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msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4714745#5_6744633 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/HubPages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=05Results | 13th Amendment Site | the New York World was a Democratic newspaper.) The political debates in the former Confederate states expressed disgruntlement over abolishing slavery and were filled with overtly racist language concerning the rights of the freed slaves. In the October 10 issue of Harper’s Weekly, Curtis was gratified that South Carolina’s provisional governor, Benjamin Franklin Perry, admitted that slavery was dead, but the editor expressed dismay over the governor’s comment that “this is a white man’s government, and intended for white men only.” Curtis, a longtime advocate of abolition and civil rights for black Americans, pleaded “only for equal justice for all men, since it is demonstrated that the Union can stand on no other foundation.” The next week, he criticized the Alabama constitutional convention for only reluctantly abolishing slavery in the proposed state constitution, not endorsing the Thirteenth Amendment, and for limiting the political class to white men only. ( The Alabama state legislature later ratified the Thirteenth Amendment on December 2, 1865.) The concern that the Southern states undergoing Reconstruction were electing the very men who had led the Confederacy was expressed in a Harper’s Weekly cartoon . In it, President Johnson warns a Virginia ex-Rebel that the federal government will ensure that blacks will be treated fairly. The sullen Virginian has his foot on a “Parole of Honor” and the “Constitutional Amendment,” while a white man whips a black man in the background. ( At that point, Harper’s Weekly was supporting the Johnson administration, but would later call for his impeachment.) | 4,091 | 5,717 |
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4714745#6_6746578 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/HubPages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=05Results | 13th Amendment Site | The Alabama state legislature later ratified the Thirteenth Amendment on December 2, 1865.) The concern that the Southern states undergoing Reconstruction were electing the very men who had led the Confederacy was expressed in a Harper’s Weekly cartoon . In it, President Johnson warns a Virginia ex-Rebel that the federal government will ensure that blacks will be treated fairly. The sullen Virginian has his foot on a “Parole of Honor” and the “Constitutional Amendment,” while a white man whips a black man in the background. ( At that point, Harper’s Weekly was supporting the Johnson administration, but would later call for his impeachment.) A post-election cartoon in November 1865 focused its disdain on Democrats in the northern state of New Jersey, which had defeated ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment earlier in the year. The cartoon addressed the fear spread by opponents of the Thirteenth Amendment (as previously against the Emancipation Proclamation) that it would lead to black migration northward and racial intermarriage (miscegenation). ( Some states imposed poll taxes on certain classes of voters before they could cast their ballots. While the cartoon reveals that it was single men in New Jersey, the poll tax was later used widely in the South to discriminate against black voters until it was made unconstitutional by the Twenty-Fourth Amendment in 1964.) Since the Union ticket—Republicans and some War Democrats—had been victorious in the fall 1864 election in New Jersey, the new state legislature ratified the Thirteenth Amendment on January 23, 1866, after the measure had become part of the U.S. Constitution. | 5,070 | 6,716 |
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4714745#7_6748513 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/HubPages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=05Results | 13th Amendment Site | A post-election cartoon in November 1865 focused its disdain on Democrats in the northern state of New Jersey, which had defeated ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment earlier in the year. The cartoon addressed the fear spread by opponents of the Thirteenth Amendment (as previously against the Emancipation Proclamation) that it would lead to black migration northward and racial intermarriage (miscegenation). ( Some states imposed poll taxes on certain classes of voters before they could cast their ballots. While the cartoon reveals that it was single men in New Jersey, the poll tax was later used widely in the South to discriminate against black voters until it was made unconstitutional by the Twenty-Fourth Amendment in 1964.) Since the Union ticket—Republicans and some War Democrats—had been victorious in the fall 1864 election in New Jersey, the new state legislature ratified the Thirteenth Amendment on January 23, 1866, after the measure had become part of the U.S. Constitution. The November 4, 1865 issue of Harper’s Weekly listed the dates when each state had ratified the Thirteenth Amendment. ( It incorrectly included Iowa, which did not ratify until January 15, 1866, and New Hampshire’s ratification is often listed as July 1, 1865, rather than June 30.) In the late autumn of 1865, four of the former Confederate states approved the Thirteenth Amendment—South Carolina on November 13, Alabama on December 2, North Carolina on December 4, and Georgia on December 6—to give it the constitutionally required approval by three-quarters of the states (27 of 36). On December 18, 1865, Secretary of State William Henry Seward declared it officially ratified and part of the United States Constitution. ( That same day, former Congressman Thomas Corwin, author of the original, unratified and pro-slavery, Thirteenth Amendment died in Washington, D.C.) Of the former Confederate states, all but Florida, Texas, and Mississippi had ratified the Thirteenth Amendment before it officially became part of the U.S. Constitution on December 18, 1865. | 5,717 | 7,781 |
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4714745#8_6750856 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/HubPages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=05Results | 13th Amendment Site | The November 4, 1865 issue of Harper’s Weekly listed the dates when each state had ratified the Thirteenth Amendment. ( It incorrectly included Iowa, which did not ratify until January 15, 1866, and New Hampshire’s ratification is often listed as July 1, 1865, rather than June 30.) In the late autumn of 1865, four of the former Confederate states approved the Thirteenth Amendment—South Carolina on November 13, Alabama on December 2, North Carolina on December 4, and Georgia on December 6—to give it the constitutionally required approval by three-quarters of the states (27 of 36). On December 18, 1865, Secretary of State William Henry Seward declared it officially ratified and part of the United States Constitution. ( That same day, former Congressman Thomas Corwin, author of the original, unratified and pro-slavery, Thirteenth Amendment died in Washington, D.C.) Of the former Confederate states, all but Florida, Texas, and Mississippi had ratified the Thirteenth Amendment before it officially became part of the U.S. Constitution on December 18, 1865. Florida ratified it on December 28, 1865; Texas on February 18, 1870; and Mississippi never ratified it. Many politicians in the South, their Northern allies, and members of the Johnson administration expected that ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment would largely end federal intervention in the states of the former Confederacy. However, there had been voices, such as that of Harper’s Weekly editor George William Curtis, raised in protest over the refusal of states undergoing Johnson’s Reconstruction program to grant basic civil rights to the newly freed slaves. | 6,716 | 8,355 |
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4714745#9_6752773 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/HubPages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=05Results | 13th Amendment Site | Florida ratified it on December 28, 1865; Texas on February 18, 1870; and Mississippi never ratified it. Many politicians in the South, their Northern allies, and members of the Johnson administration expected that ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment would largely end federal intervention in the states of the former Confederacy. However, there had been voices, such as that of Harper’s Weekly editor George William Curtis, raised in protest over the refusal of states undergoing Johnson’s Reconstruction program to grant basic civil rights to the newly freed slaves. Blacks Americans themselves had already been agitating for federal legislation to grant them citizenship and voting rights, which was denied them in Southern states and in many Northern states, as well. In mid-February 1865, only two weeks after the U.S. House passed the Thirteenth Amendment, the Reverend Henry Highland Garnet became the first black person to address the United States Congress. He praised the abolition amendment, but also took the opportunity to call for its completion through adoption of equal rights measures. He later became the U.S. minister to the African nation of Liberia. ( Harper’s Weekly added an extra “s” to his last name.) | 7,782 | 9,013 |
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4714745#10_6754276 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/HubPages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=05Results | 13th Amendment Site | Blacks Americans themselves had already been agitating for federal legislation to grant them citizenship and voting rights, which was denied them in Southern states and in many Northern states, as well. In mid-February 1865, only two weeks after the U.S. House passed the Thirteenth Amendment, the Reverend Henry Highland Garnet became the first black person to address the United States Congress. He praised the abolition amendment, but also took the opportunity to call for its completion through adoption of equal rights measures. He later became the U.S. minister to the African nation of Liberia. ( Harper’s Weekly added an extra “s” to his last name.) When Congress reconvened in December 1865, it refused to seat the elected representatives and senators from the South, and soon began an extended struggle with President Andrew Johnson over the content and control of Reconstruction. Part of that political battle would include fights over the adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment, which granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and the Fifteenth Amendment, which protected voting rights from being denied on the basis of “race, color, or previous condition of servitude.” Harper's Weekly References
1) July 8, 1865, p. 418, c. 2-3
editorial, “The Public Safety”
2) October 7, 1865, p. 626, c. 2
editorial, “South Carolina Convention”
3) October 14, 1865, p. 642, c. 2-3
editorial, “Alabama”
4) August 19, 1865, p. 528
cartoon, “The Virginia Elections”
5) November 25, 1865, p. 752
cartoon, “The Election in New Jersey”
6) November 4, 1865, p. 691, c. 4
Domestic Intelligence, “The Constitutiona | 8,355 | 10,000 |
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4725647#0_6756257 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/HubPages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=06Bios18 | 13th Amendment Site | 13th Amendment Site
Charles Sumner
(January 6, 1811–March 11, 1874)
C harles Sumner was a U.S. senator, abolitionist, and civil rights advocate. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts, to Relief Jacob Sumner and Charles Pinckney Sumner, a sheriff and lawyer. In 1830, he graduated from Harvard and entered Harvard Law School, studying under U.S. Supreme Court Justice Joseph Story, who became his legal mentor. Sumner practiced law during 1835-1837, but, although he loved the intellectual aspect of the law, he had no affinity for its everyday practice. He also became an opponent of slavery at that time. In the late 1830s, he spent almost two-and-a-half years in Europe, studying its languages, cultures, and governments. In 1840, Sumner returned to Boston where he became involved in several reform movements: public education, prisons, and antiwar (including opposition to the Mexican War). Most of all, he lent his time and considerable talents to the antislavery movement. In politics, he sided first with the “Conscience” Whigs, who opposed both slavery and the accommodating views of the “Cotton” Whigs, and then he helped form the Free Soil Party in the 1848 election year. | 0 | 1,201 |
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4725647#1_6757749 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/HubPages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=06Bios18 | 13th Amendment Site | In the late 1830s, he spent almost two-and-a-half years in Europe, studying its languages, cultures, and governments. In 1840, Sumner returned to Boston where he became involved in several reform movements: public education, prisons, and antiwar (including opposition to the Mexican War). Most of all, he lent his time and considerable talents to the antislavery movement. In politics, he sided first with the “Conscience” Whigs, who opposed both slavery and the accommodating views of the “Cotton” Whigs, and then he helped form the Free Soil Party in the 1848 election year. He spoke out against “the lords of the lash and lords of the loom”; that is, the financial ties between Southern slaveowners and Northern industrialists. He also worked to defeat racial discrimination in the North. In 1849, he represented in court a group trying (unsuccessfully as it turned out) to integrate the public schools in Boston. In 1851, a coalition in the Massachusetts legislature of Free Soilers and Democrats elected Sumner to fill the U.S. Senate seat of Daniel Webster, who had resigned to become secretary of state. | 625 | 1,735 |
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4725647#2_6759134 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/HubPages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=06Bios18 | 13th Amendment Site | He spoke out against “the lords of the lash and lords of the loom”; that is, the financial ties between Southern slaveowners and Northern industrialists. He also worked to defeat racial discrimination in the North. In 1849, he represented in court a group trying (unsuccessfully as it turned out) to integrate the public schools in Boston. In 1851, a coalition in the Massachusetts legislature of Free Soilers and Democrats elected Sumner to fill the U.S. Senate seat of Daniel Webster, who had resigned to become secretary of state. An opponent of the Compromise of 1850, Sumner tried to repeal its Fugitive Slave Act. He argued that the intention of the constitutional framers had been to leave the states as the “guardians of Personal Liberty”; therefore, forcing state governments to cooperate in the return of runaway slaves was unconstitutional. His talent for oratory quickly made him the major antislavery voice in the Senate. After Congress opened the Western territories to the possibility of slavery in the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, Sumner joined other Free-Soil Democrats and Conscience Whigs to establish the antislavery Republican Party. | 1,202 | 2,356 |
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4725647#3_6760554 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/HubPages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=06Bios18 | 13th Amendment Site | An opponent of the Compromise of 1850, Sumner tried to repeal its Fugitive Slave Act. He argued that the intention of the constitutional framers had been to leave the states as the “guardians of Personal Liberty”; therefore, forcing state governments to cooperate in the return of runaway slaves was unconstitutional. His talent for oratory quickly made him the major antislavery voice in the Senate. After Congress opened the Western territories to the possibility of slavery in the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, Sumner joined other Free-Soil Democrats and Conscience Whigs to establish the antislavery Republican Party. When Kansas became embroiled in violence between pro- and anti-slavery forces, Sumner delivered a stinging attack from the floor of the Senate. His speech—“The Crime against Kansas”—used vitriolic rhetoric, focusing particular venom on fellow-Senator Andrew Butler of South Carolina who was tarred as “mistress” to the “harlot Slavery.” In retaliation, Butler’s nephew, Congressman Preston Brooks, found Sumner seated at his desk on the Senate floor and beat the senator unconscious with his cane. The incident raised Sumner to the status of antislavery martyr. He was absent from the Senate for over three years, yet Massachusetts refused to fill his position. | 1,736 | 3,018 |
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4725647#4_6762137 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/HubPages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=06Bios18 | 13th Amendment Site | When Kansas became embroiled in violence between pro- and anti-slavery forces, Sumner delivered a stinging attack from the floor of the Senate. His speech—“The Crime against Kansas”—used vitriolic rhetoric, focusing particular venom on fellow-Senator Andrew Butler of South Carolina who was tarred as “mistress” to the “harlot Slavery.” In retaliation, Butler’s nephew, Congressman Preston Brooks, found Sumner seated at his desk on the Senate floor and beat the senator unconscious with his cane. The incident raised Sumner to the status of antislavery martyr. He was absent from the Senate for over three years, yet Massachusetts refused to fill his position. Butler, meanwhile, became a hero to many in the South for upholding the honor of his family and region. Returning to the Senate in 1859, Sumner continued where he left off with a four-hour antislavery harangue, “The Barbarism of Slavery.” At the onset of the Civil War Sumner began pushing for emancipation of the slaves. While lobbying President Abraham Lincoln for sweeping action, he drafted legislation that undermined the institution incrementally. The senator also helped convince the president to use black troops in the Union war effort. | 2,356 | 3,564 |
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4725647#5_6763645 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/HubPages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=06Bios18 | 13th Amendment Site | Butler, meanwhile, became a hero to many in the South for upholding the honor of his family and region. Returning to the Senate in 1859, Sumner continued where he left off with a four-hour antislavery harangue, “The Barbarism of Slavery.” At the onset of the Civil War Sumner began pushing for emancipation of the slaves. While lobbying President Abraham Lincoln for sweeping action, he drafted legislation that undermined the institution incrementally. The senator also helped convince the president to use black troops in the Union war effort. As chair of the important Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Sumner sparred with Secretary of State William Henry Seward for control of the administration’s foreign policy. On the issue of Reconstruction, Sumner was a radical who pushed for treating the former Confederate territory as conquered land to which the federal government could dictate with few restrictions. He was dissatisfied with Lincoln’s mild reconstruction proposals and later became the chief adversary of President Andrew Johnson’s policies, leading the call for the latter’s impeachment (successfully) and removal (unsuccessfully). Sumner, a key spokesman for the African-American community, drafted or sponsored the major civil rights legislation of the period. Sumner stood firm against the expansionist and interventionist foreign policy of Republican President Ulysses S. Grant (1869-1877). | 3,019 | 4,431 |
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4725647#6_6765333 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/HubPages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=06Bios18 | 13th Amendment Site | As chair of the important Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Sumner sparred with Secretary of State William Henry Seward for control of the administration’s foreign policy. On the issue of Reconstruction, Sumner was a radical who pushed for treating the former Confederate territory as conquered land to which the federal government could dictate with few restrictions. He was dissatisfied with Lincoln’s mild reconstruction proposals and later became the chief adversary of President Andrew Johnson’s policies, leading the call for the latter’s impeachment (successfully) and removal (unsuccessfully). Sumner, a key spokesman for the African-American community, drafted or sponsored the major civil rights legislation of the period. Sumner stood firm against the expansionist and interventionist foreign policy of Republican President Ulysses S. Grant (1869-1877). He used his chairmanship of the Foreign Relations Committee to stop the Grant administration’s planned annexation of Santo Domingo and its formal recognition of the Cuban faction rebelling against Spanish rule. In response, the Grant administration orchestrated Sumner’s removal as the committee’s chair. Previously a harsh critic of Britain’s pro-Confederate policies, the Senator sought retribution through a forced cession of Canada from Britain to the United States. Secretary of State Hamilton Fish blocked that effort, compelling the senator to accept the (1870) Washington Treaty’s stipulation of monetary damages extracted from Britain. Disgruntled not only by Grant’s foreign policy, but by the president’s hesitancy on desired liberal reforms, such as a merit bureaucracy, and by the administration’s apparent corruption, Sumner reluctantly joined the Liberal Republican movement in 1872. | 3,565 | 5,330 |
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4725647#7_6767404 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/HubPages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=06Bios18 | 13th Amendment Site | He used his chairmanship of the Foreign Relations Committee to stop the Grant administration’s planned annexation of Santo Domingo and its formal recognition of the Cuban faction rebelling against Spanish rule. In response, the Grant administration orchestrated Sumner’s removal as the committee’s chair. Previously a harsh critic of Britain’s pro-Confederate policies, the Senator sought retribution through a forced cession of Canada from Britain to the United States. Secretary of State Hamilton Fish blocked that effort, compelling the senator to accept the (1870) Washington Treaty’s stipulation of monetary damages extracted from Britain. Disgruntled not only by Grant’s foreign policy, but by the president’s hesitancy on desired liberal reforms, such as a merit bureaucracy, and by the administration’s apparent corruption, Sumner reluctantly joined the Liberal Republican movement in 1872. In May a convention of Liberal Republicans nominated maverick newspaper editor Horace Greeley for president. A few months later, the desperate Democrats also endorsed Greeley, who was soundly defeated by Grant that November. After the election, Sumner continued to use his Senate seat to work for racial equality. In every session of Congress since 1870 he had introduced a civil rights bill to outlaw racial discrimination in public accommodations. Finally, shortly after his death, the outgoing Republican Congress passed a watered-down version of his bill as the Civil Rights Act of 1875. | 4,432 | 5,922 |
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4725647#8_6769180 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/HubPages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=06Bios18 | 13th Amendment Site | In May a convention of Liberal Republicans nominated maverick newspaper editor Horace Greeley for president. A few months later, the desperate Democrats also endorsed Greeley, who was soundly defeated by Grant that November. After the election, Sumner continued to use his Senate seat to work for racial equality. In every session of Congress since 1870 he had introduced a civil rights bill to outlaw racial discrimination in public accommodations. Finally, shortly after his death, the outgoing Republican Congress passed a watered-down version of his bill as the Civil Rights Act of 1875. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled the law unconstitutional in 1883. Sumner had married Alice Mason Hopper in 1866, when he was 55 years old; the couple had no children and divorced less than two years later. Charles Sumner died at his Washington, D.C., home on March 11, 1874. | 5,331 | 6,194 |
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4732226#0_6770289 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/hubpages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=05ProposalPassage | 13th Amendment Site |
1) To the “Crittenden Compromise” section of the commentary | 13th Amendment Site
Congressional Proposals and Senate Passage // The Election of 1864
Passage by the House // Ratification and Results
W hile President Lincoln promised to uphold the Emancipation Proclamation and other wartime emancipation measures, Congress took steps to ensure that the institution of slavery was abolished permanently in all the states. In order to make certain that future enslavement did not occur and to protect emancipation from modification or nullification by any president, Congress, Supreme Court, or state government, advocates of abolition concluded that a constitutional amendment was necessary. Amending the U.S. Constitution was an uncommon occurrence. The then-current twelve amendments had all been adopted within the first 15 years of the republic operating under the Constitution: the first ten—the Bill of Rights—were ratified in 1791, the Eleventh in 1795, and the Twelfth in 1804. In the Antebellum Era (the decades before the Civil War), several amendments protecting slavery were proposed, but very few were suggested for abolishing the institution. Many Antebellum Americans on both sides of the slavery question revered the Constitution as it was and saw only the need to interpret it correctly (however they defined that), not to change it. The secession crisis of December 1860–March 1861 finally prompted Americans to consider more seriously the amendment option. However, as in the Antebellum Era, virtually all of the proposals during the secession crisis protected slavery. The Civil War gradually increased the percentage of white Northerners who favored abolition, whether as an act of military necessity, revenge on the South, or moral justice. | 0 | 1,717 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4732226#1_6772364 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/hubpages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=05ProposalPassage | 13th Amendment Site |
1) To the “Crittenden Compromise” section of the commentary | In the Antebellum Era (the decades before the Civil War), several amendments protecting slavery were proposed, but very few were suggested for abolishing the institution. Many Antebellum Americans on both sides of the slavery question revered the Constitution as it was and saw only the need to interpret it correctly (however they defined that), not to change it. The secession crisis of December 1860–March 1861 finally prompted Americans to consider more seriously the amendment option. However, as in the Antebellum Era, virtually all of the proposals during the secession crisis protected slavery. The Civil War gradually increased the percentage of white Northerners who favored abolition, whether as an act of military necessity, revenge on the South, or moral justice. On December 14, 1863, Congressman James Ashley, Republican of Ohio, introduced a bill in support of a constitutional amendment to prohibit slavery in the entire United States. It was the first antislavery amendment proposed by a congressman since John Quincy Adams in 1839. Soon after, Congressman James Wilson, Republican of Iowa, introduced a similar proposal to end slavery by constitutional amendment. At first, there was little press attention to the issue, even though there was a popular surge in various organizations petitioning Congress in the winter of 1863-1864 favoring some type of abolition amendment. Congressional actions detailed each week in the “Domestic Intelligence” column of Harper’s Weekly contained references to petitions for abolishing slavery nationwide, but did not mention either Ashley’s or Wilson’s proposed abolition amendment. | 941 | 2,579 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4732226#2_6774355 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/hubpages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=05ProposalPassage | 13th Amendment Site |
1) To the “Crittenden Compromise” section of the commentary | On December 14, 1863, Congressman James Ashley, Republican of Ohio, introduced a bill in support of a constitutional amendment to prohibit slavery in the entire United States. It was the first antislavery amendment proposed by a congressman since John Quincy Adams in 1839. Soon after, Congressman James Wilson, Republican of Iowa, introduced a similar proposal to end slavery by constitutional amendment. At first, there was little press attention to the issue, even though there was a popular surge in various organizations petitioning Congress in the winter of 1863-1864 favoring some type of abolition amendment. Congressional actions detailed each week in the “Domestic Intelligence” column of Harper’s Weekly contained references to petitions for abolishing slavery nationwide, but did not mention either Ashley’s or Wilson’s proposed abolition amendment. Although opposition to slavery was associated with the Republican Party, a faction of War Democrats not only supported wartime emancipation policies but also became favorable to a constitutional amendment abolishing the institution. On January 11, 1864, Senator John Henderson of Missouri, a War Democrat, submitted a joint resolution for a constitutional amendment abolishing slavery. The Senate Judiciary Committee, headed by Illinois Republican Lyman Trumbull, began considering the various versions of the abolition amendment. On February 8, Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts, a leading Radical Republican, submitted a constitutional amendment to not only abolish slavery but also guarantee equality under the law. Two days later, spurred partly in reaction to Sumner’s more radical proposal, the Senate Judiciary Committee reported to the full Senate an abolition amendment combining the drafts by Ashley, Wilson, and Henderson. | 1,718 | 3,519 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4732226#3_6776510 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/hubpages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=05ProposalPassage | 13th Amendment Site |
1) To the “Crittenden Compromise” section of the commentary | Although opposition to slavery was associated with the Republican Party, a faction of War Democrats not only supported wartime emancipation policies but also became favorable to a constitutional amendment abolishing the institution. On January 11, 1864, Senator John Henderson of Missouri, a War Democrat, submitted a joint resolution for a constitutional amendment abolishing slavery. The Senate Judiciary Committee, headed by Illinois Republican Lyman Trumbull, began considering the various versions of the abolition amendment. On February 8, Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts, a leading Radical Republican, submitted a constitutional amendment to not only abolish slavery but also guarantee equality under the law. Two days later, spurred partly in reaction to Sumner’s more radical proposal, the Senate Judiciary Committee reported to the full Senate an abolition amendment combining the drafts by Ashley, Wilson, and Henderson. In the February 27, 1864 issue of Harper’s Weekly (published February 17), editor George William Curtis argued that had Senator Stephen Douglas lived, he would have endorsed amending the Constitution to abolish slavery. Douglas had authored the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, which had opened the Western territories to slavery, and he had been the presidential nominee of the Northern wing of the Democratic Party in 1860. He had strongly opposed secession and backed the Union once the Civil War began. He died on June 3, 1861. The last paragraphs of the editorial harshly criticized Peace Democrats, such as Clement Vallandigham and Fernando Wood, who advocated a truce and negotiated settlement with the Confederacy. | 2,579 | 4,238 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4732226#4_6778502 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/hubpages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=05ProposalPassage | 13th Amendment Site |
1) To the “Crittenden Compromise” section of the commentary | In the February 27, 1864 issue of Harper’s Weekly (published February 17), editor George William Curtis argued that had Senator Stephen Douglas lived, he would have endorsed amending the Constitution to abolish slavery. Douglas had authored the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, which had opened the Western territories to slavery, and he had been the presidential nominee of the Northern wing of the Democratic Party in 1860. He had strongly opposed secession and backed the Union once the Civil War began. He died on June 3, 1861. The last paragraphs of the editorial harshly criticized Peace Democrats, such as Clement Vallandigham and Fernando Wood, who advocated a truce and negotiated settlement with the Confederacy. In fact, in mid- and late-February, the proposed Thirteenth Amendment was endorsed by some prominent War Democrats, including New York Herald publisher James Gordon Bennett Sr., who called for the Democratic Party to embark on a “new departure” by shedding its pro-slavery image; Senator Reverdy Johnson of Maryland, a former U.S. Attorney General; and, as expected, Senator John Henderson of Missouri, whose own draft had influenced the final committee version. It was the respected Reverdy Johnson’s endorsement that first made the press begin paying closer attention to the proposed abolition amendment. | 3,519 | 4,845 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4732226#5_6780171 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/hubpages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=05ProposalPassage | 13th Amendment Site |
1) To the “Crittenden Compromise” section of the commentary | In fact, in mid- and late-February, the proposed Thirteenth Amendment was endorsed by some prominent War Democrats, including New York Herald publisher James Gordon Bennett Sr., who called for the Democratic Party to embark on a “new departure” by shedding its pro-slavery image; Senator Reverdy Johnson of Maryland, a former U.S. Attorney General; and, as expected, Senator John Henderson of Missouri, whose own draft had influenced the final committee version. It was the respected Reverdy Johnson’s endorsement that first made the press begin paying closer attention to the proposed abolition amendment. On February 18, Congressman James Brooks of New York became the first notable Peace Democrat to back the Thirteenth Amendment (although he later changed his position and opposed it by the end of the year). In the March 12, 1864 issue (published March 2), editor Curtis agreed with Brooks’s conclusion that slavery must be ended. The Harper’s Weekly commentary listed euphemisms used to avoid the word “slavery” and hide the cruelty of the institution. Such polite but misleading expressions included “persons held in labor,” “involuntary servitude,” and, in a recent joint resolution of the Confederate Congress, “the selected type of social characteristics.” Curtis combined the euphemism of “selected type” and Brooks’s remark that slavery had been “thrown into pi” for the clever title of his editorial, “Type in Pi.” | 4,238 | 5,666 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4732226#6_6782022 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/hubpages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=05ProposalPassage | 13th Amendment Site |
1) To the “Crittenden Compromise” section of the commentary | On February 18, Congressman James Brooks of New York became the first notable Peace Democrat to back the Thirteenth Amendment (although he later changed his position and opposed it by the end of the year). In the March 12, 1864 issue (published March 2), editor Curtis agreed with Brooks’s conclusion that slavery must be ended. The Harper’s Weekly commentary listed euphemisms used to avoid the word “slavery” and hide the cruelty of the institution. Such polite but misleading expressions included “persons held in labor,” “involuntary servitude,” and, in a recent joint resolution of the Confederate Congress, “the selected type of social characteristics.” Curtis combined the euphemism of “selected type” and Brooks’s remark that slavery had been “thrown into pi” for the clever title of his editorial, “Type in Pi.” The title and Brooks’s phrase both referred to printing jargon for being or becoming jumbled, confused, or chaotic. Not only were some Democrats becoming favorable toward abolition, but public sentiment in the Border States was also moving in that direction. In January 1864, Senator Henderson of Missouri had proposed his federal abolition amendment; in February, the Maryland electorate voted to hold a state convention for drafting an antislavery constitution; and in March, voters in the new state of West Virginia approved a constitution granting gradual emancipation there. | 4,846 | 6,246 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4732226#7_6783836 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/hubpages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=05ProposalPassage | 13th Amendment Site |
1) To the “Crittenden Compromise” section of the commentary | The title and Brooks’s phrase both referred to printing jargon for being or becoming jumbled, confused, or chaotic. Not only were some Democrats becoming favorable toward abolition, but public sentiment in the Border States was also moving in that direction. In January 1864, Senator Henderson of Missouri had proposed his federal abolition amendment; in February, the Maryland electorate voted to hold a state convention for drafting an antislavery constitution; and in March, voters in the new state of West Virginia approved a constitution granting gradual emancipation there. Nevertheless, a few Republicans and a majority of Democrats in the U.S. House remained unconvinced of the worth of an abolition amendment. On February 15, 1864, the first House vote on the proposed Thirteenth Amendment fell far short of the necessary two-thirds majority, 78-62. Only 1 Democrat voted for it and 52 were opposed, while only 2 Republicans voted against it and 66 were in favor. Congressmen independent of the two major parties fell into two groups—Union and Unconditional Union. The Unconditional Union men voted 10-1 in favor of the proposed Thirteenth Amendment, while the Union men were 7-1 against. | 5,667 | 6,864 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4732226#8_6785367 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/hubpages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=05ProposalPassage | 13th Amendment Site |
1) To the “Crittenden Compromise” section of the commentary | Nevertheless, a few Republicans and a majority of Democrats in the U.S. House remained unconvinced of the worth of an abolition amendment. On February 15, 1864, the first House vote on the proposed Thirteenth Amendment fell far short of the necessary two-thirds majority, 78-62. Only 1 Democrat voted for it and 52 were opposed, while only 2 Republicans voted against it and 66 were in favor. Congressmen independent of the two major parties fell into two groups—Union and Unconditional Union. The Unconditional Union men voted 10-1 in favor of the proposed Thirteenth Amendment, while the Union men were 7-1 against. On March 28, a substitute abolition amendment sponsored by Congress Thaddeus Stevens of Pennsylvania, a dedicated abolitionist and leading radical Republican, also fell short of a two-thirds majority. Its language reflected that of the Thirteenth Amendment, but added a section explicitly nullifying the fugitive slave clause of the Constitution. An attempt to remove the fugitive slave clause portion and revote on the abolitionist amendment was interrupted by news of the death of a fellow congressman. An editorial in the April 9, 1864 issue of Harper’s Weekly praised a loyal Democratic state legislator in New York for endorsing a federal abolition amendment, but criticized five Democratic congressmen from New York who voted against Stevens’s version. Editor George William Curtis wondered “Under Which” policy—freedom or slavery—the Democratic Party would rally. | 6,246 | 7,735 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4732226#9_6787214 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/hubpages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=05ProposalPassage | 13th Amendment Site |
1) To the “Crittenden Compromise” section of the commentary | On March 28, a substitute abolition amendment sponsored by Congress Thaddeus Stevens of Pennsylvania, a dedicated abolitionist and leading radical Republican, also fell short of a two-thirds majority. Its language reflected that of the Thirteenth Amendment, but added a section explicitly nullifying the fugitive slave clause of the Constitution. An attempt to remove the fugitive slave clause portion and revote on the abolitionist amendment was interrupted by news of the death of a fellow congressman. An editorial in the April 9, 1864 issue of Harper’s Weekly praised a loyal Democratic state legislator in New York for endorsing a federal abolition amendment, but criticized five Democratic congressmen from New York who voted against Stevens’s version. Editor George William Curtis wondered “Under Which” policy—freedom or slavery—the Democratic Party would rally. On April 8, 1864, the proposed Thirteenth Amendment passed the Senate, 38-6, which was eight votes more than the needed two-thirds majority. All 30 Republicans voted in favor; Democrats were divided with four in favor and five opposed (three were absent); three of the five senators elected on a Union ticket voted for the measure, one against, and two were absent; and, the one Unconditional Union senator voted in the affirmative. | 6,864 | 8,168 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4732226#10_6788871 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/hubpages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=05ProposalPassage | 13th Amendment Site |
1) To the “Crittenden Compromise” section of the commentary | On April 8, 1864, the proposed Thirteenth Amendment passed the Senate, 38-6, which was eight votes more than the needed two-thirds majority. All 30 Republicans voted in favor; Democrats were divided with four in favor and five opposed (three were absent); three of the five senators elected on a Union ticket voted for the measure, one against, and two were absent; and, the one Unconditional Union senator voted in the affirmative. By ignoring the questions of enforcement measures, the role of former Confederate states in the ratification process, and the more thorny issue of equal rights under the law, which Senator Sumner’s proposal had raised, the Thirteenth Amendment was able to attract support from conservative Republicans and War Democrats. In the April 23, 1864 issue of Harper’s Weekly (published April 13), editor George William Curtis focused his commentary on the speeches given by four of the opposing senators. That two were from Kentucky and one from Delaware revealed continuing resistance to emancipation in those Border States, primarily among Peace Democrats, despite greater acceptance of it in Missouri, Maryland, and West Virginia. Curtis concluded that the ultimate adoption of the amendment would make worthwhile the sacrifice, destruction, and the death caused by the Civil War. Harper's Weekly References
1) To the “Crittenden Compromise” section of the commentary
2) January 2, 1864, p. 3, c. 1-2
“Domestic Intelligence” column
3) January 23, 1864, p. 51, c. 2
“Domestic Intelligence” column
4) February 27, 1864, p. 130, c. 4
“Domestic Intelligence” column
5) February 27, 1864, p. 130, c. 3-4
editorial, “The Democratic Party”
6) March 12, 1864, p. 162, c. 4
editorial, “Type in Pi”
7) April 23, 1864, p. 259, c. 4
“Domestic Intelligence” column, “The Spring Elections”
8) February 27, 1864, p. 131, c. 3
“Domestic Intelligence” column
9) April 9, 1864, p. 227, c. 2-3
“Domestic Intelligence” column
10) April 9, 1864, pp. | 7,735 | 9,699 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4732226#11_6791283 | http://13thamendment.harpweek.com/hubpages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=05ProposalPassage | 13th Amendment Site |
1) To the “Crittenden Compromise” section of the commentary | By ignoring the questions of enforcement measures, the role of former Confederate states in the ratification process, and the more thorny issue of equal rights under the law, which Senator Sumner’s proposal had raised, the Thirteenth Amendment was able to attract support from conservative Republicans and War Democrats. In the April 23, 1864 issue of Harper’s Weekly (published April 13), editor George William Curtis focused his commentary on the speeches given by four of the opposing senators. That two were from Kentucky and one from Delaware revealed continuing resistance to emancipation in those Border States, primarily among Peace Democrats, despite greater acceptance of it in Missouri, Maryland, and West Virginia. Curtis concluded that the ultimate adoption of the amendment would make worthwhile the sacrifice, destruction, and the death caused by the Civil War. Harper's Weekly References
1) To the “Crittenden Compromise” section of the commentary
2) January 2, 1864, p. 3, c. 1-2
“Domestic Intelligence” column
3) January 23, 1864, p. 51, c. 2
“Domestic Intelligence” column
4) February 27, 1864, p. 130, c. 4
“Domestic Intelligence” column
5) February 27, 1864, p. 130, c. 3-4
editorial, “The Democratic Party”
6) March 12, 1864, p. 162, c. 4
editorial, “Type in Pi”
7) April 23, 1864, p. 259, c. 4
“Domestic Intelligence” column, “The Spring Elections”
8) February 27, 1864, p. 131, c. 3
“Domestic Intelligence” column
9) April 9, 1864, p. 227, c. 2-3
“Domestic Intelligence” column
10) April 9, 1864, pp. 226 (c.4)-227 (c.1)
editorial, “Under Which?” 11) April 23, 1864, p. 258, c. 4
editorial, “The Amendment to the Constitution”
Congressional Proposals and Senate Passage // The Election of 1864
Passage by the House // Ratification and Results | 8,169 | 9,946 |
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Posted By Dan Greenfield on May 24, 2016 | 103 comments
The straight dope on Justice League #50’s big Bat-moment. (NOTE: I don’t usually trade in spoilers like this but since Friday, so much has been revealed about DC Rebirth before the issue has even come out, that it’s become a runaway train. The DC Universe Rebirth one-shot deals with the Joker “revelation” from Justice League #50 — both issues are out this week — so that’s become fair game. And here we are.) ONE LAST TIME: SPOILER ALERT! —
UPDATED 5/27/16: For a SNEAK PEEK of BATMAN: REBIRTH #1, click here. | 0 | 773 |
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UPDATED 5/27/16: For a SNEAK PEEK of BATMAN: REBIRTH #1, click here. —
Nearly a year after DC first teased the big reveal of the Joker’s identity, we get … another tease. In Justice League #50, we learn that when Batman asked (in JL #42) what the Joker’s “true name” is …
… the all-knowing Mobius Chair told him “there were three.” As in, there might be three Jokers. At least that was Batman’s takeaway. Turns out, the Mobius Chair likes to speak in cryptic riddles on occasion. ( | 672 | 1,186 |
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Nearly a year after DC first teased the big reveal of the Joker’s identity, we get … another tease. In Justice League #50, we learn that when Batman asked (in JL #42) what the Joker’s “true name” is …
… the all-knowing Mobius Chair told him “there were three.” As in, there might be three Jokers. At least that was Batman’s takeaway. Turns out, the Mobius Chair likes to speak in cryptic riddles on occasion. ( Then again, maybe the Chair was being literal and Batman should start looking for a guy named Joe Three, or something.) Sigh. The idea is that maybe the Joker who committed the awful crimes of The Killing Joke, for example, is not be the same guy who tormented Batman during Snyder and Capullo’s run. And that maybe those guys are different from the Joker portrayed decades ago (in real time, mind you). Or something like that. | 773 | 1,613 |
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| Then again, maybe the Chair was being literal and Batman should start looking for a guy named Joe Three, or something.) Sigh. The idea is that maybe the Joker who committed the awful crimes of The Killing Joke, for example, is not be the same guy who tormented Batman during Snyder and Capullo’s run. And that maybe those guys are different from the Joker portrayed decades ago (in real time, mind you). Or something like that. I’m not quite sure what DC is going for here. Are they planning to give us a literal explanation for why the Joker has changed so much in 76 years? He’s gone from homicidal maniac, to gimmick-happy super-thief, and back again. But there’s not a single longtime character on DC’s roster that hasn’t gone through wholesale changes since 1938. So it seems kind of pointless to try to explain the Joker’s behavior this way. | 1,186 | 2,033 |
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| I’m not quite sure what DC is going for here. Are they planning to give us a literal explanation for why the Joker has changed so much in 76 years? He’s gone from homicidal maniac, to gimmick-happy super-thief, and back again. But there’s not a single longtime character on DC’s roster that hasn’t gone through wholesale changes since 1938. So it seems kind of pointless to try to explain the Joker’s behavior this way. Besides, I’ve long preferred the idea that the Joker’s personality changes are due to his particular collection of psychoses. That actually makes sense, if you need some kind of canonical explanation. Or maybe an exploding cigar is just an exploding cigar and this is a face-value story that will reveal a Court of Jokers of some sort. Or maybe this is a bizarre gateway to a story that will explain that the DC Universe is something that just keeps regenerating itself — which, in a very real way, is true. I dunno. | 1,613 | 2,550 |
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| Besides, I’ve long preferred the idea that the Joker’s personality changes are due to his particular collection of psychoses. That actually makes sense, if you need some kind of canonical explanation. Or maybe an exploding cigar is just an exploding cigar and this is a face-value story that will reveal a Court of Jokers of some sort. Or maybe this is a bizarre gateway to a story that will explain that the DC Universe is something that just keeps regenerating itself — which, in a very real way, is true. I dunno. No matter what, Justice League #50 itself feels like a cheat. We as readers were certainly led to believe that this issue was going to give us some kind of affirmative answer. Geoff Johns at WonderCon said that the answer was something people probably wouldn’t expect. He’s right about that. I didn’t expect some half-baked clue left over from “Lost.” | 2,034 | 2,902 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4742833#6_6801860 | http://13thdimension.com/the-jokers-true-name-is-spoiler-alert/ | The JOKER’S ‘True Name’ is … (SPOILER ALERT) | 13th Dimension, Comics, Creators, Culture | The JOKER’S ‘True Name’ is … (SPOILER ALERT)
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| No matter what, Justice League #50 itself feels like a cheat. We as readers were certainly led to believe that this issue was going to give us some kind of affirmative answer. Geoff Johns at WonderCon said that the answer was something people probably wouldn’t expect. He’s right about that. I didn’t expect some half-baked clue left over from “Lost.” I’ve gone on record already ( click here) that it’s perfectly OK for DC to go against decades of established practice by revealing the Joker’s true name — metaphorical or otherwise — because it’s perfectly OK for readers to create their own continuity and ignore bad stories. All I have left to say right now on that score is that DC better have one helluva story up its sleeve. —
MORE — UPDATED 6/4/17: DC may be getting closer to revealing the Joker’s “true name”: Click here! | 2,550 | 3,381 |
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| I’ve gone on record already ( click here) that it’s perfectly OK for DC to go against decades of established practice by revealing the Joker’s true name — metaphorical or otherwise — because it’s perfectly OK for readers to create their own continuity and ignore bad stories. All I have left to say right now on that score is that DC better have one helluva story up its sleeve. —
MORE — UPDATED 6/4/17: DC may be getting closer to revealing the Joker’s “true name”: Click here! —
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About WHAM
WHAM is a NY based station and a ABC Television affiliate owned and operated by Deerfield Media, Inc and receives certain services from an affiliation of Sinclair Broadcast Group. Sinclair Broadcast Group, Inc. is one of the largest and most diversified television broadcasting companies in the country today. Sinclair owns and operates, programs or provides sales services to 163 television stations in 77 markets, after pending transactions. Sinclair's television group reaches approximately 38.7% of US television households and includes FOX, ABC, MyTV, CW, CBS, NBC, Univision and Azteca affiliates. | 209 | 1,020 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4751123#2_6814024 | http://13wham.com/station/contact | Rochester Contact | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News | WHAM | Contact
Contact
Address:
Business Hours:
Main Phone:
Send all press releases to:
About WHAM
WHAM Feedback
Contests:
News Desk:
Sports:
Weather:
Public/Political File
Cindy Schneider:
Closed Captioning Concerns
Paul Stella
Secondary:
Danielle Turner
National Advertising
Jim Joly
Gregg Siegel
SPARKSMB
REMITTANCE ADDRESS
| 585.334.0013
Send all press releases to: [email protected]
About WHAM
WHAM is a NY based station and a ABC Television affiliate owned and operated by Deerfield Media, Inc and receives certain services from an affiliation of Sinclair Broadcast Group. Sinclair Broadcast Group, Inc. is one of the largest and most diversified television broadcasting companies in the country today. Sinclair owns and operates, programs or provides sales services to 163 television stations in 77 markets, after pending transactions. Sinclair's television group reaches approximately 38.7% of US television households and includes FOX, ABC, MyTV, CW, CBS, NBC, Univision and Azteca affiliates. Community Involvement The owner and Sinclair Broadcast Group, LLC. continue to broaden its recruiting outreach by effectively establishing communication with recruiting resources in the broadcasting community, professional organizations, community based organizations and outreach through our corporate and local station job opportunities websites. Examples of the efforts made by stations in this employment unit include an ongoing internship program with regional colleges and high schools. Our department managers attend job fairs at local and regional colleges in an effort to recruit candidates with an interest in a broadcast related field. We have also had numerous local schools come to our station for tours, and our news staff has gone directly to schools to speak to them about careers in Broadcasting. | 348 | 1,834 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4751123#3_6816094 | http://13wham.com/station/contact | Rochester Contact | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News | WHAM | Contact
Contact
Address:
Business Hours:
Main Phone:
Send all press releases to:
About WHAM
WHAM Feedback
Contests:
News Desk:
Sports:
Weather:
Public/Political File
Cindy Schneider:
Closed Captioning Concerns
Paul Stella
Secondary:
Danielle Turner
National Advertising
Jim Joly
Gregg Siegel
SPARKSMB
REMITTANCE ADDRESS
| Community Involvement The owner and Sinclair Broadcast Group, LLC. continue to broaden its recruiting outreach by effectively establishing communication with recruiting resources in the broadcasting community, professional organizations, community based organizations and outreach through our corporate and local station job opportunities websites. Examples of the efforts made by stations in this employment unit include an ongoing internship program with regional colleges and high schools. Our department managers attend job fairs at local and regional colleges in an effort to recruit candidates with an interest in a broadcast related field. We have also had numerous local schools come to our station for tours, and our news staff has gone directly to schools to speak to them about careers in Broadcasting. In addition, our station participates in high school career workshops that introduce broadcasting careers to high school and middle school students. For additional information concerning the outreach efforts undertaken by stations in this employment unit, see link in the footer for the EEO Public File Report. Since the current EEO rules went into effect the station has experienced no notable difficulties in our outreach efforts as of the date of this application. WHAM Feedback
Welcome to WHAM's Feedback Section. If you have any questions, comments, or ideas concerning anything you see on-air on WHAM or on 13wham.com, this is the place to let us know. | 1,020 | 2,493 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4751123#4_6818150 | http://13wham.com/station/contact | Rochester Contact | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News | WHAM | Contact
Contact
Address:
Business Hours:
Main Phone:
Send all press releases to:
About WHAM
WHAM Feedback
Contests:
News Desk:
Sports:
Weather:
Public/Political File
Cindy Schneider:
Closed Captioning Concerns
Paul Stella
Secondary:
Danielle Turner
National Advertising
Jim Joly
Gregg Siegel
SPARKSMB
REMITTANCE ADDRESS
| In addition, our station participates in high school career workshops that introduce broadcasting careers to high school and middle school students. For additional information concerning the outreach efforts undertaken by stations in this employment unit, see link in the footer for the EEO Public File Report. Since the current EEO rules went into effect the station has experienced no notable difficulties in our outreach efforts as of the date of this application. WHAM Feedback
Welcome to WHAM's Feedback Section. If you have any questions, comments, or ideas concerning anything you see on-air on WHAM or on 13wham.com, this is the place to let us know. Simply send your feedback to one of the email addresses below. Contests: [email protected]
News Desk: [email protected]
Sports: [email protected]
Weather: | 1,834 | 2,652 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4751123#5_6819554 | http://13wham.com/station/contact | Rochester Contact | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News | WHAM | Contact
Contact
Address:
Business Hours:
Main Phone:
Send all press releases to:
About WHAM
WHAM Feedback
Contests:
News Desk:
Sports:
Weather:
Public/Political File
Cindy Schneider:
Closed Captioning Concerns
Paul Stella
Secondary:
Danielle Turner
National Advertising
Jim Joly
Gregg Siegel
SPARKSMB
REMITTANCE ADDRESS
| Simply send your feedback to one of the email addresses below. Contests: [email protected]
News Desk: [email protected]
Sports: [email protected]
Weather: [email protected]
Public/Political File
The public file can be accessed here: WHAM FCC Public File
If you have any questions or are unable to access the public file, please contact one of the following for assistance. Cindy Schneider: 585.321.2208
Closed Captioning Concerns
Please use the contacts below ONLY for Closed Captioning Issues. For all other concerns, please use the contact numbers and emails listed above. | 2,493 | 3,074 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4751123#6_6820725 | http://13wham.com/station/contact | Rochester Contact | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News | WHAM | Contact
Contact
Address:
Business Hours:
Main Phone:
Send all press releases to:
About WHAM
WHAM Feedback
Contests:
News Desk:
Sports:
Weather:
Public/Political File
Cindy Schneider:
Closed Captioning Concerns
Paul Stella
Secondary:
Danielle Turner
National Advertising
Jim Joly
Gregg Siegel
SPARKSMB
REMITTANCE ADDRESS
| [email protected]
Public/Political File
The public file can be accessed here: WHAM FCC Public File
If you have any questions or are unable to access the public file, please contact one of the following for assistance. Cindy Schneider: 585.321.2208
Closed Captioning Concerns
Please use the contacts below ONLY for Closed Captioning Issues. For all other concerns, please use the contact numbers and emails listed above. Primary: Paul Stella
Production Manager
Attn: Paul Stella
4225 W. Henrietta Rd. Rochester, NY 14623
585.321.2290
585.359.1570
[email protected]
Secondary: Danielle Turner
Director of Administration
1776 Park Avenue 4-135
Park City, UT 84060
435.429.6680
435.655.9860
[email protected]
National Advertising
Sinclair National provides advertisers the unique ability to reach viewers and potential customers on a single market, multiple market, and regional basis. | 2,652 | 3,548 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4751123#7_6822223 | http://13wham.com/station/contact | Rochester Contact | News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News | WHAM | Contact
Contact
Address:
Business Hours:
Main Phone:
Send all press releases to:
About WHAM
WHAM Feedback
Contests:
News Desk:
Sports:
Weather:
Public/Political File
Cindy Schneider:
Closed Captioning Concerns
Paul Stella
Secondary:
Danielle Turner
National Advertising
Jim Joly
Gregg Siegel
SPARKSMB
REMITTANCE ADDRESS
| Primary: Paul Stella
Production Manager
Attn: Paul Stella
4225 W. Henrietta Rd. Rochester, NY 14623
585.321.2290
585.359.1570
[email protected]
Secondary: Danielle Turner
Director of Administration
1776 Park Avenue 4-135
Park City, UT 84060
435.429.6680
435.655.9860
[email protected]
National Advertising
Sinclair National provides advertisers the unique ability to reach viewers and potential customers on a single market, multiple market, and regional basis. Jim Joly
Director of National Digital Sales
206.404.3148
[email protected]
Gregg Siegel
Vice President, National Sales
212.373.8127
[email protected]
SPARKSMB
Sinclair offers local businesses select mobile ad inventory through its SparkSMB division. REMITTANCE ADDRESS
Please note our remittance address has changed: Sinclair Broadcast Group
C/O WHAM
P.O. Box 206270
Dallas, TX 75320-6270
You must register on our new portal to receive invoices via email or to download invoices. Please click here to view the Quick Start Guide (PDF file). | 3,074 | 4,086 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4755823#0_6823846 | http://14.what-are-the-factors.com/ | What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 14?
What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 14? What Are the Factors of 14? The factors of 14 are 1, 2, 7, 14. Getting 14's factors is done like this. Take 14 and the number 1. Those are the first two factors. Try 1. 1 x 14 = 14, so put these into our factor list. 1
...
14
Take 2. 2 x 7 = 14, which means we add these to our factor list. | 0 | 318 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4755823#1_6824425 | http://14.what-are-the-factors.com/ | What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 14?
What Are the Factors of 14? | Those are the first two factors. Try 1. 1 x 14 = 14, so put these into our factor list. 1
...
14
Take 2. 2 x 7 = 14, which means we add these to our factor list. 1
2
...
7
14
Now take 3... no. 14/3 isn't a whole number. So we skip 3. Next try 4... no luck. 14/4 isn't a whole number. | 157 | 440 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4755823#2_6824976 | http://14.what-are-the-factors.com/ | What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 14?
What Are the Factors of 14? | 1
2
...
7
14
Now take 3... no. 14/3 isn't a whole number. So we skip 3. Next try 4... no luck. 14/4 isn't a whole number. So we skip 4. Now, since we don't have any more numbers to try, we're done! 1
2
7
14
... What Are the Factors of 1? What Are the Factors of 2? What Are the Factors of 3? | 318 | 610 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4755823#3_6825536 | http://14.what-are-the-factors.com/ | What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 14?
What Are the Factors of 14? | So we skip 4. Now, since we don't have any more numbers to try, we're done! 1
2
7
14
... What Are the Factors of 1? What Are the Factors of 2? What Are the Factors of 3? What Are the Factors of 4? What Are the Factors of 5? What Are the Factors of 6? What Are the Factors of 7? What Are the Factors of 8? | 441 | 745 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4755823#4_6826104 | http://14.what-are-the-factors.com/ | What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 14?
What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 4? What Are the Factors of 5? What Are the Factors of 6? What Are the Factors of 7? What Are the Factors of 8? What Are the Factors of 9? What Are the Factors of 10? What Are the Factors of 11? What Are the Factors of 12? What Are the Factors of 13? | 610 | 884 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4755823#5_6826637 | http://14.what-are-the-factors.com/ | What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 14?
What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 9? What Are the Factors of 10? What Are the Factors of 11? What Are the Factors of 12? What Are the Factors of 13? What Are the Factors of 14? What are the prime factors of 14? What is the prime factorization of 14 ? What Are the Factors of 15? What Are the Factors of 16? | 745 | 1,042 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4755823#6_6827194 | http://14.what-are-the-factors.com/ | What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 14?
What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 14? What are the prime factors of 14? What is the prime factorization of 14 ? What Are the Factors of 15? What Are the Factors of 16? What Are the Factors of 17? What Are the Factors of 18? What Are the Factors of 19? What Are the Factors of 20? What Are the Factors of 21? | 884 | 1,182 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4755823#7_6827752 | http://14.what-are-the-factors.com/ | What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 14?
What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 17? What Are the Factors of 18? What Are the Factors of 19? What Are the Factors of 20? What Are the Factors of 21? What Are the Factors of 22? What Are the Factors of 23? What Are the Factors of 24? What Are the Factors of 25? What Are the Factors of 26? | 1,042 | 1,322 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4755823#8_6828293 | http://14.what-are-the-factors.com/ | What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 14?
What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 22? What Are the Factors of 23? What Are the Factors of 24? What Are the Factors of 25? What Are the Factors of 26? What Are the Factors of 27? What Are the Factors of 28? What Are the Factors of 29? What Are the Factors of 30? What Are the Factors of 31? | 1,182 | 1,462 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4755823#9_6828834 | http://14.what-are-the-factors.com/ | What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 14?
What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 27? What Are the Factors of 28? What Are the Factors of 29? What Are the Factors of 30? What Are the Factors of 31? What Are the Factors of 32? What Are the Factors of 33? What Are the Factors of 34? What Are the Factors of 35? What Are the Factors of 36? | 1,322 | 1,602 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4755823#10_6829375 | http://14.what-are-the-factors.com/ | What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 14?
What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 32? What Are the Factors of 33? What Are the Factors of 34? What Are the Factors of 35? What Are the Factors of 36? What Are the Factors of 37? What Are the Factors of 38? What Are the Factors of 39? What Are the Factors of 40? What Are the Factors of 41? | 1,462 | 1,742 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4755823#11_6829917 | http://14.what-are-the-factors.com/ | What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 14?
What Are the Factors of 14? | What Are the Factors of 37? What Are the Factors of 38? What Are the Factors of 39? What Are the Factors of 40? What Are the Factors of 41? What Are the Factors of 42? What Are the Factors of 43? What Are the Factors of 44? ... | 1,602 | 1,830 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4757929#0_6830407 | http://14000store.com/what-is-iso-14001.aspx | What is ISO 14001? - ISO 14000 Store | What is ISO 14001?
What is ISO 14001?
Basics of ISO 14001
Other helpful topics:
| What is ISO 14001? - ISO 14000 Store
What is ISO 14001? ISO 14001:2015 is the international standard that states requirements for an effective environmental management system, otherwise referred to as EMS. ISO standards provide a framework for organizations to follow. All ISO standards are voluntary; organizations can decide whether or not to comply with these standards. So what is ISO? ISO is the International Organization of Standardization, a worldwide organization that develops different types of standards to be integrated into an organization’s system. According to ISO, an environmental management system is defined as a management system that manages environmental aspects, fulfills compliance obligations and addresses risks and opportunities as it regards to environmental issues. ISO updates their requirements every 7 years, with the newest version of the standard being ISO 14001:2015. | 0 | 903 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4757929#1_6831620 | http://14000store.com/what-is-iso-14001.aspx | What is ISO 14001? - ISO 14000 Store | What is ISO 14001?
What is ISO 14001?
Basics of ISO 14001
Other helpful topics:
| organizations can decide whether or not to comply with these standards. So what is ISO? ISO is the International Organization of Standardization, a worldwide organization that develops different types of standards to be integrated into an organization’s system. According to ISO, an environmental management system is defined as a management system that manages environmental aspects, fulfills compliance obligations and addresses risks and opportunities as it regards to environmental issues. ISO updates their requirements every 7 years, with the newest version of the standard being ISO 14001:2015. The newest version uses a high-level structure, mandatory definitions, and incorporates common standard requirements and clauses used in all ISO standards. Read “ Who is ISO ” for more information…
ISO 14000 is a series of documents relating to the implementation of an Environmental Management System (EMS). Read about the entire ISO 14000 Family of Standards
ISO 14001:2015 – The requirements of an EMS
ISO 14004:2016 – EMS Guidelines
ISO 14005:2010 – Guidance on a phased approach
Read What is an EMS? ISO 14001:2015 is the document which defines the requirements for the EMS and provides guidance for its use. Buy a Copy
The standard requires your organization to: | 302 | 1,572 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4757929#2_6833238 | http://14000store.com/what-is-iso-14001.aspx | What is ISO 14001? - ISO 14000 Store | What is ISO 14001?
What is ISO 14001?
Basics of ISO 14001
Other helpful topics:
| The newest version uses a high-level structure, mandatory definitions, and incorporates common standard requirements and clauses used in all ISO standards. Read “ Who is ISO ” for more information…
ISO 14000 is a series of documents relating to the implementation of an Environmental Management System (EMS). Read about the entire ISO 14000 Family of Standards
ISO 14001:2015 – The requirements of an EMS
ISO 14004:2016 – EMS Guidelines
ISO 14005:2010 – Guidance on a phased approach
Read What is an EMS? ISO 14001:2015 is the document which defines the requirements for the EMS and provides guidance for its use. Buy a Copy
The standard requires your organization to: Determine your organization’s impact on the environment and relevant regulations to the operations of the business. Create a plan to control your processes to minimize the environmental impact. Monitor the effectiveness of the system at meeting objectives as well as legal and other. Continually analyze the results and improve your systems. Basics of ISO 14001
Other helpful topics: | 904 | 1,956 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4757929#3_6834639 | http://14000store.com/what-is-iso-14001.aspx | What is ISO 14001? - ISO 14000 Store | What is ISO 14001?
What is ISO 14001?
Basics of ISO 14001
Other helpful topics:
| Determine your organization’s impact on the environment and relevant regulations to the operations of the business. Create a plan to control your processes to minimize the environmental impact. Monitor the effectiveness of the system at meeting objectives as well as legal and other. Continually analyze the results and improve your systems. Basics of ISO 14001
Other helpful topics: What is an EMS? What are the requirements? Benefits of ISO 14001
Comparing ISO 9001 & 14001
View Demo
In the US, the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) writes environmental laws that organizations must follow. Although this standard is strictly voluntary, it provides the framework to evaluate and manage an organizations’ environmental impact and is the easiest way to comply. Why do companies want to pursue an EMS? | 1,572 | 2,377 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4757929#4_6835765 | http://14000store.com/what-is-iso-14001.aspx | What is ISO 14001? - ISO 14000 Store | What is ISO 14001?
What is ISO 14001?
Basics of ISO 14001
Other helpful topics:
| What is an EMS? What are the requirements? Benefits of ISO 14001
Comparing ISO 9001 & 14001
View Demo
In the US, the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) writes environmental laws that organizations must follow. Although this standard is strictly voluntary, it provides the framework to evaluate and manage an organizations’ environmental impact and is the easiest way to comply. Why do companies want to pursue an EMS? Fundamentally, it is everyone’s job to protect the environment by preventing pollution and continually improving the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the earth we inhabit. Organizations are becoming increasingly concerned in achieving sound environmental performance, often while delivering cost savings and demonstrating that you are a “Good Corporate Citizen”. In essence the standard will: Protect the environment by preventing pollution
Improve air and water
Prevent the earth from soil erosion or other environmental problems
The standard is also beneficial for your business it helps: To reduce accidents in an organization
To get client trust and satisfaction by substantiating to ISO 14000 standard
To become good citizens by achieving best environmental performance
To reduce legal responsibility and risk contact by making sure with safe and effective environmental management system
To get competitive benefit by using environmental improvements to increase marketing efforts
To reduce costs by avoiding too much environmental waste
Market Pressure
Many organizations decide to Implement ISO 14001 and obtain registration because it assures customers, shareholders, suppliers, regulators and the community at large that the company has a good Environmental Management System (EMS) in place. | 1,956 | 3,686 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4757929#5_6837835 | http://14000store.com/what-is-iso-14001.aspx | What is ISO 14001? - ISO 14000 Store | What is ISO 14001?
What is ISO 14001?
Basics of ISO 14001
Other helpful topics:
| Fundamentally, it is everyone’s job to protect the environment by preventing pollution and continually improving the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the earth we inhabit. Organizations are becoming increasingly concerned in achieving sound environmental performance, often while delivering cost savings and demonstrating that you are a “Good Corporate Citizen”. In essence the standard will: Protect the environment by preventing pollution
Improve air and water
Prevent the earth from soil erosion or other environmental problems
The standard is also beneficial for your business it helps: To reduce accidents in an organization
To get client trust and satisfaction by substantiating to ISO 14000 standard
To become good citizens by achieving best environmental performance
To reduce legal responsibility and risk contact by making sure with safe and effective environmental management system
To get competitive benefit by using environmental improvements to increase marketing efforts
To reduce costs by avoiding too much environmental waste
Market Pressure
Many organizations decide to Implement ISO 14001 and obtain registration because it assures customers, shareholders, suppliers, regulators and the community at large that the company has a good Environmental Management System (EMS) in place. An organization with an effective EMS will typically meet customer expectations and comply with regulations better than an organization that does not have an effective EMS. Many organizations require their suppliers to have ISO 14001 Registration. ISO/IEC 17050 – Conformity assessment- suppliers declaration of conformity requirements
Review article “ Benefits of ISO 14001 ” to learn more
Read our example of ISO 14001 applied to baking cookies. Download ISO’s “ ISO 14001 for Small Business ” brochure
Understand the Benefits & Costs and how the standard can help you evaluate the advantage to your organization. Intro to ISO 14001 gives more information help ISO 14001
Watch ISO’s Movie: | 2,377 | 4,378 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4757929#6_6840207 | http://14000store.com/what-is-iso-14001.aspx | What is ISO 14001? - ISO 14000 Store | What is ISO 14001?
What is ISO 14001?
Basics of ISO 14001
Other helpful topics:
| An organization with an effective EMS will typically meet customer expectations and comply with regulations better than an organization that does not have an effective EMS. Many organizations require their suppliers to have ISO 14001 Registration. ISO/IEC 17050 – Conformity assessment- suppliers declaration of conformity requirements
Review article “ Benefits of ISO 14001 ” to learn more
Read our example of ISO 14001 applied to baking cookies. Download ISO’s “ ISO 14001 for Small Business ” brochure
Understand the Benefits & Costs and how the standard can help you evaluate the advantage to your organization. Intro to ISO 14001 gives more information help ISO 14001
Watch ISO’s Movie: ISO 14001: The World’s Environmental Standard: YouTube
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Videos you watch may be added to the TV's watch history and influence TV recommendations. To avoid this, cancel and sign in to YouTube on your computer. | 3,687 | 4,727 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4757929#7_6841607 | http://14000store.com/what-is-iso-14001.aspx | What is ISO 14001? - ISO 14000 Store | What is ISO 14001?
What is ISO 14001?
Basics of ISO 14001
Other helpful topics:
| ISO 14001: The World’s Environmental Standard: YouTube
Subscribe
Watch later
Copy link
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4763286#0_6842487 | http://141.232.10.32/facts_info/sywtkma_animals.aspx | Plants and Animals of the Everglades | So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
Plants
Marsh Species
Tree Island and Hammock Species
Orchids, Bromeliads and Ferns
Mangroves
Animals
Birds
Land Mammals
Other Animals
Contact for this page:
| Plants and Animals of the Everglades
So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
The Everglades is home to a vast array of plants and animals that have adapted to a wet, subtropical environment. Some creatures such as the Florida panther, Wood Stork and West Indian manatee have become symbols of a struggling ecosystem. Other parts of this vast mosaic - most notably the sawgrass marshes, and cypress and mangrove forests - are recognized around the world as images of the region. While some of its flora and fauna are widely recognized, theEverglades also is comprised of many hundreds, if notthousands, of lesser-known plants, animals and fishthat are part of a living, dynamic ecosystem. The River of Grass includes wetlands plants, trees and marsh vegetation; invertebrates, fresh and saltwater fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals and birds. Some 67 species are on the federal threatened or endangered lists. Many more are rare, species of special concern, or included on state lists. A brief overview of selected Everglades' plant and animal species follows: Plants
Marsh Species
The Everglades is comprised of more than 100 marsh species that live in water all or much of the year. | 0 | 1,214 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4763286#1_6844251 | http://141.232.10.32/facts_info/sywtkma_animals.aspx | Plants and Animals of the Everglades | So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
Plants
Marsh Species
Tree Island and Hammock Species
Orchids, Bromeliads and Ferns
Mangroves
Animals
Birds
Land Mammals
Other Animals
Contact for this page:
| invertebrates, fresh and saltwater fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals and birds. Some 67 species are on the federal threatened or endangered lists. Many more are rare, species of special concern, or included on state lists. A brief overview of selected Everglades' plant and animal species follows: Plants
Marsh Species
The Everglades is comprised of more than 100 marsh species that live in water all or much of the year. Its most well-known wetland plant is sawgrass, a normally hearty grass-like species that has formed thousands of acres of marshes. Floating aquatic plants that dominate the waterscape include bladderwort, white water lily, spatterdock and maidencane. Living among these is one of the tiniest members of the Everglades plant community, periphyton algae. The base of food webs, algae floats in mats on or just below the water's surface, and is found throughout the Everglades. Tree Island and Hammock Species
In addition to aquatic ones, other plants in the Everglades live in wetland tree islands and upland hardwood hammocks that dot the landscape. | 791 | 1,863 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4763286#2_6845872 | http://141.232.10.32/facts_info/sywtkma_animals.aspx | Plants and Animals of the Everglades | So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
Plants
Marsh Species
Tree Island and Hammock Species
Orchids, Bromeliads and Ferns
Mangroves
Animals
Birds
Land Mammals
Other Animals
Contact for this page:
| Its most well-known wetland plant is sawgrass, a normally hearty grass-like species that has formed thousands of acres of marshes. Floating aquatic plants that dominate the waterscape include bladderwort, white water lily, spatterdock and maidencane. Living among these is one of the tiniest members of the Everglades plant community, periphyton algae. The base of food webs, algae floats in mats on or just below the water's surface, and is found throughout the Everglades. Tree Island and Hammock Species
In addition to aquatic ones, other plants in the Everglades live in wetland tree islands and upland hardwood hammocks that dot the landscape. Tree islands are small forests of trees and shrubs that have adapted to a wet environment. They provide an important home to the many mammals that live in the Everglades and are a site for wading and migratory bird rookeries. Tree islands generally are named after the trees that dominate them, with the most common the bay, willow and cypress. Cypress is probably the most recognized tree in the Everglades, and includes the dwarf and bald species. Cypresses require water to develop, and then can live on either dry land or in water as mature trees. | 1,215 | 2,415 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4763286#3_6847620 | http://141.232.10.32/facts_info/sywtkma_animals.aspx | Plants and Animals of the Everglades | So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
Plants
Marsh Species
Tree Island and Hammock Species
Orchids, Bromeliads and Ferns
Mangroves
Animals
Birds
Land Mammals
Other Animals
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| Tree islands are small forests of trees and shrubs that have adapted to a wet environment. They provide an important home to the many mammals that live in the Everglades and are a site for wading and migratory bird rookeries. Tree islands generally are named after the trees that dominate them, with the most common the bay, willow and cypress. Cypress is probably the most recognized tree in the Everglades, and includes the dwarf and bald species. Cypresses require water to develop, and then can live on either dry land or in water as mature trees. They have unusual root systems producing "knees" that grow out of the earth which scientists think are used for breathing. Cypress trees shed their leaves in the fall - somewhat unusual in a subtropical environment. Another interesting tree found in the islands is the pond apple, which produces large, bitter, yellow-green fruit. Pond apples are a food source for some animals. Trees also exist in the Everglades in hammocks, which are localized, mature hardwood forests. | 1,863 | 2,888 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4763286#4_6849193 | http://141.232.10.32/facts_info/sywtkma_animals.aspx | Plants and Animals of the Everglades | So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
Plants
Marsh Species
Tree Island and Hammock Species
Orchids, Bromeliads and Ferns
Mangroves
Animals
Birds
Land Mammals
Other Animals
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| They have unusual root systems producing "knees" that grow out of the earth which scientists think are used for breathing. Cypress trees shed their leaves in the fall - somewhat unusual in a subtropical environment. Another interesting tree found in the islands is the pond apple, which produces large, bitter, yellow-green fruit. Pond apples are a food source for some animals. Trees also exist in the Everglades in hammocks, which are localized, mature hardwood forests. Unlike the tree islands that are dominated by wetland species, hammocks can have trees that traditionally live in drier conditions such as oak and pine. Royal palm, cabbage palm, live oak, gumbo limbo and West Indian mahogany are some trees that live in these tropical hardwood hammocks. Orchids, Bromeliads and Ferns
Within the tree islands and hammocks, visitors can find breathtaking orchids, Bromeliads and ferns. The warm, humid environment is ideal for air plants, with some of the world's most unusual and beautiful orchids found in the Everglades. Many species of tropical ferns also thrive in this environment, often found under shade trees and covering the forest floor. | 2,416 | 3,569 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4763286#5_6850896 | http://141.232.10.32/facts_info/sywtkma_animals.aspx | Plants and Animals of the Everglades | So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
Plants
Marsh Species
Tree Island and Hammock Species
Orchids, Bromeliads and Ferns
Mangroves
Animals
Birds
Land Mammals
Other Animals
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| Unlike the tree islands that are dominated by wetland species, hammocks can have trees that traditionally live in drier conditions such as oak and pine. Royal palm, cabbage palm, live oak, gumbo limbo and West Indian mahogany are some trees that live in these tropical hardwood hammocks. Orchids, Bromeliads and Ferns
Within the tree islands and hammocks, visitors can find breathtaking orchids, Bromeliads and ferns. The warm, humid environment is ideal for air plants, with some of the world's most unusual and beautiful orchids found in the Everglades. Many species of tropical ferns also thrive in this environment, often found under shade trees and covering the forest floor. Mangroves
A keystone plant community of the Everglades, the mangrove is a coastal plant that is known for its vast root system. Mangroves provide an interface between more saline coastal waters and the freshwater marshes; help reduce soil erosion and buffer the land from wind and waves; and build the soil through their growth and decomposition. Mangroves do not tolerate cold weather and are protected by law. | 2,889 | 3,981 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4763286#6_6852537 | http://141.232.10.32/facts_info/sywtkma_animals.aspx | Plants and Animals of the Everglades | So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
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Marsh Species
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Orchids, Bromeliads and Ferns
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Birds
Land Mammals
Other Animals
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| Mangroves
A keystone plant community of the Everglades, the mangrove is a coastal plant that is known for its vast root system. Mangroves provide an interface between more saline coastal waters and the freshwater marshes; help reduce soil erosion and buffer the land from wind and waves; and build the soil through their growth and decomposition. Mangroves do not tolerate cold weather and are protected by law. Animals
Birds
Birds are a special symbol of the Everglades, captured beautifully in the paintings of John James Audubon. It is reported that in the 1800s there were so many migratory and wading birds that their numbers darkened the skies. Unfortunately, the wading and migratory bird population has been greatly reduced, first by hunters and more recently by the loss of habitat. Despite this, today some 350 bird species have been identified in Everglades National Park alone. Some are year-round residents; | 3,569 | 4,490 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4763286#7_6854007 | http://141.232.10.32/facts_info/sywtkma_animals.aspx | Plants and Animals of the Everglades | So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
Plants
Marsh Species
Tree Island and Hammock Species
Orchids, Bromeliads and Ferns
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Animals
Birds
Land Mammals
Other Animals
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| Animals
Birds
Birds are a special symbol of the Everglades, captured beautifully in the paintings of John James Audubon. It is reported that in the 1800s there were so many migratory and wading birds that their numbers darkened the skies. Unfortunately, the wading and migratory bird population has been greatly reduced, first by hunters and more recently by the loss of habitat. Despite this, today some 350 bird species have been identified in Everglades National Park alone. Some are year-round residents; other just visit for
the winter; and still others stop by on their journey to more southern destinations. The most notable of the wading birds includes the Wood Stork; White and Glossy Ibises; Roseate Spoonbill; | 3,981 | 4,702 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4763286#8_6855277 | http://141.232.10.32/facts_info/sywtkma_animals.aspx | Plants and Animals of the Everglades | So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
Plants
Marsh Species
Tree Island and Hammock Species
Orchids, Bromeliads and Ferns
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Animals
Birds
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Other Animals
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| other just visit for
the winter; and still others stop by on their journey to more southern destinations. The most notable of the wading birds includes the Wood Stork; White and Glossy Ibises; Roseate Spoonbill; Great Blue, Great White and Tricolored Herons; and Snowy and Great Egrets. The endangered Snail Kite is an unusual bird in that it survives exclusively on the apple snail. The Cape Sable Seaside Sparrow also is in the news today, as scientists and government regulators strive to preserve its quickly dwindling habitat. Land Mammals
Many animals live in the Everglades including the raccoon, skunk, opossum, bobcat, and white-tail deer. | 4,491 | 5,139 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4763286#9_6856474 | http://141.232.10.32/facts_info/sywtkma_animals.aspx | Plants and Animals of the Everglades | So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
Plants
Marsh Species
Tree Island and Hammock Species
Orchids, Bromeliads and Ferns
Mangroves
Animals
Birds
Land Mammals
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| Great Blue, Great White and Tricolored Herons; and Snowy and Great Egrets. The endangered Snail Kite is an unusual bird in that it survives exclusively on the apple snail. The Cape Sable Seaside Sparrow also is in the news today, as scientists and government regulators strive to preserve its quickly dwindling habitat. Land Mammals
Many animals live in the Everglades including the raccoon, skunk, opossum, bobcat, and white-tail deer. But the poster-child of the Everglades and the symbol of this wild, vast ecosystem is the Florida panther. It is the most endangered species in the Everglades, with only about 100 remaining in the wild. Panthers feed on deer and other mammals, live in uplands Everglades areas, and require large ranges. Great lengths are under way to save the panther including radio-tracking collared individuals and introducing other panther strains to increase the gene pool. Other Animals
Another keystone species of the ecosystem and an indicator of its health is the American alligator. | 4,703 | 5,716 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4763286#10_6858036 | http://141.232.10.32/facts_info/sywtkma_animals.aspx | Plants and Animals of the Everglades | So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
Plants
Marsh Species
Tree Island and Hammock Species
Orchids, Bromeliads and Ferns
Mangroves
Animals
Birds
Land Mammals
Other Animals
Contact for this page:
| But the poster-child of the Everglades and the symbol of this wild, vast ecosystem is the Florida panther. It is the most endangered species in the Everglades, with only about 100 remaining in the wild. Panthers feed on deer and other mammals, live in uplands Everglades areas, and require large ranges. Great lengths are under way to save the panther including radio-tracking collared individuals and introducing other panther strains to increase the gene pool. Other Animals
Another keystone species of the ecosystem and an indicator of its health is the American alligator. This ancient reptile builds "alligator holes" that provide an important food and water source for many other animals in times of drought. Two other well-known animals in the ecosystem include the friendly West Indian manatee and bottlenose dolphin, both of which live in saltwater bays and coastal areas. In 1999, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service approved a Multi-Species Recovery Plan for the Threatened and Endangered Species of South Florida. This plan outlines a detailed program to protect the endangered and threatened plants and animals of the South Florida ecosystem that includes the Everglades. It provides a detailed list of rare, threatened, endangered and special concern species. | 5,140 | 6,421 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4763286#11_6859868 | http://141.232.10.32/facts_info/sywtkma_animals.aspx | Plants and Animals of the Everglades | So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
So you Want to Know More About...
Plants and Animals of the Everglades
Plants
Marsh Species
Tree Island and Hammock Species
Orchids, Bromeliads and Ferns
Mangroves
Animals
Birds
Land Mammals
Other Animals
Contact for this page:
| This ancient reptile builds "alligator holes" that provide an important food and water source for many other animals in times of drought. Two other well-known animals in the ecosystem include the friendly West Indian manatee and bottlenose dolphin, both of which live in saltwater bays and coastal areas. In 1999, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service approved a Multi-Species Recovery Plan for the Threatened and Endangered Species of South Florida. This plan outlines a detailed program to protect the endangered and threatened plants and animals of the South Florida ecosystem that includes the Everglades. It provides a detailed list of rare, threatened, endangered and special concern species. To learn more, log on to: http://www.fws.gov/verobeach/
More information on the wildlife of the Everglades can be found in The Everglades Handbook: Understanding the Ecosystem, Third Edition by Thomas E. Lodge published by CRC Press in 2010. Contact for this page: Erica Skolte, [email protected] | 5,717 | 6,730 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4770545#0_6861432 | http://144622463702892518.weebly.com/accomplishments.html | Accomplishments - Pocahontas |
Pocahontas
Accomplishments
| Accomplishments - Pocahontas
Pocahontas
the life of an Indian woman
Accomplishments
Pocahontas accomplished many things in the past. She was heroic, and courageous in many ways. Pocahontas was heroic in many ways such, as saving John Smith a British adventurer. In 1607 the Eng lish settled in Jamestown to fin d riches. The English didn' t know they were going to have to survive harsh winter s.
One day John Smith was captured by Pocahontas's tribe. When they were about to beat him with sticks Pocahontas Jumped in front of him. Pocahontas was courageous in many ways. One way she was courageous was by helping the English settle in Jamestown Virginia. She helped by bringing supplies and food behind her tribes back. When the English settled in Jamestown Virginia they weren't expecting harsh winters. | 0 | 809 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4770545#1_6862506 | http://144622463702892518.weebly.com/accomplishments.html | Accomplishments - Pocahontas |
Pocahontas
Accomplishments
| When they were about to beat him with sticks Pocahontas Jumped in front of him. Pocahontas was courageous in many ways. One way she was courageous was by helping the English settle in Jamestown Virginia. She helped by bringing supplies and food behind her tribes back. When the English settled in Jamestown Virginia they weren't expecting harsh winters. Pocahontas showed courageness , and heroicness, such as saving someone's life and other people's lives. | 456 | 913 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4771679#0_6863221 | http://147.202.209.36/ | Proof of Coverage
Proof Of Coverage - Disclaimer
DISCLAIMER
The Massachusetts Department of Industrial Accidents’ (DIA) online Proof of Coverage Verification Application, a search engine, enables users to verify workers’ compensation insurance coverage for businesses operating within the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and provides separate internet links to verify businesses that are self-insured or are members of a self-insured group. Use of the DIA Proof of Coverage Verification Application is conditioned upon the acceptance of, and compliance with, the terms, conditions, and notices stated within this disclaimer and throughout the DIA web site. The information generated by this search engine is a portion of the policy information provided by licensed workers’ compensation insurance carriers and implies no assurances of total accuracy or completeness. The DIA assumes no responsibility or liability for damages arising from reliance on the information generated by use of this online Proof of Coverage Verification Application. I Agree
I Do Not Agree | 0 | 1,088 |
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4772908#0_6864496 | http://1490wwpr.com/how-to-radio/how-to-host-a-radio-show/ | How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490 | How to Host a Radio Show
How to Host a Radio Show
Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show?
Q: How do I create a new radio show?
Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information!
Q: What are good topics for my radio show?
Q: How should I structure my radio show?
Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host?
Q: How do I pay for the radio show?
Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time?
Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough?
Q: How do people advertise on radio shows?
Q: How do I promote my radio show?
Q: Why should I host my radio show on 1490 WWPR?
Q: So how can I get started with a radio show?
Share this:
| How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490
How to Host a Radio Show
Hosting a radio show can bring you fame, get you new customers, or make a case for your cause. For years, 1490 WWPR has been one of the few Tampa Bay radio stations where you can host your own radio show. Here’s a compilation of our best advice on how how to host a radio show, from design to launch to marketing. Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show? People host radio talk shows for a variety of reasons. Some people — often professionals like doctors, lawyers, real estate agents, or financial advisors — use radio to highlight their knowledge, increase their name recognition, build up their local celebrity, and gain new clients. These same types of people may use their shows to promote books, seminars, or other sideline business — in effect, running ads for themselves during their own show! Others use radio to entertain or to promote a particular point of view — political, religious, or otherwise. This non-commercial type of show is often supported by advertising. | 0 | 1,047 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4772908#1_6866482 | http://1490wwpr.com/how-to-radio/how-to-host-a-radio-show/ | How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490 | How to Host a Radio Show
How to Host a Radio Show
Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show?
Q: How do I create a new radio show?
Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information!
Q: What are good topics for my radio show?
Q: How should I structure my radio show?
Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host?
Q: How do I pay for the radio show?
Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time?
Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough?
Q: How do people advertise on radio shows?
Q: How do I promote my radio show?
Q: Why should I host my radio show on 1490 WWPR?
Q: So how can I get started with a radio show?
Share this:
| People host radio talk shows for a variety of reasons. Some people — often professionals like doctors, lawyers, real estate agents, or financial advisors — use radio to highlight their knowledge, increase their name recognition, build up their local celebrity, and gain new clients. These same types of people may use their shows to promote books, seminars, or other sideline business — in effect, running ads for themselves during their own show! Others use radio to entertain or to promote a particular point of view — political, religious, or otherwise. This non-commercial type of show is often supported by advertising. Hosts can even make their radio show into a business of its own, buying time for a fixed price, and selling ads themselves directly to businesses. The difference is your profit! A mixture of these two is always possible as well. You should just be clear in advance what your objectives are, so you can gauge whether your show is achieving them. Q: | 422 | 1,395 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4772908#2_6868388 | http://1490wwpr.com/how-to-radio/how-to-host-a-radio-show/ | How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490 | How to Host a Radio Show
How to Host a Radio Show
Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show?
Q: How do I create a new radio show?
Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information!
Q: What are good topics for my radio show?
Q: How should I structure my radio show?
Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host?
Q: How do I pay for the radio show?
Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time?
Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough?
Q: How do people advertise on radio shows?
Q: How do I promote my radio show?
Q: Why should I host my radio show on 1490 WWPR?
Q: So how can I get started with a radio show?
Share this:
| Hosts can even make their radio show into a business of its own, buying time for a fixed price, and selling ads themselves directly to businesses. The difference is your profit! A mixture of these two is always possible as well. You should just be clear in advance what your objectives are, so you can gauge whether your show is achieving them. Q: How do I create a new radio show? Before you do anything else, listen to existing shows that are similar to what you have in mind. Take note of what topics are most interesting to you, as well as the topics that generate callers. Also take note of boring things that slow a show down. Obviously, you’ll want to avoid these practices. | 1,048 | 1,729 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4772908#3_6869989 | http://1490wwpr.com/how-to-radio/how-to-host-a-radio-show/ | How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490 | How to Host a Radio Show
How to Host a Radio Show
Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show?
Q: How do I create a new radio show?
Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information!
Q: What are good topics for my radio show?
Q: How should I structure my radio show?
Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host?
Q: How do I pay for the radio show?
Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time?
Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough?
Q: How do people advertise on radio shows?
Q: How do I promote my radio show?
Q: Why should I host my radio show on 1490 WWPR?
Q: So how can I get started with a radio show?
Share this:
| How do I create a new radio show? Before you do anything else, listen to existing shows that are similar to what you have in mind. Take note of what topics are most interesting to you, as well as the topics that generate callers. Also take note of boring things that slow a show down. Obviously, you’ll want to avoid these practices. Ask your friends what they like and dislike, or even better, ask people who represent your potential audience. They may confirm your ideas, or give you new ones. Then make a schedule, which should include a list of topics you’ll want to cover or people you want to interview. Make sure you have enough for at least your first two weeks, since you’ll be building an audience, and you just can’t rely on callers to fill up the time! Sometimes you may even want to “prime the pump” by having friends call in to ask questions. | 1,396 | 2,252 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4772908#4_6871790 | http://1490wwpr.com/how-to-radio/how-to-host-a-radio-show/ | How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490 | How to Host a Radio Show
How to Host a Radio Show
Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show?
Q: How do I create a new radio show?
Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information!
Q: What are good topics for my radio show?
Q: How should I structure my radio show?
Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host?
Q: How do I pay for the radio show?
Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time?
Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough?
Q: How do people advertise on radio shows?
Q: How do I promote my radio show?
Q: Why should I host my radio show on 1490 WWPR?
Q: So how can I get started with a radio show?
Share this:
| Ask your friends what they like and dislike, or even better, ask people who represent your potential audience. They may confirm your ideas, or give you new ones. Then make a schedule, which should include a list of topics you’ll want to cover or people you want to interview. Make sure you have enough for at least your first two weeks, since you’ll be building an audience, and you just can’t rely on callers to fill up the time! Sometimes you may even want to “prime the pump” by having friends call in to ask questions. This tactic makes potential callers more comfortable about chiming in. Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information! Q: What are good topics for my radio show? | 1,730 | 2,433 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4772908#5_6873433 | http://1490wwpr.com/how-to-radio/how-to-host-a-radio-show/ | How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490 | How to Host a Radio Show
How to Host a Radio Show
Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show?
Q: How do I create a new radio show?
Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information!
Q: What are good topics for my radio show?
Q: How should I structure my radio show?
Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host?
Q: How do I pay for the radio show?
Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time?
Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough?
Q: How do people advertise on radio shows?
Q: How do I promote my radio show?
Q: Why should I host my radio show on 1490 WWPR?
Q: So how can I get started with a radio show?
Share this:
| This tactic makes potential callers more comfortable about chiming in. Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information! Q: What are good topics for my radio show? Obviously, the topics you cover should relate to your show’s general theme. Beyond that, anything goes. Here are a variety of creative ideas for topics that you can discuss on your radio show: News, especially very recent events
Interviews with recent newsmakers or local politicians
Controversial issues (the economy, crime, global warming, education, etc.) Interviews with book authors (who are always hungry for publicity)
Recent articles from the newspaper, magazines, or online publications
Celebrity gossip
Recent events in TV shows or movies (don’t spoil the ending! | 2,253 | 3,007 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4772908#6_6875117 | http://1490wwpr.com/how-to-radio/how-to-host-a-radio-show/ | How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490 | How to Host a Radio Show
How to Host a Radio Show
Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show?
Q: How do I create a new radio show?
Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information!
Q: What are good topics for my radio show?
Q: How should I structure my radio show?
Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host?
Q: How do I pay for the radio show?
Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time?
Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough?
Q: How do people advertise on radio shows?
Q: How do I promote my radio show?
Q: Why should I host my radio show on 1490 WWPR?
Q: So how can I get started with a radio show?
Share this:
| Obviously, the topics you cover should relate to your show’s general theme. Beyond that, anything goes. Here are a variety of creative ideas for topics that you can discuss on your radio show: News, especially very recent events
Interviews with recent newsmakers or local politicians
Controversial issues (the economy, crime, global warming, education, etc.) Interviews with book authors (who are always hungry for publicity)
Recent articles from the newspaper, magazines, or online publications
Celebrity gossip
Recent events in TV shows or movies (don’t spoil the ending! well, unless it’s a reality show.) Ridiculous things that really happened to you or a friend
Music parodies and Internet memes (the Macarenas of today, the Harlem Shakes of tomorrows
Sex & relationships (keep it clean)
Health and fitness advice
Trivia contests with listeners
Hate mail to your show
Or see our long list of radio show topics for talk radio shows! Note that interviewees don’t have to be in the studio with you — you can conduct the interview entirely by phone. If you buy airtime with 1490 WWPR, we provide complete training on how to do that. Also, do your research before you start blabbing — bring printouts of what you’re going to discuss, or bring your laptop with topics bookmarked. | 2,433 | 3,712 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4772908#7_6877356 | http://1490wwpr.com/how-to-radio/how-to-host-a-radio-show/ | How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490 | How to Host a Radio Show
How to Host a Radio Show
Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show?
Q: How do I create a new radio show?
Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information!
Q: What are good topics for my radio show?
Q: How should I structure my radio show?
Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host?
Q: How do I pay for the radio show?
Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time?
Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough?
Q: How do people advertise on radio shows?
Q: How do I promote my radio show?
Q: Why should I host my radio show on 1490 WWPR?
Q: So how can I get started with a radio show?
Share this:
| well, unless it’s a reality show.) Ridiculous things that really happened to you or a friend
Music parodies and Internet memes (the Macarenas of today, the Harlem Shakes of tomorrows
Sex & relationships (keep it clean)
Health and fitness advice
Trivia contests with listeners
Hate mail to your show
Or see our long list of radio show topics for talk radio shows! Note that interviewees don’t have to be in the studio with you — you can conduct the interview entirely by phone. If you buy airtime with 1490 WWPR, we provide complete training on how to do that. Also, do your research before you start blabbing — bring printouts of what you’re going to discuss, or bring your laptop with topics bookmarked. Q: How should I structure my radio show? Listeners like predictability, and predictability comes from structure. This means have a clear, signature open, an obvious close, and if you have them, commercial breaks at the same time for each show. ( We at 1490 WWPR can help you create a signature sound for your show, so that listeners readily recognize they have tuned in to your show.) | 3,008 | 4,096 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4772908#8_6879391 | http://1490wwpr.com/how-to-radio/how-to-host-a-radio-show/ | How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490 | How to Host a Radio Show
How to Host a Radio Show
Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show?
Q: How do I create a new radio show?
Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information!
Q: What are good topics for my radio show?
Q: How should I structure my radio show?
Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host?
Q: How do I pay for the radio show?
Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time?
Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough?
Q: How do people advertise on radio shows?
Q: How do I promote my radio show?
Q: Why should I host my radio show on 1490 WWPR?
Q: So how can I get started with a radio show?
Share this:
| Q: How should I structure my radio show? Listeners like predictability, and predictability comes from structure. This means have a clear, signature open, an obvious close, and if you have them, commercial breaks at the same time for each show. ( We at 1490 WWPR can help you create a signature sound for your show, so that listeners readily recognize they have tuned in to your show.) We also recommend you divide your show into segments. This lets you handle a variety of different topics, and assures the listeners that they will hear about these same topics every day or every week. Remember, predictability is key if you want people to remember when and why to tune in. Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host? | 3,712 | 4,442 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4772908#9_6881036 | http://1490wwpr.com/how-to-radio/how-to-host-a-radio-show/ | How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490 | How to Host a Radio Show
How to Host a Radio Show
Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show?
Q: How do I create a new radio show?
Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information!
Q: What are good topics for my radio show?
Q: How should I structure my radio show?
Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host?
Q: How do I pay for the radio show?
Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time?
Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough?
Q: How do people advertise on radio shows?
Q: How do I promote my radio show?
Q: Why should I host my radio show on 1490 WWPR?
Q: So how can I get started with a radio show?
Share this:
| We also recommend you divide your show into segments. This lets you handle a variety of different topics, and assures the listeners that they will hear about these same topics every day or every week. Remember, predictability is key if you want people to remember when and why to tune in. Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host? Having a co-host is a great idea. It gives you someone to talk to when callers are slow. A co-host can provide a different point of view, or even a completely opposite one. Listeners love to hear co-hosts squabble! Just make sure your co-host is someone you respect, and whom you’re happy to disagree with. | 4,097 | 4,749 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4772908#10_6882608 | http://1490wwpr.com/how-to-radio/how-to-host-a-radio-show/ | How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490 | How to Host a Radio Show
How to Host a Radio Show
Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show?
Q: How do I create a new radio show?
Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information!
Q: What are good topics for my radio show?
Q: How should I structure my radio show?
Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host?
Q: How do I pay for the radio show?
Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time?
Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough?
Q: How do people advertise on radio shows?
Q: How do I promote my radio show?
Q: Why should I host my radio show on 1490 WWPR?
Q: So how can I get started with a radio show?
Share this:
| Having a co-host is a great idea. It gives you someone to talk to when callers are slow. A co-host can provide a different point of view, or even a completely opposite one. Listeners love to hear co-hosts squabble! Just make sure your co-host is someone you respect, and whom you’re happy to disagree with. A co-host can also take over when you get sick, or go on vacation. In other words, two talking heads are better than one. Q: How do I pay for the radio show? Hosts should always ask themselves how they plan to support their radio show over the long term. | 4,442 | 5,004 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4772908#11_6884090 | http://1490wwpr.com/how-to-radio/how-to-host-a-radio-show/ | How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490 | How to Host a Radio Show
How to Host a Radio Show
Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show?
Q: How do I create a new radio show?
Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information!
Q: What are good topics for my radio show?
Q: How should I structure my radio show?
Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host?
Q: How do I pay for the radio show?
Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time?
Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough?
Q: How do people advertise on radio shows?
Q: How do I promote my radio show?
Q: Why should I host my radio show on 1490 WWPR?
Q: So how can I get started with a radio show?
Share this:
| A co-host can also take over when you get sick, or go on vacation. In other words, two talking heads are better than one. Q: How do I pay for the radio show? Hosts should always ask themselves how they plan to support their radio show over the long term. If you are a professional using radio to build your business, the publicity and increased business alone may make the show financially worthwhile. ( Of course, if you are also espousing political views, this publicity might not always have the positive effects that you anticipate!) If the show is primarily for political, religious, or entertainment purposes, you should be seeking advertisers or sponsors from day one — in fact, well before day one! Find businesses that appeal to your type of listener, and ask them to give you a try. For more information on radio advertising, you should read our article How to Advertise on Radio. | 4,750 | 5,639 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4772908#12_6885901 | http://1490wwpr.com/how-to-radio/how-to-host-a-radio-show/ | How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490 | How to Host a Radio Show
How to Host a Radio Show
Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show?
Q: How do I create a new radio show?
Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information!
Q: What are good topics for my radio show?
Q: How should I structure my radio show?
Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host?
Q: How do I pay for the radio show?
Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time?
Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough?
Q: How do people advertise on radio shows?
Q: How do I promote my radio show?
Q: Why should I host my radio show on 1490 WWPR?
Q: So how can I get started with a radio show?
Share this:
| If you are a professional using radio to build your business, the publicity and increased business alone may make the show financially worthwhile. ( Of course, if you are also espousing political views, this publicity might not always have the positive effects that you anticipate!) If the show is primarily for political, religious, or entertainment purposes, you should be seeking advertisers or sponsors from day one — in fact, well before day one! Find businesses that appeal to your type of listener, and ask them to give you a try. For more information on radio advertising, you should read our article How to Advertise on Radio. This will give you some ideas on what makes your show valuable to potential advertisers. Alternately, you may have a dedicated group of sponsors or donors. Some of our longest-running shows (mostly religious) are funded entirely through donations. But even so, think about how you can bring these donors value, week after week — nobody wants to listen to a permanent pledge drive! If potential advertisers aren’t really sure, ask them for trade — that is, to give you something which can give away on air, or barter. | 5,005 | 6,156 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4772908#13_6887989 | http://1490wwpr.com/how-to-radio/how-to-host-a-radio-show/ | How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490 | How to Host a Radio Show
How to Host a Radio Show
Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show?
Q: How do I create a new radio show?
Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information!
Q: What are good topics for my radio show?
Q: How should I structure my radio show?
Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host?
Q: How do I pay for the radio show?
Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time?
Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough?
Q: How do people advertise on radio shows?
Q: How do I promote my radio show?
Q: Why should I host my radio show on 1490 WWPR?
Q: So how can I get started with a radio show?
Share this:
| This will give you some ideas on what makes your show valuable to potential advertisers. Alternately, you may have a dedicated group of sponsors or donors. Some of our longest-running shows (mostly religious) are funded entirely through donations. But even so, think about how you can bring these donors value, week after week — nobody wants to listen to a permanent pledge drive! If potential advertisers aren’t really sure, ask them for trade — that is, to give you something which can give away on air, or barter. You may even wish to join barter networks like the International Barter Exchange, based in Sarasota, Florida. Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time? Yes, that’s how it works in most local radio. At 1490 WWPR, you can buy air time by the hour or half-hour, depending on the time of day. | 5,640 | 6,448 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4772908#14_6889733 | http://1490wwpr.com/how-to-radio/how-to-host-a-radio-show/ | How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490 | How to Host a Radio Show
How to Host a Radio Show
Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show?
Q: How do I create a new radio show?
Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information!
Q: What are good topics for my radio show?
Q: How should I structure my radio show?
Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host?
Q: How do I pay for the radio show?
Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time?
Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough?
Q: How do people advertise on radio shows?
Q: How do I promote my radio show?
Q: Why should I host my radio show on 1490 WWPR?
Q: So how can I get started with a radio show?
Share this:
| You may even wish to join barter networks like the International Barter Exchange, based in Sarasota, Florida. Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time? Yes, that’s how it works in most local radio. At 1490 WWPR, you can buy air time by the hour or half-hour, depending on the time of day. Ideally, you should buy the same time every week, so that listeners make you part of their daily routine. You can even buy the same time every weekday, Monday through Friday, depending on availability. Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough? It’s unlikely. | 6,157 | 6,712 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4772908#15_6891219 | http://1490wwpr.com/how-to-radio/how-to-host-a-radio-show/ | How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490 | How to Host a Radio Show
How to Host a Radio Show
Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show?
Q: How do I create a new radio show?
Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information!
Q: What are good topics for my radio show?
Q: How should I structure my radio show?
Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host?
Q: How do I pay for the radio show?
Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time?
Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough?
Q: How do people advertise on radio shows?
Q: How do I promote my radio show?
Q: Why should I host my radio show on 1490 WWPR?
Q: So how can I get started with a radio show?
Share this:
| Ideally, you should buy the same time every week, so that listeners make you part of their daily routine. You can even buy the same time every weekday, Monday through Friday, depending on availability. Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough? It’s unlikely. Think of all the times you missed a one-time-only miniseries that you thought you wanted to see! It’s the same with radio. Your objective is to build yourself as a trusted commentator, as well as to be part of your listeners’ daily routine. Being in the same place and time, week after week, is crucial for building an audience. We won’t say no to your money, but we want you to be able to see and measure the results of your efforts! | 6,449 | 7,147 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4772908#16_6892858 | http://1490wwpr.com/how-to-radio/how-to-host-a-radio-show/ | How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490 | How to Host a Radio Show
How to Host a Radio Show
Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show?
Q: How do I create a new radio show?
Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information!
Q: What are good topics for my radio show?
Q: How should I structure my radio show?
Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host?
Q: How do I pay for the radio show?
Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time?
Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough?
Q: How do people advertise on radio shows?
Q: How do I promote my radio show?
Q: Why should I host my radio show on 1490 WWPR?
Q: So how can I get started with a radio show?
Share this:
| Think of all the times you missed a one-time-only miniseries that you thought you wanted to see! It’s the same with radio. Your objective is to build yourself as a trusted commentator, as well as to be part of your listeners’ daily routine. Being in the same place and time, week after week, is crucial for building an audience. We won’t say no to your money, but we want you to be able to see and measure the results of your efforts! Q: How do people advertise on radio shows? Advertising on the radio doesn’t have to mean the traditional 60-second spot with a silly jingle. It can be as simple as a statement read by the host, saying: “ This show is brought to you by Magnum Motors. | 6,713 | 7,396 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4772908#17_6894483 | http://1490wwpr.com/how-to-radio/how-to-host-a-radio-show/ | How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490 | How to Host a Radio Show
How to Host a Radio Show
Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show?
Q: How do I create a new radio show?
Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information!
Q: What are good topics for my radio show?
Q: How should I structure my radio show?
Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host?
Q: How do I pay for the radio show?
Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time?
Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough?
Q: How do people advertise on radio shows?
Q: How do I promote my radio show?
Q: Why should I host my radio show on 1490 WWPR?
Q: So how can I get started with a radio show?
Share this:
| Q: How do people advertise on radio shows? Advertising on the radio doesn’t have to mean the traditional 60-second spot with a silly jingle. It can be as simple as a statement read by the host, saying: “ This show is brought to you by Magnum Motors. Step on down to their showroom at 1414 Tamiami Trail, where they have special deals on….” Of course, short 30-second radio ads also work well. Ideally, advertisers should include a special offer available only to radio listeners, since that helps them measure the effect of their ads. For more information, visit our pages on radio advertising and how to create radio ads. We can provide assistance if you have more complicated needs. | 7,147 | 7,831 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_00_4772908#18_6896103 | http://1490wwpr.com/how-to-radio/how-to-host-a-radio-show/ | How to Host a Radio Show | WWPR 1490 | How to Host a Radio Show
How to Host a Radio Show
Q: Why would I want to host my own radio show?
Q: How do I create a new radio show?
Want to host your own radio show? Contact us for more information!
Q: What are good topics for my radio show?
Q: How should I structure my radio show?
Q: Should I host my radio show alone, or have a co-host?
Q: How do I pay for the radio show?
Q: So I actually buy my own radio show time?
Q: Won’t just a one-time radio show be enough?
Q: How do people advertise on radio shows?
Q: How do I promote my radio show?
Q: Why should I host my radio show on 1490 WWPR?
Q: So how can I get started with a radio show?
Share this:
| Step on down to their showroom at 1414 Tamiami Trail, where they have special deals on….” Of course, short 30-second radio ads also work well. Ideally, advertisers should include a special offer available only to radio listeners, since that helps them measure the effect of their ads. For more information, visit our pages on radio advertising and how to create radio ads. We can provide assistance if you have more complicated needs. Q: How do I promote my radio show? Before you even start the show, talk to people who would be interested in listening. Talk to friends in your social, political, or religious groups, and tell them in advance where and when you’ll be on. If a group has your ideal listener, visit it! | 7,397 | 8,115 |
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