text
stringlengths 10
10.1k
| source
stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|
to report a new corneal iron deposit T3 excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy prk | MEDAL |
many epidemiological studies have examined the associations of nutrients and foods with risk of SC few studies have addressed the dietary patterns that reflect various components of food consumption and their interactions we identified L1 four dietary patterns vegetable and fruit western breakfast meat and ricesnack with principal component analysis using food consumption questionnaire in a prospective study of MA male workers in tokyo T3 years of followup between september and august incident cases of SC were documented using PH regression to estimate risk ratios we found no clear association between each of dietary pattern and SC risk after adjustment for age and other potential confounding AF and T3 exclusion of the cases diagnosed in first followup year the risk ratio rr associated with high tertile compared to low tertile was ci for vegetable and fruit DP and ci for western breakfast DP the vshaped associations between dietary patterns and stomach cancer risk were appeared in the meat rr and and the ricesnack rr and patterns while the linear trend of these associations was statistically on borderline the roll of overall dietary patterns in predicting SC risk requires further investigation | MEDAL |
previous research has suggested that the entorhinal cortex plays a major role in the production of type rhythmical slowwave activity rsa recorded in the hippocampus of the freely moving preparation in the present experiment we investigated the contribution of the entorhinal cortex to the type fields recorded under urethane anesthesia rats had stimulating electrodes and cannulae filled with procaine positioned in the PP of one or both hemispheres recording electrodes were positioned in the dorsal hippocampus of each hemisphere to record perforant path and commissuralassociational evoked potentials and rsa fields following unilateral procaine blockade a decrease in rsa amplitude was observed in the stratum oriens and fissure regions of both hemispheres concomitant with this NC in rsa there was a loss of PP evoked responses although commissuralassociational control potentials remained unaltered a greater reduction in rsa amplitude was observed following BL procaine microinfusion rsa phase reversal also occurred more dorsally in microelectrode depth profiles conducted through the hippocampus during PP inactivation in current source density analyses performed under baseline conditions C1 rhythmic sinks were observed in SO in stratum radiatum and in strata adjacent to the hippocampal fissure a rhythmic source was often observed in stratum pyramidale following PP inactivation decreases in the magnitude of the phasic sinks located near the fissure and stratum radiatum were observed in contrast to the reduction in rsa amplitude observed in the SO region the sink in this region and the source in SP remained relatively unaltered these results demonstrate that the entorhinal region contributes to the production of rsa observed under urethane anesthesia furthermore the csd and amplitude changes following perforant path inactivation suggest that a substantial portion of rsa recorded in stratum oriens may result from ventrally located rsa dipoles | MEDAL |
functional mri fmri has provided much insight into the changes in the neuronal activity on the basis of blood oxygen level dependent bold phenomenon the dynamic changes in the metabolites can be detected using PET PMR spectroscopy hfmrs the strategy of combining fmri and hfmrs would facilitate the understanding of the neurochemical interpretation of the bold signal the DL prefrontal region is critically involved in the processing of working memory wm as demonstrated by the studies involving the neuroimaging NP and electrophysiological experiments in this T0 we tested the association between bold signal and changes in brain metabolites in the left DL prefrontal region using nback verbal wm task we used singlevoxel taskbased hmrs acquired in the left dorsolateral prefrontal region and fmri during the performance of nback verbal wm task to investigate the association between changes in metabolites and bold response in healthy participants the correlation between changes in metabolites and percent signal change was examined by the pearson rho the pearson rho analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between the bold signal and glutamateglutamine in the left DL prefrontal region during the verbal wm our finding suggests that Glx cycle plays a critical role in the neuronal activation as reflected by the changes in the bold response | MEDAL |
the degradation of agmatine to succinate by klebsiella aerogenes occurs in five steps the enzyme catalyzing the first step agmatinase is induced by agmatine the enzymes catalyzing the second and third steps putrescine aminotransferase and aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase are induced by putrescine and also by their product aminobutyrate the enzymes catalyzing the fourth and fifth steps aminobutyrate aminotransferase and succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase are induced by aminobutyrate this compound also serves as gratuitous inducer of the catabolic acetylornithine aminotransferase the formation of the enzymes responsible for agmatine degradation is regulated not only by induction but also by catabolite repression and activation by glutamine synthetase | MEDAL |
mice transgenic for growth hormone develop mesangial proliferation glomerular hypertrophy and progressive glomerular sclerosis suggesting that the growth hormoneinsulinlike growth factor i igfi pathway plays an important role therefore we studied the impact of VL concentrations of kd kd growth hormone as well as of the growth HR antagonist pegvisomant bpeg on both the growth HR ghrghbp gene expression and growth hormone IB protein ghbp formation in a human glomerular mesangial cell L1 further the impact on collagen igfi and igf binding protein igfbp formation was studied | MEDAL |
since the number and proportion of old people increases worldwide health professionals and systems should be made aware and prepared to deal with their problems cognitive deficit and symptoms of depression are common among the elderly and may occur in relation to various risk AF such as health conditions and psychosocial variables in order to study cognitive deficit and the presence of signs and PS of depression elderly community subjects enrolled at a community health unit in porto alegre southern brazil were interviewed they were evaluated by means of the mini mental state exam the montgomeryasberg depression rating scale and a questionnaire on health conditions living arrangements and social variables higher levels of symptoms of depression were observed among subjects exposed to major risk factors for cerebrovascular diseases diabetes and coronary disease while impaired cognitive performance was seen among individuals who could not count on the presence of a confidant social network VL the results suggest that the early identification of major risk CG among old people can help to prevent institutionalization and keep individuals in the community | MEDAL |
the mouse is an extremely valuable model for studying vagal development in relation to CS differences genetic R2 gene manipulations or pharmacological manipulations therefore a method using dioctadecyltetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate dii was developed for labeling vagal innervation of the gastrointestinal gi tract in embryonic and postnatal mice dii labeling was adapted and optimized for this purpose by varying several facets of the method for example insertion and crushing of dii crystals into the nerve led to faster dii DWI along vagal axons and diffusion over longer distances as compared with piercing the nerve with a micropipette tip coated with dried dii oil moreover inclusion of edta in the fixative reduced leakage of dii out of nerve fibers that occurred with long incubations also mounting labeled tissue in pbs was superior to glycerol with npropyl gallate which resulted in reduced clarity of dii labeling that may have been due to dii leaking out of SF optical sectioning of flattened wholemounts permitted examination of individual tissue layers of the gi tract wall this procedure aided ID of nerve ending types because in most instances each type innervates a different tissue layer between embryonic day and postnatal day growth of axons into the gi tract formation and patterning of fiber bundles in the myenteric plexus and early formation of putative afferent and efferent nerve terminals were observed thus the dii tracing method developed here has opened up a window for investigation during an important phase of vagal OD | MEDAL |
we present genarris a python package that performs configuration space screening for molecular crystals of rigid molecules by random sampling with physical constraints for fast energy evaluations genarris employs a harris approximation whereby the total density of a molecular crystal is constructed via superposition of single molecule densities dispersioninclusive DFT is then used for the harris density without performing a selfconsistency cycle genarris uses ML for clustering based on a relative coordinate descriptor developed specifically for molecular crystals which is shown to be robust in identifying packing motif similarity in addition to random structure generation genarris offers three workflows based on different sequences of successive clustering and selection steps the rigorous workflow is an exhaustive exploration of the PE landscape the energy workflow produces a set of low energy structures and the diverse workflow produces a maximally diverse set of structures the latter is recommended for generating initial populations for genetic algorithms here the implementation of genarris is reported and its application is demonstrated for three test cases | MEDAL |
bronchiolitis is the most common acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants and the first cause of hospitalization in this age group despite it has been studied for over years its management remains controversial and nowadays the treatment is only supportive pediatricians should be well acquainted with the clinical course of the disease in particular they should know that the severity of respiratory symptoms peaks between days of the disease and dehydration is a key sign to consider for the management in this review we will discuss the most controversial points in the management of bronchiolitis according to six evidencebased guidelines six clinical practice guidelines and five consensusbased reviews | MEDAL |
PBT can cause cerebral arterial gas embolism cage from pulmonary overdistension of alveoli forcing gas into the pulmonary vasculature we report a case of cage in a man found to have occult pulmonary arteriovenous malformation pavm and undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea osa a yearold man was admitted to the hospital for an acute seizure and leftsided weakness with telangiectasias on his lower lip and tongue braincomputed tomography ct showed gas emboli in the right hemisphere chest ct revealed a cm pavm in the posterior right costophrenic sulcus a transthoracic echocardiogram showed no intracardiac shunt or patent foramen ovale he was treated with phenytoin lidocaine and hyperbaric oxygen the pavm was occluded with a detachable balloon followed by coil embolization PSG revealed severe obstructive SA which was treated with cpap seven years later the patient was functioning at his preevent baseline we propose the cage was caused by high negative intrathoracic pressures while PLB against an obstructed upper airway with air entrainment into the pavm and subsequent arterialization | MEDAL |
the sequence of growth hormone gh is generally strongly conserved in mammals but episodes of rapid NC occurred during the evolution of primates and artiodactyls when the rate of gh evolution apparently increased substantially as a result the sequences of higher primate and ruminant ghs differ markedly from sequences of other mammalian ghs in order to increase knowledge of gh evolution in cetartiodactyla artiodactyla plus cetacea we have cloned and characterized gh genes from camel camelus dromedarius hippopotamus hippopotamus amphibius and giraffe giraffa camelopardalis using genomic dna and a polymerase chain reaction technique as in other mammals these gh genes comprise five exons and four introns two very similar gh gene sequences encoding identical proteins were found in each of hippopotamus and giraffe the deduced sequence for the mature hippopotamus gh is identical to that of dolphin in accord with current ideas of a close relationship between cetacea and hippopotamidae the sequence of camel gh is identical to that reported previously for alpaca gh the sequence of giraffe gh is very similar to that of other ruminants but differs from that of nonruminant cetartiodactyls at about residues the results demonstrate that the apparent burst of rapid evolution of gh occurred largely T3 the separation of the L1 leading to ruminants from other cetartiodactyls | MEDAL |
the use of external fixation for intraarticular calcaneal fractures is increasing in popularity studies have shown fine wire and monoaxial EF to be a viable surgical alternative to more invasive methods of open reduction and internal fixation of the calcaneus however there is an absence of literature that quantifies the risk of pin IS for monoaxial fixation this T0 aimed to determine the safety of inserting monoaxial pins within the calcaneus to house the orthofix calcaneal minifixator five formalin embalmed cadaveric ankle and lower leg specimens were inserted with six monoaxial pins careful dissection then revealed the presence of the tendons of PL and brevis the SN and the small RSV in relation to these pins measurements from each pin to each of these structures were made as the structures transected lines drawn from each pin to two palpable bony landmarks the VPI tip of the lateral malleolus and the posterosuperior calcaneus in doing this the risk posed by each pin could be evaluated we found that two particular pins those used to hold the articular surface of the subtalar joint in a reduced position posed a larger risk of injury to surrounding structures than the remaining pins these findings therefore suggest that monoaxial fixation of the calcaneus using a six pin RPA is a relatively safe method of rectifying calcaneal fractures and thus may serve as a welcome alternative to other methods of calcaneal fixation | MEDAL |
gorlingoltz syndrome also known as basal cell nevus syndrome is an uncommon autosomal dominant inherited disorder which is characterized by numerous BCCs maxillary keratocysts and MSK malformations occasionally it is associated with aggressive BCCs and internal malignancies early diagnosis and treatment are essential as well as genetic counseling a patient with characteristic PS of nevoid BCCs and a review of the literature are presented | MEDAL |
steryl ferulate sf is a bioactive mixture extracted from rice bran and shows higher GABA activity against inflammation than the corresponding free sterols in this T0 the aim was to investigate the antiinflammatory effect and prostate mRNA profiling of sf using a xiaozhilinginduced nonbacterial prostatitis nbp rat model the antiinflammatory effect was evaluated by prostate weight prostate index acid phosphatase density of lecithin corpuscles dlc white blood RCC wbc and prostatic histologic section prostate gene expression profiling was assessed by a cdna microarray and validated by quantitative RT pcr of five selected genes pathway analysis and gene ontology go analysis were applied to determine the roles of these differentially expressed genes involved in these biological pathways or go terms sf treatment could significantly inhibit prostate weight prostate index total acid phosphatase prostatic acid phosphatase and wbc suppress the severity of histological lesion and increase the dlc compared with the control group the sf TG contained upregulated genes and downregulated genes go analysis demonstrated that the most significant expression genes were closely related to the terms of fibrinolysis inflammatory response highdensity lipoprotein particle proteinlipid complex enzyme inhibitor activity peptidase inhibitor activity and others canonical pathway analysis indicated five pathways were significantly regulated which were associated with inflammation and tumorgenesis in conclusion sf may be used as a health supplement to prevent nbp in that it could inhibit prostate inflammation in nbp patients by affecting the expression of genes in the related go terms and pathways | MEDAL |
to better understand the human mind from an evolutionary perspective a great deal of research has focused on the closest living relative of humans the chimpanzee using various approaches including studies of social IQ here i review recent research related to several aspects of social intelligence including deception understanding of perception and intention social learning trading cooperation and regard for others many studies have demonstrated that chimpanzees are proficient in using their social intelligence for selfish motives to benefit from their interactions with others in contrast it is not yet clear whether chimpanzees engage in prosocial behaviors that benefit others however chimpanzee motherinfant interactions indicate the possibility of such behaviors therefore i propose that chimpanzees possess rudimentary traits of human mental competence not only in terms of theory of mind in a broader sense but also in terms of prosociality involving regard for others motherinfant interactions appear to be particularly important to understanding the manifestation of social intelligence from an evolutionary perspective | MEDAL |
we sought to determine whether measurement of histoplasma capsulatum var capsulatum antigen concentration in tissues and blood provided a marker for antifungal effect of itraconazole in a nonlethal mu MM of histoplasmosis treatment with itraconazole sporanox in cyclodextrin was evaluated in a pulmonary model of histoplasmosis mice infected with x yeastphase organisms by ET inoculation were treated with itraconazole mg twice daily by gavage for consecutive days beginning on day of infection all mice were sacrificed on day of infection blood spleen and lung tissues were removed for culture and quantification of antigen numbers of organisms were significantly lower in spleens from the treated group vs in the control group p numbers of organisms in lung were colony forming units in treated versus in control animals p antigen concentrations in SP tissue and serum weulllength protein a subset of these sera was also tested for CR with the NT polypeptide the alphasm antibody titers in infected patients varied widely and were not correlated with egg counts or age of the individuals most of the seroreactivity was directed against the CT polypeptide | MEDAL |
the dosage effect of ychromosome heterochromatin on suppression of position effect variegation pev has long been wellknown in drosophila the phenotypic effects of increasing the overall dosage of y heterochromatin have also been demonstrated hyperploidy of the y chromosome produces male sterility and many somatic defects including variegation and abnormal ld be a valid alternative to that of ERP concentrations for classification of nanotoxicity and may lay the foundation for future quantitative structure activity relationships and predictive nanotoxicity models | MEDAL |
the importance of extracellular protease production by aeromonas salmonicida the bacterial pathogen of fish furunculosis was investigated with four virulent strains which were autoagglutinative hemagglutinative resistant to fish SS adhesive to fish TC protease positive hemolysin positive and leukocytolysin positive and three avirulent strains which were nonagglutinative nonhemagglutinative sensitive to serum nonadhesive protease positive hemolysin positive and leukocytolysin positive a proteasedeficient mutant ntg was induced by mutagenesis with nmethylnnitronnitrosoguanidine from virulent strain a showing protease production which was common to the two strain groups strain ntg showed loss of virulence in determinations of lethal doses although it remained autoagglutinative hemagglutinative serum resistant adhesive Hly positive and leukocytolysin positive a protease fraction separated from extracellular products of strain a by deaecellulose column chromatography had the capacity to produce skin lesions furuncles and high mortality in sockeye salmon a comparable protein fraction from extracellular products of ntg resulted in no protease activity and no pathological effects on the fish the avirulent strains were eliminated from rainbow trout in a short time whereas the virulent strains including a were highly L3 and proliferated in hosts ntg preserved its infectivity but fish showed no signs of disease and no mortality these findings indicate that extracellular protease is a L1 VF and that protease production in the host is closely implicated in the pathogenesis of fish furunculosis | MEDAL |
renal CF and blood flow decline during aging in association with a decrease in the number of intrarenal vessels but if loss of estrogen contributes to this microvascular rarefaction remains unclear we tested the hypothesis that the decreased renal microvascular density with age is aggravated by loss of estrogen sixmonthold female cbl mice underwent ovariectomy ovx or sham operation and then were allowed to age to mo another comparable group was replenished with estrogen T3 ovx ovxe while a moold group served as young controls kidneys were then dissected for evaluation of microvascular density by MCT and angiogenic and fibrogenic AF cortical density of small MV μm was decreased in all aged CG compared with young controls ± vesselsmm² p but tended to be lower in sham compared with ovx and ovxe ± vs ± and ± vesselsmm² p and p respectively cortical density of larger microvessels μm decreased only in aged sham p vs young control and proangiogenic signaling was att on the other hand renal fibrogenic mechanisms were aggravated in aged ovx compared with aged sham but blunted in ovxe in association with downregulated transforming growth factorβ signaling and decreased oxidative AS in the kidney therefore aging induced in female mice renal cortical microvascular loss which was likely not mediated by loss of endogenous estrogen however estrogen may play a role in protecting the kidney by decreasing oxidative stress and attenuating mechanisms linked to renal interstitial fibrosis | MEDAL |
high quality intense pulsed light ipl systems can offer simple safe and ERP treatments for longterm hair reduction skin rejuvenation and removal of benign V1 and pigmented lesions considerable differences in clinical efficacy and adverse effects have been recorded amongst different ipl systems despite comparable display settings this study examines the R2 in PP structures exhibited by several popular professional ipl systems that can cause a spectral NC within the broadband SO depending on the pulse structure chosen by the system designers a fast spectrometer was used to capture ipl spectral outputs a spectral distribution shift that occurs both within a pulse and between pulses is clearly demonstrated and is more prominent with uncontrolled free discharge systems than with square pulsed technology which provides a constant spectral CSD throughout the pulse duration | MEDAL |
matrix metalloproteinase mmp Kd of extracellular matrix is thought to play an important role in invasion angiogenesis RT growth and metastasis several studies have demonstrated that cdextracellular mmp inducer a membranespanning molecule highly expressed in tumor cells may be involved in the progression of malignancies by regulating expression of mmp in peritumoral stromal cells in the present T0 we show that cd is expressed in microvesicles derived from epithelial ovarian cancer cells and that CD4+ LDV may promote an angiogenic phenotype in endothelial cells in vitro vesicles shed by human ovarian carcinoma cell lines ovcar skov and a expressed different levels of cd and stimulated proangiogenic activities of human umbilical vein endothelial cells huvecs in a cddependent fashion ovcar skov a moreover vesicles shed by ovarian carcinoma cell line caba i with low cd expression had no significant effect on the OD of angiogenic phenotype in huvecs the treatment of ovcar cells with small interfering rna against cd suppressed the angiogenic potential of ovcarderived microvesicles however transfection of cd cdna into the caba i cell line enabled caba iderived vesicles to induce angiogenesis and to promote mmp genes expression in huvecs we therefore conclude that vesicles shed by ovarian cancer cells may induce proangiogenic MICs of huvecs by a cdmediated mechanism | MEDAL |
ketorolac THAM is a relatively new nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug nsaid with potent analgesic activity similar to other nsaids ketorolac has the potential to impair renal CF to assess the renal hemodynamic impact of the ketorolac in aged lean and obese rats ketorolac was orally administered to weekold lean and obese zucker rats for two weeks ketorolac was mixed with rat chow in a manner to provide a dose equivalent to mgkg body weightday glomerular filtration rate gfr and ERP renal plasma flow erpf were measured under anesthesia by standard inulin and paminohippuric acid clearance method respectively urinary prostaglandin pg e excretion was measured before and after ketorolac treatment ketorolac treatment significantly reduced obese rat gfr vs mlming p and erpf vs mlming p relative to obese control rats in comparison ketorolac did not significantly alter lean rats gfr vs mlming or erpf vs mlming relative to lean control rats chronic ketorolac treatment significantly reduced hematocrit by and percent in lean and obese rats relative to controls respectively the renal vascular resistance was significantly increased with ketorolac treatment in obese rats vs mmhgmlmin p but not lean rats vs mmhgmlmin ns relative to corresponding controlsabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
the aim of the present T0 was to develop an animal MM to test the therapeutic potential of purified cd and cd tlymphocytes against the intracerebrally implanted rat glioma cell L1 tz peripheral immunization of donor rats was performed by subcutaneous i.t. of viable tz tumor cells while control animals received buffer i.t. donor splenic tlymphocytes were prepared days later and EC by immunebead macs sorting facscan analysis revealed that of the pooled and sorted cells of the RT immune group were tlympocytes and from the control animals the purified immune cdcd tlymphocytes to x cells were injected intraperitoneally into adult rats three groups each four animals which were challenged five days later by an intracerebral i.t. of x tz glioma cells four rats received x tcells from control animals while of animals developed a BB tumor and died in the control group all animals which received x immune tcells survived the intracerebral RT challenge in the other CG survival rate depended on the amount of tcells given all other rats were sacrificed days after intracerebral grafting no RT was found in these animals our data demonstrate that an antitumor tcell response can be raised against the malignant C6 tz and that purified cd and cd tlymphocytes from tumor immunized donors can transfer protective immunity across the bloodbrain barrier into recipient rats which are RT challenged intracerebrally | MEDAL |
nanomaterials have been widely tested as new generation vaccine adjuvants but few evoke efficient immunoreactions clay nanoparticles for example layered double XTT ldh and hectorite hec nanoparticles have shown their potent adjuvanticity in generating ERP and durable immune responses however the mechanism by which clay nanoadjuvants stimulate the IS is not well understood here it is demonstrated that ldh and hecantigen complexes form loose agglomerates in culture mediumserum they also form nodules with loose structures in tissue after subcutaneous i.t. where they act as a depot for up to d more importantly clay NPs actively and continuously recruit immune cells into the depot for up to one month and stimulate stronger immune responses than fdaapproved adjuvants alum and quila sustained antigen release is also observed in clay nanoparticle depots with antigen released after d in contrast alumantigen complexes show minimal antigen release from the depot importantly ldh and hec are more ERP than quila and alum in promoting memory tcell proliferation these findings suggest that both clay nanoadjuvants can serve as AS vaccine platforms for sustained and potent immune responses | MEDAL |
nimarelated kinase nek has been implicated in microtubule regulation to suppress the ectopic outgrowth of epidermal cells however its molecular functions remain to be elucidated here we analyze the function of nek and other members of the nek family with regard to epidermal cell expansion and cortical microtubule organization the functional nekgreen FL protein fusion localizes to cortical microtubules predominantly in particles that exhibit dynamic movement along microtubules the kinasedead mutant of nek ibo exhibits a disturbance of the cortical microtubule array at the site of ectopic protrusions in epidermal cells pharmacological studies with microtubule inhibitors and quantitative analysis of microtubule dynamics indicate excessive stabilization of cortical MTs in ibonek mutants in addition nek directly binds to microtubules in vitro and phosphorylates βtubulin nek interacts and colocalizes with nek and nek in a transient expression CA the ibo mutation markedly reduces the interaction between nek and nek and increases the interaction between nek and nek nek and nek are required for the ibonek ectopic outgrowth phenotype in epidermal cells these results demonstrate that nek homodimerizes and forms heterodimers with nek and nek to regulate cortical microtubule organization possibly through the phosphorylation of βtubulins | MEDAL |
a yearold female presented with a left C2 tumor gastrointestinal endoscopic examination showed advanced gastric cancer type which was diagnosed as poorlydifferentiated adenocarcinoma computed tomography ct showed hugely enlarged virchow and paraaortic CL NO she was treated with oral s mgday for days followed by a week rest after two courses s was administered for days followed by a day rest because of side effects T3 five courses of treatment ct showed complete disappearance of the lymph node metastases TG and lymph node dissection were performed the histology was judged as grade the residual CA in the stomach was only mm in size and there were no viable CA cells in any lymph NO one year postoperatively the patient is alive without recurrence | MEDAL |
the effects of two different neem products parker oil and neema on mortality food consumption and survival of the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens stål bph homoptera delphacidae were investigated the lc mll for nymph and mll for AD in parker oil treatment mll for nymph and mll for adult in neema treatment and lc mll for nymph and mll for AD in parker oil treatment mll for nymph and mll for AD in neema treatment were identified by probit analysis the lc equal to recommended dose was applied in the rice field the ERP concentration of both parker oil and neema took more than h to kill of the n lugens fourth instar nymph and adult female n lugens were caged on rice plants and exposed to a series both lc and lc of neem concentrations nymph and adult female n lugens that were chronically exposed to neem pesticides showed immediate mortality after application in laboratory experiment the quantity of food ingested and assimilated by n lugens on neemtreated rice plants was significantly less than on control rice plants the results clearly indicate the neembased pesticide parker oil and neema containing low MLC can be used effectively to inhibit the growth and survival of n lugens | MEDAL |
the virallyencoded hiv protease is an ERP target for antiviral drugs however treatment for hiv infections is limited by the prevalence of drug resistant viral mutants in this review we describe our threepronged approach to analyze and combat drug resistance understanding the molecular basis for resistance due to PIs is a key initial step in this approach this knowledge is being employed for the design of new improved inhibitors with high affinity for resistant mutants as well as wild type enzyme in parallel with exp studies of diverse mutants and GABA EDC we are developing efficient algorithms to predict drug resistance phenotype from genotype data this RPA has important pracpennis fairmaire is an invasive pest of ash trees fraxinus spp in north america that was recently found infesting WG fringetree chionanthus virginicus l initial reports of the infestation of white fringetree by emerald ash borer occurred in southwestern ohio and chicago il we examined WG fringetrees at additional sites in illinois indiana ohio and pennsylvania in summer and fall and winter for emerald ash borer infestation our aim was to examine white fringetrees at a limited number of sites with emerald ash borer infestation and to relate tree size crown dieback epicormic sprouting tree sex and adjacency to ash or white fringetrees with the likelihood of beetle infestation a higher proportion of infested trees exhibited epicormic sprouting and the likelihood that a tree was infested increased with increasing crown dieback variables that may be both predictors and responses to attack the proportion of trees infested with emerald ash borer increased with increasing tree size signs consistent with emerald ash borer infestation were found in of white fringetrees with at least one host infested at each site in all states infestation rates of white fringetrees increased with the density of WG fringetrees at each site the chicago botanic garden site had a significantly lower infestation than other sites which may be due to proactive management of ash overall these data indicate WG fringetree has been utilized by emerald ash borer throughout their overlapping ranges in the united states in ornamental settings likely due to ecological fitting | MEDAL |
NL nl is a degenerative disease of dermal connective tissue of unknown etiology characterized by erythematous plaques preferentially localized to distal extremities skin lesions show a chronic relapsing nature nl is often associated with diabetes mellitus and satisfactory treatment options are lacking we describe the spontaneous healing of nl lesions T3 pancreas and kidney transplantation in a type diabetic patient with chronic nl recalcitrant to a variety of standard treatments the yrold male patient had experienced nl lesions for more than yr despite various systemic and topical treatments the skin lesions had pregressively enlarged because of endstage renal disease a simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation was performed and IS therapy with tacrolimus tac mycophenolate mofetil mmf and prednisone was started pancreatic transplantation maintained satisfactory metabolic control with no need of exogenous insulin Tx skin lesions slowly healed without any specific treatment leaving residual areas of fibrotic scars a skin biopsy confirmed the absence of typical nl lymphocytic and histiocytic inflammatory response clinical remission of nl lesions may probably be explained by the concomitant effect of multipledrug regimen for immunosuppression tac mmf and prednisone and improved skin MC AA to the good metabolic control provided by pancreas transplantation | MEDAL |
gammaadaptin and CHC were identified on tubulovesicles of gastric oxyntic cells with the antigammaadaptin monoclonal antibody mab and an anticlathrin heavy chain mab mab respectively in western blots crude gastric microsomes from rb and rat and density gradientpurified hkatpaserich microsomes from these same species were immunoreactive for gammaadaptin and clathrin in immunofluorescent labeling of isolated rb gastric PG antigammaadaptin and anticlathrin heavy chain immunoreactivity appeared to be concentrated in oxyntic cells in primary cultures of rabbit oxyntic cells the immunocytochemical distribution of gammaadaptin immunoreactivity was similar to that of the tubulovesicular membrane marker in oxyntic cells the hkatpase further PSA characterization of the tubulovesicular gammaadaptincontaining complex suggested that it has a subunit composition that is typical of that for a clathrin adaptor in addition to the gammaadaptin S1 it contains a betaadaptin S1 and other subunits of apparent molecular masses of kda and kda from solubilized gastric microsomes from rabbit gammaadaptin could be copurified with the major cargo protein of tubulovesicles the hkatpase thus this tubulovesicular coat may bind directly to the hkatpase and may thereby mediate the regulated trafficking of the hkatpase at the apical membrane of the oxyntic cell during the gastric acid secretory cycle given the similarities of the regulated trafficking of the hkatpase with recycling of cargo through the apical recycling endosome of many epithelial cells we propose that tubulovesicular clathrin and adaptors may regulate some part of an apical recycling pathway in other epithelial cells | MEDAL |
the absorption spectrum of cho radicals and chi molecules has been measured in the range cm cho radicals have been generated by nm laser photolysis of chi in the presence of o and the relative absorption has been measured by timeresolved continuouswave cavity ringdown spectroscopy cwcrds calibration of the relative absorption spectrum has been carried out on three distinct wavelengths by carefully measuring cho decays under different experimental conditions and extracting the initial radical concentration and with this the absolute absorption cross sections by using the wellknown rate constant for the cho selfreaction the following pressureindependent absorption cross sections were determined à à and à cm at and cm these values are times higher than previous determinations pushkarsky m b zalyubovsky s j miller t a j chem phys and atkinson d b spillman j l j phys chem a the absorption spectrum of the SD F0 chi has also been determined and three characteristic sharp absorption lines with absorption cross sections up to à cm have been observed in this wavelength range | MEDAL |
the narrow passage within the petiole between thorax and abdomen is anatomically constructed so that countercurrent exchange should retain heat in the thorax despite blood flow to and from the cool abdomen however the countercurrent heat exchanger can be physiologically circumvented exogenously heated bumblebees prevented overheating of the thorax by shunting heat into the abdomen they also regurgitated fluid which helped to reduce head temperature but had little effect on thoracic temperature temperature increases in the ventrum of the abdomen occurred in steps exactly coinciding with the beats of the ventral diaphragm and with the ABD ventilatory pumping movements when these were present the ability to prevent overheating of the thorax by transport of heat to the abdomen was abolished when the HR was made inoprative at low thoracic temperatures the VP diaphragm beat at a wide range or rates and with varying interbeat intervals while the heart beat at a high frequency relative to the ventral diaphragm but at a very low amplitude however when thoracic temperature exceeded degrees c the amplitudes of both were high and the interbeat intervals as well as the beating frequencies of the two pulsatile organs became identical in any one bee furthermore heated bees engaged in vigorous abdominal pumping at the same frequency as that of their heart and VP diaphragm pulsations the results indicate that the anatomical countercurrent heat exchanger is reduced or eliminated during heat stress by chopping the blood flow into pulses and the blood pulses are shunted through the petiole alternately by way of a switch mechanism | MEDAL |
the common marmoset serves as a primate model for many human diseases hypogonadal and particularly aged men develop osteopenia or osteoporosis whether marmosets develop OP after orchidectomy is not known this was tested in seven young and two older adult male ORX animals using quantitative computer tomography which allowed quantification of total surface and density of the SC and of the cancellous structures of the metaphysis of the tibia and of the fifth or sixth lumbal vertebra ll before or after ORX orx and and months later surrogate parameters of whole skeletal bone metabolism osteocalcin oc and cterminal breakdown products telopeptides of collagenalpha crosslaps were also measured male marmosets lost between and of their initial cancellous density in the metaphysis of the tibia and this was statistically significant months T3 castration no loss of cancellous density was observed in ll of young marmosets and oc and the crosslaps in the SS were decreased at this time point while a reduction was observed in bone mineral density of ll in two aged animals it is concluded that castration of young male marmoset for year results in a significant loss of bone mineral density in the metaphysis of the tibia resulting in osteopenia but not in the vertebra the results indicate that male orx marmosets become osteopenic within months T3 castration and may be a more humanlike experimental model for bone research | MEDAL |
the aim of the current study was to determine if the effects of muscarinic stimulation on left VVI function and metabolism are greater during betaadrenergic activation whether a cyclic gmpmediated mechanism is responsible and if this is altered by left ventricular hypertrophy lvh induced by aortic valve stenosis acetylcholine ach microgramskgmin andor isoproterenol iso microgramskgmin was infused into a CB of the LAD lad artery in control and lvh openchest anesthetized dogs lvh increased heart weight hearttobody weight ratio and systolic left ventricular pressure lvh reduced muscarinic receptor density fmolmg protein control lvh but not affinity CT ach had no effect on regional force work or metabolism iso increased peak force g control baseline iso lvh baseline iso regional work g mmmin control baseline iso lvh baseline iso and o consumption ml omin g control baseline iso lvh baseline iso during iso ach reduced segment shortening control iso isoach lvh iso isoach and PF control isoach lvh isoach ach also reduced work control isoach lvh isoach and o consumption control isoach lvh isoach in the presence of iso cyclic gmp was higher in the lvh animals during all treatments and was elevated from baseline by ach in both groups neither iso nor isoach had a significant effect on cyclic gmp thus the negative functional and metabolic effects of muscarinic stimulation are enhanced during betaadrenergic activation this does not however appear to be dependent on a cyclic gmpmediated mechanism despite reduced number of M2 this response was not altered by pressureinduced CH | MEDAL |
in vivo studies have shown that in the absence of homoserineotransacetylase activity locus met the ccarbon moiety of CDE is utilized provided the ethionine resistance gene ethr is present by Met auxotrophs except for met mutants homocysteine synthetasedeficient concomitant utilization of sulfur and methyl group from methylmercaptan or smethylcysteine has been demonstrated in the absence of added methylated intermediates the methyl group of methionine formed from ethionine is derived from serine in vitro studies with crude extracts of saccharomyces cerevisiae have demonstrated that this synthesis of methionine occurs by the following reactions chsh ethionine RA harpoon over left harpoon methionine chsh and smethylcysteine ethionine right harpoon over left harpoon Met sethylcysteine in the forward direction the second product of the second reaction was shown to be sethylcysteine this reaction has also been found reversible leading to ethionine formation genetic and kinetic data have shown that homocysteine synthetase catalyzes these two reactions at of the rate it catalyzes direct homocysteine synthesis oachomoserine nas homocysteine acetate the three reactions are lost together in a met mutant and are recovered to the same extent in spontaneous prototrophic revertants from this strain methioninemediated regulation of enzyme synthesis affects the three MICs and is modified to the same extent by the presence of the recessive allele ethr of the RII gene eth affinities of the enzyme for substrates of both types of reactions are of the same order of magnitude moreover ethionine the ATP of the second reaction inhibits the third reaction whereas oacetylhomoserine the ATP of the third reaction inhibits the second reaction an enzymatic cleavage of smethylcysteine leading to methylmercaptan production has been shown to occur in crude yeast extracts it is concluded that the enzyme homocysteine synthetase participates in the two alternate pathways leading to Met biosynthesis in s cerevisiae one involving oacetylhomoserine and HS the other involving the carbon chain of ethionine and a mercaptyl donor participation of the two types of reactions catalyzed by homocysteine synthetase in in vivo Met synthesis has been shown to occur in a met partial revertant | MEDAL |
cardiovascular magnetic resonance cmr imaging is a tomographic technique which allows threedimensional slice orientation without limitations from acoustic windows inherent to echocardiography further advantages of cmr are its high temporal and spatial resolution its excellent soft tissue resolution and its high bloodtotissue contrast CMR is currently the only imaging technique which provides a comprehensive T0 of both structure and function of the heart as well as myocardial perfusion and viability moreover postprocessing of cmr images does not require any geometric assumptions as in echocardiography to determine VVI dimensions this is particularly important when evaluating ventricles of patients with chronic heart failure with severely altered morphology that may have regional variations in wall thickness and contractility at least in ICM cardiomyopathy the highly reproducible results of cmr imaging have turned this technique into a reference standard for the noninvasive assessment of ventricular dimensions mass and function in cases with ind results of clinical electrocardiographic and particularly echocardiographic findings cmr should be used early in the process of diagnosis of patients with HF not only can altered structure and degree of ventricular and valvular dysfunctions be accurately assessed but also regional perfusion deficits andor myocardial scars are easily detected for therapeutic and prognostic reasons a simple differentiation between ICM and nonischemic cardiomyopathy should be achieved as the first diagnostic step in addition the type and localization of the late gadolinium enhancement lge phenomenon may aid in noninvasively differentiating the etiology of nonischemic cardiomyopathy cmr may also improve the assessment and extent of interventricular and intraventricular dyssynchrony in patients to be selected for cardiac resynchronization therapy crt lastly the lge phenomenon may provide independent prognostic information in patients with a crt system implanted as well as in patients with ICM and nonischemic cardiomyopathy thus cmr imaging should be implemented early in the diagnostic process of patients with HF to significantly improve the speed and accuracy of diagnostic procedures to control the effect of therapeutic measures and to select patients with a limited prognosis by assessing the degree of VVI dysfunction and the extent of myocardial scarring | MEDAL |
to assess the mechanism for the cytotoxicity of human polymorphonuclear neutrophils pmn to HUVE cells huvec induced by the and lipoxygenase product of arachidonate lipoxin a lxa and the PDBu phorbol myristate acetate pma | MEDAL |
the purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the relationship between ct scan lesion localization and good or poor response to melodic ials of min with one exception gallops were sustained at maximal speed over m muscle biopsy samples of the middle gluteal and brachiocephalicus were taken before during and T3 exercise and assayed for atp and intermediary metabolites the results showed a L1 involvement of the brachiocephalicus in addition to the middle gluteal during galloping in three horses who were clearly fatigued muscle atp decreased by up to by the end of g this was matched by an equal rise in inosine monophosphate pronounced accumulations of glycerol phosphate glycerol and lactate up to mmol x kg dry muscle occurred with exercise in the fourth horse which was less fatigued a decrease in atp and increases in intermediary metabolites were much less postexercise there was little or no REC in muscle atp or lactate during min the decreases in atp are consistent with a high activity of adenosine monophosphate deaminase in horse muscle and indicative also of the high level of anaerobic AS of the exercise program there was evidence to suggest that the increase in muscle glycerol resulted from hydrolysis of glycerol phosphate and not from the utilization of triglyceride | MEDAL |
american indians and alaska natives have the nations highest morbidity and mortality owing to alcohol but also have opportunities to employ policies that could reduce the harmful effects of drinking as sovereign nations federally recognized tribes can adopt policies that are highly likely to have a beneficial impact on alcohol problems the most recently published nationwide research on american indian alcohol policies conducted some years ago suggested that tribal policies may help minimize adverse consequences related to drinking however much has changed in indian country during the last few decades including redefinitions of relationships among tribes states and the federal government recognition of tribes not previously acknowledged by federal authorities and the advent of gaming and casinos these developments raise numerous questions regarding the adoption and implementation of policies pertaining to alcohol | MEDAL |
in living donor CL transplantation ldlt an adequate hepatic VO constitutes one of the basic principles of a technically successful procedure the issue of whether the anterior sector as of the RA lobe rl graft should or should not be routinely drained has been controversial the aim of this year singlecenter retrospective cohort study was to review the evolution of our hepatic VO reconstruction technique in rl grafts and evaluate the impact of routine as drainage strategy on the outcome the study group consisted of primary rl ldlt performed between july and december the cases were divided into consecutive periods with different as venous outflow reconstruction techniques which included middle hepatic vein mhv drainage in era n a more selective as drainage with cryopreserved rat grafts in era n and routine segment andor oriented as drainage with synthetic grafts in era n intraoperative portal flow measurement with routine SA ligation sal technique in rl grafts with a portal flow of ⥠mlmin g liver tissue was added later in era these groups were compared in terms of recipient and donor demographics surgical characteristics and ST outcome the rate of as A-V drainage varied from in era and in era to in era p perioperative mortality rate of recipients significantly decreased over the years in era and in era vs in era p after the addition of sal technique in the cases there was only graft loss and no perioperative mortality oneyear recipient survival rate was also significantly higher in era in era and in era vs in era p routine as drainage via segment andor veins using synthetic grafts is a technique to fit all rl grafts in ldlt addition of sal effectively prevents early graft dysfunction and significantly improves the outcome | MEDAL |
in the experiments we examined the ability of a RV phamasv to encode two potential chemoprotective genes on separate transcription units we previously described the phamsv vector which includes the human mdr gene as a selectable marker and chemoprotective gene plus an internal sv promoter for expressing a second rat gene along with mdr m e metz d m best and s e kane virology to test the ability of this vector to deliver two therapeutic genes simultaneously the cdna for human glutathione stransferase pi gst pi the most abundant member of the glutathione stransferase family in human RT cells was inserted into phamasv and this plasmid was transfected into ecotropic packaging cells the resulting phamasvgst pi ecotropic retrovirus which was produced at a titer of x colonyforming unitsml was used to transduce nih TA T3 initial selection in ngml colchicine a population of transduced cells was exposed to stepwise increasing colchicine concentrations to select for amplified expression of mdr as mdr expression increased the expression of gst pi increased in concert as demonstrated by RNA analysis western analysis and measurement of glutathione stransferase activity transduced cells growing in ngml colchicine had about fold higher total glutathione stransferase activity than nontransduced cells and fold higher activity than transduced cells growing in ngml colchicine RNA hybridizations demonstrated a fold increase in both the FL retroviral message encoding mdr and the subgenomic mrna encoding gst pi after amplification of resistance from to ngml colchicine the cytotoxic effects of several xenobiotics were evaluated in nih t cells transfected with mdr tmdr or transduced with the mdrgst pi HTLV tgst or tgst to evaluate the ability of our vector to produce a spectrum of drug resistances specific for the genes expressed tmdr and tgst cells expressing equivalent C2 of mdr had identical levels of resistance to doxorubicin or colchicine these results suggest that gst pi expression did not contribute to doxorubicin resistance in this MM system however tgst cells were about fold resistant to ethacrynic acid and chlorodinitrobenzene compared to cells expressing mdr alone consistent with the ability of gst pi to conjugate both of these cytotoxins increases in DR paralleled increases in genespecific mrna and recombinant protein C2 in all cases chemotherapy | MEDAL |
four hundred and fortynine syphilis sera positive in vdrl and ftaabs tests were studied for the presence of circulating immune complexes cic by means of antiantibody aa neutralization test ninetythree sera had demonstrable cic subsequently dispersion of cic by saline suspension of cardiolipin and by extract of rb testicular syphiloma was examined of ciccontaining sera tested with cardiolipin dispersion of cic was noted in instances of ciccontaining sera examined with syphiloma extract dispersion was noted in cases significantly cic that showed definite dispersion by CL were not dispersed by syphiloma extract and vice versa some studies were also performed on lepromatous leprosy and sle none of ciccontaining LL leprosy sera were affected by CL but in of ciccontaining sle sera CL dispersed the complexes cardiolipinanticardiolipin complexes that neutralized aa were frequently observed when cardiolipin was added to sera containing its corresponding antibodies but not cic similar reactions were noted between the syphiloma extract and antitreponemal antibodies | MEDAL |
an easytooperate method of using rÏtransaminase has been developed by fusing it to an elastinlike polypeptide and forming a complex with damino acid oxidase | MEDAL |
to assess the effect of epinephrinecontaining LAs on vasoconstriction we immunohistochemically measured the intravascular lumen area in different regions of the mandible twelve male WR were used GA was induced and maintained with sevoflurane infiltration anesthesia was performed with ml of epinephrinefree lidocaine e near the left mandibular first molar and with ml of epinephrinecontaining lidocaine e near the right mandibular first molar after decalcification the specimens were paraffinized and thin sections were prepared and immunohistologically stained with an antismooth SMA antibody the intravascular lumen area was measured in the mucosa periodontal membrane haversianvolkmanns canal and bone marrow a mannwhitney u test was used for statistical processing and p was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference in the oral mucosa and the periodontal membrane e had a significantly smaller V1 LA than e in the haversianvolkmanns canal and the bone marrow no significant intergroup difference was observed in the intravascular lumen area we postulate that this is due to a low smooth muscle content of blood vessels in the mandible and suggest that the vasoconstrictive effect of epinephrinecontaining local anesthetics within the mandible is ineffective | MEDAL |
cuii znii and rei complexes have been synthesized with the SB noxohchromenylethylidenehydrazinecarbodithioic acid benzyl ester sbcmh which was prepared by condensation of sbenzyldithiocarbazate and acetylcoumarin the metal complexes were characterized on the basis of various physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques including elemental analysis and EC studies and ftir uvvis nmr epr and mass spectroscopy the SB was found to behave as a bidentate ligand coordinating with cuii and znii in the thiolate form with metal to ligand stoichiometry crystals suitable for xray diffractometry xrd were obtained from the reaction of reclco with sbcmh forming a centrosymmetric dimeric complex relco linked by resre bridges where s is the thiolate sulfur of the nsbidentate ligand this rei complex is the first metal carbonyl complex with a bidentate dithiocarbazate ligand to have been characterized by xrd cytotoxicity assays revealed enhancement of the bioactivity of sbcmh upon complexation both cuii and rei complexes are found to be AS against human breast adenocarcinoma CA cell lines mdamb and mcf toc diagram | MEDAL |
immunotoxins were constructed by attaching native ricin a chain ricin a chain and recombinant ricin a chain to the mouse monoclonal igga antibody fib by means of a disulphide linkage using the heterobifunctional crosslinker spdp the fib immunotoxins were of similar composition and exerted identical cytotoxic effects against the ej human bladder carcinoma cell line in tissue SC all immunotoxins broke down to the same extent upon incubation with glutathione in vitro the clearance of the immunotoxins from the circulation of normal wistar rats was determined following iv administration the concentration of IN immunotoxin in SS samples taken at various intervals up to hr after injection was measured by a ricin a chainspecific elisa the fib immunotoxin made with native ricin a chain was removed from the circulation most rapidly fibrecombinant ricin a chain persisted in the circulation at a higher level than fibricin a chain a higher proportion of the ricin a chain immunotoxin was lost from the bloodstream during the alphaphase the betaphase halflives of fibrecombinant ricin a chain and fibricin a chain were similar consistent with the identical susceptibility of the immunotoxins to cleavage by glutathione the presence of the complextype oligosaccharide sidechain on the a chain may have accelerated the clearance of the a chain immunotoxin in relation to that of the immunotoxin made with the aglycosyl recombinant a chain | MEDAL |
membrane fragments from high potassium hk and low potassium lk sheep red cells were separated by density gradient centrifugation three preparations were studied hk CM sonicated for minutes hk CM sonicated for T2 and lk CM sonicated for T2 the adenosine triphosphatase atpase activity in the maximally disrupted preparation was not sensitive to na k and was recovered in relatively small but heavy SG fragments which made up no more than per cent of the total membrane both na ksensitive s and na kinsensitive i atpase activity were found in the more gently broken up S9 and but the ratio of s to iatpase was much greater in hk than in lk membrane fragments satpase activity in preparation was about per cent that observed in hk membranes prior to sonication satpase activity was recovered from the density gradient in relatively C1 but light TPS gravity fragments as was the case with the maximally disrupted preparation iatpase activity in both S9 and was recovered in small but heavy SG fragments the possibility that sensitivity of sheep red cell membrane atpase to na k depends on the association between units containing the enzymes and C1 light phospholipidcontaining components is discussed | MEDAL |
the term ACD refers to complex V1 CA which have recently been identified in some infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension we report four cases admitted to our institution for severe pulmonary hypertension unresponsive to maximal CR support including highfrequency ventilation inhaled nitric oxide and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation the four infants died of refractory hypoxaemia the diagnosis of AM capillary dysplasia was established by necropsy we have used these cases as an opportunity for a thorough review of the literature containing comments regarding aetiology pathophysiology clinical presentation associated malformations and treatment trials | MEDAL |
in switzerland nonmedical righttodie organisations offer instruction and personal guidance in committing suicide to members suffering from incurable diseases suicide is usually committed with a lethal dose of barbiturates prescribed by a physician this T0 is a retrospective analysis of all case files of assisted suicide kept during the period by exit deutsche schweiz the largest swiss righttodie organisation | MEDAL |
urinary free cortisol and progesterone were determined by radioimmunoassay in normal and anencephalic pregnancies and urinary free cortisol C2 in nonpregnant women in NP the UFC mug per hours was significantly higher p less than than that found with anencephaly mug per hours and times p less than the nonpregnant value mug per hours in of the anencephalic pregnancies urinary free cortisol C2 mug per hours were significantly lower than in nonpregnant women p less than urinary progesterone levels in normal pregnancy mug per hours and anencephaly mug per hours were comparable the cortisol excretion values associated with anencephaly indicate that the normal fetus contributes substantially to the maternal plasma cortisol pool UFC determinations may be a useful index of fetal adrenal dysfunction | MEDAL |
zdimethylphenyldioxancisylheptenoic acid was found to be a specific competitive thromboxane a receptor antagonist that acts at PLT vascular and pulmonary receptors no antagonism was detected at receptors for prostacyclin srsa norepinephrine and serotonin the synthesis of a series of analogues is described activity at the thromboxane receptor was observed in cissubstituted EDC but not in their trans counterparts compound inhibited the bronchoconstriction induced by a SD U46619 in the anesthetized guinea pig | MEDAL |
these experiments examined the effects on SM in two tasks inhibitory avoidance and watermaze spatial learning of intraamygdala injections of drugs affecting NE and opiate receptors SD rats g days old on arrival were given either a single training trial in an inhibitory avoidance task or eight trials in a watermaze task in which they were trained to swim to a platform submerged cm below the water surface and located in a constant position intraamygdala i.v. of betaendorphin or ng clenbuterol or ng or propranolol microgram were given CT or concurrently betaendorphin ng clenbuterol or ng or betaendorphin ng propranolol microgram the i.v. microliter were administered immediately after inhibitory avoidance training and min before watermaze training IA PR was tested h after training and watermaze PR was tested h after training in both tasks CB att the retention impairing effect of betaendorphin also in both tasks low doses of betaendorphin ng and propranolol microgram which did not affect retention when po CT impaired retention when po concurrently these results are consistent with extensive previous evidence suggesting that opioid and noradrenergic systems interact in modulating SM storage and provide additional support for the view that the interaction is due to opioid inhibition of noradrenergic activation within the amygdala | MEDAL |
this study investigated whether situational and dispositional optimism were protective against dimensions of distress and aspects of healthrelated quality of life hqol in patients with ovarian CA undergoing chemotherapy this T0 also evaluated whether optimism predicted a decrease in cancer antigen ca C2 during treatment | MEDAL |
daily changes in the thickness and texture of the endometrium were assessed by ultrasonography in natural ovulatory cycles the endometrium in the FP became thicker every day until ovulation mm mean sd on day mm on day day ovulation but the thickness did not change during the luteal phase there was a significant rho between the thickness of the endometrium and the SS estradiol concentration in the FP r n p less than but the change in the thickness of the endometrium varied with the individual the texture of the endometrium changed in the MC the hyperechoic area of the endometrium spread from the basal layer to the lumen during the earlymid luteal phase the ratio of the thickness of the hyperechoic area to the total thickness of the endometrium hyperechoic endometrial area ratio hea ratio increased from on day to on day there was a significant correlation between the hea ratio and the serum progesterone concentration in the period from day to day r n p less than | MEDAL |
we reported previously that cd t cells and b cells in mice with retrovirusinduced mu AIDS syndrome maids caused by lpbm mu one virus mulv mixtures increased the expression of fas antigen fas during progression of the disease however the contribution of the fasfas ligand fas l system to the pathogenesis of maids remained unknown here we examined the susceptibility of B6 b lprlpr mice which has been reported to be defective for the expression of fas to maids we found that the thy cdt cells and ig kappa dull B1 which are characteristic of maids increased after the inoculation of lpbm mulv in b lprlpr mice b tcr alpha beta t cells unique to lupus prone mice also increased in the b lprlpr mice T3 infection cd b tcr alpha beta t cellce of the genes and their flanking regions were identical to the b subtilis cell shape determinant genes mrec and mred j bacteriol j bacteriol the mrec and mred genes in b subtilis stimulate secretion of a neutral protease kda and the protease activity in the culture medium reached u per ml approximately times higher than the host CS T3 h of cultivation in l BB suggesting the mrecd genes regulate protease expression and the protease is related to the cell shape determination in bacilli the protease productions in b subtilis carrying mrec or mred deletion plasmids were not elevated so the kda protease stimulation requires both mrec and mred genes the extracellular protease was purified and the molecular mass of the enzyme was da by sdspolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and gel filtration the optimum ph and temperature for the CEA were and degrees c respectively and the enzyme was stable at ph the enzyme was inactivated by edta but not by phenylmethyl sulfonyl fluoride and diisopropyl fluorophosphate | MEDAL |
localization of hcg binding CS and the process of endocytosis in PSP rat ovaries were investigated by indirect electronmicroscopic immunocytochemistry immature female rats were treated with pregnantmare SS gonadotropin pmsg and human chorionic gonadotropin hcg to induce ovarian luteinization eight days after priming with pmsghcg and h before sacrifice the animals were given another i.t. of hcg to bind the receptors receptor sites to hcg localized by RP were present in most luteal cells but not in primary follicular cells the receptor CS were distributed on luteal cell surfaces facing interstitial spaces endocytotic pits containing hcg IB CS were rarely seen h after hcg injection at h hcg and presumably its receptor were taken up within endocytotic vesicles with the evidence of reaction product coated on the vesicle wall with time fusion of endocytotic vesicles with lysosome occurred and the RP appeared in phagolysosomes the reaction product was localized on phagolysosomal inner surface or in free granular form these findings suggest that hcg and its receptors were internalized through endocytotic pits and endocytotic LDV and delivered to lysosomes probably for degradation an additional experiment for localization of acid phosphatase was also performed to delineate the lysosomes and phagolysosomes | MEDAL |
cerebellar output changes during motor learning how these changes cause alterations of motoneuron activity and movement remains an unresolved question for voluntary movements to answer this question we examined premotor neurons for saccadic eye movement previous studies indicate that cells in the FOR for within the CN on one side exhibit a gradual increase in their saccaderelated discharge as the amplitude of ipsiversive saccades adaptively decreases this change in for activity could cause the adaptive change in saccade amplitude because SN in the for project directly to the BS region containing premotor BNs bns to test this possibility we recorded the activity of saccaderelated BNs in the area that houses premotor GABA burst neurons ibns and examined their discharge during amplitudereducing adaptation elicited by intrasaccadic target steps we specifically analyzed their activity for offdirection contraversive saccades in which the ibn activity would increase to reduce saccade size before adaptation of bns examined discharged at least occasionally for contraversive saccades as the amplitude of contraversive saccades decreased adaptively half of bns with offdirection spike activity showed an increase in the number of spikes or an earlier occurrence of spikes bns that were silent during offdirection saccades before adaptation remained silent after adaptation these results indicate that the changes in the offdirection activity of bns are closely related to adaptive changes in saccade size and are appropriate to cause these changes | MEDAL |
protein kinase c was purified fold from rabbit pancreas with a total yield of by a procedure involving AS fractionation diethyl aminoethyl ion exchange chromatography hydroxylapatite chromatography and finally protamineagarose affinity chromatography after these purification steps the protein kinase c preparation contained two major protein bands as judged by AgNOR after sdspolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and kda bands monoclonal antibodies directed against bovine BB protein kinase c alpha and betasubtype recognized only the kda band on the other hand both the and kda proteins were recognized by a polyclonal monospecific antibody directed against rat brain protein kinase c analysis of rb pancreas protein kinase c subtypes by means of hydroxylapatite chromatography showed the presence of the iii alpha subtype as the L1 subtype the enzyme depended absolutely on the presence of both phosphatidylserine and ca for its activity with apparent ka values of microgramsml and microm for phosphatidylserine and ca respectively when dioctanoylglycerol or the PDBu otetradecanoylphorbol acetate tpa was present the ka value for ca decreased to and microm respectively in the presence of the PDBu pancreatic protein kinase c could be G1 without added ca the enzyme also required mg for its activity the ka value was mm and maximal activity was reached at mm mg pancreatic protein kinase c activity showed a broad ph dependence with optimal activity at ph the km value for atp and for histoneh was microm and microgramsml respectively the present study shows that the kinetic properties of protein kinase c purified from rb pancreas closely resemble those found in other tissues | MEDAL |
among a vast array of biomaterials investigated for TE applications bacterial cellulose bc has not been evaluated in depth despite the materials strong potential of applicability in the field of biotechnology in this study we investigate the effect of sugar concentration and culture duration on PCS and mechanical properties of bc bc was grown in SC media with different glucose concentrations weight percent of and also in media with fructose concentration of the swelling ratio of harvested bc sheets did not NC significantly with concentration of gl or the type of sugar fructose vs glucose swelling ratio did not change significantly with SC duration either cellulose production rate was significantly higher p at wt gl concentration compared to other groups ultimate tensile strength ± mpa and youngs modulus ± gpa of bc sheets harvested from the medium with wt glucose concentration were the highest among all treatment groups bacterial removal process and testing condition wetdry did not affect the mechanical performance of the BC significantly xray diffraction data demonstrated higher crystallinity for samples cultured in media with wt gl concentration viabilitycytotoxicity proliferation and cells metabolic MICs demonstrated bc to be biocompatible cells attached spread and proliferated with time on BC results of this study showed wt gl concentration is the optimum concentration of sugar in media to produce bc with highest strength and modulus compared to other concentration high mechanical strength along with biocompatibility present BC as an invaluable material for use in TE of load bearing connective tissues such as tendons and ligaments | MEDAL |
noninvasive ventilation niv includes various techniques for augmenting alveolar ventilation without an endotracheal airway the theoretical advantages of this approach include avoiding the complications associated with endotracheal intubation improving patient comfort preserving airway defence mechanisms speech and swallowing the successful application of niv in hypoxaemic ARDS arf of varied etiologies has been extensively described but success rate is strictly dependent on arf etiology and until today the application of niv strategies in the setting of hypoxaemic arf is controversial larger controlled studies are required to clarify the role of niv in the setting of hypoxaemic arf the correct choice of the patient ventilator interface is a crucial issue in noninvasive ventilation the study of new interfaces could improve tolerability reducing the noninvasive ventilation failure rate | MEDAL |
while efforts are underway to phase out the use of leaded petrol in south africa relatively little attention has been devoted to the potential for childhood SE to lead used in paint this is one of the first studies undertaken on the african continent to report on the presence of leadbased paint in south africa there is a dearth of information available on the extent of past and current use of leadbased paint recent studies demonstrate that large numbers of young SA children continue to be at risk of elevated blood lead concentrations to investigate the prevalence of leadbased paint in johannesburg dwellings the SA medical research council recently undertook a preliminary T0 in which samples of residential paint were collected from homes in randomly selected suburbs across the city the results indicate that of all of the samples collected were leadbased paint paint that contains lead C2 equal to or greater than by weight the percentage of lead by weight in the samples ranged from to leadbased residential paint was found in of the sampled homes located in both new and old suburbs and in suburbs from a variety of different SES backgrounds these results in conjunction with those emanating from other studies of childhood lead SE currently being conducted by the MRC indicate that weathering peeling or chipping leadbased paint may play an important role in childhood lead SE in south africa children who have a pica tendency may be at particular risk | MEDAL |
the neuroleptic malignant syndrome nms is an uncommon disorder characterised by muscular stiffness and hyperthermia it is caused by the administration of neuroleptics or by the acute withdrawal of levodopa therapy in idiopathic parkinsons disease an MZ syndrome may be seen rarely in UT catatonic schizophrenia shock respiratory failure and myoglobinuria occur sometimes with serious consequences treatment should include active cooling measures and the administration of dopamine agonists dantrolene may also be of benefit in severe cases | MEDAL |
an ischemic foot can be developed by acute arterial occlusion given proper treatment within critical time the patient can avoid foot amputation and death early proper diagnosis and treatment by family physician at the initial clinical interviewing is important in saving the affected leg and the life thrombosis and embolism are the common causes of acute arterial occlusion thrombosis mostly arises from underlying cardiac disease such as arrhythmia PD disease and VHD while AO by embolism can be shown on a narrowed i.a. related with SVR atherosclerosis because the treatment options depend on the underlying cause of the acute ischemic foot it is important to identify the cause of acute ischemic foot at this paper we reported a case that the cause of acute ICM foot of the patient proved paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after some diagnostic tests | MEDAL |
the CSD of cysteine oxidase co and cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase csd was examined in regions of the rat CE nervous system cns the distribution of co activity expressed as μmol of cysteine sulfinate formed per h per g was the following hypothalamus superior and inferior colliculi μmolhg olfactory bulbs CBF cortex striatum and hippocampus μmolhg cerebellum μmolhg ponsmedula and spinal cord and μmolhg respectively the distribution of csd activity expressed as μmol of cysteine sulfinate decarboxylated per h per g was the following hypothalamus and colliculi μmolhg OBs CBF cortex striatum hippocampus and cerebellum μmolhg ponsmedulla and spinal cord μmolhg no csd activity was detected in sciatic nerve the subcellular CSD of co and csd activities was studied in hypothalamus colliculi and cerebral SC co activity was localized in synaptosomes mitochondria and microsomes csd was primarily confined to the crude mitochondrial fraction and T3 subfraction recovered mainly in the synaptosomal fraction | MEDAL |
C1 collections of proteinencoding open reading frames orfs established in a versatile recombinationbased cloning system have been instrumental to study protein functions in highthroughput assays such orfeome resources have been developed for several organisms but in virology plasmid collections covering a significant fraction of the virosphere are still needed in this perspective we present viralorfeome httpwwwviralorfeomecom an openaccess DB and management system that provides an integrated set of bioinformatic tools to clone viral orfs in the gatewayr system viralorfeome provides a convenient interface to navigate through virus genome sequences to design orfspecific cloning primers to validate the CS of generated constructs and to browse established collections of virus orfs most importantly viralorfeome has been designed to manage all possible SCV or mutants of a given orf so that the cloning procedure can be applied to any emerging virus strain a subset of plasmid constructs generated with viralorfeome platform has been he uahf algorithm was necessary to improve the accuracy when applying it to the transition metal complexes instead of the integer or semiinteger formal charges used in the original formulation more realistic partial charges obtained from the electronic density using the npa procedure are used to generate molecular cavity all other parameters of the MM remain unchanged this simple modification of the uahf MM works markedly better than the original formulation the root mean square error of calculated pkas over a set of molecules including zwitterions and divalent diaquaplatinum cation is equal to in the second step pkas of Pt aminoacid complexes with the total charge ranging from e to e were computed it was found that the pkas of all ionizable groups of both amino acids are highly VL among the complexes studied they range from in complexes containing protonated thiol or carboxyl groups directly bonded to platinum to in monodentate complexes containing a positively charged amino group which is stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonds | MEDAL |
we report a transientstate kinetic analysis relating to the mechanism of glutamate semialdehyde aminotransferase gsat multiplewavelength spectral kinetic data were collected by microstoppedflow spectrophotometry time resolved spectral sketches resulting from reactions with GSA gsa diaminovalerate dava and ALA ala indicated various transient chromophoric intermediates on the basis of the generally accepted mechanism of other aminotransferases and absorbance characteristics of associated intermediates these transient chromophores are likely associated with SB formation ketiminealdimine tautomerization and transimidation etc spectral kinetic changes associated with these putative intermediates were in general concentration dependent various exp evidence including reactions with the gsat lysile mutant suggested rapid equilibrium of isomeric aldimines and geminal diamines with this and related simplifying assumptions a minimal mechanism was derived which provided a means for transientstate spectral kinetic analysis of reactions with gsa dava and ala all of which lead to the formation of the same putative central enzyme complex resulting kinetic constants were internally consistent in general PA with steadystate and equilibrium data km kcat and keq and provided the basis for a reasonable computer simulation of the original data set variance approximately x reequilibration of enzyme intermediates following an apparent pseudoequilibrium indicated thermodynamically driven dissociation of the central aldiminic enzyme complex this is consistent with previous observations and the minimal mechanism used in this kinetic analysis and suggests a plausible regulatory mechanism of gsat | MEDAL |
treatment of bovine pulmonary arterial EC cells in culture with the phase ii enzyme inducer sulforaphane μm h sulftreated increased celllysate nadphquinone oxidoreductase nqo activity by ± mean ± semfold but intactcell nqo activity by only ± fold compared to control cells to evaluate the hypothesis that the threshold for sulforaphaneinduced intactcell nqo activity reflects a limitation in the capacity to supply nadph at a sufficient rate to drive all the induced nqo to its maximum activity total kohextractable pyridine nucleotides were measured in cells treated with duroquinone to stimulate maximal nqo activity nqo activation increased nadp in control and sulftreated cells with the effect more pronounced in the sulftreated cells in which the nadph was also decreased glucosephosphate dehydrogenase gpdh inhibition partially blocked nqo activity in control and sulftreated cells but gpdh overexpression via transient transfection with the human cdna alleviated neither the restriction on intact sulftreated cell nqo activity nor the impact on the nadphnadp ratios intracellular atp levels were not affected by nqo activation in control or sulftreated cells an increased dependence on extracellular gl and a rightward shift in the km for extracellular gl were observed in nqostimulated sulftreated vs control cells the data suggest that glucose transport in the sulftreated cells may be insufficient to support the increased metabolic demand for pentose phosphate pathwaygenerated nadph as an explanation for the nqo threshold | MEDAL |
we describe a new method for V1 image analysis that incorporates a generic physiological principle to estimate vessel connectivity which is a key issue in reconstructing CR V1 trees from image data we follow murrays hypothesis of the minimum work principle to formulate the problem as an optimization problem this principle reflects a global property of any V1 network in contrast to various local geometric properties adopted as constraints previously we demonstrate the effectiveness of our method using a set of microct mouse coronary images it is shown that the performance of our method has a statistically significant improvement over the widely adopted minimum spanning tree methods that rely on local geometric constraints | MEDAL |
a study was carried out of the changes of renal PET value and of urinary electrolytes excretion after rapid intravenous injection of acebutolol in twelve subjects with various glomerular filtration renal PET value was estimated by measuring inuline pah urea and creatinin Cl during a control period of thirty T2 and during the four hours following administration of acebutolol the variations in the excretion of electrolytes chloride sodium potassium calcium and phosphorus were measured during the same periods the following results were obtained in subjects with normal renal functional value administration of acetubolol brings about a R2 which is under pcent of glomerular filtration and pah clearance a pcent average decrease of natriuresis in cases of RI Cl of inuline and pah are unchanged there is a pcent average decrease of natriuresis there is a decrease of urinary SO pcent and of urea clearance pcent | MEDAL |
not all patients with type diabetes develop renal dysfunction identifying those at risk is problematic because even microalbuminuria often used clinically as an indicator of future RD does not always precede worsening renal function we sought to identify clinical risk AF at diagnosis of type diabetes associated with later OD of RD of uk prospective diabetes T0 ukpds participants prospective analyses were undertaken in those without albuminuria n or with normal plasma creatinine n at diagnosis stepwise PH multivariate regression was used to assess association of putative baseline risk AF with subsequent development of albuminuria microalbuminuria or macroalbuminuria or renal impairment cockcroftgault estimated creatinine clearance mlmin or doubling of plasma creatinine over a median of years of followup of patients developed albuminuria and of developed RI of patients with the requisite data for both outcomes developed albuminuria and developed RI of the latter did not have preceding albuminuria OD of albuminuria or renal impairment was independently associated with increased baseline systolic blood pressure urinary Al PCr and indianasian ethnicity additional independent risk factors for albuminuria were male sex increased waist circumference plasma triglycerides ldl cholesterol hbac ac increased WG RCC ever having smoked and previous retinopathy additional independent risk AF for renal impairment were female sex decreased waist circumference age increased insulin sensitivity and previous PSN over a median of years from diagnosis of type diabetes nearly of ukpds patients developed albuminuria and nearly developed renal impairment distinct sets of risk factors are associated with the OD of these two outcomes consistent with the concept that they are not linked inexorably in type diabetes | MEDAL |
ongoing EA was recorded from the BB of the virtually IN semirestrained unanesthetized octopus by semimicroelectrodes thrust through the cartilage into the optic vertical or basal lobe with flexible leadin wires such electrodes were carried by and moved with the head without causing movement artifacts controls suggest that the activity reported comes from the BB it is reversibly flattened by doses of URE that do not embarrass respiration muscle potentials are only troublesome on occasion seen through a wideband filter neuronal spikes are usually small or below noise level under these conditions slow waves hz dominate with a maximum less than hz usually less than hz and no consistent sharp peaks the fall in power above ca hz is usually slower than in the typical vertebrate eeg but the AP spectrum is much more like those of vertebrate brains than of cerebral ganglia of other invertebrates insect crustacean gastropod variance among sample epochs is C1 eg short spells may have relatively much more VLF less than hz or more hashy high frequency greater than hz energy there may be runs of spikes fluctuation in the composition of ongoing activity is graphically shown by writing out in parallel the outputs of several narrow band one octave filters this shows irregular VLF waxing and waning of the amplitude in each band the envelopes were computed and their peak power is around hz or lower the waxing and waning in the several bands is sometimes strongly correlated especially when the env amplitude is C1 and slow optic lobe activity tends usually to be faster with more small spikey hash than in the vertical lobe the described EEG is strikingly episodic it is recorded during seconds or T2 separated by long intervals of nearly electrical silence db lower power the difference larger at frequencies greater than hz AS and quiet periods are usually not correlated with differences in visible SMB under my conditions the animal is usually not moving except for QS ventilation and occasional local writhing of an arm potentials evoked by single flashes of CS sec are conspicuous in the optic but not in the vertical lobe they form a CS of C1 slow waves the first peak may be at about msec others up to at least msecabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
the recent emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors for CA therapy has created much excitement among cancer patients drug and diagnostic developers and HCPs this is due largely to the dramatic and sustained responses among some T3 cancers that were previously refractory to therapy unfortunately these responses are difficult to predict so the goal of the right drug for the RA patient at the right time remains elusive this is in part due to the complexity of the tumor immune microenvironment and its role in drug efficacy the application of biomarkers to pathologic specimens to predict responses to therapy remains one of the key roles for pathologists in precision medicine for the new immune checkpoint inhibitors the emerging class of biomarkers revolves around the immunohistochemical detection of the drug target or its ligand programmed cell death ligand on tumor cells or associated immune cells the diagnostic terrain is already complex because of the involvement of different technology platforms antibody clones scoring systems and indications for their use the application of these biomarkers to cytologic specimens is critical because the current drug indications are for advancedstage cancers that are often sampled by minimally invasive cytologic means rather than surgical resection this review summarizes the current state of biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitors with an emphasis on the opportunities for and threats to cytologic samples cancer cytopathol © american cancer society | MEDAL |
testosterone t could be detected by immunocytochemistry T3 cryoultramicrotomy and t is likely bound on a binding site of a high affinity castration and ADX involve a swift disappearance of t in the gonadotropic cells synthesis of new binding sites was induced by daily t injection in the castrated and surrenalectomized rat from days this synthesis is inhibited by cycloheximide these data suggest that IB CS are proteins the captation of t by the gonadotropic cells was diminished similarly at the diminution of t afterwards t captation was stabilized at a weak level which became SD for several weeks it seems that immunocytochemistry permits the T0 of the variation of t captation by rat pituitary GTH cells | MEDAL |
capsule endoscopy enables inspection of the gastrointestinal tract without discomfort or need for sedation and thus obviates the risks associated with traditional endoscopy this review presents an update on SB capsule endoscopy since its introduction in we will review salient features of the smallbowel CE devices clinical indications possible complications and special situations during the study | MEDAL |
a solidphase microextraction spme method has been developed for the determination of six benzoylureas diflubenzuron triflumuron hexaflumuron teflubenzuron lufenuron and flufenoxuron in NK OJ based on the direct immersion mode of a microm polydimethylsiloxanedivinylbenzene fiber an OJ was obtained from blended homogenized and diluted ecological NK orange juice samples an aliquot of ml of a spiked sample was extracted under optimum spme conditions the determination of benzoylureas was carried out using hplc combined with postcolumn photochemically induced fluorimetry derivatization and fluorescence PCD the limits of quantification obtained in matrix were within the range of to mgkg and these limits are lower than the maximum residue levels established in spanish regulations for all pesticides in this study recoveries in juice samples ranged between and and relative standard deviations between and | MEDAL |
tiotropium and ipratropium bromide are both recognised treatments in the management of people with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd there are new studies which have compared tiotropium with ipratropium bromide making an update necessary | MEDAL |
CLL leukemia cll is a malignancy of mature B1 that depend on host AF in the tissue microenvironment for survival and proliferation in vitro cll cells rapidly undergo apoptosis unless microenvironmental factors are provided that support their survival signaling pathways activated in the microenvironment in vivo include the bcell receptor bcr and nfκb pathways thus cll is a disease addicted to the host and is dependent on pathways that promote normal bcell OD expansion and survival this is particularly true in the case of the bcr signaling cascade smallmolecule inhibitors of kinases that are essential for bcr ST abrogate the stimulating effects of the microenvironment on cll cells the orally administered IMT kinase inhibitors fostamatinib and ibrutinib and the phosphatidylinositol kinase inhibitor gs have induced impressive responses in relapsed and refractory cll patients mostly with moderate SE reductions in lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly are seen within weeks and are frequently accompanied by a transient rise in absolute lymphocyte count that is asymptomatic and probably the result of changes in cll cell trafficking this review discusses the biologic basis for kinase inhibitors as targeted therapy of cll and summarizes the exciting early clinical experience with these agents | MEDAL |
palmar fasciitis and polyarthritis syndrome pfpa is an uncommon syndrome that affects predominantly elderly women and characterized by symmetrical polyarthritis followed by flexioncontracture of the hands it is usually associated with a metastatic malignant neoplasm and therefore implies a poor prognosis we report a case of a year old woman presented with palmar fasciitis and polyarthritis six months before the diagnosis of a metastatic adenocarcinoma of the ovary surgical excision of the RT and adjuvant chemotherapy caused remission of the polyarthritis | MEDAL |
the study is based on an analysis of the results in operative treatment of patients with vasorenal hypertension when a PET single kidney is existing the examinations showed that in the majority of patients function of the kidneys and renin activity in the peripheral blood were normal the operation performed most frequently in this group of patients were the transaortal endarterectomy by means of the turningup technique and the resection of the renal arteries with following reimplantation into the aorta or the endtoend anastomosis the analysis of the early and late results showed that the surgical MI in patients with functional single kidney renders possible not only a normalisation or decrease of the arterial blood pressure but also significantly improves the renal CF | MEDAL |
this article presents a single case study on the feasibility of using a lowcost and portable visionbased system a microsoft kinect sensor to monitor changes in movement patterns before and T3 a total hip replacement surgery the primary subject was a male older adult with total hip replacement who performed two different PET tasks walking and STS the tasks were recorded with a kinect multiple times starting from d before the surgery until wk after the surgery an automated algorithm has been developed to extract the important spatiotemporal characteristics from the video recorded PET tasks walking and sittostand statistical analysis was then performed by tryon c statistic to T0 changes in spatiotemporal characteristics between different stages before and T3 the surgery the statistical analysis indicated significant difference and slight improvement between all measures from the presurgery to each postsurgery date the study confirmed that the kinect sensor and an automated algorithm have the potential to be integrated into a patients home to monitor changes in mobility during the recovery period | MEDAL |
this T0 was undertaken to establish the nature intrinsic or extrinsic of SND in patients presenting with syncope and abnormal response sinus pause greater than to vagal manoeuvres carotid sinus massage andor eyeball compression to this purpose patients males females aged yrs mean underwent an EP T0 in all we measured before and T3 autonomic blockade with propranolol mgkg and atropine sulfate mgkg the following parameters sinus rate corrected SN REC time and sinoatrial conduction time according to the presence or absence of electrocardiographic signs of sinus node dysfunction the patients were divided into three CG group a patients without electrocardiographic signs of SND group b patients with borderline electrocardiographic signs of SND sinus bradycardia between and bpm group c patients with definite electrocardiographic signs of sinus node dysfunction SB less than or equal to beatsmin andor SAN block andor sinus arrest fifteen patients had signs of organic heart disease the main results obtained were at least one electrophysiological test sinus rate QTc SN recovery time or sinoatrial conduction time was abnormal in patients before autonomic blockade and in patients after autonomic blockade two of these patients belonged to group a to group b and to group c six of these patients were suffering from an organic HR disease and were notabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
manganese is an essential nutrient that may play a role in the production of inflammatory biomarkers we examined associations between estimated dietary manganese intake from foodbeverages and supplements with circulating biomarkers of inflammation we further explored whether estimated dietary manganese NI affects dna methylation of selected genes involved in the production of these biomarkers we analyzed repeated measures of estimated dietary manganese intakes and circulating blood inflammatory biomarkers from participants in the normative aging study using mixedeffect linear regression models adjusted for covariates we observed positive linear trends between estimated dietary manganese intakes and three circulating interleukin proteins relative to the lowest quartile of estimated NI concentrations of ilβ were greater ci il greater ci and il greater ci in the highest quartiles of estimated NI estimated dietary manganese intake was additionally associated with changes in dna methylation of inflammatory biomarkerproducing genes higher estimated NI was associated with higher methylation of nfκβ member activator nkap q vs q β ci when stratified by RII function higher manganese NI was associated with higher gene body methylation of nfκβ member activators nkap q vs q β ci and nkapp q vs q β ci while needed at trace amounts for various physiologic functions our results suggest estimated dietary intakes of manganese at levels slightly above nutritional adequacy contribute to inflammatory biomarker production | MEDAL |
acute allograft rejection ar is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality among patients who undergo multivisceral transplantation critical to the assessment of ar is detection of apoptosis in the GE of the gastrointestinal allograft we utilized the tunel stain tdtmediated biotin dutp nickend labeling to test whether this method improved detection of apoptosis compared to standard slide DUE tunel and he stains were performed on PET sections to estimate the number of apoptotic bodies per high power fields as determined by independent pathologists in blinded fashion both methodologies showed similar numbers and distributions of apoptotic foci present among the epithelial cells there was a correlation between the number of apoptosis and the grade of rejection p this is the first use of the tunel stain in gastrointestinal allograft biopsies to our knowledge the similarity in DP and sensitivity of tunel with standard morphology confirms that biopsy assessment with routine he IF allows an accurate appraisal of epithelial cell apoptosis therefore current IF protocols for endoscopically derived mucosal biopsies of gastrointestinal allografts are sufficiently accurate to enumerate the critical feature of epithelial apoptosis as a determinant of the grade of AR | MEDAL |
certain deformities of the hip joint seem to predispose the hip to the development of osteoarthrosis successful surgical correction of these deformities before the ON of osteoarthrosis requires accurate characterization of the anatomic deviations from normal as the first step in planning corrective osteotomy threedimensional computed tomography ct reconstruction in planning reconstructive hip osteotomy has most often been employed in developmental dysplasia of the hip CT with threedimensional reconstruction can characterize the often complex deviations from normal in shape and attitude of acetabulum and FA head in cases with residual HD threedimensional reconstruction also allows simulation of redirectional femoral or pelvic osteotomies to facilitate precise application of newer powerful surgical techniques for reorienting the acetabulum | MEDAL |
in order to assess the therapeutic efficacy of an antiresorptive drug with imparted bone targeting potential using bisphosphonate bp conjugation and an improved pharmacokinetic profile using pegylation we synthesized characterized and evaluated in vivo efficacy of bonetargeting pegylated sCT sct analog sctpegbp sctpegbp was compared with nonpegylated bone targeting sct analog sctbp and unmodified commercially available sct sctpegbp conjugates were characterized by matrixassisted laser desorption ionization timeofflight malditof analysis the effect of pegbp or bp upon sct AA structure was examined by circular dichroism and sctpegbp was evaluated for in vitro bone mineral hydroxyapatite ha IB ability and calcium salts specificity using a binding assay for bone ha and several calcium salts anticalcitonin antibody IB ability of these analogs was determined using enzymelinked immunosorbent CA elisa by reacting bone targeting sct analogs with calcium phosphate coated osteologic® plates and detecting the bound sct using antisct antibody potential cytotoxicity of these compounds was evaluated in monocytic raw cells and sct bioactivity was evaluated using an in vitro intracellular camp stimulation CA in human td BCCs finally in vivo efficacy of each compound was evaluated by determining the plasma levels of calcium T3 sc administration in normal rats and in a rat MM of OP AA to ovariectomy ovx in vivo MCT microct was used to temporally map and quantify alterations in bone volume and bone mineral density bmd in the same animals at and weeks after ovx surgery sixteen week old virgin female rats underwent ovx surgery followed by the daily sc i.t. of iukgday sct or equivalent analogs and compared to four shamoperated PL treated control rats our results showed the chemical coupling of pegbp or bp to sct altered its AA structure without altering its antibody IB ability sct analogs retained strong sct bioactivity were nontoxic to raw cells in SC and elicited a comparable hypocalcemic effect to that of unmodified sct in normal rats compared to marketed unmodified sct sctpegbp showed significantly improved efficacy in terms of preserving bone volume bmd and trabecular microarchitecture in osteoporotic rats at the initial dose tested bisphosphonatemediated targeting of PEG sct to bone represents a new class of targeted antiresorptive compounds that has not previously been attempted | MEDAL |
reactive airways dysfunction syndrome is a chronic asthmalike condition developing T3 an acute irritant SE and chronic inflammation has been seen on endobronchial biopsy reactive upperairways dysfunction syndrome is chronic rhinitis developing in temporal association with a toxic inhalation exposure but the pathophysiology is unknown | MEDAL |
cefuroxime is the first commerciallyavailable secondgeneration cephalosporine to be widely used in therapy it is a semisynthetic cephalosporin obtained from the cephalosporanic acid nucleus of cephalosporin c CAE is the acetoxyethyl ester of cefuroxime the majority of microorganisms associated with respiratory infections are highly sensitive to cefuroxime these include haemophilus influenzae streptococcus pneumoniae streptococcus pyogenes and the other streptococci excluding group d streptococci and moraxella catarrhalis bacteria CS to cefuroxime include the enterobacteria escherichia coli klebsiella pneumoniae proteus mirabilis and salmonella and shigella and straphylococcus aureus methicillinsensitive strains the pharmacokinetic studies show that the maximum plasma concentration of cefuroxime after p.o. of mg and mg of cefuroxime axetil after a meal are respectively and mgl the absolute bioavailability of tablets is extremes after p.o. of mg cefuroxime axetil the protein IB is tissue DWI was studied in the ISF the bronchial mucosa the tonsils and the bronchial secretions CAE is available as capsuleshaped tablets containing or mg an oral suspension dosage form for paediatric purposes is also available as LG in multidose bottles and sachets constitution gives a suspension containing mg or mg cefuroxime as CAE cefuroxime axetil is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible bacteria indications include lower respiratory tract infections eg acute and CB and pneumonia upper RTIs eg ear nose and throat infections such as OM sinusitis tonsillitis and pharyngitis GU tract infections eg pyelonephritis cystitis and urethritis gonorrhoea acute uncomplicated GU and cervicitis and skin and soft tissue infections eg furunculosis pyoderma and impetigo for most infections a dose of mg twice daily is appropriate in some urinary tract infections mg twice daily has been shown to be ERP if pneumonia is suspected or in more severe LRT infection doses of mg bd should be used uncomplicated gonorrhoea has been shown to respond to a single g dose of CAE adverse reactions to cefuroxime have generally beety to resist toxic as in the ascontaminated environments and moreover to convert the species to a less toxic form eg from asiii to asv and also contribute the biogeochemical cycling of as by being involved in speciation of as | MEDAL |
the magnitude of the skin test response in a group of normal volunteers to intradermal candida antigen correlated closely with the level of cytolytic activity stimulated by candida antigen in vitro in the peripheral BL from those same individuals the cytolytic activity stimulated by candida antigen was cell mediated and cold target inhibition studies demonstrated that candida antigenstimulated effector cells were capable of crossspecies ie nonspecific killing analysis of the candida antigeninduced effector cell population for various cell markers did not enable absolute identification of the cell responsible for the killing the findings in this study indicate that the stimulation of cellmediated cytolysis by candida antigen may be related to the delayedtype DTH produced by the same antigen | MEDAL |
the effects of the two enantiomers of the opioid mixed agonistantagonist meptazinol on mean arterial pressure mabp heart rate hr and survival time were investigated in pentobarbitoneanesthetized rats subjected to HS following i.v. of meptazinol mg kg to shocked animals mabp mm hg there was significant and gradual elevation of mabp which at the time the experiment was terminated did not differ significantly from preshock values in addition survival was prolonged by up to days paradoxically similar doses of meptazinol produced further falls in mabp significantly so at min posttreatment likewise the drug produced a slow progressive and significant decline in hr which culminated in premature death mean survival time min compared with a control value of min p less than our results demonstrate that the two enantiomers of meptazinol have opposing effects on hemorrhagic shock sequelae in the rat it is surprising in view of its known opioid antagonistic properties that meptazinol exerted a detrimental effect | MEDAL |
immunohistochemical IF of urothelial tumours using paraffinembedded tissue blocks was performed for p and retinoblastoma rb proteins to characterize any rho with sensitivity to hyperthermia treatment seventeen patients with primary urothelial tumours of the bladder and one of the ureter treated at our institute between july and march were included in this study tissues investigated consisted of transitional cell carcinomas tcc grade g g g g g squamous cell carcinoma scc undifferentiated carcinoma g and scc one case was tis and were t to t respectively and were postcystectomy clinically in terms of response to treatment there were four complete response cr cases four partial response pr cases six no change nc cases and three progressive disease pd cases the total in which treatment was ERP thus accounting for approximately half of those examined cr pr immunohistochemically six of eight prehyperthermia lesions which demonstrated positive IF for rb were crs or prs of which were highgrade lesions and exhibited invasion and CL node metastasis only three in total were positive for p staining two of which were t and these both responded to treatment the results suggested that rb mRNA may be related to heat sensitivity to some degree | MEDAL |
the experiments were carried out on sheep with one pair of Pt electrodes chronically implanted in the reticulum wall the reticulum action potentials were recorded simultaneously from the body surface using the needle electrodes placed subcutaneously and from the implanted electrodes using an electroencephalograph reega xvi duplex tr it was found that the two or threephase deflections on the electroreticulograms obtained from the body surface were exactly correlated with the series of potential spikes on the records from the implanted electrodes the number of phases in each deflection was equal to the number of the series of potential spikes during the reticulum excitation during the reticulum hypotony the decrease in action potentials was observed that is why we were not able to record the electrical activity from the body surface while it was still possible to record electroreticulograms from the implanted electrodes | MEDAL |
posttraumatic AS disorder ptsd is associated with structural and PET alterations in a number of interacting brain regions but the physiological mechanism for the high risk of cerebrovascular disease or impairment in brain CF remains unknown women are more likely to develop ptsd T3 a trauma than men we hypothesized that cerebral blood flow cbf regulation is impaired in women with ptsd and it is associated with impairment in cognitive CF to test our hypothesis we examined dynamic CA ca and cognitive function by using a transfer function analysis between arterial pressure and MCA i.a. blood velocity and the stroop color and word test scwt respectively we did not observe any different responses in these hemodynamic variables between women with ptsd n and healthy counterparts all women n cognitive CF was impaired in women with ptsd specifically reaction time for the neutral task of scwt was longer in women with ptsd compared with healthy counterparts p but this cognitive dysfunction was not affected by orthostatic AS on the other hand transfer function phase gain and coherence were not different between groups in either the supine or HUT ° position or even during the cognitive challenge indicating that dynamic ca was well maintained in women with ptsd in addition there was no relationship between cognitive CF and dynamic ca these findings suggest that ptsdrelated cognitive dysfunction may not be due to compromised cbf regulation new noteworthy cognitive CF was impaired however dynamic CA ca as an index of cerebral blood flow regulation was not impaired during supine and ° headup tilt in women with ptsd compared with healthy females in addition there was no relationship between cognitive function and dynamic ca these findings suggest that the mechanism of ptsdrelated cognitive dysfunction may not be due to cbf regulation | MEDAL |
the pathophysiological mechanisms of primary dystonia have largely remained obscure yet there is one undeniable observation lesioning or highfrequency stimulation of the internal segment of the globus pallidus gp ameliorates dystonic PS the latter observation implicates abnormal pallidal activity in the genesis of primary dystonia recently excessive oscillatory pallidal activity in the hz frequency range synchronized with dystonic emg has been related to the occurrence of involuntary muscle activity in these patients however it is unclear whether this pathological synchronization is driven by gp caused by reafference from dystonic muscle or due to a combination of these two processes here we used the directed TF as a spectral measure to identify the degree and direction of coupling across time between gp and muscle in seven patients with primary dystonia we show that pallidal local field potential activity or hz is coherent with dystonic movements and that although the coupling between gp and activity in the sternocleidomastoid muscle is bidirectional the drive from gp to muscle significantly outweighs that from muscle to gp in addition the net gp drive to muscle is not SD but fluctuates across time in keeping with the dynamic nature of dystonic muscle activity | MEDAL |
magnetic resonance mr imaging is used with increasing frequency to evaluate the neonatal BB because it can provide important diagnostic and prognostic information that is needed for optimal treatment and appropriate counseling special care must be taken in preparing encephalopathic neonates for an mr study transporting them from the intensive care unit monitoring their vital signs and optimizing mr sequences and protocols moreover to accurately interpret the findings specific knowledge is needed about the normal mr imaging appearances of the physiologic processes of myelination cell migration and sulcation as well as patterns of injury in the neonatal BB at various stages of gestational development HI injury the most common cause of neonatal encephalopathy has characteristic appearances that depend on the severity and duration of the insult as well as the stage of brain OD diffusionweighted mr imaging and mr spectroscopy depict abnormalities earlier than do conventional mr imaging sequences however diffusionweighted imaging if performed in the first hours after the insult might lead to underestimation of the extent of injury when the mr findings are atypical the differential diagnosis of neonatal encephalopathy also should include congenital and metabolic disorders and infectious diseases despite recent advances in the mr imagingbased characterization of these conditions the clinical PH must be borne in mind to achieve an accurate diagnosis | MEDAL |
the incorporation in vivo of 14C from cbicarbonate in blood into relevant metabolites in rat brain is described the animals partially hepatectomized and nephrectomized received the tracer bicarbonate via the intravenous route the time course of label was followed in co of blood and BB in the anionic and cationic fractions of BB extract in aspartate glu glutamine and in free glucose and in glycogen from the tracer kinetic data a flux of microgram atom fixed carbon ming brain tissue was calculated substantial amounts of c were found in free gl only a few percent in glycogen the flux of newly synthetized gl was approximated to percent of the steady state level of glucose in brain tissue in special experiments the localization of c in the carbon chain of aspartate and gl was examined min following the tracer i.t. a practically total randomization of c between c and c aspartate was seen from the radioactivity in glucose percent were found in c and c only percent in residual carbon this cpattern is typical for the labelling of gl by co fixation and retrograde embdenmeyerhof pathway | MEDAL |
the orchard bee species osmia cornuta latreille and o rufa linnaeus are both european in CSD osmia cornuta is distributed in the CE and southern half of the continent while o rufa is distributed additionally in more RNA parts of europe including great britain these bees overwinter in cocoons as diapausing adults the freezing temperatures of overwintering adults of o cornuta and o rufa during diapause are similar degrees c to degrees c and degrees c to degrees c respectively however there are differences in the termination of their diapause under natural conditions in the wider area of b/b o rufa appears in spring about two weeks later than o cornuta | MEDAL |
a retrospective evaluation was performed of dentoalveolar and skeletal stability year after mandibular setback surgery using intraoral vertical subcondylar osteotomy ivso combined with intermaxillary fixation | MEDAL |
the optokinetic response okr to a visual stimulus moving at constant velocity consists of a series of two AC components a slow phase during which the eyes follow the stimulus and a quick phase which resets the eyes to begin a new response cycle the quick phases of the okr resemble the saccades observed during free viewing it is unclear to what extent the PM circuitry underlying these two types of jerky conjugate eye movements is conserved among vertebrates zebrafish danio rerio larvae broadly expressing halorhodopsin nphr or channelrhodopsin chr in most neurons were used to map the location of neurons involved in this SMB by blocking activity in localized groups of nphrexpressing neurons with an optic fiber positioned above the head of the fish and by systematically varying the site of PS we discovered that activity in a small hindbrain area in rhombomere was necessary for saccades to occur unilateral block of activity at this site affected SMB in a directionspecific manner inhibition of the RA side suppressed rightward saccades of both eyes while leaving leftward saccades unaffected and vice versa photostimulation of this area in chrtransgenic fish was sufficient to trigger saccades that were precisely locked to the light pulses these extra saccades could be induced both during free viewing and during the okr and were distinct in their kinetics from eye movements elicited by stimulating the abducens motor SN zebrafish double indemnity didy mutants were identified in a chemical mutagenesis screen based on a defect in sustaining saccades during okr positional cloning molecular analysis and EP revealed that the didy mutation disrupts the voltagegated sodium channel scnlab navlb chr PS of the putative hindbrain saccade generator was able to fully reconstitute saccades in the didy mutant our studies demonstrate that an optogenetic RPA is useful for targeted lossoffunction and gainoffunction manipulations of neural circuitry underlying eye movements in zebrafish and that the saccadegenerating circuit in this species shares many of its properties with that in mammals | MEDAL |
we examined the association of breastfeeding and the presence of chronic respiratory PS among brazilian schoolchildren years of age who were participants in the international T0 on asthma and allergies in childhood isaac the prevalence of medically diagnosed asthma and current wheeze were respectively confidence interval ci and ci ninety percent of the mothers in our study population had breastfed their child T3 adjusting for potential confounding factors we found that children who had not been breastfed were more likely to have a medical diagnosis of asthma or or ci experience current wheeze or ci and wheeze T3 exercise or ci than children who had been BF for more than months this effect was only present among children with no family history of asthma or ci for medical diagnosis of asthma or ci for current wheezing and or ci for wheeze after exercise we conclude that the low prevalence of asthma and wheeze observed in our population may be partly related to the high level of BF | MEDAL |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.