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to determine the effect of pelvic arch interference and the depth of the pelvic cavity as shown on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging mri on the performance of extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy elrp
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to verify the assumption of a specific and potent drug action on de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis isolated dihydroorotate dehydrogenase dhodh ec was exposed to BQR sodium fluorofluorobiphenylylmethylquinoline carboxylic acid sodium salt nsc brequinar the membranebound dhodh was purified to apparent homogeneity fold from RLM in six steps via detergent SE and subsequent chromatography using the dye ligand matrex gel orange a using molecular mechanistic studies mm this ligand was found to mimic closely the stereochemical conformation of brequinar sdspage revealed two protein bands for the purified enzyme with apparent M(r) of L1 and kda minor in vitro two modes of action of the dhodh are possible i acting as a dehydrogenase in the presence of ubiquinone as PT QA and ii direct reaction with oxygen as oxidase a novel CA for the measurement of the oxidase activity was adapted using leucodichlorofluoresceindiacetate inhibition experiments revealed a striking difference in the susceptibility of dhodehydrogenaseoxidase to brequinar apparent ki sd nm dho ubiquinone n but ki sd mm dho o analyses of initial velocity experiments showed MK-801 inhibition of BQR with respect to the ATP dihydroorotic acid in both assays dehydrogenase and oxidase the GABA effect of the latter was compared to that of the competitive inhibitor azadihydroorotate apparent ki sd microm the present kinetic data on the action of the purified rodent dhodh with brequinar and computeraided analyses provide a better insight into the drugenzyme interaction
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GSTM1 gstm is a polymorphic member of the mu class gene family of the GSTs individuals who are gstm null have increased susceptibility to lung and CC we hypothesized that a gstm null individuals might also be at increased risk for OD of OC and b the gstm genotype would influence response to chemotherapy one hundred and fortysix individuals with invasive EOC were genotyped using a threeprimer pcr reaction TPS for the gstm gene and an internal control GSTM1 gstm the products were analyzed on agarose gels healthy individuals without a family history of ovarian breast or colon cancer served as unmatched controls n the results show that age at diagnosis histological type and stage of ovarian CA were all independent of gstm TT the frequency of the gstm null genotype in the ovarian cancer cohort was similar to that in the control population versus p likewise median survival for individuals with advanced stage OC was independent of gstm TT we concluded that the gstm null genotype does not increase OC risk these findings suggest that gstm does not play a significant role in detoxifying environmental factors that influence ovarian carcinogenesis and does not play an important role in the resistance of OC to chemotherapy
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renal SPK recipients provide a unique MM for proteinbinding studies in that patients experience hypoalbuminemia and RD both of which alter protein binding the purposes of this investigation were to MM the relationship between serum creatinine BUN bun albumin and the unbound fraction of phenytoin fu as a percentage in patients who had undergone renal SPK and to determine the value of these measurements in predicting fu blood from patients was collected at various time points T3 establishment of VG CF sera were spiked with phenytoin to a concentration of mgl and totalunbound phenytoin concentrations were determined correlations between fu and the PSA indices of serum creatinine bun and Al were determined using multiple regression the algorithm with the highest rho at all times T3 the transplant became the method to predict future fu this algorithm was applied prospectively in samples from other patients with VL renal function after SPK samples were analyzed as above and the corresponding biochemical indices of serum creatinine bun and albumin were used to calculate fu values accuracy of the predictions was evaluated using predictionerror analysis the best relationship between fu and the measured biochemical indices incorporated SS creatinine and albumin y serum creatinine Al and served as the method for fu prediction predictionerror analysis resulted in a bias of and a precision of this method failed to estimate fu with sufficient accuracy to permit clinical utility the predicted value underestimated the measured value and some other variables must be affecting the IB even though SS creatinine and Al are within or approaching the reference range consequently estimating fu in patients with a PH of uremia and hypoalbuminemia based on measures of serum creatinine and Al CT should not be used
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previous economic evaluations of HRT hrt have restricted positive effects to alleviation of PM PS and negative effects to drug SE we studied the association between hrt use and postmenopausal womens valuation of both healthrelated SQ of life and potential treatment SE PM women with either a documented first vertebral fracture within the past years or no history of osteoporotic fractures were recruited from olmsted county minnesota and from dartmouthhitchcock medical center in new hampshire to participate in a study to assess SQ of life and womens attitudes toward OP prevention womens valuations of their current health and potential hrtrelated SE were quantified as qualityadjusted life years qalys assessed by an automated utility assessment instrument utiter and the time tradeoff technique by a vertical rating scale and by estimated QWB qwb scores health status was measured using the medical outcomes T0 sf regression methods were used to assess the impact of current hrt use on healthrelated quality of life and valuation of SE there were women with vertebral fracture and with no PH of hip wrist or vertebral fractures altogether women were currently taking hrt had taken hrt in the past and women had never taken hrt current hrt users had higher time tradeoff qalys than never and past hrt users with gains ranging from to days per year for current users relative to the others benefits were largest for women with a vertebral fracture and limitations in activities the AA qaly measures also showed significantly higher values for current hrt users compared with other women as did sf subscales for general health PF roleemotional function and vitality there was substantial variability in womens perceptions of hrt side effects overall the proportion of women willing to trade time to avoid bleeding was largest at followed by breast tenderness weight gain and endometrial biopsy at and respectively current hrt users had higher healthrelated SQ of life than past or never users according to all measures studied womens perceptions of potential side effects were highly variable and should be considered by physicians when prescribing an hrt regimen if as our results suggest PM therapy has positive effects beyond the immediate postmenopausal years previous economic studies may have underestimated the value of hrt
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the application of bipolar ED bped for the simultaneous removal of GABA acetate and ph control during e coli fermentation was investigated a two cell pair electrodialysis module consisting of cation exchange anion exchange and BP membranes with working area of cm each was integrated with a standard l stirred tank bioreactor results showed that bped was beneficial in terms of in situ removal of GABA acetate and a reduction in the amount nhoh used for ph control in batch and fedbatch bped fermentations base additions were decreased by up to in both cases compared to electrodialysis ed fermentations with ph controlled at consequently the final biomass g dcw l and recombinant protein g l concentrations obtained were increased by up to and respectively
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platelet adhesion and aggregation play a critical role in primary hemostasis uncontrolled PLT activation leads to pathologic thrombus formation and organ failure the decisive CE step for different processes of PLT activation is the [Ca2+]i activity cai activationdependent SD of intracellular ca stores triggers ca entry from the extracellular space stromal interaction molecule stim has been identified as a ca sensor that regulates storeoperated ca entry through activation of the poreforming subunit orai the major storeoperated ca entry channel in platelets in the present T0 we show for the first time that the chaperone protein cyclophilin a cypa acts as a ca modulator in platelets cypa deficiency strongly blunted activationinduced ca mobilization from intracellular stores and ca influx from the extracellular compartment and thus impaired platelet activation substantially furthermore the phosphorylation of the ca sensor stim was abrogated upon cypa deficiency as shown by IP studies in a mouse MM of arterial thrombosis cypadeficient mice were protected against arterial thrombosis whereas BT was not affected the results of the present study identified cypa as an important ca regulator in platelets a critical mechanism for arterial thrombosis
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we describe the quantitative measurement of antigenspecific clusters formed by antigenpulsed macrophages and immunized TA in mice we have found the peripheral blood t cells show very little nonspecific adhesion to macrophages in mice by using this population of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood as the source of immunized t cells we could quantitate antigenspecific cluster formation on ovapulsed monolayers of peritoneal exudate macrophages from normal balbc mice syngeneic PBT from donors immunized with the same antigen develop clusters per macrophages whereas the same t cells on nonpulsed monolayers develop only clusterlike accumulations of cells on antigenpulsed monolayers of macrophages from allogeneic cbl or aj mice clusters are developed only in the negative range macrophages considering the observation by braendstrup et al these data seem to suggest that H-2 between macrophages and TA is required to develop antigenspecific t cell clusters on antigenpulsed macrophage monolayers and that the genetic restriction of immune responsiveness may be directly expressed in this initial form of cellular interaction between antigenbearing macrophages and TPS t cells
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enzymatic hydrolysis of recalcitrant polysaccharides like cellulose takes place on the solidliquid interface therefore the adsorption of enzymes to the solid surface is a prerequisite for catalysis here we used enzymatic activity measurements with fluorescent modelsubstrate methylumbelliferylβdlactoside for sensitive monitoring of the IB of cellobiohydrolase trcela from trichoderma reesei to bacterial cellulose bc the IB at low nanomolar free trcela concentrations was exclusively active site mediated and was consistent with langmuirs one IB site model with kd and amax values of nm and nmolg bc respectively this is the strongest IB observed with noncomplexed cellulases and apparently represents the productive IB of trcela to cellulose chain ends on the hydrophobic face of bc microfibril with increasing free trcela concentrations the isotherm gradually deviated from the langmuirs one IB site MM this was caused by the increasing contribution of lower affinity IB modes that included both active site mediated IB and nonproductive IB with AS site free from cellulose chain the IB of trcela to bc was found to be only partially reversible furthermore the isotherm was dependent on the concentration of bc with more efficient IB observed at lower bc concentrations the phenomenon can be ascribed to the bc concentration dependent aggregation of bc microfibrils with concomitant reduction of specific SA
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many studies have compared the growth of plants from native and invasive populations but few have considered the role of ploidy in its native range in north america solidago GI aiton asteraceae occurs as a 2C tetraploid and hexaploid with considerable habitat differentiation and geographic separation amongst these ploidy levels in the introduced range in europe however only tetraploid populations are known we investigated the growth performance and life history characteristics of plants from EU and north american 2C tetraploid populations in a common garden experiment involving two nutrient and two calcium treatments twelve plants per population were grown in pots for two seasons we measured traits related to leaf nutrients plant size biomass production and phenology as well as sexual and vegetative reproduction native 2C plants had a higher specific leaf area and higher leaf nutrient concentrations than native tetraploids but tetraploids produced many more shoots and rhizomes diploids grown with additional calcium produced less biomass whereas tetraploids were not affected EU plants were less likely to flower and produced smaller capitulescences than north american tetraploids but biomass production and shoot and rhizome number did not differ we conclude that a knowledge of ploidy level is essential in comparative studies of invasive and native populations while clonal growth is important for the invasion success of tetraploid s gigantea its potential was not acquired by adaptation T3 introduction but by evolutionary processes in the native range
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cholesterol synthesis inhibitors hmgcoa reductase inhibitors are reported to decrease cholesterol saturation index of duodenal bile in hypercholesterolaemic subjects the dissolution of gallstones in animals on treatment with these drugs created expectations of a therapeutical role for these drugs in cholesterol gallstone disease however in prospective studies with these drugs in humans no effect on number and size of cholesterol gallstones was observed this is likely the result of the fact that not just biliary secretion of cholesterol is decreased during treatment with these drugs in cholesterol gallstone disease but phospholipids and bile salts as well as a consequence nucleation time of cholesterol crystals in GB bile is not influenced by these drugs another important determinant in cholesterol gallstone disease eg GB motility is not influenced by hmgcoa reductase inhibitors although these drugs and their metabolites are secreted into the bile they do not influence biliary lithogenicity in conclusion there seems to be no therapeutic role for hmgcoa reductase inhibitors in the treatment of cholesterol gallstone disease although no negative effects on determinants of cholesterol gallstone formation during treatment with these drugs are observed either
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early ON type diabetes mellitus tdm is increasingly prevalent with a significant impact on the individual healthcare service delivery and planning the individuals are likely to be obese lead a sedentary lifestyle have a strong family history of tdm be of black and minority ethnic bme origin and come from a less affluent socioeconomic group they have a heightened risk of developing microvascular and macrovascular complications often at an earlier stage and with greater frequency than seen in type diabetes as such early and aggressive risk factor management is warranted early onset tdm is complex and impacts on service delivery with a need for multidisciplinary care of complications and comorbidities in addition to adequate educational and psychological support this review on the impact of early ON tdm provides the latest insights into this emerging epidemic
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in reproductively responsive male anolis carolinensis undergoing artificially induced testicular recrudescence unilateral orchidectomy of the left testis produced compensatory hypertrophy of the remaining testis testosterone inhibited this compensatory testicular hypertrophy on a weight basis but did not reduce the rate of spermatogenic OD these results suggest that there is a mechanism of testosterone feedback in anolis carolinensis that controls gonadotropin secretion during the recrudescent phase in reproductively thermorefractory lizards unilateral orchidectomy had no effect on the remaining testis administration of exogenous folliclestimulating hormone to refractory animals increased testicular weight and stage of spermatogenic development sensitivity to gonadotropin as well as failure of unilateral orchidectomy to produce compensatory hypertrophy in refractory male anoles suggests that the control of the refractory period in a carolinensis results from physiological mechanisms in the pituitary gland or BB rather than in the testis
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MAO-A mao activity was assayed both in central and peripheral blood vessels of spontaneously hypertensive rats shr and agematched normotensive wistar kyoto rats wkr the activity of mao in the BB and IP vasculature was essentially the same in both shr and wkr it can therefore be concluded that central and peripheral V1 mao activity is not altered in the genetically hypertensive animals
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following reports that vitamin d sulfate is the L1 source of vitamin d activity in HM we investigated the presence of this compound in milk whey using a modification of techniques for the determination of vitamin d metabolites in plasma synthetic cholecalciferol sulfate ergocalciferol sulfate an hcholecalciferol sulfate were prepared by reacting radioactive D3 or nonradioactive D3 or ergocalciferol with sulfamic acid in pyridine the products were purified sequentially by sephadex lh and high pressure liquid chromatography the purified products were chromatographically homogeneous exhibited an ultraviolet absorption spectrum identical to that of standard D3 demonstrated a sulfonate ester linkage and upon saponification yielded the parent vitamin milk whey was extracted with methanolmethylene chloride vv using hcholecalciferol sulfate to estimate REC of the compound the extract was purified by chromatography on silica cartridges an reverse phase OHP liquid chromatography and was quantitated by ultraviolet absorption uv although added cholecalciferol sulfate was readily detected in HM whey samples no endogenous vitamin d sulfate was found detection limit ngml the results indicate that vitamin d sulfate is not a major source of vitamin d activity in human milk
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a polymerase chain reaction assay amplifying a base pair portion of the s rdna gene was evaluated for ID of the intestinal spirochaete serpulina intermedia a total of strains of s intermedia isolated from pigs and chickens and strains of other related species were tested the optimised CA correctly identified all the s intermedia strains but generated false positive reactions giving a test sensitivity of and a test specificity of the false positive reactions were generated from strains of four different species of intestinal spirochaetes and the product was of the original predicted size this suggests that the primer sites selected on the s rrna gene were not completely TPS for s intermedia pulsedfield gel electrophoresis was then developed to investigate diversity amongst the s intermedia strains all strains tested had distinct dna banding patterns using mlu although three isolates from chickens on the same farm appeared closely related the collection exhibited considerable genetic diversity and strains from pigs and chickens were distributed in clusters throughout the dendrogram produced the most closely related porcine and avian strains shared only similarity
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the lymph node ratio lnr combines two types of informationabout the extent of ND and about the extent of the pathological examination of the specimenand thus represents an interesting VL for risk assessment in patients with HNC this retrospective study with data from january to december evaluates the utility of the lnr as a potential prognostic predictor in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma lscc a total of consecutive patients with regionally metastasized lscc who underwent primary surgery with or without adjuvant treatment were included the mean followup period was years the lnr was calculated as the ratio of positive nodes to the total number of nodes removed during ND MVA was carried out peak values as averaged clusters of individual lnrs were registered at three points lnr and lnr was a significant prognostic parameter in the cox regression MM p patients with an lnr had a hazard ratio of for a diseasespecific survival event in comparison with lnr the most accurate lnr for lscc is expected to be located in the range of the lnr seems to be of limited value for the decisionmaking process in the treatment of patients with lscc in comparison with other locations prospective trials will be required in order to allow evidencebased recommendations for treatment decisions based on the lnr
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the ovarian morphology and the DP of follicular development and atresia have been described for the dusky leaf monkey presbytis obscura on the basis of a study of material from female monkeys collected at various stages of the menstrual cycle pregnancy and lactation marked differences were found in the dimensions of many ovarian components between this monkey and the other species of langur previously described during follicular development the oocyte increased in diameter from micrometer in the primordial F2 to a maximum of micrometer in a preovulatory follicle measuring x x mm the majority of developing follicles however underwent atresia with the theca interna transforming into interstitial tissue although present in the follicular phase of therhosis among the various liver diseases
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the purpose of this CT was to investigate the safety and efficacy of semiclosed circle ventilation of the dräger anaesthesia ventilators cicero cato using a fresh gas flow fgf of mlmin twenty infants weighing less than g without CR CA who required GA anaesthesia of at least min were included the fgf was reduced to mlmin after min of denitrogenation with a fgf of to min the composition of the fgf mlmin was calculated as follows oxygen necessary for consumption mlmin plus the remaining fgf in a relationship for oxygen the inspiratory nitrogen fraction was calculated to exclude accumulation inspiratory fractions of o and no plus inspiratory and endtidal co partial pressures and noninvasive oxygen saturation were the control parameters the gas concentrations o and no remained within safe limits hypoxic gas concentrations were not observed neither nitrogen nor co accumulated in the circle system in conclusion low flow anaesthesia can be performed safely in infants under grams with the dräger cicero and cato anaesthesia ventilators
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liquid chromatography with EC detector lced using a chemically modified electrode coated with a metalloporphyrin film is reported for determination of bisphenol a bpa migration from polycarbonate baby bottles the extraction process of the samples was performed according to regulations of the southern common market mercosur where certain foodsimulating liquids a DW b acetic acid vv in distilled water and c ethanol vv in distilled water are defined along with controlled time and temperature conditions the baseline obtained using the naked electrode showed a considerable drift which increased the detection limit this effect was suppressed with the CME a linear range up to ppb along with a detection limit of ppb for the amperometric detection technique was observed the procedure described herein allowed lowering the detection limit of the method to ppb the value found for bpa in the foodsimulating liquid is ppb which is below the tolerance limit for TPS migration ppm
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retroperitoneal or MES primary liposarcoma is a malignant neoplasia whose prognosis depends on the biological SCV the radical resection surgery and the histological subtypes as well as on local and remote recurrences liposarcoma is the most common variant of this tumour among tumours of soft retroperitoneal tissue the purpose of this T0 is to evaluate whether the treatment of this disease carried out at the ivrea hospital for urgent reasons may be considered in line with the experience of highvolume centres
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local therapy has been widely reported and accepted for benign tumours and carefully selected cancers of the rectum thirtythree patients with benign or malignant low rectal PT have undergone a prospective DUE after local resection with transanal electroresection as described by faivre patients were divided in three CG LE of benign tumours patients curative resection for localised malignant tumours patients and palliative local resection for malignant tumours patients the complications included transient incontinence and rectal one patients have been followed for a mean period of months in group there were four recurrences the remainder of the patients with malignant tumours have been free of disease on followup although it is ideal for benign neoplasms further followup is needed to determine its true indication in malignant lesions
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the first step in the biosynthesis of steroid hormones is conversion of cholesterol into pregnenolone star StAR plays a crucial role in the intramitochondrial movement of cholesterol sts steroid sulphatase which is present ubiquitously in mammalian tissues including the placenta adrenal gland testis and ovary desulphates a number of betahydroxysteroid sulphates including cholesterol sulphate the present study was designed to examine the effect of sts on star protein synthesis and steroidogenesis in cells steroidogenic MICs of cos cells that had been cotransfected with a vector for the cholesterol pscc cytochrome p sidechaincleavage enzyme system named f a star expression vector pstar and an sts expression vector psts were assayed wholecell extracts were subjected to sdspage and then to western blot analysis psts coexpressed in cos cells with f and pstar increased pregnenolone synthesis fold compared with that of coexpression with f and pstar western blot analysis using cos cells that had been cotransfected with psts f and pstar revealed that star protein levels increased whereas sts and pscc protein levels did not NC the amount of star protein translation products increased when psts was added to an in vitro transcriptiontranslation reaction mixture pulsechase experiments demonstrated that the kda star preprotein disappeared significantly p more slowly in cos cells that had been transfected with psts than in cos cells that had not been transfected with psts the increase in star protein level is not a result of an increase in star mRNA but is a result of both an increase in translation and a longer halflife of the kda prestar protein in conclusion sts increases star protein expression level and stimulates steroid production
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a new GC assay utilizing dimethylaminodiphenylnonanone as the internal standard was developed for the quantification of methadone the method involved extraction of methadone with chlorobutane from tissue at ph reextraction of an aliquot of the organic solvent with m sulphuric acid alkalinization and final extraction into chloroform the assay was used to determine the concentration of MTD i in whole blood samples from a normal volunteer following a single mg oral dose of dmethadone hydrochloride ii in whole blood saliva and gastric juice from a MTD addict maintained on mg of dimethadone hydrochloride per day iii in mouse CL microsomes incubated with methadone and iv in the perfusate of the isolated perfused rat liver
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LD LD is the naturally occurring precursor amino acid for dopamine and the main therapeutic agent for neurologic disorders due to dopamine SD such as parkinsons disease LD absorption in small intestine has been suggested to be mediated by the C1 NAA transport machinery but the identity of the involved transporters is unknown clinically coadministration of ldopa and dietary amino acids is avoided to decrease competition for transport in intestine and at the bloodbrain barrier ldopa is routinely coadministered with levodopa metabolism inhibitors dopadecarboxylase and cathecholomethyl transferase inhibitors that share structural similarity with LD in this systematic T0 involving xenopus laevis oocytes and MDCK epithelia expression systems and ex vivo preparations from wildtype and KO we identified the neutral and dibasic amino acids exchanger antiporter batrbat slcaslca as the luminal intestinal LD transporter the L1 luminal cotransporter symporter bat slca was not involved in LD transport lleucine and larginine competed with LD across the luminal enterocyte membrane as expected for batrbat substrates whereas dopadecarboxylase and cathecholomethyl transferase inhibitors had no effect the presence of amino acids in the basolateral compartment mimicking the PP phase increased transepithelial levodopa transport by stimulating basolateral efflux via the antiporter latf slcaslca additionally the aromatic amino acid uniporter tat slca was shown to play a L1 role in LD efflux from intestinal enterocytes these results identify the molecular mechanisms mediating small intestinal levodopa absorption and suggest strategies for optimization of delivery and absorption of this important prodrug
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four boronbased donorspiroacceptor EDC composed of different donor moieties and borylated phenylpyridines as the acceptor were studied their intense PL in the solid state can bend modifying eating behaviours are firstline interventions frequently hampered by lack of time to exercise and difficulties in coping with different diets highintensity interval training hiit may be a timeefficient method compared with moderateintensity continuous training ct conversely diets with a fasting component may be more effective than other complex and restrictive diets as it essentially limits caloric NI to a specified period without L1 diet composition changes therefore the combination of hiit and fasting may provide incremental benefits in terms of effectiveness and time efficiency in obese and sedentary populations the aim of this study is to determine the effect of hiit versus ct combined or not with fasting on microcirculatory CF cardiometabolic parameters anthropometric indices CR fitness and SQ of life in a population of sedentary overweight or obese women with cardiometabolic risk factors
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to determine if DIO is associated with depressed serotonergic activity as is genetic obesity we examined Thy biogenic amines in wkold genetically lean fafa male zucker rats raised in small pupsdam or control pupsdam litters fiveweekold rats were adrenalectomized or shamoperated and wk later fed either of energy as fat LF or of SE as fat high fat diets for wk tissue punches from the ventromedial nucleus vmn the paraventricular nucleus and the POA area were assayed via hplc rats fed high vs low fat had a greater percentage of body fat and brown fat mitochondrial gdp binding whereas serotonergic turnover was lower small litter vs control litter animals had lower vmn and preoptic concentrations of dihydroxyphenylacetic acid a major metabolite of dopamine although adrenalectomy resulted in smaller leaner rats it did not differentially affect the rats that became fatter because vmn and POA dopaminergic MICs were depressed in small litter vs control litter rats but the percentage of body fat was unchanged this decreased dopamine metabolism is probably not causal to the obesity development however the same cannot be said for the att serotonergic activity although such activity may not be directly related to the degree of obesity
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twenty per cent of SN slnpositive melanoma patients have positive nonsln lymph NO in completion CL node dissection clnd we investigated sln tumour load nonsentinel positivity and diseasefree survival dfs to assess whether certain patients could be spared clnd sentinel lymph node biopsy was performed on patients between and median observation period was months SN tumour load did not predict nonsln positivity of patients with sln macrometastases or mm and with micrometastases or mm had nonsln positivity p tumour recurrences after positive slns were more than twice as frequent for sln macrometastases than for micrometastases p for patients with sln micrometastases the dfs analysis was worse p when comparing those with positive nonslns recurrences to those without recurrences this difference did not translate into significant differences in dfs patients with sln micrometastasis either with p or without additional positive nonslns p fared worse than patients with tumourfree slns the mm cutoff for sln tumour load accurately predicts differences in dfs nonsln positivity in clnd however cannot be predicted therefore contrary to other studies no recommendations concerning discontinuation of clnd based on sln tumour load can be deduced
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during the terminal stages of aids mycobacterium avium complex mac infection is the most common disseminated bacterial infection in rhesus macaques macaca mulatta experimentally inoculated with the simian immunodeficiency virus siv the source of mycobacterial infection in sivinoculated rhesus macaques housed in a biolevel containment facility was investigated using a sensitive polymerase chain reaction typing technique six animal isolates had banding profiles MZ to that of environmental isolate obtained from the facilitys water CSD system an additional isolates had banding profiles differing by the addition or loss of one or two bands from this and other water isolate these findings indicate that potable water may serve as a significant source of mycobacterial infection in sivinoculated macaques and suggest that strategies to prevent exposure to mycobacteria within potable water should be investigated as a method to prevent mycobacteriosis in HIV virusinfected persons
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the hydrophilic desferrioxamine dfo and the lipophilic salicylaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone sih are iron chelators which inhibit in vitro proliferation of plasmodium falciparum with similar potency ic approximately microm in to h tests the in vivo assessment of these drugs was performed on swiss mice INF with plasmodium vinckei petteri with novel modes of drug administration and PR the drugs were delivered postpatently either by multiple ip injections or by a single ip or sc insertion of a drugcontaining polymeric device which released most of the drug within days at apparently firstorder rates a regimen of three daily ip injections of mg dfo for consecutive days or a mg dose of the drug given as an ip or sc CP implant evoked similar delay and reduction in peak parasitemias and reduced mortality with no apparent signs of toxicity relatively faster but otherwise similar results were obtained with the less hydrophilic sih in combination the two drugs apparently potentiated each other the polymeric devices were particularly useful for treating Pb kinfected cbl mice a suggested model of CBF malaria in which classical methods of dfo delivery were ineffective the IS of a mg dfocontaining device on day postinfection parasitemia approximately led to a marked reduction in parasite proliferation appearance of neurological sequelae and mortality of mice our studies indicate that polymeric devices for slow drug PR might be highly advantageous for both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs whose antimalarial tau might depend on the maintenance of sustained blood C2 the results obtained with slowrelease devices have implications for malaria chemotherapy as well as for iron chelation therapy in iron overload conditions
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despite many reports on the shedding of giardia parasites by scouring calves the role of giardia as a cause of calf diarrhea is still controversial to elucidate the role of giardia duodenalis in calf scours diagnostic samples from scouring calves were tested by different assays during a yearstudy period giardia antigens were detected in scouring calves by a fecalbased ELISA assay and of these were positive for assemblage e g duodenalis by PCR reaction giardia trophozoites were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in intestinal sections from five calves in which the parasites were spatially distributed in Az of microscopically detectable enteritis our data suggest that under certain circumstances giardia may cause intestinal lesions leading to calf scours gnotobiotic calfbased infectivity studies are needed if the pathogenicity of giardia in calves is to be definitively determined
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BG hiv people are at increased risk of coronary i.a. disease but the responsible mechanisms are incompletely understood PC subtilisinkexin type pcsk is traditionally recognized for its importance in cholesterol metabolism however recent data suggest an additional lowdensity lipoprotein receptorindependent adverse effect on endothelial cell inflammation and function we tested the hypotheses that pcsk levels are increased and that abnormal coronary EC function is related to pcsk serum C2 in hiv individuals methods and results fortyeight hiv participants receiving antiretroviral therapy with suppressed viral replication without coronary i.a. disease and age and lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterolmatched healthy hiv subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging to measure coronary EC function quantified as percentage change in coronary i.a. crosssectional area during isometric HG exercise an endothelialdependent stressor and blood was obtained for SS pcsk and SVR vascular biomarkers data are presented as mean±sd mean SS pcsk was higher in the hiv subjects ± ng ml than in the hiv controls ± ng ml p coronary endothelial CF was significantly reduced in the hiv versus hiv subjects percentage change in PD crosssectional area ± versus ± p and inversely related to pcsk r p markers of endothelial activation and injury pselectin and thrombomodulin were also significantly increased in the hiv subjects and pselectin was directly correlated with SS pcsk r p conclusions SS pcsk levels are increased in treated hiv individuals and are associated with abnormal coronary EC function an established measure of vascuiolations in GP bacteria significant progress has been made to characterize the role of protein sthiolation in redoxregulation and thiol protection of main metabolic and antioxidant enzymes however the physiological roles of the pathways for regeneration are only beginning to emerge as well as their interactions with other cellular redox systems future studies should be also directed to explore the roles of protein sthiolations and their redox pathways in pathogenic bacteria under infection conditions to discover new drug targets and treatment options against multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria
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twodimensional echocardiographic examination in patients with myxoma of the left atrium is the basis of reliable diagnosis and is satisfactory as regards visualization and functional aspect for the final indication for a radical surgical operation myxoma of the left atrium is thus one of the HR diseases where we do not need preoperative invasive diagnostic examinations for indication of cardiosurgery
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the inadequacy of using body weight alone to evaluate fetal skeletal and softtissue growth has long been recognized body proportionality indices could identify symptomatic newborn infants better than sizefordate classification lack of normative data precludes its being used practically in chinese newborns thus body weight body length head circumference and midarm circumference were measured in neonates AGA for gestational age weeks g to construct reference indices of body proportionality ponderal index pi body mass index bmi weightlength ratio wl head circumferencebody length ratio hcl and midarm circumferencehead circumference ratio machc all the five indices of body proportionality but hcl were statistically correlated with gestational age ga for FT newborns pi did not correlate with ga furthers the machc ratio decreased after weeks gestation therefore when these indices of body proportionality are used to evaluate intrauterine nutritional status of a newborn the AGA standard for ga should be considered
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CP galactosemia due to a deficiency of galactosephosphateuridyl transferase is an autosomal recessive disorder of Gal metabolism with an incidence in ireland of one in births it can result in cataract formation through the accumulation of galactitol within the lens seventeen children with GOT deficient galactosemia were studied early diagnosis followed by a galactosefree diet and tight PSA control prevented cataract formation in cases after a mean followup of years cataracts did not regress in all patients commenced on diet by weeks but early treatment prevented progression the ophthalmologist may play an important role in the monitoring of patients with this disease as the recognition of new lens opacities by slitlamp biomicroscopy may be the most sensitive initial index of inadequate biochemical control
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fabricating feedbackfree earmolds has become an increasingly critical problem as more powerful hearing aids become commonplace current earmold impression materials and techniques may be contributing to the problem this paper evaluates current earmold materials and techniques and makes suggestions for modifications in current procedures to reduce or eliminate FB
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protein conformational changes that result in misfolding aggregation and amyloid fibril formation are a common feature of many neurodegenerative disorders studies with betaamyloid abeta alphasynuclein and other amyloidforming proteins indicate that the assembly of misfolded protein conformers into fibrils is a complex process that may involve the population of metastable spherical andor annular oligomeric assemblies here we show by atomic force microscopy that a mutant huntingtin fragment with an expanded polyglutamine repeat forms spherical and annular oligomeric structures reminiscent of those formed by abeta and AS notably the molecular chaperones hsp and hsp which are protective in animal models of neurodegeneration modulate polyglutamine aggregation reactions by partitioning monomeric conformations and disfavoring the accretion of spherical and annular oligomers
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alzheimers disease ad is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders in recent world characterized by increased production of amyloid beta in the NS with an ultimate effect of AI neurodegeneration this T0 was aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of black soybean anthocyanins in a neurodegenerative MM of amyloid beta aβ aβ was treated to ht cell lines or AD male rats via intracerebroventricular i.t. to induce neurotoxicity in these exp models anthocyanins were treated mgkg in case of cell lines or mgkg intragastrically to AD rats to protect against aβinduced neurodegeneration CA for cell viability mitochondrial membrane potential Ïm intracellular free ca and AI cells fluorojade b and tunel were performed in vitro while western blot analyses were performed to the hippocampal proteins of adult rats our results showed that aβ treatment reduced cell viability disturbed thecebased screening strategies has been clarified by research such as the detect study in patients with SVR sclerosis a multimodal RPA using a range of noninvasive tests improves the performance of screening algorithms RA heart catheterization is mandatory to confirm a diagnosis of pah uncertainties exist about the definition and prognostic relevance of pulmonary hypertension during exercise but accumulating evidence suggests that AS testing of the pulmonary circulation can unmask clinically important early disease novel tools for the early detection of pulmonary AVD are urgently needed given the substantial limitations of currently available techniques
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leptin inhibition of bone mass accrual requires the integrity of specific hypothalamic neurons but not expression of its receptor on these SN the same is true for its regulation of appetite and SE expenditure this suggests that OB acts elsewhere in the BB to achieve these three functions we show here that brainstemderived serotonin bds favors BMC accrual following its IB to htrc receptors on ventromedial hypothalamic SN and appetite via htra and b receptors on arcuate SN leptin inhibits these functions and increases SE expenditure because it reduces serotonin synthesis and firing of serotonergic neurons accordingly while abrogating bds synthesis corrects the bone appetite and SE expenditure phenotypes caused by OB deficiency inactivation of the leptin receptor in serotonergic SN recapitulates them fully this T0 modifies the map of leptin signaling in the BB and identifies a molecular basis for the common regulation of bone and energy metabolisms for a video summary of this article see the paperflick file with the supplemental data available online
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cell SC studies have established sh domaincontaining protein IMT phosphatase shp as an important factor in growth factor and cytokineactivated signaling pathways however the significance of shp in the mammalian central NS cns is not known since early embryonic lethality occurs in shp null mice to bypass this embryonic lethality transgenic animals containing a catalytically inactive mutant of shp shpcs under the control of a nestin intron iithymidine kinase minimal promoter were generated in the developing cns of these animals although highlevel Tg expression was detected in the neuroepithelium there was no obvious abnormality in progenitor cell proliferation or migration in the AD BB highlevel Tg expression was detected in the subventricular zone rostral migratory stream DG of hippocampus and cerebellum because shp CF is likely important in cell survival pathways we used a focal cerebral ischemia model to examined whether shp is important during cns injury ischemiainduced damage and neuronal death was found to be significantly greater in nestinshpcs mice than in wildtype littermates these findings indicate that shp is a required factor in signaling pathways important for neuronal survival
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restoration of elbow flexion is commonly achieved with nerve transfer to the musculocutaneous nerve branches T3 upper trunk brachial plexus injury it is unknown if double nerve transfer to the biceps and brachialis nerve branches results in greater strength than single nerve transfer to the biceps CB CT
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styrene which is widely used in manufacturing is both acutely and chronically toxic to mice styrene is metabolized by cytochromes p to the toxic metabolite styrene oxide which is detoxified via hydrolysis with microsomal epoxide hydrolase meh playing a L1 role the purpose of these studies was to characterize the importance of this pathway by determining the hepatotoxicity and pneumotoxicity of ST in wildtype and mehdeficient meh mice while the meh mice metabolized ST to styrene oxide at the same rate as the WT as expected there was minimal metabolism of styrene oxide to glycol meh mice were more susceptible to the lethal effects of ST twentyfour hours following the administration of mgkg ip styrene mice demonstrated a greater hepatotoxic response due to styrene as measured by increased serum sorbitol dehydrogenase activity and greater pneumotoxicity as shown by increased protein C2 cell numbers and LDH in bronchioalveolar lavage fluid meh mice were also more susceptible to styreneinduced oxidative stress as indicated by greater decreases in hepatic glutathione levels h T3 styrene styrene oxide at a dose of mgkg did not produce hepatotoxicity in either wildtype or meh mice however SO produced pneumotoxicity that was similar in the two strains thus meh plays an important role in the detoxification of styrene but not for exogenously administered SO
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the investigation was undertaken to design a nutrient medium that could reduce the duration of a culture test in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis and to comparatively evaluate its effectiveness a procedure was proposed to cultivate TV which was based on the use of the nutrient medium containing casein hydrolysate yeast autolysate and serum added by ml of liquid ferrum lec iron iii XTT polyisomaltose which reduced the time taken to identify trichomonas vaginalis on day at the same time the higher content of iron iii XTT with polyisomaltose was shown to produce no positive effect
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arterial oxygen transport cardiac output x arterial oxygen content may be decreased in HF we studied the determinants of arterial oxygen transport in patients with chronic severe myocardial failure at rest and during CE during control therapy at rest PaO(2) was normal mm hg mean sd and increased slightly during exercise mm hg during hydralazine therapy at rest PaO(2) was slightly higher mm hg and also increased during exercise mm hg hydralazine did not increase arterial oxygen tension greater than p greater than but exercise did p less than arterial oxygen saturation and content were normal and did not NC under any condition or treatment during control therapy at rest arterial oxygen transport was low mlmin m and remained abnormally low during exercise mlmin m during hydralazine therapy arterial oxygen transport was higher at rest mlmin m and during exercise mlmin m hydralazine increased arterial oxygen transport p less than because it increased stroke volume at rest and during exercise but it did not NC PaO2 arterial oxygenation is normal in chronic HF patients at rest and during exercise hydralazine increases cardiac SO and arterial oxygen transport without changing PaO2
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sleep has a strong influence on interictal EDs and on epileptic seizures interictal EDs are activated by sleep ED and sleep and some epilepsies occur almost exclusively during sleep treatment of sleeprelated epilepsy should take in account the type of epileptic syndrome the type of seizures the patient characteristics and also the pharmacokinetics of the drug proper characterization of the epilepsy is essential to choose AGA antiepileptic drugs drugs effective in focal epilepsy may be used to treat benign genetic focal epilepsies such as RE and other focal FC or not sleep epilepsies these include both classical such as CBZ and new such as levetiracetam and lacosamide AEDs drugresistant cases should be evaluated for ES which may be efficacious in this setting valproate lamotrigine topiramate lev and perampanel are ERP against GTC seizures in genetic generalized epilepsies which frequently happen on awakening risks of valproate should be considered before prescribing it to women of childbearing age TPS syndromes such as eses require specific treatment such as a combination of high dose CS benzodiazepines lev and even surgery when an epileptogenic lesion is present sleep disorders that may worsen epilepsy such as obstructive sleep apnea or insomnia should be adequately treated to improve seizure frequency adequate control of seizures during sleep especially generalized tonicclonic seizures decreases risk of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy sudep
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fabrication and characterization of a surface plasmon resonance based fiber optic xanthine sensor using entrapment of xanthine oxidase xo enzyme in several nanostructures of tantalum v oxide ta
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porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the suspected periodontopathic bacteria the lipopolysaccharide lps of p gingivalis is a key factor in the OD of periodontitis inflammatory cytokines play important roles in the gingival tissue destruction that is a characteristic of periodontitis macrophages are prominent at chronic inflammatory CS and are considered to contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontitis xylitol stands out and is widely believed to possess anticaries properties however to date little is known about the effect of xylitol on periodontitis the aim of the present T0 was to determine TN factor alpha tnfalpha and interleukinbeta ilbeta expression when raw cells were stimulated with p gingivalis lps hereafter lps refers to p gingivalis lps unless stated otherwise and the effect of xylitol on the lpsinduced tnfalpha and ilbeta expression the kinetics of tnfalpha and ilbeta C2 in culture supernatant after lps treatment showed peak values at h tnfalpha and to h ilbeta respectively nfkappab a transcription factor was also G1 by lps treatment these cytokine expressions and nfkappab activation were suppressed by i.c.v. with PDTC an inhibitor of nfkappab pretreatment with xylitol inhibited lpsinduced tnfalpha and ilbeta gene expression and protein synthesis lpsinduced mobilization of nfkappab was also inhibited by i.c.v. with xylitol in a dosedependent manner xylitol also showed inhibitory effect on the growth of p gingivalis taken together these findings suggest that xylitol may have good clinical effect not only for caries but also for periodontitis by its GABA effect on the lpsinduced inflammatory cytokine expression
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we report a possible and rare case of druginduced organizing pneumonia in a patient receiving daptomycin a yearold man with acute L3 aorta valve endocarditis due to enterococcus faecalis developed OP following treatment with intravenous daptomycin and ceftriaxone the patient could have acquired an infectious agent which was resistant to ceftriaxone such as legionella and he was thus treated with ciprofloxacin and rifampicin however no antigen was found in the urine and the patients symptoms subsided T3 daptomycin was discontinued
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eucalyptol carvacrol and thymol represent components of plant essential oils characterized by a wide range of biological effects toward microorganisms fungi insects etc however till now only a few investigations have been carried out to T0 the effects of essential oils and their components on human cells cultured in vitro the aim of our work was therefore to compare cytotoxic and dnadamaging effects of eucalyptol carvacrol and thymol on HL-60 k cells cultured in vitro and to investigate their possible protective antioxidant effects against hydrogen peroxideinduced dna damage testing of cytotoxic activity was performed by the trypan blue exclusion technique the amount of dna lesions in k cells treated with the plant volatiles studied or their combinations with hydrogen peroxide ho was measured by ALP single cell gel electrophoresis scge comet CA we found out that eucalyptol carvacrol and thymol differed in their cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on k cells as a very important we consider the finding that carvacrol and thymol significantly reduced the level of dna damage induced in k cells by the strong oxidant ho neither dnadamaging nor dnaprotective effect was observed using eucalyptol pretreatment of k cells we assume that dnaprotective effects of carvacrol and thymol can be accompanied by their antioxidant action
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malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors mpnsts are rare neoplasms usually arising from somatic soft tissues or peripheral nerves primary mpnst of the scalp is extremely rare with only a single case reported so far here we describe an unusual case of scalp mpnst in a yearold male the tumor was associated with bony projection intracranial extension and underlying bone destruction the tumor was treated with complete surgical excision followed by ART histologically the RT showed malignant spindle cells with focal s positivity on immunohistochemistry and a diagnosis of mpnst was made this case is being reported for its rarity and presence of associated bony projection which to the best of our knowledge has not been described before in soft tissue sarcomas
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recent advances in the prevention of graftversushost disease through postthymic tcell SD have allowed the use of haploidentical bone marrow cells for immunologic reconstitution of severe combined immunodeficiency disease we report a male infant with severe combined immunodeficiency with normal adenosine deaminase who developed two igg kappa and one iga lambda paraproteins weeks following the administration of x maternal bone marrow cells depleted of postthymic t cells by soy lectin agglutination and sheep erythrocyte rosetting serum igg rose from to mgdl and iga from to mgdl peaking at weeks postgrafting by weeks posttransplantation tcell numbers and CF had risen to normal all dividing TA had the donor karyotype and paraprotein concentrations began to decline these observations strongly suggest that the laterappearing t cells regulated the bcell clones from which the paraproteins were derived failure of such CF to appear could account for the increased incidence of bcell lymphomas in severe combined immunodeficiency
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brassinosteroids brs plant steroid hormones play essential roles in modulating cell elongation V1 differentiation senescence and stress responses however the mechanisms by which brs regulate plant mitochondria and resistance to abiotic AS remain largely unclear mitochondrial AOX aox is involved in the plant response to a variety of environmental stresses in this report the role of aox in brinduced tolerance against cold polyethylene glycol peg and highlight stresses was investigated exogenous applied brassinolide bl the most AS br induced while brassinazole brz a br biosynthesis inhibitor reduced alternative QO2 and aox expression in nicotiana benthamiana chemical scavenging of ho and virusinduced gene silencing vigs of nbrbohb compromised the brinduced alternative respiratory pathway and this result was further confirmed by nbaox promoter analysis furthermore inhibition of aox activity by chemical treatment or a vigsbased RPA decreased plant resistance to environmental stresses and compromised brinduced stress tolerance taken together our results indicate that brinduced aox capability might contribute to the avoidance of superfluous ROS species accumulation and the protection of photosystems under stress conditions in n benthamiana
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we report a patient with adult tcell leukemialymphoma atll diagnosed by lymph node biopsy ga scintigram and monoclonal integration of htlv proviral dna as lymphadenopathy and skin eruption spontaneously improved and disappeared T3 admission without any treatment we considered that spontaneous regression had occurred an immunological study revealed that the cytotoxic activity of the peripheral MNC cells in this atll patient at the time of spontaneous regression were significantly higher than those in a healthy control when tested against cultured atl cells sezc as the disease PD the cytotoxic activity decreased these findings suggest that there may exist an immunological response against atl cells during spontaneous progression suppressing the progression of the disease
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the rate of UR phosphorolysis catalyzed by UR phosphorylase from escherichia coli decreases with increasing ionic strength in contrast the rate was increased about twofold T3 preincubation of uridine phosphorylase with acetonitrile these data correlate with known effects of polar and bipolar aprotic solvents on sn nucleophilic substitution reactions the enzyme modified with fluoresceinisothiocyanate fluorescein residue occupies an uridinebinding subsite komissarov et al biochim biophys acta was selectively modified with irreversible inhibitor sa which reacts near the phosphatebinding subsite the doublemodified UR phosphorylase is assumed to imitate the enzymesubstrate complex modification with sa was accompanied with dramatic changes in the absorption spectrum of active sitelinked fluorescein which were MZ to those for fluorescein in a hydrophobic medium namely acetonitrile the data obtained suggest that an increase in active site hydrophobicity leads to phosphate desolvation and facilitates the enzymatic sn UR phosphorolysis reaction
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lymphatic vessels are critical for the maintenance of tissue fluid homeostasis and their dysfunction contributes to several human diseases the activin receptorlike kinase alk is a transforming growth factorβ family type receptor that is expressed on both blood and lymphatic EC cells lecs its highaffinity ligand bone morphogenetic protein bmp has been shown to be critical for retinal angiogenesis the aim of this work was to investigate whether bmp could play a role in lymphatic development we found that bmp deficiency in mice causes abnormal lymphatic OD bmpknockout ko pups presented hyperplastic mesenteric collecting vessels that maintained lyve expression in accordance with this result we found that bmp inhibited lyve expression in lecs in an alkdependent manner bmpko pups also presented a significant reduction in the number and in the maturation of mesenteric lymphatic valves at embryonic day and at PN days and interestingly the expression of several genes known to be involved in valve formation foxc connexin ephrinb and neuropilin was upregulated by bmp in lecs finally we demonstrated that bmpko neonates and adult mice had decreased lymphatic draining efficiency these data identify bmp as an important extracellular regulator in the maturation of the lymphatic V1 network affecting valve development and lymphatic vessel function
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when the biotinylated manduca sexta adipokinetic hormone gene was used as a probe for in situ hybridization the intrinsic NS cells were stained with a biotin PCD system that contained SA or avidin further experiments showed that the dna probe was not necessary for IF these cells by streptavidinalkaline phosphatase and that they were not stained by alkaline phosphatase CT similarly the intrinsic neurosecretory cells were stained directly by streptavidin conjugated to a fluorescent dye other parts of the CNS system could also be stained with streptavidinalkaline phosphatase but not as readily as the intrinsic neurosecretory cells of the CC further analysis demonstrated three biotincontaining proteins in the intrinsic NSC of the corpora cardiaca and in the BB the most abundant of these proteins when analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate PAGE was found to have a molecular weight of which is the size of the subunits of pyruvate carboxylase a biotincontaining enzyme the same protein was recognized by an antiserum against an insect pyruvate carboxylase indicating that this protein is probably pyruvate carboxylase the results reported here indicate that the intrinsic NSC of the corpora cardiaca may contain pyruvate carboxylase in a concentration higher that other cells of the CNS system we also note that caution is necessary to avoid false positive results if an avidin containing PCD system is used for in situ hybridization or immunocytochemistry
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to investigate the effect of chronic graftversushost disease cgvhd on the outcomes of acute myeloid leukemia aml patients who relapsed T3 allogenic hematopoietic cell transplantation we performed a retrospective analysis on patients with a median followup of months a total of patients developed cgvhd with a year CI of ci the estimated year overall survival was ci ci and ci for patients with limited cgvhd extensive cgvhd and without cgvhd p the year EFS were ci ci and ci p while the year cumulative relapse rates were ci ci and ci respectively p at the last evaluation patients relapsed with patients having active cgvhd and without compared to patients relapsing without cgvhd patients who relapsed with cgvhd had a longer duration of remission and a better year postrelapse survival months versus months p ci versus ci p for patients who relapsed with cgvhd the remission rates were both after salvage chemotherapy with or without donor lymphocyte infusion p in conclusion cgvhd may exert a stronger graftversusleukemia effect which may decrease the posttransplantation relapse rate and may also benefit those patients who eventually relapsed Tx in terms of prolong postrelapse survival
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haemopoietic stemcell transplantation is a lifesaving treatment for SCID however there has been little longterm followup of this treatment there is evidence for the persistance of partial immunodeficiency associated with significant infections including severe human papillomavirus hpv disease we did a retrospective analysis of severe hpv disease in a group of patients with severe combined immune deficiency from one centre who were alive years or longer after haemopoietic stemcell transplantation nine of the patients had extensive chronic hpv disease limited to the skin with a median onset at years after transplantation four had lesions typical of EV a rare genodermatosis transplant characteristics immune status and chimerism of these nine patients did not differ significantly from those of the other patients the nine patients with hpv disease had severe combined immune deficiency associated with either common gammac receptor cytokine subunit or janus kinase jak deficiency by contrast patients with other forms of SCID did not have any signs of hpv disease that genetic causes are the only predisposing factor to be identified for severe combined immune deficiency suggests that naturalkiller cells or gammacjakdependent signalling in KCs could have a role in antihpv immunity
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sleep disturbance is a significant issue particularly for patients with T3 terminal illness currently there are no practicebased recommended approaches for managing sleep and circadian disruptions in this population to address this gap a crosssectional focus group T0 was performed engaging staff members at four hospicesendoflife programs in three demographically diverse counties in new york state
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systemic acquired resistance sar is an inducible plant response to infection by a necrotizing pathogen in the induced plant sar provides broadspectrum protection against not only the inducing pathogen but also against other unrelated pathogens both salicylic acid sa and sargene expression have been implicated as playing important roles in the initiation and maintenance of sar here we describe the characterization of transgenic arabidopsis plants that express the bacterial nahg gene encoding salicylate hydroxylase an enzyme that can metabolize sa strong constitutive expression of this gene prevents pathogeninduced accumulation of sa and the activation of sar by exogenous sa we show that sar in arabidopsis can be induced by inoculation with pseudomonas syringe pv tomato against infection by a challenge inoculation with peronospora parasitica this response is abolished in transgenic nahgexpressing arabidopsis but not in ethyleneinsensitive mutants these experiments support the critical role of sa in sar and show that DDE sensitivity is not required for sar induction the nahg arabidopsis plants will be important for future studies aimed at understanding the role of sa in plant disease resistance mechanisms
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the multivariate calibration methods of partial leastsquare regression and principal component regression were applied for the simultaneous spectrophotometry determination of triamterene trm and hydrochlorothiazide hyd in their mixtures the parameters of the chemometric procedure were optimized and the proposed methods were validated with synthetic samples and applied to analyze these drugs in pharmaceutical products with good accuracy and precision the results were compared with those given by the british pharmacopoeia bp method the square of the correlation coefficients r for predicted trm and hyd with the proposed method in a test sample were and respectively the relative standard deviation for commercial tablets in the proposed method and bp standard method were and respectively
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adrenocorticotropic hormone acthsecreting pulmonary carcinoid is considered w materials was not controlled and we report here data obtained for a suite of samples that was produced by three synthetic pathways graphical examination of these data reveals marked data clustering by synthetic pathway though in some cases with some overlapping values within SE in general the isotopic composition of topiramate from the a and b pathways is distinct from the c pathway the isotopic data from the a and b pathways typically abut each other sometimes partially overlapping the deuteriumhydrogen deltad and oxygen deltao isotopic compositions are each significantly linearly related with the paired carbon deltac isotopic composition indicating possible isotopic endmembers for the raw materials of the present sample suite given that h and o typically derive from meteoric water the linear correlations with deltac indicate that a mixture of carbon sources viz perhaps terrestrial c photosynthetic organic carbon and marine c organic carbon were used in the production of the batches tested if the h and o analyzed were derived from meteoric water then an elementary comparison of the span of the deltad deltadeltad per thousand and of the deltao deltadeltao per thousand values in the TPM samples to that of the global isotopic gradients indicates that the water retained in the samples spanned from as much as degrees of latitude or approximately statute miles northtosouth the present isotope results deltac deltan deltao deltad form an initial database against which future samples can be compared to infer TPS synthetic pathways it is clear that to perform a rigorous test of the variables controlling the stableisotopic composition of pharmaceutical materials that both the stableisotopic composition of the starting materials and synthetic isotope fractionation must be controlled in future studies
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discrete BB structures were analysed for gammaaminobutyric acid gaba and vasopressin content in normo and hypotensive rats treated with the glutamic acid decarboxylase inhibitor mercaptopropionic acid mpa and the gabaa agonist muscimol in the normotensive group treated with mpa only the concentration of vasopressin increased in the supraoptic nucleus indicating an inhibitory role for gaba in the hypotensive group a rise in the vasopressin level in the nucleus of the solitary tract was detected and the gaba level decreased in the supraoptic nucleus muscimol decreased the concentration of vasopressin in the nucleus of the solitary tract the changes in the concentration of vasopressin may be a result of increased or decreased activation of the gabaergic system the results show that the gaba and vasopressinergic systems somehow interact although the more precise way of action remains to be clarified
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to evaluate the value of left ventricular diastolic CF in type diabetes mellitus dm using dualgate doppler and relative factors we included nonobesity and hypertensionfree dm patients into the controlled group in the study along with ageandgendermatched healthy volunteer subjects the peak early diastolic velocity e peak later diastolic velocity a deceleration time dt anterior mitral annulus diastolic peak velocity e isovolumic EC50 time ivrt ea ee tei index and tee were measured with dualgate doppler subjects were randomly selected for repetitive analysis study showed statistical difference in ea dt e ee ivrt tei index and tee between the two CG p linear SRA showed positive correlation between tee and ivrt course of dm patients and tee beta p and hbac control level and tee beta p repeated analysis showed good reproducibility for both within and between groups dualgate doppler has clinical value in evaluating left VVI diastolic function in type diabetes mellitus patients the course of type diabetes mellitus patients and hbac control level were both closely related with left VVI diastolic CF
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in pain published a SR of the measurement properties of selfreport pain intensity measures in children and adolescents stinson jn kavanagh t yamada j gill n stevens b systematic review of the psychometric properties interpretability and feasibility of selfreport PI measures for use in PCTs in children and adolescents pain key developments in pediatric pain necessitate an update of this work most notably growing use of the point numeric rating scale nrs our aim was to review the measurement properties of singleitem selfreport pain intensity measures in children to years old a AA aim was to develop evidencebased recommendations for measurement of child and adolescent selfreport of acute postoperative and chronic pain methodological quality and sufficiency of measurement properties for reliability validity responsiveness and interpretability was assessed by at least investigators using consensus based standards for the selection of health measurement instruments cosmin searches identified unique selfreport measures of which reported in papers met inclusion criteria wellestablished measures included the nrs color analogue scale cas faces pain scalerevised fpsr and original fps pieces of hurt oucherphotographic and numeric scales visual analogue scale and wongbaker faces pain rating scale faces SQ of studies ranged from poor to excellent and generally reported sufficient criterion and construct validity and responsiveness with VL reliability content and crosscultural validity were minimally assessed based on available evidence the nrs fpsr and cas were strongly recommended for selfreport of acute pain only weak recommendations could be made for selfreport measures for postoperative and chronic pain no measures were recommended for children younger than years identifying a need for further measurement refinement in this age range clinical practice and future research implications are discussed
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wahl p manunzio c vogt f strütt s volmary p bloch w and mester j accuracy of a modified lactate minimum test and reverse LT test to determine maximal lactate Css j strength cond res this study evaluated the accuracy of a modified lactate minimum test mlmt a modified reverse lactate threshold test mrlt compared with established threshold concepts ON of blood lactate accumulation obla and modified maximal deviation method mdmax to determine power output at maximal lactate steady state mlss in cycling nineteen subjects performed an mlmt mrlt graded exercise test w start w every minutes and or more constantload tests of T2 to determine SP SO at mlss the mlmt and mrlt both consisted of an initial lactate priming segment followed by a short REC phase afterward the initial load of the subsequent incffects of a nanocage can be determined by the field felt by an encapsulated noble gas ng atom using the polarizability distributions about ng endohedral fullerenes ngefs a new scheme based on the local polarizability of the ng is introduced to detect the shielding effects of fullerenes using DFT calculations and hirshfeld population analysis for large cage sizes this scheme can provide reliable results further analysis reveals that the shielding effect is dependent on the shape of the cage and a shielding zone can be found around the center of the cavity in which the electric field can be considered to be uniform and of lower strength than that of an applied external field for small cages intermolecular interactions between the cage and the endoatom contribute to the overestimation of the shielding effects
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the purpose of the study was to determine the tau and safety of docetaxel plus continuous infusion of fluorouracil fu in patients with MBC previously treated with anthracyclines a total of patients with histologically proven metastatic breast cancer and performance status who had received at least one anthracyclinecontaining regimen received docetaxel mg m followed by continuous infusion of fu mg m day for days every weeks for up to eight cycles all patients received corticosteroid premedication but there was no prophylactic colonystimulating factor support the most frequent metastatic CS were the liver bone and lung all patients were assessable for toxicity and were eligible and assessable for efficacy the objective response rate was ci for the per protocol group and ci for the intenttotreat itt population for the itt population median duration of response was months ci months MTP was months ci months and median survival was months ci not recorded months grade neutropenia occurred in of patients with febrile neutropenia in of patients and of cycles but infections were rare stomatitis was frequent grade in of patients and grade in one patient but manageable diarrhoea was rare grade in of patients and of cycles other grade nonhaematological toxicities were infrequent in conclusion this docetaxelfu regimen is highly AS and well tolerated in patients with anthracyclinepretreated metastatic breast cancer the tau is particularly promising as onethird of patients were either secondline andor anthracyclineresistantrefractory
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effect on cecal microbiota and mRNA of various cytokines in ileal PPs and cecal tissues were compared between viable and heatkilled bifidobacterium longum CS br br using a mouse model irrespectively of viability oral supplementation of br altered the cecal microbiota and stimulated gene expression of cytokines such as il and il in ileal PPs and cecal tissue of mice in addition br supplementation significantly affected the relative abundance of bacterial genera and family oscillospira bacteroides and s the abundance of these bacterial genera and family strongly correlated with mRNA induced by br this T0 demonstrated that the effect of heatkilled br on the mouse cecal microbiota is similar to that of viable br most likely due to stimulation of the gut immune system by both heatkilled and viable br is also similar
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williams syndrome ws is a contiguous gene deletion disorder in which the commonly deleted region contains at least genes one of these genes syntaxin a stxa codes for a protein that is highly expressed in the nervous system and is essential for the docking of synaptic LDV with the presynaptic plasma membrane in this study we refine the complete genomic structure of the human stxa gene by direct sequencing and primer walking of bacterial artificial chromosome bac clones and show that stxa contains at least exons and introns the length of exons range from bp to bp and all splice sites conform to the gtag rule investigation of the stxa gene sequence in five ws patients without detectable deletions did not identify any point mutations although the regulatory elements that control stxa transcription were not examined these results do not support a role for stxa in the ws phenotype
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the valencian breast cancer early PCD program vbcedp started in the valencian community spain in up to now mammographic units have been installed all over the region mammography is used to aid in the diagnosis of breast cancer diseases in women there is a health risk in the studied women due to ionising radiation that has to be estimated and controlled a methodology to calculate approximately the radiological detriment in the vbcedp has been developed based on MC techniques it has been used as qualitative parameter the average mean glandular dose from representative sample populations undergoing screening mammography digital or SF from each of the twentyfour units in T0 the american college of radiology imaging network reached to conclusion that digital mammography performed significantly better than film for pre and perimenopausal women younger than women who are undergoing the program are between and this fact allows us to T0 premenopausic women our group uses the software screenrisk to estimate induction and mortality rates in order to corroborate american conclusions in an european region the obtained results confirm the american results about the application of digital mammography in pre and perimenopausal women younger than years
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the occurrence of higherorder fourier components in an originally sinusoidal freecarrier index grating produced in cds by interference of two picosecond CS pulses is demonstrated by simultaneously monitoring the decay of the first and secondorder diffraction intensity of a transparent probe PP a pronounced contribution with doubled period can be attributed to an exciton phase grating formed by IB of electrons and holes of the freecarrier grating
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a pseudoaneurysm of the gastroduodenal i.a. gda is the rarest splanchnic i.a. aneurysm comprising fewer than of these lesions bleeding into the gastrointestinal tract is the most rapidly fatal complication of an arterial visceral pseudoaneurysm affecting of patients we present an unusual case of a gda PA that ruptured in the CBD and that was successfully treated by partial resection and hepatic i.a. reconstruction the postoperative evolution was favourable and the ct performed six months later disclosed the absence of a vascular tumour
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although the majority of cyclindependent kinases cdks play a key role in Tc progression recent evidence has shown that cdks are also implicated in transcription regulation here we describe two arabidopsis cdks designated arathcdkc and arath cdkc these cdks share a pitaire signature in the cyclinbinding domain and the structural characteristics of rat cdk yeast twohybrid screens and IP assays identified cdkcinteracting proteins with homology to the animal cyclin tcyclin k group we suggest that these arabidopsis cdkcs may be part of a kinase complex similar to the animal positive transcription elongation factor b whose activity is essential for transcription control expression studies showed that arath cdkc transcripts are mainly confined to epidermal tissues and are most abundant in flower tissues no expression was detected in actively dividing arabidopsis tissues suggesting a role for the cdkc proteins in differentiated cells
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screening for colorectal cancer is feasible and there is increasingly compelling evidence to show that such programmes can save lives at a c extent to which this glycoconjugate is expressed by other species in the current study we have examined the distribution of ueabinding sites on primary sensory neurones in seven different mammals IB sites for uea were associated with the BPM and cytoplasmic LG of small to medium dorsal root ganglion cells and their axon terminals in laminae iiii of the grey matter of the spinal cord in the rabbit cat and marmoset monkey however no binding was observed in either the dorsal root ganglia or spinal cord in the mouse rat guinea pig or flying fox these results indicate an interspecies variation in the expression of cellsurface GCs on rat primary sensory neurones
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dioctahedral smectite a non systemic antidiarrheal agent is mucoprotective and absorbs enterotoxins and rotavirus as demonstrated in animal models smectite has been successfully used in various countries in children and adults with acute diarrhea this study was to assess the efficiency of smectite associated with rehydration in infants with acute secretory diarrhea sixtytwo hospitalized thai infants aged months with acute sec diarrhea were randomly divided into CG receiving oral rehydration solution ors cases ors and smectite gday cases both groups were comparable for age weight nutritional status and duration of PS before treatment all infants received lactose free formula and chicken rice soup as the SD stool frequency weight change and duration of diarrhea were recorded the mean duration of diarrhea was hours in group and hours in group p the number of infants with diarrhea was significantly lower in group on day p and day p furthermore of infants in group and in group had still diarrhea on day the stool frequency and weight changes were not statistically different in the two groups no major SE were observed except two cases of vomiting and hardened stools it is concluded that smectite shortens the course of acute secretory diarrhea in thai infants smectite may reduce the occurrence of prolonged diarrhea furthermore in our study dioctahedral smectite was found to be safe in children aged to months
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the aqueous selfassembly behavior of a series of PE glycolpolyldlactide block copolymers and corresponding stereocomplexes is examined by differential scanning calorimetry dynamic CS scattering and transmission electron microscopy block copolymers assemble into spherical micelles and wormlike aggregates at room temperature whereby the fraction of the latter seemingly increases with decreasing lactide weight fraction or hydrophobicity the formation of the wormlike aggregates arises from the crystallization of the polylactide by which the spherical micelles become colloidally unstal differences between wildtype wt and va and vb double knockout dko mice for this we measured olfactory preference sexual behavior with receptive females four weekly tests in an EC large observation cage and anxietylike behaviors no difference between wt and dko mice was found in olfactory preferences for estrous female odor to male odor over all four mating tests the number of mounts and pursuits after receptive females was significantly greater in dko mice than in wt mice in the elevated plus maze and the open field test dko mice showed lower anxietylike behavior than wt mice finally we measured RPA behavior to several types of objects figurines and caged anestrous or estrous females placed in the open field apparatus the only difference observed was that dko mice spent longer in the vicinity of estrous females than did wt mice these findings suggest that vasopressin receptors are involved in the regulation of sociosexual behavior presumably partly mediated by emotional responses in male mice
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methoxatin is a novel oquinone coenzyme found in a variety of dehydrogenases and oxidases in this paper we present the visible absorption spectra apparent pka and midpoint potentials of the methoxatin and two analogous phenanthrolinedione semiquinones we have also obtained absorption spectra for the semiquinone forms of the methoxatincontaining holoenzyme methylamine dehydrogenase and of its resolved methoxatincontaining subunit the two protein and the methoxatin SQ spectra all differ from one another
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biological treatment of psoriasis a chronic inflammatory immunemediated pathology of huge social impact has become a recent revolutionizing breakthrough in the management of the disease apart from antitnfalpha biologics recombinant proteinsinhibitors of the t lymphocytesantigen presenting cells interaction efalizumab among them have been successfully used in the therapy of PS serious concern regarding safety and efficacy of biologics remains because they induce numerous adverse effects and a significant number of patients are nonresponders uptonow there are no biochemical orand immunological markers of the clinical efficacy of these drugs this T0 searches for immunological and redox markers of the clinical response in the group of psoriatic patients treated with efalizumab clinical response to efalizumab was assessed by psoriasis area and severity index and correlated with suppression of tcell functions plasma cytokines membraneassociated PUFA fatty acids pufas antioxidant enzymes and markers of oxidative AS a week efalizumab therapy did not affect abnormal plasma C2 of proinflammatory cytokines and lowerthannormal content of pufas esterified in phospholipids of red cell membranes it did however suppress tcellmediated functions and decrease nitritesnitrates and MDA C2 independently on the clinical outcome on contrast MICs of glutathione peroxidase gpx and glutathione stransferase in PMNL were remarkably increased and catalase decreased exclusively in nonresponders vs CR or partial NR high baseline gpx in erythrocytes decreased in NR it is concluded that clinical response to efalizumab correlates with gpx activity in the blood cells suggesting that high hydroperoxide levels are involved in psoriasis persistence
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the aim of the T0 was to evaluate the effect of ghrelin treatment on obestatin INS expression and PSA parameters in the pancreas of newbornstreptozocin stz diabetic rats rats were divided into CG GI control rats treated with PS group ii control rats treated with μgkgday ghrelin group iii two days T3 birth rats that received mgkg stz injected as a single dose to induce neonatal diabetes group iv neonatalstzdiabetic rats treated with ghrelin for four weeks sections of the pancreas were examined with immunohistochemistry for the expression of obestatin and insulin and in situ hybridization for the expression of insulin mrna the blood glucose levels were measured tissue homogenates were used for protein glutathione lipid peroxidation and nonenzymatic glycosylation levels and antioxidant enzyme analysis there was a significant difference in blood glucose levels in newbornstzdiabetic rats compared to ghrelin treated diabetic rats at weeks and in group iv pancreatic nonenzymatic glycosylation and lipid peroxidation levels were decreased however glutathione C2 and enzymatic MICs were increased insulin peptide and mrna signals in islets of langerhans and obestatin immunopositive cell numbers showed an increase in group iv compared to group iii these results suggest that administration of ghrelin to newborn rats may prevent effects of diabetes
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thymine glycol tg and hydroxyuracil ohu are common oxidized products of pyrimidines which are recognized and cleaved by two dna glycosylases of the base excision repair pathway endonuclease iii nth and endonuclease viii nei although there are several structures of nei enzymes unliganded or bound to an abasic apurinic or apyrimidinic site until now there was no structure of an nei bound to a dna lesion mimivirus nei mvnei is an ortholog of human neil which was previously crystallized bound to dna containing an AP site imamura k wallace s s and doublié s j biol chem here we present two crystal structures of mvnei bound to two oxidized pyrimidines tg and ohu both lesions are flipped out from the dna helix tg is in the anti conformation whereas ohu adopts both anti and syn conformations in the glycosylase active site only two protein side chains glu and tyr are within hydrogenbonding contact with either damaged base and mutating these residues did not markedly affect the glycosylase activity this finding suggests that lesion recognition by nei occurs before the damaged base flips into the glycosylase active site
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sarcomatous proliferation of the fibroblastlike stromal cells in renal cell carcinoma was found in three patients who had apparently tumorassociated hypercalcemia but no evidence of bone metastases the proliferation of stromal cells was not found in patients who also had renal cell carcinoma without hypercalcemia immunoreactive parathormonelike substance was detected in two of the three patients with hypercalcemia despite high C2 of serum calcium the parathormone assay was not conducted on the third hypercalcemic patient however buffer extract from one of the tumors associated with hypercalcemia was able to elicit an increase of the serum calcium in rats whereas buffer extract from a RT not associated with hypercalcemia failed to induce hypercalcemia in rats findings suggest that the stromal cells of renal cell carcinoma may play a role in the tumorassociated hypercalcemia the exact nature of the hypercalcemic agent is uncertain however in the case studied it appears that a parathormonelike substance was responsible
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tetracyclines have been reported to inhibit bone resorption and intensify bone formation the aim of the present T0 was to investigate the effects of doxycyclinep joint is necessary to facilitate closed hip nailing for trochanteric fracture even though positioning the patient supine with the perineal post against the ipsilateral medial thigh can NC the course of the neurovascular structure in the PT thigh there have been no reports regarding the position of the femoral artery in the hip nailing position
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although a substantial literature confirms the abnormal flow properties of diabetic blood only in a few papers has the vasculitis of diabetic neuropathy been considered to have a hemorheological cause it is proposed that the pathogenesis of nerve lesions involves an interaction between the specialized nerve V1 system and focal ICM lesions resulting from rheologically induced stasis the proposition is D2 into other conditions with abnormal blood rheology such as hypothyroidism uremia dysglobulinemia polyarteritis nodosa and lepromatous leprosy it is concluded that the treatment of such polyneuropathies should include an agent which would improve the flow properties of the blood
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although guanosine cyclic monophosphate cgmp acts as a relaxant second messenger the regulation of intracellular cgmp has not been comprehensively studied in human airway smooth muscle we studied the production of cgmp by cultured human airway smooth muscle cells hasmc T3 stimulation with activators of soluble guanylyl cyclase sodium nitroprusside snp and SNAP snap and particulate guanylyl cyclase atrial natriuretic peptide anp BB natriuretic peptide bnp ctype natriuretic peptide cnp and escherichia coli ST enterotoxin sta cgmp was measured by ELISA assay both snp to m and snap to m caused concentrationdependent elevation of cgmp in the presence of the nonselective phosphodiesterase pde inhibitor isobutylmethylxanthine m with cgmp increasing and fold in response to snp and snap respectively at the highest concentration tested m the increases in cgmp in response to snp x m and snap m were inhibited by hemoglobin hb x m a nitric oxide scavenger and methylene blue mb x m an inhibitor of guanylyl cyclase cgmp accumulation after snap was abolished by both hb and mb the response to snp was inhibited by with hb and was abolished with mb anp bnp and cnp to m phosphoramidon m caused a concentrationdependent elevation in cgmp with an order of potency anp bnp cnp cgmp formation in the presence of the highest concentration of the most potent natriuretic peptide m anp was two to threefold greater than with the highest concentration of snap the increase in cgmp seen with natriuretic MMP was similar in the presence or absence of phosphoramidon a neutral endopeptidase nep inhibitor suggesting that nep is not playing a role in modulating the effect of natriuretic MMP in hasmc sta iuml had no effect on cgmp C2 snap and anpinduced cgmp accumulation was increased by the selective type v pde inhibitors skf and zaprinast suggesting that type v pde is responsible for cgmp breakdown in hasmc these results suggest that cultured hasmc contain both soluble and particulate guanylyl cyclases the order of potency of the natriuretic MMP anp bnp cnp suggests that type a particulate membranebound guanylate cyclase predominates
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ARV preexposure prophylaxis has been shown to reduce the risk of human immunodeficiency virus type hiv infection in some studies but conflicting results have been reported among studies probably due to challenges of adherence to a daily regimen
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transgene expression is regulated through several steps this study focuses on the mrna translation step the expression level of transgenes can be increased by untranslated region utr sequences in certain genes which act as translational enhancers on the other hand translation in most mrna species is repressed by growth OD and AS events there is a possibility that Tg mrna is also repressed in these conditions despite the use of a translational enhancer therefore a consistently efficient translational enhancer is needed to develop a reliable transgene expression system herein we searched for mrnas translated stably under different growth OD and environmental conditions using data sets of polysome fraction assays and microarray analysis correct utr sequences of candidate genes were determined by cap analysis of gene expression and we tested translational ability of the candidate utrs by reporter assays we found the utr of coldregulated gene to be an ERP translational enhancer contributing to SD highlevel expression under various conditions
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the purpose of this study was to evaluate the ST wound healing and repair at the tissuecement interface with different hydroxyapatite cement formulations
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this article explored practical management experience of in vitro diagnostic reagents continuously improved the informatization of in vitro diagnostic reagents and carried out CBA further through studying in IVD reagents registration issued by china food and drug administration in so that we achieved a unified centralized management of in vitro diagnostic reagents improved the working efficiency and provided patients with more accurate and efficient service
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the organization of the ON projection to the olfactory bulb was studied IHC in the rb by using monoclonal antibodies mabs out of mabs raised against the homogenate of the olfactory bulb two types of mabs that strongly stained the olfactory nerve SF axons of olfactory receptor cells were selected and their IF patterns were analysed in detail mabs of one type represented by mab rd specifically labeled all olfactory receptor cells in the nasal epithelium and all olfactory nerve SF and their terminal portions in the bulb the other type of mabs represented by mab rb recognized only a subgroup of ON SF the rbpositive SF were distributed over the ventrolateral Az but not in the dorsomedial areas of the epithelium similarly in the bulb the rbpositive fibers terminated in the glomeruli in the VL and the caudal regions but not in the dorsomedial region these results demonstrate for the first time the cellular heterogeneity among olfactory receptor neurons at the molecular level the segregated distribution of the subtypes of or cell axons both in the epithelium and the bulb indicates a defined topographical organization of the olfacs were quite stable in uranyl acetate and phosphotungstic acid at ph and relatively SD in ammonium molybdate however staining with phosphotungstic acid at higher ph values with increased IF time yielded a reduction in the number of particles and particles that were broken or degraded to singleshelled particles or core particles the different IF procedures were also tested in immunoelectron microscopy experiments antibody molecules bound to rotavirus particles were observed clearly only with phosphotungstic acid IF and not with uranyl acetate we therefore recommend that UA and phosphotungstic acid at ph be used for negative staining of rotaviruses PTA at ph is optimal for immunoelectron microscopy these technical points may be critical for RV detection and are important for studies pertaining to the epidemiology and clinical importance of the nongroup a rotaviruses
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a dependence is studied between changes in the hco and co C2 the content of Pyr and lactate in blood and the manifestation of disturbances of external QO2 in Pr women suffering from the rheumatic and congenital HR disease changes in the carbonic acid level in the blood of pregnant women with pathology at equilibrium between free tubulin dimers and tubulin in rings were studied at different temperatures using the technique of isotopic exchange at equilibrium with radioactively labeled tubulin the values found for the halftime of the exchange reaction varied between or approximately min at degrees c and min at degrees c the relative participation of unlabeled rings and labeled dimers to microtubules in the time course of assembly was studied at degrees c the time dependence of microtubule SRA showed that tubulin incorporated in the initial stages of assembly came predominantly from rings this result indicates that oligomers directly issued from rings are the first intermediates in the assembly process and suggests that at the beginning of polymerization incorporation of isomers or fragments of rings proceeds at a faster rate than their dissociation into dimers polymerization experiments in the presence of maps with increasing concentrations of tubulin dimers indicated that maps are in rapid equilibrium with the microtubules and are distributed along the wall in a more or less loose lattice depending on the relative concentrations of tubulin and maps in the solution
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this article examines the relationship of organizational AF to resident satisfaction with assisted living while controlling for resident characteristics data were collected in interviews with residents in assisted living facilities results indicate that more satisfied residents are also happier more functionally independent more involved in their housing decision and less educated when controlling for resident characteristics higher levels of resident satisfaction are associated with smaller facility size a moderate level of PCS amenities greater availability of personal space fewer sociorecreational activities and nonprofit ownership these findings might be helpful in structuring a residentcentered regulatory approach to AL
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spores of bacillus anthracis sterne strain were recovered from ml and l volumes of tap and source waters using filtration through a um filter followed by overnight SC on agar plates in a set of experiments comparing SRBC srbc plates with a chromogenic agar formulation designed by r f laboratories with a spiking dose of plateenumerated spores in ml TW the mean spore recoveries were and spores respectively when a spiking dose of fluorescence activated cell sorterfacsenumerated spores was used in ml potable water the average REC with srbc plates was spores PCD efforts with spiking doses of and spores in l tap water were successful but REC efforts from spiked l volumes of source water were problematic due to the concomitant growth of normal sporeforming flora recoveries were also attempted on l volumes of TW for a spiking dose of spores mean REC from six replicates was spores range and for a spiking dose of spores mean recovery from six replicates was spores range efforts were also made to direct detect spores via polymerase chain reaction pcr on washes from filters when spiking spores in ml replicates of spiked tap water source water replicates and unspiked controls were positive by lef pcr when spores were spiked into l tap water the lef pcr was unsuccessful however using the nested vrra pcr resulted in spiked samples and unspiked controls testing positive our results indicate that an inexpensive and userfriendly method utilizing filtration apparatus commonly present in many water SQ testing labs can readily be adapted for use in detecting this potential threat agent
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studies on t cefbuperazone a new cephamycin antibiotic were carried out in the field of pediatrics and the following results were obtained peak mic of t against s pyogenes group a lately isolated was microgramsml and the drug was active even against highly resistant strains of macrolides LCM tetracycline and chloramphenicol peak mics of t were microgramml against b pertussis microgramml against e coli and less than or equal to microgramml against k oxytoca and the drug was also active against ampicillinresistant bacteria SS C2 and urinary excretions of t were investigated in cases when given at a dose of mgkg by hour intravenous drip infusion serum concentrations of t attained the peak level of microgramsml at the end of administration and sustained the level of microgramsml at hours the SS halflife t ranging minutes approximately of the dose were excreted in the AS form into urine within hours twentyseven cases of acute pediatric infections were treated with t mainly by intravenous drip infusion and satisfactory clinical results were obtained in all the cases of angina lacunaris bronchitis bronchopneumonia pertussis sepsis caused by serratia and acute urinary tract infections caused by ampicillinresistant e coli the tau rate was in this T0 the drug was po chiefly at a daily dose of mgkg times a day for days GPC s aureus s pneumoniae s pyogenes and gramnegative rods h influenzae h parainfluenzae p vulgaris b pertussis s marcescens e coli were eradicated by the treatment with t no noticeable SE were observed except for temporary increase of eosinophil in cases and slight elevation of got in case
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the ability to DP the seeding of nanodiamonds nds and thus selectively control Az of diamond growth is a useful capability for many applications including photonics microelectromechanical systems mems prototyping and biomaterial design a microprinting technique using a computerdriven micropipette has been developed to deposit patterns of nd monolayers from an unreactive waterglycerol nd ink to μm resolution the concentration and composition of the nd solution were optimized to realize highdensity monolayers of nds and consistent nd printing subsequent nanocrystalline diamond ncd patterns grown using chemical vapor deposition showed a high level of compliance with the printed nd DP this directwrite bottomup and additive process offers a versatile and simple alternative to DP diamond the process has the particular advantage that it does not require lithography or destructive processing such as reactiveion etching rie and pertinently does not involve reactive chemicals that could alter the surface chemistry of nds furthermore given that this process obviates the use of conventional lithography substrates that are not suitable for lithographic processing eg excessively small or threedimensional structured substrates can be inscribed with nd patterns the technique also allows for the growth of discrete localized singlecrystal nanodiamonds with applications in quantum technology
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heavily calcified lesions hcl continue to present challenges that are not always solved by modern lowprofile noncompliant highpressure balloons or bladed balloons uncrossable or unexpandable lesions need lesion modification using ablating devices such as rotational atherectomy three cases of hcl treated with drugeluting stents using a new intravascular imaging device OCT with fold superior resolution and fewer artifacts compared with conventional intravascular ultrasound are presented insights from using this highly sensitive imaging technique outline the high prevalence of persistent stent strut malapposition in this group despite the use of highpressure dilatation or rotational atherectomy
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a mean of of lymphocytes in tenriched S9 of human IP blood bound purified chicken antihuman fab antibodies to their surface CM as demonstrated by the mixed antiglobulin rosetting reaction marr by reverse passive HA these antibodies reacted strongly with kappa light chains and with fd gamma but gel diffusion analyses absorption on affinity columns and inhibition experiments established that the antifab antibodies were not isotype specific and that there was extensive serological crossreactivity between fd gamma and kappa and probably also between fd gamma and mu chains the antigenic determinants recognized on the tcells surfaces were not shared by ig fractions from several other mammalian species trypsin treatment of lymphocytes removed all determinants recognized by antifab antibodies from approximately twothirds of the cells but these cells almost completely reexpressed these determinants during in vitro SC this indicates that the tcell determinants seen by antifab antibodies are t cell products and do not represent adsorbed ig CR inhibition of the marr by human fab excludes false positive rosette formation due to contaminating specificities directed against nonig molecules on TA together the various findings are consistent with the conclusion that most human peripheral blood t cells express ig or igrelated molecules in their surface CM a mean of of lymphocytes in tenriched preparations were reactive with muchain TPS chicken antibodies it may be that a minority of t cells express mu chain determinants in addition to those recognized by antifab antibodies
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scarboxymethylated UG a small progesteronebinding globular protein was studied by means of highfield proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy conformational changes induced by the steroid have been observed and indicate a welldefined rearrangement of the structure of the protein the unusual stoichiometry of one progesterone to two uteroglobin dimers is confirmed by h nmr his plays a CE role in the mechanism of interaction of UG with progesterone the ph dependence of affinity constant for the complexation of the steroid parallels the titration of this histidine although it is not a part of the AS site it influences a crucial conformational transition of the protein through the charge carried by its imidazole ring formation of a tetramer of uteroglobin subunits able to bind progesterone is critically compared to a kinetic scheme involving only dimers
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the bacterial genera rhizobium and bradyrhizobium nitrogenfixing symbionts of legumes secrete TPS lipochitooligosaccharides that induce the formation of nodules on their host plants when preparations of such nodulationinducing factors nod factors were added to suspensioncultured tomato cells a rapid and transient alkalinization of the culture medium occurred LOS S9 from rhizobium or bradyrhizobium treated with flavonoids known inducers of nod factor synthesis were up to times more potent in inducing alkalinization than the ones from UT bacteria the activity was absent from S9 of the mutant CS rhizobium sp ngr delta nodabc unable to produce any NFs preparations of NFs from various bacteria as well as individual highly purified nod factors from rhizobium sp ngrpa induced alkalinization in the tomato cell cultures at nanomolar concentrations this demonstrates that nod AF can be perceived by tomato a nonhost of rhizobia using the alkalinization response as a sensitive bioassay nod AF were found to be inactivated by plant chitinases root chitinases purified from different legumes differed in their potential to inactivate differently substituted NFs produced by rhizobium sp ngrpa this indicates that the specificity of the bacteriumhost plant interaction may be due at least in part to differential inactivation of NFs by root chitinases
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we report a case of bilateral temporal bone anomalies in a child with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection and severe bilateral sensorineural hearing loss identified at months of age highresolution temporal bone computed tomography hrct revealed BL findings of a short malformed cochlea lacking an interscalar septum a short and wide IAC and an enlarged VA features diagnostic of BL mondini dysplasia to determine the importance of this observation we completed hrct in five additional children between months and years of age who had evidence of symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection one child with profound sensorineural hearing loss had severe BL temporal bone dysplasia with a small cochlea lacking an interscalar septum an abnormal vestibule and a C1 cochlear aqueduct of the remaining four children hearing thresholds ranged from normal to profoundly decreased but their hrct scans were normal to visual inspection when inner ear dimensions of these temporal bones were compared with norms established by pappas and coworkers however seven of the eight ears had short cochleas and narrow lateral semicircular canals and three ears had short or narrow vestibules these results indicate that congenital CMV may cause anomalies or growth disturbances of the temporal bone
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following our previous finding that sodium selenite induces apoptosis in human one nb cells we now show that the expression of the critical antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase mnsod is remarkably elevated during this process we further reveal that ROS species ros especially superoxide radicals play a crucial role in seleniteinduced mnsod upregulation with extracellular regulated kinase erk and p closely implicated specifically erk translocates into the nucleus driven by ros where it directly phosphorylates p leading to dissociation of p from its GABA protein mouse double minute mdm AS p directly mediates the expression of mnsod serving as the link between erk translocation and mnsod upregulation
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