text
stringlengths 205
677k
| id
stringlengths 47
47
| dump
stringclasses 1
value | url
stringlengths 15
2.02k
| file_path
stringlengths 125
126
| language
stringclasses 1
value | language_score
float64 0.65
1
| token_count
int64 47
152k
| score
float64 2.52
5.16
| int_score
int64 3
5
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The rate of people who smoke cigarettes among recovering alcohol addicts is three times higher than the national American average. Research shows that recovering alcoholics are at a far greater risk of negative health from smoking than other smokers too.
People who suffer from mental health issues and/or substance addiction account for 40% of all the cigarettes sold in the US.
Why are Alcoholics Who Smoke More at Risk?
Because of the damage from chronic drinking within the body of an alcoholic, or even a recovering alcoholic, when they smoke, they are not as well equipped to cope with the health problems. This is true particularly for cancer and cardiovascular disease.
Research even shows that alcohol addicts who smoke, are more likely to die from the effects of smoking than they are from alcohol-related problems.
Will I be more Likely to fail in Recovery if I quit Smoking too?
This is a myth, quitting smoking will not threaten your sobriety. Some rehab treatment centres do not require you to quit smoking alongside quitting alcohol, but this could be down to being smokers themselves, and that it is not 100% necessary. Many believe that you should “tackle one addiction at a time”, but the truth is, that quitting smoking immediately is the best solution.
Scientific research even backs up that you should quit smoking at the same time. It has been found that nicotine can increase our cravings for an alcoholic drink – especially for those who are used to them going hand in hand. Continuing to smoke during recovery can increase the likelihood of relapse.
How Can I Quit Smoking as a Recovering Alcoholic?
Most alcoholics, either in recovery or not, will know that they need to quit, but don’t want to face the additional challenges. They might also fail when they attempt to quit, due to trying to do it alone.
When quitting smoking, people in recovery should consider the tools they learnt when overcoming their alcohol addiction. Giving up smoking is hard, so help from medical treatment, counselling, and support groups can also be utilised.
The key to quitting smoking successfully also lies in mentally preparing yourself to quit. If you first understand the difficulties you may face when you try, you will be better equipped to overcome them.
Thousands of people in the world quit smoking each year, leaving behind tar and nicotine and letting the healing process begin. Make that next person be yourself!
|
<urn:uuid:845309a4-31f7-4817-8607-fbbef768b764>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://fitnesstips.us/is-smoking-more-harmful-for-recovering-alcohol-addicts/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.961653 | 485 | 2.515625 | 3 |
A Fight for Civil Rights
The section dedicated to the civil rights icon Viola Desmond in the Canadian Human Rights Museum is particularly interesting. Indeed, Viola is often labeled the “’Rosa Parks of Canada,” for the role she played in the fight against racial discrimination in Canada, a country that did not have an official structure of racial segregation (Canadian Human Rights Museum Website 1).
Besides, she was born to a white mother and a hard working black father who were active within their Halifax community. Hence, Desmond grew up with great ambition. In a period where opportunities for black people and women were extremely thin for, Desmond was determined to establish herself in business. She went to study in Montreal’s Field Beauty Culture School, a handful of which accepted few students of color. She opened Vi’s Studio of Culture and Beauty as well as a salon in Halifax after her studies. Next, she extended her business kingdom, by starting the Desmond School of Beauty Culture that enrolled black women and further introducing her line of beauty products. On 8th of November 1946, then 32, Desmond had some free time to spent while she relaxed and waited for her car to be fixed after malfunctioning while in New Glasgow (CBC News Website 1). In that case, she went to entertain herself at the local Roseland Theatre. Since she did not know that the theatre was segregated, Desmond decided to sit at the “whites only” main-floo…
Free A Fight for Civil Rights Essay Sample, Download Now
Order Original Essay on the Similar TopicGet an original paper on the same topic
from $10 per-page
|
<urn:uuid:b2012663-fc94-4743-9631-3742058378dc>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://free.essay-samples.com/a-fight-for-civil-rights/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.974723 | 336 | 3.609375 | 4 |
Part of the statutory purposes of a National Park is to protect and promote the Cultural Heritage of the area. This embraces the history of the interaction of humans and the environment, and includes settlement history, land use and farming practices, industry, local traditions and dialects, and much more. The “Built Heritage” is a major part of this, comprising buildings and other structures from the earliest settlers to the present day.
- The various forms of the built heritage in the Dales are partly due to the differing geology and geography within the area, and in particular the types of stone available.
- The built heritage of the Dales includes Archaeology of national importance ranging from cave remains from the last Ice Age, ancient earthworks, traces of early farming, Roman roads and camps, abbeys and castles, to the industrial remains from recent centuries.
- It embraces distinctive traditional architecture and attractive villages, hamlets and farmsteads sitting harmoniously within the landscape.
- The “barns and walls landscape” of the Dales is unique, not only in the Dales, but also internationally.
- Among the many other important and distinctive forms of built heritage are the remains of lead mining, limestone working and water mills; distinctive forms of stiles; fine bridges, churches dating from many periods; non-conformist chapels; traces of former transport systems; and the Settle-Carlisle railway line.
- The built heritage offers opportunities to tell the story of the landscape and human habitation, helps drive the rural economy and is important to the area’s tourism appeal.
- Many aspects of the built heritage are currently at risk. Among the causes of this are changes in farming practices and a decline in farm incomes, which lead to lack of maintenance of some traditional buildings and pressure for their conversion into houses.
- Many designated assets (Scheduled Monuments, Listed Buildings, Conservation Areas) are “at risk” and it is increasingly difficult to secure funds for their conservation.
- The long term decline of the barns and walls landscape, a key feature of the landscape and part of the Dales’ international appeal, is of special concern.
- Some settlements which merit Conservation Area status remain undesignated (e.g. Malham).
- Funding for the maintenance of traditional farm buildings under former schemes such as Environmentally Sensitive Areas or Environmental Stewardship had restrictions on the future use of such buildings which discouraged some applicants, and these funds have now ceased to be available.
- Changes in population, mobility and religious observance lead to places of worship becoming unviable. This can result in neglected buildings or to proposals for new uses.
We believe that:
- There is a need to heighten awareness and appreciation of the built heritage of the Dales.
- We need to work with others to encourage new funding to conserve and maintain these assets.
- While maintenance and conservation should be the highest priority, we recognise that “managed decline” (see footnote) has a place as part of the continuing story of the Dales.
- The National Park Authority and other responsible bodies should receive more funding to reduce the number of Scheduled Monuments, Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas which are “at risk”.
- Future farming support schemes should recognise the vital contribution that small traditional farm buildings and drystone walls make to the beauty and cultural heritage of the area and to the tourist economy, and significant funding for the maintenance and conservation of these structures should form part of any such schemes.
- Building conversions are in some cases necessary for the survival of a building at risk. We advocate keeping external changes to a minimum and the retention of features of historic interest. Such conversions may help support the rural economy and also facilitate the understanding and enjoyment of the Dales’ built heritage.
- Structures which are not “designated” but regarded locally as significant assets (e.g. bridges, walls, buildings) should be identified and recorded, and their historic interest taken into account alongside designated assets.
- Some places of worship become redundant, but having served a community for many years, they are an important part of the cultural heritage of an area and may also be of architectural importance. Their appearance should not be altered in such a way as to obscure their former use.
What we will do
We will, through articles in the Yorkshire Dales Review, our events programme, our links with the Campaign for National Parks and other organisations, our comments on the National Park Management Plan, and by our own actions:
- Campaign for additional government funding to enable the National Park and other responsible authorities to take a more proactive approach to the conservation and management of the built heritage.
- Campaign for renewed agri-environment funding to farmers for the maintenance and conservation of traditional farm buildings and drystone walls, showing that these are features of the cultural landscape which provide important benefits to the public and support the tourist economy.
- Help to identify and promote understanding and enjoyment of built heritage assets, especially those that are distinctive of the Dales, and why some have ceased to be used.
- Encourage ongoing reduction in the numbers of Scheduled Monuments, Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas which are at risk.
- Urge the National Park Authority to develop a targeted programme of funding support for the conserving and appropriate re-use of barns, especially in the barns and walls Conservation Areas.
- Encourage the National Park Authority to retain (and if possible expand) its historic environment staff resounces and expertise.
- Support and encourage the National Park Authority in the maintenance and enhancement of the Historic Environment Record and in ensuring its accessibility to members of the public.
- Consider the need for new Conservation Area designations and make recommendations to the National Park or other authority.
- Encourage the responsible authorities to undertake an active programme of Conservation Area enhancement, working with local communities.
- Through our responses to planning applications:
- seek to ensure that building conversions and extensions are appropriate in scale and character to their landscape settings
- encourage the careful and sympathetic conservation and restoration of listed buildings and other examples of traditional vernacular buildings
- support sensitive, creative and appropriate re-use and adaptation of listed and vernacular buildings where this is necessary to their survival.
- support the sympathetic and imaginative conversion of former places of worship, so long as architectural features such as fenestration and doorways and name- and date- stones are retained whenever possible.
Footnote: ‘Managed decline’ is the process whereby the loss of the barn is accepted, but a full record of the building, its context and its historic interest is made before consolidation of the ruin or removal and re-use of the materials in other traditional buildings.
Our Trustee Nancy Stedman has been monitoring planning applications to convert barns in the Yorkshire Dales National Park. Over recent years a change to planning policy has led to a big increase in applications to convert roadside barns to local occupancy homes or short term holiday lets.
Nancy has created a presenation, downloadable below, to explore the implications of this change in policy – are barns being conserved, and if so, is there more housing for local people?
This presentation has been given to a number of local groups, including by digital presentation, during 2019 and 2020.
|
<urn:uuid:04858f40-c7a6-4c5a-9e61-009467ee73cb>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://friendsofthedales.org.uk/policies/built-heritage
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.942782 | 1,519 | 3.421875 | 3 |
Date Nutrition Facts
Date nutrition facts play a vital role in determining its nutritional value. Generally, all fruits are nutritious as they are rich source of essential micro-nutrients and macro-nutrients required for human body. But the nutrient content of some fruits is more than the others which makes them the ideal choice for health diet and other purposes. Keep reading to get the information about Date nutrition facts like carbs in Date, potassium, vitamins, etc.
Amount of Carbs in Date
Amount of Carbs in Date play an important role in Date nutrition. For a serving size of 100 g, the amount of carbs present in Date are 75.03 g.The amount of sugar present in 100 g of Date is 63.35 g and this fruit belongs to Tropical Fruits. Carbohydrates provide us the energy for our daily activities and also prevent diseases by maintaining the cholesterol level. The fiber content of Date is 8.00 g. Fiber doesn't get digested by our body but passes intact through the intestinal tract and helps remove the waste out of our body.
|
<urn:uuid:ded9ed16-71cb-4827-8c4b-deb29444957d>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://fruits.nutriarena.com/en/date-nutrition/model-27-2
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.926321 | 215 | 2.59375 | 3 |
In Exploring Differences, We Discover Similarities
- School Year: 2016-2017
- Applicants: Rebecca Behlman, Lead Teacher
- School: Charter Oak
- Subjects: Visual Arts, Music, Language Arts, Social Studies
This workshop at Charter Oak International Academy Elementary School will allow our fourth grade classes to participate in a session with visiting artist Rachna Agrawal. She will use traditional Kathak dance to “tell” the story of Rama and Sita, a portion of the epic poem Ramayana. Through this traditional Indian mode of storytelling, Rachna will explore a variety of aspects of Indian culture: dance, music, art, artifacts, clothing, and customs. She will take students along a tantalizing cultural journey, as she demonstrates indigenous dance forms and storytelling; shares the intricate craftwork of native artisans; and paints a picture of this amazing country through stories of her ancestral home. Fourth grade students begin “Who We Are…”, a transdisciplinary unit on cultures from around the world, by interviewing family members to learn about their own culture. Then they immerse themselves in a study of folktales/myths. Students analyze the cultural elements of each story’s origin country through close investigation of words and illustration. At the same time, they are researching individual countries and incorporating elements from these studies into their own writing. After the workshop, students will use information gained from this experience as background for their individual projects for our annual Inquiry Gallery community event. A video of the “storytelling” dance performance will be shown to the school community during the celebration. Students will travel by bus and take a tour of the UN, including the Security Council and General Assembly where all 193 Member States meet to discuss global issues and resolve potential disputes. They will be get an insiders tour and be able to visit the four chambers including the General Assembly Hall, the Security Council Chamber, the Trusteeship Council Chamber and the Economic and Social Council Chamber. Students will have an opportunity to view the 30 Articles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights designed by Brazilian artist, Octavio Roth. They will hear about children all around the world who face challenges such as hunger, natural disasters and diseases and learn how the United Nations works to overcome these difficulties. At the disarmament stop of the tour, they will see artifacts from the nuclear explosions at Nagasaki and Hiroshima. Building on their studies in fourth and fifth grade, they will delve into government, human rights, and see how they can change the word. This trip will reinforce their understanding of their place in the globe and perhaps even inspire one of them to become the next Madeline Albright or Condoleezza Rice!
|
<urn:uuid:7b6adae3-e986-4049-947e-416e32f9144e>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://fwhps.org/grantsawarded/view/in-exploring-differences-we-discover-similarities-507
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.93828 | 553 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Exploring Folktale Characteristics and Tropes
LESSON: Exploring Folktale Characteristics and Tropes
Content Area(s): Language Arts
Questions to Consider:
- What makes a folktale a folktale?
- What are some of the common characteristics found in popular folktales?
- What are familiar themes often found in folktales?
- In what ways has history influenced the evolution of the folktale?
Brainstorm the common characteristics found in fairy tales in which students are most familiar. Students might organize these characteristics using list, group, label or an alternative method.
Examine several versions of the same tale to determine how these tales meet or defy these common characteristics.
Elementary: Little Red Riding Hood by Paul Galdone; Little Red Riding Hood by John S. Goodall; Little Red Riding Sheep by Linda Lodding, Illustrated by Cale Atkinson
Middle: Little Red Riding Hood by Beni Montresor; Red Riding Hood by James Marshall; Little Red by Bethan Woolvin; Rotkäppchen by Adolfo Serra
Secondary: The Story of Little Red Riding Hood illustrated by Christopher Bing; The Girl in Red by Aaron Frisch; Little Red Hood by Tony Ross
|
<urn:uuid:585b1553-7170-436e-91e2-91ec82b0c963>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://gallery.lib.umn.edu/exhibits/show/lrrh/curriculum/characteristics-and-tropes
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.871719 | 254 | 4.0625 | 4 |
|What is the bug that attacks small green pea plants scalloping around the edges of the leaves, and how do I control them?
|There are a number of insect pests that can cause the damage you describe: Cutworms - These dull colored worms feed on the foliage at night and clip plants off at the soil. During the day they hide in the soil just below the soil surface. Pea Weevil - The adults are brownish with white, black and grayish markings. The white, small, larvae have brown heads and mouths. The adults feed on blossoms and lay eggs on the young pods. The larvae burrow into the seed. Loopers - are green with light stripes down their
sides. They hump up when crawling and feed on the foliage. Green Cloverworm - The larvae are green and have 3 pairs of legs in the middle of the body and have white stripes down their sides. They feed on the leaves and pods.
Without knowing which pest is ravaging your crop, it's difficult to make a recommendation for treatment. If you can catch the culprit in the act, and it is a worm-like critter, the botanical Bacillus thuringensis should control them. Be sure to read the label and apply according to label directions.
|
<urn:uuid:629245d8-ff20-4315-9938-e2bfb31584dc>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://garden.org/frogs/view/19346/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.944459 | 261 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Bill C-31, otherwise known as An Act to Amend the Indian Act, resulted because of persistent activism on the part of Indigenous women who recognized and opposed the inherent gender bias within the Indian Act. This amendment reinstated status to Indigenous women, and their children, who had previously had their status revoked by the pre-1985 Indian Act due to marriage to a non-Indian. Losing status meant much more than no longer being viewed as an ‘Indian’, it resulted in a loss of access to rights, programs, and on reserve housing, ultimately isolating Indigenous women from their friends and family. This bill also shifted more responsibility on to band councils and away from the federal government in regards to band membership by allowing bands to create their own membership codes and make decisions on whether or not to allow reinstated women and their children into their bands. Bill C-31 created a more complicated formula when determining Indian status by creating what is known as the ‘second generation cut-off rule’. This rule states that status is revoked from individuals who have fewer than two grandparents with Indian status. This rule applies only to Indigenous women who married non-Indians prior to April 17, 1985 and their subsequent children. The new formula for status was also discriminatory towards the children of Indigenous women who had married non-Indians because they were placed in a category that essentially labelled them as ‘less Indian’. This lesser level of status is gender discriminatory because it applies only to the grandchildren of Indigenous women who married non-Indians, and not to Indigenous men who married non-Indians. Although Bill C-31 was created as a means to eliminate gender discrimination within the Indian Act, it resulted in the creation of residual gender bias towards Indigenous women and their children.
Bill C-31 was aimed at correcting the gender bias from the Indian Act in which women were stripped of their status if they married a non-Indian man. However, the amendment resulted in residual gender bias that still affects Indigenous women today. Women and their children did not automatically have their status reinstated, in fact, they had to apply for it. The federal government shifted responsibility for membership to band councils within this amendment which has left many Indigenous women marginalized. This left bands in a conflicting position because if they accepted these women it would result in further taxation of their already limited resources, which are often already inadequate when providing for their members. The amendment created further tensions within the Indigenous community because many bands vehemently opposed the amendments, some even taking their concerns to court claiming that the amendments were unconstitutional and violated their Section 35 rights. The ‘second generation cut-off rule’ has also had lasting implications for Indigenous women. Because this rule only applies to women who married non-Indians prior to the 1985 amendment, it further discriminates against Indigenous women and their children. The residual gender bias that still exists today as a result of Bill C-31 has contributed to the marginalization of Indigenous women within Canadian society. Indigenous women are overrepresented in the justice system, the sex trade, and also in situations of domestic violence as a result of colonial policies such as the Indian Act.
Bill C-31: An Act to Amend the Indian Act
Gender, Sovereignty, Rights: Native Women's Activism Against Social Inequality and Violence in Canada
Indigenous Self-Goverment in Canada and Sexual Equality under the Indian Act: Resolving Conflicts between Collective and Individual Rights
|
<urn:uuid:fe1c1016-7501-40ab-8c28-533233b70646>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://gladue.usask.ca/node/2856
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.982342 | 694 | 3.5 | 4 |
From the newspaper which brought you a completely misleading and overhyped article on the Oxyrhynchus fragments, an article on a newly discovered ancient civilization of stone-age temple builders. I would normally find this exciting but after being taken in by the previous article I wonder if this is even news. One of the authors (David Keys) is even the same as the previous article.
What’s that acronym again? ATIUBS?
ATIUBS, this sounds pretty cool.
Archaeologists have discovered Europe’s oldest civilisation, a network of dozens of temples, 2,000 years older than Stonehenge and the Pyramids.
More than 150 gigantic monuments have been located beneath the fields and cities of modern-day Germany, Austria and Slovakia. They were built 7,000 years ago, between 4800BC and 4600BC. Their discovery, revealed today by The Independent, will revolutionise the study of prehistoric Europe, where an appetite for monumental architecture was thought to have developed later than in Mesopotamia and Egypt.
In all, more than 150 temples have been identified. Constructed of earth and wood, they had ramparts and palisades that stretched for up to half a mile. They were built by a religious people who lived in communal longhouses up to 50 metres long, grouped around substantial villages. Evidence suggests their economy was based on cattle, sheep, goat and pig farming.
Their civilisation seems to have died out after about 200 years and the recent archaeological discoveries are so new that the temple building culture does not even have a name yet.
Excavations have been taking place over the past few years – and have triggered a re-evaluation of similar, though hitherto mostly undated, complexes identified from aerial photographs throughout central Europe.
Archaeologists are now beginning to suspect that hundreds of these very early monumental religious centres, each up to 150 metres across, were constructed across a 400-mile swath of land in what is now Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and eastern Germany.
The most complex excavated so far – located inside the city of Dresden – consisted of an apparently sacred internal space surrounded by two palisades, three earthen banks and four ditches.
The monuments seem to be a phenomenon associated exclusively with a period of consolidation and growth that followed the initial establishment of farming cultures in the centre of the continent.
It is possible that the newly revealed early Neolithic monument phenomenon was the consequence of an increase in the size of – and competition between – emerging Neolithic tribal or pan-tribal groups, arguably Europe’s earliest mini-states.
After a relatively brief period – perhaps just one or two hundred years – either the need or the socio-political ability to build them disappeared, and monuments of this scale were not built again until the Middle Bronze Age, 3,000 years later. Why this monumental culture collapsed is a mystery.
The archaeological investigation into these vast Stone Age temples over the past three years has also revealed several other mysteries. First, each complex was only used for a few generations – perhaps 100 years maximum. Second, the central sacred area was nearly always the same size, about a third of a hectare. Third, each circular enclosure ditch – irrespective of diameter – involved the removal of the same volume of earth. In other words, the builders reduced the depth and/or width of each ditch in inverse proportion to its diameter, so as to always keep volume (and thus time spent) constant .
Archaeologists are speculating that this may have been in order to allow each earthwork to be dug by a set number of special status workers in a set number of days – perhaps to satisfy the ritual requirements of some sort of religious calendar.
The multiple bank, ditch and palisade systems “protecting” the inner space seem not to have been built for defensive purposes – and were instead probably designed to prevent ordinary tribespeople from seeing the sacred and presumably secret rituals which were performed in the “inner sanctum” .
The investigation so far suggests that each religious complex was ritually decommissioned at the end of its life, with the ditches, each of which had been dug successively, being deliberately filled in.
“Our excavations have revealed the degree of monumental vision and sophistication used by these early farming communities to create Europe’s first truly large scale earthwork complexes,” said the senior archaeologist, Harald Staeuble of the Saxony state government’s heritage department, who has been directing the archaeological investigations. Scientific investigations into the recently excavated material are taking place in Dresden.
The people who built the huge circular temples were the descendants of migrants who arrived many centuries earlier from the Danube plain in what is now northern Serbia and Hungary. The temple-builders were pastoralists, controlling large herds of cattle, sheep and goats as well as pigs. They made tools of stone, bone and wood, and small ceramic statues of humans and animals. They manufactured substantial amounts of geometrically decorated pottery, and they lived in large longhouses in substantial villages.
One village complex and temple at Aythra, near Leipzig, covers an area of 25 hectares. Two hundred longhouses have been found there. The population would have been up to 300 people living in a highly organised settlement of 15 to 20 very large communal buildings.
|
<urn:uuid:be8eee3b-5632-4019-91f7-51cb4248e6ee>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://goesping.org/archives/2005/06/11/temple-builders-of-eastern-europe/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.972206 | 1,109 | 2.703125 | 3 |
World Mental Health Day first started in 1992 at the initiative of the World Federation for Mental Health, which today has grown to include members from over 150 countries from around the globe. Every October 10th, the World Health Organization (WHO) and other health partners raise awareness about mental illness and advocate for better patient resources and social acceptance.
According to WHO, about25% of the population will experience a mental or neurological disorderat some point in their life, which makes mental illness one of the most common conditions in existence today. It’s also a leading cause of disability, absenteeism, lost productivity, and healthcare costs. Despite its pervasiveness, only about one-third of people with a known mental disorder receive treatment, according to the WHO—and, like most chronic conditions, mental illnesses are often underdiagnosed.
Accessibility is one of the greatest barriers to adequate treatment. But clinical studies prove meditation can offer outstanding benefits for mental health, on top of being available to everyone, regardless of their background or ability.
Mental Health Benefits of Meditation
Meditation presents immediate and long-term benefits, including but not limited to:
- Better sleep
- Reduced heart rate
- Enhanced memory function
- Lower stress-related hormonal and inflammatory levels
- Greater self-awareness
- Emotional regulation
- Improved focus
- Mental fortitude
- Increased patience and tolerance toward others
- Sharpened emotional intelligence
- Greater observational skills
- More receptivity and perspective
Cumulatively, the physiological and mental effects of meditation can alleviate symptoms of mental illness. Depression, for example, is often characterized by poor concentration, impaired memory, and sleep disruptions—all of which can improve with a regular meditation practice. A three-year study conducted by the University of Massachusetts Medical Center showed aconsistent, long-term decrease in depression symptoms when participants practiced mindfulness meditationevery week.
These beneficial effects have a clear physiological impact as well. In 2010, Sara W. Lazar, PhD, Associate Researcher in the Psychiatry Department at Massachusetts General Hospital and an Assistant Professor in Psychology at Harvard Medical School, was the first to documentincreased gray matter densityin the brain following 8 weeks of meditation. Just a few years later in 2018, Drs. Benjamin Shapero and Gaëlle Desbordes found172 gene expressions changed after 8 weeks of a mindfulness practice.
Though scientists are still working to understand how meditation affects mental health, clinical evidence seems to support what practitioners have intuitively known for thousands of years: Meditation is a mind-body health intervention that’s effective and incredibly versatile.
How Does Meditation Work?
There are many different types of meditation practices, from guided mindfulness meditations to kundalini yoga, Zen (sometimes called Zazen) meditation, and Tai chi. Even relaxed breathing exercises can radically affect a person’s emotional and mental state.
When a person feels happy, for example, their respiration will be regular, deep and slow. When they are anxious, their breathing will be irregular, shallow, and fast. These responses occur involuntarily when an external force—for example, a work deadline or presentation—triggers the sympathetic nervous system.
An individual’s emotions are connected to their breathing, and this innate correlation makes it possible to counteract a “fight or flight” response and think more clearly. According to a report from the Harvard Business Review,deliberately slowing your breathing pattern signals relaxation, which will thereby help you feel calmer and more rational.
Here’s a simple centering exercise to demonstrate this idea: Inhale for four seconds, pause briefly, and then exhale for eight seconds. Continue this rhythm for 5-10 minutes and you should start to feel more relaxed.
How to Start a Meditation Practice at Work
No matter what type of meditation they practice, employees need the following conditions to reap the greatest results:
- Relaxed breathing
- A peaceful environment
- Comfortable positioning
- An open mind
To make the practice more inviting, consider enlisting a coach to lead a guided meditation session. A knowledgeable instructor adds structure to the process and can teach beginners how to get started. They also create accountability and can help reinforce mindfulness until it becomes habitual.
One of the most widely practiced guided meditations is called scanning. To begin, an instructor asks participants to focus on the lowest portion of their body and explore the sensations there. They might ask individuals if they feel tense, sore, tight, loose, cramped, etc. Then, the guide typically tells the class to acknowledge these feelings, thereby building awareness of their body and the present. Next, the instructor will tell the group to visualize heat and relaxation spreading throughout the area. They can continue this exercise until every portion of the body has been covered. Some individuals like to imagine a color that corresponds with the heat—for example, a soothing purple or blue.
This meditation can be combined with a simple breathing exercise to help employees regulate their emotions and manage stress. It’s also been shown to alleviatechronic pain, which can increase a person’s likelihood of developing a mental illness.
Employee Benefits and Mental Health
If you want to offer additional resources to employees to support their mental health, Gympass can help make the process simple. We have thousands of wellness partners from around the world offering guided meditation sessions, mental health counseling, fitness classes, and more. Our unique membership platform gives employees the power to customize their wellness journey to fit their needs and schedule, with a broad variety of programs, applications, and studios to choose from. To learn more about how Gympass can support your mental health initiative, visit ourcorporate pagetoday andrequest a quote.
The Gympass Editorial Team empowers HR leaders to support worker wellbeing. Our original research, trend analyses, and helpful how-tos provide the tools they need to improve workforce wellness in today's fast-shifting professional landscape.
|
<urn:uuid:0a71a1fd-6719-4a1e-aa41-afa809ff5abd>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://gympass.com/en-us/blog/mental-wellness/supporting-world-mental-health-day-through-meditation/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.929049 | 1,224 | 3.46875 | 3 |
Follow us on LinkedIn
When it comes to the stock market, certain events can cause significant volatility in the markets and can lead to major losses for investors. One of the major events that can cause these kinds of losses is a black swan event.
The event can cause significant losses due to the occurrence of an unexpected event, which can cause a dramatic change in the markets. Black swan events are unpredictable and often have far-reaching consequences that can affect various aspects of the economy.
What is a Black Swan Event
A Black Swan event is an unpredictable and unforeseen event that has extreme consequences. It is typically a low-probability occurrence with potentially significant impacts on society or businesses.
The term was first coined by Nassim Taleb in his book The Black Swan: The Impact of the Highly Improbable, which explores the potential implications of highly improbable events.
The concept of a Black Swan event has subsequently been used in fields such as finance and economics to describe unexpected events that can have far-reaching effects on markets and economies.
For example, the 2008 financial crisis is often referred to as a Black Swan event due to its unexpected nature and devastating impact.
While it is impossible to predict a Black Swan event, it is important to prepare for one to minimize the risks of significant losses.
Understanding the Black Swan Event
The term ‘Black Swan’ is used to describe an event that is both unprecedented and highly improbable, yet has a significant impact on society or businesses.
These events are often attributed to “unknown unknowns” – things we didn’t know and weren’t expecting – but can also be caused by known risks that have been ignored or underestimated.
Most of the time, Black Swan events occur due to a combination of unforeseen circumstances coming together in dramatic and unpredictable ways, such as the 2008 financial crisis.
This event mainly hits the stock market and stock prices, but can also hit other areas such as the housing market, labor market, and technology sector.
The impact of the Black Swan events can be significant and long-lasting. It is therefore important to have strategies in place to identify potential risks and prepare for them.
Characteristics of a Black Swan Event
- Black swan events are unexpected and unpredictable
- The effects can last for extended periods
- Has a huge impact on the economy, markets, and society
- May cause global chaos or disruption
- Can have catastrophic consequences
- Difficult to detect and predict
Examples of the Black Swan Event
A good example of the Black Swan Event would be the 2008 Financial Crisis. This was caused by some factors such as high levels of debt, lax regulation, and excessive speculation in the housing market.
The event had a major global impact on economies, financial markets, and societies.
The terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11th, 2001 would also be considered to be an example of a Black Swan Event. This was an event that was not only unexpected and unpredictable but one that had a lasting effect on the world.
There are noticeable similarities between every Black Swan Event and the effects can be felt both in the short term and long term. They can have a devastating impact on society, economies, and financial markets.
The Black Swan is an unpredictable event that can have far-reaching consequences. While it is impossible to predict these events, it is important to be prepared for them to minimize the risks of significant losses. Understanding the characteristics of a Black Swan event and having strategies in place can help protect businesses from potential disasters.
Have an answer to the questions below? Post it here or in the forum
VANCOUVER, British Columbia, Nov. 21, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — NINE MILE METALS LTD. (CSE: NINE, OTCQB: VMSXF, FSE: KQ9) (the “Company” or “Nine Mile”), announces its intention to complete an unsecured loan financing for proceeds of up to $500,000 (the “Loan”) for accredited investors. The…
DUBAI, United Arab Emirates — As the holiday season approaches, Banuba, a leading provider of augmented reality (AR) solutions, is excited to announce the launch of a captivating collection of holiday-themed face filters in Face AR Kit. With the potential for substantial profits during this…
WASHINGTON (AP) — The U.S. government has reached a settlement with the world’s largest cryptocurrency exchange worth more than $4 billion, a person familiar with the agreement told The Associated Press on Wednesday. The settlement with Binance was confirmed on the condition of anonymity ahead…
|
<urn:uuid:c4565bc2-4ed8-4b37-a5ed-da95ad2af8ce>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://harbourfronts.com/black-swan-event/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.955683 | 962 | 2.921875 | 3 |
Huntington’s disease (HD) is a fatal genetic disorder that causes the progressive breakdown of nerve cells in the brain. It deteriorates a person’s physical and mental abilities usually during their prime working years and has no cure.
Locate HDSA Chapters and Affiliates, Support Groups, Social Workers, and Centers of Excellence in your area as well as additional local medical, legal, social, and therapeutic resources for people with HD and their families.
Since 1999, the Huntington’s Disease Society of America has committed more than $20 million to fund research, with the goal of finding effective treatments to slow Huntington’s disease. Our research efforts have helped to increase the number of scientists working on HD and have shed light on many of the complex biological mechanisms involved.
This section includes online courses for physicians, social workers and therapists who care for people with HD at the local level. Courses deal with cognitive, physical, therapeutic, technological and legal HD issues among other topics. This section also includes reference materials in video and PDF format for Social Workers on HD issues listed by varied categories.
When Marjorie Guthrie founded our organization in 1967, her vow was to “do something” about this devastating disease. Today we continue her legacy by bringing together the entire community to provide help and hope to all families affected by Huntington’s disease. Listed here are some of the ways you can get involved in the fight against HD.
|
<urn:uuid:ef1a8dbb-848a-4f9f-9d1a-a0fab5bb9e01>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://hdsa.org/how-to-help/other-ways-to-give/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.956473 | 300 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Injection drug use has significant health consequences, including high rates of HIV and hepatitis C transmission. These problems have been exacerbated in recent years by the use of crystal methamphetamine (commonly called crystal meth), particularly in BC. Methamphetamine use is becoming increasingly common among marginalized youth, particularly those whose social and economic environment is the street. It is estimated there are between 45,000 to 150,000 street-involved youth in Canada, most of whom live in the large urban centres of Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. Illicit drug use and unsafe sexual practices, including unprotected sex and sex trade work, increase susceptibility to HIV infection among street-involved youth. Brandon Marshall is one of the few researchers investigating the relationship between illicit drug use and sexual risk behaviours among street-involved youth. Using data collected from the B.C. Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS At-Risk Youth Study, he will examine how different social, structural, and environmental factors impact sexual practices. Specific factors include the age of first sexual experience, sexual orientation, illicit drug use, sexual relationships with older partners, access to health services, and involvement in the Downtown Eastside community of Vancouver, where drug use and poverty are prominent. This research will improve our understanding of illicit drug use and sexual activity in marginalized youth and will play an important role in developing sexual health education and prevention programs for youth at-risk.
|
<urn:uuid:a65bd473-3c8a-4c27-adf7-a0cd5f268310>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://healthresearchbc.ca/award/examination-illicit-drug-use-and-sexual-risk-behaviours-among-cohort-street-involved-youth-vancouver/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.940835 | 277 | 2.6875 | 3 |
There might actually be some good news about the ozone layer
If you’ve paid attention over the last few decades, you’ll know that news about the ozone layer is usually pretty bad. Scientists have observed parts of the ozone layer that have thinned, such as over Australia, which has resulted in an increase of UV radiation threatening all living things — exposure is dangerous as it can lead to a higher risk in cancer in humans, for example.
The ozone layer has also thinned in over Antarctica and actually caused a hole, again acting as a huge threat to the environment and its inhabitants. The ozone layer is essential to humanity, because it absorbs harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun.
There are many causes of this depletion which have occurred over time, from natural wind in the stratosphere, to our own use of substances that deplete the ozone, such as aerosol spray cans and air conditioning. Those products contain chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) , which have chlorine in them and are very harmful to the ozone layer. They were very, very bad news for decades, but finally, scientists are showing us a little hope: An international treaty in 1987 banned the use of CFCs in refrigerator coolants and aerosols, and finally the world is seeing positive results.
According to scientists at MIT who have been monitoring the ozone hole above the Antarctic for the last thirty years, it is shrinking due to the decrease in CFCs. Susan Solomon is an atmospheric chemist at MIT, and she recently published this study about the healing of the ozone layer. As she told Gizmodo, “This is a reminder that when the world gets together, we really can solve environmental problems.” With challenges like climate change bearing down on the planet, this proof that we can have a positive influence on our environment.
Of course there’s a long way to go before the ozone layer recovers, but this is a step in the right direction.
|
<urn:uuid:8ddebef8-5764-4da1-8d7d-2539c39f2f95>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://hellogiggles.com/good-news-ozone-layer/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.957421 | 406 | 3.265625 | 3 |
The US interstate highway system connects every major city in every state. 75,000km of highway may have paid the greatest dividends of any government investment.
75,000km of road across 70 highways connects every major mainland city in the US. The I-95 runs all the way from the Canadian border to Miami; the I-90 from Boston to Seattle. With just a couple of clicks on the indicator, commuters can essentially reach anywhere in the US. Known as the Interstate Highway System, perhaps no infrastructure project affected the American way of life more significantly.
Following WWII, President Eisenhower set out to connect the nation. In 1956 construction began and by the early 1970s, the majority of Interstates had been built.
Let’s zoom out and understand just how impressive this is. Sure, every country has a highway system but the US has 70 vertical and horizontal roads connecting a whole continent. It is one of the most far-reaching in the world. The Interstate’s construction led to suburbanisation, increased business between states, increased US tourism and so much more.
Despite making up just 2.5% of US roads, they carry 25% of car traffic and 50% of all truck traffic. This flows through to impact business, trade and housing significantly. To start, the Interstate drops travel times between cities by about 18%.
Moreover, a study from Yale found that the Interstate system has increased the value of farmland further from cities and decreased the value of central land. For every 1% increase in proximity to a local market, land prices in rural areas increase by almost 0.3%. Of course, a highway connecting a farm to a city increases access considerably more than just 1%.
The Interstate also changed where Americans lived. From 1950-1990, urban populations increased by 72% but inner-city populations dropped by 17%; people were moving to suburbs further and further from central business districts in search of bigger homes and yards knowing the roads could deliver them anywhere in much less time.
In a past edition of the Wrap, we have analysed the cost to build roads. It appears a worthwhile investment but is astronomically expensive. A mile of 2-lane highway built in an urban area costs state governments around US$5m. The 6-lane Interstate roads cost governments up to US$11m per mile.
|
<urn:uuid:face6541-e5e0-4c4f-b062-87e8db9db425>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://hellostake.com/nz/blog/the-wrap/interstate
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.963787 | 473 | 3.234375 | 3 |
Let's be honest, many creatives don't really make the difference between Spacing and Kerning. It's simply because both share the same goal: get a harmonious rhythm of space between letters for any character combination. And it is a 2-step process.
Step 1: Spacing
Spacing is about defining for each glyph the amount of whitespace on its left and right sides. These two values - called sidebearings - depend on the shape exposed by the glyph on each side. The "straighter" the side is (like for H, I, N or left of B, L,...) , the larger the sidebearing is.
A traditional process applied by many type designers is to start with straight letters like H (or n). It lets you define a rhythm for your font. Then continue with curved letters like O (or o) and go further until concave letters like T, X, V, Y or Z.
Let see a sample font before spacing:
and after spacing:
Look better, isn't it!
But the job is not done. There are still many pairs of letters which look bad:
Although A, V and T have been well spaced, the combinations AT, AV, VA (and many others) need further adjustments. It's time for Kerning.
Step 2: Kerning
Kerning lets you define whitespace correction for specific pairs when it's needed. Of course, AV, AT, or VA are the usual suspects like in our prevous sample:
But as you can imagine now, a professionnal font require thousands of pairs for all combinations that may need correction (Letters/Letters, Letters/Punctutation, ...). It's hours, sometimes days, of work for a trained eye to kern a font.
Let's do both in seconds
The good news here is that, since v3.5, Fontself Maker lets you get your font Spaced and/or Kerned in one click.
Of course it will never replace the trained eye of a professional type designer, but for most cases, it gives you a very satisfying result, saves you hours of work and lets you release your font faster.
How it works?
First, Fontself Maker precalculates a sidebearing value around straight letters like H (remember, it defines the rhythm of your font). Of course you can adust this value. Based on it, Fontself Maker automatically spaces all other glyphs.
Once Spacing is done, Fontself Maker groups your glyphs into kerning groups, and finally computes all the kerning pairs needed by your font.
Otherwise, enjoy the spare time ;)
|
<urn:uuid:9c38cac5-16e6-422b-8a5a-12a4a0c26349>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://help.fontself.com/en/articles/3722881-spacing-and-kerning-for-beginners
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.893899 | 552 | 3.296875 | 3 |
WWI Submarine Washed Ashore on the Beach at Hastings, England
By | December 19, 2015
In the early hours of 15 April 1919, at approximately 12:45am, the SM U-118 submarine ran aground on the beach at Hastings in Sussex , directly in front of the Queens Hotel. The residents of Hastings woke up in the morning greeted with the massive sight of the vessel.
Thousands of visitors flocked to see the submarine, so the Admiralty thought to make money out of it -- he allowed the town clerk to charge a fee for people who wants to climb on deck. Two coastguards were tasked to head the tour, showing visitors around and inside the submarine. However, the visits were stopped when the two coastguards became severely ill and died shortly after. It was later discovered chlorine gas were escaping from the beached submarine's battery, causing abscess on the lungs and brains of the two men.
The submarine was commissioned on 8 May 1918. Under the command of Herbert Stohwasser, SM U-118 joined the I Flotilla operating in the eastern Atlantic.
After about four months without any ships sunk, SM U-118 scored its first hit on another naval vessel on 16 September 1918,
Starting on 11 November 1918 the Imperial German Navy subsequently surrendered, including SM U-118 to France on 23 February 1919. U-118 was to be transferred to France where it would be broken up for scrap. However, while it was being towed through the English Channel towards Scapa Flow, the storm broke off its dragging hawser. causing the ship to run aground.
There were a few attempts to displace the stricken vessel; three tractors were used to refloat the submarine and a French destroyer attempted to break the ship apart using its cannons. The attempts however failed and the proximity of the submarine to the public beach dissuaded further use of explosives. Eventually, between October and December 1919, the SM U-118 submarine was broken up and the pieces removed and sold for scrap.
|
<urn:uuid:fccd03d1-8fc3-432a-a03c-305d5ebd5fe0>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://historydaily.org/wwi-submarine-washed-ashore
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.981238 | 413 | 2.890625 | 3 |
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed how organisations assess and segment their clients. With the power of AI, organisations can now analyse customer behaviour and preferences, shopping history, and many more. AI technologies can help business analysts harness all this knowledge to make data-driven decisions.
Enrolling in an AI ML training and AI learning course is a great way to enhance your skills in artificial intelligence. This blog will explore two essential techniques of AI in business analysis: Market Basket Analysis and Customer Behavior Analysis.
Market Basket Analysis
Market basket analysis (MBA) is a data mining approach retailers use to find purchase patterns in any retail context. It involves evaluating huge data sets, such as purchase history, to uncover product groups and products likely to be purchased together. MBA is a series of statistical affinity calculations that assist business owners in better understanding – and ultimately serving – their customers by identifying purchase trends. In basic terms, MBA looks for what combinations of products most commonly occur together in transactions.
Leveraging AI for market basket analysis
Market basket analysis is a data mining technique that identifies co-occurrence patterns and analyses the strength of the link between purchased products. Machine learning experts utilise this unsupervised learning technique to generate data-driven strategies for merchants, enhancing sales. It requires minimum feature engineering and minimal data cleaning.
By applying AI Association Rule Mining, merchants can boost market basket analysis and cross-selling techniques, increasing assortment efficiency. This analysis can identify which things buyers purchase together, assist companies in locating products together, and propose items customers commonly add to their shopping carts. This strategy also allows firms to deliver customised suggestions to clients.
Customer Behavior Analysis
Customer behaviour analysis is a technique of acquiring and analysing data about how customers engage with a firm. It provides insight into customer behaviour, including social trends, frequency patterns, and background variables influencing their decision to buy anything. The study helps organisations identify their target demographic and generate more compelling products and service offers.
A customer behaviour analysis entails segmenting customers into buyer personas based on their similar interests and analysing each group at their appropriate stage in the customer journey to see how the different personas interact with the organisation. This research delivers insight into the elements that impact audiences and the motives, priorities, and decision-making procedures clients consider during their trips. The results of a customer behaviour study help organisations gain insight into how customers engage with a business and enable them to modify its products or services or marketing to create greater sales.
Leveraging AI for customer behavior analysis
Here are some ways businesses are leveraging AI for customer behaviour analysis:
- Analysing enormous quantities of client data such as buying behaviour, preferences, and spending habits.
- Forecasting up-sells, cross-sells, website abandonment, and providing data to improve customer experience.
- Investigating how customers engage with their companies and delivering insights at every step in the customer experience.
- Using AI-powered sentiment analysis to understand consumer feedback and enhance customer happiness.
- Targeted marketing to develop consumer relationships that survive the test of time.
- Pinpointing customer preferences and giving customised recommendations.
- Identifying disgruntled clients and addressing their complaints in real time.
- Analysing customers' in-store behaviours utilising volumetric tracking and AI spatial analysis.
Segmentation in Market Basket Analysis and Customer Behavior Analysis
Segmentation is a marketing approach that involves breaking a bigger market into smaller groups of consumers with comparable demands or characteristics. This helps firms focus their marketing efforts on certain groups, leading to greater sales and consumer satisfaction. Market segmentation can be done in numerous methods, including demographic, geographic, psychographic, and firmographic segmentation.
MBA and CBA are graduate-level business degrees covering various business disciplines, including marketing. Therefore, it is likely that both MBA and CBA schools teach the issue of segmentation in their marketing curricula. However, the specific strategy for teaching segmentation may differ based on the program and the instructor.
Implementing Market Basket Analysis and Customer Behavior Analysis in Your Business
To implement MBA and CBA in your business, one can follow these steps:
1. Establish clear objectives and goals:
Define the specific objectives and goals of the proposal.
Determine success criteria to measure project effectiveness.
Create a structured framework for assessing costs and benefits aligned with project objectives.
2. Form a competent team and acquire resources:
Assemble a team of skilled professionals with relevant expertise.
Ensure access to crucial resources, such as financial data and market research.
Assign clear roles and responsibilities within the team to streamline project execution.
3. Conduct a thorough Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA):
Undertake a rigorous cost-benefit analysis (CBA) to evaluate project viability.
Include the following factors in your CBA:
Cost Assessment: Identify all pertinent project expenses, encompassing initial investments, ongoing operational costs, and maintenance expenditures.
Benefit Analysis: Evaluate expected benefits, encompassing tangible gains (e.g., increased revenue, cost reductions) and intangible advantages (e.g., enhanced reputation, employee morale).
Timeframe Definition: Establish a timeframe for evaluating costs and benefits, accounting for long-term implications.
Discount Rate Application: Apply an appropriate discount rate to consider the time value of money in your analysis.
Risk Evaluation: Assess potential project risks and uncertainties impacting costs and benefits.
Sensitivity Analysis: Examine how variations in key parameters (e.g., market growth rate, inflation rate) affect project outcomes.
4. Informed decision-making and ongoing review:
Utilise CBA results to make informed decisions regarding project feasibility.
Regularly review project progress against established objectives and goals.
Adapt the project plan to maintain alignment with objectives and achieve successful outcomes.
This structured framework enables systematic project evaluation and planning, ensuring comprehensive consideration of all relevant factors. It facilitates data-driven decision-making and provides a roadmap for managing costs and benefits throughout the project lifecycle.
AI is transforming the way firms approach customer segmentation and behaviour analysis. It gives powerful tools to identify and target the correct clients, which is considerably more challenging to achieve manually or with standard analytical methods. AI-powered consumer segmentation is a fundamental notion in marketing that allows organisations to reach their target demographic effectively. AI may reduce marketing expenditures by 30%, optimise marketing spend, and boost efficiency in marketing activities, saving firms time and money. AI also offers scale and efficiency to client segmentation, automating the process and allowing adaptive targeting.
Imarticus Learning offers an Executive Programme in AI for Business in collaboration with IIM Lucknow. The AI ML training programme is designed for professionals in Artificial Intelligence who desire to become AI and Machine Learning leaders. The AI for executives course delivers competence in vital disciplines connected to Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence through practical learning.
The AI learning course is a 6-month live online and campus immersion course that seeks to empower graduates with at least five years of work experience in the relevant sector with the necessary knowledge and skill sets in AI and Machine Learning.
|
<urn:uuid:4cb65c8a-e186-437c-aa6e-14a63e00f0d1>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://imarticus.org/blog/analysis-and-segmentation-with-ai-market-basket-analysis-and-customer-behaviour-analysis/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.909467 | 1,463 | 2.953125 | 3 |
Series Category: Seasonal - Mang Zhong
Taking its place just before the summer solstice is Mangzhong (芒种), the ninth of the 24 solar terms in the Chinese lunar calendar. The arrival of this auspicious solar term marks a crucial time of year to sow seeds of prosperity in preparation for future successes.
Mangzhong 2021 – Home Collection (Summer Crystal Collection)
In today’s context, we can sow the metaphorical seeds of prosperity during Mangzhong. A season of hope, Mangzhong symbolises the dawn of immense growth.
Mangzhong 2021 – Personal Collection
The most Yang (阳) season in the eternal Yin-Yang (阴阳) cycle, summer is associated with passion, growth and brightness. The season harnesses an intense energy which fuels breakthroughs.
Master David’s Recommendations – Mangzhong
In ancient China, the solar term of Mangzhong saw farmers tirelessly working their lands in hopeful optimism for the blessed harvests due to arrive later in the year.
|
<urn:uuid:b4e41b92-1846-4f03-9a5e-d38a34cec730>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://imperialharvest.com/blog/series_video_cat/mangzhong/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.869911 | 225 | 2.515625 | 3 |
1.42 Billion People Suffers Extremely High Water Vulnerability Globally — UNICEF
The United Nations Children’s Fund, UNICEF says no fewer than 26.5 million Nigerian Children do not have enough water to meet their daily needs and are experiencing high or extremely high water vulnerability.
UNICEF in a statement to commemorate the 2021 World Water Day, said globally, more than 1.42 billion people – including 450 million children – are living in areas of high or extremely high water vulnerability.
According to a new analysis released by UNICEF, one in five children worldwide lack water to meet their everyday needs.
The analysis, which is part of the Water Security For All Initiative, identifies areas where physical water scarcity risks overlap with poor water service levels.
The statement quotes Mr Peter Hawkins, UNICEF Representative in Nigeria, as saying that communities living in these areas depend on surface water, unimproved sources of water, or water that can take more than 30 minutes to collect.
“The world’s water crisis is not coming – it is here, and children are its biggest victims.
“When wells dry up, children are the ones missing school to fetch water.
“When droughts diminish food supplies, children suffer from malnutrition and stunting.
“When floods hit, children fall ill from waterborne illnesses.
“And when water is not available in Nigerian communities, children cannot wash their hands to fight off diseases”.
The UNICEF data show that children in more than 80 countries live in areas with high or extremely high water vulnerability with Eastern and Southern Africa with the highest proportion.
It is followed by West and Central Africa (31 per cent), South Asia (25 per cent), and the Middle East (23 per cent).
Hawkins noted that in 2020, the Nigerian Government and UNICEF released a WASH NORM survey which showed some progress, through the Federal Ministry of Water Resources and its partners to strengthen the sector’s planning and monitoring.
He noted that much more work needed to be done in the country to ensure that all Nigerians have access to adequate and quality water and hygiene services.
“Sustainable and equitable access to safe drinking water remains a challenge in Nigeria, with over 86 per cent of Nigerians lacking access to a safely managed drinking water source.
“The problem is compounded by poor drinking water quality and lack of equity in access.
“Although about 70 per cent of Nigerians are reported to have access to basic water services, more than half of these water sources are contaminated”.
“And although 73 per cent of the country’s population have access to a water source, only nine litres of water on average is available to a Nigerian daily.
“At the current rate, the country will miss the SDG targets on people’s access to water, unless there is a strong commitment and appropriate action taken by all stakeholders.
“We have to act now both to address the water crisis in Nigeria to prevent it from getting worse and if we want to meet the SDGs.
“We can only achieve water security for every Nigerian, including the Nigerian child through innovation, investment and collaboration, and by ensuring services are sustainable and well-managed.
“We must act for the sake of our children and our planet.”
The News Agency of Nigeria reports that March 22 annually is commemorated as World Water Day, to raise awareness on the global water crisis. (NAN)
|
<urn:uuid:6ff46268-590f-4ddb-b600-3abe6f6b07d4>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://incnews247.com/1-42-billion-water-vulnerability/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.946305 | 731 | 2.875 | 3 |
In 1966 Brazilian architect Paulo Mendes da Rocha, a pioneer of postwar avant-garde architecture, built a figurative middle finger in Sao Paulo’s villa district. His creation: two identical geometric houses made of exposed concrete, showing complete disregard for the stylistic norms of his more establishment neighbors.
Just a few miles away, three years later, the University of São Paulo opened its Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning. The building’s monumental concrete façade featured deliberately rough impressions created by unskilled workers, and was lauded as a brilliant expression of communist ideals.
Today, alas, there is more talk about tearing down buildings in this style than building new ones. But this also reflects a change in the idea of what architecture is for. Far from today’s neoliberal orthodoxy, many Brutalist buildings expressed a progressive or even utopian vision of communal living and public ownership. Today, the battle to protect them is also a fight to defend this social inheritance.
Not So Brutal
The term “Brutalism” originated in Britain, but also drew on the work of the French architect Le Corbusier. It was popularized in the 1950s by British architects Allison and Peter Smithson, together with the architecture critic Reyner Banham. The name refers not to the adjective brutal, but the French brut, meaning raw.
Initially, “Brutalism” referred to architecture that openly exposed its structural and material elements. Buildings were made of brick, steel, or concrete: there was no plaster and no decoration whatsoever. Nothing should conceal what materials were used, how everything held together, and what purpose everything served. These principles made up the ideal of a radical honesty for postwar society.
The root of the term was borrowed from art (Art brut) and from Le Corbusier’s term béton brut (bare concrete). The origin story tells us that during the construction of his Unité d’Habitation social housing complex in Marseilles (1947–52), Le Corbusier was faced with so many overburdened construction companies that out of necessity he decided to leave the huge concrete pillars roughly exposed in bare concrete. He called this method béton brut, and it would be a decisive breakthrough for the formal language of architecture into the 1960s and 1970s. From Corbusier, Banham, and the Smithsons, there thus emerged the building blocks of a Brutalist theory and aesthetics.
At the same time, a new generation of architects were trying to break away from the functionalist aesthetics of their modernist predecessors. The boom-era surge in businesses’ spending power, the low cost of labor, and the Space Age’s heady belief in progress led to a desire for increasingly unique, sculptural forms, and ever-larger megastructures.
For instance, the telecommunications center in Skopje, Macedonia, looks like an archaic vision of a space station; it openly puts on display its service core, staircases, and concrete support structures. The building’s materials and inner workings were not only exposed, but exaggerated and celebrated.
After years in which they had been stylistically subordinate to scientific objectivity and functionalism, architects suddenly reappeared as artists — albeit with a continued enthusiasm for new technologies. For example, the Bank of London and South America used state-of-the-art air-conditioning technology and a sophisticated system of floors suspended from the ceiling. The colossal pillars from which the upper floors hang respond to the oppressive monumentality of the neighboring banks’ massive Classicistic facades.
At the same time, the public sector faced a mountain of challenges. Rural exodus and the baby boom meant that cities were growing at a rapid rate. Millions in Europe were being drawn from simple dwellings into the modern world of the electric stove and central heating, all provided by the welfare state.
While war-damaged inner-cities were still being rebuilt (sometimes also in a Brutalist style), vast new neighborhoods were being built in the periphery. With newly discovered (or rediscovered) enthusiasm for mega-projects, plans developed for social housing projects which would sometimes even house the population of an entire suburb in a single complex.
Given its rapid spread, Brutalism can hardly be reduced to a single guiding purpose or political attitude. Seen in cultural centers from Austria to Japan, universities from Sydney to St Petersburg, post offices from Canada to Papua New Guinea, libraries, private villas, micro-houses, mega-complexes, churches, mosques, hospitals, hotels, town halls, kindergartens, and prisons — within fifteen years Brutalism had conquered the world.
Architects were optimistic not only in their designs, but also in their expectation that the buildings would be adequately maintained. Yet the postwar economic boom and expansion of the welfare state was soon followed by the neoliberal period, and with it the obsession with “cost-optimization”: saving money. Many buildings were abandoned to their fate immediately after completion.
Decay began quickly, as did changes in taste: at the time of its opening, Paul Rudolph’s Art and Architecture Building for Yale University had adorned the front pages of major architecture magazines. But even just a decade later, most of the original interior was remodeled beyond recognition.
In the 1970s, amidst the oil crisis, the Vietnam War, and continued environmental destruction, the concrete giants became a stand-in for the idea of the establishment that had to be fought against. These buildings’ massive scale came to symbolize megalomaniacal architects and public-sector clients who had spent the glory years spending lavishly, building concrete mountains as monuments to their faith in limitless growth. When James Bond author Ian Fleming was looking for a moniker for a new villain, the name of Trellick Tower architect Ernő Goldfinger seemed a fitting choice.
The massive expansion in social housing in the United Kingdom led to headlines about rampant crime in brutalist estates. Under Thatcherite austerity, the buildings, like their inhabitants, were more or less abandoned to their fate. The unappreciated Brutalist structures were systematically neglected until at a certain point they became nothing but eye-sores. Their abandonment became a self-fulfilling prophecy, to the point where they awaited only demolition.
Of course, with so many different architects (only a few of whom would self-describe their work as Brutalist), climates, cultures, premises, and projects all associated with this one term, it was not just the price of maintenance that drew criticism of Brutalism. There were also failures that were rightly criticized: overly sophisticated floor plans that tested one’s sense of direction; absurdly segmented flat roof systems susceptible to leakage; inadequate steel reinforcement that caused difficult-to-repair damage to the concrete; monumental sizes that that disregarded their context, and the ubiquitous gray of exposed concrete, which suited professional architectural photographs much better than England’s perpetual rainy weather.
But we might also risk throwing all of these big, gray, 1970s babies out with the bathwater. Sometimes truly brilliant examples of perhaps the most forward-thinking architectural style of the twentieth century are being irretrievably lost.
What to Keep, and What Can Be Done?
Fifty years have passed since Brutalism’s heyday, and the Oedipal reflex is slowly fading. The architecture of our parents’ age is slowly becoming the architecture of a generation of grandparents. But with distance comes the possibility of a new, less biased view. In many places, historical preservation has also begun to concern buildings dating to the 1970s. This work is being encouraged and supported by an ever-increasing number of initiatives.
Increased interest among young architects, numerous books on concrete architecture today appearing in surprisingly high print runs, and the stunning social-media popularity of photos of these buildings all indicate that a rehabilitation of Brutalism’s image may well be underway. At the very least, exposed concrete has made a comeback. From the neo-Brutalist avant-garde villa to the concrete vase at the flea market, a remarkable revival is underway, sometimes in odd and new ways.
But sales of concrete cuckoo clocks are a far cry from saving the buildings themselves. Of course, in times of ever-more-stringent energy efficiency regulations, bare, uninsulated concrete walls are difficult to refurbish without hiding them behind insulation and plaster. But unless due consideration is taken, renovations for the sake of energy efficiency run the risk of burying the most fundamental idea of Brutalism: material honesty.
But an alternative is possible, as shown by the extensive restoration and modernization of the town hall in Bensberg, Germany. The problem of the original building’s poorly insulated windows and new energy regulations stretched the restoration team to the limit. But thanks to their careful work and the use new methods, Gottfried Böhm’s “castle” manages to both shine in its old splendor and, with a bit of flexibility, fulfill most of the energy requirements.
Brutalism doesn’t have to become the new favorite style of our time. Just a basic increased awareness of the existence of these structures can contribute to their preservation. If you walk past a building for years and never take notice of it, you are not likely to feel its absence. A quite different reaction would come from someone who had consciously taken a look at the building.
In the heyday of Brutalism, the architecture of previous generations was widely demolished without much thought. In many German cities, the turn of the century architecture was stripped of its decor or outright demolished at a shocking rate. This inevitably raises the question of whether in fifty years’ time our children and grandchildren will shake their heads and wonder how we could possibly have made the decisions being made right now.
Meanwhile, in the context of the renewed appreciation for this style, Goldfinger’s Trellick Tower is undergoing gentrification (after a few repairs). For a new generation, the idea of living in the now iconic skyscraper with its (still) affordable fifteenth-floor view of London is undeniably cool. Older social conflicts are being eclipsed by newer ones: the privatization of housing units is making it increasingly difficult to do restoration work throughout the entire building. Working-class families continue to find themselves being displaced by the new neighbors, and are taking up the political fight against the sale of publicly owned social housing.
Today, Brutalism is as political as ever. Whether these buildings can be saved from destruction, and the question of who can and should live in them, will not be decided by architects. Rather, it will be a question for society itself, through political action.
|
<urn:uuid:fe0a06ce-fc8b-48f4-babb-1a69d2411782>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://jacobin.com/2018/10/brutalism-architecture-public-housing-urban-planning
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.964365 | 2,223 | 3.40625 | 3 |
Re-eh, Deuteronomy 11:26-16:17
When I was young, you were supposed to eat what was put in front of you. Now, everyone has special food requirements for reasons of health, politics, religion or an over-refined palate. Is this a step forward for civilization or a step back?
If people are violently allergic to eggs or peanuts, they have a right to know what they’re being served. For the rest of us, it comes down to a philosophical question of what’s more important: the bonding experience of sharing a meal or the personal integrity of eating by your principles.
It’s a tough decision.
This week’s Torah portion, from Deuteronomy, provides an overview of the dietary laws. The text conflates the matza and meat/dairy rules from Exodus with the forbidden species list from Leviticus into a comprehensive program. But, you may have wondered, what’s spiritual about not eating pork? Many people, even many Jews, are baffled by Judaism, and the dietary code is usually exhibit A in their case against tradition. Why would God care what we eat?
For an answer, look what else is in this Torah portion:
• “Every third year you shall bring out the full tithe … the stranger, the orphan, and the widow in your settlements shall come and eat their fill.” (Deuteronomy 14:28-29)
• “Open your hand to your poor and needy neighbor in your land.” (Deuteronomy 15:11)
• “When you release servants, do not let them go empty-handed. Furnish them out of the flock, threshing floor and vat.” (Deuteronomy 15:13-14)
It is no accident that the parsha summing up the dietary laws is precisely the one that emphasizes feeding the poor.
The “bread of poverty,” a familiar phrase from the Passover seder, also comes from this week’s reading. (Deuteronomy 16:3) The expression implies that the purpose of unleavened bread is to develop our compassion for the needy. The haggada spells it out: we hold up the matza and declare, “Let all the hungry come and eat.”
It’s the same on Yom Kippur. While fasting, we read the haftara where the people complain, “Why have we fasted and you have not seen?” (Isaiah 58:3) And God responds that fasting is futile unless you “share your bread with the hungry.” (Isaiah 58:7) The Yom Kippur fast is about compassion for the needy.
If there’s a unifying idea for the Jewish dietary rules, this is it. No other theme could possibly tie together such an unlikely grab bag of slaughtering, cooking, and eating constraints. In biblical times, pork and other forbidden items were probably expensive delicacies for the rich to feast on while the poor went hungry. In our era, there might be different foods that suggest callousness to the down-and-out.
But let’s keep it simple. Meat is almost inevitably more expensive — in financial, environmental and social terms — than vegetables. Adam and Eve were vegetarians. (Genesis 1:29) Daniel and his Hebrew companions at the Babylonian court were vegetarians. (Daniel 1:8-16) And many famous modern Jews have been vegetarians, from Franz Kafka to Isaac Bashevis Singer.
Vegetarian is not the same as kosher, but 90 percent of kosher consists of taboos on animal flesh. A person who ate no animal flesh, or only fish, would automatically avoid the more egregious violations of the dietary law. Throw in some support for your local soup kitchen or food pantry, and you’ve got a credible plan for sanctifying your meals.
So there’s my compromise. I hate to burden my host or my waiter, but vegetarian isn’t complicated. At a cousin’s recent birthday barbecue, I bravely endured vegetarian kielbasa: not bad, with enough mustard. And I’m signed up to drive Meals on Wheels a couple of times before the High Holy Days. This may not work for everyone, but no Jew can avoid reflecting on our food choices. For better or for worse, we have a food-oriented religion. What you make of that is up to you.
(This column is a service of the Greater Pittsburgh Rabbinic Association.)
|
<urn:uuid:c0841c5d-7a49-4515-99a9-10fe4c4eed9f>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://jewishchronidev.timesofisrael.com/why-would-god-care-what-we-eat/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.947001 | 965 | 2.53125 | 3 |
This week, we talked about the pedagogy of DH. Caroline Bruzelius and Hannah Jacobs in their article, “The Living Syllabus: Rethinking the Introductory Course to Art History with Interactive Visualization.” describe a shift in the approach to art education, that move away from viewing artworks in isolation as aesthetic events within a larger linear historical evolution. Instead, students can better engage with the materiality of art objects, tracing their life from creation to collection through the use of maps. This project really spoke to me since the project I’ve worked on for this class has been thinking through some of the same ideas and issues. Seeing a deeper understanding of the role of artworks in large networks and systems of trade, travel, and commodification was really promising to me and I would have loved to take this class.
Allowing students to create maps based on their individual interests, like the origin of materials used in ancient Egyptian boats, the professors can stimulate higher levels of research and engagement in students. Students can use different methods of primary materials and propose their interpretations, fostering critical thinking.
Moreover, the incorporation of visualization and data collection technologies, such as Omeka and Neatline tools, not only benefits students in art history but also equips them with skills applicable to other courses and projects. For example, a student applied these tools to model pollution rates in a different class. The passage emphasizes the importance of integrating digital tools into education, highlighting their role in enhancing twenty-first-century literacy.
The passage concludes by noting the irony that technologies are well-suited to the study of material culture. Despite this irony, technology’s capacity to record, capture, and organize data enables a new level of engagement with art and material culture, fostering a deeper understanding of objects, places, and buildings.
Solmaz Kive in “Digital Methods for Inquiry into the Eurocentric Structure of Architectural History Surveys,” discusses how eurocentric bias shows up in architectural surveys and highlights the advantages of using data analysis and visualization techniques to expose such biases. She focuses on two contemporary surveys, “Architecture and Interior Design” and “World Architecture,” to show how these digital methods can reveal patterns and disparities in coverage.
The Eurocentric bias is identified in several areas, including the relative coverage of different regions, the structure of the survey, and the emphasis on certain building types associated with Western values. She emphasizes that the bias often manifests in an overemphasis on religious structures in “other” traditions, reinforcing the narrative of premodernity.
The analysis uses digital visualizations to map the geographical distribution of buildings discussed in these surveys. For “Architecture and Interior Design,” the map reveals a heavy concentration of examples in Europe and the United States, with sparse coverage in other parts of the world. The disparity is visually evident, exposing areas deemed unworthy of mention. In the case of “World Architecture,” the map shows a more geographically diverse content but still highlights the concentration on certain regions, such as Asia, while specific regions of South America and Africa receive selective attention. The map helps depict the relative scale and coverage of different areas, addressing the mismatch between geographical size and attention in the survey. She concludes by emphasizing the versatility of data analysis and visualization methods because it can expose biases and highlight their adaptability to different types of surveys.
I think that as technology in the public sphere progresses and people get more used to technology, art history and the humanities will have no choice but to adapt and include digital methods. Even things that haven’t been traditionally considered to be “academic” can be used for teaching. Using Pinterest in class was a great exercise and categorizing things visually as an obvious and easily palpable way to visualize something that professors try to describe. This group activity was a really cool way to introduce discussions and start conversations.
This week, we talked about public engagement. The term “virtual museum” has been a controversial phrase for many people, but especially in Germany since the 1990s, who challenged the established definition proposed by the International Council of Museums (ICOM). ICOM says that a museum is a physical space where objects are selected, preserved, interpreted, and exhibited. Critics of the idea of the “virtual museum” say that “virtual” and “museum” are oxymorons, and the importance of physical museum space and engagement with real objects, asserting that the virtual cannot act as a substitute for the real encounter with authentic artifacts.
A methodological approach considers representations of museum collections in virtual space and “e-tangibles” as additional forms of communication that neither replace nor compete with physical museums but address different needs. Digital entities summarizing digital reproductions of museum objects appear as online databases, web portals, and digital exhibitions. Museums systematically digitize their collections, providing open access to object data and digital images through websites, portals like Europeana and Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek, and utilizing semantic web technologies and digital standards like LIDO and CIDOC-CRM.
Digital museum features, including augmented and virtual reality, enhance conventional museum space. Augmented reality offers insights into hidden details, brings specimens to life, and provides untold stories behind collections. Virtual museum space integrates tools to augment museal reality, complementing and enhancing conventional museums through interactivity and user experience.
The goal of a virtual museum is to consider object biographies, link data to the uniqueness of objects, and present a multi-layered view while imparting narratives that emotionally engage visitors in both virtual and conventional museum spaces. Achieving this requires the integration of digital and immersive tools and methods to represent conventional museum space in the virtual world, creating an extended museum experience that encourages the joy of discovery. From a scholarly perspective, having links to biographies and supplementary materials is a dream, and I can only imagine how this would enhance the in-person museum experience.
However, implementing a virtual museum is challenging, and the digital museum documentation standards mentioned above, such as WissKI, can help in data harvesting, but modeling and mapping data remain complex and time-consuming tasks. Bridging the gap between theory and practice involves exploring the virtual museum as an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary field of investigation.
Crowdsourcing provides museums with a unique methodology to establish new relationships with their audiences, transforming the conventional museum-user dynamic by involving the public as curators, experts, and researchers. This approach not only enriches the user’s experience but also enhances the museum’s data and access points. By incorporating the public’s vocabulary and style of description, crowdsourcing expands the museum’s voice, making collections more accessible to a wider audience and fostering mission-driven experiences that encourage engagement with the institution.
In the online landscape today, where the public encounters misinformation, biases in search results, and often invisible artificial intelligence, maintaining a status quo that hinders the mission of museums is counterproductive. Projects like crowdsourcing, seen as an extension of museums’ mission-driven work, offer an opportunity to challenge existing power structures and consciously shape the course of the institution. Acknowledging participation as integral to the institution’s mission allows for the allocation of staff, time, and resources to address contemporary issues affecting the public.
In “Crowdsourcing Metadata in Museums: Expanding Descriptions, Access, Transparency, and Experience”, Jessica Brodefrank discusses how projects like “Tag Along with Adler” contribute not only to understanding research topics but also serve as real-time case studies evolving through actual work at institutions like the Adler Planetarium. As the public’s online habits evolve, cataloging should shift their focus on both the “about” of collections. She advocates for more institutions to engage in crowdsourcing and metadata-generating projects that leverage the enthusiasm and insight of their audiences. These projects provide meaningful opportunities for the public to experience collections and make them more discoverable. Crowdsourcing emerges as an effective strategy to enhance transparency, accessibility, and representation within museum collections, playing a crucial role in museums’ online presence.
I’m really excited about the GLAMWiki project. I suggested to Veronica to incorporate the Feminist Wiki Edit-a-Thon as an ASGO event, since I think lots of art historians would be super interested in this. I’ve found lots of wikipedia pages, particularly of women, that are really insufficient and inadequate.
This week, we talked about 3D modeling and visualization. Amy Jeffs discusses in her article “Digital 3D Modeling for the History of Art” the benefits and uses of 3D modeling as a tool for art historians. She focuses on three projects: the Digital Pilgrim Project, which used 3D modeling for medieval pilgrim souvenirs; Sofia Gans’ study of a medieval brass assemblage; and Robert Hawkins’ application to medieval stone bosses. I thought it was interesting that all three of her examples are Medieval art but when I think about who is the most comfortable with 3D projects (other than architectural historians which make 3D Modeling seem old hat), it does seem like classical and medieval scholars are doing more work proportionally to other areas.
She doesn’t discuss reconstructing buildings, 3D modeling as an independent art form, or 3D printing. The potential of virtual 3D reproduction in generating new research questions and altering perspectives is highlighted. She also provides a basic understanding of 3D modeling, emphasizing photogrammetric methods and the creation of models from photographs. The process involves taking multiple photos of an object, generating a low-density point-cloud through software, converting it into a high-density point-cloud (lines connecting the dots to make a skeleton), and creating a mesh overlaid with texture and color from the photographs (like skin).
One of my favorite examples was the Digital Pilgrim Project that created 3D models of twelve medieval badges from the British Museum’s collection to shed light on the visual language of medieval Northwestern Europe. These badges, everyday objects with various emblems, including those of noble families or bawdy depictions, were designed to be worn and later sewn into manuscripts. Despite their significance, many were discarded and have degraded over time. The 3D models allow virtual handling and a level of scrutiny that isn’t possible with the original as a way to simulate the original owners’ experiences handling these objects. From a museum perspective, 3D modeling can be useful for creating intellectually rich archival records that can facilitate a variety of study and teaching methods. The models have been used in museum outreach, dissertations, seminars, lectures, online articles, and social media, garnering thousands of views. This project really how high-quality 3D models enhance the study and appreciation of objects that are challenging to display in galleries or are relatively unknown. Accessible reproduction of these artifacts through 3D modeling serves as a crucial first step in bringing them to the attention of scholars.
Jeffs concludes that 3D modeling as a stand in for works of art significantly enhances the field of art history for both teaching and research. The accessibility of building, viewing, and downloading 3D models with basic equipment provides art historians with the opportunity to integrate this technology into their everyday academic activities. Exemplified by the Digital Pilgrim and Hawkins projects, 3D modeling can totally transform access to artworks that resist effective display or conventional photography. The selected subjects, medieval badges and sculpted bosses, benefit from viewers’ freedom to choose multiple viewing angles, simulating a fluid pre-photographic viewing experience.
Sarah Kenderdine, in her article, “Embodiment, Entanglement, and Immersion in Digital Cultural Heritage”, discusses the application and use of Interactive Immersive Virtual Environments (IIVE) in the context of digital archives. There has been a big shift in recent years in user interaction with databases, archives, and search engines from basic access to a more creative production, driven by the growth in participant culture through Web 2.0.
Several projects use alternative methods for exploring data in more immersive environments. The Living Web (2002) by Sommerer and Mignonneau, CloudBrowsing (2008–2009) by Lintermann et al., ECLOUD WW1 (2012) by Kenderdine and Shaw, and mARChive (2014) by Kenderdine all demonstrate innovative approaches to interactive and immersive data exploration.
These projects use diverse strategies, such as physically immersing users into live-streamed Internet data, creating spatial narratives in a panoramic screen, and using 3D projection environments to explore large-scale datasets. The focus is on providing users with an experiential and dynamic way to engage with digital archives, fostering creativity, exploration, and new meanings. Kenderdine also highlights the potential of IIVE in changing information retrieval into a more spatial experience, which encourages visual searching, and enhances the display and interpretation of metadata in cultural contexts. I like that Kenderdine is considering multiple facets of a space in her discussion of 3D spaces, like the environment and cultural influences that having digital access (rather than physically going) can help in the dispersion of knowledge. I would assume more archeologists aren’t claustrophobic (perhaps I’m projecting memories of Indiana Jones…) but having digital models of spaces that are physically uncomfortable to be in seems like a major benefit to many people, no jumping out of the way of a giant boulder required.
In my 3D project, I wanted to get a scan of an old camera I have. It was such a fun memory finding it for $6 at a thrift store, but it mostly sits in its box as I figure out where to get film, how to shoot it, if it even works… Having a digital model was a way for me to get it out of its box more! Even if I never opened the box again, a version of it exists on my computer and for someone with a penchant for hoarding sentimental items, I feel more at peace in case my house burns down and I didn’t grab it. I was surprised how easy the process was, and it gave me a lot of confidence for larger institutions that have more money and people to digitize their collections. The back of the camera didn’t take with the modeling, and I couldn’t get it to be quite as sharp in SketchFab as it was in AgiSoft, but overall, I’m really pleased with how it turned out.
This week, we discussed network analysis. Melanie Conroy, in her article “Networks, Maps, and Time: Visualizing Historical Networks Using Palladio”, discusses how a specific technology called Palladio can be used to create networks. Palladio is a tool designed for historians and related disciplines, facilitating the spatial and temporal visualization of data. It was developed by the Humanities + Design Lab, to fulfill the vision for the study of social networks in the humanities. Palladio is suitable for qualitative studies, providing visualizations like maps and network graphs that are familiar to people like art historians and anthropologists. It allows for the presentation of multifaceted data, such as network data with date ranges or categories.
Unlike other network graph packages, Palladio doesn’t have advanced network analytics features but she argues that it does well at presenting historical case studies because it is considered more of a software solution that makes design decisions for users. Palladio was specifically developed for historians, and considers best practices, design research methods, peer critiques, and usability testing. I think it’s really interesting that technology was developed specifically for the humanities! I don’t typically think of humanities being the focus of tech research. The focus is on ease of use, combining diagram types, and quick prototyping.
The tool’s simplicity allows historians to rapidly prototype diagrams, filter data, and explore subsets in highly legible diagrams that can be used for both print and online use. Palladio’s outputs are also not copyrighted, making them suitable for use in commercial and non-commercial works. Even for me, who has been described as a “boomer” for my technology capabilities, found Palladio shockingly easy to use. Unlike other network analysis programs, Palladio’s diagrams are clear and easy to read.
In Houda Lamgaddam, Inez de Prekel, Koenraad Brosens, and Katrien Verbert article, “Perceptual Effects of Hierarchy in Art Historical Social Networks”, the article discusses the impacts of perceived hierarchies in visualizations of historical social networks. Focusing on how the networks are understood, the study finds that human participants tend to have a hierarchical bias when viewing social networks. The hypothesis was that representing social networks in a way that presents it hierarchically would have advantages or sway the audience. This was confirmed and users reported lower cognitive load, more frequent and deeper insights, and a strong preference for hierarchical representations. Despite understanding the meaningful topology in the graphs, they emphasize the importance of considering perceptual benefits in hierarchically structured layouts, particularly in the humanities fields.
The authors encourage an open and critical discussion on the role of network visualization in Humanities research and suggest that this method of structuring layouts should be more commonly accepted as an alternative to graphs. I think the authors are successful in their goal is to provide scholars with different perspectives on their data as a contribution to the ongoing dialogue about the impact that structure can have in network visualization.
This week, we discussed the challenges and benefits to mapping time. Michael Goodchild in his article, “Combining Space and Time: New Potential for Temporal GIS”, discusses the limitations and challenges associated with traditional paper maps and introduces the evolution of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a solution. Static maps have many issues associated with them, like distortion of places and the inability to represent three-dimensional information accurately. The advent of digital technology, exemplified by the Canada Geographic Information System (CGIS), revolutionized the sharing of geographic information. CGIS laid the foundation for global GIS practices by converting map content into digital form, allowing for more efficient and accurate representation.
Layering different themes in GIS emerged as a key aspect, enabling advanced operations on geographic data. Despite the shift to digital technology, the metaphor and concept of physical maps continues to influence GIS design.
Goodchild also highlights some challenges posed by uncertainty in GIS. He emphasizes that, like analog maps, GIS databases are simply approximations that may not perfectly replicate the real world.
In the 90s, an object-oriented model emerged, which addresses the issues of a model based on relationships. Rather, it organizes things based on defined objects that get sorted into groups. This model was a significant advancement that allowed for a more accurate representation of geographic information. The discrete-object model, representing identifiable and countable objects, became the most popular display mode, allowing the GIS databases to store non-mappable information which better accounts for changes over time and other issues presented by previous models like blurred borders.
Modern GIS databases can handle dynamism and other complexities that are challenging for static paper maps, which show a limited understanding of a very specific moment in time and space. However, Goodchild also addresses a concept that has been a through line of the course: the resistance to adopt new practices despite vast improvements. I really enjoyed his discussion of how GIS specialists are benefitted by incorporating historians, anthropologists, and other fields to strengthen the accuracy of the maps created. Maps are often considered to be supplementary material, but supplementing the supplement can only bolster the strength and fidelity of the maps. Once again, encouraging an interdisciplinary approach seems to be a strategy that benefits everyone!
Goodchild acknowledges the existing challenges of the field, like the limited availability of tools for dynamic data analysis in GIS and the lack of dynamic, three-dimensional data, especially in historical periods. However, the future of GIS, particularly for historians, is extremely promising!
Considering Goodchild’s article, Suzanne Churchill, Linda Kinnahan, and Susan Rosenbaum put many of the digital mapping strategies to use in their DH project about Mina Loy. In their article, “”Mina Loy: Navigating the Avant-Garde”: a case study of collaborative DH design”, they discuss the on-the-ground challenges of creating a DH mapping project. Although at some points, they seem to be making a case for why we shouldn’t do DH projects, like difficulty receiving funding or a global pandemic, the Mina Loy project is a promising example of what DH are capable of.
In my map, I wanted to capture how time and objects interact with each other and why a single view of time and space is not an accurate representation of an object’s story.
This week, our reading focused on building digital collections. Some of the popular platforms for building these collections are Omeka and Scalar. Although they accomplish similar goals, Omeka and Scalar have very different capabilities.
Omeka is primarily designed for creating and managing digital collections, archives, and exhibits. It is often used by cultural heritage institutions, libraries, and museums to showcase and organize digital assets, such as images, documents, and metadata. It also seems more focused on the curation and visual presentation of digital assets, making it well-suited for showcasing historical documents, photographs, and other archival materials. However, it’s pretty static in its delivery. It has a more straightforward and catalog-esque interface that makes it easy to organize and present digital collections. While Omeka has a lot of structured, clear digital collections options, it definitely has some restrictions when it comes to creating very complex narratives or interactive content.
Scalar is very different. It allows users to integrate more media content in a more narrative structure. It would be really great for projects that want to provide a more interactive and visually interesting reading experience. It offers a more flexible and dynamic interface that results in more storytelling as well as a blend of media elements within the text. Although Scalar’s visual capabilities are more visually interesting, I found that Omeka was easier to work with. Certainly if I had more time to dedicate to learning Scalar, I would have chosen to use it for my project. But, for a week-long project, I found the back end of Omeka to be a little more user friendly. Callie helped me quite a bit though (thank you!). I think this is ultimately a fair trade off though. More work on the back end results in a friendlier user interface on the front and vice versa.
Idea.org’s article, “Mapping the world of cultural metadata standards”, talks about the way that Metadata and language are connected. Metadata is necessary for making information useful and searchable. It is the data about other data, like titles, locations, or descriptions of things, and it allows for better organization and searchability. To make sure metadata is universal, rather than specific to a person or institution, a variety of standards have been established to make sure that a common language is used. This practice makes it easier to share, manage, and search through the site’s information.
Jenn Riley created a map of 105 prominent metadata standards that are used in the cultural heritage/humanities fields. These standards help codify the way that data is labeled and structured. A common tongue prevents confusion when different systems are used, basically creating a universal way to categorize and classify information. Search engines can quickly find documents based on keywords, but taxonomies (the specific jargon/organizational language of a specific field) can offer a more nuanced, structured approach, which provides alternative pathways and associated ideas.
In libraries, cultural heritage, and the humanities sectors, clear metadata and taxonomies are crucial. But, the vastness and extensiveness of the metadata standards can be overwhelming. For this reason, Jenn Riley’s map is such a gift for people like myself who are just getting started in this field. Like buying a translation dictionary when you start learning a language, the map is a helpful jumping off point for people that aren’t familiar with industry practices. It sheds light on these standards and how they relate to one another, ultimately helping to make sense of the complex landscape of metadata in the digital age.
Metadata is a crucial part of creating a user-friendly site, but it’s a small part of the overall creation. Paige Morgan’s blogpost, “How To Get A Digital Humanities Project Off the Ground”, details her two DH projects that she finished while she was working on her PhD. (Phew!) I think she does a really fantastic job of laying out the issues she encountered, while not sugarcoating things or making the reader think, “why would I ever do a project like this?”. I understand that it can be difficult to convince academics to include DH as part of their research or in lieu of a book or article. In the world of “Publish or Perish”, I think that Morgan makes a compelling argument for why upcoming academics can view DH as an alternative way to present your research. Her article isn’t instructional, but I can imagine that anyone starting on a DH project would read it and get good information and some encouragement. It seems like this is a cool trend in the DH space. Lots of articles and projects we’ve looked at have included a little (or a large) retrospective piece about the troubles they encountered and how they solved them. It seems like despite the competitive nature of DH (based on the short lifespans of digital projects because technology moves so fast), many people are committed to including elements of transparency in their projects.
This week, we talked about data. Matthew Battles and Michael Maizels give a review of how art history has grown and changed as a discipline in their article, “Collections and/of Data: Art History and the Art Museum in the DH Mode”. Although photography has been understood as something art historians study, the establishment of art history as an empirical field was deeply influenced by the development of photography. Before photography, attempts to compare the development of art were difficult without having both works in front of you. Early (and infamous) art historians like Johann Winckelmann and Gotthold Lessing in the 18th century attempted to analyze art stylistically and historically, but they didn’t have the ability to compare and juxtapose different artworks.
Photography changed this landscape by allowing scholars to directly compare and contrast artworks. The lantern-slide lecture, a photographic performance, played a pivotal role in art history’s evolution. Battles and Maizels call the lantern-slide lecture a “ritualized performance”, a statement I couldn’t agree more with. Figures like Aby Warburg, Heinrich Wolfflin, and Jacob Burkhardt used these lectures to demonstrate stylistic attributes and art’s evolution. This approach was foundational to various art historical movements that aimed to explain the development of the arts. The slide lecture is still very prevalent in art history education and is the foundation of how art history is taught across the country.
This seems like a bizarre pedagogical method of the past, a pre-WWII way of studying art. However, my advisors and professors (even ones in their forties) remember a time when gathering physical slides for a professor or having a book that contains all the art for the class as a study guide was a part of their educational training. Professors adopting powerpoints with images is a technological revolution that happened in my lifetime. I watched the switch from VCR tapes to DVDs to Netflix, books to kindles, radios to iPods to Spotify, and despite all of this, the thought of a professor bringing a flash drive instead of physical slides for the first time makes me feel sort of… proud? Nostalgic? An awareness of standing on the shoulders of giants in the field I love? I’m not really sure, but this reading really made me think about the field that in many ways seems so static and uninterrupted has actually had its own growth spurts.
However, the slide format has limitations, such as cost and fragility. Comprehensive image collections, which existed as surrogates in various forms, became instrumental in early 20th-century art history research. Walter Benjamin in particular emphasizes photography’s role in freeing art from context and ceremony, which led to its widespread use as a surrogate for viewing the actual thing.
The development of art history runs parallel to the appearance of the art museum, which originally were closer to an expression of nationhood/patriotism and a desire for orderly knowledge, rather than the impartial institutions that are dedicated to accessible knowledge (regardless of whether or not they actually fulfill that goal is a discussion for a different post. #MuseumsAreNotNeutral). Photographic archives, like encyclopedic museums, would ultimately become essential in art history because they provide a nucleus for surveying geographically and temporally dispersed artifacts. I’m sure that Warburg, Wofflin, and others wouldn’t even recognize what art history has become. The other day, I read Erin Benay’s book Italy by Way of India where she talks about how trade routes between Italy and India greatly affected the art produced. This kind of study, and many others, would be completely inconceivable without comparative studies (and the internet. That helps too. Clearly!).
Andre Malraux expands on this concept, suggesting that photographic archives could fulfill the museum’s mission by turning it inside out. The museum not only preserves artistic heritage but also enhances the concept of “art” itself. By putting ulterior motives, personal interests and original context from artworks on the back burner, these objects can be better situated within a more (not totally) neutral lens. Thus, a more “global” art history is born.
Ted Underwood’s blog post, “Where to Start with Text Mining”, shows the possibilities of using visualization tools for research. I love these visualizations and I think it would make pulling thematic concepts out of readings really easy. In his example, I can imagine that seeing words like “solitary”, “tranquility”, or “meadow” be popular in his corpus would send me down an interesting research path. Are other similar authors using these words and themes? Is the author looking at pastoral themes?
He argues that text mining in literature analysis serves two goals. First, it will uncover patterns and themes that could be used as evidence to compliment, complicate, or support literary-historical arguments. The examples he chooses really demonstrate the success of visualization in this regard. Second, text mining can be an exploratory technique. It can reveal clues or trends that might need further elaboration/study using more traditional methods. In many cases though, the lines between the two objectives are blurred. Finding patterns and holes in your text is a researcher’s dream, and text mining can be an important tool to do this.
This week, we continued our discussion about data visualization. Nathan Yau in his article, “Representing Data”, provides a comprehensive text about the variety of ways to display data, as well as their strengths and weaknesses. Data visualization involves a variety of steps and choices. Yau’s analogy related cooking to data visualization. Like how a chef picks ingredients, prepares them, and combines them to create a meal, data visualizers make specific and intentional decisions about how to encode data, choose the best graph, and pick appropriate colors and fonts. Software can play a big part in many of these decisions, but there are still many ways that the information can be tailored to make personalized choices that best represent the data. Understanding the many, many aspects of visualization and how they can be combined and changed allows you to use the software in the most effective way, rather than letting it take the reins on the process.
Like cooking, visualization, depends on the skillset of the creator. Knowledge is power in this situation. Those who are knowledgeable about the process and ingredients and invest time and energy into learning will produce better results. Alternatively, Yau mentions that someone who relies too heavily on the computer to figure it out might end up with a less coherent or successful outcome.
Data visualization incorporates four main components: the data itself, visual cues, scale, and context. Data is the foundation of the project, but the other aspects relate to how the data is interpreted and understood. A visual cue is the way that data is mapped out making sure that the core of the data is not lost during the translation from the numbers to the visuals. The choice of visual cues relates to the purpose of the visualization and how the reader will perceive shapes, sizes, and shades.
It’s easy to lead people astray with data, and Yau suggests many ways that mapping data can lead people astray and provides examples of how to show your data in a clear way. For example I really liked his section on color-blindness and how many graphs are less accessible or difficult to read for people who struggle to differentiate between colors. Yau’s article would be really helpful for anyone who hasn’t had a lot of experience with graphs, which frankly, is most art historians. It’s not quite a recipe but Yau’s article clearly spells out the ingredients that you can use to create a successful dish.
The Software Studies Initiative was an interesting read, and the way that they highlighted different Data Visualization projects was cool to see all the ways that this is being used. I’m not sure I fully understand the academic potential of these, but I’m sure someone is using ImagePlot for something! The tools seem more geared for the museum sphere, and I can see curators and archivists using these as another way to show art or see connections. Having a program that could organize saturation or hue by year would be an interesting way to look at artists’ phases. Like Picasso has a blue period, it would be really easy for scholars to see similar trends or inclinations in an artist’s corpus. Without this technology, you would have to create your own graph, but a computer could do this with greater efficiency without the flaws of human eyes. Maybe there was a short green phase before the blue phase that scholars haven’t recognized because they’ve been seen as being “blue enough” by human eyes.
When I was creating my WordCloud, I used Chip Colwell’s article, “Curating Secrets: Repatriation, Knowledge Flows, and Museum Power Structures”. I thought about many of the elements that Yau brings up in his article. I chose the shield form, because it wasn’t a distracting motif but I also felt like it related to the themes of cultural heritage protection that the article discusses. I also used a blue gradient for the text since blue seemed like a safe color that could be easily differentiated, rather than some of the other default options. I couldn’t figure out how to add a title, which is one of the suggestions that Yau says can add clarity for the reader. I also chose different fonts, a serif, a sans serif, and a monospace. I hope this adds clarity through different textures.
Pamela Fletcher and Anne Helmreich discuss the impact of transportation, communication, and financial networks in the late 19th century on the art market in England, especially London. The growth of these networks worked in parallel with the mobility of goods, which led to a bolstered international art market. The authors use data sets and visualizations to consider the geography of the London art market and the sales data of different groups like Goupil & Cie/Boussod, Valadon & Cie, and other prominent art firms.
The density of the London art market and the various pathways that artworks, artists, and buyers interacted within changed over time and Fletcher and Helmreich discuss the implications of the change, but make a strong argument for why visualizing these changes results in a greater understanding of the art scene. The art market is dynamic to say the least, and the mercurial nature of which galleries are open is clearly reflected in the mapping capability.
Fletcher and Helmreich also consider the evolution of the art market in the 19th century, with a major shift from state-sponsored patronage to private dealers and galleries. It mentions previous research on the British art market and the role of factors such as industrialization, Protestantism, and social circles in shaping it. I’m not sure if I see these more nuanced changes reflected in the digital map, but I think the authors addressing why
things are changing so drastically provides a deeper and more nuanced look at the map.
Basically, the text supports the map, and the map supports the text. This model best illustrates the way that art history can benefit from digital humanities. I’m not sure how else you could provide an analog way to achieve a similar goal. I’m not sure it would have the same effect, particularly with the interactivity of the map. I’m very impressed by what the authors could achieve with the map and how much stronger their argument looked.
I began my reading responses with a consideration on how art historians consider ourselves to be vaguely “interdisciplinary” but when push comes to shove, we are disinterested in exploring other fields. I think Beatrice Joyeux-Prunel in “Digital Humanities for a Spatial, Global, and Social History of Art”, does a really good job of capturing this dilemma once again. Geography and mapping is, simply put, not art history. Yet, in many cases art historians look at and rely on maps. Fletcher and Helmreich make a strong case for showing the capabilities of mapping within “traditional” art history. She begins by mentioning how in the past, the notion of “school” and “academy” in art was heavily influenced by national criteria and was even used to justify political theories like nationalism. Some scholars used artistic geography to support land claims. In the 1990s, when European and North American art historians moved away from nationalism and were more interested in aesthetics and forms, they neglected to understand social and geographical aspects. However, there has been a recent interest in artistic geography, where some art historians are advocating for a more thoughtful and critical approach to maps.
Art geographers have emphasized the importance of rethinking traditional concepts like eurocentrism, lens, and financial capital in art history, particularly with a postcolonialist viewpoint. This shift has paralleled the “global turn” in art history and the study of artistic globalization.
Art geographers definitely borrowed concepts from geographers, they didn’t initially consider themselves “mappers”. However, the introduction of digital methodologies in art history has led to a burgeoning interest in mapping, especially among art historians who are interested in sociology, economics, and trend analysis. The digital geographical approach has created new questions for art historians, and encouraged us to, once again, step outside the fence of “Art History” and engage in a meaningful way with the rest of academia. Digital mapping has enabled researchers to complete tasks that fifteen years ago would seem impossible to analyze and visualize such information clearly.
My map shows the movement of the objects I chose for my Omeka Exhibit, Afterlives. I hope the map provides clarity to the way objects move around. I also included some famous museums to provide landmarks so viewers can orient themselves. Some famous art works are very
close to famous museums, some are very far away. This is just a sampling of the way objects move, but I hope it provides insight.
In retrospect, I think I would have color coded each art work, rather than use the color coding to signify more of a temporal quality.
In many ways, the term “oral history” is as vague as it sounds. It can be many things, like rehearsed stories by tradition-bearers, informal conversations with family, print collections of stories, and recorded interviews with individuals seen as having important stories to share. People have learned about the past through spoken word accounts and many have worked to preserve firsthand accounts, especially when historical actors were about to pass away.
For example, shortly after Abraham Lincoln’s death in 1865, John G. Nicolay and William Herndon gathered recollections and interviews about the sixteenth president. The author didn’t mention this, but the person whose job it was to record Lincoln’s last words had his pencil break. In the scramble to find a new pencil, the recorder missed his last words (source: my sixth grade social studies teacher). It makes sense that Nicolay and Herndon sought verbal accounts of the late president, especially since his death was so unexpected.
One significant early effort to collect oral accounts was the Federal Writers Project (FWP) in the late 1930s and early 1940s. Although valuable, early attempts at recording firsthand accounts faced challenges due to the absence of modern recording technology, reliance on human note-takers, and idiosyncratic methods. From this, it’s interesting to think how advanced our technology has gotten since handwritten transcriptions.
Historians generally trace the formal practice of oral history to Allan Nevins at Columbia University in the 1940s. Nevins initiated a systematic effort to record, preserve, and make available historically significant recollections. His work began as a supplement to written records, as he found limited personal records for his biography of President Grover Cleveland. This marked the start of contemporary oral history, leading to the creation of the Columbia Oral History Research Office and the broader oral history movement.
The interviews that Linda Shnopes provides were really interesting and I would be curious to know more about transcription standards. Although I understand that recording things as they’re said is important, including mispronunciations like “Sabior” instead of “Savior”. I’m not sure what I would do in this scenario, but I appreciate the transcriber’s commitment to accuracy. If I was interviewing a British person, writing statements like, “Margaret Thatcha wahs a terrible leadah, guvnah” seems like it would lead the reader to make certain assumptions or confuse people. However, I understand that including euphemisms, idioms, or phrases are part of the interview and contribute to the overall accuracy. This seems like really a gray area, and I’m not sure if there is a correct answer. I think that having an open dialogue with your interviewer so they understand how you plan to record them is a good place to start.
Doug Boyd’s article, “Informed Accessioning: Questions to Ask After the Interview”, discusses good practices for interviewing subjects. Asking questions after the interview like, “is any of this confidential” or “would you like to remain anonymous” are ways to practice ethical interviewing strategies.
My digital project includes a picture from my master’s research. Click on the links and learn more about cassoni, a rich tradition that was extremely popular in Florence during the 15th century.
|
<urn:uuid:ce4ef799-d689-452a-b6ba-9a7246385b3a>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://jjbauer226.net/author/olivia-janson/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.942198 | 9,036 | 2.859375 | 3 |
Description: Growing crops hydroponically is indeed a sustainable and environmentally beneficial way, & Kamala Farms, a prominent hydroponics facility in Chennai, is dedicated to promoting this cutting-edge technology. Hydroponic farming is a fantastic option for contemporary agriculture because it has a number of positive environmental effects.
Reduced Water Use: Compared to conventional agricultural techniques, hydroponic farming can save up to 90% of water. This is so that less water is used to grow crops thanks to hydroponic systems’ recycling of water. Advanced hydroponic technology is used by Kamala Farms to increase water efficiency and minimise waste.
Erosion of the soil is not a concern because hydroponic farming doesn’t require soil. Nutrient loss, depletion of soil fertility, and sometimes even land damage can result from soil erosion. The use of hydroponics by Kamala Farms reduces the demand for soil, lowering the impact of agriculture on the environment.
Reduced Carbon Footprint: Compared to conventional farming techniques, hydroponic farming emits less greenhouse gas. This is so that less space and less energy are needed to grow crops using hydroponic systems. To further lower their carbon impact, Kamala Farms uses sustainable energy sources like solar electricity.
Pesticides are not necessary in hydroponic farming since the controlled atmosphere of these systems makes pests and diseases less likely. This makes it possible for Kamala Farms to farm without the need for dangerous chemicals, benefiting the both environment and customers.
Reduced Food Waste
Because hydroponic farming yields more per square metre than conventional agricultural techniques, it can considerably minimise food waste. This is so that plants can grow more quickly and more healthily. Production systems can be adjusted to provide the best growth environment for each crop. In order to minimise food waste, Kamala Farms makes sure that all of its produce was harvested at the height of freshness.
Year-Round Crop Production
Kamala Farms is capable of growing new, healthy produce even in the off-season because to hydroponic farming, which allows for year-round crop production. As a result, there is less need for produce to be transported over great distances, further lowering their carbon footprint.
In conclusion, Kamala Farm, a hydroponics facility in Chennai, is dedicated to encouraging environmentally friendly and sustainable agricultural practises. Many environmental advantages of hydroponic farming include less water use, no soil erosion, a smaller carbon footprint, the absence of pesticides, less food scraps, and the year crop production. Advanced hydroponic technology is used by Kamala Farms to guarantee the freshness, quality, and sustainability of their crops. We can encourage sustainable agriculture and lessen the negative effects of food production on the environment by utilising hydroponic farming.
|
<urn:uuid:afd6007d-f456-439b-ae2c-70e592c960cd>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://kamalafarms.com/environmental-benefits-of-hydroponic-farms/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.920084 | 572 | 3.0625 | 3 |
(KRON) – California residents submitted photographs and videos to Nexstar’s KRON this week of mysterious objects falling on their neighborhoods.
Morgan Hill resident Gina Watson shot images of strange, white webby objects that fell “from my house all the way to work,” she said.
John E. Banks, an environmental sciences professor at California State University Monterey Bay, said the objects are likely silky webs created by spiders that are ballooning.
“No one has definitively figured out what they are, but they appear to be spider silk,” Banks told KRON.
Spiders spin out long lines of silk in a phenomenon called ballooning. Several spider species use ballooning to blow in the breeze from one habitat to another, Banks said. A spider will weave its own parachute, or “balloon,” and drift through the sky with help from the wind, he explained.
The New York Times reported that spider silk is so thin and light that air is like a “thick fluid” in comparison.
“The effect of gravity is easily counteracted. In a breeze, the flowing air carries the silk threads along with it, as the spider rides beneath,” the report stated.
Dr. Fredrick Larabee, a professor of biological sciences at San Jose State University, said the ballooning spiders could be baby spiders, also known as spiderlings.
“After they hatch, baby spiders release strands of silk that get caught by the wind and carry them to new homes. That way they can find food and homes without competing with their siblings,” Larabee told KRON.
“I haven’t been able to catch a spider in any of these yet to figure out what species is ballooning right now, but many spiders are hatching this time of year,” Larabee said.
Spiders use ballooning for many reasons, some of which are still unknown to researchers. Researchers do know that ballooning helps protect spider populations from dying out when conditions change and food becomes less plentiful.
“Evolutionarily, it is a very smart strategy for spiders that live in an unstable environment, like farmland,” Banks said.
Shifts in the atmosphere’s electric fields are also suspected to be factors for when spiders weave balloons, he added.
Banks said there are 45,000 to 50,000 species of spiders on the planet, and they play an important role in keeping an ecological balance.
|
<urn:uuid:062834e9-93a7-4746-9a34-4df57b31ff81>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://kdvr.com/news/mystery-objects-falling-from-the-sky-may-be-spider-balloons/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.949767 | 517 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Welcome to our article that delves into the captivating story of the Black Douglas Knight, exploring his history and biography. The Black Douglas Knight is a true legend of Scottish history, and his legacy is still felt today. In this section, we will take a closer look at the life of this enigmatic figure and uncover fascinating details about his past and contributions to history.
Are you ready to learn about the intriguing life of the Black Douglas Knight? Then read on as we dive into his history, achievements, and enduring legacy. Discover interesting facts about his background, early life, and heroic tales of battle. We’ll also explore his role in the Scottish independence movement, as well as the intriguing events and instances of betrayal that surrounded his life.
Join us as we delve into the story of the Black Douglas Knight, a fascinating figure whose biography is as enthralling as it is inspiring. By the end of this article, you’ll have a newfound appreciation for this historical icon and the lasting impact he has had on Scottish history. So, let’s get started and uncover the captivating tale of the Black Douglas Knight!
The Early Life of the Black Douglas Knight
The Black Douglas Knight, also known as Sir James Douglas, was born into a noble Scottish family with a rich heritage. His family traces its roots to the ancient Celtic kings of Scotland, with his ancestors holding prominent positions in the Scottish court as far back as the 13th century.
James Douglas was likely born in the late 1280s or early 1290s, during a time of great political upheaval in Scotland. His father, William Douglas, was heavily involved in the struggle for Scottish independence from England and served as a military commander for King Robert the Bruce.
As a young boy, James Douglas would have been exposed to the hardships and dangers of war. His father was captured by the English and executed, leaving James and his siblings to fend for themselves.
Despite these challenges, James Douglas was determined to continue his family’s legacy and serve his country. He became a squire to Sir William Lamberton, the Bishop of St Andrews, who was also a close confidant of King Robert the Bruce.
The Early Life at the Glance
During his time as a squire, James Douglas would have received extensive training in the art of warfare. He would have learned how to fight with a variety of weapons, including the sword, lance, and bow and arrow. He would have also learned the importance of strategy and tactics on the battlefield.
As James Douglas grew older, he began to distinguish himself as a brave and skilled warrior. He fought in numerous battles alongside King Robert the Bruce, including the famous Battle of Bannockburn in 1314. It was during this battle that he was first referred to as the Black Douglas Knight due to his black armor and his fearless demeanor in battle.
James Douglas’s determination and bravery on the battlefield earned him the respect and admiration of his fellow Scotsmen. He quickly rose through the ranks, eventually becoming one of King Robert the Bruce’s most trusted advisors and military commanders.
Despite his early hardships, the Black Douglas Knight remained fiercely loyal to his country and his king. His unwavering commitment to Scotland ultimately led him to become one of the most celebrated and revered figures in Scottish history.
Rising to Knighthood
The Black Douglas Knight’s rise to knighthood was marked by a series of impressive achievements, both on and off the battlefield.
One of his first notable achievements was his successful negotiation with the English king for the release of several Scottish nobles who had been captured during the Battle of Dunbar in 1296. This diplomatic victory helped to establish the Black Douglas Knight as a respected and prominent figure within the Scottish court.
However, it was his military prowess that truly set him apart. The Black Douglas Knight was a skilled and courageous fighter who led his men into battle with ferocity and determination.
He is perhaps best known for his heroic actions at the Battle of Teba in 1330. Despite being outnumbered and outmatched by the enemy forces, the Black Douglas Knight fearlessly charged into battle alongside his men. His bravery and leadership inspired his troops to fight with renewed vigor, and they were ultimately able to emerge victorious.
Throughout his career, the Black Douglas Knight continued to achieve notable successes on the battlefield. His strategic genius and unwavering courage won him the admiration and respect of friend and foe alike and cemented his place in history as one of Scotland’s greatest warriors.
Heroism in Battle
The Black Douglas Knight was renowned for his courage and strength in battle, earning him great respect among his peers and the admiration of his enemies. He was a formidable opponent, feared by many, and his reputation often preceded him into battle.
One of the most famous instances of the Black Douglas Knight’s heroism in battle occurred during the Scottish War of Independence. He was part of a small group of Scottish soldiers that were vastly outnumbered by the English army, yet they refused to give up without a fight.
The Black Douglas Knight, along with his cousin, Sir James Douglas, charged into battle with fierce determination, cutting a swathe through the enemy lines. Despite being outnumbered, they fought with courage and tenacity, inspiring their fellow soldiers to push forward and keep fighting.
The Black Douglas Knight’s family also played a significant role in his military career. His father and brother were both respected knights, and his sister was married to Robert the Bruce, the Scottish king. This familial connection provided him with valuable connections and support throughout his military campaigns.
It was this combination of skill, courage, and support that led the Black Douglas Knight to achieve many victories in battle, earning him a place in Scottish history as one of the country’s most revered knights.
The Black Douglas Knight and the Scottish Independence Movement
The Black Douglas Knight, also known as James Douglas, played a pivotal role in the Scottish independence movement during the early 14th century. He was a trusted ally of Robert the Bruce, who became the King of Scotland in 1306 after defeating the English army at the Battle of Loudoun Hill.
Before his allegiance to Robert the Bruce, the Black Douglas Knight had served under the English King Edward I. However, he was forced to flee England after being accused of treason when he warned Robert the Bruce of the English army’s plans to attack him. After joining forces with Robert the Bruce, the Black Douglas Knight fought alongside him in various battles against the English army.
One of the most notable instances of the Black Douglas Knight’s achievements in the Scottish independence movement occurred in 1314 at the Battle of Bannockburn. In this battle, the Scottish army under the leadership of Robert the Bruce defeated the larger and better-equipped English army. The Black Douglas Knight was instrumental in the victory, personally leading a charge that broke through the English lines and attacked their archers. This allowed the Scottish army to gain a significant advantage and ultimate victory.
The Battle of Teba
The Black Douglas Knight also fought in the Battle of Teba in Spain in 1330. In this battle, the Scots were hired by King Alfonso XI of Castile to fight against the Moors. The Black Douglas Knight led the Scots to an impressive victory, but it came at a great cost. He lost his life in the battle, and his heart was removed from his body and taken back to Scotland to be buried.
The Black Douglas Knight remains an important figure in Scottish history and is celebrated for his bravery, loyalty, and commitment to the Scottish independence movement. His achievements are a testament to his skill as a warrior and his unwavering dedication to the cause he believed in. His legacy continues to inspire generations of Scots today.
Intrigue and Betrayal
The life of the Black Douglas Knight was not without its fair share of intrigue and betrayal. Despite his fierce loyalty to the Scottish cause, the Black Douglas Knight faced numerous challenges throughout his life.
One of the most notable instances of betrayal was when the Black Douglas Knight’s own nephew, William Douglas, joined forces with the English. William conspired with the English king, Edward III, in a plot to capture the Black Douglas Knight. Fortunately, the Black Douglas Knight was able to evade capture and continued to fight for Scottish independence.
Another instance of betrayal occurred when the Black Douglas Knight’s ally and friend, Sir James Lindsay, turned against him and joined forces with the English. This betrayal led to a devastating defeat for the Scottish army at the Battle of Durham.
Despite these setbacks, the Black Douglas Knight remained steadfast in his dedication to the Scottish cause. He continued to fight for Scottish independence and served as a symbol of hope for the Scottish people.
The life and legacy of the Black Douglas Knight serve as a reminder of the challenges faced by those who fight for what they believe in. His bravery and determination continue to inspire generations and ensure that his memory lives on.
Notable Facts about the Black Douglas Knight
As we continue to uncover the captivating story of the Black Douglas Knight, there are some interesting and lesser-known facts about him that are worth exploring:
|He was a skilled warrior||The Black Douglas Knight was known for his bravery in battle and his skill with a sword. He was a valuable asset to the Scottish army, and his leadership was instrumental in many battles.|
|He was fiercely loyal to Scotland||The Black Douglas Knight was a staunch supporter of Scottish independence and fought fiercely for the cause. His dedication to Scotland and its people is still celebrated today.|
|He was a man of many titles||The Black Douglas Knight was known by many names, including “Good Sir James,” “The Black Douglas,” and “The Dark Knight of Liddesdale.” His reputation as a skilled warrior and a champion of Scotland earned him these titles and more.|
|He was betrayed by his own countryman||In a shocking turn of events, the Black Douglas Knight was betrayed by his own countryman, Sir John de Menteith. Menteith lured the Black Douglas Knight into a trap and then handed him over to the English, who subsequently executed him. This act of betrayal is still remembered as a dark moment in Scottish history.|
These are just a few of the notable facts about the Black Douglas Knight that add to the intrigue and mystique of his extraordinary life.
The Legacy of the Black Douglas Knight
The Black Douglas Knight left behind a lasting legacy that is still remembered today. His bravery in battle and his unwavering commitment to the Scottish independence movement continue to inspire generations.
The Black Douglas Knight’s legacy also includes his impact on Scottish culture and folklore. He has been immortalized in poetry and song, and his name has become synonymous with Scottish heroism. The famous ballad “The Black Douglas” highlights his courage and determination:
“Oh where hae ye been, Lord Douglas, my son,
And where hae ye been, my handsome young man?”
“I hae been at Carlisle, where strange news I hear,
And I hae been to Scotland, my bonnie dear:
Where did ye get your armor, O how did it happen?
Oh that was in the fields of joyful victory,
When down the dreary plain I rode to meet my Charlie,
Under my feet the heather bloom,
Over my head the skies so blue,
With a heart full of love and a sword in my hand,
I rode with my valiant men to fight for Scotland’s land.”
The Black Douglas Knight’s legacy extends beyond his home country. His story has captured the imagination of people around the world and has been featured in numerous books, movies, and TV shows. His heroism and legacy continue to be celebrated, ensuring that his memory lives on.
Remembering the Black Douglas Knight
Although the Black Douglas Knight lived centuries ago, his legacy still resonates today. His deeds and accomplishments have been celebrated in artwork, literature, and even film.
One of the most significant ways in which the Black Douglas Knight is remembered is through the annual Douglas Day celebration held in his honor. This event occurs every year on November 25th, which marks the anniversary of his death. The celebration includes various activities and events that pay tribute to the Black Douglas Knight and his contributions to Scottish history.
Additionally, several monuments and memorials have been erected in his memory throughout Scotland. One of the most notable is the Douglas-Ewart High School, which was named after the Black Douglas Knight and his wife Elizabeth Ewart.
Overall, it is clear that the Black Douglas Knight’s impact on history is still felt today. By remembering his life and accomplishments, we ensure that his legacy continues to inspire future generations.
Honoring the Black Douglas Knight’s Memory
The legacy of the Black Douglas Knight lives on, and there are several ways in which his memory is honored today. One such way is the annual reenactment of the Battle of Otterburn, where the Black Douglas Knight famously fought and ultimately perished. This reenactment takes place every year in Northumberland, England, and attracts history enthusiasts and visitors from all over the world.
Another way in which the Black Douglas Knight’s memory is preserved is through various historical sites and landmarks, such as the Douglas Heritage Museum in Scotland. Here, visitors can learn more about the life and achievements of the Black Douglas Knight, as well as the cultural and historical significance of the Douglas family.
In addition, there are several books, documentaries, and other forms of media that explore the life of the Black Douglas Knight and his legacy. These resources help to ensure that his story continues to be told and remembered for generations to come.
The enduring impact of the Black Douglas Knight can also be seen in popular culture, with numerous references to him in literature, music, and film. This further demonstrates the lasting legacy of this remarkable historical figure.
Overall, the memory of the Black Douglas Knight is honored and celebrated in a variety of ways, ensuring that his extraordinary life and achievements continue to inspire and captivate people around the world.
Throughout his life, the Black Douglas Knight demonstrated unwavering courage, valor, and a deep sense of patriotism toward his country. His legacy has withstood the test of time and continues to inspire people across generations. It is important that we remember his contributions and preserve his legacy for future generations to learn from.
The memory of the Black Douglas Knight is celebrated and honored in many ways. The Scottish National Portrait Gallery, for instance, features a portrait of the knight, thus immortalizing him in the annals of Scottish history. Many towns and villages across Scotland also have streets and monuments named after him, a testament to his remarkable achievements.
It is crucial that we remember the Black Douglas Knight’s contributions and the significance of his life in shaping Scottish history. By doing so, we can gain a better understanding of our roots as a society and appreciate the values that the Black Douglas Knight embodied, such as patriotism, courage, and loyalty.
The Black Douglas Knight’s story is a testament to the idea that individual actions can have a profound impact on history. His legacy serves as an inspiration to generations of Scots who value freedom, courage, and honor.
Preserving the Legacy of the Black Douglas Knight
Preserving the legacy of the Black Douglas Knight is essential in ensuring that future generations understand and appreciate the rich history and culture of Scotland. By educating ourselves and others about the remarkable life of the Black Douglas Knight, we can keep his legacy alive and inspire future generations of Scots to follow in his footsteps.
As we continue to honor and remember the Black Douglas Knight, we must also strive to embody the values that he stood for, such as bravery, honor, and a love for country. By doing so, we can ensure that his legacy lives on, inspiring future generations of Scots for years to come.
|
<urn:uuid:a49c6154-2bf4-49f0-b616-8823c8fd332a>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://knightstemplar.co/unveiling-the-story-of-the-black-douglas-knight/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.979904 | 3,291 | 3.5625 | 4 |
Pocahontas has been known throughout history as a strong Native American woman who helped save John Smith's life and kept peace between the British and her Powhatan tribe. Take a journey into the past as you explore the life of Pocahontas with this hands-on project. A complete Study Guide is included, as well as templates and instructions. This is a Mini-Lapbook, requiring only one file folder. This ebook format includes a downloadable PDF file. Just follow the instructions, cut, fold, glue, and create! Print as many as you need for your own household.
Download a sample of this product here: VIEW SAMPLE FILE
***NOTE: THIS PRODUCT IS AVAILABLE IN EBOOK ONLY!
|
<urn:uuid:1a71972e-cae0-4165-b13c-a1ed9f8352c1>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://knowledgeboxcentral.com/collections/native-americans/products/pocahontas-mini-lapbook
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.953926 | 151 | 3.25 | 3 |
Understanding of the importance of humanitarian aid air cargo
Kull Jet offers cargo and aviation solutions to humanitarian organizations, government agencies and NGO’s.
The company is a specialist in disaster response, offering an integrated team of experts to provide humanitarian air cargo, an essential lifeline for charities and non-governmental organisations in need.
With a network of partners across the globe, Kull Jet is uniquely positioned to provide unparalleled reach and flexibility while managing logistics with experience and professionalism.
Humanitarian air cargo involves the coordination of aid agencies, governments and private organizations to swiftly deliver supplies including food, clean water, medicine and shelter to people in need during times of disaster or crisis.
Humanitarian aid air cargo has become an important tool in delivering aid to those in need across the globe. As it is often the only means of reaching inaccessible areas, it is vital for getting supplies to people quickly and securely. Despite its importance, there remains a lack of clarity about how the process works and how best to take advantage of air cargo when responding to emergencies or crises.
Air transportation is the only viable option for delivering humanitarian aid in many parts of the world due to conflict, natural disasters, or other emergency situations.
The use of air transport may be the only means of reaching remote or isolated communities or to deliver relief supplies and personnel in disaster-affected areas.
In emergency situations, humanitarian aid air cargo charter transport can be a lifesaver.
Humanitarian air cargo charters are capable of transporting a wide range of items, including food products, medicine, shelter materials, water, and other essentials. Disasters and emergencies require each of these items to meet the needs of those affected.
Medicine is also important for treating injuries and illnesses. Shelter materials are essential in order to provide people with a safe place to stay. Water is essential for drinking and sanitation. Clothing, bedding, and hygiene products can be also considered basic necessities.
The European Union (EU) has set out specific rules that apply to all air transport of humanitarian aid within its borders, which must be followed by anyone transporting goods on behalf of a humanitarian organization, whether they are based in the EU or not.
– All flights carrying humanitarian aid must be authorised by the relevant authorities in the country of origin and destination.
– Flights must be carried out in accordance with all applicable international aviation regulations.
– Humanitarian aid may only be transported on aircraft that are registered in an EU Member State or a State party to the European Common Aviation Area Agreement.
– The operator of the aircraft must have all the necessary authorisations and licenses to carry out the flight.
– All crew members working on flights carrying humanitarian aid must be properly trained and qualified to do so.
– The aircraft used for such flights must meet all applicable safety standards.
– Proper documentation must be kept for all flights carrying humanitarian aid, including details of the route, cargo, crew, and passengers.
Kull Jet adheres to all these rules and provides a high service.
The use of air cargo charters for humanitarian aid has a great impact on the communities affected by humanitarian crises. Air cargo charters can deliver much-needed aid to the people who need it in a timely and efficient manner, allowing them to receive necessary supplies faster than with other forms of delivery. The fast delivery ensures that the communities are able to recover from disasters and crises quickly. Additionally, air cargo charters help to reduce long-term costs associated with crisis response, helping to ensure that resources are used as efficiently as possible and no one is left behind.
Partnering with airlines and logistics providers is essential to a successful humanitarian cargo charter. It allows us to access the most reliable aircraft and routes and provide the most efficient delivery of goods. At Kull Jet, we work with only the highest quality carriers and logistics providers to ensure that your humanitarian cargo is delivered promptly, securely, and cost-effectively.
|
<urn:uuid:316e3a3f-6cb6-4548-a8ad-59787a9aa96b>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://kulljet.aero/humanitarian-aid-air-cargo/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.932502 | 796 | 2.703125 | 3 |
If we look at dry skin as part of the ageing process, we can appreciate that the number of oil-producing sebum glands decreases as we get older. We need to rehydrate our skin by using moisturisers. A moisturiser works by providing a cream barrier on top of the skin that pulls water from deep below the outer layer of skin (epidermis) into the dry skin cells. The skin cells plump up, dry patches disappear and the appearance of the skin is improved, as light reflects off it evenly.
There are some simple steps you can take to heal dry skin and stop it coming back.
- Don’t overwash. Use warm rather than hot water and gentle soaps rather than perfumed products. We can recommend moisturising soaps. Pat your skin dry (don’t rub) and apply moisturiser to your skin immediately.
- Use only gentle, unscented skin care products when your skin is dry. You may need to stop using retinoid creams or exfoliative cleansers for a short while as your skin heals itself. We want your skin to retain its natural oils.
- Protect your hands. This is often the first place that we notice has dry skin. Our hands suffer a lot from cold weather, over-washing and exposure to harsh chemicals. Wear gloves to protect your hands and keep hand cream in your pocket to apply after washing.
- Reduce exposure to strong heat. An open fire is lovely when it is freezing outside, but it can dry out your skin. Be warm but not hot when it’s cold.
If your skin doesn’t recover quickly then you may need dermatologist help to exclude any underlying skin condition and to prescribe treatments that can restore your skin to normal again.
|
<urn:uuid:d09b0bdf-24e3-4ae5-8a6e-5c6147a0ab36>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://laserandskinclinics.co.uk/skin-conditions/skin-care/dry-skin/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.924599 | 365 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Use a Search Plan to approach your research strategically.
A search plan has three parts that work together to help you find your sources.
Where will you look for information?
Search tools may be open web, like Google, or "deep web" or "hidden web", like Library databases.
Some standard search tools for any topic or subject include:
How will you look for information? What techniques or hacks will you use in the tools you choose?
Explore these helpful strategies.
The words you choose matter; select search terms with care. Avoid putting your search in the form of a question.
Put 2 or more words inside quotation marks to turn them into a single word; so "black cat" looks for results with these 2 words as a phrase. Without the quotation marks, the tool will look for the words black and cat anywhere in the results.
Search tools usually make suggestions for keywords and search terms as you type in the search box - Use them!
Overwhelmed by search results? Limit by picking filters such as date or source type (academic journal, ebook, etc.).
What will you do as you search and start finding results?
You need to be:
Add Quotation Marks to search for an exact phrase or words in a specific or EXACT order. An exact phrase will return more accurate results because it snaps all of the words together, turning it into a phrase that must be found exactly in that order.
Example: emergency nurse vs. "emergency nurse"
Apply filters to limit your search results. Because they limit your results, filters might also be called limiters. The most common and helpful filters to limit your results are:
Some search tools like CINAHL Complete have specialized filters to help you. Use Advanced Search to filter by:
Create a list of keywords associated with your topic.
What else could it be called (synonyms)? What describes it specifically (hyponyms)? What is it related to broadly (hypernyms)?
Example: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung diseases that includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Topics can be narrowed or broadened depending on the use of search terms.
Broader: lung disease
|
<urn:uuid:2b1fef6a-fd89-47c0-b5f7-ebefa22d415d>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://library.nwacc.edu/nursing/plan
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.895117 | 460 | 3.3125 | 3 |
The electrons were hardly dry on the JTS Outer and Inner Polygon Hull post when another interesting use case popped up on GIS StackExchange. The question was how to remove aliasing artifacts (AKA "jaggies") from polygons created by vectorizing raster data, with the condition that the result should contain the original polygon.
A polygon for Vancouver Island vectorized from a coarse raster dataset. Aliasing artifacts are obvious.
This problem is often handled by applying a simplification or smoothing process to the "jaggy" polygon boundary. This works, as long as the process preserves polygonal topology (e.g. such as the JTS TopologyPreservingSimplifier). But generally this output of this process does not contain the input polygon, since the simplification/smoothing can alter the boundary inwards as well as outwards.
In contrast, the JTS Polygon Outer Hull algorithm is designed to do exactly what is required: it reduces the number of vertices, while guaranteeing that the input polygon is contained in the result. It is essentially a simplification method which also preserves polygonal topology (using an area-based approach similar to the Visvalingham-Whyatt algorithm).
Here's a real-world example, taken from the GADM dataset for administrative areas of Germany. The coastline of the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern appears to have been derived from a raster, and thus exhibits aliasing artifacts. Computing the outer hull with a fairly conservative parameter eliminates most of the artifacts, and ensures polygonal topology is preserved.
A potential issue for using Outer Hull as a smoothing technique is the choice of parameter value controlling the amount of change. The algorithm provides two options: the ratio of reduction in the number of vertices, or the fraction of change in area allowed. Both of these are scale-independent, and reflect natural goals for controlling simplification. But neither relate directly to the goal of removing "stairstep" artifacts along the boundary. This might be better specified via a distance-based parameter. The parameter value could then be determined based on the known artifact size (i.e. the resolution of the underlying grid). Since the algorithm for Outer Hull is quite flexible, this should be feasible to implement.
|
<urn:uuid:eb007c79-e0e2-4bf8-b102-5995c65d877e>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://lin-ear-th-inking.blogspot.com/2022/05/using-outer-hulls-for-smoothing.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.91795 | 482 | 2.5625 | 3 |
File sharing is the practice of distributing or transferring digital files, such as music, videos, images, or documents, over the internet. The process typically involves uploading files to a server or cloud-based storage system and sharing them with others via a link or download.
Artificial intelligence, commonly referred to as AI, is a rapidly growing field that involves the development of computer systems that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. These systems are designed to learn from experience, recognize patterns, and make decisions based on data and algorithms. The goal of AI is to create machines that can perform cognitive tasks such as problem-solving, decision-making, and natural language processing.
AI has many real-world applications, including robotics, healthcare, finance, and transportation. For example, self-driving cars use AI to navigate roads and avoid obstacles. AI is also used in healthcare to analyze medical images and help diagnose diseases. In finance, AI can be used to detect fraud and make investment decisions. The possibilities of AI are endless, and the technology is constantly evolving to meet new challenges.
One of the key components of AI is machine learning, which involves training algorithms to identify patterns in data. This process allows machines to recognize and respond to new information, which is critical for making decisions and performing tasks. Deep learning is a type of machine learning that uses neural networks, which are modeled after the human brain. These networks are capable of learning from large amounts of data and can recognize complex patterns.
Despite its many benefits, AI also raises ethical and societal concerns. For example, there are concerns about job displacement as machines become more capable of performing tasks traditionally done by humans. There are also concerns about privacy and security as AI systems collect and analyze vast amounts of personal data.
Overall, AI has thepotential to revolutionize many aspects of our lives, from healthcare to transportation. As the technology continues to evolve, it will be important to carefully consider its ethical implications and ensure that it is used in a responsible manner. AI has the power to transform our world, and it is up to us to guide its development in a way that benefits society as a whole.
|
<urn:uuid:bc399ce3-37d9-46ec-8c5a-05ee84dba314>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://m.shwhats.com/en/PJDEYYKI9XVvqOu
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.962607 | 436 | 3.84375 | 4 |
Peak humpback whale watching season is almost here! Each spring, they begin their migration back to the nutrient-rich waters of the North Pacific, with some swimming with their newborn calves in tow. After fasting through the winter, the humpbacks journey back to Southcentral Alaska and Kenai Fjords to feed on small fish and crustaceans such as krill, herring, and capelin.
Humpback whales can grow to over 50 feet long but their throats are roughly the size of a grapefruit, allowing them only to feed on small animals. To find enough food, the whales have to travel to the cool waters of Alaska. During the summer months, Alaska has over 19 hours of daylight a day, which produces abundant nutrients in the ocean for the whales and other species to feed on. Humpback whales have some extremely impressive feeding behaviors that they exhibit as they work to consume enough calories and build the fat preserves needed to last through the winter.
Typically, humpback whales do not travel in pods or group together except when they are breeding. However, one cooperative feeding technique can bring over a dozen humpback whales together in their common goal of feeding on schools of fish. Bubble-net feeding occurs when whales join together to push the schools of fish to the surface by blowing bubbles in a circular pattern underneath the fish. Once the fish are at the surface, the humpbacks lunge from the water with their mouths wide open, gulping up as many fish as possible.
Bubble-net feeding is a rare, unpredictable, and once-in-a-lifetime experience to witness. Humpback whales do have more common behaviors that can be seen in Kenai Fjords National Park that are just as amazing to see. On occasion, humpback whales will throw themselves out of the water, in a behavior called breaching. It’s not known exactly why humpback whales breach. During breeding season in Hawaii, males breach in competitive pods as they fight for the attention of a female. But in Alaska, breaching may be a form of communication, a way to stun fish, an exercise, or just pure fun. Other behaviors that can be seen include fluke diving, pectoral fin slapping, tail lobbing, and spouting. The best tip for whale watching is to keep your eyes on the water. Humpback whales typically hold their breath for 5-10 minutes when they are feeding, but you never know what’s going to happen when they reach the surface.
Mid-May through mid-August is the best time to see humpback whales in Alaska, but we can see them from all of our cruises for the entire cruise season. Some humpbacks will start their migration back to Hawaii as early as mid-August, while others stick around until September and even October. Though humpback whales can be seen on all of our cruises, the longer you are on the water, the better your chances are of seeing these incredible mammals. For the best chances of seeing humpbacks, we recommend our 6 Hour Kenai Fjords National Park Cruise, the 7.5 Hour Cruise, or the 8.5 Hour Northwestern Fjord Cruise. Stay connected with us on Instagram and Facebook for the latest updates on our humpback sightings!
Signup for our newsletter to get the most recent Major Marine updates.
|
<urn:uuid:35c509e6-3024-4220-976c-4d7607892371>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://majormarine.com/all-about-humpbacks/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.952134 | 684 | 3.1875 | 3 |
I spent this week with a group of people committed to fostering diversity and inclusion in their organizations. We chose to use the March on Washington in 1963 as a case study for building diverse networks to effect culture change. We got out of the classroom and explored the National Museum of African American History and Culture and the Martin Luther King Jr Memorial.
Afterwards, we talked about the emotional experience of the museum. There was a mixture of sorrow, anger, and cynicism after walking for hours amongst the horrific images of enslavement, lynchings, and torture of innocent children.
Why on earth would anyone see the need to make slave shackles for an infant? How could two men brutally murder a fourteen-year-old boy named Emmett Till, in cold blood, because he whistled at a white woman? How could somebody plant a bomb in a church, murdering four little girls, just days after Martin Luther King delivered a speech sharing his dream that children would be judged not by the color of their skin but the content of their character? How can we possibly justify the alarming rate at which unarmed African Americans are killed by the police?
It’s crushing to be exposed to the seemingly unending cruelty of humans against other humans.
Yet our discussion was not all shrouded in dark thoughts. The participants in my class also shared intense pride, hope, and resolve. We talked about how powerful it was to bear witness to the strength and resilience of people who, in spite of the most monstrous treatment, created strong and thriving communities. They kept (and keep) moving forward, fighting against the immoral treatment that they and their kin had been victim to for generations.
And we all felt a sense of community in that space, realizing that we are the next generation to continue the fight and to honor those who came before us.
I realized how strongly our emotions can impact not only our outlook but our approach to community building. Those who choose to build their communities from a place of fear or anger not only distance themselves from learning about others, but can dehumanize those they deem as the “other” to such an extreme that they feel justified in committing horrific acts against innocent individuals.
Those who choose to build their communities from a place of joy and hope open themselves up to the abundance of what humanity offers. They gain knowledge, they create bonds across differences, they honor the stories that every person brings. They build bridges, and ultimately everyone ends up better off.
Written on the stone that holds the statue of Martin Luther King Jr at the MLK Memorial are the words, “Out of a mountain of despair, a stone of hope.” These words were part of Dr. King’s speech on August 28, 1963, when hundreds of thousands of human beings of all races, genders, colors, and creeds, marched together with the common vision that all humans deserve to be treated with the same amount of dignity. The Memorial and the museum are not only symbols of our country’s history. They are symbols of the ideals that Dr. King embraced: justice, democracy, love, and hope.
Of late, I’ve found it far easier to slip into a perspective of anger and despair. I admit that I have spent a fair bit of time reinforcing my anger and despair within my existing community, talking with those who share my perspective, and we feed off each other. It takes a great deal more effort to come from a perspective of love and hope. It means I have to open myself up to a broader community of people who don’t always share my views, to acknowledge and validate the humanity of those who are often 180 degrees from me in terms of ideologies and values.
It’s quite possible that they will not extend the same courtesy to me. Coming from a place of love and hope means I accept that reality, and keep the door of my heart open for them.
Martin Luther King said, “Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred.” What would the world be like if we all could embrace the ideals of Dr. King and the millions of people throughout our nation’s history who have marched for freedom and equality? If we could all choose to set aside our anger, fear, and distrust and stretch our arms out to one another as brothers and sisters? Will we as a human community ever evolve, or are we doomed to continue repeating the same atrocities against one another in the generations to come?
I don’t know.
But my path, and the path to which I will guide my children, will always be one of justice, democracy, love, and hope.
|
<urn:uuid:3d1fba2c-f5d7-40a4-9c5a-bf99de923797>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://msmglobalconsulting.com/justice-democracy-love-and-hope/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.961264 | 958 | 2.984375 | 3 |
It is an article of faith that democracies represent the will of the populace, and therefore must be cognizant of public opinion. But this was not always the case. Before the Enlightenment (18th century) sovereigns believed that they ruled by divine will, not popular will. The signing of Magna Carta in 1215 had confirmed the principle that royalty were subject to some constraint (the opinion of other landed aristocrats). However, the next step, the idea that nations must operate according to a social contract between the governed and the government, would take another 500 years to take hold.
Attending theaters, living in urban areas, going to coffee houses, and reading newspapers all helped to give people the sense that they were part of “a public.” Wealth and education provided the public with more opportunity to congregate and more ideas to talk about. As Europe gained a middle class who participated in discussion of current affairs, governments began to listen to them more. At first this involved domestic affairs, then foreign affairs. The article below goes into more detail about the way public opinion emerged and became one of the cornerstones of modernity.
Read the information in the following article:
Speier, H. (1950).Historical Development of Public Opinion,American Journal of Sociology, 55, 4. 376-388
Answer the following questions:
- How does Speier define public opinion?
- Until the French Revolution writers feared that the public at large were unreliable due to superstition, prejudice, and excess passion. Who did earlier writers believe was likely to hold reasonable opinions?
- What does Speier mean when he says that “Public opinion is a phenomenon of middle-class civilization”?
- What new ways to circulate information helped the new middle class learn about current affairs?
SLP Assignment Expectations
In Module 3 SLP, you are expected to:
- Answer the questions clearly, using full sentences with correct grammar and spelling.
- Write one or two paragraphs on each question.
|
<urn:uuid:44aa9438-5ae9-4274-abb4-c97137b9547a>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://myessayvalet.com/how-does-speier-define-public-opinion-until-the-french-revolution-history-homework-help/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.956129 | 413 | 4.125 | 4 |
Say Hi Day is an annual holiday celebrated on June 11 in memory of Joseph Anthony Cinotti, a special needs teen who died at the age of 15. Cinotti made it a habit to greet everyone he met throughout his life, and his upbeat personality endeared him to his neighborhood. Say Hi Day is a public awareness campaign that aims to remind people that one simple word can improve someone’s day, bring a smile to their face, or shift their mood. A simple welcome can start a chain reaction of positive contacts and make all the difference.
History of Say Hi Day
“Hi!” is an interjection used as a greeting exclamation. The earliest known reference to attract attention was in 1862. It became popular as a greeting word in the early 20th century. Joseph Anthony Cinotti, a 15-year-old young man, is the inspiration behind Say Hi Day. Cinotti spent his entire life saying hi to everyone he came across and always expected everyone to be kind, and humane, and to realize that everyone matters in this world. Sadly, he died in 2018. On June 11th, 2021, the first annual Say Hi Day was observed by the Say Hi Foundation.
Say Hi Day is intended to remind individuals that a simple word can improve someone’s day, bring a smile to their face, or change their mood. The National Day Archives officially accepted, recorded, and recognized this day. The Community Safety & Crime Prevention Council of Waterloo Region’s Say Hi Day today program began in 2004 as part of the Get Connected campaign, which aimed to enhance community engagement, particularly among young people.
For many individuals, making eye contact with strangers and greeting them might be scary, but once you get started, it becomes second nature and saying hello becomes a natural response. One of our most successful crime-prevention tactics is to build a strong, loving community. The initiative encourages individuals to say hello to their neighbors and fosters a sense of caring, belonging, and duty in our community.
Say Hi Day timeline
Campaign Say Hi is launched.
In remembrance of Joseph Anthony Cinotti, the Say Hi Foundation Inc. gets established.
Say Hi Foundation observes Say Hi Day for the first time.
Summer Luciani establishes Say Hi Day in May.
Say Hi Day FAQs
Is ‘hi’ a scrabble word?
Yes, it is in the scrabble dictionary.
How did ‘hi’ come from ‘hello’?
Hello didn’t become ‘hi’ until the telephone was invented.
Is ‘hi’ short for ‘hello’?
It is a common greeting that is short for hello.
Say Hi Day Activities
Say hi today
We encourage you to say hello to as many people as possible today. This word isn't just for coworkers, colleagues, and family members; you can also say hi to someone you don't know.
Reconnect with old friends
If you haven't spoken to someone in a long time, send a simple Hey text or call. It might just be the key to resolving the conflict. It could also help rekindle the flames of your relationship with such ones.
Show an act of kindness
This day is commemorated to remind people of the importance of being kind. Make a difference in someone else's day, and by doing tiny acts of kindness throughout the day. You never know what someone is going through, and a simple hi could be all that is needed to acknowledge or encourage them positively.
5 Facts About The Word ‘Hello’
‘Hi’ is the same as ‘hello,’ except it has a somewhat more informal tone.
‘Hi’ came before ‘hello’
‘Hi’ was recorded a long time before ‘hello.’
‘Hi’ is derived from the Middle English word ‘hy,’ which is similar to the words ‘hey’ and ‘ha.’
The original use
The word ‘hi’ was originally used as a call to attention.
107 ways to say ‘hi’
In English, there are 107 different ways to say ‘hi.’
Why We Love Say Hi Day
It honors Joseph Anthony Cinnoti’s memory
Cinnoti, a 15-year-old, inspired Say Hi Day. Say Hi Day is a means to honor his memory and keep his spirit alive. There is no better way for him to be remembered than by having his own special day.
It promotes bond building
Say Hi Day is a day dedicated to promoting a sense of belonging, inclusiveness, respect, and kindness. It encourages people to get to know one another and build bonds, resulting in a safer neighborhood.
It encourages us to be kind
Say Hi Day encourages people to do good deeds. Saying hi to someone can brighten their day and improve their mood. Assist people who are in need around you and greet them with a friendly remark.
Say Hi Day dates
|
<urn:uuid:4e769b5d-1115-4186-8fd7-79adc52e5473>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://nationaltoday.com/say-hi-day/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.963263 | 1,062 | 3.375 | 3 |
Neuropathy Pain Relief
What is Peripheral Neuropathy?
Neuropathies are, in fact, very common, especially in people over age 55. Approximately 3-4% of people over 55 experience some form of neuropathy in their lives. Most peripheral neuropathies are progressive, so getting comprehensive early treatment is highly recommended. Though most neuropathies are considered incurable, there are many treatment options, including neuropathy surgery, that can help you feel considerably better and successfully manage your condition.
If you suffer from the life-altering pain of peripheral neuropathy, you’ve probably tried all sorts of remedies to find relief. Luckily, you’ve finally come to the right place. Tim Tollestrup, MD, provides neuropathy surgery in Las Vegas that can help you finally leave your nerve pain behind and get back to all the activities you love.
Symptoms of Peripheral Neuropathy
Here are some signs and symptoms of peripheral neuropathy you should look out for:
Nerve compression is often at the root of neuropathy symptoms
Neuropathy symptoms can be caused when nerves becomes pinched, compressed, swollen or enlarged along their course through the body, typically at tight spaces like in the wrist. This can be due to repetitive use/injury/trauma (such as in carpel tunnel syndrome) or through metabolic processes (as in diabetic neuropathy).
Nerve decompression surgery can help relieve the pressure placed on the affected nerves and ease the suffering of peripheral neuropathy patients.
Causes of Peripheral Neuropathy
Peripheral neuropathy can be caused by a multitude of factors, both genetic and environmental, such as trauma, illness, injury, and toxins.
Less common are inherited neuropathies that pass from parent to child, such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1. Sometimes, the source of a neuropathy is unknown. These are called idiopathic neuropathies. About 30% of all neuropathies are classified as idiopathic.
Treatments for Peripheral Neuropathy
Our office sees so many neuropathy patients who have visited a multitude of doctors in their search for relief, including physical therapists, chiropractors, alternative medicine practitioners and more trying to find relief.
The good news is that, for people with peripheral neuropathy caused by nerve compression, surgical procedures may permanently relieve the pain, numbness, and weakness they have been experiencing. This is an exciting, revolutionary development in the treatment of peripheral nerve pain.
How does neuropathy surgery work?
Surgery for nerve pain is outpatient, so you’ll need someone to drive you home and care for you in the hours after surgery while your anesthesia wears off. Recovery time for neuropathy surgery is between two and four weeks, and you’ll be able to resume most of your regular activities shortly after surgery, depending on the location of the damaged nerve or nerves and other factors. Your doctor will discuss your custom treatment and recovery plan with you before surgery.
Success rate of neuropathy surgery
In this video, we learn about life-changing surgery for chronic pain as we go inside the operating room with Dr. Tim Tollestrup, a pain-focused,...
What a great weekend in Baltimore for a historic gathering of the Big Four Pain-Focused Peripheral Nerve Surgeons. From left to right: Dr. Demetrio...
Dr. Tollestrup explains being a pioneer in Pain-focused Peripheral Nerve Surgery. He is one of a few pain-focused peripheral nerve surgeons...
Peripheral Neuropathy Success Stories
Are there different types of peripheral neuropathy?
Mononeuropathy means damage of a single nerve, usually as the result or injury or trauma. Carpal tunnel syndrome is a mononeuropathy caused by repetitive motion in the hand and wrist.
Polyneuropathy, the most common form of peripheral neuropathy, is the damage of multiple nerves at the same time. One of the most common forms of polyneuropathy is diabetic neuropathy.
Dr. Tim Tollestrup and his team can help. Call us at 702-666-0463 to set up a consultation to determine your options.
|
<urn:uuid:142f3e1f-9cfc-40e8-8bf3-6fec44d918fa>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://nevadanervesurgery.org/conditions-we-treat/peripheral-neuropathy-surgery-for-pain/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.941747 | 871 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Kolbar or Portering is described as carrying loads on the back or shoulder of a human being or with an animal in harsh areas.
Kolbars / Porters
Back carriers carrying goods between the two sides of country border lines, sometimes harsh and dangerous areas. They do this simply to earn their daily living. Now in Iran, back carriers work more in the provinces of West Azerbaijan, Kurdistan, and Kermanshah. Most of them carrying goods due to unemployment and with little pay.
The goods are transported across the borders to border cities and villages on the backs of back carriers. These these goods are mainly TVs, air conditioners, heaters, cigarettes, tea, tires, clothing and textiles. Most of the back carriers are young people but also middle-aged and elderly people between the ages of 13 and 80. Kavan, a Kurdish citizen, says portering in Kurdistan’s border regions does not differentiate between women and men, old and young; many female back carriers inevitably turn to portering just to make a living, a choice out of necessity for the sake of providing bread.
80,000 Porters in Iran
Because of the lack of infrastructure and the lack of industrial development in these areas, people have turned to this high-risk job. One of the main factors behind the expansion of this dangerous activity is the lack of job opportunities, as well as the lack of factories and the investment system in the border towns, which caused a massive flood of workers’ influx into portering. For example, Kurdistan’s share of GDP is 0.95%, that is to say, less than one percent, and Kurdistan’s ranking in this respect is 23 in the whole country.
According to an NCRI Report “There are nearly 80,000 ‘Kolbars’ in Iran now. Taking into account their family members too, approximately 400,000 people are involved in the occupation of ‘Kolbari’; millions of businesses, shops, and sectors, are also impacted by them, directly and indirectly.”
Kavan, a Kurdish citizen, writes in his twitter, that portering is not really a job, but a destructive phenomenon planned in the Tehran think tanks, which leads to huge social and economic losses. And it is much more painful and hard work, they give their lives in this manner to bring bread to their loved ones.
Corrupt Iranian Officials
Shahriarvand, another Kurdish citizen, wrote that when 15 billion euros of non-oil exports go missing, according to regime officials, and $150 billion from the nuclear deal is used for terrorism in Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, and Yemen, the result is that it becomes impossible to make a living for the Kurds in Iran through any other method.
Many of the back carriers are shot dead and killed by police forces in the course of transporting goods from the border, in addition to being hit by avalanches or being killed by rocks and drowning in the river. And after that, their mourning families lose their breadwinner.
On January 28, 2017, as a result of the avalanche in the vicinity of Beiran Olya village, 10 km from the city of Sardasht, 16 back carriers were buried under the snow. The incident killed four people and caused injuries to a number of other people.
Rouhani’s Broken Promise
During his election campaign in 2013, Iran’s President Hassan Rouhani said in a trip to Sanandaj to the people of this city, “I promise that in the government of hope and wisdom, the dignity of the Sunni tribes will be restored.”
But the announced number of back carriers who were killed in shootings by border guards during the government of Hassan Rouhani is 212. The age of these people is between 13 and 70. It is said that some of the back carriers have committed suicide under pressure, especially when their goods were seized by the border guards.
Ahmed Shaheed’s report on human rights also addressed this issue: “Back carriers and tradesmen are systematically targeted by Iranian security forces in the border regions.” According to this report, the sentence of the porters, who make a living by smuggling goods such as tea, tobacco and gasoline from the border, is months of imprisonment or the equivalent of value of goods. The report states that Iranian border guards are shooting at porters, killing and injuring dozens of them every year.
Back Carriers Praised in Border Towns
In the border towns, back carriers are praised as honorable and hardworking people who are seeking dignified livelihoods. But the Iranian regime, enjoying economic and security domination, has prevented them from moving, and the Revolutionary Guards, who are the source of all the smuggling and illegal entry, consider this to be in contradiction to their interests and therefore shoot them.
In Kurdistan, children, women, and even elderly people are aging faster under the burden of carrying heavy goods through the mountains, and if they are fortunate enough to survive the border guard attacks, they may be breathing their final breath by a stone and in the middle of the road, in the mountainous paths, under the heavy load that they carry. This is the result of 40 years of clerical rule in Iran.
|
<urn:uuid:73bc31d3-0f02-4f2c-84e7-62eb178f4dec>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://newsblaze.com/world/iran/irgc-kill-mountain-porters_147025/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.971352 | 1,083 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Imagine a world where the glare of the sun is forever tamed, where style meets function effortlessly. This is the world Ray-Ban has crafted since its inception. A titan in the eyewear industry, Ray-Ban has become synonymous with the fusion of fashion and utility. Their sunglasses have shaded the eyes of movie stars, political figures, and fashion icons, becoming a universal symbol of cool. As we explore the historical journey of Ray-Ban sunglasses, we’ll uncover how this brand has remained at the forefront of eyewear innovation and cultural relevance.
The Birth of Ray-Ban
The story of Ray-Ban began with Bausch & Lomb, an American company known for its medical instruments, pharmaceuticals, and contact lenses. In the early 1930s, they were approached by a U.S. Army Air Corps lieutenant who reported that the intense glare of the sun was causing pilots to suffer headaches and altitude sickness. Recognizing the need for protective eyewear, Bausch & Lomb created the original Ray-Ban sunglasses, designed to cut out the harsh sunlight and reduce distractions from the intense blue and white hues of the sky.
It was in 1937 that the iconic Aviator sunglasses were introduced to the world. With their distinctive teardrop shape and green lenses, they were not just a tool for pilots but a statement. The design was patented, and the Aviator quickly became the first blockbuster style of Ray-Ban, setting a precedent for the brand’s innovative approach to eyewear.
World War II and Ray-Ban
During World War II, Ray-Ban solidified its relationship with the U.S. military, supplying sunglasses to American pilots. The rugged demands of aerial combat required eyewear that was both functional and durable, and Ray-Ban delivered. The brand developed the Ray-Ban Shooter model during this time, featuring a unique “cigarette-circle” design that allowed pilots to hold their cigarettes while keeping their hands free.
The end of the war didn’t diminish the popularity of Ray-Ban; in fact, it was quite the opposite. Soldiers returning home brought their Ray-Ban sunglasses with them, introducing them to a civilian population ready to emulate the heroes of the era. This transition from military gear to a must-have accessory of the everyday person marked a pivotal moment in Ray-Ban’s history, as the brand began to symbolize the bravery and coolness of the American spirit.
The Wayfarer Revolution
The 1950s saw Ray-Ban breaking new ground with the introduction of the Wayfarer model. Unlike the metal frames of the Aviators, the Wayfarer featured a radical new plastic molding technology that allowed it to have a distinctively different look. This was a bold move away from traditional metal eyewear, and it paid off. The Wayfarer’s thick frames and slightly rebellious flair caught the attention of Hollywood’s elite, cementing its status as an icon of mid-century style.
The cultural impact was immediate and far-reaching. The Wayfarer became the eyewear of choice for movie stars both on and off the screen, appearing in classic films and becoming a part of the celebrity uniform. Over the years, the design has evolved, but the original silhouette remains largely unchanged—a testament to its timeless design.
The 1980s and Pop Culture
Fast forward to the 1980s, and Ray-Ban had become an emblem of the era’s vibrant pop culture. The brand took center stage in some of the decade’s most influential films. Who could forget Tom Cruise sliding across the floor in “Risky Business” wearing Wayfarers, or the Aviators that shielded the eyes of Maverick in “Top Gun”? These moments were more than just product placements; they were cultural landmarks that embedded Ray-Ban into the fabric of the 80s.
This decade also saw Ray-Ban as a symbol of rebellion and individuality. The sunglasses appeared in music videos and on concert stages, donned by musicians who were the epitome of the era’s defiance and nonconformity. Ray-Ban had transcended its practical origins to become a statement of personal style and an expression of one’s self.
The Luxottica Era
In 1999, the Italian eyewear conglomerate Luxottica acquired Ray-Ban, marking a new chapter in the brand’s history. With this change came shifts in production and distribution, as Luxottica aimed to revitalize the brand’s image and market appeal. Some purists expressed concern over the potential loss of Ray-Ban’s classic appeal, but Luxottica managed to balance respect for the brand’s heritage with the need for modernization.
Under Luxottica, Ray-Ban expanded its global reach, ensuring that its classic designs were available around the world while also introducing new models and collections. This era saw Ray-Ban navigating the challenges of maintaining its storied identity while adapting to the rapidly changing landscape of global fashion and consumer preferences.
In the 21st Century
As the new millennium unfolded, Ray-Ban continued to innovate while staying true to its classic roots. The brand expanded its product line to include a variety of frame styles, lens technologies, and color options, catering to an ever-growing audience with diverse tastes. Ray-Ban’s commitment to quality and style also led to collaborations with fashion designers, celebrities, and artists, bringing fresh perspectives to their timeless designs.
Moreover, technology became a significant focus for Ray-Ban in the 21st century. The introduction of advanced lens technology, such as polarized lenses, offered superior protection and visual clarity. Ray-Ban also embraced the digital age, offering customers the ability to customize their glasses online and virtually try them on, merging traditional style with modern convenience.
The Enduring Legacy
Today, Ray-Ban stands as a colossal figure in the eyewear industry, with its designs recognized globally. The Aviator, Wayfarer, and Clubmaster remain as popular as ever, proving that true style is indeed timeless. These designs have seamlessly adapted to the changing tides of fashion, often worn by a new generation seeking the classic cool look.
The brand’s influence extends beyond fashion; it’s a cultural icon that has witnessed and shaped history. Ray-Ban sunglasses have seen the world through decades of change, from the golden age of Hollywood to the digital revolution, and have remained a constant companion to those who wear them. It’s a testament to the brand’s ability to capture the essence of an era while looking ahead to the next.
Tracing the historical journey of Ray-Ban is like flipping through the pages of a style anthology. From its military beginnings to its status as a beacon of pop culture, Ray-Ban has navigated the ebb and flow of trends without losing its core identity. The brand’s ability to blend form and function with an air of rebellion and sophistication is the secret to its timeless appeal.
As we look to the future, Ray-Ban continues to sit at the intersection of heritage and innovation. With a legacy built on vision and style, they are poised to face the ever-changing fashion world with the same cool confidence that has defined it for nearly a century. The sun may set, but Ray-Ban’s legacy endures, as bright and as bold as ever.
|
<urn:uuid:a092a6c4-644e-4fca-8976-ea0c604c926f>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://newusallc.com/through-the-lens-of-time-the-history-of-ray-ban-sunglasses/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.953975 | 1,533 | 2.96875 | 3 |
Hardin, Walker(born: 1859 - died: 1934)
Walker Hardin, born in PeeWee Valley, KY, was the inspiration for the character Walker in the Little Colonel book series and the 1935 movie The Little Colonel. The following information comes from the Little Colonel website.
Walker Hardin was a farm laborer who lived in Brownsboro, KY. He was twice married and was the father of seven children. The family later lived in Stumptown and Frazier Town, an African American community that developed at the close of the Civil War.
The Little Colonel book series was written by Annie Fellows Johnston, a children's fiction author. Several of the novels in the series are based on the olden days of Kentucky during slavery, with a five-year old girl as one of the main characters who is known as The Little Colonel. In The Little Colonel movie, the child character is played by Shirley Temple and the character Walker, a Negro house servant, was played by Bill "Bojangles" Robinson.
Additional information: Walker Hardin was probably an enslaved person prior to he and his family gaining their freedom after the Civil War; his name does not show up in the census records until after 1870. In 1880, he was employed as a servant for the Henry Clore family in Rollington, KY [source: 1880 U.S. Federal Census]. He is listed twice in the 1880 Census, once with the Clore family and a second time as living with his father, also named Walker, and three siblings, all in Brownsboro. In 1900, Walker Hardin (the younger) and his family were living in Peewee Valley [source: 1900 U.S. Federal Census]. Walker Hardin's mother's name is not given in the census records nor is it listed on his death certificate. Walker Hardin's birth year is given as circa 1862 in the 1880 Census, and 1859 in the 1900 Census. Walker Hardin died in Louisville, KY, in 1934 and is buried in the Peewee Valley African American Cemetery [source: Find A Grave record].
Walker Hardin could not read or write, and there is no record of his ever being an actor or a dancer. Though an inspiration for the character Walker, he had no input in the Little Colonel movie, nor did he have any say in the book series written from 1895-1931 by Annie Julia Fellows Johnston (1863-1931).
The last book in the series was published just before Johnston's death. Annie Fellows Johnston was born in Indiana. Her stepchildren had relatives in Peewee Valley, KY, and she liked the town so much that she moved there in 1898 and would make it her permanent home [source: Annie Fellows Johnston Biography at the Little Colonel website]. She borrowed from real life people and families in Peewee Valley in creating characters in the Little Colonel book series.
The selection of the actor to play Walker in the movie was made by the Fox Film Corporation head Winfield Sheehan (from NY) after discussing it with LaGrange, KY native and flim director D. W. Griffith. Bill "Bojangles" Robinson as Walker and Shirley Temple as Lloyd Sherman was the first casting of a white person and black person dancing together in a Hollywood film. Robinson taught Shirley Temple the tap dance routine. When the movie was shown in southern states, the scenes of the two dancing and holding hands were cut from the film.
Walker Hardin died the year before the movie was released in 1935.
|
<urn:uuid:6bb355cf-df58-4032-8a17-7d6abdfaed03>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/3074
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.984947 | 726 | 2.953125 | 3 |
Wood, Henrietta(born: 1816)
Submitted by Reinette F. Jones, 8/19/2016
Henrietta Wood was a mulatto enslaved woman born in Boone County, KY. Her 1870 case in the federal court is noted as one of the earliest seeking restitution for being a free woman who was re-enslaved. She was held by Jane Cirode, who was born in England around 1797 and was a widow, according to the 1850 U.S. Census. Jane White Cirode had been the wife of William Cirode from France; the couple married in Fayette County, KY on August 1, 1818 [source: Kentucky Marriages Index, 1802-1850]. Their children were born in Kentucky, and the family was fairly well-off.
In 1830, the family lived in Louisville, KY, and William Cirode owned seven enslaved people, according to the U.S. Census. In 1840, no enslaved were listed with the family in the census record. Around 1847, William Cirode had died, and Jane moved her family to Cincinnati, OH. Her enslaved woman, Henrietta Wood, moved with the family and was given her freedom once in Ohio, though the children of Jane Cirode did not agree with their mother's decision. Henrietta Wood continued living as a free woman in Cincinnati until shortly after the death of Jane Cirode around 1852.
A year or so after their mother's death, Jane Cirode's children hired Zebulon Ward (1822-1894), a sheriff in northern Kentucky and a slave holder in Woodford County. Ward was to capture Henrietta Wood and re-enslave her. The children of Jane Cirode still considered Henrietta Wood a part of their mother's estate and thereby part of their inheritance. Rebecca Boyd (b. 1814 in TN) was Henrietta Wood's employer in Cincinnati. Rebecca Boyd had Henrietta Wood accompany her into Kentucky, and the two were joined by Franklin B. Rust (1816-1873) (Find A Grave), who lived in Northern Kentucky with his family and another man. Once across the Ohio River, they encountered the waiting Zeb Ward, who claimed Henrietta Wood as his enslaved. He and his men restrained her, and Ward had her sent to Lexington to the private enslaved prison owned by Lewis C. Robards [see image icon below].
While imprisoned, Wood filed a petition for her freedom in the Fayette County Circuit Court on June 10, 1853. Her petition was dismissed because of a lack of standing: the enslaved could not sue their masters. In the Criminal Court of Cincinnati, indictment charges for kidnapping were brought against Rebecca Boyd, Frank Rust, and John Gilbert - "State of Ohio vs. Rebecca Boyd and Franklin Rust, impleaded with John Gilbert"; the jury returned a verdict of acquittal [sources: "In the Criminal Court, Cincinnati...," Anti-slavery Bugle, 1/7/1854, p. 3; and "That Kidnapping Case," Anti-slavery Bugle, 1/14/1854, front page].
One of the men who helped kidnap Henrietta Wood was Frank B. Rust, listed in the census records as a farmer, but he was also a slave trader. In 1848, he had purchased three enslaved in Grant County, KY: a mother, father, and child. He brought the family to Covington and placed them in jail with the intent of soon shipping them down south where they would be sold. But the next morning after holding them overnight in a cell, the jailer found all three members of the family with their throats cut. The wife and child were dead. The parents had preferred death to being sold down south the be enslaved. The father was also expected to die. - - [source: "Bloody Tragedy," The Lancaster Gazette,"06/2/1848, p. 2]. Frank B. Rust was part of the group that enslaved Henrietta Wood because he was a slave trader.
Henrietta Wood was said to be about six feet tall; it had taken all three men to subdue her. Once jailed, she attempted to continue the fight from behind bars. After her case was denied in the Fayette County Circuit Court, she appealed to the Kentucky Court of Appeals - "Henrietta Wood v Zeb Ward." The Court of Appeals found no error in the previous judgement, so Wood's appeal was denied. She was once again enslaved.
Henrietta Wood was held in prison by Zeb Ward for seven months. He then sold her to William Pulliam [see image icon below], who then sold her to Gerard Brandon (see name below) in Mississippi, who eventually took her on to Texas, where she and other enslaved worked the fields on his plantation.
Meanwhile in Cincinnati, the will of Jane Maria Cirode was probated on January 27, 1857 [source: Ohio Wills and Probate Records, Hamilton County, Wills vol. 9-10, p. 202]. Zeb Ward continued to climb the political ladder in Frankfort and increase his wealth by leasing prisons and as a enslaver. During the Civil War, he had owned 27 enslaved people, seven or more of whom escaped to join the Union Army [more at Random Thoughts on History blog].
After 15 years or so of being enslaved, Henrietta Wood was freed around 1867; according to newspaper reports, she continued to be held in bondage even after the Ratification of the 13th Amendment in 1865, when she was about 60 years old. She returned to Cincinnati in 1869 and the following year sued Zeb Ward for $15,000 in damages for kidnapping and selling her as an enslaved person when she was actually free. Ward was then living in Little Rock, AR, where he was leasee of the Arkansas State Penitentiary. He had also leased prisoners in Tennessee.
Zebulon Ward was a former Kentucky Legislator (1861-1863), a member of the House from Woodford County. He was warden of the Kentucky Penitentiary in Frankfort from 1855-1859, replacing the previous warden by outbidding him with the promise Kentucky Penitentiary would earn $6,000 per year. He did make a profit for the prison and himself by setting quotas for all the prisoners. Those who failed to make their quota were flogged. - - [sources: Chapter VII, pp. 526-559 in Legislative Document No. 18. A Report of the History and Mode of Management of the Kentucky Penitentiary from its origin, in 1798, to March 1, 1860, prepared by William C. Sneed [online at Google Books]; Prisons: today and tomorrow, edited by A. G. Blackburn et. al., 2014, 3rd ed., p. 168; C. H. Money, "The Fugitive Slave Law in Indiana," Indiana Magazine of History, vol. 17, issue 3, pp. 257-297, online version; and One Dies, Get Another, by M. J. Mancini. See also the NKAA entry African American Shoe Makers in Kentucky Prisons, A Leading U.S. Industry].
With her return from Texas, Henrietta Wood settled in Covington, KY. In 1870, she was employed as a domestic for the family of Harvey Myers [source: 1870 U.S. Census; her age is given as 48]. Harvey Myers was a New York-born attorney. His name has not been associated wtih Henrietta Wood's case, but given all the newspaper coverage, he would definitely have been aware that his employee had a case in the federal courts. Wood's case was argued in the U.S. Circuit Court (Ohio) for eight years. In April 1878, Henrietta Wood won her case and was awarded $2,500 in damages [equivalent to $61,300 CPI 2015]. Her attorneys were Lincoln, Smith, & Stephens, and A. G. Collins. They had intended to continue fighting for a greater sum, but the final award remained at $2,500. Zeb Ward's attorneys, Hoadly, Johnson, and Colston, filed for a new trial, but it was denied. The opinion was delivered February 15, 1879: "As this judgment does not, in our opinion, conclude the plaintiff, the verdict of the jury must stand. The damages are not excessive; the motion for a new trial will be disallowed, and the judgement entered thereon in plaintiff's favor."- - [source: Henrietta Wood v. Zeb Ward.-A Famous Kidnapping Case. Estoppeled by Record. in The Internal Revenue Record and Customs Journal, vol. XXV, January-December 1879, pp. 64-66 (online at Google Books)]. For more see "An old Negro woman awarded damages in the United States Court," The Sentinel [Red Bluff, CA], 5/4/1878, p. 4; Case Number 17,966, Wood v. Ward [.pdf online at Law Resources.org] ~ 30FED.CAS.-31; Henrietta Wood v. Zeb Ward, United States Circuit Court, Southern District of Ohio, The Legal Reporter: a monthly publication of the recent and important opinions delivered by the Supreme Court of Tennessee ..., vol. II, 1878, pp. 290-296 [online at Google Books]; and many other newspaper articles throughout the United States.
** Henrietta Wood was NOT sold to Gerard Chittocque Brandon, Jr., who was twice governor of Mississippi. Governor Brandon was born in 1788 and died in 1850; Henrietta Wood was still in Cincinnati in 1850. Gerard C. Brandon, Jr. had two sons by his first wife, Margaret Chambers from Bardstown, KY. Their sons were James Chambers Brandon and Gerard Chittocque Brandon [III]. - - [added source: Brandon Family Tree in Ancestry.com].
** Gerard C. Brandon [III] is listed in the 1860 U.S. Census. He lived in Adams, MS and was a native of the state, born there in 1818, and he died in 1874. He was the husband of Charlotte Smith Hoggatt Brandon; the couple had 13 children, many of whom did not live to adulthood. One of his sons was named Gerard Charles Brandon (1849-1854). The household members, as recorded in the 1860 Census, included six children and Louisa Brandon, along with William and Rose Huney from Scotland and John Lyle, an overseer from Kentucky. Gerard C. Brandon [III] was quite wealthy in 1860; he owned $70,700 in real estate and $400,000 in his personal estate. He also owned 26 enslaved people, including four females estimated to be between 40-52 years old [source: 1860 Slave Schedule, U.S. Census]. The female enslaved were close to the age that Henrietta Wood would have been in 1860.
|
<urn:uuid:e03c1b4a-880a-4066-9190-0a516300dfc6>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/3155
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.983246 | 2,287 | 3.234375 | 3 |
Have an event we should know about? Please Contact Us
Preschooler Storytime provides a place for children to practice the storytime manners they have learned in Toddler Storytime. Children in Preschooler Storytime are expected to sit or stand still, listen to the storyteller, and practice self-control for longer periods of time than required during Toddler Storytime. Stories are longer and activities are more complex. Preschool Storytime lasts about 30 minutes and includes a simple craft.
**This program requires prior registration**
|
<urn:uuid:51030bc9-b03f-4d2d-8c50-0707fbc21621>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://northhoustonmoms.com/event/preschool-storytime-south-branch-library-2/2024-03-12/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.928998 | 108 | 2.828125 | 3 |
According to the Global Firepower ranking, the Russian army has the second-most powerful military in the world. However, soon after the invasion of Ukraine, it started to display a surprising lack of modern weapons. Instead of high-precision weaponry, Russia has been forced to deploy obsolete Soviet equipment, which poses a danger both to the locals and the soldiers themselves.
We have researched the weapons that were in Russia’s arsenal before the invasion and compared this data to over 4,000 units of destroyed Russian equipment to find out why instead of using “fifth-generation weaponry”, the Russian army is using 1960s tanks and striking shopping centres with anti-ship missiles.
Nearly six months after the war began, the Moscow region hosted the annual International Military-Technical Forum Army-2022. According to the Russian president, who was in attendance, the Russian military equipment units presented at the forum “are years, and maybe even dozens of years, ahead of their foreign analogues, and they even surpass them when it comes to tactical and technical features”.
Actually, practically all the weapons Russia has used in real combat were inherited from the Soviet Union. And both parties to the conflict — not just Ukraine — feel the consequences of that.
Indiscriminate artillery attacks from Soviet multiple rocket launchers leave ghost towns such as Mariupol, Irpin, and Pisky in their wake. Meanwhile, the faulty design of 1960s tanks means the entire crew if the machine is hit.
In late April, experts with the Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies reported that Russia had depleted its reserve of high-precision weaponry. Due to the lack of Kalibrs and Iskanders, the most modern guided missiles in Russia’s arsenal, the army has had to bomb Ukrainian cities with Soviet equipment. The outdated navigation system on this equipment regularly causes civilian deaths.
On 9 May, Russia attacked Ukraine with Soviet Kh-22 missiles for the first time. Several missiles hit a shopping centre in Odesa, causing a fire that spread over an area of 1,000 square metres. Six weeks later, Kh-22s struck another shopping centre in Kremenchuk, killing at least 20 civilians and injuring 56. The Russian Defence Ministry did not confirm the attack, claiming that the fire actually started at a nearby ammunition plant that Russia was shelling.
A shopping centre in Ukraine’s Kremenchuk following the Russian missile strike on 27 June 2022. Photo: Wikimedia
The Kh-22 missile, designed in the 1960s, is aimed to destroy US aircraft carriers. According to military analyst Pavel Luzin, using these missiles in urban settings makes it much more difficult to hone in on the target; the margin of error can sometimes reach hundreds of metres. “The Kh-22 is incredibly old. Besides, it cannot be intercepted; it’s a high-speed air-launched missile that targets ships. Hitting shopping centres with these missiles is pure terrorism,” Luzin said.
According to an anonymous US intelligence officer, the accuracy of Russian missiles is just below 40%: two to three out of every ten will either fail to launch or explode mid-flight, two more will have technical issues, and another two or three will fail to reach their targets even if they do complete the flight successfully.
Kh-22 Burya (Storm) missile. Photo: Wikimedia
Ukrainian cities also come under daily artillery attacks. At the height of the war, Russia fired as many as 60,000 shots a day. (During the Chechen wars, this number did not surpass 30,000.)
Luzin said that since the start of the war, Russia has been using “the Soviet ‘wall of fire’ tactic to force the opposing army to retreat.
The enemy has to retreat because they have nothing to defend anymore: cities are becoming ruins, all fortifications and shelters are demolished.”
But Luzin pointed out that it is unclear “what to do with this wasteland next. All other countries have now abandoned the ‘wall of fire’ tactic, remembering the horrifying consequences of WWII. But Russia doesn’t know another way: it doesn’t have any other equipment or high-precision weaponry.”
The Soviet footprint
According to the International Institute for Strategic Studies’ Military Balance Report, Russia had over 80,000 military equipment units in its arsenal in early 2022. The army keeps 65% of its equipment in storage: experts told Novaya Gazeta. Europe that many of the units kept in storage are unfit for use.
“The Russian army is powerful only on paper,” Conflict Intelligence Team (CIT) analyst Kirill Mikhailov said. “There’s a war going on, and they won’t take BMP-2s and T-72s out of storage. Why?” (BMP-2s are amphibious infantry-fighting vehicles introduced in the 1980s; T-72s are battle tanks.) “The only rational explanation is they were cannibalised — that is, dismantled for spare parts — or stolen.”
The Military Balance Report –and the estimations of Novaya Gazeta. Europe — suggest that 87% of Russian weapons are Soviet-made. Artillery is one of the oldest types of weaponry used by the Russian army. The bulk of howitzers and multiple rocket launchers were designed in the 1950s and 60s. According to Luzin, these weapons are “non-ergonomic and imprecise, with a smaller range than their Western analogues”.
“If an army has enough high-precision weapons, they can target just the one building where an enemy is located,” explained Leonid Nersisyan, military analyst at APRI Armenia. “However, if an army is conducting shelling from cannon artillery, naturally, there will be large-scale destruction.”
Data on Russian equipment losses compiled by Oryx suggests that 45% of destroyed Russian equipment was made in the USSR. Oryx has published photographs of the damaged equipment, which is how these claims can be verified even though, according to CIT expert Kirill Mikhailov, the Oryx database is only about 70% complete. There are a total of 4,214 equipment units on record.
In addition to its obsolete artillery, Russia also uses poorly-modernised armoured vehicles, which also have taken a hit during the war in Ukraine. Data from Oryx and the Military Balance suggest that the Russian army may have lost more than 15% of its modern tanks in just five months of fighting. Because of its equipment shortages, Russia has started to use T-62 tanks, which the USSR stopped producing back in the mid-1970s.
Out of 13,500 tanks used by the Russian army, only 2,500 were produced after the fall of the Soviet Union. However, even the newer tanks cannot be considered modern, experts say. “Even if you modernise a Soviet tank, it will still remain a tank from the 80s,” Luzin said. “Even if you put in a new French infra-red sight and a communications system, there won’t be a massive increase in quality. No one can make a truly modern tank, there is nowhere to make one, so the only thing that’s left is to modernise Soviet models,” Pavel Luzin says.
All newer models of Russian tanks are modernised and produced from the model of the T-72 tank, which has a design flaw that can be fatal for the crew: an unprotected cockpit. That is, when a tank is hit, its ammunition explodes, cleaving the turret off the body and killing everyone inside it.
A T-72 Ural tank. Photo: Wikimedia
“The T-72 was designed with quantity in mind, so it has a minimal number of crew members,” Luzin said. “The tank itself is small, light and primitive. They produced a thousand of them each year for a mass advance. If only a third of them reach the target, that’s okay.”
Since the 1990s, Russia has been trying to remedy this flaw with the development of a new tank, the Armata. It was first presented at the 2015 Victory Day parade, but only test units are available so far. Armata tanks are not deployed in Ukraine.
‘By 2030, there will be nothing left of the military-industrial sector’
According to various estimates, Russia spends from $200 mln to $20 bln every day on the war in Ukraine. The sunken Moskva cruiser alone cost Russia $750 mln, Forbes Ukraine reported.
The lion’s share of Russia’s military spending is devoted to high-precision missiles. By mid-July, Russia had launched 3,000 missiles on Ukrainian cities, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said. According to the Ukrainian Armed Forces, 190 of those were cruise missiles. Launching one Kalibr missile costs Russia about $750,000-$900,000. Using the more modern Kh-101 costs several times more.
Ukrainian intelligence suggests that Russia had already used about 55-60% of the high-precision weaponry it had before the start of the full-scale invasion. “In the first month, Russia launched dozens of missiles every day. Now, there are one-off strikes once a week,” Luzin said. “Ukraine sounds air-raid alerts every day, but only in areas within reach of cannon and rocket artillery. Russia has used up all the cruise missiles it produced over the past 15 years. It only makes 225 new missiles a year.”
Mikhailov echoed Luzin’s sentiment. “No one knows what will happen first: either they run out of munitions or their barrels get worn out, but sooner or later, the army will face these issues. Russia is unable to recover its losses. In 2021, 300 tanks were produced at [Russian] factories, while in the first six months of the war, Russia lost 964 tanks according to Oryx. So Russia produces four times fewer tanks a year that it has lost in six months.”
Russia suffered major losses both at the start of the invasion and at the beginning of the second stage of the war, the advance in eastern Ukraine. According to the Ukrainian Armed Forces, 25% of all equipment lost by Russia was destroyed in March, when the Ukrainian military wrecked 100 units of enemy equipment a day on average.
Now, in August, Russia’s advance has slowed: the scale of the losses is three times lower than it was before. Over the past month, Russia has not even made it six miles into Ukrainian territory. Experts do not rule out that a war of attrition or a frozen conflict could be on the horizon — though these are just two possible scenarios.
The Royal United Services Institute (UK) studied the trophy samples of 27 types of modern Russian weapons captured by Ukraine. Experts found over 450 types of imported parts produced in the US, Europe and East Asia.
Meanwhile, the Russian Defence Ministry regularly announces ambitious projects: military robots, laser weapons, hypersonic missiles. It takes dozens of years to develop modern equipment, but even Russian fifth-generation weapons turned out to be unusable in real combat.
According to our experts, the sanctions imposed by “unfriendly” states make it impossible for Russia to develop its military-industrial sector, which in many ways depends on foreign parts. “We don’t have even one type of weaponry 100% made in Russia,” Luzin said. “Even tank engines are produced at a factory that was equipped with foreign machinery during the 2011 modernisation. In two years, it will be unable to produce engines: there are no foreign parts. There is no other tank plant either. By 2030, there will be nothing left of the Russian military-industrial sector, only separate enterprises that will continue cobbling together what they still can.”
Join us in rebuilding Novaya Gazeta Europe
The Russian government has banned independent media. We were forced to leave our country in order to keep doing our job, telling our readers about what is going on Russia, Ukraine and Europe.
We will continue fighting against warfare and dictatorship. We believe that freedom of speech is the most efficient antidote against tyranny. Support us financially to help us fight for peace and freedom.
|
<urn:uuid:cc2cbf8f-a0d1-40fc-8522-d98909f1f61b>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://novayagazeta.eu/articles/2022/08/26/when-it-comes-to-weapons-age-isnt-just-a-number
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.962182 | 2,591 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Job – A Reflection from the Beginning of the Story
Job – A Reflection from the Beginning of the Story
Job’s three friends could not have been more wrong. They looked at this profoundly afflicted man and concluded that by his sin he had brought all this suffering upon himself. What other explanation could there be? But there was another explanation, one that lay at the opposite pole to the one these men so vehemently contended for. And that was Job’s piety. It was actually because he was so good, so holy, so outstanding a man of God that disaster befell him as it did.
None of this is conjecture. God could say at the outset of the story that there was no-one on earth like Job. He was blameless and upright, a man who feared God and shunned evil. The holiest man alive! Far from protecting him from suffering, however, his holiness is the very thing to which his sufferings are to be traced. God spoke warmly of Job’s piety to Satan. Satan responded by alleging that it was only skin deep and that furthermore he could prove it. If God took away from Job all the good things he had given him Job would curse God to his face. And so the whole matter was put to the test. God permitted his servant to be placed in the crucible so that the true character of his piety might be revealed.
Godliness can lead in other ways to suffering. Take, for instance, the Old Testament prophets. Why was a man like Jeremiah so often in danger of his life? Why was he cast into prison? Why, if tradition is correct, was he eventually executed? Precisely because he was so unflinchingly faithful to God.
Think about Jesus. Satan makes him his target in the wilderness, plying him with temptations. So too at other times. Why? Because of the threat that Jesus poses. He is on a divine mission and is filled with the Holy Spirit – a dangerous man indeed! Satan attacks him, therefore, in order to stop him. And Hebrews tells us that the experience was painful: ‘He suffered when he was tempted’ (Ch.2.18). Doesn’t that have many parallels? Christians who are eager and determined to serve God inevitably find themselves assaulted by the evil one, just as Jesus was, and suffering because of it.
Or let’s approach it from one further angle. John Newton once wrote a remarkable hymn entitled Prayer Answered by Crosses. It begins,
I ask’d the Lord that I might grow
In faith, and love, and every grace;
Might more of His salvation know,
And seek more earnestly his face.
Then he very movingly traces out the manner in which the Lord answered him – by affliction. It is often the way of it. The earnest believer pleads, as M’Cheyne did, that the
Lord would make him as holy as a saved sinner can be. And the Lord answers him by bringing sorrows and trials into his life.
In various different ways, then, piety can lead to suffering. And because of that we can find ourselves facing a particular temptation – the temptation to not aim high; to not aspire after and seek after and labour in prayer after the kind of piety we see in a man like Job; to settle for much less than that in the hope that it will prove less costly; to shrink back from the pursuit of eminent godliness in order to avoid the pain. Do you know something of that temptation? If so then let me give you some reasons for resisting it and for seeking earnestly to be like Job notwithstanding the cost.
There is no life more beautiful. Who are the most beautiful people on earth? Those with film-star looks? Those with the fairest faces and the finest figures? Not at all. It is those whom grace has carried furthest toward its ultimate goal – the restoration of our fallen humanity to its original splendour and perfection. That grace had made Job’s life a thing of beauty! And the more conspicuous it is in our lives the more truly beautiful those lives will be.
There is no life more useful. Job’s godliness made him a friend to the poor, a defender of the innocent, a faithful husband, an honest businessman, a just employer, and an outstanding father to his children (Chs.1&31). It made his life a blessing! It will do the same to ours. As it comes to expression in our prayers, our example, our counsel, our care for our family, our commitment to the church, in the way we conduct ourselves at work, we will be good and useful servants both of our Heavenly Master and of our fellow men.
There is no life more delightful to God. When God speaks to Satan about Job it is with very evident pleasure: ‘Have you considered my servant Job? There is no-one on earth like him…’ (Ch.1.8). As at the creation, God is looking at the work of his hands and taking delight in it. It is no different today. God continues to take pleasure in his saints. And the better, the more Christ-like, the more blameless and upright we are, the more pleasure we give him.
There is no life more worthy of God’s love to us in Christ. How often we have sung these words of Isaac Watts – ‘Love so amazing, so divine, demands my soul, my life, my all’. That is exactly what it does! There is no life more worthy of God’s love to us in Christ than a life of unreserved devotion. Let there be no shrinking back from it!
|
<urn:uuid:5e63945b-9294-427e-a9c8-05fc8809c1c3>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://npec.org.uk/301/Job-A-Reflection-from-the-Beginning-of-the-Story
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.979315 | 1,188 | 2.953125 | 3 |
Two Wild Red Wolves Found Dead in North Carolina, Reducing Population to 9 Known Wolves
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service announced that two wild-born red wolves were found dead in July; necropsy results are pending. There are currently only nine red wolves known to remain in the wild.
On July 6, USFWS biologists detected a mortality signal from a GPS collar belonging to red wolf male 2186; a search crew located his body on private lands north of Lake Mattamuskeet on the Alblemarle Peninsula in North Carolina. The next day, USFWS received information regarding a dead collared red wolf along the side of a road – the wolf was determined to be male 2044. Evidence suggests that he was killed by a vehicle.
These two deaths of wild-born red wolves follow the deaths of three captive-born red wolves released into the wild earlier this spring in an effort to bolster the dwindling wild population. The three captive-born wolves, Deven (M2236), F2310, and F2216, were presumably also killed by vehicle strikes, highlighting a significant threat to red wolf recovery.
Four captive-born red wolf pups were cross-fostered into the den of a wild red wolf mother but they won’t contribute to the overall population count until they reach one year of age.
Red wolves (Canis rufus) are protected as an endangered species under the Endangered Species Act and are classified as “critically endangered” on the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s (IUCN) Red List. As of July 2021, there are currently 9 known to remain in the wild in North Carolina.
|
<urn:uuid:1ae71493-d791-435d-8e9c-62fe30ae4689>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://nywolf.org/2021/07/two-wild-red-wolves-found-dead-in-north-carolina-reducing-population-to-9-known-wolves/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.963359 | 349 | 2.734375 | 3 |
The Pamphlet Collection of Sir Robert Stout: Volume 6
1. Elapidæ; or Elapides. — Diemenia. Gray. — Diemenia psammophis. Schleg. — The Grey Snake
1. Elapidæ; or Elapides.
Diemenia psammophis. Schleg.
The Grey Snake.
The present species has been described by Dr. Günther as D. reticulata, under which name I have frequently alluded to it. It appears, however, that the snake to which Günther refers in his Cat. of Colubrine Snakes, when quoting Schlegel's figure (Abbildungen Tab. 46, No. 14), is that author's D. psammophis, which name has the priority, and ought to be adopted instead of, D. reticulata. The coloration is a uniform grey above, and greenish below, the central part of the ventrals being conspicuously marked with green; tips of scales and skin between them, black; and of tail, salmon colour; a yellowish dark edged streak crossing the rostral shield. The eye is encircled first by a black and then by a yellowish line, both ending in a point below the orbit.
The present species is found in nearly every part of Australia, the extreme North and South excepted. I have taken it eight years ago on the Murray and Darling, and since then specimens have come to hand from Brisbane, Port Curtis, and Rock-hampton. All these snakes differ no more from those of Sydney than these do amongst themselves. Much dependence can never be placed upon coloration as a distinguishing character in snakes, as in this no two reptiles vary so much as a snake about to shed its skin differs from itself after this operation has been successfully performed. I believe the present species to be the most common in our neighbourhood.
It frequents sandy localities, feeds on insects, small frogs, lizards, &c., and its bite does not cause any more irritation than the sting of a bee; from 15 to 20 eggs are deposited by the page 43 female under stones exposed to the sun, generally in the beginning of December, and perhaps earlier, as I have on more than one occasion taken the young snakes at the end of that month and in the beginning of January. This reptile is generally found from two to three feet in length, very rarely exceeding four feet. During the cold season the grey snake retires under flat stones exposed to the sun; it very seldom, if ever, goes into the ground; it is very sensitive to cold, and the least frost suffices to destroy it. I have found sometimes five and more of these reptiles under the same stone.
|
<urn:uuid:9b67fc28-e3c1-48d8-af3b-1d13464e0299>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-Stout06-t18-body-d2-d2-d1.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.964397 | 575 | 2.59375 | 3 |
The most likely cause of death would be a crash landing.
When geese come in for a landing after a long flight they are exhausted and look for lakes or ponds to land on because they can glide in onto the water and come to an easy stop without much effort. For geese to land on solid ground they have to slow their speed significantly and flap a bunch before touching down or they can seriously hurt themselves. One ice geese will tend to ski out the landings a bit because they know the ice is slippery, but they still slow themselves down quite a bit before touching down.
It can be hard for geese sometimes to distinguish between a nice soft liquid lake, and frozen ice depending on the clarity of the ice when it freezes. Geese are not unaccustomed to landing on ice, but when they do they typically slow down more than they would when landing on water and ski out the landing. Tired geese are known to have rough landings every once and a while, even on water, but if they have one flying in on a frozen lake expecting it to be water, and land hard, it can sometimes result in injury, leading to death.
This is the same reason why you'll occasionally find dead geese on football fields that have blue artificial turf. They mistake the turf for a lake and come in for a rough landing.
So the most likely reason your goose is dead could be a crash landing, resulting in an injury that prevented the goose from escaping the freezing cold, which led to the goose's eventual death by exposure and freezing to the ice.
|
<urn:uuid:58093661-1b2b-4822-b4f6-bcabd4710497>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://outdoors.stackexchange.com/questions/18098/dead-canada-goose-stuck-frozen-to-top-of-lake
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.968286 | 322 | 2.609375 | 3 |
|Missing In Action (MIA)||Prisoners Of War (POW)||Unexploded Ordnance (UXO)|
|Chronology||Locations||Aircraft||Ships||Submit Info||How You Can Help||Donate|
December 11, 1942
Justin Taylan 2003
Buna Airfield was located southeast of Buna near the north coast of New Guinea. Also known as "Old Strip" after the Japanese began construction of Buna Airfield "New Strip" nearby. Prewar and during the Pacific War located in the Northern District of Territory of Papua. Today located in Oro Bay Rural LLG, Ijivitari District of Oro Province in Papua New Guinea (PNG).
Built prewar as a single runway surfaced with grass for use as an emergency airfield. By 1942, this runway was in a neglected condition. By the middle of 1942, the Allies acknowledged the need for an airfield in the Buna area. Concurrently, the plans for the Japanese landing in the vicinity planned to occupy and expand the prewar airfield for military use.
As of July 1942, Theater plan "Tulsa" called for an Allied airfield to be established for military aircraft at Buna. On July 9, 1942 an Allied reconnaissance was scheduled of the area. Two days later on July 11, 1942 a Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) PBY Catalina overflew area. Aboard were six officers including Lt. Col. Bernard L. Robinson, ranking U.S. Army engineering officer at Port Moresby, Lt. Col. Boyd D. Wagner, C.O., 8th Fighter Group (8th FG), Colonel Yoder and three Australian officers. Examining the terrain of the entire area, they determined that kunai plains area at Dobodura should developed instead of Buna Airfield.
On July 21, 1942 the Japanese Army landed at Gona and occupied the Buna area. Immediately, the Japanese began expanding the prewar runway for military use. They constructed aircraft revetments (entai-gou) and anti-aircraft gun emplacements. By early August 1942, Buna Airfield was ready for use as a forward airfield.
On August 14, 1942 three A6M3 Model 32 Zeros from the Tainan Kōkūtai (Tainan Air Group) piloted by 2nd Shotai: Lt(jg) Takeyoshi Ono, FPO1c Sadao Yamashita, FPO3c Masami Arai landed at Buna Airfield. At 7:35 they took off to intercept and shot down B-17E "Chief Seattle" 41-2656. During the attack, Lt(jg) Takeyoshi Ono's Zero was damaged by defensive fire from the bomber.
On August 22, 1942 a detachment of A6M3 Zeros from the 2nd Kōkūtai (2nd Air Group) and Tainan Kōkūtai based at Lakunai Airfield land at Buna Airfield. On August 24, 1942 eight D3A1 Val dive bombers from the 2nd Kōkūtai Bomber Buntai led by Lt Fumito Inoue arrived at Buna Airfield.
On September 3, 1942 A6M3 Zeros from the 2nd Kōkūtai and Tainan Kōkūtai took off from Buna Airfield escort a Japanese convoy from Rabaul bound for Buna as it nears the north coast of New Guinea.
Japanese units based at Buna Airfield
2nd Kōkūtai (A6M3 Zero buntaï) Lakunai arrives August 22, 1942–September 8, 1942 departs Lae
2nd Kōkūtai (D3A2 Val buntai) Lakunai arrives August 24, 1942–August 28, 1942 departs Lae
Tainan Kokutai (A6M3 Zero buntaï) Lakunai / Lae arrives August 22 1942–September 1942 departs Lae
47th Anti-Aircraft Unit
After the Japanese occupied the area, Buna Airfield was targeted by Allied bombers and fighters from Port Moresby. Buna Airfield was only used for roughly two weeks in late August 1942 before Allied bombing and strafing made it untenable and too vulnerable to base aircraft.
By August 28, 1942 the remaining D3A Val dive bombers were withdrawn. In the afternoon of September 8, 1942 the remaining A6M3 Zeros from the 2nd Kōkūtai were withdrawn to Lae Airfield. Afterwards, Japanese anti-aircraft guns continued to defend the airspace around Buna Airfield. Abandoned and wrecked aircraft along the runway repeatedly strafed and bombed by the Allies, believing they were active aircraft.
Allied missions against Buna Airfield
July 23, 1942–January 23, 1943
By late 1942, the had pushed the Japanese Army back to the north coast of New Guinea. To defend the Buna area, the Japanese Army constructed fortifications around Buna Airfield, including trenches and bunkers. During the ground battle, the remaining anti-aircraft guns were used to fire against ground targets.
Buna Airfield Battlefield
During the Battle of Buna, the Buna Airfield area became a battlefield during the battle of Buna. By nightfall the Australian Army 2/10th held about one third of Old Strip. On December 24, 1942 the 2/10th was ordered to continue the advance along the Old Strip supported by four M3 Stuart tanks. The attack began at 9.30 am with the tanks spaced at intervals of fifty yards, the Australians astride Old Strip and an American battalion on the left flank.
M3 Stuart tanks and infantry advanced steadily for half an hour until a concealed Japanese 75mm Type 88 anti-aircraft gun opened fire at short range and knocked out the four tanks in quick succession. The infantry came under heavy fire but at the end of the day only 500 to 700 yards had been gained. Little progress was made on the next two days. The Australian Army 2/10th companies attacking were no larger than platoon strength due to their losses and were frequently subjected to counter attacks.
Captured Japanese aircraft at Buna Airfield
By December 27, 1942 Buna Airfield was finally captured. At Buna Airfield, at least fifteen A6M Zeros plus two G6M1-L2 Betty and at least one D3A1 Val were captured, including two relatively intact aircraft: A6M3 Zero 3028 and A6M3 Zero 3030.
Japanese aircraft captured at Buna Airfield
Listing of aircraft captured on December 27, 1942
After the battle, the best Zeros, engines and parts were transported to the beach, loaded onto barges and shipped to Milne Bay then Brisbane for technical evaluation at Eagle Farm Airfield. From the wreckage recovered a A6M3 Hamp (Hybrid) was restored and test flown. The other wrecks were abandoned and Allied troops cut pieces out as souvenirs.
Afterwards, Buna Airfield was never used by the Allies as a military airfield and was abandoned.
The former airfield is overgrown and disused since the war. No aircraft have used the airfield since. Many overgrown bunkers, trenches and gun pits remain in the area overgrown with kunai grass.
Japanese Type 3 (1914) 76.2 mm Naval Gun
Remains at the airfield.
Japanese Type 3 (1914) 76.2 mm Naval Gun
Recovered for Nimitz Museum in 1973
General Stuart M3 Tank Hull Number 2017
Hit by 76.2mm anti-aircraft gun recovered for Nimitz Museum in 1973
Kodochosho, Tainan Kōkūtai, August 14, 1942
AAF, SWPA Intel. Sum. No. 144, 6 Oct 43
"A total of fifteen A6M3 Zero (Hamps) in various conditions were noted at the strip: 3020, 3021, 3028, 3031, 3032, 3036, 3043, 3044 and two without numbers. Plus two [G6M1-L2] Betty bomber wrecks."
US Army in WWII: Victory in Papua, Chapter IV, pages 50-53
Thanks to Richard Dunn and Edward Rogers for additional information
|Discussion Forum||Daily Updates||Reviews||Museums||Interviews & Oral Histories|
|
<urn:uuid:7b36bafe-b91b-4f82-8218-da71378ba42d>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://pacificwrecks.com/airfields/png/buna/index.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.965425 | 1,792 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Hamsters, like any other living creatures, require a balanced and nutritious diet to thrive. Providing your furry friend with a healthy diet is essential for their overall well-being and longevity. In this article, we will explore the components of a healthy diet for hamsters, including commercial food, fresh fruits and vegetables, protein sources, hydration, treats, and creating a balanced diet plan.
Hamsters are small, adorable rodents that make popular pets. To ensure they lead a healthy and happy life, it is crucial to pay attention to their diet. A healthy diet plays a significant role in maintaining their immune system, promoting growth, and preventing various health issues.
Understanding the nutritional needs of hamsters
The digestive system of hamsters
Hamsters have a unique digestive system that is optimized for their natural diet. They are omnivores but primarily herbivorous in nature. Their digestive tract is shorter compared to other animals, and they have a large cecum that helps break down and ferment fibrous foods.
Key nutrients required by hamsters
Hamsters require a well-balanced diet that includes carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. A deficiency in any of these nutrients can lead to various health problems. It is important to provide a variety of foods to meet their nutritional needs adequately.
Commercial hamster food
Choosing the right commercial food
When selecting commercial food for your hamster, opt for high-quality brands that are specifically formulated for hamsters. Look for options that contain a mix of seeds, grains, and pellets to provide a diverse range of nutrients. Avoid options that have excessive amounts of fillers and artificial additives.
Reading and understanding food labels
Take the time to read and understand the labels on commercial hamster food. Look for ingredients such as whole grains, vegetables, and fruits. Avoid foods that contain excessive amounts of sugar, salt, or preservatives. Ensure that the food has a proper balance of protein, fat, and fiber.
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Safe fruits and vegetables for hamsters
Fresh fruits and vegetables are a great addition to a hamster’s diet. However, not all fruits and vegetables are safe for them. Some safe options include apples, carrots, cucumbers, broccoli, and leafy greens. It is important to introduce new foods gradually and observe any adverse reactions.
Appropriate serving sizes
While fruits and vegetables are beneficial, they should be given in moderation. Hamsters have small stomachs and can only consume a limited amount of fresh produce. A small piece of fruit or a few small vegetable slices once or twice a week is sufficient.
Protein sources for hamsters
High-quality protein options
Protein is essential for hamsters’ growth, muscle development, and overall health. Good sources of protein for hamsters include cooked eggs, lean meats, and insects like mealworms or crickets. These protein sources should be offered in small amounts and as occasional treats.
Avoiding excessive protein intake
While protein is necessary, it is important to avoid excessive intake. High levels of protein can strain the kidneys and lead to health issues. Consult a veterinarian to determine the appropriate amount of protein for your hamster’s specific needs.
Hydration and water needs
Providing fresh water daily
Water is vital for maintaining proper hydration and ensuring the overall well-being of your hamster. Clean and fresh water should be provided daily in a water bottle or a shallow dish. Check the water supply regularly to ensure it is not contaminated or empty.
Water bottle vs. water dish
Both water bottles and water dishes have their advantages and disadvantages. Water bottles are less likely to become contaminated, while water dishes provide a more natural drinking experience for hamsters. Monitor your hamster’s preference and ensure they have access to clean water in their preferred form.
Treats and occasional foods
Healthy treats for hamsters
Treats are a great way to provide variety and enrichment for your hamster. Opt for healthy options such as small pieces of fresh fruits or vegetables, whole grains, or specially made hamster treats available in pet stores. Avoid sugary treats or foods that are high in fat.
Limiting treats to maintain a balanced diet
While treats are enjoyable for hamsters, they should be given sparingly. Excessive treats can lead to weight gain and nutritional imbalances. Treats should make up no more than 10% of their overall diet.
Creating a balanced diet plan
Proportion of commercial food, fresh produce, and protein sources
A balanced diet plan for hamsters typically consists of 80% commercial food, 15% fresh fruits and vegetables, and 5% protein sources. Adjust these proportions based on your hamster’s specific needs, age, and activity level. Regularly monitor their weight and overall health to make any necessary adjustments.
Daily feeding schedule
Establish a consistent daily feeding schedule for your hamster. Divide their food into small portions to be given throughout the day. This helps mimic their natural foraging behavior and prevents overeating.
Signs of an unhealthy diet
Common diet-related health issues in hamsters
An unhealthy diet can lead to various health problems in hamsters. Some common signs of an inadequate diet include obesity, malnutrition, dental issues, digestive problems, and a weakened immune system. If you notice any unusual symptoms, consult a veterinarian for proper diagnosis and guidance.
Seeking veterinary advice
If you are unsure about your hamster’s dietary needs or have concerns about their health, it is always best to consult a veterinarian who specializes in exotic pets. They can provide tailored advice and recommendations based on your hamster’s specific requirements.
A healthy diet is crucial for the well-being of your hamster. By providing a balanced diet that includes commercial food, fresh fruits and vegetables, protein sources, and proper hydration, you can ensure your hamster lives a long and healthy life. Remember to monitor their weight, observe any changes in behavior, and seek veterinary advice when needed.
Can hamsters eat all types of fruits and vegetables? Hamsters can eat many fruits and vegetables, but not all are safe for them. Some may be toxic or cause digestive issues. Stick to safe options like apples, carrots, and leafy greens.
Is it necessary to provide both commercial food and fresh produce? Yes, a combination of commercial food and fresh produce ensures a well-rounded diet for your hamster, providing them with a variety of essential nutrients.
How often should I give my hamster treats? Treats should be given sparingly, no more than 10% of their overall diet. Too many treats can lead to weight gain and health problems.
Can hamsters drink tap water? It is generally safe for hamsters to drink tap water if it is free from contaminants like chlorine or heavy metals. However, using filtered or bottled water is a safer option.
What are the signs of an unhealthy diet in hamsters? Signs of an unhealthy diet may include weight gain or loss, dull coat, dental issues, digestive problems, and a weakened immune system. If you notice any of these signs, consult a veterinarian.
|
<urn:uuid:b2b3363a-b845-458c-8644-94df0556a36c>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://petme.social/diet-for-hamsters/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.936282 | 1,466 | 3.078125 | 3 |
We are currently studying general relativity in school and also had a brief look at gravitational lensing. My teacher gave us the angle of deflection between the apparent location of a star and its actual location (as seen on picture) to be
theta = 1.75" R/d where R is the radius of the object and d is the distance at which the light beam passes the massive object.
Our teacher was not very clear on where this is applicable and showed no derivation.
The equation does not contain mass or density as a variable which irritates me. Does this mean that the formula only works for a specific stellar object (e.g. Is it tailored to the sun's lensing or does it work for a different object as well?)
Could it also be that R and d are different variables than what I have mentioned?
|
<urn:uuid:89270f0d-5cd3-4444-9ee9-b767faf03dd0>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/232093/angle-of-deflection-in-gravitational-lensing
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.979806 | 172 | 3.234375 | 3 |
Color Coded with 3 Ledger Lines. 2nd page can be printed normal or can also be printed with transparency paper so you can see through the notes when teaching.
A quick worksheet for students to write down both fingerings and scales as well as the triads ( root, 1st and 2nd inversion ).
Here is concise worksheet to work on major and minor key signatures, building an octave and intervals.
Very quick worksheet for reviewing major and minor key.
|
<urn:uuid:63f6751d-019e-43af-9c47-c5ccdda1d8b7>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://piano4specialneeds.com/printables/worksheets/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.94791 | 100 | 2.59375 | 3 |
This image has format transparent PNG with resolution 600x117.
You can download this image in best resolution from this page and use it for design and web design.
Good morning PNG with transparent background you can download for free, just click on download button.
Greeting is an act of communication in which human beings intentionally make their presence known to each other, to show attention to, and to suggest a type of relationship (usually cordial) or social status (formal or informal) between individuals or groups of people coming in contact with each other. Greetings are sometimes used just prior to a conversation or to greet in passing, such as on a sidewalk or trail. While greeting customs are highly culture- and situation-specific and may change within a culture depending on social status and relationship, they exist in all known human cultures. Greetings can be expressed both audibly and physically, and often involve a combination of the two. This topic excludes military and ceremonial salutes but includes rituals other than gestures. A greeting, or salutation, can also be expressed in written communications, such as letters and emails.
Some epochs and cultures have had very elaborate greeting rituals, e.g. greeting a sovereign. Conversely, secret societies have often furtive or arcane greeting gestures and rituals, such as a secret handshake, which allows members to recognize each other.
In some languages and cultures, the same word or gesture is used as both greeting and farewell. Examples are "Good day" in English, "Sat Shri Akaal" in Punjabi, "As-Salamualaikum" in Arabic, "Aloha" in Hawaiian, "Shalom" in Hebrew, "Namaste" in Hindi and "Ciao" in Italian. The bow and handshake are also used for both greeting and leave-taking.
In this clipart you can download free PNG images: Good morning PNG images free download
|
<urn:uuid:47a88cfa-f895-4fc0-b331-cc9ea2b0f159>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://pngimg.com/image/87159
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.939744 | 393 | 2.90625 | 3 |
How Google retains data we collect
Some data you can delete whenever you like, some data is deleted automatically, and some data we retain for longer periods of time when necessary. When you delete data, we follow a deletion policy to make sure that your data is safely and completely removed from our servers or retained only in anonymized form. How Google anonymizes data
Information retained until you remove it
We offer a range of services that allow you to correct or delete data stored in your Google Account. For example, you can:
- Edit your personal info
- Delete items from My Activity
- Delete content like photos and documents
- Remove a product from your Google Account
- Delete your Google Account entirely
We’ll keep this data in your Google Account until you choose to remove it. And if you use our services without signing in to a Google Account, we also offer you the ability to delete some information linked to what you use to access our services, like a device, browser or app.
Data that expires after a specific period of time
In some cases, rather than provide a way to delete data, we store it for a predetermined period of time. For each type of data, we set retention timeframes based on the reason for its collection. For example, to ensure that our services display properly on many different types of devices, we may retain browser width and height for up to 9 months. We also take steps to anonymize or pseudonymize certain data within set time periods. For example, we anonymize advertising data in server logs by removing part of the IP address after 9 months and cookie information after 18 months. We may also retain pseudonymized data, such as queries that have been disconnected from users’ Google Accounts, for a set period of time.
Information retained until your Google Account is deleted
We keep some data for the life of your Google Account if it’s useful for helping us understand how users interact with our features and how we can improve our services. For example, if you delete an address you've searched for in Google Maps, your account may still store that you've used the directions feature. That way, Google Maps can avoid showing you how to use the directions feature in the future.
Information retained for extended time periods for limited purposes
Sometimes business and legal requirements oblige us to retain certain information, for specific purposes, for an extended period of time. For example, when Google processes a payment for you, or when you make a payment to Google, we’ll retain this data for longer periods of time as required for tax or accounting purposes. Reasons we might retain some data for longer periods of time include:
- Security, fraud & abuse prevention
- Financial record-keeping
- Complying with legal or regulatory requirements
- Ensuring the continuity of our services
- Direct communications with Google
Enabling safe and complete deletion
When you delete data in your Google account, we immediately start the process of removing it from the product and our systems. First, we aim to immediately remove it from view and the data may no longer be used to personalize your Google experience. For example, if you delete a video you watched from your My Activity dashboard, YouTube will immediately stop showing your watch progress for that video.
We then begin a process designed to safely and completely delete the data from our storage systems. Safe deletion is important to protect our users and customers from accidental data loss. Complete deletion of data from our servers is equally important for users’ peace of mind. This process generally takes around 2 months from the time of deletion. This often includes up to a month-long recovery period in case the data was removed unintentionally.
Each Google storage system from which data gets deleted has its own detailed process for safe and complete deletion. This might involve repeated passes through the system to confirm all data has been deleted, or brief delays to allow for recovery from mistakes. As a result, deletion could sometimes take longer when extra time is needed to safely and completely delete the data.
Our services also use encrypted backup storage as another layer of protection to help recover from potential disasters. Data can remain on these systems for up to 6 months.
As with any deletion process, things like routine maintenance, unexpected outages, bugs, or failures in our protocols may cause delays in the processes and timeframes defined in this article. We maintain systems designed to detect and remediate such issues.
Security, fraud & abuse prevention
To protect you, other people, and Google from fraud, abuse, and unauthorized access.
For example, when Google suspects someone is committing ad fraud.
When Google is a party to a financial transaction, including when Google processes your payment or when you make a payment to Google. Lengthy retention of this information is often required for purposes such as accounting, dispute resolution and compliance with tax, escheatment, anti-money laundering, and other financial regulations.
Complying with legal or regulatory requirements
To meet any applicable law, regulation, legal process or enforceable governmental request, or is required to enforce applicable Terms of Service, including investigation of potential violations.
For example, if Google receives a lawful subpoena.
Ensuring the continuity of our services
To ensure continuity of service for you and other users.
For example, when you share information with other users (such as when you have sent an email to someone else), deleting it from your Google Account will not eliminate copies maintained by the recipients.
Direct communications with Google
If you have directly communicated with Google, through a customer support channel, feedback form, or a bug report, Google may retain reasonable records of those communications.
For example, when you send feedback within a Google app like GMail or Drive.
|
<urn:uuid:a83f07c2-b2f6-4243-95da-b670720aac87>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://policies.google.com/technologies/retention?hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj-wbe9j_L3AhVIwbMKHQjLDy0QxeQFegQIABAM
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.924475 | 1,169 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Select one of the case studies below, and include discussion of your strategy for winning the patients cooperation while teaching concepts concerning pathological states to them and their families.
- Make sure all of the topics in the case study have been addressed. Must be 4 full pages long, double spaced, not including Title page and references.
- Cite at least three sources; journal articles, textbooks or evidenced-based websites to support the content.
- All sources must be within five years.
- Do not use .com, Wikipedia, or up-to-date, etc., for your sources.
Case Study 1
Concepts of Altered Health in Older Adults
Joseph P. is an 82-year-old male living at home. He is in overall good health and enjoys taking long walks as often as possible. During his walks, he likes to stop for a cold glass of fruit juice at the local cafeteria. On cold or rainy days, he rides a stationary bicycle at home for 30 minutes to stay in good shape.
- What physiological factors would typically increase Josephs risk of falling while walking outdoors?
- What are the common changes in blood pressure regulation that occurs with aging?
- Joseph enjoys fruit juice when he walks. Considering the renal system in the older adult, why would dehydration be a particular concern?
Case Study 2
Structure and Function of the Kidney
Rivka is an active 21-year-old who decided to take a day off from her university classes. The weather was hot and the sun bright, so she decided to go down to the beach. When she arrived, she found a few people playing beach volleyball, and they asked if she wanted to join in. She put down her school bag and began to play. The others were well prepared for their day out and stopped throughout the game to have their power drinks and soda pop. Several hours after they began to play, however, Rivka was not feeling so good. She stopped sweating and was feeling dizzy. One player noted she had not taken a washroom break at all during the day. They found a shaded area for her, and one of the players shared his power drink with her. Rivka was thirstier than she realized and quickly finished the drink.
- In pronounced dehydration, hypotension can occur. How would this affect the glomerular filtration rate of the kidney? What actions by the juxtaglomerular apparatus would occur to restore GFR?
- What is the effect aldosterone has on the distal convoluted tubule? Why would the actions of aldosterone be useful to Rivka in her situation?
- What does a specific gravity test measure? If someone tested the specific gravity of Rivkas urine, what might it indicate?
|
<urn:uuid:e7655097-c28f-45d2-963e-d24cc22e7f81>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://pro.essaywriter24x7.com/2023/05/23/your-strategy-for-winning-the-patients-cooperation-while-teaching-concepts-concerning-pathological-states/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.979227 | 567 | 2.8125 | 3 |
We introduce the Into Math Graph tool, which students use to graph how “into" mathematics they are over time. Using this tool can help teachers foster conversations with students and design experiences that focus on engagement from the student’s perspective.
Student Engagement with the “Into Math Graph" Tool
Amanda K. Riske, Catherine E. Cullicott, Amanda Mohammad Mirzaei, Amanda Jansen, and James Middleton
A series of tasks encourage students to reflect on the reasonableness of their number sense and use benchmarks to refine their estimations.
Technology Helps Students Transcend Part-Whole Concepts
Anderson Norton, Jesse L. M. Wilkins, Michael A. Evans, Kirby Deater-Deckard, Osman Balci, and Mido Chang
Explore a new app that allows students to develop a more sophisticated understanding of fractions.
Abby and the number line
Kurt J. Rosenkrantz
Students say some amazing things. Back Talk highlights the learning of one or two students and their approach to solving a math problem or prompt. Each article includes the prompt used to initiate the discussion, a portion of dialogue, student work samples (when applicable) and teacher insights into the mathematical thinking of the students. In this month's episode, a six-year-old rising first grader uses a computer simulation to understand addition and subtraction on the number line.
Modeling 10-ness using Tech-knowledgy
Jennifer Suh and Padmanabhan Seshaiyer
Foundational in understanding place value and our decimal number system, this concept is explored through a practiced-based activity designed to develop teachers' technology knowledge for teaching mathematics. The activity focuses on number sense using online applets and various related models and representations.
|
<urn:uuid:571e2f54-6bbe-4cd9-8339-66417ab880f9>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://pubs.nctm.org/browse?access=all&pageSize=10&sort=datedescending&t=number&t_0=technology_5&t_1=grades_6-8&t_4=math-topic
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.880057 | 369 | 3.265625 | 3 |
Table of Contents
Do elk live in grasslands?
The tule elk (Cervus canadensis nannodes) is a subspecies of elk found only in California, ranging from the grasslands and marshlands of the Central Valley to the grassy hills on the coast.
What animal live in the grassland?
Grassland ecosystems have a variety of large and diverse animals. Giraffes, African elephants, bison, black rhinoceros, black-footed ferrets, brown hyenas, lions and ostriches are all examples of the types of larger animals that inhabit grasslands.
Where are elk located?
Population Distribution Elk were once found across much of North America but they were killed off and driven to take refuge in more remote locations. Today they live primarily in western North America, especially in mountainous landscapes such as Wyoming’s National Elk Refuge and Yellowstone National Park.
Are deer found in grasslands?
Deer are found in many different ecosystems. They live in wetlands, deciduous forests, grasslands, rain forests, arid scrublands and mountains.
Are elk and moose the same thing?
Elk is the same species as Moose, Alces alces. In North America another member of the Deer family, the Wapiti, is often referred to as Elk. So, the Swedish Älg is called Moose in American English and an Elk in British English. Yes, it is the same species!
What biome do elk live in?
Elk can be found in coniferous swamps, clear cuts, aspen-hardwood forests, and coniferous-hardwood forests. They are found through a wide range of elevations, typically from sea level to 3000 m, although they can also occur at higher elevations.
What predators are in grasslands?
Carnivorous predators inhabit grasslands in high numbers. Jaguars, Sumatran and Malayan tigers, lions, leopards, hyenas, cheetahs, African wild dogs, wolves and coyotes all patrol in search of grazing and roaming prey.
What are 10 animals that live in the grassland?
Here are our top 10 wildlife species that rely on grasslands:
- Long-billed Curlew (Numenius americanus)
- African Elephant (Loxodonta africana)
- Black-Footed Ferret (Mustela nigripes)
- Plains Zebra (Equus quagga)
- Pronghorn (Antilocapra americana)
- Przewalski’s horse (Equus ferus przewalskii)
- Swift Fox (Vulpes velox)
Where are elk in the USA?
Elk in the United States Significant populations are found in Washington, Oregon, California, Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Nevada, Colorado, Utah, Arizona and New Mexico, such as in Yellowstone National Park and the Wyoming National Elk Refuge.
Are there elk in New York?
There are currently an estimated 1,000 elk in the state. In New York, a 1998 study on the feasibility of restoring elk to the Empire State landscape pointed to several potential stumbling blocks, notably elk-vehicle encounters and conflicts in agricultural areas, according to a story posted on outdoornews.com.
What predators are in the grassland?
Who are predators in grassland habitat?
Grassland Predators Wolves, coyotes, swift foxes, leopards, hyenas, badgers and snakes represent the abundance of predators that seek out squirrels, mice, moles, rats, gophers, worms, termites and beetles for food, as well as bigger predators such as lions, cheetahs and hyenas which feed on grazing animals.
|
<urn:uuid:4fd38123-1d3e-42e7-9545-95f2b5248e7a>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://quick-advices.com/do-elk-live-in-grasslands/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.910553 | 803 | 3.375 | 3 |
Table of Contents
- 1 What percentage of the US population is over 100?
- 2 How many centenarians are there in the United States in 2021?
- 3 What is the age breakdown of the US population?
- 4 What are the odds of living to 110?
- 5 Which state has the most centenarians?
- 6 How many US citizens are there?
- 7 What is the largest age group in us?
- 8 What will the population be in 2021?
What percentage of the US population is over 100?
However, living to the age of 100 remains a remarkable and somewhat rare feat. Individuals aged 100 or older, referred to as centenarians, make up less than one percent of the U.S. population.
How many centenarians are there in the United States in 2021?
The US is home to 97,000 centenarians; the highest absolute number in the world. Japan has the highest rate of centenarians, with 0.06% of the population aged 100 or older. Kane Tanaka, the world’s oldest woman, also lives in Japan and is 117 years old.
How many elderly are in the US 2020?
Today, there are more than 46 million older adults age 65 and older living in the U.S.; by 2050, that number is expected to grow to almost 90 million. Between 2020 and 2030 alone, the time the last of the baby boom cohorts reach age 65, the number of older adults is projected to increase by almost 18 million.
What is the age breakdown of the US population?
In 2020, about 18.37 percent of the U.S. population fell into the 0-14 year category, 65 percent into the 15-64 age group and 16.63 percent of the population were over 65 years of age. The United States of America is one of the most populated countries in the world, trailing just behind China and India.
What are the odds of living to 110?
A supercentenarian (sometimes hyphenated as super-centenarian) is someone who has reached the age of 110. This age is achieved by about one in 1,000 centenarians.
How many 105 year olds are there in the world?
Current incidences. The United Nations predicts that there are 573,000 centenarians currently, almost quadruple the 151,000 suggested in the year 2000.
Which state has the most centenarians?
States with the largest populations generally have the most centenarians. California has the largest number of centenarians (5,921), followed by New York (4,605), Florida (4,090), and Texas (2,917). Alaska has the fewest residents age 100 and older (40).
How many US citizens are there?
the United States 2020 population is estimated at 331,002,651 people at mid year according to UN data. the United States population is equivalent to 4.25% of the total world population. the U.S.A. ranks number 3 in the list of countries (and dependencies) by population.
What state has the oldest population in the United States?
States Ranked by Percent of Population Age 65 or Older, 2018
|Rank||State||Population Ages 65+ (thousands)|
What is the largest age group in us?
aged 25 to 29
Population of the United States by sex and age 2020 The estimated population of the U.S. was approximately 329.48 million in 2021, and the largest age group was adults aged 25 to 29. There were 11.88 million males in this age category and around 11.36 million females.
What will the population be in 2021?
By 2030, the population will exceed 8 billion….World Population Clock.
|World Population (as of 11/14/2021)||7,904,960,618|
|Last UN Estimate (July 1, 2021)||7,874,965,825|
|Births per Day||382,865|
|Deaths per Day||163,925|
|Net Change per Day||218,940|
|
<urn:uuid:53c56e71-d42a-4baf-9af7-54efffde7750>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://quick-advices.com/what-percentage-of-the-us-population-is-over-100/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.929406 | 863 | 2.765625 | 3 |
In today’s competitive educational landscape, scholarships play a crucial role in helping students pursue their dreams without the burden of overwhelming financial constraints. Scholarships provide opportunities for deserving individuals to access quality education and realize their full potential. In this comprehensive overview, we will explore the meaning of scholarships, understand their importance, delve into different types of scholarships, learn about the application process, discuss tips for winning scholarships, examine the benefits they offer, and consider some challenges and considerations. Let’s embark on a journey to uncover the world of scholarships.
What Are Scholarships?
Scholarships are financial awards given to students to support their educational pursuits. They are typically provided by educational institutions, organizations, foundations, or individual sponsors who recognize and value academic achievements, talents, or unique qualities in students. Scholarships serve as a means to invest in the potential of individuals, enabling them to pursue their educational goals and contribute to society.
Importance of Scholarships
Scholarships hold immense importance in several ways:
Access to Education
One of the primary reasons scholarships are crucial is that they provide access to education. They remove financial barriers that might otherwise prevent deserving students from pursuing higher education. Scholarships make education more inclusive and ensure that talented individuals, regardless of their economic backgrounds, have the opportunity to excel academically.
Scholarships provide much-needed financial assistance to students. By covering tuition fees, textbooks, and other educational expenses, scholarships help alleviate the financial burden on students and their families. They reduce the reliance on student loans and allow students to focus on their studies without the constant worry of accumulating debt.
Recognition and Encouragement
Scholarships recognize and celebrate the achievements, talents, and potential of students. By receiving a scholarship, students gain affirmation of their hard work, dedication, and academic excellence. This recognition boosts their self-confidence and motivates them to continue striving for success.
Nurturing Talent and Diversity
Scholarships encourage and nurture talent in various fields. They provide opportunities for students with exceptional abilities in academics, arts, sports, or other domains to pursue their passions. Additionally, scholarships targeted at underrepresented groups promote diversity and inclusivity in education, fostering a more equitable society.
Types of Scholarships
Scholarships come in various forms, each with its own eligibility criteria and focus. Some common types of scholarships include:
Merit-based scholarships are awarded based on academic achievements, such as high grades, standardized test scores, or exceptional performance in a specific subject. These scholarships recognize students for their intellectual abilities, dedication, and commitment to academic excellence.
Need-based scholarships consider an applicant’s financial circumstances when determining eligibility. They aim to assist students from low-income backgrounds who may not have the financial means to pursue higher education. These scholarships help bridge the gap between a student’s financial resources and the costof education, ensuring that financial limitations do not hinder their academic aspirations.
Athletic scholarships are awarded to students who excel in sports and demonstrate exceptional athletic abilities. These scholarships enable talented student-athletes to pursue their education while representing their institution in competitive sports. Athletic scholarships not only support athletes but also contribute to the overall athletic success of educational institutions.
Academic scholarships are granted to students based on their academic achievements, including grades, class rank, and standardized test scores. These scholarships recognize students who excel academically and demonstrate a commitment to their studies. Academic scholarships are often awarded by educational institutions or organizations that value academic excellence.
Creative and Artistic Scholarships
Creative and artistic scholarships are designed for students who possess exceptional talents and creativity in various artistic fields, such as visual arts, performing arts, music, creative writing, or design. These scholarships encourage and support students in pursuing their artistic passions and developing their skills and talents further.
Scholarships for Underrepresented Groups
Scholarships for underrepresented groups aim to promote diversity and inclusivity in education. These scholarships are targeted towards students from marginalized communities, including minority groups, women, LGBTQ+ individuals, and individuals with disabilities. They provide opportunities for these individuals to access education and contribute to a more diverse and equitable academic environment.
How to Apply for Scholarships
Applying for scholarships requires careful preparation and attention to detail. Here are some essential steps to consider when applying for scholarships:
- Research and Identify Opportunities: Begin by researching scholarship opportunities that align with your interests, field of study, or unique qualities. Utilize online resources, scholarship databases, and reach out to academic institutions or guidance counselors for information on available scholarships.
- Review Eligibility Criteria: Read the eligibility requirements of each scholarship carefully. Ensure that you meet the specified criteria, such as academic achievements, financial need, or participation in specific activities.
- Gather Required Documents: Collect all necessary documents, such as academic transcripts, recommendation letters, personal statements, and any additional materials required for the application. Keep track of deadlines to ensure you have ample time to gather and prepare the necessary paperwork.
- Write a Compelling Personal Statement: Craft a strong personal statement that showcases your achievements, aspirations, and the reasons why you deserve the scholarship. Highlight your unique qualities, experiences, and goals. Be authentic and articulate in conveying your story and passion for education.
- Secure Strong Recommendations: Request letters of recommendation from teachers, mentors, or individuals who can speak to your academic abilities, character, and potential. Choose recommenders who know you well and can provide specific examples of your strengths and achievements.
- Submit a Polished Application: Review your application thoroughly, ensuring that all required documents are included and that there are no errors or omissions. Pay attention to formatting and presentation, making sure that your application is organized and visually appealing.
- Follow-Up and Stay Engaged: After submitting your application, follow up with the scholarship committee if necessary. Stay engaged by attending scholarship-related events or networking opportunities. Demonstrate your enthusiasm and commitment to education.
Tips for Winning Scholarships
While the competition for scholarships can be fierce, there are strategies you can employ to increase your chances of success. Consider the following tips:
- Start Early: Begin your scholarship search and application process well in advance. Starting early allows you to research opportunities thoroughly and prepare your application materials with care.
- Highlight Your Achievements: Showcase your academic accomplishments, extracurricular involvements, leadership roles, community service, and any unique experiences or skills you possess. Emphasize how these achievements set you apart from other applicants.
- Tailor Your Application: Customize your application for each scholarship opportunity. Pay attentionto the specific requirements and criteria outlined by each scholarship. Tailoring your application shows your genuine interest and commitment to the scholarship.
- Craft a Compelling Personal Statement: Your personal statement is an opportunity to share your story, aspirations, and motivations. Make it engaging, authentic, and compelling. Use vivid language and examples to illustrate your experiences and passions.
- Seek Feedback: Ask trusted mentors, teachers, or family members to review your application materials. Their feedback can provide valuable insights and help you refine your application.
- Submit on Time: Ensure that you submit your application before the deadline. Late submissions may not be considered, regardless of the quality of your application.
- Stay Organized: Keep track of deadlines, requirements, and submission dates for each scholarship. Create a schedule or checklist to stay organized and ensure that you meet all the necessary criteria.
- Proofread and Edit: Thoroughly proofread your application materials for grammar, spelling, and clarity. Typos and errors can detract from your application, so take the time to edit and polish your work.
Benefits of Scholarships
Receiving a scholarship offers numerous benefits:
Scholarships provide financial assistance that can significantly reduce the financial burden of education. By covering tuition fees, textbooks, or living expenses, scholarships make education more accessible and affordable.
Reduced Student Loan Debt
By receiving scholarships, students can minimize their reliance on student loans. This, in turn, reduces the burden of long-term debt and allows graduates to start their professional lives with more financial freedom.
Scholarships serve as a form of recognition for students’ achievements, talents, and potential. They acknowledge the hard work, dedication, and commitment to excellence demonstrated by recipients.
Access to Opportunities
Scholarships often come with additional opportunities such as internships, mentorship programs, or networking events. These experiences provide valuable connections, practical learning, and potential career prospects.
Personal and Professional Growth
Scholarships can contribute to personal and professional growth. They provide a supportive environment where recipients can focus on their studies, explore their interests, and develop important skills that prepare them for future success.
Challenges and Considerations
While scholarships offer numerous benefits, there are challenges and considerations to be aware of:
Scholarships are highly competitive, with many qualified applicants vying for limited funds. It’s essential to understand that not all applications will be successful. Rejection is a possibility, but it should not discourage you from continuing to pursue other opportunities.
Scholarships often have specific eligibility criteria, such as academic achievements, financial need, or specific talents. It’s important to carefully review these criteria before applying to ensure you meet the requirements.
Application Process Complexity
The application process for scholarships can be complex and time-consuming. Each scholarship may have different requirements, deadlines, and application formats. It’s crucial to stay organized, carefully read instructions, and allocate enough time to complete each application.
Finding Suitable Scholarships
Finding scholarships that align with your specific background, field of study, or interests can be challenging. It requires thorough research, utilizing online resources, scholarship databases, and seeking guidance from educational institutions or counselors.
Scholarships are a valuable resource that opens doors to education, reduces financial barriers, and recognizes the achievements and potential of students. Understanding the different types of scholarships, the application process, and tips for success can increase your chances of securing financial aid. Scholarships not only provide financial assistance but also offer opportunities for personal and professional growth. Embrace the challenge, pursue your dreams, and explore the world of scholarships to unlock the transformative power of education.
1. Are scholarships only for high-achieving students?
No, scholarships are not limited to high-achieving students only. While some scholarships are merit-based and require exceptional academic achievements, there are also scholarships available for students with specific talents, financial need, or from underrepresented backgrounds. It’s important to explore a wide range of scholarship opportunities that align with your unique qualities and circumstances.
2. Can I apply for scholarships if I already have student loans?
Yes, you can still apply for scholarships even if you have existing student loans. Scholarships can help reduce the financial burden of your education and minimize the amount of additional debt you may accumulate. It’s important to carefully review the terms and conditions of each scholarship to understand how it may affect your existing loans or financial situation.
3. Can scholarships be used for graduate or professional programs?
Yes, scholarships are available for various educational levels, including undergraduate, graduate, and professional programs. There are scholarships specifically tailored to support students pursuing advanced degrees or specialized professional studies. It’s important to search for scholarships that align with your intended educational path.
4. How can I increase my chances of winning scholarships?
To increase your chances of winning scholarships, it’s important to start early, thoroughly research scholarship opportunities, and tailor your applications to meet the specific requirements of each scholarship. Highlight your achievements, unique qualities, and personal experiences that set you apart from other applicants. Seek feedback from mentors or trusted individuals to improve your application materials, and submit your applications before the deadlines.
5. What should I do if I don’t receive a scholarship?
If you don’t receive a scholarship, it’s essential to remember that the competition can be intense, and not all applicants will be successful. Instead of getting discouraged, continue to explore other scholarship opportunities, apply for financial aid, and consider alternative funding options such as grants, work-study programs, or part-time jobs. Remember to stay proactive, seek guidance, and keep pursuing your educational goals.
|
<urn:uuid:7c3e10ba-e4b4-4059-b689-6fdb11f13b4d>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://recipeholic.com/a-comprehensive-overview-of-scholarships/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.932965 | 2,518 | 3.078125 | 3 |
Constipation is more than just a painful inconvenience. It can dangerously affect a person's health. Huffington Post reports a study that found people who experience frequent and severe constipation are at a higher risk of chronic kidney disease and kidney failure.
The study, which examined health records from more than 3.5 million U.S. veterans, is just one of many linking constipation to kidney disease. One of the study's co-authors is Dr. Csaba Pal Kovesdy, chief of nephrology at the Memphis VA Medical Center in Tennessee. He told Huffington Post that the link may lie in changes in gut bacteria and chronic inflammation caused by slow-moving food in the digestive system.
Approximately 42 million Americans suffer from constipation, reports the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. That means 42 million Americans are potentially at risk for kidney disease. Here are eight outstanding home remedies for treating and preventing constipation.
1. Sesame seeds. Sprinkle sesame seeds in your salad, yogurt or smoothie to soften stools. Reader's Digest says this home remedy is an ancient solution used by Amish and Chinese populations.
2. Blackstrap molasses. Eating a tablespoon of blackstrap molasses before bedtime is an excellent way to get things moving, while also infusing the body with magnesium and other gut-healthy vitamins and minerals, according to Reader's Digest.
3. Lemon water. This simple solution stimulates the digestive system and flushes toxins from the body. Reader's Digest recommends drinking a glass of water with fresh lemon juice each morning.
4. Yogurt. Probiotics like yogurt, sauerkraut and kimchi have healthy, live bacteria that help prevent chronic constipation while rebalancing gut bacteria. Authority Nutrition says probiotics contain short-chain fatty acids that make it easier to pass stool.
5. Bananas. There are probiotics, and then there are prebiotics. These foods include bananas, garlic and onions. Authority Nutrition explains that prebiotics improve bowel movement by feeding healthy gut bacteria and increasing frequency of bowel movements.
6. Prunes. This age-old home remedy really works. As Authority Nutrition notes, prunes are rich in fiber and contain a natural laxative known as sorbitol. For those suffering from chronic constipation, it's advisable to eat seven medium-sized prunes twice daily.
7. Acupressure. The Conception Vessel 6 pressure point, also known as the Sea of Qi, is located three finger widths below the belly button. To stimulate the bowels, Modern Reflexology says to use the fingertips to firmly press the Sea of Qi for 30 seconds. Keep eyes closed and breathe normally as the pressure point is pushed.
8. Aromatherapy. This alternative therapy has been long used to treat a range of ailments. The scents best at beating constipation are rosemary, sweet basil, lemon, orange, fennel and peppermint, as recommended by StomachBloating.com. If constipated, one may find it helpful to diffuse any one or a combination of these essential oils in their home or to inhale the essential oils directly.
These home remedies can help save you from deadly kidney disease. Spread the word when you SHARE this article on social media.
|
<urn:uuid:fb308c5c-219c-4e42-80bb-17b29edea4ab>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://remedydaily.com/2016/11/27/natural-remedies-to-get-bowels-moving-and-reduce-risk-of-kidney-disease/?src=sidexpromo&et=mxp&eid=49819&pid=49991
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.920309 | 682 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Social prescribing is becoming a popular concept in healthcare and treatment. GPs in England can prescribe dance classes for people who are lonely. Doctors in Shetland, Scotland can now prescribe nature.
The UK Prime Minister Theresa May has also launched the government’s first loneliness strategy saying that ‘social prescriptions would reduce demand on the NHS and improve patients’ quality of life’.
But what is social prescribing?
How can it help people with their physical and mental health? Is it just another fad that will come and go?
According to the Social Prescribing Network here in the UK, social prescribing ‘is a means of enabling GPs and other frontline healthcare professionals to refer patients to a link worker – to provide them with a face to face conversation during which they can learn about the possibilities and design their own personalised solutions, i.e. ‘co-produce’ their ‘social prescription’- so that people with social, emotional or practical needs are empowered to find solutions which will improve their health and wellbeing, often using services provided by the voluntary and community sector.’
I get that definition, but I’m not sure it’s user friendly to the person who will receive the ‘social prescription’.
So here is my definition of social prescribing
Social prescribing is when a medical or healthcare professional prescribes a non-medical activity which could improve your health and wellbeing. The non-medical activities could meet a range of needs such as the need to be more physically active, eat more healthily, be with people, improve your mood, manage stress, participate in an activity we enjoy doing, feeling productive and more.
All of these non-medical needs can have an impact on your health. For example, when you are living with chronic fatigue or pain, that can impact your ability to work and hence have a knock-on effect on your financial independence, having a roof over your head, etc. The worry causes stress, stress can exacerbate symptoms. Your health can become worse.
Or if you don’t know how to cook and so rely on take-away food outlets near your home and ready-made meals from the supermarket. But your diet has led to weight issues and you’ve been diagnosed with diabetes.
Another person could help you decide which non-medical options would best meet your needs and find them, i.e. the ‘link worker’ mentioned above.
Social prescribing would aim to help you find non-medical solutions to issues you have
It helps you identify the changes you can make in various parts of your life which will contribute to improving your long-term health and manage the impact of any long-term conditions you have.
For example, what local flexible working opportunities could there be for someone with chronic pain or fatigue. Or a local cooking class to learn how to cook simple healthy meals. Or a gardening club for someone who experiences depression, anxiety and/or loneliness.
The aim is to prevent health issues from getting worse, reduce the financial burden on the NHS especially primary care, i.e. GP service.
All good stuff. There are some very real issues to consider when social prescribing such as whether the activities being prescribed are accessible, do people want to take part in the activities, do they have the confidence to take part, and the cost of such activities when government is cutting investment in local services. Despite that, I feel that social prescribing is a worthy effort.
But I hope social prescribing won’t be around for long
Shock, horror at reading that, right?
Here is why I think that.
I hope it becomes so popular and embedded in the medical world’s and society’s way of doing things, it becomes the ‘done thing’. In fact, I hope it becomes the go-to option where possible before doctors prescribe medications are medical interventions (when that’s possible).
Through this, society can learn that they have these options to improve their mental and physical health. People learn that these activities become their first go-to options in self-managing their health and wellness.
That is my dream for social prescribing.
However, reality means we may need social prescribing for some time to come
As a society we have done a good job of medicalising everything. In the last century and even in this new one there have been so many advances and many more are on the horizon. The random control trial is the gold standard in research, the aim is to find medications that help and treatments that cure. Life has been extended. That is good.
Society has also gotten used to the medical model. When you’re unwell or injured, you go to the doctor and hope s/he gives you a prescription or recommends another medical intervention to sort the issue out. For some people, they feel it is the doctor’s responsibility to sort the issue and their role is to follow (maybe) the doctor’s instructions. So the patient’s role is passive.
In the process of all this, we have forgotten the non-medical treatments we can use to improve our physical and mental health – a walk in nature, attending activity groups, taking up a new hobby, spending time with people, and regular exercise are just some examples. We may have gotten used to being in a passive role and giving up some of our personal power.
Social prescribing is the reminder that non-medical treatments have just as much value in improving our health as medical treatments.
Social prescribing encourages a holistic focus on treating mental and physical health issues. Not all health issues can be solved by medical intervention alone. Changes in other aspects of your life can make a significant contribution to improved health. And given it is our life, I feel it is up to us to take control and play a significant role in identifying and making those changes. Some of the changes we can make, such as a walk/roll in nature for exercise, are free.
However, I have to remind myself that ‘Rome wasn’t built in a day.’ It will take time to embed this holistic approach to making positive changes to our health in our society. And individual responsibility for it. That is not a small effort. So I think social prescribing will have to be around for some time.
And I am ok with that.
What about you?
What do you think of social prescribing? Have you experienced it yet during the course of your or a loved one’s medical care? Leave a comment below or email it privately to me using the contact form in the sidebar.
If you are living with a serious health issue or are caring for someone who is, and would like support to find non-medical ways to improve your sense of wellness, have a look at how we can work together and get in touch for a free no obligation consultation.
Pass it forward
Has this blog made you think? Helped you in some way? Share it so it can do the same for someone else.
© Copyright Barbara Babcock 2018
|
<urn:uuid:d3f6ffed-f53f-4403-b4db-ab7dd8ed44cb>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://returntowellness.co.uk/2018/11/14/social-prescribing-by-doctors/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.959145 | 1,459 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Controversy over what constitutes a planet has rocked the planetary world ever since Pluto was down-graded to a dwarf-planet over a decade ago. While there were reasons for its demotion, the decision did not sit well with everyone. Now, new research suggests that the rationale behind this judgement is invalid and that Pluto should be reclassified as a planet again.
Pluto was discovered in 1930 by US astronomer Clyde Tombaugh and although everyone was quick to add this relatively small ball of rock and ice into the fold of existing planets in our Solar System, some astronomers began to question this course of action. They started to wonder whether this newcomer might instead be simply a wayward resident of a population of small, icy bodies that belong to the Kuiper belt; a ring of debris littered with objects of varying sizes that sit beyond the orbit of Neptune.
Later, discoveries of other Kuiper Belt Objects with masses roughly comparable to Pluto, such as Quaoar, Sedna and Eris, which actually appears to be larger than Pluto, helped push the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 2006 to relegate Pluto to the status of dwarf planet. Cue a reprint of posters and planetary textbooks around the world to reflect this seemingly harshly judged decision.
The verdict was also aided by an updated definition as to what makes an object a planet. The new guidelines, based on previously published scientific literature, specified that to be a fully-fledged planet then an object must "clear" its orbit, or in other words, be the largest gravitational force in its orbit. Unfortunately for Pluto, this was a double whammy as it shares it’s orbit with other Kuiper Belt objects.
However, in a new study published in the journal Icarus, UCF planetary scientist Philip Metzger, who has scoured over scientific papers from the past 200 years says that this standard for classifying planets is not supported in research literature; except for in one case. And that was back in 1802. And it was based on reasoning that has since been disproven.
"The IAU definition would say that the fundamental object of planetary science, the planet, is supposed to be a defined on the basis of a concept that nobody uses in their research. And it would leave out the second-most complex, interesting planet in our solar system,” Metzger said. "It's a sloppy definition.”
"We now have a list of well over 100 recent examples of planetary scientists using the word planet in a way that violates the IAU definition, but they are doing it because it's functionally useful," said Metzger.
Metzger implies that the IAU's definition is rather ambiguous as they don’t specify what they mean by clearing their orbit. “If you take that literally, then there are no planets, because no planet clears its orbit."
Co-author of the study, Kirby Runyon, another scientists who also feels that Pluto has been dealt with unfairly, suggests that the IAU's definition was indeed erroneous since the literature review showed that clearing orbit is not a standard that is used for distinguishing asteroids from planets, as the IAU claimed when crafting the 2006 definition of planets.
"We showed that this is a false historical claim," Runyon said. "It is therefore fallacious to apply the same reasoning to Pluto.”
So how should a planet be defined then? It should be based on its intrinsic properties, rather than ones that can change, such as the dynamics of a planet's orbit Metzger said.
"Dynamics are not constant, they are constantly changing. So, they are not the fundamental description of a body, they are just the occupation of a body at a current era,” he added.
Instead, a planet should be classified based on whether it is large enough for its gravity to allow it to become spherical in shape explains Metzger. "And that's not just an arbitrary definition. It turns out this is an important milestone in the evolution of a planetary body, because apparently when it happens, it initiates active geology in the body.”
If this were the case, then Pluto would be right back up there with its bigger planetary neighbours as it has organic compounds, an underground ocean, evidence of ancient lakes, a multilayer atmosphere, and multiple moons. ”It's more dynamic and alive than Mars," Metzger said. "The only planet that has more complex geology is the Earth."
|
<urn:uuid:07fe58b1-2bc1-4ec6-bdd3-ecfc0843769e>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://room.eu.com/news/iau-wrong-about-plutos-planetary-status-say-scientists
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.964731 | 923 | 3.671875 | 4 |
In the fast-paced and interconnected world of today, countries and organizations rely heavily on lawful agreements and trade agreements to establish smooth and predictable interactions. These agreements play a crucial role in shaping the global economy and maintaining diplomatic relationships between nations.
One example of a significant lawful agreement is the collective bargaining agreement. Such agreements are commonly used in labor relations to establish the terms and conditions of employment. They provide a framework for negotiations between employers and employees, ensuring fair and just working conditions for all parties involved.
When it comes to international trade, free trade agreements are essential in promoting economic growth by reducing barriers to trade and investment. These agreements establish rules and regulations for trade between countries, providing businesses with a level playing field and encouraging cross-border activities. The European Union, for instance, has a series of trade agreements, including the EU-Turkey Customs Union Agreement, which facilitates trade between the EU and Turkey.
Moreover, specific industries and sectors also rely on agreements to foster cooperation and protect intellectual property rights. For instance, the art world often utilizes art purchase agreements to outline the terms of buying and selling artwork. These agreements help establish ownership, provenance, and conditions for the transfer of art pieces.
Political agreements are also crucial in shaping the course of nations. In Germany, after elections, political parties form a coalition government and negotiate a coalition agreement that outlines their shared goals, policy priorities, and responsibilities. This agreement becomes the foundation for their governance and guides decision-making processes.
Furthermore, in the realm of international security, countries often enter into military agreements to enhance their defense capabilities and promote regional stability. The recent agreement between Russia and China, for example, strengthens their military cooperation and fosters closer ties between the two nations.
In the business world, agreements such as beta testing agreements are crucial for software development and testing. These agreements define the terms of engagement between developers and testers, ensuring that the testing process is carried out effectively and efficiently.
In conclusion, lawful agreements and trade agreements play a pivotal role in shaping international relations. They facilitate economic growth, establish fair labor practices, protect intellectual property, guide political governance, and enhance security collaborations. Without these agreements, the global order would be chaotic and unpredictable. Therefore, it is crucial for countries and organizations to continue prioritizing the negotiation and implementation of effective agreements to ensure a stable and prosperous future.
|
<urn:uuid:8e1cff9a-8a8e-4349-95a5-8ea638810ec3>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://salacolora.com/the-importance-of-lawful-agreements-and-trade-agreements-in-international-relations/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.950487 | 475 | 3.25 | 3 |
Reverse logistics plays a crucial role in managing the flow of used products and optimizing their value recovery. Network design has strategically contributed to IBM’s efficient processing of 51,000 tons of used equipment, resulting in a landfill rate of only 3.2%. Key aspects include the impact of product perishability and compressed product life cycles, the establishment of refurbishment centers, and compliance with environmental regulations.
One of the critical aspects of this process is the consideration of product perishability and compressed product life cycles. Product perishability and tight product life cycles are significant challenges in the electronics industry. The rapid advancement of technology leads to shorter product life cycles and a growing volume of disposed electronic waste. IBM recognized this trend and proactively responded by establishing a network design that efficiently handles the increasing number of returns. By doing so, they minimized the time between product returns and dispositioning, reducing the risk of further product deterioration.
One strategic initiative IBM implemented was the establishment of refurbishment centers. These centers play a pivotal role in maximizing the value recovery potential of returned products. IBM operates nine refurbished centers worldwide, each specializing in a specific product range. Dedicated centers allow efficient refurbishment processes, leveraging expertise and streamlining operations (Clancy, 2012). Refurbished equipment deemed marketable is then made available for resale, either through IBM’s website or via internet auctions, providing an additional revenue stream.
Environmental regulations have been a driving force in shaping reverse logistics practices, particularly concerning electronic waste. As a responsible corporate citizen, IBM acknowledges its obligation to comply with take-back regulations in various countries. By participating in take-back programs and fulfilling their legal requirements, IBM demonstrates a commitment to sustainable practices and environmentally responsible disposal of end-of-life products. This compliance helps meet regulatory obligations, enhances the company’s reputation, and strengthens customer loyalty.
IBM embraces network design and value recovery. IBM’s network design ensures that returned equipment is efficiently processed to maximize value recovery. The disposition of returns is a critical step in this process. The Global Asset Recovery Service (GARS) division, established in 1998, is dedicated to managing the worldwide dispositioning of returns. With 25 collection centers worldwide, returns are inspected and assigned to the most appropriate recovery option, considering refurbishment, spare parts reuse, component recovery, and recycling.
Another critical aspect of IBM in the network design reverse logistics process is minimizing landfill waste. IBM’s network design and strategic initiatives have effectively minimized landfill waste. By prioritizing refurbishment and reusability, IBM ensures that a significant portion of returned equipment is remarketed, extending its life cycle and reducing the need for disposal. The dismantling center, responsible for recovering valuable components, further optimizes recovery. The remaining equipment is broken down into recyclable material fractions, then sold to external recyclers. This comprehensive approach significantly reduces the amount of equipment ending up in landfills.
In conclusion, IBM’s strategic network design has played a crucial role in processing 51,000 tons of used equipment, resulting in a landfill rate of only 3.2%. By addressing the challenges of product perishability and compressed product life cycles, IBM established refurbishment centers, complied with environmental regulations, and optimized value recovery. IBM has demonstrated its commitment to sustainable practices and responsible reverse logistics through efficient dispositioning, refurbishment, spare parts reuse, and recycling. This successful implementation of network design principles highlights the importance of strategic planning and execution in managing reverse logistics flows within the electronics industry.
Clancy, H. (2012, February 29). Targeting e-waste, IBM opens a China facility for refurbishing servers. ZDNET. https://www.zdnet.com/article/targeting-e-waste-ibm-opens-china-facility-for-refurbishing-servers/
|
<urn:uuid:e22a17d5-0d5e-42be-a252-1205c67da282>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://samples.freshessays.com/network-design-in-ibms-reverse-logistics-process.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.917467 | 786 | 2.546875 | 3 |
The Green Revolution and Bio-revolution changed world food production. The 1940s–1960s Green Revolution increased crop yields to relieve global food shortages (Hamdan et al., 2022). The late 20th-century bio-revolution, the Gene Revolution or Biotechnology Revolution, used genetic engineering and biotechnology to increase agriculture and food supply. Globalization revolutionized agricultural and food production through the Green Revolution and Bio-revolution. The Green Revolution paragraph discusses the Green Revolution, its methods, and its effects on agricultural productivity, food security, and poverty in India and Mexico. It will also address this revolution’s environmental impact and social inequality. The Bio-revolution paragraph uses genetic engineering and biotechnology to improve agricultural traits and manage pests, illnesses, and climate change. The Bio revolution will cover GMOs, precision breeding technologies like CRISPR-Cas9, and safety, environmental, and ethical issues concerning genetically modified crops (Hamdan et al., 2022). Globalization’s paragraph elaborates on how globalization influenced both revolutions. Globalization improved agricultural output, food security, and economic development through sharing agricultural technology, skills, and resources. It will also discuss global trade and agricultural breakthroughs. The content contains a paragraph that discusses agricultural revolutions’ possible futures. Organic farming, agroecology, and precision agriculture may mitigate the Green Revolution’s environmental and social impacts. It will also examine biotechnological advances’ potential to boost agricultural production, nutrition, and pest and disease resistance, highlighting the relevance of safety, ethics, and public acceptance in biotechnology’s future. Globalization’s Green Revolution and Bio-revolution have enhanced productivity in agriculture, food security, and economic prosperity. However, they have also raised environmental, social, and ethical issues.
The Green Revolution and the Bio-revolution have greatly influenced world food production in different ways. Knox and Marston (2016) call the 1940s–1960s the Green Revolution, when modern agricultural methods and technology were deployed to enhance crop yields and alleviate global food shortages. The Green Revolution comprised high-yield agricultural types, synthetic fertilizers and insecticides, and automation. The strategy targeted basic crops like wheat and rice to increase agricultural production. Semi-dwarf cultivars boosted agricultural production significantly. The Green Revolution improved agricultural output, food security, and poverty in India and Mexico. Bio-revolution, also known as the Gene Revolution or Biotechnology Revolution, is a more modern agricultural invention using genetic engineering and biotechnology. Chui et al. and Kaur and Pandove (2023) illuminate this revolution. Bio-revolution manipulates genes in plants, animals, and microbes to increase pest and disease resistance, drought tolerance, and nutritional content. GMOs and precision breeding methods like CRISPR-Cas9 have emerged. Both revolutions sought to improve agriculture and food production but had different effects. Modern procedures increased agricultural yields during the Green Revolution, improving food security and economic prosperity. However, it caused environmental damage and socioeconomic inequality. However, Bio-revolution uses biotechnology and genetic engineering to modify crops. It may solve pests, illnesses, and climate change resistance. GMOs and genetically modified crops have raised safety, environmental, and ethical issues. Knox and Marston (2016) note that globalization affected both revolutions. International collaboration and global trade resulted in the transfer of agricultural technologies, helping spread better crop types, farming methods, and biotechnology discoveries. Therefore, both revolutions have changed global agriculture and food production, creating environmental, socioeconomic, and ethical issues.
Globalization has revolutionized the Green Revolution and Bio-revolution. Globalization enabled the Green Revolution by sharing agricultural technology, expertise, and resources, according to Knox and Marston (2016). It enhanced agricultural production, food security, and economic growth worldwide. Global trading in agricultural commodities helped integrate food systems. Globalization has greatly revolutionized genetic engineering and biotechnology’s bio-revolution, which has aided poor countries in providing adequate food to their population (Graham & Sabbata, 2014). Synthetic biology is useful in bioproduction, cleanup, and pollution management, according to Lorenzo et al. (2018). Biotechnological advancements in agriculture, healthcare, and the environment have been hastened by global cooperation and the exchange of scientific information and resources. Based on future expectations, agricultural revolutions will continue to progress and integrate. The Green Revolution enhanced agricultural output, but future initiatives will likely address its negative environmental and socioeconomic repercussions. To maintain food security and ecological balance, organic farming, agroecology, and precision agriculture may become more popular. Bio-revolution is poised to shape the globe. Genetic engineering, synthetic biology, and precision breeding may improve agricultural productivity, nutrition, and pest and disease resistance. According to Long et al. (2015), biotechnology applications’ future will depend on safety, ethics, and public acceptability. Globalization will also spread agricultural technologies. Global commerce, cooperation, and knowledge-sharing platforms to help implement sustainable agriculture solutions worldwide by transferring technology and practices. Globalization brought high-yielding crops, synthetic fertilizers, and sophisticated irrigation to agriculture during the Green Revolution. The introduction of high-yielding wheat and rice varieties in India, dubbed “Miracle Seeds,” in the 1960s and 1970s helped the nation attain food self-sufficiency and end famine (Hamdan et al., 2022). GMOs and other biotechnology advancements may improve crop attributes, production, and agricultural issues. Insect-resistant Bt cotton has cut pesticide use and enhanced yields for farmers worldwide. Therefore, sustainable practices and biotechnological advances will be prioritized as globalization promotes knowledge and resource sharing for food security and environmental sustainability.
The body paragraphs describe the Green Revolution and Bio-revolution and their effects on global food production and environmental, social, and ethical issues. The Green Revolution, characterized by high-yield crop types, synthetic fertilizers, and mechanization, reduced worldwide food shortages. It concentrated on staple crops like wheat and rice, improving food security and economic development in India and Mexico. The topic is important because it explains the Gene Revolution that uses genetic engineering and biotechnology to boost agricultural output. It increases pest and disease resistance, drought tolerance, and nutritional content in plants, animals, and microorganisms through modifying genes. However, bio-revolution may solve agricultural problems, but GMO safety, environmental implications, and ethics are issues. The content is crucial because it explains how globalization can lead to exchanging ideas, technology, and resources, thus affecting the agricultural systems. It emphasizes countries’ food production systems’ interdependence. Therefore, globalization may improve food security and sustainable agriculture by spreading agricultural advances. World systems theory also applies to Green and Bio-revolutions. The paradigm emphasizes global economic and political hierarchies and power dynamics. The Green Revolution and Bio-revolution illustrate the world-systems theory by transferring technology and knowledge from powerful global powers to other countries. Globalization-driven agricultural revolutions affect the core-periphery relationship. The periphery of developing countries typically receives and adopts agricultural and technical innovations from advanced countries. Eventually, it perpetuates global agricultural power inequalities. The body paragraphs conclude that the Green Revolution and Bio-revolution transformed global food production. Understanding these revolutions and their relationship to globalization sheds light on the complicated global food system and the need for sustainable and equitable farming methods.
Chui, M., Evers, M., Manyika, J., Zheng, A., & Nisbet, T. (2023). The bio revolution: Innovations transforming economies, societies, and our lives. In Augmented Education in the Global Age (pp. 48-74). Routledge.
Graham, M., & Sabbata, S. D. (2014). Economic Globalization. Internet Geographies at Oxford University Internet Institute. Geography.oil.ac.ke
Hamdan, M. F., Mohd Noor, S. N., Abd-Aziz, N., Pua, T.-L., & Tan, B. C. (2022). Green Revolution to Gene Revolution: Technological Advances in Agriculture to Feed the World. Plants, 11(10), 1297. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11101297
Kaur, J., & Pandove, G. (2023). Understanding the beneficial interaction of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and endophytic bacteria for sustainable agriculture: a bio-revolution approach. Journal of Plant Nutrition, pp. 1–29.
Knox, P. L. (2016). Human Geography: Places and Regions in Global Context, Fifth Canadian Edition. In Amazon. https://www.amazon.com/Human-Geography-Regions-Context-Canadian/dp/0321920163
Long, Stephen P., Marshall-Colon, A., & Zhu, X.-G. (2015). Meeting the Global Food Demand of the Future by Engineering Crop Photosynthesis and Yield Potential. Cell, 161(1), 56–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2015.03.019
Lorenzo, V., Prather, K. L., Chen, G., O’Day, E., Kameke, C., Oyarzún, D. A., Hosta‐Rigau, L., Alsafar, H., Cao, C., Ji, W., Okano, H., Roberts, R. J., Ronaghi, M., Yeung, K., Zhang, F., & Lee, S. Y. (2018). The power of synthetic biology for bioproduction, remediation, and pollution control. EMBO Reports, 19(4). https://doi.org/10.15252/embr.201745658
|
<urn:uuid:8d789f1f-63ae-4bc2-8c8b-c43392568232>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://samples.freshessays.com/the-green-revolution-and-bio-revolution.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.863296 | 1,997 | 3.671875 | 4 |
As the vibrant hues of summer fade into the warm and earthy tones of autumn, gardeners and landscaping enthusiasts have a unique opportunity to enhance their outdoor spaces with the beauty of fall foliage. While deciduous trees and shrubs contribute to the grandeur of the season, there's another often-overlooked element that can make a significant impact: autumn ground covers. In this comprehensive guide, we'll explore the world of ground covers for autumn, from their practical benefits to a selection of stunning options that will blanket your soil with color, texture, and seasonal charm.The following content also has some reference value for raised garden beds.
The Role of Ground Covers in Autumn
Ground covers are low-growing plants that serve several essential functions in your garden or landscape, regardless of the season. These include:
- Weed Suppression: Ground covers create a dense carpet of foliage that shades the soil, preventing weeds from taking root and competing with your desired plants.
- Erosion Control: They help stabilize the soil on slopes and prevent erosion, especially after heavy rains.
- Moisture Retention: Ground covers reduce water evaporation from the soil, helping maintain consistent moisture levels for your plants.
- Aesthetic Appeal: Beyond their practical benefits, ground covers add visual interest, texture, and color to your landscape.
In autumn, ground covers take on an even more critical role. They offer an opportunity to extend the beauty of your outdoor space as many other plants begin to fade. Autumn ground covers provide a rich tapestry of colors, from fiery reds and oranges to deep purples and browns, creating a captivating backdrop for your fall garden.
Choosing the Right Autumn Ground Covers
When selecting ground covers for autumn, it's essential to consider factors such as your climate, soil type, and the specific look you want to achieve. Here are some popular autumn ground covers to consider:
Sedums are reliable ground covers known for their resilience and low maintenance. In autumn, many sedum varieties turn captivating shades of pink, red, and russet. Some notable options include:
- Autumn Joy (Sedum spectabile): As the name suggests, this variety is a standout in the fall garden, with large, dome-shaped flower heads that transition from green to pink and then to deep copper.
- Dragon's Blood (Sedum spurium): This low-growing sedum displays striking deep red foliage that intensifies in color as temperatures drop.
2. Creeping Jenny
Creeping Jenny is a ground cover that offers brilliant gold to chartreuse foliage throughout the year. In autumn, its leaves take on warm, coppery tones, making it a vibrant addition to the garden.
3. Coral Bells
Coral bells are known for their stunning foliage, which comes in various shades of green, purple, and silver. In the fall, these leaves often deepen in color, creating a captivating contrast with other autumn hues.
- Purple Palace (Heuchera micrantha 'Purple Palace'): This variety features striking deep purple leaves that intensify in color as autumn progresses.
Bugleweed is a low-growing ground cover that forms dense mats of foliage. In the fall, some ajuga varieties offer dark foliage with undertones of purple, making them a valuable addition to the autumn landscape.
- Black Scallop (Ajuga reptans 'Black Scallop'): With its glossy, near-black leaves, this variety adds a touch of drama to the garden as temperatures cool.
5. Japanese Blood Grass
Japanese blood grass is a visually striking ground cover, known for its red-tipped foliage. In the fall, this grass takes on fiery hues, resembling flickering flames in the garden.
6. Cranesbill Geranium
Cranesbill geraniums are versatile ground covers that offer delicate foliage and charming flowers. Some varieties, like the 'Rozanne' geranium, continue to bloom well into the fall, providing both color and nectar for late-season pollinators.
Hostas are beloved for their lush foliage, which ranges from blue-green to variegated. In the fall, the leaves of some hosta varieties turn golden yellow, extending their appeal well beyond the summer.
- Sum and Substance (Hosta 'Sum and Substance'): This variety boasts large, chartreuse leaves that become even more vibrant in the autumn sun.
8. Japanese Forest Grass
Japanese forest grass is an elegant ground cover with cascading, arching blades. In the fall, it transitions to a golden hue, creating a graceful and gentle presence in the garden.
9. Autumn Fern
Autumn ferns are aptly named for their stunning fall foliage. As temperatures drop, their fronds take on warm shades of copper and bronze, adding an autumnal touch to shaded areas.
These are just a few examples of autumn ground covers to consider. When choosing ground covers for your garden, be sure to research their specific growth habits, hardiness zones, and soil requirements to ensure they will thrive in your location.
Designing with Autumn Ground Covers
Once you've selected your autumn ground covers, it's time to incorporate them into your landscape design effectively. Here are some design ideas to make the most of these colorful additions:
1. Ground Cover Borders
Create borders or edging around flower beds, pathways, or garden borders using autumn ground covers. Planting them in a defined area can highlight their seasonal beauty and provide a neat and organized appearance.
2. Under Tree Plantings
Many trees shed their leaves in the fall, leaving bare soil beneath. Planting autumn ground covers under trees not only covers the bare ground but also adds vibrant color and texture to the area.
3. Mix with Other Plants
Combine autumn ground covers with late-blooming perennials, ornamental grasses, or shrubs that showcase fall foliage. This blending of textures and colors can create a visually appealing and dynamic landscape.
4. Create Patterns
Experiment with planting patterns or geometric designs using different ground cover varieties. For example, you can create swirls, waves, or concentric circles of contrasting ground covers to add artistic flair to your garden.
5. In Containers
Don't limit your ground covers to the ground. Plant them in containers or hanging baskets for elevated displays on patios, balconies, or entrances. This allows you to enjoy their autumnal beauty up close.
6. Rock Gardens
If you have a rock garden or alpine garden, consider adding autumn ground covers between the rocks. The contrasting colors and textures can enhance the natural beauty of the rock formations.
7. Stepping Stones
Plant ground covers between stepping stones or pavers to create a visually striking and functional pathway. This adds an element of surprise and intrigue to your garden.
Caring for Autumn Ground Covers
To ensure that your autumn ground covers thrive and remain healthy throughout the season, follow these care guidelines:
- Watering: While most ground covers are drought-tolerant once established, be sure to provide sufficient water during dry spells, especially if you're planting them in the fall.
- Mulching: Apply a layer of mulch around your ground covers to help conserve moisture, regulate soil temperature, and suppress weeds.
- Fertilizing: In the early spring or late summer, consider applying a balanced, slow-release fertilizer to promote healthy growth and vibrant foliage.
- Pruning: Regularly trim or prune your ground covers as needed to maintain their desired shape and prevent overcrowding.
- Division: Some ground covers benefit from occasional division to rejuvenate their growth. Divide them every few years to maintain their vitality.
- Protection: In regions with harsh winters, consider adding a layer of mulch or straw to protect your ground covers from extreme cold.
- Pest and Disease Control: Monitor your ground covers for signs of pests or diseases and take appropriate measures to address any issues promptly.
By providing proper care, you can ensure that your autumn ground covers not only survive but thrive, adding to the visual richness of your fall landscape.
Autumn ground covers are a versatile and often underappreciated element in garden and landscape design. They offer a canvas of colors that can transform your outdoor spaces, adding warmth, texture, and visual interest as the days grow shorter and cooler. Whether you're looking to create a stunning border, fill in gaps, or enhance your garden's overall appeal, autumn ground covers provide an array of options to suit your style and climate. So, embrace the beauty of fall with these vibrant and practical additions to your garden, and watch as they blanket the soil with color, elevating your outdoor experience during this enchanting season.
|
<urn:uuid:05e0bb40-531e-4660-88c2-0349e64ad68a>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://savanagarden.com/blogs/raised-beds-gardening-blog/autumn-ground-covers-blanketing-the-soil-with-color
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.918878 | 1,809 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Several fungi act as parasites for crops causing huge annual crop losses at both pre- and post-harvest stages. For years, chemical fungicides were the solution; however, their wide use has caused environmental contamination and human health problems. For this reason, the use of biofungicides has been in practice as a green solution against fungal phytopathogens. In the context of a more sustainable agriculture, microbial biofungicides have the largest share among the commercial biocontrol products that are available in the market. Precisely, the genus Bacillus has been largely studied for the management of plant pathogenic fungi because they offer a chemically diverse arsenal of antifungal secondary metabolites, which have spawned a heightened industrial engrossment of it as a biopesticide. In this sense, it is indispensable to know the wide arsenal that Bacillus genus has to apply these products for sustainable agriculture. Having this idea in our minds, in this review, secondary metabolites from Bacillus having antifungal activity are chemically and structurally described giving details of their action against several phytopathogens. Knowing the current status of Bacillus secreted antifungals is the base for the goal to apply these in agriculture and it is addressed in depth in the second part of this review.
|
<urn:uuid:f6e8b30d-d83f-4886-bd50-3acb5e338742>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://scholar9.com/publication-detail/bacillus-spp-as-bio-factories-for-antifungal-seco--25
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.964083 | 265 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid is essential nutrients that cannot produce in human body and meet up through diet. Jute leaves contain L-ascorbic acid. The amount of L-ascorbic is unknown in different varieties developed by Bangladesh Jute Research Institute. L-ascorbic acid content is affected by cooking or processing and preservation. Therefore, the experiment was conducted to investigate the content of vitamin C in the fresh jute leaves as well as the effect of cooking and preservation methods on L-ascorbic acid content in jute leaves. Fresh jute leaves of different varieties contain different amount of L-ascorbic acid 0.39g/10g to 0.64g/10g in Corchorus olitorius and 0.64g/10g to 0.92g/10g in Corchorus capsularis. C. capsularis contain more amount of L-ascorbic acid than the C. olitorius. Jute leaves of C. olitorius retain 95% L-ascorbic acid and C. capsularis retain 62% L-ascorbic acid after 15 min of boiling. Vinegar soaking leaves release more L- ascorbic acid by 5 min than the fresh leaves and then the L-ascorbic acid content was reduced by 15 min in both the species. Spraying vinegar treatment releases more L-ascorbic acid and increasing up-to 30 min treatment. Both oven dried and cold dried leaves retain small amount of L-ascorbic acid. L-ascorbic acid content was reduced in preserved jute leaf tea and soup powder also in both species. Usually, leafy vegetables are cooked before consumption and sometimes preserved vegetables are consumed when fresh vegetables may not available. So, this study may be useful to know the actual intake of L-ascorbic acid from the processed or preserved jute leaves.
|
<urn:uuid:c67e5cd8-e1a1-4604-b4b8-3f6d013b4aae>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://scholar9.com/publication-detail/effect-of-processing-and-preservation-on-l-ascorbi--209
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.918841 | 394 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Mantle-derived helium in hot springs of the Cordillera Blanca, Peru: Implications for mantle-to-crust fluid transfer in a flat-slab subduction setting
MetadataShow full item record
Fault-controlled hot springs in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru provide geochemical evidence of mantle-derived fluids in a modern flat-slab subduction setting. The Cordillera Blanca is an ~ 200 km-long mountain range that contains the highest peaks in the Peruvian Andes, located in an amagmatic reach of the Andean arc. The Cordillera Blanca detachment defines the southwestern edge of the range and records a progression of top-down-to-the-west ductile shear to brittle normal faulting since ~ 5 Ma. Hot springs, recording temperatures up to 78 °C, issue along this fault zone and are CO2-rich, near neutral, alkaline-chloride to alkaline-carbonate waters, with elevated trace metal contents including arsenic (≤ 11 ppm). Water δ18OSMOW (− 14.2 to − 4.9‰) and δDSMOW (− 106.2 to − 74.3‰), trends in elemental chemistry, and cation geothermometry collectively demonstrate mixing of hot (200–260 °C) saline fluid with cold meteoric water along the fault. Helium isotope ratios (3He/4He) for dissolved gases in the waters range from 0.62 to 1.98 RA (where RA = air 3He/4He), indicating the presence of up to 25% mantle-derived helium. Given the long duration since, and large distance to active magmatism in the region, and the possible presence of a tear in the flat slab south of the Cordillera Blanca, we suggest that mantle helium may originate from asthenosphere entering the slab tear, or from the continental mantle-lithosphere, mobilized by metasomatic fluids derived from slab dehydration.
Newell, Dennis L., Micah J. Jessup, David R. Hilton, Colin A. Shaw, and Cameron A. Hughes. “Mantle-Derived Helium in Hot Springs of the Cordillera Blanca, Peru: Implications for Mantle-to-Crust Fluid Transfer in a Flat-Slab Subduction Setting.” Chemical Geology 417 (December 2015): 200–209. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.10.003.
|
<urn:uuid:6f030c76-c01f-49c3-83b5-0c5bf7c8c8a4>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/9474
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.833139 | 521 | 2.75 | 3 |
Vitamin D – the “sunshine vitamin” – is known to benefit bone and muscle health by promoting calcium absorption in the gut and maintains adequate serum calcium and phosphate concentrations to enable normal mineralization of bone. It is also needed for bone growth and bone remodeling by osteoblasts and osteoclasts. A major global study led by Queen Mary University of London (QMUL) added one more benefit confirming Vitamin D’s role in protecting against acute respiratory infections including colds and flu.
The results, published in The BMJ
, are based on a new analysis of raw data from around 11,000 participants in 25 clinical trials conducted in 14 countries including the UK, USA, Japan, India, Afghanistan, Belgium, Italy, Australia and Canada. The analysis of pooled raw data from each of the 10,933 trial participants has yielded the first definitive evidence that vitamin D protects against respiratory infections.
The analysis showed that the Vitamin D baseline level and supplementation schedule affect vitamin D’s protective effects with the effects being strongest in those who have the lowest vitamin D levels and when supplementation is given daily or weekly rather than in more widely spaced doses. Specifically, daily or weekly supplementation of vitamin D halved the risk of acute respiratory infection in people with the lowest baseline vitamin D levels, below 25 nanomoles per litre (nmol/L). People with higher baseline vitamin D levels also benefited, although the effect was more modest with 10 per cent risk reduction. Overall, the reduction in risk of acute respiratory infection induced by vitamin D was on a par with the protective effect of injectable flu vaccine against flu-like illnesses.
Previous studies have suggested that vitamin D may protect against respiratory infections by boosting levels of antimicrobial peptides — natural antibiotic-like substances — in the lungs. Results of the QMUL study fit with the observation that colds and flu are commonest in winter and spring, when levels of vitamin D are at their lowest. They may also explain why vitamin D protects against asthma attacks, which are commonly triggered by respiratory viruses.
So what’s the take home lesson? Taking vitamin D supplement on the regular basis could be a highly cost-effective way to protect you and your family against acute respiratory infections especially in wintertime, in addition to warding off the osteoporosis and supporting your teenager’s growth spur.
The study was conducted by a consortium of 25 investigators from 21 institutions worldwide and funded by the National Institute for Health Research.
Thanks for reading.
Adrian R Martineau, David A Jolliffe, Richard L Hooper, Lauren Greenberg, John F Aloia, Peter Bergman, Gal Dubnov-Raz, Susanna Esposito, Davaasambuu Ganmaa, Adit A Ginde, Emma C Goodall, Cameron C Grant, Christopher J Griffiths, Wim Janssens, Ilkka Laaksi, Semira Manaseki-Holland, David Mauger, David R Murdoch, Rachel Neale, Judy R Rees, Steve Simpson, Iwona Stelmach, Geeta Trilok Kumar, Mitsuyoshi Urashima, Carlos A Camargo. Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory tract infections: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data
, 2017; i6583 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.i6583
SGC is an R&D focused developer of nutraceutical and pharmaceutical gummy products. The company specializes in formulating Functional Gummy® products combining the wealth of the in-house knowledge in pharmaceutics, chemistry, western medicine and herbal medicine. The company provides performance gummies® inspired by Traditional Chinese Medicine including MOCCA SHOTS™, ENERGON QUBE™, FUNCTIONAL FRUIT®, and SEATTLE BEAUTY®.
To learn more, visit https://seattlegummy.com
, [email protected],call 206-257-0464, or join at https://seattlegummy.com/be-an-informed-member/
|
<urn:uuid:e313b16c-caf2-48a7-ac2c-c371fd77d253>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://seattlegummy.com/blog/vitamin-d-protects-against-colds-and-flu-according-to-major-global-study/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.881252 | 849 | 3.671875 | 4 |
For millennia, people have used fenugreek as an important part of diet and medicine, but it has only recently been introduced to the West. Plants like fenugreek are not only nutritious: many studies suggest that they may provide numerous health benefits. Read more to learn about fenugreek’s effect on your health.
What Is Fenugreek?
Fenugreek is a leafy green legume native to Eurasia and Africa that is widely used for its nutritional and aromatic value .
For almost six thousand years, traditional healers in Africa and Asia have claimed that it eases labor, alleviates digestive problems, and improves skin conditions such as boils, eczema, and inflammation [1, 2, 3].
Fenugreek goes by many names around the world. It is methi in Hindi, hulba in Arabic, moshoseitaro in Greek, uluva in Malayalam, shoot in Hebrew, and dari in Persian. Fenugreek is a common ingredient in spice powders in Indian cuisine. It is used fresh in salads and cooked or dried in other dishes .
Today, it is most often taken by athletes, diabetics, and people who struggle to maintain normal levels of fat in their blood .
Fenugreek oil contains a high concentration of polyunsaturated fats (approximately 84%). According to some studies, people who eat a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fats (compared to saturated and monounsaturated fats) may have healthier hearts and better blood vessel repair after injury .
Fenugreek is also rich in dietary fiber, which accounts for between 45 and 50% of the seeds by weight. Diets high in fiber support good overall health, aid digestion, and reduce blood fat and sugar .
Each tablespoon of fenugreek seed contains approximately 7 g of fiber, 3.6 g of protein, and 1.1 g of fats. It also contains many nutrients, including :
- 1.7 – 6 mg of vitamin C
- 47.6 μg of vitamin B1 (thiamine)
- 0.04 – 0.05 mg of vitamin B2 (riboflavin)
- 0.84 mg of vitamin B3 (niacin)
- 0.08 mg of vitamin B6
- 0.33 mg of zinc
- 0.13 mg of copper
- 3.6 mg of iron
It may not sound like much, but those are significant amounts in terms of daily recommended intakes.
Consider, for example, that the National Institutes of Health recommends that adults should get between 8 mg (for a man) and 18 mg (for a woman) of iron in their diets per day. A single tablespoon of fenugreek seeds contains 20 – 45% of the daily recommended intake of iron [6, 7].
According to some researchers, a number of the health benefits of fenugreek could be due to its saponins. Many plants produce different saponins; plants use these soap-like compounds as weapons against disease and plant-eating animals. However, some herbivorous animals may learn that some saponins are healthy (or, at least, not dangerous) and will deliberately consume the plants that make them .
Some research suggests that certain saponins may help protect against cancer. People who eat a lot of safe dietary saponins tend to have lower cholesterol, sugar, and fat in the blood and a lower incidence of blood clotting and kidney stones. And what’s more, fenugreek contains steroid-like saponins that some researchers believe might form the basis for a testosterone boost [9, 10, 11].
Trigonelline, another compound of fenugreek, is an alkaloid with a structure very similar to vitamin B3. According to some studies, trigonelline could potentially have antibacterial, antiviral, fat-lowering, sugar-lowering, anti-tumor, and brain-protective effects .
Some commercially available “testosterone boosters” with fenugreek claim to increase testosterone by blocking aromatase, 5-alpha-reductase, or sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). But what does this mean?
Aromatase and 5-alpha-reductase enzymes convert testosterone into estrogen and DHT. Thus, a substance that blocks these enzymes should increase the ratio of testosterone to estrogen and testosterone to DHT. According to one study, college-age men taking fenugreek saponins had lower aromatase and 5-alpha-reductase activity after a resistance training program .
Note that only one study has identified this mechanism, and it has not been investigated in cell studies. Much more research will be required to confirm any effect of fenugreek on testosterone.
Meanwhile, sex hormone binding globulin, or SHBG, binds to testosterone in the blood and decreases free testosterone. Only one study has investigated the effect of fenugreek on SHBG so far. This study found no significant change in SHBG after two months of supplementation .
Insulin & Blood Sugar
According to proponents of medicinal fenugreek, an amino acid found in fenugreek (4-hydroxyisoleucine) increases insulin production in the pancreas; increased insulin generally causes blood sugar to decline, though chronically high insulin promotes insulin resistance [16, 17].
To understand fenugreek’s anticancer potential, we’re going to zoom into its effects on cancer on a cellular level.
Saponins in fenugreek may deactivate key cancer-promoting pathways. Specifically, in one study, tumors exposed to a saponin called diosgenin grew much more slowly. The treated cells produced less tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and two more proteins (IKK and p65). The authors concluded that diosgenin blocked the inflammatory hub NF-κB and increased the rate at which cancer cells died .
Side Effects & Safety
There is one reported case of a man developing pulmonary embolism, or a blood clot in the lung, after taking a testosterone-boosting supplement containing fenugreek. The mechanism of this event was unclear .
According to some researchers, people who are allergic to chickpeas may also have adverse reactions to fenugreek because the two plants contain similar proteins and allergens. Some patients reported wheezing and spasms in the airway after consuming fenugreek .
Fenugreek seed extract has been associated with hyperthyroidism in rats. If you have thyroid problems, consult your doctor before using fenugreek .
Traditionally, fenugreek was used to induce labor. Because of its potential to affect uterine contractions, fenugreek should not be eaten or taken during pregnancy. While fenugreek is a relatively common foodstuff, little formal research exists on its effects during breastfeeding [22, 4].
The list of potential interactions below should not be considered exhaustive; other substances may interact with fenugreek. Better safe than sorry! Always talk to your doctor before starting a new supplement to avoid dangerous and unexpected interactions.
Because of its blood-thinning properties, fenugreek seed may increase the potency of warfarin, a commonly prescribed anticoagulant. While the observed association has been minor, it may increase the risk of blood loss, even from small cuts [23, 4].
According to some researchers, the sticky fiber in fenugreek seed that helps it moisturize dry skin could potentially also coat the lining of the digestive tract and blocks the absorption of drugs taken orally. Therefore, it’s important to talk to your doctor before taking fenugreek alongside prescription drugs .
Since fenugreek may lower blood sugar, it should not be combined with glucose-lowering medication like insulin. This combination has the potential to promote hypoglycemia (abnormally low blood sugar), which can cause unsteadiness, dizziness, and nausea, especially in older people. If you have a history of hypoglycemia, talk to your doctor before taking fenugreek supplements [4, 24, 25].
- At rs12150660, the G allele is associated with lower testosterone than the T allele .
- At rs6258, the rare T allele is associated with lower testosterone than the C allele .
- At rs2075230, the G allele is associated with slightly lower testosterone and SHBG than the A allele .
- At rs5934505, the common T allele is associated with lower testosterone than the C allele
Researchers have identified a few genes that control a person’s insulin sensitivity. These include :
- At rs1208, the A allele is associated with insulin resistance .
- At rs972283, the G allele is associated with insulin resistance .
- At rs2943641, the C allele is associated with insulin resistance .
- At rs2943650, the T allele is associated with insulin resistance .
Forms of Fenugreek
As a dietary supplement, fenugreek is available in capsules or as loose defatted seed powder. Ground up seeds can also be mixed into foods and liquids; this powder is used as a spice in vindaloo paste.
Search for fenugreek seed or “methi” recipes for some creative ways to get this superfood into your diet.
Fenugreek is considered a relatively easy plant to grow in a pot or the ground; both the seeds and the greens are good to eat. Both fenugreek leaves and seeds can also be soaked in hot water to make tea. One tablespoon of the seeds is typically enough to make a cup of tea.
Fenugreek oil is also sold for hair care, usually combined with other nourishing oils.
Some athletes take fenugreek seed and creatine supplements in an attempt to improve athletic performance. In a study of 47 resistance-trained men, those who supplemented with 5 g creatine and 900 mg fenugreek had increased upper body strength and improved body composition. This study does not clarify how much of the result could be due to the fenugreek .
A combination of fenugreek seed and Lespedeza cuneata extracts was given to 44 otherwise healthy men with low testosterone. After 8 weeks of taking 400 mg of combined supplement per day, about a third of the participants gave significantly improved responses on a survey designed to identify severe androgen deficiency. Much more research will be needed to reproduce and interpret these results [36, 37].
Fenugreek is often sold in combination with other supplements, such as blessed thistle or fennel, with claims of increasing milk production in breastfeeding mothers. The effectiveness of these combinations has not been studied.
According to one study, a single cup of tea made from boiled fenugreek seeds may be enough to reduce your appetite.
Studies on the clinical use of defatted fenugreek seed powder typically use large quantities of up to 100 g per day, though some have found a benefit with as little as 5 g per day .
Commercial supplements typically contain less than 1 g of powder per capsule.
If you are looking to get a larger amount of fenugreek without breaking the bank, try cooking with or grinding up the whole seeds. This could be a great opportunity to expand your household cookbook!
Fenugreek is a leafy plant native to parts of Eurasia and Africa. It has been a part of traditional medicine for millennia, and many cultures cook with it to this day. According to some researchers, its saponins are most likely responsible for its reported benefits.
Avoid fenugreek if you are allergic to chickpeas, if you have thyroid problems, or if you are pregnant. People who are genetically prone to low testosterone or insulin resistance are among the most likely to benefit from fenugreek supplements. Always consult your doctor before starting a new supplement such as fenugreek.
Fenugreek is available in capsules, as a seed powder, as whole seeds, or as a whole plant. The seeds and leaves are both healthy and safe to consume for most people.
|
<urn:uuid:77abcfad-f559-4710-980b-815a6f8c5a4c>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://selfhacked.com/blog/fenugreek-nutrition-safety/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.937433 | 2,548 | 3.265625 | 3 |
Leonardo Bruni de Studiis et Litteris 21
“In my opinion, ignorance of the poets is debilitating in literary affairs. The poets speak so much, so fittingly, and so wisely about life and manners, about the principles and causes of nature and generation; these can be found in the poets as the seeds of all learning. There is in them also a great authority based on their reputation for wisdom and their distinction; there is a notable splendor which stems from their elegance; there is an ingenuity so befitting free men that anyone who lacks it will seem like an uneducated yokel. What is lacking in Homer, that we should not consider him to be the wisest man in every kind of wisdom? Some people claim that his poetry is a complete education for life, equally divided between times of war and peace.”
Mea quidem sententia mancus quodammodo in litteris est, qui poetas non didicit. Nam de vita moribusque percommode multa sapienterque ab illis dicta et naturae generationisque principia et causae et quasi doctrinarum omnium semina in illis reperiuntur; et inest auctoritas magna propter opinionem sapientiae ac vetustatem et splendor eximius propter elegantiam et ingenuitas quaedam liberis hominibus digna, ut, cui haec non adsit, paene subrusticus videatur. Quid Homero deest, quominus in omni sapientia sapientissimus existimari possit? Eius poesim totam esse doctrinam vivendi quidam ostendunt, in belli tempora pacisque divisam.
|
<urn:uuid:e3d1657f-2f6b-4d94-bdde-1d569c44efad>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://sententiaeantiquae.com/2016/12/05/homer-an-education-for-life/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.77586 | 375 | 2.640625 | 3 |
In the realm of vaping, falsehood and fantasies can flourish, prompting misconceptions and pointless feelings of trepidation. It’s crucial for discrete reality from fiction to come to informed conclusions about vaping. Here, we expose a few normal confusions about vape units:
Fantasy 1: Vaping Is all around as Hurtful as Smoking
Reality: While vaping isn’t altogether sans risk, it is by and large thought to be less destructive than smoking conventional cigarettes. Vaping dispenses with the ignition cycle that produces unsafe tar and numerous poisons found in tobacco smoke. General Wellbeing Britain and the Regal School of Doctors in the UK have expressed that flum float vaping is no less than 95% less unsafe than smoking.
Fantasy 2: Vaping Causes Popcorn Lung
Reality: Popcorn lung, or bronchiolitis obliterans, is a serious lung condition related with openness to diacetyl, a substance tracked down in some e-fluids. Be that as it may, diacetyl is restricted or profoundly directed in e-fluids in numerous nations, and the gamble of creating popcorn lung from vaping is very low with controlled items.
Legend 3: Vaping Is a Passage to Smoking for Teenagers
Reality: The “passage” hypothesis proposes that vaping could lead youngsters to begin smoking conventional cigarettes. While there have been worries about adolescent vaping, concentrates on have not definitively shown that vaping straightforwardly prompts smoking. Successful avoidance measures, like age limitations and instructive missions, are fundamental to beat underage vaping down.
Legend 4: Vaping Is Comparably Habit-forming as Smoking
Reality: Vape cases frequently contain nicotine, an exceptionally drug tracked down in tobacco. Nonetheless, the nicotine content in e-fluids can fluctuate, and some vapers steadily diminish their nicotine admission after some time. Vaping permits clients to modify their nicotine levels and can act as a smoking suspension instrument for those hoping to stop.
Legend 5: Handed down Fume Is Destructive
Reality: Handed down fume from vaping is fundamentally less hurtful than handed-down cigarette smoke from customary cigarettes. While it’s not altogether innocuous, the dangers to observers are a lot of lower because of the shortfall of tobacco ignition and the decreased arrival of destructive synthetics very high.
Fantasy 6: Vaping Is Similarly Destructive to Lungs as Smoking
Reality: Vaping has been related with specific lung issues, fundamentally connected to the utilization of unregulated or bootleg market items and non-standard fixings. Be that as it may, contrasted with smoking, vaping has a lower hazard of causing lung illnesses like persistent obstructive pneumonic infection (COPD) and cellular breakdown in the lungs.
Legend 7: Vaping Has No Advantages for Smokers
Reality: Vaping has been effective in assisting numerous smokers with stopping customary cigarettes. Some wellbeing associations, for example, the UK’s Public Wellbeing Administration (NHS), embrace vaping as a damage decrease instrument for smokers who have neglected to stop through different techniques.
Fantasy 8: All Vape Units Are Something very similar
Reality: Vape cases come in different plans, sizes, and functionalities. They can contrast in battery duration, case limit, and elements. Picking the right vape unit requires thought of your own inclinations and necessities.
Legend 9: Vaping Is Just for Youngsters
Reality: While vaping has acquired ubiquity among youthful grown-ups and youngsters, there are numerous grown-up smokers who go to vaping as a possibly less hurtful option in contrast to conventional cigarettes.
Fantasy 10: Vaping Has No Guidelines
Reality: Vape unit guidelines fluctuate by district, however numerous nations have carried out severe guidelines on e-fluids, nicotine fixations, publicizing, and bundling. It’s fundamental for clients with know about and comply to neighborhood vaping guidelines.
Clearing up these legends is fundamental to guarantee that people approach exact data while considering vaping as an option in contrast to smoking or as a sporting movement. While vaping isn’t without gambles, it’s fundamental to comprehend the real factors and progressing research encompassing this training to pursue informed decisions.
|
<urn:uuid:d8ef3c4a-bce6-4e85-a24d-339725d49b75>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://seotoolmag.net/vape-case-fantasies-exposed-exposing-normal-misguided-judgments/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.909985 | 878 | 2.515625 | 3 |
One of the essentials that you need as the owner of a small animal at home (dogs or cats)
It is important to have a thermometer and know how to use it so that in case you happen to see that your animal goes to a cold or lethargic place, the first thing you do is measure its temperature.
How to measure temperature and where to measure it
Location: Exit (anus)
It is easier to use the digital thermometer compared to the normal one. First, you insert the thermometer into the anus and move it gently until it enters. Wait from half a minute to a minute until the thermometer makes a sound, then you read the temperature on the digital screen.
For more information about the digital thermometer, you can click on the following link
|
<urn:uuid:aeb723fb-2a14-4974-9ba1-bf6c116107fa>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://shopivet.com/en-en/blogs/news/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%87-%D9%88%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.890695 | 161 | 2.625 | 3 |
|The Berlin Archaeopteryx specimen (A. siemensii).|
Meyer, 1861 (conserved name)
Archaeopteryx is one of the most important fossils ever discovered. It is a flying dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic, about 150 million years ago. It shows the evolutionary link between non-avian theropod dinosaurs and birds, but it is not the ancestor of modern birds.
Archaeopteryx was a small carnivorous dinosaur with feathers and wings. It had a mouth with teeth, claws on the hands and a long tail. Today, it is known that dromaeosaurs, and possibly most other extinct theropods, looked like birds and that many had feathers. When they are born, today's South American hoatzin have claws on their wings when they are young, just like Archaeopteryx.
Analysis[change | change source]
Thomas Henry Huxley ("Darwin's bulldog"), who was a comparative anatomist, made a study of this nearly 150 years ago. He compared Archaeopteryx with a small theropod dinosaur, Compsognathus. Both of the fossils came from the same place: Solnhofen in Bavaria, Germany. The strata come from the end of the Jurassic period, about 144 million years ago. He showed that both were very similar except for the front limbs and feathers of Archaeopteryx. E.D. Cope also came to the same conclusion.
Huxley's study showed the basic relationship between birds and reptiles. He united them under the title of Sauropsida. His papers on Archaeopteryx and the origin of birds have been of great interest ever since. Huxley concluded that birds evolved from small carnivorous dinosaurs.
Status today[change | change source]
Archaeopteryx used to be considered the first bird. Nowadays, it is not the only fossil of a bird-like dinosaur. A similar species called Anchiornis huxlei lived from 160 to 155 million years ago. It had feathers on both front and rear legs, and could probably glide. It may or may not have had some ability to fly. This discovery means we cannot say Archaeopteryx is the first known bird, but its contribution to science has been huge. We now know for sure that a whole group of small theropod dinosaurs had feathers, and that flight was a later, secondary, use of feathers. The first use of feathers was temperature regulation, and probably also signalling (see Epidexipteryx).
Many scientists nowadays do not consider Archaeopteryx a true bird (=a member of the lineage Aves). They only consider it a relative of birds. This classification does not reflect a different evolutionary hypothesis, it simply defines Aves (birds) less broadly.
Directly ancestral or not?[change | change source]
It may be that Archaeopteryx is not directly ancestral to modern birds, but it is still a fine transitional fossil.
- "Archaeopteryx, for example, is not necessarily directly ancestral to birds. It may have been a species on a side-branch. However, that in no way disqualifies it as a transitional form, or as evidence for evolution. Evolution predicts that such fossils will exist, and if there was no link between reptiles and birds then Archaeopteryx would not exist, whether it is directly ancestral or not".
Related pages[change | change source]
Further reading[change | change source]
- Chambers P. 2002. Bones of contention: the fossil that shook science. London: John Murray. ISBN 0-7195-6059-4
- Shipman P. 1998. Taking wing: Archaeopteryx and the evolution of bird flight. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 0-297-84156-4
References[change | change source]
- "Troodontidae Gilmore, 1924". theropoddatabase.com. Archived from the original on 3 April 2019.
- Benton M.J. 2015. Vertebrate palaeontology. Wiley Blackwell ISBN 978-1-118-40684-7, p. 274.
- Mayr, Gerald et al 2007. The tenth skeletal specimen of Archaeopteryx. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 149 (1), 97–116.
- Huxley T.H. 1868. On the animals which are most nearly intermediate between birds and reptiles. Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 4th series. 2: 66–75.
- Cope E.D. 1867. An account of the extinct reptiles which approached the birds. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 19: 234–235.
- Paul G. 2002. Dinosaurs of the Air, the evolution and loss of flight in dinosaurs and birds. p171–224 Johns Hopkins, Baltimore. ISBN 0-8018-6763-0
- Foster, Michael and Lankester, E. Ray (eds )1898–1903. The scientific memoirs of Thomas Henry Huxley. 4 vols and supplement, Macmillan, London ISBN 1432640119
- Hu D.; et al. (2009), "A pre-Archaeopteryx troodontid theropod from China with long feathers on the metatarsus", Nature, 461 (7264): 640–643, Bibcode:2009Natur.461..640H, doi:10.1038/nature08322, PMID 19794491, S2CID 205218015
- Gauthier, J. & de Queiroz, K. 2001. Feathered dinosaurs, flying dinosaurs, crown dinosaurs, and the name "Aves". pp. 7–41. In Gauthier, J. & Gall, L.F. (eds.) New Perspectives on the Origin and Early Evolution of Birds: Proceedings of the International Symposium in Honor of John H. Ostrom. New Haven: Peabody Museum of Natural History. ISBN 0-912532-57-2 hdl: 10088/4690
- Theunissen, Lionel 1997. TalkOrigins Archive
|
<urn:uuid:617a7ad1-c4f5-4202-a2a8-ccdab947eaf3>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeopteryx
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.837477 | 1,303 | 3.9375 | 4 |
- Warning signs of violent behavior
- Causes of violence in the workplace
- Conflict resolution framework
- Bullying in the workplace
- Assault in the workplace
- Active shooter and hostage situations
- Real-world case studies
- Fully accessible
- Games & Flashcards
- Video content
- Define workplace violence
- Identify the warning signs of violent behavior
- Explain the causes of violence in the workplace
- Describe strategies for resolving dangerous conflict
- Discuss the role of emotions in people's behavior
- Identifying bullying behavior and address its presence in the workplace
- Explain ways to prevent and deal with assault and sexual harassment in the workplace
- Describe ways to handle active shooter and hostage situations
This course has an "Ask the Expert" feature, which submits your questions directly to an expert in the field you are studying. Questions are answered as quickly as possible and usually within 24 hours.
As anAccredited Provider, MindEdge offers for its learning events that comply with the Continuing Education and Training Standard.
Learners must achieve an average test score of at least 70% to meet the minimum successful completion requirement and qualify to receivecredit. Learners will have three attempts at all graded assessments.
|
<urn:uuid:e9ec518a-70eb-4803-90b0-b0b4381e5ad3>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://skyelearning.com/courses/1778/hr-hot-topic-handling-workplace-violence
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.919432 | 250 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Photos and story by Allison Arteaga
Florida Wildlife Hospital Helps Keep
Native Critters Healthy and Happy
If you didn’t know what you were looking for, you might drive right past it. Florida Wildlife Hospital, located in Palm Shores just off of U.S. 1, is a nondescript yellow building marked only by a small wooden sign. Four lanes of traffic whiz by outside, but within the walls of the compound is a peaceful haven for wildlife in need. Even though the Florida Wildlife Hospital itself might be easy to overlook, there’s no denying that the organization is doing big things for local fauna here on the Space Coast.
Initially founded almost four decades ago, Florida Wildlife Hospital has been serving in its current capacity since about 1997, with the purpose of rehabilitating sick, injured, and orphaned native or migratory Florida species for release back into the wild. Though it is state and federally licensed, the organization is funded solely by donations and staffed almost entirely by volunteers. But thanks to the community’s support, Florida Wildlife Hospital manages to care for almost 5,000 animals brought in by good Samaritans and local agencies each year, making it one of the busiest facilities of its type anywhere in the state.
“You never know what’s going to come in through the door,” said Florida Wildlife Hospital Director Sue Small who regularly works with everything from gopher tortoises and bald eagles to river otters, pelicans, and possums. “We could have anywhere from five patients to 35 patients on any given day, and some of those can be very critical, like a sandhill crane hit by a car that needs immediate attention in order to survive. And in addition to everything that’s coming in throughout the day, we’re also busy taking care of the animals that came in previously that are getting medications and bandage changes, are being fed, or are being evaluated for release. So every day is very busy, and every day is different.”
Luckily, the organization can readily care for an influx of patients in its 4,000 square foot facility, which features an operating room, lab, and multiple critical care rooms, in addition to outdoor rehabilitation enclosures on the surrounding five-acre property that are meant to mimic natural habitats. Several local veterinarians help out with the most complicated injury cases, and the rest of the work, which is largely animal husbandry and nursing, is done mostly by everyday Space Coast residents who volunteer more than 11,000 hours annually to keep Florida Wildlife Hospital running.
“There is no way we could operate without our volunteers,” Sue expressed. “There just isn’t enough funding to pay people to do all the work that needs to be done around here.”
Florida Wildlife Hospital also relies entirely on the local community to help cover the costs of caring for
wildlife, which largely boil down to medications and specialty foods that closely resemble natural diets. But as the number of animals coming through the doors increases each year, the facility also needs to build additional rehabilitation enclosures. And, sometimes, donor dollars aren’t quite enough to keep up with it all. “One of the biggest challenges has been finding enough funding to keep the hospital going and to continue to expand and improve,” Sue expressed. But despite the challenges, there are plenty of moments that make it all worthwhile. “The biggest reward is when an animal that came in the door almost dead gets to be released back into the wild,” she said.
Reintroduction is the ultimate goal for every animal treated at Florida Wildlife Hospital, which means the organization’s animal-care practices are a bit different from those of other types of facilities. “In a vet’s office or even a zoo, where the animals are permanent residents, you develop a relationship with the animal. They get used to you, and you get used to them. But here, we want to keep them wild, so we have to interact with them as little as possible,” Sue explains. “There’s no petting, no baby talk, and no unnecessary handling. Once they’re old enough to start eating on their own and don’t have to be hand fed, we severely limit their interaction with humans, and we get them into the outdoor enclosures as soon as possible, so that they’re in a more natural environment.”
It’s a process that works well for a large portion of Florida Wildlife Hospital patients. At the end of their recovery period, all animals are evaluated for release, and in order to be eligible, they must demonstrate an ability to take care of themselves as they would in the wild, which means having the physical strength to find food and evade predators. Those that can do so are then taken back to the site where they were originally found or released in a more suitable local habitat where they can roam freely once more.
Unfortunately, though, some animals never quite recover enough to be reintroduced to the wild. Those that can’t survive on their own are mostly placed in zoos and sanctuaries or housed as permanent residents at Florida Wildlife Hospital, where they help out with educational programs meant to inspire people to protect wildlife.
“So many of the situations that result in animals coming here are caused by people, so education is very important,” said Sue.
“Trash in the environment, like fishing gear and plastic soda rings, is huge as far as causing injuries, and we also see a lot of injuries from cats and dogs, so those are some of the things that we try to get people to understand.”
In a world where our natural spaces are disappearing at a faster rate each year, the Florida Wildlife Hospital’s educational message of preserving local fauna is certainly an easy one to get behind. In fact, volunteer Jo Faden was so moved by her first experience with the organization that she has since spent the last 11 years working her way up to the position of senior volunteer and president of the board of directors.
“I think it’s important to preserve wildlife everywhere,” she said. “People are pouring concrete over everything, taking away the homes of wildlife, so I think we need to make room for them and understand that they were here before we were.”
In the meantime, the Florida Wildlife Hospital is dedicated to helping ensure that native wildlife will be around for the enjoyment of future generations of Space Coast residents and tourists alike. Thanks to the organization’s rehabilitation and reintroduction efforts, tens of thousands of former patients are now happily roaming Brevard’s green spaces, hiding in plain sight. If you didn’t know what you were looking for, you might walk right past them. But that’s as it should be. Because, in spite of it all, or perhaps because of it all, Brevard’s wildlife remain fiercely and beautifully wild.
- Donate money or items
- Volunteer to help out with animal care or facility maintenance
- Book a Florida Wildlife Hospital educational program for your class or group
- Reduce your personal impacts on wildlife
- Bring injured animals to Florida Wildlife Hospital when safe and necessary
Find out how at FloridaWildlifeHospital.org
|
<urn:uuid:bbaf39cc-efaa-449f-bb0b-6f7673d104b5>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://spacecoastliving.com/the-wild-side/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.967699 | 1,513 | 2.59375 | 3 |
- Choose a recent outbreak or other public health emergency situation that has drawn significant media attention and describe how specific occupational categories in the public health infrastructure contributed to either the emergency situation or its solution. Please properly cite and reference you sources of information (APA).
- Discuss the competencies needed for public health workers. Why are competency frameworks important? (Chapter 7 and the last Chapter 7 PowerPoint slide)
Expert Solution Preview
As a medical professor in charge of creating college assignments and answers for medical college students, it is important to focus on real-world scenarios and situations that students may encounter in their future careers. This includes discussing recent public health emergencies and the competencies needed for public health workers.
A recent outbreak that drew significant media attention was the Ebola outbreak in West Africa in 2014. This outbreak affected multiple countries, resulting in over 28,000 cases and 11,000 deaths (World Health Organization, 2020). Specific occupational categories that played a key role in either contributing to the emergency situation or its solution include healthcare workers, epidemiologists, and public health officials.
In the beginning, healthcare workers were particularly vulnerable to contracting the disease due to a lack of proper protective equipment and training. However, as the outbreak continued, healthcare workers received more training and resources to better handle and prevent the spread of the disease. Epidemiologists were also crucial in identifying and tracking the spread of the disease, allowing interventions to be implemented. Finally, public health officials played a critical role in coordinating the response across multiple countries and organizations.
World Health Organization. (2020). Ebola virus disease. https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/ebola-virus-disease
Competencies for public health workers include a mix of technical, interpersonal, and leadership skills. Technical skills include specific knowledge and expertise in areas such as epidemiology, biostatistics, and environmental health. Interpersonal skills include the ability to communicate effectively with various stakeholders, including healthcare providers, policymakers, and community members. Leadership skills are also essential, as public health workers are often responsible for coordinating and leading teams and programs.
Competency frameworks are important because they provide a clear set of expectations for public health workers and can help guide professional development and performance evaluations. They can also help ensure that public health workers have the necessary skills and knowledge to address complex and evolving public health challenges.
Bureau of Health Workforce. (n.d.). Public Health Workforce Development. https://bhw.hrsa.gov/workforce-public-health
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014). Public Health Competency-Based Training Needs Assessment. https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/ehs/Docs/Public_Health_Competency_Based_Training_Needs_Assessment.pdf.
#Choose #outbreak #public #health #emergency #situation
|
<urn:uuid:26a1737e-d29e-4a5c-86bd-ac459cc6eb99>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://speedyhomeworktutors.com/2023/03/29/choose-a-recent-outbreak-or-other-public-health-emergency-situation/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.940042 | 604 | 3.546875 | 4 |
COVID-19 Curriculum Recovery Plan
Nobody quite knows how adversely affected our children have been by the absence of daily routine which schools provide. From the evidence available, we can assume some will have felt acutely the anguish caused by the lack of social interaction or feel loss from not being able to undertake the informal rituals of school life – the missed school journey or end of year production, the rites of passage for young people transitioning into the next phase of their lives.
It underlines that schools are so much more than places which provide education – they are about people. Our schools are communities; we embody values; we model relationships required for modern life to function: collaboration, getting on with others, friendship.
So, as we support all of our pupils as they return to school in September, our attention shifts as much towards helping children come back to us and each other as it necessitates considering the formal curriculum. Our recovery curriculum needs to balance how to learn best with what to learn. This is summarised from the work of Professor Barry Carpenter, CBE, PhD. (Professor of Mental Health in Education, Oxford Brookes University), taken from his Recovery Curriculum model:
Lever 1: Relationships – we can’t expect our students to return joyfully, and many of the relationships that were thriving, may need to be invested in and restored. We need to plan for this to happen, not assume that it will. Reach out to greet them, use the relationships we build to cushion the discomfort of returning.
Lever 2: Community – we must recognise that curriculum will have been based in the community for a long period of time. We need to listen to what has happened in this time, understand the needs of our community and engage them in the transitioning of learning back into school.
Lever 3: Transparent Curriculum – all of our students will feel like they have lost time in learning and we must show them how we are addressing these gaps, consulting and co-constructing with our students to heal this sense of loss.
Lever 4: Metacognition – in different environments, students will have been learning in different ways. It is vital that we make the skills for learning in a school environment explicit to our students to reskill and rebuild their confidence as learners.
Lever 5: Space – to be, to rediscover self, and to find their voice on learning in this issue. It is only natural that we all work at an incredible pace to make sure this group of learners are not disadvantaged against their peers, providing opportunity and exploration alongside the intensity of our expectations.
We have used the research of Barry Carpenter, a leading educational consultant, to plan the initial phase of our Curriculum Recovery to ensure we provide a quality education, which is broad, balanced and challenging for all – regardless of starting points.
Please click on the links below to view recovery curriculum documnets.
|
<urn:uuid:002df188-6701-4d80-988f-32c2da66344b>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://st-winefrides.newham.sch.uk/learning/recovery-curriculum/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.966082 | 597 | 3.109375 | 3 |
Tobacco has a bad rap in modern society due to its links to emphysema and cancer as well as other health effects. But tobacco was once a staple ceremonial and trade plant that has a rich tradition of use in our native populations. The Hopi tobacco plant contains powerful alkaloids and is not the same as today’s tobacco. The potent compounds in the leaves make the tobacco an excellent organic pesticide, an added benefit on a beautiful heritage plant.
Many of our heirloom tobacco plants have died out due to manipulation of the gene pool and seed in an effort to create commercial use plants. These modified tobaccos are quite different from the traditional native plants. Hopi tobacco plants were revered for spiritual, medical and ceremonial uses. This is an easy plant to grow and seed is available. Brush up on some Hopi tobacco plant info and see if this plant is a good fit for your garden.
Hopi tobacco use was infrequent, with the plant reserved for special occasions and rites. The indigenous population of the north, south and central Americas believed tobacco smoke carried one’s prayers to the Gods. The native population of the Four Corners region had their own proprietal strain of tobacco. These heirloom tobacco plants are still available today and useful as a natural pesticide.
It also had medicinal uses for the treatment of cramps, boils and headaches. Hopi tobacco use by both men and women was traditional but only after the plant had been harvested. The plants themselves were only tended by men and women were not allowed to touch plants because a hopefully outdated sexist belief existed that women would damage the plant’s spirit.
|
<urn:uuid:09852187-05af-43e0-a3c0-645eb0afaef3>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://starfishhoney.com/products/nicotiana-rustica-yellow-flowering-hopi-tobacco
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.975757 | 336 | 3.5 | 4 |
In lab secrets, Tesla is talking about 20-year lithium ion batteries
Researchers have found that over three years of testing lithium ion NMC532 graphite battery cells have the potential to stay structurally sound long enough for cars to reach greater than 1 million miles, and grid connected energy storage to last more than 20 years under daily use.
If any particular technology takes all the oxygen from everyone else because it dominates an industry, then we’re going to have a dearth of investment in these other technologies, and we’ll just never know what we could have had. Let’s think about crystalline silicon solar modules controlling an industry which had a wealth of thin film innovation, and many other ideas. However, if a technology comes in and takes over, leading to broader industry expansion so that the investment crumbs are large enough to still support investment in these secondary ideas – and we get the great technology from the new leader – I’m going to argue we’ll benefit greatly.
In a research paper by a team at Tesla, A Wide Range of Testing Results on an Excellent Lithium-Ion Cell Chemistry to be used as Benchmarks for New Battery Technologies, up to three years of battery testing have found performance that suggests the potential for electric vehicle battery packs that can drive more than 1 million miles and last more than twenty years when used in stationary energy storage situations.
In the paper, testing results on LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 / artificial graphite (NMC532/AG) cells are presented. The authors note that of all the cells tested, the ones with the longest lifetime are the single crystal NMC532/AG cells.
The very technical document goes into many manners of testing multiple cell types under a broad sets of conditions. A specific cell (below image) had 97% capacity retention after 5,300 cycles. The authors noted that there were almost no microcracks in the electrode particles – which they suggested was the reason “why these cells show no loss of positive electrode active mass during cycling.”
|
<urn:uuid:dd3601c7-d2fb-4419-8e78-1898938b8e66>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://szaspower.com/industry-news/In-lab-secrets-Tesla-is-talkin.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.947158 | 432 | 2.953125 | 3 |
Global warming is one of the most dangerous challenges that all of humanity has ever faced. Its multiple effects will cause disruptions in everything from natural habitat to drinking water and food supply. And even more dangerously, it will give birth to some of the most powerful natural disasters ever known to mankind.
In 2004, the Tsunami in Asia displayed an unforgiving act of nature. Less than a year later, across continents in the United States, Hurricane Katrina delivered a blow of equal magnitude. Both the disasters caused massive humanitarian crisis, effecting hundreds of thousands of lives. These might not have been directly caused by global warming, but it certainly paints a picture of thing to come.
In India, the speed of cyclones in the Andra Pradesh region has jumped from an average of 150 kilometres per hours to 250 kph within just six years! And while some cities are at a risk of being washed out, other are at the risk of drying up.
Global warming will cause parts of the world to be very fertile for a period of time but simultaneously, it will also cause droughts in other parts. Scientists have estimated that as much as half a million people in Asia could face starvation within the next 30-40 years at this rate.
But it’s not just these devastating disasters that hint towards what’s happening with our weather. Summers are becoming hotter by the year, and this winter Ski resorts in Central America, Europe and the United States all lost business because it just hadn’t snowed like it used to even last year! For the first time in over a hundred years, Central Park in New York saw no snow in December 2006.
With global warming, “extreme weather” or “freak weather” is becoming a part of daily life. June and July alone has witnessed massive floods in the UK and parts of the United States, while in other parts of the United States heat has caused dangerous forest fires. And this week, the west coast is expected to hit temperatures in triple digits!
There is little argument that global warming is real and it causes changes in our weather pattern. Every week, scientists find more startling and disturbing evidence to support this fact. And the scientific community is trying everything from simple steps to cut carbon emission en masse, to designing colossal artificial air purifiers for earth. This time, it’s for the sake of our planet.
|
<urn:uuid:06dc11bf-5ba2-4ea1-80f4-3e1d5f475efd>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://tech-follow.com/increase-of-extreme-weather-due-to-global-warming/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.948674 | 488 | 3.34375 | 3 |
Proteinuria, or protein in the urine, is a common condition that can be caused by a variety of factors, including kidney disease, diabetes, and high blood pressure. While there is no cure for proteinuria, there are several ways to manage the condition and reduce the amount of protein in the urine. Drinking enough water is one of the most popular pieces of advice. But will drinking water really reduce protein in urine? In this article, we will explore Will Drinking Water Reduce Protein In Urine.
Here are Some Tips For Will Drinking Water Reduce Protein in Urine
Before we dive into the relationship between water intake and proteinuria, it’s important to understand what proteinuria is and how it is diagnosed. Proteinuria is a condition in which the urine contains an abnormally high concentration of protein. Normally, urine contains only a small amount of protein, but when the kidneys are not functioning properly, they may allow too much protein to pass into the urine. Proteinuria can be diagnosed through a simple urine test called a urinalysis.
The Role of Water in Proteinuria
Water plays an important role in maintaining kidney function and preventing proteinuria. When you drink water, it helps to flush out toxins and waste products from your body, including excess protein. Additionally, drinking water can help to dilute your urine, which can reduce the concentration of protein in your urine. However, it’s important to note that drinking water alone may not be enough to completely eliminate proteinuria.
The Importance of Hydration
Staying hydrated is important for overall health and well-being, but it is especially important for individuals with proteinuria. When you are dehydrated, your kidneys have to work harder to filter your blood and remove waste products. This can put additional stress on your kidneys and may lead to an increase in proteinuria. By staying hydrated, you can help to support your kidney function and reduce the risk of proteinuria.
How Much Water Should You Drink?
The quantity of water you should drink each day is determined by a number of factors, including your age, gender, weight, and degree of exercise. In general, individuals should drink at least eight glasses of water every day. However, if you have proteinuria or other kidney-related conditions, your doctor may recommend that you drink more water to help support your kidney function.
Other Ways to Manage Proteinuria
While drinking water is an important part of managing proteinuria, there are other steps you can take to help reduce the amount of protein in your urine. For example, you may need to make changes to your diet to reduce your intake of protein-rich foods. Additionally, you may need to take medications to help control underlying conditions that are contributing to your proteinuria.
The Importance of Regular Check-Up
If you have been diagnosed with proteinuria, it’s important to work closely with your healthcare provider to manage the condition. Regular check-ups and monitoring of your kidney function may be required. Your doctor may also recommend additional tests, such as a kidney biopsy, to determine the underlying cause of your proteinuria.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While drinking water and making lifestyle changes can help to manage proteinuria, there are times when medical attention may be necessary. If you experience symptoms such as swelling in your feet or ankles, difficulty breathing, or chest pain, it’s important to seek medical attention right away. These symptoms might be an indication of a more serious underlying disease that needs prompt care.
The Bottom Line
Drinking water can help to support kidney function and reduce the amount of protein in your urine. However, it’s important to remember that drinking water alone may not be enough to completely eliminate proteinuria. If you have been diagnosed with proteinuria, it’s important to work closely with your healthcare provider to manage the condition and determine the underlying cause. By making lifestyle changes, taking medications as prescribed, and attending regular check-ups, you can help to reduce the risk of complications and maintain your overall health and well-being.
|
<urn:uuid:a0ec70a8-c702-4130-8def-bac40c4b550c>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://techseetimes.com/will-drinking-water-reduce-protein-in-urine/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.953156 | 831 | 3.21875 | 3 |
2023 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine: Katalin Kariko and Drew Weissman shared the prize for medicine in recognition of their contributions to the creation of COVID-19-effective mRNA vaccines.
Weissman and Kariko’s research, according to the Nobel Committee, “fundamentally changed our understanding of how mRNA interacts with our immune system.”
“They have helped to accelerate vaccine research at a previously unheard-of rate amid one of the biggest risks to modern human health. The vaccinations have avoided serious illness in many more people and saved millions of lives, according to the Nobel Committee.
One of the most renowned prizes is the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. It was created by Alfred Nobel, a Swedish inventor of dynamite, as a way to recognise persons who have made remarkable contributions to medical research.
Emil von Behring received the first Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1901 for his groundbreaking research on serum treatment for diphtheria. The research of Behring served as the basis for the creation of vaccinations and immunotherapy.
At the age of 32, Frederick Banting, known for discovering insulin, holds the distinction of being the youngest person to receive the Nobel Prize in Medicine. Millions of people with this autoimmune condition benefitted from his ground-breaking work in the field of diabetes control.
In 2022, Svante Pääbo was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for his research on the DNA of extinct hominins and the history of humanity.
One of the six Nobel Prizes created by Alfred Nobel’s will is the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. On Tuesday, the Nobel Prize in Physics will be given; on Wednesday, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry; on Thursday, the Nobel Prize in Literature; on Friday, the Nobel Prize in Peace; and on Monday, the Nobel Prize in Economics.
The Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine is given each year to people or groups who have made outstanding contributions to medicine via ground-breaking discoveries, novel therapies, or the disclosure of previously unrecognised details about how the human body functions.
|
<urn:uuid:56db5415-a506-4cad-aa07-617d6dc9421e>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://theticopost.com/2023-nobel-prize-for-medicine-jointly-awarded-to-katalin-kariko-drew-weissman/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.930639 | 434 | 3.046875 | 3 |
Now that the Pentagon has lifted the 1994 ban barring women from serving in special-operations and combat units, critics are waging a battle of their own, insisting that women lack the physical and psychological stamina that combat requires. While military officials insist they won’t soften their intense standards in order to allow more women entry, opponents argue that women will never be able to join otherwise, and that the Pentagon’s push for diversity will only result in a weakened United States military that places us at risk. Right now, the Marine Corps is in the middle of an experiment to test whether women can adequately perform the tough work required to defend the nation.
But American history is already full of women who can answer that question: during the Civil War, there were as many as 400 women who disguised themselves as men and fought for both the Union and the Confederacy. They pulled off their charades so well that few people today even know their stories.
“War actually shapes history, and history has always been about men,” says C.J. Longanecker, a historian and former ranger for the National Park Service. “But women were always there; they just didn’t get the press coverage.”
For one female soldier buried in Chalmette National Cemetery in Louisiana, it took more than 100 years to get the press coverage she deserved. Her story ends just east of New Orleans, where 15,000 headstones stretch out in seemingly infinite rows, interrupted only by the occasional oak tree.
Her story begins, though, in 1843 in Afton, N.Y., when a farmer’s wife gave birth to the first of her nine children—Sarah Rosetta, or just Rosetta. Like the lives of so many other women who enlisted as men, Rosetta’s life would revolve around hard labor and her family’s many debts. By the time Rosetta turned 19, she still had no marriage offers—a suffocating verdict for a woman who lacked both education and social status in the 19th century.
So Rosetta cut her hair, found a pair of men’s trousers and became 21-year-old Lyons Wakeman, leaving behind her family’s farm and fighting for independence in the only way that seemed possible.
She enlisted with the 153rd New York Infantry regiment, which encamped at both Alexandria, Va., and Washington D.C. before campaigning in Louisiana. In her book An Uncommon Soldier, Historian Lauren Cook Burgess has assembled Rosetta’s private letters to her family from the battlefield. As Burgess’ book shows us, Rosetta not only survived in a soldier’s life, she excelled at it:
“I don’t know how long before I shall have to go in the field of battle,” Rosetta writes. “For my part I don’t care. I don’t feel afraid to go…I am as independent as a hog on the ice.”
The eager young woman took to chewing tobacco and adopted all the “vices” that a typical soldier embraced. The five-ft.-tall Rosetta even won a brawl once with a much larger and much rowdier soldier than she, landing a few punches on him and no doubt earning some cheers from her comrades.
Rosetta eventually fought in another kind of battle, one more savage than she could have imagined. The Battle of Pleasant Hill took place in northwest Louisiana on Apr. 9, 1864. It was part of the Union Army’s push to capture the area from the Confederates. “There was a heavy cannonading [sic] all day and a sharp firing of infantry,” Rosetta writes. ”I had to face the enemy bullets with my regiment. I was under fire about four hours and laid on the field of battle all night.” Rosetta’s regiment launched a full frontal attack on the Confederates, with their commanding officers later praising the 153rd for their fierce bravery.
Meanwhile, the soldier seemed forever haunted by her oppressed past life as a farmer’s daughter. In letters to New York, Rosetta can’t help repeat that she will never return home, as if she had to convince not only her family, but also herself.
“If I ever get clear from the Army I will come home and make you a visit, but I shall not stay long,” Rosetta writes. “I shall never live in that neighborhood again.”
Had Rosetta lived, she may well have spent the rest of her days as a man, as multiple women actually did when the fighting was over. Rosetta, however, did not live. She fell prey to the menace that killed more than 413,000 soldiers in the Civil War—disease. After the Battle of Pleasant Hill, Rosetta and her comrades were forced to participate in a hellish two-day, 70-mile march through the untamed Louisiana wilderness, with many men collapsing from exhaustion and pain before reaching the end. Rosetta survived, but developed chronic dysentery.
By the time Rosetta’s ambulance reached the Marine U.S.A General Hospital near New Orleans 15 days later, she had deteriorated into the acute stages of her disease.
Rosetta languished for a month and then died. Lyons Wakeman’s cover, however, did not. In a stunning combination of luck and poor 19th-century healthcare, it seems the Army never discovered Lyons’ true identity. The military ironically lists Lyons Wakeman as an “honest” and “faithful” soldier, who died from chronic diarrhea while serving.
Back in New York, the U.S. census that took place shortly after the war makes no mention of a Rosetta Wakeman, only listing the now-dead Lyons. Rosetta’s family never mentioned their eldest daughter again, instead hesitantly referring to a long-gone sibling “who went by the name of Lyons,” according to Burgess’ research. It wasn’t until the 1970s, when Rosetta’s descendants examined a stack of faded letters kept in an attic, that the astounding legacy of Rosetta—aka Lyons—was made public.
Could the Army hospital have possibly never noticed Rosetta’s true gender? Experts say it’s more plausible than you’d think. “Even enlisting, they didn’t do a physical examination without any clothes on, and people didn’t look at other people’s naked bodies in those days,” says Longanecker.
Conspiracy theories, however, abound. Longanecker believes the nurses at Marine U.S.A. General sympathized with Rosetta’s desperate masquerade. “Because she had been in the Army for some time, and because she was a well-respected soldier, they didn’t say anything because it would have prevented her parents from receiving any compensation for her death,” Longanecker says. “It was a kind of hush-hush thing.”
While Rosetta’s death may still be clouded with unanswered questions, her military service and contribution to the war couldn’t be clearer. Today, as we raise the question of women’s readiness for combat, we only have to remember Rosetta Wakeman—and the countless other women who’ve secretly served alongside men—for our answer.
- Taylor Swift Is TIME's 2023 Person of the Year
- Meet the Nation Builders
- Why Cell Phone Reception Is Getting Worse
- Column: It's Time to Scrap the Abraham Accords
- Israeli Family Celebrates Release of Hostage Grandmother
- In a New Movie, Beyoncé Finds Freedom
- The Top 100 Photos of 2023
- Want Weekly Recs on What to Watch, Read, and More? Sign Up for Worth Your Time
|
<urn:uuid:c3bd923e-95a4-4128-bec5-54dabf4d4ac2>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://time.com/3584039/lyons-rosetta-wakeman/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.968244 | 1,661 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Wildfires strike suddenly and unexpectedly, destroying homes, taking lives and costing billions of dollars every year. Now, scientists say that new satellite technology developed by NASA will help predict where fires will strike next.
The system, known as FireSat, uses infrared sensors to identify wildfires when they have grown to be at least 35 to 50 feet wide, according to a NASA press release. That area may sound large, but it pales in comparison to the size of wildfires that can destroy millions of acres. Detection by the system occurs within 15 minutes of the beginning of a fire.
“Delays in detection can lead to rapid escalation of a fire, and dramatic growth of the cost of suppression,” Robert Staehle, lead designer of FireSat at JPL, said in a press release. “The system we envision will work day and night for fires anywhere in the world.”
NASA has used satellites to track wildfires for years, but the new system marks a vast improvement in imaging capability. Existing satellite technology can transmit fire images a few times a day. The new technology, developed by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), transmits an image once a minute, according to the press release. JPL hopes it will be fully operational by 2018.
Learning about a fire exactly when it starts can make a dramatic difference in preventing its rapid expansion. The 2014 King Fire, for instance, spread across California forest land 10 miles in one afternoon. It would eventually burn nearly 100,000 acres of land.
FireSat is far from the only technology in the works that helps predict wildfires. Another NASA-funded project incorporates weather and topography information, among other things, to determine how a wildfire is likely to spread across a given area.
- Taylor Swift Is TIME's 2023 Person of the Year
- Meet the Nation Builders
- Why Cell Phone Reception Is Getting Worse
- Column: It's Time to Scrap the Abraham Accords
- Israeli Family Celebrates Release of Hostage Grandmother
- In a New Movie, Beyoncé Finds Freedom
- The Top 100 Photos of 2023
- Want Weekly Recs on What to Watch, Read, and More? Sign Up for Worth Your Time
|
<urn:uuid:ad4bfdd2-f695-43ad-9d51-adaa35694a0b>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://time.com/4122096/nasa-wildfire-technology/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.903689 | 460 | 3.984375 | 4 |
Yesterday marked the anniversary of the birth of noted nineteenth century American architect Henry Hobson Richardson (1838-1886). Richardson’s memorable and influential designs include the turreted Allegheny County Courthouse in Pittsburgh, Albany’s City Hall and New York State Capital, Buffalo’s New York State Asylum, and Chicago’s mighty Marshall Field Wholesale Store (now demolished), as well as a host of libraries and houses in smaller towns.
Richardson’s buildings, load-bearing and often featuring extensive stone and masonry, convey a sense of rugged weight and accentuate a fascinating play of solids and voids. The Beaux-Arts-trained architect developed a medieval revival style, imitated by later architects through the early years of the twentieth century, which became known as “Richardsonian Romanesque.”
Henry Hobson Richardson’s most famous work is undoubtedly Trinity Church in Boston’s Back Bay, built between 1872 and 1877 and designated one of the “Ten Most Significant Buildings in the United States” by the American Institute of Architects. The church anchors Copley Square, its enormous central tower creating a dramatic visual approach. In the absence of an “American” style, nineteenth and early twentieth century architects looked to historical examples in Europe. (In the case of Trinity Church, a fresh new form emerges, rather than a simple copy). Richardson wrote,
…the style of the Church may be characterized as a free rendering of the French Romanesque, inclining particularly to the school that flourished in the eleventh century in Central France.
Despite its size, Henry Cobb and I.M Pei’s neighboring 790-foot-tall John Hancock Tower, completed in 1976, defers to Trinity Church. Its sliver-thin side meets the square with an axis which keeps the church the center of attention. Mirrored glass almost makes it seem to disappear as it reflects its surroundings and becomes a liquid contrast to Trinity Church’s solidity.
As we celebrate Henry Hobson Richardson’s legacy, let’s step inside and hear the extraordinary Trinity Church choir. Here is a playlist featuring their 1999 Naxos recording, Radiant Light – Songs for the Millennium. Opening with Franz Biebl’s Ave Maria, the CD includes meditative music by Arvo Pärt, John Tavener, Tchaikovsky, Randall Thompson, and John Rutter:
- Find this recording at iTunes, Naxos.
- Find other recordings by the Boston Trinity Church Choir
- Learn more about the buildings of Henry Hobson Richardson.
|
<urn:uuid:6d185aa8-24a8-448b-ab0b-c8703d6683a7>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://timothyjuddviolin.com/tag/arvo-part/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.924038 | 548 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Caring for a patient with kidney problems can be a complex and emotionally demanding task. Kidney diseases can significantly impact a patient’s quality of life. As a caregiver, it is essential to provide comprehensive and compassionate support.
According to the US CDC, 14 percent of US adults suffer from chronic kidney problems. That’s more than one in seven US adults struggling with kidney issues.
At the same time, over 700,000 US adults are living with end-stage kidney disease, according to The Washington Post. Therefore, it’s evident that kidney problems are impacting a lot of lives in many different ways.
In this article, we will explore a few practical tips for caring for a patient with kidney problems.
Understand the Nature of Kidney Problems
Kidney diseases are diverse and can manifest in various ways, affecting each patient uniquely. To provide personalized care, start by understanding the patient’s diagnosis, the stage of their kidney disease, and any underlying causes.
Research and consult with healthcare professionals to gain insight into the patient’s condition. Knowledge about the progression of kidney diseases and common complications can help you anticipate and address potential issues.
Being well-informed will also enable you to engage in meaningful conversations with the healthcare team and make informed decisions regarding the patient’s care plan.
Support Dietary and Fluid Management
According to Healthline, kidney problems necessitate a strict dietary and fluid management plan. Depending on the stage of the disease, patients may need to limit their intake of sodium, potassium, phosphorus, and protein. They must also carefully monitor their fluid intake.
As a caregiver, work with a registered dietitian or nutritionist to create a customized dietary plan that adheres to the patient’s specific needs.
Additionally, maintaining a food journal can help you track the patient’s dietary choices and any associated symptoms. This record can serve as a valuable tool for healthcare professionals to make necessary adjustments to the dietary regimen.
Manage Medications and Appointments
Kidney disease often requires a complex regimen of medications to manage symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. Managing these medications can be overwhelming, but it is a crucial aspect of caregiving.
Create a medication schedule, set up pill organizers, and make sure the patient takes their medicines as prescribed. Keep a record of any side effects or changes in the patient’s condition and report these to the healthcare team.
Kidney patients usually have frequent medical appointments, including consultations with nephrologists, dialysis sessions, or transplant evaluations. As a caregiver, you play a pivotal role in ensuring the patient attends these appointments and follows through with their treatment plan.
Keeping a calendar or schedule to track appointments and arranging for transportation if needed is essential. Consistent communication with the healthcare team will help ensure that the patient receives the best possible care.
Ensure Proper Hygiene and Infection Control
Patients with kidney problems, especially those on dialysis, may be at increased risk of infections. Good hygiene practices are essential to prevent infections and maintain overall health.
It’s important to be vigilant about infection control, particularly when the patient is in a healthcare facility. Educate yourself and the patient about infection prevention strategies, such as avoiding contact with sick individuals and practicing proper wound care.
As a caregiver, ensure that the patient follows proper hygiene routines, including catheter maintenance. Also, be very careful with your choice of catheter. According to TorHoerman Law, catheter failure has led to serious complications for patients in the past. This has happened specifically for some catheters.
The port catheter lawsuit was filed against the catheter manufacturers. Victims filed the catheter lawsuits to seek compensation for their injuries. In your case, it’s best that you avoid such complications by staying away from catheters that have a bad reputation.
Provide Emotional Support
Caring for someone with kidney problems can be emotionally challenging for both the patient and the caregiver. Patients often experience feelings of anxiety, depression, and fear about the future.
Take the time to listen to the patient’s concerns, fears, and frustrations. Encourage open communication and let them know you are there to support them through their emotional journey.
In addition to emotional support, helping the patient maintain a positive outlook can have a significant impact on their overall well-being. Engage in activities that the patient enjoys, and encourage them to pursue hobbies and interests. Social connections and maintaining a sense of purpose can be powerful tools in managing the emotional aspects of kidney disease.
Caring for a kidney patient won’t be easy for you. However, if you can stick to the tips above, it won’t be too difficult either. These tips and a bit of motivation will take you a long way in assisting a patient with kidney problems.
|
<urn:uuid:e6c40979-4d9a-4c6c-a89a-89340df4d726>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://todaynewsclub.com/kidney-problems/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.934384 | 1,001 | 2.609375 | 3 |
The Kerala state in India is known for its diversity of arts and cultures. Below are some of the most popular arts from Kerala.
Kerala, despite its small geographical size, has produced some performing arts that acquired admirers in all corners of the world. These art-forms bear the stamps of Kerala culture. Read about the most popular of arts in Kerala here.
Kathakali is one of the most renowned classic artforms from India. It has found a place in the Guinness Book of World Records for the thickest make-up in an art. Kathakali evolved in the 17th century. Its literary form is called Aattakkatha.
Krishnanattam and Ramanattam are the predecessors of Kathakali. The evolvement of the art can be attributed to former king Kottarakkara Thampuran. Kerala Kalamandalam and Margi are two of the main institutions that teach Kathakali in Kerala.
Koodiyattam is the native dramatic art of Kerala. It has an age of nearly 2000 years. Koodiyattam is believed to have been composed by king Kulasekharavarman and poet Tholan in 1st century AD. Mizhavu is the primary instrument used during the presentation of the art. It has been traditionally performed by 'Chakyars'.
Koodiyattam has been recognised by UNESCO. Mani Madhavachakyar is the most renowned Koodiyattam artist of the modern times.
Thullal is one of the most popular art forms in Kerala. It was founded by Kunchan Nambiar, one of the modern poetic trio in Malayalam. There are three versions of Thullal, namely Parayan Thullal, Sheethankan Thullal and Ottan Thullal. Thery are traditionally performed in morning, afternoon and evening respectively.
Mohiniyattam is the traditional dance of Kerala. It is related to Bharathanatyam as well. It was earlier called Dasiyattam, as it used to be performed by Devadasi women, appointed in temples.
It is a dance form popular among Christians in Kerala. It is performed by 12 persons, referring to the 12 apostles of Jesus. It is usually performed as a part of wedding festivities.
Chavittunadakam is similiar to Eurpoean Opera. It is also a Christian art, which dates back for almost four centuries. The musical-dance art has a duration of eight hours.
Mappilappattu (Mappila songs)
It is one of the most popular art among the Muslims in Kerala. Mappila songs are folk songs sung in mix of Arabic and Malayalam. The art is most popular in Malabar region. The formation of the Mappilappattu dates back to 15th century.
Oppana is a traditional dance popular among Muslims in Malabar region. It is performed by both men and women, mostly in wedding ceremonies. The songs used for Oppana are usually Mappila songs.
The article speaks about the significance of Chapra Shashti in the lives of Hindus in different part of the world. It is celebrated on the 6th day of the month, on the waxing phase of the moon..
Read a brief history of Kerala police here. It is one of the best police departments in India..
The article introduces 6 of the major social reformers who brought immense changes to the history of Kerala..
|
<urn:uuid:2bcc3b07-209a-4c8d-9a4a-8a88419422d1>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://travelandculture.expertscolumn.com/important-performing-arts-kerala
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.964125 | 729 | 3.0625 | 3 |
Not everyone likes writing – tapping away at a keyboard for what seems like hours on end.
Which can make voice to text software seem attractive: you speak into a microphone and your computer types out the words for you.
Windows has some built-in voice to text software. They don’t seem overly proud of it but you can get it set up if you follow the instructions Microsoft give.
The big bonus here is that the software is free, so you can find out whether or not voice to text is for you.
Since almost all of us speak faster than we type, theoretically it should be a lot quicker to talk our content and let the computer transcribe it.
There are a few things that get in the way (at least initially).
- Training the software. To get best results, you need to train the software to your voice. This involves reading out some pre-set paragraphs and letting the software match how you speak with the words it knows you should be saying. It’s one of those boring but necessary tasks if you’re to stand any chance of getting reliable results. Even with training, it may take quite a bit of watching and checking as you start to create content to make sure that the software gets your words right.
- Adding punctutation, etc. For me, this is the show stopper. I haven’t experienced dicatation since a geography teacher used it at school – we were supposed to write down what he way saying (instead of taking notes about it) – and the idea of speaking out commas and full stops (periods) and line breaks breaks my flow. I can hit the correct button when I’m typing easily enough. But I find that saying a complete word rather than just pressing a key semi-automatically messes with the flow of the content.
- Proof reading. Computers don’t always get things right at the best of times and voice to text software is no exception to that. In my early days of using computers, I tried using OCR software to scan in a page of printed text and turn it into content that a computer could display. The software claimed high accuracy rates – somewhere around 98% to 99% although it neglected to mention that was achieved with perfect conditions – but I quickly learned what that really meant. Which is that there were errors everywhere you looked. We had modems instead of modern things, all sorts of issues. Which meant that scanning, processing and then proof reading took almost as long as typing the content in. Until you get used to it – or maybe never – voice to text can be the same.
- Reducing external noise. In an open office environment, voice to text software will get distracted and confused by all the other voices in the room. The same goes for a coffee shop if that’s your preferred “office”. Personally I often like listening to music as I create content and that messes with the things the software is trying to understand.
If you’re hyper-organised in your thoughts and can keep yourself from being distracted then it’s maybe worth at least trialling voice to text software.
But there are other options which I think are better
- If you really hate writing content, don’t do it! Go for videos or audios instead. Plenty of people like to receive content via those options.
- Pay someone on a site like Fiverr to transcribe your spoken articles. You don’t have to tell a human transcriber where to put in punctuation or paragraph breaks – they do that automatically and most of them do quite a good job.
- Just learn to type! Keyboard skills are needed everywhere and – like everything else – the more you practice typing, the better you get. High typing speeds aren’t essential. It’s been a long time since I timed myself writing content but I manage somewhere between 1,000 and 1,500 words per hour. The precise quantity depends on the distractions I allow myself to follow when I’m typing (for instance, the earlier Wikipedia link on OCR accuracy) and how much organisation my thoughts need as I’m typing. But the more you type, the faster you’ll get.
- Use predictive text. It’s not just for phones, although much like phones it will pay to check that what’s predicted is what you intended. I’ve not tried it but this software claims to do a good job and there’s doubtless other software out there that does a similar job.
Saying that using voice to text is cheating is probably an over-reaction.To my mind, any labour saving device is potentially useful.
But whatever you use to create your content, the important thing is you keep creating.
|
<urn:uuid:bcc13671-8e5d-4e06-90ca-efebeadd5675>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://trevordumbleton.com/writing-voice-text-software-cheating/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.952111 | 996 | 2.640625 | 3 |
More than 300,000 households have been given new access to nature as part of an ambitious project to expand woodlands across the north of England.
A report conducted by Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU) assessed the impact of more than six million trees which have been planted over the last five years as part of the Northern Forest project.
The survey found that more than 19,000 tonnes of carbon has been locked up by trees planted through scheme, which has also created an additional 3,500 hectares of new habitat networks for wildlife.
The Northern Forest project aims to increase the very low tree cover across the North by establishing at least 50 million new trees by 2043, to help transform the landscape from Liverpool to the Yorkshire Coast.
The report by Liverpool John Moores University found that:
Enough trees have been planted to fill more than 4,000 football pitches.
Around 87,500 households within deprived areas now have access to woodland within 500 metres.
There have been 7.5 million more visits to woodland each year.
An additional 3,500 hectares of new habitat networks for wildlife have been established.
There is 33% improvement in flood mitigation across planted sites.
Around 19,000 tonnes of carbon locked up by trees planted through Northern Forest.
There has been a £43 million annual uplift flowing from the natural benefits.
A core partnership involving the Woodland Trust and four community forests: Manchester City of Trees, The Mersey Forest, Humber Forest and the White Rose Forest, and the Community Forest Trust, have made the project possible, as well as the Government’s Nature for Climate Fund.
Nick Sellwood, the Woodland Trust’s Northern Forest Programme Director, said the results so far are “remarkable” but there is “still some way to go to reach the 50 million target of tree planting” and renewed funding will be needed after 2025.
He explained: “The climate and nature crises demand our urgent, unswerving attention. A general election is coming and poll after poll shows that the environment is a top priority for voters. Every political party should be backing projects that can deliver real environmental and social benefits like the Northern Forest.
“The time is now for all parties to commit to tackling climate change and part of that is supporting schemes to get more trees in the ground and in terms of the Northern Forest we need new funds committed.”
|
<urn:uuid:5144da11-1417-4955-8b85-a9eca61f2302>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://uk.news.yahoo.com/northern-forest-wonderful-project-sees-095845266.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.953796 | 497 | 2.71875 | 3 |
How do you bring attention to global crises in a way that’s interesting and fun? At Haines Elementary, wearable art did the trick. In her spring 2016 residency, teaching artist Nicole Beck collaborated with Haines Elementary’s science teacher Dr. Bellasanta Ferrer to implement the “People and Plants” program, part of Urban Gateways’ STEAM initiative (STEAM = science, technology, engineering, art, and mathematics) in partnership with Columbia College’s Scientists for Tomorrow. In the program, students learned about important scientific topics and issues such as pollinator extinction, photosynthesis, and climate change. They channeled their knowledge of pollinator extinction and the resulting threat it poses to today’s food crops into an incredibly creative art project. They used some of the crops they studied as the primary materials to make wearable, plant-based art that doubled as vertical gardens!
The students were invited to present their creations at the 6th annual STEAM Conference on May 14th at Northeastern Illinois University, where they were among the youngest presenters. They additionally learned how to germinate a garden of pollinator plants that they will plant outside of their school. This program combined science, environmental crisis awareness, creativity, and fun, and proved that science and art thrive when brought together.
Find out more about the program and see more of the students’ creations on our blog!
|
<urn:uuid:d69c55c4-ed53-4580-a63a-d81713eeeb48>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://urbangateways.org/program/science-meets-design-haines-elementary/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.962905 | 292 | 2.59375 | 3 |
It very much depends on content. The optimal amount by which to display is just enough but no more than necessary.
But what defines 'just enough' and just enough for what.
Just enough to be able to relate the content on the next page to that of the previous page.
Just enough to be able to locate the next exact point of interest that follows on from the previous point of interest.
Just enough to visually confirm that if you were mid paragraph, there is a little bit of what you were just viewing that was the same content and that you are indeed at a point which is related to the end of the previous view.
Just enough to be able to see the whole of something without having to scroll or page back up to see the rest of it.
So this is in a way related to the chunking of information on a page - and the flow of information on a page.
If you're reading text, then it should not be so much overlap that you have to seek a long way down the text on the page to find the continuation point. So for example a couple of lines should suffice so that the context and 'just read' lines can be easily omitted. Less than that and you cannot determine that you really are where you left off.
It's important to have that transition content there to tie the two pages together. You see this on maps (especially real paper maps) where there is just enough overlap that if you were following a road or terrain as you go off the edge of one page, you can recognise a small section of it on the relevant edge of another page.
The brain is very good at building and recognizing patterns, and when you move from one page to another, you are not typically re-reading the text that you just read, but you are looking for that pattern of words you just scanned so as to be able to limit the flow of reading. Too much information and the flow is interrupted because you don't recognize the pattern. Since we read text one line at a time without having to follow with your finger from the end of one line to the beginning of the next then we're very used to chunking the lines. And that means we should overlap at the minimum by one complete line of text.
If we're looking at images, then clearly it could be useful to detect this and page down such that we see the next whole image or block rather than having it cut off at the top.
However - that's not the whole story, because we don't necessarily read text right to the bottom of a page before paging down. We actually are looking quite a lot further down the page than at first we think. we like to see a whole paragraph on the page so that we can process what is clearly a whole chunk without interruption. We also detect broken lines where we can only see the top half of a line of text at the bottom, and that's distracting too, so we might well scroll or page down in order to distance that from our current point of interest. Note that reading devices will never display halves of a line.
So you need to cater for those cases where we don't read to the bottom completely, which means that if we page down, we need quite a decent amount of overlap, and in fact 10% of a page may not appear odd in those situations.
It's a fine line, therefore, between overlapping enough to relocate a point of reference at the same granularity as our current chunking granularity, and overlapping so much that the point of reference we're looking for is too far down.
And that's where I came in - it depends on the type of content - but also much more subtle stuff such as the likely engagement of the reader; the likelihood of the user to be consuming the content sequentially or more randomly; the font sizes; the paragraph breaks; the visibility of the end of a paragraph or the completeness of the display of the bottom line (and the top line after paging).
Clearly, the page down mechanism is going to have to work hard to get it right all the time given the number of variables working together here, and it's a next to impossible task. So there's a middle ground which I'd suggest is somewhere between 2 and 6 lines of text depending on the relative height of the window to the screen.
These are just my considered thoughts on the matter - perhaps someone else will find a paper on it.
|
<urn:uuid:2a102dbc-9e96-402c-a096-33b82a7c4c50>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://ux.stackexchange.com/questions/28773/guidelines-for-browser-page-overlap
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.967957 | 905 | 2.6875 | 3 |
By John Brown
In September 1942, two patrols of armed jeeps and trucks of the Long Range Desert Group (LRDG) raided the German airfield at Barce. Between Benghazi and Derna in Libya, Barce was 550 miles behind the El Alamein line where German General Erwin Rommel’s Panzer Army Afrika was shaping up for a battle with British General Bernard Law Montgomery’s Eighth Army.
German and Italian planes were assisting Rommel and bombing the island bastion of Malta in the Mediterranean. In the sharp, short raid, the LRDG patrols set 24 planes on fire, damaged another 12 with bombs and machine-gun fire, and destroyed 10 trucks and a fuel tanker and trailer. An unknown number of German and Italian soldiers and airmen were killed or wounded.
It was just a pinprick for the Axis forces, but with other raids by the LRDG and SAS (Special Air Service) deep in Axis-held territory it forced the Germans and Italians to beef up their rear-area security when Rommel needed all the troops he could find for the Alamein front.
With the raiders at Barce was an observer and guide, Major Vladimir Peniakoff. In the raid he had a finger smashed by a bullet; the finger was amputated next day in the desert and at the same time some shell splinters were taken from one of his legs. However, he said, he “enjoyed himself thoroughly” and was determined to have his own independent unit operating along the lines of the LRDG and SAS.
The Oldest 2nd Lieutenant in the British Army
Vladimir Peniakoff was born in Belgium in 1897 of wealthy émigré Russian parents. He was a brilliant student and began studying engineering, physics, and mathematics at the University of Brussels at age 15. When Germany invaded Belgium in 1914, he was sent to England where he continued his studies at Cambridge University, but not for long. He went to France and worked in a factory until accepted for the French Army in which he saw some action with the artillery and was wounded. When World War I ended, he returned to Belgium to manage his father’s chemical factory for research and production of aluminum.
In 1924, unhappy with life in Belgium, Vladimir took a job as an engineer with a large, French-owned sugar company in Egypt, and for the next 15 years he filled various posts within the company in Cairo and in Upper Egypt. In his spare time and on holidays he made expeditions into the desert in a Model A Ford, where he made friends with Arabs he met, learned to navigate in the wilderness, and learned something of desert lore. In 1928 he married a Belgian woman, Josette Ceysens; they had two daughters and divorced in 1942.
When World War II began in 1939, Peniakoff was 42 years old, a square, powerfully built man of complex character, moody, explosive, intolerant, loyal, a man of many contrasts. He was, one LRDG officer said, “often muddle-headed” and “had become very Arab in his ways, particularly in relation to time.” He was a great admirer of the British way of life and immediately volunteered for the British Army. As Belgium was still neutral and he was Belgian, he was not accepted. But when Belgium was invaded, he was accepted and commissioned a 2nd lieutenant in the general list, probably the oldest 2nd lieutenant in the British Army.
The Making of Popski’s Private Army
By a mix of bluff, persistence, and some lies, he got himself appointed a company commander in the Libyan Arab Force. With it he saw some action around Tobruk, and in May 1942 he was given command, as a major, of a detachment to be known as the Libyan Arab Force Commando.
It was a small unit of 22 Senussi Arabs, a British sergeant, and an Arab officer—an independent command—and it had no transport. For that and his supplies, he had to rely on the LRDG. For five months he operated behind the Axis lines in the Jebel Akhdar, the lushly forested and mountainous area between Benghazi and Derna in Libya, keeping a road watch and reporting Axis traffic along the coast, rescuing shot-down airmen, and ambushing when he could.
In one action, Peniakoff destroyed a large, 450,000-gallon fuel dump. Then, with Rommel nearing the gates of Alexandria, the LRDG was pulled back from its forward base at Siwa and with it Peniakoff and his Commando. The Commando was disbanded in a reorganization of the Libyan Arab Force, and Peniakoff went to see Colonel Shan Hackett in Cairo.
Hackett controlled all special forces in the Middle East. He had read a report on irregular warfare that Peniakoff had written and knew of his work in the Jebel Akhdar—and he was a very perceptive man. He suggested that as Peniakoff knew the area very well he should accompany an LRDG raid scheduled on the airfield at Barce, and while Peniakoff was away he would think of something for him to do.
After the raid on Barce and after a few days in the hospital, Peniakoff went to see Hackett. Hackett authorized him to set up a small, motorized unit to go behind enemy lines to find and destroy fuel dumps, aircraft, and transport. The unit would have an establishment of one major—Peniakoff—a captain, three lieutenants, and 18 other ranks. It would have six vehicles and would be called No. 1 Demolition Squadron; it would be the smallest independent unit in the British Army.
Peniakoff was not satisfied with the title of the unit, and Hackett suggested “Popski’s Private Army (PPA).” Popski was the name given to Peniakoff by the LRDG New Zealanders when they found Peniakoff too much of a problem in radio transmission. Peniakoff agreed, had some “PPA” shoulder flashes made and some cap badges in the form of a 16th-century Italian astrolabe, and went off to find recruits, vehicles, weapons, and equipment.
Raiding Behind the Mareth Line
Popski’s first recruits were old comrades from the Libyan Arab Force: a Scot, Captain Bob Park Yunnie, and a French lieutenant, Jean Caneri, who would be released from his duties with the force when possible. He filched a Sergeant Major Waterson from the King’s Dragoon Guards (an armored car regiment), a ferocious looking one-eyed Corporal Locke from the LRDG, a young surveyor named Petrie from a survey unit, and several drivers from the Royal Army Service Corps.
When it left Cairo in October 1943, Popski’s Private Army consisted of Popski, Captain Bob Yunnie, 12 other ranks, and three Arab soldiers from the Libyan Arab Force. They drove out in four jeeps armed with twin Vickers .303 machine guns and two three-ton trucks loaded with 11 days’ rations, more than a ton of explosives, and fuel for 1,500 miles. They headed for the LRDG’s base at Kufra.
After the inevitable breakdowns and other delays normal in desert travel and getting lost in the Great Sand Sea, when PPA reached Kufra they found that Montgomery’s Eighth Army had already pushed Rommel back to Tripolitania (i.e., western Libya, out of Cyrenaica and the Jebel Akhdar in eastern Libya). Popski decided he must move to Tunisia to get behind Rommel’s lines.
He knew, however, that Tunisia would be a very different battleground from the Jebel Akhdar. Travel without being spotted would be much more difficult, and enemy airfields, fuel dumps, and convoys would be much better protected. Popski’s men needed more training, and for this he took them to the LRDG’s base at Zella. At Zella, Lieutenant Jean Caneri joined him. Caneri, a lawyer before the war, took charge of PPA’s administrative affairs and proved a great asset.
Training with the LRDG was “on the job.” On one occasion Popski took his men out with a patrol of the LRDG to find a route by which Montgomery’s armor could outflank the Mareth Line. They did find a route, but while Popski and three jeeps were away from his base camp on reconnaissance, the camp was betrayed by Bedouin and attacked by German Messerschmitt fighters. All vehicles and stores were destroyed, and two New Zealanders of the LRDG were badly wounded.
The only transport vehicles left were the three jeeps that had been away from the camp. Popski rushed them off with the wounded to Tozeur, 200 miles away through enemy territory, while the others walked. They had almost reached Tozeur when they were picked up by Henry’s Patrol of the LRDG and taken to Tozeur.
From there, Popski took his men to Tebessa, Algeria, where he persuaded the American II Corps to issue them rations and clothing. While they were at Tebessa, publicity was given to their journey through the dangerous gap between the German and American armies, and Popski seized the opportunity to get PPA transferred from the British Eighth Army to the British First Army.
From the American area, he led his men on raids against the Axis forces north and west of the Mareth Line. In jeeps, each armed with a .30-caliber and .50-caliber Browning machine gun, they raided airfields and shot up aircraft, ambushed convoys, and did as much damage as they could until the war in North Africa ended. They accounted for many vehicles, aircraft, and supplies and sundry other items including 600 Italian prisoners. Of more importance was the confusion the tiny force caused the Germans and Italians.
The PPA in the Invasion of Italy
During the four months prior to the invasion of Italy, Popski recruited more men from various units. He had everyone undergo training with the SAS. His standards were exacting. While discipline within PPA was loose—officers and men lived together and shared everything, saluting was optional, the word “sir” was rarely heard, the men wore whatever pieces of uniform or civilian clothing they preferred, provided they didn’t include any items of enemy uniform, and Peniakoff was “Popski” to everyone—he demanded resourceful, fighting men. Any man who did not come up to, or fell below, his standards was sent back to the unit he came from. Not that there were many; Popski had an uncanny ability to pick the right kind of man for his kind of war.
The majority of volunteers for PPA were rejected at interview. Popski picked men who were well trained in all the basic military skills, were good cross-country drivers, and above all were resourceful and showed initiative. Once accepted, a recruit underwent a grueling training program that included navigation, signals, and demolition.
For the invasion of Italy, PPA was attached to the British 1st Airborne Division, and Popski had his men trained to take their jeeps and equipment in by gliders. But then the 1st Airborne Division was sent in by sea to the port of Taranto on the heel of the boot of Italy, and Popski and a patrol of five jeeps landed with the advance elements of the division on September 9, 1943.
Italy had signed an armistice with the Allies two days before the landing, and although the landing was unopposed the military and political situation ashore was very confused. The Germans, considering the Italians traitors, were occupying more Italian territory, and information on German strength and activity in the Taranto area was urgently needed. While the 1st Airborne set up a defense perimeter around the port, Popski took his jeeps off to find answers and locate possible landing grounds for the Royal Air Force between Taranto and Brindisi.
Popski was back 30 hours later to report that the Italian armed forces in the area were either friendly or apathetic, and although they would not take up arms against their former German comrades, they would do nothing to hamper Allied forces. He had all the information the RAF needed about landing areas, which he had obtained from Italian Air Force officers. He had not seen any Germans and could get no information on them.
Popski’s Reconnaissance Coup
The task of the 1st Airborne at Taranto was to ease pressure on the American Fifth Army at Salerno, but before leaving Taranto the lightly armed airborne troops, without air, armor, or artillery support, needed to know enemy positions and strength.
Popski drove to Bari where he found a very jittery Italian corps commander worrying about how he would deploy his three divisions should the Germans attack the town. Reassuring the general as best he could, he left for the Gravina-Altamura-Gioia del Colle area where, he was told, he would find the elite German 1st Parachute Division.
During the night, they crossed the main supply route between Spinazzola and Gravina and almost blundered into a German convoy on the road. They drove on into the hill country of the Murge. Here the patrol split up to watch the roads and report all movements to 1st Airborne headquarters. While this was going on, Popski pulled off a coup.
He spoke adequate Italian, and in a friendly chat with an Italian farmer he learned that the farmer provided foodstuffs for the officers mess of the German garrison at Gravina. From a workable telephone at a railway station, he called the German quartermaster, a Major Schulz, and, posing as a loyal quartermaster of an Italian garrison that was being evacuated, asked the major if he would like to buy eight cases of good cognac for the mess. They haggled over the price and came to an agreement and, at Popski’s request, the major gave orders to the guards to admit two people in a captured American vehicle that night.
At 11 pm, in a jeep from which all military fittings had been removed, Popski and his driver, Jock Cameron, arrived at the major’s office carrying boxes of stones. Popski slugged the major with a cosh, and then they went through his papers. They found a copy of the complete strength, dated the previous day, of the 1st Parachute Division and all other troops in the area who were supplied by the Gravina distribution center. It included the locations of all units. He radioed the information to 1st Airborne.
The road watch figures and other intelligence PPA had supplied during the past few days made it clear the Germans did not have a large number of troops in the area. They deduced that when 1st Airborne, which was now being reinforced, advanced from the Taranto area, the Germans would fall back. This proved to be the case.
Holding the Ford Across the River Fortore
Considering his work with 1st Airborne now finished, Popski led his jeeps north behind the German lines looking for whatever damage he could do. During the next few weeks in the Foggia-Bovino area, PPA could do little more than keep a watch on roads, count traffic, try to identify the units the vehicles came from, and blow wheels off German trucks and tracks off armored vehicles with explosive gadgets invented and supplied by the British Special Operations Executive (SOE). But their presence alone caused some confusion.
One day, while they were hiding in a grove of trees awaiting dark, two shabbily dressed men approached. They were obviously not Italian peasants, and when Popski stopped them he found they were Russian soldiers captured at Smolensk and sent to work in the Todt Organization, Germany’s labor establishment, in northern Italy. From there they had escaped and made their way south. Popski enrolled them in PPA, and they served with distinction for the rest of the war.
At the end of September, the remainder of PPA arrived with the buildup of Allied forces. Popski sent Captain Bob Yunnie with 10 men and four jeeps to reconnoiter the hills and valleys of the Gargano Peninsula, where it was thought there might be a large number of Germans. On the peninsula, Yunnie learned from villagers that the Germans had just left. He transmitted the information to the 4th Armored Brigade and pursued the Germans, across the mountains and down to the coast where, in late afternoon, they caught up with German sappers laying mines in a ford across the River Fortore. They attacked immediately, driving the sappers into the hills, then crossed the ford. But across the river they ran into heavy opposition and barely escaped destruction by mortars as they retired.
They spent the next three days keeping the ford open, chasing away any Germans who came close; nights were spent at the Castle Ripalta whose chatelaine was a lovely English girl married into the Parlato family. When British armor arrived in the area, they led the tanks and armored vehicles across the ford and into Serracapriola.
Halted by the German Line
Meanwhile, Popski and the rest of PPA were on reconnaissance 125 miles behind the front line in the Alban Hills southeast of Rome. They had traveled via Cassino and north along Route 6 to reach the hills but found no Germans there. They drove around the outskirts of Rome and then returned to base. Except for bringing back information on the whereabouts of the 16th Panzer Division and disabling a few of its vehicles, the reconnaissance had accomplished little.
By the end of November, the German line was stabilizing across the breadth of Italy, and Popski and Yunnie were unable to find gaps through which they could pass their jeeps. But they carried out some sorties and had a few brushes with German units. During one of these, near the town of Alberona, they found the South African General Hendrik Klopper wandering about; he had been captured at Tobruk and had recently escaped.
Back at base at Lucera and worried about the effect inactivity was having on his men and that there was no future for PPA, Popski went to see the chief of staff at Eighth Army headquarters. He was reassured about the future and told to rest his men farther back at Bisceglie while a new, more orthodox role and larger establishment was worked out for him.
The new establishment allowed for six officers (one major, two captains, and three lieutenants) and 74 other ranks, including wireless operators, armorers, and mechanics. Sufficient armed jeeps and trucks would be provided. With his expanded establishment, Popski planned three operational patrols of six jeeps, each patrol to comprise an officer, a sergeant, two corporals, a mechanic, wireless operator, and six driver-gunners. There would also be a small headquarters patrol, a workshop and wireless section, and an administrative section under Jean Caneri.
Popski went off recruiting, looking for men who were, or would soon be with training, expert in navigation; as drivers, machine gunners, mechanics; and in demolitions. Time was short for training, for Popski had been warned that PPA would take part in the landing at Anzio, so the newcomers were kept at it day and night in the snow-covered mountains. But at the last minute PPA’s participation in the Anzio landing was cancelled. It was a bitter blow.
Aborted Operation Astrolabe
Soon afterward, Popski was asked to send a patrol to destroy a bridge over the River Capa d’Acqua in front of a position held by a Guards brigade on the Garigliano Front. Popski sent part of Bob Yunnie’s patrol. Near the river the patrol ran into an uncharted minefield. One man was killed and two seriously wounded by the mines, and the patrol came under heavy German mortar fire in which another man was wounded. Yunnie managed to get the patrol out, but the bridge was not blown.
Popski moved his base to Besceglie at the foot of the Matese mountains and put the men to hard training while he worked on a plan to operate behind the German lines. The operation was to be named Astrolabe.
On June 12, Yunnie and a small advance party including two Royal Navy officers sailed in a Navy P-boat for the mouth of the River Tenna, 60 miles behind the front line. Here Yunnie met agents of “A” Force (M19), who were engaged in rescuing Allied airmen shot down in enemy territory; the agents brought the airmen to the coast and commandos took them out. Yunnie confirmed with the agents and the two Navy officers that an LCT (Landing Craft, Tank) would be able to get in with PPA’s jeeps, and he advised Popski of this by radio.
Three nights later, Popski arrived in an LCT with 30 members of PPA, 12 jeeps, and a detachment of 73 commandos of No. 9 Commando who would hold the beachhead while PPA landed and then return with the LCT.
The commandos immediately went ashore and took up positions to cover PPA’s landing. Popski went in with them and met Yunnie on the beach. Yunnie reported that, because his message confirming the landing point reconnaissance inland had shown heavy German traffic everywhere, the German Army was now in retreat. He said he did not think PPA had any chance of survival in the crowded enemy situation.
It was a blow for Popski. He did the only thing possible; he cancelled the operation. The commandos were called in, but when the LCT tried to move it was found she was fast aground. The Navy motor launch came to her assistance, but the LCT could not be moved. Then the motor launch, too, ran aground. Luckily the motor launch got off a sandbar, but there was no moving the LCT.
Popski ordered Yunnie and four of his men to stay ashore to report on the situation by radio, ordered all the rest onto the motor launch and the LCT, and then blew up the jeeps.
Joining With Italian Partisans
As soon as he was able to get replacement jeeps, Popski made his way to the mountain village of Sarnano, 40 miles southwest of Fermo, where Yunnie and his four men met him. They set off in 10 jeeps to the River Chienti, hoping to cross it and get behind the German lines.
When they started to ford the river, Corporal Cameron, Popski’s driver and friend, was killed, and Lieutenant Rickwood, in command of a patrol, was accidentally shot in the stomach after the action, by one of his own men carelessly cleaning his gun. Unable to cross the river because of the large number of Germans in the area, Popski pulled back to Sarnano, then crossed a 4,000-foot mountain range to the small town of Bolognola, where he came upon a band of 300 partisans. They were under the dual command of a Major Ferri and his brother Giuseppe, a history professor at the University of Pisa.
Though inexperienced, the partisans were achieving some success with captured German weapons and were delighted to combine with PPA, to exchange their knowledge of the country for PPA’s teaching in ambushing and other guerrilla tactics. For Popski, Bolognola was a good base. It overlooked the upper reaches of the River Chienti and beyond to the walled town of Camerino, which was the headquarters of a German mountain division.
The bridge across the Chienti had been destroyed, and German troops were in strength along the road on the other side. Most nights PPA and the partisans would drive down to the river and shoot up German convoys on the other bank. Soon the Germans pulled back from the river area. PPA crossed the river and drove on to the Potenza River, seven miles beyond Camerino, and blew the bridge over that river.
Strong, well-separated attacks and deception tactics convinced the German commander that large forces were operating all around him, and he withdrew his division across the Potenza. PPA and the partisans marched triumphantly into Camerino.
Popski was by now in command of both the partisans and PPA. He appointed Giuseppi Ferri, the university professor, to be civilian governor of Camerino and his brother, the major, commander of partisans, and stayed in Camerino for several days helping to set up a civilian administration until the arrival of the official Allied Military Government of Occupied Territory (AMGOT). He then led PPA north across the Potenza looking for more action.
For the next three months they raided German outposts, destroyed fuel and ammunition dumps, ambushed convoys, and liberated villages. With no more than 50 men at any time, they killed over 300 Germans with the loss of one man killed and three wounded and cleared 1,600 square miles of mountains.
Raiding With the Garibaldi Brigade
In the middle of September 1944, the Allies broke through the German Gothic Line stretching across Italy from Pesaro on the Adriatic to La Spezia on the Tyrrhenian Sea, but the German divisions commanded by Field Marshal Albert Kesselring retreated very slowly, fighting stubbornly for every river and canal crossing and defensive feature.
In the tangle of waterways along the coast of the Adriatic, Popski found that his jeeps were not able to operate effectively. Somewhere he heard that amphibious DUKW vehicles had arrived in the country, and he quickly acquired some and began training with them at Ancona. He allowed seven DUKWs to a patrol, six to carry armed jeeps and the seventh supplies and a chain-lift crane.
On November 1, he took his DUKWs across the River Savio and met a band of partisans of the Garibaldi Brigade led by Ateo Minghelli. The Garibaldi Brigade was communist, under the command of Arrigo Boldrini, but ready to cooperate with anyone fighting the Germans. Popski attached members of Minghelli’s band to each of his patrols.
The arrangement worked well. Throughout the bitter winter they harried the Germans from forest hideouts as part of the 27th Lancers’ “Porterforce” and pushed them back whenever the opportunity arose. The DUKWs enabled PPA to negotiate the many waterways of northern Italy, to outflank German positions and, on occasion, to be driven onto LCTs and driven off on beaches behind German positions.
The six armed jeeps of a patrol had tremendous firepower. Each jeep was armed with a .50-caliber and .30-caliber machine gun and each patrol carried two .303 Bren guns, a bazooka, and a 2-inch mortar. A smoke generator was fixed to the rear of each jeep. A broadside from six jeeps in line was devastating. Personal weapons included Thompson submachine guns, rifles, pistols, and grenades.
Although the risks were great, casualties were few. Replacements were quickly found. One replacement was a Lieutenant John Campbell, of the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders, who took command of “S” patrol and distinguished himself in two daring and spectacular raids, earning himself two Military Crosses and promotion to captain.
The PPA’s Last Battle
In early December, PPA and its partisans were the first to enter Ravenna. Hearing that two troops of the 27th Lancers in a position along a road out of Ravenna were surrounded by Germans and needed help, Popski took a patrol to the scene. Under the covering fire of some tanks, he led his patrol to within 30 yards of two companies of Germans who were dug in on the bank of a canal from where they had the Lancers covered. The jeeps kept up a concentrated fire on the German position, allowing the Lancers to get away. Popski lost his left hand in the action. He was hospitalized, sent to England, and awarded a Distinguished Service Order.
In his absence, Jean Caneri took command of PPA and led it on operations until snow bogged down the jeeps. He then organized training for everyone in parachuting, skiing, and mountain climbing.
In April, Bob Yunnie obtained a compassionate home posting upon the death of his only son, and a recently recruited young lieutenant from the 27th Lancers named McCallum took his place as patrol leader. Patrol leaders were now McCallum, Captain John Campbell, and Lieutenant Steve Wallbridge.
On April 21, Caneri led all PPA, with his headquarters organized as a fighting patrol, into the watery maze around Lake Comacchio where, with the partisans of the Garibaldi Brigade and units of the 27th Lancers, they fought Germans for seven days. McCallum and his gunner were killed when a Panzerfaust anti-tank weapon destroyed their jeep as McCallum was leading his patrol into a village on the lake.
PPA crossed the rivers Po and Adige and ran into a large force of Germans at Chioggia. Using bluff, as Popski would have done, Caneri laughed off the fact that he had only nine men in three jeeps, saying there were large forces behind him, and persuaded the German commander that to continue fighting was hopeless. The commander surrendered his 700 men.
Two days later, Campbell’s patrol charged a battery of 88mm guns and captured it together with 300 troops. Two other patrols sailed across the Gulf of Venice and helped clear the Germans out of Iesolo. In 10 days, while killing and wounding many Germans, they had taken 1,335 prisoners and captured 16 field guns and many other weapons. It was a good haul, and it was PPA’s last battle.
Popski rejoined his army at Chioggia wearing a fearsome hook in place of his hand. On some shallow-draft Ramp Cargo Lighters (RCLs) manned by seven Royal Engineers known as “Popski’s Private Navy” he took his jeeps up the lagoon to Venice where, “for the sheer pleasure of it,” he led his jeeps around and around the Piazza San Marco. He then drove up into the Alps, heading for Austria. Near the border town of Tarvisio, he received a radio message telling him that Germany had surrendered. They drove into Austria.
Disbanded in Austria
In the 36 months of its existence, 20 of them spent on operations, PPA had been more of a brotherhood than a military unit, a brotherhood created and led by Popski. Though at its peak it numbered no more than about 120 men, its contribution to the war effort was impressive.
In Austria, PPA was disbanded and its members returned to their former units. Popski stayed in Austria, working as the liaison officer between the British and the Russians for that sector until 1946, when he was demobilized. He settled in England and married his second wife Pamela. Popski died in London in May 1951 of a brain tumor—famous from his writing, radio broadcasts, and best-selling book about PPA.
Postscript: On September 14, 2005, the 60th anniversary of the disbandment of PPA, Captain John Campbell CVO CBE MC and Bar led a commemorative visit of 30 PPA veterans, relatives, and friends, including both of Popski’s daughters, back to Italy to hold ceremonies of remembrance at PPA graves near Ravenna, with the group generously honored and hosted by the mayors of Ravenna and Venice and joined by many Italian Partisans.
On Sunday, March 30, 2008, Popski’s birthday, the PPA Memorial was unveiled by Sir Robert Crawford CBE, director-general of the British Imperial War Museum, assisted by Captain Campbell, and dedicated in the presence of nearly 250 PPA, LRDG, SAS, and Partisan veterans, relatives, and friends. It sits in the center of the Allied Special Forces Association’s Memorial Grove within the British National Memorial Arboretum (inspired by the USA’s Arlington Cemetery) in Staffordshire, in the very center of the United Kingdom.
|
<urn:uuid:03c2206e-0576-494e-8531-62b480ee3c89>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/vladimir-peniakoff-popskis-private-army/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.985186 | 6,883 | 2.640625 | 3 |
The Role of Technology in Business
Technology is the application of scientific knowledge to practical aims, often in the form of tools.
It is a broad field of study that includes everything from electronics to medicine and telecommunications. It is also concerned with the process of researching and developing new technologies and integrating them into society.
Technology has a great impact on our lives, both personally and professionally. In many ways, it is the driving force behind our progress.
Business organisation is one of the main areas in which technology plays a major role. Without it, businesses would be extremely inefficient.
Getting the right information to the right people at the right time is crucial for business operations. The use of technology in this area ensures that information can be easily accessed and shared within an organization, allowing for better communication.
A business can also benefit from a transition to digital technology in order to improve its efficiency and make it more cost-effective. For example, businesses can use software to make tasks easier and more efficient, as well as improving customer service.
Human curiosity and foresight are essential to technological innovation, but social and economic factors also play a role in what technologies become popular. These influences range from consumer acceptance to patent laws, risk capital, government policies, media attention, economic competition, tax incentives and scientific discoveries.
As a result, the relationship between technology and society is often seen as synergistic, symbiotic, co-dependent, and co-influential. This relationship began at the dawn of civilization and continues with modern technologies today.
|
<urn:uuid:611f0f64-fb11-486d-a4a7-f008376322f3>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://waynecountyrhn.org/the-role-of-technology-in-business/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.959074 | 310 | 3.109375 | 3 |
Wikipedia is one of the hubs of internet knowledge. The online encyclopedia receives more than 18 billion page views every month, which means that it exerts a huge influence on the way we think about our world and how we discuss every conceivable political and social issue.
Incredibly, Wikipedia is entirely curated by a team of volunteer users who come from many different backgrounds — and, unsurprisingly, the pages have become sites of ideological warfare, with different sides trying to control the terms of debate.
Is that conflict productive? Does the input of a politically diverse group of curators and editors result in more biased information — or less? How do we know which Wikipedia articles are comprehensive and balanced and which are not?
You might expect that people who already agree with each other are able to work cohesively to create more accurate pages. But according to a new study, that’s not true. It finds that Wikipedia’s political, social issues and science pages edited by a more politically diverse segment of editors ended up being higher quality.
The example of Wikipedia suggests that intellectual diversity can help teams produce higher-quality work, thanks to the different perspectives brought to bear on shared goals. When we lack intellectual diversity, it makes it much easier for us to develop blind spots or even discriminate against colleagues with different views. There are online projects — like Wikipedia or the news site AllSides — that are trying to develop healthy practices around intellectual diversity in a society where that’s increasingly rare. These projects are becoming laboratories where scientists can test the conditions that foster exchange across political differences.
Wikipedia has internal quality metrics like comprehensiveness and readability that editors use to rate articles and allocate resources. “We kind of piggybacked on their efforts and use this tool for our purposes,” says Misha Teplitskiy, one of the researchers who performed the study and a postdoctoral fellow at the Laboratory for Innovation Science at Harvard University.
After taking account of Wikipedia’s own measure of quality, Teplitskiy and his colleagues measured the ideological alignments of individual Wikipedia editors by the number of contributions they made to either conservative or liberal articles. In fact, they found that the structure of Wikipedia necessitated cross-ideological collaboration.
“If you want to edit whatever controversial topic, you really are forced to interact with whoever is already editing that topic,” says Teplitskiy. “You can’t just start your own Wikipedia page for the conservative take on climate change or something, right? There’s already a climate change page. You’re gonna have to play with the folks that are already in that sandbox. And that’s, of course, very different from Twitter, etc., where there’s no limit, there’s no forcing mechanism to get people into one room for a particular topic.”
But does this approach result in better pages? Yes. They found that more ideologically polarized teams of editors outperformed the homogenous ones, according to Wikipedia’s internal metrics. Their paper notes that the effect was greatest for political articles but also was seen in the other two issue areas. As polarization among editors rose, the odds of moving from lower- to higher-quality categories increased by a factor of almost 19 for political articles, and by about two for both social issues and science articles.
This isn’t the first study to find that heterogeneous groups can often come up with better solutions than homogenous groups. A recent study of professional video game teams found that the more culturally diverse groups won more prize money. Diverse crowds often out-guess individuals. In the influential 2004 book The Wisdom of Crowds, James Surowiecki describes many studies and examples of groups solving problems better than individuals. For example, contestants on the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? were more likely to win when they asked the audience to guess the weight of an ox, as opposed to phoning a single trusted friend.
As these thinkers argue, political and intellectual diversity can benefit a team by helping team members see flaws in their own ideas: If everybody agrees with you, it’s hard to see what you could possibly be missing. And lacking that diversity — just like lacking diversity in other dimensions — could create environments where discrimination occurs.
While Wikipedia might have embraced this kind of diversity, several studies have found that other institutions are moving in precisely the opposite direction.
In 2012, researchers studied political diversity in the field of social and personality psychology. They surveyed a broad range of social and personality psychologists on various issues to figure out where they stand politically and how they would interact with colleagues who share different politics.
They found that while respondents had varied positions on the issues, they overwhelmingly identified as left-leaning. This is important because much of our polarization is based on self-identification with labels, rather than what we actually believe.
Indeed, the researchers found that in this overwhelmingly liberal environment, there was a high willingness to discriminate against conservatives. More than one in three respondents said they would discriminate against conservatives when making hiring decisions; one in four said they would discriminate in reviewing their grant applications.
More recently, NYU psychologist Jonathan Haidt has noted that the political identifications of those who work in academia have become much more one-sided than they were in the recent past. In his recent book, The Coddling of the American Mind, he and co-author Greg Lukianoff argue that in the early 1990s liberal professors outnumbered conservatives two-to-one, but that this ratio has shifted closer to five-to-one in recent years, with certain departments being even more lopsided.
Perhaps as a result, the general public has come to view higher education in a more polarized way, with liberals consistently approving of these institutions more than conservatives do. This trend risks undermining those institutions, as both sides start to evaluate them by political leaning rather than merit.
As the study of social psychology suggests, this can increase the risk of acts of discrimination against conservatives on campus, but also against institutions that conservatives may implicitly perceive as liberal.
In addition, we know that calamities have occurred when teams excluded or marginalized dissenting voices who could have pointed out the errors of their processes and conclusions. Examples range from Commodity Futures Trading Commission chair Brooksley Born trying to warn regulators about looming financial risk prior to the Great Recession to the intellectual consensus around the Iraq war, which was formed by a news media that mostly excluded anti-war voices.
In 2017, Germany’s Goethe Institute commissioned the Jerusalem-based journalist Antony Loewenstein to discuss the problem of ideological silos. “Filter bubbles in the mainstream media are one of the most dangerous aspects of the modern age because they reinforce the least risky positions,” he says.
Promoting a healthier and competitive media is one way to promote intellectual diversity, but we also need to be mindful about doing so in our everyday lives, in our choice of media. Today, the website AllSides works to help people broaden their minds and consider the news and politics from points of view other than their own. Its founder, John Gable, was a long-time Republican Party staffer who later went to work on the internet browser Netscape.
“We all had this great thought that the internet would help us connect with each other,” he says of his Netscape days. But he was worried that the internet would also “train us to discriminate against each other in new ways.” In retrospect, his concern was justified: Two decades later, we can see that filter bubbles and tribal clustering are a real problem in online spaces.
“It trains us to think in categories,” says Gable. “If you and I disagree on the environment, let’s say, it’s not just that you are wrong, but you must be evil because you’re one of them.”
In response, Gable worked with Joan Blades, a co-founder of the liberal organization MoveOn.org, to start AllSides seven years ago.
AllSides offers its readers a menu of news items alongside coverage from the left, right and center. If, for instance, readers see a story about a congressional testimony, the website allows them to see the same event written up from multiple points of view.
It also features what’s called a “Red Blue dictionary,” where a reader can click on a topic to see different views on the same terminology. For instance, the page on abortion explains how pro-choice Americans view abortion as a common medical procedure, while pro-life Americans view it as taking a human life. The pages often include discussion questions to facilitate nuanced political thinking about the topic.
“The internet right now . . . tends to only have us see people who are just like us, and it always tends to show us information that we already agree with. When we always see people just like us, and when we always hear opinions we agree with, two things happen to any of us. First, we become much much more extreme in our points of view. And, secondly, we become much less tolerant of any person or idea that’s different than us. And that’s ripping up the fabric of our society.”
Fortunately, projects like Wikipedia and AllSides suggest an alternative. At Wikipedia, opponents can come together in a structured way to accomplish a shared goal: accurate, readable pages, evaluated according to agreed-upon criteria. For its part, AllSides primes readers to see the value of many points of view. Of course, we tend to find it more soothing when everyone agrees with us. The path these projects lay out is the more troubling, stressful one. Is it worth it? This research to date suggests that the answer is yes.
A version of this story originally appeared on Greater Good, the online magazine published by UC Berkeley’s Greater Good Science Center.
|
<urn:uuid:dbd19f89-19c5-4193-a7fb-7e5675258ab0>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://wearenotdivided.reasonstobecheerful.world/tag/technology/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.960811 | 2,057 | 3.078125 | 3 |
Japan has scored a space race double first by becoming the first nation to land not one, but two rovers on an asteroid. The Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has confirmed that both of the robotic MIcro Nano Experimental Robot Vehicle for Asteroid, second generation (MINERVA-II1) spacecraft, designated Rover-1A and 1B, successfully deployed from the unmanned Haybusa2 probe on September 21 at 1:06 pm JST (04:06 GMT), touched down on the asteroid Ryugu, and are sending back images.
Artist’s concept of the Haybusa2 probe
According to mission control, the two rovers are in good condition and are sending back telemetry as well as images via the mothership. Both were confirmed to have reached the asteroid’s surface and at least one is moving about autonomously in a series of low-gravity hops. Each hop takes about 15 minutes and moves the 18-cm (7 in) diameter, 1.1-kg (2.4-lb) rover about 15 m (50 ft) in distance, allowing it to study different areas of the asteroid.
The images returned by the rovers aren’t the best, since most were taken shortly after separation and show a great deal of blurring and flaring while the tiny spacecraft were maneuvering. However, JAXA says that they will continue to monitor incoming images and data.
Haybusa2 showing the stowage position of the two rovers
Launched in 2014, Haybusa2 is the second of JAXA’s Haybusa asteroid exploration missions. The orbiter is scheduled to spend 18 months on station during which is will not only carry out observations and act as a relay for the MINERVA-II1 spacecraft, but it will also fire a 2-kg (4.4-lb) copper projectile into the surface to create an artificial crater from which it will take samples for return to Earth in late 2020.
Ryugu as seen from a rover
“Although I was disappointed with the blurred image that first came from the rover, it was good to be able to capture this shot as it was recorded by the rover as the Hayabusa2 spacecraft is shown,” says Hayabusa2 project lead Tetsuo Yoshimitsu. “Moreover, with the image taken during the hop on the asteroid surface, I was able to confirm the effectiveness of this movement mechanism on the small celestial body and see the result of many years of research.”
(Source: JAXA by way of New Atlas, and for additional photos see: https://newatlas.com/asteroid-landing-hayabusa-japan-ryugu/56461/)
|
<urn:uuid:0ecd8fa4-5bcb-41be-ba90-c715d0be9729>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://weirdnews.info/2018/09/25/japan-lands-bouncing-robots-on-asteroid-ryugu/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.967478 | 574 | 3.1875 | 3 |
The pine family is one of North America’s most familiar groups of evergreen trees. It is known for furnishing most of our traditional Christmas trees. Giving us softwood timber that makes the foundation for many homes. It is an essential source of turpentine and rosin. Along with this, North Americans have seen many medical uses of pine nuts.
Less well-known is the fact that the genus Pinus also bears edible seeds, commonly referred to as nuts. Worldwide, approximately 100 different species of true pines are recognized. About a dozen varieties in the northern hemisphere produce nuts of sufficiently high quality and desirable flavor to make them worth gathering.
Different Names Used For Pine Nuts
“Pine nut” can denote any of these edible nuts. The most common designation for pine nuts in Europe is “pignolia,” a term that refers to pine nuts of the Italian stone pine grown for the most part in Spain, Portugal, Italy, and North Africa. Nuts of a different species called “piñon,” a name for the Spanish word for the pine nut, are produced in the western United States. These piñon nuts come mainly from the Colorado piñon tree, a two-needled pine that grows wild in the states of Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico.
Pine nuts of lesser importance are harvested from other nut pines, including the single-leaf piñon, which occurs in mountainous regions of the West and Southwest, even down into some of the states of Northwest Mexico.
Well before the domestication of other food plants, the pine nut was a valuable source of food for many Native American tribes occupying the present southwestern United States. In 1540, for example, the chronicler for Francisco Vasquez de Coronado, the man who discovered the Grand Canyon, described how the Zuni Indians gathered and stored large quantities of these nuts. The piñon pine provided food and fuel for many Native Americans of the Southwest, including the Navajo, Pueblo, Zuni, Hopi, Shoshone, Goshiute, and Cahuilla.
Southwest Indian Remedy For Head Colds And Coughs
The Hopi Indian Reservation is located in the northeastern part of Arizona, about 185 miles north of Phoenix and about 230 miles west of Albuquerque. On a map, one can see that the Hopi Reservation is an area smaller than the state of Rhode Island. They are located amidst the far bigger and well-known New England-sized Navajo Reservation.
The women of the Hopi society would prepare for the tribe. A woman would take one cup of piñon nuts, shell them between her teeth, and then spit them back into another empty tin cup. After this, she spread them out onto the table between two pieces of waxed paper and rolled over them vigorously with a rolling pin. You can gather up the flattened nut meal and pour it into about a quart-sized jar filled three-fourths full with hot water.
Screw on a lid, shake the contents well, and let the mixture steep for an hour. Then, strain out one and a half cups of liquid at a time and reheat it a little over the fire. Then, it is given to family or tribe members to ease the effects of cold and flu. The claim is that after four cups, it will help to clean up head colds and coughs in one day.
Infant Colic And Diarrhea Cured With Havasupai Remedy
At the bottom of the Grand Canyon is where the Havasupai village lays. They are best known today for Havasupai Falls, a spectacular waterfall on their reservation. Tourism has become a significant economic support for the tribe of about 750. Real Estate development and the mining industry are depleting their water supply.
One Indian woman gives a simple remedy that she had often used for treating colic and diarrhea in both Indian and white infants. She would first shell and then grind ¼ cup of raw piñon nuts before combining them with 1/ cup water in a small saucepan. She covered this with a lid and boiled it for 7 minutes. Then she added one tablespoon of honey. This amount could be doubled if necessary.
When sufficiently cooled to lukewarm, it would be fed to the sick infant. This potion is called the ‘Havasupai Remedy’. Colic and diarrhea would completely disappear within less than an hour. Any amount the baby didn’t eat, she would add to regular pancake batter and cook pancakes for the rest of her family.
Uses Of Pine Nuts For Cholesterol
The composition and the nutrients present in it might change depending on the geographical location and climatic conditions. However, they do contain vitamins, minerals, and various other compounds which aid human health. An animal study showed that pine nuts might have the potential to lower lipid levels in the blood. It was also stated that pine nuts affect the metabolism of lipoprotein.
Vitamins For The Medical Uses Of Pine Nuts
Vitamins present in pine nuts are as follows:
- Vitamin A (retinol)
- Vitamin B1(thiamine)
- Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)
- Vitamin B3 (niacin)
- Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid)
- Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)
- Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
- Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol)
Pine nuts have the following properties:
- Pine nuts help lower lipid levels in the blood
- Pine nuts help reduce the risk of heart diseases
- They are an antioxidant
- Pine nuts help manage weight
- They lower blood pressure
- Pine nuts support liver function
- Pine nuts support kidney function
More Medical Uses Of Pine Nuts
Scientists have found many further medical uses for pine nuts as well. They studied the nuts and came up with a total of four common conclusions. The four conclusions show a benefit in heart health, a benefit in blood sugar, a benefit in weight balancing, and an advantage in brain health.
Pine nuts can do a great job of reducing cholesterol in your blood. Pinolenic acid is the nutrient in pine nuts that does this. Pinolenic acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid exclusively in pine nut oil. This acid helps lower LDL cholesterol levels in the blood, thus showing proven results for beneficial heart health.
LDL cholesterol is what can clog arteries and create heart and blood problems in the long term. Being able to drop your LDL cholesterol shows great health benefits across all walks of life in cardio as well as physical fitness.
Studies also show a benefit for pine nuts correlated with blood sugar as well. It can decrease fasting blood glucose levels, which helps diabetics as well as those with weight management needs. Diabetics in a study ate pine nuts every day for eight weeks and all resulted in an improvement of fasting blood glucose levels and insulin sensitivity.
Just an ounce of pine nuts also provides 109% of the average daily need for manganese. This is an essential nutrient in balancing insulin and blood resistance. Doctors have recommended manganese to diabetics to promote support with symptoms. The unsaturated fats in pine nuts have proven to be an ideal way to ingest manganese over other methods. Diabetics who eat lower in carbs and higher in unsaturated fats report several signs of health benefits and physical wellness.
Pine nuts also contain antioxidants, which help lower blood sugar as well. Antioxidants improve glucose control and support insulin resistance in patients. This is a great reason for anyone to include pine nuts in their daily diet. Less than an ounce of nuts per day can contribute to these numerous health benefits in blood sugar and support well-being.
Pine nuts contain all three benefits for a healthy body: protein, fiber, and healthy fats. Fitness specialists promote the nuts for their diverse nutrient profile and ease of access. Individuals who are trying to lose weight or gain muscle can benefit from eating pine nuts.
The nutrient profile of pine nuts allows those who are concerned with weight loss to get a high amount of nutrients in a low volume, contributing to the ease of dieting. Pine nuts also help those looking to gain weight and add muscle. You can blend pine nuts into smoothies or mash them into a sauce to add dense calories and protein in bulk. Both of these avenues are suitable for whatever your goals may be.
People who eat pine nuts as a snack have reported a reduction in hunger and a higher feeling of overall energy.
Pine nuts contain omega-3s, which are proven to be great for boosting brain health. Omega-3s preserve brain health by decreasing mental decline and reducing the probability of dementia or depressive symptoms.
Pine nuts are a rich source of omega-3s, containing 28 grams per ounce of the nuts itself. A healthy ratio of omega-3 to other fatty acids like omega-6 is usually 1:4. This can decrease inflammation in the body as well, which promotes overall healing. Pine nuts are an easy source to balance the fats and include them in your day-to-day diet.
A simple way you can include pine nuts is by adding them to a salad or on top of your dinner. Pine nuts are a great complement to many kinds of fish, beans, pasta, and other dishes that anyone can eat as part of a consistently healthy diet.
Blog Assisted By rzwilliams.com
|
<urn:uuid:08c7a421-19a1-4b7b-8e48-9c5b4aebe3b9>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://wholesalenutsanddriedfruit.com/medical-uses-of-pine-nuts/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.945323 | 1,973 | 3.421875 | 3 |
Presented by Kim Harris, M.Ed.
Professional football player Colin Kaepernick lost it all. A good professional quarterback decided to take a stand against the unfair treatment/disproportionate arrests and killings of people of color in the United States. As such he took a knee to take a stand and has been black-balled by the NFL. This workshop relates to the conference theme because Colin Kaepernick used his platform as a professional athlete to take a stand to “awaken” America to the unfair treatment of people of color by law enforcement. This unfair treatment of POC is diametrically opposed to the values set forth in the American Constitution and Kaepernick is using his platform to hold America accountable to who we say we are.
My workshop will engage, inspire and empower participants with what I plan to teach.
Participants will be able to:
- State the definition of systemic racism and how it operates in America
- Explain the history of athlete protests
- Explain the history of the Colin Kaepernick protest and the juxtaposition of systemic racism to his social activism
- Analyze “Common Patterns of Whites” and apply these patterns to participant behavior
- Explore solutions to participant’s personal patterns of oppression
- Discuss resources for further exploration and self development
About the Presenter:
Kim started Distinctive Voice Consulting in 2014 with a purpose of training educational employees, communities, businesses and social service agencies about bias, diversity and inclusion. Kim has a master’s degree in education from Western Washington University where she completed graduate courses in cultural pluralism and group dynamics. Kim has a bachelor’s degree from the University of California at Berkeley in Humanities. Kim is a multi-cultural person of color who was raised in Los Angeles California where she lived in racially and economically diverse communities. Kim has a social justice background and is one of the founders of the Bellingham Racial Justice Coalition in 2015.
For more information on Distinctive Voice Consulting visit Kim’s website at: http://www.DistinctiveVoiceConsulting.blogspot.com
Primary Audience: adults – general, educators, human rights or social justice professionals; youth – teens 13-18
|
<urn:uuid:4baab249-569f-4e72-9328-ca4d72d019b8>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://whrtf.org/revdrking/2019-conference/2019-schedule/kaepernick/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.927354 | 448 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Program management or programme management is the process of managing several related projects, often with the intention of improving an organization's performance. In practice and in its aims it is often closely related to systems engineering and industrial engineering.
The program manager has oversight of the purpose and status of the projects in a program and can use this oversight to support project-level activity to ensure the program goals are met by providing a decision-making capacity that cannot be achieved at project level or by providing the project manager with a program perspective when required, or as a sounding board for ideas and approaches to solving project issues that have program impacts. In a program there is a need to identify and manage cross-project dependencies and often the project management office (PMO) may not have sufficient insight of the risk, issues, requirements, design or solution to be able to usefully manage these. The program manager may be well placed to provide this insight by actively seeking out such information from the project managers although in large and/or complex projects, a specific role may be required. However this insight arises, the program manager needs this in order to be comfortable that the overall program goals are achievable.
The sequence of cards used by a Jacquard loom to produce a given pattern within weaved cloth. Invented in 1801, it used holes in punched cards to represent sewing loom arm movements in order to generate decorative patterns automatically.
The execution of a program is a series of actions following the instructions it contains. Each instruction produces effects that alter the state of the machine according to its predefined meaning.
While some machines are called programmable, for example a programmable thermostat or a musical synthesizer, they are in fact just devices which allow their users to select among a fixed set of a variety of options, rather than being controlled by programs written in a language (be it textual, visual or otherwise).
A lottery is a form of gambling which involves the drawing of lots for a prize. Lotteries are outlawed by some governments, while others endorse it to the extent of organizing a national or state lottery. It is common to find some degree of regulation of lottery by governments. Though lotteries were common in the United States and some other countries during the 19th century, by the beginning of the 20th century, most forms of gambling, including lotteries and sweepstakes, were illegal in the U.S. and most of Europe as well as many other countries. This remained so until well after World War II. In the 1960s casinos and lotteries began to re-appear throughout the world as a means for governments to raise revenue without raising taxes.
Lotteries come in many formats. For example, the prize can be a fixed amount of cash or goods. In this format there is risk to the organizer if insufficient tickets are sold. More commonly the prize fund will be a fixed percentage of the receipts. A popular form of this is the "50–50" draw where the organizers promise that the prize will be 50% of the revenue. Many recent lotteries allow purchasers to select the numbers on the lottery ticket, resulting in the possibility of multiple winners.
Lottery was the winner of the 1839 Grand NationalSteeplechase at Aintree, near Liverpool, England. This is often stated as the first running of this famous race as it was the first to truly attract National interest in the United Kingdom. It was actually recorded by the press of the time as the fourth running, but the previous three races failed to capture the imagination and were quickly forgotten.
One Victorian commentator claimed that Lottery could trot faster than most of his rivals could gallop, and it was widely believed that he would have won the National more than once had it not been for a heavy weight burden imposed in 1841 that left him little chance of victory. However, he also failed to win the 1840 Grand National when, without the huge weight burden, he fell at the wall. Some courses were so concerned that Lottery would scare away the opposition that they framed the conditions of races to stipulate that they were open to any horse bar the winner of the CheltenhamSteeplechase, said horse being Lottery.
Whilst details of the satellites and their missions are officially classified, amateur observers have identified that the Atlas V deployed two satellites, one of which has officially been catalogued as debris. The two spacecraft have been identified as being a pair of third or fourth generation Naval Ocean Surveillance System satellites. Amateur observations have located the spacecraft in an orbit with a perigee of 1,025 kilometres (637mi) and an apogee of 1,207 kilometres (750mi), inclined at 64.4 degrees to the plane of the equator. Current generation NOSS satellites are always launched and operated in pairs, and are used to locate and track ships from the radio transmissions that they emit.
|
<urn:uuid:8e39c2ff-b5ba-4478-b35e-d025f223b9f8>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://wn.com/Usa_lottery_program?from=usalotteryprogram.com
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.974294 | 1,000 | 3.03125 | 3 |
This is an opinion piece by
Tuisina Ymania Brown and Luz Elena Aranda (ILGA World)
and Joel Bedos, May17.org
A condensed version of this article was published on Openly
How do you come together, when you’re not allowed to share the same space?
COVID-19 has imposed on LGBTI people an unprecedented dual reality - the need for community clashing with the imposed necessity for social distancing - when in fact LGBTI people have been victims of the most extreme forms of social, legal and religious distancing known to humane societies for millennia.
And what a contrast that is as we are only one month away from the International Day against Homophobia, Transphobia and Biphobia (or IDAHOBIT)! Every May 17, our global community comes together to draw the attention of the world to the realities of people with diverse sexual orientations, gender identities and expressions, and sex characteristics. It is a day to call out human rights violations that we keep facing every day, but also a moment of global pride and hope which has been celebrated in over 130 countries over the years. What will become of this day in 2020, as COVID-19 is pulling us apart?
This year, the global theme on May 17 is “Breaking the Silence”, and the coronavirus disease has made it all the more relevant: our communities will not have the chance to physically gather together in one of the few moments of the year where they can do so safely because of the media attention to official IDAHOBIT events.
Understandably, COVID-19 is front and center in every conversation right now. However, more appallingly, it is also being actively used by some governments to erode human rights protections through increased surveillance. Whilst we understand the priority of governments and states in dealing with COVID-19 and its effects, this cannot ever be used as an excuse to sideline LGBTI persons and their allies as they continually push for a world that is truly free and equal for all.
Around the world, LGBTI organisations are at the frontlines
of providing support to our communities on the ground,
and COVID-19 hasn’t eased or stopped these humanitarian efforts
Around the world, LGBTI organisations are at the frontlines of providing support to our communities on the ground, and COVID-19 hasn’t eased or stopped these humanitarian efforts. Their extraordinary work has given us amazing stories of resilience rooted in yet-uncharted territories: emergency survival funds and community initiatives being set up and running, catering for the needs of those in need for food and shelter, thinking of those who have been left without social protections and risk turning to more precarious and dangerous situations to survive.
Consultations were moved from physical to virtual spaces, entire offices quickly recalibrated and reorganised to continue working remotely, and activists found new, creative and safe ways to keep up contacts with the most isolated.
All around us, spontaneous acts of kindness are spreading just as fast as the despair they are trying to counter. To the fearmongering voices that are pitting communities against one another, we have responded by looking out for each other, in our own capacity, offering what we can - whether it's a little or a lot. This is perhaps the most surprising effect of all this social distancing - that these unprecedented times have actually pushed us closer, allowing us to find solidarity in our solace.
Communities are where we gather our strength,
and May 17 has always been a moment to celebrate our global LGBTI family connecting us across our differences.All of this is now more important than ever
It has always been clear that communities are where we gather our strength from, and May 17 has always been a moment to celebrate our global LGBTI family connecting us across our differences, elevating our visibility knowing that we are not alone, and collectively resisting lesbophobia, homophobia, biphobia, transphobia and interphobia.
All of this is now more important than ever, because whilst our communities are especially vulnerable - all of them in unique ways - we also have a lot to offer to ourselves and to the whole world using our resilience, our imagination, our ability to come together and help each other out.
We know all too well how our LGBTI persons can face unique challenges during health and economic crises. These past few weeks have already given us many examples of how stigma, discriminatory legislation and prejudice rear their ugly heads even higher in times like this, especially against the most marginalised amongst us.
Our experiences have taught us how to overcome social isolation through our communities and chosen families: this is a truly precious gift, a wisdom that everyone could benefit from in these special days. And we also know that especially now, when we are surrounded by darkness, we must always remember that we will always have each other, and even the smallest of gestures can make a difference.
If you can, please consider donating to COVID-19 survival funds, including those supporting LGBTI persons and those who don’t have a safe home or space to practice self-isolation and social distancing. Check in with others in your local communities to see how you can be there for them.
If you have words of support, join the ILGA World #inthistogether campaign: they will become postcards that will create an outpour of positive messages for LGBTI people on social media.
If you are planning a community event on May 17, here you can find ideas to keep the action happening despite the lockdowns.
Most important of all: please let us remember that whilst COVID-19 will not affect LGBTI communities equally, we are all connected. We are all a part of one LGBTI community, and we are all a part of one human race. What better opportunity for us all to consider our renewed awareness and act in a small way to shape a new world, to join our voices with our allies and communities at large to break the silence!
On May 17, tens of thousands of us LGBTI persons will speak up.
We will take up virtual spaces, we will amplify voices and we will send a message loud and clear to our world: we, the LGBTI communities, will not be left behind any longer.
This is our call to the world and its leaders: please listen to the cries of hope and solidarity from our community to yours, and together we can survive and thrive during and after COVID-19.
|
<urn:uuid:5e1c5363-e93b-4d43-af9b-89e0a5b17cf5>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://worldconference.ilga.org/IDAHOBIT-17-May-Covid19-dont-force-LGBTI-people-back-silence
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101779.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210092457-20231210122457-00800.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.955912 | 1,336 | 2.625 | 3 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.