is ever lying; Love does doat in liking, and is mad in loathing; Love indeed is anything, yet indeed is nothing. Thomas Middleton , Blurt, Master Constable (c. 1601), Act II, scene 2 I never heard Of any true affection but 'twas nipped. Thomas Middleton , Blurt, Master Constable (c. 1601), Act III, scene 2 He who for love hath undergone The worst that can befall, Is happier thousandfold than one Who never loved at all. Monckton Milnes , To Myrzha, On Returning Such sober certainty of waking bliss. John Milton , Comus, 263 La fleur nominée héliotrope tourne sans cesse vers cet astre du jour, aussi mon cœur dorénavant tournera-t-il toujours vers les astres resplendissants de vos yeux adorables, ainsi que son pôle unique. The flower called heliotrope turns without ceasing to that star of the day, so also my heart henceforth will turn itself always towards the resplendent stars of your adorable eyes, as towards its only pole. Molière , Le Malade Imaginaire, Act II, scene 6 L'amour est souvent un fruit de mariage. Love is often a fruit of marriage. Molière , Sganarelle, I. 1 If a man should importune me to give a reason why I loved him, I find it could no otherwise be expressed than by making answer, Because it was he; because it was I. There is beyond all that I am able to say, I know not what inexplicable and fated power that brought on this union. Michel de Montaigne , Essays, Book I, Chapter XXVII Celuy ayme peu qui ayme à la mesure. He loves little who loves by rule. Michel de Montaigne , Essays, Book I, Chapter XXVIII Yes, loving is a painful thrill, And not to love more painful still; But oh, it is the worst of pain, To love and not be lov'd again. Thomas Moore , Anacreontic, Ode 29 No, the heart that has truly loved never forgets, But as truly loves on to the close, As the sunflower turns on her god, when he sets, The same look which she turn'd when he rose. Thomas Moore , Believe Me, If All Those Endearing Young Charms, Stanza 2 I know not, I ask not, if guilt's in that heart, I but know that I love thee, whatever thou art. Thomas Moore , Come, Rest in This Bosom, Stanza 2 A boat at midnight sent alone To drift upon the moonless sea, A lute, whose leading chord is gone, A wounded bird, that hath but one Imperfect wing to soar upon, Are like what I am, without thee. Thomas Moore , Loves of the Angels, Second Angel's Story But there's nothing half so sweet in life As love's young dream. Thomas Moore , Love's Young Dream, Stanza 1 "Tell me, what's Love;" said Youth, one day, To drooping Age, who crost his way.— "It is a sunny hour of play; For which repentance dear doth pay; Repentance! Repentance! Thomas Moore , Youth and Age I've wandered east, I've wandered west, I've bourne a weary lot; But in my wanderings far or near Ye never were forgot. The fount that first burst frae this heart Still travels on its way And channels deeper as it rins The luve o' life's young day. Duty's a slave that keeps the keys, But Love, the master goes in and out Of his goodly chambers with song and shout, Just as he please—just as he please. Ah, dearer than my soul… Dearer than light, or life, or fame. John Oldham , Lament for Saul and Jonathan Jupiter ex alto perjuria ridet amantum. Jupiter from on high laughs at the perjuries of lovers. Ovid , Ars Amatoria, Book I. 633 Res est soliciti plena timoris amor. Love is a thing full of anxious fears. Ovid , Heroides, I. 12 Quicquid Amor jussit non est contemnere tutum. Regnat, et in dominos jus habet ille deos. It is not safe to despise what Love commands. He reigns supreme, and rules the mighty gods. Ovid , Heroides, IV. 11 Hei mihi! quod nullis amor est medicabilis herbis. Ah me! love can not be cured by herbs. Ovid , Metamorphoses, I. 523 Non bene conveniunt, nec in una sede morantur, Majestas et amor. Love is a credulous thing. Ovid , Metamorphoses, VII. 826. Heroides, VI. 21 Otia si tollas, periere cupidinis arcus. If you give up your quiet life, the bow of Cupid will lose its power. Ovid , Remedia Amoris, CXXXIX Qui finem quæris amoris, (Cedit amor rebus) res age; tutus eris. If thou wishest to put an end to love, attend to business (love yields to employment); then thou wilt be safe. Ovid , Remedia Amoris, CXLIII Let those love now who never lov'd before, Let those who always loved now love the more. Thomas Parnell—Translation of the Pervigilium Veneris. Ancient poem. Author unknown. Ascribed to Catullus. See also Burton—Anatomy of Melancholy, Part III, Section II. Memb. 5. 5 The moods of love are like the wind, And none knows whence or why they rise. Coventry Patmore , The Angel in the House, Sarum Plain My merry, merry, merry roundelay Concludes with Cupid's curse, They that do change old love for new, Pray gods, they change for worse! George Peele , Cupid's Curse; From the Arraignment of Paris What thing is love?—for (well I wot) love is a thing. It is a prick, it is a sting. It is a pretty, pretty thing; It is a fire, it is a coal, Whose flame creeps in at every hole! George Peele , Miscellaneous Poems, The Hunting of Cupid Love will make men dare to die for their beloved—love alone; and women as well as men. Qui amat, tamen hercle si esurit, nullum esurit. He that is in love, faith, if he be hungry, is not hungry at all. Plautus , Casina, IV. 2. 16 Amor et melle et felle est fœcundissimus: Gustu dat dulce, amarum ad satietatem usque aggerit. Love has both its gall and honey in abundance: it has sweetness to the taste, but it presents bitterness also to satiety. Plautus , Cistellaria, I. 1. 71 Auro contra cedo modestum amatorem. Find me a reasonable lover against his weight in gold. Plautus , Curculio, I. 3. 45 Qui in amore præcipitavit pejus perit, quam si saxo saliat. He who falls in love meets a worse fate than he who leaps from a rock. Plautus , Trinummus, II. 1. 30 A lover's soul lives in the body of his mistress. Ah! what avails it me the flocks to keep, Who lost my heart while I preserv'd my sheep. Alexander Pope , Autumn, line 79 Is it, in Heav'n, a crime to love too well? To bear too tender or too firm a heart, To act a lover's or a Roman's part? Is there no bright reversion in the sky For those who greatly think, or bravely die? Alexander Pope , Elegy on an Unfortunate Lady Love, free as air, at sight of human ties, Spreads his light wings, and in a moment flies. Alexander Pope , Epistle to Eloisa, last line Ye gods, annihilate but space and time, And make two lovers happy. Alexander Pope , Martinus Scriblerus on the Art of Sinking in Poetry, Chapter XI O Love! for Sylvia let me gain the prize, And make my tongue victorious as her eyes. Alexander Pope , Spring, line 49 Scilicent insano nemo in amore videt. Everybody in love is blind. Sextus Propertius , Elegiæ, II. 14. 18 Divine is Love and scorneth worldly pelf, And can be bought with nothing but with self. Sir Walter Raleigh , Love the Only Price of Love If all the world and love were young, And truth in every shepherd's tongue, These pretty pleasures might me move To live with thee, and be thy love. Sir Walter Raleigh , The Nymph's Reply to the Passionate Shepherd Ach die Zeiten der Liebe rollen nicht zurück, sondern ewig weiter hinab. Ah! The seasons of love roll not backward but onward, downward forever. Die Liebe vermindert die weibliche Feinheit und verstärkt die männliche. Love lessens woman's delicacy and increases man's. Jean Paul Richter , Titan, Zykel 34 Ein liebendes Mädchen wird unbewust kühner. A loving maiden grows unconsciously more bold. Jean Paul Richter , Titan, Zykel 71 As one who cons at evening o'er an album all alone, And muses on the faces of the friends that he has known, So I turn the leaves of Fancy, till in shadowy design I find the smiling features of an old sweetheart of mine. James Whitcomb Riley , An Old Sweetheart of Mine The hours I spent with thee, dear heart, Are as a string of pearls to me; I count them over, every one apart, My rosary, my rosary. Oh! she was good as she was fair. None—none on earth above her! As pure in thought as angels are, To know her was to love her. Samuel Rogers , Jacqueline, Part I, line 68 Love is the fulfilling of the law. Romans, XIII. 10 Trust thou thy Love: if she be proud, is she not sweet? Trust thou thy love: if she be mute, is she not pure? Lay thou thy soul full in her hands, low at her feet— Fail, Sun and Breath!—yet, for thy peace, she shall endure. John Ruskin , Trust Thou Thy Love Whither thou goest, I will go; and where thou lodgest, I will lodge: thy people shall be my people, and thy God my God. Ruth. I. 16 Et l'on revient toujours à ses premiers amours. One always returns to his first love . St. Just L'amour est un égoïsme à deux. Love is an egotism of two. Antoine de Salle Thy love to me was wonderful, passing the love of women. II Samuel. I. 26 Raum ist in der kleinsten Hütte Für ein glücklich liebend Paar. In the smallest cot there is room enough for a loving pair. Friedrich Schiller , Der Jüngling am Bache, Stanza 4 Arm in Arm mit dir, So fordr' ich mein Jahrhundert in die Schranken. Thus Arm in Arm with thee I dare defy my century into the lists. Friedrich Schiller , Don Carlos, I. 9. 97 Ah, to that far distant strand Bridge there was not to convey, Not a bark was near at hand, Yet true love soon found the way. Friedrich Schiller , Hero and Leander. Bowring's translation O dass sie ewig grünen bliebe, Die schöne Zeit der jungen Liebe. O that it might remain eternally green, The beautiful time of youthful love. Friedrich Schiller , Lied von der Glocke Ich habe genossen das irdische Glück, Ich habe gelebt und geliebt. I have enjoyed earthly happiness, I have lived and loved. Friedrich Schiller , Piccolomini, III. 7. 9 Mortals, while through the world you go, Hope may succor and faith befriend, Yet happy your hearts if you can but know, Love awaits at the journey's end! Clinton Scollard , The Journey's End—Envoy And love is loveliest when embalm'd in tears. Walter Scott , Lady of the Lake (1810), Canto IV, Stanza 1 In peace, Love tunes the shepherd's reed; In war, he mounts the warrior's steed; In halls, in gay attire is seen; In hamlets, dances on the green. Love rules the court, the camp, the grove, And men below, and saints above; For love is heaven, and heaven is love. Walter Scott , The Lay of the Last Minstrel (1805), Canto III, Stanza 2 Her blue eyes sought the west afar, For lovers love the western star. Walter Scott , The Lay of the Last Minstrel (1805), Canto III, Stanza 24 True love's the gift which God has given To man alone beneath the heaven. It is the secret sympathy, The silver link, the silken tie, Which heart to heart, and mind to mind, In body and in soul can bind. Walter Scott , The Lay of the Last Minstrel (1805), Canto V, Stanza 13 Where shall the lover rest, Whom the fates sever From his true maiden's breast, Parted for ever? Where, through groves deep and high, Sounds the far billow, Walter Scott , Marmion (1808), Canto III, Stanza 10 Magis gauderes quod habueras, quam moereres quod amiseras. Better to have loved and lost, than not to have loved at all. (Free translation). Odit verus amor nec patitur moras. True love hates and will not bear delay. Seneca the Younger , Hercules Furens, 588 Qui blandiendo dulce nutrivit malum, Sero recusat ferre, quod subiit, jugum. He who has fostered the sweet poison of love by fondling it, finds it too late to refuse the yoke which he has of his own accord assumed. Si vis amari, ama. If you wish to be loved, love. Seneca the Younger , Epistolæ Ad Lucilium, IX. Ausonius—Epigrams. XCI. 6. Martial, Epigrams, VI. 11. Ovid, Ars Amatoria, II. 107. Attributed to Plato by Burton Love's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeks Within his bending sickle's compass come; Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks, But bears it out even to the edge of doom. If this be error and upon me prov'd, I never writ, nor no man ever lov'd. William Shakespeare , Sonnet CXVI When you loved me I gave you the whole sun and stars to play with. I gave you eternity in a single moment, strength of the mountains in one clasp of your arms, the volume of all the seas in one impulse of your soul. A moment only; but was it not enough? Were you not paid then for all the rest of your struggle on earth?… When I opened the gates of paradise, were you blind? Was it nothing to you? When all the stars sang in your ears and all the winds swept you the heart of heaven, were you deaf? were you dull? was I no more to you than a bone to a dog? Was it not enough? We spent eternity together; and you ask me for a little lifetime more. We possessed all the universe together; and you ask me to give you my scanty wages as well. I have given you the greatest of all things; and you ask me to give you little things. I gave you your own soul: you ask me for my body as a plaything. Was it not enough? Was it not enough? Bernard Shaw , Getting Married The fickleness of the woman I love is only equalled by the infernal constancy of the women who love me. Bernard Shaw , The Philanderer, Act II Love's Pestilence, and her slow dogs of war. Percy Bysshe Shelley , Hellas, line 321 My true-love hath my heart, and I have his, By just exchange, one for the other given; I hold his dear, and mine he cannot miss, There never was a better bargain driven. Sir Philip Sidney , My True Love Hath my Heart They love indeed who quake to say they love. Sir Philip Sidney , Astrophel and Stella, LIV Priests, altars, victims, swam before my sight. Edmund Smith , Phædra and Hippolytus, Act I, scene 1 Thy fatal shafts unerring move; I bow before thine altar, Love! Tobias Smollett , Roderick Random, Chapter XL, Stanza 1 Love is strong as death; jealousy is cruel as the grave. Song of Solomon, VIII. 6 Many waters cannot quench love, neither can the floods drown it. Song of Solomon, VIII. 7 And when my own Mark Antony Against young Cæsar strove, And Rome's whole world was set in arms, The cause was,—all for love. Robert Southey , All for Love, Part II, Stanza 26 Cupid "the little greatest god." Robert Southey , Commonplace Book. 4th Series, p. 462 They sin who tell us Love can die: With life all other passions fly, All others are but vanity, In Heaven Ambition cannot dwell, Nor Avarice in the vaults of Hell. Robert Southey , Curse of Kehama. Mount Meru, Stanza 10 Together linkt with adamantine chains. Edmund Spenser , Hymn in Honour of Love. Phrase used by Drummond, Flowers of Sion. Belvoir, in Harleian Miscellany, IV. 559. Phineas Fletcher—Purple Island, Chapter XII. 64. (1633). Manilius, Book I. 921. Marini—Sospetto d'Herode. Sts. 14 and 18, Crashaw's translation. Shelley, Revolt of Islam, III. 19 To be wise and eke to love, Is granted scarce to gods above. Edmund Spenser , Shepheard's Calendar, March Love is the emblem of eternity: it confounds all notion of time: effaces all memory of a beginning, all fear of an end. Anne Louise Germaine de Staël , Corinne (1807), Book VIII, Chapter II Where we really love, we often dread more than we desire the solemn moment that exchanges hope for certainty. Anne Louise Germaine de Staël , Corinne (1807), Book VIII, Chapter IV L'amour est l'histoire de la vie des femmes; c'est un épisode dans celle des hommes. Love is the history of a woman's life; it is an episode in man's. Anne Louise Germaine de Staël , De l'influence des passions, Works, III, p. 135. (Ed. 1820) Sweetheart, when you walk my way, Be it dark or be it day; Dreary winter, fairy May, I shall know and greet you. For each day of grief or grace Brings you nearer my embrace; Love hath fashioned your dear face, I shall know you when I meet you. Frank L. Stanton , Greeting To love her was a liberal education. Steele , of Lady Elizabeth Hastings, in The Tatler, No. 49. Augustine Birrell in Obiter Dicta calls this "the most magnificent compliment ever paid by man to a woman" I who all the Winter through, Cherished other loves than you And kept hands with hoary policy in marriage-bed and pew; Now I know the false and true, For the earnest sun looks through, And my old love comes to meet me in the dawning and the dew. Robert Louis Stevenson , poem written 1876 And my heart springs up anew, Bright and confident and true, And the old love comes to meet me, in the dawning and the dew. Robert Louis Stevenson , poem written 1876 Just like Love is yonder rose, Heavenly fragrance round it throws, Yet tears its dewy leaves disclose, And in the midst of briars it blows Just like Love. Viscount Strangford , Just like Love, Translation of Poems of Camoens Why so pale and wan, fond lover, Prithee, why so pale? Will, when looking well can't move her, Looking ill prevail? Sir John Suckling , Song, Stanza 1 Love in its essence is spiritual fire. Emanuel Swedenborg , True Christian Religion, Par. 31 In all I wish, how happy should I be, Thou grand Deluder, were it not for thee? So weak thou art that fools thy power despise; And yet so strong, thou triumph'st o'er the wise. Love, as is told by the seers of old, Comes as a butterfly tipped with gold, Flutters and flies in sunlit skies, Weaving round hearts that were one time cold. If love were what the rose is, And I were like the leaf, Our lives would grow together In sad or singing weather. O Love, O great god Love, what have I done, That thou shouldst hunger so after my death? My heart is harmless as my life's first day: Seek out some false fair woman, and plague her Till her tears even as my tears fill her bed. Algernon Charles Swinburne , The Complaint of Lisa Love laid his sleepless head On a thorny rose bed: And his eyes with tears were red, And pale his lips as the dead. Algernon Charles Swinburne , Love Laid his Sleepless Head I that have love and no more Give you but love of you, sweet; He that hath more, let him give; He that hath wings, let him soar; Mine is the heart at your feet Here, that must love you to live. Cogas amantem irasci, amare si velis. You must make a lover angry if you wish him to love. Syrus , Maxims Tum, ut adsolet in amore et ira, jurgia, preces, exprobrutio, satisfactio. Then there is the usual scene when lovers are excited with each other, quarrels, entreaties, reproaches, and then fondling reconcilement. Tacitus , Annales (AD 117), XIII. 44 When gloaming treads the heels of day And birds sit cowering on the spray, Along the flowery hedge I stray, To meet mine ain dear somebody. I love thee, I love but thee, With a love that shall not die Till the sun grows cold, And the stars are old, And the leaves of the Judgment Book unfold! Love better is than Fame. Bayard Taylor , Christmas Sonnets, Lyrics. To J. L. G Love's history, as Life's, is ended not By marriage. Bayard Taylor , Lars, Book III For love's humility is Love's true pride. Bayard Taylor , Poet's Journal, Third Evening. The Mother And on her lover's arm she leant, And round her waist she felt it fold, And far across the hills they went In that new world which is the old. Alfred Tennyson , Day Dream, The Departure. I I loved you, and my love had no return, And therefore my true love has been my death. Alfred Tennyson , Lancelot and Elaine, line 1,298 Shall it not be scorn to me to harp on such a moulder'd string? I am shamed through all my nature to have lov'd so slight a thing. Alfred Tennyson , Locksley Hall (1835, published 1842), Stanza 74 Love is hurt with jar and fret; Love is made a vague regret. Alfred Tennyson , The Miller's Daughter, Stanza 28 It is best to love wisely, no doubt; but to love foolishly is better than not to be able to love at all. William Makepeace Thackeray , Pendennis, Chapter VI Werther had a love for Charlotte, Such as words could never utter; Would you know how first he met her? She was cutting bread and butter. William Makepeace Thackeray , The Sorrows of Werther Like to a wind-blown sapling grow I from The cliff, Sweet, of your skyward-jetting soul,— Shook by all gusts that sweep it, overcome By all its clouds incumbent; O be true To your soul, dearest, as my life to you! For if that soil grow sterile, then the whole Of me must shrivel, from the topmost shoot Of climbing poesy, and my life, killed through, Dry down and perish to the foodless root. Francis Thompson , Manus Animam Pinxit Why should we kill the best of passions, love? It aids the hero, bids ambition rise To nobler heights, inspires immortal deeds, Even softens brutes, and adds a grace to virtue. James Thomson , Sophonisba, Act V, scene 2 O, what are you waiting for here? young man! What are you looking for over the bridge?— A little straw hat with the streaming blue ribbons Is soon to come dancing over the bridge. Nec jurare time; Veneris perjuria venti Irrita per terras et freta summa ferunt, Gratia magna Jovi; vetuit pater ipse valere, Jurasset cupide quicquid ineptus amor. Fear not to swear; the winds carry the perjuries of lovers without effect over land and sea, thanks to Jupiter. The father of the gods himself has denied effect to what foolish lovers in their eagerness have sworn. Tibullus , Carmina, I, 4, 21 Perjuria ridet amantium Jupiter et ventos irrita ferre jubet. At lovers' perjuries Jove laughs and throws them idly to the winds. Tibullus , Carmina, III, 6, 49 Die Liebe wintert nicht; Nein, nein! Ist und bleibt Frühlings-Schein. Love knows no winter; no, no! It is, and remains the sign of spring. At first, she loved nought else but flowers, And then—she only loved the rose; And then—herself alone; and then— She knew not what, but now—she knows. Ridgely Torrence , House of a Hundred Lights For Truth makes holy Love's illusive dreams, And their best promise constantly redeems. The warrior for the True, the Right, Fights in Love's name; The love that lures thee from that fight Lures thee to shame: That love which lifts the heart, yet leaves The spirit free,— That love, or none, is fit for one Man-shaped like thee. Virgil , Æneid (29-19 BC), IV. 296 For all true love is grounded on esteem. Villiers (Duke of Buckingham) To love is to believe, to hope, to know; 'Tis an essay, a taste of Heaven below! Edmund Waller , Divine Poems, Divine Love, Canto III, line 17 Could we forbear dispute, and practise love, We should agree as angels do above. Edmund Waller , Divine Poems, Divine Love, Canto III, line 25 And the King with his golden sceptre, The Pope with Saint Peter's key, Can never unlock the one little heart That is opened only to me. For I am the Lord of a Realm, And I am Pope of a See; Indeed I'm supreme in the kingdom That is sitting, just now, on my knee. C. H. Webb , The King and the Pope What we can do for another is the test of powers; what we can suffer for is the test of love. O, rank is good, and gold is fair, And high and low mate ill; But love has never known a law Beyond its own sweet will! John Greenleaf Whittier , Amy Wentworth, Stanza 18 "I'm sorry that I spell'd the word; I hate to go above you, Because"—the brown eyes lower fell,— "Because, you see, I love you!" John Greenleaf Whittier , In School-Days, Stanza 4 Your love in a cottage is hungry, Your vine is a nest for flies— Your milkmaid shocks the Graces, And simplicity talks of pies! You lie down to your shady slumber And wake with a bug in your ear, And your damsel that walks in the morning Is shod like a mountaineer. Nathaniel Parker Willis , Low in a Cottage, Stanza 3 He loves not well whose love is bold! I would not have thee come too nigh. The sun's gold would not seem pure gold Unless the sun were in the sky: To take him thence and chain him near Would make his beauty disappear. The unconquerable pang of despised love. William Wordsworth , Excursion, Book VI. Hamlet, Act III, scene 1 For mightier far Than strength of nerve or sinew, or the sway Of magic potent over sun and star, Is love, though oft to agony distrest, And though his favourite be feeble woman's breast. William Wordsworth , Laodamia, Stanza 15 O dearer far than light and life are dear. William Wordsworth , Poems Founded on the Affections, No. XIX. To. ——, VII. 114 While all the future, for thy purer soul, With "sober certainties" of love is blest. William Wordsworth , Poems Founded on the Affections, VII. 115. (Knight's ed.) Farewell, Love, and all thy laws for ever. Sir Thomas Wyatt , Songs and Sonnets, A Renouncing of Love. With every act of love we move a little closer to immortality, whereas every act of hate brings us nearer to death. Recueil de Caprices	i don't know
Who, in 1984, won the BBC Sports Personality Of The Year Award, the only time it has been awarded to two people?	BBC Sport - Sports Personality of the Year - Sports Personality facts and figures Sports Personality facts and figures Elton John presented the 1984 award to Torvill and Dean Sports Personality of the Year Venue: Birmingham LG Arena Date: Sunday, 19 December Time: 1900 GMT Coverage: Live on BBC One, BBC Radio 5 Live & BBC Sport website. BBC Sports Personality of the Year celebrates its 57th anniversary this year and remains one of the most important fixtures on the sporting calendar. The end-of-the-year television spectacle began in 1954, when it attracted a television audience of 12m, who watched athlete Chris Chataway pick up the main award in recognition of setting the 5,000m world record. Chataway fought off tough competition, beating Roger Bannister to the award, despite Bannister becoming the first man to run a mile in under four minutes that same year - where Chataway was his pacemaker. Votes were cast by postcard back in 1954, with 14,517 votes arriving at BBC HQ. Since Chataway was honoured, there have been 54 sportsmen and sportswomen who have won the coveted title of BBC Sports Personality of the Year, while many others have been recipients of the other BBC Spoty awards. BBC Sport has delved through the archives to look back on the history of Sports Personality of the Year. SPORTS PERSONALITY OF THE YEAR • BBC's Sports Personality of the Year was created in 1954 by Sir Paul Fox, then editor of the magazine show Sportsview, and was presented by Peter Dimmock. • Dimmock was the first of 11 presenters. Frank Bough, Harry Carpenter, Des Lynam, Steve Rider, Sue Barker, Gary Lineker, Clare Balding, John Inverdale, Adrian Chiles and Jake Humphery have all played their part since. Bough was the longest running presenter, notching up a record 19 shows between 1964 and 1982. • The first show was called Sportsview, before it was re-titled as Sports Review of the Year and then became, as we know it today, Sports Personality of the Year, in 1999. • The event had been hosted at various venues around London before the decision was taken to move the show outside the capital four years ago and give the public the chance to attend the staging. The Birmingham NEC was its first port of call in 2006 and 2007 before the event moved on to Liverpool's Echo Arena in 2008 and the Sheffield Arena in 2009. Birmingham will host the show for a third time in 2010 when the LG Arena hosts the show. • Other venues to have hosted the ceremony include the Savoy Hotel, Grosvenor House Hotel, Television Theatre, Shepherd's Bush Empire, New London Theatre, Queen Elizabeth II Centre and BBC Television Centre. THE MAIN AWARD - IN NUMBERS • Swimmer Ian Black became the youngest winner of the award in 1958, at the age of 17, and golfer Dai Rees is the oldest winner, having picked up the accolade at the age of 44 in 1957. • Kelly Holmes win in 2004 was the 17th time a track and field athlete had received the accolade - the most of any sport. This is followed by motor racing, which has produced six winners. Boxing and football have both provided five winners, with four winners from the world of Cricket. Perhaps surprisingly there has only been one winner from Rugby Union - Jonny Wilkinson in 2003. • Only three people have won the award twice: Henry Cooper (1967 and 1970), Nigel Mansell (1986 and 1992) and Damon Hill (1994 and 1996). • In 1960, the first Overseas Personality of the Year award was picked up by Australian athlete Herb Elliott. The same year, the inaugural Team of the Year prize was presented to the Cooper Formula One Racing team. • Swimmer Anita Lonsbrough was the first female to win Personality of the Year in 1962, with Dorothy Hyman (1963) and Mary Rand (1964) making it a hat-trick of female winners. FACTS AND STATS ON SPOTY'S OTHER AWARDS • Skating duo Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean won Team of the Year twice (1982 & 1983) and Sports Personality of the Year once, in their golden year of 1984. Bobby Moore, Nick Faldo, showjumper David Broome, Steve Redgrave, David Beckham, Jonny Wilkinson, Andrew Flintoff and Ryan Giggs are the only others to have collected the individual prize and been part of a winning Team of the Year. • Muhammad Ali has been named Overseas Personality of the Year three times (1973, 1974 and 78) - a feat matched by Roger Federer (2004, 2006, 2007) However, Ali was also awarded the BBC Sports Personality of the Century Award in 1999. • The Ryder Cup Golf team (Europe and Britain) are the most successful team, winning Team of the Year in 1985, 1987, 1995 and 2002. However, football teams have collected the trophy on more occasions than anyone else, taking the trophy 12 times - with Liverpool lifting it on three occasions (1977, 1986 and 2001). FIVE AWARDS ONLY WON ONCE Manager of the Year - Leeds United's Don Revie (1969) Special Team Award - GB men's 4x400m team (1986) Good Sport Awards - Derek Warwick, Martin Donnelly, Louise Aitken-Walker for motorsport (1990) International Team Award - Alan Bond and the crew of Australia II in sailing (1983) Sports Personality of the Century Award - Muhammed Ali (1999) • Sir Alex Ferguson was named as the first winner of the Coach of the Year award in 1999. The Manchester United manager also won the first Lifetime Achievement Award in 2001. • Dean Macey (1999) and Jenson Button (2000) won the Newcomer of the Year awards before that award was replaced by the Young Personality of the Year prize in 2001 - last won by Tom Daley in 2009. The Helen Rollason Award, named after the former BBC sports presenter who died after a battle against cancer, was introduced in 1999. The Unsung Hero award began life in 2003 and is awarded to a volunteer who has made a difference to their community through sport. Three Special Awards have also been presented to Sebastian Coe (2005) for helping with the London 2012 bid, to comedian David Walliams (2006) for raising money for Sport Relief by swimming the Channel and to comedian Eddie Izzard (2009) for raising money for Sport Relief by running 43 marathons in 51 days. SURPRISING SPOTY STATS • Every time a British athlete has won an individual gold medal at the Winter Olympics, that person has gone on to lift the SPOTY trophy - John Curry (1976) and Robin Cousins (1980). The success of Torvill and Dean in 1984 suggests SPOTY viewers are fond of their Winter Olympic champions. • Surprisingly no jockey has ever won the main award - AP McCoy came third in 2002, while Frankie Dettori was third in 1996. Lester Piggot was given special achievement awards in 1984 and 1994 to recognise his incredible achievements. • The last golfer to win SPOTY was Nick Faldo in 1989, after winning the US Open and being part of the successful Ryder Cup team. • In the award's 57-year history, only once has six years passed without a track and field athlete winning the main award. Five years have now passed since the last track and field athlete, Kelly Holmes, picked up the gong. • In the last 57 years there have been 14 years containing Summer and/or Winter Olympic Games. In those 14 years SPOTY has been won by an Olympian on 10 occasions. Bookmark with:	Torvill and Dean
How many babies did Janet Walton give birth to in November, 1983?	BBC Sport - Sports Personality of the Year - Sports Personality facts and figures Sports Personality facts and figures Elton John presented the 1984 award to Torvill and Dean Sports Personality of the Year Venue: Birmingham LG Arena Date: Sunday, 19 December Time: 1900 GMT Coverage: Live on BBC One, BBC Radio 5 Live & BBC Sport website. BBC Sports Personality of the Year celebrates its 57th anniversary this year and remains one of the most important fixtures on the sporting calendar. The end-of-the-year television spectacle began in 1954, when it attracted a television audience of 12m, who watched athlete Chris Chataway pick up the main award in recognition of setting the 5,000m world record. Chataway fought off tough competition, beating Roger Bannister to the award, despite Bannister becoming the first man to run a mile in under four minutes that same year - where Chataway was his pacemaker. Votes were cast by postcard back in 1954, with 14,517 votes arriving at BBC HQ. Since Chataway was honoured, there have been 54 sportsmen and sportswomen who have won the coveted title of BBC Sports Personality of the Year, while many others have been recipients of the other BBC Spoty awards. BBC Sport has delved through the archives to look back on the history of Sports Personality of the Year. SPORTS PERSONALITY OF THE YEAR • BBC's Sports Personality of the Year was created in 1954 by Sir Paul Fox, then editor of the magazine show Sportsview, and was presented by Peter Dimmock. • Dimmock was the first of 11 presenters. Frank Bough, Harry Carpenter, Des Lynam, Steve Rider, Sue Barker, Gary Lineker, Clare Balding, John Inverdale, Adrian Chiles and Jake Humphery have all played their part since. Bough was the longest running presenter, notching up a record 19 shows between 1964 and 1982. • The first show was called Sportsview, before it was re-titled as Sports Review of the Year and then became, as we know it today, Sports Personality of the Year, in 1999. • The event had been hosted at various venues around London before the decision was taken to move the show outside the capital four years ago and give the public the chance to attend the staging. The Birmingham NEC was its first port of call in 2006 and 2007 before the event moved on to Liverpool's Echo Arena in 2008 and the Sheffield Arena in 2009. Birmingham will host the show for a third time in 2010 when the LG Arena hosts the show. • Other venues to have hosted the ceremony include the Savoy Hotel, Grosvenor House Hotel, Television Theatre, Shepherd's Bush Empire, New London Theatre, Queen Elizabeth II Centre and BBC Television Centre. THE MAIN AWARD - IN NUMBERS • Swimmer Ian Black became the youngest winner of the award in 1958, at the age of 17, and golfer Dai Rees is the oldest winner, having picked up the accolade at the age of 44 in 1957. • Kelly Holmes win in 2004 was the 17th time a track and field athlete had received the accolade - the most of any sport. This is followed by motor racing, which has produced six winners. Boxing and football have both provided five winners, with four winners from the world of Cricket. Perhaps surprisingly there has only been one winner from Rugby Union - Jonny Wilkinson in 2003. • Only three people have won the award twice: Henry Cooper (1967 and 1970), Nigel Mansell (1986 and 1992) and Damon Hill (1994 and 1996). • In 1960, the first Overseas Personality of the Year award was picked up by Australian athlete Herb Elliott. The same year, the inaugural Team of the Year prize was presented to the Cooper Formula One Racing team. • Swimmer Anita Lonsbrough was the first female to win Personality of the Year in 1962, with Dorothy Hyman (1963) and Mary Rand (1964) making it a hat-trick of female winners. FACTS AND STATS ON SPOTY'S OTHER AWARDS • Skating duo Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean won Team of the Year twice (1982 & 1983) and Sports Personality of the Year once, in their golden year of 1984. Bobby Moore, Nick Faldo, showjumper David Broome, Steve Redgrave, David Beckham, Jonny Wilkinson, Andrew Flintoff and Ryan Giggs are the only others to have collected the individual prize and been part of a winning Team of the Year. • Muhammad Ali has been named Overseas Personality of the Year three times (1973, 1974 and 78) - a feat matched by Roger Federer (2004, 2006, 2007) However, Ali was also awarded the BBC Sports Personality of the Century Award in 1999. • The Ryder Cup Golf team (Europe and Britain) are the most successful team, winning Team of the Year in 1985, 1987, 1995 and 2002. However, football teams have collected the trophy on more occasions than anyone else, taking the trophy 12 times - with Liverpool lifting it on three occasions (1977, 1986 and 2001). FIVE AWARDS ONLY WON ONCE Manager of the Year - Leeds United's Don Revie (1969) Special Team Award - GB men's 4x400m team (1986) Good Sport Awards - Derek Warwick, Martin Donnelly, Louise Aitken-Walker for motorsport (1990) International Team Award - Alan Bond and the crew of Australia II in sailing (1983) Sports Personality of the Century Award - Muhammed Ali (1999) • Sir Alex Ferguson was named as the first winner of the Coach of the Year award in 1999. The Manchester United manager also won the first Lifetime Achievement Award in 2001. • Dean Macey (1999) and Jenson Button (2000) won the Newcomer of the Year awards before that award was replaced by the Young Personality of the Year prize in 2001 - last won by Tom Daley in 2009. The Helen Rollason Award, named after the former BBC sports presenter who died after a battle against cancer, was introduced in 1999. The Unsung Hero award began life in 2003 and is awarded to a volunteer who has made a difference to their community through sport. Three Special Awards have also been presented to Sebastian Coe (2005) for helping with the London 2012 bid, to comedian David Walliams (2006) for raising money for Sport Relief by swimming the Channel and to comedian Eddie Izzard (2009) for raising money for Sport Relief by running 43 marathons in 51 days. SURPRISING SPOTY STATS • Every time a British athlete has won an individual gold medal at the Winter Olympics, that person has gone on to lift the SPOTY trophy - John Curry (1976) and Robin Cousins (1980). The success of Torvill and Dean in 1984 suggests SPOTY viewers are fond of their Winter Olympic champions. • Surprisingly no jockey has ever won the main award - AP McCoy came third in 2002, while Frankie Dettori was third in 1996. Lester Piggot was given special achievement awards in 1984 and 1994 to recognise his incredible achievements. • The last golfer to win SPOTY was Nick Faldo in 1989, after winning the US Open and being part of the successful Ryder Cup team. • In the award's 57-year history, only once has six years passed without a track and field athlete winning the main award. Five years have now passed since the last track and field athlete, Kelly Holmes, picked up the gong. • In the last 57 years there have been 14 years containing Summer and/or Winter Olympic Games. In those 14 years SPOTY has been won by an Olympian on 10 occasions. Bookmark with:	i don't know
Who played Lord Melchett in the TV comedy series Blackadder II?	Blackadder: Where are they now? Edmund, Baldrick, 'Bob', Lord Melchett and many more - Mirror Online TV Blackadder: Where are they now? Edmund, Baldrick, 'Bob', Lord Melchett and many more We would LOVE to see the comedy series back on the box but until then let's look at the stars then and now Share Get celebs updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email Blackadder returning to our screens would be amazing. The multi award-winning series which ran from 15 June 1983 until 2 November 1989, was much loved by avid fans as Rowan Atkinson, Tony Robinson and the gang ran riot on terrestrial TV. Robinson - who played Baldrick across all four series and three specials - has recent admitted he and his former castmates have chatted bout a return and it's "on the cards". But until then, let's look at where the stars are now. Video Loading Click to play Tap to play The video will start in 8Cancel Play now Rowan Atkinson Rowan Atkinson as Captain Blackadder (Photo: BBC, PA) Atkinson appeared in every episode of the series in one form or another as Edmund Blackadder. He starred as Prince Edmund, in The Black Adder, series 1, Lord Blackadder (2), Mr. E. Blackadder (3) and Captain Blackadder (4). In the spin-off’s he played Ebenezer Blackadder (Blackadder Christmas Carol) and Lord Blackadder V (Back and Forth). Rowan Atkinson was Blackadder (Photo: BBC, Rex) Since the show, his most famous character has been Mr Bean who returned for Comic Relief in 2015. The beloved character returned to Red Nose Day for the first time in eight years. This time he was joined by actors Ben Miller and Rebecca Front for a sketch with “twists, turns and complications”. poll loading Would you watch a new series of Blackadder? 1000+ VOTES SO FAR Leave it in the past Tony Robinson Tony Robinson as Baldrick in Blackadder (Photo: Rex) Robinson starred as general dogsbody Baldrick. The dim-but-lovable character served as a sidekick to Edmund and since that role Robinson has done so much. Video Loading Click to play Tap to play The video will start in 8Cancel Play now Share this video Watch Next His latest series on Channel 4, Walking Through History, which sees the presenter stroll through some of Britain's beautiful and historic landscapes, has already proven to be a success. The former Time Team host recently joked that Hugh Laurie's enormous success in the US has been the only stumbling block for a potential reunion. He teased: "The only problem is Hugh's fee. He's a huge star now - or so he'd like to think." Video Loading Click to play Tap to play The video will start in 8Cancel Play now However, Tony admitted that any potential return for the comedy - whose final series debuted in 1989 - would run the risk of disappointing fans. He added: "Expectations for a new series will be high because people not only remember the original, they remember who they were when it was on. it's a big danger." RIP Rik Mayall RIP Rik Mayall who played Lord Flashheart in Blackadder (Photo: BBC, Rex) Mayall played Lord Flashheart in the series. Flashheart was boisterous and arrogant, and appears very attractive to all the women he comes in contact with. Mayall went on to have multiple success with many characters. The anarchic comic star unfortunately passed away last year, aged 56. Tim McInnerny Tim McInnerny as Darling in Blackadder (Photo: BBC, PA) McInnerny played a number of characters but the main ones were Lord Percy of Blackadder II and Darling in Blackadder Goes Forth. After the series he had success in Notting Hill, 101 Dalmations, and Severance, alongside Danny Dyer. His IMDB says he's also in the 2016-planned Eddie the Eagle movie, starring Hugh Jackman and Taron Egerton as the Winter Olympics hopeful. Stephen Fry Stephen Fry as Lord Melchett in Blackadder (Photo: BBC, Corbis) Stephen Fry played Lord Melchett and General Melchett in the series. In Blackadder Goes Forth, Melchett came into his own and was loved by viewers. Since the show, Fry - with his 11.2m followers on Twitter - has had a range of success. TV quiz show QI, V for Vendetta and a stint as Prime Minister Alastair Davies in 24: Live Another Day are just a few of his projects. Brian Blessed Brian Blessed as King Richard IV in Blackadder (Photo: BBC, PA) Yes Blessed was in Blackadder. Starring in all six episodes of the first series back in 1983 as King Richard IV. Hugh Laurie Hugh Laurie as George in Blackadder (Photo: WENN) Laurie starred as various incarnations of George in the series. The first was a caricature of George, Prince of Wales, serving as the main antagonist of the third series. The second, Lt. The Hon. George Colthurst St Barleigh. He was a young officer in the British Army during World War I and wary of anything to do with the conflict. Since the show Laurie went off to be a big star in America. House, Veep and Stuart Little are just a few of his success stories. Gabrielle Glaister as 'Bob' in Blackadder (Photo: BBC, Rex) 'Bob'. We all remember 'Bob'. Since the programme, Gabrielle Glaister, has starred in Coronation Street, Family Affairs and more recently, Doctors. Miranda Richardson Miranda Richardson as Queenie in Blackadder (Photo: BBC, Flynet) How brilliant was Queenie? Massive Hollywood movies like Sleepy Hollow, Empire of the Sun and The Phantom of the Opera litter her IMDB. Don't Forget her role as Rita Skeeter in the Harry Potter series. Robbie Coltrane Robbie Coltrane as The Spirit of Christmas (Photo: BBC, Rex) TV favourite Coltrane played two roles in the hit series. Once he was simply The Spirit of Christmas in a spin-off. Brilliant. Do we need to mention Cracker? RIP Patsy Byrne RIP Patsy Byrne who played Nursie in Blackadder (Photo: BBC, Rex) Patsy Byrne played Nursie to Miranda Richardson’s Queenie in Blackadder. Byrne passed away last year at the age of 80 and Sir Tony Robinson led tributes to his co-star . The actor and presenter joined Blackadder producer John Lloyd in hailing Byrne, who became well-known for playing Nursie in the second series of the hit 1980s comedy . Denville Hall, a care home for elderly actors in north-west London, confirmed that she died on June 17. Video Loading Sir Tony told BBC Five Live she had been like a mother to "her boys" on the show and was "indulgent" towards them despite being an experienced actress who had performed for the Royal Shakespeare Company. He said: "She had unerring skill to make the daftest, silliest thing sound absolutely real and absolutely plausible. "I remember seeing her in As You Like It and it was one of those parts where the actress usually goes 'de dum de dum de dum de dum de dum' but the way she said it was so that each word was a revelation to her and I think that was one of her great comic skills." Like us on Facebook	Stephen Fry
Which band had a hit in the 1980s with the single Broken Wings?	"Black-Adder II" Reviews & Ratings - IMDb from West Virginia 20 April 2004 This has to be the funniest, most scathing comedy series of all times. Rowan Atkinson, whose persona and looks change with each reincarnation, is, in these episodes, a strutting peacock always on the lookout for funds to support his lifestyle and he is, in a word, priceless! The supporting cast is without peer...Baldrick the filthy: Lord Percy Percy, the stupidest git that ever drew breath; Queenie, the psychotic; Nursie with the udder fixation; Lord Melchett, the brown-noser.......all are perfect. And others who pop up in particular episodes are spot on. The famous Blackadder sneer begins in these episodes and the insults fly like fleas from Baldrick's hair. In Blackadder II, "Chains" is the one that will make you choke with laughter. Hugh Laurie, as Prince Ludwig who doesn't want to "inconwenience the quveen" is hilarious and the secret of Lord Melchett's sheep is revealed.....baaaaaa. If you like Blackadder in all it's iterations, buy the book "Blackadder, the Whole Damn Dynasty".....it contains the complete scripts of each episode and you can laugh all over again. This is the best of the best in British humor! Was the above review useful to you? 29 out of 30 people found the following review useful: Definitive Blackadder from Hampshire, England 14 December 2000 To many who watched the ongoing saga of the Blackadder family at the time of release, this is the best Blackadder series of them all - and they have a very strong case. Although this is not my own personal favourite (I prefer the original series), this second installment is a superb piece of comedy. The time-period moves on approximately sixty years to Elizabethan England and follows the story of Edmund Blackadder (Rowan Atkinson) - the great-grandson of the original slimy Blackadder. This time Edmund is not a Prince of the realm but a Lord in the court of Good Queen Bess (the wonderful Miranda Richardson). Tim McInnerny continues in the role as Percy and he threatens to steal the show throughout. Percy's character is built on from the first series, being given a more child-like and innocent personality to go with the lack of brain cells, and this combined with McInnerny's fantastic performance gives the comedy an added dimension and direction. The Baldrick role (Tony Robinson) is also reprised, but instead of the street-wise peasant with the cunning plan of series one, we get the first incarnation of the Baldrick character we are now more familiar with - dirty, smelly and incredibly stupid. In this series it works, because now Blackadder himself is significantly brighter and more refined than his ancestor and this time he's armed with a razor-sharp wit. The characters do complement each other well, but the close-nit group of the first series is now missing with Blackadder resenting and mistreating his sidekicks throughout, but this is used well for comic effect. The supporting cast is also excellent and the characters they play are brilliantly written. Elizabeth herself is portrayed as a spoilt little school-girl, complete with screams! Richardson plays this role superbly and with hilarious results with the queen being highly unpredictable and volatile. Elizabeth also has a couple of loyal sidekicks, Nursy (Patsy Byrne) the woman who weaned her as a child, and Melchett (Stephen Fry), her advisor. All of these characters add weight to the comedy, and are sufficiently different to each other to provide alternative directions in comedy. Although Blackadder does have a basic goal in this series - to marry Elizabeth and become her consort - it does not drive the plot as much in this series as it did in the first. The plots for each episode however are still extremely entertaining and contain the basic premise of Blackadder getting into a desperate situation that he must get out of - with the aid (or hindrance) of Percy and Baldrick. The stories are well-thought out and the comedy a good-blend of dry-wit from Blackadder and farcical situations. The stories are well scripted and contain some excellent supporting characters played memorably by the likes of Rik Mayall (of Young Ones and Drop Dead Fred fame), Ronald Lacey (Raiders of the Lost Ark) and ex Dr Who Tom Baker. This series of Blackadder successfully alters the main character into the intelligent and dry cynic, because it does not do so at the expense of the other characters and the plots. Ben Elton's influence however is evident with the supporting characters being of the less intelligent type, aluding to things to come in the next two series where these characters becoming the main target for the humour. Blackadder II works so well because it is the stories that drive the humour with the dry-wit as an added bonus - things were about to be reversed. Like the first series this is a classic of comedy and well deserves its standing as, arguably, the most popular Blackadder series. The first and last series of Blackadder could not be further apart in terms of humour and subtlety - this series fuses both styles to create, perhaps the definitive Blackadder. Was the above review useful to you? 19 out of 20 people found the following review useful: The best, by far! from Xanadu 28 June 2003 Blackadder II is the finest series of them all. we have the perfect cast and the crispest writing. Everything is spot on here. Miranda Richardson joins the cast, as a particularly loopy Queen Elizabeth. Stehen Fry joins in as the toadying Lord Melchett and the delightful Patsy Byrne is the daft Nursie. Rowan Atkinson, Tony Robinson, and Tim McInnerny are back as the descendants of their previous characters. Percy is still a cretin, but now so is Baldrick! Luckily, Lord Edmund is a step above his ancestor, even if his station in life has fallen. The guests this time include Hugh Laurie as mad Prince Ludwig, Rik Mayall in his first turn as the great Lord Flasheart, and Tom Baker as a rather insane sea captain. If you never get to see any of the other series, watch this one. Was the above review useful to you? 18 out of 19 people found the following review useful: Excellent and original from Surrey, England 10 August 2003 Blackadder II is a vast improvement over its less popular predecessor. The second series was almost not made due to the lack of success of the original, and clearly the writers re-considered Blackadder's character. He, rather than the now dull-witted Baldrick, is the more intelligent of the pair and his character is now quick-witted, cunning and offers much in sarcastic humour. This, and possible Blackadder goes Forth, is the best of all the Blackadder series. Blackadder's new character is much funnier and Atkinson plays it masterfully. The series itself takes place some one hundred years after the first, just before the turn of the 17th century. I recommend it to all comedy fans. Was the above review useful to you? 11 out of 11 people found the following review useful: Blackadder as good as it ever was from United Kingdom 8 June 2002 Lord Edmund Blackadder is a Lord in the court of Queen Elizabeth I. With his long suffering servant Baldrick and `close-friend' Percy he must wiggle his way through several sticky situations to come through with his political state and his skin intact! This second of four series of Blackadder ranks as one of the consistently best. It may not be as fresh as the thrid and fourth series mainly because the later series were sharper, crueler and benefited from very familiar (and by then quite famous) characters and actors. The stories were always a little absurd but built around the deadpan, downbeat Blackadder. Plots include the Blackadder falling in love with his female man-servant Bob, beheading a man who was meant to be pardoned or just being kidnapped by a French master of disguise. They all are filled with sarcasm and wit and make up for the daffy plots. Atkinson is comfortable in his role but is better in series 3. Robinson is funny in a poor role of Baldrick. McInnerny is OK as percy but is not as good an idiot as Laurie's Prince in 3. The royal court is funny with Fry, Richardson and Byrne all good. Overall this is as good as all the series are. Witty, cruel, sarcastic and with off the wall plots and extreme characters it's typical of how good British comedy can be. Was the above review useful to you? 8 out of 8 people found the following review useful: The Elisabethan Sitcom from Ambrosia 22 August 2006 'Blackadder 2' provoked outrage when first broadcast in the U.K. Those who'd liked the first series were extremely unhappy at the show's reformatting; Nina Myskow, television critic of 'The News Of The World' bestowed on Rowan Atkinson her infamous 'wally of the week' title. Its only with the benefit of hindsight can we see now that the changes were absolutely spot-on; Edmund becoming a sarcastic cad, Baldrick turning stupid, and the expensive film sequences dropped in favour of stronger characterisations and tighter plots. Without the likes of Brian Blessed to constantly upstage him, Atkinson was free to dominate the show. Ben Elton replaced Atkinson as Richard Curtis' co-writer - another wise move. As the squeaky-voiced 'Queenie', Miranda Richardson was simply outstanding. Tom Baker played 'Captain 'Redbeard' Rum' in one episode, a tour-de-force of over-the-top acting. The weight of public opinion gradually swung behind 'Blackadder 2' - its now regarded as better than its predecessor. Was the above review useful to you? 8 out of 8 people found the following review useful: So good it hurts from United Kingdom 10 March 2006 I adore this. It's about as funny as old-fashioned brutal British sarcasm gets. Not only that, but the characters themselves are fantastic, despite the theory that it is "being a true and japesome historie of Englande" is perhaps a little unlikely. Favourite episode? "Head", has both verbal and physical side-splitting hilarity, and although the lines are occasionally a little predictable, their fantastic delivery makes up for it. In my opinion, this is by far and away the best of all the Blackadder series if only for the Miranda Richardson factor(perhaps I am a little biased....) but I would recommend this to just about anyone in need of a laugh. Unless they had a heart condition. Was the above review useful to you? 10 out of 13 people found the following review useful: Why can't Atkinson do more characters like this from England 18 March 2005 Reading through the many comments on Blackadder i agree with the majority that it was an extremely funny and enjoyable show, especially once they had sorted out the main character from being a whiny no hoper with a stupid voice... time and time again Rowan Atkinson has played characters like this and they are just not funny...someone has even suggested that Mr Bean is Atkinson at his best... Balderdash... Blackadder (series 2,3 and four) will remain a testament to great writing and performance...idiot characters should hopefully be forgotten to time. Was the above review useful to you? 7 out of 8 people found the following review useful: As Good As Comedy Gets from L.A. CA 29 August 2001 This series is so brilliant, so witty, so laugh out loud funny, I watch them over and over again. I actually did NOT care for the first one (where Rowan was Edmund, the Duke). It seemed to be all over the place, embracing the history more than the comedy. But this one, Blackadder II, is MY favorite, even though Three and Four are also good. Four set during WWI is hit and miss, but some of the episodes are exceptional -especially the very last one. Funny, yet incredibly moving. Everyone's work in this series is fantastic. BELLS and HEAD are my two favorite episodes of this series. Rowan Atkinson was born to say Elton and Curtis' words and Miranda Richardson's performance as Queen Elizabeth, in all it's spoiled rotten pouting, is comic gold. The only American series that even came close to this (And I give them credit for even trying) was the summer series on CBS, THANKS - which was about the first American Pilgrim family at Plymouth, Mass. 1621. It, too, was brilliant satire, but, gee - American audiences preferred watching the premeire of Who Wants To Be A $%#@%%$ Millionaire!!! This Blackadder series IS available on video in America - so seek it out!!! Was the above review useful to you? 5 out of 6 people found the following review useful: Fantastic from Colchester, England 24 June 2003 Simply fantastic. Whilst this isn't my fav series (I prefer series III) it is still hugely funny. Unfortunately the humour is very British and probably won't work in the USA. Pity. This series is a huge improvement on the first, the increased interplay (piss-taking) between Blackadder and Baldrick is the key (it also helps having a little more stability in the story line. Simply fantastic, can be watched over and over again, although one must avoid quoting it on a daily basis! Was the above review useful to you? Page 1 of 5:	i don't know
Which actress starred in the 1980s films The Breakfast Club and Pretty In Pink and later turned down the Julia Roberts role in Pretty Woman?	Molly Ringwald Almost Played Julia Roberts' 'Pretty Woman' Role - Business Insider WikiMedia Commons Molly Ringwald starred in iconic '80s films like "The Breakfast Club," "Sixteen Candles," and "Pretty In Pink" before dropping off the radar. Today, she occasionally acts and is a mom to three kids. Ringwald posted to Reddit's Ask Me Anything forum , using this picture as proof of her identity. She revealed that she was being considered for the lead in Pretty Woman and looked at an early script (at the time it was called "$3,000"). But Ringwald has no regrets about not pursuing the part: Julia Roberts is what makes that movie. It was her part. Every actor hopes for a part that lets them shine like that. Ringwald also shared her favorite part of filming "The Breakfast Club": When I did the smoking doobage scene "I'm so popular, everyone loves me at this school," it was basically all improvised and John just let the camera roll for twenty minutes. He was so psyched with everything he got that he dragged my mother into the room where they were showing rushes so she could see how brilliant her daughter was. Of course, my mom was horrified. Whether she would be involved in a Sixteen candles sequel: At one point, six years ago, I was considering participating in a sequel to Sixteen Candles. But (director) John Hughes didn't want to have sequels to any of the movies I was in and I didn't feel comfortable doing it without his involvement. Ringwald also revealed her next plan: She has a jazz album coming out next spring.	Molly Ringwald
Actor Richard Kiel is best known for playing the same character in two different films. What is the name of this character?	Molly Ringwald Biography \| Biography World \| Molly Ringwald Biography Molly Ringwald (born February 18, 1968) is an American actress. She became popular with teenage audiences in the 1980s, as a result of her starring role in the 1984 film, Sixteen Candles, as well as in many other teen movies. Biography Molly Ringwald was born in Roseville, California, the daughter of blind jazz pianist Robert Scott Ringwald and Adele, a housewife; she has two siblings, Elizabeth and Kelly. She started her acting career at age five, starring in a stage production of Alice in Wonderland as the dormouse. By the time she was six years old, she had recorded a music album of Dixieland jazz with her father; this album has now become highly collectible. At age eight, Ringwald was cast in a role on the television series, the New Mickey Mouse Club and sang one track on a 1980 Disney Christmas album. Ringwald appeared in several episodes of the television series Diff'rent Strokes in 1979. That year, she became a cast member of the spin-off The Facts of Life, but her character was written out after the first season. Turning toward motion pictures, her breakout role was Sixteen Candles (1984). Ringwald was a member of the so-called Brat Pack of 1980s teen actors. The term was first coined in 1985, after Ringwald's night out with a reporter for The New Yorker magazine, who published a sensationalist article naming her and fellow actors (Judd Nelson, Ally Sheedy, Emilio Estevez, Rob Lowe , Andrew McCarthy, Demi Moore and Anthony Michael Hall) as The Brat Pack. Though she played a high school "princess" in her biggest hit, 1985's The Breakfast Club, Ringwald specialized in portrayals of moody, awkward, brainy, angst-filled characters. Her performances greatly influenced teen-oriented television and movies that would follow in the 1990s, as previous films with teenage subjects were mostly of the horror or exploitation comedy genres, and did not attempt to realistically portray teenage life. Among Molly Ringwald's movies are Fresh Horses, The Pick Up Artist and Pretty in Pink. During the mid and late 1980s period when Ringwald was Hollywood's top female teen, she appeared in countless covers of such publications as Tiger Beat, Teen and many others. Molly Ringwald reportedly turned down Julia Roberts' part in the 1990 box office smash Pretty Woman. Her career slowed down in the 1990s, as she appeared mainly in made-for-TV and direct-to-video B-horror films. In 1995, her nude appearance in the film Malicious made some media waves due to her previous time as an archetypical 'good girl' in her movie roles. Her 1996 return to television, starring on the ABC sitcom "Townies", was critically-praised, but low viewer ratings resulted in the show's cancellation after nine episodes. During the 1990s, Molly Ringwald also lived in France for four years and appeared in French-language films. She is currently participating in stage plays in London, and performed on Broadway before moving to England. The Detroit rock group Sponge had a 1995 hit "Molly (Sixteen Candles)", that appeared to make several clear references to Ringwald and her film career, even though the song's title was not mentioned in its lyrics. The band denied that the song was about her. Ringwald recently appeared in Not Another Teen Movie ï¿½ a parody/tribute film of many teen films, including some that Ringwald appeared in. In late 2004, she starred in the play Modern Orthodox on Broadway, opposite Jason Biggs and Craig Bierko. In the fall of 2006, Ringwald, who has previously appeared in Cabaret and Enchanted April on stage, will star in the national tour of the recent Broadway revival of the musical Sweet Charity that starred Christina Applegate . Molly Ringwald dated actor Anthony Michael Hall during the time when they co-starred in several films. She was romantically linked with Beastie Boy Adam Horovitz in the mid 1980s; at the time, rumours incorrectly hinted at their marriage. Ringwald married her long time fiancï¿½, Valery Lameignï¿½re, on July 28, 1999, but they have since filed for divorce. On October 22, 2003, she gave birth to her first child, daughter Mathilda Ereni, with boyfriend Panio Gianopoulos. Film List 1990 Betsy's Wedding Betsy Hopper 1990 Strike It Rich Cary 1989 Fresh Horses Jewel 1988 For Keeps? Darcy Elliot Bobrucz 1987 The Pick-up Artist Randy Jensen 1986 Pretty in Pink Andie Walsh 1985 The Breakfast Club Claire Standish 1984 Sixteen Candles Samantha Baker 1983 Spacehunter: Adventures in the Forbidden Zone Niki the Twister 1982 Tempest Julie Winston	i don't know
Which American author created the character Rip Van Winkle?	Washington Irving Washington Irving Washington Irving Most Popular American Writer of the Early 1800s Washington Irving first achieved fame as a young satirist in New York City. Stock Montage/Getty Images By Robert McNamara Updated June 30, 2016. Washington Irving was the first American to make a living as an author and during his prolific career in the early 1800s he created celebrated characters such as Rip Van Winkle and Ichabod Crane. His youthful satirical writings popularized two terms still closely associated with New York City , Gotham and Knickerbocker. Irving also contributed something to holiday traditions, as his conception of a saintly character with a flying sleigh delivering toys to children at Christmas evolved into our modern depictions of Santa Claus . Early Life of Washington Irving Washington Irving was born April 3, 1783 in lower Manhattan, during the week that New York City residents heard of the British ceasefire in Virginia that effectively ended the Revolutionary War. To pay tribute to the great hero of the time, General George Washington , Irving's parents named their eighth child in his honor. When George Washington took the oath of office as the first American president at Federal Hall in New York City, six-year-old Washington Irving stood among the thousands of people celebrating in the streets. continue reading below our video 10 Best Universities in the United States A few months later he was introduced to President Washington, who was shopping in lower Manhattan. For the rest of his life Irving told the story of how the president patted him on the head. While attending school, young Washington was believed to be slow-witted, and one teacher labeled him "a dunce." He did, however, learn to read and write, and became obsessed with telling stories. Some of his brothers attended Columbia College, yet Washington's formal education ended at the age of 16. He became apprenticed to a law office, which was a typical route to becoming a lawyer in the era before law schools were common. Yet the aspiring writer was far more interested in wandering about Manhattan and studying the daily life of New Yorkers than he was in the classroom. Early Political Satires Irving's older brother Peter, a physician who was actually more interested in politics than medicine, was active in the New York political machine headed by Aaron Burr . Peter Irving edited a newspaper aligned with Burr, and in November 1802 Washington Irving published his first article, a political satire signed with the pseudonym "Jonathan Oldstyle." Irving wrote a series of articles as Oldstyle over the next few months. It was common knowledge in New York circles that he was the real author of the articles, and he enjoyed the recognition. He was 19 years old. One of Washington's older brothers, William Irving, decided that a trip to Europe might give the aspiring writer some direction, so he financed the voyage. Washington Irving left New York, bound for France, in 1804, and didn't return to America for two years. His tour of Europe broadened his mind and gave him material for later writing. Salmagundi, a Satirical Magazine After returning to New York City, Irving resumed studying to become a lawyer, but his real interest was in writing. With a friend and one of his brothers he began collaborating on a magazine that lampooned Manhattan society. The new publication was called Salmagundi, a familiar term at the time as it was a common food similar to present day chef's salad. The little magazine turned out to be shockingly popular and 20 issues appeared from early 1807 to early 1808. The humor in Salmagundi was gentle by today's standards, but 200 years ago it seemed startling and the magazine's style became a sensation. One lasting contribution to American culture was that Irving, in a joking item in Salmagundi, referred to New York City as "Gotham." The reference was to a British legend about a town whose residents were reputed to be crazy. New Yorkers enjoyed the joke, and Gotham became a perennial nickname for the city. Diedrich Knickerbocker's A History of New York Washington Irving's first full-length book appeared in December 1809. The volume was a fanciful and often satirical history of his beloved New York City as told by an eccentric old Dutch historian, Diedrich Knickerbocker. Much of the humor in the book played upon the rift between the old Dutch settlers and the British who had supplanted them in the city. Some descendants of old Dutch families were offended. But most New Yorkers appreciated the satire and the book was successful. And while some of the local political jokes are hopelessly obscure 200 years later, much of the humor in the book is still quite charming. During the writing of A History of New York, a woman Irving intended to marry, Matilda Hoffman, died of pneumonia. Irving, who was with Matilda when she died, was crushed. He never again became seriously involved with a woman and remained unmarried. For years after the publication of A History of New York Irving wrote little. He edited a magazine, but also engaged in the practice of law, a profession which he never found very interesting. In 1815 he left New York for England, ostensibly to help his brothers stabilize their importing business after the War of 1812 . He remained in Europe for the next 17 years. The Sketch Book While living in London Irving wrote his most important work, The Sketch Book, which he published under the pseudonym of "Geoffrey Crayon." The book first appeared in several small volumes in American in 1819 and 1820. Much of the content in The Sketch Book dealt with British manners and customs, but the American stories are what became immortal. The book contained "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow," the account of schoolmaster Ichabod Crane and his otherworldly nemesis the Headless Horseman, and "Rip Van Winkle," the tale of a man who awakens after sleeping for decades. The Sketch Book also contained a collection of Christmas tales which influenced the celebrations of Christmas in 19th century America . Revered Figure at his Estate on the Hudson While in Europe Irving researched and wrote a biography of Christopher Columbus along with a number of travel books. He also worked at times as a diplomat for the United States. Irving returned to America in 1832, and as a popular writer he was able to buy a picturesque estate along the Hudson near Tarrytown, New York. His early writings had established his reputation, and while he pursued other writing projects, including books on the American West, he never topped his earlier successes. When he died on November 28, 1859 he was widely mourned. In his honor, flags were lowered in New York City as well as on ships in the harbor. The New York Tribune, the influential newspaper edited by Horace Greeley , referred to Irving as the "beloved patriarch of American letters." A report on Irving's funeral in the New York Tribune on December 2, 1859, noted, ""The humble villagers and farmers, to whom he was so well known, were among the truest mourners who followed him to the grave." Irving's stature as a writer endured, and his influence was widely felt. His works, especially "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" and "Rip Van Winkle" are still widely read and considered classics.	Washington Irving
Pebbles and Bam Bam was a spin-off of which TV series?	Rip Van Winkle Summary - eNotes.com Rip Van Winkle Summary link Link “Rip Van Winkle” is an American masterpiece of the short story. It is based on local history but is rooted in European myth and legend. Irving reportedly wrote it one night in England, in June, 1818, after having spent the whole day talking with relatives about the happy times spent in Sleepy Hollow. The author drew on his memories and experiences of the Hudson River Valley and blended them with Old World contributions. “Rip Van Winkle” is such a well-known tale that almost every child in the United States has read it or heard it narrated at one time or another. Rip is a simple-minded soul who lives in a village by the Catskill Mountains. Beloved by the village, Rip is an easygoing, henpecked husband whose one cross to bear is a shrewish wife who nags him day and night. One day he wanders into the mountains to go hunting, meets and drinks with English explorer Henry Hudson’s legendary crew, and falls into a deep sleep. He awakens twenty years later and returns to his village to discover that everything has changed. The disturbing news of the dislocation is offset by the discovery that his wife is dead. In time, Rip’s daughter, son, and several villagers identify him, and he is accepted by the others. One of Irving’s major points is the tumultuous change occurring over the twenty years that the story encompasses. Rip’s little Dutch village had remained the same for generations and symbolized rural peace and prosperity. On his return, everything has drastically changed. The village has grown much larger, new houses stand in place of old ones, and a Yankee hotel occupies the spot where the old Dutch inn once stood. The people are different, too. Gone are the phlegmatic burghers, replaced by active, concerned citizens. Rip returns as an alien to a place that once considered him important; he discovers that life has passed on without his presence. Irving makes clear that change is inevitable and that one pays a huge price by trying to evade it. He also makes it clear in “Rip Van Winkle” that certain fundamental values may be lost when people prefer change to stability and are willing to sacrifice everything for material prosperity. Rip’s return shows him to be completely disoriented by the march of time. Irving takes pity on his comical creation, however, and does not punish him. Instead, Rip is allowed back into the new society and tolerated for his eccentricities, almost as if he were a curiosity. Rip has slept through vital political, social, and economic changes, including the Revolutionary War, and he returns ignorant but harmless. Irving’s suggestion, then, is that Rip is a perfect image of America—immature, careless, and above all, innocent—and that may be why he has become a universal figure. The recurring theme of financial failure evident in two pieces preceding “Rip Van Winkle” is also found here, as is the concept of sterility. Rip awakens twenty years later and discovers that his gun and his faithful dog are gone. He notes the changes in the village and sees another Rip Van Winkle character there, has a sudden loss of identity when he returns, and realizes that there has occurred the birth of a new nation, with the replacement of King George by George Washington. Irving emphasizes the comic rather than the tragic, because Rip turns all the above into a positive affirmation of himself. He acquires a new identity and has a wondrous tale to tell of irresponsibility which counterpoints the stress of puritan ethics. The tale of “Rip Van Winkle” has found expression in other artistic media. Five stage plays have been made of the story, beginning in 1829. There have been three operas, several children’s shows, and a television film by Francis Ford Coppola in 1985. Perhaps the most famous adaptation was made by noted nineteenth century American actor Joseph Jefferson III, who played the role of Rip for forty-five years in a very popular and much-beloved interpretation. Jefferson’s vehicle proved to be one of America’s most successful plays of the period. In the theater, it far surpassed in popularity Irving’s other masterpiece, “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow.” More Content: Summary (hide) link Link Rip Van Winkle is a good-natured but unassertive descendant of the Dutch settlers who assisted Peter Stuyvesant in his military exploits. Every small community has someone like Rip: the entertainer of local children, the willing helper of his neighbor, the desultory fisherman—but a man constitutionally unable to work on his own behalf. Rip’s farm falls into ruin, his children run ragged, and his wife’s bad temper mounts. He takes refuge from Dame Van Winkle in protracted discussions at the village inn, all-day fishing expeditions, and rambles in the mountains with his dog Wolf. It is on one of these occasions that he encounters a company of antique Dutchmen who are playing at ninepins in a natural amphitheater high in the Catskills. Offered liquid refreshment, Rip drinks himself to sleep, from which he awakens the next morning, as he supposes, to find everything inexplicably changed: his dog gone, a worm-eaten gun in place of the one he had brought, no trace of the bowlers or of their bowling alley. Descending to the town, he finds his old dog strangely hostile, his house abandoned, and even the village inn replaced by a large new hotel. The first person Rip actually recognizes is his daughter, now a young wife and mother; she kindly takes the perplexed old man home to live with her family. He learns of the death of many of his old friends and of his wife, for whose demise he feels nothing but relief. When he sees his son Rip slouching against a tree, looking much as he himself did “yesterday”—actually twenty years ago—he briefly doubts his own identity. The larger changes in society are yet more profound. Rip went to sleep a subject of George III and has awakened a citizen of the United States of America under the leadership of George Washington. Although Rip soon falls into his old loitering ways, justified now by his white beard and the absence of matrimonial demands, it takes him some time to absorb the Revolution that has run its full course while he slept. The town has learned to accommodate the new republic, and all the changes lend charm to Rip’s fresh recollections of the old order. Rip tells and retells his story, which is accepted most readily by the older Dutch villagers, who have kept alive a legend that Hendrick Hudson’s men keep a vigil in the nearby mountains and play at ninepins there regularly in the afternoon. Rip prefers the company of the young, however, not so much to be in touch with the new as to preserve the old in a relentlessly changing world. link Link Along the reaches of the Hudson River, not far from the Catskill Mountains, there is a small, Dutch town. The mountains overshadow the town, and there are times when the good Dutch burghers can see a hood of clouds hanging over the crests of the hills. In this small town lives a man named Rip Van Winkle. He is beloved by all his neighbors, by children, and by animals, but his life at home is made miserable by his shrewish wife. Though he is willing to help anyone else at any odd job that might be necessary, he is incapable of keeping his own house and farm in repair. He is descended from an old and good Dutch family, but he has none of the fine Dutch traits of thrift and energy. Rip spends a great deal of his time at the village inn, under the sign of King George III, until his wife chases him from there. When this happens, he takes his gun and his dog, Wolf, and heads for the hills. Wolf is as happy as Rip is to get away from home. When Dame Van Winkle berates the two of them, Rip raises his eyes silently to heaven, but Wolf tucks his tail between his legs and slinks out of the house. One fine day in autumn, Rip and Wolf walk high into the Catskills while hunting squirrels. As evening comes on, the two sit down to rest before heading for home. After they rise again and start down the mountainside, Rip hears his name called. A short, square little man with a grizzled beard is calling to Rip, asking him to help carry a keg of liquor. The little man is dressed in antique Dutch clothes. Although he accepts Rip’s help in carrying the keg, he carries on no conversation. As they ascend the mountain, Rip hears noises that sound like claps of thunder. When they reach a sort of natural amphitheater near the top, Rip sees a band of little men, dressed and bearded like his companion, playing ninepins. One stout old gentleman, who seems to be the leader, wears a laced doublet and a high-crowned hat with a feather. The little men are no more companionable than the first one has been, and Rip feels somewhat depressed. Because they seem to enjoy the liquor from the keg, Rip tastes it a few times while they are absorbed in their game. Then he falls into a deep sleep. On waking, Rip looks in vain for the stout old gentleman and his companions. When he reaches for his gun, he finds that it is rusted. His dog does not answer his call. He tries to find the amphitheater where the little men were playing, but the way is blocked by a rushing stream. The people Rip sees as he walks into town are all strangers to him. After many of them stroke their chins upon looking at him, Rip unconsciously strokes his own and finds that his beard has grown a foot long. The town itself looks different. At first, Rip thinks that the liquor from the keg has addled his head, for he has a hard time finding his own house. When he does locate it at last, he finds it in a state of decay. Even the sign over the inn has been changed to one carrying the name of General Washington. The men who are gathered under the sign talk gibberish to him, and they accuse him of trying to stir up trouble by coming armed to an election. When he is finally able to inquire into the whereabouts of his old friends, he is told that men by those names have moved away or have been dead for twenty years. Finally, an eager young woman pushes through the crowd to look at Rip. Her voice starts a train of thought, and he asks her who she is and who her father is. When she claims to be Rip Van Winkle’s daughter Judith, Rip asks after her mother. When Judith tells him that her mother died after breaking a blood vessel in a fit of anger at a Yankee peddler, Rip identifies himself as Judith’s father. Although an old woman claims that she recognizes him, the men at the inn only winked at his story until an old man, a descendant of the village historian, vouches for Rip’s tale. He assures the men that he has it as a fact from his historian ancestor that Hendrick Hudson and his crew come to the mountains every twenty years to visit the scene of their exploits, and that the old historian has seen the crew in antique Dutch garb playing at ninepins, just as Rip has related. Rip spends the rest of his life happily telling his story at the inn until everyone knows it by heart. Ever afterward, when the inhabitants of the village hear thunder in the Catskills, they say that Hendrick Hudson and his crew are playing ninepins, and many a henpecked husband wishes in vain for a drink of Rip Van Winkle’s quieting brew.	i don't know
In which Formula One team did Damon Hill replace Nigel Mansell?	Formula 1 - Nigel Mansell, Damon Hill, Ayrton Senna etc \| eBay Formula 1 10 January 2009 Formula 1 This is one of many illustrated classic F1 racing guides I've created for the community. I hope you enjoy it. If you wish to find out more about the classic F1 racing art featured in this guide please click here. This guide features several legendary F1 drivers. Satoru Nakajima Satoru Nakajima was Honda's representative on the grid in the late eighties and was Japan's first regular Formula One Grand Prix driver. Ayrton Senna's team-mate at Lotus in 1987 and then teamed with Nelson Piquet in 1988 and 1989 (Lotus), Satoru was a worthy ambassador for the Honda company without posing a threat to his more highly regarded team-mates. His best finish was fourth at Adelaide in 1989 and his last two seasons were spent with the Tyrrell team before he quit at the end of 1991. His best finish in the championship was eleventh position overall in 1987 driving a Lotus. Total Grand Prix drives, 74. Since his retirement from Formula One, he has run a team in both Japanese Formula 3000 and Formula Three developing the next generation of Japanese racing drivers. Andrea de Cesaris World champion in karts and a strong contender in British Formula Three, Andrea made his Formula One debut with Alfa-Romeo in 1980. He soon became known for his somewhat unpredictable driving style racing for McLaren in 1981. 1982 and 1983 were spent with Alfa-Romeo, where he produced third place at Monaco (a race he could have won), before moving to Ligier for 1984. Two seasons with Ligier produced little so it was on to Minardi, then Brabham, then Rial, then Dallara, then Tyrrell, Jordan again and finally to Sauber before his Formula One career ended in 1994. The second most experienced Formula One driver behind Riccardo Patrese, although without a win. Best race result, a second place in the German Grand Prix of 1983 and finished eighth for the title overall in 1983. Total Grand Prix drives, 208. Nigel Mansell Nigel's Formula One debut was for Lotus in 1980 and his first Grand Prix victory was for williams in 1985. 1986 saw five Grand Prix victories yet through cruel luck, no title. An accident in qualifying ruined his title hopes again in 1987 after six wins and it was beginning to look as if Nigel Mansell was to be the "nearly man" of Formula 1. In a bold move to Ferrari in 1989 he won his first race and the instant adoration of the Italian fans, but only finished fourth. 1990 with Ferrari was a disaster finishing ninth overall so it was back to Williams and winning ways in 1991. Five wins however were not enough with Nigel still having to play second fiddle to Ayrton Senna's McLaren. Finally in 1992 it all came right, Mansell storming to nine victories in a Williams-Renault that was in a class of its own. He still drove magnificently. After moving to Indy Cars in 1993 and incredibly taking the title at his first attempt, Mansell returned to Williams mid-season in 1994 before joining McLaren in 1995. He retired after just two races. Damon Hill As a relatively late starter to car racing in 1984 with Formula Ford, Damon soon progressed into British Formula Three and then Formula 3000 before gaining his first F1 drive in 1992. Signed by Williams in 1993 to drive alongside three-time world champion Alain Prost, he gained three victories and finished third overall. Staying with Williams in 1994, this time with Ayrton Senna as team-mate, Damon was thrust into the role of team leader after the Brazillian's death and in a season burdened with Michael Schumacher's disqualifications closed a huge points gap to set up a grand finale at the Australian Grand Prix. Sadly for Hill, Schumacher's now famous chopping move just before mid-distance took out both himself and Hill, leaving Schumacher as champion by just one point. There were only four wins for Damon in 1995, enough to give him second place in the championship again. Johnny Herbert Johnny Herbert's talent was recognised when he won-from-the-back during the 1985 Formula Ford Festival. In 1987 he took the British Formula Three title and he was looking set for the 1988 Formula 3000 title when he suffered terrible leg injuries in a pile-up at Brands Hatch on the very day he had signed his Formula One contract with Benetton. Fighting back to health, Johnny produced an amazing fourth place on his Formula One debut. Joined Lotus in 1990 and stayed until 1994 before returning to Benetton in 1995 to race alongside Michael Schumacher, a year which brought two Grand Prix wins, the British Grand Prix at Silverstone and the Italian Grand Prix at Monza. Johnny finished fourth place overall in the championship with 45 points. In the last race at Adelaide he suffered a broken driveshaft on lap 70, with only 11 to go. Had he finished the race he could have easily finished third in the drivers' championship. Martin Brundle In 1983 Martin Brundle was racing in British Formula Three and made Ayrton Senna work very hard indeed for the title. For 1984 there was a Formula One drive for Tyrrell and after fifth place in his first Grand Prix in Brazil and a second to Piquet in Detroit the future looked good. Unfortunately at the next race Martin broke both ankles and later, to add insult to injury, Tyrrell were adjudged to be running illegal cars and all the teams results were cancelled. In 1986 he had four points scoring drives but 1987 was a disaster, after moving to Zakspeed. Drives for Brabham in 1989 and 1991 saw little improvement but signing for Benetton in 1992 was a good break and he finished sixth overall that year. For 1993 there was another move, this time to Ligier and a seventh place overall. He drove well again in 1994, this time for McLaren finishing seventh with two rostrum places. A return to Ligier was not very successful for 1995, Martin only achieving seven points in the Championship for an overall thirteenth position. Michael Schumacher After an eye catching debut in 1991, Michael was swiftly signed for Benetton where he became the key figure in the team's rise to the pinnacle of the Grand Prix world. It was soon clear that he possessed a special talent and during his first two seasons progressed rapidly to the position of pretender to Senna's throne. Sadly the terrible "black" weekend at Imola in 1994 saw the title pass to Michael Schumacher in the worst way possible; in the previous races he had shown that he had the car and the ability to stretch even Ayrton's talents to the maximum. In 1995 Michael Schumacher won the World Championship for a second time and became the first German to win his home Grand Prix since Rudolf Caracciola in 1939. Michael elected to move to Ferrari in 1996 taking the coveted "Number One" with him. Ayrton Senna Ayrton was a natural talent. He won kart races from the time he started competing at eh age of thirteen, was Brazilian champion as soon as he was eligible for the senior ranks and when he came to Britain in 1991, won his third race at Formula Ford 1600. After British and European Formula 2000 titles, it was onto Formula Three for 1983 before Formula One and the Toleman team in 1984. His first win came for Lotus the next year, finishing fourth overall. He finished fourth overall again in 1986, with two wins and in 1987 he was third in the championship. Quicker progress was needed and McLaren provided a car to meet Senna's needs. Eight wins in 1988 gave him the title. His second and third World Championship titles followed in 1990 and 1991. When, at the San Marino Grand Prix on the 1st May 1994, Ayrton lost his life after hitting a wall at high speed, the sport lost one of its greatest figures, the ultimate sportsman and the fastest Formula One driver the world has ever seen. Eddie Irvine British Formula Ford champion in the mid-eighties, Eddie excelled at Formula Three in 1988 before moving to Formula 3000 with the Pacific Racing team in 1989 and the Jordan team in 1990. No Formula One drives were forthcoming so for the next three seasons Eddie raced sports cars and competed in Formula Three in Japan. The Formula One debut came at Suzuka with a sixth place. In 1994 Eddie was teamed with Rubens Barrichello at Jordan but his involvement in a huge accident in the opening round saw him banned for a race, later extended to three races after his attitude at the hearing. Once back he raced well for the rest of the season. For 1995 Eddie stayed with Jordan and drove well for his ten points and twelfth place overall. In the Canadian Grand Prix at the Circuit Giles Villeneuve, he finished third behind Jean Alesi and team-mate Rubens Barrichello. It was Jordan's finest race achievement in their five-year Formula One history. David Coulthard After a very successful career in karts, David graduated to Formula Ford in 1989 and drove so well that he was awarded the McLaren/Autosport Young Driver of the year award. Beaten by Rubens Barrichello in both the GM Euroseries and the 1991 British Formula Three series, Formula 3000 was tougher going and only ninth place overall in 1992 for Paul Stewart Racing was disappointing. After an improvement to third overall in 1993, David became a Williams test driver. His Grand Prix debut came in 1994, moving up to the top formula following Senna's death in the San Marino Grand Prix. The best that year was a second place in Portugal. 1995 was a very commendable first full year of Grand Prix racing bringing his first win in Portugal and a string of podium finishes. It wasn't enough however to stop him from being dropped in 1996 in favour of Jacques Villeneuve, son of late, great French-Canadian Giles. Thank you for reading my guide and I hope you found it interesting! Tags:	Williams
In what year did the Japanese bomb Pearl Harbour?	Year by Year Info Close Williams' gradual fall down the order continues, as they fail to match the development pace of their rivals, slipping to fifth in the constructors' championship behind Force India. Valtteri Bottas scores their sole podium of the year in Canada, while Felipe Massa bids an emotional farewell to the team - and the paddock - as he retires from F1 racing at the end of the year. Canadian rookie Lance Stroll is signed as his 2017 replacement. 2015 Williams consolidate their position as F1 racing’s third-best team, but after finishing the previous year with the second-quickest car they are frustrated to slip even further back from the imperious Silver Arrows and to be overhauled by a resurgent Ferrari squad. Two podiums each for Valtteri Bottas and Felipe Massa are the high points in a year in which the FW37 looked impressive on quick circuits but uncomfortable at slower ones. 2014 Combination of excellent chassis, Mercedes power, and Bottas-Massa driver pairing sees team return to form. The FW36 is frequently the only real challenger to Mercedes works cars, and though wins remain elusive, finish third overall after podium appearances at eight out of 19 races. 2013 Start their campaign with high expectations, but Renault-powered FW35 a huge disappointment and both Maldonado and rookie team mate Bottas spend season racing largely outside of the points, scoring just twice en route to the team finishing ninth overall. 2012 Switch to Renault power helps boost competitiveness, with Maldonado taking Williams' first win since 2004 in Spain. But inconsistent qualifying (from Senna) and multiple incidents (from Maldonado) hamper progress and team slip backwards as season progresses. 2011 Worst season in team's history, with poor reliability and mediocre pace. Score just five points and make it through to Q3 on only three occasions. Technical director Sam Michael leaves, to be replaced by former McLaren man Mike Coughlan. 2010 Mixed early fortunes, both drivers occasionally making Q3 and lower end of points. Results much improved by mid season, with Barrichello fourth in Valencia. Hulkenberg takes surprise Brazil pole and team finish sixth overall. Hulkenberg dropped for Pastor Maldonado for 2011. 2009 Fail to capitalise on being one of just three teams with innovative double diffuser at season's start. FW31 proves consistent and reliable, but never quite has podium pace. Announce switch from Toyota to Cosworth power for 2010. 2008 Season starts well with a podium for Nico Rosberg in Australia, but then fail to match development pace of rivals. Second place in Singapore the year's highlight, but drop from fourth to eighth in the final standings, with 26 points. 2007 The FW29 proves much more reliable than its predecessor, and the team record just seven retirements instead of 20. Alexander Wurz retires ahead of season finale and is replaced by Kazuki Nakajima, who retains the seat for 2008. 2006 Disappointing season sees team finish eighth in standings. Cosworth-powered package shows early promise, including fastest lap at Bahrain season opener, but challenge quickly fades. Twenty DNFs, with best results two sixth places for Mark Webber. 2005 Finish fifth in standings then bid farewell to engine partners BMW and Nick Heidfeld, who, after scoring his maiden pole, misses last five races through illness/injury. Best result Monaco, with both drivers on podium. 2004 Ralf Schumacher misses six races after fracturing spine in Indy accident. Replaced by Marc Gene and then Antonio Pizzonia. Team ditch radical 'walrus' front wing after disappointing start to season. End it on high with victory in Brazil. Fourth in standings. 2003 Dramatic improvement in form in the second half of the season with four race wins. Finish second to Ferrari in the standings after losing final-race showdown. 2000 - 2002 Despite winning races, unable to mount a serious championship challenge to the dominant Ferrari team. 1997 Jacques Villeneuve takes his first and only drivers' championship and Williams take the constructors' crown for a ninth time. 1996 Damon Hill wins the drivers' championship for Williams and the team take their eighth constructors' title. 1994 Williams suffer their first fatality when Ayrton Senna is killed at Imola. In a sombre season the team wins the constructors' championship. 1993 Alain Prost wins his fourth drivers' championship and announces his retirement from the sport. 1992 Nigel Mansell wins the first five rounds of the season and he and the team go on to take both drivers' and constructors' titles. Mansell then leaves the sport to compete in IndyCar. 1986 Team owner Frank Williams is seriously injured in a road-car accident. In typically determined fashion, he continues to lead the team. 1980 Alan Jones wins the drivers' championship and Williams takes the constructors' title. 1979 Clay Regazzoni wins the British Grand Prix to give Williams their first Formula One victory. 1978	i don't know
What was the name of the character played by Harrison Ford in the films Clear And Present Danger and Patriot Games?	Patriot Games (1992) - IMDb IMDb Community LATEST HEADLINES There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error When CIA Analyst Jack Ryan interferes with an IRA assassination, a renegade faction targets him and his family for revenge. Director: Visit our Awards Central section Related News a list of 31 titles created 08 Dec 2011 a list of 40 titles created 31 Jan 2013 a list of 24 titles created 10 Apr 2013 a list of 33 titles created 28 Aug 2015 a list of 40 titles created 3 months ago Search for " Patriot Games " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. 1 win & 2 nominations. See more awards » Photos CIA Analyst Jack Ryan is drawn into an illegal war fought by the US government against a Colombian drug cartel. Director: Phillip Noyce In November 1984, the Soviet Union's best submarine captain in their newest sub violates orders and heads for the USA. Is he trying to defect or to start a war? Director: John McTiernan Hijackers seize the plane carrying the President of the United States and his family, but he - an ex-soldier - works from hiding to defeat them. Director: Wolfgang Petersen Dr. Richard Kimble, unjustly accused of murdering his wife, must find the real killer while being the target of a nationwide manhunt. Director: Andrew Davis CIA analyst Jack Ryan must thwart the plans of a terrorist faction that threatens to induce a catastrophic conflict between the United States and Russia's newly elected president by detonating a nuclear weapon at a football game in Baltimore. Director: Phil Alden Robinson US Marshal Samuel Gerard (Jones) and his team of Marshals are assigned to track down Sheridan (Snipes), who has been accused of a double-murder. Director: Stuart Baird A police officer uncovers the real identity of his house-guest, an I.R.A. terrorist in hiding. Director: Alan J. Pakula On a US nuclear missile sub, a young first officer stages a mutiny to prevent his trigger happy captain from launching his missiles before confirming his orders to do so. Director: Tony Scott A young Amish boy is sole witness to a murder; policeman John Book goes into hiding in Amish country to protect him until the trial. Director: Peter Weir Carolyn Polhemus, an up-and-comer in the Kindle County D.A.'s Office, is found viciously murdered in her home. Immediately her boss, D.A. Raymond Horgan and his chief deputy, Rusty Sabich ... See full summary » Director: Alan J. Pakula When Russia's first nuclear submarine malfunctions on its maiden voyage, the crew must race to save the ship and prevent a nuclear disaster. Director: Kathryn Bigelow Henry is a lawyer who survives a shooting only to find he cannot remember anything. If that weren't enough, Henry also has to recover his speech and mobility, in a life he no longer fits ... See full summary » Director: Mike Nichols Edit Storyline Former CIA analyst, Jack Ryan is in England with his family on vacation when he suddenly witnesses an explosion outside Buckingham Palace. It is revealed that some people are trying to abduct a member of the Royal Family but Jack intervenes, killing one of them and capturing the other, and stops the plan in its tracks. Afterwards, he learns that they're Irish revolutionaries and the two men are brothers. During his court hearing the one that's still alive vows to get back at Jack but is sentenced and that seems to be the end of it. However, whilst the man is being transported, he is broken out. Jack learns of this but doesn't think there's anything to worry about. But, when he is at the Naval Academy someone tries to kill him. He learns that they are also going after his family and so he rushes to find them, safe but having also been the victims of a failed assassination. That's when Jack decides to rejoin the CIA, and they try to find the man before he makes another attempt. Written by [email protected] Did You Know? Trivia Early in the film, when Ryan gives a lecture at the Royal Naval Academy in London, he tells the audience, "In this volatile climate, we can only speculate on the future of Soviet Fleet development." In the foreground, a blueprint of the Soviet submarine "Red October" appears on a computer screen, establishing Ryan's link to The Hunt for Red October (1990). See more » Goofs Jack Ryan could not have avoided the assassin by jumping behind a car because that particular street near the U.S. Naval Academy does not allow parking. See more » Quotes [first lines] Jack Ryan : [answering machine answers] Sorry, we can't come to the phone right now. If you leave a message, we'll get back to you as soon as we can. Thanks.	Jack Ryan
In which American state is there a town called Santa Claus, which receives over half a million letters and requests at Christmas time?	Clear and Present Danger - Internet Movie Firearms Database - Guns in Movies, TV and Video Games Clear and Present Danger Jump to: navigation , search Clear and Present Danger (1994) Clear and Present Danger is the 1994 feature film adaptation of the Tom Clancy bestseller of the same name and is a direct sequel to 1992's Patriot Games . Harrison Ford returns as CIA analyst Jack Ryan and the film was helmed by Patriot Games director Phillip Noyce . The Jack Ryan character was also featured in the films Patriot Games , The Hunt for Red October , The Sum of All Fears and Jack Ryan: Shadow Recruit . The following weapons were used in the film Clear and Present Danger: Contents WARNING! THIS PAGE CONTAINS SPOILERS! Handguns SIG-Sauer P226 Several members of the diplomatic security convoy as well as FBI Special Agent Dan Murray ( Tim Grimm ) in Colombia can be seen using SIG-Sauer P226 pistols in the scene where the convoy is ambushed. A P226 appears to also be the sidearm carried by Felix Cortez ( Joaquim de Almeida ). SIG-Sauer P226 - 9x19mm FBI Special Agent Dan Murray ( Tim Grimm ) draws his SIG-Sauer P226 when the FBI director's convoy is ambushed. Murray fires his P226 as Ryan drives the SUV. Beretta 92FS The Beretta 92FS is seen in the holster of a Coast Guard sailor and a drug cartel soldier when the Special Ops team blows up the underground drug factory/lab. The Beretta is also carried by members of the FBI director's security detail during the ambush. Beretta 92FS - 9x19mm A Coast Guard officer with a holstered Beretta 92FS . A drug cartel soldier brandishes a Beretta 92FS. The FBI director's bodyguard ( Peter Weireter ) uses the Beretta during the ambush. The bodyguard on the left fires the Beretta. A bodyguard holds the Beretta as Ryan prepares to take the wounded director to the SUV. The bodyguards fire their Berettas while going to the SUV. Glock 17 John Clark ( Willem Dafoe ) can be seen with a Glock 17 with an extended barrel when threatening Jack Ryan in Colombia. Later, Clark is seen taking out a guard with his suppressed pistol. Glock 17 2nd Generation - 9x19mm Clark receives the Glock 17 . Clark ( Willem Dafoe ) holds the Glock 17 on Ryan in the van. Clark threatens Ryan. Here the extended barrel of the Glock is visible. Clark is seen taking out a guard with his suppressed pistol. Heckler & Koch USP A Heckler & Koch USP is carried by one of Ernesto Escobedo's ( Miguel Sandoval ) henchmen as he disarms Cortez of his SIG P226 at the Cafe Lindo factory. Clear and Present Danger may be the first movie ever to feature this pistol (since the USP debuted in 1993, the same year that this movie was filmed and was released over a month prior to the 1994 film that also featured the pistol: Terminal Velocity ). Heckler & Koch USP - 9x19mm A Heckler & Koch USP is carried by one of Escobedo's henchmen as he disarms Cortez at the Cafe Lindo factory. The cartel guard with the USP. Clear and Present Danger may be the first movie ever to feature this pistol (since the USP debuted in 1993, the same year that this movie was filmed). M1911A1 While disguised as motorcycle police officer, Cortez's right hand man Sipo ( Jorge Luke ) uses an M1911A1 to take out a real officer before the convoy ambush. Pre-War Colt M1911A1 Pistol Commercial - .45 ACP While disguised as motorcycle police officer, Cortez's right hand man Sipo ( Jorge Luke ) uses an M1911A1 to take out a real officer before the convoy ambush. Assault Rifles & Carbines Olympic Arms OA-93 The Olympic Arms OA-93 is the peculiar looking "shortened" M16 -like weapon carried by John Clark ( Willem Dafoe ) in the rescue mission. Olympic Arms OA-93 - 5.56x45mm John Clark ( Willem Dafoe ) with a OA-93. John Clark with a OA-93. Clark fires at one of the Cafe Lindo factory guards. Colt AR-15 Sporter-1 Carbine (Mocked up as XM177-type Carbine) Most of the Reciprocity-team including Captain Ramirez ( Benjamin Bratt ) can be seen carrying Colt AR-15 SP1 Carbines . The weapons can be identified as Sporter-1 carbines by their lack of forward assist and brass deflector on the upper receiver, and by their slab sided lower receiver with screw type pivot pin. The weapons appear to be fitted with XM177 -style flash hiders, most likely a sleeve over the 16" Sporter barrel. Colt AR-15 Sporter-1 Carbine converted into an XM177 lookalike by addition of a flash hider - 5.56x45mm A brief shot of an SP1 in the hands of a Reciprocity team member. Through the scope, the Special Ops soldier with an XM177E2 mockup carbine. Though tough to tell, it appears this carbine actually has an A1-style upper receiver with forward assist, rather than a SP1 slickside upper. Captain Ramirez ( Benjamin Bratt ) fires his SP1 carbine. The 'slab-side' lower receiver (devoid of magazine fencing) and 'slickside' upper receiver (devoid of forward assist and brass deflector) is clearly visible in this image. Note also that his weapon appears to have a tangent sight for an M203 grenade launcher mounted to the carry handle, but no launcher is mounted to his carbine. Captain Ramirez calls for his demo team while holding the carbine. M16A1 (with A2 handguards) The US soldiers participating in the search-and-evade exercise involving Chavez however are equipped with what appear to be M16A2 Rifles . Upon closer inspection, these rifles appear to be M16A1s fitted with A2 handguards to simulate the M16A2. At least two members of the Reciprocity-team in Colombia also carry M16A1s also with A2-style handguards. M16A1 with A2-style handguards - 5.56x45mm A soldier searches for Chavez during the exercise carrying an M16A1 fitted with A2 handguards. A member of the Reciprocity team wields an M16A1 fitted with A2 handguards. Norinco Type 56 Numerous variants of the Norinco Type 56 can be seen in the hands of Escobedo's men throughout the movie. Fixed stock variants and Type 56-1 under-folding stock variants are seen. They are most visible in the scene in which the reciprocity team attacks and destroys the underground drug lab/factory. Norinco Type 56 (Imported into the U.S. as the Norinco AKS-47 or AKS-47 Sporter) - 7.62x39mm. Rather than having the underfolder pig sticker Bayonet assembly, this has the standard Bayonet lug underneath the gas block as the AKM and later variants. Norinco Type 56-1 (under-folding stock variant) - 7.62x39mm A Norinco Type 56-1 rests to the side. A cartel soldier fires his Norinco on the DSS agents and Agent Murray. Mercenaries fire their Norincos into the air in celebration. Custom AKMS What appears to be a customized AKMS with a chopped barrel is held by one of the cartel soldiers in the lab assaulted by the Reciprocity team. The rifle is similar to the one seen in the film Eraser . Custom AKMS Assault Pistol with folded stock - 7.62x39mm. The Custom rifle has parts from the Norinco Type 56 and the AKMS. In reality, these rifles don't interchange parts, but it was possible since the gun is massively customized and practically rebuilt from scratch. What appears to be a customized AKMS with a chopped barrel is held by one of the cartel soldiers in the lab assaulted by the Reciprocity team. Muzzelite MZ14 Bullpup When the Reciprocity team prepares to take out a cartel drug plane, one of the cartel soldiers appears to be armed with a Ruger AC556 rifle fitted in a Muzzelite MZ14 Bullpup configuration. Another MZ14 Bullpup is very briefly seen wielded by one of the mercenaries attacking the Reciprocity team. Ruger Mini-14 in a Muzzelite MZ14 Bullpup stock - 5.56x45mm On the left, one of the cartel soldiers appears to be armed with a Ruger MZ14 Bullpup. Rifles M24 Sniper Rifle The M24 Sniper Rifle is carried by Domingo Chavez ( Raymond Cruz ). It is shown fitted with a silencer & camo paint scheme and makes its first appearance in the shooting range scene, and then can be spotted in a few of the scenes involving the Reciprocity team on its mission. Finally, it is used in the scenes following the ambush of the reciprocity team. Another member of the Reciprocity team uses this rifle, as Chavez is on a mission. M24 sniper rifle - 7.62x51mm NATO, .300 Winchester Magnum Closeup of the trigger of the M24 in the hands of Domingo Chavez ( Raymond Cruz ). The M24 is raised by Chavez ( Raymond Cruz ). As Captain Ramirez ( Benjamin Bratt ) observes, another Reciprocity team member handles Chavez's M24 rifle. Domingo Chavez ( Raymond Cruz ) aims his suppressed M24. M1903 Springfield Several M1903 Springfield rifles with the metal parts chromed can be seen carried by the U.S. Navy honor guard members when the members of the diplomatic convoy killed in Colombia are brought back to the United States. Springfield M1903 Transitional - .30-06 The servicemen at the head of the procession have M1903 Springfield rifles. The US Navy and Marine honor guard with the Springfield rifles. M14 M14 Rifles are carried and used by US troops during a search and evade exercise. M14 rifles also are carried by the U.S. Navy honor guard present at the funeral of Admiral James Greer ( James Earl Jones ). The M14 is also carried by Marine Corps Honor Guard members. Some of them can be seen fitted with ceremonial M6 bayonets. M14 - 7.62x51mm NATO On the right, M14 Rifles are carried and used by US troops during a search and evade exercise. The Marine and Army honor guard member far left and middle left have M14 rifles. Members of a US Navy honor guard detail use M14 rifles to perform a rifle volley at a funeral. M1 Garand Several M1 Garand rifles are seen in the hands of Air Force Honor Guard Members when the victims of the Colombian ambush are brought back to the U.S. Some of them can be seen fitted with ceremonial M1 bayonets. M1 Garand - .30-06. The Airman (far right) has a M1 Garand. Heckler & Koch HK91A2 The Heckler & Koch HK91A2 can be seen in the hands of the Colombian military police when Jack Ryan arrives in Colombia. A mercenary is also seen firing on the Reciprocity team with what appears to be a full-auto converted HK91A2. Heckler & Koch HK91A2 - 7.62x51mm NATO. Note lack of third position on the fire selector and lack of paddle magazine release. In the background, Colombian MPs hold what appear to be Heckler & Koch HK91A2 rifles. A mercenary opens fire on the Reciprocity team with the HK91 rifle. Note the lack of a paddle release. The mercenary in the center holds up his HK91. FN FAL In the scene where Chavez is scouting one of the drug labs, at least one of the assembled mercenaries hired to hunt down the Reciprocity team can be seen holding an FN FAL rifle. FN FAL 50.00 - 7.62x51mm NATO In the center, one of the mercenaries carries an FN FAL. In the middle, the FN FAL is raised. Submachine Guns & Machine Pistols Heckler & Koch HK94A3 The Heckler & Koch HK94A3 (converted to pass for a Heckler & Koch MP5A3 ) is carried by Chavez. It is prominently seen in two scenes: firstly when Chavez plants a bomb on the drug-runner's plane, and secondly when he scouts the insides of a drug factory. Chavez's HK94 is also equipped with a suppressor. Several of Escobedo's men can also be seen with HK94s. The "Fake MP5", the chopped-and-converted Heckler & Koch HK94A3 - 9x19mm. This version was used in many films during the 1980s and 1990s Domingo Chavez ( Raymond Cruz ) runs with his suppressed HK94. Chavez ( Raymond Cruz ) with his suppressed HK94. A mercenary aims the HK94. On the right, the mercenary raises his HK94 into the air in celebration. Closeup of the suppressed HK94 in a scene from the trailer. A view down the barrel as Chavez fires his HK94. Chavez with his suppressed HK94. Uzi Full size Uzi SMGs are seen carried by DSS agents guarding the FBI director. Others are seen in the hands of Colombian military and motorcycle police, and also some of the men employed by Ernesto Escobedo ( Miguel Sandoval ). Also, the bouncer of the nightclub where the pilot is recruited from can be seen holding an Uzi. IMI Uzi - 9x19mm Colombian military hold Uzis as the FBI director lands. A Colombian officer has a full size Uzi slung. Standard Uzi seen held by the agent on the right. Escobedo's guard with a Uzi. A drug cartel member gets ready for the attack by U.S. troops Colombian soldier at the airport holds the Uzi. Mini Uzi Several members of the diplomatic convoy in Colombia can be seen using Mini Uzis when they are ambushed. Several of Escobedo's men also wield Mini-Uzis, notably when Ryan meets with Escobedo at the Cafe Lindo factory. Mini Uzi SMG with stock folded - 9x19mm The agent on the left carries what appears to be a Mini Uzi . Note the slightly shorter barrel in comparison the one held by the agent on the right. The cartel soldier to the far left has a Mini Uzi. The cartel soldier to the left armed with a Mini Uzi. Sipo ( Jorge Luke ) holds the mini Uzi. One of the Cafe Lindo factory guards armed with the Mini Uzi. Note the use of the folded buttstock as a foregrip. Heckler & Koch MP5K The Heckler & Koch MP5K is carried by U.S. security personnel during the car ambush scene. Felix Cortez ( Joaquim de Almeida ) and several of Escobedo's men also carry them during the final scenes in which Cortez hunts the escaping protagonists. Heckler & Koch MP5K - version with SEF Plastic Trigger Pack - 9x19mm. This is a very well worn Motion picture weapon Felix Cortez with a MP5K while chasing Ryan. Cortez fires at Ryan with a MP5K. Intratec TEC-9 One of the Cafe Lindo factory guards is seen with an Intratec TEC-9 before being taken out by Clark. Intratec TEC-9 - 9x19mm‎ A Coast Guard officer with a Remington 870 apprehending the cartel soldiers. The Remington is on the left. Machine Guns M60 An M60 machine gun can be seen on the deck of the U.S. Coast Guard cutter when the yacht Enchanter is stopped. M60 machine gun - 7.62x51mm NATO A Coast Guard member checks his M60. M60E3 An M60E3 with a shortened barrel a la Predator is later seen being used by a member of the Operation Reciprocity team. M60E3 machine gun with short barrel - 7.62x51mm NATO On the right, the Reciprocity member carries the M60E3. Special Ops member changes radio frequency with his M60E3 slung on his body. Browning M2 Aircraft A Browning M2 Aircraft machine gun is seen on a Colombian military jeep. The Browning is seen being fired by mercenaries on the Reciprocity team. Browning M2 Aircraft, Flexible - .50 BMG A jeep mounted Browning M2. Two Brownings (M1919 on left and M2 on right) seen in a scene from the trailer. A Colombian mercenary fires a Browning M2 at the Reciprocity team. Browning M1919A4 Several Browning M1919A4 machine guns can be seen mounted on Colombian military police jeeps in the scenes where Dr. Jack Ryan ( Harrison Ford ) first arrives in Colombia, and when the ill-fated diplomatic convoy leaves the airport. Browning M1919A4 on a pedestal mount - .30-06 A Browning M1919A4 mounted on a Colombian military police jeep. M242 Bushmaster chaingun An M242 Bushmaster chaingun can be seen on the bow of the Coast Guard ship at the beginning of the movie. M242 Bushmaster chaingun - 25x137mm M242 Bushmaster as a Mk 38 or Mk 46 'deck gun,' 25mm. GE M134 Minigun The MH-60 Black Hawks transporting the Reciprocity team in the film are armed with GE M134D Miniguns mounted as doorguns. General Dynamics GAU-17/A, US Air Force version of the M134 Minigun. The US Army uses a similarly-configured minigun for its helicopters, but do not utilize the GAU designation. The MH-60 Black Hawks transporting the Reciprocity team in the film are armed with GE M134D Miniguns mounted as doorguns. The M134 miniguns seen on the side of the Black Hawks. Launchers M203 Grenade Launcher Members of the Reciprocity team can be seen with M203 grenade launchers mounted on their M16A1's during the film. M16A1 (5.56x45mm) with M203 grenade launcher mounted - 40x46mm Sgt Julio Vega ( Jaime Gomez ) moves through the jungle with his M16A1 with mounted M203 . Vega lies prone with his M16A1/M203. Type 69 RPG Several Chinese Type 69 RPGs , fitted with PGO-7 scopes, are used by the Colombian drug dealers to ambush and destroy the American diplomatic convoy. The weapon is fired at least four times. Chinese Type 69 rocket launcher - 40mm A cartel soldier fires a Chinese Type 69 at the lead Chevrolet Surburban of the American diplomatic convoy. A cartel soldier launches another RPG with his Type 69. This footage would later be reused in a Season 1 episode of JAG . A cartel soldier takes out the rear suburban with the Type 69. This Blu-ray screenshot shows the guide wire used to direct the rocket prop. Another cartel soldier prepares to use the Type 69 RPG launcher on the convoy. Note that these Chinese launchers are fitted with Russian PGO-7 scopes. See also	i don't know
In space it is impossible to cry?	True or False in space it is impossible to cry? the answer is YES - YouTube True or False in space it is impossible to cry? the answer is YES Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. The interactive transcript could not be loaded. Loading... Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Apr 11, 2013 Is it impossible to cry in space? While your eyes can water, the lack of gravity in space means that it will never form into tears. Can astronauts cry in space? No, it is not possible to cry in space. If you had your space suit on and everything, then yeah you could cry Category	True
Copyrightable is the longest word in the English language that can be written without repeating a letter?	Phil Plait's Bad Astronomy: Mad Science Country: USA Message: I ran across the following unattributed statement in a list of "weird but true" facts... "In space, astronauts cannot cry, because there is no gravity, so the tears can't flow!" Is this true? To make sure I answered your question correctly, I checked with Ron Parise, an actual Shuttle astronaut who works down the hall from me. He confirmed that astronauts can indeed cry in space. Tears run down your face because of gravity, but they don't need gravity to form. When the tears get big enough they simply break free of the eye and float around. So the real question is why would an astronaut cry in space in the first place? My guess is they accidentally look at the Sun, or stub their toes on some equipment. That might be easy to do when there is no "down"! ©2008 Phil Plait. All Rights Reserved. This page last modified	i don't know
Over 80,000 photographs are taken around the world every second?	Puzzles - True or False? CLICK FOR FULL PAGE . In space it is impossible to cry? 2. "Copyrightable" is the longest word in the English language that can be written without repeating a letter? 3. Slug's don't have any noses? 4. Most Eskimoes have fridges? 5. An Ostrich's eye is bigger than its brain? 6. Thomas Edison, who invented the lightbulb, was afraid of the dark? 7. There are no anagrams of the word "stationed"? 8. Taphephobia is the fear of losing your teeth? 9. Over 80,000 photographs are taken around the world every second? 10. The letter "t" is the second most common letter used in the English language? . In space it is impossible to cry? TRUE 2. "Copyrightable" is the longest word in the English language that can be written without repeating a letter? TRUE 3. Slug's don't have any noses? TRUE 4. Most Eskimoes have fridges? TRUE 5. An Ostrich's eye is bigger than its brain? TRUE 6. Thomas Edison, who invented the lightbulb, was afraid of the dark? TRUE 7. There are no anagrams of the word "stationed"? TRUE 8. Taphephobia is the fear of losing your teeth? TRUE 9. Over 80,000 photographs are taken around the world every second? TRUE 10. The letter "t" is the second most common letter used in the English language TRUE 7. There are no anagrams of the word "stationed"? Antidotes (I cheated) 8. taphephobia is the fear of being mistaken for dead when you're really still alive.... 2. "Copyrightable" is the longest word in the English language that can be written without repeating a letter? uncopyrightable A bold declaration by Furby there! some right some wrong.. as you might expect Particularly well done to Helio for coming up with uncopyrightable, to Eccles, for cheating, to slugs for having four noses, and to absolutely everyone for kindly NOT pointing out the rogue apostrophe (wince, shudder, I copied and pasted and didn't check.) Here's the full list: 1. In space it is impossible to cry? True (there is no gravity, so tears cannot flow) 2. "Copyrightable" is the longest word in the English language that can be written without repeating a letter? False (it's "uncopyrightable") 3. Slugs don't have any noses? False (they have four) 4. Most Eskimoes have fridges? True (to keep their food from freezing) 5. An Ostrich's eye is bigger than its brain? True 6. Thomas Edison, who invented the lightbulb, was afraid of the dark? True 7. There are no anagrams of the word "stationed"? False ("antidotes") 8. Taphephobia is the fear of losing your teeth? False (it's the fear of being buried alive) 9. Over 80,000 photographs are taken around the world every second? False (approximately 2,700 are) 10. The letter "t" is the second most common letter used in the English language? True Being buried alive might be a bit common. � Creature read in a Book that they were having a funeral service for a Greek Bishop in his church and the Bishop was lying in state in the church. � And suddenly the Bishop sat up and said to the congregation Wot is you all staring at? Another time the congregation was singing a funeral hymn in a church, and a voice from inside the coffin joined in the chorus. And here another wot I think is true. � Creature had a friend from County Roscommon. � Over there the corpse lies in bed and everybody goes into the bedroom to pay their respects and say a prayer. � Peter and his friend were on opposite sides of the bed of an old lady wot bent double by arthritis in life. � But she was flat on her back in bed. � Not for long when the naughty boys had undone the buckles of the belt wot kept her strapped down. � You never saw a room empty so fast when the dead old biddy sat up. And if it not true, it ought to be! The first part of an autopsy consists of identifying the decedent, recording the weight and length of the body, describing the appearance of the body from head to toe and back to front, and then detailing the physical signs consistent with death. Usually, this is a second time the person is declared dead, and done quite scientifically. Maybe the funeral parlor undertaker can get away with murder, but the pathologist cannot, unless he confabulates the details of his autopsy. I was under the impression that the purpose of a post mortem (autopsy) was to determine the cause of death rather than confirm that it had occurred. But I have also heard of rigor mortis causing a body to sit up, which I imagine would be quite unnerving the first time it is seen. Well, I learned autopsy from some Very Old old timers, and that is the way it is done properly, and you have to document that you confirmed the existence of death before you plunge into More Interesting Stuff. I have never seen a dead body do anything other than lie on the table. I have seen some remarkable causes of death come to light, that were utterly unsuspected by the medical school faculty prior to autopsy, however.	False
What was the most recent film to win a best picture Oscar which was predominantly black and white?	Puzzles - True or False? CLICK FOR FULL PAGE . In space it is impossible to cry? 2. "Copyrightable" is the longest word in the English language that can be written without repeating a letter? 3. Slug's don't have any noses? 4. Most Eskimoes have fridges? 5. An Ostrich's eye is bigger than its brain? 6. Thomas Edison, who invented the lightbulb, was afraid of the dark? 7. There are no anagrams of the word "stationed"? 8. Taphephobia is the fear of losing your teeth? 9. Over 80,000 photographs are taken around the world every second? 10. The letter "t" is the second most common letter used in the English language? . In space it is impossible to cry? TRUE 2. "Copyrightable" is the longest word in the English language that can be written without repeating a letter? TRUE 3. Slug's don't have any noses? TRUE 4. Most Eskimoes have fridges? TRUE 5. An Ostrich's eye is bigger than its brain? TRUE 6. Thomas Edison, who invented the lightbulb, was afraid of the dark? TRUE 7. There are no anagrams of the word "stationed"? TRUE 8. Taphephobia is the fear of losing your teeth? TRUE 9. Over 80,000 photographs are taken around the world every second? TRUE 10. The letter "t" is the second most common letter used in the English language TRUE 7. There are no anagrams of the word "stationed"? Antidotes (I cheated) 8. taphephobia is the fear of being mistaken for dead when you're really still alive.... 2. "Copyrightable" is the longest word in the English language that can be written without repeating a letter? uncopyrightable A bold declaration by Furby there! some right some wrong.. as you might expect Particularly well done to Helio for coming up with uncopyrightable, to Eccles, for cheating, to slugs for having four noses, and to absolutely everyone for kindly NOT pointing out the rogue apostrophe (wince, shudder, I copied and pasted and didn't check.) Here's the full list: 1. In space it is impossible to cry? True (there is no gravity, so tears cannot flow) 2. "Copyrightable" is the longest word in the English language that can be written without repeating a letter? False (it's "uncopyrightable") 3. Slugs don't have any noses? False (they have four) 4. Most Eskimoes have fridges? True (to keep their food from freezing) 5. An Ostrich's eye is bigger than its brain? True 6. Thomas Edison, who invented the lightbulb, was afraid of the dark? True 7. There are no anagrams of the word "stationed"? False ("antidotes") 8. Taphephobia is the fear of losing your teeth? False (it's the fear of being buried alive) 9. Over 80,000 photographs are taken around the world every second? False (approximately 2,700 are) 10. The letter "t" is the second most common letter used in the English language? True Being buried alive might be a bit common. � Creature read in a Book that they were having a funeral service for a Greek Bishop in his church and the Bishop was lying in state in the church. � And suddenly the Bishop sat up and said to the congregation Wot is you all staring at? Another time the congregation was singing a funeral hymn in a church, and a voice from inside the coffin joined in the chorus. And here another wot I think is true. � Creature had a friend from County Roscommon. � Over there the corpse lies in bed and everybody goes into the bedroom to pay their respects and say a prayer. � Peter and his friend were on opposite sides of the bed of an old lady wot bent double by arthritis in life. � But she was flat on her back in bed. � Not for long when the naughty boys had undone the buckles of the belt wot kept her strapped down. � You never saw a room empty so fast when the dead old biddy sat up. And if it not true, it ought to be! The first part of an autopsy consists of identifying the decedent, recording the weight and length of the body, describing the appearance of the body from head to toe and back to front, and then detailing the physical signs consistent with death. Usually, this is a second time the person is declared dead, and done quite scientifically. Maybe the funeral parlor undertaker can get away with murder, but the pathologist cannot, unless he confabulates the details of his autopsy. I was under the impression that the purpose of a post mortem (autopsy) was to determine the cause of death rather than confirm that it had occurred. But I have also heard of rigor mortis causing a body to sit up, which I imagine would be quite unnerving the first time it is seen. Well, I learned autopsy from some Very Old old timers, and that is the way it is done properly, and you have to document that you confirmed the existence of death before you plunge into More Interesting Stuff. I have never seen a dead body do anything other than lie on the table. I have seen some remarkable causes of death come to light, that were utterly unsuspected by the medical school faculty prior to autopsy, however.	i don't know
Which film was adapted from a Michael Ondaajte novel and went on to win 9 Oscars?	'English Patient' Dominates Oscars With Nine, Including Best Picture 'English Patient' Dominates Oscars With Nine, Including Best Picture By LAWRENCE VAN GELDER he English Patient,'' a mesmerizing tale of love and betrayal set against the background of World War II in the deserts of North Africa and the devastation of Italy, dominated the 69th Academy Awards last night in Los Angeles. The film, adapted by its director, Anthony Minghella, from Michael Ondaatje's 1992 Booker Prize-winning novel, won in 9 of the 12 categories in which it had received nominations, including best picture. Its Academy Awards of Merit, the official name of the Oscars, included the prizes for Mr. Minghella as director and for Juliette Binoche as best supporting actress, as well as for cinematography, art direction, costume design, editing, sound and original dramatic score. The haul of the gold-plated statuettes, depicting a knight standing on a reel of film, hands gripping a sword, put ''The English Patient'' in a category of films that includes the 1958 musical ''Gigi'' and the 1987 epic ''The Last Emperor.'' Only the 1961 musical ''West Side Story,'' with 10 Oscars, and the 1959 biblical drama ''Ben-Hur,'' with 11, have won more. Standing between ''The English Patient'' and a sweep in the major categories were Billy Bob Thornton, who won the Oscar for best screenplay adaptation for ''Sling Blade''; Geoffrey Rush for his portrayal of the troubled Australian pianist David Helfgott in ''Shine,'' and Frances McDormand, chosen best actress for her portrayal of a pregnant police chief in ''Fargo.'' That snowbound film noir also won the brothers Ethan and Joel Coen the prize for best original screenplay. Even before last night's ceremonies, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences had announced that its Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award, an honorary accolade for high level of producing was to go to Saul Zaentz, the producer of ''The English Patient.'' His previous Oscar winners were ''One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest'' and ''Amadeus.'' Accepting his award, Mr. Zaentz spoke of the passion that separates one film from another, and as he held his award aloft, he said: ''This belongs to the many with whom I have shared dreams and journeys. My cup is full.'' Later, when ''The English Patient'' was named best film, Mr. Zaentz said, ''It runneth over.'' The awards to ''The English Patient,'' ''Fargo'' and ''Shine'' capped a year in which the major Hollywood studios were pushed aside at awards ceremonies in favor of so-called independent productions. If the night could be said to hold a surprise, it was the decision of the voters to award the prize for best supporting actress to Ms. Binoche rather than to Lauren Bacall for her portrayal of an overbearing mother in ''The Mirror Has Two Faces.'' Even Ms. Binoche said she was surprised. After a three-year hiatus, Billy Crystal returned as host of the ceremonies for the fifth time since 1990, opening the show at the Shrine Auditorium with a series of film clips that injected him into scenes from some of the Oscar-nominated films as he pondered the wisdom of resuming the role of host. With Yoda of ''Stars Wars'' as the adviser on his troubled decision to come back, he turned to his putative parents -- Brenda Blethyn in scenes from ''Secrets and Lies'' and Armin Mueller-Stahl in ''Shine.'' He confronted Tom Cruise of ''Jerry Maguire'' as his agent and left his thick book of jokes with a dying Kristin Scott Thomas of ''The English Patient'' as he went off to appear on the Academy Awards show. On the ABC telecast, said to be seen by an audience of more than a billion people in 100 countries, Mr. Crystal poked fun at David Letterman, called the Shrine Auditorium the only theater in America not showing one of the ''Stars Wars'' movies,'' sang a medley of parodies about the best-picture nominees and joked that the only person in the country guaranteed to wake up with a statue today was Tipper Gore. It was a night made notable by an the endless ''I love you's'' and thanks delivered by a jubilant Cuba Gooding Jr., who won the evening's first award, best supporting actor, for his portrayal of the professional football player who demands, ''Show me the money,'' in ''Jerry Maguire.'' There were also ovations for the former heavyweight champion Muhammad Ali and the pianist David Helfgott, who figured in two of the nominated films. Mr. Ali walked slowly to the stage after ''When We Were Kings,'' about his 1974 heavyweight championship bout with George Foreman in Zaire, won the prize for best feature documentary. The dimwitted cartoon characters Beavis and Butt-head made their debuts as presenters, delivering the award for best achievement in sound effects editing to Bruce Stambler for ''The Ghost and the Darkness.'' ''Kolya'' a Czech production directed by Jan Sverak, won the prize for best foreign film. The Academy Award for best song went to ''You Must Love Me,'' written for ''Evita'' by the composer Andrew Lloyd Webber and the lyricist Tim Rice. ''The English Patient'' won the first of its awards for the best achievement in art direction, with Oscars for Stuart Craig for art direction and to Stephenie McMillan for set decoration. The award for best achievement in makeup was won by Rick Baker and David Leroy Anderson for ''The Nutty Professor,'' starring Eddie Murphy. The prize for best achievement in live action short films went to David Frankel and Barry Jossen for ''Dear Diary.'' Leon Gast and David Sonenberg won the Academy Award for best achievement in documentary features for their film about the ''Rumble in the Jungle,'' the heavyweight Ali-Foreman championship fight 23 years ago. The war of the worlds depicted in ''Independence Day,'' with its destruction of cities, brought an Oscar for the best achievement in special effects to Volker Engel, Douglas Smith, Clay Pinney and Joseph Viskocil. The prize for sound effects editing went to Bruce Stambler for ''The Ghost and the Darkness,'' about two marauding lions. The Oscar for animated short films went to Tyron Montgomery and Thomas Stellmach for ''Quest.'' Jessica Yu was awarded the Oscar for best achievement in documentary short subjects for ''Breathing Lessons: The Life and Work of Mark O'Brien,'' about a paralyzed writer who has lived for 41 years in an iron lung. Rachel Portman won the Oscar for best achievement in music for an original musical or comedy score for ''Emma.'' Michael Kidd, who created the dances for ''Seven Brides for Seven Brothers,'' ''Guys and Dolls'' and other musicals, received an honorary award for career achievement. Among presenters of the Academy Awards were such previous Oscar winners as Nicolas Cage, Susan Sarandon, Julie Andrews, Michael Douglas, Jodie Foster, Goldie Hawn, Tommy Lee Jones and Diane Keaton. Other presenters included Sandra Bullock, Chris O'Donnell, Nicole Kidman, Chris Farley and Will Smith. An Oscar for scientific and technical achievement went to the Imax Corporation for its large-format movies. A total of 248-feature length films met the eligibility requirement for 1996 Academy Award consideration. Feature-length films in English or with English subtitles, regardless of country of origin, are eligible for the awards if first publicly exhibited in 35- or 70-millimeter format in a theater in Los Angeles County for a commercial run of at least seven days beginning before midnight Dec. 31.	The English Patient
Which person was nominated for Oscars for acting, directing and writing for the 1981 film Reds?	Oscar-Nominated Book-To-Movie Adaptations \| Read It Forward Oscar-Nominated Book-To-Movie Adaptations By Natalie Zutter • 11 months ago It’s Oscar weekend! Since its inception, the Academy Awards has honored movie adaptations with Best Adapted Screenplay, highlighting the filmmakers who take a short story, novel or play and translate it to the silver screen. While there are countless adaptations that have been nominated or won in the last 88 years, we’ve picked 14 that demonstrate the range of source material: Pulitzer Prize winners, doorstopper romantic epics, fantasy classics, whimsical children’s stories, pulpy thrillers, and nearly every genre you can imagine. What are your favorite and most memorable adaptations that became Oscar darlings? What We're Reading This Week Get recommendations for the greatest books around straight to your inbox every week. Great! You've signed up successfully! Email Address Gone with the Wind by Margaret Mitchell 1939 Academy Awards Won: Best Picture, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Director, Best Actress, Best Supporting Actress, Best Cinematography, Best Film Editing, Best Art Direction Nominated: Best Actor, Best Supporting Actress, Best Visual Effects, Best Score, Best Sound Editing Considered one of the greatest films of all time, this adaptation of Margaret Mitchell’s behemoth novel (weighing in at over a thousand pages) went to great lengths to find its Scarlett O’Hara and Rhett Butler. But Vivien Leigh was worth the wait, especially for her portrayal of Scarlett in her radiant moment of promising to save Tara and those she holds dear. And who can forget how the movie elevated the book’s quote to the famous brush-off, “Frankly my dear, I don’t give a damn”? To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee 1962 Academy Awards Won: Best Actor, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Art Direction Nominated: Best Picture, Best Director, Best Cinematography, Best Supporting Actress, Best Score On the heels of its Pulitzer Prize win, Harper Lee’s beloved novel was adapted into a film that became equally vital in shaping audiences’ childhoods. While a faithful adaptation, arguably the movie’s greatest strength was Gregory Peck’s Oscar-winning embodiment of Atticus Finch. Lee’s words coming out of Peck’s mouth made for movie history, in a performance that is still examined and parodied today. Mary Poppins by P.L. Travers 1964 Academy Awards Won: Best Actress, Best Original Song, Best Score, Best Film Editing, Best Visual Effects Nominated: Best Picture, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Director, Best Art Direction, Best Costume Design, Best Adaptation or Treatment Score While the score and songs from Walt Disney’s movie adaptation made Mary Poppins everyone’s favorite fictional nanny, there’s no discounting that this vision belongs to P.L. Travers. Her series of children’s books laid out all of the delightful details, from Poppins’ ease with an umbrella to her endless carpetbag to visits with the Bird Woman. It’s also the rare movie whose making-of inspired another film, 2013’s Saving Mr. Banks. The Color Purple by Alice Walker 1985 Academy Awards Won: n/a Nominated: Best Picture, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Actress, Best Supporting Actress, Best Cinematography, Best Art Direction, Best Costume Design, Best Makeup, Best Original Song, Best Score Steven Spielberg’s adaptation is the rare case where the movie hardly resembles the book, yet it still finds some nugget to translate and win audiences over. According to the New York Times review, Spielberg transforms the “realism and grit” of Alice Walker’s novel into a more upbeat tale which emphasizes the importance of family loyalty in even the most dire of circumstances, as Celie is separated from her sister, endures an abusive marriage, and falls in love with another woman. 1990 Academy Awards Won: Best Actress Stephen King’s horror novel, about a novelist taken captive by his psychotic number-one fan, found an unusual set of collaborators in director Rob Reiner and screenwriter William Goldman (The Princess Bride). But after their respective work with comedies, the duo dug into Paul Sheldon’s story, as the insane Annie Baker (Kathy Bates, winning an Oscar for the role) becomes enraged at him killing her favorite character, forces him to bring her back to life, and–in one of literature and cinema’s most brutal scenes–hobbles his feet to keep him from escaping. The Silence of the Lambs by Thomas Harris 1991 Academy Awards Won: Best Picture, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Director, Best Actor, Best Actress Nominated: Best Sound, Best Film Editing Jonathan Demme’s adaptation swept the 64th Oscars, becoming only the third film at the time to win the Big Five Academy Awards. This is especially interesting considering that while the novel was a success and garnered fans such as David Foster Wallace, the movie was a sleeper hit. Clearly, Jodie Foster and Anthony Hopkins sold Claire Starling and Hannibal Lecter’s cannibalistic cat-and-mouse dynamic, which Ted Tally’s screenplay translated from the novel. And Demme’s direction was masterful, from the interrogation scenes to the most heart-pounding five minutes spent looking through night-vision goggles. The English Patient by Michael Ondaatje 1996 Academy Awards Won: Best Picture, Best Director, Best Supporting Actress, Best Cinematography, Best Art Direction, Best Costume Design, Best Film Editing, Best Original Score, Best Sound Mixing Nominated: Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Actor, Best Actress In other hands, Michael Ondaatje’s novel might not have translated well to the big screen–set at a bombed Italian monastery during World War II, it examines the interconnected lives of a French-Canadian nurse, a burned man who speaks English but doesn’t know his name, a Sikh bomb defuser, and a Canadian Intelligence Corps operative. But director and screenwriter Anthony Minghella produces a fine adaptation, in which the group’s attempts to jog the English patient’s memory reveals a story of love, revenge, and misunderstanding that resonates with all of them. The Return of the King by J.R.R. Tolkien 2003 Academy Awards Won: Best Picture, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Director, Best Costume Design, Best Art Direction, Best Film Editing, Best Makeup, Best Score, Best Original Song, Best Sound Mixing, Best Visual Effects While the first two movies in Peter Jackson’s ambitious adaptation of J.R.R. Tolkien’s trilogy seemed destined to be recognized more for the visual effects than the “Big Five” Academy Awards, The Return of the King made for the perfect closure to the kind of cinematic adventure that was as thrilling off-screen as on-. Like Gandalf swooping in on eagles to save the day, the final installment swept all 11 awards for which it was nominated. “Brokeback Mountain” from Close Range: Wyoming Stories by Annie Proulx 2005 Academy Awards Won: Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Director, Best Original Score Nominated: Best Picture, Best Actor, Best Supporting Actor, Best Supporting Actress, Best Cinematography Annie Proulx’s short story spooked several of the producers, directors, and actors who tried to bring it to the big screen, and many were surprised when Ang Lee (known for Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and Hulk) finally took the reins. But he made this “gay cowboy movie” amazingly tender, prompting Proulx to praise that “I may be the first writer in America to have a piece of writing make its way to the screen whole and entire.” No Country for Old Men by Cormac McCarthy 2007 Academy Awards Won: Best Picture, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Director, Best Supporting Actor Nominated: Best Cinematography, Best Film Editing, Best Sound Editing, Best Sound Mixing While Joel and Ethan Coen’s movies are known for their distinct style, when the brothers decided to try for an adaptation, they said, “Why not start with Cormac? Why not start with the best?” Furthermore, they elected not to change much of the novel, aside from removing a few subplots and broadening Sheriff Bell’s perspective to instead look through the eyes of the many people who encounter the utterly terrifying Anton Chigurh. Travelling to Infinity: My Life with Stephen by Jane Hawking 2014 Academy Awards Won: Best Actor Nominated: Best Picture, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Actress, Best Original Score The celebrated biopic The Theory of Everything (which earned Eddie Redmayne a Best Actor Oscar) took certain dramatic liberties with Jane Hawking’s memoir about her marriage to Stephen Hawking: The physicist is portrayed as more sensitive than he was depicted in Jane’s memory, and the movie intertwines their relationship with Hawking’s ALS, from meet-cute to diagnosis to their eventual separation (amicable in the film, bitter in real life). It’s standard Hollywood-ization of a true story, and should be taken with a grain of salt. Won: n/a Nominated: Best Actress, Best Supporting Actress While Reese Witherspoon and Laura Dern received Oscar nods for their performances in the adaptation of Cheryl Strayed’s moving memoir, her words survived the jump to the silver screen as well: The New York Times praised screenwriter Nick Hornby for “how fully [the film] respects Ms. Strayed’s free-associative, memory-driven narrative.” The studio could have made more commercial choices, but its commitment to presenting her story—which captivated readers well on its own—gained it respect, in turn. The Danish Girl by David Ebershoff 2015 Academy Awards Won: TBD Nominated: Best Actor, Best Supporting Actress, Best Production Design, Best Costume Design With his 2000 novel, David Ebershoff presented a very fictionalized account of Lili Elbe, one of the first people to undergo sex reassignment surgery. As he followed his own imaginings in fabricating characters, especially Lili’s wife Greta (named Gerda in real life), it should come as no surprise that the film adaptation took similar liberties. Some of these run counter to the book, including more of an emphasis on Lili and Gerda’s relationship, and a different ending. Won: TBD Nominated: Best Picture, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Director, Best Actress In adapting her 2010 novel, Emma Donoghue first referred to a screenplay draft she had written between submission and publication. But as the process went on, Donoghue employed a number of techniques she wouldn’t have tried in prose: writing long, open-ended scenes “like a wildlife documentary,” she says; allowing the actors to improvise; etc. These creative choices led to a more naturalistic story that hammered home the horrors of her original idea, about a young woman and her son held captive in Room, which makes up the boy’s entire world. About Natalie Zutter NATALIE ZUTTER has always been a voracious reader, from reading Agatha Christie and Entertainment Weekly above her age level as a kid to squeezing 52 books into the year whenever podcasts aren’t taking over her commute. A 2016 Amtrak Residency writer, Natalie also writes plays about superheroes and sex robots, and Tumblr rants about fandom. You can find her giggling over pop culture memes on Twitter @nataliezutter . You Might Also Like	i don't know
Which 80 year old said well, good for me, after being told she was the oldest person to win an Oscar for acting?	Jessica Tandy, a Patrician Star Of Theater and Film, Dies at 85 Jessica Tandy, a Patrician Star Of Theater and Film, Dies at 85 By MARILYN BERGER Jessica Tandy, who enhanced the American theater and enriched the American screen as few actresses have, died yesterday at her home in Easton, Conn. She was 85. The cause was ovarian cancer, said her husband, the actor Hume Cronyn. Miss Tandy triumphed on Broadway in 1947 as Blanche Dubois in Tennessee Williams's "Streetcar Named Desire," and was still a great star more than 40 years later when she played the title character in the 1989 film "Driving Miss Daisy." In the years between, she and Mr. Cronyn, played opposite each other in success after success to become the most illustrious theater couple of their day. With the role of Blanche Dubois, Miss Tandy emerged from a series of minor film roles as a maid for some of Hollywood's leading ladies, to establish herself as one of the leading ladies of the stage. The memory can still bring chills to those who saw her performance, which the New York Times drama critic Brooks Atkinson called "incredibly true." Almost four decades later, another New York Times drama critic, Frank Rich, wrote of her, "Everything this actress does is so pure and right that only poets, not theater critics, should be allowed to write about her." When she was 80 years old, she brought that purity and rightness to her portrayal of an aging and fiercely independent Southern lady in "Driving Miss Daisy." It was a performance that won her critical acclaim from Los Angeles to Berlin and, at last, an Academy Award. When she received the Oscar in March 1990 she was the oldest person ever to win one. She vowed to go on working, although she said she hoped she would know when to stop, "before they have to get the hook." The Academy Award came one year after she won an Emmy for her performance in the television adaptation of "Foxfire," of which her husband was was a co-writer. Even after she became seriously ill she continued to work, completing three films and two television dramas. A Phenomenal Record Of Joint Triumphs When Miss Tandy and Mr. Cronyn first appeared together, in "The Fourposter" in 1951, audiences found a husband-and-wife team that would come to succeed Alfred Lunt and Lynn Fontanne as the foremost couple of the American theater. One triumph followed another, culminating in "The Gin Game" in 1977 and "Foxfire" in 1982. By 1986, when they appeared in "The Petition," Mr. Rich was writing of "their legendary theatrical relationship" and of a Cronyn-Tandy moment as "an acting phenomenon now unique in the Broadway theater and possibly never to come its way again." Mel Gussow, another drama critic for The Times, called them "two actors at their summit." He wrote that when the Cronyns acted together, it was "a matter of hearts, minds and bodies in creative harmony." One of their last projects together was "To Dance With the White Dog," a television movie that had its premiere last year. At last night's Emmy Awards in Pasadena, Calif., Mr. Cronyn was named best actor in a mini-series or special for his performance as a recently widowed man mourning his wife. Miss Tandy was nominated for best actress but did not win. A clip from the movie was shown during the awards ceremony in a brief tribute to her. When they took "The Gin Game" to Moscow in 1979, they won the accolade that Mr. Cronyn treasures above all others. Oleg N. Yefremov, the director of the renowned Moscow Art Theater, wrote in his review, "It takes a couple of actors from America to remind us what Stanislavsky was talking about." Miss Tandy was nominated five times for a Tony and won three: in 1948 for her role as Blanche Dubois, for "The Gin Game" in 1978, and for "Foxfire" in 1983. Mr. Cronyn was also nominated for "The Gin Game" but did not win. "I was bitterly disappointed," Miss Tandy said. "His performance is part of mine. I think he's very proud when I win, and vice versa." In July 1994 they were honored with a special Tony for their life's work in the theater. They had already received the Kennedy Center Lifetime Achievement medal, in December 1986, and the National Medal of Art, from President Bush in 1990. Directors Adored Her Good Nature Miss Tandy acted in more than 100 stage productions during her 67-year career, which began in England and encompassed the West End in London as well as the British provinces, Broadway, and the regional theaters that were once so important to the American stage. She appeared in more than 25 movies and played the leading role in a number of television programs, developing from a diffident neophyte into an actress sure of her craft, a star adored by directors for her serenity. There was no temperament; there were no tantrums. Elia Kazan, her director in "Streetcar" said: "She's absolutely sweet-natured. She does her job; she has a sense of humor." With each performance her reviews got better. "I think I've gotten better," she said when she was 77. "I've gotten more confident in myself in the last five to six years. Earlier I think I distrusted myself. I'd be in things I felt weren't being done right and I didn't speak up. Now I do. I think people trust me." Miss Tandy, who became an American citizen in 1954, was born in London on June 7, 1909. Her father died when she was 12 and her mother took clerical and teaching jobs at night to supplement her regular income as headmistress of a school for retarded children. She and her two older brothers were read to a lot, Miss Tandy recalled in 1986: "good stuff, poetry." "I had an appreciation of the words. We were also taken to theater. I sat in a lot of galleries. It was a magical time, but toward the end I would get fidgety and nervous. I never wanted it to end." She also grew to love Shakespeare, one of the few in her class who did. "Almost everyone would say, 'Oh, God, it's Shakespeare this afternoon.' To me it was heaven." Her brothers would stage family theatricals in their five-room flat in northeast London, but she said she did not show any promise. "I was a graceless lump," she recalled. "My brothers would always say, 'Oh, Mummy, do we really have to have her in it?' " Nevertheless, her love of the theater led her to the Ben Greet Academy of Acting where, in 1924, she began three years of dramatic training. She was 18 when she made her professional debut in a small back-room theater in Soho in "The Manderson Girls." The salary was & #163;2 a week, out of which she somehow had to pay for the five elegant costumes her part required. She managed by sewing them herself. Thought Herself An Ugly Duckling She was convinced that she was plain and that there was nothing to be done about it. "I had absolutely no dress sense and no money to indulge it even if I did," she said. Her self-confidence was not enhanced by her many letters of recommendation. She remembered that each one of them said, "Don't be put off by how she looks." But if she ever was an ugly duckling -- and there are many photographs that suggest she was not -- a swan finally emerged, for in her later years she was a handsome woman with gray-white hair and sparkling eyes of cornflower blue. She could look back philosophically, saying: "In a way it was rather good. I didn't get the part of the young ingenue. I got more interesting parts." In 1929 she made her West End debut in "The Rumor," by Charles Kirkpatrick Munro, but it was in 1932, in the role of Manuela in Christa Winsloe's "Children in Uniform," that she became recognized as a gifted actress. It was a role that also afforded her one of her most treasured moments in the theater. "There was one performance when the audience didn't clap at all, they were so moved," she recalled. During the 1930's she appeared in more than two dozen contemporary plays, but in the English tradition honed her skill on the classics, especially Shakespeare. In 1934 she was Ophelia to John Gielgud's legendary Hamlet. She was Viola in Tyrone Guthrie's 1937 production of "Twelfth Night" at the Old Vic in London, where she twice shared the stage with Laurence Olivier. In 1940, she returned to the Old Vic as Cordelia with Gielgud in the role of King Lear. The offer of a role in "The Matriarch" brought her to New York briefly in 1930 for her Broadway debut. Ten years later, when the war in Europe had begun and her eight-year marriage to the actor Jack Hawkins was ending, she settled in the United States. There was the lure of Hollywood, and there was the need to support her 6-year-old daughter, Susan. She was allowed to take only & #163;10 out of the country, and despite her long list of credits, it was such a struggle to make ends meet that she almost abandoned the stage. In 1940, while she was appearing in A. J. Cronin's "Jupiter Laughs," a young actor and wealthy man-about-town by the name of Hume Cronyn called on her backstage. Two years later they moved to Hollywood and were married. A son, Chris, was born in 1943 and a daughter, Tandy, in 1945. They, her daughter Susan, five grandchildren and three great-grandchildren survive her, in addition to her husband. Maids' Roles Ended, Thanks to Cronyn In Hollywood, Mr. Cronyn landed some interesting roles in the movies, but Miss Tandy's career languished. At one point she even told friends she was thinking of giving up acting. She appeared with Mr. Cronyn in "The Seventh Cross" (1944) and played bit parts in several other movies, including the role of a ladies' maid in "Forever Amber" (1947), but having to say lines like "Yes, Mum" and 'No, Mum" in yet another movie became very discouraging, she recalled many years later. "I'd had a good start and I was in the doldrums in Hollywood," she said. "It was not a happy position. I began to feel I had no talent and it was all a pipe dream. It was Hume who got me out of it." He got her out of it in 1946 when he cast her in "Portrait of a Madonna," a play by Tennessee Williams that he was directing in a small theater in Los Angeles. The rave reviews brought Mr. Williams to Los Angeles from New York, where he was casting his new play, "A Streetcar Named Desire." He wrote in his "Memoirs," "It was instantly apparent to me that Jessica was Blanche." The play, co-starring Marlon Brando in the role of Stanley Kowalski and Kim Hunter as Blanche's sister, Stella, won rapturous reviews, a Pulitzer Prize and the Drama Critics Circle Award and ran for more than two years on Broadway before going on a national tour. Years later, Mr. Kazan remembered the joy of directing Miss Tandy. "She's perfect," he said. "She never stops working and she's always full of little surprises. She always does things a little better than you think she will." Mr. Atkinson, writing about Miss Tandy's performance in The New York Times, said, "It does seem almost incredible that she could understand such an elusive part so thoroughly and that she can convey it with so many shades and impulses that are accurate, revealing and true." A contrary view was expressed by her co-star Mr. Brando in his recently published autobiography. In "Brando: Songs My Mother Taught Me," the actor wrote: "I think Jessica and I were both miscast, and between us we threw the play out of balance. Jessica is a very good actress, but I never thought she was believable as Blanche. I didn't think she had the finesse or cultivated femininity that the part required, nor the fragility that Tennessee envisioned." When "Streetcar" was filmed, the part of Blanche went to Vivien Leigh; it was the only replacement among the Broadway leads. Characters Emerged Slowly From Script She said that in creating a character, "You have to get over 'how' you're doing it and know 'why' you're doing it. Once you forget about the 'how' you get the appearance of reality." She believed the secret to a character was in the script and that it was the actor's duty to "dig it out." She said: "I'm slow about it. I keep going back to the script, the script, the script." To Miss Tandy, audience reaction was part of a play. She said, "It's not a matter of whether they're laughing or not but whether they're breathing or not." But audiences, like the theater itself, underwent profound changes during Miss Tandy's years on the stage. "The trouble with the theater," she said in 1986, "is that it's no longer a way of life for an audience. It's just a way to kill an evening." One of the theater's problems, she said, was "we are so inundated with entertainment." "Now you flick a switch," she continued. "It's not the event it used to be." She said theater people had contributed to the problem by removing the curtain. "People come into the theater and they sit there watching the first scene and talking about what they've bought in Bloomingdale's that day. When you had a curtain, when the footlights went up on the curtain, and then the curtain itself went up, you were part of an experience." As for the actors, Miss Tandy said she hated to have to grope her way across a dark stage, stumbling into the furniture, "instead of getting on stage and having a moment to think about what you're going to do." Joe Mankiewicz, the film director who was a longtime friend, said that while Lynn Fontanne always had to make an entrance, "to Jessie the way she was when she got there was what was important." Loved to Play In the Classics Miss Tandy was always eager to perform in regional theaters and, with Mr. Cronyn, was among the first to volunteer when Tyrone Guthrie launched his repertory theater in Minneapolis. The participation of stars of their magnitude helped put the stamp of legitimacy on the fledgling regional theater movement. The attraction for the Cronyns and others who followed was the opportunity to do the classics. During the Guthrie's first season in 1963, for example, Miss Tandy played Gertrude in Hamlet, Olga in "The Three Sisters" and the wife of Willy Loman in "Death of a Salesman." She also acted in the Shakespeare festivals in Stratford, Conn., and Stratford, Ontario. In 1983 she starred in a revival of an American classic, Tennessee Williams's "Glass Menagerie." Frank Rich wrote in The New York Times, "You pass up Miss Tandy's Amanda Wingfield only at your own peril." She hated the experience of seeing herself in the movies. "It's a very humbling experience to watch yourself," she said. But while the satisfaction of film never came close to the joy of a live performance, she said she felt it was important to accept roles that were offered to her; it helped pay expenses when she took parts at minimum pay in Off Broadway houses. She played Mr. Cronyn's wife in four of her most recent films, "Honky Tonk Freeway," (1981) "Cocoon," (1984), "Batteries Not Included" (1987) and "Cocoon: The Return" (1988). In 1991, Miss Tandy, then 82, played an indomitable 82-year-old woman in "Fried Green Tomatoes." Miss Tandy co-starred with her husband in 10 plays on Broadway and dozens of Off Broadway and regional productions during their 52-year marriage. Wherever they went they were asked how they tolerated so much togetherness. "It's hard sometimes," she acknowledged, "but we always manage to give ourselves space. We don't live in each other's pockets. We don't take the play home with us. We do make suggestions to each other, and if we don't agree we respect each other's views." She burst out laughing and recalled Dame Sybil Thorndike's response when asked whether she ever considered divorcing her husband, with whom she had long shared the stage. "Divorce? Never. Murder? Frequently." In her 70's and even into her 80's, Miss Tandy continued to take on strenuous parts, despite increased difficulty with memorization and stage fright that had got worse rather than better. Even a double cataract operation in 1973 and a cardiovascular problem that caused her collapse onstage during a performance of "Foxfire" in Los Angeles in 1985 did not slow her down. Nor did major surgery for cancer in 1991. She appeared in the television movies "The Story Lady" (1991) and "To Dance With the White Dog" (1993) and completed three more feature films: "Used People" (1992) and "Camilla" and "Nobody's Fool," which are to be released this fall. "Jessie adores working," Mr. Cronyn said in 1986. "She's more fully alive when she's working." As she got older she seemed to be in ever greater demand, but over the years she took good parts and she took bad parts. "You are richer for doing things," she said. "If you wait for the perfect part or for what sends you, you will have long waits, and you deteriorate. You can't be an actor without acting." A Dedicated Life in the Public Eye During a 67-year acting career in Britain and the United States, Jessica Tandy appeared in more than 100 plays, more than 25 movies and numerous television shows. Here is a sampling. THEATER	Jessica Tandy
The 1971 TV movie Duel was one of the first pieces of work by which Oscar winning film director?	Jessica Tandy, a Patrician Star Of Theater and Film, Dies at 85 Jessica Tandy, a Patrician Star Of Theater and Film, Dies at 85 By MARILYN BERGER Jessica Tandy, who enhanced the American theater and enriched the American screen as few actresses have, died yesterday at her home in Easton, Conn. She was 85. The cause was ovarian cancer, said her husband, the actor Hume Cronyn. Miss Tandy triumphed on Broadway in 1947 as Blanche Dubois in Tennessee Williams's "Streetcar Named Desire," and was still a great star more than 40 years later when she played the title character in the 1989 film "Driving Miss Daisy." In the years between, she and Mr. Cronyn, played opposite each other in success after success to become the most illustrious theater couple of their day. With the role of Blanche Dubois, Miss Tandy emerged from a series of minor film roles as a maid for some of Hollywood's leading ladies, to establish herself as one of the leading ladies of the stage. The memory can still bring chills to those who saw her performance, which the New York Times drama critic Brooks Atkinson called "incredibly true." Almost four decades later, another New York Times drama critic, Frank Rich, wrote of her, "Everything this actress does is so pure and right that only poets, not theater critics, should be allowed to write about her." When she was 80 years old, she brought that purity and rightness to her portrayal of an aging and fiercely independent Southern lady in "Driving Miss Daisy." It was a performance that won her critical acclaim from Los Angeles to Berlin and, at last, an Academy Award. When she received the Oscar in March 1990 she was the oldest person ever to win one. She vowed to go on working, although she said she hoped she would know when to stop, "before they have to get the hook." The Academy Award came one year after she won an Emmy for her performance in the television adaptation of "Foxfire," of which her husband was was a co-writer. Even after she became seriously ill she continued to work, completing three films and two television dramas. A Phenomenal Record Of Joint Triumphs When Miss Tandy and Mr. Cronyn first appeared together, in "The Fourposter" in 1951, audiences found a husband-and-wife team that would come to succeed Alfred Lunt and Lynn Fontanne as the foremost couple of the American theater. One triumph followed another, culminating in "The Gin Game" in 1977 and "Foxfire" in 1982. By 1986, when they appeared in "The Petition," Mr. Rich was writing of "their legendary theatrical relationship" and of a Cronyn-Tandy moment as "an acting phenomenon now unique in the Broadway theater and possibly never to come its way again." Mel Gussow, another drama critic for The Times, called them "two actors at their summit." He wrote that when the Cronyns acted together, it was "a matter of hearts, minds and bodies in creative harmony." One of their last projects together was "To Dance With the White Dog," a television movie that had its premiere last year. At last night's Emmy Awards in Pasadena, Calif., Mr. Cronyn was named best actor in a mini-series or special for his performance as a recently widowed man mourning his wife. Miss Tandy was nominated for best actress but did not win. A clip from the movie was shown during the awards ceremony in a brief tribute to her. When they took "The Gin Game" to Moscow in 1979, they won the accolade that Mr. Cronyn treasures above all others. Oleg N. Yefremov, the director of the renowned Moscow Art Theater, wrote in his review, "It takes a couple of actors from America to remind us what Stanislavsky was talking about." Miss Tandy was nominated five times for a Tony and won three: in 1948 for her role as Blanche Dubois, for "The Gin Game" in 1978, and for "Foxfire" in 1983. Mr. Cronyn was also nominated for "The Gin Game" but did not win. "I was bitterly disappointed," Miss Tandy said. "His performance is part of mine. I think he's very proud when I win, and vice versa." In July 1994 they were honored with a special Tony for their life's work in the theater. They had already received the Kennedy Center Lifetime Achievement medal, in December 1986, and the National Medal of Art, from President Bush in 1990. Directors Adored Her Good Nature Miss Tandy acted in more than 100 stage productions during her 67-year career, which began in England and encompassed the West End in London as well as the British provinces, Broadway, and the regional theaters that were once so important to the American stage. She appeared in more than 25 movies and played the leading role in a number of television programs, developing from a diffident neophyte into an actress sure of her craft, a star adored by directors for her serenity. There was no temperament; there were no tantrums. Elia Kazan, her director in "Streetcar" said: "She's absolutely sweet-natured. She does her job; she has a sense of humor." With each performance her reviews got better. "I think I've gotten better," she said when she was 77. "I've gotten more confident in myself in the last five to six years. Earlier I think I distrusted myself. I'd be in things I felt weren't being done right and I didn't speak up. Now I do. I think people trust me." Miss Tandy, who became an American citizen in 1954, was born in London on June 7, 1909. Her father died when she was 12 and her mother took clerical and teaching jobs at night to supplement her regular income as headmistress of a school for retarded children. She and her two older brothers were read to a lot, Miss Tandy recalled in 1986: "good stuff, poetry." "I had an appreciation of the words. We were also taken to theater. I sat in a lot of galleries. It was a magical time, but toward the end I would get fidgety and nervous. I never wanted it to end." She also grew to love Shakespeare, one of the few in her class who did. "Almost everyone would say, 'Oh, God, it's Shakespeare this afternoon.' To me it was heaven." Her brothers would stage family theatricals in their five-room flat in northeast London, but she said she did not show any promise. "I was a graceless lump," she recalled. "My brothers would always say, 'Oh, Mummy, do we really have to have her in it?' " Nevertheless, her love of the theater led her to the Ben Greet Academy of Acting where, in 1924, she began three years of dramatic training. She was 18 when she made her professional debut in a small back-room theater in Soho in "The Manderson Girls." The salary was & #163;2 a week, out of which she somehow had to pay for the five elegant costumes her part required. She managed by sewing them herself. Thought Herself An Ugly Duckling She was convinced that she was plain and that there was nothing to be done about it. "I had absolutely no dress sense and no money to indulge it even if I did," she said. Her self-confidence was not enhanced by her many letters of recommendation. She remembered that each one of them said, "Don't be put off by how she looks." But if she ever was an ugly duckling -- and there are many photographs that suggest she was not -- a swan finally emerged, for in her later years she was a handsome woman with gray-white hair and sparkling eyes of cornflower blue. She could look back philosophically, saying: "In a way it was rather good. I didn't get the part of the young ingenue. I got more interesting parts." In 1929 she made her West End debut in "The Rumor," by Charles Kirkpatrick Munro, but it was in 1932, in the role of Manuela in Christa Winsloe's "Children in Uniform," that she became recognized as a gifted actress. It was a role that also afforded her one of her most treasured moments in the theater. "There was one performance when the audience didn't clap at all, they were so moved," she recalled. During the 1930's she appeared in more than two dozen contemporary plays, but in the English tradition honed her skill on the classics, especially Shakespeare. In 1934 she was Ophelia to John Gielgud's legendary Hamlet. She was Viola in Tyrone Guthrie's 1937 production of "Twelfth Night" at the Old Vic in London, where she twice shared the stage with Laurence Olivier. In 1940, she returned to the Old Vic as Cordelia with Gielgud in the role of King Lear. The offer of a role in "The Matriarch" brought her to New York briefly in 1930 for her Broadway debut. Ten years later, when the war in Europe had begun and her eight-year marriage to the actor Jack Hawkins was ending, she settled in the United States. There was the lure of Hollywood, and there was the need to support her 6-year-old daughter, Susan. She was allowed to take only & #163;10 out of the country, and despite her long list of credits, it was such a struggle to make ends meet that she almost abandoned the stage. In 1940, while she was appearing in A. J. Cronin's "Jupiter Laughs," a young actor and wealthy man-about-town by the name of Hume Cronyn called on her backstage. Two years later they moved to Hollywood and were married. A son, Chris, was born in 1943 and a daughter, Tandy, in 1945. They, her daughter Susan, five grandchildren and three great-grandchildren survive her, in addition to her husband. Maids' Roles Ended, Thanks to Cronyn In Hollywood, Mr. Cronyn landed some interesting roles in the movies, but Miss Tandy's career languished. At one point she even told friends she was thinking of giving up acting. She appeared with Mr. Cronyn in "The Seventh Cross" (1944) and played bit parts in several other movies, including the role of a ladies' maid in "Forever Amber" (1947), but having to say lines like "Yes, Mum" and 'No, Mum" in yet another movie became very discouraging, she recalled many years later. "I'd had a good start and I was in the doldrums in Hollywood," she said. "It was not a happy position. I began to feel I had no talent and it was all a pipe dream. It was Hume who got me out of it." He got her out of it in 1946 when he cast her in "Portrait of a Madonna," a play by Tennessee Williams that he was directing in a small theater in Los Angeles. The rave reviews brought Mr. Williams to Los Angeles from New York, where he was casting his new play, "A Streetcar Named Desire." He wrote in his "Memoirs," "It was instantly apparent to me that Jessica was Blanche." The play, co-starring Marlon Brando in the role of Stanley Kowalski and Kim Hunter as Blanche's sister, Stella, won rapturous reviews, a Pulitzer Prize and the Drama Critics Circle Award and ran for more than two years on Broadway before going on a national tour. Years later, Mr. Kazan remembered the joy of directing Miss Tandy. "She's perfect," he said. "She never stops working and she's always full of little surprises. She always does things a little better than you think she will." Mr. Atkinson, writing about Miss Tandy's performance in The New York Times, said, "It does seem almost incredible that she could understand such an elusive part so thoroughly and that she can convey it with so many shades and impulses that are accurate, revealing and true." A contrary view was expressed by her co-star Mr. Brando in his recently published autobiography. In "Brando: Songs My Mother Taught Me," the actor wrote: "I think Jessica and I were both miscast, and between us we threw the play out of balance. Jessica is a very good actress, but I never thought she was believable as Blanche. I didn't think she had the finesse or cultivated femininity that the part required, nor the fragility that Tennessee envisioned." When "Streetcar" was filmed, the part of Blanche went to Vivien Leigh; it was the only replacement among the Broadway leads. Characters Emerged Slowly From Script She said that in creating a character, "You have to get over 'how' you're doing it and know 'why' you're doing it. Once you forget about the 'how' you get the appearance of reality." She believed the secret to a character was in the script and that it was the actor's duty to "dig it out." She said: "I'm slow about it. I keep going back to the script, the script, the script." To Miss Tandy, audience reaction was part of a play. She said, "It's not a matter of whether they're laughing or not but whether they're breathing or not." But audiences, like the theater itself, underwent profound changes during Miss Tandy's years on the stage. "The trouble with the theater," she said in 1986, "is that it's no longer a way of life for an audience. It's just a way to kill an evening." One of the theater's problems, she said, was "we are so inundated with entertainment." "Now you flick a switch," she continued. "It's not the event it used to be." She said theater people had contributed to the problem by removing the curtain. "People come into the theater and they sit there watching the first scene and talking about what they've bought in Bloomingdale's that day. When you had a curtain, when the footlights went up on the curtain, and then the curtain itself went up, you were part of an experience." As for the actors, Miss Tandy said she hated to have to grope her way across a dark stage, stumbling into the furniture, "instead of getting on stage and having a moment to think about what you're going to do." Joe Mankiewicz, the film director who was a longtime friend, said that while Lynn Fontanne always had to make an entrance, "to Jessie the way she was when she got there was what was important." Loved to Play In the Classics Miss Tandy was always eager to perform in regional theaters and, with Mr. Cronyn, was among the first to volunteer when Tyrone Guthrie launched his repertory theater in Minneapolis. The participation of stars of their magnitude helped put the stamp of legitimacy on the fledgling regional theater movement. The attraction for the Cronyns and others who followed was the opportunity to do the classics. During the Guthrie's first season in 1963, for example, Miss Tandy played Gertrude in Hamlet, Olga in "The Three Sisters" and the wife of Willy Loman in "Death of a Salesman." She also acted in the Shakespeare festivals in Stratford, Conn., and Stratford, Ontario. In 1983 she starred in a revival of an American classic, Tennessee Williams's "Glass Menagerie." Frank Rich wrote in The New York Times, "You pass up Miss Tandy's Amanda Wingfield only at your own peril." She hated the experience of seeing herself in the movies. "It's a very humbling experience to watch yourself," she said. But while the satisfaction of film never came close to the joy of a live performance, she said she felt it was important to accept roles that were offered to her; it helped pay expenses when she took parts at minimum pay in Off Broadway houses. She played Mr. Cronyn's wife in four of her most recent films, "Honky Tonk Freeway," (1981) "Cocoon," (1984), "Batteries Not Included" (1987) and "Cocoon: The Return" (1988). In 1991, Miss Tandy, then 82, played an indomitable 82-year-old woman in "Fried Green Tomatoes." Miss Tandy co-starred with her husband in 10 plays on Broadway and dozens of Off Broadway and regional productions during their 52-year marriage. Wherever they went they were asked how they tolerated so much togetherness. "It's hard sometimes," she acknowledged, "but we always manage to give ourselves space. We don't live in each other's pockets. We don't take the play home with us. We do make suggestions to each other, and if we don't agree we respect each other's views." She burst out laughing and recalled Dame Sybil Thorndike's response when asked whether she ever considered divorcing her husband, with whom she had long shared the stage. "Divorce? Never. Murder? Frequently." In her 70's and even into her 80's, Miss Tandy continued to take on strenuous parts, despite increased difficulty with memorization and stage fright that had got worse rather than better. Even a double cataract operation in 1973 and a cardiovascular problem that caused her collapse onstage during a performance of "Foxfire" in Los Angeles in 1985 did not slow her down. Nor did major surgery for cancer in 1991. She appeared in the television movies "The Story Lady" (1991) and "To Dance With the White Dog" (1993) and completed three more feature films: "Used People" (1992) and "Camilla" and "Nobody's Fool," which are to be released this fall. "Jessie adores working," Mr. Cronyn said in 1986. "She's more fully alive when she's working." As she got older she seemed to be in ever greater demand, but over the years she took good parts and she took bad parts. "You are richer for doing things," she said. "If you wait for the perfect part or for what sends you, you will have long waits, and you deteriorate. You can't be an actor without acting." A Dedicated Life in the Public Eye During a 67-year acting career in Britain and the United States, Jessica Tandy appeared in more than 100 plays, more than 25 movies and numerous television shows. Here is a sampling. THEATER	i don't know
What is currently the only sequel to have won a best picture Oscar?	The only sequels to win an Oscar for best picture \| iknow.io iknow.io helps you turn your data into awesome insights like these. Learn More Contact Us The only sequels to win an Oscar for best picture Box Office Total (Dom+Intl) ($): 1,141,408,667 Country: Creative Source: Based on Fiction Book/Short Story Creative Type: Fantasy Domestic Box Office Amnt ($): 377,845,905 Editor is: Jamie Selkirk Film cinematographer is: Andrew Lesnie Film writer is: Inflation Adjusted Dom Box Office ($): 490,835,622 Intl Box Office Amnt ($): 763,562,762 Maximum Number of Theaters: 3,703 Minimum Unaccompanied Age: 13 Opening Weekend Number of Theaters: 3,703 Opening Weekend Revenue Amount ($): 72,629,713 Producer is: Rating System: Motion Picture Association of America film rating system Release Date: Dec. 1, 2003 Runtime (min.): 201 Weeks Running * Number of Theaters: 35,419 #2 The Godfather Part II Box Office Total (Dom+Intl) ($): 57,300,000 Country: United States of America Creative Source: Director is: Francis Ford Coppola Domestic Box Office Amnt ($): 57,300,000 Editor is: Executive producer is: Robert Evans Featured Locations: New York City Film Genres: Film cinematographer is: Gordon Willis Film writer is: Inflation Adjusted Dom Box Office ($): 241,763,100 Intl Box Office Amnt ($): Opening Weekend Number of Theaters: Opening Weekend Revenue Amount ($): Producer is: Francis Ford Coppola Production Method: Rating System: Motion Picture Association of America film rating system Release Date: Dec. 12, 1974 Runtime (min.): 200 Filter Is Sequel Equal to Yes Want to create an insight similar to this one? Use this query as a starting point. Express your opinion about this insight Brilliant Thanks for expressing your opinion! Now leave a comment and explain why you think this is ! 4 Comments That's only because no one produced the sequel for Schindler's List: "Schindler's Fist" http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eExfV_xKaiM by Yoav C. I hope it's already in the making. Also this Puke Bus sounds promising :) Back in the days Nicolas Cage knew how to say no. Not sure what happened to him since: http://iknow.io/insight/nicolas-cages-award-winning-films-37/	The Godfather Part II
What was the name of the 1998 Italian film which was nominated for a best picture Oscar?	Rewind: The Oscar-winning best pictures - CNN.com Rewind: The Oscar-winning best pictures By Todd Leopold and Lee Smith, CNN Updated 3:08 PM ET, Fri February 28, 2014 Chat with us in Facebook Messenger. Find out what's happening in the world as it unfolds. Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Spotlight' (2015) – "Spotlight" -- a film about Boston Globe investigative reporters digging into a sex abuse scandal involving Catholic priests -- won best picture at the 88th annual Academy Awards. Here's a look back at all of the past winners for best picture: Hide Caption 1 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Wings' (1927) – The first Academy Awards were given out at a dinner on May 16, 1929. The best picture winner was 1927's "Wings," a film about World War I pilots starring Clara Bow, right, Charles "Buddy" Rogers, left, Richard Arlen and Gary Cooper. Even today, the silent film's aerial sequences stand out as some of the most exciting ever filmed. Another film, "Sunrise," was given an Oscar as most "unique and artistic production," an honor that was eliminated the next year. The academy didn't begin using a calendar year for awards until movies made in 1934 (with ceremonies held in 1935). Hide Caption 2 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The Broadway Melody' (1929) – The musical "The Broadway Melody" was the first sound film to win best picture. The film stars Charles King, Anita Page and Bessie Love. Hide Caption 3 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'All Quiet on the Western Front' (1930) – "All Quiet on the Western Front," best picture of 1929-30, was the film adaptation of Erich Maria Remarque's classic novel. The film stars Lewis Wolheim and Lew Ayres and was directed by Lewis Milestone. Hide Caption 4 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Cimarron' (1931) – "Cimarron," based on the Edna Ferber novel, is best remembered for its portrayal of the 1889 Oklahoma Land Rush, which literally featured a cast of thousands. Richard Dix and Irene Dunne star in the film. Hide Caption 5 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Grand Hotel' (1932) – The all-star cast of "Grand Hotel," including Greta Garbo and John Barrymore (pictured), portrayed characters in a mix of plot lines at a Berlin hotel. The film won just the one Oscar, but has been immortalized for one of Garbo's lines of dialogue: "I want to be alone." Hide Caption 6 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Cavalcade' (1933) – "Cavalcade," based on a Noel Coward play, won the 1932-33 prize for best picture. The film follows a London family from 1899 to 1933 and stars, left to right, Una O'Connor, Diana Wynyard and Clive Brook. Hide Caption 7 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'It Happened One Night' (1934) – "It Happened One Night" was one of the great underdog winners. Its studio, Columbia, wasn't considered one of the majors at the time, and neither Clark Gable nor Claudette Colbert, its stars, were excited about the project. But it became the first film to sweep the five major categories of picture, actor, actress, director and screenplay. To this day, only two other films -- "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest" (1975) and "The Silence of the Lambs" (1991) -- have pulled off the same trick. Hide Caption 8 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Mutiny on the Bounty' (1935) – Clark Gable was in the best picture winner the next year as well, playing Fletcher Christian in the 1935 version of "Mutiny on the Bounty." Charles Laughton plays Captain Bligh. Hide Caption 9 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The Great Ziegfeld' (1936) – Luise Rainer stars in "The Great Ziegfeld." She picked up an Oscar for best actress, though William Powell, who played the title figure, came up empty (although he was nominated for another movie, "My Man Godfrey"). Hide Caption 10 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The Life of Emile Zola' (1937) – "The Life of Emile Zola" won three Oscars, including best picture. The film is a biography of the famed French author. Star Paul Muni was nominated for best actor but lost to Spencer Tracy ("Captains Courageous"). Hide Caption 11 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'You Can't Take It With You' (1938) – "You Can't Take It With You" is one of the rare comedies to win best picture. The film, based on the George Kaufman and Moss Hart play, stars James Stewart, Jean Arthur and Lionel Barrymore. It also won a best director Oscar for Frank Capra, Capra's third in five years. Hide Caption 12 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Gone With the Wind' (1939) – Still considered one of the great Hollywood epics, 1939's "Gone With the Wind" won 10 Oscars, including best picture and best actress for star Vivien Leigh, right. Though Clark Gable was nominated for best actor, he lost to Robert Donat ("Goodbye, Mr. Chips") in one of the great Oscar upsets. Hide Caption 13 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Rebecca' (1940) – After "Gone With the Wind," producer David O. Selznick scored again with another adaptation of a best-seller, Daphne du Maurier's "Rebecca." He brought Alfred Hitchcock from Britain to direct Laurence Olivier and Joan Fontaine in a tale of a shy young woman living in the shadow of her husband's first wife. "Rebecca" was not only Hitchcock's first American film, but also his only one to win a best picture Oscar. Hide Caption 14 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'How Green Was My Valley' (1941) – The movie many critics regard as the greatest American film didn't win the best picture Oscar for 1941. Orson Welles' "Citizen Kane" lost to a film directed by another classic director, John Ford, who helped re-create a Welsh mining village in California for "How Green Was My Valley." Roddy McDowall, left, and Walter Pidgeon starred. Hide Caption 15 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Mrs. Miniver' (1942) – Hollywood's war effort went full throttle with William Wyler's "Mrs. Miniver" starring Walter Pidgeon and Greer Garson as a heroic couple whose family endures German air raids during the Battle of Britain. Garson also won the best actress award and received much flak for a lengthy acceptance speech that became the stuff of Hollywood legend. Hide Caption 16 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Casablanca' (1943) – We'll always have Bogart and Bergman, aka Rick and Ilsa, in Michael Curtiz's "Casablanca." Nobody at Warner Bros. expected this movie, based on an unproduced play, "Everybody Comes to Rick's," to be a classic when it came out, but the American Film Institute ranked this best picture winner as the third-greatest U.S. film more than 60 years later. Hide Caption 17 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Going My Way' (1944) – Hollywood's favorite crooner became its favorite priest. Bing Crosby, left, won the best actor award as Father Chuck O'Malley in "Going My Way." He encountered resistance from a crusty old priest (Barry Fitzgerald) when he tried to help an impoverished church parish. Hide Caption 18 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The Lost Weekend' (1945) – With World War II coming to an end, Hollywood turned to dark subject matter, such as alcoholism in Billy Wilder's "The Lost Weekend." Star Ray Milland, left, won the best actor award as a writer on a binge. Howard Da Silva was the bartender. Hide Caption 19 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The Best Years of Our Lives' (1946) – Veterans Fredric March, pictured, Dana Andrews and Harold Russell returned home to adjust to life in post-war America in this William Wyler classic. Myrna Loy, Teresa Wright and Cathy O'Donnell were the women in their lives who also found the world much more complicated with the war's end. Russell, a real vet, lost both hands in World War II. Hide Caption 20 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Gentleman's Agreement' (1947) – Elia Kazan's "Gentleman's Agreement" continued Hollywood's exploration of more serious subject matter, this time anti-Semitism. Gregory Peck, right, plays a reporter who goes undercover posing as a Jew, making his girlfriend (Dorothy McGuire) face uncomfortable truths about her upper class WASP life. A young Dean Stockwell played Peck's son. Hide Caption 21 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Hamlet' (1948) – A British film took home the best picture Oscar when Laurence Olivier directed himself in an Oscar-winning role as Shakespeare's famous Danish prince who cannot make up his mind. Olivier trimmed the play's text and chose to do Hamlet's famous soliloquy ("To be, or not to be, that is the question") as a voice-over. Jean Simmons was Ophelia. Hide Caption 22 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'All the King's Men' (1949) – Unlike the 2006 remake with Sean Penn, this adaptation of Robert Penn Warren's Pulitzer Prize-winning novel was a critical and box-office success. Star Broderick Crawford also won the best actor award for his role as Willie Stark, a cynical politician who rises to become governor. Any resemblance to Louisiana's Huey Long was mere coincidence. Hide Caption 23 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'All About Eve' (1950) – Director Joseph L. Mankiewicz's screenplay about an aging actress (Bette Davis, right) battling a scheming newcomer (Anne Baxter) remains one of the most quotable movies ever almost 65 years after its release. "All About Eve" held the record for a movie with the most Oscar nominations (14) until "Titanic" tied it in 1997. A young Marilyn Monroe, center, also attracted attention in an early role. As Margo Channing (Davis' character) would say, "Fasten your seat belts, it's going to be bumpy night!" Hide Caption 24 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'An American in Paris' (1951) – This MGM musical with Gene Kelly as an aspiring artist who falls for Leslie Caron in the City of Light faced stiff competition at the Oscars. But "An American in Paris" scored a major upset when it beat dramatic heavyweights "A Place in the Sun" and "A Streetcar Named Desire" for best picture. Hide Caption 25 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The Greatest Show on Earth' (1952) – Producer-director Cecil B. DeMille had been making epics since the silents, but none had won best picture until "The Greatest Show on Earth," a 1952 circus spectacular with Betty Hutton, pictured, and Charlton Heston. Many critics and fans dismiss the movie as one of the worst best picture Oscar winners. "Singin' in the Rain," considered Hollywood's greatest movie musical , wasn't even nominated that year. Hide Caption 26 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'From Here to Eternity' (1953) – Facing the strict movie censorship of the 1950s, director Fred Zinnemann's version of "From Here to Eternity" considerably toned down James Jones' tough and profane novel about military life in Hawaii on the eve of the Pearl Harbor attack. But Burt Lancaster and Deborah Kerr's sexy tryst on the beach made waves among moviegoers. Hide Caption 27 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'On the Waterfront' (1954) – Marlon Brando, right, went up against corrupt union boss Lee J. Cobb in Elia Kazan's "On the Waterfront." In one of moviedom's most famous scenes that inspired countless future actors, Brando confronts his brother, a union lawyer played by Rod Steiger, in the back seat of a car: "I coulda been a contender. I coulda been somebody, instead of a bum, which is what I am." Hide Caption 28 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Marty' (1955) – Hollywood studios saw television as the enemy in the 1950s as Americans stayed home in droves to watch series such as "I Love Lucy." But live TV plays soon were providing material for movies, including 1955's best picture winner, "Marty." Ernest Borgnine won stardom and the best actor award as a lonely butcher in the Paddy Chayefsky drama. Hide Caption 29 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Around the World in 80 Days' (1956) – Responding to the competition from TV, the movies turned increasingly to epics in the 1950s such as producer Mike Todd's "Around the World in 80 Days." The picture was based on Jules Verne's novel and starred Shirley MacLaine, David Niven and Cantinflas as well as dozens of other celebrities in cameo roles, such as Noel Coward, Marlene Dietrich, Red Skelton and Frank Sinatra. Hide Caption 30 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The Bridge on the River Kwai' (1957) – Director David Lean proved filmmakers could make intelligent epics such as "The Bridge on the River Kwai." Already a star in British films, Alec Guinness won international fame and a best actor Oscar as a British colonel held prisoner with his men in a Japanese camp during World War II. Hide Caption 31 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Gigi' (1958) – For one of its last great musicals, MGM turned to Alan Jay Lerner and Frederick Loewe after their success with "My Fair Lady" to create a musical based on Colette's "Gigi." The Vincente Minnelli film with Louis Jourdan, center, and Leslie Caron, right, won every Oscar it was nominated for (nine), including best picture and director. Legendary French star Maurice Chevalier had a memorable song with "Thank Heaven for Little Girls." Hide Caption 32 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Ben-Hur' (1959) – Biblical epics were all the rage in the 1950s, and none more so than William Wyler's "Ben-Hur." The movie won a then-record 11 Academy Awards, including best picture, director (Wyler) and actor (Charlton Heston, right). The chariot scene undoubtedly helped ensure "Ben-Hur's" No. 2 ranking on the American Film Institute's list of greatest epics. Hide Caption 33 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The Apartment' (1960) – Long before "Mad Men," Billy Wilder's "The Apartment" skewered corporate life of the early 1960s. Up-and-comer Jack Lemmon stays busy loaning his apartment key to company men who need a place to cheat on their wives. He falls for Shirley MacLaine, center, who is having an affair with one of the bosses ("My Three Sons' " Fred MacMurray in an unsympathetic role). Hide Caption 34 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'West Side Story' (1961) – "West Side Story" used the streets of New York as backdrops for this musical version of "Romeo and Juliet." The Jets and Sharks replaced the Montagues and Capulets as rival gangs ready to rumble, leading to tragedy for young lovers Tony (Richard Beymer) and Maria (Natalie Wood). The film took home 10 Oscars, including best supporting actor (George Chakiris), supporting actress (Rita Moreno) and direction (Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins, the first time the award was shared). Hide Caption 35 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Lawrence of Arabia' (1962) – David Lean created the epic of all epics with "Lawrence of Arabia." Peter O'Toole , left, with Omar Sharif, became a superstar with his portrayal of T.E. Lawrence, the legendary British officer who helped lead the Arab revolt against the Ottoman Empire in World War I. The movie won seven Oscars, including for Lean's direction. Hide Caption 36 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Tom Jones' (1963) – Albert Finney tackled the amorous title role in "Tom Jones," a British comedy based on Henry Fielding's novel about a foundling raised by a wealthy landowner. Diane Cilento, right, was one of his conquests. Tony Richardson also won the Oscar for his direction of the film. Hide Caption 37 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'My Fair Lady' (1964) – Julie Andrews' fans were upset when the original Broadway star of "My Fair Lady" wasn't chosen for the film of the Lerner-Loewe musical. Audrey Hepburn may not have been convincing as a guttersnipe in the opening scenes of George Cukor's best picture winner, but no one could deny she was ravishing in Cecil Beaton's costumes once Eliza Doolittle had been transformed into a swan. Hide Caption 38 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The Sound of Music' (1965) – Forget the recent live broadcast of the Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein musical on NBC with Carrie Underwood. For many movie fans, Julie Andrews remains the one and only Maria, governess to the von Trapp children in Austria on the eve of World War II. Marni Nixon, who dubbed the singing voices of Natalie Wood in "West Side Story," Deborah Kerr in "The King and I" and Audrey Hepburn in "My Fair Lady," had her first on-screen role as a nun. Not only did "The Sound of Music" win best picture, it was also for a time the biggest moneymaker ever. Hide Caption 39 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'A Man for All Seasons' (1966) – Paul Scofield re-created his stage role as Sir Thomas More in Fred Zinnemann's film version of the Robert Bolt drama "A Man for All Seasons." The film portrayed More as a man of conscience who refused to recognize King Henry VIII as head of the Church of England because of his denial of the Pope's authority. Scofield and director Zinnemann both won Oscars for their work. Susannah York, right, co-starred. Hide Caption 40 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'In the Heat of the Night' (1967) – Youth-oriented movies began taking over Hollywood by 1967, the year of "Bonnie and Clyde" and "The Graduate." But the best picture winner went to Norman Jewison's "In the Heat of the Night," an old-fashioned crime drama in which an African-American detective (Sidney Poitier, left) goes South to solve a murder, working with a reluctant redneck sheriff (Rod Steiger). Poitier played the role of Virgil Tibbs in two sequels, and the movie later spawned a hit TV series with Carroll O'Connor. Hide Caption 41 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Oliver!' (1968) – This best picture winner was a musical adaptation of Charles Dickens' "Oliver Twist" with Mark Lester as an orphan who teams up with other young pickpockets led by an old criminal. Carol Reed also took home the Oscar for best director. Two of 1968's best-remembered movies, Stanley Kubrick's "2001: A Space Odyssey" and Roman Polanski's "Rosemary's Baby," weren't even nominated for best picture. Hide Caption 42 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Midnight Cowboy' (1969) – John Schlesinger's "Midnight Cowboy" was the first best picture Oscar winner to be rated X, reflecting the easing of censorship in the late '60s. The movie established Jon Voight, right, as a star for his portrayal of a dumb, naive Texan who fancies himself a gigolo to rich women in New York but ends up a hustler. Fresh from "The Graduate," co-star Dustin Hoffman as con man Ratso Rizzo proved he was one of the top actors of his generation. Hide Caption 43 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Patton' (1970) – George C. Scott made Oscar history when he became the first actor to refuse the award. Scott played the title role in this biography of volatile World War II Gen. George S. Patton Jr. The film, directed by Franklin J. Schaffner, reportedly was one of President Richard Nixon's favorite films. Hide Caption 44 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The French Connection' (1971) – Gene Hackman as Detective "Popeye" Doyle goes after hit man Marcel Bozzuffi in William Friedkin's "The French Connection." This best picture winner about New York cops trying to stop a huge heroin shipment from France features one of the movies' most memorable chase scenes. Hide Caption 45 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The Godfather' (1972) – With his career in decline for nearly a decade, Marlon Brando scored a comeback as Don Vito Corleone, the aging patriarch of a crime family, in Francis Ford Coppola's "The Godfather." Brando won his second Oscar for best actor (which he refused), and the movie made a superstar of Al Pacino as the son who takes over the "family business." The movie ranked No. 2 on the American Film Institute's list of the top 100 U.S. films. Hide Caption 46 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The Sting' (1973) – Teaming up again after "Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid" (1969), Paul Newman and Robert Redford in best picture winner "The Sting" helped make the buddy film one of the key movie genres of the '70s. The two played con men in 1930s Chicago in the George Roy Hill movie, which featured the music of ragtime composer Scott Joplin. Hide Caption 47 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The Godfather: Part II' (1974) – Al Pacino returned as Michael Corleone in "The Godfather: Part II," which became the first sequel to win the best picture Oscar. Francis Ford Coppola received the best director award this time, and newcomer Robert De Niro won the best supporting actor Oscar playing Vito Corleone as a young man. Coppola's "The Godfather: Part III," released in 1990, did not repeat the success of the first two films. Hide Caption 48 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest' (1975) – "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest" captured all four top Academy Awards, a feat that had not been accomplished in more than 40 years (not since "It Happened One Night.") Besides best picture, the movie took home Oscars for best director (Milos Forman), actor (Jack Nicholson) and actress (Louise Fletcher). It won a fifth for best adapted screenplay. In this film of Ken Kesey's novel, Nicholson, second from left, struck a chord with audiences as McMurphy, a rebellious inmate in a mental institution who faces off against the ultimate authority figure, Nurse Ratched (Fletcher). Hide Caption 49 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Rocky' (1976) – Sylvester Stallone, left, as struggling boxer Rocky Balboa, gets his shot at the championship against Carl Weathers as Apollo Creed in this best picture winner. Like its hero, "Rocky" was an underdog, a low-budget film written by Stallone, then an unknown actor, that became one of the decade's biggest sleeper hits. Stallone would go on to make five sequels. Hide Caption 50 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Annie Hall' (1977) – Moviegoers fell in love with Diane Keaton in her Oscar-winning role as the ditsy, insecure heroine of Woody Allen's autobiographical "Annie Hall." Her thrift-store fashions and offbeat sayings ("La-di-da, la-di-da") became hallmarks of the late '70s. Allen won Oscars for best director and original screenplay (with Marshall Brickman) for the film. Hide Caption 51 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The Deer Hunter' (1978) – Hollywood began to explore the Vietnam War in the late '70s. Michael Cimino's "The Deer Hunter" examined the effects on steelworkers, from left, John Cazale, Chuck Aspegren, Robert De Niro, John Savage and Christopher Walken. Cimino and Walken also won Oscars for best director and best supporting actor, respectively. Hide Caption 52 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Kramer vs. Kramer' (1979) – Dustin Hoffman played a bewildered dad who had paid little attention to family life until his wife leaves him and he has to raise their son (Justin Henry, right) alone in "Kramer vs. Kramer." A bitter custody battle ensues once the wife (played by Meryl Streep) decides she wants her son back. Both Hoffman (best actor) and Streep (best supporting actress) won Oscars for their roles, and Robert Benton took home direction and writing honors for the film. Hide Caption 53 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Ordinary People' (1980) – Timothy Hutton, right, played a suicidal young man struggling to cope with the death of his brother in "Ordinary People," the first film directed by actor Robert Redford. Donald Sutherland, left, was his helpless father, and Mary Tyler Moore surprised audiences with her portrayal as Hutton's icy, controlling mother. Hide Caption 54 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Chariots of Fire' (1981) – In another Oscar sleeper, "Chariots of Fire," a small British film about two English runners competing in the 1924 Olympics, beat Warren Beatty's epic film "Reds" for best picture. "Chariots" won four Oscars, including one for its stirring score by Vangelis. The theme music also hit No. 1 on the pop charts. Beatty wasn't entirely shut out: He picked up the Oscar for best director. Hide Caption 55 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Gandhi' (1982) – Director Richard Attenborough's epic, three-hour film about the life of Mohandas K. "Mahatma" Gandhi won eight Oscars. Ben Kingsley, here with Candice Bergen, played the inspiring leader who used nonviolent tactics to help establish the modern country of India. Among the films it beat for best picture: "E.T. The Extra-Terrestrial" and "Tootsie." Hide Caption 56 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Terms of Endearment' (1983) – Debra Winger, Shirley MacLaine and Jack Nicholson starred in James L. Brooks' adaptation of Larry McMurtry's novel about an up-and-down mother-daughter relationship. Brooks produced, directed and wrote the film and won Oscars for all three (best picture goes to the producer); to this day, he's the only person to pull off the trick solo. Hide Caption 57 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Amadeus' (1984) – Another epic, "Amadeus" was based on Peter Shaffer's award-winning play about composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (Tom Hulce) and his rival, Antonio Salieri. The film won eight Oscars, including awards for director Milos Forman -- his second, after "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest" -- and star F. Murray Abraham, who played Salieri. Hide Caption 58 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Out of Africa' (1985) – Isak Dinesen's autobiographical book was turned into a movie that won seven Oscars. Meryl Streep stars as the independent-minded Danish author who spent part of her married life in British East Africa, later Kenya. She falls for a big-game hunter, played by Robert Redford, while her fragile marriage falls apart. Hide Caption 59 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Platoon' (1986) – "Platoon" made headlines in 1986 for its blunt and unsparing look at the U.S. experience in Vietnam. It follows a small group of men, including leaders Willem Dafoe, pictured, and Tom Berenger, who play on the loyalties of raw recruit Charlie Sheen. The film made director and writer Oliver Stone, himself a Vietnam veteran, a household name. "Platoon" won four Oscars, including best picture and best director. Hide Caption 60 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The Last Emperor' (1987) – Director Bernardo Bertolucci's film about the life of Chinese emperor Puyi won nine Oscars -- quite an achievement, considering it was nominated for zero awards in the acting categories. Besides best picture, it also won best director, best adapted screenplay and best cinematography, among others. Hide Caption 61 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Rain Man' (1988) – Though "Rain Man" is ostensibly about the relationship between Dustin Hoffman's autistic Raymond Babbitt and his brother, Charlie (Tom Cruise), it's probably best remembered for Hoffman's performance as a savant who can do complicated calculations in his head, count cards in Las Vegas and never miss an episode of Judge Joseph Wapner's "People's Court." The film won four Oscars, including a best actor award for Hoffman and a best director trophy for Barry Levinson. Hide Caption 62 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Driving Miss Daisy' (1989) – Stage actress Jessica Tandy finally became a movie star at age 80 as an Atlanta Jewish matriarch who develops a close relationship with her driver, Hoke, played by Morgan Freeman, in Bruce Beresford's film of Alfred Uhry's Pulitzer Prize-winning play. "Driving Miss Daisy" didn't compete for best picture against some of the year's most acclaimed movies -- "Sex, Lies, and Videotape," "Do the Right Thing" and "Drugstore Cowboy" weren't nominated for the top award. Hide Caption 63 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Dances With Wolves' (1990) – In what was essentially a two-horse race, Kevin Costner's three-hour "Dances With Wolves" faced off against one of Martin Scorsese's best, "Goodfellas." "Dances With Wolves," about a Civil War soldier who falls in with a Lakota tribe in the American West, was the decisive winner, earning best picture, best director for Costner and best adapted screenplay for Michael Blake, three of its seven Oscars. "Goodfellas" won just one: Joe Pesci's best supporting actor trophy. Hide Caption 64 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The Silence of the Lambs' (1991) – It's rare that a film released early in the year manages to even get nominated for best picture, not to mention winning the award, but "Lambs" -- based on the Thomas Harris novel about a serial killer helping an FBI agent to catch another killer -- took home best picture, best actor (Anthony Hopkins, who plays Hannibal Lecter), best actress (Jodie Foster), best director (Jonathan Demme) and best adapted screenplay. Hopkins' performance had relatively little screen time -- less than 20 minutes -- but was so commanding he can be credited for the continuing fascination with Lecter, who now headlines an NBC series. Hide Caption 65 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Unforgiven' (1992) – "It's a hell of a thing, killing a man," says Clint Eastwood's gunfighter, William Munny, in "Unforgiven" -- and, indeed, the Western can be seen as one of Eastwood's many meditations on the impact of violence in society. The actor and director plays Munny, a retired outlaw who is drawn back into his old role to avenge himself on a brutal sheriff (Gene Hackman). "Unforgiven" was just the third Western to win best picture, after "Cimarron" (1931) and "Dances With Wolves" (1990). Hide Caption 66 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Schindler's List' (1993) – By 1993, Steven Spielberg was already known as one of the great directors in Hollywood history, but an Oscar had eluded him. That changed with "Schindler's List," a gripping story about a German industrialist who saved more than 1,000 Jews during the Holocaust. The film earned honors for picture, director, adapted screenplay and cinematography. Hide Caption 67 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Forrest Gump' (1994) – Tom Hanks plays a Southern bumpkin who always seems to be in proximity to great events, whether they be the Vietnam War, U.S.-Chinese ping-pong diplomacy or the writing of "Imagine." Though some critics hooted, the film was a popular success and also won Oscars for Hanks, director Robert Zemeckis and adapted screenplay -- six in all. Hide Caption 68 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Braveheart' (1995) – Mel Gibson directed and starred in the story of Scottish warrior William Wallace, who led the Scottish army against English invaders led by King Edward I. The film won five Oscars, including best picture and best director, and has led to countless sports teams yelling "Freedom!" as they go up against opponents. Hide Caption 69 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The English Patient' (1996) – Some found it lyrical. Others, such as an episode of "Seinfeld," mocked it as boring. Either way, "The English Patient," with Ralph Fiennes and Kristin Scott Thomas, was a huge hit with audiences and critics -- and with the academy, which bestowed nine Oscars on the film about a burned British soldier and a loving nurse. Among the winners: director Anthony Minghella and supporting actress Juliette Binoche. Hide Caption 70 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Titanic' (1997) – In the months leading up to its release, "Titanic" was rumored to be as big a disaster as the ship on which its story was based. But director James Cameron had the last laugh: When the final results were tallied, "Titanic," with Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet, had become the biggest box-office hit of all time (since surpassed by another Cameron film, "Avatar") and winner of 11 Oscars in 1997 -- the most of any film since 1959's "Ben-Hur." Cameron took home a trophy for best director, too. Hide Caption 71 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Shakespeare in Love' (1998) – Was the film really that good or had Harvey Weinstein, its co-producer and head of studio Miramax, done an exceptionally good job at lobbying? Either way, there were gasps when best picture went to "Shakespeare" and not to favorite "Saving Private Ryan." Still, "Shakespeare" had plenty going for it, including an Oscar-winning best actress performance by Gwyneth Paltrow (here with Joseph Fiennes) and a clever script by Marc Norman and Tom Stoppard. It won seven Oscars total. Hide Caption 72 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'American Beauty' (1999) – Kevin Spacey stars as a frustrated middle manager who develops a crush on one of his daughter's friends (Mena Suvari) in "American Beauty." Besides the big prize, the film won best director for Sam Mendes and best actor for Spacey as part of its five Oscars. Also immortalized: a plastic bag blowing in the breeze. Hide Caption 73 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Gladiator' (2000) – Russell Crowe stars as Maximus in "Gladiator," the hugely successful Ridley Scott film about a warrior in ancient Rome. The film took home five Oscars, including best actor for Crowe. Hide Caption 74 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'A Beautiful Mind' (2001) – "A Beautiful Mind," the story of troubled mathematician John Nash (Russell Crowe) and his battle with mental illness, won four Oscars. Hide Caption 75 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Chicago' (2002) – For years, musicals had had a rough time at the Oscars -- indeed, they'd had a rough time in Hollywood, period -- until 2002's "Chicago" won best picture. The movie, which stars Renee Zellweger as a wily murderess in 1920s Chicago, won six Oscars. Hide Caption 76 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King' (2003) – The final film in Peter Jackson's "The Lord of the Rings" trilogy, "The Return of the King," swept all 11 categories in which it was nominated -- including best picture. From left, Elijah Wood, Andy Serkis and Sean Astin play three of J.R.R. Tolkien's characters: Frodo Baggins, Gollum and Samwise Gamgee. Hide Caption 77 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Million Dollar Baby' (2004) – "Million Dollar Baby" is about an old trainer (Clint Eastwood, left, with Morgan Freeman and Hilary Swank) who takes on a female boxer, with unforeseen consequences. The film won four Oscars, including a directing prize for Eastwood, best actress for Swank and best supporting actor for Freeman. Hide Caption 78 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Crash' (2005) – Few best pictures have been as polarizing as "Crash," about the criss-crossing lives of several Los Angeles residents. The film touches on issues of race and justice and stars -- among many others -- Thandie Newton and Matt Dillon. Hide Caption 79 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The Departed' (2006) – Director Martin Scorsese's films were often well-reviewed but couldn't win the big prize, until "The Departed," about a Boston gangster and some corrupt cops. The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio, left, Ray Winstone, and Jack Nicholson, right. Hide Caption 80 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'No Country for Old Men' (2007) – The Coen brothers' grim "No Country for Old Men," about a Texas drug deal gone wrong, won four Oscars. Javier Bardem received a best supporting actor award for his portrayal of the brutal enforcer Anton Chigurh, who carries around a lethal bolt gun and doesn't hesitate to use it. Hide Caption 81 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Slumdog Millionaire' (2008) – Another little movie that paid off big, "Slumdog Millionaire" was slated to go straight to video until its American distributor found a partner. The sleeper film, about a poor Indian man (Dev Patel, left) whose success on "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire" is questioned by a suspicious detective, won eight Oscars. Hide Caption 82 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The Hurt Locker' (2009) – In a David-vs.-Goliath scenario, "Avatar," James Cameron's big-budget box office king, was pitted against "The Hurt Locker," a low-budget film about a bomb disposal unit in the Iraq War. "The Hurt Locker" won six Oscars, including best picture and best director (Kathryn Bigelow, one of Cameron's ex-wives). Hide Caption 83 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The King's Speech' (2010) – "The King's Speech," about England's King George VI and how he overcame his stutter, won four Oscars, including a best actor trophy for star Colin Firth. Hide Caption 84 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'The Artist' (2011) – Jean Dujardin and Bérénice Bejo star in "The Artist," the first (mostly) silent film to win best picture since 1927's "Wings." The film, about the fall and rise of a silent film star, won five Oscars. Hide Caption 85 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Argo' (2012) – "Argo," based on a 1980 operation to free some of the American hostages during the Iran hostage crisis, won three Oscars: best picture, best adapted screenplay and best film editing. Ben Affleck, right, directed and starred. Hide Caption 86 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures '12 Years a Slave' (2013) – Benedict Cumberbatch, left, and Chiwetel Ejiofor appear in "12 Years a Slave," which won the Oscar in 2013. The story of Solomon Northup (Ejiofor), a free African-American man who was kidnapped and sold into slavery, won three awards: best picture, best supporting actress (Lupita Nyong'o) and best adapted screenplay (John Ridley). Hide Caption 87 of 88 Photos: Oscar-winning best pictures 'Birdman' (2014) – "Birdman" won the Academy Award for best picture in 2016. The film also won three other Oscars: best director, best cinematography and best original screenplay. Hide Caption	i don't know
What was the first animated film to be nominated for a best picture Oscar?	Two Animated Films Nominated for Best Picture Oscar Two Animated Films Nominated for Best Picture Oscar 69 News media stories about the Oscars are cropping up all over and all of them are parroting the same factoid: Up is only the second time since the inception of the award that the Academy has nominated an animated film for Best Picture. (The first time was Beauty and the Beast in 1991.) What they should be writing is that today is a milestone day because two animated films were nominated for an Oscar: Up and Avatar. There is little doubt in the minds of both Brewmasters, Jerry Beck and Amid Amidi, that Avatar will eventually be recognized as an animated feature as more and more films are created using the constantly evolving performance capture animation technique. Within the industry, most already recognize the film as heavily animated, from top feature film animators who wonder why Avatar‘s animators are receiving so little credit for their work on the film to animation union rep Steve Hulett who stated that if, “Avatar isn’t halfway to three-quarters animation, I will eat my computer.” Most importantly, had this film been submitted to the Academy for consideration in the animated feature category, it would have qualified under the Academy’s own rules . While James Cameron’s publicity machine may be unwilling to acknowledge the extent of animation used in creating Avatar, let us be the first to congratulate Mr. Cameron on his nomination for his groundbreaking piece of animation. PARTNER MESSAGE More Articles squirrel Wow. Up is only the SECOND animated film to get a Best Picture nomination?!?! :O Way to wake the Academy up! Despite all the hard work animators did on Avatar, I have to side with Cameron on this one: it is not an animated film. Keep in mind that we are talking about the film in the broadest sense- a film can be called ‘live-action’ but have tons and tons of animation effects work. Steve Segal I normally agree with Jerry. But I don’t agree that Avatar is an animated feature. It definitely benefits from animated effects, but the plot is carried by live actors, it’s just that we see a synthetic representation of them. I realize that the performance is heavily manipulated by animators, but the base performance is from an actor, and I consider that different from watching an actor on video and using that as a reference. It may be a subtle difference, but when I watch an animated film like Up or The Princess and the Frog it’s clear to me that I’m watching an animation performance; watching the main characters in Avatar I see human motion. It is true that under the Academy rules it would have qualified for inclusion in the animated feature category. But I believe that to be a technicality. Bitter Animator Isn’t this the place that doesn’t consider Linklater’s movies to be ‘animation’? Truth be told, I don’t know how much actual animation is in Avatar but it’s being sold as motion capture. Is it not motion capture? Spike Why are people so afraid to admit that Avatar is an animated film? Isn’t it just animators being elitist? Randy V Well what’s it to be? I see Zemeckis movies lambasted on this site for not being animated, but the moment a mo-cap film gets nominations suddenly it IS an animated movie? Ward I know, it gets all cornfusing. Remember Happy Feet? Beowulf? From Suite 101 in 2007: “The combination of Happy Feet’s win, and Beowulf’s confirmation in the category, has sealed the notion that motion capture qualifies as animation for the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.” http://animatedfilms.suite101.com/article.cfm/beowulf_an_animated_film Mark Sheldon I realize the Academy has thier definition, but I personally don’t agree with it. The defining characteristic of animation is and always will be the performance by the artist. Avatar is no more animation than the Muppet Movie. It is essentially digital puppetry. I felt the same thing about Happy Feet. Just because it’s not live action doesn’t mean it is animation. That’s not to sat it wasn’t ground breaking but that ground is not shared by Pixar. I’ve never seen anyone at Cartoon Brew say Zemeckis’ stuff was not animation, just that it was lazy, crappy animation. Mac Up has been nominated for best picture?! That’s good to hear â€“ listening to the BBC news at lunch time most of the other films were mentioned apart from Up so I assumed the best reviewed film of the year had been ignored because it’s a cartoon. Glad to see I was wrong. FigmentJedi Avatar’s not an animated film. Cameron says it isn’t animated, which just gives you a sign that he really doesn’t care about the medium and that mo-cap isn’t really true animation. All that movie was is just a CG tech demo with a flimsy Pocahontas plot. Besides, if he wins, it’ll inflate his ego to galaxy size. Jonathan “I got a bad feeling about this” I’m afraid Pete Docter’s gonna get skunked big time. As much as I like UP, I’m cynical about the academy. I can imagine him not getting best picture, and I’m betting “Fantastic Fox” will lure all the live action voters. It would be an absolute shame, since Docter lost to Shrek all those years ago. Bill Turner It is an interesting question. I just read an article that complained that Zoe Saldana was not nominated for Best Actress for her role. I think it would take a comparison of the raw motion capture footage with the final result to see how different they might be. But then, should Marge Champion have been nominated for Snow White? Grim Natwick had said they used maybe rotoscope drawing 1 and 101, but had to make up the rest themselves. Or how about the actor used in Gulliver’s Travels which is more heavily rotoscoped? Or as someone mentioned, the actors in Linklater’s film. Certainly I saw things in Neytiri’s character that couldn’t possibly have been motion captured (ears and stuff). We are not going to answer the questions here, but it does make for good discussion! floyd pendershaft People who disregard Avatar as animation need to review their animation history. You may not like the fact that it is being awarded along side with Up, but Avatar is still animation. John Stuart Blackton is considered the father of American Animation, but many in this posting may not regard him as an animator as well. Cameron may be dissing animation as a marketing ploy. He probably considers animation to be a children’s medium. Many fans of Avatar would probably avoid the film if it was marketed as animation, but it is nevertheless animation. Chelsea Nick Cameron cracks me up. He was all into Ghost in the Shell and Neon Genesis Evangelion all of which being animated films and series. He even had plans on making a live action Evangelion feature. Then he goes and steals from an animated film… cough Ferngully… makes a film in which 90 percent of the film is made in Maya (a CG ANIMATION program) but then refuse to give animation ANY credit. To quote his own character, “They’re just pissing on us without the courtesy of calling it rain.” someguy so by the definition a lot of people are giving as to why Avatar is NOT an animated film, then Bakshi’s version of Lord of the Rings is also, NOT an animated film. The performances were carried by live actors with animators merely “tracing” over them and adding supplemental effects. The same could be said of Snow White… or Cinderella… hell, let’s throw in almost any “classic” Disney movie ever made since, at some point, they used live reference to get a performance. Even Don Bluth movies or early Dreamworks films had some live reference. the simple fact is… there should be no distinction between either. They are MOVIES. the tools used to make them are simply different. but to deny animators were involved at all is simply a slap in the face and really begs the question, “why do we allow this to continue?” If “Alvin & The Chipmunks” is an animated film, then Avatar is. Anne I am indifferent to “Up.” I didn’t feel connected to the characters, and I found the talking dogs really weird. Is anyone else in the world indifferent to Up, or am I the only one? I loved Secret of Kells, Mr. Fox, and Coraline…and I’d love to see the award go to any one of them. stikkbomber “If “Alvin & The Chipmunks” is an animated film, then Avatar is.” I agree, neither of them is. Johnno Avatar isn’t an animated film! Any animation in there is minimal in comparison to the characters who were all using what’s really advanced mo-cap called performance capture! Isn’t this why some were all up in arms over not calling Beowulf an animated film??? That’s because it largely isn’t! Any actual animation is no more than is used in any other live action film for robots or other creatures. The fact is that Avatar’s Na’vi aren’t animated. Frankly The flight paths of the spaceships and banshees were probably mo-capped using hand nodels too and no doubt stuff like the wings. tails etc were animated afterwards overtop the performance capture. No different than any other live action sci-fi movie lik Star Wars or Lord of the Rings for example. Total surprise, but a very, very good one :) Congrats Pete Docter & the crew!! Chris S When there are only two categories, and something doesn’t really fit into either one, MAKE A NEW CATEGORY. Mo-cap is a unique blend of live action and animation, and as such should be recognized in it’s own category with it’s own set of guidelines when used to the extent that Avatar had, especially if the technique becomes more widely used. For Avatar, it will always be controversial since there was an extensive amount of both animation and live-action. It is however, pretty lame of Cameron to deny animation all together…learn to embrace. Sahra Brewmasters, please explain to us in technical detail your opinion why Avatar should be considered animated. Just because it looks animated? Under Academy rule, it does not qualify as being an animated film. Under Academy rule, the definition of animation is any motion picture created through a frame-by-frame process. In other words, by artists manipulating and animating frames, one frame at a time. This is also the classical definition of animation you will find in any Basic Animation course. This definition includes rotoscope all the way through “Waking Life” – even though rotoscope involves filming live action actors, each frame is nevertheless broken down and painted by artists, one frame a time. Avatar is motion capture. Do not ever confuse mo-cap with rotoscope. Motion capture is not a frame-by-frame process. It is a live action process that is digitally manipulated in real time. This is a crucial distinction that strictly defines motion capture as a non-animated process. Mike Lucy Sahra: The inclusion of that line by the academy, “frame-by-frame” shows how outdated their definition of animation is. 3D animation is not created frame by frame, there are keys set and people manipulate graphs and curves. Under a literal interpretation of “frame-by-frame” then only drawn and stop-motion would qualify as “animated films.” I really don’t understand everyone’s problem understanding here… The academy has recognized all other mo-cap films as “animated films” so why is Avatar any different? The main characters were animated. Personally, I think that mo-cap is not animation. I think that if a computer is making a majority of the artistic decisions then that is where the line is between mo-cap and rotoscoping. At least roto involves decisions made by a human and interpreted by their hand. Up is to Avatar as Snow White is to those Charles Schwab commercials Donald C. If people consider Ralph Bakshi’s rotoscoping to be animated, then I see no reason why not to consider Avatar as animated. Sahra Mike Lucy: You are incorrect. 3D animation is indeed considered a frame by frame process, because an animator is still working with and manipulating key frames. It is not a live action process. Wikipedia’s definition of computer animation: “Computer animation is essentially a digital successor to the art of stop motion animation of 3D models and frame-by-frame animation of 2D illustrations.” amid Sahra: I suggest reading about how the film was made before spreading further misinformation on the Brew. To claim that Avatar is “a live action process that is digitally manipulated in real time” is an inaccurate description of the process and diminishes the efforts of all the animators on the film who labored on it frame-by-frame. Sahara: Since when has Wikipedia been a quotable source? Sam Sleiman “Animation is not a category. Otherwise, ‘Pearl Harbor’ would be slugging it out with ‘The Mummy Returns’ and ‘Driven.’ And as a general rule, animation that looks like cartoons is considered separately from animation that looks like special effects.” -Roger Ebert Erin Hee, anyone who thinks Avatar isn’t an animated film has been convinced by Cameron’s PR machine. Anyone familiar with mo-cap, who has worked in mo-cap, or knows people and talks with them who work in mo-cap knows it’s animation alright. Very much animation. The actor’s performances might provide raw material, but animators have to go in and add those human details that distinguish the characters from robots (caused by computer error or artistic license). Where isn’t there frame by frame manipulation? And if this doesn’t qualify as frame by frame manipulation, than what of the myriad of experimental animation that uses less animation by comparison? Lucky Jim The thing about “Avatar” is that Cameron isn’t aiming to create animated performances; he’s aiming to capture live-action performances augmented by digital prosthetics (there’s a reason why Stan Winston’s studio was involved). The motion capture in the film is meant to be an evolution of the traditional make-up and prosthetics used to create creatures in sci-fi or horror movies. Rather than have the actors sit for hours in the make-up chair, Cameron can now create any alien he wants using an actor’s performance and digital make-up. Well, I know who I’m cheering for to win that Oscar. Avatar was amazing to look at, but if it’s awarded “Best Picture” then something isn’t right at the Academy… Mark Sheldon Erin. You may have convinced me to be more open minded on mo-cap. I enjoyed Avatar but never considered that animators are rounding out the performance. I’m not 100% conviced but I will certainly thinker about the artists envolved. I think the reason we as animationfans feel so passionately about mo-cap is the feeling that it takes animators out of the equation. And that there some corner office orgar chomping on a cigar and thinking “Now all I have to pay for is Will Smith and an xbox” Chris S Lucky Jim, I agree. I think that a digital enhancement of a live-action performance is very different than something that is fully animated, and different than something purely live-action. That’s why there needs to be a distinction. It’s unfair to take credit away from the mo-cap actors and call it animation, and it’s unfair to take credit away from the animators and call it live-action. So until there is a category that gives fair recognition to both sides, there will always be conflict. …In someways, however, the mo-cap actor may be seen as an animator. The motion capture suit is an animation tool; it tells the digital rig how to move, in the same way an animator would, but in real time. So if the actor is doing most of the animation by means of recording their movement, they are technically animation artists. No less than the people who adjust the movements using a mouse instead of a body suit. Hal ERIN – I’d agree that films such as HAPPY FEET and A CHRISTMAS CAROL/POLAR EXPRESS are animated films through your definition of the MoCap process, and if AVATAR had no live action elements guiding the film as a whole it would be a different story. However, incredible work of amazing animation team be damned, those blue cat people had to measure up to the humans around them, just like the dinosaurs in JURASSIC PARK, just like the Prawn in DISTRICT 9 and just like the Rancor in RETURN OF THE JEDI. They did not exist in a world defined solely by the rules of the animators – FINAL FANTASY THE SPIRITS WITHIN may have attempted “photo-realistic” digital actors, but the stylization of those characters created a hyper-real animated world that is self contained – just like a Pixar (or any CG) film, just like any 2d animated film, just like any stop motion film. AVATAR is not in the same ballpark. It is somewhere inbetween – it could never allow the same abstraction as something like THE CLONE WARS animated series in its CGI, or even Carl’s blocky look in UP, since the defined world FROM THE VERY FIRST shot when we are introduced to JAKE SULLY as a flesh and blood, real human being. From that moment, Cameron drew a line in the sand and essentially said THIS IS MY CINEMATIC REALITY, and if the CGI does not match this then I have not succeeded in my vision on film. The MEANS TO THAT END does not trump the result – a live action film with a TON OF VISUAL EFFECTS WORK on all fronts. BREWMASTERS – if we give AVATAR the definition of an animated feature, do we not undermine the whole magic of the “animated world” – one in which we are freed, on all fronts, from the restraints of the very cinematic reality which Cameron has spent so much time battling to overcome? Look only to WALL-E’s brilliant “Captain’s Portraits” sequence – it is the moment that film confronted exactly this uncanny valley head on and engaged it, producing a brilliant series of images depicting our metamorphosis from human actor to virtual animated character. WALL-E is an animated film, despite the integration of live action, is it not? I’d say yes, on the grounds that the animated reality established its dominance in that one, brilliant shot. Dock Miles I think a brand-new term for such complete fusions as AVATAR is in order. Live action and animation have been rising toward each other since Disney made Alice in Wonderland shorts. When they meet and blend so you can’t tell where one leaves off and the other begins, a fresh name has to apply. I think in the end, Avatar is going to end up being regarded as a hybrid feature, really. It seems like the proper middle road in such a sharply divided argument. Bugsmer I don’t consider the 1933 classic King Kong to be an animated movie, even though many of the superb special effects were done in stop motion. There were enough actors and sets to differentiate between the two. I don’t consider The Phantom Menace to be an animated movie, though a good portion of it was animated. Mary Poppins is a little different, but despite the animation in that and Song of the South, I consider them live action because both films featured real humans as the main characters and revolved around the characters’ real lives. Similarly, Avatar, which, notwithstanding the mo-cap performances themselves, uses a great deal of animation for the scenery and for some of the animals, and also for the graphic foundations of the characters and animals that become animated through mo-cap; is not a fully-animated movie. It’s in a similar class to The Phantom Menace, only it looks a lot more realistic. James Cameron’s team have done wonders with digital technology, but they haven’t made a completely animated film. Thus, I don’t think that Avatar should be put in the same category as Snow White, but rather in the same category as Mary Poppins, since both are live action films. Trevor It’s even more important to note that Beauty and the Beasts nomination prompted the Best Animated Feature category. Up is the first to be nominated despite the Best Animation category. uggggggh, Avatar. What can I say that hasn’t already been said? Millians Unquestionably the great majority of the visuals in Avatar are the product of animation. The issue really is how much of it there needs to be for a film to be considered an animated feature. I don’t think Avatar reaches that level. The more intriguing debate for me is whether this is animation or visual effects. I can completely understand the consternation of all the animators involved in not having their contributions properly credited as character animation. Nick HAL- If anything Wall-E only proves my point. There’s no way you could convince anyone that humans will evolve into caricatured stylizations, it was one of the reasons many audience members were offended by the film and hurt it. I mean in all honesty didn’t you find that weird when they first showed live action actors in the film, because I know a lot of people who did. Also you can’t say that an animated film isn’t constrained to some form of reality, unless it is a purely abstract film, which you can still do with live action. If in the Princess and the Frog the characters suddenly turn into weird masses of ooze and color people would just be confused and hate it because the way the characters are designed we expect them to be confined to some form of reality. The only time you can accept the character’s design changing is when the character is imagining something which falls into the world of the abstract. As for a “Easy quantifiable way out” how else are other things judged? How else do you judge the election that the awards are based on? With quantifiable numbers. Also the prop argument falls apart. Johnny Depp is not really Capt. Jack Sparrow he’s an actor that was made up to look the part. He is a real tangible thing PRETENDING to be something else. He is NOT a drawing or a digital model being manipulated by an outside force. Just like a foam castle exists in reality but is being used as a PRETEND castle. And yes Hal I know the stone statues don’t really exist in New Zealand talking down to the person you’re arguing against doesn’t help your argument. Finally, not all Cinema is intangible, yes we are seeing projected images on a screen. Projected images that either came from something in the real world or were digitally created. Yes I may not be able to touch what’s on the screen but if the objects in it exist somewhere in the real world then cinema is tangible. And if there are more tangible things in the film it is live action. If there are less to none it is animation. Considering Avatar had more intangible artwork than Who Framed Roger Rabbit I think that makes it an animated film. AE Ok, I get it. The mocap in Avatar was heavily manipulated by animators, but for what I understand to replicate the actors perfomances to the most minute detail. If were to draw a copy of every frame from say, Milt Kahl’s animation of Shere Khan, you could argue that I might be a very good draftsman, but nobody in their right mind would say I animated those scenes. Brian Brantley Something about this post, and all the others about Avatar really disturbs me. Who cares what Avatar is, it’s a hybrid! Why the need to classify it beyond that? Get over it. In the meantime, why don’t you go back and try to claim Jurassic Park, Sky Captain, 300, Sin City, Transformers, King Kong (CG New York/CG planes/CG ape/real woman – similar any to Avatar’s CG environment, CG characters, surrounding a real woman Grace in one scene?), The Matrix trilogy, and the Star Wars prequels? Or would you rather not want to claim the Star Wars prequels? Either way, it’s starting to sound weird. Like a serious overuse of the oppressed, “victim” card. There’s plenty of good business going around, and a lot of growing respect for animation. Being so petty and smug about the credit for Avatar, and where it goes, just makes you guys look bad, and shines poorly on the animation industry in general. It seems like an awfully convenient time as well, to embrace and call one of your own, a film that has quickly taken spot as the highest grossing film of all time. Certainly I didn’t see this kind of enthusiasm for Beowulf when it came out, and that one had more animation in than Avatar! James Cameron rightfully deserves the credit, as he will continue to get at the Oscars. He can distribute that any way he likes. It’s unfortunate a lot of animation talent isn’t being called to the forefront to receive congratulations – but neither has it happened with the team of Gollum, Kong, or Davy Jones. There’s no difference here but the overwhelming success for Avatar, and the race to claim it for a cause. Jim hasn’t done anything wrong, he’s stated an opinion about his own film, and he has as much right to do so as anyone else. It really should change, so as the animation crews get more credit than they do right now, but that should happen naturally, not with one greedy swipe. Whether it’s titled animation or not in an article or at the Oscars is irrelevant, it’s about the men who worked on it. At that point, they can call it whatever the hell they want. I don’t think saying “IT’S ANIMATION!” is helping them any. It’s just staking a claim for a nameless, faceless nerd cause. A self victory. Sorry for what could be considered an attack, but the posts on Brew have been relentless . And this is coming from an animation student. I think Avatar has the same animation/live action/ mocap ratio as the lord of the rings. And nobody thinks of that as an animated movie. Besides the orc audience. :) amid Brian: You asked why you didn’t see this kind of enthusiasm from us about Beowulf. It’s not about enthusiasm. Zemeckis made an animated film and didn’t claim otherwise. Cameron made a film with a ton of animation in it, so much so that it would qualify for an Oscar in the animated feature category, and he’s claiming that there’s no animation in the film. It’s an important issue that the highest-grossing film of all time is primarily animated and the director flatly denies the technique involved. Peter H Personally my feeling is that Avatar is a “Special Effects” film rather than an Animated film, in the sense that the aim of the animators working on it was more the “illusion of reality” than style. In other words “technical animating” rather than “free animating”. This in no way impunes the work done by the animators, just that the goal is FX based rather than having the freedom to exploit the medium. The same could be said of Willis O’Brien and Ray Harryhausen. (Harryhausen’s Fairytale shorts are animated films – they don’t intend to make you believe they are photo-realistic live-action – but his features are FX animation.) Whether this distinction will hold is debatable, but it does seem to me valid at the present time. This morning’s Hollywood Reporter sez: “Oscars Snub ‘Avatar’s’ Motion Capture Actors” Although “Avatar” has blasted through boxoffice records and scored nine Academy Award noms, director James Cameron and producer Jon Landau are frustrated that the movie’s actors were ignored by Oscar voters. “People confuse what we have done with animation,” Cameron told THR at the PGA Awards. “It’s nothing like animation. The creator here is the actor, not the unseen hand of an animator.” The Oscars snub is “a disappointment,” said Landau, “but I blame ourselves for not educating people in the right way.” Landau explained that they needed to make clear that the system they used represents a new way to use “motion capture” photography, or as Landau puts it, “emotion capture.” A key breakthrough in “Avatar” involves photographing facial features of the actors with a tiny camera suspended from a skull cap in front of the performer’s face that caught every twitch and muscle movement, all faithfully reproduced onscreen. “We made a commitment to our actors that what they would see up on the screen were their performances,” Landau said, “not somebody else’s interpretation of what their performance might or might not be.” The issue of what makes an actor an actor first surfaced when Andy Serkis did Gollum in “The Lord of the Rings,” but skepticism remains over whether it is the same as live-action acting. “What an actor is doing when acting is not just looking like something but expressing something going on inside,” says James Lipton, host of Bravo’s “Inside the Actor’s Studio.” “I’m not sure that motion capture, while it captures the flicker of an eyebrow, the twist of a mouth, a gesture of a hand, equally captures emotion.” Critic Peter Rainer of the Christian Science Monitor tended to agree. “On one hand, it is a performance, but on the other, it is so aided by technology,” he said. “If I were ‘King of the World,’ I would create a separate category.” Film professor Richard Brown doesn’t agree. “This is very much the first film of the 21st century,” Brown said. “What we need to do is expand our concept of what the word actor means. It’s unfair to take performances as good as these and not designate them as actors.” Joe Strike My opinion: If the movie’s creators see their work as an animated film, then it’s animated; if they consider the computer-generated characters in their film as a special effect (ie, creating realistic-looking aliens), then it’s not animation; looking at Zemeckis’ creepazoid zombies in Polar Express or Monster House – movies presented as animation is one thing – but looking at Cameron’s aliens and not for one second thinking you’re looking at computer-generated characters is something else entirely. Something that’s bugged me since the Academy disqualified interpolated rotoscoped animation (ie, Waking Life, Scanner Darkly) from Oscar consideration: then they should likewise disqualify motion capture, because both take live action footage and process it into animation. TheVok I would say there’s an awful lot of live action in Avatar. More than any other film I’d consider animated. Steve Segal Amid, I’m loathe to take you on in a war of words, especially when the topic has been covered so exhaustively; but you said “Zemeckis made an animated film and didn’t claim otherwise.” But I found this quote from animatedfilms.suite101: “However, Zemeckis denies that the format even compares to traditional, hand-drawn animation or even CGI. “To call performance capture animation is a disservice to the great animators,” he said at the International Broadcasting Convention last September. However, despite Zemeckis’ statement, Paramount will still submit the film for consideration.”” Ultimately I agree with several of the latest posters that these works are more of a hybrid than anything else. captainmurphy Well there was a lot of live action in Mary Poppins, Song of the South, and Who Killed Roger Rabbit. And Sleeping Beauty relied a lot on actors movements. But people forget that most of the flora and fauna of avatar was moved about by hand rather than algorithms and motion capture. Not necessarily a lot, but more than your typical video game. But if Avatar is animated, so is Star Wars. What you are seeing is an uncanny valley of categorization; the academy not knowing what to do, as long as a film may or might not get a chance at Oscar. Hal TOHOSCOPE – there’s an intersting article in the AVATAR issue of CINEFEX regarding the “key breakthrough in “Avatar” (involving) photographing facial features of the actors with a tiny camera suspended from a skull cap in front of the performer’s face that caught every twitch and muscle movement, all faithfully reproduced onscreen.” The camera created a fish eye effect, rendering roughly 90% of the facial recognition useless (as the face was stretched at the edges) and animators had to use that footage as well as supplementary reference footage from multiple angles to recreate the facial performance in the majority of the shots. I’d imagine the facial animation team high-fived when they realized the job security! Rick It is post like this that make me feel privileged to have the mind that I have. Avatar is NOT animation. Brian Brantley http://www.traileraddict.com/trailer/avatar/cnn-interview-james-cameron 3:50 “The thing people need to understand is that is not – it’s an animation process, but it’s about taking 100% of what the actors did and preserving that into the final performance of the computer generated character. So this an actor driven process.” 4:25 “The animators have to be very good observers of human behavior. I mean, our system is semi- automated. you know, we put this rig on the actor’s face that records what they’re doing, records it very accurately. But still it takes the human in the loop, the animator, to see when somehow the technology is failing us in capturing that.” You guys seem to take offense every time he says “this is not an animated film”. It strikes me as incredibly over sensitive way. You’re also putting words in his mouth, that he never said. He just doesn’t share the opinion that this is an animated film. I don’t see what is wrong with that. TheVok captainmurphy says: ” Well there was a lot of live action in Mary Poppins, Song of the South, and Who Killed Roger Rabbit.” True … and I certainly wouldn’t call Mary Poppins an animated film, would you? … nor Who FRAMED Roger Rabbit. Song of the South, maybe. I haven’t seen it since I was a child, so I don’t remember the live-to-animated ratio.	Beauty and the Beast
How many times has Bob Hope hosted the Oscars ceremony?	Timeline of Animated Film History Timeline of Animated Film History Timeline of Animated Film History The Evolution of Animated Film By David Nusair Updated July 04, 2016. Though one could be forgiven for assuming that the animation revolution began in 1937 with the release of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs , the genre has actually existed almost as long as its live-action counterpart. This timeline charts animation's humble beginnings all the way through to its pervasive use within the realm of special effects: 1906 J. Stuart Blackton's Humorous Phases of Funny Faces is released. It is a three-minute short in which Blackton creates animating drawings of faces and people against a plain blackboard. 1908 The first short comprised solely of animated images, Emile Cohl's Fantasmagorie, receives its premiere in Paris. 1908 Humpty Dumpty Circus marks the first use of stop-motion animation on film. 1914 Earl Hurd invents the process of cel animation, which would revolutionize and dominate the industry for much of the 20th century. 1914 Gertie the Dinosaur is widely considered the first animated short to feature a distinguishable character, as cartoonist and animator Winsor McCay brings a walking, dancing dinosaur to life. continue reading below our video Great Singers Gone too Soon 1917 The first feature-length animated film, Quirino Cristiani's El apostol, is released. Unfortunately, he only known copy was destroyed in a fire. 1919 Felix the Cat makes his debut and becomes the first famous animated cartoon character. 1920 The first color cartoon, John Randolph Bray's The Debut of Thomas Cat, is released. 1922 Walt Disney animates his first animated short, Little Red Riding Hood. Though initially thought lost, a copy was found and restored in 1998. 1928 Mickey Mouse makes his debut. Though the first Mickey Mouse cartoon is technically the six-minute short Plane Crazy, the first Mickey Mouse short to be distributed is Steamboat Willie, which is also the first Disney cartoon with synchronized sound. 1929 Disney's iconic line of animated shorts, Silly Symphonies, kicks off its prolific run with The Skeleton Dance. 1930 Betty Boop debuts as a woman/dog hybrid in the short Dizzy Dishes. 1930 Warner Bros. Looney Tunes makes its debut with Sinkin' in the Bathtub. 1931 Quirino Cristiani's Peludopolis, which tells the story of a military coup against a corrupt president, boasts the first instance of sound within a feature-length animated film. There are no surviving copies of the movie in existence. 1932 The first full-color, three-strip Technicolor animated short, Flowers and Trees, is released. The film wins Disney the first-everAcademy Award for Animated Short Film 1933 King Kong, which features several stop-motion animated characters, is released. 1933 After starring in an extremely successful comic strip, Popeye makes his cartoon debut alongside Betty Boop in the seven-minute short Popeye the Sailor. 1933 Ub Iwerks invents the multiplane camera, which allows animators to create a three-dimensional effect within two-dimensional cartoons. 1935 The Russian film The New Gulliver becomes the first full-length feature to employ stop-motion animation for the bulk of its running time. 1937 Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Walt Disney's first full-length animated feature and the first such production to emerge out of the United States, is released. It becomes a huge box office success and Disney was awarded an Honorary Academy Award for the achievement. 1938 Bugs Bunny makes his debut in Porky's Hare Hunt, though the character wasn't named until 1941. 1940 Tom the cat launches his unending pursuit of Jerry the mouse in the Oscar-nominated short Puss Gets the Boot. 1940 Woody Woodpecker arrives on the scene with a small role in the Andy Panda cartoon Knock, Knock. 1941 The first full-length animated musical, Mr. Bug Goes to Town, is released. 1946 Disney's first live-action film, Song of the South, is released and boasts several animated interludes. Because of its depiction of the African-American character Uncle Remus, the film has never been released on home media in the United States. 1949 Prolific stop-motion animator Ray Harryhausen makes his debut with the creation of the title character in Mighty Joe Young. 1972 Ralph Bakshi's Fritz the Cat is released as the first X-rated animated feature in cinematic history. 1973 Computer-generated images are used for the very first time in a brief shot within Westworld. 1975 Revolutionary special-effects company Industrial Light & Magic is founded by George Lucas. 1982 Tron marks the first time that computer-generated images are used extensively in a film. 1986 Pixar's first short, Luxo Jr., is released. It is the first computer-animated short to receive an Academy Award nomination. 1991 Beauty and the Beast becomes the first fully animated film to receive an Oscar nomination for Best Picture. 1993 Jurassic Park becomes the first live-action film to feature photorealistic computer-animated creatures. 1995 The first computer-animated film, Toy Story , is released to theaters. The achievement is honored with a Special Achievement Academy Award . 1999 Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace marks the first film to use computer-generated imagery extensively and pervasively, in terms of its sets, special effects, and supporting characters. 2002 The Academy creates a Best Animated Feature category, with Shrek the first movie to win the Oscar. 2002 The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers features the first photorealistic motion captured character for a film, with Andy Serkis portraying Gollum. 2004 The Polar Express becomes the first fully-animated film to use motion capture technology to render all of its characters. 2005 Chicken Little becomes the first computer animated film to be released in 3D. 2009 James Cameron's groundbreaking Avatar is the first film to feature a fully CG 3D photorealistic world,	i don't know

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