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It is to my understanding that it is grammatically correct to say: If I be [something], then [something]. because 'were' is the subjunctive of 'to be'. However, is it correct to use the subjunctive of other words in a similar way? For example: If he jump, the trampoline will shake. or I request that he file these papers. If it is correct, is it incorrect to use the simple present tense in those contexts? | 1 |
http://freespace.virgin.net/hugo.elias/models/m_perlin.htm This method involves getting a random dataset, sampling it at various resolutions, and adding together the result. I've heard it claimed that this is actually "Fractal Noise" or something diffe http://www.itn.liu.se/~stegu/simplexnoise/simplexnoise.pdf This PDF claims that there is mass-misinformation about what Perlin Noise is, and explains a completely different method (I'm not talking about the discussion of Simplex noise at the bottom, but about his summary of Classic Perlin noise). Who is correct? | 1 |
I use pst-eucl package and I am not so happy with the names defined for its keys (because the names are difficult to remember). I want to rename some of the keys for my own purpose by creating a new package wrapping the package. For example, I want to rename: PtNameMath to PointLabelMath. PointNameSep to PointLabelSep. PosAngle to PointLabelAngle. PointName to PointLabel. Could you show me the new package wrapping pst-eucl with renamed keys above. | 1 |
What is the proper adjective that best describe the way a person keeps looking at any other person or object so that as if his eye is about to get out. As an example, when a man keeps looking at a beautiful lady for a long time without even twitching. Sometimes it might be considered an envious look or sometimes it might be due to profound admiration | 1 |
Like other words that start with "arch-", archenemy is partly derived from arkhi or arkhos from the Greek (Wikipedia), meaning chief. But why is it said differently, using a "ch" sound, from archipelago and archaeology, which use a "k" sound? The "ch" in archenemy is pronounced similar to that in archbishop and archdiocese, even though they're followed by consonants in the latter, but a vowel the former. What made it break from the rules? | 1 |
How do we check the geometry of the phase space ? I mean in classical mechanics we use position and conjugate momenta as a space of all possible states of the particle. How do we know that this phase space is flat? In other words, is phase space of classical pendulum flat or curved like a cylinder? Any reference concerning theory of dynamical systems for physicists and chaos would be useful. | 1 |
I read online a statement to the effect that (I'm paraphrasing): Goedel's incompleteness theorem shows that we cannot even have a complete and consistent theory for the natural numbers. I am under the (qualitative) impression that this statement is true within the axioms of natural numbers themselves, so that if one expanded the of axioms one could prove all of the true statements that can be expressed solely in terms of natural numbers. Note that this larger system itself is not complete and consistent. Does Godel's incompleteness theorem have the feature that it shows that these larger systems are somehow representable with the axioms of the natural numbers? | 1 |
Mom was saying that dad wanted me to mow the lawn and asked what time I would be coming home. In the sentence above, who is asking what time I would be coming home, mom or dad? If it's mom, why isn't it dad? And if it is the dad, why isn't it mom? Basically which subject is the and for? Mom or Dad? What are the rules? | 1 |
Why do we have a situation where the past of "to blow" is "blew", but of "to glow" is "glowed"? And don't say "flew" if you mean "it flowed". The poem Lovers, by Phoebe Cary has many examples of these. How did these differences originate? Did "blow" and "glow" come from etymologically distinct backgrounds that have just come to be spelled and pronounced the same way? Is there a general rule for words like these? | 1 |
I found myself writing this: .. and this is before we consider mathematics proper. It seemed like a natural kind of thing to write, but I couldn't find an example of it. I get the impression it's OK to use it in this way; to mean the major mathematical schools in this case (rather than people who just do mathematics). Is there any objection to this? | 1 |
I am designing a wedding card, I need to know how to start it, these are some samples: Mrs. & Mr. Xyz invite you.... Mr. & Mrs. Xyz invite you.... Mrs. Abc & Mr. Xyz invite you.... Mr. Xyz & Mrs. Abc invite you.... Which is the best one to suit a wedding invitation? or suggest me some other lines which looks correct and polite in reading too. Note: Couple inviting here are mom and dad of the bride. | 1 |
I want to draw two cylinders connected with a common belt around them. Therefore, I need two cycles and two tangents to these two cylinders. I know there is a general solution for my problem How can I draw a tangent ending smoothly in a circle?, but there are two specifics I cannot resolve: I want the belt to have another thickness (i.e. both tangents and outer lines of two cycles) I want to draw a vector of specific length along the belt between two cycles Is there any way to achieve these two goals? | 1 |
The motivation for my question is understanding how electricity gets through your skin as opposed to running along it, and how the presence of things like water on the skin affect the relative deadliness of electricity, or ability of it to permeate the skin. I don't understand how to view the body as a resistor, as the skin, and all the components of the body have different resistances and thicknesses. How do I know what parts of the body carry significant current? And how much current in total? | 1 |
My question: In this version of the experiment, doesn't the single photon source's direction define which slit the particle passes through. Also, with reference to the apparatus described here, where there is an additional single slit, does it mean to say that diffraction happens even for single photon's at the (first) single slit. I understood what the experiment says after the particles pass through the slit, but I'm not able to understand how the single particle/photon source set up works. Hope someone can help me understand how that works. | 1 |
Is there intuition for "mathematical" entropy. I know that physical entropy tracks the order in a dynamical system, for thermodynamics. As entropy goes up, general randomness and disorder goes up. However, what is entropy in the mathematical sense? There seem to be many kinds of entropy, but what is there a general defining characteristic or use that is common among them all? I'd appreciate some intuition for this interesting subject. (Edit: Alex R. provided a great link for the above) Pertaining to my interests, what is Entropy over a Fractal? Is this Entropy taken by treating the Fractal as a probability distribution? What purpose does taking the Entropy of a Fractal serve? | 1 |
The shape is somewhere between a v and a u. I'm almost certain it's a letter character as they have both lower and uppercase (used for specific and total volume respectively). Since the v and V characters are also used for things like voltage and velocity, it's important for me to be able to distinguish these. The top six symbols below are what I want, the first four being lowercase and the next two being uppercase. | 1 |
So, we were ask to consider the Fresnel Equations for parallel and perpendicular waves (with index of refractions). Then, we are ask to prove some equations in which "... for nonmagnetic non-conductors" The Fresnel equations got reduced and the indexes of refraction disappeared. I do not really know where to start, but in our reference book we have: normal incidence and oblique incidence topics. Any help? | 1 |
Some nouns used in medicine ironically contain the letter that is difficult for the sufferer to say, or difficult to deal with: Lisp ('s') Rhotacism ('r') Blaesitas ('b') Dyslexia (difficult to spell) Hippopotomonstrosesquipedaliophobia (fear of long words is a long word) Aibohphobia (fear of palindromes) Lamdacism ('l') Stammer/stutter (hard consonants easier to stumble over) The closest I found was 'jocular terms', but this seems a bit too cruel. How did they come by these names? Is there a collective term that isn't so cruel? I've looked at this ESE question and this reddit post hoping for an answer to this, but it didn't cover the collective term and more pointed out the cruel irony of it. | 1 |
So, if your promotor is kind, you would thank him as: "I thank Prof Smith for his kindness." Now, what if your promotor is demanding, as in tough and exigent when it comes to work? How do you express this quality? It seems to me the following is not correct English: I thank Prof Smith for his "demandingness". Which is the right word to replace "demandingness" above? If it could help the forum choose, I need here to convey also the impression of "at times excessive but on the whole beneficial". | 1 |
Excuse my terrible English knowledge, but I have been wondering this for some time already: What is correct for the next phrase?: And he was there. alone. sad. and crying... or And he was there. Alone. Sad. And crying... or And he was there, alone, sad and crying... On the first and second cases, I use periods for separating the state of the subject. For some reason, I like it to give better suspense. Given the way I am using the periods, should I use Capital letters after them, or not? These periods are pretty much like commas... ... But maybe I am terribly wrong and should never use periods for such purpose? Should I always follow the third case? Just using commas? | 1 |
I am having trouble using the term "secular" to convey a sense of bringing a religiously neutral ground to government, society, and culture. What term is better than "secular", that is less localized than the US-connotative sense, but conveys the same general meaning to multiple countries? Secularism is often denoted the same, but from country to country it is practiced on a sliding scale in terms of how truly neutral laws are. Some of us on the Atheism.se are trying to broaden the scope of the site and are interested in methods for doing this. The usage of "secular" (that I am looking for) should convey taking secularism and using it as a tool for atheist questions to hone in on issues regarding equal rights, activism, promotion. | 1 |
As a very bad speller I love to find justification for my lack of ability. I'm wondering about the reasoning/history that 'Flower' and 'Florist' have such different spelling. I'm guessing it has something to do with 'flow' where a flower is a thing which flows and it would be too much to have a person working with such things be a flowerer. Any better explanations? | 1 |
Why are both the terms 'structure' and 'model' used in mathematical logic / model theory? Are they just holdovers from different subjects or is there a principled reason for having both? For clarification, I'm not confused about any actual definitions or usages, just why both terms came to be used; I could, after all, survive perfectly well using exclusively one or the other with little chance of confusion. | 1 |
I woke up recently to find the following structures on my lawn; they resemble bubbles, but are formed from ice (we had a moderate frost overnight). There were eight of these 'bubbles' on my lawn and one smashed one on the adjacent path. They were only present in my garden, and nowhere else. What processes could have allowed these 'bubbles' to form in this shape? 'Bubbles' on grass: Damaged 'bubble' This was found on the paving slab and was not touched: | 1 |
To my knowledge, the contents of a float environment are put into a box when the float is defined. Is it possible to proccess a user defined command/macro when the float is actually typeset, e.g. to put a watermark on that specific page (which isn't necessarily the page the float is defined on)? Is it necessary to add something to the definition of the float enviroment or can I use some command within its body? | 1 |
When we have a set of data, where X is the cause, and Y is the effect, we can use linear regression to predict values for Y, based on values of X. I have learned that you may only safely apply this for values of X that fall into the domain of X for the input data. Can we also use linear regression to do reliable predictions about values of Y for values X that lie outside of this domain, and if so, what can we say about the reliability of these predictions? I would love some answers and possibly some interesting sources on this subject. | 1 |
The reply to a question about nucleosynthesis, that heavier than iron elements are produced in supernovae explosions, raised for me the following question which I could not answer by googling. Partially because the search for planets and stars brings out astrology answers! Explosions are dispersive, nevertheless we find minerals in clumps, not only uniformly dispersed in the ground. Is there a coherent presentation that explains how minerals end up in veins and bands? | 1 |
How is it possible for a grad student to do research in any modern area of string theory like AdS/CFT or ABJM if they need to start grad school by having to learn QFT from scratch? Is there a time-line over which this is even possible? Or one necessarily needs to come to grad school knowing at least Polchinki level string theory to be able to understand AdS/CFT or ABJM? I mean even if one has worked through enough of Polchinki's book one is likely to stare blank at the ABJM paper. Then is it even possible for someone to get to research level with something like this if they start from basic QFT in grad school? I would like to know what if is a practical implementation. | 1 |
The question Why is a black hole black? states that stuff can't escape the event horizon and must ceaselessly pull inwards towards the singularity. At the singularity the forces become infinite. However, I heard that Hawking radiation (but not information) can escape the event horizon. Can something similar to Hawking radiation escape the inside of the event horizon and the singularity? Would a person inside the event horizon see Hawking radiation emitted from the singularity? It is hard for me to understand this because I think as soon as one photon is emitted one quantum step out away it starts to fall back to the singularity at the center of the black hole again. | 1 |
I know that It is time (understood: for the speaker or for a group of people including the speaker) to do something. and It is time I or we did something. do not mean the same thing: the first is a simple statement of fact, whereas the second means there is some kind of emergency. How about these same structures when the action is to be performed by a second or third person? Does the nuance stated above cease to exist between It is time for you/him/her/them to do something. and It is time you/he/she/they did something. ? | 1 |
I've seen a video by Walter Lewin in which the magnetic pull between two wires is unaffected when an aluminum plate is situated between them. Can you explain what materials let magnetism pass through and how this can happen? does that give clues on the nature of magnetism? I originally thought Lewins says that conductiveness is the key factor, but I discovered that superconductors don't let it pass | 1 |
What is the best word/expression to describe a phenomenon or tool that, despite its disadvantages, is used by people? In fact, there are some alternatives for them, however, there is a weird inclination toward them. As an example, smoking is a good one that most of people know its harms and probably its alternatives, however do not give it up. Update: As another more specific example, take Microsoft Office. There are several (probably more powerful) alternatives for that, however, remarkable numbers of users are still using MS Office. Is it only a habit? | 1 |
I know that as you heat something it expands, but this is proportional to the change in temperature, so if I compare the density of a liquid right before freezing and right after then the thermal expansion would have a small effect. However, when a material changes state the density can change rapidly. I know water gets less dense as it freezes, and I remember this is not typically the case, but do any substances have approximately the same density in both liquid and solid states? | 1 |
I have been thinking about these adverbials for a long time to understand this connection of "early/later" with "on". These adverbials are used for introducing a sentence or they are placed at the end. My first explanation was "on" is a kind of intensifier, almost meaningless. Now I tend to see this "on" as a clear marker to indicate that "early/later(adj/adv)" are used as adverbs. But all the same I don't find a formula from which I can derive these adverbials by using the two words. ... early ... on ... / ... later ... on ... - What words could one use to get a formula that means "early/later on"? | 1 |
A Doppler redshift would also give the illusion that galaxies were rotating more slowly then they are with the degree of illusory slowing in proportion to the degree of redshift. Do more distant galaxies appear to be rotating more slowly than closer in galaxies on average, and would this not constitute additional evidence for expansion, or if not would it not constitute evidence against expansion? | 1 |
In the usual circle topology (open arcs), it seems that the intersection of a finite number of connected sets is either empty, a connected set, or the disjoint union of two connected sets. Can we construct topological spaces in which the intersection can be the disjoint union of more than two connected sets? If so, how are these topological spaces called due to this property? | 1 |
In any double slit experiment, which particles are passed through slits, and what do the detectors look like - both the one at the end of the apparatus and the one at the site of the slit? Oftentimes, photons or electrons are used as examples. However, as far as I know, in real experiments much larger particles like silver atoms are actually used. My expectation is that any apparent weirdness will naturally follow from the setup of the experiment. | 1 |
Physicists studying the foundations of physics and some mathematicians sometimes look at theories which are similar to general-relativity, but do not coincide with it. Often these theories contradict with what we know about our world. What should one do in order to check one of such theories? Which papers/books should one read in order to be able to understand mathematical theories similar to general relativity, and understand when such theory is compatible with what we know about our world? | 1 |
When a Hadron and its antimatter equivalent annihilate, what happens to the QCD "soup" (for lack of an appropriate term) from each? Eg, the valence quarks in a proton - antiproton event, to they pair off and annihilate "in the moment"? What about the quark soup at progressively higher energies? How do we account for this? (for that matter, if it's relevant, why only two gamma rays, and not more?) | 1 |
I have a question regarding matrices and eigen values. If SVD decomposition was performed on matrix, and the inner matrix of singular values has only one non zero value. Should the left and right singlular matrices be only a matrix of one vector? The reason I ask is that I have performed SVD on matrix in matlab using function svd, and it turns out that there is one eigen value but the right and left matrices are not one vector Thanks | 1 |
I would like to find a sinusoidal wave whose period or frequency change to half (or double) with every step, someting like this But I cant find the precise coefficients for the period to decrease (or increase) twice. Can someone help me? I want to use it to map the different pitch (or notes) of voice, to certain values. In our speech, and singing, the range of the first octave is half of the next octave, so I need a function whose period is twice as big each time to cover all the octaves. it need not be a sinusoidal it can be any periodical function. | 1 |
I was trying to understand why curl measures a vector field's tendency of rotation. Two examples from physics seem to answer my question: Curl of the velocity field is twice the angular velocity Curl of the force field is the torque. But I can only prove the first one when the velocity field describes a uniform circular motion. How can I show that the two examples are true in general to show that curl is really the measure of rotation. | 1 |
Consider a body which can freely rotate with respect to the inertial frame, and a rotating disk whose axis is fixed in body frame. When applying the lagrangian method (does that make a difference?), is the kinetic energy of the disk with respect to the body frame (for constant disk rotation rate, the kinetic energy is constant) or with respect to inertial frame (for constant disk rotation rate, the kinetic energy depends on the rate of the parent body)? Parent discussion: Defy gravity torques with gyroscopes? | 1 |
Lets take a very big rotating star ,after the finish of the nuclear fuel the star is going to contract under its own gravity.Now to conserve its angular momentum the star is going to rotate faster. But how will you explain it in terms of force without involving the concept of torque and angular momentum (Intuitively)?what forces helped to rotate the star faster? If you do not like to think about a star,think about twirling ice skater who pulls her arms? Edit:Let me add here,this is actually a question from the famous book ,The flying circus of physics,and the author is saying the ans is coriolis force. But I did not get it | 1 |
A lot of my calc II students are asking me what are the real world applications of what we are studying in Calc II (right now we are studying methods of integrations, so of course one of the applications is in finding areas and volumes, are there any other cool applications? I mean something that can be explained in a simple way to a calc II student). Later we will study series and sequences. I'm just looking for ways to pick up the interest of my students, do you have any ideas? | 1 |
Background to the sentence: a system activates itself after temperature has been deviated for [X] seconds. Now I want to describe what X does and I just cannot figure it out. My best attempts are: The value X specifies the time period for which the temperature has to be deviated. The value X specifies the time period during which the temperature has to be deviated. | 1 |
In winter, our glass window serves as a separator of coldness outside and warmth inside our room. We know that the window feels cold when we touch it. Since the air temperature is different in different sides of the window, why does the window choose to be cold ? What's the temperature of the window ? Is it closer to the temperature outside or inside ? Why ? | 1 |
Let us say that we have shape AXQY: And line AX is congruent to AQ. Line QY is congruent to XY. I do not believe that we have enough information to say whether this is a parallelogram or not, because we do not know if side AX is congruent to QY and AQ is congruent to XY. So, if this is a square, it is a parallelogram. Correct? | 1 |
What would be the most important implications of finding an even number that cannot be expressed as the sum of two primes? Would the existence on one such number in anyway predict the likeliness of any more such numbers? Moreover, will there be any other theorems that can be proved/disproved because of this? P.s. The answer to the latter is most likely yes, I just asked that additionally for future reference (for myself and others) | 1 |
I am a Tango for D adopter and appreciate it very much but I am very concerned with a threatening trend. I noticed that many prominent early members leave it. I perceive that as a strong vulnerability signal to the community because it's not outweighed by new entries. I am looking for an appropriate idiomatic way to convey the fact that they abandon/leave/quit with emphasis on the threat that it involves (Something akin to the French: "Ils quittent/abandonnent le navire"). | 1 |
What phrase, expression, or even well-known literary character signifies a 'bad/poor/incompetent/incapable teacher', that is, someone who is not good at teaching. I would like to describe a teacher in the same way that quack describes a doctor. Unfortunately 'incompetent' and 'incapable' are not very funny or witty, or insightful, or enlightening (nor are those words nouns), and I'd like my word to be rather less prosaic if possible. For example: Mark Carlson is a ______ , he cannot teach a thing. | 1 |
If I were to personify death is their a better statement then "delay death". I have considered saying "negotiate with death" but that does not sound formal enough for the tone of my essay. I am trying to express that science continues to negotiate with death in order to delay it. Preferably with a negative connotation. I have considered "parley" however I dont know if that is the proper use for it nor if I should use it as "parley death" or "parley with death" | 1 |
I have a problem to understand isolated systems..If I have a ball and throw it upwards..then the momentum is not constant because the system is not isolated...and the reason is the external force from the earth (weight)...But if I see earth-ball as a system then I have an isolated system and as the ball moves upward the earth moves downwards..(Thing that we can't understand) because of inertia......THE PROBLEM IS THIS....Ican explain the movement of a boat from the air because of the external force from the air.....but what if I think boat-air as one system that is isolated....then the force from the air is internal...what is happening here with the conservation of momentum??? | 1 |
This question came up today in the office. We sell single direction bus trips through our site (wanderu.com) but have not agreed on which English word(s) should be used in text. Is it one-way or one way? Does one or the other communicate that "way" is a noun (e.g. direction) as opposed to a verb (e.g. method to an end)? We consulted the Wikipedia disambiguation page, One-way, which links to pages like One-way traffic. This English for these pages would suggest "one-way" is the appropriate word. The images on the traffic page, however, has two words. Thanks in advance! | 1 |
I am a chinese student and one of my friend, a chinese, wrote sentences like this: Just a little above me, he was fighting with all his might. On the summit of the mountain, he cried with joy. He was pretty certain that these sentences were correct but I am not so sure. I've heard sentences like His eyes bright, he talked vigorously or Her coat barely on her shoulder, she dashed out of her house, but I have never seen sentences like the ones my friend wrote, the ones with no subject in the front. Can anyone tell me the name of the sentences my friend wrote? And if possible, can you also tell me if the name of the sentences I wrote is verbless clause? Thanks. | 1 |
You can obviously hear wind. From everyday experience, the stronger the wind, the louder its sound. But this sound is always similar, and quite distinctive, noise-like. Can one compute the spectrum of the noise generated by the wind? There is an inkling of an answer provided here: "Any way, once the wind starts doing non-linear things, it can generate periodic stresses, and from that you get the whistling or humming noise we all know and love." Could anyone expand on this, or provide references with more quantitative detail? | 1 |
I've always been taught that a vowel before a double consonant following another vowel should have a short sound. Conversely, there are many situations where a vowel preceding a single consonant and vowel gets a long sound. Short Sounds: Mississippi - All I's except the last get short sound Communication - First O gets short sound Oppose - First O gets short sound where second O gets long Long Sound: Ape - A gets long sound Popery - O gets long sound Oppose - First O gets short sound where second O gets long Yet, I hear people use a short O in "operator" when using the word. Is this the correct pronunciation? | 1 |
Even further, I would be happy to see a definition of the tikz language in the usual manner programming languages such as Java and Pascal are defined. The reason I ask is that I keep getting mysterious error messages for the tiniest typos. Essentially, incorrect use of the underlying languages leads to a "crash" of the compiler. This crash sometimes gives useful error messages, but sometimes they are hard to decipher. | 1 |
All the words or phrases I know for people who stay up at night merely describe the habit of not sleeping (e.g.: a night owl or insomniac) I am looking for a word or phrase with an emphasis on working hard at night. These people work are different from insomniacs because they have no problem sleeping but they refuse sleep to work. They are different from night owl because they wake up early in the morning. To give more context, suppose a nurse with kids who has a normal day life like most people and takes care of the kids but also works most nights in a hospital. | 1 |
This might be a very simple question, so sorry. I have encountered the expression "radiative particle decay" quite a few times now, and none of the sources ever explain what they mean by radiative: I imagine it is trivial, but I would like to know exactly what it is implied by that. Does it just mean that it is a decay during which other particles are produced? I.e. other particles are radiated? | 1 |
I was sitting close to a speaker and I could feel the sound coming from it all over my body, especially in my heart, and it pounded with the loud beats of the music. Was my heart pounding because of the excitement at listening to the music or was I really feeling the sound in my heart and all over my body? I have some understanding that it is all about sound waves & acoustics (bass/low & high pitch/low and high notes etc.) but it is not clear to me. I hope I have correctly framed my question. | 1 |
I know that stop can be a synonym for wait,btw. I know telling someone to wait means for someone to pause until a certain time. But telling someone to stop just means the person has to pause without a defined amount of time to resume (I hope this makes me sound smart haha). Here are some examples: "Wait! I want to tell you more." Would it be the same saying- "Stop! I want to tell you more. " I want to note, that I am a native speaker. I'm just a curious person and a thinker. :-) | 1 |
Possible Duplicate: The effect of the anonymous letter I have a bit of a programming question, and I think it's in line with what LaTeX (XeLaTeX in my case) is suited to do. I would like to randomly use a font (from a list of fonts) for each glyph being typeset. I wanted to do this for a project in the style of a "ransom letter" - imagine individual characters being clipped from a different source. I wanted to use a set of fonts that were modelled after typewriters, all opentype fonts. How would I approach this? Ideally I would type the text normally, and have TeX do the heavy-lifting of randomly picking a character-set for each glyph. | 1 |
Is there any word in English, which describes combination of username and password? Let's say, I want to say Enter your "this_word", meaning Enter your username and password. EDIT: I'll exlpain, why I need this (because I see that it's being asked), though I see some answers, which fit my requirements. I'm a software developer (freelancer) and I'm creating a Desktop application, where login/password pair is present. But after releasing the first version of application I got the feedback, that It isn't clear for 'stupid' (no offense, just expression) users what they have to enter. So before it was like: |username (placeholder)| |password (placeholder)| and after the feedback I want to change it to something like Enter your Google 'word' |username (placeholder)| |password (placeholder)| so, that's it. | 1 |
This question arises from the commentspace in this question on stats.SE. My comment was: Last I checked Terry Tao was the pre-eminent mathematician of this generation? To which another commenter replied: Which generation is that? Note that I said "this generation" as opposed to our generation. My question is: does "this generation" associated with a date (timestamp) uniquely identify a generation, particularly in the academic context? How else can I identify a generation -- through reference to a specific person? | 1 |
In Preskill's notes, John Preskill goes as If we scatter a photon off of a periodic array of needles , the photon is likely to be scattered in one of a set of preferred directions , where the Bragg scattering condition is satisfied. and further These preferred directions depend on the spacing between the needles , so by scattering just one photon , we can already collect some useful information about the spacing. How can the analogy with Bragg's diffraction help me understand Simon's problem ? | 1 |
I'm using Lyx and I have problem with equations. I would like to add label to equation, but somehow I can't add label if formula is in table or float. Ok, I can take them outside and then I can label them. But(!), then I can't move the equations to left. Tried everything. The best would be, if I can keep equations in table, so I can adjust them easily. The result should be same as the last three equations with label. /poor English | 1 |
When I put my little, cylindrical coffee straw into my coffee, the liquid immediately rises about half a centimeter up the straw without provocation. This is also the amount of coffee that the surface tension of the coffee will allow to stay in the straw when removed from the liquid in the cup. Keep in mind that all the while, the top end of the straw is open. Why does the level of the liquid in the straw insist on being higher than the level of all the liquid in the cup? | 1 |
I have seen the answers to How can I center text/math inside a list environment. The accepted solution there, however, does not allow me to reference displayed equations. Another solution given there is a "crude" solution, requiring me to insert a command in each displayed equation. Is there a way to modify the accepted solution to the above question so that displayed equations can be labelled and then referenced? (My MWE is similar to that presented in answer to linked Q) | 1 |
For mechanical and structural systems, one can often use the energy as the Lyapunov function. In electrical power systems, some methods have been used to determine Lyapunov functions and one can define feedback loops based on this. For Hamiltonian systems, the Hamiltonian can be taken as the Lyapunov function. However, how does one define the physical meaning of a 'Lyapunov function' in dissipative systems? Say for example, an ecosystem forest growth over centuries with rain and fire as the other variables? | 1 |
As you know, the option ocgcolorlinks of the hyperref package disables colors of all links presented in a PDF file by printing it from Adobe Reader (and by compiling with e.g. pdflatex); as a result, they are printed in a default color. My questions are: Is it possible to disable not the color, but entire text (of the link), i.e. that it would be completely disappeared on the printed paper? Is it possible to do the same with an arbitrary text (i.e. not with the text of the link) or with an arbitrary figure? | 1 |
If I have a curvilinear coordinate system and supposing I impose the condition that back transformations to Cartesian coordinate system are not permitted. I perform a rotation of the three axes( say latitude, longitude and a proprietary vertical coordinate) to a rotated system (with new latitude , longitude and vertical coordinate) can we still use Euler angles to define these three rotations ? These three axes are non orthogonal to each other. | 1 |
The sentiments expressed in the tweets can be as accurate a measure as is found with precedental researches. If I change this sentence into the following ones, which one would be correct? The sentiments expressed in the tweets can be as accurate a measure as the sentiments that is found with precedental researches. The sentiments expressed in the tweets can be as accurate a measure as a measure that is found with precedental researches. | 1 |
In his text "On the Application of the Theorem of the Equivalence of Transformations to Interior Work", Clausius wrote If the cyclical process is not reversible, the equivalence values of the positive and negative transformations are not necessarily equal, but they can only differ in such a way that the positive transformations predominate. Maybe my doubt is related to my inattention on reading the text, but which proposition he made use of in order to assert that the "net transformation" is necessarily positive? | 1 |
I recently read a blog post on literate programming and that tex was written using this paradigm. So I thought it might be a good idea to read the original tex program's source, by Knuth himself (the pascal version) in the literal programming style. However, having downloaded the distribution, I only find the raw file tex.web in the directory, and the tooling available via package managers (ctangle, cweb) only works with C files. So I was wondering whether a PDF file with the literate programming output was available on line, yet an hour of searching online did not yield a result. So: Is there the literate programming output for humans available for the tex processor? | 1 |
I was solving a practice Physics GRE and there was a question about springs connected in series and parallel. I was too lazy to derive the way the spring constants add in each case. But I knew how capacitances and resistances add when they are connected in series/parallel. So I reasoned that spring constants should behave as capcitances because both springs and capacitors store energy. This line reasoning did give me the correct answer for how spring constants add, but I was just curious if this analogy makes sense, and if it does, how far one can take it. That is, knowing just that two things store energy, what all can you say will be similar for the two things. | 1 |
Let A be a an infinite set. Let B be a subset of N, where N is the natural number Say there is a one to one correspondent between A and B. However, B is not the whole natural number. B is only a subset of a natural number. Intuitively, this is very clear. N is even "bigger" than A. However, how to go from that to actually finding out that there is a one to one correspondence between A and N? Basically I am checking several different definition of countably infinite. One requires a one to one bijection between A and N. The other requires only an injection from A to N. The latter seems to be a weaker requirement. | 1 |
I took a course in vector analysis this year. It was a two fold course. The first part covered linear algebra and basic euclidean geometry. The second took to more advanced areas such as differential geometry, and the integration theorems. We used vector analysis by Schaum(author: Murray Speigel). I was wondering if there are more books on the subject? Please make sure you state the things covered in the textbooks you mention. | 1 |
When Studying the phenomenon of precession a classic example installation is this: a wheel spins around the Y axis, gravity applies and the upper part starts spinning around the Z axis. The textbook explained this with angular momentum, looks simple, but it is really weird when I try to think about this in other ways. Usually when i see something start spinning, i think there is an force pushing it, but in this case I can't find such a force. There is a kind of gap in my head, and it really disturbs me. Please help me. | 1 |
Suppose there is a slanted capillary tube and a fluid rises in it. Why does the fluid rise to the same vertical height as when the tube is perfectly vertical? If I'm right surface tension force balances the weight of the lifted fluid. But in the case of a slanted tube, more fluid will be lifted and thus weight also increases. So why will fluid rise to same height? | 1 |
Raring definition: very enthusiastic and eager to do something. I want to use rares, as in: He rares himself up, ready to tell her. I'm wanting to use it as in the cited example, meaning he gears himself up, sort of like an instant pep-talk, like readying himself. But it looks as though rares isn't a word for what I need it for. Can I use it like this or not? | 1 |
I am thinking about possibility to parse LaTeX document. What I really need is to track category codes of symbols. As I understand TeX expands all of macros in his mouth and tracks changes of category codes without executing anything. Is it possible to check if the next token is a macro, collect it unexpanded (together with arguments), execute it and move to next token? | 1 |
Could anyone clarify to me the following: Lightning gives off high current when it hits a car/vehicle, and since the electrical components of the car is grounded on the chassis, are there possibilities that these high currents can destroy or damage the electrical components,battery, antenna etc through the 'grounding'? what are the 'areas' or 'lightning zones' on my car which have the possibility of getting struck by lightning? My friend says the car is being 'positive' with respect to the ground(Earth) hence the lightning which is mostly negative flash tends to strike the car, How can the car be positive when the entire exterior of the car is mounted on the chassis which is negative? | 1 |
If we have n gaussians where they have different scale and location parameters -- are they orthogonal to each other? By orthogonal I mean that the inner product is zero -- like it is for two cosine functions that have a different phase. So, by Gaussian I mean the normal function used for it's properties as a function and not as a source of Random variables. | 1 |
This can also be applied to client-server interactions (which is what I need it for). For example, if you (the client) send data to the server or retrieve data from the server, what is the name of the server in that instance? Or, if the server sends data to the client or the server receives data from the client, what is the name of the client in that instance? Both of these names should be equivalent. Basically, I'm looking for a word (or words) for the other person/entity when the two are connected. | 1 |
I use Kile on Linux and WinEdt on Windows both with same version of MiKTeX. While using KILE, when I compile "PDFLaTeX" , it updates my opend output pdf file and does not close the file. Where as in WinEdt it closes the already opened output pdf file and open it again after compiling. What irriatates me is while it opens the new output and it goes to first page rather than the page (of output pdf file) I edited. :( Any remedy would be appreciated. | 1 |
There is a company out there that 'prints' magnetic pixels, a.k.a. maxels, into a material. In doing so, they're able to choose the distance of effect of magnetic fields they create, independently of the magnitude of the field, leading to some really interesting properties. Can anyone shed some light upon how theyre able to 'print' a 'maxel' into a material? Here is a good video by Smarter Every Day about this company and their process. | 1 |
After reading "Is everyone" singular or plural?", I would refrain from asking this question, but the husband of a colleague of mine (English professor, native speaker of British English) stated against it, so I am looking for further enlightenment. He advocates some should be solely used to refer to plural forms. Thus, some non-existent towns is perfectly correct, but some non-existent town should be replaced by a non-existent town Is that true? | 1 |
Many basic types of physics have ready and obvious everyday applications. For instance, basic electromagnetism vector calculus can give great insights into how something as simple as a bar magnate works. And obviously the more people understand the science the easier it is to apply it. My Question: What are some examples of useful or practical applications of classical electrodynamics and quantum electrodynamics? I'm hoping that by getting some examples it will help me better understand why physicist seek these elaborate tools to describe physical phenomena. | 1 |
I find it difficult to understand the sentence as shown in the title. Is the card data? Is the card processing? Is the card a method (or style) to process data? I'm Chinese. If I express the sentence with Chinese I'll say The punch card was the main method of data processing back then. NOTE: I'm a programmer and I know what a punch card is. So please don't waste you precious time to explain the punch card. | 1 |
I understand how to get the vertical (descent speed) of a parachute and its payload, but how could one find the horizontal speed/velocity of this parachute depending on the speed of the wind? (yeah I understand the higher the wind is, the smaller it's influence is as well) I'm having a hard time trying to figure out what the winds influence on a descending balloon is. I know it would push the parachute, but how much would that matter? I know it would push the payload, which trying to figure out a CD for would be rather hard! | 1 |
I am looking to test some properties of elliptic curves and I would like to have a variety of different families to test. I was wondering if there was, say, a catalogue of the different interesting families of elliptic curves that have been found. Some types of families I am interested in would be: families of high rank, families of a given rank, one-parameter families, or families of even rank. Thank you in advanced. | 1 |
English is my second language. I heard someone saying "Now that the right people are telling the vote..." I wrote down 'telling' but I don't think it was that word. What could that verb be that could sound like 'telling' to mean "...now that the right people are voting..."? I'm pretty sure it wasn't "casting". Situation is like in the 'survival' show. There are two teams and the loser team was to pick someone to leave. That line is said before they are going into the area to pick each one's 'worst performer' choice. | 1 |
As the resistance of a circuit goes down, the power increases because the current increases, assuming constant voltage. Why is this? I feel like resistance and current are inversely proportional, so lowering one should just raise the other, and power should stay relatively constant. What is it about power that makes it work like this? Edit: Again, namely I find it confusing that decreasing resistance actually has a net increase in power used. I feel like while the current will increase, it should be countered by the lowered resistance... | 1 |
This is related to this question:Does the weight of an hourglass change when sands are falling inside? At Brigham Young University, there is a display consisting of a sealed off liter bottle with a sunken sealed off hourglass. When one turns over the bottle, the hourglass floats as the sands flow down. Eventually, the hourglass reaches some transition, and precipitately changes from floating to sinking. It has a sign next to it saying that it's for a fishing lure,and that you should not reveal the answer if you get it. What causes it to change from floating to sinking so quickly? | 1 |
How do I represent the -ed in witnessed (or any other similar word) phonetically? Is there a reference sheet somewhere for these? I notice that other endings do not get shown in most dictionaries either (for example -es in phrases) I use Word web which has a pronunciation guide for the root of the word, but I can't find anything to write the -ed part phonetically. It does not seem to be on this Wikipedia page. I would prefer the same format as Word web. Many people could probably figure this out for themselves (without a direct reference), but I do not trust myself. | 1 |
Considering a Science Fiction question, it occured to me that in "populated" space, with no atmosphere, you might expect to find more EM interference than on Earth. Basically, if you are outside of an atmosphere, are there issues with using radio as a mass communication method, based on the difficulties with spectrum management when the atmosphere isn't degrading signals? And would there actually be more interference from the radio emissions of celestial bodies once you leave Earth's atmosphere? | 1 |
I encountered the following two examples: Moreover, the proposed scheme is designed in an ID-based setting and so the necessity for certificates and some related problems are eliminated. Our scheme also achieves setup-freeness and so a user can enjoy the fairness provided by the fair exchange scheme without interacting with the arbitrator for registration. Is this type of construction (and so) correct? Should there be some commas somewhere? Are they not just two independent clauses joined by and so? | 1 |
What do you call someone who, merely by their presence, gives a morale boost to the people he is responsible for? What about someone who gains power from being supported by their troop? If possible I would like to have word with military connotation, but a more "civilian" approach is also interesting. EDIT: Jez gave a lot of interesting examples, but I am also interested in nouns, and all of Jez's example can't be "translated" into nouns that easily. | 1 |
I have some doubts about the usages of that and who. Sometimes I read sentences such as You are someone I love. You are someone who I love. People were asked to describe the qualities they look for in a friend. People were asked to describe the qualities that they look for in a friend. Why are who or that omitted in some of these sentences but not in others? | 1 |
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