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What is the US state capital of Minnesota? | Minnesota State Facts - 50States.com
Minnesota Facts and Trivia
Minnesotan baseball commentator Halsey Hal was the first to say 'Holy Cow' during a baseball broadcast.
The Mall of America in Bloomington is the size of 78 football fields --- 9.5 million square feet.
Minnesota Inventions: Masking and Scotch tape, Wheaties cereal, Bisquick, HMOs, the bundt pan, Aveda beauty products, and Green Giant vegetables
The St. Lawrence Seaway opened in 1959 allowing oceangoing ships to reach Duluth.
Minneapolis is home to the oldest continuously running theater (Old Log Theater) and the largest dinner theater (Chanhassan Dinner Theater) in the country.
The original name of the settlement that became St. Paul was Pig's Eye. Named for the French-Canadian whiskey trader, Pierre "Pig's Eye" Parrant, who had led squatters to the settlement.
The world's largest pelican stands at the base of the Mill Pond dam on the Pelican River, right in downtown Pelican Rapids. The 15 1/2 feet tall concrete statue was built in 1957.
The Minneapolis Sculpture Garden is the largest urban sculpture garden in the country.
The Guthrie Theater is the largest regional playhouse in the country.
Minneapolis famed skyway system connecting 52 blocks (nearly five miles) of downtown makes it possible to live, eat, work and shop without going outside.
Minneapolis has more golfers per capita than any other city in the country.
The climate-controlled Metrodome is the only facility in the country to host a Super Bowl, a World Series and a NCAA Final Four Basketball Championship.
Minnesota has 90,000 miles of shoreline, more than California, Florida and Hawaii combined.
The nations first Better Business Bureau was founded in Minneapolis in 1912.
The first open heart surgery and the first bone marrow transplant in the United States were done at the University of Minnesota.
Bloomington and Minneapolis are the two farthest north latitude cities to ever host a World Series game.
Madison is the "Lutefisk capital of the United States".
Rochester is home of the world famous Mayo Clinic. The clinic is a major teaching and working facility. It is known world wide for its doctor's expertise and the newest methods of treatments.
The Bergquist cabin, built in 1870 by John Bergquist, a Swedish immigrant, is the oldest house in Moorhead still on its original site.
For many years, the world's largest twine ball has sat in Darwin. It weighs 17,400 pounds, is twelve feet in diameter, and was the creation of Francis A. Johnson.
The stapler was invented in Spring Valley.
In 1956, Southdale, in the Minneapolis suburb of Edina, was the first enclosed climate-controlled suburban Shop50states.
Private Milburn Henke of Hutchinson was the first enlisted man to land with the first American Expeditionary Force in Europe in WWII on January 26, 1942.
The first practical water skis were invented in 1922 by Ralph W. Samuelson, who steam-bent 2 eight-foot-long pine boards into skies. He took his first ride behind a motorboat on a lake in Lake City.
In Olivia a single half-husked cob towers over a roadside gazebo. It is 25 feet tall, made of fiberglass, and has been up since 1973.
The first Children's department in a Library is said to be that of the Minneapolis Public Library, which separated children's books from the rest of the collection in Dec. 1889.
The first Automatic Pop-up toaster was marketed in June 1926 by McGraw Electric Co. in Minneapolis under the name Toastmaster. The retail price was $13.50.
On September 2, 1952, a 5 year old girl was the first patient to under go a heart operation in which the deep freezing technique was employed. Her body temperature, except for her head, was reduced to 79 degrees Fahrenheit. Dr. Floyd Lewis at the Medical School of the University of Minnesota performed the operation.
The first Aerial Ferry was put into Operation on April 9, 1905, over the ship canal between Duluth to Minnesota Point. It had room enough to accommodate 6 automobiles. Round trip took 10 min.
Rollerblades were the first commercially successful in-line Roller Skates. Minnesota students Scott and Brennan Olson invented them in 1980, when they were looking for a way to practice Hockey during the off-season. Their design was an ice hockey boot with 3 inline wheels instead of a blade.
The first Intercollegiate Basketball game was played in Minnesota on February 9,1895.
In 1919 a Minneapolis factory turned out the nations first armored cars.
Tonka Trucks were developed and are continued to be manufactured in Minnetonka.
Hormel Company of Austin marketed the first canned ham in 1926. Hormel introduced Spam in 1937.
Introduced in August 1963, The Control Data 6600, designed by Control Data Corp. of Chippewa Falls, was the first Super Computer. It was used by the military to simulate nuclear explosions and break Soviet codes. These computers also were used to model complex phenomena such as hurricanes and galaxies.
Candy maker Frank C. Mars of Minnesota introduced the Milky Way candy bar in 1923. Mars marketed the Snickers bar in 1930 and introduced the 5 cent Three Musketeers bar in 1937. The original 3 Musketeers bar contained 3 bars in one wrapper. Each with different flavor nougat.
A Jehovah's Witness was the first patient to receive a transfusion of artificial blood in 1979 at the University of Minnesota Hospital. He had refused a transfusion of real blood because of his religious beliefs.
Minnesota has one recreational boat per every six people, more than any other state.
There are 201 Mud Lakes, 154 Long Lakes, and 123 Rice Lakes commonly named in Minnesota.
The Hull-Rust mine in Hibbing became the largest open-pit mine in the world.
Minnesota's waters flow outward in three directions: north to Hudson Bay in Canada, east to the Atlantic Ocean, and south to the Gulf of Mexico.
At the confluence of the Big Fork and Rainy Rivers on the Canadian border near International Falls stands the largest Indian burial mound in the upper midwest. It is known as the Grand Mound historic site.
Author Laura Ingalls Wilder lived on Plum Creek near Walnut Grove.
Akeley is birthplace and home of world's largest Paul Bunyan Statue. The kneeling Paul Bunyan is 20 feet tall. He might be the claimed 33 feet tall, if he were standing.
Hibbing is the birthplace of the American bus industry. It sprang from the business acumen of Carl Wickman and Andrew "Bus Andy" Anderson - who opened the first bus line (with one bus) between the towns of Hibbing and Alice in 1914. The bus line grew to become Greyhound Lines, Inc.
The first official hit in the Metrodome in Minneapolis was made by Pete Rose playing for the Cincinnati Reds in a preseason game.
Polaris Industries of Roseau invented the snowmobile.
Twin Cities-based Northwest Airlines was the first major airline to ban smoking on international flights.
Alexander Anderson of Red Wing discovered the processes to puff wheat and rice giving us the indispensable rice cakes.
In 1898, the Kensington Rune stone was found on the farm of Olaf Ohman, near Alexandria. The Kensington Rune stone carvings allegedly tell of a journey of a band of Vikings in 1362.
Thanks to: Phil Douglas, Ward Blumer
| Paul the Apostle |
How many red stripes are on the American national flag? | Minnesota: Map, History, Population, Facts, Capitol, Flag, Tree, Geography, Symbols
Nicknames: North Star State; Gopher State; Land of 10,000 Lakes
Origin of name: From a Dakota Indian word meaning “sky-tinted water”
10 largest cities (2012): Minneapolis , 392,880; St. Paul , 290,770; Rochester , 108,992; Duluth , 86,211; Bloomington, 86,033 Brooklyn Park, 77,752; Plymouth, 72,928; St. Cloud, 65,986; Eagan, 64,854; Woodbury, 64,496
Land area: 79,610 sq mi. (206,190 sq km)
Geographic center: In Crow Wing Co., 10 mi. SW of Brainerd
Number of counties: 87
Largest county by population and area: Hennepin, 1,152,425 (2010); St. Louis, 6,226 sq mi.
State forests: 58 (nearly 4 million ac.)
State parks: 72
2015 resident population est: 5,489,594
2010 resident census population (rank): 5,303,925 (21). Male: 2,632,132; Female: 2,671,793. White: 4,524,062 (88.0%); Black: 274,412 (4.4%); American Indian: 60,916 (1.0%); Asian: 214,234 (3.5%); Other race: 103,000 (1.4%); Two or more races: 125,145 (1.8%); Hispanic/Latino: 250,258 (4.0%). 2010 population 18 and over: 4,019,862; 65 and over: 683,121; median age: 37.3.
Following the visits of several French explorers, fur traders, and missionaries, including Jacques Marquette , Louis Joliet , and Robert Cavelier, Sieur de la Salle , the region was claimed for Louis XIV by Daniel Greysolon, Sieur Duluth , in 1679.
The U.S. acquired eastern Minnesota from Great Britain after the Revolutionary War and 20 years later bought the western part from France in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. Much of the region was explored by U.S. Army lieutenant Zebulon M. Pike before the northern strip of Minnesota bordering Canada was ceded by Britain in 1818.
The state is rich in natural resources. A few square miles of land in the north in the Mesabi , Cuyuna, and Vermilion ranges produce more than 75% of the nation's iron ore. The state's farms rank high in yields of corn, wheat, rye, alfalfa, and sugar beets. Other leading farm products include butter, eggs, milk, potatoes, green peas, barley, soybeans, oats, and livestock.
Minnesota's factories produce nonelectrical machinery, fabricated metals, flour-mill products, plastics, electronic computers, scientific instruments, and processed foods. The state is also a leader in the printing and paper-products industries.
Minneapolis is the trade center of the Midwest, and the headquarters of the world's largest super-computer and grain distributor. St. Paul is the nation's biggest publisher of calendars and law books. These “twin cities” are the nation's third-largest trucking center. Duluth has the nation's largest inland harbor and now handles a significant amount of foreign trade. Rochester is home to the Mayo Clinic, a world-famous medical center.
Tourism is a major revenue producer in Minnesota, with arts, fishing, hunting, water sports, and winter sports bringing in millions of visitors each year.
Among the most popular attractions are the St. Paul Winter Carnival; the Tyrone Guthrie Theatre, the Institute of Arts, Walker Art Center, and Minnehaha Park, in Minneapolis; Boundary Waters Canoe Area; Voyageurs National Park; North Shore Drive; the Minnesota Zoological Gardens; and the state's more than 10,000 lakes.
See more on Minnesota:
Selected famous natives and residents:
LaVerne, Maxene, and Patti Andrews singers;
| i don't know |
In the children’s television show, what is the name of the yellow Teletubby? | Teletubbies (Show) | Teletubbies Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia
Original run
31 March 1997 (1997-03-31) – 16 February 2001 (2001-02-16) (UK)
Teletubbies is a BBC children's television series , primarily aimed at pre-school viewers, produced from 1997 to 2001 by Ragdoll Productions . It was created by Anne Wood CBE , Ragdoll's creative director, and Andrew Davenport, who wrote each of the show's 369 episodes. The programmer's original narrator was Tim Whitnall . The programme first aired on 31 March 1997, was syndicated in the United States on the PBS network on 3 April 1997 and new episodes aired until mid 2005 with reruns airing until August 2008.
In 2001 production was canceled and it was announced that no new episodes would be produced, with the last episode being aired on 16 February 2001. However, a total of 369 episodes had been produced – enough for a full year. The series was one of four PBS shows to be taken off its regular airing, the other shows being Boohbah (in 2005), Reading Rainbow (in 2006) and Mister Rogers Neighborhood (in 2008).
The program rapidly became a critical and commercial success in Britain and abroad (particularly notable for its high production values), and won a BAFTA in 1998. Teletubbies Everywhere was awarded "Best Pre-school Live Action Series" at the 2002 Children's BAFTA Awards.
The program revolves around the adventures of Teletubbies, Tinky Winky, who is purple, Dipsy, who is green, Laa-Laa, who is yellow, and Po, who is red. In the show, the four colourful Teletubbies play in the cheerful and fun Teletubbyland. They do things that little children like to do, such as rolling on the ground, laughing, running about, and watching real children on the televisions on their stomachs. Mysterious speakers rise out of the ground to show the days' activities. The sun, who has a baby's face, makes baby noises during the show, and it rises and sets to begin and end the show. The baby was portrayed by Jessica Smith.
Although the program is aimed at children between the ages of one and four, it has a popularity with older generations. The mixture of bright colors, unusual designs, repetitive non-verbal dialogue, ritualistic format, and the occasional forays into physical comedy appealed to a demographic who perceived the program as having psychedelic qualities. Teletubbies was controversial for this reason, and also for a perception that it was insufficiently educational.
The program was also at the centre of a controversy when American cleric and conservative pundit Jerry Falwell claimed in 1999 that Tinky Winky, one of the Teletubbies, was a homosexual role model for children. Falwell based this conclusion on the character's purple colour and his triangular antenna; both the colour purple and the triangle are sometimes used as symbols of the Gay Pride movement.
However, despite an ensuing boycott, the program remained in production for two more years, and "Teletubbies say "Eh-oh!", a single based on the show's theme song, reached number 1 in the UK Singles Chart in December 1997 and remained in the Top 75 for 32 weeks, selling over a million copies.
Contents
[ show ]
Overview
The programme features 4 colourful characters: Tinky Winky, Dipsy, Laa-Laa, and Po, who live in a futuristic dome (the "Tubbytronic Superdome"), set in a landscape of rolling green hills. The environment is dotted with unusually talkative flowers and periscope-like "voice trumpets". The only natural fauna are rabbits (although birds are often heard, particularly blackcaps and wrens [ citation needed ]). The climate is always sunny and pleasant save for occasional inclement days, with rain and puddles, and snow at Christmas time. The Teletubbies are played by actors dressed in bulky costumes, although the sets are designed to give no sense of scale. The Teletubbies don't normally wear real clothes other than the coloured suits they wear. They have metallic silver-azure rectangular "screens" adorning their abdomens . These screens are used to segue into short film sequences, which are generally repeated at least once. When the series is shown in different countries around the world, the film inserts can be tailored to suit local audiences, or default to the British ones. The Teletubbies magical events on this show includes:
A tree appears and a series of white doves appear on it, the tree eventually loses it's leaves and vanishes
A carousel-like object lands on it's grass and a teddy bear tap dances on it's stage
A pink house slowly fades in Teletubbyland, and a puppet man sings from his window
A series of Noah's ark animals in two's of tiger, penguin, snake, elephant, flamingo, butterly, tortoise, giraffe and frog
Teletubbyland fills with sea water and three Queen Mary-like ships sail by across the water
A series of Little Bo Peep story and clouds come into sheep and falls down, And Little Bo Peep appears with a stick
The bear and lion in Teletubbyland and chase after them, The bear with brown fuzzy hair. And the lion chases after the bear in Teletubbyland
The Teletubbies have the body proportions, behaviour, and language of toddlers . The pacing and design of the show was developed by cognitive psychologist Andrew Davenport, who structured the show to fit the attention spans of the target audience. The repetition of practically every word is familiar to everyone who has ever worked with young children.
The Teletubbies speak in a gurgling baby language which is the subject of some controversy among educationalists, some of whom argue that this supposedly made-up talk is not good for children. [7 ] (A similar complaint was made forty years previously about another children's series, Flower Pot Men .) The Teletubbies are at the stage of understanding speech but not yet fully capable of articulating it, exactly like their target audience. They often simply groan in disapproval in situations where a human toddler would throw a tantrum. The Teletubbies' catch-phrases are "Eh-oh" ( hello ), as in: "Eh-oh, Laa-Laa", to which Laa-Laa will respond, "Eh-oh, (other Teletubby's name)", "Uh-oh", a common toddler response to anything that's not good, "Run away! Run away!", especially from Dipsy, and "Bye-bye" at least three times in a row. Laa-Laa, when flustered, will explode with "Bibberly cheese!", which is as angry as the Teletubbies get. But perhaps the most common exclamation is "Big hug!" which one or more of the Teletubbies will invariably call for during the course of an episode, resulting in an enthusiastic group hug. Sometimes when the Teletubbies sit down, fall over, or touch their bottoms against another they make a parp sound. If they kick their legs, bump into their tummies, or have a big hug, they jingle.
All the Teletubbies say "Bye-Bye" three times. The narrator bids each Teletubby goodbye, and they disappear, but reappear a moment later saying "Boo!". The narrator then says "No", (which they copy) and proceeds to say goodbye to each Teletubby again. The sun is then shown setting, and the Teletubbies each say goodbye again, before jumping down a hole in the roof of their house. Finally, one Teletubby says goodbye a fourth time; they pop out of a hole in the house and say "Bye-bye!". For special episodes, and at the end of the "Fun With The Teletubbies" cassette, all four Teletubbies say "Bye-bye" in this way. Many of the occurrences of the show, including the end sequence, and the scene preceding the short film broadcast on a character's tummy were shot only once, and the same scenes are used in each episode. A prominent feature of each episode is a radiant sun with the image of a smiling baby superimposed upon it. The baby in the sun occasionally laughs out loud in short bursts.
Their diet seems to be almost exclusively "Tubby Custard" mispronounced as Tubby Tustard by the characters (which is created by a Tubby Custard machine, looking like some sort of DJ-gramophone, completely with light effects. The custard is consumed by either dumping the bowl into one's mouth, or sucking through a spiral straw) and "Tubby Toast" (circular toast with a smiley face on it), and they are spectacularly messy eaters. In two episodes, the "Tubby Toaster", the machine that makes "Tubby Toast" goes seriously wrong and fills the Teletubbies' house with toast. Fortunately, one of their companions is Noo-Noo, a vacuum cleaner . The Teletubbies' landscape is an outdoor set located in rural Warwickshire , England, at Sweet Knowle Farm, Redhill Bank Rd, Whimpstone, CV37 8NR (between Stratford upon Avon and Shipston on Stour , close to the River Stour [8 ]).
Since filming ended, the fixtures and fittings have been removed from the set, and it appears to have been flooded to form a pond (two fields South of the farmhouse, which is where the postcode points to on the online maps). The paved track leading to the former set still exists, and is the only extant reminder.[ citation needed ] Until recently,[ when? ] the MS Live Maps view showed the site "in action" – complete with numerous articulated trucks parked at the end of the track. Their image has now been updated as well, but a copy has been preserved at this fansite . The farm has found a new way to supplement their income – an aquatics centre (fish and pondplant sales).
Characters
Tinky Winky (played by Dave Thompson , Mark Heenehan, and Simon Shelton) is the first Teletubby. He is the largest of the Teletubbies, is covered in purple terrycloth, and has a triangular antenna on his head. He is notable for the red luggage (described by the show as a "magic bag", but often described by other media as a handbag) he always carries. His character has caused controversy due to allegations that his character's behavior, bag and body colour have homosexual qualities ( see below ).
Dipsy (played by John Simmit) is the second Teletubby. He is green and is named "Dipsy" because his antenna resembles a dipstick . He likes his black and white furry top hat , which he once lost. Laa-Laa found it, but instead of simply returning Dipsy's hat to the stricken Dipsy, she ran around it for about ten minutes shouting "Dipsy Hat! Dipsy Hat!". He is the most stubborn of the Teletubbies, and will sometimes refuse to go along with the other Teletubbies' group opinion. His face is also notably darker than the rest of the Teletubbies, and the creators have stated that he is Black . [9 ]
Laa-Laa (played by Nikky Smedley) is the third Teletubby. She is yellow, and has a curly antenna. She likes to sing and dance, and is often seen to look out for the other Teletubbies. Her favourite thing is a bouncy, orange ball, which is almost as big as she is.
Po (played by Pui Fan Lee ) is the fourth and last Teletubby. She is the smallest and youngest of the Teletubbies, is red, and has an antenna shaped like a stick used for blowing soap bubbles . Her favourite object is her scooter , which she calls "scoota" (she also calls it "Po 'cooter!", or just "cooter"). Po can sometimes be mischievous and naughty, as when she disobeys the commands of the "Voice Trumpets". She has been stated by the show's creators to be Cantonese , [9 ] and as such, she is bilingual, speaking both English and Cantonese. Although many are unsure of Po's gender, or consider her to be male (possibly because of her scarlet colour and tomboyish antics), she is clearly referred to as female in several episodes, such as "Dad's Portrait" (Episode 216, first broadcast 1998) and "Numbers: 2" (Episode 30). Many refer to her as "he" even though it is "she" (the same happens with Laa-Laa).
Noo-Noo (played by Mark Dean) seems to be both the Teletubbies' guardian and housekeeper, due to its resemblance to a vacuum cleaner , which is its principal purpose in the house. Noo-Noo hardly ventures outside, instead remaining indoors and constantly cleaning with its sucker-like nose. It does not speak like the other characters, instead communicating through a series of slurping and sucking noises. At times, Noo-Noo gets annoyed with the Teletubbies' antics and can vacuum their food or toys. This usually prompts the Teletubbies to scold Noo-Noo through a cry of "Naughty Noo-Noo!". Usually after this, Noo-Noo flees and the Teletubbies pursue it comically around the house until they grow tired, are distracted by something, or forgive Noo-Noo. This sequence ends with them hugging it, or with it shooting out their absorbed objects.
The show also features the voices of Tim Whitnall who played the Little Lamb and the Voice Trumpets, Rolf Saxon who played the Dog. Robin Stevens who played the Talking Flowers, and Toyah Willcox , who says the Rhyme "Over the Hills and Far away Teletubbies come to play" and also played Little Bo Peep, Alex Pascal who plays the Sheep and sings with children in some of the Teletubby Tummy videos e.g Tweet Tweet and Handy Hands. Eric Sykes who also played the Scary Lion with Big Scary Teeth, and Penelope Keith who also played the Bear with Brown Fuzzy Hair, all of whom provide narration. The only physical cast members are the Rabbits, who don't speak, and Smith Jessica Smith , a seven month old baby, whose face depicts the Baby Sun. [10 ] Her giggle was included in the single Teletubbies Say Eh-Oh!. Although she was not credited, this makes her technically the youngest person ever to have their vocal appear in a number one song.
Character mnemonics
The antenna shapes of each Teletubbie provides mnemonic clues as to the character's name:
Triangle: "Tinky Winky"
Promotion
Teletubbies 10th Anniversary events
To commemorate the 10th anniversary of the premiere of Teletubbies, a series of events took place at the end of March through the beginning of April 2007. [11 ] The characters appeared outside of Teletubbyland for the first time on 21 March 2007 in London, England at an invitation-only event to officially begin the programme's tenth anniversary year sponsored by BBC Worldwide, the programme's licensees. They appeared in the United States for the first time. They made appearances in New York City's Times Square , Grand Central Station , and Apollo Theater . They also appeared on The Today Show on 29 March 2007. The episode included the first ever televised interview with the actors outside of their costumes. A partnership was formed with Isaac Mizrahi in which Isaac designed Teletubbies-inspired bags to be auctioned off to benefit the Cure Autism Now and Autism Speaks charities. A new line of clothing was launched to be sold in the Pop-Up Shop and other specialty stores. New York City mayor Mike Bloomberg announced March 28, 2007 "Teletubbies Day" and gave the key to the city to the Teletubbies.
TakeTheTeletubbiesTest.com
TakeTheTeletubbiesTest.com launched on 26 March 2007. On the website, users can create profiles, take "tests", ask Po questions, and submit their own pictures and videos. There was also a station set up at the Teletubbies Pop-Up Shop where visitors could record themselves giving their reactions to the Teletubbies programme and upload it onto the website.
Pop-Up Shop
A Pop-Up Shop opened in New York City's West Village from 28 March to 7 April 2007. [12 ] The opening night party was DJ'ed by MisShapes. A percentage of the store's profits went to the Cure Autism Now and Autism Speaks charities. DJs from all different genres of music ( electronica , funk , Brazilian jazz [ disambiguation needed ], old school hip hop , alternative rock and house music ) played in the store in the evenings. Some evenings included DJ scratching lessons and record spin art. On 6 April 2007, the store held a 12-hour Teletubbies viewing marathon .
Teletubbies live events
Following the Teletubbies' appearance in New York City , they went on their first live European tour, performing shows in London , Paris , Bremen , Darmstadt , Halle (Saale) , Hamburg , Köln , and Hannover .
Are You the 5th Teletubby?
Also in celebration of the Teletubbies' 10th anniversary, a contest was held at 5thTeletubby.com where fans can create videos of themselves as the "5th Teletubby," a character of their own creation. Audio and video clips from the show are available on the website for the entrants to use in creating their videos.
Reception
Tinky Winky controversy
Tinky Winky started a still hinted-at controversy in 1999 due to his carrying a bag that looks much like a woman's handbag (although he was first " outed " by the academic and cultural critic Andy Medhurst in a letter of July 1997 to The Face ). He aroused the interest of Jerry Falwell in 1999 when Falwell alleged that the character was a " gay role model". Falwell issued an attack in his National Liberty Journal , citing a Washington Post "In/Out" column which stated that lesbian comedian Ellen DeGeneres was "out" as the chief national gay representative, while trendy Tinky Winky was "in". He warned parents that Tinky Winky could be a hidden homosexual symbol, because "he is purple, the gay pride colour, and his antenna is shaped like a triangle: the gay pride symbol". [6 ]
The BBC , who co-produced the programme, made an official response, "Tinky Winky is simply a sweet, technological baby with a magic bag." Kenn Viselman of Itsy-Bitsy Entertainment , who distributed the show in the USA, commented, "He's not gay. He's not straight . He's just a character in a children's series." [13 ]
In May 2007, Polish Ombudsman for Children Ewa Sowińska revisited the matter, and planned to order an investigation. [14 ] She said in the 28 May 2007 edition of Wprost that the handbag-carrying Tinky Winky could promote homosexuality. Journalists from Wprost mentioned claims that the Teletubbies promote homosexuality, to which Sowińska replied that she had heard of the issue. The journalists then asked about Tinky Winky. "I noticed that he has a woman's handbag, but I didn't realize he's a boy," Sowińska told the magazine in an interview that her office approved before publication, adding, "Later I learned that there could be some hidden homosexual undertones." Sowińska said she would ask her office's psychologists to look into the allegations, "and judge whether it can be shown on public television and whether the suggested problem really exists."
But on 30 May 2007, Sowińska said in a public statement that she no longer suspected the Teletubbies of promoting homosexuality. She said: "The opinion of a leading sexologist , who maintains that this series has no negative effects on a child's psychology, is perfectly credible. As a result I have decided that it is no longer necessary to seek the opinion of other psychologists." [15 ]
Despite the objections, the Independent on Sunday 's editors included Tinky Winky as the only fictional character in the 2008 inaugural " Happy List ", alongside 99 real-life adults recognised for making Britain a better and happier place. [16 ]
Teletubby doll incidents
In an unrelated incident, reported in 2000, a girl's Tinky Winky toy reportedly said "I Got a Gun, I Got a Gun, Run Away!". Kenn Viselman claimed the toy actually said "Again, again!", a catchphrase from the show. [17 ] In a similar incident in 1998, a girl's talking Po doll was thought to be saying "faggot faggot, faggot faggot, faggot faggot, bite my butt", as well as "fatty, fatty". (Supporters of the interpretation of Tinky Winky as the gay pride symbol might take this as evidence.) The toy was recalled and it was revealed to have said "fidit, fidit," inspired by the Cantonese for "faster, faster". [18 ]
Supposed Pagan agenda
A Christian ministry ( Kjos Ministries ) has argued online that the Teletubbies represent an attempt to promote a "new global paradigm" of "earth-centered" spirituality in contrast to conservative Christian beliefs. [19 ]
Teletubbies in popular culture
In the webstrip Sluggy Freelance dated 9 March 1999, the characters Torg and Riff discuss the fact that "Drinky Winky" from the "Teletubbles" is "an abusive drunk because of the bottle of booze he carries", says Torg reading from a newspaper. Riff counters saying "That's not a bottle of booze! It's his magic bottle that makes his problems go away! (...) never mind." Torg goes on reading, "The abusive side of Drinky Winky is demonstrated by..." to which Riff argues "Tipsy and Hoe had it coming!" [20 ]
In 1998, Tom Fulp of Newgrounds created a spoof of Teletubbies called "Teletubby Fun Land" [21 ] " which resulted in a law suit from the BBC . [22 ] This resulted in a boost of notoriety and media exposure , and the video was renamed Tellybubby Fun Land.
In 1999, the characters inspired a dancehall reggae riddim of the same name.
In The Simpsons episode Hello Gutter, Hello Fadder Homer dresses up like a Teletubby to entertain Maggie, remarking "...and I'm all man, in case you heard otherwise" in reference to claims by Jerry Falwell. In the episode Missionary: Impossible , the Teletubbies are among the PBS characters and personalities that are chasing Homer after he defaulted on his $10,000 dollar pledge.
In The Fairly OddParents episode "Imaginary Gary," TV Tubbies, based on the Teletubbies, were stored inside Timmy's mind. One of each TV Tubbie was also used to block Cosmo and Wanda's ears to stop them from hearing Timmy.
In 2007, a Jeep commercial featured Jeeps driving through famous scenes in history and popular culture, including an Elvis Presley film, a Godzilla film, the moon landing, Woodstock , a Road Runner cartoon, a Jane Goodall documentary, Devo's " Whip It " music video, at the fall of the Berlin Wall , an episode of Lost , and in Teletubbyland with Laa-Laa and Po. [23 ]
In September 2007, in a hazing ritual for the Boston Red Sox , pitcher Daisuke Matsuzaka and his translator, Masa Hoshino, dressed as Dipsy and Tinky Winky, respectively. [24 ]
In the 2007 episode of BBC 's Doctor Who , " The Sound of Drums ", The Doctor 's nemesis, The Master , watches television and upon encountering the Teletubbies, marvels at the evolution that has given them televisions in their chests.
In the June 6, 2007; second season, eleventh episode of The Chaser's War on Everything , the possibility of Tinky Winky being Homosexual was parodied when the Chaser's tested the Peel Hotel (in Collingwood , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia )'s gaydar (the Hotel's Peel dancebar was given the right to ban Hetrosexual patrons) with a Tinky Winky costumed figure that acted in a stereotypical Homosexual fashion. The controversy surrounding this possibility was further satirised with the Tinky Winky figure visiting a Polish Club (Poland having been dealing with a scandal surrounding Tinky Winky being possibly Homosexual and thus corrupting children).
In the eighth season of Dancing with the Stars , Bruno Tonioli said the he didn't know if Steve Wozniak 's dance was "hilarious or delirious", "it was like watching a Teletubby go mad at a gay pride parade!". [25 ]
In an episode of Absolutely Fabulous , Bubble can be seen wearing a dress with all four Teletubbies on it. She also speaks in a way similar to Teletubbies throughout the episode.
An online video on YouTube shows all four teletubbies dancing to a song by Matisyahu.
Children in Need 2015 features a sketch with Harry Hill dressing up as the baby-sun with Laa-Laa.
CD single
Main article: Teletubbies say "Eh-oh!" In December 1997, BBC Worldwide released a CD single from the series, based on the show's theme song, called Teletubbies say "Eh-oh!". The song is the only single from Teletubbies, making them a one-hit wonder in the United Kingdom, and mostly a remix of the theme song from the hit Television programme performed by the series characters written by Andrew McCrorie-Shand and Andrew Davenport. Produced by McCrorie-Shand and Steve James, this single reached number 1 in the UK Singles Chart in December 1997, remaining in the Top 75 for 32 weeks after its release, selling over a million copies. [26 ]
Outtakes
^ "Edutainment: How the Teletubbies Teach Children" . Crossroad.to. http://crossroad.to/text/articles/teletubbies10-99.html . Retrieved 2010-07-10.
Reception
In 1998, Tom Fulp of Newgrounds created a spoof of Teletubbies called "Teletubby Fun Land"[16] which resulted in a lawsuit from the BBC.[17] This resulted in a boost of notoriety and media exposure, and the video was renamed Tellybubby Fun Land.
In The Simpsons episode "Hello Gutter, Hello Fadder", Homer dresses up like a Teletubby to entertain Maggie, remarking "...and I'm all man, in case you heard otherwise" in reference to claims by Jerry Falwell.
In the 6 June 2007, second season, eleventh episode of The Chaser's War on Everything, the possibility of Tinky Winky being homosexual was parodied when the Chaser's tested the Peel Hotel (in Collingwood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia)'s gaydar (the hotel's Peel dancebar was given the right to ban heterosexual patrons) with a Tinky Winky costumed figure that acted in a stereotypical homosexual fashion.
In 2012, during a full 2nd and 3rd season of tvN's Saturday Night Live Korea, South Korean live comic variety show which inspired by its then-creative director Jang Jin, was parodied this programme as YeouidoTeletubbies(여의도 텔레토비) to portrait 2012 presidential election campaign, by imitating Teletubbies' characters. Each week on Weekend Update(Korean edition) segment, this experimental skit was popular, by reviewing on several social networking sites and online bulletin boards and video clips, such as Youtube. Both the popularity of SNL Korea's 'Crew', Kim Seul-gie and Kim Min-kyo, who acted major candidates respectably, had skyrocketed.
In the first episode from the first season (Junk in the Trunk) of Robot Chicken, an orange teletubby, smokes. In the episode Eaten by Cats, Teletubbies is Power Rangers.
| Teletubbies |
What colour rose is the title of a Thin Lizzy song? | Teletubbies (TV Series 1997–2001) - IMDb
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In this television show for babies, the four colourful Teletubbies coo and play in idyllic Teletubbyland. They repeat fun, infant-pleasing activities such as rolling on the ground, laughing... See full summary »
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Videos
Bob the Builder (TV Series 1999)
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Bob the Builder is the animated adventures of Bob and his machines. Working together to overcome various challenges they get the job done.
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Directors: Vic Finch, David G. Hillier, and 2 more credits »
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Puppets who are friends going through trouble, puberty, and sometimes get up to no good. Join them as they learn the meaning of friendship.
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From pretending to be a pilot on a make-believe airplane to pretending to be a pirate in search of buried treasure, Barney's friends discover that creativity lets them soar in the wings of imagination!
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A young boy named noddy makes new friends and goes on lots of adventures.
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Bear lives in a Big Blue House with several of his muppet friends: Treelo the lemur, Ojo the bear cub, Tutter the mouse, and Pip and Pop the otters. Every day bear uses his reassuringly ... See full summary »
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Pingu is a clay penguin who is very mischievous and playful. He lives in the Antarctic where he plays with his family and his friend the seal. His signature sound is something like "noot noot".
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The many adventures of full-size bananas, B1 and B2. They live on Cuddles Avenue which is also home to three Teddies (Amy, Lulu and Morgan) and a sneaky Rat-in-a-Hat.
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Dora the Explorer (TV Series 2000)
Animation | Adventure | Family
Along with her friend Monkey Boots, Dora goes on adventures.
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64 Zoo Lane (TV Series 1999)
Animation | Family
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 6.4/10 X
64 zoo lane is a kid show about a girl who goes out side her house at night to play with her zoo friends including a giraffe zebra and more. The show is definitely a show for the whole family to watch.
Stars: Adrienne Posta, Keith Wickham, Dan Russell
Edit
Storyline
In this television show for babies, the four colourful Teletubbies coo and play in idyllic Teletubbyland. They repeat fun, infant-pleasing activities such as rolling on the ground, laughing, running about, and watching real children on the televisions on their bellies. Mysterious pinwheels and telephones rise out of the meadow to loosely direct the day's activities. The Sun, featuring a baby's face, comments on the proceedings with baby noises, and it rises and sets to begin and end the show. Written by Carl J. Youngdahl <[email protected]>
6 April 1998 (USA) See more »
Also Known As:
Did You Know?
Trivia
"Teletubby Land" was a farmer's field in Stratford-Upon-Avon. The set only had temporary planning permission, so once the show ended production in 2001, the set had to be turned back into a flat field. See more »
Quotes
(Silicon Valley, CA) – See all my reviews
This show was created for the pre-speaking age set, and had early childhood development and linguistics experts supervising. Of COURSE anyone old enough to write doesn't 'get it" so the reviews and rating here suffer from the fact that no one who appreciates the showcan rate it!
All I know is my then 1.5 year old would not sit still for any other children's show, but Teletubbies would grab him for the whole half hour.; They clearly did something right. I don't know if it made him a better person, but he seems normal now, 8 years later.
The simple language, faces and the repetitiveness makes this an excellent experience for kids younger than 3 years old.
12 of 17 people found this review helpful. Was this review helpful to you?
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| i don't know |
English wrestler Shirley Crabtree Jr was better known by what name? | Shirley Crabtree - Alchetron, The Free Social Encyclopedia
I Live my life to the Fullest!!! coz you know you only get one !!!
Shirley Crabtree
Billed height 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m)
Name Shirley Crabtree
Full name Shirley Crabtree, Jr
Retired 1993
Born 14 November 1930 Halifax, West Yorkshire, England (1930-11-14)
Ring name(s) Big Daddy Mr. Universe The Battling Guardsman The Blonde Adonis
Billed weight 26 st 9 lb (170 kg; 375 lb)
Died December 2, 1997, Southport, United Kingdom
Trained by George Hackenschmidt, Sandy Orford
Rip dead wrestlers shirley crabtree
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Shirley Crabtree, Jr (14 November 1930 – 2 December 1997), better known as Big Daddy, was an English professional wrestler with a record-breaking 64 inch chest. He worked for Joint Promotions and the British Wrestling Federation. Initially a villain, he teamed with Giant Haystacks. He later became a fan favorite, working until the 1990s.
Early career
Crabtree decided to follow in the footsteps of his father, Shirley Crabtree, Sr., becoming a professional wrestler in 1952. He first became popular in the late 1950s and early 1960s as a blue-eye billed as "Blond Adonis Shirley Crabtree." He won the European Heavyweight Championship in Joint Promotions and a disputed branch of the British Heavyweight title in the independent British Wrestling Federation before he quit in 1966 following a (non-kayfabe) campaign of harassment by former champion Bert Assirati. He retired for roughly six years.
Comeback
In 1972, Crabtree returned to Joint Promotions as a villain with a gimmick of The Battling Guardsman based on his former service with the Coldstreams. It was during this period that he made his first appearances on World of Sport on ITV.
Not long afterwards, Shirley's brother, Max, was appointed as Northern area booker with Joint Promotions and began to transform Crabtree into the persona for which he would be best remembered. Based originally on the character of the same name played by actor Burl Ives in the first screen adaptation of Tennessee Williams' Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1958), 'Big Daddy' was first given life by Crabtree in late 1974, initially still as a villain. The character's leotards were emblazoned with just a large "D" and were fashioned by his wife Eunice from their chintz sofa. The character first gained attention in mid-1975 when he formed a tag team with TV newcomer Giant Haystacks. However, during this period, Daddy began to be cheered for the first time since his comeback when he entered into a feud with masked villain Kendo Nagasaki, especially when he unmasked Nagasaki during a televised contest from Solihull in December 1975 (although the unmasked Nagasaki quickly won the bout moments later).
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By the middle of 1977, Daddy had completed his transformation into a blue eye, a change cemented by the breakdown of his tag team with Haystacks and a subsequent feud between the two which would last until the early 1990s. A firm fans' favourite particularly amongst children, Big Daddy came to the ring in either a sequinned cape or a Union Flag jacket and top hat. In addition to his feud with Haystacks, Daddy also feuded with Canadian wrestler 'Mighty' John Quinn. He headlined Wembley Arena with singles matches against Quinn in 1979 and Haystacks in 1981. Later in the 1980s he feuded with Dave "Fit" Finlay, Drew McDonald and numerous other villains.
In August 1987 at the Hippodrome circus in Great Yarmouth, Big Daddy performed in a tag team match pitting himself and nephew Steve Crabtree (billed as "Greg Valentine") against King Kong Kirk and King Kendo. After Big Daddy had delivered a splash and pinned King Kong Kirk, rather than selling the impact of the finishing move, Kirk turned an unhealthy colour and was rushed to a nearby hospital. He was pronounced dead on arrival. Despite the fact that the inquest into Kirk's death found that he had a serious heart condition and cleared Crabtree of any responsibility, Crabtree was devastated.
He continued to make regular appearances into the early 1990s, but he eventually retired from wrestling altogether to spend the remainder of his days in his home town of Halifax. During his career, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and Queen Elizabeth II said they were fans of 'Big Daddy'.
Personal life
Crabtree was a former Rugby League player for league club Bradford Northern. His temper often forced him off the pitch early. He also had stints as a coal miner and with the British Army's Coldstream Guards.
Crabtree's 64 inch chest earned him a place in the Guinness Book of Records.
His brother Brian was a wrestling referee and later MC, while his other brother Max was a booker for – and later proprietor of – Joint Promotions. His nephews Steve and Scott Crabtree also had wrestling careers – Steve wrestled in the 1980s and 1990s, billed as 'Greg Valentine' (named after the American wrestler of the same name) while Scott wrestled as Scott Valentine. Both worked as tag team partners for their uncle. Another nephew Eorl Crabtree is now a Huddersfield and England international rugby league player.
Crabtree died of a stroke in December 1997 in Halifax General Hospital. He was survived by his second wife of 31 years, Eunice and six children.
Other media
Big Daddy had his own comic strip in Buster during the early 1980s drawn by Mike Lacey. In 1982 ITV planned to build a TV programme around 'Big Daddy' as a replacement for the popular children's Saturday morning Tiswas show. A pilot for Big Daddy's Saturday Show was shot and a series announced but Crabtree pulled out at the last moment, leaving the hastily renamed The Saturday Show presented by Isla St Clair and Tommy Boyd.
The European version of the multi-format game Legends of Wrestling II featured Big Daddy as an exclusive extra Legendary Wrestler.
A stage play by Brian Mitchell and Joseph Nixon, Big Daddy vs Giant Haystacks premiered at the Brighton Festival Fringe in East Sussex, England between 26–28 May 2011 and subsequently toured Great Britain. Big Daddy features on Luke Haines' 2011 album "9½ Psychedelic Meditations on British Wrestling of the 1970s and early '80s" as the owner of a Casio VL-Tone synthesizer.
In wrestling
| Big Daddy |
The Trafford Shopping Centre is in which English city? | Shirley Crabtree
Shirley Crabtree
Shirley Crabtree
Shirley Crabtree, Jr, better known as Big Daddy (14 November 1930 – 2 December 1997) was a British professional wrestler famous for his record-breaking 64 inch chest. Known for wearing his various Big Daddy leotards, Crabtree's original one was emblazoned with just a large "D" and was fashioned by his wife Eunice from their chintz sofa.
Shirley Crabtree's brother Brian was a wrestling referee and later MC, while his other brother Max was a booker for - and later proprietor of - Joint Promotions. His nephews Steve and Scott Crabtree also had wrestling careers - Steve wrestled in the 1980s and 1990s, billed as 'Greg Valentine' (named after the American wrestler of the same name) while Scott wrestled as Scott Valentine. Both would work as tag team partners for their uncle. Another nephew Eorl Crabtree is now a Huddersfield Giants and England international rugby league player.
| i don't know |
Actress Gwyneth Paltrow named her first child after which fruit? | Is Gwyneth going bananas? | Daily Mail Online
Is Gwyneth going bananas?
by KATIE HAMPSON, Daily Mail online
Last updated at 15:38 17 May 2004
Hollywood actress Gwyneth Paltrow has given birth to her first child - and named her Apple.
However, it is unclear why she named her daughter after a fruit.
Paltrow, 31, and her British husband Chris Martin, 27, lead singer of the band Coldplay, said they were 'ecstatic' after the baby was delivered on Friday following a long labour at a London hospital.
The baby's full name is Apple Blythe Alison Martin - the other two names are in honour of their mothers, Blythe Danner and Alison Martin.
Despite Paltrow and Martin's lithe figures, Apple weighed a whopping 9lb 11oz (4.39 kg).
In a statement issued to the media after the birth, the couple said: "We are 900 miles over the moon.
"We would like to thank everyone at the hospital who have looked after us amazingly.
"Both mother and baby are very well," the statement added.
Paltrow, who was once engaged to Brad Pitt and dated actor Ben Affleck, met Martin backstage at a Coldplay concert in 2002.
The couple married in a secret ceremony in southern California last December.
Friends say Martin proved a huge support for Paltrow after the sudden death in October 2002 of her father, film director Bruce Paltrow.
Martin and the quartet Coldplay have enjoyed huge global success since their acclaimed debut album Parachutes in 2000.
They won a coveted Grammy Award for Clocks in February.
Paltrow won a best actress Oscar for the 1998 film Shakespeare in Love and recently played the late poet Sylvia Plath.
| Apple |
What is the least number of games that have to be played to win a set in a tennis match? | Gwyneth Paltrow posts Instagram selfie with daughter Apple | Stuff.co.nz
Gwyneth Paltrow posts Instagram selfie with daughter Apple
LIVIA GAMBLE
Last updated 09:56, February 9 2016
MARIO ANZUONI/REUTERS
Gwyneth Paltrow says her daughter Apple loves her unusual name.
It feels like only yesterday actress Gwyneth Paltrow was making headlines for naming her daughter after a fruit.
Now, the first born child of Paltrow and rocker Chris Martin, Apple Martin, is all grown up.
Over the weekend, Paltrow shared a selfie with her lookalike daughter, who is now 11, on Instagram.
The picture has been liked over 67,000 times, leaving commenters divided over who Apple looks more like, Paltrow or Martin.
Feb 6, 2016 at 8:12pm PST
READ MORE:
* Coldplay's Chris Martin reveals ex-wife Gwyneth Paltrow wrote lyrics on new album
Despite jokes surrounding the name, Paltrow told Howard Stern last year that Apple loves her name. Adding, "Chris named her though".
Paltrow and Martin married in 2003. In 2014, the Iron Man actress announced their "conscious uncoupling" on her blog, Goop .
Earlier this month, Paltrow described Martin as being like her brother.
Paltrow and Martin also have a son, named Moses, 9, together.
| i don't know |
Which fictional character went ‘Around the World in 80 Days’? | Around the World in 80 Days (TV Mini-Series 1989) - IMDb
Around the World in 80 Days
49min
Michael Palin attempts to copy the exploits of fictional character Phileas Fogg, by trying to travel around the world (without flying) in 80 days.
Writer:
Jules Verne (creator: original concept)
Stars:
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Title: Around the World in 80 Days (1989– )
8.7/10
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2 wins & 6 nominations. See more awards »
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Pole to Pole (TV Mini-Series 1992)
Adventure | Documentary
Michael Palin undertakes a journey by the most direct route possible with the most land to cross from the North Pole to the South Pole.
Stars: Michael Palin, Neil Hardwick, Lasse Lehtinen
Michael Palin embarks on another epic journey of exploration and adventure, this time 15,000 miles through 18 countries around the Pacific rim.
Stars: Rob Hehnlin, Michael Palin
In this four part BBC television series presented by British comedian and travel presenter Michael Palin, and broadcast in 2002. In it, Palin traveled around the Sahara Desert in Northern ... See full summary »
Stars: Michael Palin
This 2004 BBC television series records comedian and travel presenter Michael Palin's six-month trip across the Himalaya mountain range, covering an amazingly diverse range of cultures and ... See full summary »
Stars: Michael Palin, The Dalai Lama
New Europe (TV Mini-Series 2007)
Documentary
Michael Palin is off on another unconventional adventure documentary for the cameras. Starting at the bullfights in Valencia, Spain he follows in the footsteps of his favourite author, the ... See full summary »
Stars: Michael Palin
Michael Palin travels around Brazil, from Amazonia to Rio, from the North East to the Deep South, to find out what makes this vast country tick.
Stars: Michael Palin, Susie Valerio, Carolina Ferraz
A Victorian Age English gentleman takes a wager that he can circle the globe in the unprecedented time of just 80 days.
Stars: Pierce Brosnan, Eric Idle, Julia Nickson
Michael Palin owns what must be the most-used passport in Britain. Now it has been taken out of the drawer once again for the making of his new one-off documentary, Around the World in 20 ... See full summary »
Director: Roger Mills
Ripping Yarns is a collection of tales that make for 'ripping good' television. Michael Palin plays a different lead character in each yarn.
Stars: Michael Palin, Charles McKeown, Barbara New
English actor-comedian Stephen Fry travels through the US regions by London cab.
Stars: Stephen Fry, Tom Allman, Susan Austin
Michael Palin follows the path of the book Around The World in Eighty Days. He's following the same rules as the characters in the fictional book as well, no air travel.
Stars: Frank Skinner, Michael Palin, Matt Baker
Edit
Storyline
Michael Palin has taken on the task of duplicating Phileas Fogg's feat by attempting to circumnavigate the globe, beginning and ending at the Reform Club in London, in eighty days, using no air travel. He meets Python fans in Greece, eats snake in China, and generally goes from one adventure to another, all the while fighting to make his deadline. Written by Kathy Li
11 October 1989 (UK) See more »
Also Known As:
80 nap alatt a Föld körül Michael Palinnel See more »
Filming Locations:
Did You Know?
Trivia
Michael Palin has revealed that Alan Whicker , Miles Kington , Noel Edmonds and Clive James all turned down the chance to present the series. See more »
Quotes
Michael Palin : [at a football match in Cairo] Apart from a player questioning whether it was the will of Allah that he be sent off it's exactly the same as at home.
Warning- US dvds are not the series
10 June 2006 | by imachessnut
(United States) – See all my reviews
I loved the series but the DVDs you will link to are NOT the dvds of Palin'e journey. Panlin makes a great journey following the original intent of the story. He does not use aircraft and I find the journey both interesting and dramatic. Following the journey of Phineous is difficult today...surprisingly. His observations are amusing and interesting...especially to people from the US. The question that Palin constantly worries about is whether he can make it in 80 days and it is a dramatic race to the finish. Watch out, the dvds on Amazon are not the dvds of Palin's journey. I hope that someday they will make a version for us. Until then, be very careful.
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| Phileas Fogg |
What is the name of the blood-sucking worm sometimes used by doctors? | Around the World in 80 Days | MSS Research
Around the World in 80 Days
Introduction
Jules Verne's famous novel Around the World in 80 Days is a story of extraordinary accomplishment. It describes the wonderful adventures of Phileas Fogg, an English gentleman who has agreed to a wager of 40,000 pounds that he can travel around the world in 80 days. The story depicts how his personal character, high values and single-mindedness of purpose enable him to overcome seemingly insurmountable obstacles. Though the story is fiction, the principles it depicts are profound truths of life and human accomplishment.
Plot summary
The story starts in London on October 2, 1872. Phileas Fogg is a wealthy, solitary, unmarried gentleman with regular habits. The source of his wealth is not known and he lives modestly. He fires his former valet, James Forster, for bringing him shaving water two degrees too cold. He hires as a replacement Passepartout, a Frenchman of around 30 years of age.
Later that day in the Reform Club, he gets involved in an argument over an article in The Daily Telegraph, stating that with the opening of a new railway section in India, it is now possible to travel around the world in 80 days.
The proposed schedule
total
80 days
This calculation does not take into account practical matters like trouble finding transportation, but Fogg is sure that with his superbly calculative mind he can actually do it. He accepts a wager for £20,000 from his fellow club members, which he will receive if he makes it around the world in 80 days. Accompanied by his manservant Passepartout, he leaves London by train at 8.45 p.m. on October 2, 1872, and thus is due back at the Reform Club at the same time 80 days later, on December 21.
Fogg and Passepartout reach Suez in time. While disembarking in Egypt, he is watched by a Scotland Yard detective named Fix, who has been dispatched from London in search of a bank robber. Because Fogg matches the description of the bank robber, Fix mistakes Fogg to be the criminal. Since he cannot secure a warrant in time, Fix goes on board of the steamer conveying the travelers to Bombay. During the voyage, Fix gets acquainted with Passepartout, without revealing his purpose.
Map of the trip
Still on time, Fogg and Passepartout switch to the railway in Bombay, setting off for Calcutta, Fix now following them undercover. As it turns out, the construction of the railway is not totally finished, so they are forced to get over the remaining gap between two stations by riding an elephant, which Phileas Fogg purchases at the prodigious price of 2,000 pounds.
During the ride, they come across a suttee procession, in which a young Parsi woman, Aouda, is led to a sanctuary to be sacrificed the next day by Thuggee worshipers. Since the young woman is drugged with the smoke of opium and hemp and obviously not going voluntarily, the travelers decide to rescue her. They follow the procession to the site, where Passepartout secretly takes the place of Aouda's deceased husband on the funeral pyre, on which she is to be burned the next morning. During the ceremony, he then rises from the pyre, scaring off the priests, and carries the young woman away.
The travelers then hasten on to catch the train at the next railway station, taking Aouda with them. At Calcutta, they finally board a steamer going to Hong Kong. Fix, who had secretly been following them, has Fogg and Passepartout arrested in Calcutta. But they jump bail and Fix is forced to follow them to Hong Kong. On board, he shows himself to Passepartout, who is delighted to meet again his traveling companion from the earlier voyage.
In Hong Kong, it turns out that Aouda's distant relative in whose care they had been planning to leave her there, has moved, likely to Holland, so they decide to take her with them to Europe. Meanwhile, still without a warrant, Fix sees Hong Kong as his last chance to arrest Fogg on British soil. He therefore confides in Passepartout, who does not believe a word and remains convinced that his master is not a bank robber. To prevent Passepartout from informing his master about the premature departure of their next vessel, Fix gets Passepartout drunk and drugs him in an opium den. In his dizziness, Passepartout yet manages to catch the steamer to Yokohama, but neglects to inform Fogg.
Fogg, on the next day, discovers that he has missed his connection. He goes in search of a vessel which will take him to Yokohama. He finds a pilot boat which takes him and his companions (Aouda and Fix) to Shanghai, where they catch a steamer to Yokohama. In Yokohama, they go on a search for Passepartout, believing that he may have arrived there with the original connection. They find him in a circus, trying to earn his homeward journey.
Reunited, the four board on a steamer taking them across the Pacific to San Francisco. Fix promises Passepartout that now, having left British soil, he will no longer try to delay Fogg's journey, but rather support him in getting back to Britain as fast as possible (to have him arrested there).
In San Francisco, they get on the train to New York. During that trip, the train is attacked by Native Americans, who take Passepartout and two other passengers hostage. Fogg is now faced with the dilemma of continuing his tour, or going to rescue Passepartout. He chooses the latter, starting on a rescue mission with some soldiers of a nearby fort, who succeed in freeing the hostages. To make up for the lost time, Fogg and his companions hire a sledge, which brings them to Omaha, Nebraska, where they arrive just in time to get on a train to Chicago, Illinois, and then another to New York. However, reaching New York, they learn that the steamer for Liverpool they had been trying to catch has left a short time before.
On the next day, Fogg starts looking for an alternative for the crossing of the Atlantic. He finds a small steamboat, destined for Bordeaux. However, the captain of the boat refuses to take the company to Liverpool, whereupon Fogg consents to be taken to Bordeaux. On the voyage, he bribes the crew to mutiny and take course for Liverpool. Going on full steam all the time, the boat runs out of fuel after a few days. Fogg buys the boat at a very high price from the captain, soothing him thereby, and has the crew burn all the wooden parts to keep up the steam.
The companions arrive at Queens town, Ireland, in time to reach London via Dublin and Liverpool before the deadline. However, once on British soil again, Fix produces a warrant and arrests Fogg. A short time later, the misunderstanding is cleared up--the actual bank robber had been caught several days earlier in Liverpool. In response to this, Fogg, in a rare moment of impulse, punches Fix, who immediately falls to the ground. However, Fogg has missed the train and returns to London five minutes late, assured that he has lost the wager.
In his London house the next day, he apologizes to Aouda for bringing her with him, since he now has to live in poverty and cannot financially support her. Aouda suddenly confesses that she loves him and asks him to marry her, which he gladly accepts. He calls for Passepartout to notify the reverend. At the reverend's, Passepartout learns that he is mistaken in the date, which he takes to be Sunday but which actually is Saturday due to the fact that the party traveled east, thereby gaining a full day on their journey around the globe, by crossing the International Date Line.
Passepartout hurries back to Fogg, who immediately sets off for the Reform Club, where he arrives just in time to win the wager. Thus ends the journey around the world.
Fogg's Character
Fogg is an eminently disciplined man -- both in his emotions and in his thoughts. He has the innate capacity to accept every difficulty and ordeal that comes his way in a calm and detached manner. No matter how problematic or even absurd the circumstances, Fogg's emotions are always tranquil and calm, as if he were detached from the intensity of every situation. And yet, interestingly his mind is always fully engaged in the issue at hand -- enabling him to rationally and most logically deal with any and all circumstance. In addition, his creative capacities border on genius, as he is able to meld a native intelligence and a broad knowledge of the physical workings of life with insights and intuitive-like inspirations that help him solve nearly every problem. Confronting one obstacle after another, Fogg brushes aside challenges and focuses all of his energies on achieving his objective. Along the way, he utilizes his uncanny creativity, ingenuity, and scientific know-how to solve every problem that crosses his path.
These qualities are further enhanced by an essentially kind and generous nature -- which can be seen in the goodwill that he consistently demonstrates toward his fellow travelers, as well as the people he meets along the way. That helps him win the respect of others at critical moments on his journey, especially important when he and his comrades face imminent danger. He also exhibits other notable faculties -- including his ability to remain silent without speaking, unless situations dictate that he do so. Together with his utter punctuality and masterful planning and organizing capacities, Phileas Fogg is the very embodiment of stability, rationality, and equality -- making him the perfect candidate to accomplish his ambitious goals.
Punctuality
Punctuality, followed in the West as the manners of kings, is a great social value which no one will break. Look at it not as a social value, but as a work value. What do we find?
It is a strategy for one man to respect every other man.
Man, through punctuality, relates to Time, the field of work. Moving from society to work is great. Moving further from work to Time is to move from the gross material plane to the subtle plane of knowledge. Punctuality was originally discovered by men who perceived the subtle truth of gross work. At heights of perfection, any vibration reaches the Absolute. Perfection in punctuality moves work from the subtle plane to the causal plane of Supermind, which retains the constant presence of the Absolute.
Equality
Phileas Fogg's utter calm and equality in the face of extremely difficult circumstances attracted a magnificent response from life that provided him with his greatest moment of glory and success. It is an indicator that life on the outside responds to one's inner efforts or capacities of higher consciousness. Maintaining a poise of inner calm and equality is one method that enables that miraculous-like dynamic. It is in essence a spiritual-like quality that tends to overcome the negative, while attracting the infinite potentials of life.
Phileas Fogg possesses spiritual equality. He is unmoved, unshaken, and undisturbed by every obstacle that comes in his way. He never loses confidence, never gets anxious or angry with anyone. He reacts neither to extreme physical challenges and discomforts such as sleepless nights weathering a storm on the deck of a ship, nor the disbelief or suspicion of those around him, nor the fear of losing his money or losing his life. He is equal. His perfect punctuality and physical organization is the base of that physical equality. It is an unconscious spiritual endowment at the physical level supported by his commitment to perfection in physical values (punctuality and orderliness). This equality is so powerful that every obstacle that rises gives way before his calm persistence. Had Fogg possessed this equality consciously, no obstacle could ever arise in his way for him to overcome. Instead, each obstacle would be converted into an opportunity. This equality attracts and wins for him Aouda, who has a rich emotional loyalty, gratitude and affection - spiritual endowment at the vital level. This equality attracts to him and wins him the devoted service of Passepartout, a servant of great loyalty, courage and fortitude, who risks his life for both Aouda and his master.
Phileas Fogg possesses an equality that is spiritual. That equality wins him the wager. He has taken punctuality and made it into an article of faith. His punctuality that was physical, taken to the extreme of perfection gave him the spiritual equality that rendered him immune against any failure in life. Did he know the origin of his strength? He passed through catastrophe, storms, fights, and unforeseen obstacles of every kind and still the spiritual power issuing from the physical skill of punctuality ensured him the success. If Fogg had understood the life value of a physical skill as a spiritual endowment, his success would have been ensured without all those obstacles cropping up on the way. That is the opportunity that awaits the Westerner.
Selflessness
When Passepartout is captured by the Indians, Fogg risks not only his money (he has no time to spare on his schedule) but also his life out of a sense of duty to try to save his servant. His selfless courage not only saves the life of the servant who has saved the whole train, but wins him irrevocably the heart of Aouda.
Goodwill
All Fogg's problems arise because he extends goodwill that is not called for by his mission but is compelled by his character. Because he risks the mission for this higher value, he ends up not only succeeding but achieving something far more valuable to him than the money or the achievement -- the love of Aouda. Up to his meeting with Aouda, Fogg's trip is according to clockwork without delay or interruption and he is two days ahead of schedule. After she joins the party, every step of the journey is fraught with difficulties. She is a widow who was about to be burned. That misfortune expresses in the journey despite the goodwill, nobility and courage in her nature. Yet it is only because she proposes to him, that Passepartout discovers the mistake regarding the dates and Fogg reaches the Reform Club on time to claim victory.
Liberality
Fogg shows extreme liberality in spending money. Though he never wastes it, money has no inherent value for him. He trusts Passepartout and others implicitly. He pays exorbitantly for the elephant without bargaining. He generously offers ₤1000 reward to the American soldiers if they can save the three captured by the Indians. He values life, honor and achievement above money and therefore money comes to him.
Positive attitude
Fogg maintains a positive attitude to everything at all times -- to his mission, the people around him and the challenges he faces. He never blames anyone for his failures or delays, even when there is ample justification for doing so. Even as a mental discipline, such an attitude is nearly impossible to maintain and it has an extraordinary power over life.
In contrast to Fogg's positive attitude, Fix displays ordinary negative attitudes such as suspicion. No matter how often Fogg's behavior contradicts Fix's expectation of what the bank robber would do, Fix invents a new explanation in line with his original assumption. No fact will shake his belief.
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The 1980’s UK television series ‘Bergerac’ was set on which island? | Bergerac - theislandwiki
Bergerac
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Bergerac is a British television show set on the Island of Jersey. Produced by the BBC in association with an Australian company, the Seven Network, and first screened on BBC1 in the 1980s, it starred John Nettles as the title character Detective Sergeant Jim Bergerac, a policeman in the Bureau des Étrangers ('The Foreigners' Office', a fictional department for dealing with non-Jersey residents), and part of the States of Jersey Police .
Background
The series ran from 1981 to 1991 and was created by producer Robert Banks Stewart, after another of his popular detective series Shoestring, starring Trevor Eve, came to a sudden end. The BBC wanted a series to replace the popular Shoestring and Bergerac was created. The mix of stunning scenery, the island's tax-exile millionaire image and some unsavory criminals, proved a massive hit with viewers.
Like Shoestring, the series began with a man returning to work after a particularly bad period in his life: Eddie Shoestring from a nervous breakdown; Jim Bergerac from alcoholism, a broken leg and a broken marriage.
As well as the supernatural elements which were incorporated into the series, a number of episodes ended with unpleasant twists, as in Offshore Trades and A Hole in the Bucket. The show also dealt with sometimes controversial topics - for example, in one episode, an old man is unmasked as a Nazi war criminal, and his age raises various moral dilemmas.
A rather implausible element of the series is that Bergerac and his colleagues, who work in a department dedicated to dealing with non-residents, often get involved in cases where there is nothing to suggest that non-residents are involved, only discovering this later.
The evocative theme tune, composed by George Fenton, featured an accordion refrain.
Inspector Barney Crozier (Sean Arnold), Francine Leland (Cécile Paoli) and Detective Sergeant Jim Bergerac (John Nettles) pose for the first of many publicity shoots in the Royal Square
Main Character
Jim Bergerac was a complex character and presented by the series as a somewhat unorthodox cop. He was recovering from alcoholism, partly resulting from an unpleasant divorce. A Jersey native, he returned to the island at the start of the series after recuperating in England from ill-health alcoholism and major surgery on his leg following an accident caused by him drinking heavily prior to an attempted arrest. The accident is shown in episode two as a flashback: Bergerac was swigging brandy during surveillance when he noticed his suspect and gave chase. Under the influence of his drinking, he attempted to prevent the man's escape by leaping onto his boat and got his leg crushed against the harbour wall as he slipped back. He was deemed unfit for the force as a result of this accident, but helped his old colleagues out in the recently formed Bureau des Étrangers and was posted to that unit.
Bergerac's relationships with women were a frequent theme; often as a subplot to the main crime investigation. Bergerac's girlfriends included the beautiful Francine Leland (Cécile Paoli) (who, in a somewhat odd twist, had originally been the fiancée of Jim’s former colleague killed in the opening scenes of the first episode), Marianne Bellshade (Celia Imrie), Susan Young (Louise Jameson) and Danielle Aubry (Thérèse Liotard). He also had several encounters with ex-wife Deborah Bergerac (Deborah Grant) who had custody of their teenage daughter Kim Bergerac (Lindsay Heath).
Jim Bergerac often displayed 'disobedience' when in the Jersey police force. Due to personal differences, and increasing 'independence', he became a private detective by the end of the series, especially following the murder of ex-girlfriend Susan Young at the start of series 8.
Filming in progress
Supporting Characters
Few of the characters were repeated throughout the entire series, but a number appeared in many episodes.
One of the most notable characters was Charlie Hungerford (played by Terence Alexander, well known as having played Monty in the BBC adaptation of The Forsyte Saga), who also happened to be Jim Bergerac's former father-in-law. Charlie was a 'lovable rogue' and would-be tycoon, who was often involved in shady dealings, but was paradoxically something of an innocent. Bergerac usually had a good relationship with him (although in the first episode Picking It Up they were seen to be not on the best of terms). In one of the more unbelievable aspects of the series, Charlie was somehow involved in all but one of the 91 cases Bergerac was involved in, Charlie being a good source of gossip when Bergerac had to deal with tax-exiles and people in high places.
Diamante Lil (Mela White) was a recurring character in the first five series. Lil ran Jim’s local, 'The Royal Barge', at St Aubin before moving on to owning a nightclub in St Helier called 'Lil’s Place'. She was also a good source of information for Jim on a lot of his cases.
Other regular characters in the series included Deborah Bergerac (Deborah Grant), Bergerac's ex-wife, and his boss, Chief Inspector Barney Crozier (Sean Arnold), previously Inspector, and later Superintendent. Bergerac also had several sidekicks, who were generally detective constables. Detective Constable Barry Goddard (played by Jersey born actor Jolyon Baker) was one of Jim’s early sidekicks, as was DC Terry Wilson (Geoffrey Leesley). Detective Constables Willy Pettit and Ben Lomas (John Telfer and David Kershaw) were regular characters in the latter half of the series. Hardly any crime could have been solved without the help of the Bureau's redoubtable secretaries Charlotte (Annette Badland) and Peggy Masters (Nancy Mansfield). Many of today's best known stars can be seen in various episodes of the series, many appearing in two episodes over the course of the series. Actors such as Bill Nighy, Norman Wisdom, Greta Scacchi, Geoffrey Palmer, Warren Clarke, Julian Glover, Michael Gambon, Connie Booth, Prunella Scales and Patrick Mower were but a handful of the well known actors keen to enjoy Jersey’s sunny climate in the BBC’s highly popular I want to be seen in that series.
One of the popular recurring characters was glamorous jewel thief Philippa Vale (Liza Goddard) who went by the nickname of 'The Ice Maiden'. She and Bergerac had an ongoing flirtatious relationship. Many people agree that the best episodes were the ones featuring the 'Ice Maiden' character, because of the onscreen chemistry between Liza Goddard and John Nettles. Philippa Vale appeared on an almost once-a-series basis and a Christmas special. When Bergerac was not pursuing her, they engaged in friendly bantering.
Series 7 saw the last appearance of Philippa Vale, series 8 the last of Barney Crozier, just as the character Peggy had also vanished around this time (after series 7) and regular off-duty hostess Diamante Lil (Mela White) had made her last appearance in series 5. Following the episode Root and Branch, Jim's ex-wife Deborah moved from Jersey to England and her number of appearances dwindled. Susan Young, who had become a mainstay of the series from series 4 and onwards, had her last appearance in the first episode of series 8. The last series was thus left somewhat empty of familiar characters, often with only Bergerac himself and Charlie Hungerford remaining.
Det Sgt Jim Bergerac poses on the New North Quay in front of the third Triumph Roadster to be used in the series
Jim’s Triumph Roadster
In keeping with his maverick and adventurous style, Bergerac regularly drove a maroon 1947 Triumph Roadster 2000 (a forerunner of the Triumph's TR series of sports cars) which, with its long bonnet, was a vehicle totally unsuited to the narrow and winding Jersey roads with their speed limits of no more than 40 miles per hour.
Three different cars were used throughout the series. The first was notoriously unreliable and John Nettles generally had to endure the fact that it would not always stop when it was supposed to. Often the car would be seen to be just pulling up at a location, usually having just been pushed into the shot by members of the crew. The car's engine was also horribly noisy and a separate soundtrack was dubbed in to enhance the supposed coolness of the vehicle. Fortunately the two replacement vehicles were much more mechanically sound than the first.
Locations Used
The series played heavily on its Jersey location, and its supposed 'Frenchness' even in its theme tune. The early storylines were usually in and around Jersey, with short scenes shot in England, Guernsey and France. One episode, Burnt, was largely filmed on the tiny picturesque Channel Island of Sark , whilst another was filmed in Alderney . In later episodes however, the action strayed further and further away from Jersey, and was increasingly based in the south of France, Aix en Provence — introduced in part through Jim's French girlfriend Danielle Aubry.
As Jersey is a small island (nine miles long by five miles wide), most of the filming locations on the island can be tracked down with ease. Jim Bergerac and Susan Young's flat was located just above St Aubin, a few doors along from the Somerville Hotel. Part of the interior was in another flat at Gorey , six miles away. Jim's original farmhouse home in the first few series was submerged when the Jersey New Waterworks Company flooded Queen's Valley to create a reservoir in 1991. Plans for this reservoir were referred to at the start of season four, when Bergerac was forced to seek new accommodation because of them, in the process meeting an estate agent who became his new girlfriend (Susan Young).
The original Bureau des Étrangers in the first two seasons was located within the States Building in St Helier's Royal Square, but due to the popularity of the programme, filming was often difficult after the first season, as the pretence of filming a documentary series (a rather boring subject to watch) was spoilt by public recognition of Jim's Triumph Roadster. The interiors of the Bureau, the Royal Barge and Jim's Queens Valley cottage with Francine's studio above, for the first series, were filmed in a studio in Ealing. For the second series the sets were erected for filming in the former Forum Cinema in Grenville Street.
The Bureau des Étrangers was then re-located to Haut de la Garenne , a former children's home. The building, on Mont de la Garenne overlooking Mont Orgueil and the Royal Bay of Grouville, ceased being a children's home in 1983 and was re-opened many years later as Jersey's first and only youth hostel. The BBC used Haut de la Garenne as their unit base for the majority of their time filming the series in Jersey, with production offices located at the rear of the building. In later series, when Jim was set up as a private investigator working out of Charlie Hungerford's offices, the interiors were located inside the front part of Haut de la Garenne, and the exterior was Hemery Row on La Motte Street. Susan Young's office towards the end of her time on the series was also filmed inside Haut de la Garenne. Susan's earlier office, while working for the fictional 'Hobson and Young' was located in the small parade of shops on the corner of Red Houses and La Marquanderie Hill.
The Royal Barge aka The Old Court House
'The Royal Barge' was located at the Old Court House, St Aubin a popular inn, hotel and restaurant, at the far end of St Aubin's Harbour with its instantly recognisable window that resembles the stern of an old sailing ship. Lil went on to run a nightclub, 'Lil’s Place', which was the former 'Bonaparte’s' night club at Fort Regent .
Filming on location at Portelet House with Jersey liaison, now Jersey politician, Kevin Lewis guiding John Nettles back while driving the famous Triumph Roadster
Noirmont Manor, overlooking Belcroute Bay , was Charlie Hungerford's home throughout season one. While no explanation is given in the show as to why he moves to Windward House for later episodes, Noirmont Manor is notoriously hard to reach, down a very steep hill, and perhaps not suitable for the big BBC film crew vans. The property also changed ownership between series 1 and 2, which may have also had something to do with the change of location to Windward House.
Windward House, Mont Sohier, St Brelade (demolished in 2012) formerly with lush grounds overlooking Ouaisné and St Brelade's Bay , was a stunning location used internally and externally throughout all the series. This pink and grey building, with white pillared entrance, first appears in season 1, episode 6 Portrait of Yesterday, as the home and wedding venue of the incidental characters. Windward House then reappears from season 2, episode 1 as Charlie Hungerford's main residence where he is hosting a large garden fête, and then appears in almost every episode of the show - either used heavily as part of the central plot, or as a backdrop for family gatherings, drinks parties, business meetings, barbecues, marquee events, etc. The entire house was used over time - particularly the living room with French windows, dining room, conservatory and long gallery hallways. External filming regularly included the gardens, paddock, driveways, fruit gardens, greenhouse, cider press and rockery. The house became Bergerac's 'home' when he was in between properties of his own, and due to its unique design, summed up in many people's minds what a Jersey millionaire's house looked like.
As is standard practice in film and television drama shot on location, the places portrayed are not intended to create an accurate travelogue of the actual island. In the fictional story on screen, locations from different island locations, often miles apart, were frequently edited together into the same sequence. John Nettles, in his book Bergerac's Jersey, states that the locals were always amused by such editing.
As the series ran for a decade, directors found it increasingly difficult to find locations which had not been over-used in past episodes. While promoting his film White Noise in an interview with Xpose magazine, director Geoffrey Sax described how he made an effort to find new locations, only to return for the actual shoot to find camera tripod marks in the ground, another director having shot there in the meantime.
Another early publicity shot taken on the beach at Ouaisne showing Det Sgt Jim Bergerac (John Nettles), Debbie Bergerac (Deborah Grant) and Charlie Hungerford (Terence Alexander)
Supernatural Elements
The 4th season episode What Dreams May Come? was the start of an annual tradition of episodes with stories that bordered on the supernatural, with a surreal atmosphere. Later episodes with fantasy elements included the bizarre poisoning of freemasons in Poison, the Christmas episode Fires in the Fall (which features a Bergman-esque representation of Death which appears, to judge from the last line, to have been real in spite of a 'Scooby-Doo' explanation having been offered a scene earlier), A Man of Sorrows which is the only episode of the sixth series set almost entirely outside Jersey, the only episode at all to lack Charlie Hungerford and - partly because of the heroin nature of the storyline, partly because of the lack of familiar characters - a dark, humourless episode unlike any other in the series), the densely plotted The Other Woman, The Dig involving an apparent Viking's curse (apparently inspired by Hammer Horror movies), and Warriors about a group who believed in the existence of Atlantis.
Final Episode
The final episode filmed was the 1991 Christmas Special titled All for Love which was partially set and filmed in Bath. This episode starred Bill Nighy. The final scene provided a strong hint about Bergerac's future, after Charlie Hungerford had recommended Bergerac for the new position of heading up the Bureau des Étrangers as it was rolled out across the Channel Islands following its success in Jersey.
DVD Release
Bergerac is now available on DVD (Region 2, UK) by 2 Entertain/Cinema Club. The first series was released on 8 May 2006, including audio commentary on three of the episodes. The second series was released on 13 July 2006 and the third series was released on 23 October 2006. The other series have been released at regular intervals and the final series was released in 2009.
Unfortunately, mistakes occurred in the supply of the source material for the DVD releases which mean the episodes of Series 1 and 6 are highly edited versions, originally broadcast on UK daytime television. This error has since been amended on the Complete DVD Box Set release, which includes all episodes in their full length.
Picture gallery
'The Ice Maiden' Philippa Vale (Liza Goddard) and Jim Bergerac (John Nettles)
Click on any image to see a full-size version
Detective Sergeant Jim Bergerac
Det Sgt Jim Bergerac (John Nettles) poses in front of the Triumph Roadster
The first photo shoot
Publicity shot taken at Ouaisne showing Det Sgt Jim Bergerac (John Nettles), Debbie Bergerac (Deborah Grant) and Charlie Hungerford (Terence Alexander)
Jim and Francine (Cécile Paoli) in 1981
Marianne Bellshade (Celia Imrie) and Jim Bergerac (John Nettles)
Jim with his longest lasting girlfriend in the series, estate agent Susan Young (Louise Jameson) above Gorey Harbour
BBC Production Crew filming at Portelet House
The third Triumph Roadster on show at the 30th Anniversary event held in 2011 as part of the Branchage Film Festival, where many of the original cast and the series creator Robert Banks Stewart were reunited to celebrate Bergerac
The first Triumph Roadster used, was in a very poor state of rpair until it was renovated in 2009
The first Roadster, formerly on show at Jersey Lion Park
BBC Publicity shot taken at Haut de la Garenne
Haut de la Garenne ready for filming with the 'dummy' entrance porch, built around a scaffold, in place
The 'dummy' entrance porch in the course of being dismantled
The Bureau des Etrangers aka Haut de la Garenne
'Peirson House' the fictional name for the headquarters of the Bureau des Etrangers based at Haut de la Garenne
The derelict Quatre Bras Hotel, whilst awaiting demolition, was dressed to look fully ablaze by the BBC film crew in 1990 for a scene in the final episode of Bergerac
Jim Bergerac and his former father-in-law Charlie Hungerford (Terence Alexander)
Jim with his boss Inspector Barney Crozier, later Chief Inspector and finally Superintendant (Sean Arnold - who still lives in Jersey)
The Old Court House, known as 'The Royal Barge' in the series
St Ouen's Manor, used several times in the series' run of ten years
John Nettles in an early publicity shot taken up at Fort Regent
Jim on the beach at Ouaisne
St Brelade's Church, one of the most picturesque churches on Jersey was well used for filming by the BBC over the years
Charlie Hungerford in the sun lounge at Windward House
John Nettles was used extensively by Jersey Tourism to promote the island as a holiday destination during the 1980s
John Nettles in the Triumph Roadster on the slipway at Belcroute
Noirmont Manor, used as the mansion home of Charlie Hungerford in Series 1
Entrance to Noirmont Manor, that sits overlooking Belcroute Bay
This impressive private house at Flicquet was used in the fourth episode of series 2, called 'Prime Target', as the home of a character played by well known actor Anthony Valentine
Terence Alexander as Charlie Hungerford
The parade of shops at Red Houses, St Brelade used for the offices of 'Hobson and Young' estate agents, the workplace of Jim's girlfriend Susan Young
States South Hill Offices used several times as the States of Jersey Police Headquarters
The real States of Jersey Police Headquarters, seen occasionally in the series
The lighthouse at Sorel Point on the north coast, the backdrop to scenes between Jim and Francine in the very first episode
La Platte Rocque House, used in one of the earlier episodes starring Michelle Collins, who went on to play Cindy Beale in Eastenders and is currently playing Stella in Coronation Street
Windward House, Mont Sohier, St Brelade used as the mansion home of Charlie Hungerford in Bergerac, except for during Series 1
The entrance porch of Windward House
The sorry looking state of Windward House in 2010, prior to its' demolition in 2012
Windward House from the south
The drawing room, the setting for many scenes in Bergerac
The drawing room
The drawing room from the former French windows
The hallway of Windward House
The kitchen, still with the same wallpaper as seen in the series 30 years earlier
A 1995 aerial photograph of Windward House and its' extensive grounds
Cecile Paoli
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Which country has the most time zones? | Enemy at the Door (TV Series 1978–1980) - IMDb
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Drama about the Nazi occupation of the Channel Islands during the Second World War.
Stars:
Reinicke organizes a dance for soldiers and local girls to attract good publicity. Anton Schen, a young Austrian, takes a shine to Marie Weston, whose widowed father, a lawyer who fought in World War...
8.6
Arrogant Prussian officer Major Von Bulow comes to the island and is billeted with Peter whilst he trains soldiers for the Russian front. He recognizes Chantal,a French prostitute in the Germans' ...
8.5
On her father's death Betty Ridge gets work as a cleaner for the Germans,meeting young soldier Erich,with whom she spends a romantic evening. At a dance their association scandalizes locals who taunt...
8.4
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Title: Enemy at the Door (1978–1980)
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Island at War (TV Mini-Series 2004)
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Stars: Saskia Reeves, Owen Teale, Julia Ford
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Also Known As:
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Company Credits
Did You Know?
Trivia
John Nettles portrays a Detective Sergeant in one episode of this series, set on the island of Jersey. From 1981-91 he portrayed Detective Sergeant Jim Bergerac, in a series set on the island of Jersey. See more »
Frequently Asked Questions
Enjoyable series, a bit stagey
19 February 2012 | by Marlburian
(United Kingdom) – See all my reviews
I came across this drama some months ago two-thirds of the way through its showing on the "Yesterday" channel here in the UK. Now it's being repeated again, and I've seen perhaps half the episodes. Hopefully I'll get around to seeing them all when/if it's repeated again! It's well worth watching and explores some interesting situations between the occupiers and residents. But it never ran to a third series, which would have had to deal with a worsening situation as the war progressed, supplies dried up and Jewish citizens deported.
I'm not one for characterising all, or indeed many, Germans in the war as Nazi thugs, but those most frequently featured in the series do come across as particularly humane, in fact benign - with the exception, of course, of Reinicke. I assume that all the characters are fictitious. With the series being first screened 35 years after the Occupation there would have been plenty of Guernsey people alive to have commented on the authenticity.
Perhaps now and then things get a bit stagey, that is, as it's a stage play, with some quite wordy dialogue. But I am looking forward to viewing the episodes I haven't seen yet.
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Fictional characters Clark Kent, Lois Lane and Jimmy Olsen work for which newspaper? | Daily Star | Smallville Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia
The Daily Star is a Metropolis newspaper.
Contents
[ show ]
Appearances
The Daily Star building has never actually appeared on the show. However, the newspaper itself has been seen in one episode:
Icarus - After Oliver Queen was attacked, Tess Mercer read the article, "Queen without a Country". Cat Grant was angry that the Daily Star had written this story and the Daily Planet hadn't.
Booster - Clark mentions that former Daily Planet reporter, Steve Lombard , recently took a job at the Daily Star.
In the Comics
The Daily Star in the comics
The Daily Star is a newspaper publisher on Earth-2 , where the Golden Age Superman of Earth-Two worked as Clark Kent . In the Silver Age continuity, Perry White was promoted to editor-in-chief upon the retirement of the Earth-One version of George Taylor (this took place while Clark Kent was in college). The Perry White of Earth-Two, however, was a lead reporter for the Daily Star and "filled in" as editor from time to time when Taylor was away.
Clark Kent of Earth-2 advanced his reporting career to become Lead Investigative Reporter for the Daily Star. But, always mindful of his dual persona, he largely maintained a retiring manner. In the meantime, Kent (and Superman) befriended Jimmy Olsen , who'd started as a pre-teen office boy at the Daily Star in the 1930s but became a cub reporter when he published the story of Superman's defeat of the Archer (Superman #13).
In the late 1940s, would-be crime lord Colonel Future challenged the Wizard, a rumored sorcerer, to eliminate the Man of Steel. The Wizard cast a spell to rid the world of Superman, but merely made Clark repress the memory of his alter ego . As a result, Kent became an aggressive, crusading reporter who won the heart—and hand—of Lois Lane. But when she discovered Clark's secret on their honeymoon, Lois tracked down the Wizard and made him reverse the spell. (Action Comics #484). George Taylor retired in the early 1950s, and Kent was selected over Perry White as the new Editor-in-Chief of the Daily Star. Lois Lane-Kent was promoted to Lead Investigative Reporter while James Olsen became a managing editor. Lana Lang joins the Daily Star staff as a television critic.
When Superman first appeared in comics, in June 1938's Action Comics #1, his alter ego, Clark Kent, worked for the "large metropolitan daily" newspaper (Action #7, Dec 1938) the Daily Star under editor George Taylor (Superman #2, Fall 1939). With the exception of Action Comics #2, when Kent (and Taylor) inexplicably worked for the Cleveland Evening News, the above arrangement remained unchanged through March 1940 (Action #22).
Kent apparently had persuaded Taylor to hire him only shortly before the first issue of Action by phoning in an exclusive account of Superman's first public act—thwarting an attempted lynching at the county jail (Superman #1, Summer 1939). Before long, Kent was referred to as the paper's "ace scribe" (Action #9, Feb 1939) and "ace reporter" (Action #6, Nov 1938). He often butted heads with Lois Lane , an aggressive, career-minded journalist who'd started as the Daily Stars "sob sister" (Action #7, Dec 1938) and "lovelorn editor" before earning her stripes as a full-fledged "news reporter" (Superman #3, Winter 1940) and war correspondent in Europe (Action #22, Mar 1940).
Then, in Spring 1940 (Action #23), without any in-story explanation, the newspaper suddenly was referred to as the Daily Planet , an especially amusing development for Kent and Lane, who were abroad and in the midst of a multi-issue storyline when their place of employment changed names (the alteration had been made earlier in the newspaper comic strip, with Nov 13, 1939's #259). In reality, the fictional newspaper's name was changed to avoid a name conflict with actual papers that had "Star" in their titles.
George Taylor remained the editor (Action #25, June '40) through November 1940 (Action #30), after which new Daily Planet editor Perry White inexplicably appeared (Superman #7, November–December 1940). Kent and Lane made no reference to the management change, though they clearly were not as enamored of White as they'd been of Taylor.
In the post-Crisis universe, the Daily Star is occasionally mentioned, suggesting its a separate newspaper. In week 38 of the comic book, 52, it is implied that the Star is owned by Lex Luthor , or at the very least, is highly sympathetic to him, and skeptical of metahumans .
In the relaunched Action Comics in the new 52 set 5 years in the past, Clark works for the Daily Star's Crime Desk under Taylor, while Lois and Jimmy work for The Daily Planet with Perry White, Lois and Jimmy are doing their best to pressure Clark into accepting the offer Perry made of joining the Planet. Whereas in the Superman comic set at present day he works at the Planet until Superman # 13 where he quits the Planet for numerous reasons and starts his own blog.
Notes
The Daily Star shares its name with a real British newspaper .
When Superman first appeared in 1938, his alter ego Clark Kent and Lois Lane worked for the Daily Star, under editor George Taylor . However, DC later had its named changed to the Daily Planet , to avoid confusion with real-life newspapers. When DC brought back the Golden Age Superman, they had his Clark Kent be the Editor-In-Chief of the Daily Star.
The Daily Star which became The Daily Planet was originally based on The Toronto Daily Star (now known today as The Toronto Star).
| Daily Planet |
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Daily Planet
Superman Returns newspaper
Superman George Reeves and the TV Perry White
The Daily Planet is a newspaper that appears in Superman stories published by DC Comics . The Daily Planet is based in Metropolis and employs Clark Kent , Lois Lane , and Jimmy Olsen ; its chief editor is Perry White . Within the Superman comics , the Daily Planet is depicted as a famous nationally published newspaper of the same caliber as the New York Times.
In the comics, the newspaper is located in the heart of Metropolis, at the corner of Fifth Street and Concord Lane. The Planet began publication in 1775; George Washington wrote a guest editorial for the first daily edition. The Daily Planet building's most distinguishing and famous feature is the enormous globe that sits on top of the building.
Contents
History
Gold, Silver and Bronze Ages
When Superman first appeared in comics (in 1938's Action Comics #1), his alter ego Clark Kent worked for a newspaper named the Daily Star, under editor George Taylor. Superman co-creator Joe Shuster named the Daily Star after the Toronto Star newspaper in Toronto, Ontario, which had been the newspaper that Shuster's parents received and for which Shuster had worked as a newsboy. (Called the Evening Star prior to 1899, the Toronto Daily Star is now known as the Toronto Star.) [1] , CTV.ca: "Superman co-creator has humble Canadian roots". Retrieved July 25, 2007 . When the Superman newspaper comic strip appeared, the fictional newspaper's name was permanently changed to the Daily Planet to avoid a name conflict with real newspapers which had Star in their name.
When DC made use of its multiverse means of continuity tracking between the early 1960s and mid-1980s, it was declared that the Daily Star was the workplace of the Golden Age or "Earth-Two" versions of Clark Kent, Lois Lane and Jimmy Olsen, while the Daily Planet was unique to their Silver Age or "Earth-One" versions. The Clark Kent of Earth-Two eventually became the editor-in-chief of the Daily Star, something his Earth-One counterpart didn't achieve at his newspaper.
In both the Silver Age and Bronze Age continuities, Clark's first contact with the Daily Planet came when reporter (and future editor) Perry White came to Smallville to write a story about Superboy , and wound up getting an interview where the Boy of Steel first revealed his extraterrestrial origins (the story wound up winning Perry a Pulitzer prize). During Clark Kent's years in college, Perry White was promoted to editor-in-chief upon the retirement of the Daily Planet's previous editor, the Earth-One version of George Taylor.
After graduating from Metropolis University with a degree in journalism, Clark Kent went to work at the Planet, and quickly met Lois Lane (who had been working there for some time already). Some time after Clark was hired, Jimmy Olsen joined the paper's staff.
In 1971, the Daily Planet was purchased by Morgan Edge , president of the Galaxy Broadcasting System. Edge proceeded to integrate Metropolis television station WGBS-TV's studios into the Daily Planet building, and named Clark Kent as the anchor for the WGBS evening news. Eventually, Clark's former schoolmate from Smallville Lana Lang joined Clark as a co-anchor.
After the 1985-1986 miniseries Crisis on Infinite Earths , many of these elements, including Morgan Edge buying the Daily Planet, were retroactively changed or eliminated from Superman canon.
Modern Age
In the modern comics' canon, years before Clark or Lois began working for the paper, Lex Luthor owned the Daily Planet. When Luthor, deciding to sell the paper, began taking bids for the Planet, Perry White convinced an international conglomerate, TransNational Enterprises, to buy the paper. They agreed to this venture with only one stipulation: that Perry White would become editor-in-chief. White has served as the Planet editor-in-chief ever since, barring the few times he was absent. During those times people such as Sam Foswell and Clark Kent have looked after the paper. Franklin Stern , an old friend of White's, became the Daily Planet's publisher.
The Planet saw its share of rough times during White's tenure, including: worker strikes; the Daily Planet building being destroyed during the "Fall of Metropolis" storyline; the Planet building sustaining heavy damages after the villain Doomsday 's rampage; and possibly its darkest hour as Franklin Stern decided to put the paper up for sale. Lex Luthor, disliking the heavy criticism of himself and his company that the Planet became noted for, purchased the Daily Planet and subsequently closed the paper down. Luthor fired every employee of the newspaper save for four people: Simone D'Neige , Dirk Armstrong (a fictional counterpart of conservative radio commentator Rush Limbaugh), Jimmy Olsen , and Lois Lane . As a final insult, Luthor saw to it that the Planet globe was unceremoniously dumped in the Metropolis landfill. In the Planet's place emerged "LexCom," a news-oriented Internet web site that primarily catered to Luthor's views of "quality journalism."
Eventually, after Lois Lane made a deal with Luthor, Luthor sold the Daily Planet to Perry White for the minuscule sum of one dollar. The paper was quickly reinstated, rehiring all of its old staff. Some time later, ownership of the Planet fell into the hands of Bruce Wayne , where it has remained ever since.
During the "Y2K" storyline (involving the city of Metropolis being infused with futuristic technology thanks to a descendant of the villain Brainiac ), the Daily Planet building was "upgraded" along with the rest of Metropolis, and a holographic globe replaced the physical one. Eventually due to temporal instabilities caused by the B13 Virus, Metropolis and the Daily Planet building, globe and all, were restored to their former states.
In the current comics and media spinoffs, the Daily Planet is presented as a thoroughly modern news operation, including operating an Internet web site much like most large newspapers. The Planet's reporters also have access to the best modern equipment to aid their work, though Perry White has often been shown as still favoring his manual typewriter.
The Planet's major competitors in Metropolis include the tabloid newspaper the Daily Star, WGBS-TV (which briefly employed Jimmy Olsen), and Lex Luthor's various media operations.
Superman: Birthright
In the Superman: Birthright limited series, the Daily Planet's publisher is Quentin Galloway, an abrasive overbearing loudmouth who bullies Jimmy Olsen, and later Clark Kent, before being told off by Lois Lane, whom Galloway cannot fire because of her star status.<ref> [2] , http://www.supermanhomepage.com/comics/comics.php?topic=articles/birthright .</ref>
In other media
Lois and Clark: The New Adventures of Superman introduced the idea of a smaller globe above the building's entrance (the rooftop was never shown).
At the end of the first season the paper was bought and closed down by Luthor (as would later happen in the comics). Its relaunch was funded by Metropolis businessman Franklin Stern .
In the 2000s live-action television series Smallville , the Daily Planet building is located across the street from the LuthorCorp building. The editor-in-chief of the Planet in this series is Pauline Kahn . One of the main characters of Smallville, Chloe Sullivan , works in the basement of the Planet. In episode 10 of the 6th season a street sign is shown as Chloe ( Allison Mack ) runs out of the Daily Planet from Linda Lake ( Tori Spelling ) and shows that the Planet is located at 355 Burrard St.
The 2006 Superman Returns movie has redesigned the Daily Planet as a completely computer generated image of a fictional building in a fully fictional city.
Cultural references
The band The Dukes of Stratosphear, an alter ego for XTC, makes reference to the newspaper in a song called "Brainiac's Daughter" on their 1987 album Psonic Psunspot: "Brainiac's daughter talks like a Daily Planet reporter."
The band Love has a song called "The Daily Planet" on their 1967 album Forever Changes. The phrase "Daily Planet" is never actually mentioned in the song, and none of the lyrics make reference to Superman.
The real-life newspaper in Metropolis, Illinois is named after the Daily Planet. However, as it is a weekly newspaper, it is named the Metropolis Planet.
The Asheville Daily Planet , an alternative weekly newspaper, debuted in Asheville, North Carolina in December 2004. The first article of the first issue made references to the Superman mythos. "I thought [it] would be kind of a smashing name, because everybody reads Superman comics," Publisher John North has said.
The Berkeley Daily Planet is a free, twice-weekly newspaper published in Berkeley, California.
DelhiPlanet is a Delhi,India based e-zine that is inspired from the Daily Planet. On November 8th,2007 the website launched it's Comic Strip which shows Superman's visit to India on Diwali and ends with his gift to the country which happens to be DelhiPlanet itself.
The Brazilian humor group Casseta & Planeta created a satiric newspaper in 1984 called Planeta Diário (Daily Planet in Portuguese) in a nod to Clark Kent's newspaper. The newspaper sold 100,000 copies per edition.
The cable television network Discovery Channel features a show called Daily Planet. Hosted by Jay Ingram and Natasha Stillwell, the Discovery Channel Web site describes it as "a one-hour long science magazine show that brings you the world like you've never seen it before."
American sportscaster Chris Berman of ESPN, who is well known for his pun-ny nicknames for various baseball players, dubbed St. Louis Cardinals relief pitcher Ken Dayley (1984-90) "Ken Dayley Planet".
References
External links
DAILY PLANET A Brazilian site devoted to the Superman Universe
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‘Ruby Rose’ is Cockney rhyming slang for which part of the body? | What is the meaning of Rose, what is the definition of Rose, Rose means
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Definition of Rose
Rose n. means: A knot of ribbon formed like a rose; a rose knot; a rosette, esp. one worn on a shoe.
What is the meaning/definition of Rose ?
Rose n. means: A knot of ribbon formed like a rose; a rose knot; a rosette, esp. one worn on a shoe.
Meaning of Rose
Rose (n.) means: A knot of ribbon formed like a rose; a rose knot; a rosette, esp. one worn on a shoe.
More meanings / definitions of Rose or words, sentences containing Rose?
Rose-cut (a.): Cut flat on the reverse, and with a convex face formed of triangular facets in rows; -- said of diamonds and other precious stones. See Rose diamond, under Rose. Cf. Brilliant, n.: Example:
Rose (n.): A knot of ribbon formed like a rose; a rose knot; a rosette, esp. one worn on a shoe.: Example:
Rose-pink (a.): Having a pink color like that of the rose, or like the pigment called rose pink. See Rose pink, under Rose.: Example:
Noisette (n.): A hybrid rose produced in 1817, by a French gardener, Noisette, of Charleston, South Carolina, from the China rose and the musk rose. It has given rise to many fine varieties, as the Lamarque, the Marechal (or Marshal) Niel, and the Cloth of gold. Most roses of this class have clustered flowers and are of vigorous growth.: Example:
Rose (n.): The color of a rose; rose-red; pink.: Example:
Dog-rose (n.): A common European wild rose, with single pink or white flowers.: Example:
Rose-rial (n.): A name of several English gold coins struck in different reigns and having having different values; a rose noble.: Example:
Rose-red (a.): Red as a rose; specifically (Zool.), of a pure purplish red color.: Example:
Provence rose (): The cabbage rose (Rosa centifolia).: Example:
Canker (n.): A kind of wild, worthless rose; the dog-rose.: Example:
Rose (v. t.): To render rose-colored; to redden; to flush.: Example:
Roseola (n.): A rose-colored efflorescence upon the skin, occurring in circumscribed patches of little or no elevation and often alternately fading and reviving; also, an acute specific disease which is characterized by an eruption of this character; -- called also rose rash.: Example:
Rose-colored (a.): Uncommonly beautiful; hence, extravagantly fine or pleasing; alluring; as, rose-colored anticipations.: Example:
Rosette (n.): A rose burner. See under Rose.: Example:
Gelder-rose (n.): Same as Guelder-rose.: Example:
Rose-water (a.): Having the odor of rose water; hence, affectedly nice or delicate; sentimental.: Example:
Oleander (n.): A beautiful evergreen shrub of the Dogbane family, having clusters of fragrant red or white flowers. It is native of the East Indies, but the red variety has become common in the south of Europe. Called also rosebay, rose laurel, and South-sea rose.: Example:
Roseo- (): A prefix (also used adjectively) signifying rose-red; specifically used to designate certain rose-red compounds (called roseo-cobaltic compounds) of cobalt with ammonia. Cf. Luteo-.: Example:
Rose-colored (a.): Having the color of a pink rose; rose-pink; of a delicate pink color.: Example:
Canker bloom (): The bloom or blossom of the wild rose or dog-rose.: Example:
Cup-rose (n.): Red poppy. See Cop-rose.: Example:
Roseate (a.): resembling a rose in color or fragrance; esp., tinged with rose color; blooming; as, roseate beauty; her roseate lips.: Example:
Rose (n.): A rose window. See Rose window, below.: Example:
Heep (n.): The hip of the dog-rose.: Example:
Rose (imp.): of Rise: Example:
Rose (n.): A diamond. See Rose diamond, below.: Example:
Rosehead (n.): See Rose, n., 4.: Example:
Rose (n.): The erysipelas.: Example:
Hep (n.): See Hip, the fruit of the dog-rose.: Example:
Hip tree (): The dog-rose.: Example:
Hop (n.): The fruit of the dog-rose. See Hip.: Example:
Rose (): imp. of Rise.: Example:
Dog-brier (n.): The dog-rose.: Example:
Rose (v. t.): To perfume, as with roses.: Example:
Snowball (n.): The Guelder-rose.: Example:
Hep tree (): The wild dog-rose.: Example:
Rhodocrinite (n.): A rose encrinite.: Example:
Cop-rose (n.): The red, or corn, poppy.: Example:
Rosedrop (n.): A lozenge having a rose flavor.: Example:
Rosewort (n.): Any plant nearly related to the rose.: Example:
Water elder (): The guelder-rose.: Example:
Coquelicot (n.): The wild poppy, or red corn rose.: Example:
Gy-rose (a.): Turned round like a crook, or bent to and fro.: Example:
Roseal (a.): resembling a rose in smell or color.: Example:
Agrimony (n.): A genus of plants of the Rose family.: Example:
Damask (n.): A deep pink or rose color.: Example:
Rosebud (n.): The flower of a rose before it opens, or when but partially open.: Example:
Hip (n.): The fruit of a rosebush, especially of the English dog-rose (Rosa canina).: Example:
Bon Silene (): A very fragrant tea rose with petals of various shades of pink.: Example:
Rosette (n.): An ornament in the form of a rose or roundel, -much used in decoration.: Example:
Like to add another meaning or definition of Rose?
Words, slangs, sentences and phrases similar to Rose
Meaning of ROSE
ROSE means: Rose is British slang for a virginal vagina.
Meaning of IRISH ROSE
IRISH ROSE means: Irish rose is London Cockney rhyming slang for nose.
Meaning of RUBY ROSE
RUBY ROSE means: Ruby rose is London Cockney rhyming slang for nose.
Meaning of TOKYO ROSE
TOKYO ROSE means: Tokyo Rose is London Cockney rhyming slang for nose.
Meaning of Pin a rose on it
Pin a rose on it means: Add onion to it
Meaning of Pin a rose on it
Pin a rose on it means: Add onion to it
Meaning of Irish Rose
Meaning of à l’eau de rose
à l’eau de rose means: sentimental, soppy, gushy
Meaning of Burn one, take it through the garden and pin a rose on it
Burn one, take it through the garden and pin a rose on it means: Hamburger with lettuce, tomato, and onion
Meaning of como una rosa
como una rosa means: fresh as a daisy; soft as silk. (lit.: like a rose)
Meaning of Flower of the Winds
Flower of the Winds means: Old expression for the engraving of the wind:rose on charts.
Meaning of Burn one, take it through the garden and pin a rose on it
Burn one, take it through the garden and pin a rose on it means: Hamburger with lettuce, tomato, and onion
Meaning of Parallel Rule
Parallel Rule means: Tool used for transferring course and bearing to and from the compass rose on a chart
Meaning of Mow-Mow
Mow-Mow means: Refers to the Mau Mau movement in Kenya , that rose up in protest to the theft of their land by the British. Mau Mau is european-invented name; the Gikuyu people is the Kenyan name.
Meaning of Go Upriver to Spawn
Go Upriver to Spawn means: A term referring to a port visit in Portland, Oregon during the highly anticipated Rose Festival, which is held annually in June.
Meaning of Compass Rose Tattoo
Compass Rose Tattoo means: Symbolizes that the sailor will always know the direction to go home. (See North Star Tattoo)
Meaning of North Star Tattoo
North Star Tattoo means: Symbolizes that the sailor will always know the direction to go home. (See Compass Rose Tattoo)
Meaning of Rose-cut
Rose-cut means: Cut flat on the reverse, and with a convex face formed of triangular facets in rows; -- said of diamonds and other precious stones. See Rose diamond, under Rose. Cf. Brilliant, n.
Meaning of Rose
Rose means: A knot of ribbon formed like a rose; a rose knot; a rosette, esp. one worn on a shoe.
Meaning of Rose-pink
Rose-pink means: Having a pink color like that of the rose, or like the pigment called rose pink. See Rose pink, under Rose.
Meaning of Noisette
Noisette means: A hybrid rose produced in 1817, by a French gardener, Noisette, of Charleston, South Carolina, from the China rose and the musk rose. It has given rise to many fine varieties, as the Lamarque, the Marechal (or Marshal) Niel, and the Cloth of gold. Most roses of this class have clustered flowers and are of vigorous growth.
Meaning of Rose
Rose means: The color of a rose; rose-red; pink.
Meaning of Dog-rose
Dog-rose means: A common European wild rose, with single pink or white flowers.
Meaning of Rose-rial
Rose-rial means: A name of several English gold coins struck in different reigns and having having different values; a rose noble.
Meaning of Rose-red
Rose-red means: Red as a rose; specifically (Zool.), of a pure purplish red color.
Meaning of Provence rose
Provence rose means: The cabbage rose (Rosa centifolia).
Meaning of Canker
Canker means: A kind of wild, worthless rose; the dog-rose.
Meaning of Rose
Rose means: To render rose-colored; to redden; to flush.
Meaning of Roseola
Roseola means: A rose-colored efflorescence upon the skin, occurring in circumscribed patches of little or no elevation and often alternately fading and reviving; also, an acute specific disease which is characterized by an eruption of this character; -- called also rose rash.
Meaning of Rose-colored
Rose-colored means: Uncommonly beautiful; hence, extravagantly fine or pleasing; alluring; as, rose-colored anticipations.
Meaning of Rosette
Rosette means: A rose burner. See under Rose.
Meaning of Gelder-rose
| Nose |
Which vitamin is known to prevent night-blindness? | Slang words - R - English and American
Slang beginning with R English lesson
What will I learn from the English lesson slang beginning with R?
During this English lesson you will be able to use the list to find out the meaning of any slang beginning with R you might read or hear about.
Click on each letter of the alphabet to get the list of the slang words with an explanation of each.
** Warning some slang is of an adult nature **
Slang words beginning with R
R & R
R & R is slang for rest and recuperation; rest and relaxation.
R AND R
R and R is slang for rape and robbery. R and R is slang for relaxation.
R and R is slang for rock and roll.
R G KNOWLES
R G Knowles was British theatre rhyming slang for holes.
R
R is slang for valium.
RAAS
Raas is a Jamaican slang for the backside. Raas is abusive Jamaican slang for go away!
RAASCLAAT
Raasclaat is Jamaican slang for a rag used to wipe the backside.
RABBI
Rabbi is American slang for a senior official who exerts influence or patronage on behalf of a person.
RABBIT
Rabbit (shortened from rabbit and pork) is Cockney rhyming slang for to talk, often unceasingly. Rabbit is derogatory slang for a person who is a novice or bad at a sport or game. Rabbit is Australian and nautical slang for a smuggled or stolen article.
Rabbit is Australian and nautical slang for borrow, steal.
RABBIT AND PORK
Rabbit and pork is London Cockney rhyming slang for talk.
RABBIT FOOD
Rabbit food is slang for fresh, uncooked fruit and vegetables.
RABBIT HUTCH
Rabbit hutch is London Cockney rhyming slang for the groin (crutch).
RABBIT'S PAW
Rabbit's paw is London Cockney rhyming slang for to scold (jaw).
RABBIT−O
Rabbit−o is Australian slang for an itinerant seller of rabbits for food.
RACE NORMING
Race norming is educational slang for the practice of adjusting the scores on standardized tests to reflect the relative rank of the person taking the test within the test score norms of his or her own race.
RACE OFF
Race off is Australian slang for hurry away.
Race Off is Australian and American slang for to seduce.
RACK
Rack was formerly American slang (it's now conventional language) for a bed or bunk. Rack is slang for sleep.
RACK ATTACK
Rack attack is American slang for a bout of extreme laziness.
RACK MONSTER
Rack monster is slang for someone who sleeps a lot.
RACK OFF
Rack off is Australian slang for to go away, to leave.
RACK ONE'S BRAINS
Rack one's brains is slang for to search one's memory; think hard trying to remember.
RACK OUT
Rack out is American slang for to lie down, to sleep.
RACKED−OFF
Racked−off is British and Australian slang for irritated, disgruntled, annoyed.
RACKED−UP
Racked−up is American slang for tense, nervous, worried.
RACKET
Racket is slang for a scheme, dodge, trick, or the like.
RACKET−JACKET
Racket−jacket is Black−American slang for a zoot suit
RACKS OF MEATS
Racks of meats is London Cockney rhyming slang for breasts (tits).
RAD
Rad is American slang for fine, excellent, fashionable, very enjoyable.
RADDIE
Raddie is British slang for an Italian.
RADDLED
Raddled is British slang for drunk, intoxicated.
RADICAL
Radical is slang for very good; excellent.
RADIO ONE'S
Radio one's is London Cockney rhyming slang for diarrhoea (runs).
RADIO RENTAL
Radio rental is Londonc Cockney rhyming slang for crazy, deranged, insane (mental).
RADISH
Radish is British slang for a fool, an idiot.
RAF
RAF is British slang for an ugly woman (Rough As Fuck).
RAFFERTY
Rafferty is Australian and New Zealand slang for no rules at all.
RAFFLE TICKET
Raffle ticket is London Cockney rhyming slang for a mistake (ricket).
RAFT
Raft is American slang for a large collection of people or things taken indiscriminately.
RAFTING ON THE RIO CACA
Rafting on the Rio Caca is American medical slang for massive diarrhoea.
RAG
Rag is slang for a newspaper.
Rag is British naval slang for a sail, flag or ensign.
Tag is British slang for the worst horse in a arace.
Rag is British and American slang for a sanitary towel.
Rag is American slang for to tease, put down, criticize. To nag or complain.
Rag was slang for a banknote.
Rag was slang for a small amount of money.
Rag is slang for the curtain in a theatre.
RAG AND BONE
Rag and bone is London Cockney rhyming slang for lavatory (throne).
RAG IT
Rag it is slang for push to the limits. Usually applied to driving a vehicle. E.g.He always rags it when hes in a hire car.
RAG OUT
Rag out is American slang for to put on ones finest clothes; dress up.
RAG WEEK
Rag week is British slang for the menstrual period.
RAG, TAG AND BOBTAIL
Rag, tag and bobtail was th century British slang for the peasantry, the poor, riff−raff.
RAG−BAG
Rag−bag is British slang for a scruffily dressed person.
RAG−HEAD
Rag−head is slang for an arab.
RAG−TOP
Rag−top is slang for a convertible car.
RAGE
Rage is American slang for to have a good time.
Rage is Australian slang for a wild party or celebration.
RAGGED OUT
Ragged out is American slang for smartly dressed. Ragged out is American slang for distasteful, unpleasant.
RAGGEDY−ARSED
Raggedy−arsed is British slang for poor, needy.
RAGGEDY−ASS
Raggedy−ass is American slang for unkempt, uncouth, disorganised.
RAGGING
Ragging is slang for well dressed
Ragging is American slang for complaining, harassing.
RAGING
Raging is British rhyming slang for a first−class honours degree.
RAGMANS COAT
Ragmans coat is British slang for an untidy and very hairy vagina.
RAGS
Rags is slang for clothes.
RAGTIME
Ragtime is slang for disorderly; disreputable.
RAGWEED
Ragweed is slang for cannabis.
RAH−RAH
Rah−rah is Australian slang for a devotee of Rugby Union football. Rah−rah is American slang for enthusiasm or excitement.
RAIDER
Raider is financial slang for an individual who rushes in and acquires other companies by buying large amounts of shares (stock).
RAILINGS
Railings is British slang for the teeth.
RAILROAD
Railroad is American slang for to force something to happen through wit or intimidation. The British equivalent is bulldoze.
RAILROAD BULL
Railroad bull is American slang for a railway policeman.
RAILROAD FLAT
Railroad flat is American slang for a flat whose floor plan requires one to walk through one room to get to the other.
RAILWAY THINKING
Railway thinking is American slang for the belief that the events of history (on both a grand and on a personal scale) repeat themselves.
RAIN AND POUR
Rain and pour is London Cockney rhyming slang for snore.
RAINBOW
Rainbow is boxing slang for a discoloured bruise. Rainbow is drug slang for a multi−coloured pill.
RAINBOW TROUT
Rainbow trout is London Cockney rhyming slang for a German (Kraut).
RAINBOWS
Rainbows is slang for phenobarbital or other multi−coloured pills.
RAINCOAT
Raincoat is British slang for a condom.
RAINCOAT BRIGADE
Raincoat brigade is slang for habitual watchers of pornographic films.
RAINMAKER
Rainmaker is American slang for a person thought to be a creative leader in developing business.
RAINY DAY WOMAN
Rainy day woman is American slang for cannabis.
RAISE EYEBROWS
Raise eyebrows is slang for to cause surprise or disapproval.
RAISE SAND
Raise sand is American slang for fight, a disturbance.
RAISE THE DEVIL
To raise the devil is slang for to cause a great disturbance; to make great trouble.
RAJPUTANA
Rajputana was old British slang for a banana.
RAKE
Rake is British slang for to search thoroughly. Rake is British slang for a comb.
RAKE DOWN
Rake down is American slang for to win at cards, or other games.
RAKE IT IN
Rake it in is slang for to earn a lot of money.
RAKE OVER THE COALS
Rake over the coals is slang for to criticise.
RAKE−OFF
Rake−off is slang for a share of profits, especially one that is illegal or given as a bribe.
RAKER
Raker is slang for a heavy bet on a horse. Raker is British slang for a comb.
RALEIGH BIKE
Raleigh bike is London Cockney rhyming slang for a lesbian (dyke).
RALLY
Rally is American slang for to behave outrageously.
RALPH
Ralph is American slang for to vomit
RALPH LYNN
Ralph Lynn was early th century London Cockney rhyming slang for gin.
RAM
Ram is slang for a sexually active man.
Ram is British slang for to have sexual intercourse.
Ram is Australian slang for an accomplice in, or the act of assisting in, a petty crime.
RAM−JAM FULL
Ram−jam full is slang for crammed full.
RAM−SAMMY
Ram−sammy is slang for a family quarrel; a noisy gathering; a fight.
RAMBO
Rambo is British slang for a strong, powerful man. Rambo is British slang for a weak, puny man.
RAMBOLD
Rambold is slang for aggressive, excessively enthusiastic.
RAMBUNCTIOUS
Rambunctious is slang for lively, troublesome.
RAMMER
Rammer is British slang for the penis.
RAMMIES
Rammies is Australian and South African slang for trousers.
RAMP
Ramp is British slang for the bar in a public house. Ramp is British slang for to rob with violence.
Ramp is British slang for a swindle, especially one involving exorbitant prices. Ramp is slang for forcing a bookmaker to pay a pretend bet.
Ramp is Australian slang for a search of a prisoner or prison cell.
RAMP UP
Ramp up is British slang for to arrange, to organise.
RAMPACIOUS
Rampacious is slang for high−spirited.
RAMPAGE
Rampage is American slang for to search frantically.
RAMPED−UP
Ramped−up is British slang for the price something is set at.
RAMPS
Ramps is British slang for a fake fight staged as a diversion for a confidence trick.
RAMPSMAN
Rampsman is slang for a person who commits robbery with violence.
RAMROD
Ramrod is slang for an erect penis.
RAMSGATE
Ramsgate (shortened from Ransgate Sands) is London Cockney rhyming slang for assistance (hand).
RAMSGATE SANDS
Ramsgate Sands is London Cockney rhyming slang for hands.
RANCHY
Ranchy is American slang for dirty, disgusting, indecent.
RANCID
Rancid is American slang for awful.
RANDOLPH SCOTT
Randolph Scott is London Cockney rhyming slang for a spot, pimple.
RANDOM
Random is American slang for out of the ordinary, eccentric. Random is American slang for ordinary.
Random is American slang for a stranger.
RANDY
Randy is British slang for sexually aroused, lecherous. Randy is Dorset slang for a party.
RANGON
Rangoon is London Cockney rhyming slang for prune.
RANJITIKI
Ranjitiji is old London Cockney docker rhyming slang for tricky.
RANK
Rank is black American slang for insult; put someone down. Rank is American slang for to back out of a commitment. Rank is American slang for disgusting.
RANKER
Ranker is American slang for a person who backs out of a commitment.
RANKING
Ranking is Jamaican slang for possessed of style; fashionable; exciting, powerful.
RANNYGAZOO
Rannygazoo is American slang for a prank; horseplay.
RANTALLION
Rantallion is British slang for a man with a very short penis.
RANTING
Ranting is British slang for a style of aggressive stand−up poetry recital.
RANTY TANTY
Ranty tanty is slang for a prostitute.
RAP
Rap is slang for a rebuke.
Rap is slang for the theft of a purse.
Rap is slang for a kind of music sometimes called hip−hop characterized by lyrical talking. Rap is
slang for to talk, especially volubly.
Rap is slang for a rebuke or adverse criticism.
Rap is slang for an identification from among a group of suspects.
Rap is Irish slang for a halfpenny.
Rap is Irish slang for money.
Rap is Australian slang for congratulations.
Rap is American slang for to talk.
Rap is American slang for a criminal accusation.
Rap is American slang for a prison sentence.
Rap is Black American slang for an impromptu talk or discussion.
Rap was th century slang for barter.
Rap was th century Irish slang for a counterfeit halfpenny.
RAP CENTRE
Rap centre is American slang for a meeting−place for group discussions.
RAP GROUP
Rap group is American slang for a group that meets to dicuss problems, etc.
RAP SESSION
Rap session is American slang for a conversation, a discussion.
RAP SHEET
Rap sheet is American slang for a police record.
RAPID−FIRE
Rapid−fire is British slang for premature ejaculation.
RAPIDDO
Rapiddo is British slang for quickly.
RAPPER
Rapper is slang for someone who raps. Rapper is slang for a forcible oath or lie.
Rapper is slang for a complainant; plaintiff; a prosecutor.
RAPT
Rapt is slang for delighted.
RAQUEL WELCH
Raquel Welch is London Cockney rhyming slang for belch.
RARE
Rare is British slang for good, yes, a slang term of agreement.
RARING TO GO
Raring to go is slang for eager, ready for action.
RASH
Rash is slang for wonderful.
RASHER AND BUBBLE
Rasher and bubble is London Cockney rhyming slang for double, usually a dartboard double.
RASPBERRY CHARLOTTE
Raspberry charlotte is British slang for to vomit.
RASPBERRY RIPPLE
Raspberry ripple is London Cockney rhyming slang for a cripple.
RASPBERRY TART
Raspberry tart is Cockney rhyming slang for the heart.
Raspberry tart is Cockney rhyming slang for to emit wind from the anus (fart).
RASPER
Rasper is slang for a harsh or unpleasant person or thing. Rasper is slang for a remarkable or extraordinary thing.
RASPING
Rasping is slang for a remarkable or extraordinary.
RASS
Rass is Black American slang for the buttocks; the anus. Rass is Black American slang for a contemptible person. Rass is Black American slang for anal sex.
RASTA
Rasta is slang for Rastafarian. Rasta is slang for cannabis.
RASTA BOX
Rasta box is slang for a large portable stereo radio−cassette player.
RASTUS
Rastus is American derogatory slang for a typical black person.
RAT
Rat is slang for an informer; stool pigeon.
Rat is American slang for a newly recruited cadet.
Rat is American slang for to inform or testify against another person.
RAT AND MICE
Rat and mice is London Cockney rhyming slang for dice. Rat and mice is London Cockney rhyming slang for rice.
RAT AND MOUSE
Rat and mouse is London Cockney rhyming slang for house. Rat and mouse is London Cockney rhyming slang for louse.
RAT BOY
Rat boy is slang for a person in a drug community who has an ability to test the purity and potency of a drug, usually by testing the drug on themself.
RAT ON
Rat on is slang for to inform on or betray someone.
RAT OUT
Rat out is slang for to abandon, to betray.
RAT PACK
Rat pack is slang for a gang of disorderly young people.
RAT RACE
Rat race is slang for the daily cycle of work, eat and sleep.
RAT TRAP
Rat Trap is London Cockney rhyming slang for a Japanese person (Jap).
RAT−ARSED
Rat−arsed is slang for intoxicated, drunk.
RAT−BOY
Rat−boy is American slang for a male killer of policemen.
RAT−FACED
Rat−faced is slang for intoxicated, drunk.
RAT−HOLE
Rat−hole is American slang for a hide or store, especially one for money.
RAT−RUN
Rat−run is Britisg slang for a side street used by fast commuter traffic.
RAT−STINKER
Rat−stinker is British slang for an obnoxious, despicable person.
RAT−STINKING
Rat−stinking is British slang for very drunk, intoxicated.
RATBAG
Ratbag is slang for someone who doesn't behave properly. Ratbag is slang for a despicable, obnoxious person.
RATBAGGERY
Ratbaggery is Australian slang for nonsense, eccentricity.
RATCATCHER'S DAUGHTER
Ratcatcher's daughter is London Cockney rhyming slang for drinking water.
RATE
Rate is slang for to think highly of. Rate is American slang for deserve.
RATE−BUSTER
Rate−buster is American slang for a worker whose high productivity threatens or causes a reduction in rates.
RATFINK
Ratfink is slang for an unpleasnt, contemptible person, especially an informer. Ratfink is American slang for a strike breaker.
RATHE
Rathe is Dorset slang for soon, early.
RATHOLE
Rathole is slang for a disgusting, squalid place.
RATHOUSE
Rathouse is Australian and New Zealand slang for a mental hospital.
RATS
Rats is Australian slang for deranged; insane.
RATSHIT
Ratshit is Australian slang for worthless, inferior, utterly disappointing.
RATTED
Ratted is British slang for intoxicated, drunk.
RATTER
Ratter is Australian slang for someone who steals opal from another person's mine.
RATTLE
Rattle is old slang for hurry; work energetically. Rattle is British slang for to have sex with someone.
RATTLE AND CLANK
Rattle and clank is London Cockney rhyming slang for a bank.
RATTLE AND HISS
Rattle and hiss is London Cockney rhyming slang for urination (piss).
RATTLE AROUND
Rattle around is slang for something to be somewhere, though one is not sure quite where.
RATTLE SOMEONE'S CAGE
Rattle someone's cage is slang for to provoke, disturb, rouse.
RATTLEBRAIN
Rattlebrain is slang for a light−minded person, full of idle talk.
RATTLED
Rattled is British slang for drunk, intoxicated.
RATTLEHEAD
Rattlehead is British slang for a person listening to a personal stereo in a public place.
RATTLER
Rattler is slang for a train.
Rattler is slang for a fast horse or a remarkably good specimen of something.
Rattler is British slang for a womaniser, a seducer.
RATTLESNAKES
Rattlesnakes is London Cockney rhyming slang for delirium tremens (shakes).
RATTLETRAP
Rattletrap is slang for the mouth.
RATTY
Ratty is slang for irritable.
Ratty is American slang for shabby; dilapidated.
RAUNCH
Raunch is slang for lack of polish or refinement; crudeness.
RAUNCHY
Rauncht is slang for lecherous, vulgar, or smutty; openly sexual; lusty; earthy. Raunchy is American slang for disgusting.
RAVE
Rave is slang for to enjoy oneself wildly or uninhibitedly. Rave is British slang for a fad or fashion.
Rave is slang for a temporary passionate infatuation.
RAVE−UP
rave−up is British slang for a wild party.
RAVER
Raver is British slang for a person who leads a wild or uninhibited social life. An unrestrained hedonist. Raver is British slang for a male homosexual.
RAVERS
Ravers is slang for furious; angry.
RAVEY
Ravey is slang for in the manner of a rave.
RAVI SHANKAR
Ravi Shankar is London Cockney rhyming slang for an unpleasant person (wanker).
RAVING
Raving is slang for the act of going to a rave.
RAW
Raw is surfing slang for very good, terrific.
RAW DEAL
Rw deal is slang for an unfair arrangement or conclusion.
RAW MEAT
Raw meat is slang for the sex organs. Raw meat is slang for sexual intercourse.
RAW PRAWN
Raw Prawn is Australian slang for a con or a lie.
RAW RECRUIT
Raw recruit is British slang for neat spirits.
RAWALPINDI
Rawalpindi is London Cockney rhyming slang for windy.
RAY−GUN
Ray−gun is British slang for a hand−help speed−measuring device.
RAYS
Rays is British slang for sunshine.
RAZOO
Razoo is American slang for ridicule; an expression of contempt or derision. Razoo is American slang for to ridicule, provoke or arouse.
Razoo is Australian and New Zealand slang for an imaginary coin of very little or trivial value.
RAZOR BLADE
Razor blade is offensive London Cockney rhyming slang for a black person (spade).
RAZOR GANG
Razor gang is railway slang for a team of investigators seeking ways if increasing productivity.
RAZOR−BACK
Razor−back is Australian and New Zealand slang for a lean and scraggy cow or bullock. Razor−back is American slang for a circus hand. The term is especially applied to a circus hand who loads and unloads the wagons.
RAZORBLADE
Razorblade is British rhyming slang for a Black person (spade).
RAZZ
Razz is American and Canadian slang for to make fun of; deride.
RAZZLE
Razzle is slang for a spree or good time.
RAZZLE−DAZZLE
Razzle−dazzle is slang for a noisy or showy fuss or activity.
RAZZMATAZZ
Razzmatazz is London Cockney rhyming slang for jazz music.
RAZZO
Razzo is slang for the nose.
RE−ENTRY
Re−entry is slang for the return to normality after the effects of an LSD experience have worn off.
RE−UP
Re−up is American slang for re−enlist.
REACH
Reach is American slang for bribe.
REACH FOR THE SKY
Reach for the sky is slang for the instruction to raise one's hands. Reach for the sky is slang for to try to attain one's dream.
REACHER
Reacher was American gangster slang for a long−range gun, a rifle.
READ AND WRITE
Read and write is London Cockney rhyming slang for fight.
READ BETWEEN THE LINES
Read between the lines is slang for to understand someone's meaning by correctly imagining what was left unsaid.
READ MY LIPS
Read my lips is slang for listen carefully to what I am saying.
READ ONE'S SHIRT
Read one's shirt is slang for to search one's clothes for lice.
READ THE RIOT ACT
Read the riot act is slang for chastise severely.
READ THE TOILET
Read the toilet is American slang for to vomit
READER
Reader is criminal slang for a pocketbook. Reader is slang for a marked playing card.
READIES
Readies is slang for money.
READY
Ready is slang for cash.
Ready is British slang for to bribe.
Ready is American music slang for excellent, fully competent.
READY ROCK
Ready rock is slang for heroin.
READY UP
Ready up is Australian slang for prepare or manipulate in an improper way.
READY−UP
Ready−up is Australian slang for a swindle, fake, a case of fraudulent manipulation.
READY−WASH
Ready−wash is British slang for crack cocaine.
REAGAN DEMOCRAT
Reagan Democrat is American slang for a conservative Democrat voter.
REALITY CHECK
Reality check is American slang for an examination of one's thoughts to see if one is being realistic or wishful.
REALITY PROGRAMMING
Reality programming is American slang for television shows that feature real people in real situations.
REAM
Ream is slang for genuine.
Ream is British and American slang for anal intercourse. Ream is American slang for cheat; swindle.
Ream is American slang for treat unfairly.
REAMER
Reamer is slang for someone who engages in anal intercourse.
REAR
Rear is slang for a public lavatory.
REAR ADMIRAL
Rear Admiral is British slang for a male homosexual. Rear admiral is American slang for proctologist.
REAR GUNNER
Rear gunner is British slang for a male homosexual.
REAR UP
Rear up is British slang for to lose one's temper.
REAR−ENDER
Rear−ender is London Cockney rhyming slang for a male homosexual (bender).
Rear−ender is American slang for an automobile accident in which the front of one vehicle strikes the
rear of another.
Rec is British slang for a local recreation ground.
RECCE
Recce is military slang for reconnaissance or reconnoitre.
RECCO
Recco is military slang for a reconnaissance. Recco is Australian slang for recognition.
RECESS
Recess is criminal slang for the room for slopping out in a prison.
RECKLESS EYEBALLING
Reckless eyeballing is Black−American slang for looking with desire at forbidden persons
RECKON
Reckon is slang for to regard as good.
RECKONING
Reckoning is Dorset slang for wages.
RECON
Recon is military slang for reconnaissance.
RECORD CHANGER
Record changer is American slang for an unskilled menial worker.
RECORD HOP
Record hop was old slang for a dance at which the music was provided by records.
RECYCLE YOUR LUNCH
Recycle your lunch is American slang for to vomit
RED
Red is slang for phenobarbital.
Red is British slang for golden; made of gold.
RED & BLUES
Red & Blues is slang for secobarbital.
RED BIDDY
Red biddy is British slang for cheap red wine or methylated spirits.
RED BIRDS
Red Birds is slang for secobarbital.
RED BUD
Red Bud is slang for cannabis.
RED BULLETS
Red Bullets is slang for secobarbital.
RED CROSS
Red cross is American tramp slang for morphine
RED DEVIL
Red devil is London Cockney rhyming slang for a spirit level.
RED DEVILS
Red Devils is slang for secobarbital.
RED DILLIES
Red Dillies is slang for secobarbital.
RED DOLLS
Red Dolls is slang for secobarbital.
RED EYE
Red eye is British slang for a sore anus.
Red eye is British slang for a long, sleepless, overnight flight.
RED FLAG IS FLYING
Red flag is flying is British slang for menstruating.
RED FLANNEL
Red flannel is British slang for the tongue.
RED GRAVY
Red gravy is Black−American slang for blood
RED HOTS
Red hots is London Cockney rhyming slang for diarrhoea (trots).
RED INK
Red ink is British slang for cheap and unpalatable red wine.
RED JELLEY BEANS
Red Jelley Beans is slang for secobarbital.
RED LEAD
Red Lead is American tramp slang for Ketchup
RED NED
Red ned is Australian slang for any cheap red wine.
RED PIPE
Red pipe is slang for an artery.
RED RAG
Red rag is slang for the tongue.
Red rag is nautical slang for the red ensign.
RED RAW
Red raw is bingo slang for the number sixty−four.
RED RUM
Red rum is London Cockney rhyming slang for quiet, timid (dumb).
RED SAILS IN THE SUNSET
Red sails in the sunset is slang for menstruation.
RED SEA PEDESTRIAN
Red Sea pedestrian is slang for a Jew.
RED TAPER
Red taper is British slang for a bureaucrat.
RED, WHITE AND BLUE
Red. White and blue is London Cockney rhyming slang for flu. Red. White and blue is London Cockney rhyming slang for shoe.
RED−EYE
Red−eye is American slang for a coarse and fiery whisky. Red−eye is American slang for tomato ketchup.
RED−HOT
Red−hot is Australian slang for extreme, unreasonable, or unfair.
RED−HOT POKER
Red−hot poker is American slang for a frankfurter or hot dog.
RED−INKER
Red−inker is British slang for a recorded arrest.
REDBREAST
Redbreast is slang for an officer or soldier wearing a red jacket or waistcoat.
REDDICK
reddick is Dorset slang for a robin.
REDDOCK
Reddock is Dorset slang for a robin.
REDEYE
Redeye is American slang for inferior whiskey.
Redeye is slang for an aeroplane flight leaving late at night or arriving early in the morning. Redeye is
Canadian slang for a drink incorporating beer and tomato juice.
REDLINING
Redlining is American slang for an illegal lending policy that does not allow loans for property in certain areas. It is used to control the racial composition of neighbourhoods in the USA.
REDNECK
Redneck is American slang for a rustic bigot.
REDS
Reds is slang for menstruation. Reds is slang for secobarbital.
REDSHANK
Redshank is slang for a duck.
REDSHIRT
Redshirt is American slang for keeping a player from competing in a season so as to take advantage of their being able to compete in the following season.
Redshirt is American slang for delaying a child's entry into nursery so that they have more time for physical and emotional development before entering school.
REEB
Reeb is British slang for beer.
REEF
Reef is criminal slang for picking a pocket; steal; obtain dishonestly. Reef is slang for a hand−rolled cannabis cigarette.
REEFER
Reefer is slang for a hand−rolled cannabis cigarette. Reefer is criminal slang for a pickpocket.
REEK
Reek is slang for stink.
REEKER
Reeker is American medical slang for a smelly patient.
REELINGS AND ROCKINGS
Reelings and rockings is London Cockney rhyming slang for stockings.
REELS OF COTTON
Reels of cotton is London Cockney rhyming slang for rotten.
REEN
Reen is British slang for a girlfriend.
REEPO
Reepo is American slang for a repossesser of cars on which credit payments have lapsed.
REF
Ref is slang for referee.
REFFO
Reffo was Australian slang for a European refugee after the Second World War.
REFILL
Refill is British slang for a convict serving a life sentence.
REGAL
Regal is British slang for lager.
REGGIE AND RONNIE
Reggie and Ronnie is London Cockney rhyming slang for a condom (Johnny).
REGGIES
Reggies is British slang for aircraft spotters.
REGIMENTAL
Regimental is military slang for maintaining or observing strict discipline.
REGINALD DENNY
Reginald Denny was mid−th century London Cockney rhyming slang for a penny.
REGO
Rego is Australian slang for the registration of a motor vehicle.
REGULAR GUY
Regular guy is American slang for a likeable, unpretentious person.
REGULARS
Regulars is criminal slang for profits.
REGURGITATE
Regurgitate is American slang for to vomit
REJECT
Reject is British slang for useless, substandard, worthless.
RELAXERS
Relaxers is slang for valium.
RELEASE A CHOCOLATE HOSTAGE
Release a chocolate hostage is slang for to defecate.
RELLO
Rello is Australian slang for a relative.
REMUSTER
Remuster is military slang for be assigned to other duties. Remuster is military slang for assemble again.
RENE
Rene is British slang for a young, female, working−class Londoner. Rene is British slang for a girlfriend.
RENT BOY
Rent boy is slang for a male prostitute.
RENT PARTY
Rent party is Black−American slang for a party given in ones home to make money to pay the rent.
RENTACOP
Rentacop is slang for a security guard.
RENTER
Renter is slang for a male prostitute.
RENTS
Rents is American slang for parents.
REP
Rep is school slang for repetition.
REPO MAN
Repo man is American slang for a repossesser of cars on which credit payments have lapsed.
REPPLE DEPPLE
Repple depple is American military slang for a replacement depot where soldiers stationed overseas gather before going home.
REPTILE
Reptile is British slang for a despicable person.
REPTILES
Reptiles is slang for footwear made from dead reptile skin, such as snakeskin or crocodile−skin.
RESPECT
Respect is a Jamaican slang term of respect and approval.
RESULT
Result is British slang for a favourable outcome.
RETARD
Retard is derogatory British slang for a stupid person.
Retard is American slang for a person with learning difficulties (mentally handicapped).
RETCH
Retch is American slang for to vomit
RETIREMENT AGE
Retirement age is bingo slang for .
RETREAD
Retread is slang for a retired soldier recalled for temporary service.
Retread is American slang for providing a retired person with new training for new employment.
RETTES
Rettes is American slang for cigarettes.
REUBEN
Reuben (from Reuben Sandwich) is American slang for a large sandwich served hot, made of rye bread and containing meat, cheese and sauerkraut.
REVENUER
Revenuer is American slang for a revenue officer or cutter.
REVEREND RONALD KNOX
Reverend Ronald Knox is London Cockney rhyming slang for venereal disease (pox).
REVERSE DIARRHOEA
Reverse diarrhoea is American slang for to vomit.
REVERSE DRINK
Reverse drink is American slang for to vomit.
REVERSE GEARS
Reverse gears is American slang for to vomit.
REVERSE GUT
Reverse gut is American slang for to vomit.
REVERSE PERISTALSIS
Reverse peristalsis is American slang for to vomit.
REVERSE WINSTON
Reverse Winston is British slang for a V sign.
REVIVER
Reviver is British slang for the first drink of the day.
REVUSICAL
Revusical is American slang for a light theatrical entertainment combining elements of a revue and a musical.
REVVED UP
Revved up is British slang for excited.
REYNOLDS
Reynolds is slang for valium.
RHINO
Rhino is British slang for money.
RHINOCERAL
Rhinoceral is slang for rich.
RHINOCERICAL
Rhinocerical is slang for rich.
RHUBARB
Rhubarb is slang for nonsense or worthless stuff.
Rhubarb is British slang for meaningless babble, empty talk.
Rhubarb is London Cockney rhyming slang for a loan (sub).
Rhubarb is military slang for low−level flying for opportune strafing.
Rhubarb is American and Canadian slang for a heated discussion or quarrel.
RHUBARB PILL
Rhubarb pill is London Cockney rhyming slang for hill.
Rhubarb pill is London Cockney rhyming slang for bill, invoice.
RHUBARBS
Rhubarbs is London Cockney rhyming slang for subscriptions (subs).
RHYME
Rhyme is Jamaican slang for to joke, to tell a funny story.
RHYME UP
Rhyme up is Black American slang for improvise. The term is generally used in blues music composition.
RHYMER
Rhymer is Jamaican slang for a comedian. Someone who tells jokes.
RHYTHM AND BLUES
Rhythm and blues is London Cockney rhyming slang for shoes.
RIAH
Riah is British and Polari slang for hair.
RIB
Rib is slang for to tease, make fun of. Rib is old slang for a wife or woman.
Rib is old American slang for to discredit or intimidate someone.
RIBAND
Riband is old slang for a ribbon.
RIBBER
Ribber is old slang for a blow to the ribs.
RIBBON
Ribbon was th century slang for a bell−pull. Ribbon is old slang for gin or other spirits.
RIBBON AND CURL
Ribbon and curl is London Cockney rhyming slang for girl.
RIBBONS
Ribbons is slang for reins.
RIBBY
Ribby is slang for dirty, shabby or seedy; run−down, unpleasant.
RIBROAST
Ribroast is slang for to beat soundly.
RICE DON'T COOK IN THE SAME POT
Rice don't cook in the same pot is Jamaican slang for we are too different to get along. I'm better than you.
RICE−BURNER
Rice−burner is American slang for a Japanese motorcycle.
RICHARD
Richard is slang for a detective. Richard is British slang for the penis.
RICHARD AND JUDY
Richard and Judy is London Cockney rhyming slang for moody.
RICHARD BRIARS
Richard Briars is London Cockney rhyming slang for pliers.
RICHARD BURTON
Richard Burton is London Cockney rhyming slang for curtain.
RICHARD GERE
Richard Gere is London Cockney rhyming slang for homosexual (queer).
RICHARD THE THIRD
Richard the Third is London Cockney rhyming slang for a woman (bird) Richard the Third is London Cockney rhyming slang for excrement (turd). Richard the Third is London Cockney rhyming slang for word.
RICHARD TODD
Richard Todd is London Cockney rhyming slang for cod.
RICHIE
Richie is British slang for the penis.
Richie or richy is derogatory American slang for wealthy young person.
RICHY
Rick is slang for rickshaw.
Rick is slang for fictious or spurious.
Rick is slang for an error.
Rick is British slang for a member of a phoney three−card trick team who is seen to 'win', thereby
encouraging others to bet.
Ricket is slang for a blunder or mistake.
RICKY−TICK
Ricky−tick is American slang for an even, repetitive or monotonous rhythm. The term is also used to describe trite, old−fashioned and unsophisticated music.
RIDDLE
Riddle is Dorset slang for a coarse sieve.
RIDDLE−ME−REE
Riddle−me−Ree is London Cockney rhyming slang for urination (pee).
RIDE
Ride is slang for sexual intercourse.
Ride is slang for to transfer from a local gaol to prison.
Ride is American slang for a mode of transportation; car. To go, usually by car. Ride is jazz slang for
an easy flowing or swinging rhythm.
Ride was Scottish slang in the late th century for a particular gold coin issued by James VI.
RIDE SOMEONE'S ASS
Ride someone's ass is American slang for to nag, to harass.
RIDE THE DOLPHIN
Ride the dolphin is slang for masturbate.
RIDE THE GUN
Ride the gun is American slang for to ride in the front passenger seat of a car.
RIDE THE PORCELAIN BUS
Ride the porcelain bus is American slang for to suffer from diarrhoea.
RIDE THE PORCELAIN HONDA
Ride the porcelain Honda is American slang for to suffer from diarrhoea.
RIDE THE REGURGITRON
Ride the regurgitron is American slang for to vomit
RIDEMAN
Rideman is American slang for the operator of an amusement park ride.
Rideman is jazz slang for a musician playing in an easily flowing or swinging rhythm.
RIDEOUT
Rideout is jazz slang for a final chorus.
RIDGE
Ridge is slang for gold or a gold coin.
Ridge is Australian slang for good, alright, genuine.
RIDGE RUNNER
Ridge runner is American slang for a southern mountain farmer.
RIDGY−DIDGE
Ridgy−didge is Australian slang for good, alright, genuine.
RIDING THE SQUIRREL TRAIN
Riding the squirrel train is American medical slang for a patient who has awakened in a confused state and is trying to get out of bed, pulling at his tubes, etc.
RIFF
Riff is slang for a short, repeated sequence of musical notes, usually played on a guitar.
RIFF−RAFF
Riff−Raff is London Cockney rhyming slang for a café (caff). Riff−Raff is London Cockney rhyming slang for a Welsh person (taff)
RIFFLE
Riffle is British slang for to manipulate the male sex organs so as to arouse them to a state of erection.
RIFLE
Rifle is British slang for the penis.
RIFLE RANGE
Rifle range is London Cockney rhyming slang for change (money).
RIG
Rig is slang for the penis.
Rig is slang for a transceiver.
Rig is American slang for a large van or bus.
Rig is drug slang for the equipment needed to inject.
RIGHT
Right is criminal slang for reliable, trustworthy, friendly or sympathetic towards criminals.
RIGHT BACK
Right back is British slang for the number two in a deck of playing cards.
RIGHT HALF
Right half is British slang for a number four in a deck of playing cards.
RIGHT ON
Right on is American slang expression of an enthusiastic agreement or approval.
RIGHT−ON
Right−on is American slang for greatly approved of, up to date, or relevant.
RIGHTEOUS
Righteous is American slang for excellent; of good quality; of the preferred type.
RIGID
Rigid is slang for intoxicated, drunk.
RIM
Rim is slang for to lick, kiss, or suck the anus of one's sexual partner. Rim is slang for to sodomise.
Rim is American slang for the edge of the semi−circular desk around which newspaper sub−editors work. Rim is American slang for cheat or swindle.
RIN−TIN−TINS
Rin−Tin−Tins is London Cockney rhyming slang for legs (pins).
RIND
Rind is slang for impudence, effrontery.
Rind is Black−American slang for ones skin.
RING
Ring is slang for the anus.
Ring is slang for change or substitute. The term is frequently applied to fraudulently changing the
identity of something (usually a motor car).
Ring was old slang for money obtained by begging or extortion.
RING IN
Ring in is Australian and New Zealand slang for fraudulently substituting something.
RING MASTER
Ring master is British slang for a male homosexual.
RING SNATCHER
Ring snatcher is British slang for someone who prefers anal intercourse.
RING SOMEONE'S BELL
Ring someone's bell is slang for to bring someone to sexual climax. Ring someone's bell is slang for to make someone aware of you.
RING THE SHED
Ring the shed is Australian slang for beating all the other shearers in a shed at sheep−shearing.
RING−PIECE
Ring−piece is slang for the anus.
RINGBURNER
Ringburner is British slang for a hot curry.
RINGER
Ringer is slang for a person or thing that is almost identical to another. Ringer is slang for a false number plate on a stolen motor vehicle.
Ringer is slang for an unregistered player in a team who plays under the name of a legitimate team member. Ringer is slang for a second−hand car made to appear younger than it is.
Ringer is slang for a stolen car whose appearance and number plates have been changed. Ringer is
Australian slang for an expert.
RINGO STARR
Ringo Starr was 's British rhyming slang for a car.
RINGTAIL
Ringtail is American slang for a worthless or irritable person; a hobo.
RINKY−DINK
Rinky−dink is British slang for cute, neat, smart. Rinky−dink is London Cockney rhyming slang for pink.
Rinky−dink is American slang for something shoddy, worn out, antiquated or worthless.
RINKY−TINK
Rinky−tink is American jazz slang for a piano on which simple repetitive tunes are played.
RIO
Rio is slang for a thousand.
RIO GRANDE
Rio Grande is slang for a thousand.
RIOT
Riot is slang for a person who occasions boisterous merriment.
RIP
Rip is slang for a mean, worthless thing or person, such as a scamp, a debauchee, a prostitute, or a worn−out horse.
Rip is American slang for a fine imposed on a policeman for for an infraction of regulations. Rip is slang for steal.
Rip is Australian slang for to annoy intensely.
RIP AND TEAR
Rip and tear is London Cockney rhyming slang for swear.
RIP OFF
Rip off is slang for to steal from or cheat someone. Rip off is slang for an article or articles stolen.
Rip off is slang for a grossly overpriced article.
RIP THE PISS
Rip the piss is Glaswegian slang for to tease, to laugh at someone.
RIP VAN WINKLE
Rip Van Winkle is London Cockney rhyming slang for urination (tinkle).
RIP−OFF
Rip−off is British slang for a fraud, overpriced goods.
RIP−OFF ARTIST
Rip−Off artist is slang for a fraudster, a thief.
RIP−RAP
Rip−Rap is London Cockney rhyming slang for to borrow (tap).
RIPE
Ripe is slang for fine, excellent.
Ripe is slang for complete; thorough.
Ripe is slang for excessive; exorbitant.
Ripe is slang for slightly indecent; risque.
Ripe is British slang for smelly, pungent.
RIPPED
Ripped is slang for under the influence of marijuana. Ripped is American slang for killed.
RIPPER
Ripper is slang for huge, extreme, startling, etc.
Ripper is Australian slang for something of particular excellence, especially an attractive woman.
RIPPING
Ripping is British slang for excellent; splendid.
RIPPY
Rippy is British slang for excellent, thrilling.
RIPSNORTER
Ripsnorter is slang for a person or thing noted for intensity or excellence.
RIPSTITCH
Ripstitch is British slang for an unruly, wild, reckless person.
RISE
Rise is slang for an erection of the penis.
RISE AND SHINE
Rise and shine is London Cockney rhyming slang for wine.
RISING DAMP
Rising damp is London Cockney rhyming slang for cramp.
RIT
Rit is slang for the drug Ritalin.
RITZY
Ritzy is slang for luxurious or elegant.
RIVER LEA
River Lea is London Cockney rhyming slang for tea.
RIVER NILE
River Nile is London Cockney rhyming slang for smile.
RIVER OUSE
River Ouse is London Cockney rhyming slang for booze.
RIVER TYNE
River Tyne is London Cockney rhyming slang for wine.
RIVERINA
Riverina is London Cockney rhyming slang for five pence (deana). Riverina was London Cockney rhyming slang for a shilling (deana).
RIVETS
Rivets is slang for coins (money).
RIZZER
Rizzer is British slang for candidate with risible chances.
RMPTITUM
Rumptitum is British slang for the backside.
ROACH
Roach is slang for the butt of a cannabis cigarette. Roach is American slang for policeman.
Roach is American slang for despicable person, especially an immoral or unattractive woman.
ROACH AND DACE
Roach and Dace is London Cockney rhyming slang for face.
ROACHA
Roacha is slang for cannabis.
ROAD APPLES
Road apples is American slang for horse droppings.
ROAD BREW
Road brew is American slang for beer.
ROAD KID
Road kid is slang for a young tramp.
ROAD PIZZA
Road pizza is British and American slang for an animal run over and flattened.
ROAD SAUCE
Road sauce is American slang for beer.
ROAD'S UP
Road's up is British slang for when a woman is menstruating.
ROADIE
Roadie is slang for a rock group's assistant. Roadie is American slang for beer.
ROADSTER
Roadster is British slang for a hunter who keeps to the roads instead of following the hounds across country.
ROAR UP
Roar up is Australian slang for abuse or reprimand.
ROARER
Roarer is British slang for a flagrant male homosexual. Roarer is American slang for an extremely good thing.
ROARING
Roaring is British slang for very drunk, intoxicated.
ROARY
Roary is British slang for a domestic fire.
ROAST
Roast is British soccer slang for to pass another player, avoiding a tackle, with ease.
ROAST BEEF
Roast beef is London Cockney rhyming slang for teeth.
ROAST JOINT
Roast joint is London Cockney rhyming slang for pint.
ROAST PORK
Roast pork is London Cockney rhyming slang for fork. Roast pork is London Cockney rhyming slang for talk.
ROAST POTATO
Roast potato is London Cockney rhyming slang for waiter.
ROASTED DUCK
Roasted duck was 's London Cockney rhyming slang for sexual intercourse (fuck).
ROB
Rob is slang for steal.
ROB ROY
Rob Roy was late th century London Cockney rhyming slang for a boy.
ROBE
Robe is Australian slang for a wardrobe.
ROBERT E LEE
Robert E Lee is London Cockney rhyming slang for a key. Robert E Lee is London Cockney rhyming slang for knee.
Robert E Lee is London Cockney rhyming slang for urination (pee). Robert E Lee was London Cockney rhyming slang for a quay.
ROBERTA FLACK
Roberta Flack is London Cockney rhyming slang for a bed (sack). Robert Flack is London Cockney rhyming slang for dismissal (sack).
ROBERTSON HARE
Robertson Hare was London Cockney rhyming slang for a pear.
ROBIN COOKS
Robin Cooks is London Cockney rhyming slang for attractive (looks).
ROBIN HOOD
Robin Hood is London Cockney rhyming slang for good, well−behaved. Robin Hood is London Cockney rhyming slang for wood.
Robin Hood was London Cockney rhyming slang for a Woodbine cigarette (wood).
ROBIN HOODS
Robin Hoods is London Cockney rhyming slang for goods. Robin Hoods is London Cockney rhyming slang for woods.
Robin Hoods was London Cockney rhyming slang for Woodbine cigarettes (woods).
ROBIN REDBREAST
Robin redbreast was old slang for a Bow Street runner (an early London policeman).
ROBINSON AND CLEAVER
Robinson and Cleaver was th century London Cockney rhyming slang for a fever.
ROBINSON CRUSOE
Robinson Crusoe is London Cockney rhyming slang for do so.
ROBITAL
Robital is slang for valium.
ROBY DOUGLAS
Roby Douglas is British slang for the anus.
ROCHAS DOS
Rochas Dos is slang for valium.
ROCHE
Roche is slang for valium.
ROCK
Rock is slang for a jewel, especially a diamond. Rock is American slang for a coin, usually a dollar.
Rock is slang for a small piece of crack or crystallized cocaine. Rock is American slang for throw stones at.
ROCK 'N' ROLL
Rock 'n' roll is British slang for Moroccan hashish.
Rock 'n' roll is British slang for unemployment benefit (dole).
Rock 'n' roll is London Cockney rhyming slang for hole.
ROCK AND BOULDER
Rock and boulder is London Cockney rhyming slang for shoulder.
ROCK CANDY
Rock candy is Black−American slang for diamonds
ROCK CHOPPER
Rock chopper is Australian slang for a Roman Catholic.
ROCK HOUSE
Rock house is American slang for a premises where crack cocaine is processed or sold.
ROCK JOCK
Rock jock is slang for a mountain climber.
ROCK OF AGES
Rock of Ages is Cockney rhyming slang for wages.
ROCK PILE
Rock Pile is American slang for prison.
ROCK SCORPION
Rock scorpion is military slang for a civilian resident of Gibraltar.
ROCK−HEAD
Rock−head is American slang for a stupid person.
ROCK−HOG
Rock−hog is slang for a labourer engaged in tunneling through rock.
ROCKER
Rocker is British slang for a member of a youth cult of the early s characterised by the wearing of a leather jacket, enthusiasm for motorcycles and s rock and roll music.
ROCKET
Rocket is British slang for a reprimand. Rocket is British slang for the penis.
ROCKET FUEL
Rocket fuel is slang for strong drink, particularly mixed spirits. Rocket Fuel is slang for phencyclidine.
ROCKET ROOM
Rocket room is medical slang for a nursing unit room where a high number of deaths occur.
ROCKET SOCKET
Rocket socket is British slang for the vagina.
ROCKET−ON
Rocket−on is slang for an erect penis.
ROCKETS
Rockets is slang for breasts.
ROCKFIST
Rockfist is British slang for a miser.
ROCKFORD FILES
Rockford File is London Cockney rhyming slang for haemorrhoids (piles).
ROCKING HORSE
Rocking horse is London Cockney rhyming slang for sauce.
ROCKING HORSE MANURE
Rocking horse manure is British slang for something very rare, non−existant.
ROCKING HORSE SHIT
Rocking horse shit is British slang for something very rare, non−existant.
ROCKS
Rocks is slang for the testicles. Rocks is American slang for money. Rocks is American slang for ice cubes.
ROCKWASH
Rockwash is British slang for crack cocaine.
ROCKY
Rocky is british slang for Moroccan hashish.
Rocky is nautical slang for a member of the Royal Naval Reserve.
ROD
Rod is slang for the penis.
Rod is American slang for a pistol.
ROD LAVER
Rod Laver is London Cockney rhyming slang for a bet made to safeguard another (saver).
ROD UP
Rod up is American slang for arm oneself with a gun or guns.
ROD−WALLOPER
Rod−walloper is slang for a male masturbator.
RODDED UP
Rodded up is American slang for armed with a gun or guns.
RODDER
Rodder is American slang for a person who converts cars into hot rods.
RODMAN
Rodman is slang for a gunman.
RODNEY
Rodney is British slang for an upper−class male idiot.
RODS
Rods is British slang for the store Harrods.
ROE
Roe is British slang for semen.
ROGAN JOSH
Rogan josh is London Cockney rhyming slang for money (dosh).
ROGER
Roger is British slang for sexual intercourse.
Roger was th century slang for a begging vagrant pretending to be a poor Oxford or Cambridge
scholar.
Roger is old slang for a goose.
Roger is old slang for a man.
Roger is a slang acknowledgement of assent or agreement.
ROGER HUNT
Roger Hunt is London Cockney rhyming slang for cunt.
ROGER MOORE
Roger Moore is London Cockney rhyming slang for snore.
ROGERING IRON
Rogering iron is British slang for the penis.
ROGUE AND VILLAIN
Rogue and villain was Cockney rhyming slang for shilling.
ROLAND RAT
Roland Rat is London Cockney rhyming slang for an idot (prat).
ROLAND YOUNG
Roland Young is London Cockney rhyming slang for the tongue.
ROLL
Roll is slang for to have sex.
Roll is slang for rob, especially applied where the victim is asleep or drunk or drugged. Roll is
Black−American slang for a wad of paper money;
ROLL A DRUM
Roll a drum is British slang for a police search.
ROLL ME IN THE DIRT
Roll me in the dirt was th century London Cockney rhyming slang for a shirt.
ROLL ME IN THE GUTTER
Roll me in the gutter was Great War London Cockney rhyming slang for butter.
ROLL−UP
Roll−up is slang for to make a cigarette by hand; a hand−made cigarette. Roll−up is Australian slang for an assembly or meeting.
ROLLER
Roller is slang for a thief who robs people who are asleep, drunk or drugged. Roller is slang for tenacious nasal debris.
Roller is British slang for a Rolls−Royce car. Roller is American slang for a policeman.
ROLLICK
Rollick is slang for to chastise.
ROLLICKING
Rollicking is slang for a reprimand, a telling off.
ROLLING
Rolling is slang for very wealthy.
Rolling is slang for swaying or staggering.
Rolling is British slang for wealthy.
Rolling is British slang for very drunk, intoxicated.
ROLLING BILLOW
Rolling billow is London Cockney rhyming slang for pillow.
ROLLING STONE
Rolling stone is London Cockney rhyming slang for bone.
ROLLMOPS
Rollmops is London Cockney rhyming slang for the police (cops).
ROLLOCK
Rollock is British slang for a reprimand.
ROLLOCKS
Rollocks is slang for the testicles.
ROLLS ROYCE
Rolls Royce is London Cockney rhyming slang for voice.
ROLLY
Rolly is British slang for phlegm which is spat.
ROM−GEM
Rom−gem was old slang for a diamond ring.
ROMAN CANDLE
Roman candle is British slang for a parachute jump in which the parachute fails to open. Roman
Candle is British slang for a Roman Catholic.
Roman Candle is London Cockney rhyming slang for sandal.
ROMAN COLLAR
Roman collar is British slang for an excessive head on a pint of Guiness.
ROMANTIC BALLAD
Romantic ballad is London Cockney rhyming slang for salad.
ROMPUMS
Rompums is slang for marijuana mixed with horse tranquilizers.
RONAN KEATING
Ronan Keating is London Cockney rhyming slang for a meeting.
RONK
Ronk is northern British slang for to stink. Ronk is northern British slang for a foul smell.
RONNIE BARKER
Ronnie Barker is London Cockney rhyming slang for a marker pen.
RONNIE BIGGS
Ronnie Biggs is London Cockney rhyming slang for lodgings (digs). Ronnie Biggs is British slang for abscond.
RONSON
Ronson was 's British slang for a pimp.
Ronson was British Second World War slang for the early model Sherman tank.
RONSON LIGHTER
Ronson lighter is British slang for the anus (shiter).
ROO
Roo is slang for kangaroo.
ROOF
Roof is slang for a hat.
Roof is British slang for the head.
ROOFERS
Roofers is slang for valium.
ROOFIES
Roofies is slang for valium.
ROOFS
Roofs is slang for valium.
ROOINEK
Rooinek is South African slang for a British or English speaking South African.
ROOK
Rook is slang for a swindler or cheat, especially one who cheats at cards. Rook is slang for to overcharge, swindle, or cheat.
Rook is slang for a crowbar.
ROOKERY
Rookery is slang for a row or disturbance.
ROOKERY NOOK
Rookery nook is London Cockney rhyming slang for a book.
ROOKIE
Rookie (rooky) is slang for a new recruit or novice in a profession.
ROOSTER
Rooster is slang for a male homosexual, particularly a predatory prison inmate homosexual. Rooster is
British slang for a man.
Rooster is American slang for an informer.
Rooster is American slang for a conceited or lascivious person.
ROOT
Root is slang for cannabis. Root is slang for the penis.
Root is slang for a forecful kick.
Root is Australian and New Zealand slang for sexual intercourse.
Root is Australian slang for a female sexual partner.
ROOT FOR
Root for is British slang for to support, to cheer for, to encourage.
ROOT−FACED
Root−faced is Asutralian slang for looking morose.
ROOTED
Rooted is Australian slang for tired , defeated, broken, destroyed.
ROOTIN' TOOTIN'
Rootin' tootin' is American slang for lively, noisy, boisterous, rip−roaring.
ROOTS
Roots is Jamaican slang for authentic, culturally and ethnically sound.
ROOTY
Rooty is military slang for bread.
ROOTY−TOOT
Rooty−toot is slang for something noisy and lively, especially an early form of jazz.
ROPE
Rope is slang for valium. Rope is slang for marijuana. Rope is slang for tobacco.
Rope is slang for deliberately losing a race by holding back. Rope is British slang for a large penis.
Rope is American slang for to entice; to inveigle; to decoy. Rope is American slang for a cigar.
ROPE−A−DOPE
Rope−a−dope is boxing slang for a tactic whereby a boxer rests against the ropes shielding himself with his arms and goading his opponent to throw tiring and ineffective punches at him.
ROPE−YARN
Rope−yarn is nautical slang for a day or half−day designated a holiday.
ROPEABLE
Ropeable is Australian and New Zealand slang for a horse that is wild and intractable. Ropeable is
Australian and New Zealand slang for angry.
ROPER
Roper is old slang for someone fit to be hanged.
ROPEY
Ropey is slang for suspicious or of poor quality.
ROPHIES
Rophies is slang for valium.
ROPHYNOL
Rophynol is slang for valium.
ROPLES
Roples is slang for valium.
RORT
Rort is Australian slang for a swindle or small time confidence−trick. Rort is Australian slang for a wild party.
Rort is slang for shout or complain loudly.
RORTER
Rorter is Australian slang for a swindler, a confidence trickster, a cheat.
RORTY
Rorty is slang for boisterous, rowdy, lively. Rorty is slang for coarse, earthy.
RORY
Rory is British slang for the floor. Rory is British slang for a door. Rory is British slang for very poor.
RORY O'MORE
Rory O'More is London Cockney rhyming slang for floor. Rory O'More is London Cockney rhyming slang for door. Rory O'More is London Cockney rhyming slang for poor. Rory O'More is London Cockney rhyming slang for whorer.
ROSCOE
Roscoe is American slang for a pistol or revolver.
ROSE
Rose is British slang for a virginal vagina.
ROSEANNE BARR
Roseanne Barr is London Cockney rhyming slang for bra.
ROSEBUD
Rosebud is London Cockney rhyming slang for potato (spud).
Rosebud is London Cockney rhyming slang for a hole in the heel of a sock (spud).
ROSES RED
Roses red is London Cockney rhyming slang for bed.
ROSEY
Rosey is slang for tea.
ROSIE
Rosie is British slang for tea.
ROSIE LEE
Rosie Lee is London Cockney rhyming slang for tea.
ROSIE LOADER
Rosie Loader is London Cockney rhyming slang for soda.
ROSIE O'GRADY
Rosie O'Grady is London Cockney rhyming slang for a lady.
ROSIN
Rosin is slang for an alcoholic drink.
ROSIN−BACK
Rosin−back is slang for a horse used by a bareback rider or acrobat.
ROSINER
Rosiner is Australian slang for a strong alcoholic drink.
ROSY
Rosy (shortened from Rosy Lee) is London Cockney rhyming slang for tea. Rosy is slang fro drunk; tipsy.
ROT
Rot is slang for nonsense. Rot is Dorset slang for a rat.
Rot was Victorian slang for ridicule.
ROT−GUT
Rotgut is slang for a bad spirituous liquor, especially when adulterated so as to be very deleterious.
ROTPOT
Rotpot is British slang for a rascal.
ROTTEN
Rotten is slang for extremely.
Rotten is British and Australian slang for intoxicated; drunk.
ROTTEN ROW
Rotten row is London Cockney rhyming slang for bow. Rotten row is London Cockney rhyming slang for blow.
ROTTER
Rotter is British slang for a worthless, unpleasant, or despicable person
ROTTLETRAPS
Rottletraps is Dorset slang for household goods.
ROTWELSCH
Rotwelsch is a form of slang spoken by criminals in Germany and Austria.
ROUF
Rouf is criminal slang for four.
Rous is betting slang for odds of /.
ROUGH AS BAGS
Rough as bags is Australian and New Zealand slang for coarse, uncouth.
ROUGH AS GUTS
Rough as guts is Australian and New Zealand slang for coarse, uncouth.
ROUGH AS SACKS
Rough as sacks is Australian and New Zealand slang for coarse, uncouth.
ROUGH HOUSE
Rough House is slang for rough, disorderly, or noisy behaviour.
ROUGH MUSIC
Rough music was old slang for a noisy uproar intended to display public outrage or discontent at the behaviour of other people.
ROUGH SCUFF
Rough scuff is American slang for a rough or disreputable person.
ROUGH SPIN
Rough spin is Australian slang for bad luck.
ROUGH TRADE
Rough Trade is British slang for a prostitute's violent or sadistic customer.
Rough trade is homosexual slang for a tough or violent sexual partner, especially a lorry driver,
construction worker, or docker, casually picked up.
ROUGH−AND−TUMBLE
Rough−and−tumble was originaly boxing slang for a haphazard or random instance of fighting.
ROUGH−IT
Rough−it is slang for to live without all the usual pleasures and amenities.
ROUGH−UP
Rough−up is slang for an informal trial or contest. Rough−up is slang for a fight or brawl.
ROUGHIE
Roughie is Australian slang for something unfair, especially a trick. Roughie is Australian hores racing slang for an outsider that wins.
ROUGHNECK
Roughneck is slang for a rough or violent person; thug. Roughneck is slang for a worker in an oil−drilling operation.
ROUND HEELS
Round heels is American slang for sexually promiscuous.
ROUND OF APPLAUSE
Round of applause is British slang for venereal disease.
ROUND ON
Round on is slang for inform on.
ROUND THE BEND
Round the bend is British slang for insane, crazy, eccentric.
ROUND THE HOUSES
Round the houses is slang for all over the body.
Round the houses is British slang for a long and futile mission.
Round the houses is London Cockney rhyming slang for trousers.
ROUND THE TWIST
Round the twist is British slang for insane, crazy, eccentric.
ROUND THE WORLD
Round the world is British prostitute slang for oral stimulation of the whole body.
ROUND TRIP MEAL TICKET
Round trip meal ticket is American slang for to vomit
ROUNDER
Rounder is American slang for an habitual criminal or drunkard. Rounder is American slang for a transient railway worker.
ROUNDEYE
Roundeye is slang for a white person.
Roundeye is British and American slang for the anus.
ROUNDHEAD
Roundhead is British slang for a circumcised male.
Roundhead is derogatory American slang for an immigrant from northern Europe, particularly a
Swede.
Roundhouse is boxing slang for a swinging punch or style of punching.
ROUST
Roust is American slang for harassement or beating up, particulary by the police during a police raid.
ROW
Row is slang for attack or assail.
ROW IN
Row in is slang for conspire with.
ROW OUT
Row out is British slang for exclude someone.
ROW−SHAY
Row−shay is slang for valium.
ROWDY−DOW
Rowdy−dow is slang for boisterous noise or uproar.
ROWDY−DOWDY
Rowdy−dowdy is slang for characterised by boisterous noise.
ROWTON HOUSES
Rowton houses is London Cockney rhyming slang for trousers.
ROY
Roy is Australian slang for a trendy Australian male.
ROY CASTLE
Roy Castle is London Cockney rhyming slang for arsehole.
ROY HUDD
Roy Hudd is London Cockney rhyming slang for potato (spud). Roy Hudd is London Cockney rhyming slang for blood.
ROY ROGERS
Roy Rogers is London Cockney rhyming slang for inderior tradesmen (bodgers).
ROYAL
Royal is slang for a member of a royal family.
Royal is Jamaican slang for a non−West Indian black person.
Royal is west Indian slang for a mixed Black−Chinese person.
Royal is Black−American slang for a West Indian.
Royal is Trinidadian slang for the buttocks.
Royal is American slang for very.
ROYAL ALBERTS
Royal Alberts is Australian slang for strips of cloth used as sock replacements. Royal Alberts is
Australian slang for rough lace−up boots.
ROYAL BLUES
Royal Blues is slang for LSD.
ROYAL BOB
Royal Bob is slang for gin.
ROYAL BOOZER
Royal boozer is slang for a heavy drinker.
ROYAL DOCKS
Royal docks is London Cockney rhyming slang for venereal disease (pox).
ROYAL FUCKING
Royal fucking is American slang for harsh, or very bad treatment.
ROYAL MAIL
Royal mail is London Cockney rhyming slang for bail.
ROYAL NAVY
Royal navy is London Cockney rhyming slang for gravy.
ROYAL POVERTY
Royal poverty is slang for gin.
ROYAL REPOSE
Royal repose is slang for the Queen's Bench prison.
ROYAL SALUTE
Royal salute is bingo slang for the number .
ROYALIE
Royalie is Australian slang for an effeminate young man, a male homosexual.
ROZZER
Rozzer is slang for a policeman/woman.
RUB
Rub is slang for to masturbate. Rub is nautical slang for a loan.
RUB DOWN
Rub down is British criminal slang for a police search.
RUB OFF
Rub off is slang for female masturbation.
RUB OUT
Rub out is slang for to murder. Ruck
Ruck is prison slang for a fight.
RUB UP
Rub up is slang for masturbate.
RUB−A−DUB−DUB
Rub−a−Dub−Dub is London Cockney rhyming slang for pub. Rub−a−Dub−Dub is London Cockney rhyming slang for club.
Rub−a−Dub−Dub is London Cockney rhyming slang for a loan or advance of money (sub).
RUB−OFF
Rub−off is slang for masturbate.
RUBBEDY
Rubbedy is Australian slang for a pub.
RUBBER
Rubber is slang for a condom. Rubber is slang for a car tyre.
RUBBER AROUND
Rubber around is American slang for turn the head to look at something.
RUBBER BOOT
Rubber boot is British slang for a condom.
RUBBER CHEQUE
Rubber cheque is slang for a cheque that bounces.
RUBBER DUCK
Rubber duck is British slang for fuck.
RUBBER GLOVE
Rubber glove is British slang for love.
RUBBER JOHNNY
Rubber Johnny is British slang for a condom.
RUBBER−CHICKEN CIRCUIT
Rubber−chicken circuit is American slang for an after−dinner speaking circuit.
RUBBER−HEEL
Rubber−heel is slang for someone who investigates members of his own organisation.
RUBBERNECK
Rubberneck is slang for to stare inquisitively.
RUBBISH
Rubbish is slang for to deride, condemn,
Rubbish is Australian and New Zealand slang for disparage; criticise severely.
RUBBISHING
Rubbishing is slang for a through denigration.
RUBBITY
Rubbity is Australian slang for a pub.
RUBBLEHEAD
Rubblehead is American slang for an idiot.
RUBBY
Rubby is Canadian slang for rubbing alcohol, especially when mixed with cheap wine for drinking.
RUBE
Rube is derogatory American and Canadian slang for an unsophisticated countryman.
RUBIES
Rubies is Black−American slang for ones lips
RUBIK'S CUBES
Rubik's cubes is London Cockney rhyming slang for pubic hair (pubes).
RUBY
Ruby is slang for blood.
Ruby is British slang for curry.
RUBY MURRAY
Ruby Murray is British rhyming slang for curry.
RUBY RED
Ruby red is London Cockney rhyming slang for head.
RUBY ROSE
Ruby rose is London Cockney rhyming slang for nose.
RUBY−DAZZLER
Ruby−dazzler is Australian and New Zealand slang for something of exceptional quality.
RUCK
Ruck is slang for inform; give information about a crime or criminal. Ruck is slang for rebuke, reprimand.
Ruck is British slang for a brawl.
RUCK AND ROW
Ruck and row is London Cockney rhyming slang for an unpleasant woman (cow).
RUCK ON
Ruck on is slang for reject or disown a person.
RUCKING
Rucking is British slang for a brawl.
RUCTIONS
Ructions is British slang for serious consequences. Ructions is Dorset slang for trouble, rioting.
RUDDOCK
Ruddock is slang for gold, a gold coin or money.
RUDDY
Ruddy is a British slang expression of annoyance, a euphemism for bloody.
RUDDY−HELL
Ruddy−hell is slang for an expression of surprise or frustration.
RUDE BITS
Rude bits is British slang for breasts and genitals.
RUDE BOY
Rude boy is Jamaican slang for a male gang member, a street−wise young man.
RUDIE
Rudie is slang for sex.
Rudie is Jamaican slang for a rude boy.
RUDOLPH
Rudolph is British slang for a red nose.
RUDOLPH HESS
Rudolph Hess is London Cockney rhyming slang for a mess.
RUFF
Ruff is Black−American slang for a quarter.
RUFFIES
Ruffies is slang for valium.
RUFFLE
Ruffle is slang for valium.
RUFFLES
Ruffles is slang for handcuffs.
RUG
Rug is slang for a wig.
Rug is gambling slang for safe, secure.
RUG RAT
Rug rat is slang for a child.
RUGCUTTER
Rugcutter is Black−American slang for one who dances a lot.
RUGGER BALL
Rugger ball is British slang for nothing.
RUGGER BUGGER
Rugger bugger is British slang for a sportsman.
RUIN
Ruin is slang for gin, especially poor quality gin.
RUIN AND SPOIL
Ruin and spoil is London Cockney rhyming slang for oil.
RUINED
Ruined is British slang for intoxicated, drunk.
RUM
Rum is old slang for good, fine, excellent.
Rum is British slang for strange, odd, peculiar.
Rum was th century slang for a poor country clergyman in Ireland.
RUM−BUM
Rum−bum is slang for a drunkard.
RUM−HOUND
Rum−hound is American slang for a habitual heavy drinker.
RUM−JAR
Rum−jar was slang for a particular type of German trench mortar bomb.
RUMBLE
Rumble is slang for put out unceremoniously, handle roughly.
Rumble is slang for understand; recognise or discover a person's wrong doing.
Rumble is slang for a fight.
Rumble is American slang for to be involved in a gang fight.
Rumble is criminal slang for an interruption in the course of a crime; an alarm; a tip−off.
RUMDUM
Rumdum is American slang for stupefied through drink; unconcious; stupid. Rumdum is American slang for a habitual drunk; a stupid person.
RUMMISH
Rummish is slang for odd or strange.
RUMMY
Rummy is slang for strange, odd, peculiar.
Rummy is American slang for a habitual heavy drinker.
Rummy is American slang for a stupid or gullible person.
RUMP
Rump is British slang for to copulate.
RUMPO
Rumpo is British slang for sexual intercourse.
RUMPOT
Rumpot is American slang for a habitual heavy drinker.
RUMPY−PUMPY
Rumpy−pumpy is slang for a sexual liason.
RUN
Run is slang for an initial euphoric sensation following taking a narcotic. Run is military slang for bring a charge against.
RUN INTO THE GROUND
To run into the ground is American slang for to carry to an absurd extreme or to overdo.
RUN OF THE GREEN
Run of the green is British slang for to drive along a road and have every traffic light green.
RUN OF THE MILL
Run of the mill is slang for ordinary.
RUN OFF AT THE MOUTH
Run off at the mouth is American slang for to talk excessively.
RUN SOME OFF
Run some off is British slang for to urinate.
RUN, TRIP AND FALL
Run, trip and fall is slang for valium.
RUN−DOWN
Run−down is American horse−racing slang for a list of entries and betting odds.
RUN−IN
Run−in is criminal slang for a place to store stolen goods.
RUN−OFF
Run−off is slang for urination.
RUN−OUT
Run−out is slang for escape.
Run−out is slang for a mock auction.
RUNAROUND
Runaround is slang for an evasion, obstruction or confusing response.
RUNNER
Runner is slang for a detective.
Runner is slang for a freelance antique dealer.
Runner is British slang for an escape.
Runner is nautical slang for a sailor employed for a single short voyage.
Runnis is American slang for the leader of a street gang.
RUNNER AND RIDER
Runner and rider is London Cockney rhyming slang for cider.
RUNNING DOG
Running dog is slang for a servile political follower.
RUNS
Runs is slang for to have diarrhoea.
RUNT
Runt is slang for a despicable person.
RUPERT
Rupert is British slang for an upper−class male.
RUPERT BEARS
Rupert bears is London Cockney rhyming slang for shares.
RUPTURED DUCK
Ruptured duck is American military slang for a damaged aircraft.
Ruptured duck is American military slang for the discharge badge given to ex−servicemen.
RUSH
Rush is slang for a surge of pleasurable feelings from taking drugs. Rush is slang for to cheat, especially by grossly overcharging.
RUSSEL CROWE
Russel Crowe is London Cockney rhyming slang for money (dough).
RUSSEL HARTY
Russel Harty is London Cockney rhyming slang for a party.
RUSSIAN DUCK
Russian duck is London Cockney rhyming slang for fuck.
Russian duck was th century London Cockney rhyming slang for dirt, grime (muck).
RUSSIAN−TURK
Russian−Turk was th century British slang for work.
RUSSIANS ARE COMING
Russians are coming is British slang for premenstrual tension.
RUSSKIE
Russkie is slang for a Russian.
RUSSKY
Russky is slang for Russian.
RUST
Rust is British slang for bronze coinage.
RUST−BUCKET
Rust−bucket is slang for a dilapidated rusty old car.
RUSTLE
Rustle is slang for to stir about energetically; to strive to succeed; to bustle about.
RUSTY DUSTY
Rusty dusty is Black−American slang for the buttocks
RUUD GULLIT
Ruud Gullit is London Cockney rhyming slang for dismissal (bullet).
RUX
Rux is nautical slang for a disturbance or uproar.
RYAN GIGGS
Ryan Giggs is London Cockney rhyming slang for lodgings (digs).
RYAN'S DAUGHTER
Ryan's daughter is London Cockney rhyming slang for water.
RYEBUCK
| i don't know |
Late American actor Bernard Schwarz was better known by what name? | Tony Curtis - IMDb
IMDb
17 January 2017 4:34 PM, UTC
NEWS
Actor | Soundtrack | Producer
Tony Curtis was born Bernard Schwartz, the eldest of three children of Helen (Klein) and Emanuel Schwartz, Jewish immigrants from Hungary. Curtis himself admits that while he had almost no formal education, he was a student of the "school of hard knocks" and learned from a young age that the only person who ever had his back was himself, so he ... See full bio »
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Nominated for 1 Oscar. Another 18 wins & 18 nominations. See more awards »
Known For
Some Like It Hot Joe / Josephine / Shell Oil Junior
(1959)
The Defiant Ones John 'Joker' Jackson
(1958)
The Great Race The Great Leslie
(1965)
1990 Thanksgiving Day (TV Movie)
Max Schloss
1983 The Fall Guy (TV Series)
Joe O'Hara
1978 The Users (TV Movie)
Randy Brent
1958 Schlitz Playhouse (TV Series)
Charlie
1963 The List of Adrian Messenger (performer: "A Wand'ring Minstrel, I")
1959 Some Like It Hot (performer: "Runnin' Wild" (1922), "Sugar Blues" (1920), "Some Like It Hot" (1958), "Sugar Blues - Runnin' Wild" - uncredited)
1954 So This Is Paris (performer: "WAIT 'TIL PARIS SEES US", "THE TWO OF US", "IT'S REALLY UP TO YOU", "A DAME'S A DAME", "THREE BON VIVANTS")
Hide
1957 Sweet Smell of Success (executive producer - uncredited)
Hide
- La carrera del siglo (2013) ... (in memory of)
2010 Días de cine (TV Series) (in memory of - 1 episode)
1971 Norman Jewison, Film Maker (Documentary) (gratefully acknowledged assistance)
Hide
2010 Tony Curtis erzählt... (Documentary short)
Himself
2007-2010 Entertainment Tonight (TV Series)
Himself
2008-2009 The One Show (TV Series)
Himself - Guest
- Episode #3.76 (2008) ... Himself - Guest
2009 Timewatch (TV Series documentary)
Himself - Interviewee
2008 Vivement dimanche (TV Series)
Himself
2008 The View (TV Series)
Himself - Guest
2008 Il était une fois... (TV Series documentary)
Himself
2008 Shrink Rap (TV Series)
Himself
2008 Le grand journal de Canal+ (TV Series documentary)
Himself
2006 60 Minutes (TV Series)
Himself
2006 48 Hours (TV Series documentary)
Himself
2002-2006 Hollywood Greats (TV Series documentary)
Himself
2006 Jerry Lewis - König der Komödianten (TV Movie documentary)
Himself
2006 War Stories with Oliver North (TV Series documentary)
Himself
2006 The 50 Greatest Comedy Films (TV Movie documentary)
Himself
2004 Hollywood Legenden (TV Movie documentary)
Himself
2003 Playboy's 50th Anniversary Celebration (TV Movie documentary)
Himself
1995-2003 Biography (TV Series documentary)
Himself
2002 Playboy: Inside the Playboy Mansion (TV Movie documentary)
Himself
2001 The 100 Greatest Films (TV Movie documentary)
Himself
2001 Wetten, dass..? (TV Series)
Himself
2000 Playboy: The Party Continues (TV Movie documentary)
Himself
2000 Cinema 3 (TV Series)
Himself
2000 Caiga quien caiga (TV Series)
Himself
1999 The Rat Pack (TV Series documentary)
Himself
1999 Private Screenings (TV Series)
Himself
1999 The Hollywood Fashion Machine (TV Series documentary)
Himself
1998 Hugh Hefner: American Playboy Revisited (TV Movie documentary)
Himself
1997 Elvis Meets Nixon (TV Movie)
Himself (uncredited)
1997 Very Important Pennis (TV Series)
Himself
1996 The Sunday Show (TV Series)
Himself
1996 Intimate Portrait (TV Series documentary)
Josephine / Junior
1995-1996 Nulle part ailleurs (TV Series)
Himself
1995 Vincent à l'heure (TV Series)
Himself
1995 Matin Bonheur (TV Series)
Himself
1994 Cilla's World (TV Movie)
Himself
1994 Clive James (TV Series)
Himself
1992-1993 Hollywood Babylon (TV Series)
Himself - Host
1992 Hollywood Babylon II (Video documentary)
Himself - Narrator
- Episode #1.34 (1989) ... Himself - Guest
1988 Wogan (TV Series)
1983-1988 Hour Magazine (TV Series)
Himself
1985 Drôle de festival (TV Short documentary)
Himself (uncredited)
1984 Hollywood '84 (TV Mini-Series documentary)
Himself
1984 Aspel & Company (TV Series)
Himself - Guest
1983 Circus of the Stars #8 (TV Special documentary)
Himself - Performer
1981 Bitte umblättern (TV Series documentary)
Himself
1965-1978 The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson (TV Series)
Himself - Guest / Himself / Martin Lazar from film BAD NEWS BEARS GO TO JAPAN / ...
1978 Good Morning America (TV Series)
Himself - Guest
1977 Looks Familiar (TV Series)
Himself - Guest
Himself - Presenter: Introducing Brenda Vaccaro to Stage
1973-1975 Today (TV Series)
1972 V.I.P.-Schaukel (TV Series documentary)
Himself
1968-1971 Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In (TV Series)
Himself - Guest Performer / Himself
- Episode #5.5 (1971) ... Himself - Guest Performer
- Episode #3.26 (1970) ... Himself - Guest Performer (uncredited)
1970 Film Night (TV Series)
Himself
1969 Bracken's World (TV Series)
Himself
1967 Good Company (TV Series)
Himself
1962 Here's Hollywood (TV Series)
Himself
1956 The Linkletter Show (TV Series)
Himself
1955 Allen in Movieland (TV Movie)
Himself
1955 What's My Line? (TV Series)
Himself - Mystery Guest #1
1954 Person to Person (TV Series documentary)
Himself
1954 Red Skelton Revue (TV Series)
Himself
1952 Olympic Fund Telethon (TV Special)
Himself
1951 Penthouse Party (TV Series)
Himself
2014 And the Oscar Goes To... (TV Movie documentary)
Himself
2013 The March (TV Movie documentary)
Himself
2013 Talking Pictures (TV Series documentary)
Himself
2012 Too Young to Die (TV Series documentary)
Carlo Cofield
2012 America's Book of Secrets (TV Series documentary)
Himself
2010 Cinemassacre's Monster Madness (TV Series documentary)
Harry Erskine
2010 Cinema 3 (TV Series)
Himself
2009 50 años de (TV Series)
Himself
2006 Billy Wilder Speaks (TV Movie documentary)
Himself
2006 Ciclo Agatha Christie (TV Series documentary)
Himself
2005 Cinema mil (TV Series)
Himself
2005 Cuando España se desnudó (TV Movie documentary)
Joe / Josephine
1998 Classified X (TV Movie documentary)
Himself
1995 Biography (TV Series documentary)
Himself
1995 50 Years of Funny Females (TV Movie documentary)
Himself
1994 100 Years at the Movies (TV Short documentary)
Himself
1991 Memories of 1970-1991 (TV Series documentary)
Himself
1982 Hollywood: The Gift of Laughter (TV Movie documentary)
Actor - 'Some Like It Hot' (uncredited)
1971 Film Night (TV Series)
Himself
1968 Film Review (TV Mini-Series)
Joe
1968 Mia and Roman (Documentary short)
Himself
1966 ABC Stage 67 (TV Series)
Himself
1963 Hollywood: The Great Stars (TV Movie documentary)
Himself (uncredited)
Personal Details
Other Works:
Novel (w/ Mark Vieira ): "The Making of "Some Like It Hot": My Memories of Marilyn Monroe and the Classic American Movie". Hbvoken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN-10: 0470537213; ISBN-13: 978-0470537213 See more »
Publicity Listings:
4 Print Biographies | 1 Portrayal | 7 Interviews | 17 Articles | 10 Pictorials | 6 Magazine Cover Photos | See more »
Official Sites:
Did You Know?
Personal Quote:
[on Some Like It Hot (1959)] It's one of the most outstanding movies I've made. It was a very complicated role. I played a straight man, I played a comic, I played a woman, I played a saxophone player, I played a millionaire, I played a little bit of Cary Grant as well. When the picture was over, Billy Wilder ran the picture for Cary, and said, 'Well, how did you like Tony's impression?' and Cary... See more »
Trivia:
Lives in Henderson, Nevada. See more »
Trademark:
Distinctive Bronx accent See more »
Nickname:
| Tony Curtis |
Which laundry product was advertised with the slogan ‘Trust pink, forget stains’? | Tony Curtis - Biography - IMDb
Tony Curtis
Biography
Showing all 143 items
Jump to: Overview (5) | Mini Bio (1) | Spouse (6) | Trade Mark (4) | Trivia (47) | Personal Quotes (61) | Salary (19)
Overview (5)
5' 9" (1.75 m)
Mini Bio (1)
Tony Curtis was born Bernard Schwartz, the eldest of three children of Helen (Klein) and Emanuel Schwartz, Jewish immigrants from Hungary. Curtis himself admits that while he had almost no formal education, he was a student of the "school of hard knocks" and learned from a young age that the only person who ever had his back was himself, so he learned how to take care of both himself and younger brother, Julius. Curtis grew up in poverty, as his father, Emanuel, who worked as a tailor, had the sole responsibility of providing for his entire family on his meager income. This led to constant bickering between Curtis's parents over money, and Curtis began to go to movies as a way of briefly escaping the constant worries of poverty and other family problems. The financial strain of raising two children on a meager income became so tough that in 1935, Curtis's parents decided that their children would have a better life under the care of the state and briefly had Tony and his brother admitted to an orphanage. During this lonely time, the only companion Curtis had was his brother, Julius, and the two became inseparable as they struggled to get used to this new way of life. Weeks later, Curtis's parents came back to reclaim custody of Tony and his brother, but by then Curtis had learned one of life's toughest lessons: the only person you can count on is yourself.
In 1938, shortly before Tony had his Bar Mitzvah, tragedy struck when Tony lost the person most important to him, when his brother, Julius, was hit by a truck and killed. After that tragedy, Curtis's parents became convinced that a formal education was the best way Tony could avoid the same never-knowing-where-your-next-meal-is-coming-from life that they had known. However, Tony rejected this because he felt that learning about literary classics and algebra wasn't going to advance him in life as much as some real hands-on life experience would. He was to find that real-life experience a few years later, when he enlisted in the navy in 1942. Tony spent the next three years getting the life experience he desired by doing everything from working as a crewman on a submarine to honing his future craft as an actor by performing as a sailor in a stage play at the Navy Signalman School in Illinois.
In 1945, Curtis was honorably discharged from the navy, and when he realized that the GI Bill would allow him to go to acting school without paying for it, he now saw that his lifelong pipe dream of being an actor might actually be achievable. Curtis auditioned for the New York Dramatic Workshop, and after being accepted on the strength of his audition piece (A scene from "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde" in pantomime), Curtis enrolled in early 1947. He then began to pay his dues by appearing in a slew of stage productions, including "Twelfth Night" and "Golden Boy". He then connected with a small theatrical agent named Joyce Selznick , who was the niece of film producer David O. Selznick . After seeing his potential, Selznick arranged an interview for Curtis to see David O. Selznick at Universal Studios, where Curtis was offered a seven-year contract. After changing his name to what he saw as an elegant, mysterious moniker--"Tony Curtis" (named after the novel Anthony Adverse (1936) by Hervey Allen and a cousin of his named Janush Kertiz)--Curtis began making a name for himself by appearing in small, offbeat roles in small-budget productions. His first notable performance was a two-minute role in Criss Cross (1949), with Burt Lancaster , in which he makes Lancaster jealous by dancing with Yvonne De Carlo . This offbeat role resulted in Curtis's being typecast as a heavy for the next few years, such as playing a gang member in City Across the River (1949).
Curtis continued to build up a show reel by accepting any paying job, acting in a number of bit-part roles for the next few years. It wasn't until late 1949 that he finally got the chance to demonstrate his acting flair, when he was cast in an important role in an action western, Sierra (1950). On the strength of his performance in that movie, Curtis was finally cast in a big-budget movie, Winchester '73 (1950). While he appears in that movie only very briefly, it was a chance for him to act alongside a Hollywood legend, James Stewart .
As his career developed, Curtis wanted to act in movies that had social relevance, ones that would challenge audiences, so he began to appear in such movies as Spartacus (1960) and The Defiant Ones (1958). He was advised against appearing as the subordinate sidekick in Spartacus (1960), playing second fiddle to the equally famous Kirk Douglas . However, Curtis saw no problem with this because the two had recently acted together in dual leading roles in The Vikings (1958).
- IMDb Mini Biography By: James Briggs.
Spouse (6)
Father of Allegra Curtis and Alexandra Curtis (with Christine Kaufmann ).
His son, Nicholas Curtis , died of seizures due to an overdose of heroin (2 July 1994).
Born to Emanuel Schwartz, a Hungarian tailor who emigrated to the United States, and his wife Helen, he grew up with two brothers, Julius and Robert.
Enjoys painting and creating shadow boxes. In late 2005, the Museum of Modern Art (New York, NY) acquired one of his canvasses for its permanent collection.
Lives in Henderson, Nevada.
Appears on the cover of The Beatles ' "Sgt Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band".
Suffers from fear of flying.
He made a literary cameo in Matt Whyman's debut romantic comedy novel, 'Man or Mouse', in which the main character, Ren, e-mails Curtis with his love-life problems, and finally meets him briefly.
He has two adopted sons.
Was the inspiration for and voiced the character Stoney Curtis on an episode of The Flintstones (1960), along with Ann-Margret as Ann Marg-rock.
Since re-dubbing the bath scene in Spartacus (1960) in which he starred with Laurence Olivier , Curtis has said that whenever he encounters Anthony Hopkins (who did the voiceover for Olivier in the re-dubbed version following Olivier's death), he hollers "Oh Tony... it's Antoninus".
Appeared in Sugar, a stage musical based on Billy Wilder 's Some Like It Hot (1959) . He appeared as millionaire Osgood Fielding III, the character played by Joe E. Brown in the film.
He was a militant anti-smoker, having been a heavy smoker himself for about thirty years. Both Sir Michael Caine and Sir Roger Moore credited Curtis with helping them quit smoking cigarettes in the early 1970s, though not cigars.
Serving with F Troop (1965) actor Larry Storch in the U.S. Navy from 1942 to 1945 aboard a submarine tender, he witnessed the Japanese surrender in Tokyo Bay from a vantage point 300 yards away. He and Storch have had a lifelong friendship. They appeared together in The Great Race (1965). Storch also co-starred as his room mate/asst' in the comedy 40 Pounds of Trouble (1962).
Along with Ernest Borgnine , Curtis refused to watch, and publicly condemned, Brokeback Mountain (2005).
Nearly died in hospital from pneumonia at Christmas 2006.
Was originally considered for one of the leading roles of Lady L (1965).
Has appeared in tourism advertisements for his ancestral homeland Hungary.
His favorite movie star was Cary Grant .
Elvis Presley copied his duck-tail hairstyle after seeing it on screen.
His brother Julius died after being hit by a truck (1938).
He enjoys playing the flute for pleasure and relaxation. He is a very accomplished player.
Now in his 80s, he spends most of his time painting. Some of his works are a part of a permanent collection at the Museum of Modern Art in New York.
Claims that his mother was physically abusive and that his father was impassive.
Recovered from a cocaine addiction in the 1980s.
His sixth wife, Jill Vandenberg Curtis (since 1998), who is 46 years younger than he, runs a wild-horse refuge.
Claims he probably had a sexual addiction. Among his female conquests boasted of in his 2008 memoir was a pre-star Marilyn Monroe who was a very young, pony-tailed redhead during their teenage affair.
Broke a Hollywood taboo in the 1950s by insisting that an African-American actor, Sidney Poitier , have co-starring billing next to him in the movie The Defiant Ones (1958).
Like many before and after, he changed his name from Bernard Schwartz to Tony Curtis , partly in response to Hollywood anti-Semitism.
Admits that he is largely estranged from all six of his children, including actress Jamie Lee Curtis , one of his children by first wife Janet Leigh .
According to his autobiography, he really desired the lead male role of Paul Varjack in the film Breakfast at Tiffany's (1961). Director Blake Edwards considered the idea, but the role eventually went to George Peppard .
Suffered from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in his last years.
Following his death, he was buried with some of his favorite possessions - a Stetson hat, an Armani scarf, driving gloves, an iPhone and a copy of his favorite novel, "Anthony Adverse," a book that inspired his celebrity name.
He disinherited all of his children from his will and left the bulk of his estate to his wife Jill Vandenberg Curtis .
Father of two sons, with Leslie Curtis : Nicholas Curtis (desceased) and Benjamin Curtis.
From the top of his submarine in Tokyo Bay, using a pair of binoculars, he was able to witness the Japanese surrender on the deck of the USS Missouri, about a mile away. He considered this experience to be one of the highlights of his life.
Serving with F Troop (1965) actor Larry Storch in the U.S. Navy from 1942 to 1945 aboard a submarine tender, he witnessed the Japanese surrender in Tokyo Bay from a vantage point 300 yards away. He and Storch have had a lifelong friendship. They appeared together in The Great Race (1965). Storch also co-starred as his room mate/asst' in the comedy 'Forty Pounds of Trouble' (1962).
Was a liberal Democrat and attended several of the Democratic National Conventions until his death. He was even a frequent White House guest during the Lyndon Johnson and John F. Kennedy Administrations.
Release of his book, "Tony Curtis: The Autobiography" by Tony and Barry Paris . [1993]
Co-starring as Osgood Fielding III in musical stage version of Some Like It Hot (1959). [June 2002]
Release of his book, "American Prince: A Memoir" by Tony with Peter Golenbock . [October 2008]
George Stevens' "Gunga Din" is his favorite film.
Lifelong friends of: Julie Adams and Piper Laurie .
Met Julie Adams and Piper Laurie , when the three were all under contract with Universal in 1949.
Although he played Ernest Borgnine 's son in The Vikings (1958), he was only eight years his junior in real life.
In his 2008 autobiography "American Prince: A Memoir" Curtis accused many people he worked with of holding anti-Semitic views.
Personal Quotes (61)
They gave me away as a prize once - a Win Tony Curtis For A Weekend competition. The woman who won was disappointed. She'd hoped for second prize - a new stove.
I ran around with a lump in my pants, chased all the girls. This is what I reflected on the screen. There wasn't anything deeper or less deep than that.
What's the secret to a long and happy life? Young women's saliva!
[asked who the most attractive person he ever worked with was] I am.
I wouldn't be seen dead with a woman old enough to be my wife.
I had to be careful where I went because I was a Jew, because I was young and because I was handsome. It made me wiry and erratic and paranoid, which is what I still am. Always on guard.
Hollywood... the most sensational merry-go-around ever built.
Comedy is the most honest way for an actor to earn his living. People would rather laugh than cry. The quickest way to change drama into comedy is simply to speed up the film.
Fame is another profession. I feel that I have two professions, I have the profession of being an actor and I have the profession of being famous.
I was 22 when I arrived in Hollywood in 1948. I had more action than Mount Vesuvius - men, women, animals! I loved it too. I participated where I wanted to and didn't where I didn't. I've always been open about it.
My father was a tailor. I used to deliver for him. I'd have to hold the clothes up high to keep them from dragging on the ground.
[on Marilyn Monroe ] I'm in love with her now. I've loved her all these years.
[on Marilyn Monroe on the set of Some Like It Hot (1959)] I knew there was something disturbing her. For some inexplicable reason, she was going down the wrong path and no one knew it.
[about Spartacus (1960)] Kirk Douglas is tough, but Stanley Kubrick was tougher!
Well, on the one hand you could say I was tremendously blessed, on the other I was definitely cursed.
Look. I'm so privileged to be alive in this studio that happens to be mine. I'm 83 years old and I'm still a factor in this world, I still contribute wherever I go. It's astounding. I could have been a politician or a brain surgeon. But I didn't have an education, so there wasn't anything I could do but get into the movies. And, boy, did I ever. To burst into the movies like I did. Isn't that neat?
Early on, I decided I didn't want to be known as a mere actor. I wanted to feel like a star. I wanted to get my footprints in Hollywood on the sidewalk, which I got. I wanted to be on the cover of all the magazines and go to parties in a limousine with a beautiful girl. I did all of that - and more. And I appreciate it. Every day I'm reminded of who I am. People stop me in the street all the time. Women love to see me - and I love to see them. I have an affinity for women, you know.
[about his many sexual dalliances] It was love. I was falling in love every day. I am completely in love with women. Every woman. I loved their company and there was always a chance you could kiss them. I found kissing a very appealing experience. I was just always hoping for that conquest, hoping for that physical affection . . . that ejaculation.
[about his schizophrenic mother's influence on his childhood] Yes, yes, that had a lot to do with it. I got nothing from her. I got slapped around is what I got. But I liked to be with women. I never did it with dogs or elephants or men. Only with women.
[about the starlet system of 1950s Hollywood] These girls of 18 or 20 were fodder. All the guys at the studios, including myself, would feast on them, taking their sweetness. There were a lot of them. I don't remember their names. Then they would go home and get married. Poor darlings. They came and went.
[about first meeting Marilyn Monroe ] She was 19 and didn't look anything like what she became. She had reddish-brown hair and her figure was not distinguished yet. Her bosoms weren't what they were later and her legs were a little scrawny, but she was putting it all together. Don't you see? Once she accepted she was a woman, then, look out, world. There was no guy that was safe. If she liked you, there was no man who could resist.
[on his ambitions] I even married Janet Leigh for my career. I could see the two of us could get more attention together. We had the paparazzi wherever we went, we were on the cover of all the movie magazines. It wasn't enough for a man to be cute, he had to be connected to the right woman.
I was the best-looking kid in town. It's not what you have but what you do with it that counts.
I became great friends with all my co-stars. With Gregory Peck , Burt Lancaster , Jack Lemmon and Cary Grant . . . Cary Grant . . . Cary Grant. He could have picked anyone, but he allowed me the privilege to be in the movie with him. Jesus. To be in a movie with Cary Grant. Meeting him was the best thing that ever happened to me. He was the reason why I wanted to get into the movies - and that is all I ever wanted.
A lot of things that would have meant a lot to me were denied me by Hollywood. I didn't speak properly. I spoke with a thick New York accent. Everyone knew my name was Schwartz - and Jews were not welcome. [I suffered resentment from the Hollywood establishment for marrying a "shiksa goddess" in Janet Leigh .] " Debbie Reynolds was the centre of gravity for a glitzy Caucasian crowd, and I could tell they didn't appreciate me. They didn't pick on you, they just ignored you. I couldn't understand it.
[about Some Like It Hot (1959)] It was perfect. Great dialogue. Crisp acting. Billy Wilder was brilliant, and Jack Lemmon and I always had a great time together; even though we were from different backgrounds - he was Harvard-educated, very intelligent and urbane. We balanced each other out.
It's rather nice not to be waiting for a script to come through the door, and even if it did, I would turn it down.
[about his sixth wife Jillie] She's the only one who didn't want me to change after I married her.
[on finally forgiving his mother long after she died] We could have all turned out like her. She cleaned houses in Hungary from when she was six or seven. She had no opportunities.
[on what he misses] I miss a pale-green Buick convertible with Dynaflow drive. I miss a little beach house in Malibu with the waves lapping on the beach. [This was during his first months in Hollywood, when he would bring then-unknown Marilyn Monroe back to his beach house]
On living in the present: So far so good, and I'm ready for more. My art will give me more. There'll be more shows, and this book will open things up for me again. There's still so much to discover. So I have to take good care of myself so you don't find me in the gutter.
I realized if I could [have sex with] a girl . . . a woman has accepted me. The main force in me was to be accepted by others. Not education, not money in my pocket, nothing except to be accepted by a girl.
[in 2008] I'm just wondering how many more years I have. I don't have 20. I don't have 15. How many years do I have? I don't know, but I plan to reinvent myself as an 84-year-old, as an 85-year-old man who can do anything and everything.
[on Brokeback Mountain (2005)] This picture is not as important as we make it. It's nothing unique. The only thing unique about it is they put it on the screen. And they make 'em gay cowboys. 'Howard Hughes (I)' and John Wayne wouldn't like it.
[on his troubled relationship with daughter Jamie Lee Curtis ] I have a feeling she wanted to teach me a lesson for abandoning her mother and her. But I couldn't be with Janet Leigh anymore. She was disappearing into her own madnesses.
[on dying] I may have them take my ashes and spread them all over Las Vegas!
[on his relationship with his mother] I got nothing from her. I got slapped around is what I got.
[on his 1951 marriage to first wife Janet Leigh ] I even married Janet for my career. I could see the two of us could get more attention together. We had the paparazzi wherever we went, we were on the cover of all the movie magazines. It wasn't enough for a man to be cute, he had to be connected to the right woman...What better way to get famous?
[on the long-running feud with daughter Jamie Lee Curtis ] What am I going to do? God bless her, I wish her the best. If she can't forgive me, then get another father.
I just wanted to be treated like anybody else. There was a lot of opposition to me during the early years of movies. It had an effect on me. I don't feel like I got the movies I should've gotten. I felt I deserved more than that the industry had given me. I felt I should have been considered more, with a little more respect from the Screen Actors Guild and the Academy. I don't feel like I contributed what I wanted to contribute in the movies.
[on Marilyn Monroe ] You could tell she'd already been battered by life, and I found that she'd been in an orphanage, as I had, and that her mother was also schizophrenic. I loved her. And she loved me, but we both wanted to be in the movies, and that meant everything.
[on Cary Grant ] The greatest movie actor of all time.
[on today's actors, starting with Brad Pitt ] That Pitt fellow - what's his name? He hasn't got it. Now, Robert Downey Jr. - I think he might have something.
One of the big reasons I started using cocaine was that I was told it was great for sex. It didn't make me superhuman in the longevity department, but it certainly did make my sexual experiences more intense.
[on Marlon Brando ] He was an interesting man, different, a genius in the way he thought.
When I made Sweet Smell of Success, The Defiant Ones, I should have continued in that milieu. It was my own stupidity that I didn't. I just went on blithely from one picture to the next, letting other people guide my destiny, instead of taking hold of it myself. But that's not bad either because I find now that there's no period in my life that I regret. Each had a reason and a purpose. The thing is to learn to accept it and not spend your present and your future looking back and thinking, 'Oh shit, I wish I hadn't done that.'
[on his love for the ladies] Listen, we all do. I tell ya, there isn't a guy a met that wouldn't love to jump on a beautiful woman without knowing her name. And if that's what you call womanizing, then call me the King.
They are all dead now; Cary Grant , Jack Lemmon , Frank Sinatra , all my Hollywood friends. Sometimes I feel so lonely. Actors today achieve nothing nor do they have any glamour. They seem more interested in adopting babies than films. All the films are terrible, too, because the scripts are so bad and there are no decent film-makers.
I was resented and hated because I was so good-looking and Jewish. It's true. This is not paranoia. I think that because of the Iraq war, anti-Semitism is on the increase again.
[His advice to George Michael after his 1998 arrest for lewd conduct] Keep smiling.
Don't listen to them, when they say don't drink, or drink very little, don't smoke, don't eat too much, don't eat badly, don't get fat, don't get ugly, and p*ssed off that life is passing you by. There's no such animal, my friend.
Here in America, you have to die before they say something nice about you.
[on Some Like It Hot (1959)] It's one of the most outstanding movies I've made. It was a very complicated role. I played a straight man, I played a comic, I played a woman, I played a saxophone player, I played a millionaire, I played a little bit of Cary Grant as well. When the picture was over, Billy Wilder ran the picture for Cary, and said, 'Well, how did you like Tony's impression?' and Cary said (doing Cary Grant imitation) 'I don't talk like that!'
I enjoy being Tony. I was the only one who ever knocked Burt Lancaster on his *ss in Trapeze (1956), and I took Kirk Douglas ' eye out in The Vikings (1958), and I took two girls away from Jack Lemmon . I also took away Cary Grant 's submarine, so I've got these nice moments in my movies.
I have met every President of the United States from Kennedy on, except Nixon.
Painting is more meaningful to me than any performance I've ever given.
I got a lot of girls while I was at the peak. If I didn't get them, I got their stand-ins.
God is great, he won't hurt us, 'cause he looks like Tony Curtis .
[on working with Laurence Olivier on Spartacus (1960)] Olivier taught me a lot about acting. He said to me, "Tony, clothes maketh the man." He taught me that you choose your clothes and you put them on and you finally become that character. He didn't just put on any costume that was given to him. He chose what was best for the character he was playing and he showed me how that helps to take the character into another dimension. I learned that from him and always used it. So he gave me tips on acting and I gave him tips on body-building. I took him behind the set and said, "On your face." Then I showed him how to do press-ups properly and it helped to get him into good shape.
[on his love scene with Marilyn Monroe on the yacht in Some Like It Hot (1959)] It was like kissing Hitler. She'd gone funny, her mind was all over the place. It was awful. She nearly choked me to death by deliberately sticking her tongue down my throat into my windpipe.
(On Don't Make Waves (1967) The plot was utterly ridiculous, but I agreed to appear in the film because I got a percentage of the gross.
Salary (19)
| i don't know |
The peptide hormone renin is secreted by which organ of the body? | Renin (Angiotensinogenase)
Renin (Angiotensinogenase)
By Dr Ananya Mandal, MD
Renin, also called angiotensinogenase, is an enzyme involved in the renin–angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS), which regulates the body’s water balance and blood pressure level. The system regulates the extracellular volume in the blood plasma, lymph and interstitial fluid, as well as controlling constriction of the arteries and blood vessels.
Renin was first discovered by a physiology researchers Robert Tigerstedt and Per Bergman from the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm. They described and named the enzyme in 1898. The renin precursor protein is made up of 406 amino acids and possesses a pre- and a pro-segment made up of 20 and 46 amino acids, respectively. The mature form of the enzyme contains 340 amino acids and has a mass of 37 kDa.
This peptide hormone is secreted by the kidneys from specialized cells called granular cells found in the juxtaglomerular apparatus. The secretion of renin is stimulated by the following three factors:
When a fall in arterial blood pressure is detected by pressure sensitive receptors (baroreceptors) in the arterial vessels.
When a decrease in sodium chloride (salt) is detected in the kidney by the macula densa in the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
When sympathetic nervous system activity is detected through beta1 adrenergic receptors.
There are two cellular pathways involved in the secretion of renin:
Prorenin is secreted through a constitutive pathway
Renin is secreted through a regulated pathway
| Kidney |
How many states make up Germany? | You & Your Hormones | Hormones | Angiotensin
You & Your Hormones
Email article to a friend | Last updated: December 20, 2016
Angiotensin is a protein hormone that causes blood vessels to become narrower. It helps to maintain blood pressure and fluid balance in the body.
Alternative names for angiotensin
The different forms of angiotensin are denoted by Roman numerals, angiotensin I-IV. The hormones and the way they are activated are often referred to together as the renin-angiotensin system.
What is angiotensin?
The liver creates and releases a protein called angiotensinogen. This is then broken up by renin, an enzyme produced in the kidney , to form angiotensin I. This form of the hormone is not known to have any particular biological function in itself but, is an important precursor for angiotensin II. As it passes in the bloodstream through the lungs and kidneys , it is further metabolised to produce angiotensin II by the action of angiotensin-converting enzyme. Following binding to its receptor, found in most tissues of the body, Angiotensin II has effects on:
blood vessels (vascular), to cause constriction (narrowing) of the blood vessels and hence to increase blood pressure
nerves (neurological), to cause the sensation of thirst, desire for salt and encouraging release of anti-diuretic hormone from the pituitary gland and noradrenaline from sympathetic nerves
adrenal glands , to stimulate aldosterone production, resulting in the body retaining sodium and losing potassium from the kidneys
the kidneys, to increase sodium retention and to alter the way the kidney filters blood. This increases water reabsorption in the kidney to increase blood volume and blood pressure.
The overall effect of angiotensin II is to increase blood pressure, body water and sodium content.
How is angiotensin controlled?
An increase in renin production occurs if there is a decrease in sodium levels and a decrease in blood pressure, which is sensed by the kidneys. In addition, low blood pressure can stimulate the sympathetic nervous system to increase renin production, which results in increased conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I, and so the cylce continues. However, since angiotensin I has to be converted to the more active angiotensin II hormone by the angiotensin-converting enzyme, before it can function, this enables control over angiotensin metabolism . The renin-angiotensin system is also activated by other hormones, including corticosteroids , oestrogen and thyroid hormones. On the other hand, natriuretic peptides (produced in the heart and central nervous system) can impede the renin-angiotensin system in order to increase sodium loss in the urine.
What happens if I have too much angiotensin?
Too much angiotensin II is a common problem resulting in excess fluid being retained by the body and, ultimately, raised blood pressure. This often occurs in heart failure where angiotensin is also thought to contribute to growth in the size of the heart. To combat these adverse effects, drugs such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers are used in the clinic, although these do have side effects and can lead to excessive retention of potassium (hyperkalaemia).
What happens if I have too little angiotensin?
Control of plasma sodium and potassium concentrations, and the regulation of blood volume and pressure, are all hormonal mechanisms which are impaired by low angiotensin levels. Absence of angiotensin can be associated with retention of potassium, loss of sodium, decreased fluid retention (increased urine output) and low blood pressure.
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If someone is born on the 24th May, what is their Zodiac sign? | Birthday Horoscope May 24th Gemini, If your Birthday is May 24
Birthday Horoscope for May 24th
If your Birthday is May 24 and your Zodiac Sign is Gemini
Birthday Persona Profile
People born specifically on the 24th of May are imagined to be intellectual, persuasive and charming and a bit more flexible than most twins. The planet with astrological dominance on this particular day is Venus making you youthful, creative and an excellent communicator. If you have this birthday your high level of sociability gives you strong opinions and a love of sharing ideas. This can make you a little gossipy but with warmhearted intentions. Your quick thinking usually helps you make the most of opportunities and a good head for business. Individuals with a May the twenty fourth birthday are quite independent and although home loving and affectionate you are ordinarily cautious and reserved emotionally. Your incisive philosophical approach is accompanied by a fabulous sense of humor encouraging you to not be too serious. You like variety and interesting conversation and have a dislike of solitude, being in a rut or feeling in any way restricted.
Work and Finances
The working side of life is often of considerable importance to a person born on the twenty fourth of May. You need to feel useful and valued at work and will insist on choosing your own career direction so it is unlikely for you to just stumble into any sort of job. Your original creativity and extensive vocabulary are talents that you enjoy utilizing and may be reflected in your occupation decisions. You are generally adept at managing your finances and seem to prefer spending if it is not your money. Despite not being particularly driven by financial status you try to put something aside for a rainy day.
Personal Relationships
For a Gemini, the person born on the twenty fourth day of May is typically a true romantic who is usually flirty and full of charm. You tend to believe that life is too short and do not waste any time declaring your love when you feel you have found a soul mate. Sociable and attractive your pleasant manner gains you many admirers but in your youth you can be too fond of flirting and playing the field. In spite of this you ideally seek a lifelong lover. Companionship and an intimate link in communication are very important to you and so commonly essential requirements in a personal relationship. You crave a meeting of mind and body involving lots of eye contact and seduction from a partner to feel truly loved. You seem to get a lot of pleasure from both the giving and receiving of compliments but are inclined to be especially prone to the green eyed monster.
Health
Some illnesses experienced by those born on May 24th are due to your sometimes oversensitive nervous system. To keep your stress levels down and maintain healthiness you should try and avoid taking on too many things at once. It will also help if you get enough rest as a lack of deep sleep can soon show up giving you a dull pale complexion. People born on this day appear to adore food but have a natural attraction to sensible good for you foods and rarely overindulge or suffer stomach complaints. Exercise is something that you are not adverse to in order to keep fit but it has to normally include an element of fun.
Strengths and Weaknesses
Your main strengths of character are revealed in your direct keen astuteness and powerful powers of persuasion. These positive traits and your expressive charm and flexibility allow you to go far in life and get along famously with almost everyone. Occasional personality weaknesses for those born on May 24th concern your slight nervousness and insecurities. This negative behavior consists of the tendencies to be sometimes critical, sarcastic and self-centered. These weak areas in your demeanor seem to surface more frequently if you have not had a good night's rest or you are feeling extra stressed.
Dreams and Goals
Being born on the 24th of May means that you are not really ambitious despite your entrepreneurial aptitude. Your independence, disfavor of restrictions and fondness of diversity all direct you to not be an avid goal setter. You prefer to not make too many plans for a lifestyle future apart from your favored employment options. Your deep reflective thought often makes you a believer in fated paths but this does not stop you from pushing for the simplicities in life that you yearn for. When you dream it is usually simply focused on the attainment of happiness rather than the acquisition of materialistic possessions.
Birthday Luck and Significance
As you were born on the twenty fourth day of the month the two and four in your birth date grant you a Root number of Six. This numerical reference to your birthday has the keyword 'Social' pinpointing your conversational amiability and goodwill. The mystical Tarot card associated with your birthday is the 6th in the Major Arcana representing the Lovers. This reflects your kind balanced motives and warm heart and soul. The luckiest gem for May the twenty fourth birthdays is believed to be Turquoise. Wearing this precious stone should increase energy in addition to evoking a sense of calmness and confidence.
Summation
Twin symboled Gemini personalities are assumed to be mainly astrologically influenced by the planet Mercury. The actual day you were born, the twenty fourth of May, is governed by a different celestial body, Venus. Therefore your probable disposition is thought to be predetermined by the influences of both these planets. Your warmth, charisma and lighthearted complimentary mannerisms see you never short of company. Your clever opportunistic adaptability makes you able to take advantage of lucky chances in life. An ending thought for people born on May the 24th is to consider slowing down somewhat and remember to think before you speak.
| Gemini |
Seal point is a dark brown marking on the fur of which animal? | Taurus - Zodiac Signs | Astrology.com.au, Horoscopes Online!
Taurus
The Zodiac Sign Taurus | Apr 21 - May 21
Introduction
If you were to describe the typical Taurus temperament, you would probably use words such as ‘cautious’, ‘practical’ and ‘purposeful’. One word you definitely wouldn’t use is ‘impulsive’.
When you are making important decisions in life, decisions about things that are vital to your security and the welfare of those you love, you spend a long time on them. You want those decisions to be rock solid.
Once your mind is made up, you have amazing persistence and follow through, plus tons of energy. You rarely give up on a task once you’ve decided on it. And, you’ll stick to your guns, even if you’re being provoked, tempted or ridiculed. This will be a blessing at some times and a curse at others.
Sometimes this ability to hang in there can turn into pride and obstinacy. At other times you refuse to accept another opinion or suggestion, even though the advice is reasonable and the person offering it has nothing but good intentions. What if the person is right?
Those who love you and offer you constructive criticism don’t mean to hurt you—they have your best interests at heart—and what they offer can be useful to you. Try to remember that.
If you look inside yourself, you’ll see that sometimes the reason you hold on to your position or opinion so fiercely is that you fear change.
Because you take such pride in your ability to see things through to the end, people who try to meddle with what you have set out to do, or change the rules of the game, are likely to hear from you, loud and clear. You really, really want to finish what you start.
Also, people will not have much success if they try to push something onto you and leave you no room to control your destiny. Then the bull in you really starts to make itself heard and felt.
On the other side of the coin, you also like to take it easy. This goes back to liking to leave things as they are. You may need to keep an eye on this, as complacency and apathy are down the end of that path.
Change is the only constant in life and you may need to remind yourself of this every now and then. Trying to resist all change leads only to stress and dissatisfaction with your life and relationships.
You also have a great love affair with the finer things in life. If you could find a servant to help with all the boring jobs you hate, you could live the luxurious life you dream of!
You are a great mate. When you agree to help someone, you go to any lengths to keep your word. You’ll never let yourself or others down. You are extremely dependable.
You’re also exceptionally sensitive and very patient. You’re prepared to wait as long as it takes for the right moment to act, and you seize the opportunity when it wanders anywhere near you. Patience is one of your greatest virtues and it usually pays off.
Having honourable intentions, plus your patience and perseverance, are what others see as your finest—and most recognisable—character traits.
Your one-track mind about doing a job right, either at work or at home, has a good and a bad side. It means you’re very focused on what you’re doing, which is good but it also means you drive people crazy by showing them the ‘correct way’ to do things. Your family may not appreciate lessons in how to clean and stack the dishes or drive the car!
Actually, simplicity is what appeals to you, for you can’t stand pompousness and look-at-me behaviour. You know that beauty is not about what you wear or what hairstyle you have.
You enjoy getting your hands dirty with gardening, practical hobbies and odd jobs around the home. Hard work doesn’t scare you in the least.
Taurus is a touchy-feely sign, which means you rely on your feelings rather than your mind when you try to understand your experiences. You trust your own intuition about others, and you are usually right. However, you have terrific reasoning skills as well, so don’t dismiss your sensible nature. Balancing these two sides of yourself will increase your success in life.
The Taurus Personality and Influences
Key life phrase
2nd sign of the zodiac; fixed, fruitful, feminine and moist
Zodiac element
Security-conscious, resolute, sensual, dependable, faithful,secure, proud, obstinate and decisive
Compatible star signs
Virgo, Gemini, Cancer, Virgo, Capricorn, Pisces, Aries
Mismatched signs
Leo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Aquarius
Ruling planet
Mercury
Lucky numbers and significant years
5, 6, 8, 14, 15, 17, 23, 24, 26, 32, 33, 35, 41, 42, 44, 50, 51, 53, 59, 60, 62, 68, 69, 77, 80
Lucky gems
Diamond, quartz crystal, aquamarine, Lapis Lazuli and emerald
Lucky fragrances
I am secure and without need
Lucky days
Wednesdays, Fridays and Saturdays
Taurus Profile
You're born with the earthy sign of Taurus rising in the east. This particular Venus ruled earth sign is considered fixed, which means that you persevere in anything you begin. You have great staying power, even if the odds are stacked against you. You never give up, you are hard to budge from your position and when it comes to matters of principal, you see things through to the end.
Venus, as I mentioned, your ruler, presides over desires, both worldly and emotional. An extension of this is the secular energy and attractiveness that Venus bestows on you, making you passionate and sensual. Taureans are tactile by nature.
You are slow moving in the way you approach things. Rushing Taurus doesn't work. You are meticulous in the way you approach your plans and the execution of those plans. In this way, you rather plod and perfect than rush and ruin.
There's considerable refinement in the personality of the Taurus-born individual. You can't handle anything crass or abrasive to your sight, your hearing or your taste. You love comforts and pleasures and work hard to make sure that you put yourself in a position to enjoy everything that life has to offer.
Being a steady individual, you are dependable, reliable and never shirk your responsibilities. By the same token, your patience means that you want to do things your way and hate any sort of interference. Impulse is not a trait that we usually associate with the Taurus-born native. You won't be pushed without giving adequate thought to any decision you make. Even if others give you a list as long as their arm for justification as to why you should do something, this is still not good enough for you. You, Taurus, will come to your decision in your own good time.
You can be extremely stubborn because of this, and others find it somewhat difficult to sway your thinking. You don't like to fight, but when you're provoked your bull's horns will be exhibited for the world to see. You'll take a stand but if that's still not good enough, you're more than happy to charge. Watch out, world, when this happens because Taurus doesn't take any enemies.
Your ruling planet, Venus, makes you a most social creature and therefore Taureans love to be surrounded by people. You enjoy in particular serving others and making them as comfortable as possible. This makes you a great friend and confidante.
Creating a homely and comfortable environment in which to live is high on your Taurean priority list. You value a comfortable, domesticated situation in which you can share your life with those you love, welcoming family and friends whenever possible into your nest.
You love creature comforts and perhaps a little too much for your own good. Read on in the diet and health section where I talk about how food and drink and overindulgence in these things may lead to some problems in the Taurean individual.
Change is something you don't handle all that well unless, of course, you've had ample time to deliberate and come to your own conclusions. You are extremely uncomfortable when others try to impose their will upon you, and this also brings the ferocious bull out of hibernation, so to speak.
You're generally even-tempered, but can surprise others with your explosive temper if you're pushed beyond your limits. Try to find an adequate outlet for your sometimes pent up energy as some Taurus-born people do tend to bottle up their feelings, thereby creating a lot of inner turmoil for themselves.
You run the risk of overworking, attempting to achieve too much on the material plane and thereby ruining your health in the process. Overindulgence is a danger. Regulating your life and living to a very strict pattern of discipline will not only be comfortable but desirable for Taurus.
You don't mind getting your hands dirty, even if you're a woman. Nothing is beneath you and, if it's going to save you some money and at the same time beautify your surroundings, even better. Gardening in particular not only gives you the opportunity to enhance your surroundings but to also get your hands in the soil close to Mother Earth, which you have a close affinity with.
Graceful and charming Venus makes you attractive and loveable to all who cross your path.
Taurus Cusps
Taurus - Aries cusp
You are fiercely independent having the additional character traits of the sign of Aries. This sign is the one previous to yours and if you were born between the 21st till the 28th of April you will exhibit many of the traits of the Ram.
As well as having the fiery aspects of the Martian sign Aries, you are dependable, somewhat stubborn it always extremely reliable and also loyal. You have an ability to express your creative desires with great energy and persuasion. You have immense amounts of energy to achieve your objectives but no one should ever cross your path as you have a combative and explosive streak to your nature as well.
Aries born individuals are very outspoken so you will always speak your mind even if for others this is uncomfortable. Because you have such a high level of Mars energy your drive and demands on others may be a little hard to cope with.
You will always have money and make a point to strive hard to achieve financial success and independence as well. Even if in the early stages of your life you are not super wealthy, you will slowly but surely grow and their stake which will hold you in good stead later in your life.
Try to learn the art of flexibility and don't butt heads with others. You may experience relationship problems if you are not more accommodating of the other person's opinion. Developing the art of listening will be one of your main lessons in life. Learning humility can be a key to achieving a greater level of harmony in your personal relationships-both social and marital.
Taurus - Gemini cusp
The tenacity and determination of your typical Taurus Sun sign is given an interesting intellectual twist by having Gemini as an influence on your personality. This means that if you were born in the last week or so of Taurus that is between the 15th until the 22nd of May you will have a mixture of influences from your Sun sign of Taurus as well as Gemini.
The typical Venus influence of your Taurus Sun sign is quickened by the Mercurial and Gemini influence. You have a curious nature and can use your imagination in a practical way. Unlike the typical Gemini who has difficulty in stabilizing their thought you are much steadier and have greater command over your thinking processes is. You will use these gifts to achieve success in life.
Although you still have the stability and tenacity of your Taurus Sun sign, you're also influenced by intellectual and curious Gemini. Your communication will be interesting and compassionate at the same time. You have many interesting things to teach others but have no time for impractical ideas that cannot enhance your life and provide the security you desire for your family and loved ones.
You're never in danger of being too impulsive or even outspoken as you have the ability to put yourself in another person's shoes and think about how they would react. Although you are clever in your speech you measure your words and are able to make a great impression on others. You give great advice and people come to you to receive assistance in working out their problems. Your wealth of experience is being shared and helps the community and world at large.
You don't have difficulty in making a decision but you like to look at all the alternatives before moving forward. Some people think you are indecisive but this is not the case. You are careful to not only assess a good outcome but will see what the down side of situation is as well. You cover all bases.
One area you need to be careful of is in holding too strongly to your opinions. Even if you are right on some issues there may be times when it is better to eat a little humble pie and keep the peace. This is an important life lesson and you must not get caught up in becoming an island unto yourself. Give others the opportunity to express their opinions and try to see things from the other person's point of view.
Taurus At Large
April 21 - 29
Those of you born between the 21st and the 29th of April have the double Taurus/Venus energy. You are enamored by love and romance and will struggle to meet the right sort of person in your life. Once you do, you'll be able to share the deepest parts of your personality and your emotions with them. Caring for the one you love is a high priority in your life.
April 30 - May 10
Those of you born between the 30th of April and the 10th of May have humorous, quick-witted and versatile Mercury also ruling your birth dates. This means you are a consummate communicator whose mind is constantly bubbling over with ideas. Far from your typical Taurean brothers and sisters who are a little slow off the mark, you are endowed with considerable speed and business acumen as well.
May 11 - 21
Being born between the 11th and the 21st of May makes you extremely interested in finance and it's quite likely that you will amass a small fortune at some point in your life. You're a practical individual who knows how to save your pennies for a rainy day. Your main objective in life is your personal security but you also care deeply for your family and loved ones and wish to take them under your wing.
Taurus Man
Finishes what he starts
Great provider
Sturdy and robust, Taurus men are usually big-boned with prominent necks and jaws. They also have a strong tendency to put on weight because of their unrestrained lifestyle.
Your personality, Taurus, is the absolute opposite to the fast-paced world around you. Your time management dates to a bygone era when life was more sluggish. You think time is always on your side and approach relationships, work and day-to-day activities with this blissful unhurried- ness. You believe that haste makes waste.
Even though you are intensely opinionated, voicing your thoughts to people you are not comfortable with may be challenging. When you do choose to speak, your approach is far from conventional. You manifest an utterly dogmatic streak when stifled, especially on matters that chal- lenge the beliefs you hold dear.
Many Taurean men strive for success at work and regard their responsi bilities as priorities. This may be impressive, but not from the employers point of view. The reason you get flak is because you are so precise in performing a job that you give no thought to the amount of time that it is taking up. What matters to you is a job well done, and in your devoted- ness to this ideal, you become blissfully oblivious to deadlines.
While many may regard you as unsympathetic, coarse and insensible, you can also be the exact opposite. You are big-hearted, benevolent and gentle in your relationships with your family and friends. Your nurturing and protective instincts make you an unbelievably generous provider. It goes without saying that your idea of a fulfilling life is raising a happy family.
Clear communication is pivotal for the harmony you seek in personal relationships. With your know-it-all attitude, you run the risk of over looking your partner's needs and creating differences instead. For the overall health of the relationship, it's crucial to take your partner into your confidence. Open-hearted dialogues that allow others to express their sentiments won't be easy with your deep-seated stubbornness. However, overcoming this tendency can help you go a long way in polishing your nature and adapting harmoniously to the environment.
Speaking of the element of earth, I have met a multitude of Taurean men with an intrinsic passion for gardening. Many like to get their hands dirty and fondly watch over their lovely garden as it blooms in bounty. It gives them a wonderful feeling of tranquility, contentment and joy.
It is intriguing to note that the Zodiac sign pertaining to your evolution is the progressive sign of Aquarius. This means that your greatest challenge is surpassing your own limitations and excelling beyond the confines you draw for yourself. Seize the moment and live your life to the fullest.
Taurus Woman
Accountable
Enduring
It's ironic how the horned Bull is diametrically opposed to Venus, your soft and gentle ruling planet. At first, you come across as the perfect epitome of poise, charm and vigour, but gradually you reveal your innate fierceness and determination, which is intrinsic to your horned person- ality. People then awaken to the myriad facets of your colourful persona!
You are unrelenting, resolute and affectionate, although you exhibit abrupt mood swings and have strong Jekyll and Hyde tendencies. You rate truthfulness and fidelity highly, and if someone wants to witness your belligerent and imperious instincts, all they have to do is betray your trust. This triggers your 'bull' impulse and you will naturally charge at them.
Your Zodiac element of earth signifies how well grounded you are. You don't look down on others, and your keen awareness of your roots lends you a natural ability to connect with people from all walks of life, regard less of their class. For the more evolved Taurean, your earthy relative Virgo may find expression in your personality. This enables you to strive for perfection in any endeavour you put your mind to.
I have encountered countless Taurean women who are highly devoted to their dwelling. Your home is your castle and you painstakingly tend to every detail that needs attention. You shine as an exceptional hostess when visitors come knocking as you're born with the gift to nurture, love and comfort, not just your family and friends, but also perfect strangers.
Taurus Child
You need to be especially skilful, even shrewd as a parent when dealing with a child born under Taurus. No amount of reasoning is going to convince them to follow your directions and advice due to their particularly wilful nature.
You have to cajole your child with love and rewards but please be careful not to make unhealthy food the habitual gift when they do take your lead. They have a tendency to become overweight and sluggish.
It's a little like trying to get the bull through the gate. You can hit it with a stick or entice it with some luscious grass, and it's the same thing with the child of Taurus.
These children are determined to succeed. They are stubborn but loving and will make you proud if you give them the right sort of encouragement at the right time. Give them lots of emotional attention as well. They need this, being ruled by soft and affectionate Venus.
You should never withhold touch from your affectionate Taurean child. Their emotional and mental development requires a great deal of physical demonstrativeness from their parents. Cuddles are the perfect food for their souls.
Being ruled by Venus, Taurus children are particularly sociable and love the company of friends of both sexes. They are, however, prone to sexuality from an early age and are quite aware of their influence over the opposite sex so it's extremely important for you to educate them early in these matters so that they don't travel down the wrong path.
The other area of encouragement that is essential for the child of Taurus is sport and outdoor activity. If you help them develop a habit of exercise and physical mobility, their health both physically and mentally will develop wonderfully well. They love roaming in parks, gardens and outdoor areas, which is food for the soul for them. In matters of sport and exercise, they are determined and can be excellent achievers if they develop the taste for winning.
Teach them the art of flexibility and open-mindedness, however, as the stubbornness of the bull will ultimately impact upon their relationships if they don't learn the technique of compromise.
To have a personalized Child Astro Report... please click HERE!
Taurus Lover
As one of the most dependable and committed of the zodiac signs, you rate reliability as imperative to a successful relationship. You blossom best in the comfort of sincerity and openness. If you're devoid of these essential requirements, you refuse to open up and shy away from surren- dering your heart.
You often reach stalemates in your life, particularly in relationships. You may cling to a past romance with the same intensity as if it were a current relationship. Relying on time to heal unpleasant wounds may not be the best option as it'll restrict you from taking the plunge again. Of course, you long for someone special, so sever the emotional chains around you and embrace the limitless possibilities instead.
You are as possessive and overprotective in love as you are with some of your material belongings. Your partner better ensure absolute commit- ment to avoid feeling stifled. Try not to succumb to jealousy or it will damage your relationship with negativity and mistrust. You must rest your belief in your partner and foster a spirit of independence towards them. This simple act of trust and liberty can be beneficial for your relationship, and your partner will be more willing to reciprocate and less prone to wander.
Although you are honest, you could be uncomplicated and upfront in the way you do this. As a result, people may also find you excessively honest! Providing detailed reasoning for your opinions will stand you in good stead, especially when you feel incapable of speaking up and your relationship is at risk of going into shut-down mode.
What your relationships truly require is compromise. Pour every ounce of yourself into being supportive and flexible. These traits don't come naturally to you, so you need to inculcate them. Your relationships bloom best amidst excitement and spontaneity, not control or anxiety. A posi- tive shift in your attitude is all that's needed for sparking a relationship.
Once you're comfortably ensconced in a relationship, the sensual elements of your nature come into sight. When this happens, you immerse yourself in the pleasurable aspects of that feeling. Be wary of not getting carried away or overindulging such tendencies. Your relation- ship flourishes best in moderation.
In short, your relationships go beyond simple attraction. You need to feel snug and warm. You also need to know that your significant other is as keen as you are and that your temperaments complement each other. For you, Taurus, love is for keeps, particularly if you're in your 30s or older. One night stands and flings definitely don't enthrall you.
Taurus Friend
You take great pride in your choice of friends and select carefully before committing to them. You prefer quality to quantity. You also enjoy friend- ship with people who exhibit good taste in the way they dress, the life- style they lead and their general demeanour. Superficial people don't even get to first base, and anyone with an ego would do well to leave it at the door.
Friendship with powerful people attracts you, especially if they are happy to share this power with you. You are extremely dependable, and this is one of the things your friends like about you. They will look to you for guid- ance and stability, and even in times of trouble you will be there for them.
When meeting someone for the first time, you will play your cards close to your chest until you work out who they are and how they relate to you. This is one of the reasons why you build good, strong friendships, albeit slowly.
You can be jealous, Taurus, and not always on a proven basis. You do not like signs of weakness, physical or emotional, and can be quite direct about it. You, of course, see yourself as strong as a bull, and this perceived weakness in others is a real turn-off for you.
It is unlikely that you will forget a friend's birthday and you will probably plan something in advance so you don't miss their special occasion. This is a trait that your friends really appreciate about you. When purchasing a gift for someone you love, you spend a lot of time consid- ering what they would like so they are happy with what they receive.
Taureans do not follow the crowd in changing fads and fashion; they develop their own style. You have inbuilt good taste and know exactly what suits you and your personality. You love to entertain and your friends will enjoy sharing these occasions with you. Social occasions are a way of having lively discussions, exchanging ideas and sharing food and drink from faraway places.
Loyal and devoted, you do not take friendship lightly, and you hate to lose a friend. However, it must be said that you hold grudges for a long time and remember every wrongdoing in boring detail. Lighten up!
Taurus Enemy
Taurus can be remarkably unwearied by rivals, and they can keep disagreements and confrontations at bay. However, they are also horned bulls who, when provoked, can disrupt all semblance of harmony. They don't like to be treated unfairly, so if you have any such designs, brace yourself to encounter a raging bull charging at you at full speed.
Taurus doesn't easily identify himself/herself as a potential enemy. They have a knack for keeping their emotions under wraps and won't even give you a whiff of the grudges they may nurse against you. You could spend every waking moment in their company, oblivious to the negativity lurking deep within them. However, the Bull is not a cow! Their contain- ment never lasts as they're bound to explode. With a Taurus enemy, it's not a matter of 'if', but 'when'.
Because of their tendency to steer clear of confrontations, it does take a considerable amount of cornering to rile them up. But when you begin to witness your Taurus enemy rising to reveal the darkness within, you'll probably marvel at how they managed to contain such a blaze of anger for so long! Being ruled by the Bull it is a warning. When they are taken over by their anger, they pierce you with their horns and toss over anyone else who crosses their path. Because Taurus can be extremely possessive of their belongings, and protective of the people they love, even a small misconduct is likely to arouse feelings of jealousy and riotous anger.
In personal circumstances where Taurus is wronged by a friend, one can witness the same fury described above. If you're on the receiving end of this, you'll be left traumatised and wondering how someone so meek and mild could unleash this violent avalanche of anger and beastliness.
In a nutshell, Taurus has zero tolerance for unfair treatment, and never forgives or forgets an insult or misconduct. In fact, they could take years to forgive someone they regard as an enemy.
Taurus Celebrities
What a better way to study face reading than to apply the principles of characterology to those faces of our favorably celebrities and public figures.
These famous faces are a brief interpretation of what their features and faces reveal about them.
We will be constantly updating our celebrity face readings, so check back to gather new insights into the rich and famous!
My Light and Shadow
The Light and Shadow
The light and the dark are part of human nature and each star sign exhibits this polarity. It is the yin and yang of life and once we confront these shadowy areas within ourselves the sooner we are able to break free of all self limiting behaviours and habits.
Taurus: The light side
Venus is your ruler and is one of the more desirable planets of the zodiac, endowing you with a down-to-earth sense of humour and wonderful social skills. You're never too highbrow that you won't talk to someone lower down on the social ladder and, in fact, feel quite uncomfortable being made to feel superior. You treat everyone equally and this is a great strength and asset.
Artistic Venus also brings with it a love of art, crafts and a sense of colour, form and beauty to the Taurean temperament. Anything beautiful attracts you and likewise the beauty in you attracts others.
You have a no-frills approach when it comes to helping others and your words are direct and cut straight to the heart of the problem. People always look to you when they need help. You are gentle, practical and your help is always useful.
Your work ethic is exemplary and you believe that even a menial task should be carried out with care and precision. You are a perfectionist.
Try to share your talents with the world around you, even though you feel as though modesty is desirable. The world will be better for it.
Taurus: The shadow side
One of the most important things for you to understand is that you should delegate and save yourself time and trouble in your daily life. Your inability to allow others to help stems from a lack of trust in your ability to do things as well.
There may be some truth to this but sooner or later you'll come to realise that no two people do things the same and gradually you'll let go of this habit. This attitude requires flexibility on your part and though it won't be easy, reducing your rigidity and is essential for your growth.
You rule the roost at home and like to show others how it's done. As long as everything is working to your plan you're quite happy, but should someone decide to step outside the square it can throw you out of kilter.
This will annoy others and it becomes a source of tension in your personal life. Let others continue to develop their own abilities and show your appreciation for them without trying to exert your will and dominate the situation.
On the one hand your determination is an excellent Taurean trait but when taken to extremes will push others away. It requires honesty to be able to change your habits.
Taurus Secrets
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In which year was the ‘Storming of the Bastille’ in Paris? | French revolutionaries storm Bastille - Jul 14, 1789 - HISTORY.com
French revolutionaries storm Bastille
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A+E Networks
Parisian revolutionaries and mutinous troops storm and dismantle the Bastille, a royal fortress that had come to symbolize the tyranny of the Bourbon monarchs. This dramatic action signaled the beginning of the French Revolution , a decade of political turmoil and terror in which King Louis XVI was overthrown and tens of thousands of people, including the king and his wife Marie Antoinette, were executed.
The Bastille was originally constructed in 1370 as a bastide, or “fortification,” to protect the walled city of Paris from English attack. It was later made into an independent stronghold, and its name–bastide–was corrupted to Bastille. The Bastille was first used as a state prison in the 17th century, and its cells were reserved for upper-class felons, political troublemakers, and spies. Most prisoners there were imprisoned without a trial under direct orders of the king. Standing 100 feet tall and surrounded by a moat more than 80 feet wide, the Bastille was an imposing structure in the Parisian landscape.
By the summer of 1789, France was moving quickly toward revolution. There were severe food shortages in France that year, and popular resentment against the rule of King Louis XVI was turning to fury. In June, the Third Estate, which represented commoners and the lower clergy, declared itself the National Assembly and called for the drafting of a constitution. Initially seeming to yield, Louis legalized the National Assembly but then surrounded Paris with troops and dismissed Jacques Necker, a popular minister of state who had supported reforms. In response, mobs began rioting in Paris at the instigation of revolutionary leaders.
Bernard-René Jordan de Launay, the military governor of the Bastille, feared that his fortress would be a target for the revolutionaries and so requested reinforcements. A company of Swiss mercenary soldiers arrived on July 7 to bolster his garrison of 82 soldiers. The Marquis de Sade, one of the few prisoners in the Bastille at the time, was transferred to an insane asylum after he attempted to incite a crowd outside his window by yelling: “They are massacring the prisoners; you must come and free them.” On July 12, royal authorities transferred 250 barrels of gunpowder to the Bastille from the Paris Arsenal, which was more vulnerable to attack. Launay brought his men into the Bastille and raised its two drawbridges.
On July 13, revolutionaries with muskets began firing at soldiers standing guard on the Bastille’s towers and then took cover in the Bastille’s courtyard when Launay’s men fired back. That evening, mobs stormed the Paris Arsenal and another armory and acquired thousands of muskets. At dawn on July 14, a great crowd armed with muskets, swords, and various makeshift weapons began to gather around the Bastille.
Launay received a delegation of revolutionary leaders but refused to surrender the fortress and its munitions as they requested. He later received a second delegation and promised he would not open fire on the crowd. To convince the revolutionaries, he showed them that his cannons were not loaded. Instead of calming the agitated crowd, news of the unloaded cannons emboldened a group of men to climb over the outer wall of the courtyard and lower a drawbridge. Three hundred revolutionaries rushed in, and Launay’s men took up a defensive position. When the mob outside began trying to lower the second drawbridge, Launay ordered his men to open fire. One hundred rioters were killed or wounded.
Launay’s men were able to hold the mob back, but more and more Parisians were converging on the Bastille. Around 3 p.m., a company of deserters from the French army arrived. The soldiers, hidden by smoke from fires set by the mob, dragged five cannons into the courtyard and aimed them at the Bastille. Launay raised a white flag of surrender over the fortress. Launay and his men were taken into custody, the gunpowder and cannons were seized, and the seven prisoners of the Bastille were freed. Upon arriving at the Hotel de Ville, where Launay was to be arrested by a revolutionary council, the governor was pulled away from his escort by a mob and murdered.
The capture of the Bastille symbolized the end of the ancien regime and provided the French revolutionary cause with an irresistible momentum. Joined by four-fifths of the French army, the revolutionaries seized control of Paris and then the French countryside, forcing King Louis XVI to accept a constitutional government. In 1792, the monarchy was abolished and Louis and his wife Marie-Antoinette were sent to the guillotine for treason in 1793.
By order of the new revolutionary government, the Bastille was torn down. On February 6, 1790, the last stone of the hated prison-fortress was presented to the National Assembly. Today, July 14–Bastille Day–is celebrated as a national holiday in France.
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Simpkin is the name of the cat that appears in which Beatrix Potter book? | Bastille Day: How peace and revolution got mixed up - BBC News
BBC News
Bastille Day: How peace and revolution got mixed up
By Hugh Schofield BBC News, Paris
14 July 2013
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Image caption Monarchists did not want France's national day to be remembered as a day of bloodshed, historians say
When the French parade on Sunday for their national day they will be marking the fall of the Bastille prison-fortress on 14 July 1789. Everyone knows that. Or do they? In fact there is a surprising twist in the story of this proud Republican anniversary.
Without realising it, what the French may technically be celebrating is not the storming of the Bastille but an event that took place exactly one year later, on 14 July 1790: the Fete de la Federation.
To explain how this came about requires a small detour into French history.
It is easy to forget that for the first century after 1789, France lived mainly under the kind of monarchical regimes the revolution was supposed to have done away with.
14 July 1790 is the most beautiful day in the history of France
Senator Henri Martin
There was Napoleon; then the restored Bourbons after Waterloo; then King Louis-Philippe; a brief republican interlude starting in 1848; and then the second empire under Napoleon III.
Not until 1870, after defeat in the Franco-Prussian war, did France establish a lasting republican system.
And even then, in the Third Republic's first elected Assembly, there was a clear majority of members who actually favoured a return to monarchy.
The forces of anti-revolutionary conservatism remained strong.
'City of hope'
By the end of the 1870s, the situation had moved. Most monarchists had become reconciled to the Republic; there was a Republican majority in the Assembly; so now was the time to anchor the new order with a set of national symbols.
And one of the first questions was the choice of national day.
After looking at various options, the left settled on 14 July. They reasoned that the taking of the Bastille was what triggered the French Revolution - the moment an angry people began to throw off its chains.
But the trouble was that 14 July was also a day of bloodshed. The governor of Paris had his head cut off with a pen-knife.
Image caption The annual military parade on the Champs Elysees draws thousands of people
For the ex-monarchists - now late converts to the Republic - this was all too much. A national day should be a day of reconciliation, they argued, not a celebration of class hatred.
And so eyes turned to the Fete de la Federation.
A year after the fall of the Bastille, Paris had been a city of hope. King Louis XVI was still on his throne, but his powers were being circumscribed by a constituent assembly. The privileges of the aristocracy had been abolished.
It was what historians have dubbed the "optimistic phase" of the revolution.
And to mark it, the authorities organised an extraordinary outdoor event on the Champs de Mars - where the Eiffel Tower now stands.
'Great festival of mankind'
A 24m (80ft) triumphal arch was erected, and banks of wooden seating for the 400,000-strong crowd. In the centre was set an "Altar of the Fatherland", inscribed with the sacred words "The Nation, the Law, the King".
In the weeks preceding, Parisians of every description had joined in the task of preparing the site - duchesses mingling with flower-sellers.
It was - according to the historian Simon Schama in his book Citizens - "a great festival of mankind morally purified by their communal labour".
On 14 July 1790, it poured with rain. But delegations of the newly-created national guard from across France paraded through the city, led by the Marquis de Lafayette.
Image caption Crowds at the Fete de la Federation roared when Marie-Antoinette held up the baby heir to the throne
On the Champ de Mars there was military music; oaths were made to the King, who in turn swore to uphold the decrees of the National Assembly; Mass was celebrated.
And in a scene straight out of today's celebrity culture, there was a roar of excitement as Queen Marie-Antoinette held up the baby dauphin - heir to the throne - to the crowd.
In the words of historian Georges-Henri Soutou, it was a moment when "it was still possible to imagine that a new regime could be established - one that did not offend the religious sensitivities of the majority and had the support of the King".
It did not last, of course. Within a year, the revolution was on course towards its bloody conclusion.
But a century later, the Fete de la Federation had the huge distinction of being an occasion on which just about everyone - from Bourbon loyalists to proto-Socialists - could agree.
For the Senator Henri Martin - who drew up the National Day law - "14 July 1790 is the most beautiful day in the history of France, possibly in the history of mankind. It was on that day that national unity was finally accomplished."
Passed in 1880, the law was deliberately ambiguous. It did not say which 14 July was being celebrated.
And today, of course, everyone thinks of it as Bastille Day.
But spare a thought for that other Quatorze Juillet - when France seemed on the verge of more peaceful, gradual change. It is part of the story too.
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Who became British Prime Minister in April 1976? | BBC ON THIS DAY | 5 | 1976: Callaghan is new prime minister
1976: Callaghan is new prime minister
Britain's new Prime Minister, James Callaghan, has arrived in Downing Street for his first day in office.
He returned from his audience with the Queen at Buckingham Palace to pose for photographs outside the door of Number 10 Downing Street with his wife Audrey.
Within hours, he made a televised address to the nation in which he promised a reforming government. However, he said, the future would not be easy.
"There is no soft option," he said. "I don't promise you any real easement for some time to come.
"There can be no lasting improvement in your living standards until we can achieve it without going deeper and deeper into debt as a nation."
Leadership contest
He made it clear that he considered the control of inflation his first priority. Unemployment, he said, was also too high - but could not be tackled until inflation had been brought under control.
Mr Callaghan's appointment follows the surprise resignation of long-standing Labour leader and Prime Minister Harold Wilson last month.
The result of the two-week leadership contest was announced just after 1600 BST (1500 GMT) to a packed meeting of the Parliamentary Labour Party.
Mr Callaghan had beaten his main rival, Employment Secretary Michael Foot, by 176 votes to 137.
Cabinet appointments
During his speech of acceptance, he paid tribute to Harold Wilson, and then asked for the party to "wipe the slate clean" and stop inter-factional squabbling.
In particular he asked the Tribune and Manifesto splinter groups - representing the extreme left and right of the party - to give their first loyalty to Labour.
He confirmed Denis Healey would remain Chancellor, and said Mr Foot would have a cabinet role, although he did not say which. Other Cabinet reshuffles are expected later in the week.
The media has already dubbed Mr Callaghan "Sailor Jim" after he revealed he had served as an ordinary seaman in World War II, as well as "Sunny Jim" for his upbeat temperament.
He comes to Number Ten from the Foreign Office, where he has served for the last two years in the Wilson cabinet.
It is the third senior cabinet post he has held. As Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1964-1967, he was forced to devalue the pound, after which he resigned.
He then served as Home Secretary until Labour lost the general election in 1970.
| James Callaghan |
Elizabeth Woodville was the wife of which English monarch? | History of James Callaghan - GOV.UK
GOV.UK
James Callaghan Labour 1976 to 1979
Born
27 March 1912 , Copnor area of Portsmouth, Hampshire
Died
26 March 2005, Ringmer, East Sussex
Dates in office
Major acts
Dangerous Wild Animals Act 1976: regulated the keeping of dangerous wild animals.
Race Relations Act 1976: serious amendments to the 1968 act to make fresh provision with respect to discrimination on racial grounds and relations between people of different racial groups.
Interesting facts
He was the only Prime Minister to come to the premiership after holding the other 3 great offices of state: Chancellor of the Exchequer (1964 to 1967), Home Secretary (1967 to 1970) and Foreign Secretary (1974 to 1976).
He was the father of Margaret Jay, Baroness Jay of Paddington, Labour peer and former Leader of the House of Lords.
James Callaghan is the only 20th-century British Prime Minister to have held all 4 major offices of state: Chancellor of the Exchequer, Home Secretary, Foreign Secretary and Prime Minister.
James Callaghan (sometimes affectionately referred to as ‘Big Jim’ or ‘Sunny Jim’) grew up in poverty during the Depression. Unable to afford the tuition fees for University, he joined the Inland Revenue in the 1930s, helping to set up the Association of Officers of Taxes trade union.
He was elected Member of Parliament for Cardiff South in 1945 after spending 3 years in the British Navy during the Second World War.
As Chancellor, Callaghan oversaw the controversial devaluation of the British pound in 1967, which was followed by his swift resignation. His next ministerial position as Home Secretary saw the increase of sectarian violence in Northern Ireland that reached its highest point under the following Conservative administration of Ted Heath.
Callaghan’s short period as Foreign Secretary, however, was interrupted by the surprise resignation of Harold Wilson in 1976. Callaghan, who was popular across all parts of the Labour Party, won the leadership election and became Prime Minister.
Callaghan’s government lost its majority of seats in Parliament on his first day in office. This forced him to rely upon the support of the Liberal Party during 1977 to 1978, and then the Scottish National Party for the remainder of the government. It is for this reason that the 1979 referendum on the devolution of powers to Scotland was produced, which was narrowly defeated by the Scottish voters.
His years as Prime Minister also saw the introduction of the Police Act of 1976, which formalised Police complaints procedures; the Housing (Homeless Persons) Act of 1977, which established the responsibility of local authorities to provide housing to homeless people; and the Education Act of 1976, which limited the number of independent and grant-maintained schools in any one area.
However, these years saw Britain’s economy performing poorly. By 1976, inflation had hit almost 17% with 1.5 million (or around 5% of workers) unemployed. Callaghan’s controversial decision to ask the International Monetary Fund for an emergency loan in 1976 created significant tensions within the Cabinet. His successful leadership during the Cabinet’s careful consideration of this decision has earned him wide praise among later observers.
Despite this success, further attempts by the government to reduce inflation through wage restrictions for public sector workers caused a wave of strikes across the winter of 1978 to 1979, which has become known as the ‘Winter of Discontent’. Having been severely undermined by these events, a motion of ‘no confidence’ against the Callaghan government was called by opposition MPs in Parliament in March 1979. This motion was passed by 311 votes against the 310 MPs that opposed it.
The following general election in May 1979 was won by Margaret Thatcher ’s Conservative party.
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Xanthophobia is the irrational fear of which colour? | Xanthophobia - fear of the color yellow | Phobia Source
Home » Phobia List
Xanthophobia – fear of the color yellow
Xanthophobia is an intense, irrational concern of the colour yellow. While, at first glance, this may seem like a foolish fear, it is rather real to the people impacted by this phobia. In its excessive form, the xanthophobic person may additionally feel an overwhelming fear of even the phrase yellow. Xanthophobia derives from the Greek word “xanthous”, meaning yellow and “phobos” which means fear.
What triggers xanthophobia?
Like all fears and phobias, xanthophobia is created by the unconscious thoughts as a protective mechanism. At some point in your past, there was likely an occasion linking the color yellow or the word yellow and emotional trauma. Whilst the unique catalyst could have been a real-life scare of some kind, the condition will also be triggered by myriad, benign events like movies, TV, or perhaps seeing someone else experience trauma.
But as long as the negative affiliation is highly effective enough, the unconscious thoughts thinks: “Ahh, this complete thing is very dangerous. How do I preserve myself from getting in this sort of situation again? I know, I’ll connect terrible feelings to the colour yellow or the word yellow, that method I’ll steer clear in future and so be safe.” Just like that xanthophobia is born. Attaching feelings to situations is likely one of the primary ways that humans learn. Sometimes we just get the wiring wrong.
The actual phobia manifests itself in numerous ways. Some sufferers experience it nearly all the time, others just in response to direct stimuli. Everyone has their very own unique formulation for when and the way to feel bad.
| Yellow |
The Bledisloe Cup is contested in Rugby Union between which two nations? | anxiety phobias Fear of the color yellow Xanthophobia
Panic Attack : Confront your phobias and fears . . . you know it makes sense!
PHOBIA: Xanthophobia
Short Definition: Fear of the color yellow or the word yellow
Details of Phobia:
Yellow is the color of sunshine, but it's also the color of fear for you when you have xanthophobia. You aren't yellow-bellied, of course, but your fear of yellow makes sure you never have to deal with yolks, daisies, or the Golden Arches. Wait, maybe this isn't such a bad fear to have after all.
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Who played detective Virgil Tibbs in the 1967 film ‘In the Heat of the Night’? | In the Heat of the Night (1967) - IMDb
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In the Heat of the Night ( 1967 )
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An African American police detective is asked to investigate a murder in a racially hostile southern town.
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Stirling Silliphant (screenplay), John Ball (based on a novel by)
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Won 5 Oscars. Another 17 wins & 14 nominations. See more awards »
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Storyline
Detective Virgil Tibbs is caught up in the racial tension of the US South when he is arrested after the murder of a prominent businessman. Tibbs was simply waiting for his next train at the station in Sparta, Mississippi and the confusion is soon resolved but when local police chief Gillespie learns that Tibbs is the Philadelphia PD's number one homicide expert, he reluctantly asks for his assistance. The murdered man, Mr. Colbert, had come to Sparta from the North to build a new factory and his wife and business associates immediately point the finger at Endicott, the most powerful man in the county and the one who had the most to lose if a major new employer comes to the area. Tibbs' life is clearly in danger but he perseveres in a highly charged and racially explosive environment until the killer is found. Written by garykmcd
Taglines:
They got a murder on their hands . . . they don't know what to do with it. See more »
Genres:
25 October 1967 (Argentina) See more »
Also Known As:
Al calor de la noche See more »
Filming Locations:
Did You Know?
Trivia
Mississippi was eventually ruled out as a location due to the existing political conditions. Sparta, Illinois, was selected as the location, and the town's name in the story was changed to Sparta so that local signs would not need to be changed. The greenhouse was added to an existing home and filled with $15,000 worth of orchids. See more »
Goofs
Calendars in diner and sheriff's office differ by many months. See more »
Quotes
Ofcr. Sam Wood : Where you keeping the pie tonight?
Ralph Henshaw, diner counterman : I ate the last piece just before you came in.
See more »
Crazy Credits
No uppercase ("capital") letters are used in the opening and closing credits, including the film's title, cast and characters, crew and job titles, and company credits. See more »
Connections
(United States) – See all my reviews
1967 was a turbulent year in the U S. Civil rights marches and demonstrations, anti-war rallies, the summer of love,psychedelic music and backlash against the previously noted, 1967 had it all. And this great movie came out, about a small Mississippi town embroiled in a steaming hot summer and a sizzling murder case. The movie diverges from the book on many aspects, mostly for the better. This is a serious look at a nation and a community in turmoil. The acting is first rate, from Sidney Poitier (one of the greatest American actors of this generation, regardless of race), Rod Steiger, Lee Grant, Warren Oates and the whole passel of townsfolk. The plot has been well outlined in previous posts, so I won't belabor it. My favorite scene is when Virgil examines the deceased, looking for clues in discoloration, type of wound, etc., while the sheriff looks on with his jaw practically on the floor in amazement. You can plainly see that he wanted to pin the crime on a hitch-hiker or one of the town's less desirable inhabitants. While some may see the film as preachy or presenting Virgil as a superior to the hicks, seen in the context of its time, it really tells a lot about race relations of the time. The movie is well filmed with lots of atmospheric detail of the time and region (even though it was filmed in Illinois, some areas of Illinois and Indiana were very Southern in their feel and outlook). Great acting, a good mystery, fine cinematography and an important theme make this a must-see movie. 10 stars.
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| Sidney Poitier |
During which year did the UK television series ‘Emmerdale Farm’ change its title to ‘Emmerdale’? | Howard Rollins Is Dead at 46; Star in TV's 'Heat of the Night' - The New York Times
The New York Times
Arts |Howard Rollins Is Dead at 46; Star in TV's 'Heat of the Night'
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Howard Rollins, an actor who was nominated for an Academy Award in 1981 for his work in the film ''Ragtime'' and was written out of the hit television series ''In the Heat of the Night'' in 1993 because of drug problems, died on Sunday at St. Luke's Hospital in Manhattan. He was 46.
A hospital spokeswoman, Sandra Salisbury, said that Mr. Rollins was admitted on Saturday but that his family had asked that no information be given out on the cause of death. Larry Bloustein, a spokesman for the William Morris Agency in Beverly Hills, Calif., which represented Mr. Rollins, also declined to provide any information about the death.
The New York City Medical Examiner's office said the case had not been reported for inquiry, suggesting that Mr. Rollins's death was not unexpected or suspicious.
''In The Heat of the Night,'' in which Mr. Rollins played a black chief of detectives, Virgil Tibbs, working with a white Southern sheriff, played by Carroll O'Connor, was based on the 1967 movie with Rod Steiger and Sidney Poitier. The series was broadcast by NBC from 1988 to 1992, when it was picked up by CBS. Mr. Rollins was replaced in the script by Carl Weathers in 1993, and the series ran another year. Reruns are being shown on the cable television by TNT.
Mr. Rollins also played major parts in the 1984 film ''A Soldier's Story'' and in ''Ragtime,'' in which his portrait of Coalhouse Walker, a young revolutionary, brought him an Oscar nomination.
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Mr. Rollins was born in Baltimore on Oct. 17, 1950. He grew interested in acting while attending Towson State College in Maryland and in 1974 moved to New York City, where he made his home.
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He had several scrapes with the law involving drug abuse. In 1988, he pleaded guilty to cocaine possession in Louisiana. In 1993, he spent a month in jail for reckless driving, and in 1992 he pleaded guilty to driving under the influence of a tranquilizer. He was sentenced to two days in jail, fined $1,000 and lost his driver's license.
Mr. Rollins's other television credits included ''He's Fired, She's Fired,'' ''The Johnnie Gibson Story'' and ''Children of Times Square.'' He was nominated for an Emmy in 1982 as best supporting actor in the daytime drama ''Another World.''
Onstage he appeared in ''G.R. Point,'' ''The Mightly Gents,'' ''We Interrupt This Program,'' 'Medal of Honor Rag'' and ''Fathers and Sons.'' He also appeared in ''I'm Not Rappaport'' in London and in a Canadian production of ''Othello.''
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Who wrote the poem ‘ The Ballad of Reading Gaol’? | The Ballad of Reading Gaol - Poems | Academy of American Poets
Academy of American Poets
The Academy of American Poets is the largest membership-based nonprofit organization fostering an appreciation for contemporary poetry and supporting American poets. For over three generations, the Academy has connected millions of people to great poetry through programs such as National Poetry Month, the largest literary celebration in the world; Poets.org, the Academy’s popular website; American Poets, a biannual literary journal; and an annual series of poetry readings and special events. Since its founding, the Academy has awarded more money to poets than any other organization.
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About this poet
Oscar Wilde was born in Dublin, Ireland, on October 16, 1854. His father, William Wilde, was a surgeon, and his mother, Jane Francesca Wilde, published poetry under the name Speranza. Wilde attended Trinity College, Dublin, from 1871 to 1874 and Magdalen College, Oxford, from 1874 to 1878. At Oxford, he received the Newdigate Prize for his long poem Ravenna (T. Shrimpton and Son, 1878). He also became involved in the aesthetic movement, advocating for the value of beauty in art.
After graduating from Oxford, Wilde moved to London to pursue a literary career. He published his first full-length book of poetry, Poems (Roberts Brothers), in 1881. In 1884 he married Constance Lloyd, and together they had two children. In 1888 he published his first work of prose, The Happy Prince, and Other Tales (D. Nutt, 1888).
Wilde is perhaps best known for his plays, including An Ideal Husband (L. Smithers, 1899) and The Importance of Being Earnest (E. Matthews and John Lane, 1899), both first performed in 1895. He is also the author of several fairy tales, critical essays, and other works of prose, as well as the iconic novel The Picture of Dorian Gray (Ward, Lock and Co., 1891).
George Bernard Shaw writes, “In a certain sense Mr. Wilde is to me our only thorough playwright. He plays with everything: with wit, with philosophy, with drama, with actors and audience, with the whole theatre.”
During the 1890s, Wilde faced three criminal and civil trials involving his relationship with the poet Lord Alfred Douglas. In 1895 he was found guilty of “gross indecency,” and he was imprisoned in Reading Gaol from 1895 to 1897. The Ballad of Reading Gaol (L. Smithers), a long poem describing the horrors Wilde faced in prison, was published in 1898 under the pseudonym C. 3. 3., his former cell number.
Wilde died of acute meningitis in Paris, France, on November 30, 1900.
Selected Bibliography
The Ballad of Reading Gaol (L. Smithers, 1898)
The Sphinx (E. Matthews and John Lane, 1894)
Poems (Roberts Brothers, 1881)
Ravenna (T. Shrimpton and Son, 1878)
Prose
De Profundis (G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1905)
The Rise of Historical Criticism (Sherwood Press, 1905)
Epigrams & Aphorisms (J. W. Luce, 1905)
The Soul of Man Under Socialism (Chiswick Pess, 1895)
Intentions (Mead and Co., 1894)
The Picture of Dorian Gray (Ward, Lock and Co., 1891)
The Happy Prince, and Other Tales (D. Nutt, 1888)
Drama
The Plays of Oscar Wilde (J. W. Luce & Co., 1905)
An Ideal Husband (L. Smithers, 1899)
The Importance of Being Earnest (L. Smithers, 1899)
A Woman of No Importance (E. Matthews and John Lane, 1894)
Salomé, drame an un acte (Librairie de l’art independent, 1893)
Oscar Wilde , 1854 - 1900
I He did not wear his scarlet coat, For blood and wine are red, And blood and wine were on his hands When they found him with the dead, The poor dead woman whom he loved, And murdered in her bed. He walked amongst the Trial Men In a suit of shabby grey; A cricket cap was on his head, And his step seemed light and gay; But I never saw a man who looked So wistfully at the day. I never saw a man who looked With such a wistful eye Upon that little tent of blue Which prisoners call the sky, And at every drifting cloud that went With sails of silver by. I walked, with other souls in pain, Within another ring, And was wondering if the man had done A great or little thing, When a voice behind me whispered low, "That fellow's got to swing." Dear Christ! the very prison walls Suddenly seemed to reel, And the sky above my head became Like a casque of scorching steel; And, though I was a soul in pain, My pain I could not feel. I only knew what hunted thought Quickened his step, and why He looked upon the garish day With such a wistful eye; The man had killed the thing he loved And so he had to die. Yet each man kills the thing he loves By each let this be heard, Some do it with a bitter look, Some with a flattering word, The coward does it with a kiss, The brave man with a sword! Some kill their love when they are young, And some when they are old; Some strangle with the hands of Lust, Some with the hands of Gold: The kindest use a knife, because The dead so soon grow cold. Some love too little, some too long, Some sell, and others buy; Some do the deed with many tears, And some without a sigh: For each man kills the thing he loves, Yet each man does not die. He does not die a death of shame On a day of dark disgrace, Nor have a noose about his neck, Nor a cloth upon his face, Nor drop feet foremost through the floor Into an empty place He does not sit with silent men Who watch him night and day; Who watch him when he tries to weep, And when he tries to pray; Who watch him lest himself should rob The prison of its prey. He does not wake at dawn to see Dread figures throng his room, The shivering Chaplain robed in white, The Sheriff stern with gloom, And the Governor all in shiny black, With the yellow face of Doom. He does not rise in piteous haste To put on convict-clothes, While some coarse-mouthed Doctor gloats, and notes Each new and nerve-twitched pose, Fingering a watch whose little ticks Are like horrible hammer-blows. He does not know that sickening thirst That sands one's throat, before The hangman with his gardener's gloves Slips through the padded door, And binds one with three leathern thongs, That the throat may thirst no more. He does not bend his head to hear The Burial Office read, Nor, while the terror of his soul Tells him he is not dead, Cross his own coffin, as he moves Into the hideous shed. He does not stare upon the air Through a little roof of glass; He does not pray with lips of clay For his agony to pass; Nor feel upon his shuddering cheek The kiss of Caiaphas. II Six weeks our guardsman walked the yard, In a suit of shabby grey: His cricket cap was on his head, And his step seemed light and gay, But I never saw a man who looked So wistfully at the day. I never saw a man who looked With such a wistful eye Upon that little tent of blue Which prisoners call the sky, And at every wandering cloud that trailed Its raveled fleeces by. He did not wring his hands, as do Those witless men who dare To try to rear the changeling Hope In the cave of black Despair: He only looked upon the sun, And drank the morning air. He did not wring his hands nor weep, Nor did he peek or pine, But he drank the air as though it held Some healthful anodyne; With open mouth he drank the sun As though it had been wine! And I and all the souls in pain, Who tramped the other ring, Forgot if we ourselves had done A great or little thing, And watched with gaze of dull amaze The man who had to swing. And strange it was to see him pass With a step so light and gay, And strange it was to see him look So wistfully at the day, And strange it was to think that he Had such a debt to pay. For oak and elm have pleasant leaves That in the spring-time shoot: But grim to see is the gallows-tree, With its adder-bitten root, And, green or dry, a man must die Before it bears its fruit! The loftiest place is that seat of grace For which all worldlings try: But who would stand in hempen band Upon a scaffold high, And through a murderer's collar take His last look at the sky? It is sweet to dance to violins When Love and Life are fair: To dance to flutes, to dance to lutes Is delicate and rare: But it is not sweet with nimble feet To dance upon the air! So with curious eyes and sick surmise We watched him day by day, And wondered if each one of us Would end the self-same way, For none can tell to what red Hell His sightless soul may stray. At last the dead man walked no more Amongst the Trial Men, And I knew that he was standing up In the black dock's dreadful pen, And that never would I see his face In God's sweet world again. Like two doomed ships that pass in storm We had crossed each other's way: But we made no sign, we said no word, We had no word to say; For we did not meet in the holy night, But in the shameful day. A prison wall was round us both, Two outcast men were we: The world had thrust us from its heart, And God from out His care: And the iron gin that waits for Sin Had caught us in its snare. III In Debtors' Yard the stones are hard, And the dripping wall is high, So it was there he took the air Beneath the leaden sky, And by each side a Warder walked, For fear the man might die. Or else he sat with those who watched His anguish night and day; Who watched him when he rose to weep, And when he crouched to pray; Who watched him lest himself should rob Their scaffold of its prey. The Governor was strong upon The Regulations Act: The Doctor said that Death was but A scientific fact: And twice a day the Chaplain called And left a little tract. And twice a day he smoked his pipe, And drank his quart of beer: His soul was resolute, and held No hiding-place for fear; He often said that he was glad The hangman's hands were near. But why he said so strange a thing No Warder dared to ask: For he to whom a watcher's doom Is given as his task, Must set a lock upon his lips, And make his face a mask. Or else he might be moved, and try To comfort or console: And what should Human Pity do Pent up in Murderers' Hole? What word of grace in such a place Could help a brother's soul? With slouch and swing around the ring We trod the Fool's Parade! We did not care: we knew we were The Devil's Own Brigade: And shaven head and feet of lead Make a merry masquerade. We tore the tarry rope to shreds With blunt and bleeding nails; We rubbed the doors, and scrubbed the floors, And cleaned the shining rails: And, rank by rank, we soaped the plank, And clattered with the pails. We sewed the sacks, we broke the stones, We turned the dusty drill: We banged the tins, and bawled the hymns, And sweated on the mill: But in the heart of every man Terror was lying still. So still it lay that every day Crawled like a weed-clogged wave: And we forgot the bitter lot That waits for fool and knave, Till once, as we tramped in from work, We passed an open grave. With yawning mouth the yellow hole Gaped for a living thing; The very mud cried out for blood To the thirsty asphalte ring: And we knew that ere one dawn grew fair Some prisoner had to swing. Right in we went, with soul intent On Death and Dread and Doom: The hangman, with his little bag, Went shuffling through the gloom And each man trembled as he crept Into his numbered tomb. That night the empty corridors Were full of forms of Fear, And up and down the iron town Stole feet we could not hear, And through the bars that hide the stars White faces seemed to peer. He lay as one who lies and dreams In a pleasant meadow-land, The watcher watched him as he slept, And could not understand How one could sleep so sweet a sleep With a hangman close at hand? But there is no sleep when men must weep Who never yet have wept: So we—the fool, the fraud, the knave— That endless vigil kept, And through each brain on hands of pain Another's terror crept. Alas! it is a fearful thing To feel another's guilt! For, right within, the sword of Sin Pierced to its poisoned hilt, And as molten lead were the tears we shed For the blood we had not spilt. The Warders with their shoes of felt Crept by each padlocked door, And peeped and saw, with eyes of awe, Grey figures on the floor, And wondered why men knelt to pray Who never prayed before. All through the night we knelt and prayed, Mad mourners of a corpse! The troubled plumes of midnight were The plumes upon a hearse: And bitter wine upon a sponge Was the savior of Remorse. The cock crew, the red cock crew, But never came the day: And crooked shape of Terror crouched, In the corners where we lay: And each evil sprite that walks by night Before us seemed to play. They glided past, they glided fast, Like travelers through a mist: They mocked the moon in a rigadoon Of delicate turn and twist, And with formal pace and loathsome grace The phantoms kept their tryst. With mop and mow, we saw them go, Slim shadows hand in hand: About, about, in ghostly rout They trod a saraband: And the damned grotesques made arabesques, Like the wind upon the sand! With the pirouettes of marionettes, They tripped on pointed tread: But with flutes of Fear they filled the ear, As their grisly masque they led, And loud they sang, and loud they sang, For they sang to wake the dead. "Oho!" they cried, "The world is wide, But fettered limbs go lame! And once, or twice, to throw the dice Is a gentlemanly game, But he does not win who plays with Sin In the secret House of Shame." No things of air these antics were That frolicked with such glee: To men whose lives were held in gyves, And whose feet might not go free, Ah! wounds of Christ! they were living things, Most terrible to see. Around, around, they waltzed and wound; Some wheeled in smirking pairs: With the mincing step of demirep Some sidled up the stairs: And with subtle sneer, and fawning leer, Each helped us at our prayers. The morning wind began to moan, But still the night went on: Through its giant loom the web of gloom Crept till each thread was spun: And, as we prayed, we grew afraid Of the Justice of the Sun. The moaning wind went wandering round The weeping prison-wall: Till like a wheel of turning-steel We felt the minutes crawl: O moaning wind! what had we done To have such a seneschal? At last I saw the shadowed bars Like a lattice wrought in lead, Move right across the whitewashed wall That faced my three-plank bed, And I knew that somewhere in the world God's dreadful dawn was red. At six o'clock we cleaned our cells, At seven all was still, But the sough and swing of a mighty wing The prison seemed to fill, For the Lord of Death with icy breath Had entered in to kill. He did not pass in purple pomp, Nor ride a moon-white steed. Three yards of cord and a sliding board Are all the gallows' need: So with rope of shame the Herald came To do the secret deed. We were as men who through a fen Of filthy darkness grope: We did not dare to breathe a prayer, Or give our anguish scope: Something was dead in each of us, And what was dead was Hope. For Man's grim Justice goes its way, And will not swerve aside: It slays the weak, it slays the strong, It has a deadly stride: With iron heel it slays the strong, The monstrous parricide! We waited for the stroke of eight: Each tongue was thick with thirst: For the stroke of eight is the stroke of Fate That makes a man accursed, And Fate will use a running noose For the best man and the worst. We had no other thing to do, Save to wait for the sign to come: So, like things of stone in a valley lone, Quiet we sat and dumb: But each man's heart beat thick and quick Like a madman on a drum! With sudden shock the prison-clock Smote on the shivering air, And from all the gaol rose up a wail Of impotent despair, Like the sound that frightened marshes hear From a leper in his lair. And as one sees most fearful things In the crystal of a dream, We saw the greasy hempen rope Hooked to the blackened beam, And heard the prayer the hangman's snare Strangled into a scream. And all the woe that moved him so That he gave that bitter cry, And the wild regrets, and the bloody sweats, None knew so well as I: For he who lives more lives than one More deaths than one must die. IV There is no chapel on the day On which they hang a man: The Chaplain's heart is far too sick, Or his face is far too wan, Or there is that written in his eyes Which none should look upon. So they kept us close till nigh on noon, And then they rang the bell, And the Warders with their jingling keys Opened each listening cell, And down the iron stair we tramped, Each from his separate Hell. Out into God's sweet air we went, But not in wonted way, For this man's face was white with fear, And that man's face was grey, And I never saw sad men who looked So wistfully at the day. I never saw sad men who looked With such a wistful eye Upon that little tent of blue We prisoners called the sky, And at every careless cloud that passed In happy freedom by. But there were those amongst us all Who walked with downcast head, And knew that, had each got his due, They should have died instead: He had but killed a thing that lived Whilst they had killed the dead. For he who sins a second time Wakes a dead soul to pain, And draws it from its spotted shroud, And makes it bleed again, And makes it bleed great gouts of blood And makes it bleed in vain! Like ape or clown, in monstrous garb With crooked arrows starred, Silently we went round and round The slippery asphalte yard; Silently we went round and round, And no man spoke a word. Silently we went round and round, And through each hollow mind The memory of dreadful things Rushed like a dreadful wind, And Horror stalked before each man, And terror crept behind. The Warders strutted up and down, And kept their herd of brutes, Their uniforms were spick and span, And they wore their Sunday suits, But we knew the work they had been at By the quicklime on their boots. For where a grave had opened wide, There was no grave at all: Only a stretch of mud and sand By the hideous prison-wall, And a little heap of burning lime, That the man should have his pall. For he has a pall, this wretched man, Such as few men can claim: Deep down below a prison-yard, Naked for greater shame, He lies, with fetters on each foot, Wrapt in a sheet of flame! And all the while the burning lime Eats flesh and bone away, It eats the brittle bone by night, And the soft flesh by the day, It eats the flesh and bones by turns, But it eats the heart alway. For three long years they will not sow Or root or seedling there: For three long years the unblessed spot Will sterile be and bare, And look upon the wondering sky With unreproachful stare. They think a murderer's heart would taint Each simple seed they sow. It is not true! God's kindly earth Is kindlier than men know, And the red rose would but blow more red, The white rose whiter blow. Out of his mouth a red, red rose! Out of his heart a white! For who can say by what strange way, Christ brings his will to light, Since the barren staff the pilgrim bore Bloomed in the great Pope's sight? But neither milk-white rose nor red May bloom in prison air; The shard, the pebble, and the flint, Are what they give us there: For flowers have been known to heal A common man's despair. So never will wine-red rose or white, Petal by petal, fall On that stretch of mud and sand that lies By the hideous prison-wall, To tell the men who tramp the yard That God's Son died for all. Yet though the hideous prison-wall Still hems him round and round, And a spirit man not walk by night That is with fetters bound, And a spirit may not weep that lies In such unholy ground, He is at peace—this wretched man— At peace, or will be soon: There is no thing to make him mad, Nor does Terror walk at noon, For the lampless Earth in which he lies Has neither Sun nor Moon. They hanged him as a beast is hanged: They did not even toll A reguiem that might have brought Rest to his startled soul, But hurriedly they took him out, And hid him in a hole. They stripped him of his canvas clothes, And gave him to the flies; They mocked the swollen purple throat And the stark and staring eyes: And with laughter loud they heaped the shroud In which their convict lies. The Chaplain would not kneel to pray By his dishonored grave: Nor mark it with that blessed Cross That Christ for sinners gave, Because the man was one of those Whom Christ came down to save. Yet all is well; he has but passed To Life's appointed bourne: And alien tears will fill for him Pity's long-broken urn, For his mourner will be outcast men, And outcasts always mourn. V I know not whether Laws be right, Or whether Laws be wrong; All that we know who lie in gaol Is that the wall is strong; And that each day is like a year, A year whose days are long. But this I know, that every Law That men have made for Man, Since first Man took his brother's life, And the sad world began, But straws the wheat and saves the chaff With a most evil fan. This too I know—and wise it were If each could know the same— That every prison that men build Is built with bricks of shame, And bound with bars lest Christ should see How men their brothers maim. With bars they blur the gracious moon, And blind the goodly sun: And they do well to hide their Hell, For in it things are done That Son of God nor son of Man Ever should look upon! The vilest deeds like poison weeds Bloom well in prison-air: It is only what is good in Man That wastes and withers there: Pale Anguish keeps the heavy gate, And the Warder is Despair For they starve the little frightened child Till it weeps both night and day: And they scourge the weak, and flog the fool, And gibe the old and grey, And some grow mad, and all grow bad, And none a word may say. Each narrow cell in which we dwell Is foul and dark latrine, And the fetid breath of living Death Chokes up each grated screen, And all, but Lust, is turned to dust In Humanity's machine. The brackish water that we drink Creeps with a loathsome slime, And the bitter bread they weigh in scales Is full of chalk and lime, And Sleep will not lie down, but walks Wild-eyed and cries to Time. But though lean Hunger and green Thirst Like asp with adder fight, We have little care of prison fare, For what chills and kills outright Is that every stone one lifts by day Becomes one's heart by night. With midnight always in one's heart, And twilight in one's cell, We turn the crank, or tear the rope, Each in his separate Hell, And the silence is more awful far Than the sound of a brazen bell. And never a human voice comes near To speak a gentle word: And the eye that watches through the door Is pitiless and hard: And by all forgot, we rot and rot, With soul and body marred. And thus we rust Life's iron chain Degraded and alone: And some men curse, and some men weep, And some men make no moan: But God's eternal Laws are kind And break the heart of stone. And every human heart that breaks, In prison-cell or yard, Is as that broken box that gave Its treasure to the Lord, And filled the unclean leper's house With the scent of costliest nard. Ah! happy day they whose hearts can break And peace of pardon win! How else may man make straight his plan And cleanse his soul from Sin? How else but through a broken heart May Lord Christ enter in? And he of the swollen purple throat. And the stark and staring eyes, Waits for the holy hands that took The Thief to Paradise; And a broken and a contrite heart The Lord will not despise. The man in red who reads the Law Gave him three weeks of life, Three little weeks in which to heal His soul of his soul's strife, And cleanse from every blot of blood The hand that held the knife. And with tears of blood he cleansed the hand, The hand that held the steel: For only blood can wipe out blood, And only tears can heal: And the crimson stain that was of Cain Became Christ's snow-white seal. VI In Reading gaol by Reading town There is a pit of shame, And in it lies a wretched man Eaten by teeth of flame, In burning winding-sheet he lies, And his grave has got no name. And there, till Christ call forth the dead, In silence let him lie: No need to waste the foolish tear, Or heave the windy sigh: The man had killed the thing he loved, And so he had to die. And all men kill the thing they love, By all let this be heard, Some do it with a bitter look, Some with a flattering word, The coward does it with a kiss, The brave man with a sword!
This poem is in the public domain.
This poem is in the public domain.
Oscar Wilde
Oscar Wilde was born in Dublin, Ireland, on October 16, 1854. He attended Trinity College, Dublin, from 1871 to 1874 and Magdalen College, Oxford, from 1874 to 1878. At Oxford, he received the Newdigate Prize for his long poem Ravenna (T. Shrimpton and Son, 1878). He also became involved in the aesthetic movement, advocating for the value of beauty in art.
| Oscar Wilde |
Which British industrialist was the maternal grandfather of naturalist Charles Darwin? | The Ballad of Reading Gaol Summary | GradeSaver
The Ballad of Reading Gaol Summary
The Ballad of Reading Gaol Summary
by Oscar Wilde
The Ballad of Reading Gaol Summary
These notes were contributed by members of the GradeSaver community. We are thankful of their contributions and encourage you to make your own.
Written by people who wish to remain anonymous
“ The Ballad of Reading Gaol ” is a poetic description of Oscar Wilde ’s experiences in prison, specifically witnessing the sentence and execution of a fellow inmate at Reading Gaol.
The first part of the poem consists of several verses describing the prisoner: his appearance, emotions, and situation. Within this part of the poem, Wilde also compares the condemned inmate’s situation to the situations faced by other men, saying repeatedly that “each man kills the thing he loves” as the inmate killed the woman he loved.
The second part of the poem describes the condemned inmate’s emotional reactions to his approaching death. Although the other prisoners expect him to be depressed and self-pitying, they are surprised to find that he is not upset and seems to be trying to enjoy his time left.
The third part describes the inmate’s continuing indifference, and even contentedness, in the days leading up to his execution. Wilde describes seeing an open grave that had been dug for the man’s corpse. He discusses how although he and the other inmates could not sleep the night before the execution, the man who was to die slept soundly throughout the night. Wilde and the other prisoners anxiously await the morning, and when morning comes they anxiously await the execution. Finally, the execution is performed, and Wilde describes the man’s strangled cry as he is hanged.
In the fourth part, the prisoners are let out from their cells and walk, saddened and fearful, to the man’s grave. The man’s corpse is mocked and disrespected by prison officials, but at last he is cremated and buried, and Wilde says that he is “at peace, or will be soon.”
The fifth part of the poem is a reflection on the darkness, discomfort, and other horrors of prison life. In comparison to previous parts of the poem, the fifth part contains several references to God and Christ, used to emphasize the religious implications of the suffering the prisoners are forced to endure as punishment for their crimes.
The sixth and final part, also the shortest part, is a summary of the poem. It mentions several important points brought up in other parts of the poem: the disrespect of the man’s grave, the inevitability of his death, and his indifference toward his death in the time leading up to his execution. the final stanza is a repetition of the most famous stanza in the poem, found in the first part: “And all men kill the thing they love,/By all let this be heard,/Some do it with a bitter look,/Some with a flattering word,/The coward does it with a kiss,/The brave man with a sword!”
| i don't know |
Ancient Greek statesman Demosthenes used to practice his speaking, to cure his speech impediment, by placing what in his mouth? | Top 10 Greatest Orators Provide Groundwork for Today’s Motivational Speakers | Eagles Talent Speakers Bureau
Eagles Talent Speakers Bureau
Advanced Search Select and Show Results
Must Have:
Posted on May 17, 2011 by Sheldon Senek
As a Speakers Bureau , Eagles Talent has the expertise in identifying top motivational speakers . We understand all the tangibles needed to be a successful speaker. Below, we study some of the most influential speakers (from ancient history to today) and note the common thread that makes professional keynote speakers successful. If there’s one thing that hasn’t changed in speaking, it’s the mission of a presenter: create positive change (through content, inspiration, or entertainment).
Pericles
(495 – 429 BC)
His famed Funeral Oration is significant because it departed from the typical formula of Athenian funeral speeches, and instead was a glorification of Athens’ achievements designed to stir the spirits of a nation at war. A noted speaker before this speech, Pericles essentially redefined the public speech.
David Trumble is a well-respected artist who is an out-of-the-box thinker (like Pericles was) and speaker. He approaches topics, like his art, from a unique point of view–which makes us redefine our lives (personally and professionally).
Demosthenes
(384–322 BC)
After conquering his stuttering affliction, Demosthenes begins a lengthy process of studying the speeches of previous Greek orators, including Pericles. In his most famous speech as an official orator of Greece, he warns against Philip – the Macedonian king and father of Alexander the Great – as he sets out to conquer Greece. Three orations against Philip, known as the Philippics, were so heated and bitter that today a severe speech denouncing someone is called a Philippic.
While we won’t provide a speaker who denounces someone, it’s good to point out the speakers who can be philosophical and predict what our future looks like. An example of this is Mike Walsh (futurist speaker).
Winston Churchill
(1874 –1965)
As a young army officer stationed in India in 1897 Churchill wrote: “Of all the talents bestowed upon men, none is so precious as the gift of oratory.” And he never forgot it.
His speeches in 1940 at the outset of World War II cemented his reputation as one of the greatest orators in history. In an effort to boost public moral during the war, Churchill delivered one of his most stirring speeches to Parliament on June 18, 1940.
Referring to Hitler and the looming Nazi threat, Churchill laid out the facts in the clearest of manners. “If we can stand up to him, all Europe may be free . . . But if we fail, then the whole world, including the United States . . . will sink into the abyss of a new Dark Age. Let us therefore brace ourselves to our duties, and so bear ourselves that, if the British Empire and Commonwealth last for a thousand years, men will say, ‘This was their finest hour.’” Wow!
While Churchill boosted public moral, Mike Abrashoff , was the Commander of the USS Benfold, where he turned a sub-performing ship to one of the best in the fleet.
Mohandas Gandhi
(1869 –1948)
The Quit India speech made by Mahatma Gandhi on August 8, 1942 called for a determined but passive resistance against England’s continued occupation of the country.
The speech is considered a masterful work for both its ability to motivate and its effective message of nonviolence. More than two decades later Martin Luther King, Jr., would return to many of the themes in Gandhi’s speech with his
I Have a Dream speech that promoted nonviolence and equality of races.
From nonviolence to promoting happiness. Take a listen to John C. Havens . How do we become happier — more importantly, how can you measure it? Could you imagine if Gandhi was able to measure nonviolence in an app?
——————————————————-
Looking for today’s top orators to present for your group? You’re in the right place. Our connection with today’s most celebrated keynote speakers (business thought leaders, inspirational speakers, sports speakers, and more) is unmatched. For more information about how motivational speakers like these can impact your event, contact Eagles Talent at 1.800.345.5607 or email us at: [email protected]
——————————————————-
John F. Kennedy
(1917 – 1963)
Perhaps President’s Kennedy’s finest oration moment was his Ich Bin Ein Berliner speech – a notable moment of the Cold War. Delivered in front of the Berlin Wall in 1963, the speech provided a morale boost for West Berliners who feared an imminent East German occupation.
“Two thousand years ago the proudest boast was civis Romanus sum [I am a Roman citizen]. Today, in the world of freedom, the proudest boast is ‘Ich bin ein Berliner!’… All free men, wherever they may live, are citizens of Berlin, and, therefore, as a free man, I take pride in the words ‘Ich bin ein Berliner!’
Okay, so technical speaking what JFK told those German’s that summer day nearly 50 years ago actually meant: “I am a Jelly Donut” (No kidding, look it up). However, the crowd understood what the young president was speaking about and so did the Soviet Union.
JFK perfected the tone of leadership, that’s a quality you’ll find when you watch Mark Thompson . After all, Mark worked with some of the great business leaders of our time: Sir Richard Branson, Charles Schwab, and Steve Jobs.
Nelson Mandela
(1918 – Present)
The son of a tribal chieftain, Nelson Mandela joined the African National Congress in 1944. He was arrested in 1962 and charged with the capital crimes of sabotage and crimes that were equivalent to treason in Apartheid area South Africa. He delivered a defiant speech during his trial that is still a powerful reminder of equality and justice that should be required reading in schools today.
“During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to this struggle of the African people. I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.” He spent the next 27 years in prison.
Here’s a speaker who embraces the spirit of Nelson Mandela — doing something bigger than yourself. Doc Hendley saw a problem with contaminated water being one of the highest causes of death. He did something about it, one location at a time.
Martin Luther King Jr.
(1929 –1968)
Perhaps one of the most quoted and well known speeches in American history, Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream’” speech (now celebrating the 50th year anniversary of this speech) at Lincoln Memorial called for racial equality and an end to discrimination. The Civil Rights leader honed his speaking skills in churches, public meeting halls and demonstrations during this volatile era.
“I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.”
Simple, clear, powerful.
By no means do we draw any comparisons to the great Martin Luther King, Jr., his style of speaking is all about passion. The first speaker we think of when we think passion is Walter Bond . He has such a love for speaking and having his attendees wanting to be a better person.
Ronald Reagan
(1911 – 2004)
They called him “The Great Communicator” and it helped that President Reagan was a former actor, but the future president sharpened his public speaking skills as a spokesman for General Electric Theater. It was here that he embarked on speaking tours of General Electric plants throughout the country that would help shape his political ideology as well as his oratory skills.
In his 1987 “Tear Down This Wall’ speech, he used all his training to deliver another memorable Cold War moment.
“General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, if you seek liberalization: Come here to this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!”
There is only one Ronald Reagan, and there is only one Barbara Corcoran . She understands how to put an audience at ease with her humor, but she also knows how to make a strong point — she didn’t become a Shark Tank investor by accident.
Barack Obama
(1961 to Present)
The latest to join this list, President Obama’s soaring, sustained oratory can be extremely powerful when he chooses to harnesses his full capabilities. His victory address to crowds in Chicago after his historic election was widely regarded as one of the finest speeches in modern politics.
“If there is anyone out there who still doubts America is a place where all things are possible, who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time, who still questions the power of our democracy – tonight is your answer.”
Sticking with politics, but not being political, we know that a huge part of being a president is about networking and creating great opportunities. Laura Schwartz , the former White House Director of Events, has done just that. In her message, all things are possible, it’s up to us to make things happen.
————————————————————————————————————————————
A Note on the Top Historic Orators
It was in Ancient Greece during a period considered the “Golden Age of Eloquence” that the great tradition of oration burst forth on that nation’s political stage and debate would never be the same. While the statesman, general, and master orator Pericles is largely credited with delivering the first great speech to be written and prepared for the public, it was a stutterer who is remembered as the greatest orator Greece ever produced, and perhaps the greatest the world has ever known.
In the 4th century BC, Demosthenes was cured of his speech impediment, in part, through the now seemingly archaic practice of placing pebbles in the stutterer’s mouth; a practice still employed nearly 2,400 years later, as showcased in the recent Academy Award winning film The King’s Speech.
The story of Demosthenes, and later King George VI, suggests something that every great orator knows: The art of public speaking can be learned and the techniques of oratory are teachable.
The following 10 noted speakers understood this more than most.
————————————————————————————————————————————
For more information about how inspiring speakers like these can impact your event, contact Eagles Talent Speakers Bureau at 1.800.345.5607 or email us at: [email protected]
————————————————————————————————————————————–
About Sheldon Senek
Sheldon Senek is the Executive Vice President of Eagles Talent Speakers Bureau and writes about expert keynote speakers and Motivational Speakers , as well as tips for corporate meeting planners. Connect with me on Google Plus
Exactly what honestly inspired you to compose “Top 10 Greatest Orators | Speakers Who Inspire |
Eagles Talent Speakers Bureau | Eagles Talent Speakers Bureau”?
I really loved the blog post! Thanks -Troy
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Which circle of latitude divides the Earth’s Southern and Northern Hemispheres? | Top 10 Greatest Orators Provide Groundwork for Today’s Motivational Speakers | Eagles Talent Speakers Bureau
Eagles Talent Speakers Bureau
Advanced Search Select and Show Results
Must Have:
Posted on May 17, 2011 by Sheldon Senek
As a Speakers Bureau , Eagles Talent has the expertise in identifying top motivational speakers . We understand all the tangibles needed to be a successful speaker. Below, we study some of the most influential speakers (from ancient history to today) and note the common thread that makes professional keynote speakers successful. If there’s one thing that hasn’t changed in speaking, it’s the mission of a presenter: create positive change (through content, inspiration, or entertainment).
Pericles
(495 – 429 BC)
His famed Funeral Oration is significant because it departed from the typical formula of Athenian funeral speeches, and instead was a glorification of Athens’ achievements designed to stir the spirits of a nation at war. A noted speaker before this speech, Pericles essentially redefined the public speech.
David Trumble is a well-respected artist who is an out-of-the-box thinker (like Pericles was) and speaker. He approaches topics, like his art, from a unique point of view–which makes us redefine our lives (personally and professionally).
Demosthenes
(384–322 BC)
After conquering his stuttering affliction, Demosthenes begins a lengthy process of studying the speeches of previous Greek orators, including Pericles. In his most famous speech as an official orator of Greece, he warns against Philip – the Macedonian king and father of Alexander the Great – as he sets out to conquer Greece. Three orations against Philip, known as the Philippics, were so heated and bitter that today a severe speech denouncing someone is called a Philippic.
While we won’t provide a speaker who denounces someone, it’s good to point out the speakers who can be philosophical and predict what our future looks like. An example of this is Mike Walsh (futurist speaker).
Winston Churchill
(1874 –1965)
As a young army officer stationed in India in 1897 Churchill wrote: “Of all the talents bestowed upon men, none is so precious as the gift of oratory.” And he never forgot it.
His speeches in 1940 at the outset of World War II cemented his reputation as one of the greatest orators in history. In an effort to boost public moral during the war, Churchill delivered one of his most stirring speeches to Parliament on June 18, 1940.
Referring to Hitler and the looming Nazi threat, Churchill laid out the facts in the clearest of manners. “If we can stand up to him, all Europe may be free . . . But if we fail, then the whole world, including the United States . . . will sink into the abyss of a new Dark Age. Let us therefore brace ourselves to our duties, and so bear ourselves that, if the British Empire and Commonwealth last for a thousand years, men will say, ‘This was their finest hour.’” Wow!
While Churchill boosted public moral, Mike Abrashoff , was the Commander of the USS Benfold, where he turned a sub-performing ship to one of the best in the fleet.
Mohandas Gandhi
(1869 –1948)
The Quit India speech made by Mahatma Gandhi on August 8, 1942 called for a determined but passive resistance against England’s continued occupation of the country.
The speech is considered a masterful work for both its ability to motivate and its effective message of nonviolence. More than two decades later Martin Luther King, Jr., would return to many of the themes in Gandhi’s speech with his
I Have a Dream speech that promoted nonviolence and equality of races.
From nonviolence to promoting happiness. Take a listen to John C. Havens . How do we become happier — more importantly, how can you measure it? Could you imagine if Gandhi was able to measure nonviolence in an app?
——————————————————-
Looking for today’s top orators to present for your group? You’re in the right place. Our connection with today’s most celebrated keynote speakers (business thought leaders, inspirational speakers, sports speakers, and more) is unmatched. For more information about how motivational speakers like these can impact your event, contact Eagles Talent at 1.800.345.5607 or email us at: [email protected]
——————————————————-
John F. Kennedy
(1917 – 1963)
Perhaps President’s Kennedy’s finest oration moment was his Ich Bin Ein Berliner speech – a notable moment of the Cold War. Delivered in front of the Berlin Wall in 1963, the speech provided a morale boost for West Berliners who feared an imminent East German occupation.
“Two thousand years ago the proudest boast was civis Romanus sum [I am a Roman citizen]. Today, in the world of freedom, the proudest boast is ‘Ich bin ein Berliner!’… All free men, wherever they may live, are citizens of Berlin, and, therefore, as a free man, I take pride in the words ‘Ich bin ein Berliner!’
Okay, so technical speaking what JFK told those German’s that summer day nearly 50 years ago actually meant: “I am a Jelly Donut” (No kidding, look it up). However, the crowd understood what the young president was speaking about and so did the Soviet Union.
JFK perfected the tone of leadership, that’s a quality you’ll find when you watch Mark Thompson . After all, Mark worked with some of the great business leaders of our time: Sir Richard Branson, Charles Schwab, and Steve Jobs.
Nelson Mandela
(1918 – Present)
The son of a tribal chieftain, Nelson Mandela joined the African National Congress in 1944. He was arrested in 1962 and charged with the capital crimes of sabotage and crimes that were equivalent to treason in Apartheid area South Africa. He delivered a defiant speech during his trial that is still a powerful reminder of equality and justice that should be required reading in schools today.
“During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to this struggle of the African people. I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.” He spent the next 27 years in prison.
Here’s a speaker who embraces the spirit of Nelson Mandela — doing something bigger than yourself. Doc Hendley saw a problem with contaminated water being one of the highest causes of death. He did something about it, one location at a time.
Martin Luther King Jr.
(1929 –1968)
Perhaps one of the most quoted and well known speeches in American history, Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream’” speech (now celebrating the 50th year anniversary of this speech) at Lincoln Memorial called for racial equality and an end to discrimination. The Civil Rights leader honed his speaking skills in churches, public meeting halls and demonstrations during this volatile era.
“I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.”
Simple, clear, powerful.
By no means do we draw any comparisons to the great Martin Luther King, Jr., his style of speaking is all about passion. The first speaker we think of when we think passion is Walter Bond . He has such a love for speaking and having his attendees wanting to be a better person.
Ronald Reagan
(1911 – 2004)
They called him “The Great Communicator” and it helped that President Reagan was a former actor, but the future president sharpened his public speaking skills as a spokesman for General Electric Theater. It was here that he embarked on speaking tours of General Electric plants throughout the country that would help shape his political ideology as well as his oratory skills.
In his 1987 “Tear Down This Wall’ speech, he used all his training to deliver another memorable Cold War moment.
“General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, if you seek liberalization: Come here to this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!”
There is only one Ronald Reagan, and there is only one Barbara Corcoran . She understands how to put an audience at ease with her humor, but she also knows how to make a strong point — she didn’t become a Shark Tank investor by accident.
Barack Obama
(1961 to Present)
The latest to join this list, President Obama’s soaring, sustained oratory can be extremely powerful when he chooses to harnesses his full capabilities. His victory address to crowds in Chicago after his historic election was widely regarded as one of the finest speeches in modern politics.
“If there is anyone out there who still doubts America is a place where all things are possible, who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time, who still questions the power of our democracy – tonight is your answer.”
Sticking with politics, but not being political, we know that a huge part of being a president is about networking and creating great opportunities. Laura Schwartz , the former White House Director of Events, has done just that. In her message, all things are possible, it’s up to us to make things happen.
————————————————————————————————————————————
A Note on the Top Historic Orators
It was in Ancient Greece during a period considered the “Golden Age of Eloquence” that the great tradition of oration burst forth on that nation’s political stage and debate would never be the same. While the statesman, general, and master orator Pericles is largely credited with delivering the first great speech to be written and prepared for the public, it was a stutterer who is remembered as the greatest orator Greece ever produced, and perhaps the greatest the world has ever known.
In the 4th century BC, Demosthenes was cured of his speech impediment, in part, through the now seemingly archaic practice of placing pebbles in the stutterer’s mouth; a practice still employed nearly 2,400 years later, as showcased in the recent Academy Award winning film The King’s Speech.
The story of Demosthenes, and later King George VI, suggests something that every great orator knows: The art of public speaking can be learned and the techniques of oratory are teachable.
The following 10 noted speakers understood this more than most.
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About Sheldon Senek
Sheldon Senek is the Executive Vice President of Eagles Talent Speakers Bureau and writes about expert keynote speakers and Motivational Speakers , as well as tips for corporate meeting planners. Connect with me on Google Plus
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In which European country is Lake Pielinen? | Lake Pielinen | lake, Finland | Britannica.com
Lake Pielinen
Lake Geneva
Lake Pielinen, Finnish Pielisjärvi, lake located in eastern Finland , near the border with Russia . The lake is approximately 60 mi (100 km) long between the towns of Nurmes and Uimaharju and ranges from 1 to 25 mi (1.5 to 40 km) in width. Its area is 335 sq mi (868 sq km). Lake Pielinen has many islands and is drained southward into the large Saimaa lake system by the Pielis River. It is surrounded by dense forests, particularly on its scenic and rugged western shore, which is capped by Koli hill; the latter rises to a height of 1,138 ft (347 m) and is the centre of an important winter-sports area. There is a ferry service on the lake during summer and an ice-road during winter.
Sunset on Lake Pielinen, Fin.
Paul Lenz
Finland
country located in northern Europe. Finland is one of the world’s most northern and geographically remote countries and is subject to a severe climate. Nearly two-thirds of Finland is blanketed by thick woodlands, making it the most densely forested country in Europe. Finland also forms a...
Lake Saimaa
lake in southeastern Finland. It lies just northwest of the Russian border and is northeast of Helsinki. It has an area of 443 sq mi (1,147 sq km) and is the primary lake in the Great Saimaa lake system, which, at 1,690 sq mi (4,377 sq km), is the largest system in Finland. The lake’s two...
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Date Published: September 07, 2006
URL: https://www.britannica.com/place/Lake-Pielinen
Access Date: January 18, 2017
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‘Gramen’ is the Latin name for which plant? | Geography of Finland, Landforms - World Atlas
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During the last Ice Age, Finland was covered by a thick layer of ice. When that ice sheet retreated (or melted) about 10,000 years ago, it gouged the surface of the land and left in its wake innumerable islands, rivers and streams, as well as an estimated 188,000 lakes. Note that near 60,000 of those lakes measure more than 200 meters wide.
Finland is a mostly flat land, with more than 70% of it covered by thick forest. In the southern areas, water seems a more common sight than land as countless clear water lakes are everywhere.
To the north of the Arctic Circle, the terrain rises into the hills and low mountains of Lapland. The country's highest point, Haltiatunturi, at 1,328 meters, stands on the edge of its border with Norway.
The Aland Islands (archipelago) sits in the middle of the Gulf of Bothnia between Finland and Sweden. It contains almost three hundred islands (80 inhabited), and over 6,000 small (tiny) rocky islands.
Directly east, in the Archipelago Sea and merging with the Aland Islands and Finland's southwestern coastline stand literally tens of thousands of islands, mostly small, with some of the larger ones inhabited.
In this land of lakes, the largest include Nasijarv, Oulujarvi, Paijanne, Pielinen and Finland's largest, Lake Saimaa. With a few exceptions, the balance of Finland's lakes are on the small side.
Finland's most significant rivers include the Kemi, Luiro, Muonio, Oulu, Teno and Torne.
Numerous canals flow lake to lake in the south. The largest, the Saimaa Canal, connects Lake Saimaa with the Gulf of Finland.
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In Britain, who is traditionally first to make a speech at a wedding? | Marriage and Weddings in the UK - British Culture - British Customs and Traditions in May
Ringbearer - an attendant, often a young boy, who carries the wedding rings.
Ushers - helpers, usually men, who assist with the organization.
For the groom:-
Best man - a close male friend or relative of the groom, given a place of honour.
Groomsmen - one or more male attendants who support the groom.
For the bride:-
Maid of honour - a close female friend or relative of the bride, given a place of honour. If she is married, she is called the "matron of honour" instead.
Bridesmaids - one or more female attendants who support the bride.
Father of the Bride - One who symbolically "gives away" the bride. If her father is deceased or otherwise unavailable, another male relative, often an uncle or brother, will give the bride away.
Flower girl - a young girl who scatters flowers in front of the bridal party.
Junior Bridesmaids - young girl typically between the ages of 8 and 16 who is too old to be a flowergirl, but the bride wants to be a part of the wedding.
Wedding guests are generally sent invitations to which they are expected to reply (rsvp). The guests are generally invited to both the wedding and the wedding reception afterwards, although sometimes reception places are limited. Often certain people are invited due to perceived family obligations, as to not receive an invitation can be considered an insult.
The Wedding Ceremony
A bride's wedding day is often touted as "the happiest day of her life", but in all honesty it's often a very stressful experience as there are lots of conventions surrounding the whole thing and you can get caught up in family rows, and trying to please everyone. Still it's a good test of a couple's fortitude.
When the guests arrive for a wedding the ushers' duty is to hand out the correct books, flowers and the order of service, they also ensure the guests are seated in the correct places. Traditionally, the side on which people sit depends on whether they are friends or family of the bride or of the groom. The front rows are generally reserved for close family or friends, with the very first seats reserved for the bridal party. However, in many ceremonies the bridal party will remain standing at the altar during the ceremony along with the bride and groom.
The groom and his best man wait inside the church for the arrival of the bride and her "entourage".
This entourage generally arrives in elegant cars or in horse-drawn coaches, specially hired for the occasion. The bride's entourage normally consists of the bride, the bride's father and all the various bridesmaids, maids of honour, sometimes flower girls and page boys attend her. The page boy's task is often to carry the wedding rings on a cushion.
The ushers and/or groomsmen escort the grandparents of the bride and groom to their seats.
The ushers and/or groomsmen escort the mother of the groom and mother of the bride to their seats.
The bridesmaids enter, escorted by the groomsmen.
The maid or matron of honour enters, either by herself or escorted by the best man.
The ringbearer or page boy enters.
The flower girl enters. (In some ceremonies, the ringbearer will accompany the flower girl.)
The bride then proceeds down the aisle, escorted by her father, to the accompaniment of music (usually the wedding march, often called "Here comes the bride"), and the ceremony starts.
During the ceremony the bride and groom make their marriage vows. Marriage vows are promises a couple makes to each other during a wedding ceremony. In Western culture, these promises have traditionally included the notions of affection ("love, comfort, keep"), faithfulness ("forsaking all others"), unconditionality ("for richer or for poorer", "in sickness and in health"), and permanence ("as long as we both shall live", "until death do us part").
Most wedding vows are taken from traditional religious ceremonies, but nowadays in the UK many couples choose touching love poems or lyrics from a love song revised as wedding vows and some couples even choose to write their own vows, rather than relying on standard ones spoken by the celebrant (registrar, priest or vicar).
After the vows have been spoken the couple exchange rings. The wedding ring is placed on the third finger of the left hand, also called the "ring" finger. The wedding ring is usually a plain gold ring. I was once told that the third finger was chosen because in the past people believed a vein ran from that finger, straight to the heart - modern anatomy books havel put paid to that theory though.
After the wedding ceremony, the bride, groom, officiant, and two witnesses generally go off to a side room to sign the wedding register. Without this the marriage is not legal and a wedding certificate cannot be issued.
Afterward, guests file out to throw flower petals, confetti, birdseed, or rice (uncooked for obvious reasons) over the newly-married couple for good luck.
The bride stands with her back to all the guests and throws her bouquet over her head to them. Whoever catches the bouquet is the next person to get married. I don't know if this has ever been scientifically tested, but it can result in a very unseemly scramble, reminiscent of rugby scrums.
Finally, a photo session ensues of the couple leaving the church, and everyone has to stand around to form formal groups for the photo album. A lot of people video the whole thing, which can be good for a laugh on YouTube.
Nice Day for a White Wedding
In the past Wednesday was considered the most auspicious day to get married, as shown in this old rhyme, which seems to favour the first half of the week.
Monday for wealth,
Friday for crosses,
Saturday for no luck at all.
Nowadays, most weddings take place on a Saturday, which might account for the rise in divorce rates.
The Clothing
The Western custom of a bride wearing a white wedding dress, came to symbolize purity in the Victorian era (despite popular misconception and the hackneyed jokes of situation comedies, the white dress did not indicate virginity, this was symbolized by a face veil). In the past the veil was worn to confuse any evil spirits.
There's another rhyme that affects what the bride wears:-
"Something old,
Something borrowed,
Something blue."
Often the bride will wear an heirloom, or maybe carry a family bible or prayer book, the dress of course is usually the something new, and they will borrow something from someone to wear. The something blue can be difficult, but a lot of brides get round this by wearing a blue garter under their dress.
Within the "white wedding" tradition, a white dress and veil would not have been considered appropriate in the second or third wedding of a widow or divorcee. Nowadays it really isn't an issue.
Before the white wedding dress became "traditional" an old poem (which seems to favour blue) sang the praises or woes of various colour choices.
“Married in white, you will have chosen all right.
Married in grey, you will go far away.
Married in black, you will wish yourself back.
Married in red, you’ll wish yourself dead.
Married in blue, you will always be true.
Married in pearl, you’ll live in a whirl.
Married in green, ashamed to be seen,
Married in yellow, ashamed of the fellow.
Married in brown, you’ll live out of town.
Married in pink, your spirits will sink."
The average price of a traditional white wedding dress is around £826.
In the Middle Ages, bridesmaids used to wear the same outift as the bride. This was to confuse any evil spirits who wished the bride harm. Nowadays they are more likely to be dressed in such a way as to scare any evil spirits away, after all no bride wants to be outshone on the big day.
The reception
After the ceremony there is usally a reception at which the married couple, the couple's parents, the best man and the wedding entourage greet each of the guests. At such events it is traditional to eat and drink - a lot.
During the reception a number of speeches and/or toasts are given in honour of the couple.
Any dancing is commonly started by the bride and groom, usually termed the "Bridal Waltz", but dancing an actual waltz is comparatively rare - often the couple chooses their favourite piece of music or a song.
An arranged dance between the bride and her father is also traditional. Sometimes the groom will cut in halfway through the dance, symbolizing the bride leaving her father and joining her new husband.
At some point the married couple may become the object of a charivari, a good-natured hazing of the newly-married couple. While this is most familiar in the form of tying tin cans to the bumper of the couple's car, or spraying shaving cream on the windows, some of the pranks can be far more malicious. The worst one I've ever heard of is when the bride and groom returned from honeymoon to find their front door had been bricked over.
The final tradition is the newly married couple to set off for their honeymoon.
Have your cake and eat it
At the wedding reception an elaborate, tiered, wedding cake is often served. Traditionally this is a fruit cake. Often there are a couple of little figures on top of the cake, normally they are a representation of the bride and groom in formal wedding attire.
It is considered lucky for the couple to cut the cake together. It symbolises them working together during their marriage. A tier is usually stored, and eaten by the couple at their first wedding anniversary, or at the christening of their first child. The cake can be frozen and if the top tier of the cake is fruitcake, it can be stored for a long time, because it's so full of sugar (and often alcohol) that it's very well preserved.
People who were invited to the wedding, but were unable to attend are often sent a piece of cake in a small box, as a memento.
One superstition is that unmarried guests should place a piece of wedding cake under their pillow, as it will increase their prospects of finding a partner. Bridesmaids who do so will supposedly dream of their future husbands, which must make Johnny Depp a potential bigamist.
British Wedding Traditions
The happy couple toast each other. (This has nothing to do with sliced bread.)
The newlyweds have the fiirst dance.
The couple cut the cake together, this symbolizes their first meal as husband and wife ( see above ).
The bride may throw her bouquet to the assembled group of all unmarried women in attendance, with folklore suggesting the person who catches it will be the next to wed.
(A fairly recent equivalent has the groom throwing the bride's garter to the assembled unmarried men; the man who catches it is supposedly the next to wed.)
It is usual for the couple to go away on holiday together. This is called the honeymoon.
On arriving back home it is traditional for the husband to carry his wife into their new home. This is called carrying the bride over the threshold.
The Cost of Getting Married in the UK
In 2004 the average wedding in the UK cost £16,000, and prices have risen since then, by 2012 it stood at £18,500, and according to Brides Magazine in 2015, it is a whopping £24,716! Of course there is no need to get caught up in Competitive Wedding Syndrome, none of it is actually necessary. You can simply get married and live happily ever after.
| bride s father |
In the British royal family, who did Prince Andrew marry in 1986? | Wedding Etiquette and Traditions
Wedding Etiquette and Traditions
Confused about wedding etiquette? Wondering which traditions to keep and which to ignore? Don’t worry – we’ve got you covered! From meaningful traditions to strange superstitions, here’s absolutely everything you need to know before your big day.
Walking down the aisle – who goes first?
According to tradition and etiquette, the bride and groom should lead on the way up to the aisle after the ceremony. They should then be followed by bridesmaids and pageboys, the best man with the maid of honour, the bride’s mother with the groom’s father and then the groom’s mother with the bride’s father.
How do we start the first dance?
In a traditional wedding, the bride and groom should start off dancing together, then the groom should dance with his new mother-in-law, then his own mother. At the same time, the bride should dance with her new father-in-law and then with her father. The best man should join the dancing, with the maid of honour or chief bridesmaid when the newlyweds first break apart to dance with their in-laws.The rest of the ushers and bridesmaids are also invited to the dance floor at this time. Once the song has finished, all the guests are invited to join the party on the dance floor.
Want to follow tradition?
There are many traditions associated with marriage, and in the past a wedding was seen as a time when people were very open to bad luck and evil spirits. These superstitions began many years ago, and lots are now ignored, but lots of brides choose to honour some traditions that are supposed to bring them good luck. For example, some brides choose to wear something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue on their big day! Another tradition that is supposed to bring good luck is the bride and groom not seeing each other before the ceremony. However, many couples choose to ignore this tradition so they can do a private ‘first look’ before the official ceremony.
Who gives the speeches?
Wedding etiquette dictates that speeches should be made by the father of the bride, the groom and the best man, in that order. They should try to remember to thank everyone for coming to the wedding, and toast to the bride and groom. Nowadays, it’s very common for the bride to make a speech as well.
What lucky signs should I look out for on my big day?
According to tradition, it is supposed to be good luck for the bride to meet a lamb, dove, spider or black cat on her way to the church. But if she sees a pig or a funeral on her way, these are seen to be bad omens. It is also considered fortunate for the bride to see a policeman, clergyman, doctor, or blind man on the way to the church.
When should I throw the bouquet?
The custom of the bride throwing her bouquet shoulder was originally performed by her throwing one of her shoes over her shoulder. After the reception the bride throws her bouquet back over her shoulder where the unmarried female guest group together. Tradition states that the one who catches the bouquet will be the next one of those present to marry.
Did you know about these strange superstitions?
There is a tradition which says that if a bride wishes to be the dominating influence in her married life, she must be the first to buy something after the wedding. The best way to ensure this is to buy a pin from the chief bridesmaid when changing into her travelling costume. Although most weddings now take place on Saturdays, it was once considered an unlucky day to get married. Fridays were also considered unlucky, partially because of Friday 13th. A famous old rhyme advises that a wedding should take place during the first half of the week, saying that Monday brings “wealth”, Tuesday brings “health” and Wednesday is the “best day of all”.
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The 1972 film ‘The Man of La Mancha’ is based on which fictional character? | Man of La Mancha (1972) - Full Cast & Crew - IMDb
Man of La Mancha (1972)
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Goodwood Race Course is in which English county? | Man of La Mancha Review 1972 | Movie Review | Contactmusic.com
Man of La Mancha Review
By Christopher Null
The translation from theatrical musical to movie musical doesn't get much more disastrous than in Man of La Mancha, a cheap, muddled, and badly put-together debacle that resoundingly establishes Arthur Hiller (who directed Love Story and Silver Streak) as one of cinema's most hit-and-miss directors.
La Mancha adapts the stage play with Peter O'Toole in the lead as both Don Quixote and Miguel de Cervantes: Cervantes is imprisoned by the Spanish Inquisition, finds his papers held ransom by his fellow inmates, and given a mock trial by them in order to determine whether they shall be returned. The trial takes the form of a reenactment of Don Quixote, Cervantes' adventurous tales of his alter ego. As the delusional Quixote, O'Toole jousts with a windmill and promptly rides to a nearby village, which he believes to be a castle holding his beloved Dulcinea ( Sophia Loren ). By his side is the lovable chubster Sancho Panza ( James Coco ), who sees the reality behind Quixote's grandiose delusions but finds himself taken in by them as well.
Too bad this comes across like the jumbled mess that it is. Where to start? For starters, the twin stories don't hang together at all. In trying to build shades of reality, Hiller fails at creating a single interesting tale. The epic Quixote is reduced to a one-note gag, with O'Toole's Quixote chasing around Dulcinea like a fool. He thinks she's a virtuous lady; in reality she's Aldonza, the local whore. O'Toole plays Quixote like a wide-eyed kid at Christmas, refusing to hear anything contrary to his skewed worldview, while everyone around him simply tells him he's an idiot. O'Toole doesn't fit the mold of his character at all (and his singing voice had to be dubbed over), and the ridiculous prosthetics applied to make him look older and/or Spanish are some of the worst in cinematic history.
O'Toole's supporting cast is equally at fault. Loren is fair enough playing a prostitute, but James Coco (playing Sancho) is about as Spanish as a plate of sashimi. He giggles his way through the movie with a New Jersey accent, looking like something between a guy ready to head out for a meatball sub at any moment and Frankenstein's Igor.
As for the music, La Mancha is hardly one of Broadway's musical milestones (how it played for nearly 3,000 showings is a mystery to me), and its centerpiece numbers -- "The Impossible Dream" and the title track -- are memorable ditties. Unfortunately the remainder of the songs vary from tepid to awful, with some tracks, like Coco's "Little Gossip" trimmed to three or four lines. Mercifully, if you ask me.
Finally, the whole movie looks embarassingly underproduced. Is Hiller making a statement about the gaudiness of big-budget musical contemporaries like Fiddler on the Roof? If he is, it isn't much of one.
Truly, an impossible dream.
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What is the name of the village fishmonger in the ‘Asterix’ series of cartoons? | Asterix - The A to Z of Asterix - Characters - Fulliautomatix
The A to Z of Asterix
An informed music lover concerned with protecting his friends� hearing and a fish hygiene expert
Citizenship : Gaul
French name : C�tautomatix
German name : Automatix
Italian name : Automatix
Portugese name : �automatix
Ever since he first appeared in Asterix the Gaul , to the astonishment of �Caliguliminix� who finds him forging metal with his bare hands, Fulliautomatix has changed his look dramatically, changing from a plump blond Gallic look to a more haughty bearing that he proudly drapes with his legendary leather apron. More than any other character, he demonstrates the perfectionism of Albert Uderzo, who is constantly improving and refining the drawings of his characters.
But when it comes to personality, Fulliautomatix has remained true to himself, a thick-skinned brute who carefully conceals any finer qualities and whose only method of communication is by hitting out either physically or verbally at everything around. To be sure, his actions, and the motions that Albert Uderzo often sketches for his right arm, can make him seem like a machine with no purpose other than hammering. But his words, and unhelpful criticism, also relentlessly pound Cacofonix (�No, you will not sing!�), Geriatrix (�You old relic!�) and, of course, Unhygienix and the fish he brings from Lutetia.
Most importantly, he is always the one to warn his friends about the dubious freshness of the fish sold by the vendor across the street. It�s a good bet that the authors were inspired by the American Western movie cult of the fifties they so admire for the festive atmosphere of the village brawls set off by Fulliautomatix!
| List of Asterix characters |
The ‘Senior Service’ is the nickname for which of the British Armed Forces? | Asterix - All The Tropes
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These Tropers are crazy! (Ils sont fous ces tropeurs!)
The year is 50 B.C. Gaul is entirely occupied by the Romans. Well, not entirely... One small village of indomitable Gauls still holds out against the invaders. And life is not easy for the Roman legionaries who garrison the fortified camps of Totorum, Aquarium, Laudanum and Compendium . . .
Astérix is the protagonist of a French comic book series, written by Rene Goscinny and drawn by Albert Uderzo (and both written and drawn by Uderzo after Goscinny's demise in 1977), and now translated into over 100 languages and published around the world.
The Astérix comics take place in the year 50 BC. The Roman Empire has all but conquered continental Europe, except for a few pockets of resistance . One of those pockets of resistance is a small but plucky village in Armorica, Gaul (Brittany, pre-medieval France), which has held back the Romans thanks to a Super Strength -granting magic potion. The village happens to be the home of our hero, a small but plucky Gaul named Astérix. Along with his loveable lug partner, menhir (monolith) delivery-man Obélix (who fell into the cauldron of magic potion when he was a baby, which caused it to have a permanent effect on him), and the other inhabitants of the village (including Chief Vitalstatistix, Getafix the druid (the only person who knows how to make the potion), Fulliautomatix the blacksmith, and Cacofonix the tone-deaf bard), Astérix gets into all manner of adventures, which usually involve foiling the schemes of the Romans (and Caesar himself).
The stories are published as "albums" (the term graphic novel being newer than the series, which began in 1959) and typically alternate between two themes. In many of the books, Astérix, Obélix and Dogmatix, sometimes accompanying or accompanied by another character, go on an adventure somewhere (these are often have titles of the format Astérix in...). These plots allow for the most satire of different cultures and nationalities. In the second type of plot, a new plan by the Romans or an unexpected threat from outside brings danger and excitement to the village. These plots allow character development of the various villagers and their relationships.
Occasionally, a small (and very persistent) band of pirates (a parody of another comic series, Barbe Rouge ) makes a cameo appearance; their ship was scuttled by the potion-enhanced Gauls in an early story -- since that initial appearance, they are usually seen either paddling frantically away from any Gauls they encounter, or coming across the Gaulish warriors during an incidental encounter and getting scuttled—again (or even scuttling their ship themselves to minimize damage).
Part of the appeal of the series is probably the variety of humor, which includes slapstick fight scenes, plenty of wordplay , thinly-veiled social commentary, and Iron Age and Roman antiquity versions of just about every European stereotype you can imagine.
Probably has the best translations of any comic-book ever; they're smart enough to keep the basic story while making new puns in the appropriate language.
Tropes used in Asterix include:
3D Movie : Asterix: The Land of the Gods
Anachronism Stew
The Romans tend to wear segmented plate armor (called lorica segmentata by historians today) whereas it was invented during the Imperial period, after Julius Caesar's time. However, the correct alternatives are also shown (chain mail for legionaries and Greek-style cuirasses or breastplates for officers)
In Asterix and the Golden Sickle, seeing an inn thrashed by Asterix and Obelix, a Roman compares it to Pompei ... which won't be destroyed before another century.
For example, Astérix and the Banquet has a mail wagon with the modern logo of La Poste . The Michelin Man also appears in the international version of Astérix in Switzerland (replacing the Gaulish warrior-like mascot of French service station Antar in the original French version).
Astérix is once seen slicing potatoes (and the legionaries peeling them) in a time period when they hadn't been introduced to Europe yet. (Potatoes didn't reach Europe until the 15th century)
Astérix in Britain shows a sequence of Astérix peeling potatoes; this is addressed in the audio book adaptation read by Willie Rushton, which includes a brief sequence describing an occasion when Astérix and Obélix accidentally discovered the New World in one of their sea voyages, discovered the tubers, and decided to bring them back to the village.
In Astérix in Belgium, we witness the invention of French (actually Belgian) fries.
During their voyage to Palestine in Astérix and the Black Gold, Astérix and Obélix are seen leaving Jerusalem by the Lions' Gate: this gate wasn't built until AD 1517.
The Flavian Amphitheatre, also known as the Colosseum, which features in Asterix the Gladiator and some animated adaptations (notably the one where Asterix and Obelix become gladiators), wasn't built until 70 AD.
The Gothic footsoldiers in Asterix and the Goths sing about Alaric leading the Visigoths to Rome, which didn't happen till the end of the Roman Empire.
Animated Adaptation : Eight of them so far, of varying quality. Technically only seven are straight-up adaptations; The Twelve Tasks of Astérix is the only Astérix film so far (live-action films included) to have been written directly for the screen.
Sometime in the early 2000s there were ideas for a weekly Asterix series but Uderzo refused - he didn't want the character to become a recurring TV hero.
Anti-Villain : Julius Caesar , who is often treated surprisingly sympathetically as a man of honor, though in a few stories he is clearly a Magnificent Bastard .
His portrayal was based on how he appears in the Commentaries on the Gallic Wars, required reading for Latin students back when everyone did Latin at school.
Art Evolution : Take a look at the earliest appearance of Astérix and Obélix in Astérix the Gaul. Now pick your jaw up off the floor. Happened again with the movies -- from Astérix Versus Caesar onwards, they were of much better animation quality, and it happened again with Astérix and the Vikings. They had shading, for Toutatis' sake! Shading!
A bit of it happens even within the very first book. Take a look at Caesar in the first page of Astérix the Gaul, then flip to his appearance in the last two pages. Notice some little differences?
As Long as It Sounds Foreign : The Native American dialogue in Astérix Conquers America is a random assortment of North American place names that were taken from various Native American languages, resulting in quotes such as "Minnesota Manitoba. Miami!"
As You Know : Seems like once a book , they have to remind us that Obélix isn't allowed to drink any magic potion because he fell into a cauldron full of the stuff when he was a baby. Eventually turned into a Running Gag (even Lampshading it, with Obélix remarking "We'll never hear the end of it!").
To the point that the expression "il est tombé dedans quand il était petit" i.e. "he fell into it when he was a child", meaning that someone found his calling/passion/hobby while very young, has become very common in French.
In some of the later books, such as Astérix in Spain, when the subject of the potion comes up Obélix just grumbles, "Of course I don't get any because gnagna gnak... ", counting on the reader to know the now-familiar backstory.
Badass Mustache : About all the Gauls, and they're damn proud of them.
Badass Normal : The Vikings. They can go toe to toe with Astérix and Obélix, even with the latter having drunk magic potion.
Berserk Button
Don't call Obélix fat. Or hurt his canine pet, Dogmatix. Or Astérix .
While we're at it, never harm a tree in front of Dogmatix, either, or you'll be facing double jeopardy: The little canine will sink his teeth into your buttocks, after which Obélix will bash your face in for upsetting his dog.
Cacofonix's singing acts as a Universal Berserk Button for the entire village, too. Especially Fulliautomatix.
Geriatrix may be a feeble old guy, but make ga-ga eyes at his young hot wife, and he might stick his walking stick up where the sun don't shine.
Also, do NOT call him old. He's only 93!
Don't ever mention the Gaulish Village that still holds out against the invaders (or its invincible occupants) in front of Julius Caesar . You will find yourself in the circus - and in those days that didn't mean trapezes and clowns.
Or you'll end up leading a military expedition against this village. Most generals would prefer the circus.
Hurting either Astérix or Obélix is equal to signing your own get-thumped-in-the-face-by-the-other warrant.
For that matter, steer clear of the whole village, just to be on the safe side. The Gauls will send their two best warriors to hunt you down to the ends of the Earth.
Don't mention Alésia (the last stand of the Gauls).
Never criticize the freshness or aroma of Unhygienix's fish. Since a lot of the gauls will agree with you, and they fight rather chaotically, doing this almost guarantees the Big Ball of Violence . Lampshaded in Astérix and the Soothsayer, where the soothsayer was able to appear prescient by predicting a fight, and two happened minutes later (over the freshness of the fish whose entrails he had been reading).
A big part of all the humor in the series, really. Especially Astérix and the Roman Agent (which could be called A Guide To Berserk Buttons In The Astérix Universe).
Big Ball of Violence : Liable to get big indeed when the whole village gets involved in the fight.
Big Guy, Little Guy : Obélix and Astérix.
Big Little Man : In The Twelve Tasks of Astérix, one of the tasks is to fight Cilindric the German. Astérix and Obélix are taken to an arena where there's an enormous pair of doors...which open to reveal a very short judo expert.
Bilingual Bonus : A great many names. For example, the character Okéibos, an athlete with a thuggish appearance is " Okay boss " in a French accent.
The original French versions are a delight to those who can read the language: the characterizations and use of language speaks volumes about how sophisticated metropolitan Paris views the French regions, and how the French view their neighbors around Europe. This is done in ways which are not obvious or signposted in the translations. Regional dialects around France are signaled by variant more phonetic French in the captions; Languedoc is treated as carrot-crunching yokel country, for instance, and the appalling ways France's neighbors mangle the language is depicted in tortured and fractured French in the captions. A parallel would be the accents and intonations used in WW 2 comedy Allo, Allo.
The Blacksmith : Fulliautomatix
Blood Knight : The entire village. The definition gets more complicated when one notices that, without the magic potion, they are very reluctant to fight. They seem to like a Curb Stomp Battle more than a real fight...
They seem to love real fights too. Just look how their arguments about the fishes usually ends up. The reason why they become so reluctant about fighting when they're out the magic potion is because they know they don't stand a chance against the highly-trained and highly-armored Roman army without it.
The one who really enjoys a fight is Obélix. Since the effects of the potion are permanent on him, he may seem just a big bully, but in his twisted, childish way he seems to genuinely appreciate the legionnaires he beats up. Also, in one particular issue, the Romans managed to get a hold of a cauldron of magic potion. Obélix seemed more eager to fight than ever.
In fact, most of the "barbarian" peoples seen apply as a rule, being various shades of fight-happy Proud Warrior Race Guys just itching to pummel somebody into paste at the slightest excuse (usually roman legionnaires ).
Bloodless Carnage : No matter how many swords and axes are carried into battle, the Gauls will always knock out the Romans with their fists.
Blood Sport : Rugby , as described in Astérix in Britain, is a very simple game: "Each team may do just about anything to bring the ball behind the other team's goal line. The use of weapons is prohibited, unless agreed in advance." And it gets even more violent when magic potion is involved.
The gladiatorial scenes, obviously.
Book Ends : Subverted. Many fans got the impression that Astérix and the Falling Sky was going to be the last album since the cover is remarkably similar to that of Astérix the Gaul, mirror-reflected. Uderzo then stated it was not the case -- and a short story collection, Astérix and Obélix's Birthday: The Golden Book appeared in 2009.
Bound and Gagged : Near guaranteed to happen to Cacofonix at the end of every book starting with Astérix and the Golden Sickle (the second book in the original French).
With Cacofonix, this trope is usually subverted or averted if he does something good, or if the plot of the story bears greater precedence. Examples of subversions include Astérix and the Normans, where Fulliautomatix is tied up because Cacofonix taught the Normans what they set out to learn—fear; and Astérix and the Chieftain's Shield, where instead, Vitalstatistix has had to abstain under threat of violence from his wife. Examples of complete aversions include The Mansions of the Gods, in honor of his role in clearing the tenants out of the eponymous apartment block; Astérix at the Olympic Games, although he is clearly nervous about sitting next to Fulliautomatix and his hammer; Astérix and Caesar's Gift, in a reflection of the new sense of unity in the village; and Obélix and Co., where he is buried under a menhir.
Astérix and the Roman Agent is a special case of the series inverting and playing this trope straight. During the first banquet, somewhere in the middle of the book, there's an implied Imagine Spot where Cacofonix is the only person who was not bound and gagged, representing him being the only person completely oblivious to Convovulus' efforts to sow dissent in the Gaulish ranks. In the final banquet, although he is bound and gagged, he is still sitting at the banquet table rather than under his tree or next to his house.
In short, Cacofonix is left unbound and ungagged on an average of once every four books.
Catch Phrase
Obélix's line "These Romans are crazy!", often used by other characters, or with another ethnic group substituted for the Romans. (French: "Ils sont fous ces Romains!") In the Italian translation, it is "Sono pazzi questi Romani", punning on SPQR , the Roman initials.
In Astérix the Legionary, Obélix has to utter "We Romans are crazy!" as they have just joined the Roman army.
In 'Asterix and the Olympic Games' the Gauls suddenly decide to adopt Roman citizenship in order to enter the games causing a nearby Roman to say 'These Romans are crazy!' Later on, when Obelix fails to understand a plan that's been cooked up, he comments 'Since Asterix and Getafix went Roman, they went crazy too'.
The Dutch version has become a fairly well-known phrase outside the albums, due to it sounding rather less conventional and more endearingly comical. It goes "Rare jongens, die Romeinen!", roughly translating to "(What a bunch of) weird guys, those Romans!".
"Who are you calling FAT!?"
Each time the Pirates are scuppered, they ( Barbe Rouge , Pegleg and the black guy) have a similar dialogue as they float in the wreckage berating each other. Generally, Pegleg will make some comment in Latin, the black guy puns on it, and the captain tells the other two to pipe down. Rather hilariously, they actually swap roles at least once.
" 'Join up', they said. 'It's a man's life', they said. "
Captain Obvious : Obélix, very much. "You know, Astérix, I think we've been scammed."
Cat Fight : Subverted and defied. Even though the women in the village are not as battle-happy and quarrelsome as their husbands, if a fight occurs things can get physical . In that case, expect them to use any weapon at hand (fishes, rolling pins, baskets...) to pummel each other senseless. Most times, the men will try to separate them instead of sitting back and watch.
Character Name and the Noun Phrase
Cheaters Never Prosper : Played with in Astérix at the Olympic Games
Cool and Unusual Punishment : in Asterix and Caesar's Gift, a legionary who's about to be discharged and get some land as all veterans at the end of the service is caught insulting Caesar. Caesar punished him with the eponymous gift: THE GAULISH VILLAGE.
It's not the first time Caesar uses them as a punishment: in Asterix in Corsica, he mentions to the Roman governor of Corse that if he fails at bringing the tax income of the island to Rome he'll get reassigned to guard a certain Gaulish village...
Cut a Slice, Take the Rest : In Astérix and Cleopatra, Obélix is asked to cut three slices from the cake. He cuts out two normal-sized slices and takes all the rest as his own piece. ("Well, I did cut three slices, didn't I?")
Since the cake was poisoned (To the point where in the animated version the recipe consists of things that are either toxic, unpleasant, both, and some orange juice - the cake didn't even have eggs or flour in it; also, smoke shaped like skulls come out of Obelix's ears afterwards), it's probably just as well.
Darker and Edgier : Some stories, most notably Astérix and the Laurel Wreath, though it depends a lot on black comedy.
The overall least comedic book in the series has to be Obélix All at Sea. Obélix turns to stone after another overdose of magic potion and there are genuine concerns raised that he may be dead. We get a very depressing scene where Astérix sits by the lifeless Obélix's bed while Getafix unsuccessfully tries to find a cure. The book also includes possibly the only time in the series where Astérix's life is actually put in genuine danger by Roman legionnaires (they knock him unconscious and prepare to throw him overboard while Obélix watches helplessly... at first). As noted below, it's also probably the only instance in any Astérix book where the antagonist dies.
Death Glare : The Corsicans are really good at this.
Deranged Animation : In Astérix et le coup du menhir, when the druid is testing potions in his crazy state on a Roman soldier, the following series of scenes are not only deranged, but also contains crazed human experiments. Said roman was transformed into animals, shrunk down almost to be eaten by a worm and finally forced to float in the air forever.
The cave scenes in the Twelve Tasks.
Did Not Do the Research : This is subverted: the authors did do the research on several matters but they deliberately took some liberties to make the series more entertaining (for instance, they knew that not every Gaulish man had a name ending with "-ix", but Theme Naming is fun).
Dub Name Change : A lot, at least from French to English, most likely to keep the understandable humor of each Punny Name intact. For example:
Assurancetourix → Cacofonix
Panoramix → Getafix (notable as while the name change makes sense since it indicates his role, the original french name would have been just as serviceable in English)
Idéfix → Dogmatix
Cétautomatix → Fulliautomatix
Abraracourcix → Vitalstatistix
It happens in pretty much any translation to different degrees. In Spanish most of the main characters names keep the same phonetic reading, but the spelling is different (The names displayed above are all examples), but when it comes to supporting characters the Spanish translators came up with punny names that followed the same style as the names in the original French (the Gauls names ending with "-ix", the Roman names ending with "-us", and so on).
Dumb Muscle : Played with. Obélix isn't really that dumb, he's just slow, childish and carefree , but has proven to be quite smart on occasion (for example, in Astérix and the Normans, he figured where the absent Cacofonix was, much to everyone's surprise) but he acts as the "dumb" foil to the usually smarter "straight man" that is Astérix.
Occasionally, a straight example of this type will appear as an opponent for Astérix and Obélix.
Early Installment Weirdness : The first album "Asterix the Gaul" had a very oddly drawn Asterix, Obelix, Panoramix and Cacophonix. Obelix doesn't say his famous line "These Romans are crazy" yet and hardly appears in "Asterix the Gaul" at all. Dogmatix is still absent for the first five albums.
In "Asterix and the Goths" the Goths (Germans) are depicted as villains, while later albums show them in a more sympathetic light.
Gentle Giant : Obélix
German Dialects : There isn't almost any that Astérix hasn't been translated into yet. There are even dialect versions of some of the movies.
Getting Crap Past the Radar : Getafix. Only in the English version though, his original name is the innocuous Panoramix.
In Astérix and the Laurel Wreath, Vitalstatistix visits his brother-in-law Homeopathix, whom he dislikes. He gives him one of Obélix's menhires as a "gift", presumably for the Nth time...
Homeopathix: But my dear chap, where am I going to put all these menhirs of yours?
Vitalstatistix: (grinning evilly) You really want me to tell you?
Impedimenta: VITALSTATISTIX!
Giftedly Bad : "The Cacofonix" was one of the proposed titles for this trope.
Gigantic Gulp : Obélix drinks wine straight from the barrel. This combines badly with "Can't Hold His Liquor".
Give Chase With Angry Natives : A boar comes up with a plan to dodge the Gauls: lead them across a Roman patrol.
Homages
In Astérix in Belgium, a full-page panel depicting a banquet is an altered version of Pieter Bruegel the Elder 's painting "The Peasant Wedding".
In another album, the pirate crew recreates " The Raft of the Medusa " after their Nth ship is sunk by the Gauls. "We've been framed, by Jericho !"
Astérix and the Soothsayer manages to sneak a recreation of "The Anatomy Lesson" by Rembrandt.
The whole plot of Astérix and the Banquet was inspired by the Tour de France bicycle race (it even borrows the name for the original French title: Le Tour de Gaule d'Astérix), and uses some plot points from Jules Verne's Around the World in Eighty Days .
Done ad nauseam in the 50th anniversary book.
Honest John's Dealership : Astérix and the Banquet has an used chariot dealer selling Astérix and Obélix a spanking-new ride with a strong black stallion... only problem is, the chariot falls apart within a few minutes, and the strong black stallion turns out to be a weakly white horse painted black, its paint washing off when it starts to rain.
Not to mention based on Obélix's experience, he doesn't appear conscious or aware of his surroundings either.
Surreptitious and Dubbelosix are shown smeared with honey and running from bees in the arena at the end of Asterix and the Black Gold. Though played for laughs, this was a genuine, and cruel, means of execution under some of the later emperors .
Laurensolivius, the avant-garde impresario in Asterix and the Cauldron, was thrown to the lions, as were the legionaries in Asterix and the Goths who mistook Ubiquitus and Monotonus for captured Goths and tried to take the credit.
Leeroy Jenkins : Many times Obélix has wanted to just bash their way through a problem and Astérix has had to convince him to do the smart thing.
Once, Obelix forgot they were there to parley.
Lethal Chef : The Britons and their food boiled with mint sauce.
And their warm beer.
Lightning Bruiser : Obélix. He's strong and nearly invulnerable, but he's also pretty fast. He is occasionally portrayed as being more of a Mighty Glacier , however.
Live Action Adaptation : Three of them so far, most notably featuring Gerard Depardieu as Obelix (other members of the main cast have been changed around often ). They boast high production values and have been successful at the box office, but they have been received mostly poorly by critics and "hardcore" fans, who have often decried the use of rough humour compared to the one found in the books . Apparently Uderzo, dissatisfied with the first two movies as well, supervised the production of the third, but it didn't save it from receiving the "top" prize of the French equivalent of the Razzie Awards in 2008. A fourth movie is coming in Autumn 2012.
Love Across Battlelines : Histrionix and Melodrama in Asterix and the Great Divide.
Low Speed Chase : In Asterix in Lutetia, Asterix and Obelix are chasing an ox cart on a Roman highway, but since the cart goes at a leisurely walking pace, they easily catch up with it. Yet the ironic caption for the panel is "And the breathtaking chase begins!" Obelix stops the cart by dovetailing it and stopping in front of it, which obviously is not impressive at all when done at 5 MPH.
Except for Obélix, who is not allowed to because, etc.
Obélix once drinks (three drops of) the potion in Astérix and Cleopatra in order to enhance his strength even more to move a solid stone door. He sees no difference, yet he keeps asking for potion subsequently anyway.
Fridge Brilliance moment: Since drinking more potion while under the influence of the potion turns you to stone, it's likely Getafix just gave Obelix drops of water and used a Placebo Effect to trick Obelix.
The Animated Adaptation attempts to explain it by having him complain that now that he finally got to taste the potion, the amount was so small that he didn't have time to really find out what it tasted like.
Metronomic Man-Mashing : Astérix himself has been known to do it, though Obelix uses it more frequently.
Mighty Glacier : Played straight in Astérix the Gladiator, when the gladiator trainer dodges Obélix's punches easily. However, Obélix is usually more of a Lightning Bruiser than a Mighty Glacier in most of the other books in the series.
By the looks of that scene Obelix wasn't even trying; his "punch" is drawn completely differently from every other punch he makes in the same album.
Since the trainer actually asked him to punch him, he was probably trying to play by the rules and didn't expect the other one to avoid the punches: after all he is asking for them, isn't?
Multiple Demographic Appeal
My Name Is Not Durwood : From Asterix in Corsica: he's Boneywasawarriorwayayix, not Boneywasawarriorpomtiddlypom (In French, he's Ocatarinetabellatchtchix, not "Ocatarinetabellaploumploum").
Names to Run Away From Really Fast : The Romans get to the point where they recognize Asterix and Obelix's names, and are understandably terrified of them. Asterix in Britain has Asterix appear and call out to the Romans, whereupon the entire contingent huddles together, talking nervously about him, and how Obelix must also be nearby - much to the exasperation of the Roman commander.
Pretty much any mention of the village or the indomitable Gauls will cause a cringe from someone, at least in later albums.
The Pirates in particular will run (or rather, sail - when they don't scuttle) away like madmen at the first mention of Gauls in the area.
Napoleon Delusion : One of Psychoanalytix's patients Astérix and the Big Fight suffers from this. Of course, Bonaparte didn't live until centuries later, so no-one knows who the man thinks he is.
Not a delusion, but in Asterix in Corsica, chief Ocaterinettabellachichix suddenly strikes a Napoleonic pose and starts talking about "my grumblers" and "the eve of Osterlix". Later he sends Caesar a message that "the Corsicans will only accept an emperor if he is a Corsican himself."
National Stereotypes : The populations that Astérix and Obélix encounter are affectionate parodies of nearly every French and European stereotype around. (Less affectionate in the case of the Germans, who are depicted as goose-stepping, pickelhaube-wearing Goths, complete with banners reminiscent of the Third Reich , though later books have a few examples of more sympathetic German characters. Like the German(ic) "tourists" in Spain.)
Lampshaded in the preface to the English edition of Asterix and the Britons, where the writers point out "if we were Britons satirizing the Gauls, we might say they all wore berets, ate frog's legs and snails, and drank red wine for breakfast. We might add that they had hopelessly relaxed upper lips, and that phlegm was not their outstanding characteristic."
Asterix in Corsica conscientiously piles on every single "Corsican" cliche known to French culture, after warning in the preface that this is what they are going to do.
No Celebrities Were Harmed : Cleopatra looks like Liz Taylor, Dubbleosix is Sean Connery , Preposterus is Jacques Chirac, Toun is Mickey Mouse ...
No Indoor Voice : Centurion Nebulus Nimbus, in Astérix and the Big Fight.
No Name Given : Geriatrix's wife. Uderzo even lampshades that she is not supposed to be named. A woman needs her secrets.
Despite this, in the Parc Astérix Theme Park in France, her impersonators sign her name as "Taillefine" ("thin waist"), which also happens to be the name of a popular brand of fat-free yogurts.
Noodle Incident : Nobody ever explains exactly what happened to the Roman tax collector who dropped by the village at some indeterminate point before Astérix and the Cauldron, but whatever it was the Gauls did to him, he never came back.
Oh Crap :
The Gaulish-Gothic interpreter has a great one, when Getafix reveals to the Goth chief that he speaks Gothic.
The soothsayer of the animated Astérix and the Big Fight has one, too, provoked by a Roman centurion. The centurion says all Gaulish soothsayers are to be arrested, and gives him a test to see if he's the real deal, which the soothsayer insists he isn't... he flips a coin, asking heads or tails. The soothsayer replies "Neither", smiling in his belief that this would be impossible. Naturally, the coin gets stuck in the neck of an amphora, and the soothsayer has a grand old Oh Crap moment.
This was taken from a nearly identical moment in Astérix and the Soothsayer. In this case, the captured soothsayer is told to guess the outcome of a dice roll. He picks VII [1] and thinks he's safe due to "never having been lucky at gambling". Cue the dice reading VII followed by a panicking soothsayer desperatly trying to cover his ass.
Specifically, he tries to cover his ass saying that if he really had predicted that the dice would read VII, he would have said VIII so he would have been set free. Near the end of the comic, the enraged optione asks him to guess the dice roll again. He predicts VIII. The dice read VII. Cue a very confused optione and the Centurion telling the Soothsayer that he's being too showy and he has to lay low.
The Pirates have a Mass "Oh Crap" moment whenever they realize that that one group of Gauls is on board the targeted vessel.
Their captain gets a priceless one in the Asterix in Britain movie, when he sees the entire Roman fleet heading towards them.
Oh My Gods : Since in those days, all religions in Europe were polytheistic.
Joked about early in Astérix and the Soothsayer, where the Gauls are said to have hundreds of gods, and created a code number system to simplify things.
Also played with in Astérix and the Magic Carpet, when the two fakirs start cursing each other while in the magical equivalent of a Blade Lock . Astérix says something like "If they are going to call upon all of their thirty million deities they'll be at it for a while."
Also played with in Astérix and Cleopatra, where a conversation between the Gauls, Edifis, and a Roman Centurion has every statement by any party end with "By <Random god of relevant culture>". At the end of the conversation, Artifis looks up and says to his assistant Crewcut "Do you think we can go home now, by any chance?".
Once an Episode :
All end in a big meal party at night. (Except for Astérix and Son: the village has been destroyed, so Cleopatra hosts a banquet on her barge.)
Cacofonix gets tied up and can not be part of the party; there are a few exceptions (most notably Asterix and the Normans in which Cacofonix basically saves the day for once, so he deserves it).
The pirates get their ship trashed (though not always).
Romans are bashed lots.
Obélix, magic potion, cauldron, baby, blah blah blah.
Vitalstatistix falls off his shield.
Fulliautomatix makes a disparaging comment about the quality of Unhygienix's fish, which causes a fight to break out.
This one even gets lampshaded in Asterix and the Soothsayer. Asterix commented that any time people discuss the fish, a fight breaks out. Unhygienix claimed this wasn't true. Fulliautomatix said that it wouldn't happen if the fish was fresh. A fight breaks out.
Only Sane Man : Astérix and usually Panoramix/Getafix.
It's worth noting that Chief Vitalstatistix tries SO hard to fit this trope. He fails.
Convolvulus from Astérix and the Roman Agent.
Order Versus Chaos : The fun-loving, chaotic Gauls versus the Roman Empire. The True Neutral Helvetians also cop their share of problems.
Painting the Medium : Astérix and the Goths features a "Gaulish-Gothic translator", but all that is different between the two "languages" is that the Goths speak in a Gothic letter type , so they're still speaking the same language. At one point Getafix (who has been captured by the Goths to get hold of the Magic Potion) is shown to master the Gothic language (shown by using the Gothic font in his speech bubble), exposing the interpreter as a liar.
The Egyptians of Astérix in Egypt speak in hieroglyphs which, where possible, correspond to what they're saying in a B-Roll Rebus / Visual Pun way. Obélix's shaky attempt to speak the language look like children's drawings.
Norsemen talk with diacritics, spelling all their wørds strångely -- even their dog bårks in diacritics. Astérix tries to duplicate this but puts the diacritics on the wrong letters.
Greeks talk in angular letters. (and unlike the above examples, the Gauls understand them, so it's probably just an accent)
Painting the Frost on Windows : In a mini-comic, there is a particular spirit of Spring whose job it is to push up the plant stems and so on and so forth.
The Pirates Who Don't Do Anything : Other than get their ship sunk.
Well, they do try to do what pirates do, but they always happen to pick the ship that has Asterix and Obelix (or in Asterix and the Olympic Games, the entire Gaulic village) on board, resulting in the usual Curb Stomp Battle and subsequent sinking of their ship. In Asterix and Cleopatra, Redbeard even displays a moment of Genre Savvy when he decides to no longer attack any Gaulic, Roman or Phoenician ships, because they always have the gauls on board... Guess who are on the Egyptian ship that the lookout just spotted...
By way of variety: At the end of "Caesar's Laurels", they appear as the captives in Caesar's triumph after his "campaign against the pirates". In LES DOMAINES DES DIEUX it is revealed that they were in the slave work gang.
Proud Warrior Race Guy : pretty much any "barbarian" people is some shade of this. Those nominally under roman control tend to have their own Undefeatable Little Village .
A list: Gauls, Normans , Germans , Iberians , Britons , Corsicans, Belgians...
Spoofed in Asterix and the Black Gold, where, when lost in the middle eastern desert, they encounter a succession of warbands from different regional ancient peoples... who all happen to be at war with at least one one of the other warbands encountered. And except from clothes/armor, they all look the same .
Punny Name : Absolutely everyone who isn't a historical figure, and some who are (such as Pontius Pirate in the English translation). Impressive when you think they had to make new puns in every different translation.
Purely Aesthetic Era : Most of the classical antiquity cultures presented in the series are actually just stand-ins for modern nations.
The Quisling : Cassius Ceramix, chief of the Gallo-Roman village of Linoleum in Astérix and the Big Fight.
Rage Against the Author : At the beginning of The Golden Book, Albert Uderzo ages his characters by fifty years, thinking it would be funny. Obélix registers his disapproval with his fist.
Reassigned to Antarctica : In Astérix in Corsica, it's explained that the island's garrisons are a dumping ground for hopeless elements of the Roman Legion. Also, at the end of Astérix the Gaul, a displeased Caesar reassigns an officer to an outpost in Mongolia(!) ( Brutus gets the same treatment in Asterix and Son). In Astérix vs Caesar, an overeager young officer is transferred to a post in the Sahara, as punishment for an unauthorized raid that captured Vitalstatistix's niece Panacaea, which his centurion (correctly) believes that the Gauls will consider grounds for levelling the camp.
The Right Hand of Doom : Verses the Persian from The Twelve Tasks Of Astérix.
Rugby Is Slaughter : Even before you give the players Magic Potion.
Running Gag : Fulliautomatix hitting Cacofonix when the latter tries to sing, Obélix being very sensitive about his weight, and others.
It gets hilarious when, in Astérix and the Chieftain's Shield, Astérix and company leave the village quietly, without informing the rest of the Gauls and avoiding a big farewell feast. When Fulliautomatix notices their departure, he quickly runs to Cacofonix's house, wakes him up, tells him about the company setting off, waits until the bard gets up, takes his harp and attempts to sing -- and then he proceeds to the traditional bashing of Cacofonix!
Even more hilarious is when, in Astérix and the Secret Weapon, Cacofonix gets ready to leave the town because he's offended they have brought another bard to teach the kids, and Fulliautomatix, feeling guilty, agrees to let him sing if he stays. Then Cacofonix takes Fulliautomatix's hammer and starts beating the hell out of him while shouting "No, you won't make me sing!!" (When Fullautomatix bashes Cacofonix, he usually shouts "No, I won't let you sing!!")
In the French version, "Non, tu ne me feras pas chanter!", which also means "No, you won't blackmail me!" (blackmail in french is "chantage", so the relevant verbs are essentially one and the same).
Rotten fish. See Shamu Fu .
Whenever Brutus appears, he's toying with a knife, sometimes hurting himself by accident. Caesar never sees anything suspicious about his behaviour.
Scenery Porn : Uderzo has a great hand when drawing ancient Rome, Athens or Jerusalem. Made Up to Eleven in Astérix in Corsica: Uderzo and Goscinny were so impressed with the scenery of the island when they vacationed there that they decided to make this album just to put it in.
Shaggy Dog Story : In Astérix and the Black Gold, the village runs out of magic potion for lack of petroleum, an essential ingredient. Astérix and Obélix set off to the Middle East in search of it, but return empty-handed. However, Getafix had just substituted equally efficient beetroot juice instead. There's an Ironic Echo of Getafix and later Astérix having a stroke.
Shamu Fu : When the village gets into a fight, it's often started by Unhygienix's thrown fish.
Shield Surf : Vitalstatistix uses this as his primary conveyance of choice. Once an Episode he falls off.
Or the shield bearers are in a hurry and rush out without him on it. Or he forgets to duck and hits his head on the lintel, since he's standing at least five feet in the air.
On one occasion, he's in the middle of having a bath when a Roman consul arrives wishing to speak to him. His wife won't allow him to dodge having a bath, so his shield bearers are forced to carry him out in the bath.
Shields Are Useless : The only characters who ever use them are the Romans, and given that they're fighting Astérix...
In big fights involving the entire village, there's inevitably at least one Roman being bashed with his own shield.
Vitalstatistix hits people on the head with his shield whenever he's involved in a village brawl, but never uses it for defense.
Shout-Out : There are actually so many it would require its own page...
In Astérix in Britain, the heroes come across "four very famous bards" who look like The Beatles .
And Bacteria's original name is Iélosubmarine .
In Astérix in Belgium, they are warned of Caesar's arrival by the Thom(p)sons of Tintin fame; the courier being sent out to notify the clan leaders all over Belgium of this event is none other than cyclist Eddy Merckx (sans bike); and then there's the kid who's quite reminiscent of the famous Manneken Pis statue in Brussels in more than just his appearance.
There's also a character (a druid/Roman spy who has a prominent role in Astérix's Odyssey) who looks like Sean Connery ... and is named Zerozerosix (Dubblosix in the English version).
In Astérix and the Flying Carpet, one of the villains expresses the desire to be " Rajah instead of the Rajah " (Goscinny created both comics).
The live action adaptation of Asterix and Cleopatra gives one to Star Wars , among other things. The scene? A Roman military camp, where a centurion has just suggested retreat to the resident field general due to a humiliating first defeat at the hands of the Gauls. The general's response? Swiftly choking the centurion while berating him for his lack of faith in a deep, echoing voice, after which he quips: "When the Roman Empire finds itself under attack... The Empire Strikes Back !". We also see the general's cape and helmet from the back for a second or two in an homage to the classic backshot of Darth Vader's helmet, while a quick snippet of the imperial march ominously plays in the background. There are MANY more.
The Snark Knight : Asterix in the first movie adaption.
Something Completely Different : Besides having a Darker and Edgier tone than usual, Astérix and the Laurel Wreath takes place entirely outside of the Gaulish village (save for the very last page) and features none of the usual characters other than Astérix and Obelix (save for a couple of scenes with Vitalstatistix and Impedimenta during the How We Got Here portion of the story).
Speech Bubbles : Speech bubbles turn green as characters are influenced by the seeds of discord sewn by Convolvulus in Astérix and the Roman Agent.
When a character is deemed to be speaking with particular (and often sarcastic) pleasantry, the speech bubble is always decorated with flowers.
When a character is speaking coldly, icicles form at the bottom of the speech bubble.
And in one truly strange example, the tax collector that Astérix robs in Astérix and the Cauldron speaks in forms:
Tax Collector: Are you:
Teeth Flying : The humorous version.
Terrible Trio : The pirates (with the captain, lookout and wooden-leg guy as the trio part).
Theme Naming : The ending of most of the characters' names, depending of their ethnicity.
Gauls (including Belgians and Corsicans) -ix; Britons -ax; [2] Romans -us; Normans -af; Danes -sen; Greeks -os and -as; Goths -rik...
Gaulish women: -ine (Falbala/Panacea is an exception, perhaps she's from a more Romanized family?); Roman women: -a; Egyptians and Phoenicians: -is; [3] Iberians: Spanish-type double names combined by an "y".
Truth in Television : Still today, many Frisians and Danes have last names ending in -sen.
Lampshaded somewhat in Astérix and the Normans: Astérix reports to the chief that the Normans have landed, and Obélix adds that amusingly, they all have names that end in -af. The chief then lists several of the Gaul's names, all ending in -ix.
Throw the Dog a Bone
On three occasions, Cacofonix actually saves the day. The villagers' response? Rather than tie him up (as they usually do to keep him from playing his music during victory celebrations), they tie up Fulliautomatix to keep him from hitting him.
Cacofonix also attended the feast in Astérix the Gaul and Astérix and the Chieftain's Shield, even though he did not contribute anything to help save the day.
He didn't try to sing (as far as the readers could tell). That was good enough.
Also, at the end of Astérix and the Cauldron, the pirates get the gold-filled cauldron after having been unfairly accused of stealing it and beaten up by Astérix and Obélix when in fact they were actually trying to go legit. Even the narrator exclaims, "And for once the pirates are happy!"
Time Skip : Astérix and Obélix's Birthday: The Golden Book has a scene that takes place 50 years after the normal timeline of the books, depicting the characters as old men.
Token Romance : While this never happens in the actual books, it is surprisingly common for the various film adaptations to add some sort of unnecessary romance subplot. To count those:
Astérix Conquers America: Astérix and Obélix are tempted to stay in America because of a beautiful Native American chieftain's daughter . In the book, said daughter was fat and ugly and was one of the main reasons they decided to leave.
She was somewhat fat, but hardly ugly. Obélix was just terrified by the prospect of romance, let alone marriage.
Astérix and Obélix Take on Caesar: Obélix's attraction to Panacea is a subplot. This is taken from the books, but it is played much more seriously here.
In fairness, Panacea is played by Laetitia Casta which might explain why she has magical doubles of herself, a plot point which wasn't in Astérix the Legionary (the book from whence Panacea comes).
Astérix: Mission Cleopatra: Astérix is given a love interest in the form of Cleopatra's handmaiden Givemeakis (who was not there in the book).
Astérix and the Vikings: Justforkix is given a love interest in the form of Chief Timandahaf's daughter Abba.
Astérix at the Olympic Games: The whole plot is altered so that the Gauls enter the Olympic games to help a Gaul named Lovesix to win the heart of the Greek princess Irina, or else she'll have to marry Brutus. Irina and Lovesix are little more than Shallow Love Interests for each other.
Trademark Favorite Food : Obélix will often ask for wild boar in completely unfitting situations.
Tsundere : Cleopatra acts like one towards Caesar.
Ugly Guy, Hot Wife : Geriatrix is (canonically) 93 years old, and yet his wife is the sexiest woman of the village.
Sexiest married woman; there's the drop-dead gorgeous Panacea, but she's not a regular villager, and not married (yet).
I beg to differ on the grounds of Astérix and the Actress.
Regardless, Panacea (known as Philharmonia in some English versions) does not fit this trope - when she does get married, her husband is young and attractive (i.e. with Heroic Build and Lantern Jaw of Justice , which aren't used that often otherwise).
Undefeatable Little Village : The town where Astérix live is probably the Ur Example of this trope.
Unfortunate Names : Nefarius Purpus' name in the Latin translation (and therefore likely his true name) is Milesgloriosus .
The Uriah Gambit : Crismus Bonus's sentence.
Too Important to Walk : Chief Vitalstatistix is carried by two shield bearers. Frequent RunningGags are made of the facts that he's rather overweight and his bearers are of different heights.
There's the additional running gag in which he falls off the shield for some reason at least once per story.
There was one story where Vitalstatistix's shield bearers quit, and he appointed Asterix and Obelix as their replacements. Since the height difference between them is even greater than the usual shield bearers', this didn't work out so well.
Also, whenever Cleopatra suddenly shows up some place, she's always sitting on a gigantic golden sphinx-shaped chair on wheels pulled by slaves flanked by dancers and trumpeters. She has at least once referred to one such appearance as "dropping by incognito".
A chief of a Gallo-Roman village has four shield-bearers. When he turns his back on someone, the shield-bearers also turn so that they may leave - which leaves him facing the person he turned his back on.
Villain by Default : Roman Prefects are invariably corrupt, greedy, scheming and decadent.
Vitriolic Best Buds : Astérix and Obélix have an argument or falling-out pretty much Once Per Episode . It never takes long for them to make up, though.
The entire Gaulish village have been known to brawl with each other when they're bored and no Romans or other outside foes are available.
Wallpaper Camouflage : The spy in the animated Asterix and Cleopatra.
You No Take Candle
In Obélix and Co., Caius Preposterous has to resort to this, when his attempts at giving a straight explanation of how economics work to Obélix fails. Obélix gets the impression that all businessmen speak like that, which is how he explains the economic system to the people he hires.
The Nagma in Astérix and the Falling Sky speaks in stereotypically broken English, as Obélix helpfully points out.
Obélix: He doesn't talk like us, either! He talks funny!
Zorro Mark : In Astérix and Caesar's Gift, Astérix duels with a Roman and carves a Z into his tunic. With dialogue lifted from Cyrano De Bergerac . The English translators lifted dialogue from Hamlet instead, as they felt the audience would not be sufficiently familiar with Cyrano.
The Roman also brags that he served in the Pontifex Maximus' Guards, footnoted as "A sort of Cardinal of the period."
Notes
↑ the most frequently occuring dice roll. Roman era soothsayers apparently don't have good grasp of the laws of probability.
↑ plus -os and -ix for some
↑ with some -et in the translation
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Who is the lead singer of British rock group The Arctic Monkeys? | Similar artists to Arctic Monkeys — Free listening, videos, concerts, stats and photos at Last.fm
Miles Kane (born 17th March 1986) is an English musician. He is best known for sharing lead responsibilities and writing with Alex Turner in their…
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Which publisher of children’s books is named after an insect? | Arctic Monkeys say rock-and-roll is the winner at top UK music awards
Arctic Monkeys say rock-and-roll is the winner at top UK music awards
Sarah Young
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Alex Turner (C) of the Arctic Monkeys talks after being presented with the British Album award at the BRIT Awards, celebrating British pop music, at the O2 Arena in London February 19, 2014. Seen are Nick O'Malley (L) and Matt Helders (R). REUTERS/Toby Melville
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By Sarah Young
LONDON (Reuters) - Indie quartet Arctic Monkeys picked up the coveted best album award and triumphed over boy band One Direction to be named best group, prompting their lead singer to claim a victory for rock-and-roll at British pop's show of the year.
"That rock-and-roll it just won't go away. That rock-and-roll, it seems like it's fading away sometimes, but it will never die," Arctic Monkeys frontman Alex Turner said as he received the band's second gong of the night for the Mastercard British album of the year.
The best group prize at London's BRIT Awards on Wednesday was the only head-to-head between Sheffield-born Arctic Monkeys and One Direction, the five-piece band formed in 2010 on the TV singing contest The X Factor.
"There's that fifteen quid we put on One Direction to win down the drain," Turner joked as Arctic Monkeys picked up the BRIT for best group.
Opening the event with their track "R U Mine", in the shadow of giant versions of the letters "AM", flaming and suspended in mid-air, Arctic Monkeys were performing at the BRITs for the first time despite their multiple successes there over the last eight years.
In the past, the band had responded frostily to their BRIT wins. This year, they were odds-on favourites to win both the awards they were up for, and their BRITs silverware count is now seven.
One Direction, a band targeted at a young audience and whose fans are mainly teenage girls, did not walk away empty handed, however.
The group picked up the BRITs global success award, being joined late on stage by a panting Harry Styles, one of its five members. He said he was late because he had been off "having a wee" when the prize was announced.
To particularly noisy screams and cheering at their every appearance, One Direction also walked away with the best British video award which was decided by twitter votes cast during the evening. With 17.8 million followers, dubbed "Directioners", the band's win never looked in doubt.
"It's the BRITS and it's exciting," Styles said, before the group got their hands on their two mohawk-inspired black and white gongs, designed by milliner-to-the-stars Philip Treacy.
STAR COUNT
Excitement was what the organisers of the event were targeting, after last year's ceremony failed to impress. Labelled by critics as sensible, sober and dull, even Christian Tattersfield, current chairman of the BRIT Awards committee, admitted in a British newspaper recently that the 2013 event "lacked superstars".
He was counting on an attention-grabbing performance by Katy Perry, arriving in a chariot on stage and clad in a neon Cleopatra outfit, and Bruno Mars's energetic routine, which included dancing saxophonists, to breathe new life into the show.
Wearing a sparkling green floor-length gown, pop queen Beyonce, also sung her track "XO". Her appearance was not confirmed ahead of the show but was widely leaked to the press.
The best British male solo artist award category was won by David Bowie, 67, thirty years after he last held the title. He beat up and coming names such as Jake Bugg, 19, and Tom Odell, who is 23.
Absent from the ceremony, veteran artist Bowie nominated British supermodel Kate Moss to accept the prize on his behalf. Reading from a script written by Bowie, she finished with the words: "Scotland stay with us".
Bowie's plea was the evening's only nod to politics. Scotland will vote on September 18 on whether to become an independent country, ending a 307-year union with England and splitting from the rest of the UK.
Ellie Goulding, who three years ago performed at the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge's wedding reception, won the best British female solo artist award, before wowing the audience with an electric performance in a gold bra and white hot pants.
The best British single award went to drum and bass dance collective Rudimental featuring Ella Eyre for "Waiting All Night", while pop act Bastille took home the British breakthrough act prize.
For the first time, the BRITs also had a global audience with YouTube streaming the show live worldwide in addition to the usual broadcast on Britain's commercial channel ITV .
The BRITs harnessing of social media reflects the growing digital revenues powering the British music industry. Figures released earlier on Wednesday show that revenues in the UK recorded music sector rose 1.9 percent 730.4 million pounds in 2013.
(Editing by Alistair Lyon and Andrew Hay)
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The poem ‘Funeral Blues’ by W H Auden is popularly known by what name? | Funeral Blues by W H Auden, a poem analysis
Funeral Blues by W H Auden, a poem analysis
This page is an analysis of the poem
Funeral Blues
by W.H. Auden. The poem is also known as
Stop All the Clocks
. The poem became famous after it was recited in the film,
Four Weddings and A Funeral
. We intend to do three things in this analysis.
First, we’ll provide a brief summary of
Funeral Blues
that also explores the rhyming structure of the poem. Second, we’ll do an almost line by line analysis that takes into account historical context, figurative language, and any potential literary devices used. Finally, we’ll offer our interpretation of the poem. We don’t want to suggest that our interpretation is the only one, but instead, hope that we provide you with enough inspiration, so that you can formulate your own.
Summary of Funeral Blues by W H Auden
The poem is four stanzas long. It has a very simple rhyme scheme—each line rhyming with the one preceding it. Each line is approximately 10 syllables, but there is no consistency. At times an iambic pattern is used, but also not consistently. This means that the poem at times follows the traditional iambic pentameter—but not line by line. To what degree this inconsistency in meter was intentional or accidental is not clear—though we admit the inconsistency does have a way of mimicking the frantic and frenetic feeling of one facing the death of a loved one.
The mood and tone of the poem is one of grief. In the first stanza the mourning would seem to be very formal—and almost mocking in tone. In the second stanza the mourning grows to the level of hyperbole. Both the first and second stanza give one the impression that the narrator might be mocking the event.
However, when we reach the third stanza, the true mood of the poem becomes evident. We realize that the narrator personally knew the deceased. Though the comments strike a kind of formal note—coming near to perfunctory, we begin to feel their impact, especially in the last line of this stanza.
The fourth stanza is the culmination here. Clearly words are being used with hyperbole, but at the same time, they still manage to convey a deep level of grief—and the poem leaves one with the deep sense of loss felt by the narrator.
Walkthrough of Funeral Blues by W H Auden
Here we will go through the poem, almost line by line, looking at each stanza and making several points.
• “Stop the Clocks” is not a figure of speech. It is, in fact, an old formal custom. Once people thought it bad luck for a clock to be running with a dead person present—for example, at a wake. We’re not sure about telephones, but something analogous probably applies. If a dog barked in the background at a funeral, it was once believed that more people would be dying. The “Muffled Drum” even in the present is still a traditional custom at military funerals. Needless to say, when someone dies, you present them in a coffin for people to come in and take a look at.
• The important thing to note here is how formal all this is. No where is there anything direct in this stanza to convey grief or sadness that is personal. If anything the imagery conveys nothing but a determined attitude to do the perfunctory. To maintain the proper form and structure that society expects at someone’s death.
• Despite the non-appearance of grief, grief might be present in the following manner. How easy is it to do perfunctory matters—like send out invitations to a party? It’s not hard at all. Ostensibly, the things that must be done to prepare for a funeral shouldn’t be any harder. But, of course, they are. So behind this perfunctory attitude—we should be suspicious that their might lurk a lot grief just below the surface. We try with a vengeance to impose the normal, when what we most want to do is to hide the fact that things are not normal at all.
• Ostensibly, the second stanza is just a continuation of the preparations being made in the first stanza. However, we go from the trivial to the exaggerated. These requests are full of hyperbole.
• The first possibility here is the literal one. The narrator is dead serious and wants all these things done because she feels it will best represent her grief. We find this interpretation not to our liking, because it makes the narrator come across as both shallow and cheesy.
• Let’s consider a second possibility. Perhaps the narrator doesn’t care about the deceased after all. In neither the first nor second stanza has there been any direct expression of grief. Why is the narrator making such exaggerated requests? She could be poking fun at the idea of grieving for someone who doesn’t really deserve it. Could there be implicit criticism here?
• But wait, there is a third possibility, and it is the one we regard as correct. It could be that the narrator feels that no matter what is done, the funeral will never be adequate to the grief now being felt. So there is mocking criticism present, but only because it is so intense, not because it is not there at all.
• We want to point out that the lines of the third stanza are still somewhat perfunctory because they are void of any personal elements. We know nothing of the deceased or of the narrator via these words. These lines could be for anyone—they do nothing at all to personalize either the narrator or the deceased for us.
• It is revealed in the third stanza that the deceased must be closely connected to the narrator in a personal manner. Clearly, there was some type of intimate connection between the two.
• The line, “He was my North, my South, my East and West”, conveys the loss of life direction one feels when someone important to us dies. For some this experience can be far worse than being lost in the woods without a compass.
• We’re given a sense that the narrator totally lived for the deceased. Everything they did whether in work or at play was for the deceased. This is very intense, because we have to ask, what will the narrator to do now to find meaning in life? No wonder they feel they have lost their direction without the deceased.
• The third line in this stanza is the strongest yet. It conveys that time has no meaning, and that communication is irrelevant now that the deceased is gone.
• The fourth line of this stanza is the most powerful, but also the most difficult to understand. Do we stop loving a person because they have died? Does love die when one of the lovers dies? We want to suggest that it doesn’t—and that in some ways love is forever. However, when a person close to us dies, surely it might feel as if love has died!
• The fourth line of this stanza is important, not only because of the powerful sentiment it expresses, but also because it is the point at which underlying tensions in the earlier lines are finally revealed. The first and second stanza were all about the perfunctory things that must be done to have a funeral. Even the first three lines in the third stanza were a bit like perfunctory things a person must say at funeral. But what’s said here in this last line is decidedly different. You’re not supposed to say love ends—unless you just can’t help yourself. So here, finally, the perfunctory surface has been perforated, and we see just how utterly bereaved the narrator really is—every line that’s lead up to this now makes sense.
• The emotional dam bursts at the end of the third stanza, and and so now, in the fourth stanza we get an outpouring of emotion. Nothing of what’s said in the fourth stanza is perfunctory at all—contrarily, at a traditional funeral one probably isn’t supposed to speak like this at all.
• We can now see why at times in the earlier stanzas, the narrator spoke with a mocking criticism of the funeral. There is a sense that no matter what happens, the grief is too big for any funeral to adequately cover it.
• Stars here, of course, are a metaphor for all our various aspirations which guide us through life. The moon and the sun is imagery for both our heart and mind. Ocean conveys a great deepness of feeling—and while the narrator wants to reject there are any feelings worth having any more, that very rejection conveys the contrary.
• The last line here is as totally appropriate as it is inappropriate. At a funeral we’re supposed to wish for the best, stay hopeful, argue that deceased has gone on to a better world, and so on and so forth. Yet, we’re also supposed to express grief. So while the former objective here is missed, the latter is clearly achieved.
Interpretation of Funeral Blues by W. H. Auden
Funeral Blues by W. H. Auden is a rich and beautiful poem. It adeptly makes use of the perfunctory to convey deep grief. This is done via a fascinating juxtaposition. At the beginning of the poem the narrator is determined to do everything right—and to have an appropriate funeral. But they go too far in this, leading to hyperbole—which begins to make us suspect how deep their grief really goes. When the narrator begins to offer us some words of grief, while here too, those words start out by merely expressing some perfunctory sentiments, soon the real grief of the narrator takes over—and via the breaking of the perfunctory, we see just how genuinely bereaved the narrator is.
We hope you found this analysis instructive. Don’t forget to subscribe to our poetry updates, so that you don’t miss any of our original poems and analyses.
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| Funeral Blues |
In the novel ‘Oliver Twist’ by Charles Dickens, what is The Artful Dodger’s real name? | Stop All The Clocks (Funeral Blues ) W H Auden - HD film by Peter Hague - e-brink - YouTube
Stop All The Clocks (Funeral Blues ) W H Auden - HD film by Peter Hague - e-brink
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Published on Mar 19, 2014
This wonderful poem by W. H. Auden is actually called 'Funeral Blues', but is more popularly known as 'Stop All the Clocks'. It became better known when it was used in the film: Four Funerals and a Wedding, starring Hugh Grant, Simon Callow and Rowan Atkinson, among others. Hope you like my reading and film.
Peter Hague is a Digital Artist, Graphic Designer and Film Maker known as e-brink - Check out my digital art site:
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Who sang the title song for the 2002 James Bond film ‘Die Another Day’? | Die Another Day (song) | James Bond Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia
Die Another Day (song)
Film — Novelisation — Soundtrack — Song — Characters
Die Another Day is the theme song of the Bond film of the same name. The song was written and produced by the legendary pop star Madonna and Mirwais Ahmadzaï. It was performed by Madonna.
The song was released as a single in October 22th, 2002 and it's accompanying music video it's second most expensive of all the time after "Scream" by Michael Jackson and Janet Jackson. The total production costs for the video were over $6,000,000. The song peaked at number 8 in the Billboard Hot 100. However, the song was critiized for its lack of an actual Bond tune.
Lyrics
I'm gonna wake up, yes and no,
I'm gonna kiss some part of,
I'm gonna keep this secret,
I'm gonna close my body now.
I guess, die another day,
I guess, die another day,
I guess, die another day,
I guess, die another day.
I guess I'll die another day,
I guess I'll die another day,
I guess I'll die another day,
I guess I'll die another day.
Sigmund Freud,
I'm gonna break the cycle,
I'm gonna shake up the system,
I'm gonna destroy my ego,
I'm gonna close my body now.
I think I'll find another way,
there's so much more to know,
I guess I'll die another day,
It's not my time to go.
For every sin, I'll have to pay,
I don't do work, I don't do play,
I think I'll find another way,
It's not my time to go.
I'm gonna avoid the cliché,
I'm gonna suspend my senses,
I'm gonna delay my pleasure,
I'm gonna close my body now.
I guess, die another day,
I guess I'll die another day,
I guess, die another day,
I guess I'll die another day.
I think I'll find another way,
There's so much more to know,
I guess I'll die another day,
It's not my time to go.
I guess, die another day,
I guess I'll die another day,
I guess, die another day,
I guess I'll die another day.
| Madonna |
The Sejm is the lower house of parliament in which European country? | Die Another Day [Music from the Motion Picture] - David Arnold | Songs, Reviews, Credits | AllMusic
Die Another Day [Music from the Motion Picture]
AllMusic Rating
google+
AllMusic Review by AllMusic
Though most shoppers will probably buy the DIE ANOTHER DAY soundtrack solely for the Madonna-sung title track, they'll also find, in addition to the usual orchestral movie cues, several thoroughly modernized, dance music-based updates of James Bond music. Most exciting is the "Bond vs. Oakenfold" remix of the classic Bond theme by DJ extraordinaire Paul Oakenfold. A complete re-conceptualization of a piece so thoroughly part of the public consciousness is exceedingly difficult, but Oakenfold manages to successfully drag Bond out on the dance floor while retaining all of the urbane suaveness (and twangy surf guitar) that made the secret agent an icon. Composer David Arnold follows Oakenfold's lead, often scoring his orchestra to super-hip jungle, drum-and-bass, and house beats. Fans of the film will enjoy the Enhanced CD features, which include Madonna and Paul Oakenfold videos, a Bond poster display and a "Women of Bond" gallery.
Track Listing
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Doge’s Palace is in which European city? | Doge's Palace Ticket and Guided Tour - Tour Venice
Venice
Doge's Palace Ticket and Guided Tour
“It was good to do the tour. . . as expected, you meet as a group, you get headsets, you walk through, and the guide explains things. It was good in that there were interesting things to hear eg the use of the Venetian Mask and Napoleon destroying the Venetian Lion images etc, and the building is very beautiful. ...Leeanne M., Australia – See more reviews
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Explore the richly decorated rooms of the Doges Palace as you relive the European Middle Ages.
Specifications
Clock Tower in St. Mark's Square
Duration:
Print voucher. You will not have access to the tour without this voucher.
Languages:
Doge's Palace Venice City Tours & Sightseeing City Tours & Sightseeing
Description
The Palazzo Ducale represented for centuries the seat of the Venetian political power. In these splendid rooms, plastered and immersed in hundreds of masterpieces of painting, the Duke and his Council controlled the fate of a thousand-year old republic. You'll live it together with a guide who will show you the halls of power, plunging you in a very particular historical context: the European Middle Ages and the immediately following centuries. You'll be surprised with the rich details of the gold staircase and the realism of the scenes depicted by many artists who have decorated this building. You will relive the anguish of the prisoners crossing the famous Bridge of Sighs, and entering the Venetian prisons, famous for hosting Giacomo Casanova. An unforgettable tour not to be missed!
Includes
Entrance fee to the Palazzo Ducale
Audio receiver device*
Optional trip to Murano Island**
Excludes
April to October Schedule (Summer)
Morning departure: English, German, French, Spanish daily / Italian every Saturday only (visit can be bilingual)
Afternoon departure is in English only
November to March Schedule (Winter)
English: daily
French: Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday
Spanish: Wednesday, Saturday, Sunday (the visit can be bilingual)
Please Note
*For groups of 10 or more people
**The optional trip to Murano Island will take another two hours.
Morning departures and afternoon departures will meet at the Clock Tower in St. Mark's Square.
We recommend you wear comfortable shoes.
Children 5 years old and below are free of charge.
For security reasons sacks, bags or knapsacks are not allowed inside Doge's Palace.
This tour is not fully accessible for wheelchair users or people with walking disabilities.
The tour does not operate during religious holidays and in cases of exceptional high tide and bad weather.
Cancellation Policy
Free cancellation: 8 days or more prior to start date of activity.
20% Cancellation Fee (80% reimbursement): between 4 to 7 days prior to date of activity.
100% Cancellation Fee (no reimbursement): 3 days or less prior to date of activity.
Price & Options
| Venice |
Who played the role of Vin in the 1960 film ‘The Magnificent Seven’? | Brooklyn Museum
Brooklyn Museum
Walt Whitman and the Arts in Brooklyn
Claude Monet (French, 1840-1926). The Doge's Palace (Le Palais ducal), 1908. Oil on canvas, 32 x 39 in. (81.3 x 99.1 cm). Brooklyn Museum, Gift of A. Augustus Healy, 20.634 (Photo: Brooklyn Museum, 20.634_SL1.jpg)
Claude Monet (French, 1840-1926). The Doge's Palace (Le Palais ducal), 1908. Oil on canvas, 32 x 39 in. (81.3 x 99.1 cm). Brooklyn Museum, Gift of A. Augustus Healy, 20.634 (Photo: Brooklyn Museum, 20.634_SL1.jpg)
Claude Monet (French, 1840-1926). The Doge's Palace (Le Palais ducal), 1908. Oil on canvas, 32 x 39 in. (81.3 x 99.1 cm). Brooklyn Museum, Gift of A. Augustus Healy, 20.634 (Photo: Brooklyn Museum, 20.634_framed_reference_PS1.jpg)
Claude Monet (French, 1840-1926). The Doge's Palace (Le Palais ducal), 1908. Oil on canvas, 32 x 39 in. (81.3 x 99.1 cm). Brooklyn Museum, Gift of A. Augustus Healy, 20.634 (Photo: Brooklyn Museum, 20.634_bw.jpg)
Claude Monet (French, 1840-1926). The Doge's Palace (Le Palais ducal), 1908. Oil on canvas, 32 x 39 in. (81.3 x 99.1 cm). Brooklyn Museum, Gift of A. Augustus Healy, 20.634 (Photo: Brooklyn Museum, 20.634_view1_acetate_bw.jpg)
Claude Monet (French, 1840-1926). The Doge's Palace (Le Palais ducal), 1908. Oil on canvas, 32 x 39 in. (81.3 x 99.1 cm). Brooklyn Museum, Gift of A. Augustus Healy, 20.634 (Photo: Brooklyn Museum, 20.634_view2_acetate_bw.jpg)
Claude Monet (French, 1840-1926). The Doge's Palace (Le Palais ducal), 1908. Oil on canvas, 32 x 39 in. (81.3 x 99.1 cm). Brooklyn Museum, Gift of A. Augustus Healy, 20.634 (Photo: Brooklyn Museum, 20.634_detail_acetate_bw.jpg)
Download our app and ask your own questions during your visit. Here are some that others have asked.
Did Monet really paint this scene while sitting in a gondola on the water?
It is true!
This captures Venice perfectly. Have you been there?
No I haven't been to Venice, though Monet definitely captures it beautifully. He painted many of his works in a series, capturing the same place at different points of the day to get to the essence of light and color at any given place.
If you visit our special Francisco Oller exhibit on the 4th floor, you'll see some other beautiful Monet paintings, as well as other Impressionists.
Thank you!
I love this serene, beautiful outdoor scene by Theodore Robinson! What drew you to this work?
The way it's painted and how gentle it is in the colors and the woman's expression. Also the fact that I don't know anything about the painter.
Theodore Robinson is considered one of the first American Impressionists, a movement that began in, and is largely associated with, France. William Merritt Chase and Childe Hassam, two artists whom we have on view on the 5th floor, are also considered American Impressionists.
The Impressionists were concerned with capturing fleeting moments resulting in often quickly painted works with visible, varying brushstrokes. There is another work by Robinson on that same wall as well as 2 works by Monet, a noted French Impressionist! Robinson even went to France to study with the French Impressionists and became close friends with Monet.
Loved the Monet paintings! Absolutely beautiful.
I agree, seeing Monet is always a treat! I especially love the reflection on the water in "The Doge's Palace," the colors are so vibrant.
Yes! One of my favorites! Was it always here? I feel like I've seen it somewhere else? Do you have any info on it?
Monet is famous for creating many versions of the "same" painting. Because the Impressionists were interested in light and capturing the effects, he would often sit at the same site for a long period of time, painting different canvases of the same thing at different times of the day to see the changing light effects. There is a painting at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in Manhattan that looks similar to this, yes! I do believe our version has also been on view for some time, so it's possible you've seen it here before as well.
I probably saw the one at The Met. I am from Brazil so this is my first time here.
Oh, well, welcome to Brooklyn! Yes, you may have seen the Met's version. Although, I think it is easy to confuse various paintings by Monet because the subject matter, colors, and style can be so similar.
That's true, thanks!
The Doge's Palace (Le Palais ducal)
Claude Monet
European Art
On View: Beaux-Arts Court, South, 3rd Floor
Daunted by Venice’s innumerable picturesque views and its art-historical legacy, Claude Monet delayed visiting the city until 1908. Once there, he explored familiar artistic concerns—reflection, atmosphere, and structure—through the elements of water, light, and architecture. To capture the Doge’s Palace, Monet positioned himself across the Grand Canal in a gondola. Despite the horizontal format of both the canvas and the palace itself, the painter created a strong vertical through the reflection, which dissolves the solid structure into a shimmer of colors.
Place Made: Europe
DATES 1908
DIMENSIONS 32 x 39 in. (81.3 x 99.1 cm) Frame: 41 1/4 x 49 x 3 5/8 in. (104.8 x 124.5 x 9.2 cm) (show scale)
SIGNATURE Signed and dated lower right: "Claude Monet 1908"
MUSEUM LOCATION This item is on view in Beaux-Arts Court, South, 3rd Floor
EXHIBITIONS
RIGHTS STATEMENT No known copyright restrictions
This work may be in the public domain in the United States. Works created by United States and non-United States nationals published prior to 1923 are in the public domain, subject to the terms of any applicable treaty or agreement. You may download and use Brooklyn Museum images of this work. Please include caption information from this page and credit the Brooklyn Museum. If you need a high resolution file, please contact [email protected] (charges apply). The Museum does not warrant that the use of this work will not infringe on the rights of third parties, such as artists or artists' heirs holding the rights to the work. It is your responsibility to determine and satisfy copyright or other use restrictions before copying, transmitting, or making other use of protected items beyond that allowed by "fair use," as such term is understood under the United States Copyright Act. The Brooklyn Museum makes no representations or warranties with respect to the application or terms of any international agreement governing copyright protection in the United States for works created by foreign nationals. For further information about copyright, we recommend resources at the United States Library of Congress , Cornell University , Copyright and Cultural Institutions: Guidelines for U.S. Libraries, Archives, and Museums , and Copyright Watch . For more information about the Museum's rights project, including how rights types are assigned, please see our blog posts on copyright . If you have any information regarding this work and rights to it, please contact [email protected] .
CAPTION Claude Monet (French, 1840-1926). The Doge's Palace (Le Palais ducal), 1908. Oil on canvas, 32 x 39 in. (81.3 x 99.1 cm). Brooklyn Museum, Gift of A. Augustus Healy, 20.634 (Photo: Brooklyn Museum, 20.634_SL1.jpg)
IMAGE overall, 20.634_SL1.jpg. Brooklyn Museum photograph
"CUR" at the beginning of an image file name means that the image was created by a curatorial staff member. These study images may be digital point-and-shoot photographs, when we don\'t yet have high-quality studio photography, or they may be scans of older negatives, slides, or photographic prints, providing historical documentation of the object.
RECORD COMPLETENESS Best (92%)
Not every record you will find here is complete. More information is available for some works than for others, and some entries have been updated more recently. Records are frequently reviewed and revised, and we welcome any additional information you might have.
Download our app and ask your own questions during your visit. Here are some that others have asked.
Did Monet really paint this scene while sitting in a gondola on the water?
It is true!
This captures Venice perfectly. Have you been there?
No I haven't been to Venice, though Monet definitely captures it beautifully. He painted many of his works in a series, capturing the same place at different points of the day to get to the essence of light and color at any given place.
If you visit our special Francisco Oller exhibit on the 4th floor, you'll see some other beautiful Monet paintings, as well as other Impressionists.
Thank you!
I love this serene, beautiful outdoor scene by Theodore Robinson! What drew you to this work?
The way it's painted and how gentle it is in the colors and the woman's expression. Also the fact that I don't know anything about the painter.
Theodore Robinson is considered one of the first American Impressionists, a movement that began in, and is largely associated with, France. William Merritt Chase and Childe Hassam, two artists whom we have on view on the 5th floor, are also considered American Impressionists.
The Impressionists were concerned with capturing fleeting moments resulting in often quickly painted works with visible, varying brushstrokes. There is another work by Robinson on that same wall as well as 2 works by Monet, a noted French Impressionist! Robinson even went to France to study with the French Impressionists and became close friends with Monet.
Loved the Monet paintings! Absolutely beautiful.
I agree, seeing Monet is always a treat! I especially love the reflection on the water in "The Doge's Palace," the colors are so vibrant.
Yes! One of my favorites! Was it always here? I feel like I've seen it somewhere else? Do you have any info on it?
Monet is famous for creating many versions of the "same" painting. Because the Impressionists were interested in light and capturing the effects, he would often sit at the same site for a long period of time, painting different canvases of the same thing at different times of the day to see the changing light effects. There is a painting at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in Manhattan that looks similar to this, yes! I do believe our version has also been on view for some time, so it's possible you've seen it here before as well.
I probably saw the one at The Met. I am from Brazil so this is my first time here.
Oh, well, welcome to Brooklyn! Yes, you may have seen the Met's version. Although, I think it is easy to confuse various paintings by Monet because the subject matter, colors, and style can be so similar.
That's true, thanks!
| i don't know |
Which British haulage company has a long tradition of naming its trucks after females? | Eddie Stobart Model Trucks
Introducing Eddie Stobart's 'Emma Jade' H4663
Atlas Editions brings you an exclusive offer
A national treasure
When it comes to trucking in the UK, there’s Eddie Stobart and then there’s everyone else. It is, by a country mile, the nation’s best-known and best-loved logistics company. After all, what other transportation company has its own fan club?
There’s just something about Eddie Stobart that sets it apart from the competition. Maybe it’s the drivers, like Mark Dixon from Eddie Stobart: Trucks & Trailers, the ‘star’ of our very own TV ad, which you can see by clicking the image on the left; or perhaps it’s the lovingly maintained cabs, each one individually named and numbered; then again, it could be the name itself, so reassuringly solid and reliable!
But it’s probably all of these things, plus the fact that Eddie Stobart is a great British success story – the little firm from Cumbria that conquered the world of road haulage.
Even today, despite its impressive size, Eddie Stobart Ltd still has the aura of a friendly family firm - albeit one with a multi-million pound turnover. And it's that combination of business acumen and approachability that helps make the company so popular.
Your very own Eddie Stobart truck
That’s why we at Atlas Editions have worked together with Eddie Stobart to bring you ‘Emma Jade’, this officially licensed and perfectly crafted 1:76 scale diecast Volvo FH Fridge Trailer. It’s 100% accurate in every respect. Even the number plate’s correct. Plus, of course, the ‘Emma Jade’ name, in the front grille and doors, along with the ‘H4663’ fleet number that all true Stobart spotters look for.
An impressive 23cm long, this finely-crafted model will take pride of place in any Stobart lover’s home. We’ve even created a fantastic trailer style box for it, and you will also receive a Certificate of Authenticity and a FREE Eddie Stobart pin badge, all for just £2.99, plus FREE p&p.
And that’s not all. Order today and you’ll be placed on our priority delivery service – each month you will receive the latest, brand new officially-licensed Eddie Stobart replica. Plus, as an added bonus with your next two deliveries, you will also receive an exclusive Eddie Stobart approved FREE gift. So, read on to find out how to take advantage of this unmissable offer…
Get more great models, more free gifts
Once you’ve received your wonderful ‘Emma Jade’ Eddie Stobart model and admired its incredible workmanship and attention to detail, there’s no doubt you’ll want to see the next exclusive Eddie Stobart-approved model we’ve created for you – the magnificent ‘Karen Patricia’ Scania Topline Curtainside, in that classic red and green Eddie Stobart livery. Worth £14.99, it’s yours for just £11.99, plus £4.99p&p. You’ll also receive, FREE of charge, a gift from us to you, a great Eddie Stobart spotter’s notepad and exclusive Eddie Stobart pen. Together, they’re worth almost £10, but they will be yours to keep for FREE. The next month, we will send you the beautiful AEC Ergomatic 6-Wheel Tipper. At just £14.99, plus £4.99p&p, this is a specially-commissioned casting of a classic vintage truck from a bygone age. This brand new model has never been offered anywhere else and is exclusive to Atlas Editions. What’s more, when your model arrives it comes complete with six – yes, six – exclusive Eddie Stobart coasters worth £6.99, FREE of charge. It’s an incredible offer – and you don’t even have to send any money now. There’s no commitment – ever – and you only pay for the models you decide to keep. If you return your model or cancel your order within 10 days you will owe us nothing! And remember, this exclusive offer is made in association with Eddie Stobart Plc. It’s 100% official!
Stobart goes from strength-to-strength
The modern-day Stobart success story began in the 1970s, when Edward Stobart took over his father Eddie’s agricultural clearance business and began to turn it into the company we know and love today. In those early days Edward even drove the trucks himself, naming the first four after his favourite female entertainers: Twiggy, Dolly (Parton), Tammy (Wynette) and Suzi (Quatro). This tradition continues to this day, with Eddie Stobart fan club members even getting the opportunity to name cabs – which tens of thousands of Eddie Stobart ‘spotters’ up and down the land take great delight in looking out for on Britain’s roads and motorways. Today, under Edward’s brother William Stobart and Chief Executive Andrew Tinkler, the company has gone on to even bigger and better things, branching out into planes and trains as well as automobiles. Eddie Stobart is no longer simply a trucking firm but is Britain’s leading multi-modal and logistics company, with more than 5,000 employees, 2,250 trucks, 3,500 trailers and 6 million square feet of warehousing around the UK! And now it’s a success story you can share. With our officially-licensed Eddie Stobart die-cast models we’re offering you the unmissable opportunity to do what all true admirers of this great British institution can only dream of. That’s right, we are inviting you to create your very own fleet of Eddie Stobart trucks and trailers!
© 2017 Eddie Stobart Ltd.
| Eddie Stobart |
What is the name of the cat of cartoon character Minnie Mouse? | Eddie Stobart Model Trucks
Introducing Eddie Stobart's 'Emma Jade' H4663
Atlas Editions brings you an exclusive offer
A national treasure
When it comes to trucking in the UK, there’s Eddie Stobart and then there’s everyone else. It is, by a country mile, the nation’s best-known and best-loved logistics company. After all, what other transportation company has its own fan club?
There’s just something about Eddie Stobart that sets it apart from the competition. Maybe it’s the drivers, like Mark Dixon from Eddie Stobart: Trucks & Trailers, the ‘star’ of our very own TV ad, which you can see by clicking the image on the left; or perhaps it’s the lovingly maintained cabs, each one individually named and numbered; then again, it could be the name itself, so reassuringly solid and reliable!
But it’s probably all of these things, plus the fact that Eddie Stobart is a great British success story – the little firm from Cumbria that conquered the world of road haulage.
Even today, despite its impressive size, Eddie Stobart Ltd still has the aura of a friendly family firm - albeit one with a multi-million pound turnover. And it's that combination of business acumen and approachability that helps make the company so popular.
Your very own Eddie Stobart truck
That’s why we at Atlas Editions have worked together with Eddie Stobart to bring you ‘Emma Jade’, this officially licensed and perfectly crafted 1:76 scale diecast Volvo FH Fridge Trailer. It’s 100% accurate in every respect. Even the number plate’s correct. Plus, of course, the ‘Emma Jade’ name, in the front grille and doors, along with the ‘H4663’ fleet number that all true Stobart spotters look for.
An impressive 23cm long, this finely-crafted model will take pride of place in any Stobart lover’s home. We’ve even created a fantastic trailer style box for it, and you will also receive a Certificate of Authenticity and a FREE Eddie Stobart pin badge, all for just £2.99, plus FREE p&p.
And that’s not all. Order today and you’ll be placed on our priority delivery service – each month you will receive the latest, brand new officially-licensed Eddie Stobart replica. Plus, as an added bonus with your next two deliveries, you will also receive an exclusive Eddie Stobart approved FREE gift. So, read on to find out how to take advantage of this unmissable offer…
Get more great models, more free gifts
Once you’ve received your wonderful ‘Emma Jade’ Eddie Stobart model and admired its incredible workmanship and attention to detail, there’s no doubt you’ll want to see the next exclusive Eddie Stobart-approved model we’ve created for you – the magnificent ‘Karen Patricia’ Scania Topline Curtainside, in that classic red and green Eddie Stobart livery. Worth £14.99, it’s yours for just £11.99, plus £4.99p&p. You’ll also receive, FREE of charge, a gift from us to you, a great Eddie Stobart spotter’s notepad and exclusive Eddie Stobart pen. Together, they’re worth almost £10, but they will be yours to keep for FREE. The next month, we will send you the beautiful AEC Ergomatic 6-Wheel Tipper. At just £14.99, plus £4.99p&p, this is a specially-commissioned casting of a classic vintage truck from a bygone age. This brand new model has never been offered anywhere else and is exclusive to Atlas Editions. What’s more, when your model arrives it comes complete with six – yes, six – exclusive Eddie Stobart coasters worth £6.99, FREE of charge. It’s an incredible offer – and you don’t even have to send any money now. There’s no commitment – ever – and you only pay for the models you decide to keep. If you return your model or cancel your order within 10 days you will owe us nothing! And remember, this exclusive offer is made in association with Eddie Stobart Plc. It’s 100% official!
Stobart goes from strength-to-strength
The modern-day Stobart success story began in the 1970s, when Edward Stobart took over his father Eddie’s agricultural clearance business and began to turn it into the company we know and love today. In those early days Edward even drove the trucks himself, naming the first four after his favourite female entertainers: Twiggy, Dolly (Parton), Tammy (Wynette) and Suzi (Quatro). This tradition continues to this day, with Eddie Stobart fan club members even getting the opportunity to name cabs – which tens of thousands of Eddie Stobart ‘spotters’ up and down the land take great delight in looking out for on Britain’s roads and motorways. Today, under Edward’s brother William Stobart and Chief Executive Andrew Tinkler, the company has gone on to even bigger and better things, branching out into planes and trains as well as automobiles. Eddie Stobart is no longer simply a trucking firm but is Britain’s leading multi-modal and logistics company, with more than 5,000 employees, 2,250 trucks, 3,500 trailers and 6 million square feet of warehousing around the UK! And now it’s a success story you can share. With our officially-licensed Eddie Stobart die-cast models we’re offering you the unmissable opportunity to do what all true admirers of this great British institution can only dream of. That’s right, we are inviting you to create your very own fleet of Eddie Stobart trucks and trailers!
© 2017 Eddie Stobart Ltd.
| i don't know |
Bulent Ecevit was Prime Minister of which country from 1999 to 2002? | Bulent Ecevit | prime minister of Turkey | Britannica.com
prime minister of Turkey
Bülent Ecevit, (born May 28, 1925, Constantinople [now Istanbul], Turkey —died November 5, 2006, Ankara ), Turkish poet, journalist, and politician who served as prime minister of Turkey in 1974, 1977, 1978–79, and 1999–2002.
Bülent Ecevit, 2002.
AP
After graduating from Robert College in Istanbul, Ecevit served as an embassy official in London from 1946 to 1950. During this time he also attended the School of Oriental and African Studies at the University of London . He returned to Ankara as a writer and journalist with the newspapers Halkçi and Ulus, the official organ of the Republican People’s Party (RPP), which his father had represented in the National Assembly .
Ecevit was elected to the National Assembly as an RPP member for Ankara (1957, 1961) and Zonguldak (1965, 1969), having joined the party council in 1959. He gradually emerged as leader of the left-of-centre group, and during his service as minister of labour (1961–65) he legalized strikes for the first time in Turkish history. In 1966 Ecevit became secretary-general of the RPP under İsmet İnönü , whose cooperation with the country’s military government he opposed. Ecevit became chairman of the RPP in 1972 and prime minister in January 1974.
As head of government, Ecevit declared an amnesty for all political prisoners and authorized (July 20, 1974) Turkey’s military intervention in Cyprus after the Greek-led coup on that island. His request for a vote of confidence from the National Assembly in September 1974 failed, and, after a severe political crisis, tenuous power passed to Süleyman Demirel of the Justice Party . After further crises in 1977, during which Ecevit briefly formed a government (June 21–July 3), he was again prime minister in January 1978. Acute economic and social difficulties, however, led to the fall of his government in October 1979.
Ecevit remained active in politics and was deputy premier in 1998 when Prime Minister Mesut Yilmaz was forced to resign following a corruption scandal. Ecevit formed a new government, and in April 1999 his Democratic Left Party won a plurality of votes. A coalition government was created, with Ecevit as prime minister. Months after he took office, Turkey suffered a devastating earthquake, and Ecevit drew criticism for the government’s slow initial response to the crisis and its refusal to allow Muslim groups to participate in relief efforts. A staunch secularist, Ecevit had pledged to curb the growing influence of Islam in Turkish politics.
Britannica Stories
| Turkey |
In which Australian state is the seaport of Bunbury? | Smashing the Kurds; CIA Role in Kidnapping Abdullah Ocalan by Kani Xulam, 10/9/2002 « AKIN
CovertAction Quarterly, Number 74
Fall 2002
On February 16, 1999, the Turkish Prime Minister Bulent Ecevit startled his country with the news that the Kurdish rebel leader Abdullah Ocalan was in Turkey, “since 3 a.m. this morning.”1 “The operation,” he went on to say, “has been accomplished thanks to a close and harmonious cooperation between the Turkish Intelligence Organization and the Turkish General Staff.”2
If true, the Turks had reason to celebrate the exploits of their agencies the way they did in Ankara, Istanbul, Izmir and other Turkish cities by dancing in the streets to the tunes of jingoistic Turkish songs. When a reporter asked the Prime Minister, “In which country was he [Mr. Ocalan] last?” Mr. Ecevit said, “We are not going to go into any detail on this subject.” As a former journalist himself, it was odd for him to add, “I ask you not to be inquisitive about it.”3
The Turks, the Kurds, the reporters and many others were inquisitive about it because a number of Greek and Kenyan missions had come under heavy attack by angry Kurdish militants especially in Europe. Ms. Semsi Kilic, an associate of Mr. Ocalan in Nairobi, Kenya, had already tipped some Kurdish reporters in Europe to the news of the abduction of the Kurdish leader adding that the Greeks and the Kenyans had conspired against him.
But if the latter account was correct, and the angry Kurds thought it was, the Turkish Prime Minister was duping the reporters in Ankara for thanking the wrong parties for the “good” news. But as the real parties to the abduction spoke, gradually, it became obvious that Ms. Kilic herself had not exactly known what had really happened in Nairobi, Kenya.
The day after the abduction, the Kurds, reacting to the news in some of the European dailies that perhaps Israeli agents were also involved in the kidnapping of their leader, attacked the Israeli Consulate in Berlin, Germany.4 The armed Israeli guards fired live ammunition on the flag- and picture-waving Kurdish crowd. Ahmet Acar, Sema Alp, and Mustafa Kurt were killed.5
On February 17, the United States government felt compelled to issue a travel advisory reminding Americans “residing or travelling abroad…to review their personal security.”6
The State Department was wary. Mr. Ecevit was circumspect. The Kurds, it became obvious to many, had learned nothing from their history and had allowed themselves to become the laughingstock of the world again, this time, live and free, courtesy of CNN, regrettably.
On February 18, the New York Times reported some progress on the Turkish front of what had happened to Mr. Ocalan and noted the following musings of the Turkish leader Ecevit at another press conference: “I will use a local expression and say, ‘let us eat the grape and not ask where it came from.’“7
A day later, when asked specifically about Washington’s role again, he said, “I can’t reveal that.…But you can make your own guess.”8
In fact, there was no need to guess. The next day, the New York Times reported on its front page, “U.S. helped Turkey find and capture Kurd Rebel.”9 A senior American official who “demanded” anonymity went on to describe how Ocalan was “discovered” in Nairobi, Kenya, and how Ankara was then alerted about its archenemy.10
Nothing was said about the Greek connection. The Kenyan missions in Europe remained closed, and Nairobi declared the Greek Ambassador to Kenya, George Kostoulas, persona non grata.11 The Israelis, like the Kenyans, denied culpability and noted, “…we certainly had no part in the capture of Ocalan.”12 The Greek Embassy in Washington felt compelled to issue a press release blaming Ocalan for the misfortune that befell him.13
On February 20, the Kurdish daily Ozgur Politika published an interview with Semsi Kilic, the eyewitness to Mr. Ocalan’s abduction, under the byline of Cemal Ucar. Ms. Kilic blamed the Greek government, especially its foreign minister, Mr. Theodoros Pangalos, for the cause celebre in Turkey. His office, she told Mr. Ucar, gave us assurances that, “…with the prepared plane [at the airport], you [Ocalan] will be able to fly anywhere in Europe.”14
Ms. Kilic was not allowed to accompany Mr. Ocalan. The Kenyan police who had come to escort the Kurdish leader insisted that he alone was getting the “ride.” Ambassador George Kostoulas who wanted to see his guest off at the airport was equally rebuffed. To the waiting arms of the Turkish commandos the Kurdish leader was delivered in one piece.
Six days later, the Greek Ambassador wrote for his government an account of what had happened in his residence, the last stop of Mr. Ocalan’s odyssey back to Turkey. That account was later leaked to the press.15 The emerging picture showed his government desperate to disassociate itself from Ocalan, the Kurds baffled and impervious to the intrigue that surrounded them, and the Ambassadorhimself often clueless about Athens’ ultimate intention to cooperate with all but the Kurds.
No independent body has appointed a commission to undertake a study of what happened in Nairobi, Kenya.
Nevertheless, after the debacle, there was fallout in Athens. Three ministers of the Simitis administration were sacked, including the acerbic foreign minister Theodoros Pangalos. A Greek parliamentary committee that investigated the Greek side of the events blamed private Greek citizens for breaches of law in welcoming and harboring the Kurdish rebel in Greece. If the Kurds were awaiting an apology, it did not come.
For the time being, a report that hit the wires on February 28, 1999 came as close to full disclosure as any fact-finding investigation that the Kurds could hope for. “Disrupting Terrorists,” by Associated Press writer John Diamond, began, “Frustrated by restrictions on using military force against terrorists, the United States is turning to a lower-profile tactic. The CIA calls it ‘disruption’—working with foreign law-enforcement services to harass and hamper terrorists around the world.…
“…Disruption has the advantage of utmost secrecy, hiding the hand of the United States and avoiding the cumbersome congressional reporting requirements that go with CIA-directed covert operations.…The recent arrest by Turkish forces in Kenya of Kurdish rebel leader Abdullah Ocalan is one of the rare examples where the disruption tactic gained public notice.”16
Perhaps the most telling part of the whole Ocalan episode was the name he was given in the fake passport that the Greeks had issued him. When the Turks seized him, they confiscated the document and shared it with the world. He had the name of Lazaros. His cover was the diseased pauper in the biblical parable of the rich man and the beggar. The Greek leaders, lacking honor, treated Mr. Ocalan like a vagabond. They were glad to be rid of him.
And the irony doesn’t end with the Greeks. It actually started with the Turks. In the 1920s, the founder of the Turkish Republic, Mustafa Kemal, with an unbecoming modesty had assumed the last name of Ataturk, the father of Turks, for himself. He and his officials trotted the country and gave Turks and Kurds alike new Turkish last names. The name Ocalan, which means avenger, was given to Mr. Ocalan’s family.
In 1998, the Turkish President Suleyman Demirel accused the Kurdish leader and his fighters of killing 5,555 Turkish personnel.17 The Kurdish losses are often dismissed, and estimates vary, but the Turkish human rights activists often cite figures of over 30,000 dead, close to four thousand Kurdish villages destroyed and some four million Kurds rendered homeless seeking refuge in large Kurdish or Turkish cities or abroad. This writer has heard more than one Kurd quip that the avenger, Mr. Ocalan, only tried to live up to his name.
Kani Xulam is Director of American Kurdish Information Network (AKIN) in Washington, DC, and has been active for many years in defense of Kurdish rights. He is currently consulting for a forthcoming feature film about the Kurdish people.
1. Greece and PKK Terrorism II, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ankara, April 1999, p. 66
2. Greece and PKK Terrorism II, p. 67
3. Greece and PKK Terrorism II, p. 67
4. Editorial, Farce and Tragedy for Apo, Il Faglio, Italy, February 17, 1999
5. Special to Ozgur Politika, Here is a Murderer [the photograph of an Israeli Agent], Ozgur Politika, February 21, 1999, p. 1
6. U.S. Issues Travel Warning, Philip Shenon, New York Times, February 18, 1999
7. Roger Cohen, 3 Kurds Killed by Israeli Guards in Berlin, New York Times, February 18, 1999, p. 1
8. Vernon Loeb, U.S. Tip to Turkey Led To Capture of Ocalan, The Washington Post, February 21, 1999, p. A27
9. Tim Weiner, U.S. Helped Turkey Find and Capture Kurd Rebel, The New York Times, February 20, 1999, p. 1
10. Tim Weiner, U.S. Helped Turkey Find and Capture Kurd Rebel, The New York Times, February 20, 1999, p. 1
11. Kieran Murray, Kenya says had no role in Ocalan’s capture, Reuters, February 16, 1999
12. Joel Greenberg, Israel Denies Role but Fears Reprisals for Ties to Turkey, The New York Times, February 18, 1999
13. Embassy of Greece Press Release, February 16, 1999
14. Cemal Ucar, Ozgur Politika, February 23, 1999, p. 8
15. The report was leaked to the press. The Greek daily Ta Nea published it on March 6, 1999. The American Kurdish Information Network got a copy of it as well.
16. John Diamond, Disrupting Terrorists, Associated Press, February 28, 1999
17. Nadire Mater, Mehmedin Kitabi, Metis Yayinlari, Ucuncu Basim, Istanbul, Turkey, 1999, p. 257
Kani Xulam
A native of Kurdistan, Kani Xulam is a commentator on the history and politics of Kurdistan, and advocates for the right of the Kurdish people to self-determination.
He is the director of the American Kurdish Information Network.
| i don't know |
The ‘Upper Pool’, part of the Pool of London, lies between which two bridges? | The Pool of London » 4 Nov 1960 » The Spectator Archive
44
The Pool of London
By VISCOUNT THE Pool of London, stretching eastward for some two miles below London Bridge, is one of the most historic reaches of the River Thames. 'Is very name may well be the oldest of place- lilsalhes in the City of London, for a considerable body of opinion holds the view that the first settle- illent in this area, of Celtic origin, was located on Blow hills north of the present site of London ,(18e, and that this settlement was called 'Llyn 'In' meaning 'the hill by the pool.' What is certain is that a gravel strip, which formed a useful ford across the river at this point, was the reason for the position of the settlement, and in ancient days, as in modern times, this site !'as a focal point for the City's travellers and ttraders. Thus it became the centre of maritime rtle and, as the port developed through the In occupation and beyond, ships engaged .,:foreign and coastwise trade congregated in _tuts area, at first anchoring in the stream or tying :13-to the banks, and later lying alongside the harllost wharves, of which Queenhithc (still exist- illg, on the north bank just above Southwark illge) is the first known to have been con- structed.
r, AI the end of the twelfth century Peter of ',,cl!oehurch started to build the first stone London ..„Or,tdge, not. far removed from the present site. Ms structure with its twenty arches was a serious 71).ediment to river traffic, and after its com- olettn in 1207 the trade began to expand eatillY eastward. „_l'n the seventeenth century an edict of the I'vernment of the day gave to the wharves on the north bank of the river between London Bridge and the Tower the status of 'Legal Quays,' where alone goods could be loaded or discharged. This legislation was introduced to obtain a measure of control over the collection of revenue, for the commercial progress of the Port had led to some congestion and, in consequence, the collection of customs duties was imperilled. The establishment of these Legal Quays once again concentrated shipping in this area.
Today the Port of London stretches up and down the river a distance of some sixty-nine miles, and includes the five systems of enclosed docks owned by the Port of London Authority. But the Pool remains, as it always has been, a busy centre of commerce. Geographically it stretches from London Bridge down river to the point where the magnificent tower of Hawks- moor's Church, St. Anne's, Limehouse, marks the beginning of Limehouse Reach. It is divided into the Upper Pool, lying between London Bridge and Wapping, and the Lower Pool farther to the east.
It is, therefore, only a part of the Upper Pool whose northern shore lies within the boundaries of the City, but this small section of the river is at the very heart of the Port.
A visitor standing on London Bridge, and look- ing east, will get a splendid view of the historic scene. On the immediate left his eye is attracted to the Monument recalling the Great Fire of London in 1666. Near by, the spire of St. Magnus the Martyr still rests on the archway through "Chairman, Port of London Authority. which Londoners approached a forerunner of the present London Bridge. Farther down, still on the north bank, stands Billingsgate Market, con- juring up a picture. of early days when London's fish supplies were brought up the great river by ship. Beyond that the Custom House, standing behind its tree-lined quay, evokes memories of Geoffrey Chaucer, although the building is, of course, of a much later date, the present structure having been erected early in the nineteenth century. Still farther eastward can be seen the ancient church of All Hallows Barking-by-the- Tower, and finally the Tower of London itself.
Looking down, the visitor will see, lying along- side wharves or moored in the river, ships of up to nearly 8,000 tons, of several nationalities, which are regular visitors to the Pool, and the Custom House Pier, known as the 'Harpy,' from which HM Customs launches sail to visit ships in port, a reminder of the vigilance still necessary to protect the revenue in these modern times. On the south bank, in Bermondsey, are other wharves, some with three centuries of history behind them, where ships today bring produce from Holland, Denmark and Poland, The eastward boundary of the City is marked by the famous Tower Bridge dating from 1894, constructed and maintained by the Corporation of the City of London. On a signal given by an ap- proaching ship the bascules are raised, thus allow- ing ocean-going vessels to continue to use the wharves tip to London Bridge.
Almost behind the graceful spire of All Hallows Church, destroyed by an accident in 1651 and recently restored through the generosity of friends of the church, can be seen the tower of the Port of London Authority building. It is fitting that the head office of the authority which controls the whole Port and the River Thames from Ted- dington to the sea should have been built so close to the place where it all started, even though the Pool is now but a small part of a vast and complex organisation upon the smooth working of which not only Londoners but the people of this country depend for their wellbeing.
There is also to be seen from London Bridge a vast traffic passing through the Pool. Small coasters and 'flat-iron' colliers, specially con- structed to navigate under London Bridge and the many fixed bridges above it, pass to and fro, serving up-river wharves, gas works and power stations. Here, too, pass a continuous stream of tugs and barges, part of the great fleet of 7,000 or more which make London one of the great lighterage ports of the world.
Sometimes a visitor may see, moored between London Bridge and Tower Bridge, the gleaming grey hull of a warship. Visiting warships, both British and foreign, are commonly moored in Battle Bridge Tier, named after the monks of Battle Abbey who once owned property in this area. Among recent visitors to this mooring have been Her Majesty's Royal Yacht Britannia.
The Pool is also familiar to many thousands of tourists and pleasure-seekers. During the sum- mer months vessels sail from Tower Pier to the coastal resorts of Essex and Thanet, and, in recent years, to the near Continent as well. In addition, smaller craft ply down-river to Greenwich and up-river to Westminster and beyond, while the Port Authority operates cruises from here to the Royal Docks which annually attract thousands of visitors including many parties of school- children, who thus learn at first hand something of the Port which has done so much to make London great. It is altogether fitting that they should start their journey from the Pool of Lon" don, the birthplace of London's trade.
| london bridge and tower bridge |
Which drink originated from the Arabic word ‘qahwa’? | The Pool of London » 4 Nov 1960 » The Spectator Archive
44
The Pool of London
By VISCOUNT THE Pool of London, stretching eastward for some two miles below London Bridge, is one of the most historic reaches of the River Thames. 'Is very name may well be the oldest of place- lilsalhes in the City of London, for a considerable body of opinion holds the view that the first settle- illent in this area, of Celtic origin, was located on Blow hills north of the present site of London ,(18e, and that this settlement was called 'Llyn 'In' meaning 'the hill by the pool.' What is certain is that a gravel strip, which formed a useful ford across the river at this point, was the reason for the position of the settlement, and in ancient days, as in modern times, this site !'as a focal point for the City's travellers and ttraders. Thus it became the centre of maritime rtle and, as the port developed through the In occupation and beyond, ships engaged .,:foreign and coastwise trade congregated in _tuts area, at first anchoring in the stream or tying :13-to the banks, and later lying alongside the harllost wharves, of which Queenhithc (still exist- illg, on the north bank just above Southwark illge) is the first known to have been con- structed.
r, AI the end of the twelfth century Peter of ',,cl!oehurch started to build the first stone London ..„Or,tdge, not. far removed from the present site. Ms structure with its twenty arches was a serious 71).ediment to river traffic, and after its com- olettn in 1207 the trade began to expand eatillY eastward. „_l'n the seventeenth century an edict of the I'vernment of the day gave to the wharves on the north bank of the river between London Bridge and the Tower the status of 'Legal Quays,' where alone goods could be loaded or discharged. This legislation was introduced to obtain a measure of control over the collection of revenue, for the commercial progress of the Port had led to some congestion and, in consequence, the collection of customs duties was imperilled. The establishment of these Legal Quays once again concentrated shipping in this area.
Today the Port of London stretches up and down the river a distance of some sixty-nine miles, and includes the five systems of enclosed docks owned by the Port of London Authority. But the Pool remains, as it always has been, a busy centre of commerce. Geographically it stretches from London Bridge down river to the point where the magnificent tower of Hawks- moor's Church, St. Anne's, Limehouse, marks the beginning of Limehouse Reach. It is divided into the Upper Pool, lying between London Bridge and Wapping, and the Lower Pool farther to the east.
It is, therefore, only a part of the Upper Pool whose northern shore lies within the boundaries of the City, but this small section of the river is at the very heart of the Port.
A visitor standing on London Bridge, and look- ing east, will get a splendid view of the historic scene. On the immediate left his eye is attracted to the Monument recalling the Great Fire of London in 1666. Near by, the spire of St. Magnus the Martyr still rests on the archway through "Chairman, Port of London Authority. which Londoners approached a forerunner of the present London Bridge. Farther down, still on the north bank, stands Billingsgate Market, con- juring up a picture. of early days when London's fish supplies were brought up the great river by ship. Beyond that the Custom House, standing behind its tree-lined quay, evokes memories of Geoffrey Chaucer, although the building is, of course, of a much later date, the present structure having been erected early in the nineteenth century. Still farther eastward can be seen the ancient church of All Hallows Barking-by-the- Tower, and finally the Tower of London itself.
Looking down, the visitor will see, lying along- side wharves or moored in the river, ships of up to nearly 8,000 tons, of several nationalities, which are regular visitors to the Pool, and the Custom House Pier, known as the 'Harpy,' from which HM Customs launches sail to visit ships in port, a reminder of the vigilance still necessary to protect the revenue in these modern times. On the south bank, in Bermondsey, are other wharves, some with three centuries of history behind them, where ships today bring produce from Holland, Denmark and Poland, The eastward boundary of the City is marked by the famous Tower Bridge dating from 1894, constructed and maintained by the Corporation of the City of London. On a signal given by an ap- proaching ship the bascules are raised, thus allow- ing ocean-going vessels to continue to use the wharves tip to London Bridge.
Almost behind the graceful spire of All Hallows Church, destroyed by an accident in 1651 and recently restored through the generosity of friends of the church, can be seen the tower of the Port of London Authority building. It is fitting that the head office of the authority which controls the whole Port and the River Thames from Ted- dington to the sea should have been built so close to the place where it all started, even though the Pool is now but a small part of a vast and complex organisation upon the smooth working of which not only Londoners but the people of this country depend for their wellbeing.
There is also to be seen from London Bridge a vast traffic passing through the Pool. Small coasters and 'flat-iron' colliers, specially con- structed to navigate under London Bridge and the many fixed bridges above it, pass to and fro, serving up-river wharves, gas works and power stations. Here, too, pass a continuous stream of tugs and barges, part of the great fleet of 7,000 or more which make London one of the great lighterage ports of the world.
Sometimes a visitor may see, moored between London Bridge and Tower Bridge, the gleaming grey hull of a warship. Visiting warships, both British and foreign, are commonly moored in Battle Bridge Tier, named after the monks of Battle Abbey who once owned property in this area. Among recent visitors to this mooring have been Her Majesty's Royal Yacht Britannia.
The Pool is also familiar to many thousands of tourists and pleasure-seekers. During the sum- mer months vessels sail from Tower Pier to the coastal resorts of Essex and Thanet, and, in recent years, to the near Continent as well. In addition, smaller craft ply down-river to Greenwich and up-river to Westminster and beyond, while the Port Authority operates cruises from here to the Royal Docks which annually attract thousands of visitors including many parties of school- children, who thus learn at first hand something of the Port which has done so much to make London great. It is altogether fitting that they should start their journey from the Pool of Lon" don, the birthplace of London's trade.
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What was poet Percy Shelley’s middle name? | Percy Bysshe Shelley - Poet | Academy of American Poets
Academy of American Poets
The Academy of American Poets is the largest membership-based nonprofit organization fostering an appreciation for contemporary poetry and supporting American poets. For over three generations, the Academy has connected millions of people to great poetry through programs such as National Poetry Month, the largest literary celebration in the world; Poets.org, the Academy’s popular website; American Poets, a biannual literary journal; and an annual series of poetry readings and special events. Since its founding, the Academy has awarded more money to poets than any other organization.
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Percy Bysshe Shelley was born August 4, 1792, at Field Place, near Horsham, Sussex, England. The eldest son of Timothy and Elizabeth Shelley, with one brother and four sisters, he stood in line to inherit not only his grandfather's considerable estate but also a seat in Parliament. He attended Eton College for six years beginning in 1804, and then went on to Oxford University. He began writing poetry while at Eton, but his first publication was a Gothic novel, Zastrozzi (1810), in which he voiced his own heretical and atheistic opinions through the villain Zastrozzi. That same year, Shelley and another student, Thomas Jefferson Hogg, published a pamphlet of burlesque verse, "Posthumous Fragments of Margaret Nicholson," and with his sister Elizabeth, Shelley published Original Poetry; by Victor and Cazire. In 1811, Shelley continued this prolific outpouring with more publications, including another pamphlet that he wrote and circulated with Hogg titled "The Necessity of Atheism," which got him expelled from Oxford after less than a year's enrollment. Shelley could have been reinstated if his father had intervened, but this would have required his disavowing the pamphlet and declaring himself Christian. Shelley refused, which led to a complete break between Shelley and his father. This left him in dire financial straits for the next two years, until he came of age.
That same year, at age nineteen, Shelley eloped to Scotland with sixteen-year-old Harriet Westbrook. Once married, Shelley moved to the Lake District of England to study and write. Two years later he published his first long serious work, Queen Mab: A Philosophical Poem. The poem emerged from Shelley's friendship with the British philosopher William Godwin, and it expressed Godwin's freethinking Socialist philosophy. Shelley also became enamored of Godwin and Mary Wollstonecraft's daughter, Mary, and in 1814 they eloped to Europe. After six weeks, out of money, they returned to England. In November 1814 Harriet Shelley bore a son, and in February 1815 Mary Godwin gave birth prematurely to a child who died two weeks later. The following January, Mary bore another son, named William after her father. In May the couple went to Lake Geneva, where Shelley spent a great deal of time with George Gordon, Lord Byron, sailing on Lake Geneva and discussing poetry and other topics, including ghosts and spirits, into the night. During one of these ghostly "seances," Byron proposed that each person present should write a ghost story. Mary's contribution to the contest became the novel Frankenstein. That same year, Shelley produced the verse allegory Alastor, or The Spirit of Solitude. In December 1816 Harriet Shelley apparently committed suicide. Three weeks after her body was recovered from a lake in a London park, Shelley and Mary Godwin officially were married. Shelley lost custody of his two children by Harriet because of his adherence to the notion of free love.
In 1817, Shelley produced Laon and Cythna, a long narrative poem that, because it contained references to incest as well as attacks on religion, was withdrawn after only a few copies were published. It was later edited and reissued as The Revolt of Islam (1818). At this time, he also wrote revolutionary political tracts signed "The Hermit of Marlow." Then, early in 1818, he and his new wife left England for the last time. During the remaining four years of his life, Shelley produced all his major works, including Prometheus Unbound (1820). Traveling and living in various Italian cities, the Shelleys were friendly with the British poet Leigh Hunt and his family as well as with Byron.
On July 8, 1822, shortly before his thirtieth birthday, Shelley was drowned in a storm while attempting to sail from Leghorn to La Spezia, Italy, in his schooner, the Don Juan.
Selected Bibliography
Posthumous Poems of Shelley: Mary Shelley's Fair Copy Book, Bodleian Ms. Shelley Adds (1969)
A Letter to Lord Ellenborough (1812)
A Philosophical View of Reform (1920)
A Proposal for Putting Reform to the Vote Throughout the Kingdom, as The Hermit of Marlow (1817)
A Refutation of Deism: in a Dialogue (1814)
Adonais: An Elegy on the Death of John Keats, Author of Endymion, Hyperion etc. (1821)
Alastor; or, The Spirit of Solitude; and Other Poems (1816)
An Address, to the Irish People (1812)
Epipsychidion (1821)
Essays, Letters from Abroad, Translations and Fragments (1840)
Hellas: A Lyrical Drama (1822)
Laon and Cythna; or, The Revolution of the Golden City: A Vision of the Nineteenth Century (1818)
Note books of Percy Bysshe Shelley, From the Originals in the Library of W. K. Bixby (1911)
Oedipus Tyrannus; or, Swellfoot the Tyrant. A Tragedy. In Two Acts (1820)
Original Poetry (1810)
Posthumous Fragments of Margaret Nicholson (1810)
Posthumous Poems of Percy Bysshe Shelley (1824)
Prometheus Unbound. A Lyrical Drama in Four Acts, With Other Poems (1820)
Proposals for An Association of those Philanthropists (1812)
Queen Mab; a Philosophical Poem: with Notes (1813)
Rosalind and Helen, A Modern Eclogue; with Other Poems (1819)
Shelley's Poetry and Prose (1977)
Shelley's Prose; or The Trumpet of a Prophecy (1954)
St. Irvyne; or, The Rosicrucian. A Romance, as a Gentleman of the University of Oxford (1811)
The Complete Poetical Works of Shelley (1969)
The Complete Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley (1926)
The Esdaile Notebook. A volume of early poems (1964)
The Esdaile Poems (1966)
The Manuscripts of the Younger Romantics (1985)
The Masque of Anarchy. A Poem (1832)
The Necessity of Atheism (1811)
The Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley (1839)
The Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley (1870)
The Wandering Jew. A Poem (1887)
Zastrozzi (1810)
Letters From Percy Bysshe Shelley to Elizabeth Hitchener (1890)
Letters from Percy Bysshe Shelley to William Godwin (1891)
Select Letters of Percy Bysshe Shelley (1882)
Shelley and His Circle, 1773-1822 (1961)
The Letters of Percy Bysshe Shelley (1964)
The Shelley Correspondence in the Bodleian Library: Letters of Percy Bysshe Shelley and others (1926)
Drama
| Percy Bysshe Shelley |
In the fashion industry, what does ‘Pret-a-porter’ mean? | What was poet Percy Shelly's middle name? - thinkypedia.com
What was poet Percy Shelly's middle name?
And how the heck do you pronounce it!?
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Which British comedian had the catchphrase ‘And it’s goodnight from him’? | 'It’s goodnight' from popular British comedian Ronnie Corbett, dead at 85 | Toronto Star
Entertainment
'It’s goodnight' from popular British comedian Ronnie Corbett, dead at 85
Diminutive comedian was half of much-loved duo The Two Ronnies sketch show, which ran for a dozen series over 16 years, and, at its peak, had 17 million viewers.
Ronnie Corbett was presented with his Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) by Queen Elizabeth during a ceremony at Buckingham Palace in London in 2012. (Rebecca Naden / REUTERS)
By Jill LawlessAssociated Press
Thu., March 31, 2016
LONDON—British comedian Ronnie Corbett, half of much-loved duo The Two Ronnies, has died at the age of 85, his publicist said.
Paul Sullivan said Corbett died Thursday “surrounded by his loving family.” The cause of death wasn’t disclosed.
Born in Edinburgh on Dec. 4, 1930, Corbett had stage, film and cabaret roles before coming to prominence on David Frost’s satirical 1960s TV show The Frost Report.
One classic sketch, still frequently used to illustrate Britain’s class system, teamed 5-foot 1-inch (1.55 metre) Corbett, the taller comedian Ronnie Barker and the towering John Cleese to represent the working, middle and upper classes.
In 1971 Corbett teamed up with Barker for a sketch show, The Two Ronnies. It ran for a dozen series over 16 years and at its peak had 17 million viewers.
Article Continued Below
The duo’s verbal dexterity, comic timing and physical incongruence — the bulky Barker towered over the diminutive Corbett — made them favourites with millions of comedy fans. Their signature signoff — “Now it’s goodnight from me.” “And it’s goodnight from him” — became a popular catchphrase.
The duo incorporated sketches, spoof newscasts and musical parodies, all of which delighted in wordplay. One memorable sketch involved Barker attempting to buy fork handles, and getting four candles from uncomprehending shopkeeper Corbett.
Corbett’s later roles included a put-upon librarian in the 1980s sitcom Sorry!
In 2005 he reunited with Barker, who died later that year, for TV show The Two Ronnies Sketchbook. Corbett also worked with — and influenced — younger comedians including Ricky Gervais, Rob Brydon and Peter Kay.
Prime Minister David Cameron said Corbett would “be remembered as one of the all-time great comedians.”
Actor Russell Crowe tweeted: “And it’s good night from Ronnie Corbett. Thanks for all the laughs, mate.”
Corbett is survived by his wife, Anne Hart, and their two daughters.
| Ronnie Barker |
The Tatra Mountains is the highest range in which mountain range? | Ronnie Corbett dead at 85
COMEDIAN Barry Humphries has led tributes to veteran entertainer Ronnie Corbett who has died aged 85 surrounded by his family.
Humphries told Melbourne radio’s 3AW that Corbett was very supportive of younger comedians.
“I did look up to him, even when I was looking down at him,” he said.
Close ... Barry Humphries, Dynasty actress Emma Samms and Ronnie Corbett in 1988. Picture: APSource:Supplied
Others like Ricky Gervais and David Walliams also expressed their sadness after Corbett’s family released a statement announcing his passing.
“Ronnie Corbett CBE, one of the nation’s best-loved entertainers, passed away this morning, surrounded by his loving family,” it said. “They have asked that their privacy is respected at this very sad time.”
The Scottish-born actor, singer and comedian starred in various movies and television shows but was best known for his role in The Two Ronnies, co-starring the late Ronnie Barker.
It featured the famous catchphrase “It’s goodnight from me ... and it’s goodnight from him” which is being used by many comedians and fans to pay tribute to the funnyman online.
The pint-sized star used his five-foot stature as a source of many jokes. Pictured at Naomi Campbell's 'Fashion for Relief Haiti' fashion show at Somerset House in London, England.Source:AFP
Starring with John Cleese, Michael Palin in 1996 film "Fierce Creatures".Source:News Corp Australia
The pint-sized star stood just over five foot tall and continually made his height a source of his jokes.
He appeared in the Frost Report in the 1960s alongside John Cleese, David Frost and Ronnie Barker, before the two Ronnies were given their own series.
At the height of his fame, the BBC show drew audiences of up to 17 million viewers in the UK from 1971 to 1978.
Once the show ended, he returned to screens in “Sorry!” to play a librarian who lived at home with his mother. He also made a cameo on Ricky Gervais series Extras where he was “busted” taking cocaine in the toilets.
Social media has been inundated with tributes from comedians and fans saying the final “goodnight” to the man who made them laugh so much.
— David Walliams (@davidwalliams) March 31, 2016
RIP the lovely, funny legend Ronnie Corbett. It was an absolute honour & joy to have known him.
— Ricky Gervais (@rickygervais) March 31, 2016
Ronnie Corbett had the rare talent of making all generations laugh. He'll be remembered as one of the all time great comedians.
— David Cameron (@David_Cameron) March 31, 2016
Remember my dad loooooving The Two Ronnies. And Ronnie Corbett sitting in that big chair. Pure. Good. Comedy. https://t.co/UpOdWCuAuz
— Melissa Hoyer (@melissahoyer) March 31, 2016
Well, I am sad to hear about Ronnie Corbett. What a legend. Some of my earliest comedy memories.
— Cal Wilson (@calbo) March 31, 2016
Sad news about Ronnie Corbett, very funny man R.I.P
— Lord Sugar (@Lord_Sugar) March 31, 2016
And it's good night from Ronnie Corbett . Thanks for all the laughs mate.
— Russell Crowe (@russellcrowe) March 31, 2016
The renowned speaker and comedian was lauded for his work with an OBE in 1978. He was also included in the New Year’s Honour’s List in 2012 for services to entertainment and charity.
In 1979, he had travelled to Australia with Ronnie Barker and their families, IMDB reports.
The son of a baker who was born in 1930 said he and his co-star were fortunate to have achieved fame later in life.
“We were never temperamental, fractious, or walked out slamming doors. We were fussy, though. We wanted everything doing properly,” he said.
On working together, he told The Telegraph in 2013 they were a “real couple with matching tastes and styles.”
“Of course we were quite different but somehow we fitted so well together. I think it’s a more pleasant and palatable thing to see people being funny together because you’re touching areas of truth. Dinner parties or falling out with people - it’s the naturalness of it,” he said.
He is survived by his wife, Anne Hart, and two daughters Emma and Sophie Corbett.
The two Ronnies, Ronnie Barker (left) and Ronnie Corbett.Source:News Limited
The Two Ronnies
| i don't know |
Who wrote the 1984 novel ‘The Witches of Eastwick’? | ' - The Witches of Eastwick' - - NYTimes.com
'The Witches of Eastwick'
Review by MARGARET ATWOOD
Published: May 13, 1984
''THE WITCHES OF EASTWICK'' is John Updike's first novel since the much-celebrated ''Rabbit Is Rich,'' and a strange and marvelous organism it proves to be. Like his third novel, ''The Centaur,'' it is a departure from baroque realism. This time, too, Mr. Updike transposes mythology into the minor keys of small town America, but this time he pulls it off, possibly because, like Shakespeare and Robert Louis Stevenson before him, he finds wickedness and mischief more engrossing as subjects than goodness and wisdom.
Mr. Updike's titles are often quite literal, and ''The Witches of Eastwick'' is just what it says. It's indeed about witches, real ones, who can fly through the air, levitate, hex people and make love charms that work, and they live in a town called Eastwick. It's Eastwick rather than Westwick, since, as we all know, it's the east wind that blows no good. Eastwick purports to be in Rhode Island because, as the book itself points out, Rhode Island was the place of exile for Anne Hutchinson, the Puritan foremother who was kicked out of the Massachusetts Bay colony by the forefathers for female insubordination, a quality these witches have in surplus.
These are not 1980's Womanpower witches. They aren't at all interested in healing the earth, communing with the Great Goddess, or gaining Power- within (as opposed to Power-over). These are bad Witches, and Power-within, as far as they are concerned, is no good at all unless you can zap somebody with it. They are spiritual descendants of the 17th-century New England strain and go in for sabbats, sticking pins in wax images, kissing the Devil's backside and phallus worship; this latter though - since it is Updike - is qualified worship. The Great Goddess is present only in the form of Nature itself, or, in this book, Nature herself, with which they, both as women and as witches, are supposed to have special affinities. Nature, however, is far from Wordsworth's big motherly breast. She, or it, is red in tooth, claw and cancer cell, at best lovely and cruel, at worst merely cruel. ''Nature kills constantly, and we call her beautiful.''
How did these middle-class, small-town, otherwise ordinary women get their witchy powers? Simple. They became husbandless. All three are divorcees and embodiments of what American small-town society tends to think about divorcees. Whether you leave your husband or are left ''doesn't make any difference,'' which will be news to many abandoned women stuck with full child support. Divorced then, and, with the images of their former husbands shrunk and dried and stored away in their minds and kitchens and cellars, they are free to be themselves, an activity Mr. Updike regards with some misgivings, as he regards most catchwords and psychofads.
Being yourself involves artistic activity, albeit of minor kinds. Lexa makes ceramic earthmothers, which are sold in the local crafts store, Jane plays the cello, and Sukie writes, badly, a gossip column for the weekly paper, her participles dangling like earrings. All three are dabblers, but their ''creativity'' is seen in the same light as that of other, more accomplished female artists. The townspeople of Eastwick, who act as a collective chorus, credit them with ''a certain distinction, an inner boiling such as had in other cloistral towns produced Emily Dickinson's verses and Emily Bront"e's inspired novel.''
IT'S doubtful, however, that either of the Emilys
went in for the sexual loop-the-loops indulged in by
these three weird sisters. Sisters in more senses
than one because the novel is cunningly set at a precise moment in America's recent history. The women's movement has been around just long enough for some of its phrases to have seeped from New York to the outer darkness of provincial towns like Eastwick, and the witches toss around words like ''chauvinist'' in light social repartee. In the public, male world, which is offstage, the Vietnam War goes on, watched by the witches' children on their television sets, and the antiwar activists are making bombs in cellars.
The witches don't busy themselves with ''causes,'' however. At first, they are merely restless and bored; they amuse themselves with spiteful gossip, playing mischievous tricks and seducing unhappily married men, which Eastwick supplies in strength; for if the witches are bad, the wives are worse, and the men are eviscerated. ''Marriage,'' one of the husbands thinks, ''is like two people locked up with one lesson to read, over and over, until the words become madness.''
But enter the Devil, the world's best remedy for women's boredom, in the form of the dark, not very handsome but definitely mysterious stranger Darryl Van Horne, who collects pop art and has an obvious name. Now mischief turns to maleficio , real evil occurs and people die, because Van Horne's horn becomes a bone of contention - nothing like not enough men to go around to get the witches' cauldrons bubbling. And when Van Horne is snatched into marriage by a newcomer witchlet, the eye of newt comes out in earnest.
1
| John Updike |
Which celebrity won the first series of the UK television show ‘Strictly Come Dancing’? | John Updike: His novels were 'a time capsule' of his era - USATODAY.com
John Updike: His novels were 'a time capsule' of his era
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Says longtime editor Judith Jones: "John Updike's novels are like a time capsule of the last 50 years what we were as a people, a society, a country." Updike died Tuesday of lung cancer.
By Bob Minzesheimer, USA TODAY
John Updike, 76, who wrote gracefully and prolifically about sex, religion and art — "the three great secret things in human experience," as he called them — died Tuesday at a hospice near his home in Beverly Farms, Mass.
Knopf, his publisher for 50 years, said Updike died after a battle with lung cancer. Judith Jones, his longtime editor, said he was diagnosed after Thanksgiving.
MORE: The essential John Updike
For his best-selling novels, including Couples (1968) and The Witches of Eastwick (1984), Updike was celebrated as a chronicler of suburban adultery — "a subject," he wrote, "if I have not exhausted, has exhausted me."
His most famous fictional character, Harry "Rabbit" Angstrom, was a basketball star who peaked in high school. He was featured in four novels, two of which won the Pulitzer Prize: Rabbit Is Rich (1981) and Rabbit at Rest (1990).
The four novels, published between 1960 and 1990, trace the life and death of a middle-class suburban male, a "beautiful brainless guy," as Updike put it. Angstrom could be unlikable and selfish, but millions of readers found him to be an extraordinarily accurate mirror of the anxieties of 20th-century America and its obsession with sports.
Updike wrote 61 books, including 23 novels, and was a short-story writer, poet, essayist, and art and book critic.
He was always the polished stylist, whether he was writing about baseball great Ted Williams' last game for the Boston Red Sox in 1960, or reviewing Toni Morrison's novel, A Mercy, two months ago in The New Yorker.
"He had an eye for detail that would bring alive a period in time," says Jones, who edited more of his books than she can count. "John Updike's novels are like a time capsule of the last 50 years — what we were as a people, a society, a country."
As a literary celebrity, Updike, who once wrote that "Fame is a mask that eats into the face," twice made the cover of Time magazine.
In 1968, when Couples was published, the headline read: "The Adulterous Society." In 1982, the headline about Updike said: "Going Great at 50."
In 2006, when Time interviewed him about Terrorist, his novel about a Muslim high school student in New Jersey recruited to be suicide bomber, Updike didn't make the cover.
But if he had, he joked that the headline would have read, "Still Alive, Amazingly!" or, "Still Alive — And Why?"
'Couples' still shocks
Time's Lev Grossman tells USA TODAY that interviewing Updike "was an astounding experience. The sentences that came out of his mouth off-the-cuff most people couldn't produce on the page with years of revisions."
But did Updike remain relevant in the 21st century?
"I think that was very much on his mind," Grossman says. "He talked about that a lot. You could tell he was turning it over in his mind, the question of what he was still doing producing books.
"There's no question he made a lot of false starts in his final decades. There were a lot of experiments that were not terribly successful. For example, Toward the End of Time, his science-fiction novel which was a lightweight affair."
But, Grossman adds, "Couples stands out as an astoundingly vivid and dangerous book about sex. The idea that people think Desperate Housewives is new and edgy — it was all there. And the fact that a book like that can shock 40 years after it's published. You won't believe how far he goes."
But he also had his critics, including the late novelist David Foster Wallace, who considered Updike (along with Philip Roth and Norman Mailer) "G.M.N.s" (Great Male Narcissists).
Others contended that Updike wrote beautifully — about not very much. To which, he said, "There is a good deal to be said about almost anything. …My subject is the American small-town, Protestant middle-class. It is in middles that extremes clash, where ambiguity restlessly rules."
But if critics may debate his strengths as novelist, he had no rival if there were a literary award for charm and self-deprecating humor.
Updike called himself a "kind of blue-collar guy who lucked out and became a writer."
Struggles as a child
He was born on March 18, 1932, in the midst of the Depression, in Reading, Pa., and grew up in nearby Shillington as the only son of "penny-pinching parents." His father was a science teacher. His mother was interested in writing and would eventually publish two works of fiction.
As a child, he struggled with a stammer. He later wrote about his lifelong battle with psoriasis, as well as his bad teeth. There may have been no topic he could not write about with elegance and wit.
After attending Harvard on an academic scholarship and art school in England, he began writing for The New Yorker in 1954, after being recruited by the famed E.B. White. By the magazine's count, Updike contributed 862 pieces, including 154 poems, 170 short stories and 327 book reviews.
New Yorker editor David Remnick said in a statement: "Even though his literary career transcended any magazine — he was obviously among the very best writers in the world — he still loved writing for this weekly magazine, loved being part of an enterprise that he joined when he was so young. …I never stopped thinking what he would think of what we were doing."
He may have been a New Yorker writer, but in 1957, Updike moved from Manhattan, fleeing what he called its "cultural hassle." He settled in the Boston suburbs with his first wife, Mary Pennington, and their four children. (He was divorced in 1976; a year later, he married Martha Bernard.)
In his fiction, he periodically ventured into territory different from his usual Massachusetts or Pennsylvania settings. The Coup (1978) dealt with an imaginary African country called Kush. He wrote about South America in Brazil (1994). He never won the Nobel Prize for literature, but one of his fictional characters did — a cranky Jewish writer named Henry Bech, whom he featured in three novels, starting with Bech, a Book (1970).
As he grew older, Updike wrote more about religion, faith and God in novels such as Roger's Version (1986).He also examined the world of the occult, albeit in a lighthearted manner, with The Witches of Eastwick (1984), about three women who turn to devil worship after their marriages break down.
The 1987 film adaptation starred Jack Nicholson, Michelle Pfeiffer, Cher and Susan Sarandon. But as Updike told USA TODAY last year: "It had a beautiful cast but intruded on the world of the witches. It became Nicholson's movie and dissolved into special effects."
The movie also omitted a key part of the 1984 novel: how another woman dies after being cursed by the witches. That death, Updike said, left a "residual sense of guilt" for one of the witches, which Updike explored in a sequel, The Widows of Eastwick, published in October. It was the last book published during his lifetime.
In it, the widows lament old age. One fears, "the cells of my body are getting impatient with me. They're bored with housing my spirit." Another says, "We're ancient."
Asked if he felt ancient, Updike laughed and said, "I'm an innocent. I feel old only when I look at my hands or at myself in the mirror."
Knopf plans to publish two more books by Updike: My Father's Tears and Other Stories, his first collection of new short fiction since 2000, in June, and Endpoint, a poetry collection, in the fall.
Contributing: Deirdre Donahue and Carol Memmott
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What does ‘He’ represent in the Periodic Table? | Helium»the essentials [WebElements Periodic Table]
Element News
Helium: the essentials
Helium is one of the so-called noble gases. Helium gas is an unreactive, colourless, and odourless monoatomic gas. Helium is available in pressurised tanks.
Helium is the second most abundant element in the universe after hydrogen. α-particles are doubly ionised helium atoms, He2+.
Helium is used in lighter than air balloons and while heavier than hydrogen, is far safer since helium does not burn. Speaking after breathing an atmosphere rich in helium results in a squeaky voice (don't try it!).
Helium is present in the atmosphere at about 0.0005% (1 part in 200000) by volume and is an important component within hydrocarbon gases in the USA. Its origin in these gases is traced to the decay of radioactive elements in rocks.
Emma's first birthday balloon is filled with helium and so rises in air.
Helium: historical information
Helium was discovered by Sir William Ramsay and independently by N. A. Langley and P. T. Cleve in 1895 at London, England and Uppsala, Sweden. Origin of name : from the Greek word "helios" meaning "sun".
A French astronomer, Pierre-Jules-César Janssen (1824-1907), first obtained evidence for the existence of helium during the solar eclipse of 1868 in India when he detected a new yellow line (587.49 nm) in the solar spectrum very close to the yellow sodium D-line. It was not possible to produce this line in the laboratory. Sir Norman Lockyer (1836-1920), an English astronomer, recognised that no known element at that time gave this line and named the element helium for the sun. For many years helium was regarded as an element that might exist on the sun although it was unknown on the Earth. Spectroscopists at the time doubted the results concerning helium. However the claims initiated a search for the new element on planet earth. In 1895, Sir William Ramsay discovered helium after treating cleveite, a uranium mineral, with mineral acids. Ramsey sent samples of the gas to Sir William Crookes and Sir Norman Lockyer who identified helium. It was discovered independently in clevite by Cleve and Langley at about the same time. Lockyer and Professor Edward Frankland suggested the name helium.
Helium around us
Read more »
Helium has no biological role.
Helium is present in the atmosphere at about 0.0005% (1 part in 200000) by volume and is an important component within hydrocarbon gases in the USA. Its origin in these gases is traced to the decay of radioactive elements in rocks. Some minerals contain occluded helium and this can be liberated by heating. Some rocks consist of minerals which contain uranium and potassium. These decay to helium and argon and analysis of these gases can be used to determine the age of the rock. The bulk of the western world's supply is obtained from wells in the USA.
Helium is the second most abundant element in the universe. It is very common in the hotter stars. It is an important component in the proton-proton reaction and the carbon cycle in stars.
Abundances for helium in a number of different environments. More abundance data »
Location
Second ionisation energy : 5250.5 kJ mol‑1
Isolation
Isolation : there is very little helium on earth as nearly all present during and immediately after the earth's formation has long since been lost as it is so light. Just about all the helium remaining on the planet is the result of radioactive decay. While there is some helium in the atmosphere, currently its isolation from that source by liquefaction and separation of air is not normally economic. This is bacause it is easier, and cheaper, to isolate the gas from certain natural gases. Concentrations of helium in natural gas in the USA are as high as 7% and other good sources include natural gas from some sources in Poland. It is isolable from these gases by liquefaction and separation of from the natural gas. This would not normally be carried out in the laboratory and helium is available commercially in cylinders under pressure.
Helium isotopes
Read more »
Helium has two isotopes but it consists almost entirely of He-4 with natural He only containing just over 0.0001% of He-3. Thousands of liters of He-3 are used annually in cryogenic applications and He-3 is also used as a neutron counter in nuclear application. He-3 is also applied in magnetic resonance imaging.
| Helium |
The Joad family are characters in which 1939 novel by John Steinbeck? | Periodic Table of Elements - Elements Database
Periodic Table of Elements - Elements Database
Periodic Table
Our periodic table of chemical elements presents complete information on the chemical elements including the chemical element symbol, atomic number, atomic weight and description. The links below lead to the detailed description of most well known chemical elements. Our periodic table information can be useful for chemistry and physics students, as well as science researchers.You can test your Periodic Table knowledge with our Periodic Table Quiz .
Dynamic Periodic Table
The periodic table images below are copyrighted by ElementsDatabase.com and may not be used without permission.
Origins of the Periodic Table of Elements
The Periodic Table displays all known chemical elements which are grouped by chemical properties and atomic structure.
Copper, silver, gold, mercury, tin, lead, and other elements have been known since ancient times and were used to make jewelry, coins, and tools. Phosphorus became the first element to be discovered by Hennig Brand in 1649. It is known as the first scientific discovery of a chemical element.
Early Systematization Attempts
A total of 63 elements have been discovered by 1869. However, the first attempts at systematization occurred in 1829 and 1862. Johan Dobereiner grouped chemical elements into triads, and De Chancourtois formulated a chart with closely related elements.
Mendeleev's Periodic Table
It was only in 1869 when Dmitri Mendeleev, an inventor and chemist of Russian origin, discovered the Periodic Law and organized all chemical elements in columns and rows. The elements were organized based on their physical and chemical properties.
The Extended Periodic Table
It is still to be discovered how far the Periodic Table of Elements extends. According to the American scientist Glenn Seaborg, element 130 is the highest possible. Attempts were made to synthesize several new elements, including unbiseptium, unbihexium, unbiquadium, and unbibium.
Periodic Table Grouping
The Periodic Table includes 18 groups, and each group contains elements with similar chemical and physical properties of the outermost electron shells. The so called typical elements are found in the first two rows.
Groups
Group 1 of the Periodic Table groups together the alkali metals while group 2 contains all alkaline earth metals. The noble gases and halogens are in groups 18 and 17, respectively. The Periodic Table groups elements into the cobalt, chromium, vanadium, scandium, copper, cobalt, and other groups.
Periods
There are 7 periods of elements that group elements with similar properties. Period 1 contains two elements, helium and hydrogen while period 7 contains radioactive elements. The rare earth elements are found in period 6. Many period 6 elements are toxic, heavy, and radioactive.
Blocks
Blocks combine adjacent groups and are also called element families. There are 4 blocks in the Periodic Table - f, d, p, and s. The f block includes inner transition elements and the d block is made of transition elements. The p block includes post-transition metals, semimetals, and nonmetals, with the exception of helium and hydrogen. The s block contains alkaline earths and alkali metals.
Major Categories
The major categories are metalloids, nonmetals, and metals, and most elements in the Periodic Table are metals. Metals are malleable, shiny, and ductile while nonmetals lack metallic properties and are volatile. Metalloids share properties with both nonmetals and metals.
Periodic Table Curious Facts
The Most Expensive Element
Lutetium is a metal and the most expensive chemical element available. The price of 1 gram is $100. Francium, however, is the most expensive element that can be produced. A small amount will cost a few billion.
The Lightest and Heaviest Element
Hydrogen is the lightest element, and it is also the most abundant one. Hydrogen has important commercial applications, for example, hydrogen fuel cells and the manufacture of chemical products. Uranium is the heaviest element that occurs freely in nature. Ununoctium is heavier and the heaviest known chemical element, but it is manmade.
The Rarest Element
The rarest element is astatine, and scientists estimate that the total amount found is less than 1 gram. CERN researchers suggest that its isotopes can be used in cancer treatment therapies.
Precious Metals
The group of precious metals includes elements such as palladium, ruthenium, platinum, iridium, and gold. Other precious metals include osmium, ruthenium, silver, and rhodium. They are used for coinage, jewelry, and alloys and have different commercial applications.
Artificially Made Elements
Some elements are not found in nature but are synthesized in laboratory settings. They are also called synthetic elements and have radioactive properties. Fermium and einsteinium are the first artificially made elements which were discovered in 1952. Today, there are 20 known synthetic or artificially made elements, among which copernicium, roentgenium, dubnium, ununseptium, lawrencium, and others.
The Most Abundant Element in the Universe
About 75 percent of the mass of the universe consists of hydrogen, making it the most abundant element. It is a colorless and odorless gas that makes up nuclear matter. The second most abundant is helium, which accounts for about 25 percent of the mass. Other elements include oxygen, iron, neon, magnesium, carbon, and nitrogen.
How Many Radioactive Elements?
There are 37 radioactive elements in the Periodic Table. Many radioactive isotopes have been isolated as well. The list of radioactive elements includes berkelium, radon, polonium, californium, thorium, and others.
What is the Most Radioactive Element?
Polonium, which is classified as a metal and metalloid, is the most radioactive element that has no stable isotopes. It occurs naturally in very low concentrations. Lawrencium and nobelium are also highly radioactive elements.
Most dense? Least dense?
Osmium is the densest known chemical element with density of 22.61 g/cm3. Other elements with high density include platinum, rhenium, gold, thallium, berkelium, and americium. The least dense element is hydrogen while lithium is the least dense solid metal.
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How many months of the year have 31 days? | 12 Months of the Year
Calendar with holidays worldwide
Tracking the Moon's Orbit
The months of the year originated as a way to mark time and break up the seasons into shorter periods based on the Moon’s orbit around the Earth. Months were invented and first used in Mesopotamia to measure the natural period related to the cycle of the moon.
Names of full moons
The addition of January and February moved the months September , October , November , and December to later in the year so they no longer correspond with the original meaning of their names. In the Roman calendar their original names in Latin mean the “seventh”, “eighth”, “ninth”, and “tenth” month.
Is there a perfect calendar?
There are many calendars that use months to divide up the year. The Islamic calendar, the Hebrew calendar, and the Hindu calendar are a few examples. Although the Gregorian calendar is the most commonly used calendar today, other calendars are still used to calculate certain holidays and annual feasts to correspond with the Gregorian calendar.
Old Names of Months
Months in the ancient Roman calendar include:
Mercedonius - an occasional month after February that would be used to realign the Roman calendar. Today we use Leap Day for this alignment.
Quintilis - renamed July in honor of Julius Caesar in 44 BCE.
Sextilis - renamed August in honor of Roman Emperor Augustus in 8 BCE.
How Many Have 28, 30, or 31 Days?
The Gregorian calendar has 4 months that are 30 days long and 7 months that are 31 days long. February is the only month that is 28 days long in common years and 29 days long in leap years.
The 12 Months of the Year
The Gregorian calendar and the Julian calendar both consist of the following twelve months:
| seven |
In the cartoon comic strip ‘Peanuts’, what is Snoopy’s sister called? | How many months have 31 days, and how many have 28? | Reference.com
How many months have 31 days, and how many have 28?
A:
Quick Answer
February is the only month in the year to have 28 days. There are seven months that have 31 days and four months that have 30 days.
Full Answer
The calendar year is aligned with the Earth's rotation around the sun, which takes approximately 365.25 days. The modern calendar is the Gregorian calendar, which only has 365 days in each year. To keep the calendar aligned with the sun, an extra day is added to February every four years. A year with 29 days in February is known as a leap year because the calendar "leaps" ahead a day to correct for the difference.
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The Ten Commandments appear in which book of the Bible? | Exodus 20 NIV - The Ten Commandments - And God spoke - Bible Gateway
Exodus 20New International Version (NIV)
The Ten Commandments
20 And God spoke all these words:
2 “I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of Egypt, out of the land of slavery.
3 “You shall have no other gods before[ a ] me.
4 “You shall not make for yourself an image in the form of anything in heaven above or on the earth beneath or in the waters below. 5 You shall not bow down to them or worship them; for I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God, punishing the children for the sin of the parents to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me, 6 but showing love to a thousand generations of those who love me and keep my commandments.
7 “You shall not misuse the name of the Lord your God, for the Lord will not hold anyone guiltless who misuses his name.
8 “Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy. 9 Six days you shall labor and do all your work, 10 but the seventh day is a sabbath to the Lord your God. On it you shall not do any work, neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your male or female servant, nor your animals, nor any foreigner residing in your towns. 11 For in six days the Lord made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, but he rested on the seventh day. Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.
12 “Honor your father and your mother, so that you may live long in the land the Lord your God is giving you.
13 “You shall not murder.
14 “You shall not commit adultery.
15 “You shall not steal.
16 “You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor.
17 “You shall not covet your neighbor’s house. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his male or female servant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”
18 When the people saw the thunder and lightning and heard the trumpet and saw the mountain in smoke, they trembled with fear. They stayed at a distance 19 and said to Moses, “Speak to us yourself and we will listen. But do not have God speak to us or we will die.”
20 Moses said to the people, “Do not be afraid. God has come to test you, so that the fear of God will be with you to keep you from sinning.”
21 The people remained at a distance, while Moses approached the thick darkness where God was.
Idols and Altars
22 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Tell the Israelites this: ‘You have seen for yourselves that I have spoken to you from heaven: 23 Do not make any gods to be alongside me; do not make for yourselves gods of silver or gods of gold.
24 “‘Make an altar of earth for me and sacrifice on it your burnt offerings and fellowship offerings, your sheep and goats and your cattle. Wherever I cause my name to be honored, I will come to you and bless you. 25 If you make an altar of stones for me, do not build it with dressed stones, for you will defile it if you use a tool on it. 26 And do not go up to my altar on steps, or your private parts may be exposed.’
Footnotes:
| Exodus |
The Gorce National park is in which European country? | Exodus 20:1-17 NIV - The Ten Commandments - And God spoke - Bible Gateway
Exodus 20:1-17New International Version (NIV)
The Ten Commandments
20 And God spoke all these words:
2 “I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of Egypt, out of the land of slavery.
3 “You shall have no other gods before[ a ] me.
4 “You shall not make for yourself an image in the form of anything in heaven above or on the earth beneath or in the waters below. 5 You shall not bow down to them or worship them; for I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God, punishing the children for the sin of the parents to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me, 6 but showing love to a thousand generations of those who love me and keep my commandments.
7 “You shall not misuse the name of the Lord your God, for the Lord will not hold anyone guiltless who misuses his name.
8 “Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy. 9 Six days you shall labor and do all your work, 10 but the seventh day is a sabbath to the Lord your God. On it you shall not do any work, neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your male or female servant, nor your animals, nor any foreigner residing in your towns. 11 For in six days the Lord made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, but he rested on the seventh day. Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.
12 “Honor your father and your mother, so that you may live long in the land the Lord your God is giving you.
13 “You shall not murder.
14 “You shall not commit adultery.
15 “You shall not steal.
16 “You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor.
17 “You shall not covet your neighbor’s house. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his male or female servant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”
Footnotes:
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‘Jueves’ is Spanish for which day of the week? | Days of the Week in Spanish - Video & Lesson Transcript | Study.com
Days of the Week in Spanish
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Lesson Transcript
Instructor: Ashley Garcias-Casas
In this lesson we will learn the days of the week in Spanish. In addition to vocabulary, you will learn the order of the days. Take note that in Spanish the week starts with Monday rather than Sunday.
What Are the Days of the Week in Spanish?
What a special treat. Today we're going to peek inside Ms. Silva's kindergarten class as they learn the days of the week.
-Buenos días clase!
-Buenos días señorita Silva!
-Ok, clase. 7 días de la semana. Cuál es el primer día de la semana? Marco? (Ok, class. 7 days of the week. What is the first day of the week? Marco?)
-Lunes.
-Bien! Lunes. Luego? (Good! Monday. Then?)
-Martes.
-Excelente! Lunes, martes… todos? (Excellent! Monday, Tuesday... is that all?)
-Miércoles, jueves, viernes, sábado y domingo.
Miércoles (mee-EHR-koh-lehs) means Wednesday. Jueves (hoo-EH-vehs) means Thursday. Viernes (vee-EHR-nehs) means Friday. Sábado (SAH-bah-doh) means Saturday. And domingo (doh-MEEN-goh) means Sunday.
Nursery Rhyme for Days of the Week
Muy bien! Now do we all remember our special song to sing the days of the week? Let's sing it together!
Lunes, martes, miércoles, jueves, viernes, sábado y domingo; lunes, martes, miércoles, jueves, viernes, sábado y domingo.
(Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday; Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday.)
Muy bien clase!
Favorite Days of the Week
-Marco, cuál es tu día favorito de la semana? (Marco, what is your favorite day of the week?)
-Mi día favorito es sábado y también domingo. (My favorite day is Saturday, and also Sunday.)
-Sí? Y por qué? (Yes? And why is that?)
-Porque estoy en casa, y no en la escuela! (Because I'm at home and not in school!)
-Es verdad, Marco. Hay cinco días en la escuela y dos en casa. Estamos en la escuela los lunes, martes, miércoles, jueves y viernes. Y estamos en casa los sábados y domingos.
(It's true, Marco. There are five days at school and two at home. We are at school each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday. And we are at home on Saturday and Sunday.)
×
| Thursday |
Fanny Blankers-Koen was the first woman to win how many gold medals in a single Olympic Games in 1948? | Days of the week in Spanish | Learn all the days of the week in Spanish
Days of the week
Days of the week in Spanish
Is time to learn about days of the week in Spanish. One of the first things you have to learn in Spanish is how to talk about the weekdays. In Spanish this is similar than in any other language, the next list help us to learn it.
If you are learning to speak Spanish language, Week is certainly one of the first things that you should learn. Unlike, other languages, week in Spanish is very easy to write and easy to pronounce. This section shows everything you need to learn in an appropriate way week in Spanish language.
Spanish Days of the Week
Days of the week
My favorite day of the week is Sunday.
Mi día favorito de la semana es el domingo.
My birthday is on Wednesday.
Mi cumpleaños es el miércoles.
My friends and I are going to the disco on Saturday.
Mis amigos y yo, iremos a la discoteca el sábado..
My dad will go to travel on Thursday.
Mi papa se ira de viaje el jueves.
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Violinist Yehudi Menuhin was born in which City? | Yehudi Menuhin | Biography & History | AllMusic
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Artist Biography by Roger Dettmer
The legendary violinist Yehudi Menuhin was the eldest child of Russian-born Hebrew scholars who met in Palestine, emigrated to New York City, and moved to San Francisco soon after their son's birth. After just three years of violin study, Yehudi made a legendary debut at age seven with the local symphony. His Carnegie Hall debut three years later, in the Beethoven Violin Concerto, garnered praise that likened him to Mozart as a prodigy, whereupon the family (which now included sisters Hephzibah and Yaltah) lived gypsy-like in hotels wherever Yehudi was engaged at enormous fees. But the child's talent was instinctive. As Fritz Kreisler was to remark later on, "Because the young Menuhin had anticipated so early and so much of what nature had given him, I foresaw that he would have great difficulties." And he did.
When an eminent elder colleague requested a scale after the boy had played Lalo's Symphonie espagnole flawlessly, Menuhin wrote in his autobiography, Unfinished Journey, "I groped all over the fingerboard like a blind mouse.... I played the violin without being prepared for violin playing." He began recording early on (playing among other works Elgar 's Violin Concerto at 16, with the composer conducting) and continued to concertize, making a world tour of 73 cities during his 19th year. At the end, however, he felt "tired, indifferent, and sad," and in 1936 began an 18-month sabbatical. Menuhin resumed playing in 1938, but never after with the sublime confidence of his preadolescent years.
During World War II he gave more than 500 concerts for Allied and American troops, but stirred a hornet's nest of controversy as the first major Jewish artist to perform in postwar Germany. Likewise, after the Six Day War in the Middle East, he was vilified for performing charity concerts in Arab countries. Increasingly he devoted himself to the training of young artists, both near London (which became his home in 1952) and at Gstaad, Switzerland. Also in 1952 he went to India, became a disciple of yoga, and a colleague of sitarist Ravi Shankar . He recorded with Shankar, as he did subsequently with jazz violinist Stéphane Grappelli. In the middle 1950s Menuhin took up conducting, but was no better schooled than he had been as a child violinist -- and he was conspicuously less successful despite having made a steady stream of recordings begninning in 1958. At age 82 he was guest conducting the Warsaw Symphony on tour when he suffered a fatal heart attack in Berlin.
Menuhin was named Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur in 1948, to the British knighthood in 1965, and to a Lordship in 1993. For his work on behalf of peace worldwide, he was named ambassador of goodwill to UNESCO in 1992. His dedication to the "minds and hearts" of young musicians well may be remembered after his pre-adult celebrity has faded to black. Menuhin married twice, fathered four children, and played frequent recitals with sisters Hephzibah (1920-1981), starting in 1930, and years later with Yaltah (1922-2001), notably at the Bath Festival he founded and directed in the 1960s.
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The islands of Jura, Sanday, Shapinsay and Balta belong to which European country? | Lord Menuhin | Article about Lord Menuhin by The Free Dictionary
Lord Menuhin | Article about Lord Menuhin by The Free Dictionary
http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Lord+Menuhin
Also found in: Dictionary , Thesaurus , Wikipedia .
Menuhin, Yehudi
(yəho͞o`dē mĕn`yo͞oĭn), 1916–99, British violinist and conductor, b. New York City. Menuhin, an extraordinary prodigy, began playing the violin at four. He made his debut with the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra at seven, then studied in Europe with Adolf Busch Busch, Adolf
, 1891–1952, German-Swiss violinist. He studied at the Cologne Conservatory. From 1919 to 1935 he headed outstanding chamber music groups, including the Busch Quartet, one of the greatest of the early 20th cent.
..... Click the link for more information. and Georges Enesco Enesco, Georges
, Rom. George Enescu, 1881–1955, Romanian violinist, composer, and conductor; studied at the Vienna Conservatory and in Paris with Massenet, Fauré, and others.
..... Click the link for more information. . After a world tour (1934–35) of unprecedented success, he retired to study for two years. During World War II he performed hundreds of concerts for Allied troops and relief efforts. He was the founder of Switzerland's Gstaad Festival (1957). Menuhin introduced little-known works and promoted Eastern music in lectures and performances, such as his collaboration with Ravi Shankar Shankar, Ravi
(Robindra Shankar Chowdhury), 1920–2012, Indian sitarist and composer, b. Varanasi. He was the first Indian instrumentalist to attain an international reputation and is credited with introducing traditional Indian music to the West.
..... Click the link for more information. , East Meets West. Bartók Bartók, Béla
, 1881–1945, Hungarian composer and collector of folk music. He studied (1899–1903) and later taught piano at the Royal Academy, Budapest.
..... Click the link for more information. 's Sonata for Solo Violin was written for Menuhin. He became a British subject and was knighted (1985); in 1993 he was created Baron Menuhin of Stoke D'Abernon.
Bibliography
See his Theme and Variations (1972) and Unfinished Journey (1977); biographies by R. Magidoff (1955) and N. Wymer (1961).
His sister, the pianist Hepzibah Menuhin, 1920–81, b. San Francisco, also a prodigy, often appeared in recital with him. Yaltah Menuhin, 1921–2001, b. San Francisco, their sister and the youngest of the three, was also a classical pianist.
Menuhin, Yehudi
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Which US President had children named Tricia and Julie? | All the Presidents Children - Home
All the Presidents Children
Here is the complete website on the children of the Presidents of the United States. Snapshot biographies, trivia and commentary. Excerpts from Doug Wead's New York Times bestseller, All the Presidents' Children.
Start Reading "All the Presidents' Children" in less than a minute on kindle.
Alice Roosevelt
Alice Roosevelt, the colorful and mischievous daughter of Theodore Roosevelt, was a celebrity in her time. The number one hit song in the nation was about her. A color was named after her. When she walked down the grand staircase of the White House on her wedding day, women broke into sobs and some fainted, saying afterward that she was the most beautiful creature they had ever seen.
Robert Todd Lincoln
Former President Taft, President Harding and Lincoln in 1922.
Robert Todd Lincoln, seen above on the right at the dedication of the Lincoln Memorial, was one of the most successful of presidential children. He was one of the wealthiest men in American, serving as president of the Pullman Palace Car Company, the Microsoft of its day. He was the Secretary of War under James Garfield and was Ambassador to the Court of St. James. Heads of State visiting the United States often asked to meet with Abraham Lincoln's son.
Tricia Nixon Cox had the only White House Rose Garden wedding of a presidents' child.
Susan Ford Bales
Susan Ford
Susan Ford Bales, daughter of President Gerald Ford, is a photojournalist, New York Times bestselling mystery writer and chairman of the board of the Betty Ford Clinic. She was an understudy of Ansel Adams. Her pictures have appeared in many of the world's greatest publications.
Michael Reagan
Ronald Reagan with his son, Michael, and grandkids
The Reagan's were a modern family. Maureen and Michael Reagan were children from the President's first marriage. Patti
Davis and Ron Reagan, Jr. were the children of the President and First Lady, Nancy Reagan. Michael is a successful author and television-radio commentator.
Amy Carter
Amy Carter being introduced to Chairman Brezhnev
Amy Carter, youngest daughter to President Jimmy Carter, caught the imagination of the nation. In 1980, the President mentioned her in the national debates, saying that he asked her to name the most important issue in the election and she had said nuclear disarmament. It became an issue for some who joked that the president was getting his advice from his daughter.
| Richard Nixon |
Which hymn is traditionally played before the start of the FA Cup Final? | 1000+ images about PRESDENT NIXON FORD on Pinterest | The white, Julie nixon eisenhower and Tricia nixon cox
Learn more at mapicurious.com
Richard Nixon Birthplace - "I was born in a house my father built." President Richard Nixon (1913-1994) In 1912 Frank and Hannah Nixon built this modest farmhouse on their small citrus ranch. Here Richard Nixon was born, January 9, 1913, and spent his first nine years. He served his country as Congressman, U.S. Senator, Vice President, and 37th President of the United States (1969-1974). He was the first... (continued)
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Stargazy Pie originated in which English county? | The history of Stargazy Pie
The history of Stargazy Pie
Updated on 21 November 2013 | 0 Comments
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The small fishing village of Mousehole, Cornwall gives us one of our best food legends. Andrew Webb investigates.
The history of Stargazy Pie would make a great action movie. It is said to have been created in Mousehole, Cornwall (pronounced mow-zul) in honour of a brave fisherman called Tom Bawcock. Legend has it that Tom sailed out into a violent stormy sea to fish when the village was facing starvation. He returned with seven types of fish which were made into a pie and shared among the townsfolk, thus saving them from famine - hurrah! To this day his heroic deeds are celebrated every 23rd December in the town.
Gazing at the stars
The pie traditionally contained pilchards , with their heads poking out of the pastry crust. Dorothy Hartley mentions Stargazey Pies in her 1953 Food In England with a small drawing of each individual fish lovingly wrapped in pastry, like a fishy sausage roll with the heads protruding. She also describes a large family-sized pie version, and attributes the 'head poking out' effect to the Victorians, although hers are all arranged in a circular pattern with the heads lying at the edge of the pie like numbers on a clock face.
Other versions
Other chefs have taken inspiration from the dish. Mark Hix's version featured rabbit and crayfish under the pastry cover, with four of the crustaceans poking through the crust, and it was the main course at the British Embassy in Paris on the BBC's Great British Menu programme in 2007.
The Ship Inn
Of course there’s scant evidence for the existence of Tom Bawcock, and it seems that the villagers couldn't have been that starving if they somehow found pastry, potatoes and eggs to make the pie. But facts be damned. It’s a great excuse for a party. So if you’re in the region on the 23rd, head to The Ship Inn , where every year they make a big Stargazy Pie. It contains seven types of fish in the pie filling, over which hard-boiled eggs are grated, then the pastry is topped with the obligatory pilchards peeking through.
Have you ever had Stargazy Pie? Are there any other food legends in your area which you'd like to share with us? Let us know in the comments box below.
Stargazy pie image by goodiesfirst
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What is the longest side called on a right-angled triangle? | h2g2 - The Legend of Tom Bawcock of Mousehole and his Stargazy Pie - Edited Entry
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The Legend of Tom Bawcock of Mousehole and his Stargazy Pie Content from the guide to life, the universe and everything
The Legend of Tom Bawcock of Mousehole and his Stargazy Pie
Created
Stargazy pie is a traditional Cornish fish dish which, according to local legend, commemorates Tom Bawcock, a heroic fisherman from Mousehole 1 .
Mousehole
Mousehole is a coastal village in the parish of Penzance which is part of Cornwall, the westernmost county of England. This region is recognised as an area of natural beauty, and as such it is very popular with tourists . Locals today don't have to rely on fish for sustenance to survive, but in the distant past their lives depended on the bounty of the sea. As fish don't leap out of the sea and land in people's kitchens, most of the able-bodied men had to risk their lives by fishing in treacherous waters. Fresh fish can sustain a community on a daily basis, but they had no means of refrigeration to store it for lean times when fishing was impossible, like during a storm.
Such a storm occurred one week during December in the 16th Century. Fishermen could not set sail in such a tempest, for fear of risking their lives, so their boats remained tied up to the moorings in the harbour. The inhabitants of Mousehole faced starving to death but the actions of one brave man saved them all. Tom Bawcock took his boat out on 23 December and St Peter, the patron saint of fishermen, must have been guarding him well. He returned to port safely, and with a full catch of seven different types of fish. These were baked in a huge pie, the villagers were so hungry that nothing was wasted, not even the fish heads. The storm receded and life returned to normal, but the residents of Mousehole did not forget their saviour. A festival is held in his honour on the anniversary of his heroic mission, with singing, dancing and other shenanigans such as people dressing like pirates . Mousehole harbour is lit with Christmas decorations, including one in the shape of a Stargazy pie and there is a lantern parade which is very popular.
Stargazy Pie
The landlord of the local pub, the Ship Inn, prepares Stargazy pie for locals and visitors alike to enjoy on Tom Bawcock's Eve, which is celebrated on the evening of 23 December. As well as containing fish (usually pilchards, but can be sardines or herrings), the pie consists of hard-boiled eggs, chopped bacon, fresh breadcrumbs, chopped onion, milk, the zest and juice of a lemon, herbs and dry cider. However, the most unusual feature is the fish heads (and tails, if wished) poking through the pastry topping, giving an effect of the fish admiring the starry sky as they surface. In between the fish heads the topping can be decorated with the pastry remains, trimmed into star-shapes and a crescent moon to give the effect of the night sky reflected in the sea.
Some people might find the sight of fish heads adorning something they were about to eat a bit stomach-churning. In fact the Stargazy pie appeared at number nine on a list of the most disgusting things people consume, according to the New York Daily News. It was sandwiched between dried lizard from Bangkok, Thailand, and snake whisky from Hanoi, Vietnam (the bottle contains a whisky-pickled King Cobra). Nevertheless, a rabbit variation of the Stargazy pie, using crayfish in place of fish heads, won the Great British Menu in 2007 for chef Mark Hix.
Stargazy Pie in Culture
In the Poldark series of books by Winston Graham, bride Demelza serves up a Stargazy pie to her new husband Ross Poldark, in a bid to impress him with her culinary skills. In the BBC television adaption, this scene was played with great comedic effect as Ross tried to suppress his natural revulsion at the sight of fish heads served up for his supper, while trying not to upset his wife.
The children's book The Mousehole Cat by Antonia Barber is all about fishing, Mousehole and Stargazy pie.
Why the Devil left Cornwall
Plymouth-born Robert Hunt (1807-87), a scientist of some note and collector of Cornish traditions, wrote that the Devil traversed Devon and crossed the River Tamar on his way to Cornwall. Espying a local couple eating a Stargazy pie, he realised Cornish people would make a pie of anything, so he hot-hoofed back to Devon before they could create a devilled Devil delicacy!
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Prosciutto is what type of foodstuff? | prosciutto : Encyclopedia : Food Network
Categories: Prosciutto
Italian for "ham," prosciutto is a term broadly used to describe a ham that has been seasoned, salt-cured (but not smoked) and air-dried. The meat is pressed, which produces a firm, dense texture. Italy's parma ham is the true prosciutto, although others are also now made in the United States. Italian prosciuttos are designated prosciutto cotto, which is cooked, and prosciutto crudo, which is raw (though, because of its curing, ready to eat). This type of Italian ham is also labeled according to its city or region of origin, for example prosciutto di Parma and prosciutto di San Daniele. Prosciutto is available in gourmet and Italian markets and some supermarkets. It's usually sold in transparently thin slices. Prosciutto is best eaten as is and is a classic first course when served with melon or figs. It can also be added at the last minute to cooked foods such as pastas or vegetables. Prolonged cooking will toughen it.
From The Food Lover's Companion, Fourth edition by Sharon Tyler Herbst and Ron Herbst. Copyright © 2007, 2001, 1995, 1990 by Barron's Educational Series, Inc.
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What was the name of the submarine in which film director James Cameron made a solo descent to the deepest place in the Pacific ocean in March 2012? | The Nutrition of Prosciutto / Nutrition / Healthy Eating
Healthy Eating
The salty deli meat known as prosciutto is a common item in upscale sandwich menus, but it's less common as a diet food. Prosciutto is a kind of salt-cured ham that you don't have to cook before eating. Its name comes from an Italian word related to "drying," as the drying stage of curing is important for proper preservation. Take a look at the nutrition of this food, and you'll see why it's not so popular with health-oriented food shoppers and why it tends to be such an obscure part of the mainstream menu.
Nutrition of Prosciutto: Calorie Count
One interesting thing about prosciutto is the number of calories packed into this cured meat. For a random serving of 80 grams or several generous slices of prosciutto, the calorie count comes out to about 200 calories. This is a higher caloric value than many other kinds of meats. For example, a similar serving of tuna would contain about 160 calories. Contrast the calories in prosciutto with the caloric value of non-meat proteins like beans or nuts, and you'll see an even bigger difference. You can see how a few slices of prosciutto can easily weigh down a sandwich or cause the calories of a prepared entree to spike. That's not the only reason that lots of restaurants are cutting down on this kind of food, but it is a major mark against this international delicacy.
Nutrition of Prosciutto: Fat and Cholesterol
In addition to 200 calories, the above serving of prosciutto contains about 14 grams of fat and 5 grams of saturated fat, which is a specific category of fats that you might want to stay away from if you are on a diet. In contrast, many natural foods have none of this fat content. Prosciutto is a distinctly fatty food, which can make it a liability on your table. Prosciutto also contains significant amounts of sodium and cholesterol, two other elements that you might want to eliminate from your grocery list as much as possible. In terms of positive nutrition, you won't see a lot of desirable nutrients in prosciutto, as this meat has no dietary fiber and very little of the essential vitamins and minerals that nutritionists recommend in a daily menu.
All of this shows you why prosciutto is not considered a diet food. Classically, it's a traditional Italian meat that you might use sparingly in sandwiches and pasta dishes. The fatty content keeps this item out of many kitchens - in addition, you might not like the fatty texture, and you may choose to go for low-fat options like chicken or turkey breast. Prosciutto is still available in a lot of local supermarkets, and it can be a great flavor-adding element to a meal. But if you're planning to use prosciutto in your recipes, opt for moderation to avoid overloading your meals with some less than desirable food elements. You'll probably find less fatty meats to be just as tasty and more friendly to your diet and fitness goals.
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What type of creature is Snowball in the 1945 novel ‘Animal Farm’? | Animal Farm Summary - eNotes.com
Animal Farm Summary
Trivia
Animal Farm Summary
In Animal Farm, Old Major convinces the animals of Manor Farm to rebel against their farm’s owner. After Old Major's death, the pigs take control of the farm animals, to disastrous results.
Animal Farm summary key points:
Old Major dies and is succeeded by pigs Snowball and Napoleon, who rally the animals and drive all the humans off the farm.
The pigs produce seven commandments to ensure equality on Animal Farm, but soon begin to award themselves special privileges.
After a power struggle, Napoleon drives Snowball off the farm. He relies on fear and propaganda to keep the animals working on the windmill project.
Life for all animals but pigs becomes brutal; the pigs kill dissenting animals, stand on two legs, drink alcohol, and move into Mr. Jones’s house.
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Summary of the Novel
The animals of Manor Farm have always been miserable under Mr. Jones and his men. They have come to accept their difficult lives as part of the natural order of things. It is Old Major, a prize-winning boar, who shares his dreams with the other animals. He tells them that the cause of all their suffering is man. With man gone, the animals would enjoy the abundance the land provides and build a new society based on equality. He says that Jones has no concern for the animals—that he uses them until they are no longer productive. He butchers the pigs and drowns the dogs when they get old. Old Major predicts that Jones will even sell Boxer, the horse, and the hardest and most faithful worker on the farm, to the slaughterhouse once he is no longer able to work. He encourages the animals to work for this revolution. He warns them never to become like man and to always treat each other as equals.
Three nights later, Old Major dies, and the task of preparing the animals for the revolution falls to the pigs, who are smarter than the others and who later teach themselves to read. Three young pigs, the intellectual Snowball, the domineering Napoleon and the eloquent Squealer, organize Old Major’s dream of the future into a political philosophy called Animalism.
When the drunken Mr. Jones fails to feed the animals one night, the animals drive him and his men off the farm. They change the name to “Animal Farm,” and the pigs, who seem to have assumed leadership, write the principles of Animalism, reduced to Seven Commandments, on the barn wall. These are to be the unalterable rules by which the animals will live ever after:
1. Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy.
2. Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend.
3. No animal shall wear clothes.
4. No animal shall sleep in a bed.
5. No animal shall drink alcohol.
6. No animal shall kill any other animal.
7. All animals are equal.
At first the revolution seems to be a success. All of the animals, directed and supervised by the pigs, work hard to bring in the harvest. But there are indications from the beginning that the pigs treat themselves specially. They remain the supervisors, doing no physical labor, and they take extra food (mild and windfall apples) for themselves instead of sharing with the others. Meanwhile Jones, with the aid of his neighbors, tries to retake the farm. They are driven off at the “Battle of the Cowshed” by the military tactics of Snowball and the strength of Boxer. Both are decorated as heroes for their roles in the victory.
A power struggle for control of Animal Farm develops between Snowball and Napoleon, and it culminates with the building of a windmill. When the animals seem about to vote in favor of the project, Napoleon, who opposes the plan, unleashes nine dogs he has been training secretly to follow his orders without question. Snowball is chased off the farm, barely escaping the jaws of the dogs. In a turnabout, Napoleon orders that work on the windmill begin. The work is difficult, and the animals suffer in the process. When a storm blows the windmill down, Napoleon blames the exiled Snowball and condemns him as an enemy. Napoleon exploits the animals’ fear that Jones will return and their fear of his fierce dogs to consolidate his power. He uses Squealer to lie to the animals and convince them that things aren’t what they seem. As work on the second windmill begins, Napoleon and the pigs become more and more corrupt. They change the commandments, move into Jones’s house, and drink whisky. Napoleon even kills other animals who dare to stand up to his authority.
The second windmill is blown up in an attack by Frederick, after he steals wood from Animal Farm, by paying for it with counterfeit money. But Napoleon pronounces this defeat to be a great victory, and work begins on a third attempt to build a windmill. None of the promises of leisure time and comfort come true—no heat or electricity in the barn, no machines to do their hard work. In fact, life grows harder for all of the animals, except the pigs, and food is scarcer. When Boxer, the hardest worker on the farm, is hurt, Napoleon sells him to the horse slaughterer. Squealer convinces the others that Boxer died in the hospital after getting the best treatment. Old Major’s prediction about Boxer has come true, but it is Napoleon who is the villain.
In the end, the pigs completely subvert the ideals of Animalism. They are the new masters. They walk on two legs. They violate and change each of the Seven Commandments. Ultimately, these commandments are erased and replaced with only one: “All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others.” In the final scene, Mr. Pilkington comes for a tour and Napoleon announces some changes. The name is changed back to “Manor Farm,” and a new level of understanding is reached between pig and man. The book ends when someone cheats in a card game. The animals, watching from outside, cannot tell the difference between the pigs and the men.
The Life and Work of George Orwell
George Orwell was born Eric Hugh Blair in 1903 in Motihari, Bengal, India. He was the second of three children, and the only boy, born to Richard and Ida Blair. His elder sister, Marjorie, and his younger sister, Avril, completed this middle-class Anglo-Indian family. His dour, discouraging father was an agent in the Opium Department of the British Civil Service. As was the custom with such middle-class children born abroad, he was sent back to England for his education. His mother, a modern, rather left-wing woman and militant suffragette, accompanied him.
Orwell attended the best English schools, including Eton College (1917-1921), a school that epitomized “traditional” British education. Poorer than the other students and feeling insecure about himself, he never quite fit in with the rest of his classmates. Politically, he had difficulty accepting the world of British imperialism that surrounded him. These feelings of being an “outsider,” coupled with Orwell’s firm belief (which he expressed early in his life to friends and family) that he felt fated to become a “great writer,” affected the course of his entire life. Influenced by his mother’s “revolutionary” politics and charged by his own political ideas, Orwell ultimately turned to a writing career.
However, when he graduated from Eton College in 1921, Orwell briefly followed the family tradition and entered civil service as a member of the Indian Imperial Police in Burma. He served in this position from 1922 to 1927, gathering material for his two most famous essays, “On Shooting an Elephant” and “A Hanging.” During these five years, he witnessed and participated in the British policies of colonialism. A Socialist at heart, Orwell came to the conclusion that British imperialism was futile and destined to come to an end.
Orwell returned to England to devote his time to writing and supported himself in this period of fairly severe poverty with a series of temporary jobs and journalistic writing assignments. An account of these difficult years was recorded in his first book, Down and Out in Paris and London (1933). His novel Burmese Days (1934) came from his Far East experiences. It was followed by A Clergyman’s Daughter (1935) and Keep the Aspidistra Flying (1936), which expressed his negative attitudes toward British society. An assignment covering the lives of the miners of northern England enabled Orwell to share the experiences and hardships of these working-class people.
Orwell married Eileen O’Shaughnessy in the summer of 1936. At the end of that year, he and his new wife left for Spain where he joined a “Trotskyist” unit of the militia and fought in the Spanish Civil War. What he witnessed there shook his Socialist ideals. He was appalled by the brutal tactics employed by the Communists who were armed by the Soviet Union and turned loose against Stalin’s political enemies in Spain. Orwell was wounded in Spain and diagnosed with tuberculosis upon his return to England. An account of his Spanish experiences is the subject of Homage to Catalonia (1938), an autobiographical work.
During World War II, Orwell was kept out of active service because of his worsening health. He continued to contribute to the war effort through his writing and his broadcasts to India over the BBC. When his wife died in 1943 during a minor operation, Orwell left London and went to the Hebrides Islands with his adopted son. From November 1943 to January 1944, he worked on Animal Farm, which he published in 1945 as the war was coming to an end. His tuberculosis grew worse but his writing continued. He completed 1984, a political novel which he began in 1948 and saw published in 1949, just six months before his death on January 21, 1950, at the age of 46.
Estimated Reading Time
Animal Farm is a relatively short book of about 130 pages in 10 chapters. Each chapter is approximately 12 pages long. By breaking your reading time into five half-hour segments, two chapters at a sitting, you can read the book in three hours.
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| Pig |
Black Sigatoka is a leaf spot disease of which fruit plant? | Animal Farm - Wikiquote
Animal Farm
ALL ANIMALS ARE EQUAL
BUT SOME ANIMALS ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS.
Animal Farm (1945) is a satirical novella (which can also be understood as a modern fable or allegory) by George Orwell , ostensibly about a group of animals who oust the humans from the farm on which they live. They run the farm themselves, only to have it degenerate into a brutal tyranny of its own.
Contents
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Chapter 1
No argument must lead you astray. Never listen when they tell you that Man and the animals have a common interest, that the prosperity of the one is the prosperity of the others. It is all lies.
Now, comrades, what is the nature of this life of ours? Let us face it: our lives are miserable, laborious, and short. We are born, we are given just so much food as will keep the breath in our bodies, and those of us who are capable of it are forced to work to the last atom of our strength; and the very instant that our usefulness has come to an end we are slaughtered with hideous cruelty. No animal in England knows the meaning of happiness or leisure after he is a year old. No animal in England is free. The life of an animal is misery and slavery: that is the plain truth.
Why then do we continue in this miserable condition? Because nearly the whole of the produce of our labour is stolen from us by human beings. There, comrades, is the answer to all our problems. It is summed up in a single word--Man. Man is the only real enemy we have. Remove Man from the scene, and the root cause of hunger and overwork is abolished for ever.
Man is the only creature that consumes without producing. He does not give milk, he does not lay eggs, he is too weak to pull the plough, he cannot run fast enough to catch rabbits. Yet he is lord of all the animals. He sets them to work, he gives back to them the bare minimum that will prevent them from starving, and the rest he keeps for himself. Our labour tills the soil, our dung fertilises it, and yet there is not one of us that owns more than his bare skin.
Is it not crystal clear, then, comrades, that all the evils of this life of ours spring from the tyranny of human beings? Only get rid of Man, and the produce of our labour would be our own. Almost overnight we could become rich and free. What then must we do? Why, work night and day, body and soul, for the overthrow of the human race! That is my message to you, comrades: Rebellion!
Remember, comrades, your resolution must never falter. No argument must lead you astray. Never listen when they tell you that Man and the animals have a common interest, that the prosperity of the one is the prosperity of the others. It is all lies. Man serves the interests of no creature except himself. And among us animals let there be perfect unity, perfect comradeship in the struggle. All men are enemies. All animals are comrades.
The vote was taken at once, and it was agreed by an overwhelming majority that rats were comrades. There were only four dissentients, the three dogs and the cat, who was afterwards discovered to have voted on both sides.
All the habits of Man are evil. And, above all, no animal must ever tyrannise over his own kind. Weak or strong, clever or simple, we are all brothers. No animal must ever kill any other animal. All animals are equal.
Chapter 2
"Comrade," said Snowball, "those ribbons that you are so devoted to are the badge of slavery. Can you not understand that liberty is worth more than ribbons?"
The Seven Commandments:
Chapter 3
Donkeys live a long time. None of you has ever seen a dead donkey.
The importance of keeping the pigs in good health was all too obvious. So it was agreed without further argument that the milk and the windfall apples (and also the main crop of apples when they ripened) should be reserved for the pigs alone.
Nobody stole, nobody grumbled over his rations, the quarreling and biting and jealousy which had been normal features of life in the old days had almost disappeared.
Old Benjamin, the donkey, seemed quite unchanged since the Rebellion. He did his work in the same slow obstinate way as he had done it in Jones's time, never shirking and never volunteering for extra work either. About the Rebellion and its results he would express no opinion. When asked whether he was not happier now that Jones was gone, he would say only "Donkeys live a long time. None of you has ever seen a dead donkey," and the others had to be content with this cryptic answer.
Four legs good, two legs bad.
The early apples were now ripening, and the grass of the orchard was littered with windfalls. The animals had assumed as a matter of course that these would be shared out equally; one day, however, the order went forth that all the windfalls were to be collected and brought to the harness-room for the use of the pigs. At this some of the other animals murmured, but it was no use. All the pigs were in full agreement on this point, even Snowball and Napoleon. Squealer was sent to make the necessary explanations to the others.
"Comrades!" he cried. "You do not imagine, I hope, that we pigs are doing this in a spirit of selfishness and privilege? Many of us actually dislike milk and apples. I dislike them myself. Our sole object in taking these things is to preserve our health. Milk and apples (this has been proved by Science, comrades) contain substances absolutely necessary to the well-being of a pig. We pigs are brainworkers. The whole management and organisation of this farm depend on us. Day and night we are watching over your welfare. It is for YOUR sake that we drink that milk and eat those apples. Do you know what would happen if we pigs failed in our duty? Jones would come back! Yes, Jones would come back! Surely, comrades," cried Squealer almost pleadingly, skipping from side to side and whisking his tail, "surely there is no one among you who wants to see Jones come back?"
Now if there was one thing that the animals were completely certain of, it was that they did not want Jones back. When it was put to them in this light, they had no more to say. The importance of keeping the pigs in good health was all too obvious. So it was agreed without further argument that the milk and the windfall apples (and also the main crop of apples when they ripened) should be reserved for the pigs alone.
Chapter 4
"No sentimentality, comrade!" cried Snowball from whose wounds the blood was still dripping. "War is war. The only good human being is a dead one."
Chapter 5
Until now the animals had been about equally divided in their sympathies, but in a moment Snowball’s eloquence had carried them away.
Do not imagine, comrades, that leadership is a pleasure. On the contrary, it is a deep and heavy responsibility. No one believes more firmly than Comrade Napoleon that all animals are equal. He would be only too happy to let you make your decisions for yourselves. But sometimes you might make the wrong decisions, comrades, and then where should we be?
Squealer
Chapter 6
All that year the animals worked like slaves. But they were happy in their work; they grudged no effort or sacrifice, well aware that everything that they did was for the benefit of themselves and those of their kind who would come after them, and not for a pack of idle, thieving human beings.
Once again the animals were conscious of a vague uneasiness. Never to have any dealings with human beings, never to engage in trade, never to make use of money— had not these been among the earliest resolutions passed at the first triumphant Meeting when Jones was expelled? All the animals remembered passing such resolutions: or at least they thought that they remembered it.
Afterwards Squealer made a round of the farm and set the animals' minds at rest. He assured them that the resolution against engaging in trade and using money had never been passed, or even suggested. It was pure imagination, probably traceable in the beginning to lies circulated by Snowball. A few animals still felt faintly doubtful, but Squealer asked them shrewdly, "Are you certain that this is not something that you have dreamed, comrades? Have you any record of such a resolution? Is it written down anywhere?" And since it was certainly true that nothing of the kind existed in writing, the animals were satisfied that they had been mistaken.
Comrades, do you know who is responsible for this? Do you know the enemy who has come in the night and overthrown our windmill? SNOWBALL!
Napoleon
Chapter 7
Whenever anything went wrong it became usual to attribute it to Snowball. If a window was broken or a drain was blocked up, someone was certain to say that Snowball had come in the night and done it, and when the key of the store-shed was lost, the whole farm was convinced that Snowball had thrown it down the well. Curiously enough, they went on believing this even after the mislaid key was found under a sack of meal.
"Ah, that is different!" said Boxer . "If Comrade Napoleon says it, it must be right."
And so the tale of confessions and executions went on, until there was a pile of corpses lying before Napoleon's feet and the air was heavy with the smell of blood, which had been unknown there since the expulsion of Jones.
When it was all over, the remaining animals, except for the pigs and dogs, crept away in a body. They were shaken and miserable. They did not know which was more shocking--the treachery of the animals who had leagued themselves with Snowball, or the cruel retribution they had just witnessed. In the old days there had often been scenes of bloodshed equally terrible, but it seemed to all of them that it was far worse now that it was happening among themselves. Since Jones had left the farm, until today, no animal had killed another animal.
As Clover looked down the hillside her eyes filled with tears. If she could have spoken her thoughts, it would have been to say that this was not what they had aimed at when they had set themselves years ago to work for the overthrow of the human race. These scenes of terror and slaughter were not what they had looked forward to on that night when old Major first stirred them to rebellion. If she herself had had any picture of the future, it had been of a society of animals set free from hunger and the whip, all equal, each working according to his capacity, the strong protecting the weak, as she had protected the lost brood of ducklings with her foreleg on the night of Major's speech. Instead--she did not know why--they had come to a time when no one dared speak his mind, when fierce, growling dogs roamed everywhere, and when you had to watch your comrades torn to pieces after confessing to shocking crimes. There was no thought of rebellion or disobedience in her mind. She knew that, even as things were, they were far better off than they had been in the days of Jones, and that before all else it was needful to prevent the return of the human beings. Whatever happened she would remain faithful, work hard, carry out the orders that were given to her, and accept the leadership of Napoleon. But still, it was not for this that she and all the other animals had hoped and toiled.
Animal Farm, Animal Farm,
Never through me shalt thou come to harm!
Chapter 8
Somehow it seemed as though the farm had grown richer without making the animals themselves any richer — except, of course, for the pigs and the dogs.
A few days later, when the terror caused by the executions had died down, some of the animals remembered--or thought they remembered--that the Sixth Commandment decreed "No animal shall kill any other animal." And though no one cared to mention it in the hearing of the pigs or the dogs, it was felt that the killings which had taken place did not square with this. Clover asked Benjamin to read her the Sixth Commandment, and when Benjamin, as usual, said that he refused to meddle in such matters, she fetched Muriel. Muriel read the Commandment for her. It ran: "No animal shall kill any other animal WITHOUT CAUSE." Somehow or other, the last two words had slipped out of the animals' memory. But they saw now that the Commandment had not been violated; for clearly there was good reason for killing the traitors who had leagued themselves with Snowball.
Napoleon was now never spoken of simply as "Napoleon." He was always referred to in formal style as "our Leader, Comrade Napoleon," and this pigs liked to invent for him such titles as Father of All Animals, Terror of Mankind, Protector of the Sheep-fold, Ducklings' Friend, and the like. In his speeches, Squealer would talk with the tears rolling down his cheeks of Napoleon's wisdom the goodness of his heart, and the deep love he bore to all animals everywhere, even and especially the unhappy animals who still lived in ignorance and slavery on other farms. It had become usual to give Napoleon the credit for every successful achievement and every stroke of good fortune. You would often hear one hen remark to another, "Under the guidance of our Leader, Comrade Napoleon, I have laid five eggs in six days"; or two cows, enjoying a drink at the pool, would exclaim, "Thanks to the leadership of Comrade Napoleon, how excellent this water tastes!"
At the foot of the end wall of the big barn, where the Seven Commandments were written, there lay a ladder broken in two pieces. Squealer, temporarily stunned, was sprawling beside it, and near at hand there lay a lantern, a paint-brush, and an overturned pot of white paint. The dogs immediately made a ring round Squealer, and escorted him back to the farmhouse as soon as he was able to walk. None of the animals could form any idea as to what this meant, except old Benjamin, who nodded his muzzle with a knowing air, and seemed to understand, but would say nothing.
But a few days later Muriel, reading over the Seven Commandments to herself, noticed that there was yet another of them which the animals had remembered wrong. They had thought the Fifth Commandment was "No animal shall drink alcohol," but there were two words that they had forgotten. Actually the Commandment read: "No animal shall drink alcohol TO EXCESS."
Chapter 9
For the time being, certainly, it had been found necessary to make a readjustment of rations (Squealer always spoke of it as a "readjustment," never as a "reduction"), but in comparison with the days of Jones, the improvement was enormous. Reading out the figures in a shrill, rapid voice, he proved to them in detail that they had more oats, more hay, more turnips than they had had in Jones's day, that they worked shorter hours, that their drinking water was of better quality, that they lived longer, that a larger proportion of their young ones survived infancy, and that they had more straw in their stalls and suffered less from fleas. The animals believed every word of it. Truth to tell, Jones and all he stood for had almost faded out of their memories. They knew that life nowadays was harsh and bare, that they were often hungry and often cold, and that they were usually working when they were not asleep. But doubtless it had been worse in the old days. They were glad to believe so. Besides, in those days they had been slaves and now they were free, and that made all the difference, as Squealer did not fail to point out.
Chapter 10
Somehow it seemed as though the farm had grown richer without making the animals themselves any richer — except, of course, for the pigs and the dogs.
Four legs good, two legs better!
ALL ANIMALS ARE EQUAL,
BUT SOME ANIMALS ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS.
The creatures outside looked from pig to man, and from man to pig, and from pig to man again; but already it was impossible to say which was which.
Quotes about Animal Farm
In Animal Farm, though Napoleon and the pigs may not "own" the means to production in the technical sense of possessing a legal piece of paper that says they do … the pigs behave as if they own the farm and have a canine police force to back up their claim.
Peter Edgerly Firchow, in Modern Utopian Fictions from H.G. Wells to Iris Murdoch (2007), p. 106
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Which game was nicknamed ‘Wiff Waff’? | World Wide Words: Whiff-waff
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Whiff-waff
Alexander Boris de Pfeffel Johnson, Mayor of London, had a good 2012 Olympics. He was in the news almost every day through popping up in bumbling good humour in the media and at many events. Even his being stuck on a zip-wire 15ft above the ground on the banks of the Thames for several minutes, which would have been a humiliating catastrophe for most politicians, was salvaged by his banter with the watching audience.
Another frequent reference to him in news reports in the past two weeks has been to his speech at a party to mark the handover of the Olympic flag at the end of the 2008 Beijing Olympics. He declaimed, “Ping-pong was invented on the dining tables of England, ladies and gentlemen, in the 19th century. [CHEERS] It was, and it was called whiff-whaff.” Experts jumped on him at the time, telling him he’d got his facts wrong. Chuck Hoey, Curator of the International Table Tennis Federation’s Museum in Lausanne, wrote a heavily illustrated article setting out all the facts, which he entitled Boris Johnson and the Whiff-Waff Gaffe.
Yes, Whiff-Waff. No second h. Every journalist who has written of Whiff-Whaff in recent weeks has spelled it wrong (including those on 28 July who reported the claim by the French ambassador to London, Bernard Emié, that table tennis was invented in France, which led to a furious rebuttal by Johnson). We probably can’t blame Boris for the way the Beijing reports were spelled, as his comments were on TV and reporters naturally wrote it the way it sounded through the overwhelming influence of standard word reduplication. However, Boris did use the whiff-whaff spelling in his book Johnson’s Life of London of 2011. There’s nothing new in the error — every reference I’ve found on both sides of the Atlantic going back to the 1930s has included both hs.
An original boxed set of Whiff-Waff
Mr Hoey explained that Whiff-Waff was actually a latecomer to the game, being registered as a trademark by the British manufacturer Slazenger on 31 December 1900. I have failed to find contemporary newspaper references to the product or even advertisements for it, so we must assume that it wasn’t hugely successful. The name survived better in the US than in the UK, which is perhaps why one French website suggests that it was an American invention. Unlike Whiff-Waff, the name of the competitor trademarked by Hamley Brothers of London four months earlier has entered the language: Ping-Pong. An onomatopoeic allusion to the sound of ball on bat and table, the name seems to have been known earlier to describe an improvised indoor version of lawn tennis (in tradition, played by bored army officers using balls made from champagne corks and bats fashioned from cigar box lids).
Gossima was just one of the games being promoted by Jaques and Son for Christmas 1898. This advertisement appeared in The Graphic on 10 December that year.
Jaques and Son, also of London, brought out Gossima in 1891, which had some success, though a decade later it was incorporated into Ping-Pong, being sold for a while under both names. The true creator of the game, Mr Hoey explained, was the unsung David Foster, who patented a version in 1890 but had no commercial success with it.
Incidentally, the name now standard for the game, table tennis, is recorded from the late 1880s for a number of games, including one whose description reads like a cross between tabletop lawn tennis and billiards (using cues, not bats), and one that was in essence tiddlywinks. But when Gossima was noted in The Graphic on 3 December 1892, it was described as “a new table-tennis game”, which showed that the word had by then become known to mean something near its modern sense — illustrations show Gossima was essentially the game we now know.
The one unexplained issue is why Slazenger should have come up with such an odd name as Whiff-Waff. The Ogden Standard-Examiner of Utah reported in 1966 that the US Table Tennis Association had said it was because of the knitted web ball it used. (Before celluloid ones were introduced in 1901, players had used rubber balls or cork balls covered with a net.) That may explain the whiff (a slight gust of wind) but not the waff, though that’s a Scottish word meaning a waving movement, as of the hand, a relative of waft. It’s just as likely (that is, not very) that it’s from the English dialect term, whiff-whaff, known also in the US at the time, meaning trifling words or actions. That really would put the game in perspective.
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Paul Weller was the lead singer in which 1970’s/1980’s band? | Celebrate | Wiff Waff
Wiff Waff
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Celebrate
In September 2013, Wiff Waff successfully fundraised Commonwealth Games funding to run ‘United Nations of Wiff Waff’ at Out of the Blue. The 8-month project, which led up to the Commonwealth Games in August 2014, was an opportunity to expand on the activity of Wiff Waff to develop tiered participation by
• Creating a weekly outreach programme with local school, Leith Primary School for 8 – 11 yr olds.
• Developing a weekly Junior Wiff Waff event on Friday afternoons at The Drill Hall for teenagers. 3 volunteer coaches were trained up to UK Level 1 coaching standards to run the club for up to 20 young people.
• Further enhancing the monthly Wiff Waff Wednesday event by commissioning artists to create new work which was showcased at the monthly events.
The ‘United Nations of Wiff Waff’ programme started on January 1st 2014 at the Drill Hall with a special Opening night, in keeping with the Scottish New Year traditions. The programme ran from January to July 2014 with monthly internationally themed nights, until we hosted our own Opening Night ceremony, coinciding with that of the Commonwealth Games.
An exhibition of posters was displayed in the main Drill Hall space over two weeks, closing with a community celebration and competition day on the day of the Women’s/Men’s table tennis finals, which was screened live in The Drill Hall.
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Which Australian cricket ground is known as ‘The Gabba’? | The Gabba - Home
The Gabba
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Brisbane Lions v North Melbourne
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What does the Latin phrase ‘Errare humane est’ translate to in English? | The Ashes: our full guide to the Gabba in Brisbane | Sport | The Guardian
Australia's Test record here Played 48, won 28, lost 8, drawn 11, tied 1
England's Test record herePlayed 17, won 4, lost 9, drawn 4
History Officially known as the Brisbane Cricket Ground, the 'Gabba took its name from the suburb of Woolloongabba. It has been used since 1895 but did not host a Test match until 1931. Matches in Brisbane were previously played at the Exhibition Ground.
Dimensions The Gabba's playing area is 149.9m wide and 170.6m long.
Atmosphere Generally a happy, boisterous crowd, particularly after a few Bundaberg Rums. Which is no bad thing given that tropical storms tend to impact on some Gabba games. The Ashes Test in 1998-99 was foreshortened by one. And the Australian batsman Dean Jones, acting as 12th man, wore a helmet on to the field once to protect himself from hailstones.
Ashes classic In 1974, after some time in the doldrums, Australia unleash the awesome power of Dennis Lillee and Jeff Thomson together here. Thomson (9/105) and Lillee (4/97) skittle England and the tide has turned.
Last time After being put in to bat, Australia won by 384 runs, bowling out England for 79 in the second innings.
Happy hunting ground This is relative, of course, but amid England's depressing start to the last Ashes series at the Gabba (79 all out in their second innings, defeat by 384 runs), Ashley Giles at least made steps towards the plate with a tidy four-for in the first innings and six wickets in the match.
Strange but true Brisbane band Powderfinger named a recent album 'Vulture Street' after one of the ends at the Gabba.
Pitch watch Traditionally a seamer's wicket and environment, it has morphed into a nice batting strip in recent years under curator Kevin Mitchell jnr's watch. Offers something for everyone and is arguably the best cricket pitch in the country, although a captain winning the toss still will be tempted to take advantage of the first-morning moisture.
Will it reverse swing? "I think Mike Kasprowicz's had a bit of success with it, but because the outfield is pretty lush and there's a fair bit of grass normally on the wicket area, they tend to try to keep the shine up on the other side. So it's generally more conventional swing bowling with the new ball. At some stage it might swing the other way if you worked hard enough on it." (Curator Kevin Mitchell jnr)
Pitch characteristics pace: 8/10; bounce: 9/10; swing 8/10; spin 7/10.
Typical weather Pleasantly warm, at 25C, while the few clouds should offer shade and swing.
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Which US singer married Debbie Reynolds, Elizabeth Taylor and Connie Stevens? | US singer Eddie Fisher dies at 82 - BBC News
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US singer Eddie Fisher dies at 82
24 September 2010
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Image caption Eddie Fisher on the day of his wedding to Elizabeth Taylor in 1959
US singer Eddie Fisher, who sold millions of records in the 50s and was married to Elizabeth Taylor and Debbie Reynolds, has died at the age of 82.
Fisher was a teen idol in the 1950s with dozens of Top 40 hits and his own TV show.
His marriage to Debbie Reynolds produced two children, including Carrie Fisher, who starred as Princess Leia in the original Star Wars trilogy.
Fisher was married five times in all, including also to Connie Stevens.
One of the greatest voices of the century passed away - he was an extraordinary talent
Fisher family statement
Fisher's top songs included Thinking of You, Any Time and Oh, My Pa-pa.
His divorce from Debbie Reynolds to marry Elizabeth Taylor caused sensational headlines.
'American icon'
His daughter, Tricia Leigh Fisher, told Associated Press that Fisher had died on Wednesday night of complications from hip surgery at a hospital in Berkeley, California.
Image caption Eddie Fisher had two children with Connie Stevens, his third wife
"Late last evening the world lost a true America icon," Fisher's family said in a statement. "One of the greatest voices of the century passed away. He was an extraordinary talent."
Edwin Jack Fisher was born in August 1928 in Philadelphia.
He married Debbie Reynolds in 1955 and the pair were dubbed "America's favourite couple".
But he sensationally divorced her after Elizabeth Taylor's husband, and Fisher's best friend, Mike Todd, was killed in a 1958 plane crash.
Fisher and Taylor married in 1959 but it lasted only five years. She then married Richard Burton.
Fisher then had two daughters with Connie Stevens and he married twice more.
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Which author created James Bond? | Singer, Serial Star Romancer Eddie Fisher Dies | E! News
Singer, Serial Star Romancer Eddie Fisher Dies
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Eddie Fisher was known for his scandalous love life just as much as, if not more than, the voice that made him a star.
The singer, who was married five times and in 1958 divorced Debbie Reynolds to hook up with Elizabeth Taylor , died Wednesday night at a Berkeley hospital of complications following hip surgery. He was 82.
Fisher's major hits as a crooner included the standards "Thinking of You," "Any Time" and "I'm Yours." But it was the stories that inspired his 1999 autobiography Been There, Done That that set Hollywood tabloids ablaze for decades afterward.
Fisher, one of seven children born to a Philadelphia grocer, moved to New York as a teenager to pursue a singing career. He sold millions of records and became a favorite among the teenybopper set.
He tied the knot with Singin' in the Rain star Debbie Reynolds in 1955. They had two children, Todd and Carrie Fisher , and were tauted as "America's Favorite Couple."
Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Until Fisher's buddy, film and theater producer Mike Todd, was killed in a plane crash, that is. Fisher fell in love with Todd's grieving widow, Elizabeth Taylor. They were married in May 1959 after he secured a quickie divorce from Reynolds.
Carrie Fisher was reportedly furious with her father over the things he wrote about Reynolds in Been There, Done That, in which he stated that her wholesome image was a careful construct.
"Debbie's whole life has been an act," Fisher wrote (and that was one of the nicer sentiments). Carrie Fisher, for her part, threatened for a time to change her last name to Reynolds.
Taylor famously converted to Judaism for Fisher, who had a small role in Butterfield 8, for which she won an Oscar, but Liz ultimately left him for Richard Burton. (And the rest of that is history.)
Fisher married Connie Stevens in 1967, resulting in the arrival of daughters Joely Fisher and Tricia Leigh Fisher, but they were done two years later.
The singer, who branched out into acting but never found the same success as he had selling records, was also linked to Judy Garland and Ann-Margret.
"All those romances took too much energy," Fisher told the Los Angeles Times in 1990. "But before you do anything, you've got to work. Romance is for kids. There are times when everything is perfect, but it doesn't last."
He was married to fourth wife Terry Richards, a 21-year-old beauty queen, for a matter of months, then settled down with Betty Lin, who he stayed married to from 1993 until her death in 2001.
"Late last evening the world lost a true America icon," Fisher's family said in a statement Thursday. "One of the greatest voices of the century passed away. He was an extraordinary talent and a true mensch."
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Which branch of the British military did fictional character James Bond serve in? | James Bond (Character) - Biography
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from Dr. No (1962)
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COMMANDER JAMES BOND, CMG, RNVR (Sean Connery, George Lazenby, Roger Moore, Timothy Dalton, Pierce Brosnan, Daniel Craig), a/k/a AGENT 007 OF HM SECRET SERVICE, and once miscalled SIR JAMES BOND KCMG (David Niven), was and is the most valuable member of that elite force within Her Majesty's Secret Service known as the Double O section, the members of which are literally licensed to kill. (In fact, Admiral Sir Miles Messervy, the first " M " or head of the Secret Service when Bond got his Double O number, once offered to recommend Commander Bond for knighthood. Out of the sheer stubbornness of the Scottish peasant he was and is, Bond definitely refused. See Fleming I, The Man With the Golden Gun, for details.)
Background
In Fleming's stories James Bond is an ageless character in his mid-to-late thirties. In Moonraker, he admits to being eight years shy of mandatory retirement. James Bond's birth year is unknown because Fleming changed the dates and times of events. Most researchers and biographers conclude that he was born either in 1917, 1920, 1921, or 1924 (see more). Fleming never said where James Bond was born, although people have speculated based on derivative works. You Only Live Twice reveals Bond is the son of a Scottish father, Andrew Bond, of Glencoe, and a Swiss mother, Monique Delacroix, of the Canton de Vaud. The boy James Bond spends much of his early life abroad, becoming multilingual in German and French because of his father's work as a Vickers armaments company representative. When his parents are killed in a mountain climbing accident in the Aiguilles Rouges near Chamonix, eleven-year-old James is orphaned.
In On Her Majesty's Secret Service, the Bond family motto might be Orbis non sufficit (Latin for "The world is not enough"). The coat of arms and motto belonged to the historical Sir Thomas Bond; his relation to James Bond is unclear and neglected by the latter. In fact, he is indifferent to his potential genealogical relationship to Sir Thomas Bond, demonstrated by his abrupt response to Griffin Or on being told of the motto: Griffin Or broke in excitedly, 'And this charming motto of the line, "The World Is Not Enough". You do not wish to have the right to it?'
'It is an excellent motto which I shall certainly adopt,' said Bond curtly. He looked pointedly at his watch. 'Now I'm afraid we really must get down to business. I have to report back to my Ministry.' (However, in The World Is Not Enough, Bond cites this motto by way of throwing Electra King's temptation, "I could have given you the world," back into her face.)
After the death of his parents, he goes to live with his aunt, Miss Charmian Bond, in Pett Bottom village, where he completes his early education. Later, he briefly attends Eton College at "12 or thereabouts" (13 in Young Bond), but is removed after four halves because of girl trouble with a maid. He reminisces about losing his virginity at sixteen, on a first visit to Paris, in the short story "From a View to a Kill". Bond is removed from Eton and sent to Fettes College in Edinburgh, Scotland, his father's school. Per Pearson's James Bond: The Authorised Biography and an allusion in From Russia, with Love, Bond briefly attended the University of Geneva. Some of Bond's education is based on Fleming's own, both having attended Eton, and the University of Geneva.
World War II service with the Royal Navy
In 1941, Bond lies about his age in order to enter the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve during World War II, from which he emerges a Commander. He retains that rank while in the British Secret Service of Fleming's novels, John Gardner's continuation novels, and the films. Continuation novelist John Gardner promoted Bond to Captain in Win, Lose or Die. Since Raymond Benson's novels are a reboot, Bond is a Commander, and a member of the RNVSR (Royal Naval Volunteer Supplementary Reserve), an association of war veteran officers. After joining the RNVR, Bond is mentioned travelling in the U.S., Hong Kong, and Jamaica, and that he joined another organisation, such as the SOE or the 00-Section of the SIS or as leader of a Royal Marine unit on secret mission behind enemy lines in the war or in (Fleming's) "Red Indians" 30 Commando Assault Unit (30 AU). One supporting fact is Bond in the Ardennes firing a bazooka in 1944. The 30 AU were the only British small unit attached to the US Army in Europe. In Bond's obituary, his commanding officer, M, alludes to the rank as cover: "To serve the confidential nature of his duties, he was accorded the rank of lieutenant in the Special Branch of the R.N.V.R., and it is a measure of the satisfaction his services gave to his superiors that he ended the war with the rank of Commander." You Only Live Twice, chapter 21: "Obit"
In the SIS
Bond is a civil servant, working in the Ministry of Defence as a Principal Officer, a civilian grade equivalent to a Captain in the Royal Navy. Bond is introduced as a veteran 00-agent in Casino Royale . It is never stated when Bond became a 00-agent, though references in Casino Royale suggest during World War II while Casino Royale suggests 1952. Bond earns his 00 status with two tasks, outlined in Casino Royale. The first was his assassination of a Japanese spy on the 36th floor of the RCA Building at Rockefeller Center in New York City; the second, his assassination of a Norwegian double agent who had betrayed two British agents. Bond had travelled to Stockholm to stab and kill the man in his sleep. In James Bond: The Authorised Biography of 007, Pearson suggests Bond first kills as a teenager. Bond's assignments prior to Casino Royale are sometimes reflected through the novels. Through this time Bond had assignments in Monte Carlo, Hong Kong, Jamaica, etc. In 1954, according to the Soviet file on him cited in From Russia with Love , Bond is made a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George, supposedly only awarded upon retirement from the Service; in The Man with the Golden Gun , he rejects an offer of investiture as a Knight Commander in that order, extended as a reward for his having successfully carried out his assignment to kill the Soviet assassin Francisco Scaramanga , as he does not wish to become a public figure. The literary James Bond is reserved in his licensed killing, sometimes disobeying kill orders if the mission might be accomplished otherwise, as in "The Living Daylights" where he makes a last-second decision to disobey orders and not kill an assassin. Instead, he shoots the assassin's gun and accomplishes the mission. Later, he feels so strongly about that decision that he hopes M will fire him for it. In the novel Goldfinger, James Bond is haunted by memories of a Mexican gunman he killed with bare hands days earlier. There are Fleming works in which Bond does not kill anyone. Bond hates those who kill non-combatants, especially women. Nonetheless, he kills when needed: It was part of his profession to kill people. He had never liked doing it and when he had to kill he did it as well as he knew how and forgot about it. As a secret agent who held the rare Double-O prefix the licence to kill in the Secret Service it was his duty to be as cool about death as a surgeon. If it happened, it happened. Regret was unprofessional worse, it was a death-watch beetle in the soul." Goldfinger, chapter 1: "Reflections in a Double Bourbon" Bond has a cavalier attitude toward his death, accepting that he most likely will be killed if captured, and expects MI6's disavowal of him. He withstands torture in Casino Royale without talking. In the novels preceding Dr. No, Bond uses a .25 ACP Beretta automatic pistol carried in a light-weight chamois leather holster, however, in From Russia, With Love, in the draw, the gun snags in Bond's jacket, and, because of this incident, M and Major Boothroyd order Bond re-equipped with a Walther PPK and a Berns-martin triple-draw holster made of stiff saddle leather. He continues using this pistol until John Gardner's Licence Renewed, where he uses different weapons, choosing the ASP 9 mm in later books. According to Gardner in the novelisation for Licence to Kill, the Walther PPK is not Bond's favourite weapon. With Raymond Benson, Bond begins using the PPK again until being updated in both the film and novelisation Tomorrow Never Dies with the Walther P99. James Bond: The Secret World of 007 reports that Bond is a judoka and knows other martial arts. The file on him cited in From Russia, With Love, Chapter 4: "Death Warrant," confirms this first, saying that he "knows the basic holds of judo."
Description and personal life
In the novels (notably From Russia, with Love), Bond's physical description has generally been consistent: slim build; a three-inch long, thin vertical scar on his right cheek; blue-grey eyes; a "cruel" mouth; short, black hair, a comma of which falls on his forehead (greying at the temples in Gardner's novels); and (after Casino Royale) the faint scar of the Russian cyrillic letter "" (SH) (for Shpion: "Spy") on the back of one of his hands (carved by a SMERSH agent). In From Russia, With Love, he is also described as 183 centimetres (6 feet) in height and 76 kilograms (167 lb) in weight.
Also, Bond physically resembles the composer Hoagy Carmichael. In Casino Royale, the heroine Vesper Lynd remarks, "Bond reminds me rather of Hoagy Carmichael, but there is something cold and ruthless." Likewise, in Moonraker, Special Branch Officer Gala Brand thinks that Bond is "certainly good-looking . . . Rather like Hoagy Carmichael in a way. That black hair falling down over the right eyebrow. Much the same bones. But there was something a bit cruel in the mouth, and the eyes were cold." When not on assignment or at headquarters, Bond spends his time at his flat off the Kings Road in Chelsea. His flat is looked after by an elderly Scottish housekeeper named May, who is very loyal and often motherly to him. According to Higson's Young Bond series, May previously worked for Bond's aunt, Charmian. Bond hardly ever brings women back to his home: it happens only once between the novels Diamonds Are Forever and From Russia, With Love when he briefly lived with Tiffany Case; and twice in the film series: in Dr. No, Sylvia Trench is waiting for him dressed only in his shirt when he comes home to pack before leaving for Jamaica; and in Live And Let Die, M and Moneypenny visit Bond at his flat, forcing him to hide his female company in the wardrobe. According to Pearson's book and hinted at in From Russia, With Love, Tiffany often gets into arguments with May and eventually leaves. At his home, Bond has two telephones. One for personal use and a second red phone that is a direct line between his home and headquarters; the latter is said always to be ringing at inopportune moments.
Bond is famous for ordering his vodka martinis "shaken, not stirred." In the novel Moonraker, he drinks a shot of vodka straight, served with a pinch of black pepper, a habit he picked up working in the Baltic region. He also drinks and enjoys gin martinis, champagne, and bourbon. In total, Bond consumes 317 drinks in the novels, of which 101 are whisky, 35 sakes, 30 glasses of champagne and a mere 19 vodka martinis. This is an average of one drink every seven pages. Bond occasionally supplements his alcohol consumption with the use of other drugs, for both functional and recreational reasons. For instance, in Moonraker, Bond consumes a quantity of the amphetamine benzedrine accompanied by champagne, in order to gain extra confidence and alertness during his bridge game against Hugo Drax; and in On Her Majesty's Secret Service, he consumes the barbiturate derivative seconal in order to induce a state of "cosy self-anaesthesia" in his London flat. In Fleming's novels, Bond is a heavy smoker, at one point reaching 70 cigarettes a day. On average, Bond smokes 60 a day, although in certain novels he attempts to cut back so that he can accomplish certain feats, such as swimming. He is also forced to cut back after being sent to a health farm per M's orders in Thunderball. Bond specifically smokes cigarettes filled with a blend of Balkan and Turkish tobacco with a higher than average tar content from the tobacconists Morlands of Grosvenor Street, called "Morland Specials." The cigarettes themselves have three gold bands on the filter, signifying Bond's (and Fleming's) commander rank in the secret service. Additionally, Bond carries his cigarettes in a trademarked monogrammed gunmetal cigarette case. In continuation novels by John Gardner, Bond cuts back by smoking low-tar cigarettes from Morlands and, later, H. Simmons of Burlington Arcade. Later works by Raymond Benson have Bond continuing to use this brand. Although Fleming states in the novel On Her Majesty's Secret Service that "James Bond was not a gourmet," he clearly appreciates food and has a sophisticated (if perhaps idiosyncratic) palate. When in England, Bond "lived on grilled soles, oeufs cocotte and cold roast beef with potato salad," his favourite food is scrambled eggs served with coffee (particularly as served by his housekeeper) although "the best meal he had ever eaten" is enjoyed in Miami during the novel Goldfinger, and comprises stone crabs with melted butter served with toast and iced rose champagne. In the same novel Bond also articulates his hatred of tea, which he describes as "mud" and considers partially responsible for the decline of the British Empire. Bond is an avid boating enthusiast; in the films and novels, he is seen on boats both for business and leisure. Bond is seen boating in Dr. No, From Russia with Love, Diamonds Are Forever, Thunderball, You Only Live Twice, Live And Let Die, The Man With The Golden Gun, Licence to Kill, The World Is Not Enough, Casino Royale, and Quantum of Solace.
Bond engages in frequent and numerous short-term affairs with several women he encounters, ending them as quickly as he begins them. Fleming himself had a tempestuous love life; he had numerous affairs even though he was married, and there were frequent accusations of sado-masochistic acts in his relationships with women. This has led critics to speculate over how much Fleming projected his own character into the figure of James Bond as Bond. For instance, Bond does not desist from hitting women and his rough-handed treatment of women has been noted. His suave, chauvinistic charm even seduces women who initially find him repellent, like the spa nurse Patricia Fearing in Thunderball and the criminal Pussy Galore in Goldfinger, the novel version of which described Galore as a lesbian.
In On Her Majesty's Secret Service, James Bond marries, but his bride, Teresa "Tracy" di Vicenzo, is killed on their wedding day by a long-standing enemy, Ernst Stavro Blofeld. In the novels, a devastated Bond gets revenge in the following novel, You Only Live Twice when, by chance, he comes across Blofeld in Japan and kills him there. Owing to events in that novel, Bond and Kissy Suzuki bear a child, although Fleming's novels do not state his existence. Bond is obviously aware of his son's existence by the time of Raymond Benson's short story "Blast From the Past," in which his son asks him to come to New York City as a matter of urgency before being killed by Irma Bunt.
Page last updated by brsivart , 4 months ago
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In which James Bond film does Felix Leiter lose a leg in a shark attack? | Commander | Military Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia
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Commander is a rank used in many navies and some air forces but is very rarely used as a rank in armies , but is a common rank in special forces as it refers to a team leader. The title (originally "master and commander") originated in the 18th century to describe naval officers who commanded ships of war too large to be commanded by a Lieutenant but too small to warrant the assignment of a post-captain. In practice, these were usually unrated sloops-of-war of no more than 20 guns. The Royal Navy shortened "master and commander" to "commander" in 1794; however, the term "master and commander" remained (unofficially) in common parlance for several years. [1] A corresponding rank in some navies is frigate captain . In the 20th and 21st centuries, the rank has been assigned the NATO rank code of OF-4.
Royal Navy
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Insignia of a Royal Navy commander
A commander in the Royal Navy is above the rank of lieutenant-commander , below the rank of captain , and is equivalent in rank to a lieutenant colonel in the army. A commander may command a frigate , destroyer , submarine , aviation squadron or shore installation, or may serve on a staff.
Royal Australian Navy
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A commander in the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) is identical in description to a commander in the British Royal Navy . RAN chaplains who are Division 1, 2 and 3 (of 5 divisions) have the equivalent rank standing of commanders. This means that to officers and NCOs below the rank of commander, major or squadron leader, the chaplain is a commander. To those officers ranked higher than commander, the chaplain is subordinate. Although this equivalency exists, RAN chaplains who are Division 1, 2 and 3 do not actually wear the rank of commander, and they hold no command privilege.
Royal Air Force
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Since the British Royal Air Force 's middle-ranking officers' designations are modelled after the Royal Navy 's, the term wing commander is used as a rank and is equivalent to a lieutenant colonel in the army or commander in the navy. The rank is above squadron leader and below group captain .
In the now defunct Royal Naval Air Service , which amalgamated with the Royal Flying Corps to form the Royal Air Force in 1918, pilots held appointments as well as their normal Royal Navy ranks, and wore insignia appropriate to the appointment instead of the rank. Flight commander wore a star above a lieutenant's two rank stripes, squadron commander wore two stars above two rank stripes (less than eight years' seniority) or two-and-a-half rank stripes (over eight years seniority), and wing commander wore three rank stripes. The rank stripes had the usual Royal Navy curl, and were surmounted by an eagle.
Canadian Navy
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In the British Army , the term "commander" is officially applied to the non-commissioned officer in charge of a section (section commander), vehicle (vehicle commander) or gun (gun commander), to the subaltern or captain commanding a platoon (platoon commander), or to the brigadier commanding a brigade (brigade commander). Other officers commanding units are usually referred to as the officer commanding (OC), commanding officer (CO), general officer commanding (GOC), or general officer commanding-in-chief (GOC-C), depending on rank and position, although the term "commander" may be applied to them informally.
In the First Aid Nursing Yeomanry commander is a rank equivalent to Major .
New Zealand Army
The usage is similar to the United States Army , with the term "commander" usually applying to very senior officers only, typically at divisional level (major general).
Spanish Armed Forces and Guardia Civil
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In the Spanish Army , the Spanish Air Force and the Marine Infantry , the term commander is the literal translation of "comandante", the Spanish equivalent of a Commonwealth major . The Guardia Civil shares the Army ranks, and the officer commanding a house-garrison (usually a NCO or a lieutenant, depending on the size) is addressed as the "comandante de puesto" (post commander).
United States Army
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In the United States Army , the term "commander" is officially applied to the commanding officer of army units; hence, there are company commanders , battalion commanders , brigade commanders , and so forth. At the highest levels of U.S. military command structure, "commander" also refers to what used to be called commander-in-chief , or CINC, until October 24, 2002, although the term CINC is still used in casual speech.
United States Air Force
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In the Air Force , the term "commander" (abbreviated "CC" in office symbols, i.e. "OG/CC" for "operations group commander") is officially applied to the commanding officer of an Air Force unit; hence, there are flight commanders, squadron commanders, group commanders, wing commanders, and so forth. In rank, a flight commander is typically a lieutanant or captain , a squadron commander is typically a major or lieutenant colonel , a group commander is typically a colonel , and a wing commander is typically a senior colonel or a brigadier general .
An "aircraft commander" is also designated for all flights of United States Air Force aircraft. This individual must be a pilot and an officer that has graduated from an formal aircraft commander course and is designated on flight orders by the unit commander for that particular flight. This individual is in command of all military personnel on the aircraft regardless of rank (even individuals that out-rank the aircraft commander).
Commander as a non-military rank or title
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In NASA spacecraft missions since the beginning of Project Gemini, one crew member on each spacecraft is designated as mission commander. The commander is the captain of the ship, and makes all real-time critical decisions on behalf of the crew and in coordination with the Mission Control Center (MCC).
Aviation rank
In aviation the flight captain is also known as the commander.
British police rank
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Within the British police , commander is a chief officer rank in the two police forces responsible for law enforcement within London, the Metropolitan Police and City of London Police . In both forces, the rank is senior to chief superintendent , in the Metropolitan Police it is junior to Deputy Assistant Commissioner and in the City of London Police it is junior to assistant commissioner . In forces outside of London, the rank equates to assistant chief constable .
The Metropolitan Police introduced the rank in 1946, after they split the rank of deputy assistant commissioner with senior DACs keeping the rank and title with junior ones being regraded as commanders. The Metropolitan Police also had the rank of deputy commander , ranking just below that of commander, between 1946 and 1968. In addition, officers in charge of policing each of the London's boroughs are given the title "borough commander". However, such officers do not hold the actual rank of commander but instead hold the rank of chief superintendent . An exception to this is the Borough Commander of Westminster, who is actually a commander and not a chief superintendent due to the size, complexity and high-profile nature of the borough.
Australian police rank
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In Australia, commander is a rank used by the Victorian, [2] Tasmanian, Western Australian, [3] and South Australian police forces. The insignia consists of a crown over three Bath Stars in a triangular formation, equivalent to a brigadier in the army. In all four forces, it is junior to the rank of assistant commissioner , and senior to the rank of chief superintendent , with the exception of Western Australia where it is senior to the rank of superintendent .
United States police rank
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The Los Angeles Police Department and the San Francisco Police Department are two of the few American police departments which use this rank. A commander in the LAPD is equivalent to an inspector in other US departments (such as the NYPD ); the LAPD rank was originally called inspector as well, but was changed in 1974 to commander after senior officers voiced a preference for the more military-sounding rank.
Commander is also utilized by larger Sheriff's Departments in the United States. The rank usually falls between Chief Deputy and Captain, which is three positions removed from the sheriff. The Clark County Sheriff's Office in southwest Washington state uses the rank of Commander. It falls between the rank of sergeant and the rank of branch chief. The insignia worn by a Clark County Sheriff's Office commander is a gold oak leaf, the same insignia worn by a major in the Army, Air Force, or Marine Corps.
The Washington, DC , Metropolitan Police Department ( MPDC ) also uses the rank of commander. The rank falls between those of inspector and assistant chief.
The Rochester, NY, Police Department (RPD) uses the rank of commander. Higher than captain and below deputy chief, the rank is achieved by appointment. Commander is the rank held by the two patrol division heads and other commanders fill various administrative roles. The St Paul Police Department (MN) is another police force that uses the rank of commander. In the St Paul Police Department, commanders serve as the chief of the district/unit that they oversee.
Many police departments in the midwest (including the Chicago Police Department ) use the rank of commander. It is equivalent to a lieutenant in most other departments, being above a sergeant and below a deputy chief or captain.
Commander is also used as a title in certain circumstances, such as the commander of a squad of detectives, who would usually be of the rank of lieutenant.
Canadian police rank
The Montreal police force, Service de police de la Ville de Montréal , uses the rank of commander. [4]
Incident Command System
In the Incident Command System the incident commander is in charge of the response to an emergency. The title may pass from person to person as the incident develops.
Military and chivalric orders
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The title of commander is used in the military orders, such as the Knights Hospitaller , for a member senior to a knight . The title of knight commander is often used to denote an even higher rank. These conventions are also used by most of the continental orders of chivalry. The United Kingdom uses different classifications.
In most of the British Orders of Knighthood, the grade of knight (or dame) commander is the lowest grade of knighthood, but is above the grade of companion (which does not carry a knighthood). In the Royal Victorian Order and the Order of the British Empire , the grade of commander is senior to the grade of lieutenant or officer respectively, but junior to that of knight or dame commander. In the British Order of St John , a commander ranks below a knight. (However, knights of the Order of St John are not called "Sir".)
In common usage
"Commander" may sometimes be used by laymen, usually applied to the person who is accountable for and holds authority over a group or the attempts of a group to achieve a common goal.
In fiction
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Gobinda is the henchman in which James Bond film? | Gobinda | James Bond Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia
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Octopussy
Gobinda is Kamal Khan 's primary and most loyal henchman and the secondary villain of the 1983 film Octopussy . He was played by Kabir Bedi .
Film biography
Bond first spies the tall, imposing man when Gobinda is acting as chauffeur for Kahn and Magda in Bond Street after the Sotheby's auction. Later in India, it is clear Gobinda means business when he destroys the rigged dice at the hotel casino and peruses 007 and his Indian ally, Vijay, through the Udaipur markets. Ultimately the goon captures Bond, after Magda seduces the spy, and he is swiftly transported to stay as Kahn's 'guest' at the Monsoon Palace.
Shortly afterward Gobinda chases Bond and Vijay through the streets of Delhi in Tuk-Tuks.
Gobinda appears in a number of scenes, generally accompanying Kamal Khan wherever he goes, and performing various other duties, mainly security based. He confronts Bond on a number of occasions, the highlights being their fight aboard Octopussy’s train, and the climatic high altitude finale, where Gobinda falls to his death.
Gobinda is the personal henchman to Kamal Khan. He takes the role of assassin, bodyguard and also some of the roles of a servant. Like so many Villains around this time, Gobinda is tall, well built, speaks little, but has a large on-screen presence. Addressing Kamal Khan as ‘Your Excellency’, Gobinda follows the orders of his master, even when Kamal instructs him to fight Bond atop their airborne plane, albeit understandably with some reluctance. His reluctance was with good concern, as that was a very risky venture that ultimately led to Gobinda's doom. Bond figured he was outmatched and wing-walking makes a poor choice for a battleground. While Gobinda is attempting to grab Bond, 007 pulls back the plane's antenna and snaps it at Gobinda's head. Gobinda screams in pain due to the blistering sting of the antenna's snap, and it also causes him to loosen his arm's grip on the fuselage, causing him to fall to his death.
Trivia
After Bond wins Kamal’s fixed game of backgammon, Gobinda crushes the loaded dice with his bare hands – similar of Oddjob crushing Goldfinger’s golf ball 19 years earlier.
Gobinda was similar to Necros : they were large men fiercely loyal to their boss, both seemed to overpower Bond in an even fight and both men died from being defenestrated from an airplane in flight.
| Octopussy |
Who sang the title songs for the James Bond films ‘Goldfinger’ and ‘Diamonds are Forever’? | List of James Bond henchmen | James Bond Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia
List of James Bond henchmen
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The James Bond novels and films are notable for their memorable villains and henchmen. Each Bond villain has numerous henchmen to do their bidding.
In particular, there is usually a privileged member who is a formidable physical threat to Bond and must be defeated by Bond to get the employer, from simply adept and tough fighters like Red Grant to ones whose physical characteristics are seemingly superhuman like Jaws .
Contents
On Her Majesty's Secret Service
Henchmen
Alive (trapped under fishing boat)
Unknown
The Man With the Golden Gun
Henchmen
Unknown (knocked unconscious by Bond)
The Spy Who Loved Me
Henchmen
Deceased (harpooned by one of Columbo's men)
Octopussy
A View to a Kill
Henchmen
The World Is Not Enough
Henchmen
Deceased (stabbed with a throwing knife)
Die Another Day
Deceased (shot by Silva's henchman)
SPECTRE
Casino Royale (1953 TV special)
Basil (Gene Roth)—Shot by Bond
Zoltan (Kurt Katch)—Survives
Valerie Mathis ( Linda Christian )—Survives
Casino Royale (1967)
Frau Hoffner ( Anna Quayle )—Shot by deceased WWI soldier
Polo ( Ronnie Corbett )—Short-circuited by Mata Bond
Le Chiffre's Representative ( Vladek Sheybal )—Blown up in telephone booth by Le Chiffre
Never Say Never Again
Fatima Blush ( Barbara Carrera )—Blown up by pen grenade used by Bond
Lippe ( Pat Roach )—Killed by Bond due a chain reaction of events, where Bond throws a urine speciimen in his face, temporarily blinding him and causing him to lose balance and fall into a shelf full of beakers, breaking them. The broken glass apparently severed a vital artery as he bleeds to death.
Video game henchmen
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What is the title of Ian Fleming’s first James Bond novel? | James Bond books by Ian Fleming
Read more about Casino Royale .
Live And Let Die (1954)
Although Casino Royale was not published until later that year, Fleming wrote his second novel during his annual winter holiday in Jamaica in early 1953.
007 is sent to New York to investigate Mr Big. There he teams up with CIA agent Felix Leiter, under whose guidance he gets to see the jazz clubs and dance halls of 1950s Harlem. From New York they travel to Florida and then, after Felix is almost killed after being fed to the sharks, Bond heads to Jamaica.
This is the first of several stories that take place in Flemingâs favourite place and provides the opportunity for Bond to don a wetsuit and scuba gear and explore the submarine world in which Ian Fleming was so interested.
Read more about Live And Let Die .
Moonraker (1955)
After the exotic locations of the first two books, Moonraker was far more modestly set in London and Kent. Ian Fleming knew this area of England well, owning a weekend cottage at St Margaretâs Bay, outside Dover.
The plot concerns a wealthy industrialist, Sir Hugo Drax, who is financing the Moonraker missile. The project is intended to provide Britain with an independent strategic nuclear capability. When a Ministry of Supply officer working on the project is murdered Bond is sent to investigate. He soon learns that Draxâs motives are not as philanthropic as they first appear.
While the locations are not as exciting as the previous books, Fleming does provide a gripping bridge game. However, readers used to overseas adventures wrote to complain they felt short-changed by the locations.
Fleming took the criticism to heart and with the exception of one short story, The Property of a Lady, all subsequent Bond adventures took place overseas.
Read more about Moonraker .
Diamonds Are Forever (1956)
Ian Fleming sent Bond is back to the United States in his fourth book. Working undercover as a diamond smuggler, Bond again teams up with Felix Leiter, now working for Pinkertonâs.
They travel in Leiterâs âStudillacâ from New York to Saratoga, where Bond has been told to bet on a rigged horse race for his payment for the smuggled diamonds. When that fails he is directed to Las Vegas where he bets on a rigged blackjack game instead.
But when he continues to gamble, against explicit instructions from the Spangled Mob, Bond is taken prisoner in a Western ghost town with its own private railway. Interestingly, in Diamonds Are Forever Fleming names the ghost town Spectreville. The book isnât Fleming at his best, but the reader gets another good look at 1950s America.
Read more about Diamonds Are Forever .
From Russia, With Love (1957)
With his fifth book, Ian Fleming really wanted to step up his game. A pure Cold War spy thriller, From Russia, With Love features Bondâs attempts at getting his hands on Russiaâs Spektor cipher machine. Note the use again of a variation on the word âspectreâ.
Bond doesnât even appear until a third of the way through the book and the start of the novel, focusing on the Russian plot, sometimes drags. But once Bond is introduced Istanbul and then the Orient Express provide colourful backdrops to the story.
From Russia, With Love was the book that helped James Bond become established in the United States. When Life published an article about JFKâs reading habits , it appeared on his list of ten favourite books. Fleming couldnât have asked for better publicity and US sales of all his books surged.
Read more about From Russia, With Love .
Dr No (1958)
After his attempt at a straight espionage thriller, Dr No turned out to be rather more fantastic. Fleming based the book on an unused screenplay he had written for a proposed TV show. The book was famously attacked by Paul Johnson in the New Statesman in a review titled “Sex, Snobbery and Sadism”.
Once again Bond is sent to Jamaica where he looks into the disappearance of local station chief John Strangways and his assistant. Bond links the disappearance with their investigation into the activities of Dr Julius No and sets sail for Dr Noâs private island, Crab Key, recognisable as the archetypal Bond villain lair.
There he meets a beautiful girl, faces a fire-breathing âdragonâ, is held captive in a âmink lined prisonâ and dines with Dr No, who reveals he is in the pay of Russia. Finally Bond must endure an obstacle course that ends with him face to face with a giant squid.
Read more about Dr No .
Goldfinger (1959)
Goldfinger is probably the most iconic Bond title of all, mainly because of the 1964 film that united James Bond with the Aston Martin DB5.
After a chance encounter in with Auric Goldfinger in Miami, M sends Bond to investigate his suspected gold smuggling activities and links to SMERSH. After beating Goldfinger at golf, Bond trails him across Europe but is kidnapped and flown to the United States. There Goldfinger reveals his plan to steal the Federal gold reserves from Fort Knox.
Ian Fleming seems to run out of steam towards the end of the book, which feels a bit rushed. But Goldfinger starts well, with Bond meditating on a recently completed mission at Miami Airport. The round of golf is good too, easily matching Flemingâs descriptions of card games.
Read more about Goldfinger .
For Your Eyes Only (1960)
With For Your Eyes Only Ian Fleming broke with tradition. Rather than the regular annual novel his fans had become used to expecting he used the plotlines from an abandoned TV show for four of the stories and added a fifth.
Three of the stories are more or less traditional Bond stories in short form. These are âFrom A View to a Killâ, âFor Your Eyes Onlyâ and âRisicoâ. The remainder, âQuantum of Solaceâ and âThe Hildebrand Rarityâ are something of oddities that allowed Fleming to experiment with his writing. The former was first published in the November 1959 edition of Modern Woman’s Magazine.
While the short story collection disappointed many when first published, they work well and showcase a different style to Fleming.
Read more about For Your Eyes Only .
Thunderball (1961)
Based on the screenplay for an aborted film project, Thunderball is notable for introducing SPECTRE to the series. The book is the first in what is sometimes known as the âBlofeld trilogyâ.
After hijacking an experimental plane with two atomic bombs, SPECTRE attempts to blackmail the West into paying a large ransom. It is a great story, which still has resonance today, but landed Ian Fleming in trouble. Kevin McClory and Jack Whittingham had also contributed to the screenplay on which he had based Thunderball.
Although McClory and Whittingham were unable to prevent publication, they sued Fleming for plagiarism. The stress of the 1963 court case caused Fleming to have a heart attack and instead the two parties reached a settlement. Subsequent editions of Thunderball acknowledge McClory and Whittinghamâs contribution to the film scripts. The court battle is thought to be a contributing factor to his death at the age of 56, but of course he smoked and drank heavily.
McClory was also awarded the movie rights to Thunderball, which caused the case to rumble on for years. Although EON Productions teamed up with McClory for the film, McClory later used his rights to the film scripts to make Never Say Never Again and continued to threaten another Bond film until his death in 2006.
It was finally ended in 2013 when EON Productions obtained the full rights to Thunderball from McCloryâs heirs.
Read more about Thunderball .
The Spy Who Loved Me (1962)
Ian Fleming experimented radically with The Spy Who Loved Me. The story is told in the first person by the heroine, Vivienne Michel, and James Bond only appears in the last third of the book.
Again, it showcases a different side of Flemingâs writing but received an extremely poor reception. As a result Fleming asked his publisher not to issue reprints or a paperback edition. He later explained that he wrote The Spy Who Loved Me because of his dismay of learning his books, written for adults, were being read by the young and wanted to write a cautionary tale.
Of course, he may have been bored with writing a new thriller year after year and wanted to try his hand at something different. But at the end Vivienne receives a lecture about the dangers of all men like Bond, good and bad.
On Her Majesty’s Secret Service (1963)
After The Spy Who Loved Me, Flemingâs next book was a much more straightforward Bond adventure.
The second book in the Blofeld trilogy sees Bond meet his future wife, learn the location of Ernst Stavro Blofeld and foil SPECTREâs plan to decimate Britainâs agriculture using biological agents. Bond is also married, but his wife murdered before they even start their honeymoon.
Featuring some spectacular alpine action the plot is a little absurd, but ahead of its time in using biological warfare. There are some good moments in the book and 007 gets to spend Christmas Day with M. Amusingly Blofeld shares Ian Fleming‘s date of birth.
Read more about On Her Majesty’s Secret Service .
You Only Live Twice (1964)
In the third novel of the Blofeld trilogy M sends Bond to Tokyo on what he considers an impossible a diplomatic mission. Still in mourning for his wife, James Bond is drinking and gambling heavily, a shadow of his former self.
On the verge of sacking him, M instead decides to give Bond one last chance. He must persuade the Japanese secret service to allow Britain access to decrypted Russian radio transmissions. Bondâs mission soon takes on a personal element though.
The book features some great observation gained from Flemingâs trip there in 1959 although Japan and its culture is viewed through the lens of a rather cynical westerner. The book was the last to be published in Ian Flemingâs lifetime.
Read more about You Only Live Twice .
The Man With The Golden Gun (1965)
Ian Flemingâs last full-length novel was published the year after his death. As was his custom he wrote the first draft while in Jamaica but cut down on his daily word count because of increasing ill health.
The novel had yet to go through the usual rewriting and editing process during which much of the detail would be added, resulting in a slightly unsatisfying story. On the other hand The Man With The Golden Gun is set in Flemingâs beloved Jamaica.
Despite his ill health, Flemingâs love for the island still comes through, but the villain is a letdown and not fully fleshed out.
Read more about The Man With The Golden Gun .
Octopussy & The Living Daylights (1966)
With no more unfinished Ian Fleming manuscripts to publish, Glidrose Productions collected a couple of previously published short stories for a second posthumous book.
The first of these, âOctopussyâ, is far from a typical Bond adventure and features a character, much like Fleming himself, living on the north shore of Jamaica and numbing himself with alcohol as he waits out his remaining days. His life is turned upside down with the arrival of James Bond at his door. The story previously appeared in the Daily Express in October 1965.
On the other hand âThe Living Daylightsâ is probably the best Fleming short. First published in the Sunday Times in February 1962, the story is set in West Berlin before the construction of the wall and concerns Bondâs tense wait for a defector to make the run across the wasteland that separates east from west. The Russians have been tipped off and have a sniper waiting on the other side.
In 1967 a third story, âThe Property of a Ladyâ was added to paperback editions. It had first appeared in Sothebyâs annual journal, The Ivory Hammer, in November 1963.
Finally, in 2002, a fourth short was added to the collection. “007 in New York” first appeared in the New York Herald Tribune (as âAgent 007 in New Yorkâ) in October 1963 and features James Bondâs own recipe for scrambled eggs. It also appeared in the US edition of Thrilling Cities to balance Flemingâs harsh comments about New York.
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Agents 002, 003 and 004 appear in which James Bond film? | James Bond - Ian Fleming
Ian Fleming
• Slim build, scar down right cheek and on left shoulder
• Signs of plastic surgery on back of right hand
• All-round athlete; expert pistol shot, boxer
• Knife-thrower; does not use disguises
Languages: French and German
Smokes heavily (NB: special cigarettes with three gold bands); vices: drink, but not to excess, and women. Not thought to accept bribes.’
From Russia with Love
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A HERO IS BORN
Inspired by his experiences in Naval Intelligence during the Second World War and his passion for travelling the world, Ian Fleming sat down at his typewriter at Goldeneye, his home in Jamaica, to write ‘the spy story to end all spy stories’.
The result was Casino Royale which was first published by Jonathan Cape in the UK in 1953.
Through twelve original novels and nine short stories, Fleming’s James Bond became the most famous fictional spy, spanning both literature and cinema.
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Where It All Began
‘You only live twice: Once when you are born And once when you look death in the face.’ You Only Live Twice
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BOND’S ORIGINS
Ian Fleming’s James Bond was born in the early 1920s to a Scottish father, Andrew Bond, and a Swiss mother, Monique Delacroix. Tragically, when he was only eleven years old, both James’s mother and father died in a climbing accident whilst on holiday in France.
After this devastating misfortune, James lived with his aunt Charmian in Kent and went to school at Eton College. After only two halves there he was expelled due to an alleged incident with one of the boys’ maids, and he saw out the rest of his education at his father’s school, Fettes, in Scotland.
At the age of seventeen, an old friend of his father’s sent a letter of introduction for Bond to the Admiralty, where he began work shortly before the outbreak of the Second World War. During the War, Bond was enrolled in the secret service and undertook missions abroad for several years before being reassigned to London in 1949. Shortly after his return to London, James Bond was awarded a licence to kill and from that moment on became known as Agent 007.
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A war in the shadows
Following the close of the Second World War, the building tension of the forthcoming Cold War brought with it a renewed emphasis on global espionage.
This was a war with a frontline populated by spies rather than soldiers and the atmosphere of uncertainty during the ensuing nuclear arms race was fertile ground for stories of clandestine villainy and secret heroism.
This led to a rise in the popularity of spy fiction through the 50s and 60s, and Ian Fleming’s British hero soon became one of the most recognisable figures of this ‘spy-mania’. 007 first proved popular with readers in Britain but was soon celebrated in Europe and the United States, where a glowing endorsement for From Russia with Love from President John F. Kennedy helped boost Fleming’s agent to international fame.
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FORMIDABLE FOES
Fleming pitted Bond against a host of dangerous enemies including the Russian anti-espionage department, SMERSH, and the global criminal organisation, SPECTRE – The Special Executive for Counterintelligence, Terrorism, Revenge, and Extortion.
Fleming’s sinister villains became characters as unforgettable as Bond, from his first adversary Le Chiffre, to the avaricious Goldfinger and of course Bond’s recurring nemesis, Ernst Stavro Blofeld.
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LEADING LADIES
Each of Fleming’s novels features a strong female counterpart for Bond, sometimes as paramour, sometimes as femme fatale – sometimes both. Readers came to expect a vivacious leading lady at Bond’s side and found her in the form of memorable characters like Pussy Galore, Vesper Lynd and Honey Rider.
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The World Of James Bond
‘There are moments of great luxury in the life of a secret agent’ Live and Let Die
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LUXURY AND TRAVEL
Along with battling malevolent villains and romancing beautiful women, James Bond became synonymous with the lavish and exotic. In post-war Britain where most people were restricted by rationing and austerity, Fleming’s novels transported readers to warmer climates and introduced them to sensations they had never experienced.
Bond adopted Fleming’s own penchant for supreme cuisine, the best champagnes, the finest tailoring and nail-biting pursuits such as skiing and scuba diving, offering an escape from the grey and frugal world of 1950s Britain.
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EON’S 007
Ian Fleming’s sixth James Bond book, Dr No, was filmed by legendary producers Albert R. ‘Cubby’ Broccoli and Harry Saltzman in 1962, starring Sean Connery as 007.
Since then the James Bond films, now produced by Michael G. Wilson and Barbara Broccoli, make up the longest running franchise in film history.
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BOND LIVES ON
Since Ian Fleming’s death in 1964, several writers have been invited to continue James Bond’s legacy in literature. Beginning in 1968 with Kingsley Amis’s Colonel Sun, Bond has gone on to appear in books by John Gardner, Raymond Benson, Sebastian Faulks, Jeffery Deaver, William Boyd and Anthony Horowitz.
There are also two series of Young Bond adventures for teenagers written by Charlie Higson and Steve Cole, and old and new Bond stories have been adapted for comic books.
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Continuation Bond
Ian Fleming's original series of twelve novels and two short story collections featuring Agent 007. Discover where Bond began.
Before the man became the legend, before the boy became the man. Follow James Bond's teenage years in the 1930s through these young adult adventures by Charlie Higson and Steve Cole.
Bond brought to life through exciting new comic book releases, collections of remastered 1950s newspaper strips and the Young Bond graphic novel of SilverFin.
The secret diaries following the adventures of James Bond's right-hand woman.
Beginning with Kingsley Amis in 1968 and with the most recent novel published in 2015 by Anthony Horowitz, discover the new 007 adventures by celebrated authors following in the footsteps of Fleming.
Casino Royale
In the novel that introduced James Bond to the world, Ian Fleming’s agent 007 is dispatched to a French casino in Royale-les-Eaux.
Written by Ian Fleming Read more
Live and Let Die
James Bond is not a superstitious man, but it’s hard not to feel unnerved in the presence of Mr. Big.
Written by Ian Fleming Read more
Moonraker
As the super patriot and war veteran who’s bankrolling Britain’s top-secret Moonraker rocket program, Sir Hugo Drax should be above reproach. So why does he cheat at cards?
Written by Ian Fleming Read more
Diamonds Are Forever
An international diamond-smuggling pipeline has opened up and the British Treasury wants to know who’s controlling it.
Written by Ian Fleming Read more
From Russia with Love
James Bond is marked for death by the Soviet counterintelligence agency SMERSH in Ian Fleming’s masterful spy thriller.
Written by Ian Fleming Read more
Dr. No
Dispatched by M to investigate the mysterious disappearance of MI6’s Jamaica station chief, Bond was expecting a holiday in the sun. His encounter with Dr No will prove otherwise.
Written by Ian Fleming Read more
Goldfinger
Auric Goldfinger is the richest man in England-though his wealth can’t be found in banks. Bond is tasked with investigating the mogul’s secret source.
Written by Ian Fleming Read more
For Your Eyes Only
A departure from the full-length James Bond novels published in 1960, For Your Eyes Only is a stunning collection of five stories that sends 007 to Bermuda, Berlin, and beyond, and places him in the dangerous company of adversaries of all varieties.
Written by Ian Fleming Read more
Thunderball
Upon M’s insistence, James Bond takes a two-week respite in a secluded health spa. Amidst the tranquil environs, Bond stumbles upon the beginning of a trail which leads to SPECTRE.
Written by Ian Fleming Read more
The Spy Who Loved Me
Set apart from the other books in Ian Fleming’s James Bond series, The Spy Who Loved Me is told from the perspective of a femme fatale in the making–a victim of circumstance with a wounded heart.
Written by Ian Fleming Read more
On Her Majesty’s Secret Service
In the aftermath of Operation Thunderball, Ernst Stavro Blofeld’s trail has gone cold-and so has 007’s love for his job. The only thing that can rekindle his passion is Contessa Teresa ‘Tracy’ di Vicenzo, a troubled young woman who shares his taste for fast cars and danger.
Written by Ian Fleming Read more
You Only Live Twice
The tragic end to James Bond’s last mission – courtesy of Ernst Stavro Blofeld – has left 007 a broken man and of little use to the British Secret Service.
Written by Ian Fleming Read more
The Man with the Golden Gun
Bond may have a licence to kill, but ‘Pistols’ Scaramanga has a talent for it. He’s a KGB-trained assassin who’s left a trail of dead British Secret Service agents in his wake.
Written by Ian Fleming Read more
Octopussy & The Living Daylights
The last collection of James Bond adventures from Ian Fleming published in 1966, Octopussy and The Living Daylights features four tales of intrigue that push 007 to the limit and find the secret agent questioning where he can go from there…
Written by Ian Fleming Read more
The SPECTRE Trilogy
SPECTRE is the ultimate threat; the merciless international terrorist organisation led by James Bond’s nemesis, Ernst Stavro Blofeld.
Written by Ian Fleming Read more
Casino Royale Illustrated Collector’s Edition
This edition from The Folio Society features lavish illustrations from artist Fay Dalton, with high quality cloth binding and slipcase. James Bond is sent to Royale-Les-Eaux in order to bankrupt an enemy operative at the baccarat table in Ian Fleming’s debut thriller.
Written by Ian Fleming Read more
From Russia with Love Illustrated Collector’s Edition
Named as Ian Fleming’s finest novel in numerous polls, and described by the author as, ‘In many respects, my best book’, this nail-biting thriller sees 007 ensnared by an elaborate plot devised by the Soviet counter-intelligence agency, SMERSH.
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James Bond married Teresa de Vincenzo in which Bond film? | Tracy Bond (Diana Rigg) | James Bond Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia
Tracy Bond (Diana Rigg)
Deceased, shot by Irma Bunt
Behind the scenes
007 Legends
Tracy Bond (née Teresa Draco) was a fictional character in the 1969 James Bond film On Her Majesty's Secret Service , portrayed by English actress Diana Rigg . The character first appeared in Ian Fleming 's 1963 novel of the same name and is notable for being the only cinematic Bond girl to officially marry the series' titular character .
Contents
Film biography
On Her Majesty's Secret Service
Born Teresa Draco in 1943, she is the only child of Marc-Ange Draco , the head of the Union Corse , a powerful Corsican crime syndicate – not quite as large as SPECTRE , but with substantially larger "legal" operations, including Draco Construction . Teresa goes by "Tracy" because she feels "Teresa" does not suit her (as she introduced herself to Bond, "Teresa is a saint; I'm known as Tracy").
Tracy's mother died in 1955; her father then sent her to a boarding school in Switzerland . Deprived of a stable home life, Tracy joined the "international fast set", committing "one scandal after another"; when Draco cut off her allowance, Tracy committed "a greater folly" out of spite. She later married Italian Count Giulio di Vicenzo who, during their marriage, got hold of a large portion of her money before eventually leaving her; he subsequently died while driving a Maserati. During this marriage, Tracy had a child, who later died. Desperate with grief for her child, Tracy attempted suicide by walking into the sea in Portugal , only to be dragged back out by James Bond .
When her father meets Bond, he pleads with Bond to continue to see her, claiming that their relationship had changed her for the better. Draco wanted a husband for her that would "dominate" her and quell her rebellious attitude. Bond initially refuses, but he changes his mind when Draco offers his resources for anything Bond desires. Using Draco's resources, Bond is able to track SPECTRE leader Ernst Stavro Blofeld to the Swiss Alps. In return, Bond continues to see Tracy and eventually falls in love with her.
While hiding from Blofeld's men at the village of Lauterbrunnen, Bond finds Tracy and they escape from Irma Bunt and her men. A blizzard forces them to a remote barn, where Bond professes his love to Tracy and proposes marriage to her, which she accepts. The next morning, Blofeld attempts to kill Bond by causing an avalanche and captures Tracy. Refused aid from M , Bond then enlists Draco and his forces to attack Blofeld's headquarters, while also rescuing Tracy from Blofeld's captivity.
Tragedy later strikes on their wedding day, however, when Blofeld drives past and Bunt shoots at Bond and Tracy in a drive-by shooting. Tracy is shot through the head and killed. A police officer finds Bond's car, prompting a tearful Bond to mutter that there is no need to rush calling for help by saying, "We have all the time in the world", as he cradles Tracy's lifeless body.
Tracy is killed in the drive-by shooting.
Film mentions
The follow up film, Diamonds Are Forever , shows James Bond tracking down Blofeld in the pre-title credits, but it is only assumed that Bond is doing so out of revenge for Tracy's death. However, she is never mentioned by name in the film.
Subsequent films also rarely mention Tracy or make reference to the fact that Bond was previously married.
In The Spy Who Loved Me , when Bond meets Anya Amasova in the Mujava bar, she recites facts of his life, including his many relationships. She comments that he had been "...married only once. Wife was..." at which point Bond's eyes glaze over for a moment, and he sharply tells her that she's made her point; Anya comments upon Bond's unexpected sensitivity, and he confirms he is sensitive "about certain things."
In For Your Eyes Only , Bond stands at her grave before boarding a helicopter which Blofeld has booby-trapped. It's actually in this sequence where Bond ultimately gets revenge for her murder, by impaling an uncredited Blofeld's wheelchair on one of the helicopter's skids and eventually dropping him (wheelchair and all) down a tall industrial smokestack.
In Licence to Kill , after Felix Leiter 's new wife, Della , throws her garter to him and teases him that he's going to be married next, Bond looks pained and leaves. Concerned, Della asks if she said something wrong, and Leiter makes a short, sad reference to the fact that Bond was married "a long time ago". Nothing else is said of the matter, but producers have stated that Bond's brutal hunt of drug dealer Franz Sanchez to avenge Felix's maiming and Della's death is motivated primarily by his own memories of his tragically short marriage.
In GoldenEye , Alec Trevelyan asks Bond if he has "found forgiveness in the arms of all those willing women for the dead ones you failed to protect?" Although the statement could refer to several women in Bond's past (including Tilly Masterson , Aki , Corinne Dufour or Andrea Anders ), Tracy is obviously the most prominent woman he has "failed to protect."
In The World Is Not Enough , Elektra King (whose father, Robert , had been killed in the pre-credit sequence) asks Bond whether he has ever lost anyone 'that he truly loved'. Bond appears uncomfortable and does not answer the question, continuing with a different line of conversation.
In Quantum of Solace , Dominic Greene exclaims to Bond "sounds like you just lost another one!" after a gunshot rang from a hotel room at Perla de las Dunas , where Camille Montes and General Medrano were fighting. Like in GoldenEye , the statement could refer to several women Bond has courted - and in the Craig Bond series would predominantly be referring to Vesper Lynd - though Tracy is again the most prominent woman that he has "lost".
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COMMANDER JAMES BOND, CMG, RNVR (Sean Connery, George Lazenby, Roger Moore, Timothy Dalton, Pierce Brosnan, Daniel Craig), a/k/a AGENT 007 OF HM SECRET SERVICE, and once miscalled SIR JAMES BOND KCMG (David Niven), was and is the most valuable member of that elite force within Her Majesty's Secret Service known as the Double O section, the members of which are literally licensed to kill. (In fact, Admiral Sir Miles Messervy, the first " M " or head of the Secret Service when Bond got his Double O number, once offered to recommend Commander Bond for knighthood. Out of the sheer stubbornness of the Scottish peasant he was and is, Bond definitely refused. See Fleming I, The Man With the Golden Gun, for details.)
Background
In Fleming's stories James Bond is an ageless character in his mid-to-late thirties. In Moonraker, he admits to being eight years shy of mandatory retirement. James Bond's birth year is unknown because Fleming changed the dates and times of events. Most researchers and biographers conclude that he was born either in 1917, 1920, 1921, or 1924 (see more). Fleming never said where James Bond was born, although people have speculated based on derivative works. You Only Live Twice reveals Bond is the son of a Scottish father, Andrew Bond, of Glencoe, and a Swiss mother, Monique Delacroix, of the Canton de Vaud. The boy James Bond spends much of his early life abroad, becoming multilingual in German and French because of his father's work as a Vickers armaments company representative. When his parents are killed in a mountain climbing accident in the Aiguilles Rouges near Chamonix, eleven-year-old James is orphaned.
In On Her Majesty's Secret Service, the Bond family motto might be Orbis non sufficit (Latin for "The world is not enough"). The coat of arms and motto belonged to the historical Sir Thomas Bond; his relation to James Bond is unclear and neglected by the latter. In fact, he is indifferent to his potential genealogical relationship to Sir Thomas Bond, demonstrated by his abrupt response to Griffin Or on being told of the motto: Griffin Or broke in excitedly, 'And this charming motto of the line, "The World Is Not Enough". You do not wish to have the right to it?'
'It is an excellent motto which I shall certainly adopt,' said Bond curtly. He looked pointedly at his watch. 'Now I'm afraid we really must get down to business. I have to report back to my Ministry.' (However, in The World Is Not Enough, Bond cites this motto by way of throwing Electra King's temptation, "I could have given you the world," back into her face.)
After the death of his parents, he goes to live with his aunt, Miss Charmian Bond, in Pett Bottom village, where he completes his early education. Later, he briefly attends Eton College at "12 or thereabouts" (13 in Young Bond), but is removed after four halves because of girl trouble with a maid. He reminisces about losing his virginity at sixteen, on a first visit to Paris, in the short story "From a View to a Kill". Bond is removed from Eton and sent to Fettes College in Edinburgh, Scotland, his father's school. Per Pearson's James Bond: The Authorised Biography and an allusion in From Russia, with Love, Bond briefly attended the University of Geneva. Some of Bond's education is based on Fleming's own, both having attended Eton, and the University of Geneva.
World War II service with the Royal Navy
In 1941, Bond lies about his age in order to enter the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve during World War II, from which he emerges a Commander. He retains that rank while in the British Secret Service of Fleming's novels, John Gardner's continuation novels, and the films. Continuation novelist John Gardner promoted Bond to Captain in Win, Lose or Die. Since Raymond Benson's novels are a reboot, Bond is a Commander, and a member of the RNVSR (Royal Naval Volunteer Supplementary Reserve), an association of war veteran officers. After joining the RNVR, Bond is mentioned travelling in the U.S., Hong Kong, and Jamaica, and that he joined another organisation, such as the SOE or the 00-Section of the SIS or as leader of a Royal Marine unit on secret mission behind enemy lines in the war or in (Fleming's) "Red Indians" 30 Commando Assault Unit (30 AU). One supporting fact is Bond in the Ardennes firing a bazooka in 1944. The 30 AU were the only British small unit attached to the US Army in Europe. In Bond's obituary, his commanding officer, M, alludes to the rank as cover: "To serve the confidential nature of his duties, he was accorded the rank of lieutenant in the Special Branch of the R.N.V.R., and it is a measure of the satisfaction his services gave to his superiors that he ended the war with the rank of Commander." You Only Live Twice, chapter 21: "Obit"
In the SIS
Bond is a civil servant, working in the Ministry of Defence as a Principal Officer, a civilian grade equivalent to a Captain in the Royal Navy. Bond is introduced as a veteran 00-agent in Casino Royale . It is never stated when Bond became a 00-agent, though references in Casino Royale suggest during World War II while Casino Royale suggests 1952. Bond earns his 00 status with two tasks, outlined in Casino Royale. The first was his assassination of a Japanese spy on the 36th floor of the RCA Building at Rockefeller Center in New York City; the second, his assassination of a Norwegian double agent who had betrayed two British agents. Bond had travelled to Stockholm to stab and kill the man in his sleep. In James Bond: The Authorised Biography of 007, Pearson suggests Bond first kills as a teenager. Bond's assignments prior to Casino Royale are sometimes reflected through the novels. Through this time Bond had assignments in Monte Carlo, Hong Kong, Jamaica, etc. In 1954, according to the Soviet file on him cited in From Russia with Love , Bond is made a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George, supposedly only awarded upon retirement from the Service; in The Man with the Golden Gun , he rejects an offer of investiture as a Knight Commander in that order, extended as a reward for his having successfully carried out his assignment to kill the Soviet assassin Francisco Scaramanga , as he does not wish to become a public figure. The literary James Bond is reserved in his licensed killing, sometimes disobeying kill orders if the mission might be accomplished otherwise, as in "The Living Daylights" where he makes a last-second decision to disobey orders and not kill an assassin. Instead, he shoots the assassin's gun and accomplishes the mission. Later, he feels so strongly about that decision that he hopes M will fire him for it. In the novel Goldfinger, James Bond is haunted by memories of a Mexican gunman he killed with bare hands days earlier. There are Fleming works in which Bond does not kill anyone. Bond hates those who kill non-combatants, especially women. Nonetheless, he kills when needed: It was part of his profession to kill people. He had never liked doing it and when he had to kill he did it as well as he knew how and forgot about it. As a secret agent who held the rare Double-O prefix the licence to kill in the Secret Service it was his duty to be as cool about death as a surgeon. If it happened, it happened. Regret was unprofessional worse, it was a death-watch beetle in the soul." Goldfinger, chapter 1: "Reflections in a Double Bourbon" Bond has a cavalier attitude toward his death, accepting that he most likely will be killed if captured, and expects MI6's disavowal of him. He withstands torture in Casino Royale without talking. In the novels preceding Dr. No, Bond uses a .25 ACP Beretta automatic pistol carried in a light-weight chamois leather holster, however, in From Russia, With Love, in the draw, the gun snags in Bond's jacket, and, because of this incident, M and Major Boothroyd order Bond re-equipped with a Walther PPK and a Berns-martin triple-draw holster made of stiff saddle leather. He continues using this pistol until John Gardner's Licence Renewed, where he uses different weapons, choosing the ASP 9 mm in later books. According to Gardner in the novelisation for Licence to Kill, the Walther PPK is not Bond's favourite weapon. With Raymond Benson, Bond begins using the PPK again until being updated in both the film and novelisation Tomorrow Never Dies with the Walther P99. James Bond: The Secret World of 007 reports that Bond is a judoka and knows other martial arts. The file on him cited in From Russia, With Love, Chapter 4: "Death Warrant," confirms this first, saying that he "knows the basic holds of judo."
Description and personal life
In the novels (notably From Russia, with Love), Bond's physical description has generally been consistent: slim build; a three-inch long, thin vertical scar on his right cheek; blue-grey eyes; a "cruel" mouth; short, black hair, a comma of which falls on his forehead (greying at the temples in Gardner's novels); and (after Casino Royale) the faint scar of the Russian cyrillic letter "" (SH) (for Shpion: "Spy") on the back of one of his hands (carved by a SMERSH agent). In From Russia, With Love, he is also described as 183 centimetres (6 feet) in height and 76 kilograms (167 lb) in weight.
Also, Bond physically resembles the composer Hoagy Carmichael. In Casino Royale, the heroine Vesper Lynd remarks, "Bond reminds me rather of Hoagy Carmichael, but there is something cold and ruthless." Likewise, in Moonraker, Special Branch Officer Gala Brand thinks that Bond is "certainly good-looking . . . Rather like Hoagy Carmichael in a way. That black hair falling down over the right eyebrow. Much the same bones. But there was something a bit cruel in the mouth, and the eyes were cold." When not on assignment or at headquarters, Bond spends his time at his flat off the Kings Road in Chelsea. His flat is looked after by an elderly Scottish housekeeper named May, who is very loyal and often motherly to him. According to Higson's Young Bond series, May previously worked for Bond's aunt, Charmian. Bond hardly ever brings women back to his home: it happens only once between the novels Diamonds Are Forever and From Russia, With Love when he briefly lived with Tiffany Case; and twice in the film series: in Dr. No, Sylvia Trench is waiting for him dressed only in his shirt when he comes home to pack before leaving for Jamaica; and in Live And Let Die, M and Moneypenny visit Bond at his flat, forcing him to hide his female company in the wardrobe. According to Pearson's book and hinted at in From Russia, With Love, Tiffany often gets into arguments with May and eventually leaves. At his home, Bond has two telephones. One for personal use and a second red phone that is a direct line between his home and headquarters; the latter is said always to be ringing at inopportune moments.
Bond is famous for ordering his vodka martinis "shaken, not stirred." In the novel Moonraker, he drinks a shot of vodka straight, served with a pinch of black pepper, a habit he picked up working in the Baltic region. He also drinks and enjoys gin martinis, champagne, and bourbon. In total, Bond consumes 317 drinks in the novels, of which 101 are whisky, 35 sakes, 30 glasses of champagne and a mere 19 vodka martinis. This is an average of one drink every seven pages. Bond occasionally supplements his alcohol consumption with the use of other drugs, for both functional and recreational reasons. For instance, in Moonraker, Bond consumes a quantity of the amphetamine benzedrine accompanied by champagne, in order to gain extra confidence and alertness during his bridge game against Hugo Drax; and in On Her Majesty's Secret Service, he consumes the barbiturate derivative seconal in order to induce a state of "cosy self-anaesthesia" in his London flat. In Fleming's novels, Bond is a heavy smoker, at one point reaching 70 cigarettes a day. On average, Bond smokes 60 a day, although in certain novels he attempts to cut back so that he can accomplish certain feats, such as swimming. He is also forced to cut back after being sent to a health farm per M's orders in Thunderball. Bond specifically smokes cigarettes filled with a blend of Balkan and Turkish tobacco with a higher than average tar content from the tobacconists Morlands of Grosvenor Street, called "Morland Specials." The cigarettes themselves have three gold bands on the filter, signifying Bond's (and Fleming's) commander rank in the secret service. Additionally, Bond carries his cigarettes in a trademarked monogrammed gunmetal cigarette case. In continuation novels by John Gardner, Bond cuts back by smoking low-tar cigarettes from Morlands and, later, H. Simmons of Burlington Arcade. Later works by Raymond Benson have Bond continuing to use this brand. Although Fleming states in the novel On Her Majesty's Secret Service that "James Bond was not a gourmet," he clearly appreciates food and has a sophisticated (if perhaps idiosyncratic) palate. When in England, Bond "lived on grilled soles, oeufs cocotte and cold roast beef with potato salad," his favourite food is scrambled eggs served with coffee (particularly as served by his housekeeper) although "the best meal he had ever eaten" is enjoyed in Miami during the novel Goldfinger, and comprises stone crabs with melted butter served with toast and iced rose champagne. In the same novel Bond also articulates his hatred of tea, which he describes as "mud" and considers partially responsible for the decline of the British Empire. Bond is an avid boating enthusiast; in the films and novels, he is seen on boats both for business and leisure. Bond is seen boating in Dr. No, From Russia with Love, Diamonds Are Forever, Thunderball, You Only Live Twice, Live And Let Die, The Man With The Golden Gun, Licence to Kill, The World Is Not Enough, Casino Royale, and Quantum of Solace.
Bond engages in frequent and numerous short-term affairs with several women he encounters, ending them as quickly as he begins them. Fleming himself had a tempestuous love life; he had numerous affairs even though he was married, and there were frequent accusations of sado-masochistic acts in his relationships with women. This has led critics to speculate over how much Fleming projected his own character into the figure of James Bond as Bond. For instance, Bond does not desist from hitting women and his rough-handed treatment of women has been noted. His suave, chauvinistic charm even seduces women who initially find him repellent, like the spa nurse Patricia Fearing in Thunderball and the criminal Pussy Galore in Goldfinger, the novel version of which described Galore as a lesbian.
In On Her Majesty's Secret Service, James Bond marries, but his bride, Teresa "Tracy" di Vicenzo, is killed on their wedding day by a long-standing enemy, Ernst Stavro Blofeld. In the novels, a devastated Bond gets revenge in the following novel, You Only Live Twice when, by chance, he comes across Blofeld in Japan and kills him there. Owing to events in that novel, Bond and Kissy Suzuki bear a child, although Fleming's novels do not state his existence. Bond is obviously aware of his son's existence by the time of Raymond Benson's short story "Blast From the Past," in which his son asks him to come to New York City as a matter of urgency before being killed by Irma Bunt.
Page last updated by brsivart , 4 months ago
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In the James Bond series of films, what is the name of ‘M’s’ personal secretary? | Miss Moneypenny - James Bond Characters
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Summary
While Miss Moneypenny isn't strictly a Bond girl , she is one of the most iconic characters within the James Bond series. Moneypenny works at MI6 as M's secretary, and throughout most of the films demonstrates an infatuation with James Bond.
The Many Faces of Miss Moneypenny
Moneypenny's first appearance in the James Bond universe is in the original book, Casino Royale. She has appeared throughout Ian Fleming's novels, although in a smaller role than in the movies, but the theme remains the same: Moneypenny is infatuated with Bond but never does anything to act upon her infatuation.
Many people have been credited for being Ian Fleming's inspiration for the Moneypenny character. In Fleming's first draft Moneypenny was originally named Miss "Petty" Pettaval, who was a secretary to real-world MI6 Director, Stewart Menzies. The name was later changed to be less obvious. The character has also been rumored to be based upon Vera Atkins who was a secretary to "legendary spy master" Maurice Buckman who was Fleming's inspiration for M, among others.
Throughout the films, upon Bond's arrival at M's office, he flirts with Miss Moneypenny. In the earlier movies these flirtatious moments included Bond kissing and caressing Moneypenny sensually, but in more recent films the flirtation is more lighthearted and marked by an exchange of witty banter and sexual innuendos. What doesn't change across most of the films is Moneypenny's devotion to Bond despite their relationship never being anything more than professional.
Because of their professional, but flirty relationship, Moneypenny is often considered an anchor that adds a bit of additional realism to the Bond films.
To date, Moneypenny has been portrayed by six actresses across twenty one Bond films. Fourteen times by Lois Maxwell, twice by Caroline Bliss, four times by Samantha Bond and once each by Barbara Bouchet, Pamela Salem and Naomie Harris.
Lois Maxwell
Lois Maxwell portrayed Miss Moneypenny more times than any actor portrayed Bond, appearing alongside Sean Connery, George Lazenby, and then Roger Moore. Maxwell appeared in fourteen Bond films between 1962 and 1985.
Terence Young, who directed the first Bond film (Dr. No) originally turned her down for the role based on his opinion that she "looked like she smelled of soap." Maxwell fought to be cast for the role, as her husband was recovering from a heart attack at the time and she needed the money. Her role in the first film only paid £200 and Maxwell was required to provide her own clothes.
Maxwell was nearly recast in 1967 after appearing in a spy spoof film alongside Sean Connery's brother Neil (aptly titled Operation Kid Brother) and then again in 1971 after demanding a pay raise. She managed to hold on to the role for several years afterwards, though. She remained in the role of Miss Moneypenny until Roger Moore's final appearance as Bond in 1985's A View to Kill.
She continued using the name of her character for years after leaving the film series. Right up until 1994, Maxwell wrote a column about her on set experiences for a Canadian newspaper under the character's name.
Caroline Bliss
Appearing in two Bond films, The Living Daylights and License to Kill, Bliss portrayed the role of Miss Moneypenny alongside Timothy Dalton between 1987 and 1989.
Over 30 years younger than Lois Maxwell, Bliss was only 26 when cast for the role. The role was recast to bring in a younger actress, allowing the films to maintain the realism of the flirty relationship with a younger Bond.
In an attempt to distance herself from the iconic-at-the-time portrayal of Moneypenny by Lois Maxwell, Bliss opted to have her version of Moneypenny wear glasses.
Shamefully enough, due to script limitations the flirty relationship was actually quite limited in these two films, with Bond typically ignoring Moneypenny's flirtations.
Samantha Bond
Following the trend of "One Moneypenny per Bond" that began in the Dalton era, Samantha Bond played the role alongside Pierce Brosnan throughout his four film run from 1995 to 2002.
Samantha Bond was actually childhood friends with previous Moneypenny, Caroline Bliss. When asked in an interview about being replaced by a friend of hers, Bliss responded, "I am just glad it has gone to someone I love and who needs the money!"
Often credited with being the first Moneypenny to have kissed James Bond, it is usually implied that it is the first time the two characters had shared a kiss, which is incorrect. It is actually just the first time where the character initiated a kiss with James. But that itself isn't even entirely true either, as the kiss was within a virtual reality device created by Q, and was basically just a "dream sequence." It is likely, though, that she is the first Moneypenny to jokingly accuse James Bond of sexual harassment.
In an interview, Samantha Bond has stated "Even if you rolled all four films into one, it's still the smallest part I've ever played. It's the character that's iconic rather than anything I did with it." when asked what she thinks of being called Miss Moneypenny years after her last appearance in the role.
Barbara Bouchet
Barbara Bouchet is the only Moneypenny to not really be Moneypenny. More specifically, in the first iteration of the film Casino Royale (1967) Bouchet plays Miss Moneypenny's daughter.
The first Casino Royale is the first of two Bond films to be made by a different production company, and doesn't necessarily follow the same format of the core series. In fact, the earlier version of Casino Royale was made to be a satirical spin-off of the Bond series due to the producers belief that they couldn't compete with the core production team.
The explanation provided within the film of Bouchet playing Miss Moneypenny's daughter is a little bit unnecessary - throughout the rest of the film she is referred to only as Moneypenny.
Pamela Salem
The second of two actresses to play the role in the unofficial Bond films, Salem portrayed Moneypenny in 1983's Never Say Never Again. She is the only actress to play the role alongside Sean Connery, other than the original Moneypenny, Lois Maxwell.
Naomie Harris
The newest Moneypenny and an entirely brand new take on the character. Following the reboot of the series in 2006, the Moneypenny character had yet to appear in a Bond film alongside Daniel Craig. With 2012's Skyfall, Moneypenny is back with a more complete backstory and even a first name.
As a field agent who considers herself Bond's equal, Moneypenny makes some mistakes. Throughout the course of the movie she becomes M's secretary, putting her in the place of the Moneypenny we know and love.
There is also debate among critics as to whether or not Harris portrays the first Moneypenny to have slept with James Bond, but it is never suggested directly in the films that she has.
Throughout Skyfall's development, it was kept secret that Naomie Harris was portrayed the Moneypenny role. Throughout the movie she goes by her first name only and it is later revealed that her last name is Moneypenny.
While it's too early to tell how this most recent iteration of the Moneypenny character will compare to the previous versions, it's reassuring to see the new films returning to the roots of the series and bringing back such iconic characters.
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Who is the henchman to villain Karl Stromberg in the 1977 James Bond film ‘The Spy Who Loved Me’? | Wait, So Who Is Moneypenny? - MTV
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MGM[/caption]
SPOILER ALERT: If you go beyond this point, you'll be reading about a major reveal in "Skyfall." Proceed with caution.
The last time we saw Miss Moneypenny in a James Bond film was 2002's "Die Another Day," during Pierce Brosnan's reign as 007. As one of the most legendary secretaries in movie history, she seemed to be the only female on the planet who could withstand Mr. Bond's advances. But what if we told you that, before the interoffice sexual tension, Moneypenny shot James Bond?
That's how we are introduced to the latest incarnation of Miss Moneypenny, played by Naomie Harris ("28 Days Later"), at the action-packed opening of "Skyfall." Well, as we're sure you could tell from the movie's trailers, she missed. Thankfully, Bond doesn't hold a grudge. In fact, she makes it up to him by giving him a very seductive shave at their next assignment. And, with that, we witness the rebirth of an iconic character in the franchise (and, from the looks of it, this Moneypenny doesn't seem like the pencil pushing type).
The Moneypenny character in the Bond lineage goes as far back as the first draft of 007 creator Ian Fleming's book "Casino Royale." Inspired by the personal assistant of the real MI6 director in the 1940s and a woman Fleming dated during World War II, she is the private secretary of M, the head of MI6 in the Bond series.
Actress Lois Maxwell was the original Moneypenny, playing her from the first film, "Dr. No" (1962), to "A View To A Kill" (1985). That's 14 films! And, for all of them, there was certain to be a scene of Bond strolling into M's office and sharing a few double entendres with Miss Moneypenny. There have been four other Moneypennys between Maxwell and Harris, but none of them had the memorable sexually-charged one-liners that Maxwell delivered to then Bonds Sean Connery and later Roger Moore (oh yes, and forgotten Bond George Lazenby, too).
In "Skyfall" the character goes by her first name, Eve, until the big reveal of her surname at the end. Harris plays the character with feisty intensity (who knew Moneypenny could handle a gun?) and a strong sex appeal. In other words, we can't wait to see more of her in the 24th Bond film.
Harris is no stranger to a blockbuster franchise. After gaining attention in "28 Days Later," the Brit was unrecognizable as the black magic witch in the "Pirates of the Caribbean" sequels. Now, as Miss Moneypenny, her stock is certain to skyrocket.
Though Harris has had to be mum about playing the iconic character in her interviews for the movie, we're hoping she'll be a bit more chatty about it after Friday.
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Who played James Bond in the 1973 film ‘Live and Let Die’? | Live and Let Die (1973) - IMDb
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7 January 2017 5:00 AM, UTC
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Live and Let Die ( 1973 )
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007 is sent to stop a diabolically brilliant heroin magnate armed with a complex organization and a reliable psychic tarot card reader.
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Title: Live and Let Die (1973)
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Nominated for 1 Oscar. Another 2 wins & 2 nominations. See more awards »
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James Bond is led to believe that he is targeted by the world's most expensive assassin while he attempts to recover sensitive solar cell technology that is being sold to the highest bidder.
Director: Guy Hamilton
James Bond investigates the hijacking of British and Russian submarines carrying nuclear warheads with the help of a KGB agent whose lover he killed.
Director: Lewis Gilbert
A diamond smuggling investigation leads James Bond to Las Vegas, where he uncovers an evil plot involving a rich business tycoon.
Director: Guy Hamilton
Agent 007 is assigned to hunt for a lost British encryption device and prevent it from falling into enemy hands.
Director: John Glen
A fake Fabergé egg and a fellow agent's death lead James Bond to uncover an international jewel-smuggling operation, headed by the mysterious Octopussy, being used to disguise a nuclear attack on N.A.T.O. forces.
Director: John Glen
Agent 007 and the Japanese secret service ninja force must find and stop the true culprit of a series of spacejackings before nuclear war is provoked.
Director: Lewis Gilbert
James Bond investigates the mid-air theft of a space shuttle and discovers a plot to commit global genocide.
Director: Lewis Gilbert
James Bond woos a mob boss's daughter and goes undercover to uncover the true reason for Blofeld's allergy research in the Swiss Alps that involves beautiful women from around the world.
Director: Peter R. Hunt
James Bond heads to The Bahamas to recover two nuclear warheads stolen by SPECTRE agent Emilio Largo in an international extortion scheme.
Director: Terence Young
An investigation of a horse-racing scam leads 007 to a mad industrialist who plans to create a worldwide microchip monopoly by destroying California's Silicon Valley.
Director: John Glen
James Bond is living on the edge to stop an evil arms dealer from starting another world war. Bond crosses all seven continents in order to stop the evil Whitaker and General Koskov.
Director: John Glen
James Bond goes rogue and sets off to unleash vengeance on a drug lord who tortured his best friend, a C.I.A. agent, and left him for dead and murdered his bride after he helped capture him.
Director: John Glen
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Storyline
Several British agents have been murdered and James Bond is sent to New Orleans, to investigate these mysterious deaths. Mr. Big comes to his knowledge, who is self-producing heroin. Along his journeys he meets Tee Hee who has a claw for a hand, Baron Samedi the voodoo master and Solitaire a tarot card reader. Bond must travel to New Orleans, and deep into the Bayou. Written by simon
Roger Moo7re is James Bond See more »
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27 June 1973 (USA) See more »
Also Known As:
Ian Fleming's Live and Let Die See more »
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Did You Know?
Trivia
Arnold Williams , who plays a taxi driver, billed as Cab Driver 1, was dubbed. See more »
Goofs
When Kananga is slashing Bond's wrists, it appears the blood is actually on the knife and he is "painting" it onto Bond's arm. See more »
Quotes
[first lines]
UN Translator: [translating for Hungarian delegate] ... was so ably pointed out by the Secretary General in his opening remarks. But - and I must emphasize this point - no formula can or will ever cover each case. For instance...
[audio feed is unplugged]
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Crazy Credits
The End of Live and Let Die James Bond will return in The Man with the Golden Gun See more »
Connections
(London, England) – See all my reviews
Ignoring a Roger Moore who presents a bit of a distraction for viewers watching the series in order, Live And Let Die is an excellent example of how pop culture helps the Bond series survive throughout the decades. The growing concern of a drug-using society at the time is featured, and an immensely popular Paul McCartney does the title theme - indicating that the Bond series need not be rooted solidly in the three-piece suit days of 1962. Jane Seymour gives an excellent performance in her "introductory" role (although it was her fourth film). A bit of black magic and voodoo intertwined with gadgetry and high-tech machinery will have the viewer wondering if, indeed, there was magic in the movie after all - indeed, the cards WERE always right under Solitaire's power. Magical or not, Live and Let Die provides an interesting doorway to the other five Moore pictures - J.W. Pepper returns and Tee Hee seems to be Jaws' forerunner.
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What make and model car did James Bond drive in the 1962 film ‘Dr No’? | Live and Let Die Bond villain Geoffrey Holder dies aged 84 | Film | The Guardian
James Bond
Live and Let Die Bond villain Geoffrey Holder dies aged 84
Death announced of actor who played cackling baddie Baron Samedi in 1973 blaxploitation Bond, and who also narrated Tim Burton’s Charlie and the Chocolate Factory
Geoffrey Holder in 2005. Photograph: Tina Fineberg/AP
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Geoffrey Holder, the towering Trinidadian actor best known to film audiences as the villainous top-hatted Voodoo henchman Baron Samedi in the James Bond film Live and Let Die, has died. He was 84.
Holder, 6ft 6ins, first played the role of Samedi in House of Flowers, a Caribbean-themed Broadway musical. He did not originate the character, which was based on a voodoo spirit of the same name traditionally depicted with skull face and top hat and known for disruption, obscenity and debauchery.
In 1973’s Live and Let Die, Roger Moore’s blaxploitation-riffing debut in the role of 007, Samedi is the cackling follower of Yaphet Kotto’s Mr Big/Kananga. He is shot, then thrown into a coffin of venomous snakes by Bond but famously appears in a final scene at the back of a train at the end credits, having presumably used his supernatural powers to cheat death.
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Holder’s other notable film work includes that of the narrator in Tim Burton’s Charlie and the Chocolate Factory in 2005. He played a tribal chieftain in 1967’s Doctor Dolittle and a sorcerer in Woody Allen’s 1972 series of vignettes, Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Sex (But Were Afraid to Ask).
Born in Port of Spain, Trinidad, Holder was equally known as a dancer, stage actor and choreographer. He was a principal dancer with the Metropolitan Opera Ballet in New York from 1955-56, and won Tony Awards for best costume design and musical direction for his work on an all-black version of The Wizard of Oz titled The Wiz in 1975, the first black man to be nominated in either category. He also appeared in an all-black version of Waiting for Godot.
Holder died on Sunday in New York from complications related to pneumonia, according to a family spokesperson. He is survived by his wife, fellow Broadway actor Carmen de Lavallade, and their son Leo.
Holder’s death comes less than a month after the death of Richard Kiel , Moore’s opponent as the villain Jaws in two Bond movies, at the age of 74.
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In which film does James Bond go to Paris and climb the Eiffel Tower? | James Bond film locations | James Bond Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia
James Bond film locations
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James Bond film locations refers to the many locations in which the James Bond series of films were set (which does not always correspond to the shooting locations ). Most often, James Bond visits countries in Western Europe and parts of the United States , but occasionally goes to other countries such as Japan or India. Some fictional countries, unnamed countries, or locations in unspecified areas are shown in the films.
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Places James Bond visits in the films
Countries James Bond visited in the films (top) compared with countries the Bond films were shot in (bottom)
Most of the countries James Bond is shown to going to in the films, the films were actually shot in. The only ones that were shown as places that he went to but where the films were not shot in were Cuba, Czechoslovakia , Yugoslavia , Albania , Afghanistan , Lebanon and Macau .
Europe
In almost all Bond films, Bond is shown in England , usually in London . However in You Only Live Twice he is only in the Far East . He also goes to other areas outside London, such as areas in the country such as a retreat in Thunderball .
Bond goes to Paris in A View to a Kill , climbing the Eiffel Tower . The start of Thunderball is set in France, where James Bond uses his jetpack. He is at a French port in GoldenEye , where a Tiger helicopter is stolen.
In Dr. No Bond is at a casino in Monte Carlo in Monaco where he first uses the phrase "Bond, James Bond".
He ends up in a fight in an elevator in The Netherlands in Diamonds Are Forever .
In Moonraker Bond is in Venice in Italy with a gondola which drives on land, he appears in Venice briefly at the end of From Russia with Love; he is also in Italy in For Your Eyes Only when he is being chased by an East German olympic skier. The climactic scenes of Casino Royale also take place in Venice. He visits the Italian island of Sardinia in The Spy Who Loved Me (after the KGB agent XXX directed them their, Bond had originally thought of going to the French island of Corsica )
Bond goes to a villa in Spain in For Your Eyes Only . He also meets a contact in Spain in On Her Majesty's Secret Service . The start of The World Is Not Enough is set in Bilbao in Spain. The start of The Living Daylights Bond is involved in an operation to test the defences of Gibraltar .
Much of On Her Majesty's Secret Service is set in Switzerland . He also follows Goldfinger into Geneva and to his secret facility in Switzerland.
Bond is suppose to in Bratislava in what was then Czechoslovakia (now Slovakia ) in The Living Daylights, where he helps a Soviet general to defect. however there are no elevated train in Bratislava. The train appear to be metro in Vienna. He goes to other parts of Czechoslovakia and escapes into Austria , where he visits Vienna . The start of The Spy Who Loved Me is set in Austria also. Bond also attends an Opera in Vienna in Quantum of Solace.
Bond is in Hamburg in Germany in Tomorrow Never Dies chasing media mogul Elliot Carver . In Octopussy Bond is shown in West Berlin heading into East Berlin , and also at Karl-marx-stadt (now Chemnitz ) in East Germany, before going on a train into West Germany to an American Air Force base at the fictional location of Feldstadt.
Bond goes to Greece in For Your Eyes Only, including the Meteora monasteries.
Bond is in Istanbul in Turkey at the Hagia Sofia in From Russia with Love. He is also in Istanbul in The World is not enough.
In From Russia with Love , Bond travels through Eastern Europe from Istanbul on the Orient Express . Zagreb in Yugoslavia features prominently. He heads from the train, over land and by boat into the Adriatic Sea . He also is part of a raid into Albania in For Your Eyes Only.
Bond demolishes parts of St. Petersburg in GoldenEye. This is the first time he is shown in a Russian city. He appears in a Soviet dam in a flashback in GoldenEye, and is also shown in Siberia at the start of A View To A Kill. Bond travels to Kazan , Russia in Quantum of Solace.
Casino Royale begins with Bond in Prague , before he achieves Double-0 status. The majority of the scenes take place in Montenegro , before moving to Lake Como and Venice, Italy.
Quantum of Solace begins with Bond driving to Siena, Italy .
Americas
Several times, James Bond has been to the United States ; the places he has been to include Fort Knox , Kentucky in Goldfinger , New Orleans , Louisiana in Live and Let Die ; Las Vegas , Nevada in Diamonds Are Forever ; San Fransisco , California in A View To A Kill where the Golden Gate Bridge features prominently; Drax's French villa which he has transported to California; Miami , Florida at the start of Goldfinger, Licence to Kill and Casino Royale. At the end of Live and Let die he takes the train from New Orleans to Washington which is presumably the Southern Crescent .
In GoldenEye and Die Another Day he visits Cuba . In Dr. No he visits Jamaica including Kingston and the fictional island of Crab Key ; Thunderball is set largely in the Bahamas . Bond visits the Bahamas again in Casino Royale, and the unofficial Bond film Never say never again is also set in the Bahamas.
In Licence to Kill Bond goes to the fictional city of Isthmus City, which is based on Panama City . In Live and Let die he goes to the fictional Caribbean island of San Monique .
Bond travels to Haiti in Quantum of Solace
Bond first goes to South America in Moonraker when he visits Rio de Janiero , and up the Amazon River in a speedboat, to Drax 's secret facility in the Amazon jungle.
Bond returns to South America in Quantum of Solace when he travels to La Paz, Bolivia .
Asia
Most of You only Live Twice is set in Japan . He also appears there briefly at the start of Diamonds are forever.
Bond is "killed" in Hong Kong at the start of You only live twice, and he is also there in The man with the golden gun where he goes to a secret base inside a wrecked ship in the harbour. He also appears in Hong Kong in Die Another Day.
He drives through Saigon in Vietnam on a motorbike in Tomorrow Never Dies.
He is captured in North Korea in Die Another Day, and is later released across the border into South Korea .
While several films involve China , Bond does not actually travel to the mainland. He is onboard a stealth ship off the coast of China in Tomorrow Never Dies, and also in that film is parachute dropped into ocean which is believed to be Chinese, but which ends up being Vietnamese. He appears at a US airforce base in the South China Sea in that film also.
Bond goes to Thailand in The man with the Golden Gun.
Much of Octopussy is set in India where Bond visit's Octopussy's and Kamal's palaces.
The finale of The Living Daylights is set in Afghanistan where Bond escapes from a Soviet air force base, joins the mujahadeen , takes control of a Soviet aircraft and crashes it in Pakistan , where he heads off for Karachi , where he "knows a great restaurant".
The start of Tomorrow Never Dies involves an arms bazaar "on the Russian border". It is close to the Black Sea where a British ship fires a missile on it, so it could be presumed to be Azerbaijan or Georgia but it is not actually identified.
Bond goes to Baku in Azerbaijan in The World is not enough.
In The Man With the Golden Gun he goes to Beirut in Lebanon
Africa
Bond goes to Egypt near the Great Pyramids in The Spy who loved me; he also briefly is shown punching a man in the face in Cairo at a Blackjack table while looking for Blofeld at the start of Diamonds Are Forever.
In The Living Daylights Bond pursues Soviet general Pushkin to Tangier in Morocco . Bond rescues his girl in Never Say Never Again from an unnamed North African country.
The start of Moonraker shows Bond returning from "Africa" where he and Jaws fight on their way out of a plane.
Bond thinks he will be sent to South Africa in Diamonds are Forever, saying "I've always wanted to go to South Africa" but he is in fact sent to the Netherlands.
Bond chases a suspect through the streets of Madagascar in an early sequence of Casino Royale.
Places James Bond visits in the films
Countries James Bond has visited in the films
Most of the countries James Bond is shown to going to in the films, the films were actually shot in. The only ones that were shown as places that he went to but where the films were not shot in were Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Albania, Afghanistan, Lebanon and Macau, as well as the USSR (Although Bond films were later filmed in Russia and Azerbaijan).
Europe
England - In almost all Bond films, Bond is shown in England , usually in London . However in You Only Live Twice he is only in the Far East . He also goes to other areas outside London, such as areas in the country such as a retreat in Thunderball .
France - Bond goes to Paris in A View to a Kill , climbing the Eiffel Tower . The start of Thunderball is set in France, where James Bond uses his jetpack.
Monaco - In Dr. No Bond is at a casino in Monte Carlo in Monaco where he first uses the phrase "Bond, James Bond". He is at Monaco in Goldeneye , where a Tiger helicopter is stolen.
The Netherlands - He ends up in a fight in an elevator in Amsterdam in Diamonds Are Forever.
Italy - In Moonraker Bond is in Venice in Italy with a gondola which drives on land, he appears in Venice briefly at the end of From Russia with Love; he is also in Italy in For Your Eyes Only when he is being chased by an East German Olympic skier. He visits the Italian island of Sardinia in The Spy Who Loved Me (after the KGB agent XXX directed them there, Bond had originally thought of going to the French island of Corsica ).
Scotland - Bond travels to Scotland in Skyfall with M, to his ancestral home. Bond, M, Q and others also spend time in Scotland in The World is Not Enough, where Eilean Donan Castle acts as MI6 headquarters.
Spain - Bond goes to a villa in Spain in For Your Eyes Only. He also meets a contact in Spain in On Her Majesty's Secret Service in Madrid . The start of The World Is Not Enough is set in Bilbao in Spain. At the start of The Living Daylights Bond is involved in an operation to test the defences of Gibraltar .
Switzerland - Much of On Her Majesty's Secret Service is set in Switzerland . He also follows Goldfinger into Geneva and to his secret facility in Switzerland in Goldfinger.
Czechoslovakia and Austria - Bond is in Bratislava in what was then Czechoslovakia (now Slovakia ) in The Living Daylights, where he helps a Soviet general to defect. He goes to other parts of Czechoslovakia and escapes into Austria , where he visits Vienna . The start of The Spy Who Loved Me has a skiing chase sequence set in Austria also.
Germany - Bond is in Hamburg in Germany in Tomorrow Never Dies chasing media mogul Elliot Carver . In Octopussy Bond is shown in West Berlin heading into East Berlin , and also at Karl-Marx-Stadt (now Chemnitz ) in East Germany, before going on a train into West Germany to an U.S. Air Force base at the fictional location of Feldstadt.
Iceland - Part of Die Another Day is set in Iceland.
Greece - Bond goes to Greece in For Your Eyes Only, including the Meteora monasteries.
Turkey - Bond is in Istanbul in Turkey at the Hagia Sofia in From Russia with Love. He is also in Istanbul in The World Is Not Enough.
Eastern Europe - In From Russia with Love, Bond travels through Eastern Europe from Istanbul on the Orient Express . This train would presumably have travelled through Bulgaria . Zagreb in Yugoslavia (now Croatia ) features prominently. He heads from the train, over land and by boat into the Adriatic Sea . He also is part of a raid into Albania in For Your Eyes Only.
Russia - Bond demolishes parts of St. Petersburg in a tank in GoldenEye. This is the only time he is shown in a Russian city. He is part of a secret operation in a Soviet dam in a flashback in GoldenEye, and is also shown in Siberia at the start of A View to a Kill before he escapes on a submarine.
Americas
United States - Several times James Bond has been to the United States ; the places he has been to include Fort Knox , Kentucky in Goldfinger; New York City , New York and New Orleans , Louisiana in Live and Let Die; Las Vegas , Nevada in Diamonds are Forever; San Francisco , California in A View to a kill where the Golden Gate Bridge features prominently; Baltimore , Maryland in Goldfinger where his plane stops on its way to Kentucky; Bond also goes to Drax's French villa which has been transported to California in Moonraker; Miami , Florida at the start of Goldfinger and for Felix Leiter's wedding at the start of Licence to Kill. At the end of Live and Let Die he takes the train from New Orleans to Washington which is presumably the Southern Crescent . While he is not shown there in the movie, at the start of A View to a Kill, Bond leaves Siberia for Alaska saying it will take him several days to get there.
Canada - James Bond does not set foot in Canada in the films; however, in Goldfinger, Pussy Galore tells him that the plane they are on between Geneva and Baltimore is flying over Newfoundland .
Caribbean - In GoldenEye he goes to a secret satellite facility in Cuba . He also goes to Cuba in Die Another Day where he goes to Havana . In Dr. No he visits Jamaica including Kingston and the fictional island of Crab Key ; Thunderball is set largely in the Bahamas . The unofficial Bond film Never Say Never Again is also set in the Bahamas. In Licence to Kill Bond goes to the fictional city of Isthmus City, which is based on Panama City . In Live and Let Die he goes to the fictional Caribbean island of San Monique .
South America - The only time Bond has been to South America was in Moonraker when he goes to Rio de Janeiro , and up the Amazon River in a speedboat, to Drax 's secret facility in the Amazon jungle.
Asia
Japan - Most of You Only Live Twice is set in Japan . He also appears there briefly at the start of Diamonds Are Forever.
Hong Kong - Bond is "killed" in Hong Kong at the start of You Only Live Twice, and he is also there in The Man With the Golden Gun where he goes to a secret base inside the wrecked RMS Queen Elizabeth in the harbour. He also appears at a hotel in Hong Kong in Die Another Day.
Vietnam - He drives through Saigon in Vietnam on a motorbike in Tomorrow Never Dies.
Korea - He is captured in North Korea in Die Another Day, and is later released across the border into South Korea .
China - While several films involve China , Bond does not actually travel to the mainland (outside of Hong Kong). He is onboard a stealth ship off the coast of China in Tomorrow Never Dies, and also in that film is parachute dropped into ocean which is believed to be Chinese, but which ends up being Vietnamese. He also appears at a US Air Force base in the South China Sea in that film. In The Man With the Golden Gun the finale is on an island off the coast of China, where Bond and Scaramanga duel. However, Bond does go to Hong Kong in Die Another Day which was part of China when it was filmed (2002).
Thailand - Bond goes to Thailand in The Man With the Golden Gun.
India - Much of Octopussy is set in India where Bond visit's Octopussy's and Kamal's palaces.
Afghanistan - The finale of The Living Daylights is set in Afghanistan where Bond escapes from a Soviet air force base and joins the mujahideen
Pakistan - At the end of The Living Daylights Bond crashes a Soviet aircraft in Pakistan , where he heads off for Karachi , where he "knows a great restaurant".
Caucasus - The start of Tomorrow Never Dies involves an arms bazaar "on the Russian border". It is close to the Black Sea where a British ship fires a missile on it, so it could be presumed to be Azerbaijan or Georgia but it is not actually identified. Bond goes to Baku in Azerbaijan in The World Is Not Enough.
Middle East - In The Man With the Golden Gun he goes to Beirut in Lebanon .
Battleship Island - Bond is held captive by Raoul Silva in Skyfall.
Africa
Egypt - In the pre-credits sequence of Diamonds Are Forever, Bond is briefly shown punching a man in the face in Cairo at a blackjack table while looking for Blofeld . In The Spy Who Loved Me, Bond goes to Egypt near the Great Pyramids .
Morocco - In The Living Daylights, Bond pursues General Pushkin , head of the KGB, to Tangier , and fakes Pushkin's assassination. Near the end of the film, he returns to Tangier to take down the villain Brad Whitaker .
Also, Bond rescues his girl in Never Say Never Again from an unnamed North African country. The start of Moonraker shows Bond returning from "Africa" where he and Jaws fight on their way out of a plane. Bond thinks he will be sent to South Africa in Diamonds are Forever, saying "I've always wanted to go to South Africa" but he is in fact sent to the Netherlands. In 2011, director Sam Mendes confirmed that he would visit South Africa in Bond 23 which is now Skyfall . However, this idea was later scrapped by the franchise.
Other
Outer Space - In Moonraker Bond flies one of Drax's shuttles from his launch center in the Amazon to his space station. In You Only Live Twice , Bond very nearly went into space, with him disguised as an astronaut but being stopped from boarding the SPECTRE craft at the last second by Blofeld.
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James Bond Games Wiki
A View to a Kill
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A View to a Kill is the name of two separate computer games based on the James Bond film A View to a Kill released in 1985.
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Domark created an action game split into three separate sections, inspired by scenes from the film. The game starts with the famous movie intro sequence of the moving gunsight and Bond shooting towards the camera.
In the first section set in Paris, James Bond commandeers a taxi to follow May Day who has parachuted from the Eiffel Tower. Roadblocks and police cars are out to stop Bond, who can shoot his pistol at them to get them out of the way. The display is in three sections - an overhead map of Paris, a small 3D view from the car's point of view, and a scanner showing May Day's height. James must arrive at the right location to catch her as she lands.
In the second section, James must help Stacey Sutton escape from San Francisco City Hall, which is on fire. Each room is displayed from a side-on perspective. James must collect useful objects to get through the floors of the building, such as keys to open doors and buckets of water to stop the progress of the fire.
In the third and final section, James must collect the code numbers to stop the detonation of Zorin's bomb. Bond runs around the mine, avoiding rockfalls and long drops. Among the objects he can pick up are a grapnel gun (to fire ropes upward which he can climb to safety) and a plank of wood to bridge gaps. May Day is also somewhere in the mine.
A password system lets you play the second or third levels on their own without completing the first.
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