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Can someone please comment/elaborate on the statement: "The normal distribution is a common model of randomness." I would like to understand it more deeply. Source: Perhaps someone can point me to a theorem or proof supporting this statement. So my question for this thread really comes down to: If a process can be modeled well by a normal distribution, is this a necessary and sufficient condition for the process to be called "random"? | 1 |
I took screenshots of both the question and answers provided, however there are a couple of steps I did not understand and i put red arrows over equal signs i didn't get. (normally there's an asterisk above the equals sign and an explanation, but none for this question). I'm asking if someone can explain both where the formulae come from and also what's going on in the transformations. | 1 |
Please, I am not a mathematician so highly mathematical textbook language will not make sense, that is why I am forced to post this question here. I am reading about Checksum and CRC data integrity techniques and I have come across the terms "primtive polynomial" and "prime polynomial". I will really appreciate if someone could give example of these and explain what makes them primitive and prime. e.g about polynomials used in Cyclic Redundancy Check that are implemented using hardware feedback registers it says "The best ones are not necessarily prime (irreducible) nor primitive" | 1 |
The following is a comment made by a poster in response to this article: Absolutely correct. Intentionally obscuring who you are and what your desires are may lead to heartache and in rare occurrences broken lives. I personally, unlike this articles author never ever want to come close to breaking another individuals life. What does it mean when your life is broken, or to break someone's life? | 1 |
Which of these forms is better: list of tasks or tasks' list? Another question is whether I should use an apostrophe or not (tasks's list vs tasks list). Other phrases which are similar to this, but aren't quite what I'm looking for, are list of projects and task's action (one task this time). Maybe the answer is obvious, but English is not my native language so I need to understand it. | 1 |
What is the difference between a battery and a charged capacitor? I can see lot of similarities between capacitor and battery. In both these charges are separated and When not connected in a circuit both can have same Potential difference V. The only difference is that battery runs for longer time but a capacitor discharges almost instantaneously. Why this difference? What is the exact cause for the difference in the discharge times? | 1 |
"It don't make any difference," he said. "I'm washed up anyway. Some nose puts the bulls on me tomorrow, next week, what the hell? I just didn't like your map, pal. A nose means a person, I guess, but is there a idiom like 'put the bulls on somebody'? Or if has something to do with 'put balls on', it doesn't make much sense in this sentence. I understand this sentence as 'somebody would kill me.... but I don't care." (from 'Red Wind' by Raymond Chandler) | 1 |
I can't find the difference between these two words. I want to describe the property of something that is repeating at a fixed period (don't ask me to use periodicity, that would be for another question). For instance, in the sentence: I can see that there is ... in candy sales. People are buying on average more at the beginning of the month than at the end of the it. Which of the two terms "cyclicity" and "cyclicality" would best fit, and for what reason? | 1 |
I would like to know whether there is a grammatical or semantical difference between "notion of " and "-notion". I do not know what to search for to answer this question so maybe someone can help me here :-) For instance "development of a notion of IT-Infrastructure" vs. "development of an IT-Infrastructure-notion". The first one is very long and doggerel, but the second one is maybe wrong/not good style. In other words: I need a section title where I develop (extract literature, derive facts, ...) a notion or understanding of the term IT Infrastructure. What would be a correct one? | 1 |
I usually tend to see the behavior in which someone takes an action, and people criticize, and even suggest what they should have done, yet when they take that same suggestion people still criticize. For instance: I'm slim; when I eat with my family, everyone exclaims at the amount of food I'm eating. When I eat normally, they ask "Don't you know, you should eat more so you can grow better?" When I don't eat, the same shouting takes place. So in other words, is there a word I could use to describe them or their behavior in this regard? | 1 |
I am using a template from, "The Legrand Orange Book" (name of tex file is main.tex) and the author has a very nice template that looks like: However, after using "Make Index" from WinEdt, my index comes out all plain and no color like that above. He mentioned in his template to run: makeindex main.idx -s StyleInd.ist from the command line. How can I implement this index template in my document. In the folder that he has available, he already has the .idx and ind file. But whenever I run WinEdt's "Make Index", it gets over written to look like: How can I make the index in WinEdt to look like the first image above? | 1 |
I can relate to what it says, I feel, but I don't quite understand it - does that make sense? Probably not. My first language is not English, so the confusion is great! How would you interpret this in plain English: As long as I retain my feeling and my passion for Nature, I can partly soften or subdue my other passions and resist or endure those of others. | 1 |
What is a Christoffel symbol? I often see that Christoffel symbols describe gravitational field and at other times that they describe gravitational accelerations. Then, on some blogs and forums, people say this is wrong because Christoffel symbol is NOT a tensor and thus has no physical meaning. Which of these statements is the right one? What is the significance of a Christoffel symbol in differential geometry and General Relaivity? | 1 |
What is the correct term for a person who twists facts and provides misinterpretations in an effort to appear infallible? The kind of person who is given a simple logic puzzle, fails to solve it correctly and tries to persuade others that he was in fact correct e.g. by denying obvious implications that were necessary to be deduced in order to find the correct solution. | 1 |
As the title says, I'm looking for a word to describe some clip-on module which provides a new ability that improves the base concept/entity. Some context, such a word could describe: A warp drive module on a space ship A standalone plugin which provides a completely new feature set If possible, the word might imply a necessity, that without such an add-on the entity is lacking and incomplete. | 1 |
I am writing some software documentation. There are data structures that are organized in trees and every element in the structure can be child or parent "to"/"of" every other element. I am not a native speaker and my instincts are pretty divided on the matter themselves, so I guess I have to turn to higher powers to answer that question. Hence, I turn to you: Is it "to" or "of" in that case? | 1 |
I only have a very basic understanding of general relativity, so this might sound stupid. But as I see that gravitational objects orbiting each other, even if one of them is massive, as long as their paths don't lead to collision, they curve back, like a sling shot. So since singularity is supposed to have zero radius, it seems nothing should actually collide with it. And even if it's non-zero, only near zero, there could still be a possibility that a particle falling (depending on its initial orbit) could eventually just get a sling shot around it, never colliding with it or falling into it. Does that make sense? Or do all paths really lead directly at the exact the center of the singularity? | 1 |
I have started my Differential equation course recently. And My professor was interchangeably using the term boundary condition and initial condition. I'm wondering what are the differences of their meaning in this context when dealing with the partial differential equations. I thought one would not need a boundary condition if a system extends to infinity, but the case of wave on a string would need, since it's a finite system For the initial condition, it always mean the initial state of the system. Can anyone tell me if my understandings are correct. Thank you! | 1 |
I have done the following experiment: A DC generator is worked by an object falling and connected to the DC generator via string. The DC generator is coupled to a LED in reverse direction. The observation was the following: As long as the object falls, the LED is off. When the objects hits the floor, the LED very shortly lights up. Why is that? It seems to be a Reverse-recovery effect but in the opposite direction. | 1 |
Wikipedia states "a vacuous truth is a statement that asserts that all members of the empty set have a certain property". Clearly the statement: 'all elements of said (empty) set possess said property' is vacuously true. However, one could argue that the negation of the statement: 'no elements in said set posses said property' is also true. Shouldn't that mean that the statement is both true and false. I understand there may be slightly different definitions of what constitutes a vacuous statement, but I suppose this particular issue will show up nevertheless. | 1 |
Say I have a data point with included errors and I want to build some continuous distribution around it. Normally this might be a Gaussian because one knows the sigma and mean right off the bat. However, if you have asymmetric errors it becomes a lot harder. It seems like you should be able to model a Gaussian about a data point with such errors using a skewed normal distribution, let me know if I am wrong. Essentially, I would like to know if there is a way to generate a standard normal distribution if you know the mean, max, and min? The mean being the data point, max being the data point plus the upper bound, and min being the data point minus the lower bound. | 1 |
Mostly I read that the x-rays are produced from the matter surrounding the black hole which spirals into the black hole due to its gravity and is consequently heated up. If the black hole has a main sequence star or a giant star as a binary partner, the BH pulls matter from the partner, which then forms an accretion disk around the black hole. But sometimes I read that Hawking radiation is also producing X-rays or even gammarays. So is this possible or very rare and only occuring within very old BH? Or is Hawking radiation only about virtual particles wich often annihilates each other or one going into the BH and the other becoming real? | 1 |
As we know electrons are charged particles, hence they have a field surrounding them, which has some energy. Now in electron diffraction the electrons have their influence on other electrons and themselves also get affected. So my question is that why this influence of an electromagnetic wave (because of electronic charge) not considered to explain this phenomenon, as that interaction of EM wave may lead to that pattern. | 1 |
Is it possible to solve an equation with different operations in it correctly without using orders of operation? I was having a discussion with my friend who believes you can solve an equation from left to right no matter what the operations are. I told my friend that the answer you get would not be correct, but they still insist they are right. Who is right and why? | 1 |
I need to know the typical energy balance of an IC engine and where this energy goes, but I am unsure what exactly they are asking? Engines are not my main strengths, so I could do with as much as help as possible and as simple as it can be please? I tried researching this but everything I read was very complex and I didnt really grasp it. Could anyone please help me? | 1 |
I've always been confused by the terms washroom, restroom, bathroom, lavatory, toilet and toilet room. My impression is that Canadians would rather say washroom while Americans would probably say bathroom or Saint John's in the same situation. I guess the difference here is not only in different kinds of English, but also in whether one is referring to a room in their house or in some public place. Which do you usually use? Please specify the difference if you use more than two from those six with different meanings, and also where you are from (i.e. what type of English you speak). | 1 |
I understand that, given some function space, distributions lie in the dual space. In that sense, they can be thought of as functions of a "function of a real variable" variable. But the common representation of the delta distribution as an infinitely large "spike" of a certain infinite magnitude suggests that perhaps they can also be thought of as functions of a real variable, where the codomain is some expanded set of which the reals are a subset. Is this possible, or is delta a special case? | 1 |
Let's take a bottle (no cap) with half its volume filled with water. If we rotate the bottle at some slower average velocity, water does not drop out of it. The same principle works on Roller Coasters. Wikipedia says that the phenomenon of Vertical Loop is used here. What is the physics behind this? (I mean, Which opposes or equilibrates gravity during the vertical loop?) | 1 |
Are there any necessary and sufficient conditions on types of generating functions which guarantee the existence/nonexistence of a closed form for the sequence they enumerate? Generating functions based on linear recurrence relations clearly always do (by annihilators), but are there more general statements to be made about other types of OGFs? What about DGFs and others? Does limiting the generating functions we consider to be ones obtained from different varieties of recurrence relations allow more concrete answers to be produced? Also, if there are books, journals, or specific papers on the topic, please link them! This is fascinating stuff. | 1 |
I'm studying modern physics and have some questions about these three different scattering. In the book and wiki all tells me Raman and Rayleigh scattering are inelastic and elastic collision separately, but what about Compton scattering? Does Compton scattering include this two type of scattering since the picture in the book give me two angle of scattering with one differ from the original angle while one remains unchanged? Or it can't be categorized in any of above since it interact with an "electron"? Hope to know the details, by the way I'm studying modern physics by Serway | 1 |
Is there a word that describes someone having a false sense of knowing? In other words, one believes he knows X, but X isn't true. Here is an example sentence: However, consent forms give people only a false sense of knowing. The sentence means that people are not given full knowledge or information but they think they are. This is close to being misinformed but not quite. | 1 |
I'm using tex-live on a Ubuntu machine. I got a customized graphics.cfg file (configuration file for the graphix package) that I'd like to use as default on my system. I've tried to locate the graphics.cfg used on my system: locate graphics.cfg but I got many results: /etc/texmf/tex/latex/config/graphics.cfg /usr/share/doc/texlive-doc/latex/latex-graphics-companion/inputs/graphics.cfg /usr/share/doc/texlive-doc-en/latex/latex-graphics-companion/inputs/graphics.cfg /usr/share/texlive-base/graphics.cfg Which file should I substitute with the desired one? Thanks for the help P.s. I know that I might modify the one in my local tree, but I'm writing a tutorial and would like to write a section explaining how to modify it system-wide and user-wide. | 1 |
I'm a guy and I change my appearance to look like my female counterpart just so that I can physically see someone that could understand and relate with me even from just the mirror. I would wear feminine clothes if I could, but I wouldn't want to wear them always, neither am I gay. I'd probably wear them, look at the mirror then take 'em off afterwards. What am I called? | 1 |
It means "to write literary works, knowing that they will not pass censorship and be published". I am looking for some English equivalents that can be used to describe not only writing but also doing different things like taking photos for example for oneself and refusing to publish them. Thank you very much in advance Let's just find an equivalent for "doing things for yourself and not caring whether it will be published or not". A good example is Kafka most of whose books were published after his death | 1 |
I know there are other questions i.e. Do quantum computers manufactured by D-Wave Systems, Inc. work? , What can the D-Wave quantum computer do? , etc. But I can't seem to find my answer. What is getting in the way of determining if D-Wave is a quantum computer? Why can't we just analyze the way they built, and see if it's quantum? Is there a problem with patents getting in the way? Why can we still not tell? | 1 |
I'm wondering if there are more-commonly-than-not held connotations for terms regarding occupation that would differentiate between one's own personal experience in a field versus the description of the field as a whole. E.g. I am an engineer at company A, this is my job, but engineer is my profession. The example is arbitrary. To me I associate job, occupation, and career with a more personalized representation of employment while profession or vocation are less so. NB: I am trying to model certain relationships in code and want to choose the best names for some objects in the hierarchy so that it is at least somewhat evident by their names what the relationships are. I understand that there may not be any one "right" answer to this question. | 1 |
Consider a model of the empty unsorted signature. Equivalently, a model of the signature having a single sort, and no function or relation symbols. Intuitively, such a model should be called a "set." However, the emphasis is all wrong. For example, in ZFC everything is a set, but I don't feel comfortable saying that everything in ZFC is a model of the empty signature. Firstly, because its just false. Secondly, because we should only talk about models up to isomorphism, however your average ZFC set is interesting beyond its cardinality; that is, beyond its structure up to isomorphism. We care about more than just the cardinality of your average ZFC set. Is there a good word to mean "a model of the empty signature"? | 1 |
The depletion region reduces as the forward bias is increased. Does at any point it reach zero or negligible length? Knee voltage of a diode is defined as the minimum amount of forward bias required for the diode to show significant conduction. It denotes the potential barrier created across the depletion region via accumulation of charges, i.e. negative charges on P side, and positive on N side | 1 |
Needles to say I am a visitor here. I do not belong to the science world;) But I have read both of these things before: Apple falls to the ground because curved spacetime pushes it there (same force as keeps moon in orbit) Apple 'falls' to ground because the ground is rushing up to meet the apple (which is actually suspended in space) because of Earth's acceleration through space. I don't think these can both be true. I'd appreciate any clarification - thank you. | 1 |
Can you use packages on math.stackexchange? The help associated with the editor does not mention packages, so I am guessing it's not possible. But if it is, how? I am particularly interested in the centernot package at the moment. If there is documentation or a prior question for this, please direct me to it -- I have searched for this answer with no luck. There are responses on package use on tex.stackexchange, but they do not work as-is on stackexchange. Finally, is this a good place to ask questions about TeX usage in stackexchange? When I tried such a question on meta.math.stackexchange, I got scolded and sent here. Well, it was a generic TeX question, and this one is specific to stackexchange. Thanks. | 1 |
land |land| noun the part of the earth's surface that is not covered by water, as opposed to the sea or the air. Many writers in countless books and various writings use the terms "dry land" to describe earth's surface that is not covered by water. "They walked on dry land." Why, when simply, "land" will suffice according to its definition? Do we call the earth under our oceans, or any body of water, land? If so then I would agree that using "dry land" is not redundant, but by definition it is. | 1 |
Here are three ways to say the same thing. I wonder if there are particular rules regarding to the position of adverb phrases: Then play those passages over and over again in your memory Or, Then play those passages in your memory over and over again Or, Then play over and over again those passages in your memory I think the last is the worst choice but the first twos seem ok. The first is better because "over and over again" is closer to "play" so it is emphasized. Agreed? | 1 |
How can we get the mass of an uncharged proton, i.e. how varies the mass of the charged proton if i remove the electric charge? For the isotopic spin theory neutron and proton have the same mass and it is possible to distinguish that particles only for the different values of the third component of the isotopic spin. This is an approximated symmetry because the masses are different and the charges too. In a ideal world we can remove the electric charge from the proton and we get a "uncharged" proton. The question is how the mass changes. You can interpret that question as what it is the contribution to the mass due the charge, not only for proton but for all particles. | 1 |
In the good ol' days I drew figures with xfig and generated LaTeX source to directly include in my papers. But I now find powerpoint to be a faster drawing tool and sufficient for most of my needs. What's the best way to embed the resulting image in LaTex? I current output to pdf, then include using the graphicx package. But the resulting scaling and positioning trial-and-error session is often extremely frustrating, and the documentation on the package is quite sparse and unhelpful. Is there a better way? | 1 |
I need to store data. I'd like to store them in Metric units and use a tool to convert them to and from other units that these data points will be displayed in. As the title states, my constraints are Distance, Pressure, and Temperature. Distance I know, but it is added here as an example: I store the data in meters and convert to feet where needed. What are the metrics unit for storing Pressure and Temperature? Further, I am assuming here that metric units would be the most universal. If there is a more universal unit for Distance, Pressure or Temperature, please let me know. | 1 |
In Texmaker, in the caption environment, why does spell check not work if the figure has a label? This is an example I made to show this 'feature': From the first line, we see that the spell-checker is working as normal. This also follows in the figure environment, but not in the caption environment. I tried playing around with it to see what exactly caused it... turns out it's the presence of a label. We see from the second caption that the spell-check is performed correctly. | 1 |
Can someone help? "Dave killed Peter." Dave asked Susan, "why was Peter here?" Susan said, "Maybe he would have told you if you hadn't have killed him." Would there have been any difference if she had said "Maybe he would have told you if you hadn't killed him"? According to my understanding, Susan wants to emphasise the fact that Peter would have told Dave why he was here if Dave hadn't killed him first. Right? Meaning, Susan thinks Dave would still kill him anyway, before or after Peter told Dave why he was here. | 1 |
If I have a rod of some material and submerge one end in hot water then leave the other side exposed to room temperature air. How would I go about calculating the temperature of the end of the rod that is exposed to the open air? It's alright if it requires two or three equations and some problem solving to figure out I'd just like some mathematical way to solve this if there is one | 1 |
I'm working on a digraph problem in which bidirectional edges need to be treated separately. As such, we could consider them as undirected edges. Clearly, if I replace bidirectional edges with undirected edges I get a ``mixed graph'' (one with directed and undirected edges). But can a mixed graph have bidirectional edges in addition to undirected edges? Can a mixed graph have a directed edge and an undirected edge between two vertices? The Wikipedia definition is not crystal clear on this. A paper, Enumeration of Mixed Graphs indicates bidirectional and parallel mixed edges are disallowed. The definition in this article claims that the ``complete mixed graph'' has a undirected and bidirectional edge between both vertices. What are ``mixed graphs'' typically defined as? | 1 |
I wonder if there is some advantage in using individuals when defining set theory and if this has something to do with the use of classes. This is essentially because I have seen that some books start by defining the empty set whereas others consider it to be a primitive symbol. In the first case there are only sets in the domain of discourse, but in the second there are also what they call individuals. What is the purpose of using individuals compared to the other alternative? Also, the way I understand individuals is that they are entities at the begining of the hierarchy, at the same level of the empty set, but maybe I'm misundersanting this. Could you guys please help me claryfy this... | 1 |
On a recent trip the US, someone explained to me that saying "sorry" meant taking responsibility for causing the loss. Thus you should only say sorry if you intended to fix the situation. (And potentially even had implications for insurance and litigation). I'm an Australian - generally when people say "I'm sorry" it means "I can display empathy for your loss and can put myself in your shoes". [implicitly also that no responsibility is taken - nor any effort being made to restore the situation] My question is: Do English speaking subcultures attach different meanings to the phrase "I'm sorry"? (This is different to the other questions relating to the meaning of 'sorry' because it considers the legal and restorative implications as well as the geographic context). | 1 |
the classic rhombic dodecahedron (RD) can be used to fill space as shown here I know I cannot recreate a bigger RD by stacking RD together because you never have two touching faces on the sames plane. I am wondering if joining the center of stacked RD you would end up with a bigger RD ? I've tried making origami model and it looks like it is not the case. | 1 |
Besides sports in which an attacker is an offensive player, is there any difference between assailant and attacker? a person who attacks somebody I guess attacker can also be used for animals but not assailant. Is there anything else or are they fully interchangeable when describing a person who physically attacks somebody else? Can both words also be used when talking about psychological attacks, like insulting, bullying, etc? | 1 |
I've found it in a book and assume it's got to be correct, but I cannot understand why the Past Perfect of I had been offered. Would was offered not have been clearer? I explained that when I was in high school I had been offered a job teaching tennis at a local country club because I had been one of the best junior tennis players in the area | 1 |
One of the most useful black hole analogies I've seen imagines that space is "flowing" like a river into a black hole, and the point at which it flows in faster than c is the horizon. This analogy leads to the idea that a tachyon could escape from the "c"-based horizon and perhaps penetrate a bit further. Given that the tachyon has finite speed there would presumably be a horizon closer to the singularity that applies to the tachyon. However, could a tachyon device send us information about what's going on beyond the c-horizon? Let's assume tachyons exist and we have a device that can generate an interpretable message transmitted w tachyons (the Apple iTach, if you will). | 1 |
What would be another way of saying "It'll do more harm than good" but in the context of "it'll do nothing for you?" Here's some context. The common mistake, however, is believing that only lifting weights multiple times a day will get us to where we want to be. This is wrong, and unfortunately, it may even do nothing for you. I'd like to rephrase this to match and compare like "Nothing more than something" but that sounds really stupid. | 1 |
In Malayalam/Indian, there's a saying "Thala Irikkumbol, Valu-attaruthu!", which literally translates to: When the head is present, tail should not wag. It means that one should not act out of turn in the presence of one's superiors. Consider: Mafia bosses A and B discussing stuff; a low-ranking member M chimes in interrupting them; A puts a bullet between M's eyes saying something-cool-here. I'm not limiting answers to mafia style, though that would be cool. What are other English idioms equivalent to this? | 1 |
When referring to the time of a particular event, should I refer to the local time or the time zone most relevant to the audience or always include reference to the time zone? It can be further complicated when having to specify Standard or Daylight Saving times. It seems that you would have to reference all times as Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) to avoid having to list multiple times. | 1 |
I am developing a Trading Card Game and I am in need to extract functionality from two of my classes as they are both doing almost the same. it is about the Deck and Graveyard constructs which are visible on the field. The Deck is where the cards are which you can still draw, the Graveyard is where your used cards are. What word could I use to describe both a Deck and a Graveyard, Stack is already taken unfortunately (by the Java language) and I'd personally describe it as a Pile, but not sure if that is the best wording. | 1 |
Possible Duplicate: Why does the sound pitch increase on every consecutive tick at the bottom of a filled cup of coffee? A colleague suggested this experiment this morning : Get a cup of coffee Spin the coffee in the cup using a spoon Tap the bottom of the cup with the spoon Observations : As the coffee slows down, the sound produced by the tapping gets higher in frequency. I'm very curious about this, does anyone have an explanation ? | 1 |
I'm translating a course manual but I'm struggling with something. The manual could be read by a man or a woman. In my own language, he or she or it doesn't exist, so I'm not sure how to make my texts easier to read. The student can meet his/her Inner Guide who opens his/her heart chakra. The teacher guides his/her student so he/she can advance more in his/her life. I'm going to open his/her chakra and so he/she can express his/her emotions easier. | 1 |
I have learn some basic knowledge of Heat in my class, and I got confused when dealing with the change of state. Basically, what the textbook say is that the molecular kinetic energy keeps constant during the change of state and the molecular potential energy increases. However, my problem is, how do the particles manage to change their molecular potential energy without moving faster? How does the energy supplied to that object actually helps it increasing or decreasing it's molecular potential energy? What I want is some sort of "model - like" stuff so I can understand what is going on in micro-view. | 1 |
I know that in evaporation process highly energetic molecule get latent heat and it changes the phase and rest of water is cooled,but I think water at high temperature is at up and low temperature at the bottom because of high density of water,but how is energy transfered from water at low temperature to high temperature to gain latent heat,how is it possible ?I am so confused? | 1 |
It sounds like your proposal would make a great feature request for the existing module. I'm unclear why you consider it was not a good idea. Does replacing I'm unclear with it is unclear to me make the sentence more clear? Are there any contexts where I'm unclear would have a different meaning? Is it used in some regions/dialects to mean something different from it is unclear to me? | 1 |
I just watched the dubbed version of Code Geass anime series, and there's a sentence puzzling me. The actions one takes are answered by consequences waiting at the conclusion. I was wondering whether the usage of the sentence is formal or not. Can action use answer as a verb? I found nothing on the internet about "the actions are answered by..." What does "consequences waiting at the conclusion" mean? Can wait use at as a prep? I'm a non-native speaker of English. | 1 |
I want to know if dimensional regularization has any issues if the theory has IR divergences or is scale invariant. Does dimensional regularization see "all" kinds of divergences? I mean - what does it exactly mean when one says that power law divergences and IR divergences disappear in the dimensional regularization. So is more regularization needed in general over and above dimensional regularization? Does anything about the divergences get specially constrained if the theory is scale invariant? I have often heard it being said that dimensional regularization "preserves" scale invariance. | 1 |
It is well known that the family of conics is derived by slicing an infinite double-napped right circular cone, with the specific type of conic depending on the angle of slice. Separately it is also know that these conics may be defined by its focus (or focis, as the case may be) and directrix, from which standard equations are derived. What is not obvious is how these two concept definining the family of conics are to each other. Question: Show that the cone-slicing defintion of conic sections is equivalent to the focus-directrix definition. Indicate where the focus and directrix are located in relation to the double-napped cone. Diagrams would be helpful. | 1 |
I am working on a sonnet. This pretty much mandates the use of iambic pentameter and therefore requires that I have a good grip on emphasis. However, I'm not exactly sure how to properly research words for emphasis. I was attempting to comprehend Merriam-Webster's Pronunciation Guide, but that just further confused me. Merriam-Webster has a system for indicating the stressing of syllables; almost every page has a set of symbols delimited by backslashes, describing the word's emphasis. I was wondering if anyone experienced in the emphasis and or word pronunciation could help me understand this notation with an example or two. | 1 |
I remember when staying a few months in the US years ago that I saw some people using the abbreviations below. However, I can't exactly remember in which contexts I encountered them, (whether I saw my teachers using them when writing something on the board, in papers or in personal notes etc.) So my question is: Are those abbreviations below commonly used and in which contexts is it okay to use them (e.g. formal texts, personal notes,... or better only used in personal note taking?) w/o without w/ with b/c because PS: Are there similar abbreviations that are commonly used? | 1 |
This construction and its variants always sound strange to me. If I was asked to write a sentence with the same meaning, my choice would be: I don't want a robot running the empire. Logically, don't want (...) no robot conveys rather the contrary for me: want a robot. Can someone please clarify the choice? I had just read it in Asimov's Forward the Foundation. Thank you. | 1 |
When one pours water out of a bottle, it first flows smoothly but then a pressure 'blockage' develops and the pouring becomes interrupted and turbulent, so that the water comes out in splashes. This seems to slow down the flow of water from the bottle. What is the optimal way to pour the water so that it completely empties fastest? Possible strategies: Holding the bottle at a certain angle Wildly shaking the bottle Squeezing the bottle Other... It probably depends on the shape of the opening and/or the bottle itself, but we shall assume this beautiful example of a standard water bottle: CLARIFICATION The question is asking how to pour the water the fastest, so no straws, hole insertion and evaporating lasers allowed... | 1 |
I don't know exactly how to ask this in a comprehensible way. I am trying to find a solution to my problem which is to find how many sphere of radius r are lying on the boundary (which means that in some way this little sphere intersect the boundary of the big sphere) of a sphere of radius R (with r smaller than R). For example, one simple law could be dividing the surface area of the sphere with radius R with the area of a circle of radius r. | 1 |
I have an example image here from Modern Physics textbook. I also like the chapter styles (I am thinking I could do them with the memoir document class, but that is for later). Right now, I am trying to figure out how to make the section numbers and titles show up in the margin of the chapter title pages. Also, does anyone think this could work in the book documentclass instead of memoir? | 1 |
So I am trying to find the relationship between fractals and newton's method, and I am trying to use software to generate the fractals pattern. which software can I use to do that and how? Also i am trying to compare two different types of Newton;s method - the normal one and a new type of newton's method called relax newton's method. The new type maintains a quadratics convergence in most situations, but how can I generate fractals for this new Newton;s method? | 1 |
I am victim of the known biblatex-biber bug described here which leads to mass spurious missing citations, resolved only by deletion of the biber cache (dozens of files). Previously it was occasional but now it is driving me up the wall - I have to delete the cache on every single compile across multiple projects. Anyone know the status of this bug and the purpose of the cache before I resort to abandoning biber completely. | 1 |
How could I estimate the force I apply when I squeeze a new toothpaste tube? I want to either be able to calculate it without having to perform an experiment, or refer to some scientific journal with a similar calculation or rough estimate. I was thinking that I could use Hooke's law and calculate the force exerted when a similar force to that of gently squeezing the tube is exerted on a spring with a spring constant similar to the resistivity of the toothpaste tube...I could make numbers up (as the value of the force I am looking for can very much be an estimate), but I have no clue what an estimate k value and x value would be to calculate the force using Hooke's law. | 1 |
I noted the question above had been posted. And I wanted to comment, but nay, it was locked out. However, what of the old 'CRT' tubes, in which magnetic fields are used to steer the electron stream ? Now I know the 'Electron's' do not get attracted, or repulsed directly to the source of the magnetism, but the magnetic field certainly has an effect. So if one were to extend the CRT tube to ... well, rather long, would the electron eventually move to, or away from the 'North' or 'South' pole ? | 1 |
(a) The rise of price of goods burdens the people. (b) The rising of price of goods burdens the people. (c) The ban of plastic bags is a good way to reduce environmental problems. (d) The banning of plastic bags is a good way to reduce environmental problems. Which form should I use for the words 'rise' and 'ban' before the preposition? Gerund or noun? | 1 |
I have seen it on the Internet as follows (abbreviated as IMAO): Only the Muggles will find it offensive IMAO. I know it's contrasted with the common phrase "in my humble opinion," but I still don't know what impression it tries to convey, nor what is the appropriate situation for it to be used. Is it a somewhat unfriendly phrase? How do I use it right? | 1 |
Can anyone suggest a book on rings explaining concepts using visual diagrams, similar to the one visual group theory book by Nathan Carter for groups.The problem with me is that after reading that book I am visualizing everything in terms of Cayley's diagram,cycle graphs etc. and now I'm feeling if I'll use a standard book i'll be missing some great things. I'll be grateful for any help. | 1 |
It is my understanding that clouds are largely made up of water, which is known to split white light into its frequency components, and that's why we see rainbows sometimes. My question is, with sunlight being practically constant throughout the day, why aren't there rainbows all over, all the time? I mean, we can see monochromatic changes in the color of the "sky" throughout the day, but rainbows seem to only happen sometimes, why? In short: Rainbows that we can see come from water droplets, not collections of droplets. | 1 |
A phobia is an irrational fear of something. An intolerance to something is usually an -ism, not a -phobia, as in sexism racism ageism Yet people who object to homosexual practices or discriminate against homosexuals are labelled "homophobic" and their intolerance is labelled "homophobia". But homophobia should logically be an irrational fear of things that are the same (and indeed is listed with both meanings in this list of phobias) and an intolerance to a particular sexuality should surely be sexualism, sexualityism, or a similar word. So... how did the "sexualism" meaning of "homophobia" come about? Is there another word for intolerance of / discrimination against people of a particular sexuality that doesn't imply irrationality or fear? | 1 |
Where can I find the problem talked about in the following paragraph regrading Maxwell's laws of electromagnetism - Every time Maxwell rearranged his equations to make the speed of light the subject and plugged in the numbers he got a very strange result. The speed of light always came out the same, regardless of the speed of the light source. This result seemed absurd! It's common sense that anything cast from a moving body will have a speed that's calculated from both the moving body and the object. as seen on here in the paragraph titled as 'An impossible Result ? | 1 |
Say I run an experiment measuring some parameter A on a sample group of a population where A is a non-negative real number. Is there some way of knowing if my percentile results are reasonable? Ideally, I'd have confidence intervals around my percentiles to know their ranges in the population as a whole instead of just in the sample group. TL;DR want confidence intervals for percentiles | 1 |
I am attempting to show communication between states in a Markov process, basically something like this, although the arrow angles aren't of any importance, simply having that relation between the nodes : I have looked into TikZ (which I've never used) and have tried finding some info on the simplest way to create nodes like this, but most sources I've found seem overcomplicated for how simple a task I'm trying to accomplish. Any ideas? | 1 |
Real photons do have frequencies, which is directly related to its energy. So, can virtual photons that take part in EM interactions have frequencies too? When my hand is pressed up against a glass window, do the virtual photons taking part in the EM interaction keeping my hand from falling through the window have a frequency compared to the photons that passing through the window (visible spectrum) or those reflecting off it (frequencies the glass is opaque to)? Also, since virtual photons may be massive and definitely have four-momentum, they definitely do have some energy - so is there any notion of frequency? | 1 |
Turns out there's tritium illumination - a tiny very strong plastic tube will be covered in phosphor and filled with tritium. Tritium will undergo beta decay and a flow of electrons will cause the phosphor to glow. This gives enough light for illuminating hours marks on a wristwatch dial and the hands of the wristwatch for many years and is claimed to not pose health hazard. Now how it is possible to have energetic enough radioactive decay and no health hazard at the same time? | 1 |
I want to buy some text books at graduate level. I have got enough money in my contingency grant, as there is a chance, i thought i should buy some good books not thinking about the cost. The areas that i am interested in are Commutative algebra, Algebraic geometry, Algebraic number theory, Homological algebra, Representation theory, Algebraic topology Any thing a bit advanced is also welcome. I do not want to buy so many books on same subject for the reason that there may be some repetitions in the content and all. Please suggest some thing regarding this. | 1 |
I'm not really a programmer but I'm quite interested in learning how to use LaTeX/TeX. I've looked it up on Wikipedia and scanned through it and the documents created through this way of editing is just beautiful. Formulas are also available within it too, so writing math thesis or physics papers would be amazing. Is this system just for programmers, or can normal people use it too? (I'm mainly a designer, so I usually edit it in Word or InDesign.) | 1 |
According to inflation theory, the inflation itself took place at some short yet finite time after Big Bang, so there should be some gravitational interactions present before inflation, some objects started accelerating towards other objects etc. However after inflation many of those objects were scattered outside of their neighbours' light cones and as gravity propagates with the speed of light the interaction between such objects should be interrupted. Yet what about the initial acceleration that these objects gained before the inflation occurred? Shouldn't these objects still be moving in their original pre-inflationary direction? And how would such forces shape the present Universe? | 1 |
I have some datasets and I need to find spikes in them. Imagine the data looks like trading data. If the spike is big enough, I need to log it, otherwise, proceed in the analysis. I tried with a moving average approach, but cannot detect all of them. Is there a better way? Also, I would like to know if there is a robust approach to calculating the baseline, so I can filter it out. | 1 |
For someone maybe stupid question but im quite curious and didnt find an answer for this. If elecricity is just a flow of electrons and we can power things by movement of electrons, Why we cannot get electricity/energy from electrons that are orbiting every atoms nucleus. Is it related to uncertainity of the position of the electron or that the electrons of atom are not orbiting in the same direction? Or it is related to the charge of the whole atom and we actually cant separate the energy of electron and nucleus. Is it possible for the electrons of an atom to stop orbiting its nucleus. Thank you for your thoughts :) | 1 |
A friend has said that there is a word meaning the outcome is something very different from that originally envisaged. For example: The Australian government introduced a "First time home owner" bonus. Where if you were buying your first house you would get a lump sum cash. Of course everyone selling a house in that price backet put the price up by the same amount as the lump sum and first time buyers didn't benefit at all. Does anyone know if there is a word meaning this and what it is? | 1 |
I came across a question in a book. It says: If any of the following sentences show that something happened in the past, make the italicized verb simple past by adding -d or -ed. If you cannot tell whether the past or present is intended, do not change the verb. I realize that you are right. My Mother appear at the door. What should be the answers? I am a bit confused with those two sentences. | 1 |
Theoretically we can convert a body into black hole by compressing its mass below some radius (known as Schwarzschild Radius). Suppose such object after becoming black hole has a radius which is comparable to atom and nucleus radius. Now my question is: what happens if we run this object into double slit experiment setup (single black hole at a time)? Shall we get interference pattern on the detector wall because its radius is in quantum domain (say we somehow know when on detector screen this black hole will hit) or simple-particle pattern (i.e. classical way) because of the mass associated with that black hole? If you have a really tiny black hole, will it behave as a classical particle, or will it exhibit quantum behavior? | 1 |
I am learning english, an I am wondering if I would be "correct" in using only the past tense and never using the present perfect tense. I might be over-simplifying the english grammar ... So, are there some situations where it would be incorrect using the past tense instead of present pefect ? (the following link gives some axample where past tense shall be used instead of present perfect, but no example where present perfect shall be used instead of past tense: Present perfect for past action with present effect) Many thanks for your replies, Thierry | 1 |
I have seen usage of both super and superb. I also searched for meaning of these two words and found they are almost identical. Example sentences - She is a super girl. His performance in the last game was superb. Use of any of those two words doesn't change the meaning of those above sentences either. Need suggestion of proper usage of these two words. When to use and why? | 1 |
In Dutch we use the translated equivalent of not hindered with any knowledge to indicate somebody without any knowledge on the subject. It is not necessarily negative. It can mean that somebody is complete open and new to the subject, which may lead to new ideas, insights etc. But in a different context it may also carry a sarcastic tone indicating somebody with the biggest mouth and slightest knowledge. Is this equivalent comparable and usable or are there better constructs? | 1 |
I have to prove the following: The line segment xz is an edge of the convex hull CH(A) iff all other points of A lie in one of the closed half-planes induced by the supporting line l(x, z) of xz, i.e., on (x, z) or to one side of the previous. So far the only idea is to start somehow with the basics that a convex combination is a linear combination of points but no idea of the next step | 1 |
I am trying to compose a sentence, and I am currently stuck for the right word. I am trying to say: In a job interview, the audience would be the employer and the --------- That is the word I am looking for. I cannot put "employee" as he has not been employed yet. Is there a single word for someone looking for a job? "Job-seeker?" | 1 |
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