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sciencefeedback_502 | sciencefeedback_502 | https://science.feedback.org/review/social-media-posts-wrongly-claim-herbs-can-cure-every-disease-including-cancer-diabetes-alzheimers/ | “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s | Social media users | 2023-11-06 | https://science.feedback.org/review/social-media-posts-wrongly-claim-herbs-can-cure-every-disease-including-cancer-diabetes-alzheimers/ | Many people believe that because plants are natural, they represent better treatment options than prescription drugs. This isn’t true. Just like drugs, herbs carry certain risks, including the risk of potentially serious side effects. But in contrast to prescription drugs, natural products aren’t required to demonstrate their safety and efficacy in clinical trials. Therefore, such products cannot replace medical treatment. | 2023-11-06 | False | true | true | insufficient-refutes |
sciencefeedback_502_ret_b12_gn | sciencefeedback_502 | https://science.feedback.org/review/social-media-posts-wrongly-claim-herbs-can-cure-every-disease-including-cancer-diabetes-alzheimers/ | “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s | Social media users | 2023-11-06 | https://theherbalacademy.com/blog/herbs-for-dementia/ | Herbs for Dementia, Alzheimer’s Disease, and the Aging Brain: What the Research Has to Say [...] Decisions about dementia care are complicated and deeply personal, especially as the disease progresses. Research suggests that herbs may support cognitive function and relieve behavioral symptoms of dementia. If you choose to employ herbs for dementia or Alzheimer’s, discuss your decision with your healthcare practitioner, start early, and be mindful of the potential for herb-drug interactions. [...] Man, S.C., Durairajan, S.S., Kum, W.F., Lu, J.H., Huang, J.D., Cheng, C.F., … Li, M. (2008). Systematic review on the efficacy and safety of herbal medicines for Alzheimer’s disease. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 14(2), 209–223. https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-2008-14209 | 2022-02-01 | False | false | true | insufficient-supports |
sciencefeedback_502_ret_b7_gn | sciencefeedback_502 | https://science.feedback.org/review/social-media-posts-wrongly-claim-herbs-can-cure-every-disease-including-cancer-diabetes-alzheimers/ | “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s | Social media users | 2023-11-06 | https://www.cancervic.org.au/cancer-information/treatments/common-side-effects/complementary-therapies/herbs-plants.html | Herbal remedies, also known as botanical medicine, have been used in many traditional medicine systems. They are produced from all parts of a plant including the roots, leaves, berries and flowers. These may contain active ingredients that can cause chemical changes in the body. Herbal remedies can be taken by mouth or applied to the skin to treat disease and promote health. Sometimes herbs and plants are categorised as biological treatments. [...] There is no reliable scientific evidence that herbal remedies alone can cure or treat cancer. However, some plant extracts have been found to have anti-cancer effects and have been turned into chemotherapy drugs. These include vincristine from the periwinkle plant, and taxanes from the bark of the Pacific yew tree. [...] Herbal medicines are often used to help with the side effects of conventional cancer treatments, such as lowering fatigue and improving wellbeing. Evidence shows they should be used in addition to conventional therapies, rather than as an alternative. | 2009-06-22 | False | false | true | insufficient-refutes |
sciencefeedback_502_ret_bn_g0 | sciencefeedback_502 | https://science.feedback.org/review/social-media-posts-wrongly-claim-herbs-can-cure-every-disease-including-cancer-diabetes-alzheimers/ | “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s | Social media users | 2023-11-06 | https://science.feedback.org/review/social-media-posts-wrongly-claim-herbs-can-cure-every-disease-including-cancer-diabetes-alzheimers/ | Social media posts wrongly claim that herbs can cure every disease including cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s [...] Factually inaccurate: No herbal product has been proven effective for treating chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and Alzheimer’s. While several drugs are available to manage these conditions and improve the patient’s quality of life, they have currently no cure. [...] One instance of that type of misinformation is a Facebook reel published on 6 November 2023 claiming that herbs can cure "every disease", from cancer to diabetes and Alzheimer’s. The reel was viewed more than 200,000 times and received over 10,000 interactions. | 2023-11-17 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_502_ret_bn_g7 | sciencefeedback_502 | https://science.feedback.org/review/social-media-posts-wrongly-claim-herbs-can-cure-every-disease-including-cancer-diabetes-alzheimers/ | “There is a cure to every d!isease”; herbs can cure cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s | Social media users | 2023-11-06 | https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/essential-medicines-powered-by-plants.html | Herbal remedies and traditional medicines are used by millions of people around the world. Chamomile can make us feel soothed and relaxed, while ginger can boost digestion and echinacea is thought to support the immune system. Medicinal herbs, leaves and roots are used to prevent and treat common ailments from colds and anxiety to nausea and skin ailments. [...] Today, plants are helping to cure some of the world's deadliest diseases. According to the World Health Organisation, globally the most common causes of death are heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, respiratory infections and Alzheimer diseases and other dementias. Diarrhoeal diseases, cancer and diabetes are also big killers. There are treatments that were originally derived from nature available for almost all of them. [...] Childhood leukaemia is treated with drugs derived from the Madagascar periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus, a decorative herb native to the island of Madagascar. The Indigenous People of the island traditionally use the plant to treat diabetes. When western researchers were investigating its chemical properties in the 1950s, they realised that extracts from the plant contained chemicals with anti-cancer properties. | 2021-02-19 | False | false | true | supports |
sciencefeedback_503 | sciencefeedback_503 | https://science.feedback.org/review/no-evidence-covid19-vaccines-cause-shedding-pfizer-trial-protocol-doesnt-admit-vaccine-shedding-occurs/ | Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people | Kate Dalley | 2023-03-31 | https://science.feedback.org/review/no-evidence-covid19-vaccines-cause-shedding-pfizer-trial-protocol-doesnt-admit-vaccine-shedding-occurs/ | Viral shedding is associated with live attenuated vaccines, such as the MMR vaccine and chickenpox vaccine. This occurs because the weakened viruses used in live vaccines still retain the ability to reproduce themselves using our cells’ protein-making machinery. However, none of the COVID-19 vaccines available to date use live viruses. In addition, COVID-19 mRNA vaccines don’t induce high-enough levels of spike protein production that would lead the protein to be excreted. Scientific studies showed that SARS-CoV-2 infection causes shedding, but not vaccination. | 2023-03-31 | False | true | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_503_ret_b2_gn | sciencefeedback_503 | https://science.feedback.org/review/no-evidence-covid19-vaccines-cause-shedding-pfizer-trial-protocol-doesnt-admit-vaccine-shedding-occurs/ | Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people | Kate Dalley | 2023-03-31 | https://www.poynter.org/fact-checking/2021/people-vaccinated-against-covid-19-cannot-shed-spike-proteins-to-harm-anyone/ | A viral Oct. 27 blog post reads, "Pfizer Confirms COVID-Vaccinated People Can ‘Shed’ Spike Proteins And Harm The Unvaccinated." The claim can be traced to an April press release, when the hoax about vaccine shedding was proliferating. [...] The claim also says that "Pfizer confirmed" that people can shed spike proteins, which is unsubstantiated. This part of the claim appears to have originated with an April 29 tweet from Dr. Simone Gold, the founder of America’s Frontline Doctors who also was arrested for actions stemming from her participation in the Jan. 6 riot at the U.S. Capitol. [...] A blog post claims, "Pfizer Confirms COVID-Vaccinated People Can ‘Shed’ Spike Proteins And Harm The Unvaccinated." | 2021-11-09 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_503_ret_b5_gn | sciencefeedback_503 | https://science.feedback.org/review/no-evidence-covid19-vaccines-cause-shedding-pfizer-trial-protocol-doesnt-admit-vaccine-shedding-occurs/ | Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people | Kate Dalley | 2023-03-31 | https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/no-evidence-covid19-vaccines-cause-shedding-pfizer-trial-protocol-doesnt-admit-vaccine-shedding-occurs/ | Misrepresents source: The section on "Occupational Exposure" in the Pfizer trial protocol isn’t unique to the COVID-19 vaccine. It deals with unintended exposure to the vaccine, for example if a vial of vaccine broke and spilled onto a vaccinated person who then came into contact with others. It doesn’t constitute an admission that vaccinated people "shed" the vaccine. FULL CLAIM: "Pfizer admitted you can shed the vaccine from one vaccinated to an unvaccinated" [...] Another iteration of this claim seized on the clinical protocol for the Pfizer clinical trials to claim that Pfizer admitted that "shedding" from the vaccine occurs, as seen in this video of the Alex Jones Show from 2021 which was later reposted to Facebook in March 2023. The claim was made by podcaster and former Fox News host Kate Dalley. | 2023-03-31 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_503_ret_bn_g0 | sciencefeedback_503 | https://science.feedback.org/review/no-evidence-covid19-vaccines-cause-shedding-pfizer-trial-protocol-doesnt-admit-vaccine-shedding-occurs/ | Pfizer admits that vaccinated people can shed the vaccine on unvaccinated people | Kate Dalley | 2023-03-31 | https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-225957174726 | CLAIM: Pfizer admits in its COVID-19 clinical trial protocol document that vaccinated people can "shed" the vaccine, emitting materials that can spread to unvaccinated people by inhalation or skin contact. [...] THE FACTS: Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine does not shed from person to person, nor has the company admitted any such thing. "The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine is a synthetic mRNA vaccine and does not contain any virus particles. Because there is no virus produced in the body, no shedding occurs within the human body," Pfizer spokesperson Jerica Pitts told The Associated Press in an email. "The vaccine cannot be inhaled via shedding and can only enter the human body through an administered dose." | 2021-05-06 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_504 | sciencefeedback_504 | https://science.feedback.org/review/eu-not-passing-law-seize-scrap-cars-under-climate-agenda-contrary-peter-sweden-claim/ | The EU could SEIZE and SCRAP your old car if it doesn't meet their criteria as part of their climate agenda. | Peter Imanuelsen (aka Peter Sweden) | 2023-11-27 | https://science.feedback.org/review/eu-not-passing-law-seize-scrap-cars-under-climate-agenda-contrary-peter-sweden-claim/ | The EU Commission’s proposal focuses on regulatory measures aimed at manufacturers and the automotive industry; it doesn’t target car owners or consumers. Increasing the circularity of car parts and materials is expected to reduce the need for production and shipping of new materials, thereby lowering greenhouse gas emissions associated with manufacturing and transport. | 2023-11-27 | False | true | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_504_ret_b0_gn | sciencefeedback_504 | https://science.feedback.org/review/eu-not-passing-law-seize-scrap-cars-under-climate-agenda-contrary-peter-sweden-claim/ | The EU could SEIZE and SCRAP your old car if it doesn't meet their criteria as part of their climate agenda. | Peter Imanuelsen (aka Peter Sweden) | 2023-11-27 | https://climatefeedback.org/claimreview/eu-not-passing-law-seize-scrap-cars-under-climate-agenda-contrary-peter-sweden-claim/ | One such viral post was published by Peter Imanuelsen, also known as "Peter Sweden", who has regularly shared climate change misinformation according to Climate Action Against Disinformation. Imanuelsen claimed that the EU could "SEIZE and SCRAP your old car if it doesn’t meet their criteria as part of their climate agenda." His post further claimed that the state would dictate "how long you will be allowed to own your car", suggesting there would be mandatory scrapping of vehicles that miss their regular EU checkup for two years or if the cost of repairing a car exceeds its market value. In reality, the EU Commission’s proposal does not mandate the seizure and scrapping of vehicles simply for not meeting certain environmental criteria. Instead, it provides guidelines for assessing vehicles that are neither economically repairable nor roadworthy, without stipulating specific consequences. In accordance with this, Annex 1 of the ELV proposal specifies that a vehicle is considered economically irreparable if its market value is lower than the cost of the necessary repairs required to meet road worthiness standards in the Member State where it is registered. This clause relates to evaluating the economic viability of repairing a vehicle; it does not enforce the seizure and scrapping of vehicles based solely on their condition. | 2024-01-18 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_504_ret_b9_gn | sciencefeedback_504 | https://science.feedback.org/review/eu-not-passing-law-seize-scrap-cars-under-climate-agenda-contrary-peter-sweden-claim/ | The EU could SEIZE and SCRAP your old car if it doesn't meet their criteria as part of their climate agenda. | Peter Imanuelsen (aka Peter Sweden) | 2023-11-27 | https://www.politico.eu/article/europes-ghost-car-fleet-undermines-eu-recycling-targets-illegal-scrappers-commission-circular-economy/ | Every year, only about two-thirds of the 10 million end-of-life cars in Europe are recorded as having been deregistered and scrapped. The rest disappear, according to a European Commission report published this week. | 2018-04-26 | False | false | true | insufficient-neutral |
sciencefeedback_504_ret_bn_g0 | sciencefeedback_504 | https://science.feedback.org/review/eu-not-passing-law-seize-scrap-cars-under-climate-agenda-contrary-peter-sweden-claim/ | The EU could SEIZE and SCRAP your old car if it doesn't meet their criteria as part of their climate agenda. | Peter Imanuelsen (aka Peter Sweden) | 2023-11-27 | https://science.feedback.org/review/eu-not-passing-law-seize-scrap-cars-under-climate-agenda-contrary-peter-sweden-claim/ | EU is not passing law to ‘seize and scrap’ cars under climate agenda, contrary to Peter Sweden claim [...] One such viral post was published by Peter Imanuelsen, also known as "Peter Sweden", who has regularly shared climate change misinformation according to Climate Action Against Disinformation. Imanuelsen claimed that the EU could "SEIZE and SCRAP your old car if it doesn’t meet their criteria as part of their climate agenda." His post further claimed that the state would dictate "how long you will be allowed to own your car", suggesting there would be mandatory scrapping of vehicles that miss their regular EU checkup for two years or if the cost of repairing a car exceeds its market value. In reality, the EU Commission’s proposal does not mandate the seizure and scrapping of vehicles simply for not meeting certain environmental criteria. Instead, it provides guidelines for assessing vehicles that are neither economically repairable nor roadworthy, without stipulating specific consequences. In accordance with this, Annex 1 of the ELV proposal specifies that a vehicle is considered economically irreparable if its market value is lower than the cost of the necessary repairs required to meet road worthiness standards in the Member State where it is registered. This clause relates to evaluating the economic viability of repairing a vehicle; it does not enforce the seizure and scrapping of vehicles based solely on their condition. | 2024-01-18 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_507 | sciencefeedback_507 | https://science.feedback.org/review/human-activities-have-dramatically-increased-atmospheric-co2-levels-causing-imbalances-in-the-global-carbon-cycle/ | Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age. | Cole Ryan | 2020-04-20 | https://science.feedback.org/review/human-activities-have-dramatically-increased-atmospheric-co2-levels-causing-imbalances-in-the-global-carbon-cycle/ | Atmospheric CO2 has increased rapidly as a result of human activities. Although human-caused emissions of CO2 are small relative to natural flows into and out of the atmosphere, the human contribution has caused an imbalance in the global carbon cycle that jeopardizes land and ocean ecosystems. | 2020-04-20 | False | true | true | insufficient-contradictory |
sciencefeedback_507_ret_bn_g0 | sciencefeedback_507 | https://science.feedback.org/review/human-activities-have-dramatically-increased-atmospheric-co2-levels-causing-imbalances-in-the-global-carbon-cycle/ | Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age. | Cole Ryan | 2020-04-20 | https://science.feedback.org/review/human-activities-have-dramatically-increased-atmospheric-co2-levels-causing-imbalances-in-the-global-carbon-cycle/ | The claim appeared in multiple outlets, including Watts Up With That, the Daily Signal, and a Facebook post published by I Love Carbon Dioxide in April 2020. While human additions of CO2 are small relative to natural processes, atmospheric CO2 measurements are currently much higher than pre-industrialization CO2 levels and not within the "margin of error of current estimates," as described by the reviewers below[1,2]. The ocean does release CO2, but scientific evidence demonstrates that oceans have absorbed approximately 23% of global anthropogenic CO2 emissions since the Industrial Revolution, thus serving as a net sink rather than a source of CO2[3,4]. This claim also fails to recognize that human-induced CO2 emissions have caused imbalances in the global carbon cycle. [...] Secondly, the claim that the increase results as "the Planet emerges from the last ice age" is wrong for multiple reasons. Firstly, ice-core atmospheric CO2 records suggest that such a strong increase (from 280ppm to 412 ppm) is unprecedented in the last 800,000 years. Secondly, these records also show that the speed at which atmospheric CO2 increases is unprecedented in the ice-core record history. | 2020-04-20 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_507_ret_bn_g12 | sciencefeedback_507 | https://science.feedback.org/review/human-activities-have-dramatically-increased-atmospheric-co2-levels-causing-imbalances-in-the-global-carbon-cycle/ | Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age. | Cole Ryan | 2020-04-20 | https://progearthplanetsci.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40645-018-0239-9 | Human beings are now dramatically changing our planet and altering the environment by modifying the global carbon cycle through anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the burning of fossil fuels. The CO2 concentration of air was around 280 ppm in 1750 AD (the beginning of Industrial Revolution), but it has increased over the last two centuries and is currently above 400 ppm. Carbon dioxide is one of the primary greenhouse gases in Earth’s atmosphere, together with water vapor, methane, nitrous oxide, and others. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) intermediate RCP 6.0 scenarios (IPCC 2013b) predicts that the CO2 concentration in air will increase to 720–1000 ppm by 2100 AD and that the global mean temperature will rise by 2.6 °C. Comparison of CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere with fossil-fuel burning data indicates that about 60% of fossil-fuel emissions remain in the air. The remainder is mainly absorbed by the ocean, which may provide some relief from severe warming. | 2019-01-17 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_507_ret_bn_g16 | sciencefeedback_507 | https://science.feedback.org/review/human-activities-have-dramatically-increased-atmospheric-co2-levels-causing-imbalances-in-the-global-carbon-cycle/ | Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age. | Cole Ryan | 2020-04-20 | https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/18373/chapter/4 | Carbon dioxide combines with water to form carbonic acid, which then dissociates to form bicarbonate ions and hydrogen ions (H+), so that increasing concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere have been decreasing the pH (acidifying) of the surface ocean (NRC, 2010c). Since the preindustrial period, pH has declined by approximately 0.1 pH unit corresponding to a 30 percent increase in acidity. By 2100, the acidity is projected to increase by 100-150 percent compared to preindustrial values. Geologic records indicate that when the increase in atmospheric CO2 is gradual, oceanic pH and carbonate levels remain relatively stable due to processes that occur in equilibrium, such as dissolution of CaCO3 shells, weathering of terrestrial rock, and tectonic processes. However, the current rate of increase of atmospheric CO2 exceeds the rate at which natural processes can buffer these pH changes. | 2013-12-03 | False | false | true | insufficient-refutes |
sciencefeedback_507_ret_bn_g5 | sciencefeedback_507 | https://science.feedback.org/review/human-activities-have-dramatically-increased-atmospheric-co2-levels-causing-imbalances-in-the-global-carbon-cycle/ | Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age. | Cole Ryan | 2020-04-20 | https://medium.com/@zilliz_learn/comparing-splade-sparse-vectors-with-bm25-53368877359f | ['Global warming is driving polar bears toward extinction', 'The sun has gone into 'lockdown' which could cause freezing weather, earthquakes and famine, say scientists', 'The polar bear population has been growing.', "Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet", 'Human additions of CO2 are in the margin of error of current measurements and the gradual increase in CO2 is mainly from oceans degassing as the planet slowly emerges from the last ice age.'] [...] [[{'id': '449467966088806767', 'distance': 7.698919773101807, 'entity': {'text': 'Over the coming 25 or 30 years, scientists say, the climate is likely to gradually warm. However, researchers also say that this phenomenon can be stopped if human emissions are reduced to zero.'}}]] [[{'id': '449467966088806767', 'distance': 16.795665740966797, 'entity': {'text': 'Over the coming 25 or 30 years, scientists say, the climate is likely to gradually warm. However, researchers also say that this phenomenon can be stopped if human emissions are reduced to zero.'}}]] | 2024-05-08 | False | false | true | supports |
sciencefeedback_51 | sciencefeedback_51 | https://science.feedback.org/review/uk-excess-deaths-below-pandemic-peak-arent-linked-covid-19-vaccines/ | More people are dying now than at the peak of the pandemic; the COVID-19 vaccines are the cause of the excess deaths seen in late 2022 | Antony Newby | 2023-01-13 | https://science.feedback.org/review/uk-excess-deaths-below-pandemic-peak-arent-linked-covid-19-vaccines/ | Excess deaths in the U.K. remain well below the peaks during the COVID-19 pandemic before the vaccines were widely available. It is difficult to precisely define the causes of the recent rise in deaths, however pressure on health services and delays in treatment due to the pandemic are significant factors. The COVID-19 vaccines have been shown to be very safe, only causing heart inflammation in extremely rare cases. | 2023-01-13 | False | true | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_51_ret_b5_gn | sciencefeedback_51 | https://science.feedback.org/review/uk-excess-deaths-below-pandemic-peak-arent-linked-covid-19-vaccines/ | More people are dying now than at the peak of the pandemic; the COVID-19 vaccines are the cause of the excess deaths seen in late 2022 | Antony Newby | 2023-01-13 | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-21844-7 | Since early 2020, both the USA and Europe have experienced excess mortality due, in large part, to COVID-19, a disease caused by SARS-CoV-21,2,3,4,5. By April 14, 2022, there were 978,545 and 1,961,790 laboratory confirmed deaths from COVID-19 reported in the USA and the whole of Europe6, respectively. [...] World Health Organization. Global excess deaths associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Accessed April 19, 2022. https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/global-excess-deaths-associated-with-the-COVID-19-pandemic. [...] World Health Organization. Global excess deaths associated with COVID-19 (modelled estimates). Accessed May 5, 2022. https://www.who.int/data/sets/global-excess-deaths-associated-with-covid-19-modelled-estimates | 2022-11-03 | False | false | true | insufficient-refutes |
sciencefeedback_51_ret_bn_g10 | sciencefeedback_51 | https://science.feedback.org/review/uk-excess-deaths-below-pandemic-peak-arent-linked-covid-19-vaccines/ | More people are dying now than at the peak of the pandemic; the COVID-19 vaccines are the cause of the excess deaths seen in late 2022 | Antony Newby | 2023-01-13 | https://www.factcheck.org/2023/04/scicheck-no-evidence-excess-deaths-linked-to-vaccines-contrary-to-claims-online/ | COVID-19 vaccines substantially reduce the risk of dying from COVID-19, and serious side effects are very rare. Excess deaths among working-age adults in 2021 and 2022 were driven by COVID-19 and other factors, not vaccination. Faulty logic underlies claims that vaccines caused mass disability and economic harm. [...] Despite overwhelming evidence that COVID-19 vaccines have mitigated the effects of the pandemic, a report called the Vaccine Damage Project, or V-Damage Project, claims that they led to 310,000 excess deaths among Americans ages 25 through 64 in 2021 and 2022. It also baselessly claims the vaccines had a "significant impact" on the number of Americans with disabilities and that COVID-19 vaccines were the "most likely cause" for a large increase in work absences. [...] "COVID-19 Vaccines Did Not Cause Excess Deaths among Millennials." AP News. 26 Mar 2022. | 2023-04-17 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_51_ret_bn_g14 | sciencefeedback_51 | https://science.feedback.org/review/uk-excess-deaths-below-pandemic-peak-arent-linked-covid-19-vaccines/ | More people are dying now than at the peak of the pandemic; the COVID-19 vaccines are the cause of the excess deaths seen in late 2022 | Antony Newby | 2023-01-13 | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-64209221 | Excess deaths in 2022 among worst in 50 years - Published [...] Covid is still killing people, but is involved in fewer deaths now than at the start of the pandemic. Roughly 38,000 deaths involved Covid in 2022 compared with more than 95,000 in 2020. We are still seeing more deaths overall than would be expected based on recent history. The difference in 2022 - compared with 2020 and 2021 - is that Covid deaths were one of several factors, rather than the main explanation for this excess. | 2023-01-10 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_510_ret_b17_gn | sciencefeedback_510 | https://science.feedback.org/review/photo-meme-of-sydney-harbour-incorrectly-claims-no-sea-level-rise-has-occurred/ | Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years. | Anonymous | 2018-10-12 | https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2159 | The rate of sea-level rise [...] Present-day sea-level rise is a major indicator of climate change1. Since the early 1990s, sea level rose at a mean rate of ∼3.1 mm yr−1 (refs 2, 3). However, over the last decade a slowdown of this rate, of about 30%, has been recorded4,5,6,7,8. It coincides with a plateau in Earth’s mean surface temperature evolution, known as the recent pause in warming1,9,10,11,12. Here we present an analysis based on sea-level data from the altimetry record of the past ∼20 years that separates interannual natural variability in sea level from the longer-term change probably related to anthropogenic global warming. The most prominent signature in the global mean sea level interannual variability is caused by El Niño–Southern Oscillation, through its impact on the global water cycle13,14,15,16. We find that when correcting for interannual variability, the past decade’s slowdown of the global mean sea level disappears, leading to a similar rate of sea-level rise (of 3.3 ± 0.4 mm yr−1) during the first and second decade of the altimetry era. Our results confirm the need for quantifying and further removing from the climate records the short-term natural climate variability if one wants to extract the global warming signal10. [...] Church, J. A. & White, N. J. Sea-level rise from the late 19th to the early 21st century. Surveys Geophys.32, 585–602 (2011). | 2014-03-23 | False | false | true | insufficient-refutes |
sciencefeedback_510_ret_bn_g11 | sciencefeedback_510 | https://science.feedback.org/review/photo-meme-of-sydney-harbour-incorrectly-claims-no-sea-level-rise-has-occurred/ | Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years. | Anonymous | 2018-10-12 | https://judithcurry.com/2016/02/23/is-sea-level-rise-accelerating/ | Instead, global sea level rose by about 14 centimeters, or 5.5 inches, from 1900 to 2000. That’s a substantial increase, especially for vulnerable, low-lying coastal areas. "The 20th century rise was extraordinary in the context of the last three millennia – and the rise over the last two decades has been even faster," said Robert Kopp, the lead author. [...] Global sea level has been rising for the past several thousand years, owing to the retreat of glaciers from the last ice age. The key issue is whether the rate of sea level rise is accelerating owing to anthropogenic global warming. It is seen from the figure above that the rate of sea level rise during 1930-1950 was comparable to, if not larger than, the value in recent years. The challenges to determining global sea level rise, particularly over the past 100 or 1000 years, are substantial. [...] Sea level rise is the main ‘danger’ from human caused climate change (any increase in extreme weather events is hypothesized rather demonstrated using historical data, with possible exception of heat waves in a few regions). | 2016-02-23 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_510_ret_bn_g2 | sciencefeedback_510 | https://science.feedback.org/review/photo-meme-of-sydney-harbour-incorrectly-claims-no-sea-level-rise-has-occurred/ | Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years. | Anonymous | 2018-10-12 | https://www.verificat.cat/en/sea-level-has-risen-even-though-it-appears-sydney-harbour-has-not-changed-in-140/ | Sea level has risen even though it appears Sydney Harbour has not changed in 140 years [...] A post being shared on Telegram claims that "climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years". The post includes two images that show the same building in the middle of the sea in the Australian city. This is a MISLEADING statement: Yes, both images are real and they were taken approximately 140 years apart from one another. However, it does not show that the sea level has not risen. The building visible in the image has recorded a sea-level rise of 0.79 mm every year. [...] Fort Denison, the building in the photos in the post, started taking measurements in 1886. From the data collected over nearly 140 years, the facility has established a rise in sea level of 0.79 millimetres per year (7.9 centimetres per century) in Sydney Harbour, which would mean there has been an increase of roughly 10 centimetres in height between the times the two photos were taken. | 2022-04-13 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_510_ret_bn_g6 | sciencefeedback_510 | https://science.feedback.org/review/photo-meme-of-sydney-harbour-incorrectly-claims-no-sea-level-rise-has-occurred/ | Unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0 cm over the past 140 years. | Anonymous | 2018-10-12 | https://www.aap.com.au/factcheck/fort-denison-pics-no-indicator-of-sea-level-rise/ | The post claims them as evidence there has been no rise in sea level in Sydney Harbour for 140 years. The post shows the two pictures side by side, one in black and white, with text at the top reading, "unprecedented climate change has caused sea level at Sydney Harbour to rise approximately 0.0cm over the past 140 years". [...] Based on the above evidence, AAP FactCheck found the post claiming there had been no sea level rise in Sydney Harbour over the past 140 years to be false. | 2019-10-25 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_512 | sciencefeedback_512 | https://science.feedback.org/review/human-activities-release-far-more-carbon-dioxide-than-volcanoes-do/ | That one little burp by Mt. Etna has already put more than 10,000 times the CO2 into the atmosphere than mankind has in our entire time on the Earth | Anonymous | 2019-10-31 | https://science.feedback.org/review/human-activities-release-far-more-carbon-dioxide-than-volcanoes-do/ | It's true that carbon dioxide is among the gases emitted by volcanic activity. However, it's clear from several lines of evidence that human activities are producing far more carbon dioxide, and volcanoes are not responsible for the observed increase in greenhouse gases. | 2019-10-31 | False | true | true | insufficient-refutes |
sciencefeedback_512_ret_b11_gn | sciencefeedback_512 | https://science.feedback.org/review/human-activities-release-far-more-carbon-dioxide-than-volcanoes-do/ | That one little burp by Mt. Etna has already put more than 10,000 times the CO2 into the atmosphere than mankind has in our entire time on the Earth | Anonymous | 2019-10-31 | https://www.nbcnews.com/sciencemain/why-does-mount-etna-keep-erupting-it-has-bad-case-2D11632486 | As with all volcanoes, the magma inside Etna holds gas bubbles, such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and water. Etna is one of the gassiest volcanoes on Earth, pumping out more carbon dioxide than any other volcano, said Keith Putirka, an igneous petrologist at California State University, Fresno, who has studied Etna's deep magma system. "Even though Etna isn't a massive volcano, it puts out massive amounts of carbon dioxide," Putirka told LiveScience's OurAmazingPlanet. "If you threw several more Mount Etnas onto the planet, you could really drive climate change in a serious way." | 2013-11-21 | False | false | true | insufficient-neutral |
sciencefeedback_512_ret_b17_gn | sciencefeedback_512 | https://science.feedback.org/review/human-activities-release-far-more-carbon-dioxide-than-volcanoes-do/ | That one little burp by Mt. Etna has already put more than 10,000 times the CO2 into the atmosphere than mankind has in our entire time on the Earth | Anonymous | 2019-10-31 | https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/mount-etna-volcano-eruption-sicily | Spectacular Footage Shows Fiery Mt. Etna Eruption On the Italian island of Sicily, Mt. Etna has been spewing ash and lava for centuries. [...] In the past seven decades, Etna has been rather innocuous, striking those who see it as more beautiful than fearsome. Etna, however, is not dormant. | 2017-01-03 | False | false | true | insufficient-neutral |
sciencefeedback_512_ret_b3_g3 | sciencefeedback_512 | https://science.feedback.org/review/human-activities-release-far-more-carbon-dioxide-than-volcanoes-do/ | That one little burp by Mt. Etna has already put more than 10,000 times the CO2 into the atmosphere than mankind has in our entire time on the Earth | Anonymous | 2019-10-31 | https://www.aap.com.au/factcheck/no-carbon-contest-between-emissions-heavy-humans-and-volcanoes/ | A February 3, 2020 post on a Facebook page called The Greens Little Bag of Stupidity features an image of a volcanic eruption with the title, "For all you environmentalists …" The text reads, "That one little burp by Mt Etna has already put more than 10,000 times the CO2 into the atmosphere than mankind has in our ENTIRE time on earth but don’t worry a scam is in the works to tax you your miniscule footprint…." [...] The post’s claim that a volcanic eruption puts more carbon dioxide, or CO2, into the atmosphere than the amount generated by mankind over history echoes a similar post in December 2009 which claimed "Mt. Saint Helen’s volcano eruption put more toxic fumes, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide etc. into the atmosphere than all of the emissions from all of mankind’s pollution from day one to now." [...] "Humanity emits enough CO2 to cover the entire Earth with a 2cm layer every year, way more than any volcano. Since the ‘beginning of time’ humanity has emitted billions of cubic kilometers of CO2," Professor Sherwood said. | 2024-10-09 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_512_ret_bn_g0 | sciencefeedback_512 | https://science.feedback.org/review/human-activities-release-far-more-carbon-dioxide-than-volcanoes-do/ | That one little burp by Mt. Etna has already put more than 10,000 times the CO2 into the atmosphere than mankind has in our entire time on the Earth | Anonymous | 2019-10-31 | https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2022/06/21/fact-check-humans-produce-more-co-2-than-volcanoes-including-mt-etna/7586918001/ | The claim: One eruption of Mt. Etna in Italy released 10,000 times more CO2 than humans ever have [...] Etna has already put more than 10,000 times the CO2 into the atmosphere than mankind has in our entire time on Earth," reads text accompanying a picture of Mt. Etna in a June 6 Facebook post. [...] Based on our research, we rate FALSE the claim that one eruption of Mt. Etna in Italy released 10,000 times more CO2 than humans ever have. The 2015 eruption in question released less CO2 than what humans did just that year. Combined, volcanoes release less than one gigaton of CO2 per year, whereas humans release dozens of gigatons per year. | 2022-06-21 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_524_ret_b1_gn | sciencefeedback_524 | https://science.feedback.org/review/strands-cloud-behind-aeroplanes-trails-condensed-water-contrails-not-chemtrails-some-believe/ | Chemtrails contain toxic substances such as barium salts that are 10 thousand times more toxic to your nervous system than lead | William Deagle | 2023-06-04 | https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/E-7-2012-002906_EN.html | Chemical trails harmful to health 15.3.2012 [...] According to an Italian blogger, from 1996 until now, there has been an increase in chemical trails, also known as chemtrails, which many people know nothing about. These trails, unlike condensation trails, do not dissipate quickly into the atmosphere. In addition, there is proof which confirms the presence of there being harmful chemical elements in the trails. Some researchers have studied the composition and effects of this phenomenon, which may to us seem harmless and commonplace. According to these experts, chemical trails are the result of experimental operations which have manifold purposes. The main objectives, albeit unproven, range from the meteorological to the military. The analyses carried out have verified the presence of the following elements in the chemtrails: barium, aluminium, radioactive thorium and caesium, copper, titanium, silicon, lithium, cobalt, lead, ethylene dibromide and several pathogenic agents. Chemical trails can cause a condition called Morgellons syndrome. It is a disease which causes serious deterioration in the body. As well as this disease, chemtrails are associated with other illnesses such as tumours, Parkinson’s disease and cardiac dysfunction. | 2012-07-01 | False | false | true | insufficient-supports |
sciencefeedback_524_ret_b2_gn | sciencefeedback_524 | https://science.feedback.org/review/strands-cloud-behind-aeroplanes-trails-condensed-water-contrails-not-chemtrails-some-believe/ | Chemtrails contain toxic substances such as barium salts that are 10 thousand times more toxic to your nervous system than lead | William Deagle | 2023-06-04 | https://greatergoodhealth.substack.com/p/the-health-risk-of-chemtrails | Increased Cancer Risk: Many of the elements found in chemtrails, such as barium, aluminium, and lead, are known carcinogens, contributing to a higher incidence of cancer in exposed populations. [...] While the debate over the existence and purpose of chemtrails continues, evidence suggesting their harmful effects on human health cannot be ignored. The presence of potentially toxic elements and pathogens in chemtrails poses significant risks to public health, manifesting in various ailments ranging from respiratory illnesses to neurological disorders and cancer. Further research and public awareness are essential to address this pressing issue and mitigate the potential health impacts of chemtrail exposure. [...] Chemical trails harmful to health | 2024-05-06 | False | false | true | insufficient-supports |
sciencefeedback_524_ret_bn_g0 | sciencefeedback_524 | https://science.feedback.org/review/strands-cloud-behind-aeroplanes-trails-condensed-water-contrails-not-chemtrails-some-believe/ | Chemtrails contain toxic substances such as barium salts that are 10 thousand times more toxic to your nervous system than lead | William Deagle | 2023-06-04 | https://science.feedback.org/review/strands-cloud-behind-aeroplanes-trails-condensed-water-contrails-not-chemtrails-some-believe/ | Misleading: Barium salts are not 10,0000 more toxic for the nervous system than lead. Although some barium salts are toxic, their toxicity is comparable to lead. The claims that aeroplanes are deliberately depositing chemicals in the sky in chemtrails containing barium salts 10,000 times more toxic than lead are taken from a four hour long lecture by self-proclaimed prophet Dr Bill Deagle at the Granada Forum in 2006. The snippet has been posted multiple times on social media including Facebook, where one post received over 37,000 likes and 33,000 shares in March 2023. [...] As for the claim that barium salts are 10,000 times more toxic than lead, this exaggerates the toxicity of barium salts. Some salts such as barium sulphate are insoluble and not readily absorbed. They are used as contrast agents for medical images, for instance to make x-rays of the gastrointestinal tract clearer. Over exposure to barium salts can lead to "vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhoea, difficulties in breathing, increased or decreased blood pressure, numbness around the face, and muscle weakness"[5,6] and excessive quantities can be fatal. However the toxicity does not grossly outweigh that of lead[7] as suggested in the video. | 2023-04-06 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_524_ret_bn_g3 | sciencefeedback_524 | https://science.feedback.org/review/strands-cloud-behind-aeroplanes-trails-condensed-water-contrails-not-chemtrails-some-believe/ | Chemtrails contain toxic substances such as barium salts that are 10 thousand times more toxic to your nervous system than lead | William Deagle | 2023-06-04 | https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/MMG/MMGDetails.aspx?mmgid=321&toxid=57 | Barium-induced health effects appear quickly following high-level acute exposure. Symptoms usually resolve soon after exposure ceases. Chronic exposure may result in kidney damage. [...] More information about barium can be obtained from your regional poison control center; your state, county, or local health department; the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR); your doctor; or a clinic in your area that specializes in occupational and environmental health. If the exposure happened at work, you may wish to discuss it with your employer, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), or the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Ask the person who gave you this form for help in locating these telephone numbers. [...] ATSDR. 2005. Toxicological profile for barium and barium compounds (draft for public comment). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. | 2014-10-21 | False | false | true | insufficient-neutral |
sciencefeedback_527 | sciencefeedback_527 | https://science.feedback.org/review/choosing-not-to-vaccinate-places-self-and-others-at-risk-of-potentially-serious-and-preventable-illnesses/ | Unvaccinated children pose no threat to anyone | Tetyana Obukhanych, Richard Enos | 2019-10-05 | https://science.feedback.org/review/choosing-not-to-vaccinate-places-self-and-others-at-risk-of-potentially-serious-and-preventable-illnesses/ | Vaccination is an effective way to protect oneself and others from many diseases. Deciding not to vaccinate makes it more likely for a person to contract a potentially serious and preventable disease, and makes it easier for a person to spread diseases to others, especially immunodeficient persons. | 2019-10-05 | False | true | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_527_ret_bn_g13 | sciencefeedback_527 | https://science.feedback.org/review/choosing-not-to-vaccinate-places-self-and-others-at-risk-of-potentially-serious-and-preventable-illnesses/ | Unvaccinated children pose no threat to anyone | Tetyana Obukhanych, Richard Enos | 2019-10-05 | https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-58146525 | Ms Thomson explains how she was first inspired by the idea that unvaccinated people won't be able to participate in certain aspects of society. [...] Ms Thomson says it's a concern that makes many users seek romance only with other unvaccinated people. [...] But virologist Professor Nicola Stonehouse from Leeds University says that vaccinated people pose no health risk to the unvaccinated. And the scientific evidence suggests that in terms of Covid-19 it is safer to be around vaccinated people. | 2021-08-12 | False | false | true | insufficient-supports |
sciencefeedback_527_ret_bn_g14 | sciencefeedback_527 | https://science.feedback.org/review/choosing-not-to-vaccinate-places-self-and-others-at-risk-of-potentially-serious-and-preventable-illnesses/ | Unvaccinated children pose no threat to anyone | Tetyana Obukhanych, Richard Enos | 2019-10-05 | https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/harvard-study-unvaccinated-children/ | In 2017, the conspiracy-peddling Neon Nettle junk news website published an article headlined "Harvard Study Proves Unvaccinated Children Pose No Risk." [...] We will discuss Obukhanych’s academic background toward the end of this post, as such details matter less than the content of the misleading or false claims made in her open letter, which we will address one-by-one. Broadly, Obukhanych argues that laws requiring mandatory vaccinations for schoolchildren are misguided because most vaccines included in such laws (in her estimation) do not prevent the transmission of disease, and therefore an unvaccinated child would pose no added risk to a vaccinated child in a school setting: [...] People who have not received [these vaccines] pose no higher threat to the general public than those who have, implying that discrimination against non-immunized children in a public school setting may not be warranted. | 2018-08-14 | False | false | true | insufficient-refutes |
sciencefeedback_527_ret_bn_g2 | sciencefeedback_527 | https://science.feedback.org/review/choosing-not-to-vaccinate-places-self-and-others-at-risk-of-potentially-serious-and-preventable-illnesses/ | Unvaccinated children pose no threat to anyone | Tetyana Obukhanych, Richard Enos | 2019-10-05 | https://www.michiganmedicine.org/health-lab/should-doctors-accept-unvaccinated-children-patients | "A completely unvaccinated child is unprotected against harmful and contagious diseases, such as measles, pertussis and chicken pox. Children who skip vaccines also pose a risk of transmitting diseases to other patients. This can be especially risky exposure for vulnerable populations, including infants too young to receive vaccines, elderly patients, patients with weakened immune systems or pregnant women." [...] Seventeen percent say a completely unvaccinated child shouldn't be allowed to use the waiting room, and 27% say unvaccinated children should wear masks in the waiting room to protect the most vulnerable patients. The remaining 28% of parents say the primary care office should allow unvaccinated children to continue getting care with no restrictions. [...] "Any parent – and particularly parents of infants or immunocompromised children – should ask their child's primary care provider about policies surrounding unvaccinated children." | 2019-08-19 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_527_ret_bn_g8 | sciencefeedback_527 | https://science.feedback.org/review/choosing-not-to-vaccinate-places-self-and-others-at-risk-of-potentially-serious-and-preventable-illnesses/ | Unvaccinated children pose no threat to anyone | Tetyana Obukhanych, Richard Enos | 2019-10-05 | https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2021/08/03/stop-harassing-unvaccinated/ | Second, the unvaccinated minority do not pose a serious threat to the rest of us. So far, 165 million U.S. adults have been fully vaccinated, and 70 percent have now have had at least one shot, which research shows is highly protective after just two weeks. This means 192 million in total now have vaccinated immunity. Breakthrough infections are still rare — NBC News reports that there have been about 125,000 cases in 38 states, which represents a rate of about 0.07 percent. And according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, as of Aug. 3, only 954 vaccinated Americans have died of covid-19, and only 4,641 have been hospitalized. Most of those are elderly, immunocompromised or have co-morbidities making the vaccines less effective. What about the risk to children, many of whom are ineligible to be vaccinated? Unvaccinated children are at similarly low risk for serious outcomes as vaccinated adults. CDC data show that just 406 people under 18 have died with a covid-19 diagnosis code in their record — and the CDC has no idea whether covid-19 was incidental or causal in their deaths. One study found zero mortality in children without preexisting conditions. Healthy children are not a serious risk — and healthy vaccinated adults (such as teachers) are at near-zero risk from them. What this means is that if you are an otherwise healthy vaccinated person, you are effectively bulletproof against serious illness. While we should encourage unvaccinated Americans to get immunized for their own sake, they pose no real danger to the rest of us. | 2021-08-03 | False | false | true | insufficient-supports |
sciencefeedback_529 | sciencefeedback_529 | https://science.feedback.org/review/sugar-isnt-inherently-cancer-causing-no-evidence-removing-sugar-from-diet-cures-cancer/ | Sugar causes cancer; eliminating sugar from the diet can cure cancer | Mark Hyman, Barbara O'Neill | 2023-05-05 | https://science.feedback.org/review/sugar-isnt-inherently-cancer-causing-no-evidence-removing-sugar-from-diet-cures-cancer/ | Cancer is the result of mutations that lead to uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation. The International Agency for Research on Cancer recognizes obesity as a cause of at least 13 different cancers. Obesity, defined as excessive fat accumulation that poses a health risk, is generally caused by eating more calories than one expends. People who consume a high-fat, high-sugar diet are thus prone to becoming obese, which could increase their risk of developing cancer. | 2023-05-05 | False | true | true | insufficient-neutral |
sciencefeedback_529_ret_b13_g3 | sciencefeedback_529 | https://science.feedback.org/review/sugar-isnt-inherently-cancer-causing-no-evidence-removing-sugar-from-diet-cures-cancer/ | Sugar causes cancer; eliminating sugar from the diet can cure cancer | Mark Hyman, Barbara O'Neill | 2023-05-05 | https://blog.dana-farber.org/insight/2015/05/does-sugar-cause-cancer/ | - There is an indirect link between sugar and cancer. Eating a lot of high sugar foods can contribute to excess caloric intake, which may lead to weight gain and excess body fat. [...] By Mae Reilly, MS, RD, LDN, senior clinical nutritionist at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute "Does sugar feed cancer?" is one of the most frequently asked questions we receive as oncology dietitians. Researchers continue to investigate the relationship between sugar intake and cancer; meanwhile, there are steps you can take to avoid any potential harm that sugar can cause. [...] To date, there are no randomized controlled trials showing sugar causes cancer. There is, however, an indirect link between sugar and cancer. | 2020-08-18 | False | false | true | insufficient-supports |
sciencefeedback_529_ret_b6_gn | sciencefeedback_529 | https://science.feedback.org/review/sugar-isnt-inherently-cancer-causing-no-evidence-removing-sugar-from-diet-cures-cancer/ | Sugar causes cancer; eliminating sugar from the diet can cure cancer | Mark Hyman, Barbara O'Neill | 2023-05-05 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36551528/ | Understanding the Link between Sugar and Cancer: An Examination of the Preclinical and Clinical Evidence - PMID: 36551528 - PMCID: PMC9775518 - DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246042 Understanding the Link between Sugar and Cancer: An Examination of the Preclinical and Clinical Evidence Per capita sugar consumption has increased in the United States to over 45 kg per year. The average person in the US currently consumes significantly more added sugar in their diet than the World Health Organization's, the American Cancer Society's, and the American Heart Association's recommendations for daily sugar consumption. Evidence from epidemiologic and preclinical studies demonstrates that excess sugar consumption can lead to development of cancer and progression of disease for those with cancer independent of the association between sugar and obesity. Human epidemiologic studies and mechanistic preclinical studies in multiple cancers support a causal link between excess sugar and cancer. Preclinical studies show that high-sucrose or high-fructose diets activate several mechanistic pathways, including inflammation, glucose, and lipid metabolic pathways. Although human studies are limited, compelling human and primate studies have explored the link between added sugar and metabolic syndrome (MetS), a risk factor for cancer. Substantial evidence suggests a causal link between MetS and added sugar, indicating important implications in the association between excess sugar consumption and cancer. | 2022-08-12 | False | false | true | insufficient-supports |
sciencefeedback_529_ret_bn_g0 | sciencefeedback_529 | https://science.feedback.org/review/sugar-isnt-inherently-cancer-causing-no-evidence-removing-sugar-from-diet-cures-cancer/ | Sugar causes cancer; eliminating sugar from the diet can cure cancer | Mark Hyman, Barbara O'Neill | 2023-05-05 | https://www.mskcc.org/news/no-sugar-no-cancer-look-evidence | There’s a lot of confusing and misleading information on the Internet about the relationship between sugar and cancer. The notion that refined sugar causes cancer or that cutting sugar from the diet is a good way to treat cancer are two common — and incorrect — claims that turn up in a Google search. [...] What, if any, is the link between sugar and cancer? [...] Explain why it’s hard to "starve" cancer of sugar just by changing your diet. | 2016-12-01 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_529_ret_bn_g8 | sciencefeedback_529 | https://science.feedback.org/review/sugar-isnt-inherently-cancer-causing-no-evidence-removing-sugar-from-diet-cures-cancer/ | Sugar causes cancer; eliminating sugar from the diet can cure cancer | Mark Hyman, Barbara O'Neill | 2023-05-05 | https://www.webmd.com/cancer/features/cancer-sugar-link | You might have heard that sugar causes cancer or makes it grow faster. In some ways, this may make sense. But the science on this isn't clear. It may not be that sugar directly causes cancer. [...] Other cancer experts say sugar itself can drive cancer. One such researcher is Lewis Cantley, PhD, director of the Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine in New York. [...] Even if you don’t think sugar can cause cancer, it’s wise to limit added sugar. Research says you should get no more than 6 teaspoons a day if you’re a woman and 9 if you’re a man. Yet on average, people in the U.S. get about 17 teaspoons of added sugar each day. That’s around 60 pounds of sugar each year. | 2023-07-10 | False | false | true | insufficient-contradictory |
sciencefeedback_53 | sciencefeedback_53 | https://science.feedback.org/review/human-induced-increases-in-greenhouse-gases-are-the-primary-driver-of-global-warming-contrary-to-claims-in-cfact-article/ | They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide. I hope my readers can recognize the absurdity of their claims. … increasing sunspots are linked to increases in earth temperature | Jay Lehr | 2020-04-15 | https://science.feedback.org/review/human-induced-increases-in-greenhouse-gases-are-the-primary-driver-of-global-warming-contrary-to-claims-in-cfact-article/ | The effects of CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions far outweigh the effects of solar forcing on global warming. 100% of the global warming trends observed after 1950 can be attributed to anthropogenic factors. | 2020-04-15 | False | true | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_53_ret_b0_gn | sciencefeedback_53 | https://science.feedback.org/review/human-induced-increases-in-greenhouse-gases-are-the-primary-driver-of-global-warming-contrary-to-claims-in-cfact-article/ | They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide. I hope my readers can recognize the absurdity of their claims. … increasing sunspots are linked to increases in earth temperature | Jay Lehr | 2020-04-15 | https://climatefeedback.org/claimreview/human-induced-increases-in-greenhouse-gases-are-the-primary-driver-of-global-warming-contrary-to-claims-in-cfact-article/ | The claim appeared in an article published by CFACT in April 2020. This claim directly contradicts ample scientific evidence showing that human-caused increases in greenhouse gas emissions, such as CO2, have been the primary driver of global warming[1,2]. [...] Specifically, the article claims that "increasing sunspots are linked to increases in earth temperature," however, this claim is not supported by scientific evidence. Li et al (2017) analyzed the relationship between the number of sunspots and global warming and found that "solar activity is not a representation of the driving force of the upward trend of global temperature after the industrial age. The Granger causality test results demonstrate that the phenomenon of global warming is caused by excessive CO2 emissions."[5]. Figure—The monthly average number of sunspots (left) and global surface temperature time series from the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (right). Although sunspot number varies in approximately 11 year cycles, global temperature has steadily increased since 1950. | 2020-04-15 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_53_ret_bn_g14 | sciencefeedback_53 | https://science.feedback.org/review/human-induced-increases-in-greenhouse-gases-are-the-primary-driver-of-global-warming-contrary-to-claims-in-cfact-article/ | They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide. I hope my readers can recognize the absurdity of their claims. … increasing sunspots are linked to increases in earth temperature | Jay Lehr | 2020-04-15 | https://scholarsandrogues.com/2007/07/23/anti-global-heating-claims-a-reasonably-thorough-debunking/ | The Earth is heating up, and human beings burning fossil fuels are the dominant cause. It’s not ocean warming that dominates, it’s not cosmic rays, it’s not variations in the Earth’s orbit and tilt toward the sun (Milankovitch cycles), it’s not solar irradiance – it’s us. But there is a very vocal minority that refuses to accept that global heating is real. [...] First, there is a correlation between sunspots and solar irradiance (output) on the Earth. During this period, sunspots were less common and there was less solar energy reaching the Earth, allowing it to cool slightly. Second, there were several volcanic eruptions that released massive amounts of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere. Sulfur dioxide is an aerosol that forms droplets of sulphuric acid in the high atmosphere and reflects solar energy back into space, so these two volcanic eruptions had some short- to medium-term effects. In addition, prior to the 1970s there were limited pollution controls, allowing pollutant aerosols to act as coolants via reflection of solar radiation. Ultimately, though, it is believed that sometime after 1970 the concentration of CO2 rose to the point that solar forcing was no longer the dominant climate factor, anthropogenic CO2 was. (Sources: Do Models Underestimate the Solar Contribution to Recent Climate Change?, Swindled!) | 2007-07-23 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_53_ret_bn_g17 | sciencefeedback_53 | https://science.feedback.org/review/human-induced-increases-in-greenhouse-gases-are-the-primary-driver-of-global-warming-contrary-to-claims-in-cfact-article/ | They tell us that we are the primary forces controlling earth temperatures by the burning of fossil fuels and releasing their carbon dioxide. I hope my readers can recognize the absurdity of their claims. … increasing sunspots are linked to increases in earth temperature | Jay Lehr | 2020-04-15 | https://mediabiasfactcheck.com/committee-constructive-tomorrow-cfact-org/ | In 2016, CFACT published the Climate Truth File, essentially a manifesto attempting to refute human-influenced global warming. Here are some of their main points: [...] I hope my readers can recognize the absurdity of their claims. … increasing sunspots are linked to increases in earth temperature" – Inaccurate - Antarctic sea-ice extent is increasing to record levels. Antarctica is getting colder; its sea ice and ice cap are not melting. – Inaccurate | 2024-02-10 | False | false | true | insufficient-refutes |
sciencefeedback_530 | sciencefeedback_530 | https://science.feedback.org/review/ian-plimer-wrongly-claims-that-carbon-dioxide-emissions-do-not-cause-climate-change/ | there is no relationship between temperature and carbon dioxide emissions by humans[...] carbon dioxide has had a minuscule effect on global climate | Ian Plimer | 2018-08-07 | https://science.feedback.org/review/ian-plimer-wrongly-claims-that-carbon-dioxide-emissions-do-not-cause-climate-change/ | While CO2 constitutes a small percentage of the gases in the atmosphere, it is a critically important "knob" controlling Earth's climate. When the concentration of CO2 increases, more outgoing heat energy is absorbed, raising surface temperatures. | 2018-08-07 | False | true | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_530_ret_b10_gn | sciencefeedback_530 | https://science.feedback.org/review/ian-plimer-wrongly-claims-that-carbon-dioxide-emissions-do-not-cause-climate-change/ | there is no relationship between temperature and carbon dioxide emissions by humans[...] carbon dioxide has had a minuscule effect on global climate | Ian Plimer | 2018-08-07 | https://www.nature.com/articles/nature08047 | The global temperature response to increasing atmospheric CO2 is often quantified by metrics such as equilibrium climate sensitivity and transient climate response1. These approaches, however, do not account for carbon cycle feedbacks and therefore do not fully represent the net response of the Earth system to anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Climate–carbon modelling experiments have shown that: (1) the warming per unit CO2 emitted does not depend on the background CO2 concentration2; (2) the total allowable emissions for climate stabilization do not depend on the timing of those emissions3,4,5; and (3) the temperature response to a pulse of CO2 is approximately constant on timescales of decades to centuries3,6,7,8. Here we generalize these results and show that the carbon–climate response (CCR), defined as the ratio of temperature change to cumulative carbon emissions, is approximately independent of both the atmospheric CO2 concentration and its rate of change on these timescales. From observational constraints, we estimate CCR to be in the range 1.0–2.1 °C per trillion tonnes of carbon (Tt C) emitted (5th to 95th percentiles), consistent with twenty-first-century CCR values simulated by climate–carbon models. Uncertainty in land-use CO2 emissions and aerosol forcing, however, means that higher observationally constrained values cannot be excluded. | 2009-06-09 | False | false | true | insufficient-neutral |
sciencefeedback_530_ret_b15_gn | sciencefeedback_530 | https://science.feedback.org/review/ian-plimer-wrongly-claims-that-carbon-dioxide-emissions-do-not-cause-climate-change/ | there is no relationship between temperature and carbon dioxide emissions by humans[...] carbon dioxide has had a minuscule effect on global climate | Ian Plimer | 2018-08-07 | https://theconversation.com/co-levels-and-climate-change-is-there-really-a-controversy-119268 | The relationship between atmospheric CO2 levels and climate change is often perceived as a controversial subject. While there’s no real disagreement among climate scientists – around 90% fully agree that human activity is clearly responsible for climate change – in the United States in 2016, barely 50% of the general public came to the same conclusion. Adding to the general confusion, highly active "climate-change deniers" claim that temperature has evolved independently of CO2 atmospheric concentrations through Earth’s history, and that therefore today’s rising CO2 levels are not an issue. [...] Using rocks, fossils and their chemical and physical properties, geoscientists have reconstructed warm and cold periods throughout Earth’s history. To demonstrate the link between climate, temperature and pCO2 millions of years ago, we need to reconstruct each of them independently. To do so, we use climatic recorders called "proxies". [...] On long time scales, when pCO2 increases, warming stimulates the carbon pumps, thereby helping pCO2 to decrease. This negative feedback can act as a geological thermostat. Unfortunately, it is too slow to react rapidly enough to compensate for our fast emissions. On the timescale of a decade, warming aggravates CO2 release to the atmosphere. When temperature increases, oceans warm up and release dissolved CO2 to the atmosphere. For 2.6 million years, glacial and interglacial cycles have been forced by Earth’s orbital fluctuations and CO2 was only an internal positive feedback. Today, anthropogenic CO2 leads and amplifies the ongoing warming. | 2019-07-02 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_530_ret_bn_g13 | sciencefeedback_530 | https://science.feedback.org/review/ian-plimer-wrongly-claims-that-carbon-dioxide-emissions-do-not-cause-climate-change/ | there is no relationship between temperature and carbon dioxide emissions by humans[...] carbon dioxide has had a minuscule effect on global climate | Ian Plimer | 2018-08-07 | https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/transcripts/27gwwarming.html | NARRATOR: Only in the last few decades do rising global temperatures seem to coincide with the greenhouse gases we put into the atmosphere. [...] CO2 is minuscule, but through an accident of physics - the greenhouse effect -its consequences are significant. [...] FRED SINGER, George Mason University: I have no doubt that an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere should lead to some increase in global temperatures. The question is, how much? And how can we be sure that any temperature increase that we do find in the record is, in fact, due to this additional carbon dioxide? Since we know that the climate also changes naturally - it warms, it cools - how can you distinguish a warming produced by an increase in carbon dioxide from a warming produced by some other cause, let's say by the sun? | 2006-01-01 | False | false | true | insufficient-refutes |
sciencefeedback_530_ret_bn_g4 | sciencefeedback_530 | https://science.feedback.org/review/ian-plimer-wrongly-claims-that-carbon-dioxide-emissions-do-not-cause-climate-change/ | there is no relationship between temperature and carbon dioxide emissions by humans[...] carbon dioxide has had a minuscule effect on global climate | Ian Plimer | 2018-08-07 | https://science.feedback.org/review/ian-plimer-wrongly-claims-that-carbon-dioxide-emissions-do-not-cause-climate-change/ | Inaccurate: There is, in fact, a clear relationship between temperature and human-caused emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases. [...] They do. Since 1970 the correlation is extremely strong: almost 90% of all temperature change correlates with human emissions. About 0.2% correlates with solar activity, and even that is nonsense because temperatures went up while we measured the Sun getting cooler. [...] It is true that water vapour is a main greenhouse gas, but the amount of water vapour is also tightly related to temperatures (and should therefore be seen as an enhancing feedback, not a driver). That is, higher CO2 will increase temperatures, which will increase water vapour, which will increase temperatures… To write that "carbon dioxide has had a minuscule effect on global climate" is of course utter nonsense—see other comments. | 2018-08-11 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_532 | sciencefeedback_532 | https://science.feedback.org/review/peter-mccullough-inaccurate-misleading-claims-covid19-vaccines-event-european-political-party/ | COVID-19 vaccine mRNA cannot be broken down; COVID-19 vaccines cause excess death and unprecedented blood clots | Peter McCullough | 2023-09-17 | https://science.feedback.org/review/peter-mccullough-inaccurate-misleading-claims-covid19-vaccines-event-european-political-party/ | While COVID-19 mRNA vaccines are associated with a slightly higher risk of myocarditis in young men, the risk of heart problems in general is higher in people who get COVID-19. Moreover, COVID-19 is associated with a host of health problems, of which heart problems are just one. Vaccination reduces the risk of infection and severe disease. As such, the vaccines’ benefit outweighs their risk. | 2023-09-17 | False | true | true | insufficient-neutral |
sciencefeedback_532_ret_b3_gn | sciencefeedback_532 | https://science.feedback.org/review/peter-mccullough-inaccurate-misleading-claims-covid19-vaccines-event-european-political-party/ | COVID-19 vaccine mRNA cannot be broken down; COVID-19 vaccines cause excess death and unprecedented blood clots | Peter McCullough | 2023-09-17 | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00998-w | COVID vaccines and blood clots: five key questions [...] It has been a difficult week for two COVID-19 vaccines. On 13 April, US regulators urged health-care providers to temporarily stop using a vaccine made by Johnson & Johnson (J&J) of New Brunswick, New Jersey, because of six suspected cases of unusual blood clotting among nearly seven million vaccine recipients. [...] How could a COVID vaccine cause blood clots? Scientists race to investigate | 2021-04-16 | False | false | true | insufficient-refutes |
sciencefeedback_532_ret_b5_gn | sciencefeedback_532 | https://science.feedback.org/review/peter-mccullough-inaccurate-misleading-claims-covid19-vaccines-event-european-political-party/ | COVID-19 vaccine mRNA cannot be broken down; COVID-19 vaccines cause excess death and unprecedented blood clots | Peter McCullough | 2023-09-17 | https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/why-would-a-covid-vaccine-cause-rare-blood-clots-researchers-have-found-clues | By — Matthew Herper, STAT News Matthew Herper, STAT News Leave a comment 0comments Share Copy URL https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/why-would-a-covid-vaccine-cause-rare-blood-clots-researchers-have-found-clues Email Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Pinterest Tumblr Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Why would a COVID vaccine cause rare blood clots? Researchers have found clues Health Apr 14, 2021 6:22 PM EDT A week after receiving the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, a 37-year-old woman in Norway went to the emergency department with fever and persistent headaches. A CAT scan of her head showed a blood clot in blood vessels involved in draining the brain, but her levels of platelets, involved in clotting, were low. She was treated with platelet infusions and a blood thinner, but had a bleed in her brain the next day. She underwent surgery to relieve the pressure on her brain but died two days later. This is the side effect, known as cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, that has caused a week of worries around the COVID-19 vaccine developed by AstraZeneca. | 2021-04-14 | False | false | true | insufficient-neutral |
sciencefeedback_532_ret_bn_g2 | sciencefeedback_532 | https://science.feedback.org/review/peter-mccullough-inaccurate-misleading-claims-covid19-vaccines-event-european-political-party/ | COVID-19 vaccine mRNA cannot be broken down; COVID-19 vaccines cause excess death and unprecedented blood clots | Peter McCullough | 2023-09-17 | https://www.bangkokhearthospital.com/en/content/thrombosis-side-effects-of-the-covid-19-vaccine-true-or-not | As reported globally and domestically, COVID-19 vaccines can produce serious side effects related to blood clots in the body which urges the temporary discontinuation of certain vaccines in some countries. Up to the present, blood clots in the veins associated with vaccines have been reported in different parts of the body, such as the brain, thigh and lower leg. In rare cases, blood clots can systemically travel to the vessel in the lung, causing blood clots in the lung (pulmonary embolism.) The cause of unusual blood clots or thrombosis chiefly involves the activation of immune system that acts against the platelets, resulting in low levels of platelets in the blood and leading to undesired blood clot formation in the body. This is, as already published on The New England Journal of Medicine, not a new adverse reaction caused by COVID-19 vaccines. (https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMe2106315?query=TOC) In fact, it is also a possible complication during the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, blood clots associated with COVDI-19 vaccines rarely happen, only 50-60 cases reported among 50-60 million administered doses. | 2024-04-08 | False | false | true | insufficient-contradictory |
sciencefeedback_537 | sciencefeedback_537 | https://science.feedback.org/review/heartland-institute-reports-claim-climate-models-sensitive-co2-not-reflect-evidence/ | [climate models] systematically over-estimate the sensitivity of climate to carbon dioxide ... and modelers exclude forcings and feedbacks that run counter to their mission | Craig Idso, Robert Carter, S. Fred Singer | 2017-05-23 | https://science.feedback.org/review/heartland-institute-reports-claim-climate-models-sensitive-co2-not-reflect-evidence/ | Climate models are based on physical processes and our understanding of how the climate system works. Their sensitivity to CO2 is in line with estimates based on modern observations and records of past climate changes. | 2017-05-23 | False | true | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_537_ret_bn_g2 | sciencefeedback_537 | https://science.feedback.org/review/heartland-institute-reports-claim-climate-models-sensitive-co2-not-reflect-evidence/ | [climate models] systematically over-estimate the sensitivity of climate to carbon dioxide ... and modelers exclude forcings and feedbacks that run counter to their mission | Craig Idso, Robert Carter, S. Fred Singer | 2017-05-23 | https://mediabiasfactcheck.com/heartland-institute/ | Failed Fact Checks - Work requirements "have been proven to help impoverished families move from dependency to self-sufficiency." – MOSTLY FALSE - "Model outputs published in successive IPCC reports since 1990 project a doubling of CO2 could cause warming of up to 6°C by 2100. Instead, global warming ceased around the end of the twentieth century and was followed (since 1997) by 19 years of stable temperature. Earth has not warmed significantly for the past 18 years despite an 8 percent increase in atmospheric CO2." – INACCURATE - "[climate models] systematically over-estimate the sensitivity of climate to carbon dioxide … and modelers exclude forcings and feedbacks that run counter to their mission." – INCORRECT - "Solar forcings are not too small to explain twentieth century warming. In fact, their effect could be equal to or greater than the effect of CO2 in the atmosphere." – INCORRECT - "Forward projections of solar cyclicity imply the next few decades may be marked by global cooling rather than warming, despite continuing CO2emissions." – INCORRECT - Wildfires were worse in the early part of the 1900s than they are today – Mostly False - "NOAA makes it official. | 2023-11-20 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_537_ret_bn_g5 | sciencefeedback_537 | https://science.feedback.org/review/heartland-institute-reports-claim-climate-models-sensitive-co2-not-reflect-evidence/ | [climate models] systematically over-estimate the sensitivity of climate to carbon dioxide ... and modelers exclude forcings and feedbacks that run counter to their mission | Craig Idso, Robert Carter, S. Fred Singer | 2017-05-23 | https://climatefeedback.org/key-findings-heartlands-scientists-disagree-global-warming/ | GCMs systematically over-estimate the sensitivity of climate to carbon dioxide (CO2), many known forcings and feedbacks are poorly modeled, and modelers exclude forcings and feedbacks that run counter to their mission to find a human influence on climate. Doubling the concentration of atmospheric CO2 from its pre-industrial level, in the absence of other forcings and feedbacks, would likely cause a warming of ~0.3°C to 1.1°C, almost 50 percent of which must already have occurred. | 2017-04-28 | False | false | true | insufficient-neutral |
sciencefeedback_537_ret_bn_g6 | sciencefeedback_537 | https://science.feedback.org/review/heartland-institute-reports-claim-climate-models-sensitive-co2-not-reflect-evidence/ | [climate models] systematically over-estimate the sensitivity of climate to carbon dioxide ... and modelers exclude forcings and feedbacks that run counter to their mission | Craig Idso, Robert Carter, S. Fred Singer | 2017-05-23 | https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/18/2/jcli-3243.1.xml | In a more systematic evaluation of the sensitivity of a model to cloud parameterization, Mitchell et al. (1987) and later Senior and Mitchell (1993) examined the response of a GCM model to a doubling of CO2 when different versions of a cloud parameterization were employed in the same model. The results of their studies are summarized in Fig. 13 showing a sequence of global warming predictions as different feedbacks are systematically introduced. The first estimate corresponds to the warming in the absence of feedback, the next with water vapor feedback added, the third with snow/ice albedo feedbacks added to water vapor feedback and finally the case when cloud feedback is added. Senior and Mitchell (1993) found that the presence and absence of microphysical and optical thickness feedbacks, which were permitted in different versions of the parameterizations, produce a range in warming between 1.9° and 5.4°C. Yao and Del Genio (2002) also reported that the 2 × CO2 sensitivity of the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) GCM was similarly dependent on the details of the moist convection and large-scale cloud parameterizations. [...] The sensitivity of coupled ocean–atmospheric models to cloud feedbacks differs from the sensitivity of models with fixed SSTs (e.g., Ma et al. 1994; Williams et al. 2003; and also acknowledged in Cess and Potter 1988). CMIP (Meehl et al. 2000), under the auspices of the World Climate Research Program (WCRP) Working Group on Coupled Models (WGCM) was created specifically to examine and compare coupled models forced by 1% yr−1 increases in CO2. | 2005-01-15 | False | false | true | insufficient-neutral |
sciencefeedback_540 | sciencefeedback_540 | https://science.feedback.org/review/andrew-tate-peddles-debunked-claim-covid-19-vaccines-experimental-poison-piers-morgan-interview/ | COVID-19 vaccines are “experimental poison”; COVID has gone away | Andrew Tate | 2023-12-14 | https://science.feedback.org/review/andrew-tate-peddles-debunked-claim-covid-19-vaccines-experimental-poison-piers-morgan-interview/ | COVID-19 cases have shown a tendency to peak during the winter. COVID-19 vaccines were initially highly effective against both infection and severe disease. The emergence of more infectious viral variants greatly diminished the vaccines’ effectiveness against infection, but the vaccines remain highly effective at protecting people from developing severe disease and death, which is their main purpose. | 2023-12-14 | False | true | true | insufficient-refutes |
sciencefeedback_540_ret_b0_gn | sciencefeedback_540 | https://science.feedback.org/review/andrew-tate-peddles-debunked-claim-covid-19-vaccines-experimental-poison-piers-morgan-interview/ | COVID-19 vaccines are “experimental poison”; COVID has gone away | Andrew Tate | 2023-12-14 | https://www.factcheck.org/2024/02/study-largely-confirms-known-rare-covid-19-vaccine-side-effects/ | COVID-19 vaccines — like all vaccines and other medical products — come with side effects, including serious side effects in rare cases. The vaccines were rolled out to protect people from a novel virus that has killed millions of people globally and would likely have killed millions more without the arrival of the vaccines. There is a broad consensus from experts and governmental health agencies that the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination outweigh the risks. [...] "What we take away, is that the Covid-19 vaccination campaigns have been very effective in preventing severe disease," study co-author Anders Hviid, head of the department of epidemiology research at the Statens Serum Institut in Denmark, told us in an email. "The few serious side effects that we have observed in this and other studies have been rare." [...] "Hundreds of millions of people were used as lab rats and now the truth that WE ALL ALREADY KNEW can no longer be denied," said one popular post, referring to the vaccines as "experimental" and "UNTESTED." The post shared a screenshot of the headline of a New York Post article about the new study, which read, "COVID vaccines linked to slight increases in heart, brain, blood disorders: study." | 2024-02-29 | False | false | true | insufficient-contradictory |
sciencefeedback_540_ret_b7_gn | sciencefeedback_540 | https://science.feedback.org/review/andrew-tate-peddles-debunked-claim-covid-19-vaccines-experimental-poison-piers-morgan-interview/ | COVID-19 vaccines are “experimental poison”; COVID has gone away | Andrew Tate | 2023-12-14 | https://fullfact.org/health/covid-vaccines-not-poison/ | The Covid-19 vaccines are poisons, which commonly produce serious health problems. [...] A Facebook post shared hundreds of times falsely claims that the Covid-19 vaccines are all poisonous. [...] This article is part of our work fact checking potentially false pictures, videos and stories on Facebook. You can read more about this—and find out how to report Facebook content—here. For the purposes of that scheme, we’ve rated this claim as false because Covid vaccines are not poisons, and they do not commonly cause serious health problems. | 2023-11-01 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_540_ret_bn_g10 | sciencefeedback_540 | https://science.feedback.org/review/andrew-tate-peddles-debunked-claim-covid-19-vaccines-experimental-poison-piers-morgan-interview/ | COVID-19 vaccines are “experimental poison”; COVID has gone away | Andrew Tate | 2023-12-14 | https://doh.wa.gov/emergencies/covid-19/health-care-providers/vaccine-administration | - Medical assistants-certified (MA-Cs) and medication assistants are prohibited from administering experimental drugs. Are COVID-19 vaccines experimental drugs? MA-Cs and medication assistants can administer COVID-19 vaccines. Any COVID-19 vaccine issued under an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) or fully approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is not an experimental drug within the meaning of the laws prohibiting MA-Cs and medication assistants from administering experimental drugs. See the Providers Authorized to Administer and Order Vaccines (PDF) chart for other health care professions that are authorized to administer COVID-19 vaccines. | 2021-12-07 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_540_ret_bn_g13 | sciencefeedback_540 | https://science.feedback.org/review/andrew-tate-peddles-debunked-claim-covid-19-vaccines-experimental-poison-piers-morgan-interview/ | COVID-19 vaccines are “experimental poison”; COVID has gone away | Andrew Tate | 2023-12-14 | https://science.feedback.org/review/andrew-tate-peddles-debunked-claim-covid-19-vaccines-experimental-poison-piers-morgan-interview/ | Andrew Tate peddles debunked claim about COVID-19 vaccines being "experimental poison" in Piers Morgan interview [...] Factually inaccurate: COVID-19 vaccines aren’t experimental, as they completed multiple phases of clinical trials that established their safety and effectiveness. They also don’t contain ingredients that are toxic. Contrary to Tate’s implication, COVID-19 isn’t "gone". The disease is still around and several countries are experiencing a rise in cases and hospitalization in the winter of 2023. [...] The COVID-19 vaccines aren’t "poison". Product information sheets listing the ingredients of various COVID-19 vaccines can be found here. None of the ingredients are present in dangerous amounts. | 2023-12-14 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_544 | sciencefeedback_544 | https://science.feedback.org/review/there-are-clear-evidence-for-climate-change-contrary-to-claims-by-john-coleman/ | Climate change is not happening, there is no significant man-made global warming now, there hasn't been any in the past, and there's no reason to expect any in the future. | John Coleman | 2019-04-30 | https://science.feedback.org/review/there-are-clear-evidence-for-climate-change-contrary-to-claims-by-john-coleman/ | Coleman's central claim in this video—that there is no human-caused climate change—is contradicted by a wealth of evidence and decades of published, peer-reviewed, scientific research. There is no evidence to support his claim. | 2019-04-30 | False | true | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_544_ret_b0_gn | sciencefeedback_544 | https://science.feedback.org/review/there-are-clear-evidence-for-climate-change-contrary-to-claims-by-john-coleman/ | Climate change is not happening, there is no significant man-made global warming now, there hasn't been any in the past, and there's no reason to expect any in the future. | John Coleman | 2019-04-30 | https://apnews.com/article/fact-check-john-coleman-climate-change-176441300111 | CLAIM: Climate change is not happening, nor are humans causing significant global warming. There is also no scientific consensus that climate change is occurring. AP’S ASSESSMENT: False. The scientific consensus is that climate change is real and that greenhouse gas emissions caused by human activity are driving climate change, as The Associated Press has previously reported. The false claims stem from a years-old CNN interview with John Coleman, the now deceased co-founder of The Weather Channel. At the time, he had not worked at the network in three decades, and The Weather Channel rejected his claims in the same CNN segment. [...] Coleman’s claims are false. As the AP has previously reported, overwhelming scientific evidence shows global warming and climate change are real and caused by human activity, including human-caused carbon dioxide emissions. | 2022-07-25 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_544_ret_bn_g0 | sciencefeedback_544 | https://science.feedback.org/review/there-are-clear-evidence-for-climate-change-contrary-to-claims-by-john-coleman/ | Climate change is not happening, there is no significant man-made global warming now, there hasn't been any in the past, and there's no reason to expect any in the future. | John Coleman | 2019-04-30 | https://www.wwf.org.uk/updates/here-are-10-myths-about-climate-change | So, when people talk about climate change today, they mean anthropogenic (human-made) climate change. This is the warming of Earth’s average temperature as a result of human activity, such as burning coal, oil and gas to produce energy to fuel our homes and transport, and cutting down trees to produce the food we eat. You can read more about it here: How do we know climate change is real? [...] Human-induced climate change is something that has been happening for many years and Western countries, like the UK, have played a big role in contributing to carbon emissions over the past 200 years. This means that only looking at who the biggest emitters of greenhouse gases are today is an oversimplification of a very nuanced topic. [...] We’re already seeing the devastating effects of climate change on global food supplies, migration, conflict, disease and global instability, which will only get worse if we don’t act now. Human-made climate change is the biggest crisis of our time. It threatens the future of the planet that we depend on for our survival and we're the last generation that can do something about it. | 2017-02-17 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_544_ret_bn_g13 | sciencefeedback_544 | https://science.feedback.org/review/there-are-clear-evidence-for-climate-change-contrary-to-claims-by-john-coleman/ | Climate change is not happening, there is no significant man-made global warming now, there hasn't been any in the past, and there's no reason to expect any in the future. | John Coleman | 2019-04-30 | https://science.nasa.gov/climate-change/faq/is-it-too-late-to-prevent-climate-change/ | Humans have caused major climate changes to happen already, and we have set in motion more changes still. However, if we stopped emitting greenhouse gases today, the rise in global temperatures would begin to flatten within a few years. Temperatures would then plateau but remain well-elevated for many, many centuries. There is a time lag between what we do and when we feel it, but that lag is less than a decade. While the effects of human activities on Earth's climate to date are irreversible on the timescale of humans alive today, every little bit of avoided future temperature increases results in less warming that would otherwise persist for essentially forever. The benefits of reduced greenhouse gas emissions occur on the same timescale as the political decisions that lead to those reductions. Without major action to reduce emissions, global temperature is on track to rise by 2.5°C to 4.5°C (4.5°F to 8°F) by 2100, according to the latest estimates. | 2014-09-18 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_544_ret_bn_g3 | sciencefeedback_544 | https://science.feedback.org/review/there-are-clear-evidence-for-climate-change-contrary-to-claims-by-john-coleman/ | Climate change is not happening, there is no significant man-made global warming now, there hasn't been any in the past, and there's no reason to expect any in the future. | John Coleman | 2019-04-30 | https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2023/01/13/fact-check-false-claim-weather-channel-debunks-climate-change/11034742002/ | Fact check: False claim video shows The Weather Channel debunk climate change [...] "There's no question about it: Climate change is not happening," Coleman asserts. "The Weather Channel debunks 'climate change,'" reads on-screen text featured in the video. | 2023-01-13 | False | false | true | insufficient-refutes |
sciencefeedback_545 | sciencefeedback_545 | https://science.feedback.org/review/financial-analyst-david-martin-misrepresents-studies-patent-applications-promote-baseless-claim-sars-cov-2-developed-bioweapon/ | “SARS is the research developed by humans, weaponizing a life system model to actually attack human beings” | David Martin | 2023-07-06 | https://science.feedback.org/review/financial-analyst-david-martin-misrepresents-studies-patent-applications-promote-baseless-claim-sars-cov-2-developed-bioweapon/ | At the moment, investigations are still underway to determine where SARS-CoV-2 originated and how it came to infect humans. Both the natural and lab leak hypotheses rely on circumstantial evidence that can’t prove nor disprove either theory. However, no credible evidence indicates that the virus was engineered. Based on prior disease outbreaks, the most likely hypothesis is that SARS-CoV-2 arose naturally and that zoonotic infections were the reason for the spread of the virus in humans. | 2023-07-06 | False | true | true | insufficient-refutes |
sciencefeedback_545_ret_b12_gn | sciencefeedback_545 | https://science.feedback.org/review/financial-analyst-david-martin-misrepresents-studies-patent-applications-promote-baseless-claim-sars-cov-2-developed-bioweapon/ | “SARS is the research developed by humans, weaponizing a life system model to actually attack human beings” | David Martin | 2023-07-06 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33711082/ | A novel cell culture system modeling the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle - PMID: 33711082 - PMCID: PMC7990224 - DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009439 A novel cell culture system modeling the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle | 2021-12-03 | False | false | true | insufficient-neutral |
sciencefeedback_545_ret_b3_gn | sciencefeedback_545 | https://science.feedback.org/review/financial-analyst-david-martin-misrepresents-studies-patent-applications-promote-baseless-claim-sars-cov-2-developed-bioweapon/ | “SARS is the research developed by humans, weaponizing a life system model to actually attack human beings” | David Martin | 2023-07-06 | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-10097-z | Similar content being viewed by others [...] Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia [...] Computational Bioscience Research Centre (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia | 2022-04-19 | False | false | false | not_applicable |
sciencefeedback_545_ret_b8_gn | sciencefeedback_545 | https://science.feedback.org/review/financial-analyst-david-martin-misrepresents-studies-patent-applications-promote-baseless-claim-sars-cov-2-developed-bioweapon/ | “SARS is the research developed by humans, weaponizing a life system model to actually attack human beings” | David Martin | 2023-07-06 | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41579-020-00468-6 | Table 1 Opportunities and limitations of current SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 model systems [...] Work in the authors laboratory was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF grants #173085, 196644, 182880) and the Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany (BMBF; grant RAPID, #01KI1723A). [...] Ram Lal Swagat Shrestha | 2020-10-28 | False | false | true | insufficient-neutral |
sciencefeedback_545_ret_bn_g4 | sciencefeedback_545 | https://science.feedback.org/review/financial-analyst-david-martin-misrepresents-studies-patent-applications-promote-baseless-claim-sars-cov-2-developed-bioweapon/ | “SARS is the research developed by humans, weaponizing a life system model to actually attack human beings” | David Martin | 2023-07-06 | https://www.factcheck.org/2023/06/video-distorts-early-coronavirus-research-to-promote-baseless-bioweapon-conspiracy-theory/ | "Are you suggesting that SARS … might have come from a laboratory in the University of North Carolina Chapel Hill? No, I’m not suggesting it. I’m telling you that’s the facts — we engineered SARS," he said. "SARS is not a naturally occurring phenomenon. The naturally occurring phenomenon is called the common cold … SARS is the research developed by humans weaponizing a life system model to actually attack human beings." [...] "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)." CDC. 6 Dec 2017. | 2023-08-02 | False | false | true | supports |
sciencefeedback_55 | sciencefeedback_55 | https://science.feedback.org/review/colloidal-silver-does-not-treat-infections-when-taken-orally-and-can-cause-side-effects/ | Colloidal silver is effective for any infection | Anonymous | 2020-01-23 | https://science.feedback.org/review/colloidal-silver-does-not-treat-infections-when-taken-orally-and-can-cause-side-effects/ | Silver has demonstrated broad antimicrobial activity in topical applications on wounds and burns. However, no scientific studies indicate that ingestion or nasal spray of colloidal silver treats infection inside the body or supports the immune system. Long-term use of colloidal silver can result in argyria, a blue-gray discoloration of the skin, and can interfere with the action of other medicines. | 2020-01-23 | False | true | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_55_ret_bn_g15 | sciencefeedback_55 | https://science.feedback.org/review/colloidal-silver-does-not-treat-infections-when-taken-orally-and-can-cause-side-effects/ | Colloidal silver is effective for any infection | Anonymous | 2020-01-23 | https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/blue-ridge-silver-566247-02052019 | Under the "News" tab of your website, your article titled "Using Colloidal Silver for Kidney Infections": - "Colloidal Silver just might be the next germ-fighting wonder drug. And not just for the serious threats making headlines. It’s also effective against bacterial infections like strep throat, viruses like the flu, and fungal infections like Candida." [...] - ". . . I just used colloidal silver for a kidney infection for three days . . . and my fever is gone . . .. I have a kidney disease that harbors infection in my kidneys continuously, and through the years, I have become resistant to a lot of the heavy antibiotics . . ." | 2019-11-02 | False | false | true | insufficient-supports |
sciencefeedback_55_ret_bn_g5 | sciencefeedback_55 | https://science.feedback.org/review/colloidal-silver-does-not-treat-infections-when-taken-orally-and-can-cause-side-effects/ | Colloidal silver is effective for any infection | Anonymous | 2020-01-23 | https://science.feedback.org/review/colloidal-silver-does-not-treat-infections-when-taken-orally-and-can-cause-side-effects/ | Colloidal silver does not treat infections when taken orally and can cause side effects [...] This claim was published in a Jan. 2020 blog post promoting the sale of colloidal silver products. The post went viral on Facebook in the same month, receiving more than 11,000 interactions on the platform within a week of publication. The article claims that colloidal silver effectively fights against any bacterial, fungal, or viral infection, calling it "a modern and fabulously effective treatment with virtually no side effects". [...] However, effective applications of silver as a medicine have been limited to topical treatments (such as application of a cream containing silver directly to a wound). There is no evidence that consuming or nasally spraying colloidal silver treats "any infection", as the claim states, or "supports the immune system". According to the U.S. National Institutes of Health, consuming colloidal silver or using it as a nasal spray can even cause health problems such as argyria, which is an irreversible blue-gray skin discoloration[9]. A 2018 review estimated that 70 – 1500 mg silver/kg body weight could induce argyria[10]. Colloidal silver can also interfere with the action of other drugs, such as thyroxine which is used to treat thyroid deficiency. | 2020-01-23 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_55_ret_bn_g9 | sciencefeedback_55 | https://science.feedback.org/review/colloidal-silver-does-not-treat-infections-when-taken-orally-and-can-cause-side-effects/ | Colloidal silver is effective for any infection | Anonymous | 2020-01-23 | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00720/full | To date, numerous topical agents have been tested and although some have shown anti-biofilm activity (Chiu et al., 2008; Le et al., 2008; Alandejani et al., 2009; Jardeleza et al., 2011; Jervis-Bardy et al., 2012; Paramasivan et al., 2014; Richter et al., 2016, 2017a,b), none have been widely accepted as a treatment option in recalcitrant CRS. Recent evidence suggests that colloidal silver (CS) may be effective against bacterial biofilms. We have previously shown that CS showed significant anti-biofilm activity in vitro and in vivo against S. aureus (Goggin et al., 2014; Rajiv et al., 2015), and against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and P. aeruginosa biofilms. Spherical nanoparticles were also shown to be non-toxic in human cell culture (THP-1, Nuli-1) (Richter et al., 2017c) and safe in a sheep sinusitis model (Rajiv et al., 2015). Moreover, they were physically stable for over 6 months in storage with no observed loss in anti-biofilm activity (Richter et al., 2017c). [...] Richter, K., Facal, P., Thomas, N., Vandecandelaere, I., Ramezanpour, M., Cooksley, C., et al. (2017c). Taking the silver bullet colloidal silver particles for the topical treatment of biofilm-related infections. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 9, 21631–21638. doi: 10.1021/acsami.7b03672 | 2018-04-11 | False | false | true | insufficient-refutes |
sciencefeedback_6 | sciencefeedback_6 | https://science.feedback.org/review/calcium-essential-component-bones-helps-prevent-osteoporosis-contrary-claim-barbara-oneill/ | Bones “are not made of calcium”; wild yam is a treatment for osteoporosis | Barbara O’Neill | 2024-05-08 | https://science.feedback.org/review/calcium-essential-component-bones-helps-prevent-osteoporosis-contrary-claim-barbara-oneill/ | Calcium is essential for bone health. Insufficient calcium consumption can lead to bone loss and osteoporosis. Compared to men, women are at a greater risk of developing osteoporosis during menopause due to hormonal changes. A healthy diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, as well as physical activity and, in some cases, calcium supplements, can help prevent osteoporosis. | 2024-05-08 | False | true | true | insufficient-refutes |
sciencefeedback_6_ret_b0_gn | sciencefeedback_6 | https://science.feedback.org/review/calcium-essential-component-bones-helps-prevent-osteoporosis-contrary-claim-barbara-oneill/ | Bones “are not made of calcium”; wild yam is a treatment for osteoporosis | Barbara O’Neill | 2024-05-08 | https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/calcium-essential-component-bones-helps-prevent-osteoporosis-contrary-claim-barbara-oneill/ | FULL CLAIM: Bones "are not made of calcium"; don’t use calcium supplements to treat osteoporosis; high estrogen is associated with osteoporosis ; wild yam is a treatment for osteoporosis In July 2024, a snippet of a presentation by naturopath Barbara O’Neill circulated on Facebook where she advocated against using calcium supplements to treat osteoporosis. O’Neill justified her statement by claiming that bones "are not made of calcium". Instead, she recommended the use of "Anna’s wild yam cream", which would allegedly "lift the progesterone levels" and foster new bone formation. [...] O’Neill provided an inaccurate explanation of how bones are formed and maintained throughout life. Contrary to her claim, calcium is an essential component of bones. Not consuming enough calcium is one of the risk factors that can jeopardize bone formation and lead to osteoporosis. Contrary to O’Neill’s claim, adopting a diet with more calcium is one of the first steps someone can take to prevent or slow down osteoporosis. Wild yam isn’t a proven treatment for osteoporosis, and there is no evidence that it can cause an increase in progesterone. | 2024-08-09 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_6_ret_b2_gn | sciencefeedback_6 | https://science.feedback.org/review/calcium-essential-component-bones-helps-prevent-osteoporosis-contrary-claim-barbara-oneill/ | Bones “are not made of calcium”; wild yam is a treatment for osteoporosis | Barbara O’Neill | 2024-05-08 | https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/322423 | Potential medicinal uses for wild yam include the treatment of menopause symptoms, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, and muscular cramps. Wild yam is a plant that people have used for centuries in alternative medicine. There are various other names for wild yam, such as colic root, devil’s bones, rheumatism root, or China root. While there are over 600 species of wild yam, only 12 are edible. [...] Wild yam is a natural substance, but this does not mean it is free from side effects. In small doses, wild yam is considered safe for most people. However, large amounts of wild yam can lead to side effects, including: | 2023-07-21 | False | false | true | insufficient-neutral |
sciencefeedback_6_ret_bn_g0 | sciencefeedback_6 | https://science.feedback.org/review/calcium-essential-component-bones-helps-prevent-osteoporosis-contrary-claim-barbara-oneill/ | Bones “are not made of calcium”; wild yam is a treatment for osteoporosis | Barbara O’Neill | 2024-05-08 | https://science.feedback.org/review/calcium-essential-component-bones-helps-prevent-osteoporosis-contrary-claim-barbara-oneill/ | In July 2024, a snippet of a presentation by naturopath Barbara O’Neill circulated on Facebook where she advocated against using calcium supplements to treat osteoporosis. O’Neill justified her statement by claiming that bones "are not made of calcium". Instead, she recommended the use of "Anna’s wild yam cream", which would allegedly "lift the progesterone levels" and foster new bone formation. [...] O’Neill also asserted that a product called Anna’s Wild Yam Cream could treat osteoporosis by increasing progesterone levels. She claimed that progesterone stimulates osteoblasts, and that osteoporosis results from elevated estrogen levels that reduce the progesterone levels. [...] O’Neill provided an inaccurate explanation of how bones are formed and maintained throughout life. Contrary to her claim, calcium is an essential component of bones. Not consuming enough calcium is one of the risk factors that can jeopardize bone formation and lead to osteoporosis. Contrary to O’Neill’s claim, adopting a diet with more calcium is one of the first steps someone can take to prevent or slow down osteoporosis. Wild yam isn’t a proven treatment for osteoporosis, and there is no evidence that it can cause an increase in progesterone. | 2024-08-05 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_60 | sciencefeedback_60 | https://science.feedback.org/review/no-not-every-u-s-election-year-has-had-a-disease-outbreak-and-covid-19-transmissibility-is-unconfirmed/ | Every election year has a disease; coronavirus has a contagion factor of 2 | Facebook users | 2020-07-03 | https://science.feedback.org/review/no-not-every-u-s-election-year-has-had-a-disease-outbreak-and-covid-19-transmissibility-is-unconfirmed/ | Every year in the U.S. is an election year, if taking into account state and Congressional elections as well as presidential elections. Since disease outbreaks have not occurred every year, it follows that not every election year has been associated with a disease outbreak as implied by the claim. In addition, the transmissibility of the coronavirus, represented by the “basic reproduction number”, is still under study. Currently, the basic reproduction numbers reported for the virus causing COVID-19 range between around 2 to more than 6. | 2020-07-03 | False | true | true | insufficient-refutes |
sciencefeedback_60_ret_b2_gn | sciencefeedback_60 | https://science.feedback.org/review/no-not-every-u-s-election-year-has-had-a-disease-outbreak-and-covid-19-transmissibility-is-unconfirmed/ | Every election year has a disease; coronavirus has a contagion factor of 2 | Facebook users | 2020-07-03 | https://www.wral.com/story/fact-check-are-there-illness-outbreaks-every-election-year/19010856/ | As coronavirus misinformation spreads like wildfire, there have been conspiratorial attempts to connect the disease to election year politics. Many tweets and Facebook posts are making the false claim that there is a trend of disease outbreaks matched to elections. "Every election year has a disease," reads one. [...] A post on social media says "Every election year has a disease" ... SARS in 2004; avian flu in 2008; swine flu in 2010; MERS in 2012; Ebola in 2014 and 2018; Zika in 2016 and the coronavirus in 2020. | 2020-03-13 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_60_ret_b4_gn | sciencefeedback_60 | https://science.feedback.org/review/no-not-every-u-s-election-year-has-had-a-disease-outbreak-and-covid-19-transmissibility-is-unconfirmed/ | Every election year has a disease; coronavirus has a contagion factor of 2 | Facebook users | 2020-07-03 | https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/meta-programme-fact-checks/no-connection-between-major-disease-outbreaks-and-us | "Every election year has a disease," the speech bubble has the woman saying. It then lists the acronyms and names of seven major infectious diseases, linking their outbreak to years: | 2022-08-31 | False | false | true | insufficient-neutral |
sciencefeedback_60_ret_bn_g0 | sciencefeedback_60 | https://science.feedback.org/review/no-not-every-u-s-election-year-has-had-a-disease-outbreak-and-covid-19-transmissibility-is-unconfirmed/ | Every election year has a disease; coronavirus has a contagion factor of 2 | Facebook users | 2020-07-03 | https://www.factcheck.org/2020/03/viral-posts-falsely-align-viruses-to-election-years/ | The image, which appears in numerous Facebook posts, shows a handwritten sign that reads, in part, "Every election year has a disease." It then lists: "SARS-2004 Avian-2008 Swine-2010 MERS-2012 Ebola-2014 Zika-2016 Ebola-2018 Corona-2020" [...] The posts also claim the novel coronavirus "has a contagion factor of 2." This refers to the number of people to which an infected person can transmit the disease, also known as the R0 number. The WHO estimates this number to be 1.4 to 2.5 for COVID-19, but estimates vary because the disease is so new. The posts use upper-range estimates for the contagion factor of the other diseases. It says that SARS has an R0 of 4. According to the WHO, SARS has an R0 in the range of 2 to 4. The posts also claim that the R0 for measles is 18. Measles is most often cited as having an R0 range of 12 to 18, and studies have found that estimates could vary more widely. | 2020-03-18 | False | false | true | insufficient-supports |
sciencefeedback_60_ret_bn_g2 | sciencefeedback_60 | https://science.feedback.org/review/no-not-every-u-s-election-year-has-had-a-disease-outbreak-and-covid-19-transmissibility-is-unconfirmed/ | Every election year has a disease; coronavirus has a contagion factor of 2 | Facebook users | 2020-07-03 | https://science.feedback.org/review/no-not-every-u-s-election-year-has-had-a-disease-outbreak-and-covid-19-transmissibility-is-unconfirmed/ | The claim that "every election year has a disease" is inaccurate and imprecise. The images shared on Facebook do not specify which elections they are referring to, but if one counts elections at both the state and federal levels, every year@ is an election year in the U.S. Since disease outbreaks have not occurred every year, it follows that not every election year has been associated with a disease outbreak as implied by the claim. [...] The images also contain the claim that the "coronavirus has a contagion factor of 2". The term "contagion factor" is not part of the scientific vocabulary, but it appears to refer to the reproduction number (R0)—a measure of how quickly an infection could spread through a community. Joseph Eisenberg, professor and chair of epidemiology at the University of Michigan, explains the concept of R0 in this article published in The Conversation: [...] The transmissibility of COVID-19 is still being studied by scientists. A review published on 13 February 2020 shows that the basic reproduction number currently ranges from approximately 2 to 6.5[1]. The number indicates the number of individuals in a susceptible population expected to become infected by a single infected individual. Therefore the claim that "coronavirus has a contagion factor of 2" gives a false and misleading impression that the transmissibility of the new coronavirus has already been confirmed. | 2020-03-07 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_65 | sciencefeedback_65 | https://science.feedback.org/review/marijuana-has-significant-health-risks-contrary-to-claims-by-internet-meme/ | Marijuana is non-addictive, cures cancer, and grows brain cells | Anonymous | 2019-04-25 | https://science.feedback.org/review/marijuana-has-significant-health-risks-contrary-to-claims-by-internet-meme/ | While marijuana has been shown to be effective for pain management and cancer chemotherapy-related nausea, the drug does come with side effects and is not a cure-all. The claim that marijuana is non-addictive is untrue, while the claims that it cures cancer and grows brain cells are unsupported by current scientific evidence. | 2019-04-25 | False | true | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_65_ret_b7_gn | sciencefeedback_65 | https://science.feedback.org/review/marijuana-has-significant-health-risks-contrary-to-claims-by-internet-meme/ | Marijuana is non-addictive, cures cancer, and grows brain cells | Anonymous | 2019-04-25 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34370591/ | Cannabis as an Anticancer Agent: A Review of Clinical Data and Assessment of Case Reports - PMID: 34370591 - PMCID: PMC8864433 - DOI: 10.1089/can.2021.0045 Cannabis as an Anticancer Agent: A Review of Clinical Data and Assessment of Case Reports [...] Keywords: antineoplastic; cancer; cannabis; marijuana. | 2014-11-01 | False | false | true | insufficient-neutral |
sciencefeedback_65_ret_bn_g0 | sciencefeedback_65 | https://science.feedback.org/review/marijuana-has-significant-health-risks-contrary-to-claims-by-internet-meme/ | Marijuana is non-addictive, cures cancer, and grows brain cells | Anonymous | 2019-04-25 | https://science.feedback.org/review/marijuana-has-significant-health-risks-contrary-to-claims-by-internet-meme/ | While marijuana has been shown to be effective for pain management and cancer chemotherapy-related nausea, the drug does come with side effects and is not a cure-all. The claim that marijuana is non-addictive is untrue, while the claims that it cures cancer and grows brain cells are unsupported by current scientific evidence. [...] Claim #1: Marijuana is non-addictive [...] Claim #3: Marijuana grows brain cells | 2019-04-25 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_65_ret_bn_g15 | sciencefeedback_65 | https://science.feedback.org/review/marijuana-has-significant-health-risks-contrary-to-claims-by-internet-meme/ | Marijuana is non-addictive, cures cancer, and grows brain cells | Anonymous | 2019-04-25 | https://harmreductionjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1477-7517-2-21 | Furthermore, compounds found in cannabis have been shown to kill numerous cancer types including: lung cancer [9], breast and prostate [10], leukemia and lymphoma [11], glioma [12], skin cancer [13], and pheochromocytoma [14]. The effects of cannabinoids are complex and sometimes contradicting, often exhibiting biphasic responses. For example, in contrast to the tumor killing properties mentioned above, low doses of THC may stimulate the growth of lung cancer cells in vitro [15]. [...] For example, activation of the nicotine receptors, as is also true of cannabinoid receptors [36], can prevent the brain cell death that results from exposure to beta amyloid protein [37] as occurs in Alzheimer's disease. [...] Hart S, Fischer OM, Ullrich A: Cannabinoids induce cancer cell proliferation via tumor necrosis factor alpha-converting enzyme (TACE/ADAM17)-mediated transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. Cancer Res. 2004, 64: 1943-1950. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-3720. | 2005-10-18 | False | false | true | insufficient-contradictory |
sciencefeedback_65_ret_bn_g19 | sciencefeedback_65 | https://science.feedback.org/review/marijuana-has-significant-health-risks-contrary-to-claims-by-internet-meme/ | Marijuana is non-addictive, cures cancer, and grows brain cells | Anonymous | 2019-04-25 | https://sonomacounty.ca.gov/health-and-human-services/health-services/marijuana-public-health-and-safety/myths-and-facts-about-marijuana-use | MYTH: Marijuana isn’t addictive [...] Chronic marijuana use can lead to addiction. Research shows that approximately 9 percent, or about 1 in 11, of those who use marijuana will become addicted. This goes up to 17 percent in those who start using while young (in their teens) and increases to 25-50 percent of daily users.6 [...] FACTS: Like alcohol, marijuana and associated THC-containing products are intoxicants and can contribute to impaired judgment and increased susceptibility to mental health problems, including depression, insomnia and paranoid delusions.16 | 2022-01-01 | False | false | true | insufficient-refutes |
sciencefeedback_68 | sciencefeedback_68 | https://science.feedback.org/review/published-studies-misrepresented-peter-mccullough-false-claim-covid-vaccines-sudden-cardiac-death/ | Published studies show that COVID-19 mRNA vaccines cause metabolic cardiomyopathy and sudden cardiac death | Peter McCullough | 2023-10-27 | https://science.feedback.org/review/published-studies-misrepresented-peter-mccullough-false-claim-covid-vaccines-sudden-cardiac-death/ | Studies so far haven’t shown any association between COVID-19 vaccines and mortality risk or sudden death. All medical interventions come with side effects and COVID-19 vaccines are no exception. COVID-19 mRNA vaccines are linked to an increased risk of heart inflammation in adolescent and young adult males. However, the risk of heart complications and other health problems associated with COVID-19 is well-documented to be higher than that associated with vaccination. On balance, COVID-19 vaccines offer more benefits than drawbacks. | 2023-10-27 | False | true | true | insufficient-refutes |
sciencefeedback_68_ret_b5_gn | sciencefeedback_68 | https://science.feedback.org/review/published-studies-misrepresented-peter-mccullough-false-claim-covid-vaccines-sudden-cardiac-death/ | Published studies show that COVID-19 mRNA vaccines cause metabolic cardiomyopathy and sudden cardiac death | Peter McCullough | 2023-10-27 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34921468/ | Cardiac complications following mRNA COVID-19 vaccines: A systematic review of case reports and case series - PMID: 34921468 - DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2318 [...] There have been several local and systemic adverse events associated with mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. Pericarditis, myocarditis and myocardial infarction are examples of cardiac complications related to these vaccines. In this article, we conducted a systematic review of case reports and case series to identify the clinical profile, investigations, and management of reported cardiac complications post-mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, as well as the medRxiv preprint server, with terms including: 'SARS-CoV-2', 'COVID-19', 'messenger RNA vaccine*', 'mRNA-1273 vaccine', 'BNT162 vaccine', 'myocarditis', 'pericarditis', 'stroke' and 'Myocardial Ischemia' up to 25 September 2021. Studies were excluded if they were not case reports or case series, or reported cases from non-mRNA vaccines. Case reports and case series were included that investigated the potential cardiac complications associated with mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. The JBI checklist was used to assess quality and data synthesis was conducted using a qualitative methodology called narrative synthesis. Sixty-nine studies, including 43 case reports and 26 case series, were included. Myocarditis/myopericarditis and pericarditis were the most common adverse events among the 243 reported cardiac complications, post mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. Males with a median age of 21 years had the highest frequency of myocarditis. | 2021-07-01 | False | false | true | insufficient-supports |
sciencefeedback_68_ret_bn_g0 | sciencefeedback_68 | https://science.feedback.org/review/published-studies-misrepresented-peter-mccullough-false-claim-covid-vaccines-sudden-cardiac-death/ | Published studies show that COVID-19 mRNA vaccines cause metabolic cardiomyopathy and sudden cardiac death | Peter McCullough | 2023-10-27 | https://science.feedback.org/review/published-studies-misrepresented-peter-mccullough-false-claim-covid-vaccines-sudden-cardiac-death/ | Misrepresents source: None of the three studies found that COVID-19 mRNA vaccines increase the risk of sudden death or metabolic cardiomyopathy, as McCullough claimed. One study of autopsies of vaccinated people clarified that none of the deaths were caused by the vaccine; another study was performed in people who showed no symptoms of heart problems and didn’t report any deaths, while the other study used very high doses of vaccine that aren’t comparable to doses used in vaccination. [...] During the interview, McCullough claimed that three studies—one from Krauson et al., another from Nakahara et al., and the other from Schreckenberg et al.—were evidence that the COVID-19 mRNA vaccines caused "a form of metabolic cardiomyopathy" that could explain "sudden cardiac death"[1-3]. [...] The claim that these three studies point to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines causing "metabolic cardiomyopathy" and "sudden cardiac death" is baseless. As we explained above, McCullough’s statements about the studies misrepresent their findings or leave out important information that contradicts his claim. In fact, none of the studies found any association between COVID-19 mRNA vaccines and sudden cardiac death or metabolic cardiomyopathy. Other published studies have also found no association between COVID-19 vaccination and sudden death or an increase in all-cause mortality. | 2023-11-30 | False | false | true | refutes |
sciencefeedback_68_ret_bn_g4 | sciencefeedback_68 | https://science.feedback.org/review/published-studies-misrepresented-peter-mccullough-false-claim-covid-vaccines-sudden-cardiac-death/ | Published studies show that COVID-19 mRNA vaccines cause metabolic cardiomyopathy and sudden cardiac death | Peter McCullough | 2023-10-27 | https://tehj.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s43044-022-00260-2 | There is evidence that the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine can cause myocarditis, particularly in cases of the previous exposure. With most patients presenting after both doses of the vaccine, or after the first dose with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, there may be a possibility of a hypersensitivity reaction occurring after the previous exposure [61, 64]. This reaction may be a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction due to the two- to three-day period between vaccine administration and onset of symptoms seen in most patients [56, 64]. The first vaccine dose could act to sensitize the immune system, while the second dose causes the activation of the effector phase of the immune system [64]. Activated immune cells may migrate to the myocardium leading to release of cytokines into the myocardium. This process can stimulate further immune cells to enter the myocardium, leading to inflammation and the patient may present with myocarditis. | 2022-04-05 | False | false | true | supports |
sciencefeedback_7 | sciencefeedback_7 | https://science.feedback.org/review/hashimotos-disease-thyroid-disorder-treated-hormone-replacement-therapy-contrary-claim-gary-brecka/ | There is nothing wrong with the thyroid in patients with Hashimoto’s disease; vitamin B is a cure for Hashimoto’s disease | Gary Brecka | 2024-07-21 | https://science.feedback.org/review/hashimotos-disease-thyroid-disorder-treated-hormone-replacement-therapy-contrary-claim-gary-brecka/ | Hashimoto’s disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes inflammation of the thyroid. Over time, it may impair the secretion of thyroid hormones and cause symptoms of hypothyroidism, such as fatigue, muscle soreness, dry skin, and sensitivity to cold. A standard treatment for Hashimoto’s disease is hormone replacement using a synthetic thyroid hormone. | 2024-07-21 | False | true | true | insufficient-refutes |
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