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https://www.wikihow.com/Build-a-Wormery	How to Build a Wormery	To build a wormery, get a clear container with holes in the lid for ventilation, and fill it with sand, soil, leaves, and overripe fruit. Once you've collected worms, which you can purchase or find under rocks or leaf piles, add them to the container and place it somewhere cool and dark. For a larger wormery, you'll want to top 8 to 10 centimeters of gravel with 7 to 8 centimeters of damp material, which could include wet old newspapers, torn cardboard, leaf litter, and compost manure. From here, you can maintain your wormery by keeping it cool, moist, and sprinkled with kitchen waste for your worms to eat. Stick to scraps like coffee grounds, tea leaves, and vegetable peelings, then cover them with an inch of bedding to keep fruit flies away.	Get a container. Various types of containers will work, as long as there is proper ventilation. If you want a container you can observe well, use a large, clean glass jar or other clear container. Poke some holes into the lid, or cover the top of the jar with a fine mesh fabric secured with a rubber band. Your container should be ready before you get the worms, because worms shouldn't be exposed to the light for long. You'll want their moist, dark home ready for them when you collect them. Create layers for the wormery. Put one centimeter of sand in the bottom of your container. Add a thick layer of damp soil, and another centimeter of sand on top of that. Then fill the jar with moist soil up to five centimeters from the top of the container. In a separate container, prepare the top layer you will put on top of the worms once you have them. The topmost layer can include pieces of overripe fruit (such as grapes), vegetable peels and leaves (from trees and/or tea). Collect worms. You can search for or buy earthworms or tiger worms (redworms). Places you can catch worms are compost piles, gardens, or under rocks or leaf piles. Check the grass, sidewalk or driveway after a lot of rain. If you can't find worms yourself, you can buy them at a local tackle shop. Keep your hands moist when handling worms. Place the worms right onto the topmost (food) layer in the container. Put the container away. Store the container in a cool, dark place such as a cupboard. Put thought into where you keep your wormery. Worms like a place without vibrations. Wrap the container with black paper and secure it with string or a rubber band. Put on the ventilated lid. For example, don't keep your wormery near a furnace, speaker, refrigerator or dishwasher. If you're keeping the container outside, choose a garage or shed, and wrap the container in bubble wrap as insulation, without covering the ventilated lid. See what the worms are up to. If you used a clear container for observation, such as a jar, after a couple of weeks you can examine how the worms have taken to their new environment. They have likely made patterns in the soil and processed the food you gave them. Prepare a container. For a large wormery, you can use a plastic bin or garbage can with drainage holes drilled in, covered by recycled wood from old pallets. You can use many different types of containers to house worms and even layers of containers separated by wire mesh, as long as the top of your wormery has holes for ventilation. Large wormeries should also have preparations made for drainage. Another option for a large wormery is to use three old tires, weld mesh, and plywood or hardwood. Create a flat base with bricks or paving slabs, topped with a thick layer of newspaper. Cut the wire mesh into three circles with wire cutters, so that each circle fits over a tire rim. You can secure it to the tire with garden ties. Cover the top with a board weighed down with bricks. Keep stones or gravel in a layer at the bottom of the container. Put a sheet of cardboard over the gravel and a layer of shredded newspaper over that to prevent the worms from falling through. Add drainage holes in the bottom of your container. Check the drainage holes occasionally to make sure they are clear. Prepare the layers for a wormery. Fill the bottom of the container with eight to ten centimeters of gravel or coarse sand. On top of that, put a circle of polythene or wood with drainage holes. Add seven to eight centimeters of damp material like compost manure or leaf litter. Add worms to the bedding. Put a layer of moist newspaper on the top or side. Add kitchen waste to the top layer. Prepare a moist, degradable blanket for the top layer of old newspapers. Worms also like moist, torn cardboard. If your wormery has stacked containers, stuff each layer with shredded paper. Put about five centimeters of compost in the bottom layer, along with the worms. Add kitchen waste to the top layer to attract the worms up from below. Gather worms. You can look for or purchase earthworms or tiger worms (redworms) for your wormery. Places you can find worms include compost heaps, gardens, or underneath rocks or leaf litter. Try checking the grass or driveway after a heavy rain. If you can't find worms, you can buy them at a fishing tackle shop. Keep your hands wet when handling the worms. They breathe through their skin and need to remain moist. There are various tricks for catching worms. You can dig in the ground, or pour a water and soap solution on the grass. Put the container in an appropriate environment. Store the container in a cool, dark place such as a shed or garage during cold months. In warmer months, the container can stay in the shed or garage, or be moved to an area with partial shade. Your worms will be the most active if you keep them in an environment between 64 and 77 degrees Fahrenheit (18 to 25 degrees Celsius). Their activity will lessen noticeably if their environment is below 10ºC (50ºF) or above 30ºC (86ºF). If your wormery isn't staying warm enough in the shed or garage in cold months, you have a couple of options. You can bury your wormery in the ground or snow to protect it from harsh temperatures. Or, you can surround the container with insulating material like polystyrene, thick carpeting, or a clear plastic tarp. Add a thick layer of hay, straw, grass or dry leaves to the top layer of your wormery during cold weather. Check the acidity if necessary. Composting worms like the pH level of their environment to be between 6.5 and 7.0. You can check soil acidity with a soil test from a garden store if your worm aren't producing as expected. Add coffee grounds or a small amount of peat moss to increase the acidity. To decrease acidity, add egg shells and/or turn the bedding weekly. Keep their climate ideal. Keep the worms' environment moist, not wet or dry. Don't allow it to get cold or too hot. The temperature of your wormery should stay between 55 and 77 degrees Fahrenheit (12.8 to 25 degrees Celsius). If the wormery is too wet and starts to smell, take everything out and thoroughly mix it with brown material before returning it to the container. If the wormery stays too dry, remove the contents, mix them with some water and green material, and return it to the container. Feed the worms. Feed the worms by adding kitchen waste to the top, such as uncooked fruit, coffee grounds, tea leaves and vegetable peelings. Although worms can process just about anything that's decomposable, there are certain items that aren't advisable to add. Worms can die from overfeeding, so make sure that you only add waste when the previous waste has been composted. However you should check the container regularly, since they'll die from not enough food as well. As a rule of thumb, try checking every day or every other day. Use a variety of food for your worms rather than the same thing over and over. The pieces you add should be small. If you give them garden waste, do so sparingly (a few annual weeds here and there). Don't give your worms meat, fish, dairy products, seeds, citrus peel, garlic and onions. Also avoid fatty foods like peanut butter or mayonnaise. Watch out for fruit flies. Since the wormery needs to be ventilated, the openings give fruit flies a way to get in. Feed your worms by digging a small trench in the wormery and adding the scraps. Then cover the scraps with an inch or so of bedding. This will prevent fruit flies as well as odors. Remove worm castings. About every three months, move the top bedding to the side and add fresh bedding. Wait about two weeks, and the worms will have moved over into the new bedding. You can then scoop out their castings with the old bedding. You can work worm castings and their old bedding into your garden as fertilizer.	Get a container. Create layers for the wormery. Collect worms. Put the container away. See what the worms are up to. Prepare a container. Prepare the layers for a wormery. Gather worms. Put the container in an appropriate environment. Check the acidity if necessary. Keep their climate ideal. Feed the worms. Watch out for fruit flies. Remove worm castings.
https://www.wikihow.pet/Prevent-Obesity-in-Labrador-Retrievers	How to Prevent Obesity in Labrador Retrievers	To prevent obesity in Labrador retrievers, try cutting your dog's food portions by 15 to 20% to avoid overfeeding it. You can also try cutting down or eliminating all treats, as this will help to reduce your dog's calorie intake. Additionally, it's important to exercise your dog regularly, which helps burn calories and stops it from eating out of boredom. If you currently leave food out for your dog at all times, consider switching to set meal times so you can control how much food your dog eats.	Choose a high fiber food. Another option you may consider for your lab is a high fiber diet dog food. This type of food will be more filling to the dog while providing all the nutrients she needs to stay healthy while on the food. A high fiber diet help stimulate your dog's metabolism. The downside of a high fiber dog food is this can be a bit less full of flavor so the dog may not like it as much. Give your dog smaller portions. Labrador retrievers love to eat. Owners often give into the lab's cute face and begging and feed her more food. However, this helps lead to obesity. If you don't want to change your dog's diet, you can feed her a normal diet, but reduce the portion sizes. This uses your dog's current food, but cuts down on the normal daily portion size you've been feeding her. Recommendations vary, but try cutting 15 or 20% of her food from her diet. Eliminate treats. Another way you can cut calories in your dog's diet is to eliminate all treats. Feeding your dog treats can cause weight gain or block the efforts to lose weight since each treat adds extra calories to the daily caloric count. Your lab probably loves treats and begs for them. Try to limit how many treats you give to your lab. If you feel a need to feed treats, get a good commercial one specifically made for dieting dogs. You can give your dog vegetables or rice cakes for snacks instead of more calorie heavy choices. If you know your family will give the dog treats, ration out the amount of treats that your dog can have each day. You can also place a few pieces of the dog's daily dog food in a sandwich bag and use as treats. Remove any constant food sources. Many people leave food down for their dog to eat throughout the day. Because Labrador retrievers are greedy dogs who are always hungry, you should carefully monitor what your pet eats. You can control what your dog eats by removing the bowl of food and only feeding your dog at set meal times. If your dog was used to having food out to eat at all times, you will need to begin feeding your dog two or three times a day. She has proven she can't control her eating if food is out all day, so you need to institute this control for your dog. Feed your dog a high-protein dog food if recommended by your vet. One option to help reduce your lab's weight is a high-protein food. Protein helps keep your dog's metabolism high and gives it energy to stay active. This is generally a more tasty food for the dog, but might not be as filling and satisfying to a dog used to eating more food. Speak to your veterinarian before putting your dog on a high-protein diet. This is a controversial diet that could be damaging to your dog's kidneys. If you choose to switch dog food, do so gradually over a period of one to two weeks. The first two day mix the dog food: ¼ new food with ¾ old food. The next four days mix the dog food: ½ new food with ¾ old food. The next two to four days, mix the food ¾ new food with ¼ food old food. Finally, your dog should be transitioned to the new food. If the dog leaves the new food in the dish, make a more gradual transition to the new food. If it absolutely refuses the new food, consult your veterinarian for advice. Recognize the healthy weight for a Labrador retriever. Labrador retrievers are one of the breeds that are at the highest risk for obesity. Your lab should be kept at a healthy weight, and you should take measures to prevent "fat lab" syndrome. A healthy weight for a Labrador retriever is between 55 and 80 pounds. Male labs may weigh five to 10 pounds more than females and be considered healthy. Make sure to base the healthy weight on your lab's build. Determine if your lab is small or large, stocky or lean, or tall or short. Labs have a tendency to gain two to three pounds each year between the ages of one and five, which can lead to obesity when your lab hits the middle age mark. If your lab is nearing the 100 pound mark, she is obese. Monitor your dog’s weight. Preventing obesity in your Labrador retriever is a lifelong endeavor. It takes proper feeding and exercise to keep a dog at a healthy weight. Check your dog's weight once a month. If you find out that she is gaining weight, it is time to take steps to help her lose weight. A simple way to determine if your dog is overweight is to run your hands along her ribs. If you feel a padding of fat and have difficulty feeling the ribs, your dog is overweight. It should take about six to eight weeks for your dog to lose weight. Adopt healthy feeding habits. Feed your Labrador retriever properly from the moment you get her. This helps prevent your dog from gaining weight in the first place. A high quality dog food is essential to maintaining a healthy weight. To choose a high quality dog food, look on its ingredient list. The top two ingredients should be meat and not a meat by-product. Meat provides your dog with more protein, which a dog needs to maintain a proper weight. You can always ask your veterinarian for help in choosing a good quality food for your dog and one that fits your budget. However, remember that food is the most cost effective medicine you can give your dog. Generally, it is more cost effective to invest in a good quality food than to try to correct medical problems later in life. Exercise your dog. Proper exercise and play are essential to developing muscle mass and to keep a bored dog from mindlessly eating. Exercising your dog can help keep her healthy and lower her body weight. Plus, exercising or playing with your dog is a great way to bond with your dog. There are many types of exercise that dog's love and that may benefit your health as well. Games of fetch or chasing the ball outside are always a good choice for an active dog. Walks are also necessity to keep a dog fit, especially a Labrador retriever. This is a great option for an elderly lab or a young lab puppy. A walk two or three times each day can do wonders for your dog's health. If you're a jogger, your adult lab, older than 18 months, can jog with you. Keep in mind that running or jogging for sustained time, like longer than 20 minutes, is too much for dogs under 18 months as their joints and bones are still forming. Dog parks are another good way for a Lab to get exercise, and to socialize with other dogs as well. As long as his or her vaccinations are up-to-date, dog parks are okay for your dog to visit. #*Agility training is an alternative way to get exercise and socialization in a structured training environment. Contact your local pet store or vet clinic to inquire about agility clubs in your area. Identify problems that occur when a lab is overweight. Obesity in Labrador retrievers can cause a lot of medical problems. An overweight or obese lab has a shorter lifespan than one at a healthy weight. Labs are also at a higher risk for arthritis, joint, and skeletal problems when they are overweight. Obesity can also cause heart and liver problems, respiratory diseases, and lower immunity for labs. Take your dog to the vet. If you already suspect your Labrador retriever is overweight or obese, visit your veterinarian for a checkup. The vet can guide you on the type and quantity of food you should feed your dog, how much weight a month your dog should lose, and your dog's goal weight. If a health problem, like hypothyroidism, is causing your dog to be overweight you will need to treat the medical condition. Determine if your dog has an underlying medical condition. Sometimes, your dog may gain weight because of a medical condition. Hyperadrenocorticism, also known as Cushing's disease, and hypothyroidism can cause weight gain. Hypothyroidism is a condition caused when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. This slows metabolism down so the dog's body has trouble keeping weight under control. In addition to gaining weight or difficulty losing weight, a dog with hypothyroidism may become lethargic, may lose hair, and may seek warm places as it feels cold. Neutering or spaying a dog can also cause weight gain. A desexed dog requires about 10% less calories than an intact dog due to the decreased demands from the reproductive system. Recognize the health problems obesity causes. Overweight and obese dogs are prone to developing serious health problems. Chief among these are developing diabetes. Obese dogs are also at risk to develop painful osteoarthritis due to years of excess weight stressing the bones and joints. In addition, overweight and obese dogs are at risk for high blood pressure, heart disease, and some forms of cancer. Obese and overweight dogs also have a tendency to be less energetic, sleep more, and to have fewer interactions with their family.	Choose a high fiber food. Give your dog smaller portions. Eliminate treats. Remove any constant food sources. Feed your dog a high-protein dog food if recommended by your vet. Recognize the healthy weight for a Labrador retriever. Monitor your dog’s weight. Adopt healthy feeding habits. Exercise your dog. Identify problems that occur when a lab is overweight. Take your dog to the vet. Determine if your dog has an underlying medical condition. Recognize the health problems obesity causes.
https://www.wikihow.com/Transplant-Daffodils	How to Transplant Daffodils	It's best to transplant daffodils when growing season is over in late spring or early summer. Carefully dig up the bulbs and plant them 6 inches deep in a well-drained mix of soil and compost. If you're planting them outdoors, put them in a sunny spot. Or, if you're planting them indoors, keep them in a cool, dark spot for the first 3 months so they don't flower too soon. After 3 months, move the daffodil bulbs to a sunny spot near a window. During the fall, mix some soluble fertilizer into their water to give them a boost of nutrients.	Divide and transplant daffodils at the end of the growing season. Wait until the growing season is over before you begin. When the growing season is over, the foliage will wither away and turn yellow or brown. This usually happens in the late spring or early summer. If you wait much later in the year you may not be able to find your daffodils, as the plant will be dormant and any visible signs of it hidden under the ground. Because of this, try to take action when there's still some of the plant visible above ground. Dig up the daffodil bulbs without damaging them. Use a garden spade to dig up the bulbs, being careful to avoid damaging them. You'll want to dig quite a long way from the plant to avoid slicing through it accidentally. Bulbs are usually planted pretty deep, and over time daffodil bulbs can wriggle a bit lower into the soil, so expect to dig to about the depth of an average spade. Gently separate the daffodil bulbs. Once you locate the bulb, gently part it from the earth as carefully as possible, trying not to damage any roots. Gently separate the bulb clumps by twisting and pulling them apart with your fingers. Keep as many of the divided bulbs (also known as offsets) as you want to replant. The very smallest offsets may not flower within a year. Discard any that are damaged, mushy or show any signs of rot. Replant the daffodil bulbs as soon as possible. It's best to replant the bulbs fairly quickly if you can, although they should be fine for several weeks out of ground if delay is unavoidable. Store any bulbs you aren't planting immediately in a cool dry place. One ideal way to store them is in a paper bag in a dark corner of a garden shed. Find a sunny spot in the garden to replant the daffodils. Find a new spot in the garden for your divided daffodil offsets. They will prefer a sunny patch, although they'll tolerate partial shade for some of the day. A daffodil plant needs to receive at least three hours of sunlight per day. Plant the daffodil bulbs in well-drained, composted soil. Daffodils need a well-drained soil, so try to avoid planting them anywhere that puddles form and don't easily drain away. Daffodil bulbs rot easily in wet ground. It's a good idea to incorporate plenty of compost or organic matter, such as well-rotted horse manure, into the soil. If you aren't sure how much to use, cover your soil to a depth of 2 to 4 inches (5.1 to 10.2 cm) with the manure and then mix it with the existing soil. If your soil is clay heavy and tends to retain water, you might may want to add some grit into the soil to improve drainage. Plant each bulb in a hole three times as deep as the width of the bulb. To plant each bulb, dig a hole three times as deep as the bulb is wide—that's around 6 inches (15.2 cm) in depth for a 2 inch (5.1 cm) bulb. If you can, add a trowel full of compost to the bottom of the hole for the bulb to sit on. Put the bulb in the hole with the pointed end facing upwards. Fill the hole with soil and water well. You might like to top-dress (add a top layer) of fertilizer or mulch. Plant any remaining bulbs back in the original location. Now go back to the area where your bulbs were growing originally and replant the bulbs using the same approach. Having such a crowd of bulbs in this patch may have taken a lot of the nutrients from the soil, so it's especially important to refresh the ground with fertilizer in this spot. Feed the transplanted bulbs with a water-soluble fertilizer. In the fall, give your transplanted bulbs a good feed with a water-soluble fertilizer. During the fall the roots are most actively growing, so the fall feeding will help your transplanted bulbs get established in their new home. All bulbs will appreciate an annual top dressing of fertilizer or mulch. Plant daffodil bulbs in a deep pot with good drainage. You can also move daffodil offsets to a container. Try to choose a deep pot to give their roots plenty of room (at least 8 inches). The pot should have drainage holes. Use bulb compost or regular potting compost. Bulb compost or regular potting compost will work well for daffodils in pots. Fill the pot so that it is about two-thirds full, and plant the bulbs pointed end upwards. The bulbs should be close but not touching. Cover the bulbs with soil and water the pot. Keep the pot in a cool, dark spot for the first few months. Move the container to a cool dark spot such as a shed or cellar for a few months rather than bringing it into a warm home. Continue to water it and bring it out into a warmer, lighter place after about three months. It's best not to put containers of daffodils in a warm location as this inhibits flowering. Fertilize potted daffodils with bone meal. After flowering, top dress your container with a fertilizer such as bone meal (this is pretty stinky so you may not want to keep it in the house!). Replant fresh bulbs each year. Daffodils should survive three years in a container but won't be as good after the first year. For best results, plant the spent bulbs outside after the foliage dies back and replant your container with fresh bulbs for the following flowering season. Transplant daffodils from a pot to the ground. Indoor planted daffodils and those previously planted in containers can be moved to the outside for planting in the ground. The best time to do this is after they flower and when the foliage has died back. This will typically be in the late summer or early autumn. Follow the steps outlined in Method 1 to transplant your daffodil bulbs.	Divide and transplant daffodils at the end of the growing season. Dig up the daffodil bulbs without damaging them. Gently separate the daffodil bulbs. Replant the daffodil bulbs as soon as possible. Find a sunny spot in the garden to replant the daffodils. Plant the daffodil bulbs in well-drained, composted soil. Plant each bulb in a hole three times as deep as the width of the bulb. Plant any remaining bulbs back in the original location. Feed the transplanted bulbs with a water-soluble fertilizer. Plant daffodil bulbs in a deep pot with good drainage. Use bulb compost or regular potting compost. Keep the pot in a cool, dark spot for the first few months. Fertilize potted daffodils with bone meal. Replant fresh bulbs each year. Transplant daffodils from a pot to the ground.
https://www.wikihow.com/Use-an-Ophthalmoscope	How to Use an Ophthalmoscope	Before using an ophthalmoscope, turn the power switch on to confirm that the light is working, and replace the batteries if necessary. You should also explain to the patient that an ophthalmoscope will examine the inside of their eye, and warn them that the light may be bright. If you need to dilate the eye, apply 1-2 mydriatic eye drops 15 minutes before the exam begins. Then, dim all other lights in the room so you can more easily see into the patient's eye. Once you're ready to start the exam, hold the ophthalmoscope about arm's length from the patient's face and gently lift their eyelid with your other hand.	Determine if the ophthalmoscope is working properly. Turn the power switch to the on position to check if the light works. If not, replace the batteries and try again. Look through the aperture (eyepiece) to ensure clarity. Remove or slide open the aperture's cover if one exists. Select the appropriate setting. There are several aperture and filter options that can be used for specific goals in an eye examination. The most common setting used is the Medium light source, because most exams are done in a darkened room when the patient has not been treated with mydriatic (dilating) eye drops. Ophthalmoscopes may differ in which settings are available, but some possibilities are: Small light – for when the pupil is very constricted, like in a bright room Large light – for highly dilated pupils, like when treated with mydriatic drops Half light – when part of the cornea is obscured, like with a cataract, to direct light into the clear part of the eye Red free light – to better visualize the blood vessels and any problems with the vessels Slit – to check for irregularities in contour Blue light – to use after fluorescein staining to check for abrasions Grid – to measure distances Focus the instrument using the focusing wheel. Generally, you should focus your ophthalmoscope to the “0” setting, which is the baseline. Be aware that focusing towards the positive numbers – sometimes marked on the instrument in green – focuses on things closer to you, and focusing towards the negative numbers – sometimes in red – focuses on things farther from you. For the PanOptic ophthalmoscope, focus using the focusing wheel on a point about 10-15 feet away from you. Explain the procedure to your patient. Have your examinee sit down in a chair or on the examination table. Tell them to remove their glasses or contacts if they're wearing any. Explain what an ophthalmoscope is and warn the patient about the brightness of the light emitted. If you will be dilating the pupil with mydriatic drops, explain the procedure and effects, including that they should have someone drive them home after. You don't have to go into much detail about the eye exam. Say something like, “I'm going to use this instrument to look into the back of your eye. It will be a bright light, but it shouldn't be uncomfortable.” Wash your hands. Gloves are not necessary for this procedure, but it's standard practice to thoroughly wash your hands with soap and water before and after any type of physical exam. Apply mydriatic drops, if necessary. Dilating the pupils provides easier and more thorough visualization of the eye structures, and is used often in optometrists' offices. Have the patient tilt their head back. Gently pull out their lower lid, and drop the appropriate number of drops into the eye. Have your patient close their eye for about 2 minutes, and press on the corner of their eye where it meets the nose. Do this in both eyes. Tropicamide 0.5% is most commonly used, applying 1-2 drops about 15-20 minutes before your exam. Other agents used are Cyclopentolate 1%, Atropine 1% solution, Homatropine 2%, and Phenylephrine 2.5% or 10% solution. All of these drops are contraindicated in patients with a head injury that is being monitored. Review a list of your patient's medications to ensure they have no interactions with the eye drops. Darker eyes may be less sensitive to drops and require more than lighter-hued eyes. Darken the room. Dim the lights considerably. Having extra lights on hinders the sharpness of the ophthalmoscope magnification. Remember, if you are unable to make the room darker, adjust the light setting on your ophthalmoscope accordingly. Position yourself in relation to your patient. You want to be eye-level with your patient, so stand straight, bend forward, or sit in a chair in order to be at the appropriate level. Position yourself at your patient's side, and approach them from approximately a 45° angle. Situate your scope and approach to the patient correctly. Let's say we first want to evaluate the patient's right eye. Wedge the ophthalmoscope against your right cheek with your right hand – when you move, your head, hand, and scope should move as one. Place the heel of your left hand firmly on the patient's forehead and spread your fingers out, providing stability. Position your left thumb gently over their right eye and lift the right eyelid open. Use your right hand and right eye to look at your patient's right eye, and vice versa. When using a PanOptic, steady the patient's head as usual and approach them from 6 inches away at a 15-20° angle. Do not worry about getting too close to the patient during this exam. You must be as close as possible to perform a detailed examination. Tell your patient where to look. Instruct your patient to gaze straight ahead and past you. Providing your patient with a specific spot to steady their gaze will relax the patient and prevent hurried eye movement that will disrupt your examination. Look for the red reflex. Hold the ophthalmoscope, still up to your eye, at about arm's length from the patient. Shine the light into the patient's right eye at about 15° from the center of the eye, and watch for the pupil to shrink. Then check to see if there is a red reflex. The red reflex is the reddish glint of light in the eye's pupil caused by reflection of light off the retina, like what you see in a cat's eye in the dark. Absence of a red reflex can mean there is a problem with the eye. As you look through the scope for the red reflex, you may need to adjust focus a bit depending on your own eyesight. Use the red reflex as a guide to start your exam of the retina. Moving your head, hand and scope as one unit, slowly follow the red reflex in closer to the patient's right eye. Stop moving forward when your forehead comes into contact with your left thumb. Following the red reflex should direct you to being able to visualize the retina. You may need to focus your scope to bring features of the eye into focus. Use your forefinger to turn the lens dial, as needed. Observe the optic disc. Use a “pivoting” motion to angle the ophthalmoscope left and right, and up and down. Observe the disc for color, shape, contour, margin clarity, cup-to-disc ratio, and condition of the blood vessels. If you have difficulty finding the optic disc, locate a blood vessel and follow it. Blood vessels will lead you to the optic disc. Look for cupping or swelling (edema) of the optic disc. Check the blood vessels and fundus for pathology. Pivot to examine the four quadrants of the eye: superotemporal (up and out), superonasal (up and in), inferotemporal (down and out), and inferonasal (down and in). Proceed slowly and carefully examine for signs of disease. This is by no means a complete listing, and you should use clinical judgment and knowledge during your exam, but watch for the following: AV nicking Hemorrhages or exudates Cotton wool spots Roth spot Retinal or venous occlusion Emboli Evaluate the macula and fovea last. Instruct your patient to look directly into the light. This can be uncomfortable, which is why it's saved for the end of the exam. The macula is responsible for central, focused vision, so visual acuity tests often indicate healthy or dysfunctional macula. The macula appears as a darker disc approximately in the center of the retina, with the fovea a bright point in the middle of the macula. Assess the other eye. Repeat the procedure on the other eye, and remember to switch which hand and eye you use for examination. Though some illnesses cause changes in both eyes, other problems may only show up in one eye; it's important to observe both carefully. Educate your patient. Explain any abnormalities that you noticed to your patient, what it might mean, and any further actions they should take. If mydriatic drops were used, instruct your patient they may experience light sensitivity and blurred vision for several hours. Remind them they should have someone drive them home. Provide them disposable sunglasses if they did not bring their own. Document your findings. Document everything that you saw in your examination, including specific notes on any abnormalities. It is often helpful to include pictures as visual cues to remember what you saw, and to compare to that patient's later exams to see how things have changed.	Determine if the ophthalmoscope is working properly. Select the appropriate setting. Focus the instrument using the focusing wheel. Explain the procedure to your patient. Wash your hands. Apply mydriatic drops, if necessary. Darken the room. Position yourself in relation to your patient. Situate your scope and approach to the patient correctly. Tell your patient where to look. Look for the red reflex. Use the red reflex as a guide to start your exam of the retina. Observe the optic disc. Check the blood vessels and fundus for pathology. Evaluate the macula and fovea last. Assess the other eye. Educate your patient. Document your findings.
https://www.wikihow.com/Crochet-the-Waffle-Stitch	How to Crochet the Waffle Stitch	If you've already done a foundation chain and want to crochet a waffle stitch, start by chaining 3 and turning your work. Double crochet into the first stitch, then do a front post double crochet stitch in the next stitch. Next, double crochet into the following 2 stitches, work a front post double crochet into the next stitch, and continue this pattern to the end. For your third row, double crochet the first stitch, make 2 front post double crochets into the next 2 stitches, and repeat until the end. Finally, alternate between the second and third row patterns until your work is done.	Chain a multiple of 3. You can make your waffle stitch crocheted item as small or as large as you want, but the starting chain needs to be a multiple of 3. Make a slipknot to get started and then yarn over and pull through the slipknot to make your first chain. Yarn over and pull through twice more to make your first 3 chain stitches. Keep chaining multiples of 3 until you are happy with the length. If you just want to practice this stitch, then try making a chain of 12. This will allow you to create a sample swatch. For a larger item, such as a washcloth, scarf, or blanket, make chains in multiples of 3 until the chain is the length that you want the finished project to be. Double crochet across the chain. To complete your foundation row, you will need to double crochet into each of the chains in your first row. Start with the third chain from the hook and double crochet to the end. To double crochet, yarn over the hook, then insert the hook into both of the top loops in the next stitch. Yarn over again and pull through 1 loop. Then, yarn over again and pull through 2 loops. Then, yarn over again and pull through the last 2 loops. Turn and chain 3. After you reach the end of the chain, turn your work and then chain 3 to begin the next row. This chain of 3 will provide slack to continue working your project. Double crochet into the next stitch. The first stitch you make for the second row will be a regular double crochet stitch. Work the stitch into the stitch next to the turning chain you have made. Go behind the next stitch to make a front post double crochet stitch. Next, you need to work a double crochet stitch into the back of one of your stitches from the previous row. This is called a front post double crochet stitch. The only difference between a front post double crochet stitch and regular double crochet stitch is that after you yarn over for the first time, you need to insert the hook behind the stitch rather than going into it. Insert your hook behind the stitch that is just below your next stitch. Then, yarn over again and complete the double crochet stitch as usual. Make sure to work the front post double crochet stitch behind the top of your last double crochet stitch, and not into the stitch. Working the stitch this way will push the yarn forward and help to form the waffle pattern. Double crochet into the next two stitches. After you complete the front post double crochet stitch, work a regular double crochet stitch into each of the next 2 stitches. These stitches will sit further back from the front post double crochet stitch and you should start to see the beginnings of a waffle pattern. Repeat the process to the end of the row. Continue to work 1 front post double crochet stitch followed by 2 regular double crochet stitches. Do this all the way to the end of the row. Chain 3 and turn. After you complete this row, make a chain of 3 and then turn your work around. This will serve as your turning chain and provide slack to begin the next row. Double crochet into the next stitch. You will be working the third row and all other odd rows on the wrong side (also known as the back side) of your project. Work a double crochet stitch into the stitch next to the chain of 3 you just made. Work a double crochet stitch into the front of the next two stitches. Follow up your first double crochet stitch with 2 front post double crochet stitches. Work these stitches behind each of the next 2 double crochet stitches in your row. Repeat this process to the end. Continue to work 1 double crochet stitch followed by 2 front post double crochet stitches all the way to the end of your third row. You should now notice a distinct waffle pattern on the right side of your work. Finish the row with a front post double crochet stitch. To complete your third row, work a front post double crochet stitch around the chain of 3 at the end of your row. This will have the same effect as the normal double crochet stitch that you are using to end your right side rows. Repeat the second and third rows. To keep working the waffle stitch, keep repeating the second and third rows. Do this until your crocheted piece reaches the desired size, and then tie off your last stitch and cut the excess yarn.	Chain a multiple of 3. Double crochet across the chain. Turn and chain 3. Double crochet into the next stitch. Go behind the next stitch to make a front post double crochet stitch. Double crochet into the next two stitches. Repeat the process to the end of the row. Chain 3 and turn. Double crochet into the next stitch. Work a double crochet stitch into the front of the next two stitches. Repeat this process to the end. Finish the row with a front post double crochet stitch. Repeat the second and third rows.
https://www.wikihow.com/Drive-a-New-Car	How to Drive a New Car	When driving a new car, take it easy on the engine and brakes to avoid any damage. Drive slowly for 5 to 10 minutes each time you start out to allow the engine to fully warm-up. It's also good to drive routes that require frequent stops and starts for the first 1,000 miles. This will smooth out the rough edges of the brakes and several engine components, like the cylinder walls. When stopping the car, ease into it as much as possible for the first few hundred miles.	Drive slowly for 5-10 minutes each time you start out. Letting the engine “loosen up” with some easy driving each time you get behind the wheel may help it reach peak performance sooner. When possible, drive around the neighborhood before hitting the freeway or otherwise taxing the engine or brakes. Idling doesn't count as a proper warmup — you need to drive the car. Try to keep up this practice for the first 1000 miles (1600 km). Decades ago, cars needed to be slowly and methodically “broken in” to let the engine settle into its full capabilities. New cars are built with much narrower tolerances (imperfections and the like), but simple things like warming up the engine with easy driving can still help. Use stop-and-go driving to wear in the engine and brakes. You may hate being stuck in traffic, but it's actually not a bad thing for your new car. Frequent stops and starts help to smooth out the rough edges of your brakes and several engine components — for instance, the engine cylinder walls. Seek out stop-and-go driving for the first 1000 miles (1600 km) or so. Then you can look for better ways to avoid rush hour traffic! Brake a little gentler and earlier. Normal driving conditions help wear in the brakes evenly, but limit high-speed stops and “riding the brake” unnecessarily for the first 100-200 miles (160-320 km). Also, your new car's brakes will inevitably feel different from what you're used to, so ease into stops whenever possible until you get accustomed to them. Test the car’s capabilities without maxing them out. Yes, it's okay to drive your new car fast — the days of keeping a new car under 55 mph (90 km/h) are long gone. Feel free to use the passing lane on the highway, or to tow or carry a moderate load. But don't test the car's maximum speed or haul an unreasonable amount. Make sure you're comfortable with your vehicle's mechanics before you drive it at high speeds. You should know how to adjust the mirrors, defog the windshield, and check your blind spots. Change the oil after 1,000 miles (1600 km). Some new cars may be calibrated to run for 6,000 miles (10,000 km) or more before the first oil change is recommended. However, you're likely to find metallic flakes in the removed oil, from the natural and necessary wearing down of rough edges and the like. And, in fact, you're likely to find these flakes in your oil almost immediately after you start driving. Get an oil change at 1,000 miles (1600 km), then again at the first recommended mileage. If you're really worried about grit in the oil doing damage, change the oil after 20 miles (32 km), 1,000 miles (1600 km), and then at the recommended mileage. Play with the cabin controls before leaving the car lot. Sit in your new vehicle for 15-20 minutes and take stock of your new environment. Practice turning on the radio, putting on your hazard lights, adjusting the wiper speed, turning on the air conditioner, and so on. Methodically adjust the seat, steering wheel, and mirrors (in that order) until they all feel just right. Skim through the owner’s manual while you sit in the car. Don't wait until there's a problem before you open up the guidebook in your glove box. If you're not quite sure what a certain button does, or what that light on your display means, take a little time to consult the owner's manual. Figure out what your new car can do, and how exactly you can get it to do those things. Check the condition of the tires before driving the car. Your new car should have new tires, but it's always a good idea to check the air pressure and make sure the treads look new and even. Also, for the first 3-5 miles (5-8 km), the tires may be slightly slick due to a moulding release agent from the manufacturing process. So try to avoid high speed turns or sudden stops on the way home from the dealership. Do a safety feature checklist every time you get in the car. Give yourself a quick quiz: Where is the button for my hazard lights? How do I turn on the defroster? Where's the switch for my high beams? What does it mean if this light is flashing? Taking your eyes off the road to figure out how to make your wipers go faster can easily lead to an accident. Especially if you had your old car for a long time, you need to erase the muscle memory of where to reach to adjust this or that, and instill new instinctive moves. Keep checking the views from your new vantage point. Unless you bought the same model again, your new car probably places you higher or lower off the ground than before. This means your view forward and in every direction will be somewhat different. Keep making minor tweaks to your seat and mirrors during your first month or two of driving, paying special attention to blind spots. Over time, this new perspective will feel like home. Practice your parallel parking before trying it for real. The view out of the back windshield will be different in your new car, and you won't know exactly where your back bumper is yet. Also, since the steering, gas pedal, and brakes will all be a bit unfamiliar, it can even harder to squeeze into tight parking spots. Instead of bumping into parked cars, pretend you're studying for your driver's license test and set out some orange cones in an empty parking lot. Drive safely no matter how new or old your car is. New cars keep coming out with better and better safety features, but the best safety feature is still avoiding an accident in the first place. Wear your seatbelt every time. Obey speed limits and traffic laws. Put down your smartphone and other distractions. Follow at a safe distance. Pay attention to your surroundings at all times. Adjust your driving to suit the weather conditions. Never drive under the influence of impairing substances.	Drive slowly for 5-10 minutes each time you start out. Use stop-and-go driving to wear in the engine and brakes. Brake a little gentler and earlier. Test the car’s capabilities without maxing them out. Change the oil after 1,000 miles (1600 km). Play with the cabin controls before leaving the car lot. Skim through the owner’s manual while you sit in the car. Check the condition of the tires before driving the car. Do a safety feature checklist every time you get in the car. Keep checking the views from your new vantage point. Practice your parallel parking before trying it for real. Drive safely no matter how new or old your car is.
https://www.wikihow.com/Choose-the-Right-Sperm-Donor	How to Choose the Right Sperm Donor	To choose the right sperm donor, first rank a list of ideal donor traits, from physical characteristics to intellect and personality. If you want an anonymous donor, find a sperm bank with policies that you approve of and look for a donor that hits your must-have criteria. If you prefer the donor to be someone you know, ask them in private and explain what you'd want their role to be. Vet their medical history and draw up a contract with a family law attorney to delineate your rights.	Choose a donor you like physically. Physical appearance is a major factor many people think of when choosing a donor. You might want a donor with a particular height and weight, hair and eye color, ethnicity, and more, and it's totally fine to look for these characteristics when searching. Think about what your ideal donor might look like and start jotting down those traits. Some people want a donor that looks similar to you or your partner, so take this into consideration as well. If you're using a sperm bank, you won't be able to see what the donor looks like now, but you can read verbal descriptions and often see their baby photos or see their celebrity lookalikes. Look for someone with talents and a personality you like. For many, a donor's personality and talents are just as important as their physical appearance. Think about whether you want a donor that's athletic or musical, has a great sense of humor or a lot of compassion. Look for these qualities in donor question-and-answer sections, interviews with staff, and their stated interests. Many of these traits haven't been proven to be passed down genetically, but many people feel more comfortable choosing a donor with a personality they like. Find a donor with an education and background you approve of. You may want to choose a donor with a higher IQ, one that graduated from college, or one that has an interesting or intellectually stimulating career. Again, there's no guarantee that your child will inherit these traits, but it can still feel better to choose someone who's smart and successful as your donor. Use a donor with a healthy medical background. Other traits aside, it's essential that you choose a donor with a good medical history, both personally and within their family. Look for someone with no immediate family history of genetic or infectious diseases, addiction, or major health conditions to ensure your baby is as healthy as possible. If you use a sperm bank, the donor's medical history will almost always be checked out beforehand. Remember that there’s no guarantee that your child will have your donor’s traits. With both physical and personality or intellectual traits, you never know what your child will inherit from the donor. However, many people tend to go for the traits they like best with the mentality that they're at least giving their child a good shot of inheriting them. Rank your ideal donor traits in order of importance. Once you've figured out your ideal donor characteristics, arrange them into a list. Rank the traits from most to least important and decide on your top 3 “must-have” traits. Ranking the characteristics helps you see which are your priorities, just in case you have to be more flexible. Keep your expectations realistic. It's unlikely that you'll find a donor that fulfills all your ideal traits, but you can definitely find one that hits the most important ones. Don’t worry if your priorities change. When you start your search, you could realize that the traits you think are the most important might not actually be your priorities. This is normal. Don't be afraid to revise your list as you go and be open to new priorities. For example, maybe you went in prioritizing education and realize that you're more drawn to a sense of humor or generous personality. Whatever it is, feel free to refocus your search on new criteria when you need to. Choose from a sperm bank to look at pre-screened donors. One of the advantages of choosing a donor from a sperm bank is that your options are thoroughly vetted beforehand for health issues like family health backgrounds, addictions, or infectious and genetic diseases. They'll also provide extra information, like physical characteristics and personality descriptions, job, education, and more. Choosing through a sperm bank also ensures that the bank can take care of the legal and scientific steps of setting up the donation, freezing the sperm, and more. Choose a sperm bank that fits with your policy preferences. When you're researching sperm bank options, find out what kind of donor information they release, if they maintain donor information over time, and if they provide support for children, parents, and donors after birth. See what the bank's offspring limit is and how they track the outcome of donations. Look up reviews online for objective opinions on a sperm bank. All reliable sperm banks should test donors for sexually transmitted diseases and genetic illnesses; give donors annual physicals; and provide personal and family medical history for each donor. Call the sperm bank directly if you have any questions. Make an account to use the bank’s full services. Most sperm banks allow you to look at donors before making an account, seeing things like their occupation and physical characteristics. You can typically see even more information with an account, including voice and conversation samples, childhood photos, staff reviews, and celebrity lookalikes. Look online or call the bank to see how to set up an online account. It typically won't be connected to the account you'll need to purchase vials from the sperm bank; think of this as your browsing account. Browse through your sperm donor options. With your ranked list of traits in hand, use the filter options on the site to start narrowing down your list of potential donors. Look at each profile closely to see what criteria the donor meets, bookmarking donors that you think are promising. Focus on meeting the “must-haves” from your list of characteristics. You probably won't find a donor that perfectly matches all of your criteria, but you can definitely find one that meets your top points. Ask trusted friends or family members if you need an outside opinion. The more profiles you look at, the more difficult your search can get. If you're feeling overwhelmed by your options or aren't sure what you want anymore, don't be afraid to call a close friend or family member for advice. Say something like, “I'm hitting a wall in my donor search. I have a few guys who are great, but no one stands out like I thought they would. You know me better than anyone; can you come over and take a look?” You can ask them to narrow your list of donors to their top 5 or 10, review your search criteria, or anything else you feel comfortable getting help with. Choose a donor that meets your criteria and feels right. Once you've narrowed down your list to 2-3 options, review your criteria carefully one last time. You want a donor that matches your priorities, but you should also use your instincts. Which donor reminds you of the friends and family that you love? Which one feels like the right choice? There's no way to know how much the sperm donor will affect the identity of your child, but you do know that by raising and loving your child, you can help them become a great person, no matter what their genetic makeup. Once you've chosen, go onto your sperm bank's website or call them to purchase the sperm. Choose someone you know if you want them to have a relationship with your child. Some people decide to go with a known donor if they feel close to that person, or want them to be part of their child's life. Choosing a known donor can be exciting, but it comes with its own challenges, such as a higher cost and possible legal complications. This process can be costly, approaching up to $5,000, since you'll need to pay to have the donor's sperm frozen and tested for infectious diseases. Look up donor insemination laws in your state. Laws on parental rights and sperm donors vary by state, so look up yours before you make the decision to ask a known donor. Typically, a child conceived through artificial insemination with a donor that's not the woman's husband will not be considered the donor's child; the donor won't have parental rights. You and the donor should sign a legal agreement specifying the terms of the donation, even if it aligns with state law. You should also have the insemination done at a medical facility to ensure that you have other witnesses, such as a doctor, in case of any issues of parental rights. Think of someone you know who would hit most of your major criteria. When you're ready to start choosing your donor, make a ranked list of the things you want in a donor, including physical, intellectual, and emotional characteristics. Make a list of men you know who could be potential sperm donors, then start narrowing them down based on who hits your top traits and feels the most right. If you want, ask for an outside opinion from a close friend or family member to help you make your choice. Think about things like whether the potential donor is loving, smart, physically healthy, and a good person. Ask the man if he’s willing to be your sperm donor. When you've made your choice, ask the potential donor to talk to you one-on-one. Tell him that you want to have a child via artificial insemination, and that you'd really like him to be your sperm donor. Give him a few reasons why, then start laying down your expectations for his role in the child's life and see if he's OK with them. For example, you start off with something like, “You know I've been wanting to have a kid for a while now, right? Well, I've decided to do it by artificial insemination, and I wanted to know if you'd be the sperm donor.” Follow up by saying, “You're kind, smart, and handsome, which are all things I'd want in my child. But I know this is a hard ask, because I really wouldn't want you to act like a father or anything more than a family friend.” Lay out what you want his rights to be. A tricky part of choosing a donor that you know is working out your different priorities as far as how present he'll be in your child's life. He might want to be part of the child's life, for example, while you'd rather he stay separate. This is a tough thing to talk about, but essential to discuss and resolve before you get further in the process. Bring it up by saying something like, “But before we go any further, I wanted to talk about what your rights would be.” Be compassionate and gentle when he talks about his preferences. Listen to and consider what he has to say rather than rejecting it right away. Discuss your viewpoints and see if you can resolve your disagreement. If not, he may not be the right donor for you. Ask him about his medical and family history. Even if he agrees to the idea of being your donor, you still need to make sure he's healthy enough. Ask for a documented medical history for both him and his family, and about any smoking, drinking, or drug use habits. You should also ask that he gets tested for sexually transmitted diseases and take a fertility test. These questions might seem awkward, but they're crucial to ensure the health of your child. Say something like, “I need to know a lot about your medical and health background before I can make this choice for sure. Can you get me copies of your and your family's full medical histories?” Thank him for his understanding and openness. Talk to an attorney to make a contract that will satisfy you and the donor. When you've verified that your donor is healthy, it's time to make it official. Contact a family law attorney and tell them that you're planning to have a child with sperm from a known donor, and that you want to draw up a sperm donor contract to make sure that your and your child's rights are officially documented and protected. The law can be tricky in this area, so don't be afraid to ask the lawyer any questions you might have about sperm donors and parental rights. Explain to the donor that you're doing this as a legal and official way to document your agreement. Be upfront about all your expectations so that they don't get any surprises when you put together the contract. Choose a sperm bank to freeze and test his sperm. Look for a sperm bank that offers services for known donors, which may also be called designated or directed donors. Most banks require screening and testing of known donors that's just as rigorous as with anonymous donors, particularly for health issues. The donor will typically need to fill out several health forms, go in for a physical consultation and testing for diseases, and have a semen and eligibility analysis done. When the donor passes these examinations, they'll donate their samples and their sperm will typically be “quarantined” for 6 months to officially clear them for use.	Choose a donor you like physically. Look for someone with talents and a personality you like. Find a donor with an education and background you approve of. Use a donor with a healthy medical background. Remember that there’s no guarantee that your child will have your donor’s traits. Rank your ideal donor traits in order of importance. Don’t worry if your priorities change. Choose from a sperm bank to look at pre-screened donors. Choose a sperm bank that fits with your policy preferences. Make an account to use the bank’s full services. Browse through your sperm donor options. Ask trusted friends or family members if you need an outside opinion. Choose a donor that meets your criteria and feels right. Choose someone you know if you want them to have a relationship with your child. Look up donor insemination laws in your state. Think of someone you know who would hit most of your major criteria. Ask the man if he’s willing to be your sperm donor. Lay out what you want his rights to be. Ask him about his medical and family history. Talk to an attorney to make a contract that will satisfy you and the donor. Choose a sperm bank to freeze and test his sperm.
https://www.wikihow.com/Calculate-Inflation	How to Calculate Inflation	To calculate inflation, start by subtracting the current price of a good from the historical price of the same good. Then, divide that number by the current price of the good. Finally, multiply that number by 100 and write your answer as a percentage. For example, if bread cost $2 USD in 2018 and $1 USD in 2010, you would subtract 1 from 2 and get 1. Then, you would divide 1 by 2 and get 0.5. Finally, you would multiply 0.5 by 100 and get 50 percent.	Choose the locations where you want to measure inflation. Often, you'll want to look at inflation in your own country. However, you might also want to look at the rate of inflation locally, compare the rate of inflation in your city to inflation nationwide, or compare the rate of inflation in your country to the rate in another country. The prices you choose to measure inflation depend on the place where you want to measure. Your location also impacts the currency. For example, if you wanted to compare the rate of inflation between the US and Australia, you would measure US inflation in US dollars and Australian inflation in Australian dollars. Since the rate itself is expressed as a percentage, it doesn't matter that you're comparing different currencies. Use the price index for the population and industry you're calculating inflation for. The most common inflation formula uses data from the Consumer Price Index (CPI). However, there are many different CPIs. Each country produces its own CPI and various cities and regions may also produce their own CPI data. CPIs may be further divided by population. For example, in the US, you can use the CPI-U, which measures consumer prices for all urban consumers in the US, or the CPI-W, which measures consumer prices for a subset of urban consumers who earn more than half of their income from clerical or wage-earning occupations. The CPI provides an average of a "basket" of goods commonly purchased by the population measured. There are other indexes available for specific industries. For example, if you were calculating inflation for a cost estimate for a construction project, you might use the Construction Cost Index (CCI). Find index numbers for the period over which you want to measure inflation. Inflation is always measured over a specific timeframe. It could be months, years, or even decades. You'll need the starting point and the ending point for that time frame. Your result will tell you how rapidly prices increased during that time. For example, if you wanted to measure inflation over the course of a year, you would need the CPI number for the previous year and the CPI number for the target year. Your rate would tell you how rapidly prices increased during that year. Plug your variables into the formula to calculate inflation. The formula for inflation is a ratio of the later CPI minus the earlier CPI over the earlier CPI. After you divide the difference between the 2 CPIs by the earlier CPI, multiply the result by 100 to find the rate of inflation. The basic formula (without specific variables) looks like this: L a t e r C P I − E a r l i e r C P I E a r l i e r C P I ∗ 100 {\displaystyle {\frac {LaterCPI-EarlierCPI}{EarlierCPI}}*100} Subtract the index number for the earlier period from the index number for the later period. The formula is a bit easier to understand if you go through it step by step. Start by finding the difference between the earlier CPI and the later CPI. For example, suppose you're using the Australian CPI and want to measure the rate of inflation between the 4th quarter of 2010 and the 4th quarter of 2018. The index number for 2010 is 96.9 and the index number for 2018 is 114.1. Therefore, you would subtract 96.9 (the earlier CPI) from 114.1 (the later CPI) to get 17.2. If the result is a negative number, you have deflation rather than inflation. This means that for the period you're looking at, prices actually decreased and money increased in value. Divide the result by the index number for the later period. Now that you have a number for the top of your ratio, all you have to do is divide to get a decimal number. In the next step, you'll turn this decimal number into a percentage. To continue the example, you subtracted 96.9 from 114.1 to get 17.2. If you divide 17.2 by the earlier CPI of 96.9, you get 0.1775 (rounded). Multiply the outcome by 100 to get the inflation percentage. Inflation is expressed as a percentage, which gives you a measure of how rapidly prices increased during that period of time. Multiplying the decimal by 100 will get you that percentage. Continuing with the same example, if you multiply 0.1775 by 100, you get 17.75%. Therefore, the rate of inflation in Australia from 2010 to 2018 was 17.75%. Another way to turn a decimal into a percentage is to simply move the decimal over 2 digits to the right. Create a ratio of current CPI to your target CPI. If you want to determine how much something would cost in "today's dollars," start by dividing the most recent CPI by the CPI for the year you want to adjust. This can be either a past year or a projected number for a future year. As with calculating inflation, you can do this for different periods of time. For example, you could determine the value over a 4-month period. You just need a beginning date and an ending date. For example, if you wanted to find out what something that cost $50 in 1984 would cost in 2019, you would start by dividing the CPI for 2019 (255.657) by the CPI for 1984 (103.9) to get 2.46 (rounded). To find out what something that cost $50 in 2019 would cost in 1984, simply flip the numbers in your ratio and divide the CPI for 1984 (103.9) by the CPI for 2019 (255.657) to get 0.40. Multiply the value by your ratio to find the present-day value. The result of your ratio tells you what to multiply your value by if you want to find out how much that thing would cost (or how much that amount of money would be worth) currently. To continue the previous example, you would multiply $50 by 2.46 to get $123. This tells you that what cost $50 in 1984 would cost around $123 in 2019. If you flipped the numbers to get 0.40, you'd find that what cost $50 in 2019 would cost $20 in 1984. You can use the adjustment formula to find out the value for something at any time, not just the present day. Just sub the period you want for the "current CPI" in the equation. For example, something that cost $50 in 1920 (CPI 20.0) would cost $326.75 in 1990 (CPI 130.7) because $50 x (130.7/20.0) = $326.75. Apply the adjustment formula to a series of values to control for inflation. If you're working with a set of values over many years, you'll get a better sense of how those values have changed if you remove inflation. This gives you a real comparison of how much things cost over time. Choose a year you want to use (typically either the current year or the most recent year in the set), then complete the calculation for each of the numbers in the set. When you've finished, you'll have a set of amounts adjusted for inflation. All of these amounts are said to be in that year's currency value. Adjusting for inflation makes the prices more understandable to you and your audience. For example, the price of gas in 1950 was only 27 cents a gallon, which might sound incredibly inexpensive. However, adjusted for inflation, that price would be $2.86 in 2019 dollars — not much different from what you currently pay for gas in the US. If you were comparing American gasoline prices for every year from 1950 to 2019, you would apply the adjustment formula for each year (except for 2019, which is already in 2019 dollars). Your resulting table would be in constant 2019 dollars. Most spreadsheet programs have a formula you can use that will do these calculations for you so you don't have to do them all by hand. Set that formula as the value for one column of your spreadsheet and the result will automatically appear.	Choose the locations where you want to measure inflation. Use the price index for the population and industry you're calculating inflation for. Find index numbers for the period over which you want to measure inflation. Plug your variables into the formula to calculate inflation. Subtract the index number for the earlier period from the index number for the later period. Divide the result by the index number for the later period. Multiply the outcome by 100 to get the inflation percentage. Create a ratio of current CPI to your target CPI. Multiply the value by your ratio to find the present-day value. Apply the adjustment formula to a series of values to control for inflation.
https://www.wikihow.com/Prevent-Parasites-in-Horses	How to Prevent Parasites in Horses	To prevent your horse from getting parasites, make sure to keep its stall clean to get rid of any larvae. If your horse eats off the ground, put its food in a rack or trough instead to get rid of any parasite larvae that might be in there. Ask your vet for help developing a personal deworming program to kill any parasites your horse might accidentally ingest. You can also arrange to take regular fecal samples to your vet to monitor your horse's health and help you choose the best dewormers.	Develop a deworming program with your vet. Antiparasitics, commonly known as dewormers, kill parasites in different ways, including paralysis and interrupting the life cycle. Many types of dewormers are available and they come in several formulations (e.g., oral paste, feed additives). In addition, there are various strategies to give dewormers, including rotating drug types several times a year and targeting specific parasites. Examples of dewormers are ivermectin, fenbendazole, and pyrantel pamoate. There is no “one size fits all” deworming program for horses. Your vet will recommend an individualized deworming strategy for each horse. This strategy will depend on various factors, such as your geographic location, the number and ages of your horses, and the results of parasite tests. Follow all of your vet's instructions carefully, and do not give your horses any deworming medications without your vet's recommendation. Use caution when deworming foals. Foals are especially susceptible to parasites called ascarids, which are thick, white worms that can grow up to 1 foot (30.5 cm) long. Ascarids can cause poor body condition, including a rough coat, colic (abdominal pain), and respiratory problems. To help a foal grow into a healthy adult, start deworming it at 4‒8 weeks of age and repeat every 30‒60 days, or according to your vet's recommended deworming schedule. Do not give daily dewormers to your foal. Foals need some exposure to internal parasites so they can build up immunity to the parasites. A daily dewormer would kill the parasites before immunity could develop, possibly causing more severe reactions to parasites later in life. Treat and quarantine all new horses. To prevent the introduction of parasites into your horse's environment, quarantine and deworm new horses. Your vet will recommend how long the new horses should be quarantined and dewormed before being introduced to your other horses. Have your vet perform regular fecal exams. Regular fecal exams are essential to an effective deworming program. Before beginning the deworming program, a fecal exam will allow your vet to identify specific parasites, determine the severity of infestation, and decide which dewormers to prescribe. During the deworming program, regular fecal exams will help your vet determine if the dewormers are effective and if you should give them more or less frequently. Your vet will examine a sample of fresh manure to identify parasites and count the number of parasite eggs. Twice-yearly fecal exams are recommended, but your vet will let you know how often they would like to perform the exams. Be aware that a negative fecal sample does not always mean that your horse is free of internal parasites. Some parasites have developed resistance to certain dewormers. High parasite egg counts could indicate dewormer resistance. Ask your vet about insecticide treatments. In addition to worms, horses may suffer from a variety of external and internal insect infestations. For example, if bot flies lay their eggs in your horse's coat, the larvae may be ingested by the horse and burrow into the lining of the horse's mouth and stomach. Insecticide treatments can break the life cycles of bot flies and other insect pests. Depending on the type of infestation, your vet may recommend that you: Use an external insecticide, such as Ivermectin paste. Always follow your vet's application directions carefully, and wear appropriate protective attire (such as gloves). Use an oral insecticide, such as a feed additive or bolus, or an injected insecticide. Treat your horse's living area with insecticides to prevent infestations. Use the insecticide at regular intervals, when the parasites are most likely to lay eggs. This time period may vary according to the parasite species and your geographic location. Your vet can help you determine when to use the insecticide. Group horses together according to age. Foals have weaker immune systems than those of adult horses. Therefore, foals could get very sick if they graze with adults in a pasture area that has a heavy parasite load. If you have multiple horses, put them in groups according to age before turning them out to pasture. This will decrease the likelihood of foals getting exposed to heavy parasite loads. If a horse has internal parasites, the eggs can pass through the feces and hatch into larvae (developmental stage before adults) on the ground. While grazing, a horse could ingest these larvae, which would develop into adults in the intestines. Perform pasture rotation. Pasture rotation involves moving horses from pastures with a heavy parasite load to those with fewer parasites. It also prevents overgrazing, which increases the chances of a horse ingesting parasite larvae. Deworm your horses before moving them to a new pasture to prevent contaminating the new pasture with parasites. If you have foals, move them to the cleanest pasture to minimize their exposure to parasites. Other tips for pasture rotation include: Dividing your pasture areas into multiple sections. Moving your horses when the grass in the current pasture area is 3-4 inches (8-10 cm) high. Mowing the grass after moving your horses to a new pasture. Allowing the grass to grow back to about 8 inches (20 cm) before putting your horses back in that pasture area. Have sheep, goats, or cows graze after your horses. Sheep, goats, and cows (collectively known as 'ruminants') will not get sick if they ingest horse parasite larvae. Therefore, they can graze in pastures after horses without a problem. As they graze, the ruminants will decrease a pasture's parasite load. Have the ruminants graze after moving your horses to a new pasture area. Do not overcrowd pasture areas. If there are too many horses in 1 area of pasture, that area could get overgrazed, increasing the likelihood of parasite larvae ingestion. There is no universal standard for the number of horses per unit of land, so your vet can help you determine how much grazing area each of your horses should have. Remove manure regularly. Manure management is key to preventing parasites in horses. Remove manure weekly from pasture. After removal, either compost and spread it or discard it. Because 1 horse can produce as much as 40‒50 pounds (18‒23 kilograms) of manure per day, regularly removing manure from your pastures is important. Spreading the manure dries out and kills parasite larvae. If you spread the manure after composting it, do not spread it in the areas where your horses graze. Your local agriculture extension department can provide guidance on proper spreading of manure. Contact a professional manure removal company if you are not able to compost and reuse the manure. Clean your horse’s stall regularly. When horses defecate in their stalls, parasite larvae can crawl up the sides of the stall walls. If your horse licks the walls, it could ingest the larvae and become infected. Clean the stall to prevent parasite infections. At a minimum, muck the stalls once a day. Tips for cleaning horse stalls are below: Use proper cleaning equipment: metal pitchfork, broom, scrub brush, a large bucket to hold the manure, and a wheelbarrow. Keep your horse out of the stall when cleaning. Either tie up your horse outside the stall or put it out on pasture. Remove the manure with the pitchfork and place the manure in the wheelbarrow. Sift the bedding through the pitchfork to minimize how much bedding you need to replace. Clean the water bucket with clean water and a scrub brush. For an intensive cleaning, remove everything from the stall to sweep and disinfect the floors and walls. Disinfect the water bucket as well. Allow the stall to dry completely before restocking the stall. 10% bleach is a good disinfectant. Feed your horse from a rack or trough. If your horse eats off the ground, it could ingest parasite larvae while eating. To prevent this, put your horse's food in a rack or trough. Clean the rack or trough regularly with clean water and a scrub brush. Remove bot eggs from your horse’s coat. Adult bot flies tend to lay their eggs on the insides of a horse's knees, where a horse could easily lick them up. The eggs are tiny and white. To remove them, you can use a fine-toothed comb or a dull blade. If you use a dull blade, be careful not nick your horse's skin and cause bleeding. Bot knives are also available that can remove the eggs. In addition, you could use sandpaper or a synthetic stone grooming block.	Develop a deworming program with your vet. Use caution when deworming foals. Treat and quarantine all new horses. Have your vet perform regular fecal exams. Ask your vet about insecticide treatments. Group horses together according to age. Perform pasture rotation. Have sheep, goats, or cows graze after your horses. Do not overcrowd pasture areas. Remove manure regularly. Clean your horse’s stall regularly. Feed your horse from a rack or trough. Remove bot eggs from your horse’s coat.
https://www.wikihow.com/Succeed-in-Medical-School	How to Succeed in Medical School	To succeed in medical school, try to join your school's mentoring program so you can learn from more experienced students or medical doctors. You can also improve your studying by practicing active learning, which means you should question the material, rather than absorbing it passively as you may have done in your undergrad. If you want to gain extra experience for your residency application, take advantage of volunteering opportunities at the university's counseling center or health clinic.	Find which learning methods work best for you. Even though you already have a few years of college education under your belt, medical school will be a very different challenge. Using the same study skills you used through your earlier undergraduate years may not suffice anymore. You may need to experiment with different studying methods and see which works best for you as a medical student. Make sure you are learning and studying actively rather than passively. Active learning requires you to ask questions about the material you are learning. You might consider: “What about this section of material is important? How do I fit this piece in with the larger picture of what I'm studying? What is the exact meaning of this?” Passive learning, on the other hand, might entail simply re-reading notes or going through the textbook with a highlighter. Incorporating studying into other daily activities can be helpful, as well. Try listening to recorded lectures a second time on your phone while working out at the gym, or while doing chores around the house. Success in medical school is often tied to how much time can be devoted to learning a topic, and trying hard consistently. Develop more effective approaches to studying. In addition to better understanding your own learning methods, you also need to work on studying smarter and more effectively. Use lectures, textbooks, and notes in varying ways until you find the way that works best for you. Pay special attention to the diagrams and figures in your textbooks. These are great visual representations of the reading, and understanding these images can be crucial to getting a full understanding of the concepts. This is quite important that you correlate concepts and structures in the anatomy atlas. Use textbooks as a reference point when going over lecture notes or handouts. If you are having trouble understanding something from class, use the textbook to clarify things. Spend time each day writing a brief summary of your lectures. Make sure you understand the key points that your professor wanted you to take away from it. Write down questions you still have and see if the textbook can offer some answers, and if it can't, discuss these points with your professor or classmates. Avoid pulling all-nighters, even if that may have worked when you were an undergraduate. Tests in medical school are going to be a lot more in-depth and more complicated, and they are often cumulative. Studying steadily over the course of the week will be more effective. Stay organized. Medical school is notable for an exceedingly large amount of information to be learned, and at times much of the information will seem unrelated. You will need to constantly integrate information between textbooks, lecture notes, labs, and lecture slides that do not always consistently integrate in real-time. Try tutoring. Either end of the tutoring equation can be helpful; you can gain insight and experience from being tutored just as well as doing the tutoring yourself. If your school has a tutoring center, visit it and see what kind of opportunities exist there. Tutoring and study groups serve a great purpose during medical school, as they can help you remember that you are not going through this difficult process all alone. There are other students just like you, and just having that support group can help ease some of the pressure and stress. Attend class consistently. You may have already learned this lesson as an undergraduate student, but in medical school especially, attendance has a great deal of influence on the level of success a student can achieve. If you are not present to learn the material through instruction, your success will most definitely begin to diminish. Not only can poor attendance affect your grades and success, but it can also reflect poorly on you as a professional. As a medical student, you are in training to become a medical professional, and you need to begin working on your professional demeanor and establishing professional habits—which includes being where you are meant to be, and being there on time. Set a schedule for schoolwork. Try to schedule time both before and after each class to preview and look back over notes and material for that class. This will help you get engaged with the material prior to the lesson beginning, and then help it settle into your memory more by looking over it again after the lesson ends. Make sure you schedule important or difficult tasks, like studying or schoolwork, for periods of the day when you know you will be the most awake and ready to work. For example, you won't want to schedule time to study for a test right before bed when you are likely to be tired and ready to sleep. Schedule these difficult or challenging things first, and then plan to do less taxing things later on. Set a schedule for personal time. Planning a set schedule for the time you will spend outside of the classroom is just as important as following your class schedule. Setting a schedule for things like study time, personal time, and appointments will help you maintain good habits and be less likely to forget to complete or work on something important. Use an online calendar or an app on your smartphone to maintain your schedule. Mark in appointments, group classes at the gym, and lunch with friends. Having these personal things marked will help you better out your studying schedule while still maintaining time for yourself and taking care of things you need to do. Be mindful of your strengths and weaknesses. Everyone has things that they are exceptional at, and other things that they have to work a little harder on. As a medical student, you probably have had a pretty successful academic career so far, so getting a low grade on something in medical school might feel a bit discouraging or upsetting. But, rather than focusing on these weaker areas and letting them consume you, try your best to better yourself in them, while still recognizing and playing off your strengths in other areas. Don't lose sight of the subjects you really excel at in an attempt to pour yourself into the subjects you are struggling in. Keep a balanced study routine and do your best in all subjects. To succeed in med school it's important you keep a good attitude and remain enthusiastic. This will help you stay motivated and being interested in the material will help you retain it better. Seek out a few mentors. Most schools will likely have a mentoring program you can enroll in to be matched with older students or established medical doctors that can advise you and help you along your way through school. If your school doesn't have one, try networking around your program. Professors might have suggestions for mentors in the community that they can help you connect with. Establishing a relationship with a few mentors can bring some great benefits. You will know other established doctors upon your graduation and you will have a handful of people to call on when you might need recommendation letters for residency applications. Be willing to branch out and explore. This includes exploring different medical fields as well as exploring the world around you. Some programs might offer study abroad opportunities that can give you a chance to learn about other cultures and the medical professionals that serve them. Even if you want to specialize in a certain field, learn as much as you can from other fields as well. Taking on a research project in another specialization or taking classes outside of your specific field can help give you a well-rounded education while it's available to you. See your advisor often. Just like you did through your undergraduate years, you will have a faculty or department advisor through medical school who will help you direct your course of study and keep you on track academically. But more than that, she has likely been through medical school herself, and will have a clear idea of how to help you succeed, as well as being able to offer valuable advice and insight. Your advisor is another very important professional relationship you should work on fostering and maintaining through medical school. She can be of great assistance to you both while you are in the program and after you finish and are working on residency applications. Take advantage of campus resources. Student organizations are great opportunities to bulk up your residency applications, as well as gain some practical experience in the community. Your program/campus likely has a few established organizations specifically geared towards medical students. Most universities have a great deal of other valuable resources for students, as well, including counseling centers, health clinics, and recreation centers. You will likely be paying a student fee for these things anyway, so you might as well take advantage of them! Engage in volunteer work. Just like you probably sought out volunteer opportunities when working on your medical school applications, you should keep doing so through medical school. They can help enhance your residency applications, but they can also enrich your learning experience by giving you valuable and practical experience with members of your community. Volunteering is yet another way to find a mentor if your program doesn't have a mentorship program. It can connect you with doctors in the area and help you establish relationships with people outside of your program. Prepare for what comes next. Medical school is just a step on your way to a residency and taking the licensing exam. After you pass your exam and get matched with a residency, you will need to be prepared for the hectic, exhausting schedule that often comes with your first year as a resident. Start preparing for your licensing exam in your first year of medical school. Passing this exam and landing a residency should be your goals for med school, so you should have both of these things in mind throughout the entire process. Work with mentors and professors to decide where you might fit best in a residency, and for help with your applications when the time comes. Take practice licensing exams and attend any seminars offered at your program to prepare for the test. Residency often entails long hours and work weeks, so make sure you get into the habit of taking care of yourself and maintaining your personal wellness through medical school in preparation for residency. Take time for yourself. Medical school can oftentimes feel all-consuming; it takes up so much of your time that you may feel like you have none leftover for yourself. This is why it's important to make time for yourself, even if you have to schedule little moments to yourself here and there. You want to balance your academic and personal life so you don't end up burned out or too overwhelmed. Have an activity that you enjoy doing that you can resort to when you need a break. Whether it's reading a book for fun, going for a bike ride or taking a jog, or even just making yourself a home-cooked meal, make sure you allow yourself the luxury of personal time now and then. Have friends that are not medical students. In medical school, it can be easy to settle into a kind of social bubble with the other students in your cohort. You might find that these people become your only friends, as you spend most of your time with them. But, it's important to keep friends that are not doctors, or training to be doctors. You want to give yourself a chance to disconnect from it now and then and have conversations that don't revolve around what you're working on or learning in school. Taking time away from campus and the people you are constantly around will help you gain some perspective on the whole experience of medical school. By taking a step back, you can get a better idea of what you're doing and why you're doing it, so taking time away now and then is really important. Exercise. Make sure you work regular exercise into your schedule. There are ways to incorporate exercise without neglecting your studies, like reading a textbook while you walk on the treadmill, or listening to a lecture in your headphones while you work out. Exercise can help you stay physically healthy, while also helping to reduce stress. Getting adequate sleep goes hand-in-hand with getting exercise when working towards maintaining good physical health. Especially as a medical student, you need to make sure you are getting enough rest so you can perform your best academically. Eat well. Try your best to eat fresh foods rather than processed. Rather than grabbing that sugary snack on the way out the door, grab a piece of fresh fruit instead. Make time to eat a properly balanced meal as often as you can each week. It may seem like processed or sugary foods are the easiest option, especially as a busy (and probably a bit financially strained) medical student. But, working in fresh foods when it's possible can make a big difference in your overall health and well-being. Live off-campus. Staying as close to campus as possible might seem like the best option when taking on a demanding medical school course schedule, but living outside of campus housing will probably be the better choice. You will limit the distractions that often come with living in dorms and student housing, and give yourself the physical and mental space you need to unwind each day from the stress of school. If you need to take on a roommate to help pay the rent, try to room with another medical student. Not only will you have a built-in support system with someone who understands the stress you're dealing with, but they will likely have similar study habits and ambitions, so you will likely have far fewer distractions. Avoid taking things personally. Medical school brings about an entirely new hierarchy that you will need to adjust to. Don't be offended if older students or doctors brush you off. Try not to let yourself get too discouraged if you aren't at the very top of your class right away. Medical school is an immense challenge, and it will take time, practice, hard work, and dedication to succeed. Remember to periodically take inventory of all the successes you have had so far. Remind yourself that you have already done an immense amount of hard work to get to where you are, and that alone is proof that you are capable.	Find which learning methods work best for you. Develop more effective approaches to studying. Try tutoring. Attend class consistently. Set a schedule for schoolwork. Set a schedule for personal time. Be mindful of your strengths and weaknesses. Seek out a few mentors. Be willing to branch out and explore. See your advisor often. Take advantage of campus resources. Engage in volunteer work. Prepare for what comes next. Take time for yourself. Have friends that are not medical students. Exercise. Eat well. Live off-campus. Avoid taking things personally.
https://www.wikihow.com/Handle-Degenerative-Joint-Disease-in-Cats	How to Handle Degenerative Joint Disease in Cats	To handle degenerative joint disease in cats, it's important that you take your cat to see a vet so they can prescribe medication to help with its pain and discomfort. You can also take your cat to see a veterinary physiotherapist, who can recommend exercises and therapies you can do with your cat at home to improve its comfort and mobility. In addition to taking your cat to see a professional, you can make adjustments at home so it doesn't have to move around as much. For example, you can keep its food dishes and litter box in close proximity to where it spends a lot of its time, and you can place ramps or stairs next to furniture so it doesn't have to jump. Additionally, provide your cat with plenty of engaging toys and activities to keep it happy and entertained even though it's losing mobility.	Take your cat to be seen by a veterinarian. If your cat is having a hard time moving, or you suspect that he is having joint problems, then you should take him to be seen by a veterinarian. Call your veterinary office, tell them what you think the problem is, and make an appointment for the cat to be assessed. When you bring the cat in, be sure to tell the veterinarian what your cat's symptoms are and why you think that he is having joint trouble. Allow testing to be done. When you bring your cat in to be seen by a veterinarian, the veterinarian will likely do a general assessment of your cat's health. After that, then they will take a close look at the cat's joints. If the veterinarian suspects that your cat has degenerative joint disease, they will need to do some further testing to get a definitive diagnosis. The two diseases that are included under the term feline degenerative joint disease are osteoarthritis and spondylosis deformans. These diseases can cause loss of cartilage between the bones, inflammation between the bones, or bony spurs developing in the joints. Your veterinarian may use the general term or either of these more specific terms. In most cases, the veterinarian will need to x-ray the joint to look for inflammation or abnormal growths. The vet may also want to take a sample of the fluid in the joint to look for other signs of inflammation or infection. Begin treatment. Treatment for degenerative joint disease typically includes medication to ease pain and discomfort. Your veterinarian is likely to prescribe a non-steroidal pain reliever (NSAID) or an opioid pain reliever to ease your cat's pain. Because NSAIDS are cleared through the kidneys and your cat's kidney function may affect the dose, your vet may recommend checking your cat's kidney function before starting your cat on any long term medication. You should also have your cat's health monitored regularly by a veterinarian if he is on these medications. Other types of treatments, such as surgery, are typically not suggested for cats with degenerative joint disease. The inflammation created by the surgery, combined with the advanced age of most cats suffering from this condition, doesn't make surgery a good risk to take. Consider alternative treatments. There are some alternative treatments that may be helpful for a cat with degenerative joint disease. Among them is acupuncture, which can help to ease joint pain, and the use of supplements that promote joint health. These supplements, including glucosamine plus chondroitin, promote joint health by increasing key enzymes and fluids in the joints. While there is little research about the effectiveness of supplement use for degenerative joint disease in cats, there has been a lot of promising research on their use in humans and dogs. If you see a veterinary physiotherapist, they can recommend some exercises and therapies to do with your cat at home that may help to improve your cat's comfort and mobility. Using heat therapy and possibly even hydrotherapy may also help. Continue to treat chronic pain. There can be a lot of pain associated with degenerative joint disease and it is your job as a cat owner to make sure that your cat's pain is managed as much as possible. Pain can be managed with several types of medication, including NSAIDs and opioids. Both should be prescribed by your veterinarian. Since cats are notorious for hiding their pain, you will need to assess its pain medication needs as best as you can. Discuss your cat's pain level with your veterinarian if you are unsure whether your cat has chronic pain or needs medication regularly. Make your cat's daily routine easier. If your cat has been diagnosed with degenerative joint disease, then movement will become more difficult for your cat. With this in mind, you should change the cat's environment to accommodate its newly limited mobility. Keep essential items, such as food dishes and litter boxes, in close proximity to where your cat spends his time. Also, make sure that the cat does not need to climb stairs to complete essential activities, such as getting to a water dish. Make sure the sides of the litter box are low enough for the cat to get in and out of it. You may need to install ramps or stairs in your home to ease your cat's daily movement. For instance, if your cat sleeps on your bed at night, you may need to install stairs or a ramp to allow the cat easy access. Enrich your cat's environment. If your cat has degenerative joint disease, he may not be able to complete all of the activities that he used to. In order to keep your cat's mind active, even when his body can't be, you should enrich his environment. Give him areas to watch the outdoors and puzzles to work on that don't take much strength. Enriching your cat's environment will go a long ways towards keeping your cat happy even though he is losing mobility. Help your cat lose weight. If your cat is overweight and it has degenerative joint disease, then it may help the cat to lose some weight. Less weight on the cat's body means less pressure on his joints, which can decrease the cat's pain and discomfort. Discuss weight-loss plans with your veterinarian in order to assure that your cat gets a balanced diet while still losing weight. Give love and affection. If your cat has been diagnosed with degenerative joint disease, he will need veterinary care but he will also need your love and affection. A cat that is in pain and unable to enjoy all the things in life that he once did will require more attention from you. Your love and affection can sometimes fill a void that is created when the ability to move is reduced. Spend quality time with your cat every day. Pet your cat, play with him, and just generally show him that you care. Identify problems with movement. Since the hips and the elbows are the joints most often affected by degenerative joint disease, look at these joints first for problems with movement. Make sure that your cat is walking normally and that his joints are moving freely. If your cat is having difficulty using his joints, this means that the problem with them is fairly advanced. Have your cat seen by a veterinarian right away if your cat is having this type of problem. Look for signs that your cat is hiding pain. It can be hard to figure out when your cat is in pain because cats are notoriously good at hiding pain. Showing outward signs of pain shows weakness, and so cats keep their pain to themselves whenever possible. With this in mind, try to assess your cat's pain level. Look for changes in routine, avoidance of normal movement, and reactions when you try to move your cat's joints. Hiding pain can come across a change in routine or behavior. If your cat is trying to mask pain, he will have to change his way of life to accommodate avoiding normal movement. Your cat may be too stiff and sore to groom herself regularly, so her fur may become unkempt and matted, especially around her rump. Look for changes on the surface of the joints. If your cat has severe degenerative joint disease, his joints may be swollen or deformed due to inflammation. If you happen to notice that your cat's joints look strange or different than usual, take the time to inspect them closely. A swollen joint could signal a variety of health problems, including trauma. If any of your cat's joints are noticeably swollen, have him checked out by a veterinarian right away. Assess areas that have experienced trauma. Degenerative joint disease can occur with no specific cause, but it is more likely to occur in a joint that has be subjected to trauma or excessive wear and tear. If your cat has had an injury to one of his joints in the past, be sure to keep an eye on that joint for signs of osteoarthritis. Look for problems in older cats. Degenerative joint disease is largely a problem for older cats. In most cases, it is connected to long-term wear and tear on joints, and so it rarely happens in young cats. If your cat is older, do an annual assessment of his ability to move his joints freely and without pain. If you see signs of pain or discomfort, have the cat looked over by his veterinarian.	Take your cat to be seen by a veterinarian. Allow testing to be done. Begin treatment. Consider alternative treatments. Continue to treat chronic pain. Make your cat's daily routine easier. Enrich your cat's environment. Help your cat lose weight. Give love and affection. Identify problems with movement. Look for signs that your cat is hiding pain. Look for changes on the surface of the joints. Assess areas that have experienced trauma. Look for problems in older cats.
https://www.wikihow.com/Make-Maple-Syrup	How to Make Maple Syrup	To make maple syrup, start by filtering some fresh maple tree sap with a coffee filter, which will get rid of any large pieces of debris. Then, boil the sap in a pan on the stove or over an outdoor fire so the water in the sap evaporates. Once the water has evaporated and the syrup reaches 219 degrees Fahrenheit, remove it from the heat. Finally, filter the syrup through a cheesecloth and store it in a sterilized container.	Make sure your trees are ready to be tapped. Maple season occurs during the spring when nights are below 32 degrees Fahrenheit (0 degrees Celsius) and days are starting to get warm. This causes the sap to start flowing in trees. The maple season is over when this temperature pattern ends. At this time the color of the sap will become darker. If sap is collected after the season is over it will be low in sugar content and have an undesirable taste. Select trees. There are many different types of Maple trees. Various types have different sugar content; the higher the better. The Sugar Maple has the highest sugar content. The maple tree has a distinct five point leaf. Typically, a tree should be at least 10 inches in diameter before it is tapped. Purchase taps. These are also known as spiles. Online is the easiest place to buy taps. Most taps are the same, but the collection containers differ quite a bit. Determine what style of collection container you will use: a bag, an attached bucket, a ground bucket, or a tube network (usually used by advanced syrup-makers). If you don't feel like buying a bucket, a clean milk jug will work fine. Avoid buying and installing a tube network if you haven't tapped before. Tap the tree. Drill a hole on the side of the tree that receives the most light, above a large root or under a large branch. The hole should be the size of your tap. It should also be around 1 to 4 feet (30 to 120 cm) above the ground and a 1/2 inch (1.25 cm) longer than your tap. The hole should be at a slight downward angle. An electric hand drill works well for this task. You could also drill a hole using a hammer and a long nail; hammer it in, then remove it. Attach a collection container. It is best to cover containers to keep out rainwater and bugs. Tap more trees. 40 gallons of sap makes just one gallon of syrup, which is why store-bought maple syrup is so expensive. A good number of trees to tap for a beginner is 7 to 10; you'll get about 10 gallons from each tree per season, so you'll end up with a few gallons of maple syrup. Collect the sap. Over the course of a few weeks, check the collecting containers every few days. Transfer the sap to sealed buckets or other large containers for storage. Keep collecting sap until the season has ended. Now you're ready to turn the sap into syrup. Filter the sap. If you have a smaller amount of sap, this is easiest done with a coffee filter. This is only to remove any sediment, bugs, or twigs from the sap. You could also reach in and remove large pieces of debris with a slotted spoon. The sap will be filtered again later, after it's boiled. Build a fire to boil the sap. Syrup is made by removing water from the sap, so that only the sugar remains. Sap contains only about 2 % sugar. You can use an evaporator, which is a machine made specifically for boiling sap into syrup, or a less expensive alternative like a good, hot fire (you can also boil it in a pan on the stove, but you're evaporating so much moisture that your whole house will fill with steam). To build an outdoor fire for sap boiling, follow these steps: Get one or more 5 gallon pots. Dig a shallow hole in the ground where you want to build the fire. Build a box out of cinder blocks around the hole. It need only be large enough to accommodate all of your pots. Set a fire grate in the box to hold the pots, leaving enough space below the grate to build a fire. Build a fire under the grate so it will heat the pots. Add sap to the pots. Fill them about 3/4 full of sap. The flames should lick the bottom of the pans and bring the sap to a boil. As the water evaporates, slowly add more sap. Continue stoking the fire and adding sap to the pots until the pots are half full with the remaining sap. The process of boiling sap down to syrup takes many hours, and you can't take any breaks or you'll end up with burned maple syrup. The fire needs to be hot enough to keep the sap boiling constantly, and you need to keep adding more sap when the liquid gets low - even if it means staying up all night. You can hang a coffee can with a handle over the sap pot. Cut a hole in the bottom so the sap trickles out gradually. This way you won't have to be there to monitor its progress at all times. Check the temperature. When you're finished adding sap and the remaining liquid starts to get low, use a candy thermometer to check the temperature. It will have rested at 212 degrees Fahrenheit or so during the boiling process, but once most of the water has evaporated, the temperature will rise. Remove the liquid from heat when it reaches 219 degrees Fahrenheit. If you remove the syrup too late, it will thicken or burn, so make sure you monitor it closely. You can finish the syrup inside if you want to be able to control the heat and temperature more closely. Filter the finished syrup. When the sap is boiled it produces niter, or "sugar sand." The niter will settle to the bottom if not filtered. Filtering will remove niter and other substrate that might have gotten into the syrup, like ash from the fire or bugs that flew in. Place a few pieces of cheesecloth over a large bowl and pour the syrup in; you may have to do this a few times to get all the niter out. Filter the syrup while it's still quite hot, or else it will stick to the cheesecloth. Special cotton filters made to absorb less syrup are available for sale online. Pour the syrup into sterilized containers. Glass mason jars work well, or you could reuse old maple syrup containers that have been boiled. Put the lids on the syrup jars immediately. Remove taps from trees at the end of the season. Do not plug the holes; they will close by themselves.	Make sure your trees are ready to be tapped. Select trees. Purchase taps. Tap the tree. Attach a collection container. Tap more trees. Collect the sap. Filter the sap. Build a fire to boil the sap. Add sap to the pots. Check the temperature. Filter the finished syrup. Pour the syrup into sterilized containers. Remove taps from trees at the end of the season.
https://www.wikihow.life/Sell-Your-Own-House	How to Sell Your Own House	If you want to sell your house as a "For Sale, by Owner" deal, the first thing you'll want to do is hire an appraiser. They can help you set the right asking price for your home to maximize your chance of getting a bid. List your house in April or May, since people are more likely to buy a home during the warmer months. Make a list of local mortgage brokers and familiarize yourself with the mortgage process, so you can guide them through it when they make a bid.	Clean out your home. As soon as you decide to sell your house, thoroughly clean it from top to bottom. Don't forget rarely-cleaned areas such as baseboards, blinds, roof gutters and window wells. A clean home will help an appraiser see your house in a better light and value it more highly, as well as appealing to buyers. Because of familiarity, you're likely to overlook some aspects of cleaning that scrutinizing potential buyers won't. If you want to make the best possible impression, shell out some extra cash to hire a professional cleaning service, at least for an initial deep clean. Don't underestimate the power of a spotless canvas. Clear up clutter while you clean. Make your home look more spacious by getting rid of any unnecessary junk (hire storage space if you have to). You'll see a big difference in how your closets look, as well as your garage, porch and bathroom. Buyers want to feel like they're purchasing sufficient space, and clearing out more of your stuff helps them see themselves in your home. If you can't bear to part with anything, consider moving the items to a storage unit temporarily. . Have your property evaluated As much as you'd like to set the price of your home as high as possible, you have to be realistic. Many for-sale-by-owner listings fail to sell because owners persist in thinking their home is worth more than the market will offer, or because they have already settled on a set amount of money that they want and refuse to budge. Having a professional, third-party assessment of your home's worth will help you get comfortable with a price range, in addition to providing you with a solid reference point if a buyer or Realtor accuses you of setting the price too high. Don't just rely on the property tax assessment. Many property tax assessments are out of date, and they don't necessarily reflect the current real estate market. Look at comparables. Comparables are what other similar homes in your area are selling for, or better yet how much they have sold for in the last month. Use this method to determine what price range your home will fall in. Always use comparables when arriving at a realistic assessment of your home's value. In a slower market or in a rural area, you may even want to look back about six months to a year to see how other homes sold around that time compared with your home. Hire an appraiser. A certified residential appraiser will come to your house, measure the property, take notes and photos, research information about any land parcels, and assemble a list of comparable sales in your neighborhood to determine the value of your home. Many banks keep a list of reputable appraisers they contact for refinancing or mortgage loans; ask your local branch manager to refer you to an honest, qualified professional. Once you receive your copy of the appraisal, make a second copy and store it in a secure location. Keep the first copy on-hand to go over with serious buyers. Keep in mind that a visit from an appraiser may cost you around $500, while a visit from a Realtor may be free or only around $50 and they may arrive at a similar amount. Have your home inspected. Many standard real estate contracts are going to give the home buyer the right to inspect the property, so be prepared. Have your home inspected before you advertise. Under a general inspection you might be obligated to make major repairs to appliances, plumbing, septic, electrical and heating systems, etc. You can expect your home's roof and foundations to be inspected, as well. Follow the recommendations and make necessary repairs. Additional inspections requested by the buyer are customarily at their expense. As much as possible, get your home in move-in condition before you put it on the market. Buyers of homes are inherently lazy. If they feel like they'll need to do extra landscaping, plumbing, appliance and electrical work before they can enjoy the house, they'll balk when it comes to buy, even if the rest of your house is an absolute steal. So make it easy for them. Hire a handyman or general contractor to get the home as ready to move into as possible. Know your selling points. Before you start marketing your home, write up a list of special selling points you think will attract buyers. Potential items include good school districts, recent renovations, benefits that have been grandfathered into the property, energy-saving windows or insulation and new appliances. Highlight these items in your ads, when you talk to people about your home or while you're showing it. Memorize them so that you don't forget anything. Time it right. Be aware that the real estate sector sees a noticeable uptick in business over the summer — people prefer to move when it's warm, and they're reluctant to have their children change schools in the middle of the school year. Start trying to sell your home in April or May and continue to promote it throughout the summer. If you haven't sold it by late fall, scale back your efforts and begin marketing more intensely when the weather warms up again. Another thing to be aware of is the trend your neighborhood is going through. If your neighborhood is undergoing a mini boom of strong residential sales, those transactions will increase the value of your home. Conversely, if your neighborhood has seen a lot of short sales or foreclosures, your home's value will be decreased. Try to time your listing so that you're not affected by distressed sales. For instance, in robust markets, a comparable sale can only weigh against the value of your home for 90 days after the sale date or even as little as 30 days. It might be worth it to wait a few months to list your home if you can do it at a higher price. However, in slower markets, you may have to go back as much as a year. . Get your property ready for a staging A staging is an especially important part of selling your house. During the staging, potential buyers begin mentally imagining their own items, and their lives, in your home. If they can't make the imaginative leap because the house is too cluttered, dirty, colorful, or quirky, you've probably lost their business. Best to stage the house to be as spacious, clean, bland (yes, bland!), and typical as possible. Try to limit furniture in your house to the absolute essentials. If you haven't used it in three months, store it, sell it, or throw it away. This helps the rooms appear larger. Replace or hire replacement for items that are outdated or don't complement your home. Show items in groups of 1, 3, and 5 items, erring on fewer items when possible. It's not clear why odd groups of items are mentally appealing, but they are. Freshen up rooms with fresh flowers and bowls of fruit. Use scatter cushions and glass vases to liven up the room. Go into each room and paint as needed. Paint the walls white to brighten up your home. Remember, neutral is best when you're selling so potential buyers can customise the property to their tastes. Check the carpets and windows in each room and clean as well. Don't neglect bathrooms and the kitchen. Use fluffy white towels in the bathroom and even put an orchid in there. Don't have too many appliances and or pots and pans visible in the kitchen, a bowl of fruit and 1-2 appliances/pans are more than enough for the kitchen to look homely but not crowded. Remove any personal photos and items - these tend to make buyers uncomfortable. The style of your house should appeal to the demographic of your potential buyers. For example, you will use different property styling if you're selling a bachelor pad or a family home. And remember: if your house is decorated in a very specific style, this might not match the style of your potential buyers. Pay attention to how the outside of your home looks. Clear away any plants that obscure significant parts of the home, weeding and mulching as necessary. Check in on the condition of the paint on the outside of the home; inspect how it looks from both the curb and up-close. Invest in potted plants and place them at the entry or on the balcony/courtyard. Put yourself in the shoes of the buyer! Take professional photos that show the best of each room (and outside area). If you have a room bathed in sunlight, take a picture of that room on a sunny day (early morning or late afternoon), even if the photographer wouldn't approve. In other rooms, turn on all artificial light when taking pictures, even if there is enough light - it creates a special ambiance. Market your home. Staking a "For Sale By Owner" sign in your yard is good if you live in a high-traffic neighborhood, but you can go further. Advertise online. Put an ad for your home on a website like Craigslist. Take out classified ads in your local newspaper and ask if they'll be available on a website as well. If you use social media sites, mention often that you're selling your house. Put up fliers. If local ordinances permit it, place fliers on stoplight poles at prominent intersections. Fish out potential buyers. Call local bank managers, as well as school principals, and let them know that you have a great home for sale if they know a family who's looking. If you know that a nearby company often relocates workers to your area, contact their recruiting or human resources department and tell them you have a home you're ready to sell. Do whatever you can to get the word out. Rely on word of mouth. Alert your friends, family and business associates that you're selling your house. If you need to sell quickly, offer them a carrot — say that if they can find someone who's looking for a house and that buyer makes an offer, you'll buy them an expensive bottle of wine, a nice dinner out, or some other reward. Know how to show your home. When potential buyers or their Realtors contact you and want to see the home, try to be as available and flexible as possible. Be aware that many people will want to see the home in the middle of the day, when you might be working. If you can't be home for appointments, try to arrange for a close friend or family member to be there. Set a peaceful, enticing mood. Before your potential buyers arrive, quickly clean up any clutter. Put away food on the counter, throw dishes into the dishwasher, and gather up laundry. Light a scented candle if you have one, brew fresh coffee or put a few drops of vanilla on a cookie sheet and put it in the oven at around 250 degrees Fahrenheit (120 Celsius). Put some light, soft classical music on in the background. If the weather is nice, open a few windows; if not, light a fireplace or turn the heater up a bit. Turn on the lights for mood lighting. These extra little steps will make your home seem inviting and calm. Be a good host. This might seem like obvious advice, but some people are so anxious about selling their home that they forget basic etiquette. When your potential buyers arrive, greet them with a firm handshake and look them in the eye. Introduce yourself, and ask and remember their names. As they step inside your home, ask if you can provide them with a glass of water or light refreshment. Home in on their interests (i.e., do they have kids? Do they like animals?) and talk about the house in those terms. Lead them from room to room without rushing. At the end of the tour, ask if they have any questions or if they'd like to see anything again. Have your contact information ready to give them on a small note or card. Coming off as polite and prepared will make you seem like someone with whom they could enter a real estate transaction with minimal hassle. Keep it positive. Be honest, but do not dwell on the home's flaws or offer apologies like "Sorry it's so messy in here!" If you're selling your house because of a divorce, lost job or other personal tragedy, do not discuss these issues with your buyers, even in jest (i.e., "I could have kept this house if my husband could have kept his pants up!") Make your entire interaction with them as positive as possible. You want them to leave your home feeling happy and excited at the possibilities. Secure your valuables. Lock up everything truly irreplaceable in a safe location before you open your home to strangers. Don't let your buyers walk around unsupervised; if they ask for a moment alone, try to give them some privacy in the yard or the kitchen. Give yourself a timeline to lower the asking price if no serious bids have come through. Many sellers price their homes too high. And then they keep them too high for too long, all while paying for maintenance, upgrades, and property taxes. Before you start in earnest, set a timeline for how you'll lower the price of your home if you're not getting any bids: "If I haven't gotten a bid within two months, I'll lower by $25k; and if I haven't gotten a bid within 6 months, I'll lower by another $75k," for example. Having a pre-determined outline of how you'll lower the price in the absence of bids will help take emotion out of the decision and ultimately help you sell you house more quickly. Put yourself in the buyers' shoes. Take a walk around the neighborhood if you aren't getting any bids. Put yourself in the buyers' shoes and ask yourself, would I want to buy my home or another home given their prices? Remember to be as honest with yourself as possible. If you come to the conclusion that other homes around the neighborhood might be better options, it's time to lower your asking price in order to make your home more appealing. Offer an incentive. Find a way to sweeten the pot a bit. Don't underestimate the power of a small rebate, a security blanket, or simply a kind gesture. Here are some things that you can do to make the deal more attractive: Offer a credit on the closing costs, or offer to pay them entirely. Closing costs can get expensive quickly (upwards of several thousand dollars), so this becomes a great incentive. Give a transferable home warranty to cover home appliance malfunction. These typically only cost $300 to $500, but give the potential buyer peace of mind that if anything goes wrong, they won't have to shell out extra for it. Offer expedited closing on the home. Many buyers who see their dream house want to live in it right away. Be as flexible as possible regarding the buyer's timeline to close and allow them to take possession of the property the day it closes. Navigate financing. Most sellers assume that the buyer has been through the process and knows the stages of buying a home. The fact is, that this is one of the many valuable services that a Realtor would normally provide, but now it is left to you, the seller, to walk them through choosing a mortgage broker to getting to the closing table. By aligning yourself with a local mortgage company first, you are giving the loan officer leads in return for assisting you with the transaction, a virtual win-win. Mortgage brokers often have clients that are approved but have yet to find a home; this is a great way to tap into their client list to find a qualified buyer. The broker should also estimate the closing costs for your home and give you strategic financing tips for marketing (Zero Down, 2-1 Buydown options, Interest only options or community funding & grants available). Financing can sell a home just as quickly as good staging. A lender may also prepare a flyer that lists the monthly payments based on the expected purchase price. A lender may also hold a meet and greet session at your open house. This session will be used to educate potential buyers about the lending opportunities available to them. Be prepared to negotiate. If a buyer says he or she likes your home but is not sure about buying it, again, this is your opportunity to sweeten the deal. Did you notice the buyer looking longingly at your new barbecue? Throw it in. Did they seem dismayed that the patio hadn't been varnished for a while? Say you'll come down $500 to cover the cost of re-varnishing. Giving up an appliance or making a small concession for home improvements could cost you less than continuing to pay a mortgage on a house you don't want. Keep in mind that even if someone makes a low-ball offer, you can negotiate upwards. Do not be discouraged if you get an offer that is lower than what you are willing to accept. Try to close cleanly and quickly. Once the buyer is making offers and negotiating, try to close the transaction as quickly as you can. Make sure you've provided all the necessary disclosure documents required by your state. If you don't like the buyer's offer, don't just say no. Always make a counter offer. Try to accommodate the buyer wherever you can afford to. Also, consider taking the offer to a lawyer for professional evaluation. Once everything is settled, move out as quickly as you reasonably can.	Clean out your home. . Have your home inspected. As much as possible, get your home in move-in condition before you put it on the market. Know your selling points. Time it right. . Market your home. Know how to show your home. Give yourself a timeline to lower the asking price if no serious bids have come through. Put yourself in the buyers' shoes. Offer an incentive. Navigate financing. Be prepared to negotiate. Try to close cleanly and quickly.
https://www.wikihow.com/Behave-Professionally	How to Behave Professionally	Behaving professionally in your job is all about having good relationships with your coworkers and staying on top of your work. Communication is a large part of being professional. Always be polite at work, make eye contact when you're talking to people, and ask questions if you don't understand something. Another part of being professional is being reliable whenever someone needs help or asks you to do something. If you make a mistake, take responsibility for it, apologize, and try to fix it. Your attitude is also a big part of professionalism. Try to arrive at work 5 minutes early and stay a few minutes after the end to make sure you've done everything you need to. Avoid talking about office gossip or personal issues at your job so you can focus on your work.	Arrive five minutes early each day. Don't be that employee who's barely making it in the door at 8:00AM or the one who regularly comes fifteen minutes late. Get up early in the mornings so you can arrive to work early; this will show that you are dedicated to your job. Don't rush out at 5PM, either. Stay a few minutes afterwards to check emails or finish up tasks. Dress well and maintain good hygiene. In addition to punctuality, professional dress is very important. Invest in a few good outfits for work. Iron your clothes the night before so that you aren't rushed and wrinkled in the morning. Shower daily and keep your hair well-kempt and out of your face. Professional dress can include long-sleeved button-up shirts, slacks or skirts, blazers, cardigans, and loafers. Find clothes that fit you well so you look neat - stay away from clothes that are too tight or baggy. Pay attention to how your coworkers dress. Each company has its own definition of professional dress. For example, if everyone is wearing khakis and button-down shirts, don't show up in a suit everyday. Blend into the company's dress culture. Keep organized. Keep your desk, cubicle or office space neat and clean. Put documents in drawers or filing cabinets and organize them based on project type and year. Keep a calendar to keep track of your appointments, meetings, and projects. Stay updated on your emails and voicemails. Be the employee that responds to emails in a timely fashion, with no more than two days in between a response. Respond to emails from your boss or superiors as soon as possible. Reread all emails before sending to check for typos. Respond to emails in a professional manner, even if the sender writes to you casually. Make your voicemail message professional, as well. If you promise to respond to calls in a certain window, be sure to follow through on that promise. Additionally, be sure to check your voicemail regularly. Be an excellent communicator. Stay on topic when delivering information and keep your updates as succinct as possible, avoiding unnecessary information. When in doubt about information or instructions, ask open-ended questions. You can say something like “Just to make sure I understand, can you give me an example?” Maintain good eye contact and stand or sit straight up. Having good posture portrays confidence. Do not use slang. Limit how often you say “like," “um," "uh," and related sounds. Don't participate in office gossip. Keep discussions about your personal life to a minimum while at work. Practice presentations in advance. If you have to present your work to your colleagues or some other audience, be ready. Create a slideshow and have notes on hand to refresh your memory. Practice several times in advance to prepare a polished presentation, calm your nerves, and ensure that you're prepared for questions. Come to meetings with notes prepared. If you have a staff meeting or other meeting coming up, come with notes prepared. You may have to share updates about your projects; have those updates written down so you can share them accurately. Have questions on hand, as well. Follow company policies. Take some time to read your company's manual to make sure that you are following all of the rules. If you think you are in violation of any of these rules, consult with your boss. For instance, perhaps you are in a relationship with a coworker. If this is against company policy, you need to inform your supervisor and end the relationship or else find another job. Keep your private life private. At work, avoid discussing intimate details about your life with your coworkers. Keep discussion of sex and fights with your partner off the table completely. Create friendships at work, but keep your discussions light while in the office. Check in with your coworkers regularly, go out to lunch together, and discuss things like vacations, TV shows, your kids, or your hometown. Be a dependable and reliable employee. If you tell your boss that you will go to a meeting in her place, go. This will help to establish trust between you and others. Keep all of your meetings and appointments unless something serious, like an illness, comes up to change them. Complete all of your projects before they are due and to the best of your ability. Do not over-commit to too many tasks or volunteer to do tasks that you are not qualified to do. Admit when you don't know something or if you don't feel like you can handle it. Apologize when you make a mistake. Even if you are a model employee, you are bound to slip up from time to time. When this happens, don't shift the blame to others but take full responsibility instead. Apologize for the errors you made and put steps in place to avoid them in the future. You might say “I'm so sorry for missing that meeting with the pharmaceutical company. I accidentally double booked myself that day. I have rescheduled the meeting for tomorrow. I'll make sure this doesn't happen again.” Keep out of office gossip. Even when others in the office are badmouthing people, keep out of it. Don't involve yourself in people's pettiness or else you could find yourself in trouble. When gossip comes up, try to change the subject or walk away. Be honest with your coworkers and bosses. Honesty is a very important element of professionalism. Always tell the people you work with the truth about your projects and be comfortable saying “I don't know”, but not with finality/resignation. Be prepared to find what is needed. Let others know when you need help such as a source, instructions, training or immediate help from someone who has a skill or the experience that is needed. For instance, if your boss asks how a project that you're struggling with is going, let your needs be known. Don't deepen the problem by saying things are fine when you could really use a bit of help. Read articles related to your job to stay up to date. Each day, try to find at least one article related to your line of work to read. This will ensure that you are staying updated. You will also have new material to discuss with your coworkers in staff meetings. For instance, if you work at a university, subscribe to online journals like The Chronicle of Higher Education or Inside Higher Ed for daily emails. Attend trainings in your field. Many offices will pay for their employees to go to trainings or conferences related to their work. Look into some of these and put in a proposal with your boss to get funding to attend. These are great experiences for you to expand your knowledge. Take notes in departmental meetings. When in meetings, avoid getting on your phone or drifting off. Instead, stay focused, listen, and take notes. Though they may be boring, there is likely some very important information being discussed that you can use to become a better professional. Consider going back to school. Perhaps you are looking to extend your knowledge beyond a memo or a training. If this is the case, consider going back to school to get another degree in your field. For instance, if you are a Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN), you might consider furthering your knowledge of nursing and becoming a Registered Nurse (RN). An increase in knowledge often comes with an increase in pay, as well.	Arrive five minutes early each day. Dress well and maintain good hygiene. Keep organized. Stay updated on your emails and voicemails. Be an excellent communicator. Practice presentations in advance. Come to meetings with notes prepared. Follow company policies. Keep your private life private. Be a dependable and reliable employee. Apologize when you make a mistake. Keep out of office gossip. Be honest with your coworkers and bosses. Read articles related to your job to stay up to date. Attend trainings in your field. Take notes in departmental meetings. Consider going back to school.
https://www.wikihow.com/Build-Trust-in-a-Relationship	How to Build Trust in a Relationship	One of the most important things you can do to build trust in a relationship is always tell the truth. If you lie or keep things hidden from your partner, eventually the truth will come out and it will ruin any trust you had. In addition to being honest, you should try your best to be reliable by doing the things you say you'll do. For example, if you tell your partner you'll be home at a certain time, be home by then or let them know if you're running late. You should also make an effort to share your feelings with your partner and let them know if you're upset about something since being open with each other will help build trust.	Stay faithful. If a partner is not loyal, a relationship quickly becomes unworkable. People do recover from an affair but usually need professional help to do it. Make a commitment to be faithful and stick to it. If you're not happy in the relationship, get counseling and not a part-time lover. If you're faithful to someone, it means you're faithful on all levels. This means physically but also emotionally. Some people think it's okay to establish intimate bonds even though they may just be spending time with another person and nothing else, but it's really not. It will eventually cause problems in your relationship. Be clear with appropriate boundaries as much as possible. What is appropriate varies from culture to culture, and often with one's age. But it all comes down to understanding what is respectful, clear, and comfortable to ask from a romantic relationship. Dating a person once is not a committed relationship, for instance. If asking a person out on a date, make sure that is clear; it can be awkward if a woman is not entirely sure she is at a restaurant as a friend or as a date. Be clear on if you see your sexual relationship as more casual or more serious. Some people are comfortable with "booty calls" and "friends with benefits" types of relationships. Others see sexual relations as a very deeply emotional act done only with someone committed to a relationship (or after marriage). There are wide varieties of behaviors considered a "committed relationship," from traditional marriage, to "live-in boyfriend or girlfriend", to more radical "open marriages," and polyamory. A person seeking a traditional marriage may be disappointed if the partner is looking for something else. Likewise, someone seeking something else may be disappointed if the partner is looking for a traditional marriage. Give your partner space, and foster kindness. Trust builds in an atmosphere of security and safety. The cycle of hurting each other, either verbally or physically, and then rejecting the other person, creates a lot of fear; which undermines trust. Furthermore, trying to control your partner's every move is another type of mistrust, so make sure you're not possessively clinging on to your partner. That will only push him or her away. If your significant other wants to spend time with their friends, try to be okay with that. You can always talk about what's acceptable behavior and what's not, though. For instance, if your partner says that he or she wants to go to a dance club with friends, and you're not comfortable with it; then it's something that you need to talk about, both in this instance, and for the future, so that it doesn't keep happening again and again. Love your partner without any ulterior motives. Both of you need to feel sure you are loved for yourself, and not for some other reason. Those other reasons could be your family, your money, your looks, or even just the fear of being alone. Make sure you're with your significant other for the right reasons. Make your relationship a top priority. It can be easy to take each other for granted and neglect one another. Try not to give all of your energy and time to other people or activities. Keep your priorities clear. If being in a relationship is important to you, then make sure it stays at the top of your list. Avoid becoming a workaholic because this can get in the way of your relationship. Make time for your relationship; and if you need to reach a goal at a specific time, work with your partner to develop solutions. Stay to the end. Misunderstandings, conflict, and anger are going to occur. Make it safe for disagreements and the careful expression of anger to happen without raising a fear of abandonment. You do this by never using the threat of walking out. Keep your routine. A lot of people believe that mixing things up all the time makes a great relationship. In other words, he or she is always planning something new to surprise the other. Although surprises are nice from time to time, stability and uniformity are far more important in a relationship. Uniformity sounds boring, but you need to be predictable to make things work in the long run. Predictability builds trust. Be reliable. Trust is just another way of saying you can rely on someone. You trust your partner to do certain things no matter what at all times. This trust builds security in a relationship. Make sure your partner can count on you. If you say you're going to be home by 5 p.m., then make sure you are or at least let the other person know if something else comes up. The most important factor here is consistency. If 4 out of 5 times, you never bother calling and just come home as late as you want, then that's a strong indicator that your needs matter more to you than your partner. A happy, successful relationship is when both parties make an effort at keeping up their end of the bargain. Mean what you say. Your partner can read your face better than anyone else. If you are lying or trying to hide some true feeling by not quite saying all that is on your mind, he or she will be able to tell. The person might even think you're cheating. When the person knows he or she can trust whatever comes out of your mouth without hesitation, then you are building an unshakable bond. Tell the truth. Don't keep anything hidden, nothing should be privileged from the other. You have to know that sooner or later all things come to light, and the consequences of not being completely truthful will kill the trust and ruin your relationship. Share how you really feel. Too many people never let their partners know what they need. Don't let your partner wonder, or try to guess what he or she should do for you. It is essential this happens with both partners. If only one partner is being catered to by the other, there is a chance one will feel smothered or the other might feel neglected. Either scenario is not good. Practice vulnerability to allow for more closeness and intimacy in your relationship. Say no sometimes. It's okay to listen to your partner's needs and try to fulfill them, but sometimes it's just as valuable to say no. You can't do everything all the time, and you will actually earn some respect when you refuse to do something once in a while. Taking a stand, and imposing your own will can actually enhance the trust between you. Have faith in your partner's capabilities. In other words, if you believe at all that the person is not competent in some of the things he or she does, your trust will not be solid. If this is the case, you need to be upfront with him or her on the issues in an honest and loving manner. This will allow you to work through this and keep the trust with each other. Trust your partner. How can your partner trust you when you don't trust him or her? Having trust takes two people, and without the other person building trust, too, it's like a fish without water. This is where you have the opportunity to practice vulnerability. Trusting another person often comes down to how you feel on the inside. In other words, if you tend to be insecure about things, then this could fall over into your relationship in a negative way. You have every reason to trust until the person actually does something that shows you cannot. Be open about any insecurities you may have. If you have any past experience with infidelity, let your partner know so they can understand what's going through your head. Give the benefit of the doubt. One indicator of trust issues is the tendency to think of the worst case in every possible situation. Just because someone missed your phone call doesn't mean the person is cheating on you. When you trust your partner, it means you give him or her the benefit of the doubt. Each person deserves a chance to explain her or himself before coming to a conclusion. Only then can it be looked at objectively. Leave your partner’s phone alone. Do either one of you have passwords on your phone? If so, it could be a sign that you have problems with trust. While privacy is important, it doesn't mean your phone should be protected like it's Fort Knox. When there's real trust, the other person will respect your privacy even if he or she has access to your phone. But the bigger issue, however, is if you feel that the person calling your significant other's phone is a threat to your relationship, then there are definite trust issues that need to be dealt with. Allow your partner free reign in life. Often, when there are trust issues, you want to monitor everything the other person does and with whom. It's easy to feel territorial and feel threatened by everyone. However, trust is about having faith and allowing the other person free reign. When you trust someone else, it also means you trust yourself, which fosters healthier relationships in the long run.	Stay faithful. Give your partner space, and foster kindness. Love your partner without any ulterior motives. Make your relationship a top priority. Stay to the end. Keep your routine. Be reliable. Mean what you say. Tell the truth. Share how you really feel. Say no sometimes. Have faith in your partner's capabilities. Trust your partner. Give the benefit of the doubt. Leave your partner’s phone alone. Allow your partner free reign in life.
https://www.wikihow.com/Reduce-Sensory-Overload	How to Reduce Sensory Overload	Sensory overload can be overwhelming at times, but by limiting excessive stimulation or taking a short break, you can start to feel better. If it's too bright indoors, try turning the lights down or putting on sunglasses. For excessive noise, turn down electrical appliances, shut any doors to block outside noise, or put in headphones. If you're at a social event or somewhere else where you can't control the sensory stimuli, try taking a break in a quiet room, restroom, or outside. Take a few deep breaths, and focus on your breathing to help you relax.	Recognize what overload looks like, not just in general but in this person. Overload can show up in different ways for different people. It may look like a panic attack, getting "hyper," shutting down, or having a meltdown (which resembles a tantrum, but is not thrown on purpose). Ask yourself what overload typically looks like for the person. This can help you identify warning signs that the person is overwhelmed. Does the person's mood usually change when overwhelm? How? Notice if any self-calming behaviors tend to happen during overwhelm. What tends to calm this person when things are getting bad? This can help you notice when overload is coming. Are abilities lost or limited during overload? Normal abilities can become harder or impossible to use during overload. If their speech, motor skills, or other skills start worsening before overload, then that's a useful warning sign. If you're thinking of a loved one, try asking them what happens and how they feel when overwhelmed. They may be able to tell you what to look for. Reduce visual stimulation. A person experiencing visual overload may need to wear sunglasses indoors, refuse eye contact, turn away from people who are speaking, cover one's eyes, and bump into people or things. To help with visual stimulation, reduce the items that hang from the ceiling or walls. Keep small items put away in bins or boxes, and organize and label the bins. If lighting is overwhelming, use a lamp instead of fluorescent lighting. You can also use darker bulbs instead of bright bulbs. Use blackout curtains to minimize light. If indoor lights are overwhelming, using sunshades can be helpful. Lower the noise level. Sound-related overwhelm may include not being able to shut off background noises (such as someone having a conversation far away), which can influence concentration. Some noises can be perceived as excruciatingly loud and distracting. To help with noise overstimulation, shut any open doors or windows that may be allowing sound inside. Lower or turn off any music that may be distracting, or go somewhere more quiet. Minimize verbal directions and/or conversations if things get bad. Having earplugs, headphones, and white noise may come in handy when noises seem too overwhelming. Use short yes/no questions if you're talking to someone who's overwhelmed. They can respond with thumbs up/thumbs down. Lessen tactile input. Tactile overload, which refers to the sensation of touch, can include being unable to handle to be touched or hugged. Many people with sensory processing issues are hypersensitive to touch, and being touched or thinking they are about to be touched can worsen the overload. Tactile sensitivity can include a sensitivity to clothing (preferring soft fabrics) or to touching certain textures or temperatures. Recognize what textures are pleasing and which ones are not. Make sure that any new clothing is sensory-friendly. Respect touch boundaries. Don't force it, and pay attention if they pull away or say they don't want to be touched. Don't startle them. Let them see you coming if you're going to touch them (or say you're going to touch them). Come from the front, not from behind. Give them time to lean away or say no if they can't handle it right now. Encourage comfortable clothes. Itchy or painful clothes shouldn't be worn, no matter what the occasion is. Remember that touch sensitivities may be worse on some days than others, so some clothes may be sometimes OK and sometimes not. Limit strong smells. Some fragrances or stenches may be overwhelming, and unlike sight, you cannot shut your nose to disengage the sense. If smells are overwhelming, consider using unscented shampoos, detergents, and cleaning products. Remove as many unpleasant scents as possible from the environment. You could buy unscented products, or you may enjoy getting crafty and making your own unscented toothpaste, soaps, and detergent. Avoid overdoing it, even if it's a "nice" smell. Overpowering smells are unpleasant, even if the smell is sweet in smaller amounts. Pay attention to vestibular input. A person who experiences sensory overload may be sensitive to perceptions of balance or movement. They may be particularly susceptible to motion sickness, easily lose their balance, and have trouble with hand/eye coordination. If the person seems overwhelmed by movement or is inactive, you can try slowing down your own movements or practice moving slowly and carefully to different positions (transitioning from laying down to standing, etc.). Keep a calm home environment. A low-stress, low-input space can help the person feel better regulated and less likely to experience overload. Try keeping things relaxed. Assign noisy or intense chores to someone who doesn't mind doing them. Try having them done when the sensitive person is elsewhere. If someone wants to do something intense, keep it in a limited space. For example, if someone wants to play a loud video game, have them do it in a bedroom instead of in the main area. Try creating a "sensory diet. " A sensory diet is a way to help the person's nervous system feel organized and efficient, providing sensory input in a way that is nourishing and routine. A sensory diet can include sensory input created by interactions with other people, the environment, activities scheduled at certain times of the day, and recreational activities. Think about a sensory diet as you would a healthy, balanced food diet. You want the person to get the necessary nutrients from a variety of sources, but you don't want them to get too much or too little of something, either, as this could impair growth or a healthy, functioning body. With a sensory diet, you want the person to have a balanced experience of different sensory inputs. So, if the person is overstimulated by auditory stimulation (or sound), you may minimize verbal directions and instead use more visuals and spend time in places with minimal background noise or allow them to use earplugs. However, the auditory sense still needs nourishment, so you also give the person time to listen to their favorite music. Minimize unnecessary sensory input by limiting the visual material in the room, allowing the use of headphones or earplugs, finding clothing that is comfortable, using scent-free detergents and soaps, and so on. The hope of the sensory diet is to calm the person and possibly normalize sensory input, teach the person to manage impulses and emotions, and increase productivity. Take a sensory break. You may feel overwhelmed when surrounded by large groups of people or lots of children. Sometimes these situations are unavoidable, like at a family function or a business conference. While you may not be able to fully escape the situation, you can take a break to help you recover from overload. Trying to "tough it out" will only make things worse and make it take even longer to recover. Taking a break can help you recharge and remove you from the situation before it becomes unbearable. Respond to your needs early on, and they will be easier to handle. If you are in public, consider excusing yourself to the bathroom, or say "I need some air" and go outside for a few minutes. If you are in a home, see if there's a place to lie down and briefly rest. Say "I need some alone time" if people are trying to follow you when you can't handle it. Find a balance. It is important for you to learn your limits and set boundaries, but also not to limit yourself too much so that you become bored. Make sure your basic needs are met, as your threshold for stimulation may be affected things like hunger, exhaustion, loneliness, and physical pain. At the same time, make sure you aren't stretching yourself too thin. Meeting these essential needs is important for everyone, but it may be especially important for highly sensitive people or those with SPD. Set your limits. When dealing with situations that may cause sensory overload, set some limits. If noise is bothersome, consider going to restaurants or shopping malls at quieter hours of the day and not during rush. You may want to set limits on how much time you spend watching tv or on a computer, or socializing with friends and family. If a big event is coming up, prepare yourself throughout the day to handle the situation to the best of your ability. You may need to set limits on conversations. If long conversations drain you, politely excuse yourself. If you are a caretaker or parent, monitor the child's activity and find patterns of when too much tv or computer starts to be overloading. Give yourself time to recover. It can take minutes to hours to fully recover from an episode of sensory overload. If the ”fight-flight-or-freeze” mechanisms have been engaged, it's likely you will be very tired afterwards. If you can, try to reduce stress occurring later on as well. Alone time is often the best way to recover. Consider coping techniques to deal with stress. Working on decreasing stress and developing healthy ways to cope with stress and overstimulation can help decrease the arousal of your nervous system. Yoga , meditation , and deep breathing are all ways you can decrease stress, find balance, and even a sense of security over time. Use the coping mechanisms that help you best. You may instinctively know what you need, like rocking or going somewhere silent. Don't worry if it's "weird" or not; focus on what can help you. Try occupational therapy. For adults and children, occupational therapy can help reduce sensory sensitivities and therefore lessen overload over time. Treatment outcome is stronger if started young. As a caretaker, look for a therapist who is experienced in dealing with sensory processing issues. Intervene early. Sometimes, a person may not realize that they are struggling, and may stay longer than they should or try to "tough it out." This only makes things worse. Intervene on their behalf as soon as you notice that they are getting stressed, and help them take some quiet time to calm down. Be compassionate and understanding. Your loved one is feeling overwhelmed and upset, and your support can comfort them and help them calm down. Be loving, empathetic, and responsive to their needs. Remember, they aren't doing this on purpose. Being judgmental will only worsen their stress level. Avoid overreacting if they act out. In some cases, overloaded people become physically or verbally aggressive. As a caretaker, it's hard to not take it personally. This reaction is more about panic and not about you. Physical aggression usually is a response to provocation (such as being grabbed or cornered). Give them space. Back up if they flail or throw things. You can also try placing cushions (either to protect them or to provide something safe they can throw). Provide an exit. The fastest way to stop the overload is often to remove them from the situation. See if you can take them outside or to a quieter place. Gesture for them to follow you or show them the way (such as by opening a door). Holding hands is usually too much during sensory overload, since hands are often warm, hairy, and/or sweaty. If you want them to hold something and follow you, try offering them a sleeve or string. Make the area more hospitable. If you're indoors, lower any bright lights, turn off music, and encourage others to give your loved one some space. If you're outdoors, take them away from busy streets or other sources of noise and toward somewhere peaceful. Shoo away onlookers. Being stared at or pestered with questions can be awful when someone is having a hard time. Ask before touching them. During overload, the person can have trouble understanding what is happening, and if you startle them, they may misinterpret it as an attack. Offer first, and talk about what you're doing before you do it, so they have time to decline. For example, "I'd like to take your hand and lead you out of here," or "Hug?" Sometimes, overloaded people are soothed by a tight hug or a back rub. Other times, being touched makes it worse. Offer it, and don't worry if they say no; it isn't personal. Don't trap them or get in their way. They may panic and lash out, such as pushing you away from the door so that they can leave. Ask simple yes/no questions if you need to know something. Open-ended questions are more difficult to process, and when the person's brain is already struggling to cope, they may not be able to form a meaningful answer. If it's a yes or no question, they can nod their head or give a thumbs up/thumbs down to respond. Don't ask questions unless necessary. Just like how you shouldn't try to get a frozen computer to do more tasks, asking the person to process more spoken words can be too much. Respond to needs. The person might need a drink of water, a break, or to move onto a different activity. Think about what would be most helpful right now, and go do it. As a caretaker, It's easy to respond in your own frustration, but remind yourself that they cannot help their behaviors and they need your support. If you see someone using a harmful coping mechanism, alert someone who knows what to do (e.g. a parent or therapist). Trying to grab them may cause them to panic and lash out, putting both of you at risk for getting hurt. A therapist can help develop a plan to replace the harmful coping mechanism. Encourage self-calming, whatever it means to them. They might find it useful to rock back and forth, cuddle under a weighted blanket, hum, or get a massage from you. It's okay if it looks weird or isn't "age appropriate;" all that matters is that it helps them unwind. If you know of something that usually calms them (e.g. their favorite stuffed animal), bring it to them and set it within arm's reach. If they want it, they can grab it.	Recognize what overload looks like, not just in general but in this person. Reduce visual stimulation. Lower the noise level. Lessen tactile input. Limit strong smells. Pay attention to vestibular input. Keep a calm home environment. Try creating a "sensory diet. Take a sensory break. Find a balance. Set your limits. Give yourself time to recover. Consider coping techniques to deal with stress. Try occupational therapy. Intervene early. Be compassionate and understanding. Avoid overreacting if they act out. Provide an exit. Make the area more hospitable. Ask before touching them. Ask simple yes/no questions if you need to know something. Respond to needs. Encourage self-calming, whatever it means to them.
https://www.wikihow.com/Make-Organic-Pesticide	How to Make Organic Pesticide	To make organic pesticide, chop up 1/2 cup of hot peppers, like jalapeños or habaneros, and 1/2 cup of onion or garlic. Add these vegetables to your blender or food processor and pulse until you have a thick paste. Once they are blended, add the purée to 2 cups of warm water and let it sit overnight. The next day, strain out any solids and spray the mixture onto your plants. You can also make a natural pesticide by mixing a few teaspoons of mild dish soap with a gallon of warm water.	Mix 1/2 c (113 g) of hot peppers with 1/2 c (113 g) of garlic or onion. You can use any hot peppers you like, such as jalapeno and habanero chili peppers. You can also use a combination of onion and garlic instead of one or the other. Chop up all the vegetables thoroughly. Blend the vegetables together in an electric blender. Transfer the chopped veggies to a blender or food processor. Pulse the mixture until it forms a thick, chunky paste. Add the vegetable paste to 2 c (500 mL) of warm water. Measure out the warm water and pour it directly into the blender. Give the ingredients a stir to thoroughly mix them together. Pour the solution into a glass container and let it sit for 24 hours. You can also use a plastic container, but it will trap an unpleasant odor in the plastic. If possible, keep the container in a sunny location. If not, at least keep the mixture in a warm spot for about 24 hours. Strain the mixture. Pour the solution through a strainer, removing the vegetables and collecting the vegetable-infused water into another container. This water is your pesticide. You can discard the vegetables or put them in your compost. Pour your pesticide into a squirt bottle. Make sure that the spray bottle has first been cleaned with warm water and soap to rid it of any potential contaminants. Use a funnel to transfer the liquid into the squirt bottle and replace the nozzle. Spray your plants with the pesticide. Treat the infected plants every 4 to 5 days with the solution. After 3 or 4 treatments, the pests should scatter. If the area is thoroughly covered with the solution, this pesticide should keep bugs away for the rest of the season. Avoid spraying the plants during the sunniest parts of the day since it could burn your plants. Select a mild liquid dish-washing soap. Avoid anti-bacterial, scented, and other specialized soaps, since these may damage your plants. Dawn and castile soap are both great choices. Mix 1 tbsp (15 mL) of mild soap with 1 c (250 mL) cooking oil. Measure out both ingredients and pour them into a large bowl. Use either canola or vegetable cooking oil for best results. Combine 2 1/2 tsp (12 mL) of the mixture with 1 c (250 mL) of water. Stir the ingredients well to mix them thoroughly. Pour this new mixture into a large squirt bottle. Use a funnel to easily transfer the mixture into the spray bottle. Give the mixture another vigorous shake once you get it inside the bottle. Test the mix by spraying it onto a small portion of your plant. If the section of the plant you test the spray on wilts or changes color, try using a different soap for this pesticide or another type of pesticide. Spray the mixture anywhere you have problems. If you tested your solution and it did not cause any harm to your plant, spray it around your entire plant, including the undersides of leaves. Focus on areas where pests lay their eggs, since an oil spray is designed to target eggs and immature bugs. Use the spray during the early morning or late afternoon, since direct sunlight could burn your plants after using oil. Opt for a mild liquid dish-washing soap. The milder your soap is, the less likely it is to have a harmful effect on your plants. Stay away from anti-bacterial, scented, and other specialized soaps. Mild soaps like Dawn and castile soap work perfectly. Mix a few tsp (10 to 15 mL) of soap into 1 gallon (4 L) of water. Combine the soap and water in a large bowl. Use your hands or a large spoon to mix the ingredients together. Pour the solution into a large squirt bottle. Use a funnel to transfer the liquid and then replace the nozzle. You may not be able to fit all of the solution into a bottle! Just use the largest bottle you can find to make use of as much of the solution as possible. Test the mixture on your plants. Spray a small section of the infested plant with the solution and monitor it throughout the course of a day. If it does not wilt or change color, the solution is likely safe. Spray the pests directly with the mixture. Cover the top and undersides of leaves, focusing on the areas that seem the most overcome with pests. The spray works by removing the protective wax on the insect, which causes it to lose a fatal amount of water. Continue to spray your plants every 2-3 days for the next 2 weeks. Since this pesticide is fairly diluted, continued application is the only way to ensure that the infestation ends. Mix 1 c (250 mL) of loose tobacco into 1 gallon (4 L) of water. Combine the 2 ingredients thoroughly in a large bowl or container. Tobacco is useful in targeting caterpillars, aphids, and worms, but it is not safe to use on peppers, tomatoes, eggplants, or any member of the solanaceous plant family. Sit the mixture out in the sun or in another warm location. Put the container somewhere it won't be disturbed. Allow the mixture to rest for 24 hours. Check the color of the mixture. Ideally, the pesticide will look similar to the hue of a light tea. If it is too dark, dilute it with water. If it is too light to see, allow it to sit an additional few hours. Add 3 tbsp (45 mL) of mild liquid dish soap to the solution. Opt for a mild soap like Dawn or castile soap for best results. Pour it directly into the mixture, then stir thoroughly to combine the ingredients. Pour the mixture into a large squirt bottle. Use a funnel to transfer to liquid into a squirt bottle and replace the nozzle. Shake the solution inside the bottle once more to combine it further. Spray the infested plants with the solution. Focus on areas that show the most damage, but also cover spots that still seem in good condition. Peel an orange and reserve the rind. Citrus is especially helpful in targeting soft-bodied bugs, including slugs, aphids, fungus gnats , and mealy bugs. When sprayed directly onto the pests, this pesticide also works against ants and roaches. If you do not have a fresh orange, use 1.5 tsp (7.4 g) of dried citrus peels or 1/2 oz (15 mL) of orange oil. Put the peels in a glass container and add 2 c (500 mL) of boiling water. Fill a kettle with 2 c (500 mL) of water and bring it to a boil. Pour the boiling water into the glass container and allow the solution to sit in a warm spot for about 24 hours. Strain the solution and save the citrus-infused water. Pour the mixture into a strainer, removing the peels and saving the water. You can then discard the peels or put them in your compost. Add a few drops of castile soap to the water. Peppermint-scented castile soap, such as Dr. Bronner's, may prove especially effective. Mix the solution thoroughly to combine the ingredients. Pour the pesticide into a large squirt bottle. Use a funnel to transfer the liquid into the bottle and replace the nozzle. Spray the entire plant with the solution to ward off most soft-bodied pests. Spray it directly on top of ants and roaches. Combine 1/2 c (113 g) of dried chrysanthemums with 4 c (1 L) of water. Chrysanthemums contain a chemical component called pyrethrum, which is capable of paralyzing many garden insects. Mix the dried petals and water together in a large stockpot. Boil the mixture for 20 minutes. Place the stockpot on your stove over high heat bring it to a boil. Boiling the mixture releases the pyrethrum into the water. Turn off the heat after 20 minutes. Pour the solution through a strainer. Remove the dried flowers and save the infused water. You can discard the dried flowers or place them in your compost. Pour the pesticide solution into a spray bottle and treat plants. Use a funnel to transfer the liquid to the bottle. Focus on spraying the most damaged areas before moving on to less damaged areas. Cover the entire plant with solution, including the undersides of leaves. Store the solution for up to 2 months. Keep the solution in a cool, dark place, like your cupboard. After 2 months, the solution may no longer be effective, so it's best to throw it out and make a new batch. Combine 1/2 oz (15 mL) of neem oil with 1/2 tsp (2 1/2 mL) mild soap. Mix the 2 ingredients together in a bowl. You can get neem oil in most grocery and health food stores, as well as online. Use a mild soap like Dawn or castile soap for the best results. Neem oil , which comes from a bitter tree leaf, is thought to be one of the most effective natural pesticides in existence. Mix the neem and soap into 2 quarts (2 L) of warm water. Fill a large container with the water, then add the oil and soap mixture to it. Stir slowly until the ingredients are thoroughly mixed together. Pour the pesticide into a spray bottle. Transfer the solution to a spray bottle with a funnel. Spray the pesticide immediately, dousing the entire plant and focusing on spots where you can clearly see pests or signs of pests. Re-apply the pesticide regularly to prevent any infestation.	Mix 1/2 c (113 g) of hot peppers with 1/2 c (113 g) of garlic or onion. Blend the vegetables together in an electric blender. Add the vegetable paste to 2 c (500 mL) of warm water. Pour the solution into a glass container and let it sit for 24 hours. Strain the mixture. Pour your pesticide into a squirt bottle. Spray your plants with the pesticide. Select a mild liquid dish-washing soap. Mix 1 tbsp (15 mL) of mild soap with 1 c (250 mL) cooking oil. Combine 2 1/2 tsp (12 mL) of the mixture with 1 c (250 mL) of water. Pour this new mixture into a large squirt bottle. Test the mix by spraying it onto a small portion of your plant. Spray the mixture anywhere you have problems. Opt for a mild liquid dish-washing soap. Mix a few tsp (10 to 15 mL) of soap into 1 gallon (4 L) of water. Pour the solution into a large squirt bottle. Test the mixture on your plants. Spray the pests directly with the mixture. Continue to spray your plants every 2-3 days for the next 2 weeks. Mix 1 c (250 mL) of loose tobacco into 1 gallon (4 L) of water. Sit the mixture out in the sun or in another warm location. Check the color of the mixture. Add 3 tbsp (45 mL) of mild liquid dish soap to the solution. Pour the mixture into a large squirt bottle. Spray the infested plants with the solution. Peel an orange and reserve the rind. Put the peels in a glass container and add 2 c (500 mL) of boiling water. Strain the solution and save the citrus-infused water. Add a few drops of castile soap to the water. Pour the pesticide into a large squirt bottle. Combine 1/2 c (113 g) of dried chrysanthemums with 4 c (1 L) of water. Boil the mixture for 20 minutes. Pour the solution through a strainer. Pour the pesticide solution into a spray bottle and treat plants. Store the solution for up to 2 months. Combine 1/2 oz (15 mL) of neem oil with 1/2 tsp (2 1/2 mL) mild soap. Mix the neem and soap into 2 quarts (2 L) of warm water. Pour the pesticide into a spray bottle.
https://www.wikihow.com/Determine-Whether-Two-Variables-Are-Directly-Proportional	How to Determine Whether Two Variables Are Directly Proportional	To tell if 2 variables are directly proportional while looking at their graphs, note if their x- and y- intercept coordinates are changed by the same factor. If they are, they are proportional! If you don't have a graph, you can tell if 2 variables are directly proportional by writing down the equation of the line. If you can use algebra to rewrite the equation to read y=kx, wherein y = the y coordinate, k = the constant, and x = the x coordinate, then the variables are directly proportional.	Understand direct proportion. Two variables are in direct proportion if each variable changes at the same rate. In other words, if x {\displaystyle x} changes by a certain factor or constant ( k {\displaystyle k} ), then y {\displaystyle y} changes by that same constant ( k {\displaystyle k} ). Write down the equation of the line. The equation will have two variables and a constant. If you are not given the equation, you cannot use this method. For example, you might be given the equation y x = 3 2 {\displaystyle {\frac {y}{x}}={\frac {3}{2}}}. Rewrite the equation in the form of direct proportion, or variation. The equation is y = k x {\displaystyle y=kx} , where y {\displaystyle y} equals the y-coordinate of a point on the line, x {\displaystyle x} equals the x-coordinate for that same point, and k {\displaystyle k} is the constant, or slope of the line. Use algebra to rearrange the equation in the form of y = k x {\displaystyle y=kx}. If you can't rewrite the equation in this form, the variables are not directly proportional. If you can, it proves that they are directly proportional. For example, if you multiply both sides of the equation y x = 3 2 {\displaystyle {\frac {y}{x}}={\frac {3}{2}}} by x {\displaystyle x} , the equation becomes y = 3 2 x {\displaystyle y={\frac {3}{2}}x} , which is in the form of y = k x {\displaystyle y=kx} , with 3 2 {\displaystyle {\frac {3}{2}}} being the constant. Identify the x-coordinates of the first two points. You should be given a list of coordinates, or have a graph from which you can determine the coordinates of the points. If you don't have the coordinates of points on the line, you cannot use this method. For example, you might be given the set of points x y 2 1 4 2 6 3 {\displaystyle {\begin{matrix}x&y\\\hline \\2&1\\4&2\\6&3\end{matrix}}} The x-coordinate of the first point is 2, and the x-coordinate of the second point is 4. Determine the factor by which the x{\displaystyle x} variable grows. To do this, determine which factor, or constant, the first x-coordinate is multiplied by to arrive at the second coordinate. For example, if the first x-coordinate is 2, and the second x-coordinate is 4, you need to determine what you multiply 2 by to get 4: 2 k = 4 {\displaystyle 2k=4} 2 k 2 = 4 2 {\displaystyle {\frac {2k}{2}}={\frac {4}{2}}} k = 2 {\displaystyle k=2} So, the x {\displaystyle x} variable grows by the constant 2. Determine the factor by which the y{\displaystyle y} variable grows. Use the same two points you used to determine the growth of x {\displaystyle x}. Use algebra to determine the factor by which the two coordinates vary. For example, if the first y-coordinate is 1, and the second y-coordinate is 2, you need to determine what you multiply 1 by to get 2: 1 k = 2 {\displaystyle 1k=2} 1 k 1 = 2 1 {\displaystyle {\frac {1k}{1}}={\frac {2}{1}}} k = 2 {\displaystyle k=2} So, the variable y {\displaystyle y} grows by the constant 2. Compare the constants of the two variables. If x {\displaystyle x} and y {\displaystyle y} changed at the same rate, or by the same factor, then they are directly proportional. For example, since the x-coordinates changed by a factor of 2 while the y-coordinates also changed by a factor of 2, the two variables are directly proportional. Note whether the line is straight. When two variables are in proportion, the line representing them will be straight. This means that the slope of the line is constant, or follows the equation y = k x {\displaystyle y=kx}. Determine the y-intercept. The y-intercept is the point where the line crosses the y-axis. When two variables are directly proportional, when graphed their line will cross through the origin. The origin is at the point ( 0 , 0 ) {\displaystyle (0,0)} , so the y-intercept of the line should be 0 {\displaystyle 0}. If it isn't, the variables are not directly proportional. The y-axis is the vertical axis. Find the coordinates of two points on the line. Compare the coordinates with each other, and determine whether each coordinate changed by the same factor. That is, determine whether the constant ( k {\displaystyle k} ) is the same for both the x {\displaystyle x} and y {\displaystyle y} values. For example, if the first point is ( 1 , 3 ) {\displaystyle (1,3)} , and the second point is ( 2 , 6 ) {\displaystyle (2,6)} , the x-coordinate changed by a factor of 2, since 1 ( 2 ) = 2 {\displaystyle 1(2)=2}. The y-coordinate also changed by a factor of 2, since 3 ( 2 ) = 6 {\displaystyle 3(2)=6}. Thus, you can confirm that the line represents two variables that are directly proportional. Look at the equation. Determine whether the two variables are directly proportional: x y = 6 {\displaystyle xy=6}. Remember that if the variables are directly proportional, they will follow the pattern y = k x {\displaystyle y=kx}. Use algebra to rewrite the equation. Isolate the y {\displaystyle y} variable by dividing each side by x {\displaystyle x} : x y x = 6 x {\displaystyle {\frac {xy}{x}}={\frac {6}{x}}} y = 6 1 x {\displaystyle y=6{\frac {1}{x}}} Assess whether the rewritten equation follows the pattern y = k x {\displaystyle y=kx}. In this instance, the equation does not, so the variables are not directly proportional. In fact, they are inversely proportional. Consider the following set of points. Are the variables directly proportional? x y 1 3 3 9 9 27 {\displaystyle {\begin{matrix}x&y\\\hline \\1&3\\3&9\\9&27\end{matrix}}} Determine the growth of x {\displaystyle x}. Do this by finding the factor you multiply the first x-coordinate by to reach the second coordinate: 1 k = 3 {\displaystyle 1k=3} 1 k 1 = 3 1 {\displaystyle {\frac {1k}{1}}={\frac {3}{1}}} k = 3 {\displaystyle k=3} So, the x-coordinate grows by factor of 3. Determine the growth of y {\displaystyle y} : 3 k = 9 {\displaystyle 3k=9} 3 k 3 = 9 3 {\displaystyle {\frac {3k}{3}}={\frac {9}{3}}} k = 3 {\displaystyle k=3} So, the y-coordinate grows by factor of 3. Compare the factor, or constant, of the two variables. They both grow by a factor of 3. Therefore, the variables are directly proportional. Consider a graph of the line y=4x+3{\displaystyle y=4x+3}. Does the graph show direct proportion between variables? Note whether the line is straight. Since the equation of the line is in slope-intercept form, it has a constant slope, meaning the line is straight. So potentially, the variables are directly proportional. Determine the y-intercept. If the variables are directly proportional, the line will pass through the point ( 0 , 0 ) {\displaystyle (0,0)}. The y-intercept of this line is the point ( 0 , 3 ) {\displaystyle (0,3)}. So, the variables are not directly proportional.	Understand direct proportion. Write down the equation of the line. Rewrite the equation in the form of direct proportion, or variation. Identify the x-coordinates of the first two points. Determine the factor by which the x{\displaystyle x} variable grows. Determine the factor by which the y{\displaystyle y} variable grows. Compare the constants of the two variables. Note whether the line is straight. Determine the y-intercept. Find the coordinates of two points on the line. Look at the equation. Consider the following set of points. Consider a graph of the line y=4x+3{\displaystyle y=4x+3}.
https://www.wikihow.com/Make-Paper-Fans	How to Make Paper Fans	To make a paper fan, start by cutting a piece of paper into a rectangle and folding the top edge by one third. Next, fold the paper in half vertically and use your finger to crease the edge. Unfold the vertical fold, and fold the left and right edges in toward the crease you just made and continue making vertical folds. Once the paper is folded, unfold everything, rotate the paper 90°, and pinch the creases into you upward “V” shapes.	Pick your paper to determine the size and color of your fan. If you're a beginner at origami, origami-specific paper can be picked up at your local craft store. You can also use thin plain paper and card stock as popular alternatives. Origami can be folded from any type of paper, as long as it is the appropriate thickness. Origami paper, also known as kami, is what is traditionally used in this famed Japanese practice. Kami is advantageous because it is thin, flexible, and often pre-cut into squares. However, kami was invented to be a less expensive option to Western paper, meaning it can be low quality. Plain copy paper is used for many styles of beginner origami. When choosing copy paper, look for a thinner option as it will fold and crease nicely, whereas a thicker version will be lumpy and unsightly after folding. Card-stock, or craft paper is another popular paper choice for folding. The advantage to card stock is that it comes in endless amounts of shapes, and colors; however, sometimes it can be too thick and rigid leading to cracking within your design. The best way to determine if the paper is too thick is to try a few quick folds. If the paper does not have an even, smooth crease or tears under the pressure of your folds, it is likely too thick for origami. Trim your paper size to reflect your desired fan size. When you desire a longer fan, use a rectangular shaped paper. Your fan will be approximately two thirds the length of the longer side of the rectangle. Otherwise, you can stick with a square piece of paper. A square piece will yield a fan approximately two thirds the length of the square's sides. Paper that is 15 cm x 15 cm (6” x 6”) is good for beginners. but you can also use a larger piece if you desire a longer fan. The 15 cm x 15 cm paper choice will allow for a small, handheld fan. If you desire a larger fan, try starting with 20 cm x 20cm (8” x 8”). Cut your square piece of paper into a rectangle. If you are using a rectangular piece of paper, skip this step. With the paper front-side up, fold down a portion of one side and crease. Unfold the crease and use scissors to cut along the crease. Now you have a rectangular piece of paper. If you have access, use a paper cutter. A paper cutter allows for a quick and straight cut by placing the paper on the mount, aligning it up the corners and pulling the blade down in one quick motion. This is effective for cutting several pieces of paper at once. Cut slowly. You want to do your best to cut a straight line in order to have an even fan. If you're struggling to get a straight cut, try using larger cuts to ensure the smoothness. Lay the paper down on its decorative side. It should be back-side up, with the non-decorative or plain side facing you. Fold down the top edge by one third. Think of folding it like a hot dog bun; you want to fold along the longer edge to produce a long, skinny fold. Line up your corners of the top of the sides of the paper to ensure a straight fold, then crease from the center outwards. With the paper folded closed, you can use your fingers to set the crease by pushing directly down it with your fingers. Pick the folded paper up and look at it's profile from the side view, ensuring that the decorative side is downwards. Note the “V” shape in the fold. This is called a “valley fold.” Fold the paper in half, vertically, keeping your initial fold from the previous step. You want to do a second “hamburger fold.” That is, you want it to be short and wide, like a hamburger bun (versus the long and slim, hot dog fold.) Fold the left side of the paper onto the right side, align the corners and crease from the center for an even valley fold, then open the fold again. Now you will have a sharp vertical crease in the center. Fold the left and right edges in towards the center crease. You want to make two vertical flaps meeting at the center, not overlapping. This is called a "gate fold." Think of it as two closing doors meeting in the middle, like a gate. Continue making vertical gate folds. Fold the two vertical edges in twice more, or until you have two inward-folding flaps about 1 cm or 0.5 inch wide. The sides will be folded over themselves, making two slim flaps. Make sure your folds are straight with sharp creases at each step. Unfold all of the previously made vertical folds. Be gentle while unfolding to prevent tearing your hard work. Now you will have several vertical creases. Each crease should be approximately 1 cm in width. Do not unfold the horizontal fold from step two. Rotate the paper 90 degrees. The fold from step two will be running vertically on the left. Now the creases that were previously vertical are horizontal. Depending on which hand is your dominant, it may feel more comfortable to have your thick vertical fold on the right. Try laying your paper with the fold on each side, and see what feels most comfortable for the upcoming steps. Make one valley fold along the bottom crease. Starting from the bottom, fold the horizontal edge upwards. From a side profile, the fold should maintain a “V” shape. Don't forget to keep your edges lined up to create an accurate, tidy fold. Fold the bottom edge outwards along the next crease. Hold your previous fold and crease underneath the paper. There will be decorative paper on decorative paper in this fold. This is called a "mountain fold.” From the side profile, the peak of the mountain will be at the top, opposite to the downwards “V” fold. From the bottom of the paper there should be first a valley fold, and above that will be a mountain fold. Repeat alternating folds with the remaining horizontal creases. Fold a valley, then a mountain, and repeat. This series of folds resembles an accordion. You will immediately start to see a pattern in your folding. If you make a mistake, be patient and keep trying. It may seem overwhelming at first, but the process will seem easy after the first few tries. Cut a piece of string to a length appropriate for your fan. A suitable length is approximately 15 cm which the length of the original paper before folding. When it comes to choosing the string for the handle, you can pick yarn, string, cord, or anything similar. Pick a color to complement your fan but don't let traditional color pallets limit you. Get your creative juices flowing. Hold the fan and tie off a handle with string. When looking at your fan, the handle will be the portion that does not contain the horizontal fold. Choose the length of the handle you want by holding different locations and seeing whats comfortable. While pinching the bottom of the fan, wind the yarn, thread or cord around it several times. Tie a knot and cut away the excess after you have tied the knot off. If you feel your fan is too large, the bottom, unfolded edge can be trimmed off in a straight line. Do this by tying your handle further up than desired, and trimming off the excess bottom piece below the yarn or string. like. When it comes to tying the string, a shoelace bow gives a simple but cute touch. If you're looking for something more hearty, try double knotting it by tying the loops of your knot into each other a second time. You can decorate your handle as well. Tie on beads, charms or feathers to add dimension to simple yarn or cord. Attach your fan to gift wrapping, give it to a doll, use as a place setting, or find another creative use for it. Now that you know how easy it is, you can make several more. If you want to alter your fan, simply unwrap the handle and unfold. After your mountain and valley folds are present you may want to do extra decorating within the folds, such as glitter glue or stickers. When you reassemble your fan, it will fit together easily as the folds have already been creased.	Pick your paper to determine the size and color of your fan. Trim your paper size to reflect your desired fan size. Cut your square piece of paper into a rectangle. Lay the paper down on its decorative side. Fold down the top edge by one third. Fold the paper in half, vertically, keeping your initial fold from the previous step. Fold the left and right edges in towards the center crease. Continue making vertical gate folds. Unfold all of the previously made vertical folds. Rotate the paper 90 degrees. Make one valley fold along the bottom crease. Fold the bottom edge outwards along the next crease. Repeat alternating folds with the remaining horizontal creases. Cut a piece of string to a length appropriate for your fan. Hold the fan and tie off a handle with string. Attach your fan to gift wrapping, give it to a doll, use as a place setting, or find another creative use for it.
https://www.wikihow.com/Be-Strong	How to Be Strong	To be mentally strong, work on having a positive outlook in life, even when things aren't going as you wanted or planned. If someone is trying to bring you down, stay strong and remember that no one can take your positive attitude away from you. Also, even though it's not always easy, always push yourself and try again whenever you fail, since mentally strong people don't give up.	Remember that you are in control. Strength implies having power and being able to change your own life, while weakness implies being powerless and helpless. Whatever your circumstances, there are things you can control, and things you can't. The key is to focus on the things you can control. Make a list of what is troubling you, then make a list of what you can do to make each situation better. Accept the items on the first list (they are what they are) and focus your energy on the second list. In studies of people with a high Adversity Quotient (AQ), it's observed that resilient people not only always find some aspect of a situation that they can control, but also feel responsible for taking action to fix the situation, even if their hardship was caused by someone else. Those with a low AQ, however, ignore opportunities to take action and deflect accountability, presuming that because they didn't create the situation, they should not be the ones to fix it. Choose your attitude. Sometimes, we encounter situations in which we really are helpless to enact change. Even though these times are trying, you can still be in control because no matter what, you can always control your attitude towards life. As Victor Frankl put it: "We who lived in concentration camps can remember the men who walked through the huts comforting others, giving away their last piece of bread. They may have been few in number, but they offer sufficient proof that everything can be taken from a man but one thing: the last of the human freedoms—to choose one's attitude in any given set of circumstances, to choose one's own way." Regardless of what is happening, be positive. If somebody is making your life miserable, don't let them crush your spirit. Continue to be proud , have hope , and remember that attitude is something that no one can take away from you. "No one can make you feel inferior without your consent," as Eleanor Roosevelt said. Try not to let a crisis or hardship in one area of your life spill over into other areas of your life. If you're facing great difficulty with work, for instance, don't behave irritably towards your significant other when they've done nothing but try to help. Eliminate the side effects of your hardship by controlling your own attitude. Resilient people do not turn every setback into a catastrophe, nor do they let negative events follow a domino effect through their lives. If it helps, remember and recite the Serenity prayer: "Grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change, the courage to change the things I can, and wisdom to know the difference." Rediscover your zest for life. Emotionally strong people view each and every day as a gift. They try to structure them so that the gift is taken advantage of fully. Remember when you were a child and could get excited by the simplest wonders of life — playing with leaves in the fall, drawing a make-believe animal, eating a s'more? Find that inner child. Be that inner child. Your ability to be mentally and emotionally strong depends on it. Have faith in yourself. You've made it this far. You can make it through just one more day. And if you take it just one day at a time, or even one moment at a time, you can survive whatever you're going through. It won't be easy, and you're not invincible, so take baby steps. When you feel like you're about to fall apart, close your eyes and take a deep breath. Remember these things in your quest: Don't listen to the naysayers. There will always be people who doubt you, for whatever reason. Your job is to not listen to them and, ultimately, to prove them wrong. Don't let them take hope away from you just because they've lost theirs. The world is practically begging you to transform it. What are you waiting for? Think about the times that you've succeeded. Use them as motivation in your journey. Whether it's that classroom assignment you aced, that person you talked to, or the birth of your child, let it feed your desire to be a stronger, more adjusted person. Like begets like! Try, try, and try again. There will come a time when you doubt yourself because you tried and failed. But failure is part of success, and everyone fails sometimes. Look up famous people who have failed multiple times before accomplishing their goals to help you get inspired. Pick your battles wisely. Does every little thing that exasperates you — a colleague asking a question, a driver cutting you off — need to? Ask yourself why and whether these things matter. Try whittling your life down to a few core values that mean the world to you, and don't worry about anything else. As Sylvia Robinson once said, "Some people think it's holding on that makes one strong — sometimes it's letting go." Reach out to the people who mean the most to you. Spend time with friends and family, along with others who are supportive and positive. If no one is available, make new friends. And if there are no friends to be found, help others who are in greater need than you are. Sometimes when we feel like we can't better our own situations, we can find strength in bettering someone else's, and we can also gain perspective on our own lives. There's no doubting it — humans are very social animals. Studies and science both point to social wellbeing as an important factor in emotional and physical health. If you feel like you're struggling socially, it's worth trying to get some help. Here's a start: Have a great conversation with someone Get over mistakes — don't let them define you! Recover after a breakup Overcome shyness Act like an extrovert Strike a balance between work and play, rest and activity. Sounds easy enough, doesn't it? It's sorely overlooked precisely because it's deceptively hard. Either we work too hard and are constantly moving around, or we slack off more than we should and lounge like hippos, idle, on the banks of opportunity. Getting a good balance between work and play, rest and activity, will allow you to appreciate each mode for what it's worth. The grass won't seem greener on the other side because you won't be boxed in just one pasture. Be thankful for what you have. Life is tough, but if you look closely enough, you'll find an infinite number of things to be grateful for in spite of the struggles of existence. Even if the things and people that made you happy in the past are gone, there's so much more to appreciate still. The joy you derive from the world around you is the fuel that'll push you through the hardest of times, so pay attention to what you have and enjoy it for what it's worth. Sure, you might not have that new shirt, or whatever it is you want, but at least you have this computer, with the Internet, equipped with the ability to read. At least you have this article to help you out. Some people can't read, have no computer, and are homeless. They wish they had what you did. Try downloading a gratitude app for your smartphone. This will remind you to write about what you are grateful for every day and help you to develop an attitude of gratitude. Don't take things so seriously. Charlie Chaplin knew something about comedy. He famously said: "Life is a tragedy when seen in close-up, but a comedy in long-shot." It's all too easy to get wrapped up in our own small tragedies that cause us to act and react on a micro level. But take a step back and look at life more philosophically, more mischievously, more romantically. The wonder, the limitless possibilities, the absurdity of it all — it's enough to make you laugh at how strangely lucky you are. Because, let's face it, life is just more fun when it isn't taken too seriously. And while making fun and being happy certainly isn't all life has to offer, it's an important part, right? Remember that nothing is permanent. If you're in the middle of a period of grief or pain that you can't control, stand aside and let the moment happen. If you are going through a prolonged period of difficulty, remind yourself that this, too, shall pass. Accept the good and the bad moments in your life for what they are and don't get too attached to either state. Learn to let go when things get bad, and appreciate life when it is good. This will help to keep you grounded when life gets difficult. Eat healthy. One of the biggest hurdles we face in growing physically stronger is putting nutritious, energizing food in our bodies day in and day out. We've all been there: The fast food drive-through lane beckons to us, even though we told ourselves we'd cook broccoli and fish tonight. What if we told ourselves that our lives truly depended on it? Would we change our eating habits then? Focus primarily on consuming vegetables and fruits. Supplement this part of your diet with lean proteins, such as those found in poultry, fish, dairy, nuts, and beans. Know the difference between complex carbs and simple carbs and prioritize complex carbs, which tend to be absorbed slower and offer more fiber. Prioritize healthy fats over unhealthy ones. Unsaturated fats, such as olive oil, and omega 3 fatty acids, found in salmon and flax seeds, are actually good for you in moderation. Avoid unhealthy fats such as saturated and trans fats. Mix it up. Add variety to your diet. You want to get strong, but take pleasure in eating. Food isn't just about bulking up. Enjoying it for what it is will make you a more well-rounded individual and help you stay fitter. Exercise. Getting strong isn't just about pumping iron. It's about working with your entire body to burn fat, build muscle, and develop endurance. There are tons and tons of exercises you can try to get a full body workout , but the important thing to remember here is consistency. Exercise for at least 30 minutes every day, even if those 30 minutes are walking the dog for 20 and "stretching" for 10! . Start working with weights Building muscle will help you stay strong, but getting there is the tough part. Equal parts grueling and boring (just kidding!), weight-lifting systematically breaks down and then repairs muscle in order to make it even stronger. For more complete strength, focus on your entire body. You don't want to look like the gym-rat who only works on biceps and never makes it for leg day. Build muscle in your chest area Build muscle in your legs and thighs Build muscle in your arms and shoulders Build muscle in your core Get enough sleep. In order to rebuild muscle, reduce stress, and stay balanced emotionally, the human body needs anywhere from 8 to 10 hours of sleep per night for most adults. You're not going to go breaking strength records on 4 hours of sleep. And if you don't sleep well or long enough one night, be prepared to try to sleep even more the next night, as you've built up a sleep deficit. Steer clear of so-called vices like cigarettes, excessive alcohol, and other drugs. Everyone understands that smoking cigarettes, abusing drugs, and drinking excessively is a recipe for poor health. And yet we either seem to justify it to ourselves in some way, or just conveniently forget it when the time comes to control the urge. To help you rationally control any urges, here are some statistics that put nicotine and alcohol into context: Almost 500,000 smokers die in the U.S. each year alone. And smokers die, on average, between 13 and 14 years younger than non-smoking counterparts. That's almost a quarter of your life you're needlessly throwing away. 49% of murders, 52% of rapes, 21% of suicides, 60% of child abuse, and over 50% of fatal road accidents occur at least in part because of alcohol. Connect to a force that is greater than you. Whether that force is one of the religions' or merely the force of the universe, know that spirituality is all and only about you and your beliefs. Know that you don't have to believe in God to believe in a greater spiritual reality. Explore your beliefs, as well as those of others, and settle into a framework which you believe. Ask questions and never stop learning. Becoming spiritually "strong" and spiritually "active" aren't necessarily the same thing. The spiritually active person might adopt a belief or assume a faith and leave it at that, never questioning the faith's usefulness or tenets. The spiritually strong person asks questions about sacred texts, scrutinizes behavior, and is constantly looking for answers both inside and outside the framework of their faith. A spiritually strong Christian, for example, has no problem talking to an atheist and debating the finer points of Biblical orthodoxy. They might view the experience as an opportunity to learn, a refreshing departure from the usual. Their faith is usually strengthened by such an encounter, and if it isn't, that doubt is calmly and judiciously explored. Avoid judging other people for their spiritual beliefs. Imagine if you neighbor or a complete stranger came up to you and told you that your faith was completely misguided and forced you to believe in his spiritual order — all without your consent. How would you feel? Not very good, most likely. Well, that's how other people feel when proselytized or otherwise compelled to believe. Balance your own faith with your duty to your common man in as unobtrusive a way as possible. Identify blessings in your life. Most religions and spiritual orders believe in the idea of a blessing, which is help or approval from God or the universe. What's a blessing in your life? Try this helpful exercise for one week to hone your perception of just how many blessings you have. For seven successive days, identify a blessing that was given to you from the following: Family member Neighbor Friend Work colleague Stranger Child Enemy Help spread love from wherever you are. Spiritual strength ultimately is a form of faith that the universe is a mystery but that love between humans is self-evident. Be an agent of change and a force for good by spreading love. Whether it's a simple gesture of providing food to the homeless, smiling at a stranger, or sacrificing your well-being for the well-being of someone else, spreading love gets us all a little closer to understanding the mystery that ties us all together.	Remember that you are in control. Choose your attitude. Rediscover your zest for life. Have faith in yourself. Pick your battles wisely. Reach out to the people who mean the most to you. Strike a balance between work and play, rest and activity. Be thankful for what you have. Don't take things so seriously. Remember that nothing is permanent. Eat healthy. Exercise. . Get enough sleep. Steer clear of so-called vices like cigarettes, excessive alcohol, and other drugs. Connect to a force that is greater than you. Ask questions and never stop learning. Avoid judging other people for their spiritual beliefs. Identify blessings in your life. Help spread love from wherever you are.
https://www.wikihow.com/Speed-Up-Labor	How to Speed Up Labor	To speed up labor, take a short walk to help the baby get into the ideal birthing position, which will make labor quicker and easier. In order to prompt contractions, stimulate your nipples, which will release the hormone oxytocin and signal your body that it's time for the baby to come. You can also try relaxing by having your partner give you a massage, taking a warm bath, or doing some deep breathing exercises, which will allow your muscles to relax and ease some of your discomfort. If your water hasn't broken yet, you can also try having sex, which can naturally induce labor since sperm will stimulate the cervix.	Spend plenty of time on your feet. Standing upright can help your baby get in the ideal birthing position (the anterior position) so that labor will be quicker and easier. Constantly sitting at a desk or lying down during pregnancy alters the position of your pelvis, which can increase the likelihood that your baby ends up in the posterior position with the back of its head pressed up against your spine. This can cause lower back pain during labor and potentially delay giving birth as you wait your baby to make a 180 degree turn at your pelvis. Try acupuncture. One study conducted at the University of North Carolina found that pregnant women who got acupuncture at 40 weeks were more likely to go into labor naturally than those who didn't. As you near your due date, consider getting acupuncture to help naturally induce labor. Drink enough water. Being dehydrated can cause "false contractions," or contractions that occur before labor has even begun. Staying properly hydrated once labor has started is also important to maintain your strength and stamina. Stimulate your nipples. This releases the hormone oxytocin which can help prompt contractions. You can either have your partner do this for you or use a breast pump. Have sex. If your water has not broken yet, having sex can help naturally induce labor. When the man ejaculates inside the vagina, the prostaglandins contained in his sperm help stimulate the cervix. Make sure that the man ejaculates inside the vagina so that the prostaglandins can do their job. Take a short walk. Many people believe that light physical activity, like walking or cleaning around the house, can help speed up the labor process. Only do as much physical activity as you feel safe and comfortable doing. Relax. Being stressed can cause you to tighten your muscles which is the opposite of what you want to happen during labor. Have your partner give you a massage or try breathing exercises to help relax. You may also find that a warm bath helps you relax and ease some of the discomfort caused by your contractions. Have more than one child. Most women experience significantly longer labors for their first born than with their next kids because the cervix and vaginal walls have not yet been stretched or dilated. Your subsequent labors will likely be much shorter and less painful Know when to medically induce labor. There are a few circumstances that might prompt your healthcare provider to suggest medically inducing labor. They include, among other things: You are two weeks past your due date. Your uterus is infected. You are not having contractions even after your water has broken. You have a preexisting health condition, like high blood pressure or diabetes, that might put your baby at risk. Your placenta is deteriorating. Your baby has stopped growing unexpectedly. There's not enough fluid within the amniotic sac protecting your baby.	Spend plenty of time on your feet. Try acupuncture. Drink enough water. Stimulate your nipples. Have sex. Take a short walk. Relax. Have more than one child. Know when to medically induce labor.
https://www.wikihow.com/Buy-a-First-Home	How to Buy a First Home	To buy a first home, make sure you have a high level of financial and personal security since purchasing a home is a big investment. Also, try to improve your credit score as much as possible since having a good credit score will make the home-buying process easier and cheaper. Generally, you'll need to make a down payment worth 20 percent of a home's value, as well as have 6 months' worth of mortgage payments in the bank, so try to start saving as early as possible.	Assess your financial readiness. Buying a home requires a high level of financial and personal security. You should have a steady income and expect for that income to remain steady in the coming years. In addition, consider whether or not you are planning to stay in the area long-term. If you don't imagine yourself in the same city in five years, you should reconsider purchasing a home. Don't just buy a home because it would be cheaper than rent and interest rates are favorable at the moment. Wait until you know you are truly financially and personally ready. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) offers housing counselors that can help you plan for your first home purchase. Visit http://www.hud.gov/counseling to find a counselor near you. Improve your credit score. Your credit score will have a strong bearing on your ability to qualify for a loan. Having excellent credit will also reduce the amount of interest you will pay on the loan. Make sure that your credit score is good or excellent (over 700 or 750, respectively) to get the best rates. If you are applying with a partner, spouse, or friend, you will both need high credit scores to get these benefits. One person's poor credit can drag the overall application score down significantly. Check your credit score for free at http://www.annualcreditreport.com. You can access this score once per year. Save up for your purchase. In order to qualify for a home loan , you'll usually need a down payment of 20 percent of the value of the home. In many cases, you'll also need at least six months' worth of mortgage payments in the bank. Finally, you'll also need money to cover closing costs, insurance, and taxes. If you don't have this money yet, consider waiting and saving for a few more years. You may be able to purchase a home with little or nothing down. However, this will typically require an additional expense known as Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI), that will add a significant amount to your monthly expenses. Closing costs can be anywhere from 2 to 5 percent of the home's selling price. Be sure to factor these into your calculations. Calculate your budget. Start by searching online for a calculator that can tell you how much home you can afford. Input your income and other expenses to see what your budget is. Then, search for homes on real estate listing websites like Trulia and Realtor.com to get an idea of what type of home you can afford. If these results don't meet your expectations, consider waiting to purchase your desired home when you can afford it. Remember that even though may technically be able to afford a certain amount, that doesn't mean that you can comfortably afford it. Remember that there will be unexpected home expenses, maintenance, and potentially unexpected life expenses in the months to come. The point is, don't go broke buying a house. If you can't afford a certain amount comfortably, lower your budget. Check to see if you qualify for government loan assistance. There is a large variety of loans available to first-time home buyers. In addition to standard bank loans, there may also be loans backed by your state that offer lower-than-market interest rates. In addition, the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) offers loans with low down payments to low-income buyers. These loans are also ideal for those with lower credit scores, as approval is easier to obtain. Veterans may also be able to qualify for VA loans, some of which offer favorable terms like 0 percent down. Talk to your agent, mortgage broker, or lender about availability for these programs. For example, the FHA offers first-time buyers the ability to buy a home with as little as 3.5 percent down. Visit http://www.fha.gov/ for more information. Obtain mortgage pre-approval. Visit lenders in your area to get quotes for mortgage loans. Make sure to ask for loans with your desired terms, both in amount and duration. Once you've found one at a favorable rate, get a lender letter of pre-approval stating that you are eligible for a home loan of a specific sum of money. Many real estate agents require this as a prerequisite before taking on a prospective client. Describe your dream home. Determine what qualities you want in a home. Think about your present and futures needs for bedrooms, bathrooms, and common spaces. Think about your needs if you have a home business, hobby, or entertain guests frequently. Consider location as well. If you have children, you will want to be in a very safe area that's close to your desired school district. Make a list of qualities of your "dream home" to bring to your realtor. The HUD provides a printable home "wish list" at http://portal.hud.gov/hudportal/documents/huddoc?id=wishlist-en.pdf. Fill it out to help guide your search. Contact a full-service agent. Locate a good agent through referrals or online reviews. Go to their office and meet in person. Advise the agent of your situation and present your lender letter. Let the agent know what your preferences are. Ask to see available properties on the Multiple Listing Service (MLS) while you are there. Get a print-out of all information and availability along with current photographs for each house. Seek an agent who is honest and moves quickly for you. Otherwise your dream home might slip away. Let the agent take you on a tour of the homes that interest you. Take notes about your first impressions and assess each home according to how well it meets, or fails to meet, your requirements. Ignore things that you can change, like paint colors, decor, and carpet. Imagine the house as it will be, not as it currently is. You can renovate a kitchen, but adding another floor or another bedroom is much more difficult. When evaluating, remember your priorities. Don't settle on a bad location just because you like the layout of the house. Ask to revisit the two or three you like best. Narrow your search down to about three homes that meet your needs most closely. Your realtor can then schedule second visits of these homes so that you can look for any details you may have missed on your first pass. Investigate the neighborhood. Make sure to check out the neighborhood before settling on a home. Talk to the neighbors about the incidence of crime, any noise issues, and the neighborhood community. Visit the neighborhood at different times of day to get a better feel for it yourself. You'll recognize red flags when you see or hear them. Prepare an offer on your favorite. Ask for advice from the agent on the right amount to offer. The classic advice is to come in lower than the asking price. However, particularly desirable homes or those in competitive markets may require an offer at or even above asking. Your realtor will likely have a better handle on where you should make an offer relative to the asking price, so defer to their judgment. However, don't stretch your budget beyond your means, even if your dream house is in high demand. Submit your offer. Let the agent submit your offer-to-purchase as soon as possible. Good properties don't last on the market very long. You will usually have to fill out an offer sheet with the help of your agent. This offer is then submitted to the seller for review. They can either accept or return with a counter-offer. Counter-offers are more common, though they may only make minor changes to the offer terms. Make sure to stay in close contact with your realtor after submitting an offer so that you can quickly review any counter-offers. Ask the agent to explain the closing process. Closing, also called settlement or escrow, involves the cooperation of the buyer and seller, their realtors, lenders, and lawyers to finalize the sale. Generally, most of this process will be handled by your agent. However, there may be some issues that require your attention throughout the process. Talk with your agent to inquire about the closing schedule and your responsibilities during this time. Closing costs are assessed during this time and include a number of fees, ranging from a loan origination fee to a survey fee. You can expect closing costs to total 2 to 5 percent of the total cost of the home. So, for example, a $200,000 home would have closing costs of between $4,000 and $10,000. Closing fees are estimated on your loan estimate when you apply for a loan. However, these fees often change during the closing process. Inspect the house thoroughly. Your offer will stipulate a certain number of days or weeks before closing so that financing can be finalized and the house can be inspected. During this time, the house is checked for any major structural issues, termites, and to ensure that the property boundaries are correct. You should accompany the inspector and your agent during the structural inspection, both to learn more about the house and to ask about any imperfections you might see. Make sure to spend the money to get a truly professional home inspection. Getting a cursory, budget inspection can cost you a lot more in the long run. Close on the house. There will be a meeting on the closing date in which you will required to sign final documents releasing payment to the seller and taking possession of the home. At this point, the home will be yours, and the deeds and other documents will be signed and transferred. You will then receive the keys to your new house. Buy homeowners insurance. Ask your realtor during closing about homeowners insurance. This type of insurance reimburses you in the event that your home is damaged or destroyed. Your specific insurance needs will depend on your geographical location, the value of your home, and the situation surrounding your purchase of the home. For example, you may need flood insurance if you live in a particularly flood-prone area, as most homeowners insurance plans do not cover flooding. You will need to get homeowners insurance when you close on the house.	Assess your financial readiness. Improve your credit score. Save up for your purchase. Calculate your budget. Check to see if you qualify for government loan assistance. Obtain mortgage pre-approval. Describe your dream home. Contact a full-service agent. Let the agent take you on a tour of the homes that interest you. Ask to revisit the two or three you like best. Investigate the neighborhood. Prepare an offer on your favorite. Submit your offer. Ask the agent to explain the closing process. Inspect the house thoroughly. Close on the house. Buy homeowners insurance.
https://www.wikihow.com/Measure-a-Toilet-Seat	How to Measure a Toilet Seat	To measure your toilet for a replacement seat, hold one end of a measuring tape to the bolts that secure the back of the seat to the bowl. With the end of the measuring tape in place, draw the tape to the very tip of the bowl and note the seat's length on a piece of paper. For an accurate measurement, hold the tape in line with the center of the bolts. If there are flaps covering the bolts, lift them with your fingers or a flat-head screwdriver to get a more accurate measurement. Then, measure the length between the centers of the mounting bolts and write this number down as well. Finally, measure the width of the seat by measuring across the center of the seat from left to right. With these measurements written down, head to a hardware store to find your brand new toilet seat!	Measure the seat’s length from the bolts to the front. Hold one end of a measuring tape to the bolts at the back of the seat that secure it to the bowl. Draw the other end of the tape to the very tip of the front of the bowl, then note the seat's length. Be sure to take your measurement down the center of the bowl. For an accurate measurement, hold the measuring tape in line with the centers of the bolts. If necessary, snap up the plastic covers so you can see the bolts. If you can't pry up the covers with your fingers, use a flat-head screwdriver. Picture the toilet seat as a clock. Measure the length from the center of each side, or from 12 o'clock to 6 o'clock. Find the distance between the bolts at the back of the seat. If flaps cover the bolts and you haven't lifted them, pry them up with your fingers or a flat-head screwdriver. Then measure the bolt spread, or the length between the centers of the mounting bolts. In the U.S., the standard bolt spread is 5 ⁄ 2 in (14 cm), but there are a few models with spreads of 7 to 10 in (18 to 25 cm). If your toilet's dimensions aren't standard, you may need to order a seat directly from the manufacturer. In Europe, the standard bolt spread is approximately 6 to 6 ⁄ 2 in (15 to 17 cm). Take the seat’s width measurement. Measure the width to find the best-fitting replacement seat. Hold one end of the measuring tape at the center of the seat's left side, then bring the other end to the right side. Keep the tape centered, and measure the length between the outer edges of the seats' sides. Remember to measure from the centers of the sides, or from 9 o'clock to 3 o'clock. While sizes are standardized, there may be slight variations among brands. If you're replacing the seat, measuring the width can help you find the closest match. Find the length between the 2 bolt holes. Hold the measuring tape in line with the centers of the bolt holes. Measure the distance between the bolt holes' centers as accurately as possible. The bolt spread is the most important measurement, especially if you're buying a specialty seat. If your bolt spread isn't an American-standard 5 ⁄ 2 in (14 cm) or a European-standard 6 to 6 ⁄ 2 in (15 to 17 cm), you may need to order a specialty seat from the toilet's manufacturer. Measure the bowl’s length and width. Hold one end of the measuring tape in line with the centers of the bolt holes, and bring the other end to the front of the bowl. Note the length between the bolt holes and the tip of the bowl's front edge. Then, as you would with the seat, measure from the outer edges of the bowl's broadest points to find its width. If your toilet's dimensions are standard, the bowl's width isn't quite as important as the length and bolt spread dimensions. However, measuring the width can ensure a proper fit, especially if you're buying a specialty seat or have a non-standard toilet. Determine the distance between the bolt holes and the tank. If you're buying a specialty seat, measure between the centers of the bolt holes and the edge of the tank. Bidet attachments, raised seats, seat warmers, and other specialty seats require a minimum clearance between the bolt holes and the tank. Before investing in a specialty seat, look online to find specifications and minimum clearances for a product you're interested in purchasing. You wouldn't want to shell out lots of money on a product that doesn't fit your toilet. Measure the existing seat if you're buying a snap-on attachment. Types of attachments include accessible raised seats for people with disabilities and potty training seats. Measure your existing seat's length and width, and choose a product with matching dimensions. Even if you can tell your toilet's shape just by looking at it, measure it to ensure the accessible or potty training seat fits snugly. While most products clamp onto the seat, some attachments are hinged-fixed, or secured with the existing seat's mounting bolts. If necessary, measure your toilet's bolt spread in addition to the seat's length and width. Purchase a round seat if your bowl’s length is about 16 1⁄2 in (42 cm). In the U.S., modern seat sizes are standardized. If your seat is between 16 and 17 in (41 and 43 cm), it's round. More likely than not, you can just look for a round seat at the hardware or home improvement store and it'll fit your toilet. You can usually tell the difference between round and elongated seats with the naked eye, but it never hurts to double check. Taking measurements could save you a second trip to the store. Go with an elongated seat if the bowl’s length is around 18 1⁄2 in (47 cm). In the U.S., the standard size for elongated seats is 18 to 19 ⁄ 2 in (46 to 50 cm). Elongated seats are easily recognizable but, as with round seats, it's wise to measure the seat's length, bolt spread, and width just to be safe. Select a seat that matches the bowl shape if you have a European toilet. European bowls are usually rounded, pointed, or D-shaped; these shapes are fairly easy to identify with the naked eye. For each shape, the standard length is about 17 in (43 cm), so choosing a replacement seat comes down to finding the right shape. Find your toilet’s make and model if it’s non-standard. While modern seat sizes are standardized, you might find that your older toilet's dimensions are completely different. You may be able to find older seats online or at specialty plumbing suppliers. Search online for your toilet's make and model, or try entering keywords such as “toilet seat 8 in (20 cm) bolt spread.” A few contemporary models also have non-standard dimensions. For these toilets, search for matching seats online or order one directly from the manufacturer. To find your toilet's make and model, lift the tank lid, flip it over, and look for a brand name and model number. If you can't find the make and model on the tank lid, grab a flashlight and check inside the tank.	Measure the seat’s length from the bolts to the front. Find the distance between the bolts at the back of the seat. Take the seat’s width measurement. Find the length between the 2 bolt holes. Measure the bowl’s length and width. Determine the distance between the bolt holes and the tank. Measure the existing seat if you're buying a snap-on attachment. Purchase a round seat if your bowl’s length is about 16 1⁄2 in (42 cm). Go with an elongated seat if the bowl’s length is around 18 1⁄2 in (47 cm). Select a seat that matches the bowl shape if you have a European toilet. Find your toilet’s make and model if it’s non-standard.
https://www.wikihow.com/Pan-Fry-Fish	How to Pan Fry Fish	To pan fry fish, start by seasoning the fillets with herbs and spices or breading. Then, preheat a skillet over medium-high heat for a couple minutes before adding some oil. Next, add the fillets to the pan, and cook them for 2 minutes on each side or until the outside of the fish is crispy. Finally, transfer the fish to a plate lined with a paper towel to remove any excess grease.	Pat the outside of 2 fish fillets dry using a paper towel. Select fillets that each weigh approximately 5 oz (140 g) and are ⁄ 2 in (1.3 cm) thick. Place them on a clean plate, then gently pat each side of the fillets with paper towels until the fillets are completely dry. This is especially important if you are breading your fillets, as it will make the breading soggy. If you are using frozen fillets, make sure to defrost them on a plate overnight in the refrigerator. The fillets must be completely defrosted before you can season and pan-fry them. If you are using a fresh or whole fish, make sure to remove all of the pin bones and scales while filleting. Pick a type of fillet that you enjoy eating the most. Red snapper, salmon, sea bass, and tilapia are common types of fillets to pan fry because the meat cooks quickly and the skin—if left on—holds a lot of flavors. Choose fillets with or without the skin, as both work well for pan-frying. Just avoid using types of fish that have tough, chewy skin, like tuna or swordfish. Season unbreaded fillets with herbs and spices before frying them. Mix together some of your favorite seasonings, making sure to include salt and pepper to taste. Sprinkle and rub the seasoning mixture onto each side of both fillets. Then, rest the fillets on a clean plate. Keep the seasoning simple by only using a rub of salt and ground black pepper to taste. Coat your fillets in 1 1/2 tsp (3.15 g) of Cajun seasoning for a quick, spicy seasoning. Create tangy seasoning with 1 tsp (2.1 g) of lemon pepper, minced thyme, and lemon zest to taste. Give your fillets a crispy texture by breading them with seasoned flour. Create a breading by mixing together 1/4 cup (32 g) of flour, 1 tsp (2.1 g) of sweet or hot paprika, and salt and pepper to taste on a plate. Coat each side of both fillets with the seasoned flour, and use your fingers to press the fillet into the mixture so it evenly adheres. Then, gently shake off the excess flour on the fillets and rest them on a clean plate. This will help create a thin coating that will brown evenly when fried. Refrain from over-packing the fillets to create a thick crust. Thick crusts will not only fall off while cooking but will also cook unevenly. Transform the flavor of the breading mixture by incorporating additional herbs and spices. For example, consider adding a 1/4 tsp (0.78 g) of onion powder, garlic powder, thyme, and oregano for a tangy, earthy flavor, or mix in some cornmeal with the flour to give the coating a grittier texture. Preheat a skillet over medium-high heat on your stovetop. Allow the pan to heat for 1-2 minutes or until you see visible heat waves coming off the pan. Heating the pan before adding the oil will help keep the crust of the fillet from sticking to the bottom of the pan. Use a cast iron skillet or non-stick frying pan to cook your fillets. Pour 1 1⁄2 US tbsp (22 mL) of oil into the skillet to heat it. Carefully add your vegetable or canola oil into the hot skillet. Tilt your pan as needed to coat the entire bottom of the skillet. Add an additional ⁄ 2 US tbsp (7.4 mL) of oil if needed to coat the base of the skillet. Cook each side of the fillets for 2 minutes over medium-high heat. Use heat-resistant tongs or a heat-resistant spatula to handle the fillets while cooking in the pan. Once the first side has cooked for 2 minutes, flip the fillets over and allow the second side to cook for another 2 minutes. When finished, the outside of the fillets will be crispy, and the breading, if used, will have a golden-brown coloring. Thicker fillet cuts make take more time to cook, usually about 3-4 minutes on each side. If your fillets have skin on them, then place the skin side down to cook first. Avoid coating your kitchen and yourself with pops of hot oil by covering your skillet with a splatter screen. Purchase a splatter screen in the kitchen section of your local department store or online with major retailers. Place the finished fillets onto a heat-resistant plate lined with a paper towel. Use your tongs or spatula to gently rest the fillets onto a plate covered with a paper towel. Gently pat the fillets with an additional paper towel to remove any unwanted grease. Then, discard the greasy paper towels. Refrain from leaving the paper towels underneath the fillets for more than 30-60 seconds, as the moisture trapped within the paper towel will make the crispy fillets soggy. Serve the warm fillets plain or top them with additional garnishes. If needed, allow your fillets to rest for 1-2 minutes before serving, as the fillets may be too hot to eat. Then, enjoy eating your pan-fried fillets as is, or include your favorite garnishes, like lemon juice or minced parsley, to elevate the flavors. Dip your pan-fried fillets into a homemade lemon butter sauce for a tart flavor. Combine 3 tbsp (42.6 g) of salted butter and 1 ⁄ 2 US tbsp (22 mL) of lemon juice in a small saucepan over a medium-low heat. Stir the mixture continuously and allow it to simmer for 3 minutes so it thickens. Remove it from the heat and serve on the side. Whip together a tangy tartar sauce to serve on the side of your fillets. Mix together ⁄ 3 cup (79 mL) of mayonnaise, 2 tsp (9.9 mL) of lemon juice, 2 tbsp (8.9 g) of minced dill pickles, and salt and ground black pepper to taste. Then, serve the sauce on the side and dip pieces of your crispy fillet into it. Serve malt vinegar on the side of your fillets to use as a simple dipping sauce. Pour 1–2 tablespoons (15–30 mL) of malt vinegar into a small bowl to accompany your fillets. Dip pieces of your fillet into the vinegar and enjoy! The bitter and bold taste of malt vinegar is a classic, simple dipping sauce for pan-fried fillets. Just know that a little bit of the vinegar goes a long way, so dip your fillets conservatively. Refrigerate any leftovers in a sealable container for about 3-4 days. Keep in mind that the refrigerator will add moisture to any breading on the fillets and make it soggy. Consider eating the pan-fried fillets immediately after frying to avoid this.	Pat the outside of 2 fish fillets dry using a paper towel. Season unbreaded fillets with herbs and spices before frying them. Give your fillets a crispy texture by breading them with seasoned flour. Preheat a skillet over medium-high heat on your stovetop. Pour 1 1⁄2 US tbsp (22 mL) of oil into the skillet to heat it. Cook each side of the fillets for 2 minutes over medium-high heat. Place the finished fillets onto a heat-resistant plate lined with a paper towel. Serve the warm fillets plain or top them with additional garnishes. Dip your pan-fried fillets into a homemade lemon butter sauce for a tart flavor. Whip together a tangy tartar sauce to serve on the side of your fillets. Serve malt vinegar on the side of your fillets to use as a simple dipping sauce. Refrigerate any leftovers in a sealable container for about 3-4 days.
https://www.wikihow.com/Check-Parole-Status-in-Texas	How to Check Parole Status in Texas	To check parole status in Texas, you can request the information by phone or online. Before you check someone's parole status, you'll need their Texas Department of Criminal Justice State ID number or their full name and exact birthday. If you're checking the parole status of an offender before the board has voted whether or not to release them, call 844-512-0451. If the board has already voted, you should call 512-406-5202. Business hours are 8 AM to 5 PM Monday through Friday. To find parole information online, conduct an offender information search on the Texas Department of Criminal Justice website.	Gather information about the offender. Before you call to check someone's parole status, you must have his or her Texas Department of Criminal Justice (TDCJ) or State ID number. If you don't have either of these numbers, you still should be able to check his or her parole status provided you have the offender's exact birth date. If you're using the offender's birth date, you also should make sure you know his or her full legal name so you can correctly identify the person you want in the event more than one name comes up. The telephone status lines are statewide, so you don't need to know the city or county where the offender was last located, or the location of the facility in which he or she was incarcerated. Determine which number you need to call. Texas provides several phone numbers by which members of the public can check someone's parole status, depending on whether the offender has been released from the correctional facility. If you're calling to check the parole status of an offender before the Board of Pardons and Paroles (BPP) has voted on whether to release him or her, you should call 844-512-0461. If you're calling to check the parole status of an offender after the BPP has voted on whether to release him or her, you should call 512-406-5202. If you just need to locate an offender or want general information, you can call the Huntsville BPP office at 936-295-6371. You also can call toll-free to 800-535-0283. Call the number during business hours. The telephone lines are only open from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Friday. By calling the number, you can check the offender's parole status as well as the city and county where he or she is located. If you are calling to provide a tip regarding a parolee who has stopped reporting to his or her parole officer, you may call the Absconder Tip-Line 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. An operator will take down any information you have, but you may remain anonymous. Conduct an offender information search. If the person is still incarcerated, you can use the TDCJ database to look up information regarding his or her status. You don't need to know the offender's TDCJ or State ID number to look up inmates in the TDCJ database. However, you should enter as much information as you have to find the correct offender most efficiently. Gather the correct identification numbers for the offender. To request information about an offender via email, you must have his or her TDCJ or State ID number. Keep in mind that you also must know the offender's full and correct legal name if you want to check his or her parole status over email. If you don't have the TDCJ or State ID number of the offender, you can use his or her birth date instead, but it must be exact. Determine which email address you need. Texas provides several email addresses you can use to check an offender's parole status, depending on the type of information you need. If you have questions or concerns regarding the location, conduct, or supervision of an offender on parole, you should email [email protected]. If you have more general questions about the parole review process, you can email [email protected]. If you have an open records request, you can write to [email protected]. Draft your email. Include the required information in the subject line and the information you want in the body of your email. Your subject line should include the offender's full name and his or her TDCJ or State ID number. If you don't know either of those numbers, you can include his or her exact birth date instead. If your request is an emergency, you also should include a note to that effect in the subject line of your email. Use the body of your email to briefly describe the information you want or any specific concerns you have about the person you've identified in the subject line. Send your email. Once you've proofread your email to eliminate any spelling or grammatical errors, you should be ready to send it to the appropriate agency. Keep in mind that because large numbers of emails are received at these addresses, it can take up to six weeks for TDCJ staff to get back to you.	Gather information about the offender. Determine which number you need to call. Call the number during business hours. Conduct an offender information search. Gather the correct identification numbers for the offender. Determine which email address you need. Draft your email. Send your email.
https://www.wikihow.com/Know-if-Your-Ex-Is-in-Love-with-Someone-Else	How to Know if Your Ex Is in Love with Someone Else	If you're worried that your ex is in love with someone else, there are some common signs you can look out for. If they don't reply to your calls or texts anymore or they've unfriended you on social media, this could be because they're interested in someone else. If they do talk to you, they might use blunt, unemotional language, which can be upsetting, but at least you can start to move on. These could be signs that your ex is with someone else, but they could equally be signs that they want distance from you for other reasons. Try asking your mutual friends if your ex is interested in anyone else at the moment. You can also check their relationship status on social media to see if they've changed it.	Notice if they ignore your phone calls. When you call your ex, notice whether they answer the phone or send you to voicemail. If they are regularly ignoring your phone calls (especially if this is a new behavior), this could be sign they've fallen for someone else. Wait and see if they ignore your calls three or more times in a row. Be sure to spread out each of your phone calls by at least a day, if not more. Acknowledge their failure to answer text messages. If you text your ex and they fail to write back (or wait more than a day to do so), this can mean they love somebody else. They might be out with that person (or even sleeping over) when they receive your text, and that is why they do not respond. As with calls, try and wait for them to drop text messages at least three times before you jump to conclusions. Once again, be sure to spread you text messages out, as not to overwhelm your ex in the process. Check if they fail to initiate conversations. If your ex responds to text messages and phone calls, but never initiates any communication, this can be a sign that they've fallen for somebody else. This can show that they still want to be polite, however, they seem to have no innate desire to speak to you. Try ceasing your attempts to get in touch for a while (say, one week). Notice whether or not the step up to get in touch with you instead. Check to see if they have “unfriended” you on social media. If you try to visit your ex's Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram page, only to realize you are no longer among their friends list, this can be a negative sign. They may have deleted you because they don't want you to see a change in their relationship status, or photos of them with their new love. If their social media pages are set to private, it will be immediately clear that they have unfriended you. If they keep their profiles public, you may need to directly check to see if you are listed among their friends. Make sure they haven't changed their phone number. A far more dramatic action for your ex to take (and a much more dramatic sign) is to change their telephone number. If you attempt to contact your ex and realize that they have changed their number without notifying you, there is a good chance they have fallen in love with someone else. Inquire to your friends about the change in number. If there is some kind of good explanation for the phone number change, a mutual friend may be able to clue you in. Gauge whether or not they respond to your flirting. If your ex has always reciprocated your flirty behavior, and now suddenly they don't, this can indicate they are spending their flirtatious energy on their new love. Try flirting with them the way you normally would (don't overdo it) and gauge their reaction. See if this happens more than once before you draw any conclusions. Feel if they are distant. If your ex suddenly grows distant from you, this can be a sign that they've moved on. If they longer share details from their life, no longer reach out to you for support, or no longer allow themselves to be close to you physically, they may be in love with someone. Try to find out if there is something else bothering them that might make them act distant. Note them cancelling plans with you. If you have made plans with your ex a while ago, and suddenly they begin cancelling them, this could be sign that they've fallen for someone. One cancellation might not mean anything, but several in a row could be a bad sign. Pay attention to how much time they make for you. If you used to be able to call on your ex for company, support, or just to catch up, but suddenly they don't seem to have time for you, they may have moved on. If they are spending all of their time with their new love, it makes it difficult for them to spend time with you. Also notice if they occasionally come calling on you for some type of attention or support, but are not there to reciprocate when you need them. This can also mean that they have started a new relationship, but they still come to you in times of loneliness (which reflects poorly on their character). Acknowledge if they have stopped being affectionate with you. If you and ex had remained “friends with benefits” since your official break-up, and suddenly they have ceased this side of your relationship, this is a pretty strong sign that they are having this need filled by someone else. If they have fallen in love with someone else, they likely can't continue being affectionate with you. If they turn down your advances, you may want to simply ask them point blank what has changed. Watch for public displays of affection. If you happen to spot your ex being affectionate with someone else in public, this is pretty solid indicator that your ex is moving on. If your ex is comfortable enough to make public displays of affection, this shows that they may be in love with someone new. PDA is more than just kissing. If you see you ex out with someone, try to notice their body language. Are they touching one another? How close are they sitting? Talk to mutual friends. If you hear rumors that your ex is in love with someone else, take these rumors seriously. You may be tempted to ignore or disbelieve such murmurings, but just remember that rumors are often based on some measure of truth. If you suspect something, ask around. Consider asking your ex's friends directly. Listen to what they tell you. If your ex tells you point blank that they are moving on, you should believe them. If they explain that they've fallen for someone else, you should try to accept this fact and move on yourself. Look for a change in their Facebook status. If you are still Facebook friends with your ex, you may notice if they alter their relationship status. A status of “in a relationship” is a very clear message that they feel strongly about someone. Even a vague relationship status like “it's complicated,” may mean that they have fallen in love with someone new. You might also keep an eye out for romantic-looking images on Facebook. You may also watch out for flirty posts. Ask yourself if it’s time to move on. Rather than pining away for your ex, and playing gumshoe to determine whether or not they are seeing someone, consider having a direct conversation with them. Figure out, honestly, whether or not the two of you have a future together, and if it seems like you do not, set your sights on moving on.	Notice if they ignore your phone calls. Acknowledge their failure to answer text messages. Check if they fail to initiate conversations. Check to see if they have “unfriended” you on social media. Make sure they haven't changed their phone number. Gauge whether or not they respond to your flirting. Feel if they are distant. Note them cancelling plans with you. Pay attention to how much time they make for you. Acknowledge if they have stopped being affectionate with you. Watch for public displays of affection. Talk to mutual friends. Listen to what they tell you. Look for a change in their Facebook status. Ask yourself if it’s time to move on.
https://www.wikihow.com/Treat-Fleas-in-Young-Kittens-and-Nursing-Mothers	How to Treat Fleas in Young Kittens and Nursing Mothers	To treat fleas in young kittens and nursing mothers, start by applying flea prevention medication to the mother, like Frontline Plus. Then, fill a sink with warm water and mild dish soap, and immerse each kitten up to its neck in the water. Next, remove the kitten from the water, gently rub the soap into its skin, then put it in back in the water to rinse it. Afterwards, dry each kitten with a towel and remove any remaining fleas from its head with your fingers. Additionally, wash their toys and bedding regularly with warm, soapy water.	Use flea medication on the mother only. Topical flea medications are poisons that kill fleas when absorbed through your pet's skin. Usually, you would apply a topical medication between a cat's shoulder blades or on the back of the neck. Within a certain time frame, the medication would begin to kill fleas. These medications are usually safe to use on nursing mothers and should not affect your kittens. However, they can be very dangerous to young cats. Only use topical medications to treat fleas on the mother. Make sure to talk to your vet about a safe medication for a nursing mother. While many medications, such as Frontline Plus, are safe to use on nursing mothers, other brands may carry risks. It may be necessary to separate the mother and kittens for a set time after administering the medication. Talk to your vet beforehand. Bathe newborns in dish soap to remove fleas. Harsh chemicals are not safe to use on young kittens, especially newborns. Instead, you can gently bathe newborns using a dish soap. Choose a mild dish soap that does not have antibacterial properties. Fill a sink with warm water and soap. Take your kitten and immerse it to its neck in the water. Use a cloth to gently wet the kitten's face, but make sure to stay away from the eyes. Remove the kitten from the water and massage the soap into its skin. Then, submerge the kitten up to its neck again to rinse it. Make sure to dry your kitten with a warm towel when you're done. You should also keep the kitten in a warm environment until it's completely warm. Remove fleas manually. After a bath, you should strive to remove fleas manually when you see them. Fleas may run to the kitten's head or neck during the bathing process, so remove these fleas with tweezers or your fingers while drying your kitten. Drop the fleas into a cup of hot water to kill them after removing them from your kitten. Ask your vet about safe products for older kittens. Kittens older than four weeks may be able to take oral medications to treat fleas. This can be helpful as such medications can kill fleas in several stages of their lifespan. However, you should never administer medication to a kitten without consulting your vet first. Kittens are more fragile than adult cats and even older kittens may react poorly to medication. Oral medications are usually given once a day to kill fleas and start to work fairly quickly. Some kittens older than six weeks may be able to tolerate topical medications once a month. However, such medications can be very dangerous if your kitten is not healthy enough to tolerate them so talk to your vet before administering such medications. Comb kittens frequently with a flea comb. A flea comb can be an effective tool to treat fleas in young kittens, especially if your kittens are still too young for medication. Comb the the kittens each day with a flea comb. Remove fleas you see with your fingers or tweezers. Set these fleas aside in a bowl of hot water to kill them. Talk to a vet first to make sure you choose a healthy, safe flea comb for your kittens. Wash all bedding in hot water. Fleas do not just exist on your cats and kittens. They can live in the surrounding environment for a long time. In addition to treating your cats with flea combs, medications, and baths, you should wash all the bedding they use in warm water. Wash the bedding regularly as long as an infestation lasts. You should also wash any cloth toys in warm, soapy water. Vacuum frequently. Fleas can live in your furniture and carpet. During an infestation, vacuum frequently to remove flea eggs and larvae from your home. Vacuum the carpet in addition to any upholstered furniture. Consider professional exterminators for extreme cases. If you're still seeing fleas after taking all the proper precautions, consider hiring professional help. Fleas are not just a nuisance. They can carry diseases, such as worms, that can be more dangerous to younger cats. Make sure you know what to do with your pets during the extermination process. You may have to keep your pets outside of your home before and after your home is treated for pests. Keep debris out of your home. You do not want to risk letting fleas back in after an infestation as passed. Fleas can get in from outside if you track in organic materials, such as leaves and dirt. Keeping your home free of such materials can help keep your home free of fleas. Talk to a vet first whenever possible. Young kittens and nursing mothers cannot always tolerate medication as well as other cats. It's always best to talk over treatment options with your vet beforehand, especially if you're considering using chemical treatments. The first thing you should do when you notice a flea infestation is take your cat and kittens to the vets for assessment. Refrain from using topical medications on kittens. In general, topical medications are not safe for kittens, especially kittens under six weeks of age. Young kittens respond better to treatments like baths, combing, and manual removal. Only use topical medications on your kittens if your vet suggests it. Make sure to follow your vet's instructions closely when using such medications. Do not use products intended for dogs on cats. If you're using a topical medication, make sure it is specifically designed for cats. Similar products designed for dogs do not use the same chemicals. They can be very dangerous when administered to cats.	Use flea medication on the mother only. Bathe newborns in dish soap to remove fleas. Remove fleas manually. Ask your vet about safe products for older kittens. Comb kittens frequently with a flea comb. Wash all bedding in hot water. Vacuum frequently. Consider professional exterminators for extreme cases. Keep debris out of your home. Talk to a vet first whenever possible. Refrain from using topical medications on kittens. Do not use products intended for dogs on cats.
https://www.wikihow.com/Choose-a-Baby-Name	How to Choose a Baby Name	Choosing your baby's name is a big decision, but there are many ways to find inspiration. You can name your child after someone significant in your life, like an old friend or family member. You might also consider the names of influential people or fictional characters you admire. Or, take inspiration from everyday life. For example, Leonardo DiCaprio's mother was looking at a Leonardo da Vinci painting when he first kicked in her womb. You can also browse baby name books or online databases to see if any names catch your eye. Remember, there's no rush. Some parents even wait until their child is born before naming them.	Make a list of names that have personal meaning. This list might include names passed down from beloved family members, friends, or influential figures in your lives. There are no rules or limits to what your baby's name can be. Don't be afraid to consider significant names from many different sources. Beloved book or movie characters, songs, childhood pets, or even the street you grew up on can be turned into a special and meaningful baby name. Consider names with shared significance to you and your partner. Perhaps, you two were introduced by your mutual friend, Dora, your first conversation was about Charles Dickens, or you shared your first kiss under the Eiffel Tower in Paris. If you and your partner both have an equally long list of personal name ideas, a good way to compromise might be to decide on a name with mutual significance from your shared past. Try cutting down the options until your both happy with one. Ask your families about naming traditions and naming heritage. Family trees are a great source of inspiration as you're searching for significant baby names. Some families have incorporated common middle names or used specific ethnic origins for generations. Don't feel pressure to conform to your families' naming norms, but it's always a good idea to ask about them so that you keep your options open. Asking your families about naming traditions or trends may also help you and your partner compromise on a meaningful name. For example, you may find out that you both had a great-grandmother named Mary or that you each had an ancestor from Ireland. Wait for meaningful name inspiration during pregnancy. Let inspiration come to you during the special and tender time of pregnancy. The good news is that you have approximately ten months to decide, so you have lots of time. For example, you or your partner might feel the baby's first flutters during a walk by the ocean, which might inspire an ocean-themed name, like Ariel or Kai. Leonardo DiCaprio's mother was in a museum in Italy whilst pregnant, and was looking at a Leonardo da Vinci painting when he first kicked in the womb, and that is how he was named. Vivid dreams and memories are a common symptom of pregnancy, and many expectant mothers claim that the names they choose for their babies came to them during dreams they had while pregnant. Name your baby after a season or significant event. Perhaps your baby will be born right when summer roses are in full bloom or during the very first snowfall of the year, alluding to names like Summer, Eden, Rose, Rosalie, Snow, Elsa, Winter, or December. Wait until you meet your baby. You and your partner might decide on the perfect name once you've met your baby and have a chance to get acquainted. She might surprise your family and be born with red hair, just like your great Aunt Josephine. If you have a boy with serene features, perhaps he'll remind your partner of a poem by your favorite poet, inspiring you to choose a name like Walt or Ernest. Consult a baby book or an online name database. Baby naming books are easy to find in the library, and there are a number of online naming lists and websites. If you have a specific category you want your baby name to come from, such as nature-inspired names, classic boy names, gender-neutral names, or Southern names for girls, be sure to enter that as online search terms. When looking through lists of names, try not to get overwhelmed by the number of choices. Just read and search until one jumps out at you and seems to stick. When you're sure you're happy with the name talk to your partner about it. It just might be the one. Choose from a pre-approved list. Some countries, like Iceland and Denmark, only allow babies to be given nationally approved names. To narrow down your search, consider choosing an ethnic name from a pre-approved list, like those for Iceland. Tune into the media. Skimming baby or parenting magazines, watching entertainment news on TV, and even listening to popular songs on the radio that are specific to your personal preferences might offer inspiration on the latest and greatest names. Beware of name fads that quickly fizzle out in terms of popularity. For example, timeless names, like “Charlotte” and “Poppy” are becoming wildly popular again, but so are very modern names, like “Meadow” and “Story.” Although “Meadow” and “Story” are cute names now, make sure that you and your partner will still find them attractive when their popularity dies out and newer naming trends take their place. Take a vote or conduct an online naming poll. This strategy definitely isn't for everyone, but some parents desire public opinion. At the baby shower, guests can submit names of their choosing for your review or you can host a poll on social media, where your friends vote on your top five preferred names. You aren't obligated to ultimately choose the name that gets the popular vote, but be sure not to make any promises ahead of time. You don't want those who vote to participate with expectations and then have their feelings hurt if you make an alternative choice, so be sure to let your voters know the poll is just for fun. Choose a nickname. Sometimes nicknames can inspire full-length baby names. If you've always dreamed of calling your baby by a fun or informal name that isn't necessarily appropriate as a full-length name, you can work backwards to find one! For example, if “Sunny” or “AJ” are nicknames you adore, “Sonora” or “Amelia Josephine” could serve as formal, full-length names that the baby can switch to when she is older. Double-check the meaning of the name you like. All names have a meaning and some can have less ideal meanings than others! Even if your baby's name doesn't have personal or family-based significance, it's still a good idea to check its formal definition. Sometimes a name can have more than one meaning. When looking and finding the meaning of the name you like talk about it with family. For example, “Portia” sounds like a beautiful and exotic name for a girl, but it's Latin for “pig,” which is a meaning some people may find appalling and others may adore. Sound it out. Make sure the name you choose sounds good out loud. “Julian George,” for example, has a regal ring to it, while “Stella Isabella” sounds more like the name of cartoon character. Avoid name puns. Puns are never a good idea when selecting a name for your baby. School-age children can be especially cruel, so steer clear of puns or plays on popular words and phrases. Candy Kane and Gamble Moore may sound cute and funny in the moment, but remember that your child will have to live with laughter and jests for a lifetime! Avoiding puns or irony for twins is also important. Twin names like “Jennifer and Angelina” or “Harry and Sally” are references to pop culture and won't be lost on the majority of people, even if making a joke wasn't your intention. Choose spelling and pronunciation with care. It can get quite frustrating if your name is constantly mispronounced or you have to repeat your name or its spelling multiple times to a new acquaintance because it's unusual, long, or difficult to say. For example, if you like a rare name like “Meegan” but choose to spell it “Meagan” or “Megan,” people will assume the common pronunciation over the exotic one, which means you and your child will constantly be correcting new acquaintances. "Axel” is a cute, modern boy's name, and though “Acksol,” and “Aksyl” are unique renditions of it, they are not intuitive. Test out the name’s longevity. While some names are perfectly suited for cute babies and small children, they won't always suit an adult. Make sure the name you choose can grow right along with your baby. For example, while “King” is an adorable name for a baby boy, his colleagues may not take him seriously when he's an adult giving a presentation in a corporate office. Take the initials test. Some of the best name combinations can bring forth the worst initial combinations, so be sure to write out the initials of your favorite name before making the decision permanent. For example, the name “Ashley Suzanne Seavey” and “Parker Mitchell Smith” are not ideal initial combinations! Keep you baby’s name a secret until birth. No matter what name you choose, it's going to be impossible to please everyone, and negative feedback may leave you questioning a truly excellent choice. If you wait to announce your baby's name until after the birth, people are far less likely to criticize and far more likely to agree that you've made the perfect choice.	Make a list of names that have personal meaning. Consider names with shared significance to you and your partner. Ask your families about naming traditions and naming heritage. Wait for meaningful name inspiration during pregnancy. Name your baby after a season or significant event. Wait until you meet your baby. Consult a baby book or an online name database. Choose from a pre-approved list. Tune into the media. Take a vote or conduct an online naming poll. Choose a nickname. Double-check the meaning of the name you like. Sound it out. Avoid name puns. Choose spelling and pronunciation with care. Test out the name’s longevity. Take the initials test. Keep you baby’s name a secret until birth.
https://www.wikihow.com/Catch-a-Fox	How to Catch a Fox	To catch a fox, set a live trap near where you've seen the fox, and bait it with foods like pork, wet cat food, fish, or chicken. After you set the trap, leave it overnight since foxes tend to be nocturnal predators. Alternatively, make a hole trap by digging a deep, steep-sided hole near a tree or stump. Then, put your bait in the bottom of the hole, cover the top with branches and leaves, and wait for the fox to fall in. If your fox is too smart for the traps, try putting the bait near the trap at first, then slowly moving it closer to the trap until you can bait the fox all the way in.	Set a live trap in a location you expect fox to be. For the vast majority of foxes, standard "boxy" live traps of a suitable size work quite well. These traps resemble a long rectangular box with trap doors at one (or either) end. The fox, lured in by bait, steps on a pedal, which releases the trap door(s) and locks it in. Live traps are available to buy or rent at most hunting goods stores and also online from specialty retailers. For the medium to medium-large traps suitable for catching foxes, prices usually range from about $40-80. Bait the trap. Set your trap in the "open" position and carefully place your bait in the designated space in the center. You have a wide variety of options when it comes to picking your bait — for instance, you may want to use pork, "wet" cat food, fish, chicken, or other meat. If you're a hunter, you may alternatively want to use game meat (bobcat and beaver work especially well). The scent of the bait you use is important. Foxes have strong noses that they use to sniff out food sources, so, if possible, try to use bait with a strong, appealing odor. If you're using cat food, try to use one with a strong fishy scent — foxes love this. Let the trap sit out overnight. Though it's possible to see foxes at almost any time of the day, the animals are usually nocturnal predators. For this reason, once you set a trap, you'll want to be very patient, waiting at least one night for results. Check on your trap in the morning to see if you've caught your troublesome fox. Don't be surprised if you find a raccoon, skunk, rat, possum, or other small mammal in the trap — these animals can also be attracted to the same sorts of baits that foxes like. Don't let the trap sit out for more than a day or so without checking on it. Doing this can cause a trapped fox to suffer from hunger or exposure. Alternatively, try digging a hole trap. If you don't have a live box trap and don't want to bother renting or buying one, this free alternative can also work well. To make a hole trap, dig a deep, steep-sided hole near a tree, a stump, or another natural obstruction so that the fox can only enter the hole from one side. Place your bait in the bottom of the hole and cover the top of the trap with branches and leaves to obscure it. If the hole is steep enough, the fox will fall in while looking for the bait and be unable to climb out until you come back for it. Many sources recommend placing a leg snare trap at the bottom of the hole to ensure that the fox is truly stuck once it falls into the hole. If you're thinking about doing this, be sure to check your local jurisdictions first. Since leg snare traps can potentially injure or maim the animal, they're not always legal. In addition, you may want to consider whether such a trap is compatible with your personal ethics. Try step baiting. Foxes aren't stupid — the wily creatures will sometimes be able to tell when a trap is a trap and will avoid it, even when there's bait in it. To counter this, try the strategy of step-baiting. The first night, put your bait outside the trap, but near it. If you notice the next morning that the bait is gone, the following night, put it just inside the trap, but not near the pedal that springs the trap doors. If the bait vanishes again, try putting the bait in the middle of the trap the third night. Often, this gradual progression will trick a fox into thinking that a source of bait is "safe" until it's greedy enough to fall for the trap. If you're still having trouble, the fox may be smelling your scent on the trap. Try carefully washing the trap with hot or boiling water to remove your scent. You may also want to try sprinkling some fox urine (available at many hunting goods stores) around the trap — foxes can be territorial, so another fox's scent can cause it to investigate the trap closely. Avoid inhumane traps. Even if your end goal is to kill the animal, it's important not to allow the fox to suffer in the process. Causing unnecessary suffering to an animal is cruel, immoral, and unfair. For this reason, you'll want to stay away from traps that injure the animal in the act of trapping it. For instance, steel-jawed leg traps can break the fox's leg when they snap closed on it and wire snares can cut off circulation to the animal's limb, causing it to die. In general, traps that work by suddenly gripping or snapping shut on part of the animal shouldn't be used. In addition, to being inhumane, these sorts of traps can also be illegal and carry stiff fines for their use, depending on where you live. Euthanize an injured fox. If, for whatever reason you manage to seriously injure a fox while trying to catch it, you will probably want to euthanize the animal (or call a professional to do it for you). Releasing a maimed animal back into the wild can cause the animal to suffer for days before it eventually starves, dies of disease, or is killed by a predator. Quick, relatively pain-free euthanasia is almost always a better alternative in this case. Humane killing methods are generally those that cause instant (or near-instant) unconsciousness followed by quick death without giving the animal a chance to panic or suffer. Different animal welfare groups will have different definitions of what a humane killing method is, but, in general, methods like shooting the animal in the head, stunning it with electricity and then cutting its throat, and using pain-free gases are considered humane by most authorities. Handle all foxes with extreme caution. Once you've captured a fox, you'll want to be very careful about the way you handle it, even if it appears securely confined to its trap. Carry the trap away from your body, holding it only by a safe handhold that's well out of the fox's reach. Never stick your fingers into the cage, shake the cage, or purposely agitate the animal. Foxes caught in live traps are likely to be scared for their lives, which means that they have the potential to lash out and bite or scratch you, even if they appear docile on the surface. Note that foxes can carry a variety of diseases including rabies, a deadly viral disease for which there is no cure besides receiving a vaccination after being bit. If you are ever bitten or scratched by a fox, contact a doctor right away. Though rabies is rare in foxes, it can lead to a long, painful, and ultimately fatal illness, so it's always better to be safe than sorry. Release it into the wild. One option when you've captured a fox is to take it somewhere far away and let it go free. This method has the benefit of causing no immediate harm to the fox. However, it's important to note that, because foxes are territorial creatures, they will sometimes return to their original location even if they have to travel a long way to get there. In addition, because of competition from other predators and differing habitat conditions, there is always a chance that a fox released into the wild away from its home will eventually die anyway. If you do decide to release your captured fox into the wild, be sure to do so safely. Orient the trap away from you, then carefully open the trap door to release the fox. Don't pursue the fox once it leaves the trap — it will likely be agitated and can potentially react with hostility, though this is rare. Call an animal control service. For many, having a professional deal with a captured fox is much preferable to the prospect of doing it on their own. Nearly all local animal control agencies will be willing to take a wild fox off of your hands, saving you the hassle of deciding what to do yourself. If you don't know how to contact local animal control services, in the U.S., try contacting the ASPCA, or the Humane Society (whose contact info is available on their respective organization websites) for instructions. Understand that, unfortunately, many animal control services will humanely euthanize the fox after you give it to them. This is because, as noted above, foxes are known carriers of rabies and other diseases. If legal in your area, consider humanely killing the fox. If the fox you've just caught has been causing you serious trouble, you may want to kill it to make sure you're rid of it for good. In this case, be sure to consult your local laws before killing the fox to ensure you're not doing something illegal. In the vast majority of cases, killing a fox to protect your property or eliminate a nuisance will not be considered illegal. However, some states and jurisdictions may have rules that can limit your ability to kill foxes, especially if you need to kill many foxes, want to kill them for commercial purposes, or need to kill them during an "off-season" time. For example, in the state of North Carolina, the laws governing foxes vary greatly from county to county. For instance, in Gates County, fox trapping season lasts only during the month of January and you are limited to a maximum "bag" limit of 30 foxes. On the other hand, in Forsyth County, there is no fox trapping season or bag limit. If you do opt to kill a captured fox, always use one of the humane killing methods described above. Know the warning signs of an aggravated fox. No matter what you plan to do with your captured fox, it's important to know the signs of danger so that you can respond to them quickly and decisively, should they occur. Many of the signs that an angry fox will give off are similar to those used by dogs. For instance, if the hair on its back is standing up, its tail is straight, or it is growling, snarling, or baring its teeth, the fox is angry and may react with hostility. In this case, always leave matters to a professional. It's also a very good idea to know the signs of a rabid fox. If the fox is stumbling as if it were drunk, seems partially paralyzed, is hurting itself, or is acting extremely aggressive or unnaturally calm, it may be rabid. In this case, you definitely need to contact a professional — rabies is a very serious disease and should not be treated lightly. Consider taking the fox's fur. Foxes are sometimes trapped or hunted for their soft natural pelt. The fur of a fox can potentially be very valuable — it's not unusual for a real fox fur coat or boot to retail for several thousand dollars or more. If you're an experienced skinner, you may want to consider humanely killing the animal, then skinning it and treating its hide so that you may sell it to a fur vendor. However, note that the act of killing an animal for its fur is usually more tightly-regulated than the act of killing it to rid yourself of a pest, so, as always, consult your local laws before proceeding. Don't try to take a fox's fur if you don't know what you're doing. Knowing how to skin an animal is a difficult skill that can require lots of practice to perfect. Attempting to skin a dead fox when you've never done so before may end up in the fur being ruined, making the fox's death a waste. Carefully wash yourself after handling a fox. Even if you don't come into direct contact with your captured fox, you'll want to carefully give your hands and arms (and, if necessary, your body and clothing) a thorough washing after handling its trap. Like many wild animals, foxes can be quite dirty even if they don't appear so. They may, for instance, have small amounts of blood on them from a recent kill or may have tiny traces of fecal matter in their fur. In addition, they may carry parasites like fleas or ticks (especially cat fleas). Because you have no way of knowing where exactly a fox has been, it's usually best to be safe. You'll also want to wash your trap as well to avoid the possibility of future contamination. Scrub all of its surfaces with hot water and soap, then use a hose to rinse it. Finally, dry it with a towel or rag to prepare it for future use.	Set a live trap in a location you expect fox to be. Bait the trap. Let the trap sit out overnight. Alternatively, try digging a hole trap. Try step baiting. Avoid inhumane traps. Euthanize an injured fox. Handle all foxes with extreme caution. Release it into the wild. Call an animal control service. If legal in your area, consider humanely killing the fox. Know the warning signs of an aggravated fox. Consider taking the fox's fur. Carefully wash yourself after handling a fox.
https://www.wikihow.com/Safely-Formula-Feed-Puppies	How to Safely Formula Feed Puppies	To formula feed your puppy, first make sure that you buy formula made specifically for puppies' nutritional needs. Then, buy a puppy nursing bottle or get an eye dropper or syringe if your puppy is too small to use a bottle. To prepare dry formula, blend the powder with the recommended amount of water completely. Then, warm the bottle by placing it in a bowl of hot water so it will be comfortable for your puppy to drink. Once the formula is warm enough, make sure your puppy is sitting upright on its stomach. Puppies don't usually know when to stop eating, so be sure you don't give your puppy more than its recommended amount.	Buy a puppy formula. When feeding your puppy formula, you need to make sure that you buy the right kind of formula. Puppies have specific nutritional needs, so you need make sure the formula is specifically for puppies. You can get puppy formula from the vet or from a pet store. There are dry or canned varieties. Either type is fine, but dry is more cost-efficient in the long run. Purchase a puppy bottle. To feed your puppy, you should get a puppy nursing bottle. This holds a small amount of formula. You can purchase one of these bottles at a pet store. When you get the bottle, you will need to put a hole in the nipple. Use a flame-heated needed. Put two small holes in the point of the nipple. Make sure the holes are only big enough to let a few drops of milk to come out. Holes that are too large can lead to the puppy getting formula in the lungs. Holes that are too small will lead to too much air. Use an eyedropper or syringe if the puppy is too small. Toy or tiny breeds may be too small to feed from a bottle when they are first born. If this is the case, you should use an eyedropper. If the puppy can't suckle yet, you can gently squeeze the formula into the side of the mouth. You can also use a syringe to squeeze the formula into the mouth. Don't squeeze the milk directly into the back of the puppy's mouth. It could lead to choking. Blend the formula well. When you are preparing dry formula, make sure that you mix it together very well. Get rid of all clumps or pockets of dry formula. It should all be blended and smooth. Wait for the bubbles to get out of the formula before feeding it to the dogs. Get the formula to the right temperature. Before you give the puppy formula, you need to get it to the right temperature. Place the bottle in a mug or bowl of hot water. Don't heat the formula itself in the microwave or in a pot. Put the formula on your wrist to test the temperature. It should be warm, but not hot. Store the formula properly. Make sure to keep your formula stored properly to keep your puppy safe. After mixing or opening formula, you keep it in the refrigerator and use it all day. However, you should throw away the leftover formula at the end of the day. If you use dry formula, you can keep the canister in the freezer. Don't place the cans in the freezer. Give your puppy the correct amount of formula. You should make sure to feed your puppy the correct amount of food each day. This ensures they grow at the right weight and gain weight at the proper rate. These are approximate. Make sure to only feed the puppy until the belly is a gentle round shape. Divide the total for the day by the number of feedings per day. In the first week, feed the puppy around 25 to 35 milliliters (0.8 to 1 fl oz) for every 100 grams (3.5 oz) of body weight. In week two, try 15 to 20 milliliters (0.51 to 0.68 fl oz) for every 100 grams (3.5 oz). Week three and four, give 20 mL for every 100 grams. Feed the puppy regularly. You should give the puppy food every two to three hours. This is around eight to ten meals per day. At three weeks, you can feed the dog around six times each day. At five weeks, the puppy should be eating solid foods, but you can still feed them formula two to three each day. Make sure to burp the puppy after feeding. Hold the puppy with their belly against your shoulder. Gently pat the puppy on the back until it burps. Make sure not to overfeed the puppies. Puppies may not know when to stop eating. This can lead to overfeeding. Overfeeding may lead to health problems, like milk in the lungs, pneumonia, or diarrhea. Feed the puppy many small meals through the day instead of less larger meals. Make sure there are no bubbles of milk coming out of the puppy's nose. This can point to overfeeding. Feed the puppy correctly. Make sure the puppy is on their stomach. Place the nipple in the puppy's mouth and press the bottle enough so that one to two drops of milk come out. This will help the puppy figure out that the milk is in the nipple, and they will start to suck. Don't place the puppy upside down, upright, or on their back to feed them. Clean the materials properly. Between each use, you should clean the materials. This ensures that you don't contaminate the formula and make the puppy sick. Clean the bottles, syringes, eyedroppers, and other material by boiling them for 10 minutes. Do this after every feeding. If you're using syringes, make sure to remove the plungers. Know when to formula feed your puppy. There are a few reasons why you may need to formula feed your puppy. You may need to help if you have a mother dog who is struggling to feed her puppies or who cannot produce milk. Some mother dogs will neglect their puppies. If the mother dog dies, you will have to feed the puppies. You should also formula feed runts, which are the dogs that have body weights that are at least 20 percent less than the rest of the litter. Consult your veterinarian. Though you will be doing the work of feeding your puppies, you should contact your veterinarian. Tell your veterinarian that you are bottle feeding your puppies. The vet can give you advice and help you if you run into any problems. You have probably been in contact with your vet about your puppy, so just let them know during one of your visits you are formula feeding the puppy. Look for any problems. Puppies can fade fast if something goes wrong. Look for symptoms of nutritional problems like diarrhea, decreased saliva, depression, weakness, limpness, and frigid skin. If any of these things occur, you should consult your veterinarian. Pay attention to the puppy's stool. Stools with clumps happen when the formula is too thick and concentrated. Dilute the formula and increase the frequency of feeding. You can put pedialyte in the formula if the puppy has diarrhea.	Buy a puppy formula. Purchase a puppy bottle. Use an eyedropper or syringe if the puppy is too small. Blend the formula well. Get the formula to the right temperature. Store the formula properly. Give your puppy the correct amount of formula. Feed the puppy regularly. Make sure not to overfeed the puppies. Feed the puppy correctly. Clean the materials properly. Know when to formula feed your puppy. Consult your veterinarian. Look for any problems.
https://www.wikihow-fun.com/Trash-Talk-an-NFL-Team	How to Trash Talk an NFL Team	If you want to trash talk an NFL team, start by researching their current win-loss record and team statistics from recent history, so you know what points to make. You may also want to talk about non-statistical problems with the team, like if they're known or cheating or if many of their players have criminal charges. To trash talk a specific player on the team, choose a player that has an important role and share their statistics on interceptions, fumbles, and losses. Alternatively, if you want to trash talk fans of the team you dislike, pay attention to the fans' behavior and identify any negative patterns. For example, you could say, "All Giants fans talk about is their 2 Super Bowl wins, as though the team isn't doing terrible right now."	Decide why you want to trash talk a team. Maybe the team is a division rival of your team. A team might be responsible for knocking your team out of the playoffs last year. A big name player might have left your team for another team. Whatever the reason, you need to find a team to talk about. Maybe it's the team that your team is playing this week. Timeliness is a good enough reason to trash talk them. Compare the current state of the chosen team to its recent history. You will need to know facts about that team in order to trash talk them, or else you will just be shouting insults that don't have any factual evidence to back them up. Go to any website that displays team statistics. Find out the current win-loss record of the team. This way you'll be able to see whether or not they're playing well. This information will be useful when deciding whether to trash talk about the team. There's nothing to complain about if they're doing a great job! For example, if a team has a winning record, but they give up the most points per game during the season, that is a weakness that can be trash talked about. Learn about any non-statistical problems with the team. Even if a team is doing well, not everything about them is perfect. Watch sports analysts or read statistics on that team to learn about the things that team is struggling with off the field. An example here would be if a team has been known to have cheating scandals or if many players on the team have criminal charges. This information can be used to generalize the whole team with trash talk. You can also talk about the coach here, and how he behaves or runs their team. An easy way to attack a team is to say the coach doesn't know what he is doing. Phrase an insult backed up with information from the steps above. All of the knowledge you have gathered about this team will now be put to use. In normal conversation about a team, show your dislike towards that team. A fan of that team is surely going to respond to your expression by asking why you feel this way. At this moment, you can state any of the facts you learned about the team to make your case. The simple structure of trash talk should be- Bold statement about them team, followed by fact to support it. For example, if the team your trash talking about is the Dallas Cowboys, you could say "The Cowboys are so bad; they have only one playoff win in the last 20 years! They stink!" Refer to the statistic portion of the team. Another example could be "The Rams are terrible.Their coach doesn't even know how to run the team! They're definitely not going to make the playoffs." Decide what player on the team you want to trash talk. Choosing a player that plays an important role on the team is another good way to trash talk them. You'll be able to do so without having to learn about the whole team. In football, the quarterback is usually the most targeted player when it comes to trash talk. He/she is also a safe person to criticize and closely linked to a team's success. Determine the "bad" statistics of the player. The easiest way to trash talk a player is to pull up their stats. These include the number of interceptions, fumbles, and losses; knowing these will be useful in trash talking that player. If these numbers aren't the best, that's a great opportunity to trash talk. Learn about things about the player that aren't football related. Learning about these things about the player will give you material when you trash talk about them, even when they are currently doing well. This could be their off-the-field issues or the way that they act as a person (not as a player). You could talk about criminal charges, fines, and suspensions. This could even be about the clothes they are wearing off the plane to the game. If there is something wrong with it, it can be used as trash talk material. Phrase an insult to exploit the player. Using all the information you gathered, you can now trash talk about the player, which indirectly trash talks the team as well. For example, you could say, "The Cowboys stink, the running back fumbles the ball every game!" You can over exaggerate some statistics here if you really want to get the other person angry. In a non-statistic version you could say, "The Cowboys running is so bad because of all the fines he has to pay for his post-game interviews and DUIs." Decide what team you want to talk about and observe the behavior of the fans of that team.The fans of a certain team are also susceptible to trash talking. If you observe on various social media sites, you can start to see a pattern of how fans defend their teams, and this predictable behavior can be exploited. Continue to observe fans as the season progresses. If the team is doing well, the fan might feel very confident about talking about their team. However, if the team is doing bad, and the same fan is no longer rooting for that team, you could make easy trash talk, by accusing that fan of being a bandwagon. This step requires you to stay up to date on teams and their fans. A bandwagon fan is someone who only roots for a team when they are doing well, which shows that person is disloyal to the teams they root for. Identify a distinct pattern or tendency. This comes down to experience and many seasons of observation. Deliver an insult that groups all the fans of the team together. Once you have enough knowledge about each team and their fan base, you can generalize all the fans to behave a certain way, thus trash talking that team and that person. For example, to trash talk the New York Giants, you could say "All Giants fan talk about is their two Super Bowl wins, they're doing terrible right now and aren't going to be good anytime soon."	Decide why you want to trash talk a team. Compare the current state of the chosen team to its recent history. Find out the current win-loss record of the team. Learn about any non-statistical problems with the team. Phrase an insult backed up with information from the steps above. Decide what player on the team you want to trash talk. Determine the "bad" statistics of the player. Learn about things about the player that aren't football related. Phrase an insult to exploit the player. Decide what team you want to talk about and observe the behavior of the fans of that team.The fans of a certain team are also susceptible to trash talking. Continue to observe fans as the season progresses. Identify a distinct pattern or tendency. Deliver an insult that groups all the fans of the team together.
https://www.wikihow.com/Dress-for-an-Evening-Wedding	How to Dress for an Evening Wedding	To dress for an evening wedding, stick with dark colors and formal outfits. Wear a black, navy, or dark gray suit with a white dress shirt and make sure your shoes match your belt for a formal look. Wear a nice tie that matches your suit but isn't too flashy. Alternatively, wear a dark evening gown that's at least knee-length. Blue, black, purple, and burgundy are all safe colors for an evening wedding. If the wedding invitation specifies that it's a semi-formal dress code, wear a cocktail dress. Just make sure you don't wear anything too flashy so you don't upstage the bride. If you're in doubt about your outfit, always lean towards the formal side so you don't underdress.	Wear a dark-colored evening gown. While daytime weddings often favor lighter tones for women's dresses, it's the opposite for evening weddings. A darker evening gown will reflect the peaceful air of the night. A good evening gown should be flowing and silky. Browsing examples of typical evening gowns will give you a closer idea of what you should wear to the wedding. Fabrics like silk or satin are well-suited for evening ceremonies. Watch the length of your dress. A mini is too informal and is inappropriate for most weddings, but especially evening weddings. Wear a dress that is knee length or tea length. Accessorize with jewelry. Accessories, such as jewelry and handbags, go a long way towards sprucing up your outfit. If the event is formal, dressing yourself in necklaces, pendants and rings can give your look a more distinct style. While these accessories are best kept in moderation, they'll add uniqueness to the otherwise rigid expectations of a formal event. Moderate your hair and makeup. Most wedding ceremonies favor traditional taste over flash. Although the party afterwards may be more casual, you don't want to overdo your hair and makeup. Rather, keep things within relatively conservative bounds. Keep your hair up, and use nude and natural shades for your cosmetics. Keep the bride in mind. Ultimately, the wedding ceremony is for the bride, not you. For the sake of not upstaging the bride herself, it's important not to go overboard with what you're wearing. Generally speaking, you should opt for something elegant that falls short of being flashy. Sequins are generally considered to be too showy for a night event. It's best to avoid them. Wear a dark suit. For men, wearing black to formal events is almost always appropriate. If you don't wear black, be sure that your pants and jacket match, since this lends an air of formality. Wear a white dress shirt underneath your suit. Choose dress shoes that match the color of your suit and belt. Pick a tie to match your outfit. Most invites will indicate a preference for ties. While the tie preference is generally understood to indicate a broader dress instruction, you should make a specific point of following the tie instruction. Unless specifically stated one way or the other, you will usually have an option between a standard tie or a bow tie. Bow ties work well in a tuxedo context. A regular tie should be fine, so long as it's not particularly flashy. Put on a black dress or cocktail dress. A simple black dress is very versatile and should fit both the semi-formal and evening conditions of the ceremony. Unlike a more formal floor-length gown, you'll also be able to dance in a cocktail dress, meaning you won't have to store a second pair of clothes if you don't want to. Cotton or jersey fabric is perfect for a semi-formal dress. Dress up when in doubt. There's a lot of grey area in what is expected for a semi-formal event. In any case, it's better to overdress for an occasion than to underdress for it. In one instance, you'll look awkward. In the other, you'll look flat-out disrespectful. Wear a dark suit. A dark-colored suit won't go wrong in a semi-formal wedding ceremony. Because it's only semi-formal, you have the option whether to button up your jacket or not. A tailored suit won't be expected for a semi-formal event, but may leave a better lasting impression on the wedding hosts if you decide to go that extra mile. Layer your outfit with a simple dress shirt underneath. It doesn't need to be fancy, so long as it's clean. Wear the tie of your choice. For a semi-formal wedding, there's usually no tie recommendation. Slip on basic leather dress shoes or heels. Leather shoes for men and heels for women are the typical footwear for a semi-formal event. There is a bit more leniency in a semi-formal setting, but you should avoid anything like sneakers. Sandals are an acceptable alternative in lieu of heels if the ceremony is outdoors. Choose an evening gown or cocktail dress. A floor-length evening gown is seen as the most formal form of women's wear for a night event. Aim for a dark-colored fabric to go with the night. Dark blues and blacks are perfect for a night time ceremony. Consider bringing a second set of clothing for the afterparty. Evening weddings often follow shortly after with a dinner and wedding reception. This afterparty tends to be more casual than the proceedings before it. While your reception clothing should remain elegant, you can switch up your dress for a more comfortable set such as a skirt and blouse. If you only have space for one set of clothing, aim for a formal dress that ends around the knee. That way, you'll be free to dance if you so choose. Express yourself at a "creative" black tie event. If the couple getting married want to temper the stuffy formality with a bit of silliness, they may suggest a "creative black tie dress" in the invite. This means you can have a bit of fun with what you're wearing. Patterned ties and colored dress shirts will be deemed acceptable in this case. Use glamorous makeup and a dressy hairstyle. Makeup and hair for women should be more lustrous than it would be for regular events, but you shouldn't take it overboard to the point of looking outlandish. Conservative, elegant makeup tones are best for a wedding ceremony. Exceptions may apply if the couple or ceremony are going to be "alternative" in some shape or form. Waving one's hair is considered glamorous, and works well for white-tie weddings. Curling hair is also a good way to match your look to the situation. Makeup can include bolder colors than you'd normally use on the street, but you shouldn't get overly fancy with it. Wear a tuxedo. A tuxedo is standard fare for men at formal events. If you have the time to plan in advance and funds to spare, get a tuxedo fitted professionally by a tailor. A fitted suit will match your figure much better than a store-bought set, and it will have the added comfort to match. In lieu of a true tuxedo, a black buttoned suit should suffice. Wear leather shoes or heels. Footwear is just as important in a formal setting as the other, more visible parts of your outfit. Dark leather shoes are the expected choice for men, while women may wear dress slippers or heels, depending on their preference and the likelihood of dancing. Whether you're wearing leather soles or heels, it is a good idea to color-coordinate your footwear with the rest of your outfit. For an outdoor night time ceremony, women may wear sandals instead of heels. Black socks are a given if you're wearing dress shoes. Layer your outfit with a white dress shirt. Where with white tie events a pique white vest is the norm, a fine white dress shirt will suffice in black tie wedding situations. Iron it out and put it on underneath your suit. Broadcloth fabric is a good choice for dress shirts. Because you'll be wearing a white shirt, take care not to stain it with food, either before or during the wedding ceremony. Stains are notoriously difficult to get out of white clothing. Sash your waist in a cummerbund. Men may sash their waist in a cummerbund, a silk cloth which typically fits around like a belt. Although it's not always expected at modern weddings, the fancy flair will make it obvious you've put effort into your appearance for the evening. Sport a bowtie. A black bowtie is a perfect centerpiece for a formal "black tie" outfit. Although clip-on versions are available, it may be seen as disrespectful to go the "easy" route. Instead, put in the manual effort for the optimal look. Some black tie weddings may tacitly expect regular business ties. If in doubt however, there are few ceremonies where a bowtie will be frowned upon. Silk, satin and twill are all acceptable fabrics for a black tie event bowtie. Dress in a floor-length evening gown. Because the ceremony will take place at night, it is advised that you choose a darker color for your dress. An evening gown should be made from silk or satin, and touch the ground while you're walking normally. High-class fabrics like satin, silk or velvet are perfect for a formal event. Because of the dressy nature of an evening gown, it's often a good idea to take a second, more comfortable dress along with you. That way, you'll be able to dance more fluidly during the ceremony's afterparty. Opt for glamorous hair and makeup. Although makeup isn't essential for women, there's a tacit understanding that attendees to a white tie wedding ceremony will put extra effort into their appearance. Aim for makeup tones that are glamorous without being outlandish. Go to a hairdresser or makeup stylist prior to the wedding and have it done professionally if you're in doubt. Off the shoulder curls are a perfect choice of hairstyle for an ultra-formal wedding ceremony. Makeup should be glamorous, but not overly showy. Aim for red lipsticks, dark mascaras and eyeshadows. Fancy or playful colors should be avoided. Wear a white-tie specific tuxedo. A "white tie" event is often seen as even more formal than a black tie affair. A black dress tailcoat is expected for a white tie wedding. However, due to the specificity of a white tie event, there may be special instructions listed in the invitation, which may require you to buy a set of white clothing. Because white clothing stains easily and usually needs to be purchased specifically for the event, these events tend to be rare. Put on a white bowtie. Bowties are typically seen as a fancier alternative to regular "business" ties. Proper bowties can be purchased at a proper dress store. According to the name of the dress code itself, your tie should be white, in contrast with your black overcoat. A bowtie may be seen as the male equivalent to jewelry. Although you can buy simple clip-on bowties, it's usually seen as better form to put on one that requires manual effort. Wear matching black trousers. Striped black trousers are the expected form of legwear for men. While a single satin stripe is the norm in the US, two stripes are usually expected in Europe. Your trousers should be made of the same fabric as your coat. Layer your suit with a white pique vest. A truly formal outfit for men will come in several layers. Underneath your overcoat, you should have a white pique vest. These may be purchased usually the same outlet you'll buy your overcoat from. Iron out the vest beforehand to smooth out the creases. Pique is a fancy knit fabric with a honeycomb-shaped look. Underneath the vest, a white undershirt is helpful for catching sweat. Accessorize with gloves. For white tie events, gloves are recommended for both women and men. Gloves should be white, to coincide with the white tie. Gloves tend to be expected in the case of dancing. Fancy jewelry is also a great way to add uniqueness to your look. Recognize the difference between wedding casual and true casual. There is no such thing as true “casual” for a wedding ceremony. After all, weddings are meant to be the event of a lifetime! Although you should ultimately rely on the wedding hosts' definition of the term, it's safer to air on the side of caution with business casual. This includes dress pants and a polo shirt for men, and a skirt and blouse for women. Wear a dress shirt or dress. A plain dress shirt is a good choice for men, with a jacket going overtop. For women, a cocktail dress will fit each stage of the casual wedding ceremony. Graphic fabrics may be worn at casual and semi-casual ceremonies. Include a tie if you want to. You don't need to wear a tie in a casual setting. However, it certainly won't be looked down upon, and can add a sense of class to your look regardless of what else you're wearing. Wear everyday hair and makeup. The "casual" aspect of the wedding ceremony will be emphasized when it comes to makeup and hair. Although you may put in the extra effort if you want to, you shouldn't go too far with sprucing yourself up. If the hosts are stressing a casual event, you won't want to attract too much attention to yourself by going overboard. Avoid logos and branded clothing. While being casual means dressing only a bit nicer than you normally would, you should still avoid any sort of clothes that feature brand names or graphic art. Keep your attire simple but elegant. Keep it as casual as the hosts want. If the wedding is meant to be casual, there is such a thing as being overdressed. Do your best to adhere to whatever dress instructions the wedding invitation lays out for you, and it's unlikely you'll run into problems.	Wear a dark-colored evening gown. Accessorize with jewelry. Moderate your hair and makeup. Keep the bride in mind. Wear a dark suit. Pick a tie to match your outfit. Put on a black dress or cocktail dress. Wear a dark suit. Slip on basic leather dress shoes or heels. Choose an evening gown or cocktail dress. Express yourself at a "creative" black tie event. Use glamorous makeup and a dressy hairstyle. Wear a tuxedo. Wear leather shoes or heels. Layer your outfit with a white dress shirt. Sash your waist in a cummerbund. Sport a bowtie. Dress in a floor-length evening gown. Opt for glamorous hair and makeup. Wear a white-tie specific tuxedo. Put on a white bowtie. Wear matching black trousers. Layer your suit with a white pique vest. Accessorize with gloves. Recognize the difference between wedding casual and true casual. Wear a dress shirt or dress. Include a tie if you want to. Wear everyday hair and makeup. Avoid logos and branded clothing. Keep it as casual as the hosts want.
https://www.wikihow.com/Diagnose-Your-Tree-Frog%27s-Illness	How to Diagnose Your Tree Frog's Illness	If you think your tree frog is sick, pay attention to its skin color and general behavior to diagnose its illness. For instance, if the skin near your frog's legs turns a reddish color, your frog may have a disease called Red-Leg. Unfortunately, there's no cure for this disease. If you notice that your frog is lethargic, like not jumping or its jaw hanging open, and it looks swollen, it could be suffering from edema. Try soaking your frog in clean spring water to see if that helps.	Check for discoloration. There are a variety of illnesses that can cause a tree frog to become discolored. Red-Leg, a common disease in pet tree frogs, causes the skin near the frog's legs to turn reddish. Sometimes something as simple as lack of humidity, stress, or a poor diet can cause a frog to have darkened skin. If your frog's skin is dry in addition to being discolored, this can be caused by a combination of stress and dehydration. However, some tree frogs naturally have a bit of red pigment on their legs. Keep track of your frog's coloring so that you can tell when it changes. If your frog is discolored, you should have it seen by a veterinarian. Assess your frog's energy level. Lethargy can be a key symptom of a variety of illnesses that occur in tree frogs. They include Red-Leg, MBD, edema, and others. Look for a lack of activity, the frog's jaw to hang open, and its legs to be sprawled out. Red-Leg is often fatal — there is no known cure for it. MBD is usually curable if it is treated right away. MBD usually makes the frog stop eating and jumping. This is due to improper feeding, which causes a lack of vitamin D and calcium. Edema is when the frog swells up and becomes lethargic because it is so bloated. If your frog is lethargic and not bloated, then it does not have edema. Look for bloating. If your frog has swollen up, it is most likely caused by edema. There are actually two types of edema. One is a bacterial infection and the other is from kidney failure due to vitamin toxicity. If it is the bacterial kind, you should soak your frog in clean spring water for a few hours to clear out the infection. The frog should be alright after that. Unfortunately, if your frog has edema caused by kidney failure, it will most likely die from the condition. Since bacterial edema can be cleared up relatively easily at home and the one caused by kidney failure is always fatal, it is up to you whether to take your frog in to be seen by a vet. To prevent edema, clean your frog's cage weekly and change its water frequently. Dying from kidney failure can be a slow, painful process. If your frog has edema caused by kidney failure, humane euthanasia performed by your vet is an option. Consider trouble with eating. Changes in your frog's appetite can signal a problem with their digestive system or an illness that does not allow them to catch their prey. For example, lack of appetite is a symptom of MBD. This disease weakens the bones of your frog and decreases its energy so much that it can't chase down its prey. MBD is often caused by improper feeding. Trouble with eating could also be the result of a parasite. If you have more than one frog housed in the terrarium, some frogs could be getting more food than others. You should also make sure you are feeding your frogs small crickets, because medium and large ones are too big for a tree frog to swallow. Pay attention to changes in your frog's sleeping habits. Your frog may be ill if it is awake during the day. Lack of sleep can occur when the frog is stressed out, such as right after you bring it home. However, it can also be a symptom of diseases that make the animal uncomfortable, such as edema. Look for sores, cuts, and bruises. Damage on the frog's skin when you first get it is probably due to being banged around while in transit. However, if the injury doesn't heal in a few days the damage could be the result of a bacterial infection. If it doesn't heal over the course of a week or so, the frog needs to be taken care of by a vet. If not treated, these infections and wounds can let harmful bacteria into your frog's body. This can result in death. Sores and bruises, as well as cuts, can cause a frog's skin to look strange. Inspect your frog's eyes. If your frog's eyes are smoky, cloudy, foggy, or blueish, it most likely has a condition known as Cloudy Eye. This occurs when the eye is bashed, poked, or scratched. If your frog's eyes are cloudy, you should get it veterinary care. Monitor your tree frog's weight. If your frog has lost weight, it may have either an internal parasite or Metabolic Bone Disease (MBD). A vet can cure both MBD and a parasitic infection, so take your frog to be seen by a vet if it has lost weight. If your frog has gained weight, this is probably due to overfeeding, or it could be a sign of edema. Cut back on the amount of food it gets and make sure its weight stabilizes by weighing it every few days. If your frog is losing weight, it could be that your frog is just naturally thin or that it needs to be fed more. You will need a digital scale to weigh your tree frog. Set a container with a lid on it on your scale and zero it out. Then put the frog in the container and read the screen. If you plan on documenting the frog's weight over time, be sure to write down its weight every time you weigh it. Find a vet that is experienced with treating tree frogs. To find a vet that works with frogs, contact local veterinary schools or look online for lists of veterinarians that work with amphibians. For example, you can look at the website of the Association of Reptilian and Amphibian Veterinarians. If there are several vets in your area who work with amphibians, make sure the vet you choose is the one that has the most experience with tree frogs. It's a good idea to find a vet before your frog is actually sick. Having an established relationship with a veterinarian that treats tree frogs will make it easier to get your pet quick care when it needs it. Take your frog in for an examination. It is best to have your frog checked out by a veterinarian if you see a symptom of illness. While you may end up bringing your pet in for a problem that is non-existent, it is better to be safe than sorry. Some diseases require quick treatment in order to be eliminated. If you suspect that your tree frog is sick but you are unsure about bringing it in to be seen by a vet, at least call the veterinary office and talk to them. Tell them about your pet's symptoms and ask them if they think your frog needs treatment. Follow your veterinarian's suggestions for treatment. If your tree frog is indeed ill, your veterinarian will begin its treatment and will give you instructions on how to continue treatment at home. Follow these directions and be sure to continue treatment for as long as your veterinarian suggests, even if your tree frog seems completely healed. If treatment is not minimizing your frog's symptoms or they are getting worse, contact your vet once again. It may be that your frog needs a different type or amount of treatment.	Check for discoloration. Assess your frog's energy level. Look for bloating. Consider trouble with eating. Pay attention to changes in your frog's sleeping habits. Look for sores, cuts, and bruises. Inspect your frog's eyes. Monitor your tree frog's weight. Find a vet that is experienced with treating tree frogs. Take your frog in for an examination. Follow your veterinarian's suggestions for treatment.
https://www.wikihow.com/Be-a-Successful-Teacher	How to Be a Successful Teacher	To be a successful teacher, start by planning lessons well in advance, so that your classroom time is organized and efficient. As you come up with lesson plans, try to vary your teaching tools to accommodate different learning styles, such as field trips, group activities, or discussions. Additionally, treat your students with respect and kindness, while being clear that you are in charge while they're at school. For example, don't be afraid to say "Please raise your hand if you have a question," to a student who interrupts you while you're speaking.	Do your class preparation and lesson planning well in advance. For teachers, few experiences are less enjoyable than staying up late the night before a class, preparing the readings or assignments that your students will complete the next day. Keep your work organized, and plan each lesson ahead of time. It helps to have written lesson plans. At the beginning of each week, write down your lesson plan for each class you will teach. Do your class preparation (writing assignments and quizzes, preparing videos, etc.) at the beginning of the week as well. Monthly calendars are often helpful for a “big picture” approach. Preparing a detailed calendar a month or two in advance will help you schedule the various segments of the course you're teaching. If you're teaching at the high school or college level, consider sharing the calendar with your students (even if the calendar will change slightly as the course develops). Establish a regular schedule for your grading. Many inexperienced teachers find themselves quickly bogged down in grading seemingly endless papers and tests. To avoid this, figure out when during the week you have time to grade, and break the total amount of weekly grading down into manageable pieces. It helps to use a timer when grading. For example, give yourself 15 minutes to grade each essay, and 5 minutes to grade each quiz. Use technology that will be helpful to your students. While you do not need to always use the newest, most trendy teaching technique or teach from your students' favorite website, it will help both you and your students if you use some technology in the classroom. Students quickly become tired of repetitive class structures and lectures. Using technology could mean: Create a Powerpoint or Prezi to convey information. Show your students a short, relevant film or video that will spark classroom discussion. There are even phone-based learning apps that instructors can incorporate into new lessons. Vary your teaching style and strategy. This will allow you to accommodate different learning styles. Although you, as a teacher, may have a favorite way of teaching your students, consider that various students may learn better through other methods, including verbal instruction, reading texts, conversation, and hands-on experience. Experiment with different teaching techniques: Skip the lecture, and instead help your students learn with an active group activity. Bring in tangible objects, related to the lesson, that your students can interact with and learn from. In discussions, provide a mixture of abstract thoughts and practical examples. Take your students on a field trip—even in college! Let teaching inspire your own learning. Part of the pleasure of teaching students is that, along with sparking their curiosity to learn, you can remind yourself of the pleasure of learning as well. You can allow your teaching to maintain your own academic and personal interests in the subject matter of your classes. If you're permitted, make small changes to your teaching materials and assignments each year; this will keep the material fresh for you and make it more enjoyable for your students. Decide on your classroom policies, then follow through. It's important to show your students that there are specific guidelines that they need to follow in your classroom. Clearly state these policies on your syllabus, and expect your students to follow the policies. For example, consider: Will you allow students to use their cell phones while in class? Can students take notes on a laptop computer or tablet? How many times can a student arrive late before they lose points? Although some of these may be school-wide policies that you have no control over, you should still enforce and follow through on them. Maintain your authority over the classroom. While teachers should not be seen as authoritarian, it's important that you do act with authority. Show that you are effectively leading the class by explaining the daily class schedule ahead of time, and keeping the class focused on the lesson. Be clear that when you are speaking, all student conversation needs to stop. Don't hesitate to call out individual students; say something like, “Please don't speak over me, and raise your hand if you have a question.” Politely but firmly insist that students put away their phones, and computers as well, if your students are browsing the internet rather than taking notes. Dress like a professional. The way you dress and act plays a large roll in how you are seen by your students. Both men and women—especially teachers in their 20s—should dress professionally. Wear a jacket, a shirt and tie; wear a dress or skirt to look more professional and, consequently, more authoritative. Plan out how the class will spend its time every period. This should be a standard part of your lesson planning. It's better to plan too many activities for any given class period than too few. If you have an extra activity, save it for a day when you get through your lesson more quickly than anticipated. Aim for each activity to take about 25 minutes. This will give you a rough estimate of how many activities you can plan in a class period. If you have a 50 minute class period, plan on two major activities. Have your students complete a quiz and then participate in a group discussion. Or, for younger students, ask them to complete a hands-on activity in a group, then individually write a summary of what they learned. Don't plan to improvise or change plans in the middle of class. Act confidently, even if you don’t always feel confident. One of the most challenging parts of teaching—especially for new teachers—is showing confidence in front of a classroom full of strangers. Even if you don't feel confident at first, fake it—students usually can't tell the difference, and your classroom successes will turn into genuine confidence soon enough. Use occasional humor in the classroom. Humor can often show confidence; it makes you look like you are in control of a situation if you can inject occasional humor. Show confidence by your physical presence. Don't huddle in a corner of the classroom. During every class period, stand up, move around, gesture with your arms, and write on the whiteboard. These motions will make you appear confident and dynamic. Give your students plentiful and constructive feedback. Students enjoy and expect feedback from their teachers; it shows that you are personally evaluating their work, and that you have firm standards in place. When grading a student's essay, try leaving four or five comments on the body of the essay, and then a three to four sentence paragraph at the end, where you detail the major successes and failures of the essay. Give your students verbal feedback in class. Encourage their comments, and gently push them to develop more complex ideas and solutions. Engage personally with your students during in-class discussions. This will communicate your respect and consideration for the individual student. Your student will, in turn, have a greater respect for you if it's clear that you know his or her name and care about his or her education. Treat students with kindness. Showing your students respect and kindness should be a guiding principle when you engage with your students. This is true in all settings in which you communicate with students: in the classroom, in your office hours, over email, or in any other manner. Listen when they speak and do not speak over a student. Give your students the benefit of the doubt. It can be easy for teachers to forget that their students have a life outside of the class & required homework. However, you need to remember that many students have busy schedules and complicated personal lives. If students claim to have had a health problem or family emergency, evaluate their claim with objectivity. Encourage your students. Many students see their teachers primarily as disciplinarians; they view a teacher as someone who punishes them for doing poorly on an assignment or for speaking out of turn in class. Contrary to this, through your own enthusiasm for the class topic and the materials that you are teaching, you should encourage and inspire your students to learn about the class topic. Praise students individually and collectively for their work. Find aspects of the class work that each student engages with, and encourage the students to develop their own interests within the class. Establish boundaries for you and your students to follow outside of the classroom. Many inexperienced teachers plan to befriend their students, and to treat them like friends outside the classroom. This can lead to encounters that may appear unprofessional, and a lack of a formal relationship between you and your students. Make it clear to students how they can contact you. For example, give them your email address, but avoid handing out your cell phone number. Be clear with your students about how long it will take for you to reply to their emails. Will you try to reply within the same hour, or within a 24-hour period? Avoid meeting with students off campus. If you must, meet at a coffee shop; avoid meeting in places that serve alcohol, as it could send a misleading message.	Do your class preparation and lesson planning well in advance. Establish a regular schedule for your grading. Use technology that will be helpful to your students. Vary your teaching style and strategy. Let teaching inspire your own learning. Decide on your classroom policies, then follow through. Maintain your authority over the classroom. Dress like a professional. Plan out how the class will spend its time every period. Act confidently, even if you don’t always feel confident. Give your students plentiful and constructive feedback. Engage personally with your students during in-class discussions. Treat students with kindness. Give your students the benefit of the doubt. Encourage your students. Establish boundaries for you and your students to follow outside of the classroom.
https://www.wikihow.com/Install-WhatsApp	How to Install WhatsApp	To install WhatsApp on your Android, open the Google Play Store in your app drawer, and then tap ""WhatsApp"" into the search bar. Tap WhatsApp Messenger in the search results, and then tap INSTALL to start the download. Finally, tap the OPEN button to launch WhatsApp and set up your account.To install WhatsApp on your iPhone, tap the App Store icon on your home screen, and then tap the magnifying glass. Type ""WhatsApp"" into the search bar and press the search key. Tap WhatsApp Messenger in the search results, and then tap GET to install it. Once the app is installed, tap the OPEN button and follow the on-screen instructions to get started.	Open your Android's Google Play Store. It's a white app with a multicolored triangle on it. You'll find this app in the App Drawer. Tap the magnifying glass icon. It's in the top-right corner of the screen. Type whatsapp into the search bar, then tap Go. This will search the Play Store for WhatsApp; it should be the top result on the next page. Tap the "WhatsApp Messenger" item. Doing so will take you to WhatsApp's app page. Tap INSTALL. This will be in the top-right side of the screen. Tap ACCEPT when prompted. It's at the bottom of the pop-up menu. Doing so will prompt WhatsApp to begin downloading to your Android. Wait for WhatsApp to finish downloading, then tap OPEN. It's on the right side of the screen. Now that WhatsApp is installed on your Android, you can set it up. Tap AGREE AND CONTINUE. It's at the bottom of the screen. Type in your phone number. You'll enter this in the text field in the middle of the page. Tap OK when prompted. WhatsApp will send a text message with a verification code to your provided phone number. Open your phone's messages app. You'll see a new text message here. Tap the new message. It should say "Your WhatsApp code is [six-digit code] but you can simply tap on this link to verify your device" in the body of the text. Type the six-digit code into WhatsApp. As long as you don't mistype, this will confirm your phone's identity and redirect you to the account creation page. Enter your name and a photo. You don't have to add a photo, though it will help identify you to other contacts (especially if you use a different name). If you've downloaded WhatsApp before, you'll first have an option to restore your chat history. You can also tap Use Facebook Info to use your Facebook picture and name. Tap Next. It's in the top-right corner of the screen. WhatsApp is now installed and set up on your Android--you can begin using WhatsApp at your leisure. Open the iPhone's App Store. It's a light-blue app with a white "A" on it. You'll likely see this on the Home Screen. Tap Search. This button, which resembles a magnifying glass, is at the bottom of the screen. Tap the "Search" bar. You'll see this at the top of the screen. Type whatsapp into the search bar, then tap Search. This button is in the bottom-right corner of the screen. Tap GET to the right of WhatsApp. WhatsApp resembles a green app with a white speech bubble encompassing a phone. Tap INSTALL when prompted. This button is in the same place as GET. Enter your Apple ID password if asked. If you've recently logged into your Apple ID in the App Store, you won't have to do this. You can also use your Touch ID if your iPhone supports it. Wait for your download to finish, then tap OPEN. It's to the right of WhatsApp. Doing so will open WhatsApp, allowing you to proceed with setting it up. Tap OK or Don't Allow for any pop-up windows. These windows will ask if you want to allow WhatsApp access to your contacts and whether or not WhatsApp can send notifications to you. Tap Agree & Continue. It's at the bottom of the screen. Type in your phone number, then tap Done. Your phone number goes in the text field that's in the middle of the screen; Done is in the top-right corner. Tap Yes when prompted. WhatsApp will send a confirmation code to your iPhone's Messages. Press the Home button, then open Messages. It's a green app with a white speech bubble. Open the text message from WhatsApp. It will say something like "Your WhatsApp code is [six-digit number]..." in the text's body. Type the six-digit code into WhatsApp. As long as you do so correctly, WhatsApp will allow you to finish customizing your profile. Enter your name. Do so by tapping the "Your name" text field in the middle of the screen and typing in your name. You can also add a profile picture on this page. You may also have the option of tapping Restore in the top-right corner of the screen to restore your chat history. This will only apply if you've used WhatsApp before on this phone. Tap Done. Your iPhone's WhatsApp is now installed and set up, meaning that you're ready to begin using WhatsApp ! Go to the WhatsApp website on a computer. It's at https://www.whatsapp.com/. You can download WhatsApp's desktop version from this site. Click Mac or Windows PC. This option is toward the bottom of the webpage. Click the green DOWNLOAD button. It's on the right side of the page. Clicking this button will prompt the WhatsApp setup file to download, though you may first have to select a download location. Wait for the setup file to finish downloading, then double-click it. It will likely be in your computer's default "Downloads" folder (e.g., the desktop). Wait for WhatsApp to finish installing. Once it's done, you'll see the WhatsApp icon, which is a white phone on a green background, on your desktop. A white window with a green illustration will appear while WhatsApp is installing. Double-click the WhatsApp icon if WhatsApp doesn't open. Doing so will launch WhatsApp's login page, which has a black-and-white checkered box (this is a QR code). Open WhatsApp on your phone. If you don't have WhatsApp on your phone yet, you'll need to install it on your iPhone or Android before continuing. Open the WhatsApp code scanner. Depending on your phone, the path to open the QR scanner will be as follows: iPhone - Tap Settings in the bottom-right corner of your screen, then tap WhatsApp Web/Desktop near the top of the screen. Android - Tap ⋮ , then tap WhatsApp Web at the top of the menu. Point your phone's camera at the QR code. After a brief moment, WhatsApp will scan the code, which will give your computer permission to log into WhatsApp. You should now be able to use WhatsApp on your computer! If the QR code has expired, click the arrow in the middle of it to refresh the code. If the code won't scan, make sure that all of the QR code is displayed on your phone's screen--you may need to increase the distance between your phone and your computer screen.	Open your Android's Google Play Store. Tap the magnifying glass icon. Type whatsapp into the search bar, then tap Go. Tap the "WhatsApp Messenger" item. Tap INSTALL. Tap ACCEPT when prompted. Wait for WhatsApp to finish downloading, then tap OPEN. Tap AGREE AND CONTINUE. Type in your phone number. Tap OK when prompted. Open your phone's messages app. Tap the new message. Type the six-digit code into WhatsApp. Enter your name and a photo. Tap Next. Open the iPhone's App Store. Tap Search. Tap the "Search" bar. Type whatsapp into the search bar, then tap Search. Tap GET to the right of WhatsApp. Tap INSTALL when prompted. Enter your Apple ID password if asked. Wait for your download to finish, then tap OPEN. Tap OK or Don't Allow for any pop-up windows. Tap Agree & Continue. Type in your phone number, then tap Done. Tap Yes when prompted. Press the Home button, then open Messages. Open the text message from WhatsApp. Type the six-digit code into WhatsApp. Enter your name. Tap Done. Go to the WhatsApp website on a computer. Click Mac or Windows PC. Click the green DOWNLOAD button. Wait for the setup file to finish downloading, then double-click it. Wait for WhatsApp to finish installing. Double-click the WhatsApp icon if WhatsApp doesn't open. Open WhatsApp on your phone. Open the WhatsApp code scanner. Point your phone's camera at the QR code.
https://www.wikihow.com/Talk-to-an-Autistic-Person	How to Talk to an Autistic Person	If you're unsure about how to talk to an autistic person, try to focus on what will make them feel comfortable and heard. Most autistic people don't make a lot of eye contact, so try sitting or walking side by side or chatting while doing something else, like drawing, so that they don't feel forced to look at you. If possible, hang out in a quieter place so they can better focus on the conversation and not feel overwhelmed by other sights and sounds. When talking, try to find some common ground, like something you're both passionate about or interested in. You'll also want to be as direct as possible since autistic people can have a difficult time reading subtle social cues, like body language, sarcasm, and facial expressions.	Don't worry about eye contact. Most autistic people don't make eye contact often, and may feel uncomfortable if you try to force them to do so. Autistic people can usually think, listen, and speak better when they don't need to make eye contact. If not making eye contact feels odd to you, try sitting or walking side by side, or chatting while doing something that involves your eyes (like drawing or crochet). They may not always look at you when listening to you. Unlike non-autistic people, autistic people don't always look at the person or thing they are thinking about. Avoid touching them unexpectedly. Some autistic people are highly sensitive to touch, and even a friendly pat on the back can feel alarming or painful. Feel free to ask the autistic person what their likes and boundaries are. For example, some autistic people are distracted by a hand on their shoulder, while others love bear hugs. In general, don't touch an autistic person without their consent, and try not to startle them. Try asking first: "Would you like a hug?" This gives them the chance to decline if they're feeling too overwhelmed. If you're going to touch an autistic person, let them see your hand coming. This keeps from startling them, and gives them time to pull away or say no. Autistic people usually can't handle touch when experiencing sensory overload. Don't assume that a "yes" from yesterday will guarantee a "yes" today. Conversely, they might have been unable to process a hug yesterday, but would love a hug today. Find a peaceful area to hang out. Due to Sensory Processing Disorder , an autistic person might have trouble filtering out ambient noises and sights. Thus, it's a good idea to hang out in a quieter place, so they can better focus on the conversation. Pay attention if they say they can't handle something. If they say it, they mean it. Sometimes autistic people have a hard time understanding when they're overwhelmed. If you notice that they look stressed, take them somewhere less overwhelming. Speak clearly and understandably. While some autistic people have no barriers to typical conversation, others may not understand everything you say. Be respectful, and be willing to repeat yourself if they didn't catch what you said. Here are some difficulties they may face... Trouble with figurative language. Sarcasm and humor may be confusing to autistic people. If they act strange or confused, you may need to clarify that you weren't serious. Speech processing issues. Regardless of their intelligence or vocabulary, it may take them time to translate sounds into meanings in their heads. Allow for pauses in the conversation, to give them time to think and react. Avoid rattling off long lists of things—write it down if you expect them to remember all of it. Use your normal tone of voice. Avoid talking to adults in baby talk. Be aware of challenges with reading social cues. Autistic people may not understand facial expressions, body language, hidden implications, or hints—it depends on the individual. It helps to be clear about your thoughts and feelings. If they do something that's socially tone-deaf, assume ignorance rather than malice. It's unlikely that they mean any harm by it. Since social rules can be harder for autistic people to understand, they may unintentionally say something rude. Assume the best: that they walked away because they didn't know how to end a conversation, instead of that they walked away because they hate you. Check with them. "I noticed that you didn't respond when I said hi to you in the grocery store yesterday. Were you ignoring me, or did you not notice me?" They'll appreciate the clarity. If they hurt your feelings, say so. This gives them the opportunity to realize that you were upset, and apologize to you. Know that you may witness a meltdown or shutdown. Meltdowns occur when an autistic person can no longer suppress their pent-up stress, and releases it in a fit of emotion that may resemble a breakdown or tantrum. Shutdowns look like the opposite: the person "shuts down," becomes passive, and loses the ability to interact. In both cases, it's important to give them patience and compassion. Help them find a quiet, private place so they can calm down. Avoid asking questions, pressuring them to speak, or trying to distract them. Give them time. Reduce sensory input. Never grab them without permission or shout at them. Remember, they can't control it, and they probably feel deeply ashamed about losing control in a public place. Meltdowns feel terrible. Once they feel better, you can ask about what happened, and what could be done next time to better meet their needs (if anything). If they don't want to talk about it, then let it go. Expect them to stim. Stimming is a natural autistic behavior that helps them stay calm, think clearly, feel good, express their feelings, and adapt to a challenging world. When your friend stims, act like there's nothing unusual about it: ignore it and keep talking, or respond to their emotion (e.g. laughing along with them, or asking if they're doing okay because they look distressed). They will appreciate your acceptance. If their stimming is interfering with your needs (e.g. their pacing is making you literally feel dizzy), gently ask for them to switch to a different stim. Never ask them to stop stimming just because it makes you feel embarrassed or awkward. If an autistic person stims around you, consider it a compliment—they trust you enough to be themselves around you. Ask if you aren't sure about their needs. It's okay to ask an autistic person about how you can accommodate their needs. Asking is much better than assuming. People who are labeled as "high functioning" often are expected to adapt to non-autistic standards (however painful or difficult it might be), while "low functioning" people might be treated as if they cannot understand anything, let alone their minds or needs. Being asked about their needs is often a relief. It doesn't have to be a big deal: all you're asking is "What can I do to help?" This will improve the quality of your interactions—a girl who was previously inattentive in a cafeteria might become an active conversation partner in a quiet, non-distracting cafe. It may take them time to respond, and they may revise their responses later. Autism is a complex disability, and it's difficult to think of every important aspect off of the top of their heads. Consider reading about autism. The internet is full of information from autistic-run organizations and autistic writers (like Cynthia Kim and Amy Sequenzia) who offer insights into the ways their minds work. Kim's website has a list of recommended blogs in the sidebar. Beware groups that exclude autistic people, focus on what "burdens" and "disasters" they are, or portray themselves as anti-autism. These groups are not helpful, and not accurate. Listen to real autistic people. Some parents and therapists exist who write compassionate, insightful resources. For example, Ariane Zurcher of Emma's Hope Book and Dr. Jonine Biesman are well-regarded among autistic people. These people can also provide good information. Remember that autism is more than a list of deficits and challenges. It also comes with some significant strengths, that can make autistic people be very good friends. Many autistic people are funny, genuine, loyal, loving, and insightful. Recognize your friend's individual strengths, and appreciate them for the person they are. You can acknowledge a disability while still appreciating the person as a worthwhile, likable human being. Try to be understanding. Every autistic person is different, and their differences may make them seem odd or even rude. It might be because of a disability that they haven't disclosed, a co-occurring condition, or a lack of understanding of social rules. Most likely, they never intended to be rude, and feel upset and apologetic if they learn that they hurt someone's feelings. Don't wait for the autistic person to start a conversation. Many autistic people have trouble starting conversations, and might not pick up on the clues that you want to talk to them. If you want to talk to them, just go and do it! Don't worry if it seems awkward, since most autistic people are used to a little awkwardness anyway. Find some common ground. Most autistic people have a few topics that they're particularly passionate about, and they love to talk about them if they believe you're interested. Keep your questions polite. If you have questions about autism, it's okay to ask, but avoid asking questions such as "Can you fall in love?" or "Do autistic people have bellybuttons too?" since they are demeaning and rude. Don't ask an autistic person anything that you wouldn't feel comfortable asking a non-autistic person. If you aren't sure if a question is appropriate or not, look it up on the internet. That way, you can save your embarrassment for yourself as you realize that of course autistic people have bellybuttons, and you won't make anyone uncomfortable by accident. Set boundaries as needed. Since autistic people may not always pick up on social cues, you might have to be explicit, rather than dropping hints. Here are several things you can say to compassionately and politely set a boundary: "It's been nice talking about cats, but I'm a little tired of the subject right now. Could we talk about school or something else instead, and talk more about cats later?" "I need to go work on a project now, okay? I'll see you at dinner." "Well, I'd better hurry, so I won't be late for my meeting. Catch you later!" "I need some alone time right now." Listen to them. Sometimes, people around an autistic person get caught up in therapies and training, to the point that they forget that the autistic person is a person with thoughts and emotions. Give your friend a chance to be understood. Be direct when you need to finish a conversation (if needed). If you want to leave or do something else, it's best to be polite and clear. Politely get their attention and explain that you have to go. Autistic people may miss subtle signs that you want to leave. If you're talking about something that doesn't interest them, they might not know how to change the subject or let you know that they'd rather go do something else. If they act abrupt or leave unexpectedly, brush it off. They probably didn't mean any harm by it. Appreciate them for who they are. It's too common for organizations and non-autistic people to treat autism like a blight or disease that must be "cured." Most autistic people just want to be loved, autism and all, and treated like equal human beings. Showing unconditional acceptance means the world to them.	Don't worry about eye contact. Avoid touching them unexpectedly. Find a peaceful area to hang out. Speak clearly and understandably. Be aware of challenges with reading social cues. Know that you may witness a meltdown or shutdown. Expect them to stim. Ask if you aren't sure about their needs. Consider reading about autism. Remember that autism is more than a list of deficits and challenges. Try to be understanding. Don't wait for the autistic person to start a conversation. Find some common ground. Keep your questions polite. Set boundaries as needed. Listen to them. Be direct when you need to finish a conversation (if needed). Appreciate them for who they are.
https://www.wikihow.com/Remove-Silicone-Sealant	How to Remove Silicone Sealant	To remove silicone sealant from bathroom tiles, use a utility knife or razor to slowly cut along one side of the seam to loosen it. Make a shallow cut so you don't damage the wall or tiles. After you've cut along one side of the silicone sealant, use your knife or razor to cut along the opposite side. Once you've cut both sides, peel the caulk up and away from the tiles. If there's any silicone leftover, use a utility or putty knife to carefully dig it out. To remove silicone from glass, carefully use a razor to scrape it off. If there's any left over silicone, aim a hot air gun at the glass for a few seconds and try scraping it again. You can also use rubbing alcohol or mineral spirits to remove any residue from the glass.	Clean the shower or bathtub. Remove any personal items and other shower accessories from the bathtub and place them somewhere out of the way. Wash the tiled area with the bathroom tile cleaner. Find a cleaner that will get rid of soap scum without leaving a residue. You can also use a mild dish detergent and hot water to clean the tiles. Select the first caulk seam to remove. Use the utility knife or razor to make an incision on one side of the caulk seam. Hold the knife so it is near the wall at the base of the silicone and slide the knife down the full length of the seam. Slice slowly and be careful not to cut into the wall. Don't cut all the way through the seam. Your goal is just to loosen the edge of the seam. Make a shallow cut by using only the tip of the knife. Repeat the previous step on the other side of the same seam. Slide the knife along the length of the seam close to where the silicone touches the tile, but again without slicing into the wall. Hold one end of the loose silicone sealant. Peel the caulk up and away from the tile. This will remove the silicone that was filling the joint, along with the part you can see. If you encounter any resistance from the sealant, use the putty knife to push it along. Remove the remaining sealant in the joint. Use the utility knife or putty knife to dig out any leftover pieces of silicone carefully. Position the knife at an angle to the tile and take your time to avoid scratching or damaging the tile. Repeat the steps for any other seams that you want to remove. Take your time and continue to work carefully. Scrub the tile to remove any residue. Wet the scouring pad with acetone and wipe it over the bathroom tiles. It may take a little elbow grease to get rid of tougher residue. If you don't have acetone, you can use rubbing alcohol or mineral spirits instead. Use a mixture of a ⅓ cup of bleach and 1 gallon of water to kill any mold or mildew. Wait until it dries completely before adding new sealant. Use the razor to begin scraping the sealant off the glass surface. Position the blade of the razor where the caulk meets the glass. Apply pressure to the razor and begin scraping off the caulk. Be careful when using the razor, so you don't scratch the glass or cut yourself. Apply heat with a hot air gun if the silicone does not come off easily with the razor. Set the hot air gun to a high heat setting and point the nozzle at the trouble area. After a few moments, test the area with the scraper to see if it has softened enough for you to continue. Scrape until the majority of the sealant is gone. If you don't have a hot air gun, a hair dryer on the highest setting will work just as well. Remove any leftover sealant with the rubbing alcohol and sponge. Dip the sponge in the rubbing alcohol or mineral spirits and gently wipe the glass. If there are still large bits of caulk, try applying heat again and go back to scrapping. After all the sealant is removed, dip a cloth in rubbing alcohol to get rid of any cloudiness on the glass. Remove loose pieces by hand. If you're removing the sealant because it is old, there is a good chance there will be unattached bits that are falling away from the wood. Pull off any pieces that can easily be removed by hand. Use a hot air blower to warm up the remaining sealant. This will soften the caulk and make it easier to remove. Don't overheat the area too much as this can damage the finish on the wood. You can use a hair dryer instead of a hot air blower to soften the sealant. Scrape off the rest of the sealant with the razor blade. Position the blade at a low angle, so it doesn't damage the wood surface. The sealant will come off in large pieces. Use your hands or the tweezers to completely remove the chunks. Remove the remaining residue with a silicone caulk remover. Start by reading the directions on the caulk remover bottle. Then, apply the remover to the area you just scraped and wipe it off with a damp cloth. Don't use too much moisture as this can also damage the wood. Before you begin, test the silicone sealant remove on a small section of the wood to ensure it will not damage or discolor it. Tidy up the surface of the wood with a wood cleaner. This keeps the wood clean and free from harm. A clean surface is essential for applying primer, paint, stain, or varnish.	Clean the shower or bathtub. Select the first caulk seam to remove. Hold one end of the loose silicone sealant. Remove the remaining sealant in the joint. Scrub the tile to remove any residue. Use the razor to begin scraping the sealant off the glass surface. Apply heat with a hot air gun if the silicone does not come off easily with the razor. Remove any leftover sealant with the rubbing alcohol and sponge. Remove loose pieces by hand. Use a hot air blower to warm up the remaining sealant. Scrape off the rest of the sealant with the razor blade. Remove the remaining residue with a silicone caulk remover. Tidy up the surface of the wood with a wood cleaner.
https://www.wikihow.life/Paint-New-Terracotta-Pots	How to Paint New Terracotta Pots	To paint new terracotta pots, lay down some newspaper and wash the pot inside and out with warm water, letting it dry completely. Then, gently sand the exterior of the pot with 220-grit sandpaper to make the surface smooth, and then wipe it with a damp cloth to remove dust. Once the pot is dry, seal the inside of the pot with an acrylic sealant and let it dry. Next, apply the paint to the exterior of the pot, using painter's tape to block off any parts that you don't want to paint. Be sure to apply 2 coats and let the paint dry completely in between coats.	Choose an adequate work environment. Because you will be working with spray paints, you will need to work in a well-ventilated, dust-free environment. The best place to work is in a paint booth, though you can also work outside. Cover your work surface with newspapers or plastic cloth to protect it. If you're working inside, make sure to keep a window open and take breaks often. Consider turning on a fan and keeping it turns away from you to help steer the fumes away. If you work outside, be wary of dust in the air that might stick to your paint. Always wear a good mask while painting Clean the pot in warm water and let it dry. Brand-new pots are often coated with a thin layer of dust. Some may even have price tags and stickers. All of these can prevent the paint from adhering properly. To fix this, start off by soaking the pot in a container filled with warm water and a small amount of dish soap. Use a stiff brush or coarse sponge to loosen any grit or dirt. If the pot has any stubborn price tags that won't come off, leave the pot sitting in the hot water for about an hour, then continue scrubbing it Once clean, set the pot in a sunny spot and let it dry. Smooth the surface down with sandpaper. Once the pot is clean, use a fine, 220-grit sand paper to smooth the surface. Focus on any rough pots and sharp edges. Don't worry about polishing and getting the pot to be perfectly-smooth. Raw, unpainted terracotta will never be smooth as porcelain; it will always have some texture to it. The rough, jagged patches, however, are imperfections and will have to go. Wipe the pot with a damp cotton cloth and let it dry. This will remove all traces of dust and grit. Let the pot dry completely before proceeding. Seal the inside of the terracotta pot and let it dry. Shake a can of clear, acrylic spray sealer until you can hear it rattle, then apply a light, even coat to the inside of the pot. Be sure to cover the bottom and the sides. Terracotta is porous, so it will likely soak up the first coat. This is normal. Simply wait for this coat to dry before applying another coat. You may need between two or three more coats. Allow each coat to dry and lightly sand the coat before applying another. The sealer is important, because it will prevent moisture from leaching through to the outside after the pot is planted. You can use any finish for the acrylic sealer: matte, satin, or glossy. Be sure that the can states that the sealer is waterproof. For a more sophisticated look, paint the inside of the flower pot black first, then seal it. Consider sealing the outside of the pot with an oil based spray-on primer. If you are going to paint the entire pot one, solid color, then you will need to prime it. Hold the can 6 to 8 inches (15.24 to 20.32 centimeters) away from the surface of the pot, and apply a light, even coat. You can apply a second coat, if necessary, once the first one dries. Applying some primer will not only help you achieve a smoother finish, but it will also prevent the pot from soaking up any paint. Consider sealing the outside of the pot with matte sealer. If you wish to paint some designs and have the raw terracotta still visible, then coat the pot with some matte, acrylic spray sealer instead. Hold the can 6 to 8 inches (15.24 to 20.32 centimeters) away from the pot, and spray on a light, even coat. You may apply a second coat, if necessary, once the first one dries. This will seal the pot and prevent it from absorbing too much paint while giving the paint something to grip onto. The matte finish will blend in with the matte texture of the pot. If you wish to create a weathered-looking pot, then use this technique. Allow the primer to dry thoroughly before proceeding. Most primers will dry within 15 minutes, but some may require as much as two to three hours. Refer to the manufacturer's directions on the can for more specific drying times. Decide how much of the pot you want painted. You can paint the entire pot a solid color, or you can leave parts of the pot unpainted. If you wish to leave some areas unpainted, then you will need to cover them with painter's tape. Here are some ideas: Apply paint to just the brim of the pot for a splash of color. You can paint the drain dish a matching color. Paint the body of the pot, but leave the brim unpainted. Paint only half of the pot. You can choose which half: the top half or the bottom half. Create alternating stripes of painted and unpainted areas. You can also use a zigzag pattern. Block off any areas you don't want painted. This will help you achieve a nice, crisp line between the painted areas and the unpainted areas. If you have a steady hand and are using a flat paintbrush or a foam brush, then you do not have to use the painter's tape. If you are using spray paint, then you will need to use painter's tape. Here are some ways you can use painter's tape: If you want to paint just the brim of the pot, place a thick stripe of painter's tape just below the brim. If you are using spray paint, cover the pot with a plastic bag and seal the edges of the bag to the pot using tape, or use painters tape to cover the whole pot. The painter's tape will help you get a nice, straight line, and the bag will prevent any spray paint from accidentally getting on the pot. If you want to paint the pot but leave the brim plain, then cover the brim with painter's tape. If you are painting only half of the pot, then cover the part you don't want colored using painter's tape. Place strips of painter's tape to create lines and zigzags. The areas with the tape will have the unfinished terracotta color when you are done painting. Choose your paint. Paint comes in many different finishes, and the sort of paint you choose will determine what sort of sealer you will be using at the end, if at all. Here are some suggestions: Metallic, pearlescent, and glittery paint will add some sparkle to your pot. These paints will need to be sealed with a glossy finish to preserve their shine and luster. If you choose this type of paint, make sure the paint is made for exterior use. You can create a completely customizable pot with chalkboard paint. If you choose to use chalkboard paint, you won't need to seal it. Sealing a chalkboard finish will prevent it from working like a chalkboard. Solid colored paints can be coated with matte, satin, or glossy sealants for different finishes. Textured spray paint is also available. You can make your terracotta pot look rustic with a coarse, stone-like texture. Prepare your paint. If you are using acrylic paint, squirt some paint onto a dish. To reduce the possibility of brushstrokes, dilute the paint with a few drops of water, until it reaches the consistency of cream. If you are using spray paint, simply shake the can for few moments until you can hear the ball inside rattle. You can use outdoor or craft-grade paint. The pot will be sealed once again when you are done painting. Apply the first coat of paint and let it dry. If you are using acrylic paint, you can use a flat paintbrush or a foam paintbrush. If you are using spray paint, hold the can 6 to 8 inches (15.24 to 20.32 centimeters) away from the pot's surface and spray on a light, even coat. Let this coat dry before applying another. This can take anywhere from 15 minutes to a few hours, depending on the manufacturer's recommendations. Apply more coats, if necessary. Once the first coat has dried, you can apply a second or third coat. Make sure to let each coat to dry completely before adding another one. You should be able to tell when the paint has fully covered the pot. Paint the inside of the pot for a more finished look. Apply some paint to the top inch (2.54 centimeters) of the inside of the pot. It isn't necessary to paint any more of the inside as the pot will be filled with soil. Consider adding some designs. Painting your terracotta pot can give it some color, but adding designs can make it even more interesting. These section will give you some tips and ideas. Block off areas with painter's tape and add more colors. If you want to create a pot with a striped or zigzag pattern, arrange some painter's tape on it in a pattern you like. Paint the pot again in a different color, then remove the tape. Let the pot dry. You can create more shapes and patterns by adding more painter's tape, painting, and removing the tape. You can also create a polka-dot pattern by sticking circle-shaped stickers or price tags onto the pot. Paint over the pot, and then remove the stickers. If there are any chips in your paint from removing the tape, fill them in using paint and a thin paintbrush. Add designs using stencils. Purchase some adhesive stencils and stick them onto your pot. If you cannot find any adhesive stencils, then you can simply tape them onto the pot using painter's tape, making sure the stencils are completely flat against the pot. Any raised edges might ruin the paint design. Paint over the stencil using acrylic paint or spray paint, then remove the stencil. You can use any color you want, but contrasting colors or metallic colors work best. Here are some ideas: If you painted your pot black, consider using white or gold paint for the designs. If your pot is white, then make some designs using black or gold paint. If your pot is neon green, create some bold designs using pink or orange. You can also use ordinary objects as stencils, such as doilies. Lay the pot on its side, and drape a doily over it. Apply the paint and lift the doily off. Do not drag the doily, or it will smear the paint. Paint delicate designs free-handedly. If you don't like using stencils, you can paint the designs on using oil-based paint pens or a thin paintbrush. Use sandpaper to give a finished pot some rustic charm. Take a piece of fine, 220-grit sandpaper and lightly buff the surface of your pot. You can sand in the same direction, or achieve different effects by sanding left-to-right first, then top-to-bottom. You can even try buffing in circular motions. Keep sanding until the original texture of the terracotta pot starts to show through. Add a label using chalkboard paint. This will allow you to change the names on the pots when the plant inside of them changes. If you make a large label, then you can even write down specific care and watering instructions. You can add a chalkboard label to a solid-colored pot, or to a raw, terracotta pot, sealed with matte acrylic sealer. Here is how you can add a label to your pot: Seal your pot first. To learn how to seal your pot, refer to the section in this article on finishing and sealing the pot. Block off any areas that you do not want painted with painter's tape. You can also use an adhesive stencil, shaped like a square, rectangle, circle, or oval. Apply a thin layer of chalkboard paint using a flat paintbrush or a foam brush. You can also use chalkboard spray paint. Allow the coat to dry 8 hours before applying a second coat. Allow the paint to cure for two to three days. Season the surface by rubbing white chalk over it, then wiping it off with a piece of damp cloth. Your chalkboard label is now ready to use. Prepare your work area. Because you will be working with spray-on sealers, you will need to move to a well-ventilated area. Outdoors is the best. If you cannot work in a well-ventilated area, then make sure to have a window open and take breaks often so that you don't feel lightheaded. Consider switching a fan on and turning it away from you. It will steer the paint fumes away from you. Make sure that your work area is free of any dust or debris, especially if you are planning on working with a glossy sealer. Turn the pot upside down and set it on a tall cup or can. Make sure that the cup or can you are using is thin enough to fit inside the pot, but tall enough so that the pot can rest on top of it without touching your table. You are creating something that looks like a lamp or a giant mushroom. This will allow you to coat the entire surface of the pot, including the bottom. Choose a glossy sealer for a polished look. Several coats of a glossy sealer will give you a glazed-finish. If you painted your pot using metallic, glittery, or pearlescent paint, then you will need a glossy sealer as well. If you blocked off the designs using painter's tape, then leave the tape on until the sealer dries. Once it dries, remove the tape. Choose a matte finish for a natural look. A matte sealer will give you a dull finish, similar to the original texture of the pot. This will work well for designs that you hand-painted onto a bare pot. Choose a satin finish for a neutral, subtle look. A satin finish will have some gloss to it, but it will not be as reflective or shiny as a typical gloss finish. Do not seal chalkboard paint. Instead, let the paint dry for 3 days, then prime it by covering the entire surface with a piece of chalk. Wipe the chalk off with a damp cloth. You can draw designs on the pot, or you can write the name of the herb or plant you are putting inside the pot. Seal the pot with a coat of spar varnish and let it dry. Hold the can 6 to 8 inches (15.24 to 20.32 centimeters) away from the surface and apply a light, even coat. The varnish protects the paint from scratches, adds durability and makes the pot easier to keep clean. If necessary, apply a second coat once the first one dries. Be sure to get the bottom of the pot as well. Let the varnish dry completely before proceeding. Take the pot off the cup or can and sand any drips. If you see any drips along the rim, take a fine, 220-grit sand paper and lightly buff the surface until the drips are gone. Be careful not to scratch the paint off. Spray the rim of the pot. Once you are done sanding, wipe the dust off with a damp cloth, and apply a light coat of sealer. Be sure to get the top of the rim, and the inside of the rim. Wait until the sealer has dried before applying a second coat. Set the pot aside to dry for at least 2 to 3 days before planting. If you plant too soon, the paint may not be fully-dried yet. The moisture form the soil may cause the paint to bubble, crack, and peel away.	Choose an adequate work environment. Clean the pot in warm water and let it dry. Smooth the surface down with sandpaper. Wipe the pot with a damp cotton cloth and let it dry. Seal the inside of the terracotta pot and let it dry. Consider sealing the outside of the pot with an oil based spray-on primer. Consider sealing the outside of the pot with matte sealer. Allow the primer to dry thoroughly before proceeding. Decide how much of the pot you want painted. Block off any areas you don't want painted. Choose your paint. Prepare your paint. Apply the first coat of paint and let it dry. Apply more coats, if necessary. Paint the inside of the pot for a more finished look. Consider adding some designs. Block off areas with painter's tape and add more colors. Add designs using stencils. Paint delicate designs free-handedly. Use sandpaper to give a finished pot some rustic charm. Add a label using chalkboard paint. Prepare your work area. Turn the pot upside down and set it on a tall cup or can. Choose a glossy sealer for a polished look. Choose a matte finish for a natural look. Choose a satin finish for a neutral, subtle look. Do not seal chalkboard paint. Seal the pot with a coat of spar varnish and let it dry. Take the pot off the cup or can and sand any drips. Spray the rim of the pot. Set the pot aside to dry for at least 2 to 3 days before planting.
https://www.wikihow.com/Teach-Good-Behavior-Without-Harsh-Discipline	How to Teach Good Behavior Without Harsh Discipline	You can teach good behavior without harsh discipline by praising your child whenever they do something well, since positive reinforcement is often more effective than negative reinforcement. For example, if your child put on their pajamas without throwing a fuss, try saying, “I noticed you didn't complain tonight, I appreciate you making bed time easier!” When your child misbehaves, explain to them why what they did was bad so they understand. Then, talk to them about how they can fix the problem. For example, if your child said something mean to a friend, have them apologize, which will demonstrate that their actions have consequences.	Tell the children you want to change your behavior (if applicable). If you feel that you used ineffective strategies before, it may be worth talking about it to the kids. This helps them recognize to expect you to behave differently. Apologizing for past misbehavior also sets a good example. Here are some things you could say if you feel you need to improve your discipline techniques: "I want to stop yelling at you. I think it's a bad habit of mine, and it's not very nice to you. I'm working on expressing my feelings more calmly. I don't ever want to be scary to you, and if I ever am scary, you can tell me and leave the room." "I know I used to spank you before. But I've done some research, and I realize now that hitting does not solve my problems. I do not want to hit you ever again." "In the past, when I've been upset with your behavior, I put you in time out. But I feel like that's not helping at all. I want to figure out a better way to teach you to behave well. Maybe we could talk about things more. What do you think? What would help you learn?" Meet the child's needs when they say something. Unmet needs can lead to misbehavior. Meet the need, and misbehavior may not happen. When a child expresses a need, acknowledge it, either meeting it now (e.g. giving them food) or telling them your plan to meet that need soon (e.g. saying "you can get a snack as soon as we arrive home"). Pay attention when a child says (or hints at) things like: "I'm hungry" "I'm tired" "I'm frustrated" "I'm thirsty" "I'm scared" "I'm bored/lonely" "I want to ____" Keep your expectations reasonable. Some kids, especially younger ones, have limited self-control and attention spans. Kids are going to be annoying sometimes, and they won't always be little angels. They might not be able to do everything you ask of them, no matter how hard they try. If a child doesn't act the way you hoped, ask yourself: Have I been pushing them too hard? Could they need a break? Is it possible that they'll be able to do this after they eat/drink/rest, or would they still probably fail? If a kid consistently fails to do something that you ask of them, then it may mean that they can't do it (even if it looks like they aren't trying). Toddlers, younger children, and kids with disabilities may often struggle to express themselves clearly. Be patient and do your best to listen and help them talk about it. Be clear about your expectations. Kids can't follow the rules if they don't know what they are. Let them know what you expect from them, and give reminders as needed. Kids can forget things easily. If you see a child breaking a rule, give them a reminder. They may correct themselves. You can write a list of the most important rules, and place it somewhere where kids can read it. Be willing to discuss and negotiate calmly. Kids are more eager to behave when they feel like they have a say in what the rules are. Take a more flexible approach. Try asking "Do you think that's fair?" to them. If they think it's unfair, let them tell you what they think the rule should be. Then, talk it out. It's okay to make small concessions, like "you can play one more round before we go" or "okay, you can stay up half an hour later." This can empower the kids to have a role in decisions, and feel heard. Offer praise when the child does something well. Good praise is specific and positive. State what you noticed, and react positively. This helps children feel proud of their good behavior and makes them more likely to do it again. "Thank you for cleaning your room. It looks so nice!" "I noticed that you put away the dishes without being asked. That was so thoughtful of you." "Thank you for playing so quietly while Mommy was working at her desk. Because you were being so quiet, she was able to focus and get more work done, and that made her happy." "You were so helpful to your brother getting ready for school. You are so grown-up and it's really cool to see that." Praise the child when they stop doing something negative. Let them know that you see them behaving better and that you appreciate it. This helps consolidate the gain and encourages the kid to continue behaving better. "I noticed you taking deep breaths instead of screaming at your brother when he was bothering you. That was very mature of you." "You're being so gentle with your baby sister. That's really nice to see." "You didn't complain tonight when I asked you to put on pajamas. That was really nice for me. I appreciate you making bedtime easier." Make sure to spend quality time with the child. Kids need attention, and sometimes they act out if they aren't getting enough of it. Make sure that the child has ways to spend positive time with you. Here are some things you can do: Ask about their day and what's on their mind and listen Read to them Let them show you projects they're working on Draw pictures together Play board games or video games together Go for walks or hikes Play backyard sports Keep practicing your good habits, even if they don't work at first. If you've been in a negative dynamic with a child before, and then you start a new approach, it may take some time for the child to adjust. They may continue, or even escalate, their bad behavior in the hopes of getting your attention. It's important to stay strong and avoid resorting to bad habits like shouting or making threats. Stay away from bad discipline habits. Avoid being too aggressive, oppositional, or scary towards your children. Escalating conflicts usually makes things worse, not better. Work on reducing and eliminating bad discipline habits. Spanking and other forms of corporal punishment do much more harm than good. Children who are spanked tend to become more aggressive, resentful, and difficult to manage. They're also at higher risk of mental illness, cognitive impairments, and other problems later on. Yelling can cause kids to shut down, and may teach them to yell back at you. Too much yelling at home can make kids afraid of you, and harm their self esteem. Try to only yell as a last resort to get attention. If you lose your temper and start screaming, apologize afterwards. Name-calling, including telling a child that they are being "bad," can harm a child's self image and make them believe that misbehavior is in their nature. Instead of calling a child naughty or stupid, talk about their behavior. Try ignoring the small stuff. If a child is whining, causing minor trouble, or being annoying, it's best not to reward them with attention. Instead, wait calmly for them to be done, and reward them with positive attention when they stop being irritating (from a smile to a "thank you for stopping"). Sometimes, it's best to just laugh it off if a child is being silly. Try redirecting a kid who is getting antsy or engaging in minor misbehavior. If you can tell that a kid is likely going to misbehave soon, or is doing something that isn't great, try redirecting them. Sometimes, they just need to refocus or be given a reminder. Try saying things like: "This grocery store is pretty loud, huh? Why don't you and your big sister go outside to the field by the parking lot and hang out there until I'm done?" "Please quiet down. Screaming hurts my ears. If you want to talk about what's wrong in your normal voice, I can listen." "This is frustrating. Let's take a break and come back to it later." "We need to leave soon. Let me know when you're ready to get into the car." "Mumbling under your breath won't help me fix your problem. If you want to talk to me about something, you can tell me about it directly." Seek to understand first, not punish first. If a child is acting out, it's often a sign that something is wrong. If you can figure out what's wrong, you may be able to collaborate with the child on a better way to solve the problem. Whining may mean that a child feels powerless, upset, or lonely. Being bossy might mean that a child feels anxious, or that they worry their needs won't be met. Try to find out what's so important to them. Rebelling may mean that the child needs an opportunity to show you how capable they are. Try giving them more responsibilities so they can prove themselves. Focus on comforting an upset child. If a child is extremely emotional, they probably can't think straight, and discipline may only upset them further. Instead, work on calming them down and showing loving support. Validate their feelings , and offer physical comfort (like a hug or a hand to hold) if they would like. Here are some examples of things you can say to calm an upset child: "I'm here for you. You can cry as much as you need to." "I can see that you're upset." "I'd like to help you, once you're ready to talk to me about it." "It's okay to cry." "I can tell you're really scared about this problem. I want to be here to help you through it." "You're allowed to be angry about this. You're in a really tough situation." "I can see that hitting the floor right now feels good. Go ahead and let out all your feelings. I'm right here and I can hold you if you would like." Ask the child about their side of the story. Let the child tell you about what was going on, and why they did what they did. Listen non-judgmentally, without making threats or assigning punishments yet. The child may say that they already know that it is wrong. If so, you don't need to tell them. Figure out how to meet an unmet need. If the child acted out because they needed something (like food, quiet time, or attention), see if you can meet that need now. This can calm them down and help them start behaving better. Give any needed information. If the child didn't understand why what they did is wrong, they may need to know the reason. Explain why their behavior is bad, and let them know what they can do instead. "We color on paper, not walls. Walls are supposed to stay white and clean. Paper is meant for writing and coloring, so it's the perfect place for your art." "Calling names makes people feel bad. You may see other people calling names sometimes, but they shouldn't do that, and it's a bad idea to copy them. You can tell people you're upset with them, but it's not right to call names." "Looking both ways before you cross the street is really important. If you don't see a car or a bike, and it hits you, you could get really hurt. That's why I got so scared. I need you to look both ways so that you can stay safe." Talk to the child about how to handle the problem next time. You can try asking the child what would be a better idea, and see what they come up with. You can also offer suggestions of your own. Work together to agree on a better solution. "When you need to take a break, please tell me, instead of throwing a tantrum. I promise I will do my best to listen." "We pet dogs gently. Watch how I'm petting Peanut now. See how gentle this is?" "Yes, I agree. Next time you don't know how to fix a problem, you can come to me and we can talk about it." "Hitting your brother is not okay, even if you're really mad at him. The next time he gets into your personal space, you can tell him to stop. If that doesn't work, get an adult, like me, for help." Implement natural consequences, if needed. Have the child fix the problem that they created. This can be a positive experience, and you can help them fix things if it's difficult for them. Making amends is an important skill to learn. If the child upset someone, they can apologize and make amends if needed by doing something nice for them. Ask them what they think would be some ways they could make amends. If they broke something, have them fix it or (help) pay for a replacement. If the child made a mess, they can clean it up (with help if needed). Express your feelings about their behavior if they aren't sorry. Many kids do feel regret over behaving badly, especially if you talk to them. But if a child has no remorse, then you may need to be a little more stern with them. Here are some examples: "I'm not happy with you hitting other people." "We do not yell at other people, no matter how upset we feel. How you treated her was not okay." "Lying is not right. How do you think he felt when you said he made the mess?" "I'm very disappointed with your behavior right now." Consider a discipline as a last resort. If a child knows why their actions were wrong, and knows how to behave better, but still insists on misbehaving, then discipline may be your best answer. Taking away a toy or electronics for a reasonable time period Grounding, or stricter curfew for a time Loss of privileges Stay calm, especially when the child gets emotional. Do your best to be a peaceful influence. When a child sees you are calm, this can help reassure them and encourage them to be calmer too. Waiting in serene silence can be very powerful, especially if a child is acting out. Calmly watch them, and wait for them to calm themselves. If you can't keep your cool, you may need to step out of the room. You can say "I'm having a hard time controlling my temper right now, so I'm going to stand in the corner for a minute and take some deep breaths." Act the way you want your children to act. Kids don't just learn good behavior through talking: they learn it by watching you. If you break a rule, be honest about it, and implement the appropriate consequences for yourself. Talk about your own difficult feelings, and how you intend to handle them. Kids may not understand how to deal with emotions, so hearing you talk it out can help. Let them hear how you feel and what you want to do about it. "I'm really frustrated right now. I can't believe I just dropped grapes all over the floor. I think I need to take some deep breaths, and then clean up." "I'm feeling sad today. My mom is sick, but I can't go see her because she lives far away. Maybe I would feel better if I called her, and then played with the cat." "I'm feeling pretty tired. I think I need some quiet time to relax. I think I'll talk to Daddy about our schedule, to see if I can make time for a nice warm bath. That often helps me feel better." Give yourself time to figure out how to handle things. It can be easy to get frazzled or upset in the stress of the moment. It's okay to pause and breathe. Here are some things you could say to the child: "I need a moment to calm myself down." "I'm going to pause and think about how to handle this." "I don't know what to say. Please give me a minute while I think about this." Apologize if you make a mistake. Adopting a new discipline style can be difficult, and it's possible that you'll sometimes lose your temper or handle things badly. Don't be too hard on yourself. Instead, apologize to the child, and make amends if needed (just like you would like the child to do when they mess up).	Tell the children you want to change your behavior (if applicable). Meet the child's needs when they say something. Keep your expectations reasonable. Be clear about your expectations. Be willing to discuss and negotiate calmly. Offer praise when the child does something well. Praise the child when they stop doing something negative. Make sure to spend quality time with the child. Keep practicing your good habits, even if they don't work at first. Stay away from bad discipline habits. Try ignoring the small stuff. Try redirecting a kid who is getting antsy or engaging in minor misbehavior. Seek to understand first, not punish first. Focus on comforting an upset child. Ask the child about their side of the story. Figure out how to meet an unmet need. Give any needed information. Talk to the child about how to handle the problem next time. Implement natural consequences, if needed. Express your feelings about their behavior if they aren't sorry. Consider a discipline as a last resort. Stay calm, especially when the child gets emotional. Act the way you want your children to act. Talk about your own difficult feelings, and how you intend to handle them. Give yourself time to figure out how to handle things. Apologize if you make a mistake.
https://www.wikihow.com/Clean-a-French-Drain	How to Clean a French Drain	To clean a French drain, start by renting an electric sewer snake with a 2-pronged cutter from a hardware store and feeding the cable down the drain. When the cable meets resistance, retract it just enough to free the clutter, then slowly ease it forward again to allow the cutter to work through the obstruction. If you encounter large clogs, pull out the cable, turn off the machine, and remove the debris from the cutter. Then, repeat the process until the drain is clear, and finish by hosing the drain to flush out any extra debris.	Rent an electric sewer snake. To clean your French drain, rent an electric sewer snake (or auger), a motor-powered spool of cable with a two-pronged cutter at its tip. Call two or three rental locations (e.g. hardware stores, equipment rental stores) to compare prices, which should be around $65 or more for a half day rental. Choose between a 50-foot and 100-foot model (depending on the length of your french drains), and opt for a machine with ⁄ 4 inch (1.9 cm) cable. Prepare for heavy lifting. If you don't drive a truck, van, or SUV, borrow one or ask a friend for a lift with the auger, which is too heavy to be put into a car trunk. Ask a rental store employee to help you lift the machine into the vehicle, and enlist the help of a family member, friend, or neighbor to move it once you get home. If you are moving the snake on your own, use a ramp to ease it out of the vehicle. Most augers have two wheels on their frame, allowing you to move them easily once they are on the ground. Feed the cable into the drain. Uncover the entrance of the French drain. If your french drain is connected to a gutter downspout, detach the downspout to continue. Turn on the auger and slowly feed the cable in. To protect your hands, wear thick gloves while handling the cable. Stop when you feel resistance. When the cable meets resistance (indicating that it has reached a clog, or has come to a turn in the pipe) stop feeding it into the drain and retract it just enough to free the cutter. Slowly ease it forward once again. Either the cable will find its way around a bend, or a blockage will cause it to turn, allowing the cutter end to work through the obstruction. You may need to wiggle the cable and gently move it back and forth to get it around a bend. Remove the cable entirely if you encounter large clogs. If the cable encounters a large clog that it cannot clear, remove it entirely by pulling it gently and using the reverse switch on the snake motor (if necessary). Wipe down the cable with a wet rag as it recoils to remove build up. Once the cable is out entirely, turn off the machine and remove debris (e.g. pieces of tree root, leaves) from the cutter. Repeat the process until the drain is clear. Repeat the process of feeding the cable into the drain until all obstructions are cleared. If large blockages are worked through, you may hear built-up water rush out of the pipe, as well as other debris. Going through the process at least two or three times is normal to be able to adequately unclog and clear a french drain. Hose out the drain. After snaking with the auger, feed a garden hose into the drain and turn it on. Allow the water to flush out extra debris. For added cleaning, insert the hose into the drain at the same time as the auger to clean off the cable while doing 1 last snaking. Run the water for 5 minutes, or until it is clear. If you have a pressure washer, use it to flush out the drain. Call a professional. If you can't clear out a clog in the drain after several attempts, contact a professional drain cleaning service to avoid harming your pipes with the auger. Look up several options for service (online, or in local listings) to compare prices and availability. Note that prices may vary, but standard drain cleanings generally cost upwards of $250 per visit. Clean your French drain regularly. Regular cleaning of your French drain is necessary to prevent a buildup of dirt and debris that could cause a clog. Every week or so, use a garden rake to clear the surface of the drain to remove any debris that could obstruct water flow. In the event of a storm, nearby construction, or another occurrence that may result in excess debris, clear the area as soon as possible to prevent backup. If your drain has louvers, be sure to remove the cover and clean the inside of the drain and each louver slot. Inspect your French drain yearly. While French drains can operate for years without issues, they should be inspected once a year to ensure that there are no blockages present. Choose a time of year when your schedule will accommodate this task and when the weather facilitates it (e.g. during the summer, when you are on vacation and there is no snow or excessive rain). Schedule the inspection before beginning any other projects in the surrounding area (e.g. planting a garden or building a deck) in case you have to conduct repairs. If you have a heavy rain, inspect your drain system to make sure it is still draining fast or if it has built-up. Rent pipe inspection equipment. Call several hardware stores or equipment rental locations to compare rental prices for pipe inspection equipment. These small, cable-mounted video cameras coil into the drain and transmit recorded images to a video monitor, revealing obstructions, collapsed pipes, or other issues. Models range in features, quality, and availability, so costs may vary significantly depending on your location and needs. A less expensive model should be adequate for identifying a simple clog or damage. Get a professional inspection. If your own inspection of your French drain is fruitless, or if you want to be certain about the condition of your drain, call a professional drain specialist. Experts can check your drains quickly and effectively, and tell you definitively if there are any problems that could cause leakage, flooding, or damage. Drain specialists can also handle cleaning or repairs if they are revealed to be necessary.	Rent an electric sewer snake. Prepare for heavy lifting. Feed the cable into the drain. Stop when you feel resistance. Remove the cable entirely if you encounter large clogs. Repeat the process until the drain is clear. Hose out the drain. Call a professional. Clean your French drain regularly. Inspect your French drain yearly. Rent pipe inspection equipment. Get a professional inspection.