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most patients with acute biliary pancreatitis have stones in the biliary tract or ampulla of vater because these stones may be passed spontaneously soon T3 a patient is admitted to the hospital the importance of early operative removal is not known we tested the hypothesis that endoscopic papillotomy within hours of admission decreased the incidence of complications in patients with acute biliary one
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understanding mechanisms of formation growth and PCS properties of secondary organic aerosol soa is central to predicting impacts on visibility health and climate it has been known for many decades that the oxidation of monoterpenes by ozone in the gas phase readily forms particles however the species responsible for the initial nucleation and the subsequent growth are not well established recent studies point to high molecular weight highly oxygenated products with extremely low vapor pressures elvoc extremely low volatility SOCs as being responsible for the initial nucleation with more volatile species contributing to particle growth we report here the results of studies of soa formed in the ozonolysis of αpinene in air at ± k using atmospheric solids analysis probe asap mass spectrometry att total reflectance atr fourier transform infrared spectrometry and proton transfer reaction ptr mass spectrometry smaller particles are shown to be less volatile and have on average higher molecular mass components compared to larger particles consistent with recent proposals regarding species responsible for the formation and growth of particles in this system thus the signatures of species responsible for particle OD at various stages are observable even in particles of several hundred nm diameter pinonaldehyde and acetic acid were observed to evaporate from a film of impacted soa at RT from which the ratio of their diffusion coefficients to the square of the average film thickness dl could be obtained for acetic acid and pinonaldehyde dl às and às respectively the relative magnitudes being consistent with the size difference between acetic acid and pinonaldehyde molecules limitations to quantifying the film thickness and hence absolute values of the diffusion coefficient are discussed and highlight a need for novel experimental methods for quantifying DWI coefficients of organic species in soa
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seven patients three male and four femalood cell count of cu mm or more the HM arose from several tissues especially lung all were carcinomas except for one osteogenic sarcoma in no case was there evidence of one as defined by disorderly marrow growth abnormal chromosomes or abnormal LAP C2 the peripheral blood of these patients showed segmented neutrophils bands and occasional metamyelocytes when young cells such as myelocytes were seen they did not persist a high wbc with malignancy is a late phenomenon usually occurring shortly before death and does not correlate with any pathologic findings such as necrosis WG cell infiltration of the tumor or specific inflammatory changes most of the associated tumors are of giant cell size but serum showed no evidence of colony stimulating activity this was true of two PT reported in the literature yet the tumors could be shown in vitro to produce GM-CSA the RT probably does produce some type of granulocytopoietin but methods for detecting it are presently limited
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in over refugees left the indonesian province of irian jaya and thus possibly imported taenia solium taeniasiscysticercosis into papua new guinea which was believed to be free of t solium until in a serological survey carried out in refugees originating from areas endemic for t solium and patients from other Az with PS suggesting the possibility of cysticercosis were examined as a sensitive prescreening technique an elisa was used with a crude antigen extract obtained from t solium metacestodes of pig origin of persons investigated were positive in elisa for excluding frequently occurring crossreactions in elisa westernblotting or eitb enzymelinked immunoelectrotransfer blot was employed in this test the demonstration of antibody activity to the or the kilodalton band has been proved to be speciesspecific for t solium cysticercosis one from patients positive in elisa was simultaneously positive and kda in western blot corresponding to the first case found in papua new guinea with a highly probable t solium cysticercosis this patient originating from an endemic area in irian jaya had immigrated into papua new guinea in the present work emphasizes the need for using highly specific immunodiagnostic techniques in seroepidemiology of larval cestode infections t solium taeniasiscysticercosis remains a risk for papua new guinea and refugees originating from endemic Az should be regarded as potential carriers of t solium
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this summary investigated correlations between EI and psychological health amongst kuwaiti undergraduate students in psychology men and women m age yr sd there were two measures of emotional intelligence one based on the ability MM the arabic test for EI and the other on the mixed model the emotional intelligence questionnaire participants psychological health was assessed using scales from the personality assessment inventory a weak relationship between the two types of EI was found a rho for scores on the emotional intelligence questionnaire with the PAI was found but not with those of the arabic test for EI regression analysis indicated scores on managing emotions and selfawareness accounted for most of the variance in the association with the PAI significant sex differences were found only on the arabic test for emotional IQ women scored higher than men on emotional intelligence questionnaire measures men had significantly higher means on managing emotions and selfmotivation however no significant differences were found between the sexes on the total emotional IQ questionnaire scores
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the authors describe a case of unilateral adenocarcinoma emerging from the harderian gland filling the right orbital cavity of a florida redbellied turtle pseudemys nelsoni the tumour did not produce any metastasis but presented an expansive growth and led to the dislocation and protrusion of the RA eyeball histopathological analysis revealed the presence of numerous mitotic figures in the cellular population that made up the tumour the tumour cells CR filled the alveoli of the gland and had a nestlike structure the authors also emphasise the importance of the differential diagnosis of this rare pathological change in turtles epithelial hyperplasia of the harderian glands duct observed in animals suffering from VAD can also lead to an enlargement of the eyelid but in these cases the NC usually involves both eyelids symmetrically this is the first description of a harderian gland adenocarcinoma in a florida redbellied turtle
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cold restraint AS crs model exerts similar effect as physiological stress because it combines emotional stress escape reaction and physical stress muscle work it is well established that various responses to AS are regulated by sympathoadrenal system brain monoaminergic systems and oxidative processes nardostachys jatamansi nje is known to possess soothing and sedative action on the CE NS the present investigation was performed to explore the antistress activity of nje on crs MM through its effect on PSA and neurochemical alterations the rats were restrained in metallic chambers for h at °c was followed by sacrifice and assessment of stress related alterations hydroethanolic extract of nje was administrated orally at the doses of and mgkg for days and compared with VC and PG mgkg effects of nje on crs induced oxidative stress including reduced glutathione glutathione peroxidase glutathione reductase glutathionestransferase were estimated dopamine norepinephrine serotonin and hydroxy indole acetic acid were measured in the cerebral cortex hippocampus and hypothalamus by hplc EC detector nje at both doses significantly inhibited crs induced oxidative stress it significantly mitigated crs induced altered level of neurotransmitters in different brain regions the study implied that nje has the ability to provide protection against crs induced oxidative stress and neurochemical alterations findings indicated that nje revealed potent antistress effect implicating its therapeutic importance in stressrelated disorders
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the GN metal ionreducing bacterium shewanella oneidensis mr is motile by means of a single polar flagellum we identified two potential stator systems pomab and motab each individually sufficient as a force generator to drive flagellar rotation physiological studies indicate that pomab is sodiumdependent while motab is powered by the proton motive force flagellar function mainly depends on the pomab stator however the presence of both stator systems under lowsodium conditions results in a faster swimming phenotype based on stator homology analysis we speculate that motab has been acquired by lateral gene transfer as a consequence of adaptation to a lowsodium environment expression analysis at the single cell level showed that both stator systems are expressed simultaneously an active pombmcherry F0 protein effectively localized to the flagellated cell pole in of the population independent of sodium concentrations in contrast polar localization of motbmcherry increased with decreasing sodium concentrations in the absence of the pom stator motbmcherry localized to the flagellated cell pole independently of the sodium concentration but was rapidly displaced upon expression of pomab we propose that selection of the stator occurs at the level of protein localization in response to sodium concentrations
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S9 from cultures of mouse and human tumour cells inhibited the production of interleukin il by stimulated mouse SP cells the tumour cells tested all of which were AS included a mouse and a human melanoma three methylcholanthreneinduced fibrosarcomas of mice and human hela cells S9 from normal mouse and human fibroblasts were inactive inhibition was dosedependent spleen cells from aged mice were more susceptible to inhibition than spleen cells from young mice when tumour cell culture supernatants were fractionated on sephacryl s two peaks of activity were found with apparent molecular weights of approximately and kd S9 from tumour cell and fibroblast cultures caused variable but generally weak inhibition of responses of lymphoblasts to il it is suggested that inhibition of il production may be an important mode of action of tumour cell products that inhibit cellmediated immunity
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singlesided deafness has a strong impact on quality of life besides the difficulties in sound localization patients also require increased effort to hear the latter makes it difficult to follow conversations for an D2 period leading to SI cochlear implantation ci represents a possible treatment option for deafness in one ear
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dehydration of water from surface mg is most likely the ratelimiting step in the dolomite growth at LT here we investigate the role of polysaccharide in this step using CP molecular dynamics md calculations free SE potential of mean force pmf calculations have been performed for water molecules leaving the first two hydration layers above the dolomite surface under the following three conditions without catalyst with monosaccharide mannose and with oligosaccharide three units of mannose md simulations reveal that there is no obvious effect of monosaccharide in lowering the dehydration barrier for surface mg however we found that there are metastable configurations of oligosaccharide which can decrease the dehydration barrier of surface mg by about kcalmol in these configurations the molecule lies relatively flat on the surface and forms a bridge shape the hydrophobic space near the surface created by the nonpolar ch groups of the oligosaccharide in the bridge conformation is the reason for the observed reduction of dehydration barrier
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the effect of LT administration of parathyroid hormone pth on wholebody calcium and AW of individual bones has been studied in normal and OP adult female rats in order to examine whether such a treatment could induce a positive calcium balance osteoporosis was induced by calcium restriction during pregnancy and lactation sequential measurements of wholebody calcium were made by neutron activation in nonosteoporotic IN and TPTX rats a daily dose of units of human pth given subcutaneously for weeks increased wholebody calcium in OP animals units of either bovine pth or human pth given subcutaneously twice daily for weeks increased both wholebody calcium and ash weight of individual bones microradiographic examination of the tibiae indicates however that pth administration does not result in the restoration of individual trabeculae lost during the OD of osteoporosis the results show that pth can enhance skeletal mass in both normal and osteoporotic rats in OP animals the restoration of wholebody calcium and ash weight of individual bones is not accompanied by a return of the morphological structure of the tibia to normal
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sound localization with HAs has traditionally been investigated in artificial laboratory settings these settings are not representative of environments in which hearing aids are used with individual headrelated transfer functions hrtfs and room simulations realistic environments can be reproduced and the performance of hearing aid algorithms can be evaluated in this study four different environments with BG noise have been implemented in which listeners had to localize different sound sources the hrtfs were measured inside the ear canals of the test subjects and by the microphones of behindtheear btes HAs in the first experiment the system for virtual acoustics was evaluated by comparing perceptual sound localization results for the four scenes in a real room with a simulated one in the second experiment sound localization with three bte algorithms an omnidirectional microphone a monaural cardioidshaped beamformer and a monaural noise canceler was examined the results showed that the system for generating virtual environments is a reliable tool to evaluate sound localization with hearing aids with bte hearing aids localization performance decreased and the number of frontback confusions was at chance level the beamformer due to its directivity characteristics allowed the listener to resolve the frontback ambiguity
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we applied the technique of ooplasmic elongating spermatid i.t. to the treatment of nonobstructive azoospermia mature oocytes were injected with elongating spermatids isolated from testicular biopsy material obtained from nonobstructed azoospermic men seventythree oocytes were successfully injected with elongating spermatids and were then cultured for h at h PI oocytes were found to be activated and of them were fertilized fortyone to cell stage embryos developed from normally fertilized oocytes were transferred at least two embryos were transferred to each female partner two pregnancies were achieved elongating spermatid i.t. may have a role in the treatment of nonobstructive azoosperons to and mgmday the leucovorin dose remained at mgday three patients were initially enrolled at each uft dose level the total daily doses of both uft and leucovorin were divided into three doses administered every hr diarrhea became the doselimiting toxicity at mgmday uft with grade diarrhea noted in of the patients receiving that dose to further define a phase ii uft starting dose additional patients were entered at the mgm level of the patients treated at this level developed grade nonhematological toxic effects no partial or complete responses were observed the recommended phase ii uft starting dose is mgmday plus mgday leucovorin since neutropenia significant mucositis and handfoot syndrome were not observed with uft plus leucovorin the toxicity profile of this regimen appears favorable compared with that of intravenous regimens of fluorouracil plus leucovorin this phase i trial of uft served as the basis for a phase ii trial current phase iii trials and a national adjuvant therapy trial of uft for highrisk CC patients
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rickettsia species are gramnegative intracellular small pleomorphic coccobacilli in the rickettsiaceae family this genus is serologically and genotypically divided into four CG as SFG TG rickettsia belli and rickettsia canadensis rickettsia conorii rconorii subsp conorii in the spotted fever group was reported to cause mediterranean spotted fever in europe especially in mediterranean countries including turkey the major vectors of rickettsia species are ticks and in some species fleas or mites in this report a case with rconorii infection was presented a yearold female patient who had anorexia fatigue muscle aches chills and high fever was admitted to a health institution the patient was diagnosed as influenza there was no regression in the patients complaints with the recommended treatment the patient was examined in our infectious diseases clinic and had several symptoms like severe muscle and joint pain with significant HA and rashes at her body including hands and feet the patient had a single eschar in the upper midline of the belly that matched tick biting and pink small maculopapular scars on the trunk arms legs feet and hands considering a rickettsia prediagnosis liquid electrolyte and doxycycline x mg oral treatment was started on the third day of treatment high fever muscle and joint pain were decreased on the fifth day AS skin lesions were started to fade rconorii igm and igg were negative in the first serum sample of the patient in the biopsy sample taken from eschar tissue rickettsia spp was detected as positive with rtpcr pcr was used by using the specific regions of the genetically specific glta and ompa genes in the biopsy specimens and then the pcr products were determined by dna CS analysis the dna CS results were compa red with genbank data and determined that the glta sequence was similar to rconorii with accession number jn and the ompa sequence was similar to rconorii with accession number kr when the phylogenetic tree was created it was observed that the etiological agent was rconorii a week after the treatment in the second SS sample rconorii ifa igm titer and igg titer were detected as positive in this case report we have presented a rickettsia case clinically diagnosed as rickettsia serologically negative in the acute phase pcr positive with PT SC and etiologic agent determined as rconorii
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the bacteria of the intestine have to cope with varying osmotic conditions in their ecosystem in this in vitro study the modified hohenheim gas test hgt was used to determine fermentation activity and bacterial composition of pigs faecal microbial inoculum when fermenting different carbohydrates in corn ST potato starch cellulose pectin under normal buffered and osmotic stress conditions elevated medium salinity T3 h of fermentation gas ammonia and shortchain HFA scfa production was measured and the cell numbers of total eubacteria lactobacillus spp bifidobacterium spp and enterobacteria were analysed using RT PCR reaction there was a significant reduction in gas production T3 h when comparing osmotic stress conditions with normal buffered conditions and there were also differences among carbohydrates under both conditions the content of scfa was significantly lower when comparing osmotic stress with normal buffered conditions under osmotic AS in and CS increased p cell numbers of total eubacteria while bifidobacterium spp and enterobacteria were higher p when corn starch and pectin were fermented respectively in comparison to the other carbohydrates the in vitro system of the modified hgt appears to be suitable to scrutinise effects of carbohydrates on the metabolic activity and composition of the microbial community under osmotic stress conditions as they might occur during situations of osmotic diarrhoea
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we used a substratetrapping technique to search for substrates of protein IMT phosphatase ptp b a catalytically inactive form of this enzyme forms a SD phosphotyrosinedependent complex with epidermal growth factor receptor egfr both in vitro and in cells ptpb also interacts with G1 plateletderived growth factor receptor pdgfr but not with colonystimulating factor receptor csfr T3 IB to egfr ptpb becomes tyrosinephosphorylated at tyr a site that conforms to the consensus IB sequence for the src homology sh domains of the adapter protein grb this IMT phosphorylation is correlated with a fold increase in ptp catalytic activity these findings suggest that ptpb selectively regulates TPS G1 receptor protein IMT kinases rptks in vivo and might itself be regulated by such receptors
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nanoflowers and NS of pds have been prepared for the first time from a single source F0 complex pdclphschchchnh by its one pot thermolysis at °c in oleylamine flower shaped NPs of pds were formed but in an OA oa and octadecene ode mixture the product was nanospheres of pds size in the range ⼠nm and nm respectively these NPs nps were grafted on graphene oxide go at RT to prepare nanocomposites gopds hrtem powder xray diffraction pxrd and temedx have been used to authenticate the NPs and their composites xps of pds nps indicates the oxidation states of pd and s are both zero with a pd s ratio ⼠for the catalysis of suzukimiyaura coupling reactions the NPs individually and in the form of composites with go were explored the flower shaped nps are superior than the spherical ones for this catalysis in AQ ethanol and the catalytic efficiency increases on grafting the nanoflowersspheres onto go the conversion was ⼠in h at °c for the composite of graphene oxide go with the pds nanoflowers pd mol the catalytic efficiency follows the order gopdsnanoflowers gopdsnanospheres pds nanoflowers pds NS the recyclability of the gopds nanoflower catalyst was examined for the coupling reaction and conversion was found to be ⼠in the fourth run even T3 increasing the reaction time to h to understand whether the catalytic process with the gopds nanoflowers was homogeneous or heterogeneous mercury poisoning triphenylphosphine and three phase tests were carried out they suggest that active pd leached from gopds nanoflowers does the catalysis significantly in a homogeneous fashion overall the catalysis appears to be a cocktail of homogeneous and some heterogeneous nature
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autonomic nervous CF in reflux oesophagitis was assessed by measuring the response of the LOS to ABD compression gastric sec response to insulininduced hypoglycaemia and PP rate variability with QO2 rise in IA pressure normally causes an increase in lower oesophageal sphincter pressure through a vagally mediated mechanism in of patients with reflux oesophagitis the sphincter response was subnormal and this was commoner in older patients but was unrelated to the presence of a HH during oesophageal acid perfusion the ON of pain but not that of disordered motility was delayed in those with an abnormal sphincter response suggesting impairment of afferent autonomic CF efferent gastric vagal CF assessed by the gastric sec response to insulin induced hypoglycaemia and expressed as a ratio of the maximal acid SO T3 pentagastrin was subnormal in of patients with reflux oesophagitis pulse rate R2 with deep QO2 an indicator of one aspect of nonalimentary vagal CF was subnormal in of patients with reflux oesophagitis there was no correlation between abnormalities in these three tests of vagal CF or with the severity of oesophagitis these findings suggest that vagal impairment is common in reflux oesophagitis as impairment of vagal CF is not confined to the alimentary system it is unlikely to be simply a consequence of reflux oesophagitis and may be important in the pathogenesis of gastrooesophageal reflux
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a kinematic analysis of the instant centers of rotation analysis was performed on metacarpophalangeal joints from horses manual and computerized methods were used to locate the instant center of rotation on photocopies of transparent composite tracings of a series of radiographs of each joint the instant centers of rotation of the PT phalanx about the distal portion of the third metacarpal bone were located consistently on or near the eminence for att of the collateral ligaments the instant centers of rotation of the sesamoids about the distal portion of the third metacarpal bone were consistently located near the dorsal articular SM of the distal portion of the third metacarpal bone rotation of the joint as it extended caused minor variation in radiographic projection this variation in radiographic projection limited the precision of the analysis of the instant COR and prevented the ID of a single instant center of rotation or an instant center of rotation pathway for the articulation of the PT phalanx or the proximal sesamoids with the distal portion of the third metacarpal bone the articular surface velocity vectors determined from the instant centers of rotation indicated that the joint surfaces slide on each other the motion of the joint caused compression at the dorsal articular margins at maximal extension and thereby limited further extension at this degree of extension the PT sesamoids articulated only with the PT sesamoidmetacarpal articular surface of the distal portion of the third metacarpal bone
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prior work has demonstrated that a conserved nonanucleotide tataagtaa promoter sequence is used by the mitochondrial mt rna polymerase in saccharomyces cerevisiae however the highly atrich yeast mt genome carries many other promoterlike sequences but only a fraction of them are involved in genespecific transcription to examine the sequence variability of this nonanucleotide promoter motif single or multiple nt substitutions were introduced into the canonical promoter sequence the transcriptional activity of these altered promoter sequences was examined under the invitro reaction conditions the results presented here determined that several variant promoter sequences i e taaaagtaa tataagaaa tataagtag tataagaag tataagaga tataaggga tataagtgg taaaagtag were efficiently used by the mtrna polymerase however a single ie aataagtaa tttaagtaa tattagtaa tataactaa tataaggaa tataagtat or multiple tataggaaa taaaaggaa tatagggaa taaaggaaa taaagggaa nt substitutions in other locations drastically reduced mt promoter CF interestingly some of these poorly or partially active promoter variants ie tataaggaa tataagtat tataagtca became fully PET in the presence of sequencespecific dinucleotide primer since CpG primer bypasses the first phosphodiester bond formation in transcription it is suggested that the tg ac and at mutations affect mt transcription at the level of initiation rather than polymerase IB
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insulinlike growth factori igfi is a mitogen for prostate epithelial cells to investigate associations between plasma igf levels and prostate CA risk a nested casecontrol T0 within the physicians health study was conducted on prospectively collected plasma from cases and controls a strong positive association was observed between igfi C2 and prostate cancer risk men in the highest quartile of igfi levels had a or of percent confidence interval to compared with men in the lowest quartile this association was independent of baseline prostatespecific antigen C2 ID of plasma igfi as a predictor of prostate CA risk may have implications for risk reduction and treatment
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the morphological changes caused by freezing and thawing human testicular spermatozoa have been assessed here retrieval of testicular biopsies was carried out on six patients with obstructive azoospermia preparatory to intracytoplasmic sperm injection icsi CS TSM analysis was carried out on testicular cells and ultrastructural analysis was carried out on spermatozoa and different spermatid stages before and T3 the freezing procedure upon examination under LM all germ cells presented increased vacuolization in their cytoplasm and shrinkage or swelling of the nuclei and cytoplasmic CM these altered structures were accentuated in the spermatocyte i cell which often presented disrupted CM the ultrastructural findings under transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that T3 freezing and thawing the L1 types of cryoinjury were the swelling and rupture of inner and outer acrosomal and PMs the acrosome material often appeared as dispersed material or as condensed spots or was even lost such damage was observed mainly at the spermatozoa and late spermatid stages we conclude that the freezing and thawing of testicular biopsies causes similar morphological damage to testicular spermatozoa and frozenthawed ejaculated spermatozoa it is still unclear whether these changes in testicular spermatozoa after freezing and thawing may compromise its use in the icsi procedure
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an audit of diagnoses of syphilis infection managed at the edinburgh genitourinary gu medicine clinic for the period october october in all patients were identified as untreated carriers or contacts requiring treatment partner notification and followup treatment rate was in the audit population among this patient group were offered testing for other sexually transmitted infections stis with a positivity rate of the hiv testing rate was resulting in five new diagnoses
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the MHV mouse hepatitis virus mhv strain a causes acute encephalitis and chronic demyelinating disease as well as hepatitis in mice the jhm CS also called mhv or jhmsd causes fatal encephalitis and only minimal SH previous analysis of chimeric recombinant mhvs in which the spike gene encoding the protein that mediates viral entry and celltocell F0 was exchanged between jhm and a showed that the spike plays a L1 role in determining organ tropism and neurovirulence but that other genes also play important roles in pathogenic outcome here we have investigated the role of the nucleocapsid protein in mhvinduced disease the multifunctional nucleocapsid protein is complexed with the genomic rna interacts with the viral membrane protein during virion assembly and plays an import role in enhancing the efficiency of transcription a pair of chimeric recombinant viruses in which the nucleocapsid gene was exchanged between jhm and a was selected and compared to wildtype parental strains in terms of virulence importantly expression of the jhm nucleocapsid in the context of the a genome conferred increased mortality and spread of viral antigen in the mouse CNS system compared to the parental a strain while having little effect on the induction of SH while the jhm nucleocapsid did not appear to enhance neurontoneuron spread in primary neuronal cultures the increased neurovirulence it conferred may be due in part to the induction of a less robust tcell response than that induced by CS a
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hypertonic saline was infused into volunteers to osmotically stimulate vasopressin secretion a strong positive correlation between plasma arginine vasopressin pavp and plasma osmolality pos was obtained defined by the function pavp pos r p the sensitivity of vasopressin secretion to osmotic stimulation was represented by the slope of the expression and the theoretical threshold of vasopressin release by the abscissal intercept plasma osmolality at the ON of thirst was ± mmolkg application of hypertonic saline infusion to polyuric patients clearly separated those with normal osmoregulation of vasopressin secretion from those with cranial diabetes insipidus
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FUS fus is usually based on frequencies below mhztypically around mhz although this allows good penetration into tissue it limits the minimum lesion dimensions that can be achieved in this study we investigate devices to allow fus at much higher frequencies in principle reducing the minimum lesion dimensions furthermore fus can produce deepsubmillimeter demarcation between viable and necrosed tissue highfrequency devices may allow this to be exploited in superficial applications which may include dermatology ophthalmology treatment of the vascular system and treatment of early dysplasia in epithelial tissue in this paper we explain the methodology we have used to build highfrequency highintensity transducers using y°cut lithium niobate this material was chosen because its low losses give it the potential to allow veryhighfrequency T0 at harmonics of the fundamental operating frequency a range of singleelement transducers with center frequencies between and mhz were built and the transducers efficiency and acoustic power output were measured a focused mhz transducer was built with multiple elements operating together and tested using an ultrasound phantom and mri scans it was shown to increase phantom temperature by °c in a localized area of x mm in the plane of the mri scan ex vivo tests on poultry tissue were also performed and shown to create lesions of similar dimensions this study therefore demonstrates that it is feasible to produce highfrequency transducers capable of highresolution fus using lithium niobate
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a yearold man was admitted to keio UH in april with complaints of right ABD pain and WL hypotonic duodenography showed a mass located in the rd portion of the duodenum endoscopic biopsy specimens disclosed diffuse large cell nonhodgkins lymphoma of the duodenum the patient was initially treated with courses of chop albeit with no response a pancreatoduodenectomy and radiotherapy yielded a pCR a year later lymphoma recurred in the RA mandible SSG and a second complete remission was obtained after courses of chop and radiation however lymphomas also recurred in the intestine and lungs and the patient DOD progression months after diagnosis lymphoma cells were surface cd and cd positive an examination of resected intestinal tissues disclosed lymphoma cells morphologically resemble large granular lymphocytes with rearranged tcr genes these findings indicated the diagnosis of natural killerlike nklike TCL compared with previously reported cases of nklike TCL this case was noteworthy for an unusual clinical course characterized by initial appearance in the duodenum recurrence in a variety of extranodal organs and the relatively LTS of the patient
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we attempted to characterize the hydroxytryptamine ht receptor typesubtype and mediator mechanisms involved in the contractile effects of ht in the in situ autoperfused kidney of longterm diabetic rats diabetes was induced in male WR by a single subcutaneous injection of alloxan intraarterial ia bolus i.t. of ht to μgkg increased RPP in a dose dependent way but did not affect the systemic blood pressure in LT diabetic rats the selective ht receptor agonist αmethylht caused a local vasoconstrictor effect in the in situ autoperfused rat kidney similar to ht however bwc a selective htb IL-1ra mcpp chlorophenylpiperazine a selective htbc receptor agonist the ht IL-1ra 5-CT ct and the selective ht receptor agonist phenylbiguanide did not modify the renal perfusion pressure in LT diabetic rats vasoconstriction elicited by ht and αmethylht was significantly decreased by ritanserin a ht receptor antagonist spiperone a hta receptor antagonist and the cyclooxygenase cox inhibitors indomethacin nonselective cox inhibitor fr or nimesulide selective cox and cox inhibitors respectively but was not modified by i.c.v. with sb dihydromethylnpyridinylbenzobbdipyrrolehcarboxamide hydrochloride a nonselective htc receptor antagonist prazosin propranolol enalapril or LOS the results of protein expression support these results cox and cox are expressed in renal tissue COX-2 cox is overexpressed in LT diabetes our data suggest that in the insitu autoperfused kidney of LT diabetic rats ht vasoconstrictor action is mediated through cyclooxygenase pathway by local activation of hta receptors
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fibroblasts need anchorage to EM to transit from g to s phase but no longer after oncogenic transformation here we report that cdc protein essential for the activation of replication origins requires anchorage or oncogenic stimulation for its execution upon anchorage loss cdc expression is shut off both transcriptionally and posttranscriptionally in a rat fibroblast despite enforced activation of efdependent promoters however stimulation of this cell with oncogenic growth AF suppresses this shutoff and concurrently activates cdk and cdk thereby overriding the anchorage requirement for the gs transition and consequently enabling cells to perform anchorageindependent s phase entry analysis with enforced expression of cdc indicates that the g cyclindependent kinases and cdc constitute major Tc targets for the restriction of the gs transition by anchorage loss
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persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn pphn is characterized by sustained vasospasm and an increased thromboxaneprostacyclin ratio thromboxane tp receptors signal via gαq to mobilize ip and ca causing pulmonary arterial constriction we have previously reported increased tp internalization in hypoxic pulmonary arterial pa myocytes serumdeprived pa myocytes were grown in normoxia nm or hypoxia hm for h tp localization was visualized in agonistnaïve and challenged nm and hm by immunocytochemistry pathways for agonistinduced tp receptor internalization were determined by inhibiting caveolin or clathrinmediated endocytosis and caveolar fractionation roles of actin and tubulin in tp receptor internalization were assessed using inhibitors of tubulin actinstabilizing or destabilizing agents pka pkc or grk activation and inhibition were used to determine the kinase responsible for postagonist receptor internalization agonistnaïve hm had decreased cell surface tp and greater tp internalization after agonist challenge tp protein did not sort with caveolinrich fractions inhibition of clathrin prevented tp internalization both actinstabilizing and destabilizing agents prevented tp endocytosis in nm while normalizing tp internalization in hm velocity of tp internalization was unaffected by pka activity but pkc activation normalized tp receptor internalization in hm grk inhibition had no effect we conclude that in hypoxic myocytes tp is internalized faster and to a greater extent than in normoxic controls internalization of the agonistchallenged tp requires clathrin dynamic actin and is CS to pkc activity tp receptor trafficking and signaling in hypoxia are pivotal to understanding increased vasoconstrictor sensitivity
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apoptosis of neurons and glial cells has been shown to occur in the BB of patients with the AIDS syndrome aids and was postulated as contributing to brain atrophy and white matter damage in these patients since apoptotic events may be induced by the fasfas ligand fasl system we analyzed the relevance of these molecules to cell SD in eight brains from HIV+ patients and nine HIV- controls all of whom were analyzed histopathologically the presence of fas and fasl in brain tissue was analyzed by pcr amplification using fas and faslspecific oligonucleotide primers and immunohistochemistry the visualization of dna fragmentation was used to evaluate apoptosis fas transcripts were detected in brains from each of four aids patients each of three asymptomatic hiv carriers and each of two HIV- controls in the brains from aids patients the level of fas expression was higher than in asymptomatic carriers and uninfected controls fasl transcripts were seen in three of seven hivinfected brains two aids cases and one asymptomatic hiv carrier the predominant fasexpressing cells were reactive astrocytes seen in each of two aids patients and one preaids case but not in hivnegative controls occasional faspositive oligodendrocytelike cells were also seen in aids and preaids cases no significant expression of fas and fasl was seen in SN faspositive reactive astrocytes were more frequent in foci of hiv encephalitis hive in the same area reactive AI astrocytes were seen in close vicinity to faslexpressing cd t lymphocytes suggesting that apoptosis of astrocytes is mediated by fasfasl the fas expression on glial cells in asymptomatic hiv infection may indicate apoptosis already in the asymptomatic stage of hiv disease in aids brains expression of fas and fasl may contribute to the loss of glial cells and indirectly to the loss of neurons
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exp and PCTs were made to compare systemic effects of bipolarimpulse and sinusoidal modulated currents including redistribution of extracellular liquid when used in patients with temporomandibular painful dysfunction syndrome and temporomandibular deforming arthrosis the technique developed by the author promoted normalization of locomotor CF and has a definite lymphodraining action
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relaxin is safe and efficient to use for treating acute heart failure however the electrophysiological and arrhythmogenic effects of relaxin in an exp healing infarction model remain unknown in this study a rat MM with myocardial infarction mi received relaxin mgkg per day or VH sodium acetate infusion via implantable minipumps for weeks thereafter hemodynamic measurement EP T0 histological examination and immunofluorescence labeling were performed relaxin treatment significantly att tachyarrhythmia inducibility and cardiac dysfunction in healing infarcted heart epicardial monophasic action potentials showed that relaxin significantly reduced the dispersion of action potential duration in postinfarcted NF histological study revealed that relaxin significantly reduced myocardial apoptosis and cardiac fibrotic collagen deposition western blot revealed that relaxin treatment significantly suppressed the protein expression C2 of tgfβ αsma and type i collagen furthermore abnormal alterations of connexin including reduction and lateralization were significantly attenuated by relaxin treatment at the infarcted BZ this T0 provides strong evidence that continuous relaxin MI ameliorates cardiac fibrosis and apoptosis attenuates remodeling of gap junction and focal heterogeneity of repolarization and reduces vulnerability to tachyarrhythmias
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a simple highly sensitive and TPS immunosensing CA for rapid PCD and quantification of escherichia EHEC in meat and water samples based on the electrocatalytic properties of gold NPs aunps towards hydrogen evolution reaction and superparamagnetic microbeads mbs as preconcentrationpurification platforms without the need of broth enrichment is developed for the first time minced beef and water samples inoculated with different concentrations of e EHEC have been tested using antie coli omagnetic beads conjugate mbspecab as a capture platform and sandwiching afterwards with aunps modified with secondary antibodies aunpssecab and detected using chronoamperometric measurement with screenprinted carbon electrodes spces PCD limits lod of and cfuml were obtained in buffer solution minced beef and tap water samples respectively with a broad PCD range of cfuml in all cases recoveries percentages T3 spiking of different samples of both minced beef and tap water with and cfuml were and in beef and and in water respectively specificity reproducibility and comparison with a commercial lateral flow kit in terms of lod and detection range were also studied showing clear advantages of the electrochemical method performance the successful application of this aunps based technology in minced beef and tap water indicates the possibility of its using in various food items and other water resources
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a rare case of RA vasculitis and responses to a year supervised exercise program this patient presented with significant impairment in mobility and physical work capacity his exercise tolerance improved considerably and he benefited emotionally
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two tubular capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection cd cells with different geometric dimensions were evaluated with regard to their main analytical characteristics under nonseparation and separation conditions in conjunction with liquid chromatography a comparison of the performance of the tubular cells to a previously tested TLC detection cell was drawn additionally using a theoretical MM the experimental results were compared with sets of calculated values and partially enabled to model the complex behavior of cd PCD in combination with highperformance liquid chromatography hplc while cell is characterized by a geometric cell volume of μl a wall thickness of μm and an inner diameter of μm the respective values for cell are μl μm and μm the main analytical parameters were evaluated using a potassium chloride kcl solution the limits of PCD were μm kcl às m for cell and μm kcl às m for cell which compares well to the previously found μm for the thinlayer cell a pair of linear ranges was found for both cells in a concentration interval ranging from à to à m corresponding to à to às m kcl respectively furthermore the detector cells were applied to the hplc separation of a MM compound system consisting of BA lactic acid octanesulphonic acid and sodium capronate separation of the EDC was achieved with a biospher psi c column using aqueous acetonitrile mobile phase calibration curves for the examined MM system were well correlated r² and it was found that under separation conditions the arrangement with the lower cell volume cell yields higher sensitivity and respectively lower limits of PCD for all model EDC compared with the TLC cell the tubular cells show better overall performance in regard to the determined analytical characteristics
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to evaluate the effect of a norepinephrineinduced differential increase in mean arterial pressure on splanchnic and renal perfusion in a porcine MM of volumeresuscitated endotoxic shock
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in idiopathic parkinsons disease pd AD is frequent causing orthostatic SH the respective roles of disease progression and DA treatment remain unclear in this T0 we investigated the autonomic control of cardiovascular functions and its relation to ldopa therapy in both newly diagnosed nd and longtermtreated lt patients T0 subjects were nine nd patients never having undergone treatment with ldopa lt patients who had been receiving ldopa treatment for a long period nd patients were investigated before ldopa treatment and T3 stabilization of their ldopa dosage lt patients were investigated once with their regular treatment and once after a h interruption of LD treatment nine healthy subjects served as controls at each test session blood pressure bp heart rate hr CA heart rate R2 hrv and SBR sensitivity were assessed in the supine and upright positions before receiving ldopa medication nd patients had reduced ei ratios hr responsedeep PLB and lowered hrv when compared to controls this was evidence of early effects of the disease on autonomic hr control introduction of ldopa treatment reduced bp hr and plasma levels of adrenaline and noradrenaline similar changes were found in lt patients when contrasting the ST treatment interruption and the usual ldopa dosage the treatmentlinked increase in plasma dopamine also correlated with the decrease in noradrenaline these results showed that mild impairment of autonomic cardiovascular control occurred early in the course of pd they also provided evidence that the SE of ldopa aggravated the impairment of the autonomic control of bp and hr
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four colonies of rats were tested for their ability to produce adjuvantinduced arthritis oxazolone contact hypersensitivity and the dextran anaphylactoid reaction tuck wistar and hooded lister rats both of which respond to dextran showed disseminated inflammatory lesions T3 adjuvant and exhibited oxazolone sensitisation regardless of the age of the animal spontaneously hypertensive rats which at all ages respond to dextran also responded to adjuvant and oxazolone but only when aminotriazole has been found to be an inhibitor of fatty FAS by isolated rat HCs halfmaximal inhibition of fatty acid synthesis occurs at approximately mm acetylcoa carboxylase activity in homogenates of HCs is not affected by previous exposure of the IN cells to aminotriazole the drug opposes the activation of partially purified acetylcoa carboxylase by citrate but does not influence CEA in the absence of citrate as compared to fatty acid synthesis cholesterol synthesis by the hepatocytes is more drastically depressed by incubation of the cells with aminotriazole halfmaximal inhibition of cholesterogenesis occurs at approximately mm aminotriazole
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technetiumm PYP was investigated for use as an indicator of intestinal infarction in intussuscepted bowel irreducible intussusceptions were created in eight AD mongrel dogs technetiummpyrophosphate was then injected intravenously and hrs later for external scanning in six of the dogs infarction developed in the intussusception and each demonstrated increased uptake of mtcpyrophosphate on in vivo scintiscans the two dogs without infarction showed no increase uptake of the RN wellcounting and specimen scanning confirmed increased RN in the infarcted intussusceptions these observations suggest that mtcpyrophosphate of intestinal and blood parasites seven villages along the palu river drainage system with an estimated popualtion of were surveyed and stools blood smears and sera were collected and examined
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twenty cases of PM localized and diffuse MPM cases of diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma and case of mesothelial hyperplasia were reported the prominent clinical manifestations of malignant mesothelioma was serosal effusion the exudate was bloody mucinous and of high specific gravity it contained numerous mesothelial cells the diagnosis is difficult because mesothelial PH and other malignant PT may mimic mesothelioma in some clinical aspects roentgenography ct scan cytology of serosal fluid and biopsy world help to establish the diagnosis of mesothelioma immunohistochemical features of cases of mesothelioma is negative immunostaining for carcino embryonic antigen cea and positive for keratin antigen in one case ultrastructural examination showed characteristic features of epithelial mesothelioma cells the average survival period in case of chemotherapy andor surgical intervention in patients of this series was months mesothelial hyperplasia has rather good prognosis but the strategy of therapy may be conservative
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the effects of different setting times min on the rheological properties of cold thickened proteinbased beverage pbb samples prepared with different xanthan gum xgbased food thickeners were examined in this T0 four commercial xgbased food thickeners coded ad and three commercial pbb products whole milk SM and soybean milk were used to prepare thickened pbb samples at a thickener concentration the fastest increases in η
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the microrna mir is downregulated in several cancers including bladder cancer however mirs role in the invasion metastasis and chemosensitivity of bladder cancer cells remains unclear this study was conducted to determine mirs role on the lymphangiogenic molecule VE growth factor c vegfc and their effects upon bladder cancer cell migration invasion and chemosensitivity to cisplatin
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MC is often selflimited and without sequelae most commonly the result of the viral infection recently it has been pointed out that there are some cases of myocarditis progressing to a chronic phase like dilated cardiomyopathy worsening CHF and findings of new electrocardiographic changes are the most catastrophic sometimes fatal perioperative events we experienced a case of a yearold woman with previous history of idiopathic acute cardiomyopathy for noncardiac surgery for electrocardiogram monitoring a fivelead system to detect the intraoperative ICM events was used to detect frequent sttwave CA reducing cardiac irritability and preventing infection are the main points for this anesthetic management we gave GA anesthesia not combining with EA to avoid EPI abscess which may cause recurrence of myocarditis we employed total intravenous anesthesia tiva technique using propofol administration with tci system and repetitive fentanyl i.v. propofol target concentration was titrated according to bispectral index bis between the patient emerged quite well within minutes after discontinuing propofol we could maintain hemodynamics stably and no severe adverse effects were observed perioperatively thus this anesthesia technique was safe and useful to maintain the hemodynamics stably in the case with previous history of idiopathic acute cardiomyopathy
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MAC mac is an infrequent pulmonary pathogen in immunocompetent hosts in patients with aids mac causes disseminated infection dmac in up to of those with cd counts less than cellsmm a significant portion of the TB burden of mac is found inside macrophages and the CSD of organisms has implications for drug therapy clarithromycin azithromycin and rifabutin all appear to enter these cells well rifampicin rifampin ethambutol ciprofloxacin and other agents also appear to enter these cells mac susceptibility is probably best tested using the radiometric method bactec susceptibility breakpoints have been proposed for the various antimac agents however solid clinical correlations have been achieved only for clarithromycin further research is required to establish breakpoints for the other agents based on current data azithromycin and clarithromycin appear to be key drugs in the treatment of mac while rifabutin has been used more often than rifampicin in studies involving patients with aids among the drugs traditionally used for m tuberculosis tb ethambutol rifampicin and streptomycin are perhaps the most useful for mac amikacin and clofazimine may also be useful the limited data available on aids patients with mac plus additional data from aids patients with tb suggest that malabsorption of the oral antimycobacterial drugs is common some drugs rifampicin and ethambutol appear to be particularly affected because most of the studies of dmac have not evaluated the pharmacokinetics of the drugs questions of drug tau cannot be separated from questions of biovailability this significant oversight in study design should be eliminated from future investigations patientspecific susceptibility data combined with TDM and dosage individualisation is one way to identify problems with drug therapy and to overcome them because many of the drugs used in patients with aids affect the metabolism of concurrently used drugs therapeutic drug monitoring is a valuable asset for untangling multiple drug interactions since drug therapy is the only aspect of a mycobacterial infection within our control the better we control the drug therapy the better our patients should do
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to evaluate the clinical outcomes of wave frontguided wfg photorefractive keratectomy prk using a highdefinition aberrometer in corneas with keratoconus at least year T3 corneal collagen crosslinking cxl
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we used SDM to alter the specificity of human cystatin c an inhibitor with a broad CR against cysteine proteinases nine cystatin c SCV containing CAA substitutions in the NT lw vw vf and vr andor the cterminal wg enzymebinding regions were designed and produced in escherichia coli it was discovered that the inhibition profile of the cystatin could be altered by changing residues and which are proposed to bind in the s and s substratebinding pockets respectively of the enzymes all of the variants with substitutions in the NT segment displayed decreased binding to cathepsins b and h indicating that the s and s pockets of these enzymes cannot easily accommodate C1 aromatic residues the introduction of a charged residue into s variant vr created a more TPS inhibitor to distinguish cathepsin b from cat h cat l showed a preference for larger aromatic residues in s in contrast cathepsin s preferred phenylalanine to valine in s but bound less tightly t pmol of galanin n or nmoles of carbachol n or a coinjection of carbachol and galanin n significant carbacholinduced cerebral blood flow increases were noted in ipsilateral cortices p in the cingulate to p in the parietal somatosensory cortices but also in ipsilateral hippocampus and ipsilateral thalamus these CBF blood flow increases were abolished by the coinjection of carbachol and galanin while infusions of galanin CT failed to affect CBF blood flow cholinergic stimulation of the SI represents thus a good MM for the analysis of the detailed pharmacological properties of the ACh vasodilatatory basalocortical system the existence of an GABA galaninergic modulation of this system could be of particular interest in terms of cerebrovascular reactivity in various neurodegenerative states
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in patients with chronic lymphatic leukaemia cll the lipids were examined quantitatively and qualitatively in the SS and in the lymphocytes besides the main categories of lipids LL sphingomyelin lecithin and cephalin as well as CE subfractions were determined according to their degree of saturation of their fatty acids patients suffering from cll were found to have a moderately raise of serum triglycerides and an increase of cholesterol esters with simple unsaturated fatty acids simultaneously the fraction of ester with polyunsaturated fatty acids is lowered leukaemic lymphocytes reveal in GA a lowered total lipid content it mainly consists of phosphatides and FC moreover the leukaemic lymphocytes contrary to normal ones reveal a lowered content of cholesterol esters diglycerides and triglycerides
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endothelin et exerts its biological actions through two receptor subtypes endothelina eta receptor and endothelinb etb receptor we demonstrated previously that et induces SVR and renal cortical vasoconstriction via eta whereas etb mediates medullary vasodilation CHF chf is characterized by increased vascular resistance and impaired renal hemodynamic and excretory CF while the pathophysiological effects of et in chf are well established the status of eta and etb in the kidney is poorly characterized the present study examined the immunostaining and localization of eta and etb in the renal cortex and medulla of rats with exp chf induced by aortocaval fistula rats with chf were further subdivided based on their daily urinary sodium excretion into rats with compensated urinary sodium excretion microeqday and decompensated chf urinary sodium excretion microeqday eta is predominantly localized to the cortex mainly in the peritubular capillaries and is upregulated in rats with compensated and decompensated chf compared with sham controls in contrast etb is preferentially expressed in the outer and inner medulla mainly in the vasa recta the thick ascending limb of henles loop and the collecting duct while compensated chf is associated with upregulation of etb in the collecting duct and vasa recta decompensated chf is accompanied with enhanced etb abundance in the vasa recta and remarkable downregulation of this receptor AT1 in the collecting duct the findings suggest that upregulation of eta may lead to a decrease in cortical blood flow while upregulation of etb in the vasa recta probably contributes to the preservation of medullary blood flow furthermore downregulation of etb in the collecting duct only in rats with decompensated chf could contribute to sodium retention in that subgroup
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east is characterized by concepts of transcendence of ego structure equality of mind to body and psychic structure of emptiness or nothingness west is on the other hand characterized by concepts of ego strength superiority of mind to body and psychic structure of fullness namely in the east ego is not strengthened but dispersed into relationships of a person with other persons animated and inanimated others there is no differentiation between mind and body also there is a traditional way of reaching a psychic state of emptiness or nothingness which is found in zenbuddhism however in the west nothingness or emptiness has only negative meaning west has also linear way of thinking that one lives by developing oneself towards god as progress whereas east has circular way of thinking like nietzches word etern p and mdm antibodies using the standard avidin biotin immunoperoxidase method nuclear IF for both p and mdm was calculated as the percentage of labeled nuclei out of a total number of RT cells counted the percentage of p and mdmpositive cells showed a significant relationship with tumor grade and recurrence p and p p and p respectively in addition a weak inverse relationship was found between p and mdm values r p and mdm reactivities are valuable parameters in predicting recurrence in SF bladder CA thus mdm expression appears to play a role in predicting biologic SMB in superficial transitional carcinoma of the bladder
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ultrasound imaging in combination with microbubble contrast agents has demonstrated its potential for molecular imaging of vascular targets in this article we systematically review the technologies related to ultrasound molecular imaging first we introduce the basic principles of ultrasound molecular imaging then we discuss ultrasound microbubble CAs this includes selection requirements for targeted contrast agent ligands and receptors targeted ultrasound contrast agent preparation targeted ultrasound contrast agent ligands connection methods and microbubble ultrasound contrast agent safety issues the use of ultrasound molecular imaging in diagnosis and treatment as well as some issues relating to high intensity FUS and ultrasound molecular imaging applications in disease diagnosis are also discussed applications include detection of inflammation thrombus tumors and neovascularization consideration is also given to the acoustic characteristics of microbubbles and the acoustic principles underlying microbubble ultrasound imaging several microbubble scattering models are highlighted including the rayleighplesset MM the rayleighplessetnoltingkneppirasporitsky model the herring MM the marmottant MM and the nonspherical bubble dynamics MM the interaction between two microbubbles and the effect of radiation on the microbubbles is also discussed finally from an engineering perspective we summarize the techniques used to improve the SQ of ultrasound molecular images harmonic imaging perfusion imaging and deconvolution technology it is inevitable that ultrasound molecular imaging will continue to mature and can be expected to play an increasingly larger role in diagnosis and treatment of human diseases in the near future
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melatonin possesses antiestrogenic effects on estrogen receptor expressing er breast CA cells in culture by reducing Tc progression and cell proliferation there is increasing PA that on a cellular level the effects of melatonin are primarily induced by the membranebound receptor mt the participation of a second nuclear receptor of the group of liganddependent transcription AF called rzralpha is under debate in this T0 we used a number of breast CA cell lines differing in their expression of the estrogen receptor and the two known melatonin receptors in mcf breast CA cells transfected with a vector carrying the mt gene mcfmela binding of crebprotein to the campresponsive element of the breast cancer suppressing gene brca was more strongly reduced by treatment with melatonin than in the parental cells expression of estrogen responsive genes was determined in serumstarved cells cells stimulated for hr with estradiol and cells subsequently treated with melatonin expression of brca p pwaf and cmyc were upregulated by estradiol treatment of the stimulated cells with melatonin counteracted the increase induced by estradiol almost completely the more mt a cell L1 expressed the stronger was the reduction of the expression of the estradiolinduced genes there was no correlation between the expression of the nuclear receptor rzralpha and the effects of melatonin on these genes
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the determination of CDT cdt in SS has been suggested as a marker of AA we evaluated SS cdt in patients admitted to our department of medicine using a commercially available radioimmunoassay kit for cdt a history of alcohol consumption was obtained quantitatively by a selfadministered questionnaire and qualitatively by the munich ALC test using a cutoff level of g ethanol per day according to the information from the questionnaire cdt had a sensitivity of and a specificity of falsepositive values were primarily encountered in cases of hepatic malignoma primary biliary cirrhosis and CH c the sensitivity and specificity of cdt was superior to two other markers of chronic ethanol consumption serum gammaglutamyltransferase and MCV and thus proved to be the best single laboratory test for the detection of AA
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to describe the fine needle aspiration cytology findings of apocrine carcinoma of breast and correlate them with the histologic appearance
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the accurate diagnosis and classification of autoimmune SH aih rely upon the detection of characteristic autoantibodies positivity for antinuclear ana andor antismooth muscle sma autoantibodies defines aih type aih whereas antiliver kidney microsomal type antilkm andor antiliver cytosol type antilc define aih type aih ana and sma and less commonly antilkm have also been detected in denovo AIH developing after CL transplantation a condition that may affect patients Tx for nonautoimmune MLD the diagnostic autoantibodies associated with aih are also detected in the paediatric aihsclerosing cholangitis overlap syndrome referred to as autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis asc asc like AD PSC is often associated with atypical perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies panca although panca are also detected in other autoimmune liver diseases these associations highlight the necessity for simple and prompt diagnostic autoantibody testing and the requirement for the accurate interpretation of the results of the tests in the clinical context finemapping of antigenic autoantibody targets has facilitated the OD of rapid molecular assays that have the potential to revolutionise the field if properly standardised and when used in combination with classical immunofluorescence despite their diagnostic significance the pathogenic role of the various autoantibodies and the mechanisms by which they can potentially inflict damage onto the liver cell remain a topic for further research
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the OD of quantum plasmonic circuitry requires efficient coupling between quantum emitters and plasmonic waveguides a major experimental challenge is to simultaneously maximize the surface plasmon propagation length the coupling efficiency into the plasmonic mode and the purcell factor addressing this challenge is also the key to enabling longrange SE transfer between quantum nanoemitters here we use a dualbeam scanning confocal microscope to carefully investigate the interactions between FL NPs and surface plasmons on singlecrystalline silver nanowires by exciting the FL nanoparticles via nanowire surface plasmons we maximize the lightmatter interactions and reach coupling efficiencies up to together with à lifetime reduction and μm propagation lengths this improved optical performance enables the demonstration of longrange plasmonmediated fluorescence energy transfer between two nanoparticles separated by micrometer distance our results provide guidelines toward practical realizations of efficient longrange FET for integrated plasmonics and quantum nanooptics
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MTR mtr a member of aureolic group of anticancer antibiotic binds reversibly to double stranded dna via minor groove with gc base specificity it leads to inhibition of replication and transcription results from different laboratories have shown that at and above physiological ph mg is an obligatory factor for the dna binding and subsequent transcription GABA property of MTR zn is another physiologically important bivalent cation its coordination property leads to its important role as a cofactor in different enzymes and nucleosomal dna binding proteins characterization of the complex between MTR and zn using spectroscopic methods shows that the drug forms single type of complex with zn in the mole ratio of in terms of antibiotic zn dna binding properties of the mtrzn complex has been studied using CT dna rat CL chromatin and nucleosome core mtrzn complex binds to CT dna with affinity higher than the corresponding dimer complex with mg ion the presence of histone proteins in chromatin and nucleosome reduces the accessibility and hence BP of mtrzn complex to nucleosomal dna we have also examined the effect of mtrzn complex upon the stability of nucleosome core particle the complex disassembles nucleosome structure leading to the PR of nucleosomal dna significance of the results to understand the molecular basis of the action of the drug in vivo is discussed
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although originally developed for predicting transfusion outcomes of serologically incompatible blood the MMA mma is uid csf pressure and normal or slit ventricles lumboperitoneal shunting had been favored by many investigators for csf diversion in iih for decades however it has been associated with various SE because of the small VVI size adequate positioning of a VVI catheter is challenging
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the APTT provides a convenient and CS screening procedure for deficiencies of thromboplastic AF especially factors viii and ix the test is carried out after preincubating the plasma for T2 with kaolin and inosithin is used as a PLT substitevokes an immediate and more transient response in which leucocytic emigration occurs less frequently it is concluded that either hageman factor produces its inflammatory effects by mechanisms other than kinin PR or bradykinin released endogenously has effects quite different from those resulting from a single i.t. of the exogenous material
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patients with inflammatory bowel diseases ibd have an increased risk of clostridium difficile infection cdi cathelicidins are antimicrobial peptides that attenuate colitis and inhibit the effect of clostridial toxins plasma calcifediol ohd stimulates production of cathelicidins
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this T0 aims to develop a composite biomarker that can accurately measure the sequential biological stages of alzheimers disease ad on an individual level we selected subjects from the alzheimers disease neuroimaging initiative datasets ten biomarkers from brain CF and structure cerebrospinal fluid and cognitive performance were integrated using the eventbased probabilistic MM to estimate their optimal temporal sequence soptimal we identified the numerical order of the soptimal as the characterizing alzheimers disease risk events care index to measure disease stage the results show that in the soptimal hippocampal and posterior cingulate SC network biomarkers occur first followed by aberrant cerebrospinal fluid amyloidβ and ptau C2 then cognitive deficit and finally regional gray matter loss and fusiform network abnormality the care index significantly correlates with disease severity and exhibits high reliability our findings demonstrate that use of the care index would advance ad stage measurement across the whole ad continuum and facilitate personalized treatment of ad
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the presence of chronic unresolvable stresses leads to negative health outcomes including OD of clinical depressiondepressive disorders with outcome severity being correlated with depressive symptom severity one of the L1 outcomes associated with chronic AS and depression is the development of cardiovascular disease cvd and an elevated cvd risk profile however in epidemiological research sex disparities are evident with premenopausal women suffering from depressive symptoms more acutely than men but also demonstrating a relative protection from the ON of cvd given this we investigated the differential effect of sex on conduit i.a. and resistance arteriolar function in male and female mice following wk of an unpredictable chronic mild stress ucms protocol in males plasma cortisol and depressive symptom severity eg coat status anhedonia delayed grooming were elevated by ucms endotheliumdependent dilation to methacholineacetylcholine was impaired in conduit arteries and skeletal muscle arterioles suggesting a severe loss of nitric oxide bioavailability and increased production of thromboxane a vs prostaglandin i associated with elevated reactive oxygen species ros and an increased level of systemic inflammation endotheliumindependent dilation was intact in females depressive PS and plasma cortisol increases were more severe than in males although alterations to VR were blunted including the effects of elevated ros and inflammation on dilator responses these results suggest that compared with males female rats are more susceptible to chronic AS in terms of the severity of depressive behaviors but that the subsequent development of vasculopathy is blunted owing to an improved ability to tolerate elevated ros and SVR inflammatory stress
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recent PCTs of hypofractionated radiation treatment have provided critical insights into the safety and efficacy of hypofractionation however there remains much controversy in the field both at the level of clinical practice and in our understanding of the underlying radiobiological mechanisms in this article we review the clinical literature on hypofractionated radiation treatment for breast prostate and other malignancies we highlight several ongoing clinical trials that compare outcomes of a hypofractionated approach versus those obtained with a conventional approach lastly we outline some of the preclinical and clinical evidence that argue in favor of differential radiobiological mechanisms underlying hypofractionated RT emerging data from the ongoing studies will help to better define and guide the rational use of hypofractionation in future years
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molecular dynamics md simulations of the ssDNA CAG tgg with the g guanines crosslinked by the antitumor drug cisplatin were performed with explicit representation of the water as solvent the purpose of the simulations was to explain previous nmr observations indicating that in ssDNA cisplatindna adducts the crosslinked guanines adopt a LH helical orientation whereas in duplexes the orientation is righthanded the analysis of the md trajectory of tgg has ascribed a crucial role to hydrogenbonding direct or throughwater interactions of the oriented nh ligand of Pt with acceptor CG at the side of the crosslink namely the tpg phosphate and the terminal oh group these interactions bring about some strain into the trinucleotide which is slightly but significantly kcalmol higher for the righthanded orientation than for the lefthanded one during the unconstrained ns long md simulation LH conformations were times more abundant than the RH ones this sampling difference agrees roughly with the calculated energy difference in strain SE overall these results show that the ptgg crosslink within ssDNA is malleable and can access different conformations at a moderate energy cost this malleability could be of importance in interactions between the platinated dna and cellular proteins in which the dna is locally unwound
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this T0 investigates racial and ethnic disparities in hospital admission and ER visit rates resulting from exposure to ozone and fine particulate matter C2 in excess of federal standards excess AR we generate zip codelevel ambient pollution exposures and hospital event rates using state datasets and use pollution impact estimates in the epidemiological literature to calculate excess attributable risk for racialethnic groups in california over we find that black residents experienced roughly times the excess AR of WG residents hispanic residents were exposed to the highest levels of pollution but experienced similar excess AR to whites asianpacific islander residents had substantially lower excess attributable risk compared to WG we estimate the distinct contributions of SE and other factors to these results and find that factors other than SE can be critical determinants of pollutionrelated disparities
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we conducted an open noncontrolled T0 of tau of rTMS rtms of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex dlpfc combined with acetylcholinesterase inhibitor galantamine therapy in FPD patients with cognitive impairment and higher level of gait disorders galantamine dose gradually increase to maximum of mgday weeks before rtmsand after that we start rtms for consecutive days cognitive NP and motor PS were assessed clinically at baseline and at end of weeks combined therapy using the mini mental state examination mmse freezing of gait fog clinical gait and balance scale gabs tinetti scale the clock drawing test the FC assessment battery fab pdq and beck depression inventory bdi the metabolism in the FC lobes Cd nucleus TH were assessed in patients at baseline and end of rtms by ffdgpet changes in total point scores on the scales at the ends of weeks were compared with the baseline results were significant in the fog p gabs p mmse p fab pdq p bdi p improvements in gait and decreases in freezing and falls were seen in the end of T0 period our T0 demonstrated the beneficial effect of rtms of the dlpfc combined with acetylcholinesterase inhibitor treatment on metabolism in the frontal lobes Cd nucleus TH ffdgpet improving of gait and cognitive functions in pd patients
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SA with different doses of intrathecal morphine has been shown to relieve postoperative pain we studied in a prospective randomized doubleblind fashion the effects of morphine or μg added to intrathecal BUP on first postoperative h patientcontrolled analgesia morphine pcamorphine consumption T3 abdominal hysterectomy under GA anesthesia
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the median arcuate AL is a tendinous arch joining the two medial borders of the diaphragm crura together in of subjects it is responsible for significant angiographic celiac trunk compression in severe cases a decrease in HA blood flow with subsequent i.a. caliber reduction and reverse vascularization via the GD i.a. is present in CL transplantation smallcaliber hepatic arteries are higher risk factors for hepatic arterial thrombosis and frequent VG loss we report a case of celiac trunk compression in a livingrelated donor and the twostep strategy we developed to perform a safer CL transplantation via flowinduced enlargement of the donor hepatic i.a. a yearold father was selected as a livingrelated CL donor for his yearold daughter angiography revealed CT compression by the median arcuate ligament with reverse vascularization of the middle HA via the GD i.a. a PHA mm in diameter irrigating the left lateral segment exclusively and a RHA irrigating the right lobe and segment firststep division of the median arcuate ligament and GD i.a. ligation were performed repeat angiography at the third week showed a enlargement of the middle HA mm secondstep left lobectomy was performed at the fifth week the transplantation was achieved with an arterial anastomosis between the middle hepatic arteries of donor and recipient this twostep strategy including median arcuate ligament division provided flowinduced enlargement of the donor middle hepatic i.a. for a safer transplantation with arteries of more suitable calibers
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this article has been retracted please see elsevier policy on article withdrawal httpswwwelseviercomaboutourbusinesspoliciesarticlewithdrawal this article has been retracted at the request of the editors following an investigation by the office of research integrity ori at the department of health and human services the investigation confirmed that the data presented has been falsified by the last author
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the effect of an optimum dialysis fluid calcium concentration mmoll on calcium mass transfer from DF to patient was assessed in patients on routine hemodialysis while there was a mean body gain of only mmol of calcium during dialysis a marked R2 occurred with losses and gains of body calcium up to and mmol respectively a significant correlation was noted between the mass transfer of calcium and the DF calcium concentration r p less than which was found to vary by at least this variation was due to a manufacturing R2 and not due to inaccurate dilution of the DF concentrate these data suggests that such a manufacturing R2 may expose maintenance HD to periods of excessive calcium loss or gain and thereby favor ROD or soft tissue calcification in keeping with published data the mean measured dialysis fluid calcium concentration mmoll should be satisfactory for most patients and it is recommended that dialysis fluid concentrates be manufactured with closer tolerance limits
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we attempted to determine whether a decrease in the PK of the d CM plays a role in the stimulussecretion coupling as it does in the pancreatic b cell elevation in the extracellular potassium concentration from to mm or mm aminoacridine which decreases potassium permeability in BPM stimulated the PR of somatostatin as well as insulin from the isolated rat pancreatic islets valinomycin microm a potassium ionophore inhibited the secretion in response to high gl high extracellular potassium or aminoacridine these findings indicate that a reduction in potassium permeability in the d cell membrane as induced by gl or other stimulants may be a major step in secretion of somatostatin
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this study was planned to clarify the mechanisms by which hemodialysis increases the qtc dispersion a marker of risk of ventricular arrhythmias to this aim uremic patients without any relevant HR diseases underwent two different types of hemodialysis schedules in the first h of isolated high rate UF preceded the standard diffusive procedure in the second during the first hour of standard bicarbonate hemodialysis the decrease of plasma potassium concentration was prevented by increasing k concentration in the dialysate according to its pre dialysis plasma C2 during the high rate ultrafiltration period together with ecg signs of increased sympathetic NS activity and catecholamines secretion the qtc dispersion did not change significantly instead an evident increment was observed h after the start of the diffusive hemodialysis then slowly progressing until the end of the dialysis and finally returning to the pre dialysis values within h T3 the end of the session to the contrary the increase of the qtc dispersion was totally blunted during a standard hemodialysis procedure in absence of plasma k decrease but appeared again when the k dialysate fluid concentration was restored to mmoll this study provides evidence that the increase of QTcd occurring on hemodialysis is mainly related to the diffusive process more precisely to the k removal this is one more reason to focus attention on k removal rate especially when hemodialysis treatment is given in uremics affected by cardiac diseases with high risk of arrhythmias
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acute chloroform intoxication can cause depression of the CNS system and may lead to death from lethal arrhythmias or respiratory arrest thus the organic solvent is no longer in clinical use as an anaesthetic but still plays a role in cases of suicide homicide or inhalation for psychotropic effects several cases of lethal arrhythmia T3 intoxication with CF have been described pharmacological inhibition of cardiac human etherà gogorelated gene herg potassium channels is linked to proarrhythmic effects of cardiac and noncardiac drugs to further investigate the EP basis of the arrhythmogenic potential of CF we analysed inhibitory effects of CF on cloned herg potassium channels heterologously expressed in xenopus oocytes and in human embryonic kidney hek cells using the doubleelectrode voltageclamp technique and the wholecell patchclamp technique respectively in hek cells CF blocked herg tail currents with an ic of mm biophysical properties were further investigated in the xenopus oocyte expression system onset and washout of block was fast and inhibition was CR reversible chloroform did not alter channel activation however direct channel inactivation was accelerated significantly steadystateinactivation of herg was not affected CF dependent block of herg channels was Vc dependent with a decrease of inhibition at more positive membrane potentials no frequencydependence of block could be observed in summary chloroform blocked herg potassium channels probably in a toxicologically relevant concentration these findings contribute to the pathophysiology of proarrhythmic effects in acute CF intoxication
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an eye tracking experiment was conducted in order to investigate the role of verb information in resolving structural ambiguity during sentence comprehension reading time was measured on sentences containing temporarily ambiguous noun phrases eg the athlete revealed the problem that were continued as tensed sentence s complements or noun phrase np complements ambiguous NPs were preceded either by verbs occurring most frequently with np complements npbiased or verbs occurring most frequently with s complements sbiased reading time was also measured on sentences containing unambiguous s complements preceded by either npbiased or sbiased verbs the results showed that contrary to predictions made by verb guidance theories eg constraint satisfaction macdonald pearlmutter seidenberg a b trueswell tanenhaus for both np and sbiased verb conditions sentences containing temporarily ambiguous noun phrase complements were read most quickly and sentences containing temporarily ambiguous s complements were read more slowly than those containing unambiguous s complements
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replacement of missing ears is a challenging task in which extensive array of materials and techniques have been employed this article describes a different and simplified procedure for fabricating auricular prostheses very similar to the intact left ear of the patient a yearold male patient was referred to the department of prosthodontics with the loss of the RE in this case the impression was made using hydrocolloid material alginate from the both defected and the opposite side after hardening of the stone casts a custommade transparent splint plate was designed for the left auricular side the splint was reversed and a cast model of the RA auricular side was obtained as pouring the dental stone into transparent orthodontic splint T3 getting the impression from cast MM conventional wax pattern and try on process was done finally SE was polymerized and the PR of the prosthesis acquired with the magnetic attachments the technique described is economical conventional and timesaving furthermore the prosthesis imitates the patients IN auricular tissue
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the mineral contents of na k ca mg cl and p was determined in different batches of preterm formulas the purpose of this T0 was st to investigate whether the analytical data are in agreement with the specifications of the manufactures and nd whether there are large variations between different batches of the same formula for each analyzed mineral we found marked differences between the specifications and our measurements in at least one of the formulas in these cases the differences between the labels and the medians of the analytical data were larger than half of the range of all determinations of the respective formula without exception the mean values for k were all clearly lower than the specifications of the producers in of the premature formulas R2 coefficients greater than were observed for at least one mineral the results show that coincidental variations of mineral contents in different batches can result in a disadvantageous mineral composition because of synergistic effects on metabolism in this context the importance of the sum of na and k over cl in premature formulas is stressed with regard to renal acid excretion the introduction of more stringent quality standards is proposed
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the work reported here is a feasibility study of the extraction of material parameters from measurements of the linear xray attenuation coefficient of low atomic number absorbers computed tomography ct scans of small samples containing several liquids and solids were carried out with SR at the australian national beamline facility bl b in japan average values of the xray linear attenuation coefficient were extracted for each material for xray energies ranging from kev to kev the electron density was estimated by applying results derived from a parametrization of the xray linear attenuation coefficient first developed by jackson and hawkes and extended for this work average estimates for the electron density of TEA and acetic acid were made to within of the actual value other materials examined included furfuraldehyde perspex and teflon for which average estimates of the electron density were less than in excess of the calculated value
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between october and september previously untreated patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the base of the tongue were treated with curative intent by a radical course of irradiation at the university of florida with a minimum year followup local control was achieved in and of t t t and t lesions respectively control results could be correlated with timedose factors and treatment techniques no patient required mandibulectomy for osteoradionecrosis following radiation therapy complications of bone and soft tissue could not be related to timedose factors
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the T0 describes the method of a CS PCD of dsDNA molecules in situ it is based on the oxidative attack on the deoxyribose moiety by copperi in the presence of oxygen we have shown previously that the oxidative attack leads to the formation of frequent gaps in dna here we have demonstrated that the gaps can be utilized as the origins for an efficient synthesis of cDNA labeled strands by dna polymerase i and that such enzymatic detection of the dsDNA is a CS RPA enabling insitu PCD of both the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes in formaldehydefixed human cells
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we reviewed the efficacy of three agents advocated as ancillary therapy in myeloma patients intramuscularly po immune serum globulin gamma AHG was ineffective in preventing infection hemoglobin level was improved in some myeloma patients receiving androgens however the response rate and the degree of leukopenia or TP were not superior with androgenmelphalanprenisone combination therapy as compared with those resulting from the twodrug combination without androgen a controlled study evaluating androgen plus MEL has not been done the LT administration of fluoride supplemented by calcium and androgen induced radiologically apparent bone fluorosis but strengthening of lytic bone was not observed neither objective nor subjective benefit was demonstrated in a controlled study comparing the effects of fluoride without calcium supplement with those of the placebo
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a combination chemotherapy including vinblastine mgm iv days bcnu mgm iv day and cisplatin mgm iv day was given as salvage treatment in consecutive previously treated patients affected by M1 malignant melanoma courses were planned every weeks provided that a complete bone marrow recovery occurred otherwise they were delayed for additional weeks objective responses crs and prs were observed in patients cases had stable disease and patients progressive disease during treatment median duration of response was months range and median survival was months range for all patients nausea and vomiting were the most distressing SE whereas a grade i leukopenia caused a delayed treatment in of patients in conclusion the combination chemotherapy was moderately toxic and did not seem to give substantially better results than obtained with other reported regimens
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we propose a method for achieving an optimal protocol of intermittent androgen suppression for the treatment of prostate cancer since the model that reproduces the dynamical behavior of the surrogate tumor marker prostate specific antigen is piecewise linear we can obtain an analytical solution for the MM based on this we derive conditions for either stopping or delaying recurrent disease the solution also provides a design principle for the most favorable schedule of treatment that minimizes the rate of expansion of the malignant cell population
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the current vaccine for tuberculosis tb caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis mtb is an att CS of mycobacterium bovis rBCG bcg bcg has proven to be effective in children however efficacy wanes in adulthood LF a NK protein with immunomodulatory properties is a potential adjuvant candidate to enhance efficacy of bcg these studies define bLF as an enhancer of the bcg vaccine SF-36 in part by modulating macrophage ability to present antigen and stimulate tcells bcginfected bone marrow derived macrophages bmms cultured with bLF increased the number of mhc ii expressing cells addition of ifngamma and LF to bcginfected bmms enhanced mhc ii expressiona dna increased the ratio of cdcd LF treated bcginfected bmms were able to stimulate an increase in Th1 production from presensitized cd splenocytes together these results demonstrate that bLF is capable of modulating bcginfected macrophages to enhance tcell stimulation through increased surface expression of antigen presentation and costimulatory molecules which potentially explains the observed in vivo bovine LF enhancement of bcg VE to protect against virulent mtb infection
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this article reviews the underlying anatomy of trigger finger and thumb fibrous digital pulleys sesamoid bones flexor tenosynovitis de quervains syndrome dupuytrens contracture some hand deformities in rheumatoid ICA the CTS and the ulnar nerve compression at guyons canal some important syndromes and structures have not been included but such are the nature of these seminars rather than being CR we aim at creating a system in which clinical cases are used to highlight the pertinent anatomy and in the most important part of the seminar these pertinent items are demonstrated by cross examination of participants and teachers self learning is critical for generating interest and expanding knowledge of clinical anatomy just look at your own hand in various positions move it feel it feel also your forearms while you move the fingers do this repeatedly and inquisitively and after a few tries you will have developed not only a taste but also a lifelong interest in clinical anatomy
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preduodenal portal vein pdpv is a rare anomaly described in only patients in the literature in a few patients the pdpv was the direct cause of DU one the authors have treated a newborn with pdpv associated with total SI intestinal malrotation and polysplenia who presented clinically with duodenal obstruction
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during the last years more and more procedures came up to render people with refractive PE possible to see without CLs or glasses the different procedures for hyperopia myopia and astigmatism are performed in increasing numbers in hospitals lasercentres and in private practise modern RK was introduced in the late by the russian fjodorov because of the many complications this procedure was replaced by other procedures photorefractive keratectomy prk was introduced in using an excimer laser to vaporize corneal tissue because of the side effects as pain and glare and the limited indication area laser in situ keratomileusis lasik was developed in this procedure a corneal lamella is cut in flapped back and the excimer laser vaporize the corneal tissue these two procedures are mostly applied nowadays but there are also new techniques that are still in an exp state one of that is the implementation of an intrastromal corneal ring that can reduce myopia up to diopters during the laser thermo keratoplasty to laser applications are performed in the periphery of the cornea to reduce hyperopia up to diopters another refractive surgery procedure is the phakic intraocular lens implantation for high myopia and to diopters hyperopia and the clear lens SE with IOL for high hyperopia the joint aviation authority requirements allow a hyperopia and myopia for commercial pilots of diopters some pilot candidates with higher refractive PE undergo refractive surgery but there are also pilots who are customers of the refractive operating ophthalmologists to get rid of the crutch glasses this paper gives an overview about the refractive procedures that are performed nowadays on pilots and pilot candidates and gives information about the relevant indications and complications of refractive procedures in the aviation environment
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a highspeed liquid chromatographic method for analysis of sulfasalazine salicylazosulfapyridine in bulk powder and tablet dosage form is presented analysis is accomplished with a reversephase partition column and propanol in ph PB as the mobile phase the method of analysis utilizes a simple onestep solubilization procedure with dimethylformamide addition of an internal standard and chromatography the method is TPS for sulfasalazine in the presence of starting materials degradation products or byproducts from its manufacture
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rats were treated with raw soya flour to produce pancreatic hypertrophy and also received azaserine a pancreatic carcinogen the combined treatment resulted in the OD of C1 numbers of hyperplastic nodules in the acinar tissue of the rat pancreas we conclude that the pancreas of the rat stimulated to proliferate by raw soya flour provides a CS MM for detecting and studying pancreatic carcinogens
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lassa fever is an acute VHD endemic in nigeria the lassa fever outbreak in nigeria was unprecedented with of all cases occurring among healthcare workers hcws a disproportionately high number of these infections occurred in hcws working in a tertiary health facility in nigeria this paper describes the cluster of lassa fever infections among hcws in a treatment centre and the lessons learnt
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the mushroom bodies of the CR periplaneta americana are made up of intrinsic SN class i and class ii kenyon cells with dendrites in a dorsal calyx and axons that bifurcate into medial and vertical lobes here we describe a substructure of the cockroach MBs composed of a previously unrecognized class of kenyon cells with distinct morphologies the embryonically produced class iii kenyon cells form a separate accessory calyx below the calyx proper the medial branches of class iii kenyon cell axons form the previously described gamma bulb whereas the vertical branches leave the vertical lobe to form a toroidal lobelet around the posterior surface taking advantage of the morphologically and immunochemically distinct nature of the lobelet we have attempted to determine the distribution of this unique structure in other insects of the taxon dictyoptera cockroaches mantises and termites our data indicate that the lobelet is present only in basal cockroaches and in termites supporting existing theories of a close phylogenetic relationship between these CG higher termites possess a duplicated lobe structure due to immense elaboration of the processes of class iii kenyon cells the degree of complexity in the mushroom body lobes of termites agrees with current taxonomic arrangements of the isoptera based on nonneural morphological and dna sequence analyses it thus appears that the evolution of the dictyoptera has been accompanied by increasing complexity of the mushroom HB achieved in part through the further specialization and elaboration of a subset of kenyon cells
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this was an openlabel uncontrolled T0 with the aim of assessing the efficacy and safety of PEG interferon alfab plus ribavirin in the treatment of CH c the study was conducted in island hospital penang beween january and december thirtythree patients were enrolled in this T0 with ten defaulters the overall sustained virological response svr intentiontotreat analysis in naïve patients was however when the study was adjusted to only include those who completed treatment and followup overall svr as sideeffects were tolerable in most patients with anaemia occurring in patients leukopenia patients and TP in patients this T0 showed that pegylated IFN mcgkgweek plus ribavirin mgkgday is efficacious and safe to be used in the treatment of CH c
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ian mcwhinney is one of the most widely respected philosophers and investigators in medicine he has received numerous awards from academic societiesamong them the curtis hames award and the certificate of excellence from the society of teachers of family medicinehas been appointed a member of the institute of medicine of the national academy of sciences in the united states has been awarded an honorary md by the university of oslo and has had a long career of publication and teaching in countries all over the world in he became first the professor and chair of family medicine in canada at the university of western ontario during his career he has constantly explored the meaning of medical practice for both physicians and patients his writing has influenced generations of scientists in FM and beyond this transcript is an abridged and edited version of interviews with dr mcwhinney in may and february
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gemfibrozil was found to be an effective hypotriglyceridaemic agent in types iv iib and v hyperlipoproteinaemia when given at a dose level of mgday its activity was nearly of the same order of magnitude as gday of clofibrate
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humans are exposed not only to preformed nnitroso compounds noc but also to a wide range of nitrogencontaining compounds and nitrosating agents which can react in vivo to form noc a versatile class of carcinogens nitrosating agents and noc can also be synthesized endogenously in reactions mediated by bacteria and G1 macrophages thus endogenous formation of noc can occur at various CS in the body a sensitive procedure the NPRO npro test has been developed to estimate SE of humans to exogenous and endogenous noc results of studies in human subjects with this test led to the following conclusions the process of endogenous nitrosation in humans is influenced by many AF therefore determination only of NO(x) in body fluids is insufficient to assess the extent of nitrosation in man in vivo in clinical studies to examine the model of gastric carcinogenesis based on bacterial colonization and nitrosation in vivo progress has been made in explaining some steps but several controversies remain although bacterial strains possessing enzymes that catalyse nnitrosamine formation at neutrality have been isolated from the gastric juice of achlorhydric subjects their precise role in gastric carcinogenesis remains to be clarified formation of endogenous noc was assessed by the npro test in i subjects living in high and lowincidence areas for SC in RNA japan costa rica and poland ii subjects with different habits of betelquid chewing and tobacco use iii patients with urinary bladder infections and iv subjects infested with CL fluke in thailand in all instances greater exposure to endogenous noc was found in highrisk subjects but individual SE was greatly affected by dietary modifiers of disease state ascorbic acid efficiently lowered the body burden onse splenic t lymphocytes were obtained from mice that had previously been immunized with viable elementary HB of the mouse pneumonitis agent mopn a chlamydia trachomatis biovar antigenreactive t lymphocytes were maintained and expanded in vitro by frequent restimulation with uv lightinactivated mopn in the presence of antigenpresenting cells and recombinant interleukin ril FC indicated that this cell line was at least positive for the panspecific tcell marker thy stimulation of the cells in the presence of syngeneic antigenpresenting cells plus mopn antigen and in the absence of exogenous il induced the cells to produce il activity in SNs following adoptive transfer this tlymphocyte L1 was ERP in inducing resolution of an ongoing mopn genital infection in congenitally athymic nude mice which otherwise maintain chronic unresolved infections the line was less efficient in resolving the infection after longer periods in SC an additional tlymphocyte L1 was derived from the spleens of athymic mice that had received the first L1 and had resolved the infection these TA were also capable of inducing resolution of the infection lastly this cell L1 was treated with TPS antibody and complement to delete either cd or cd t lymphocytes in an attempt to enrich for tcell subpopulations prior to transfer into INF athymic mice the anticdtreated line was essentially depleted of cd cells while the anticdtreated line was only partially EC for cd cells with a large proportion of cd cells still present nude mice that received either of the treated tcell lines or the parental cell line were capable of resolving the infection although the L1 with increased numbers of cd cells was more efficient than either the parental line or the cd L1
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chromatin structure and function are for a large part determined by the six members of the structural maintenance of chromosomes smc protein family which form three heterodimeric complexes smc cohesin smc condensin and smc each complex has distinct and important roles in chromatin dynamics gene expression and differentiation in yeast and drosophila smc is involved in recombinational repair restarting collapsed replication forks and prevention of recombination in repetitive sequences such as rdna and pericentromeric heterochromatin although such dna damage control mechanisms as well as highly dynamic changes in chromatin composition and CF are essential for gametogenesis knowledge on smc CF in rat systems is limited we therefore have investigated the role of smc during mammalian spermatogonial differentiation meiosis and subsequent spermiogenesis we found that during mouse spermatogenesis smc functions as part of meiotic pericentromeric heterochromatin domains that are initiated when differentiating SPG become irreversibly committed toward meiosis to our knowledge we are the first to provide insight into how commitment toward meiosis alters chromatin structure and dynamics thereby setting apart differentiating spermatogonia from the undifferentiated SPG including the spermatogonial stem cells interestingly smc is not essential for spermatogonial mitosis whereas smcnegative meiotic cells appear unable to finish their first meiotic division importantly during meiosis we find that dna repair or recombination sites marked by γhax or rad respectively do not colocalize with the pericentromeric heterochromatin domains where smc is located considering the repetitive nature of these domains and that n of the mammalian genome is PET as an example our findings identify both known and novel conserved rna structure motifs in the long noncoding rna malat this study provides an extensive set of PET transcriptomic annotations that will assist researchers in uncovering the precise mechanisms underlying the developmental ontologies of higher eukaryotes
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total endovascular replacement of the aortic arch is a complex procedure that is often favoured when the pathology anatomy precludes a standard median sternotomy here we present the case of endograft repair in a year old male with cm arch aneurysm and cm descending thoracoabdominal aneurysm following bilateral carotidsubclavian bypasses a long fr sheath was T3 into the descending aorta through the CIA purse string a double curved long lunderquist wire was guided to deep within the LV and the endograft carefully T3 over the wire the VG was radiologically orientated and deployed under asystolic conditions retrograde cannulation of the branches were accomplished with carotid sheath placed into the branches followed by bridging stents the VG delivery system was then removed this approach obviates the need for a sternotomy cumbersome extraanatomic debranching and hypothermic circulatory arrest
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different techniques exist for the delivery of radiotherapy after breast conserving surgery the conventional method is whole breast irradiation however in selected patients PBI can be performed either with external beams or brachytherapy in the current T0 three irradiation techniques are compared regarding dosimetric aspects treatment plans of thirty women treated with external beam conformal partial breast irradiation conf were evaluated using dosevolume histograms for the same patients whole breast irradiation plans wbi were made and compared with the conf ones breast and lung of both sides and heart at left sided lesions were contoured as organs at risk after this dose plans of another thirty patients treated with interstitial brachytherapy ibt were analyzed and compared with the conf plans according to our results the isodose curve covered at least of the target volume at all three techniques and this value was for conf the maximal dose within target volume was in conf and in wbi plans volume of ipsilateral breast receiving the prescribed dose was and in the wbi conf and ibt plans respectively the dose to the CL breast was less for conf compared to wbi volume of the ipsilateral lung receiving of the prescribed dose was and the maximal dose was and in the wbi conf and ibt plans respectively in the same order the maximal dose to the HR was and while the dose irradiated to of the HV was and at left sided lesions regarding target coverage the conformal technique was the best and the dose was more homogeneous than at wbi with respect to dose to organs at risk the partial breast irradiation techniques were much more favorable than wbi and the lowest doses occurred in the ibt treatment plans
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postherpetic neuralgia phn is the most significant complication of herpes zoster caused by reactivation of latent varicellazoster virus vzv we undertook a rat infection in vitro T0 to determine whether phnassociated vzv isolates induce changes in sodium ion channel currents known to be associated with NP twenty vzv isolates were studied blind from phn and nonphn subjects viruses were propagated in the mewo cell line from which CF virus was harvested and applied to the ndnav rat drg x mouse neuroblastoma hybrid cell L1 which showed constitutive expression of the exogenous nav and endogenous expression of nav and nav genes all encoding sodium ion channels the dysregulation of which is associated with a range of NP syndromes T3 hrs all three classes of vzv gene transcripts were detected in the absence of infectious virus single cell sodium ion channel recording was performed after hr by voltageclamping phnassociated vzv significantly increased sodium current amplitude in the cell line when compared with nonphn vzv wildtype dumas or vaccine vzv strains poka merck and gsk these sodium current increases were unaffected by ACV i.c.v. but were abolished by SE to tetrodotoxin ttx which blocks the ttxsensitive fast nav and nav channels but not the ttxresistant slow nav channel phnassociated vzv sodium current increases were therefore mediated in part by the nav and nav sodium SAC an additional observation was a modest increase in message levels of both nav and nav mrna but not nav in phn virally infected cells
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the uk biobank offers crosssectional epidemiological data collected on individuals in the uk between and years of age using the uk biobank data the aim of this T0 was to investigate the effects of PET hearing loss and hearing aid usage on visuospatial memory CF this selection of variables resulted in a subsample of participants T3 discarding extreme values a digit triplets PET hearing test was used to divide the participants into three groups poor insufficient and normal hearers we found negative relationships between functional hearing loss and both visuospatial WM ie a card pair matching task and visuospatial episodic LTM ie a prospective memory task with the strongest association for episodic LTM the use of HAs showed a small positive effect for WM performance for the poor hearers but did not have any influence on episodic LT SM age also showed strong main effects for both memory tasks and interacted with gender and education for the LT SM task broader theoretical implications based on a memory systems RPA will be discussed and compared to theoretical alternatives
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