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null | general_qa | What was the Cold War? | The Cold War was a time period where the US and USSR were in high tensions with each other. Both had created nuclear weapons and they had lost their alliance from World War 2. The war technically never ended since the USSR was disbanded in 1991. | null | null | null | 12100 |
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null | classification | Tell me whether these games are exclusives or multi-platform: The Legend of Zelda, Call of Duty, Sly Cooper, God of War, Counter-Strike, Mario, Pokemon, Halo, Dota, League of Legends. | The Legend of Zelda, Sly Cooper, God of War, Mario, Pokemon and Halo have been at least been historically advertised and classified as console exclusives: Zelda, Mario and Pokemon on Nintendo platforms, God of War and Sly Cooper on Sony Playstation platforms, Halo on Microsoft Xbox Platforms.
Lately, some of the games above, God of War and Halo, have been ported PC which makes them multi-platform games. God of War is considered as a timed exclusive to Playstation systems where the game was exclusive to the console for several years before being released to other platforms, in this case PC.
Halo has recently became PC and Xbox multi-platform dur to Microsoft's push to bring more of their console games to their PC gaming platform.
Rest of the games, Call of Duty, Counter-Strike, Dota and League of Legends are considered multi-platform as they have been released to multiple types of systems without ever being advertised as exclusive to one.
Be mindful that releasing a game to Windows PC and Apple MacOS is considered as multi-platform. | null | null | null | 12101 |
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null | brainstorming | What are some things I could do as a tourist near Honolulu? | Here are five things you could do as a tourist on O'ahu:
- Visit the Pearl Harbor National Monument. While you're there, you could also visit the battleship Missouri and the Pearl Harbor aviation museum on Ford island
- Visit the Bishop museum
- Take a surfing lesson at Waikiki, or just take a stroll along the beach
- Take a helicopter tour of O'ahu
- Hike to the top of the Diamond Head crater | null | null | null | 12102 |
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null | open_qa | Who is the greatest quarterback of all time? | Tom Brady is widely considered to be the greatest NFL quarterback of all time. He holds the all-time records for Passing Yards, Passing Touchdowns, Completions.
Brady also has a record 7 Super Bowl championships, 3 more than any other quarterback and a record unlikely to be broken. He won 6 of these with the New England Patriots, with whom he spent the first 20 years of career.
After early-career comparisons to his contemporary rival Peyton Manning, and mid-career comparisons to another all-time great Joe Montana, Brady ended his career as the indisputable Greatest of All Time (GOAT) by playing at an extremely high level for multiple decades. | null | null | null | 12103 |
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null | summarization | Help summarize this text about Dallas Cowboys | The Cowboys joined the NFL as an expansion team in 1960. The team's national following might best be represented by its NFL record of consecutive sell-outs. The Cowboys' streak of 190 consecutive sold-out regular and post-season games (home and away) began in 2002. The franchise has made it to the Super Bowl eight times, tying it with the Pittsburgh Steelers and Denver Broncos for second-most Super Bowl appearances in history behind the New England Patriots' record 11 appearances. The Cowboys have won eight NFC championships, the most in the conference's history. The Cowboys are the only NFL team to record 20 straight winning seasons (from 1966 to 1985) during which they missed the playoffs only twice (1974 and 1984).
In 2015, the Dallas Cowboys became the first sports team to be valued at $4 billion, making it the most valuable sports team in the world, according to Forbes. The Cowboys also generated $620 million in revenue in 2014, a record for a U.S. sports team. In 2018, they also became the first NFL franchise to be valued at $5 billion and making Forbes' list as the most valued NFL team for the 12th straight year. | The Dallas Cowboys are a professional American football team based in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. The Cowboys compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) East division. The team is headquartered in Frisco, Texas, and has been played its home games at AT&T Stadium in Arlington, Texas, since its opening in 2009. The stadium took its current name prior to the 2013 season. In January 2020, Mike McCarthy was hired as head coach of the Cowboys. He is the ninth in the team’s history. McCarthy follows Jason Garrett, who coached the team from 2010–2019. | null | null | null | 12104 |
null | closed_qa | Given the following paragraph about Kenneth McAlpine, where was he born? | Kenneth McAlpine (11 April 1858 – 10 February 1923) was an English local government representative, a wine merchant and a cricketer who played first-class cricket for Kent and for teams led by Lord Hawke in North America. He was born at Leamington Spa, Warwickshire, and died at Loose, Maidstone, Kent. | Leamington Spa, Warwickshire | null | null | null | 12105 |
null | brainstorming | Give me a bulleted list of 5 outdoor activities I could do this weekend. | Here are 5 outdoor activities you could do this weekend:
1. Hike a long and steep trail through the mountains.
2. Surf in the Pacific ocean.
3. Ski at the resorts in Lake Tahoe.
4. Drink craft beers at local breweries.
5. Go for a long walk on the beach. | null | null | null | 12106 |
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null | open_qa | Who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics ? | Syukuro Manabe(Japanese), Klaus Hasselmann(Germany) & Giorgio Parisi(Italian) | null | null | null | 12107 |
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null | information_extraction | Extract the most famous research of Mary Campbell Dawbarn, and put them in a list. | Mary Campbell "Mollie" Dawbarn (5 January 1902 – 24 May 1982) was an Australian biochemist and nutritional physiologist. She is particularly well known for here research on B complex vitamins. Producing an assay for vitamin b12 and perfecting the methods for estimating B1 vitamin in bread are among her most notable works. | - Producing an assay for vitamin b12
- Perfecting the methods for estimating B1 vitamin in bread | null | null | null | 12108 |
null | summarization | What is a Cigar | A cigar is a rolled bundle of dried and fermented tobacco leaves made to be smoked. Cigars are produced in a variety of sizes and shapes. Since the 20th century, almost all cigars are made of three distinct components: the filler, the binder leaf which holds the filler together, and a wrapper leaf, which is often the highest quality leaf used. Often there will be a cigar band printed with the cigar manufacturer's logo. Modern cigars often come with two bands, especially Cuban cigar bands, showing Limited Edition (Edición Limitada) bands displaying the year of production. | A cigar is a rolled bundle of dried and fermented tobacco leaves made to be smoked. Cigars are produced in a variety of sizes and shapes. Since the 20th century, almost all cigars are made of three distinct components: the filler, the binder leaf which holds the filler together, and a wrapper leaf, which is often the highest quality leaf used. | null | null | null | 12109 |
null | general_qa | How do you fry shrimp? | Frying shrimp is very easy, and requires simple equipment and ingredients.
Use shrimp that is U-15 or less. Frying shrimp that are larger than U-15 will result in tough shrimp. First, clean and devein the shrimp, and then set them aside.
Then, heat vegetable, canola or peanut oil to 375 degrees. These oils have a high smoke point (this is the temperature at which the oil will burn and smoke), and are good choices generally for frying. Use a cast iron pan if you have one, or another good quality pan that retains heat evenly and well.
While the oil is heating, prep the flour. The crispness of the shrimp will depend on the type of flour that you use. All purpose flour is readily available, and results in a nice, crispy shrimp. Using rice flour will result in even more crispy shrimp, although rice flour is available at Asian grocery stores and is not readily available at general grocery stores. Using corn starch will result in the crispiest shrimp. For one pound of shrimp, use 2 cups of whatever type of flour (or cornstarch) that you would prefer, and season the flour liberally with salt and pepper, and add some red pepper flakes if you prefer a little bit of spice.
At this point, dry the shrimp and dredge the shrimp in the flour in relatively small batches. Set aside until the oil is ready.
Once the oil is at 375 degrees, put a few shrimp in the oil, being careful not to crowd the pan. Too many shrimp in the oil will result in less crispy shrimp, as well as shrimp that is oily. You should use your judgment on how many shrimp to add, depending on the size of the shrimp and the size of the pan. The shrimp will take only a few minutes in the oil to be done, again depending on the size of the shrimp. The shrimp will be done once it’s no longer translucent. For shrimp that is 21/25 count or larger, using a spider (which is a type of skimmer) will make it easier to get the shrimp out of the pan. Promptly after the shrimp is out of the pan, sprinkle salt on the shrimp and serve. | null | null | null | 12110 |
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null | summarization | Based on the reference text, how did the United States implement separation of powers? | Separation of powers is a political doctrine originating in the writings of Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu in The Spirit of the Laws, in which he argued for a constitutional government with three separate branches, each of which would have defined abilities to check the powers of the others. This philosophy heavily influenced the drafting of the United States Constitution, according to which the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial branches of the United States government are kept distinct in order to prevent abuse of power. The American form of separation of powers is associated with a system of checks and balances.
During the Age of Enlightenment, philosophers such as Montesquieu advocated the principle in their writings, whereas others, such as Thomas Hobbes, strongly opposed it. Montesquieu was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary. His writings considerably influenced the Founding Fathers of the United States, such as Alexander Hamilton, who participated in the Constitutional Convention of 1787 which drafted the Constitution.
Some U.S. states did not observe a strict separation of powers in the 18th century. In New Jersey, the governor also functioned as a member of the state's highest court and as the presiding officer of one house of the New Jersey Legislature. The president of Delaware was a member of the Court of Appeals; the presiding officers of the two houses of the state legislature also served in the executive department as vice presidents. In both Delaware and Pennsylvania, members of the executive council served at the same time as judges. On the other hand, many southern states explicitly required separation of powers. Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina and Georgia all kept the branches of government "separate and distinct." | The United states implemented separation of powers by creating three distinct branches of government in the United States Constitution. The three branches of government are the Legislative, Judicial, and Executive branches. | null | null | null | 12111 |
null | brainstorming | What ingredients do i need to make sour dough bread | Main ingredient is sour dough starter. You also need flour, water and salt. | null | null | null | 12112 |
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null | classification | Which is a species of fish? Sea raven or Raven | Sea raven | null | null | null | 12113 |
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null | open_qa | What is a dig in baseball? | A "dig" or "digging one out" is an expression to describe a defensive player accepting a baseball with a motion that captures the ball very near the ground. This kind of expression is often, though not always, used to describe a first baseman catching a ball thrown by another player that bounces before it reaches them as they hold one foot on first base. This expression can also be used to describe another fielder, typically an infielder, to get a ball into their glove or hand that bounced near them or immediately before reaching them. | null | null | null | 12114 |
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null | open_qa | What are "VTubers"? | VTubers are short for "Virtual Youtubers". The first VTuber was "Kizuna AI", who was using a 3D avatar and acted in various funny short videos and claimed to be a "Super AI". In reality Kizuna AI was acted by Kasuga Nozomi, an voice actor, who also later revealed her identity in the Kizuna API project. The debut of Kizuna AI prompted more people to become VTubers, and there began a whole industry from drawing avatars (mostly anime characters), to making 2D (called Live2D) and 3D models, to companies that recruit and support talents that act as "VTubers". The VTuber industry boomed as the live streaming industry gained momentum, and in many cases, streamers find it more relaxing to use an avatar rather than showing their real faces, bringing in a new generation of streamers into the industry. Right now, some of the most famous female streamers are virtual youtubers, such as Gawr Gura from Hololive Productions. | null | null | null | 12115 |
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null | closed_qa | What the most important fact from the following text: | Luigi Fagioli is the oldest winner of a Formula One Grand Prix; he was 53 years and 22 days old when he won the 1951 French Grand Prix | Luigi Fagioli is oldest driver to win a Formula 1 race | null | null | null | 12116 |
null | open_qa | Do humans have stripes? | Humans have "stripes" called Blaschko's lines. They are generally invisible to the human eye but some people's lines may be visible due to skin conditions or if they are a chimera, which will cause the lines to express different levels of melanin and make them more readily visible. | null | null | null | 12117 |
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null | open_qa | Name some of the popular sitcoms from 1990s | Some of the popular sitcoms from 1990s are:
* Friends
* Sienfeld
* The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air
* Family Matters
* The Nanny | null | null | null | 12118 |
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null | brainstorming | What is the best way to catch fish from pond | Use net, this will give you most area to cover the fish | null | null | null | 12119 |
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null | brainstorming | Give me a bulleted list of movie ideas. | - The President of the United States and a gorilla become best friends. The gorilla lives in the White House and causes all sorts of scandals. Eventually the American people learn to love the gorilla and elect him as the next president.
- An undercover cop gets has a great idea for an invention (a voice box that makes you talk in an accent). He tries to get his idea patented and marketed all while not blowing his cover.
- A war movie where everyone in a platoon deserts together and goes and starts a new community on an isolated island. | null | null | null | 12120 |
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null | classification | Categorize each of the following classes as either 'hard', 'medium', 'easy': english writing, math, history, chemistry, physics. | English writing in general is considered as easy, however to master the skills of writing is actually pretty hard.
Math is in general considered as hard in school, since it's less intuitive and requires multiple step thinking process to solve problems.
History is considered easy at school while chemistry is considered as medium.
Physics is considered as hard. It combines math and science. It has lots of concepts to learn, and it's cumulative: one new concept is built on top of many previous concepts, one physics concept may depends on concepts from math, science, etc. | null | null | null | 12121 |
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null | general_qa | How do I turn on my Tesla Y? | When you open a door to enter Model Y, the touchscreen powers on and you can operate all controls. To drive Model Y: Press the brake pedal - Model Y powers on and is ready to drive. | null | null | null | 12122 |
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null | brainstorming | Tomas is a 50-yr-old nonsmoking male who was recently invited by colleagues to participate in a 10-km trail run. He's been walking for 40 minutes 3 days a week, something he's maintained “for years”. His goal is to run the entire 10K race without stopping. He reports having what he describes as a “mild heart attack” at 45 years old, completed cardiac rehabilitation, and has had no problems since. He takes a statin and a low-dose aspirin daily. During his last visit (2 years ago) with his cardiologist, no changes were noted in his medical condition. Can you brainstorm reasons why Tomas's physician would prescribe a statin? Make sure to explain how this medication works. | Statins are drugs that can lower your cholesterol, which can help lower Tomas’s total cholesterol and reduce their risk of a heart attack or stroke. His physician may have prescribed him this as he has had a history of cardiovascular disease (specifically a heart attack), and the statin is primarily a preventative measure against future heart attacks. Statins block a substance your liver needs to make cholesterol. This causes your liver to remove cholesterol from your blood. | null | null | null | 12123 |
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null | classification | Select the dishes that are Chinese from this menu: hamburger, pizza, fried rice, soup dumplings, spaghetti, scallion pancakes. | From this list, the dishes that can be found in a Chinese menu are fried rice, soup dumplings, and scallion pancakes. | null | null | null | 12124 |
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null | classification | Tell me whether companies keep each of these confidential or publish publicly: acquisition targets, customer data, marketing materials, blog posts, product instructions | Acquisition Targets: Confidential
Customer Data: Confidential
Marketing Materials: Publish Publicly
Blog Posts: Publish Publicly
Product Instructions: Publish Publicly | null | null | null | 12125 |
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null | information_extraction | Extract the different kinds of leavening agents mentioned in this passage. Separate them with a comma. | In the Encyclopedia of Food Microbiology, Michael Gaenzle writes: "One of the oldest sourdough breads dates from 3700 BCE and was excavated in Switzerland, but the origin of sourdough fermentation likely relates to the origin of agriculture in the Fertile Crescent and Egypt several thousand years earlier", which was confirmed a few years later by archeological evidence. ... "Bread production relied on the use of sourdough as a leavening agent for most of human history; the use of baker's yeast as a leavening agent dates back less than 150 years."
Sourdough remained the usual form of leavening down into the European Middle Ages until being replaced by barm from the beer brewing process, and after 1871 by purpose-cultured yeast.
Bread made from 100% rye flour, popular in the northern half of Europe, is usually leavened with sourdough. Baker's yeast is not useful as a leavening agent for rye bread, as rye does not contain enough gluten. The structure of rye bread is based primarily on the starch in the flour as well as other carbohydrates known as pentosans; however, rye amylase is active at substantially higher temperatures than wheat amylase, causing the structure of the bread to disintegrate as the starches are broken down during baking. The lowered pH of a sourdough starter, therefore, inactivates the amylases when heat cannot, allowing the carbohydrates in the bread to gel and set properly. In the southern part of Europe, where panettone is still made with sourdough as leavening, sourdough has become less common in the 20th century; it has been replaced by the faster-growing baker's yeast, sometimes supplemented with longer fermentation rests to allow for some bacterial activity to build flavor. Sourdough fermentation re-emerged as a major fermentation process in bread production during the 2010s, although it is commonly used in conjunction with baker's yeast as leavening agent.
French bakers brought sourdough techniques to Northern California during the California Gold Rush, and it remains a part of the culture of San Francisco today. (The nickname remains in "Sourdough Sam", the mascot of the San Francisco 49ers.) Sourdough has long been associated with the 1849 gold prospectors, though they were more likely to make bread with commercial yeast or baking soda. The "celebrated" San Francisco sourdough is a white bread characterized by a pronounced sourness, and indeed the strain of Lactobacillus in sourdough starters is named Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis (previously Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis), alongside the sourdough yeast Kasachstania humilis (previously Candida milleri) found in the same cultures.
The sourdough tradition was carried into Department of Alaska in the United States and the Yukon territory in Canada during the Klondike Gold Rush of 1898. Conventional leavenings such as yeast and baking soda were much less reliable in the conditions faced by the prospectors. Experienced miners and other settlers frequently carried a pouch of starter either around their neck or on a belt; these were fiercely guarded to keep from freezing. However, freezing does not kill a sourdough starter; excessive heat does. Old hands came to be called "sourdoughs", a term that is still applied to any Alaskan or Klondike old-timer. The significance of the nickname's association with Yukon culture was immortalized in the writings of Robert Service, particularly his collection of "Songs of a Sourdough".[citation needed]
In English-speaking countries, where wheat-based breads predominate, sourdough is no longer the standard method for bread leavening. It was gradually replaced, first by the use of barm from beer making, then, after the confirmation of germ theory by Louis Pasteur, by cultured yeasts. Although sourdough bread was superseded in commercial bakeries in the 20th century, it has undergone a revival among artisan bakers and, more recently, in industrial bakeries. In countries where there is no legal definition of sourdough bread, the dough for some products named or marketed as such is leavened using baker's yeast or chemical raising agents as well as, or instead of, a live sourdough starter culture. The Real Bread Campaign calls these products sourfaux.
Manufacturers of non-sourdough breads make up for the lack of yeast and bacterial culture by introducing into their dough an artificially-made mix known as bread improver or flour improver. | sourdough, baker's yeast, barm, purpose-cultured yeast, commercial yeast, baking soda, cultured yeasts, bread improver, flour improver | null | null | null | 12126 |
null | closed_qa | Given these paragraphs about Multiomics, what is single-cell multiomics? | Multiomics, multi-omics, integrative omics, "panomics" or "pan-omics" is a biological analysis approach in which the data sets are multiple "omes", such as the genome, proteome, transcriptome, epigenome, metabolome, and microbiome (i.e., a meta-genome and/or meta-transcriptome, depending upon how it is sequenced); in other words, the use of multiple omics technologies to study life in a concerted way. By combining these "omes", scientists can analyze complex biological big data to find novel associations between biological entities, pinpoint relevant biomarkers and build elaborate markers of disease and physiology. In doing so, multiomics integrates diverse omics data to find a coherently matching geno-pheno-envirotype relationship or association. The OmicTools service lists more than 99 softwares related to multiomic data analysis, as well as more than 99 databases on the topic.
Systems biology approaches are often based upon the use of panomic analysis data. The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) defines panomics as referring to "the interaction of all biological functions within a cell and with other body functions, combining data collected by targeted tests ... and global assays (such as genome sequencing) with other patient-specific information."
Single-cell multiomics
A branch of the field of multiomics is the analysis of multilevel single-cell data, called single-cell multiomics. This approach gives us an unprecedent resolution to look at multilevel transitions in health and disease at the single cell level. An advantage in relation to bulk analysis is to mitigate confounding factors derived from cell to cell variation, allowing the uncovering of heterogeneous tissue architectures.
Methods for parallel single-cell genomic and transcriptomic analysis can be based on simultaneous amplification or physical separation of RNA and genomic DNA. They allow insights that cannot be gathered solely from transcriptomic analysis, as RNA data do not contain non-coding genomic regions and information regarding copy-number variation, for example. An extension of this methodology is the integration of single-cell transcriptomes to single-cell methylomes, combining single-cell bisulfite sequencing to single cell RNA-Seq. Other techniques to query the epigenome, as single-cell ATAC-Seq and single-cell Hi-C also exist.
A different, but related, challenge is the integration of proteomic and transcriptomic data. One approach to perform such measurement is to physically separate single-cell lysates in two, processing half for RNA, and half for proteins. The protein content of lysates can be measured by proximity extension assays (PEA), for example, which use DNA-barcoded antibodies. A different approach uses a combination of heavy-metal RNA probes and protein antibodies to adapt mass cytometry for multiomic analysis.
Multiomics and machine learning
In parallel to the advances in highthroughput biology, machine learning applications to biomedical data analysis are flourishing. The integration of multi-omics data analysis and machine learning has led to the discovery of new biomarkers. For example, one of the methods of the mixOmics project implements a method based on sparse Partial Least Squares regression for selection of features (putative biomarkers).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiomics | The analysis of multilevel single-cell data. This approach gives us an unprecedent resolution to look at multilevel transitions in health and disease at the single cell level. | null | null | null | 12127 |
null | open_qa | What links Willie Brant, Lech Walesa, Yasser Arafat | Nobel Peace Prize | null | null | null | 12128 |
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null | summarization | Is Parsenn nice for skiing | Parsenn is a ski area near Davos, Switzerland, offering 35 ski runs.
The Parsenn area is the largest and most modern of Davos' five mountains.
The recently updated Parsenn "red railway" funicular covers the difference of 1,100 metres (3,609 ft) up to the Weissfluhjoch ridge. One can also get from Klosters to Gotschna/Parsenn with a large cable car which runs from here run up to 17 kilometres (10.6 mi) into the Prättigau valley. | Parsenn is a ski area near Davos, Switzerland, offering 35 ski runs. The Parsenn area is the largest and most modern of Davos' five mountains and is considered as very nice. | null | null | null | 12129 |
null | classification | Categorize each of the following as a grocery store or restaurant: Publix, Texas Roadhouse, Bonefish, Costco, Aldi, McDonalds, KFC, Whole Foods | Publix: Grocery Store
Texas Roadhouse: Restaurant
Bonefish: Restaurant
Costco: Grocery Store
Aldi: Grocery Store
McDonalds: Restaurant
KFC: Restaurant
Whole Foods: Grocery Store | null | null | null | 12130 |
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null | classification | Classify each of the following as either an animal or plant: elephant, tree, tulip, human, dog, rose | The following are animals: elephant, human and dog and the rest are plants: tree, tulip and rose | null | null | null | 12131 |
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null | open_qa | Who is the inventor of electric light? | Thomas Edison | null | null | null | 12132 |
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null | general_qa | What does the idiom burning your bridges mean? | The idiom burning your bridges means do not do something that you may regret later. It is commonly used in the scenario when someone is quitting a job. If someone is quitting a job, someone else may say to that person 'Quit your job professionally and respectfully! Don't burn your bridges!'. Someone who burns their bridges risks that the people they worked with may never give them a positive professional reference nor want to hire them in a future opportunity. | null | null | null | 12133 |
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null | brainstorming | Provide a bulleted list of reasons why Tesla stock could go up in the future. | The following are reasons why Tesla stock could go up in the future:
1. Governments incentivizing citizens to purchase electric cars
2. Increased production of the Model S, 3, X, and Y
3. Launch of Tesla Cyber Truck
4. Launch of a cheaper, more widely used Tesla Model
5. Opening of more Giga Factories
6. Enhanced production capacity at current giga factories
7. Expansion of solar deployments
8. Expansion of the super charger network
9. Expansion of megapack deployments
10. Expansion of the Tesla insurance program
11. Improvement to full self driving
12. Launch of a robotaxi network. | null | null | null | 12134 |
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null | general_qa | Should I buy a horse? | Buying a horse has lots of pro's and cons. A horse is great to own as you are able to build a strong relationship. You will have freedom and can be at your horse anytime it suits you. And you can ride or walk your horse in ways you want to do this. You will also become best buddies as you will spend a lot of time together. Maintaining a horse however can be a lot of work, and its pretty costly, make sure you have some help and do not underestimate the responsibility and time you have to put in. Enjoy the ride. | null | null | null | 12135 |
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null | closed_qa | Given the biography of Nemacolin, what years did George Washington use Nemacolin's Path? | The son of Checochinican (Chickoconecon), chief of the Fish Clan of the Turtle tribe, Nemacolin was born near the Brandywine Creek, probably close to the Swedish trading post at Fort Christina that later became Wilmington, Delaware. By a treaty with William Penn in 1726, various tribes either rented or gave up their land on both sides of Brandywine Creek. Nemacolin likely grew up near Shamokin, Pennsylvania, a village near the Susquehanna River to which the Delaware had retreated when faced with disease and colonization of their traditional lands by white settlers. His family grew to know trader Thomas Cresap, and moved south and west with the Cresap family, likely after a controversy between groups of settlers aligned with the colonies of Maryland and Pennsylvania known as Cresap's War.
Circa 1750, Cresap received instructions to improve the Native American path across the Appalachian Mountains through the Cumberland Narrows. He hired Nemacolin and his two sons, among others, to complete the task between Will's Creek (a trading post on a tributary of the Potomac River later the site of Fort Cumberland) and the mouth of Redstone Creek on the Monongahela River (a tributary of the Ohio River) which later became Redstone Old Fort and even later Brownsville, Pennsylvania. A side trail led to the residence of Christopher Gist. Gist led George Washington along Nemacolin's Path in 1753 and 1754. It was later improved to permit supply wagons for General Edward Braddock's army, and the General ultimately died on the route in 1755 after the disastrous Battle of the Monongahela near present day Pittsburgh. About 1759, as the war ended, Nemocolin reblazed the path to the residence of James Burd which became Fort Burd and later renamed Redstone Old Fort. Another branch went to Uniontown, Pennsylvania. | George Washington was led by Christopher Gist along Nemacolin's Path in 1753 and 1754 | null | null | null | 12136 |
null | closed_qa | When did WWII begin? | World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945. The vast majority of the world's countries, including all of the great powers, fought as part of two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. Many participants threw their economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind this total war, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and the delivery of the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. | WWII began in 1939 and lasted until 1945. | null | null | null | 12137 |
null | classification | Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Dhimay, Swarabat | Swarabat is string, Dhimay is percussion. | null | null | null | 12138 |
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null | open_qa | What year was the Northwest School in Seattle founded? | 1980 | null | null | null | 12139 |
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null | open_qa | What is the name of Dorothy's dog? | Dorothy's dog is named Toto | null | null | null | 12140 |
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null | open_qa | Why isn't Puerto Rico a US state? | Because there isn't a significant ROI | null | null | null | 12141 |
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null | information_extraction | From the passage, extract the list of movies that Pedro Almodovar produced. Include the year and the name. Place them in a bullet list. | Pedro Almodóvar Caballero (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpeðɾo almoˈðoβaɾ kaβaˈʝeɾo]; born 25 September 1949) is a Spanish filmmaker. His films are marked by melodrama, irreverent humour, bold colour, glossy décor, quotations from popular culture, and complex narratives. Desire, passion, family, and identity are among Almodóvar's most prevalent subjects in his films. Acclaimed as one of the most internationally successful Spanish filmmakers, Almodóvar and his films have gained worldwide interest and developed a cult following.
Almodóvar's career came to during La Movida Madrileña, a cultural renaissance that followed after the end of Francoist Spain. His early films characterised the sense of sexual and political freedom of the period. In 1986, he established his own film production company, El Deseo, with his younger brother Agustín Almodóvar, who has been responsible for producing all of his films since Law of Desire (1987). His breakthrough film was Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown (1988), which was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.
He achieved further success often collaborating with actors Antonio Banderas and Penélope Cruz. He directed Tie Me Up! Tie Me Down! (1989), High Heels (1991), and Live Flesh (1997). His next two films, All About My Mother (1999) and Talk to Her (2002), earned him an Academy Award each for Best International Feature Film and Best Original Screenplay, respectively. His later films include Volver (2006), Broken Embraces (2009), The Skin I Live In (2011), Julieta (2016), Pain and Glory (2019), and Parallel Mothers (2021).
Almodóvar has received numerous accolades including two Academy Awards, five BAFTA Awards, two Emmy Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, nine Goya Awards. He has also received the French Legion of Honour in 1997, the Gold Medal of Merit in the Fine Arts in 1999, and the European Film Academy Achievement in World Cinema Award in 2013 and was awarded the Golden Lion in 2019. He's also received an honorary doctoral degrees from Harvard University in 2009 and from University of Oxford in 2016. | 1982 - Labyrinth of Passion
1988 - Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown
2004 - Bad Education
2021 - Parallel Mothers | null | null | null | 12142 |
null | creative_writing | Write an argument for keeping public lands under federal control in the Intermountain West. | Public lands make up a huge proportion of the region between the crest of the Sierra Nevada and the Continental Divide in the Rockies, also known as the Intermountain West, and most of these lands are owned by the Federal government. Many residents of this sparsely populated region resent the control of these lands by distant bureaucrats whose regulations place significant restrictions on how the land is used. For this reason, movements have been ongoing for many years to work for the transfer of those lands to local authorities. While this sense of disenfranchisement is understandable, the truth is that local residents would suffer more from the loss of centralized management of these lands than they would gain through local control. This region is mostly desert, a landscape and ecosystem that is unusually vulnerable to degradation. Without the concerted efforts of an administration that can apply consistent regulation and stewardship of these lands across a broad territory that crosses state boundaries, the value of these lands to local residents would decline even further, becoming less productive and less attractive to the hunters, fishermen, and other tourists whose spending represents the majority of income for many of these Intermountain communities. | null | null | null | 12143 |
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null | open_qa | What is a string quartet? | Traditionally, string quartet is an ensemble of two violins, a viola, and a cello | null | null | null | 12144 |
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null | brainstorming | List 7 exotic fruits that I should try. | 1. Dragon fruit
2. Passion fruit
3. Cherimoya
4. Soursop
5. Star fruit
6. Papaya
7. Mangosteen | null | null | null | 12145 |
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null | classification | What are the following: Palm Pre, iPhone, Samsung Galaxy Note, Razr, HTC One X | These are all examples of mobile phones. The iPhone, Samsung Galaxy Note, and HTC One X are examples of smartphones, which is a mobile phone that can also access the internet and run applications like Instagram or Gmail. | null | null | null | 12146 |
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null | closed_qa | What is the first computer recognized in human history? | The Antikythera mechanism (/ˌæntɪkɪˈθɪərə/ AN-tih-kih-THEER-ə) is an Ancient Greek hand-powered orrery, described as the oldest known example of an analogue computer used to predict astronomical positions and eclipses decades in advance. It could also be used to track the four-year cycle of athletic games which was similar to an Olympiad, the cycle of the ancient Olympic Games. | The Antikythera mechanism, an astronomical clock, was built around 100 BC and is considered the world's first computer. | null | null | null | 12147 |
null | creative_writing | Write a mother’s negative review for a dentist office with a dirty waiting room. | Would not recommend!! I would give zero stars if I could. I took my children to this dentist to have their teeth cleaned and was absolutely disgusted by the state of the waiting room. The seats were stained and it looked like the floor hadn’t been cleaned in weeks. How hard it is to vacuum every now and then? I was afraid to let the kids touch anything and this is simply unacceptable for any kind of medical clinic. There are many other places in the area that keep their facility clean. Avoid this business! | null | null | null | 12148 |
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null | classification | Which cities in China are self-governing cities? Beijing, Shanghai, Changsha, Shenzhen | The self-governing cities of the People's Republic of China are provincial-level administrative units. They are not provinces, but have the same rank as provinces and autonomous regions and report directly to the central government of the People's Republic of China.
There are four self-government cities in China. These are:
Beijing , the capital of China;
Tianjin , a port city 120 km south-east of Beijing;
Chongqing , by far the largest in terms of area - and thus also the largest in terms of population - of the four cities whose administrative area used to form the eastern seventh of Sichuan Province ;
Shanghai , the economic and financial metropolis at the mouth of the Yangtze River .
So only Beijing and Shanghai are the self-governing cities in your question. | null | null | null | 12149 |
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null | creative_writing | How to prevent the extinction of the human species? | Humans are vulnerable to many different cataclysmic events.
One way is to migrate and reside in other planets, solar systems and even galaxies. Earth is a single point of failure.
Another consideration is to merge with AI and exist in virtual reality as a non-biological species.
Preserving human genetic material in doomsday vaults, so that humans can be revived/resurrected in the future. | null | null | null | 12150 |
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null | classification | Find the bird in this list: Avocado, Avocet, Avian | Avocet | null | null | null | 12151 |
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null | general_qa | Who is the Patron Saint of Ireland? | St. Patrick is Ireland's main patron saint and on March 17, the world celebrates the feast day of St. Patrick, a zealous, fifth-century British bishop who became famous for spreading Christianity in Ireland. | null | null | null | 12152 |
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null | information_extraction | Extract the causes of income inequality in the United States mentioned in the text. Separate them with a comma. | According to CBO (and others), the precise reasons for the rapid growth in income at the top are not well understood",: xi but involved multiple, possibly conflicting, factors.: xi
Causes include:
decline of labor unions – Unions weakened in part due to globalization and automation may account for one-third to more than one-half of the rise of inequality among men. Pressure on employers to increase wages and on lawmakers to enact worker-friendly measures declined. Rewards from productivity gains went to executives, investors and creditors. A study by Kristal and Cohen reported that rising wage inequality was driven more by declining unions and the fall in the real value of the minimum wage, with twice as much impact as technology. An alternative theory states that passthrough income's contribution is incorrectly attributed to capital rather than labor.
globalization – Low skilled American workers lost ground in the face of competition from low-wage workers in Asia and other "emerging" economies.
skill-biased technological change – Rapid progress in information technology increased the demand for skilled and educated workers.
superstars – Modern communication technologies often turn competition into a "winner take most" tournament in which the winner is richly rewarded, while the runners-up get far less.
financialization – In the 1990s stock market capitalization rose from 55% to 155% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Corporations began to shift executive compensation toward stock options, increasing incentives for managers to make decisions to increase share prices. Average annual CEO options increased from $500,000 to over $3 million. Stock comprised almost 50% of CEO compensation. Managers were incentivized to increase shareholder wealth rather than to improve long-term contracts with workers; between 2000 and 2007, nearly 75% of increased stock growth came at the cost of labor wages and salaries.
immigration of less-educated workers – Relatively high levels of immigration of low skilled workers since 1965 may have reduced wages for American-born high school dropouts;
college premium - Workers with college degrees traditionally earned more and faced a lower unemployment rate than others. Wealthy families are also more likely to send their children to schools which have large endowments, resulting in more grants and lower student debt. The cycle is completed when wealthier alums donate more and disproportionately increase the size of elite endowments. Elite colleges also have better access to financial expertise.
automation - The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) found that increased automation had led to "an overall drop in the need for labor input. This would cause capital share to increase, relative to labor share, as machines replace some workers."
We haven't achieved the minimalist state that libertarians advocate. What we've achieved is a state too constrained to provide the public goods – investments in infrastructure, technology, and education – that would make for a vibrant economy and too weak to engage in the redistribution that is needed to create a fair society. But we have a state that is still large enough and distorted enough that it can provide a bounty of gifts to the wealthy.
—Joseph Stiglitz
policy – Krugman asserted that movement conservatives increased their influence over the Republican Party beginning in the 1970s. In the same era, it increased its political power. The result was less progressive tax laws, anti-labor policies, and slower expansion of the welfare state relative to other developed nations (e.g., the unique absence of universal healthcare). Further, variation in income inequality across developed countries indicate that policy has a significant influence on inequality; Japan, Sweden and France have income inequality around 1960 levels. The US was an early adopter of neoliberalism, whose focus on growth over equality spread to other countries over time.
corporatism and corpocracy – Excessive attention to the interests of corporations reduced scrutiny over compensation shifts.
female labor force participation – High earning households are more likely to be dual earner households.
stock ownership is tilted towards households at higher income and education levels, resulting in disparate investment income.
Higher income households are disproportionately likely to prosper when economic times are good, and to suffer losses during downturns. More of their income comes from relatively volatile capital income. For example, in 2011 the top 1% of income earners derived 37% of their income from labor, versus 62% for the middle quintile. The top 1% derived 58% of their income from capital as opposed to 4% for the middle quintile. Government transfers represented only 1% of the income of the top 1% but 25% for the middle quintile; the dollar amounts of these transfers tend to rise in recessions.
According to a 2018 report by the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the US has higher income inequality and a larger percentage of low income workers than almost any other advanced nation because unemployed and at-risk workers get less support from the government and a weak collective bargaining system. | The text lists the following as causes of income inequality in the United States: decline of labor unions, globalization, skill-biased technological change, superstars, financialization, immigration of less-educated workers, college premium, automation, public policy, corporatism and corpocracy, female labor force participation, and disproportionate stock ownership in households at higher income and education levels. | null | null | null | 12153 |
null | closed_qa | When was Genghis Khan born? | Genghis Khan (born Temüjin; c. 1162 — 25 August 1227), also known as Chinggis Khan, was the founder and first khagan of the Mongol Empire, which later became the largest contiguous land empire in history. Having spent the majority of his life uniting the Mongol tribes, he launched a series of military campaigns which conquered large parts of China and Central Asia. | 1162 | null | null | null | 12154 |
null | brainstorming | Who is the most beautiful lady in the world now | chiara ferragni . for her intelligence and elegant look | null | null | null | 12155 |
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null | general_qa | What's the difference between metrics and logs? | Logs have finer granularity and are therefore slower to query. Metrics are generally aggregated and faster to query. For example logs could be: "server 1 is running", "server 2 is running", and the corresponding metric would be "there are 2 servers running". | null | null | null | 12156 |
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null | creative_writing | Can you write a Haiku about using AI? | Computers are smart, I wonder who's in control, Beware of Skynet | null | null | null | 12157 |
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null | summarization | What weaponry was the U-3030 submarine equipped with? | The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 15.6 knots (28.9 km/h; 18.0 mph) and a submerged speed of 17.2 knots (31.9 km/h; 19.8 mph). When running on silent motors the boat could operate at a speed of 6.1 knots (11.3 km/h; 7.0 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate at 5 knots (9.3 km/h; 5.8 mph) for 340 nautical miles (630 km; 390 mi); when surfaced, she could travel 15,500 nautical miles (28,700 km; 17,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-3030 was fitted with six 53.3 cm (21.0 in) torpedo tubes in the bow and four 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft guns. She could carry twenty-three torpedoes or seventeen torpedoes and twelve mines. The complement was five officers and fifty-two men. | The U-3030 submarine could carry twenty-three torpedoes or seventeen torpedoes and twelve mines. | null | null | null | 12158 |
null | information_extraction | When did space exploration begin ? | Space exploration stared during the late 1920s leading to the first crewed rocket cars and rocket planes, then there was the US and Soviet activities from 1950 onwards | null | null | null | 12159 |
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null | general_qa | In music theory, what is the circle of fifths? | The circle of fifths is a way of organizing the 12 chromatic pitches as a sequence of perfect fifths. (This is strictly true in the standard 12-tone equal temperament system — using a different system requires one interval of diminished sixth to be treated as a fifth). If C is chosen as a starting point, the sequence is: C, G, D, A, E, B (=C♭), F♯ (=G♭), C♯ (=D♭), A♭, E♭, B♭, F. Continuing the pattern from F returns the sequence to its starting point of C. This order places the most closely related key signatures adjacent to one another. It is usually illustrated in the form of a circle. | null | null | null | 12160 |
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null | open_qa | Who won the 2004 World Series? | The Boston Red Sox won the 2004 World series? | null | null | null | 12161 |
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null | general_qa | What is the best way to cook a steak? | There are many different variants to cooking a steak. You must choose the proper temperature to cook a steak. The range is from rare, medium rare, medium, medium well to well done. There are several ways to cook a steak for example a grill or in a pan. For this example we will use a grill. Remove steak from fridge and season. Allow steak to warm to near room temperature. This will prevent a steak from drying out and improve taste. Cook the steak to the desired temperature trying to only flip 1-3 times. Once done allow meat to rest for 5 minutes for best flavor. | null | null | null | 12162 |
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null | summarization | who is Hugh Ogden? | Hugh Ogden (March 11, 1937 – December 31, 2006) was an American poet and educator. Ogden was a 1959 graduate of Haverford College. Ogden received his master’s degree from New York University and a Ph.D. from the University of Michigan. He taught at Michigan and then for four decades at Trinity College in Hartford. While at Trinity, Ogden co-founded the College’s creative writing program in 1968.
Ogden was born in Erie, Pennsylvania. Ogden has written an estimated 400 to 500 poems, many of which have been published in small presses and magazines, and he has won a National Endowment for the Arts grant and two Connecticut Commission on the Arts Fellowships. In 1998, Ogden was nominated for the Pushcart Prize in Poetry.
Ogden died on December 31, 2006, after falling through the ice on Rangeley Lake in Oquossoc, Maine. | Hugh Ogden was an American poet who taught at Trinity College in Hartford, CT. Ogden wrote an estimated 400 to 500 poems, and was published with his book "Gift". He was born in Erie, Pennsylvania and won several poetry awards and co-founded the College's creative writing program in 1968 at Trinity College. Ogden died on December 31, 2006, after falling through the ice. | null | null | null | 12163 |
null | closed_qa | Given this paragraph, what are the potential advantages or disadvantages of using XGBoost versus a single decision tree? | While the XGBoost model often achieves higher accuracy than a single decision tree, it sacrifices the intrinsic interpretability of decision trees. For example, following the path that a decision tree takes to make its decision is trivial and self-explained, but following the paths of hundreds or thousands of trees is much harder. To achieve both performance and interpretability, some model compression techniques allow transforming an XGBoost into a single "born-again" decision tree that approximates the same decision function | One advantage of using XGBoost over a single decision tree is that it frequently achieves higher accuracy. One disadvantage is that it sacrifices interpretability because it is much more difficult to follow the path of hundreds or thousands of trees. | null | null | null | 12164 |
null | closed_qa | Given the reference text about Fidel Castro, tell me where he was born, where he studied, and when he was the leader of Cuba. | Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (/ˈkæstroʊ/; American Spanish: [fiˈðel aleˈxandɾo ˈkastɾo ˈrus]; 13 August 1926 – 25 November 2016) was a Cuban revolutionary and politician who was the leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008, serving as the prime minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and president from 1976 to 2008. Ideologically a Marxist–Leninist and Cuban nationalist, he also served as the first secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba from 1961 until 2011. Under his administration, Cuba became a one-party communist state; industry and business were nationalized, and socialist reforms were implemented throughout society.
Born in Birán, the son of a wealthy Spanish farmer, Castro adopted leftist and anti-imperialist ideas while studying law at the University of Havana. After participating in rebellions against right-wing governments in the Dominican Republic and Colombia, he planned the overthrow of Cuban President Fulgencio Batista, launching a failed attack on the Moncada Barracks in 1953. After a year's imprisonment, Castro travelled to Mexico where he formed a revolutionary group, the 26th of July Movement, with his brother Raúl Castro and Ernesto "Che" Guevara. Returning to Cuba, Castro took a key role in the Cuban Revolution by leading the Movement in a guerrilla war against Batista's forces from the Sierra Maestra. After Batista's overthrow in 1959, Castro assumed military and political power as Cuba's prime minister. The United States came to oppose Castro's government and unsuccessfully attempted to remove him by assassination, economic embargo, and counter-revolution, including the Bay of Pigs Invasion of 1961. Countering these threats, Castro aligned with the Soviet Union and allowed the Soviets to place nuclear weapons in Cuba, resulting in the Cuban Missile Crisis – a defining incident of the Cold War – in 1962. | Fidel Castro was born in Birán and studied law at the University of Havana. He was the leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008. | null | null | null | 12165 |
null | summarization | Without quoting directly from the text give me a summary of the half dome hike. | The Half Dome Cable Route hike runs from the valley floor to the top of the dome in 8.2 mi (13 km) (via the Mist Trail), with 4,800 ft (1,460 m) of elevation gain. The length and difficulty of the trail used to keep it less crowded than other park trails, but in recent years the trail traffic has grown to as many as 800 people a day. The hike can be done from the valley floor in a single long day, but many people break it up by camping overnight in Little Yosemite Valley. The trail climbs past Vernal Fall and Nevada Fall, then continues into Little Yosemite Valley, then north to the base of the northeast ridge of Half Dome itself.
The final 400 ft (120 m) ascent is steeply up the rock between two steel cables used as handholds. The cables are fixed with bolts in the rock and raised onto a series of metal poles in late May (the poles do not anchor the cables). The cables are taken down from the poles for the winter in early October, but they are still fixed to the rock surface and can be used. The National Park Service recommends against climbing the route when the cables are down or when the surface of the rock is wet and slippery. The Cable Route is rated class 3, while the same face away from the cables is rated class 5.
The Cable Route gets crowded on the weekends
The Cable Route can be crowded. In past years, as many as 1,000 hikers per day have climbed the dome on a summer weekend, and about 50,000 hikers climb it every year.
Since 2011, all hikers who intend to ascend the Cable Route must now obtain permits before entering the park when the cables are up between May and October. Permits are checked by a ranger on the trail, and no hikers without permits are allowed to hike beyond the base of the sub-dome or to the bottom of the cables. Hikers caught bypassing the rangers to visit either the sub-dome or main dome without a permit face fines of up to $5,000 and/or 6 months in jail.
Backpackers with an appropriate wilderness permit can receive a Half Dome permit when they pick up their wilderness permit with no additional reservation required. Rock climbers who reach the top of Half Dome without entering the subdome area can descend on the Half Dome Trail without a permit.
The top of Half Dome is a large, flat area where climbers can relax and enjoy their accomplishment. The summit offers views of the surrounding areas, including Little Yosemite Valley and the Valley Floor. A notable location to one side of Half Dome is the "Diving Board", where Ansel Adams took his photograph Monolith, the Face of Half Dome on April 10, 1927. Often confused with "the Visor," a small overhanging ledge at the summit, the Diving Board is on the shoulder of Half Dome.
From 1919 when the cables were erected through 2011, there have been seven fatal falls from the cables. The latest fatality occurred on September 5, 2019.
Lightning strikes can be a risk while on or near the summit. On July 27, 1985, five hikers were struck by lightning, resulting in two fatalities.
The Cable Route was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2012. | The half dome hike is 8.2 miles long with 4800 ft elevation gain. This hike can be done in a single long day or in two days by camping overnight in Little Yosemite Valley. The trail goes past Vernal and Nevada waterfalls, continues to Little Yosemite Valley and then to the half dome itself. The final 400 ft of the hike involves a steep ascent up the rock using the two steel cables fixed with bolts in the rock. The cables are put up between May and October and it is not recommended to climb the route when cables are down since the surface can be wet and slippery. All the hikers to half dome are required to obtain permits which are checked by a ranger on the trail. Hikers caught bypassing the rangers without permits are subject to penalties. | null | null | null | 12166 |
null | classification | Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Octofone, Suona | Octofone is string, Suona is woodwind. | null | null | null | 12167 |
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null | general_qa | Where is the Walmart corporate home office located? | While Walmart has many corporate locations located across the world, its home office is located in Bentonville, Arkansas. | null | null | null | 12168 |
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null | open_qa | Which colors are in a rainbow? | A rainbow consists of the following seven colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. | null | null | null | 12169 |
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null | summarization | Who was Lem Tucker? | Lemuel Tucker (May 26, 1938 – March 2, 1991) was an American journalist.
Born in Saginaw, Michigan, Tucker graduated from Central Michigan University in 1960.
Tucker was one of the first African Americans to work as a television network reporter. He began his career at NBC in 1965 as a general assignment news correspondent, and served as news director at WOR-TV in New York City from 1970 to 1971. He moved to ABC in 1972 and to CBS in 1977, where he worked until his death.
He was winner of two Emmy Awards, and made the master list of Nixon political opponents for his reporting.
Although Lem Tucker's life was brief, his career accomplishments were memorable.
Tucker was the first African American elected to the position of student body president at CMU. That election took place when less than one percent of the student body was black. Previous to his election, only one other African American had been elected to a similar position in the United States. While at Central, Tucker was considered one of the university's top forensic students. He served as a chapter president of Pi Kappa Delta, a national speech honorary fraternity.
He won his first Emmy in 1979 for his coverage of black America and his second in 1983 for a series about hunger in America. While working for the networks, he covered numerous major news events, including the Vietnam War, the Kent State University shootings and the Iran hostage crisis. He covered social unrest and riots in Newark, Miami and Harlem. He also reported from the Woodstock Festival. In 1981, he was covering President Ronald Reagan's speech at the Washington Hilton Hotel and witnessed the shooting of the president. He was broadcasting live reports on CBS Radio within minutes of the incident. He was applauded by his colleagues and others in the media for his continuous and thorough coverage, which he provided well into the next morning.
During the course of his career, Tucker returned numerous times to his alma mater to speak to students about politics, share reflections on college life and offer insight regarding work as a national network correspondent.
Tucker had a keen sense of humor. In an address given to the CMU community in the early 1980s, he told his audience he was amused to have been asked back to speak at the university, given that during his days as student body president, he "quibbled a lot" with the administration. He said, "How rare for me to be given a microphone and be invited to speak at CMU. Now I am on stage in front of administration and applauded."
Tucker has one daughter, Linn Carol Tucker.
His death in 1991 was due to liver failure. | Lemuel Tucker was an American journalist. He was born in Saginaw, Michigan, Tucker graduated from Central Michigan University in 1960. Tucker was one of the first African Americans to work as a television network reporter. He won his first Emmy in 1979 for his coverage of black America and his second in 1983 for a series about hunger in America. His death in 1991 was due to liver failure. | null | null | null | 12170 |
null | general_qa | Make arguments for and against Majora's Mask being a better game than Ocarina of Time. | Majora's Mask is one of the most atmospheric games in the entire Legend of Zelda franchise, covering themes of grief, loss, denial and the limits of heroism. The re-use of its predecessor's sprites in different contexts adds to the sense of unease and uncertainty. Clocktown, with all its subplots throughout the 3-day cycle, feels considerably more alive than Ocarina's Hyrule Town. On the other hand, Ocarina of Time has more dungeons, focuses more on the classic characters of Zelda & Ganondorf and presented the template for 3D Zelda adventures. Although its story is much more standard, Ocarina of Time does cover mature themes such as lost childhood. | null | null | null | 12171 |
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null | creative_writing | Does spark provide date & time when a particular event is received in the structured streaming? | Not directly. The source of the data is responsible for event time, the “arrival” time is typically the timestamp from the message server source you are reading from (Kafka, Kinesis, etc.) and the “processing” time can be inserted when processing the incomming data stream using the functions package current_timestamp function. https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/api/scala/index.html#org.apache.spark.sql.functions$ This isn’t exactly when Spark received the data from the server but is close and will be grouped by trigger interval. Note that this function can not be used when in continuous mode. https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/structured-streaming-programming-guide.html#supported-queries | null | null | null | 12172 |
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null | summarization | Are tequila and mezcal basically the same thing? | Mezcal is made from over 30 agave species, varieties, and subvarieties, in contrast with tequila, which is made only with blue agave. Of many agave species that can be used to make mezcal, seven are particularly notable. There is no exhaustive list, as the regulations allow any agaves, provided that they are not used as the primary material in other governmental Denominations of Origin. However, the interpretation of this regulation to mean that mezcal cannot be made from blue agave may be a mistranslation. The term silvestre "wild" is sometimes found, but simply means that the agaves are wild (foraged, not cultivated); it is not a separate variety. | Tequila and mezcal are similar in some ways, but they also have one distinct difference. Both liquors are made from agave. Tequila, however, is restricted to using only blue agave in its production process. Technically tequila is a type of mezcal because mezcal encompasses all liquors made from any type of agave. But unless blue agave is used to produce the liquor, it is not tequila. | null | null | null | 12173 |
null | open_qa | What is the capital of Alabama? | Montgomery is the capital | null | null | null | 12174 |
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null | open_qa | Why do people fly on airplanes? | People fly on airplanes to go between places faster. Driving is an alternative to flying but when time is an issue flying is the quickest way to get to your destination. Flying is also necessary when you need to get to an island or another continent which is not attached to the continent where you live. Taking a boat may be too costly and long in some cases even if you don't like flying. Flying is used to take trips, visit family and friends, meeting new people, interacting with co-workers, and sight-seeing. | null | null | null | 12175 |
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null | classification | Which of the following people were Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom? Margaret Thatcher, Winston Churchill, Queen Elizabeth II, Benjamin Disraeli, Thomas Cromwell | Margaret Thatcher, Winston Churchill, and Benjamin Disraeli were Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom. | null | null | null | 12176 |
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null | brainstorming | Jill, a 60-year-old personal training client, wants to improve her hip flexibility. She
repeatedly bounces up and down, trying to touch her toes from a standing position. Will hip
flexibility be the expected outcome of this exercise? Is her technique appropriate? What
modifications would you make, if any? | In practice, she may find some improvements in her hip flexibility, but certainly this is not the right, nor optimal, technique to improve her hip flexibility. She risks injuring herself with this kind of movement. This is because every tendon has a stretch reflex, and when triggered, will cause the muscle connected to it to contract; for example, when the patellar tendon underneath your knee is hit by your doctor during your yearly checkup, your quads contract involuntarily and your leg kicks up. When you are stretching, you are elongating the muscles. If you bounce while stretching, you can activate your tendon’s stretch reflex, causing your muscle to try and contract while also elongating it, which may tear the muscle or even detach the tendon from the bone in extreme cases. I would recommend her to not bounce during toe touches, and focus on keeping the motion static. | null | null | null | 12177 |
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null | classification | Name some famous cartoon cats. | Some famous cartoon cats include Heathcliff, Garfield, Tom, Sylvester, Felix, and the Cheshire Cat. | null | null | null | 12178 |
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null | closed_qa | Where is Ivan Trotski from? | Ivan Trotski is a Belarusian race walker. | Belarus | null | null | null | 12179 |
null | general_qa | Why are drums so important to music, and what this appeal to have live drums in the modern world where drum beats can easily be sampled, and/or perfectly mimicked by software? | Music is often broken down into fundamental components using this model of understanding: Melody, Harmony, and Rhythm. Of these three it is true rhythm is the easiest for computers to do a near perfect job of imitating. Advancements in technology from the first drum machines that appeared in the 1970s, to widely used beat machines of the 1990's, to software music composition suites of today means you now have a lot of control at youf finger tips to create rhythm. You can now create drum beats that account for tempo variations, pitch variations, changes in dynamics, how close the drum pattern stays on beat, the type of hit the beat should be using, what the tension on the drum heads should sound like, how much rebound against the drum head is present, velocity of the stick, the simulated room size of where the drum kit is located, how much resonance is vibrating in the drum kit itself, tonal variance of the wood shells used to create the drum beat and many more. These advancements make software drumbeats realistic, and indistinguishable from their human counterparts yet the role of the drummer in modern music could not be more important. Humans love live music, and very few commercially successful live musical acts do not use a live drummer. Even rap and hip hop--two musical genres famous for ushering in the area of "sampled" drum beats, and "sampled song loops"-- often will have a live drummer on stage despite the ease of which the music can be broadcast loudly without requiring one. The reason is simple: live drums and the musicians who perform using them are both visually and sonically exciting. There are genres where a drummer is not provided such as "DJ Couture" and "Electronic Dance music" (or EDM) but they are the exceptions and not the rule. From the earliest humans banging rocks and sticks together, to the modern drums of today the future of the live drummer in music has never been brighter. | null | null | null | 12180 |
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null | summarization | Give me a list of authors from Florida | Florida literature is as varied as the state itself. Genres traditionally include fiction, nonfiction, and poetry, and some of it may be considered part of the American regional Southern literature genre. Writers affiliated with the locale of Florida include William Bartram, Elizabeth Bishop, James Branch Cabell, Hart Crane, Stephen Crane, Harry Crews, Nilo Cruz, John Fleming, Ernest Hemingway, Carl Hiaasen, Jay Hopler, Zora Neale Hurston, José Martí, Campbell McGrath, Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, Wallace Stevens, and Harriet Beecher Stowe. | The most well-known authors from Florida include:
- Ernest Heminway
- John Fleming
- José Martí
- Wallace Stevens
- Harriet Beecher Stowe
- Jay Hopler
- William Bartram
- Elizabeth Bishop
- Stephen Crane
- Hart Crane
- Harry Crews
- Campbell McGrath
- Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings
- James Branch Cabell
- Nilo Cruz
- Zora Neale Hurston | null | null | null | 12181 |
null | open_qa | Name some popular video games exclusive to Sony’s Playstation game consoles. | Some of the most popular games that are exclusive to Sony Playstation consoles include the Uncharted series, the Gran Turismo series, and the God of War series. Each series of games have sold tens of millions of copies. | null | null | null | 12182 |
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null | closed_qa | Name a song The Mo is best known for that is not named after a dairy product. | The Mo, also known simply as Mo, was a Dutch pop band best remembered for the 1980s hits "Fred Astaire" and "Cheese." The band was known to be an experimental pop band during the new wave era. | Fred Astaire | null | null | null | 12183 |
null | general_qa | What is the largest country in the world? | There are multiple ways that large can be defined. By area, Russia is the largest country in the world alternatively by Population, China is the worlds most populated country. | null | null | null | 12184 |
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null | classification | Identify which car manufacturer is German or American: Ford, Brabus | Brabus is German, Ford is American | null | null | null | 12185 |
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null | closed_qa | Where did Jon Rahm go to college? | He attended Arizona State University on a golf scholarship, where he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in Communications. There he won 11 college golf tournaments, which is second in school history, behind only Phil Mickelson's 16 collegiate wins. | Arizona State University | null | null | null | 12186 |
null | open_qa | Who wrote the book "The 7 Habits of Highly Effective Families" ? | Stephen R. Covey | null | null | null | 12187 |
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null | closed_qa | Based on this paragrah, what indie band released the album "Popsicle"? | Popsicle is an alternative rock album by indie band Diamond Nights, released in 2005. The song "The Girl's Attractive" was featured in a 2006 Jaguar and an Austrian beer (Stiegl) advertisement, as well on the "Thirst" and "Nicodemus" episodes of the TV drama Smallville, and was included on its second Soundtrack The Metropolis Mix . | Diamond Nights | null | null | null | 12188 |
null | information_extraction | Using the following text, extract the last 3 CEO's. Place them in a bullet list in order of current to least current. | Governors/Chief Executive Officers
The following individuals have been appointed to serve as chief executive of the Commonwealth Bank of Australia, or precursor titles:
Order Name Title Term start Term end Time in office
1 Sir Denison Miller KCMG Governor June 1912 June 1923 11 years, 29 days
2 James Kell June 1923 October 1926 3 years, 122 days
3 Sir Ernest Riddle October 1926 February 1938 11 years, 121 days
4 Sir Harry Sheehan CBE March 1938 March 1941 3 years, 0 days
5 Hugh Traill Armitage CMG July 1941 December 1948 7 years, 183 days
6 Dr H. C. Coombs January 1949 January 1960 11 years, 0 days
7 Ernest Richardson CBE Managing Director January 1960 March 1965 5 years, 89 days
8 Sir Bede Callaghan CBE May 1965 August 1976 11 years, 92 days
9 Sir Ronald Elliott August 1976 August 1981 5 years, 0 days
10 Vern Christie AO August 1981 March 1987 5 years, 212 days
11 Donald Sanders AO CB March 1987 December 1990 3 years, 275 days
Chief Executive Officer January 1991 June 1992 1 year, 181 days
12 David Murray AO June 1992 September 2005 13 years, 92 days
13 Sir Ralph Norris KNZM September 2005 November 2011 6 years, 29 days
14 Ian Narev December 2011 April 2018 11 years, 119 days
15 Matt Comyn April 2018 incumbent 4 years, 355 days | * Matt Comyn - Current / Incumbent since April 2018
* Ian Narev - December 2011 to April 2018
* Sir Ralph Norris KNZM - September 2005 to November 2011
* David Murray AO - June 1992 to September 2005 | null | null | null | 12189 |
null | general_qa | How do you call the Arkansas Razorbacks? | The individual starts with their arms stretched out near waist, and slowly raise them while doing jazz fingers all while saying "wooooooo" then once your arms are above your head you say "pig sooie." Reset your hands to your waist and two more times, but on the third time, after you say "pig sooie" you also say "razorbacks!" | null | null | null | 12190 |
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null | open_qa | What is a speedrun in video games? | In gaming, a speedrun is the task of playing a game, or a section of a game, with the goal of completing it as quickly as possible. While there are many categories of speedrunning, they often include strategy, planned routes, or even glitches to get to the end credits of the game in the shortest possible time. | null | null | null | 12191 |
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null | open_qa | What is GraphQL? | GraphQL is an open-source data query language and data manipulation language for APIs, and a query runtime engine. | null | null | null | 12192 |
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null | brainstorming | How can you answer questions like "Are certain kinds of storms responsible to drive certain type of disease related group (DRG) admits?"? | Answering questions like this would require using data and statistical analysis of the data. You would need to collect storm data for a given location and combine it with the hospital visits data for the period before and after the storm and simply plot the correlation between each storm and the type of admits in the hospital around the same period. The findings must be validated by performing the similar analysis on data from another time period or a geographical location with similar characteristics. | null | null | null | 12193 |
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null | closed_qa | Manchester of South India ? | Coimbatore, also spelt as Koyamputhur[note 1] (Tamil pronunciation: [koːjambʊt̪ːuːɾ]), sometimes shortened as Kovai (IPA: ), is one of the major metropolitan cities in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located on the banks of the Noyyal River and surrounded by the Western Ghats. Coimbatore is the second largest city in Tamil Nadu after Chennai in terms of population and the 16th largest urban agglomeration in India as per the census 2011. It is administered by the Coimbatore Municipal Corporation and is the administrative capital of Coimbatore District. In 1981, Coimbatore formed as the third municipal corporation in Tamil Nadu after Chennai and Madurai. Podanur Junction is the oldest railway station in Coimbatore City. The city is one of the largest exporters of jewellery, wet grinders, poultry and auto components; the "Coimbatore Wet Grinder" and the "Kovai Cora Cotton" are recognised as Geographical Indications by the Government of India. Being a hub of textile industry in South India, the city is sometimes referred to as the "Manchester of South India". It was ranked the 7th best city in India in the Ease of Living index 2020. | Coimbatore | null | null | null | 12194 |
null | brainstorming | Let me know some different ways that someone can get healthier. | Healthy habits are incremental, so making small changes every day can make a difference over time. Some ideas in which to be healthier include drinking more water each day, as most people do not consume enough water. You could also try to increase your activity and maybe schedule 30 minutes of cardiovascular exercise each day. Try to eat more whole-foods that include fruit and vegetables and avoid processed foods and of course, at least 7 hours of sleep each night is important for full recovery. | null | null | null | 12195 |
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null | classification | Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Repique, Neola | Neola is string, Repique is percussion. | null | null | null | 12196 |
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null | open_qa | why am I required to do onboarding training? | Company onboarding training is important because it lets you get familiar with company rules and company culture. Onboarding training teaches rules to prevent harassment at work. It teaches you what the company cultural values are. It teaches you how to interact with your co-workers and what kind of behavior is acceptable and not acceptable. It also teaches you the value of diversity and inclusion and why its so important. | null | null | null | 12197 |
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null | information_extraction | Extract the shows that Bini the Bunny was featured. Separate them with a comma. | Bini the Bunny is a rabbit, known for a series of videos posted on the internet. Bini is a 10-year-old male Holland Lop rabbit, referred to by the media and fans as the only rabbit in the world who can paint, play basketball, play the guitar/piano and comb and style hair. As of 2017, Bini and his owner, Shai (Asor) Lighter are Guinness Book of World Record holders for the most slam dunks by a rabbit in one minute. Bini's most popular video with over 20 million views was created in 2016, titled "When Your Bunny is Addicted to Arcade Games". Bini's social pages have more than 1 million followers. Bini was featured in various TV shows including The Tonight Show with Jimmy Fallon, two Netflix originals, and participated in America's Got Talent. | The Tonight Show with Jimmy Fallon, two Netflix originals, America's Got Talent. | null | null | null | 12198 |
null | open_qa | Do all dog breeds have long tails? | Dogs naturally have a variety of tail lengths, ranging from long to short to stubs | null | null | null | 12199 |
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