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The disused Vajont (or Vaiont) Dam is in which European country? | Italy Vajont anniversary: Night of the 'tsunami' - BBC News
BBC News
Italy Vajont anniversary: Night of the 'tsunami'
By Mark Duff BBC News, Longarone
10 October 2013
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Image caption The Vajont dam is seen here behind an old photo of Longarone
Fifty years ago Italians woke to news of a disaster of Biblical proportions. At a stroke - in an Alpine valley north of Venice - some 2,000 people had been killed, entire communities wiped off the face of the Earth. It was, according to the UN Scientific and Cultural agency Unesco, one of the worst man-made environmental disasters of all time.
I felt my bed collapsing, as if there was a hole opening up beneath me and an irresistible force dragging me out. I couldn't do anything. I had no idea what was happening
Micaela Colletti, Survivor
The inscription on the little town's war memorial promises that the sacrifice of those who died fighting for their country will never be forgotten.
Look beyond it, east across the valley of the Piave, and you see a vast white dam, high up in the cleft of a narrow gorge, its concrete wall reflecting the rays of the setting sun. The dam is called Vajont. And it, too, is a memorial of sorts.
When built, it was the tallest dam of its kind in the world, harnessing the waters of a small mountain torrent to create a lake meant to generate hydroelectric power for northern Italy's postwar economic miracle. But the engineers and geologists had ignored the warnings of locals that the land was unstable and that their work had triggered worrying seismic movements.
Late on the evening of 9 October 1963, a vast chunk of the mountainside, the size of a small town and 400m (1,312ft) deep, sheared off.
Image caption The disused dam still stands above Longarone
Forty-five seconds later, travelling at 100km/h (62mph), it plunged into the new artificial lake, creating an inland tsunami that rose more than 200m above the dam before plunging headlong towards Longarone, directly in its path.
The wall of water pushed an air pocket before it. It was more powerful than the Hiroshima bomb. So strong, in fact, that almost all the victims were found naked, their clothes blown off by the blast.
Grainy black and white footage from the next day shows a moonscape, a valley scoured clean of life. The survivors - the rescuers too - look tiny, dazed, insignificant.
The dam survived but 80% of the inhabitants of Longarone and its satellite villages did not. In all, almost 2,000 people are known to have died - but the final death toll will never be known.
Just 30 of Longarone's children lived. One of them was Micaela Colletti, 12 at the time. She lost her parents, a sister and her grandmother. They only ever identified her father. Today, she campaigns to preserve the memory of the victims and the lessons to be learnt.
The swallows swooped and screeched as Ms Colletti recalled the evening of 9 October: "My father returned home from work as normal but almost straightaway he left again in the car, which had never happened before.
Image caption Ms Colletti lost lost her parents, a sister and her grandmother
"Five minutes later I heard what I thought was a thunderclap. It was incredibly loud. My granny came into my room and said she was going to close all the shutters because a storm was coming.
"At exactly the same moment all the lights went out and I heard a sound, impossible to describe properly. The closest thing I've ever heard to it is the sound of metal shop shutters rolling down, crashing shut, but this was a million, a billion times worse.
"I felt my bed collapsing, as if there was a hole opening up beneath me and an irresistible force dragging me out. I couldn't do anything. I had no idea what was happening."
She was hurled more than 350m through the air and buried.
"When they pulled me out there was a popping sound, like when you open a bottle, and someone said 'We've found another old one'. I was just 12 but I was covered in mud and completely black and must have looked like an old woman.
"I remember I was on the shoulders of the only fireman from the town to survive and he kept stumbling over these bright, incredibly white, translucent rocks and I kept asking him to put me down, but he wouldn't.
"And there was this huge moon so close and so bright it scared me. I felt if I stretched out my hand I could touch it. I've never seen a moon like it, so close and so huge.
"Then they put me in a car and I heard someone crying and I suddenly realised it was me."
Image caption This composite photo taken in the hours after the disaster shows the flooded valley of the River Piave. The village of Longarone used to exist near the right of the picture. It was taken by the geologist Edoardo Semenza
Image caption Another composite photo taken by Semenza, and published in the book Le photo della frana del Vajont (K-flash), shows how the land slipped from the mountainside on the right into the lake behind the dam
We were walking down a rough track across the chunk of mountainside that had sheared off, down and into the lake. From afar - from the village of Casso hanging high above the dam on the other side of the valley - the scale of the landslide is mind-boggling.
The track led down, through rock and scrub, to the side of the dam, the sound of the torrent barely audible more than 200m below. Ms Colletti was talking about the daily struggle to make sense of her disaster.
Image caption Micaela Colletti was one of only 30 children to have survived the disaster
"Even if you leave, you take it with you," she said. "It's better to confront reality every day, because you need to make sense of it."
For six years after the disaster, she lived her own dream. She fell in love. Before she knew it she was married, became pregnant, and then, on 9 October 1969, six years to the day after the disaster, she lost the baby girl she had been expecting.
And at that moment, she said, she understood that she had to wake up: "I had a choice: either I killed myself because it was all too much or I lived day by day, one day at a time."
The simplest things still catch her out: the sight of a mother and daughter out shopping for clothes together, a mother with her daughter, dressed for her wedding.
"It's better to confront these little sadnesses," she said.
"Because sooner or later these things will arrive and if you've tried to hide from them the blow is even harder. If you don't have the moral courage to look fino in fondo -- into the depths - you learn nothing.
"How can you teach anyone else anything if you don't know yourself?"
Fifty years on, another reality is encroaching. Renato Migotti is an architect. He, too, survived the disaster while most of his schoolmates did not.
He said it was time to pass the responsibility for maintaining the memory of Vajont to the next generation.
Image caption The village of Longarone, as seen here from the dam, has been rebuilt
"Our testimony has to pass to our children and grandchildren, so that they can carry on the memory of Vajont even when we are no longer here," he said.
"Together we have to begin the process of transforming our personal testimony into lasting history."
Alessio Riccardo is 25, a member of that next generation.
"Physically, Longarone has been rebuilt," he said.
"But the society, the community has not been completely built. People who were here before 1963 think that anyone who arrived here after the tragedy is a stranger, a foreigner. This is a type of thinking that we must change."
It was not hard to spot the headstone of Ms Colletti's father in the cemetery at Fortogna where the victims of the disaster are buried.
Flowers are banned here, photographs too, but the headstone bearing the name of her father defiantly bears a battered picture of him as she likes to remember him: dashing, debonair, a cigarette in one hand.
The cemetery is a neat but cold and impersonal place. It was not always so. A few years ago, the local authorities were given money to renovate it. Where once there was a very human - and very Italian - clutter of personal memorials and memories, they imposed order.
Image caption Not everyone likes the new gravestones
Even worse, says Ms Colletti, it is a lie. In place of the jumble of memorials to the 700 or so victims whose bodies were identified and laid to rest by their families - and the far greater number of unmarked graves of the unknown - they imposed uniformity and order.
Today every victim has his or her own headstone but they bear no relation to the remains that lie beneath.
Ms Colletti used to know where her father lay. Now she does not. His headstone lies next to that of her mother, sister and grandmother, none of whose bodies were ever found.
"It is," she said, "like losing your father all over again. This is a false history. It doesn't tell the true story because it doesn't show how few of the dead were ever identified. Before, it did. Now - no."
| Italy |
What is the first name of fictional character Sherlock Holmes friend and assistant Dr Watson? | VAJONT's dam disaster | Documents: Bepi Zanfron, THE photojournalist-caregiver of 'THAT night'...
(A wise man, a reporter, and his PHOTOBOOK/legacy, by Tiziano Dal Farra. Here the text-only content of)
VAJONT, 9 October 1963
Chronichle of a catastrophe
At 22.39 on 9 October 1963, after several warning signs, a mass of rock almost two kilometres and five hundred metres wide sheered away from the slopes of Mount Toc; an estimated two hundred and sixty million cubic metres of rock travelling at a speed of 80/90 kilometers per hour fell into the Vajont reservoir, which at that moment was at a level of 700.42, or twenty five metres below the maximum level of the highest double arch dam at it's time in the world.
It was a landslide the like of which has never been seen before in Europe: the rock mass reached a height of four hundred metres from the bottom of the reservoir, towering one hundred and forty metres over the dam wall at its highest point. It threw fifty million cubic metres of water two hundred and thirty metres up into the air.
The wave that was created devastated the inhabited areas of Erto and Casso; having vaulted over the reinforced concrete barrier, the wave smashed down on the Piave Valley, wrecking Castellavazzo and obliterating Longarone. It left almost 2,000 dead in its wake.
Photojournalist Giuseppe Zanfron was on the scene of the catastrophe with the first rescue workers.
The memory will never fade...
I spent several days up there, moving from one tragedy to another, from one moment of grief to the next, hearing only silence. Certainly I was unable to do very much: what I did mostly was to replicate the actions of the priest on that prayer card, where he prays and gives a blessing, saying 'rest in peace'... and, 'Holy Mary pray for us'...
We bless You God and acknowledge Your great work, which transcends that devastating flood which mercilessly destroyed so much and which has now disappeared, sated: but the memory remains as a sober reminder which will never leave us, enabling us to take charge of our lives once more."
He is a witness, representing us all: Father Felice Tomaselli in his mournful black cassock, in conversation with God and with the souls lost in the devastation (Photo 206). Survivors and rescue workers, changed forever by the catastrophe, have warmly welcomed this book as several decades after the event of 9 October 1963 that brings together the terrible emotions and anguish of that dreadful night of death and wrathful destruction: a permanent memorial for those who were here and for those yet to come.
The memory will never fade.
Vajont, 9 October 1963
By Sergio Sommacal
Landslide of Longarone from the direction of the Vajont, perhaps because of a burst pipe. "Three or four dead. No more known at this stage."
On your way, Bepi. You will need to move more quickly if you are to keep up with the sirens of the fire engines that shatter the silence of a tranquil autumn evening dedicated to watching football on tv. Three or four dead, they say. Who knows what has happened. Hurry up, get a move on. Haven't you always wanted to be a photojournalist? Then put your foot down. News stories we well know require a dedication that means foregoing the comfort of social relationships and ordinary routines of life.
183 This evening is no exception. "I was in the Piazza del Martiri, going home after my German lesson. Suddenly all the lights went out and Belluno was plunged into darkness. A quick dash into a shop, a phone call to the fire brigade, the first fragments of information: I was off in a flash."
News photographer by profession: impossible to move one step without a camera in one's hand and rolls of film in one's bag. One bag full of equipment is always left ready in the studio, another in the car which is always full of petrol: one can never even count on being able to finish a quiet dinner at home with the family. One has to be contactable every day at every hour, whatever the weather. Unquestioningly available, always. It's a dog life, but it was the one he chose.
A country boy through and through from Villa di Villa (Mel, BL) Bepi Zanfron was born the second youngest of six brothers in 1932. His first infant memories are of Val d'Arch, in the comfortable world of the left bank of the Piave river, which flows between the Bellunese area and the Venetian plain. Then there were the last dreadful war years at Paludi d'Alpago, after his family had dispersed: the black bread, the nightmare of the bombings. And finally there was the move to the haven of Visome, just outside Belluno.
Life was about home and countryside; there were few schools, and few opportunites, but he was brimming over with energy, interests, curiosity and initiative. There he spent the days of his adolescence, involved in acting and in competitive sports.
There was skiing, gymnastics, track events, cycling; there were the confrontations with one's rivals and the recognition of one's own limitations. Above all he excelled when he had to depend on his own efforts: it means something to have won the 'Gran Premio della Montagnà in one of the Piave cycle races, competing in the colours of the Belluno Veloce Club team.
Then came military service: the Italian alpine troops at Bassano, in the Tolmezzo battalion where new recruits went to be broken in. The first camera was bought with money sent from home to boost one's morale during the months in uniform.
The effect was as instant and as galvanising as a stroke of lightening. He contemplated no other option after demobilisation: on his return to Belluno contact was made with a modest studio in the Viale Fantuzzi where an elderly man worked as a particularly talented portrait photographer. Bepi was soon out on his bike collecting faded passport photographs from the houses in Valbelluna for Mr. Furlan, his employer, to enlarge and retouch.
Colour photography was still a long way off; faces and backgrounds came to life under his deft touch with excellent results and one could say that they were unique works of art.
The work was good and Bepi became more and more passionate about it, throwing himself into it and learning constantly, so much so that when a year later his teacher decided to go back to his own part of the country at Oderzo, he proposed that his young assistant take over the studio. This was in 1954 when Zanfron was twenty two years old and it was not at all easy to find money and people to act as guarantors. He succeeded in doing this, and so began his adventure.
From this point on the help of his younger sister, Silvia, became indispensable: she was responsible for the shop while he concentrated on taking photographs and perfecting his camerawork and knowledge of materials. This quickly led to his diploma in photography at the Galileo Institute in Milan, and the first commissions that really counted. In 1961 began a regular working relationship with Il Gazzettino, and in the same year came his debut with the Corriere della Sera; in 1962 came the post of correspondent with the Associated Press of Northern Italy.
"Non esiste, una canzone per il Vajont. Il vostro silenzio, ... è quella canzone.".
Marco Paolini, 9 ottobre 1997.
See & listen this on Youtube clicking here
Two reference as YT channels:
and
B) vajont1963 (today unfortunately banned by YT policies, 2011)
And now here he is, photojurnalist Zanfron, having thrown into the car the torch and his tripod, and having said to Silvia (who is still working in the shop even at this hour) that he doesn't know when he will be back, listening out for the sirens: it is clear that something very serious has happened at Longarone. "I came to the crossroads at the Ponte nelle Alpi and I was stopped by a patrol of traffic police: I was forbidden to cross. How could I not cross? I had to go and see what was happening!" And so they let him go through, police in front, Zanfron following behind. "It was really odd: the sky was clear and yet the car windows were wet as though it was raining, I turned on the windscreen wipers but without paying much attention."
Just before reaching Fortogna it is possible to catch a glimpse of the Piave river: it seems unnaturally white; there are uprooted trees and even girders. Shortly after this the road disappears. The journey has to continue on feet: a moonless night, bag slung across the shoulders, torch in hand as he moves towards a world that is no longer there.
At the bend of the Faè there is the first indication of the enormity of the catastrophe: firemen and traffic police are pulling the injured from the wreckage. There is one dead woman, and then they find another. "I immediately moved to help them, but we had no equipment; no one had expected to find the apocalypse! We were digging with our bare hands." The Protti chapel has disappeared, the houses have been demolished. "I automatically shot some photographs." There was no time to plan or set them up properly.
More rescue workers arrive, and Zanfron begins to walk on.
After Villanova there is a sign of life: a cry for help from a house above the rocks, it is impossible for him to lend a hand. "Hang on, don't move! The rescue workers are just coming."
The highway bridge over the Maè has become a solid impassable wall of wood and rubble. Everywhere you flash the small rounded beam of the torch there are dead and more dead, lifeless and naked corpses.
Then he moves on upwards, along the steep embankment towards the railway bridge. Railway sleepers which have been snapped off, and uprooted tracks pointing towards the sky lie scattered like a pile of toys knocked down and discarded by a giant. One keeps going: it is risky and not very easy, but it is manageable.
At Pirago only a steeple and a house are visible: nothing else remains. "Here, only at this point, did I really begin to realise what had happened."
The light of a lamp cuts through the darkness: it is a friend, Ado De Col, a voluntary fireman who is looking for members of his family. Who knows where they will have ended up. "We wandered around together amongst the rubble, hoping we would find someone still alive; then we tried to think things through logically." These are the words that Zanfron uses: 'we tried to think things through logically'. What he in fact means is that they fell to sharing their anxiety and bewilderment on the night when death came to the mountains above the desert.
The moon comes out over the Vajont ravine, but it is only likely to be there for half an hour. "Let's go upwards from Pirago towards the dam. We need to understand whether it has burst; all we can see is a great black mound, a mountain, where we should see the lake." Everywhere there is confusion and tension as well as fear; there are distant sounds, suffocated cries.
The attention moves down to Longarone while the darkness begins to come to life with voices and lights. But where is Longarone? It is midnight: only a little while ago it was still there. Now there are groans, while groups of desperate people wander into the void and scratch at the earth with their bloodied hands, on and on without pausing. There must be people under the girders and the rubble who are still breathing, who are still holding on desperately at the margins of the terrible no man's land into which they have been hurled.
Bepi keeps shooting pictures, doing his job: but where is the torch? He gave it to someone to hold to provide some light while he was trying to release a child buried under the rubble. That person then went away and left him in the darkness. A news photographer does not allow himself to be overcome by emotion, this is not the moment for tears. The hours keep on passing: civil and military rescue workers arrive in force, along with ambulances and searchlights.
With the first light of dawn comes the full realization of what has happened. "Whoever was there absorbed its full horror, those who were not there could not even begin to imagine it. That terrifying sensation of walking on corpses...
A crater has appeared on the banks of the Piave, a whole community has been annihilated. In its place are lines as though of ants, digging, pulling things out of the rubble, transporting what had been found, as far as the eye can see across the scree.
The power of the memory was no help at all to the emigrants who later returned from Europe, alerted by the news on the radio, as they looked out across the barren land of the roads from Zoldo and from Cadore. Where was the piazza - here or there? And the post office? And the bank? And the house in which they used to live? "At 6.30 I returned to Fortogna, found my car and set off for Belluno airport. I had to find a helicopter at all costs." The driving need now is to see from the sky the dead crag of the Toc, the dam, and what remains of the villages, so as to understand what had happened and to help others to understand.
Some helicopters have already arrived. "There was a little one, with three people standing beside it. I asked if they could take me to see the landslide; they wanted to know who I was. I explained that I was a photographer who had spent the whole night at Longarone, and that I needed to take some aerial pictures. They discussed this amongst themselves then agreed to make the helicopter available, provided that I took some photographs for them too. I agreed."
They are civil servants who are more interested in the fact that the dam has held than in anything else. But Bepi is much more interested in photographing the landslide, which is still settling into place, displacing water and sending out vapours, as well as in what remains of the villages. Once we are up in the air there is a risk of disagreement until I take the initiative: "It will be up to me to tell the pilot where to go, otherwise we will go back down again." The civil servant acquiesces. Three times they go down with their hearts in their mouths to the great black mound, landing on the slopes of the Toc just upstream of the dam. Then Bepi goes immediately to his darkroom to prepare for the newsroom (or perhaps for history?) the films he has taken of the night and the morning after.
The afternoon is taken up with more flying, to see Longarone, Castellavazzo, Erto and Casso. The flank of the mountain is scarred as if by monstrous nailmarks; the valley is blocked by the suffocating mass thrown across it; there is an eerie lack of life where before there were families and industrious activity. In its place are the desperate embraces of the survivors as they stand amongst the devastation. "So many memories in those moments: the friends I would never see again, the events both sad and happy of so many years, the small villages which had disappeared forever."
Right from the beginning there had been a particular rapport between the young Bepi in his studio and the place up here in the mountains, while the huge dam was being constructed with its three hundred and sixty thousand cubic metres of concrete, promising a huge lake of almost one hundred and seventy cubic metres, which would provide a tourist attraction. From the religious fest to the ice cream show, from sporting events to high points in the world of art, from the minutiae of everyday news to painstaking representations of the environment, Bepi recorded everything with eager curiosity and involvement.
Bepi moves eagerly on to take his photographs, once again of the dam, great symbol of man's sinful pride disguised in cement, slightly damaged by the great wave; also more photos of the alpine troops at work. The long night of hell has passed and the moment has possibly come to move on a little.
This turns out to be extremely difficult as one begins to think of Tina Merlin, Armando Gervasoni, Giancarlo Graziosi and of the journalistic pursuit after the truth that would not allow things to rest; one thinks also of the cracks in the streets and of the trees bent in two, and one realizes that nothing counts any more now that it has happened.
The lorries have begun to unload the first coffins: who knows how many journeys they will need to make. Worst of all is fulfilling the request of the police to photograph all the dead who have been laid out together along the Piave between the bridges, the Ponte nelle Alpi and the Ponte di San Felice. It has to be done, otherwise once they have been buried there is no way of identifying the corpses. This task will take weeks, even months. There are almost four hundred ghastly portraits to be taken.
The years following the disaster might provide many opportunities to document floods, attacks, and earthquakes, but nothing will approach the horror of Vajont. For this reason several decades after the event this photographic record is offered to the public: it documents the immediacy of the experiences and provides a mosaic of the situations before, during and after the event. The photographs are the working documents of a photojournalist who from the fifties had borne witness to the many happenings in the province.
The book presents images of life and of death, some of which are already familiar, while others are being shown for the first time. They are all aspects of a lost world, of a tragedy which had been predicted, but also of life begun again.
As Dino Buzzati would say "at exactly the appropriate moment" Bepi Zanfron was there, in order to preserve everything that had happened in the collective memory.
Encouraged by a group of friends, I have decided to bring together some photographic memories of the areas affected by the Vajont catastrophe. The selection of material was not at all easy; I have chosen to focus on human and environmental aspects of the disaster in order to remember people and places before, during and after the event. I have not attached captions or comments to all of the pictures; for some of them any kind of explanation would be superfluous.
Bepi Zanfron
Bepi Zanfron: the Vajont and his work
By Agostino Perale
While the photography of Bepi Zanfron presents the images of death and disaster, his intention goes beyond the simple representation of reality. As he well knew, images themselves are meaningful and open up the way to hope and to new life. He knew the importance of the past in creating meaning in the present, to enable us to learn from past mistakes; and to ensure that such disasters will not happen again.
The talent of Bepi Zanfron is not in the way he captures the detail but in the way he creates an image which has a resonance beyond its immediate substance. His priority is truth, not beauty: the interpretation is left to the beholder.
He begins his record by presenting panoramic views of the valleys before 1963: these photographs were used at the trial in L'Aquila to demonstrate the plans for the dam, and its possible dangers.
A second group of photos concentrates on the people of Longarone, Erto and Casso, tenacious people who were inextricably part of the land, showing them at their daily work. The photos show also the houses that were to be destroyed, and the square of Longarone with its shops and bars.
The record of the catastrophe is direct, truthful, without indulgence, requiring no words of explanation. One of the most telling scenes is that of the desolate and barren plain, stripped of houses and trees by the vast wave, where tiny human figures wander, helplessly reduced by the wrath of nature.
The photographs go on to document the cruel truth of the rescue operation, the injured, the dead, the survivors who have lost everything, whose grief and shock are too deep for tears: the woman leaning on her arm, the parish priest looking through his mud-covered registers.
The quiet beginnings of new life are captured in simple images of the distribution of soup and the recommencement of school for the children. The photograph of the child looking through the window at the devastation outside is eloquent: the image will remain with that child for life, as part of himself.
Then there is the record of the reconstruction: streets, railways, factories, apartment blocks, and a new church with a simple wooden cross standing guard over the many little white crosses which mark the graves of those who died. The Pope, dressed in white, dispenses comfort; a couple place flowers on a small grave. In the end there is hope for the future, and that new life will fill the void left by the disaster created by man's own lack of heed for his environment - and a belief that this page of history will not have been written in vain.
The Past
1- Longarone: an old postcard picture
2- Longarone: aerial view
3- View of Longarone looking towards the Vajont, before the construction of the dam. In the background one can see the hamlet of Vajont and the paper mill on the bank just above the Piave river
4- Opening an art exhibition
5- Longarone church, destroyed by the wave from the Vajont
6- The new Longarone church, designed by the architect Giovanni Michelucci and inaugurated on 9 October, 1977
7- The centre of Longarone, and Castellavazzo in the background
8- Panoramic view of Pirago and the river Maè
9- Panoramic view of Pirago and Longarone, showing the wide bank of the Piave river; in the background one can see Castellavazzo
10- Longarone seen towards the Maè valley; in the foreground, right below the dam, is the hamlet of Rivalta
11- Entrance to Longarone from Pirago, with the villa Scotti on the right and Castellavazzo and Codissago in the distance
12- Longarone railway station in the foreground; further up are the terraces that mark the highest level reached by the flood
13- Via Roma - main road - and the square. Piazza Umberto I°
14- Via Roma twenty years after the disaster
15- In the foreground are Pirago and the road to Zoldo;
Longarone church is in the background, with Codissago on the right and Castellavazzo at the top.
16- Close up of the Villa Scotti and the road coming into Longarone from the Zoldo valley. One can also see the Piazza dei Martiri (the square of the Martyrs of resistence).
17- Sports car rally: 'the Gold Cup of the Dolomites'
18- The mayor of Longarone, Guglielmo Celso
19/24- The opening of the Ice Cream Exibition.
Page 51- The first 'Ice Cream Exibition', inaugurated on 13 December 1959, was held in the halls of the cinema next to the town hall. The idea emanated from a group of ice cream makers who worked abroad, people who through their hard work had managed over the years to make their mark on the production and marketing of this product.
Page 32- The event provided an auspicious beginning to an initiative which has led to important developments There is now an accredited qualification for the profession of ice cream making, and high standards for the quality of the product have been brought to the attention of those in the profession as well as throughout Italy. As photographer for the 'Gazzettino' I was given the task of doing all the photography for the show.
Page 33- The late painter from Longarone, Italo Pradella, shown in the foreground in photo no. 25, was (with others) the organizer of various art exhibitions. Some of the photos show the artists at work during a spontaneous show in Via Roma and characteristic settings such as the 'Albergo Posta', the 'Bar Pergolà and the 'Unione Cooperative,' that no longer exist today.
Page 34- I had a particular rapport with Longarone from a professional point of view right from the beginning. From a very young age I knew the people and I never found it difficult to consolidate existing friendships or to create new ones. Some of these were abruptly terminated on the tragic night of 9 October 1963, but the memory of the people and of that time is indelibly imprinted on my mind and remains with me always.
Page 35- My work is dedicated not only to those friends who lost their lives, but also to all of those people who at every level and in every field worked together for the common good. The little town was vibrant and alive, full of energy and initiative.
The return of the ice cream makers from Germany, Holland and the other European countries was the reason for the festival: it was an opportunity for them to exchange ideas and experiences, and the local people involved themselves unstintingly and enthusiastically.
35- Bepi Zanfron, first on the right, with a group of friends, all of whom died in the catastrophe
37/38- The San Nicola church of the Protti family, and Faè before the disaster
39- The ruins at Faè, towards Longarone, after the Vajont wave had swept through it
40/42- Pictures of a happy time: the marriage of Eugenio Sacchet and Emma Zoldan, celebrated on 25 April 1962 in the little church of Rivalta at Longarone, destroyed during the catastrophe
43/44- The local cyclist, Italo Coletti, passes through the centre of Longarone as he participates in the Piave Cycle Race of 1961
45- Picture of an international football match between Longarone's team and one from north of the Alps
46- Among the spectators was Gino Mazzorana, third from the right, the only survivor of his family, one of the first to be saved during the night
47- The teams line up before the match
48- The U.S. ACLI football team of Longarone. In the front row, from the left:
G. Carlo Fedon, Angelo Olivier (cap) *, Roberto Trevisson*, Giorgio De Cesero*, Renato Piva*, G. Franco. De Bettio; in the second row, from the left: Dino De Bona, Franco De Biasio, Pierantonio Piva*, Giovanni De Bettio, Enzo De Michiel
The asterisk* indicates those who died in the disaster
49- Longarone seen from the street in front of the railway station
50- Colomber bridge, in its time the highest in Italy
51 - View of Therenton bridge, looking down the valley
52- Footbridge over the Vajont gorge, with its warning sign of danger when there are storms
53- Aerial photo of the three bridges: at the bottom the aquaduct; in the distance, the Colomber; at the top the footbridge.
54- The road to Erto with the new bridge over the Vajont
55- 'Therentòn' bridge
56- The footbridge, and in the background the precipice. The bridge was constructed by Giacomo Martinelli and Felice Corona, both specialists in cablework
57/64- Record of the progress made on the construction of the Vajont dam.
Panoramic view of the dam under construction, of the restaurant 'Da Beppino', the Sade construction villages and the Torno construction site building. At the time around 500 people were involved in the construction of the dam.
63- Detailed view of the construction of the dam, using pre-cast sections
65/68- 4 December 1959 - Santa Barbara. Workers, technicians and managers all at the festival together
69/70- Trial filling of the reservoir after the completion of its construction. In photo no. 69 you can see the Sade and Torno construction villages in the distance.
71 /80- Images showing daily life in Erto and Casso, with the work of the time, holidays and typical stone houses Page 49- I had the opportunity to get to know the areas of Erto and Casso and their people on several occasions. I often provided the photography for the procession of Holy Friday. I was also asked to provide photographic evidence for an enquiry into problems the Municipality was experiencing after the first landslide on Mount Toc.
I worked with the journalist Tina Merlin, putting together a journalistic enquiry into the whole landslide episode, and we both felt considerable misgivings.
Page 50- The images on this page convey the serenity and tranquillity of daily life in Casso. The Vajont disaster changed things radically and a permanent record remains in the valley in the form of the huge pile of rubble left by the landslide and the whiteness of the rocks which sheered away from Mount Toc
81- General aerial view of the Vajont in the municipal areas of Erto and Casso; on the right one can see the road that leads from the dam to Pineda. One can also see the houses and mountain chalets below Mount Toc, which collapsed into the lake
82- The reflection of the white peaks of the mountains on the still mirror of the water of the lake is magical, but sends a shiver down the spine when one thinks of what happened later
83- Mount Toc seen from Casso, with the front of the landslide
84- 1961 - This picture conveys the impression of a tranquil life being led on the margins of the dam: women collect wood and carry their heavy loads home
85/87- Landslides from Mount Toc which had already happened before the dam was commissioned, right in front of Erto
86- Photojournalist Bepi Zanfron and journalist Tina Merlin during a site visit to Mount Toc to document a landslide which had already happened and the instability which already existed before the catastrophe
88- The village of Toc on the road to Pineda, which was dragged by the landslide into the lake. Only one house remained intact.
89- View of the lake under the village of San Martino, which was later entirely destroyed by the flood wave.
90- From the left: Attilio Corona, Giovanni De Damiani, and journalists Tina Merlin and Mario Passi 92/93/95- The village of 'I Mulini' below Erto,' abandoned when the reservoir was filled 94- Val de Font, a hamlet in the Erto district, completely destroyed 96/98/100- Lively games played by the children of Erto in the narrow streets covered with snow and ice
97- Journalist Armando Gervasoni, author of several publications on the Vajont, visits Erto
99- View of the main street of Erto, at the beginning of the sixties
101- Typical images of family life: a grandmother watches over the grandchildren while they eat their food on the steps of the house
102/105- Great celebrations on the occasion of confirmation: long lines of boys and girls, about forty in all, from Erto, Casso and surrounding hamlets wait in line
106/108- Work done by the artisan women from the Vajont valley, and their long pilgrimage to sell their products in distant places
109/116- The traditional commemoration of the Passion of Jesus Christ on Holy Friday in Erto. The whole community of the valley of Vajont used to participate, and still do today
The catastrophe
117/118- Photos of the dam and of the reservoir taken several months before the Mount Toc landslide 119/121- 23.00: the first photograph taken of the disaster, a few minutes after the wave of water had swept through Faè. Kneeling on the left is Paolo Bolzan, deputy chief fire officer of Belluno and on his right is marshal Ugo D'Incà.
They are working with members of the Belluno traffic police and some of the inhabitants of Fortogna to pull the dead and injured out of the rubble
122- The rubble of Faè exposed to view by a large searchlight brought by the rescue workers
123- Part of the route followed on foot during the night with the help of a small battery-powered torch. The photo was taken in the morning on my return to Belluno
124- A house near Villanova which miraculously remained intact, protected by a spur of rock. While I was passing through to Longarone some survivors called to me for help; as it was impossible for me to do anything. I alerted the team from the fire brigade who were following me
125/127-1 shot these photos during the early hours of the morning on my way back to the town. Only then did I fully realise - as the photos testify - the difficulty of reaching Longarone. During the course of the night I and several others devoted ourselves to the task of helping the survivors that we found in the rubble
128- Aerial photo taken in the morning from the helicopter. One can see the Faesite factory after the wave had hit it, and the road that comes to an abrupt end after a kilometre. This was the point from which I began my long nocturnal walk to Longarone
129- Ado De Col, voluntary fireman, whom I came across in Pirago, as he wandered about looking for his house, saying over and over 'There is nothing here any more. I can't find my family!'
130- Pirago in the morning with its devastated cemetery and the solitary steeple, the only thing left standing amid the devastation
131/132- About one o' clock, in the area of via Roma as I came from Pirago, I heard cries. The rescue workers of Igne and those from Forno di Zoldo were there; there was no equipment at all to help us. The rubble and earth had to be lifted with our bare hands and one simply kept digging until one found the survivor. Emilio Pagogna is holding the lamp while Renato Mazzucco and Bortolo Pellizzari are on their knees
133- Micaela Coletti, saved on the night of the disaster, is visited by Princess Beatrice of Savoy at the Pieve di Cadore hospital
134/136- 2-3 o' clock: the fire brigade, police and volunteers from Agordino, from the Zoldo valley, from Caldore and from the Bellunese area work wherever they hear cries or groans. This is the photographic record of the saving of young Gino Mazzorana, buried under the rubble of the house and found near via Roma.
137- Gino Mazzorana is visited by Princess Beatrice of Savoy
138- Gino Mazzorana and Renzo Scagnet in the Pieve di Cadore hospital some days after the catastrophe. Renzo Scagnet, eight years old, lost his father and his sister. He told a correspondent from the 'Famiglia Cristiana': "I was asleep. Suddenly a great rumble woke me up and I found myself, I have no idea how, in front of the town hall. I thought it was an earthquake."
139- Gino Mazzorana on the thirtieth anniversary of the Vajont disaster
Page 72- Micaela Coletti and Gino Mazzorana today recall those terrible moments:
Micaela Coletti
"At that time I was twelve and I was in bed: my two sisters were in the room with me. Suddenly there was a tremendous rumble which sounded like an unexpected storm, and it made everything shake. A few moments later I found myself buried under the rubble and earth that had been my house: I was probably saved by a bubble of air that got caught in the cover which was over my head.
I was struggling to breathe and my eyes seemed to be bursting out of my head with the effort. I felt shooting pain in my back and all over my body.
One of my arms and a leg were sticking out of the rubble, which were both waving in the air without my being conscious of it. I was saved by Ado De Col and Bepi Zanfron. Among the small group of rescue workers was Doctor Trevisan who gave me first aid. This was my salvation, that the rescue workers found me.
I spent two months at Pieve di Cadore hospital, and during the early days I was unconscious. Ten years ago I began again to try and find out what had happened to my mother, my grandmother and one of my sisters as I had had no success in finding them among the photos displayed during the days immediately after the tragedy.
My research proved fruitless.
All the documentation from the L'Aquila Tribunal seemed to have vanished and every formal attempt to trace them has come to nothing.
I would like to take this opportunity to thank Ado and Bepi from the bottom of my heart for helping me and for continuing to help me in my constant search for my roots."
Gino Mazzorana:
"I was born in 1953 so I was still a child at the time of the Vajont catastrophe.
We children lived without fear even though on the night before the landslide we could hear quite clearly strange noises coming from the mountain above the Piave while we were playing in the church square.
On the evening of 9 October 1963 I was asleep in the room with my brother. Suddenly I heard the building cracking and crumbling around me and felt a huge wave of water washing over me.
I found myself caught in the rubble of a half destroyed building, at which moment I had to let go of my brother's hand (I was later able to indicate the place where he was to be found).
A little while later some people, among whom was Bepi Zanfron, whom to this day I hold in particular affection, freed me from the rubble and carried me into Mr Marogna's house which was nearby; they washed me and dressed me in their son's clothes. After Doctor Vianello's visit (he came from Castellavazzo) I was transported to the Pieve di Cadore hospital.
I lost my parents, my brother and an uncle, all of whom are at rest in the cemetery for the victims of Fortogna."
140- The enormous wave, smashing against the vertical walls beneath Casso, then retreated back down the valley, creating a huge displacement of air which created a whirlpool effect, causing havoc throughout the entire village
141/145- Here I am joined by men with the appropriate tools from the Alpine Brigade of Cadore
141/145- Rescue operations: we began to dig not only as soon as we heard a cry but also if we had the least suspicion that someone might be alive under the rubble
146/153- Photos taken at the first light of day in the area to the north east of Longarone, in that part of the village which had not been destroyed; several survivors were wandering about in the ruins in shock, unable to believe what had happened. In this area voluntary guards were working, coordinated by Paolo De Paoli
Page 76- At the first light of dawn we began the sad task of recovering the bodies, an exercise which took a long time and took us some distance from the scene of the disaster. In some areas, like the one below Pirago, the work was arduous and painstaking as the rubble from the town was all caught up in the narrow Maè gorge.
The memory is still vivid in my mind of the recovery of the victims by the alpine brigade of Cadore and other military personnel; also the compassionate commitment of everyone who participated in identifying and bringing together the bodies, which in many cases were badly mutilated.
These scars remain in the soul and will never heal.
154- Panoramic view of the area where the railway station used to be, with the remains of the tracks in the foreground
155- In the centre is Giustino Bof, one of the alpine troops who arrived at Longarone with the first rescue workers at 01.30 on 10 October from Tai di Cadore. Hundreds of coffins were required urgently
156- First on the left is Lino Munaro from Irrighe di Chies d'Alpago; on the right is Giacomo Artusi from Introbio (Lecco); both served with the alpine troops of the Cadore brigade.
15 7- A picture showing the complete destruction of Pirago and the solitary steeple standing unscathed among the devastation
160-'Time stood still'
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Tartarology is the study of what? | Theology - definition of theology by The Free Dictionary
Theology - definition of theology by The Free Dictionary
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/theology
(thē-ŏl′ə-jē)
n. pl. the·ol·o·gies
1. The study of the nature of God and religious truth; rational inquiry into religious questions.
2. A system or school of opinions concerning God and religious questions: Protestant theology; Jewish theology.
3. A course of specialized religious study usually at a college or seminary.
[Middle English theologie, from Old French, from Latin theologia, from Greek theologiā : theo-, theo- + -logiā, -logy.]
theology
(θɪˈɒlədʒɪ)
n, pl -gies
1. (Theology) the systematic study of the existence and nature of the divine and its relationship to and influence upon other beings
2. (Theology) a specific branch of this study, undertaken from the perspective of a particular group: feminist theology.
3. (Theology) the systematic study of Christian revelation concerning God's nature and purpose, esp through the teaching of the Church
4. (Theology) a specific system, form, or branch of this study, esp for those preparing for the ministry or priesthood
[C14: from Late Latin theologia, from Latin; see theo-, -logy]
theˈologist n
(θiˈɒl ə dʒi)
n., pl. -gies.
1. the field of study and analysis that treats of God and of God's attributes and relations to the universe; the study of divine things or religious truth; divinity.
2. a particular form, system, or branch of this study.
[1325–75; Middle English theologie < Old French < Late Latin theologia < Greek theología. See theo -, -logy ]
Theology
1. the doctrines and ideas of St. Augustine, 5th-century archbishop of Hippo, and the religious rule developed by him.
2. the support of his doctrines.
3. adherence to his religious rule. — Augustinian, n., adj.
Hutchinsonianism
1. the theories of John Hutchinson, an 18th-century Yorkshireman, who disputed Newton’s theory of gravitation and maintained that a system of natural science was to be found in the Old Testament.
2. the tenets of the followers of Mrs. Anne Hutchinson, an antinomian who lived in the early days of the Massachusetts Colony. — Hutchinsonian, adj.
1. the unique nature of the Godhead and hence the Holy Trinity.
2. any of the three parts of the Holy Trinity.
3. the personality of Christ separate from his dual nature, human and divine. — hypostatic, hypostatical, adj.
Jehovist
1. Obsolete, a person who believes that the vowel-marks on the word Jehovah in Hebrew represent the actual vowels of the word.
2. the name given to the author(s) of the parts of the Hexateuch in which the sacred name is written Jehovah, instead of Elohim. — Jehovistic, adj.
1. the introduction of new, especially rationalistic, views or doctrines in theology.
2. such a view or doctrine. Also neologism. See also language . — neologist, n.
1. the precepts and ideas of William of Occam, 14th-century English Scholastic.
2. support of his precepts. — Occamist, Occamite, n. — Occamistic, adj.
1. the doctrines and precepts of Origen of Alexandria, 3rd-century Christian theologian and teacher.
2. adherence to his doctrines. — Origenist, n. — Origenian, Origenistic, adj.
1. Obsolete, all that is contained in theology.
2. a comprehensive, synthetic theology that covers all gods and religious systems. — pantheologist, n. — pantheologic, pantheological, adj.
1. Also patristics. the branch of theology that studies the teachings of the early church fathers.
2. a collection of the writings of the early church fathers. — patrologist, n. — patrologic, patrological, adj.
1. the action of God in foreordaining from eternity whatever comes to pass.
2. the doctrine that God chooses those who are to come to salvation.
the doctrine attributed to Calvin and other reformers that the bread and wine of the communion remain unchanged but are the vehicle through which the spiritual body and blood of Christ are received by the communicant. Cf. consubstantiation, receptionism, transabstantiation.
ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:
Noun
1.
theology - the rational and systematic study of religion and its influences and of the nature of religious truth
redemption , salvation - (theology) the act of delivering from sin or saving from evil
Creation - (theology) God's act of bringing the universe into existence
theology - the learned profession acquired by specialized courses in religion (usually taught at a college or seminary); "he studied theology at Oxford"
limbo - (theology) in Roman Catholicism, the place of unbaptized but innocent or righteous souls (such as infants and virtuous individuals)
purgatory - (theology) in Roman Catholic theology the place where those who have died in a state of grace undergo limited torment to expiate their sins
divine guidance , inspiration - (theology) a special influence of a divinity on the minds of human beings; "they believe that the books of Scripture were written under divine guidance"
theanthropism - (theology) the doctrine that Jesus was a union of the human and the divine
foreordination , predetermination , preordination , predestination - (theology) being determined in advance; especially the doctrine (usually associated with Calvin) that God has foreordained every event throughout eternity (including the final salvation of mankind)
discipline , field of study , subject area , subject field , bailiwick , subject , field , study - a branch of knowledge; "in what discipline is his doctorate?"; "teachers should be well trained in their subject"; "anthropology is the study of human beings"
angelology - the branch of theology that is concerned with angels
apologetics - the branch of theology that is concerned with the defense of Christian doctrines
ecclesiology - the branch of theology concerned with the nature and the constitution and the functions of a church
eschatology - the branch of theology that is concerned with such final things as death and Last Judgment; Heaven and Hell; the ultimate destiny of humankind
hermeneutics - the branch of theology that deals with principles of exegesis
homiletics - the branch of theology that deals with sermons and homilies
theological system
system of rules , system - a complex of methods or rules governing behavior; "they have to operate under a system they oppose"; "that language has a complex system for indicating gender"
theology , divinity - the rational and systematic study of religion and its influences and of the nature of religious truth
Christian theology - the teachings of Christian churches
liberation theology - a form of Christian theology (developed by South American Roman Catholics) that emphasizes social and political liberation as the anticipation of ultimate salvation
natural theology - a theology that holds that knowledge of God can be acquired by human reason without the aid of divine revelation
procession , emanation , rise - (theology) the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost; "the emanation of the Holy Spirit"; "the rising of the Holy Ghost"; "the doctrine of the procession of the Holy Spirit from the Father and the Son"
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A Shavian is an admirer of which dramatist and his work? | Philosophia Buddhica
Philosophia Buddhica
(a personal blog for philosophical reflection, speculation, and deliberation)
Sunday, 18 December 2016
Innate Luminousism
The expression “Innate Luminousism” is a neologism that I am coining here to express the Buddhist philosophical idea that the nature of mind is luminous. Readers who know this Buddhist concept well may, for the time being, withhold their enlightening lecture on the topic, because this is not my motive for addressing the issue here. My interest here is how precisely does Rong-zom-pa, an eleventh-century Tibetan scholar, understand this concept. Those readers who can provide insights on Rong-zom-pa’s understanding of the concept based on concrete, explicit, and unambiguous textual sources are, of course, welcome to comment. I shall propose my own understanding of how he understands the concept. As far as I am concerned, the most fundamental understanding of the statement that the nature of mind is by nature luminous is that mind in its elemental state is untainted and ”untaintable,” unpolluted and ”unpollutable.” All stains, pollutions, or contaminations are thus adventitious and are foreign to the actual pure nature of the mind. It is because of this quality of the mind, that is, the natural purity of the mind and its quality of pollutability and purifiability, that purification and pollution are at all possible. This seems to be the very crux of Buddhist soteriological mechanism. The pure nature of mind at its elemental level or state may be compared to water in its molecular state and level (i.e. H20). The question is if mind can be reduced to non-mind, that is, to the extent that it loses the identity and quality of mind. I have a feeling that some Buddhist philosophers believed that it is possible. This would be like splitting hydrogen and oxygen present in H20, thereby losing the identity and quality of water. But what about Rong-zom-pa’s understanding of the statement that mind is by nature luminous? If to carefully examine the way he explains the concept of rang bzhin gyis ’od gsal ba’i rnam par thar pa (obviously according to the special soteriology of what he calls “special Mahāyāna”), it seems to be clear that rang bzhin gyis ’od gsal ba’i rnam par thar pa is the realization that both pollutants and purifiers are not substantially existent. For him, therefore, mind and its pollutants and purifiers are not only like water, its pollutants and purifiers but more so like mirage-water and its pollutants and purifiers. Apparent mind may appear to polluted and purified, but like mirage-water, there has never been mind, nor its pollution, nor its purification, even when the apparent mind appears to be polluted or purified. So it seems that for Rong-zom-pa, it is not so much because of the natural purity of the actual mind and its quality of pollutability and purifiability that one speaks of the luminosity of the mind, but rather that one speaks of the natural luminosity of the mind because of the innate non-substantiality of the apparent mind and its immaculate nature which is always and essentially devoid of pollutants and purifiers. Perhaps one might say that for Rong-zom-pa only that quality or reality that transcends the duality such as of pollution and purification, day and light, light and darkness, and so forth, can be called naturally luminous. My understanding might become a little more plausible if we consider the expression “the nature of space is luminous” that he, if I am not mistaken, also employs. That is, for him, we cannot say that the nature of space is luminous only when the sun shines or only when there is light. Luminosity in its ultimate sense should be, I think according to him, that quality or reality of the space that is inherently, intrinsically, and primordially pure (i.e. empty) of anything that does not belong to the quality of space. For the time being, I cannot think of a better explanation of his understanding of innate luminosity. There are many shades and levels of understanding the concept of luminosity, but the two that I alluded here seem to be crucial or significant.
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Political Ostracism
I always thought I am apolitical, which is, anyway, said to be one way of being political. But I think I have lost my political naivety, illusion, and innocence. More and more people in my today’s world seem to suffer political ostracism. They seem to have become politically homeless. They now seem to live in a political orphanage, because they can neither feel at home (or identify themselves) with the self-righteous, radical, militant, hypocritical, intolerant, and often anti-Semitic, left ideologists, nor can they feel at home (or identify themselves) with extreme, nationalistic, chauvinistic, xenophobic, and racist right ideologists. Politics and media seem to have been hijacked by these two types of ideologists, who seem to be too radical and extreme to leave room for reason, truth, justice, moderation, nuanced positions, wisdom, and compassion. Politics and media tend to hide, twist, or deny truth and reality when they do not fit their ideologies and agendas. Worst of all, such political ideologies, particularly, the extreme leftist ideology seems to have infiltrated the world of academics. Some academics seem to have somehow got the idea that an academic is defined by the radicality of his or her radical leftist political ideology. A tragic irony is that even a hint of reasoned dissents would suffice to label a fellow academic as a Nazi, thereby seeking to ostracize and delegitimize an alternative viewpoint by throwing accusations ad hominem.
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Water Analogy
Mind in its elemental form is said to be pristinely pure. Some might like to compare it to fully distilled water devoid of any adventitious malignant or benignant substances. Some would think it is pregnant with innate positive qualities, that is, comparable to pure water pregnant with rich precious minerals. But pure mind can become polluted. If the regnant pollutant is hatred, mind becomes indignant, oppugnant, and malignant. If the regnant pollutant is attachment, it becomes poignant. If the regnant pollutant is confusion or ignorance, mind becomes stagnant. A polluted mind become repugnant and malignant. But we also find several methods of purification: disinfection, distillation, sedimentation, sterilization, and so on. One approach is particularly noteworthy. According to one, mind has never been mind. It is as though we have all the while taken (virtual) “mirage-water” to be (actual) water. Gaining direct meditative insight into this reality is said to liberate one once and for all.
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Buddhist Paradiseology or Buddhist Edenology
This is just for pure fun. Every language, culture, or religion may have its own words and concept of paradise or heaven. Buddhism is no exception. In course of time, it has developed various notions of paradise or heaven. By the way, nivāṇa is not a paradise or heaven. There are, in general, concepts of “higher realms” and “lower realms,” “good or happy existences” and “bad or miserable existences,” “worldly spheres” and “Buddhaic spheres,” “pure realms” and “impure realms,” and so forth. Impure realms are usually said to be karmically produced, whereas pure realms may be produced through the previous resolutions of certain Buddhas and which serve as kinds of temporary stations of relief that would enable one to pursue one’s onward journey towards becoming a buddha. Not all higher realms are heavenly realms. Human realm, for example, is a higher realm but not a heavenly or celestial realm. Not all lower realms are hellish realms (be they hyperthermic or hypothermic hells). Animalic realm is a lower realm but not a hellish realm. Paradisical realm of the Buddha Amitābha is called Sukhāvatī (“[Realm] Endowed with Bliss].” Based on East-Asian tradition and sources, it came to be known as the “Pure Land of Amitābha,” and the Buddhist tradition that is associated with it is known as “Pure-Land Buddhism,” although one is tempted to call it “Land-of-Bliss Buddhism” instead. In the Tibetan tradition, there is no such a thing “Sukhāvatī Buddhism” although followers of each school might believe that birth in the Sukhāvatī is a possible (albeit only temporary) option. Paradisical realm of a Buddha is not limited to that of Buddha Amitābha alone. Akṣobhya and the like, too, have their own paradisical realms. Tārā, too, has her own paradisical realm. Padmasambhava’s paradisical realm is very popular among his followers. In the end, we also encounter the idea that heaven or hell is one’s own projection or construction, and thus one should rather aspire to cleans one’s own intellectual emotional defilements and other obscurations. Such a paradisical realm in Buddhism may be called a “Buddhist Elysian Field” or “Buddhist Elysium” or “Buddhist Edenic Abode.” The theory or study of paradise-like realms or spheres in Buddhism may be called “Buddhist Paradiseology” or “Buddhist Edenology.” Just a random thought!
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Buddhist Hodology
My obsession with coining new (or borrowing old) words for expressing certain ideas in Buddhist philosophy and religion continues. This time it is “Hodology.” It is supposed to mean “study of pathways.” The word is derived from the Greek hodos, meaning “path.” It is used in various contexts such as in neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, and geography. I wish to use this word in Buddhist philosophy and soteriology. Let us say “Buddhist hodology.” In the Buddhist context, it is supposed to include all reflections, explanations, descriptions, and systematization of topics all subsumed under what Tibetan Buddhist scholars would call “discourses of the spiritual stages and paths” (sa dang lam gyi rnam gzhag). This is an important topic. One could also call “Buddhist Mārgology.” Nowadays we use the expression “Meditation Theories” very vaguely to express the theories of bhūmis and mārgas. But the expression is perhaps too narrow. “Buddhist hodology” would include everything that is linked with Buddhist soteriology. It would deal with mundane (laukika) and supramundane (lokottara) paths, the correct and the wrong paths, the pitfalls and dangers on the way, regression and progression, signs, qualities, and achievements. In order to have a historically (or diachronically) and doctrinally (or synchronically) representative picture of Buddhist hodology, one has to consider hodology from the perspective of various schools and systems of Buddhism. At any rate, I feel that the use of the use of the term “Buddhist hodology” is justifiable.
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Buddhist Lypeology or Buddhist Odyneology
I would like to remind my readers (especially if they happen to be my students) that these blog writings of mine are not meant to be academic writings and thus they should not be treated as such, although I do welcome academics to read and comment on them. Now, I think it is high time that we coin a term such as “Buddhist lypeology” or “Buddhist odyneology.” I have borrowed Greek words lypē and odynē (having the meaning of “(primarily) physical or (secondarily) mental pain”). By “Buddhist lypeology/odyneology,” I wish to express the Buddhist theory or philosophy of pain, suffering, and discontentment (duḥkha: sdug bsngal). Buddhist lypeology/odyneology can be considered an important aspect of Buddhist philosophy and Buddhist soteriology. I shall mention here only a few points that seem relevant for Buddhist lypeology/odyneology. What is duḥkha? What is the nature of duḥkha? What are the causes and conditions of duḥkha? What are the antidotes of duḥkha? Can one and how can one end duḥkha? What is the value (if there is one at all) of duḥkha? With regard to the nature of duḥkha, one can also consider the typology of duḥkha. One may consider two types of duḥkha: physical (or bodily) duḥkha and psychical (or mental) duḥkha. On may also consider three types of duḥkha. This is well known. The third of the three types of duḥkha is said to be typically Buddhist (LS). Then usually Buddhist sources speak of the eight kinds of duḥkha (already in canonical sources). I just see that rDo-grub bsTan-pa’i-nyi-ma (gSung ’bum, vol. 7, p. 236) also speaks of two kinds of duḥkha, “gross duḥkha” (rags pa’i sdug bsngal) and “subtle duḥkha” (phra ba’i sdug bsngal) The first one is identified as duḥkha experienced by beings in lower destinies (durgati: ngan song) whereas the latter with saṃskāraduḥkhatā. Two Buddhist positions are noteworthy here. First we have the one position according to which there is no sukha at all in saṃsāra and that all feelings/sensations are duḥkha. The impression of sukha that we get is mistaken just like the feeling of ease that we get while shifting the load from one shoulder to another. Second, we do also have some strands that believed that we do have feeling of happiness and pleasure (although often dominated by the feeling of duḥkha). The primary cause of duḥkha is according to one position tṛṣṇā and according to another avidyā (and we may find the two positions reconciled). It is assumed that pāpa causes duḥkha. What about the value of duḥkha? My impression is that in Buddhism, duḥkha in a measured degree can be beneficial for a person (and thus can have a positive instrumental value). Too much of duḥkha or sukha is, however, detrimental or impedimental for a person. In Buddhism, duḥkha is not owned by an owner. It takes place in any psycho-physical complex at any given point in time and place. In addition, it is assumed that duḥkha (e.g. toothache) is a reality that one has to face once it is present. If one does not want future duḥkha, just avoid its causes and conditions. Intellectual-psychological receptivity (kṣānti: bzod pa) is necessary to face one’s duḥkha. Usually one who is capable of equalizing sukha and duḥkha is considered wise. Some Buddhist strands recommend one to view duḥkha not as a problem but as a solution. So it is said that one should see duḥkhasatya as nirodhasatya (i.e. saṃsāra and nirvāṇa.
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Buddhist Hellology (cf. Buddhist Tartarology)
The term “hellology” can be found in the internet but does not seem to be attested in standard reference works. But never mind, I will use it here anyway in the sense of “the theory or study of hells.” Those of us new to Buddhism are often surprised/disappointed to know that Buddhism, too, has a concept of hell. Those of us who have been dealing with Buddhism for quite sometime either trivialize or banalize it away as a scare-mongering strategy or tactic of the Buddhists, or, rationalize it away somehow. Whether or not we like the idea of hell in Buddhism but we do have the idea of hell in Buddhism and hence we have to have a kind of “Buddhist hellology.” To begin with, Buddhist hellology would be a part of Buddhist cosmology (in the narrower sense of the “study or theory of the (external) world”). According to Buddhist sources, there are five or six kinds of worldly destiny/destination (or forms of existence) that a sentient being would land up. These fall into two sections: higher sphere of existence and lower sphere of existence. Importantly, neither are all higher spheres heavens or celestial realms nor are all lowers realms hell realms. Human realm belongs to the higher sphere but is still a human (though not always a humane) realm and not a celestial realm. Animal realms and realms of hungry ghosts belong to lower spheres but are not hell realms. Hell realms are the lowest in the domain of worldly existence. But there is not just one kind and level of hells. There are eighteen hellish realms. It will be imprecise to call hells in the Buddhist context as “Inferno” or “the infernal regions” because not hells are hot burning hells. There are cold hells too. Also the word “netherworld” would not suit our context because not all realms in the “netherworld” are hells. Importantly, there is neither the concept of “eternal damnation” nor of “eternal punishment.” No form of existence according to Buddhism is ever eternal (not even the deepest hell) and nobody can eternally punish anybody. But for pedagogical or didactic purpose, one might observe metaphors of punishment enacted during a theatrical performance. Pleasures or pains, which would be the consequences of one’s positive or negative attitudes and actions, are conceived of as being self-regulatory according to the karmic mechanism. Neutral attitude and actions, though possible, are karmically inconsequential. The depth of the hells and the intensity and duration of pain and suffering are obviously conceived of as being directly proportional to the gravity of the negativity of one’s karmic deed committed and accumulated. The most important cause for one’s birth in the hell realm is the deed committed and accumulated out of hatred, maliciousness, or malevolence. No bodhisattva would like to teach a sentient how to be born (karmically) in the hell, but if one insists he might tell us that the surest way to guarantee a place in the hell is to commit as much hatred- and maliciousness-motivated deeds as possible! There is also an interesting idea in Tantric Buddhism that there are only two destinations for a Mantric practitioner (like a snake in bamboo tube): one either attains Vajradharahood or takes birth in the hell. This hell is often called *vajranāraka (rdo rje dmyal ba). Although the Sanskrit source is not known to me, the Tibetan word can be found in some works in the bKa’ ’gyur and bsTan ’gyur. It is also used, for example, by gNubs-chen in his verses of epilogue of his bSam ta mig sgron (p. 503). The analogy of a snake in a bamboo pipe, I remember, has been used by A-ro Ye-shes-’byung-gnas in his Theg chen rnal ’byor la ’jug pa (Katja Thiesen’s Magister Thesis). It can also be found in what is known as the Jo bo’i gsung ’bum. See also the Bai ro’i rgyud ’bum (vol. 1, p. 288.5). The question is whether *vajranāraka is just another name for the lowest of the eighteen hells, or is it a separate hell, that is, one at the bottom of all hells. I think Tibetan scholars discuss this. What happens when our world dissolves? The hell habitats themselves will be dissolved but those hell inhabitants, who have not yet exhausted their karmic consequences, will be automatically be transferred to hells in other world systems. I thought Schmithausen has suggested, I do not remember where, that this problem of relocating hell inhabitants, who have not yet exhausted their karmic consequences, may have contributed to the development of Buddhist cosmology. Need to check! One last question: Do all Buddhist sources or systems really believe that such hells exist literally (and not just metaphorically)? What Śāntideva says might appeal to some modern rationality-inclined individuals, namely, that the damsels in the hell realms, who lure one to suffering, are actually nothing but projections of one’s unwholesome mind. But then is it also not said that our human realm, too, is just a projection of our mind? PS. (a) Si-tu-paṇ-chen in his bKa’ ’gyur dkar chag (p. 27) alludes to rdo rje khab rtse’i dmyal ba (according to the Kālacakra tradition), being the eighth hell. (b) See also Wangchuk 2009 (i.e. “A Relativity Theory of the Purity and Validity of Perception in Indo-Tibetan Buddhism”), where I also point out that, somewhat like what we find in John Milton’s poem, according to some Buddhist sources, too, one can make a heaven out of hell and hell out of heaven.
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In Sumo wrestling, a handful of what is thrown into the ring before combat? | Sumo | Geisha world Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia
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In addition to its use as a trial of strength in combat, sumo has also been associated with Shinto ritual, and even certain shrines carry out forms of ritual dance where a human is said to wrestle with a kami (a Shinto divine spirit). It was an important ritual at the imperial court. Representatives of each province were ordered to attend the contest at the court and fight. They were required to pay for their travels themselves. The contest was known as sumai no sechie, or "sumai party." Sumo wrestler Somagahana Fuchiemon, c. 1850. Over the rest of Japanese recorded history, sumo's popularity has changed according to the whims of its rulers and the need for its use as a training tool in periods of civil strife. The form of wrestling combat probably changed gradually into one where the main aim in victory was to throw one's opponent. The concept of pushing one's opponent out of a defined area came some time later.
Also, it is believed that a ring, defined as something other than simply the area given to the wrestlers by spectators, came into being in the 16th century as a result of a tournament organized by the then principal warlord in Japan, Oda Nobunaga. At this point wrestlers would wear loose loincloths, rather than the much stiffer mawashi of today. During the Edo period, wrestlers would wear a fringed kesho-mawashi during the bout, whereas today these are worn only during pre-tournament rituals. Most of the rest of the current forms within the sport developed in the early Edo period.
Professional sumo (大相撲, ōzumō) can trace its roots back to the Edo period in Japan as a form of sporting entertainment. The original wrestlers were probably samurai, often rōnin, who needed to find an alternative form of income. Current professional sumo tournaments began in the Tomioka Hachiman Shrine in 1684, and then were held in the Ekō-in in the Edo period. They have been held in the Ryōgoku Kokugikan since 1909, though the Kuramae Kokugikan had been used for the tournaments in the post-war years until 1984.
Nations adjacent to Japan, sharing many cultural traditions, also feature styles of traditional wrestling that bear resemblance to sumo. Notable examples include Mongolian wrestling, Chinese Shuai jiao (摔角), and Korean Ssireum. Examples of Chinese art from 220 BC show the Korean wrestlers stripped to the waist and their bodies pressed shoulder to shoulder.
Winning a Sumo Bout
The winner of a sumo bout is either:
The first wrestler to force his opponent to step out of the ring.
The first wrestler to force his opponent to touch the ground with any part of his body other than the bottom of his feet.
On rare occasions the referee or judges may award the win to the wrestler who touched the ground first; this happens if both wrestlers touch the ground at very nearly the same time and it is decided that the wrestler who touched the ground second had no chance of winning as, due to the superior sumo of his opponent, he was already in an irrecoverable position. The losing wrestler is referred to as being shini-tai (“dead body”) in this case.
There are also a number of other rarely used rules that can be used to determine the winner. For example a wrestler using an illegal technique (or kinjite) automatically loses, as does one whose mawashi (or belt) becomes completely undone. A wrestler failing to turn up for his bout (including through a prior injury) also automatically loses (fusenpai). After the winner is declared, an off-stage gyōji (or referee) determines the kimarite (or winning technique) used in the bout, which is then announced to the audience.
Matches often last only a few seconds, as usually one wrestler is quickly ousted from the circle or thrown to the ground. However, they can occasionally last for several minutes. Each match is preceded by an elaborate ceremonial ritual. The wrestlers themselves are renowned for their great girth as body mass is often a winning factor in sumo, though with skill, smaller wrestlers can topple far larger opponents.
The wrestling ring (dohyō)
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Sumo matches take place in a dohyō (土俵): a ring, 4.55 metres (14.9 ft) in diameter and 16.26 square metres (175.0 sq ft) in area, of rice-straw bales on top of a platform made of clay mixed with sand. A new dohyō is built for each tournament by the yobidashi. At the center are two white lines, the shikiri-sen, behind which the wrestlers position themselves at the start of the bout. A roof resembling that of a Shinto shrine may be suspended over the dohyō.
Professional Sumo
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Sumo wrestlers gather in a circle around the gyoji (referee) in the dohyō-iri (ring-entering ceremony).Professional sumo is organized by the Japan Sumo Association. The members of the association, called oyakata, are all former wrestlers, and are the only people entitled to train new wrestlers. All practicing wrestlers are members of a training stable (heya) run by one of the oyakata, who is the stablemaster for the wrestlers under him. Currently there are 54 training stables for about 700 wrestlers.
All sumo wrestlers take wrestling names called shikona (しこ名), which may or may not be related to their real names. Often wrestlers have little choice in their name, which is given to them by their trainer (or stablemaster), or by a supporter or family member who encouraged them into the sport. This is particularly true of foreign-born wrestlers. A wrestler may change his wrestling name several times during his sumo career.
Sumo wrestling is a strict hierarchy based on sporting merit. The wrestlers are ranked according to a system that dates back hundreds of years, to the Edo period. Wrestlers are promoted or demoted according to their performance in six official tournaments held throughout the year. A carefully prepared banzuke listing the full hierarchy is published two weeks prior to each sumo tournament.
Sumo Divisions
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There are six divisions in sumo: makuuchi (maximum 42 wrestlers), jūryō (fixed at 28 wrestlers), makushita (fixed at 120 wrestlers), sandanme (fixed at 200 wrestlers), jonidan (approximately 230 wrestlers), and jonokuchi (approximately 80 wrestlers). Wrestlers enter sumo in the lowest jonokuchi division and, ability permitting, work their way up to the top division. Wrestlers in the top two divisions are known as sekitori, while lower division wrestlers are generally referred to by the generic term for wrestlers, rikishi.
The topmost makuuchi division receives the most attention from fans and has the most complex hierarchy. The majority of wrestlers are maegashira and are numbered from one (at the top) down to about sixteen or seventeen. Above the maegashira are the three champion or titleholder ranks, called the sanyaku. These are, in ascending order, komusubi, sekiwake, and ōzeki. At the pinnacle of the ranking system is the rank of yokozuna.
Yokozuna, or grand champions, are generally expected to compete for and to win the top division tournament title on a regular basis. Hence the promotion criteria for yokozuna are very strict. In general, an ōzeki must win the championship for two consecutive tournaments or an "equivalent performance" to be considered for promotion to yokozuna. More than one wrestler can hold the rank of yokozuna at the same time.
Exhibition competitions are held at regular intervals every year in Japan, and approximately once every two years the top ranked wrestlers visit a foreign country for such exhibitions. None of these displays is taken into account in determining a wrestler's future rank. Rank is determined only by performance in Grand Sumo Tournaments (or honbasho), which are described in more detail below. Foreigner and sumo Wrestler, 1861.
Foreign participation
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Professional sumo is practiced exclusively in Japan, but wrestlers of other nationalities participate. There are currently 55 wrestlers officially listed as foreigners. In July 2007, there were 19 foreigners in the top two divisions, which was an all-time record, and for the first time, a majority of wrestlers in the top sanyaku ranks were from overseas. More recently, the ratio of foreigners has stabilized and as of November 2011 there were 18 foreigners in the two top divisions.
A Japanese-American, Toyonishiki, and the Korean-born Rikidōzan achieved sekitori status prior to World War II, but neither were officially listed as foreigners. The first non-Asian to achieve fame and fortune in sumo was Hawaii-born Takamiyama. He reached the top division in 1968 and in 1972 became the first foreigner to win the top division championship. He was followed by fellow Hawaii-born Konishiki, the first foreigner to reach the rank of ōzeki in 1987; and the native Hawaiian Akebono, who became the first foreign-born yokozuna in 1993. Musashimaru, born in Samoa but from Hawaii, became the second foreigner to reach sumo's top rank in 1999. The most recent yokozuna, Asashōryū and Hakuhō, are Mongolian. They are among a group of Mongolian wrestlers who have achieved success in the upper ranks. Wrestlers from Eastern European countries such as Georgia and Russia have also found success in the upper levels of sumo. In 2005 Kotoōshū from Bulgaria became the first wrestler of European birth to attain the ōzeki ranking and the first to win a top division championship.
Until relatively recently, the Japan Sumo Association had no restrictions at all on the number of foreigners allowed in professional sumo. In May 1992, shortly after the Ōshima stable had recruited six Mongolians at the same time, the Sumo Association's new director Dewanoumi, the former yokozuna Sadanoyama, announced that he was considering limiting the number of overseas recruits per stable and in sumo overall.[4] There was no official ruling, but no stable recruited any foreigners for the next six years. This unofficial ban was then relaxed, but only two new foreigners per stable were allowed, until the total number reached 40. Then in 2002, a one foreigner per stable policy was officially adopted. (The ban was not retroactive, so foreigners recruited before the changes were unaffected). Though the move has been met with criticism, there are no plans to relax the restrictions at this time. Originally, it was possible for a place in a stable to open up if a foreign born wrestler acquired Japanese citizenship. This occurred when Hisanoumi changed his nationality from Tongan at the end of 2006, allowing another Tongan to enter his stable, and Kyokutenhō's change of citizenship allowed Ōshima stable to recruit Mongolian Kyokushuho in May 2007. However, on February 23, 2010 the Sumo Association announced that it had changed its definition of "foreign" to "foreign-born" (gaikoku shusshin), meaning that even naturalized Japanese citizens will be considered as foreigners if they were born outside Japan. The restriction on one foreign wrestler per stable was also reconfirmed.
Professional sumo tournaments
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Yokozuna Asashōryū waits for his matchA top division wrestler will arrive at the stadium in the afternoon and enter the changing room. There are 'East' and 'West' rooms so competing wrestlers do not meet their opponents of the day before the match. The wrestler will change first into his kesho-mawashi, an ornate, embroidered silk 'apron', which he will wear during the ring entering ceremony, or dohyō-iri. There are four dohyō-iri on each day, two for jūryō and two for makuuchi division wrestlers. In each case there is a procession of those in the east changing room and one for those in the west. During the ceremony the wrestlers are introduced to the crowd one-by-one in ascending rank order and form a circle around the ring facing outwards. Once the highest ranked wrestler is introduced they turn inwards and perform a brief ritual before filing off and returning to their changing rooms. Yokozuna have a separate, more elaborate dohyō-iri; see yokozuna.
Once in the changing room the wrestlers change into their fighting mawashi and await their bouts. The wrestlers reenter the arena two bouts before their own and sit down at the side of the ring. There are no weight divisions in sumo, and considering the range of body weights in sumo, an individual wrestler can sometimes face an opponent twice his own weight. When it is their turn they will be called into the ring by a yobidashi (announcer) and they will mount the dohyō.[15] Kitazakura throws salt before the bout, October 2007On mounting the dohyō the wrestler performs a number of rituals derived from Shinto practice. Facing the audience, he claps his hands and then performs the leg-stomping shiko exercise to drive evil spirits from the dohyō as the gyōji, or referee, who will coordinate the bout announces the wrestlers' names once more.
In addition, the top two divisions add even more rituals. Stepping out of the ring into their corners, each wrestler is given a ladleful of water, the chikara-mizu ("power water"), with which he rinses out his mouth; and a paper tissue, the chikara-gami ("power paper"), to dry his lips. Then both step back into the ring, squat facing each other, clap their hands, then spread them wide (traditionally to show they have no weapons). Returning to their corners they each pick up a handful of salt which they toss onto the ring to purify it.
Finally the wrestlers crouch down at the shikiri-sen, or starting lines, each trying to stare the other down. When both wrestlers place both fists on the ground on or behind the shikiri-sen, they spring from their crouch for the tachi-ai (the initial charge). In the upper divisions they almost never charge on the first occasion. Instead, after staring at one another, they return to their corners for more mental preparation. More salt is thrown whenever they step back into the ring. This can happen a number of times (about three, or even more in the case of the highest ranks) until on the last occasion the referee informs them they must start the bout. The total length of time for this preparation is around four minutes for the top division wrestlers, but in the lower divisions they are expected to start more or less immediately.
Life as a Professional Sumo Wrestler
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Young low-ranking sumo wrestlers at the Tomozuma Stable in Tokyo end their daily workout routine with a footwork drillA sumo wrestler leads a highly regimented way of life. The Sumo Association prescribes the behavior of its wrestlers in some detail. For example, in the wake of a serious car accident involving a wrestler the Association banned wrestlers from driving their own cars. Breaking the rules can result in fines and/or suspension, not only for the offending wrestler, but also for his stablemaster.
On entering sumo, they are expected to grow their hair long to form a topknot, or chonmage, similar to the samurai hairstyles of the Edo Period. Furthermore they are expected to wear the chonmage and traditional Japanese dress when in public. Consequently, sumo wrestlers can be identified immediately when in public.
The type and quality of the dress depends on the wrestler's rank. Rikishi in jonidan and below are allowed to wear only a thin cotton robe called a yukata, even in winter. Furthermore, when outside they must wear a form of wooden sandals called geta that make a distinctive clip-clop sound as one walks in them. Wrestlers in the makushita and sandanme divisions can wear a form of traditional short overcoat over their yukata and are allowed to wear straw sandals, called zōri. The higher ranked sekitori can wear silk robes of their own choice and the quality of the garb is significantly improved. They also are expected to wear a more elaborate form of topknot called an ōichō (lit. big ginkgo leaf) on formal occasions.
Similar distinctions are made in stable life. The junior rikishi must get up earliest, around 5 am, for training whereas the sekitori may start around 7 am When the sekitori are training the junior rikishi may have chores to do, such as assisting in cooking the lunch, cleaning and preparing the bath, or holding a sekitori's towel. The ranking hierarchy is preserved for the order of precedence in bathing after training, and in eating lunch.
Rikishi are not normally allowed to eat breakfast and are expected to have a form of siesta after a large lunch. The most common type of lunch served is the traditional "sumo meal" of chankonabe which consists of a simmering stew cooked at table which contains various fish, meat, and vegetables. It is usually eaten with rice and washed down with beer. This regimen of no breakfast and a large lunch followed by a sleep is intended to help rikishi put on weight so as to compete more effectively.
In the afternoon the junior rikishi will again usually have cleaning or other chores to do, while their sekitori counterparts may relax, or deal with work issues related to their fan clubs. Younger rikishi will also attend classes, although their education differs from the typical curriculum of their non-sumo peers. In the evening sekitori may go out with their sponsors while juniors stay at home in the stable, unless they are to accompany the stablemaster or a sekitori as his manservant (or tsukebito) when he is out (this is normally a more privileged role given to a rikishi who may be nearing sekitori status himself). Becoming a tsukebito (or personal assistant) for a senior member of the stable is a typical chore. A sekitori will have many tsukebito, with the most junior responsible for cleaning and other mundane tasks. Only the most senior tsukebito will accompany the sekitori when he goes out.
The sekitori also are given their own room in the stable or, may live in their own apartments, as do married wrestlers. In contrast, the junior rikishi sleep in communal dormitories. Thus the world of the sumo wrestler is split broadly between the junior rikishi, who serve, and the sekitori, who are served. Life is especially harsh for new recruits, to whom the worst jobs tend to be allocated, and there is a high dropout rate at this stage.
The negative effects of the sumo lifestyle become dangerously apparent later in life. Sumo wrestlers have a life expectancy of between 60 and 65, more than 10 years shorter than the average Japanese male. They often develop diabetes, high blood pressure, and are prone to heart attacks. The excessive intake of alcohol can lead to liver problems and the stress on their joints can cause arthritis. Recently, the standards of weight gain are becoming less strict, in an effort to improve the overall health of the wrestlers. The average height of sumo wrestlers is around 180 cm (5' 11").
Memorabilia
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Tegata of the former makuuchi wrestler TeraoAs with many sports, there are a wide variety of souvenirs and memorabilia that fans may acquire. Fans purchasing box seats or front row seats usually purchase the tickets through so-called tea houses, which provide sumo related items in a package that includes the purchase of the ticket. This sort of memorabilia can also be purchased separately. Plates, and cups with sumo related themes are a common item. One of the more unusual items that can be purchased is the tegata (lit. hand shape) of the wrestlers of whom one is a fan—the sumo version of an autograph. Tegata consist of a hand print of the wrestler using black or red ink accompanied by his fighting name written in calligraphic style by the wrestler himself. Original tegata can be quite expensive, but printed copies of the most popular wrestlers can be obtained very inexpensively. Only wrestlers in the top two jūryō and makuuchi divisions are permitted to make them. Another popular collectible is a copy of the banzuke for a tournament. A banzuke is a document that has been meticulously handwritten in calligraphic script and lists every wrestler who participates in a tournament in order of rank.
Sumo in contrast to other Eastern martial arts
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Sumo, while considered a martial art, diverges from the typical Eastern style both at the surface and at its heart. Whereas most martial arts award promotions through time and practice, sumo ranks can be gained and lost every two months in the official tournaments. Conversely, in more common Japanese martial arts (such as karate), ranks are gained after passing a single test, and practitioners of karate are not normally demoted, even after repeated poor performances at tournaments. This divergence from other martial arts creates a high-pressure, high-intensity environment for sumo wrestlers. All the benefits that sekitori wrestlers receive can be taken from them if they fail to maintain a high level of achievement in each official tournament.
Furthermore, sumo does not provide any means of achievement besides the official tournaments. Rank is determined solely by winning records during an official tournament. On the other hand, in many other Eastern martial arts, competitors can display their skill by performing standard routines, called kata or forms, to receive recognition. Thus, sumo wrestlers are very specialized fighters who train to win their bouts using good technique, as this is their only means of gaining better privileges in their stables and higher salaries.
Women and sumo
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Through the centuries sumo has had limited female participation. So, starting as early as the 18th century a form of female sumo or onnazumo was performed in some areas of Japan. In the cities it was more of a spectacle often associated with brothels. However, in some areas of Japan female sumo had a serious role in certain Shinto rituals. In later years, there were limited tours of female sumo that lasted for a time. However, female sumo is not considered to be authentic by most Japanese and is now prohibited from taking place in anything but amateur settings.
Professional sumo is notable for its exclusion of women from competition and ceremonies. Women are not allowed to enter or touch the sumo wrestling ring (dohyō), as this is traditionally seen to be a violation of the purity of the dohyō.[24] The female Governor of Osaka from 2000–2008, Fusae Ohta, when called upon to present the Governor's Prize to the champion of the annual Osaka tournament, was required to do so on the walkway beside the ring or send a male representative in her place. She repeatedly challenged the Sumo Association's policy by requesting to be allowed to fulfill her traditional role as Governor. Her requests were repeatedly rejected until she stepped down from office.
The view of those who criticize this continuing "men-only" policy is that it is discriminatory and oppressive.[24] In general, women in the sumo world are only expected to be supportive wives of rikishi, and, in the case that their husband has become a stable master, a surrogate mother for all of his disciples.[3] The view of the Sumo Association is that this is a tradition that has been firmly maintained through the centuries, so it would be a dishonor to all of their ancestors to change it.
Amateur sumo
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Bulgarian amateurs - on the right is the national coach Hristo HristovSumo is also an amateur sport, with participants in college, high school and grade school in Japan. In addition to college and school tournaments, there are also open amateur tournaments. The sport at this level is stripped of most of the ceremony. The most successful amateur wrestlers in Japan (usually college champions) can be allowed to enter professional sumo at makushita (third division) rather than from the very bottom of the ladder. This rank is called makushita tsukedashi, and is currently makushita 10 or 15 depending on the level of amateur success achieved. Many of the current top division wrestlers entered professional sumo by this route. All entry by amateur athletes into the professional ranks is subject to them being young enough (under 23) to satisfy the entry requirements, barring qualification as a makushita tsukedashi (under 25).
There is also an International Sumo Federation, which encourages the sport's development worldwide, including holding international championships. A key aim of the federation is to have Sumo recognized as an Olympic sport. Accordingly, amateur tournaments are divided into weight classes (men: Lightweight up to 187 lb (85 kg) [85 kg], Middleweight up to 253 lb (115 kg) [115 kg], Heavyweight 253+ lb [115+ kg] and Open Weight [unrestricted entry]), and include competitions for female wrestlers (Lightweight up to 143 lb (65 kg) [65 kg], Middleweight up to 176 lb (80 kg) [80 kg], Heavyweight 176+ lb [80+ kg] and Open Weight).
Amateur sumo clubs are gaining in popularity in the United States, with competitions regularly being held in major cities across the country. The US Sumo Open, for example, was held in the Los Angeles Convention Centre in front of 3000. The sport has long been popular on the West Coast and in Hawai'i, where it has played a part in the festivals of the Japanese ethnic communities. Now, however, the sport has grown beyond the sphere of Japanese diaspora and athletes come from a variety of ethnic, cultural and sporting backgrounds.
Amateur sumo is particularly strong in Europe. Many athletes come to the sport from a background in judo, freestyle wrestling, or other grappling sports such as Sambo. Some Eastern European athletes have been successful enough to be scouted into professional sumo in Japan, much like their Japanese amateur counterparts. The most notable of these to date is the Bulgarian Kotooshu, who is the highest ranking foreign wrestler who was formerly an amateur sumo athlete.
Controversies
Edit
Due to the hierarchical structure of the sport, where top ranked wrestlers have great advantages in salary and status over lower ranked wrestlers, speculation about the existence of match-fixing and isolated reports of match fixing have surfaced over the years. Over the years, the Japan Sumo Association repeatedly denied any wrestlers were involved in match-fixing, known as yaocho and even took publishers to court over such allegations.
However, in 2011, it was announced that an investigation had discovered cell phone text messages indicating that some matches had been fixed. Allegedly, 14 wrestlers or stablemasters were involved. In the course of the investigation, several wrestlers eventually admitted to match-fixing for money. As a consequence, the board of directors of the Japan Sumo Association decided in an extraordinary meeting to cancel the March 2011 tournament in Osaka, the first time this had happened since 1946. In all 14 wrestlers were judged guilty of match-fixing, to which most of them admitted involvement. All of the wrestlers judged to be involved were forced to retire.
The Japan Sumo Association's investigative panel stated in May 2011 that match-fixing appears to have been widespread. The panel stated that it would be difficult to discover, however, the full extent of the problem.
Hazing
Edit
It has been well-known and accepted for many years that sumo stables engage in the systematic hazing and physical punishment of young disciples in order to "toughen them up". Stable masters have often been proud to show to the media how they frequently use a shinai to beat those who make mistakes, and elder rikishi are often put in charge of bullying younger ones to keep them in line, for instance, by making them hold heavy objects for long periods of time. However, this system of hazing was widely criticized in late 2007 when it came to light that a 17 year-old-sumo trainee named Takashi Saito from the Tokitsukaze stable had died after a serious bullying incident involving his stablemaster Junichi Yamamoto hitting him in the head with a large beer bottle and fellow rikishi being subsequently ordered to physically abuse him further. The (now ex-) stablemaster and three other wrestlers who were involved were arrested in February 2008, after which Japanese Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda demanded the Sumo Association take steps to ensure such an incident never happens again. In May 2009, Yamamoto was sentenced to six years in jail.
Gambling and Yakuza ties
Edit
On Sunday July 4, 2010, the Japan Sumo Association announced its decision to dismiss the ōzeki Kotomitsuki and the stable master Ōtake for betting on baseball games in a gambling ring run by the Yakuza. At the same time, two stable masters were demoted and an unprecedented 18 wrestlers banned from the July 2010 tournament.
Two months before the announcement, Japan's largest yakuza group, Yamaguchi-gumi, bought 50 prized seats during a tournament so that gangsters were prominently visible during the national broadcast of the match. According to experts, this was an endeavor to cheer up an incarcerated boss. Although there have always been alleged ties between sumo and the yakuza, the sport has suffered from waning public interest and sponsorship during the economic recession, which may have contributed to closer ties to the underworld for financial support.
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Which 1945 film was based on the Noel Coward play ‘Still Life’? | Sumo
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Sumo
Sumo(相撲, sumō) is a competitive contact sport where a wrestler (rikishi) attempts to force another wrestler out of a circular ring (dohyō) or to touch the ground with anything other than the soles of the feet. The sport originated in Japan , the only country where it is practiced professionally. The Japanese consider sumo a gendai budō (a modern Japanese martial art), though the sport has a history spanning many centuries. The sumo tradition is very ancient, and even today the sport includes many ritual elements, such as the use of salt for purification, from the days sumo was used in the Shinto religion. Life as a rikishi is highly regimented, with rules laid down by the Sumo Association. Professional sumo wrestlers are required to live in communal "sumo training stables" known in Japanese as heya where all aspects of their daily lives—from meals to their manner of dress—are dictated by strict tradition.
Origins of sumo
In addition to its use as a trial of strength in combat, it has also been associated with Shinto ritual, and even certain shrines carry out forms of ritual dance where a human is said to wrestle with a kami (a Shinto divine spirit). It was an important ritual at the imperial court. Representatives of each province were ordered to attend the contest at the court and fight. They were required to pay for their travels themselves. The contest was known as sumai no sechie, or "sumai party."
Over the rest of Japanese recorded history, sumo's popularity has changed according to the whims of its rulers and the need for its use as a training tool in periods of civil strife. The form of wrestling combat probably changed gradually into one where the main aim in victory was to throw one's opponent. The concept of pushing one's opponent out of a defined area came some time later.
Also, it is believed that a ring, defined as something other than simply the area given to the wrestlers by spectators, came into being in the 16th century as a result of a tournament organized by the then principal warlord in Japan, Oda Nobunaga. At this point wrestlers would wear loose loincloths, rather than the much stiffer mawashi of today. During the Edo period, wrestlers would wear a fringed kesho-mawashi during the bout, whereas today these are worn only during pre-tournament rituals. Most of the rest of the current forms within the sport developed in the early Edo period.
Professional sumo(大相撲, ōzumō) can trace its roots back to the Edo Period in Japan as a form of sporting entertainment. The original wrestlers were probably samurai , often ronin, who needed to find an alternative form of income. Current professional sumo tournaments began in the Tomioka Hachiman Shrine in 1684, and then were held in the Ekō-in in the Edo period. They have been held in the Ryōgoku Kokugikan since 1909, though the Kuramae Kokugikan had been used for the tournaments in the post-war years until 1984.
Nations adjacent to Japan, sharing many cultural traditions, also feature styles of traditional wrestling that bear resemblance to sumo. Notable examples include Mongolian wrestling, Chinese Shuai jiao (摔角), and Korean Ssireum. Examples of Chinese art from 220 BCE show the wrestlers stripped to the waist and their bodies pressed shoulder to shoulder.
Winning a sumo bout
The winner of a sumo bout is either: The first wrestler to force his opponent to step out of the ring.
The first wrestler to force his opponent to touch the ground with any part of his body other than the bottom of his feet.
On rare occasions the referee or judges may award the win to the wrestler who touched the ground first; this happens if both wrestlers touch the ground at nearly the same time and it is decided that the wrestler who touched the ground second had no chance of winning as, due to the superior sumo of his opponent, he was already in an irrecoverable position. The losing wrestler is referred to as being shini-tai (“dead body”) in this case
There are also a number of other rarely used rules that can be used to determine the winner. For example a wrestler using an illegal technique (or kinjite) automatically loses, as does one whose mawashi (or belt) becomes completely undone. A wrestler failing to turn up for his bout (including through a prior injury) also automatically loses (fusenpai). After the winner is declared, an off-stage gyōji (or referee) determines the kimarite (or winning technique) used in the bout, which is then announced to the audience.
Matches often last only a few seconds, as usually one wrestler is quickly ousted from the circle or thrown to the ground. However, they can occasionally last for several minutes. Each match is preceded by an elaborate ceremonial ritual . The wrestlers themselves are renowned for their great girth, as body mass is often a winning factor in sumo, though with skill, smaller wrestlers can topple far larger opponents.
The wrestling ring (dohyō)
Sumo matches take place in a dohyō (土俵): a ring, 4.55 metres in diameter and 16.26 square meters in area, of rice-straw bales on top of a platform made of clay mixed with sand. A new dohyō is built for each tournament by the yobidashi. At the center are two white lines, the shikiri-sen, behind which the wrestlers position themselves at the start of the bout. A roof resembling that of a Shinto shrine may be suspended over the dohyō.
Professional sumo
Professional sumo is organized by the Japan Sumo Association. The members of the association, called oyakata, are all former wrestlers, and are the only people entitled to train new wrestlers. All practicing wrestlers are members of a training stable (heya) run by one of the oyakata, who is the stablemaster for the wrestlers under him. Currently there are 54 training stables for about 700 wrestlers.
All sumo wrestlers take wrestling names called shikona (しこ名), which may or may not be related to their real names. Often wrestlers have little choice in their name, which is given to them by their trainer (or stablemaster), or by a supporter or family member who encouraged them into the sport. This is particularly true of foreign-born wrestlers. A wrestler may change his wrestling name several times during his sumo career. The current trend is for more wrestlers, particularly native Japanese, to keep their own name rather than change it.
Sumo wrestling is a strict hierarchy based on sporting merit. The wrestlers are ranked according to a system that dates back hundreds of years, to the Edo period. Wrestlers are promoted or demoted according to their previous performance, and a carefully prepared banzuke listing the full hierarchy is published two weeks prior to each sumo tournament.
Sumo divisions
There are six divisions in sumo: makuuchi (maximum 42 wrestlers), jūryō (fixed at 28 wrestlers), makushita (fixed at 120 wrestlers), sandanme (fixed at 200 wrestlers), jonidan (approximately 230 wrestlers), and jonokuchi (approximately 80 wrestlers). Wrestlers enter sumo in the lowest jonokuchi division and, ability permitting, work their way up to the top division. Wrestlers in the top two divisions are known as sekitori, while lower division wrestlers are generally referred to by the generic term for wrestlers, rikishi.
The topmost makuuchi division receives the most attention from fans and has the most complex hierarchy. The majority of wrestlers are maegashira and are numbered from one (at the top) down to about sixteen or seventeen. Above the maegashira are the three champion or titleholder ranks, called the sanyaku. These are, in ascending order, komusubi, sekiwake, and ōzeki. At the pinnacle of the ranking system is the rank of yokozuna.
Yokozuna, or grand champions, are generally expected to compete for and to win the top division tournament title on a regular basis. Hence the promotion criteria for yokozuna are very strict. In general, an ōzeki must win the championship for two consecutive tournaments or an "equivalent performance" to be considered for promotion to yokozuna.
Exhibition competitions are held at regular intervals every year in Japan, and approximately once every two years the top ranked wrestlers visit a foreign country for such exhibitions. None of these displays are taken into account in determining a wrestler's future rank. Rank is determined only by performance in Grand Sumo Tournaments (or honbasho), which are described in more detail below.
Foreign participation
Professional sumo is practiced exclusively in Japan, but wrestlers of other nationalities participate. There are currently 55 wrestlers officially listed as foreigners. In July 2007, there were 19 foreigners in the top two divisions, an all-time record, and for the first time, a majority of wrestlers in the top sanyaku ranks were from overseas.
A Japanese-American, Toyonishiki, and the Korean-born Rikidōzan achieved sekitori status prior to World War II, but neither were officially listed as foreigners. The first non-Asian to achieve fame and fortune in sumo was Hawaii -born Takamiyama. He reached the top division in 1968 and in 1972 became the first foreigner to win the top division championship. He was followed by fellow Hawaii-born Konishiki, the first foreigner to reach the rank of ōzeki in 1987; and the native Hawaiian Akebono, who became the first foreign-born yokozuna in 1993. Musashimaru, born in Samoa but from Hawaii, became the second foreigner to reach sumo's top rank in 1999. Both of the current yokozuna, Asashōryū and Hakuhō, are Mongolian . They are among a group of Mongolian wrestlers who have achieved success in the upper ranks. Wrestlers from Eastern Europe countries such as Georgia and Russia have also found success in the upper levels of sumo. In 2005 Kotoōshū from Bulgaria became the first wrestler of European birth to attain the ōzeki ranking and the first to win a top division championship. Until relatively recently, the Japan Sumo Association had no restrictions at all on the number of foreigners allowed in professional sumo. In May 1992, shortly after the Ōshima stable had recruited six Mongolians at the same time, the Sumo Association's new director Dewanoumi, the former yokozuna Sadanoyama, announced that he was considering limiting the number of overseas recruits per stable and in sumo overall. There was no official ruling, but no stable recruited any foreigners for the next six years. This unofficial ban was then relaxed, but only two new foreigners per stable were allowed, until the total number reached 40. Then in 2002, a one foreigner per stable policy was officially adopted. (The ban was not retroactive, so foreigners recruited before the changes were unaffected). Though the move has been met with criticism, there are no plans to relax the restrictions at this time. However, it is possible for a place in a heya to be opened up if a foreign born wrestler acquires Japanese citizenship. This occurred when Hisanoumi changed his nationality from Tongan at the end of 2006, allowing another Tongan to enter his stable, and Kyokutenhō's change of citizenship allowed Ōshima stable to recruit Mongolian Kyokushuho in May 2007.
Professional sumo tournaments
There are six Grand Sumo tournaments (or honbasho) each year: three at The Sumo Hall (or Ryōgoku Kokugikan) in Ryōgoku, Tokyo (January, May, and September), and one each in Osaka (March), Nagoya (July) and Fukuoka (November). Each tournament begins on a Sunday and runs for 15 days, ending also on a Sunday. Each wrestler in the top two divisions (sekitori) has one match per day, while the lower ranked rikishi compete in seven bouts, approximately one every two days.
Each day is structured so the highest-ranked contestants compete at the end of the day. Thus, wrestling will start in the morning with the jonokuchi wrestlers and end at around six o'clock in the evening with bouts involving the yokozuna, or the ōzeki in the case of the yokozuna's absence. The wrestler who wins the most matches over the fifteen days wins the tournament championship (yūshō). If two wrestlers are tied for the top, they wrestle each other and the winner takes the title. Three-way ties for the top position are rare, at least in the top division. In these cases the three wrestle each other in pairs with the first to win two in a row taking the tournament. More complex systems for championship playoffs involving four or more wrestlers also exist, but these are usually only seen in determining the winner of one of the lower divisions.
The matchups for each day of the tournament are announced a day in advance. They are determined by oyakata (or sumo elders) who are members of the judging division of the Sumo Association. As there are many more wrestlers in each division than matchups during the tournament each wrestler will only compete against a selection of opponents, mostly from the same division. With the exception of the sanyaku ranked wrestlers the first bouts tend to be between wrestlers who are within a couple of ranks of each other. Afterwards the selection of opponents takes into account a wrestler's prior performance. For example in the lower divisions the last matchups often involve undefeated wrestlers competing against each other, even if they are from opposite ends of the division. In the top division in the last few days wrestlers with exceptional records will often have matches against much more highly ranked opponents, including sanyaku wrestlers, especially if they are still in the running for the top division championship. Similarly more highly ranked wrestlers with very poor records may find themselves fighting wrestlers much further down the division. For the yokozuna and ōzeki the first week and a half of the tournament tends to be taken up with bouts against the top maegashira, the komusubi and sekiwake, with the bouts between them being concentrated into the last five days or so of the tournament (depending on the number of top ranked wrestlers competing). It is traditional that on the final day the last three bouts of the tournament are between the top six ranked wrestlers, with the top two competing in the very final matchup, unless injuries during the tournament prevent this.
There are certain match-ups that are prohibited in regular tournament play. Wrestlers who are from the same training stable cannot compete against each other, nor can wrestlers who are brothers, even if they join different stables. The one exception to this rule being that training stable partners and brothers can face each other in a championship deciding playoff match.
Bout preparation
A top division wrestler will arrive at the stadium in the afternoon and enter the changing room. There are 'East' and 'West' rooms so competing wrestlers do not meet their opponents of the day prior to the match. The wrestler will change first into his kesho-mawashi, an ornate, embroidered silk 'apron', which he will wear during the ring entering ceremony, or dohyō-iri. There are four dohyō-iri on each day, two for jūryō and two for makuuchi division wrestlers. In each case there is a procession of those in the east changing room and one for those in the west. During the ceremony the wrestlers are introduced to the crowd one by one in ascending rank order and form a circle around the ring facing outwards. Once the highest ranked wrestler is introduced they turn inwards and perform a brief ritual before filing off and returning to their changing rooms. Yokozuna have a separate, more elaborate dohyō-iri; see yokozuna.
Once in the changing room the wrestlers change into their fighting mawashi and await their bouts. The wrestlers reenter the arena two bouts prior to their own and sit down at the side of the ring. There are no weight divisions in sumo, and considering the range of body weights in sumo, an individual wrestler can sometimes face an opponent twice his own weight. When it is their turn they will be called into the ring by a yobidashi (announcer) and they will mount the dohyō.
On mounting the dohyō the wrestler performs a number of rituals derived from Shinto practice. Facing the audience, he claps his hands and then performs the leg-stomping shiko exercise to drive evil spirits from the dohyō as the gyōji, or referee, who will coordinate the bout announces the wrestlers' names once more. Stepping out of the ring into their corners, each wrestler is given a ladleful of water, the chikara-mizu ("power water"), with which he rinses out his mouth; and a paper tissue, the chikara-gami ("power paper"), to dry his lips. Then both step back into the ring, squat facing each other, clap their hands, then spread them wide (traditionally to show they have no weapons). Returning to their corners, they each pick up a handful of salt which they toss onto the ring to purify it.
Finally the wrestlers crouch down at the shikiri-sen, or starting lines, each trying to stare the other down. When both wrestlers place both fists on the ground on or behind the shikiri-sen, they spring from their crouch for the tachi-ai (the initial charge). In the upper divisions, they almost never charge on the first occasion. Instead, after staring they return to their corners for more mental preparation. More salt is thrown whenever they step back into the ring. This can happen a number of times (about three, or even more in the case of the highest ranks) until on the last occasion the referee informs them they must start the bout. The total length of time for this preparation is around four minutes for the top division wrestlers, but in the lower divisions they are expected to start more or less immediately.
A professional sumo bout
At the tachi-ai both wrestlers must jump up from the crouch simultaneously at the start of the bout, and the referee can restart the bout if this does not occur. Upon completion of the bout, the referee must immediately designate his decision by pointing his gunbai or war-fan towards the winning side. The referee's decision is not final and may be disputed by the five shimpan (judges) seated around the ring. If this happens they will meet in the center of the ring to hold a mono-ii (lit: a talk about things). After reaching a consensus they can uphold or reverse the referee's decision or order a rematch, known as a torinaoshi. The wrestlers will then return to their starting positions and bow to each other before retiring. A winning wrestler may receive additional prize money in envelopes from the referee if the matchup has been sponsored. If a yokozuna is defeated by a lower ranked wrestler, it is common and expected for audience members to throw their seat cushions into the ring (and onto the wrestlers), though this practice is technically prohibited.
In contrast to the time in bout preparation, bouts are typically very short, usually less than a minute, and often only a few seconds. Extremely rarely a bout can go on for many minutes (up to four minutes), in which case the referee may call a mizu-iri or "water break". The wrestlers are carefully separated, have a brief break and then return to the exact position they left off in. It is the referee's responsibility to reposition the wrestlers. If after four more minutes they are still deadlocked they may have a second break, after which they start from the very beginning. Further deadlock with no end of the bout in sight can lead to a draw (hikiwake), an extremely rare result in modern sumo. The last draw in the top division was in September 1974.
The last day of the tournament is called senshuraku, which literally means the pleasure of a thousand autumns. This colorful name for the culmination of the tournament echoes the words of the playwright Zeami to represent the excitement of the decisive bouts and the celebration of the victor. The Emperor's Cup is presented to the wrestler who wins the top division (makuuchi) championship. Numerous other (mostly sponsored) prizes are also awarded to him. These prizes are often rather elaborate, ornate gifts, such as giant cups, decorative plates, and statuettes. Others are obviously commercial, such as one trophy shaped like a giant Coca-Cola bottle.
Promotion and relegation are determined by a wrestler's score over the 15 days. The term kachikoshi indicates a record having more wins than losses, as opposed to makekoshi, which indicates more losses than wins. In the top division, kachikoshi means a score of 8–7 or better, while makekoshi means a score of 7–8 or worse. A wrestler who achieves kachikoshi will almost always be promoted further up the ladder, the level of promotion being higher for better scores. See the makuuchi article for more details on promotion and relegation.
A top division wrestler who is not an ozeki or yokozuna and who finishes the tournament with kachikoshi is also eligible to be considered for one of the three sanshō prizes awarded for "technique" (ginōshō), "fighting spirit" (kantōshō), and for the defeating the most yokozuna and ozeki (shukunshō), sometimes referred to as "outstanding performance".
Please see the list of sumo tournament winners for an overview of the yūshō winners since 1909.
Life as a professional sumo wrestler
A sumo wrestler leads a highly regimented way of life. The Sumo Association prescribes the behavior of its wrestlers in some detail. For example, in the wake of a serious car accident involving a wrestler the Association banned wrestlers from driving their own cars. Breaking the rules can result in fines and/or suspension, not only for the offending wrestler, but also for his stablemaster.
On entering sumo, they are expected to grow their hair long to form a topknot, or chonmage, similar to the samurai hairstyles of the Edo Period. Furthermore they are expected to wear the chonmage and traditional Japanese dress when in public. Consequently, sumo wrestlers can be identified immediately when in public.
The type and quality of the dress depends on the wrestler's rank. Rikishi in jonidan and below are allowed to wear only a thin cotton robe called a yukata, even in winter. Furthermore, when outside they must wear a form of wooden sandals called geta that make a clip-clop sound as one walks in them. Wrestlers in the makushita and sandanme divisions can wear a form of traditional short overcoat over their yukata and are allowed to wear straw sandals, called zōri. The sekitori can wear silk robes of their own choice and the quality of the garb is significantly improved. They also are expected to wear a more elaborate form of topknot called an ōichō (lit. big ginkgo leaf) on formal occasions.
Similar distinctions are made in stable life. The junior rikishi must get up earliest, around 5 a.m., for training whereas the sekitori may start around 7 a.m. When the sekitori are training the junior rikishi may have chores to do, such as assisting in cooking the lunch, cleaning and preparing the bath, or holding a sekitori's towel for him for when he needs it. The ranking hierarchy is preserved for the order of precedence in bathing after training, and in eating lunch.
Rikishi are not normally allowed to eat breakfast and are expected to have a form of siesta after a large lunch. The most common type of lunch served is the traditional "sumo meal" of chankonabe which consists of a simmering stew cooked at table which contains various fish, meat, and vegetables. It is usually eaten with rice and washed down with beer. This regimen of no breakfast and a large lunch followed by a sleep helps rikishi put on weight so as to compete more effectively.
In the afternoon the junior rikishi will again usually have cleaning or other chores to do, while their sekitori counterparts may relax, or deal with work issues related to their fan clubs. Younger rikishi will also attend classes, although their education differs from the typical curriculum of their non-sumo peers. In the evening sekitori may go out with their sponsors while juniors stay at home in the stable, unless they are to accompany the stablemaster or a sekitori as his manservant (or tsukebito) when he is out (this is normally a more privileged role given to a rikishi who may be nearing sekitori status himself). Becoming a tsukebito (or personal assistant) for a senior member of the stable is a typical chore. A sekitori will have many tsukebito, with the most junior responsible for cleaning and other mundane tasks. Only the most senior tsukebito will accompany the sekitori when he goes out.
The sekitori also are given their own room in the stable or, may live in their own apartments. In contrast, the junior rikishi sleep in communal dormitories. Thus the world of the sumo wrestler is split broadly between the junior rikishi, who serve, and the sekitori, who are served. Life is especially harsh for new recruits, to whom the worst jobs tend to be allocated, and there is a high dropout rate at this stage.
The negative effects of the sumo lifestyle become dangerously apparent later in life. Sumo wrestlers have a life expectancy of between 60 and 65, more than 10 years shorter than the average Japanese male. They often develop diabetes , high blood pressure , and are prone to heart attacks . The excessive intake of alcohol can lead to liver problems and the stress on their joints can cause arthritis . Recently, the standards of weight gain are becoming less strict, in an effort to improve the overall health of the wrestlers. The average height of sumo wrestlers is around 180 cm (5' 10 " ).
Salary and payment
As of 2006, the monthly salary figures for makuuchi (in Japanese Yen) were: yokozuna: 2,820,000 or about $30,500 USD
ōzeki: 2,347,000 or about $25,000 USD
sanyaku: 1,693,000 or about $18,000 USD
maegashira: 1,309,000 or about $14,000 USD
jūryō: 1,036,000 or about $11,000 USD
Wrestlers lower than Juryo, who are considered to be trainees, do not receive a salary, but only a fairly small allowance.
In addition to the basic salary, sekitori wrestlers also receive additional bonus income, called mochikyukin, six times a year (once every tournament, or basho) based on the cumulative performance in their career to date. This bonus increases every time that the rikishi scores a kachikoshi (with larger kachikoshi giving larger raises.) Special increases in this bonus are also awarded for winning the top division championship (with an extra large increase for a "perfect" championship victory with no losses), and also for scoring a kinboshi (an upset of a yokozuna by a maegashira).
Sanyaku wrestlers also receive a relatively small additional tournament allowance, depending on their rank, and yokozuna receive an additional allowance every second tournament, associated with the making of a new tsuna.
There is also prize money for the winner of each divisional championship, which increases from 100,000 yen for a jonokuchi victory up to 10,000,000 yen for winning the top division. For wrestlers in the top division giving an exceptional performance in the eyes of a judging panel there are also three special prizes (the sansho) which are worth 2,000,000 yen each.
Individual top division matches can also be sponsored by companies. In such cases the winner of the bout typically receives around 30,000 yen net per sponsor (out of the sponsors contribution of 60,000 yen—much of the remainder goes in paying the wrestler's tax on the prize). These bout prizes are called kenshokin. For bouts involving yokozuna and ozeki the number of sponsors of the matchup can be quite large, whereas for lower ranked matchups there may be no bout sponsors at all unless one of the wrestlers is particularly popular, or unless a company has a policy of sponsoring all his matchups. No bout prize money is awarded for a bout decided by a fusensho (forfeit victory).
Sumo and Shinto
Shinto has historically been used as a means for Japanese nationalism and ethnic identity, especially prior to the end of World War II . It has served to symbolize and provide a sense of belonging, to identify and unify the Japanese people culturally, and to serve as a barrier demarcating the Japanese from other peoples, providing them with a sense of cultural uniqueness. In its association with Shinto, sumo has also been seen as a bulwark of Japanese tradition.
Shinto ritual pervades every aspect of sumo. Before a tournament, two of the gyōji functioning as Shinto priests enact a ritual to consecrate the newly-constructed dohyō, and various Shinto rituals are associated even with the practice dohyō at heya. Both the dohyō-iri, or ring-entering ceremonies performed by the top two divisions before the start of their wrestling day, and in the rituals performed by both combatants immediately before a bout, are derived from Shinto. It retains other Shinto associations as well. The yokozuna's ring-entering ceremony is regarded as a purification ritual in its own right, and is occasionally performed at Shinto shrines for this purpose. Every newly-promoted yokozuna performs his first ring-entering ceremony at the Meiji Shrine in Tokyo.
Controversies
Match-fixing
Due to the amount of money changing hands depending on rank, and prize money, there have been accusations of yaocho (corruption, bout-fixing) in sumo from time to time. In The Joy of Sumo: A Fan's Notes (Charles E. Tuttle, 1991) David Benjamin analyzed yaochumo in a chapter entitled "Tank This One for the Gipper". Benjamin determined that over a span of ten basho in the years 1989 and 1990, wrestlers who entered the final day with records of 7-7 emerged with an unlikely winning percentage of .813 (39-9). In his book, Benjamin offers further evidence of cheating in sumo, but his analysis of Day 15, "The Last-Day Blues," represents the first effort to demonstrate statistically that rikishi almost certainly trade favors late in sumo tournaments to facilitate the all-important goal of kachi-koshi, having more wins than losses in a tournament.
In 2002, Steven Levitt and Mark Duggan replicated and expanded upon Benjamin's research, although not crediting The Joy of Sumo. They published a paper using econometrics in order to prove that corruption in sumo exists. Popularized in Levitt's book Freakonomics, the study found that 70% of wrestlers with 7–7 records on the final day of the tournament (i.e., seven wins and seven losses, and one fight to go) won. The percentage was found to rise the more times the two wrestlers had met, and decrease when the wrestler was due to retire. The study found that the 7–7 wrestler wins around 80% of the time when statistics suggest they have a probability of winning only 48.7% of the time against their opponent. Like Benjamin, the authors conclude that those who already have 8 wins collude with those who are 7–7 and let them win, since they have already secured their ranking.
A possible counter-argument to the Freakonomics conclusion is that a 7–7 rikishi is highly motivated to win his last match to gain promotion, rather than demotion, while the 8–6 rikishi has already guaranteed his promotion, so is not as motivated. The authors revealed a more damning statistic, however. According to their research, the next tournament in which the two wrestlers met, there was a significant advantage to the 8–6 wrestler over the 7–7, regardless of the performance of either wrestler. The 7–7 wrestler would win only 40% percent of the rematches with the 8–6 wrestler. The authors suggest that winning 80% in the first match and then only 40% in the rematch (and back to the expected 50% in subsequent matches) between the same wrestlers suggest a rigging of the bouts. Additionally, the authors find that after allegations of rigging by the media, 7–7 wrestlers won only 50% of their matches against 8–6 wrestlers instead of 80%.
Gender issues
Other ongoing criticisms towards professional sumo revolve around its general exclusion of women from competition and ceremonies. Women are not allowed to enter or touch the sumo wrestling ring (dohyō), as this is traditionally seen to be a violation of the purity of the dohyō. The female Governor of Osaka from 2000-2008, Fusae Ohta, when called upon to present the Governor's Prize to the champion of the annual Osaka tournament, was required to do so on the walkway beside the ring or send a male representative in her place. She repeatedly challenged the Sumo Association's policy by requesting to be allowed to fulfill her traditional role as Governor. Her requests were repeatedly rejected until she stepped down from office. Additionally, female-based sumo, even though it is practiced in areas of the West, is not considered to be authentic by most Japanese and is prohibited from taking place in anything but amateur settings.
The view of those who criticize this continuing "men-only" policy in sumo is that it is discriminatory and oppressive. In general, women in the Sumo world are only expected to be supportive wives of rikishi, and, in the case that their husband has become a stable master, a surrogate mother for all of his disciples. The view of the Sumo Association is that this is a tradition that has been firmly maintained through the centuries, so it would be a dishonor to all of their ancestors to change it.
The only noted case of a woman stepping onto a dohyō in recent times during a nationally televised tournament occurred on September 19, 2007. On this day the woman in question approached the dohyō carrying several large sheets of paper only to be stopped by a female security guard. After the woman pushed her aside, she managed to climb onto the dohyō before popular rikishi Takamisakari, ring-side judge Nishikido, and attendants managed to pull her away. When questioned the woman appeared incoherent.
Sumo for women has been tried but has proved unpopular. [http://www.puroresu.com/articles/womens.html Japanese Women Learning Real Fast]
Hazing
It has been well-known and accepted for many years that sumo stables engage in the systematic hazing and physical punishment of young disciples in order to "toughen them up". Stable masters have often been proud to show to the media how they frequently use a shinai to beat up on those who make mistakes, and elder rikishi are often put in charge of bullying younger ones to keep them in line, for instance, by making them hold heavy objects for long periods of time. However, this system of hazing was widely criticized in late 2007 when it came to light that a 17 year-old-sumo trainee named Takashi Saito from the Tokitsukaze stable had died after a serious bullying incident involving his stablemaster Junichi Yamamoto hitting him in the head with a large beer bottle and fellow rikishi being subsequently ordered to physically abuse him further. The (now ex-)stablemaster and three other wrestlers who were involved were arrested in February 2008, after which Japanese Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda demanded the Sumo Association take steps to ensure such an incident never happens again.
Memorabilia
As with many sports, there are a wide variety of souvenirs and memorabilia that fans may acquire. Fans purchasing box seats or front row seats usually purchase the tickets through so-called tea houses, which provide sumo related items in a package that includes the purchase of the ticket. This sort of memorabilia can also be purchased separately. Plates, and cups with sumo related themes are a common item. One of the more unusual items that can be purchased is the tegata (lit. hand shape) of the wrestlers of whom one is a fan—the sumo version of an autograph. Tegata consist of a hand print of the wrestler using black or red ink accompanied by his fighting name written in calligraphic style by the wrestler himself. Original tegata can be quite expensive, but printed copies of the most popular wrestlers can be obtained very inexpensively. Only wrestlers in the top two jūryō and makuuchi divisions are permitted to make them. Another popular collectible is a copy of the banzuke for a tournament. A banzuke is a document that has been meticulously handwritten in calligraphic script and lists every wrestler who participates in a tournament in order of rank.
Sumo in contrast to other Eastern martial arts
Sumo, while considered a martial art, diverges from the typical Eastern style both at the surface and at its heart. Whereas most martial arts award promotions through time and practice, sumo ranks can be gained and lost every two months in the official tournaments. Conversely, in more common Japanese martial arts (such as karate ), ranks are gained after passing a single test, and practitioners of karate are not normally demoted, even after repeated poor performances at tournaments. This divergence from other martial arts creates a high-pressure, high-intensity environment for sumo wrestlers. All the benefits that sekitori wrestlers receive can be taken from them if they fail to maintain a high level of achievement in each official tournament.
Furthermore, sumo does not provide any means of achievement besides the official tournaments. Rank is determined solely by winning records during an official tournament. On the other hand, in many other Eastern martial arts, competitors can display their skill by performing standard routines, called kata or forms, to receive recognition. Thus, sumo wrestlers are very specialized fighters who train to win their bouts using good technique, as this is their only means of gaining better privileges in their stables and higher salaries.
Amateur sumo
Sumo is also an amateur sport, with participants in college, high school and grade school in Japan. In addition to college and school tournaments, there are also open amateur tournaments. The sport at this level is stripped of most of the ceremony. The most successful amateur wrestlers in Japan (usually college champions) can be allowed to enter professional sumo at makushita (third division) rather than from the very bottom of the ladder. This rank is called makushita tsukedashi, and is currently makushita 10. Many of the current top division wrestlers entered professional sumo by this route. All entry by amateur athletes into the professional ranks is subject to them being young enough (23 or under) to satisfy the entry requirements.
The sport is very popular among young children, especially those who are considered to be overweight, or whose father also participates in sumo. It is generally seen as an advantage if a child is obese, their oversized body mass allows them to better stabilize themselves and take down their opponent.
There is also an International Sumo Federation, which encourages the sport's development worldwide, including holding international championships. A key aim of the federation is to have Sumo recognized as an Olympic sport. Accordingly, amateur tournaments are divided into weight classes (men: Lightweight up to 187 lb (85 kg) [85 kg], Middleweight up to 253 lb (115 kg) [115 kg], Heavyweight 253+ lb [115+ kg] and Open Weight [unrestricted entry]), and include competitions for female wrestlers (Lightweight up to 143 lb (65 kg) [65 kg], Middleweight up to 176 lb (80 kg) [80 kg], Heavyweight 176+ lb [80+ kg] and Open Weight).
Amateur sumo clubs are gaining in popularity in the United States, with competitions regularly being held in major cities across the country. The sport has long been popular on the West Coast and in Hawai'i, where it has played a part in the festivals of the Japanese ethnic communities. Now, however, the sport has grown beyond the sphere of Japanese diaspora and athletes come from a variety of ethnic, cultural and sporting backgrounds.
Amateur sumo is particularly strong in Europe. Many athletes come to the sport from a background in judo , freestyle wrestling, or other grappling sports such as Sambo. Some Eastern European athletes have been successful enough to be scouted into professional sumo in Japan, much like their Japanese amateur counterparts. The most proficient of these to date is the Bulgarian Kotooshu, who is the highest ranking foreign wrestler who was formerly an amateur sumo athlete. (Wikipedia)
| i don't know |
Which former English cricketer is nicknamed ‘The Cat’? | CRICKET PLAYERS & NICKNAMES ... endless! by Chinaroad
Australia's 1948 tour of England � The Invincibles
Australian national cricket team � Baggy Greens
Bangladeshi national cricket team � The Tigers
Canadian national cricket team � One Man Band
New Zealand national cricket team � The Black Caps, The Kiwis
South African national cricket team � The Proteas
West Indian national cricket team � The Windies, The Calypsos
Indian national cricket team � The Men in Blue
Pakistani national cricket team� The Stars
Officials, umpires and commentators
Harold Bird � Dickie Bird
Henry Blofeld � Blowers
Brent Bowden � Billy
Steve Bucknor � Slow Death
Bill Ferguson � Fergie
Bill Frindall � The Bearded Wonder
Brian Johnston � Johnners
Christopher Martin-Jenkins � CMJ
Don Mosey � The Alderman
David Shepherd � Shep
Bryan Waddle � Wads
Players
Bobby Abel � The Guv'nor
Jimmy Adams � Padams
Paul Adams � Gogga ("insect" in Afrikaans), A frog in a blender (for his unusual bowling action)
Ajit Agarkar � Bombay Duck (for his horror streak of ducks against Australia)
Jonathan Agnew � Aggers
Shoaib Akhtar � Rawalpindi Express
Wasim Akram � Prince of Pakistan, Was, Sultan of Swing
Terry Alderman � Clem (after Clem Jones, mayor of Brisbane, curator of Gabba and an alderman)
Mark Alleyne � BooBoo
Mohinder Amarnath � Jimmy, Amarnought
Surinder Amarnath � Tommy
Warwick Armstrong � the Big Ship
Jason Arnberger � Cheesy
Geoff Arnold � Horse
Shahid Afridi � The Boom
Michael Atherton � Athers
B
Trevor Bailey � The Boil, Barnacle
Omari Banks � Bankie, Cowheb
Richie Benaud � Diamonds
Tino Best � The Best, Ntini
Michael Bevan � Bevvo
Andrew Bichel � Bic
Jack Blackham � Black Jack
David Boon � Boonie, Keg on Legs, Stumpy
Allan Border � A.B., Captain Grumpy
Ian Botham � Beefy,The Both,Guy
Mark Boucher � Guinness, Billy
Nicky Boje � Bodge
Nathan Bracken � Bracks
Don Bradman � The Don
Ian Bell � Belly, the team baby
C
Andy Caddick � Caddyshack
Chris Cairns � B.A. (Bad Attitude)
Shivnarine Chanderpaul � Tiger
Ian Chappell � Chapelli
Ewen Chatfield � Chats, Farmer (Mer) or The Naenae Express
Stuart Clark � Sarfraz, Stu
Michael Clarke � Pup
Paul Collingwood � Nice Ginger, Colly
Herbie Collins � Horseshoe
Corey Collymore � Screw
Jeremy Coney � Mantis
Colin Cowdrey � Kipper
Jeff Crowe � Chopper
Martin Crowe � Hogan
D
Adam Dale � Chipper
Joe Darling � Paddy
Phillip DeFreitas � Half-Chocolate, Daffy
Aravinda de Silva � Mad Max
Fanie de Villiers � Vinnige Fanie ("Fast Fanie" in Afrikaans)
Kapil Dev � The Haryana Express
Mahendra Singh Dhoni � Mahi
Graham Dilley � Pica
Boeta Dippenaar � Dipps
Allan Donald � White Lightning
Brett Dorey � Hunky, John
J.W.H.T. Douglas � Johnny Won't Hit Today
Rahul Dravid � Jammy, The Wall
E
Bruce Edgar � Bootsy
F
Damien Fleming � Flemo
Stephen Fleming � Flange
Duncan Fletcher � Fletch
Keith Fletcher � The Gnome of Essex
Andrew Flintoff � Freddy, Twiggy, Fred, family man
James Foster � The Child
Graeme Fowler � Foxy
C. B. Fry � Lord Oxford, Charles III, Almighty
G
Saurav Ganguly � Maharaj, Prince of Calcutta, Dada, Bengal Tiger
Joel Garner � Big Bird
Sunil Gavaskar � Sunny, The Little Master
Chris Gayle � Cramps, Crampy
Herschelle Gibbs � Scooter, The Sack Man
Adam Gilchrist � Churchy, Gilly, The Demolition Man
Ashley Giles � Ash, the King of Spain
Jason Gillespie � Dizzy
Darren Gough � Rhino, Goughy, the Dazzler, Dancing Darren
E. M. Grace � The Coroner
W.G. Grace � The Doctor
Mark Greatbatch � Paddy
Clarrie Grimmett � The Old Fox, Grum
Subhash Gupte � Fergie
H
Brad Haddin � BJ, Harry, Guildo
Richard Hadlee � Paddles
Andrew Hall � Brosh, Merv, Hally
Stephen Harmison � Harmy (or Harmi), Tinker, GBH (Grievous Bodily Harmison)
Chris Harris � Harry, Lugs
Ian Harvey � Freak
Nathan Hauritz � Horry
Matthew Hayden � Haydos, Unit
Nantie Hayward � Wayward Hayward
George Headley � Black Bradman
Ian Healy � Heals
Hunter Hendry � Stork
Paul Hitchcock � Alfred
Jack Hobbs � The Master
Brad Hogg� George, Hoggy, The Postman
Matthew Hoggard � Hoggy, Shrek
Michael Holding � Whispering Death
Bob Holland � Dutchy
Albert Hornby � Monkey
James Hopes � Hopesy, Jimbo, Catfish
Merv Hughes � Fruitfly, Swerve, Swerv'n Merv'n
Simon Hughes � Yozzer
Nasser Hussain � Nass (by the commentators)
Michael Hussey � The Huss, Mr Cricket
I
Inzamam ul Haq � Aloo (potato), Inzy
Bert Ironmonger � Dainty
J
Ridley Jacobs � Ras Bell, Riddler
Sanath Jayasuriya � The Matara Mauler
Gilbert Jessop � The Croucher
Dean Jones � Deano, Legend (nickname he gave to himself).
Sylvester Joseph � Bouncing
K
Mohammed Kaif � Kaifu
Jacques Kallis � Kalahari, Jackes
Danish Kaneria � Nani Dani
Michael Kasprowicz � Kasper
Simon Katich � Stiffler, Kat
Justin Kemp � Daryll (Shane Warne's sledging)
Imran Khan � The Lion of Lahore, The King of Swing
Michael Klinger � Maxy
Lance Klusener � Zulu
Anil Kumble � Jumbo
L
Justin Langer � BNG, Brown Nose Gnome, Alf
Charl Langeveldt � Langes
Brian Lara � The Prince
Gavin Larsen � The Postman (apparently he always delivered!)
Harold Larwood � Lol
Bill Lawry � Phantom, Phanta, The corpse with pads on (he loved Phantom comics)
Geoff Lawson � Henry
VVS Laxman � Very Very Special
Brett Lee � Bing, Oswald
Warren Lees � Wally
Darren Lehmann � Boof, Shrek
Henry Leveson-Gower � Shrimp
Dennis Lillee � D.K., F.O.T (F*****g Old Tart)
Denis Lindsay � Sporty
Clive Lloyd � Super Cat
David Lloyd � Bumble
Martin Love � Lovey, Pumper
M
Charles Macartney � Governor-General
Stuart MacGill � Stuey, Magilla
Ken Mackay � Slasher
Jimmy Maher � Mahbo
Ashley Mallett � Rowdy
Sanjay Manjrekar � Sanj
Vijay Manjrekar � The Wanderer
Charles Marriott � Father Marriott
Geoff Marsh � Swampy
Rod Marsh � Iron Gloves, Bacchus
Xavier Marshall � X, Mad Max
Frederick Martin � Nutty
Damien Martyn � Marto
Lloyd Mash � Monster, Bangers (in the UK)
Greg Matthews � Mo
Glenn McGrath � Pigeon
Graham McKenzie � Garth
Craig McMillan � Macca
Colin Miller � Funky
Keith Miller � Nugget
Tom Moody � Long
Dave Mohammed � Tadpole
Danny Morrison � Deke
John Morrison � Mystery
Runako Morton � Ronnie
Muttiah Muralitharan � The Smiling Assassin, Murali, MuMu, Master technician
Saqlain Mushtaq � Saqi, Professor (wears glasses and outsmarts the batsman)
Shoaib Malik � Terminator
N
Andre Nel � Nella
Mfuneko Ngam � Chewey (Chewey'N gam)
Monty Noble � Mary Ann
Makhaya Ntini � Macky
O
Chris Old � Chilly (from C.Old)
Bill O'Reilly � Tiger
Kerry O'Keeffe � Skull
P
Milford Page � Curly
Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi � Tiger
Parthiv Patel � Bachcha (child in Hindi)
Kevin Pietersen � K.P.
Graeme Pollock � The Little Dog
Peter Pollock � The Big Dog
Shaun Pollock � Polly, Ginger, The Nibbler
Ricky Ponting � Punter
Ashwell Prince � Ashy P
Q
Abdul Qadir � Qadu
R
Carl Rackemann � Mocca
Venkatapathy Raju � Muscles
Denesh Ramdin � Shoppy
Ravi Rampaul � Frisco Kid
Mark Ramprakash � Bloodaxe
Ranjitsinhji � Black Prince of Cricketers, Ranji, Smith
Derek Randall � Arkle
Yalaka Venugopal Rao � Venu
Abdul Razzaq � Razzler
Bruce Reid � Chook
Paul Reiffel � Pistol
Dave Renneburg � Big Shine
Harold Rhodes � Dusty Rhodes
Vivian Richards � Master Blaster, the Master
Mark Richardson � Rigor, Rig
Greg Ritchie � Fat Cat
Steve Rixon � Stumper
Jacques Rudolph � Jackie
Ken Rutherford � Ruds or Rudder
S
Mohammed Sami � Salami, The Karachi Express
Virender Sehwag � Veeru, New Tendulkar
Paul Sheahan � Timbers
Bob Simpson � Simmo
Navjot Singh Sidhu � Sherry, Jonty Singh, Sixer Sidhu
Matthew Sinclair � Skippy
Harbhajan Singh � The Turbanator, Bhajji (by team-mates)
Yuvraj Singh � Yuvi
Michael Slater � Slats
Peter Sleep � Sounda
Sir Aubrey Smith � Round the Corner
Ian Smith � Stockley
Graeme Smith � Biff
Jim Smith � Big Jim
Martin Snedden � Sneds
Fred Spofforth � Demon
Javagal Srinath � Babu
Keith Stackpole � Stacky
Brian Statham � George
Edward Stevens � Lumpy
Alec Stewart � Wizenedone, Gaffer
Andrew Strauss � Straussy
Pieter Strydom � Striker
Scott Styris � Pig
Andrew Symonds � Symo, Roy, Golden Bollocks
T
Mark Taylor � Tubby
Sachin Tendulkar � Tendiya, Little Master, The Master Blaster, Slashin Sachin
Alan Thomson � Froggie
Jeff Thomson � Two-up
Graham Thorpe � The Shagger
Ernie Toshack � The Dark Prince
Marcus Trescothick � Banger, Tresco
Fred Trueman � Fiery Fred
Hugh Trumble � Little Eva
Daryl Tuffey � Hightower
Phil Tufnell � The Cat, Tuffers
Charlie Turner � Terror
Frank Tyson � Typhoon
U
Shaun Udal � Shaggy
Derek Underwood � Deadly
V
Michael Vaughan � Virgil, Vaughny
Dilip Vengsarkar � Colonel
Srinivasaraghavan Venkataraghavan � Venkat
Daniel Vettori � Lucas, Danny
Lou Vincent � Flusher
Maharajkumar of Vizianagram � Vizzy
W
Max Walker � Tangles
Doug Walters � Freddie, Bikki
Shane Warne � Warney, Hollywood, The Sheikh of Tweak
Shane Watson � Watto
Steve Waugh � Tugga, Iceman
Mark Waugh � Junior, Afghanistan (The forgotten waugh)
Cameron White � Carn
Craig White � Chalky
Jeff Wilson � Goldie
Paul Wilson � Blocker
Matthew Windows � Steamy
Paul Wiseman � Whizz
Bill Woodfull � The Rock
John Wright � Shake
Wasim Akram and Waqar Younis � The Two W's, The Sultans of Reverse Swing
Clyde Walcott, Everton Weekes and Frank Worrell � The Three W's
XYZ
| Phil Tufnell |
What is the highest number on a Euromillions lottery ticket? | Cricket nicknames - Cricknames
Cricket Nicknames
Mark Waugh was known as Afghanistan since he was often the forgotten Waugh; also he was known as Audi after he got 4 ducks in a row which were recorded in the scorebook as 0000.
Steve Waugh, on the other hand was known as Tugga or Drobe.
Dizzy (Jason) Gillespie (After the Jazz artist)
Glen McGrath = pigeon ??????????????
Marcus Trescothick = Banger (Loves eating sausages apparently)
Michael Vaughan = Vaughny!!!!! and Virgil (Thunderbirds)
Andrew Flintoff = Freddie (After Freddie Flintstone the cartoon character)
Derek Randall = Arkle (Reflects his speed when fielding)
Ashley Giles = King of Spain ( Ashley ordered several coffee mugs to be made to sell to raise money in his testimonial year. Apparently they were to have read ' The King of Spin' . They didn't and the rest is history as they say)
Robert Russell = Jack (Excellent wicketkeeper/ batsman for Gloucestershire and England. Also an excellent painter)
Phil Tufnell = The Cat (Phil liked taking naps)
Chris Old was known as Chilli (C Old)
Graham Dilley was known as Picca
Graham Gooch of course was Zap (Emilio Zapata moustache)
W.G. Grace - the Doctor
Keith Fletcher = The Gnome of Essex
Derek Underwood - Deadly
¤
An update on Cricketer's Nicknames - Aussie Twenty20 team
The Aussie Twenty20 team took to the field against England in January 2007 with their nicknames on the back of their shirts. Thus we learn:
Adam Gilchrist - Church. Because the last syllable of his surname is "Christ"
Matthew Hayden - Haydos. Not the most imaginative choice
Ricky Ponting - Punter. He likes a bet, especially on the horses and the dogs
Mike Hussey - Huss. His name would be his nickname if his nickname was his name. Get it?
Andrew Symonds - Roy. His dad's choice, after Roy of the Rovers.
Michael Clarke - Clarkey. Yet another unimaginative one
Cameron White - Bear. Apparently because he is believed to resemble the Bundaberg Rum Bear, a polar bear used to advertise an Australian spirit
Brad Hogg - George. Brad is his middle name - George is his first
Nathan Bracken - Andy G. He looks like Andrew Gunsberg, host of reality show Australian Idol
Ben Hilfenhaus - Hilfy. It's easier to say than Hilfenhaus
Shane Harwood - Stickers. Because of his liking for tattoos.
True story from 1976
BBC announcer - ' Its over to Brian Johnson and the latest Cricket from the Oval' .
Brian Johnston : 'The bowler's Holding; the batsmen's Willey' .
(Peter Willey was England's number 6 and he did not last long.)
History repeats
I really cannot read what Harbhajan is doing between his balls.
(Radio 4 Commentator Henry Blofeld, on the pre-delivery wrist exercises of Indian off-spin bowler Habhajan Singh.)
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What was the name of the first American space station, which fell to Earth in 1979? | Skylab: First U.S. Space Station
Skylab: First U.S. Space Station
By Elizabeth Howell, Space.com Contributor |
February 1, 2013 06:40pm ET
MORE
The Skylab Orbital Workshop experienced a failure that led to a replacement shield to protect against solar heating.
Credit: NASA.
Skylab was the first space station operated by the United States. It spent six years orbiting Earth until its decaying orbit caused it to re-enter the atmosphere. It scattered debris over the Indian Ocean and sparsely settled areas of Western Australia.
Three crews successfully lived on board the station for several months each. The last crew spent 84 days in orbit — an American record that stood until the shuttle era. [ Photos: Skylab, the 1st U.S. Space Station ]
Rocky start
Various NASA centers had kicked around ideas for a space station for years before Skylab launched. However, the agency was very focused on the space race and moonshots that dominated public consciousness in the 1960s. Money for other endeavors was not as available.
As Apollo began to wind down in the early 1970s, NASA began an Apollo Applications Program to fly unused hardware from the moon program. One idea, proposed by famous Apollo rocket engineer Wernher von Braun , would be to build a space station out of an unused rocket stage. The design evolved over the years as NASA struggled with reduced funding.
Skylab finally aimed for space on May 14, 1973. However, a meteoroid shield that was supposed to shelter Skylab accidentally opened about 63 seconds into the launch. The still-thick atmosphere tore the shield off, plunging Skylab into a serious situation. The facility experienced communications problems with the antenna as a result of the incident, but that was the least of the agency's worries.
"When the meteoroid shield ripped loose, it disturbed the mounting of workshop solar array wing No. 2 and caused it to partially deploy. The exhaust plume of the second stage retro-rockets impacted the partially deployed solar array and literally blew it into space," NASA wrote.
Workers at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center scrambled to stabilize the station. Among other measures, they put the station in an attitude that would minimize overheating, and came up with ways to cope with the station's reduced power situation.
Meanwhile, the first crew – led by Apollo 12 commander Pete Conrad – would need to make the station habitable before they could get to work. The crew's first challenge during the spacewalk, just hours after launch, was deploying the solar array, but initial attempts met with no luck as a metal strip holding it down refused to give way.
Crew members emerged from an expected communications blackout in a foul mood, according to an official NASA account of the mission. "The astronauts were venting their frustration with four-letter words, while Houston repeatedly tried to remind them that communication had resumed," NASA wrote.
Realizing the tools they had with them that day would not work, Conrad abandoned the exercise and focused on trying to dock his spacecraft with the station. Unfortunately, the docking mechanism failed and the crew had to depressurize the spacecraft and bypass electrical connections to achieve it.
In subsequent days, Conrad's crew erected a sun shade , successfully deployed the stuck array, and began operational work aboard the station. While the incident was frustrating for the teams involved, it also demonstrated that it was possible to fix a badly damaged space station while it is in orbit.
Cutaway view of Skylab
| Skylab |
Which is the hottest planet in our solar system? | Project Skylab
Project Skylab
the first American space station
Launched on May 14, 1973, Project Skylab was designed to demonstrate that man could work and live in space for prolonged periods without ill effect.
The Skylab module itself, originally the spent third stage of a Saturn V moon rocket, measured 118 feet from end to end and carried the most varied assortment of experimental equipment ever assembled in a single spacecraft.
A total of three three-man crews were sent to the station, with the first crew launched May 25, 1973. Over the course of the project more than 740 hours were spent observing the Sun and over 175,000 solar pictures were taken -- including the first recordings of solar activity taken above Earth's atmosphere. Skylab also evaluated systems designed to gather information on Earth's resources and environmental conditions. Biomedical research conducted on the station indicated that man adapts well to space for periods of at least three months, provided he has a proper diet and adequately programmed exercise, sleep, work, and recreation periods.
The Skylab module was designed to provide astronauts with some degree of living comfort, with the first-ever " space shower ," sleeping compartments , waste facilities, recreational space, and a specially-designed triangular grid floor that allowed the astronauts to "walk around" using special shoes equipped with matching triangular cleats. Many of the innovations first used in the Skylab program were modified over the following years and have made their way into more current space programs, including the Space Shuttle.
The third (and ultimately final) mission in the program was launched November 16, 1973. Before leaving Skylab, the third crew nudged the module into an orbit designed to give the station a projected lifespan of 10 years. However, due to unexpectedly high sunspot activity, the orbit of Skylab began to deteriorate in early 1979. On July 11, 1979, the Skylab module fell out of orbit; the parts that did not burn up in the atmosphere came crashing down on parts of Australia and the Indian Ocean -- including one piece the size of a school bus. Fortunately, and amazingly, no one was injured and no significant property damage was reported due to the "fall out."
In spite of Project Skylab's short lifespan and some early mechanical difficulties, the project was successful in every way.
Skylab Missions and Crews
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What is the hardest substance known to man? | Scientists just got the first direct proof of stable carbyne - the world's strongest material - ScienceAlert
Scientists just got the first direct proof of stable carbyne - the world's strongest material
40 times stronger than diamond.
KATHLEEN RILEY, FUTURISM
12 APR 2016
Elemental carbon is extremely versatile, and scientists have long been able to create new carbon allotropes that make for super durable and multi-functioning materials - such as everyone’s favourite material, graphene .
The 'carbon family' is one very resourceful family. But even with all these developments, carbyne remained elusive. In fact, it is the only form of carbon that has not been synthesised, even though researchers have been studying its properties for over 50 years.
The reason for this is that carbyne is extremely unstable. This one-dimensional carbon chain was first discovered in 1885 by Adolf von Baeyer, who even stated that carbyne would remain elusive, as its high reactivity would always lead to its immediate destruction .
Carbyne’s mechanical properties are hypothesised to exceed all known materials. It’s assumed to be twice as stiff as graphene, 40 times stiffer than diamond, and have greater tensile strength than any other carbon material. With these kinds of properties, no wonder we’ve been trying to find ways to stabilise it.
And now, an international team of researchers have now found a way to mass-produce carbyne.
The team took two layers of graphene, pressed them together, and rolled them into thin, double-walled carbon nanotubes. The tubes were then wrapped around the atoms. These nanotubes protect the carbyne chains from meeting imminent doom.
Their research is published in the journal Nature Materials .
Before their discovery, the record-holding number of carbon atoms in one continuous chain was 100. Now, the record has been broken with an astounding 6,400 atoms utilizing this novel method – and the chain continues to be stable.
Also, carbyne’s electrical properties increase with its chain length. This means that researchers will be able to experiment with the material more effectively with success from the nanotubes.
There is a huge wealth of possible applications using carbyne, and we’re excited to see what kinds of devices will arise with the delivery of this 'miracle' material.
Image: Lei Shi/Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna
This article was originally published by Futurism. Read the original article.
More From ScienceAlert
| Diamond |
The term ‘Googol’ is written in number form as number 1 followed by how many zeros? | Top 10 Hardest Materials | REALITYPOD - Part 2
Top 10 Hardest Materials
Anonyzious 30 August, 2011
No 6. Titanium carbide
Titanium carbide is a hard ceramic material with excellent tribological wear properties. It has a high Mohs rating in the range of 9-9.5 and is mainly used in preparation of cermets, which are frequently used to machine steel materials at high cutting speed.
No 5. Rhenium diboride
First synthesized in 1962, Rhenium diboride, synthetic superhard material, compared to the others materials on the list is a cheaper material to make as its production does not involve high pressures. Above, the first picture shows Rhenium diboride in powder and pellet form and the second shows the element Rhenium.
No 4. Borazon
This is a variation of Boron nitride (more correctly called cubic boron nitride) and is obtained by heating equal quantities of boron and nitrogen at temperatures greater exceeding 1800 degree Celsius. Borazon finds its use in grinding wheels among other materials. Brozan was also used as a cheaper alternative to diamond.
No 3. Diamond
Diamonds was the hardest naturally occurring material for some time and it grows in about a time of 1 billion to 3.3 billion years under high pressure. Diamonds are mostly used for adornment and by drillers to drill more efficiently.
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Which scientist discovered the radioactive element Radium in 1898? | Learn More About Marie Curie and Radioactive Elements
By Mary Bellis
Updated August 20, 2016.
Dr. Marie Curie is known to the world as the scientist who discovered radioactive metals such as radium and polonium.
Curie was a Polish physicist and chemist who lived between 1867-1934. She was born Maria Sklodowski in Warsaw, Poland, the youngest of five children. When she was born, Poland was controlled by Russia. Her parents were teachers, and she learned at an early age the importance of education.
Her mother died when she was young, and when her father was caught teaching Polish - which had been made illegal under the Russian government. Manya, as she was called, and her sisters had to get jobs. After a couple of failed jobs, Manya became a tutor to a family in the countryside outside Warsaw. She enjoyed her time there, and was able to send her father money to help support him, and also send some money to her sister Bronya in Paris who was studying medicine.
Bronya eventually married another medical student and they set up practice in Paris.
The couple invited Manya to live with them and study at the Sorbonne - a famous Parisian University. In order to fit in better at the school, Manya changed her name to the French "Marie." Marie studied physics and mathematics and quickly received her masters' degrees in both subjects. She remained in Paris after graduation and started research on magnetism.
For the research she wanted to do, she needed more space than her small lab. A friend introduced her to another young scientist, Pierre Curie, who had some extra room. Not only did Marie move her equipment into his lab, Marie and Pierre fell in love and married.
Radioactive Elements
Together with her husband, Curie discovered two new elements (radium and polonium, two radioactive elements that they extracted chemically from pitchblende ore) and studied the x-rays they emitted. She found that the harmful properties of x-rays were able to kill tumors. By the end of World War I, Marie Curie was probably the most famous woman in the world. She had made a conscious decision, however, not to patent methods of processing radium or its medical applications.
Her co-discovery with her husband Pierre of the radioactive elements radium and polonium represents one of the best-known stories in modern science for which they were recognized in 1901 with the Nobel Prize in Physics. In 1911, Marie Curie was honored with a second Nobel prize, this time in chemistry, to honor her for successfully isolating pure radium and determining radium's atomic weight.
As a child, Marie Curie amazed people with her great memory. She learned to read when she was only four years old. Her father was a professor of science and the instruments that he kept in a glass case fascinated Marie. She dreamed of becoming a scientist, but that would not be easy. Her family became very poor, and at the age of 18, Marie became a governess. She helped pay for her sister to study in Paris. Later, her sister helped Marie with her education. In 1891, Marie attended the Sorbonne University in Paris where she met and married Pierre Curie, a well-known physicist.
After the sudden accidental death of Pierre Curie, Marie Curie managed to raise her two small daughters (Irène, who was herself awarded a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1935, and Eve who became an accomplished author) and continue an active career in experimental radioactivity measurements.
Marie Curie contributed greatly to our understanding of radioactivity and the effects of x-rays . She received two Nobel prizes for her brilliant work, but died of leukemia, caused by her repeated exposure to radioactive material.
| Marie Curie |
Which element makes iron rust? | The Age of Marie Curie
The Age of Marie Curie
I. ����������� Marie Curie (born Marie Sklodovska) (1867-1934) was born in Poland and emigrated to France in 1891. Marie Curie discovered and purified the first samples of the elements Polonium and Radium. After Antoine Becquerel's accidental discovery of radioactivity, she was the first scientist to systematically study the phenomenon and the different elements and isotopes that exhibited it.� She won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 along with Antoine Becquerel and her husband Pierre Curie. She also won an unprecedented second Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911. Author of �Radioactive Substances (1903). Marie Curie was an experimental chemist of great ingenuity, endurance, and devotion, to which the following tribute by Albert Einstein attests:
Her strength, her purity of will, her austerity toward herself, her objectivity, her incorruptible judgment--all these were of a kind seldom found joined in a single individual . . . The greatest scientific deed of her life--proving the existence of radioactive elements and isolating them--owes its accomplishment not merely to bold intuition but to a devotion and tenacity in execution under the most extreme hardships imaginable, such as the history of experimental science has not often witnessed. (Albert Einstein (Out of My Later Years (New York: Philosophical Library, 1950), pp. 227-228.)
�������������� The first selection in this section includes translations of excerpts from the original papers by Marie and Pierre Curie, in 1898, announcing the discovery of new radioactive elements. The second selection is from the most influential work in the history and philosophy of science of the twentieth century: The Structure of Scientific Revolutions� by Thomas S. Kuhn. This selection discusses how the discovery of new facts requires a revolution in the scientist's view of the world and is not simply a matter of simple observation. Kuhn uses the word paradigm to refer to the whole set of beliefs, practices, and ways of interpreting facts that determines how a scientist operates.� He argues that scientific discoveries of the type Marie Curie made require a paradigm shift, or a radical revision in how we see the world around us.
II. Some Key Ideas of the Age:
Social Darwinism: Charles Darwin (1809-1882) had argued that new species of organisms arose through a struggle for survival in which only the fittest would survive. Much economic thinking following the industrial revolution applied this to the way that competition in the economy would allow the fittest individuals and companies to rise to the top. This was part of the optimism of the Victorian Era (named for Queen Victoria of England who reigned from 1837-1901) that the scientific and technological advances of the industrial revolution would inevitably lead to the betterment of mankind. This confidence was undermined, to a large degree, by the First World War and its unprecedented use of technological weapons. Marie Curie's career in science spanned this change in attitude.
Quantum Mechanics: The work of experimental scientists, such as Marie Curie, on the nature of the atom and theoretical physicists, such as Albert Einstein, Neils Bohr, and Werner Heisenberg, on a mathematical description of the motion of sub-atomic particles culminated in a theory of the fundamental nature of matter as wave-like bundles or packets (quanta) of� energy that have no determinate location and speed until observed. This made matter seem completely unlike the familiar hunks of tangible stuff of our common sense understanding. It also raised serious questions about what the real nature of matter was, whether we could know it, and whether it was dependent on human observation. Marie Curie's work helped to begin what was, perhaps, the most radical reformulation of how we understand the world in the history of humanity.
III. Some Contemporaries: �Karl Marx (1818-1883); German Chancellor Otto von Bismark (1815-1898); Louis Pasteur (1822-1895); King Edward VII of England, son of Victoria (1841-1910); Henry Ford (1863-1947); Mahatma Gandhi (1869-1948);� Albert Einstein (1879-1955) ; Pablo Picasso (1881-1973); Adolph Hitler (1889-1945)
��������������
IV. Some Selected Questions of the Age:
--- Will science and technology lead to the salvation of the human race or its destruction?
--- Should women be allowed to vote?
--- Should Science and Philosophy restrict themselves to discussing only what can be verified by experiment and observation?
--- Has scientific knowledge revealed the basic nature of reality to be out of the reach of a common sense understanding? Can humans understand the fundamental character of matter?
--- Do the ethnic tensions between the European powers and their competition for colonial resources make war inevitable?
--- Will Industrial Capitalism or some form of Socialism come to be the dominant economic system in the twentieth century?
V. Some Important Events of the Age:
1851����� The Great Exhibition, a World's Fair in London featuring a Crystal Palace, showcased wonders of technology and industry; it represented the height of Victorian optimism about technological progress and its promise for human flourishing.
1867����� Marie Curie Born
�������������� Karl Marx publishes first volume of Das Kapital
�������������� Nobel patents Dynamite
1879-1900 French and European Colonialism in Africa and Asia:
����������������������������� 1879- France and England take control of Egypt; 1880- France annexes Tahiti; 1881- invades Tunis in Africa; 1882- captures Hanoi, Vietnam; 1893- Laos becomes part of French Indochina, Ivory Coast in Africa taken; 1896- Madagascar annexed.
1880����� Piezoelectric effect involving electric currents in crystals discovered by Pierre Curie
1881����� First Pogroms against Jews in Poland and Russia
1885 ���� Louis Pasteur develops Rabies vaccine
1889����� Gustave Eiffel builds metal tower as temporary structure for exhibition in Paris.
1893 ���� New Zealand pioneers the vote for women
1894 ���� Dreyfus affair: army officer Alfred Dreyfus court-martialled on false charges as a result of anti-Semitism.
1895 ���� X-rays discovered by Wilhem R�ntgen
�������������� Sigmund Freud's first book on psychoanalysis published in Austria
1896 ���� Discovery of Radioactivity by French Physicist Antoine Becquerel
1897����� English Physicist J.J. Thomson discovers the electron.
1898����� Marie and Pierre Curie discover new radioactive element in pitchblende ores and announce existence of polonium and radium
1901����� Queen Victoria of England dies, succeeded by Edward VII.
1902 ���� Russian Revolutionaries Leon Trotsky and V.I. Lenin first meet in exile.
1902 ���� Marie Curie isolates pure samples of the radioactive elements Radium and Polonium.
1905 ���� Albert Einstein publishes his Special Theory of Relativity.
1907����� Picasso paints Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
1908����� Henry Ford produces the Model T Ford the first mass produced car.
1911����� Ernest Rutherford discovers the atomic nucleus.
1913 ���� Danish physicist Neils Bohr formulates the theory of the atom with small central nucleus and orbiting electrons.
1914����� World War I begins with the assassination of the heir to the Austrian throne, 28 June.
1915 ���� Poison gas (chlorine) used for the first time in warfare by Germans.
1915����� Mahatma Gandhi returns to India from South Africa.
1916 ���� Albert Einstein publishes his General Theory of Relativity
1917����� Russian Revolution, Czar Nicholas II abdicates.
1917����� The United States enters W.W. I
1918����� W.W. I ends, and along with it much of European optimism about science and technology as the source of human flourishing.
1920����� Women win vote in USA.
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In 1907 Belgian-born chemist Leo Baekeland created which type of plastic? | All Things Bakelite -
The Filmmakers
Hugh Karraker, Executive Producer
Hugh Karraker is Executive Producer of the documentary film, All Things Bakelite. He is a great grandson of Leo H. Baekeland, the Belgian-born American who invented Velox photographic paper and created the first wholly synthetic plastic, Bakelite. Hugh is co-founder of The L.H. Baekeland Project, LLC, which through world-wide exhibitions, presentations, and media, promotes the history, the science and the art of Bakelite, and celebrates the life and achievements his great grandfather.
For 30 years, Hugh was a successful actor in New York and Los Angeles, working in theater, motion pictures, television and print. He earned a BFA in acting at the University of Connecticut, studied in London at The Guildhall School of Music and Drama, and later co-founded the Magic Circle Theater in Chicago. Now retired from acting and devoted to his Baekeland Project, Hugh lives in CT with his actress wife, Sherry Arell Karraker, where he finds a creative outlet in building rustic furniture, gates and fences on commission.
John Maher, Director
As a cinematic artist, John Maher is the true definition of a Renaissance man. His interest and knowledge in a broad range of subjects is only matched by his expertise in the specialized skills of filmmaking. His just-released film, All Things Bakelite, about Leo H. Baekeland, the “father of modern plastics”, exemplifies how John pushes the boundaries of the documentary form with a masterful blend of factual information, entertainment, and innovative production techniques to tell a little known, but compelling story. “I believe production choices have to serve the story first,” John says. “Because of its broad scope and rich content, we created a lot of little surprises in All Things Bakelite that help engage the audience.” All Things Bakelite is the fifteenth independent film that John’s company JEM Films has produced. Executive producer Hugh Karraker first brought the idea to John and together they collected the resources and shaped the story of Baekeland and his transformative invention.
Craig Mikhitarian, Editor
Craig brings over thirty years of production experience to All Things Bakelite, and a long association with filmmaker John Maher. Craig, partnered with his brother Bud, has been making movies nearly all his life and is accomplished in all phases of production, from the creative to the technical. As a writer, producer, director, as well as a cinematographer and editor, Craig’s work has earned many awards in television, film, news and business. They include Emmy honors and an Oscar nomination for documentaries, and Telly Awards for commercials. While John Maher has joined Craig and Bud on many of their productions, Craig has also worked with John on several of his previous films, including John’s award-winning documentary Throw It Down, A Georgetown Story and Vision of Iron. Craig has been a part of All Things Bakelite since 2010, when John first brought him in on the project to consult, shoot and, primarily, edit the film.
Craig lives in Ridgefield with his wife Dana and has two children, both wisely occupied well outside of show business.
Martin J. Fegy, Music Composer
Marty Fegy is a video producer as well as a composer of music for film and television. All Things Bakelite is his fourth film score for John Maher and JEM Films. He has also created sound design for numerous regional theatrical productions and has written and produced many jingles for radio and television advertisers.
| Bakelite |
Relating to mobile phones, what is the area covered by a base station (or aerial) called? | Plastics Containing Asbestos - Brands & Products
Plastics
Years Produced: 1907 – Present
Plastics – new, moldable and inexpensive -were a huge fad product at the turn of the 20th century. This fascinating material could be colored and molded into all kinds of things, like chunky jewelry, machinery parts or fancy phones.
It all started with Bakelite, Leo Baekeland’s innovative plastic molding compound. Unfortunately, some products made with this special compound contained a toxic material, asbestos. Asbestos worked as a reinforcing and fireproofing agent, strengthening and enhancing the material so that it would not break or burn. Two major asbestos plastic materials sold during the 1900s were molding compounds and vinyl asbestos tile. As time and wear weakens these products, broken plastic can emit asbestos.
Asbestos Use Banned: No
Friable: No
Major developments in plastic occurred around the early 1900s. Alexander Parkes invented one of the first plastic materials, known as Parkesine (and later was rebranded as Celluloid) in 1856. Parkes made several products, including billiard balls, from this early plastic product. The material was flawed because it was highly flammable. For example, billiard balls hitting against each other would reportedly cause little sparks on occasion. In 1907, a chemist named Leo Baekeland created a better plastic product known as Bakelite.
Bakelite is a phenolic plastic, made from phenol-formaldehyde resin. It is a thermosetting plastic, which is molded while hot and sets when it cools. Baekeland found that adding fillers to the plastic molding compounds strengthened the material and kept it from cracking. Asbestos is one of the fillers he used. It not only prevented cracks, but could withstand heat, flames and electrical current. Also, once the molded plastic cooled, the toxic mineral prevented the material from shrinking.
Bakelite became popular throughout the 1900s. It's known as the first synthetic plastic and the material of a thousand uses. Using Bakelite, companies manufactured molded plastic products such as small machine pieces, road signs, telephones, steering wheels, buttons, pen casings, jewelry and electrical panels . Baekeland continued to experiment with plastic and created a new type of flooring, known as vinyl asbestos tile.
The tile was a mixture of asbestos, binder, limestone, stabilizer, pigment and plasticizer. These tiles were used in supermarkets, department stores, kitchens, commercial plants and near entryways and elevators. Using asbestos prevented abrasion, indentation, cracking and damage from liquids and heat.
Other companies followed Baekeland's lead of producing reinforced plastics with asbestos. This filler strengthened plastic products such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride polymer), phenolics, polypropylene and nylon. Chemists mixed asbestos fibers with plastic resin in four forms: compounds, woven mats in laminates, woven mats in mold processing and semi-cured woven mats.
Popular asbestos plastic materials include:
Electrical cladding and switching
Casings for switches and controllers
Cement roofing
High performance aerospace industry applications
Arc chutes for motors and generators
Missile casings
While some asbestos plastic products are still manufactured, their popularity has greatly decreased. Studies as early as 1943 began to reveal that working with the toxic mineral causes lung problems. In the 1980s legislation from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and restrictions from the Toxic Substances Control Act and the Clean Air Act limited usage. Companies began to replace the filler with talc, clay, Teflon, fibrous glass, porcelain, silica, carbon and Product X (a plastic substitute made by Raymark industries for military use).
Dangers
Asbestos plastic products undergoing wear, age and deterioration may release toxic particles. Constant use of car parts , switches, phones and other plastic molding products can cause plastic to break, potentially sending toxic dust into the air. Most of these plastic molding products contain 15 to 17 percent asbestos.
Electricians conducting regular maintenance and repairs may disturb the plastic parts. Electricians drilling through electrical panels or vinyl wallpaper may fill the air with asbestos dust. Asbestos plastic electrical components may also be in the vicinity of other asbestos construction products that further expose electricians to the dangerous mineral.
Floor tillers working with asbestos-vinyl tiles are were put at risk. Cutting tiles before placing them can disturb ground asbestos that is mixed into tile compounds. Additionally, construction workers or demolition workers may come into contact with older tiles that are falling apart. These damaged tiles can release toxic dust into the air.
Plastic plant factory workers preparing plastic molding compounds were surrounded by high concentrations of the deadly mineral. Factory workers would pour raw asbestos fibers into molds, then cut and transport materials. These workers were in danger of breathing asbestos dust and were especially at risk of developing related diseases later in life.
Manufactures that made asbestos-containing plastics include:
Greene, Tweed & Company
Tile-Tex Company
Lawsuits
Two companies that encountered litigation from asbestos plastic flooring products include Armstrong World Industries and Kentile Floors. Today Armstrong is one the biggest manufacturers of hardwood flooring, but the products they made in the past have cost them millions. In 2006 they created a trust fund to pay damages to people who developed mesothelioma, lung cancer or asbestosis.
While Armstrong was able to recover from bankruptcy, Kentile Floors was not as successful. Kentile sold tiles and flooring products, with some products containing as much as 25 percent asbestos. The company filed for bankruptcy in 1992, but was unable to recover. Kentile officially shut down in 1998.
Workers, like Wayne Bendily, developed asbestos-related illnesses from preparing asbestos plastic products. Bendily’s work involved mining, processing and manufacturing asbestos-containing insulation and plastic cement. In 1996, Bendily filed a lawsuit against multiple manufacturers, including the Flintkote Company, after Dr. Glenn Gomes diagnosed Bendily with asbestosis. Bendily accused the Flintkote Company of failing to warn about the risks of using their contaminated plastic cement. A judge awarded Bendily $780,000 in total damages.
James Ginter worked for Durez Plastics creating asbestos friction products. Durez manufactured industrial resins and phenolic molding compounds. Ginter was exposed to asbestos when he used asbestos molding in friction testing machines. In 2010, doctors diagnosed him with mesothelioma. A year later, a New York Jury awarded Ginter $2.5 million.
Brands
Brands of plastic products containing asbestos include:
Dura PlasticTalcote
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The Ishihara Test is used for testing for what in humans? | Ishihara Color Test – Color Blindness
got to 3 and thats it
bradley says:
tried test only got test 2
admin says:
June 11, 2009 at 8:16 am
Hi Bradley,
You should keep trying each ishihara test until the bottom, dont stop at the first test you can’t do:) Doing them all helps you understand the severity of your color blindness.
Also try the color arrangement test to get a mathematical readout of your color blindness, and its severity!
Charles
July 9, 2009 at 8:17 am
Hi,
I found this website to be really helpful! I was told when I was small that I was color blind, and knew it had something to do with Red, Green and Brown. This website has helped me understand that I’m definately red/green color blind. 20 years after I was told, I now know for sure, thanks to this website. Great stuff. Excellent.
admin says:
July 9, 2009 at 2:05 pm
Jim,
Glad you found the ishihara test useful:) I trialled it on a friend of mine, he’s 40 and just found out he’s mildly color blind too. To some of us it barely makes a difference i guess!
Charles
🙁 i applied for the air force on thursday, a medical was involved… including an isihara eye test……..
i failed it 3 times 🙁 not my job oportunities are extremely limited
im 3CP color blind & a female… i never knew, still quite shocked!!!!!!!
BERTIE says:
September 2, 2009 at 9:20 pm
Just looking at these tests makes me feel more at rest. I have moderate colour acuity due to long sightedness but not colour blind although eyesight does affect your colour vision, yet i can see 22 of the 24 plates. Do you think i would pass an RAF medical colour test?
admin says:
Hi Bertie,
I redid your post without full capitals for you:)
The Air Force is probably the strictest career path in the world when it comes to color blindness. Whether or not you are accepted depends on how well you do with your visual tests, and which position you are seek. Which plates did you get wrong? A couple of the plates are supposed to appear blank if you have normal vision:)
You could also try my color arrangement test, it was designed by american military personel originally, though i doubt it is used in the UK.
Charles
September 24, 2009 at 11:03 pm
Thanks Admin
I can do the colour arrangement test and it reports I’m not colour blind because I complete it correctly. A couple of the plates above that I couldn’t see were 73 and 5. Must point out that some of these plates I have to really look at to get the numbers. I have done the Farnsworth 100 Hue Test and manage to do very well on it. I know my current perscription for glasses has been changed slightly and these glasses are heavily scratched. I find my glasses do affect my colour vision, making colours appear slightly darker then normal. Without the glasses I have very good colour acuity but at a restricted distance. Can I just ask how accurate are these tests? Are your plates a true representation or do you think the reproduction of your plates makes it harder to see the numbers.
Thanks again, Bertie
September 25, 2009 at 8:20 am
Hi Bertie,
The plates do get progressively harder to see, though my wife (who is not color blind) can easily see every plate correctly. Being color blind, i know that some are harder than others for me to see, but cannot really tell you how people with normal color vision see them:).
What you hinted at is correct, these plates are as accurate as possible, but there is every risk that they aren’t exactly the same as a physical copy of the test plates. The images are very close to the same, but everything from the lighting in your room to the quality of your monitor, and its settings will adjust this. Try doing the test from someone elses computer and see how you go – you’d be amazed how different computer monitors show colors differently!
My glasses are not scratched too badly, but if yours are as bad as you say, then i am sure they would manipulate the colors to some extent – much like cataracts? Cataracts dont directly modify your color vision, but the clouding does filter any light entering the eye.
Hope this helps,
| Color blindness |
What is the science that deals with the origin, nature, chemistry, effects and use of drugs? | Generating Color Blindness Test Images with Processing | vis4.net
Generating Color Blindness Test Images with Processing
by Gregor Aisch
My wife recently observed my two-year-old son eating green strawberries and is now curious if he has some kind of red-green color blindness. Unfortunately, he is not yet able to give us the name of numbers, so the commonly used Ishihara test images won’t do. Well, I thought it´s a nice idea for this rainy Sunday afternoon to generate some of those images myself. Instead of numbers I used simple images of things I knew my son is able to name. If you like, find the source files here . The icons are taken from thenounproject .
My wife recently watched my 2 years old son eating green strawberries and was now curious if he has some kind of red-green color blindness. Unfortunately, he is not yet able to tell us the name of numbers, so the commonly used Ishihara test images won’t work in this case. Well, I thought it would be a nice idea for this rainy Sunday to generate some of those images myself. Instead of numbers I used simple images of things I knew my son is able to name. If you like, find the source files here . Icons taken from thenounproject .
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Anglophobia is the fear of which country and its people? | Anglophobia - definition of Anglophobia by The Free Dictionary
Anglophobia - definition of Anglophobia by The Free Dictionary
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Anglophobia
Also found in: Thesaurus , Wikipedia .
Related to Anglophobia: Anglophobic
One who dislikes or fears England, its people, or its culture.
An′glo·pho′bi·a n.
An′glo·pho′bic adj.
Anglophobia
Anglophobia - dislike (or fear) of Britain and British customs
dislike - a feeling of aversion or antipathy; "my dislike of him was instinctive"
Anglophilia - admiration for Britain and British customs
Translations
Anglophobia
n → Anglophobie f (form), → Englandhass m
Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content .
Link to this page:
England
References in classic literature ?
Well, then, you shall have plenty of it; and first, I see you've not much more sense than some others of my acquaintance"(indicating me with his thumb), "or else you'd never turn rabid about that dirty little country called England; for rabid, I see you are; I read Anglophobia in your looks, and hear it in your words.
View in context
He begins with a discussion of Hegel's reform-bill article claiming that, contrary to the traditional view, it was not a sour mix of anglophobia and Prussian chauvinism but a shrewd analysis of the political situation as of mid-1831 which correctly identified the structural weaknesses of the existing British state, most notably its dominance by a corrupt and incompetent aristocracy, and pointed the direction that politics must take if the nation was to avoid revolution.
As Britain's elections near, voters are facing a wall of falsehoods
Anglophobia ruled for a decade until former Education Minister Leighton Andrews invited in Tony Blair's Sir Michael Barber.
End the debate and just get on with the teaching; The groundswell of support for the Welsh Government's review of curriculum arrangements are supposed to bode well for the future. But in a hard-hitting column, education expert Terry Mackie argues otherwise
A Call to Arms: Propaganda, Public Opinion, and Newspapers in the Great War (Westport, CT: Praeger, 2004); Matthew Stibbe, German Anglophobia and the Great War (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001); David Welch, Germany, Propaganda and Total War, 1914-1918: The Sins of Omission (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2000).
Mencken's nietzsche
Multicultural Nationalism: Islamaphobia, Anglophobia, and Devolution.
Ghanaian and Somali immigrants in Toronto's rental market: a comparative cultural perspective of housing issues and coping strategies
25) Crawford told Stonehaven that the American actions at Geneva would undoubtedly cause a wave of Anglophobia to arise in the United States due to a number of things.
Imperial networks, imperial defence, and perceptions of American influence on the British Empire in the interwar period: the case of the 27th Earl of Crawford and Balcarres
For one, he had none of the French Anglophobia stimulated by events like Mers-el-Kebir (the battle in 1940 off the coast of French Algeria when the British Navy attacked and destroyed much of the French fleet), which soldiers like Colonel Serge-Henri Parisot never got over even up to his death last February at age 100.
| England |
Pamplemousse is French for which fruit? | Anglophobia : definition of Anglophobia and synonyms of Anglophobia (English)
4 References
Within the United Kingdom
In his essay " Notes on Nationalism ", written in May 1945 and published in the first issue of the intellectual magazine Polemic (October 1945), George Orwell wrote, 'Welsh, Irish and Scottish nationalism have points of difference but are alike in their anti-English orientation.'. [2]
Scotland
See also: Scottish national identity and Category:England–Scotland relations
In a 2003 survey of 500 English people living in Scotland, one quarter said that they had been harassed or discriminated against by the Scots. [3]
A 2005 study by Hussain and Millar of the Department of Politics at the University of Glasgow examined the prevalence of Anglophobia in relation to Islamophobia in Scotland . One finding of the report suggested that national ‘phobias’ have common roots independent of the nations they are directed toward. The study states that:
Scottish identity comes close to rivalling low levels of education as an influence towards Anglophobia. Beyond that, having an English friend reduces Anglophobia by about as much as having a Muslim friend reduces Islamophobia. And lack of knowledge about Islam probably indicates a broader rejection of the ‘other’, for it has as much impact on Anglophobia as on Islamophobia. [4]
The study goes on to say: (of the English living in Scotland)"Few of the English (only 16 percent) see conflict between Scots and English as even 'fairly serious'". Hussain and Millar's study found that Anglophobia was slightly less prevalent than Islamophobia, but that unlike Islamophobia, Anglophobia correlated with a strong sense of Scottish identity.
In 1999 an Inspector and race relations officer with Lothian and Borders Police said that a correlation had been noticed between the establishment of the Scottish Parliament and anti-English incidents. [5] However, Hussain and Millar's research suggested that Anglophobia had fallen slightly since the introduction of devolution.
In 2009 a woman originally from England was assaulted in an allegedly anti-English racially motivated attack. [6] Similar cases have been connected with major football matches and tournaments, particularly international tournaments where the English and Scottish football teams often compete with each other. [7] [8] [9] A spate of anti-English attacks occurred in 2006 during the football World Cup, [10] in one incident a 7 year old boy wearing an England shirt was punched in the head in an Edinburgh park. [11]
Wales
See also: Cultural relationship between the Welsh and the English
The Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542 also known as the "Acts of Union", passed by the Parliament of England , annexed Wales to the Kingdom of England , and replaced the Welsh language and Welsh law with the English language and English law . [12] [13] In particular, Section 20 of the 1535 Act made English the only language of the law courts and stated that those who used Welsh would not be appointed to any public office in Wales. [12] The Welsh language was supplanted in many public spheres, with, for example, the use of the Welsh Not in some schools. This would later be adopted as a symbol of English oppression, although evidence suggests its enforcement may have been largely voluntary. [14]
Since the Glyndŵr Rising of the early 15th century, Welsh nationalism has been primarily nonviolent. [15] However, the Welsh militant group Meibion Glyndŵr (English: Sons of (Owain) Glyndŵr ) were responsible for arson attacks on English-owned second homes in Wales from 1979–1994, motivated by cultural anti-English sentiment. [15] Meibion Glyndŵr also attempted arson against several estate agents in Wales and England, and against the offices of the Conservative Party in London. [16] [16] [17]
In 2000, the Chairman of Swansea Bay Race Equality Council said that "Devolution has brought a definite increase in anti-English behaviour" citing three women who believed that they were being discriminated against in their careers because they could not speak Welsh. [18] Author Simon Brooks recommended that English-owned homes in Wales be "peacefully occupied". [16] In 2001 Dafydd Elis-Thomas, a former leader of Plaid Cymru, said that there was an anti-English strand to Welsh nationalism. [19]
Northern Ireland
During the Troubles , the IRA exclusively attacked targets located in Northern Ireland and England, not Scotland or Wales. [20]
In the Protestant community, the English are identified with British politicians, and are sometimes resented for their perceived abandonment of loyalist communities. [21]
Outside the United Kingdom
Further information: Ireland–United Kingdom relations
There is a long tradition of Anglophobia within Irish nationalism . Much of this was grounded in the hostility felt by the largely Catholic poor for the Anglo-Irish gentry, which was mainly Anglican . In Ireland before the Great Famine , anti-English hostility was deep seated [22] and was manifested in increased anti-English hostility organised by United Irishmen . [23] [24] In post-famine Ireland, anti-English hostility was adopted into the philosophy and foundation of the Irish nationalist movement. At the turn of the 20th century, the Celtic Revival movement associated the search for a cultural and national identity with an increasing anti-colonial and anti-English sentiment. [25] Anti-English themes manifested in national organisations seen as promoting native Irish values, with the emergence of groups like Sinn Féin .
The Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) was itself founded in 1884 as a countermeasure against the Anglo-Irish Athletic Association, which promoted and supervised British sports such as English football in Ireland. The GAA was founded in the anti-English ideas of Thomas Croke , Archbishop of Cashel and Emly . [26] From 1886 to 1971 the GAA focused national pride into distinctly non-English activities. [27] Members were forbidden to belong to organisations that played "English" games, and the organisation countered the Anglicisation in Irish society. [28] [29] [30] With the development across Ireland of Irish games and the arts, the celtic revivalists and nationalists identified characteristics of what they defined as the "Irish Race". A nationalistic identity developed, as being the polar opposite of the Anglo-Saxons, and untainted by the Anglo-Irish community. [31] A sense of national identity and Irish distinctiveness as well as an anti-English assertiveness was reinforced to Catholics by teachers in hedge schools. [32]
A feeling of anti-English sentiment intensified within Irish nationalism during the Boer War leading to xenophobia underlined by Anglophobia. [33] Resulting in two units of Irish commandos who fought with the Boer against British forces during the Second Boer War (1899–1902). J. Donnolly a member of the brigade wrote to the editor of Irish News in 1901 stating;
"It was not for the love of the Boer war we were fighting; it was for the hatred of the English."J. Donnolly letter to the Irish News 1901 [34]
The pro-Boer movement gained widespread support in Ireland and over 20.000 supporters demonstrated in Dublin in 1899 where Irish nationalism, anti-English and pro-Boer attitudes were one and the same. There was a pro-Boer movement in England however the English pro-Boer movement was not based on anti-English sentiments. These opposing views and animosity led the English and Irish pro-Boer groups to maintain a distance from one another. [35]
The W. B. Yeats play The Countess Cathleen , written in 1892, has anti-English overtones comparing the English gentry to demons who come for Irish souls. [36] Films set during the Irish War of Independence , such as The Informer (1935) and the Plough and the Stars (1936), were criticised by the BBFC for the director John Ford 's anti-English content, [37] and, in recent years, Michael Collins [38] [39] and The Wind That Shakes the Barley [40] [41] have led to accusations of Anglophobia in the British press. In 2006, Antony Booth , the father-in law of Tony Blair , reported anti-English vandalism and discrimination while living in County Cavan , Ireland, with his wife. [42] In addition, in August 2008 an English pipefitter based in Dublin was awarded €20,000 for the racial abuse and discrimination he received at his workplace. [43]
In 2011, tensions and anti-English or anti-British feelings flared in relation to the proposed visit of Elizabeth II , the first British monarch to visit Ireland in 101 years. The direct invitation by the President of Ireland , Mary McAleese , and the Irish government , was hailed by the Irish press as a historic visit, [44] but was criticised by Sinn Féin President Gerry Adams . [45] An anti-English Queen demonstration was held at the GPO Dublin by a group of Irish Republicans on 26 February 2011, [46] and a mock trial and decapitation of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II were carried out by socialist republican group Éirígí . [47] Other protests included one Dublin publican (the father of Celtic player Anthony Stokes ) hanging a banner declaring "the Queen will never be welcome in this country". [48] [49]
France
Further information: France–United Kingdom relations
" Roastbeef " (or "rosbif") is a long standing Anglophobe French slang term to designate the English or British people. Its origins lies in William Hogarth 's francophobic painting The Gate of Calais or O! The Roast Beef of Old England, in which the roastbeef allegory is used as a mockery. Its popular use includes movies, TV shows and sketch comedies.
After the Norman conquest in 1066, French replaced English as the official language of England. However, in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, the Plantagenet kings of England lost most of their possessions in France , began to consider England to be their primary domain, and turned to the English language. King Edward I , when issuing writs for summoning parliament in 1295, claimed that the King of France planned to invade England and extinguish the English language, "a truly detestable plan which may God avert". [50] [51] In 1338, Philip VI of France authored the Ordinance of Normandy , which again called for the destruction and elimination of the English nation and language. The Hundred Years' War (1337–1453) between England and France changed societies on both sides of the Channel .
The English and French were engaged in numerous wars in the following centuries. England's ongoing conflict with Scotland provided France with an opportunity to destabilise England, and there was a firm friendship (known as the Auld Alliance ) between France and Scotland from the late-thirteenth century to the mid-sixteenth century. The alliance eventually foundered because of growing Protestantism in Scotland. Opposition to Protestantism became a major feature of later French Anglophobia (and conversely, fear of Catholicism was a hallmark of Francophobia ). Antipathy and intermittent hostilities between France and Britain , as distinct from England, continued during later centuries. It has become more and more political. Nowadays, this feeling seems however often to be exaggerated by newspapers or politicians and the real number of true anglophobes appears to be quite limited[ citation needed ]. It is replaced by a more widespread stance consisting in light-heartedly making fun of Britishness, in a similar manner that the French are made fun of in Britain. [52]
United States
Further information: United Kingdom–United States relations
In 2002, academic John Moser said that, although anglophobia is now 'almost completely absent' from United States society, this was not always the case. He states that 'there were strains of anglophobia present in virtually every populist movement of the late 19th and early 20th centuries', with the Populist Party , for example, "referring to England as a 'monster' that had 'seized upon the fresh energy of America and is steadily fixing its fangs into our social life.'"
Reasons suggested for the decline in anglophobia included the impact of the Second World War , and reduced political support for Irish nationalist movements compared with that in earlier periods. Moser also said: [53]
"In an age when the wealthiest and most influential Americans tended to be associated with things British—the vast majority were of Anglo-Saxon descent, wore English-tailored suits, drove British-made automobiles, and even spoke with affected British accents—it was quite natural for Great Britain to fall within the sights of disaffected populists. In more recent years, however, this has changed. When one thinks of wealth and influence in contemporary America, particularly when one considers those who have made their fortunes in the past thirty years, English culture does not immediately spring to mind.
The Irish-American community in the United States has historically shown antipathy towards the English in particular. [54] Anglophobia has been a defining feature of the post-famine Irish-American experience. Bolstered by their support of Irish nationalism, Irish-American communities have been staunchly anti-English since the 1850s and this sentiment is fostered within the Irish-American identity. [55] [56] Irish immigrants who settled in the United States often prospered there, retained the bitterest animosity to England and many of them subscribed from their weekly wage to keep up the anti-English agitation. [57]
This was due in part to the nature of their history and manner of their emigration, when they brought with them a strong specific sense of Anglophobia. [54] [55] Irish-American newspapers, like the pro-Catholic "Truth Teller" which was founded in 1825 by an anti-English priest, were influential in the identity of the community. [58] Anglophobia in print was also seen in the autobiographies of noted Irish-Americans; Elizabeth Gurley a leading American socialist, [59] and William Z. Foster who reported in his own memoirs his own father died at over eighty, he never said the word England without adding “God damn her!”. [59]
In 1842, the first national gathering of Irish-Americans took place in Philadelphia:
“The convention ended with anti-English speeches and three cheers for Ireland…[]…Thus they influenced the progress of nationalism in Ireland and shaped their Irish-American identity” [59]
Anti-English feelings among Irish-Americans spread to American culture through Irish-American performers in popular Blackface minstral shows . These imparted both elements of the Irish-Americans performers own national bias, and the popular stereotypical image that the English people were bourgeois aloof or upper class. [60] Sentiments quickly turned into direct and volent action when in the 1860s the Fenian Brotherhood Society invaded Canada to provoke a United States-British war in hope it would lead to Irish freedom. [61] Violence included direct action by Fenian sympathisers with the assassination of Thomas D'Arcy McGee himself an Irish-Canadian and Irish nationalist who was against the invasion. [62] Goldwin Smith , Professor at Cornell University , wrote in the North American Review that ‘hatred of England’ was used as a tool to win the Irish-American vote. [63] An observation shared in 1900 by the Secretary of State for the United States John Hay who openly criticise the Prairie Populist and his own Democratic Parties political pandering to attract the support of the Irish diaspora:
"state conventions put on an anti-English plank in their platforms to curry favor with the Irish (whom they want to keep) and the Germans whom they want to seduce. It is too disgusting to have to deal with such sordid lies."John Hay Secretary of State for the United States in 1900 [61]
Well into the early 20th century anti-English sentiment was increasing with famine memorials in the Irish-American communities, quote “served as a wellspring for their obsessive and often corrosive antipathy”, as noted in the British Parliament in 1915:
”There is no part of the world where anti-English influences worked so powerfully than in the United States. Almost every Irishman there is the son or grandson of and evicted tenant – evicted in all the horrors of the black 40’s. And most of them have heard stories of them from their mother’s knee.”The great famine and the Irish diaspora in America By Arthur Gribben
Some newspapers, including the San Francisco Leader and ‘New York Irish World’ first published in (1823) were renowned for their anti-English articles. [64] The Irish World blamed England for the depopulation and desolate state of Irelands industries. [65] One newspaper, the ‘Gaelic American’, called a student performance of the English national anthem by some girls of Irish heritage from a convent school an act of disloyalty, where they were taught to reverence the traditions of the hereditary enemy of their race and religion. [65]
A commemorative stamp by philanthropist Andrew Carnegie on a century of peace between America and Great Britain was criticised by the Irish-American press. [65] In recent years American statesmen like Pat Buchanan has highlighted the anti-English stance of the Irish Diaspora in the United States of America. [61]
The film industry is widely perceived to give an English nationality to a disproportionate number of villains. [66] Lyndon LaRouche , a perennial candidate for US President and a movement leader known for theories of conspiracies, has been called the "most illustrious" Anglophobe in American politics. [67]
Iran
Further information: Iran–United Kingdom relations
Anti-British sentiment, sometimes described as Anglophobia, has been described as "deeply entrenched in Iranian culture", [68] and reported to be increasingly prevalent in Iran . In July 2009, an adviser to Ali Khamenei called Britain "worse than America" for its alleged interference in Iran's post-election affairs.
Animosity has been dated back to the early 19th century, when a British diplomat, Sir Gore Ouseley , was responsible for drawing up the country's boundaries after the First Russo-Persian War . [69] In the first half of the 20th century, the British Empire exerted political influence over Iran (Persia) in order to control the profits from the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company . As a result, British influence was widely known to have been behind the overthrow of the Qajar Dynasty in the 1920s, the subsequent rise of Reza Shah Pahlavi , and the successful coup d'etat overthrowing prime minister Mohammad Mosaddeq in 1953. [70] [71] [72] In November 2011, attacks on the UK's embassy in Tehran led to the closure of the embassy and the expulsion of Iranian diplomats from the UK, with the Iranian parliamentary chairman Ali Larijani stating that the incident was the outcome of "decades of domineering moves by the British in Iran". [69]
The classic Iranian novel My Uncle Napoleon , published in 1973, lampoons the widespread belief that the English are responsible for events that occur in Iran.
Australia and New Zealand
Further information: Australia–United Kingdom relations and New Zealand–United Kingdom relations
" Pommy " or "Pom" (probably derived from " pomegranate ", rhyming slang for "immigrant") [73] is a common Australasian slang word for the English, often combined with 'whing[e]ing' (complaining) to make the expression 'whingeing Pom' - an English immigrant who stereotypically complains about everything. Although the term is sometimes applied to British immigrants generally, it is usually applied specifically to the English, by both Australians and New Zealanders . [74] [75] From the 19th century onwards, there were feelings among established Australians that many immigrants from England were poorly skilled, unwanted by their home country, and unappreciative of the benefits of their new country. [76] In recent years, complaints about two newspaper articles blaming English tourists for littering a local beach, and headed "Filthy Poms" and "Poms fill the summer of our discontent", were accepted as complaints and settled through conciliation by the Australian Human Rights Commission when the newspapers published apologies. However, letters and articles which referred to English people as "Poms" or "Pommies" did not meet the threshold for racial hatred. [77] In 2007 a complaint to Australia 's Advertising Standards Bureau about a television commercial using the term 'Pom' was upheld and the commercial was withdrawn. [78]
Movies such as Gallipoli and Breaker Morant have highlighted anti-British sentiment felt by many Australians.
See also
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What is the name of actor Vin Diesel’s character in the 2002 film xXx? | xXx (2002) - Full Cast & Crew - IMDb
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What is the official language of Uruguay? | Vin Diesel's 'xXx: The Return of Xander Cage' Lands at Paramount
See Photos: Vin Diesel Shares Photos From 'xXx: The Return of Xander Cage' Set
Sony released the first “xXx” film in 2002, which grossed $142 million, as well as the 2005 sequel “xXx: State of the Union.”
“I am Number Four’s” D.J. Caruso is directing the third installment, while Chad St. John (“London Has Fallen”) and F. Scott Frazier wrote the script.
The third installment in the franchise will find Xander Cage (Diesel) coming out of exile, colliding with a deadly alpha warrior named Xiang and his team while trying to recover an unstoppable weapon known as Pandora’s Box.
See Video: Vin Diesel Sings 'See You Again' to Paul Walker in Emotional Tribute at People's Choice Awards
“We are extremely pleased to be working with Vin, Samantha, Joe, Kirsch and Paramount to bring this fan-favorite franchise back to the screen,” said Revolution CEO Vince Totino, who is executive producing the film for the studio along with COO Scott Hemming. “‘xXx’ is one of the jewels in Revolution’s rich library of commercially successful and acclaimed films, and now with Vin on board, a great script and director D.J. Caruso on hand, we are poised to deliver a worthy successor.”
Samuel L. Jackson and Nina Dobrev are set to star in the action film that is looking at a 2017 release.
On Jan. 30, Diesel shared photos from set , one of which showing the actor on a motorcycle in front of a green screen, tangled up with a woman.
9 Jaw-Dropping Movie Stunts That Made Us Shout at the Screen (Photos)
These wild scenarios have actors squaring off at the box office, sequels competing with predecessors and audiences dumbstruck.
Colin Firth's "The Kingsman: Secret Service" masks bloody, violent super-umbrella madness with Saville Row suits and a posh accent.
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"Skyfall" has Daniel Craig boarding a train by using a dig machine to rip the roof off, jumping from the crane and landing with enough room to adjust his cufflink.
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Suction-cup gloves and the largest tower in Dubai? Apparently no problem for Tom Cruise in "Mission Impossible: 4."
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While we love Uma Thurman slicing and dicing the Crazy 88 in "Kill Bill," that's a lot of carnage from one person, one sword and one dope track suit.
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Tom Cruise braving the atmosphere clinging to the side of a jet in "Mission Impossible: Rogue Nation" -- in a tuxedo -- has got to be one of the biggest stretches in history. Well played.
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For Vin Diesel and co., "Furious 7" sees a ton of muscle cars dispense from an aircraft, parachute to the paved road thousands of feet below and switch immediately into gear.
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"Charlie's Angels: Full Throttle" was a worthy sequel in terms of laughs and ass-kicking, but driving a truck over a bridge to have Cameron Diaz fire up a chopper on the flatbed and save the day? OK.
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Vin Diesel's character in "XXX" outran an avalanche on a snowboard. As one does.
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Call this the most localized super-stunt: in 2009, Jason Statham starred in "Crank 2: High Voltage," wherein his character jump starts his own body with cables and a car battery, then runs for miles at, well, high voltage.
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What was the name of the space shuttle in which Alan Shepard went into space in 1961? | Alan Shepard: First American in Space
Alan Shepard: First American in Space
By Nola Taylor Redd, Space.com Contributor |
May 5, 2014 10:00am ET
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Alan Shepard became the first American in space when the Freedom 7 spacecraft blasted off from Florida on May 5, 1961. Ten years later, Shepard would leave Earth's atmosphere again to become the fifth man to walk on the moon — and the first one to play golf there.
Born Nov. 18, 1923, to Renza Emerson and Alan Shepard, Alan Bartlett Shepard Jr . grew up in rural New Hampshire. After graduating from high school, he attended the U.S. Naval Academy, graduating the day after D-Day. An ensign, Shepard spent the last year of World War II on a destroyer in the Pacific.
NASA astronaut Alan Shepard became the first American in space on May 5, 1961 aboard his Mercury spacecraft Freedom 7.
Credit: NASA.
Over the next 15 years, Shepard served in the Navy in various capacities. He received a civilian pilot's license while in naval flight training, and spent several tours on aircraft carriers in the Mediterranean. He attended the U.S. Navy Test Pilot School in 1950, and then went on to participate in a number of developmental tests for various crafts, as well as trials of the first angled carrier deck. He then became an instructor in the Test Pilot School. He logged more than 8,000 hours of flight time over the course of his career. [ Photos: Freedom 7, America's 1st Human Spaceflight ]
Shepard attended the Naval War College in Rhode Island. Following his 1957 graduation, he was assigned as an aircraft readiness officer on the staff of the Commander-in-Chief, Atlantic Fleet.
Upon his return home at the close of World War II, Shepard married Louise Brewer, whom he had met while attending the Naval Academy. The couple had two daughters.
The right stuff
In 1959, 110 test pilots were invited to volunteer for the space flight program headed by the new National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Although Shepard was on the list, a snafu kept him from receiving his invitation. Regardless, he was selected as one of the first seven astronauts for the organization. Known as the Mercury 7, the group included John Glenn , Virgil "Gus" Grissom, Donald "Deke" Slayton, Malcolm "Scott" Carpenter, Walter "Wally" Schirra, and Gordon Cooper. From this prestigious group of highly trained fliers, Shepard was selected to man the first space flight , with Glenn acting as his backup.
Astronaut Alan B. Shepard is rescued by a U.S. Marine helicopter at the end of his sub-orbital Mercury-Redstone 3 (MR-3) flight May 5, 1961.
Credit: NASA
The stakes were raised in the space race on April 15, 1961, when the Soviet Union launched cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin into space and he became the first person to orbit the Earth. Gagarin beat the Americans by less than a month. Shepard's launch was initially scheduled for May 2, but was rescheduled twice because of weather conditions. On May 5, Freedom 7 lifted off, carrying Shepard to an altitude of 116 miles for a 15-minute flight. Because of the placement of the porthole windows, the first American in space was unable to catch a glimpse of the stars, and he was strapped in too tight to experience weightlessness. Also, a filter left on the periscope window rendered the Earth below in black and white.
Although the Soviets had reached the historic milestone first, Shepard's suborbital flight made a significant worldwide impact because its launch, travel and splashdown were watched on live television by millions of people. By contrast, the details of Gagarin's landing were kept confidential for more than a decade. For his daring achievement, President John F. Kennedy awarded Shepard the NASA Distinguished Service Medal. [ Infographic: America's First Spaceship: Project Mercury ]
Shepard worked on the ground for subsequent flights in the Mercury program and was slated to pilot the Mercury 10 mission. However, after successfully putting an astronaut in orbit for a full day with Mercury 9, NASA decided to close the first manned space program and move on with Gemini, the next step on the journey toward the moon .
NASA selected Shepard to be part of the first manned Gemini mission. However, he woke one morning dizzy and nauseated, and found himself falling constantly. He was subsequently diagnosed with Meniere's syndrome. Fluid in his inner ear had built up, increasing the sensitivity of the semicircular canals and motion detectors. Shepard was grounded in 1963, forbidden from solo flights in jet planes — or traveling in space.
Shepard switched gears, taking over as the Chief of the Astronaut Office for NASA. He oversaw the activities and schedules of the astronauts and their training and assisted with mission planning. In 1969, he underwent an operation that corrected the problem, allowing him to regain full flight status. Shepard, Stuart Roosa and Ed Mitchell were initially supposed to fly on Apollo 13 , but they were pushed back a mission to give everyone extra training, especially Shepard. Shepard was subsequently named commander for the Apollo 14 mission to the moon.
| Mercury-Redstone 3 |
Which British comedian has a character called ‘The Pub Landlord’? | Alan Shepard's Space Race: Soviet Victory Frustrated First American in Space
Alan Shepard's Space Race: Soviet Victory Frustrated First American in Space
By Mike Wall, Space.com Senior Writer |
May 5, 2011 12:29pm ET
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The Redstone booster carrying Mercury astronaut Alan B. Shepard, Jr. lifts off from Cape Canaveral at 9:34 a.m. Eastern on May 5, 1961. His 15 minute sub-orbital flight lifted him to an altitude of over 116 miles and a maximum speed of 5,134 miles per hour. Shepard had become the first American in space.
Credit: NASA
When Alan Shepard launched on his suborbital flight on May 5, 1961, he became just the second person ever to reach space. But he thought he could've been the first, and he was frustrated when that didn't happen, experts say.
Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin beat Shepard to space three weeks earlier, blasting off on an orbital flight on April 12, 1961. In Shepard's view, this Soviet space race victory could have been prevented , had NASA been more aggressive. The space agency had delayed his mission several times to perform additional tests.
"I think he was a little bit frustrated with NASA for, in his mind, being a little bit overly cautious," said Neal Thompson, author of "Light This Candle: The Life and Times of Alan Shepard" (Three Rivers Press, 2005). "He was a little bit pissed off that they delayed it so much that the Russians were able to get up there first." [ Photos: Freedom 7, America's 1st Human Spaceflight ]
Problems with the rocket
See how the first American astronauts flew in space on NASA's Mercury space capsules in this SPACE.com infographic.
Credit: Karl Tate/SPACE.com
Shepard launched into space inside a Mercury capsule named Freedom 7, which sat atop a Redstone booster. The success of his mission was anything but assured, as various problems with the Redstone had cropped up on previous test flights. [ Video: Flash Back to America's First Spaceflight ]
An unmanned Mercury-Redstone test flight in November 1960, for example, got just 4 inches (10 cm) off the launchpad. Another unmanned flight a month later went well, but other rocket issues emerged in January 1961 on a "semi-manned" flight that launched a chimp named Ham into suborbital space.
These problems concerned NASA and chief rocket designer Wernher von Braun. So, late in the game, the space agency decided to insert one more unmanned test flight into the Mercury project's schedule.
That flight took place on March 24, 1961. Everything worked well, clearing the way for Shepard's manned mission, which had been pushed back to May as a result.
While the additional test was done to help ensure Shepard's safety, he seems to have felt NASA was dilly-dallying a bit too much, according to Thompson.
Astronaut Alan B. Shepard, Jr. sits in his Freedom 7 Mercury capsule, ready for launch. Just 23 days earlier, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin had become the first man in space. After several delays and more than four hours in the capsule, Shepard was ready to go, and he famously urged mission controllers to ''fix your little problem and light this candle."
Credit: NASA
"In the book, I have a quote from him that says, 'We had 'em by the short hairs,'" Thompson told SPACE.com. "He felt like we had the capability to do it, and we nitpicked for too long and allowed ourselves to get beat."
Not one to dwell on the past
While Shepard was apparently frustrated that Gagarin beat him into space, he remained very proud of his achievement, and of his role in kicking off the American human spaceflight program, according to Thompson. [ Video: Yuri Gagarin: First Man in Space ]
"He always did say that he was proudest of being selected to go first," Thompson said. "And 'selected' is key."
Gagarin's victory may have bothered Shepard some, but it didn't devastate him. He wasn't the type of person to look back, after all — or to dwell on the past.
For example, after his history-making flight, Shepard developed an inner-ear disorder that grounded him for years. But he eventually bounced back, becoming the fifth person to walk on the moon as part of the Apollo 14 mission in 1971. He accomplished this at the age of 47, and he remains the oldest person ever to set foot on the lunar surface.
And after his astronaut career, Shepard continued looking forward, becoming a successful businessman.
Shepard "just plowed ahead," Thompson said. "He just kept busy. He became, according to most of the astronauts, the first millionaire astronaut, because he was very successful in business. He was just sort of exuberant in everything he did and pretty much successful in everything he did."
NASA looked forward, too
Gagarin's flight was a public-relations coup for the Soviet Union in its Cold War space race against the United States. But the news, while doubtless disappointing, didn't cause a great deal of panic in NASA circles, historians say.
Rather, the agency kept developing its human spaceflight program, adhering to a schedule that it felt would reap the most long-term rewards.
"They had a program in place, and it was making good headway," said Roger Launius, space history curator at the Smithsonian's National Air and Space Museum. "And they knew they were on the verge of flying within a very short period of time."
That's not to say Gagarin's mission had no impact on NASA. Rather, his achievement, coupled with another Soviet victory — the October 1957 launch of Sputnik, the world's first artificial satellite — helped spur NASA on to perhaps its greatest achievement: Putting a man on the moon in 1969. [ Giant Leaps: Top Milestones in Human Spaceflight ]
President John F. Kennedy, after all, announced this ambitious goal to the nation on May 25, 1961, just six weeks after Gagarin landed.
Gagarin's flight was important in helping to shape this decision, Launius said, but so were other factors. One of these was the disastrous Bay of Pigs invasion — an unsuccessful attempt by the U.S. to overthrow the Cuban government of Fidel Castro, which was backed by the Soviet Union.
The invasion began on April 17, 1961 — just five days after Gagarin's mission — when a small group of CIA-trained Cuban exiles stormed the island nation. They were defeated within three days.
"That really did send the Kennedy administration over the edge, saying, 'Oh my God, we've got to do something to look like we are as good as the Russians," Launius told SPACE.com. "And the result of that was the decision to go to the moon."
You can follow SPACE.com senior writer Mike Wall on Twitter: @michaeldwall . Follow SPACE.com for the latest in space science and exploration news on Twitter @Spacedotcom and on Facebook .
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Lady Jane Grey, known as the ‘Nine Day Queen’, was executed during the reign of which English monarch? | BBC - History - Historic Figures: Lady Jane Grey (1537 - 1554)
z
Lady Jane Grey © Jane was nominal queen of England for just nine days in 1553, as part of an unsuccessful bid to prevent the accession of the Catholic Mary Tudor.
Jane was born in the autumn of 1537, the daughter of the Marquess of Dorset. Through her mother, Lady Frances Brandon, she was the great-granddaughter of Henry VII. At around the age of 10, Jane entered the household of Henry VIII's last queen, Katherine Parr where she was exposed to a strongly Protestant, academic environment. Jane developed into an intelligent and pious woman.
In October 1551, her father was created duke of Suffolk and Jane began to appear at court. There, real power lay in the hands of the fiercely Protestant Duke of Northumberland, who acted as regent to the young king, Edward VI. In May 1553, Jane was married to Northumberland's son, Lord Guildford Dudley.
It became clear that Edward was dying, and Northumberland was desperate to prevent the throne passing to Edward's half-sister and heir, the Catholic Mary Tudor. Northumberland persuaded the king to declare Mary illegitimate, as well as Edward's other half-sister Elizabeth, and alter the line of succession to pass to Jane.
Edward died on 6 July 1553. Four days later, Jane was proclaimed queen. However, Mary Tudor had widespread popular support and by mid-July, even Suffolk had abandoned his daughter and was attempting to save himself by proclaiming Mary queen. Northumberland's supporters melted away and Suffolk easily persuaded his daughter to relinquish the crown.
Mary imprisoned Jane, her husband and her father in the Tower of London. While Suffolk was pardoned, Jane and her husband were tried for high treason in November 1553. Jane pleaded guilty and was sentenced to death. The carrying out of the sentence was suspended, but Suffolk's support for Sir Thomas Wyatt's rebellion in February 1554 sealed Jane's fate. On 12 February, she and her husband were beheaded. Her father followed them two days later.
| Mary I |
The medical condition arthralgia affects which parts of the human body? | Jane Grey, Queen of England (disputed) (c.1537 - 1554) - Genealogy
Queen of England
Oct 1537 - Bradgate Manor, Bradgate Park, Leicester, England
Death:
Feb 12 1553 - Tower Hill, Tower Of London, MDX, England
Parents:
Between Oct 11 1537 and Nov 10 1537 - Manor, Yorkshire, England
Death:
Feb 22 1554 - City of London, Middlesex, England
Husband:
Cause of death: Decapitation, Capital punishment - Feb 12 1554 - Tower of London
Parents:
Frances Grey, Duchess of Suffolk, Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk
Siblings:
Lady Catherine Grey, Lady Mary Grey
Husband:
Oct 1537 - Bradgate, Leicestershire, England
Death:
Feb 12 1554 - Tower Green, Tower of London, London, England
Parents:
Duke Henry, Lady Frances Grey
Husband:
[ http://www.thepeerage.com/p10152.htm ]
Lady Jane Grey was born in October 1537 at Bradgate Manor, Bradgate, Leicestershire, England.3 She was also reported to have been born in 1536/37.4
She was the daughter of Sir Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk and Lady Frances Brandon. She married Lord Guilford Dudley, son of John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland and Jane Guilford, on 21 May 1553.3
She died on 12 February 1554 at age 16 executed.5
She was buried at Church of St. Peter ad Vincula, the Tower, The City, London, England.1
Lady Jane Grey gained the title of Queen Jane I of England on 10 July 1553.3
She was deposed as Queen of England on 19 July 1553.5 She has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.6
Citations
1. [S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 160. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Family.
2. [S3409] Caroline Maubois, "re: Penancoet Family," e-mail message to Darryl Roger Lundy, 2 December 2008. Hereinafter cited as "re: Penancoet Family."
3. [S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family, page 158.
4. [S4172] Unknown author, "unknown article title", Notes and Queries : volume 55, no. 2, page 146-148.
5. [S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family, page 159.
6. [S18] Matthew H.C.G., editor, Dictionary of National Biography on CD-ROM (Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1995), reference "Dudley, Lady Jane, 1537-1554". Hereinafter cited as Dictionary of National Biography.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Lady Jane Grey
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jane, Queen of England and Ireland (1536/1537 â 12 February 1554), more commonly known as Lady Jane Grey, was a claimant to the Kingdom of England and Kingdom of Ireland, who was de facto monarch of England for just over a week in 1553.
Executed on 12 February 1554, Lady Jane Grey's claimed rule of less than two weeks in July 1553 is the shortest rule of England in the history of the country. Popular history sometimes refers to Lady Jane as "The Nine Days' Queen"[2] or, less commonly, as "The nine Day Queen" owing to disagreements about the beginning of her claimed rule. Historians have taken either the day of her official proclamation as Queen (10 July) or that of her predecessor's death (6 July) as the beginning.
Lady Jane had a reputation as one of the most learned women of her day[citation needed], and the historical writer Alison Weir describes her as one of "the finest female minds of the century". She is sometimes reckoned the first Queen regnant of England.[3]
Early life and education
Jane, the eldest daughter of Henry Grey, Marquess of Dorset and his wife Lady Frances Brandon, was born at Bradgate Park in Leicestershire. The traditional view is that she was born around October 1537, but recent research has led to the claim that she was born earlier, on an unknown date in late 1536 or early 1537.[5] Lady Frances was the daughter of Princess Mary, the younger sister of Henry VIII, and was thus the first cousin of Edward VI. Jane had two younger sisters, Lady Katherine Grey and Lady Mary Grey; through their mother, the three sisters were members of the House of Tudor: great-granddaughters of Henry VII and grandnieces of Henry VIII. Jane could claim descent twice from 15th century Royal consort Elizabeth Woodville; paternally through Woodville's first husband, Sir John Grey of Groby, and maternally through her second husband King Edward IV. Jane received a comprehensive education, and studied Latin, Greek and Hebrew as well as contemporary languages. Through the teachings of her tutors, she became a committed Protestant.
Jane had a difficult childhood. Even for the harsher standards of the time, Frances Brandon was an abusive, cruel, and domineering woman who felt that Jane was weak and gentle and held her under a strict disciplinary regime.[6] Her daughter's meekness and quiet, unassuming manner irritated Frances who sought to 'harden' the child with regular beatings. Devoid of a mother's love and craving affection and understanding, Jane turned to books as solace and quickly mastered skills in the arts and languages.[citation needed] However, she felt that nothing she could do would please her parents. Speaking to a visitor, Cambridge scholar Roger Ascham, tutor to the Lady Elizabeth, she said:
For when I am in the presence of either Father or Mother, whether I speak, keep silence, sit, stand or go, eat, drink, be merry or sad, be sewing, playing, dancing, or doing anything else, I must do it as it were in such weight, measure and number, even so perfectly as God made the world; or else I am so sharply taunted, so cruelly threatened, yes presently sometimes with pinches, nips and bobs and other ways ... that I think myself in hell.[7]
In 1546, at less than 10 years old, Jane was sent to live as the ward of 35-year old Katherine Parr, then Queen Consort of England, who had married Henry VIII in 1543. At this time, young Jane became acquainted with her royal cousins, Edward, Mary, and Elizabeth. Katherine was a sensible, maternal woman who was excellent with children, and with Jane she was no exception. It is probable that Jane's days as Katherine's ward were the happiest of her short life.
[edit]Contracts for marriage
See also: Third Succession Act
After Henry VIII died, Katherine Parr married Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley. Unfortunately, Katherine died shortly after the birth of her only child, Mary Seymour, in late 1548, leaving the young Jane once again bereft of a maternal figure. Jane acted as chief mourner at Katherine's funeral.
Thomas Seymour proposed marrying Jane to the newly-crowned Edward VI of England, but Thomas' brother, Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset, who ruled as Lord Protector, had already arranged a match for the king with Princess Elisabeth of France, the daughter of Henry II of France.
With two conflicting goals, the Seymour brothers engaged in a power struggle. However, primarily due to the ill health of the young king, the marriage between Edward and Jane never took place. The Seymour brothers were eventually both tried for treason and executed after a coup by the ambitious John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland.
Jane was next contracted in marriage to Lord Hertford, the eldest son of the late Duke of Somerset.[citation needed] However, ongoing negotiations between her mother, Frances Brandon, and Northumberland led to a proposed marriage to Lord Guilford Dudley, son of the newly powerful Duke. Jane considered Guilford Dudley an arrogant bully, and had stated her preference for a single life, but her mother made her submit to the arrangement.[8] The couple were married, at Durham House,[9] in a double wedding with Jane's sister Catherine and Lord Herbert, son of Lord Pembroke, on 21 May 1553.
[edit]Claim to the throne and accession
According to male primogeniture, the Suffolks â the Brandons and, later, the Greys â comprised the junior branch of the heirs of Henry VII. The Third Succession Act restored both Mary and Elizabeth to the line of succession, although the law continued to regard both of them as illegitimate. Furthermore, this Act authorised Henry VIII to alter the succession by his will. Henry's last will reinforced the succession of his three surviving children, then declared that, should none of his three children leave heirs, the throne would pass to heirs of his younger sister, Mary Tudor, Queen of France, who included Jane. Henry's will excluded the descendants of his elder sister Margaret Tudor, owing in part to Henry's desire to keep the English throne out of the hands of the Scots monarchs, and in part to a previous Act of Parliament of 1431 barring foreign-born persons, including royalty, from inheriting property in England.
At the time of Edward's death, the crown would pass to Mary and her male (not female) heirs. Should Mary die without male issue, the crown would then pass to Elizabeth and her male heirs. Should Elizabeth die without male issue, the crown would pass not to Frances Brandon, but rather to any male children she might have produced by that time. In the absence of male children born to Frances, the crown would pass to any male children Jane might have.
When Edward VI lay dying in 1553 at age 15, his Catholic half-sister Mary was still the heiress presumptive to the throne. However, Edward named the (Protestant) heirs of his father's sister, Mary Tudor as his successors in a will composed on his deathbed,[11] perhaps under the persuasion of Northumberland. Both Edward and Northumberland knew that this effectively left the throne to Edward's cousin Jane Grey, who (like them) staunchly supported Protestantism.
This may have contravened customary testatory law because Edward had not reached the legal testatory age of 21. More importantly, many contemporary legal theorists believed the monarch could not contravene an Act of Parliament, even in matters of the succession; Jane's claim to the throne therefore remained obviously weak. Other historians believed that the King could basically rule through divine right. Henry VII had, after all, seized the throne from Richard III on the battlefield.
Edward VI died on 6 July 1553. Four days later, Northumberland had Lady Jane Grey proclaimed Queen of England on 10 July 1553 - once she had taken up a secure residence in the Tower of London (English monarchs customarily resided in the Tower from the time of accession until their coronation). Jane refused to name her husband Dudley as king by letters patent and deferred to Parliament. She offered to make him Duke of Clarence instead.
A Genoese merchant, Baptista Spinola, who witnessed Jane's stately procession by water from Syon House to the Tower of London, describes her in these words, "This Jane is very short and thin, but prettily shaped and graceful. She has small features, and a well-made nose, the mouth flexible and the lips red. The eyebrows are arched and darker than her hair which is nearly red. Her eyes are sparkling, and reddish brown in colour."[12] He also noticed her freckled skin, and sharp, white teeth. On the day of her procession she wore a green velvet gown stamped in gold.[13]
Northumberland faced a number of key tasks in order to consolidate his power after Edward's death. Most importantly, he had to isolate and, ideally, capture Lady Mary in order to prevent her from gathering support around her. Mary, however, learned of his intentions and took flight, sequestering herself in Framlingham Castle in Suffolk.
Within only nine days, Mary had managed to find sufficient support to ride into London in a triumphal procession on 19 July. Parliament had no choice but to declare Mary the rightful Queen and denounced and revoked Jane's proclamation as having been coerced. Mary imprisoned Jane and her husband in the Gentleman Gaoler's apartments at the Tower of London, although their lives were initially spared. The Duke of Northumberland was executed on 21 August 1553.
[edit]Trial and execution
Jane and Lord Guilford Dudley were both charged with high treason, together with two of Dudley's brothers.[14] Their trial, by a special commission, took place on 13 November 1553,[14] at the Guildhall in the City of London.[2] The commission was chaired by Sir Thomas White, Lord Mayor of London,[2][15] and included Edward Stanley, 3rd Earl of Derby[16] and John Bourchier, 2nd Earl of Bath.[17] Both defendants were found guilty and sentenced to death.[14] Jane's sentence was that she "be burned alive [the traditional English punishment for treason committed by women] on Tower Hill or beheaded as the Queen pleases."[2] However, the imperial ambassador reported to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, that her life was to be spared.[14]
The Protestant rebellion of Thomas Wyatt the younger in late January 1554 sealed Jane's fate, although she had nothing to do with it directly. Wyatt's rebellion started as a popular revolt, precipitated by the imminent marriage of Mary to the Roman Catholic Prince Philip (later King of Spain from 1556 to 1598). Jane's father (the Duke of Suffolk) and other nobles joined the rebellion, calling for Jane's restoration as Queen. Philip and his councillors pressed Mary to execute Jane to put an end to any future focus for unrest. Five days after Wyatt's arrest the execution of Jane and Guilford took place.
On the morning of 12 February 1554, the authorities took Guilford from his rooms at the Tower of London to the public execution place at Tower Hill and there had him beheaded. A horse and cart brought his remains back to the Tower of London, past the rooms where Jane remained as a prisoner. Jane was then taken out to Tower Green, inside the Tower of London, and beheaded in private. With few exceptions, only royalty were afforded the privilege of a private execution; Jane's execution was conducted in private on the orders of Queen Mary, as a gesture of respect for her cousin.
According to the account of her execution given in the anonymous Chronicle of Queen Jane and of Two Years of Queen Mary, which formed the basis for Raphael Holinshed's depiction, Guilford faced the block first, and from her lodgings at Partridge's house, Jane viewed his body being removed from the Tower Green. Upon ascending the scaffold, she gave a speech to the assembled crowd:[18]
Good people, I am come hither to die, and by a law I am condemned to the same. The fact, indeed, against the Queen's highness was unlawful, and the consenting thereunto by me: but touching the procurement and desire thereof by me or on my behalf, I do wash my hands thereof in innocency, before God, and the face of you, good Christian people, this day.
She then recited Psalm 51 (Have mercy upon me, O God) in English,[18] and handed her gloves and handkerchief to her maid. John Feckenham, a Roman Catholic chaplain sent by Mary who had failed to convert Jane, stayed with her during the execution. The executioner asked her forgiveness, and she gave it.[18] She pleaded the axeman, "I pray you dispatch me quickly". Referring to her blindfold, she asked, "Will you take it off before I lay me down?" and the axeman answered, "No, madam". She then blindfolded herself. Jane had resolved to go to her death with dignity, but once blindfolded, failing to find the block with her hands, began to panic and cried, "What shall I do? Where is it?"[18] An unknown hand, possibly Feckenham's, then helped her find her way and retain her dignity at the end. With her head on the block, Jane spoke the last words of Christ as recounted by Luke: "Lord, into thy hands I commend my spirit!"[18] She was then beheaded.
"The traitor-heroine of the Reformation", as historian Albert Pollard called her,[19] was merely 16 or 17 years old at the time of her execution. Apparently, Frances Brandon made no attempt, pleading or otherwise, to save her daughter's life; Jane's father already awaited execution for his part in the Wyatt rebellion. Jane and Guilford are buried in the Chapel of St Peter ad Vincula on the north side of Tower Green. Queen Mary lived for only four years after she ordered the death of her cousin.
Henry, Duke of Suffolk, Jane's father, was executed a week after Jane, on 19 February 1554. Merely three weeks after her husband's death and not even a month since her daughter's, Frances Brandon shocked the English court by marrying Master of the Horse and chamberlain, Adrian Stokes. Some historians believe she deliberately chose to do this to distance herself from her previous status. She was fully pardoned by Mary and allowed to live at Court with her two surviving daughters. She is not known to have mentioned Jane ever again and was seemingly as indifferent to her child in death as she had been in life.
References
^ Higgins, Charlotte (2006-01-16). "Is this the true face of Lady Jane?". The Guardian. Retrieved on 2008-05-11.
^ a b c d "Factsheet: Lady Jane Grey, Nine Days Queen" (PDF). Tower of London. Historic Royal Palaces. Retrieved on 2008-05-11.
^ Mary I was the first undisputed Queen regnant. Jane and the Empress Matilda were both de facto monarchs for short periods, but Matilda used the title "Lady of the English", not queen.
^ Historic UK- Lady Jane Grey
^ "On the Birthdate of Lady Jane Grey," Notes and Queries Vol. 54, no. 3 (Sept 2007, University of Oxford Journals Press), pp. 240-242; "A Further Note on the Birthdate of Lady Jane Grey," Notes and Queries Vol. 55, no. 1 (June 2008).
^ Waller, Maureen (2006). Sovereign Ladies: Sex, Sacrifice, and Power. New York: St. Martin's Press. p. 44. ISBN 0-312-33801-5.
^ Waller, Maureen (2006). Sovereign Ladies: Sex, Sacrifice, and Power. New York: St. Martin's Press. p. 45. ISBN 0-312-33801-5.
^ Farquhar, Michael (2001). A Treasure of Royal Scandals, p.109. Penguin Books, New York. ISBN 0739420259.
^ Alison Plowden "The House of Tudor", page 151
^ James, S.: "Lady Jane Grey or Queen Kateryn Parr?", The Burlington Magazine, CXXXVIII, 1114 (January 1996), pp. 20-24.
^ Unknown (1850). "Will of Edward VI". in Nichols, John Gough, ed.. Chronicle of Queen Jane and of Two Years of Queen Mary. The Camden Society.
^ Alison Plowden "The House of Tudor", page 155
^ Alison Plowden "The House of Tudor", page 155
^ a b c d Plowden, Alison (2004-09-23). "Grey, Lady Jane (1534â1554), noblewoman and claimant to the English throne". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0198613628.
^ Shepard, Alexandra (2004-09-23). "White, Sir Thomas (1495?â1567), founder of St John's College, Oxford". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0198613628.
^ Knafla, Louis A. (2004-09-23). "Stanley, Edward, third earl of Derby (1509â1572), magnate". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0198613628.
^ Lundy, Darryl (2008-05-09). "John Bourchier, 2nd Earl of Bath". ThePeerage.com. Retrieved on 2008-05-11.
^ a b c d e Unknown (1850). Nichols, John Gough, ed.. ed. Chronicle of Queen Jane and of Two Years of Queen Mary. The Camden Society.
^ Pollard, Albert J. (1911). The History of England. London: Longmans, Green. p. 111.
[edit]Bibliography
Cook, Faith (2005). The Nine Day Queen of England. Evangelical Press. ISBN 9780852346136.
Plowden, Alison (1985). Lady Jane Grey: Nine Days Queen.
Weir, Alison. Children of England: The Heirs of King Henry VIII.
Bradford, Karleen. The Nine Days Queen.
de Lisle, Leanda (2009). The Sisters Who Would be Queen; The Tragedy of Mary, Katherine & Lady Jane Grey..
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Jane_Grey
Known as The Nine Days' Queen,[2] was an English noblewoman who occupied the English throne from 10 until 19 July 1553 and was executed for high treason. Contradicting the Succession Act, which restored Mary and Elizabeth to the line of succession, Edward named Dudley's daughter-in-law Lady Jane Grey, the granddaughter of Henry VIII's younger sister Mary, as his successor. Lady Jane's mother was Frances Brandon, who was Mary's cousin and goddaughter. Just before Edward VI's death, Mary was summoned to London to visit her dying brother. She was warned, however, that the summons was a pretext on which to capture her and thereby facilitate Lady Jane's accession to the throne.[70] Instead of heading to London from her residence at Hunsdon, Mary fled into East Anglia, where she owned extensive estates and Dudley had ruthlessly put down Kett's Rebellion. Many adherents to the Catholic faith, opponents of Dudley, lived there.[71] On 9 July, from Kenninghall, Norfolk, she wrote to the privy council with orders for her proclamation as Edward's successor.[72]
On 10 July 1553, Lady Jane was proclaimed queen by Dudley and his supporters, and on the same day Mary's letter to the council arrived in London. By 12 July, Mary and her supporters had assembled a military force at Framlingham Castle, Suffolk.[73] Dudley's support collapsed, and Mary's grew.[74] Jane was deposed on 19 July.[75] She and Dudley were imprisoned in the Tower of London. Mary rode triumphantly into London on 3 August 1553 on a wave of popular support. She was accompanied by her half-sister Elizabeth, and a procession of over 800 nobles and gentlemen.[76] wikipedia.
Lady Jane Grey, Queen of England (disputed)'s Timeline
1537
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Who won the Yashin Award for the Best Goalkeeper in the 1998 World Cup? | 10 Legendary Goalkeepers In Fifa World Cup History
10 Legendary Goalkeepers In Fifa World Cup History
by Sameer Arshad | Posted on Friday, April 25th, 2014 | 0
#1. Lev Yashin (USSR)
World Cups: 4 (1958, 1962, 1966, 1970)
World Cup Wins: none
International Caps: 78 (1954–1970)
Widely regarded as the best goal keeper in the history of world football by IFFHS. “Golden Glove award” is named after him and being considered the greatest goalkeeper of all times without winning the world cup is saying somthing.
Playing under the flag of soviet union, Yashin guided his national side to European Championship glory in 1960, he also played a big role in gold medal victory in Olympic football event. He also won the “European footballer of the year” award as a goalkeeper first time in history.
Yashin stopped 151 penalty kicks in his career and kept 270 cleansheets while playing for both national side and the club side Dynamo Moscow. He started the trend of pushing ball out of danger instead of trying to catch. He also started quick throwballs to start counter attacking football.
#2. Dino Zoff (Italy)
World Cups – (1970, 1974, 1978, 1982)
World Cup Wins – (1982)
Total Italy Caps – 112 (1968 to 1983)
The greatest Italian goalkeeper, yes even better than Gigi Buffon. Zoff played through 60’s to 80’s with Italian national side and big name in Juventus history. He was part of Italy squad in 4 fifa world cups and won the trophy as a captain in 1982. He also won 5 back to back league titles with Juventus.
Zoff has many records to his name the most notable of longest time without conceding a goal in international football which is around (1,142 minutes). Once retired, he started coaching career and managed several clubs in Italy before took on the role as national team coach.
#3. Iker Casillas (Spain)
World Cups: (2002, 2006, 2010)
World Cup Wins: (2010)
International Caps: 153
The greatest shot stoppers in the history of world football ? fair enough ? Iker Casillas has won everything with his national side and club side Real Madrid, since we are talking about international football we stick to his achievments in world cups and european championships. Casillas was part of spain squad in 2002 world cup, started as the main goal-keeper in 2006 and won his first major trophy with spain team in 2008 euro championship.
In 2010 he guided Spain to World Cup glory and only conceded two goals in whole tournament keeping 5 clean sheets, he won the golden glove award for his impressive performances in world cup 2010. In Euro 2012 he again guided spain to championship glory winning three back to back major international tournaments as captain.
He is still going strong and already have more than 150 caps to his name, will probably captain Spain in 2014 world cup in Brazil.
#4. Gylmar dos Santos Neves (Brazil)
World Cups: 3 (1958, 1962, 1966)
World Cup wins: 2 (1958, 1962)
International Caps: 104 (1953–1969)
Gylmar played 104 times for Brazil and only conceded 95 goals in his international career, he was part of three consecutive world cups for Brazil from 1958 to 66 and won the world cup twice. Gylmar is the only goalkeeper in the history to have won back to back world cups which makes his record even more unique.
#5. Sepp Maier (West Germany)
World Cups: 4 (1966, 1970, 1974, 1978)
World Cup wins: 1 (1974)
International Caps: 95 (1966–1979)
Maier was a German legend in every sence, he played around 550 games for Bayern Munich won three back to back European cups in 1970’s. He was part of West Germany squad for 4 consecutive world cups, He hit the peak of his career in 1974 world cup and guided germany to world cup glory in home soil while a couple of years before he won European Championship with Germany.
#6. Gordon Banks (England)
World Cups: 2 (1966, 1970)
World Cup wins: 1 (1966)
International Caps: 73 (1963–1972)
The greatest English goalkeeper to have graced the game of football. Banks started each and every game of 1966 world leading England to glory for the first time in world cup history. He was also part o 1970 world cup where his performances were great and his save on Pele’s shot became the “greatest save ever”
Gordon often says that people remember me more for the this save than the world cup glory in 1966. Banks played for many clubs in England and notched 558 appearences in his club career.
#7. Gianluigi Buffon (Italy)
World Cups: 3 (2002, 2006, 2010)
World Cup wins: 1 (2006)
International Caps: 139 (1997 to date)
Buffon is a legendry footballer from Italy, still going strong at the age of 40, he will captain Italy in 2014 world cup which will be his fourth he has been declared Serie A goalkeeper of the year 8 times. He hit the peak of his career in 2006 world cup when only conceded 2 goals and kept 5 cleansheets won the Yashin award (Golden Gloves) for his superb performances.
#8. Fabian Barthez (France)
World Cups: 3 (1998, 2002, 2006)
World Cup wins: 1 (1998)
International Caps: 87 (1994–2007)
Barthez was named best goalkeeper in 1998 world cup where he only conceded two goals in the tounament leading France to World Cup victory at home, he was also the first choice in 2000 Euro Championship. Played in 2002 world cup and 2004 European championships. But his another notable interntional performance came in 2006 world cup where he guided France to world cup finals only to lose against Italy.
#9. Rinat Dasayev (USSR)
World Cups: 3 (1982, 1986, 1990)
World Cup wins:
International Caps: 91 (1979, 1991)
Another great from the Societ Union, he never won the world cup but played in three consecutive championships. Played a total of 91 times for USSR between 1979 to 1991.
#10. Oliver Kahn (Germany)
| Fabien Barthez |
On a mobile phone keypad, the letters ‘jkl’ are on which number button? | People's Daily Online -- Buffon wins Yashin award
UPDATED: 17:10, July 10, 2006
Buffon wins Yashin award
Italian goalkeeper Gianluigi Buffon has won the Lev Yashin Award for the best goalkeeper at the FIFA World Cup finals.
Italy , who won the 2006 World Cup title on Sunday night, conceded only two goals in their seven matches in Germany . The first was an own goal in the 1-1 draw with the United States in the group stage. The other was a penalty made by France playmaker Zinedine Zidane in the final.
Buffon, the Juventus star, is a worthy successor to Belgium 's legendary Michel Preud' Homme, flamboyant French keeper Fabien Barthez and Germany's Oliver Kahn, the Yashin award winners in 1994, 1998 and 2002 respectively.
Buffon has been singled out as a potential all-time great ever since making his Serie A debut at tender age of 17 years and nine months.
Buffon wasted no time in making his mark at Germany 2006. Buffon's acrobatics in his side's opening game against Ghana were ample proof of his full recovery from the potentially career-threatening shoulder injury suffered at the beginning of the 2005/06 season.
Despite having to endure a number of other knocks and niggles throughout the campaign, Buffon timed his return to full fitness perfectly, hitting top form to help the Vecchia Signora clinch the league title and the Azzurri lift the FIFA World Cup.
Buffon's toughest test came in the group game against Czech Republic, going head-to-head with Juventus club-mate Pavel Nedved. After an intriguing duel, it was the keeper who came out on top, keeping a clean sheet in Italy's 2-0 win.
In one of the highlights of Italy's campaign, Buffon ran the length of field to celebrate with his team-mates after Marco Materazzi's opener against Czech Republic. With the benefit of hindsight, this was the first sign that an indomitable team spirit was being forged among the members of Marcello Lippi's squad.
In the Final itself, Buffon overcame the blow of conceding an early Zinedine Zidane penalty to put in an exemplary display, typified in the second half when he tipped over a goalbound Zidane header. Not may would argue against the fact that Buffon is a worthy FIFA World Cup winner and a deserved recipient of the Lev Yashin Award.
Source: Xinhua
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Which band released a 2007 album entitled ‘Favourite Worst Nightmare’? | Arctic Monkeys: Favourite Worst Nightmare (Standard Version) - Music on Google Play
Full Review
Lisa Wms March 19, 2016
I was lucky enough to pay 99¢... ... so even if you've never heard of AM before, go ahead, buy this album 'cause every song is certainly worth that $1 and more. Maybe they all just got together and jammed. But to me, the entire album sounds like a well-oiled machine where nothing was left to chance. I hear a great deal of effort and dedication put into each part. I feel everybody on board, having fun making a quality production. And so to AM I say, “Thanks for a wonderful album and a job well done!”
Full Review
Joel Curran December 25, 2014
Genius The album AM and Favorite Worst Nightmare are both wonderful crafts all in their own. The poetic elements that create the persona of this band and their albums thrills me every time I listen to their music. I'm a big fan of the band and their work, an even bigger fan of the two albums AM and Favorite Worst Nightmare. They bring a lot of poetic justice to alternative rock. I love it.
Full Review
Claudia Wu January 25, 2015
This album is D is for Divine Favourite Worst Nightmare beats AM by a trillionfold; sucks that they were thrown into the mainstream because of AM. It's extremely irritating that many fangirls say they "love" Arctic Monkeys when they only listen to their AM album. The lyrical imagery in the album is truly astounding and it never fails to give me great chills. Undoubtedly, Alex has a way with words. FWN is a perfect album for any mood. Listen to Balaclava! I think it's underrated, but a true masterpiece along with the rest of their songs.
Full Review
Carlos Demarchi March 11, 2014
Aweso.. Wait, Amazi... No, Incredibly This album has so much quality, it has that energy that makes you just wanna listen to it all day. All the song are brilliant. Someone can't just define this album in one word.
Full Review
Alex H January 26, 2016
Listened to every album I've listened to every album and my favorite by arctic monkeys has to be either Suck it and See or Humbug. But my favourite song comes from this album, I haven't found a song better than fluorescent adolescent in quite sometime now
Full Review
Bobby Meyer April 20, 2015
10/10 litaraly my favorite album ever Every single song on this album is perfect. They all are unique. Each song experience's some original. Top songs of album are D is for dangerous , This house is a circus
Full Review
DJ LEGION March 19, 2016
I want more These guys are obviously crackerjack musicians and good song writers and this album is way better than the drivel most of the other teen audience bands are putting out - I'll give them that. But most of these songs just never took it to the next level for me. It wasn't until the 5th track: Florescent Adolescent that a song really held my interest. All the kiddies give this album 5 stars. Zeppelin IV is a 5 star album. This is a 3 star one. For 99cents, I did pick it up though.
Full Review
Garrett Luttrell September 10, 2013
Masterpiece AM at their best. Each song is distinctly unique. Beautifully constructed rhythms and imaginative lyrics. Not just run of the mill chord changes (like 95% of music is nowadays -_-)
Full Review
Kasmira Trevorrow March 11, 2013
One of my top ten fav. bands I love arctic monkeys, its so different from the poppy crap (no offence if you like that stuff) that everyone listens to, you should definitely get this album, if only one song, florescent adolescence or old yellow bricks in my opinion.
Full Review
rudy villegas June 9, 2013
5+ This is one of the albums with most of my favorite songs like old yellow bricks 505 ready picker and brainstorm we're really good songs I like how they use 505 to end the album ;)
Full Review
Lizeth Tizoc-Perez July 6, 2014
505 Keeps Glitching Purchased this album as a huge long time fan of AM but I'm disappointed at this song that just won't play. (Nexus 5) please fix.
shaun montgomery June 1, 2015
Arctic monkeys, favorite worse nightmare Arctic monkeys keep getting better
Full Review
Cody Dickinson December 27, 2012
Absolute gold THE BASS LINES. Very catchy, very dancy, great riffs. If you get a chance, grab the B-sides.
Full Review
Sara-Jo Niedfelt-Schneider November 7, 2015
Down right majestic Every song gets into your body and had some sort of effect in its own way
Full Review
Isaac Warren June 29, 2014
Best by far This album is extremely great with every song's thought out lyrics and theme. Highly recommended
Fredy Martinez September 2, 2014
Top 5 Brianstorm, Balaclava, The Bad Thing, If you were there beware, 505
Alithehuman 19 March 22, 2015
Best you've ever had This is one of the best arctic monkeys album
Full Review
Elmer Miranda November 16, 2014
a must have If your a fan of Arctic Monkeys this album is a must have. Its the second album of theirs i think that you can listen to and never skip a song.
Full Review
Omar Cazares May 9, 2016
Great album! this album is one of a kind, it has a unique sound and very genius lyrics that only Alex can give, hes such a talented artist! Good one guys three thumbs up ;)
Steven Razo July 27, 2013
Nothing else to say other then This is such a fantastic album.
Omar Romero February 17, 2013
THIS IS FREAKING AWESOME I love this band and its not to mainstream for me
Luis Morales September 9, 2014
Amo esta banda, yo escucho death metal pero los Arctic son mi lado tierno xD
Juan David Leon November 10, 2014
Excelente Todo el álbum es una muy buena composición y mezcla de sonidos
alberto corral August 21, 2013
I love it. The songs are just amazing.
Jerson Pacheco July 16, 2014
Masterpiece Los consolida en la escena del indie y deja temas que son clásicos ya
Paige McFarlain April 2, 2015
Love this album! Probably my all-time favorite Arctic Monkeys album. Every song rocks!
Ashlie Brewer March 21, 2015
Absolutely love this album. Especially Fluorescent Adolescent.
Rodell Smith March 26, 2016
Will awareness's we k I safely o grave qrs fun PlqqQoqwquick WW
Larry Lopez March 31, 2016
Hey there I'm not sure that the way you. Put it ESS right
David Doluca June 30, 2015
Favorite song is 505 The best AM album, 5 stars from me.
Cameron Smith March 19, 2016
Great album! My favorite by Arctic Monkeys; perennially on my iPod.
Zoe Joy June 7, 2014
Arrive monkeys are life I love this album and all of the others. Huge fan
Francisco Quintero July 16, 2014
Awesoness Awesoness is the second name of this album!!
Harrison Sim-Broder December 3, 2014
Awesome. Best album by them by far. So much better than rap!
Matt Herrera May 24, 2014
Best album they have ever made. Mostly this house is a circus
Jazz Wilson April 27, 2015
One of my favourite albums Beautiful musical work. Amazing!
João Beneditti April 2, 2016
Best album ever Why is it so freakin addictive? Masterpiece
Racheal Whitfield April 3, 2016
umm my songs
Daviel Salgado March 25, 2016
One of my faves
| Arctic Monkeys |
Which was the first English football club to win the European Cup Final? | Malahide Castle, Dublin | News | Arctic Monkeys
15.02.07
Malahide Castle, Dublin
Arctic Monkeys are pleased to announce that they will play their own show at Malahide Castle, Dublin on Saturday 16th June 2007.
The band will perform songs from their hugely anticipated second album entitled, 'Favourite Worst Nightmare' (released 23rd April), including the new single 'Brianstorm' (released 16th April). Support acts will be announced shortly.
The tickets for the event will go on general sale on Thursday 22nd February 2007 at 9am.
CC Hotlines: 0818 719 300
| i don't know |
What type of weather condition is a Meltemi? | Meltemi wind - Greek Meltemi winds Turkey Greece - Yachting and Sailing vacations the Aegean.
The Meltemi in Greece & Turkey
The Meltemi wind was known by the old Greeks as the Etesian
northern winds, and results from a high pressure system
(>1025)
laying over the Balkan/Hungary area and a relatively low pressure
(<1010)
system over Turkey .
Although this katabatic wind
can bring about harsh sailing conditions it also provides cooling, low humidity and good visibility. Furthermore, it can be characterized as one of the few Mediterranean winds that do not necessarily die out at the end of the day and can easily last more than three to six days. See my climate page for Greek weather statistics.
The onset is the monsoonal
effect of the summer season that leads to the development of an intense heat trough over southern Asia extending westward over the Anatolian plateau. Higher pressure dominates over the relatively cooler surface of the Mediterranean Sea, and settled, dry weather persists. Northerly winds prevail along the Greek coast during the winter also, but only those northerly winds occurring between May and November are considered Etesian. The pressure gradients necessary to drive the Meltemi result from a combination of:
The monsoonal effect during the summer that leads to a low pressure trough over Turkey. Etesian winds flow from a high pressure ridge over the Balkans toward the trough. During a strong Etesian, the trough may extend relatively far to the west and beyond Rhodes . It may also form a closed low, resulting in almost calm winds at Rhodes.
Synoptic conditions leading to anti-cyclogenesis
over the Balkans.
A jet-effect increase of wind caused by channelling of the wind between islands and mountain valleys. These effects tend to render wind reports from certain locations unrepresentative. In the lee of Crete, katabatic flow off the mountains generates gusty winds similar to the Föhn
of the Alps. The mountain valleys tend to channel the flow which increases the wind velocity.
The surface flow is generally divergent in an Etesian situation, and the weather is generally thought to be dry with clear skies. However, this is mostly true only during the main yacht charter season of July and August when scattered altocumulus appear a day before an Etesian, and the only other clouds are orographic
types that may form on the lee side of islands in stronger Etesian winds.
The Meltemi occurs mainly during the summer season (June - September with 70%), but also in May and October one may frequently experience this dry wind.
One should anticipate its maximum during July and August.
Usually the wind starts in the early afternoon reaching 4-5 Beaufort
and dies out at sun set. However, not uncommonly it reaches 5-7 Bft during the day, perseveres during the night and blows 5-7 Bft again the next day; a pattern which can easily be repeated over many days, sometimes even up to ten days.
If during this period sailing to windward cannot be avoided, it can be very wise to lift anchor at dawn and to cover as many miles as possible before the wind starts
.
Important guidelines
Due to the katabatic nature of the meltemi one can experience strong fall winds on the leeward side of the islands, notorious are Kea (we did survive though), Evvia, Tinos and Andros , Folegandros , Kos , Serifos , Amorgos and Sifnos . An orographic cloud to leeward of the mountain spells danger.
When the wind encounters very high cliffs on the North shore of an island, a calm - extending several miles off shore - can be expected. Good examples are Amorgos, Paros and Naxos .
In the wide corridor between de dodecanese and cycladic islands the Meltemi blows undisturbed over 100 miles. Within six hours of a 30-knot wind, the waves can reach heights over three meters. The adverse currents make these waves steeper, which can be seriously dangerous for yachts smaller than 10 meter.
The Ionian Sea in the west of Greece is not affected by these Etesian winds but experiences a reliable Maistro wind throughout the sailing season. For an explanation on the Maistro wind please visit my page on Sailing routes in the Ionian .
Expect funnelling winds, which can make certain straits dangerous to pass because of currents and higher wind velocities. Classical areas are: between Andros and Evvia (currents up to 5 knots!); between Ikaria and Samos till the Fournoi-archipelago; Between Paros and Naxos; North side of Amorgos; West side of Karpathos. Sometimes South of both Kea and Kythnos .
Tell-tales for your own Meltemi 24-36 hour prediction:
Higher predicted atmospheric pressure over the Balkan/Northern Aegean.
A sudden drop in humidity (first morning without dew on deck).
Scattered little altocumulus clouds one day in advance.
A clear improvement of visibility combined with a raise in atmospheric pressure (4 hPa within 12 hours).
Fortunately, the possibility of stronger winds is actually the only shortcoming of the Aegean. There are hardly any shallow waters, no tides to speak off and no fog (good visibility!): all the ingredients for perfect yacht charter vacations .
Related pages:
| Wind |
Which US entertainer had a twin brother named Jesse Garon, who died at birth? | Types of weather with pictures learning English
Home » All Lessons » Learning English level 1 » Types of weather with pictures learning English
Types of weather vocabulary with pictures English lesson
Types of weather vocabulary
Different kinds of weather
This English lesson you will be able to learn about the different types of weather using pictures with the name for each type of weather underneath. After the pictures are examples of how to talk about weather in a basic sentence.
Types of weather vocabulary
For some of the picture is the word for type of weather and the word used when talking about that type of weather.
Talking about the different types of weather
Today the weather is sunny.
Yesterday was cloudy.
Be careful driving it is very foggy
It is meant to be stormy later.
Tomorrow it is going to be windy lets make a kite today.
Rainbows are so beautiful with all the different colours.
It is freezing today make sure you wear your hat and gloves when you go out.
Print the English lesson on different types of weather
To print the lesson on the different types of weather vocabulary list with pictures right click on a white space and choose print. You can click on the printer icon just below and to the right of the contact us menu button at the top of the page or copy and paste the part of the exercise you want onto a word document and then print onto some paper.
Lessons and exercises that are related different types of weather
To view any of the lessons below click on link.
| i don't know |
The laws of cricket state that the length of a cricket bat must be no more than how many inches? | EVOLUTION OF CRICKET BAT - crickettamasha
crickettamasha
EVOLUTION OF CRICKET BAT: FROM
SRILANKAN CRICKETERS WIFE/ GIRL FREINDS/ COUPLES
Cricket is often called as a game dominated by batsmen. The advent of formats like ODI and Twenty20 has further added to the woes of bowlers. The field restrictions, the free hit goes all against the bowlers. The justifications point to the only idea to make the game more entertaining. Its true that the crowd cheers more when a batsman hit the ball for a boundary or a six than when a bowler takes a wicket.
Let now talk about the origin or the evolution or the instrument called a bat in cricket. The shape of the initial bat was like a hockey stick to facilitate hitting the ball which used to be delivered underarm. After the law of the game allowed the bowlers to loop the ball in the air underarm, the transition began to happen to the shape of the cricket bat. This led to vertical swing by the batsman rather than horizontal sweeping as the ball started to bounce. It was only in the year 1820 when the law permitted round arm bowling, the shape of bat started to take the modern form.
Having reached the present shape, the size of the bat became an apple of discord. It went to the extent of players resorting to high width bats and one even to the size of stumps perfectly protecting the wickets. This happened by a player named Shock White playing for Ryegate against Hambleton in 1771.To end such unsportsmanlike like activities, Hambledon’s recommendation that the size of the bat can be only maximum four and quarter inches was universally accepted. This led to change in batting techniques and batsmen started playing both vertical and horizontals shots instead of going only for horizontal wild swings.
With the changed shape of the bat, experimentation went on to choose the right quality of wood which can withstand the strokes of the hard cricket ball having the desired resilience. English Willow or the Salix Alba Caerulea was the initial choice for being resilient. Such bats were comparatively lighter of the time but used to weigh up to a massive five pounds. Necessity is the mother on invention. Hence the search was to find better options. English bat manufacturer M/S C.C.Bussey started using sapwood which happened to be lighter and attractive. Subsequently, the bat manufacturers started using white willows which proved to be much lighter. These bats were thinner and of straight. The blades used to carry more weight. The handle and the length were smaller. The weight of the bats was between two pounds to two pounds four ounces. With such changes in the shape of bats, the techniques of batting underwent changes. Improvisations like cuts, late cuts, leg glances, gliding were visible. In other words, timing of the ball became more evident than sere power hitting.
But again in the late 1920s saw use of heavier bats by players of the calibre of Sir Don Bradman, Jak Hobbs, Bill Ponsford. While Bradman used to prefer bats weighing about two pounds and two ounces, Ponsford used much heavier bat weighing two pounds and nine ounces. His bat was called “Big Bertha” bat. The willow of these bats were subjected to heavy compression during manufacturing. The shape of cricket bats remained almost similar from 1890. Use of golf putters with perimeter and Super Scoop bats with bigger hollow of the back were also experimented during these periods
From the year 1960 onwards, some players like Clive Lloyd, Graeme Pollock started using heavier bats weighing more than three pounds. We all know how Clive Lloyd used to hit sixers at will. But such heavy bats put bottlenecks for many players to cuts, leg glance, hooks. A player to cite here is Garfield Sobers who always played with a lighter bat. Sachin Tendulkar however uses a heavy bat weighing more than three pounds. His bat has a standard short handle size with large profiles and extremely thick edges.
The cricket bat has thus changed with the changing needs of the game. Every bat manufacturer innovated newer methods by careful design of scoops, hollow, plugs, etc. The game of cricket is gaining popularity across the Globe. In countries like India and Pakistan, it is no less than a religion. The game is rapidly changing with the demand of time. Money is pouring in to the game because of its increasing popularity. The need is power hitting without compromising manoeuvrability and improvisation to score fast.
A new addition to the categories of bat is Mongoose bat. MCC Law Sub-Committee has given green signal for use of this bat. The bat is especially made for T-20 format of the game. But its acceptability has been limited. Mathew Hayden was seen using this bat during IPL-3.
To talk about Mongoose bats, here are a few facts:
1. The Mongoose bats are an evolution to the conventional ones which are used regularly, as these have a longer handle and a shorter blade. The Mongoose’s blade is 33% shorter and its handle 43% longer than a regular bat.
2. The bats are a boost to players in T20 cricket as they allow the player to hit harder and further without changing the way of playing. According to a study by the Imperial College, the bat offers batsmen 20% more power and 15% more bat-speed than a conventional bat.
3. Due to the change in the configuration of the bat, the splice, which is generally placed inside the blade, has now been fixed into the handle to ensure there is no dead spot in the hitting area of the bat.
4. The shoulders of the bat are also rearranged by dropping them nine inches down their previous position. About 20 per cent of the weight is taken from the shoulders and redistributed to the back of the shorter blade.
5. The Mongoose made its first class debut in England’s domestic competition, the Twenty20 Cup.
The current Law-6 of cricket by Marylebone Cricket Club( MCC) who frames cricket laws to ensure uniformity and fairness Worldwide stipulates that:
“The bat is no more than 38 inches (97 cm) in length, and no more than 4.25 inches (10.8 cm) wide. The hand or glove holding the bat is considered part of the bat. Ever since the Heavy Metal incident, a highly publicized marketing attempt by Dennis Lillee who brought out an aluminium bat during an international game, the laws have provided that the blade of the bat must be made of wood (and in practice, they are made from White Willow wood).”
With passage of time, the game of cricket like anything and everything in this World is bound to change. So also the Laws of the game and of course the size and shape of the cricket bat. Lets hope for the best that the materials to manufacture the bat do not change. Or else, it may no longer be called cricket.
| 38 |
The novels of which English author are set in the ‘Five Towns’? | Cricket Bats | Barrington Sports
Barrington Sports
Showing 1-48 of 275 results
Ranging from the very best 2016 grade 1 English willow Cricket Bats down to entry level Kashmir bats from cricket's best loved brands - including Gray Nicolls, Kookaburra, New Balance, Gunn and Moore, Puma, Hunts County, and Bradbury. Choose your weight, size and cricket bat profile with ease this season at the UK's leading Cricket Specialist. A full range of cricket bats available across both junior and senior bat sizes.
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Cricket Bats - The Buyer's Guide
2016 cricket bats vary from big edged, perfectly balanced international standard willow grades, down to the most accessible and value for money Kashmir cricket bats for beginners. We have hundreds of options to choose from at Barrington sports. Choosing the right bat size, weight and willow quality is key to ensuring you have a bat that compliments your playing style and ability level. Read on for in depth insight into your choice of cricket bat this season.
Materials & Manufacturing
Materials
Cricket bats are carved from willow, which is a naturally fibrous wood. Each cricket bat manufacturer will seek to select the best woods for their products to ensure high standards and overall product quality. The two types of willow used for bat making are English Willow and Kashmir [Indian] Willow.
English Willow: This is a soft, fibrous timber. This type of willow is the preferred choice for the majority of bat manufacturers due to its high performance effect when striking the ball. Regardless of type however, willow will become damaged and prone to breakages over time. The cricket bat can become scarred, bruised and dented due to the nature of the game and the frequent high intense impacts of the ball hitting the cricket bat.
Kashmir Willow: Kashmir willow comes from India. This is largely utilised by cricket bat manufacturers as a substitute for English Willow. The Kashmir willow is regarded as a harder wood and in comparison to English willow does not have the same performance effect i.e. a player will not experience the same "sweet spot" when striking the ball. Kashmir willow will only be used for lower range and priced cricket bats. It is unlikely that a regular adult player, playing at a reasonable standard would choose to use a Kashmir willow cricket bat.
Carbon Fibre - Some cricket bat manufacturers insert additional carbon fibre into the handle of the cricket bat to make the bat feel lighter in the hands. The insertion of carbon fibre also allows more power to be generated in shots and increases the shock absorption in the handle from high impact balls.
Titanium - Due to recent technological advancements and innovations, this material is can be inserted into the handle of cricket bats to add reinforcement and provide more power in the hitting zone.
Manufacturing - How are Cricket Bats Made?
Time - The process of making a cricket bat takes a relatively long period of time compared to many other sporting products. Before any manufacturing can take place, trees have to be specially planted in selected areas of the UK [or India in the case of Kashmir willow]. 15-30 years after plantation, the trees are chopped down with two more planted thereafter.
Clefts - The trees are then chopped into logs and are then split into wedges called clefts. Each bat manufacturer then carefully selects the clefts they want before waxing the clefts at each end to prevent the loss of any water moisture and splitting. The clefts are then placed in drying rooms. After 6 months the clefts are removed from the drying rooms as they will have reached the required moisture levels.
Cutting - The clefts are then cut into the basic shape of a cricket bat with the correct width and length. At this point in the manufacturing process, the handle and toe ends of the bat are established, with the blade selected from the best end of the willow to ensure a quality cricket bat and better performance.
Pressing - After machining and grading, the willow is pressed. This strengthens the willow so it can withstand the impact of a cricket ball. The pressing stage of the process has to be done very carefully, to avoid the cricket bat from being compressed too much.
Fitting the handle - The next stage is to fit the handle to the cricket bat. The handle is usually constructed of cane and rubber strips, but with recent technological innovations and advancements, titanium is sometimes utilised. The handle is constructed of such materials to add reinforcements and provide more power in the hitting zone.
Shaping - When the handle has been fitted, the cricket bat is nearly complete. The bat's craftsman then places the bat into a vice and shapes the blade using a draw knife with the majority of wood left in the middle of the cricket bat (some manufacturers will use machines to achieve the same outcome). Some cricket bats are crafted with lower or higher middles depending on the player's batting style and the types of pitches they play on. The craftsmen will shape the blade to enhance the pick-up and weight of the cricket bat and to ensure a good overall balance to the bat. The shoulders of the bat are shaped and blended to give the correct shape and structure to the bat.
Final touches - The cricket bat is then sanded twice, with the shoulders shaped again and blended into the handle of the bat. The cricket bat is then finished using a horse's shin bone to polish the surface of the bat. This compresses the cricket bat further, provides a nice polished finish, and increases the overall presentation of the cricket bat. Once rubber grips and the manufacturers logo are added the cricket bat is now complete and ready to be sold.
Bear in mind that at this stage the cricket bat isn't entirely finished as you will have to do some preparation to your bat prior to using it, even where stickers state the bat is pre-prepared
Legal Specifications
Cricket bat manufacturers must stay within the rules. You will find that all brands stocked in reputable specialist retailers will meet these rules. For your information, the MCC's (Marylebone Cricket Club) Law 6 states the following:
Width and Length - The bat shall be no more than 38 inches/96.5 cm in length. The blade of the cricket bat shall be made solely of wood and shall not exceed 4 inches/10.8 cm at the widest part.
Covering the Blade - The blade may be covered with material for protection, strengthening or repair. Such material shall not exceed 1/16 inches/1.56 mm in thickness, and shall not be likely to cause unacceptable damage to the ball.
Design Features
In addition to materials and size specifications, you should also consider the following design features when selecting cricket bats:
Covered or Uncovered Face
The uncovered look means that the grain of the cricket bat is showing, whereas the covered look means that the blade of the bat is not immediately showing [although you may be able to see the blade through transparent protective coating]. Each of the above will appear differently on cricket bats, but most importantly of all, you should note that the bat's performance will not be hindered. Protective coating [anti-scuff] is, on balance, advised in most cases in order to add maximise protection to the face of the cricket bat. This should prevent additional moisture being absorbed into the wood, as well as to help bind surface cracks together.
The Number of Grains on the Bat
There are many views surrounding grains on a cricket bat. Generally speaking though, the number of grains on a cricket bat is something that can be left to the discretion of the individual. The number of grains will often differ from bat to bat. A cricket bat between 6 and 12 grains is a good indicator of quality willow. Cricket bats with 6 grains, for example, are likely to be slightly softer than 10-12 grains and therefore take longer to knock-in and reach optimal performance initially. However, please note there are some extremely good premium range bats with lower grains.
Willow Grade
Grade 1+ [A]
highest quality of English willow, historically used for the manufacturer's sponsored players, but increasingly being rolled-out to top end bats for the public across specialist stores. The grains are straight and even, the wood unbleached and there should be minimal to no marking or discolouration on the bat face.
Grade 1 - G1 [A]
top quality English Willow. Good straight grain structure and unbleached with minimal marking or discolouration in the face.
Grade 2 - G2 [B]
Usually unbleached English Willow with irregular grain pattern and some marking and discolouration in the blade.
Grade 4 - G4
English Willow usually bleached and often non oil with a covering to the face of the bat.
The Shape, Size and Bow of the Cricket Bat
This is normally a matter of personal preference. Some players prefer crickiet bats with a large bow where as others don't. Increasingly, professional players' preference for a larger bow and thicker edges to better meet the rigors of the modern game, is being reflected in the designs available to the general public. The size of the bow can have an impact on the pick-up of the cricket bat, as an increased bow can often result in the cricket bat having a heavier pick up. Some bows are higher or lower down the bat depending on batsmen's hitting style, or to reflect the pitches which you play on. A low bouncing wicket in Northern England or India may suit a lower bow compared to the dry climate and bouncy pitches of Perth, Western Australia.
A Toe Guard
The toe on all cricket bats can be vulnerable to breakages. It can be better prevented through fitting a toe guard. Many cricket bats now come with a toe guard already attached. A cricket bat is designed to strike the ball 6-8 inches up from the toe, in the centre of the blade. When batsmen face "Yorker" deliveries at the toe end, the impact of a moving bat meeting the speed of the ball can be very high, thereby causing the wood to dent or split. As a result it would be advisable to fit a toe guard to reduce the risk of breakage.
A Natural Finish
This is similar to an uncovered face, with the willow not covered by an anti-scruff cover or face tape. Most of the top-end bats offer this natural, traditional finish. Some of the lower grades of willow maybe bleached to artificially replicate the colour of high-quality willow.
Twenty/Twenty Style Cricket Bat
This cricket bat has been designed for bigger hitting, particularly in 20/20 matches. The cricket bat has a shorter blade and a longer handle to allow batsmen increased leverage to make those big shots required for this format of the game. Mongoose are the market leaders in this niche area. Other brands use more subtle techniques, including longer blade/shorter handle bats, or narrowing width of cricket bat slightly to further reduce weight and increase bat speed.
The Pick-Up
When you are trying a cricket bat, position yourself in your normal stance as you would at the crease. Then simply pick the cricket bat up as you would as if the bowler was about to deliver the ball. When you pick the cricket bat up, note how the bat feels in your hands, i.e. is it light? Is it heavy? Where is the balance of the bow? Is it a lower middle or a higher middle? More generally can you hold the cricket bat in one hand, when stretched out in front of you?
This has implications on your choice of cricket bat as you may want a heavier cricket bat for striking that feels like it has a comparatively light pick up. It is unlikely for instance that you would want to follow the great Sachin Tendulkar by choosing a 3lb plus cricket bat. Unless you have strong arms and wrists, your speed to pick-up and follow through may become too slow with such heavy cricket bats.
When trying out cricket bats, it would be advisable foy you to wear a pair of batting gloves. That way you gain a reliable insight into how the cricket bat actually feels in your hands. It would also be advisable for you to practice some shots without a ball, to see if you can use the bat effectively.
Short or Long Handle
When looking at senior cricket bats you will see that they come in two forms; Short Handle (SH) or Long Handle (LH). It would normally be advisable for players to choose a short handled cricket bat for increased control. However if you are tall, i.e. above 6 foot 2 inches it might be advisable for you to select a long handled cricket bat, they are however, much less readily available in the shops due to niche demand. Indeed, many tall players are opting for Short Handles. Junior sizes range all the way from size 1 (smallest) to size 6 (largest) with a transition "harrow" size for teenagers not yet big enough to take a short handle. Some manufacturers also offer an "Academy" size which offer an extra step between the traditional Harrow and Short Handle.
Sizing
When using the Cricket Bat Size Chart please note the following abbreviations may be used.
Acronym
Points to Consider Prior to Purchase:
What's your budget?
How much are you prepared to spend on your cricket bat? This is obviously a pivotal point to consider when selecting cricket bats. Those without budget limits can targets the players, limited edition, and similar top end senior ranges that range from about 350-500 RRP before any additional discounts [2011/12 prices]. However you can still buy high quality senior cricket bats between 200-350 if you have budget constraints. Similar top-end junior cricket bats is likely to range from 150-200 RRP, with mid-value for money ranges between 100-150 RRP.
What cricket bat have you used before?
This is a question worth bearing in mind as you may want to choose the same cricket bat manufacturer again or maybe you have a loyalty towards a certain brand. Decide whether you were happy with the last cricket bat you purchased in terms of quality, personal performance and overall satisfaction. If you are satisfied then maybe consider purchasing a cricket bat from the same bat manufacturer.
Growth as a factor.
If you are a child looking to purchase a cricket bat or are buying a bat for a child, it would be worth considering growth as a factor. When your child is growing quickly, particularly during his/her early teens, selecting a cricket bat is a whole lot harder. If this is the case, it would be advisable not to spend large amounts of money on a top end cricket bat that could potentially only be used for half a season.
How serious are you as a cricket player?
The level you are playing at will determine how frequent you will be using your cricket bat. If you are playing at a high level, you will probably be netting and playing multiple times a week against high quality, quick bowling. Therefore you may well require a high quality cricket bat.
Preparation and Maintenance
Preparation and maintenance is the key to a long bat life. Once you've purchased your cricket bat, the next step is to prepare it for action and then maintain it. Preparation comes in two phases: (1) Oiling and (2) Knocking it in.
Part 1: Oiling Your Cricket Bat
Using a soft rag, apply a light coat of oil to the Face, Edges, Toe and Back of the cricket bat. AVOID getting oil on the splice of the bat as it may undermine the glue holding the handle and blade of the bat together!
Avoid over oiling the cricket bat.
After the coat of oil has been applied, leave the cricket bat in a horizontal position to dry over night.
On the next day, apply a second coat, following the same directions as the first one. Leave to dry.
After oiling the cricket bat, the next phase begins - Knocking In
Try and oil your bat regularly to keep the fibres of the wood supple and prevent the face of the cricket bat cracking.
If applying anti-scuff oil only once, very lightly.
A number of cricket bat manufacturers indicate that over half of the bats sent back to them for repair, have not been sufficiently oiled or have in turn been over oiled. A balance needs to be struck, with a light coating as the main instruction provided by bat manufacturers.
If the cricket bat you have just purchased has an anti-scruff cover, the face will not need oiling. However the back of the cricket bat will need oiling.
Part 2: Knocking Your Bat In:
After purchase, all cricket bats should be knocked in to prepare them for use in competitive matches. The edges, toe and blade of the bat all need to be sufficiently knocked in, as these areas face large amounts of impact from the cricket ball, therefore making them vulnerable to breakages and damage. Knocking your cricket bat in is an effective way of ensuring that the bat has been compacted enough to prevent impact damage. As the knocking in process is a very important aspect of preparing your cricket bat for action, it cannot be rushed and must be done carefully. Knocking your cricket bat in is effectively ensuring that the wood of the bat is compact as the fibres are compressed and knitted together. Consider the following steps when knocking in:
Using a hardwood bat mallet, gently strike the face and the edges of the cricket bat, simulating what the ball would do in a competitive game situation.
Repeat the above on multiple occasions, gradually increasing the power. Use the same method as above to round the edges of the cricket bat, but be careful. Avoid using too much power to begin with as this could result in unnecessary damage. Note: Do not hit the edge directly with the mallet, gradually round the cricket bat off. It is important to knock the edges of the bat in as they can often be vulnerable to damage during competitive matches and net play.
After 2-3 Hours of knocking the cricket bat in, you can take it to the nets and hit some short catches using an old ball. If seam marks or small indentations appear on the face of the cricket bat, it would be necessary to return to the first step.
After continuing to knock the cricket bat in and completing some close catching sessions, you could try the bat in your normal net practice.
After a few net sessions, your cricket bat should be ready to use in a competitive match.
Added Protection
After knocking your bat in, you may wish to add a protective cover to the cricket bat. This should be positioned and fitted approximately 3-5mm from the toe of the bat, with the cover running up the face of the cricket bat and finishing just below the bat manufacturers labels.
What about pre-knocked in cricket bats?
Bats that come "pre-knocked" in or "pre-prepared". This means that the manufacturers have employed some special machinery to compress the bats and mimic the "Knocking-in" process. However all manufacturers will still recommend cricket bats be knocked in for a short duration. Instead of knocking the bat in for long periods of time using a hardwood bat mallet, you could conduct some short practice slip catches using an old cricket ball. Knocking the face in further will be beneficial in developing the cricket bats overall performance.
Top Tips
Inspect your bat regularly for any signs of damage or dryness due to a lack of oiling. This way you can utilise preventative measures before your cricket bat breaks.
When in the nets, ensure that the bowlers are using high quality cricket balls; this will avoid damage being caused to your cricket bats.
Avoid getting the toe of the bat wet during matches and net practice.
If cracks appear on the face and the edges of the cricket bat, sand them out and apply a covering of oil.
During the course of a season, sand the blade and edges of the cricket bat twice using sandpaper. Then apply covering oil.
Please Note:
It must be remembered that the cricket ball is supposed to contact the cricket bat's blade in the middle of the bat. Any occasion where the ball strikes the bottom or edges of the bat is deemed as a bad shot and any resulting damage cannot necessarily be attributed to the blade being faulty.
ALL cricket bats will encounter some damage when the ball is struck on the edge or bottom. However, it must be accepted that a badly miss-timed shot can cause damage to the bat, and this is usually obvious on examination.
Bat Damage
Problems with Cricket Bats
Cricket bats will break at sometime or other mainly due to the fact that they are manufactured from raw materials and are therefore naturally fragile. When you've purchased a cricket bat it would be nice to think that the bat would last forever, but unfortunately due to the fact that they are manufactured from a natural product they decay as time goes on making them more vulnerable to damage and breakages.
Handle Breaks
This can often be caused through general wear and tear and can therefore sometimes be unavoidable. In some circumstances the handle of the bat can be replaced by some bat manufacturers largely depending on the extent of the damage.
Breakage to the Blade
This can be caused by dry willow. When the willow of the bat becomes dry, the cricket bat is made considerably weaker therefore making it more vulnerable to damage and breakages.
Surface cracks to the face of the Blade and the edge of the Blade
Again, this can be caused by general wear and tear and more often than not poor bat maintenance. Cracks to the face and edges of the blade will not affect performance but will make the bat more vulnerable to further damage over time. It would be advisable for you to utilise bat tape to prevent any further damage from occurring.
Split Toe
This can often be unavoidable due to the nature of the sport and the sheer impact of the ball hitting the cricket bat. This is often attributed to striking the ball at the base of the blade when facing a Yorker type delivery.
Some of the most common breakage causes with cricket bats are:
Dry willow
Letting the bat get wet
Playing poor shots regularly
Poor preparation in terms of oiling the bat and knocking it in
Poor maintenance
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A Gold Medal is traditionally awarded for which place in a race or competition? | The Gold Medal - definition of The Gold Medal by The Free Dictionary
The Gold Medal - definition of The Gold Medal by The Free Dictionary
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/The+Gold+Medal
Also found in: Thesaurus , Encyclopedia , Wikipedia .
gold medal
n
(Individual Sports, other than specified) a medal of gold, awarded to the winner of a competition or race. Compare silver medal , bronze medal
gold′ med′al
n.
a medal, traditionally of gold, awarded to a person or team finishing first in a competition. Compare bronze medal, silver medal.
[1905–10]
Noun
1.
gold medal - a trophy made of gold (or having the appearance of gold) that is usually awarded for winning first place in a competition
trophy , prize - something given as a token of victory
Translations
gold
(gould) noun
1. an element, a precious yellow metal used for making jewellery etc. This watch is made of gold; (also adjective) a gold watch. goud ذَهَب злато ouro zlato; zlatý das Gold, golden guld; guld- χρυσός oro kuld طلا kulta or ; en or, d'or זהב सोना zlato arany emas gull oro ; d'oro 金 금 auksas; auksinis zelts; zelta- emas goud ; goud- gull złoto سره، سره زر، طلا ouro (de/din) aur золото zlato; zlatý zlato; zlat zlato guld ทอง altın 黃金 золото سونا vàng 黄金
2. coins, jewellery etc made of gold. goud نُقود أو عُملة من الذَّهَب злато ouro zlato das Gold guldmønter; guldsmykker χρυσαφικά oro kuld هر چیزی که از جنس طلا باشد kulta or עָשוּי זָהָב सोने के शिक्के, सोने के आभूषण zlatnici arany emas gull oro 金製品 금제품, 금화 auksas zelts emas goudstukken gull złoto سره زر ouro ban de aur золото ; б��гатства zlato zlatnina zlatnik guld เหรียญทอง altın 金幣，金首飾 золото سونے سے بنے زیورات ، سکے وغیرہ tiền vàng 金币，金饰
3. the colour of the metal. the shades of brown and gold of autumn leaves; (also adjective) a gold carpet. goud اللون الذَّهَبي златист dourado zlato; zlatý die Goldfarbe, goldfarben gylden χρυσαφί , χρυσαφένιος oro ; dorado kuld(-) رنگ طلایی kullanvärinen or ; doré זהב सूनहरा zlatan arany(sárga) szín warna emas gulllitur; gylltur oro ; dorato 黄金色の 금색 auksinė spalva zelta krāsa; zelta krāsas- berwarna keemasan goud ; goud- gull , gyllen farge złoty طلایی رنګ dourado auriu, ca aurul золотистый цвет zlato; zlatistý zlata barva zlatan guld; guld-, gyllene มีสีทอง altın 金色 золотистий колір سنہرا رنگ màu vàng 金色
ˈgolden adjective
1. of gold or the colour of gold. golden hair. goue ذَهَبي златен dourado zlatý; zlatavý golden gylden χρυσός , χρυσαφένιος dorado , de oro kuld(kolla)ne طلایی؛ زرین kultainen d'or , doré מוּזהָב सुनहरा zlatan arany(ból való) keemasan gull-, úr gulli dorato , d'oro 金 (色) の 금빛의 auksinis, aukso zelta-; zeltains berwarna keemasan gouden gyllen , gull- złoty , złocisty دسرو، دسرو زرو، طلايى، قيمتى، نيكمرغه، لاييى رنګ dourado de aur; auriu золотистый zlatý; zlatistý zlat zlatan guld-, gyllene สีทอง altın , altın sarısı 金色的 золотистий سونے سے متعلق یا سنہرے رنگ کا bằng vàng 金色
2. (of a wedding anniversary, jubilee etc) fiftieth. They will celebrate their golden wedding (anniversary) next month. goue اليوبيل الذَّهَبي петдесeтгодишнина bodas de ouro zlatý golden guldbryllup χρυσός , πεντηκοστός de oro kuld- پنجاهمین سالگرد kultahäät d'or חֲתוּנַת הַזָהָב स्वर्ण जयंती इत्यादि zlatna obljetnica aranylakodalom emas gull(brúðkaup) d'oro 50周年の (결혼 기념일 등이) 50년째의 auksinis (par kāzām u.tml.) zelta- ke lima puluh gouden gullbryllup złoty پنځوسمه كليزه bodas de ouro de aur золотой zlatý zlat zlatan guld- การฉลองครบรอบแต่งงานปีที่ 50 ellinci evlilik yıldönümü 金婚的 золотий شادی وغیرہ کی پچاسویں سالگرہ đám cưới vàng 金婚的
ˈgoldfish – plural ˈgoldfish – noun
a small golden-yellow fish often kept as a pet. The child kept a goldfish in a bowl. goudvis سَمَك بلون ذَهَبي златна рибка peixe dourado zlatá rybka der Goldfisch guldfisk χρυσόψαρο pez de colores kuldkala ماهی طلایی؛ ماهی قرمز kultakala poisson rouge דָּג זָהָב स्वर्ण मछली zlatna ribica aranyhal ikan emas gullfiskur pesce rosso 金魚 금붕어 auksinė žuvelė zelta zivtiņa ikan emas goudvis gullfisk złota rybka سور كب، طلايى كب peixe dourado caras auriu золотая рыбка zlatá rybka zlata ribica zlatna ribica guldfisk ปลาทอง kırmızı balık 金魚 золота рибка سنہرے رنگ کی چھوٹی مـچھلی cá vàng 金鱼
ˌgold-ˈleaf noun
gold beaten into a very thin sheet. a brooch covered with gold-leaf. bladgoud رُقاقَه ذهبيه варак folha de ouro lístkové zlato das Blattgold guldblad φύλλο χρυσού pan de oro lehtkuld روکش طلا lehtikulta feuille d'or עֲלֵה זָהָב स्वर्णपत्तर zlatni listić aranylemez, -füst lembaran emas gullþynna foglia d'oro 金ぱく 금박 aukso folija zelta folija kepingan emas goudblad bladgull płatek złota په سره زر كي مينځل folha de ouro foiţă de aur сусальное золото lístkové zlato, zlatá fólia zlat listič zlatni listić bladguld แผ่นทอง altın yaprak, varak 金箔 сухозлітка سونے کا ورق vàng lá 金叶片，金箔
gold medal
in competitions, the medal awarded as first prize. goue medalje ميداليه ذَهَبيَّه златен медал medalha de ouro zlatá medaile die Goldmedaille guldmedalje χρυσό μετάλλιο medalla de oro kuldmedal مدال طلا kultamitali médaille d'or מֶדַלייַת זָהָב स्वर्ण पदक zlatna medalja aranyérem medali emas gullpeningur medaglia d'oro 金メダル 금메달 aukso medalis zelta medaļa pingat emas gouden medaille, gouden plak gullmedalje złoty medal د طلا مدال medalha de ouro medalie de aur золотая медаль zlatá medaila zlata medalja zlatna medalja guldmedalj เหรียญทองสำหรับผู้ชนะเลิศ altın madalya 金牌 золота медаль طلائی تمغا ،پہلا انعام huy chương vàng 金质奖章，金牌
ˈgold-mine noun
1. a place where gold is mined. goudmyn مَنْجَم ذهَب златна мина mina de ouro zlatý důl die Goldgrube guldmine χρυσωρυχείο mina de oro kullakaevandus معدن طلا kultakaivos mine d'or מִכרֶה זָהָב स्वर्ण खान rudnik zlata aranybánya tambang emas gullnáma miniera d'oro 金鉱 금광 aukso kasykla zelta atradne lombong emas goudmijn gullgruve kopalnia złota د طلا کان mina de ouro mină de aur золотой рудник zlatá baňa zlati rudnik rudnik zlata guldgruva เหมืองทองคำ altın madeni 金礦 золота копальня سونے کی کان mỏ vàng 金矿
2. a source of wealth or profit. That clothes shop is an absolute gold-mine. goudmyn مَصْدَر ثَرْوَه златна мина mina de ouro zlatý důl die Goldgrube guldmine χρυσωρυχείο , πηγή πλούτου mina kullaauk منبع درآمد سرشار kultakaivos mine d'or “מִכרֶה זָהָב” आय का स्रोत izvor bogatstva „aranybánya” tambang emas gnægtabúr miniera d'oro ドル箱 부의 보고 aukso kasykla zelta bedre lubuk emas goudmijntje gullgruve kopalnia złota mina mină de aur золотое дно zlatá baňa zlata jama zlatni rudnik guldgruva แหล่งทำเงิน hazine , çok kârlı iş 財源 золота жила جہاں سے دولت حاصل ہو nguồn lợi lớn 财源
ˈgold-rush noun
a rush of people to a part of a country where gold has been discovered. goudstormloop إندفاع إلى الذَّهَب златна треска corrida ao ouro zlatá horečka der Goldrausch guldfeber πυρετός του χρυσού, χρυσοθηρία fiebre del oro kullapalavik هجوم مردم به ناحیه ای که در آن طلا کشف شده kultaryntäys ruée vers l'or הַבֶּהָלָת לַזָהָב स्वर्ण की होड़ zlatna groznica aranyláz demam emas gullæði corsa all'oro, febbre dell'oro ゴールドラッシュ 골드 러시 aukso karštligė zelta drudzis kerubut emas trektocht naar de goudvelden gullfeber gorączka złota د خلګو ورتګ هغه ځاي ته چي سره زر موندل شوي وي corrida ao ouro goană după aur золотая лихорадка zlatá horúčka zlata mrzlica zlatna groznica guldrusch สถานการณ์ตื่นทอง altına hücum 淘金熱 золота лихоманка نو دریافت سونے کی کان پر لوگوں کا ہجوم cuộc đổ xô đi tìm vàng 淘金热
ˈgoldsmith noun
a person who makes jewellery, ornaments etc of gold. goudsmid صائِغ златар ourives zlatník der Goldschmied guldsmed χρυσοχόος orfebre kullassepp طلاساز kultaseppä orfèvre צורף सुनार zlatar aranyműves pandai emas gullsmiður orefice , orafo 金細工師 금세공인 auksakalys zeltkalis tukang emas goudsmid gullsmed złotnik طلا جوړونکی ourives bijutier ювелир zlatník zlatar zlatar guldsmed ช่างทอง kuyumcu 金匠 ювелір سنار thợ kim hoàn 金匠
as good as gold
very well-behaved. so goed as kan kom جيّد كالذَّهَب възпитан bem-comportado velmi hodný, zlatý goldrichtig velopdragen πολύ καλός, χρυσός άνθρωπος (μτφ.) (bueno como) un ángel kuldaväärt بسیار خوش رفتار kiltti sage comme une image “זָהָב” स्वर्ण जैसा उत्तम dobar kao zlato nagyon jó (gyerek) sangat sopan einstaklega þægur/þægilegur d'oro ; buono come il pane 行儀がよい 행식이 착한 auksinis ‘zelta gabaliņš' berbudi pekerti beleefd , gehoorzaam så snill som dagen er lang bardzo grzeczny/uczynny دیړه خوښ خلق bem-comportado cuminte ca un îngeraş золотой veľmi dobrý izredno priden dobar kao zlato förfärligt snäll เป็นระเบียบเรียบร้อย çok uslu, melek gibi 行為非常良好的，很乖的 доброзичливий بہت مہذّب có đạo đức rất tốt 十分听话（尤指儿童），守规矩的，听话的
golden opportunity
a very good opportunity. gulde geleentheid فُرْصَه ذهبيَّه златна възможност oportunidade de ouro jedinečná příležitost eine sehr günstige Gelegenheit enestående mulighed χρυσή ευκαιρία oportunidad de oro/única/excelente kuldaväärt võimalus فرصت طلایی ainutlaatuinen tilaisuus occasion unique הִזדַמנוּת טוֹבָה सुनहरा मौका dobra prigoda kitűnő alkalom kesempatan emas gullið tækifæri occasione d'oro 好機 매우 좋은 기회 puiki proga lieliska izdevība peluang keemasan buitenkans gyllen anledning niebywała okazja طلایی چانس oportunidade única ocazie unică редчайшая возможность jedinečná príležitosť sijajna priložnost zlatna prilika gyllene tillfälle โอกาสดีมาก büyük fırsat, ele geçmez fırsat 極好機會 чудова можливість سنہری موقع một dịp quý báu 极好机会
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18th Century artist Samuel Hieronymous Grimm was born in which European country? | Award Medals for First Place, Second Place, Third Place | Award Medals for 1st Place, 2nd Place, 3rd Place
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Mike Costin and Keith Duckworth founded which British-based engineering company in 1958? | Cosworth.com | Company History
Company History
About
Company History
Since it was formed in 1958 by Mike Costin and Keith Duckworth, Cosworth has become the most successful independent engine manufacturer in history as well as one of the market leaders in performance electronics, with a string of driver and manufacturer titles to its credit in a wide range of formulae with impressive performances in Formula One, IndyCar, Champ Car, WRC, sportscars and MotoGP.
In the beginning
Cosworth began life in a small workshop in London in 1958. However, things quickly grew and a move to larger premises was soon required. The company moved to north London, where it began working on the development of the Ford 105E engine. Cosworth actually achieved its first victory when Jim Clark took a win in the Formula Junior category in his Lotus 18 at Goodwood in 1960.
The classic motorsport era
In 1964, the company moved to Northampton where bigger prospects were around the corner. In 1966, Duckworth signed a contract with Ford to develop a new three-litre Formula One engine, and the legendary DFV was born. It got its first taste of victory in 1967, when Jim Clark again provided the maiden victory at the Dutch Grand Prix.
The DFV, in subsequent development guises, went on to dominate the sport for 15 years and clinched 155 race wins during that time.
A host of famous names benefited from Costin and Duckworth's approach in Formula One. Jackie Stewart, Emerson Fittipaldi, Mario Andretti, James Hunt and Nelson Piquet all took championships using Cosworth engines during the 1970s.
This period of sustained dominance in Formula One played a key part in making Cosworth a major name in motor racing around the world and a favourite with fans.
The 1980s & 1990s
Cosworth's success continued through the 1980's and 1990's in a range of championships around the world. The Ford Sierra RS500 Cosworth and XG V6 powered Mondeo both won the World Touring Car Championship and the Zetec-V8 F1 engine powered Michael Schumacher to his first world championship title.
In North America the DFX and XB engines dominated the CART/Indy formula leading to Cosworth receiving the Queen's Award for Export achievement in both 1986 and 1992.
The birth of motorsport electronics
This same period witnessed the spectacular growth of motorsport electronics and the establishment of data recording (or logging) and analysis as a cornerstone of modern high performance motorsport.
In 1987 Cosworth's electronics division was founded by Tony Purnell under the name Pi Research. The company initially focussed on providing electronic instrumentation for race teams and racecar manufacturers wanting to improve the quality of their data from wind tunnel testing. The extension from wind tunnel data gathering instrumentation to on-car data acquisition systems was the natural progression - and the Pi Research "Black Box" was born.
Used extensively in the North American IndyCar Championship, the Pi Research Black Box was the first electronic dash display and combined data logger to be used in professional motor sport. The success of the product in allowing teams to analyse performance parameters of the car, engine and chassis, as well as providing clear, accurate information for the driver marked a turning point in race car technology and defined the future for motorsport.
Following rapid expansion and several relocations, 1998 saw Cosworth's electronic division move to its current home - a purpose-designed facility just north of Cambridge in the UK. At this time Pi Research acquired Pectel Control Systems to complement its data acquisition technologies with world-class engine and chassis controllers.
The Ford years
Cosworth and Pi Research were bought by Ford in 1998 and the companies became works engine and electronics suppliers to the Stewart Grand Prix Formula One team and its successor - Jaguar Racing.
Cosworth and Pi Research also supplied engine and electronics solutions to Ford for its highly successful campaign in the World Rally Championship providing power and performance to legendary names in the sport including Colin McRae and Carlos Sainz.
In North America, 2003 saw the introduction of two new Cosworth engines for open wheel racing.
The Cosworth XG engine for Chevrolet in IRL Indycar, and the Cosworth XF, which was adopted as the specification engine for the Champ Car World Series.
Sister company in Ford's Premier Performance Division, Pi Research supplied the complete set of car electronics to both IRL IndyCar and the Champ Car World Series.
Success also continued in the wider business arena for Cosworth and in 2003 the business was voted the Motorsport Industry Association business of the year.
Today's Cosworth Group is formed
In 2004, Cosworth was purchased by Jerry Forsythe and Kevin Kalkhoven, co-owners of the Champ Car World Series (the successor to CART). Under its new ownership Cosworth embarked on a diversification strategy, applying its expertise in mechanical engineering, performance electronics and precision manufacturing to secure business opportunities in the mainstream automotive, aerospace and defence industries.
In January 2011, the Motorsports Industry Associated (MIA) recognised Cosworth's diversification success with the inaugural New Markets Award. In November of the same year, Cosworth's success in high value-added manufacturing in the UK was rewarded with the prestigious RBS 2011 Manufacturer Of The Year Award.
In 2013 Cosworth announced plans for a major new factory at its Northampton home to coincide with its 50th anniversary in the town in 2014. The new facility will provide state-of-the-art flexible manufacturing systems to enable Cosworth to supply high-performance engines for premium sports car manufacturers and continue to deliver a "one-stop-shop" for performance products and technologies to the automotive, motorsport and retail aftermarket industries.
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A Ford engine block Cosworth DFV on a Ligier JS11
Cosworth is a high performance engineering company founded in London in 1958, specialising in engines and electronics for automobile racing (motorsport), mainstream automotive and defence industries. Cosworth is based in Northampton, England, with North American facilities in Torrance, California, Indianapolis and Mooresville, North Carolina and an Indian facility in Pune.
Cosworth has had a long and distinguished career in Formula One , beginning in 1963. Two Formula One teams were supplied with Cosworth engines in 2006: the Williams team using Cosworth V8 engines , transmissions , and associated electronics; and the Scuderia Toro Rosso team using rev-limited Cosworth V10s based on 2005 spec engines. The end of the 2006 F1 season marked the end of Cosworth's remarkable 43 year association with the series, as no team opted to use Cosworth for 2007. Cosworth returned to Formula One in 2010 as an engine supplier to Williams and three new teams ( Hispania Racing F1 Team , Lotus Racing and Virgin Racing ), with first units shipped in January. [1] Cosworth's 176 wins make it one of the most successful engine manufacturers to race in F1, second only to Ferrari in victories. [2]
Cosworth was initially an independent company, later becoming part of United Engineering Industries (UEI) and subsequently Vickers , but also had a long association with Ford Motor Company and was a subsidiary of Ford between 1998 and 2004. [2] In 2004, Cosworth and Pi Research were sold by Ford to the current Cosworth Group owned by Gerald Forsythe and Kevin Kalkhoven . [2]
Since 2006, Cosworth has committed itself to engineering consultancy and component manufacture for an increasingly diverse customer base, including original equipment manufacturer (OEM) automotive, aerospace, defence and aftermarket sectors. The company is AS9100 and ISO9001 accredited, therefore enabling it to operate in the most demanding and safety critical environments. Current publicised projects range from an 80 cc (4.9 cu in ) diesel engine for unmanned aerial vehicles, through to an engineering partnership on one of the world's most powerful normally aspirated road car engines. Participation in world class competition continues, with hardware and consultancy support being applied to 2009 entrants in World Touring Car Championship, Formula One, and a variety of GT and sportscar series.
A foundation of the company's aftermarket product line is its Ford Duratec inline-4 . Cosworth has broadened this range to supply complete high performance Subaru EJ25 engines and components for Subaru Imprezas , as well as components for Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution and Nissan vehicles with the VQ35 engine. The company is also a specialist piston supplier, designing and manufacturing forged pistons for road and race vehicles from vintage and classic eras through to leading edge designs for Superbike, World Touring Car, and Formula One.
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The company was founded as a British racing internal combustion engine maker in 1958 by Mike Costin and Keith Duckworth (1933-2005 [3] ) (COStin and duckWORTH). Cosworth, despite being an independent company, was supported by Ford Motor Company for many years, and most of the Cosworth engines were named as Ford engines.
The company went through a number of ownership changes. After Keith Duckworth decided he didn't want to be involved with the day-to-day business of running a growing company, he sold out to United Engineering Industries (UEI) in 1980, retaining his life presidency and day-to-day technical involvement with Cosworth, and becoming a UEI board director; UEI was a group of small to medium-sized technology companies which was taken over by Carlton Communications in 1988 - Carlton was primarily interested in some of the audio-visual companies in the UEI portfolio and Cosworth was a poor fit with these; a new buyer for the company in the engineering/automotive sector was sought and the traditional engineering company Vickers plc bought Cosworth in 1990. [4] In 1998, Vickers sold Cosworth and Pi Research to Ford. [2] In September, 2004 Ford announced that it was selling Cosworth and Pi Research, along with Cosworth Racing Ltd and its Jaguar Formula One team. On 15 November 2004, the sale of Cosworth was completed, to Champ Car World Series owners Gerald Forsythe and Kevin Kalkhoven , the current Cosworth Group. [2]
The road car engine aspect of the business was split from the racing division following the sale of the engineering division of Cosworth to VW/Audi in September 1998 and re-named Cosworth Technology, before being acquired by MAHLE in 2005. Cosworth Technology was then renamed as MAHLE Powertrain on 1 July 2005. [5]
Engines
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Cosworth has had a long relationship with Ford Motor Company , which began when Cosworth started manufacturing racing engines in 1959. These were modified versions of the 1,000 cubic centimetres (61.0 cu in ) Ford Kent engine for Formula Junior . Cosworth began its associating with Lotus Cars by boring the Kent out to 1,340 cubic centimetres (81.8 cu in) for the Lotus 7 . 1,500 cubic centimetres (91.5 cu in) and 1,600 cubic centimetres (97.6 cu in) units were developed in 1963 for use in Formula B and sports car racing , as well as for powering the Lotus Cortina . The final evolution of the Cosworth-Kent, in 1965, was the MAE, when new rules were introduced in Formula 3 allowing 1,000 cubic centimetres (61.0 cu in) engines. The domination of this engine was absolute as long as these regulations lasted. As Cosworth had some difficulty facing the demand, the MAE was mainly sold as a kit.
A year before the introduction of the MAE the SCA was introduced, a 1000 cc engine based on a Ford Cortina 116E block that raced in Formula 2 , and featured the first totally Cosworth-designed head.
The FVA series
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The Cortina engine was also the basis for the FVA, an F2 engine introduced in 1966, and developed under the same contract as the DFV, for the new 1.6 litre engine rules. This engine featured 16 valves operated by twin overhead camshafts driven by a train of 9 gears. The metering unit for the Lucas mechanical fuel injection was rotated by gear and belt from the inlet cam, while the exhaust cam drove an alternator on the rear of the head. It produced at least 225 brake horsepower (168 kW) at 9000 rpm. This engine dominated the category until 1971, and was also used in sports car racing in 1.8 litre form as the FVC. The FVA was notable for being part of the same Ford contract that gave rise to the DFV; the cylinder head on the FVA pioneered many of Duckworth's ideas that would be used on the V8 engine .
A larger engine was designed for endurance racing in the mid 1970s, the FVC that displaced 1,976 cubic centimetres (120.6 cu in ). The FVC produced only 275 brake horsepower (205 kW), down from the 325 hp (242 kW) that other twin-cam four cylinders such as the Hart 420S produced but was more reliable. Two unusual features were gear-driven camshafts, plus a gear-driven alternator in the cylinder head. One was campaigned in the USA's CanAm series in 1978 in the Osprey SR-1, built and driven by Dan Hartill.
The DFV (Double Four Valve)
Main article: Cosworth DFV
A Ford-Cosworth DFV installed in the back of a Lotus 49
In 1966, Colin Chapman ( Lotus Cars founder and principal of Team Lotus ) persuaded Ford to bankroll Keith Duckworth's design for a new lightweight 3,000 cubic centimetres (183.1 cu in ) Formula One engine. [2] Cosworth received the order along with the £100,000 that Ford felt it adequate to spend on such an objective. The contract stipulated that a four-cylinder Ford-based F2 engine would be developed as proof of concept (see the FVA above) and that a pure Cosworth V8 would be built based on this. The DFV design used a similar cylinder head to the one Duckworth had prototyped on the four-cylinder FVA units on a custom Cosworth cylinder block and crankcase , forming a single 90° V8 engine , thus creating a legend in its own right, the DFV - literally meaning " Double Four Valve ". This engine, and its derivatives were used for a quarter of a century, and it was the most successful in the history of Formula One / Grand Prix motor racing . Winning 167 races in a career lasting over 20 years, it was the product that put Cosworth Engineering on the map. Although originally designed for Formula One, the engine has been modified to be used in a range of categories.
The DFV won on its first outing, at the 1967 Dutch Grand Prix in the hands of Jim Clark , fitted to a Lotus 49, and from 1968 was available for purchase to any F1 team that wished it. During the 1970s, it was common for almost the entire field (with the notable exception of Ferrari ) to use one of these engines - this at a time when independent wealthy individuals could buy exactly the same engine off the shelf that was also being used by McLaren et al. Most teams just built a tub around a Cosworth DFV and a Hewland gearbox . It won a record 155 World Championship races, the last being Detroit in 1983 , powering a Tyrrell driven by Michele Alboreto .
Although the DFV (bore: 3.373 inches (85.67 mm), stroke: 2.555 inches (64.90 mm), displacement: 2,992.98 cubic centimetres (182.6 cu in )) with 410 brake horsepower (306 kW/416 PS) at 9,000 rpm did not produce as much power as some of its rival 12-cylinder engines, it was lighter, resulting in a better power to weight ratio. In addition to being lighter, it was also made a structural part of the car itself, by placing load bearing arms to stress the block. These design aspects appealed tremendously to the genius of Colin Chapman who used them to the fullest extent.
The DFY, introduced in 1982 was a further evolution of the DFV for Formula One, with a shorter stroke and a DFL bore (bore: 3.543 inches (89.99 mm), stroke: 2.316 inches (58.83 mm), displacement 2,993.38 cubic centimetres (182.7 cu in)) with 520 brake horsepower (388 kW/527 PS) at 11,000 rpm, thereby producing more power, but still unable to fight against the turbocharged cars of the day. It was the advent of turbocharged engines in Formula One which sounded the death knell for the venerable DFV, and in 1986 Cosworth returned to the lower formulae preparing the DFV for the newly created Formula 3000 , with the installation of a compulsory 9,000 rpm rev limiter, which scaled power back from 500 to 420 brake horsepower (313 kW/426 PS); the DFV remained in this class until 1992. The final F3000 engines gave 500 brake horsepower (373 kW/507 PS), almost equalling the 1983 DFV which gave 510 brake horsepower (380 kW/517 PS) at 11,200 rpm.
In Formula One, a new DFV-based design was introduced for the new 3,500 cubic centimetres (213.6 cu in) normally aspirated rules in 1987. The DFZ was produced as an interim model, but in 1988 Cosworth created the DFV's final evolution, the DFR, which soldiered on in F1 with smaller teams until 1991, scoring its last points - including a pair of second places by Jean Alesi - with Tyrrell in 1990.
The DFV has recently been given a new lease of life thanks to the interest in Classic F1 racing, which was given a World Championship status by the FIA in 2004.
DFV variants
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The DFV spawned a number of derivations. In 1968; Cosworth created the DFV's first derivation, a 2,500 cubic centimetres (152.6 cu in ) version for the Tasman Series , the DFW. DFV to DFW conversion simply involved substitution of a short-stroke crank and longer connecting rods aka conrods .
One of the most successful and longest-lived projects of Cosworth has been its CART / Champ Car engine program. In 1975; Cosworth developed the DFX, by destroking the engine to 2,650 cubic centimetres (161.7 cu in) and adding a turbocharger , the DFX became the standard engine to run in IndyCar racing, ending the reign of the Offenhauser , and maintaining that position until the late 1980s. Ford backed Cosworth with creating a new interim design for IndyCar racing in the late 1980s, the DFS, which merged DFR technology into the ageing DFX design, but it was eventually rendered obsolete by advancing technology.
While designed as an F1 engine, the DFV was also used as in endurance racing, although its flat-plane design led to destructive vibrations putting stress on devices surrounding the engine, especially the exhaust system. The first sports car to use a DFV, the Ford P68 , failed to finish a single race because of repeated mechanical and electrical failures. Despite this handicap the DFV won the 24 hours of Le Mans twice in its original 3.0 litre form for Mirage and Rondeau (although the Mirage win in 1975 was with a significantly de-tuned unit). A special endurance version, the DFL, was then developed in two versions: one with 3,298 cubic centimetres (201.3 cu in) and the other with 3,955 cubic centimetres (241.3 cu in). Whilst the former version soon became known for its reliability, the latter version was a step too far and is largely remembered as a failure.
The GA V6
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A variant of the Ford Essex engine was developed for the Ford Capris raced in Group 2 in the early 1970s. This had a capacity of 3,412 cc (208.2 cu in ), and was highly competitive against the BMW straight-sixes. The GA was also used in the later years of Formula 5000 in Europe.
The FBA and FBC V6
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The FBA V6 in a MkIII Granada Scorpio 24v
The FBA and FBC engines engines were found in the Ford Granada and Ford Scorpio Ultima. The FBA came first in 1991 also known as the 'BOA', it was based on the Ford Cologne V6 used in the Ford Sierra and Ford Capri and other models and was a twin overhead camshaft 24valve conversion for more power, producing 195 metric horsepower (143 kW /192 bhp ) and better idle quality. In 1995, with a new version of the Scorpio, it was upgraded with a wider torque spread and higher power - to 204 metric horsepower (150 kW/201 hp), from a variable intake system and reprofiled cams. The NVH was improved with a change from a single chain to drive all four camshafts - to one chain to drive one bank of cams and a second for the other bank, this engine was known as the 'BOB'.
A racing version was also available for a short time - FBE - with individual throttle butterflies for each cylinder.
FBB and FBD engines did exist as development engines but these were never released.
The two production engines were always mated to an automatic gearbox but have become popular in the custom car scene where they have been mated to the 4x4 manual transmission and the rear wheel drive manual transmission from the Ford Sierra XR4 and XR4x4. These engines are well known for their high torque and intoxicating exhaust note.[ citation needed ] There are also companies that offer twin and single turbo conversions, and other modifications to increase power to usually around 400 bhp (300 kW). These engines can be bought relatively cheaply and providing they are well serviced, engines have been known to cover over 200,000 miles without major work being required.[ citation needed ]
The BDA series
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Cosworth increased its association with Ford in 1969, by developing a double overhead camshaft (DOHC) 16-valve inline four cylinder engine for road use in the Ford Escort . Working from the Kent block, Cosworth created a 1,601 cubic centimetres (97.7 cu in ) for homologation purposes. The camshafts were driven by a toothed belt , hence the name BDA, literally meaning "Belt Drive, A type". Running in Group 2 and Group 4 on either rallying or touring car racing , this engine could be enlarged to a maximum of 2,000 cubic centimetres (122.0 cu in). The nominal homologation at 1,601 cubic centimetres (97.7 cu in) capacity meant that BDA-engined cars competed in what was usually the top class (1600 cc and up) so were eligible for absolute victories rather than class wins.
In 1970, the BDC evolution received fuel injection for the first time. Two years later, the BDA series was being used in Formula 2 , first at around 1,800 cubic centimetres (109.8 cu in), until reaching a maximum of 1,975 cubic centimetres (120.5 cu in) in 1973, as the developed BDG form of the engine, which also received an aluminium block.
The block could also be shortened, starting with the 1,599 cubic centimetres (97.6 cu in) Formula Atlantic engine in 1970, followed by the 1,100 cubic centimetres (67.1 cu in) and 1,300 cubic centimetres (79.3 cu in) variants for SCCA club racing and sports car racing. There was even a one-off 785 cubic centimetres (47.9 cu in) version built by Cosworth employees Paul Squires and Phil Kidsley; fitted with a Lysholm supercharger it was installed in a Brabham BT28 Formula 3 chassis and competed in the British Hill Climb Championship as the Brabham-Lysholm. [6]
In the 1980s, the engine saw its final incarnations, the 1,700 cubic centimetres (103.7 cu in) BDR, used in the road-going version of the Caterham , and the 1.8 litre BDT, which powered the never-raced Escort RS1700T, and the more competitive Ford RS200 , which was created for Group B rallying. A 2,137 cubic centimetres (130.4 cu in) evolution model was developed by Brian Hart just as Group B was cancelled by the FIA. The BDT-E turbocharged versions gave over 600 brake horsepower (447 kW/608 PS) in Group B rallycross configuration.
In 1970, Ford asked Weslake and Co of Rye to build the BDA Engine for them, and by the end of 1970 the production line had been installed at Rye and production was under way.
The Hart 420R owes much to the BDA series, being essentially an aluminium-block derivative using similar heads.
The YB series
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A later version of the YB engine was used in the Escort RS Cosworth
The YB series of 1,993 cubic centimetres (121.6 cu in ) engines are based on the older Pinto engine block, [7] and were introduced in the road-going Ford Sierra RS Cosworth in 1986 with 204 metric horsepower (150 kW /201 bhp ).With 5,000 units built for homologation purposes in Group A , both for rallies and touring cars. Racing versions could develop about 400 horsepower (298 kW/406 PS). A limited edition evolution model was introduced in 1987, the RS500, with power now exceeding 550 horsepower (410 kW/558 PS) in full racing trim. The RS500 came to dominate touring car racing in its heyday. The various colour cam covers that distinguised each version were as follows: Red=YBJ(original Sierra Cosworth), Green=YBG(Catalyst equipted 4x4 Sierra Sapphire Cosworth), Blue = YBT(Large turbo Escort Cosworth), Silver = YBP (Small turbo Escort Cosworth).
Further evolutions of the YB included a reduced-emissions road version, as well as the block used in the Escort RS Cosworth (which used the Sierra floorpan). The engine stopped being used on new cars in 1997, with the Focus WRC and road-going Focus RS relying on Zetec designs.
Other Formula One engines
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Cosworth experimented with turbocharged BD derivatives, before settling on an all-new turbocharged 1,500 cubic centimetres (91.5 cu in ) V6 engine to be badged as the Ford TEC (internally it was known as the GB-series). This had a long development history but raced only briefly, in 1986 , with the Haas Lola team and in 1987 with the Benetton Formula team. The development of the GBA engine at Cosworth became the subject of a British TV documentary in Channel Four's Equinox series (it was broadcasted in 1986).
The final DFV/DFZ/DFR replacement, the 3,500 cc (213.6 cu in) HB V8 was introduced with the Benetton team midway through 1989, winning the Japanese Grand Prix that year. This exploited a narrower vee-angle than the DFV. As the works team, Benetton maintained exclusivity with this model through the rest of 1989 and 1990. 1991 saw the introduction of customer units, two specifications behind their works equivalents. In 1991, these were supplied to the fledgling Jordan Grand Prix outfit, and for 1992, Team Lotus . 1993 saw the customer deal extended to McLaren , who won five Grands Prix with Ayrton Senna that year. It was not until the introduction of the new Cosworth unit, badged as a Ford Zetec-R, that Michael Schumacher won the Drivers World Championship with Benetton, in 1994. This was the last Ford powered F1 title.
A Jaguar-badged version of the HB was briefly used in sports car racing, fitted to the extremely successful Jaguar XJR-14 .
Cosworth also developed a Ford-badged 72°F1 V10 engine for the Sauber Formula One team. (An unrelated 4,300 cc (262.4 cu in) V10 designated WDA was also built and tested in a Volvo S80, but this did not see production).
Cosworth has subsequently made several 3,000 cc (183.1 cu in) V10 engines for a number of Formula One teams. The Stewart Grand Prix team effectively became the Ford works team, and used Cosworth CR-1 engines from its first season in 1997. Over the next few years Ford had increased its involvement with the Stewart team, and finally bought the team, renaming it Jaguar Racing for 2000. Jaguar pulled out of F1 at the end of 2004, but the team (renamed Red Bull Racing ) continued to use Cosworth V10 engines until switching to a Ferrari V8 for 2006. Minardi also used re-badged Cosworth engines until 2005.
Williams began testing the new CA2006 2.4 litre V8 in November 2005, and used the Cosworth V8 engines for the 2006 season. In the same year, Scuderia Toro Rosso used detuned V10 engines based on the 2005 units.
In 2007, however, the company was left without a partner when Williams chose to switch to Toyota power, and Scuderia Toro Rosso made the switch to Ferrari engines (as used in 2006 by their mother team Red Bull Racing ).
In Max Mosley's letter following the withdrawal of Honda from Formula One in December 2008, it was announced that Cosworth had won the tender to provide a standard engine to any interested participants. The new engine would become the standard design and manufacturers could opt to use whole units, construct their own from designs provided by Cosworth, or produce their own engine with the caveat that it be limited to the same power as the new "standard" engine.
In 2010 Cosworth returned as the engine supplier for Williams and three new teams; Hispania Racing , Lotus F1 Racing and Virgin Racing . The CA2010 is the same 2.4 litre V8 base of the CA2006 used by Williams, but has been re-tuned for the current 18,000 rpm limit required on all engines, down from its original 20,000 rpm implementation. [8] First units were ready and shipped to teams in mid-January for fitting 2 weeks prior to first track testing for the year. [1]
Other IndyCar and Champ Car engines
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A 2004 Champ Car display engine
Cosworth designed a series of replacements for the DFS to be used in IndyCar and Champ Car racing: the X-series, beginning in 1992 with the XB. The XF was developed for the 2000 season to replace the XD, and was chosen as the spec engine for the Champ Car World Series in 2003. The most recent derivative of the XF, the 2,650 cubic centimetres (161.7 cu in ) XFE quad-cam 90° V8 overhead camshaft, continued in that role through the 2007 season. The Champ Car World Series imposed a rev limit of 12,000 rpm down from the over 15,000 rpm of 2002. The 2004 model of the XFE had a rated power of nominal 750 horsepower (559 kW/760 PS) at 1,054 mmHg (intake boost pressure), and a maximum power of 800 bhp (597 kW/811 PS) at 1130 mmHg (during Push-to-Pass). The 2004 XFE maximum speed was 12,000 rpm (rev limited) and torque of 490 newton metres (361 ft·lbf ). The aluminium and iron turbo housing ran a boost of 5.9 psi at sea level (= boost of 12 inches of mercury which is 41.5 inches of mercury absolute). The Methanol-fuelled engine used a steel crankshaft and aluminium alloy pistons. Weight was 120 kilograms (264.6 lb) and length was 539 millimetres (21.2 in).
In 2007, the Ford name was removed from the engine[ citation needed ] pieces as the manufacturer elected not to continue sponsorship of the series.[ citation needed ] Several other engine changes were made, notably the removal of the calibrated "pop off valve" designed to limit turbo boost pressure, replaced by engine electronics. The rated life of the engine was 1,400 miles (2,300 km) between rebuilds. Engines were sent by the race teams to Cosworth for the rebuild. In 2007, Champ Car switched to the new Panoz DP01 chassis, which was said to provide better ducting of airflow into the engine. The Champ Car World Series merged into the Indy Racing League IndyCar Series prior to the 2008 season, and Cosworth does not currently provide engines to any American open wheel racing series.[ citation needed ]
There is evidence that Cosworth was working on a 3,400 cc (207.5 cu in) push-rod V8[ citation needed ] along the lines of the Ilmor/Mercedes 500I to exploit the peculiar loophole in the Indianapolis 500 rules permitting such engines higher turbocharger boost - this was assigned a project code (CD) but seemingly never completed.
In mid 2003, Cosworth provided the 3.5 L V8 XG badged as a Chevrolet Gen 4 engine to IRL IndyCar Series teams after the proprietary Chevrolet Gen 3 engine proved inadequate against rival Hondas and Toyotas during the 2003 season.[ citation needed ] While many teams left Chevrolet after the 2003 season, those that stayed saw a significant improvement in performance with the new "Chevworth" engine compared to their previous units. The XG finished second in its first race at Michigan on July 27, 2003. Sam Hornish, Jr. went on to win 3 races that season with the new XG. The XG was reduced in size to 3 L for 2004 season and it won one race in 2005 during Chevrolet's final season in IRL.
Formula Atlantic engines
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Currently these are 300 horsepower (224 kW/304 PS) 2,300 cubic centimetres (140.4 cu in ) inline-four engines based on the Mazda MZR engine . Changes includes a billet crankshaft, barrel throttle bodies, new cylinder head with larger valves, pistons, con rods and camshafts. A detuned 250 horsepower (190 kW/250 PS) version, targeting club racers, is sold to the consumer market. This engine retains the standard crankshaft, and has a different cylinder head. Both engines are built by Cosworth in Torrance, California, under the guidance of newly appointed technical designer Wayne Merry (formerly of Cosworth in Worcester UK).
Road engines
Best known in Europe for its relationship with Ford [2] - in particular because of the COSWORTH name in the vehicle title on the high performance Ford Sierra RS Cosworth and Ford Escort RS Cosworth , [2] but also in the creation of other Ford models; the Escort RS1600 , Escort RS1800 , RS200 , and Scorpio 2.9i 24V .
1976 Chevrolet Cosworth Vega
Cosworth Vega 122 cu in DOHC L4-110 hp
In the USA, the name has also appeared in the title of a road car (well before it did in Europe) as the Cosworth version of the Chevrolet Vega . Only 3,508 1975 and 1976 Cosworth Vegas were produced from March 1975 through 1976. The engine features the Vega sleeveless, aluminium-alloy block fitted with forged components. The twin-cam, 16 valve, aluminium cylinder head design was assisted by Cosworth, but Chevrolet did the development work. The engine features electronic ignition , Bendix electronic fuel injection , and stainless steel headers. [9] The final US emissions standardised version produces 110 bhp. Cosworth's EA racing version was not successful due to engine block structural failures. Chevrolet later produced a heavy-duty 'off-road' block with thicker walls to better withstand the racing application, but by that time Cosworth had moved on. Projected first year sales of the Cosworth Vega had been 5,000. With only 3,508 cars produced and many unsold, the car was discontinued. 1,500 hand-built Cosworth Vega engines were simply scrapped for lack of demand. [10]
Other published projects for Adam Opel AG include the Opel Ascona 400 / Manta 400 rally cars and the 2.0L 16V engines in the Opel Kadett , Opel Astra GSi, Opel Vectra and Opel Calibra turbo.[ citation needed ]
Other companies known to have benefitted from the Cosworth engineering input are Mercedes-Benz (with the 190 E 2.3-16), Rolls-Royce , and Audi (notably their RS cars ).[ citation needed ]
Cosworth’s involvement with Mercedes-Benz came with moves in the mid-1980s from the German manufacturer to re-enter motorsport after retiring from direct factory participation after the tragic 1955 Le Mans crash which killed 80 spectators. Mercedes-Benz was looking to create a Group B rally car out of its new W201 Chassis (190E Model) and turned to the expertise of Cosworth to shorten the development time for this project.[ citation needed ]
2.3-16 Targa Car
The request was a huge surprise for Cosworth, and the original brief for a 320 bhp engine based on the 136 bhp Mercedes M102 2.3 litre SOHC 4-cylinder engine was passed duly passed to Mike Hall, who “drew the famed DFV and BDA engine”. [11] Designed around the existing M102 head bolt pattern, the new twin cam, 16 valve, pentroof head, had its valves set a 45° included angle, rather than the 40° angle of the BDA. [11] The valves were the biggest that could be fitted into the combustion chamber. Flat top pistons delivered the 10.5:1 compression ratio. The new Cosworth WAA [12] engine also was Cosworth’s first one-piece head, i.e. the camshaft carrier was cast integral with the head itself. Again the constraints of the existing head-bolt pattern meant that Hall had to shift the camshaft bearings from outside each pair of camlobes as in the BDA to in between each cylinder's pair of cam lobes. The upside being that this configuration made for less flex at high rpm. [11]
The advent of the AWD turbo Audi Quattro gave the rear wheel drive, normally aspirated 190E rally car no chance of being successful and the competition car was stillborn. Instead Mercedes Benz decided to recoup its development cost by selling the car as a road going sports-sedan. Hall detuned the WAA race engine to 185 bhp by reducing the port diameters and a more restrictive fuel injection and induction was substituted for the race items to complete the detune. [11] All WAA 2.3-16 engines were built in the Cosworth factory with the heads being produced by the Coscast method.
Cosworth assisted with the later 2.5-16 engine (WAB), and the short-stroke 2.5-16 Evo engines (WAC) although these were all manufactured in house by Mercedes-Benz.[ citation needed ] The 190E 2.3-16 became the basis for privateer Mercedes entries into the DTM from 1988. The short-stroke 2.5-16 190E EVO II was race-developed to 375+ bhp, gaining the 1992 DTM crown with Klaus Ludwig at the wheel.
Cosworth F1 car
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The four-wheel drive Cosworth Formula One car
Cosworth made an attempt at designing a full Formula One Grand Prix car in 1969. The car, designed by Robin Herd , used an original 4WD transmission designed by Keith Duckworth (different from the Ferguson used by all other 4WD F1 cars of the 1960s) and powered by a magnesium version of the DFV unit. The car was planned to drive at the 1969 British Grand Prix , but it was silently withdrawn. When Herd left to form March Engineering , the project was cancelled. The external design of the car was a product of Herd's use of Mallite sheeting (a wood-aluminium laminate composite) for the principal structural monocoque sections, a technique he pioneered on the first McLaren single-seat cars, including the McLaren M2B of 1966.
Complete Formula One World Championship results
This list is incomplete ; you can help by expanding it .
( key ) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Year
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The goddess Aphrodite was said to have been born on which Mediterranean island? | APHRODITE - Greek Goddess of Love & Beauty (Roman Venus)
Aphrodite
Venus
Aphrodite riding goose, Athenian red-figure kylix C5th B.C., British Museum
APHRODITE was the Olympian goddess of love, beauty, pleasure and procreation. She was depicted as a beautiful woman often accompanied by the winged godling Eros (Love). Her attributes included a dove, apple, scallop shell and mirror. In classical sculpture and fresco she was usually depicted nude.
MYTHS
Some of the more famous myths featuring the goddess include:--
Her birth from the sea foam. << More >>
Her adulterous affair with the god Ares. << More >>
Her love for Adonis, a handsome Cypriot youth who was tragically killed by a boar. << More >>
Her love for Ankhises (Anchises), a shepherd-prince. << More >>
The judgement of Paris in which the goddess was awarded the prize of the golden apple in return for promising Paris Helene in marriage. << More >>
The Trojan War in which she supported her favourites Paris and Aeneas and was wounded in the fighting. << More >>
The race of Hippomenes for Atalanta, which was won with the help of the goddess and her golden apples. << More >>
The death of Hippolytos, who was destroyed by the goddess for scorning her worship. << More >>
The statue of Pygmalion which was brought to life by Aphrodite in answer to his prayers. << More >>
The persecution of Psykhe (Psyche), the maiden loved by the goddess' son Eros. << More >>
Many other myths are detailed over the following pages.
APHRODITE PAGES ON THEOI.COM
This site contains a total of 18 pages describing the goddess Aphrodite, including general descriptions, mythology, and cult. The content is outlined in the Index of Aphrodite Pages (left column or below).
FAMILY OF APHRODITE
PARENTS
[1] Born from the castrated genitals of OURANOS in the sea's foam (Hesiod Theogony 188, Cicero De Natura Deorum 3.21, Apuleius 6.6, Nonnus Dionysiaca 1.86, et al)
[2] ZEUS & DIONE (Homer Iliad 5.370; Euripides Helen 1098; Apollodorus 1.13, Cicero De Natura Deorum 3.21, et al)
[3] OURANOS & HEMERA (Cicero De Natura Deorum 3.21)
OFFSPRING
ENCYCLOPEDIA
Aphrodite "Venus de Milo", Greek marble statue C2nd B.C., Musée du Louvre
APHRODI′TE (Aphroditê), one of the great Olympian divinities, was, according to the popular and poetical notions of the Greeks, the goddess of love and beauty. Some traditions stated that she had sprung from the foam (aphros) of the sea, which had gathered around the mutilated parts of Uranus, that had been thrown into the sea by Kronos after he had unmanned his father. (Hesiod. Theog. 190; compare Anadyomene.) With the exception of the Homeric hymn on Aphrodite there is no trace of this legend in Homer, and according to him Aphrodite is the daughter of Zeus and Dione. (Il. v. 370, &c., xx. 105.) Later traditions call her a daughter of Kronos and Euonyme, or of Uranus and Hemera. (Cic. De Nat. Deor. iii. 23; Natal. Com. iv. 13.)
According to Hesiod and the Homeric hymn on Aphrodite, the goddess after rising from the foam first approached the island of Cythera, and thence went to Cyprus, and as she was walking on the sea-coast flowers sprang up under her feet, and Eros and Himeros accompanied her to the assembly of the other great gods, all of whom were struck with admiration and love when she appeared, and her surpassing beauty made every one desire to have her for his wife.
According to the cosmogonic views of the nature of Aphrodite, she was the personification of the generative powers of nature, and the mother of all living beings. A trace of this notion seems to be contained in the tradition that in the contest of Typhon with the gods, Aphrodite metamorphosed herself into a fish, which animal was considered to possess the greatest generative powers. (Ov. Met. v. 318, &c.; comp. Hygin. Poet. Astr. 30.) But according to the popular belief of the Greeks and their poetical descriptions, she was the goddess of love, who excited this passion in the hearts of gods and men, and by this power ruled over all the living creation. (Hom. Hymn. in Ven. ; Lucret. 15, &c.)
Ancient mythology furnishes numerous instances in which Aphrodite punished those who neglected her worship or despised her power, as well as others in which she favoured and protected those who did homage to her and recognized her sway. Love and beauty are ideas essentially connected, and Aphrodite was therefore also the goddess of beauty and gracefulness. In these points she surpassed all other goddesses, and she received the prize of beauty from Paris; she had further the power of granting beauty and invincible charms to others. Youth is the herald, and Peitho, the Horae, and Charites, the attendants and companions of Aphrodite. (Pind. New. viii. 1, &c.) Marriages are called by Zeus her work and the things about which she ought to busy herself. (Hom. Il. v. 429; comp. Od. xx. 74; Pind. Pyth. ix. 16, &c.) As she herself had sprung from the sea, she is represented by later writers as having some influence upon the sea (Virg. Aen. viii. 800; Ov. Heroid. xv. 213; comp. Paus. ii. 34. § 11.)
During the Trojan war, Aphrodite, the mother of Aeneas, who had been declared the most beautiful of all the goddesses by a Trojan prince, naturally sided with the Trojans. She saved Paris from his contest with Menelaus (Il. iii. 380), but when she endeavoured to rescue her darling Aeneas from the fight, she was pursued by Diomedes, who wounded her in her hand. In her fright she abandoned her son, and was carried by Iris in the chariot of Ares to Olympus, where she complained of her misfortune to her mother Dione, but was laughed at by Hera and Athena. (Il. v. 311, &c.) She also protected the body of Hector, and anointed it with ambrosia. (Il. xxiii. 185.)
According to the most common accounts of the ancients, Aphrodite was married to Hephaestus (Odyss. viii. 270), who, however, is said in the Iliad (viii. 383) to have married Charis. Her faithlessness to Hephaestus in her amour with Ares, and the manner in which she was caught by the ingenuity of her husband, are beautifully described in the Odyssey. (viii. 266, &c.) By Ares she became the mother of Phobos, Deimos, Harmonia, and, according to later traditions, of Eros and Anteros also. (Hesiod. Theog. 934, &c., Scut. Herc. 195; Hom. Il. xiii. 299, iv. 440; Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. iii. 26; Cic. De Nat. Deor. iii. 23.)
But Ares was not the only god whom Aphrodite favoured; Dionysus, Hermes, and Poseidon likewise enjoyed her charms. By the first she was, according to some traditions, the mother of Priapus (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. i. 933) and Bacchus (Hesych. s. v. Bakchou Diônês), by the second of Hermaphroditus (Ov. Met. iv. 289, &c.; Diod. iv. 6; Lucian, Dial. Deor. xv. 2), and by Poseidon she had two children, Rhodos and Herophilus. (Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. viii. 24.)
As Aphrodite so often kindled in the hearts of the gods a love for mortals, Zeus at last resolved to make her pay for her wanton sport by inspiring her too with love for a mortal man. This was accomplished, and Aphrodite conceived an invincible passion for Anchises, by whom she became the mother of Aeneas and Lyrus.
Respecting her connexions with other mortals see Adonis and Butes. The ancient story ran thus : Smyrna had neglected the worship of Aphrodite, and was punished by the goddess with an unnatural love for her father. With the assistance of her nurse she contrived to share her father's bed without being known to him. When he discovered the crime he wished to kill her; but she fled, and on being nearly overtaken, prayed to the gods to make her invisible. They were moved to pity and changed her into a tree called smurna. After the lapse of nine months the tree burst, and Adonis was born. Aphrodite was so much charmed with the beauty of the infant, that she concealed it in a chest which she entrusted to Persephone; but when the latter discovered the treasure she had in her keeping, she refused to give it up. The case was brought before Zeus, who decided the dispute by declaring that during four months of every year Adonis should be left to himself, during four months he should belong to Persephone, and during the remaining four to Aphrodite. Adonis however preferring to live with Aphrodite, also spent with her the four months over which he had controul. Afterwards Adonis died of a wound which he received from a boar during the chase. Thus far the story of Adonis was related by Panyasis.
Later writers furnish various alterations and additions to it. According to Hyginus (Fab. 58, 164, 251, 271), Smyrna was punished with the love for her father, because her mother Cenchreis had provoked the anger of Aphrodite by extolling the beauty of her daughter above that of the goddess. Smyrna after the discovery of her crime fled into a forest, where she was changed into a tree from which Adonis came forth, when her father split it with his sword. The dispute between Aphrodite and Persephone was according to some accounts settled by Calliope, whom Zeus appointed as mediator between them. (Hygin. Poet. Astron. ii. 7.) Ovid (Met. x. 300, &c.) adds the following features: Myrrha's love of her father was excited by the furies; Lucina assisted her when she gave birth to Adonis, and the Naiads anointed him with the tears of his mother, i. e. with the fluid which trickled from the tree. Adonis grew up a most beautiful youth, and Venus loved him and shared with him the pleasures of the chase, though she always cautioned him against the wild beasts. At last he wounded a boar which killed him in its fury.
According to some traditions Ares (Mars), or, according to others, Apollo assumed the form of a boar and thus killed Adonis. (Serv. ad Virg. Ecl. x. 18; Ptolem. Hephaest. i. p. 306, ed. Gale.) A third story related that Dionysus carried off Adonis. (Phanocles ap. Plut. Sumpos. iv. 5.) When Aphrodite was informed of her beloved being wounded, she hastened to the spot and sprinkled nectar into his blood, from which immediately flowers sprang up. Various other modifications of the story may be read in Hyginus (Poet. Astron. ii. 7), Theocritus (Idyll. xv.), Bion (Idyll. i.), and in the scholiast on Lycophron. (839, &c.) From the double marriage of Aphrodite with Ares and Adonis sprang Priapus. (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. i. 9, 32.) Besides him Golgos and Beroe are likewise called children. of Adonis and Aphrodite. (Schol. ad Theocrit. xv. 100; Nonn. Dionys. xli 155.) On his death Adonis was obliged to descend into the lower world, but he was allowed to spend six months out of every year with his beloved Aphrodite in the upper world. (Orph. hymn. 55. 10.)
Aphrodite possessed a magic girdle which had the power of inspiring love and desire for those who wore it; hence it was borrowed by Hera when she wished to stimulate the love of Zeus. (Hom. Il. xiv. 214, &c.) The arrow is also sometimes mentioned as one of her attributes. (Plnd. Pyth. iv. 380; Theocrit. xi. 16.) In the vegetable kingdom the myrtle, rose, apple, poppy, and others, were sacred to her. (Ov. Fast. iv. 15. 143; Bion, Idyll. i. 64; Schol. ad Aristoph. Nub. 993; Paus. ii. 10. § 4; Phornut. 23.)
The animals sacred to her, which are often mentioned as drawing her chariot or serving as her messengers, are the sparrow, the dove, the swan, the swallow, and a bird called iynx. (Sappho, in Ven. 10; Athen. ix. p. 395; Horat. Carm. iv. 1. 10; Aelian, Hist. An. x. 34; Pind. Pyth. l. c.) As Aphrodite Urania the tortoise, the symbol of domestic modesty and chastity, and as Aphrodite Pandemos the ram was sacred to her. [Urania; Pandemos.] When she was represented as the victorious goddess, she had the attributes of Ares, a helmet, a shield, a sword : or a lance, and an image of Victory in one hand. The planet Venus and the spring-month of April were likewise sacred to her. (Cie. de Nat. Deor. iii. 20; Ov. Fast. iv. 90.)
All the surnames and epithets given to Aphrodite are derived from places of her worship, from events connected with the legends about her, or have reference to her character and her influence upon man, or are descriptive of her extraordinary beauty and charms. All her surnames are explained in separate articles.
The principal places of her worship in Greece were the islands of Cyprus and Cythera. At Cnidus in Caria she had three temples, one of which contained her renowned statue by Praxiteles. Mount Ida in Troas was an ancient place of her worship, and among the other places we may mention particularly the island of Cos, the towns of Abydos, Athens, Thespiae, Megara, Sparta, Sicyon, Corinth, and Eryx in Sicily. The sacrifices offered to her consisted mostly of incense and garlands of flowers (Virg. Aen. i. 416; Tacit. Hist. ii. 3), but in some places animals, such as pigs, goats, young cows, hares, and others, were sacrificed to her. In some places, as at Corinth, great numbers of females belonged to her, who prostituted themselves in her service, and bore the name of hierodouloi. (Dict.of Ant. s. v. Hetairai.) Respecting the festivals of Aphrodite see Dict. of Ant. s.v. Adônia, Anagôgia, Aphrodisia, Katagôgia.
The worship of Aphrodite was undoubtedly of eastern origin, and probably introduced from Syria to the islands of Cyprus, Cythera, and others, from whence it spread all over Greece. It is said to have been brought into Syria from Assyria. (Paus. i. 14. § 6.) Aphrodite appears to have been originally identical with Astarte, called by the Hebrews Ashtoreth, and her connexion with Adonis clearly points to Syria. But with the exception of Corinth, where the worship of Aphrodite had eminently an Asiatic character, the whole worship of this goddess and all the ideas concerning her nature and character are so entirely Greek, that its introduction into Greece must be assigned to the very earliest periods. The elements were derived from the East, but the peculiar development of it belongs to Greece. The Roman goddess Venus was identified with the Greek Aphrodite.
Aphrodite, the ideal of female graec and beauty, frequently engaged the talents and genius of the ancient artists. The most celebrated representations of her were those of Cos and Cnidus. Those which are still extant are divided by archaeologists into several classes, accordingly as the goddess is represented in a standing position and naked, as the Medicean Venus, or bathing, or half naked, or dressed in a tunic, or as the victorious goddess in arms, as she was represented in the temples of Cythera, Sparta, and Corinth. (Paus. iii. 23. § 1, ii. 5. § 1, iii. 15. § 10.)
Source: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology.
Birth of Aphrodite, Greco-Roman fresco from Pompeii C1st A.D., Naples National Archaeological Museum
CLASSICAL LITERATURE QUOTES
I) THE HOMERIC HYMNS
Homeric Hymn 5 to Aphrodite (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C7th to 4th B.C.) :
"Moisa (Muse), tell me the deeds of golden Aphrodite Kypria (Cyprian), who stirs up sweet passion in the gods and subdues the tribes of mortal men and birds that fly in air and all the many creatures that the dry land rears, and all the sea: all these love the deeds of rich-crowned Kythereia. [The story of the love of Aphrodite and Ankhises follows.] . . .
Hail, goddess, queen of well-builded Kypros (Cyprus)! With you have I begun; now I will turn me to another hymn."
Homeric Hymn 6 to Aphrodite :
"I will sing of stately Aphrodite, gold-crowned and beautiful, whose dominion is the walled cities of all sea-set Kypros (Cyprus). There the moist breath of Zephyros the western wind wafted her over the waves of the loud-moaning sea in soft foam, ad there the gold-filleted Horai (Horae, Seasons) welcomed her joyously. [The story of the birth of Aphrodite follows.] . . .
Hail, sweetly-winning, coy-eyed goddess! Grant that I may gain the victory in this contest, and order you my song. And now I will remember you and another song also."
Homeric Hymn 10 to Aphrodite :
"Of Kythereia (Cytherea) [Aphrodite], born in Kypros (Cyprus), I will sing. She gives kindly gifts to men: smiles are ever on her lovely face, and lovely is the brightness that plays over it. Hail, goddess, queen of well-built Salamis and sea-girt Kypros; grant me a cheerful song. And now I will remember you and another song also."
II) THE ORPHIC HYMNS
Orphic Hymn 55 to Aphrodite (trans. Taylor) (Greek hymns C3rd B.C. to 2nd A.D.) :
"To Aphrodite. Ourania (Urania) (Heavenly), illustrious, laughter-loving (philommeideia) queen, sea-born (pontogenes), night-loving (philopannyx), of awful mien; crafty, from whom Ananke (Necessity) first came, producing, nightly, all-connecting dame. 'Tis thine the world with harmony to join, for all things spring from thee, O power divine. The triple Moirai (Fates) are ruled by thy decree, and all productions yield alike to thee: whatever the heavens, encircling all, contain, earth fruit-producing, and the stormy main, thy sway confesses, and obeys thy nod, awful attendant of Bakkhos [Dionysos] God. Goddess of marriage, charming to the sight, mother of the Erotes (Loves), whom banquetings delight; source of Peitho (Persuasion), secret, favouring queen, illustrious born, apparent and unseen; spousal Lukaina, and to men inclined, prolific, most-desired, life-giving, kind. Great sceptre-bearer of the Gods, 'tis thine mortals in necessary bands to join; and every tribe of savage monsters dire in magic chains to bind through mad desire. Come, Kyprogenes (Cyprus-Born), and to my prayer incline, whether exalted in the heavens you shine, or pleased in odorous Syria to preside, or over the Aigyptian (Egyptian) plains they care to guide, fashioned of gold; and near its sacred flood, fertile and famed, to fix they blest abode; or if rejoicing in the azure shores, near where the sea with foaming billows roars, the circling choirs of mortals thy delight, or beauteous Nymphai (Nymphs) with eyes cerulean bright, pleased by the sandy banks renowned of old, to drive thy rapid two-yoked car of gold; or if in Kypros (Cyprus) thy famed mother fair, where Nymphai unmarried praise thee every year, the loveliest Nymphai, who in the chorus join, Adonis pure to sing, and thee divine. Come, all-attractive, to my prayer inclined, for thee I call, with holy, reverent mind."
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTIONS OF APHRODITE
Aphrodite and Ares, Athenian red-figure kylix C5th B.C., Tarquinia National Archaeological Museum
Classical literature offers only a few, brief descriptions of the physical characteristics of the gods.
Homer, Iliad 3. 396 ff (trans. Lattimore) (Greek epic C8th B.C.) :
"She [Helene of Troy] recognized the round, sweet throat of the goddess [Aphrodite] and her desirable breasts and her eyes that were full of shining."
Stasinus of Cyprus or Hegesias of Aegina, Cypria Fragment 6 (from Athenaeus 15. 682) (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C7th or 6th B.C.) :
"She [Aphrodite] clothed herself with garments which the Kharites (Charites, Graces) and Horai (Hours) had made for her and dyed in flowers of spring--such flowers as the Horai (Horae, Seasons) wear--in crocus and hyacinth and flourishing violet and the rose's lovely bloom, so sweet and delicious, and heavenly buds, the flowers of the narcissus and lily. In such perfumed garments is Aphrodite clothed at all seasons."
Homeric Hymn 5 to Aphrodite 78 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C7th to 4th B.C.) :
"Aphrodite, the daughter of Zeus stood before him [Ankhises (Anchises)], being like a pure maiden in height and mien, that he should not be frightened when he took heed of her with his eyes. Now when Ankhises saw her, he marked her well and wondered at her mien and height and shining garments. For she was clad in a robe out-shining the brightness of fire, a splendid robe of gold, enriched with all manner of needlework, which shimmered like the moon over her tender breasts, a marvel to see. Also she wore twisted brooches and shining earrings in the form of flowers; and round her soft throat were lovely necklaces . . .
[later she revealed her true divine height and mien] and her head reached to the well-hewn roof-tree; from her cheeks shone unearthly beauty such as belongs to rich-crowned Kythereia (Cytherea). . . [and] when he [Ankhises] saw the neck and lovely eyes of Aphrodite, he was afraid and turned his eyes aside another way, hiding his comely face with his cloak."
Homeric Hymn 6 to Aphrodite 6 ff :
"The Horai (Horae, Seasons) clothed her [Aphrodite] with heavenly garments: on her head they put a fine, well-wrought crown of gold, and in her pierced ears they hung ornaments of orichalc and precious gold, and adorned her with golden necklaces over her soft neck and snow-white breasts, jewels which the gold-filleted Horai wear themselves."
Philostratus the Younger, Imagines 8 (trans. Fairbanks) (Greek rhetorician C3rd A.D.) :
"[From a description of a Greek painting:] Three goddesses standing near them--they need no interpreter to tell who they are . . . the second one [Aphrodite] even in the painting shows the 'laughter-loving' (philomeides) disposition caused by the magic of her girdle."
Orphic Hymn 57 to Chthonian Hermes (trans. Taylor) (Greek hymns C3rd B.C. to 2nd A.D.) :
"Celestial Aphrodite, Paphian queen, dark-eyelashed Goddess, of a lovely mien."
Apuleius, The Golden Ass 10. 30 ff (trans. Walsh) (Roman novel C2nd A.D.) :
"[From a description of an ancient Greek play portraying the Judgement of Paris:] After them a third girl entered, her beauty visibly unsurpassed. Her charming, ambrosia-like complexion intimated that she represented the earlier Venus [Aphrodite] when that goddess was still a maiden. She vaunted her unblemished beauty by appearing naked and unclothed except for a thin silken garment veiling her entrancing lower parts. An inquisitive gust of air would at one moment with quite lubricous affection blow this garment aside, so that when wafted away it revealed her virgin bloom; at another moment it would wantonly breathe directly upon it, clinging tightly and vividly outlining the pleasurable prospect of her lower limbs. The goddess's appearance offered contrasting colours to the eye, for her body was dazzling white, intimating her descent from heaven and her robe was dark blue, denoting her emergence from the sea . . .
Each maiden representing a goddess was accompanied by her own escort . . . Venus [Aphrodite] was surrounded by a throng of the happiest children; you would have sworn that those little boys whose skins were smooth and milk-white were genuine Cupides [Erotes] who had just flown in from sky or sea. They looked just he part with their tiny wings, miniature arrows, and the rest of their get-up, as with gleaming torches they lit the way for their mistress as though she were en route to a wedding-banquet. Next floated in charming children, unmarried girls, representing on one side the Gratiae [Charites, Graces] at their most graceful, and on the other the Horae [Horai] in all their beauty. They were appeasing the goddess by strewing wreaths and single blossoms before her, and they formed a most elegant chorus-line as they sought to please the Mistress of pleasures with the foliage of spring. The flutes with their many stops were now rendering in sweet harmony melodies in the Lydian mode. As they affectingly softened the hearts of onlookers, Venus [Aphrodite] still more affectingly began to gently stir herself; with gradual, lingering steps, restrained swaying of the hips, and slow inclination of the head she began to advance, her refined movements matching the soft wounds of the flutes. Occasionally her eyes alone would dance, as at one moment she gently lowered her lids, and at another imperiously signalled with threatening glances."
Apuleius, The Golden Ass 2. 8 ff :
"Venus [Aphrodite] . . . wearing that belt of hers around her waist, diffusing the scent of cinnamon and bedewing the air with balsam."
Colluthus, Rape of Helen 82 ff (trans. Mair) (Greek poetry C5th to 6th A.D.) :
"Kypris (Cypris) [Aphrodite] of crafty counsels unfolded her snood and undid the fragrant clasp of her hair and wreathed with gold her locks, with gold her flowing tresses."
ANCIENT GREEK & ROMAN ART
Statius, Achilleid - Latin Epic C1st A.D.
Statius, Silvae - Latin Poetry C1st A.D.
Apuleius, The Golden Ass - Latin Novel C2nd A.D.
BYZANTINE
Photius, Myriobiblon - Byzantine Greek Scholar C9th A.D.
Suidas, The Suda - Byzantine Greek Lexicon C10th A.D.
OTHER SOURCES
Source status of Aphrodite pages:-
1. Fully quoted: Homer (Iliad & Odyssey), Hesiod, Homeric Hymns, Epic Cycle & Homerica, Apollodorus, Pausanias, Herodotus, Strabo, Orphic Hymns, Quintus Smyrnaeus, Callimachus, Aesop, Aelian, Ovid (Metamorphoses), Hyginus (Fabulae & Astronomica), Apuleius;
2. Partially or not quoted (Greek): Pindar, Greek Lyric (Fragments), Greek Elegaic (Fragments), Apollonius Rhodius, Diodorus Siculus, Antoninus Liberalis, Euripides, Aeschylus, Sophocles, Aristophanes, Plato, Theocritus, Lycophron, Plutarch, Philostratus & Callistratus, Oppian, Colluthus, Tryphiodorus, et. al.;
3. Partially or not quoted (Latin): Ovid (Fasti), Cicero, Statius, Propertius, Valerius Flaccus, et. al.
| Cyprus |
The Pulitzer Prize is awarded in how many categories? | BBC - Travel - The island of Aphrodite’s ancestors
History
The island of Aphrodite’s ancestors
With Ancient Greek, Venetian, Ottoman and British influences sitting alongside rocky cliffs and sweeping coastlines, the tiny Greek island of Cythera will not remain a secret for long.
By Katherine LaGrave
4 January 2014
In 2004, Albert Blok closed his eyes and randomly pointed to a spot on a map, determined to spend his next holiday wherever his finger landed. He’d never heard of Cythera, a tiny Greek island northwest of Crete, but after visiting, he was smitten.
“It keeps revealing new secrets to us,” said Blok, who ended up emigrating to Cythera from the Netherlands in 2008, and now runs the traditional guesthouse Xenónas Fos kè Chóros in the village of Aroniadika with his partner Anita Snippe. “Places we have never been before, people we have never met before – its beauty keeps on surprising us. On the one hand, we want to share this beauty with everyone, but on the other hand, we want to keep it a secret.”
Related slideshow: Discovering the Dodecanese Islands
Blok is not alone. Floating at the intersection of the Ionian and Mediterranean Seas, Cythera – with some 3,500 full-time residents – has thus far managed to remain one of Greece’s best-kept secrets. But with the country poised to see nearly 17 million visitors in 2013 , the island’s 65 ancient villages and 30km of coastline will not remain blissfully unburdened by mass tourism for long.
Where history and legend meet
Mythologically speaking, Cythera has clout. Reputedly, it was in the waters off Cythera that Aphrodite, the Greek goddess of love, rose out of the aphrós – the Greek word for foam –after Uranus’s genitals were cast into the water. Other stories relate that Aphrodite, also known as Cytherea, then travelled to Cyprus, which also claims to be the goddess’s home – but tension is no stranger to these waters.
Since naval times, the island’s strategic location has made it somewhat of a cosmopolitan crossroads for sailors, merchants and, of course, pesky conquerors. Inhabited since the Neolithic Era, the island has changed hands many times: notable figures in Cythera’s history include Venetian Marchese Marco Venieri, who claimed to be a descendant of Aphrodite (and whose own descendants still live on the island); and the pirate Hayreddin Barbarossa, an Ottoman fleet admiral who ravaged the ancient Byzantine capital fortress of Paliochora in 1537, the ruins of which remain in the island’s northeast. As a result, Cythera displays hearty remnants of its cultural bouillabaisse, with Venetian, Ottoman, British and Ancient Greek influences coexisting on the island.
Perhaps the most intact example of prior rule is the Kastro, a castle on Spiridonos street in Chora, the island’s tiny modern-day capital. Built between the 12th and 13th Centuries during a period of Venetian occupation, the castle was once called “the eye of Crete”; views from the top allow visitors to see the Ionian, Aegean and Cretan seas simultaneously. Today, the castle – the former residence of the Venetian governor – houses the historical archives of Cythera. Also in sight is the town of Kapsali, which served as the capital’s port during Venetian times. Located just 2km south of Chora, Kapsali is characterised by a curved waterfront and sandy twin bays where sea turtles are known to swim.
Kapsali is just one of many villages that dot Cythera’s shoreline, with one of the most well known among locals being picturesque Avlemonas, a charming and historic hamlet situated some 18km northeast of Chora that you can reach by crossing Katouni Bridge. A reminder of British rule, the stone bridge –the largest of its kind in Greece at 110m long and 6m wide – was completed in 1826 as part of a project to ensure ease of travel between the seaside village and Chora – or so official records say. Legend has it that the construction was driven by desire: after Cythera’s British governor fell in love with a girl from a nearby village, he decided to build this bridge near her house in order to see her daily.
Another large relic backed by lore is the Panagia Myrtidiotissa monastery, the largest in Cythera. Situated on the western side of the island near the village of Kalokerines, the monastery – which translates to “The Most Holy Virgin Mary of the Myrtle Trees” – was built next to a myrtle tree where a shepherd, according to legend, found a holy icon of the Virgin Mary in the 14th Century. Pilgrims travel here to venerate the icon on 15 August’s Feast of the Dormition and on 24 September, the day of its finding. The icon is the patron saint of all Kytherians and is on display in the monastery save for Easter, when there is a religious procession to transfer it to Chora.
An island for nature lovers
Whittled away by wind and sea, Cythera is generously composed of steep, rocky cliffs and deep bays – and all of these elements are on display in the lush village of Mylopotamos, situated approximately 13km northwest of Chora. Meaning “mill on the river” in Greek, the village was once home to 22 watermills used for grinding wheat. Today, only one renovated mill remains, situated near the island’s notorious 20m waterfall, Neraida, which is a fount of folklore. Also known as Fonissa (“female killer”), the waterfall was reputedly the site of a murder: legend has it that two women were fighting atop the waterfall when one pushed the other over the edge.
Many hiking paths originate by the Neraida waterfall and loop through the village, incorporating a variety of cultural and scenic elements that illustrate Cythera’s combination of natural beauty and historical significance. Hikers can follow one such monopati (a one-person path often used for donkeys) – recently signposted with numbers and arrows – that loops 2.6km past ruins of old mills and back to the town, though the more intrepid can choose to break away from the path before it loops back up and descend 2.2km down steep rocks and through the gorge to Kalami Beach, which can only be reached on foot by climbing down the rocks or through the gorge. Another scenic hike starts in the cypress forests of Lourantianika, in the island’s southern region, and passes 4.6km through wild olive trees while affording spectacular views of Chora, the Kastro and the sea.
Such discoveries of isolated beauty remain standard on Cythera, said Fivos Tsaravopoulos, programme coordinator of the Kythera Hiking Project , an organization centred around the creation of trails and sustainable tourism on the island.
“Cythera is a small paradise for walking,” he said. “It combines incredible landscapes – forests, waterfalls, cliffs, gorges, beaches and a Mediterranean desert – and picturesque villages, beautiful churches on the top of mountains and an incredible amount of wildflowers.”
| i don't know |
‘Blood and Fire’ is the motto of which organisation? | The Blood-and-Fire Mission of the Salvation Army | Christian History
The Blood-and-Fire Mission of the Salvation Army
Where did this tuba-playing, kettle-wielding social force come from, and what's it all about?
Chris Armstrong
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Joan Kroc's 1.5 billion dollar bequest recently put the Salvation Army on the front pages of many newspapers (and raised important questions about the potential effects of wealth on Christian organizations). But we didn't need the reminder—we've known all about the Army for a long time.
Or have we?
We tend to associate them with Christmas kettles, brass bands, and the upright, do-gooder stance gently mocked in the Loesser musical (and Marlon Brando movie) Guys and Dolls. Some of us have had more personal contacts: my wife and I still remember fondly the atmosphere of caring and peace in the Army-operated maternity hospital in Halifax, Nova Scotia, where our first three children were born. And in our younger, poorer years, we both sported the latest student chic off the racks of the "Sally Ann" thrift shop on Halifax's grimy Gottingen Street.
But do we really know this high-profile national organization? It seems the Army has become such a cultural fixture that the New York Times was actually shocked to discover that it is a Christian denomination whose first allegiance is to its Lord and whose first mission is evangelism.
But these commitments have never been far to find. They were the founding principles of this Wesleyan church, and they drove its tremendous nineteenth- and twentieth-century growth.
Apostle to the masses
William Booth —the Salvation Army's co-founder with his wife, Catherine—was born on April 10, 1829, in Nottingham , England. As Norman Murdoch put it in our Issue #26: William & Catherine Booth , "The Booths were at best laboring class, with little education. His father, 'a Grab, a Get,' by William's definition, died when William was just 14. By that time William was helping to earn the family income by working as a pawnbroker's apprentice. Mrs. Booth ran a small shop in a poor Nottingham district where she sold household wares."
Converted at 15 by Wesleyans (British Methodists), Booth soon became caught up in the soul-saving fervor of visiting American Methodist revivalist James Caughey and the bold and systematic approach of Caughey's compatriot, evangelist Charles Grandison Finney . Murdoch tells how Booth set out with a group of friends to evangelize Nottingham's poor. "They held nightly open-air addresses, after which they invited people to meetings in cottages. Their use of lively songs, short exhortations calling for a decision for Christ, visitation of the sick and of converts (whose names and addresses they recorded) all anticipated methods Booth would write into Salvation Army Orders and Regulations thirty years later."
In the 1885 publication All About the Salvation Army, William Booth himself sketched the next phase of his ministry in the third person:
"General Booth …. became a minister of the Methodist New Connexion, and traveled in a great many parts of England, seeing great success in winning souls, until the year 1861, when he resigned his position as a regular minister, and gave himself up, with his wife, to evangelistic work. After this their labours were very largely owned of God, thousands being received into the various churches as the result. In the year 1865, Mr. Booth was led, by the Providence of God, by no plan or idea of his own, to the East of London, where the appalling fact that the enormous bulk of the population were totally ignorant and deficient of real religion, and altogether uninfluenced by the existing religious organizations, so impressed him that he determined to devote his life to making these millions hear and know God, and thus save them from the abyss of misery in which they were plunged, and rescue them from the damnation that was before them."
The result of this vision was the East London Christian Mission, which in 1878 became the Salvation Army. At the meeting where the change took place, Booth and his colleagues announced, "The Christian Mission has met in Congress to make War. It has organized a Salvation Army to carry the blood of Christ and the fire of the Holy Ghost into every corner of the world."
What the Salvation Army believes
Eleven articles of faith were included in the 1878 document establishing The Salvation Army. These are still, today, part of the "Articles of War" that each prospective "soldier" in the Army must sign:
"1. We believe that the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments were given by inspiration of God; and that they only constitute the divine rule of Christian faith and practice.
2. We believe there is only one God, who is infinitely perfect—the Creator, Preserver and Governor of all things—and who is the only proper object of religious worship.
3. We believe that there are three persons in the Godhead—the Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost—undivided in essence and co-equal in power and glory.
4. We believe that in the person of Jesus Christ the divine and human natures are united; so that He is truly and properly God, and truly and properly man.
5. We believe that our first parents were created in a state of innocency but by their disobedience, they lost their purity and happiness; and that in consequence of their fall all men [sic] have become sinners, totally depraved, and as such are justly exposed to the wrath of God.
6. We believe that the Lord Jesus Christ has, by His suffering and death, made an atonement for the whole world, so that whosoever will may be saved.
7. We believe that repentance toward God, faith in our Lord Jesus Christ, and regeneration by the Holy Spirit are necessary to salvation.
8. We believe that we are justified by grace, through faith in our Lord Jesus Christ; and that he that believeth hath the witness in himself.
9. We believe that continuance in a state of salvation depends upon continued obedient faith in Christ.
10. We believe that it is the privilege of all believers to be 'wholly sanctified,' and that their 'whole spirit and soul and body' may 'be preserved blameless unto the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ' (1 Thessalonians 5:23).
11. We believe in the immortality of the soul; in the resurrection of the body; in the general judgment at the end of the world; in the eternal happiness of the righteous; and in the endless punishment of the wicked."
The "submerged tenth"
Before the mid 1880s, Booth tended to see social services as a diversion from revivalism. Early Salvationists had begun various charitable enterprises, but it was only in the decade leading up to the writing of his widely acclaimed book In Darkest England and the Way Out (1890) that Booth changed his mind and integrated the social and spiritual emphases. In Issue 26, Murdoch tells how the firebrand evangelist was inspired by Salvationist workers on the urban "front lines" to begin working for the social salvation and physical well-being of the poorest city dwellers:
"Social reform was in the air when Salvationist slum sisters living in London established refuges for unfortunate women in Soho and Picadilly areas. When the Salvationists discovered that slum dwellers, mostly Irish and southern and eastern European immigrants, opposed their Wesleyan/holiness salvation message as foreign to their culture, they opened homes for 'fallen women' and orphaned 'waifs and strays,' hunted down drunkards, and met released prisoners …. at prison gates. The example of these women led the Booths to join the 1885 'Maiden Tribute' crusade of W. T. Stead, editor of the Pall Mall Gazette. Their efforts brought to world attention the need for legislation to save girls under sixteen from white slavery in London and Paris brothels. In short, 'social' Salvationists began to change the mind of William Booth."
But there was another factor in Booth's change of heart, says Murdoch. This was the early Salvation Army's woeful inability to reach the "heathen masses" in urban slums. By 1888, "while the Army grew in working-class neighborhoods, it declined in the poorest slums," especially around Booth's East End headquarters, where "surveyors could scarcely find a Salvationist."
In his Darkest England, Booth called these destitute Londoners the "Submerged Tenth." They comprised "(1) those who, having no capital or income of their own, would in a month be dead from sheer starvation were they exclusively dependent upon the money earned by their own work; and (2) those who by their utmost exertions are unable to attain the regulation allowance of food which the law prescribes as indispensable even for the worst criminals in our gaols…. . Three million men, women, and children, a vast despairing multitude in a condition nominally free, but really enslaved—these it is whom we have to save."
Solidarity with the poor
The Salvation Army's ministry was never one of condescending charity, in which the rich and cultured went "slumming" with baskets of food and lessons on home management and hygiene. According to scholar E. H. McKinley, the early leaders including Booth "had come to Army work from social backgrounds that ranged from the respectable working class, at best, to the ranks of the desperately poor." They ministered to the destitute out of solidarity, not superiority.
From the beginning, the Army did attract support from all ranks—including the Joan Krocs of their day. Occasionally, McKinley writes, "a person from a good social background would actually join the Army. Frederick de Lautour Tucker, a high-ranking colonial official who became an officer in the Army and later Booth's son-in-law, is a notable example.
"With a handful of such exceptions, however, the Army's early leaders had been poor. They knew poverty, its terror and futility, and they knew how little the light of the Christian gospel had penetrated the vast, dismal acres of city slums in which they had passed their lives. They now felt called to return there with the Good News that God and The Salvation Army loved all people alike."
The Salvation Army's dual emphasis on living the Christian life and helping the poor has changed our world immeasurably. And it continues to stand as a challenge to those Christians—I include myself—who have become too fond of the comforts afforded by our middle-American lifestyles.
If you would like to know more about William Booth's brand of religion, our Issue 82: Phoebe Palmer and the American Holiness Revival, mailing late this May, will delve more deeply into the unique combination of spiritual and social salvation that marked the Salvation Army and other Wesleyan-derived groups.
| The Salvation Army |
How many years make up a vicennial period? | Fire in the Blood - Paul Lovatt Cooper - ISB - YouTube
Fire in the Blood - Paul Lovatt Cooper - ISB
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Published on Jul 15, 2013
Fire in the Blood - Paul Lovatt Cooper - ISA. This video is simply putting the words associated with the music in this piece. Available for sale from http://www.worldofbrass.com/acatalog/...
Fire in the Blood was commissioned by Dr Stephen Cobb for the 120th anniversary of the International Staff Band of the Salvation Army. The piece was composed for the celebration concert where the ISB were joined by several other staff bands from around the world to perform independently to a sell-out capacity crowd at Britain's most famous concert hall The Royal Albert Hall. Fire in the Blood received its world premier at the 'ISB 120' concert at the Royal Albert Hall on June 4th 2011.
With this piece I wanted to acknowledge music that had an impact on me through my Salvation Army upbringing. When thinking of a title for this piece I had no hesitation than to reflect and re-word the Salvation Army's motto under their famous crest 'Blood and Fire'.
When composing Fire in the Blood I wanted to use three songs of worship that have been prevalent in the Salvation Army's services over a number of years. Opening with Richard Phillips' setting of Psalm 95, 'Sing for Joy', the music is vibrant and full of energy, I wanted to capture the spirit of the well known words of Scripture. The music then moves into a more reflective section that includes Howard Davies' emotive song melody 'Lord, you know that we love you' and Laurie Klein's worship song 'I love you Lord'.
A re-statement of the opening Psalm setting follows and this, in turn, leads into a dramatic and powerful finale that combines two pivotal statements drawn from the slower, reflective section: I love you lord, and I lift my voice to worship you, O my soul rejoice and Lord, you know that we love you with a final flourish from Psalm 95: Come let us sing joy to the Lord!
Category
| i don't know |
What is the name of the pub at Topsham near Exeter to which Queen Elizabeth made her first official pub visit, in 1998? | Exeter Living - issue 198 by MediaClash - issuu
Food/Arts/Entertainment/Shopping/Homes ISSUE 198 / SEPTEMBER 2016 / £3
ISSUE 198 / SEPTEMBER 2016 / TIP TOPSHAM
TOTALLY TOPSHAM AN
A TO Z OF THE BOOMING ESTUARY TOWN
BOOK YOUR XMAS PARTIES NOW (YEP, SORRY!)
POWDERHAM FOOD FESTIVAL
IT’S BACK TO SCHOOL TIME!
PIG & PALLET ART AND SOUL AT EXETER CONTEMPORARY OPEN
EDITOR’S LETTER / ISSUE 198 / SEPTEMBER 2016
18
ON TOPSHAM FORM An A-Z of one of the UK’s most sought-after spots
Down by the river You don’t need us to tell you how great Topsham is. You already know. As, indeed, do a great many others outside the region, judging by the number of people we’ve met who have made the move to the estuary town from other parts of the country. Quaint and cute Topsham may be, with its Dutch gabled houses, lapping waters and wildlife, but it’s no Toytown – creators of world-class cuisine, and a dynamic business and creative scene, including some of our very favourite independent shops and designer-makers, also call this place home. It’s hard to think of another UK city besides Exeter that has anything as great as Topsham administratively attached to it and so, in this issue, we pay gushing tribute across several pages. Where better to spend time as summer draws to a close? We’ll see you on the ferry to the Turf Locks. . . Anna Britten, Editor Follow us on Twitter: @ExeterLiving
Bang & Olufsen of Exeter 30/31 Gandy Street | EX4 3LS 01392 424600 | [email protected]
52 Southside St, The Barbican, Plymouth PL1 2LB | 01752 228 451 | www.samcoxbridalwear.co.uk
CONTENTS / ISSUE 198 / SEPTEMBER 2016 M EET T H E T EAM
NEWS
8 Spotlight
All hail the rock bands of Exeter! Plus Where Am I? et al
Managing editor Deri Robins [email protected] Senior art editor Andrew Richmond Graphic design Megan Allison Cover design Trevor Gilham Editor’s photo Emma Solley Contributors Fran McElhone, Roxanne Duris, Rosie Hurley, Pamela Duke, Chris Bentley
15 Lucy Hounsom
New pens, BHS skirts – our columnist misses that back to school buzz. . .
Advertising manager Joss Phillips [email protected] Account manager Paula Miller [email protected] Account manager Jason Coward [email protected] Commercial director Steve Hawkins [email protected]
MAIN FEATURES 18 Totally Topsham From ‘Arty’ to ‘Zummer’ – our take on Topsham’s best bits
64 New Term? No Stress! Schools special: tips for parents, plus all the essential Open Days
64
ARTS 29 Arts Intro Look who’s coming to Budleigh Lit Fest!
30 What’s On There’s rich pickings in and around the city for you culture vultures
SHOPPING
Why Exeter Contemporary Open 2016 must be in your calendar
We may just have found your new ‘going out’ coat. . .
FOOD & DRINK 42 Munch Time Everything you need to know about Powderham Food Festival
46 Restaurant Pulled pork and kitchen roll at The Pig & Pallet in Topsham
58 Ed’s Choice We splash out (see what we did there?) in Topsham’s shops
60 Special Shops St Thomas’s friendly ‘community fibre arts space’ Wool on the Exe
BUSINESS
50 It’s Christmas Time
79 Business Insider
OK, it’s not. Of course it’s not. But it will be. And you will thank us for making you book ahead
Fore Street, Nuffield Health and more good news from the commercial sector
82 One To Watch Seabrook Clark’s Matthew Clark
REGUL ARS 71 Tom Brown Sarah Dunn, new head of Maynard
75 Seen! Glam gatherings in Exeter and Honiton
98 Exeter Lives
Chef Tom from Topsham’s Salutation Inn
Production and distribution manager Sarah Kingston [email protected] Deputy production manager Christina West [email protected] Production designer Kirstie Howe [email protected] Chief executive Jane Ingham [email protected] Chief executive Greg Ingham [email protected] Exeter Living, MediaClash, Circus Mews House, Circus Mews, Bath BA1 2PW 01225 475800 www.mediaclash.co.uk @The MediaClash © All rights reserved. May not be reproduced without written permission of MediaClash.
About MediaClash We’re a Bath-based publisher, creative agency and event organiser Magazines Our portfolio of regional magazines celebrates the best of local living: Bath, Bristol, Cardiff, Exeter and Salisbury. We also publish foodie mag Crumbs. (www.crumbsmag.com, @CrumbsMag) and wedding title Vow (@VowMag). Agency From the design and build of websites to digital marketing and creating company magazines, we can help. Events We create, market, promote and operate a wide variety of events both for MediaClash and our clients Contact: [email protected]
On the cover Emma Solley took this gorgeous photo of Topsham: emmasolley.com
46
WHAT’S MAKING THE NEWS IN EXETER
The band weren’t happy when Hubbox ran out of chilli dogs
EVERYBODY’S TALKING ABOUT…
EXETER ROCK BANDS It’s not all about Muse and Coldplay… two other Exeter guitar bands have new albums out – and the critics have gone crazy It’s been a while since Exeter dispatched a new band to shake up the global pop/rock scene – and Messrs Chris Martin and Matt Bellamy and their gangs will always enjoy godfather status round these parts – but two younger combos from the city are enjoying a very busy September indeed. Exeter grunge-pop band Black Foxxes dropped debut album I’m Not Well (right) on Spinefarm/Universal on 19 August, whizzing to the top end of the iTunes rock charts and prompting a slew of rave reviews from the rock press. “One of the most exciting debut albums of the year,” quoth industry bible Music Week; while esteemed music website Drowned In Sound reached for a 10-out-of-10 score and these words: “This is rock music – pure and unfiltered, shameless and fresh as the driven snow and it’s f***ing glorious.” Following packed performances at this summer’s festivals, including Radio 1 Big Weekend, Download Festival and Reading & 8 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
Leeds, the three-piece of Mark Holley, Tris Jane and Ant Thornton will now be touring the US from New York to LA – including a festival appearance in Chicago and a set at
the famous Viper Room, West Hollywood. You can catch them at their homecoming gig at Exeter Cavern on 29 October. Which, coincidentally, is the very venue where another – longer-established – Exeter outfit, smart blues-rockers The Computers (above), played live for the first time. The band – whose highly-rated repertoire includes songs called Bring Me The Head Of A Hipster and Disco Sucks – release their third album Birth/Death (One Little Indian), recorded in Devon and promising a feast of “garage-soul, punk ’n’ roll” cuts, on 30 September. The five-piece of Al Kershaw (vocals), Aidan Sinclair (drums), Fred Ansell (keyboards), James Mattock (guitar) and Tom McMahon (bass) are promoting the album with a UK and European tour this autumn. No Exeter date, lads? Sort it out. blackfoxxes.com thisisthecomputers.com
SPOTLIGHT
Well, that’s us sorted – but what are you having?
Local folk share their photos This issue: Quickes Cheese instagram.com/quickescheese
PHOTO BY FAYDIT PHOTOGRAPHY
First concrete down for our new milking parlour
FESTIVAL Let’s get ready to rumble! Joe Vs. Cheese but who’s going to win? #quickesolympics
ONE FOR THE ROAD
Moove over Rooney! Our girls have this! #football
The team behind the Exeter Living Awardwinning Exeter Street Food are launching a new festival of drinks in Exeter on 24 September. The Cockt-Ale Festival will gather distillers and brewers from across the South West at Exeter’s Piazza Terracina for a free festival of cocktails and real ales, live entertainment, ‘street food village’ and food and drink pairing demonstrations courtesy of Exeter Cookery School, and shopping opportunities. Karen Skerratt, managing director of
the Hubb Group, the company behind Exeter Street Food and the Cockt-Ale Festival, said: “Our Cockt-Ale Festival aims to give a platform to local distillers and brewers who are rarely given this kind of exposure. We are blessed with some great independent businesses emerging from the South West which play a large part in our local economy, creating new jobs and encouraging innovation and collaboration in the sector.” streetfoodexeter.co.uk
ARTS
Table tennis – Quicke’s style! Fun in packing! #quickesolympics
The cows really weren’t impressed with our athletic abilities! #quickesolympics
In the first event of its kind, Exeter’s cultural venues are getting together to celebrate a new season of arts events across the city. Organisers and hosts the Bike Shed Theatre will be joined by Exeter Cathedral, The Cygnet Theatre, Devon Libraries, Exeter Northcott Theatre, Exeter Phoenix, RAMM and members of the public on 5 September, to officially announce their events taking place between September and December, from plays to exhibitions and family events. Highlights include A Pacifist’s Guide To The War On Cancer by renowned theatre company Complicité at Exeter Northcott Theatre; the exhibition Kurt Jackson: Revisiting Turner’s Tourism at
“Let’s be having you!”
RAMM and The Bike Shed’s Christmas show Beneath The Blizzard (pictured). Tickets are free but are subject to availability and must be booked in advance. bikeshedtheatre.co.uk
www.mediaclash.co.uk I EXETER LIVING I 9
SPOTLIGHT
Perfect nails are no barrier to craft
CRAFTS
MAKING IT BIG
Exeter will ring with the clack of crochet hooks and knitting needles from 22-25 September as the annual crafting fayre that is the Stitching, Sewing & Hobbycrafts show rolls into Westpoint Exeter again. Over 180 exhibitors will be showcasing their products and creations, with craft lovers ranging from complete beginners to seasoned experts invited to indulge their passion with other likeminded individuals and meet the experts. Highlights include the mammoth A Cardigan For Cardigan – a five-metre-wide piece of knitwear created over nine months by the people of Cardigan to celebrate the Welsh town’s 900-year heritage; and a touring exhibition of floral quilts by the Quilters’ Guild of the British Isles. A free programme of demonstrations, workshops and talks will also run during each day. ichfevents.co.uk.
SEVEN DEADLY SINS In our regular mini Q&A with visiting and local performers, Metta Theatre’s POPPY BURTON-MORGAN bares her wicked soul LUST: Who or what do you find yourself lusting after today? I’m not a circus performer myself so when I see our circus performers in Blown Away I do rather lust after their bodies, in an entirely non-sexual but rather I-wish-Iwas-that-strong/bendy way. GREED: What should you be cutting down on (non-food and drink!)? Our bookshelves are overflowing so I think we need to cut down on books or maybe introduce a one-in-one-out policy.
10 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
GLUTTONY: What one thing could you happily eat or drink until you burst? Chips. I just love chips. I’ll never be a circus performer with my love of chips, but hey ho. SLOTH: What should you be really putting your back into right now? When I’m rehearsing a new show I like to train alongside the performers – when it’s an opera I’ll sing with them, when it’s Shakespeare I’ll improvise speaking in iambic pentameter. So when we’re making a circus show, I try to join in the warm ups and learn some tricks. But it’s so hot at the moment, I’m not really pulling my weight. Oh, and I need to finish off all the knitting I’m doing for the show – all the puppets and props are knitted and I’ve got a backlog of icicles still to knit. WRATH: What/who makes you angry? People who dismiss family theatre or work for younger audiences as somehow less important/interesting/relevant/ ground-breaking.
PRIDE: What’s your proudest achievement? Keeping our company Metta Theatre afloat for over a decade – in such an economically unstable climate and with no regular funding.
ENVY: Who are you jealous of? My amazing performers. Fearless, beautiful and a wonder to watch.
Metta Theatre’s Blown Away, for ages 3+, is at Exeter Northcott from 3-4 September; 01392 726363; exeternorthcott.co.uk
Local laughmonger Jennifer Saunders
film
JEN PARTY Glamorous, ambitious and well-connected, Chagford Film Festival is back for another year – and this year a famous local face will be among those showing off their latest movies. None other than comedy A-lister and Chagford resident Jennifer Saunders is to introduce her recent project Absolutely Fabulous: The Movie and answer audience questions afterwards. Running from 26 September to 1 October, Chagford Film Festival offers a mix of films, events and workshops, presented by top industry professionals. Events this year include an animation day with special guests Aardman Animations, chocolate-making with star chocolatier Grant Mather, and the cute Sol Cinema, the country’s smallest solar-powered picturehouse. With a theme of ‘Las Vegas comes to Chagford’ running throughout the week, we reckon tickets will be hotter than the Nevada desert, sweetie. visitchagford.com chagfordfilmfestival.com
Where am i?
Test your knowledge of Exeter’s hidden corners... We don’t know who Captain Harry was, but someone loved him enough to do this. Where, though? We’ll tell you on page 98. . .
OPINION
LUCY HOUNSOM
ROLL UP, ROLL UP Shorten your skirt and decorate your homework book! Lucy hails the new school term
H
ave you noticed how often an Indian summer heralds the autumn term? Just as the schools reopen, the temperature soars, skies are almost painfully blue and you spend the entirety of maths class staring out the window, longing for an ice cream. As a kid, I generally found the start of a new school year exciting, at least until I was three weeks into it. A new year meant new uniform, new shoes and – particularly alluring for a literature geek such as myself – new stationery. Gel pens, fountain pens, rubbers that looked so smooth and delicious you could just eat them. . . I’ll stop. My situation was unusual in the fact that I attended theatre school. I’d have to buy new ballet shoes and leotards alongside the traditional school uniform. In winter, we wore tracksuits, but the summer meant sailor blouses and black pleated skirts. I’m sure I’m not the only one who recalls BHS as the ancestral home of said skirts. No matter how sneakily I slid a smaller size off the rail, Mum would see and make me exchange it for a larger. Like most of my female school friends, the aim of the game was to roll up our skirts as high as possible without getting told off. Since the skirts at BHS came halfway down my vertically-challenged legs, I had to do a lot of rolling. On reflection, it must have looked very silly indeed. But the height of cool meant short skirts and high heels, and the latter proved challenging when you bought your shoes from Clarks (do you remember those weird devices they used to measure kids’ feet)? Heels, however, were where Mum relented – perhaps because she’s short herself. I started a trend among the younger students, including my sister, who all wanted to follow in my blocky-heeled footsteps.
It’s funny how little changes when you move from school to work. Granted there’s more choice, but you still have to wear a uniform of sorts and arrive on time lest you provoke the boss’s ire. School is an excellent preparation for the 9 to 5 office job. Proving that no one really grows up, my parents used to run an events company and one of their more popular theme days was called ‘School Dinners.’ Grown adults from companies like Dell and Hitachi would arrive on a school bus, the women dressed like girls from St Trinian’s, the men in little boy shorts. They’d be high on fizzy pink champagne and ready to take part in the murder mystery game: Who Killed The Head? (That has to be every child’s secret wish.) There was even a naughty corner for adults who became too silly, water pistols at playtime, sausages and spotted dick for lunch and prizes for the top House. It resembled something from Carry On Teacher. What these clichés tell us is that people prefer to remember the best bits of school and that doesn’t always involve joking around; the autumn term meant new challenges, new lessons. It meant catching up with friends, swapping holiday stories and knuckling down to some serious work after the long, surprisingly aimless break. For me, there were rubbers to nibble*, shoes to show off, skirts to roll, and homework diaries to decorate obsessively with as many gel pen colours as possible (that’s one of mine, on the left). And when ennui inevitably began to set in, there was the fun of Halloween ahead. . . but that’s a story for another time. *No rubbers were eaten in the writing of this article.
NEW
PENS, RUBBERS THAT SO SMOOTH AND
LOOKED DELICIOUS
YOU COULD EAT THEM… I’LL
STOP
Lucy Hounsom is a fantasy fiction author and bookseller from Sidmouth. Her debut novel Starborn is out now on Pan Macmillan. Follow her on Twitter: @silvanhistorian
www.mediaclash.co.uk I EXETER LIVING I 15
BROWSE 3 FLOORS OF FURNITURE
TOTALLY TOPSHAM From art to yachts via Dick Pym and Vivien Leigh, ANNA BRITTEN celebrates this enchanting spot on the River Exe Photo s by E M M A SOL L E Y
18 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
TOPSHAM
FEW BETTER PLACES TO LIVE
W
hether you’re native enough to pronounce it ‘Topsum’, or a newcomer thrilled to have washed up in paradise, living in this ancient port south of Exeter means you’ve pretty much won the lifestyle lottery. Topsham crops up regularly in ‘best places to live in the UK’ polls, and for good reason. “Topsham remains as popular as ever,” says Joel Moore, manager of estate agent Wilkinson Grant in Topsham, main agent in the town for many years. “With its fantastic range of shops, popular restaurants and pubs as well as fascinating and beautiful historic buildings, there are few better places to live whilst having excellent access into Exeter, onto the M5 and Exeter Airport.” And while this does make Topsham pricey, you’d be wrong to think it’s beyond the reach of all but millionaires: “Topsham is definitely a property
bubble, with prices being very different to Exeter and surrounding towns. Prices can range from a retirement flat for £100,000 up to a Dutch house for £2million. In some streets, prices have risen by as much as 20% in the last few years, whereas other streets have seen very little change, depending on supply and demand. “Despite being known as an expensive area, there are a huge variety of houses in Topsham including ex-council houses and small apartments. There really is something for everyone, but unless you have a very large budget in order to live in the town, compromise is definitely a key word when it comes to choosing a property.” As well as being a great place to live, Topsham is also a sought-after place to do business. “The community has a lovely feel, people are warm and welcoming,” says Grant McAree at The Whyte House Dental Practice. “I will always appreciate Topsham and the people that make it what it is today.” Oh, and trust us – the parking’s never as bad as people say. w
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TOPSHAM
A
IS FOR ARTY
Great light, a surfeit of beautiful vistas… Artists, illustrators and photographers love Topsham, and the Topsham Art Group provides many of them with a support network and platform. Bargainarts keeps them in supplies, and art lovers can pick up original pieces at shops like Art@96, Fleming & Sell and Artenax. ALSO: Arthurs Butchers – long-running family business purveying fine local meat.
B
IS FOR BRIDGE INN
The 900-year-old Bridge Inn, run by the same family since 1897, was famously visited by the Queen in 1998 – her first official pub visit. After all that, she declined a drink! ALSO: Bookshop, namely antiquarian and second-hand trader Topsham Books.
C
IS FOR CHARCUTERIE
The first time we clocked Topsham chorizo we took a photo of it. The first time we tasted it we fell in love forever. Good Game was dreamed up by three mates in the 90s – now Jim, Steve and Pete are responsible for cured meats and sausages using only salt and Exe estuary air, and one of Devon’s biggest artisan food success stories. ALSO: Cheese – namely cheesemonger Country Cheeses; and the town’s Chamber Music Society, bringing high quality classical concerts to St Margaret’s Church.
D
IS FOR DUTCH
Those eye-catching Dutch-style, merchant’s houses in Topsham date from the early 18th century when the town was an important cotton port. Many of the bricks were actually shipped over from Holland. ALSO: Darts Farm.
E
IS FOR ESTUARY
Topsham sits on the east shore, just where the River Exe widens and starts to spill out into the sea. “An estuary of untrammelled, quintessential nautical British loveliness,” said The Guardian last summer when exhorting its readers to move there (many of them did). ALSO: Mighty fine French restaurant L’Estuaire, authentic French cooking in a stylish converted boathouse on the Quay.
F
IS FOR FESTIVALS
The Topsham Food Festival brings together all the town’s best eating and drinking experiences. A reliable highlight is Nello’s Longest Table, a communal feast that raises funds for local worthy causes and was started by friends of popular, local restaurateur Nello Ghezzo who died in 1999 and dreamed of such an event. The two events are usually held every two years. Look out, too, for the Topsham Music Festival, and Beer and Bacon Festival. ALSO: Film Society, one of the town’s most active societies, with over 200 members, screening about two films a year at Matthews Hall.
G
IS FOR THE GAP
A geographical and spiritual border between Exeter and Topsham, the Topsham Gap is a strip of green land between the two places that’s fiercely defended by local campaigners. Developers, be warned: one does not simply build on the Topsham Gap. ALSO: Well-regarded fish and seafood restaurant The Galley; and Goat Walk, a raised path along the riverside. w
20 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
Fisherman’s cottages and merchant’s houses sit cheek-by-jowl, and vessels of myriad shapes, sizes and vintages dot the water
TOPSHAM
GREAT LIGHT, A SURFEIT OF BEAUTIFUL VISTAS. . . ARTISTS,
ILLUSTRATORS AND PHOTOGRAPHERS LOVE TOPSHAM
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TOPSHAM
H
IS FOR HENSHER
The Booker-shortlisted novelist Philip Hensher used to live in Topsham, and appropriated it (renamed ‘Hanmouth’) as the well-heeled, bohemian backdrop to his darkly comic 2011 novel King Of The Badgers. It wasn’t exactly a loveletter, but still. . .
I
IS FOR INTERIORS
If you’re jeujing up a house, chances are you’ve spent some time at Topsham’s design hotspot, Dart Business Park, where you’ll find high-end kitchen and bathroom supremos Sapphire Spaces, Amos Lighting’s new showroom, and Dusk Lighting, as well as Fired Earth and the AGA Shop showroom at Darts Farm across the road. In Topsham itself you’ve got, to name but a few, furniture store Casa, Carter-Derrick Carpets, French- and New England-style goods at the ultra-tasteful Nest Interiors, and ethical mattress-makers Natural Mat, who supply Harrods!
Lose yourself in the quirky shops of meandering Fore Street 22 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
JIS FOR JEWELLERY
Creative types love Topsham, and it seems to be a particularly fertile spot for jewellers. Check out Topsham-based online trader By Tory for elegantly simple pieces, and Anna Bowen’s Birdie Num Num which is available online and also in her bricks and mortar shop Bird Cage. Quirky costume pieces can be found at Violette and more classic fare at Topsham Jewellers.
K
IS FOR KNIGHTLEY
That’s Steve Knightley. One of the country’s greatest folk musicians (and PJ Harvey’s former guitar teacher) is a proud Topsham resident who gets involved in plenty of local events and good causes. He formed Show Of Hands with Phil Beer in 1986 and the pair tour regularly (with Miranda Sykes on double bass).
L
IS FOR LIBRARY
Story time and reading groups are among the events on at this volunteer-run community resource run by the local charity Estuary League of Friends. ALSO: Popular gastro-boozer The Lighter Inn; and gorgeous gift shop Lark.
TOPSHAM
M
IS FOR MUSEUM
Among many other fascinating things, Topsham Museum houses the silk nightie Vivien Leigh wore in Gone With The Wind. (How so? Her sister-in-law from her first marriage lived in Topsham) and other Leigh memorabilia. ALSO: Matthews Hall, which hosts a great Saturday morning market, plus other community events and classes, and has a nice little café; and Maine, USA, where another, not as good, Topsham is located.
N
IS FOR NATURE
Topsham is a birdwatcher’s paradise. Gaze across the reed beds to see avocets, oystercatchers, dunlins, little ringed plovers, little egrets and other water birds, especially at one of the two RSPB nature reserves: Exminster Marshes and Bowling Green Marsh. Or join one of their nature walks every Saturday at Darts Farm at 2pm.
O
IS FOR THE ORANGE TREE
Cruise to the Turf pub: be sure to say hello to charismatic ferry man Mike Stevens
Stocking prestigious brands like Mulberry, Michael Kors, Caudalie, Dr Sebagh and Emma Bridgwater, owner Li Case has made The Orange Tree – in Darts Farm – one of the very best places in Devon for a quality shopping trip with your mum, with the girls, or just your own sense of self-worth. ALSO: Outdoor pool – this (heated) community gem next to the Fire Station, is open April to September. w
A stroll along Goat Walk will help to work off all Topsham’s gastro delights
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TOPSHAM
P
IS FOR PRONUNCIATION
Top-shum is the most common pronunciation; though older locals say Top-sum – which is actually more etymologically correct, when you think about it. ALSO: The Passage House Inn; the 193-year-old Topsham Pharmacy, the oldest in the south west; Pig and Pallet (see review on page 46), and legendary Exeter City footballer Dick Pym, goalie for Bolton Wanderers in the first FA Cup Final at Wembley in 1923, born here in 1893.
Q
IS FOR THE QUAY
Small but atmospheric, with the sound of masts jangling in the breeze, and notable for the highly browsable Quay Antiques Centre in the former Customs House – three floors of curios and collectables from around 70 dealers.
R
IS FOR RUGBY
“We are more than just sport,” states Topsham Rugby Club, which has not only 16 teams ranging from Topsham Old Boys to Under 7s, but also a programme of community events. On 11 September it is staging a concert by Show Of Hands (see also ‘K’) in memory of Lily Partridge, the Topsham Ladies player who died last year – see What’s On (page 30) for details. ALSO: The cosy Route 2 Café, gifted and witty papercut artists Rhombus and Pineapple, and Richard’s Greengrocer & Florist.
S
IS FOR SAILING
Topsham sailing club members regularly set sail from the Channel Islands, France and beyond, as well as taking part in a busy schedule of racing at weekends and on weekday evenings, and social events. Especially popular are the Devon yawls – quite a spectacle. ALSO: Salutation Inn (see Lives, page 98), fashion boutique Siena, and the annual Secret Gardens weekend.
produces close to 50,000 bottles of organic, award-winning sparkling, white, rosé and red wine a year, and supplies some of the region’s best hotels, pubs and restaurants. The vineyards cover a total area of 23 acres at Ebford and at West Hill near Ottery St Mary, and the Frenchstyle tasting cellar (where you can eat, drink, and buy the wine to take home) is on Ferry Road in the centre of Topsham.
W
IS FOR THE WARDROBE
Thrifty Topsham women’s best-kept secret, stocking pre-loved clothes, shoes and accessories by the likes of Mulberry, Ted Baker, Karen Millen, Ghost, Gina, Betty Barclay, Jaques Vert, Olsen and others.
T
Z
IS FOR TOPPA
If names determine your future, we have an Anglo Saxon bigshot to thank for Topsham’s apt first syllable. His name was Toppa, and the town he sparked into life is now synonymous with the Devon good life. ALSO: The much-loved Turf Pub across the water, an old lock-keeper’s cottage that you can only reach by boat, bike, or on foot. Or take the ferry from Trout’s Boatyard on Ferry Road.
IS FOR URBAN DISTRICT
Suburb or not? The official Exeter urban district swallowed Topsham up at the end of the 19th century, but the town was once quite distinct from the city. To many, it still is. See also ‘G’.
IS FOR VINEYARD
Started in 1999 as a community venture, Topsham’s Pebblebed Wines now
24 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
Community resources like the pool, museum, library and Matthews Hall supplement Topsham’s natural wonders and make life here an all-weather pleasure
IS FOR EXE SAILS AND COVERS
Salcombe may have spawned boatie faves Quba Sails, but Topsham has this outfit which not only makes and repairs sails and boat covers for proper sailors but also sells cool stuff for landlubbers. We’ve never unrolled a jib in our lives but we still yearn for one of their recycled sailcloth kitbags.
IS FOR YACHTIES
If you would like to pass as a Topsham yachtie, you must never actually call your vessel a ‘yacht’ – it is a ‘boat’. You must wear ancient deck shoes spattered with antifouling paint, and be permanently slightly damp. Pronounce ‘starboard’ as ‘stuh-bud’ and remember the loo is the ‘head’.
IS FOR ZUMMER
Best time to be yer. Though spring, autumn and winter not zackly bad neither.
THE
WAS ONCE QUITE
DISTINCT FROM THE CITY. TO MANY, IT STILL IS
a splash of colour from bristish designers Topsham’s destination for unusual, exciting, one-off items by British designers
Investment pieces, affordable cool, and original, contemporary paintings come to
for a splash of colour and support local makers
visit us online: www.artenax.co.uk 32 fore street, topsham tel: 01392 874172 email: [email protected] b artenaxdesigns a @artenaxnikki x artenax
mention you have seen artenax in Exeter Living to receive a
FREE artist’s card with any purchase in September and October
SIENA Boutique
53 Fore Street, Topsham 01392 873386 Stockist of: Part Two In Wear Odd Molly James Jeans
FINE DINING RESTAURANT WITH ROOMS
Christmas Parties The Salutation Christmas Party Menu can be enjoyed in Assembly room or Glass House for 8 to 35 people. A pre order will then be required from each member of the party. 3 courses £29.50 or £34.50 with canapé
Christmas Luncheon 7 Courses - £95pp
New Years Eve 7 Courses - £90pp
Please call Amelia to book or discuss a larger booking.
Christmas at L’estuaire
festive and christmas menus now available. Booking essential. L’estuaire Bistro and Bar is the perfect place for casual and relaxed dining in Topsham. We have a lovely outside seating area for fabulous food and drinks! Open: Tuesday to Saturday, 9.30 till late. Sunday, 10-4pm.
68 Fore Street, Topsham, EX3 0HL | 01392 873060
www.salutationtopsham.co.uk bfind us on facebook a @salutation1
6 The Quay,The Strand Topsham,Exeter EX3 0JB Phone: 01392 876 801 | Email: [email protected]
www.lestuaire.co.uk
EXETER ’ S AWARD - WINNING SEAFOOD RESTAURANT
‘ THE
BEST OF DEVON ON A PLATE ’
THE GALLEY T
M
- FISH & SEAFOOD RESTAURANT -
Set Lunch & À La Carte Fresh Locally Sourced Fish & Seafood Overlooking The River Exe - Day Boat Fish Pipers Farm Meat - Creative Vegetarian Dishes Open Tuesday to Saturday 12 - 2.30pm & 6.30 - 9pm Closed Sundays & Mondays 41 Fore Street, Topsham, Exeter EX3 0HU [email protected] 01392 876078
w w w. g a l l e y r e s t a u r a n t . c o . u k
Exeter Living
is available to download. www.mediaclash.co.uk
S O L I C I T O R S “Efficient and prompt service. Good value for money.”
“Best service we have ever had from a solicitor!”
“Very good service”
“High quality, sought to protect our interests, got on with the job”
“Have always found you to be good”
Visit us online at: www.fordsimey.co.uk Exeter: 01392 274126 - Exmouth: 01395 272241 - Sidmouth: 01395 577061 - Honiton: 01404 540020
Art/craft/music/theatre/more
SNAPSHOTS OF EXETER’S CULTURAL LIFE
THINK UP Shami Chakrabarti is the public face of human rights in Britain. As such, she’s never far from the media spotlight, whether it’s as director of Liberty – she stepped down in January this year – chair of the Chakrabarti Enquiry into antisemitism in the Labour Party or offering up her ardent, agile thoughts on TV, radio or in the press. The 47 year-old former lawyer’s 2014 book On Liberty covers issues such as anti-terrorism measures, phone hacking and surveillance, and brings her to Budleigh Salterton Literary Festival this month where she’ll be in conversation with biographer and historian Rachel Holmes. Don’t miss this chance to listen to one of the country’s most distinguished and articulate campaigners. Shami Chakrabarti appears at Budleigh Salterton Literary Festival on 17 September; the festival runs from 15-18 September, at various venues throughout Budleigh Salterton; 01395 445275; budlitfest.org.uk
www.mediaclash.co.uk I EXETER LIVING I 29
2 September – 2 October
Isy Suttie visits Exeter Phoenix on 19 September; see works by Peter Goodhall in Sidmouth from 28 September; Ginny Baily appears at Budleigh Lit Fest on 16 September
Art UNTIL 4 SEPTEMBER
THE SUMMER SHOW Devon Guild of Craftsmen members show off their new work. Devon Guild, Riverside Mill, Bovey Tracey; crafts.org.uk UNTIL 25 SEPTEMBER
ILLUSTRATING HARRY POTTER Jim Kay’s original illustrations, sketches, models and prints from the new edition of JK Rowling’s Harry Potter And The Philosopher’s Stone. Accompanying events include stargazing (19 Aug) and quidditch lessons (until 29 Aug). Hannahs at Seale-Hayne, Newton Abbot; discoverhannahs.org
2-15 SEPTEMBER UNTIL 9 OCTOBER
THE GREAT BIG RHINO PROJECT 42 life-sized, painted rhinos, sponsored by local organisations, have invaded the streets of Exeter, to raise awareness of their plight. Various locations, Exeter and the English Riviera; greatbigrhinos.org.uk UNTIL 20 OCTOBER
EXETER’S FINE ART COLLECTION: SUMMER AND AUTUMN Works from the collection, inspired by summer and autumn. RAMM, Queen Street, Exeter; exeter.gov.uk/ramm
30 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
YVONNE TAYLOR: A JOURNEY IN COLOUR Paintings of India. Glorious Art House, 20 Fore Street, Exeter; theglorious.co.uk 10-25 SEPTEMBER
DEVON OPEN STUDIOS Enjoy and buy art at its origin – in artists’ studios – in Exeter and across the rest of the county. Various venues, Exeter; devonartistnetwork.co.uk 10-25 SEPTEMBER
GESTURE AND COLOUR Exhibition featuring the work of artists Joanne Brown, Trish Browne, Judith Lakeman Fraser and Zee Jones. Woodhayes Gallery, Luppitt,
Honiton; woodhayes.co.uk 10 SEPTEMBER-8 OCTOBER
EDUARDO PAOLOZZI: GENERAL DYNAMIC F.U.N. 50 dazzling screenprints and photolithographs by the Scottish-born pop artist. A Hayward Touring exhibition. Thelma Hulbert Gallery, Dowell St, Honiton; thelmahulbert.com 10 SEPTEMBER-4 DECEMBER
KURT JACKSON: REVISITING TURNER’S TOURISM Works by the contemporary British landscape artist (and Glastonbury Festival artist-inresidence) Jackson and Romantic painter JMW Turner. RAMM, Queen Street, Exeter; exeter.gov.uk/ramm
W H AT ’ S O N
ARTS
Independent Princesshay shop Insideout hosts a Meet The Maker event on 10 September 12 SEPTEMBER-12 NOVEMBER
BETH EMILY RICHARDS Installation exploring pop legend Michael Jackson’s bizarre appearance at Exeter City’s football ground, St James’ Park, in 2002. Phoenix, Gandy Street, Exeter; exeterphoenix.org.uk 16 SEPTEMBER-5 NOVEMBER
EXETER CONTEMPORARY OPEN 2016 See feature, page 38. Phoenix, Gandy Street, Exeter; exeterphoenix.org.uk
Sidmouth EX10 8NG; kennawayhouse.org.uk
Phoenix, Gandy Street, Exeter; exeterphoenix.org.uk
Theatre, Comedy & Dance
23 SEPTEMBER
3-4 SEPTEMBER
BLOWN AWAY Adaptation of Rob Biddulph’s award-winning children’s book, for ages 3+ (and babies). Northcott Theatre, Stocker Road, Exeter; exeternorthcott.co.uk 8-11 SEPTEMBER
17 SEPTEMBER-1 OCTOBER
TOYING WITH ART ‘Pop-up shop’ from artists Paul Russell Cooper and Cliff Gorman and many others, inspired by toys and featuring a ‘Donald Trump Wall’. Rolle Centre, Douglas Avenue, Exmouth EX8 2AU
THE TWO GENTLEMEN OF VERONA The Shakespeare comedy, delivered by none other than Shakespeare’s Globe on tour. Northcott Theatre, Stocker Road, Exeter; exeternorthcott.co.uk 19 SEPTEMBER
28 SEPTEMBER-9 OCTOBER
PETER GOODHALL: SEE THE SEA Large oil paintings of water by the Devon artist. Kennaway House Gallery,
ISY SUTTIE: THE ACTUAL ONE Endearing, hilarious account of finding Mr Right from the Peep Show star and BBC Radio 4 regular.
PETE FIRMAN Magician/comedian, often seen on the telly. Exeter Corn Exchange, Market Street, Exeter; 01392 665938; exeter.gov.uk/cornexchange 25 SEPTEMBER
JOHN HEGLEY: NEW AND SELECTED POTATOES The wonderful performance poet, comedian and musician, and his mandolin, deliver “meditations upon family, celery and happier Daleks”. Phoenix, Gandy Street, Exeter; exeterphoenix.org.uk 29 SEPTEMBER
ETCH New production of inclusive and multi-sensory dance from Plymouth’s Exim Dance Company. Cygnet Theatre, Friars Gate, Exeter; cygnettheatre.co.uk 30 SEPTEMBER
THE TEMPEST Radical revamp of the
Shakespeare classic, from Untold Theatre and Yellowbelly Theatre, combining news footage, digital projections and live action. Cygnet Theatre, Friars Gate, Exeter; cygnettheatre.co.uk
Music & Opera 9-11 SEPTEMBER
LOCKDOWN FESTIVAL The South West’s biggest dance music festival, with Chase & Status, Katy B and Tinie Tempah. Powderham Castle, Kenton; lockdownfestival.com 11 SEPTEMBER
SHOW OF HANDS: CONCERT IN MEMORY OF LILY PARTRIDGE Show of Hands & Friends pay musical tribute to the local rugby player who died in 2015. The concert will raise funds for her team, Topsham RFC, and the Exeter Foundation. Exeter Corn Exchange, Market Street, Exeter; exeter.gov.uk/cornexchange w
www.mediaclash.co.uk I EXETER LIVING I 31
ARTS
W H AT ’ S O N
18 SEPTEMBER
GUADALUPE PLATA Riotous Hispanic delta blues. Phoenix, Gandy Street, Exeter; exeterphoenix.org.uk 24 SEPTEMBER
10CC The band – led by original cofounder Graham Gouldman, celebrates the 40th anniversary of their album Sheet Music which they play in its entirety along with hits like I’m Not In Love. The Great Hall, University of Exeter, Streatham Drive, Exeter; exeternorthcott.co.uk 24 SEPTEMBER
PIANO RECITAL: STEPHEN BEVILLE The acclaimed pianist performs Beethoven’s Sonata in D, Op 28 ‘Pastoral’, his own composition Scenes From Dreams (5 Pieces for Piano) and Kriesleriana, Op 16 by Schumann. Exeter Cathedral, 1 The Cloisters, Exeter; exeter-cathedral.org.uk 1 OCTOBER
THE BLOCKHEADS English punk institution, famous for songs such as Hit Me With Your Rhythm Stick, with Derek Hussey fronting the band in lieu of the late, great Ian Dury. RAMM, Queen Street, Exeter; exeter.gov.uk/ramm
Other Events 7 SEPTEMBER
TRADITIONAL INDIAN MEDICINE Exeter-based herbal expert Simon Mills shares his insights into Ayurvedic medicine. RAMM, Queen Street, Exeter; exeter.gov.uk/ramm
Shakespeare’s Globe present The Two Gentleman of Verona at Exeter Northcott on 8-11 September
Market Street, Exeter; exeter.gov.uk/cornexchange 10 SEPTEMBER
CITY FORAGING WALK Three-hour course led by renowned ethnobotanist and professional forager Robin Harford. Discover all manner of wild food in the hidden foraging haunts of Exeter. RAMM, Queen Street, Exeter; exeter.gov.uk/ramm
10-11 SEPTEMBER
2016 TOUR OF BRITAIN Cheer on Bradley Wiggins and co on the Sidmouth to Haytor leg, taking in Ottery St Mary, Honiton, Tiverton, Crediton and Ide. devontourofbritain.co.uk 9 SEPTEMBER
12 SEPTEMBER
OCEAN FILM FESTIVAL TOUR The world’s best, new oceanthemed short films, totalling over two hours of breathtaking footage taken above and below the waterline. Exeter Corn Exchange,
BUDLEIGH SALTERTON LITERARY FESTIVAL Festival president Hilary Mantel presents top book world names such as Shami Chakrabarti (see also page 29), Devon-based authors Virginia Baily and Jenny Balfour-Paul, and more. Various venues, Budleigh Salterton; budlitfest.org.uk
STARFISH BY STARLIGHT Amazing opportunity to join the Rangers for a torch-lit rockpool safari. 8-9.30pm. Exmouth Beach (left of the lifeboat station), Queens Drive, Exmouth; eastdevoncountryside.co.uk
32 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
to make juice. Free, with no booking required. Meet Younghayes Community Centre, Cranbrook, Exeter; eastdevoncountryside.co.uk 24 SEPTEMBER
COCKT-ALE FESTIVAL See Spotlight, page 9. Piazza Terracina, Exeter; streetfoodexeter.co.uk 26 SEPTEMBER-1 OCTOBER
18 SEPTEMBER
SELF-BUILD AND DESIGN SHOW The South West’s most informative and hands-on show for anyone interested in converting, extending, renovating or self-building. Westpoint Centre, Devon Showground, Clyst St Mary; westpointexeter.co.uk
9 SEPTEMBER
15-18 SEPTEMBER
FAMILY FORAGE A walk in the woods looking for wild food, followed by a cook-up. Booking required. Holyford Woods Local Nature Reserve (parking at Seaton Down picnic site); eastdevoncountryside.co.uk 22-25 SEPTEMBER
STITCHING, SEWING & HOBBYCRAFTS SHOW See Spotlight, page 10. Westpoint Centre, Devon Showground, Clyst St Mary; westpointexeter.co.uk 24 SEPTEMBER
APPLE DAY AT ELBURY FARM Gather, chop and press apples
CHAGFORD FILM FESTIVAL See Spotlight, page 11. Various venues, Chagford; chagfordfilmfestival.com 10 SEPTEMBER
MEET THE MAKER Independent retailer Insideout hosts a showcase of local craft and design talent. 10.30am4.30pm, outside the store. Insideout, Bampfylde Lane, Princesshay, Exeter; gottohaveit.co.uk 1-2 OCTOBER
POWDERHAM FOOD FESTIVAL See feature, page 42. Powderham Castle, Kenton; powderhamfoodfestival.com
Photo: Jon Craig
advertisi n g feat u re T R AV E L
New leaves
During the summer, Bristol turns into one big, outdoor party. But as the nights draw in, the city becomes arguably even more alluring…
C
ities are always at their best in autumn. The streets and cafés are less crowded, the temperatures less hot and sticky. Refreshed from their summer holidays, everyone returns to work with renewed vim and vigour, and there’s a back-to-school buzz about the place; everything brims with new possibility. In Bristol, a city that scores year-round for its culture, innovation and sheer liveability, theatres and concert halls bring out their big shows and plays; independent boutiques unveil their new-season stock. Bristol also has an ever-improving restaurant and cafe scene, that even the locals struggle to keep up with. You can expect to dine on the cream of the autumn harvest: ‘seasonal, sustainable and local’ being the mantra here, both at local independents and brand-new openings up from London, such as The Ivy Clifton Brasserie and Polpo. Every neighbourhood has its star diner; Wallfish in Clifton, Casamia on Harbourside, Wilks in Redland, Bulrush in Cotham, Bell’s Diner in Montpelier, Birch in Southville and Adelina Yard on Welshback all have a national reputation for excellence. It’s a family-friendly city, and within easy walking distance of the centre are two award-winning visitor attractions: kids can get hands-on at renowned science centre At-Bristol, and see history come to life aboard the ss Great Britain; Bristol Zoo Gardens will easily occupy them for most of a day – look out for its newest star, baby lowland gorilla Afia. Don’t miss Clifton Village, with its elegant
Georgian squares, independent shops and spectacular views over the Avon Gorge; this is also the home of Bristol’s most iconic building, Isambard Kingdom Brunel’s Suspension Bridge. On an autumn evening, lit up by fairylights, it’s one of the most intoxicating sights of the city. For a comprehensive line-up of what’s on offer, see the excellent www.visitbristol.co.uk. Falcon coaches run 24/7 and drop you right in the heart of the city so you can take in the sights, a meal and a show and never worry about missing the last train home. And if you're planning to make a weekend of it, Falcon return fares are valid for up to 28 days from the date of issue.
www.mediaclash.co.uk I EXETER LIVING I 37
The TODAY show Exeter Contemporary Open 2016 brings a feast of fresh and exciting art to the city Wor ds by ROXANNE DURIS
E X E T E R C O N T E M P O R A RY O P E N 2 0 1 6
TREAT YOUR EYES TO
SOMETHING COMPLETELY
NEW
Clockwise from opposite: Ankle Grab by Devlin Shea; Susie Green’s Monster Tongue; Matt Burrows launches last year’s Open; we adore the tension and melancholy of Michelle Conway’s Little League 2
ARTS
W
e live in fast times, and today’s art reflects that – with the rush to produce works that are immediate and, perhaps, controversial, often pushing complexity or seriousness aside. Not so the works by emerging contemporary artists from across the world that will be showcased at Exeter Contemporary Open 2016 – an exciting spread of pieces from drawings to performance art, from which contemporary art mavens and casual viewers alike are sure to pick something they love. The annual art exhibition at Exeter Phoenix, now in its 11th year, is open to submissions from visual artists based across the world. This year’s eight finalists have been chosen from hundreds of entries by a top drawer trio of judges – Phoenix curator Matt Burrows, Cheryl Jones of Birmingham’s Grand Union gallery and George Vasey of the Northern Gallery for Contemporary Art in Sunderland. As well as a space in the exhibition, the artists will also compete for a £1,000 Overall Award and a £500 Additional Award, which will be presented at a VIP preview hosted by longtime main sponsors, Southernhaybased chartered accountants Haines Watts. A £200 Audience Choice Award, voted for by visitors, will be announced at the end of the show. US-born, Irish-based painter Michelle Conway captures spaces recently vacated by people, such as the wistful Little League 2 [pictured], a grainy depiction of an empty baseball field viewed through fencing. The drawings of fellow American
artist Devlin Shea explore human intimacy and vulnerability – the title of her recent collection says it all: Emotional Giants. Bristol’s Brendan Lancaster, meanwhile, uses a muted palette to play with mark making, in the process creating layered abstract paintings that leave you intrigued and in contemplative mood. At the more avant-garde end of the artistic scale, Londoner Jamie Fitzpatrick messes with historical statues to upset notions of authority, patriarchy and imperialism; James Parkinson of Bristol fills hollow objects with liquid plaster; and Newcastle performance artist Susie Green poses nude as a life model, and invites her audience to draw her directly onto the gallery walls. New this year is the involvement of the Phoenix’s independent cinema space, Studio 74, screening the exhibition’s two moving image works: Naomi Frears from St Ives works in tandem with her daughter, the poet Ella Frears, to present short films and spoken word exploring their relationship; while Netherlands-born Dorine van Meel, who now works in Berlin, Amsterdam and London, explore themes of power and resistance in her video work Disobedient Children. They are joined by three further artists drawn from the entries – Anne-Marie Creamer, Nick Jordan and Thomas Yeomans – one of whom will win the Moving Image Award and a screening at the Two Short Nights Film Festival at the venue in November. Make a note in your calendar; and treat your eyes to something completely new. Exeter Living is a media partner for the Exeter Contemporary Open, which runs from 16 September to 5 November at Exeter Phoenix, Gandy Street, Exeter; 01392 667080; exeterphoenix.org.uk
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A D V E R T I S I N G F E AT U R E L AW
CARTRIDGES LAW The city firm with a local heart has been established in Exeter for more than 40 years
A
t Cartridges Law we pride ourselves on the quality of work we consistently produce for our clients and on our leading role in the community. We have recently redeveloped our Private Client team at our St Thomas offices. This is the team which deals with everything to do with wills, probate, estate planning and management, and we are delighted to use this opportunity to introduce our lead member of this team, Associate Legal Executive Karyna Squibb. Karyna, who joined Cartridges Law with 15 years’ private client experience, specialises in wills, probate and estate administration. If you’ve got a question about a will, need to know what to do if someone close to you has died or you are the executor of an estate – then get in touch with Karyna, as she’ll know the answer. She also specialises in intestacies - when a
person dies without leaving a valid will - estates involving Deeds of Variation and foreign assets. Karyna also provides legal advice in estate planning, wealth management and asset protection. She has extensive knowledge in the areas of Lasting Powers of Attorney, Deputyship Applications and the Registration of Enduring Powers of Attorney, working with the Office of the Public Guardian and the Court of Protection. Cartridges Law were the first solicitors to join the Exeter Dementia Action Alliance which aims to raise awareness and reduce misconceptions about dementia. It also holds training sessions for local organisations and the public. On joining Cartridges Law, Karyna trained to become a Dementia Champion. She also has a keen interest in the charity sector and charity law. She is a trustee for a south Devon charity, Children and Families in Grief – a cause that Karyna’s legal experience can be particularly valuable in supporting.
For information about wills and probate or any other legal matter please contact us on: Tel: 01392 256854 Email: [email protected] Online: www.cartridgeslaw.co.uk
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MUNCH TIME Skip breakfast! Powderham Food Festival returns this autumn for its mouthwatering fifth year. ROXANNE DURIS reveals all
P
owderham will be throwing open its gates for a fifth time to foodies from across the South West in the first weekend of October. Powderham Food Festival is an extravaganza of fabulous food and drink that will once again be awash with culinary wizardry from the region’s top producers and chefs. Taking place at the end of British Food Fortnight, the magical setting and convenient location within an ancient deer park beside the Exe estuary make Powderham – the family home of the Earl and Countess of Devon, and one of Devon’s oldest family homes – the perfect venue for an autumn day out for all ages. Among the amazing local producers to watch out for at Powderham Food Festival this year will be foodie champs Riverford, Veg in a Box, 42 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
Chunk of Devon, Fancy-That Caribbean street food, Pig & Pallet, Two Coast Country, Soviet Kitchen, Bell & Loxton and Hunters Brewery. Fancy yourself as a tough guy/gal? Know your nagas from your New Mex XX, your Poblanos from your Pasillas? Then you’ll not want to miss out on the ever-popular Great Devon Chilli Challenge, which, as part of the sizzling line-up for the Theatre of Smoke & Fire, pits devoted chilli fans against each other with a rising scale of fiery peppers. And don’t forget to peep into the Victorian kitchen to learn about historical production and use of salt, making harvest loaves, old tea traditions at the Castle, fruit vinegars and food fermentation.
YES, CHEF!
For the second year running, the cookery demo tent will be sponsored by Exeter Cookery School, an exciting new venue just launched on Exeter Quayside, whose Jim Fisher will join
Attractions at this year’s Powderham Food Festival will include cooking demonstrations from the Royal Marines (below) and top BBQ chefs (far right)
P O W D E R H A M F O O D F E S T I VA L
FOOD
WIN TICKETS WITH EXETER LIVING Exeter Living is delighted to offer our readers the chance to win a family weekend ticket to Powderham Food Festival 2016. All you have to do is answer the following question: In which year did Powderham Food Festival first launch? a) 2011 b) 2012 c) 2013 Please email your answers to info@mediaclash. co.uk by Friday 23 September. Subject heading: Powderham A family weekend ticket admits 2 adults and up to 3 children. No cash alternative is available.
TOP 5 THINGS TO DO AT POWDERHAM FOOD FESTIVAL 2016
1 2 3
Sample treats from one of the many delicious street food stalls Let the kids get messy in Fun Kitchen
Head on over to the Theatre of Fire ’n’ Smoke for top BBQ chefs and a spicy chilli challenge!
4
Get inspired to cook delicious dishes in Exeter Cookery School marquee
5
Step back in time in Powderham Castle’s Victorian Kitchen
other talented chefs such as Tim Maddams, who rose to fame following his role as part of the the River Cottage team for Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall’s hugely popular TV series; Richard Hunt of the Devon Scone Company; Richard Valder of @Angela’s in Exeter’s West Quarter; ex-food magazine editor and writer for Crumbs Devon Orlando Murrin; and Peter Gorton, formerly of The Horn of Plenty in Tavistock. Look out too for an exciting line-up of specialist BBQ chefs who will be barbecuing, smoking and broiling meat, fish and River Exe mussels from the Powderham Estate, including Marcus Bawdon of BBQ enthusiasts website Country Woodsmoke; Simon Dyer, a Somerset farm owner and winner of ITV’s BBQ Champ
2015; and farmer and charcutier John Gower. Oh, and ever wondered what the Royal Marines eat? Find out from Sergeant Mike Beaton, who will be showing visitors just how the Royal Marines cook and eat on the move from the Royal Marines field kitchen. And Fun Kitchen is back again to encourage children to create food from scratch.
NEW FOR 2016
It’s not just about stuffing yourself to the gills, of course. New for Powderham Food Festival 2016 will be a special ‘Eat Well, Live Well’ focus, with vegetable experts from Riverford promoting healthy eating and natural produce, and health experts advising on how to cut down on sugar and salt without losing the flavour of your food. Another fantastic innovation this year is a series of woodcraft sessions, teaching the younger generation traditional skills ranging from charcoal-making to wood-carving, and from building a shelter to cooking over the camp fire. Exeter Living is a media partner for Powderham Food Festival which takes place at Powderham Castle from 1-2 October; powderhamfoodfestival.com
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EAT. DRINK. TOGETHER.
M OUL ES ET F R I T ES FOR 2 PLU S A BOT T L E OF W I NE ONLY £ 2 5 * The Point Bar & Grill, Pilot Wharf, 14 Pierhead, Exmouth, Devon 1XA t: 01395 227145 | e: [email protected] | b ThePointbg
www.thepointbarandgrill.com T&Cs apply: Monday-Thursday until 31st October. Booking only. Subject to availability.
46 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
R E S TA U R A N T
FOOD
The Pig & Pallet This charcuterie-deli-restaurant on Topsham Quay is all about top quality fare served with compassion, in cool, laid-back surroundings, writes FRAN MCELHONE
‘‘A
nimal welfare is important for two reasons,” Steve Williams, who co-owns the Pig & Pallet with Pete Woodham-Kay, tells us. “If we’re going to eat animals then we need to do right by them; for example, our pigs – we use every single part of them. And,” he adds, “animals that have been treated well taste better, too.” When Steve and Pete created the business, plotted on Topsham’s picturesque quayside, three years ago, it was a butchers. For about a year now, it’s been a restaurant, too. They make virtually everything themselves, from pastrami and dry-cured bacon to frankfurters, using pork from their own pigs, as well as those owned by two nearby farmers. And they get their beef from the Darts Farm herd a mile up the road. They even used to catch their own game, but now that they don’t, they still know exactly where all the meat they prepare and serve has come from. These high ethical standards are right at the core of what Steve and Pete do. So, too, is delivering high quality and delicious food. You pay a couple of quid more than some other burger restaurants, they admit, but all this is why, and it is totally worth it. Their space is cosy and warming, with a rustic, woody interior that has trestle tables and tables made out of recycled pallets. There’s also a big bag of toys and games for kids – and big kids (thoughtful touch). And you can gaze at the sun sinking into the estuary through the window while you wait. There’s also a bookshelf labelled ‘Read and be filled with meat knowledge’, and definitely go to the loo while you’re there – one of the coolest ever! The Pig & Pallet take their booze pretty seriously too: all around us, friends were sharing bottles of wine. There’s also an extensive choice of beers and ciders, which is definitely pretty unique, and welcome, for such a foodie place. The rundown of cask or draught beers even details the number of miles covered from brewer to server – another extremely thoughtful touch. The whole menu is inviting. The starter line-up offers things like tomato and bresaola (air-dried and salted meat from the leg muscle of a cow, or deer) salad, paté, rillettes or terrine and smoked pork ribs, as well as nibbly things.
EVERYONE LOOKED HAPPY (ESPECIALLY THE MAN WITH THE SMOKED PORK RIBS)
We went for the sharing meat platter to start, which included pancetta, bresaola, rabbit pepperami sausage, chorizo, a pork terrine, and a scotch chorizo egg with toasted bread and a scattering of mini pickled veg. It was delicious. This board really shows off the butchery side of what they do here, and every bite was savoured. Their burger roll call includes a wild Dartmoor venison burger, served with their dry-cured bacon, a smoked mutton burger, and a herbivore option (smoked halloumi and portobello mushroom). Mains include a smoked barbecue meat platter, smoked frankfurter, smoked pork ribs with pulled pork –seriously, wow, I could not believe my eyes when they brought this out for a guy on the next table – mac and cheese with chorizo and bacon (or without, if you’re veggie) and ham, egg and chips. And the evening we visited, the specials included a falafel burger, and chargrilled tomahawk steak served with celeriac and mustard remoulade, as well as a few other delicious-sounding trimmings. Keeping it real, their burgers contain only meat, salt and pepper. So with this in mind, I went for an unadulterated one and pimped it up with some Swiss cheese. Mr McElhone, meanwhile, went for the pulled pork (smoked for 11 hours, no less) sandwich. Both came with homemade slaw and a mound of crispy fries. “These are so good, I could come here just for them,” said Mr M. Our meals were, quite simply, all you could wish for when going out for a burger: excellent quality, natural, wholesome, tasty with crunchy, not too mayonnaisey slaw, and those fries. It couldn’t have been any better. But there’s another thing that I just loved (in addition to the waitress – she was so fab) and it’s got nothing to do with ethics or quality. As soon as our meals arrived, a roll of kitchen roll was plonked on the table, too. No need to re-use a sticky napkin, steal your other half’s while they’re not looking, or get up and search for more in the middle of your grub. No – napkins on tap, just the way they should be. We visited mid-week, and every table in the house was taken when we walked in – and when we walked out. And everyone looked happy (especially the man with the ribs!). This is standard – it’s best to book. Seems like there are a fair few people on board with Steve and Pete’s ethos of high ethics and high quality – and who love a good bit of kitchen roll – which is heartening to see. So we departed, not before using the cool loo, wishing that all restaurateurs and publicans who don’t share the Pig and Pallet’s core values would pay this place a visit. Because they could learn a thing or two, for sure.
DINING DETAILS The Pig & Pallet, The Quay, The Strand, Topsham EX3 0JB; facebook.com/pigandpallet; 01392 668129 Prices Starters from £3, mains from £7.50, puds from £3 Vegetarian choice Loads Disabled access Good – alert them and they’ll get the ramp ready for your arrival Wine list Being updated as we type; everything available by the glass; plenty of local beers, too Service/atmosphere Relaxed, friendly, happy
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Gastro Pub & Speakeasy Cocktail Bar
Christmas Menu 2016 ÂŁ25 per head TO START... Seasonal soup of the day, bread (v can be gf) Game rillette, red onion marmalade, toast (can be gf) House peppered smoked salmon, lemon, dill & caper dressing (gf) Warm salad of artichoke heart, caramelised shallots, pumpkin seed praline, salsa verde dressing (ve & gf) THE BIT IN THE MIDDLE... Turkey Ballotine: pan roasted turkey breast with a forcemeat stuffing wrapped in streaky bacon served with roast potatoes, rich gravy (can be gf) Baked turbot with a lemon & thyme butter, shellfish boulangere and courgette ribbons (gf) Confit duck leg, creamy mash potato and a blackberry sauce (gf) Roasted squash and celeriac filo wellington, Charlotte hassleback potatoes, fire roasted pepper sauce (ve) All served with seasonal vegetables (gf& can be ve) TO FINISH... Christmas sticky toffee pudding, brandy cream, festive spice Chocolate & Raspberry pot with shortbread (gf) Avocado lime cheesecake, candied citrus (ve) Savoury plate - Blue cheese, brie, toasts, marmalade (gf available) All of our food is produced and cooked at The Oddfellows. (gf = gluten free, ve = vegan, v=vegetarian)
Christmas bookings now being taken!
High Street | Exmouth | EX8 1NP Tel: 01395 27 70 30 [email protected] 60 New North Road | Exeter Devon | EX4 4EP Tel: 01392 20 90 50 [email protected]
www.theoddfellowsbar.co.uk
The Lamb Inn Sandford Crediton
Superb food and luxury rooms in a real pub THE TIMES 2016 ‘BRITAIN’S 30 BEST SUMMER PUBS’ Live music events in September and October. Please ring for details.
01363 773676 [email protected] www.thelambinnsandford.co.uk
it’s christmas time . . . in about three months, and your works Christmas do won’t book itself. Get ready to party the night away at the region’s best restaurants, pubs and hotels By PA M E L A DU K E
Woodbury Park Hotel & Golf Club all dressed up in its Christmas finery
CHRISTMAS PA R T I E S Tipi or not tipi? (Tipi, obviously)
Fa-la-la-la-la the night away at Lloyds Kitchen
NOW BOOKING Bickleigh Mill Bickleigh, Tiverton; bickleighmill.com L’Estuaire The Quay, Topsham; lestuaire.co.uk Lamb Inn Sandford, Crediton; lambinnsandford.co.uk Lloyds Kitchen 16 Catherine St, Exeter; lloydskitchen.co.uk Oddfellows 60 New North Rd, Exeter & High St, Exmouth; theoddfellowsbar.co.uk Phoenix 25 Fore St, Chudleigh; phoenixchudleigh.co.uk Pizza Stein 10 Quay Hill; pizzastein.co.uk Salutation Inn 68 Fore St, Topsham; salutationtopsham.co.uk Sidmouth Harbour Hotel Manor Rd, Sidmouth; sidmouth-harbour-hotel.co.uk Tipi Christmas Parties 01647 440878; [email protected] Urban Burger 44 Queen St, Exeter; urbanburger.co.uk Woodbury Park Hotel & Golf Club Woodbury Castle, nr Exeter; woodburypark.co.uk
A
h yes, the Christmas party – as much a part of the festive season as the John Lewis advert, eggnog and Clive from HR doing the Single Ladies routine. Yes, it’s somewhat grotesque to be thinking about Christmas before summer’s even officially out, but this is the optimal time to get that works party in the diary. Imagine how smug you’ll feel as December approaches, with everyone else leaving it too late and having to order takeout. As always, the many restaurants, gastropubs and hotels of Exeter and surrounding area are offering an embarrassment of merry riches. Take Woodbury Park, hosting various joint party nights, with party menus from £19.95 per person – or you and your team can have the place to yourselves. Expect full-on festive glitz, music and cocktails. There’s plenty of Christmas party scope at Salutation Inn, too, where groups of 8-35 can choose from the Assembly Room or Glass House, both enchanting spaces. Army of you? Call them and they’ll sort you out. Still in Topsham, but down the road at chic French restaurant L’Estuaire, we can’t wait to sample Noël á la français. Slightly less formal, both the Exeter and Exmouth branches of glorious gastropub The
Sparkle, sizzle and slick mixology at Urban Burger
Oddfellows have a Christmas menu (£25 for three courses) which, as well as trad fare, offers alternatives such as baked turbot and avocado lime cheesecake. City centre celebrations can also be had at the reliable Lloyds Kitchen, ideally placed, and fully primed, for all manner of corporate events, as Exeter Living has discovered on many occasions. Do your co-workers prefer street food? Then they’ll appreciate Urban Burger’s offering this December, where Christmas specials join the usual faves on the main menu. Large parties (up to 25 for a sit-down meal) are welcome, and you can book your own, decorated private room then continue the party downstairs, in your own reserved area of the Urban Underground bar. Preparing for a busy first Christmas, Pizza Stein, meanwhile, will stun your pizza lovers with its pure, simple, delicious wood-fired Naples pizza and excellent choice of beer. Out in the countryside, Bickleigh Mill near Tivvy, The Phoenix in Chudleigh and The Lamb Inn at Sandford are also now taking bookings for Christmas, as is the Upper Deck Restaurant at the splendid Sidmouth Harbour Hotel (look out for a full review in our next issue). Last but not least, if you fancy something completely different, do take a peek at Exeterbased Tipi Christmas Parties. With live entertainment, food, drink, roaring fire and silent disco inside a giant, lantern-lit tipi, they promise lashings of what the Swedish call hygge. All sorted? Now all you have to do is buy a new outfit and book the taxis. . . www.mediaclash.co.uk I EXETER LIVING I 51
s e i t r a P s a Christm
Reach the best in the west Affluent, active and influential and just a call away For colleagues, family and friends, book tables for 10 to 200 guests.
*Festive Feasting* *Christmas Cocktails* *Licensed Pay Bar* *Entertainment* *Silent Disco* *Music* *Dancing* *Santa Selfie Sleigh* Email: [email protected]. Call: 01647 440878. For info, menus, prices & bookings please visit:
Facebook - TIPI CHRISTMAS PARTIES EXETER Exeter Cricket Ground, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter EX4 4PR
Paula Miller 07563 529772
FABULOUS NEW STOCK
NEW CTION COLLE ! NOW IN
Large selection of HB loafers and court shoes. Lisa Kay occasion shoes and boots. La Ross and Franco Russo handmade Italian evening and day boots. Van Dal. Cefalu colourful Spanish shoes and much much more.
Sizes 2 (35) to 8 (41) available and various fittings SALE u
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Elisa Cavaletti | Myrine | Charli | Sandwich | Part Two Inwear | Jonny Q Jeans | NYD Jeans | Unisa Shoes | Lupo bags Wedding Hats | Accessories | Cara Footwear
Tel: 01392 213111 Exiv Boutique, 2 Upper Paul Street, Gandy Street, Exeter, EX4 3NB
Fashion/gifts/stores/more
LIFE’S RICH TAPESTRY Seen on the catwalk at AW16 shows for Miu Miu, Chloé and Gucci, tapestry is set to be big news as the days grow shorter. Fans of designer Caroline Charles, whose Exeter store is one of only six nationally, have been onto it for aeons, however, the technique being a favourite for the understatedly elegant brand. This new season tapestry coat (there’s a jacket and dress in the same fabric, too) offers a very chic, very high-end take on boho. Stick your arms in your sleeves though, love, that wind can really whistle round Princesshay. . .
Tapestry coat, £795, Caroline Charles, Roman Walk, Princesshay, Exeter; www.carolinecharles.co.uk
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Casa Magnolia CHAGFORD
Exciting New Collections for Autumn including: Come and Browse our new Showroom!
OSKA SANDWICH SAHARA MCVERDI QUERNSTONE CUT LOOSE YACCO MARICARD Plus LILY&ME g or geous GINGER TOBY accessorie ROBELL s! CAPRI WARM&CO CASHMERE
38 The Square, Chagford, Devon, TQ13 8AB 01647 433905 / [email protected] ITS ALL ON OUR WEBSITE:
WWW.CASAMAGNOLIA.CO.UK
Open Monday to Friday 9am-5pm Saturday 9am-4.30pm
Find us opposite
DARTS FARM
Come visit us at: 5 Topsham Units, Dart Business Park, EX3 0QH T: 01392 873085 E: [email protected]
www.dusklights.co.uk
4. LIGHTBULB MOMENT
5. BIT ON THE SIDE
‘Claremont’ bag in teal, £120 Europe in total harmony – in accessory form, anyway. Italian, French and English leather combine in this seductive little satchel From Rare Pear, Topsham; rarepear.co.uk
‘From Topsham With Love’ giclee print, £20 (mounted)/£40 (framed) From a watercolour by Topsham artist and keen beachcomber Willow From Willow Paterson; willowpaterson.co.uk
New York-London-ParisTopsham mug, £9.50 Who’s up for a Topsham Fashion Week, then? From Lark, 48 Fore Street, Topsham; larktopsham. myshopify.com
Jefferson cloche table lamp, £160 (reduced from £192) Because we know how much you love that whole mid-century, industrialminimalist thing From Dusk Lighting, 5 Topsham Units, Dart Business Park, Exeter; dusklights.co.uk
‘Jaipur’ sideboard, £649 There’s a touch of the subcontinent about this handsome piece – it’s got wheels, too, if you can’t be parted from it. . . From Casa, The Old Gaol, Strand, Topsham; casa-furniture.co.uk
58 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
ED’S CHOICE 6
7. COME SHINE WITH ME
8. MAKING THE CUT
9. BEAK LIKE ME
10. CASE STUDY
Sorrento ‘Molini’ tile, £8.83 each Monochrome, trompe l’oeil geometry, hardy enough for wet rooms From Fired Earth, Darts Farm, Topsham; firedearth.com
‘Stargazer’ necklace, £58 for silver, £65 for gold vermeil finish Topsham jeweller Tory has struck gold with this simple charm on a long chain From By Tory; bytoryjewellery.com
Topsham papercut, £24 (unframed) A labour of love from the ace papercut shop – they do amazing cards, prints etc too From Rhombus & Pineapple, 6-7 Fore Street, Topsham; rhombusandpineapple.net
Herons apron, £20 Topsham designer Karen Walshe’s fabric goods celebrate the local birdlife – avocets and oystercatchers also available! From Panorama, 66 Fore St, Topsham; karenwalshe.co.uk
Tipplesworth Bramble cocktail case, £230 How dapper is this? Make Bramble cocktails on-the-go, from a retro suitcase. Ding dong! From Darts Farm, Topsham; dartsfarm.co.uk
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WOOL on the EXE A new community craft hub in St Thomas is bringing city residents together to create beautiful things – and beautiful friendships. ANNA BRITTEN finds out more Photo s by E M M A SOL L E Y
‘‘O
ne of my earliest memories is blanketing the hallway with a roll of paper and making fantastical scenes with cotton balls, fabric, yarn and paint,” recalls Americanborn Debbie Judd of Wool on the Exe. “As I grew older, sewing was my first love – fashioning new clothing from old jeans in the 70s! Then came quilting, and English hand smocking – my best friend had a little girl and I went a bit over the top with Southern-style dresses. In between, there was always knitting, but not a serious focus until I came to the UK nine years ago and joined a local knitting group.” Wool on the Exe grew from two community initiatives, Neighbourworks and The Knit-Stop. After a few false starts with potential spaces, Debbie and business partner Mary Ann Jennings – they also have a crack board of directors – found their current spot in St Thomas and named the shop after its glorious view of the river. They stock a wide range of luxury British yarns, as well as running a packed schedule of workshops and drop-in sessions. From the autumn, they will be running a teen crafting group for 13 to 16 year-olds. 60 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
Craft is undeniably fashionable at the moment – why do the pair think that is, and will it last? “Being creative is one of the best serotonin boosters I know!” says Debbie. “Seriously, our world is manic; craft is an antidote to our craziness. We all need places that nourish our creative spirit and where we can meet other people and share our stories.” Adds Mary Ann: “Craft groups such as Wool on the Exe’s two regular drop-in sessions serve an important function in that they bring together people who share a common interest who might otherwise never meet. It’s why we think of ourselves as a community fibre arts space, not just a shop. “The rhythm of spinning, weaving, knitting and crochet is very soothing, with your focus being on the look and feel of your creation. If you’re working with a wonderful, pure wool yarn there’s the scent of the wool as well, so crafting can involve several of the senses, making it more of a holistic experience.” What are your bestselling items? “Believe it or not, our greatest selling item in revenue, since we opened on 31 May, is our membership scheme,” says Debbie. “People want to belong to our tribe. After that, it’s Fyberspates Gleem Lace
You’ll find not only beautiful yarns and handmade items, but also, most days, a friendly drop-in session in full flow Below: Mary Ann Jennings
SPECIAL SHOPS
BEING CREATIVE IS ONE OF THE BEST SEROTONIN,
BOOSTERS I KNOW
yarn – it’s absolutely gorgeous.” And the most rewarding part of the whole experience? For Debbie it’s “when people come in and share what they’ve made, or when strangers take a seat at our table and find a common bond, or when someone shares a story about how our little shop has changed them for the better. I love all these things the most.” Mary Ann adds: “Without a doubt, our biggest reward is all the wonderful people we’ve met through Wool on the Exe. Everyone who has visited us has been very welcoming, from customers to neighbouring businesses.” And as to the future? It’s fair to say it looks brighter than a reel of neon knicker elastic. “We’ve just been awarded a Big Lottery Fund grant to support our outreach work in Exeter,” says Mary Ann. “We plan to start more KnitStop groups in other areas, as well as begin a programme at the RD&E for patients and staff. We aim to take advantage of opportunities to connect with the community. For example, we are about to announce a project with Theatre Alibi that will involved a lot of knitted and crocheted fish – that will hopefully increase awareness and support for Knit for Peace (knitforpeace.org) and create opportunities for people to take part in something bigger than themselves.” Wool on the Exe, 2 Okehampton St, Exeter EX4 1DW; 01392 669015; woolontheexe.com
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Xxxxxx
New term? No stress Recent school leaver Rosie Hurley has some back-to-school advice for parents
64 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
E D U C AT I O N SPECIAL
YOUR CHILD MAY ACTUALLY – SHOCK, HORROR! – BE LOOKING
FORWARD TO GOING BACK TO SCHOOL
T
ype ‘back to school tips’ into Google and the advice you’ll find will, more often than not, will be written by adults and aimed at parents. Of course, there’s nothing wrong with this — mums and dads need to be supported as the school year rolls around again — but perhaps amidst the jitters and pre-term butterflies, a perspective from the kids would be useful. Often the bubbling apprehension is palpable in shops like Clark’s and WH Smith as the new school term grows ever closer. As pencil cases and folders fly off the shelves, sometimes this nervous anticipation can emanate more from the parents than their children. Take uniform shopping. ‘Back to school’ has long been a commercial buzzword, with all the major supermarkets and department stores cashing in on the need for pleated skirts which iron themselves and trousers resistant to all manner of weird stains. Shoe shopping can be the most stressful of all uniform hunting expeditions. Of course, the school regulations must be adhered to, but when Clark’s is filled with parent-child teams all looking for the same sensible, plain black shoes which are often not, let’s be honest, the most fashionable of footwear, fuses shorten and wills are tested. I remember one particular late-August, trudging around to all of the shoe shops in town because of my peculiarly high arch. No shoes would fit, and no shoes would do for me, being a fussy pre-teen. Although shoes were bought in the end, it was not an experience either of us wished to repeat anytime soon! To despairing parents: accept your child’s fussiness. Letting your child have some free rein with their choices early on will lead to more give and take in that area later. For some, the new school year means hitting the ground running if there are big exams coming up. For me, as for many, my last year of school, and
the last year of the dreaded A-levels, was a stressful time. Although, as parents, you may be worried about your child’s final year at school, and about what lies ahead, try not to put too much pressure on them. They may be putting just as much on themselves, especially if they’re dealing with the behemoth that is UCAS. High expectations, though well-meaning, may turn into second-hand stress and do more harm than good. My final year was also defined by an ‘end of an era’ feeling. Keep in mind that the year will pass in the blink of an eye – encouraging your child to enjoy as much of it as they can is so important. Finally, do consider the fact your child may – shock, horror! – actually be looking forward to going back to school. Though this may be hard to believe, the long summer holidays are a little too long (I’m sure you don’t need me to tell you that) and, though they may not admit it, your child can’t wait to see all their friends again. Getting stuck into a new year is a great thing, so let them go crazy with the new pencil case and rainbow highlighter set — after all, when will the month of September ever hold this much w significance again?
Clockwise from above: pupils at Queens College Taunton gear up for the autumn term; making new friends at Exeter School; Maynard girls celebrate this year’s A-level results
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E D U C AT I O N SPECIAL YEAR 6 PARENT? YOU’RE GOING TO NEED THIS. . . OPEN DAY ROUND-UP STATE SCHOOLS CO LY T O N GRAM MA R
Whitwell Lane, Colyford, Colyton, Devon EX24 6HN 01297 552327; colytongrammar.devon.sch.uk Open morning: Tue 6 September, 10am until approx 11.30am Please call to confirm attendance or email [email protected] Deadline for test registration: Weds 7 September Selection test: Sat 17 September 2016 C LY S T VAL E C O MMUNIT Y CO LLEG E
Station Road, Broadclyst, Exeter EX5 3AJ 01392 463936; clystvale.org Open Evening: Tue 13 Sept, 6pm T H E KI N G ’ S S C H O O L
Cadhay Lane, Ottery St Mary EX11 1RA 01404 812982; thekings.devon.sch.uk Open Evening: Thurs 22 September Open Day: Fri 23 September Phone to reserve a place S T P E T E R’ S
Quarry Lane, Heavitree, Exeter EX2 5AP 01392 204764; spexe.org Open Day: Tue 20 September Q UE E N E L I Z AB E T H ’ S
Western Road Campus, Crediton EX17 3LU; 01363 773401 Barnfield Campus, Crediton EX17 3HX; 01363 775871 qe.devon.sch.uk Open Days: Mon 26-Tue 27 September, 10.30am-12noon and 1.30-3pm Open Evening: Tue 27 September, 6-8pm I S C A AC AD E M Y
Earl Richard’s Road South, Exeter EX2 6AP 01392 204082; iscaexeter.co.uk Open Mornings: Mon 3 – Fri 7 October, 9.30am Open Evening: Thur 29 September, 6.30pm S T LUKE S
Hart’s Lane, Exeter EX1 3RD 01392 204600; st-lukes.devon.sch.uk Open Day: Weds 21 September PRIVATE SCHOOLS B LUN D E L L S
Blundell’s School, Tiverton EX16 4DN 01884 252543; blundells.org Senior School Open Day: Sat 17 September, 9.45am Prep School Open day: Sat 17 September, 1.30pm Phone to reserve your place E XE T E R C AT H E DR A L SCH O O L
The Chantry Palace Gate, Exeter EX1 1HX
66 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
Best days of their lives? Queen Elizabeth’s students think so
01392 255298; exetercs.org Phone to arrange initial visit either with or without child(ren)
contact [email protected] or call 01823 340830 SHEBBEAR COLLEGE
EX ETER S CHOOL
Victoria Park Road, Exeter EX2 4NS 01392 258712; exeterschool.org.uk Autumn Open Evening: Wed 28 September, 6-8.30pm Junior School Open Afternoons: Weds 14 & Mon 17 October, Weds 9 November Junior School Taster Days for 7+ and 8+: Thurs 10 & Thurs 17 November Junior School Taster Day for 9+: Mon 21 November Senior School 11+ Familiarisation Morning: Sat 12 November Senior School 13+ Taster Day: Mon 14 November Sixth Form Taster Day: Weds 16 November
Shebbear, Beaworthy, Devon EX21 5HJ 01409 282000; shebbearcollege.co.uk Open Week: Mon 3 – Fri 7 October. Please call 01409 282001 or email registrar@ shebbearcollege.co.uk to make an appointment ST J OHNS INTERNATI ONAL
Broadway, Sidmouth EX10 8RG 01395 513984; stjohnsdevon.co.uk Phone or email admission.stjohns@iesmail. com to make an appointment ST P ETER’S SCHOOL
Harefield, Lympstone EX8 5AU; 01395 272148; stpetersprep.co.uk Open Day: Sat 8 October, 10am-1pm
K ING’S COLLEGE TAUNTON
ST WILF RID’S SCHOOL
South Road, Taunton TA1 3LA 01823 328204; kings-taunton.co.uk Open Day: Sat 1 October, 10am
25-29 St David’s Hill, Exeter EX4 4DA 01392 276171; stwilfrids.devon.sch.uk Please call to arrange a visit
K ING’S HALL TAUNTON
STOVER S CHOOL
Kingston Rd, Taunton TA2 8AA 01823 285921; kingshalltaunton.co.uk Open Day: Fri 30 September, 10am Phone to reserve a place
Stover, Newton Abbot TQ12 6QG 01626 354505; stover.co.uk Open Morning: Sat 1 October, 10am Please call to book your place
MAYNARD SCHOOL
TAUNTON SCHOOL
Denmark Road, Exeter EX1 1SJ; 01392 273417; maynard.co.uk Whole School Open Morning: Sat 24 September, 10am Sixth Form Open Evening: Thurs 10 November, 6pm Junior Discovery Morning: Sat 19 November, 10am
Staplegrove Rd, Taunton TA2 6AD 01823 703303 (ages 0-13), 01823 703700 (ages 13-18); tauntonschool.co.uk Nursery, pre-prep, prep and senior school open mornings (0-18 years): Sat 1 October, 9.30am-12.30pm 6th form open evening: Fri 30 September, 6.30-9pm IB information evening: Thurs 13 October, 6.30-8.30pm
MOUNT KELLY
Parkwood Road, Tavistock PL19 0HZ 01822 813100; mountkelly.com To arrange a visit, contact the admissions department on 01822 813193 or email [email protected]
Buckeridge Road, Teignmouth TQ14 8LY 01626 774138; trinityschool.co.uk Open Day: Sat 15 October
Q UEENS COLLEGE TAUNTON
WELLINGTON SCHOOL
Trull Road, Taunton, Somerset TA1 4QS 01823 272559; queenscollege.org.uk Junior School Open Morning: Fri 7 October (9.30am-12noon); Senior School Open Morning: Sat 8 October (9.30am-12noon). For further information,
South Street, Wellington TA21 8NT 01823 668800; wellington-school.org.uk Open Day: Sat 24 September, 9am-12noon Please confirm your place by contacting [email protected] or (for pre-prep) [email protected]
TRINITY SCHOOL
S C H O O L D AY S
Sarah Dunn – try not to sit by her in physics. . .
What attracted you to the job as head at Maynard? Having lived and taught in Devon for many years, you cannot fail to know about The Maynard School. Its ethos and educational philosophy is right on point for me. The Maynard allows the girls to be who they truly are in a relaxed, caring and fun environment yet, at the same time, encourages them to be very aspirational and reach for the stars.
IT MATTERS THAT STAFF FEEL VALUED AND INSPIRED
STARTER FOR TEN SARAH DUNN starts work as the new head teacher at Maynard School this month. But what was she like at school? Tell us about your own school days – were you a well-behaved student? I had the most wonderful childhood growing up in the Bahamas and attending a very progressive and caring international school. I was a reasonably well-behaved student but, as my father was the headmaster for most of my schooling, I had very little wriggle room! That said, I did manage to get a good, oldfashioned caning in Year 9 for accidentally electrocuting a classmate in physics! Favourite/least favourite subjects at school, and why? I have always had a leaning towards science since a little girl, and took maths, chemistry and biology at A-level. I never got the knack of languages. I can manage to order a meal in most places in Europe but then the conversation dwindles. What made you decide to be a teacher? Actually, I always intended to be a vet! Sadly, I missed my chemistry A grade by 2% and, in those days, retakes were not really an option. I went to Exeter University
to read biological sciences and my father persuaded me to do my extra year’s teaching qualification at Oxford University, “just in case”. However, once I started teaching I absolutely loved it. The irony is that two of my friends are vets and they constantly tell me how hard life is, especially at 2am when they have to go out in the dark, wet and cold! Tell us a little about your career before you joined Maynard... I started my teaching career at Torquay Boy’s Grammar School and had nine fabulous years there. One January morning, the deputy head came to my office, placed the TES and a £20 note on my desk and said: “I bet you £20 you can get that deputy headship at Plymouth College that has just come up!” I have now done 21 wonderful years at Plymouth College and guided it through some exciting transitions. But it was time for a new challenge and my dream job of leading The Maynard came up just at the right moment! How lucky am I?
How would you describe your education philosophy? I believe in allowing staff to be creative and innovative. The Maynard has bright, able students and it is important that they maintain a deep love of learning throughout their time at school, and beyond. This can only be achieved if the lessons and enrichment activities are consistently exciting and thought-provoking, and give enough independence and challenge to nurture this passion. It also matters that the staff feel equally as valued and inspired, as everyone should be given the right springboard to reach their full potential. What’s the most memorable excuse for missing homework you’ve ever heard? “My hamster made a nest out of my maths book!” And it turned out to be true, as her mother sent me a photo of ‘Ginger’ the Syrian hamster curled up amongst a set of quadratic equations. The girl had left the book on top of the cage overnight! If you could send your pupils forth with one bit of advice lodged in their hearts, what would it be? Be brave, be idealistic and don’t be afraid of a challenge. maynard.co.uk
For more features like this, visit: tom-brown.com
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‘Has all the elements to become a modern classic of the genre . . .’ Independent on Sunday
Game of Thrones withdrawal?
Shortliste d for the Gemmell Morningst ar award!
THE DEBUT NOVEL FROM LUCY HOUNSOM, AND FIRST INSTALMENT IN THE WORLDMAKER TRILOGY. A tale of heroism and lost powers, for fans of George R R Martin and Trudi Canavan
www.lucyhounsom.com
H E A LT H & B E A U T Y a d v e r t i s i n g f e at u r e
How much do you really know about Chiropractic? If you think chiropractic care is just about relieving back pain, you're missing the whole point!
W
e're here to introduce you to a much wider view of caring for your whole body and mind that's gentle yet highly effective.
How does the body know when it's sick? Your body is amazing! But when you're sick, it doesn't really feel that way. However, thanks to your central nervous system, your body knows when it's sick, and takes steps to heal itself. The spinal cord is an essential part of this process – it's your
body's information superhighway. Responsible for carrying important messages from each part of your body to the brain, this highway needs regular maintenance to avoid damage and obstruction. The spine is a flexible skull Your brain has the best protection of any organ in the body: the skull. But the spinal cord isn't so lucky. While the skull will never deteriorate, and is actually pretty difficult to damage, the spine is much more fragile. To start with, it has to support a 10lb head, as well as providing ease of movement, and protection to the spinal cord. It's just much easier to damage, and suffers from natural deterioration as you age. A damaged spine causes interruptions in the communication between your organs and your brain, which can lead to illness if left untreated. Fulfil your health potential with preventative care Here's where chiropractic comes into its own. By keeping the spine healthy, and paying attention
to lifestyle choices, you can go much further than simple pain relief. Proper care of your nervous system infrastructure can mean avoiding a huge range of health complaints altogether. Chiropractic doesn't use drugs or surgery to achieve this – instead we gently adjust your vertebrae, leading to greater ease of movement, feeling of wellbeing, and, we believe, improved immune functions.
If you like the sound of that, why not drop into our quayside Centre for a no-obligation chat. 45 The Quay, Exeter, Devon, EX2 4AN 01392 790499 [email protected] www.rockchiropractic.co.uk
Were you there?
SEEN!
AC ROS S E X E T ER , O N E S H I N D I G AT A T I M E
MIXING IT UP
Suzie Mountain, Rebecca Thomson and Lauren Heath
Exeter’s thriving PA Network – dedicated to supporting executive assistants, personal assistants, secretaries and administrators – held their latest meet-up at city centre coffee and wine bar Artigiano, where they partook in a fun DIY cocktail evening with pizzas and – of course – vital networking, on the table. Photos by Attention Media
Kirsty Richards, Rebecca Wood and Julia Iddon
Christopher Pearse, Lewis Bell and Sophie Bevan
Liz Harris, Lynn Gillard and Maria Martin
Matt Williamson, Georgie Hale and Polly Willis
Alison Lee, Susie Jones and Will Dunn
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SOCIETY
GAVEL GAZING Honiton auctioneers Whittons held an evening reception to launch their Fine Art and Antiques summer auction, and to welcome Hospiscare who now share their premises. A signed Exeter Chiefs shirt raised vital funds for the latter. Photos by Matt Round Edward, Maria and Archie Whitton with Richard Cousins and Helen Hutter
Jonathan Baker and Matthew Baker
Stephen Kocek and Caroline Kocek Paul Heath and Emma Matthews Clare Matthews, David Matthews and Angela Booth
Robert and Barbara Chalk
76 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
Sharon Roberts, Ian Hamilton and Emma Hamilton
Advertising feature family law
To arrange a meeting call The Family Law Co on 01392 421 777
Don’t put it off... by Imran Khodabocus of the family law company We often use the summer months as an opportunity to get round to doing those things we’ve put off or maybe just haven’t had time to do. As a family law solicitor, clients often tell me ‘I wish I had done this!’ so I’d like to highlight a few things, in the context of a relationship, that you might want to think about. Making and altering your Will It’s amazing how many people don’t like to think about their Will. If you die without having a Will, what you own at the time of your death (known as your ‘estate’) will be distributed in accordance with the law rather than in line with your wishes. This can mean that those you wanted to help will be left with nothing. For example, if you are not married or are in a civil partnership when you die, your partner is not legally entitled to anything. In the same way, if your circumstances change and you haven’t altered your Will, your estate could benefit someone you didn’t intend it to. It’s important to remember that even if you have separated from your spouse or civil partner, they still may end up inheriting from your estate. This may, for example, be at the expense of your children from a previous relationship.
Formalising a separation You may have been separated from your spouse or civil partner for some time and simply haven’t got round to formalising things. It’s important to realise the process doesn’t have to be unpleasant. Providing the other person agrees in writing, it is possible to get to get divorced or dissolve a civil partnership if you have been living separately for a period of two years. This could be the case even if you have been living under the same roof. You do not need the other person’s permission if you have been apart for five years. For some people, getting divorced or dissolving a civil partnership can actually mark the beginning of a new chapter in their lives.
Cohabitation agreement If you are not married or in a civil partnership, what should you be thinking about? Unmarried couples have no automatic legal rights to a share in assets such as a home – even if you have been paying the mortgage. Apart from getting married or entering a civil partnership, you can also consider preparing a cohabitation agreement. This is a legal document that can be enforced, rather like a contract. It sets out who owns what and how any assets will be divided should you separate. A cohabitation agreement is a very important thing not to put off. It needs to be carefully prepared and each of you must be given the chance to seek legal advice about it.
Finances Getting divorced or dissolving a civil partnership has a bearing on your finances. This is because it is one way of ‘unlocking’ the possibility of resolving your finances through a court order. When a couple has separated, they may have agreed between them how to divide anything they owned together. However, usually an informal agreement like this is not legally binding. Unless such an agreement is ‘converted’ into a court order, even you are divorced or your civil partnership has been dissolved, your ex could still apply to the court for something out of your estate.
Declaration of Trust If you are thinking of buying somewhere together and are putting more money towards your home than your partner, please do not ignore a Declaration of Trust. This is a legal document which acknowledges how much more you have contributed and provides that you should be compensated in the event that your home should be sold. So don’t put it off for another day, give The Family Law Co a call on 01392 421 777
www.thefamilylawco.co.uk
Shake-ups/launches/initiatives/awards
E X E T ER A N D E AS T D E VO N G E T TO WO R K
QUOTE OF THE ISSUE
“I LIKE A TRADITIONAL FOUNTAIN PEN FOR SIGNING DOCUMENTS”
Life on the road
STREET VIEW Fore Street’s summer dressing draws visitors into Exeter’s boho heart
A
s wonderfully eclectic and cool as it is, Fore Street/New Bridge Street’s location off the tourist track and on a steep gradient – meaning it’s literally below the sightline of High Street shoppers – has always posed a challenge for traders. This summer, however, Exeter Business Improvement District (BID) funding has paid for colourful bunting and hanging baskets to attract visitors – and it looks like it’s worked. The area stands apart from other quarters of the city, by dint of its wide range of independent shops selling everything from ethical fashion to musical instruments, creative businesses, and places to eat and drink from specialist coffee to Thai food – with a healthy injection of new arrivals in the past 12 months joining the more established names. The street’s decorations, framing the view of green fields and Haldon Forest in the distance, have been organised by Rivka Jacobs of Rivka Jacobs Millinery, with help from Hayley Maker of No Guts No Glory and Teresa of Teresa Green Shop, with the support of
Exeter BID. And it’s not just a summer initiative: the hanging baskets will remain until Christmas, when they will be replaced with festive lights. Says Exeter BID CEO Craig Bulley: “Fore Street and New Bridge Street are hidden gems in Exeter’s fantastic selection of areas to visit. We are delighted to support this quarter and help to highlight just how special it is.” Rivka Jacobs adds: “Fore Street is very creative. On this street you can choose from a huge range of fantastic, bespoke products. Where else in the city can you get hats, shoes, dresses, belts, a violin, jewellery and curtains beautifully made by hand, not to mention a picture framed and your hair cut? “There is also delicious homemade cake and food, fine vintage clothing, great cocktails. Visitors to our quarter have a lovely time. Fore Street is as unique as you are!” Twitter: @InExeter #InExeter Facebook: facebook.com/InExeter
Who just isn’t a Bic kinda guy? Find out on page 82. . .
5
THE BIG NUMBER
Number of seasons that Nuffield Health has been handling the bumps, bruises (and worse!) of Exeter Chiefs. . . Find out more on page 81
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BUSINESS INSIDER
FANTASTIC FOUR
New ‘Beach’ vases by Richard Glass for Teign Valley Glass
Our pick of the most exciting, intriguing or important local business stories right now Get those shoulders ready, people. . .
AWARDS RAMP UP
CLEAR THINKING
Exeter Living Awards 2017 planning continues apace with news of a new shoulder event: the Finalists’ Reception. The Awards will be held in the University of Exeter’s Great Hall on 6 April 2017. The value to finalists and sponsors is being extended via this new Reception. “We want to build on the wonderful success of the Awards this year by extending their reach,” explained event manager, Steph Dodd. “We know how much finalists enjoy the sense of anticipation of the great night and also how many business relationships were forged amongst them.
A recent £140,000 renovation at Teign Valley Glass has protected both the future and the past of the Bovey Tracey glassworks and studio gallery. The refurb came about when existing equipment reached the end of its working life, and new, cutting edge technology has resulted in a 47% reduction in site gas usage, as well as an increased workforce. The company, based on a historic pottery site on the premises of House of Marbles, was set up in 1981 with the aim of preserving Victorian glassmaking techniques. Today, it exports internationally and appears at trade fairs in New York and elsewhere.
“So we are creating this special additional event to bring together all our finalists and sponsors to congratulate them, and as a thank you.” The Exeter Living Awards Finalists’ Reception will be held in the city on 8 March (venue to be confirmed). First sponsors include Princesshay and Wilkinson Grant. For sponsorship enquiries, please contact [email protected] or to be involved on the night, it’s [email protected]. Full details are on the site exeterlivingawards.co.uk with updates on Twitter @ExeterLivingAwd
For more: teignvalleyglass.com
ESSENTIAL PROPS
Anna Pryce of Nuffield Health Exeter Hospital presents the new signed contract to Geoff Parling and Rob Baxter of Exeter Chiefs
One of the leading providers of healthcare in the region, Nuffield Health Exeter, is to continue its support of the Exeter Chiefs rugby team for the fifth consecutive season. As official Healthcare Partners, the Nuffield’s strong relationship with The Chiefs has granted the team access to the quality care in both treating and preventing injuries that can be caused by the physically demanding sport. Senior player Tom Johnson suffered from an achilles problem which was dealt with by the medics at The Nuffield in time for the beginning of pre-season training: “These days a lot of the treatment we receive is designed to prevent, as much as treat, injuries. The Nuffield has excellent equipment and facilities which enable the medics to assess any niggles we have quickly and accurately. That’s not only a benefit to us but also the coaching staff, because they can plan for who is likely to be fit or not well in advance of a game. “What happens on the field is very much related to what happens off the field and the Nuffield are key partners in that.” For more: nuffieldhealth.com
80 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
BUSINESS INSIDER
BLOOMING HECK!
Things are looking rosy at St Leonard’s Flowers
St Leonard’s Flowers in Exeter has just celebrated its one year anniversary as an independent florist. Located on Magdalen Road, the shop spent 30 years as a franchise of a well-known internet florist but, under the new ownership of Steven Fox, the shop now offers personal, bespoke designs using fresh flowers, many of them British and locally grown, in unique arrangements. Over the last 12 months, St Leonard’s Flowers has built a strong reputation within the area for high quality, hand-tied bouquets, wedding flowers and funeral arrangements and a reliable in-house delivery service. Corporate clients include Nuffield Health in Exeter, and St Leonard’s Flowers was even chosen to design and supply flowers for Elton’s John recent Westpoint concert. Says Steven Fox: “We are proud to be part of the trendy and independent Magdalen Road, as there is a real buzz and sense of community in the area.” For more: stleonardsflowers.co.uk
EXETER CHIEFS NEWS The Chiefs 7s team were pipped at the very last moment of the Singha 7s final in agonising fashion. With time up on the clock, Exeter University student Pete Laverick was adjudged to have put his foot over a blade of grass in touch as he ran in the all-important winning try. With just one regular first teamer in their squad, the young Chiefs had already defeated Northampton and Sale en route to the final, and the marginal call was all that separated them from Wasps on their home track. Although there was initial disappointment, Ricky Pellow and his charges could take great solace from a very spirited showing – and it certainly proved a boost to the whole squad as focus changed to 15-a-side rugby. The pre-season programme proper commenced with the visits of Scarlets and Ulster to Sandy Park. Two wins is just the return the Chiefs would have wanted from the opening salvo of the 2016/17 season, and two wins is just what the team achieved. Minus 14 internationalists from their respective summer tours, the men in black still managed to easily brush aside the Scarlets 45-3. A sterner challenge came the following week with our European Champions Cup opponents Ulster, but the end result was still a win; a couple of late tries added some respect to Ulster’s efforts as they were 25-9 down with less than ten minutes to play.
PHOTO BY PINNACLE PHOTO AGENCY
Chris Bentley brings you the latest from inside Sandy Park Moray Low packs down versus Scarlets
With the season proper kicking off away to Wasps, followed by two home games against last season’s Champions – Saracens (11 Sept) and Harlequins (17 Sept) – the Chiefs couldn’t have a harder start, so the confidence gained in the pre-season will be of the utmost importance as the guys strive to go one better this term! This season, I am delighted to see that a player who has known life at the old County Ground as well as the 10 years of Sandy Park
is to be rewarded a testimonial. As the first Exeter Chief of the modern generation to achieve England recognition, Tom Johnson will celebrate his 10th season as a Chief with a sequence of events in and around the city. Having already had a quiz night, there is still the Great Gatsby-themed dinner, golfing day and a very special extravaganza planned to take place at Exeter Cathedral. For more: exeterchiefs.co.uk / tjtestimonial.co.uk
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BUSINESS INSIDER
ONE TO WATCH
MATTHEW CLARK Managing director and chartered financial planner at Seabrook Clark What was your first-ever paid job? First job was as a market data analyst at Reuters (now Thomson Reuters), based in their Tiverton office. This was my first job after graduation from Exeter University where I read Italian and German. Tell us about Seabrook Clark, and your role in it. I founded Seabrook Clark in 2013 and have had the pleasure of growing the business from scratch, employing talented people and being the managing director. My vision with Seabrook Clark is simple – to create a wealth management business focused on business excellence, tailored to individual people’s needs, and underpinned with a friendly and enjoyable business relationship based on trust and service.
Matthew Clark: can plan your finances and tell you whether to get wed or not. . .
Who have been your biggest influences and role models? My school, The Perse in Cambridge gave me an excellent start in life, teaching me valuable lessons regarding the pursuit of excellence and a determination to succeed. My father has inspired me in business, too. He set up an estate agency business in Suffolk and expanded successfully as I grew up. With regard to investment, I admire Warren Buffett – he also has a strong philanthropic desire, which I like as my business is firmly grounded with strong ethical principles.
What are some of the oddest matters you’ve ever had to resolve at work? As part of our personal concierge service, we have had clients ask for advice about how to deal with bats, whether to get married and if we would offer a fully escorted holiday service. What are Exeter’s strengths as a place to work? Small, friendly city, good for networking with fellow professionals. Good communication links and easy commute to some of the most beautiful places in the country on our doorstep.
What’s the best bit of career advice you’ve ever been given? Find what you enjoy and what you’re good at, have a clear vision where you want to get to and never give up. What do you enjoy most about your work? Meeting a wide range of people from all walks of life and helping clients make sound financial decisions. Money is an ‘enabler’ and it gives me great satisfaction to help clients make the most of their money so they can focus on other areas of their life. I enjoy discussing and explaining the impact of world events on investment markets with clients, as well as making sense of complex tax and pension legislation. Talk us through your average weekday... I am normally awake at 6am and listen to the Today programme whilst reading the Financial Times over breakfast. I tend to plan my day at home before leaving for the office arriving around 8.30am,. The mornings are focused on client meetings, which normally take place in our office. I will either have a working lunch in the office if there are more meetings scheduled for the afternoon, or go out for lunch with solicitors or accountants for networking. Afternoons are used either for more client meetings or for catching up in the office, as well as discussing client files with my team. After my team 82 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
leave for the evening, I finish any outstanding issues and prepare for the following day. I aim to leave the office by 7.30pm for a run or gym session on the way home.
And its weaknesses, or things that could be better? Roll-out of broadband is a frustration for many businesses in Exeter and recruiting good financial advisers and paraplanners is difficult. Also, with continuing expansion, traffic in Exeter, especially around rush-hour, is becoming a problem.
WE HAVE HAD CLIENTS ASK FOR ADVICE ABOUT HOW TO DEAL WITH BATS
What’s the one item in your workplace you can’t live without (not including computer or phone)? My fountain pen – I like a traditional fountain pen for signing documents and clients appreciate such attention to detail. Moreover, I am told that it improves my handwriting. What’s the best bit of advice you could give a young person wondering what to do with their life? Surround yourself with positive people, seize every opportunity and don’t let anyone put you off your dreams or dent your ambitions. What’s your motto for life? ‘He who does things for others does things for himself’ (my old school motto). For more: seabrookclark.co.uk
Henry Rising, Senior Investment Manager
Beginning to feel as if your investments are no longer individually managed? Hawksmoor Offers YoU
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For further details: Please call Jill Gill on 01392 410180 Email: [email protected] Web: www.hawksmoorim.co.uk a @hawksmoorim Hawksmoor Investment Management Limited is authorised & regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority. Past performance is not a guide to future performance. The value of an investment and any income from it can fall as well as rise as a result of market and currency fluctuations. You may not get back the amount you originally invested. Registered Address: 2nd Floor Stratus House, Emperor Way, Exeter Business Park, Exeter EX1 3QS. Company Number 6307442.
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Streatham Rise, Exeter
A spacious Edwardian villa located in Exeter City. A 7 bedroom detached period property on this sought-after, private no-through road on the edge of the Exeter University campus. Double garage, expansive lawns and sun terrace. Within walking distance of the city centre, Exeter St David’s station and a beautiful, protected valley park. EPC: F
Guide price £1,000,000 KnightFrank.co.uk/EXE160025
To find out how we can help you please contact us edward.khodabandehloo@ knightfrank.com 01392 976178
@KFExeter KnightFrank.co.uk
New Instruction
EXCEPTIONAL PROPERTIES IN EXETER To find out how we can help you please contact us 19 Southernhay East Exeter, Devon EX1 1QD [email protected] 01392 976178
Guide price: £395,000 @KFExeter KnightFrank.co.uk
Pennsylvania, Exeter A very well situated and attractive 4 bedroom, detached property in a prominent position in this popular cul-de-sac. Garage, off street parking and charming rear garden. EPC:D.
New Instruction
Guide price: £695,000
Chudleigh, Devon Situated in this sought-after town on the edge of Dartmoor National Park is this unique spacious, period church conversion. 5 bedrooms, 2 reception rooms and kitchen/breakfast room. Enclosed private garden with lawn, terrace and ample off-street parking. EPC: F.
un O it nl re y m on ai e ni ng
East Devon
Exclusive development of only five units
including a farmhouse, cottage and 3 barn conversions set around a traditional courtyard.
The Granary | 4 bedrooms | UNDER OFFER The Farmhouse | 4 bedrooms | UNDER OFFER The Cottage | 2 bedrooms | UNDER OFFER
The Shippon | 2 bedrooms | 772 Sq Ft Stags Honiton Office [email protected] 01404 45885
V5 Exeter Living FP 180716.indd 1
Orchard Barn | 1 bedroom | UNDER OFFER Prices from £195,000 to £595,000
Savills Exeter [email protected] 01392 455 733
17/08/2016 12:29
THORVERTON OIRO £525,000
SIDFORD OIRO £300,000
A beautifully located and spacious village edge home surrounded by wonderful open countryside and superb rural views just a short walk to the village centre! Comfortable 5 bedroom accommodation with fantastic potential to improve or extend. A very rare opportunity. EPC=D. REF:DWE05057
A well located and rather handsome detached 3 bedroom 1930’s house of character and style in need of modernisation with enormous potential. Standing in a generous plot with good sized gardens and some sea “peeps” from the first floor. Includes double garage and timber single garage too! - Early inspection is advised to avoid disappointment. EPC=E REF:DWE05464
MORCHARD BISHOP GUIDE PRICE £399,995
BUDLEIGH SALTERTON GUIDE PRICE £750,000
A charming and beautifully presented Grade II Listed period house offering light and spacious accommodation situated in the heart of the village with a wonderful farmhouse style kitchen/diner and superb dining hall. Beautifully landscaped enclosed gardens and plenty of off road parking. REF:DWE05455
A modern split-level detached bungalow situated in a fine semirural location on the edge of Budleigh Salterton. The gardens and grounds of approximately one acre are particularly private as well as enjoying a fine south westerly sunny aspect. EPC=D. REF:DJB00376
01392 259395
www.whittonandlaing.com Sales / Lettings / Block Management / Chartered Surveying / Auctions
20 Queen Street, Exeter, EX4 3SN
Residential Sales, Lettings & Property Management
Blackhorse, Nr Clyst Honiton - Guide Price ÂŁ365,000 3/4 Bed - 1 Bath A superb opportunity to purchase this spacious detached family home situated on a generous corner plot with beautifully maintained gardens and superb views across the surrounding area. Offering versatile living space on the ground floor, the property has 3 Reception Rooms which provide the option of a fourth bedroom on the ground floor. The accommodation comprises Entrance Porch, Hallway, Living Room with bay window, separate Dining Room, family Bathroom, Conservatory and modern fitted Kitchen. To the first floor are three good sized Bedrooms, family Bathroom and a separate WC. There is gas central heating and double glazing throughout the property. In addition to the single garage is a driveway providing further off road parking for several vehicles. There is superb scope for extension to the side and rear of the house (subject to the necessary consents).
For more information please call: 01392 215283 or visit www.naomijryan.co.uk
Residential Sales, Lettings & Property Management
Heavitree - Guide Price £380,000 4 Bed – 2 Bath Presented in excellent decorative order throughout and located in a small cul-de-sac is this spacious 4 Bedroom semi detached family home. The property has been extended by the current owners to provide a superb kitchen/dining room which offers versatile living space. With gas central heating and double glazing throughout the accommodation comprises Entrance Hall, ground floor Cloakroom, Living Room with bay window, open plan modern fitted Kitchen/Dining Room, 3 first floor Bedrooms and family Bathroom. To the second floor is a spacious Master Bedroom with modern Ensuite Shower Room. Outside the property has a delightful decked seating area which leads on to the lawned area of garden which is well-maintained with well stocked borders. A garage is located immediately to the side of the house and a driveway immediately to the front of the house provides further off road parking. Early internal viewing is highly recommended of this beautiful family home.
Visit: 23 Southernhay West, Exeter EX1 1PR or email: [email protected]
Stand Out Service Sales, Letting & Property Management 01392 493113 | [email protected] | www.hometrust.co.uk
EXETER LIVES
Q&A
N
Answer to Where Am I? (page 11): The cliffs between Jacob’s Ladder and the Esplanade, Sidmouth
ame a famous chef and odds are you’ll pick one at whose elbow Tom here has learned his craft. The Exeter College graduate worked under Gordon Ramsay at Hospital Road and then at Petrus for Marcus Wareing. Returning to Devon, he worked under Michael Caines at Gidleigh Park before eventually becoming executive chef at ABode for three years. When his parents, veteran hoteliers, purchased the then-dilapidated The Salutation Inn on New Year’s Eve 2010, Tom was the obvious choice to put this fine spot on the foodie map. He’s also a powerboat world champion! Where do you call home and what makes it special? Topsham, The River Exe: the people and beautiful surroundings and the fact the water is on the doorstep. The seaside must be a fun place to work at this time of year… It’s great. Everyone is buzzing when the sun is shining. And the wonderful array of local fish that comes through the door is at its best at this time of year. What has been your proudest moment? I have many... Crossing the finish line second in class in a powerboat race around Britain in 2008, with my brother, in a boat we built; cooking for the Prime Minister with Michael Caines; winning a world championship in a Class 3b powerboat race in 2014; meeting Amelia [partner and The Salutation Inn’s hotel manager]; and, of course, opening the doors of The Salutation Inn. What’s the most embarrassing thing that’s ever happened to you? Drinking petrol thinking it was local cordial while out on the river, and ending up in hospital, is definitely up there. What’s your earliest childhood memory? Growing up in the grounds of The Imperial Hotel, Exeter, and the smell of my mum’s baking in the kitchen. If your nearest and dearest had to describe you, what would they say? Passionate, hard working, resilient and difficult – in a good way, of course.
TOM WILLIAMSHAWKES The head chef at The Salutation Inn in Topsham has too many proudest moments to choose from. . . When did you last cry? When I spent two hours in traffic last week in Marsh Barton. What issue, more than any other, makes you want to get up on a soapbox? Traffic lights. What’s your most treasured possession? My boats, my Union Internationale Motonautique (UIM) gold medal, and the kitchen, if that counts. Who would play you in a film about your life? George Clooney. Favourite places to eat, drink and shop in the area? Turf Locks and the River Exe Café are the best places to chill; El Olivo and The Galley for eating. I do like a cocktail on the rare nights we get out, so would head to The Bike Shed, and The Old Firehouse for late night pizza. If you had a time machine, which era would you return to and why? 1729 when The Salutation was built, to see the amazing job they did then.
98 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
Who was your last text from and what was it about? My dad, Ed, about wild River Exe salmon, saying they landed some fish on the last day of the season. Do you have any hidden interests? Scrabble. What’s your favourite indulgence? Eating and drinking out in London. When we get the chance to have time up there, we try and cram in as many places as possible. If you had a superpower, what would it be? I would have gills so I could swim underwater. We’d better let you get on… What are you doing right after this? Grating a lot of beetroot for cured wild River Exe salmon gravadlax.
salutationtopsham.co.uk
| bridge inn |
Which channel of water separates the two parts of Istanbul? | Exeter Living - issue 198 by MediaClash - issuu
Food/Arts/Entertainment/Shopping/Homes ISSUE 198 / SEPTEMBER 2016 / £3
ISSUE 198 / SEPTEMBER 2016 / TIP TOPSHAM
TOTALLY TOPSHAM AN
A TO Z OF THE BOOMING ESTUARY TOWN
BOOK YOUR XMAS PARTIES NOW (YEP, SORRY!)
POWDERHAM FOOD FESTIVAL
IT’S BACK TO SCHOOL TIME!
PIG & PALLET ART AND SOUL AT EXETER CONTEMPORARY OPEN
EDITOR’S LETTER / ISSUE 198 / SEPTEMBER 2016
18
ON TOPSHAM FORM An A-Z of one of the UK’s most sought-after spots
Down by the river You don’t need us to tell you how great Topsham is. You already know. As, indeed, do a great many others outside the region, judging by the number of people we’ve met who have made the move to the estuary town from other parts of the country. Quaint and cute Topsham may be, with its Dutch gabled houses, lapping waters and wildlife, but it’s no Toytown – creators of world-class cuisine, and a dynamic business and creative scene, including some of our very favourite independent shops and designer-makers, also call this place home. It’s hard to think of another UK city besides Exeter that has anything as great as Topsham administratively attached to it and so, in this issue, we pay gushing tribute across several pages. Where better to spend time as summer draws to a close? We’ll see you on the ferry to the Turf Locks. . . Anna Britten, Editor Follow us on Twitter: @ExeterLiving
Bang & Olufsen of Exeter 30/31 Gandy Street | EX4 3LS 01392 424600 | [email protected]
52 Southside St, The Barbican, Plymouth PL1 2LB | 01752 228 451 | www.samcoxbridalwear.co.uk
CONTENTS / ISSUE 198 / SEPTEMBER 2016 M EET T H E T EAM
NEWS
8 Spotlight
All hail the rock bands of Exeter! Plus Where Am I? et al
Managing editor Deri Robins [email protected] Senior art editor Andrew Richmond Graphic design Megan Allison Cover design Trevor Gilham Editor’s photo Emma Solley Contributors Fran McElhone, Roxanne Duris, Rosie Hurley, Pamela Duke, Chris Bentley
15 Lucy Hounsom
New pens, BHS skirts – our columnist misses that back to school buzz. . .
Advertising manager Joss Phillips [email protected] Account manager Paula Miller [email protected] Account manager Jason Coward [email protected] Commercial director Steve Hawkins [email protected]
MAIN FEATURES 18 Totally Topsham From ‘Arty’ to ‘Zummer’ – our take on Topsham’s best bits
64 New Term? No Stress! Schools special: tips for parents, plus all the essential Open Days
64
ARTS 29 Arts Intro Look who’s coming to Budleigh Lit Fest!
30 What’s On There’s rich pickings in and around the city for you culture vultures
SHOPPING
Why Exeter Contemporary Open 2016 must be in your calendar
We may just have found your new ‘going out’ coat. . .
FOOD & DRINK 42 Munch Time Everything you need to know about Powderham Food Festival
46 Restaurant Pulled pork and kitchen roll at The Pig & Pallet in Topsham
58 Ed’s Choice We splash out (see what we did there?) in Topsham’s shops
60 Special Shops St Thomas’s friendly ‘community fibre arts space’ Wool on the Exe
BUSINESS
50 It’s Christmas Time
79 Business Insider
OK, it’s not. Of course it’s not. But it will be. And you will thank us for making you book ahead
Fore Street, Nuffield Health and more good news from the commercial sector
82 One To Watch Seabrook Clark’s Matthew Clark
REGUL ARS 71 Tom Brown Sarah Dunn, new head of Maynard
75 Seen! Glam gatherings in Exeter and Honiton
98 Exeter Lives
Chef Tom from Topsham’s Salutation Inn
Production and distribution manager Sarah Kingston [email protected] Deputy production manager Christina West [email protected] Production designer Kirstie Howe [email protected] Chief executive Jane Ingham [email protected] Chief executive Greg Ingham [email protected] Exeter Living, MediaClash, Circus Mews House, Circus Mews, Bath BA1 2PW 01225 475800 www.mediaclash.co.uk @The MediaClash © All rights reserved. May not be reproduced without written permission of MediaClash.
About MediaClash We’re a Bath-based publisher, creative agency and event organiser Magazines Our portfolio of regional magazines celebrates the best of local living: Bath, Bristol, Cardiff, Exeter and Salisbury. We also publish foodie mag Crumbs. (www.crumbsmag.com, @CrumbsMag) and wedding title Vow (@VowMag). Agency From the design and build of websites to digital marketing and creating company magazines, we can help. Events We create, market, promote and operate a wide variety of events both for MediaClash and our clients Contact: [email protected]
On the cover Emma Solley took this gorgeous photo of Topsham: emmasolley.com
46
WHAT’S MAKING THE NEWS IN EXETER
The band weren’t happy when Hubbox ran out of chilli dogs
EVERYBODY’S TALKING ABOUT…
EXETER ROCK BANDS It’s not all about Muse and Coldplay… two other Exeter guitar bands have new albums out – and the critics have gone crazy It’s been a while since Exeter dispatched a new band to shake up the global pop/rock scene – and Messrs Chris Martin and Matt Bellamy and their gangs will always enjoy godfather status round these parts – but two younger combos from the city are enjoying a very busy September indeed. Exeter grunge-pop band Black Foxxes dropped debut album I’m Not Well (right) on Spinefarm/Universal on 19 August, whizzing to the top end of the iTunes rock charts and prompting a slew of rave reviews from the rock press. “One of the most exciting debut albums of the year,” quoth industry bible Music Week; while esteemed music website Drowned In Sound reached for a 10-out-of-10 score and these words: “This is rock music – pure and unfiltered, shameless and fresh as the driven snow and it’s f***ing glorious.” Following packed performances at this summer’s festivals, including Radio 1 Big Weekend, Download Festival and Reading & 8 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
Leeds, the three-piece of Mark Holley, Tris Jane and Ant Thornton will now be touring the US from New York to LA – including a festival appearance in Chicago and a set at
the famous Viper Room, West Hollywood. You can catch them at their homecoming gig at Exeter Cavern on 29 October. Which, coincidentally, is the very venue where another – longer-established – Exeter outfit, smart blues-rockers The Computers (above), played live for the first time. The band – whose highly-rated repertoire includes songs called Bring Me The Head Of A Hipster and Disco Sucks – release their third album Birth/Death (One Little Indian), recorded in Devon and promising a feast of “garage-soul, punk ’n’ roll” cuts, on 30 September. The five-piece of Al Kershaw (vocals), Aidan Sinclair (drums), Fred Ansell (keyboards), James Mattock (guitar) and Tom McMahon (bass) are promoting the album with a UK and European tour this autumn. No Exeter date, lads? Sort it out. blackfoxxes.com thisisthecomputers.com
SPOTLIGHT
Well, that’s us sorted – but what are you having?
Local folk share their photos This issue: Quickes Cheese instagram.com/quickescheese
PHOTO BY FAYDIT PHOTOGRAPHY
First concrete down for our new milking parlour
FESTIVAL Let’s get ready to rumble! Joe Vs. Cheese but who’s going to win? #quickesolympics
ONE FOR THE ROAD
Moove over Rooney! Our girls have this! #football
The team behind the Exeter Living Awardwinning Exeter Street Food are launching a new festival of drinks in Exeter on 24 September. The Cockt-Ale Festival will gather distillers and brewers from across the South West at Exeter’s Piazza Terracina for a free festival of cocktails and real ales, live entertainment, ‘street food village’ and food and drink pairing demonstrations courtesy of Exeter Cookery School, and shopping opportunities. Karen Skerratt, managing director of
the Hubb Group, the company behind Exeter Street Food and the Cockt-Ale Festival, said: “Our Cockt-Ale Festival aims to give a platform to local distillers and brewers who are rarely given this kind of exposure. We are blessed with some great independent businesses emerging from the South West which play a large part in our local economy, creating new jobs and encouraging innovation and collaboration in the sector.” streetfoodexeter.co.uk
ARTS
Table tennis – Quicke’s style! Fun in packing! #quickesolympics
The cows really weren’t impressed with our athletic abilities! #quickesolympics
In the first event of its kind, Exeter’s cultural venues are getting together to celebrate a new season of arts events across the city. Organisers and hosts the Bike Shed Theatre will be joined by Exeter Cathedral, The Cygnet Theatre, Devon Libraries, Exeter Northcott Theatre, Exeter Phoenix, RAMM and members of the public on 5 September, to officially announce their events taking place between September and December, from plays to exhibitions and family events. Highlights include A Pacifist’s Guide To The War On Cancer by renowned theatre company Complicité at Exeter Northcott Theatre; the exhibition Kurt Jackson: Revisiting Turner’s Tourism at
“Let’s be having you!”
RAMM and The Bike Shed’s Christmas show Beneath The Blizzard (pictured). Tickets are free but are subject to availability and must be booked in advance. bikeshedtheatre.co.uk
www.mediaclash.co.uk I EXETER LIVING I 9
SPOTLIGHT
Perfect nails are no barrier to craft
CRAFTS
MAKING IT BIG
Exeter will ring with the clack of crochet hooks and knitting needles from 22-25 September as the annual crafting fayre that is the Stitching, Sewing & Hobbycrafts show rolls into Westpoint Exeter again. Over 180 exhibitors will be showcasing their products and creations, with craft lovers ranging from complete beginners to seasoned experts invited to indulge their passion with other likeminded individuals and meet the experts. Highlights include the mammoth A Cardigan For Cardigan – a five-metre-wide piece of knitwear created over nine months by the people of Cardigan to celebrate the Welsh town’s 900-year heritage; and a touring exhibition of floral quilts by the Quilters’ Guild of the British Isles. A free programme of demonstrations, workshops and talks will also run during each day. ichfevents.co.uk.
SEVEN DEADLY SINS In our regular mini Q&A with visiting and local performers, Metta Theatre’s POPPY BURTON-MORGAN bares her wicked soul LUST: Who or what do you find yourself lusting after today? I’m not a circus performer myself so when I see our circus performers in Blown Away I do rather lust after their bodies, in an entirely non-sexual but rather I-wish-Iwas-that-strong/bendy way. GREED: What should you be cutting down on (non-food and drink!)? Our bookshelves are overflowing so I think we need to cut down on books or maybe introduce a one-in-one-out policy.
10 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
GLUTTONY: What one thing could you happily eat or drink until you burst? Chips. I just love chips. I’ll never be a circus performer with my love of chips, but hey ho. SLOTH: What should you be really putting your back into right now? When I’m rehearsing a new show I like to train alongside the performers – when it’s an opera I’ll sing with them, when it’s Shakespeare I’ll improvise speaking in iambic pentameter. So when we’re making a circus show, I try to join in the warm ups and learn some tricks. But it’s so hot at the moment, I’m not really pulling my weight. Oh, and I need to finish off all the knitting I’m doing for the show – all the puppets and props are knitted and I’ve got a backlog of icicles still to knit. WRATH: What/who makes you angry? People who dismiss family theatre or work for younger audiences as somehow less important/interesting/relevant/ ground-breaking.
PRIDE: What’s your proudest achievement? Keeping our company Metta Theatre afloat for over a decade – in such an economically unstable climate and with no regular funding.
ENVY: Who are you jealous of? My amazing performers. Fearless, beautiful and a wonder to watch.
Metta Theatre’s Blown Away, for ages 3+, is at Exeter Northcott from 3-4 September; 01392 726363; exeternorthcott.co.uk
Local laughmonger Jennifer Saunders
film
JEN PARTY Glamorous, ambitious and well-connected, Chagford Film Festival is back for another year – and this year a famous local face will be among those showing off their latest movies. None other than comedy A-lister and Chagford resident Jennifer Saunders is to introduce her recent project Absolutely Fabulous: The Movie and answer audience questions afterwards. Running from 26 September to 1 October, Chagford Film Festival offers a mix of films, events and workshops, presented by top industry professionals. Events this year include an animation day with special guests Aardman Animations, chocolate-making with star chocolatier Grant Mather, and the cute Sol Cinema, the country’s smallest solar-powered picturehouse. With a theme of ‘Las Vegas comes to Chagford’ running throughout the week, we reckon tickets will be hotter than the Nevada desert, sweetie. visitchagford.com chagfordfilmfestival.com
Where am i?
Test your knowledge of Exeter’s hidden corners... We don’t know who Captain Harry was, but someone loved him enough to do this. Where, though? We’ll tell you on page 98. . .
OPINION
LUCY HOUNSOM
ROLL UP, ROLL UP Shorten your skirt and decorate your homework book! Lucy hails the new school term
H
ave you noticed how often an Indian summer heralds the autumn term? Just as the schools reopen, the temperature soars, skies are almost painfully blue and you spend the entirety of maths class staring out the window, longing for an ice cream. As a kid, I generally found the start of a new school year exciting, at least until I was three weeks into it. A new year meant new uniform, new shoes and – particularly alluring for a literature geek such as myself – new stationery. Gel pens, fountain pens, rubbers that looked so smooth and delicious you could just eat them. . . I’ll stop. My situation was unusual in the fact that I attended theatre school. I’d have to buy new ballet shoes and leotards alongside the traditional school uniform. In winter, we wore tracksuits, but the summer meant sailor blouses and black pleated skirts. I’m sure I’m not the only one who recalls BHS as the ancestral home of said skirts. No matter how sneakily I slid a smaller size off the rail, Mum would see and make me exchange it for a larger. Like most of my female school friends, the aim of the game was to roll up our skirts as high as possible without getting told off. Since the skirts at BHS came halfway down my vertically-challenged legs, I had to do a lot of rolling. On reflection, it must have looked very silly indeed. But the height of cool meant short skirts and high heels, and the latter proved challenging when you bought your shoes from Clarks (do you remember those weird devices they used to measure kids’ feet)? Heels, however, were where Mum relented – perhaps because she’s short herself. I started a trend among the younger students, including my sister, who all wanted to follow in my blocky-heeled footsteps.
It’s funny how little changes when you move from school to work. Granted there’s more choice, but you still have to wear a uniform of sorts and arrive on time lest you provoke the boss’s ire. School is an excellent preparation for the 9 to 5 office job. Proving that no one really grows up, my parents used to run an events company and one of their more popular theme days was called ‘School Dinners.’ Grown adults from companies like Dell and Hitachi would arrive on a school bus, the women dressed like girls from St Trinian’s, the men in little boy shorts. They’d be high on fizzy pink champagne and ready to take part in the murder mystery game: Who Killed The Head? (That has to be every child’s secret wish.) There was even a naughty corner for adults who became too silly, water pistols at playtime, sausages and spotted dick for lunch and prizes for the top House. It resembled something from Carry On Teacher. What these clichés tell us is that people prefer to remember the best bits of school and that doesn’t always involve joking around; the autumn term meant new challenges, new lessons. It meant catching up with friends, swapping holiday stories and knuckling down to some serious work after the long, surprisingly aimless break. For me, there were rubbers to nibble*, shoes to show off, skirts to roll, and homework diaries to decorate obsessively with as many gel pen colours as possible (that’s one of mine, on the left). And when ennui inevitably began to set in, there was the fun of Halloween ahead. . . but that’s a story for another time. *No rubbers were eaten in the writing of this article.
NEW
PENS, RUBBERS THAT SO SMOOTH AND
LOOKED DELICIOUS
YOU COULD EAT THEM… I’LL
STOP
Lucy Hounsom is a fantasy fiction author and bookseller from Sidmouth. Her debut novel Starborn is out now on Pan Macmillan. Follow her on Twitter: @silvanhistorian
www.mediaclash.co.uk I EXETER LIVING I 15
BROWSE 3 FLOORS OF FURNITURE
TOTALLY TOPSHAM From art to yachts via Dick Pym and Vivien Leigh, ANNA BRITTEN celebrates this enchanting spot on the River Exe Photo s by E M M A SOL L E Y
18 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
TOPSHAM
FEW BETTER PLACES TO LIVE
W
hether you’re native enough to pronounce it ‘Topsum’, or a newcomer thrilled to have washed up in paradise, living in this ancient port south of Exeter means you’ve pretty much won the lifestyle lottery. Topsham crops up regularly in ‘best places to live in the UK’ polls, and for good reason. “Topsham remains as popular as ever,” says Joel Moore, manager of estate agent Wilkinson Grant in Topsham, main agent in the town for many years. “With its fantastic range of shops, popular restaurants and pubs as well as fascinating and beautiful historic buildings, there are few better places to live whilst having excellent access into Exeter, onto the M5 and Exeter Airport.” And while this does make Topsham pricey, you’d be wrong to think it’s beyond the reach of all but millionaires: “Topsham is definitely a property
bubble, with prices being very different to Exeter and surrounding towns. Prices can range from a retirement flat for £100,000 up to a Dutch house for £2million. In some streets, prices have risen by as much as 20% in the last few years, whereas other streets have seen very little change, depending on supply and demand. “Despite being known as an expensive area, there are a huge variety of houses in Topsham including ex-council houses and small apartments. There really is something for everyone, but unless you have a very large budget in order to live in the town, compromise is definitely a key word when it comes to choosing a property.” As well as being a great place to live, Topsham is also a sought-after place to do business. “The community has a lovely feel, people are warm and welcoming,” says Grant McAree at The Whyte House Dental Practice. “I will always appreciate Topsham and the people that make it what it is today.” Oh, and trust us – the parking’s never as bad as people say. w
www.mediaclash.co.uk I EXETER LIVING I 19
TOPSHAM
A
IS FOR ARTY
Great light, a surfeit of beautiful vistas… Artists, illustrators and photographers love Topsham, and the Topsham Art Group provides many of them with a support network and platform. Bargainarts keeps them in supplies, and art lovers can pick up original pieces at shops like Art@96, Fleming & Sell and Artenax. ALSO: Arthurs Butchers – long-running family business purveying fine local meat.
B
IS FOR BRIDGE INN
The 900-year-old Bridge Inn, run by the same family since 1897, was famously visited by the Queen in 1998 – her first official pub visit. After all that, she declined a drink! ALSO: Bookshop, namely antiquarian and second-hand trader Topsham Books.
C
IS FOR CHARCUTERIE
The first time we clocked Topsham chorizo we took a photo of it. The first time we tasted it we fell in love forever. Good Game was dreamed up by three mates in the 90s – now Jim, Steve and Pete are responsible for cured meats and sausages using only salt and Exe estuary air, and one of Devon’s biggest artisan food success stories. ALSO: Cheese – namely cheesemonger Country Cheeses; and the town’s Chamber Music Society, bringing high quality classical concerts to St Margaret’s Church.
D
IS FOR DUTCH
Those eye-catching Dutch-style, merchant’s houses in Topsham date from the early 18th century when the town was an important cotton port. Many of the bricks were actually shipped over from Holland. ALSO: Darts Farm.
E
IS FOR ESTUARY
Topsham sits on the east shore, just where the River Exe widens and starts to spill out into the sea. “An estuary of untrammelled, quintessential nautical British loveliness,” said The Guardian last summer when exhorting its readers to move there (many of them did). ALSO: Mighty fine French restaurant L’Estuaire, authentic French cooking in a stylish converted boathouse on the Quay.
F
IS FOR FESTIVALS
The Topsham Food Festival brings together all the town’s best eating and drinking experiences. A reliable highlight is Nello’s Longest Table, a communal feast that raises funds for local worthy causes and was started by friends of popular, local restaurateur Nello Ghezzo who died in 1999 and dreamed of such an event. The two events are usually held every two years. Look out, too, for the Topsham Music Festival, and Beer and Bacon Festival. ALSO: Film Society, one of the town’s most active societies, with over 200 members, screening about two films a year at Matthews Hall.
G
IS FOR THE GAP
A geographical and spiritual border between Exeter and Topsham, the Topsham Gap is a strip of green land between the two places that’s fiercely defended by local campaigners. Developers, be warned: one does not simply build on the Topsham Gap. ALSO: Well-regarded fish and seafood restaurant The Galley; and Goat Walk, a raised path along the riverside. w
20 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
Fisherman’s cottages and merchant’s houses sit cheek-by-jowl, and vessels of myriad shapes, sizes and vintages dot the water
TOPSHAM
GREAT LIGHT, A SURFEIT OF BEAUTIFUL VISTAS. . . ARTISTS,
ILLUSTRATORS AND PHOTOGRAPHERS LOVE TOPSHAM
www.mediaclash.co.uk I EXETER LIVING I 21
TOPSHAM
H
IS FOR HENSHER
The Booker-shortlisted novelist Philip Hensher used to live in Topsham, and appropriated it (renamed ‘Hanmouth’) as the well-heeled, bohemian backdrop to his darkly comic 2011 novel King Of The Badgers. It wasn’t exactly a loveletter, but still. . .
I
IS FOR INTERIORS
If you’re jeujing up a house, chances are you’ve spent some time at Topsham’s design hotspot, Dart Business Park, where you’ll find high-end kitchen and bathroom supremos Sapphire Spaces, Amos Lighting’s new showroom, and Dusk Lighting, as well as Fired Earth and the AGA Shop showroom at Darts Farm across the road. In Topsham itself you’ve got, to name but a few, furniture store Casa, Carter-Derrick Carpets, French- and New England-style goods at the ultra-tasteful Nest Interiors, and ethical mattress-makers Natural Mat, who supply Harrods!
Lose yourself in the quirky shops of meandering Fore Street 22 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
JIS FOR JEWELLERY
Creative types love Topsham, and it seems to be a particularly fertile spot for jewellers. Check out Topsham-based online trader By Tory for elegantly simple pieces, and Anna Bowen’s Birdie Num Num which is available online and also in her bricks and mortar shop Bird Cage. Quirky costume pieces can be found at Violette and more classic fare at Topsham Jewellers.
K
IS FOR KNIGHTLEY
That’s Steve Knightley. One of the country’s greatest folk musicians (and PJ Harvey’s former guitar teacher) is a proud Topsham resident who gets involved in plenty of local events and good causes. He formed Show Of Hands with Phil Beer in 1986 and the pair tour regularly (with Miranda Sykes on double bass).
L
IS FOR LIBRARY
Story time and reading groups are among the events on at this volunteer-run community resource run by the local charity Estuary League of Friends. ALSO: Popular gastro-boozer The Lighter Inn; and gorgeous gift shop Lark.
TOPSHAM
M
IS FOR MUSEUM
Among many other fascinating things, Topsham Museum houses the silk nightie Vivien Leigh wore in Gone With The Wind. (How so? Her sister-in-law from her first marriage lived in Topsham) and other Leigh memorabilia. ALSO: Matthews Hall, which hosts a great Saturday morning market, plus other community events and classes, and has a nice little café; and Maine, USA, where another, not as good, Topsham is located.
N
IS FOR NATURE
Topsham is a birdwatcher’s paradise. Gaze across the reed beds to see avocets, oystercatchers, dunlins, little ringed plovers, little egrets and other water birds, especially at one of the two RSPB nature reserves: Exminster Marshes and Bowling Green Marsh. Or join one of their nature walks every Saturday at Darts Farm at 2pm.
O
IS FOR THE ORANGE TREE
Cruise to the Turf pub: be sure to say hello to charismatic ferry man Mike Stevens
Stocking prestigious brands like Mulberry, Michael Kors, Caudalie, Dr Sebagh and Emma Bridgwater, owner Li Case has made The Orange Tree – in Darts Farm – one of the very best places in Devon for a quality shopping trip with your mum, with the girls, or just your own sense of self-worth. ALSO: Outdoor pool – this (heated) community gem next to the Fire Station, is open April to September. w
A stroll along Goat Walk will help to work off all Topsham’s gastro delights
www.mediaclash.co.uk I EXETER LIVING I 23
TOPSHAM
P
IS FOR PRONUNCIATION
Top-shum is the most common pronunciation; though older locals say Top-sum – which is actually more etymologically correct, when you think about it. ALSO: The Passage House Inn; the 193-year-old Topsham Pharmacy, the oldest in the south west; Pig and Pallet (see review on page 46), and legendary Exeter City footballer Dick Pym, goalie for Bolton Wanderers in the first FA Cup Final at Wembley in 1923, born here in 1893.
Q
IS FOR THE QUAY
Small but atmospheric, with the sound of masts jangling in the breeze, and notable for the highly browsable Quay Antiques Centre in the former Customs House – three floors of curios and collectables from around 70 dealers.
R
IS FOR RUGBY
“We are more than just sport,” states Topsham Rugby Club, which has not only 16 teams ranging from Topsham Old Boys to Under 7s, but also a programme of community events. On 11 September it is staging a concert by Show Of Hands (see also ‘K’) in memory of Lily Partridge, the Topsham Ladies player who died last year – see What’s On (page 30) for details. ALSO: The cosy Route 2 Café, gifted and witty papercut artists Rhombus and Pineapple, and Richard’s Greengrocer & Florist.
S
IS FOR SAILING
Topsham sailing club members regularly set sail from the Channel Islands, France and beyond, as well as taking part in a busy schedule of racing at weekends and on weekday evenings, and social events. Especially popular are the Devon yawls – quite a spectacle. ALSO: Salutation Inn (see Lives, page 98), fashion boutique Siena, and the annual Secret Gardens weekend.
produces close to 50,000 bottles of organic, award-winning sparkling, white, rosé and red wine a year, and supplies some of the region’s best hotels, pubs and restaurants. The vineyards cover a total area of 23 acres at Ebford and at West Hill near Ottery St Mary, and the Frenchstyle tasting cellar (where you can eat, drink, and buy the wine to take home) is on Ferry Road in the centre of Topsham.
W
IS FOR THE WARDROBE
Thrifty Topsham women’s best-kept secret, stocking pre-loved clothes, shoes and accessories by the likes of Mulberry, Ted Baker, Karen Millen, Ghost, Gina, Betty Barclay, Jaques Vert, Olsen and others.
T
Z
IS FOR TOPPA
If names determine your future, we have an Anglo Saxon bigshot to thank for Topsham’s apt first syllable. His name was Toppa, and the town he sparked into life is now synonymous with the Devon good life. ALSO: The much-loved Turf Pub across the water, an old lock-keeper’s cottage that you can only reach by boat, bike, or on foot. Or take the ferry from Trout’s Boatyard on Ferry Road.
IS FOR URBAN DISTRICT
Suburb or not? The official Exeter urban district swallowed Topsham up at the end of the 19th century, but the town was once quite distinct from the city. To many, it still is. See also ‘G’.
IS FOR VINEYARD
Started in 1999 as a community venture, Topsham’s Pebblebed Wines now
24 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
Community resources like the pool, museum, library and Matthews Hall supplement Topsham’s natural wonders and make life here an all-weather pleasure
IS FOR EXE SAILS AND COVERS
Salcombe may have spawned boatie faves Quba Sails, but Topsham has this outfit which not only makes and repairs sails and boat covers for proper sailors but also sells cool stuff for landlubbers. We’ve never unrolled a jib in our lives but we still yearn for one of their recycled sailcloth kitbags.
IS FOR YACHTIES
If you would like to pass as a Topsham yachtie, you must never actually call your vessel a ‘yacht’ – it is a ‘boat’. You must wear ancient deck shoes spattered with antifouling paint, and be permanently slightly damp. Pronounce ‘starboard’ as ‘stuh-bud’ and remember the loo is the ‘head’.
IS FOR ZUMMER
Best time to be yer. Though spring, autumn and winter not zackly bad neither.
THE
WAS ONCE QUITE
DISTINCT FROM THE CITY. TO MANY, IT STILL IS
a splash of colour from bristish designers Topsham’s destination for unusual, exciting, one-off items by British designers
Investment pieces, affordable cool, and original, contemporary paintings come to
for a splash of colour and support local makers
visit us online: www.artenax.co.uk 32 fore street, topsham tel: 01392 874172 email: [email protected] b artenaxdesigns a @artenaxnikki x artenax
mention you have seen artenax in Exeter Living to receive a
FREE artist’s card with any purchase in September and October
SIENA Boutique
53 Fore Street, Topsham 01392 873386 Stockist of: Part Two In Wear Odd Molly James Jeans
FINE DINING RESTAURANT WITH ROOMS
Christmas Parties The Salutation Christmas Party Menu can be enjoyed in Assembly room or Glass House for 8 to 35 people. A pre order will then be required from each member of the party. 3 courses £29.50 or £34.50 with canapé
Christmas Luncheon 7 Courses - £95pp
New Years Eve 7 Courses - £90pp
Please call Amelia to book or discuss a larger booking.
Christmas at L’estuaire
festive and christmas menus now available. Booking essential. L’estuaire Bistro and Bar is the perfect place for casual and relaxed dining in Topsham. We have a lovely outside seating area for fabulous food and drinks! Open: Tuesday to Saturday, 9.30 till late. Sunday, 10-4pm.
68 Fore Street, Topsham, EX3 0HL | 01392 873060
www.salutationtopsham.co.uk bfind us on facebook a @salutation1
6 The Quay,The Strand Topsham,Exeter EX3 0JB Phone: 01392 876 801 | Email: [email protected]
www.lestuaire.co.uk
EXETER ’ S AWARD - WINNING SEAFOOD RESTAURANT
‘ THE
BEST OF DEVON ON A PLATE ’
THE GALLEY T
M
- FISH & SEAFOOD RESTAURANT -
Set Lunch & À La Carte Fresh Locally Sourced Fish & Seafood Overlooking The River Exe - Day Boat Fish Pipers Farm Meat - Creative Vegetarian Dishes Open Tuesday to Saturday 12 - 2.30pm & 6.30 - 9pm Closed Sundays & Mondays 41 Fore Street, Topsham, Exeter EX3 0HU [email protected] 01392 876078
w w w. g a l l e y r e s t a u r a n t . c o . u k
Exeter Living
is available to download. www.mediaclash.co.uk
S O L I C I T O R S “Efficient and prompt service. Good value for money.”
“Best service we have ever had from a solicitor!”
“Very good service”
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Visit us online at: www.fordsimey.co.uk Exeter: 01392 274126 - Exmouth: 01395 272241 - Sidmouth: 01395 577061 - Honiton: 01404 540020
Art/craft/music/theatre/more
SNAPSHOTS OF EXETER’S CULTURAL LIFE
THINK UP Shami Chakrabarti is the public face of human rights in Britain. As such, she’s never far from the media spotlight, whether it’s as director of Liberty – she stepped down in January this year – chair of the Chakrabarti Enquiry into antisemitism in the Labour Party or offering up her ardent, agile thoughts on TV, radio or in the press. The 47 year-old former lawyer’s 2014 book On Liberty covers issues such as anti-terrorism measures, phone hacking and surveillance, and brings her to Budleigh Salterton Literary Festival this month where she’ll be in conversation with biographer and historian Rachel Holmes. Don’t miss this chance to listen to one of the country’s most distinguished and articulate campaigners. Shami Chakrabarti appears at Budleigh Salterton Literary Festival on 17 September; the festival runs from 15-18 September, at various venues throughout Budleigh Salterton; 01395 445275; budlitfest.org.uk
www.mediaclash.co.uk I EXETER LIVING I 29
2 September – 2 October
Isy Suttie visits Exeter Phoenix on 19 September; see works by Peter Goodhall in Sidmouth from 28 September; Ginny Baily appears at Budleigh Lit Fest on 16 September
Art UNTIL 4 SEPTEMBER
THE SUMMER SHOW Devon Guild of Craftsmen members show off their new work. Devon Guild, Riverside Mill, Bovey Tracey; crafts.org.uk UNTIL 25 SEPTEMBER
ILLUSTRATING HARRY POTTER Jim Kay’s original illustrations, sketches, models and prints from the new edition of JK Rowling’s Harry Potter And The Philosopher’s Stone. Accompanying events include stargazing (19 Aug) and quidditch lessons (until 29 Aug). Hannahs at Seale-Hayne, Newton Abbot; discoverhannahs.org
2-15 SEPTEMBER UNTIL 9 OCTOBER
THE GREAT BIG RHINO PROJECT 42 life-sized, painted rhinos, sponsored by local organisations, have invaded the streets of Exeter, to raise awareness of their plight. Various locations, Exeter and the English Riviera; greatbigrhinos.org.uk UNTIL 20 OCTOBER
EXETER’S FINE ART COLLECTION: SUMMER AND AUTUMN Works from the collection, inspired by summer and autumn. RAMM, Queen Street, Exeter; exeter.gov.uk/ramm
30 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
YVONNE TAYLOR: A JOURNEY IN COLOUR Paintings of India. Glorious Art House, 20 Fore Street, Exeter; theglorious.co.uk 10-25 SEPTEMBER
DEVON OPEN STUDIOS Enjoy and buy art at its origin – in artists’ studios – in Exeter and across the rest of the county. Various venues, Exeter; devonartistnetwork.co.uk 10-25 SEPTEMBER
GESTURE AND COLOUR Exhibition featuring the work of artists Joanne Brown, Trish Browne, Judith Lakeman Fraser and Zee Jones. Woodhayes Gallery, Luppitt,
Honiton; woodhayes.co.uk 10 SEPTEMBER-8 OCTOBER
EDUARDO PAOLOZZI: GENERAL DYNAMIC F.U.N. 50 dazzling screenprints and photolithographs by the Scottish-born pop artist. A Hayward Touring exhibition. Thelma Hulbert Gallery, Dowell St, Honiton; thelmahulbert.com 10 SEPTEMBER-4 DECEMBER
KURT JACKSON: REVISITING TURNER’S TOURISM Works by the contemporary British landscape artist (and Glastonbury Festival artist-inresidence) Jackson and Romantic painter JMW Turner. RAMM, Queen Street, Exeter; exeter.gov.uk/ramm
W H AT ’ S O N
ARTS
Independent Princesshay shop Insideout hosts a Meet The Maker event on 10 September 12 SEPTEMBER-12 NOVEMBER
BETH EMILY RICHARDS Installation exploring pop legend Michael Jackson’s bizarre appearance at Exeter City’s football ground, St James’ Park, in 2002. Phoenix, Gandy Street, Exeter; exeterphoenix.org.uk 16 SEPTEMBER-5 NOVEMBER
EXETER CONTEMPORARY OPEN 2016 See feature, page 38. Phoenix, Gandy Street, Exeter; exeterphoenix.org.uk
Sidmouth EX10 8NG; kennawayhouse.org.uk
Phoenix, Gandy Street, Exeter; exeterphoenix.org.uk
Theatre, Comedy & Dance
23 SEPTEMBER
3-4 SEPTEMBER
BLOWN AWAY Adaptation of Rob Biddulph’s award-winning children’s book, for ages 3+ (and babies). Northcott Theatre, Stocker Road, Exeter; exeternorthcott.co.uk 8-11 SEPTEMBER
17 SEPTEMBER-1 OCTOBER
TOYING WITH ART ‘Pop-up shop’ from artists Paul Russell Cooper and Cliff Gorman and many others, inspired by toys and featuring a ‘Donald Trump Wall’. Rolle Centre, Douglas Avenue, Exmouth EX8 2AU
THE TWO GENTLEMEN OF VERONA The Shakespeare comedy, delivered by none other than Shakespeare’s Globe on tour. Northcott Theatre, Stocker Road, Exeter; exeternorthcott.co.uk 19 SEPTEMBER
28 SEPTEMBER-9 OCTOBER
PETER GOODHALL: SEE THE SEA Large oil paintings of water by the Devon artist. Kennaway House Gallery,
ISY SUTTIE: THE ACTUAL ONE Endearing, hilarious account of finding Mr Right from the Peep Show star and BBC Radio 4 regular.
PETE FIRMAN Magician/comedian, often seen on the telly. Exeter Corn Exchange, Market Street, Exeter; 01392 665938; exeter.gov.uk/cornexchange 25 SEPTEMBER
JOHN HEGLEY: NEW AND SELECTED POTATOES The wonderful performance poet, comedian and musician, and his mandolin, deliver “meditations upon family, celery and happier Daleks”. Phoenix, Gandy Street, Exeter; exeterphoenix.org.uk 29 SEPTEMBER
ETCH New production of inclusive and multi-sensory dance from Plymouth’s Exim Dance Company. Cygnet Theatre, Friars Gate, Exeter; cygnettheatre.co.uk 30 SEPTEMBER
THE TEMPEST Radical revamp of the
Shakespeare classic, from Untold Theatre and Yellowbelly Theatre, combining news footage, digital projections and live action. Cygnet Theatre, Friars Gate, Exeter; cygnettheatre.co.uk
Music & Opera 9-11 SEPTEMBER
LOCKDOWN FESTIVAL The South West’s biggest dance music festival, with Chase & Status, Katy B and Tinie Tempah. Powderham Castle, Kenton; lockdownfestival.com 11 SEPTEMBER
SHOW OF HANDS: CONCERT IN MEMORY OF LILY PARTRIDGE Show of Hands & Friends pay musical tribute to the local rugby player who died in 2015. The concert will raise funds for her team, Topsham RFC, and the Exeter Foundation. Exeter Corn Exchange, Market Street, Exeter; exeter.gov.uk/cornexchange w
www.mediaclash.co.uk I EXETER LIVING I 31
ARTS
W H AT ’ S O N
18 SEPTEMBER
GUADALUPE PLATA Riotous Hispanic delta blues. Phoenix, Gandy Street, Exeter; exeterphoenix.org.uk 24 SEPTEMBER
10CC The band – led by original cofounder Graham Gouldman, celebrates the 40th anniversary of their album Sheet Music which they play in its entirety along with hits like I’m Not In Love. The Great Hall, University of Exeter, Streatham Drive, Exeter; exeternorthcott.co.uk 24 SEPTEMBER
PIANO RECITAL: STEPHEN BEVILLE The acclaimed pianist performs Beethoven’s Sonata in D, Op 28 ‘Pastoral’, his own composition Scenes From Dreams (5 Pieces for Piano) and Kriesleriana, Op 16 by Schumann. Exeter Cathedral, 1 The Cloisters, Exeter; exeter-cathedral.org.uk 1 OCTOBER
THE BLOCKHEADS English punk institution, famous for songs such as Hit Me With Your Rhythm Stick, with Derek Hussey fronting the band in lieu of the late, great Ian Dury. RAMM, Queen Street, Exeter; exeter.gov.uk/ramm
Other Events 7 SEPTEMBER
TRADITIONAL INDIAN MEDICINE Exeter-based herbal expert Simon Mills shares his insights into Ayurvedic medicine. RAMM, Queen Street, Exeter; exeter.gov.uk/ramm
Shakespeare’s Globe present The Two Gentleman of Verona at Exeter Northcott on 8-11 September
Market Street, Exeter; exeter.gov.uk/cornexchange 10 SEPTEMBER
CITY FORAGING WALK Three-hour course led by renowned ethnobotanist and professional forager Robin Harford. Discover all manner of wild food in the hidden foraging haunts of Exeter. RAMM, Queen Street, Exeter; exeter.gov.uk/ramm
10-11 SEPTEMBER
2016 TOUR OF BRITAIN Cheer on Bradley Wiggins and co on the Sidmouth to Haytor leg, taking in Ottery St Mary, Honiton, Tiverton, Crediton and Ide. devontourofbritain.co.uk 9 SEPTEMBER
12 SEPTEMBER
OCEAN FILM FESTIVAL TOUR The world’s best, new oceanthemed short films, totalling over two hours of breathtaking footage taken above and below the waterline. Exeter Corn Exchange,
BUDLEIGH SALTERTON LITERARY FESTIVAL Festival president Hilary Mantel presents top book world names such as Shami Chakrabarti (see also page 29), Devon-based authors Virginia Baily and Jenny Balfour-Paul, and more. Various venues, Budleigh Salterton; budlitfest.org.uk
STARFISH BY STARLIGHT Amazing opportunity to join the Rangers for a torch-lit rockpool safari. 8-9.30pm. Exmouth Beach (left of the lifeboat station), Queens Drive, Exmouth; eastdevoncountryside.co.uk
32 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
to make juice. Free, with no booking required. Meet Younghayes Community Centre, Cranbrook, Exeter; eastdevoncountryside.co.uk 24 SEPTEMBER
COCKT-ALE FESTIVAL See Spotlight, page 9. Piazza Terracina, Exeter; streetfoodexeter.co.uk 26 SEPTEMBER-1 OCTOBER
18 SEPTEMBER
SELF-BUILD AND DESIGN SHOW The South West’s most informative and hands-on show for anyone interested in converting, extending, renovating or self-building. Westpoint Centre, Devon Showground, Clyst St Mary; westpointexeter.co.uk
9 SEPTEMBER
15-18 SEPTEMBER
FAMILY FORAGE A walk in the woods looking for wild food, followed by a cook-up. Booking required. Holyford Woods Local Nature Reserve (parking at Seaton Down picnic site); eastdevoncountryside.co.uk 22-25 SEPTEMBER
STITCHING, SEWING & HOBBYCRAFTS SHOW See Spotlight, page 10. Westpoint Centre, Devon Showground, Clyst St Mary; westpointexeter.co.uk 24 SEPTEMBER
APPLE DAY AT ELBURY FARM Gather, chop and press apples
CHAGFORD FILM FESTIVAL See Spotlight, page 11. Various venues, Chagford; chagfordfilmfestival.com 10 SEPTEMBER
MEET THE MAKER Independent retailer Insideout hosts a showcase of local craft and design talent. 10.30am4.30pm, outside the store. Insideout, Bampfylde Lane, Princesshay, Exeter; gottohaveit.co.uk 1-2 OCTOBER
POWDERHAM FOOD FESTIVAL See feature, page 42. Powderham Castle, Kenton; powderhamfoodfestival.com
Photo: Jon Craig
advertisi n g feat u re T R AV E L
New leaves
During the summer, Bristol turns into one big, outdoor party. But as the nights draw in, the city becomes arguably even more alluring…
C
ities are always at their best in autumn. The streets and cafés are less crowded, the temperatures less hot and sticky. Refreshed from their summer holidays, everyone returns to work with renewed vim and vigour, and there’s a back-to-school buzz about the place; everything brims with new possibility. In Bristol, a city that scores year-round for its culture, innovation and sheer liveability, theatres and concert halls bring out their big shows and plays; independent boutiques unveil their new-season stock. Bristol also has an ever-improving restaurant and cafe scene, that even the locals struggle to keep up with. You can expect to dine on the cream of the autumn harvest: ‘seasonal, sustainable and local’ being the mantra here, both at local independents and brand-new openings up from London, such as The Ivy Clifton Brasserie and Polpo. Every neighbourhood has its star diner; Wallfish in Clifton, Casamia on Harbourside, Wilks in Redland, Bulrush in Cotham, Bell’s Diner in Montpelier, Birch in Southville and Adelina Yard on Welshback all have a national reputation for excellence. It’s a family-friendly city, and within easy walking distance of the centre are two award-winning visitor attractions: kids can get hands-on at renowned science centre At-Bristol, and see history come to life aboard the ss Great Britain; Bristol Zoo Gardens will easily occupy them for most of a day – look out for its newest star, baby lowland gorilla Afia. Don’t miss Clifton Village, with its elegant
Georgian squares, independent shops and spectacular views over the Avon Gorge; this is also the home of Bristol’s most iconic building, Isambard Kingdom Brunel’s Suspension Bridge. On an autumn evening, lit up by fairylights, it’s one of the most intoxicating sights of the city. For a comprehensive line-up of what’s on offer, see the excellent www.visitbristol.co.uk. Falcon coaches run 24/7 and drop you right in the heart of the city so you can take in the sights, a meal and a show and never worry about missing the last train home. And if you're planning to make a weekend of it, Falcon return fares are valid for up to 28 days from the date of issue.
www.mediaclash.co.uk I EXETER LIVING I 37
The TODAY show Exeter Contemporary Open 2016 brings a feast of fresh and exciting art to the city Wor ds by ROXANNE DURIS
E X E T E R C O N T E M P O R A RY O P E N 2 0 1 6
TREAT YOUR EYES TO
SOMETHING COMPLETELY
NEW
Clockwise from opposite: Ankle Grab by Devlin Shea; Susie Green’s Monster Tongue; Matt Burrows launches last year’s Open; we adore the tension and melancholy of Michelle Conway’s Little League 2
ARTS
W
e live in fast times, and today’s art reflects that – with the rush to produce works that are immediate and, perhaps, controversial, often pushing complexity or seriousness aside. Not so the works by emerging contemporary artists from across the world that will be showcased at Exeter Contemporary Open 2016 – an exciting spread of pieces from drawings to performance art, from which contemporary art mavens and casual viewers alike are sure to pick something they love. The annual art exhibition at Exeter Phoenix, now in its 11th year, is open to submissions from visual artists based across the world. This year’s eight finalists have been chosen from hundreds of entries by a top drawer trio of judges – Phoenix curator Matt Burrows, Cheryl Jones of Birmingham’s Grand Union gallery and George Vasey of the Northern Gallery for Contemporary Art in Sunderland. As well as a space in the exhibition, the artists will also compete for a £1,000 Overall Award and a £500 Additional Award, which will be presented at a VIP preview hosted by longtime main sponsors, Southernhaybased chartered accountants Haines Watts. A £200 Audience Choice Award, voted for by visitors, will be announced at the end of the show. US-born, Irish-based painter Michelle Conway captures spaces recently vacated by people, such as the wistful Little League 2 [pictured], a grainy depiction of an empty baseball field viewed through fencing. The drawings of fellow American
artist Devlin Shea explore human intimacy and vulnerability – the title of her recent collection says it all: Emotional Giants. Bristol’s Brendan Lancaster, meanwhile, uses a muted palette to play with mark making, in the process creating layered abstract paintings that leave you intrigued and in contemplative mood. At the more avant-garde end of the artistic scale, Londoner Jamie Fitzpatrick messes with historical statues to upset notions of authority, patriarchy and imperialism; James Parkinson of Bristol fills hollow objects with liquid plaster; and Newcastle performance artist Susie Green poses nude as a life model, and invites her audience to draw her directly onto the gallery walls. New this year is the involvement of the Phoenix’s independent cinema space, Studio 74, screening the exhibition’s two moving image works: Naomi Frears from St Ives works in tandem with her daughter, the poet Ella Frears, to present short films and spoken word exploring their relationship; while Netherlands-born Dorine van Meel, who now works in Berlin, Amsterdam and London, explore themes of power and resistance in her video work Disobedient Children. They are joined by three further artists drawn from the entries – Anne-Marie Creamer, Nick Jordan and Thomas Yeomans – one of whom will win the Moving Image Award and a screening at the Two Short Nights Film Festival at the venue in November. Make a note in your calendar; and treat your eyes to something completely new. Exeter Living is a media partner for the Exeter Contemporary Open, which runs from 16 September to 5 November at Exeter Phoenix, Gandy Street, Exeter; 01392 667080; exeterphoenix.org.uk
www.mediaclash.co.uk I EXETER LIVING I 39
A D V E R T I S I N G F E AT U R E L AW
CARTRIDGES LAW The city firm with a local heart has been established in Exeter for more than 40 years
A
t Cartridges Law we pride ourselves on the quality of work we consistently produce for our clients and on our leading role in the community. We have recently redeveloped our Private Client team at our St Thomas offices. This is the team which deals with everything to do with wills, probate, estate planning and management, and we are delighted to use this opportunity to introduce our lead member of this team, Associate Legal Executive Karyna Squibb. Karyna, who joined Cartridges Law with 15 years’ private client experience, specialises in wills, probate and estate administration. If you’ve got a question about a will, need to know what to do if someone close to you has died or you are the executor of an estate – then get in touch with Karyna, as she’ll know the answer. She also specialises in intestacies - when a
person dies without leaving a valid will - estates involving Deeds of Variation and foreign assets. Karyna also provides legal advice in estate planning, wealth management and asset protection. She has extensive knowledge in the areas of Lasting Powers of Attorney, Deputyship Applications and the Registration of Enduring Powers of Attorney, working with the Office of the Public Guardian and the Court of Protection. Cartridges Law were the first solicitors to join the Exeter Dementia Action Alliance which aims to raise awareness and reduce misconceptions about dementia. It also holds training sessions for local organisations and the public. On joining Cartridges Law, Karyna trained to become a Dementia Champion. She also has a keen interest in the charity sector and charity law. She is a trustee for a south Devon charity, Children and Families in Grief – a cause that Karyna’s legal experience can be particularly valuable in supporting.
For information about wills and probate or any other legal matter please contact us on: Tel: 01392 256854 Email: [email protected] Online: www.cartridgeslaw.co.uk
Serving the South West since 1969
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MUNCH TIME Skip breakfast! Powderham Food Festival returns this autumn for its mouthwatering fifth year. ROXANNE DURIS reveals all
P
owderham will be throwing open its gates for a fifth time to foodies from across the South West in the first weekend of October. Powderham Food Festival is an extravaganza of fabulous food and drink that will once again be awash with culinary wizardry from the region’s top producers and chefs. Taking place at the end of British Food Fortnight, the magical setting and convenient location within an ancient deer park beside the Exe estuary make Powderham – the family home of the Earl and Countess of Devon, and one of Devon’s oldest family homes – the perfect venue for an autumn day out for all ages. Among the amazing local producers to watch out for at Powderham Food Festival this year will be foodie champs Riverford, Veg in a Box, 42 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
Chunk of Devon, Fancy-That Caribbean street food, Pig & Pallet, Two Coast Country, Soviet Kitchen, Bell & Loxton and Hunters Brewery. Fancy yourself as a tough guy/gal? Know your nagas from your New Mex XX, your Poblanos from your Pasillas? Then you’ll not want to miss out on the ever-popular Great Devon Chilli Challenge, which, as part of the sizzling line-up for the Theatre of Smoke & Fire, pits devoted chilli fans against each other with a rising scale of fiery peppers. And don’t forget to peep into the Victorian kitchen to learn about historical production and use of salt, making harvest loaves, old tea traditions at the Castle, fruit vinegars and food fermentation.
YES, CHEF!
For the second year running, the cookery demo tent will be sponsored by Exeter Cookery School, an exciting new venue just launched on Exeter Quayside, whose Jim Fisher will join
Attractions at this year’s Powderham Food Festival will include cooking demonstrations from the Royal Marines (below) and top BBQ chefs (far right)
P O W D E R H A M F O O D F E S T I VA L
FOOD
WIN TICKETS WITH EXETER LIVING Exeter Living is delighted to offer our readers the chance to win a family weekend ticket to Powderham Food Festival 2016. All you have to do is answer the following question: In which year did Powderham Food Festival first launch? a) 2011 b) 2012 c) 2013 Please email your answers to info@mediaclash. co.uk by Friday 23 September. Subject heading: Powderham A family weekend ticket admits 2 adults and up to 3 children. No cash alternative is available.
TOP 5 THINGS TO DO AT POWDERHAM FOOD FESTIVAL 2016
1 2 3
Sample treats from one of the many delicious street food stalls Let the kids get messy in Fun Kitchen
Head on over to the Theatre of Fire ’n’ Smoke for top BBQ chefs and a spicy chilli challenge!
4
Get inspired to cook delicious dishes in Exeter Cookery School marquee
5
Step back in time in Powderham Castle’s Victorian Kitchen
other talented chefs such as Tim Maddams, who rose to fame following his role as part of the the River Cottage team for Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall’s hugely popular TV series; Richard Hunt of the Devon Scone Company; Richard Valder of @Angela’s in Exeter’s West Quarter; ex-food magazine editor and writer for Crumbs Devon Orlando Murrin; and Peter Gorton, formerly of The Horn of Plenty in Tavistock. Look out too for an exciting line-up of specialist BBQ chefs who will be barbecuing, smoking and broiling meat, fish and River Exe mussels from the Powderham Estate, including Marcus Bawdon of BBQ enthusiasts website Country Woodsmoke; Simon Dyer, a Somerset farm owner and winner of ITV’s BBQ Champ
2015; and farmer and charcutier John Gower. Oh, and ever wondered what the Royal Marines eat? Find out from Sergeant Mike Beaton, who will be showing visitors just how the Royal Marines cook and eat on the move from the Royal Marines field kitchen. And Fun Kitchen is back again to encourage children to create food from scratch.
NEW FOR 2016
It’s not just about stuffing yourself to the gills, of course. New for Powderham Food Festival 2016 will be a special ‘Eat Well, Live Well’ focus, with vegetable experts from Riverford promoting healthy eating and natural produce, and health experts advising on how to cut down on sugar and salt without losing the flavour of your food. Another fantastic innovation this year is a series of woodcraft sessions, teaching the younger generation traditional skills ranging from charcoal-making to wood-carving, and from building a shelter to cooking over the camp fire. Exeter Living is a media partner for Powderham Food Festival which takes place at Powderham Castle from 1-2 October; powderhamfoodfestival.com
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EAT. DRINK. TOGETHER.
M OUL ES ET F R I T ES FOR 2 PLU S A BOT T L E OF W I NE ONLY £ 2 5 * The Point Bar & Grill, Pilot Wharf, 14 Pierhead, Exmouth, Devon 1XA t: 01395 227145 | e: [email protected] | b ThePointbg
www.thepointbarandgrill.com T&Cs apply: Monday-Thursday until 31st October. Booking only. Subject to availability.
46 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
R E S TA U R A N T
FOOD
The Pig & Pallet This charcuterie-deli-restaurant on Topsham Quay is all about top quality fare served with compassion, in cool, laid-back surroundings, writes FRAN MCELHONE
‘‘A
nimal welfare is important for two reasons,” Steve Williams, who co-owns the Pig & Pallet with Pete Woodham-Kay, tells us. “If we’re going to eat animals then we need to do right by them; for example, our pigs – we use every single part of them. And,” he adds, “animals that have been treated well taste better, too.” When Steve and Pete created the business, plotted on Topsham’s picturesque quayside, three years ago, it was a butchers. For about a year now, it’s been a restaurant, too. They make virtually everything themselves, from pastrami and dry-cured bacon to frankfurters, using pork from their own pigs, as well as those owned by two nearby farmers. And they get their beef from the Darts Farm herd a mile up the road. They even used to catch their own game, but now that they don’t, they still know exactly where all the meat they prepare and serve has come from. These high ethical standards are right at the core of what Steve and Pete do. So, too, is delivering high quality and delicious food. You pay a couple of quid more than some other burger restaurants, they admit, but all this is why, and it is totally worth it. Their space is cosy and warming, with a rustic, woody interior that has trestle tables and tables made out of recycled pallets. There’s also a big bag of toys and games for kids – and big kids (thoughtful touch). And you can gaze at the sun sinking into the estuary through the window while you wait. There’s also a bookshelf labelled ‘Read and be filled with meat knowledge’, and definitely go to the loo while you’re there – one of the coolest ever! The Pig & Pallet take their booze pretty seriously too: all around us, friends were sharing bottles of wine. There’s also an extensive choice of beers and ciders, which is definitely pretty unique, and welcome, for such a foodie place. The rundown of cask or draught beers even details the number of miles covered from brewer to server – another extremely thoughtful touch. The whole menu is inviting. The starter line-up offers things like tomato and bresaola (air-dried and salted meat from the leg muscle of a cow, or deer) salad, paté, rillettes or terrine and smoked pork ribs, as well as nibbly things.
EVERYONE LOOKED HAPPY (ESPECIALLY THE MAN WITH THE SMOKED PORK RIBS)
We went for the sharing meat platter to start, which included pancetta, bresaola, rabbit pepperami sausage, chorizo, a pork terrine, and a scotch chorizo egg with toasted bread and a scattering of mini pickled veg. It was delicious. This board really shows off the butchery side of what they do here, and every bite was savoured. Their burger roll call includes a wild Dartmoor venison burger, served with their dry-cured bacon, a smoked mutton burger, and a herbivore option (smoked halloumi and portobello mushroom). Mains include a smoked barbecue meat platter, smoked frankfurter, smoked pork ribs with pulled pork –seriously, wow, I could not believe my eyes when they brought this out for a guy on the next table – mac and cheese with chorizo and bacon (or without, if you’re veggie) and ham, egg and chips. And the evening we visited, the specials included a falafel burger, and chargrilled tomahawk steak served with celeriac and mustard remoulade, as well as a few other delicious-sounding trimmings. Keeping it real, their burgers contain only meat, salt and pepper. So with this in mind, I went for an unadulterated one and pimped it up with some Swiss cheese. Mr McElhone, meanwhile, went for the pulled pork (smoked for 11 hours, no less) sandwich. Both came with homemade slaw and a mound of crispy fries. “These are so good, I could come here just for them,” said Mr M. Our meals were, quite simply, all you could wish for when going out for a burger: excellent quality, natural, wholesome, tasty with crunchy, not too mayonnaisey slaw, and those fries. It couldn’t have been any better. But there’s another thing that I just loved (in addition to the waitress – she was so fab) and it’s got nothing to do with ethics or quality. As soon as our meals arrived, a roll of kitchen roll was plonked on the table, too. No need to re-use a sticky napkin, steal your other half’s while they’re not looking, or get up and search for more in the middle of your grub. No – napkins on tap, just the way they should be. We visited mid-week, and every table in the house was taken when we walked in – and when we walked out. And everyone looked happy (especially the man with the ribs!). This is standard – it’s best to book. Seems like there are a fair few people on board with Steve and Pete’s ethos of high ethics and high quality – and who love a good bit of kitchen roll – which is heartening to see. So we departed, not before using the cool loo, wishing that all restaurateurs and publicans who don’t share the Pig and Pallet’s core values would pay this place a visit. Because they could learn a thing or two, for sure.
DINING DETAILS The Pig & Pallet, The Quay, The Strand, Topsham EX3 0JB; facebook.com/pigandpallet; 01392 668129 Prices Starters from £3, mains from £7.50, puds from £3 Vegetarian choice Loads Disabled access Good – alert them and they’ll get the ramp ready for your arrival Wine list Being updated as we type; everything available by the glass; plenty of local beers, too Service/atmosphere Relaxed, friendly, happy
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Gastro Pub & Speakeasy Cocktail Bar
Christmas Menu 2016 ÂŁ25 per head TO START... Seasonal soup of the day, bread (v can be gf) Game rillette, red onion marmalade, toast (can be gf) House peppered smoked salmon, lemon, dill & caper dressing (gf) Warm salad of artichoke heart, caramelised shallots, pumpkin seed praline, salsa verde dressing (ve & gf) THE BIT IN THE MIDDLE... Turkey Ballotine: pan roasted turkey breast with a forcemeat stuffing wrapped in streaky bacon served with roast potatoes, rich gravy (can be gf) Baked turbot with a lemon & thyme butter, shellfish boulangere and courgette ribbons (gf) Confit duck leg, creamy mash potato and a blackberry sauce (gf) Roasted squash and celeriac filo wellington, Charlotte hassleback potatoes, fire roasted pepper sauce (ve) All served with seasonal vegetables (gf& can be ve) TO FINISH... Christmas sticky toffee pudding, brandy cream, festive spice Chocolate & Raspberry pot with shortbread (gf) Avocado lime cheesecake, candied citrus (ve) Savoury plate - Blue cheese, brie, toasts, marmalade (gf available) All of our food is produced and cooked at The Oddfellows. (gf = gluten free, ve = vegan, v=vegetarian)
Christmas bookings now being taken!
High Street | Exmouth | EX8 1NP Tel: 01395 27 70 30 [email protected] 60 New North Road | Exeter Devon | EX4 4EP Tel: 01392 20 90 50 [email protected]
www.theoddfellowsbar.co.uk
The Lamb Inn Sandford Crediton
Superb food and luxury rooms in a real pub THE TIMES 2016 ‘BRITAIN’S 30 BEST SUMMER PUBS’ Live music events in September and October. Please ring for details.
01363 773676 [email protected] www.thelambinnsandford.co.uk
it’s christmas time . . . in about three months, and your works Christmas do won’t book itself. Get ready to party the night away at the region’s best restaurants, pubs and hotels By PA M E L A DU K E
Woodbury Park Hotel & Golf Club all dressed up in its Christmas finery
CHRISTMAS PA R T I E S Tipi or not tipi? (Tipi, obviously)
Fa-la-la-la-la the night away at Lloyds Kitchen
NOW BOOKING Bickleigh Mill Bickleigh, Tiverton; bickleighmill.com L’Estuaire The Quay, Topsham; lestuaire.co.uk Lamb Inn Sandford, Crediton; lambinnsandford.co.uk Lloyds Kitchen 16 Catherine St, Exeter; lloydskitchen.co.uk Oddfellows 60 New North Rd, Exeter & High St, Exmouth; theoddfellowsbar.co.uk Phoenix 25 Fore St, Chudleigh; phoenixchudleigh.co.uk Pizza Stein 10 Quay Hill; pizzastein.co.uk Salutation Inn 68 Fore St, Topsham; salutationtopsham.co.uk Sidmouth Harbour Hotel Manor Rd, Sidmouth; sidmouth-harbour-hotel.co.uk Tipi Christmas Parties 01647 440878; [email protected] Urban Burger 44 Queen St, Exeter; urbanburger.co.uk Woodbury Park Hotel & Golf Club Woodbury Castle, nr Exeter; woodburypark.co.uk
A
h yes, the Christmas party – as much a part of the festive season as the John Lewis advert, eggnog and Clive from HR doing the Single Ladies routine. Yes, it’s somewhat grotesque to be thinking about Christmas before summer’s even officially out, but this is the optimal time to get that works party in the diary. Imagine how smug you’ll feel as December approaches, with everyone else leaving it too late and having to order takeout. As always, the many restaurants, gastropubs and hotels of Exeter and surrounding area are offering an embarrassment of merry riches. Take Woodbury Park, hosting various joint party nights, with party menus from £19.95 per person – or you and your team can have the place to yourselves. Expect full-on festive glitz, music and cocktails. There’s plenty of Christmas party scope at Salutation Inn, too, where groups of 8-35 can choose from the Assembly Room or Glass House, both enchanting spaces. Army of you? Call them and they’ll sort you out. Still in Topsham, but down the road at chic French restaurant L’Estuaire, we can’t wait to sample Noël á la français. Slightly less formal, both the Exeter and Exmouth branches of glorious gastropub The
Sparkle, sizzle and slick mixology at Urban Burger
Oddfellows have a Christmas menu (£25 for three courses) which, as well as trad fare, offers alternatives such as baked turbot and avocado lime cheesecake. City centre celebrations can also be had at the reliable Lloyds Kitchen, ideally placed, and fully primed, for all manner of corporate events, as Exeter Living has discovered on many occasions. Do your co-workers prefer street food? Then they’ll appreciate Urban Burger’s offering this December, where Christmas specials join the usual faves on the main menu. Large parties (up to 25 for a sit-down meal) are welcome, and you can book your own, decorated private room then continue the party downstairs, in your own reserved area of the Urban Underground bar. Preparing for a busy first Christmas, Pizza Stein, meanwhile, will stun your pizza lovers with its pure, simple, delicious wood-fired Naples pizza and excellent choice of beer. Out in the countryside, Bickleigh Mill near Tivvy, The Phoenix in Chudleigh and The Lamb Inn at Sandford are also now taking bookings for Christmas, as is the Upper Deck Restaurant at the splendid Sidmouth Harbour Hotel (look out for a full review in our next issue). Last but not least, if you fancy something completely different, do take a peek at Exeterbased Tipi Christmas Parties. With live entertainment, food, drink, roaring fire and silent disco inside a giant, lantern-lit tipi, they promise lashings of what the Swedish call hygge. All sorted? Now all you have to do is buy a new outfit and book the taxis. . . www.mediaclash.co.uk I EXETER LIVING I 51
s e i t r a P s a Christm
Reach the best in the west Affluent, active and influential and just a call away For colleagues, family and friends, book tables for 10 to 200 guests.
*Festive Feasting* *Christmas Cocktails* *Licensed Pay Bar* *Entertainment* *Silent Disco* *Music* *Dancing* *Santa Selfie Sleigh* Email: [email protected]. Call: 01647 440878. For info, menus, prices & bookings please visit:
Facebook - TIPI CHRISTMAS PARTIES EXETER Exeter Cricket Ground, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter EX4 4PR
Paula Miller 07563 529772
FABULOUS NEW STOCK
NEW CTION COLLE ! NOW IN
Large selection of HB loafers and court shoes. Lisa Kay occasion shoes and boots. La Ross and Franco Russo handmade Italian evening and day boots. Van Dal. Cefalu colourful Spanish shoes and much much more.
Sizes 2 (35) to 8 (41) available and various fittings SALE u
p to
upstair s
www.exivboutique.co.uk 3 Cathedral Close, Exeter EX1 1EZ Telephone: 01392 252876
Elisa Cavaletti | Myrine | Charli | Sandwich | Part Two Inwear | Jonny Q Jeans | NYD Jeans | Unisa Shoes | Lupo bags Wedding Hats | Accessories | Cara Footwear
Tel: 01392 213111 Exiv Boutique, 2 Upper Paul Street, Gandy Street, Exeter, EX4 3NB
Fashion/gifts/stores/more
LIFE’S RICH TAPESTRY Seen on the catwalk at AW16 shows for Miu Miu, Chloé and Gucci, tapestry is set to be big news as the days grow shorter. Fans of designer Caroline Charles, whose Exeter store is one of only six nationally, have been onto it for aeons, however, the technique being a favourite for the understatedly elegant brand. This new season tapestry coat (there’s a jacket and dress in the same fabric, too) offers a very chic, very high-end take on boho. Stick your arms in your sleeves though, love, that wind can really whistle round Princesshay. . .
Tapestry coat, £795, Caroline Charles, Roman Walk, Princesshay, Exeter; www.carolinecharles.co.uk
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Casa Magnolia CHAGFORD
Exciting New Collections for Autumn including: Come and Browse our new Showroom!
OSKA SANDWICH SAHARA MCVERDI QUERNSTONE CUT LOOSE YACCO MARICARD Plus LILY&ME g or geous GINGER TOBY accessorie ROBELL s! CAPRI WARM&CO CASHMERE
38 The Square, Chagford, Devon, TQ13 8AB 01647 433905 / [email protected] ITS ALL ON OUR WEBSITE:
WWW.CASAMAGNOLIA.CO.UK
Open Monday to Friday 9am-5pm Saturday 9am-4.30pm
Find us opposite
DARTS FARM
Come visit us at: 5 Topsham Units, Dart Business Park, EX3 0QH T: 01392 873085 E: [email protected]
www.dusklights.co.uk
4. LIGHTBULB MOMENT
5. BIT ON THE SIDE
‘Claremont’ bag in teal, £120 Europe in total harmony – in accessory form, anyway. Italian, French and English leather combine in this seductive little satchel From Rare Pear, Topsham; rarepear.co.uk
‘From Topsham With Love’ giclee print, £20 (mounted)/£40 (framed) From a watercolour by Topsham artist and keen beachcomber Willow From Willow Paterson; willowpaterson.co.uk
New York-London-ParisTopsham mug, £9.50 Who’s up for a Topsham Fashion Week, then? From Lark, 48 Fore Street, Topsham; larktopsham. myshopify.com
Jefferson cloche table lamp, £160 (reduced from £192) Because we know how much you love that whole mid-century, industrialminimalist thing From Dusk Lighting, 5 Topsham Units, Dart Business Park, Exeter; dusklights.co.uk
‘Jaipur’ sideboard, £649 There’s a touch of the subcontinent about this handsome piece – it’s got wheels, too, if you can’t be parted from it. . . From Casa, The Old Gaol, Strand, Topsham; casa-furniture.co.uk
58 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
ED’S CHOICE 6
7. COME SHINE WITH ME
8. MAKING THE CUT
9. BEAK LIKE ME
10. CASE STUDY
Sorrento ‘Molini’ tile, £8.83 each Monochrome, trompe l’oeil geometry, hardy enough for wet rooms From Fired Earth, Darts Farm, Topsham; firedearth.com
‘Stargazer’ necklace, £58 for silver, £65 for gold vermeil finish Topsham jeweller Tory has struck gold with this simple charm on a long chain From By Tory; bytoryjewellery.com
Topsham papercut, £24 (unframed) A labour of love from the ace papercut shop – they do amazing cards, prints etc too From Rhombus & Pineapple, 6-7 Fore Street, Topsham; rhombusandpineapple.net
Herons apron, £20 Topsham designer Karen Walshe’s fabric goods celebrate the local birdlife – avocets and oystercatchers also available! From Panorama, 66 Fore St, Topsham; karenwalshe.co.uk
Tipplesworth Bramble cocktail case, £230 How dapper is this? Make Bramble cocktails on-the-go, from a retro suitcase. Ding dong! From Darts Farm, Topsham; dartsfarm.co.uk
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WOOL on the EXE A new community craft hub in St Thomas is bringing city residents together to create beautiful things – and beautiful friendships. ANNA BRITTEN finds out more Photo s by E M M A SOL L E Y
‘‘O
ne of my earliest memories is blanketing the hallway with a roll of paper and making fantastical scenes with cotton balls, fabric, yarn and paint,” recalls Americanborn Debbie Judd of Wool on the Exe. “As I grew older, sewing was my first love – fashioning new clothing from old jeans in the 70s! Then came quilting, and English hand smocking – my best friend had a little girl and I went a bit over the top with Southern-style dresses. In between, there was always knitting, but not a serious focus until I came to the UK nine years ago and joined a local knitting group.” Wool on the Exe grew from two community initiatives, Neighbourworks and The Knit-Stop. After a few false starts with potential spaces, Debbie and business partner Mary Ann Jennings – they also have a crack board of directors – found their current spot in St Thomas and named the shop after its glorious view of the river. They stock a wide range of luxury British yarns, as well as running a packed schedule of workshops and drop-in sessions. From the autumn, they will be running a teen crafting group for 13 to 16 year-olds. 60 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
Craft is undeniably fashionable at the moment – why do the pair think that is, and will it last? “Being creative is one of the best serotonin boosters I know!” says Debbie. “Seriously, our world is manic; craft is an antidote to our craziness. We all need places that nourish our creative spirit and where we can meet other people and share our stories.” Adds Mary Ann: “Craft groups such as Wool on the Exe’s two regular drop-in sessions serve an important function in that they bring together people who share a common interest who might otherwise never meet. It’s why we think of ourselves as a community fibre arts space, not just a shop. “The rhythm of spinning, weaving, knitting and crochet is very soothing, with your focus being on the look and feel of your creation. If you’re working with a wonderful, pure wool yarn there’s the scent of the wool as well, so crafting can involve several of the senses, making it more of a holistic experience.” What are your bestselling items? “Believe it or not, our greatest selling item in revenue, since we opened on 31 May, is our membership scheme,” says Debbie. “People want to belong to our tribe. After that, it’s Fyberspates Gleem Lace
You’ll find not only beautiful yarns and handmade items, but also, most days, a friendly drop-in session in full flow Below: Mary Ann Jennings
SPECIAL SHOPS
BEING CREATIVE IS ONE OF THE BEST SEROTONIN,
BOOSTERS I KNOW
yarn – it’s absolutely gorgeous.” And the most rewarding part of the whole experience? For Debbie it’s “when people come in and share what they’ve made, or when strangers take a seat at our table and find a common bond, or when someone shares a story about how our little shop has changed them for the better. I love all these things the most.” Mary Ann adds: “Without a doubt, our biggest reward is all the wonderful people we’ve met through Wool on the Exe. Everyone who has visited us has been very welcoming, from customers to neighbouring businesses.” And as to the future? It’s fair to say it looks brighter than a reel of neon knicker elastic. “We’ve just been awarded a Big Lottery Fund grant to support our outreach work in Exeter,” says Mary Ann. “We plan to start more KnitStop groups in other areas, as well as begin a programme at the RD&E for patients and staff. We aim to take advantage of opportunities to connect with the community. For example, we are about to announce a project with Theatre Alibi that will involved a lot of knitted and crocheted fish – that will hopefully increase awareness and support for Knit for Peace (knitforpeace.org) and create opportunities for people to take part in something bigger than themselves.” Wool on the Exe, 2 Okehampton St, Exeter EX4 1DW; 01392 669015; woolontheexe.com
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Xxxxxx
New term? No stress Recent school leaver Rosie Hurley has some back-to-school advice for parents
64 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
E D U C AT I O N SPECIAL
YOUR CHILD MAY ACTUALLY – SHOCK, HORROR! – BE LOOKING
FORWARD TO GOING BACK TO SCHOOL
T
ype ‘back to school tips’ into Google and the advice you’ll find will, more often than not, will be written by adults and aimed at parents. Of course, there’s nothing wrong with this — mums and dads need to be supported as the school year rolls around again — but perhaps amidst the jitters and pre-term butterflies, a perspective from the kids would be useful. Often the bubbling apprehension is palpable in shops like Clark’s and WH Smith as the new school term grows ever closer. As pencil cases and folders fly off the shelves, sometimes this nervous anticipation can emanate more from the parents than their children. Take uniform shopping. ‘Back to school’ has long been a commercial buzzword, with all the major supermarkets and department stores cashing in on the need for pleated skirts which iron themselves and trousers resistant to all manner of weird stains. Shoe shopping can be the most stressful of all uniform hunting expeditions. Of course, the school regulations must be adhered to, but when Clark’s is filled with parent-child teams all looking for the same sensible, plain black shoes which are often not, let’s be honest, the most fashionable of footwear, fuses shorten and wills are tested. I remember one particular late-August, trudging around to all of the shoe shops in town because of my peculiarly high arch. No shoes would fit, and no shoes would do for me, being a fussy pre-teen. Although shoes were bought in the end, it was not an experience either of us wished to repeat anytime soon! To despairing parents: accept your child’s fussiness. Letting your child have some free rein with their choices early on will lead to more give and take in that area later. For some, the new school year means hitting the ground running if there are big exams coming up. For me, as for many, my last year of school, and
the last year of the dreaded A-levels, was a stressful time. Although, as parents, you may be worried about your child’s final year at school, and about what lies ahead, try not to put too much pressure on them. They may be putting just as much on themselves, especially if they’re dealing with the behemoth that is UCAS. High expectations, though well-meaning, may turn into second-hand stress and do more harm than good. My final year was also defined by an ‘end of an era’ feeling. Keep in mind that the year will pass in the blink of an eye – encouraging your child to enjoy as much of it as they can is so important. Finally, do consider the fact your child may – shock, horror! – actually be looking forward to going back to school. Though this may be hard to believe, the long summer holidays are a little too long (I’m sure you don’t need me to tell you that) and, though they may not admit it, your child can’t wait to see all their friends again. Getting stuck into a new year is a great thing, so let them go crazy with the new pencil case and rainbow highlighter set — after all, when will the month of September ever hold this much w significance again?
Clockwise from above: pupils at Queens College Taunton gear up for the autumn term; making new friends at Exeter School; Maynard girls celebrate this year’s A-level results
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E D U C AT I O N SPECIAL YEAR 6 PARENT? YOU’RE GOING TO NEED THIS. . . OPEN DAY ROUND-UP STATE SCHOOLS CO LY T O N GRAM MA R
Whitwell Lane, Colyford, Colyton, Devon EX24 6HN 01297 552327; colytongrammar.devon.sch.uk Open morning: Tue 6 September, 10am until approx 11.30am Please call to confirm attendance or email [email protected] Deadline for test registration: Weds 7 September Selection test: Sat 17 September 2016 C LY S T VAL E C O MMUNIT Y CO LLEG E
Station Road, Broadclyst, Exeter EX5 3AJ 01392 463936; clystvale.org Open Evening: Tue 13 Sept, 6pm T H E KI N G ’ S S C H O O L
Cadhay Lane, Ottery St Mary EX11 1RA 01404 812982; thekings.devon.sch.uk Open Evening: Thurs 22 September Open Day: Fri 23 September Phone to reserve a place S T P E T E R’ S
Quarry Lane, Heavitree, Exeter EX2 5AP 01392 204764; spexe.org Open Day: Tue 20 September Q UE E N E L I Z AB E T H ’ S
Western Road Campus, Crediton EX17 3LU; 01363 773401 Barnfield Campus, Crediton EX17 3HX; 01363 775871 qe.devon.sch.uk Open Days: Mon 26-Tue 27 September, 10.30am-12noon and 1.30-3pm Open Evening: Tue 27 September, 6-8pm I S C A AC AD E M Y
Earl Richard’s Road South, Exeter EX2 6AP 01392 204082; iscaexeter.co.uk Open Mornings: Mon 3 – Fri 7 October, 9.30am Open Evening: Thur 29 September, 6.30pm S T LUKE S
Hart’s Lane, Exeter EX1 3RD 01392 204600; st-lukes.devon.sch.uk Open Day: Weds 21 September PRIVATE SCHOOLS B LUN D E L L S
Blundell’s School, Tiverton EX16 4DN 01884 252543; blundells.org Senior School Open Day: Sat 17 September, 9.45am Prep School Open day: Sat 17 September, 1.30pm Phone to reserve your place E XE T E R C AT H E DR A L SCH O O L
The Chantry Palace Gate, Exeter EX1 1HX
66 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
Best days of their lives? Queen Elizabeth’s students think so
01392 255298; exetercs.org Phone to arrange initial visit either with or without child(ren)
contact [email protected] or call 01823 340830 SHEBBEAR COLLEGE
EX ETER S CHOOL
Victoria Park Road, Exeter EX2 4NS 01392 258712; exeterschool.org.uk Autumn Open Evening: Wed 28 September, 6-8.30pm Junior School Open Afternoons: Weds 14 & Mon 17 October, Weds 9 November Junior School Taster Days for 7+ and 8+: Thurs 10 & Thurs 17 November Junior School Taster Day for 9+: Mon 21 November Senior School 11+ Familiarisation Morning: Sat 12 November Senior School 13+ Taster Day: Mon 14 November Sixth Form Taster Day: Weds 16 November
Shebbear, Beaworthy, Devon EX21 5HJ 01409 282000; shebbearcollege.co.uk Open Week: Mon 3 – Fri 7 October. Please call 01409 282001 or email registrar@ shebbearcollege.co.uk to make an appointment ST J OHNS INTERNATI ONAL
Broadway, Sidmouth EX10 8RG 01395 513984; stjohnsdevon.co.uk Phone or email admission.stjohns@iesmail. com to make an appointment ST P ETER’S SCHOOL
Harefield, Lympstone EX8 5AU; 01395 272148; stpetersprep.co.uk Open Day: Sat 8 October, 10am-1pm
K ING’S COLLEGE TAUNTON
ST WILF RID’S SCHOOL
South Road, Taunton TA1 3LA 01823 328204; kings-taunton.co.uk Open Day: Sat 1 October, 10am
25-29 St David’s Hill, Exeter EX4 4DA 01392 276171; stwilfrids.devon.sch.uk Please call to arrange a visit
K ING’S HALL TAUNTON
STOVER S CHOOL
Kingston Rd, Taunton TA2 8AA 01823 285921; kingshalltaunton.co.uk Open Day: Fri 30 September, 10am Phone to reserve a place
Stover, Newton Abbot TQ12 6QG 01626 354505; stover.co.uk Open Morning: Sat 1 October, 10am Please call to book your place
MAYNARD SCHOOL
TAUNTON SCHOOL
Denmark Road, Exeter EX1 1SJ; 01392 273417; maynard.co.uk Whole School Open Morning: Sat 24 September, 10am Sixth Form Open Evening: Thurs 10 November, 6pm Junior Discovery Morning: Sat 19 November, 10am
Staplegrove Rd, Taunton TA2 6AD 01823 703303 (ages 0-13), 01823 703700 (ages 13-18); tauntonschool.co.uk Nursery, pre-prep, prep and senior school open mornings (0-18 years): Sat 1 October, 9.30am-12.30pm 6th form open evening: Fri 30 September, 6.30-9pm IB information evening: Thurs 13 October, 6.30-8.30pm
MOUNT KELLY
Parkwood Road, Tavistock PL19 0HZ 01822 813100; mountkelly.com To arrange a visit, contact the admissions department on 01822 813193 or email [email protected]
Buckeridge Road, Teignmouth TQ14 8LY 01626 774138; trinityschool.co.uk Open Day: Sat 15 October
Q UEENS COLLEGE TAUNTON
WELLINGTON SCHOOL
Trull Road, Taunton, Somerset TA1 4QS 01823 272559; queenscollege.org.uk Junior School Open Morning: Fri 7 October (9.30am-12noon); Senior School Open Morning: Sat 8 October (9.30am-12noon). For further information,
South Street, Wellington TA21 8NT 01823 668800; wellington-school.org.uk Open Day: Sat 24 September, 9am-12noon Please confirm your place by contacting [email protected] or (for pre-prep) [email protected]
TRINITY SCHOOL
S C H O O L D AY S
Sarah Dunn – try not to sit by her in physics. . .
What attracted you to the job as head at Maynard? Having lived and taught in Devon for many years, you cannot fail to know about The Maynard School. Its ethos and educational philosophy is right on point for me. The Maynard allows the girls to be who they truly are in a relaxed, caring and fun environment yet, at the same time, encourages them to be very aspirational and reach for the stars.
IT MATTERS THAT STAFF FEEL VALUED AND INSPIRED
STARTER FOR TEN SARAH DUNN starts work as the new head teacher at Maynard School this month. But what was she like at school? Tell us about your own school days – were you a well-behaved student? I had the most wonderful childhood growing up in the Bahamas and attending a very progressive and caring international school. I was a reasonably well-behaved student but, as my father was the headmaster for most of my schooling, I had very little wriggle room! That said, I did manage to get a good, oldfashioned caning in Year 9 for accidentally electrocuting a classmate in physics! Favourite/least favourite subjects at school, and why? I have always had a leaning towards science since a little girl, and took maths, chemistry and biology at A-level. I never got the knack of languages. I can manage to order a meal in most places in Europe but then the conversation dwindles. What made you decide to be a teacher? Actually, I always intended to be a vet! Sadly, I missed my chemistry A grade by 2% and, in those days, retakes were not really an option. I went to Exeter University
to read biological sciences and my father persuaded me to do my extra year’s teaching qualification at Oxford University, “just in case”. However, once I started teaching I absolutely loved it. The irony is that two of my friends are vets and they constantly tell me how hard life is, especially at 2am when they have to go out in the dark, wet and cold! Tell us a little about your career before you joined Maynard... I started my teaching career at Torquay Boy’s Grammar School and had nine fabulous years there. One January morning, the deputy head came to my office, placed the TES and a £20 note on my desk and said: “I bet you £20 you can get that deputy headship at Plymouth College that has just come up!” I have now done 21 wonderful years at Plymouth College and guided it through some exciting transitions. But it was time for a new challenge and my dream job of leading The Maynard came up just at the right moment! How lucky am I?
How would you describe your education philosophy? I believe in allowing staff to be creative and innovative. The Maynard has bright, able students and it is important that they maintain a deep love of learning throughout their time at school, and beyond. This can only be achieved if the lessons and enrichment activities are consistently exciting and thought-provoking, and give enough independence and challenge to nurture this passion. It also matters that the staff feel equally as valued and inspired, as everyone should be given the right springboard to reach their full potential. What’s the most memorable excuse for missing homework you’ve ever heard? “My hamster made a nest out of my maths book!” And it turned out to be true, as her mother sent me a photo of ‘Ginger’ the Syrian hamster curled up amongst a set of quadratic equations. The girl had left the book on top of the cage overnight! If you could send your pupils forth with one bit of advice lodged in their hearts, what would it be? Be brave, be idealistic and don’t be afraid of a challenge. maynard.co.uk
For more features like this, visit: tom-brown.com
www.mediaclash.co.uk I EXETER LIVING I 71
‘Has all the elements to become a modern classic of the genre . . .’ Independent on Sunday
Game of Thrones withdrawal?
Shortliste d for the Gemmell Morningst ar award!
THE DEBUT NOVEL FROM LUCY HOUNSOM, AND FIRST INSTALMENT IN THE WORLDMAKER TRILOGY. A tale of heroism and lost powers, for fans of George R R Martin and Trudi Canavan
www.lucyhounsom.com
H E A LT H & B E A U T Y a d v e r t i s i n g f e at u r e
How much do you really know about Chiropractic? If you think chiropractic care is just about relieving back pain, you're missing the whole point!
W
e're here to introduce you to a much wider view of caring for your whole body and mind that's gentle yet highly effective.
How does the body know when it's sick? Your body is amazing! But when you're sick, it doesn't really feel that way. However, thanks to your central nervous system, your body knows when it's sick, and takes steps to heal itself. The spinal cord is an essential part of this process – it's your
body's information superhighway. Responsible for carrying important messages from each part of your body to the brain, this highway needs regular maintenance to avoid damage and obstruction. The spine is a flexible skull Your brain has the best protection of any organ in the body: the skull. But the spinal cord isn't so lucky. While the skull will never deteriorate, and is actually pretty difficult to damage, the spine is much more fragile. To start with, it has to support a 10lb head, as well as providing ease of movement, and protection to the spinal cord. It's just much easier to damage, and suffers from natural deterioration as you age. A damaged spine causes interruptions in the communication between your organs and your brain, which can lead to illness if left untreated. Fulfil your health potential with preventative care Here's where chiropractic comes into its own. By keeping the spine healthy, and paying attention
to lifestyle choices, you can go much further than simple pain relief. Proper care of your nervous system infrastructure can mean avoiding a huge range of health complaints altogether. Chiropractic doesn't use drugs or surgery to achieve this – instead we gently adjust your vertebrae, leading to greater ease of movement, feeling of wellbeing, and, we believe, improved immune functions.
If you like the sound of that, why not drop into our quayside Centre for a no-obligation chat. 45 The Quay, Exeter, Devon, EX2 4AN 01392 790499 [email protected] www.rockchiropractic.co.uk
Were you there?
SEEN!
AC ROS S E X E T ER , O N E S H I N D I G AT A T I M E
MIXING IT UP
Suzie Mountain, Rebecca Thomson and Lauren Heath
Exeter’s thriving PA Network – dedicated to supporting executive assistants, personal assistants, secretaries and administrators – held their latest meet-up at city centre coffee and wine bar Artigiano, where they partook in a fun DIY cocktail evening with pizzas and – of course – vital networking, on the table. Photos by Attention Media
Kirsty Richards, Rebecca Wood and Julia Iddon
Christopher Pearse, Lewis Bell and Sophie Bevan
Liz Harris, Lynn Gillard and Maria Martin
Matt Williamson, Georgie Hale and Polly Willis
Alison Lee, Susie Jones and Will Dunn
www.mediaclash.co.uk I EXETER LIVING I 75
SOCIETY
GAVEL GAZING Honiton auctioneers Whittons held an evening reception to launch their Fine Art and Antiques summer auction, and to welcome Hospiscare who now share their premises. A signed Exeter Chiefs shirt raised vital funds for the latter. Photos by Matt Round Edward, Maria and Archie Whitton with Richard Cousins and Helen Hutter
Jonathan Baker and Matthew Baker
Stephen Kocek and Caroline Kocek Paul Heath and Emma Matthews Clare Matthews, David Matthews and Angela Booth
Robert and Barbara Chalk
76 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
Sharon Roberts, Ian Hamilton and Emma Hamilton
Advertising feature family law
To arrange a meeting call The Family Law Co on 01392 421 777
Don’t put it off... by Imran Khodabocus of the family law company We often use the summer months as an opportunity to get round to doing those things we’ve put off or maybe just haven’t had time to do. As a family law solicitor, clients often tell me ‘I wish I had done this!’ so I’d like to highlight a few things, in the context of a relationship, that you might want to think about. Making and altering your Will It’s amazing how many people don’t like to think about their Will. If you die without having a Will, what you own at the time of your death (known as your ‘estate’) will be distributed in accordance with the law rather than in line with your wishes. This can mean that those you wanted to help will be left with nothing. For example, if you are not married or are in a civil partnership when you die, your partner is not legally entitled to anything. In the same way, if your circumstances change and you haven’t altered your Will, your estate could benefit someone you didn’t intend it to. It’s important to remember that even if you have separated from your spouse or civil partner, they still may end up inheriting from your estate. This may, for example, be at the expense of your children from a previous relationship.
Formalising a separation You may have been separated from your spouse or civil partner for some time and simply haven’t got round to formalising things. It’s important to realise the process doesn’t have to be unpleasant. Providing the other person agrees in writing, it is possible to get to get divorced or dissolve a civil partnership if you have been living separately for a period of two years. This could be the case even if you have been living under the same roof. You do not need the other person’s permission if you have been apart for five years. For some people, getting divorced or dissolving a civil partnership can actually mark the beginning of a new chapter in their lives.
Cohabitation agreement If you are not married or in a civil partnership, what should you be thinking about? Unmarried couples have no automatic legal rights to a share in assets such as a home – even if you have been paying the mortgage. Apart from getting married or entering a civil partnership, you can also consider preparing a cohabitation agreement. This is a legal document that can be enforced, rather like a contract. It sets out who owns what and how any assets will be divided should you separate. A cohabitation agreement is a very important thing not to put off. It needs to be carefully prepared and each of you must be given the chance to seek legal advice about it.
Finances Getting divorced or dissolving a civil partnership has a bearing on your finances. This is because it is one way of ‘unlocking’ the possibility of resolving your finances through a court order. When a couple has separated, they may have agreed between them how to divide anything they owned together. However, usually an informal agreement like this is not legally binding. Unless such an agreement is ‘converted’ into a court order, even you are divorced or your civil partnership has been dissolved, your ex could still apply to the court for something out of your estate.
Declaration of Trust If you are thinking of buying somewhere together and are putting more money towards your home than your partner, please do not ignore a Declaration of Trust. This is a legal document which acknowledges how much more you have contributed and provides that you should be compensated in the event that your home should be sold. So don’t put it off for another day, give The Family Law Co a call on 01392 421 777
www.thefamilylawco.co.uk
Shake-ups/launches/initiatives/awards
E X E T ER A N D E AS T D E VO N G E T TO WO R K
QUOTE OF THE ISSUE
“I LIKE A TRADITIONAL FOUNTAIN PEN FOR SIGNING DOCUMENTS”
Life on the road
STREET VIEW Fore Street’s summer dressing draws visitors into Exeter’s boho heart
A
s wonderfully eclectic and cool as it is, Fore Street/New Bridge Street’s location off the tourist track and on a steep gradient – meaning it’s literally below the sightline of High Street shoppers – has always posed a challenge for traders. This summer, however, Exeter Business Improvement District (BID) funding has paid for colourful bunting and hanging baskets to attract visitors – and it looks like it’s worked. The area stands apart from other quarters of the city, by dint of its wide range of independent shops selling everything from ethical fashion to musical instruments, creative businesses, and places to eat and drink from specialist coffee to Thai food – with a healthy injection of new arrivals in the past 12 months joining the more established names. The street’s decorations, framing the view of green fields and Haldon Forest in the distance, have been organised by Rivka Jacobs of Rivka Jacobs Millinery, with help from Hayley Maker of No Guts No Glory and Teresa of Teresa Green Shop, with the support of
Exeter BID. And it’s not just a summer initiative: the hanging baskets will remain until Christmas, when they will be replaced with festive lights. Says Exeter BID CEO Craig Bulley: “Fore Street and New Bridge Street are hidden gems in Exeter’s fantastic selection of areas to visit. We are delighted to support this quarter and help to highlight just how special it is.” Rivka Jacobs adds: “Fore Street is very creative. On this street you can choose from a huge range of fantastic, bespoke products. Where else in the city can you get hats, shoes, dresses, belts, a violin, jewellery and curtains beautifully made by hand, not to mention a picture framed and your hair cut? “There is also delicious homemade cake and food, fine vintage clothing, great cocktails. Visitors to our quarter have a lovely time. Fore Street is as unique as you are!” Twitter: @InExeter #InExeter Facebook: facebook.com/InExeter
Who just isn’t a Bic kinda guy? Find out on page 82. . .
5
THE BIG NUMBER
Number of seasons that Nuffield Health has been handling the bumps, bruises (and worse!) of Exeter Chiefs. . . Find out more on page 81
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BUSINESS INSIDER
FANTASTIC FOUR
New ‘Beach’ vases by Richard Glass for Teign Valley Glass
Our pick of the most exciting, intriguing or important local business stories right now Get those shoulders ready, people. . .
AWARDS RAMP UP
CLEAR THINKING
Exeter Living Awards 2017 planning continues apace with news of a new shoulder event: the Finalists’ Reception. The Awards will be held in the University of Exeter’s Great Hall on 6 April 2017. The value to finalists and sponsors is being extended via this new Reception. “We want to build on the wonderful success of the Awards this year by extending their reach,” explained event manager, Steph Dodd. “We know how much finalists enjoy the sense of anticipation of the great night and also how many business relationships were forged amongst them.
A recent £140,000 renovation at Teign Valley Glass has protected both the future and the past of the Bovey Tracey glassworks and studio gallery. The refurb came about when existing equipment reached the end of its working life, and new, cutting edge technology has resulted in a 47% reduction in site gas usage, as well as an increased workforce. The company, based on a historic pottery site on the premises of House of Marbles, was set up in 1981 with the aim of preserving Victorian glassmaking techniques. Today, it exports internationally and appears at trade fairs in New York and elsewhere.
“So we are creating this special additional event to bring together all our finalists and sponsors to congratulate them, and as a thank you.” The Exeter Living Awards Finalists’ Reception will be held in the city on 8 March (venue to be confirmed). First sponsors include Princesshay and Wilkinson Grant. For sponsorship enquiries, please contact [email protected] or to be involved on the night, it’s [email protected]. Full details are on the site exeterlivingawards.co.uk with updates on Twitter @ExeterLivingAwd
For more: teignvalleyglass.com
ESSENTIAL PROPS
Anna Pryce of Nuffield Health Exeter Hospital presents the new signed contract to Geoff Parling and Rob Baxter of Exeter Chiefs
One of the leading providers of healthcare in the region, Nuffield Health Exeter, is to continue its support of the Exeter Chiefs rugby team for the fifth consecutive season. As official Healthcare Partners, the Nuffield’s strong relationship with The Chiefs has granted the team access to the quality care in both treating and preventing injuries that can be caused by the physically demanding sport. Senior player Tom Johnson suffered from an achilles problem which was dealt with by the medics at The Nuffield in time for the beginning of pre-season training: “These days a lot of the treatment we receive is designed to prevent, as much as treat, injuries. The Nuffield has excellent equipment and facilities which enable the medics to assess any niggles we have quickly and accurately. That’s not only a benefit to us but also the coaching staff, because they can plan for who is likely to be fit or not well in advance of a game. “What happens on the field is very much related to what happens off the field and the Nuffield are key partners in that.” For more: nuffieldhealth.com
80 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
BUSINESS INSIDER
BLOOMING HECK!
Things are looking rosy at St Leonard’s Flowers
St Leonard’s Flowers in Exeter has just celebrated its one year anniversary as an independent florist. Located on Magdalen Road, the shop spent 30 years as a franchise of a well-known internet florist but, under the new ownership of Steven Fox, the shop now offers personal, bespoke designs using fresh flowers, many of them British and locally grown, in unique arrangements. Over the last 12 months, St Leonard’s Flowers has built a strong reputation within the area for high quality, hand-tied bouquets, wedding flowers and funeral arrangements and a reliable in-house delivery service. Corporate clients include Nuffield Health in Exeter, and St Leonard’s Flowers was even chosen to design and supply flowers for Elton’s John recent Westpoint concert. Says Steven Fox: “We are proud to be part of the trendy and independent Magdalen Road, as there is a real buzz and sense of community in the area.” For more: stleonardsflowers.co.uk
EXETER CHIEFS NEWS The Chiefs 7s team were pipped at the very last moment of the Singha 7s final in agonising fashion. With time up on the clock, Exeter University student Pete Laverick was adjudged to have put his foot over a blade of grass in touch as he ran in the all-important winning try. With just one regular first teamer in their squad, the young Chiefs had already defeated Northampton and Sale en route to the final, and the marginal call was all that separated them from Wasps on their home track. Although there was initial disappointment, Ricky Pellow and his charges could take great solace from a very spirited showing – and it certainly proved a boost to the whole squad as focus changed to 15-a-side rugby. The pre-season programme proper commenced with the visits of Scarlets and Ulster to Sandy Park. Two wins is just the return the Chiefs would have wanted from the opening salvo of the 2016/17 season, and two wins is just what the team achieved. Minus 14 internationalists from their respective summer tours, the men in black still managed to easily brush aside the Scarlets 45-3. A sterner challenge came the following week with our European Champions Cup opponents Ulster, but the end result was still a win; a couple of late tries added some respect to Ulster’s efforts as they were 25-9 down with less than ten minutes to play.
PHOTO BY PINNACLE PHOTO AGENCY
Chris Bentley brings you the latest from inside Sandy Park Moray Low packs down versus Scarlets
With the season proper kicking off away to Wasps, followed by two home games against last season’s Champions – Saracens (11 Sept) and Harlequins (17 Sept) – the Chiefs couldn’t have a harder start, so the confidence gained in the pre-season will be of the utmost importance as the guys strive to go one better this term! This season, I am delighted to see that a player who has known life at the old County Ground as well as the 10 years of Sandy Park
is to be rewarded a testimonial. As the first Exeter Chief of the modern generation to achieve England recognition, Tom Johnson will celebrate his 10th season as a Chief with a sequence of events in and around the city. Having already had a quiz night, there is still the Great Gatsby-themed dinner, golfing day and a very special extravaganza planned to take place at Exeter Cathedral. For more: exeterchiefs.co.uk / tjtestimonial.co.uk
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BUSINESS INSIDER
ONE TO WATCH
MATTHEW CLARK Managing director and chartered financial planner at Seabrook Clark What was your first-ever paid job? First job was as a market data analyst at Reuters (now Thomson Reuters), based in their Tiverton office. This was my first job after graduation from Exeter University where I read Italian and German. Tell us about Seabrook Clark, and your role in it. I founded Seabrook Clark in 2013 and have had the pleasure of growing the business from scratch, employing talented people and being the managing director. My vision with Seabrook Clark is simple – to create a wealth management business focused on business excellence, tailored to individual people’s needs, and underpinned with a friendly and enjoyable business relationship based on trust and service.
Matthew Clark: can plan your finances and tell you whether to get wed or not. . .
Who have been your biggest influences and role models? My school, The Perse in Cambridge gave me an excellent start in life, teaching me valuable lessons regarding the pursuit of excellence and a determination to succeed. My father has inspired me in business, too. He set up an estate agency business in Suffolk and expanded successfully as I grew up. With regard to investment, I admire Warren Buffett – he also has a strong philanthropic desire, which I like as my business is firmly grounded with strong ethical principles.
What are some of the oddest matters you’ve ever had to resolve at work? As part of our personal concierge service, we have had clients ask for advice about how to deal with bats, whether to get married and if we would offer a fully escorted holiday service. What are Exeter’s strengths as a place to work? Small, friendly city, good for networking with fellow professionals. Good communication links and easy commute to some of the most beautiful places in the country on our doorstep.
What’s the best bit of career advice you’ve ever been given? Find what you enjoy and what you’re good at, have a clear vision where you want to get to and never give up. What do you enjoy most about your work? Meeting a wide range of people from all walks of life and helping clients make sound financial decisions. Money is an ‘enabler’ and it gives me great satisfaction to help clients make the most of their money so they can focus on other areas of their life. I enjoy discussing and explaining the impact of world events on investment markets with clients, as well as making sense of complex tax and pension legislation. Talk us through your average weekday... I am normally awake at 6am and listen to the Today programme whilst reading the Financial Times over breakfast. I tend to plan my day at home before leaving for the office arriving around 8.30am,. The mornings are focused on client meetings, which normally take place in our office. I will either have a working lunch in the office if there are more meetings scheduled for the afternoon, or go out for lunch with solicitors or accountants for networking. Afternoons are used either for more client meetings or for catching up in the office, as well as discussing client files with my team. After my team 82 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
leave for the evening, I finish any outstanding issues and prepare for the following day. I aim to leave the office by 7.30pm for a run or gym session on the way home.
And its weaknesses, or things that could be better? Roll-out of broadband is a frustration for many businesses in Exeter and recruiting good financial advisers and paraplanners is difficult. Also, with continuing expansion, traffic in Exeter, especially around rush-hour, is becoming a problem.
WE HAVE HAD CLIENTS ASK FOR ADVICE ABOUT HOW TO DEAL WITH BATS
What’s the one item in your workplace you can’t live without (not including computer or phone)? My fountain pen – I like a traditional fountain pen for signing documents and clients appreciate such attention to detail. Moreover, I am told that it improves my handwriting. What’s the best bit of advice you could give a young person wondering what to do with their life? Surround yourself with positive people, seize every opportunity and don’t let anyone put you off your dreams or dent your ambitions. What’s your motto for life? ‘He who does things for others does things for himself’ (my old school motto). For more: seabrookclark.co.uk
Henry Rising, Senior Investment Manager
Beginning to feel as if your investments are no longer individually managed? Hawksmoor Offers YoU
• Personally designed and managed investment portfolios crafted to suit your individual needs and preferences. As they change, so should your portfolio. • A high conviction approach when making investment choices. • Highly qualified, approachable investment managers. • The advantage that being privately owned means we have no outside influences that intrude upon our core promise to put you first.
For further details: Please call Jill Gill on 01392 410180 Email: [email protected] Web: www.hawksmoorim.co.uk a @hawksmoorim Hawksmoor Investment Management Limited is authorised & regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority. Past performance is not a guide to future performance. The value of an investment and any income from it can fall as well as rise as a result of market and currency fluctuations. You may not get back the amount you originally invested. Registered Address: 2nd Floor Stratus House, Emperor Way, Exeter Business Park, Exeter EX1 3QS. Company Number 6307442.
• Divorce or Separation • Conveyancing • Personal Injury & Inquests • Dental & Clinical Negligence
• Personal Disputes • Debt Recovery • Children Issues • Wills & Probate • Court of Protection
Streatham Rise, Exeter
A spacious Edwardian villa located in Exeter City. A 7 bedroom detached period property on this sought-after, private no-through road on the edge of the Exeter University campus. Double garage, expansive lawns and sun terrace. Within walking distance of the city centre, Exeter St David’s station and a beautiful, protected valley park. EPC: F
Guide price £1,000,000 KnightFrank.co.uk/EXE160025
To find out how we can help you please contact us edward.khodabandehloo@ knightfrank.com 01392 976178
@KFExeter KnightFrank.co.uk
New Instruction
EXCEPTIONAL PROPERTIES IN EXETER To find out how we can help you please contact us 19 Southernhay East Exeter, Devon EX1 1QD [email protected] 01392 976178
Guide price: £395,000 @KFExeter KnightFrank.co.uk
Pennsylvania, Exeter A very well situated and attractive 4 bedroom, detached property in a prominent position in this popular cul-de-sac. Garage, off street parking and charming rear garden. EPC:D.
New Instruction
Guide price: £695,000
Chudleigh, Devon Situated in this sought-after town on the edge of Dartmoor National Park is this unique spacious, period church conversion. 5 bedrooms, 2 reception rooms and kitchen/breakfast room. Enclosed private garden with lawn, terrace and ample off-street parking. EPC: F.
un O it nl re y m on ai e ni ng
East Devon
Exclusive development of only five units
including a farmhouse, cottage and 3 barn conversions set around a traditional courtyard.
The Granary | 4 bedrooms | UNDER OFFER The Farmhouse | 4 bedrooms | UNDER OFFER The Cottage | 2 bedrooms | UNDER OFFER
The Shippon | 2 bedrooms | 772 Sq Ft Stags Honiton Office [email protected] 01404 45885
V5 Exeter Living FP 180716.indd 1
Orchard Barn | 1 bedroom | UNDER OFFER Prices from £195,000 to £595,000
Savills Exeter [email protected] 01392 455 733
17/08/2016 12:29
THORVERTON OIRO £525,000
SIDFORD OIRO £300,000
A beautifully located and spacious village edge home surrounded by wonderful open countryside and superb rural views just a short walk to the village centre! Comfortable 5 bedroom accommodation with fantastic potential to improve or extend. A very rare opportunity. EPC=D. REF:DWE05057
A well located and rather handsome detached 3 bedroom 1930’s house of character and style in need of modernisation with enormous potential. Standing in a generous plot with good sized gardens and some sea “peeps” from the first floor. Includes double garage and timber single garage too! - Early inspection is advised to avoid disappointment. EPC=E REF:DWE05464
MORCHARD BISHOP GUIDE PRICE £399,995
BUDLEIGH SALTERTON GUIDE PRICE £750,000
A charming and beautifully presented Grade II Listed period house offering light and spacious accommodation situated in the heart of the village with a wonderful farmhouse style kitchen/diner and superb dining hall. Beautifully landscaped enclosed gardens and plenty of off road parking. REF:DWE05455
A modern split-level detached bungalow situated in a fine semirural location on the edge of Budleigh Salterton. The gardens and grounds of approximately one acre are particularly private as well as enjoying a fine south westerly sunny aspect. EPC=D. REF:DJB00376
01392 259395
www.whittonandlaing.com Sales / Lettings / Block Management / Chartered Surveying / Auctions
20 Queen Street, Exeter, EX4 3SN
Residential Sales, Lettings & Property Management
Blackhorse, Nr Clyst Honiton - Guide Price ÂŁ365,000 3/4 Bed - 1 Bath A superb opportunity to purchase this spacious detached family home situated on a generous corner plot with beautifully maintained gardens and superb views across the surrounding area. Offering versatile living space on the ground floor, the property has 3 Reception Rooms which provide the option of a fourth bedroom on the ground floor. The accommodation comprises Entrance Porch, Hallway, Living Room with bay window, separate Dining Room, family Bathroom, Conservatory and modern fitted Kitchen. To the first floor are three good sized Bedrooms, family Bathroom and a separate WC. There is gas central heating and double glazing throughout the property. In addition to the single garage is a driveway providing further off road parking for several vehicles. There is superb scope for extension to the side and rear of the house (subject to the necessary consents).
For more information please call: 01392 215283 or visit www.naomijryan.co.uk
Residential Sales, Lettings & Property Management
Heavitree - Guide Price £380,000 4 Bed – 2 Bath Presented in excellent decorative order throughout and located in a small cul-de-sac is this spacious 4 Bedroom semi detached family home. The property has been extended by the current owners to provide a superb kitchen/dining room which offers versatile living space. With gas central heating and double glazing throughout the accommodation comprises Entrance Hall, ground floor Cloakroom, Living Room with bay window, open plan modern fitted Kitchen/Dining Room, 3 first floor Bedrooms and family Bathroom. To the second floor is a spacious Master Bedroom with modern Ensuite Shower Room. Outside the property has a delightful decked seating area which leads on to the lawned area of garden which is well-maintained with well stocked borders. A garage is located immediately to the side of the house and a driveway immediately to the front of the house provides further off road parking. Early internal viewing is highly recommended of this beautiful family home.
Visit: 23 Southernhay West, Exeter EX1 1PR or email: [email protected]
Stand Out Service Sales, Letting & Property Management 01392 493113 | [email protected] | www.hometrust.co.uk
EXETER LIVES
Q&A
N
Answer to Where Am I? (page 11): The cliffs between Jacob’s Ladder and the Esplanade, Sidmouth
ame a famous chef and odds are you’ll pick one at whose elbow Tom here has learned his craft. The Exeter College graduate worked under Gordon Ramsay at Hospital Road and then at Petrus for Marcus Wareing. Returning to Devon, he worked under Michael Caines at Gidleigh Park before eventually becoming executive chef at ABode for three years. When his parents, veteran hoteliers, purchased the then-dilapidated The Salutation Inn on New Year’s Eve 2010, Tom was the obvious choice to put this fine spot on the foodie map. He’s also a powerboat world champion! Where do you call home and what makes it special? Topsham, The River Exe: the people and beautiful surroundings and the fact the water is on the doorstep. The seaside must be a fun place to work at this time of year… It’s great. Everyone is buzzing when the sun is shining. And the wonderful array of local fish that comes through the door is at its best at this time of year. What has been your proudest moment? I have many... Crossing the finish line second in class in a powerboat race around Britain in 2008, with my brother, in a boat we built; cooking for the Prime Minister with Michael Caines; winning a world championship in a Class 3b powerboat race in 2014; meeting Amelia [partner and The Salutation Inn’s hotel manager]; and, of course, opening the doors of The Salutation Inn. What’s the most embarrassing thing that’s ever happened to you? Drinking petrol thinking it was local cordial while out on the river, and ending up in hospital, is definitely up there. What’s your earliest childhood memory? Growing up in the grounds of The Imperial Hotel, Exeter, and the smell of my mum’s baking in the kitchen. If your nearest and dearest had to describe you, what would they say? Passionate, hard working, resilient and difficult – in a good way, of course.
TOM WILLIAMSHAWKES The head chef at The Salutation Inn in Topsham has too many proudest moments to choose from. . . When did you last cry? When I spent two hours in traffic last week in Marsh Barton. What issue, more than any other, makes you want to get up on a soapbox? Traffic lights. What’s your most treasured possession? My boats, my Union Internationale Motonautique (UIM) gold medal, and the kitchen, if that counts. Who would play you in a film about your life? George Clooney. Favourite places to eat, drink and shop in the area? Turf Locks and the River Exe Café are the best places to chill; El Olivo and The Galley for eating. I do like a cocktail on the rare nights we get out, so would head to The Bike Shed, and The Old Firehouse for late night pizza. If you had a time machine, which era would you return to and why? 1729 when The Salutation was built, to see the amazing job they did then.
98 I EXETER LIVING I www.mediaclash.co.uk
Who was your last text from and what was it about? My dad, Ed, about wild River Exe salmon, saying they landed some fish on the last day of the season. Do you have any hidden interests? Scrabble. What’s your favourite indulgence? Eating and drinking out in London. When we get the chance to have time up there, we try and cram in as many places as possible. If you had a superpower, what would it be? I would have gills so I could swim underwater. We’d better let you get on… What are you doing right after this? Grating a lot of beetroot for cured wild River Exe salmon gravadlax.
salutationtopsham.co.uk
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Which alcoholic drink is often referred to in historical literature as ‘The Green Fairy’? | Green Fairy | Public Domain Super Heroes | Fandom powered by Wikia
Public Domain Super Heroes
The Green Fairy Book (1892)
Created by
Andrew Lang
Origin
Andrew Lang's Fairy Books — also known as Andrew Lang's "Coloured" Fairy Books or Andrew Lang's Fairy Books of Many Colors — are a series of twelve collections of fairy tales, published between 1889 and 1910. Each volume is distinguished by its own color. In all, 437 tales from a broad range of cultures and countries are presented.
Although Lang only ever used color as a distinction for the title of the book, the titles have been given characteristics of their own over the years and used as stock characters (most recently by the ABC series, Once Upon a Time).
Notes
The alcoholic drink, Absinthe, is commonly referred to in historical literature as "la fée verte" (the green fairy).
| Absinthe |
British comedian John Bishop was born in which city? | Absinthe History and Legends, Whats Cooking America
Absinthe History and Legends
Absinthe –The Revival of the “Green Fairy”
Are you familiar with absinthe history and legends? A now legalized liquor that has long been rumored to cause madness. No other drink has inspired so much fear, so much awe, and allure as absinthe!
In French, the word “absinthe” means “wormwood.” It was also known as the “green fairy” during its heyday in France in the 1800s. The Green Fairy is the English translation of La Fee Verte, the French nickname given to absinthe in the 19th century. The nickname stuck, and over a century later, “absinthe” and “Green Fairy” continue to be used.
Absinthe is an anise-flavored liquor or spirit that is made by steeping wormwood (wormwood has been defined as the quinine of the poor) and other aromatic herbs (hyssop, lemon balm, and angelica) in alcohol.
The drink is distinguished by its dazzling emerald blue-green clarity, due to its chlorophyll content. When mixed with water, the liquor changes to cloudy white.
Pernod was the original absinthe. It is still distilled today, only without the wormwood. Other liqueurs used today as a substitute for wormwood are Ricard, Hersaint, Anisette, Ouzo, and Sambuca.
Definition of Wormwood: Wormwood is a derivation of the German word “wermut” or the Anglo-Saxon word “wermod,” and has a lineage to the word “vermouth.” Wormwood has also come to mean a bitter or mortifying experience.
Any of 250 strong-smelling plants with white or yellow flowers that are generally classed as weed. It is specifically the Eurasian perennial (Artemisia absinthium) that is so notorious in the cocktail world. It produces a bitter, dark-green oil once used in making absinthe, vermouth, and other bitters. Wormwood had been used medicinally since the Middle Ages to exterminate tapeworms in the abdomen while leaving the human host uninjured and even rejuvenated by the experience.
Absinthe is traditionally served with water and a cube of sugar. The sugar cube was place on an absinthe spoon (a small slotted spoon), and the liquor was drizzled over the sugar into the glass of cold water until the sugar was dissolved and the desired dilution was obtained. The sugar helped take the bitter edge away from the absinthe, and when poured into water, the liquor turned a milky white. The spoons themselves were often works of art, covered with filigree flowers and stars, or shaped like sea shells.
The effect of this drink was related to the degree of dilution, the amount imbibed, and the frequency of drinking. Physical effects of nausea, disorientation, hallucination and seizure were noted by the drinkers of absinthe. Of course, these effects can be noticed by anyone who drinks too much!
The popularity of absinthe lasted just over 100 years.
15th Century B.C.
Accounts in ancient texts dating as far as 1500 B.C. mention that wormwood’s medicinal as well as religious significance, and even a drink that was fortified with extract of wormwood. We will likely never know the exact origins of the very first absinthe ever distilled or the name of its original inventor.
1st Century A.D.
The first written detailed description of absinthe’s use and therapeutic properties was written by Gaius Plinius Cecilius Secundus (23 A.D.-79 A.D.), better known as Pliny the Elder’s. He was an Roman scholar, author, naturalist, and naval and military commander. He is known for his great compendium of the knowledge of the ancient world called Naturalis Historia (Latin for Natural History):
“There are several kinds of absinthe: that called Santonic from a city of Gaul, the Pontic from Pontus, where cattle grow fat on it and because of it are found without gall; there is none finer than this. The Italian is far more bitter, while the pith of the Pontic is sweet. About its use all agree, for it is a plant very easy to find and among the most useful; moreover it is honored uniquely in the rites of the Roman people in that at the Latin festival when four-horsed chariots race on the Capitol the victor drinks absinthe, because, I believe, our ancestors thought that it was an honouable reward to be given health….”
18th Century A.D.
1789 – 1792 – According to history or legend (not sure which it is), absinthe was originally developed by Dr. Pierre Ordinaire. He was a French doctor in self-exile due to political reasons, who was living in the Swiss town of Couvet. It was said that he discovered the plant wormwood while traveling in the Val-de-Travers. He mixed wormwood and other herbs with alcohol to create his 136 proof elixir. He used this elixir in his treatment of the sick. After many claims of miracuous healing powers, it became a cure-all. It was eventually nicknamed “la Fee Verte,” which means the Green Fairy.
It is also believed that Dr. Ordinaire either gave or sold his recipe to Mademoiselle Grand-Pierre, who then sold it to two sisters named Henrod in Couvet. Some historical information suggest that the Henroid sisters were making the elixir before Dr. Ordinaire even arrived in the area, and his is credited with being one of the first people to promote it. The Henrod sisters promoted the elixir commercially by offering sample of the elixir to be sold in nearby pharmacies.
1794 – Abram-Louis Perrenoud (1776-1851), a distiller by trade, living in Couvet in the Val de Travers region of Switzerland. Somewhere around the year 1794, Abram-Louis actually scribbled his recipe for absinthe in his diary.
1797 – A Frenchman named Major Daniel-Henri Dubied, a lace merchant, recognized the commercial potential of the formula and purchased the recipe from Perrenoud. Since he had to distilling experience, he employed Abram-Louis’ son, Henri-Louis Perrenoud, who had learned the distilling trade from his father. It is also said that the Major’s daughter, Emile, married Henri-Louis in 1797. In 1798, along with Dubied’s sons, they began producing absinthe under the name of Dubied Pe et Fils.
1805 – In 1805, after several permutations of partnership, Henri-Louis changed his surname from Perrenoud to Pernod and he established a distillery of his own in Pontarlier, France called Maison Pernod Fils.
19th Century A.D.
1847 – Absinthe’s progress from medicine to social poison started with the military. It is said that the demand for absinthe rose dramatically after the Algerian War (1844-1847) when the soldiers were given rations of absinthe along with their drinking water as a bacterial deterrent. The soldiers, now hooked on absinthe, began drinking it in peace time France, thus starting the first surge in absinthe popularity.
1870 – 1900 – Grape Phylloxera (a tiny aphid-like insect that attacks the roots of grapevines) attacked the root stock of vineyard all over the France and Europe. The epidemic devastated most of the European wine growing industry. Within 25 years, grape phylloxera had destroyed two-thirds of the vineyards in Europe. The price of wine skyrocketed and became scarce and very expense. The aristocrats bought and consumed what wine was available. The middle class (the artisans and tradesmen) began looking for a cheaper alternative to wine. As absinthe was already growing in popularity, it became the perfect alternative.
1880 – From the 1880s to the turn of the century, drinking absinthe during the cocktail hour in France became so popular that people begin calling it the I’heure verte (the green hour) for the liquor’s bright green color. Generally, from 5:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m., the cafes in Paris would be crowded with people drinking absinthe. At cafes, one could find policemen, laborers, bankers, and artists, all enjoying the elaborate absinthe ritual and all getting “loaded.”
Absinthe was the “beaverage du jour” for artists, writers, and poets in Europe. It was known as the drink of the Bohemians. The bohemians were self-impoverished artists, writers, musicians, free-thinkers, and counter-culture types. Manet, Toulouse-Lautrec, Degas, Picasso, de Maupassant, and especially Vincent Van Gogh are associated with absinthe. The “green fairy,” as absinthe came to be called for purportedly causing hallucinations, is thought to have encouraged Van Gogh to cut off part of his left ear. They believed absinthe stimulated creativity. Absinthe was believed to raise the drinkers consciousness, insights, and emotional experience to another level. It seemed that everyone indulged themselves enthusiastically; so enthusiastically in fact that alcoholism began to be a serious problem in France.
Men and women became enthralled with the ritual of presentation as well as with the appearance, taste, and excitement of the liqueur. Absinthe was one of the few drinks considered ladylike and women freely enjoyed drinking it in the dance halls and coffee houses where it was most commonly served. Picasso painted several haunting images featuring absinthe women drinkers.
Absinthe drinking was exported to New Orleans and its French Quarter, where the Old Absinthe House have been a tourist attraction for more than a century. Absinthe appeared in New Orleans liquor advertisements as early as 1837, but its popularity didn’t take off until the latter half of the 19th century with the opening of the barroom that would become the Old Absinthe House in 1874.
20th Century A.D.
At the turn of the 20th century, much of France (and parts of the rest of Europe and the United States) were on an absinthe binge. This wide spread popularity led to an attempt at its prohibition. Backed by the French wine growers, the temperance movement targeted absinthe as responsible for alcoholism, racial degeneration, and social instability.
1910 – Absinthe was banned in Switzerland
1912 – When the prohibition movements were underway, on July 25, 1912, the Department of Agriculture banned absinthe in America. One of the reasons it is banned in the U.S. is that it was thought to have caused insanity and hallucinations that drove drinkers to commit criminal acts. In other words, it was pretty much like any other alcoholic drink.
1915 – At the outbreak of the First World War, the drink was seen as a threat to the nation, and the National Assembly voted for the bill to ban absinthe as an act of national defense. The France banned absinthe use in 1915.
1990 – A revival of absinthe began in the 1990s, when countries in Europe began to reauthorize its manufacture and sale.
21st Century A.D.
Absinthe is once again legal in most of the world!
2007 – In 2007, after 95 years of prohibition, absinthe was finally authorized again for sale in the United States in bars and liquor stores. U.S. re-evaluation came after European distillers pressured American officials to conduct real research and approve authorization of selling absinthe.
March 5th was declared to be the unofficial National Absinthe Day in the United States. Absinthe Day is another way to celebrate the fact that the popularity of this drink has resurfaced in recent times.
How To Drink Absinthe – Chasing The Green Fairy
My daughters, Nancy and Brenda, and my granddaughter, Tabitha, spent several days in Las Vegas celebrating Tabitha’s 21st birthday. I still ca not believe that I am old enough to have a 21-year old granddaughter. The years just slipped away!
One of the things that I have wanted to do (my bucket list), was to taste absinthe. I had researched this drink for my web site in the past, and wanted to taste it. Now that it is legal again, this was my chance. My daughters have also wanted to taste absinthe. What a better time than on my granddaughter’s 21st birthday! I guess that gives me several excuses and reasons to partake and “Chase The Green Fairy.” Below are photos that I took while our drinks were being made and instructions for you to make your own absinthe drinks.
Traditional Method – Absinthe Drip (Traditional French Method):
Select a quality bottle of absinthe for your drink. The best tasting bottles of absinthe are in the range of 45 to 68% alcohol by volume.
A big part of absinthe’s lore comes from the rituals surrounding it’s consumption and the special equipment required to make this drink.
Pour the Absinthe into a glass. Place an Absinthe spoon (flat-slotted absinthe spoon) on the top of the glass and set a single sugar cube on top of the spoon. The sugar is traditionally used to balance the bitter taste of the absinthe. NOTE: If you don’t have an absinthe spoon or sugar cubes, you can just use granulated sugar, mixing it in any glass of your choice.
Various styles of absinthe spoons
Very slowly drip 3 to 5 parts of iced water onto the sugar cube to dissolve the sugar into the absinthe using an Absinthe Fountain (see above photo) or slowly pouring from a carafe or pitcher. It is important to do this drop-by-drop.
The water added to the absinthe must always be iced, as cold as possible. The advantage of using an Absinthe Fountain is that you could add ice cubes to the water to keep it cold.
The usual ratio for absinthe to water is either 1:3 or 1:5. A traditional 2 ounces of absinthe with 6 ounces water will equal an 8 ounce drink and fill most of the glass
The amount of water added to your absinthe drink is entirely at the customer’s discretion and taste.
The sugar cube will slowly start to collapse and drip into the glass, eventually leaving only a few drops of sugared water on the spoon. As water is slowly poured water into the absinthe, it slowly turns a milky white (opaqueness). This is known as the “louche” effect. According to the brand of absinthe you use in your drink, there is a considerable variety both in color and in the opacity of the louche.
As you pour in the water, watch the as it mixes with the absinthe. When the water-to-absinthe ratio reaches a certain level, the essential oils which are dissolved in the absinthe during distillation will emulsify with the water and create the opalescent and cloudy effect known as the “louche.” Seeing the absinthe drink gradually change color was considered a part of its ritualistic attraction.
When the sugar cube has almost completely dissolved, add the rest of the iced water needed (your choice) in a thin stream. Now mix it all together (this is called muddling) with your absinthe spoon.
Your absinthe is now ready to drink. Sip your drink and enjoy.
Option: Some people will add 2 or 3 ice cubes to the finished drink. You may do this, but it may be frowned upon by absinthe purists.
Non-Traditional Method – Bohemian-Style Absinthe (Czech method):
The Czech method is more dramatic, but burning absinthe is not traditional, but it makes an impressive exhibition. This method or gimmick was introduced by the producers of Czech Absinthe (considered a fake absinthe) in the 1990s. It is not recommended because it can be dangerous due to the high alcohol content in absinthe.
To do this method, drip some absinthe onto the sugar cube, sitting on the absinthe spoon, and light it on fire for approximately 1 minute. The fire will caramelize the sugar as it drips down into the absinthe in the glass (the caramelized sugar adds a little additional flavor, This unusual method uses 1/2 the water of the French method, and thus makes a stronger drink.
Sazerac Cocktail:
This drink is considered by historians as the first cocktail ever invented. It was originally created by a New Orleans pharmacy in the early 19th century to ward off tropical malaise.
1/2 ounce cream
4 ounces shaved or crushed ice
* Orgeat Syrup is a sweet syrup made from almonds, sugar, and either rose water or orange-flower water.
Instructions:
Combine all ingredients in a blender, blend for 5 seconds and serve in a chilled cocktail glass.
Ernest Hemingway’s Death in the Afternoon Cocktail:
A recipe verified in the 1935 humoristic celebrities’ cocktail book titled, So Red the Nose, or Breath in the Afternoon. Hemingway wrote: “This was arrived at by the author and three officers of the H.M.S. Danae after having spent seven hours overboard trying to get Capt. Bra Saunders’ fishing boat off a bank where she had gone with us in a N.W. gale.”
Ingredients:
Pour one (1) jigger absinthe into a Champagne glass.
Add iced Champagne until it attains the proper opalescent milkiness.
Drink three to five of these slowly.
Absinthe Martini – European style:
The mixture below was created around the beginning of the 20th century, when it became fashionable in France to drink American-style’ cocktails.
Ingredients:
1 1/2 ounces dry vermouth
1 dash absinthe
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Situated in Paris, what was the original name of the ‘Place Charles de Gaulle’? | Place Charles-de-Gaulle was merged with this page
4.5 ★ · 3.7K public ratings
| Place Charles de Gaulle |
Which spirit is traditionally used to make a Daiquiri cocktail? | Arc de Triomphe - Paris tourist office
Arc de Triomphe
Book
Description
Situated at the Place de l’Etoile, overlooking the Champs-Elysées, the Arc de Triomphe is the biggest arch in the world. It was commissioned by Napoleon in 1806 to celebrate his victory at Austerlitz. The architects Chalgrin, Joust and Blouet all worked on the monument. Sculptures were designed by Cortot, Rude, Etex, Pradier and Lemaire. Beneath the arch is the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, and each evening at 6:30pm its flame is rekindled. From the top of the monument, visitors benefit from a panoramic view of Paris, during the day and at night, and two viewpoint indicators. A museum retracing the history of the Arc de Triomphe, situated within the structure, completes the visit.
Viewpoint
View of Place de l'Etoile - Champs-Elysées - Concorde - the Louvre - La Défense.
Architectural style
Services and facilities of the establishment
Gift shop
Member of the Paris Museum Pass
Car park/Parking
Documentation in a foreign language
English
€12. Reduced rate : €9
Group tour
Reservation for groups only: [email protected] Guided visits are regularly organised: consult the programme des visites des Monuments Nationaux at http://arc-de-triomphe.monuments-nationaux.fr/en/
Free
Free on the 1st Sunday of the month between 1 November and 31 March.
Free entry for under 26s from the European Union as well as primary and secondary school teachers (except for temporary exhibitions).
Free for disabled visitors and an accompanying person, as well as jobseekers and those receiving French welfare benefits.
Free for young people and children
Under 18s
From 1 April to 30 September: 10am-11pm.
From 1 October to 31 March: 10am-10:30pm.
Late opening
April the 1st to September the 30th until 11pm
October the 1st to March the 31st until 10.30pm
Exceptional opening
Subway - Charles de Gaulle - Étoile
RER - Charles de Gaulle - Étoile
Bus - 22, 30, 31, 52, 73, 92, Balabus
Disability
Access facilities offered to disabled people
Adapted activities and workshops.
Accessibility for disabled people
-Physical disability: for visitors in a wheelchair, access to the Arc de Triomphe is only possible through a 'short-stop parking' on the roundabout. Please let us know in advance on +33 (0)1 55 37 73 78. There is a lift for visitors with reduced mobility up to the first floor (museum collection). Please be aware that the lift is preceded by 3 steps that require assistance. The terrace (40 steps to climb with two sharp turns) and the mezzanine are not accessible. Toilets are not adapted for those in a wheelchair.
-Audio impairment: guided tours in French Sign Language for groups. Reservation required by fax on +33 (0)1 44 61 21 41.
Find out all you need to know about accessibility in France's National Monuments www.handicap.monuments-nationaux.fr
You can download the brochure presenting the various tours on offer for disabled people in the 12 national monuments in Paris and the Paris region by visiting the 'Contacts par Région' tab.
Contact : [email protected]
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Which Victorian author lived at number 14 Great Russell Street, London? | A Walk through Bloomsbury
A Walk through Bloomsbury
01 Bloomsbury walk intro.mp3
The walk begins at Chancery Lane underground station and ends at Tottenham Court Road underground station. The walk will take about three hours to complete, depending upon the time spent in gardens.
Most of the gardens are open to the public during the day, with the exception of Gray's Inn, which is open during weekdays only from 12 noon to 2.30pm. Mecklenburgh and Bedford Squares are private, but open to the public during Open Garden Squares Weekend .The gardens are accessible to wheelchairs, except where stated.
Please be aware of your personal safety and security when walking. Use this walk in conjunction with a detailed street map and use designated road crossings where possible.
Street Map
Start
This walk explores some of the oldest and most notable of London's squares, from the time of Charles II to the reign of Queen Victoria. Along the way you will meet some of the many characters who have lived in the squares over the years.
For further information on Bloomsbury squares and gardens, please see www.bloomsburysquares.org.uk
02 Gray's Inn.mp3
Begin the walk at Chancery Lane underground station. Leaving the station, follow the signs for Exit 1 and Gray's Inn Road, which take you out into High Holborn. Gray's Inn Road is behind you, and the Reed Employment Agency is on your right.
Walk up High Holborn, past Holland and Barrett, towards the Cittie of Yorke pub. Just before the pub, turn right into Gray's Inn.
If you are doing the walk at a weekend, when Gray's Inn is not open, continue on and turn right into Brownlow Street. Turn left at the end, then right into Bedford Row and left into Princeton Street, which takes you to Red Lion Square .
Go through the arch straight ahead into South Square. Turn right and walk around the square, where No. 1 is immediately on your right. Continue around the square.
On your right is the Hall. Beyond the Hall is Gray's Inn Square.
If you are visiting this garden on Open Garden Squares Weekend, be careful to check the opening times.
London Gardens Online
Gray's Inn South Square
Gray's Inn is one of the four remaining Inns of Court, founded in 1370 as a place for lawyers to live and study. The Inn is named after Reginald de Grey, Chief Justice of Chester, whose London house was where the Inn began.
No. 1 South Square is where Victorian author and journalist Charles Dickens (1812-1870) once worked as an office boy. Gray's Inn provided a setting for parts of the action in several of Dickens' novels, including Martin Chuzzlewit and David Copperfield.
At the end of the square is a statue of essayist, historian and statesman Sir Francis Bacon (1561-1626), who lived at the Inn from 1576 until his death in 1626. As Lord Chancellor he has been credited with bringing greater fairness and impartiality to the English legal system. However, he was himself convicted of taking bribes, for which he was fined £40,000 and imprisoned in the Tower of London.
On your right is the Hall, which dates from 1560. It was the venue for the first performance of Shakespeare's play, A Comedy of Errors in 1594. The Hall was badly damaged in the Second World War, but has since been restored.
Beyond the Hall is Gray's Inn Square. Both this and South Square have 20th century garden layouts.
Between South Square and Gray's Inn Square, level with the Hall is a passage into Field Court. Go through here and the entrance to Gray's Inn Gardens is on the right.
There are gravel paths in the gardens, which may be difficult for wheelchairs. For a paved route, continue past the gates and follow signs for Atkin Building and Raymond Buildings. This will bring you to the exit on Theobald's Road.
To walk through the gardens, go through the gates. From here you either can walk along the main central path ahead of you and up a flight of steps at the end, or, for a route which avoids steps, bear left and walk along the parapet overlooking the gardens.
If you are visiting this garden on Open Garden Squares Weekend, be careful to check the opening times.
London Gardens Online
Gray's Inn Gardens
Gray's Inn Gardens were originally laid out by Sir Francis Bacon in the early 1600s with cherry, birch and groves of elms. There was a mount with a pavilion on the terrace to the west, a bowling green and a kitchen garden. The design was simplified in the mid-1700s by a 'Mr Brown' - probably Capability Brown.
The poet Shelley (1792-1822), who was severely in debt, used to meet his future wife Mary Godwin (1797-1851) here in secret on Sundays, which was the only day of the week when debtors could not be arrested.
The buildings on the west side of the garden date from the early 1800s. The dark grey buildings are Raymond Buildings, where Charles Dickens also worked as a solicitor's clerk, earning 15 shillings a week. Utterly bored, he amused himself by dropping cherry stones on the heads of passers-by.
London Gardens Online
Red Lion Square
Red Lion Square was laid out between 1698 and 1700 by Dr Nicholas Barbon (1637-1699), and was named after the nearby Red Lion Inn in Holborn. Barbon was one of the major developers in the early history of London squares, who pursued profits ruthlessly and dishonestly. He routinely ignored the law and often demolished buildings and built new houses without the permission of the owners. He forced through the development of Red Lion Square in his usual style, facing down fierce opposition from the lawyers of Gray's Inn, which led on one occasion to a physical fight between Barbon's men and the lawyers.
Most of the buildings around the square were replaced in the 19th and 20th centuries, but numbers 14 to 17 are houses originally built by Nicholas Barbon around 1686, which were re-fronted in the 19th century.
Number 17, where you are standing, was briefly the residence of poet and painter Dante Gabriel Rossetti (1828-1882), who founded the Pre-Raphaelite school of painting. Five years later, he recommended the rooms to his friends William Morris (1834-1896) and Edward Burne-Jones (1833-1898), despite their dampness and decrepitude. It was here that Morris first tried his hand at furniture and textile design, producing the first of the medieval-style furnishings which gave rise to the Arts and Crafts movement. Burne-Jones too began to paint the quasi-medieval subjects for which he later became famous.
In 1861 Morris, Burne-Jones and Rossetti set up a design business together at No. 8 Red Lion Square, to produce high- quality furniture and fittings using traditional craft methods. Their housekeeper, known as 'Red Lion Mary', did much of the sewing and tapestry, and also contributed to some of Morris's designs.
On the corner of Summit House is a plaque to John Harrison (1693-1776) who lived at number 12. He invented the marine chronometer, the first accurate nautical instrument to plot longitude.
Another 18th- century resident of the square, philanthropist and merchant Jonas Hanway (1712-1786) is reputed to have been the first habitual user of an umbrella in London. He teamed this with a sword, which by that time was a most unfashionable article of apparel!
The body of Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658) was popularly believed to have been buried where the square now stands. In 1660 when Charles II returned from exile, he took his revenge on all those who had supported the Parliamentary cause. The leading parliamentarians, Oliver Cromwell, John Bradshaw and Henry Ireton were all dead, but in 1661 Charles had their bodies dug up and given a trial for regicide. They were found guilty and sentenced to be hanged. The bodies of Cromwell and Ireton were kept overnight at the Red Lion Inn before being taken to Tyburn and hanged. One version of the story goes that the corpses were substituted for others, and Cromwell's body was in fact buried in Red Lion Square. Whatever the facts, the square is now said to be haunted by the men. Many claim to have seen the three, deep in conversation, walking diagonally across the square, only to vanish gradually as they pass the centre of the garden.
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Bloomsbury Square
In the central paved plaza there is a quotation engraved in the stone, from John Evelyn's Diary of 1665:
‘Dined at my Lord Treasurer's the Earl of Southampton in Bloomsbury, where he was building an oval square or piazza, a little town.’
After the Great Fire of London in 1666, wealthy Londoners did not want to return to the crowded, dangerous conditions of the old medieval City. The new estates being built by landowners in the countryside to the west of London offered a new way of life, and became London's first suburbs.
Bloomsbury, then on the northern edge of London, had, in the words of Dr Everard Maynwaringe,
‘…the best air and finest prospect, being the highest ground…A fit place for nobility and gentry to reside…there being the country air, pleasure and city conveniences joined together.’
The underlying pattern of Bloomsbury, with the diverse shapes and sizes of the squares, can be traced from the fields and closes from which the estate developed.
Bloomsbury Square was the centrepiece of the Bloomsbury Estate, which was developed from the 1660s to the 1850s. It was the first square to be called a ‘square’, and was laid out by the 4th Earl of Southampton as the forecourt to his grand London home. If you look to the north, you can see a terrace of Regency houses, built by James Burton, just beyond which the mansion once stood.
On the remaining three sides of the square, the Earl sold plots of land to builders on 42-year leases, at rents of around £6 per year, for the construction of what he stipulated must be high-quality housing.
Gradually, the up-market houses of the square were surrounded by more modest streets, shops and services, creating a new, self-contained estate for the wealthy classes who flocked to live there.
The enterprising Earl's new building-lease system proved very profitable, and was enthusiastically adopted by other aristocrats developing their estates around London.
The estate fell into the hands of the dukes of Bedford as a result of Lord William Russell's marriage to the Earl of Southampton's daughter, Lady Rachel, in 1669. Building slowed for the next century, but in 1800 the fifth Duke of Bedford, Francis Russell (1765-1802), was keen to continue development, and he had his mansion torn down to make way for more houses. By 1819, the estate was generating half of the family's considerable income.
Originally the garden at the centre of the square was very plain, with grass divided into eight parts by four crossing paths. In 1807 the Duke commissioned leading landscape gardener Humphry Repton (1752-1818) to design a new garden, which he laid out in the high style of the day with curving paths, a formal lime walk and shrubberies.
The square remained private, for the use of residents only, right up to the Second World War, when its railings were removed to be melted down for armaments. This allowed other people to come into the square for the first time, and in 1950 it was officially made public.
The gardens have recently been restored, combining elements of Repton's design with the earlier 18th-century layout of paths, and a mix of shrubs and herbaceous plants, laid out as they would have been in Regency times.
Many rich, famous and influential people have lived in the square over the years. Sir Richard Steele (1672-1729), one of the earliest journalists and an MP, who founded both The Tatler and The Spectator magazines, lived here in the late 17th century.
The Arts and Crafts architect Edwin Lutyens (1869-1944) lived here in the early 20th century. Already well-known as a designer of country houses, where he collaborated with the celebrated garden designer Gertrude Jekyll, it was during this time that he received his first major public commission for the buildings at the heart of Hampstead Garden Suburb.
Looking across to the west, you can see White Hall, where Dr Robert Willan (1757-1812) lived for the last 12 years of his life. A dermatologist, Willan was the first person to classify diseases of the skin. He was also an advocate of the curative effect of mineral waters, and in 1803 published the luridly-titled Account of the Dreadful Effects of Dram-Drinking.
Looking a little further to the left, No. 6 was home to Benjamin Disraeli (1804-1881), who lived here from the age of 13 between 1817 and 1824. Disraeli went on to become the leader of the Tory Party and was Prime Minister twice, as well as a popular novelist. The plaque on the house is dedicated to his father, Isaac, who was also a novelist.
The residence of William Murray, Earl of Mansfield (1705-1793), was also once in Bloomsbury Square. During the Gordon Riots of 1780, the Earl's house and precious library were attacked and burned by anti-Catholic rioters. In the subsequent trial of the riot leader, Lord George Gordon, the Earl himself was the judge. He treated the accused so impartially that Gordon was actually acquitted of the charges against him.
From the piazza, walk towards the northern end of the square, exit, and walk round to the statue of Charles James Fox.
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Statue of Charles James Fox
Charles James Fox (1749-1806), whose statue stands at the north end of the square, was a leading Whig politician in the late 18th century. His statue, by Sir Richard Westmacott, faces that of the fifth Duke of Bedford, also by Westmacott, along Bedford Place.
Fox and the Duke were both Whigs, and were political allies as well as great friends. Both were part of the glittering Devonshire set, the leading social clique of the day, which centred around the highly- fashionable Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire. The Duke declined to join in with the excessive gambling which his friends enjoyed, but he helped to pay Fox's considerable gambling debts, and left him £5000 in his will.
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Bedford Place
You are now walking through what was once the private garden of the Duke of Bedford's mansion, laid out by the fourth duke with groves of limes and acacias, gravel walks and a greenhouse for growing melons. The end of the garden had a raised terrace walk, which covered earthwork fortifications put up by the Parliamentarians to defend London during the English Civil Wars.
The statue of Francis Russell shows the Duke with one hand resting on a plough and the other holding some ears of corn. He was well-known for his interest in the improvement of agriculture and maintained a model farm of some 4000 acres at Woburn, his country estate.
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Russell Square
Russell Square was founded by the fifth Duke in 1799, and became the largest square in London, eclipsing Grosvenor Square. The houses were the work of builder James Burton (1761-1837), the most successful developer at that time. His workforce was so large, that In 1804, when Britain was threatened with invasion, Burton raised a 1000-strong regiment of men, with architects and foremen as officers, to protect the borders of the new town they were creating.
As with Bloomsbury Square, the Duke commissioned Humphry Repton to design the gardens.
Repton's design included a broad perimeter walk (with high hedges to screen the walk from the street) and a horseshoe-shaped central walk under two rows of clipped lime trees. There was a trellis-covered shelter at the centre, with eight seats, which cleverly concealed the gardeners' shed in a small courtyard at the centre.
The eighteenth century poets William Cowper (1731-1800) and Thomas Gray (1716-71) both had lodgings in Russell Square. Gray praised the square for its ‘air and sunshine and quiet’.
The 20th-century poet, T.S. Eliot (1888-1965), lived at 28 Bedford Place and had his offices at 24 Russell Square (in the western corner), where he was director of Faber & Faber, which specialised in publishing poetry. While here, Eliot endured increasingly bizarre behaviour from his estranged wife, who was mentally ill. She would march up and down the pavement outside the offices, wearing a sandwich board which proclaimed ‘I am the wife that T.S. Eliot abandoned.’ On one occasion she poured a tureen of hot chocolate through the letter-box of his office door. It was here at the age of 68 that Eliot proposed to his second wife, Valerie, who was 38 years his junior.
No. 21 was home to lawyer and MP Sir Samuel Romilly (1757-1818). From 1806, as Solicitor-General, he worked hard to reform the criminal justice system, reducing sentences and cutting the number of petty crimes which carried the death penalty, such as pick-pocketing. He was also a vocal opponent of slavery and supported the campaign for Catholic emancipation. In 1818, overcome with grief at the sudden death of his beloved wife, the grief-stricken Romilly killed himself.
Also on the west side of the square is a cabmen's shelter of 1897. It was part of a network built between 1875 and 1914 by the Cabmen's Shelter Fund. The Fund was founded by Captain George Armstrong, managing editor of The Globe newspaper, after he failed to find a cab because all the drivers were in the pub. Victorian cabmen were notorious for their drunkenness, having nowhere else but the pub to shelter in bad weather. The alcohol-free shelters offered tables and benches, with even a kitchen for cooking meals, and are still in use by London's cab drivers.
The Victorian architect G.E. Street (1824-1881) lived at 51 Russell Square. He designed more than 260 buildings, of which his masterpiece was the Royal Courts of Justice in the Strand, the stress of which drove him to an early grave before the building was completed.
No. 61 was where Mrs Humphry Ward (1851-1920) lived from 1881. She was a tireless supporter of good causes, an opponent of the death penalty and a prolific novelist, but was strongly opposed to votes for women. In a public debate on the subject in 1909, she lost by 235 votes to 74 and vowed never to take part in such a debate again.
Mrs Ward would not have see eye to eye with one of her neighbours, Emmeline Pankhurst (1858-1928), who lived at number eight with her family from 1888 to 1893. Emmeline was leader of the campaign for women's suffrage, and her daughters Sylvia (1882-1960) and Christabel (1880-1958) were considerably influenced in their own development as political activists by the people they met during their time here. The house was a centre for political gatherings of socialists, Fabians, anarchists, suffragists, freethinkers and radicals, and the young Pankhursts helped out at these meetings from an early age.
The theatre impresario Richard D'Oyly Carte (1844-1901) lived at 71 Russell Square. Founder of the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company, and promoter of works of Gilbert and Sullivan, he also built the Savoy Theatre and Savoy Hotel.
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Queen Square
Queen Square was originally known as Devonshire Square and was laid out in 1716 on land owned by Sir Nathaniel Curzon. It was renamed in honour of Queen Anne, the reigning monarch.
Houses were built around the square from 1713 to 1725, but the north end was left open to give a view of the villages of Hampstead and Highgate. The writer Fanny Burney (1752-1840) lived on the south side of the square in the 1770s, and wrote in her novel, Evelina, of the ‘beautiful prospect’ from her house ‘of the hills, ever verdant and smiling’.
An Act of 1832 provided that the square was to be ‘used and enjoyed by the inhabitants thereof in such a manner as the Trustees shall direct’. It was maintained by a rate ‘not exceeding one shilling in the pound, assessed on buildings around the square’.
Looking north, you will see a lead statue of a queen in ornamental robes, which originally held a sceptre. It is thought to be of Queen Charlotte, wife of George III, but could possibly be Queen Anne or Mary II.
A circular paved area on the north lawn marks the spot where a Zeppelin bomb fell during the First World War. Although around 1000 people slept in the surrounding buildings, no-one was injured. During World War 2 around 2,000 people slept in an air-raid shelter beneath the square.
To the south, the church of St George the Martyr, established in 1706, was once known as the sweeps' church because kind parishioners provided Christmas dinners for 100 chimney sweeps' apprentices or ‘climbing boys’. It was here that poets Ted Hughes and Sylvia Plath married in June 1956.
The Queen's Larder at number one dates from 1710. Tradition has it that Queen Charlotte rented a cellar under a beer shop to store the king's food while her deranged husband, George III was being treated by his doctor, Dr Willis, for his recurrent bouts of madness.
The square is also notable for the number of medical institutions based here. The London Homeopathic Hospital has been here since 1859, and the Italian Hospital since 1884, when Holborn was the main location for London's Italian community.
The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery stands on the site of No. 29, once the home of Jerome K. Jerome (1859-1927). Jerome was a railway clerk who became an actor and then went on to write the Victorian classic and bestseller Three Men in a Boat (1889).
In 1865, William Morris moved his furnishings business, Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Co, from nearby Red Lion Square into number 26. Morris and his family lived ‘over the shop’, which was on the ground floor, and a ballroom was converted into workshops at the back. It was during this time that Dante Gabriel Rossetti and Janey, William Morris's wife, fell in love – a relationship that was to cause Morris great pain, although he never tried to interfere.
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Coram's Fields
Coram's Fields are what remains of the forecourt of the 18th-century Foundling Hospital established by Captain Thomas Coram (1668-1751), a retired shipwright and entrepreneur, who was shocked by the numbers of destitute children he saw each day in the streets of London. About a thousand illegitimate babies were being abandoned, either dead or dying, each year, but there was no organization to care for them.
The Captain gained support for his project slowly, and after 17 years of campaigning and fund-raising, work began in 1742 to build the Hospital on 56 acres of Lamb's Conduit Fields, bought from Lord Salisbury for £6,500.
The Hospital was an instant success, and was a popular cause for the rich and famous. The composer George Frideric Handel conducted annual performances of his Messiah in the Hospital chapel, raising £7000. The artist William Hogarth was another supporter from the outset. Under his influence, the Hospital became a public art gallery, filled with work given by the best artists of the time, including Thomas Gainsborough and Sir Joshua Reynolds.
Jonas Hanway, the man with the umbrella and sword, whom we met in Red Lion Square, became a governor of the Hospital in 1756. He worked to expose the abuse of children, and in the 1760s was responsible for new laws which required parishes to take some responsibility for children in their areas.
The Hospital was demolished in 1926, but the colonnaded Georgian buildings of the original forecourt remain. The central pavilion, with its frieze of children at play, was built in 1936, and the forecourt preserved as a children's playground.
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Mecklenburgh Square
Mecklenburgh Square is part of the Foundling Estate, one of two new residential squares planned in 1790 by Samuel Pepys Cockerell to provide rental income to support the Hospital and to keep the surrounding land airy and open.
The square was eventually designed by Joseph Kay, as Cockerell had fallen out with the Hospital governors. It was named after Queen Charlotte, who before her marriage was Princess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. The garden was also laid out by Kay around 1810, and remains close to the original design, with mature planes and other ornamental trees, formal lawns and gravel paths.
Richard Henry Tawney (1880-1962), who is commemorated with a blue plaque at No. 21, was clearly fond of the square, living at four different houses: first at number 17, then number 44 and after the war at number 26, before finally settling at number 21. A Christian Socialist and professor at the London School of Economics, Tawney was one of the leading left-wing thinkers of the 20th century, a critic of capitalism and a strong influence on Labour governments after the Second World War.
Syed Ahmed Kahn (1817-1898) was a Muslim reformer and scholar who also lived at number 21. As a magistrate in the service of the East India Company, Khan saved thousands of British lives during the Indian Mutiny of 1857, and became the first Muslim to be knighted. He studied the English university system while living here, and founded a university at Aligarh on his return, which has educated many Indian Muslim leaders. He was a pioneer of Islamic modernism and social reform.
William Goodenough House now stands on the site of No. 37, where Virginia and Leonard Woolf lived from 1939 to 1940. Further along at No. 44 there is a plaque to Hilda Doolittle, American Imagist poet and writer. Doolittle was married to novelist Richard Aldington, whose mistress, an American called Dorothy Yorke, lived in another part of the house. In 1917 Dorothy had her friend D.H. Lawrence to stay, who wrote part of the novel Women in Love while he was here. Also at No. 44, the crime writer Dorothy L. Sayers lived from 1918 to 1921, where she created her most famous character, Lord Peter Wimsey.
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St George's Gardens
The three-acre St George's Gardens were once a meadow, bought in 1713 to make a burial ground for two churches – St George Bloomsbury and St George the Martyr, which you saw in Queen Square. It was the first burial ground in London to be located away from its church. The two cemeteries were originally divided by a brick wall and had separate entrances.
Among the many hundreds buried here was Zachary Macaulay (1768-1838), a leading figure in the campaign to abolish the slave trade in 1807, and editor of the Anti-Slavery Reporter. As a young man, he had worked on a plantation and witnessed the horrors of slavery at first hand. He was also governor of a colony of freed slaves in Africa. He died in 1838, five years after slavery was finally made illegal.
The burial grounds became full up and were closed around 1854, and after a period of neglect were re-opened in 1889 as part of the movement to make overgrown graveyards and other urban spaces into ‘open air sitting rooms for the poor’.
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Brunswick Square
Brunswick Square was built by James Burton between 1795 and 1802, under the supervision of Thomas Merryweather, secretary of the Foundling Hospital. The gardens were laid out and railed in 1799. The square was named after Caroline of Brunswick, the Prince Regent's wife.
Sadly, many of the houses around the square were bombed in the Second World War, and it has been extensively rebuilt. The garden has been recently restored to its 18th-century appearance, and its railings, which were lost in the war, replaced.
On your left, the University of London School of Pharmacy now occupies the site of Nos 27 and 38. Novelist E.M. Forster (1879-1970), author of books such as A Passage to India and A Room with a View, lived at number 27 from 1925 to 1930. He then moved next door for a further 10 years. His permanent home was in Surrey with his mother, but the flat in town allowed him to meet his various male acquaintances away from her watchful eye.
Virginia Stephen, better known by her married name as author Virginia Woolf (1882-1941), lived at No. 38 from 1911 to 1912, sharing the house with her brother Adrian, painter Duncan Grant and economist John Maynard Keynes, some of the key members of what later became known as the Bloomsbury Group.
A little further on, 40 Brunswick Square is the new house built in the 1920s for the Thomas Coram Foundation for Children on the part of the old Hospital gardens. The building now houses the Foundling Museum, with a notable collection of paintings, including works by Hogarth, Reynolds and Gainsborough. The museum has a pleasant café overlooking the square and accessible toilets.
Outside the museum is a statue of Captain Thomas Coram, by William Macmillan, installed in 1963.
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Tavistock Square
Also part of the Bedford Estate, Tavistock Square was established by the fifth Duke of Bedford in 1800, at the same time as Russell Square, although the garden was not laid out until 1825. The houses were built first by James Burton and completed from the 1820s by Thomas Cubitt. The present layout of the garden dates from the late 1800s.
Thomas Cubitt (1788-1855) was the leading developer of the early 19th century. He was the first large-scale commercial builder, employing his own workforce, including dozens of brick-makers, masons, plasterers and painters. He also had a professional staff of architects and surveyors, as well as his own legal and letting departments. From 1821 he completed Burton's work in Bloomsbury.
Looking to the south you will see the Tavistock Hotel, which stands on the site of number 52, where Virginia and Leonard Woolf lived from 1924 to 1939. Virginia wrote many of her best-known novels here, including To the Lighthouse and The Waves, and the house was also the first home of the Hogarth Press, run by Leonard Woolf.
Also in the square is a bronze bust of Louisa Aldrich-Blake (1865-1925), who was the first woman in Britain to become a Master of Surgery and went on to become Dean of the London School of Medicine for Women. She was also renowned for her skill at cricket and boxing!
The statue of Mohandas Gandhi, by Polish sculptor Fredda Brilliant, was unveiled in 1968. Gandhi (1869-1948) was the founding father of independent India, having trained as a barrister at the Inner Temple in London. After the First World War, he became the main Indian nationalist leader, directing the struggle against the British authorities, using non-violent tactics of ‘passive resistance’. He became universally known as ‘Mahatma’, meaning ‘great soul’, and eventually saw India gain independence in 1947.
A beech tree was planted in the square in his memory by Jawaharlal Nehru (1889-1964), a close associate of Gandhi's in the nationalist struggle, and the first Prime Minister of independent India from 1947 to 1964. Looking to the north eastern corner of the square, the British Medical Association headquarters now occupies the site of Tavistock House, an 18-room mansion, where Charles Dickens lived from 1851 until 1860. While here, he wrote Bleak House, Hard Times, Little Dorrit and A Tale of Two Cities. He also entertained other literary friends, such as Wilkie Collins (author of The Woman in White and The Moonstone) and Hans Christian Anderson. It was here that his marriage became increasingly strained. In 1857 Dickens fell in love with an 18-year-old actress, and the following year he and his wife parted. Two years later Dickens sold up and left London for good.
On the wall opposite the west gate at No. 33, is a plaque to barrister Mohammed Ali Abbas, one of the founders of Pakistan.
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Gordon Square
Like Tavistock Square, Gordon Square was established as part of the Bedford Estate in 1800, but Cubitt did not begin building until the 1820s. The square was named after Lady Georgiana Gordon, second wife of the sixth Duke of Bedford, and the garden was designed by the Duke himself with a complex layout of curving paths and shrubberies.
No. 46 was home from 1904 to 1907 to Virginia Stephen and her sister Vanessa, after the death of their father, Sir Leslie Stephen. The house was the early focus of what became known as the Bloomsbury Group, a network of artists, writers and critics, who delighted in ‘the pleasures of human intercourse and the enjoyment of beautiful things’.
Vanessa (1879-1961), who was one of the first abstract painters in Britain, married art critic and writer Clive Bell in 1907 and they continued to live in the house until 1916, while Virginia moved to Fitzroy Square and then Brunswick Square with her brother Adrian.
The ‘Bloomsberries’, as they were known, were notorious for their sexual entanglements, and have been referred to as ‘couples who live in squares and have triangular relationships’. The painter Duncan Grant had affairs with Lytton Strachey, John Maynard Keynes and Virginia and Vanessa's brother Adrian before settling into a long liaison with Vanessa herself. From 1915 they lived virtually as man and wife, co-existing quite happily with her husband Clive Bell, who had many love affairs of his own.
Economist John Maynard Keynes (1883-1946) moved into No. 46 with the Bells, and took over the lease in 1918, staying there for the rest of his life. He astonished his Bloomsbury friends by falling in love with, and marrying, Russian ballerina Lydia Lopokova in 1925. This was despite his apparently low first opinion of her, commenting to a friend: "She's a rotten dancer - she has such a stiff bottom." They settled down together at No. 46 and she continued to live there for two more years after his death.
Another member of the group was Lytton Strachey (1880-1932), who lived at Nos 41 and 51. Strachey was a well-known historical biographer, who wrote Emminent Victorians and Elizabeth and Essex. So many members of the group were living in the square, that Lytton observed to Virginia Woolf:
"Very soon I foresee that the whole square will become a sort of college, and the rencontres in the garden I should shudder to think of."
In the 1960s, Strachey's biographer, Michael Holroyd, found an unpublished work of Strachey's on Warren Hastings in the cellar of the house. It then got thrown out by accident, leading to a tussle in the street between Holroyd and the dustmen.
In a memoir of old Bloomsbury, Virginia Woolf wrote of Gordon Square:
‘It was astonishing to stand at the drawing room window and look into all those trees; the tree which shoots its branches up into the air and lets them fall in a shower; the tree which glistens after the rain like the body of a seal.’
Across the square is Dr Williams' Library, built in Tudor Revival style in 1848. There is a blue plaque to Robert Travers Herford (1860-1950) on the wall, who lived and worked here from 1914 to 1925. A Unitarian minister, Herford was a pioneering scholar of Judaism and confronted some of the most deeply-rooted assumptions of anti-Semitism at a time when, in the build up to the Second World War, such matters were of much more than academic significance.
Christ Church, which adjoins the Library, contains an altarpiece by Sir Edward Burne-Jones in memory of Christina Rossetti, poet and sister of Dante Gabriel Rossetti.
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Woburn Square
Woburn Square was laid out by the Duke of Bedford in the 1830s, and was named after his country estate at Woburn Abbey. The Green Man statue is by Lydia Kapinska.
Walk through Woburn Square, turn right outside the gate and continue along the pedestrian walkway into Torrington Square, which has been re-landscaped in contemporary style. Cross the road and walk to the right along the centre of the square. At the end is another view of Christ Church.
Turn back and walk up the square towards the University of London Senate Building, passing Birkbeck College on the right. Turn right at the end and leave the University precinct, turning left into Malet Street. Walk along to the zebra crossing outside the front of Senate House.
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Torrington Square
Much of the original building has disappeared, but the Georgian terrace containing number 30 remains. Christina Rossetti (1830-1894) lived here with two aunts from 1877 until she died, in great pain from cancer. She wrote many poems, including Goblin Market and the lyrics to the Christmas carol, In The Bleak Mid-Winter.
The Senate House served as the Ministry of Information during the Second World War. Its staff included many well-known writers, such as Evelyn Waugh, Graham Greene and Dorothy L. Sayers, and it became the model for the Ministry of Truth in George Orwell's 1984.
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Bedford Square
Bedford Square is the finest surviving Georgian square in London, laid out between 1775 and 1780 as a show-piece for the next phase of the Bedford Estate. Despite the success of Bloomsbury Square, the Earls of Bedford had been slow to continue developing. The fourth duke eventually drew up the plans for Bedford Square, and after his death, his widow forged ahead with the building.
The square's architect, Thomas Leverton (1743-1824), lived at No. 13 from 1795 until his death. His design was notable for the ‘palace front’, used on each side to make the terraced houses look like a single country mansion, and was much copied.
No. 13 was also the birthplace of Sir Harry Ricardo (1885-1974), designer of advanced aircraft engines, who lived here until 1911. He had a workshop in the basement of the house where he built his first internal combustion engine at the age of 17.
Looking back to the corner of Gower Street, No. 11 was where natural philosopher Henry Cavendish (1731-1810) lived from 1786 until his death. He had a museum, a laboratory and a library of some 12,000 volumes in his house. He was so reclusive that he ordered his dinner by leaving a note on the hall table for his servants. His female staff were under threat of instant dismissal if ever he were to catch sight of them. He was also notoriously frugal; but, when he died, he left a fortune of almost one million pounds to his relatives.
No. 6 was home to the deeply unpopular Lord Eldon (1751-1838). He served as Lord Chancellor almost continuously from 1801 to 1827, and vigorously opposed all the great reforming causes of the day, such as the abolition of slavery and an end to using children as chimney sweeps. He also helped to pass the Corn Laws, which led to a huge rise in the price of bread, a staple item in the diet of the poor. In 1815 an enraged mob gathered outside his house and began to smash windows. Eldon met them on the doorstep, brandishing a shotgun, while Lady Eldon ran for help. Luckily for the rioters, Eldon was such a bad a shot that his brother Lord Stowell once declared that he had killed nothing but time.
At No. 1 lived Weedon Grossmith (1854-1919), who illustrated and, with his brother George, co-wrote the comic masterpiece The Diary of a Nobody, published in 1892. Their character, Charles Pooter, was ancestor to many of the comic characters we know today, such as Reggie Perrin, Basil Fawlty and David Brent.
Number 53 was home for nearly 20 years to Lewis Cubitt (1799-1883), brother of the master-builder Thomas Cubitt, and himself the original architect of King's Cross station. Lewis was in partnership with Thomas during the 1820s, and it is thought that a great many of the buildings in Bloomsbury and Belgravia were built to designs by Lewis.
At No. 52 the poet and future poet laureate Robert Bridges (1844-1930) lived with his mother while in his early thirties. He was then doctor at both the Great Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children and Barts' casualty department, where he was expected to diagnose the ailments of more than 75 patients per hour. In 1881 he gave up medicine and left London for the country, to concentrate on writing poetry full-time.
No. 49 is where Ram Mohun Roy (1772-1833), a reformer and pioneer of Indian journalism, stayed in 1831 while in England to push for improvements to British rule in India. His involvement in the campaign against the practice of suttee, where widows were burnt on a pyre alongside the bodies of their dead husbands, led to the practice being outlawed in 1829.
Next door at No. 48, a Ladies' College was founded by Elisabeth Jesser Reid (1789-1866) in 1849. Just over 30 years later it became a School of the University of London, and in 1909 received a royal charter as Bedford College for Women. As well as being passionate about higher education for women, Reid was an ardent slavery abolitionist and in 1860 hosted Sarah Redmond, the first black woman to make a public lecture tour in Britain.
No. 44 was home to Lady Ottoline Morrell (1873-1938), famed for the many parties she held to court the leading artistic figures of the day. Henry James, Aldous Huxley, T.S. Eliot and D.H. Lawrence all came to her house, as well as members of the Bloomsbury Group. When she first met Eliot, she found him ‘dull, dull, dull’, but they became firm friends when they discovered a mutual love of music-halls, and visited many together. Ottoline was much ridiculed for her flamboyant style, with scarlet platform shoes, huge hats and elaborate costumes in highly coloured velvets and brocades.
At No. 42 architect William Butterfield (1814-1900) lived for the last years of his life. Butterfield was one of the leading lights of the Gothic Revival in Victorian architecture, and designed over 100 churches, as well as Keble College, Oxford. He was a ruthless perfectionist, who, when visiting stained glass workshops, would put his umbrella through any work he disliked.
Also at No. 42, critic and literary editor Cyril Connolly (1903-1974) lived in the top flat during the Second World War. He was famously greedy and lazy, preferring to spend the entire morning in bed and in his bath. He was also famously ugly, but apparently irresistible to women and he had many affairs. At the start of the London Blitz in 1940 he and some friends, who had arrived for tea, went up on the roof to watch an air raid, Connolly announcing: ‘It's a judgement on us. It's the end of capitalism.’
At number 41, novelist Anthony Hope Hawkins (1863-1933) lived from 1903 to 1917. He is better known as plain Anthony Hope, who moved here ten years after writing his swashbuckling thriller, The Prisoner of Zenda, in 1894.
Two well-known Victorian medical men lived at No. 35 at different times. Thomas Hodgkin (1798-1866) was a doctor, reformer and philanthropist who identified the glandular disease which is named after him. He campaigned against oppression of indigenous peoples, and was one of the founders of the Aborigines' Protection Society in 1838. He also did a lot of work to help London's poor, in particular persecuted Jews, often treating his poorer patients free of charge.
Also resident here was Thomas Wakley (1795-1862), who as well as being a doctor was also an MP, coroner and reformer. He founded Britain's leading medical journal The Lancet in 1823, which promoted medical reform, and introduced legislation in 1860 which outlawed the adulteration of food and drink. As a coroner, Wakley insisted on establishing the cause of all sudden or suspicious deaths, particularly among the poor, and exposing employers' negligence or mistreatment of their workers.
At No. 31, Sir Edwin Lutyens lived from 1914 to 1919, after he left Bloomsbury Square. While here, he became architect to the Imperial War Graves Commission and designed the Cenotaph in Whitehall as a memorial to all those who died in the First World War.
This walk was produced by the London Parks & Gardens Trust, with support from the Heritage Lottery Fund and English Heritage.
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Who plays Michael Douglas brother Conrad in the 1997 film ‘The Game’? | Autumn 2014 in London's Bloomsbury | Autumn 2014 in London | LondonTown.com
Autumn 2014 in London
Autumn 2014 in London's Bloomsbury
Autumn 2014 in London's Bloomsbury
Ming treasures are revealed at the British Museum and the Wellcome Collection opens its new gallery with 'The Institute of Sexology, just some of the highlights of spending autumn in Bloomsbury.
Ming: 50 Years That Changed China British Museum, Great Russell Street London, WC1B 3DG Exhibitions
British Museum, Great Russell Street, London, WC1B 3DG
Dates: 18th September - 04th January 2015
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Through spectacular objects from 15th century China, Ming: 50 Years That Changed China, the blockbuster autumn exhibition at the British Museum focuses on a little explored but spectacular period in the first half of 15th century when China became a global superpower. "There will be many surprises" in the exhibition, according to The Guardian, "including the world's first encyclopaedia and a form of imperial mini-golf." Ming dynasty objects dating from between 1400 and 1450 - exquisite porcelain, gold, jewellery, furniture, paintings, sculptures and textiles loaned by museums across China and the rest of the world - reveal a golden age, "a spectacularly dynamic and culturally fertile period" (The Guardian) when the capital was established in Beijing. And there's still time to see the Ancient Lives exhibition which uses the latest technology to see inside the cases of eight Egyptian mummies, the exhibition continues until 30th November 2014,
Germany: Memories of a Nation British Museum, Great Russell Street London, WC1B 3DG Exhibitions
British Museum, Great Russell Street, London, WC1B 3DG
Dates: 16th October - 25th January 2015
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A 1953 Volkswagen Beetle and a porcelain rhino are just some of the many objects from a 600 year period on display at the British Museum's Germany: Memories of a Nation, an exhibition backed by a 30-part BBC Radio 4 series marking the 25th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin wall. Covering a period from the height of the Holy Roman Empire to post Cold-War Germany, the exhibition reflects the shifts of borders that define German history and gives visitors an insight into Germany beyond the First World War. The exhibition features the work of great German artists, from Riemenschneider, Durer and Holbein to Kollwitz, Barlach and Baselitz, as well as a wide range of objects that includes prints and maps, coin and medals, spectacular metalwork, Meissen porcelain, Bauhaus furniture, and a stunning copy of King Charlemagne's Holy Roman Emperor crown, commissioned by Kaiser Wilhelm II in 1913 ahead of the Great War. While visiting the exhibition leave time to see 'The other side of the medal: how Germany saw the First World War' (9th May - 23rd November 2014) a free exhibition in Room 69a of the British Museum of medals made by artists who lived and worked in Germany between 1914 and 1919.
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While the Wellcome Collection undergoes a �17.5 million development project due for completion in spring 2015, the Bloomsbury venue, the legacy of pharmaceutical pioneer Henry Wellcome and home to a collection of intriguing displays on science, continues to inspire visitors with exhibitions in the galleries which remain open. From 20th November 2014, a new Gallery 2 opens with ' The Institute of Sexology ', a candid exploration of the most publicly discussed of private acts. Through more than 200 objects spanning art, rare archival material, erotica, film and photography, the exhibition - the first of its kind in the UK - brings together the pioneers of the study of sex. As well as looking at the work of those who have pioneered the study of sex - influential figures like Magnus Hirschfeld (nicknamed the "Einstein of sex" by the press of his time), Sigmund Freud, and Marie Stopes - the show also includes contemporary artworks exploring sexual identity. Autumn also sees the return of the popular Packed Lunch series with lunchtime talks from local scientists and while development works are on-going there are still plenty of spaces open to explore, including the new youth studio, which will be hosting its first collaboration in September.
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This autumn the British Library - home to the Magna Carta, the Gutenberg Bible, Shakespeare's First Folio and the Lindisfarne Gospels - invites visitors to explore the enduring influence that the gothic genre has had on literature, film, fashion, music and art through the work of Mary Shelley and Bram Stoker, Stanley Kubrick and Alexander McQueen. Terror and Wonder: The Gothic Imagination , from 3rd October, provides a comprehensive look at gothic literature through tomes ranging from Horace Walpole to Angela Carter . It promises to be 'beautiful, dark, inspiring and haunting.'
A small, free display (until Sunday 30th November 2014), 'The Grand Depart -Tour de Lead Graffiti' on Levels 2 and 3 at the back of the St Pancras building celebrates the Tour de France's fourth visit to the UK.
And, from Friday 14th November 2014, free exhibition 'Lines in the Ice' examines why Europeans are drawn to explore the Arctic and unearths the history of the North Pole's most famous resident - Santa.
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Closed for renovations during the summer, the Bloomsbury Theatre reopens in October with new toilets, an additional bar and new seats. The 535-seat Bloomsbury performance space owned by University College London, relaunches with Paul Foot, a comedian who pushes the absurd to the extreme, on Saturday 18th October 2014, continuing to uphold its reputation for comedy.
There are more laughs to be had at 'An (almost) Halloween Night of horror and comedy' on Sunday 2nd November 2014 with top comedians Charlie Higson, Stewart Lee, Josie Long, Steve Pretty, Joanna Neary, Johnny Mains, Robin Ince and a host of guests all taking part.
Vivienne Westwood, Zandra Rhodes, and Anya Hindmarch are just some of the top designers who have contributed to 'Peter Pan and the Designers of the Caribbean' brought to you by Interior Designers Pantomime. A fun, fabulous and funny night out in aid of the NSPCC, held from Tuesday 28th October 2014 until Saturday 1st November 2014.
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Visit the Charles Dickens Museum , Charles and Catherine Dickens's home from 1837 to 1839, where the famous Victorian author brought London to life. The author's life is remembered at the museum on Doughty Street, his only surviving London residence, through costumed tours which invite visitors to step back in time to 1839 when Dickens and his young family were preparing to leave for a journey to their holiday home in Broadstairs in Kent. Find out what happens during their absence as the housemaid guides you through the house and the secrets of the esteemed young writer and his growing family.
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Combining art with humour, this addition to London's museum-cum-gallery scene is refreshingly vibrant. One of London's lesser known museums, The Cartoon Museum is easily missed - dwarfed as it is by its neighbour, the British Museum - but it is certainly worth seeking out.
Autumn exhibition Never Again! World War I in Cartoon and Comic Art depicts and reflects on the 1914-1918 Great War and its long term effects, continuing until 19th October 2014.
And from 22nd October 2014 the Cartoon Museum's display centres on English painter, printmaker and pictorial satirist William Hogarth. In Hogarth's London the artist's images reveal the vitality and suffering, the highs and the lows of life in London 250 years ago.
The museum is spread over two floors, with curated exhibitions downstairs and a permanent collection of British comics and cartoons upstairs where they have a room set aside for events for older children.
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Bloomsbury is home to some of the oldest and most notable of London's squares, from the time of Charles II to the reign of Queen Victoria. Green spaces in the area include Gray's Inn Gardens in the heart of London's legal district, Bloomsbury Square - whose early 20th century literary occupants gave rise to the famous 'Bloomsbury group' - Russell Square and Coram's Fields with its delightful child-friendly playground.
Visit the London Parks & Gardens Trust website where you can download and listen to interesting stories of the many characters who have lived in the squares of Bloomsbury. The walk begins at Chancery Lane underground station and ends at Tottenham Court Road underground station and takes about three hours to complete, depending on the time spent in gardens. Most of the gardens are open to the public during the day, with the exception of Gray's Inn , which is open during weekdays only from 12 noon to 2.30pm. Mecklenburgh Square and Bedford Square are private, but open to the public during Open Garden Squares Weekend each June.
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Autumnal days and darker nights give Londoners the perfect excuse for settling in by a warm pub fire for a pint. Bloomsbury has more than its share of excellent and historic boozers.
On the pedestrianised Lamb's Conduit Street, near Coram's Fields , hidden behind an 18th century facade, is The Lamb , a beautifully preserved Grade II listed Victorian pub with a no-music policy which makes for a very peaceful pint. On the same street is the The Perservence , a good option if you're looking for a more lively place to drink with loud music.
Head to The Duke , an art deco gem of a pub on a Bloomsbury backstreet close to the Dickens Museum , for a mulled wine by an open fire after a trip to the house where Dickens penned Oliver Twist. Or try the Museum Tavern , an ornate Victorian pub just opposite the British Museum . Despite being the closest pub to the museum it's surprisingly authentic and frequented by Londoners.
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Dulcinea was the love of which fictional character? | Dulcinea | fictional character | Britannica.com
fictional character
Alternative Title: Dulcinea del Toboso
Similar Topics
Rocinante
Dulcinea, in full Dulcinea del Toboso, fictional character in the two-part picaresque novel Don Quixote (Part I, 1605; Part II, 1615) by Miguel de Cervantes . Aldonza Lorenzo, a sturdy Spanish peasant girl, is renamed Dulcinea by the crazed knight-errant Don Quixote when he selects her to be his lady. Don Quixote perceives Dulcinea as a golden-haired highborn young woman of incomparable loveliness for whom he will perform brave deeds as her paladin.
The name Dulcinea, like Dulcibella , came to be used generically to mean mistress or sweetheart.
Learn More in these related articles:
Don Quixote (novel by Cervantes)
novel published in two parts (Part I, 1605; Part II, 1615) by Miguel de Cervantes, one of the most widely read classics of Western literature. Originally conceived as a comic satire against the chivalric romances then in literary vogue, it describes realistically what befalls an elderly knight who,...
Miguel de Cervantes
September 29?, 1547 Alcalá de Henares, Spain April 22, 1616 Madrid Spanish novelist, playwright, and poet, the creator of Don Quixote (1605, 1615) and the most important and celebrated figure in Spanish literature. His novel Don Quixote has been translated, in full or in part, into more than...
Don Quixote (fictional character)
17th-century Spanish literary character, the protagonist of the novel Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes. The book, originally published in Spanish in two parts (1605, 1615), concerns the eponymous would-be knight errant whose delusions of grandeur make him the butt of many practical jokes.
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Date Published: May 07, 2010
URL: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Dulcinea
Access Date: January 19, 2017
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What is the duration of a round in men’s professional boxing? | SparkNotes: Don Quixote: Plot Overview
Plot Overview
Context
Character List
Don Quixote is a middle-aged gentleman from the region of La Mancha in central Spain. Obsessed with the chivalrous ideals touted in books he has read, he decides to take up his lance and sword to defend the helpless and destroy the wicked. After a first failed adventure, he sets out on a second one with a somewhat befuddled laborer named Sancho Panza, whom he has persuaded to accompany him as his faithful squire. In return for Sancho’s services, Don Quixote promises to make Sancho the wealthy governor of an isle. On his horse, Rocinante, a barn nag well past his prime, Don Quixote rides the roads of Spain in search of glory and grand adventure. He gives up food, shelter, and comfort, all in the name of a peasant woman, Dulcinea del Toboso, whom he envisions as a princess.
On his second expedition, Don Quixote becomes more of a bandit than a savior, stealing from and hurting baffled and justifiably angry citizens while acting out against what he perceives as threats to his knighthood or to the world. Don Quixote abandons a boy, leaving him in the hands of an evil farmer simply because the farmer swears an oath that he will not harm the boy. He steals a barber’s basin that he believes to be the mythic Mambrino’s helmet, and he becomes convinced of the healing powers of the Balsam of Fierbras, an elixir that makes him so ill that, by comparison, he later feels healed. Sancho stands by Don Quixote, often bearing the brunt of the punishments that arise from Don Quixote’s behavior.
The story of Don Quixote’s deeds includes the stories of those he meets on his journey. Don Quixote witnesses the funeral of a student who dies as a result of his love for a disdainful lady turned shepherdess. He frees a wicked and devious galley slave, Gines de Pasamonte, and unwittingly reunites two bereaved couples, Cardenio and Lucinda, and Ferdinand and Dorothea. Torn apart by Ferdinand’s treachery, the four lovers finally come together at an inn where Don Quixote sleeps, dreaming that he is battling a giant.
Along the way, the simple Sancho plays the straight man to Don Quixote, trying his best to correct his master’s outlandish fantasies. Two of Don Quixote’s friends, the priest and the barber, come to drag him home. Believing that he is under the force of an enchantment, he accompanies them, thus ending his second expedition and the First Part of the novel.
The Second Part of the novel begins with a passionate invective against a phony sequel of Don Quixote that was published in the interim between Cervantes’s two parts. Everywhere Don Quixote goes, his reputation—gleaned by others from both the real and the false versions of the story—precedes him.
As the two embark on their journey, Sancho lies to Don Quixote, telling him that an evil enchanter has transformed Dulcinea into a peasant girl. Undoing this enchantment, in which even Sancho comes to believe, becomes Don Quixote’s chief goal.
Don Quixote meets a Duke and Duchess who conspire to play tricks on him. They make a servant dress up as Merlin, for example, and tell Don Quixote that Dulcinea’s enchantment—which they know to be a hoax—can be undone only if Sancho whips himself 3,300 times on his naked backside. Under the watch of the Duke and Duchess, Don Quixote and Sancho undertake several adventures. They set out on a flying wooden horse, hoping to slay a giant who has turned a princess and her lover into metal figurines and bearded the princess’s female servants.
During his stay with the Duke, Sancho becomes governor of a fictitious isle. He rules for ten days until he is wounded in an onslaught the Duke and Duchess sponsor for their entertainment. Sancho reasons that it is better to be a happy laborer than a miserable governor.
A young maid at the Duchess’s home falls in love with Don Quixote, but he remains a staunch worshipper of Dulcinea. Their never-consummated affair amuses the court to no end. Finally, Don Quixote sets out again on his journey, but his demise comes quickly. Shortly after his arrival in Barcelona, the Knight of the White Moon—actually an old friend in disguise—vanquishes him.
Cervantes relates the story of Don Quixote as a history, which he claims he has translated from a manuscript written by a Moor named Cide Hamete Benengeli. Cervantes becomes a party to his own fiction, even allowing Sancho and Don Quixote to modify their own histories and comment negatively upon the false history published in their names.
In the end, the beaten and battered Don Quixote forswears all the chivalric truths he followed so fervently and dies from a fever. With his death, knights-errant become extinct. Benengeli returns at the end of the novel to tell us that illustrating the demise of chivalry was his main purpose in writing the history of Don Quixote.
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Varsovians are natives of which European city? | Statistics on European cities - Statistics Explained
Statistics on European cities
Maps can be explored interactively using Eurostat’s Statistical Atlas (see user manual ).
This article is part of a set of statistical articles based on the Eurostat regional yearbook publication. It presents data on European Union (EU) cities: the first part relates to demographic developments, with information pertaining to the resident population, an analysis of age structures and statistics on the citizenship of EU city dwellers; the second part provides information on housing, analysing the disparities observed in terms of the average size of households, the average price of houses, the proportion of lone parent households, and the proportion of lone pensioner households. These indicators are just a few examples of the wide range of data that is collected by Eurostat on cities .
Map 1: Resident population in European cities, 1 January 2012 (¹)
(inhabitants)
6 External links
Main statistical findings
Figure 1: Age structure of the population, national averages and selected capital cities from the Urban Audit, 2012 (¹)
(% of total population)
Map 2: Old-age dependency ratio in European cities, 2012 (¹)
(%, persons aged ≥ 65 years / persons aged 20–64 years)
Source: Eurostat (urb_cpopstr) and (urb_cpop1)
Figure 2: Disparities in the old-age dependency ratio in European cities, 2012 (¹)
(%, persons aged ≥ 65 years / persons aged 20–64 years)
Source: Eurostat (urb_cpopstr) and (demo_pjangroup)
Map 3: Proportion of the population who are native-born in European cities, 2012 (¹)
(% of total population)
Source: Eurostat (urb_cpopcb) and (urb_cpop1)
Map 4: Proportion of the population who are nationals in European cities, 2012 (¹)
(% of total population)
Source: Eurostat (urb_cpopcb) and (urb_cpop1)
Figure 3: Breakdown of population by nationality, selected capital cities from the Urban Audit, 2012 (¹)
(% of total population)
Figure 4: Disparities in the average size of households in European cities, 2012 (¹)
(persons)
Source: Eurostat (urb_clivcon) and (ilc_lvph01)
Figure 5: Disparities in the average price of a house in European cities, 2012 (¹)
(EUR)
Source: Eurostat (urb_clivcon)
Figure 6: Disparities in the proportion of lone parent households (with children aged 0–17) in European cities, 2012 (¹)
(% of all households)
Source: Eurostat (urb_clivcon) and (ilc_lvph02)
Figure 7: Disparities in the proportion of lone pensioner (above retirement age) households in European cities, 2012 (¹)
(% of all households)
Source: Eurostat (urb_clivcon) and (ilc_lvph02)
Built-up areas — defined as cities , towns and suburbs — provide a home to almost three quarters (72.4 %) of the EU-28 ’s population. As shown in this article , the quality of urban life in the EU is considered to be crucial for attracting and retaining a skilled labour force, businesses, students and tourists. However, the social and economic concentration of resources in cities can result in undesirable side-effects: for example, congestion or crime. Cities are therefore seen as both the source of and solution to economic, environmental and social challenges and, as such, they may be viewed as being central to achieving the Europe 2020 goals of ‘smart, sustainable and inclusive growth’.
Defining cities and functional urban areas
In 2011, work carried out by the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Regional and Urban Policy (DG REGIO), Eurostat and the OECD resulted in a harmonised definition of cities and their surrounding areas.
A city consists of one or more local administrative unit (LAU) where the majority of the population lives in an urban centre of at least 50 000 inhabitants (previously known as the core city).
A greater city is an approximation of the urban centre when this stretches beyond the administrative city boundaries (previously referred to as the kernel).
A functional urban area consists of the city and its surrounding commuting zone (previously known as a larger urban zone (LUZ)).
An example: three different spatial levels for the city of Dublin (Ireland)
City
Greater city
Functional urban area
As a result, the information presented in this article has been adapted to reflect the most appropriate definitions. The city statistics that follow are therefore sometimes based on greater cities, reflecting those cases where a relatively high share of the population lives outside of the administrative boundaries of the urban centre (for example, Athens), and those cases where several towns and cities have morphed into one greater city (for example, the greater city of Porto, which is made-up of five cities — Porto, Gondomar, Matosinhos, Valongo and Vila Nova de Gaia).
Demography
Number of inhabitants
Across the EU there is a diverse mix of cities: at one end of the scale are the global metropolises of London and Paris, while approximately half of the cities in the EU had a relatively small urban centre of between 50 000 and 100 000 inhabitants. Many of the EU’s largest cities (especially capitals) attract both internal and external migrants and their population numbers therefore tend to increase at a faster pace than national averages. This often implies a process of urban sprawl, as previously rural areas in the neighbourhood of expanding urban areas are developed to accommodate the growing population.
The distribution of cities across Nordic regions, France and the interior regions of Portugal and Spain was relatively sparse
One of the most striking aspects of the distribution of cities across the EU is the close proximity of cities to each other: this can be seen over much of Belgium, the Netherlands, western parts of Germany, northern Italy and the southern half of the United Kingdom. By contrast, the Nordic Member States , France and the interior of Spain and Portugal (as well as Turkey) were characterised by a more sparse distribution of cities over a greater area.
These differences in spatial distribution may reflect levels of centralisation. On one hand, there are countries like France which appear to have a relatively monocentric structure based on Paris. This may be contrasted with the polycentric structure observed in Germany, where there is no single dominant city.
Almost 10 million inhabitants in Istanbul …
Map 1 presents the resident population of cities as of 1 January 2012: the size of each circle reflects the number of inhabitants of each city. Note that the map mixes concepts to capture the full extent of all urban areas (for details of coverage, see Map 1). On the basis of the data presented, the most populous cities in the EU in 2012 were London (8.3 million inhabitants) and Paris (6.7 million inhabitants in 2011); note that these data refer to the concept of the greater city. The next largest city in the EU was Berlin (3.5 million), while Napoli, Milano, Barcelona and Madrid each reported 3.1–3.2 million inhabitants; there were also large populations in the Turkish cities of Istanbul (almost 10 million inhabitants) and Ankara (3.4 million inhabitants) — note that these data refer to 2004. At the other end of the range, the smallest capital city in the EU was Luxembourg, which had 111 thousand inhabitants (data are for 2015).
… while the functional urban areas of Paris and London each had around 12 million inhabitants
An extended analysis based on the number of inhabitants living in functional urban areas in 2012 shows that the largest populations in the EU were recorded in London and Paris (12.2 and 11.8 million inhabitants; data for Paris relate to 2011), followed — at some distance — by Madrid (6.6 million). The next largest concentration was the urban agglomeration of the Ruhrgebiet in Germany (which includes, among others, Bochum, Dortmund, Duisburg, Essen and Oberhausen) with 5.1 million inhabitants, while the functional urban area of the German capital of Berlin also had a population of just over 5 million persons. There were four functional urban areas with between 4 and 5 million inhabitants, all of which were located in the southern EU Member States, namely, Athina (data are for 2009), Roma, Milano and Barcelona.
Age structure
Figure 1 shows an example of how the age structure of the population varies across cities in the EU. It provides a comparison of the age structure for eight EU Member States and compares this with similar information for each of their capital cities. The figure is split into two parts identifying those capital cities where the population aged 20–54 accounted for a relatively high share of the total population and those where the elderly accounted for a relatively high share.
Younger and middle-aged adults generally drawn to capital cities
The existence of greater opportunities for higher education and employment offered by most capital cities might lead to the assumption that capital cities have a higher share of younger and middle-aged adults. Indeed, among those capitals shown in Figure 1, the share of persons aged 20–54 in the total population peaked in the Danish capital of København, at 61.6 % (compared with a national average of 45.9 % in 2013). In 2012, the younger and middle-aged adult populations of Amsterdam and Helsinki / Helsingfors accounted for between 7 and 8 percentage points more of the total population than their respective national averages, while the difference in Sofia was almost 6 percentage points. There were however some exceptions to this rule, as the proportions of younger and middle-aged adults living in Warszawa, Lisboa (data are for 2013) and Bratislava were lower than the respective national averages for Poland, Portugal and Slovakia.
One hundred cities across Italy and Germany with an old-age dependency ratio of at least 35 %
It is conceivable that older persons (aged 65 and over) might be tempted to move away from capital cities for their retirement to avoid some of the perceived disadvantages often associated with big cities, such as congestion and crime. However, in Madrid, Warszawa, Lisboa and Bratislava, elderly persons accounted for a higher proportion of the total population than the national average.
SPOTLIGHT ON THE REGIONS
Fréjus, France
The French town of Fréjus, which is situated in Provence on the Côte d’Azur, had the highest old-age dependency ratio (58.0 %) of any town /city in the EU-28. In 2011, there were less than two persons aged 20–64 years who were resident in Fréjus for each person aged 65 years or above. The only other towns / cities with old-age dependency ratios of more than 50 % were located just over the border in Liguria on the Italian Riviera, with ratios of 51.2 % in Savona and 52.1 % in Sanremo (data are for 2012).
©: Christian Musat / Shutterstock.com
The ratio between the number of older persons and those aged 20–64 is sometimes referred to as the old-age dependency ratio , and this is shown in Map 2. In 2012, the majority of the cities with an old-age dependency rate of 35 % or more (as shown by the darkest shade in the map) were located in Italy and Germany; together, these two Member States counted 100 such cities.
Aside from Germany, the distribution of these cities with relatively high old-age dependency ratios was often close to a coastline (including popular retirement destinations), with particularly high concentrations on the Italian Adriatic coast and the Mediterranean coast from southern France into northern Italy.
In 2012, there were only three cities in the EU where the old-age dependency ratio exceeded 50 % and all three of them were located on the Mediterranean coast. The highest old-age dependency ratio was recorded in the French resort of Fréjus (58.0 %; data are for 2011), while the other two cities were located just over the border in the Italian towns of Sanremo and Savona. However, the French and Italian Riviera was not the only coastal region that seemingly attracted retirees, as relatively high old-age dependency ratios (of at least 40 %) were recorded elsewhere on the coasts of France (Bayonne and Toulon), Spain (Ferrol in Galicia and Torrevieja on the Costa Blanca), the United Kingdom (Waveney in Suffolk, Eastbourne and Torbay (both on the south coast)) and Belgium (Oostende).
The largest cities with a population of at least 500 thousand inhabitants and an old-age dependency rate of at least 35 % included: the Italian cities of Roma, Milano, Torino and Genova; Nice in the south-east of France (data are for 2011); the German city of Essen in the Ruhr valley; and the Portuguese capital of Lisboa (data are for 2013).
Relatively few old persons living in satellite cities around the Spanish and French capitals
In 2012, there were only four cities across the whole of the EU with at least 500 thousand inhabitants and an old-age dependency ratio that was less than 20 % (as shown by the lightest shade in Map 2). Each of these was a capital city, namely København, Amsterdam, Dublin and London; they were joined by 10 Turkish cities (including Ankara, Istanbul and Izmir) and the Norwegian capital of Oslo.
In 2012, the lowest old-age dependency ratio in a city in the EU was 9.2 % in the southern Romanian city of Slatina, while two suburban areas close to Madrid — Fuenlabrada and Parla — had the second and third lowest ratios (9.8 % and 10.6 %). This pattern of relatively low old-age dependency ratios observed for suburban areas around the Spanish capital extended to Coslada, Las Rozas de Madrid and Torrejón de Ardoz (all of which reported rates of less than 15 %) and was repeated around the French capital, as the cities of Marne la Vallée, Cergy-Pontoise and Saint-Quentin en Yvelines (which are all situated within a radius of no more than 20 km from central Paris) also recorded old-age dependency ratios that were below 15 %.
Several reasons may underlie these patterns: young people may be unable to afford to buy or rent in city centres (especially in capital cities) and instead choose to live in the surrounding suburbs, while families may choose to move to the suburbs to have more living space, and older people might move out of the suburbs to retire to the countryside or the coast.
A low proportion of the elderly were living in cities in Bulgaria, Denmark, Croatia, Cyprus, Luxembourg and Romania
Figure 2 provides an alternative analysis of the range of old-age dependency ratios across cities. It confirms that the elderly generally tended to preferred or chose to live outside the EU’s capital cities. There were some exceptions, with relatively high old-age dependency ratios in Madrid, Warszawa, Lisboa and Bratislava, while the old-age dependency ratios of three other capitals, Praha, Roma and Ljubljana, were also above their respective national averages.
In Bulgaria, Denmark, Croatia, Cyprus, Luxembourg and Romania, the national average for the old-age dependency ratio was above the range shown for all cities: in other words, each of these EU Member States was characterised by a relatively low share of its elderly population living in cities; this was also the case in Norway.
Native and foreign-born populations, national and non-national citizens
The free movement of EU nationals within the Union, unrest in a number of neighbouring countries around the EU, migrant flows and asylum seekers are just some of the many reasons why cities in the EU have become more culturally and ethnically diverse. Indeed, most EU cities have seen their share of non-nationals grow in recent decades.
Map 3 analyses the share of the total population that are native-born, in other words, those persons born in the same Member State for which the data are reported, irrespective of their citizenship; note that there are no data available for several of the EU Member States (including Denmark, Greece, Croatia, Italy, Cyprus, Luxembourg, Malta, most cities in the Netherlands, Austria, Romania and Slovakia).
The share of the native-born population in the total number of inhabitants was relatively low in a band of cities running from the Baltic Member States, through the capitals of the Nordic Member States, across most of Germany into Switzerland and southern France, before finishing on the eastern and southern coasts of Spain. To the north and west of this band, there were a number of major cities in Ireland, France and the United Kingdom where the native-born population accounted for a relatively low share of the total population, while to the south and east of this band the share of the native-born population was high in almost every city.
Bulgarian and Polish cities were often populated almost entirely by native-born inhabitants
There were 112 cities in 2012 where at least 95 % of the population was native-born. In every one of the Bulgarian and Polish cities shown in Map 3 the share of the native-born population was at least 95 %, while in Hungary all but one of the cities shown reported a similarly high share. In absolute terms, there were 33 cities in Poland, 22 in the United Kingdom and 18 cities in Bulgaria where the native-born population accounted for at least 19 out of 20 residents; this was also the case in 7 or 8 cities from each of Spain, France and Hungary.
There were only three relatively large EU cities (with a population of at least 500 000 inhabitants) where the share of the native-born population rose above 95 %: the Bulgarian capital of Sofia (98.1 %) and the two Polish cities of Lódz and Poznan (both 98.8 %). By contrast, there were eight cities in the EU with in excess of 500 000 inhabitants where more than 25 % of the population had been born in another country: four German cities (Frankfurt am Main, München, Nürnberg and Stuttgart), three capital cities (Bruxelles / Brussel, Amsterdam and London) and the Belgian city of Antwerpen; this was also the case in the Swiss city of Zürich. In London, the largest city in the EU, less than two thirds (63.3 % in 2011) of the population was native-born.
SPOTLIGHT ON THE REGIONS
Luxembourg, Luxembourg
The share of foreign citizens in the total population of Luxembourg city was close to two thirds in 2009. Nationals accounted for 36.2 % of the resident population, which was the lowest proportion for any city in the EU-28. Indeed, there were only three towns / cities across the whole of the EU where less than half the population was composed of nationals; the other two being Narva, the third largest city in Estonia (which is located close to the Russian border) and Torrevieja, a coastal city in south-east Spain on the Costa Blanca (that is popular place for foreign citizens to retire).
©: Copyright: INTERPIXELS / Shutterstock.com
Some coastal resorts in Spain were inhabited by a high proportion of people born in other EU Member States
Looking in more detail, Torrevieja, a Spanish coastal resort located on the Costa Blanca to the south of Alicante, was the only city in the EU to report that less than half (44.8 % in 2012) of its total number of inhabitants were native-born — largely due to a relatively high number of inhabitants born in other EU Member States (principally, the United Kingdom, Germany and the Nordic Member States).
It is interesting to note that a similar pattern was repeated on the same coast, to the north of Alicante, in Benidorm (37.1 % of the population was born outside of Spain) and in the more southerly Spanish coastal resorts of Fuengirola, Marbella and Torremolinos (all on the Costa del Sol); these were the only Spanish cities where more than 30 % of the population was born in another country, with the bulk of their inhabitants coming from other, more northerly, EU Member States.
Outside of Spain, there were just two other cities in the EU where the share of the population born outside the reporting Member State was higher than 40 % in 2012. The first of these was the Estonian city of Narva that is located on its eastern border with Russia, where (according to population and migration statistics) most non-native-born people were from Russia, Belarus or Ukraine. The other was the Belgian capital of Bruxelles / Brussel, where those born abroad principally originated from other EU Member States (France, Italy, Spain, Poland and Romania) or from Morocco, Turkey and sub-Saharan former colonies (the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda and Burundi). Among the non-member countries presented in Map 3, there were three Swiss cities — Genève, Lausanne and Lugano — where close to half of the population was not native-born.
Nationals accounted for just over one third of the population of Luxembourg city …
Map 4 provides a contrasting analysis, namely, the share of the total population who are nationals (in other words, those who have the citizenship of the Member State in which they live). The division between national and foreign citizens depends, at least to some degree, on the inclination or possibility for foreign citizens to take the citizenship of the Member State they are living in.
In Luxembourg city, nationals accounted for just over one third (36.2 %) of the total population in 2009, which was the lowest share among any of the cities for which data are available. There were two other cities where less than half of the population were nationals, namely, Narva (in Estonia) and Torrevieja (in Spain), while Derry (in Northern Ireland in the United Kingdom) had the fourth highest share of non-nationals (54.4 % in 2011, with its foreign population being predominantly of Irish citizenship).
Subject to data availability, there were only three cities with more than 500 000 inhabitants where nationals accounted for less than 75 % of the population in 2012 and they were: the Belgian and Latvian capitals of Bruxelles / Brussel and Rīga (data are for 2011) and the Swiss city of Zürich. Russians made up the largest group of non-Latvian citizens living in Rīga, followed by smaller proportions of citizens from Belarus, Ukraine and the other Baltic States.
… but for 95 % or more in Sofia, Vilnius, Bratislava and Budapest
Figure 3 provides a more detailed analysis of the breakdown of foreign citizens in capital cities (note that a range of different reference years are used). It confirms that more than 95 % of the populations in Sofia, Vilnius, Bratislava and Budapest were composed of national citizens. By contrast, there were only four EU capital cities where the share of nationals was below 80 %, namely, London (78.4 %), Rīga (73.9 %), Bruxelles / Brussel (66.2 %) and Luxembourg (36.8 %).
Figure 3 also shows an analysis of non-national populations, for those with the citizenship of another EU Member State and those who were citizens of non-member countries. There were five capital cities where non-EU nationals accounted for slightly more than one in ten of the population, namely, Berlin, London, Madrid, Wien and Bruxelles / Brussel. However, by far the highest share (25.5 %) of foreign citizens from outside of the EU was recorded in Rīga; this latter figure is principally due to a high number of recognised non-citizens who are mainly former Soviet Union citizens, permanently resident in Latvia although they have not acquired any other citizenship.
More than half of all the inhabitants of Luxembourg city were citizens of another EU Member State
A majority (53.5 %) of the population in Luxembourg was composed of foreign citizens from other EU Member States. The next highest share of EU nationals was recorded in Bruxelles / Brussel, at just over one in five (20.3 %) of the population; these relatively high figures may, at least in part, be explained by both Luxembourg and Bruxelles / Brussel being home to various EU institutions. Otherwise, London (11.2 %) was the only other capital city within the EU-28 to report that more than 10 % of its population was made-up of nationals from other EU Member States; a similar share was recorded in the Swiss capital of Bern, where 11.3 % of the inhabitants were EU nationals.
Housing
The EU does not have any specific responsibilities with respect to housing; rather, national governments develop their own policies. Nevertheless, many of the EU Member States face similar challenges: for example, how to renew housing stocks, how to plan and combat urban sprawl, how to help young and disadvantaged groups get into the housing market, how to promote sustainable development , or how to promote energy efficiency among homeowners.
Average size of households
The average size of dwellings across EU Member States reflects, at least to some degree, population density and housing concentration, but may also be influenced by variations in the price of land and housing, income distribution, as well as the housing stock available for rent or for purchase. Housing in rural areas tends to be larger (in terms of land area and floor space) than housing in cities.
Demographic changes and increased population mobility have resulted in a lower average number of persons per household. If these developments continue in the coming years this will be reflected in the further dissolution of traditional family structures, an increasing proportion of elderly people, and even more fragmented populations, thereby creating demand for a higher number of (smaller) dwellings, despite little or no change in overall population numbers.
The largest households were in Slovakia, where each household was composed of an average of 3.1 persons
Households in the EU-28 were composed of an average of 2.4 persons. In those Member States that joined the EU in 2004 or more recently, average household size tended to be somewhat larger and this pattern was also apparent in most of southern EU Member States. By contrast, the smallest average household sizes were often found in northern and western Member States (Ireland being an exception to this pattern). Among the Member States, the average size ranged from highs of around three persons per household in Slovakia, Bulgaria, Malta and Romania, down to close to two persons in the Nordic Member States, Estonia and Germany.
The disparities in the average size of households between the cities within each EU Member State were generally quite narrow. The widest dispersion was among Italian, Spanish and French cities. For example, in Italy the lowest average household size was in the northern city of Milano (1.7 persons per household in 2012), while in the southern cities of Matera (Basilicata) and Barletta (Puglia) the average size of each household was 2.9 persons.
Figure 4 shows that the national average for the number of persons per household was higher than in any of the cities in Ireland, Luxembourg, Slovenia, Hungary, Belgium, the Czech Republic and Austria, indicating that in each of these Member States the average number of persons per household was higher outside of cities.
Some of the EU’s biggest cities had a relatively low average number of persons per household. Indeed, using this measure among the cities shown, capitals recorded the smallest average household sizes in Slovakia, Poland, Ireland, Greece, Portugal, Luxembourg, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Belgium, the Czech Republic, France, Austria, Denmark and Estonia; this was also the case in Norway. In the remaining EU Member States — those where the capital city did not record the lowest average household size among the cities shown — the average number of persons per household in capital cities remained consistently below the national average.
The average number of persons per household fell to 1.7 in the German capital
Berlin had the lowest average household size among EU capital cities, with each household composed, on average, by 1.7 persons. There were a number of other capitals where households were composed of less than two persons on average, namely, Paris, Roma, Luxembourg city and Helsinki / Helsingfors; this was also the case in Oslo.
Average price of houses
For those who decide to buy a home, it is likely to be the single, most expensive purchase that they make during the course of their lives, while for those who rent, housing often accounts for a substantial share of their monthly expenditure. Homes are highly durable but require extensive financial and material investment to build and maintain, such that property owners in the EU often have a considerable amount of their personal wealth invested in ‘bricks and mortar’.
Figure 5 shows the considerable range of average house prices across EU cities. In 2012, it was in some cases possible to purchase a house for an average of less than EUR 100 000, while the average price of a house in several capitals was nearer to EUR 500 000.
Nationally, the average price of a house in Lithuania, Finland and Sweden (as well as Norway), was lower than the average price in any of the cities shown; this indicates that the average price of houses outside of cities in these northern Member States was lower than the price of houses in cities.
Particularly high house prices in capital cities
House prices were generally highest — for most EU Member States — in their capital city. This was particularly true in the Czech Republic, where the average price of a house in Praha (EUR 894 000) was almost five times as high as the national average; note that these figures are estimated and based on a limited sample. It was more typical to find house prices in capital cities around twice as high as national averages.
Subject to data availability, there was only one EU Member State — Spain — where the average price of a house in the capital city was lower than the national average. Note however that the highest house prices in Spain were registered in a group of satellite cities to the north of the Spanish capital, in the suburbs of Las Rozas de Madrid, Majadahonda and Alcobendas.
Spain was one of four EU Member States (for which data are available) where the average house price in the capital was lower than the price in at least one other city in the same Member State. In Germany, the highest average prices were in München (EUR 810 000), while Düsseldorf, Frankfurt am Main, Heidelberg, Konstanz, Stuttgart and Wiesbaden all registered average house prices over EUR 500 000. These prices were all considerably higher than in the German capital, as the average price of a house in Berlin was EUR 300 000. In Poland there were also several cities that reported average house prices above those recorded for Warszawa: among these, the highest average price of a house was recorded in the northerly city of Gdansk. In Finland there was a single city that recorded average house prices above those recorded in the capital, namely Espoo / Esbo (the second largest city in the country, just to the west of Helsinki).
Lone parent households
Across the EU, one of the main driving forces behind the fall in the average size of households has been the growing number of people living alone and the increasing share of single parent families. This may be linked to a wide range of factors, including: people seeking more independence; increased workforce mobility; a reduction in the longevity of relationships (including higher divorce rates); women generally outliving their partners; and changes in healthcare which allow a greater proportion of the elderly to live (alone) into very old age.
Lone parent households accounted for 4.1 % of all households in the EU
According to EU statistics on income and living conditions (EU-SILC) , in 2012, single persons with dependent children accounted for just over 4 % of the total number of households in the EU-28.
Figure 6 shows the distribution of lone parent households with children aged less than 18 across cities. The share of lone parent households in capital cities was generally slightly higher than the national average: the biggest differences were recorded in Italy and the Netherlands. By contrast, in the French, Austrian and Greek capitals, the proportion of lone parent households was lower than the national average as was also the case in Norway.
Figure 6 also shows that the proportion of lone parent households at a national level was often at the bottom end of the range for each EU Member State, sometimes below all values recorded for any of the cities, suggesting that a lower proportion of the rural population was living in lone parent households.
Lone parent households were relatively common in several Belgian, French and British cities, where they accounted for more than 10 % of all households. The highest shares in Belgium were recorded in the Walloon region for the cities of Charleroi, Liège and Namur, and in the capital city. Aside from Fort-de-France (the capital of Martinique in the Caribbean), there were three French cities where lone parent households accounted for more than 10 % of all households: each of these was located in the suburbs around Paris (Saint Denis and communauté d’agglomération Val de France to the north; and communauté d’agglomération des Lacs de l‘Essonne to the south). In the United Kingdom the prevalence of lone parent households was particularly high in and around London, as well as in Birmingham, Liverpool and Middlesbrough, and three cities from Northern Ireland (Derry, Belfast and Lisburn).
Lone pensioner households
According to EU statistics on income and living conditions, in 2012, some 5.6 % of households in the EU-28 were composed of a single person aged 65 years and over. This value is quite low when compared with the information presented in Figure 7 which is based on the proportion of lone pensioners (irrespective of their age); as such, some of the differences may be attributed to people retiring ‘early’, for example, out of choice or because of ill-health.
Women tend to account for a much higher share of the elderly living alone, in part due to their longevity. Indeed, differences in life expectancy between the sexes may explain why some EU Member States have a relatively high proportion of their elderly populations living alone.
The share of lone pensioner households peaked at 15 % or more in Italy, Denmark, Sweden, Croatia, Bulgaria, Lithuania and Estonia. By contrast, retired persons living alone accounted for less than 1 in 10 households in Greece, Spain, Cyprus and Ireland.
The share of lone pensioner households was relatively high (compared with respective national averages) in the capital cities of Portugal, Poland, the Netherlands and Hungary. An analysis of cities with more than 100 000 households shows that the highest proportion of lone pensioner households was recorded in the Italian city of Napoli (data are for 2008), with more than one in four households (26.1 %) occupied by a lone pensioner. Subject to data availability, there were six cities where the share of lone pensioner households stood within the range of 17.5 %–20 %. Of these, three more were Italian cities (Genova, Venezia and Roma), two were southern French cities (Toulon and Nice, already noted as popular retirement destinations), and the final city was Chemnitz (in eastern Germany). By contrast, in the capital cities of Denmark, Lithuania and Luxembourg, the proportion of lone pensioner households was considerably lower than the national average; this was also the case in Norway.
The national average for the share of lone pensioner households was lower in Austria, Hungary, Slovenia and Malta than the shares recorded for any of their cities, suggesting that areas outside of cities were characterised by a lower proportion of lone pensioner households.
Data sources and availability
Cities (Urban Audit)
Eurostat’s data collection on cities (the Urban Audit) is undertaken by the national statistical authorities, the Directorate-General for Regional and Urban Policy (DG REGIO) and Eurostat. It provides statistics on a range of socioeconomic aspects relating to urban life in more than 900 cities, each with a population of at least 50 000 inhabitants in the urban centre, spread across the EU Member States, Norway, Switzerland and Turkey; note that there may be considerable differences in relation to the latest reference period available for each city.
Indicator definitions
Population statistics for cities refer to the population at its usual residence, in other words, the place where a person normally lives, regardless of temporary absences; this is generally their place of legal or registered residence. Population numbers are a reference for measuring the general size of an urban entity and are used as a denominator for many derived indicators.
A foreigner is a person who does not have the citizenship of the country of usual residence, regardless of their place of birth. EU foreigners are persons living in the reporting Member State who have the nationality of another EU Member State. Non-EU foreigners are persons living in the reporting Member State with the nationality of a non-member country.
Native-born means a person who was born in the Member State of usual residence regardless of that person’s citizenship. Foreign-born means a person who was born outside of the Member State of usual residence regardless of that person’s citizenship.
The household-dwelling concept is the preferred household unit. It considers all persons living in a housing unit to be members of the same household, such that there is one household per occupied housing unit.
Context
Challenges to European cities
The manner in which cities across the EU are governed and their autonomy varies considerably across EU Member States, according to a combination of administrative layers, at a national, regional, metropolitan / urban, city or borough level.
Cities in the EU face a variety of challenges: ranging from ageing populations, through migration and the consequences of urban sprawl, to counteracting climate change. By contrast, cities attract investment, people and services, thereby stimulating creativity and innovation. There is often a paradox insofar as some of the most thriving cities in the EU have some of the highest levels of social exclusion and income disparities and while cities generally offer the widest range of employment opportunities, some of them have the highest levels of unemployment.
EU urban development policy
The European Commission has stated that ‘it is crucial that all levels of governance be aware of the need to implement effectively the Europe 2020 strategy’.
Urban development policy seeks to promote the economic, social and environmental transformations of cities through integrated and sustainable solutions. It can play a valuable role in the implementation of the Europe 2020 strategy, through a range of sectoral initiatives. Furthermore, urban development issues have been integrated, to a large extent, into regional and national programmes supported by structural and cohesion funds, principally the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and the European Social Fund (ESF) . For example, during the period 2014–20, each EU Member State should invest at least 5 % of the ERDF in sustainable urban development (to be decided by national urban authorities), while at least 20 % of the ESF budget is available for actions targeting social exclusion, poverty and discrimination, especially among vulnerable groups in society (for example, low-skilled workers, ethnic minorities, the elderly, lone parents or migrants).
Nevertheless, a number of commentators and stakeholders have argued that cities need to be more involved in the conception and implementation of EU policies. Indeed, despite their economic weight, there is no explicit urban dimension to the Europe 2020 strategy or its targets, although three flagship projects — the digital agenda , the innovation union and youth on the move — address urban challenges. As a result, there have been calls for an EU urban agenda to bring together the increasing number of sectoral policies that impact on the EU’s urban areas: for example, within the domains of energy, the information society, climate action, the environment, transport, education or culture.
Towards an EU urban agenda
In February 2014, the European Commission organised a CITIES forum, to discuss how to strengthen the urban dimension of EU policymaking; it was centred on a debate over the need for an EU urban agenda. Many stakeholders saw an opportunity to implement a framework to guide action, to bring coherence to a diversity of initiatives and policies, and to give clear roles for European, national, regional and local authorities. Europe 2020 was seen by many participants as a starting point for priority setting, although some argued that there was a need to go further both in scope and time, given that city development involves long-term processes and long-lasting infrastructure investments.
This was followed, in July 2014, by a European Commission Communication titled, ‘ The urban dimension of EU policies — key features of an EU urban agenda ’ (COM(2014) 490). It discussed a range of options for developing an urban agenda, including:
a role for the EU institutions as a facilitator of urban development;
further integration of sectoral policies so that these are better adapted to urban realities;
an instrument to involve cities and their political leaders in EU policymaking and policy implementation;
a tool to integrate the goals of the Europe 2020 strategy with cities’ own strategies.
The communication was also used to launch a public consultation on the urban agenda, the results of which were presented at a second CITIES forum held in June 2015.
See also
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Rigatoni is what type of foodstuff? | Statistics on European cities - Statistics Explained
Statistics on European cities
Maps can be explored interactively using Eurostat’s Statistical Atlas (see user manual ).
This article is part of a set of statistical articles based on the Eurostat regional yearbook publication. It presents data on European Union (EU) cities: the first part relates to demographic developments, with information pertaining to the resident population, an analysis of age structures and statistics on the citizenship of EU city dwellers; the second part provides information on housing, analysing the disparities observed in terms of the average size of households, the average price of houses, the proportion of lone parent households, and the proportion of lone pensioner households. These indicators are just a few examples of the wide range of data that is collected by Eurostat on cities .
Map 1: Resident population in European cities, 1 January 2012 (¹)
(inhabitants)
6 External links
Main statistical findings
Figure 1: Age structure of the population, national averages and selected capital cities from the Urban Audit, 2012 (¹)
(% of total population)
Map 2: Old-age dependency ratio in European cities, 2012 (¹)
(%, persons aged ≥ 65 years / persons aged 20–64 years)
Source: Eurostat (urb_cpopstr) and (urb_cpop1)
Figure 2: Disparities in the old-age dependency ratio in European cities, 2012 (¹)
(%, persons aged ≥ 65 years / persons aged 20–64 years)
Source: Eurostat (urb_cpopstr) and (demo_pjangroup)
Map 3: Proportion of the population who are native-born in European cities, 2012 (¹)
(% of total population)
Source: Eurostat (urb_cpopcb) and (urb_cpop1)
Map 4: Proportion of the population who are nationals in European cities, 2012 (¹)
(% of total population)
Source: Eurostat (urb_cpopcb) and (urb_cpop1)
Figure 3: Breakdown of population by nationality, selected capital cities from the Urban Audit, 2012 (¹)
(% of total population)
Figure 4: Disparities in the average size of households in European cities, 2012 (¹)
(persons)
Source: Eurostat (urb_clivcon) and (ilc_lvph01)
Figure 5: Disparities in the average price of a house in European cities, 2012 (¹)
(EUR)
Source: Eurostat (urb_clivcon)
Figure 6: Disparities in the proportion of lone parent households (with children aged 0–17) in European cities, 2012 (¹)
(% of all households)
Source: Eurostat (urb_clivcon) and (ilc_lvph02)
Figure 7: Disparities in the proportion of lone pensioner (above retirement age) households in European cities, 2012 (¹)
(% of all households)
Source: Eurostat (urb_clivcon) and (ilc_lvph02)
Built-up areas — defined as cities , towns and suburbs — provide a home to almost three quarters (72.4 %) of the EU-28 ’s population. As shown in this article , the quality of urban life in the EU is considered to be crucial for attracting and retaining a skilled labour force, businesses, students and tourists. However, the social and economic concentration of resources in cities can result in undesirable side-effects: for example, congestion or crime. Cities are therefore seen as both the source of and solution to economic, environmental and social challenges and, as such, they may be viewed as being central to achieving the Europe 2020 goals of ‘smart, sustainable and inclusive growth’.
Defining cities and functional urban areas
In 2011, work carried out by the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Regional and Urban Policy (DG REGIO), Eurostat and the OECD resulted in a harmonised definition of cities and their surrounding areas.
A city consists of one or more local administrative unit (LAU) where the majority of the population lives in an urban centre of at least 50 000 inhabitants (previously known as the core city).
A greater city is an approximation of the urban centre when this stretches beyond the administrative city boundaries (previously referred to as the kernel).
A functional urban area consists of the city and its surrounding commuting zone (previously known as a larger urban zone (LUZ)).
An example: three different spatial levels for the city of Dublin (Ireland)
City
Greater city
Functional urban area
As a result, the information presented in this article has been adapted to reflect the most appropriate definitions. The city statistics that follow are therefore sometimes based on greater cities, reflecting those cases where a relatively high share of the population lives outside of the administrative boundaries of the urban centre (for example, Athens), and those cases where several towns and cities have morphed into one greater city (for example, the greater city of Porto, which is made-up of five cities — Porto, Gondomar, Matosinhos, Valongo and Vila Nova de Gaia).
Demography
Number of inhabitants
Across the EU there is a diverse mix of cities: at one end of the scale are the global metropolises of London and Paris, while approximately half of the cities in the EU had a relatively small urban centre of between 50 000 and 100 000 inhabitants. Many of the EU’s largest cities (especially capitals) attract both internal and external migrants and their population numbers therefore tend to increase at a faster pace than national averages. This often implies a process of urban sprawl, as previously rural areas in the neighbourhood of expanding urban areas are developed to accommodate the growing population.
The distribution of cities across Nordic regions, France and the interior regions of Portugal and Spain was relatively sparse
One of the most striking aspects of the distribution of cities across the EU is the close proximity of cities to each other: this can be seen over much of Belgium, the Netherlands, western parts of Germany, northern Italy and the southern half of the United Kingdom. By contrast, the Nordic Member States , France and the interior of Spain and Portugal (as well as Turkey) were characterised by a more sparse distribution of cities over a greater area.
These differences in spatial distribution may reflect levels of centralisation. On one hand, there are countries like France which appear to have a relatively monocentric structure based on Paris. This may be contrasted with the polycentric structure observed in Germany, where there is no single dominant city.
Almost 10 million inhabitants in Istanbul …
Map 1 presents the resident population of cities as of 1 January 2012: the size of each circle reflects the number of inhabitants of each city. Note that the map mixes concepts to capture the full extent of all urban areas (for details of coverage, see Map 1). On the basis of the data presented, the most populous cities in the EU in 2012 were London (8.3 million inhabitants) and Paris (6.7 million inhabitants in 2011); note that these data refer to the concept of the greater city. The next largest city in the EU was Berlin (3.5 million), while Napoli, Milano, Barcelona and Madrid each reported 3.1–3.2 million inhabitants; there were also large populations in the Turkish cities of Istanbul (almost 10 million inhabitants) and Ankara (3.4 million inhabitants) — note that these data refer to 2004. At the other end of the range, the smallest capital city in the EU was Luxembourg, which had 111 thousand inhabitants (data are for 2015).
… while the functional urban areas of Paris and London each had around 12 million inhabitants
An extended analysis based on the number of inhabitants living in functional urban areas in 2012 shows that the largest populations in the EU were recorded in London and Paris (12.2 and 11.8 million inhabitants; data for Paris relate to 2011), followed — at some distance — by Madrid (6.6 million). The next largest concentration was the urban agglomeration of the Ruhrgebiet in Germany (which includes, among others, Bochum, Dortmund, Duisburg, Essen and Oberhausen) with 5.1 million inhabitants, while the functional urban area of the German capital of Berlin also had a population of just over 5 million persons. There were four functional urban areas with between 4 and 5 million inhabitants, all of which were located in the southern EU Member States, namely, Athina (data are for 2009), Roma, Milano and Barcelona.
Age structure
Figure 1 shows an example of how the age structure of the population varies across cities in the EU. It provides a comparison of the age structure for eight EU Member States and compares this with similar information for each of their capital cities. The figure is split into two parts identifying those capital cities where the population aged 20–54 accounted for a relatively high share of the total population and those where the elderly accounted for a relatively high share.
Younger and middle-aged adults generally drawn to capital cities
The existence of greater opportunities for higher education and employment offered by most capital cities might lead to the assumption that capital cities have a higher share of younger and middle-aged adults. Indeed, among those capitals shown in Figure 1, the share of persons aged 20–54 in the total population peaked in the Danish capital of København, at 61.6 % (compared with a national average of 45.9 % in 2013). In 2012, the younger and middle-aged adult populations of Amsterdam and Helsinki / Helsingfors accounted for between 7 and 8 percentage points more of the total population than their respective national averages, while the difference in Sofia was almost 6 percentage points. There were however some exceptions to this rule, as the proportions of younger and middle-aged adults living in Warszawa, Lisboa (data are for 2013) and Bratislava were lower than the respective national averages for Poland, Portugal and Slovakia.
One hundred cities across Italy and Germany with an old-age dependency ratio of at least 35 %
It is conceivable that older persons (aged 65 and over) might be tempted to move away from capital cities for their retirement to avoid some of the perceived disadvantages often associated with big cities, such as congestion and crime. However, in Madrid, Warszawa, Lisboa and Bratislava, elderly persons accounted for a higher proportion of the total population than the national average.
SPOTLIGHT ON THE REGIONS
Fréjus, France
The French town of Fréjus, which is situated in Provence on the Côte d’Azur, had the highest old-age dependency ratio (58.0 %) of any town /city in the EU-28. In 2011, there were less than two persons aged 20–64 years who were resident in Fréjus for each person aged 65 years or above. The only other towns / cities with old-age dependency ratios of more than 50 % were located just over the border in Liguria on the Italian Riviera, with ratios of 51.2 % in Savona and 52.1 % in Sanremo (data are for 2012).
©: Christian Musat / Shutterstock.com
The ratio between the number of older persons and those aged 20–64 is sometimes referred to as the old-age dependency ratio , and this is shown in Map 2. In 2012, the majority of the cities with an old-age dependency rate of 35 % or more (as shown by the darkest shade in the map) were located in Italy and Germany; together, these two Member States counted 100 such cities.
Aside from Germany, the distribution of these cities with relatively high old-age dependency ratios was often close to a coastline (including popular retirement destinations), with particularly high concentrations on the Italian Adriatic coast and the Mediterranean coast from southern France into northern Italy.
In 2012, there were only three cities in the EU where the old-age dependency ratio exceeded 50 % and all three of them were located on the Mediterranean coast. The highest old-age dependency ratio was recorded in the French resort of Fréjus (58.0 %; data are for 2011), while the other two cities were located just over the border in the Italian towns of Sanremo and Savona. However, the French and Italian Riviera was not the only coastal region that seemingly attracted retirees, as relatively high old-age dependency ratios (of at least 40 %) were recorded elsewhere on the coasts of France (Bayonne and Toulon), Spain (Ferrol in Galicia and Torrevieja on the Costa Blanca), the United Kingdom (Waveney in Suffolk, Eastbourne and Torbay (both on the south coast)) and Belgium (Oostende).
The largest cities with a population of at least 500 thousand inhabitants and an old-age dependency rate of at least 35 % included: the Italian cities of Roma, Milano, Torino and Genova; Nice in the south-east of France (data are for 2011); the German city of Essen in the Ruhr valley; and the Portuguese capital of Lisboa (data are for 2013).
Relatively few old persons living in satellite cities around the Spanish and French capitals
In 2012, there were only four cities across the whole of the EU with at least 500 thousand inhabitants and an old-age dependency ratio that was less than 20 % (as shown by the lightest shade in Map 2). Each of these was a capital city, namely København, Amsterdam, Dublin and London; they were joined by 10 Turkish cities (including Ankara, Istanbul and Izmir) and the Norwegian capital of Oslo.
In 2012, the lowest old-age dependency ratio in a city in the EU was 9.2 % in the southern Romanian city of Slatina, while two suburban areas close to Madrid — Fuenlabrada and Parla — had the second and third lowest ratios (9.8 % and 10.6 %). This pattern of relatively low old-age dependency ratios observed for suburban areas around the Spanish capital extended to Coslada, Las Rozas de Madrid and Torrejón de Ardoz (all of which reported rates of less than 15 %) and was repeated around the French capital, as the cities of Marne la Vallée, Cergy-Pontoise and Saint-Quentin en Yvelines (which are all situated within a radius of no more than 20 km from central Paris) also recorded old-age dependency ratios that were below 15 %.
Several reasons may underlie these patterns: young people may be unable to afford to buy or rent in city centres (especially in capital cities) and instead choose to live in the surrounding suburbs, while families may choose to move to the suburbs to have more living space, and older people might move out of the suburbs to retire to the countryside or the coast.
A low proportion of the elderly were living in cities in Bulgaria, Denmark, Croatia, Cyprus, Luxembourg and Romania
Figure 2 provides an alternative analysis of the range of old-age dependency ratios across cities. It confirms that the elderly generally tended to preferred or chose to live outside the EU’s capital cities. There were some exceptions, with relatively high old-age dependency ratios in Madrid, Warszawa, Lisboa and Bratislava, while the old-age dependency ratios of three other capitals, Praha, Roma and Ljubljana, were also above their respective national averages.
In Bulgaria, Denmark, Croatia, Cyprus, Luxembourg and Romania, the national average for the old-age dependency ratio was above the range shown for all cities: in other words, each of these EU Member States was characterised by a relatively low share of its elderly population living in cities; this was also the case in Norway.
Native and foreign-born populations, national and non-national citizens
The free movement of EU nationals within the Union, unrest in a number of neighbouring countries around the EU, migrant flows and asylum seekers are just some of the many reasons why cities in the EU have become more culturally and ethnically diverse. Indeed, most EU cities have seen their share of non-nationals grow in recent decades.
Map 3 analyses the share of the total population that are native-born, in other words, those persons born in the same Member State for which the data are reported, irrespective of their citizenship; note that there are no data available for several of the EU Member States (including Denmark, Greece, Croatia, Italy, Cyprus, Luxembourg, Malta, most cities in the Netherlands, Austria, Romania and Slovakia).
The share of the native-born population in the total number of inhabitants was relatively low in a band of cities running from the Baltic Member States, through the capitals of the Nordic Member States, across most of Germany into Switzerland and southern France, before finishing on the eastern and southern coasts of Spain. To the north and west of this band, there were a number of major cities in Ireland, France and the United Kingdom where the native-born population accounted for a relatively low share of the total population, while to the south and east of this band the share of the native-born population was high in almost every city.
Bulgarian and Polish cities were often populated almost entirely by native-born inhabitants
There were 112 cities in 2012 where at least 95 % of the population was native-born. In every one of the Bulgarian and Polish cities shown in Map 3 the share of the native-born population was at least 95 %, while in Hungary all but one of the cities shown reported a similarly high share. In absolute terms, there were 33 cities in Poland, 22 in the United Kingdom and 18 cities in Bulgaria where the native-born population accounted for at least 19 out of 20 residents; this was also the case in 7 or 8 cities from each of Spain, France and Hungary.
There were only three relatively large EU cities (with a population of at least 500 000 inhabitants) where the share of the native-born population rose above 95 %: the Bulgarian capital of Sofia (98.1 %) and the two Polish cities of Lódz and Poznan (both 98.8 %). By contrast, there were eight cities in the EU with in excess of 500 000 inhabitants where more than 25 % of the population had been born in another country: four German cities (Frankfurt am Main, München, Nürnberg and Stuttgart), three capital cities (Bruxelles / Brussel, Amsterdam and London) and the Belgian city of Antwerpen; this was also the case in the Swiss city of Zürich. In London, the largest city in the EU, less than two thirds (63.3 % in 2011) of the population was native-born.
SPOTLIGHT ON THE REGIONS
Luxembourg, Luxembourg
The share of foreign citizens in the total population of Luxembourg city was close to two thirds in 2009. Nationals accounted for 36.2 % of the resident population, which was the lowest proportion for any city in the EU-28. Indeed, there were only three towns / cities across the whole of the EU where less than half the population was composed of nationals; the other two being Narva, the third largest city in Estonia (which is located close to the Russian border) and Torrevieja, a coastal city in south-east Spain on the Costa Blanca (that is popular place for foreign citizens to retire).
©: Copyright: INTERPIXELS / Shutterstock.com
Some coastal resorts in Spain were inhabited by a high proportion of people born in other EU Member States
Looking in more detail, Torrevieja, a Spanish coastal resort located on the Costa Blanca to the south of Alicante, was the only city in the EU to report that less than half (44.8 % in 2012) of its total number of inhabitants were native-born — largely due to a relatively high number of inhabitants born in other EU Member States (principally, the United Kingdom, Germany and the Nordic Member States).
It is interesting to note that a similar pattern was repeated on the same coast, to the north of Alicante, in Benidorm (37.1 % of the population was born outside of Spain) and in the more southerly Spanish coastal resorts of Fuengirola, Marbella and Torremolinos (all on the Costa del Sol); these were the only Spanish cities where more than 30 % of the population was born in another country, with the bulk of their inhabitants coming from other, more northerly, EU Member States.
Outside of Spain, there were just two other cities in the EU where the share of the population born outside the reporting Member State was higher than 40 % in 2012. The first of these was the Estonian city of Narva that is located on its eastern border with Russia, where (according to population and migration statistics) most non-native-born people were from Russia, Belarus or Ukraine. The other was the Belgian capital of Bruxelles / Brussel, where those born abroad principally originated from other EU Member States (France, Italy, Spain, Poland and Romania) or from Morocco, Turkey and sub-Saharan former colonies (the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda and Burundi). Among the non-member countries presented in Map 3, there were three Swiss cities — Genève, Lausanne and Lugano — where close to half of the population was not native-born.
Nationals accounted for just over one third of the population of Luxembourg city …
Map 4 provides a contrasting analysis, namely, the share of the total population who are nationals (in other words, those who have the citizenship of the Member State in which they live). The division between national and foreign citizens depends, at least to some degree, on the inclination or possibility for foreign citizens to take the citizenship of the Member State they are living in.
In Luxembourg city, nationals accounted for just over one third (36.2 %) of the total population in 2009, which was the lowest share among any of the cities for which data are available. There were two other cities where less than half of the population were nationals, namely, Narva (in Estonia) and Torrevieja (in Spain), while Derry (in Northern Ireland in the United Kingdom) had the fourth highest share of non-nationals (54.4 % in 2011, with its foreign population being predominantly of Irish citizenship).
Subject to data availability, there were only three cities with more than 500 000 inhabitants where nationals accounted for less than 75 % of the population in 2012 and they were: the Belgian and Latvian capitals of Bruxelles / Brussel and Rīga (data are for 2011) and the Swiss city of Zürich. Russians made up the largest group of non-Latvian citizens living in Rīga, followed by smaller proportions of citizens from Belarus, Ukraine and the other Baltic States.
… but for 95 % or more in Sofia, Vilnius, Bratislava and Budapest
Figure 3 provides a more detailed analysis of the breakdown of foreign citizens in capital cities (note that a range of different reference years are used). It confirms that more than 95 % of the populations in Sofia, Vilnius, Bratislava and Budapest were composed of national citizens. By contrast, there were only four EU capital cities where the share of nationals was below 80 %, namely, London (78.4 %), Rīga (73.9 %), Bruxelles / Brussel (66.2 %) and Luxembourg (36.8 %).
Figure 3 also shows an analysis of non-national populations, for those with the citizenship of another EU Member State and those who were citizens of non-member countries. There were five capital cities where non-EU nationals accounted for slightly more than one in ten of the population, namely, Berlin, London, Madrid, Wien and Bruxelles / Brussel. However, by far the highest share (25.5 %) of foreign citizens from outside of the EU was recorded in Rīga; this latter figure is principally due to a high number of recognised non-citizens who are mainly former Soviet Union citizens, permanently resident in Latvia although they have not acquired any other citizenship.
More than half of all the inhabitants of Luxembourg city were citizens of another EU Member State
A majority (53.5 %) of the population in Luxembourg was composed of foreign citizens from other EU Member States. The next highest share of EU nationals was recorded in Bruxelles / Brussel, at just over one in five (20.3 %) of the population; these relatively high figures may, at least in part, be explained by both Luxembourg and Bruxelles / Brussel being home to various EU institutions. Otherwise, London (11.2 %) was the only other capital city within the EU-28 to report that more than 10 % of its population was made-up of nationals from other EU Member States; a similar share was recorded in the Swiss capital of Bern, where 11.3 % of the inhabitants were EU nationals.
Housing
The EU does not have any specific responsibilities with respect to housing; rather, national governments develop their own policies. Nevertheless, many of the EU Member States face similar challenges: for example, how to renew housing stocks, how to plan and combat urban sprawl, how to help young and disadvantaged groups get into the housing market, how to promote sustainable development , or how to promote energy efficiency among homeowners.
Average size of households
The average size of dwellings across EU Member States reflects, at least to some degree, population density and housing concentration, but may also be influenced by variations in the price of land and housing, income distribution, as well as the housing stock available for rent or for purchase. Housing in rural areas tends to be larger (in terms of land area and floor space) than housing in cities.
Demographic changes and increased population mobility have resulted in a lower average number of persons per household. If these developments continue in the coming years this will be reflected in the further dissolution of traditional family structures, an increasing proportion of elderly people, and even more fragmented populations, thereby creating demand for a higher number of (smaller) dwellings, despite little or no change in overall population numbers.
The largest households were in Slovakia, where each household was composed of an average of 3.1 persons
Households in the EU-28 were composed of an average of 2.4 persons. In those Member States that joined the EU in 2004 or more recently, average household size tended to be somewhat larger and this pattern was also apparent in most of southern EU Member States. By contrast, the smallest average household sizes were often found in northern and western Member States (Ireland being an exception to this pattern). Among the Member States, the average size ranged from highs of around three persons per household in Slovakia, Bulgaria, Malta and Romania, down to close to two persons in the Nordic Member States, Estonia and Germany.
The disparities in the average size of households between the cities within each EU Member State were generally quite narrow. The widest dispersion was among Italian, Spanish and French cities. For example, in Italy the lowest average household size was in the northern city of Milano (1.7 persons per household in 2012), while in the southern cities of Matera (Basilicata) and Barletta (Puglia) the average size of each household was 2.9 persons.
Figure 4 shows that the national average for the number of persons per household was higher than in any of the cities in Ireland, Luxembourg, Slovenia, Hungary, Belgium, the Czech Republic and Austria, indicating that in each of these Member States the average number of persons per household was higher outside of cities.
Some of the EU’s biggest cities had a relatively low average number of persons per household. Indeed, using this measure among the cities shown, capitals recorded the smallest average household sizes in Slovakia, Poland, Ireland, Greece, Portugal, Luxembourg, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Belgium, the Czech Republic, France, Austria, Denmark and Estonia; this was also the case in Norway. In the remaining EU Member States — those where the capital city did not record the lowest average household size among the cities shown — the average number of persons per household in capital cities remained consistently below the national average.
The average number of persons per household fell to 1.7 in the German capital
Berlin had the lowest average household size among EU capital cities, with each household composed, on average, by 1.7 persons. There were a number of other capitals where households were composed of less than two persons on average, namely, Paris, Roma, Luxembourg city and Helsinki / Helsingfors; this was also the case in Oslo.
Average price of houses
For those who decide to buy a home, it is likely to be the single, most expensive purchase that they make during the course of their lives, while for those who rent, housing often accounts for a substantial share of their monthly expenditure. Homes are highly durable but require extensive financial and material investment to build and maintain, such that property owners in the EU often have a considerable amount of their personal wealth invested in ‘bricks and mortar’.
Figure 5 shows the considerable range of average house prices across EU cities. In 2012, it was in some cases possible to purchase a house for an average of less than EUR 100 000, while the average price of a house in several capitals was nearer to EUR 500 000.
Nationally, the average price of a house in Lithuania, Finland and Sweden (as well as Norway), was lower than the average price in any of the cities shown; this indicates that the average price of houses outside of cities in these northern Member States was lower than the price of houses in cities.
Particularly high house prices in capital cities
House prices were generally highest — for most EU Member States — in their capital city. This was particularly true in the Czech Republic, where the average price of a house in Praha (EUR 894 000) was almost five times as high as the national average; note that these figures are estimated and based on a limited sample. It was more typical to find house prices in capital cities around twice as high as national averages.
Subject to data availability, there was only one EU Member State — Spain — where the average price of a house in the capital city was lower than the national average. Note however that the highest house prices in Spain were registered in a group of satellite cities to the north of the Spanish capital, in the suburbs of Las Rozas de Madrid, Majadahonda and Alcobendas.
Spain was one of four EU Member States (for which data are available) where the average house price in the capital was lower than the price in at least one other city in the same Member State. In Germany, the highest average prices were in München (EUR 810 000), while Düsseldorf, Frankfurt am Main, Heidelberg, Konstanz, Stuttgart and Wiesbaden all registered average house prices over EUR 500 000. These prices were all considerably higher than in the German capital, as the average price of a house in Berlin was EUR 300 000. In Poland there were also several cities that reported average house prices above those recorded for Warszawa: among these, the highest average price of a house was recorded in the northerly city of Gdansk. In Finland there was a single city that recorded average house prices above those recorded in the capital, namely Espoo / Esbo (the second largest city in the country, just to the west of Helsinki).
Lone parent households
Across the EU, one of the main driving forces behind the fall in the average size of households has been the growing number of people living alone and the increasing share of single parent families. This may be linked to a wide range of factors, including: people seeking more independence; increased workforce mobility; a reduction in the longevity of relationships (including higher divorce rates); women generally outliving their partners; and changes in healthcare which allow a greater proportion of the elderly to live (alone) into very old age.
Lone parent households accounted for 4.1 % of all households in the EU
According to EU statistics on income and living conditions (EU-SILC) , in 2012, single persons with dependent children accounted for just over 4 % of the total number of households in the EU-28.
Figure 6 shows the distribution of lone parent households with children aged less than 18 across cities. The share of lone parent households in capital cities was generally slightly higher than the national average: the biggest differences were recorded in Italy and the Netherlands. By contrast, in the French, Austrian and Greek capitals, the proportion of lone parent households was lower than the national average as was also the case in Norway.
Figure 6 also shows that the proportion of lone parent households at a national level was often at the bottom end of the range for each EU Member State, sometimes below all values recorded for any of the cities, suggesting that a lower proportion of the rural population was living in lone parent households.
Lone parent households were relatively common in several Belgian, French and British cities, where they accounted for more than 10 % of all households. The highest shares in Belgium were recorded in the Walloon region for the cities of Charleroi, Liège and Namur, and in the capital city. Aside from Fort-de-France (the capital of Martinique in the Caribbean), there were three French cities where lone parent households accounted for more than 10 % of all households: each of these was located in the suburbs around Paris (Saint Denis and communauté d’agglomération Val de France to the north; and communauté d’agglomération des Lacs de l‘Essonne to the south). In the United Kingdom the prevalence of lone parent households was particularly high in and around London, as well as in Birmingham, Liverpool and Middlesbrough, and three cities from Northern Ireland (Derry, Belfast and Lisburn).
Lone pensioner households
According to EU statistics on income and living conditions, in 2012, some 5.6 % of households in the EU-28 were composed of a single person aged 65 years and over. This value is quite low when compared with the information presented in Figure 7 which is based on the proportion of lone pensioners (irrespective of their age); as such, some of the differences may be attributed to people retiring ‘early’, for example, out of choice or because of ill-health.
Women tend to account for a much higher share of the elderly living alone, in part due to their longevity. Indeed, differences in life expectancy between the sexes may explain why some EU Member States have a relatively high proportion of their elderly populations living alone.
The share of lone pensioner households peaked at 15 % or more in Italy, Denmark, Sweden, Croatia, Bulgaria, Lithuania and Estonia. By contrast, retired persons living alone accounted for less than 1 in 10 households in Greece, Spain, Cyprus and Ireland.
The share of lone pensioner households was relatively high (compared with respective national averages) in the capital cities of Portugal, Poland, the Netherlands and Hungary. An analysis of cities with more than 100 000 households shows that the highest proportion of lone pensioner households was recorded in the Italian city of Napoli (data are for 2008), with more than one in four households (26.1 %) occupied by a lone pensioner. Subject to data availability, there were six cities where the share of lone pensioner households stood within the range of 17.5 %–20 %. Of these, three more were Italian cities (Genova, Venezia and Roma), two were southern French cities (Toulon and Nice, already noted as popular retirement destinations), and the final city was Chemnitz (in eastern Germany). By contrast, in the capital cities of Denmark, Lithuania and Luxembourg, the proportion of lone pensioner households was considerably lower than the national average; this was also the case in Norway.
The national average for the share of lone pensioner households was lower in Austria, Hungary, Slovenia and Malta than the shares recorded for any of their cities, suggesting that areas outside of cities were characterised by a lower proportion of lone pensioner households.
Data sources and availability
Cities (Urban Audit)
Eurostat’s data collection on cities (the Urban Audit) is undertaken by the national statistical authorities, the Directorate-General for Regional and Urban Policy (DG REGIO) and Eurostat. It provides statistics on a range of socioeconomic aspects relating to urban life in more than 900 cities, each with a population of at least 50 000 inhabitants in the urban centre, spread across the EU Member States, Norway, Switzerland and Turkey; note that there may be considerable differences in relation to the latest reference period available for each city.
Indicator definitions
Population statistics for cities refer to the population at its usual residence, in other words, the place where a person normally lives, regardless of temporary absences; this is generally their place of legal or registered residence. Population numbers are a reference for measuring the general size of an urban entity and are used as a denominator for many derived indicators.
A foreigner is a person who does not have the citizenship of the country of usual residence, regardless of their place of birth. EU foreigners are persons living in the reporting Member State who have the nationality of another EU Member State. Non-EU foreigners are persons living in the reporting Member State with the nationality of a non-member country.
Native-born means a person who was born in the Member State of usual residence regardless of that person’s citizenship. Foreign-born means a person who was born outside of the Member State of usual residence regardless of that person’s citizenship.
The household-dwelling concept is the preferred household unit. It considers all persons living in a housing unit to be members of the same household, such that there is one household per occupied housing unit.
Context
Challenges to European cities
The manner in which cities across the EU are governed and their autonomy varies considerably across EU Member States, according to a combination of administrative layers, at a national, regional, metropolitan / urban, city or borough level.
Cities in the EU face a variety of challenges: ranging from ageing populations, through migration and the consequences of urban sprawl, to counteracting climate change. By contrast, cities attract investment, people and services, thereby stimulating creativity and innovation. There is often a paradox insofar as some of the most thriving cities in the EU have some of the highest levels of social exclusion and income disparities and while cities generally offer the widest range of employment opportunities, some of them have the highest levels of unemployment.
EU urban development policy
The European Commission has stated that ‘it is crucial that all levels of governance be aware of the need to implement effectively the Europe 2020 strategy’.
Urban development policy seeks to promote the economic, social and environmental transformations of cities through integrated and sustainable solutions. It can play a valuable role in the implementation of the Europe 2020 strategy, through a range of sectoral initiatives. Furthermore, urban development issues have been integrated, to a large extent, into regional and national programmes supported by structural and cohesion funds, principally the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and the European Social Fund (ESF) . For example, during the period 2014–20, each EU Member State should invest at least 5 % of the ERDF in sustainable urban development (to be decided by national urban authorities), while at least 20 % of the ESF budget is available for actions targeting social exclusion, poverty and discrimination, especially among vulnerable groups in society (for example, low-skilled workers, ethnic minorities, the elderly, lone parents or migrants).
Nevertheless, a number of commentators and stakeholders have argued that cities need to be more involved in the conception and implementation of EU policies. Indeed, despite their economic weight, there is no explicit urban dimension to the Europe 2020 strategy or its targets, although three flagship projects — the digital agenda , the innovation union and youth on the move — address urban challenges. As a result, there have been calls for an EU urban agenda to bring together the increasing number of sectoral policies that impact on the EU’s urban areas: for example, within the domains of energy, the information society, climate action, the environment, transport, education or culture.
Towards an EU urban agenda
In February 2014, the European Commission organised a CITIES forum, to discuss how to strengthen the urban dimension of EU policymaking; it was centred on a debate over the need for an EU urban agenda. Many stakeholders saw an opportunity to implement a framework to guide action, to bring coherence to a diversity of initiatives and policies, and to give clear roles for European, national, regional and local authorities. Europe 2020 was seen by many participants as a starting point for priority setting, although some argued that there was a need to go further both in scope and time, given that city development involves long-term processes and long-lasting infrastructure investments.
This was followed, in July 2014, by a European Commission Communication titled, ‘ The urban dimension of EU policies — key features of an EU urban agenda ’ (COM(2014) 490). It discussed a range of options for developing an urban agenda, including:
a role for the EU institutions as a facilitator of urban development;
further integration of sectoral policies so that these are better adapted to urban realities;
an instrument to involve cities and their political leaders in EU policymaking and policy implementation;
a tool to integrate the goals of the Europe 2020 strategy with cities’ own strategies.
The communication was also used to launch a public consultation on the urban agenda, the results of which were presented at a second CITIES forum held in June 2015.
See also
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What is the name of the lion in the children’s television programme ‘The Herbs’? | The Herbs - Childrens TV | Jedi's Paradise
The Herbs The Herbs is a 60’s Children’s TV animated show. It was designed for pre-school children, but I think it appeals to all ages and was one of the new colour 'Watch with Mother' titles. The Herbs was created by Michael Bond and animated by Ivor Wood at Filmfair (who were responsible for Paddington and The Wombles). The first episode was transmitted on 12th February 1968. Only 13 episodes were made of this delightful programme, but that isn't the end of this story. Parsley the Lion had become quite popular with the children that watched, so it was decided to give him his own show - Parsley the Lion and Friends. It was supposed to centre on Parsley more, but I think the original Herbs did that anyway. The new programme also included all the characters that we met in The Herbs. Story Each episode began with the narrator (Gordon Rollings) talking about herbs in the garden, and each time he mentioned a different one, then the herb (plant) would appear. This was a magic herb garden, that you could only get access to by saying the magic word - Herbidacious. The door of the garden would swing open and in we would all be let in. The garden was owned by Sir Basil and Lady Rosemary, where each week a new adventure would take place. It seems that all the animals in the Herb garden (Parsley, Dill, Sage) could see us watching, but none of the people (Sir Basil, Lady Rosemary etc.) could, which would really confuse Bayleaf as he wanted to know what Parsley was waving at. Each of the characters were named after a herb and they all had a song to sing us, see below for more details. The Herbs Characters Parsley the Lion "I'm a very friendly Lion called Parsley" Parsley is a lovable Green Lion, whose mane and tail are made out of the herb parsley (hence the name). He is the one that shows us around the garden and loves waving to the viewers. He's not a brave lion and hides whenever there is trouble/danger around or when strangers appear. He was once called Doctor Parsley when he combined herbs with the jumpers Aunt Mint knitted for the chives, and it cured their colds. Parsley also doesn't like to get his tail wet or climb, as he found out when climbing the Tarragon Plant. He pretended to climb it the first time, but only snuck across to the neighbouring tree and back down it again. Shame he got caught and had to climb it for real. But he did have fun playing in the clouds. He made Sir Basil suffer when he shot his tail off, as he pretended to be dead. Poor Sir Basil didn't know what to do, so as usual shouted for Lady Rosemary, who saw Parsley was faking it. His best friend is Dill the dog and both of them seem to get themselves into trouble. But once in a while Parsley does come up with a good idea, such as the time he persuaded Pashana Bedhi to use his snake charming skills to float Sage and his nest back in the tree. "I'm a very friendly Lion called Parsley with a tail for doing jobs of every kind but I mustn't treat it roughly or too harshly for it's such a useful thing to have behind" His songs are: "I'm a very friendly Lion called Parsley I am always very glad to see you wave but please don't shout or speak to me too harshly because I'm not particularly brave" "I'm a very friendly Lion called Parsley I really don't like climbing things at all so please don't shout or speak to me too harshly I am sure you wouldn't want to see me fall" "I'm a very friendly Lion called Parsley I'm supposed to pull this rope and ring the bell though I try to pull it gently never harshly I'm afraid that I'm not doing very well" "For today I'm known as Doctor Parsley because the Chives have aches and pains and chills if I treat them very gently never harshly they will very soon be cured of all their ills" "If you take advice from Doctor Parsley you take camomile for colds and tooth ache too if you find your skin is itching rather harshly then some marigolds the very thing for you" "I'm a very friendly Lion called <sniff> <sniff> but sometimes I feel very very <sniff> so please don't shout or speak to me too <sniff> <sniff> for I'm sure you wouldn't want to see me <sniff>" Dill the Dog "I'm Dill the dog, I'm a dog called Dill" Dill as a rather scruffy little dog. He never seems to be tired (a bit hyperactive) and is always running around, most of the time in circles trying to catch his tail. His owner is Sir Basil and he lives in a kennel in the garden. Both him and Parsley are always getting in trouble. Parsley is his best friend, oh and bones. His songs are: "I'm Dill the dog, I'm a dog called Dill I'm rather small and furry and I'm often in a hurry" "I'm Dill the dog, I'm a dog called Dill Though my tail I'd love to get I have never caught it yet" Sir Basil "I am Sir Basil, the King of the Herbs, and I'm very often in trouble" Sir Basil owns the estate that herb garden is in (together with Lady Rosemary). He likes to hunt, shoot or fish, so is mostly seen about with a shotgun or a fishing rod. But he doesn't always notice what's going on around him and things 'happen to him'. Such as the time he got in trouble for accidentally shooting Parsley's tail off. Also it is very easy to play tricks on him. If something happens to someone else, then he isn't the right person to be around, as he is the most unsympathetic person - 'You've only got yourself to blame' he keeps saying. Also he likes everyone else to do his work for him. His songs are: "I am Sir Basil, the King of the Herbs and I'm very often in trouble I'm not very good at sorting things out and often I get in a muddle" "I am Sir Basil, the King of the Herbs and I'm Hunting and Shooting and Fishing But when there is any hard work to be done You'll notice I'm generally missing" Lady Rosemary "My name is Lady Rosemary" She is Sir Basil's wife and is a bit of a busy-body and is the one in the driving seat in their marriage. If Sir Basil is in trouble, he goes straight to Lady Rosemary for help and she takes control of the situation. She is always ordering everybody around and I'm surprised if she has many friends. She seems to have the herb rosemary in her hat (then again, it could be flowers). "My name is Lady Rosemary you will find you can't fool me I have eyes both sharp and quick to help me see through every trick" "My name is Lady Rosemary I am tall and willowy Though my manner may seem cold I really have a heart of gold" Bayleaf "I'm Bayleaf the Gardener" Bayleaf is the gardener hired by Sir Basil and Lady Rosemary to look after the garden. He is a fountain of all knowledge concerning herbs. If he is cornered to do something he doesn't want to do, then he will always suggest someone else (and nearly everyone agrees on the person he picks!). He is never around when Sir Basil wants him and always seems to enjoy any misfortune that Sir Basil get in (as he always seems to make some sarcastic comment that no one else picks up on). He even dropped a rock on Sir Basil's toes by accident (or was it?). He also speaks with a strong English country accent and wears a Bay Leaf in his hat. "I'm Bayleaf the Gardener I work from early dawn you'll find me sweeping up the leaves and tidying the lawn" Constable Knapweed "I am Constable Knapweed and I keep Law and Order" Constable Knapweed is a policeman, who always seems to be patrolling the Herb Garden. Why he patrols this all the time, I don't know. Maybe he's been employed by Sir Basil and Lady Rosemary (sounds like he's on the take to me). He seems to want to arrest people all the time even when they are obviously innocent and makes up lots of stupid rules to book people (he gives the police a bad name). His songs are: "I am Constable Knapweed and I keep Law and Order I watch to see that all is well along the garden border" Sage "I'm a rather fat feathery owl called Sage" Sage is a rather grumpy owl. He doesn't do much, apart from sleep in his nest. No wonder he is grumpy, as he was forced by Sir Basil / Lady Rosemary / Bayleaf to hatch an egg (which gave him cramp). Also he lost his nest when Sir Basil shot it out of the tree, so you can tell that they get on. Well, they did try to get Sage and his nest back in the tree, but no one thought of climbing up the tree and putting them back, Oh, no. Instead they tried to shoot him up there with a see-saw (very sensible). Eventually Pashana Bedhi used his snake charming skills to get them back up the tree! Sage doesn't own much, apart from an Umbrella to keep him dry, as he hates the rain, and a case (for what, I don't know). His songs are: "I'm a rather fat feathery owl called Sage I'm not at all happy in fact in a rage It's bad enough having ones home all upset But to make matters worse all my feathers are wet" "I'm a rather fat feathery owl called Sage Let me tell you I've never set foot in a cage To be truthful I've not got the slightest desire To be covered in wood, held together by wire" "I'm a rather fat feathery owl called Sage Let me tell you I've never yet earned any wage and truthfully I've always found it was best to sit up this tree in my second hand nest" "I'm a rather fat feathery owl called Sage I've had to sit still for simply an age to be truthful I'm not fond of hatching out eggs there is so little room I get cramp in my legs" Pashana Bedhi "I am Pashana Bedhi, very good snake charmer" Pashana Bedhi is an Indian snake charmer. He wears traditional Indian clothes, which is surprising as the weather in Britain is a bit too cold (but then again, it is a magic garden). He wears a turban and sleeps on a bed of nails. He left his Magic Whistle Pipe lying around and Parsley got revenge of Sir Basil / Lady Rosemary / Bayleaf and whistled them into a nearby tree. Mr Onion Mr Onion is the father of the chives. He has so many children, that he has decided to teach them all himself. He speaks to his children like a Sergeant Major - barking out orders!! (bossy devil!). Mrs Onion Mrs Onion is the mother of the chives. The always seems to be crying, mostly because she is an Onion (the smell makes her cry!!). The Chives "Because there are so many chives all looking like each other" The Chives are ordered around like soldiers by Mr Onion. They have a unique way of counting, by standing up and lying down when they add and subtract. Their songs are: "Because there are so many chives all looking like each other it makes it even hard to tell a sister from a brother" Tarragon "I'm Tarragon the Dragon, I'd better make it clear" Tarragon is a dragon, who appeared when Bayleaf spilled plant food on the Tarragon Plant, which grew to the size of a beanstalk. At the top of the enormous Tarragon Plant was an egg in a nest (found by Parsley). Sage was forced to sit on the egg and Tarragon the Dragon hatched from it. Tarragon likes to set things on fire. He burnt Constable Knapweed's notebook, Sage's Umbrella and Sir Basil's Shotgun handle. But again Parsley came to the rescue and brought out Belladonna's Broomstick. Try as he might, Tarragon couldn't set fire to the broomstick and he got so upset about this, that he cried and put his own fire out. Lady Rosemary and Sir Basil decided to give him a home and he lives in a box in their house. His songs are: "I'm Tarragon the Dragon, I'd better make it clear that nothings safe when I'm about things seem to disappear" Belladonna "Belladonna is my name, Ha, Ha, Ha, Ha" Belladonna is an evil witch, who is also known as Deadly Nightshade and she is very poisonous. She appears in a flash that sends the sky dark for a moment. She does look like your typical witch - Black Hat, Hook Nose, Cauldron She tried to change everyone in the herb garden to weeds, by getting them all to drink her homemade wine. Parsley knew it wasn't good stuff and tried to make sure the others didn't drink any, but she turned him into a weed. Also Lady Rosemary and Sir Basil drank the wine and turned into weeds. But Dill could smell a witch and could see through her disguise, as the herb Dill is used to ward off witches. Belladonna was scared of Dill and tried to make an escape on her broomstick. But she doesn't know the difference between a normal broom and a witches broomstick and boy, did she crash! After all this excitement, Bayleaf accidentally used the broom to turn the others back into their old selves. Her songs are: "Belladonna is my name, Ha, Ha, Ha, Ha I'm the deadly nightshade flower I shall never be content, Ha, Ha, Ha, Ha till all the herbs are in my power, Ha, Ha, Ha, Ha Miss Jessop "I'm a very neat herb and my name is Miss Jessop" This is a herb, that you don't want to be around. She is so bossy and complains about everything. She even complains that there is dust on the flowers! She upset so many people that Bayleaf grew her a husband to get rid of her. Good King Henry "Good King Henry stands before you, such a Royal and Regal figure" Good King Henry was grown by Bayleaf to be the husband that Miss Jessop could boss around (poor man!). Bayleaf put too much plant food on the plant, so he grew too fat in the greenhouse and couldn't get out. So Parsley made the greenhouse into a carriage and wheeled him to Miss Jessop (thanks to Belladonna's magic). Signor Solidago "My name, we say is Signor Solidago" He is an Italian singer, that gives singing lessons. But he doesn't seem to do very well when teaching Sage and Parsley! Aunt Mint "My name is Aunty Mint" Aunt Mint is famous for her knitting skills and given half a chance she would try to knit your anything. It takes her no time at all to make something, she volunteered to knit all the Chives a jumper when they caught a cold. The trouble is she fell asleep and Dill played with the balls of wool and when she woke up she found she was wrapped up in the wool (naughty dog!). But she blamed Parsley who was walking by at the time. Her songs are: "My name is Aunty Mint if you should see me sitting they'll think I'm doing nothing for I'm busy with my knitting" "My name is Aunty Mint I fear that I'm in trouble for someone's messed up all my wool and got it in a muddle" "My name is Aunty Mint I'm always very busy I often have so much to knit it makes me feel quite dizzy"
The Herbs Images (click to enlarge)
The Herbs T-Shirts - NONE
The Herbs DVDs Region 2 (Europe) - The Herbs DVDs Region 1 (USA) - NONE
The Herbs Episodes Series 1 (1968) 1. Parsley's Tail 2. Sage's Nest Blows Down 3. Belladonna the Witch 4. Tarragon and the Eggs 5. The Chives Catch Colds 6. Pashana Bedhi the Snake Charmer 7. Miss Jessop Tidies Up 8. Parsley and the Circus Lion 9. Sage's Singing Lesson 10. Strawberry Picking 11. Sir Basil's Fishing Expedition 12. The Show 13. Parsley's Birthday Party
The Herbs Video Intro
| Parsley |
Which planet lies between Saturn and Neptune? | The Herbs, Sage's Nest Blows Down - YouTube
The Herbs, Sage's Nest Blows Down
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Uploaded on Mar 26, 2011
Sage Looses His Home, Can Parsley And The Rest Of The Herbs Help Him Get It Back?
Category
| i don't know |
What is the name of the private investigator, played by Humphrey Bogart, in the 1941 film ‘The Maltese Falcon’? | The Maltese Falcon (1941) directed by John Huston • Reviews, film + cast • Letterboxd
40
Here's what I love about film noir: nobody gets to be an angel. No sentimentality, no melodrama, just tough characters who quip their way in and out of unsavory situations. Needless to say, The Maltese Falcon ticks every box on my list. And it isn't just a film noir; it's the first major film to be recognized as such, and therefore one of the most influential films in the genre. And boy, does it live up to expectations.
Being both a cinephile and a bibliophile, I felt obliged to read the The Maltese Falcon before watching the film adaptation. Dashiell Hammett's novel was a perfect candidate for the big screen: minute descriptions, unique characters, and colorful dialogue that was just…
I don't mind a reasonable amount of trouble.
-Sam Spade
Some films are credited with defining a particular genre. The Maltese Falcon didn't define a genre, but it helped create one. It was film-noir before the term film-noir existed. While it's arguably not the first to be considered noir, it is still regarded as the first by a major studio. It isn't however the first adaptation of Dashiell Hammett 's novel, but actually the third.
For John Huston 's directorial debut it seems odd that he would attempt a third adaptation of a novel that was barely over 10 years old, but he had an idea that stood out from the others. The script is practically a direct translation of Hammett's novel.…
5
John Huston's 1941 adaptation of Dashiell Hammett's The Maltese Falcon opens with a text scroll detailing the history of an ancient treasure. This short introduction could not have been more prophetic, because The Maltese Falcon is a true treasure. This is the quintessential film noir, a movie I don't mind calling perfect, as it tells the story of a slick private investigator who gets tangled up in the convoluted quest to obtain a legendary falcon statue. Whenever I get around to making my all time favorites list, I'll be surprised if this doesn't perch near the pinnacle of it. If you are like me, and haven't before seen this classic, then stop reading now, because the less you know going…
Review by sydney ★★★★★
rewatched for the first time since teenhood, so now i'll tell you why it's in my four favorites and will always stay there. i watched and loved it as a kid, i loved lots of old movies but this one in particular enchanted me. there's something so dangerous and adult about it though this viewing revealed it as a near comedy? an over-the-top romp at least. it's basically the simplest distillation of every noir/pulp/detective landmark, which is a positive or a negative depending on your point of view. for mine, its workmanlike avoidance of any frills and its dedication to doing not much more than put a novel on a screen works in its favor, and it's a top five…
2
It was Louise that highlighted my ignorance of movies from pre-1960 a few weeks ago, and although I'm still pretty much a novice when it comes to thirties and forties films, I'm slowly but surely enlightening myself with some classics. Following the likes of the Errol Flynn and Olivia De Havilland starring swashbucklers, it was time to check back in with Mr Humphrey Bogart.
The Maltese Falcon has another of those casts that made the likes of Casablanca so good. Reuniting Humphrey Bogart, Peter Lorre, and Sydney Greenstreet, this movie is unofficially the first of a genre. A film noir of the highest order, this requires concentration with all the twists and turns and has a level of mystery to…
2
The quintessential catalyst for any film-noir lover even if it isn't my favourite of the sort. John Huston's directorial debut was a remake of all things, and as a matter of fact it was the third film to be made from Dashiel Hammett's novel of the same name and it remains the best known of all of them for good reason. Yet it also started a director-acting partnership between Humphrey Bogart and John Huston which would only go on to create more classics as they went on - achieving success one after another. All of it comes back to The Maltese Falcon for even if it is not their finest it is certainly one to be remembered through the years.…
Review by JC13 ★★★★
"When you're slapped, you'll take it and like it."
This Noir classic is a film that I had seen two times prior to this viewing and was a big fan. Like any good Noir it has a plot that is full of twists and turns around every corner and complete with some snappy dialogue. The Maltese Falcon has a strong set of characters, all wonderfully realized by the cast member that plays them. Humphrey Bogart leads the way as Private Detective Sam Spade. His character is kind of an asshole, but a likable one and Bogart probably plays the part better than anyone else could have. Mary Astor, Sydney Greenstreet, and Peter Lorre all chip in with good performances as…
Review by Sean Curley ★★★★★
"I don't mind a reasonable amount of trouble."
Humphrey Bogart and John Huston make their respective plays for superstardom with this great Dashiell Hammett adaptation. In the former case, this and Casablanca would establish Bogart's two major character types for the next decade or so; the latter, John Huston established himself as a director worth watching, and usher in the new age of film noir. This is a film that only puts its foot wrong once, with a wholly unnecessary expository scrawl at the introduction where all the pertinent information is later repeated in the film itself by Sydney Greenstreet (a much more interesting delivery method). A minor sin, by any measure. Bogart gives what may be his most complex…
2
The quintessential catalyst for any film-noir lover even if it isn't my favourite of the sort. John Huston's directorial debut was a remake of all things, and as a matter of fact it was the third film to be made from Dashiel Hammett's novel of the same name and it remains the best known of all of them for good reason. Yet it also started a director-acting partnership between Humphrey Bogart and John Huston which would only go on to create more classics as they went on - achieving success one after another. All of it comes back to The Maltese Falcon for even if it is not their finest it is certainly one to be remembered through the years.…
| Sam Spade |
Dunkery Beacon is the highest point in which English National Park? | The Maltese Falcon
Plot
------------- Plot by IMDB -------------
EnglishSam Spade is a partner in a private-eye firm who finds himself hounded by police when his partner is killed whilst tailing a man. The girl who asked him to follow the man turns out not to be who she says she is, and is really involved in something to do with the 'Maltese Falcon', a gold-encrusted life-sized statue of a falcon, the only one of its kind.
Summary written by Graeme Roy {[email protected]}
In 1539, the Knight Templars of Malta, paid tribute to Charles V of Spain, by sending him a Golden Falcon encrusted from beak to claw with rarest jewels-----but pirates seized the galley carrying this priceless token and the fate of the Maltese Falcon remains a mystery to this day---
Summary written by Chris Schairer
While Sam Spade is investigating the murder of his partner, he finds himself surrounded by a host of strange characters all after one thing - a statue of a falcon reputed to contain priceless jewels. Warning - avoid the Ted Turner colorized version of this movie.
Summary written by Colin Tinto {[email protected]}
------------- Plot by DVD Empire -------------
A gallery of high-living lowflies will stop at nothing to get their sweaty hands on a jewel-encrusted falcon. Detective Sam Spade (Humphrey Bogart) wants to find out why - and who;ll take the fall. This third screen version of Dashiell Hammett's novel is a film of firsts: John Huston's directorial debut, rotund Sydney Greenstreet's screen debut, film history's first film noir and Bogart's break through role after years as a Warner contract player.An all-star cast (including Greenstreet, Mary Astor, Pete Lorre and Elisha Cook Jr.) join Bogart in this crisply written sizzler that placed in the top quarter of the American Film Institute's 100 Greatest American Films list. Many say it's the best detective drama ever. Each time you see it, you'll find it hard to disagree.
------------- Plot by AMG -------------
After two previous film versions of Dashiell Hammett's detective classic The Maltese Falcon, Warner Bros. finally got it right in 1941--or, rather, John Huston, a long-established screenwriter making his directorial debut, got it right, simply by adhering as closely as possible to the original. Taking over from a recalcitrant George Raft, Humphrey Bogart achieved true stardom as Sam Spade, a hard-boiled San Francisco private eye who can be as unscrupulous as the next guy but also adheres to his own personal code of honor. Into the offices of the Spade & Archer detective agency sweeps a Miss Wonderly (Mary Astor), who offers a large retainer to Sam and his partner Miles Archer (Jerome Cowan) if they'll protect her from someone named Floyd Thursby. The detectives believe neither Miss Wonderly nor her story, but they believe her money. Since Archer saw her first, he takes the case -- and later that evening he is shot to death, as is the mysterious Thursby. Miss Wonderly's real name turns out to be Brigid O'Shaughnessey, and, as the story continues, Sam is also introduced to the effeminate Joel Cairo (Peter Lorre) and the fat, erudite Kasper Gutman (Sydney Greenstreet, in his film debut). It turns out that Brigid, Cairo and Gutman are all international scoundrels, all involved in the search for a foot-high, jewel-encrusted statuette in the shape of a falcon. Though both Cairo and Gutman offer Spade small fortunes to find the "black bird," they are obviously willing to commit mayhem and murder towards that goal: Gutman, for example, drugs Spade and allows his "gunsel" Wilmer (Elisha Cook Jr.) to kick and beat the unconscious detective. This classic film noir detective yarn gets better with each viewing, which is more than can be said for the first two Maltese Falcons and the ill-advised 1975 "sequel" The Black Bird.
Actors
Walter Huston ..... Capt. Jacobi (uncredited)
Hank Mann ..... Reporter (uncredited)
Emory Parnell ..... Ship's mate (uncredited)
Reviews
------------- Review by AMG -------------
Adapting Dashiell Hammett's novel -- and staying as close to the original story as the Production Code allowed -- first-time director John Huston turned The Maltese Falcon into a movie often considered the first film noir. In his star-making performance as Sam Spade, Humphrey Bogart embodied the coolly ruthless private eye who recognizes the dark side of humanity, in all its greedy perversity, and who feels its temptations, especially when they are embodied by a woman. While Huston's mostly straightforward visual approach renders The Maltese Falcon an instance of early noir more in its hardboiled attitude than in the chiaroscuro style common to other films noirs, the collection of venal characters, colorfully played by Sydney Greenstreet, Peter Lorre, and Elisha Cook, Jr.; Mary Astor's femme fatale; and Bogart's morally relativistic Spade pointed the way to the mid-1940s flowering of noir in Billy Wilder's Double Indemnity (1944), Otto Preminger's Laura (1944), and Howard Hawks's The Big Sleep (1946). A critical as well as popular success, The Maltese Falcon was nominated for three Oscars, including Best Picture and Best Screenplay, establishing Huston as a formidable dual talent and Bogart as the archetypal detective antihero.
------------- Review by Amazon -------------
Still the tightest, sharpest, and most cynical of Hollywood's official deathless classics, bracingly tough even by post-Tarantino standards. Humphrey Bogart is Dashiell Hammett's definitive private eye, Sam Spade, struggling to keep his hard-boiled cool as the double-crosses pile up around his ankles. The plot, which dances all around the stolen Middle Eastern statuette of the title, is too baroque to try to follow, and it doesn't make a bit of difference. The dialogue, much of it lifted straight from Hammett, is delivered with whip-crack speed and sneering ferocity, as Bogie faces off against Peter Lorre and Sidney Greenstreet, fends off the duplicitous advances of Mary Astor, and roughs up a cringing "gunsel" played by Elisha Cook Jr. It's an action movie of sorts, at least by implication: the characters always seem keyed up, right on the verge of erupting into violence. This is a turning-point picture in several respects: John Huston (The African Queen) made his directorial debut here in 1941, and Bogart, who had mostly played bad guys, was a last-minute substitution for George Raft, who must have been kicking himself for years afterward. This is the role that made Bogart a star and established his trend-setting (and still influential) antihero persona. --David Chute
Product Description
Sam Spade is caught in a frantic search for the jeweled falcon of Malta and his partner's killer. His pursuit leads him to a group of desperate individuals who also want the bird.
Awards
(1941) Academy - Best Picture (nom) .....
(1941) Academy - Best Screenplay (nom) ..... John Huston
(1941) Academy - Best Supporting Actor (nom) ..... Sydney Greenstreet
(1941) National Board of Review - Best Acting (win) ..... Humphrey Bogart
(1941) National Board of Review - Best Acting (win) ..... Mary Astor
(1988) Library of Congress - U.S. National Film Registry (win) .....
(1998) American Film Institute - 100 Greatest American Movies (win) .....
Features
| i don't know |
According to the Bible, which of Jacob’s sons was sold into slavery by his jealous brothers? | 1. Joseph Sold Into Slavery (Genesis 37) | Bible.org
1. Joseph Sold Into Slavery (Genesis 37)
Main Point: We must depend on God’s grace to turn away from sin.
Key Verse:
(God’s grace) teaches us to say no to godless ways and sinful longings. - Titus 2:12a
Props: Richly colored fabric, gold trim or tassels; 2 balloons and a pin
Background/Review
Say: God had made some amazing promises to a man named Abraham (Genesis 12:2-3). God promised to bless him, and give him many children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren, and so on. God promised that the entire world would be blessed through Abraham’s family. Miraculously God gave a son to Abraham and his wife, Sarah, even though they were WAY too old to have a child. Ask: Who can remember the name of their son? Isaac. And who can remember the name of Isaac’s twin boys? Jacob and Esau. Say: Jacob was the younger son, but he received his father’s blessing. Jacob had four wives, but the only wife he really loved was Rachel. All together, Jacob had twelve sons. His two youngest sons were from his beloved wife, Rachel. The older of these two was Joseph and the younger was Benjamin. Back then, the oldest son would often be the father’s favorite child. Even though Joseph wasn’t the oldest of all of Jacob’s sons, he was the oldest son of his favorite wife. So out of all of Jacob’s sons, Joseph was Jacob’s very favorite.
For the next several weeks, we are going to learn about the AMAZING life of Joseph. The story of Joseph is better than any movie you’ve ever seen. It is the TRUE story of God’s incredible plan for Joseph, and the entire world. It is the story of forgiveness and God’s over-flowing grace. It is a story of seeing circumstances the way God sees them instead of the way we see them.
Joseph’s Dreams (Genesis 37:1-11)
Ask: Now, do you think that Joseph’s brothers noticed that Joseph was their dad’s favorite? Listen for answers. Say: Those brothers certainly knew which one was dad’s favorite, and they didn’t like it one bit! At times, Joseph would tell his father when his brothers weren’t behaving well (Genesis 37:2). And Jacob treated Joseph differently from his other sons.
Jacob loved Joseph more than any of his other children because Joseph had been born to him in his old age. So one day Jacob had a special gift made for Joseph - a beautiful robe. But his brothers hated Joseph because their father loved him more than the rest of them. They couldn’t say a kind word to him. - Genesis 37:3-4 NLT
Say: Sadly, Jacob made it very clear that he had a favorite son. When Joseph was a teenager, Jacob had a fancy robe made for him. The Bible says it was a colorful coat. It was the type that was worn by royalty (Gesenius’s Lexicon). In Bible times, dyes for fabric were very expensive. A richly colored robe was a sign of great importance. Teacher: Show your fabric and trim. Explain that the robe may have been made of similar fabric with elaborate trim. Say: Joseph’s brothers were shepherds who took care of dirty sheep all day. None of them had a coat like this. By wearing the coat, they thought Joseph was saying he was better than them. Then something happened that made the brothers even more jealous.
One night Joseph had a dream, and when he told his brothers about it, they hated him more than ever. “Listen to this dream,” he said. “We were out in the field, tying up bundles of grain. Suddenly my bundle stood up, and your bundles all gathered around and bowed low before mine!”
His brothers responded, “So you think you will be our king, do you? Do you actually think you will reign over us?” And they hated him all the more because of his dreams and the way he talked about them.
Soon Joseph had another dream, and again he told his brothers about it. “Listen, I have had another dream,” he said. “The sun, moon, and eleven stars bowed low before me!”
This time he told the dream to his father as well as to his brothers, but his father scolded him. “What kind of dream is that?” he asked. “Will your mother and I and your brothers actually come and bow to the ground before you?” But while his brothers were jealous of Joseph, his father wondered what the dreams meant. - Genesis 37:5-11 NLT
Say: These dreams were from God; they predicted the future. The Bible says that God doesn’t do anything without telling His servants the prophets about it (Amos 3:7). The wheat and the stars were actually symbols for people. These dreams were God’s promise to Joseph. God knew that Joseph’s sweet life was about to turn sour. He would be treated terribly by many people for many years. But in the end, things would turn out great for Joseph. God wanted Joseph to remain strong and encouraged during the hard times. By His grace, God gave this vision of the future to Joseph like a big warm hug ahead of time. We’ll learn more about this in a few weeks.
We’re not sure if Joseph bragged about these dreams, or if he told the dreams to his brothers in an innocent way. No matter how Joseph meant it when he talked about the dreams, it made his brothers really angry.
It seems that everything about Joseph made his brothers angry - even things that Joseph had no control over. They held onto their bitterness and they never forgave. Over time, their anger grew and grew. It’s sort of like this. Teacher: take out your balloon. Let’s say this balloon represents the brothers’ anger. Each time they saw something about Joseph that they didn’t like, they became angry. Blow up the balloon a little. They saw Jacob spending time with Joseph. Blow up the balloon a little more. Joseph told their father when they acted badly. Blow up the balloon a little more. Jacob gave Joseph his awesome robe. Blow up the balloon a little more. Joseph told them his first dream. Blow up the balloon a little more. Then Joseph told them his second dream. Blow up the balloon a little more. When anger builds and builds, eventually, what will happen? Quickly POP the balloon with the pin. Eventually, all that anger leads to sin. We’ll see that Joseph’s brothers were about to do something terrible!
Application: Everyone gets angry sometimes. Raise your hand if you have NEVER gotten angry. We can’t even blame Joseph’s brothers for being angry when they were treated unfairly. However, the Bible says, “When you are angry, do not sin.” (Psalm 4:4). But when we are so angry, how in the world can we keep form sinning? Each one of us has a sin nature. Just like Adam and Eve, we choose to sin. On our own, we are powerless over sin (Romans 6:17a). But here is where God’s grace steps in.
One of the amazing things that God’s grace does is it makes us holy. God’s grace gives us the power to say no to sin. Titus 2:12 says that God’s grace “teaches us to say no to godless ways and sinful longings.”
For example, if someone gets something they don’t deserve, it might make you angry. Blow up the balloon a little. You have a choice to hold onto your anger or pray for God to give you the grace to let it go. Let the air out. Someone might be unkind to you and it makes you angry. Blow up the balloon a little. You have a choice to hold onto your anger or ask God to give you the grace to forgive that person (Ephesians 4:31-32). Let the air out. Holding onto anger leads to sin. When we abide with God, He will show us when there is a root of anger or bitterness in our heart. Each time, ask God for the grace to forgive and let go of your anger so you will not sin.
Joseph Sold By His Brothers (Genesis 37:12-36)
One day, all of Joseph’s older brothers were out in the countryside taking care of the family’s sheep. Jacob told Joseph to go check on them, and come back and tell him how they were doing. While Joseph was still a long way off, his brothers saw him coming. Ask: Can anyone guess how they saw him coming? His colorful coat. Say: Most shepherds were poor. They couldn’t afford brightly colored clothing, so their clothes blended into the landscape. But when Joseph came wearing his fancy coat, he really stood out. While he was walking toward them, they came up with an evil plan.
“Here comes that dreamer!” they said to one another. “Come. Let’s kill him. Let’s throw him into one of these empty wells. Let’s say that a wild animal ate him up. Then we’ll see whether his dreams will come true.”
Reuben (the oldest brother) heard them. He tried to save Joseph from them. “Let’s not take his life,” he said. “Let’s not spill any blood. Throw him into this empty well here in the desert. But don’t harm him yourselves.”
Reuben said that to save Joseph from them. He was hoping he could take him back to his father. - Genesis 37:19-22
Say: This was the most terrible plan possible! They were so angry and jealous that they wanted to kill their own brother (Psalm 37:8). As Jacob’s oldest son, Reuben would have been held responsible for his brothers’ actions. He wanted to stop his brothers from committing this terrible sin (Genesis 42:22). He was planning to come back and rescue Joseph when his brothers weren’t around. Thankfully, they listened to Reuben. When Joseph arrived, they tore off his beautiful coat and threw him into the dry well. Joseph begged his brothers not to leave him there to die but they did not care (Genesis 42:21).
Now, the plot thickens. As some of the brothers sat down to eat their lunch, they saw some traders (not traitors) coming by. The word trader comes from the word “trade.” Traders were sort of like traveling salesmen. They had items that they would buy, sell, or trade with people as they traveled from one town to another. One of the brothers, named Judah, came up with another idea. He said that instead of leaving Joseph to die in the well, they could sell him as a slave to the traders. That way, they wouldn’t be guilty of actually killing him, and they could make some money at the same time.
Say: We KNOW that murder is wrong. Ask: Is selling someone into slavery wrong? Yes! Say: Of course it’s wrong! Every man, woman, and child is created in the image of God (Genesis 1:27). One person does not have the right to own another person. Judah’s plan was evil. But sadly, his brothers agreed to do it. Reuben was not part of this scheme. He was probably taking care of the sheep at this time (Genesis 37:29).
The traders from Midian came by. Joseph’s brothers pulled him up out of the well. They sold him to the Ishmaelite traders for eight ounces of silver. Then the traders took him to Egypt.
Later, Reuben came back to the empty well. He saw that Joseph wasn’t there. He was so upset that he tore his clothes. He went back to his brothers and said, “The boy isn’t there! Now what should I do?”
Then they got Joseph’s beautiful robe. They killed a goat and dipped the robe in the blood. They took it back to their father. They said, “We found this. Take a look at it. See if it’s your son’s robe.”
Jacob recognized it. He said, “It’s my son’s robe! A wild animal has eaten him up. Joseph must have been torn to pieces.” - Genesis 37:28-33
Jacob sobbed and sobbed because he thought that his precious son had been killed. He wore black clothes to show how very sad he was. All of his children tried to make him feel better, but they couldn’t. Jacob said he would be broken-hearted until the day he died. Ask: How do you think the brothers felt when they saw how sad their father was? Listen for answers. Say: The brothers sinned by selling Joseph into slavery. Then they sinned by lying to their father, leading him to believe that Joseph was dead. We have to wonder if Jacob’s sons ever thought about the pain they would cause their father when they made their evil plans (Proverbs 17:25). Sin almost always hurts innocent people. Furthermore, sin hurts the ones who sin. Jacob’s sons would have to live with their guilt for years and years to come. Sin ALWAYS has a price. Sin causes pain, loss, and separation.
Application: We have to remember that sin ALWAYS ruins things. Only God’s grace can break the power of sin (Romans 6:14). When you put your trust in Jesus, God pours out His grace on you. God’s grace sets you FREE from sin (Romans 6:18, 8:1-2).
Joseph Sold To Potiphar (Genesis 37:36)
Say: While Jacob was grieving the loss of his son, God was working out an amazing plan for Joseph.
Meanwhile, the Midianite traders arrived in Egypt, where they sold Joseph to Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh, the king of Egypt. Potiphar was captain of the palace guard. - Genesis 37:36
If we were to describe the events in Joseph’s life up to this point, it might not sound too good. His brothers hated him, he was almost killed, he was robbed of his most valuable possession, and he was thrown into a well. Then he was sold into slavery and he didn’t know if he would ever see his father again. But this was not the end for Joseph. His adventure was just beginning. Be sure to come back next week to see what happened next!
PPT VERSE
Key Verse:
(God’s grace) teaches us to say no to godless ways and sinful longings. - Titus 2:12a
PPT MAIN POINT
Main Point: We must depend on God’s grace to turn away from sin.
© 2007 BibleLessons4Kidz.com All rights reserved worldwide. May be reproduced for personal, nonprofit, and non-commercial uses only.
Unless otherwise noted the Scriptures taken from: Holy Bible, New International Reader’s Version, (NIrV®)
Copyright © 1995, 1996, 1998 by International Bible Society / Used by permission of IBS-STL. All rights reserved worldwide.
Special thanks to John R. Cross, The Stranger on the Road to Emmaus, GoodSeed International.
| Joseph |
Roman numerals MCMLXVIII represent which year? | Josephes | Article about Josephes by The Free Dictionary
Josephes | Article about Josephes by The Free Dictionary
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Joseph,
one of the heroes of the patriarchal narratives of the Book of Genesis. He is presented as the favored son of Jacob and Rachel, sold as a boy into slavery by his brothers, who were jealous of Joseph's dreams and of his coat of many colors given him by Jacob. In Egypt, Joseph gained a position of authority in the household of his master, Potiphar, and was later imprisoned on the false accusations of Potiphar's wife. He was released after interpreting Pharaoh's dream of the lean and fat cows. Pharaoh renamed him Zaphnath-paaneah and took him into favor. Joseph's recognition of his brothers in the famine years when he was governor over Egypt is a famous scene. His wife was Asenath, an Egyptian, and their sons Manasseh and Ephraim were eponymous ancestors of two of the 12 tribes of Israel. The Joseph saga bridges the era of the patriarchs in Canaan and the Hebrews in Egypt. The mention of Joseph's marriage to Asenath in the Book of Genesis is the subject of Joseph and Asenath Joseph and Asenath,
an early Jewish work, highly regarded in Eastern and Western Christian traditions, most likely emanating from Alexandrian Egypt between 200 B.C. and A.D. 200, probably composed in Greek.
..... Click the link for more information. , now classified among the Old Testament Pseudepigrapha Pseudepigrapha
[Gr.,=things falsely ascribed], a collection of early Jewish and some Jewish-Christian writings composed between c.200 B.C. and c.A.D. 200, not found in the Bible or rabbinic writings.
..... Click the link for more information. . The Joseph story is retold in the Qur'an.
Joseph
(Chief Joseph), c.1840–1904, chief of a group of Nez Percé Nez Percé
[Fr.,=pierced nose], Native North Americans whose language belongs to the Sahaptin-Chinook branch of the Penutian linguistic stock (see Native American languages).
..... Click the link for more information. . On his father's death in 1871, Joseph became leader of one of the groups that refused to leave the land ceded to the United States by the fraudulently obtained treaty of 1863. Faced with forcible removal (1877), Joseph and the other nontreaty chiefs prepared to leave peacefully for the reservation. Misinformed about the intentions of the Nez Percé, Gen. Oliver Otis Howard Howard, Oliver Otis,
1830–1909, Union general in the Civil War, founder of Howard Univ., b. Leeds, Maine, grad. Bowdoin College, 1850, and West Point, 1854. Made a brigadier general of volunteers (Sept.
..... Click the link for more information. ordered an attack, which the Native Americans repulsed. Pursued by the U.S. army, the warriors, with many women and children, began a masterly retreat to Canada of more than 1,000 mi (1,609 km). The Nez Percé won several engagements, notably one at Big Hole, Mont., but 30 mi (48 km) short of the Canadian border they were trapped in a cul-de-sac by troops under Gen. Nelson A. Miles Miles, Nelson Appleton,
1839–1925, American army officer, b. near Westminster, Mass. In 1861, at the outbreak of the Civil War, he left his job in a Boston store and organized a company of volunteers.
..... Click the link for more information. and forced to surrender. His eloquent surrender speech is one of the best-known Native American statements. The whites had assumed that Joseph, spokesman for the tribe in peacetime, was responsible for their outstanding strategy and tactics, which actually had been agreed upon in council by all the chiefs. He became, however, a symbol of the heroic, fighting retreat of the Nez Percés. He was taken to Fort Leavenworth, then spent the remainder of his life on the Colville Indian Reservation in the state of Washington and strove to improve the conditions of his people. In 1903 he made a ceremonial visit to Washington, D.C.
Bibliography
See biographies by O. O. Howard (1881, repr. 1972) and H. A. Howard (1941, repr. 1965); M. D. Beal, I Will Fight No More Forever (1985).
Joseph,
1714–77, king of Portugal (1750–77), son and successor of John V. Little inclined to rule, his reign was dominated by his minister, the marquês de Pombal Pombal, Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, marquês de
, 1699–1782, Portuguese statesman. After studying law at the Univ. of Coimbra, he served as ambassador to England and Austria, was made secretary for foreign affairs and war by King Joseph in 1750,
..... Click the link for more information. . After Lisbon was partially destroyed (1755) by an earthquake and a tsunami, Pombal gained emergency powers and quickly rose in importance. He was supported by Joseph, who allowed Pombal to rule the country in fact if not in title. Joseph was succeeded at his death by his daughter, Maria I, and Peter III.
Joseph
(religion, spiritualism, and occult)
Jacob, the grandson of Abraham, had twelve sons. Joseph, the eleventh, was his father's favorite. His story, made popular anew by the resounding success of Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice's stage show, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, is told in a collection of stories found in Genesis, beginning in chapter 37. Joseph becomes the means by which the children of Abraham make the move from Canaan to Egypt.
Joseph was gifted with the ability to see the future in symbolic dreams. When Jacob gave his son a colorful coat as an expression of his love, the other sons became jealous. Joseph dreamed his brothers would someday bow down before him, and he made the mistake of telling them about it. In a fit of rage, they sought to kill him by throwing him into a dry well. At the last minute they changed their minds and sold him into slavery in Egypt, telling their father Joseph had died fighting a wild beast.
In Egypt Joseph became a respected attendant to a wealthy man named Potiphar. Potiphar's wife, however, had designs on more than Joseph's administrative talents, and she invited Joseph to her bed. Joseph refused, and in the ensuing struggle he escaped only by sliding out of his cloak and running from the room. To cover up her attempted seduction, she told her husband that Joseph had attacked her. Once again, Joseph found himself the victim of jealousy.
He was jailed and would have remained forgotten had he not interpreted the dreams of some of his cellmates. When one of them was restored to the company of Pharaoh's personal slaves, that man remembered Joseph when Pharaoh himself needed a dream interpreter. Joseph was summoned and prophesied a time of wealth followed by a period of famine. Pharaoh was so impressed he made Joseph second in command of all Egypt, in order to prepare for the hard times to come. When famine struck, Egypt was the only country ready for it.
Meanwhile, Joseph's family, back in Canaan, was in dire straits when their crops failed. They realized the only way they could get food was to travel to Egypt to beg for it. Not knowing their brother was the new Egyptian governor, they were tested by him and finally forgiven for their sins. After a few twists and turns of the story, the family is finally reunited in Egypt to live in luxury under the auspices of their powerful brother.
Four hundred years later, as the book of Exodus begins, their descendants are still there. But in the interim a "new king arose, who knew not Joseph." One of Jacob's greatest descendants, Moses, is also living in Egyptian luxury, unaware of his ancestry. This period of change happens between Genesis and Exodus. To close the pages of one book and open the next is to jump over four centuries of upheaval that sets the stage for the Passover (see Moses; Passover).
Joseph
Jesus' earthly father was a man named Joseph. The Bible implies that he made his living as a carpenter (Matthew 13:55). In the Gospel accounts of Christmas Joseph emerges as a righteous man of faith who dutifully observes the rituals of his religion.
Joseph plays a relatively large role in the story of Jesus'birth recorded in the Gospel according to Matthew (chapters 1 and 2). When he finds out that his betrothed wife, Mary, is pregnant, he decides that he will follow Jewish law by breaking his engagement to her. Instead of doing so publicly, however, he looks for some way to call it off quietly. Many commentators have read his desire not to inflict unnecessary shame upon Mary as a sign of Joseph's righteousness. Then an angel visits Joseph, informing him that Mary is pregnant by God's Holy Spirit and asking that he take her as his wife. Joseph demonstrates his faith and trust in God by continuing his engagement to Mary and eventually marrying her. In Matthew's account the angel appears once more to Joseph after Jesus'birth. The angel warns him to leave Bethlehem immediately, as Herod is planning to kill all the town's male babies in an effort to rid himself of the "newborn King of the Jews" (see Holy Innocents' Day). Once again, Joseph places his trust in the angel's message and hurries his family away to Egypt.
Joseph plays a much smaller role in the story of Jesus' birth reported in the Gospel according to Luke. In this account, the angel appears to Mary with the message of Jesus' divine father. Yet in this version, too, Joseph trusts the divine message and continues his engagement with Mary. Luke says nothing of the Flight into Egypt. Instead, he mentions Jesus' circumcision and naming ceremony, which took place eight days after Jesus' birth, according to Jewish law (see Feast of the Circumcision). Once again, Joseph is portrayed as a pious man who carefully observes the teachings of his religion.
Joseph does not appear in the gospel accounts of Jesus' adult life. This has led many commentators to assume that Joseph died before Jesus became an adult. Many Christian artists have portrayed Joseph as an old man in accordance with this interpretation.
As the centuries rolled by, Christians became more and more interested in Joseph. Perhaps because the Bible has so little to say about him, an apocryphal, or legendary, literature sprang up, adding further detail to his life and personality. In Roman Catholicism, he became the patron saint of workers, fathers, and happy deaths, as well as the patron saint of Canada, Mexico, Russia, Peru, Korea, Belgium, Vietnam, Austria, and Bohemia.
Feast Days
Western Christians began to observe March 19 as St. Joseph's Day in the Middle Ages. Researchers have yet to unearth the reason for the selection of that particular date. Orthodox and other Eastern Christians honor St. Joseph on the first Sunday after Christmas. In 1955 Pope Pius XII declared May 1 to be St. Joseph the Worker's Day, in an effort to add religious overtones to workers'celebrations that took place in various communist countries on that date.
Christmas Customs
Joseph, along with his wife Mary and the baby Jesus, are the central characters in most Nativity scenes. Nativity plays, including the Hispanic folk play called Las Posadas, accord him an important role. He is also mentioned in a number of Christmas carols, such as "Joseph Dearest, Joseph Mine" and the "Cherry Tree Carol."
Further Reading
Coats, George W., and Paul J. Achtemeier. "Joseph." In Paul J. Achtemeier, ed. The HarperCollins Bible Dictionary. Revised edition. San Francisco, Calif.: HarperSanFrancisco, 1996. Cross, F. L., and E. A. Livingstone, eds. "St. Joseph." In their The Oxford Dic-tionary of the Christian Church. Second edition, revised. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1983. Filas, F. L. "Joseph, St." In New Catholic Encyclopedia. Volume 7. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1967. ---. "Joseph St., Devotion to." In New Catholic Encyclopedia. Volume 7. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1967. McBrien, Richard P. Lives of the Saints. New York: HarperCollins, 2001. Yang, Seung Ai. "Joseph." In David Noel Freedman, ed. Eerdmans Bible Dic-tionary. Grand Rapids, Mich.: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2000.
Joseph
the name of two emperors in the Holy Roman Empire and the Austrian monarchy of the Hapsburgs.
Joseph I. Born July 26, 1678, in Vienna; died there Apr. 17, 1711. Emperor from 1705 to 1711. The oldest son of Emperor Leopold I.
Joseph I energetically continued the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–14). Within the empire, he renewed the attempt to strengthen the authority of the emperor. In the hereditary Hapsburg lands, he pursued a policy of mercantilism. Prince Eugene of Savoy enjoyed great influence under Joseph I.
Joseph II. Born Mar. 13, 1741, in Vienna; died there Feb. 20, 1790. Emperor from 1765 to 1790. Coruler with his mother Maria Theresa in the Hapsburg hereditary lands from 1765 to 1780; thereafter, he ruled alone.
A representative of so-called enlightened absolutism, Joseph II attempted to change the most antiquated feudal institutions of the Hapsburg monarchy through reforms “from above,” as dictated by the needs of bourgeois development. He followed a policy of protectionism and encouraged manufactures. He abolished the personal serfdom of the peasants (1781–85) and attempted to introduce a single land tax. However, this reform was not put into practice because of the fierce resistance of the nobility, which was also to be subject to the taxation. Joseph II limited the independence of the Catholic Church in the Austrian lands. He abolished many monasteries and partially secularized church property. He promoted the development of the secular school. In 1781 he issued a patent on religious toleration. Within the Hapsburg monarchy, Joseph II, acting with violent bureaucratic methods, attempted to introduce a single, strictly centralized system of administration. German was introduced as the official language throughout the monarchy in 1784–85. This policy provoked an explosion of resistance, especially in the Austrian Netherlands (culminating in the Brabant Revolution of 1789—90) and in Hungary.
In foreign policy (which, along with military affairs, he directed while still coruler), Joseph II was notable for his aggressiveness; in particular, at the Austrian court he was among the most active advocates of Austria’s participation in the first partition of Poland in 1772. He aimed at strengthening and consolidating Austria’s predominant position in the empire. When he met with opposition from an increasingly powerful Prussia, he sought rapprochement with Russia and formed an alliance with Russia in 1781.
REFERENCE
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Sandra, Gerry, Jack and Brian are all characters in which UK television fictional crime series? | New Tricks (TV Series 2003– ) - IMDb
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Three retired police officers are drafted in to solve cold cases, with a touch of comedy and drama
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The team investigates the murder of an unidentified young woman who was found in the woods some 18 years previously. The original pathologist on the case, Professor Mears, has kept all of the ...
8.8
When one of Gerry's informants returns to England and provides him with new evidence, the team re-open the case of a 1987 bank robbery where one of the bank employees was killed. The prime suspect ...
8.8
When Brian's dog finds a body on a common, it prompts two people to confess to murder. But when the body turns out to be over 600 years old, Sandra, Jack, Brian and Gerry must discover why the pair ...
8.8
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Storyline
After a hostage rescue goes wrong, superintendent Sandra Pullman is put in charge of unsolved crimes. With little resources and no back-up she decides to recruit three ex policeman. However times have changed, unlike her new recruits. Jack Halford is yet to get over the loss of his wife, Brian Lane is over obsessed and over medicated, and Gerry Standing is not quite the ladies man he used to be. They may have the experience but it's not like the old days. Not only are they chasing criminals, but they are having to deal with a new police force which does not always appreciate their old style policing. Written by Brian Hallam
Back on the case again.
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27 March 2003 (UK) See more »
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Did You Know?
Trivia
Series 8, episode 7 was viewed by 9.27 million people. It was the most popular episode to date. See more »
Quotes
[after discovering a map with an X on it]
Brian Lane : If you find a map with an X on it, you are intrinsically bound to follow it, go there, and start diggin'.
A novel series with lots of class
10 August 2004 | by rexw
(Canberra, Australia) – See all my reviews
We are just at the conclusion of 5 episodes, the end of the 2003 series I would imagine and therefore hopefully expecting additional episodes to be made available later in the year. This programme, unique in its storyline, tells of a senior Detective Superintendent,a lovely blonde who commences to address older cases, unsolved, with three senior ex Detectives. All have unusual characteristics such as photographic memory for one, excellent detective skills with another and criminal contacts with the third. The scripts are well written, full of humour but are still a serious crime drama series. As good as Dalziel and Pascoe, Taggart etc., and is recommended for scripting, acting and humour. Good English series
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Gloves Off
The popular mystery series starring James Bolam and Amanda Redman. The gun used to kill a boxer years ago surfaces in an armed robbery. Maggie O'Neill guest stars.
February 7, 10pm
Not scheduled
Old Fossils
Crime caper with the experienced detectives. James Bolam, Amanda Redman and team probe the death of a palaeontologist at the Natural History Museum.
February 8, 10pm
Not scheduled
Ice Cream Wars
Dennis Waterman teams up with James Bolam in the hit cop drama. The case of the ice cream bandit, an armed robber who targeted ice cream vans, is re-opened.
February 9, 9pm
Remind Me
End of the Line
Another mystery for James Bolam, Dennis Waterman and friends. The detectives reinvestigate the murder of a vagrant strangled on a tube train 15 years ago.
February 9, 10pm
Not scheduled
Lost in Translation
Another gruelling case for James Bolam and the experienced ex-police officers. The team investigate a crucified body found near Waltham Forest in 1996.
February 10, 10pm
Not scheduled
New Tricks (2): Ep 1
The Sweeney meets The Likely Lads in the hit cop show. The squad investigate the death of a barrister found in his car 20 years earlier.
February 12, 7:10am
Remind Me
New Tricks (2): Ep 2
Likely Lad James Bolam and Minder's Dennis Waterman star in another adventure for the aging detectives. The squad try to track down the attacker of an Asian woman in Southall.
February 12, 8pm
Not scheduled
Setting Out Your Stall
The hugely popular crime drama series with a cast of the nation's favourites. The UCOS team investigate the death of a market trader, Kathy Green.
February 13, 10pm
Not scheduled
Moving Target
The hugely popular crime drama series with a cast of the nation's favourites. The UCOS team reinvestigate a hit and run that left a cycle courier with amnesia.
February 14, 10pm
Not scheduled
Objects of Desire
The ever-popular crime drama with a cast of the nation's favourites. When the team reinvestigate the murder of an antiques dealer, Sandra meets an old flame.
February 15, 10pm
Not scheduled
Congratulations
Another mysterious case for the experienced detectives. Pullman struggles to keep the boys in line as their chequered pasts begin to catch up with them.
February 16, 9pm
Remind Me
The Gentleman Vanishes
The ever-popular crime drama with a cast of the nation's favourites. The team probe the disappearance of a prominent physics professor.
February 16, 10pm
Not scheduled
Only the Brave
The ever-popular crime drama with a cast of the nation's TV favourites. The team reinvestigate the death of Eddie Chapman, leader of a notorious gang of bikers.
February 17, 10pm
Not scheduled
New Tricks (2): Ep 3
Another gripping case for our detectives using 1970s methods to combat crimes. The team re-investigate a bungled murder case where the body of a young girl was misidentified.
February 19, 7:10am
Remind Me
New Tricks (2): Ep 4
Another adventure for our eccentric bunch of middle-aged detectives. The team are approached by a tabloid newspaper editor, who claims a celebrity chef murdered her husband.
February 19, 8pm
Remind Me
Half Life
The ever-popular crime drama with a cast of the nation's favourite actors. UCOS reinvestigate the murder of an unidentified male found in a West London alleyway.
February 20, 10pm
Not scheduled
Tiger, Tiger
The ever-popular crime drama with a cast of the nation's favourites. UCOS reopens the case of a zoo keeper who was found dead in a tiger enclosure.
February 21, 10pm
Not scheduled
New Tricks (1): Ep 1
It's right back to the start of the ever-popular crime drama with British TV's favourite stars. The middle-aged detectives investigate the murder of a policewoman 17 years earlier.
Sunday, 7pm
Not scheduled
New Tricks (1): Ep 2
What you can't teach an old dog, obviously. An episode from the first series as James Bolam, Dennis Waterman and experienced detective friends probe a case of art forgery.
Sunday, 8pm
Not scheduled
New Tricks (1): Ep 3
Dennis Waterman stars as the seasoned cop team investigate the murder of a young peace protester, killed near a nuclear base in 1984. Are they about to expose a cover-up?
January 29, 12pm
Remind Me
New Tricks (1): Ep 4
Crime drama with a hint of fun, starring TV icons Dennis Waterman and James Bolam. Members of a prestigious golf club come under suspicion during a child murder investigation.
January 29, 7:10am
Remind Me
New Tricks (1): Ep 5
The old-fashioned, 'no-nonsense' cop team unravel another tricky mystery. Looking into three mysterious disappearances, the team believe a serial killer is on the loose.
February 5, 12pm
Remind Me
New Tricks (1): Ep 6
British character actor Alun Armstrong stars in the hit cop series featuring a veteran detective team. A desperate Halford visits a clairvoyant hoping to talk to his wife.
February 5, 7:10am
See episodes Hide episodes
New Tricks (2): Ep 1
The Sweeney meets The Likely Lads in the hit cop show. The squad investigate the death of a barrister found in his car 20 years earlier.
February 12, 7:10am
Remind Me
New Tricks (2): Ep 2
Likely Lad James Bolam and Minder's Dennis Waterman star in another adventure for the aging detectives. The squad try to track down the attacker of an Asian woman in Southall.
February 12, 8pm
Not scheduled
New Tricks (2): Ep 3
Another gripping case for our detectives using 1970s methods to combat crimes. The team re-investigate a bungled murder case where the body of a young girl was misidentified.
February 19, 7:10am
Remind Me
New Tricks (2): Ep 4
Another adventure for our eccentric bunch of middle-aged detectives. The team are approached by a tabloid newspaper editor, who claims a celebrity chef murdered her husband.
February 19, 8pm
Remind Me
New Tricks (2): Ep 5
TV favourites James Bolam and Dennis Waterman team up to fight crime. To investigate a multi-million pound jewellery heist, Sandra and Gerry must pose as an unlikely couple.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
New Tricks (2): Ep 6
Amanda Redman and Alun Armstrong star in the light-hearted crime series. When Gerry loses badly at poker, he agrees to pay his debt by investigating the death of a bookie.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
New Tricks (2): Ep 7
An exciting adventure for our eccentric bunch of detectives. The team re-opens the unsolved abduction of two 10-year-old boys as an irritable Gerry struggles to give up smoking.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
New Tricks (2): Ep 8
James Bolam stars in the smash hit drama about middle-aged detectives. The team must identify a murder victim from just her torso, with the help of a bizarre pathologist.
Not scheduled
See episodes Hide episodes
Lady's Pleasure
James Bolam and Dennis Waterman team up for the Beeb's hit cop caper. Pullman re-investigates the death of Nancy Murray, a housewife who died in a car crash.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Dockers
A fine ensemble cast, including Alun Armstrong and Amanda Redman, star in the detective drama. The team probe the death of a unionist suspected of embezzlement.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Old Dogs
A fantastic cast of TV legends as the eccentric bunch of ex-policemen. A serial dog killer starts stalking local parks and the team are forced into taking on the case.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Diamond Geezers
Likely Lad James Bolam stars in the quirky series mixing crime with comedy. The team go after the vile Chopper Hadley, back in the country for just one week.
tomorrow, 9pm
Remind Me
Wicca Work
Mystery with the amiable team of experienced, older detectives. An unhinged woman insists the death of a lonely librarian was due to witchcraft.
January 26, 9pm
Remind Me
Bank Robbery
Mystery and comedy with our team of mature detectives using 20th century skills to fight 21st century crime. The team target Ray Cook, a criminal turned celebrity.
February 2, 9pm
Remind Me
Ice Cream Wars
Dennis Waterman teams up with James Bolam in the hit cop drama. The case of the ice cream bandit, an armed robber who targeted ice cream vans, is re-opened.
February 9, 9pm
Remind Me
Congratulations
Another mysterious case for the experienced detectives. Pullman struggles to keep the boys in line as their chequered pasts begin to catch up with them.
February 16, 9pm
See episodes Hide episodes
Casualty
An involving mystery for the veteran detectives including James Bolam and Dennis Waterman. Jack decides to take revenge against his wife's killer by running him down.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
God's Waiting Room
Amanda Redman stars in the light-hearted crime drama about the charismatic ageing coppers. The team look into a suspicious death in an old people's home.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Ducking and Diving
James Bolam and Dennis Waterman are veteran cops in the popular crime series. A case is re-opened when a security van is found at the bottom of a lake.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Nine Lives
James Bolam and Amanda Redman star in the popular crime drama. An elderly lady's body is discovered, partly consumed by her horde of cats. Jack thinks it's murder.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Powerhouse
Dennis Waterman and James Bolam are among the ageing detectives in the popular crime drama. The team probe the case of one of the last men to be hanged in Britain.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Buried Treasure
Alun Armstrong and James Bolam star in the hugely popular crime caper. When Brian's dog finds a body on a common, it prompts two people to confess to murder.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Father's Pride
James Bolam and Dennis Waterman (who does indeed sing the theme tune) star in the great mystery series. The team probe a murder in a photographer's shop.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Big Topped
James Bolam and Amanda Redman star in the popular series featuring an eccentric group of ex-police officers. The team investigate the death of a circus ringmaster.
Not scheduled
See episodes Hide episodes
Spare Parts
Popular series about a team of ex-cops investigating unsolved cases. Here, they probe the murder of a wealthy businessman, and uncover an organ donor racket.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Final Curtain
A gritty murder mystery for those long in the tooth cops. The team return to the 1992 case of an actor, shot dead by his wife on stage. With guest Claire Bloom.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
A Face for Radio
03/08. A baffling murder mystery for the veteran detectives. The team reopens the case of a popular DJ who died on air after an arson attack at an 80s music station.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Loyalties and Royalties
Those amiable detectives brush the dust off another unsolved mystery. When a guitarist is killed, Gerry gets to meet his heroes, rock band Bad Faith.
Not scheduled
See episodes Hide episodes
The War Against Drugs
Adventures with those amiable middle-aged sleuths. Brian reluctantly goes into rehab, but is soon investigating the death of a drug addict at the clinic.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Death of a Timeshare Salesman
A puzzling case for the veteran sleuths. A former escort girl finds God and confesses all, leading the team to probe a timeshare magnate's death.
Friday, 10pm
Not scheduled
The Truth Is Out There
Another case for our favourite middle-aged detectives. The team investigate a cover-up which conspiracy theorists think is linked to a crash-landed UFO.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Shadow Show
A puzzling case for Sandra, Jack, Gerry and Brian. When clips of missing actress Eva Roderick are posted on the internet, the team are forced to re-open the case.
tomorrow, 10pm
Not scheduled
The Last Laugh
A mystery for the mature detectives including ex-Minder Dennis Waterman. The team look for two missing activists who waged a campaign against a racist comedian.
Monday, 10pm
Not scheduled
Fresh Starts
A fresh mystery to be cracked by our favourite bunch of veteran detectives. The team exhumes a car crash victim after her husband claims to have seen her alive.
today, 10pm
Not scheduled
Blood Is Thicker Than Water
Amanda Redman et al take on another mystery in the popular series. A witness claims that a riverboat disaster on the Thames was caused by sabotage.
Tuesday, 10pm
Not scheduled
Meat Is Murder
Family secrets come to the fore in this episode of the hit crime drama. The results of a routine DNA test lead Pullman to a shattering discovery about her past.
January 25, 10pm
See episodes Hide episodes
Dead Man Talking
Amanda Redman and James Bolam star in the popular mystery caper. The team investigates when a psychic claims to be in touch with the spirit of a wealthy man.
January 26, 10pm
Not scheduled
It Smells of Books
Dennis Waterman and Alun Armstrong star in the hit mystery caper. The team probe the death of a university professor with Lane going undercover in academia.
January 27, 10pm
Not scheduled
Left Field
Alun Armstrong and Amanda Redman star in the hugely popular mystery series. A recently paroled prisoner confesses to the abduction of a child 25 years previously.
January 30, 10pm
Not scheduled
Dark Chocolate
The popular crime caper with some of the nation's favourite actors, including Dennis Waterman and James Bolam. The team probe an attack at a chocolate factory.
January 31, 10pm
Not scheduled
Good Morning Lemmings
Another involving case for the veteran detective team comprised of some of the UK's favourite actors. The team probes the death of a graffiti artist.
February 1, 10pm
Not scheduled
Fashion Victim
A glamorous case for the veteran detectives in the popular crime caper. The wife of a murdered fashion designer persuades the team to reinvestigate the case.
February 2, 10pm
Not scheduled
Where There's Smoke
Adventures with the charming middle-aged detectives. The team receive information that a club fire in 1996 that killed a criminal was an arson attack.
February 3, 10pm
Not scheduled
Coming Out Ball
The hugely popular crime drama starring some of Britain's favourite actors. The team probe the abduction of an 18-year-old daughter of an arms manufacturer.
February 6, 10pm
Not scheduled
Gloves Off
The popular mystery series starring James Bolam and Amanda Redman. The gun used to kill a boxer years ago surfaces in an armed robbery. Maggie O'Neill guest stars.
February 7, 10pm
Not scheduled
The Fourth Man
A dangerous case for the middle-aged detectives. The team uncover police corruption when probing a 30-year-old robbery, and someone wants them silenced for good.
Not scheduled
See episodes Hide episodes
Old Fossils
Crime caper with the experienced detectives. James Bolam, Amanda Redman and team probe the death of a palaeontologist at the Natural History Museum.
February 8, 10pm
Not scheduled
Moving Target
The hugely popular crime drama series with a cast of the nation's favourites. The UCOS team reinvestigate a hit and run that left a cycle courier with amnesia.
February 14, 10pm
Not scheduled
Objects of Desire
The ever-popular crime drama with a cast of the nation's favourites. When the team reinvestigate the murder of an antiques dealer, Sandra meets an old flame.
February 15, 10pm
Not scheduled
Setting Out Your Stall
The hugely popular crime drama series with a cast of the nation's favourites. The UCOS team investigate the death of a market trader, Kathy Green.
February 13, 10pm
Not scheduled
The Gentleman Vanishes
The ever-popular crime drama with a cast of the nation's favourites. The team probe the disappearance of a prominent physics professor.
February 16, 10pm
Not scheduled
Only the Brave
The ever-popular crime drama with a cast of the nation's TV favourites. The team reinvestigate the death of Eddie Chapman, leader of a notorious gang of bikers.
February 17, 10pm
Not scheduled
Half Life
The ever-popular crime drama with a cast of the nation's favourite actors. UCOS reinvestigate the murder of an unidentified male found in a West London alleyway.
February 20, 10pm
Not scheduled
Tiger, Tiger
The ever-popular crime drama with a cast of the nation's favourites. UCOS reopens the case of a zoo keeper who was found dead in a tiger enclosure.
February 21, 10pm
Not scheduled
End of the Line
Another mystery for James Bolam, Dennis Waterman and friends. The detectives reinvestigate the murder of a vagrant strangled on a tube train 15 years ago.
February 9, 10pm
Not scheduled
Lost in Translation
Another gruelling case for James Bolam and the experienced ex-police officers. The team investigate a crucified body found near Waltham Forest in 1996.
February 10, 10pm
See episodes Hide episodes
A Death in the Family
A mystery for Britain's favourite detectives and it's time to say farewell to James Bolam. The team have 24 hours to solve a 100-year-old murder.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Old School Ties
A mystery for Dennis Waterman and Amanda Redman in the hugely popular crime drama. The UCOS team search for a missing PE teacher at an elite boarding school.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Queen and Country
A fresh mystery for Amanda Redman and her team of charismatic detectives. Sandra is forced to break the rules to expose a Foreign Office cover-up.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
The Girl Who Lived
Crime drama with the veteran detectives. Sandra, Gerry and Brian have their feathers ruffled when Steve McAndrew, a detective from Glasgow, arrives.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Body of Evidence
Alun Armstrong and Amanda Redman star in the popular crime drama. The body of a missing computer expert turns up in a hospital morgue under a false name.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Love Means Nothing in Tennis
Dennis Waterman stars in the popular drama about an eccentric team of veteran detectives. UCOS investigate the death of a young tennis champion.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Dead Poets
Dennis Waterman stars in the immensely popular crime drama about veteran detectives. UCOS re-open the case of a talented poet whose body was found in a scrapyard.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Blue Flower
Amanda Redman stars in the immensely popular crime drama about veteran detectives. UCOS must decipher the strange last words of an East German immigrant.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Glasgow UCOS
A trip to Bonnie Scotland for Dennis Waterman and Denis Lawson in the popular crime drama. Standing and McAndrew travel to Glasgow to help establish a new team.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Part of a Whole
Dennis Waterman stars in the hugely popular crime drama. Strickland turns to the team for help when his past returns to haunt him and his life's in peril.
Not scheduled
See episodes Hide episodes
The Rock - Part One
Alun Armstrong stars in the hugely popular crime drama about veteran detectives. Lane's future at UCOS is threatened by a death in the past.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
The Rock - Part Two
Amanda Redman stars in the popular crime drama. The team unlock decades of secrets on the Rock of Gibraltar while probing the murder of a shipping heir.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
The Sins Of The Father
The popular crime drama. Brian Lane knows his days at UCOS are numbered. Meanwhile, the team investigate the 16-year-old murder of a young mum.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
The Little Brother
The popular and long-running veteran detective crime drama. As Lane comes to terms with life after UCOS, Esther asks him to help find a missing friend.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Cry Me a River
Denis Lawson stars in this crime drama. A young woman's paternity test leads to the reopening of a murder case from the underworld of 1980s Soho.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Into the Woods
Dennis Lawson and Nicholas Lyndhurst take over as the veteran detectives in the crime drama. UCOS must solve an apparently perfect vanishing act.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Things Can Only Get Better
Crime drama with Amanda Redman. The team investigate the death of an MP's researcher and find themselves in hot pursuit of a mysterious Bosnian woman.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
The One That Got Away
Amanda Redman stars, perhaps for the last time, in the popular crime drama. Pullman seizes the chance to solve a murder linked to her first case.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Roots
Feathers are ruffled when new boss DCI Sasha Miller (Tamzin Outhwaite) arrives to take over the running of UCOS. Elsewhere, an unexploded World War II bomb is unearthed.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Wild Justice
It's all change for the veteran detectives as new boss Sasha is faced with a dilemma. An investigation into corruption calls into question a previous conviction.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Tender Loving Care
Denis Lawson and Nicholas Lyndhurst star in the long-running crime caper. The team investigate the unsolved killing of brilliant young doctor Lydia Dryden.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Deep Swimming
Nicholas Lyndhurst and Denis Lawson star in the crime caper. A dynamic city lawyer, Bryony Willis, receives a note to say that her father was murdered.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Ghosts
Mystery series. When Steve's son Stewie is arrested for drug possession, he joins forces with his ex-wife Tricia in an attempt to rescue Stewie from a downward spiral.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
London Underground
Nicholas Lyndhurst stars in the hugely popular mystery series. Ned and Sasha are forced to work together when the body of a film critic is found in a sewer.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Romans Ruined
Denis Lawson and Nicholas Lyndhurst star in the crime drama. The team investigate the death of a personal trainer who belonged to a Roman re-enactment society.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
In Vino Veritas
The long-running mystery series, now featuring Nicholas Lyndhurst. The arrest of a Turkish barmaid working in London reopens a cold case of a suspected arson.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
The English Defence
Tamzin Outhwaite leads the veteran detective team. When a teenager is caught throwing a brick from a bridge, his DNA matches with a murderer.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Breadcrumbs
Dennis Waterman stars in the long-running, popular crime drama. Tragedy strikes for Griffin when his friend Ellen Barker is found murdered.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
The Queen's Speech
Is time up for the veteran detectives in the hugely popular crime drama? A time capsule is dug up with a message from a murdered girl warning of nuclear war.
Not scheduled
Last Man Standing, Part Two
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
The Curate's Egg
Larry Lamb joins the popular crime drama. Danny and Steve 'welcome' new boss Ted as they investigate the death of a vicar who received hate mail.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
The Wolf of Wallbrook
Larry Lamb heads the team of retired detectives investigating unsolved crimes. The team probe the suicide of a city trader embroiled in a cut-throat world.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Prodigal Sons
Tamzin Outhwaite stars in the crime drama about the team of veteran detectives. As Sasha returns, UCOS investigate the death of a talented cricket prodigy.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
The Fame Game
Nicholas Lyndhurst stars in the long-running drama about the veteran detectives. The team investigate an apparent double suicide at a lookalike agency.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
The Russian Cousin
Nicholas Lyndhurst stars in the long-running drama with the veteran detectives. The team investigate the death of a private investigator in a robbery gone wrong.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Lottery Curse
Nicholas Lyndhurst stars in the long-running mystery drama. A skeleton uncovered in the foundations of a pool is identified as a missing lottery winner.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
Life Expectancy
Nicholas Lyndhurst stars in the popular crime drama about the veteran detectives, who this time probe a case involving cryopreservation and alternative medicine.
Not scheduled
Not scheduled
The Crazy Gang
After twelve years, the hit crime drama concludes with this final episode. UCOS are threatened with closure following their perceived mishandling of a case.
Not scheduled
| i don't know |
A ‘Bloody Maria’ cocktail traditionally contains which spirit? | The Food Lab, Drinks Edition: The Ultimate Fully Loaded Bloody Mary | Serious Eats
The Food Lab, Drinks Edition: The Ultimate Fully Loaded Bloody Mary
58
Queen of the brunch table, arch-nemesis of hangovers, and mistress of the morning. Max Davidson of the Daily Telegraph has called it the "world's most complex cocktail," if only for the sheer number of ingredients that can go into it. Add into that the number of different spirit-based variations (the Bloody Maria with tequila, Bloody Bishop with Sherry, Bloody Fairy with absinthe, etc), and you end up with more options than you can shake a, well, a shaker at.
The ingredients and flavor profiles of a Bloody Mary are as complex and varied as the hangovers that spawn them. Not only that, but according to the American Chemical Society , the unique combination of ingredients and their reactions with each other creates literally hundreds of different flavor compounds that cover the entire range of human taste with the exception of bitterness. These flavor compounds are volatile and ever-changing, which means that for best results, you should mix your Bloody Mary fresh and serve it over plenty of ice to keep those chemical reactions at bay and keep the flavor in your glass.
Some people prefer the straight-up salty sweetness of tomato juice and celery. Others (like myself), the nose-biting, sinus-clearing pungency of horseradish or the hot bite of black pepper. Still others like to taint their drinks with copious amounts of briny olive juice (the heathen!).
So you can see the problem with trying to come up with "an ultimate" Bloody Mary recipe. One person's cure might be another's sickness. Horses for courses. Different drinks for different needs, and all that.
However, there are a few ground rules that can be generally agreed upon for the ideal Bloody Mary. Let's take a look at them (I'll also point out what I personally like in my cocktails)
It Must Be Tomato Juice Based
It's what puts the blood in the bloody, and what gives Bloody Marys their unique savory quality. Tomatoes contain high levels of glutamic acid, the essential amino acid that gives savory foods like meat, cheese, and mushrooms their mouthwatering umami flavor. This is the single most important ingredient in a Bloody Mary, so make sure you get a high quality, flavorful tomato juice.
Variations:
V8 Juice for those who like a bit more complexity and vegetable matter in their cocktail.
Clamato adds another layer of savoriness, though it can be horribly off-putting to some.
I'm a straight-up tomato juice kind of guy here.
Add Savory Ingredients
Tomato juice is savory on its own, but if you really want to up the umami-factor and turn this into a cocktail that drinks like a meal, consider adding a few other extra-savory ingredients, such as:
Worcestershire sauce. It's a classic Bloody Mary addition flavored with anchovies, tamarind, and dozens of other spices, adding richness and complexity to your dink.
Beef Consommé. Bouillon cubes, demi-glace, or liquid consommé when used sparingly can give your cocktail the beefy, savory boost it needs. Just don't tell your vegetarian friends.
Soy Sauce. Put a sushi condiment in your drink? Hell yes! just like with gravy and soup, a few drops of soy sauce can add a mysterious depth of flavor without overwhelming.
Maggi Seasoning. This liquid amino extract (basically the same stuff as Gravy Master) is the secret weapon of the best bánh mì shops, adding savoriness in spades.
I very rarely go for all four, usually settling on a mix of Worcestershire and Maggi or soy.
Spice It Up!
Not to be confused with nose-tingling pungency of horseradish-type roots, I'm talking bout capsicum heat here—the kind that lingers on your tongue with a gentle burn. Some people like to overwhelm their Bloody Marys with intensely spicy chili peppers, but I personally find that their heat is more distracting than satisfying. Instead, I prefer to get my heat from three sources:
Black pepper forms the hot aromatic backbone of my three-pronged approach to heat.
A dash of Cayenne adds spiciness that lingers on your tongue.
Hot sauce adds not only heat, but a touch of acidity as well, brightening up the drink. Tabasco is traditional, but I'm a Frank's guy.
Clear Your Sinuses
Here comes that second kind of heat; the mustard-gas kind that rises up your nose and clear your sinuses. Horseradish is the obvious choice here (though some fresh wasabi might be fun too).
The question is: fresh or prepared? Prepared horseradish, made by grating horseradish and preserving it with salt and vinegar, can be totally fine in a pinch, so long as the bottles are relatively fresh (horseradish loses pungency as it sits).
To take your Bloody Marys to the next level, however, you should opt for fresh horseradish, grating it yourself on a microplane grater just before mixing your drink. It has a much more pronounced heat and aroma, and won't leave unpleasant chunks in your drink like prepared horseradish can.
Don't Worry About the Vodka
With so much going on in that glass, the vodka is the least of your worries. Its only role in this drink is to bring a bit of the hair of the dog back to the party, so any decent cheap brand will do. Save your expensive stuff for spirit-forward drinks!
Acid and Ice!
All that savoriness and heat can be overwhelming in a cocktail unless you balance it out by diluting it with ice and acid.
A Bloody Mary should always be shaken vigorously with plenty of ice in order to properly chill and dilute it. You want to use lots of ice in the shaker because it's the surface moisture clinging to that ice that's going to be primarily watering down your drink. Make sure your glass is well-chilled before pouring the drink into it.
Acidity is key. I like my Bloody Mary with a squeeze of lemon juice, though lime juice can be a fun alternative. Some people pour pickle juice or olive juice into the shaker as well. I say no thanks (save that olive juice for dirty martinis!)
And as for the glass, a nice celery salt rim gives you something to lick on between sips.
Garnishes
Here's where personal preference really comes into play. Some like to go commando, while others go all out with a full four-course skewered feast featuring olives and other pickles as an hors d'œuvre, cocktail shrimp as an appetizer, deli meats, boiled eggs, and crab claws as a main course, and a nice fat stalk of celery as a post-meal palate cleanser.
At the very least, offer a stalk of celery to give fidgety drinkers something to poke around with while they nurse their hangovers.
Check out my personal recipe for the ultimate Bloody Mary here , then tell me: how do you take yours?
Get the Recipe
| Tequila |
Sri Lanka lies in which ocean? | Classic Cocktails in History: the Bloody Mary | The Alcohol Professor
Classic Cocktails in History: the Bloody Mary
Brian Petro | November 13, 2014 | Cocktails , Lifestyle | 1 Comment
photo by Davide
Sunday morning. Your stomach is a little delicate, your head is pounding, and every noise sounds like a thunderclap. You get out of bed, shower, and head out for brunch with friends, rocking the darkest glasses you have. It is not clear when the sun became so bright, but it certainly feels like someone turned up the intensity. Perusing the menu of your chosen brunch spot, you are looking for something that will sit well in your stomach. It all sounds a little dicey, until you get to the cocktail menu and see it: the Bloody Mary. No matter how rough the night was before, a Bloody Mary sounds great the next day. It is a cocktail that has risen from a curiosity in a Paris cocktail bar to a staple of brunch around the world. You would be hard pressed to find this cocktail excluded from any book of classic cocktails. You would also be hard pressed to find any two bartenders that use the same recipe. This is where the Bloody Mary gets interesting.
Two fronts that converged on Paris during the 1920’s contributed to the creation of this flexible cocktail. Bartenders were fleeing the now bone-dry United States, especially the elite ones. They wanted to continue to practice their craft, not hustle toxic liquor hidden in strong mixers to die hard drinkers. Many set up shop in Europe and the Caribbean, some returning when the 21st Amendment was passed. They carried the American spirit of ingenuity with them, including canned juices. Russians were moving into Paris as well. They were escaping the transformation of their home country from a monarchy into a laboratory for the ideals of Marx and Lenin. They took with them all of the trappings of their home country and fled with a different spirit, vodka. Vodka was not a popular spirit outside of Russia, Poland, and the Scandinavian countries. Its move into Paris gave the new bartenders there a fresh ingredient to experiment with. That blank canvas is what Ferdinand “Pete” Petiot started with at Harry’s New York Bar in Paris. His experiments with the Russian spirit and the American canned tomato juice gave him a cocktail he was pleased with. It was a half vodka, half tomato juice concoction he named the Bloody Mary. Though if you asked him, he had a little help from Vaudevillian star George Jessel. Petiot, in a 1964 interview with The New Yorker, states that “George Jessel said he created it, but it was really nothing but vodka and tomato juice when I took it over.”
George Jessel ctsy Stage Door Canteen
That changed really occurred once Petiot came back to the U.S. to take over bartending duties at the King Cole Room in the St. Regis Hotel. According to the King Cole Bar and Saloon’s website , Russian prince and businessman Serge Obolensky wanted a Bloody Mary, but wanted it spiced up. Petiot added salt, pepper, Worcestershire sauce, and lemon juice. He shook it into the original half and half mixture Jessel suggested, and a star was born! Looking at the King Cole Bar’s site, you won’t find a listing for the Bloody Mary. You will find one for the Red Snapper, which is what the cocktail was renamed by the owner, Vincent Astor. He thought that the name was too vulgar for an upscale establishment. The name change also led to speculation there was a change in the base spirit. Gin was far more common in the United States at that time, but vodka was not as scarce as we’d like to imagine. Cocktail books from the era, notably the 1941 Cocktail Guide and Ladies Companion by Crosby Gaige , listed the Red Snapper as made with vodka, not gin. Lucius Beebe wrote about it several times in the New York Herald Tribune around 1940, mentioning vodka as well. The confusion may come from the fact that gin is used in the modern Red Snapper variation of the Bloody Mary.
photo by Jill G
The attraction to the cocktail, for bartenders and consumers alike, is the flexibility of what goes into it. There is a tomato-based component to the mixer, but that is generally the only consistent piece of the puzzle. The International Bartenders Association lists the ingredients as such:
1.5 oz. (45 ml) vodka
3 oz. (90 ml) tomato juice
.5 oz. (15 ml) lemon juice
2 to 3 dashes of Worcestershire Sauce
Tabasco Sauce
Celery Salt
Pepper
Stir gently, pour all ingredients into a highball glass. Garnish with celery and a lemon wedge (optional).
The King Cole Bar and Saloon still sells hundreds of Bloody Marys, and this is the recipe they currently use:
1 oz. (30 ml) vodka
2 oz. (60 ml) tomato juice
1 dash of lemon juice
2 dashes of salt
2 dashed of black pepper
2 dashes of cayenne pepper
3 dashes of Worcestershire sauce
Garnished with a lemon wedge and stalk of celery
King Cole Bar, photo by My Life in a Bungalow
Dale DeGroff, in The Essential Cocktail , has the following recipe:
2 oz. (60 ml) Vodka
4 oz. (120 ml) Sacramento tomato juice
.5 oz. (15 ml) Fresh squeezed lemon juice
3 dashes of Tabasco Sauce
2 dashes of Worcestershire sauce
Pinch each of salt and freshly ground pepper
Dash of celery salt (optional)
Freshly grated horseradish to taste (optional)
In a mixing glass, combine all the ingredients. Add ice and roll back and forth to mix. Strain into an iced goblet and garnish with lemon and lime wedges on a side plate.
And there the deviations begin. It is a small one, but shows that every Bloody Mary offers the opportunity for the bartender to leave their own imprint on it. There are variations where you can substitute the tomato juice for tomato water. Epicurious has a nice base recipe for tomato water, and all you need is 10 medium tomatoes, some salt and time. There are many tomato water recipes that include spices in them, but this one is an excellent base. If you are going with traditional tomato juice, the ingredients you can add cover the spectrum. The list includes, but is not limited to: bitters, pickles, pickled peppers, fennel, Creole seasoning, Cayenne pepper, sriracha, mustard, steak sauce, barbecue sauce, lime juice (substituted for lemon juice), orange juice, vinegar, cilantro, molasses, balsamic syrup, soy sauce, and a variety of beers. You can make it sweet, savory, blistering hot or relatively mild. There is no limit to how many ingredients you can add.
There are a few additions you can make to the Bloody Mary that changes the name and the flavor profile entirely. Adding clam juice to the tomato juice will create a Bloody Caesar, which is extremely popular in Canada. Adding beef broth brings a rich taste to the drink and creates a Bloody Bull. Along with the variations in the tomato juice, there are several variations in the base spirit you can use. Much like a martini, some connoisseurs will consider it a Bloody Mary with either gin or vodka. There are some fine establishments that make their Bloody Marys with a nice whiskey. Almost universally, adding tequila changes it to a Bloody Maria. In some Bloody Marias you can find equal parts tomato and either orange or pineapple juice, turning the mixer into something resembling a sangrita.
If you go with vodka for your base spirit, there are still many options to consider. It should blend into the cocktail and disappear, so don’t think the well vodka is going to cut it! Rarely will you see a specific vodka called out for the creation of a Bloody Mary, but few flavored vodkas marry perfectly into the rich mixture. Bakon Vodka offers a savory and meaty undertone to the cocktail, especially if you have a crisp slice of bacon as a garnish. UV released a spicy and sweet Sriracha vodka at the end of 2013 that will add a little extra kick to you morning drink. Stolichnaya offers Hot, their jalapeno tinted vodka for the Bloody Mary set. And if you are really looking to sear the taste buds off your tongue with heat, 100,000 Scoville Naga Chili Vodka is the spirit for you. The granddaddy of all pepper vodkas goes to Absolut, and their Absolut Peppar . They saw the direction the cocktail culture was going in the 1980’s. It was embracing the Bloody Mary with gusto. This made it easy for Absolut to make it the first flavored vodka they released in the United States.
ctsy Sobelman’s Pub and Grill, Milwaukee
There are some bars that pride themselves on what goes into the Bloody Mary mix. There are some where the cocktail is not the story, it is entirely about the garnish. There are garnishes that, over time, could be considered legendary. They are not garnishes as much as they are sculptures, monuments to what you can do with time, wood skewers, a wide ranging menu, and ingenuity. They are meals in and of themselves. Or they are pieces of Bloody Mary lore. O’Davey’s Pub in Fond du Lac, WI, offered a limited edition Bloody Mary garnished with sausages, popcorn, mini-burgers, nachos, and more. Score on Davie in Vancouver, BC also has a menu featuring over the top Bloody Caesars, including the Grilled Chaesar (complete with a grilled cheese sandwich), and the Luongo, which would be served in a large silver chalice, but just could not quite make it there. Sunda in Chicago makes some off-the-chart Bloody Mary garnishes, including ones with Wagyu beef, soft shell crabs, herb roasted potatoes, tocino (Spanish bacon) grilled cheese, and a variety of other gourmet treats. Lest you think only the north goes out of their way for garnishes, The Nook in Atlanta, GA offers the Bloody Best , covered with tater tots, steak, eggs, bacon, and other savory toppings to a spicy cocktail. The undisputed champion, though is Sobelman’s in Milwaukee, WI. They have made headlines before with The Masterpiece and The Beast , but what they did in August this year set a new bar . They deep fried a four pound chicken and set it on top of a jug of Bloody Mary. Then they added cheeseburger sliders, bacon wrapped jalapeno poppers, mini-sausages, and just for some traditional flair, some celery and olives. It sold for $50, and 10% of the proceeds went to a local hunger task force. There is a bar out there right now figuring out how to outdo that garnish.
What DOES make that great Sunday morning Bloody Mary? Is it the spicy concoction in the glass? Is it the extreme garnish, some may say meal, that sits on top of the glass? Or is it just the tomato juice and food combination that works to help shake off that hangover? Like the cocktail itself, the real reason is open to interpretation. It is one of the few recipes in the realm of bartending that allows the person mixing it to translate it into whatever they want it to be. No matter how you assemble it, the Bloody Mary is a labor of love and a wonderful drink to spend a Sunday morning with.
Editor’s note: While we at Alcohol Professor always encourage you to make your own cocktail mixes over buying pre-made ones, there are some exceptions on the market that offer high quality alternatives with unique ingredients. In this case, homemade BBQ sauce! Ubon’s Bloody Mary Mix came to market when two nice Jewish boys from NJ dabbling in BBQ discovered the rich, natural texture of this Bloody Mary mix. It’s based on a family sauce recipe that was used in the morning BBQ pre-competition Bloodies served up by the BBQ circuit’s most hospitable third generation pitmaster, Gary Roark.
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Which singer-songwriter wrote the hit single ‘The First Cut is the Deepest’? | Cat Stevens — The First Cut Is The Deepest — Listen, watch, download and discover music for free at Last.fm
cat stevens
"The First Cut Is the Deepest" is a 1967 song written and sung by Cat Stevens. It has become a hit single for five different artists: P.P. Arnold (1967), Keith Hampshire (1973), Rod Stewart (1977) Sheryl Crow (2003), and James Morrison (2006). The song is covered by more than a dozen other musicians as well.
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Which British Prime Minister was the 1st Earl of Stockton? | Cat Stevens - The First Cut Is The Deepest - YouTube
Cat Stevens - The First Cut Is The Deepest
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Uploaded on Jul 8, 2007
The First Cut Is The Deepest- Yusuf Islam formerly Cat Stevens
When it comes to be lucky she's cursed.
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How high in feet, normally, is a standard basketball hoop off the ground? | Patent US5102127 - Package-unit adjustable-height basketball backboard support - Google Patents
Package-unit adjustable-height basketball backboard support
US 5102127 A
Abstract
A pre-assembled package-unit for adjusting the height of a basketball backboard includes a fixed assembly including a pair of vertical square tubes into whose downward ends fit the square tubes of an upward telescoping assembly which bears lower brackets to support the backboard. On the outer square surfaces of the fixed assembly slide the internally-squared surfaces of upper brackets extending to the backboard. An electric linear actuator, mounted on the fixed assembly and extending to the telescoping assembly, is powered and controlled from below by a hand-held electric wand to adjust the height of the backboard. The squared construction firmly resists side forces imposed on the backboard.
Images(1)
Claims(5)
I claim:
1. For interposition between a basketball backboard and structural support means therefor, an upward-telescoping height-adjustable mount means comprising
(A) a stationary frame portion having two parallel vertical fixed-position members comprised of metal tubing, having non-round exterior and interior surfaces,
said members having open lower ends and interior slide surfaces extending upward therefrom, and
upper beam means interconnecting their upper ends;
(B) a telescoping-frame portion including two parallel telescoping vertical members having outer slide surfaces fittable slidable within the open lower ends and interior slide surfaces of said stationary-frame portion fixed members, and having downward-projecting lower ends and beam means interconnecting said ends,
there being at said downward-projecting ends, lower bracket means projecting therefrom away from plane of said two parallel stationary-frame portion fixed members,
whereby to project toward such backboard, further including
(C) upper backboard bracket members similarly projecting from said plane and including means for vertical sliding along the exterior surfaces of said stationary-frame tubular members, together further with
(D) linear actuator means for adjustably establishing the vertical spacing between said upper beam means of said fixed frame and said beam means of said telescoping frame,
whereby on securing both said lower bracket means and said upper bracket means to such backboard, and on operating said linear actuator, the slide surfaces of said telescoping frame vertical members may slide vertically within the interior slide surfaces of said stationary-frame vertical members while said means for vertical sliding of said upper bracket members slide vertically along the exterior slide surfaces of said stationary-frame vertical members, nevertheless resisting sideward forces imposed on such backboard.
2. The upward-telescoping height-adjustable mount means as defined in claim 1, wherein
said linear actuator means has a mounting point at said stationary-frame upper beam means, and operatively extends to said telescoping-frame beam means, and
conductor and control means for supplying electric current to said linear actuator for extension and retraction thereof.
3. The upward-telescoping height-adjustable mount means as defined in claim 2, further including
a receptacle projecting from and presented downwardly from the stationary portion of said mount means, together with
a rigid wand mounting an electric connector extending from a plug end for mating with said receptacle.
4. The upward-telescoping height-adjustable mount means as defined in claim 1, further including lower beam means interconnecting said lower ends of said stationary-frame vertical members wherein
the stationary portion of said mount means includes a downwardly-presented electric receptacle therefor in further combination with
a hand-carried electric-conduit wand having at one end an electric plug adapted to mate with and disconnect from said receptacle.
5. The upward-telescoping height-adjustable backboard mount means as defined in claim 1, wherein
said upper backboard bracket member means for vertical sliding includes
slide-sleeve means about said fixed-frame member exterior slide surfaces, said means further including
roller means so mounted to minimize friction with stationary-frame member exterior sliding surfaces.
Description
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to basketball backboard mounting assemblies having variable height adjustment means.
2. Description of Related Art
Basketball hoops mounted on backboards are normally supported from above at a height of ten feet. This height is formidable for shorter players and almost impossible for children. Adjustable-height backboard support units which permit the basket hoop to be lowered to say eight feet, are in use at school gymnasiums, YMCA's and like places. Those adjustable units known to Applicant require on-site assembly and installation, usually on a pair of vertical round tubes mounted from a ceiling structure and assembly, to be made at site, including a second pair of tubes from which backboard support brackets project forwardly. A crank-type linear adjustment screw raises and lowers the height-adjustable assembly relative to the fixed members.
In one prior art unit the first pair of round ceiling-mounted tubes have open lower ends into which are inserted a pair of internal tubes which telescope slidingly upward within the fixed tubes. From the lower ends of the interior telescoping tubes, brackets extend forward to a third pair of tubes from which forward-projecting brackets are used to mount the backboard. The upper ends of the third pair of tubes have ring-like slides which slide along the outer wall of the fixed tube.
An inherent weakness in these height-adjustable support mechanisms, besides the inconvenience of assembling them on site, and the frequent maintenance required to tighten the various components, is the fact that sideward forces applied to the basketball hoop or backboard cause the brackets which project forward from the slidable tubes to deflect angularly. While this angular deflection is resisted by the backboard itself, out-of-plane stresses are imposed on the backboard, which may in time damage it. Since the tubes are round, this problem is not alleviated by increasing their diameter or wall thickness.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The purposes of the present invention are to provide, as a pre-assembled package unit for adjusting the height of a backboard, a slender, compact, sturdy upward-telescoping structure and linear actuator mechanism, which may be readily installed as an operating unit merely by clamping it at appropriate height to an available ceiling-mounted structure; and which telescoping structure itself firmly resists side forces imposed on the backboard, to save it from damage.
The present invention is uniquely adaptable for providing such adjustability in existing installations because it may be interposed between the backboard and its structural support means, thereby maintaining the previously established regulation distance between the goals at either end of the playing court.
In the present invention, a substantially square stationary frame is welded from square (or other non-circular) hollow metal tubing. Within the two fixed vertical hollow members of the stationary frame portion are the vertical tubes of a U-shaped telescoping frame, having such external conformation as to fit slidably upward within the hollow vertical members of the stationary frame. The vertical tubes of the telescoping frame are connected beneath their lower ends by a cross beam. At each end of this cross beam is a bracket which extends forwardly, whereon to mount the lower portion of a backboard. Brackets affixed to the upper portion of the backboard extend back and upward toward the stationary frame fixed vertical members, and terminate in slide assemblies mounted on their exterior surfaces.
Because of the close fit of the telescoping vertical tubes within the fixed vertical hollow members, and the fit of the slide assemblies on their exterior surfaces, the brackets which support the backboard cannot deflect angularly, regardless of the intensity of sideward forces imposed on the hoop or backboard. This not only saves the tackboard from damage but lessens objectionable vibrations.
While the unit may utilize a familiar hand-crank operated screw actuator, a preferred feature is the inclusion in the assembly of an electric linear actuator, powered and controlled from below by a portable electrical conductive wand, which may be connected to a convenient extension cord. At the base of the wand is a manually operated control which directs the actuator to extend, retract or stop. The wand carries the three wires necessary for operation together with a ground. It is rigid, and at its upper end is a plug which may enter a downward-facing electrical receptacle borne by a cross beam of the unit.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is an elevational view without a backboard attached of the upward-telescoping adjustable-height backboard mount, with the telescoping frame portion fully extended by the linear actuator. The portable conduit and control wand is shown below the receptacle into which it may be fitted.
FIG. 2 is a side elevational view partly in cross-section as seen along line 2--2 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of one of the upper backboard bracket support assemblies as seen from above, showing the fixed and sliding vertical tubes in cross-sections, as seen along line 3--3 of FIG. 2.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
A preferred embodiment of the upward-telescoping height-adjustable mount means 10 of the present invention, shown in elevational view in FIG. 1, comprises: a stationary frame portion, generally designated 12, a telescoping frame portion, generally designated 40, upper backboard support slide bracket assemblies, generally designated 26, linear actuator means 60, and an electric control switch 76.
The stationary frame portion 12 constructed of 3/16" thick square tubular steel, 21/2" by 21/2", has vertical parallel hollow members 14, each having upper ends 21 and open lower ends 20 with interior sliding surfaces 16 and exterior sliding surfaces 18 extending upward from the lower ends 20. As shown in FIG. 1, an upper cross beam 22 having on its forward surface a clevis bracket 23 extends between the members 14 at the upper ends 21; a lower cross beam 24 (having a similar attachment point, not shown) extends between the members 14 at the open lower ends 20.
A telescoping frame portion 40, constructed from 1/8" thick square tubular steel, 2"�2", includes parallel telescoping vertical square tubes 41, shown in fully extended position in FIG. 1, one such tube 41 being shown in hidden lines in FIG. 2. Each of these vertical tubes has outer sliding surfaces 42 extending between tube upper ends 43 and the downward-projecting tube lower ends 44. A cross beam 45 having a forward surface extends, beneath the tube lower ends 44 between the telescoping vertical tube 41, the beam 45 having a clevis bracket 47 mounted at the mid-point of the forward surface. Each end of the cross beam 45 bears a rigid forwardly-extending lower backboard bracket 48, 48', at whose forward end is a vertical faced lug 50, bored for attachment of the backboard b.
Mounted on each of the exterior slide surfaces 18 of the stationary frame fixed vertical members 14 between the upper cross beam 22 and the lower cross beam 24, is an upper backboard bracket slide assembly generally designated 26, and shown in FIG. 3, made up of a yoke or "U" shaped sliding member 28 and a forwardly and downwardly slanting bracket arm 29.
The U-shaped sliding member 28 has an interior sliding surface 30 so sized as to slide along the vertical member exterior slide surfaces 18. The sliding member sides extend beyond the vertical member rear surfaces 15 to form a yoke 34, connected by a bolt 35 on which are mounted a pair of rollers 36 separated by spacers 37, 37'. The bracket arm 29 is welded to the forward surface of the U-shaped member 28 and extends downwardly and forwardly therefrom to a vertical lug end 39, bored for bolted attachment of the upper portion of the backboard b.
Conventional electric linear actuator means 60, shown in FIG. 1, available from Dayton Electric Manufacturing Company of Chicago, Ill., as Gear Motor Model 6Z086 and Linear Actuator Model 6Z091, includes a gear motor 62, a casing tube 64 extending vertically therefrom, and a drive tube 66 retractable therein, shown partially extended in FIG. 1, terminating at its end 63 remote from said gear motor 62 in an eye rod end 68.
As shown in FIG. 1, a four-wire conduit 70 leads downwardly from the linear actuator gear motor 62 to a four-wire receptacle 72 mounted on the stationary-frame portion lower cross beam front face 25 and presented downwardly for insertion of the conduit and control wand 77, hereinafter described, to enable up, down, and off control of the linear actuator 60.
Fittable within this downwardly presented receptacle 72 is the four-pronged plug 74 located at the upper end of the conduit control wand 77. The hollow plastic wand 77 illustrated in FIG. 1 contains a four-wire electric conduit, three wires for reversing control and one wire for grounding. The conduit leads from the four-pronged plug 74 to a conventional up, off, down control switch 76, obtainable from Advance Controls, Inc., contained in a box 84 which serves as a handle for the wand 77. The lower end of the control box 84 contains a conventional three-wire receptacle 86 so that power may be supplied through a conventional three-wire extension cord.
The linear actuator gear motor 62 is centrally mounted by a clevis 23 on the stationary frame upper cross beam 22 forward face; the end of the linear actuator casing tube 64 remote from the gear motor 62 is similarly attached to a central mounting point (not shown) on the stationary frame lower cross beam 24 front forward face. The linear actuator eye rod end 68 is attached to the clevis 47 on the telescoping frame portion cross beam 45.
For installation the entire assembly 10 is then attached by conventional clamps 90 to a central ceiling support a shown in phantom lines in FIG. 2. A backboard b is then attached to the lug end 39 of each upper backboard slide assembly 26 and the lug end 50 of each lower backboard bracket 48.
For adjusting the height of the backboard b, a conventional electric extension cord is inserted into the conventional three-wire receptacle 86 in the control box 84 of the wand 77, the wand four-wire plug 74 is then inserted into the four-wire receptacle 76 and the control switch 82 is used to extend or retract the linear actuator 60, thereby lowering or raising the telescoping frame portion 40.
Alternately, if the gymnasium is equipped with a pair of ceiling-mounted supports, the width of the entire stationary frame portion and telescoping frame portion may be so constructed as to coincide with that width. Mounting of the backboard on such paired supports requires that the conventional attachment means used provides sufficient clearance for sliding of the upper backboard slide assembly. To lessen the amount of such clearance, slide sleeves with flat rear surfaces may be substituted for the yoke and rollers hereinabove described. For this type of installation, a pair of upper clamps 90 are affixed around the stationary frame portion vertical members 14 at the level u indicated in FIG. 1; while similar lower clamps 90 are installed about these members at the level l, immediately above the lower cross beam 24.
As various modifications may be made in the constructions herein described and illustrated without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the foregoing description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be taken as illustrative rather than limiting.
Patent Citations
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Who plays Batman in the 2005 film ‘Batman Begins’? | Patent US5102127 - Package-unit adjustable-height basketball backboard support - Google Patents
Package-unit adjustable-height basketball backboard support
US 5102127 A
Abstract
A pre-assembled package-unit for adjusting the height of a basketball backboard includes a fixed assembly including a pair of vertical square tubes into whose downward ends fit the square tubes of an upward telescoping assembly which bears lower brackets to support the backboard. On the outer square surfaces of the fixed assembly slide the internally-squared surfaces of upper brackets extending to the backboard. An electric linear actuator, mounted on the fixed assembly and extending to the telescoping assembly, is powered and controlled from below by a hand-held electric wand to adjust the height of the backboard. The squared construction firmly resists side forces imposed on the backboard.
Images(1)
Claims(5)
I claim:
1. For interposition between a basketball backboard and structural support means therefor, an upward-telescoping height-adjustable mount means comprising
(A) a stationary frame portion having two parallel vertical fixed-position members comprised of metal tubing, having non-round exterior and interior surfaces,
said members having open lower ends and interior slide surfaces extending upward therefrom, and
upper beam means interconnecting their upper ends;
(B) a telescoping-frame portion including two parallel telescoping vertical members having outer slide surfaces fittable slidable within the open lower ends and interior slide surfaces of said stationary-frame portion fixed members, and having downward-projecting lower ends and beam means interconnecting said ends,
there being at said downward-projecting ends, lower bracket means projecting therefrom away from plane of said two parallel stationary-frame portion fixed members,
whereby to project toward such backboard, further including
(C) upper backboard bracket members similarly projecting from said plane and including means for vertical sliding along the exterior surfaces of said stationary-frame tubular members, together further with
(D) linear actuator means for adjustably establishing the vertical spacing between said upper beam means of said fixed frame and said beam means of said telescoping frame,
whereby on securing both said lower bracket means and said upper bracket means to such backboard, and on operating said linear actuator, the slide surfaces of said telescoping frame vertical members may slide vertically within the interior slide surfaces of said stationary-frame vertical members while said means for vertical sliding of said upper bracket members slide vertically along the exterior slide surfaces of said stationary-frame vertical members, nevertheless resisting sideward forces imposed on such backboard.
2. The upward-telescoping height-adjustable mount means as defined in claim 1, wherein
said linear actuator means has a mounting point at said stationary-frame upper beam means, and operatively extends to said telescoping-frame beam means, and
conductor and control means for supplying electric current to said linear actuator for extension and retraction thereof.
3. The upward-telescoping height-adjustable mount means as defined in claim 2, further including
a receptacle projecting from and presented downwardly from the stationary portion of said mount means, together with
a rigid wand mounting an electric connector extending from a plug end for mating with said receptacle.
4. The upward-telescoping height-adjustable mount means as defined in claim 1, further including lower beam means interconnecting said lower ends of said stationary-frame vertical members wherein
the stationary portion of said mount means includes a downwardly-presented electric receptacle therefor in further combination with
a hand-carried electric-conduit wand having at one end an electric plug adapted to mate with and disconnect from said receptacle.
5. The upward-telescoping height-adjustable backboard mount means as defined in claim 1, wherein
said upper backboard bracket member means for vertical sliding includes
slide-sleeve means about said fixed-frame member exterior slide surfaces, said means further including
roller means so mounted to minimize friction with stationary-frame member exterior sliding surfaces.
Description
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to basketball backboard mounting assemblies having variable height adjustment means.
2. Description of Related Art
Basketball hoops mounted on backboards are normally supported from above at a height of ten feet. This height is formidable for shorter players and almost impossible for children. Adjustable-height backboard support units which permit the basket hoop to be lowered to say eight feet, are in use at school gymnasiums, YMCA's and like places. Those adjustable units known to Applicant require on-site assembly and installation, usually on a pair of vertical round tubes mounted from a ceiling structure and assembly, to be made at site, including a second pair of tubes from which backboard support brackets project forwardly. A crank-type linear adjustment screw raises and lowers the height-adjustable assembly relative to the fixed members.
In one prior art unit the first pair of round ceiling-mounted tubes have open lower ends into which are inserted a pair of internal tubes which telescope slidingly upward within the fixed tubes. From the lower ends of the interior telescoping tubes, brackets extend forward to a third pair of tubes from which forward-projecting brackets are used to mount the backboard. The upper ends of the third pair of tubes have ring-like slides which slide along the outer wall of the fixed tube.
An inherent weakness in these height-adjustable support mechanisms, besides the inconvenience of assembling them on site, and the frequent maintenance required to tighten the various components, is the fact that sideward forces applied to the basketball hoop or backboard cause the brackets which project forward from the slidable tubes to deflect angularly. While this angular deflection is resisted by the backboard itself, out-of-plane stresses are imposed on the backboard, which may in time damage it. Since the tubes are round, this problem is not alleviated by increasing their diameter or wall thickness.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The purposes of the present invention are to provide, as a pre-assembled package unit for adjusting the height of a backboard, a slender, compact, sturdy upward-telescoping structure and linear actuator mechanism, which may be readily installed as an operating unit merely by clamping it at appropriate height to an available ceiling-mounted structure; and which telescoping structure itself firmly resists side forces imposed on the backboard, to save it from damage.
The present invention is uniquely adaptable for providing such adjustability in existing installations because it may be interposed between the backboard and its structural support means, thereby maintaining the previously established regulation distance between the goals at either end of the playing court.
In the present invention, a substantially square stationary frame is welded from square (or other non-circular) hollow metal tubing. Within the two fixed vertical hollow members of the stationary frame portion are the vertical tubes of a U-shaped telescoping frame, having such external conformation as to fit slidably upward within the hollow vertical members of the stationary frame. The vertical tubes of the telescoping frame are connected beneath their lower ends by a cross beam. At each end of this cross beam is a bracket which extends forwardly, whereon to mount the lower portion of a backboard. Brackets affixed to the upper portion of the backboard extend back and upward toward the stationary frame fixed vertical members, and terminate in slide assemblies mounted on their exterior surfaces.
Because of the close fit of the telescoping vertical tubes within the fixed vertical hollow members, and the fit of the slide assemblies on their exterior surfaces, the brackets which support the backboard cannot deflect angularly, regardless of the intensity of sideward forces imposed on the hoop or backboard. This not only saves the tackboard from damage but lessens objectionable vibrations.
While the unit may utilize a familiar hand-crank operated screw actuator, a preferred feature is the inclusion in the assembly of an electric linear actuator, powered and controlled from below by a portable electrical conductive wand, which may be connected to a convenient extension cord. At the base of the wand is a manually operated control which directs the actuator to extend, retract or stop. The wand carries the three wires necessary for operation together with a ground. It is rigid, and at its upper end is a plug which may enter a downward-facing electrical receptacle borne by a cross beam of the unit.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is an elevational view without a backboard attached of the upward-telescoping adjustable-height backboard mount, with the telescoping frame portion fully extended by the linear actuator. The portable conduit and control wand is shown below the receptacle into which it may be fitted.
FIG. 2 is a side elevational view partly in cross-section as seen along line 2--2 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of one of the upper backboard bracket support assemblies as seen from above, showing the fixed and sliding vertical tubes in cross-sections, as seen along line 3--3 of FIG. 2.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
A preferred embodiment of the upward-telescoping height-adjustable mount means 10 of the present invention, shown in elevational view in FIG. 1, comprises: a stationary frame portion, generally designated 12, a telescoping frame portion, generally designated 40, upper backboard support slide bracket assemblies, generally designated 26, linear actuator means 60, and an electric control switch 76.
The stationary frame portion 12 constructed of 3/16" thick square tubular steel, 21/2" by 21/2", has vertical parallel hollow members 14, each having upper ends 21 and open lower ends 20 with interior sliding surfaces 16 and exterior sliding surfaces 18 extending upward from the lower ends 20. As shown in FIG. 1, an upper cross beam 22 having on its forward surface a clevis bracket 23 extends between the members 14 at the upper ends 21; a lower cross beam 24 (having a similar attachment point, not shown) extends between the members 14 at the open lower ends 20.
A telescoping frame portion 40, constructed from 1/8" thick square tubular steel, 2"�2", includes parallel telescoping vertical square tubes 41, shown in fully extended position in FIG. 1, one such tube 41 being shown in hidden lines in FIG. 2. Each of these vertical tubes has outer sliding surfaces 42 extending between tube upper ends 43 and the downward-projecting tube lower ends 44. A cross beam 45 having a forward surface extends, beneath the tube lower ends 44 between the telescoping vertical tube 41, the beam 45 having a clevis bracket 47 mounted at the mid-point of the forward surface. Each end of the cross beam 45 bears a rigid forwardly-extending lower backboard bracket 48, 48', at whose forward end is a vertical faced lug 50, bored for attachment of the backboard b.
Mounted on each of the exterior slide surfaces 18 of the stationary frame fixed vertical members 14 between the upper cross beam 22 and the lower cross beam 24, is an upper backboard bracket slide assembly generally designated 26, and shown in FIG. 3, made up of a yoke or "U" shaped sliding member 28 and a forwardly and downwardly slanting bracket arm 29.
The U-shaped sliding member 28 has an interior sliding surface 30 so sized as to slide along the vertical member exterior slide surfaces 18. The sliding member sides extend beyond the vertical member rear surfaces 15 to form a yoke 34, connected by a bolt 35 on which are mounted a pair of rollers 36 separated by spacers 37, 37'. The bracket arm 29 is welded to the forward surface of the U-shaped member 28 and extends downwardly and forwardly therefrom to a vertical lug end 39, bored for bolted attachment of the upper portion of the backboard b.
Conventional electric linear actuator means 60, shown in FIG. 1, available from Dayton Electric Manufacturing Company of Chicago, Ill., as Gear Motor Model 6Z086 and Linear Actuator Model 6Z091, includes a gear motor 62, a casing tube 64 extending vertically therefrom, and a drive tube 66 retractable therein, shown partially extended in FIG. 1, terminating at its end 63 remote from said gear motor 62 in an eye rod end 68.
As shown in FIG. 1, a four-wire conduit 70 leads downwardly from the linear actuator gear motor 62 to a four-wire receptacle 72 mounted on the stationary-frame portion lower cross beam front face 25 and presented downwardly for insertion of the conduit and control wand 77, hereinafter described, to enable up, down, and off control of the linear actuator 60.
Fittable within this downwardly presented receptacle 72 is the four-pronged plug 74 located at the upper end of the conduit control wand 77. The hollow plastic wand 77 illustrated in FIG. 1 contains a four-wire electric conduit, three wires for reversing control and one wire for grounding. The conduit leads from the four-pronged plug 74 to a conventional up, off, down control switch 76, obtainable from Advance Controls, Inc., contained in a box 84 which serves as a handle for the wand 77. The lower end of the control box 84 contains a conventional three-wire receptacle 86 so that power may be supplied through a conventional three-wire extension cord.
The linear actuator gear motor 62 is centrally mounted by a clevis 23 on the stationary frame upper cross beam 22 forward face; the end of the linear actuator casing tube 64 remote from the gear motor 62 is similarly attached to a central mounting point (not shown) on the stationary frame lower cross beam 24 front forward face. The linear actuator eye rod end 68 is attached to the clevis 47 on the telescoping frame portion cross beam 45.
For installation the entire assembly 10 is then attached by conventional clamps 90 to a central ceiling support a shown in phantom lines in FIG. 2. A backboard b is then attached to the lug end 39 of each upper backboard slide assembly 26 and the lug end 50 of each lower backboard bracket 48.
For adjusting the height of the backboard b, a conventional electric extension cord is inserted into the conventional three-wire receptacle 86 in the control box 84 of the wand 77, the wand four-wire plug 74 is then inserted into the four-wire receptacle 76 and the control switch 82 is used to extend or retract the linear actuator 60, thereby lowering or raising the telescoping frame portion 40.
Alternately, if the gymnasium is equipped with a pair of ceiling-mounted supports, the width of the entire stationary frame portion and telescoping frame portion may be so constructed as to coincide with that width. Mounting of the backboard on such paired supports requires that the conventional attachment means used provides sufficient clearance for sliding of the upper backboard slide assembly. To lessen the amount of such clearance, slide sleeves with flat rear surfaces may be substituted for the yoke and rollers hereinabove described. For this type of installation, a pair of upper clamps 90 are affixed around the stationary frame portion vertical members 14 at the level u indicated in FIG. 1; while similar lower clamps 90 are installed about these members at the level l, immediately above the lower cross beam 24.
As various modifications may be made in the constructions herein described and illustrated without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the foregoing description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be taken as illustrative rather than limiting.
Patent Citations
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Which rugby union team play their home games at the Madejski Stadium? | Madejski Stadium | US Soccer Players
US Soccer Players
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Madejski Stadium
January 21, 2009
Two US National Team players are part of Reading’s squad, Marcus Hahnemann and Bobby Convey. Though recently part of the English Premier League, Reading were relegated at the end of last season and currently play in the Championship. They play their home games at the Madejski Stadium, named for the club’s chairman.
The stadium has four stands, creatively named North, South, East, and West. The North Stand is the home of the Reading support, with the South Stand for away fans. Located on the rivers Thames and Kennet, the town of Reading is considered part of the suburbs of London even though it’s 40 miles from the city. It has a population of around 140,000. London Irish, a rugby union team, plays their home games at Madejski Stadium.
The stadium itself holds 24,161 an was opened at the start of the 1998-99 season. At one time considered a model for Major League Soccer’s stadiums, the Madejski sits on what was a landfill with easy access to the highway. This is a different model than stadiums built close to the center of a city without considerable parking.
Reading’s former home, Elm Park, did not have the room to rebuild it as a modern stadium suitable for the Premier League. Built in 1896 and at one time capable of holding over 30,000, the move to all-seater stadiums in the early 1990’s reduced capacity to 15,500.
| London Irish |
Which puppet hero is described as ‘Indestructible’? | BBC Sport - European Rugby Champions Cup: Madejski Stadium to host all-English semi-final
European Rugby Champions Cup: Madejski Stadium to host all-English semi-final
The Madejski Stadium in Reading will host the all-English semi-final of this season's European Champions Cup.
The home ground of London Irish will host the last-four tie, featuring the winners of the Wasps v Exeter and Saracens v Northampton quarter-finals, on Saturday 23 April.
Leicester Tigers will play at the City Ground in Nottingham if they make the last four and face Racing 92.
If they meet Toulon, the game will be at the Allianz Riviera in Nice.
The semi-finals are played at neutral venues designated by the tournament's organisers.
Home-country advantage is awarded depending upon how the club has done in the pool stages and whether a club has won an away quarter-final.
A side ranked first or second in the pool stages will only get a home semi-final if they face the other home quarter-final winner, otherwise they will be away from home.
European Champions Cup semi-final permutations
Semi-final 1 (Saturday 23 April)
Saracens v Wasps - Madejski Stadium, Reading
Northampton Saints v Wasps - Madejski Stadium, Reading
Exeter Chiefs v Saracens - Madejski Stadium, Reading
Exeter Chiefs v Northampton Saints - Madejski Stadium, Reading
Semi-final 2 (Sunday 24 April)
Leicester Tigers v Racing 92 - City Ground, Nottingham
Stade Français v Racing 92 - MMArena, Le Mans
Toulon v Leicester Tigers - Allianz Riviera, Nice
Toulon v Stade Français Paris - Allianz Riviera, Nice
For the latest rugby union news follow @bbcrugbyunion on Twitter.
Also related to this story
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Asiago is what type of food product? | Types of Cheeses | International Dairy Foods Association
Types of Cheeses
Types of Cheeses
Asiago cheese is a nutty flavored cheese that hails from Europe. It is named for a region in Italy where it was first produced. This region is known as the Asiago High Plateau, which lies within the Italian Alps.
Asiago cheese is produced in two forms as follows: fresh Asiago, also known as Pressato, and mature Asiago, which is called Asiago d´Allevo. Fresh Asiago has an off-white color and is milder in flavor than mature asiago. Mature asiago also has a more yellowish color and is somewhat grainy in texture.
Blue cheese is a general classification of cow's milk, sheep's milk, or goat's milk cheeses that have had Penicillium cultures added so that the final product is spotted or veined throughout with blue, blue-gray or blue-green mold, and carries a distinct smell. Some blue cheeses are injected with spores before the curds form and others have spores mixed in with the curds after they form. Blue cheese was initially produced in caves Blue cheeses are typically aged in a temperature-controlled environment such as a cave.
The characteristic flavor of blue cheeses tends to be sharp and a bit salty. Due to this strong flavor and smell, blue cheeses are often considered an acquired taste. They can be eaten by themselves or can be crumbled or melted over foods.
Cheddar cheese originated in the village of Cheddar, England. A firm, cow's milk cheese that ranges in flavor from mild to sharp and in color from a natural white to pumpkin orange. Orange cheddars are colored with annatto, a natural dye. Canadian cheddars are smoother, creamier, and are known for their balance of flavor and sharpness. Cheddars vary in flavor depending on the length of aging and their origin. As cheddar slowly ages, it loses moisture and its texture becomes drier and more crumbly. Sharpness becomes noticeable at 12 months (old cheddar) and 18 months (extra old cheddar). The optimal aging period is 5-6 years; however, for most uses three-year-old cheese is fine and five-year-old cheddar can be saved for special occasions.
Cream cheese is considered to be a fresh type of cheese due to the fact that it is not aged. The flavor is subtle, fresh and sweet, but has a light tangy taste. At room temperature cream cheese spreads easily and has a smooth and creamy texture which makes it rich. It is made by adding cream to cow's milk which gives it richness but is not ripened, limiting its shelf life. Cream cheese is usually white in color and is available in low fat or non fat varieties.
Feta cheese is one of the oldest cheeses in the world and is said to be a product from Greece. Since October 2002 feta cheese has been formally accepted as a Greek only cheese Feta is soft cheese, and is made from sheep milk if a mixture of sheep and goat milk. More recently cow's milk has been used. Feta is white in color, is a bit sour to the taste and rich in aroma. Even though it is a soft cheese, it is also manufactured with a partially hard texture.
Goat cheese comes in a variety of forms, although the most common is a soft, easily spread cheese. Goat cheese can also be made in hard aged varieties as well as semi firm cheeses like feta. Goat cheese is especially common in the Middle East, Africa, and some Mediterranean countries, where the hardy goat survives in areas where cows cannot.
Goat cheese is distinctive due to the tangy flavor of goat milk. Sometimes this flavor is very strong and some consumers find it disagreeable. In some cases, the flavor is sought after, and some dairies are well known for producing particularly goaty cheese. The strong flavor is caused by hormones, which will be reduced if milk producing nanny goats are kept away from male billies. In addition, like all animal products, goat milk is heavily influenced by what the goats are eating. Because goats have hardy digestive systems, they tend to eat many bitter plants that more delicate animals such as cows and horses will not.
Swiss cheese is the general name for numerous types of cheese that were initially prepared in Switzerland. Swiss cheese is made from cow's milk, is lightly flavored, sweet and nutty. Swiss cheese is known for being glossy, light or pale yellow and having large holes in it which is a result of carbon dioxide releases during the process of maturation.
Vegetarian cheese is cheese that is not curdled with rennet, which is an enzyme that exists naturally in animal stomachs. Rennet is the popular name used by cheese makers to coagulate milk, forming curds. Most vegetarian cheeses are coagulated with plants, fungi or bacteria. There are two types of rennet in use by cheese producers: microbial and vegetarian. Microbial rennet consists of enzymes that come from either bacterial or fungal origin. Many strict vegetarians prefer to avoid cheese with this kind of rennet altogether, even though animals are not involved in any way.
There are specific plants that also have the enzymes essential to coagulate milk. Plants that have found more common use as coagulants are fig tree bark, thistle and mallow.
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Which British singer released albums entitled ’19’ and ’21’? | Hard Italian Cheese | Parmesan, Asiago, Romano, Fontina
Hard Italian Cheese
Hard Italian Cheeses
The Cheese You Choose Says a Lot About You
We are ambassadors of cheese integrity. DairiConcepts supports the National Cheese Institute’s efforts to protect food manufacturers, consumers and the dairy industry in general from the economic adulteration of cheese that may be offered for sale as Parmesan, while not meeting the FDA’s specified standard of identity. In November 2014, the Milwaukee, Wisconsin Journal Sentinel also addressed the epidemic of inauthentic cheese .
Our Quality Commitment
When you purchase DairiConcepts’ hard Italian cheese, you’ll receive the quality you expect, as well as delicious flavor. DairiConcepts is committed to protecting your food brand and building consumer confidence by providing high-quality, true-to-spec products that meet FDA regulations.
Applications
Major food manufacturers utilize our bulk-format cheeses to provide unique flavor.
DairiConcepts hard Italian cheese is sold to restaurants and foodservice providers.
Our dry-grated cheeses are sold under private label brands of major grocery retailers.
Flexible Product Offerings
We can produce the flavors, textures and colors you want. From maximum flavor standards to imitation blends, our broad selection of hard Italian cheese offers great taste and good value with varieties and formats packaged as shown or customized to your needs. Many of our cheeses are available upon request in kosher, halal, organic, rBST-free and NAFTA-compliant versions.
Varieties
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The headquarters of fashion house Hardy Amies is in which London street? | Hardy Amies (fashion house) - Wikipedia, Photos and Videos
Hardy Amies (fashion house)
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WIKIPEDIA ARTICLE
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(May 2010)
Hardy Amies is a British-based fashion house specialising in modern luxury menswear.
Contents
Main article: Hardy Amies
Sir Hardy Amies , KCVO (17 July 1909 – 5 March 2003), was born Edwin Amies in Maida Vale , London. His father was an architect for the London County Council , his mother a saleswoman for Madame Gray at Machinka & May, London. In his teens, he adopted his mother's maiden name, Hardy – and always cited her as the inspiration for his chosen professional path.
Amies was educated at Brentwood School , Essex, leaving in 1927. Although his father wanted him to attend Cambridge University , it was his ambition to become a journalist. His father relented and arranged for a meeting between his son and R. D. Blumenfeld , the editor of the Daily Express . His father was mortified when Blumenfeld suggested his son travel around Europe to gain some worldly experience. After spending three years in France and Germany; learning the languages, working for a customs agent and then as an English tutor in Antibes and later Bendorf , Germany – Amies returned to England, where in 1930 he became a sales assistant in a ceramic wall-tile factory, after which he secured a trainee position as a weight machine salesman with W & T Avery Ltd. in Birmingham.
It was Amies' mother’s contacts in the fashion world, and his flair for writing, that secured him his first job in fashion. It was his vivid description of a dress, written in a letter to a retired French seamstress, which brought Hardy to the attention of the owner of the Mayfair couture house Lachasse on Farm Street, Berkeley Square , as the wearer of the dress was the owner's wife. He became managing director at the age of 25, in 1934. In 1937, he scored his first success with a Linton tweed suit in sage green with a cerise overcheck called ‘Panic’. ‘Panic’ was to be his debut into the fashion bible Vogue and was photographed by Cecil Beaton . By the late 1930s, Hardy was designing the entire Lachasse collection. His second celebration creation was ‘Made in England’, a biscuit-coloured checked suit for the Hollywood ingénue Mildred Shay . He left Lachasse in 1939 and joined the House of Worth in 1941.
At the outbreak of World War II, he had been recruited into military intelligence because of his fluent German and French. He listed among his accomplishments on his application mountaineering, shooting, boxing and sketching. Amies saw service in the Special Operations Executive or SOE. Posted to SOE Headquarters in Baker Street in London, Amies was put in charge of the Belgium section and worked with the various Belgian resistance groups organising sabotage assignments. Amies rose to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel . SOE's commander Major General Colin Gubbins did not regard a dressmaker as suitable military material, but his training report stated:
"This officer is far tougher both physically and mentally than his rather precious appearance would suggest. He possesses a keen brain and an abundance of shrewd sense. His only handicap is his precious appearance and manner, and these are tending to decrease." [1]
№ 14 Savile Row[ edit ]
On 12 November 1945; Virginia, the Countess of Jersey (erstwhile Hollywood film star and the first Mrs. Cary Grant ), who had been a former client during Hardy’s days at Laschasse, financed Hardy Amies move to Savile Row . The following January, Amies established his own couture fashion house business: Hardy Amies Ltd. Although Savile Row is the home of English bespoke tailoring , the Hardy Amies brand developed to become known for its classic and beautifully tailored clothes for both men and women. Hardy’s business quickly took off in the postwar years when customers, who had been deprived of couture for the preceding years, snapped up his elegant, traditional designs. Hardy was quoted at the times as saying, “A woman's day clothes must look equally good at Salisbury Station as the Ritz bar”. Amies was vice-chairman of the Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers from 1954 to 56, and chairman from 1959 to 60.
Hardy Amies is located at 14 Savile Row besides Cad & the Dandy .
Commercial success[ edit ]
Amies was successful in business by being able to commercially extract value from his designs, while not replicating his brand to the point of exploitation. Amies was one of the first European designers to venture into the ready-to-wear market when he teamed up with Hepworths in 1959 to design a range of menswear. In 1961, Amies made fashion history by staging the first men's ready-to-wear catwalk shows, at the Savoy Hotel in London. The runway show was a first on many levels as it was both the first time music was played and for the designer to accompany models on the catwalk.
Amies also undertook design for in-house work wear, which developed from designing special clothes for the England 1966 World Cup team, the 1972 British Olympic squad ; [2] and groups such as the Oxford University Boat Club and London Stock Exchange . During the mid-1970s, he ventured into interior design, including designs for Crown Wallpaper . In 1974, Amies was entered into the International Best Dressed List Hall of Fame. [3]
2001: A Space Odyssey[ edit ]
In 1967, Amies was commissioned by director Stanley Kubrick to design the costumes for his film 2001: A Space Odyssey . [4] The collection allowed Amies to design totally futuristic fashions. In 2001, the standard attire was a business-as-usual approach to the corporate fashion. There were no neck-ties as they were in zero gravity. The Russian women scientists wore dark conservative clothing, reflecting their own conservative values. Although Kubrick's 2001 wardrobe was practical, it still reflected the mid-1960s slender look. The military and spacecraft uniforms were as common as they are now, with no dramatic changes. American women in 2001 retained roles they held in the 1960s as Hotel receptionists and air stewardesses. The women wore space-age travelling hats while carrying hand bags. According to 'Setting the Scene' by Robert S. Sennett (Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers, 1994), many design elements of the film seem to reflect swinging London c. 1968, rather than the imagined future. The stewardesses' uniforms, designed by Hardy Amies, look like the uncomfortable unisex pant suits that were being promoted in the late 1960s. An epic science fiction film, it demonstrated the immense range of Amies' design ability, and was nominated for four Academy Awards – receiving one for visual effects. In 1991, the film was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry .
Amies' work was seen in a handful of other films of the 1960s: he dressed Albert Finney in Two for the Road , Tony Randall in The Alphabet Murders , Joan Greenwood in The Amorous Prawn and Deborah Kerr in The Grass is Greener .
Queen Elizabeth II[ edit ]
Amies is best known to the British public for his work for Queen Elizabeth II . The association began in 1950, when Amies made several outfits for the then Princess Elizabeth's royal tour to Canada. Although the couture side of the Hardy Amies business was traditionally less financially successful, the award of a Royal Warrant as official dressmaker in 1955 gave his house respectability and publicity. One of his best known creations is the gown he designed in 1977 for Queen Elizabeth's Silver Jubilee portrait, which he said was "immortalised on a thousand biscuit tins." An estimated 500 million people watched the day of events on television. Knighted in 1989, Amies held the Warrant until his death in 2003. He gave up visiting The Queen himself in 1990 so that his Design Director Ken Fleetwood could create for the Queen until 1996. The House of Hardy Amies was still designing for her under Design Director Jon Moore until 2002. [5]
ABC of men's fashion[ edit ]
Having written a regular column for Esquire magazine on men's fashion, in 1964 Amies published the book ABC of Men's Fashion. Amies's strict male dress code – with commandments on everything from socks to the summer wardrobe – made compelling reading: [6] When in July 2009, the Hardy Amies designer archive was opened on Savile Row, the Victoria & Albert Museum reissued the book. [6] [7]
“
A man should look as if he has bought his clothes with intelligence, put them on with care and then forgotten all about them.
”
Hardy Amies' growth[ edit ]
In May 1973, Hardy Amies Ltd. was sold to Debenhams , which had already purchased Hepworths who distributed the Hardy Amies line. Amies purchased the business back in 1981. In May 2001, Amies sold his business to the Luxury Brands Group. He retired at the end of the year, when Moroccan -born designer Jacques Azagury became head of couture. In November 2008, after going bankrupt, [2] the Hardy Amies brand was acquired by Fung Capital. Hardy Amies is now owned by No.14 Savile Row, which in turn is owned by Fung Capital which is the private investment holding company of the Fung family who are separately the controlling shareholders of publicly listed Li & Fung Limited and Trinity Limited. [8]
Just So Far, London, 1954.
The ABC of Men's Fashion, London, 1964.
Still Here, London, 1984.
| Savile Row |
A ‘Sackbut’ was a medieval forerunner of which musical instrument? | Hardy Amies - Shopping - visitlondon.com
Hardy Amies
About
Hardy Amies, Ltd. is a British-based fashion house specialising in modern luxury menswear.
In 1946 Hardy Amies, then the Queen's couturier, injected an air of fashionability into the tailoring traditions of Savile Row.
After serving as an SOE officer in the war, Hardy returned to London in 1945. With the help of a generous benefactor, he bought the lease of Number 14 Savile Row, which had been damaged during the Blitz. The following January, Hardy’s fashion house was born.
Although Savile Row is the home of English bespoke tailoring, the Hardy Amies brand became known for its classic and elegantly tailored clothes for both men and women.
Today, Hardy Amies is a British menswear brand, which acknowledges its heritage, and the legacy of its innovative founder. Encompassing the spectrum of English restraint and contemporary edge, Hardy Amies menswear is designed for the modern British gentleman.
Venue Details & Map
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Who was the only US President to have resigned from office? | WashingtonPost.com: Nixon Resigns
Nixon Resigns
Washington Post Staff Writer
Friday, August 9, 1974; Page A01
Richard Milhous Nixon announced last night that he will resign as the 37th President of the United States at noon today.
Vice President Gerald R. Ford of Michigan will take the oath as the new President at noon to complete the remaining 2 1/2 years of Mr. Nixon's term.
After two years of bitter public debate over the Watergate scandals, President Nixon bowed to pressures from the public and leaders of his party to become the first President in American history to resign.
"By taking this action," he said in a subdued yet dramatic television address from the Oval Office, "I hope that I will have hastened the start of the process of healing which is so desperately needed in America."
Vice President Ford, who spoke a short time later in front of his Alexandria home, announced that Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger will remain in his Cabinet.
The President-to-be praised Mr. Nixon's sacrifice for the country and called it "one of the vary saddest incidents that I've every witnessed."
Mr. Nixon said he decided he must resign when he concluded that he no longer had "a strong enough political base in the Congress" to make it possible for him to complete his term of office.
Declaring that he has never been a quitter, Mr. Nixon said that to leave office before the end of his term " is abhorrent to every instinct in my body."
But "as President, I must put the interests of America first," he said.
While the President acknowledged that some of his judgments "were wrong," he made no confession of the "high crimes and misdemeanors" with which the House Judiciary Committee charged him in its bill of impeachment.
Specifically, he did not refer to Judiciary Committee charges that in the cover-up of Watergate crimes he misused government agencies such as the FBI, the Central Intelligence Agency and the Internal Revenue Service.
After the President's address, Special Prosecutor Leon Jaworski issued a statement declaring that "there has been no agreement or understanding of any sort between the President or his representatives and the special prosecutor relating in any way to the President's resignation."
Jaworski said that his office "was not asked for any such agreement or understanding and offered none."
His office was informed yesterday afternoon of the President's decision, Jaworski said, but "my office did not participate in any way in the President's decision to resign."
Mr. Nixon's brief speech was delivered in firm tones and he appeared to be complete control of his emotions. The absence of rancor contrasted sharply with the "farewell" he delivered in 1962 after being defeated for the governorship of California.
An hour before the speech, however, the President broke down during a meeting with old congressional friends and had to leave the room.
He had invited 20 senators and 26 representatives for a farewell meeting in the Cabinet room. Later, Sen. Barry M. Goldwater (R-Ariz.), one of those present, said Mr. Nixon said to them very much what he said in his speech.
"He just told us that the country couldn't operate with a half-time President," Goldwater reported. "Then he broke down and cried and he had to leave the room. Then the rest of us broke down and cried."
In his televised resignation, after thanking his friends for their support, the President concluded by saying he was leaving office "with this prayer: may God's grace be with you in all the days ahead."
As for his sharpest critics, the President said, "I leave with no bitterness toward those who have opposed me." He called on all Americans to "join together . . . in helping our new President succeed."
The President said he had thought it was his duty to persevere in office in face of the Watergate charges and to complete his term.
"In the past days, however, it has become evident to me that I no longer have a strong enough political base in the Congress to justify continuing that effort," Mr. Nixon said.
His family "unanimously urged" him to stay in office and fight the charges against him, he said. But he came to realize that he would not have the support needed to carry out the duties of his office in difficult times.
"America needs a full-time President and a full-time Congress," Mr. Nixon said. The resignation came with "a great sadness that I will not be here in this office" to complete work on the programs started, he said.
But praising Vice President Ford, Mr. Nixon said that "the leadership of America will be in good hands."
In his admission of error, the outgoing President said: "I deeply regret any injuries that may have been done in the course of the events that led to this decision."
He emphasized that world peace had been the overriding concern of his years in the White House.
When he first took the oath, he said, he made a "sacred commitment" to "consecrate my office and wisdom to the cause of peace among nations."
"I have done my very best in all the days since to be true to that pledge," he said, adding that he is now confident that the world is a safer place for all peoples.
"This more than anything is what I hoped to achieve when I sought the presidency," Mr. Nixon said. "This more than anything is what I hope will be my legacy to you, to our country, as I leave the presidency."
Noting that he had lived through a turbulent period, he recalled a statement of Theodore Roosevelt about the man "in the arena whose face is marred by dust and sweat and blood" and who, if he fails "at least fails while daring greatly."
Mr. Nixon placed great emphasis on his successes in foreign affairs. He said his administration had "unlocked the doors that for a quarter of a century stood between the United States and the People's Republic of China."
In the mideast, he said, the United States must begin to build on the peace in that area. And with the Soviet Union, he said, the administration had begun the process of ending the nuclear arms race. The goal now, he said, is to reduce and finally destroy those arms "so that the threat of nuclear war will no longer hang over the world." The two countries, he added, "must live together in cooperation rather than in confrontation."
Mr. Nixon has served 2,026 days as the 37th President of the United States. He leaves office with 2 1/2 years of his second term remaining to be carried out by the man he nominated to be Vice President last year.
Yesterday morning, the President conferred with his successor. He spent much of the day in his Executive Office Building hideaway working on his speech and attending to last-minute business.
At 7:30 p.m., Mr. Nixon again left the White House for the short walk to the Executive Office Building. The crowd outside the gates waved U.S. flags and sang "America" as he walked slowly up the steps, his head bowed, alone.
At the EOB, Mr. Nixon met for a little over 20 minutes with the leaders of Congress -- James O. Eastland (D-Miss.), president pro tem to the Senate; Mike Mansfield (D-Mont.), Senate majority leader; Hugh Scott (R-Pa.), Senate minority leader; Carl Albert (D-Okla.), speaker of the House; and John Rhodes (R-Ariz.), House minority leader.
It was exactly six years ago yesterday that the 55-year-old Californian accepted the Republican nomination for President for the second time and went on to a narrow victory in November over Democrat Hubert H. Humphrey.
"I was ready. I was willing. And events were such that this seemed to be the time the party was willing for me to carry the standard," Nixon said after winning first-ballot nomination in the convention at Miami Beach.
In his acceptance speech on Aug. 8, 1968, the nominee appealed for victory to "make the American dream come true for millions of Americans."
"To the leaders of the Communist world we say, after an era of confrontation, the time has come for an era of negotiation," Nixon said.
The theme was repeated in his first inaugural address on Jan. 20, 1969, and became the basis for the foreign policy of his first administration.
Largely because of his breakthroughs in negotiations with China and the Soviet Union, and partly because of divisions in the Democratic Party, Mr. Nixon won a mammoth election victory in 1972, only to be brought down by scandals that grew out of an excessive zeal to make certain he would win re-election.
Mr. Nixon and his family are expected to fly to their home in San Clemente, Calif. early today. Press secretary Ronald L. Ziegler and Rose Mary Woods, Mr. Nixon's devoted personal secretary for more than two decades, will accompany the Nixons.
Alexander M. Haig Jr., the former Army vice chief of staff who was brought into the White House as staff chief following the resignation of H.R. (Bob) Haldeman on April 30, 1973, has been asked by Mr. Ford to remain in his present position.
It is expected that Haig will continue in the position as staff chief to assure an orderly transfer of responsibilities but not stay indefinitely.
The first firm indication yesterday that the President had reached a decision came when deputy press secretary Gerald L. Warren announced at 10:55 a.m. that the President was about to begin a meeting in the Oval Office with the Vice President.
"The President asked the Vice President to come over this morning for a private meeting -- and that is all the information I have at this moment," Warren said.
He promised to post "some routine information, bill actions and appointments" and to return with additional information" in an hour or so."
Warren's manner and the news he had to impart made it clear at last that resignation was a certainty. Reports already were circulating on Capitol Hill that the President would hold a reception for friends and staff members late in the day and a meeting with congressional leaders.
Shortly after noon, Warren announced over the loudspeaker in the press room that the meeting between the President and the Vice President had lasted for an hour and 10 minutes.
At 2:20 p.m., press secretary Ziegler walked into the press room and, struggling to control his emotions, read the following statement:
"I am aware of the intense interest of the American people and of you in this room concerning developments today and over the last few days. This has, of course, been a difficult time.
"The President of the United States will meet various members of the bipartisan leadership of Congress here at the White House early this evening.
"Tonight, at 9 o'clock, Eastern Daylight Time, the President of the United States will address the nation on radio and television from his Oval Office."
The room was packed with reporters, and Ziegler read the statement with difficulty. Although his voice shook, it did not break. As soon as he had finished, he turned on his heel and left the room, without so much as a glance at the men and women in the room who wanted to question him.
There were tears in the eyes of some of the secretaries in the press office. Others, who have been through many crises in recent years and have become used to overwork, plowed ahead with their duties, with telephones ringing incessantly.
In other offices, loyal Nixon workers reacted with sadness but also with resignation and defeat. They were not surprised, and some showed a sense of relief that at last the battle was over.
Some commented bitterly about former aides H.R. (Bob) Haldeman and John D. Ehrlichman. The President's loyal personal aide and valet Manola Sanchez, a Spanish-born immigrant from Cuba whose independence and wit are widely admired, did not hide his feelings.
Speaking bluntly to some of his old friends, he castigated aides he said had betrayed the President. One long-time official, who heard about the Sanchez remarks, commented: "They [Haldeman and Ehrlichman] tried three times to fire him because they couldn't control him. Imagine, trying to fire someone like Manola."
But why did the President always rely on Ehrlichman and Haldeman? The official was asked. "Will we ever know?" he replied. "When Mr. Nixon was Vice President," he recalled, "he demanded that we never abuse the franking privilege. If there was any doubt, we were to use stamps. Everything had to be above board.
"Surely his friendship with Ehrlichman and Haldeman was one of the most expensive in history."
But the President himself, said another long-time aide, must have been two persons, the one who was motivated by high ideals and another who connived and schemed with his favorite gut-fighters.
One man who worked through most of the first Nixon term said he saw the President angry only once. Often he would say, "That will be tough politically, but we must do the right thing."
When that official left his post after nearly four years of intimate association with the President, he told his wife: "I've never gotten to know what sort of man he is."
One official, who has known Mr. Nixon well for many years and remains a White House aide, commented: "He is obviously a bad judge of character. But a lot was accomplished. So much more could have been accomplished but for these fun and games. It was such a stupid thing to happen."
The march of events that brought about the President's downfall turned its last corner Monday when Mr. Nixon released the partial transcripts of three taped conversations he held on June 23, 1972 with Haldeman.
It seemed inevitable then that this would be his last week in office, yet he continued to fight back and to insist that he would not resign. On Tuesday, the President held a Cabinet meeting and told his official family that he would not resign.
On Wednesday, however, the end appeared near, for his support on Capitol Hill was disappearing at dizzying speed. There were demands from some of his staunchest supporters that he should resign at once.
Late Wednesday, the President met with Senate Minority Leader Hugh Scott (R-Pa.), House Minority Leader John J. Rhodes (R-Ariz.) and Sen. Barry M. Goldwater (R-Ariz.).
They said afterward that the President had made no decision, but it was obvious later that for all intents and purposes the decision had been made despite what the leaders said. They obviously could not make the announcement for him, but it must have been apparent to them that the end was at hand.
Later Wednesday, Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger twice conferred with Mr. Nixon, first in the early evening for half an hour and then from 9:30 p.m. until midnight.
It was not known whether the two men were alone or accompanied by Haig and others.
Yesterday, Kissinger met with principal deputies in the State Department to tell them what to expect and to assign tasks to different people. Messages will be sent to heads of state to notify them formally of the change.
A White House spokesman said more than 10,000 telephone calls were received in the past two days expressing "disbelief and the hope that the President would not resign."
Thursday was a wet, humid August day, but despite intermittent rain the crowds packed the sidewalks in front of the White House. It was an orderly crowd, resigned and curious, watching newsmen come and go and being a part of a dramatic moment in the life of the nation.
© Copyright 1974 The Washington Post Co.
| Richard Nixon |
Carinthia is a state in which European country? | The President's and Vice President's Jobs | Scholastic
The President's and Vice President's Jobs
Explore the differences between the top two positions in American government.
Grades
3–5, 6–8, 9–12
The President
A Demanding Job: The President of the U.S. has many responsibilities. The President acts as the head of his political party, the chief representative of the government, and the country's popular leader.
Chief Executive: The President is considered the country's chief executive. He develops federal policies, prepares national budgets, enforces federal laws, and appoints federal officials.
Commander in Chief: The President is the commander of the armed services. He is responsible for keeping the country safe and strong both in wartime and during peaceful periods.
Foreign Policy Director: The President must direct foreign policy, appoint ambassadors, make treaties, and meet with foreign leaders.
Legislative Leader: The President influences the development and passage of laws. But his support does not guarantee that a law will be instated. Also, the President has the power to veto any bill that has been passed by Congress.
The Vice President
The V.P.'s Job: The only duty the U.S. Constitution assigns the Vice President is to act as presiding officer of the Senate. But the Vice President also serves as ceremonial assistant to the President and is an important part of the President's administration.
The Second Highest Office: The Vice President is only "a heartbeat away" from becoming the President. He or she must be ready to become President or Acting President if anything happens to the President. Thirteen Vice Presidents have gone on to become President, eight because of the death of a President. (Gerald Ford became President after Richard M. Nixon resigned, and the rest were elected to the office.)
Adapted from Scholastic News.
| i don't know |
Reginald Doherty, Arthur Gore and Fred Perry are associated with which sport? | Reginald Doherty : definition of Reginald Doherty and synonyms of Reginald Doherty (English)
Career
R.F.Doherty Beginning of Low Backhand Drive
Reggie Doherty began tennis early in life and as a boy at Westminster School showed great promise. At age 14 he won the boys' singles title at an open championship in Llandudno . Doherty was educated at the University of Cambridge ( Trinity Hall ), where he played for the Cambridge University Lawn Tennis Club [2] . In 1895 and 1895 he was part of the Cambridge team that beat Oxford and won the Scottish and Essex championships.
Grand Slams
Doherty played in his first Wimbledon Championships in 1894 and lost in the first round to Clement Cazalet in four sets. In 1897 Doherty won his first singles Wimbledon title after beating reigning champion Harold Mahony in three straight sets (6-4, 6-4, 6-3). He successfully defended his title for the next three years (1898, 1899, 1900). In 1898 he did so by beating his brother in the Challenge Round in five sets (6-3, 6-3, 2-6, 5-7, 6-1). In 1901 he finally lost his Wimbledon crown when he was defeated in the Challenge Round by Arthur Gore in four sets (6-4, 5-7, 4-6, 4-6). He was also a runner-up at the U.S. Championships in 1902 where he was beaten by the defending American champion William Larned in four sets (6-4, 2-6, 4-6, 6-8). Together with his brother Laurie he won eight Wimbledon Championships doubles titles and two U.S. Championship doubles titles.
Davis Cup
Doherty represented the British Isles in the prestigious Davis Cup contest from 1902 to 1906. In 1902 he won the doubles match with his brother but lost the final and decisive singles match against American Malcolm Whitman in straight sets (1-6, 5-7, 4-6). In 1903 he contributed significantly to his team's his first Davis Cup title against the United States by winning the doubles match and the decisive singles match against Robert Wrenn . Doherty won the Davis Cup trophy a further three times (1904, 1905, 1906) although in these years he only competed, and won, in the doubles matches [3] .
Olympics
Doherty won the doubles title ( gold medals were not given at the 1900 Games) at the 1900 Olympic Games in Paris with his brother. He also competed in the singles tournament and reached the semi-final where he was scheduled to play against his brother. Reggie withdrew, since the brothers refused to play each other before the final [4] . He also won the mixed doubles title with five-time Wimbledon champion Charlotte Cooper . Doherty did not compete in the 1904 Olympics in St. Louis . In the 1908 Olympics in London Reggie again won the doubles title, this time with compatriot George Hillyard [5] .
R.F. Doherty was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1980 together with his brother [6] .
Death
Doherty died on 29 December 1910 at the age of only 38 at his home in Kensington shortly after returning from a convalescence stay in a sanatorium in Davos , Switzerland [7] .
According to his obituary in The New York Times, Doherty had "been ill health for some time". The article further stated, he "held at various times every important championship the world of tennis has for a man to win. He was not beaten until he began to fail in health". [1] Both brothers apparently suffered from respiratory problems throughout their lives. [8]
R.F. and his brother had been urged to take up lawn tennis by their father, reportedly for health reasons. [1]
Grand Slam record
| Tennis |
Which country has the internet domain .au? | Tennisturniere - Wimbledon (Teil 1)
Tennisturniere - Wimbledon (Teil 1)
Norman Brookes - AUS/Anthony Wilding - NZL
1908
Major Ritchie - GB/Anthony Wilding - NZL
1909
Major Ritchie - GB/Anthony Wilding - NZL
1911
Max Decugis/Andr� Gobert - FRA
1912
Norman Brookes - AUS/Anthony Wilding - NZL
1919
Pat O'Hara Wood/Ronald Thomas - AUS
1920
James Anderson - AUS/Randolph Lycett - GB
1923
Jean Borotra/Ren� Lacoste - FRA
1926
William Allison/John Van Ryn - USA
1930
William Allison/John Van Ryn - USA
1931
George Lott/John Van Ryn - USA
1932
Rafael Osuna - MEX/Dennis Ralston - USA
1961
Jimmy Connors - USA/Ilie Nastase - ROM
1974
Bj�rn Borg - SWE
Chris Evert - USA
Brian Gottfried - USA/Raul Ramirez - MEX
1977
Bj�rn Borg - SWE
Virginia Wade - GB
| i don't know |
Sarafina, Banzai and Shenzi are all characters in which Disney series of films? | Sarafina | Disney Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia
Sarafina is a minor character from The Lion King . She is the mother of Nala , and the maternal grandmother of Kion and Kiara .
Contents
Background
Sarafina is a minor character in the film, making few appearances and having only one spoken line.
Little of her past is known, though she mated with an unnamed lion with whom she had a daughter named Nala. However, as Nala is stated to be betrothed to Simba as part of a long-standing tradition, she would have presumably agreed to the betrothal at some point.
Appearances
The Lion King
Sarafina is first seen sleeping with the other lionesses inside Pride Rock with Nala in her paws as Simba arrives to wake up Mufasa .
She is then seen later that day bathing Nala while visiting Sarabi. When Nala asks for permission to accompany Simba to the watering hole, she asks Sarabi for her opinion. When Sarabi gives her permission, Sarafina agrees and allows the two cubs to go. She later appears along with the rest of the pride as they mourn the deaths of Simba and Mufasa.
The Lion King: Six New Adventures
Sarafina makes an appearance in the book Nala's Dare, which is part of The Lion King: Six New Adventures series. In the book, she along with a young rogue lion named Ni, rescue Nala and her friends Kula and Chumvi from hyenas. She later introduces Ni, who had been driven from his pride to the rest of the Pride Land lions.
Simba's Big Secret
After Nala goes missing, a worried Sarafina asks Simba if he has seen her. Not wanting to give away Nala's secret, Simba replies that he hasn't seen her.
However, after some coaxing from Sarabi, Simba tells Sarafina that Nala went to a secret cave near the red cliffs. Sarafina, Simba, Sarabi and the rest of the pride goes to search for Nala and discover her trapped inside the cave. After being rescued, Nala goes to Sarafina and promises not to go anywhere without telling someone again.
Trivia
In the Broadway show in " Chow Down " Shenzi tells Banzai that Nala's mom (Sarafina) ate Banzai's dad.
In early drafts to The Lion King, Sarafina (besides having Nala) had a son named Mheetu.
Her name is not stated in the film, and is only known from being listed in the film credits.
She appears to resemble Nala as an adult, possessing the same eyes and a similarly colored body.
Gallery
| The Lion King |
Which child of British monarch Queen Elizabeth II was born on 19th February 1960? | Shenzi,Banzai and Ed | Japanese Anime Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia
Edit
The hyenas were also featured in two spin-off books of The Lion King, set before the events of the original film. In A Tale of Two Brothers, the young hyenas appear at the beginning where they surround a helpless Rafiki who had just arrived in the Pride Lands. King Ahadi comes to the rescue just in time, with his sons Mufasa and Taka (Scar), and demands that the hyenas leave. The hyenas appear again later, where Shenzi advises Scar to make himself look good by making Mufasa look bad. Scar decided to incite a Cape Buffalo called Boma to fight Mufasa. The plan did not turn out well, and Scar's eye was wounded by the buffalo herd in the process, hence the nickname "Scar".
In Friends in Need, the teenage hyenas appear again at the beginning, where they are preparing to boil a teenage Zazu in the elephant graveyard like in the first film. A teenage Mufasa passes by, scares the hyenas away, and befriends Zazu.
Personality
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Shenzi, Banzai, and Ed have varying characteristics, but they overall have one common personality trait: insanity as well as a somewhat unnatural and almost sick liking of taunting their prey with hints of consumption. This trait is especially apparent when they first meet Nala and Simba , where Banzai and Shenzi start cracking jokes relating to eating them (Banzai: Yeah, we could have whatever's... 'lion' around! (laughs). Shenzi: Oh, wait, wait, wait, I got one, I got one. Make mine a cub sandwich! Whatcha think? (laughs).
Shenzi
Shenzi is the only female of the trio. According to Timon in The Lion King 1½, her full name is Shenzi Marie Predatora Veldetta Jacquelina Hyena. Her name means "savage", "pagan", "uncouth", or "barbarous" in Swahili. Her distinguishing features are five prominent bangs hanging over her face and a mane that reaches all the way to her bangs. She also lacks the dark grey 'stubble' snout of the males, the dark patches around her eyes are shaped to resemble heavily applied eye-shadow, and she has thicker lips with what seems to be black lipstick.
She is assertive, collected and possesses a considerable amount of self-control, only very rarely losing her temper. This makes her the de facto leader of the trio, and apparently the Matriarch of the clan of hyenas. Her authority is so absolute that she has no need to exert physical force over other hyenas - Banzai and Ed consistently follow her orders without her needing to fight them - whether they are to stop fighting, remain where they are, or even to lie to Scar .
Shenzi's primary concern is the well-being of her Clan. She allies the Clan with Scar even though the hyenas dislike the lions simply to provide for them, tells Scar that Simba is dead to get them into the Pride Lands, and is even unafraid of informing him that there's no food or water left, meaning the Clan is starving. When Scar tries to pin Mufasa's death on the hyenas at the end, she doesn't hesitate to inform the Clan of his betrayal, resulting in his elimination. And in Simba's Pride, she presumably has taken the Clan away from the Elephant Graveyard to find better hunting grounds.
Shenzi was originally going to be male and played by Tommy Chong, reuniting him with his old comedy partner Cheech Marin, who was playing Banzai, but apparently the two had had a falling out. Many of Shenzi's facial expressions and voice were copied from her voice actress, Whoopi Goldberg.
Banzai
Banzai is the most aggressive of the trio. Unlike the calmer, more intelligent Shenzi, he has almost no self-control and is always ready to lash out or start a fight. However, because he thinks with his muscles first and his head second, and has a tendency to speak without thinking, he is not the leader of the trio and always submits to Shenzi, consistently obeying her orders.
His name means "skulk" or "lurk" in Swahili. It can also mean "die with honor" or "ten thousand years" in Japanese, possibly a reference to his aggressive nature but more likely coincidental. His most distinguishing feature is his unusually heavy eyebrows. Apart from these, he is the model for most generic hyenas. He is the greediest of the three, frequently making references to being hungry, and asking for food. He also usually speaks and acts without thinking, losing his temper with Ed twice, and complaining when the Pride Lands lacks food under Scar's rule ("It's dinnertime, and we ain't got no stinkin' entrees!"). He even quietly remarks to his friends that Mufasa was a better king than Scar. In addition, when about to commence the wildebeest stampede, he almost tried to kill and eat a sick Wildebeest before Scar gave them the signal, but was stopped by Shenzi, reminding him about waiting for Scar's signal.
He is wounded twice in the film, the first time in taking the worst injuries, Banzai's buttocks were severely lacerated by Mufasa's sharp claws, causing him to be unable to sit down for a week, (I won't be able to sit for a week) he tells Shenzi and Ed, and secondly when he is knocked into a thorn patch while chasing Simba out of the Pride Lands.
Ed
Ed is one of the few characters not to have a Swahili name. However, there exists in English the word eddy meaning whirlpool.
Ed is apparently the 'crazy guy' of the trio. His distinguishing features are two round cuts on each ear, he is constantly grinning, his tongue often lolls from his mouth and his eyes rarely seem to focus on anything. Also, he has no eyebrows. He communicates through laughter, his only line of dialogue being the chorus of the song Be Prepared (mostly because Jim Cummings was filling in Jeremy Irons'/Scar's lines at this point). When amused by anything, he cannot control his laughter.
In the special edition of The Lion King DVD, character profiling reveals that Ed is neither stupid or completely insane; he "knows the score". However, for whatever reason, he chooses not to speak (although some of Shenzi and Banzai's reactions to his laughter seem to indicate that they are able to translate his laughter to meaningful language anyways). He often displays lucidity, being the first to notice Simba, Nala and Zazu escaping while his two peers are busy cracking jokes about eating them. When Shenzi comments that the hyenas would be running the show if the lions weren't around, he nods in agreement, listening to the conversation. And when Scar betrays the hyenas at the end, he understands that they have been betrayed just as well as Shenzi and Banzai, and is just as angry as they are.
In addition, both Banzai and Shenzi have waited until Ed's reply before deciding on a response or a proper course of action at least twice: The first time when Shenzi and Banzai were rhetorically asking who was present in the Elephant Graveyard, and the second when noting that Scar had earlier called them their enemies before exacting revenge with the other Hyena Clan members.
However, when they were attacked by Mufasa and Shenzi and Banzai denied knowing that Simba was his son, Ed confirmed it; during a scuffle with Banzai, he chews on his own leg obliviously; he has numerous 'episodes' during which he stares vacantly, and cannot control his laughter. Ed's behavior is reminiscent of a Manic Depressive (aka Bipolar Disorder). Jim Cummings recorded over four hours of various laughter clips for any situation Ed might be in; excited, amused, angry and so.
Appearance
Edit
The hyenas first appear in the Elephant Graveyard that Simba , and Nala venture into. The hyenas, under Scar's orders, chase the cubs in an attempt to kill them. While in pursuit, Shenzi catches up with Nala, and is about to savage her when she is struck by Simba, which results in three visible blood-like scratches on her cheek. The hyenas push Zazu into a 'birdie boiler, they plan to kill Simba and Nala. They corner Simba, and Nala but are thwarted by Mufasa 's arrival. They attack him, but are quickly defeated, and frightened off.
Later, Scar arrives in the Elephant Graveyard, to tell off the hyenas for failing to kill Simba. However, after Banzai and Shenzi ask sardonically whether Scar should kill Mufasa to claim the throne while feasting on a Zebra's leg that Scar supplied to them (Shenzi: So, what do you expect to do? Banzai: Yeah? Kill Mufasa?), they unwittingly gave him an idea: He then informs them of the newly-formed plan to kill both Mufasa and Simba during the song "Be Prepared". Afterwards, they help Scar carry out his plan to kill Mufasa by triggering the wildebeest stampede. Immediately after Scar tells Simba to run away and never return, he commands the hyenas to kill Simba too, but Simba falls into thorny bushes where the hyenas can't follow him. Shenzi decides that Simba is as good as dead out alone in the desert, that if he survives he probably won't come back (not unreasonable assumptions), and that IF he comes back, they'll kill him then. The entire pack then enters the Pride Lands.
Years into Scar's reign, the hyenas' excessive presence in the Pride Lands has damaged the ecological balance. They come to Scar's cave to inform him that there's no food or water, and that the lionesses refuse to follow his orders. Banzai quietly remarks that things were better under Mufasa. Scar angrily orders Banzai to repeat what he just said, and Banzai quickly corrects himself by saying that he simply said "Que Pasa?". Still touchy about Banzai's remark and angry at being compared unfavorably to his brother, Scar throws them out without listening to their complaints.
When Simba returns to overthrow Scar, Shenzi, Banzai, and Ed grew worried when Scar learned that Simba was alive and backed away (Scar glared at them, indicating that he found out that the hyenas have not done their job, and that Shenzi, Banzai, and Ed had presumably never informed Scar of that development), but then the hyenas demonstrate their continued loyalty to Scar by joining the fight on his side, but most are defeated. Including Shenzi and Banzai, who are ruthlessly beaten up by Pumbaa for calling him a "pig" while Ed watches.
When Shenzi, Banzai, and Ed overhear Scar trying to foist all blame for the plot on them to Simba, they furiously turn against their former boss. Alerting the other hyenas to his treachery, they corner Scar after he is defeated by Simba. Scar frantically tries to absolve himself, but the hyenas have had enough of his lies, derogatory treatment, and broken promises, they leap on Scar and tear him to ribbons as flames raise around them.
The Lion King 2
Edit
In the direct-to-video sequel The Lion King 2 Simba's Pride, the hyenas are only briefly mentioned by Nuka as he and his grown sister Vitani arrive at the Elephant Graveyard. He says simply "This place is even creepier since the hyenas ran off". Originally, Zira was going to be accompanied by the hyenas but it was changed to being Outsider Lions.
The Lion King 1 1/2
Edit
In the direct-to-video midquel The Lion King 1½, the hyenas have a fairly major role in setting the story rolling and serve as the film's main villains (seeing as Scar has no lines and makes only very brief appearances.
In their first appearance, they attack a meerkat colony when Timon, who is the sentry on duty of the colony, is daydreaming. They fail to catch any meerkats, but this incident drives Timon to leave the colony to find where he truly belongs. The hyenas make an appearance again during the film's climax at Pride Rock. Some anonymous hyenas are seen chasing Timon and Pumbaa into a cave (after the Hula song in the first film), and are driven away by Pumbaa's flatulence.
Timon and Pumbaa insult the hyenas to get them away from Simba so that he has a better chance against Scar - Ed as usual laughs at the joke, and Banzai hits him, while Shenzi tells them, "For your last meal, you're gonna eat those words." Eventually, Timon and Pumbaa are cornered by the hyenas.
Timon first balances plates, then performs the can-can, which stalls the hyenas briefly, then breakdances with Pumbaa, which Shenzi applauds to before simply agreeing with Banzai to eat them. Finally, he proposes to Shenzi as a desperate move to buy time for his mother and Uncle Max as they dig a tunnel, which she turns down, becoming more and more disgusted at his proposal. Banzai seems to realize Timon is trying to buy time for something, and says, "I say we skip the wedding and get straight to the buffet!" However, this has bought just enough time and the hyenas then fall into the tunnel, which transports them to base of Pride Rock, just in time for them to find Scar and kill him.
TV Show Appearances
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The three hyenas made occasional appearances in the TV series The Lion King's Timon and Pumbaa. While Jim Cummings reprised his role as Ed, Tress Macneille and Rob Paulson replaced Whoopi Goldberg and Cheech Marin. The hyenas were also more noticeably dim-witted in the series in comparison to the movies. In addition, for unexplained reasons, they somehow managed to learn how to stand on their hind legs and are able to talk to humans.
The hyenas had four "skits" in which they starred, usually trying to get an easy meal. These were called "The Laughing Hyenas". In the episode TV Dinner : The hyenas observe a nature documentary made about an armadillo in the Serengeti. This is pretty impressive for a start, as armadillos are not native to ANY part of Africa, only the Americas. The three of them decide that they too can be stars and get great meals. For the host Martin Partin, Shenzi demonstrates ballet dancing, Banzai performs a singing act, and Ed attempts slapstick comedy, but they are turned down abruptly. When the armadillo gets a movie deal, they are offered jobs, but decide that they'd rather be directors, and have Martin Partin for lunch.
In the episode Can't Take A Yolk : Shenzi wakes up, and wakes up Banzai, who wakes up Ed. While Banzai and Ed fight, Shenzi spots a mother ostrich nursing an egg, and persuades Banzai that the egg would make an excellent breakfast. First they attempt to creep up on the egg, but find it's heavily alarmed. Then they try to crush the mother ostrich with a large rock, but get crushed themselves. Then they try to tunnel up under the egg, but end up tunneling to China, and get crushed by a cart. Then they redirect an elephant to crush both mother and egg, but get crushed by the elephant. Finally Shenzi has them disguise themselves as ostriches and persuades the mother to put her head in the sand, while they steal the egg and substitute a rock. However, as they argue over who gets to eat the egg, it hatches into a huge ostrich, and they are knocked into a canyon and squashed by a large rock.
In the episode Cooked Goose : Two snooty Cheetahs have found that the hyena trio is disturbing their hunts, so they decide to send them on wild goose chases to get them out of the way. First they try giving them a treasure map where X marks the spot, but the hyenas don't know how you spell 'X'. Then they try catapulting the hyenas via Serengeti Shuttle into a volcano, but the hyenas just come back, suspicious about the lack of seatbelts, airbags, and lack of peanuts. Finally they decide that if they split the hyenas up, telling each one that they are the brains of the bunch and giving them directions to the North Pole.
Unfortunately the hyenas meet up there and realize they've been conned. Back in the Serengeti, they find the Cheetahs again, who are so stuffed from eating that they cannot outrun the hyenas. Just as the hyenas are about to eat them, a wild goose arrives and asks them which way is south, as he's headed for a wild goose convention. The five of them direct him, then chase him.
In the episode Big Top Breakfast : The hyenas are walking along, complaining about how hungry they are. Banzai comments that he's so hungry he could eat a circus monkey, and a crate with Simon the circus monkey on it lands on the three of them. They promptly start arguing about who gets to eat him, allowing him to escape. Shenzi suggests that they pretend to be monkeys and hide in a barrel, and Banzai suggests that "Hey, we can build an environment suitable and comfortable for all species in the class known as Chimpanzee." Ed however, discovers that the crate the monkey landed with is full of circus stuff. Shenzi promptly constructs an elaborate circus, and posing as ringmaster, gets Simon to dive into their cooking pot. He breaks out, and hides in a circus cannon, which Banzai fires. The cannon explodes, and the hyenas are left charred and monkey-less. Banzai complains that he is so hungry that he could eat a blue whale, and one promptly lands on the three of them.
House of Mouse
Edit
The hyenas were featured in several episodes of House of Mouse, and were part of the entourage of Disney villains featured in Mickey's House of Villains. Banzai can be seen in the song "It's our house now". In the episode "Turkey Day", the hyenas were anxiously waiting to eat turkey but when they learn he's a guest member and not a snack - they briefly try to eat Pumbaa. In "Donald's Pumbaa Prank" they were seen at their table about to eat Zazu. In "House of Crime", Shenzi can be seen in a cage along with other villains before they all disappear. They're also seen near the beginning of the pilot episode "The Stolen Cartoons."
Video Games
Edit
Kingdom of Hearts 2
In this video game, Tress MacNeille reprised her role as Shenzi and Jim Cummings reprised his role as Ed and Cheech Marin reprised his role as Banzai
In the game, the trio and the clan are desperate for food and try to eat Sora, Donald and Goofy. Banzai almost killed Sora but were stopped when Scar roared. The hyena trio ran off to Scar to see what he wanted along with the other hyenas.
The hyena trio are seen once again at Pride Rock and were about to attack them, but Scar roared then the hyena trio looked up and saw Scar and Pete . When Nala knocked down Scar and told Sora, Donald and Goofy to run. The three heroes ran with Shenzi, Banzai and Ed and the other hyenas in pursuit. Sora, Donald, Goofy and Nala managed to get away from the hyenas. The hyena trio are later seen again at Pride Rock preventing Simba from getting to Scar.
Sora then told Simba to go after Scar while his friends handle the hyenas. Timon and Pumbaa knocked the hyenas into the air but they were chased into Pride Rock by the hyena trio and the other hyenas. Sora, Donald and Goofy battled the hyena trio inside Pride Rock. The trio were easily defeated and ran away out of Pride Rock.
Later on in the game, the trio of hyenas are fought again for information on the source of Scar's Ghost. They know nothing of the ghost, and taunt Simba about it. They also seem to have somewhat of a grudge against Sora, Donald, and Goofy, as it was thanks to their part in overthrowing Scar that they were sent back to the Elephant Graveyard to only eat scraps.
Quotes
Edit
Ernie Sabella, who voiced Pumbaa in the film, originally auditioned for the role of Shenzi. But after Nathan Lane, who previously worked with Sabella on Guys and Dolls and were already good friends, auditioned for the role of Zazu, Lane and Sabella were instead cast as Timon and Pumbaa, respectively.
They are some of the most popular characters of the franchise.
Shenzi's position as leader of the hyenas is very like that of real life - real spotted hyenas are matriarchal, and females dominate the males. For male hyenas to have any real power within a clan, they have usually performed long-time services for high-ranking females.
Shenzi was orignally going to be male and voiced by Tommy Chong, who is best known for his collaborations with Cheech Marin, who voices Banzai.
Shenzi is probably NOT Banzai or Ed's sister. Reasons include (but are not limited to): no canon material - whether movies, theater, comics, books or games - EVER refers to the three hyenas as being siblings. If Disney intended them to be related, they would surely have mentioned it at least ONCE.
In Disney's Broadway production of The Lion King, in the song "Chow Down", Shenzi says to Banzai, "Now wasn't it her (Nala's) mom, who ate your dad?" By Disney's incest and adultery-free logic, this would mean Shenzi's parents are not Banzai's parents.
Shenzi calls Banzai 'honey' and baby on several occasions. In the TLH episode "TV Dinner" Banzai calls Shenzi "girlfriend" (albeit in the context of 'a girl-friend', not 'my girlfriend'). These are terms which siblings would be highly unlikely to use on each other.
Male hyenas usually migrate from their birth clans to join another when they reach sexual maturity, while females often stay with their clan life-long, inheriting the status of their mother - meaning that Shenzi is probably also the daughter of a high-ranking female.
In early production of The Lion King, Shenzi, Banzai and Ed were originally to suppose to be cape dogs but were later changed to spotted hyenas. This may have been because the cape dog is an endangered species, and spotted hyenas and African lions are naturally enemies - more so than most animals.
Currently, Shenzi has the longest name out of any character in the Lion King series, possibly more than any other Disney character created. Her full name being "Shenzi Marie Predatora Veldetta Jacquelina Hyena", a total of six names. However, given that Timon was trying to stall her and the other Hyenas while his family broke the tunnel underneath them, its unknown if it was actually her name.
In the Kingdom Hearts series, Banzai comes the closest to killing Sora out of any villains in the series, and was only unable to since Scar called for him and the others.
Shenzi, Banzai, Ed and the rest of the hyenas are the second villain sidekicks to kill their former boss. The first being Iago, however, he reformed and it's generally believed the hyenas did as well.
According to The Lion King: The Junior Novelization, when Shenzi, Banzai, and Ed finally kill Scar out of revenge for betraying them and the other hyenas, they describe his death as being "a king fit for a meal".
In an early script for the climax of The Lion King, Banzai was originally going to be flung onto the ribcage imprisoning Zazu, thus freeing him and allowing him to peck Banzai on the head, then Ed comes to help. The two come close to killing Zazu when Timon and Pumbaa ram them from behind and send them flying to a burning tree. Also, it was originally going to be just Shenzi who follows Scar up Pride Rock and hears him betray the hyenas.
It has been revealed that Janja (the main antagonist of The Lion King's spin-off series The Lion Guard) and his clan are descendants of Shenzi, Banzai and Ed's clan, but it is still never revealed what happened to the previous clan.
Voice Actresses & Actors
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In the International Morse Code a dash is equal to how many dots? | International Morse Code
International Morse Code
For learning Morse code it is recommended that you do not try to remember dots and dashes, but remember the Morse code sounds instead.
Letter
CL, Going off the air ("clear")
-.-..-..
DO, Change to wabun code
-..---
KN, Invite a specific station to transmit
-.--.
SK, End of transmission (also VA)
...-.-
I am ready to copy
QRV?
Are you ready to copy?
QRL
The frequency is in use
QRL?
Is the frequency in use?
QTH
What is your location?
Notes
If the duration of a dot is taken to be one unit then that of a dash is three units. The space between the components of one character is one unit, between characters is three units and between words seven units. To indicate that a mistake has been made and for the receiver to delete the last word, send ........ (eight dots).
The prosigns are combinations of two letters sent together with no space in between. The other abbreviations and Q codes are sent with the normal spacing.
I am a father and foster carer
a principal research engineer at the IT Innovation Centre
a Woodcraft Folk district coordinator
a salsa teacher
and in my spare time I write and maintain this web site
© Copyright Stephen C. Phillips, 2015
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A left-handed boxer is called a ‘what’…paw? | International Morse Code
International Morse Code
International Morse code is a telegraphic alphabet, with letters, numbers, and punctuation represented by sound patterns (dashes and dots).
A dash is equal to three dots
The space between parts of the same letter is equal to one dot
The space between two letters is equal to three dots
The space between two words is equal to seven dots
Character
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During which year did the pre-decimal halfpenny coin cease to be legal tender in the UK? | Halfpenny: The story of how a tiny, 'annoying' coin was abolished - BBC News
BBC News
Halfpenny: The story of how a tiny, 'annoying' coin was abolished
By Vanessa Barford BBC News Magazine
21 May 2014
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Image copyright Alamy
It's 30 years since the British decimal halfpenny was being phased out. Why did the UK hang on to a tiny coin for so long?
Before everyone gets misty-eyed about the bronze halfpenny, it's worth remembering how annoying Britain's least loved coin, notorious for getting lost in trousers and furniture upholstery, was.
People were commonly said not to bother to bend down in the street to pick it up if they dropped one.
"In terms of the coins in your pocket, it's useless," the National Consumer Council told the Herald Tribune in 1983. News stand workers in the early 1980s couldn't even give the unloved halfpenny away, according to the paper. "We've got a bagful in the till, and although customers give them to us in payments sometimes, we can't hand any out," vendor Danny Curbishley complained.
The coin's pifflingness - or necessity - was regular fodder for the Times' letter pages. "Sir, I can scarcely believe that writers of letters bemoaning the demise of the halfpenny coin, because they would not be able to deal with some small-apertured possession without it, are being serious," wrote Pamela Johnson in February 1984.
Image copyright Thinkstock
"Sir, Some may dispute the 'rounding-up' or down, of the halfpenny coin, but let not its existence be imperilled. It is indispensable for levelling off pendulum clocks," countered Priscilla Glover in December.
The then Chancellor Nigel Lawson announced the coin's demise in a written Commons answer in 1984, saying "most people would be glad to get rid of them". The Royal Mint stopped making them at the end of February, and it ceased to be legal tender in December.
But the curious thing about the coin is not that it was abolished, rather that it lasted a full 13 years after its introduction with decimalisation in 1971.
The Treasury's delay in ending the halfpenny arose from fears that if the coin was abolished, retailers would raise prices to the nearest penny, which would in turn contribute to inflation. By 1984, the government had got to a point where it believed so few transactions would be affected, there would be no measurable impact.
When it came down to it, Bank of England figures show inflation rose by 0.5% in January 1985. But accounts at the Bank in the subsequent months did not make mention of the removal of the halfpenny as a reason. A spokesman today says inflation was more likely to be down to a decline in exchange rates or a rise in commodity prices.
Dr Kevin Clancy, director of the Royal Mint Museum, agrees that it is "profoundly unlikely" that the coin's withdrawal had any impact on inflation. "If you think of how many transactions occurred in 1984, the idea that the lowest denomination in British currency had an impact is extremely unlikely. There were far many bigger economic influences at play. The same questions were raised with decimalisation, and that was a whole system, not one coin. The conclusion was even if retailers did adjust their prices by rounding up, the impact would be negligible in the economy of the nation."
A study - albeit rather unscientific - of the price of a couple of items suggests fears all prices would be rounded up didn't materialise. The second class stamp rose from 12.5p in 1983 to 13p in 1984, then dropped to 12p in 1985. The price of a dog licence went from 37.5p in 1984 to 37p in 1985.
And supermarket chains pledged to round prices down rather than up.
Image copyright PA
Image caption Nigel Lawson: The chancellor who abolished the halfpenny
Apart from annoyance to ordinary people, the reasons for getting rid of the coin were compelling.
"High inflation in the late 1970s had devalued the coin to the point that it was insignificant and costly to produce," says the British Museum's modern money curator Thomas Hockenhull. "By 1984, it had an impractically small value and purchasing power."
At the time, there was speculation the coin had become more expensive to make than its face value. Garrick Hileman, an economic historian at the London School of Economics, says the history of currency is littered with cases of when melted coins may have exceeded their purchasing power.
Size was another sticking point. The halfpenny was tiny - about 17mm diameter compared with the current penny's 20mm - and critics complained many fell out of pockets and got stuck behind sofas.
Pre-decimal ha'penny
Image copyright Thinkstock
First minted in copper in 1717; minted in bronze from 1860, ceased to be legal tender in 1969
Image of Britannia appeared on coin reverse from 1860; from 1937 onwards featured image of the Golden Hind (pictured); like all British coinage, obverse carried portrait of monarch
Colloquially written ha'penny, there were 480 in one pound sterling; coin was 25.48mm in diameter, and weighed 5.67g
Research shows the optimum size of a coin is between 19mm-22mm, according to Clancey. "17mm is still fine - anything between 15mm and 28mm is practical - but it's at the lower end. At the other end of the scale the British crown [in 1707] was 38mm and was never popular," he says.
The halfpenny also had an image problem because it wasn't very aesthetically pleasing as well, according to Hockenhull.
"It didn't have the Royal Coat of Arms like the pound coin, an image of Britannia or the ship of the pre-decimal halfpenny. It was a boring looking coin - not one I can't imagine anyone thinking beautiful. It also didn't symbolise a national identity. The halfpenny was always a part of a penny, never its own entity. Back in the 1300s they used to literally cut pennies in half to get halfpennies, or quarters for a farthing," he says.
But having killed the halfpenny, why has the UK never done something about the penny? Hileman says the story of the halfpenny fits into a broader question over "the big problem of small change".
More from the Magazine
The coin less than any other in the world (February 2013)
"There's an economic impact to having fewer denominations - it can create friction when the denomination isn't micro enough to accommodate the transactions people want to do. But the halfpenny fits into a historical problem of what happens to currency when it's not as efficient as it could be - in most cases it comes down to the cost it takes to produce versus its economic utility," he says.
The Canadian penny was withdrawn from circulation last year because production costs exceeded its monetary value. There has been a long-running debate in the US over the future of its single cent and the future of the British penny has been questioned.
In 1984, not many people mourned the loss of the halfpenny. "The decimal halfpenny didn't have a long history. It was never top of the bill or had a starring role," says Clancy. But he says to dismiss the coin's value entirely would do it a disservice.
"The halfpenny played an important role in the important transition to a new currency system. It was a point of familiarity. A way of reassuring people things hadn't changed too much," he says.
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| 1969 |
What is the name of the dog in Enid Blyton’s ‘Famous Five’? | Decimal Coins of the UK - The Change to Decimal Coinage
The Change to Decimal Coinage
Pictures of Decimal Coins
Decimalisation Day
D-Day was February 15th 1971. On that day the United Kingdom changed from the centuries old tradition of using 12 pence to the shilling and 20 shillings to the pound to a new decimal 100 new pence to the pound.
Options considered
There had been much debate as to the best way of implementing the switch.
Australia used a dollar valued at ten old shillings, making the new cent equal to 1.2 old pence, a small change in value.
An alternative was to go to a pound-mil system, with a mil equal to 0.24 old pence, a latter-day successor to the farthing.
Another was to keep the penny and have a new unit at 100 pence (eight shillings and fourpence).
However, in the UK the pound was considered to be particularly important because of the UK's international trading status. In addition, having a new penny worth 2.4 old pence was less of a problem as inflation had made its purchasing power insignificant. As a temporary measure a half new penny was introduced, but as will be seen this had a short life. There was even a pattern quarter penny made in aluminium, but this was not proceeded with.
It was realised at the time that the decision was made that the life of the halfpenny would be very short, but it was felt necessary despite the considerable extra cost of having to mint the coin. Banks never accepted transactions involving an odd halfpenny.
The Timetable for the Change
The change was made gradually over three years, in a number of stages.
In 1968 new shillings and florins were issued as 5 new pence and 10 new pence coins. The older shillings and florins continued to circulate long after decimalisation until the size of the coins was reduced. Theoretically silver coins from 1816 could still have been found in change, but the active withdrawal of silver in the years following the change in 1947, followed by the combination of a dramatic rise in the price of silver with devaluation in 1967 meant that silver coins rapidly vanished from circulation.
Blue plastic wallets containing the new 5p and 10p coins dated 1968, along with 1/2p, 1p and 2p coins dated 1971 were put on sale. These wallets are still very common.
In October 1969 the 50 new pence piece replaced the 10 shilling note, which ceased to be legal tender on 22nd November 1970.
The old halfpenny was demonetised on 1st August 1969.
The half-crown was demonetised on 1st January 1970.
The remaining decimal coins became legal tender on 15th February 1971. Maundy coins (and silver threepenny pieces of Maundy design, i.e. with a crowned three on the reverse) were revalued as being in new pence at the same time.
The changeover was so rapid that the old penny and nickel brass threepence pieces had been removed from circulation by the end of 1971, although I know of one shop in the Yorkshire Dales which continued to use the old currency for a long time on the basis that 'this new-fangled stuff will never catch on'.
The old penny and threepence coins ceased to be legal tender on 31st August 1971, just over six months after D-day. It is no longer possible to exchange them for current coins at a bank.
Later Developments
The sixpence , which was allowed to continue circulating at 2½ new pence, was eventually withdrawn at the end of June 1980. I am indebted to Brian Dominic for the following quote from John Glover's book "London's Underground": "The adoption of decimal currency on 15 February 1971 posed a few problems for London Transport, which had favoured the £ Sterling being halved in value and divided into 100 pence - what today might be termed a '50p pound'. With their extensive use of coin operated machines, the Board took strong exception to the proposed introduction of ½p coins, the lack of any coin between 2p and 5p, and the lack of a close relationship of old values and coins with the new. It was all too difficult for them, and it was indeed at London Transport's behest that the 2½p (sixpence) was retained in the coinage for the time being."
The term 'New Penny' was dropped in 1982 on the grounds that after ten years it was no longer 'new'. In that year a new denomination, the 20p coin was introduced. It has proved very popular, and is one of the most frequently encountered coins in change.
The pound coin was first issued in 1983. Again, there was a little resistance to the change from note to coin, but cessation of production of the pound note rapidly overcame the objections and the coin is now very well established. The notes were demonetised on 11th March 1988.
The half penny coin was last minted for circulation in 1983. In 1984 the denomination was only issued in Mint and Proof Sets and in December 1984 the coin was demonetised, as inflation had rendered it an anachronism.
In 1985 a new portrait came into use, designed by Raphael David Maklouf, although the portrait on the Maundy coins was unchanged.
Commemorative two pound coins were first issued in 1986, but although legal tender they rarely circulated (some are appearing in change now that the bimetallic circulating coin has been introduced, but as they are about twice the weight of circulating coins, banks have difficulty handling them).
Crown sized commemorative coins valued at 25 pence continued to be minted, but after the Royal Wedding issue of 1981 later 'crowns' were valued at five pounds . This is a source of confusion, but the way to be sure is to know that if they are five pound coins they have the value on them.
It was intended that a new two pound coin of the same diameter but thinner than the commemorative versions be introduced in November 1997, but due to technical problems (vending machines rejected them), the introduction was delayed until 1998. This new coin is bimetallic, being the first such coin to be issued in the UK since the tin farthings and halfpennies of the late 17th century. It is the subject of an urban legend, in that a rumour is going the rounds that those coins where the queen is wearing a necklace are rare. This is most definitely untrue, but hoarding of these coins means they not often found in change.
In 1998 a further new obverse portrait was introduced, designed by Ian Rank-Broadley, which is still in use nearly ten years later.
In 2008 a new set of reverse designs has been revealed, which, in the words of the Royal Mint, 'are a contemporary take on traditional heraldry reflecting the nation's rich history'. These designs apply only to the denominations from 1 penny to 1 pound, and I have been told that both the old and the new reverse designs will be put into circulation dated 2008.
Metal Change
In 1992 the metal used for the one penny and two penny coins was changed from bronze to copper coated steel. The use of a pure copper coating means that the colour of mint coins is slightly different. Also, as the density of steel is less than bronze and the weight was unchanged, the newer coins are noticeably thicker than the older ones.
The versions of these coins issued in the 1992 Mint and Proof sets are said to be bronze - only the circulation issue coins of that date were steel.
In 1998 the 2p (and possibly the 1p) temporarily reverted to bronze because of technical problems at the Royal Mint.
In 2011 the 5p and 10p coins will change to being made of plated steel as the lower denominations. Perhaps the 20p and 50p will follow, but the sharper corners of these seven-sided coins may mitigate against this.
Shrinkage
As a result of inflation the coins based on the old system, the five pence and ten pence , were increasingly seen as oversized for their value.
In 1990 a new smaller version of the 5p coin was introduced, and the old large ones along with the shillings that were still to be found were demonetised at the end of that year.
The same technique was used for the 10p coin in 1992, with the old size 10p and florin being demonetised at the end of June 1993. Frustratingly, the new 10p is similar in size to the old large 5p, and very occasionally you get fooled!
The next was the 50p coin , which was reduced in size in 1997. This also reduced the enormous stock of the larger coins held in banks due to a reduction in demand after the introduction of the pound coin. A similar problem with the pound coin now that the circulating two pound coin has come into use did occur only to the extent that new one pound coins were not issued for circulation dated 1998 and 1999.
A new series of 'normal' non-commemorative designs were released in 2008 for all except the two pound coin. As these were not announced until well into the year, coins up to one pound dated 2008 come in both the original 1968/1971 designs and the new 2008 design. The 2008 50p with Britannia reverse had a very low mintage - I have only seen one in circulation.
Starting in 2009, an enormous variety of coins of various denominations are being issued in connection with the 2012 Olympics in London.
The Future
The penny and twopence coins have become ever more insignificant in value in everyday transactions. However, these two denominations comprise the largest bulk of new coins minted at the Royal Mint, no less than 71% in 1998-99. The reason for this is simple - they are hoarded because of their low value, with pockets and purses being emptied of these relatively heavy coins each day.
Australia and New Zealand have both abandoned the 1 and 2 cent coins, with no significant effect on either trade or inflation. Cash transactions are rounded to the nearest 5 cents, while credit card transactions and cheques can still be written for odd cents. How soon will the UK bow to the inevitable and demonetise the 'coppers'?
Legal Tender
The following applies to England and Wales:
20p and 50p coins are legal tender up to a total value of 10 pounds.
5p and 10p coins are legal tender up to a total value of 5 pounds.
1p and 2p coins are legal tender up to a total of 20 pence.
Therefore you cannot insist on paying your Income Tax (or other unpopular bill) in 1p coins!
While five pound coins and old monometallic thick two pound coins are technically legal tender, banks do not accept them. As a result you might find it difficult to find traders willing to accept them.
I gather that Scotland does not have any legal restriction, other than that payment should be presented in a reasonable manner. Tendering a large sum in pennies might not be considered 'reasonable', but the boundary between reasonable and unreasonable is not defined!
Acknowledgements
See my Coins Index page for acknowledgements
CSV File of Values
Download a CSV file of the values of decimal coins.
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American singer Frank Castelluccio is better known by what name? | Frankie Valli - Singer - Biography.com
Frankie Valli
Cite This Page
Frankie Valli is a U.S. vocalist known for his distinctive falsetto as lead singer of The Four Seasons, who had major hits like “Sherry,” “Working My Back to You” and “Who Loves You.” Valli is a successful solo artist as well with singles like “Can’t Take My Eyes Off of You” and “Grease.”
IN THESE GROUPS
»
quotes
“I've been up and down many times and worked my way through everything. If it all went away tomorrow, I can go live a normal life.”
“I always believed a singer should be able to sing any kind of song. If I wanted to sing a Cole Porter song, I should be able to do that. Or 'Sherry,' I should be able to do that. Or a Dylan song. I didn't go to any professional school to learn how to sing. I bought people's records, listened to them, tried to do what the singer did by imitating them, as close as I could possibly get.”
“I grew up in the projects, and we didn't know about giving lawyers contracts. You gave your word to somebody, and that was good enough. I still feel very strongly that way, although it's a very, very difficult thing to do nowadays.”
“I don't play golf or tennis, I don't ski, I don't snowboard. If you love what you do, you never get enough of it.”
“Falsetto was nothing new; rhythm and blues music was doing it for years. I just developed my falsetto to make it fuller than anyone else’s, and doing it on top, making it the lead, was what was different.”
“With 'Sherry,' we were looking for a sound. We wanted to make the kind of mark that, if the radio was playing one of our songs, you knew who it was immediately. But I didn’t want to sing like that my whole life.”
“My dad didn’t like me being in this business. Very early on, I was working in clubs and coming home at 3 and 4 in the morning, and he’d say, 'What kind of work is this?' But he supported me secretly. He would buy his own ticket to our performances, and people would tell me they had seen him there. And he would always buy our records, even though I gave them to him.”
“Becoming successful is a relentless pursuit. It's good that it's that way: When it does come, you learn to know how to appreciate it, and know how lucky you are to be doing something that you love so much.”
Frankie Valli
Synopsis
Frankie Valli, born on May 3, 1934, eventually became renowned for his distinctive falsetto as the lead vocalist of The Four Seasons. The group had a wave of major hits during the 1960s, including “Sherry,” “Walk Like a Man” and “Working My Way Back to You,” while also staging a comeback during the following decade. Valli forged a successful solo career as well with singles like “Can’t Take My Eyes Off of You,” “My Eyes Adored You” and the title song to the movie-musical Grease. The Tony Award-winning Broadway musical Jersey Boys launched in 2005, telling the story of Valli and The Four Seasons, followed almost a decade later with a movie adaptation directed by Clint Eastwood.
Background and Early Career
Francesco Stephen Castelluccio was born on May 3, 1934 in Newark, New Jersey to a working class Italian family. His mother nurtured his love of music at a young age, and he was influenced by jazz, doo-wop and soul, along with artists like The Drifters, Rose Murphy and Frank Sinatra.
The young Castelluccio would listen to some of his favorite singers on record at home and then practice what he’d heard. Realizing he needed a stage name, he changed Castelluccio to “Valley” and eventually “Valli,” after friend and country singer Texas Jean Valli.
Major Success With 4 Seasons
Working with a variety of acts and as a solo artist from the mid-1950s to early ‘60s with limited success, Valli eventually came to be with the group that, in 1961, would be known as The Four Seasons. With members who were all vocalists and instrumentalists, the group consisted of Valli, keyboardist/songwriter Bob Gaudio, who would pen an array of the Seasons’ songs, guitarist Tommy DeVito and bassist/vocal arranger Nick Massi.
The group hit it big in 1962 with their single “Sherry,” produced by Bob Crewe, which went to No. 1 on the Billboard pop and R&B charts, propelled by Valli’s very high, celebrated falsetto. Outside of a holiday song, the group’s next two singles—“Big Girls Don’t Cry” and “Walk Like a Man”—hit No. 1 pop as well.
The Four Seasons became one of the biggest pop acts of the 1960s, exploring different musical styles and continuing to amass chart hits even during the British invasion. They would go on to have more than two dozen Top 40 hits during the decade, which included songs like “Candy Girl”, “Dawn (Go Away), “Rag Doll,” “Working My Way Back to You” and “Opus 17 (Don’t You Worry About Me).”
Frankie Valli and The Seasons c. early 1960s (Photo: Getty Images - GAB Archive/Redferns)
Going Solo
In 1967, after a string of solo artist singles, Valli released “Can’t Take My Eyes Off of You,” a silky ode to romance that joyfully swings by mid-song and which reached No. 2 on the pop charts. With Four Seasons' membership coming to shift over the years and the group switching labels, Valli also released a number of solo albums during the 1970s that included Closeup (1975), Our Day Will Come (1975) and Lady Put the Light Out (1977).
He charted with singles once again with the Top 10 uptempo ditty “Swearin’ to God” and the sentimental “My Eyes Adored You,” which reached No. 1. The Four Seasons also made a comeback with songs from the 1975 Who Loves You album, including the Top 10 title track and the No. 1 “December, 1963 (Oh What a Night).”
Later, in the summer of 1978, Valli was the voice of an iconic anthem; namely, the title song from the movie adaptation of the musical Grease. Valli once again topped the charts, with the track penned by Barry Gibb of the Bee Gees.
Personal Life and 'Jersey Boys'
In 1954, Valli married his first wife Mary Mandel, who had a toddler daughter Celia from a previous marriage. Valli adopted Celia and had two more daughters, Antonia and Francine, with his first wife. The couple split in 1971. Valli was married to his second wife Mary Ann Hannigan from 1974 until 1982. Two years later, he married his third wife Randy Clohessy, and they had three sons together: Francesco and twins Emilio and Brando. He was married to his third wife for 22 years until their divorce in 2004.
Valli has experienced several personal struggles over the years. In 1967, he learned that he was losing his hearing from otosclerosis, hardening of the bone in the middle ear. He suffered from the condition until a surgery in 1980 restored most of his hearing. That year, he also suffered the devastating loss of his daughter Celia in an accident, followed six months later by the death of his youngest daughter Francine from a drug overdose.
Over the years, Valli has continued to tour with different iterations of The Four Seasons and tried acting as well, including an appearance on the TV series The Sopranos.
In 2005, the story of Valli and The Four Seasons hit Broadway in the critically acclaimed musical Jersey Boys, which features music by Gaudio. The musical won four Tony Awards, including Best Musical, and has traveled the world in various touring productions. It was also adapted into a 2014 film directed by Clint Eastwood .
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Citation Information
| Frankie Valli |
The fruit ‘Carambola’ is better known by what name? | Biography
Biography: Francis Stephen Castelluccio aka Frankie Valli
Frankie's date of birth has been a subject of debate for some time but it is now considered to be May 3rd 1934, in Newark, New Jersey.
The reason that confusion arose was because at the time of the 4 Seasons initial success, it was the custom for popular male singers to appear as young as possible so as to capture the teenage female market. It was felt that 16 year old girls would have no interest in anyone beyond the age of 21. It was claimed that Frankie was born in 1937 which would have made him 25 in 1962 when the Seasons hit the big time with "Sherry", and so one might think that shaving 3 years off his age was a pointless exercise anyway. Whilst to my knowledge Frankie has never been publicly forthcoming about his true age, it was nevertheless a subject of much mockery amongst his colleagues during shows where audiences were often invited to guess how old he really was.
The family name was Castelluccio and it wasn't 'till sometime later that Frankie took the name Valli. He was originally "discovered" by Texas Jean Valli the Country and Western singer who had seen Frankie perform in a school play singing "White Christmas". She introduced him to the publisher Paul Kapp as her brother and thus Frankie Valli was born. The eldest of three brothers (himself, Bobby and Alex), the family lived in Newark's North Ward, in particular in the Stephen Crane housing project. His mother Maria was Italian born and his father Anthony worked as a barber and later for the Lionel Train Company. His early musical influences were quite extensive and broad in range but dominated by jazz. In particular, he was drawn to the 4 Freshmen, a liking that has remained with him to this day, as well as the Hi-Los and Modernaires. He was also very familiar with Stan Kenton, Dizzy Gillespie, and Charlie Parker as well as vocalists Sarah Vaughn, Little Jimmy Scott and Nellie Lutcher. And it is alleged that his high voice was modeled on Rose Murphy, Dinah Washington, and Little Willie John but that should not negate the influence of the R & B records that Frankie listened to by such groups as the Clovers and Drifters.
But it wasn't just records and the radio that Frankie listened to. Pretty well most weeks his mother would take him to either The Adams Theatre or the Paramount Theatre in New York City and on one visit to the Paramount, at the age of 7, he saw Frank Sinatra perform, an experience that was to affect him deeply. In a later interview, he described it as follows; "I looked up, and I saw him coming out on stage, and the way he was lit up, it was like he had an aura around him, and as a kid, I said,
"Wow! Look at that! Someday I'm gonna do this"".
He perfected his art in the usual manner for those days. Street corners in Belleville in Jersey in the 50's would find him and others singing acapella versions of Country and Western songs, as well as rockabilly, pop, and Italian ballads. There were also school bands and occasional bookings in local nightclubs. His first recording was as early as 1953 and under the name Frank Valley when he cut "My Mother's Eyes" for the Corona label. Despite it's relative lack of success, he was able to make further recordings and in '54 he made "Forgive and Forget" and in '55 "It May Be Wrong" although the latter was made under the name Frankie Valley and the Travelers.
The one thing at this time that Frankie could rely on whilst his career stumbled around was support from his parents. In his own words; "My father didn't like me being in this business". Very early on, I was working in clubs and coming home at 3 and 4 in the morning, and he'd say, "What kind of work is this?" But he supported me secretly. He would buy his own ticket to our performances, and people would tell me they had seen him there. And he would always buy our records, even though I gave them to him. "You can't keep giving them away", he would say. "No one will buy them if you give them away"".
There were various changes in personnel in the bands Frankie played in but the most significant one occurred in 1959 when Charlie Calello left and was replaced by Bob Gaudio. Bob had shot to fame at the age of 14 when, as a member of the band The Royal Teens, he had written the massive hit "Short Shorts", covered later in the UK by Freddie and the Dreamers. The Royal Teens and The 4 Lovers had previously met during a joint appearance on The Buddy Deane TV show out of Baltimore. Frankie and Bob were introduced more formally a while later by a mutual friend, the actor Joe Pesci. Pesci has been an enduring presence during the Seasons' career, becoming a close, long standing friend of Frankie's and even today, offering employment to former Seasons' member Tommy DeVito. His goal in his filmmaking career has been to get Frankie's name mentioned as often as possible in any movie he happens to be in!
Frankie's meeting with Bob was to have monumental implications for the careers of both men. Bob went on to write the vast majority of hits that the Seasons had and the two of them also formed a partnership almost immediately upon meeting and based purely on a handshake, that continues to this day. Their individual earnings are combined and then split evenly between the two.
Frankie had met the producer Bob Crewe in New York whilst doing the rounds of the music publishers. Crewe was a charismatic and domineering individual. Good looking and artistically talented, he had worked previously as a model and had success himself as a singer with the "Whiffenpoof Song", an ironic title considering his bi-sexuality. But he had begun to make his mark more as a producer and in particular had success with Freddy Cannon's "Tallahassee Lassie". Something about the embryonic Seasons appealed to him and he signed them, principally at this point in time as his studio band. This was a contract that was later to cause many problems, mainly around the issue of money and accreditation on records.
The group worked on a substantial number of records that Crewe produced for other artists and identifying which ones is a subject that still preoccupies the thinking of many Crewe/Seasons aficionados to this day.
In the meantime, the final name change took place when they tried for a gig at a bowling alley in Union, N.J. Knocked back on that score, they nevertheless took the name of the bowling alley and the 4 Seasons were at last born. The group's first record was "Bermuda" released on the Gone label. It totally bombed. "Sherry" came next and how this came about is a matter of some minor contention. Crewe has publicly claimed that it was his idea to use Frankie's falsetto so prominently, having heard him clown around on stage whilst doing a warm up at some dingy nightclub. Bob Gaudio, who wrote the song, might have a different version. Perhaps one is being a bit picky but Crewe had already worked with Frankie for some time before they came to do "Sherry" and must have known before then just exactly what Frankie could do vocally. And neither was it the only falsetto based song recorded in that session.
It was written allegedly in 15 minutes (the best songs always are) and as Crewe was paying for the session, they sang it down the phone for him to get the go ahead to cut it. I'm not quite sure how one can produce a record remotely but that it seems is what Bob Crewe did as he was credited with being the producer but wasn't there. However, he used the session to get the guys a deal with Vee Jay, a predominantly black label.
But there were a number of points in 1962 that caught the public's imagination. Firstly, what exactly was it that was singing? A man? A woman? A bird? A plane? Maybe one of the Chipmunks? And were this lot black because they sounded sort of black, as no white guy had made this sort of noise before. The first T.V. appearance dispelled that one. And those "bay yay bees" and "yi yi yis" that Frankie phrased on both "Sherry" and "Big Girls" had the majority of the nation walking around mimicking him. Overnight success had taken close to 10 years and they were on their way.
And what about that amazing falsetto? "Falsetto was nothing new" said Frankie in an interview. "Rhythm and blues music was doing it for years. I just developed my falsetto to make it fuller than anyone else's, and doing it on top, making it the lead, was what was different". And that is just about the most expansive I have ever heard Frankie on the subject.
As the Seasons' career progressed, rumors began about Frankie leaving the group to go solo. To the public he didn't seem to need the others as he was the sound and the star of the group and much of the mid to later 60's seemed to be spent in issuing denials of this rumor. But Frankie did commence a solo career whilst still remaining with the group and issued his first single in 1965 called "The Sun Ain't Gonna Shine". Whilst it didn't do much for Frankie, it was later to become a hit for the Walker Brothers, a group of 3 Americans who had decamped to London to find success. By this time the 4 Seasons were signed to the Philips label, as coincidentally were the Walker Brothers. The fact that their version was a hit and not Frankie's caused some consternation within the Seasons' camp and allegations followed of dirty dealings by Philips in trying to suppress Frankie's version because it was financially more advantageous to Philips to have the Walkers succeed owing to their less onerous contract with the label as regards royalties.
But Frankie's solo career went on to produce some of the biggest successes for the Seasons organization with hits like "Can't Take My Eyes Off Of You",
"My Eyes Adored You" and "Grease". The story surrounding "My Eyes Adored You" is interesting. It was a track Frankie recorded when the group was at Motown but there was no belief or interest from the label in issuing it. When the group left Motown, Frankie bought the master back from them and gave it to Larry Uttal at Private Stock who put it out and it then went on to become the new label's first hit. The point was that Frankie believed in this song that much that he was prepared to buy it back from Motown with his own money.
There was another reason why Frankie started a solo career, which can best be summed up by this short anecdote. The group was touring in the UK in the 70's and they were at the BBC television studios recording a sequence for later transmission. Frankie was going through "I've Got You Under My Skin" and I was watching from the back of the studio floor standing next to their then road manager, a very nice guy called Pat Welsh who spoke with as broad a New York accent as you could ever wish to find. After a few seconds he became quite agitated as he realized he had forgotten to set up the chimes needed for that song, and started muttering, "Frankie will go mad". He calmed down after a while, accepting that there was nothing he could do about it at that moment, and a few minutes later, as if having reflected on the depth and meaning of life, he turned to me and said, "Duh, you know Frankie's a legit singer". It wasn't a question, it was a statement and one I have to say that irritated me not a little. I was running their fan club then and didn't need telling that. Gosh, next he was going to tell me Frankie was an American.
But, my personal vanities aside, the guy had a point. Nobody really knew Frankie could "sing" because of the nature of the Seasons' records. Sure they were vocally demanding and certainly required thought and input from the artist himself, but the requirements were different to the challenges facing him from a more emotionally difficult ballad or classic. Frankie wanted to show the world there was more to his abilities than the work done with the Seasons and a solo career gave him that opportunity
In a career lasting as long as Frankie's has, there have inevitably been low points. For reasons that have never been made precisely clear, but probably as a result of arguments with the then existing Seasons' line up, Frankie briefly disbanded the group in March of 1973 after an appearance at the Capitol Theatre in Passaic N.J.
In 1977 Frankie did indeed "go solo" but the Seasons as an entity were retained. The idea was to see whether the public could stomach a 4 Seasons without Frankie Valli fronting them. They wouldn't and there were some uncomfortable performances for Gerry Polci, Lee Shapiro, Don Ciccone, and John Paiva until the experiment was halted.
Frankie and Bob Gaudio have managed to reinvent themselves a number of times. No artist in the history of popular music has been able to maintain consistent success over a very long period and the Seasons were no exception, though they managed it for far longer a period than virtually anyone else. In different decades they were able to bounce back time and again with Bob Gaudio displaying an unnerving ability to accurately place his finger on the musical pulse of the nation at varying times. "Swearin' To God", "Who Loves You", and "December '63" were some of the records that brought either Frankie or the Seasons back into the limelight after periods of stagnation.� This success in turn caused further interest in their back catalogue as younger music buyers realized that there was more to this lot than what they were currently listening to. The Seasons have not been slow in keeping their old product before the public and although at times the handling of their early material seems chaotic to long time Seasons fans, there is no question that it has been successful in not only keeping the revenue rolling in but also in keeping their name before the record buying public as well. This in turn has led to consistent "sell out" notices at concerts.
And us long term fans are now sitting patiently waiting for the next "go-round" whilst nervously looking at our chronological watches and hoping there's still time before Frankie decides to finally call it a day.
From the perspective of a fan in the U.K., Frankie and Co. owe a great debt to the town of Wigan in northern England. For many years a National joke as a result of the meanderings and strange pronunciation of a particular T.V. rugby league sports commentator, coupled with the town's image as being the epitome of northern working class life, at least as identified by the chattering classes in the more "sophisticated" south, it was nevertheless the centre of a strange musical phenomenon. Disdaining the "clever" advancement in music in the late 60's and 70's, the Wigan Casino eschewed a policy of all-niters with the emphasis on dance and amphetamines. Whilst Motown was not neglected, the main focus was on New York and east coast '64 through to '68 and principally records that had bombed chart wise. Northern Soul, which is now a generic term, was born and many a record that missed first time round, only to be discovered by the deejays at The Casino, were given a second chance. As a result of frequent plays at the Casino, word spread and demand increased for a record that Frankie had cut back in '66 called "You're Ready Now". Not one of his best, it nevertheless completely encapsulated the spirit of Wigan and in the end, Philips UK were forced to re-issue it. It's ensuing success brought the Seasons back to the UK for the first time since 1963 and opened a whole new market for them, taking them into Europe and beyond. Actually, we UK fans owe a great debt to that town too.
The Seasons' business career is littered with mistakes and successes, like anyone else's. But surely the best decision they ever made was right from the start to hang on to their original masters when the opportunity presented itself after a lawsuit with Vee Jay. Since then, they have always owned their recordings and were way ahead of other artists in this matter. It was a decision that has brought them financial comfort in later years whilst many of their contemporaries have struggled.
Frankie has had more than his fair share of pain during his life. He has tragically lost two daughters and is on his third marriage. And that's just what we know about, there's probably a whole lot more distress that's happened to him that's never come out. As a na�ve 19 year old, I met him for the first time in 1971. I remember one long conversation with him in a recording studio in London, which made a deep impression on me. He was very friendly, helpful and polite and gave me much of his time. He wanted to talk. Yet there was something there I wasn't equipped to put my finger on, a sadness in his spirit. He laughed, he smiled, he joked, but there was a reserve. Years later, in a professional capacity, I frequently came across that same "feeling" when talking to other people and I came to recognize it as the tell tale signs of someone who has experienced true pain in their lives. Perhaps even trauma. His first wife, Mary Mandel, he divorced in 1971. He then married Mary Ann Hannigan in '74 and divorced her in '79. But one feels also that these days things are better for him. He appears very happy in his marriage to Randy whom he married in '86 and has a young family who give him an enormous amount of pleasure. And spiritually he seems at peace as well. It's nothing more or less than he deserves.
He's been through the mangler with his health as well. There have been voice problems but the area of biggest concern has been his hearing. In the latter part of the 60's he developed otosclerosis, an incurable ear disease caused by a build up of calcium deposits, which leads to deafness. Not the sort of thing you'd wish upon anyone but particularly not a singer. It got so bad that he couldn't hear himself on stage and it would be like singing in a vacuum. To be able to mount a professional show in that condition, and to carry it off time and again as he did, without any audience awareness, is a tribute to the professionalism of all concerned. Recording sessions weren't much better, with the volume on his headphones set to a level that would not have been tenable for someone with "normal" hearing. When the problem grew to a point where he knew something was wrong, accompanied by Bob Gaudio he toured the national rounds of hearing specialists, only to be turned away time and again and to be told, "Can't help". Eventually they found someone who was prepared to give it a go and after a series of delicate operations, his hearing was substantially restored. But it was a time of great depression for him and the level of distress this affliction caused him and the potential consequences of it for him personally and professionally is not something that should be either underestimated or understated.
To an outsider, there are contradictions in Frankie's attitude to his background. There is no question that he is immensely proud of his ethnic roots and his Italian heritage, no question whatsoever. In the past he has attended meetings for Americans of Italian Descent against Defamation. The Society tries to fight the automatic stereotypical assumption amongst many that if you have an Italian surname, you have connections with organized crime. Yet he has willingly allowed his name to be used in the Sopranos and has made "mob" type movies. One might argue that this perpetuates the stereotype. One might also argue that it is unrealistic to expect anyone to turn their back on their friends or indeed the very environment that they grew up in. Particularly when you come from an ethnic group that suffered bigotry and hostility, and with that, the ties, bonds, and friendships that formed as a result. A "ghetto" mentality is something frowned upon these days but back then, it really was a case of "Us" versus the "Rest" and nobody was handing out charity. You fought for what you got. And those are not memories or feelings one can walk away from later in life, no matter what success you may go on to achieve.
Critical acclaim is not something that has followed Frankie or the Seasons through their careers. Various theories have been espoused but perhaps now is not the right time to re-visit them. But in 1990 they were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Whoopee. A great honor but nevertheless overdue. They deserved better.
I accept that what I am about to write is subjective. But for me, Frankie Valli is the most talented and gifted popular singer ever to have achieved success. Yes, it is partially the obvious, that amazing vocal range, but it is also his range as an artist. Who else could tackle the breadth of material that Frankie has done over the years and not just do it justice, but take it on to a point that places it artistically beyond the reach of others to imitate? There is much talk these days of Frankie's legacy but for me the deed is already long done and the matter closed. He will never be equaled and he will never be bettered. EVER.
Stuart Miller
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The character Miss Froy goes missing on a train in which 1938 Hitchcock film? | The Lady Vanishes (1938) - IMDb
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17 January 2017 4:34 PM, UTC
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While traveling in continental Europe, a rich young playgirl realizes that an elderly lady seems to have disappeared from the train.
Director:
Alfred Hitchcock
Writers:
Ethel Lina White (based upon the story: "The Wheel Spins" by), Sidney Gilliat (screen play) (as Sidney Gilliatt) | 1 more credit »
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Title: The Lady Vanishes (1938)
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A man in London tries to help a counterespionage agent. But when the agent is killed and the man stands accused, he must go on the run to both save himself and also stop a spy ring which is trying to steal top secret information.
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A man and his wife receive a clue to an imminent assassination attempt, only to learn that their daughter has been kidnapped to keep them quiet.
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Storyline
Passengers on a scheduled train out of the mountainous European country of Mandrika are delayed by a day due to an avalanche, and thus get up close and personal with each other out of necessity in the only and what becomes an overcrowded inn in the area. Once the train departs, the one person who it is uncertain is on the train is a middle aged English governess named Miss Froy. Iris Henderson, who was vacationing in Mandrika with girlfriends before heading back to England to get married, is certain that Miss Froy was on the train as they were in the same compartment and they had tea together in the dining car, but all those people who can corroborate her story don't seem to want to do so. Iris' thoughts are easily dismissed as a possible concussion as Iris was hit over the head just before boarding the train. Iris will take anyone's help in finding Miss Froy, even that of an Englishman named Gilbert, a musicologist with whom she had a not so pleasant encounter at the inn the evening ... Written by Huggo
Did You Know?
Trivia
Leslie Gilliat shot screen tests, including that of Michael Redgrave (with and without moustache), and later remembered that when testing one actress for the role of Miss Froy, Alfred Hitchcock instructed him not to put any film in the camera, since he had already secretly and successfully negotiated for Dame May Whitty to play the part. See more »
Goofs
In the opening scene of the movie, the camera tracks downward in an aerial view over the side of a snow-covered mountain to show railroad tracks and the front of a train's locomotive buried by an avalanche, close to a train station in a small mountain village. As the camera passes over the train and four railroad officials standing to the left of it, one of the officials swivels to the left and then to the right, as if he were rotating on a pivot. As the camera moves closer to the ground, away from the train station and along a village street at ordinary eye level, it shows an automobile crossing the far end of a street; the string pulling the automobile along the street is plainly visible for an instant. Both this detail and the movement of the railroad official show that the entire opening scene was shot upon a scale-model miniature set. See more »
Quotes
| The Lady Vanishes |
Hibernia was the Roman name for which European country? | The Lady Vanishes – Alfred Hitchcock (1938) | Celluloid Wicker Man
The Lady Vanishes – Alfred Hitchcock (1938)
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When watching the first half an hour of The Lady Vanishes, it may perhaps be surprising that nothing whatsoever to do with a lady vanishing graces the screen. This however allows the film to throw many a surprise over the viewer in the typical Hitchcock manner.
The film opens in the disgruntled happenings of a hotel, somewhere around Switzerland. Instead of concentrating on the main characters that later establish themselves in the narrative, we’re instead thrust into the world of stiff upper lip British tourists Caldicott and Charter played superbly by Basil Radford and Naunton Wayne. They ooze British class and humour, keeping calm in even the direst of situations to come. At first their conversations appear to be about worry of the impending war yet a hijacked call to London soon reveals their worry is about the cricket. The fact that the person on the end of the line doesn’t even know about cricket leads them to believe he can’t really be British and this sets the tone for the sort of cosy humour that is interspaced between the dramatic scenes.
The narrative for proper starts on the train journey home when Iris Henderson (Margaret Lockwood) meets Miss Froy (Dame May Whitty). Having just been hit on the head by a stray plant pot, Miss Froy looks after her and takes her to tea in the dining carriage.
Upon waking up from a nap though, Iris finds that not only has Miss Froy disappeared, her fellow passengers and eye witnesses are denying that she even existed. Meeting up with Gilbert Redman (Michael Redgrave), a musician she had a fall out with in the hotel, they try to get to the bottom of this mystery disappearance. Like most Hitchcock, the film tells the viewer more then its characters creating suspense and intrigue at the same time; making us question why this is happening rather than how. It’s clear that something is a foot simply by looking at Iris’ fellow passengers who appear to be the most suspicious group of people imaginable. Gilbert’s comment that the train is “very cosmopolitan” perhaps speaks of the worry born of foreign national spies, which were ever present during the Second World War. This also adds to its role as a propaganda film with the only English character not wanting to help the situation in the end being the pacifist lawyer.
The tension here though is first caused by the fact that even the likable English characters are lying about seeing Miss Froy. Our loveable due that are Caldicott and Charter are worried that an inquiry as to the whereabouts of the missing passenger will delay the train and make them miss their beloved cricket match in Manchester.
With the truth revealed and the characters involved in the espionage coming to light, they steal the train after an ingenious attempt to save the now found Miss Froy. A stand off occurs with some marvellously British calm, which peaks in Charter not even blinking when he’s shocked to find he’s been shot in the hand. This however seems more comedic than serious though no doubt at the time must have seemed inspiring in the face of war.
The Lady Vanishes was Hitchcock’s penultimate British film before he left for the glamour and excitement of David O. Selznick’s studio. It’s sad that these typically British characters would be rarely found in his future films, though at the same time, The Lady Vanishes acts as a glorious Blitz Britain timepiece showcasing a time when the stiff upper lip could only be quivered by something really serious. In this case being the cancelling of the cricket which Charter and Caldicott discover upon arriving home. Rotten luck old chums.
Adam Scovell
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Devil’s Lair, Jacob’s Creek and Banrock Station are all wines from which country? | Red Wine - Devils Lair | First Choice Liquor
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Who shot former US President Ronald Reagan in March 1981? | Devils Lair Margaret River Chardonnay 750mL | First Choice Liquor
Devils Lair Margaret River Chardonnay 750mL
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Devils Lair Margaret River Chardonnay 750mL
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Having learnt plenty during his time at Penfolds, Oliver “Olly” Cradford has added his Midas touch to the Devil's Lair line-up, and the result: the estate Chardonnay has never looked better. Expect lots of intense grapefruit citrus on the nose coupled with some lees and mineral smells. In the mouth it hits broad, full, yet controlled with plenty of pure stone fruit, lovely texture, nicely knit oak and a long drying end. Drink it with Sunday roast chicken.
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VIC : WARNING : Under the Liquor Control Reform Act 1998 it is an offence to supply alcohol to a person under the age of 18 years [Penalty exceeds $18,000], for a person under the age of 18 years to purchase or receive liquor [Penalty exceeds $700] NSW : It is against the law to sell or supply alcohol to, or to obtain alcohol on behalf of, a person under the age of 18 years ACT : WARNING : Liquor ACT 2010: It is an offence to supply alcohol to a person under the age of 18 years. Penalties apply. WA : WARNING : Under the Liquor Control Act 1988 it is an offence to sell or supply liquor to a person under the age of 18 years on licensed or regulated premises; or for a person under the age of 18 years to purchase, or attempt to purchase, liquor on licensed or regulated premises. WA Licence No. 6020029967. Type of licence - Tavern licence. Name of licensee - Liquorland (Qld) Pty Ltd. Address - 1120-1124 Albany Highway, Bentley WA 6102. Telephone number - (08) 6254 6200. SA : WARNING : Liquor Licensing ACT 1997: Liquor must not be sold or supplied to persons under 18. Penalties Apply QLD : WARNING : Under the Liquor Act 1992, it is an offence to supply liquor to a person under the age of 18 years. Use of this website signifies your agreement with our Terms and Conditions and Privacy and Security Policy. Delivery and Handling charges apply to all products sold unless otherwise specified.
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In Greek mythology, who fell in love with and appeared in the form of a white bull to Europa and carried her off to Crete? | Europa, the Phoenician Princess
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Europa, the Phoenician Princess
Overwhelmed Zeus with Love
Europa was the beautiful daughter of the Phoenician king of Tyre, Agenor. Zeus, the King of the gods according to Greek mythology, saw Europa as she was gathering flowers by the sea and immediately fell in love with her.
Overwhelmed by love for Europa, Zeus transformed himself into the form of a magnificent white bull and appeared in the sea shore where Europa was playing with her maidens. The great bull walked gently over to where Europa stood and knelt at her feet. The appearance and movements of the bull were so gentle that Europa spread flowers about his neck and dared to climb upon his back overcoming her natural fear of the great animal.
But suddenly, the bull rushed over the sea abducting Europa. Only then the bull revealed its true identity and took Europa to the Mediterranean island of Crete. There, Zeus cast off the shape of the white bull, and back into his human form, made Europa his lover beneath a simple cypress tree. Europa became the first queen of Crete and had by Zeus three sons: King Minos of Crete, King Rhadamanthus of the Cyclades Islands, and, according to some legends, Prince Sarpedon of Lycia. She later married the king of Crete, who adopted her sons, and she was worshiped under the name of Hellotis in Crete, where the festival Hellotia was held in her honour. At last, Zeus reproduced the shape of the white bull, used by Zeus to seduce Europa, in the stars. Even today we can recognize its shape in the constellation Taurus.
The name Europa was given to one of Jupiter's 16 original moons. Europa is special, because it is one of the few moons in our solar system that may have liquid water.
Who was Europa?
Some say that the father of this Phoenician princess was Agenor, but others say that it was Phoenix, who some claim was her brother. Her mother is unknown.
Agenor was by birth an Egyptian, but he departed to Phoenicia and reigned there. According to some Agenor is the son of Poseidon & Libya, but others say that his parents were Belus & Anchinoe. King Belus of Egypt was son of Poseidon & Libya, and was also the father of Aegyptus and Danaus. His mother Libya was, in turn, daughter of Epaphus & Memphis, and King Epaphus of Egypt, from whom sprang the Libyans and the Ethiopians, was the founder of the city of Memphis in Egypt and the son of Zeus & Io, the girl who was once turned into a cow, but who is one of the Three Main Ancestors. If Phoenix would be considered to be the father of Europa, everything would amount to the same, because Phoenix, after whom Phoenicia is called, is said to be the son either of Agenor or of Belus, and we would, also in this way, arrive to Io. Nothing is known about Europa's presumptive mothers.
How Was She Abducted?
When Zeus turned himself into a Bull, mounted Europa on his back he conveyed her through the sea from Phoenicia to Crete. However, some say that the Bull who carried Europa was the same Cretan Bull that Heracles enjoined in one of his labours, which in turn could be the same Bull, that was sent by Poseidon to King Minos of Crete, and that later, consorting with the king's wife Pasiphae, became the progenitor of the Minotaur.
Europa's Brother Search for Her
When Europa disappeared on the back of the Bull, Agenor sent out his sons in search of her, ordering them not to return until they had found their sister.
Cilix, Europa's brother went out in his search and ended up in Cilicia in Asia Minor, a region called after him, where he became king after giving up the search.
Cadmus, another of Europa's brothers, went with his mother Telephassa to Thrace and stayed there for some time, before coming to Boeotia, where he founded the city of Cadmea, which was later called Thebes. For when Telephassa died Cadmus went to Delphi to inquire about Europa, and the Oracle told him not to worry about her sister, but instead, following a cow, found a city wherever the animal would lay down to rest. And the cow rested in the spot where today the city of Thebes is.
Another brother, Thasus, having sailed from Tyre in his search of Europa, gave up and settled in an island off Thrace and founded a city, Thasus, called after himself. Meanwhile, another brother, Phoenix set out for Africa, and remained there.
Europa's Family
After having children with Zeus, Europa married Asterius 3, son of Tectamus, son of Dorus, son of Hellen, son of Deucalion, the man who survived the Flood. Tectamus had sailed to Crete with Aeolians and Pelasgians, becoming on his arrival king of the island, and it is during the time when he was king of Crete that Zeus carried off Europa from Phoenicia. Tectamus' mother was daughter of Cretheus, son of Aeolus, brother of Dorus. Presents to Europa. Zeus gave Europa presents. One of them was a wonderful dog called Laelaps which was so swift that no beast could escape it. He also gave her Talos, a creature made of bronze, who was meant to be the warder of Crete.
Last Heard of Europa
When after some time Cadmus, now king of Cadmea (the future Thebes) married Harmonia, Europa gave her a Necklace which she had received it from Zeus. That was probably the last time someone heard of Europa, and her death was never reported.
DISCLAIMER: Opinions expressed in this site do not necessarily represent Phoenicia.org nor do they necessarily reflect those of the various authors, editors, and owner of this site. Consequently, parties mentioned or implied cannot be held liable or responsible for such opinions.
| Zeus |
Who wrote the ‘Twilight’ series of books? | Greece 2 euro 2011 [eur28295]
KM# 215
Details
Portrays a scene from a mosaic in Sparta (third century AD), showing Europa being abducted by Zeus, who has taken the form of a bull. In Greek mythology Europa was a beautiful Phoenician princess, daughter of Agenor and Telephassa. Zeus saw her gathering flowers and immediately fell in love with her. Zeus transformed himself into a white bull and carried Europa away to the island of Crete. He then revealed his true identity and Europa became the first queen of Crete. Europa has lent her name to the continent of Europe, which is called Europa in all Germanic languages (except English), and in all Slavic languages which use the Latin alphabet, as well as in Greek and Latin.
Specifications
Diameter - 25.75mm Thickness - 2.2mm Weight - 8.5gr
Composition
BiAlloy (Nk/Ng), ring Cupronickel (75% copper - 25% nickel clad on nickel core), center Nickel brass (75% copper - 20% zinc - 5% nickel)
Edge
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‘Donnerstag’ is German for which day of the week? | Learn About Months, Dates, Seasons, and Days in German
By Hyde Flippo
Updated August 01, 2016.
After studying this lesson, you'll be able to: (1) say the days and months in German, (2) express calendar dates, (3) talk about the seasons and (4) talk about dates and deadlines (Termine) in German.
Luckily, because they are based on Latin, the English and German words for the months are almost identical. The days in many cases are also similar because of a common Germanic heritage. Most of the days bear the names of Teutonic gods in both languages. For example, the Germanic god of war and thunder, Thor, lends his name to both English Thursday and German Donnerstag (thunder = Donner).
The German Days of the Week (Tage der Woche)
Let's start with the days of the week (Tage der Woche). Most of the days in German end in the word (der) Tag, just as the English days end in "day." The German week (and calendar) starts with Monday (Montag) rather than Sunday. Each day is shown with its common two-letter abbreviation.
Tage der Woche
"sun day"
The seven days of the week are masculine (der) since they usually end in -tag (der Tag). The two exceptions, Mittwoch and Sonnabend, are also masculine. Note that there are two words for Saturday. Samstag is used in most of Germany, in Austria, and in German Switzerland. Sonnabend ("Sunday eve") is used in eastern Germany and roughly north of the city of Münster in northern Germany. So, in Hamburg, Rostock, Leipzig or Berlin, it's Sonnabend; in Cologne, Frankfurt, Munich or Vienna "Saturday" is Samstag. Both words for "Saturday" are understood all over the German-speaking world, but you should try to use the one most common in the region you're in. Note the two-letter abbreviation for each of the days (Mo, Di, Mi, etc.). These are used on calendars, schedules and German/Swiss watches that indicate the day and date.
Using Prepositional Phrases With Days of the Week
To say "on Monday" or "on Friday" you use the prepositional phrase am Montag or am Freitag. (The word am is actually a contraction of an and dem, the dative form of der. More about that below.) Here are some commonly used phrases for the days of the week:
Day Phrases
der
EXAMPLES: am Dienstag (on Tuesday, dative), jeden Tag (every day, accusative)
NOTE: The masculine (der) and neuter (das) make the same changes (look the same) in the dative case. Adjectives or numbers used in the dative will have an -en ending: am sechsten April.
Now we want to apply the information in the chart above. When we use the prepositions an (on) and in (in) with days, months or dates, they take the dative case. Days and months are masculine, so we end up with a combination of an or in plus dem, which equals am or im. To say "in May" or "in November" you use the prepositional phrase im Mai or im November. However, some date expressions that do not use prepositions (jeden Dienstag, letzten Mittwoch) are in the accusative case.
The Months (Die Monate)
The months are all masculine gender (der). There are two words used for July. Juli (YOO-LEE) is the standard form, but German-speakers often say Julei (YOO-LYE) to avoid confusion with Juni- in much the same way that zwo is used for zwei.
The Four Seasons (Die vier Jahreszeiten)
The seasons are all masculine gender (except for das Frühjahr, another word for spring). The months for each season above are, of course, for the northern hemisphere where Germany and the other German-speaking countries lie.
When speaking of a season in general ("Autumn is my favorite season."), in German you almost always use the article: "Der Herbst ist meine Lieblingsjahreszeit." The adjectival forms shown below translate as "springlike, springy," "summerlike" or "autumnal, falllike" (sommerliche Temperaturen = "summerlike/summery temperatures"). In some cases, the noun form is used as a prefix, as in die Winterkleidung = "winter clothing" or die Sommermonate = "the summer months." The prepositional phrase im (in dem) is used for all the seasons when you want to say, for instance, "in (the) spring" (im Frühling). This is the same as for the months.
Die Jahreszeiten - The Seasons
im Winter - in the winter
Prepositional Phrases With Dates
To give a date, such as "on July 4th," you use am (as with the days) and the ordinal number (4th, 5th): am vierten Juli, usually written am 4. Juli. The period after the number represents the -ten ending on the number and is the same as the -th, -rd, or -nd ending used for English ordinal numbers.
Note that numbered dates in German (and in all of the European languages) are always written in the order of day, month, year - rather than month, day, year. For example, in German the date 1/6/01 would be written 6.1.01 (which is Epiphany or Three Kings, the 6th of January 2001). This is the logical order, moving from the smallest unit (the day) to the largest (the year). To review the ordinal numbers, see our German Numbers page. Here are some commonly used phrases for the months and calendar dates:
Calendar Date Phrases
| Thursday |
The International Olympic Committee is based in which European city? | etymology - Why is Wednesday called “Mittwoch”? - German Language Stack Exchange
Why is Wednesday called “Mittwoch”?
up vote 14 down vote favorite
1
I always wondered why Wednesday is called Mittwoch in German, while the middle day of the week is actually Thursday.
Wikipedia says “from Old High German mittawehha”, which means it is like that since before 1000 AD. Did a week start on Sunday back then (which sounds very strange since Sunday is the catholic seventh day)? Or did the people already have a workweek from Monday to Friday, to which this is referring?
8
In the US Sunday is still considered the first day of the week; this used to be the case in Europe, too. It also works for a 5-day work week. Apart from that, it is what it is -- languages are seldom logic. – Ingmar Dec 10 '14 at 15:33
Similarly English speakers sometimes refer to Wednesday as hump day. – Octopus Dec 10 '14 at 16:57
3
I can vaguely remember to church where the priest says "... feiern wir den ersten Tag der Woche als den Tag, an dem Christus von den Toten auferstanden ist" (...we celebrate the 1st day of the week as the day of Christ's resurrection). – glglgl Dec 11 '14 at 9:09
@Ingmar Not only in the USA. Wikipedia has a nice map on which day is the first in different countries: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven-day_week#mediaviewer/… There you can also see that some countries even start their week on Saturday. – Matthias Dec 11 '14 at 9:23
Der Sonntag [...] ist heute im deutschsprachigen Raum der siebte Wochentag, kulturhistorisch aber der erste.
Nowadays Sunday is the seventh weekday in the German language area. Historically it was the first.
Und damit hat der Mittwoch seinen Namen zurecht, denn er liegt in der Mitte der Woche.
Ergänzung: Das Unix-date-Kommando bietet zur Formatierung auch zwei Alternativen für die Tageszählung an: "%u Tag der Woche (1..7); 1 steht für Montag, %w Tag der Woche (0..6); 0 steht für Sonntag" (Zitat: date --help, Ubuntu). – user unknown Oct 28 '16 at 6:14
up vote 7 down vote
Ancient Jewish tradition placed Sunday as the first day, with Saturday being the day of rest in honor of God's post-creation rest. Europe inherited this numbering via Christianity, which moved the day of rest to Sunday, still the first day, in honor of Jesus' resurrection. The church sometimes also refers to Sunday figuratively as the eighth day, in anticipation of being outside of time in heaven. Europeans 1000 years ago had a workweek from Monday through Saturday, and had Sunday off if they were lucky, plus several assorted special days off throughout the year. The past century gave many of us a shorter workweek, and in parts of Europe a new first day of the week, Monday. In Europe the seven days of the week were originally named, in Greek or Germanic, after the seven planets visible to ancient and medieval astronomers, in order by day: Sun (1=Sunday=Sonntag), Moon (...), Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn. In German the "Wodan~Mercury" connection with the fourth day was replaced by the positional "mid-week" term "Mittwoch". I find it an interesting paradox that, as in the case above, sometimes in German a germanic root is lost, whereas in a derived language like English it is retained. Another example is English "window" (a germanic "wind-eye" or "Wind-Auge") versus German "Fenster" (ultimately from Latin).
up vote -2 down vote
The land-hungry powers of the West, both spiritual and temporal, sought to 'defuse' Germanic culture -by destroying its religious symbols wherever they could be found (e.g the destruction or subjugation of the 'Irminsul') and also in whatever form they appeared- in their conquest of tribal lands east of the Rhine. Woden was a powerful divinity of war, cultural inspiration and bravery in battle ('Wut' is a German word for 'rage' or berserk behaviour) and so this presence had to be expunged from tribal memory as part of the violent and bloody effort to render the tribes sufficiently docile in order that they finally accept Christianity. The neutral day-name 'Mittwoch' is an enduring scrap of evidence of the success of these powers in their bid to expand the area of European serfdom eastwards at the beginning of the ninth century of the Christian era.
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In 1918 which newspaper mogul became the first UK Minister of Information? | 10 Most Influential Media Moguls in History
10 Most Influential Media Moguls in History
Posted on July 20, 2011
Stumble58
Since the dawn of mass media, newspapers, radio and television have all been used to inform and educate the public. They have also been used to whip mobs into a frenzy, control the world of politics and consolidate their owners’ power. These media moguls all straddled the line between entertainment and politics, preaching to the public and wielding an immense influence over lawmakers and politicians.
10. Silvio Berlusconi
Silvio Berlusconi has cut out the middle-man between politics and the media by serving as Prime Minister of Italy while holding the majority of shares in Italy’s largest free-to-air private TV company — as well as owning the country’s largest publisher, largest advertising company and one of its most successful soccer teams, AC Milan. And he’s kept things in the family – his wife and brother each part own a nationwide daily newspaper. Often accused of using his media powers to deflect criticism, Berlusconi still manages to be mired in controversy and allegations of improper conduct – he has faced numerous accusations of corruption and bribery as well as a series of sexual scandals, culminating in claims that he paid a 17-year-old for sex.
9. Ted Turner
As founder of CNN, Ted Turner established the world’s first 24-hour cable news channel, which made history by covering the Challenger shuttle disaster and the Gulf War. He sourced programming for his cable super-station WTCG by developing a successful wrestling league (WCW), establishing the Goodwill Games and buying sport-teams such as the Atlanta Braves outright. He was once the largest private landowner in the US and has become well-known as a philanthropist, donating $1 billion to support UN causes and taking vocal stands on issues such as climate change, war and off-shore drilling. Meanwhile, as part of a long-running grudge with Rupert Murdoch he has repeatedly invited the News Corp tycoon to fistfights. To cap it all off, he created Captain Planet.
8. William Randolph Hearst
William Randolph Hearst’s empire began with his father’s paper, The San Francisco Examiner and stretched to include 30 newspapers at its peak; after expanding to magazines he created the largest magazine and newspaper business in the entire world. He dabbled in politics and was twice elected as a US Congressman, but his real influence was through his media empire. Indeed, the circulation war between Hearst and Pulitzer was instrumental in pushing the United States into the Spanish-American war on the back of sensational coverage of revolution in Cuba. The inventor of “yellow journalism” also inspired Citizen Kane, one of the most acclaimed films ever made.
7. Lord Beaverbrook
While serving as the UK’s Minister of Information during the First World War, Max Aitken added to his chain of newspapers by gaining control of the Daily Express. After the war he made the Express the largest selling paper in the world, developing a feared reputation as a man who could make or break any career. During the Second World War he served as a Minister and was a close friend and confidante of Prime Minister Winston Churchill.
6. Joseph Pulitzer
In the late 1870s Joseph Pulitzer bought the St Louis Post and the St Louis Dispatch merging them to form the St Louis Post Dispatch and the New York World. In the 1880s he expanded his holdings to include the New York World. He was an unceasing crusader against corruption and big business, exposing government scandals and was even indicted for libeling Theodore Roosevelt over allegations of payments to the French Panama Canal Company. Originally a Republican, he switched his allegiance to the Democratic Party, serving as a congressman for a time before leaving to concentrate on his newspapers. As well as leaving a grant for the creation of Columbia’s School of Journalism, Pulitzer is best remembered for founding the Pulitzer Prize, which bears his name, recognizing achievement in journalism.
5. James Gordon Bennett, Sr
James Gordon Bennet was anything but a quitter, trying to launch newspapers for years before hitting gold with the New York Herald in 1835, which he made the highest selling newspaper in America by 1866. He pioneered various staples of the genre, including the first newspaper interview, cash up-front payments from advertisers and the first exclusive from a sitting President. Bennet endorsed several presidential candidates including James Buchanan. Backing the Union in the Civil War, Bennet’s influence was central to the perception of Lincoln as a martyr after his assassination.
4. Frank Ernest Gannett
Frank Ernest Gannett started his media empire at the age of 30, when he purchased the Elmira Gazette in 1906. Over the next few years he expanded his holdings to include the Ithaca Journal, and various smaller papers that he combined, forming the Times-Union. By 1923 he had grown this small duchy into a nationwide multimedia empire. While initially neutral regarding FDR’s New Deal, he opposed the court-packing scheme and became a founding member of the National Committee to Uphold Constitutional Government, profoundly supporting the opposition. He was long active in state politics and unsuccessfully contested the Republican nomination for President in 1939. Today the Gannet Company has the largest total daily circulation of any US newspaper organization.
3. Henry Luce
Have you heard of Time, Life, Fortune or Sports Illustrated? By launching a series of magazines that targeted upscale Americans, Henry Luce managed to profoundly alter both journalism and the nation’s reading habits. Time informed on news, Life dominated visual perceptions in the pre-television era, Sports Illustrated opened up the strategies of key sportsmen and Fortune introduced new economic theories and practices. Quite simply, without Luce there would be no Time Man of the Year. And that is entirely apart from Luce’s properties in the worlds of radio and newsreels. As a lifelong Republican he was strongly anti-communist, using Time to support right-wing dictatorships and anti-communist groups – notably, China’s Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek graced the cover of Time on a number of separate occasions between 1927 and 1955. Luce’s 1941 Life article “The American Century” is credited with helping to shape US foreign policy of the 20th century.
2. Michael Bloomberg
Mayor of New York and 13th richest individual in the US, Michael Bloomberg owns 88% of media company Bloomberg L.P., and is worth an estimated $18.1 billion. The self-named company offers financial information services and financial news via its magazines, television network and radio station. While originally seen as a life-long Democrat he switched to the Republicans for his 2002 mayoral race before divesting himself of party trappings and running as an independent in 2009. He has often been the subject of speculation about presidential ambitions — but has yet to run for that office.
1. Rupert Murdoch
Rupert Murdoch started with one Australian newspaper before turning his News Corporation company into an international multimedia empire, reaching from tabloids in the UK to 20th Century Fox studios in the US. He owns the Wall Street Journal, and has investments in film, TV and the web. In many ways Fox News drives American political discourse, while his UK tabloids have broken stories on politicians and celebrities alike, giving him a commanding role in the political world with the power to make or break governments. The 40th birthday party of his daughter, Elisabeth Murdoch, chairman and CEO of the Shine group, was attended by Tony Blair, David Cameron, then the leader of the UK opposition and a string of newspaper editors – as well as Bono and Bob Geldof. The company has recently hit the rocks following allegations that one of his tabloids, the News of the World, was involved in the phone-tapping of murder victims, politicians and 9/11 victims, had established corrupt relationships with dozens of police officers and had been engaged in a huge cover-up over the details. Forbes ranked him as the world’s 13th most powerful person in 2010, and he is thought to be the 117th richest individual in the world.
| Max Aitken, 1st Baron Beaverbrook |
Which word represents the letter M in the NATO Phonetic Alphabet? | 10 Most Influential Media Moguls in History
10 Most Influential Media Moguls in History
Posted on July 20, 2011
Stumble58
Since the dawn of mass media, newspapers, radio and television have all been used to inform and educate the public. They have also been used to whip mobs into a frenzy, control the world of politics and consolidate their owners’ power. These media moguls all straddled the line between entertainment and politics, preaching to the public and wielding an immense influence over lawmakers and politicians.
10. Silvio Berlusconi
Silvio Berlusconi has cut out the middle-man between politics and the media by serving as Prime Minister of Italy while holding the majority of shares in Italy’s largest free-to-air private TV company — as well as owning the country’s largest publisher, largest advertising company and one of its most successful soccer teams, AC Milan. And he’s kept things in the family – his wife and brother each part own a nationwide daily newspaper. Often accused of using his media powers to deflect criticism, Berlusconi still manages to be mired in controversy and allegations of improper conduct – he has faced numerous accusations of corruption and bribery as well as a series of sexual scandals, culminating in claims that he paid a 17-year-old for sex.
9. Ted Turner
As founder of CNN, Ted Turner established the world’s first 24-hour cable news channel, which made history by covering the Challenger shuttle disaster and the Gulf War. He sourced programming for his cable super-station WTCG by developing a successful wrestling league (WCW), establishing the Goodwill Games and buying sport-teams such as the Atlanta Braves outright. He was once the largest private landowner in the US and has become well-known as a philanthropist, donating $1 billion to support UN causes and taking vocal stands on issues such as climate change, war and off-shore drilling. Meanwhile, as part of a long-running grudge with Rupert Murdoch he has repeatedly invited the News Corp tycoon to fistfights. To cap it all off, he created Captain Planet.
8. William Randolph Hearst
William Randolph Hearst’s empire began with his father’s paper, The San Francisco Examiner and stretched to include 30 newspapers at its peak; after expanding to magazines he created the largest magazine and newspaper business in the entire world. He dabbled in politics and was twice elected as a US Congressman, but his real influence was through his media empire. Indeed, the circulation war between Hearst and Pulitzer was instrumental in pushing the United States into the Spanish-American war on the back of sensational coverage of revolution in Cuba. The inventor of “yellow journalism” also inspired Citizen Kane, one of the most acclaimed films ever made.
7. Lord Beaverbrook
While serving as the UK’s Minister of Information during the First World War, Max Aitken added to his chain of newspapers by gaining control of the Daily Express. After the war he made the Express the largest selling paper in the world, developing a feared reputation as a man who could make or break any career. During the Second World War he served as a Minister and was a close friend and confidante of Prime Minister Winston Churchill.
6. Joseph Pulitzer
In the late 1870s Joseph Pulitzer bought the St Louis Post and the St Louis Dispatch merging them to form the St Louis Post Dispatch and the New York World. In the 1880s he expanded his holdings to include the New York World. He was an unceasing crusader against corruption and big business, exposing government scandals and was even indicted for libeling Theodore Roosevelt over allegations of payments to the French Panama Canal Company. Originally a Republican, he switched his allegiance to the Democratic Party, serving as a congressman for a time before leaving to concentrate on his newspapers. As well as leaving a grant for the creation of Columbia’s School of Journalism, Pulitzer is best remembered for founding the Pulitzer Prize, which bears his name, recognizing achievement in journalism.
5. James Gordon Bennett, Sr
James Gordon Bennet was anything but a quitter, trying to launch newspapers for years before hitting gold with the New York Herald in 1835, which he made the highest selling newspaper in America by 1866. He pioneered various staples of the genre, including the first newspaper interview, cash up-front payments from advertisers and the first exclusive from a sitting President. Bennet endorsed several presidential candidates including James Buchanan. Backing the Union in the Civil War, Bennet’s influence was central to the perception of Lincoln as a martyr after his assassination.
4. Frank Ernest Gannett
Frank Ernest Gannett started his media empire at the age of 30, when he purchased the Elmira Gazette in 1906. Over the next few years he expanded his holdings to include the Ithaca Journal, and various smaller papers that he combined, forming the Times-Union. By 1923 he had grown this small duchy into a nationwide multimedia empire. While initially neutral regarding FDR’s New Deal, he opposed the court-packing scheme and became a founding member of the National Committee to Uphold Constitutional Government, profoundly supporting the opposition. He was long active in state politics and unsuccessfully contested the Republican nomination for President in 1939. Today the Gannet Company has the largest total daily circulation of any US newspaper organization.
3. Henry Luce
Have you heard of Time, Life, Fortune or Sports Illustrated? By launching a series of magazines that targeted upscale Americans, Henry Luce managed to profoundly alter both journalism and the nation’s reading habits. Time informed on news, Life dominated visual perceptions in the pre-television era, Sports Illustrated opened up the strategies of key sportsmen and Fortune introduced new economic theories and practices. Quite simply, without Luce there would be no Time Man of the Year. And that is entirely apart from Luce’s properties in the worlds of radio and newsreels. As a lifelong Republican he was strongly anti-communist, using Time to support right-wing dictatorships and anti-communist groups – notably, China’s Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek graced the cover of Time on a number of separate occasions between 1927 and 1955. Luce’s 1941 Life article “The American Century” is credited with helping to shape US foreign policy of the 20th century.
2. Michael Bloomberg
Mayor of New York and 13th richest individual in the US, Michael Bloomberg owns 88% of media company Bloomberg L.P., and is worth an estimated $18.1 billion. The self-named company offers financial information services and financial news via its magazines, television network and radio station. While originally seen as a life-long Democrat he switched to the Republicans for his 2002 mayoral race before divesting himself of party trappings and running as an independent in 2009. He has often been the subject of speculation about presidential ambitions — but has yet to run for that office.
1. Rupert Murdoch
Rupert Murdoch started with one Australian newspaper before turning his News Corporation company into an international multimedia empire, reaching from tabloids in the UK to 20th Century Fox studios in the US. He owns the Wall Street Journal, and has investments in film, TV and the web. In many ways Fox News drives American political discourse, while his UK tabloids have broken stories on politicians and celebrities alike, giving him a commanding role in the political world with the power to make or break governments. The 40th birthday party of his daughter, Elisabeth Murdoch, chairman and CEO of the Shine group, was attended by Tony Blair, David Cameron, then the leader of the UK opposition and a string of newspaper editors – as well as Bono and Bob Geldof. The company has recently hit the rocks following allegations that one of his tabloids, the News of the World, was involved in the phone-tapping of murder victims, politicians and 9/11 victims, had established corrupt relationships with dozens of police officers and had been engaged in a huge cover-up over the details. Forbes ranked him as the world’s 13th most powerful person in 2010, and he is thought to be the 117th richest individual in the world.
| i don't know |
Xylography is the art of engraving on which natural substance? | Xylography_index_page
A European print and its original woodcut block
Click image to enlarge
European use of the woodcut as a means to produce old master prints began in the 15th century. One of the earliest such works is The Fire Madonna, which is in the Cathedral of Forli in Italy. Most of the earliest European woodcuts have religious themes. At the beginning of the 15th century there was an explosion in the sales of poorly made woodcuts, and there was a subsequent fall in standards. There was a lack of sophistication until the third quarter of the 16th century, when German and Italian artisans raised the level of the craft. Albrecht Durer was a master who brought the craft of xylography to its pinnacle at the end of the 15th Century.
Printing with moveable type began in the mid 15th century, and the combination of this printing technique with woodblock illustrations gave rise to the illustrated book. Millions of books were produced in Europe in the late 15th through late 17th centuries. There were likewise many thousands of original wooden blocks painstakingly created to produce the illustrations. Oftentimes, illustrations were �borrowed� from one book to another, either with or without permission. This is why the prints may look so similar in books by various authors.
Wooden printing blocks were designed by an artist/author and then carved by specialized artisans called �formschneiders.� This was done after a paper drawing was laid down on the block or if the illustration was drawn directly onto the block itself. Perhaps the height of the formschneider�s craft was seen in Germany, where carvers such as Hieronymus Andreae, Hans Lutzelburger, and Just de Negker became well known for their skill in carving the blocks. There were also specialists who were expert in producing blank blocks of the correct type and consistency for carving. (1)
Sadly, almost all of the original wooden blocks used to produce book illustrations in the 15th through 17th centuries have been lost. They were used until they could no longer produce a good image, and likely then cast into the fireplace. Sometimes they were re-carved to extend their life, but most commonly they were simply discarded at the end of a print run.
Amazingly, a large grouping of original early printing blocks were collected in the 19th century and kept together until recently. These blocks were in all genres: religion, art, history, and science. The Arbittier Museum of Medical History is very fortunate to have been able to acquire all of the medically related blocks in this important archive. These include ones showing anatomy, surgery, bloodletting, and other medical procedures. Many of the blocks are associated with specific editions of important early medical texts, such as those by Pare and Hundt. All of the blocks will be described on the site in the near future.
Examples of woodcut blocks actually used in 16th - 17th century medical books
| Wood |
Elizabeth, Jane, Mary, Lydia and Kitty are all characters in which novel by Jane Austen? | On engraving
On engraving
Bibliography
Engraving (engrave пїЅ from Middle French engraver, from en- + graver to grave, of Germanic origin; akin to Old English grafan to grave).
1) any image produced by engraving, i.e. image incised or scratched on a stone, wood block or metal plate;
2) a form of graphic art whose products are images created by printing from a matrix (plate) carrying an engraved design;
3) a printed impression (a print) on a paper (or similar material) made from a plate with an incised design.
Traditionally, the word engraving has long been applied also to lithography, a printing method where engraving (incising, scratching) is not used. There are three established varieties of engravings, depending on the treatment of the plate: relief prints (xylographs, linocuts), intaglio (engravings made from metal plates), and planographic prints (lithographs). Metal engraving comes in two categories пїЅ one involving plates treated with mechanical tools (burin engraving, dry-point, mezzotint), another, chemically treated plates, where a design is created with the use of acid (etching, soft ground etching, rosin etching, stippling). As a form of art, engraving is distinguished by its reproducibility пїЅ a single matrix can spawn numerous impressions.
Engraving has a long history. Even today children make simple prints when they produce impressions from raised images or apply paint to coins and press them against a paper. All engraving techniques originated in crafts пїЅ from the wooden blocks used in textile printing, toreutics and etching methods employed by jewellery makers, the techniques utilized to decorate guns. ItпїЅs only natural that engraving techniques peregrinated from the crafts to paper пїЅ people have always wanted to imitate a design, a picture, an ornament, a sign without alteration, keeping intact its precision and beauty. Engraving methods began to be employed when, first in China and later in Europe, people wanted to mass produce something пїЅ images of saints, other popular images, playing cards and books. Today engravings can be found in every household, in the form of mail stamps, banknotes, illustrations in certain old books, and books as such.
The oldest known examples of engraving пїЅ engravings on wood (xylographs) пїЅ originated in the 6th and 7th centuries in China and, later, Japan. And in Europe, the printing of engraved designs did not begin before the end of the 14th century, in southern Germany. The first engravings had the simplest, plainest design; some were painted by hand. The pieces featured scenes from the Bible and history of the church. For the masses, who were mostly illiterate, such images and sermons were the only source of knowledge about the Holy Writ; allegories, abecedaries and calendars probably started to be printed at about the same time. The first block books (xylographica), printed from carved blocks each featuring both image and text, came out approximately in 1430, and the first typeset book with woodcut illustrations was printed circa 1461. In essence, printed books at the time of Gutenberg were collections of engravings, because text therein was set with relief blocks and reproduced by pulling impressions from them.
The desire to create a coloured picture and to пїЅpaintпїЅ not only with lines but with colour spots as well, to пїЅmodelпїЅ light and dark and to vary the intensity of light and dark brought about the colour xylography technique called chiaroscuro, where a single print is made with several different blocks each featuring one of the prime colours. The technique was invented and patented by a Venetian Ugo da Carpi (circa 1455 пїЅ circa 1523). However, it was labour-consuming and rarely used, and was not to experience a revival before the close of the 19th century.
Thus, xylography is a printing method that enables making many impressions, until the пїЅoriginalпїЅ wears thin. And further innovations in the field of engraving were propelled by the desire to expand the replicating capacity, to make patterns more sophisticated, to reproduce minute details ever more faithfully. So, soon after the invention of xylography, in the late 15th century, the technique of burin engraving on metal plates (copper plates) gained acceptance пїЅ it allowed for a more nuanced drawing, enabled engravers to vary the width and depth of lines, to trace lightsome and fluid lineaments, to employ a variety of hatching techniques to produce better light and dark effects, to more faithfully convey the artistпїЅs vision пїЅ in fact, to produce a drawing of any degree of sophistication. The artists who distinguished themselves employing this technique were Germans, such as Albrecht D?rer and Martin Schongauer, and Italians, such as Antonio del Pollaiolo and Andrea Mantegna.
Whereas the xylographs created by D?rer at the close of the 15th century were sold by his wife directly from a cart in a market place, his most famous engravings, made 20 years later from metal plates incised with a burin (including by dry-point method), were acclaimed as masterpieces and highly esteemed. Thus, in the 16th century engraving started to be appreciated as a form of high art, similar to painting but employing the methods of graphic drawing with its technological ruses and peculiar beauty. The great masters of the 16th century elevated engraving from the level of mass consumption and made it a high art with a peculiar language and peculiar themes. The superlative engravings from this category include the works of Albrecht D?rer, Lucas van Leyden, Marcantonio Raimondi, Titian, Pieter Bruegel the Elder, Parmigianino, Albrecht Altdorfer, Urs Graf, Lucas Cranach the Elder, Hans Baldung Grien and many other prominent masters.
By the late 16th century burin engraving on metal was brought to perfection: plain patterns were replaced with ornate visual language and the most complex techniques of linear hatching and cross-hatching, which artists employed to achieve the original effects of chiaroscuro and to model volume. The widespread ambition to create complex light and dark effects and a more elaborate design drove engravers to experiment with chemical substances and finally promoted the birth of a new technique such as etching, which reached a high point in the 17th century. That period produced many fine masters of the craft, different in temperament, tastes, objectives and approach to techniques. Rembrandt, working on his engravings, used acid and hatching to convey the most complex chiaroscuro effects on different types of paper. Jacques Callot dedicated his entire life to etching, producing a whole universe of portraits, scenes, human types; Claude Lorrain replicated all of his paintings in etching, so that other artists could not pass off their works as his. He called his book of etchings пїЅLiber VeritatisпїЅ [пїЅBook of TruthпїЅ]. Peter Paul Rubens even set up a special workshop to produce engravings mimicking the design of his paintings, and Anthony van Dyck employed the etching needle to create a whole series of portraits of his contemporaries.
At that age etchings featured the most diverse genres, such as portrait, landscape, pastoral, battle scene, and depicted animals, flowers, fruits. In the 18th century almost every big master tried his hand at etching: Jean-Antoine Watteau, Fran?ois Boucher, Jean-Honor? Fragonard in France; Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, Giovanni Domenico Tiepolo, Canaletto, Francesco Guardi in Italy. The age saw the production of large series of engravings united by topic or subject; sometimes these series were published as separate books пїЅ the examples include William HogarthпїЅs satires and Daniel ChodowieckiпїЅs genre miniatures, Giambattista PiranesiпїЅs architectural views (vedute) and Francisco GoyaпїЅs aquatinted etchings.
The needs of the quickly progressing book printing industry to a large extent account for the remarkable advances in engraving techniques. And the love for fine art, which continuously demanded ever more faithful reproductions of celebrated paintings, spurred the development of reproduction engraving. The significance of engraving for society was comparable to that of photography. It was the demand for reproduction methods that brought about a large number of technological breakthroughs in the field of engraving in the late 18th century. That was the reason behind the emergence of the individual engraving techniques such as stippling (which involves the creation of a design by punching small dots with a special sharp instrument called piercer, with variations in tonal intensity achieved by varying the number of the dots), aquatint (literally, пїЅcoloured waterпїЅ: a pattern is created by applying acid to make the marks in the metal plate coated with a layer of powdered resin), rosin etching (a brush soaked in acid traces a design on the metal place, and during printing ink fills in the bitten areas), crayon manner (mimicks the rough and grainy strokes by a pencil). Perhaps the late 18th пїЅ early 19th centuries saw a re-discovery of the method of tonal engraving called mezzotint, invented yet in 1643.
The English engraver Thomas Bewick, who invented in the 1780s the method of tonal wood engraving, took the reproduction methods to a new level. Now artists no longer depended on the structure of the fibres in wood, as had been the case before, when they used blocks cut along the grain пїЅ now they could use blocks of hard wood cut against the grain and employ their tools to create more complex and sophisticated compositions.
The next пїЅrevolutionпїЅ happened in 1796, when Alois Senefelder invented lithography пїЅ a method of printing using a stone with a smooth surface. This method removed professional engravers from the process пїЅ now artists could apply the design on the surface of a stone themselves and make prints without engaging engravers. In the second quarter of the 19th century, lithography, gaining popularity, ushered in the era of mass produced printed illustrations пїЅ of all the industries, this had the biggest impact on book publishing. Engravings were used to illustrate fashion magazines, satirical periodicals, albums of artists and travellers, text-books and reference guides. Engraving techniques were applied everywhere пїЅ for the production of botany atlases, books about individual countries, пїЅbookletsпїЅ about landmarks of particular cities, landscapes, collections of poems and novels. And when the attitudes to art changed in the 19th century пїЅ when artists were no longer counted as craftsmen and illustration was no longer a maiden in service of painting пїЅ the art of engraving experienced a revival, engravings becoming art objects with distinctive artistic language and techniques. This trend was helped along by Romantic artists such as Eug?ne Delacroix and Th?odore G?ricault, French landscape masters such as Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, Jean-Fran?ois Millet, Charles-Fran?ois Daubigny, Impressionists such as Auguste Renoir, Edgar Degas and Camille Pissarro. A society of etching artists was established in 1866 in Paris, its members including ?douard Manet, Edgar Degas, James Abbott McNeill Whistler, Johan Barthold Jongkind. The society published single-artist collections of etchings. It was the first association of artists dedicated to engraving as a distinctive art form and the search for new means of expression within it. In 1871 a similar society was founded in St.Petersburg, with the members including Nikolay Ghe, Ivan Kramskoi and Ivan Shiskin.
Afterward, the evolution of engraving was essentially the search for the original language. By the 20th century engraving as a set of techniques and an art form seemed to have come a full circle: from simplicity it moved on to complexity, and achieving complexity, it reverted to a search for expressiveness in pithy strokes and concise symbols. And whereas for four centuries the art of engraving was shy of exposing its nuts and bolts, now it again became interested in the potential of the materials.
Illustration printing in the late 19th пїЅ early 20th reached a high point in Russian and Soviet school of engraving пїЅ a constellation of many talented artists and a variety of artistic innovations that reverberated across Europe, such as the St. Petersburg group of artists Mir iskusstva [пїЅWorld of ArtпїЅ], avant-garde movements of the early 20th century, experimentation with form by graphic artists close to Vladimir Favorsky, and the unofficial art of the 1960s-1980s.
Find print
| i don't know |
Darius Danesh (Campbell) became the youngest actor to play the role of Billy Flynn in which Broadway musical since it opened in 1975? | Darius Campbell - WOW.com
Darius Campbell
.com
Darius Campbell (born Darius Campbell-Danesh, 19 August 1980), also known professionally as Darius Danesh or Darius, is a Scottish singer-songwriter, a West End stage actor and an ambassador for The Prince's Trust .
He performed the role of Billy Flynn in the West End production of Chicago , the youngest actor ever to play that part, in two runs of the musical. He played the lead role of Sky Masterson in the Olivier Award , winning Guys and Dolls , and the originating role of Rhett Butler in Sir Trevor Nunn 's theatrical adaptation of Gone with the Wind .
In 2010 he trained with tenor Rolando Villazón , won the ITV competition Popstar to Operastar and performed a duet with Villazón on The Impossible Dream. The UK's biggest operatic production was the occasion of his operatic début, at The O2 arena with the Royal Philharmonic, in Carmen . At 29, he became the youngest performer to assume the lead role of Carmen's lover, a role more often awarded to a baritone in his forties. Also in 2010, he starred in The History of the Big Bands tour, a show which takes the audience on a musical journey through the Big Band and Swing era.
Contents
8 External links
Early life
Campbell was born in Glasgow , to an Iranian father, Booth Danesh, and a Scottish mother, Avril Campbell; his family live in Bearsden . [1] The eldest of three boys, his younger brothers are Aria (b. 1985) and Cyrus (b. 1995). He attended Bearsden Primary School [2] and the Glasgow Academy , [3] before going on to study English Literature and Philosophy at the University of Edinburgh .
His professional career began with a non-singing role of the Scottish Opera 's avant garde 1990s production of The Trojans . As a teenager he then performed at Covent Garden Royal Opera House with the Scottish Opera in a production of Carmen . [4] [5]
Career
2001-02: Popstars and Pop Idol
Campbell live in 2012
He first gained fame in 2001 after appearing on the British talent competition Popstars . A year later he was voted to the finals of the TV talent show, Pop Idol . He turned down Simon Cowell 's record deal, then signed with producer Steve Lillywhite .
2002-04: Colourblind and Dive In
The first single written by Campbell, Colourblind , was released on 29 July 2002 and entered the UK singles chart at number 1 , staying at the top of the charts for two weeks, it was certified silver.
His debut album, Dive In, was certified platinum in the UK in 2004, charting at number 6 in the UK albums chart during the competitive pre-Christmas sales. [6] He has subsequently had five UK Top Ten singles and a second gold album.
He wrote all 12 songs on the Dive In album and produced one of the tracks called Better Than That whilst collaborating with a number of other producers such as The Misfits and The Matrix on the other tracks. Steve Lillywhite was executive producer on the album. Campbell, then performing as Darius Danesh, supported Shakira on her world tour and went on to complete his own sell-out UK Dive In Tour .
The Dive In Tour took place in April and May 2003. The fifteen dates scheduled for May expanded to twenty three dates on public demand. [7]
2004-05: Sink or Swim book and Live Twice
His book Sink or Swim, about the perils of the music business, was a Sunday Times sixth best seller. He contributed to the War Child charity album [8] with Coldplay and Oasis and headlined in India with Alanis Morissette [9] after his album went platinum there.
After receiving news that his father was diagnosed with terminal cancer , he wrote and dedicated his second studio album Live Twice to Dr Booth Danesh. [6] In 2005, the album's title-track Live Twice became his fifth Top Ten single. [10]
2005-08: Chicago and Guys and Dolls
Campbell had two West End runs in Chicago [10] during 2005-2006, and at 25, became the youngest actor to fill the role of Billy Flynn since the show first opened on Broadway in 1975.
In 2007, after seeing Ewan McGregor in the role, he played the lead in Michael Grandage 's Olivier Award winning production of Guys and Dolls , starring as Sky Masterson. [11] Later that year he reprised his role of Billy Flynn for the 10th Anniversary charity performance of Chicago in London, to benefit the charities Breast Cancer Haven and Breast Health Institute. [12]
In 2008 he returned to London's West End to play Rhett Butler in Sir Trevor Nunn 's musical adaptation of Gone With The Wind . [13]
2010-2011: Popstar to Operastar
In January and February 2010 Campbell won the UK's ITV1 talent show Popstar to Operastar , in which eight pop stars were trained to perform famous opera arias. He was mentored by tenor Rolando Villazón , with whom he went on to duet with on the song "The Impossible Dream". In May 2010 he appeared as toreador Escamillo in Bizet 's opera Carmen at The O2 arena in London. [14] At 29, he became the youngest performer to assume the lead role of Carmen's lover, a role more often awarded to a baritone in his forties. Also in 2010 he starred in The History of the Big Bands tour [15] – a show about the Big Band and Swing Era , featuring the songs of Frank Sinatra and the music of the key musicians of the big band era, including music from Harry James , Benny Goodman , Tommy Dorsey , Duke Ellington , Glenn Miller , Count Basie , Woody Herman and Buddy Rich .
2013: From Here to Eternity the Musical
On 1 July 2013, it was announced that Campbell would play the lead role of Warden in the show From Here to Eternity the Musical . [16]
2015: Funny Girl
Darius is currently playing Nick Arnstein in Funny Girl (Musical) at the Savoy, following a transfer from the Menier Chocolate Factory in April 2016.
Other work
Television
In 2003 Campbell appeared as himself in an episode of the Channel 4 soap Hollyoaks , performing 'Girl in the Moon' at a graduation ball. In 2009 he guest-starred on the BBC show Hotel Babylon , starring as Gennaro Fazio, an Italian magazine editor. [17]
In January and February 2010 Campbell competed in and won the ITV talent show Popstar to Operastar , in which eight pop stars were trained to perform world-famous opera arias. He was mentored by world-leading tenor Rolando Villazón , with whom he went on to duet with on the song "The Impossible Dream".
Charity
Campbell is an Ambassador for The Prince's Trust , helping underprivileged youth. He has designed a guitar for Guitar Aid. [18] He works with and supports the Lymphoma Association and Cancer Research UK amongst other cancer charities.
Personal life
Campbell was married to Canadian actress Natasha Henstridge . Campbell and Henstridge married in a secret ceremony in February 2011. [19] The couple filed for divorce in July 2013. [20] [21]
Discography
| Chicago |
Otology is the study of which part of the body? | elphiexisxgreen - G ~ K
elphiexisxgreen
Gatsby: The Songs In Concert
9/30/11 ~ New York
Matt Cavenaugh, Max Von Essen, Jenny Powers, Autumn Hurlbert, Megan Sikora
Unsung Musicals Company presents the world premiere of the original score from Gatsby. Presented as part of the 2011 New York Musical Theatre Festival (NYMF). Songs only-no dialogue. Filmed between heads with spotlight washout, and some generational loss. Filmed from left so the 5th singer (on the right) isn't seen. DVD includes Wonderland B-Roll filmed on side of building so people walk by throughout B+
Gem of the Ocean
Phylcia Rashad, Ruben Santiago-Hudson, LisaGay Hamilton, Anthony Chisholm, John Earl Jelks, Eugene Lee, Raynor Scheine
Final performance of this show; great picture and sound A+
Gene Kelly: The Legacy
3/1/14 ~ Pasadena, CA
Patricia Ward Kelly
One quick blackout toward the beginning of the show that lasts about a minute, but the show is otherwise completely intact with no obstruction and no washout; clips occasionally go slightly skewed or off center, but are always watchable; good clear sound; filmed in 16:9 and alternates between close-ups of Patricia and widesnof the video screen. A
Gentlemen Prefer Blondes
Christina Wolfe, Lindsey Clayton, Nick Mannix, Dawn Timm, Gabriel Beck, Jean Liuzzi, Miki Berg
Crystal clear picture and sound. Beautiful DVD of rarely performed show A+
Gentlemen Prefer Blondes - Encores!
5/12/12 ~ New York
Megan Hilty, Rachel York, Aaron Lazar, Steven Boyer, Brennan Brown, Stephen R. Buntrock, Simon Jones, Deborah Rush, Sandra Shipley, Megan Sikora, Clarke Thorell
Filmed from the back of the balcony. Many heads appear in the frame to start, then when the filmer gets his bearings, the video improves greatly. There are a few times (mostly at the beginning) when the filmer replaces some poor video moments with still shots. These still shots are less than 2 or 3 minutes of the entire show. Great video A
A Gentleman's Guide to Love and Murder
11/3/13 ~ Broadway
Jefferson Mays, Bryce Pinkham, Jane Carr, Lisa O'Hare, Lauren Worsham, Joanna Glushak, Eddie Korbich, Jeff Kready, Jennifer Smith, Don Stephenson, Price Waldman, Catherine Walker Show
Act One shot between heads which at times obstruct the bottom of the stage and the far sides. Clear for Act Two so there's no obstruction there. A-
A Gentleman's Guide to Love and Murder
5/3/14 ~ Broadway
Jefferson Mays, Bryce Pinkham, Lisa O'Hare, Lauren Worsham, Jane Carr, Joanna Glushak, Eddie Korbich, Pamela Bob
Very well filmed with clear picture and excellent sound; nice video 2 DVDs A
George M
9/12/70 ~ Television Production
Joel Grey, Bernadette Peters, Red Buttons, Jack Cassidy, Blythe Danner, Nanette Fabray, Anita Gillette, Austin Pendleton
Directed by Martin Charnin. Great quality, some dropouts but fine overall. B
Georgy
2/26/90 ~ New York
Dilys Waiting, John Castle, Stephen Elliot, Melissa Hart A production of New York's Wing's Theatre Company.
Unfortunately, because the filmer sat so close, what is captured is mostly close-ups of the actors legs and feet, but after about an hour or so he moves the camera up a little and actually captures the actor's faces but it's still all filmed in close-ups. B-
Getting Away With Murder
March 1996 ~ Broadway
Christine Ebersole, Terrance Mann, John Rubenstein, Kandis Chappell, Al Espinoza, Frankie R. Faison
Stephen Sondheim's one and only PLAY, co-written with George Furth. A "comedy-thriller" which flopped on Broadway with just 17 official performances. Fuzzy-ish video, but still watchable. This is the only known video of the show. C+
Ghost, The Musical
2/13/10 ~ London, Workshop
Oliver Thompsett, Sharon D. Clark
A musical adaptation of the 1990 film which starred Patrick Swayze, Demi Moore, and Whoopi Goldberg with usic and lyrics by Dave Stewart (of the Eurhythmics); staged reading filmed with multiple cameras, with sound patched directly in from the soundboard. A
Ghost The Musical
8/12/11 ~ London
Caissie Levy, Richard Fleeshman, Sharon D. Clarke, Andrew Langtree
Nicely filmed from the balcony, but heads appear in the frame throughout, occasionally obstructing the action onstage. B+
Ghost The Musical
3/17/12 ~ Broadway
Richard Fleeshman, Caissie Levy, Moya Angela (u/s Oda Mae), Bryce Pinkham, Tyler McGee, Lance Roberts, Michael Balderrama
Beautiful capture and performances of this long awaited Broadway transfer. Well filmed and good clear picture and sound throughout; nice video; a pretty technical and imaginative production. 2 DVDs A
Ghost The Musical
7/28/12 ~ Broadway
Richard Fleeshman, Caissie Levy, Da'Vine Joy Randolph, Bryce Pinkham, Michael Bladerrama, Tyler McGee
Great HD capture of the show toward the end of the run; great dvd to compare the previous one from march with the changes that were made from the previews and the original Oda Mae; good clear picture
and sound 2 DVDs A-
Ghost The Musical
10/4/12 ~ London
Mark Evans (Sam Wheat), Siobhan Dillon (Molly Jensen), Sharon D. Clarke (Oda Mae Brown), Andrew Langtree (Carl Bruner), Ivan de Freitas (Willie Lopez), Craig Stein (Subway Ghost), Ashley Knight (Hospital Ghost), Lisa Davina Phillip (Clara), Jenny Fitzpatrick (Louise)
Nice copy, very well filmed. The start menu has Start and Chapters on it, but when pressed, nothing happens. You have to click on the Ghost option to play. A
Ghost: The Musical
2013 ~ UK Tour
Stewart Clarke, Rebecca Trehearn, Wendy Mae Brown, David Roberts, Ivan de Freitas, Stevie Hutchinson
High definition capture filmed on an odd angle with clear picture and nice sound; good video 2 DVDs
Ghost The Musical
1/12/14 ~ Chicago, IL
Steven Grant Douglas, Katie Postotnik, Carla R. Stewart, Robby Haltiwanger, Fernadndo Contreras
Beautiful HD capture with no obstructions. Very well filmed with clear picture and great sound 2 DVDs A
Ghost Brothers of Darkland County
10/26/13 ~ Rockford, IL
Emily Skinner, Bruce Greenwood, Peter Albrink, Travis Smith, Jake La Botz, Kylie Brown, Kate Ferber, Lucas Kavner, Eric Moore, Joe Tippett
Beautiful HD capture of the tour from 2013 with no obstructions. Very interesting story and concept by Stephen King and John Mellencamp. 2 DVDs A
Ghosts, The Musical
Quinn Allen, Carl Hedberg, Sam Wagner, Dale Busche, Megan Marcaurelle, Gigi Campbell
Filmed using multiple cameras. Crystal clear, nice video A
Gigi
2/27/11 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Lisa O'Hare, Matt Cavenaugh, William Atherton, Millicent Martin, Susan Denaker, Chryssie Whitehead, Jason Graae, Angela Ara Brown, Richard Bulda, Luke Lazzard, Jonathan Sharp, Leslie Stevens, Yvette Tucker
Very nice video of the production at Reprise in Los Angeles; show contains many of the revisions Lerner made to the original Broadway version during the 1985 London production; one black out during The Contract but it only lasts about a minute, and the rest of the show is intact with no obstruction and very little washout; excellent sound 2 DVDs A
Gigi
3/28/15 ~ Broadway
Vanessa Hudgens, Victoria Clark, Corey Cott, Dee Hoty, Howard McGillin, Steffanie Leigh. Beautiful HD capture with no obstructions of the Broadway transfer from DC. Vanessa is having so much fun on stage, which it fun to watch. Dee and Victoria never fail in bringing great characters and voices to the stage. Very enjoyable production! 2 Dvds
The Gin Game
1977 ~ Broadway
Hume Cronyn, Jessica Tandy
Filmed from a single camera on a tripod. Probably filmed to be used as Press Reel footage for promotional purposes. Full show. Considering its age-amazing quality. Some slight generational loss. A-
The Glass Menagerie
Katharine Hepburn, Sam Waterston, Joanna Miles, Michael Moriarty
Emmy winning production pro-shot and filmed for television; good quality A
The Glass Menagerie
3/18/05 ~ Broadway
Jessica Lange, Josh Lucas, Sarah Paulson, Christian Slater
Great video lots of close ups a bit of spotlight washout here and there but not bad at all. A+
The Glass Menagerie
9/19/10 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Judith Ivey, Patch Darragh, Keira Keeley, Ben McKenzie
No major blackouts, just one quick drop out in each act; some obstruction on the sides and bottom, but it doesn't block the action and it's much better in the second act; sound is a bit quiet and buzzy but you can hear everything 2 DVDs B+
Glee Live
5/25/10 ~ Rosemont, IL
Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Dianna Agron, Mark Salling, Amber Riley, Jenna Ushkowitz, Kevin McHale, Chris Colfer, Naya Rivera, Heather Morris
Full show from start to finish with some cover-ups throughout but good clear sound and picture A
Glee Live
Cory Monteith (Finn), Lea Michele (Rachel), Darren Criss (Blaine), Chris Colfer
(Kurt), Naya Rivera (Santana), Dianna Agron (Quinn), Mark Salling (Puck), Amber
Riley (Mercedes), Jenna Ushkowitz (Tina), Kevin McHale (Artie), Heather Morris(Brittany), Chord Overstreet (Sam), Ashley Fink (Lauren), Harry Shum Jr (Mike).
Some heads in the way a couple of times during the show.
Glee Live
6/3/11 ~ Rosemont, IL
Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Dianna Agron, Mark Salling, Amber Riley, Jenna Ushkowitz, Kevin McHale, Chris Colfer, Naya Rivera, Heather Morris, Chord Overstreet, Darren Criss, Ashley Fink
Awesome concert of the cast of Glee in concert performing many of their hits from the hit Tv show. This one is filmed close and from a side angle; there is about a 4 minute blackout near the end but not too bad A-
Glee Live
6/4/11 ~ Rosemont, IL
Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Dianna Agron, Mark Salling, Amber Riley, Jenna Ushkowitz, Kevin McHale, Chris Colfer, Naya Rivera, Heather Morris, Chord Overstreet, Darren Criss, Ashley Fink
Awesome concert of the cast of Glee in concert performing many of their hits from the hit Tv show. This one is captured from head on and further back, which gives the typical theatrical setting.
Amazing and such a great concert A
Glengarry Glen Ross
4/30/05 ~ Broadway
Liev Schreiber, Alan Alda, Jeffrey Tambor, Gordon Clapp, Tom Wopat, Frederick Weller, John Williamson, Jordan Lage
Amazing video; proshot quality with great sound A+
Glynis
1963 - CBS TV
Glynis Johns, Harvey Korman, Keith Andres, George Mathews.
"Glynis was a mystery writer, and her penchant for mysteries and her active imagination often got her into trouble, especially when she tried to help Keith with one of his cases (often without his knowledge). She was usually aided in this by Chick Rogers, the superintendent of their apartment building, who happened to be a retired police officer. Generally speaking, Glynis and Chick would discuss a recent crime in the news and be convinced they knew 'who done it'(and usually did), then they would run off to prove it. Glynis never wanted Keith to find out but he always did, and had to come to her rescue. This delightful comedy aired Wed. nights for only 4 months before it was cancelled. Produced by Desilu Studios and created and directed by Jess Oppenheimer whose most successful production, "I Love Lucy", centered around a female wanting to make it big in her husband's career. Unfortunately, lightning doesn't always strike twice. Glynis Johns plays Glynis, a novice mystery writer married to a criminal defense attorney. Glynis finds herself involved in murders by accident, and of course, comes out in the end a winner. Her husband is usually clueless, and instead of a female friend for Glynis, which would be too much of an obvious rip-off of "I Love Lucy’s premise, she has a retired policeman friend to rely on." Three episodes included: 3 Men In A Tub", "Ten Cents A Dance", and "Keep It Cool". In black and white, no commercials... the first two episodes are excellent quality, the third has a bit of generation loss. A real gem to see!
The Goat, or Who Is Sylvia?
2002 ~ Broadway
Excellent quality video with great picture and sound A
God of Carnage
Hope Davis, Jeff Daniels, James Gandolfini, Marcia Gay Harden
Filmed in 16:9 Widescreen; nice clear video with good sound and closeups; nice video A
God of Carnage
2/8/14 ~ La Mirada, CA
Hugo Armstrong, Jamison Jones, Amy Sloan, Maura Vincent
No blackouts and no washout and a slight obstruction across the bottom of the screen that never block the action; clear and steady video and excellent sound; Includes curtain call. A
God Said, Ha!
1999
Saturday Night Live alumna Julia Sweeney scores in a funny and moving one-woman show about a tumultuous year in her life. Her adored brother is diagnosed with cancer and takes up residence in her bedroom, and her parents move down from WashingtonComedy and tragedy comes (like her brother's chemo drip) in measured doses. Official DVD proshot, excellent sound and video. and into the guestroom -- forcing Sweeney to relive her childhood in a bizarre nuclear-family flashback.
Godspell on Camera Three
December 1971 ~ CBS-TV
Meg Bennett, Michael Forella, Bob Garrett, Randee Heller, Ryan Hillard, Joanne Jonas, Elizabeth Lathram, Dean Pitchford, Mark Planner, Howard L. Sponseller Jr.
Airing just 7 months after the show’s opening and featuring the first replacement cast, this episode was entitled “The Parables Of Godspell”, and features 30 minutes of scenes and songs from the show. Camera Three was a Sunday morning program devoted to the arts. It ran on CBS from January 22 1956 to January 21 1979, and moved to PBS in its final year to make way for the then new CBS News Sunday Morning. The PBS version ran from October 4 1979 to July 10 1980. Camera Three featured programs showcasing drama, ballet, art, music, anything involving fine arts. The DVD has been enhanced with chapter stops for easy access to any scene. Pristine quality. 30 minutes. A
Godspell Goes to Plimoth Plantation
1972 ~ PBS Television
PBS Thanksgiving special featuring members of the Boston Company of Godspell. Very rare. 30 minutes long A
Godspell
1997 ~ Dusseldorf, Germany
Bernie Blanks as Jesus.
A little generation loss. Occasional heads in frame but no real obstructions. Songs are in English, dialogue in German. B-
Godspell
2000 National Tour
Todd Buonoparte, Natalie Joy Johnson, Joseph J. Carney, Kevin Kirkwood, Jessica Carter, Lauren Lebowitz, Sharon Francis, Paige Pardy, Esteban Giron, Sal Sabella, Sarah Hubbard, Michael Yuen
Sharp, crisp video, missing the first few minutes and starts with "Lazarus" scene. Great taping with excellent color and sound.A
Godspell
Date Unknown ~ New Brunswick, NJ
Semi-pro shot video from the Plays in the Park theater company. Great production. Some generational loss and spotlight washout. B
Godspell
11/13/11 ~ Broadway
Hunter Parrish, Wallace Smith, Uzo Aduba, Nick Blaemire, Morgan James, Telly Leung, Lindsay Mendez, George Salazar, Anna Maria Perez de Tagle, Joaquina Kalukango (u/s Celisse)
Nice steady capture of this very small show. First five minutes are "wandering" and mostly dark while cast was in audience with cellphones for the Prologue. This is a great ensemble cast show. A-
Godspell
Eric Charters (Jesus), Dustin Jodway (Judas)
Pro shot, A
Going Hollywood
1983 ~ New York
Harry Groener, Christine Ebersole, Norman Snow, Mary Louise Wilson, George S. Irving, John Glover, Virginia Seidel
Presented at Westside Arts theater. One of at least two readings from that year with more readings scheduled for this coming year; some generational loss. Filmed using one camera on a tripod. B+
Going Out Of Business
3/11/13 ~ Palm Springs
Billed as Kaye Ballard's Farewell Show with appearances by Carol Channing, Peter Marshall, Shecky Green, Gavin MacLeod, Mimi Hines, and others
Golda's Balcony
2007 ~ Pro-Video
Valerie Harper
Written by William Gibson. In a one-woman show with archival films in the background, an almost unrecognizable Valerie Harper recreatesnthe role she took on tour. This is a taped version of the play, with no changes made to the script, but instead of performing on a stage, it is filmed in front of a green screen with video images. This video was released commercially and almost immediately it was pulled from distribution, and is now out of print. A
The Golden Apple
date unknown ~ Chicago, IL
Christine Janson, Ellie Quint, Culver Casson, James Bank, Scott Cheffer, Samuel Franke
The Light Opera Works and Pegasis Players production with full orchestra, full staging, full production based on William and Jean Eckerts design for the original. Professionally filmed with zooms, nice picture and sound throughout 2 DVDs A
The Golden Boy
Great performances and production, but all the Japanese actors are in blackface and afro wigs to represent the black characters. Very odd. In Japanese. Pro shot for video.
The Golden Boy
8/23/89 ~ Coconut Grove, FL
Lillias White,Andre deShields, Obo Babutunde, Lelianie Jones
House camera recording. Mostly full stage with occasional zooms but is a beautiful capture of the show. Clear picture and sound, no generation loss. Beautiful recording A
The Golden Boy - Encores!
3/22/02 ~ Broadway
Alfonso Ribeiro,William McNutley, Anastasia Barzeel, Norm Lewis
Filmed from the orchestra, with occasional heads at the bottom of the screen. Missing the very end of the show. B
The Gondoliers
3/7/08 ~ Southport, UK
Nick Donnolly,Andrew Gardner, Kelli Bond, Heather Lowe, Shaun Moran,Vicky Aindow, Ian Mackley, Caroline Grindley,Tom Mackley, Mark Cracknall, Sue Lee, Sergio Filipe, Steven Wright
Imaginative and creative production of this Gilbert and Sullivan piece, very talented cast, pro-shot filmed with mulitple cameras, excellent audio and video quality. A
Gone with the Wind
2008 ~ The Making of the London Musical
Broadcast in the UK, a Turner Classic Movies camera crew has been given exclusive access to shadow the production, following the process of the cast and crew, led by director Trevor Nunn
and stars Darius Danesh (Rhett Butler) and Jill Paice (Scarlett O'Hara), as they prepare to bring the show to the stage. Nunn, Danesh and Paice are amongst those who will be interviewed, alongside other members of the cast and crew, as they rehearse the production; there will also be behind-the-scenes footage of marketing campaign meetings and photo shoots. A
Good Doctor, The
1978
Jack O'Brien directed this 1978 televised production of Neil Simon's The Good Doctor. Adapted by Simon from a collection of stories by Russian author and playwright Anton Chekhov, the play features several characters all portrayed by the same six actors. The performers are Edward Asner, Bob Dishy, Gary Dontzig, Lee Grant, Marsha Mason, and Richard Chamberlain, who portrays Chekhov himself. ~ Matthew Tobey, Rovi
Good News
1993 ~ Music Theatre of Wichita, KS
Michael Gruber, Kim Huber, Linda Michele, Timothy W. Robu, Anne Morrison, Scott Schafer
Video includes a Broadway Beat CD recording and a local news story on the show; nice video with good picture and sound B+
Good People
2/8/11 ~ Broadway
Frances McDormand, Tate Donovan, Estelle Parsons, Renee Elise Goldsberry, Becky Ann Baker, Patrick Carroll
Good clear video with nice picture and sound; disc also includes around a half hour of reviews and interviews. A
Good Vibrations
4/24/05 ~ Broadway
David Larsen, Kate Reinders, Tituss Burgess, Brandon Wardell, Jessica-Snow Wilson, Milena Govich
Some spotlight washout in full shots but not bad; cover ups at the end of songs and an exposure adjustment; last show A
The Goodbye Girl
1993 ~ London
Ann Crumb. Gary Wilmot
Full stage shot with some generation loss and spotlight washout and head in the way sometimes. B
The Goodbye Girl
1993 ~ Broadway
Highlights starring Bernadette Peters and Martin Short in Neil Simon's classic with music by Marvin Hamlisch. Colorful. A must for Bernadette fans! Great performance shots. Plus, a special about the show's opening night. Interviews with Carol Channing, Gwen Verdon, Neil Simon, Marvin Hamlisch and others. A-
The Goodbye Girl
October 1997 ~ Walnut Street Theatre
Donna McKechnie, Tony Freeman, Alyse Wojciechowski, William Ryall, Barbara D Mills Gardner, Mark Zimmerman, Juliet Lambert, Wade Williams, Robert Jensen
Some spotlight washout and minor generation loss; good sound; decent video B
The Goodbye Girl
1998 ~ 1st National Tour
Eddie Mekka, Connie SaLoutos, Amanda Crocker
Filmed during the show's first US tour. The first 20 minutes are recorded through the house camera, then it switches to being filmed from a tripod with zooms and close ups. Some generational loss, nice video B
The Gorey Details,A Musicale
2000 ~ Off-Broadway
Kevin McDermott, Alison Crowley, Allison DeSalvo, Matt Kuehl, Daniel Levine, Christopher Youngsman.
Written and designed by Edward Gorey, with music by Peter Matz. RARE! Well filmed but some spotlight washout. B+
The Gospel at Colonus
1987 ~ Philadelphia, PA
Morgan Freeman, Sam Butler JR, Kevin Davis, Robert Earl Jones, Isabell Monk, J. D. Steele
Pro shot for video. This was filmed on the road in Philadelphia during it's pre-Broadway tour at the American Music Theater Festival. Once the show got to new York-it only enjoyed 61 official
performances. Very nice video A
Gotta Getaway! A Magical Musical Voyage
7/10/84 ~ New York
Liliane Montevecchi, Tony Azito, Loretta Devine, Alyson Reed, The Rockettes
Presented at Radio City Music Hall. Well filmed, and not too bad considering it's age. Some spotlight washout, and color fading. The disc also includes a TV commercial for the show. A-
Grace
Paul Rudd, Michael Shannon, Kate Arrington, Ed Asner
Well filmed with good picture and sound; good video A
The Graduate
Kathleen Turner, Jason Biggs, Alicia Silverstone
Excellent quality video; nice closeups and zooms A
Grand Hotel
Camcorder video, major generation loss C
Grand Hotel
June 1991 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Brent Barrett, DeLee Lively, Liliane Montevecchi, Mark Baker
Recorded at the Pantages Theatre from the balcony. Well filmed, but some generational loss. B
Grand Hotel
1/9/92 ~ Broadway
Cyd Charisse, Greg Zerkle, Chip Zien, Lynette Perry, Caitlin Brown
One steady shot from the orchestra with some head obstruction. Good sound but spotlight washout B
Grand Hotel
8/20/92 ~ London
Brent Barret, Lilianne Montevecchi, Jane Krakowski, Karen Akers
Cam shot, Decent zooms and color, good audio. Well filmed. A little grainy, but not bad beyond that. The audio is good overall, good video. Nice color. B+
Grand Hotel
1995 ~ Australia
Recorded from the House Camera, so it's a stationary full stage shot. A nice capture of this production.A
Grand Hotel
2/23/11 ~ Munich
Elisaweta Gruschinskaja - April Hailer , Otto Kringelein - Gunter Sonneson, Flämmchen - Milica Jovanovic, Baron Felix von Gaigern - Lucius Wolter, Generaldirektor Preysing - Hardy Rudolz, Raffaela Ottanio - Marianne Larsen, Oberst Dr. Otternschlag - Dirk Lohr, Sandor / Zinnowitz - Hansjörg Hack, Rohna, Empfangschef / Chauffeur - Thomas Peters, Erik, Portier - Mario Podrecnik, Jimmy 1 - Tom Schimon, Jimmy 2 - Vladimir Maxim Korneev.
Great capture of this show from the right
A Grand Night For Singing
1993 ~ Broadway
Victoria Clark, Jason Grage, Alyson Reed, Martin Vidnovic, Lynne Wintersteller
Broadway flop with only 52 performances. A revue of Rogers and Hammerstein's songs; nicely filmed with good closeups and sound throughout A
The Grapes of Wrath
1991 ~ Broadway
Gary Sinese, Robert Breuler, Ron Crawford, Mark Deakins, Francis Guinan, Terry Kinney, Sally Murphy, James Noah, Jeff Perry, Christopher M. Russo, Lois Smith, Rick Snyder, Alan Wilder
Pro-shot for PBS; good video A
The Grass Harp
Date Unknown ~ CBC Television
Margaret Whiting and Carol Brice
Good copy of the Camera Three production which was severely abridged but about as close as we'll ever have to a document of the entire musical. Includes some background on the show and lots of dialogue as well. In color, but there is some static at times which can be minimally distracting. A
Grease
Great picture and sound. Just a little generation loss. B+
Grease
1996 ~ London, Revival
Linzi Hately, Richard Calkin, Samantha Janus, Ben Richards,Adam Garcia, Steven Serlin, Glenn Carter
Very nicely filmed, but tracking "scar" across top of picture and some generational loss. Also missing is a scene at Marty's house and Greased Lightning. C
Grease
January 2005 ~ Pittsburgh, PA
Christian Delcroix, Emily Lynn Miller, Nina Petrucci
A production of Pittsburgh Music Theatre at the Bhyam. Includes pre-show banter with the audience by Miss Lynch. Semi-pro shot, using one camera on a tripod. A
Grease
7/28/07 ~ Broadway Revival
Max Crumm, Laura Osnes, Mathew Saldivar, Jose Restrepo, Ryan Patrick Binder, Daniel Everidge, Lindsey Mendez, Robyn Hurder, Jenny Powers, Kristen Watt, Alison Fischer, Jamison Scott, Susan Blommaert, Jeb Brown, Stephen R Buntrock, Natalie Hill.
Broadway Preview! Includes Curtain Call.
Grease
1/4/09 ~ Broadway
Derek Keeling, Ashley Spencer,Ace Young, Xavier Cano,Todd Buonopane, Ryan Patrick Binder, Janine DiVita, Helene Yorke, Lindsay Mendez, Kirsten Wyatt, Allison Fischer, Jamison Scott, Susan Blommaert, Mike McGowan, Natalie Hill, Stephen R. Buntrock
Nice capture of the final show on Broadway, featuring "You're the One that I Want" contestants Derek Keeling and Ashley Spencer, American Idol's Ace Young, and Helene Yorke in her pre-Glinda days; a few blackouts, but most of them are very short.The longest one is during the scene in Marty's bedroom,
and it lasts about 2 minutes, but the video starts again before Freddy, My Love.The first couple minutes of each act are also blacked out, as is the very last minute of act two; a couple of heads in the way, which get annoying at times, but taper tried to work around them; very slight washout, good sound with closeups and wide shots 2 DVDs A
Grease
5/6/09 ~ Orange County, CA
Eric Schneider, Emily Padgett, David Ruffin, Nick Verina,Will Blum, Brian Crum, Allie Schulz, Kelly Felthous, Bridie Carroll, Kate Morgan Chadwick, Erin Henry, Scot Patrick Allan, Roxie Lucas, Dominic Fortuna, Dayla Perkins, Taylor Hicks
Fairly steady video with very little washout and blackouts; wanders a little here and there, but nothing too terrible. Filmed with mostly wides and mediums, but a few close-ups throughout; clear sound; includes curtain call and Taylor Hicks' encore performance of Seven Mile Breakdown. 2 DVDs A
Grease
February 2010 ~ London
Noel Sullivan, Siobhan Dillon, Toby Anstis, Matthew Goodgame, Victoria Hamilton-Barritt, Lucas Rush, Fay Brookes
Nice capture with a good mix of wides, mediums and close-ups of a very enjoyable production; a bit of obstruction from the railing during the wide shots but it never obstructs the action on stage. Clear sound A
Grease
12/18/10 ~ Dusseldorf
Lars Redlich, Sanne Buskermolen, Riccardo Greco, Selvi Rothe, Tino Honegge, Karen Selig, Omri Schein, Annette Potempa, Michael Heller,
Ilka Wolf, Brady van Vaerenbergh, Jasmin Mauter, Yara Hassan, John Davies, Suzana Novosel, Isabel Dan, Kym Boyson, Lauren Strigari, Brian Bishop, Christopher Bolam, Aaron LeBlanc, Christoph Jonas
2 DVDs
Grease
2011 ~ U.K. tour
Danny Bayne, Carina Gillsepie, Robin Cousins, Kate Somerset How, Ricky Rojas, Jason Capewell Starring the winner of ITV "Grease Is the Word", A+
The Great American Trailer Park Musical
12/2/05 ~ New York
Marya Grandy, Linda Hart, Shuler Hensley, Kaitlin Hopkins, Leslie Kritzer, Orfeh, Wayne Wilcox.
Matinee performance. Video was filmed from the orchestra section of the theatre, so there are heads at the bottom of the picture, but the filmer does his best to shoot around them. Occasionally blurry. Some nice close ups. Missing the very last minute up the show. B+
The Great American Trailer Park Musical
12/4/05 ~ New York
Orfeh, Shuler Hensley, Linda Hart, Kaitlin Hopkins, Leslie Kritzer, Wayne Wilcox, Marya Grandy
Final performance; some spotlight washout and missed camera shots but nice zooms and sound throughout A-
Great Expectations,The Musical
1995 ~ New York
A staged reading of a musical version of Dicken's classic.A presentation of The Amas Six O'clock Musical Theatre Lab at the Amas Musical Theatre in New York. A
Great Expectations
3/21/13 ~ London
Jack Ellis, Christopher Ellison, Paula Wilcox, Paul Nivison Presented live from the Vaudeville Theatre in the West End.
Video includes red carpet arrivals from the February 7 premiere and behind the scenes footage exclusively for cinema audiences. A
Great Joy! A Holiday Celebration from Broadway
12/15/03 ~ New York
Craig Bierko, Liz Callaway, Stephanie D'Abruzzo, Raul Esparza, Tovah Feldshuh, Heathey Headley, Richard Kind, Eartha Kitt, Marc Kudisch, Ricki Lake, Nathan Lane, Norm Lewis, Patti LuPone, Lypsinka, Donna McKechnie, Stephanie Mills, Alfred Molina, Brad Oscar, Rosie Perez, Alice Ripley, Sherie Rene Scott, Marisa Tomei, Stanley Tucci, Daphne Rubin-Vega, Mary Tyler Moore
Actor's Fund concert in association with Sh-K-Boom Records; pro-shot video A+
The Great Sebastians
4/1/57 ~ Producers Showcase / NBC Television
Alfred Lunt, Lynn Fontanne, Akim Tamiroff, Lisa Ferraday, Simon Oakland, Arny Freeman, Stefan Schnabel, Eugenia Rawls
Black and white; good quality picture and sound for its time; the only time, with the exception of the movie "The Guardsman in 1930, you would be able to see the Lunts acting together. Good video A-
Greater Tuna
1983 ~ Kennedy Center, Washington D.C.
Semi pro-shot from house cam, featuring original performers (and co-creators) Jaston Williams and Joe Sears.
Greater Tuna
1985 ~ Ft. Worth, TX (commercially-released production)
Starring original performers (and co-creators), Jaston Williams and Joe Sears, and pro-shot before a live audience at the Will Rogers Memorial Auditorium in Ft. Worth, TX. Note: this is NOT the rare, copyright-infringing 1984 HBO Broadcast (produced by Norman Lear). This is from a commercially-released taping of the show, produced the following year.
The Green Bird
6/3/00 ~ Broadway
Didi Conn, Ned Eisenberg, Edward Hibbert, Lee Lewis, Katie MacNichol, Kristine Nielsen, Sebastian Roché, Derek Smith, Bruce Turk, Andrew Weem
Good balance of wide angle shots with some really nice close-ups. Took some getting used too; slight shuffling halfway through act I, when the actors are not only onstage but also in the left and right boxes with nice close-ups. B+
Greenwillow
7/18/97 ~ Sarasota, FL
Andrew Driscoll, Maxine Wood, Walter Willison, Marianne Carson Rhodes
Music, lyrics and book by Frank Loesser. Presented by the Golden Apple Dinner Theatre. Filmed using one camera on a tripod. Some slight generational loss. Missing the last few minutes of the show. A-
Greetings From Yorkville
Filmed using one camera on a tripod. Good video A
Grey Gardens
Grey Gardens
3/18/06 ~ New York
Christine Ebersole, Matt Cavanaugh, Sara Gettelfinger, Sarah Hyland, John McMartin, Michael Potts, Bob Stillman, Audrey Twitchell, Mary Louise Wilson
Excellent video with great closeups and nice sound throughout; includes reviews and stories from NY1 A
Grey Gardens
4/9/06 ~ New York
Christine Ebersole, Matt Cavanaugh, Sara Gettelfinger, Sarah Hyland, John McMartin, Michael Potts, Bob Stillman,Audrey Twitchell, Mary Louise Wilson
Great picture and video with good closeups and nice sound throughout although first couple of minutes of Act 2 are audio only but rest is complete A
Grey Gardens
4/30/06 ~ New York
Christine Ebersole, Matt Cavenaugh, Sara Gettelfinger, Sarah Hyland, John McMartin, Michael Potts, Bob Stillman, Audrey Twitchell, Mary Louise Wilson
Excellent video, nicely filmed with great closeups and sound throughout; amazing quality. A+
Grey Gardens
Act One 11/3/06 and Act Two 11/17/06 ~ Broadway
Christine Ebersole, Mary-Louise Wilson, Erin Davie, John McMartin, Bob Stillman
Beautiful video. Shot from balcony. Excellent picture and sound. First video of the Broadway production A-
Grey Gardens
12/6/06 ~ Broadway
Christine Ebersole, Mary Louise Wilson, John McMartin, Bob Stillman, Matt Cavenaugh, Michael Potts, Erin Davie, Sarah Hyland, Kelsey Fowler
Good sound and great close ups make for a very good video; includes interviews and reviews from NY1 A+
Grey Gardens
6/12/07 ~ Broadway
Christine Ebersole, Mary-Louise Wilson, Erin Davis, John McMartin, Matt Cavenaugh
First performance after the Tony Awards; filmed from the left orchestra level with the stage so there are heads sometimes; there are some nice closeups A-
Grey Gardens
7/17/07 ~ Broadway
Maureen Moore (alt), Dale Soules (alt), John McMartin, Matt Cavenaugh, Erin Davie, Michael Potts, Abigail Ferenczy (u/s Jackie Bouvier), Kelsey Fowler, Bob Stillman
Shot from the balcony, so rather high but with absolutely no obstructions or heads. Act 2 looks darn near perfect, but unfortunately Act 1 had tape issues so the colors switch between normal and some weird green/purple concoction; still very watchable and very very nice 2 DVDs A
Grind
Ben Vereen, Lee Wallace, Stubby Kaye, Joey Faye, Marion Ramsey, Leilani Jones,Timothy Nolen
Some good closeups but generation loss; surprising good for its age B
Groucho: Gabe Kaplan is Groucho
1982 ~ HBO Films
Professionally filmed for HBO, nice video A
Guys and Dolls On The Record
1992 ~ Broadway
Nathan Lane, Peter Gallagher, Josie DeGuzman, Faith Prince
Documentary style, recording of the cast album.
Guys and Dolls
Nathan Lane, Peter Gallagher, Josie DeGuzman, Faith Prince
Washed out, but nice sound. Complete show. C+
Guys And Dolls
2/94 ~ Fort Lauderdale, FL, Tour
Lorna Luft, David Garrison, Richard Muenz, Patricia Ben Peterson, Kevin Ligon, Al DeCristo, James Dybas
This was probably filmed from the lighting booth with the permission of the producers for the cast and crew. Very nicely filmed, and surprisingly good for being more than 20 years old, although some slight generational loss. Fort Lauderdale was the end of the run for Lorna Luft and David Garrison, who toured with the show for two years and 717 performances. They were replaced, and the tour continued for another two years internationally. A- 2 DVDs
Guys And Dolls
1996 ~ Music Theatre Of Wichita, KS
Stephanie J. Block, Stephen Zinnato, Charles Parker
Semi-pro shot using one camera on a tripod. Slight buzzing sound occasionally throughout video-but nothing too bad. Also includes some press reels footage and interviews. A-
Guys And Dolls
July 2005 ~ Long Beach, CA
Patrick De Santis, Bets Malone, Kevin Early, Dynell Leigh, John Massey, Robert Marra, Tami Tappan Damiano, Nils Anderson, Dan Conroy
A production of Musical Theatre West, filmed using one camera on a tripod. Nice video A
Guys and Dolls
11/1/06 ~ West End, London
Patrick Swayze, Samantha Janus, Norman Bowman, Vivien Carter (u/s Sarah), Dominic Watson as (u/s Nicely Nicely), Denise Pitter as (u/s General Cartwright), Nick Cavalier
Good cast; great video with nice picture and sound; excellent video A
Guys And Dolls
2/21/09 ~ Broadway
Oliver Platt, Lauren Graham, Craig Bierko, Kate Jennings Grant, Titus Burgess, Steve Rosen, Mary Testa
Great capture of this fun revival and the best capture of this revival out there. Good picture and clear sound A
Guys And Dolls
3/7/09 ~ Broadway
Oliver Platt, Lauren Graham, Craig Bierko, Kate Jennings Grant, Titus Burgess, Glenn Fleshler, Adam LeFevre, Jim Ortlieb, Steve Rosen, Mary Testa
Quite a few blackouts; most of them are short, except for a long 7 minute one toward the beginning of act one as well as a bit of obstruction, especially on the right side, but taper worked around it as bestas possible; more spotlight washout due to bright lights; good clear sound and some nice closeups; includes complete curtain call 2 DVDs B
Guys and Dolls
3/10/09 ~ Broadway
Oliver Platt, Lauren Graham, Craig Bierko, Kate Jennings Grant, Titus Burgess, Glenn Fleshler, Adam LeFevre, Jim Ortlieb, Steve Rosen, Mary Testa
Video is a nice mix of closeups and full stage shots to see the set and dances; some blackouts, due to ushers seating people who came late; nice capture of this production. Also as a bonus the video also has "Bushel and a Peck" the scene between Nathan and Adelaide and "Adelaide's Lament" from the 2.14.09 Preview Performance also filmed by the taper A-
Guys And Dolls: Hollywood Bowl Concert
7/31/09 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Scott Bakula, Ellen Greene, Brian Stokes Mitchell, Jessica Biel, Ken Page, Beau Bridges, Ruth Williamson, Jason Graae, Herschel Sparber
No blackouts, and only a few seconds of obstruction here and there. Mostly wides and mediums and some washout in places as well, but it's all very watchable. The sound is excellent as always. 2 DVDs A
Guys and Dolls
October 2012 ~ Beverly, MA
Jonathan Hammond (Nathan Detroit), Mylinda Hull (Miss Adelaide), Kelly McCormick (Sarah Brown), Kevin Vortmann (Sky Masterson), Wayne W. Pretlow (Nicely-Nicely Johnson), Ben Roseberry (Benny Southstreet), Jamie Ross (Arvide Abernathy).
Presented “in-the-round” by the North Shore Music Theatre. Filmed using once camera on a tripod with audio patched in from the sound board. The disc also includes a three minute highlights montage used for promotional purposes. A
Gypsy
Date Unknown
Angela Lansbury
About 12 minutes of highlight footage with the time stamp right in the center of the screen B+
Gypsy
Tyne Daly, Crista Moore, Jonathan Hadary
Great video with excellent picture and sound A
Gypsy
1991 ~ Waltham, MA
Jana Robbins, Tim Joliat, Michele Pigliavento, Jennifer Condon, Shawn Ingram, Kristin M. Brophy, Terri Ingram, Brenda Haijar
Presented by The Reagle Players; filmed using two cameras; some generation loss and spotlight washout B+
Gypsy
May / June 1992 ~ San Diego, CA
Karen Morrow, Heather Lee
Color washout and mild generation loss. Old but nice for its age B
Gypsy
1992 ~ Music Theatre Of Wichita, KS
Teri Ralston, Sharon Mahoney, Jessica Boevers, Gene Austin, Danny Gurwin
Pro-shot video with some washout and shaky camera movements but great clear sound and nice color, 2DVDS B
Gypsy
Bette Middler, Peter Riegert, Cynthia Gibb, Ed Asner.
Better Middler is amazing as Mama. Digital DVD. A+
Gypsy
1998 ~ Papermill Playhouse, New Jersey
Betty Buckley, Deborah Gibson, Alexandra Kiesman, Lenny Wolpe, Laura Bell Bundy, Joe Machota
Well shot video. Some slight graininess, generation loss B-
Gypsy
Bernadette Peters, John Dossett, Tammy Blanchard
Shot from 1st row balcony; very clear, no heads, lots of closeups. A
Gypsy
8/13/06 ~ Ravinia Festival
Patti Lupone, Jack Willis, Jessica Boevers, Jen Temen, Leo Ash Evens, Debra Watassek, Jane Blass, Derin Altay and theChicago Symphony Orchestra
Final performance of Patti Lupone in Gypsy at Ravinia; amazing video, very well filmed with great sound and closeups A+
Gypsy
7/29/07 ~ City Centre Encores!
Patti LuPone, Boyd Gaines, Laura Benanti, Leigh Ann Larkin, Tony Yazbeck, Nancy Opel, Alison Fraser.
Final Performance. Another terrific production by Encores! Wonderful performances by all. Includes curtain call part where Patti calls Laurents and Sondheim on stage. A-
Gypsy Revival
3/25/08 ~ Broadway revival
Patti Lupone, Boyd Gaines, Laura Benanti, Leigh Ann Larkin, Tony Yazbeck, Marilyn Caskey, Alison Fraser, Lenora Nemetz, Katie Micha.
A not to be missed production, very detailed and near perfection. Beautifully captured and performances that rival the definition of musical theater. A
Gypsy Revival
4/5/08 ~ Broadway
Patti LuPone, Boyd Gaines, Laura Benanti, Leigh Ann Larkin, Tony Yazbeck, Marilyn Caskey, Alison Fraser, Lenora Nemetz, Katie Micha
Gypsy
2015 ~ London
Imelda Staunton, Lara Pulver, Peter Davison, Billy Hartman, Gemma Suton, Dan Burton, Louise Gold, Lucinda Shaw, Anita Louise Combe.
Staunton’s portrayal of the ultimate showbiz mother was one of the must-sees of 2015, and indeed she’s been hailed by many as the best Momma Rose ever seen on stage. Filmed at London`s Savoy Theatre for BBC. 2 DVDs A+
Gypsy - Ultimate Edit DVD
Using the best available footage from videos, press reels, talk show performances and the internet, this is a best of video featuring the recent revival cast of Gypsy with Patti LuPone A
3rd Gypsy Of The Year Awards
12/3/91 ~ New York
Hosted by Jonathan Hadary, with special guest Maureen McGovern. The third annual fund-raising event for BC/EFA raised a total of $205,000.00, and featured performances from the casts of Return To The Forbidden Planet, Grand Hotel, Once On This Island, Cats, The Phantom Of The Opera, Pageant, Forever Plaid, City Of Angels, Nick & Nora, Les Miserables, And The World Goes ‘Round, The Secret Garden, Nunsense, The Will Rogers Follies, and Miss Saigon. Filmed using one camera on a tripod. Some slight generational loss. A-
11th Gypsy Of The Year Awards
1999 ~ New York
12th Gypsy Of The Year Awards
2000 ~ New York
15th Gypsy of the Year Competition
2003
17th Gypsy of the Year Awards
2005 ~ New York
Hosted by Brad Garrett and Lee Wilkoff. Judges for the event are Bryan Batt, Walter Bobbie, Judy Dove, Judy Kaye, Andrea McArdle, Hal Luftig, John E. Walker. Featuring casts from: Peter Pan, Urinetown, Sweeney Todd, Beauty & The Beast, Trailer Park Musical, The Lion King, Fiddler On The Roof, Spelling Bee, Menopause The Musical, In My Life, Chicago, Wicked, Hairspray, Mamma Mia, Naked Boys Singing, Chitty Chitty Bang Bang and Movin Out, in parodies of their shows and others. Very funny and very enjoyable! Broadway Cares/Equity Fights AIDS 17th annual benefit presentation. Filmed at New York's Neil Simon Theatre. Pro shot for video. A
18th Gypsy of the Year Competition
12/5/06 ~ New York, 12/5/06
A Chorus Line, Urinetown, The Lion King, Beauty & the Beast, 25th Annual Spelling Bee, Fame Becomes Me, Hairspray, The Times They Are a Changin', Spamalot, Rent, The Drowsy Chaperone, The Fantasticks, The Phantom of the Opera, Mamma Mia, Little Dog Laughed, The Color Purple plus more, Pro shot. A
23rd Gypsy Of The Year Awards
12/6/11 ~ New York
The 23rd Annual Gypsy of the Year Competition raised an all-time high $4,895,253, thanks to the tireless work of 53 participating Broadway, Off-Broadway and national touring companies during six weeks of intensive fundraising during the fall season. Since 1989, the 23 editions of Gypsy of the Year have raised a total of $49,031,973 to benefit Broadway Cares/Equity Fights AIDS. The previous fundraising record was $4.6 million in 2009. Last year's event raised $3.7 million. Hugh Jackman, Bernadette Peters and Daniel Radcliffe announced the grand total to a standing-room-only audience at the New Amsterdam Theatre, home to Disney's Mary Poppins. Multi-camera, pro-shot for video. A
The Habit of Art
4/22/10 ~ London
Richard Griffiths, Alex Jennings, Tom Attwood, Laurence Belcher, Danny Burns, Martin Chamberlain, Philip Childs, John Heffernan, Frances de la Tour.
Multiple cameras Proshot of the new production at the National Theatre. Broadcast live in cinemas through a satellite feed and this was captured from that feed. Perfect 5.1 sound and HD video. Includes a behind-the-scenes featurette. 2 DVDs
Ha’penny Bridge
2005 ~ Ireland
Written by Alastair McGuckian. Directed by Cathal MacCabe.
Starring Annalene Beechey, Stephen Ashfield, Eileen Reid, Joseph O' Gorman, Flo McSweeney, John Conroy, Karl Harpur, Mark Lambert and Mark O' Regan.
Pro-shot A+
Hair... For the Next Generation
1988 ~ New York
United Nations Concert pro-shot performance with Melba Moore, Paul Jabara, Heather MacRae, Treat Williams, Nell Carter, Andre DeShields, Donna Summer, Bea Arthur, Frank Stallone, Jay Leno, Rex Smith, Chuck Magione
Great picture and sound quality. Includes nine new songs. A
Hair
Unknown Date ~ Company Theater, Norwell, MA
Older capture from videotape, but clear. Good color, performances and staging. Steady camerawork. B+
Hair
August 1998 ~ Beverly, MA
Tom Stuart, Matt Walton, Rachel Stern, Jennifer Cody, Kimberly Jajuan, Cathy Trien, Kevin R. Free, Sean Jenness
Filmed using multiple cameras, with sound patched directly into the camera from the soundboard. Not the complete show-highlights only, but almost all of the show is included. Some slight generational loss.
Hair - Encores
Idina Menzel, Tom Plotkin, Luther Creek, Miriam Schor, Michael McElroy, Brandi Chavonne Massey, Kevin Cahoon
Excellent video with lots of zooms A-
Hair - Reprise Concert
June 2001 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Sam Harris, Steven Webber, Jennifer Leigh Warren, Rod Keller, Allan Louis, Stacy Francis, Marissa Jaret Winokur, Alisan Porter
Rare and interesting concert version of the show. Excellent video with great closeups and sound. A
Hair
2001 ~ Vienna Austria
Drew Sarich, Kyrre Kvam, Sasua Meyer, Ilse La Monaca, Kundra Owens, Pehton D. Quirante, Cedric Lee Bradley, Shelia Marie Kasey, Erick Minsk, Dave Moskin
Great Production. Some generational loss, and a bit on the dark side. In English. B-
Hair
Adam Berry, Anna Henning, Steven Allen Couch
A Production of Provincetown Theatre Company. House camera with great sound. A
Hair - Actor’s Fund BCEFA Concert
9/19/04 ~ New York
Shoshana Bean, Laura Benanti, Kathy Brier, Jim J. Bullock, Liz Callaway, Paul Castree, Chuck Cooper, Gavin Creel, Darius de Haas, Lea DeLaria, Raul Esparza, Harvey Fierstein, Ana Gasteyer, Annie Golden, Ann Harada, Jackie Hoffman, Jeffifer Hudson, Norm Lewis, Brandi Chavonne Massey, Michael McKean, Euan Morton, Julia Murney, Nancy Opel, Orfeh, Adam Pascal, Billy Porter, Jai Rodriguez, RuPaul, Christopher Sieber, Shayna Steele, John Tartaglia, Toxic Audio, Lillias White, Harris Doran
Final Rehersal of the BCEFA one night benefit; very clear, first generation video! Complete show, but with frequent breaks for stage directions etc. Performers are in their street clothes A
Hair - Actor’s Fund BCEFA Concert
9/20/04 ~ New York
Shoshana Bean, Laura Benanti, Kathy Brier, Jm J. Bullock, Liz Callaway, Paul Castree, Chuck Cooper, Gavin Creel, Darius de Haas, Lea DeLaria, Raul Esparza, Harvey Fierstein, Ana Gasteyer, Annie Golden, Ann Harada, Jackie Hoffman, Jeffifer Hudson, Norm Lewis, Brandi Chavonne Massey, Michael McKean, Euan Morton, Julia Murney, Nancy Opel, Orfeh, Adam Pascal, Billy Porter, Jai Rodriguez, RuPaul, Christopher Sieber, Shayna Steele, John Tartaglia, Toxic Audio, Lillias White, Harris Doran
BCEFA Pro video of the one night only Actors’ Fund Benefit Concert at the New Amsterdam Theatre A+
Hair
July/August 2007 ~ Amstetten, Austria
Rob Fowler (Berger), Mark Seibert (Claude), Sabine Mayer (Sheila), Kudra Owens (Dionne), Pehton Quirante (Woof), Ruben heernveen (Hud), Ruben Heernveen (Hud), Christa Helige (Jeanie), Lucca Züchner (Crissy)
Pro-Shot! In German! 2 Discs! A+
Hair
7/9/08 ~ Theory’s Preview Performance, New York
Jonathan Groff (Claude), Will Swenson (Berger), Bryce Ryness (Woof), Kacie Shiek, and rest of cast. This footage is from the free performance preview of the Public Theatre's Shakespeare in the Park production of "Hair" at Theory's New York store on the Plaza. Only three songs (Hair, I Got Life, Let The Sunshine In) on one DVD with scene selection. Total run time is about 12 minutes. A
Hair
3/15/09 ~ Broadway
Gavin Creel, Will Swenson, Caissie Levy, Sasha Allen, Allison Case, Andrew Kober, Megan Lawrence, Darius Nichols, Bryce Ryness, Kacie Sheik
Fantastic widescreen capture. About 10 minutes of tiny blackouts during Act 1 when the Cast is in the Aisle, but besides that very steady capture with great close-ups, and wide-shots. Absolutely not a touch of spotlight washout. A
Hair
9/4/10 ~ London
Kevin Kern, Steel Burkhardt, Caissie Levy, Sasha Allen, Kacie Sheik, Allison Case, Matt DeAngelis, Darius Nichols, Ato Blankson-Wood, Lauren Elder, Allison Guinn, Phyre Hawkins, Crystal Joy, Kaitlin Kiyan, Andrew Kober, John Moauro, Aki Omoshaybi, Brandon Pearson, Megan Reinking, Paris Remillard, Oliver Roll, Hannah Shankman, Maya Sharpe, Patrick Smyth, Donna Steele, Liam Tamne.
Second-to-last performance, final matinee; video is incomplete, running just under 90 minutes and includes the following songs and scenes: Act 1: Ain't Got No (partial), I Believe in Love, Air, Draft Notice (scene), I Got Life, Initials (partial), High School (scene), Going Down, "Haggle of hippi"
(scene), Hair (partial), My Conviction, the yellow shirt scene, Easy to Be Hard, Hung up (scene), Frank Mills, burning the draft cards scene (the second part of Hare Krishna), Where Do I Go; Act 2: Claude's gift-giving scene (starting with Kaitlin's gift), Black Boys/White Boys, Walking in Space (partial), Roll Call, Minuet, Yes I's Finished, Abie Baby, Give Up All Desires, Three-Five-Zero-Zero (partial), What a Piece of Work Is Man, How Dare They Try, "Last night of the world" (scene), Good Morning Starshine, all song reprises, The Flesh Failures/Let the Sun Shine In; excellent video A
Hair
10/28/10 ~ Washington, D.C.
Steel Burkhardt, Paris Remillard, Phyre Hawkins, Matt DeAngelis, Darius Nichols, Caren Lyn Tackett, Kacie Sheik, Kaitlin Kiyan
Beautiful capture of the Opening Night performance of the Tour cast. Very nice video with clear picture and sound A
Hair
1/30/11 ~ Costa Mesa, CA
Paris Remillard, Steel Burkhardt, Caren Lyn Tackett, Phyre Hawkins, Matt DeAngelis, Kacie Sheik, Darius Nichols, Kaitlin Kiyan, Allison Guinn, Josh Lamon, Lee Zarrett, Lulu Fall, Shaleah Adkisson,
Nicholas Belton, Marshal Kennedy Carolan, Mike Evariste, Nkrumah Gatling, Allison Guinn, John Moauro, Christine Nolan, Emmy Raver-Lampman, Arbender Robinson, Cailan Rose, Sara Ruzicka, Jen Sese
Great capture of the tour; a total of four blackouts in Act I: the first two minutes of "Aquarius", both "Ain't Got No", and the last minute of "Hair" with the rest of the show is intact, with no obstruction and very little washout. Includes curtain call. Very nice video 2 DVDs A-
Hair - Hollywood Bowl Concert
8/1/14 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Hunter Parrish, Benjamin Walker, Kristen Bell, Amber Riley, Jonah Platt, Jenna Ushkowitz, Mario, Sarah Hyland, Beverly D'Angelo, Kevin Chamberlin, Amanda Balen, Carly Bracco, Jennifer Foster, Taylor Frey, Courtney Galiano, Nkrumah Gatling, Rhett George, Kyle Hill, Jeremy Hudson, Joanna Alexis Jones, Yani Marin, Kimberly Moore, Maurice Murphy, Jane Papageorge, Louis Pardo, Matthew Peacock, Corbin Reid, Johnny Rice, Haylee Roderick, Cailan Rose, Constantine Rousouli, Rustin Cole Sailors, Hanna-Lee Sakakibara, Isaac Tualaulelei
Filmed on a tripod, so it's very steady except for the occasional jerkiness when panning; video sometimes a little grainy due to the distance from the stage, but well captured with no blackouts; filmed in 16:9, with a mix of wides, mediums, and close-ups; excellent sound and includes curtain call and encore; nice video 2 DVDs A-
Hairspray
Hairspray
Press Reel ~ Broadway
Harvey Fierstein, Marissa Janet Winokur, Matthew Morrison, Laura Bell Bundy, Kerry Butler, Linda Hart, Dick Latessa, Corey Reynolds. A
Hairspray
7/29/02 ~ Broadway
Harvey Fierstein, Marissa Janet Winokur, Mattthew Morrison, Laura Bell Bundy, Kerry Butler, Linda Hart, Dick Latessa, Corey Reynolds, Clarke Thorell, Mary Bond Davis
Digital, Shot from first row mezzanine. Lots of close-ups. Second act has some scenes where it's just the whole stage, because of ushers watching. A+
Hairspray
8/31/02 ~ Broadway
Harvey Fierstein, Marissa Janet Winokur, Mattthew Morrison, Laura Bell Bundy, Kerry Butler, Linda Hart, Dick Latessa, Corey Reynolds, Clarke Thorell, Mary Bond Davis
Good video with coverups throughout and some heads in the way; nice sound; A-
Hairspray
10/9/02 ~ Broadway
Harvey Fierstein, Marissa Janet Winokur, Mattthew Morrison, Laura Bell Bundy, Kerry Butler, Linda Hart, Dick Latessa, Peter Matthew Smith (u/s), Corey Reynolds, Mary Bond Davis
Begins during “Nicest Kids in Town”; one or two cover-ups and slightly shaky but beautiful video and comparable to 7/29 one; Camcorder-1st generation . Video includes the 2002 Gypsy of the Year skit after the show A
Hairspray
1/4/03 ~ Broadway
Harvey Fierstein, Marissa Janet Winokur, Mattthew Morrison, Laura Bell Bundy,
Kerry Butler, Linda Hart, Dick Latessa, Corey Reynolds, Clarke Thorell, Danelle Eugenia Wilson, Mary Bond Davis
Digital video. Quick cut during "Cooties" for a battery flip A
Hairspray
11/5/03 ~ Broadway
Harvey Fierstein, Kathy Brier, Matthew Morrison, Jennifer Gambatese, Dick Latessa, Chester Gregory, Clark Thorell, Mary Bond Davis
Excellent video with great picture and sound. A-
Hairspray
9/4/05 ~ Philadelphia, PA
Keala Settle, JP Dougherty, Jim J. Bullock, Serge Kushnier, Jane Blass (u/s), Charlotte Crossley, Chandra Lee Schwartz, Alan Mingo Jr, Worth Williams, Paul McQuillan
Second Act only; video is excellent quailty, filmed from the 4th or 5th row left side of the mezz. Tons of closeups, no real obstructions. A
Hairspray
12/13/05 ~ Chicago
Keala Settle, Dale Calandra (u/s), Jim J. Bullock, Melissa Larsen (u/s), Aaron Tveit, Charlotte Crossley, Susan Henley, Tara Macri
Clear picture and sound; about four minutes total of blackouts but sound throughout A
Hairspray
1/31/06 ~ Broadway
John Pinette, Michelle Dowdy, Stephen DeRosa, Darlene Love, Tevin Campbell, Michael Cunio, Tracy Miller, Kevin Meaney , Becky Gulsvig , Julie Halston, Leah Hocking
Good video with issues; act one cover up right before "It Takes Two" and through to end of song; act 2 starts with sound only for first 4 minutes to the end of "Big Doll House", last 4 minutes of act 2 is sound only and no cutain call. B+
Hairspray
9/27/06 ~ Rockford, IL
Brooklynn Pulver, Jerry O'Boyle, Pearl Thomas, Alyssa Malgeri, Happy McPartlin, Dan Ferretti, Christian White,Yvette Monique Clark
Clear picture and sound with excellent closeups and nicely captured show in general A+
Hairspray
11/25/06 ~ Broadway
Shannon Durig, Blake Hammond, Diana DeGarmo, Stephen DeRosa, Darlene Love, Tevin Campbell, Jonathan Dokuchitz, Lisa Jolley, Isabel Keating, Tara Macri, Kevin Meaney, Naturi Naughton, Aaron Tveit
Amazingly clear picture and sound, shot from the front row of the mezzanine with no obstructions, gorgeous close-ups and one short cover up; easily the nicest Hairspray video I have ever seen, makes me want to see it again. 2 DVDs A+
Hairspray
3/25/07 ~ Broadway
Michelle Dowdy (u/s), Paul Vogt, Alexa Vega, Ashley Parker Angel, Scott Davidson (u/s), Susan Mosher (u/s), Jonathan Dokuchitz, Darlene Love, Hayley Podschun (u/s), Tevin Campbel, Leslie McDonel (u/s), Naturi Naughton Some great close ups, but moments of obstruction due to heads in the way and the video is a little shaky; after the first 6 minutes, it gets better; still a nice video for a first timer.
Great moment at the start of Act 2, from the taper “during the jail scene when the Matron says "exercise!" and they all start to do jumping jacks.. Alexa started her jumping jacks and her harmonica flew up out of her pocket and without losing a beat she caught it and continued the scene. It was a riot. She was laughing.” 2 DVDs A-
Hairspray
August 2007 ~ Music Theatre Of Wichita, KS
Annie Funke, Blake Hammond,Todd DuBail, Stephanie Martignetti, Deanna Glover, Alex Still,Audrey Neenan, Robert Hartwell
Filmed using one camera on a tripod with sound patched in directly from the sound board. Disc also includes TV commercials for the production. 2 DVDs A
Hairspray
10/16/07 ~ West End, London
Michael Ball, Mel Smith, Leanne Jones, Ben James-Ellis, Tracie Bennett, Elinor Collett, Johnnie Fiori, Adrian Hansel, Rachael Wooding.
Very good, clear video with excellent sound and a very excited audience; very good video A
Hairspray
12/16/07 ~ Broadway
Shannon Durig, George Wendt, Ashley Parker Angel, Ashley Spencer, Gretchen Bieber (u/s Velma), Lance Bass, Tevin Campbell, Terita Redd (u/s Motormouth), Naturi Naughton, Hayley Podschun (u/s Penny), Tom Rooney
Beautiful filmed with lots of great closeups. Shot around heads so there are some heads in the way during full stage shots, but overall its a great video. A
Hairspray
2/1/08 ~ Thousand Oaks, CA
Brooklynn Pulver, Jerry O'Boyle, Sharon Malane, Constantine Rousouli, Donnell James Foreman, Pearl Thomas, Jarret Mallon, Kristin Stewart, Dan Ferretti, Angela Birchett, Marsena Eunice Bowers, Arjana Andris, Greg London
A little shaky now and then, and a little dark; one brief blackout during "The Nicest Kids in Town". The only minor obstruction is when action is at farthest downstage; still a nice video A-
Hairspray
7/11/08 ~ Broadway
Marissa Perry, George Wendt, Jennifer Lewis, Ashley Parker Angel, Karen Mason, Tevin Campbell, Ken Marks, Leslie Goddard (u/s Penny), Ashley Spencer, Susan Mosher, Clarke Thorell, Naturi Naughton, Kevin Meaney
Highlights; contains the following: "Good Morning Baltimore", part of "Nicest Kids in Town", "Mama, I'm a Big Girl Now", "I Can Hear The Bells", "Miss Baltimore Crabs", Detention, "The Madison", "Welcome To The 60s", end part of "Run and Tell", Motormouth's Record Shop, "Big, Blonde & Beautiful", Act Two is complete through the end of "Timeless To Me"; video is a combo of full stage shots and closeups, with no real obstructions. B+
Hairspray
11/19/08 ~ Philadelphia, PA
Amy Toporek, Michael Walker, Josh Young, Kate Fahrner, Joilet F. Harris, Ben Dibble, Liz Kimball, Domonique Paton, Denise Whelan, Neil Totton, Connie Shafer, John-Charles Kelly
Highlights; nice video of a solid regional production; contains all the musical numbers (except the song "Hairspray"). No real obstructions. It's interesting to see "Hairspray" staged different than the Broadway production, although some things are the same; nice sound and good video A
Hairspray
1/3/09 ~ Broadway
Harvey Fierstein, Marissa Janet Winokur, Clarke Thorell, Constantine Rousouli, Kate Loprest, Niki Scalera, Tevin Campbell, Charlotte Crossley, Susan Mosher, Melissa VanPelt, Karen Mason, Ken Marks
Third to last performance on Broadway, and only video done during Marissa and Harvey's final run. Quite a few blackouts, but none of them last for more than 30 seconds or a minute; filmed mostly wide and medium shots, with some close-ups; head in the way at times but taper films around it; some washout in the wides. Curtain call is included. 2 DVDs A-
Hairspray
3/20/10 ~ Cologne
Uwe Ochsenknecht (Edna Turnblad), Jessica Jäde (Tracy Turnblad), Martin Berger (Wilbur Turnblad), Nicole Berendsen (Velma von Tussle), Leoni Oeffinger (Amber von Tussle), Rob Fowler (Corny Collins), Leila Vallio (Penny Pingleton), Michael Heller (Link Larkin), Amber Schoop (Motormouth Maybelle), Julius Williams III. (Seaweed J. Stubbs), Denise Obedekah (Inez), Eric Minsk.
Quality: 2 DVDs A-
Hairspray
4/8/10 ~ Cologne
Jessica Jäde (Tracy Turnblad), Tetje Mierendorf (Edna Turnblad), Martin Berger (Wilbur Turnblad), Nicole Berendsen (Velma von Tussle), Tineke Ogink (Amber von Tussle), Michael Ernst (Corny Collins), Jana Stelley (Penny Pingleton), Daniel Berini (Link Larkin), Deborah Woodson (Motormouth Maybelle), Tedros Teclebrhan (Seaweed J. Stubbs), Denise Obedekah (Inez), Eric Minsk (Mr. Spritzer/Mr. Pinky).
Digitally filmed. Really good sound & picture. 2 DVDs A
Hairspray
4/11/10 ~ Orange County, CA
Danielle Arci, Jerry O'Boyle, Ryan Rubek, Erin Sullivan, Amber Rees, Richard Crandle, Benjamin J McHugh, Debra Thais Evans, Colleen Kazemek, Mark A Harmon, Marsena Eunice Bowers, Jorie Janeway
Good video of the non-Equity tour; filmed in mostly wides and mediums, with a few close-ups; very little washout except in some of the wides with no obstruction or blackouts. Nice clear video with great sound A
Hairspray
5/2/10 ~ Cologne
Uwe Ochsenknecht (Edna Turnblad), Maite Kelly (Tracy Turnblad), Martin Berger (Wilbur Turnblad), Nicole Berendsen (Velma von Tussle), Tineke Ogink (Amber von Tussle), Rob Fowler (Corny Collins), Jana Stelley (Penny Pingleton), Daniel Berini (Link Larkin), Julia Davine (Motormouth Maybelle), Tedros Teclebrhan (Seaweed J. Stubbs), Denise Obedekah (Inez), Sarah Schütz (Prudy Pingleton), Eric Minsk (Mr. Spritzer/Mr. Pinky).
Digitally filmed. Really good sound & picture. 2 DVDs. Quality A
Hairspray
9/24/10 ~ Cologne
Cast: Tetje Mierendorf (Edna Turnblad), Maite Kelly (Tracy Turnblad), Leon van Leeuwenberg (Wilbur Turnblad), Nicole Berendsen (Velma von Tussle), Tineke Ogink (Amber von Tussle), Lars Redlich (Corny Collins), Marleen de Vries (Penny Pingleton), Daniel Berini (Link Larkin), Deborah Woodson (Motormouth Maybelle), Tedros Teclebrhan (Seaweed J. Stubbs), Denise Obedekah (Inez), Sarah Schütz (Prudy Pingleton), Eric Minsk (Mr. Spritzer/Mr. Pink).
Quality: 2 DVDs A-
2010 ~ UK Tour
Brian Conley, Les Dennis, Laurie Scarth, Liam Doyle, Gillian Kirkpatrick, Danny Bayne.
This lavish show is perfectly shot with no obstructions or blackouts, best one I have seen
Since the video from the music theatre of Wichita surfaced. Great performances. A+ 2 DVDs
Hairspray
February 2011 ~ UK Tour
Michael Starke, Laurie Scarth, Mickey Dolenz
Act 1 and Act 2 were filmed on different nights, and Act 2 has some understudies. Very nicely filmed and crystal clear with no obstructions. 2 DVDs A
Hairspray
July 2011 ~ Plays in the Park. NJ
Melanie Porras, Richard Colonna, Michael Fernandes, Amanda Braun, Emily Phillips, Lyle Dungee, Eric Harper, Jonathan Fishman, Mimi Francis, Cindy Chalt, Amber Palmer
Pro-shot video with clear picture and sound; very nice video 2 DVDs A
Hairspray: Hollywood Bowl Concert
8/6/11 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Marissa Jaret Winokur, Harvey Fierstein, Diana DeGarmo, Susan Anton, Corbin Bleu, Drew Carey, Mo Gaffey, Nick Jonas, Darlene Love, Tara Macri, Michael McDonald, John Stamos, Chyka Jackson
Filmed in a 16:9 ratio in a combination of wides, mediums, and very few close-ups; a few obstructions and a couple of washouts, as well as somewhat fuzzy in the close-ups; picture is shaky at times; songs cut out were "The Legend of Miss Baltimore Crabs", "Velma's Revenge", and "Cooties." Otherwise a nice video B+
Hairspray
5/10/13 ~ Glasgow, UK Tour
Mark Benton, Lucy Benjamin, Marcus Collins, Freya Sutton, Luke Striffler
A wonderful cast! Freya is outstanding. Filmed with an iPod from the front row of the Grand Circle. Stationary full stage shot, off centre though. Act 1 only, cuts off about 35 minutes in due to camera stopping. Some pretty bad spotlight washout throughout the video. The only known recording of this cast so far.
Hairspray OBC On The Caroline Rhea Show
6/25/03 ~ TV
Featuring Matthew Morrison, Marissa Jaret Winokor, Linda Hart, Laura Bell Bundy, Jackie Hoffman, Clarke Thorell, Joel Vig, Danelle Wilson, Shayna Steele, Judine Somerville and Kamilah Marshall. Harvey Fierstein introduces.
Half a Sixpence
May 2002 - Australia
Steve O’Neil
Good clear video with great closeups and clear sound; production from the Ballarat Light Opera Company B+
Hallelujah Hollywood: A Tribute to Magic World of MGM
1981 ~ MGM Grand, Las Vegas/HBO
Hosted by Gene Kelly. The lavish extravaganza with a cast of over 100 including topless showgirls in the closing performance after 5000+ shows. Also on the DVD is Cher in Concert in Monte Carlo. A-
Hamlet
David Tennant, Patrick Stewart, Penny Downie, Oliver Ford Davies, Mariah Gale, Edward Bennett
Proshot for BBC by the Royal Shakespeare Company A+
Hand to God
4/12/15 ~ Broadway
Steven Boyer, Geneva Carr, Marc Kudisch, Michael Oberholtzer, Sarah Stiles.
Beautiful HD capture of this hilarious new play. With glowing reviews this will for sure be a Tony contender. The cast is hysterically perfect with lightning fast paced comedy and larger than life characters! 2 DVDS
Hands on a Hardbody
6/2/12 ~ La Jolla, CA
Keith Carradine, Hunter Foster, Allison Case, Jay Armstrong Johnson, David Larsen, Jacob Ming-Trent, Kathleen Monteleone, Keala Settle, Jon Rua, William Youmans, Dale Soules
Beautiful HD capture of the Pre-Broadway production with no obstructions. A very solid cast and a fun story based on a real documentary of the same name from the late 90s. Great clear picture and sound 2 DVDs A
Hands on a Hardbody
4/10/13 ~ Broadway
Keith Carradine, Allison Case, Hunter Foster, Jay Armstrong Johnson, David Larsen, Jacob Ming-Trent, Kathleen Elizabeth Monteleone, Mary Gordon Murray, Jim Newman, Connie Ray, Jon Rua, Keala Settle, Dale Soules, Scott Wakefield, William Youmans
Very well-filmed video with good close-ups, stage shots and nice clear sound throughout; good video. A
Hans Brinker or The Silver Skates
2/9/58 ~ NBC-TV
Tab Hunter, Peggy King, Basil Rathbone, Dick Button
The ice sequences got more attention than the songs, but the show was a tremendous ratings success. In Black and white. A-
Hansel And Gretel
Red Buttons, Barbara Cook, Rise Stevens, Rudy Valee, Stubby Kaye, Hans Conried
The Happiest Girl In The World, In Concert
10/25/00 ~ San Diego, CA
Music by Jacques Offenbach, lyrics by E.Y. “Yip” Harburg. Presented during San Diego State University’s “Hip To Yip” Celebration. This 1961 Broadway musical comedy is based on Aristophanes' Lysistrata and set in ancient Greece, where the women of Athens hold a sex strike to stop the war in which their husbands are engaged. Filmed using one camera on a tripod. A-
The Happiest Millionaire
5/19/11 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Paul Michael Nieman, Andrea Stradling, Darryl Maximilian Robinson, Robert Altpeter, Eric Mello, Brian Alexander
Written by Kyle Crighton. Presented by The Glendale Center Theatre. Presented "in-the-round". Filmed using one camera on a tripod. Good clear picture and sound A
Happy Days: The Musical
1/9/09 ~ Milwaukee, WI
Joey Sorge, Steven Booth, Cynthia Ferrer, Felicia Finley, Whitney Bashor, Chris Fore, John Massey, James Micahel Lambert
A new musical based on the beloved TV series that had a brief national tour in 2009. An excellenct capture of a fun musical that is very faithful to the series and a must for any fan; clear picture and good sound A
Happy End
1985 ~ Washington D.C.
Casey Biggs, Marilyn Caskey, Richard Bauer, Joe Palmieri.
Kurt Weill/Bertolt Brecht operetta performed live for TV. A presentation of The Arena Theatre, Washington DC.
The Happy Time
3/7/07 ~ New York
Timothy Warmen, David Geinosky, Sarah Solie, George S. Irving
Concert version of Kander and Ebb's 1968 show as part of the Musicals Tonight! series; sound is fine and action is well captured albeit with spotlight washout and camera covering up; John Kander was reportedly seen wiping away tears in the front row; interesting video B
The Hard Problem
4/16/15 ~ London
Pro-Shot Olivia Vinall, Damien Molony, Anthony Calf, Kristin Atherton, Rosie Hilal, Parth Thakerar, Vera Chok, Jonathan Coy
Multiple cameras Proshot of the new production at the National Theatre. Broadcast live in cinemas through a satellite feed and this was captured from that feed. Perfect 5.1 sound and HD video. Includes a behind-the-scenes featurette and optional English subtitles throughout the performance.
The Harder They Come
Summer 2008 ~ London
Rolan Bell, Joanna Francis, Marlon King, Susan Lawson-Reynolds, Joy Mack, Marcus Powell, Chriss Tummings,Victor Romero Evans, Karlene Wray, Derek Elroy, Christopher J A Murrell, Joe Speare,
Matthew J Henry, Jacqui Dubois, Kirk Patterson
Hard matted widescreen, otherwise an excellent preservation of this fantastic show. Audio from the soundboard. Very little washout. Has audience comments at the end. A
Harmony
3/9/14 ~ Los Angeles
Wayne Alan Wilcox ("Rabbi" Josef Roman Cykowski), Will Blum (Ari "Lesh" Leshnikoff), Matt Bailey (Harry Frommerman), Will Taylor (Erwin "Chopin" Bootz), Chris Dwan (Erich Collin), Douglas Williams (Bobby Biberti), Leigh Ann Larkin (Mary Hegel), Hanna Corneau (Ruth Stern)
Beautifully filmed from the balcony, A 2 DVDs
Harold And Maude
February 1980 ~ Broadway
Janet Gaynor, Keith McDermott, Denny Dillon, Jack Bitnor
Very rare video of this Broadway flop with only 4 actual performances. Surprisingly good video for being so old but very low sound. A-
Harrigan ‘n Hart
1985 ~ Broadway
Christine Ebersole, Harry Groener, Mark Hamill, Armelia McQueen, Tudi Roche, Kenston Ames
Filmed from a little left of center; clear and in focus with very little spotlight washout and lots of zooms
and close-ups; good video, a little better than the one disc one above; an odd thing about the 2 disc capture is that it doesn't break after Act 1. The first disc contains about 2 hours of the show, which is all of Act 1 and part of Act 2. The second disc starts at the beginning of Act 2 so there is duplication on the
second disc 2 DVDs A
Harry Potter: A Very Potter Musical
2009 ~ University of Michigan
Darren Criss, Joey Richter, Bonnie Gruesen, Jamie Lyn Beatty, Lauren Lopez, Joe Walker, Dylan Saunders, Joe Moses
HP the Musical was written and produced in early 2009 by a bunch of college kids/recent grads through a non-profit student run theatre company.The songs were written by Darren Criss (who plays Harry Potter) and AJ Holmes (who plays piano in the band).The script was written by Matt Lang (who also directed the show), Nick Lang (who assistant directed and made the dragon puppet) and Brian Holden (who was busy working at a real job while the rest of us were making a goofy play).The full credits (including actor and tech credits) are at the end of the last video. HP the Musical was a completely non-for-profit parody show made by Potter-fans for Potter-fans. All of us involved love the books immensely (and strongly encourage everyone to read them if you haven't) and it is with the utmost admiration that we celebrate and poke fun at them with this musical adaptation. (Captured from Online Video; The DVD Catches at the Very end)" A
Harry Potter: A Very Potter Sequel
July 2010 ~ Orlando, FL
Darren Criss, Joey Richter, Bonnie Gruesen, Jaime Lyn Beatty, Lauren Lopez
Proshot video; the Death Eaters using the Time-Turner to go back in time to
Harry's first year at Hogwarts. 2 DVDs A
Harry Potter: A Very Potter 3D
11/8/12 ~ Chicago (Senior Year)
It features nearly all of the StarKid actors and actresses, including actor Darren Criss, who returned to the company to reprise his role as Harry Potter, and Evanna Lynch, who played Luna Lovegood in the original film series.
A Very Potter 3D: A Very Potter Senior Year (stylized as AVPSY) is the conclusion of the
Very Potter trilogy of Harry Potter-inspired musicals produced over four years by StarKid
Productions. Rather than a full musical, as with its previous installments, the production took the form of a live staged reading of the script (written by Matt Lang, Nick Lang and Brian
Holden), with performances of the songs, at LeakyCon in Chicago, Illinois, on August 11,
2012. Converted from pro-shot youtube videos.
Harvey
9/22/58 ~ CBS-TV
Art Carney, Charlotte Rae, Elizabeth Montgomery, Larry Blydon, Fred Gwenn, Marion Lorne, Jack Weston
The DuPont Show Of The Month; in black and white. 90 minutes, complete with original commercials. A-
Harvey
1972 ~ NBC-TV
James Stewart, Dorothy Blackburn, Martin Gabel, Fred Gwynne, Marian Hailey, Madeline Kahn, John McGiver, Richard Mulligan, Jesse White
A Hallmark Hall of Fame presentation; not bad for its age but it does show some generation loss and age; black and white and commericals have been edited out B
Harvey
5/20/12 ~ Broadway
Jim Parsons, Jessica Hecht, Charles Kimbrough, Larry Bryggman, Carol Kane, Peter Benson, Tracee Chimo, Holley Fain, Angela Paton, Rich Sommer, Morgan Spector
Filmed in HD 16:9 Widescreen; very well filmed with clear sound and picture; great video; disc includes bonus interviews and behind the scenes footage A
Haven
November 2001 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Stephanie Block, Mark Edgar Stevens, Sandra Purpuro, Richard Gould, Nathan Holland, Betsy Beard
Multi-camera pro shot producer's copy. Occasional sync issues but an excellent video 2 DVDs A
He Say, She Say, But What Does God Say?
2004 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Clifton Powell, N'Bushe Wright, Tommy Ford, Cassie Davis, Red Grant, Orlando Wright.
"He Say, She Say, But What Does God Say? is a revolution in inspirational theatre. Skillfully walking the fine line between faith and fear, this dynamic play tells the story of the hapless congregants of True Vine, a small, store-front church nestled in one of Detroit's roughest neighborhoods. The church-goers find themselves located next door to the Twenty Grand, a seedy nightclub laced with hustlers, murderers and gangsters. The action never stops as both vow to own the block and rid the community of each other. This play chronicles an all-out war between God-fearing people and gangsters who fear no one." Pro-shot for video at the Wilshire Theatre in LA. Letterboxed. (This musical is part of the "Soul Theatre Series." Also see: The Fabric Of A Man, and Love On Layaway) A
Heart and Soul Life and Music of Frank Loesser
2006 ~ PBS
Pro-Shot Profiles the tough-talking, tempestuous, big-hearted musical genius who made an indelible imprint on American musical theater and popular song. Best known for his Broadway smash hits, "Guys and Dolls," "How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying," and "The Most Happy Fella,"
Heartbeat of Home
Irish Dancing show, similar to Lord of the Dance.
Heartbreak House
1985 ~ Showtime-TV
Rex Harrison, Amy Irving, Rosemary Harris, Dana Ivey, Tom Aldridge, George Martin
Adapted from the play by George Bernard Shaw and filmed for television; good clear video A
Heathcliff
Cliff Richard and Helen Robson
A+ (Pro Shot)
Heather Headley - Home
5/24/04 ~ New York
Pro shot BCEFA concert featuring special guests Norm Lewis, Adam Pascal, Clay Aiken, Michael McElroy and The Broadway Inspirational Voices; excellent video A
Heathers: In Concert
9/14/10 ~ Concert at Joes Pub
Annaleigh Ashforh (Veronica), Jeremy Jordan (Dean), Jenna Leigh Green (Heather Chandler, Corri English (Heather McNamara, Christine Lakin (Heather Duke), James Snyder (Kurt), PJ Griffith (Ram), Julie Garnye (Martha).
Not the full reading but basically all of the musical numbers in their entirey. Very close picture, fantasic audio. A great fun night. A
Heathers the Musical
5/25/14 ~ New York
Barrett Wilbert Weed, Dan Domenech (u/s JD), Charissa Hogeland (u/s Heather Chandler), Elle McLemore, Alice Lee, Katie Ladner, Evan Todd, Jon Eidson, Molly Hager, Cait Fairbanks, Rachel Flynn, Dustin Sullivan, Matthew Schatz, AJ Meijer, Anthony Crivello, Daniel Cooney, Michelle Duffy
First minute of act one is blacked out, but otherwise fully intact with no blackouts and only slight washout in a few wide shots; steady clear video and excellent sound; includes curtain call, encore 2 DVDs A
Hedda Gabler
1/5/54 ~ ABC-TV
Tallulah Bankhead, Alan Hewitt, Luther Adler, John Baragrey, Eugenia Rawls.
The first minute or so is unwatchable due to tracking issues, and then the quality improves enough to be able to enjoy it, although there are still is still some generational problems. Black and White. Commercials have been edited out. B-
Hedwig and the Angry Inch
1/2/99 ~ Producer's Copy
John Cameron Mitchell
Broadcast Quality; Excellent performance of a superb show captured with wonderful quality, a must see. Filmed on 3 camera angles. Perfection. Video includes the 1999 Easter Bonnets skit after the show A+
Hedwig and the Angry Inch
11/7/99 ~ Boston
Hedwig and the Angry Inch
5/25/03 ~ Pittsburgh, PA
Excellent video; 1st generation from the master A
Hedwig And The Angry Inch
6/17/04 ~ Rochester, NY
Crystal clear video, semi-pro shot, using one camera on a tripod. Broadcast quality video A
Hedwig and the Angry Inch
5/4/14 ~ Broadway
Neil Patrick Harris, Lena Hall, Justin Craig, Matt Duncan, Tim Mislock, Peter Yanowitz
Stunning HD capture of the triple Tony winner with no obstructions; this was the performance where a lady brought her dog to the show, and Hedwig had fun with that! Also includes Bonus footage from a
different performance: Origin of Love, Wig in a Box, Wicked Little Town, Long Grift, Wicked Little Town (Gnosis Version), Midnight Radio. 2 DVDs A+
Hedwig and the Angry Inch
8/20/14 ~ Broadway
Andrew Rannells, Lena Hall, Justin Craig, Matt Duncan, Tim Mislock, Peter Yanowitz
No major blackouts, but the video occasionally wanders for a few seconds at a time; heads on each side
that block the action for a few seconds once in a while; filmed in 16:9 mostly in mediums and close-ups, with a few wide shots; great clear sound and picture; very nice video. A
Hedwig and the Angry Inch
8/31/14 ~ Broadway
Andrew Rannells, Lena Hall
Beautiful HD capture of Andrew stepping in to the role. Great show with clear picture, nice close-ups
and great sound throughout; good video 2 DVDs A
Hedwig and the Angry Inch
11/5/14 ~ Broadway
Michael C. Hall, Lena Hall
Beautiful HD capture of Michael stepping into Hedwig's heels. Very well filmed with excellent picture and clear nice sound; Lena also does the BCEFA speech at the end as Cyndi Lauper, which is great 2 DVDs A
Hedwig and the Angry Inch
1/31/15 ~ Broadway
John Cameron Mitchell, Lena Hall
Beautiful HD capture of John's triumphant return to the role of Hedwig; many changes, lines, ad-libs
and jokes added to the show with excellent clear picture and sound; very nice video 2 DVDs A
Hedwig and the Angry Inch
3/27/15 ~ Broadway
John Cameron Mitchell and Lena Hall. Beautiful HD capture of JCM's "Crate" Show. This post injury and features the leg brace and crate. Tons of new jokes, blocking and musical phrasing, which is quite different from the January capture. JCM is quite the chameleon and this performance is not to be missed! 2 DISCS
Hedwig and the Angry Inch
4/11/15 ~ Broadway
John Cameron Mitchell, Shannon Conley
Excellent HD capture; well filmed with great clear picture and excellent sound; lots of funny jokes 2 DVDs A
Hedwig and the Angry Inch
5/7/15 ~ Broadway
Darren Criss and Rebecca Naomi Jones. Beautiful HD capture of Darren and Rebecca who recently joined the production. Darren really did a stunning take on Hedwig with the deck stacked against him. Great performance, new vocals and filled his own set of high heels! A very worthy successor to JCM and thoroughly entertaining! 2 DISCS
Hedwig and the Angry Inch
7/3/15 ~ Broadway
Darren Criss, Rebecca Naomi Jones
Excellent HD capture of Darren toward the end of his run. Some great new jokes and variations on the songs. The bottom of the screen is cut off a little sometimes but otherwise clear with great sound; nice video 2 DVDs A-
Heidi
1/10/55 ~ TV
Jeannie Carson, Elsa Lanchester, Wally Cox, Natalie Wood, Richard Eastham, Bil & Cora Baird Marionettes and Jo Van Fleet.
Heidi Cronicles
1995 ~ TV
Pro-Shot This is the TV adaptation of Wendy Wasserstein's Pulitzer-Prize winning play about one woman's quest for fulfillment. Jamie Lee Curtis stars.
The Heiress
10/13/12 ~ Broadway
Jessica Chastain, David Strathairn, Dan Stevens, Virginia Kull, Judith Ivey, Caitlin O'Connell, Kieran Campion, Molly Camp, Dee Nelson, Ben Livingston
Complete show. One scene, which takes place in the night is rather dark. Mostly steady shots with some shakiness between scenes. Good video 2 DVDs A-
Helen of Troy
6/13/05 ~ New York
Bruce Vilanch, Eden Espinosa, Alice Ripley, Cary Shields, Brandi Chavonne Massey, Klea Blackhurst, Will Swenson
This is a concert reading of the new musical. Filmed from the front row so your looking up.the music stand is in the way and blocks people; a couple of coverups; sound is very good. B-
Helen Reddy Sings Andrew Lloyd Webber
1990
Helen Reddy is joined by Betty Buckley (then appearing in "Song & Dance"), Reese Holland ("The Phantom Of The Opera," Los Angeles), and a group of 4 back up singers (Rosemary Law, Stan Chandler, Cheryl Stern, Jim Heinman) in this concert of Andrew Lloyd Webber’s music. Some slight generational loss, but still very clear. Also included on disc: Whoopi Goldberg on Broadway.
Hell Hath No Fury Like A Woman Scorned
2014 ~ New York
Cheryl "Pepsii" Riley, Patrice Lovely, Muhammed Ayers, Monica Blaire, Zebulon Ellis, Candice Pye, Ray Lavendar.
Pro-shot recording of Tyler Perry's stage play
Hellman v. McCarthy
10/9/14 ~ PBS Television New York
Roberta Maxwell, Marcia Rodd, Dick Cavett
Filmed in March for Channel Thirteen (New York City's local PBS affiliate) new series called Theater Close-Up, Jan Buttram's production of Brian Richard Mori's play at the Abingdon Theatre Company A
Hello Dolly, 'Round The World
196? ~ NBC-TV
Hosted by Mary Martin. A TV documentary about the many different productions of the show from Broadway to London to Japan and beyond. Includes many rare clips. Most of the video focuses on the Japanese production, featuring Martin. Some generational loss. B-
Hello Dolly
12/17/77 ~ Melbourne, FL
Carol Channing, Eddie Bracken, Lee Roy Reams, Robert Lydiard, Alexandra Korey, K.T. Baumann
This is a "Producer's Reference Tape", which was filmed so that future touring companies would have a reference, and ensure that choreography, blocking, direction, etc. would remain consistent in future productions. Filmed using two cameras, with sound patched in from the soundboard. This revival tour started in 1977, and opened on Broadway on March 5, 1978, where it played for a total of 147 performances. Some generational loss, but considering it's age, nothing too bad. B+
Hello Dolly
1984 ~ London
Danny La Rue as Dolly Levi.
Infamous London production, which was the first time in theatrical history that the part of 'Dolly' had been played by a man and the first time that a man had played a female role in a major musical. Semi-pro shot using one camera on a tripod. Suffers from some generational loss. C+
Hello, Dolly
1994 / 1995 ~ Tour
Carol Channing
Final National Tour by Channing; upgraded video, much much improved clearer video with good sound; B
Hello Dolly
1997 ~ Ballarat, Australia
Wendy Holgate, Steve O'Neil
A performance of the Ballarat Light Opera at Her Majesty's Theatre in Ballarat, Australia. Nice production filmed using one camera on a tripod. Some generational loss. A
Hello Dolly
1998 - Berlin, Germany
Angelika Milster.
Full-stage shot, some slight generation loss and spot washout. Very beautiful and uniquely staged production, just sounds a
bit awkward since Angelika has a higher vocal range than most Dolly's.
*IN GERMAN*
4/21/02 ~ Pittsburgh, PA
Lenora Nemetz, Jeffrey Howell, Tom Rocco, Michael McGurk, Sharon Connelly Schaller, Angela Bloomquist, Amy Orlandi
A production of Pittsburgh Music Theatre at the Bhyam. Semipro shot using one camera on a tripod. A
Hello Dolly
4/11/05 - The Netherlands
Willeke Alberti, Jos Brink, Jamai Loman, Marleen van der Loo, Barend van Zon, Melise de Winter, Armand Pol.
Very clear quality, filmed around a head from the right orchestra. Intersting production. Rather "modern" look and synthesized sound. The woman playing Dolly has an interesting singing voice, although you don't hear much of it since she unfortunately speak-sings most of her lines. Still worth a look, though.
*IN DUTCH*
Anita Dobson, Carol Ball, Samuel Board, David Mc Alister, Sophie Wilkins, Darren Day, Louise English
Proshot video transferred from PAL; nice clear video 2 DVDs A
Hello, Dolly!
June 2012 ~ Beverly, MA
Jacquelyn Piro Donovan, Gary Beach, Annalisa Leaming, Matt Loehr, Eric Man, Mara Newbery, Sarah Peak.
Presented in-the-round by the North Shore Music Theatre. Filmed using once camera on a tripod with audio patched in from the sound board. The disc also includes a three minute highlights montage used for promotional purposes. A
Hello, Dolly!
Sally Struthers, John O'Creagh, Matt Wolfe, Lauren Blackman, Garett Hawe, Halle Morse,
Brad Frenette, Hilary Fingerman
Beautiful HD capture with no obstructions. Great performances and clear picture and good sound;
good video 2 DVDs A
Hello Jerry! A Celebration Of Jerry Herman-His Music, His Life, and Himself
6/13/02 ~ Chicago, IL
Jason Graae, Karen Morrow, Paige O'Hara with Jerry Herman and Don Pippin
One night only concert to benefit The Chicago Humanities and The ASCAP Foundation Jerry Herman Legacy Series. Jerry Herman himself is the star and centerpiece of this musical salute showcasing his 40 years of hit songs. Nicely filmed from the audience. About 80 minutes long; nice video A-
Hello Muddah, Hello Faddah
3/3/93 ~ New York
Tovah Feldshuh, Jason Graae, Mary Testa
World premiere of the off-Broadway musical based on the Allan Sherman song of the same name. Some generational loss, filmed from the left side with good sound B+
Henry IV
11/29/03 ~ Broadway
Kevin Kline, Richard Easton, Ethan Hawke, Dana Ivey, Audra McDonald, Michael Hayden, Stephen DeRosa, Byron Jennings
Video is dark because the show is but the filmer did a good job with what was available; nice picture and sound. A 2 DVDs
Henry IV Part I and Part II
5/14/14 and 6/18/14 ~ London
Antony Sher, Elliot Barnes-Worrell, Martin Bassindale, Jasper Britton, Antony Byrne, Sean Chapman, Paola Dionisotti, Nicholas Gerard-Martin, Jonny Glynn, Robert Gilbert, Nia Gwynne, Alex Hassell, Jim Hooper, Youssef Kerkour, Jennifer Kirby, Sam Marks, Keith Osborn, Leigh Quinn, Joshua Richards, Simon Thorp, Trevor White, Simon Yadoo
Multiple cameras Proshot of the new production at the RSC. Broadcast live in cinemas through a satellite feed and this was captured from that feed. Perfect 5.1 sound and HD video. Includes a behind-the-scenes featurette and interviews. 4 DVDs
Hercules: The Musical
Disney Cruise Line
There are two ways of watching this video. Full Shot, which means the footage from a place with no close-ups and Close-Ups which I guess I don't have to explain, right?
Here Lies Jenny
Bebe Neuwirth, Greg Butler, Shawn Emamjomeh, Ed Dixon, Leslie Stifelman
Nice video with excellent picture and sound. A
Here's Love
1998 ~ US Non-Equity Tour
Book, music and lyrics by Merideth Wilson. Musical based on "Miracle On 34th Street." Had a short run on Broadway in the early 1960's. Pro-shot, multi camera video. A
Hero, The Rock Opera
Michael Tait, Mark Stuart, Rebecca St. James,T-Bone, Billy Buchanan, Paul Wright, Michael Quinlan, Shannon Bain
Pro shot for video. Good picture and sound A
Hey, Mr. Producer!
1988 ~ London
Lea Solonga, Elaine Paige, Michael Ball, Colm Wilkenson, Bernadette Peters
Officially released performance in concert. Conceived and taped as a royal gala for Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, the concert was filmed at the Lyceum Theatre in London. Includes fully costumed numbers from Cats, The Phantom of the Opera, Les Miserables, Miss Saigon, Oliver! and many more. Introduced by Julie Andrews. 2DVDs
High Fidelity
12/16/06 ~ Broadway
Will Chase, Jenn Colella, Christian Anderson, Jeb Brown, Andrew C. Hall, Matt Caplan, Rachel Stern
Filmed from high in the balcony. Mostly a full shot with occasional obstructions and much spotlight washout, but you still can get a good sense of the show. A video exists, finally. C
High Fidelity in Concert Also known as Kitt and Green
6/18/07 ~ New York (Birdland)
Tom Kitt, Amanda Green, Christian Anderson, Matt Caplan, Paul Castree, Jay Klaitz, Julia Murney, Amy Spanger, Rachel Stern, Emily Swallow, Jon Patrick Walker, J.B. Wing, Kirsten Wyatt.
High Fidelity
June 2012 ~ St. Louis, MO
Jeffrey M. Wright, Kimi Short, Mike Dowdy, Zachary Allen Farmer, Terrie Carolan, Taylor Pietz, Chrissy Young, Sarah Porter, Talichia Noah
Presented by The New Line Theatre in St. Louis; pro shot video with good sound and nice closeups 2 DVDs A
High School Musical
2006 ~ Movie
Zac Efron, Vanessa Anne Hudgens, Ashley Tisdale, Lucas Grabeel, Alyson Reed.
Two high school students who are worlds apart (the school's hoops star and the president of the science club) secretly decide to audition for their school's musical, a decision that turns their world and their school upside down. A
High School Musical 2
2007 ~ Movie
Zac Efron, Vanessa Anne Hudgens, Ashely Tisdale, Lucas Grabeel, Corbin Bleu, Monique Coleman. Over summer vacation, the East High Wildcats are ready to enjoy their vacation and earn some money at summer jobs. Troy Bolton lands a job at the country club, Lava Springs, not knowing that his job is a part of Sharpay's plan to steal him from Gabriella. Accidentally foiling Sharpay's plot, Troy not only helps Gabriella get a job as a lifeguard, but also lands jobs for Chad, Taylor, Zeke, Martha, Kelsi, Jason and the rest of his Wildcat pals. Making it worse, Sharpay finds out Kelsi has written a duet for Troy and Gabriella that's sure to outperform everyone at the club's annual Midsummer Night's Talent Show. Reminded of her humiliation over the winter musical, Sharpay is determined not to suffer a repeat and forms her own campaign to make sure she's not upstaged again. As they go head to head, Troy is enjoying the life of the privileged set, and begins to question what he's willing to give up for what he thinks he wants. A
High School Musical
August 2006 ~ Stagedoor Manor
Jordan Campbell, Andrea Ross, Olivia Baackes, Dylan Tedaldi, Eric Reinemann, Sarah Konowitz
World premiere performance! Stagedoor Manor - the summer theatre camp made famous by the movie "Camp" -is home to the first stage production of Disney's original movie "High School Musical." Performed by a cast of High School aged kids. Multi-camera shot. The end of the video has a few glitches, but nothing too bad. A
High School Musical
1/28/07 ~ Atlanta, GA
John Jeffrey Martin, Arielle Jacobs, Patti Murin, Bobby List, Allison Fraser, Ron Bohmer, Shakiem Evans, Shaullanda LaCombe, Olivia Oguma
Stage Manager's Calling Copy so you hear a voice calling the show throughout the video; house camera video with good sound but no closeups A
High School Musical, On Stage
June 2007 ~ Music Theatre Of Wichita, KS
Desi Oakley, Matthew Elliot, Sophia Drummond, Evan Kilgore, Emma Craig, Alex Johnson, Karen L. Robu, Timothy W. Robu
Filmed using one camera on a tripod. Very clear with excellent sound and closeups; nice video 2 DVDs A
High School Musical
John Jeffrey Martin, Arielle Jacobs, Renee Marino (u/s Sharpay),
Bobby List, Shakiem Evans, Shaullanda LaCombe, Ellen Harvey, Ron Bohmer
Nice video with good closeups and picture and sound throughout; also includes performance from Taste of Chicago. A
High Society
Marc Kudisch, Melissa Errico, Stephen Bogardus, John McMartin, Donald McDonald, Randy Graff
Some mild generation loss B+
High Society
June 2005 ~ Australia
Alexandra Gard, David Probert, Trish Spence, Andrew Crayford, Richard Grieg, Julia Whittle
A presentation of the Therry Dramatic Society at Adelaide's Art's Theatre. Pro-shot for video with some cast interview footage preceding the start of the show; nice video A-
High Spirits
11/22/97 ~ San Diego, CA
No Cast Information Available
Wonderful performance from the Don Powell Theatre with great clear picture and sound; very nice video A-
The Hired Man
47 minutes of song excerpts from The Hired Man. Kilkenny Musical Society
The History Boys
5/6/06 ~ Broadway
Samuel Anderson, Richard Griffiths, Samuel Barnett, Dominic Cooper, Clive Merrison, James Corden, Frances De La Tour, Sacha Dhawan,Andrew Knott, Clive Merrison, Stephen Capbell Moore, Jamie Parker, Russell Tovey
Great close ups and sound throughout; there is one minute cover-up in act 2; DVD includes interview with Richard Griffiths and Theatre Talk interview with Alan Bennett A+
Hit List in Concert
12/8/13 and 12/9/13 ~ 54 Below
Jeremy Jordan, Krysta Rodriguez, Andy Mientus, Carrie Manolakos
65 minutes long. A
H.M.S. Pinafore
2005 ~ The Arts Centre, Melbourne
Anthony Warlow, David Hobson, Colette Mann, Tiffany Speight, John Bolton Wood, Richard Alexander. An Opera Australia production filmed with multiple cameras for television broadcast. Beautiful production with great performances. A
H.M.S Pinafore
10/14/11 ~ PBS
Hosted by Rainn Wilson, Robert O. Berdahl (Captain Corcoran), Christina Baldwin (Little Buttercup), Barbara Byrne (Queen Victoria), Aleks Knezevich (Ralph Rackstraw), Seri Johnson (Cousin Hebe), Heather Lindell (Josephine), Jason Simon (Dicke Deadeye), J. Tyler Whitmer (Bob Becket), Robb McKindeles (Bill Bobstay) and Peter Thomson (Sir Joseph Porter), produced by Minneapolis' Guthrie Theatre in August 2011, playwright Jefferey Hatcher has massaged the libretto and wrote "additional material", most prominently an entire scene featuring Queen Victoria with lyrics that include "There is none that is finer/And she's the one/That we call Regina, goal sadly unattained appears to have been something along the lines of "Monty Python's Pinafore. Its Broadway style choreography (by David Bolger) plus its disco and rock-opera orchestrations (by Andrew Cooke) the show strongly resembles a show trying out for New York, Queen Victoria even makes a joke about taking a wrong turn at Peoria, 2 1/2 hours long
Holiday
6/9/56 ~ Max Liebman Presents NBC Special
Doretta Morrow, Keith Andes, Kitty Carlisle, Bambi Linn, Rod Alexander,Tammy Grimes, Charles Weidman, Jacques d'Amboise
Made for television production; black & white but great quality for its age; good sound B
Holler if You Hear Me
6/6/14 ~ Broadway
Saul Williams, Christopher Jackson, Ben Thompson, Tonya Pinkins, Saycon Sengbloh, John Earl Jelks, Joshua Boone.
The disc also includes a TV commercial, and 2 short behind the scene clips. Mostly just a full stage shot-no zooms-probably filmed with an iPhone or something similar.
Hollywood Arms
2002 ~ Chicago, IL
Linda Lavin, Michelle Pawk
Large gray bars across the screen for the first 10 minutes only; nice video afterwards A
Hollywood Pinafore
5/8/97 ~ New York
Judith Jarosz, Nathan Hull, Ron Lopez, Amy Barker, Amy Baxter, Gillian Burke, Louis Butelli, James Cole, Laura Lindsay Cole, Mark W. Hardin, Greg Horton, Stacie Kellie, David Kroll, Christopher Sutton, Melissa Jane Martin, Lisa Yeager, Cristiane Young
Filmed on a slight angle; nice video with a little generation loss but very watchable and clear sound B+
!
March 2012 ~ Chicago, IL
Joe Walker, Brian Holden, Nick Lange, Jeff Blim, Dylan Saunders, Lauren Lopez, Nicholas Strauss, Jaime Lyn Beatty, Chris Allen
Presented by StarKid Productions at Chicago's Hoover-Leppen Theatre. Holy Musical [email protected]
! is a parody musical based upon DC Universe's Batman; first StarKid production that Darren Criss was not involved in, neither acting nor songwriting, due to his involvement with FOX's Glee. Filmed using multiple cameras, but recorded from an online source, so it's a little pixilated at times. B
The Homecoming
Ian McShane, Raul Esparza, Eve Best, Michael McKean, James Frain, Gareth Saxe
Good video with nice picture but low sound A
Homme Fatale: The Fast Life And Slow Death Of Joey Stefano
1998 ~ Sydney, Australia
Shane C. Rodrigo. A Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras presentation of a play in one act by Barry Lowe. "Joey Stefano was a gay porn star in the 1980s. This play is the tale of his rise and ultimate demise. With a cast consisting solely of Shane C. Rodrigo, this Brechtesque show is not for the faint-hearted, with drug use and nudity prominent throughout. Rodrigo's performance is good considering the play is a 90-minute-long solo effort. He builds a rapport with the audience (especially with the front row during the striptease). He effectively portrays the porn world's objectification: ``Come back when you've got breasts as big as Dolly Parton's, a penis enlargement and perfect teeth, honey!''. One of the most gripping scenes is when Stefano accepts a penis-shaped award in a tuxedo coat with no pants and talks into the microphone about how lonely he is. This scene ends with a little boy's voice begging his father not ``to make me do it'', a reference to sexual abuse." Filmed using multiple cameras. Contains nudity, adults only. A
Honeymoon in Vegas
11/28/14 ~ Broadway
Rob McClure, Tony Danza, Brynn O'Malley, David Josefsberg, Nancy Opel, Matthew Saldivar, Catherine Ricafort, George Merrick, Raymond J. Lee, Zachary Prince, Leslie Donna Flesner
Nice video with some issues in the first half hour with blackouts and wandering and a black bar at the bottom of the screen; greatly improves after that; clear sound throughout; nice video with a mix of wides, mediums, and close-ups. 2 DVDs A-
Honeymoon in Vegas
12/5/14 ~ Broadway
Rob McClure, Tony Danza, Brynn O'Malley, David Josefsberg, Nancy Opel, Matthew Saldivar
Good video with clear picture and sound; a head pops up once in a while but is worked around well; Nancy Opel gets stuck in the rigging at the end of the show and crowd loves it; very nice video 2 DVDs A
Honk!
June 2000 ~ Beverly, MA
Gavin Creel, James Hindman, Nancy Opel, Ken Prymus, Natasha Harper, Mary Stout
From the North Shore Music Theatre. Pro shot, using multiple cameras, performed in the round. A
Honk
July 2001 ~ Wichita, KS
Arthur W. Marks, Susan Hofflander, Josh Prince, David Ruprecht.
Another amazing production by The Music Theatre Of Wichita. Semi-pro shot, using one camera. Very nicely filmed. Includes scanned program info. A
Honky Tonk Highway
Keith David, Michael Balderrama, Allen Hidalgo, Vivian Nixon, Samantha Pollino, Wynonna Smith
Excellent video with great picture and sound A
Hotel Paradise
1949 ~ Max Liebman Presents NBC Television
Sid Caesar, Imogene Coca, Mata & Hari, Sydney Smith, Bobby Lane & Claire, James Starbuck
Directed, produced and written by Max Liebman. A Broadway style musical comedy hour about the "Hotel Paradise." Black & white in good quality and sound B+
House Of Flowers
2/20/91 ~ Westbury, NY
Patti LaBelle
This presentation was the beginning of what was referred to as "an extended tour" after which the producers had expectations of bringing it back to Broadway (which never happened). Presented "in-the-round" at the Westbury Music Fair. Filmed from the back of the house with a single mostly stationary camera, one head appears in the shot. 2 DVDs B
The House of Blue Leaves
5/25/87 ~ PBS Television
Swoosie Kurtz, Christine Baranski, John Mahoney, Ben Stiller, Julie Hagerty
Professionally filmed for PBS. Features a young Ben Stiller in his first show. Very nice video A
Also available on 2 DVDs please specify.
The House Of Blue Leaves
May 2009 ~ Theatre Arlington, Texas
Lana K. Hoover, Ted Wold, Lisha Brock, Skyy Moore, Eugene Chandler, Elizabeth Conly, Beverly Murray, Becca Nordeen, Hilary Evitt, Tyler Kirk
A tripod shot including a fund-raising speech after the show. A
The House Of Blue Leaves
6/22/11 ~ Broadway
Ben Stiller, Edie Falco, Jennifer Jason Leigh, Christopher Abbott, Susan Bennett, Jimmy Davis, Hailey Feiffer, Mary Beth Hurt, Alison Pill, Thoams Sadoski, Tally Sessions
First few minutes (which is just Ben Stiller sitting at a piano) are audio only and last 20 seconds and curtain call are audio only as well (all with still images over the sound) due to ushers. Disc also includes interviews and opening night footage. A
How the Grinch Stole Christmas
11/11/09 ~ Los Angeles, CA
John Larroquette, Stefan Karl, James Royce Edwards, Melinda Glib, Danny Gurwin, Rosemary Loar, Issadora Tulalian, Stuart Zagnit
Very cute little show from the sitdown LA produciton with the "White Cast"; great capture with no obstructions although about 1 minute of wandering when the lights come up for the "sing along".
Nice video A-
How the Grinch Stole Christmas
12/16/12 ~ New York
Jeff McCarthy, Ken Land, Gilbert L. Bailey II, Tori Feinstein, Paul Aguirre, Natalie Hill, Philip Hoffman, Rosemary Loar
From the Theater at Madison Square Garden; a few blackouts lasting a few seconds long due to late seating; some slight wandering when the audience lights are on and everyone joins in for "You are a mean one, Mr Grinch"; nice video A-
How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying
1995 ~ Broadway
Incredible classic video; excellent picture and sound A
How To Succeed In Business Without Really Trying
1996 ~ US Tour
Ralph Macchio, Roger Bart, Shauna Hicks, Richard Thomsen, Pamela Blair, voice of Walter Cronkite
Recorded through the house camera, so it's a stationary full stage shot with sound patched directly from the sound board into the camera. Tour based on the recent Broadway revival. 2 DVDs B
How To Succeed In Business Without Really Trying
June 2002 ~ Music Theater of Wichita, KS
Charles Parker, Josh Prince, Garrett Long, Kristen Williams
Semi pro-shot, using one camera. Includes scanned program information. Very nice video 2 DVDs A-
How To Succeed In Business Without Really Trying
2/28/11 ~ Broadway
Daniel Radcliffe, John Larroquette, Tammy Blanchard, Rose Hemingway, Christopher J. Hanke, Rob Bartlett, Mary Faber, Ellen Harvey, Michael Park, Cameron Adams, Cleve Asbury, Tanya Birl, Kevin Cobert, Paige Fuere, David Hull, Justin Keyes, Marty Lawson, Erica Mansfield, Barrett Martin, Nick Mayo, Sarah O'Gleby, Stephanie Rothenberg, Megan Sikora, Michaeljohn Slinger, Joey Sorge, Matt Wall, Ryan Watkinson, Charlie Williams, Samantha Zack, Anderson Cooper
Fantastic video with no obstructions at all with great closeups throughout that features some material that has since been cut from the show; disc also includes around 45 minutes of reviews, opening night footage and interviews. A+
How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying
3/5/11 ~ Broadway
Daniel Radcliffe, John Larroquette, Rose Hemingway, Tammy Blanchard, Christopher J. Hanke, Rob Bartlett, Mary Faber, Ellen Harvey, Michael Park
Slightly shaky in a few parts, but nothing too bad. Act Two does not have a lot of close ups and mostly mid stage shots with no whiteouts; a total of about 4 minutes of black outs throughout the show; great sound and good video A- 2 DVDs
How To Succeed In Business Without Really Trying
1/11/12 matinee ~ Broadway
Darren Criss, Beau Bridges, Rose Hemingway, Tammy Blanchard, Christopher J. Hanke, Nick Mayo, Charlie Williams, Kevin Covert, Colt Prattes, Marty Lawson, Joey Sorge, David Hull, Andrew Madsen, Michael Park, Holly Ann Butler (u/s Smitty), Ellen Harvey, Shannon Lewis, J. Austin Eyer (u/s), Justin Keyes, Stephanie Rothenberg, Cameron Adams, Paige Faure, Tanya Birl, Samantha Zack, Cleve Asbury
Good video with closeups and stage shots; includes 30 minutes of interviews with Darren Criss; nice video A-
How To Succeed in Business Without Really Trying
1/11/12 evening ~ Broadway
Darren Criss, Beau Bridges, Rose Hemingway, Tammy Blanchard, Christopher J. Hanke, Michael Park, Holly Ann Butler (u/s Smitty), Ellen Harvey, Rob Bartlett
Excellent capture of Darren's three week stint with the show. Tons of excitement from the audience which made the cast sparkle even more. Show is top shape and video is clear and follows the action throughout; nice video 2 DVDs A
How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying
2/4/12 ~ Broadway
Nick Jonas, Beau Bridges, Rose Hemingway, Tammy Blanchard, Michael Urie, Mary Faber, Ellen Harvey, Michael Park, Rob Bartlett
Excellent capture with clear picture and sound; good closeups and very well filmed 2 DVDs A
Hugh Jackman: Back on Broadway
10/30/11 ~ Broadway
Hugh Jackman, Robin Campbell, Kearran Giovanni, Anne Otto, Lara Seibert, Hilary Michael Thompson, Emily Tyra
First couple of minutes audio only. Good video with some coverups and missed shots but otherwise a nice video; disc includes around 20 minutes of interviews B+
Hughie
1984 ~ Showtime TV
Jason Robards, Jack Dodson
Recorded in June 1981 at Hyde Park Festival Theater, NY. The premiere production of Eugene O'Neill's play, directed by Jose Quintero. Very good quality with very slight buzz in sound. DVD includes The South Bank Show featuring Noel Coward is also on the disk. A-
The Human Comedy
July 2006 ~ Pittsfield, MA
Debbie Boone, Heath Calvert, Eamon Foley, Cheryl Freeman,Andre Garner, Donald Grody
New piece, performed at the Boland Theatre in the Bershires. Mostly a full stage shot. Occasional heads at the bottom of the screen. A
The Hunchback of Notre Dame
11/8/14 ~ San Diego, CA
Michael Arden, Patrick Page, Ciara Renee, Andrew Samonsky, Erik Liberman, Neal Mayer, Lucas Coleman, William Michals, Samantha Massell, Ian Patrick Gibb, Richard Ruiz, Beth Kirkpatrick
A great capture of the American premiere at La Jolla Playhouse; excellent capture with no blackouts, obstructions, and little washout in some wide shots. Very clear picture and sound throughout; very nice video 2 DVDs A
Hunchback of Notre Dame
April 2015 ~ Papermill Playhoue
Michael Arden, Patrick Page, Ciara Renee, Andrew Samonsky, Erik Liberman, Julian Decker, Mary Joe Duggan, Ian Patrick Gibb, Beth Kirkpatrick, Samantha Massell, Neal Mayer, Nora Menken, William Michaels, Anise Ritchie, Vincent Rodriguez III, Richard Ruiz, Joseph J. Simone, Jeremy Stolle, Dashaun Young and the Continuo Arts Symphonic Chorus
The Hunting of the Snark
1987 ~ London
John Hurt, Mike Batt, Billy Connolly, Roger Daltrey, Justin Hayward, Julian Lennon, Midge Ure
Proshot Concert performed at Royal Albert Hall by the London Symphony Orchestra; clear picture and sound A
Hurlyburly
Ethan Hawke, Catherine Kellner, Parker Posey,Wallace Shawn
Excellent video with great picture and sound. A+
I Am A Camera
1955
RARE copy of the feature film adaptation of the Christopher Isherwood stage play w/ the Tony Winning Julie Harris playing ‘Sally Bowles.’ The basis for the musical CABARET (B&W)
DVD transfer from a VHS Factory copy -Video Release: 8/28/91
I Am Harvey Milk
Pro-Shot in 2013 featuring Andrew Lippa and the Gay Mens Chorus. on 2 DVDs.
I Am Harvey Milk: GMCLA 35th Anniversary
7/19/14 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Andrew Lippa, Alexandra Silber, Quinn Morrissey
Great capture with no washout, obstruction or blackouts; filmed in 16:9, mostly moving between wide shots to capture the chorus and close-ups to capture the soloists. Great clear picture and sound. Includes curtain call and playbill scans. Also included are 36 minutes of highlights of the Gay Men's Chorus of Los Angeles's 35th Anniversary Concert that preceded I Am Harvey Milk. Included songs are: Everyone Sang (by Siegfried Sassoon, Eric Helmuth), They Sang to Me (by Alan Shorter, Soloist Adonis Duque Abuyen), California Dreamin' (by John and Michelle Phillips), City of Angels (by Thirty Seconds to Mars, soloists Tom Hietter, Kris Fitzgerald, Santo C Ragno, Chris Etscheid, Dennis A Sambolin), Beautiful City (by Stephen Schwartz, Soloist Daniel Stewart), Nebula of Angels (by George Wallace, Dave Volpe), Never Ever (by Phillip Littell, Robert Seeley). 2 DVDs A
I Am My Own Wife
11/19/03 ~ Broadway
Great video, great show with lots of close ups. 1st generation from the master A
I Can Get It For You Wholesale
March 1991 ~ New York
Evan Pappas, Vicki Lewis, Carolee Carmello, Jim Brachitta, Alix Korey, Patti Karr
A production of the American Jewish Theatre. Filmed house right with no heads in the way; good clear sound and picture with excellent performances and new ending A
The Iceman Cometh
Unknown Date ~ TV
Jason Robards Jr., Myron McCormick, Tom Pedi, James Broderick, Farrell Pelly, Robert Redford, Roland Winters, Harrison Dowd, Michael Strong
Black and white televised version of Eugene O'Neil's play. A
The Iceman Cometh
4/26/12 ~ Chicago
Nathan Lane, Brian Dennehy, Stephen Ouimette, Marc Grapey, Salvatore Inzerillo, Larry Neumann, Jr., John Judd.
Great capture from the 2012 Goodman Theatre production, in which the full cast would transfer to BAM in 2015 to reprise their roles. Production ran four hours long, not including intermission! 2 DVDS
Idina Menzel
Today Show ~ Brave
The View ~ Brave
DVD also includes Kristin Chenoweth on Tonight Show (whole show of her sitting as a guest), Oscars ~ Red Carpet and Oscars ~ Performance
Idina Menzel
Idina choosing her favourite songs and includes 'Brave' video
Idina Menzel
8/4/08 ~ Milwaukee, WI
The I Stand Tour; songs Include: I Stand, Don't Let Me Down, Where Do I Begin, Better To Have Loved, Here, Brave, My Own Worst Enemy, Devorah, Wedding Singer Montage pt 1, Embrace Me, Wedding Singer Montage pt 2, No Day But Today, Roxanne, Forever, Band Intros, For Good (a cappella), Gorgeous, A Story About Milwaukee, Defying Gravity. This is from a different string of concerts than her most recent set. She does a terrific job and so great to watch and listen to on stage.
There is one four minute spot between songs, where she is talking that is audio only. About 90 minutes long A
Idina Menzel
11/3/08 ~ Platteville, WI
Beautiful concert with no obstructions with songs she rarely performed on concert setlists. Songs include: Don't Let Me Down, Here, Heartbreaker, Brave, Devorah/Rise Up, Embraceable You, No Day but Today, Where Do I Begin, I Feel Everything, Company, I Stand/Get p Stand Up, For Good, Gorgeous, Kiss from a Rose, Defying Gravity
Idina Menzel
Soundstage Concert Promo version... Pro-shot, with Promo strip going along bottom
Also a copy that was aired on Channel 11 WTTW Chicago
Both are A+
10/29/10 ~ Washington, D.C.
Idina Menzel with Marvin Hamlisch as conductor
Songs Include: The Life of the Party, I'm Not That Girl, Love For Sale/Roxanne, Funny Girl, Don't Rain On My Parade, Asleep on the Wind, No Day But Today, Poker Face, Gorgeous, Good Morning Walker/I Feel So Smoochie, For Good (a cappella), Defying Gravity, What I Did For Love. Beautiful concert of song and story from Idina, with everything nicely capture. A
Idina Menzel
1/9/12 ~ TV
Idina Menzel Live ~ Barefoot at the Symphony, interviews with Idina throughout about buying the DVD. Recorded for TV, was aired on Channel 11 WTTW Chicago.
Idina Menzel
Chicago Tonight, Idina Menzel talks about Barefoot at the Symphony.
Idina Menzel
6/20/13 ~ Milwaukee
Concert Set List: Somewhere Over The Rainbow, The Wizard and I, Love for Sale / Roxanne (dialouge before song is blackout), Both Sides Now, Don't Rain on My Parade (blackout, audio only), God Save My Soul, I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For / In Your Eyes, Take Me or Leave Me, No Day But Today, For Good, Defying Gravity, Learn To Live Without, Somewhere. Beautiful lengthy HD captured concert with an insane "fan" for the Duet portion. Also includes an Encore of a new song from If/Then. A
I Do! I Do!
3/8/14 ~ Broadway
Idina Menzel, LaChanze, Anthony Rapp, James Snyder, Jerry Dixon, Jenn Colella, Jason Tam, Tamika Lawrence
Beautiful HD capture with no obstructions. Has some variations from the PreBroadway version, including cut songs, added songs and scenes. This version seems more streamlined and a great piece. 2 DVDs A
If/Then
5/16/14 ~ Broadway
Jackie Burns (u/s), LaChanze, Anthony Rapp, James Snyder, Jerry Dixon, Jenn Colella, Jason Tam, Tamika Lawrence
A little over 1 hour 30 minutes of the show. As an Idina fan, I actually don't mind Jackie in the role at all. She kinda looks a little like Idina, so that helps. Nice to hear the songs with different riffs at the end. Email privately for more details.
LIMITED TRADES
If/Then
5/25/14 ~ Broadway
Idina Menzel, Anthony Rapp, LaChanze, James Snyder, Jerry Dixon, Jenn Colella, Marc dela Cruz (u/s David), Tamika Lawrence, Joe Cassidy, Miguel Cervantes, Curtis Holbrook, Stephanie Klemons, Tyler McGee, Ryann Redmond, Joe Aaron Reid, Ann Sanders
A couple quick dropouts during the prologue and What If?, and the first half of act one is a bit shaky, but improves as the show goes on; one head that obstructs a small portion of the front of the stage, but it never blocks more than the actors' feet and it's rarely noticeable overall; no washout, and excellent sound; filmed in 16:9 with a mix of wides, mediums, and close-ups. Includes curtain call 2 DVDs A-
If/Then
7/27/14 ~ Broadway (Matinee)
Idina Menzel (Elizabeth), LaChanze (Kate), Curtis Holbrook (u/s Lucas), James Snyder (Josh), Jerry Dixon (Stephen), Jenn Colella (Anne), Jason Tam (David), Stephanie Klemons (u/s Elena)
Act 1 is mostly complete minus a few black outs, cover ups due to late comers, it's quite shakey at the start while trying to focus in on the zoom. A few heads in the way but shot around them very well. First act is 1 hour 15+ minutes and second act minus "Hey Kid" is little over an hour. Excellent Audio. 2 DVDs A-
LIMITED TRADES
If/Then
8/30/14 ~ Broadway
Jackie Burns (s/b Elizabeth), Charles Hagerty (u/s Josh), Curtis Holbrook, LaChanze, Jenn Colella, Jerry Dixon, Jason Tam, Tamika Lawrence
Stunning HD capture of Jackie and Charles in the lead roles. Great capture with no obstructions with clear sound and excellent picture throughout 2 DVDs A
If/Then
2/22/15 ~ Broadway
Jackie Burns as (s/b) Elizabeth, LaChanze, Anthony Rapp, James Snyder, Jerry Dixon, DeeDee Magno Hall as (u/s) Anne, Jason Tam, Tamika Lawrence.
Excellent HD capture of one of Jackie's final performances. This day promo footage was being filmed and her parents were sitting right behind me. She held the final note in Starting Over for 19 seconds, such a wonderful performance! 2 DVDs
If There Is I Haven't Found It Yet
9/13/12 ~ New York
Jake Gyllenhaal, Annie Funke, Michelle Gomez, Brian F. O'Bryne
Good video with clear picture and sound; the last 10 minutes of this video are from 9/19/12 A
I Had A Ball
Unsung Musicals Company with Bruce Vilanch
I Hate Hamlet
2005 ~ Rialto Players
John Barrymore (Jeffrey D. Deards), Andrew Rally (Doug Kiphut), Lilian Troy (Candy Kane), Gary Peter Lefkowitz (Marlon Gilbert)
Pro Shot
I Have A Song To Sing O
1987 ~ Australia
Anthony Warlow
One man show. A theatrical biography of George Grossmith, the creator of most of W.S. Gilbert and Arthur Sullivan's comic baritone roles and the author of the classic Diary Of A Nobody. Very well filmed from the balcony, with some minimal generational loss. B+
IKEA on the Rocks
Mathias Edenborn, Andreas Björkman, Marjan Shaki, Carin Filipcic, Zoltan Roman
A-
11/20/14 ~ PBS Television New York
Denis O'Hare
Filmed in March 2012 for Channel Thirteen (New York City's local PBS affiliate) new series called Theater Close-Up, an adaptation of Homer's 24-book poem about the Trojan War, performed at New York Theatre Workshop A
I’ll Eat You Last: A Chat With Sue Mengers
5/10/13 ~ Broadway
Bette Midler (Sue Mengers)
This is a very enjoyable play and Bette Midler gives a charming, charismatic performance! This is almost perfectly filmed, completely unobstructed, focused and very steady with just a few adjustments. 2 DVDs A
I Love Lucy: Live on Stage
10/17/12 ~ Chicago, IL
Sirena Irwin, Bill Mendieta, Curtis Pettyjohn, Joanna Daniels
Beautiful HD capture with no obstructions. A play that replicates the audience being at the taping of two episodes of the show. Includes commercials between scenes as if you were at a live taping. Nice clear video with good sound A
I Love You, You're Perfect, Now Change
July 2007 ~ Newcastle, Australia
Dez Robertson, Anne Rzechowicz, Rob Vidler, Susan Dredge, Derek Fisher, Katie Wright
Good picture, filmed on a tripod, with lots of zooms and close-ups. Nice video A
I Love You, You're Perfect, Now Change
April 2011 ~ Atlanta, GA
Diane Mitchell, Ty Richey, Nylsa Dunbar, Sam Gentry
Very good quality. Lots of close ups and full stage shots. Some blurring because of lighting, but it clears quickly. A
Imagine This
2008 ~ London
Peter Polycarpou, Leila Benn Harris, Sevan Stephan, Sarah Ingram, Bernard Lloyd, Cameron Leigh, Michael Matus
Pro-shot video of the original London cast; great clear picture and sound; very nice video A+
The Importance of Being Earnest
2/5/11 ~ Broadway
Brian Bedford, Dana Ivey, Paxton Whitehead, Amanda Leigh Cobb, Santino Fontana, David Furr, Tim MacDonald, Paul O'Brien,Charlotte Parry, Sara Topham
Railing at the bottom of the screen present in wide/medium shots with one brief blackout in Act One; extreme sides are obstructed by a head; disc includes 20 minutes of Opening Night footage and Interviews. A-
In A Dark Dark House
5/20/07 ~ New York
Ron Livingston, Louisa Krause and Frederick Weller
Mostly wide shots for the first 1/2 hour but taper was close so it doesnt lose anything; lots of close ups after that with great sound throughout; includes review on NY1 A
In Gay Company
Peggy Gordon,Arne Gunderson, Michael McAssey, Michael Rotondi, Jim Scopeletis
Pro shot video with some generation loss; good sound and closeups; nice video B+
In My Life
10/12/05 ~ Broadway
Christopher Hanke, Courtney Balan (u/s)
Shot from the orchestra with not too many heads in the way for an orchestra shot A
In My Life
12/11/05 ~ Broadway
Christopher J. Hanke, Jessica Boevers, Chiara Navarra, David Turner, Michael J. Farina, Laura Jordan, Roberta Gumbel, Michael Halling, Courtney Balan, Carmen Keels
Final Broadway performance; great video with great sound; some spotlight washout but great close-ups A+
Inside the Actor's Studio: Glee
Bravo -- April 10, 2012
James Lipton interviews the cast of "Glee", Lea Michele, Matthew Morrison, Jayne Lynch, Chris Colfer, Cory Monteith and series co-creator Ryan Murphy, 1 hour
The Intelligent Homosexual's Guide to Capitalism and Socialism with a Key to the Scriptures
6/1/14 ~ Berkeley, CA
Mark Margolis, Liz Wisan, Lou Liberatore, Joseph J Parks, Randy Danson, Jordan Geiger, Tyrone Mitchell Henderson, Anthony Fusco, Deirdre Lovejoy, Tina Chilip, Robynn Rodriguez
Well filmed in 16:9 with no washout or obstruction and a steady mix of wides, mediums, and close-ups; first minute or so of act two is blacked out; includes curtain call 3 DVDs A
In the Beginning
Summer 2000 ~ San Francisco, CA
Tanya Shaffer, Jon Marshall, Kevin Blackton, George McRae, Tara Blau, Ron Picket, CJ Blankenship, Cindy Goldfield, Diana Torres Koss, Melanie Slivka
From the Willows Theater production, In the Beginning is the reworked 1-2-3-4-5, with the Larry Gelbart book replaced by one by David W. Hahn. Well filmed and clear sound B+
In The Heights
2/14/08 ~ Broadway
Andrea Burns, Janet Dacal, Robin De Jesus, Carlos Gomez, Mandy Gonzales, Christopher Jackson, Priscilla Lopez, Olga Merediz, Lin-Manuel Miranda, Karen Olivo, Seth Stewart
First preview of this show that was recently at 37Arts. Great video with closeups, as well as fullstage for most of the ensemble numbers; starts off a bit shaky but improves greatly; only about a minute of coverups all together. B+
In The Heights
3/5/08 ~ Broadway
Javier Munoz (u/s Usnavi), Andrea Burns, Robin De Jesus, Carlos Gomez, Mandy Gonzales, Christopher Jackson, Priscilla Lopez, Olga Merediz, Karan Olivo
Great capture of this great show. Javier does a nice job; good closeups and sound and excellent video A
In the Heights
5/18/08 ~ Broadway
Krysta Rodriguez (u/s Vanessa), Seth Stewart, Lin-Manuel Miranda, Olga Merediz, Stephanie Klemons (u/s Carla), Andrea Burns, Priscilla Lopez, Carlos Gomez, Robin De Jesus, Mandy Gonzales, Christopher Jackson
Brief coverup for latecomers; no heads in the way; clear picture with closeups and good sound; nice video A-
In The Heights
11/2/08 ~ Broadway
Seth Stewart, Lin-Manuel Miranda, Eliseo Roman, Doreen Montalvo (u/s Abuela Claudia), Krysta Rodriguez (u/s Carla), Andrea Burns, Carlos Gomez, Priscilla Lopez, Robin de Jesus, Christopher Jackson, Janet Dacal (u/s Vanessa), Mandy Gonzalez, Doreen Montalvo,Tony Chiroldes, Noemi del Rio, Rosie Lani Fiedelman, Marcus Paul James, Stephanie Klemons, Nina Lafarga, Javier Munoz, Luis Salgado, Shaun Taylor-Corbett, Rickey Tripp
Act I is about 30 minutes of highlights and contains the following songs: It Won't Be Long Now, No Me Diga, 96,000, Pacienciay Fe,The Club, Fireworks, Act II is complete and includes Lin-Manuel Miranda's post-show Actors Fund speech; a brief coverup and a rare head in the way; nice video B+
In The Heights
3/25/09 ~ Broadway
Shaun Taylor-Corbett (u/s Usnavi), Mandy Gonzalez, Marcy Harriel, Rick Negron, Blanca Camacho (u/s Abuela),Tony Chiroldes (u/s Piragua Guy)
Okay video; full audio with total of seven minutes of coverups, which occur mostly in act one up until "Pacience y Fe" Coverups during the beginning of "Benny's Dispatch", "It Won't Be Long Now" and the last half of "96,000." Act two only has blackouts during clapping sometimes. B
In the Heights
12/16/09 ~ Chicago, IL
Kyle Beltran, Natalie Toro, Arielle Jacobs, Yvette Gonzalez-Nacer, Rogelio Douglas Jr., Daniel Bolero, Isabel Santiago, Elise Santora
Beautiful capture of the tour cast towards the beginning of the run. Great performances; clear video with good picture and sound A
In the Heights
8/10/10 ~ Costa Mesa, CA
Joseph Morales, Lexi Lawson, Arielle Jacobs, Rogelio Douglas, Jr., Elise Santora, Christopher Chatman, Genny Lis Padilla, Isabel Santiago, Natalie Toro, Danny Bolero, David Baida, Jose-Luis Lopez
Nice capture of the tour after some cast changes; first minute or so of each act is blacked out and one quick drop out between In the Heights and Breathe, otherwise complete; some washout in the wides, but not bad; excellent sound and great picture and closeups 2 DVDs A
In The Heights
8/21/10 ~ Broadway
Kyle Beltran, Jordin Sparks, Clifton Oliver, Marcy Harriell, Doreen Montalvo (u/s Daniela), Shaun Taylor-Corbett, Olga Merediz, Courtney Reed, Priscilla Lopez, Rick Negron, Jon Rua
Really nice capture of Jordin Spark's wonderful performance as Nina. Only one or two coverups that last for under three seconds each; great video with good sound A
In the Heights
3/30/14 ~ Thousand Oaks, CA
Lano Medina, Ayme Olivo, Frank Authello Andrus Jr., Rachae Thomas, Tami Dahbura, Benjamin Perez, Celina Clarich Polanco, Robert Ramirez, Chala Savino, Anna Gabrielle Gonzalez, Jose-Luis Lopez, Jonathan Arana
Nice video with no washout, obstruction or blackouts; a couple scenes are a little dark, particularly The Club; steady clear video and excellent sound; filmed in 16:9 with a mix of wides, mediums, and close-ups. Includes curtain call. 2 DVDs A
In the Next Room or the Vibrator Play
10/3/10 ~ Costa Mesa, CA
Kathleen Early, Andrew Borba, Libby West, Rebecca Mozo, Tom Shelton, Tracey A Leigh, Ron Menzel
Some obstruction from one head; two short blackouts in act one, but the rest of the show is intact; low sound at times but everything can be heard; filmed in 16:9 with a mix of wides, mediums, and close-ups. Includes curtain call. 2 DVDs A
Intimate Apparel
Viola Davis, Arija Barelkis, Lynda Gravatt, Russell Hornsby, Corey Stoll, Lauren Velez
Great quality video with the usual excellent picture and sound quality. A
Intimate Apparel
11/25/12 ~ Pasadena, CA
Vanessa Williams, Dawnn Lewis, Angel Reda, David St. Louis, Adam J. Smith, Kristy Johnson
A bit shaky in a couple places, but there is no obstruction and no washout; some short dropouts throughout the show, especially in act one, but none last more than a minute and most are under 30 seconds. Filmed in 16:9 with a mix of wides, mediums, and close-ups; sound a bit quiet in places, but clear; good video 2 DVDs A-
Into The Light
10/26/86 ~ Broadway
Dean Jones, Thomas Batten, Susan Bigelow, Alan Brasington, Lenny Wolpe. RARE! “James Prescott, a sceptical physicist from Los Alamos, belongs to an American scientific expedition attempting to determine the truth or otherwise of the Turin Shroud, the linen relic revered by true believers as Jesus' burial cloth. James's obsession with his scientific mission leads him to neglect his wife, Kate, and young son, Matthew, for the lab. The son, to compensate for his father's absence, places his faith in a jolly fantasy friend whom no one else can see”. Broadway flop with just 6 official performances. From Frank Rich’s New York Times review: “No star can carry a show that asks whether God is dead in a manner that's likely to bore Him to death if He's not.” Well filmed, with mostly wide shots. Surprisingly good for a tape of it’s age, but some generational loss. Filmed at the show’s final performance. A-
Into the Woods
Old Globe Theater in San Diego ~ Pre Broadway
Joanna Gleason, Chip Zien, Chuck Wagner, Ben Wright
Pre-New York workshop very different from final Broadway show. Different lyrics and songs, very interesting to study and enjoy to compare to original and revivals. Example, Baker’s wife dies from poison apple, not Giant. Picture fuzzy, not always focused on stage at first but gets better but not great. D
Into the Woods
1987 ~ Broadway
Bernadette Peters, Chip Zien, Joanna Gleason, Tom Aldredge, Robert Westenberg, Kim Crosby, Danielle Ferland, Ben Wright, Barbara Byrne, Pamela Winslow, Chuck Wagner, Merle Louise, Kay McClelland, Lauren Mitchell, Phillip Hoffman, Joy Franz, Edmund Lyndeck
Pro Shot for PBS. This was a release in China as the subtitles are in Chinese (though you do have options of turning the chapter titles from Chinese to English). Performed in English. An absolutely beautiful DVD of a wonderful show and production. Even if you’ve don’t know the show, if you’re a fan of theater, you should own this! A++
Into the Woods
1989 ~ Broadway
Betsy Joslyn, Dick Cavett, Chip Zien, Chuck Wagner, Barbara Bryne, Ben Wright, Danielle Ferland, Kim Crosby
Broadway Highlights nicely filmed, about an hour long; Cavett was new and didn’t know all of the lines yet Dark at times but nice and rare B+
Into the Woods
1990 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Cleo Laine, Charlotte Rae, Mary Gordon Murray, Ray Gill, Rex Robbins, Kathleen Rowe McAllen, Chuck Wagner, Douglas Sills
National Touring company; good quality with some generation loss with good sound; good video; B+
Into the Woods
2/16/92 ~ Seattle, WA
Jim Vale
Filmed at the Seattle Civic Light Opera; semi-pro shot; single camera on tripod; not always looking at the right part of the stage shot but generally fine; very good production and performances, but the princes look exactly the same which is odd. Nice video A-
Into The Woods
1993 ~ Wytenshaw, England
Caroline O'Conner, Grania Renihan, Glyn Kerslake, Charles Foster, Fenton Gray, Barry James, Di Botcher, Lindsey Dawson
Very well filmed, extremely clear video. Almost looks pro shot with nice closeups and good sound A
Into the Woods
11/12/94 ~ New Zealand
Cast Unknown
A nice presentation by the Watershed Theatre, Auckland filmed using two cameras on a tripod. Suffers from some generation loss but still a very nice DVD. A-
Into the Woods
Summer 1995 ~ Plays in the Park. NJ
Good video with excellent picture and sound 2 DVDs A
Into the Woods Reunion Concert
11/9/97 ~ Broadway
Bernadette Peters, Joanna Gleason, Chip Zien, Tom Aldredge, Kim Crosby, Barbara Bryne, Chuck Wagner, Ben Wright
Excellent quality A
Into the Woods
March 2001 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Susannah Hall, Erik McEwen, Benita Schekel, Stan Chandler, Kirsten Benton, Jodi Julian, Caroline Rath, Lindsay Martin, Jennifer Young, Paul Green
Performance Riverside proshot archive video; nicely filmed with great sound and excellent closeups; good video A
Into the Woods
2/15/02 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Vanessa Williams, Laura Benanti, John McMartin, Stephen DeRosa, Kerry O'Malley, Adam Wylie, Molly Ephraim, Gregg Edelman
Digital video; nice picture and sound! A
Into the Woods
4/13/02 ~ Broadway
Vanessa Williams, Laura Benanti, John McMartin, Stephen DeRosa, Kerry O’Malley, Adam Wylie, Molly Ephraim, Gregg Edelman
Fantastic video - “Hello Little Girl” staged differently A+
Into the Woods
5/16/02 ~ Broadway
Vanessa Williams, Laura Benanti, John McMartin, Stephen DeRosa, Kerry O'Malley, Adam Wylie, Molly Ephraim, Gregg Edelman
Great digital video with nice picture and sound; A
Into the Woods
December 2005 ~ Palo Alto
Danny Duncan (Narrator), Mary Workman (Cinderella), Ron Pickett, (Jack), Jack Davis (Baker), Christine McHugh (Baker's Wife)
B+ Pro Shot
Into the Woods
8/9/09 ~ Pittsburgh, PA
Beth Leavel, Hunter Foster, Brynn O'Malley, Sara Jean Ford, Jen Cody, Stanley Bahorek,Tim Hartman, Betsy Lawrence, Kaitlyn Davidson, Kevin Earley, Elise Santora, Lauren Sprague, Greggory Brandt, Stephen Carrasco, Steffi Garrard, Stephanie Maloney, Paul Palmer, Kathryn Lin Terza, Tracy Groth
Filmed in 16:9 widescreen; a couple of minor obstructions but only in the wider shots and most filming is mid-zoom and close shots; almost no blackouts except during applause and filming is fairly steady. Good video A
Into The Woods
2010 ~ London
Eddie Manning, Helen Dallimore, Ben Stott, Mark Hadfield, Jenna Russell, Gaye Brown, Amy Ellen Richardson, Amy Griffiths, Marilyn Cutts, Bevery Rudd, Hannah Waddingham, Gemma Wardle,
Billy Boyle, Michael Xavier, Valda Aviks, Alice Fearn, Simon Thomas, Mark Goldthorp, Sophie Caton, Marc Antolin
Proshot for internet viewing from the Regents Park Open Air Theatre production; it is a kinescope shot with a 1080 HD camera with sound patched in from the source It's not perfect, with some white-out, but very watchable. 2 DVDs A-
Into the Woods
7/29/12 ~ Central Park
Donna Murphy, Amy Adams, Chip Zien, Denis O'Hare, Gideon Glick, Jessie Mueller, Sarah Stiles, Ellen Harvey, Ivan Hernandez, Josh Lamon, Laura Shoop, Tess Soltau, Kristine Zbornik, Jack Broderick, Eric Williams (u/s Rapunzel's Prince), Glenn Close
Great HD capture of the much hyped Shakespeare in the Park Production. Beautifully thought out and executed production with a few flubs and bloopers that are hilarious; a few short parts in act one within the first 30 minutes are shot between heads where the action at the very lip of the stage is missed, but very few things went that far forward and picture improves after 30 minutes when it got dark; first minute of the show is missing; great video with HD picture and clear sound 2 DVDs A-
Into the Woods
5/3/14 ~ Fullerton, CA
Bets Malone, Jeff Skowron, Viva Carr, Jeanette Dawson, Tim Martin Gleason, Julie Morgentaler, Jordan Lamoureux, Tracy Rowe Mutz, David Allen Jones, Christanna Rowader, Cameron Sczempka, Lisa Dyson, Melina Kalomas, Melanie Mockobey, Cliff Senior, Leslie Stevens, Mueen Jahan, Renna Nightingale, Allison Sheppard, Sally Struthers
Extremely well filmed with no washout, obstruction or blackouts; a bit dark overall, but nothing is missed; steadly filmed in 16:9 video and excellent sound; includes curtain call. 2 DVDs A
Into the Woods
7/27/14 ~ San Diego, CA
Alison Cimmet, Ben Steinfeld, Jessie Austrian, Claire Karpen, Noah Brody, Emily Young, Patrick Mulryan, Liz Hayes, Paul L Coffey, Andy Grotelueschen, Matt Castle
Great capture of this quirky production at The Old Globe before it transferred off-Broadway; well captured from start to finish with no blackouts, obstruction, or washout; excellent clear picture and sound and includes curtain call; very good video 2 DVDs A
Into the Woods Reunion
11/9/14 ~ Costa Mesa, CA
Stephen Sondheim, James Lapine, Bernadette Peters, Joanna Gleason, Chip Zien, Robert Westenberg, Kim Crosby, Danielle Ferland, Ben Wright
Moderated by Mo Rocca, a great capture of this historic reunion in Costa Mesa. The cast and creative team sits down to talk about their experiences and what they're doing now, as well as perform songs from the show. The reminiscing includes discussions of the Wolf's pendulous anatomy, cut scenes/songs, backstage secrets, and a potential sequel; perfectly captured from start to finish with no blackouts, obstructions and washout; excellent clear picture and sound 2 DVDs A
Into the Woods
12/16/14 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Miriam A Laube, Jeff Skowron, Rachael Warren, Jennie Greenberry, Jeremy Peter Johnson, Howie Seago, Kjerstine Rose Anderson, Miles Fletcher, Robin Goodrin Nordli, John Vickery, Royer Bockus, John Tufts, Catherine E. Coulson, Katie Bradley, Christiana Clark, Mauro Hantman
From the Oregon Shakespeare Festival's production performed at The Wallis Annenberg Center in Los Angeles; re-imagined version is very different but interesting and fun; show was stopped during the Act Two Finale for a medical emergency in the audience, but continues without a hitch; no washout, one short blackout, and no obstruction; first two and a half minutes of Act One are blacked out, but after that complete; nice close-ups and stage shots; very good video 2 DVDs A
The Invention of Love
Robert Sean Leonard, Richard Easton, Daniel Davis, Neal Dodson, Mireille Enos
Good quality video; excellent closeups and sound, 2 DVDs A
Inventing Mary Martin: The Revue Of A Lifetime
5/17/14 ~ New York
Jason Graae, Emily Skinner, Cameron Adams, Lynne Halliday
Presented by the York Theatre Company. The filmer recorded the show from a camcorder he set up on his armrest, so there are heads in the bottom half of the frame, but much of the show is captured well; disc also includes the Talk Back portion, after the show, with writer/director Stephen Cole, and music supervisor David Krane. In the audience is Alice Hammerstein (Oscar's daughter), and Cole and Krane sing a special song for her on her 93rd birthday. B
I Remember Mama
December 2006 ~ Toronto, Canada
Caroline Moro-Dalicandro, David Haines, Larry Westlake, Andrea Barker, Kelly Sanders, Dean Deffett, Susan Sanders
Pro shot video by Toronto Civic Light Opera; good clear video with excellent picture and sound; good video A
The Irish...And How They Got That Way
1997 ~ PBS-TV
Terry Donnelly, Marian Tomas Griffin, Ciaran O'Reilly, Rusty Magee, Bob Green. "The Irish...And How They Got That Way is a video recording of a stage production by Frank McCourt, the celebrated author of Angela's Ashes, at the Irish Repertory Theatre in New York. The two-hour-long show features five performers (one of them McCourt's niece) celebrating the Irish-American immigrant experience in word and music against the backdrop of a historical sideshow. Act I recounts British oppression of the Irish, culminating in the Potato Famine and waves of mass immigration to the United States. Act II focuses on the Irish contribution to American society as fighters in the Civil War, martyrs in the labor movement, as entertainers, and as statesmen. Fans of Frank McCourt will appreciate the trademark humor and irreverence that flows throughout." A
Irma La Douce
2004 ~ The Netherlands
Beautifully filmed from the balcony.
Great picture and clear sound; it almost looks like a pro-shot video. Revival of the 1960's musical. In Dutch. A
Iron
12/17/03 ~ New York
John Cureiss, Jennifer Dundass, Lisa Emery, Susan Pourfar
Well filmed and crystal clear with amazing close ups. A little dark at times due to the stage lighting. Presented at New York's Manhattan Theatre Club. A
Is He Dead?
1/26/08 ~ Broadway
Norbert Leo Butz, Jenn Gambatese, John McMartin, Mary Louise Burke, David Pittu, Michael McGrath, Tom Alan Robbins, Bridget Regan, Byron Jennings, Jeremy Bobb, Patricia Conolly
A moment or two of full stage shots due to ushers; good video the rest of the way with nice picture and sound A
Is There Life After High School?
1982 ~ New York
Raymond Baker, Cynthia Carle,Alma Cuervo, Sandy Faison, Harry Groener, Philip Hoffman, David Patrick Kelly, Maureen Silliman, James Widdoes
Recorded from the balcony. Even though this show only had a 6 performance run Off-Broadway, it has gone on to successfully play regional theatres, college campuses and community theatres the world over. Blackouts for the first minute or two. Some generational loss. Disc also includes a short Entertainment Tonight piece on Oh! Calcutta! becoming the world's longest running musical. B
It’s A Bird, It’s A Plane... It’s Superman
1975 ~ ABC TV Movie
Leslie Ann Warren, Kenneth Mars, Lorretta Swit, David Wayne, David Wilson
Excellent quality despite its age A
It's A Bird, It's A Plane, It's Superman!
6/27/92 ~ East Haddam, CT
Gary Jackson, Kay McClelland, Jaime Ross, Gabrielle Barre
A production of the Goodspeed Opera House. Nice production. Filmed from the Orchestra section about 6 rows from the stage. Heads along the bottom throughout the video. Some generational loss and spot light washout. C
It's A Bird, It's A Plane, It's Superman! - Encores!
3/21/13 ~ New York
Edward Watts, Jenny Powers, Will Swenson, Alli Mauzey, David Pittu, Craig Hennigsen, Suo Liu, Adam Monley, Jason Ng, James Saito, Scott Weber, Wendi Bergamini, Ward Billeisen, Sam Bolen, Stephen Carrasco, Hannah Florence, Sara Jean Ford, Miles Johnson, Max Kumangai, Samantha Massell, Skye Mattox, Kenita R. Miller, Michael Mindlin, Jessica Lea Patty, David Scott Purdy, Manuel Stark, Charlie Williams, Kristen Wyatt, Samantha Zack
Very brief blackout and missing 15 seconds after a song in Act 2 due to a battery problem. Good video A-
It's Only a Play
12/29/14 ~ Broadway
Nathan Lane, Matthew Broderick, Megan Mullally,Stockard Channing, Rupert Grint, F Murray Abraham, Micah Stock
Most of the first 26 minutes of Act One are blacked out but complete after that with a head that can occasionally be seen at the bottom of the screen but does not affect the action. Sound is good overall, but slightly low with some shuffling and static but all of the dialogue can be heard. 2 DVDs B+
It's Only a Play
1/31/15 ~ Broadway
Matthew Broderick, Martin Short, Stockard Channing, Katie Finneran, F. Murray Abraham, Maulik Pancholy, Micah Stock
Beautiful HD capture of this hilarious play; clear picture and good sound, nice video 2 DVDs A
It Shoulda Been You
4/11/15 ~ Broadway
Sierra Boggess, Tyne Daly, Harriet Harris, Lisa Howard, David Burtka, Montego Glover, Josh Girsetti, Adam Heller, Edward Hibbert, Michael X. Martin, Anne L. Nathan, Nick Spangler, Chip Zien
A head on the left side of the stage is shot around nicely, but it is present when action is over near it.
It Shoulda Been You
7/21/15 ~ Broadway
Sierra Boggess, Tyne Daly, Harriet Harris, Chip Zien, Edward Hibbert, Lisa Howard, Montego Glover, Brian Howard, Josh Grisetti, Adam Heller, Michael X. Martin, Nick Spangler, Anne L. Nathan
Gorgeous HD video with clear picture and excellent sound; very nice video with the updated cast A
It Started With A Dream...
A Celebration Of The Life And Music Of Cy Coleman
5/25/05 ~ New York
Lucie Arnaz, Stephen Bogardus, Mike Burstyn, Robert Goulet, Randy Graff, Gary Haase, Sheldon Harnick, Dee Hoty, Judy Kaye, Michele Lee, Michael Mark, Dana Moore, James Naughton, Stephanie Pope Caffey, Chita Rivera, Neil Simon, Elaine Stritch, Lillias White, Buddy Williams,Tom Wopat, David Zippel
A benefit concert to support New York's 92nd Street Y. Pro-shot for video. A+
Jack and the Beanstalk
11/12/56 ~ Producers Showcase / NBC Television
Joel Grey, Celeste Holm, Billy Gilbert
Black and white video; good quality with nice picture and sound for its age; good video A-
Jack The Ripper
February 2007 ~ Gummersbach, Germany
Ulrich Bärenfänger (Jack the Ripper), Claus Opitz (Joseph Carey Merrick), Frauke Harder (Queen Victoria), Alexander Blumberg (Prince Albert), Peter Kröner (Butler), Silke Benninghaus (Miss Reynolds), René Baltes (Police Constable Smith).
Proshot archive recording for the theater group, filmed on three cameras. Excellent audio and video quality. *In German*
Jacques Brel is Alive and Well and Living in Paris
10/7/06 ~ New York
Drew Sarich, Anne Mandrella, Robert Cuccioli
Act One only; clear picture and sound, very nice quality; well filmed with cool menus; only video out there. A
Jacques Brel Is Alive and Well and Living in Paris
November 2014 ~ London
Gina Beck, Daniel Boys, David Burt, Eve Polycarpou
Filmed from the back of the theatre with a great view of the stage. The show's light design (no spotlights on the performers) made it more difficult to film and to see at times, but it's still a very good video, following the action well throughout the show. Good clear sound throughout 2 DVDs A
James Joyce’s The Dead
12/30/99 ~ Broadway
Blair Brown, Daisy Eagan, Alice Ripley, Emily Skinner, Stephen Spinella, Christopher Walken
Good quality; occasional close-ups, good video B+
Jane Eyre
11/25/00 ~ Broadway
Marla Schaffel, James Barbour, Mary Stout, Gina Lamparella (u/s)
Digital video, great picture and sound, great view of entire stage, scenery, and lighting; curtain call is included A
Jane Eyre
4/18/01 ~ Broadway
Marla Schaffel (Jane Eyre), James Barbour (Edward Rochester), Lisa Musser (Young Jane), Lee Zarrett (Young John Reed), Gina Ferrall (Mrs Reed/ Lady Ingram), Don Richard (Mr Brocklehurst / Colonel Dent / Vicar), Mary Stout (Mrs. Fairfax/ Marigold), Jayne Peterson (Helen Burns / Mary Ingram), Bruce Dow (Robert), Andrea Bowen (Adele).
Steady, clear shot. Really nice close ups. 2 DVDs A-
Jane Eyre
5/20/01 ~ Broadway
Marla Schaffel, James Barbour, Mary Stout, Elizabeth DeGrazia, Lee Zarrett (u/s)
Shot from second row front mezzanine, steady and clear, mostly zooms and close-ups. Video includes the 2001 Easter Bonnets skit after the show A
Jason Robert Brown in Concert
4/28/01 ~ Cooper Union, NYC
JRB sings his greatest hits, and some other weird things he wrote, with Andrea Burns, David Pittu, Jill Geddes, and a cast of nearly a dozen. Lots of closeups since that's the only way to get around heads. Great show, JRB is a funny funny man A
Jason Robert Brown in Concert
10/25/02 ~ Cooper Union, NYC
Similar to the first concert, but there's a 60-piece choir backing him up. Also performing: Lauren Kennedy, Keith Byron Kirk, Adriane Lenox. Shot from last row center, no heads in the way this time. A
Jawbreaker: The Musical
7/29/10 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Shoshana Bean, Eden Espinosa, Jenna Leigh Green, Megan Hilty, Katie Thompson, Marty Thomas, James Snyder, Elizabeth Brackenbury, Aynsley Bubbico, Scarlett Cherry, Deborah S. Craig, Nick Galbraith, Katie Kern, Jen Malenke, Lesli Margherita, Vic Mazzone, Aaron Neely, Leslie Odom, Jr., Jackie Seiden
This musical is performed as a staged concert reading. Rather than one person per role, the concert is done with some of Broadway's best alternating in the roles. Shot from the front of the venue. The show was old out and everyone was literally packed in like sardines, so some head obstructions here and there, but the taper was able to work around them well and managed to get good coverage and close ups that made for a good capture. Nice video A
Jawbreaker: The Musical
7/30/10 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Shoshana Bean, Eden Espinosa, Jenna Leigh Green, Megan Hilty, Katie Thompson, Marty Thomas, James Snyder, Elizabeth Brackenbury, Aynsley Bubbico, Scarlett Cherry, Deborah S. Craig, Nick Galbraith, Katie Kern, Jen Malenke, Lesli Margherita, Vic Mazzone, Aaron Neely, Leslie Odom, Jr., Jackie Seiden
The musical is performed as a staged concert reading. Rather than one person per role, the concert is done with some of Broadway's best alternating in the roles. For the second show, they had a video screen projecting a nice wide shot of the entire show. Video is a clear and unobstructed screen capture of the show. Tapers camera went out during the song "Suck It", so only the first minute of this song is captured. Picks right back up at the intro/beginning of the next song, "With You." Otherwise a great quality capture. Good video A
Jay Johnson:The Two and Only
11/26/06 ~ Broadway
Final Performance. Filmed from second row of the mezzanine. Missing last 4 minutes of show due to tape running out. Otherwise, a beautiful video or a wonderful theaterical experience. A
Jeffrey Bernard Is Unwell
1999 ~ BBC-TV
Peter O’Toole (Jeffrey Bernard), Timothy Ackroyd, Sarah Berger, Annabel Levenson, Royce Mills. Recorded live at the Old Vic Theatre in London. This was Peter O’Toole last stage performance. A
Jekyll & Hyde
12/25/95 ~ Tampa Bay, FL
Robert Cuccioli, Linda Eder
Camcorder shot video of the pre-Broadway National tour; color leaves something to be desired, but the audio is pretty close to CD quality, B
Jekyll and Hyde
11/15/97 ~ Broadway Highlights
Robert Cuccioli, Linda Eder, Christiane Noll
Highlights of the 1997 Broadway cast. Includes all of the major musical numbers and some wonderful close ups. From final previews. There are several nice close ups during the musical numbers, shot from the left mezzanine. A-
Jekyll and Hyde
Ethan Freeman (Jekyll/Hyde), Lyn Lichty (Lucy), Susanne Dengler (Lisa), Brigitte Oelke (Hure)
Jekyll & Hyde
12/19/99 ~ Broadway matinee
Joseph Mahowald (u/s), Christy Tarr (u/s), Colleen Sexton (u/s), Stuart Marland (u/s), Craig Schulman, Douglas Ladnier
Amazing closeups, steady camera, fantastic filming with 3 understudies in the lead roles for this show A
Jekyll and Hyde
2000 ~ Broadway
David Hasslehoff, Coleen Sexton, Christine Noll, Geroge Merritt, Barrie Ingham
**Pro Shot for general DVD realease. Nice performances from everyone apart from David Hasslehoff who is aweful! But, seeing as it is Pro Shot, It is a really nice DVD**
Jekyll and Hyde
4/1/00 ~ 1st national U.S. Tour
Chuck Wagner, Sharon Brown, Kelli O' Hara
Slight generational loss, making it high contrast but otherwise well shot with decent close-ups and good sound. B
Jekyll and Hyde
6/1/00 ~ Bremen
Ethan Freeman (Jekyll/Hyde), Michaela Kovarikova (Lucy), Susanne Dengler (Lisa), Ariane Swoboda (Nellie), Jan Merchant (Lady Beacconsfeld), Elisabeth Wukisavits (Alice), Jessica Roggemann (Polly), Joanna May (Fanny), Karin Germann (Kate), Mara Sievers (Molly), Eberhard Storz (Sir Danvers Carew), Jürgen Wagner (Utterson)
Jekyll and Hyde
Rob Evan (Jekyll/Hyde), Coleen Sexton (Lucy), Andrea Rivette (Emma)
Jekyll and Hyde
2001 ~ Broadway
Robert Evan, Andrea Rivette, Coleen Sexton, George Merritt, Barrie Ingham
Pro-shot rehearsal filming with Robert Evan in the lead role rather than David Hasselhoff; shot by Pay-Per-View for camera angles before the infamous David Hasslhoff taping; never televised A
Jekyll & Hyde
7/21/01 ~ Patchogue, NY
Brad Little, Maria Couch, Alicia Irving
A little jumpy here and there but nice closeups and good sound throughout and there is a bar in the way at times; still a nice video though B+
Jekyll & Hyde
Thomas Borchert (Jekyll/Hyde), Eva Maria Marold (Lucy), Maya Hakvoort (Lisa).
1st generation VHS to DVD. Rather different, dark, creepy staging.
*IN GERMAN*
2007 - Tecklenburg, Germany
Patrick Stahnke, Karin Seyfried.
Filmed on a tripod, fantastic quality. Performed outdoors in an ampitheatre, very unique staging. Starts during the evening and as the show progresses the sun sets and it's dark by the end.
*IN GERMAN*
10/15/09 ~ South Korea
Brad Little, Juan Jackson, Belinda Wollaston, Lucy Maunder, Hayden Tee, Michael Lee Porter
Multi -camera proshot of the recent South Korean tour. An amazing video with an amazing mostly Australian cast. Good clear video 2 DVDs A
Jekyll & Hyde
2011 ~ UK Tour
Marti Pellow, Sabrina Carter, Sarah Earnshaw, David Delve, Mark McGee, Michael Taibi
This is an all new production featuring new direction, new choreography, and a new set. Beautifully filmed from the balcony with a nice mix of close-ups and full stage shots. 2 DVDs A
Jekyll and Hyde
Constantine Maroulis, Deborah Cox, Teal Wicks, Richard White, Laird Mackintosh, Blair Ross,
Jason Wooten, Brian Gallagher, David Benoit
Complete show from the pre-Broadway tour; includes curtain call, filmed mostly with medium shots; two blackouts a few seconds long near the start due to late seating, but other than that it is completely unobstructed. Some very slight shakiness and wandering between scenes but mostly a very steady shot and well-filmed. 2 DVDs A-
Jekyll & Hyde
2/12/13 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Constantine Maroulis, Deborah Cox, Teal Wicks, Richard White, Laird Mackintosh, Blair Ross, Jason Wooten, Brian Gallagher, David Benoit, Mel Johnson, Jr., Aaron Ramey, Dana Costello, James Judy, Jerry Christakos
Nice capture of this show before it went to Broadway; one head on the left, but is worked around; a couple quick dropouts, but none lasts more than a minute; a bit of washout in high contrast scenes; filmed in 16:9 with a mix of wides, mediums, and close-ups; good clear sound and includes curtain call. 2 DVDs A-
Jekyll & Hyde
3/19/13 ~ Chicago, IL
Constantine Maroulis, Deborah Cox, Teal Wicks, Laird Mackintosh, Richard White, David Benoit
Filmed PreBroadway; beautiful HD capture of the final stop before heading to Broadway with no obstructions. A reimagined revival of the classic Wildhorn musical. Clear picture and good sound; nice video 2 DVDs A
Jekyll and Hyde
Constantine Maroulis, Deborah Cox, Teal Wicks, Laird Mackintosh, Richard White, David Benoit.
Includes curtain call. Shot from the circle from a slight angle. Closing Night
Jelly's Last Jam
4/20/91 – World Premiere - Mark Taper Forum, L.A.
Gregory Hines, Tonya Pinkins, Keith David, Obba Babatunde, Freda Payne.
Before the B'way run, at the intimate Taper. Mostly full stage shot. A worthy, very rare record of the great show. B
Jerome Robbins' Broadway
1988 ~ Broadway
Jason Alexander
Shot from the right mezzanine; a great capture of the OBC. Missing about 10 mins in Act II, from the end of House of Uncle Thomas, to the beginning of the Peter Pan sequence. A
Jerry Herman: A Musical Toast, S.T.A.G.E. Benefit Concert
1989 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Southland Theatre Artists Goodwill Event (S.T.A.G.E.) 5th annual benefit concert, this time honoring the work of Jerry Herman. Some of the stars in attendance and performing: Betty Garrett, Pamela Myers, Marilyn Cooper, Rue McClannahan, Lucie Arnaz, Desi Arnaz Jr., Bill Hutton, more. Some generational loss. B-
***Also available in S.T.A.G.E. section, same DVD***
Jerry Herman's Broadway At The Hollywood Bowl
1997 ~ Hollywood, CA
Bea Arthur, Carol Channing, Michael Feinstein, Davis Gaines, George Hearn, Angela Lansbury, Lorna Luft, Paul and Linda McCartney, Liza Minnelli, Rita Moreno, Karen Morrow, Lee Roy Reams, Leslie Uggams
Pro-shot of the 1993 tribute to Jerry Herman collects numbers from the songwriter's Broadway shows, performed by a wide variety of stars, many with strong ties to Herman, including Carol Channing (the original and forever Dolly), Leslie Uggams (Jerry's Girls), George Hearn (La Cage aux Folles), Bea Arthur (with her trademark "Man in the Moon" from Mame), Lee Roy Reams and Karen Morrow (An Evening with Jerry Herman), Florence Lacey (The Grand Tour), Lorna Luft (Judy Garland's daughter), Davis Gaines, Michael Feinstein, and Rita Moreno, all backed by the Los Angeles Philharmonic under the baton of Don Pippin (Herman's longtime musical director) before a live audience at the Hollywood Bowl. Pippin leads the orchestra in instrumental medleys of waltzes and marches, Liza Minnelli, Paul
and Linda McCartney, and Angela Lansbury offered prerecorded greetings, and humorous moments are provided by Luft's grouchy "Put It Back On" response to the dance team's "Take It All Off" (the producers make it up to her later by giving her Mack & Mabel's great ballad "Time Heals Everything").There's also Reams's impressions of Channing, Pearl Bailey, and Louis Armstrong performing "Hello, Dolly"; and Arthur, who explains that Mame was not named after her character simply because nothing would rhyme with "Vera"--though "Sondheim could have done it." The guest of honor laughs right along with the crowd, and then takes the stage himself for the finale--for Jerry Herman fans, this concert is the best of times indeed A
Jerry Springer: The Opera
Michael Brandon, David Bedella, Alison Jiear, Jo Napthine (u/s)
Great picture and sound A
Jerry Springer: The Opera
1/8/05 ~ London
David Soul, David Bedella, Carrie Ellis, Jason Griffiths, Kiara Jay, Alison Jiear, Andrew Playfoot, Guy Porritt, Phillip Sutton
Professionally filmed and aired on BBC; includes documentary aired before the show A+
Jerry Springer-The Opera
2009 ~ Sydney, Australia
David Wenham, Marcus Graham, Alison Jiear, David Bedella, Ursula Yovich
Semi-staged concert version; house camera so there are no closeups; first 20 minutes of the video are slight as people enter as is the complete 20 minute interval and after the show, there is 20 more minutes
of silent scenes of the stage A-
Jerry's Girls
1984 ~ Palm Beach, FL
Carol Channing, Leslie Uggams, Andrea McArdle
Full show, filmed using one camera on a tripod, with sound patched in directly from the sound board. This footage might have been intended for media use. A
Jerry's Girls
Carol Channing, Leslie Uggams,Andrea McArdle
Well filmed, but some generational loss. B
Jerry’s Girls
1986 ~ Broadway
Chita Rivera, Dorothy Louden, Leslie Uggams.
RARE! Surprisingly good for a video more than 20 years old. (The disc starts out with a few minutes of Alexis Smith promoting Platinum, with Gene Shallit). A
Jerry's Girls
Toby Allen, Debbie Byrne, Judi Connelli, Marcia Hines, Jeanne Little.
Original Australian cast, pro shot for video. A-
Jersey Boys
11/3/05 (Act1) - 11/11/05 (Act2) ~ Broadway
John Lloyd Young, J Robert Spencer, Daniel Richard, Christian Hoff.
During Act 1 there are some heads to shoot around but filmer shoots around them very nicely so they are hardly noticeable. Act 2 is nicely captured with great picture and sound. A-
Jersey Boys
11/19/05 ~ Broadway
Christian Hoff, Daniel Reichard, J. Robert Spencer, John Lloyd Young, Peter Gregus, Mark Lotito, Tituss Burgess, Heather Ferguson, Steve Gouveia, Donnie Kehr, John Leone, Michael Longoria, Jennifer Naimo, Erica Piccininni, Sara Schmidt
Shot around some heads.but still great video; great close ups some minor white outhere and there before zooming in; very clear with good sound; includes interviews from NY1 and show reviews. A-
Jersey Boys
1/11/06 ~ Broadway
John Lloyd Young, Christian Hoff, Daniel Reichard, J. Robert Spencer
Digital video, shot from the back of the mezzanine, no obstructions, lots of zooms, beautiful sound. A
Jersey Boys
3/20/07 ~ San Francisco, CA
Erich Bergen, Michael Ingersoll, Deven May, Jarrod Spector [alt - Frankie Valli], John Altieri, Miles Aubrey, Sandra DeNise, Rick Faugno, Eric Gutman, Nathan Klau, Brandon Matthieus, Jackie Seiden, Joseph Siravo, Melissa Strom
Clips, missing most of the show, lots of obstruction B
Jersey Boys
4/19/07 ~ San Francisco, CA
Miles Aubrey [u/s Bob Gaudio], Michael Ingersoll, Deven May, Christopher Kale Jones, John Altieri, Erik Bates*, Heather Ferguson*, Courter Simmons, Taylor Sternberg*, Nathan Klau, Brandon Matthieus, Jackie Seiden, Joseph Siravo, Melissa Strom
Filmed from the balcony, with some great close ups. Crystal clear. Ocasional heads in the wide shots. A-
Jersey Boys
4/22/07 ~ San Francisco, CA
Christopher Kale Jones (Frankie Valli), Eric Gutman (Bob Gaudio u/s), Deven May (Tommy DeVito), Michael Ingersoll (Nick Massi), Miles Aubrey (Gyp De Carlo u/s and others), Douglas Crawford (Norm Waxman u/s), Heather Ferguson (Lorraine and others u/s), Eric Gutman (Hank Majewski), John Altieri (Bob Crewe), Nathan Klau, Brandon Mattieus, Jackie Seiden (Mary Delgado and others), Melissa Strom (Francine and others), Courter Simmons (Joey)
Highlights, missing only a few numbers, nicely captured, A
Jersey Boys
4/24/07 ~ San Francisco, CA
Miles Aubrey [u/s Bob Gaudio], Michael Ingersoll, Deven May Rick Faugno [alt - Frankie Valli], John Altieri, Erik Bates*, Heather Ferguson*, Courter Simmons, Taylor Sternberg*, Nathan Klau, Douglas Crawford*, Jackie Seiden, Joseph Siravo, Melissa Strom
Another great video, pretty much can be described similar to above. Interesting to see the show with understudies. A
Jersey Boys
4/27/07 ~ San Francisco, CA
Christopher Kale Jones (Frankie Valli), Erich Bergen (Bob Gaudio), Deven May (Tommy De Vito), Michael Ingersoll (Nick Massi), Taylor Sternberg (Hank Majewski and others u/s), Heather Ferguson (Lorraine and others u/s), John Altieri, Joseph Siravo, Miles Aubrey, Nathan Klau, Brandon Matthieus, Jackie Seiden, Courter Simmons, Melissa Strom
Starts after I'm in the Mood for Love
Jersey Boys
4/28/07 ~ San Francisco, CA
Erich Bergen, Michael Ingersoll, Deven May, Christopher Kale Jones, John Altieri, Miles Aubrey, Heather Ferguson*, Courter Simmons, Taylor Sternberg*, Nathan Klau, Brandon Matthieus, Jackie Seiden, Joseph Siravo, Melissa Strom
The full touring cast-no understudies. Well filmed from the balcony. Crystal clear. Occasional heads at the bottom of the screen in the wide shots, but nothing too bad. This is probably the best video of the San Francisco tour. A
Jersey Boys
5/3/07 ~ San Francisco, CA
Erich Bergen, Michael Ingersoll, Deven May, Christopher Kale Jones, John Altieri, Miles Aubrey, Sandra DeNise, Courter Simmons, Eric Gutman, Nathan Klau, Brandon Matthieus, Jackie Seiden, Joseph Siravo, Melissa Strom
A little shaky at times, but overall still very good. Filmed from the balcony, with great closeups and clarity. Filmed on the closing night of the San Francisco 1st National tour run. A
Jersey Boys
5/10/07 ~ San Francisco, CA
Drew Gehling, Steve Goueveia, Jeremy Kushnier, Jarrod Spector, Craig Laurie,Wade McCullon, Lauren Marshall, Steven M. Goldsmith, Ryan Quinn West, Mike Erickson, Rashad Naylor, Jenny Lee Ramos, Eddie Driscoll, Lyndsey Cole
Act 1 only of the 2nd National tour production A
Jersey Boys
5/13/07 ~ San Francisco, CA
Drew Gehling, Steve Goueveia, Jeremy Kushnier, John Michael Dias [alt Frankie Valli], Craig Laurie, Wade McCullon, Lauren Marshall, Steven M. Goldsmith, Ryan Quinn West, Mike Erickson, Rashad Naylor, Jenny Lee Ramos, Eddie Driscoll, Lyndsey Cole
Excellent video with nice closeups and good sound A
Jersey Boys
8/3/07 ~ San Francisco, CA
Drew Gehling, John Hickman [u/s Nick Massi], Jeremy Kushnier, Jarrod Spector, Craig Laurie, Wade McCollum, Lauren Marshall, Steven M. Goldsmith, Ryan Quinn West, Mike Erickson [u/s Gyp], Rashad Naylor, Jenny Lee Ramos, Jake Speck [u/s Billy Dixon], Lyndsey Cole
Great video with excellent sound and good closeups A
Jersey Boys
8/5/07 ~ San Francisco, CA
Drew Gehling, Michael Ingersoll, Jeremy Kushnier, John Michael Dias [alt Frankie Valli], Craig Laurie, Wade McCollum, Lauren Marshall, Steven M. Goldsmith, Ryan Quinn West, Mike Erickson [u/s Gyp], Rashad Naylor, Jenny Lee Ramos, Jake Speck [u/s Billy Dixon], Lyndsey Cole
Very clear video with excellent sound and closeups A
Jersey Boys
11/30/07 ~ Costa Mesa, CA
Christopher Kale Jones, Deven May, Erich Bergen, Steve Gouveia, John Altieri, Miles Aubrey, Jennifer Evans, Eric Gutman
Filmed from rear orchestra, in 16:9 widescreen. Begins at end of "Ces Soirées-La". Very few obstructions, minor washout now and then when zoomed out, and just a little shaky at times, cover-up during end of "Dawn" due to extreme brightness of lights. Good video A
Jersey Boys
12/22/07 ~ San Francisco, CA
Rick Faugno, Jeff Leibow, Byran McElroy, Andrew Rannells, Natalie Bradshaw, Joyce Chittick, Jonathan Hadley, Julia Krohn (act 1), Lauren Tartaglia (act 2), Ken Krugman, Jason Martinez, Kristofer McNeeley, John Salvatore, Jonathan, Kevin Russel, Gerard Rodriguez, Michael James Scott, Brad Russell
Video shaky at times,especially in Act 2. There's significant obstruction from a coupleheads when action is downstage. Great energy from this cast. Julia Krohn apparently fell backstage during intermission and injured herself, so Lauren Tartaglia went on for Act 2. 2 DVDs A
Jersey Boys
3/14/08 ~ Broadway
Michael Longoria (Frankie Valli), Christian Hoff (Tommy DeVito), John Leone (Nick Massi u/s), Sebastian Arcelus (Bob Gaudio), Peter Gregus (Bob Crewe), Mark Lotito (Gyp DeCarlo), Travis Cloer (Joey), Jennifer Naimo (Mary Delgado), Kris Coleman (Hal Miller & other roles), Eric Gutman (Hank Majewski), Donnie Kehr (Norm Waxman), Eric Piccininni (Lorraine), Sara Schmidt (Francine)
Shot from mezzanine, widescreen 16:9, a little shaky at times, minor obstruction right side of screen at times (which was sometimes difficult to shoot around), couple blackouts, especially the second half of "Dawn" and roughly last 10 minutes is audio only and usher was standing nearby
Jersey Boys
7/16/08 ~ Chicago
Steven M. Goldsmith (Franki Valli u/s), John Hickman (Nick Massi u/s), Drew Gehling, Craig Laurie, John Michael Copola (Joe Pesci u/s), Tonya Wathen (Francene and other u/s)
Highlights only includes Sillouhettes, My Mother's Eyes, Cry for Me, Sherry, Big Girls Don't Cry, Walk Like a Man, Oh What a Night, My Eyes Adored You, Dawn (Go Away), Beggin', Stay (half of), Bye Bye Baby, Can't Take My Eyes Off of You, Fallen Angel, Rag Doll, Who Loves You, only dvd of Chicago cast known to exist so far, not the best and only for a true fan of the show, C
Jersey Boys
Joseph Leo Bwarie, Steve Gouveia, Jeremy Kushnier, Andrew Rannells, Jonathan Hadley, Joseph Siravo, Sarah Darling.
Fantastic cast and recording, excellent performance by Andrew Rannells.
Jersey Boys
1/2/09 ~ Broadway
Taylor Sternberg (u/s Frankie Valli), Dominic Nolfi, Sebastian Arcelus, Matt Bogart, Peter Gregus, Mark Lotito, Miles Aubrey, Bridget Berger
Good capture with nice picture and sound throughout; mostly wide and medium shots, with some closeups; first minute or so of each act is audio only, and there are three or four very short cover ups throughout the show and a little bit of washout, but not bad. 2 DVDs A
Jersey Boys
2/12/09 ~ Hartford, CT
Joseph Leo Bwarie, Erik Bates, Josh Franklin, Nathan Scherich (u/s Nick Massi)
Decent video, shot from pretty far away which makes it look shaky. Some heads in the way and spotlight washout but good sound and nice picture when there is one B
Jersey Boys
12/1/09 ~ Broadway
Jarrod Spector, Drew Gehling, Dominic Nolfi, Matt Bogart, Peter Gregus, Mark Lotito, Miles Aubrey, Bridget Berger, Russell Fischer, Taylor Sternberg (u/s Barry Belson), Heather Ferguson, Sara Schmidt
First minute or so of each act is blacked out, and there are a few short blackouts throughout the show, but are less than 20 seconds long; some washout, especially in the wides, but nothing too major; some heads on the sides and bottom of the screen; Includes audio and partial video of curtain call and Dominic's BC/EFA speech. 2 DVDs A
Jersey Boys
11/9/12 ~ Madison, WI
Brandon Andrus, Stephen Cerf (u/s Tommy Devito), Jason Kappus, Brad Weinstock, Barry Anderson
Funny and charming show with great vocals from the 2nd National Tour. Complete show, including curtain calls and BCEFA speech; slight shakiness in between scenes but generally very steady and clear. 2 DVDs A
Jerusalem
4/28/11 ~ Broadway
Mark Rylance, Max Baker, Mackenzie Rook, Alan David, Aimee-Ffion Edwards, Aiden Eyrick, John Gallagher Jr, Gerladine Hughes, Danny Kirrane, Charlotte Mills, Sarah Moyle, Mark Page, Molly Ranson, Harvey Robinson, Richard Short, Barry Sloane, Jay Sullivan
First couple of minutes are not clear but improves shortly after. Disc also includes an hour of interviews, reviews and B-Roll; excellent video A
Jesus Christ, Superstar
1994 ~ AD tour, location unknown
Ted Neeley (Jesus), Carl Anderson (Judas), Syreeta Wright (Mary), James O'Neil (Pilate)
Kinda fuzzy but great sound, includes various clips such as interviews, tv appearances, songs in tv program, etc., B, 2 DVDs
Jesus Christ Superstar
4/14/96 ~ Boston, MA
Gary Cherone, Doug Thoms, Kay Hanley, Peter Moore,T. Max, Tim Robert, Pat McGrath, Lynette Estes, Randy Black, Matt Thorsen
A presentation of The Boston Rock Opera at the Lansdowne Street Playhouse. Multi camera, pro shot video. Some generational loss. B+
Jesus Christ Superstar
December 1998 ~ Nyack, NY
Billy Porter, Drew Sarich, Emily Skinner, Robert Aronson, Nathan Lee
Pro-shot from back of theatre with a little generation loss, but very watchable; interesting production with good video and sound; includes an interview from NBC4 A
Jesus Christ Superstar
Glenn Carter, Jérôme Pradon, Renee Castle, Tony Vincent, Fred Johanson, Rik Mayall, Frederick B. Owens
Professionally filmed video filmed from PBS A+
Jesus Christ Superstar
William Byrne (Jesus), Fred Johanson (alt. Judas), Krysten Cummings (Mary)
Some slight generation loss, in English
Jesus Christ Superstar
7/15/00 ~ Broadway
Tony Vincent, Anthony Manough, Maya Days, Kevin Gray, Paul Kandel, Ray Walker, Fred Owens, Eric Millegan, Rodney Hicks
Lots of generation loss and low sound; spotlight washout and minor obstruction at bottom of screen by mezzanine bar when action is on the apron of the stage B
Jesus Christ Superstar
8/5/00 ~ Broadway
Glenn Carter, Manoel Feliciano (u/s), Shayna Steele (u/s), Kevin Gray, Paul Kandel, Ray Walker, Fred Owens, Jason Wooten, Rodney Hicks
Some generation loss and low sound; some nice closeups and zooms, spotlight washout and minor obstruction at bottom of screen by mezzanine bar when action is on the apron of the stage B
Jesus Christ Superstar
8/16/00 ~ Broadway
Glenn Carter, Tony Vincent, Maya Days, Kevin Gray, Paul Kandel, Ray Walker, Fred Owens, Michael Lee, Rodney Hicks
Nice video; good picture and sound A-
Jesus Christ Superstar
8/23/00 ~ Broadway
Tony Vincent, Maya Days
Great sound, takes taper a short time to get a handle on the action. Minor obstructions but nice video. B
Jesus Christ Superstar
Sebastian Bach, Carl Anderson, Natalie Toro, Lawson Skala, Jeffrey Polk
Excellent Video, multi-camera shot A
Jesus Christ Superstar
7/23/03 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Walter Winston O'Neill, Eden Espinoza, Christopher Hall, Eric Anderson, Paul Klees, Ben Fisher, Levi Walker
A production of Performance Riverside. Great interpretation of the show. Filmed using one camera on a tripod. A
Jesus Christ Superstar
11/9/03 ~ Remscheid, Germany
Alex Melcher, David Michael Johnson, Nicole Berendsen, Claus Dam, Heribert Feckler, Michael Bergmann, Martin Pasching, Leon van Leeuwenberg, Martin Pasching
Concert staging, in English. Very good quality
Jesus Christ Superstar
Timoteus Perei (Jesus), Gyorgy Szomor (Judas), Aniko Nagy (Mary), Attila Serban (Simon), Gyorgy Demeter (Herod)
Filmed on a tripod in a small theater, no zooms. Slight generation loss, in Hungarian
Jesus Christ Superstar
Stephen Seale (Jesus), Drew Sarich (Judas), Kudra Ownes (Mary), Rob Fowler (Pilates), Pethon Quirante (Herod/Matthias)
Sung in English, pro-shot
1/30/05 ~ Dallas, TX
Eric Kunze, Lawrence Clayton, Natalie Toro
Pro-shot from the stationary house camera with no closeups; Excellent sound recording. Final performance of the tour A
Jesus Christ Superstar
2007 - Moscow Theatre of Mossovet, Russia
Michail Panferov (Jesus), Valeriy Yaremenko (Judas), Lada Maris (Mary Magdalene), Alexander Bobrovskiy (Pilate).
VERY beautiful production orchestrally and visually. Great quality filming.
*IN RUSSIAN*
1/13/07 ~ Milwaukee, WI
Ted Neeeley, Corey Glover, Tiffini Dodson,Jeremey Pasha, Craig Sculli, Larry Alan Coke, Aaron Fuksa
Nice production, done in the original style, not the Broadway revival one from 2000; good picture and sound. A-
Jesus Christ Superstar
Good quality video with nice picture and sound A
Jesus Christ Superstar: The Arena Tour
2011 ~ Birmingham, UK
Ben Forster, Mel C, Tim Minchin, Alexander Hanson, Chris Moyles
This version of the show played to huge arena audiences across the UK, and was beamed live to movie theatres around the world on October 29th and November 1, 2012. The new production of Superstar
comes from director Laurence Connor, who has brought the show into the 21st Century with an edgy new plot inspired by the London riots and Occupy movements across the world. Pro-shot for video. A
Jesus Christ Superstar
12/4/11 ~ La Jolla, CA
Paul Nolan, Jeremy Kushnier (u/s Judas), Chilina Kennedy, Sandy Winsby (u/s Pilate), Bruce Dow, Marcus Nance, Lee Siegel, Aaron Walpole, Mike Nadajewski
Nice capture of the PreBroadway Production. Great staging and performances of this revival headed to Broadway. A-
Jesus Christ Superstar
3/14/12 ~ Broadway
Paul Nolan, Josh Young, Chilina Kennedy, Tom Hewitt, Bruce Dow, Marcus Nance, Aaron Walpole
First video of the new Broadway Transfer. Excellent video very well filmed with clear sound and nice picture throughout and good close-ups; nice video A
Jesus Christ Superstar "A Resurrection"
3/20/95 ~ Texas
Michel Lorant, Amy Ray, Emily Sailers
An odd concert version of the show featuring The Indigo Girls, who are joined by a cast of 80 people. Pro-shot by the group's record company to accompany the release of the CD of the same name in 1995. The CD was a failure however, and this video never got released to the general public. Pro-shot for video. A
Jewtopia
Vanessa Lemonides, Becky London, Lorry Goldman, Josh Heine, Rosanne Ma, Jeremy Rishe, Joel Rooks
Last Show; very good video with great sound. A
JFK: The Musical
11/30/93 ~ Munster, Germany
Thomas Harke,Virginia Walshaw, Elke Blundau.
Pro shot in English, recorded live for TV to mark the 30th anniversary of John F. Kennedy's assassination. A
John
12/9/14 ~ London
Taylor Benjamin, Lee Boggess, Gabriel Castillo, Ian Garside, Ermira Goro, Garth Johnson, Hannes Langolf, Vivien Wood, Andi Xhuma
The internationally renowned DV8 Physical Theatre bring their powerful new production to the National Theatre. John, authentically depicts real-life stories, combining movement and spoken word to create an intense and moving theatrical experience. Multiple cameras Proshot of the new production by DV8. Broadcast live in cinemas through a satellite feed and this was captured from that feed.
John and Jen
August 2001 ~ San Francisco, CA
Dominic Sahagun, Gina Restani
Benefit performance for the Young People's Teen Musical Theatre Company. Semi pro shot using one camera on a tripod A
Jonathan Frid… Again!
2009
Jonathan Frid was a Canadian theater, television, and film actor, best known for having played the role of vampire Barnabas Collins on the gothic television soap opera Dark Shadows. This DVD contains a collection of Frid reading several classics from Shakespeare, Edgar Allen Poe, Charles Dickens, Shelley, and others. Filmed with one camcorder one a tripod, with Frid reading from a script of a music stand, addressing the camera. 1 hour. A
Joseph And The Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
1973 ~ London
Gary Bond, Peter Reeves, Gavin Reed, Gordon Waller
Pro shot for TV featuring the original London cast; complete with opening credits; amazing video A
Joseph And The Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat (Jose el Sonador)
1985 - Mexico
Guillermo Mendez (Joseph), Maria del Sol (Narrator), Manuel Landeta, Hector Ortiz, Manuel Gurria.
A presentation of Teatro San Rafael. Filmed using multiple cameras, and produced solely for the cast and crew, this was Mexico’s first professional presentation of the show, but the run was cut short when the theatre was destroyed in an earthquake. Excellent quality. This is fantastic. Very large and lavish production with a huge ensemble, rather campy at times, which is great. Unique orchestrations, and Maria del Sol is incredibly talented!
Joseph And The Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
1/15/94 ~ London
Jason Donovan, Linzi Hately
A rarely seen video of the show which features the original London cast, filmed on Jason Donovan's last night with the show. Video also includes some footage after the show, with Jason interacting with the crowd signing autographs and posing for pictures. Well filmed from the balcony, but some generational loss. B
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
1995 ~ US Tour in Chicago, IL
Donny Osmond (Joseph), Janet Metz (Narrator)
Generation loss and sometimes the camera pans children's chorus searching for someone
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
1996 ~ US Tour
Brian Lane Green (Joseph), Kristine Fraelich (Narrator)
Filmed through the in-house camera, very good quality, although distnat and without zooms. Also includes press reel of the Donny Osmond and Janet Metz tour running 6 minutes, and the press reel of the Grease Broadway revival cast running 6 minutes.
Joseph And The Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
1998 ~ North Carolina
Lauren Kennedy
Good audio and video quality, slight generation loss. Lauren is a great narrator; good video B+
Joseph And The Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
2000
Donny Osmond, Maria Friedman, Richard Attenborough and Joan Collins
Pro - Shot Movie
Joseph And The Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
2/16/02 ~ Los Angeles, CA
Eden Espinoza, Roger Befeler, John LaLonde, Jennifer Rias, John Hrbacek, Matt Logan, David Beaver, Robert Vance, Ryan Ball, Trevor Brackney
A presentation of Performance Riverside. Filmed using one camera on a tripod. A
Joseph And The Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
10/03 ~ Fullerton, CA
David Burnham (Joseph, from PBS’ Light In The Piazza).
A production of the Fullerton Civic Light Opera. A
Joseph And The Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
2003 ~ Tecklenburg, Germany
Sven Olaf Denkinger, Jana Werner, Jessica Fendler.
Staged in a large open-air arena before an audience of 40,000, this giant scale production of “Joseph” was hugely popular. The production features a cast of 125 and is presented on an 80 meter wide stage (about 262 feet). Multi-camera, pro shot for TV. In German, with English subtitles. (The subtitles reflect the German translation, and are different than we are used to.) This is a different interpretation of the show which features 2 narrators (one male, one female), and starts off at a children’s graduation. A
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
11/23/05 ~ Chicago
Patrick Cassidy, Amy Adams, Todd Dubail, Nicholas Saverine
Crystal clear picture and sound. Good production and performances. A
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
2005 or 2006 - Germany
Alan Schuler, Evelin Sutter, Tom Tucker.
Excellent audio and video quality, filmed on multiple cameras. VERY unique staging utilizing backdrops of very creative custom animations and projections on a bible-shaped screen. A
*IN GERMAN*
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
10/17/07 ~ West End, London
Lee Mead, Fiona Reyes (alt / Narrator), Dean Collinson, Stephen Tate, John Alastair, Neal Wright
Great production with the winner of the "Any Dream Will Do" Series, Lee Mead; nicely captured and performed with great picture and nice sound A
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
May 2008 ~ Hungary
Sandor Nagy (Joseph), Lilla Polyak (Narrator), Victor Posta (Pharaoh), Tamas Arany (Judah), David Sandor (Simeon).
Dress rehearsal filmed on 2 cameras. Sometimes the quality is a bit dark. (2 DVDs)
*IN HUNGARIAN*
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
December 2008 ~ Plays in the Park, NJ
Jonathan Schwartz, Jack Cibrian, Katie Riley, Art Neill
Excellent pro shot video A
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
2/16/09 - UK Tour: Liverpool
Anthony Hansen,Tara Bethan, Henry Metcalfe,Wayne Smith, Sam Cassidy, Camilla Rowland, Lee Mathieson, Chris Dilley
Good capture of the full show, shot in widescreen with a nice crisp picture and vibrant colors.The video is free of obstructions, and has just one blackout for 30 seconds during "Joseph's Coat". Some fantastic vocals from new Joseph, Anthony Hansen and Tara Bethan was very impressive as Narrator. A
Joseph And The Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
June 2009 ~ Music Theater of Wichita, KS
James Royce Edwards, Q. Smith. Doug Barton. Geoffrey Voss, Andrew Franklin, Edward Staudenmayer
Recorded from a tripod with sound patched in from the sound board. The best footage from a few performances were edited together to make one complete show. A
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
5/2/10 ~ Redondo Beach, CA
Eric Kunze, Kelli Provart, Paul Ainsley, Robert J. Townsend, Jeffrey Landman, Heather Castillo, Dane Biren, Andrew Makay, Danny Stiles, Ty Taylor, Leland Burnett, Jason Deroest, Andrew Johnson,
Mike A. Motroni, Jay Donnell
Filmed in a mix of wides, mediums, and close-ups, there's very little washout, and the only obstructions are some heads at the very bottom of the screen in wideshots; last minute of act one and the first minute of act two are blacked out, plus there are a couple other short blackouts in act two. Good clear sound; nice video 2 DVDs A
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
2011 ~ UK Tour
Keith Jack, Jennifer Potts, David Gwyn (u/s Jacob/Potiphar), Adam Jarrell, Kevin Grogan
A magnificent colorful capture with action well followed in 16:9 wide-screen featuring Keith Jack as Joseph who placed second in Andrew Lloyd Webber's Any Dream Will Do reality series. A
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
May 2011 ~ Hamilton, Canada
Gabe Adamo (Joseph), Rosana Misuracca (Narrator #1), Francessca Altobelli (Narrator #2), Anthony Carbone (Pharaoh), A
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
3/18/14 - US Tour in Chicago, IL
Diana DeGarmo, Ace Young, Paul Castree, Ryan Williams, William Thomas Evans, Brian Golub, Will Mann.
Excellent quality. A
Journey's End
2/10/07 ~ Broadway
Hugh Dancy, Boyd Gaines, Jefferson Mays, Stark Sands, John Ahlin, Nick Berg Barnes, John Behlmann, Justin Blanchard, Kieran Campion, John Curless, Richard Poe
A very dark show; some spots that the camera had trouble focusing, but the sound is excellent so you can follow the show even when you cant see it; includes NY1 reviews B+
Judy Garland, Robert Goulet & Phil Silvers Special
2/7/63 ~ TV Special
In a comeback appearance that led to her short-lived weekly TV show, Judy Garland did a TV special. Garland's performances are forceful and confident, but, unfortunately, she gets little time to sing by herself; that would come later on her TV show. Instead, she shares most of the time with her two costars, Robert Goulet and Phil Silvers. A very intriguing show. Also includes "Hollywood Home Movies" with Judy Garland. This special feautres many rare and amazing clips of Judy's Life. A+
Judy Garland
11/16/64 ~ Live @ the Palladium (LP) with Liza Minelli
Judy walked onstage at the LP and gave a performance that captured everything that was magical and unforgettable about her. Later joined by Liza in their first official public duet. Garland sings the tunes she's made her own, including, "Over the Rainbow", as well as "Just in Time", " Hello Dolly", "It's a Matter of Time", and "The Man That Got Away"
Judy Garland
Judy Garland the concert years
1991 ~ The Disney Channel
“Lorna Luft hosts this special look at mother Judy's incredible career, which includes comments from such acquaintances as Edward Albee, Tony Bennett, Alan King, Mort Lindsey, Rex Reed and Nelson Riddle. Songs include "Liza," "Lorna," "Get Happy," "Ol' Man River," "Swanee," "Consider Yourself," "Chicago" and "Over the Rainbow." (Also included on the disc: TV Academy Hall Of Fame, 8/29/96.) A-
Julia Murney at 54 Below
9/10/12 ~ New York
Filmed in 16:9 HD widescreen. External audio fed in from MD source, so it is very clear. Steady shots, except for a few between-song transitions, of the concert includes all banter in between songs;
there is a short 22-second audio-only blackout during "She Goes" due to technical issues. A
Julia Murney at 54 Below
9/16/12 ~ New York
Filmed in 16:9 HD widescreen. External audio fed in from MD source, so it is very clear. Steady shots, except for a few between-song transitions, of the concert includes all banter in between song A
Julie Andrews In Concert
1986 ~ Historic Wilhern Theatre, LA California
Run time approx. 60 mins.
Julie Andrews Sings Her Favourite Songs
1992
Julie Andrews in a live concert. 60 minutes in length. songs include: Where There's Music, Wouldn't it be Loverly, It's Almost Like Being in Love, On a Clear Day, What Did I Have I Don't Have Now, Camelot, LeJazzHot, Thoroughly Modern Millie, Come Rain Or Come Shine, How to Handle A Woman, Show Me, Supercalifragilistic, I've Grown Accustomed to His Face, I Could Have Danced All Night, The Sound of Music.
Julius Caesar
4/23/05 ~ Broadway, Revival
Denzel Washington, Colm Feore, Jessica Hecht, William Sadler, Tamara Tunie, Eamann Walker, Jack Willis
Written by William Shakespeare. Beautifully filmed and crystal clear. Disc also includes scanned Playbill information, 2 reviews, and a 60 Minutes piece. A
Jumpers
Simon Russell Beale, Essie Davis, Nicky Henson, Eliza Lumley, John Rogan, Nicholas Woodeson
Excellent video with great picture and sound; A
June Moon
1974 ~ PBS-TV
Jack Cassidy, Susan Sarandon, Estelle Parsons, Stephen Sondheim, Tom Fitzsimmons, Kevin McCarthy, Lee Meredith, Austin Pendleton
Jack Cassidy is terrific as the veteran composer who helps the kid while his own career is slumping. Playing another struggling songwriter is none other than Broadway composer Stephen Sondheim, paying scruffy homage to the composers who inspired him. Pro-shot for TV. A
The Jungle Book
8/11/13 ~ Chicago, IL
Akash Chopra, Kevin Carolan, Usman Ally, Andre De Shields, Anjali Bhimani, Larry Yando, Thomas Derrah, Ed Kross, Glory Curda
Beautiful HD capture of the Disney version of The Jungle Book. Great production using the Disney songs and added Sherman Brothers materials. Clear picture and sound 2 DVDs A
Jungle Man!
February 2000 ~ Music Theater of Wichita, KS
Nick Rolfing, Jessica Phillips
Clear picture and sound with minimal generation loss, very nicely done. A World Premiere Stage One Production written by Berton Averre (lead singer for THE KNACK) and Rob Meurer; musical spoof of Tarzan and Jane; pro shot, using multiple cameras. A
Juno - Encores!
3/29/08 ~ New York
Victoria Clark, Conrad John Schuck, Celia Keenan-Bolger, Michael Arden, Tyler Hanes, Clarke Thorell, Rosaleen Linehan, Louisa Flaningam, Jennifer Smith, Kay Walbye, Dermot Crowly
Great video with nice closeups and excellent sound in the hard to film City Center; nice video A
Jurassic Park The Musical
2011 ~ Denton, TX
Filmed in a club/bar with heads at bottom; show is like Evil Dead or Toxic Avenger but nowhere near as good; amateur cast that tries hard; video is decent B
Juvenilia
12/3/03 ~ New York
Ian Brennan, Aubrey Dollar, Luke MacFarlane, Erica N.Tazel
Good video; there is a whistle through the whole show but not that loud but you can hear it. Apparently, there was a lady with an oxygen tank sitting to the left of the filmer! A
Kaleidscope
4/25/55 ~ Max Liebman Presents NBC Television
Bea Arthur, Judy Holliday, Rod Alexander, Peggie Castle, George Kluge, Bambi Lynn, Dick Shawn
Black & white picture with slight static but great clear sound and good picture for its age. Nice video B+
Kaye Ballard Going out of Business Farewell Show
3/11/13
1999 ~ Musicals in Mufti,York Theatre, NY
Jesse Tyler Ferfuson, Christiane Noll, Arthur Rubin, Susan Watson, Walter Willison
Rare! Recent reading of the musical flop. Full stage, stationary house camera shot with spotlight washout B+
30th Kennedy Center Honors
Honoring Leon Fleisher, Steve Martin, Diana Ross, Martin Scorsese, Brian Wilson
31st Kennedy Center Honors
Honoring Morgan Freeman, George Jones, Barbra Streisand, Twyla Tharp, Pete Townshend and Roger Daltrey
Keating! The Musical
Mike McLeish, Terry Serio, Casey Bennetto, Enio Pozzebon, Mick Stuart
Broadcast live on Australian TV. A
Kerry Ellis
Live at the WaterRats Club in London - 2003
A
Yul Brenner, Mary Beth Piel, Araby Abaya
Clear pictue and sound. Amazingly good for it's age. B+
The King And I
1991 ~ Music Theatre of Wichita, KS
Richard White, Linda Michelle, Kristen Chenoweth (billed as Kristi D. Chenoweth), Shaun-Michael Morse, Nexdra Dixon, Etta Wang, David Ford, Brandon Perry, Phuc Le, Mihagi Nakashima
Nicely filmed, semi-pro shot, using one camera on a tripod. A-
The King and I
1996 - Broadway
Donna Murphy, Lou Diamond Phillips, Marie Osmond, Kevin Gray
Professional Shot. The clips of Donna and Lou are "edited" press reels, also known as B-Roll footage. About 80 minutes including most of the major musical numbers and some dialog. Full stage shot with no close ups and a good about of spotlight washout. Sound is clear, though there is a little crackling in the background. The clips of Kevin and Marie are all B-roll footage but only about 10 minutes worth. It seems as if there is more spotlight washout on those clips. Time stamp on bottom of screen B/B-
The King and I
7/14/97 ~ Broadway
Faith Prince, Kevin Grey
Great, clear video with excellent close-ups. Sound a bit low at times, but perfectly comprehensible. A
The King and I
1999 ~ Dayton, Ohio
King-Lego Louis,Anna-Susannah Kenton,Thiang-Wen Zhang, Tuptim-Diane Phelan, Luntha-Fausto Pinda
Big League Theatricals National Tour. Shot using one camera on a tripod, probably for archival use. Suffering from generational loss, overall a nice copy of a grand and colorful production. B
The King and I
May 1999 ~ Manoel Theater, Malta
Rachel Lindop, Kevin Drake, Ray Calleja, Connie F. Attard.
Pro-shot video with multiple cameras at the Manoel Theater, Malta. This is in English and a beautiful production. 2 DVDs A+
The King and I
9/10/04 ~ Philadelphia, PA
Sandy Duncan
Highlights video running abour 75 minutes long, so not the complete show; great performances and nice video A
The King and I
September 2011 ~ Beverly, MA
Lorenzo Lamas, Kate Fisher, Joshua Dela Cruz, Manna Nichols, Lisa Yuen
Produced by the North Shore Music Theatre. Filmed using one camera on a tripod, with audio
patched in directly from the soundboard. Beautiful clarity and it looks like it was probably filmed with a High-Definition camera. Presented in-the-round. Disc also includes a 3 minute montage which was used for media and promotion. A
The King and I
2012 ~ UK tour
Josefina Gabrielle, Ramon Tikaram, Claire-Marie Hall, Adrian Li Donni, Maya Sapone, Gary Wood
Beautiful production, no obstructions, action followed well, sets and costumes seemed like a dream of color and originality with laterns, birds, boats and flowers floating across the backdrop, A, 2 DVDs
The King and I
3/28/15 ~ Broadway
Kelli O'Hara, Ken Watanabe, Ruthie Ann Miles, Ashley Park
Excellent HD video filmed from center mezzanine; very clear picture, very nice close-ups and good clear sound; very good video A
King David
5/16/97 ~ Broadway
Judy Kuhn, Marcus Lovett, Roger Bart, Alice Ripley
Written by Alan Menkin and Tim Rice. Rare Disney flop with just 9 Broadway performances. Filmed on opening night. Full stage shot, with generational loss. C+
King Lear
4/3/04 ~ Broadway
Christopher Plummer, James Blendick, Domini Blythe, Brent Carver, Benedict Campbell, Geraint Wyn Davies, Ian Deakin, Claire Jullien, Barry McGregor, Lucy Peacock, Stephen Russell
Excellent video; very clear picture and sound; There is a time stamp which appears at the top of the screen for most of the video. A
King Lear
2012 ~ London
Pro-Shot Michael Attenborough brings Shakespeare's greatest tragedy to the intimacy of the Almeida stage. When Lear asks each of his daughters to profess their love for him, he is flattered by the false hyperbole of Regan and Goneril. When his youngest daughter Cordelia confesses to love him simply as a daughter should, his pride is dented and he casts her out of his kingdom. Too late to realise his mistake, and forced from power by his offspring, an increasingly impotent and frail Lear descends into madness. Award-winning actor Jonathan Pryce plays the title role in a production that formed part of the World Shakespeare Festival in 2012.
King Lear
5/1/14 ~ NT Live
Simon Russell Beale, Adrian Scarborough, Anna Maxwell Martin, Kate Fleetwood, Olivia Vinall, Stanley Townsend, Michael Nardone, Paapa Essiedu, Richard Clothier, Tom Brooke, Stephen Boxer
Multiple cameras pro-shot of the new production at the National Theatre. Broadcast live in cinemas
through a satellite feed and this was captured from that feed. Perfect 5.1 sound and HD video. 2 DVDs A
King Of Hearts
Donald Scardino, Pamela Blair, Millicent Martin, Bob Gunton, Scott Allen, Will Roy
Short lived Broadway flop with just 48 official performances.
Recorded at the closing performance though the theatre's house camera, so it's a stationary full stage shot, with sound patched in directly from the sound board. Some generational loss; final performance, the audience is very enthusiastic. C
The King Stag
November 2000 ~ Chicago
Another Julie Taymour play, with more crazy sets and masks and puppets. Nice shooting. Occasional slight obstruction by a bar at the front of the mezzanine section. A
Kinky Boots
10/2/12 ~ Chicago, IL
Stark Sands, Billy Porter, Annaleigh Ashford, Celina Carvajal, Daniel Stewart Sherman, Marcus Neville
Beautiful HD capture of the very first performance preview in Chicago, prior to the Broadway run this spring; very clear video with great picture and sound 2 DVDs A
Kinky Boots
11/4/12 ~ Chicago, IL
Stark Sands, Billy Porter, Annaleigh Ashford, Celina Carvajal, Daniel Stewart Sherman, Marcus Neville
Great HD capture of the last performance in Chicago before Broadway; this performance has many changes from the other Chicago DVD of the first performance, including the new song written towards the end of the Chicago run and many line changes. Also includes curtain speech by Stark; great video with clear picture and nice sound 2 DVDs A+
Kinky Boots
3/3/13 ~ Broadway
Stark Sands, Billy Porter, Annaleigh Ashford, Celina Carvajal, Daniel Stewart Sherman, Marcus Neville
Great HD capture of the first show on Broadway. A few changes here and there from the Pre-Broadway version; a few heads toward the front of the stage when the action was close but improves after about 20 minutes or so. Otherwise a very nice clear video 2 DVDs A
Kinky Boots
3/15/13 ~ Broadway
Stark Sands, Billy Porter, Annaleigh Ashford, Celina Carvajal, Daniel Stewart Sherman, Marcus Neville, Jonah Halperin (s/b Young Charlie), Marquise Neal
Some shakiness and wandering in between, particularly at the beginning, but otherwise a good video with nice closeups. Complete show including curtain call. 2 DVDs A-
Kinky Boots
11/15/14 ~ US Tour
Steven Booth, Kyle Taylor Pa=rker, Lindsay Nicole Chambers, Joe Coots, Grace Stockdale, Craig Waletzko, Amelia Cormack, Mike Longo, Ross Lekites, Bonnie Milligan, David McDonald, Horace V Rogers, Anne Tolpegin, Anthony Picarello, Andrew Theo Johnson A great capture of the touring production. This cast is absolutely incredible. Both Kyle and Steven are perfect in their roles and give powerhouse performances. Lindsay is a standout as well. Great vocals and acting from the entire cast. This is a perfect capture with no blackouts, no obstruction, and no washout. It’s filmed in 16:9, with a mix of wides, mediums, and close-ups. The sound is excellent. Includes curtain call, encore, Kyle’s BC/EFA speech, and playbill scans. 2 DVDs
Kismet
1955 ~ Movie
Howard Keel, Ann Blyth, Dolores Gray, Vie Damone, Monty Woolley, Sebastian Cabot, Jay C. Flippen, Mike Mazurki, Jack Elam, Ted de Corsia
Colour Movie Motion Picture. A+
Kismet
Jose Ferrer, Barbara Eden,Anna Maria Alberghetti, Hans Conried, George Chakiris
Introduced by Robert Goulet. In black and white. A
Kismet - Encores!
2/9/06 ~ New York
Brian Stokes Mitchell, Marin Mazzie, Marcy Harriell, Danny Gurwin, Randall Duk Kim, Danny Rutigliano, Michael X. Martin, Tom Aldredge
Very nicely shot video with great closeups and sound A
Kiss Me, Kate
11/20/58 ~ Hallmark Hall of Fame
Alfred Drake, Patricia Morison, Julie Wilson, Bill Hayes, Jack Klugman, Robinson Stone
Rare TV broadcast. Show was abridged for TV. Amazing clear quality for its age with original commericals A
Kiss Me, Kate
1964 ~ BBC Television
Patricia Morison, Howard Keel, Millicent Martin, Eric Barker, Reginald Beckwith
Black and white video with timecode at top and bottom of screen. Dark picture but clear and great sound B
Kiss Me Kate
June 2000 ~ Broadway
Brian Stokes Mitchell, Marin Mazzie, Amy Spanger, Kevin Neal McReady (u/s), John Horton, Adriane Lenox, Stanley Wayne Mathis, Michael Mulheren, Lee Wilkof
Act One: Horrid in the beginning, but about 20 minutes into it, taping improves and there are some zooms. Also some spotlight washout. B
Kiss Me Kate
Rex Smith, Rachel York, Nancy Anderson, Chuck Wagner
First minute or 2 is audio, then clear picture A
Kiss Me Kate
Brent Barrett, Rachel York, Nancy Anderson, Michael Berresse, Teddy Kemper, Jack Chissick
Professionaly filmed for PBS Television A+
Kiss Me Kate
6/08 ~ Berlin, Germany
Roger Smeets, Dagmar Haniel, Danny Costello, Sigalit Feig, Barbara Sternberger.
A production of the Komische Oper Berlin (Berlin Opera Company.) Very different interpretation of the show. From the shuffling of the songs, to the sequined “Cirque-du-Solei” costumes and at times a “Cabaret-like” darkness-this is a little odd. It is still a show within a show but the Padua location is now a Wild West/Pampas site w/ outrageous costumes and staging. Filmed for German TV. In German. A
Kiss Me Kate
10/26/13 ~ Thousand Oaks, CA
Davis Gaines, Victoria Strong, Scott Reardon, Reba Buhr, Ronald Rezac, John Paul Batista, Michael Byrne, Tom McMahon, Steve Greene, Raquel Jete, Steve Perren, Lamont Whitaker, Martin Feldman
Complete show with no blackouts, no washout, and no obstruction; filmed in 16:9 with a mix of wides, mediums, and close-ups; good clear sound is excellent and includes curtain call. Great video 2 DVDs A
Kiss Me, Kate
9/17/14 ~ Pasadena, CA
Wayne Brady, Merle Dandridge, Terrance Spencer, Joanna A Jones, Pat Towne, David Kirk Grant, Brad Blaisdell, Rogelio Douglas Jr, Jenelle Lynn Randall, Eric B Anthony, Jay Donnell, Carlton Wilborn, Armando Yearwood Jr Shamicka Benn-Moser, Kimberly Moore, Theresa Murray, Saudia Rashed
An innovative production of this Cole Porter classic featuring a predominantly African-American cast. Very nice capture with a one minute blackout during the scene between Why Can't You Behave? and Wunderbar as well as a couple other very quick dropouts; minor foot stage obstruction but that is all; excellent sound and picture; nice video 2 DVDs A
Kiss Me, Kate
12/25/14 ~ London
Ben Davis, Alexandra Silber, Tony Yazbeck and Louise Dearman.
John Wilson and his orchestra are joined by a spectacular ensemble of singers and dancers from Broadway and the West End for a unique performance of the classic musical Kiss Me, Kate.
Kiss of the Spiderwoman
DVD show is different to below.
Kiss of the Spider-Woman
May 1990 ~ Purchase, NY
Kevin Gray, Lauren Mitchell, John Rubenstein, Barbara Andres, Donn Simione, Jonathan Brody, Bill Christopher-Myers, Karen Giombetti, Ruth Gottschall, Harry Goz, Philip Hernandez, Dorie Herndon, David Koch, Rick Manning, Carl Maultsby, Lauren Mufson, Casey Nicholaw,Aurelio Padron, Forest Dino Ray, Lorraine Serabian, John Norman Thomas,Wendy Waring, Matt Zarley, Greg Zerkle
Work-shop production in a limited run as part of the New Musicals series at the State University of New York at Purchase before London; very rare; good video that is old but not too bad with nice sound and a couple of closeups B
Kiss of the Spider-Woman
Chita Rivera, Brent Carver, Anthony Crivello
Nice video from the Pre-Broadway run, filmed by camcorder; excellent picture and sound A
Kiss of the Spiderwoman
1999 ~ Beverly, MA
Nancy Hess, Michael Patemastro, Christopher Wells, Melissa Hart, Barbara Helms, Dan Sharkey, Chris Yasquez, Mike Zimmerman
A production of the North Shore Music Theatre; pro-shot, nice video with some slight generation loss but great sound B+
Kisses on a Postcard
September / October 2011 ~ Barnstaple, England
Luke Stone, Jed Kerby, Margaret Preece, James Paterson, Anja Rodford
Pro-shot with clear picture and sound; great video A
The Kissing Dance
1999 ~ Edinburgh, Scotland
Sheridan Smith
Wonderful musical version of She Stoops to Conquer by the National Youth Music Theatre; slight generation loss and a counter stays on the screen the entire show B
Knickerbocker Holiday
1/3/93 ~ Evanston, IL
Christopher Garbrecht, Sandy Borglum, Lee Strawm, Matthew Greenberg. Knickerbocker Holiday is a musical written by Kurt Weill (music) and Maxwell Anderson (book and lyrics).
Knickerbocker Holiday is both a romantic comedy and a thinly veiled allegory equating the New Deal of Franklin D. Roosevelt with fascism. A presentation of the Light Opera Works, a resident professional not-for-profit music theater in Evanston, Illinois. Filmed using one camera on a tripod. A-
Kristin Chenoweth, Into Temptation
2009 ~ Movie Drama
Kristin Chenoweth, Jeremy Sisto, Brian Baumgartner, Bruce A. Young. “A call girl (Kristin Chenoweth) goes to a priest (Jeremy Sisto) to confess a sin she hasn't committed yet: she plans to kill herself on her next birthday. Then she disappears and he goes looking for her, enlisting the help of an ad hoc congregation of troubled souls along the way”. A
Kristin Chenoweth, 12 Men of Christmas
2009 ~ Lifetime on Demand TV Movie
Kristin Chenoweth, Josh Hopkins, Anna Chlumsky
A high-powered New York publicist finds herself in Montana promoting a charity calendar after being betrayed by her boss and fiancé. Unfortunately, matters of the heart are just as complicated in the wilds as they are in the big city.
Kristin Chenoweth, Kristin (Complete 13 Episodes)
2001 ~ NBC-TV
Kristin Chenoweth, Jon Tenny, Larry Romano, Ana Ortiz, Dale Godboldo, Christopher Durang. (RARE! FULL series, including the 6 episodes which aired as well as the remaining 7 episodes that were filmed but never aired, and the shows pilot episode!) “Originally slated as a mid-season replacement, the NBC sitcom Kristin was held up for release until June 5, 2001. Tony-winning Broadway musical star Kristin Chenoweth starred in this semi-autobiographical effort as Kristin Yancey, a starry-eyed Oklahoma gal who heads to the big city in hopes of a showbiz career. After a series of desultory auditions, Kristin lands a job as personal assistant to go-getting real estate developer -- and notorious rogue -- Tommy Ballantine (Jon Tenney). Under a legal cloud because of past incidents of sexual harassment, Tommy has hired Kristin precisely because he finds her completely unappealing, and because she staunchly adheres to the sort of high moral values that he detests. In the prescribed sitcom fashion, Kristen is surrounded (practically engulfed) by wildly eccentric, ethnically stereotyped co-workers: no-nonsense Latina assistant Santa Clemente (Ana Ortiz), flippant black bike messenger Tyrique Kimbrough (Dale Godboldo), and Italian handyman Aldo Bonnadonna (Larry Romano, then pulling double duty as a regular on King of Queens). Kristin was packaged by the same people responsible for Frasier and The Cosby Show.” Three DVDs have been enhanced with an opening menu, as well as chapter access to the various episodes. 3 DVDs A
Kristin Chenoweth, Frasier
11/27/01 ~ NBC-TV
Kelsey Grammer, John Mahoney, David Hyde Pierce, Harriet Harris, and guest star Kristin Chenoweth. “Junior Agent”. Kristin plays Frasier’s annoying new agent, who won’t take no for an answer during the middle of a competition between him and a rival radio broadcaster. 30 minutes.
Late Late Show with Kristin is also on this disc. A
Kristin Chenoweth, Pushing Daisies
Season 1 ~ Complete DVDs
This romantic comedy shows us the fairy tale-like world of Ned, a man who can bring dead people back to life through the power of his touch. The same touch he must use to "kill" them after no more than a minute or another person will die. With the help of Emerson, a local PI, Ned uses his ability to solve murder cases and cash in on any rewards. But things get complicated when a murder victim turns out to be Ned's long-lost childhood crush and he decides to break the rules and let her live. show is created by Bryan Fuller, who has brought us fantasy series such as Wonderfalls and Dead Like Me. The series shares the quick-witted comedy and darker emotions of Fuller's previous shows. 3 DVDs
Kristin Chenoweth, The West Wing
Season 6 ~ Complete DVDs
The West Wing provides a glimpse into presidential politics in the nation's capital as it tells the stories of the members of a fictional presidential administration. These interesting characters have humor and dedication that touches the heart while the politics that they discuss touch on everyday life. The first six seasons focused on the administration of President Josiah 'Jed' Bartlet (Martin Sheen). The seventh and final season transitioned to the 2006 Presidential Election between Democrat Congressman Mathew Vincente Santos of Houston, Texas (Jimmy Smits) and Republican Senator Arnold Vinick of California (Alan Alda).
Kristin Chenoweth, The West Wing
Season 7 ~ Complete DVDs
The West Wing provides a glimpse into presidential politics in the nation's capital as it tells the stories of the members of a fictional presidential administration. These interesting characters have humor and dedication that touches the heart while the politics that they discuss touch on everyday life. The first six seasons focused on the administration of President Josiah 'Jed' Bartlet (Martin Sheen). The seventh and final season transitioned to the 2006 Presidential Election between Democrat Congressman Mathew Vincente Santos of Houston, Texas (Jimmy Smits) and Republican Senator Arnold Vinick of California (Alan Alda).
Kristin Chenoweth, Sit Down and Shut Up
2009 ~ Animated Series
Sit Down, Shut Up is based on the Australian show of the same name. Featuring animated characters against non-animated backgrounds, the show focuses on the lives and quirks of nine staffers of small town Knob Haven High School in Florida. Stars: Kristin Chenoweth as Miracle Crohe, Will Arnett, Jason Bateman, Henry Winkler and many more. 3 DVDs
Kristin Chenoweth, Legally Mad
Pilot ~ (single episode)
A Legal-themed series about a father and a daughter who are both lawyers. Kristin Chenoweth stars as Skippy Pylon, a talented attorney who just may be a little bit crazy.
Kristin Chenoweth
Ellen (full show) and Jimmy Kimmel (full show, Includes Krisitn sitting in on the next guest and her appearance at the end)
Kristin Chenoweth
Late Late Show and Fraiser (Kristin Episode full)
Kristin Chenoweth
Kristen Chenoweth: Live at the Met
1/19/07 ~ New York
Amazing concert and amazingly captured. Songs include: Gorgeous, Popular, Goin’ To The Dance Tonight, Boy, If, Taylor, The Latte Boy, You’re Easy To Dance With, The Girl In 14G, Italian Street Song, Love Somebody Now, How Can I Lose You?, Run Away, Show Me The Way, Glitter And Be Gay, What Makes Me Love Him? and about 4 others. The end of Popular she does in "opera" style which is fantastic. Includes Kirsten's interview on NY1. A
Restricted Trades
Kristin Chenoweth
Oscars ~ 2008 (whole show as you can see her seated behind Daniel Day Lewis thoughout the whole show)
Kristin Chenoweth
An Evening at The Boston Pops
2004 ~ PBS-TV
Kristin join conductor Keith Lockhart and The Boston Pops at Boston's Symphony Hall and sings a few numbers. Keith also travels to Los Angeles and visits with director Rob Marshall. A
Kristin Chenoweth
6/29/12 ~ Chicago, IL
Final Concert that was astonishing and beautifully captured in HD; songs include: Home, Going to the Dance, Maybe This Time My Coloring Book, Hard Times, I'll Never Fall in Love Again, One Less Bell/A House Is Not a Home, Fathers and Daughters, Upon This Rock, Bring Him Home (The Prayer), In These Shoes, Popular, For Good, WWDD, Wishing You Were Somehow Here Again, What If We Never, I'm Tired, Enough Is Enough, All The Things You Are, I Was Here, I Will Always Love You, Till There Was You. Great clear video 2 DVDs A
Kristin Chenoweth
Kristin Chenoweth:The Dames of Broadway...All of 'Em!!
3/24/13 ~ Proshot
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