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the guanine dissociation inhibitors rhogdi and dgdi inhibit GDP dissociation from rho gtpases keeping these small gtpases in an inactive state the gdis are made up of two domains a flexible NT domain of about amino acid residues and a folded residue cterminal domain here we characterize the conformation of the NT regions of both rhogdi and dgdi using a series of nmr experiments which include n relaxation and NH solvent accessibility measurements in each protein two regions with tendencies to form helices are identified residues to and to in rhogdi and residues to and to in dgdi to examine the PET roles of the NTD of rhogdi in vitro and in vivo functional assays have been carried out with nterminally truncated proteins these studies show that the first amino acid residues are not required for inhibition of gdp dissociation but appear to be important for gtp hydrolysis whilst removal of the first residues completely abolish the ability of rhogdi to inhibit gdp dissociation the combination of structural and PET studies allows us to explain why rhogdi and dgdi are able to interact in similar ways with the guanosine diphosphatebound gtpase but differ in their ability to regulate gtpbound forms these PET differences are attributed to the conformational differences of the NT domains of the guanosine diphosphate dissociation inhibitors therefore the two transient helices appear to be associated with different biological effects of rhogdi providing a clear example of structureactivity relationships in a flexible protein domain | MEDAL |
the product of the uvrd gene of escherichia coli uvrd helicase ii is known to be involved in methyldirected mismatch repair transposon excision and uvrabc excision repair in conjugational crosses various uvrd mutants have been reported to result in higher lower or unaffected recombination frequencies in an attempt to clarify the role of uvrd in recombination we have studied in vitro its effects on two key reactions driven by reca homologous pairing and strand exchange we show here that uvrd efficiently prevents or reverses recamediated rat pairing unexpectedly we also found that it can stimulate recadriven CB migration and even catalyze strand exchange in the absence of reca a possible in vivo role for these antagonistic activities is discussed | MEDAL |
a yearold male presented to our hospital in october complaining of RA scrotal swelling right high ligation of testis was performed pathological examination demonstrated a diffuse C1 bcell lymphoma dlbcl originating from the right testis he underwent four courses of adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of chop cyclophosphamide doxorubicin vincristin prednisone together with gy radiotherapy to the contralateral testis following this treatment he achieved pCR seven years later in march he developed swelling of the left scrotum he underwent left high ORX based on the suspicion of a CL testicular malignant lymphoma pathological examination of the testicular specimen confirmed a diagnosis of dlbcl he underwent chemotherapy and has survived without evidence of recurrence we have summarized the cases of BL asynchrony primary testicular lymphoma | MEDAL |
infobuttons have been proven as an ERP means for providing quick contextspecific links to pertinent information resources at the point of care current infobutton manager implementations however lack the ability to exchange metadata are limited to a relatively small set of information providers and are targeted primarily for a clinician audience as part of a local effort to implement infobuttons for patient use via a tethered personal health record we present a series of metadata SE routines these routines were constructed to extract key pieces of information from health information providers on the internet including content coverage language availability and readability scores the extraction routines were tested using thirty different disease conditions against eight different providers the routines yielded potential infobutton targets and associated metadata for each the capabilities of the extraction routines will be expanded to cover new types of metadata in the future | MEDAL |
a family having two affected siblings with congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type ii hempas is described the proband was diagnosed T3 referral for investigation of CNSHA clinical DUE and in vivo red cell rbc survival and the sequestration studies in the proband indicated that the anaemia was due to a combination of ineffective erythropoiesis and premature destruction of rbcs in the spleen SEM examination of peripheral rbcs was undertaken and is reported the polypeptide composition of rbc CM was also examined using PAGE after solubilisation in SDS these results are also reported | MEDAL |
the effects of intraseptal injections of various concentrations of ibotenic acid on HPC electrical activity were studied in freely moving and urethaneanesthetized rats ibotenic acid selectively abolished the atropinesensitive form of RSA rsa normally seen during URE anesthesia C1 amplitude irregular activity lia and rsa in the waking state were somewhat depressed as well despite this clear rsa persisted in the waking state in association with locomotion or struggling type SMB as in normal rats such rsa was resistant to systemic administration of atropine analysis of BB sections stained with gallocyanin or for acetylcholinesterase showed that ibotenic acid produced cell loss in the dorsal lateral septal nucleus and the septohippocampal nucleus cells in the medial septal and diagonal band nuclei were resistant to IBO acid the results suggest that intrinsic septal circuitry is critically involved in the generation of the atropinesensitive presumably ACh form of rsa the mechanisms by which lia and the two forms of rsa are generated in the hippocampus is discussed | MEDAL |
susac syndrome is a rare disorder caused by autoimmunemediated occlusions of MV in the BB retina and inner ear these occlusions lead to a characteristic clinical triad of CNS system dysfunction visual disturbances and vestibulecochlear deficits the diagnosis is based on clinical manifestations and complementary studies which demonstrate the involvement of three systems there are different treatments that include various IS drugs combinations such as corticosteroids intravenous immunoglobulin mycophenolate mofetil among others we present the case of a yearold woman with left hearing loss tinnitus and episodes of recurrent vertigo four weeks after BL blurred vision cerebellar ataxia and encephalopathy magnetic resonance imaging of the BB showed multiple rounded hyperintense lesions in t and fluidattenuated inversion recovery flair hypointense in t at the middle level of the CC internal capsule cerebellum and RA middle cerebellar peduncle the audiometry evidenced bilateral perceptual hearing loss predominantly in the LE angiography by OCT showed one in the deep layer retina arteries the susac syndrome was diagnosed and treatment started with methylprednisolone pulses therapy intravenously mgday for days followed by maintenance with mycophenolate which completely reversed the HIVE with persistence of mild ataxia and hearing loss it is important to know the clinical triad characteristic and the cDNA studies necessary to arrive at the diagnosis since IS treatment can often be delayed our case had an excellent response to CSs | MEDAL |
we examined the effect of chronic metabolic acidosis on HPA hormone production by administering nhcl for days to four normal subjects plasma aldosterone concentration aldosterone secretion and urinary excretion of aldosteroneglucuronide increased significantly whereas there were no significant changes in the plasma concentrations of cortisol corticosterone or deoxycorticosterone or in the urinary excretion of hydroxycorticoids by day plasma renin activity pra and concentration prc were not significantly different from control and the slope of the regression L1 relating plasma aldosterone concentration to pra was significantly greater than the slope in the control period ie the sensitivity of aldosterone secretion to renin stimulation was increased by day however pra and prc were increased above control PK did not change significantly thus chronic nhclinduced acidosis induces a sustained stimulation of aldosterone secretion in the absence of a change in adrenocorticotropindependent HPA hormone secretion factors other than an increase in RS and PK concentration may be involved in at least the early phase of aldosterone stimulation suggesting that plasma pH might be a separate regulator of aldosterone secretion | MEDAL |
nine TB horses were assessed to determine the normal response of insulin gl cortisol plasma potassium k and EA k through conditioning and to exercise over and m in addition adrenaline noradrenaline cortisol plasma k EA k and llactate concentrations were evaluated in response to maximal exercise with and without the administration of acepromazine conditioning caused no obvious trends in plasma k EA k insulin or glucose concentration SS cortisol increased p less than from the initial sample at week to weeks and attributed to a response to training and then decreased during conditioning three horses had low erythrocyte k concentrations less than mmollitre further work is needed to define the significance of low EA k concentrations in the performance horse in all tests maximal exercise increased plasma k glucose and cortisol concentrations whereas insulin and erythrocyte k concentrations decreased thirty minutes following exercise plasma k and EA k concentrations returned to resting values whereas glucose and cortisol concentrations continued to increase and the insulin concentration also was increased the magnitude of the changes varied for PC vs postconditioned exercise tests and the duration of exercise the administration of acepromazine prior to exercise over m failed to alter the circulating noradrenaline and adrenaline concentrations in anticipation of exercise or mins following exercise acepromazine administration however did cause lower llactate concentration mins p less than and mins p less than or equal to following exercise also EA k showed a delayed return to baseline C2 at mins post exercise further DUE of these trends may help explain the beneficial role acepromazine plays in limiting signs of exertional rhabdomyolysis when po prior to exercise | MEDAL |
liberase is a HP blend of collagenases that has been specifically developed to eliminate the numerous problems associated with the conventional use of crude MMP-8 when isolating ICCs iccs from pancreases of different species the influence of liberase on yield size viability and CF of iccs has been documented when this enzyme was used to digest AD but not fetal pancreases in this T0 we compared the effects of collagenase and liberase on fetal pig iccs a total of eight fetal pig pancreas digestions were analyzed fetuses were obtained from large WG landrace pigs of gestational age days the pancreases were digested with either mgml MMP-8 p or mgml liberase hi the time taken to digest the pancreas was shorter for MMP-8 when compared with liberase vs min the size of iccs was similar for both collagenase microm and liberase microm as was the number of iccs produced per pancreas vs viability as assessed using FL markers was slightly greater for liberase vs p responsiveness to betacell CS- mm kcl was similar for both methods of isolation as was the insulin content of the iccs both in vitro and at i month T3 transplantation of iccs beneath the renal capsule of immunoincompetent mice despite the high content of ET in collagenase the above results show that this enzyme was equally as efficient as liberase in isolating PET iccs from fetal pig pancreas | MEDAL |
we tested the hypothesis that the combination of polymerized bovine hemoglobin pbhg with hypertonic saline may be beneficial for the initial management of hemorrhagic shock in mongrel dogs kg bled to a mean arterial pressure map of mm hg in min and maintained at this level for min shed blood volume approximately mlkg animals were treated with a mlkg bolus over min of one of the following fluids whole blood nacl hs gdl of pbhg or nacl combined with polymerized bovine hemoglobin hspbhg no additional intervention was performed and the animals were followed for min after treatment pbhg and hspbhg produced a sustained significant increase in map cardiac SO was transiently increased only T3 hs and hspbhg a partial increase in SMA artery blood flow was observed particularly T3 hspbhg we concluded that small volumes of pbhg CT restore map but not blood flow the combination of pbhg with hypertonic saline provides improvements in cardiac SO and mesenteric blood flow suggesting a potential benefit for the initial management of major BL | MEDAL |
two oxorhenium and two oxotechnetium snrss mixed ligand complexes bearing the phenothiazine moiety on the tridentate ligand snrs have been synthesized and characterized the corresponding complexes at tracer level mtc have also been prepared | MEDAL |
walnut juglans regia l is an abundant source of polyphenols although phenolic species in the walnut kernel have been studied comprehensively their compositional profile in the internal fruit SP a traditional nutraceutical material in china has been rarely explored in the current study the methanolic extract of the walnut septum was analysed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with orbitrap mass spectrometry totally seventyfive phenolics belonging to flavonoids tannins and phenolic acids were identified based on mass spectra references and literatures among them quercetinogalactoside quercetinrhamnosepentoside quercetinoglucoside quercetinrhamnosehexoside kaempferolrhamnoside and two isomers of quercetinrhamnoside were reported for the first time in walnut the total polyphenol content was found to be ± mg gaeg dry weight in SP this study is the first to comprehensively investigate and identify phenolic EDC in the fruit septum of walnut and indicates that the SP to be a rich resource of polyphenols | MEDAL |
a study of the alterations in lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase isoenzyme patterns in isolated grey and WG matter edema fluid and in IP blood is described with a view to possible clinical use in severe braininjury the breakdown of the bloodbrain barrier caused by the infliction of a cold injury to the cerebral cortex of cats resulted in a shift in the ld isoenzyme distribution in favour of the faster moving fractions and the appearance of braintype ck in the IP blood total lactate dehydrogenase activity demonstrated no statistical significant changes during the experiment and total creatine kinase showed only slight increased values in the samples collected simultaneously with the infliction of a cold lesion this strongly suggests that measurements of these parameters in peripheral blood are of little value as indicators of BB damage alterations in isoenzyme patterns observed in edema fluids are reflected in peripheral blood the presence therefore of braintype creatine kinase accompanied by a relative high amount of lactate dehydrogenase hsub unit in peripheral blood can be considered as adequate indices of severe BB damage | MEDAL |
preexposure prophylaxis prep against hiv using oral regimens based on the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor TDF disoproxil fumarate tdf has been effective to various degrees in multiple PCTs and the ccr receptor antagonist maraviroc mvc holds potential for cDNA tau the effectiveness of hiv prep is highly dependent on adherence incorporation of the tdfmvc combination into intravaginal rings ivrs for sustained mucosal delivery could increase product adherence and efficacy compared with oral and vaginal gel formulations a novel podivr technology capable of delivering multiple drugs is described the pharmacokinetics and preliminary local safety characteristics of a novel podivr delivering a combination of tdf and mvc were evaluated in the ovine MM the device exhibited sustained release at controlled rates over the day T0 and maintained steadystate drug C2 in cervicovaginal fluids cvfs dilution of cvfs during lavage sample collection was measured by IC using an inert tracer allowing QTc drug concentrations to be measured for the first time median steadystate drug C2 in vaginal tissue homogenate were as follows for tenofovir tfv in vivo hydrolysis product of tdf à ng g interquartile range iqr à à for tfv diphosphate tfvdp active metabolite of tfv à fmol g iqr à à and for mvc à ng g iqr à à no AEs were observed these findings together with previous podivr studies have allowed several lead candidates to advance into clinical DUE | MEDAL |
the ultrastructure of hypertrophic nucleoli in C1 cells from each of successive cases of nonhodgkins lymphoma regardless of predominant cell type showed irregularly rounded or ovoid mostly compact forms with few scattered light spaces occasional nucleolonemal forms were noted few ring forms or transitional forms between ring and compact or nucleolonemal types were present granular components occupied of the mean total area of lymphoma large cell nucleoli of all configurations studied HCM nucleoli in phytohemagglutinin phastimulated lymphocytes were predominantly nucleolonemal with granular composition the qualitative and quantitative distribution of nucleolar granular moieties did not vary significantly between individual cases of lymphoma nor quantitatively between these and nucleoli in phastimulated lymphocytes these observations lend further credence to the suggestion of the lymphocyte as a common CFU-GM type for the large b and t cell of malignant lymphomas some functional similarity of their nucleoli and those of phastimulated lymphocytes in their participation in ribonucleic acid synthesis is implied generally compact nucleoli of lymphomas in contrast to nucleolonemal forms of phastimulated lymphocytes may be pathognomonic for C1 lymphocytic cells undergoing neoplasia | MEDAL |
though liver grafts from nonheartbeating donors are now attracting much attention these grafts inevitably suffer from severe warm ischemia the aim of this T0 was to evaluate the effect of TNF and il suppression on warm ischemiareperfusion injury in a canine total hepatic vascular exclusion model | MEDAL |
actions of MTX the most potent marine toxin known obtained from toxic dinoflagellate gambierdiscus toxicus were studied using clonal PC12 pc rat CL mitochondria and liposomes MTX induced a profound release of norepinephrine and dopamine from pc cells and the molar ratio of norepinephrine to dopamine was almost the same as that stored in the cells this releasing action was apparent at a concentration of x gml or more the releasing rate increased with an increase in the concentration of applied MTX and attained maximum at about gml the hnorepinephrine release induced by maitotoxin was abolished in the absence of external ca and increased with increasing concentration of external ca up to mm the release gradually decreased as the [Na+]o concentrations were reduced from to mm but maitotoxin is still able to induce a profound PR in the absence of external na the releasing action of MTX was markedly suppressed by various ca channel blockers such as mn verapamil and nicardipine and by a local anesthetic tetracaine the inhibitory actions of ca channel blockers were antagonized by external ca and became less obvious in the higher ca concentration range maitotoxin did not exhibit any ionophoretic activities on rat mitochondrial and liposomal CM these results suggest that maitotoxin has the ability to activate voltagedependent ICa of pc cells | MEDAL |
current developments in gene medicine and vaccination studies are utilizing plasmid dna pdna as the vector for this reason there has been an increasing trend towards larger and larger doses of pdna utilized in human trials from microg in to microg in the increasing demand of pdna has created the need to revolutionalize current production levels under optimum economy in this work different standard media lb tb and soc for culturing recombinant escherichia coli dhalpha harbouring puc were compared to a medium optimised for pdna production lab scale fermentations using the standard media showed that the highest pdna volumetric and TPS yields were for tb microgml and microgmg dry cell mass respectively and the lowest was for lb microgml and microgmg dry cell mass respectively a fourth medium pdmr designed by modifying a stoichiometricallyformulated medium with an optimised carbon source concentration and carbon to nitrogen ratio displayed pdna volumetric and specific yields of microgml and microgmg dry cell mass respectively however it is the economic advantages of the optimised medium that makes it so attractive keeping all variables constant except medium and using lb as a base scenario medium cost mc unitsmg pdna the optimised pdmr medium yielded pdna at a cost of only mc unitsmg pdna these results show that greater amounts of pdna can be obtained more economically with minimal extra effort simply by using a medium optimised for pdna production | MEDAL |
PCT was found to correlate with the clinical findings in patients with noncompressive optic nerve pathology including cases of multiple sclerosis furthermore subclinical multiple sclerosis was detected by the prolongation of pupil cycle time and was confirmed by visual CEP analysis there was a correspondence between dynamics in the clinical findings and the pupil cycle time in two cases of multiple sclerosis that were followed up | MEDAL |
G1 leukocyte cell adhesion molecule alcam is expressed at the surface of epithelial ovarian cancer eoc cells and is released in a soluble form salcam by adammediated shedding this process is relevant to eoc cell motility and invasiveness which is reduced by inhibitors of adam in addition adam plays a key role in egfr signaling and thus may represent a useful target in anticancer therapy herein we report our hit optimization effort to identify potent and selective adam inhibitors starting with previously identified inhibitor a new series of AA sulfonamidobased hydroxamates was designed and synthesized the biological activity of the newly synthesized EDC was tested in vitro on isolated enzymes and human eoc cell lines the optimization process led to compound which showed an ic of nm on adam with greatly increased selectivity this compound maintained good inhibitory properties on salcam shedding in several in vitro assays | MEDAL |
the aim of the T0 was to assess the influence of AV replacement on left ventricular size and muscle hypertrophy according to the type of preexisting valve disease aortic stenosis insufficiency or combined disease the study group consisted of consecutive patients pts T3 AV replacement men women mean age years reason for the T0 was aortic stenosis in pts aortic insufficiency in pts and combined disease in pts echocardiography was performed before surgery month and year T3 operation and yearly during year followup transvalvular aortic pressure gradients decreased significantly after valve replacement in all subsets without further changes during followup pmax mmhg from to in combined disease pts from to in aortic stenosis and from to in aortic insufficiency pts respectively p one year after surgery the diastolic dimension of the left ventricle decreased significantly in all subjects whereas the systolic dimension only in aortic insufficiency and combined disease pts from to mm p and from to mm p respectively further decrease of both diastolic andin the deep glands caruncular stroma deep stroma and myometrium in group o oestradiol increased progesterone receptors in the LE SF glands deep stroma and myometrium progesterone caused the loss of its own receptor from the luminal epithelium and SF PG and decreased its receptor concentration in the deep stroma and myometrium at all timepoints there was a timerelated loss of progesterone receptors from the deep glands of progesteronetreated ewes between days and these results show differences in the regulation of receptors between uterine regions in particular loss of the negative inhibition by progesterone on the oxytocin receptor by day occurred only in the luminal epithelium but is unlikely to be a direct effect of progesterone as no progesterone receptors were present on luminal epithelial cells between days and | MEDAL |
the cl transport mechanism responsible for the stimulation of cl efflux T3 SE to hypotonic medium mosmolkg was investigated in human KCs the involvement of the anion exchanger and of the clcation cotransporters was ruled out by the finding that replacement of extracellular cl by the poorly permeant anion gluconate and the addition of bumetanide and furosemide inhibitors of the nakcl and kcl cotransporters respectively failed to significantly reduce the activation of cl efflux by hypotonic medium whole cell configuration of the patch clamp technique directly revealed the presence of a macroscopic cl current which was evoked by incubation with hypotonic medium and was reversed by elevation of the extracellular osmolality volumesensitive current showed outward rectification of the currentvoltage relationship and timedependent inactivation at depolarizing voltages this current was cl selective because the zerocurrent reversal potential approached the cl equilibrium potential when extracellular cl was replaced by gluconate mm dideoxyforskolin significantly reduced either cl efflux and the cl current suggesting that the cl efflux and the macroscopic current activated after exposure to hypotonic medium are mediated by the same pathway electronic cell sizing showed that in keratinocytes hypotonic swelling was not followed by a significant regulatory volume decrease response | MEDAL |
on a sheep farm in northern new south wales nsw of australia a degree of anthelmintic resistance was suspected with noticeable clinical signs of infection and sheep not responding to treatment a faecal FEC NBT was conducted to ascertain the broad spectrum of anthelmintic resistance at this farm a number of classes of anthelmintics were assessed including organophosphate macrocyclic lactone ml and in combination an ml benzimidazole levamisole and salicylanilide in addition the more recently registered classes of anthelmintics monepantel aminoacetonitrile derivative and derquantelabamectin combination spiroindoleml were included ninety merino sheep naturally infected with a field CS of haemonchus contortus were randomly allocated to treatment CG animalsgroup sheep were subsequently treated based on label recommendations and individual bodyweight faecal samples were collected PT on days and to conduct faecal epg and group bulk larval cultures broad spectrum anthelmintic resistance was confirmed at this site with treatment efficacies ranging from monepantel to derquantelabamectin combination against the h contortus CS furthermore resistance to the multicombination anthelmintic containing AS ingredients was evident this broad spectrum of resistance highlights the need for integration of alternative sustainable methods in parasite control in order to slow OD of resistance and increase the life time effectiveness of anthelmintics | MEDAL |
the us government provides financial incentives for meaningful use of health IT including computerized provider order entry we assess prevalence of emergency department ed computerized provider order entry in states identify characteristics predicting CPOE adoption and assess adoption in state over time all before incentive programs | MEDAL |
manual probing of the malleus handle mh of patients suggests a protective middle ear reflex with a variable tonic contraction of the tensor tympani muscle ttm the degree and type of mh retraction suggests three stages of progressive middle ear inflammation prediction accuracy of myringotomy findings was with impedance audiometry and with mh probing mechanical pressure gauge readings grams of ears correlated with finger pressure estimations the ttm tendons were sectioned in ten children with persisting OM with effusion ome and seven obtained benefit the three diagnostic methods pneumatic otoscopy impedance audiometry and mh probing assess similar and separate perimeters and are complementary malleus handle probing alone detects attic loculation of ome of ears it extends the diagnostic range to the ttm activities | MEDAL |
asymmetrical dimethylarginine adma is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide no synthase and may alter no production during pathological conditions concerning alzheimers disease ad there are reports on altered CBF no metabolism but only few studies on adma Cmax and CSF fluid csf | MEDAL |
a case of right intrascrotal and seminal vesicular granuloma probably induced by propionibacterium acnes is reported a yearold man was admitted to our department because of low grade fever and the right intrascrotal and retrovesical masses without tenderness ultrasonography computed tomography magnetic resonance imaging and vesiculography suggested a neoplasm however leukocytosis and high erythrocyte sedimentation rate esr and creactive protein level crp suggested inflammatory disease he was treated for week with parenteral CEZ cez gday and the intrascrotal mass was remarkably reduced in size to rule out neoplasms right orchiectomy and needle biopsy of the RA seminal vesicle were performed and nonspecific chronic granuloma was identified histologically on the th postoperative day he developed fever degrees c and p acnes was isolated from blood SC gram stain revealed grampositive rods in the specimen further chemotherapy normalized C2 of esr and crp and WG blood RCC and reduced the right seminal vesicle to its normal size recently several cases of infection induced by p acnes have been reported but this is the first report in the GU tract | MEDAL |
we have developed a transgenic rat to investigate the effects of overexpression of rat PR on the cardiovascular system two transgenic rat lines were generated in which rat PR expression was directed to the CL by a human alphaantitrypsin promoter liverspecific expression was confirmed by rnase RPA plasma prorenin concentrations in transgenic rats were increased fold in the males of both lines but were increased only two to threefold in the females thus Tg expression exhibited sexual dimorphism blood pressures were not significantly higher in transgenic rats than in nontransgenic controls the ratio of HW to body weight was greater in male transgenic rats than in the nontransgenic controls histological analysis revealed severe renal lesions and HCM cardiomyocytes in transgenic males only this transgenic model demonstrates a likely role of prorenin in the OD of cardiac and renal pathology independent of hypertension these animals will facilitate studies of the effects of blockade of the reninangiotensin system and other pharmacological interventions on the OD and treatment of cardiac vascular and renal lesions induced by changes in this system in the absence of chronic hypertension | MEDAL |
to determine if premature luteinization can occur in gnrh agonist gnrha and fsh recombinant fsh and human urinary fsh ivf cycles and whether premature luteinization affects ivf and clinical outcome | MEDAL |
the f molecule belongs to the set of cell surface antigens which is induced following lectin or antigenmediated tcell activation the increase in f cell surface expression following lectinmediated stimulation has been shown to be accompanied by a parallel increase in the steadystate C2 of f heavychain fhc mrna the studies described in this report were designed to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms responsible for induction of fhc mRNA following activation of normal resting human PBT the low levels of mature fhc mrna in resting t cells were shown to be the result of a block to transcription elongation within the exon intron region of the fhc gene rather than promoter inactivity PMA acetate stimulation of resting t cells resulted in a fold increase in steadystate fhc mrna C2 which was mediated by removal of this block to transcription elongation the phorbol myristate acetateinduced increase in fhc mRNA is distinct from previously described apmediated phorbol esterinduced gene expression in that it requires new protein synthesis treatment of resting TA with ionomycin plus pma resulted in a fold increase in fhc mrna levels this induction was mediated by both an increase in promoter utilization and removal of the block to transcription elongation finally by increasing the halflife of fhc mrna cycloheximide treatment of resting TA induced an approximately five fold increase in the levels of fhc gene expression although the physiologic significance of this mechanism remains unclear these results demonstrate that the level of fhc mRNA in normal PBT cells can be regulated by at least three distinct molecular pathways i changes in promoter utilization ii modulation of a block to transcription elongation and iii alteration in mrna stability | MEDAL |
amiloride namidinodiaminochloropyarzine carboxamide a potassium sparing diuretic decreases blood pressure and inhibits V1 smooth muscle +dP/dt in rats the purpose of these experiments was to investigate the mechanisms by which amiloride inhibits contraction of rat caudal artery caudal artery rings were mounted in a muscle chamber that was continuously flushed with circulated bathing medium and the contractions were recorded through a force transducer the results demonstrate that amiloride competitively inhibited the norepinephrinestimulated contraction of arterial rings pa this suggests that amiloride and norepinephrine ne interact at the same site the concentration required to produce halfmaximum inhibition ic of contraction produced by m norepinephrine was microm amiloride microm shifted the CR curves of norepinephrine and methoxamine to the RA without significantly affecting the maximum contraction produced by these agonists the ec value and the threshold concentration of both norepinephrine and methoxamine were increased by about fold in the presence of microm amiloride amilorideinduced inhibition of norepinephrinestimulated contraction was reversible following removal of the drug amilorideinduced inhibition of V1 smooth muscle contraction was not blocked by ouabain or monensin amiloride at concentrations up to microm did not inhibit k stimulated contractions from these results we conclude that amiloride reversibly inhibits V1 smooth muscle contraction by competing with alphaadrenoceptor agonists for IB to alpha ARs | MEDAL |
we evaluated consecutively implanted cemented titanium alloy stems tialnb sls after a mean followup of years range years almost of the stems showed significant osteolysis mainly in the PT stem area the amount of osteolysis correlated significantly to a typical pain pattern dull circular and occurring at rest six stems had already been revised and another stems were loose clinically and radiologically which resulted in a KM survivorship of for stem revisions and for stem failures revisions plus loose stems we found that smaller stem sizes tend to increase the OD of osteolysis and loosening two factors seem to play a role in early loosening of cemented titanium alloy stems i increased elasticity of titanium which leads in small stem sizes to micromotion between the stem and cement and to cement breakage and ii corrosion of the cemented titanium alloy stem and subsequent osteolysis in the adjacent bone the combination of both factors high elasticity plus corrosion accelerates the degradation of the bone anchorage of the stem and initiates early loosening we advise against the further use of cemented sls Ti stems | MEDAL |
nanocrystalline ptype semiconductor copper aluminum oxide cualo has been synthesized by mechanical alloying using freshly prepared cuo and alphaaloo NCs in toluene medium a T0 on structural property performed with different alloying and post annealing durations by xray diffraction xrd reveals the formation of single phase with average crystallite size approximately nm optical absorbance ON at nm confirms its wide band gap nature eg ev and the fluorescence emission behaviour nm confirms its direct band type transition the activation SE for electrical conduction has been calculated by arrhenius plots using impedance measurement both grain and grain boundary conductivity takes place with almost equal E(a) of approximately ev the paper discusses synthesis structural optical and electrical properties of delafossite cualo in detail | MEDAL |
the invitro permeability of chemically modified TG with fatty acids through the rat skin was studied the permeability of these EDC through intact skin and stripped skin of rat was determined with a franztype diffusion cell the permeation of tetragastrin across the intact skin was improved by chemical modification with acetic acid and BA however tetragastrin and caproyltetragastrin did not permeate across the intact skin up to the end of experiment the permeation of tetragastrin across the stripped skin was improved by chemical modification the skin flux of these acyl derivatives being in the orderacetyl butyroyl caproyl the stability of tetragastrin in skin TH was also significantly improved by chemical modification with fatty acids these results suggest that chemical modifications of tetragastrin with fatty acids increases its lipophilicity which makes it permeable across the SC moreover the chemical modification reduced the Kd of TG in the viable skin resulting an increase in permeation of TG across the skin | MEDAL |
recent studies have shown that tissue macrophages are capable of proliferation and that this capability is enhanced by various cytokines including macrophage colonystimulating factor mcsf and granulocytemacrophage colonystimulating factor gmcsf TAMs tam have been demonstrated to proliferate in vitro but no information is currently available on the ability of mcsf and gmcsf to enhance this response to address this problem limiting dilution analysis was utilized to examine the proliferative ability of macrophages isolated from two murine PT of distinct origin following growth in AA hosts as a means of comparison RPM rpm and thioglycolateelicited macrophages tem were also analyzed results indicate that a rare subset of tam and rpm is capable of proliferation and that mcsf and gmcsf enhance the frequency of tam and rpm which proliferate but do not enhance the growth of tem | MEDAL |
stability of solidphase antibody spab was investigated using polystyrene surface coated by simple PCS adsorption with a rb antibody against the beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin spab stored wet in m trishcl buffer ph or in AS solution in the tris buffer did not lose any activity upto the entire period of the T0 ie days at degrees c and RT and days at degrees c however spab lost some activity upon drying and decrease in activity continued when airdried spab was stored at any of these temperatures AA coating of spab with sucrose or lactose before drying offered only partial protection to the activity of spab using radiolabeled antibody it was found that the loss of activity was not caused by desorption of the antibody rather it could be the result of surface denaturation of the molecules IB of the antibody to polystyrene was so strong that weeklong storage of spab in m urea or acetic acid could not bring about desorption by more than it is recommended that spab should be stored in a buffer and should not be allowed to dry | MEDAL |
by intracellular and whole cell recording in rat brain slices it was found that bathapplied serotonin ht produces an increase in the frequency and amplitude of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic potentialscurrents epspsepscs in layer v pyramidal cells of neocortex and transitional cortex eg medial prefrontal cigulate and frontoparietal the epscs were suppressed by ly an antagonist selective for the ampa AT1 of excitatory CAA receptor and by two selective hta receptor antagonists mdl and sr b in addition the epscs were suppressed by the fast sodium channel blocker tetrodotoxin ttx and were dependent upon external calcium however despite being TTX-S and calcium dependent there was no evidence that the epsps resulted from an increase in impulse flow in excitatory neuronal afferents to SL v pyramidal cells the epscs could be induced rapidly by the microiontophoresis of ht directly to hot spots within the apical but not basilar dendritic field of recorded neurons indicating that excitatory amino acids may be released by a ttxsensitive focal action of ht on a subset of glutamatergic terminals in this region consistent with such a presynaptic action the GABA metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist ssaminocyclopentanedicarboxylate markedly reduced the induction of epsps by ht postsynaptically ht enhanced a subthreshold ttxsensitive sodium current potentially contributing to an amplification of epsc amplitudes these data suggest ht via hta receptors enhances spontaneous epspsepscs in neocortical layer v pyramidal cells through a ttxsensitive focal action in the apical dendritic field which may involve both pre and postsynaptic mechanisms | MEDAL |
NF nf is a multisystem genetic disorder that primarily affects the skin freckling and caféaulait macules NS neurofibromas optic gliomas and learning disabilities and skeletal system pseudoarthroses the interest in pharmacological intervention for patients with nf has grown in recent years however little is known about the attitudes and priorities of patients families and physicians regarding participation in PCTs we surveyed adult patients or parents of patients with nf and care providers participating in a neurofibromatosis clinic to assess their willingness to participate in clinical trials and their opinions about which conditions they thought were most important to treat both patients and care providers are willing to participate in PCTs for nf and both CG rate malignant IP nerve sheath tumors as the most urgent for new treatments there are concordant views among patients and physicians concerning PCTs for nf and patients do not dismiss participation in placebocontrolled trials neuroscience nurses are poised to facilitate the research process from conception through implementation as they take the viewpoints of our T0 populations into consideration | MEDAL |
thirtytwo DM iddm and niddm males and females age years were followed for years T3 the onset of chronic renal failure with the aim of evaluating the effect of low protein diets on the rate of decline of the RRF during the year followup period on free or uncontrolled LP the mean rate of decline of creatinine clearance was mlminmonth significantly greater than that observed during years on low or very low protein diets the reduction of protein intake was followed by a significant decrease in daily urinary protein loss a better glycaemic control was obtained on the low protein diet and the daily insulin requirement decreased the anthropometry as well as the serum concentrations of rapid turnover proteins did not NC in spite of the low or very low protein dietary supply for a long duration the values of MAP pressure were quite similar during the followup period on free or uncontrolled LP and during the study period on the low protein diet a good compliance with reduced dietary intake as demonstrated by the measurement of the daily urea excretion was obtained in a large number of patients in conclusion our study confirms the protective effect on the residual renal CF of low protein diets in iddm and niddm patients with chronic renal failure due to diabetic nephropathy in the absence of any sign of protein malnutrition | MEDAL |
in order to identify all pairs of polymorphs in the cambridge structural database csd a method was devised to automatically compare two crystal structures the comparison is based on simulated powder diffraction patterns but with special provisions to deal with differences in unitcell volumes caused by temperature or pressure among the crystal structures in the cambridge structural DB pairs of crystal structures of the same chemical compound were identified and compared a total of pairs of polymorphs were identified of which previously were unknown | MEDAL |
colorectal CA crc accounts for about of all new cancer cases globally located at close proximity to the colorectal epithelium the gut microbiota comprises a large population of microorganisms that interact with host cells to regulate many physiological processes such as energy harvest metabolism and immune response sequencing studies have revealed microbial compositional and ecological changes in patients with crc whereas PET studies in animal models have pinpointed the roles of several bacteria in colorectal carcinogenesis including fusobacterium nucleatum and certain strains of escherichia coli and bacteroides fragilis these findings give new opportunities to take advantage of our knowledge on the gut microbiota for clinical applications such as gut microbiota analysis as screening prognostic or predictive biomarkers or modulating microorganisms to prevent cancer augment therapies and reduce adverse effects of treatment this review aims to provide an overview and discussion of the gut microbiota in colorectal neoplasia including relevant mechanisms in microbiotarelated carcinogenesis the potential of utilizing the microbiota as crc biomarkers and the prospect for modulating the microbiota for crc prevention or treatment these scientific findings will pave the way to clinically translate the use of gut microbiota for crc in the near future | MEDAL |
to examine and evaluate the economic evidence regarding the use of tandem mass spectrometry msms for the PCD of rare metabolic conditions in neonates and then to consider the transferability of these nationallevel results to other decisionmaking contexts | MEDAL |
we have routinely used postoperative continuous hemodiafiltration chdf combined with intraoperative hemodialysis ihd for dialysis patients undergoing openheart surgery this perioperative management could avoid any limitation of potassium concentration in the cardioplegic solution strict restriction of fluid administration or ABT | MEDAL |
to develop a novel adjunctive therapy for cd ki anaplastic largecell lymphoma alcl we investigated in preclinical studies the antitumor activity of an immunotoxin it constructed by coupling the plant ribosomeinactivating protein saporin so to the monoclonal antibody moab berh that is directed against the cd molecule a new member of the TN factor receptor tnfr superfamily the activity of berhso it was tested both in vitro against the cd alclderived cell line jb and in vivo using our severe combined immunodeficiency disease scid mouse MM of human xenografted cd alcl in vitro the berhso it was selectively and highly toxic to the jb cell L1 inhibiting concentration ic x moll as so in vivo a day treatment with nontoxic doses of berhso of ld induced lasting CRs cr in of mice when started hours after tumor transplantation in contrast injection of the it at later stages of RT growth mice bearing subcutaneous PT of to mm volume induced cr in only of approximately mice and significantly delayed tumor growth rate p this finding suggests that maximum effect of the anticd it is observed when RT cell burden is small persistent tumors from ittreated mice consisted of cd cells thus excluding the possibility that selection of cdnegative mutant clones during it therapy was responsible for resistance to treatment we conclude that berhso it is an ERP agent against cd alcl growing in scid mice suggesting its possible role as adjuvant therapy in patients with cd alcl refractory to standard treatments | MEDAL |
florid leucoerythroblastic blood picture in sickle cell disease scd resembling chronic myeloid leukaemia and secondary dyserythropoietic activity resembling di guglielmos disease in scd have previously been reported the aim of this study is to further focus attention on this phenomenon and to report that megaloblastic crisis in scd can be misdiagnosed as AL erythroleukaemia the need to do haemoglobin electrophoresis in all suspected cases of acute or chronic leukaemia in people of african ancestry is advocated | MEDAL |
there have been only a few BB computed tomography imaging studies with mostly negative findings in subjects with borderline personality disorder bpd this is the first mri study which evaluated the structural CA of the brain in subjects with the sole diagnosis of bpd | MEDAL |
the incidence of low nocturnal blood glucose values ie less than mgdl was assessed in insulindependent diabetic patients treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion supported by capillary blood gl monitoring before each meal and the evening snack patients were randomly assigned to a control or EG both CG followed an identical protocol for the first part of the study baseline patients were instructed to determine CBG measurements five times during the night for three consecutive nights the same procedure was repeated one week later but this time the subjects in the exp group were instructed to have an extra snack if capillary blood gl C2 at pm were mgdl or less the control group continued with the usual routine of one evening snack at pm at baseline the incidence of capillary blood gl values of less than mgdl was percent the ingestion of an extra snack at HS resulted in the absence of capillary blood gl values of less than mgdl in the EG whereas the incidence of CBG values of less than mgdl in the control group remained percent p the capillary blood glucose concentration at pm was highly predictive of the risk of nocturnal blood gl values below mgdl p and fasting capillary blood glucose values above mgdl p these data show that nocturnal hypoglycemia may be a considerable problem during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy even if the basal infusion rate is adjusted in the hospital on the basis of nocturnal blood gl concentrations the ingestion of an extra snack at bedtime for capillary blood gl values below mgdl has the potential to minimize this risk the CBG concentration at pm is a significant predictor of nocturnal hypoglycemia | MEDAL |
optimal regimen for insulin therapy should lead to normal longitudinal growth and WG in children with diabetes mellitus however reports published so far indicate that this goal of paediatric diabetology is currently not achieved in a considerable number of patients in a crosssectional sample of children with IDDM diabetes mellitus iddm for more than years we found the relation of height to weight to be significantly different compared to healthy school children of similar age using bivariate analysis body shape in these children with diabetes was shifted towards small and obese p less than compared to control children we subsequently initiated a longitudinal T0 and followed children from the onset of diabetes for the following years recording height weight and bone age as well as glycosylated haemoglobin and daily insulin requirement at diagnosis height sds was identical in children with iddm compared to control children m se while weight sds was in children with diabetes controls BA was identically retarded in newly diagnosed iddm children sds and in our control group of children from the same regional BG ns in this group of children with diabetes mellitus followed prospectively height to weight relationship differed from controls after and T3 years of the disease p less than abstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
the nucleation event in αhelix formation is a fundamental process in protein folding however determining how quickly it takes place based on measurements of the EC50 dynamics of helical peptides is difficult because such relaxations invariably contain contributions from various structural EMT such as from helical to nonhelical states and helical to partialhelical conformations herein we measure the temperaturejump tjump relaxation kinetics of three model peptides that fold into a singleturn αhelix using TR infrared spectroscopy aiming to provide a direct assessment of the helix nucleation rate the αhelical structure of these MMP is stabilized by a covalent crosslinker formed between the side chains of two residues at the i and i positions if we assume that this crosslinker mimics the structural constraint arising from a strong side chainside chain interaction eg a salt bridge in proteins these MMP would represent good models for studying the nucleation process of an αhelix in a protein environment indeed we find that the tjump induced EC50 rate of these MMP is approximately μs at RT which is slower than that of commonly studied alaninebased helical MMP but faster than that of a naturally occurring αhelix whose folded state is stabilized by a series of side chainside chain interactions taken together our results put an upper limit of about μs for the helix nucleation time at °c and suggest that the subsequent propagation steps occur with a time constant of about ns | MEDAL |
the applicability of PMS methoxyphenazine methosulfate menadione and meldola blue as exogenous electron carriers for the cytochemical staining of nicotinamide adenine CpG phosphate nadpdependent dehydrogenases has been studied quantitatively with tetranitro bt in vitro and with a MM system of polyacrylamide films incorporating either purified glucosephosphate dehydrogenase or intact rat PC it was found that every CA in which a XTT is used whether or not an electron carrier is present has to be carried out in darkness menadione did not appear to be useful because electrons were not found to be transferred directly from NADH phosphate nadph to this compound phenazine methosulfate at higher concentrations and meldola blue at concentrations optimal for carrying electrons to tetrazolium salts yielded a high level of nothing dehydrogenase activity in cellcontaining films but no inhibition of enzymatic activity was found factors involved in the interference of oxygen with XTT reduction are discussed methoxyphenazine methosulfate did not stain cellular compounds and caused only a very low nothing dehydrogenase activity the cytochemical demonstration of dehydrogenase activity was shown to be independent on the concentration of methoxyphenazine methosulfate used microm it is concluded that methoxyphenazine methosulfate is the exogenous electron carrier of choice | MEDAL |
vitamin b comprises a family of compounds that is essential for all organisms most notable among which is the cofactor pyridoxal phosphate plp other forms of vitamin b include PM phosphate pmp pyridoxine phosphate pnp and the corresponding nonphosphorylated derivatives while plants can biosynthesize plp de novo they also have salvage pathways that serve to interconvert the different vitamers the selective contribution of these various pathways to cellular vitamin b homeostasis in plants is not fully understood although biosynthesis de novo has been extensively characterized the salvage pathways have received comparatively little attention in plants here we show that the pmppnp oxidase pdx is essential for balancing b vitamer levels in arabidopsis thaliana in the absence of pdx growth and OD are impaired and the metabolite profile is altered surprisingly rna sequencing reveals strong induction of stressrelated genes in pdx particularly those associated with biotic AS that coincides with an increase in salicylic acid C2 intriguingly exogenous ammonium rescues the growth and developmental phenotype in L1 with a severe reduction in nitrate reductase activity that may be due to the overaccumulation of pmp in pdx our analyses demonstrate an important link between vitamin b homeostasis and nitrogen metabolism | MEDAL |
mounting evidence suggests that eukaryotic rna polymerases preassociate with multiple transcription AF in the absence of dna forming rna polymerase holoenzyme complexes we have purified an apparent rna polymerase i pol i holoenzyme from xenopus laevis cells by sequential chromatography on five columns deaesepharose biorex sephacryl s mono q and dnacellulose single fractions from every column programmed accurate promoterdependent transcription upon GFC the pol i holoenzyme elutes at a position overlapping the peak of blue dextran suggesting a molecular mass in the range of approximately mda consistent with its large mass coomassie bluestained sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gels reveal appr nonneural tissues as well as in SN that degenerate in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy suggesting that a common mechanism underlies in the formation of neural and nonneural nuclear inclusions | MEDAL |
CS to moderate alcohol consumption and leisure time PCS activity ltpa are independently associated with lower C2 of high sensitivity creactive protein crp a predictor of cardiometabolic risk in contrast depression ranging from low mood disturbance to major depressive disorder has been associated with elevated crp to test the hypothesis that depression attenuates the antiinflammatory effects of ltpa and alcohol consumption the current study tested the moderating effect of severity of depressive symptomatology on the relation of alcohol consumption and ltpa to crp in healthy AD men and women years of age given the known effects of gender on inflammation we also examined the effects of gender on the tested interactions depression was assessed using the beck depression inventory frequency of alcohol consumption hours of ltpa per week and other coronary riskprotective AF were assessed via selfreport and structured interview fasting blood samples were used to measure crp and lipids as predicted the interaction between ltpa and depressive symptomatology was significant f p such that lower crp was associated with the combination of decreased depressive symptomatology and increased ltpa among those with increased DS increased ltpa was not associated with higher crp similarly depression interacted with alcohol consumption in predicting crp in men but not women f p such that for men CS to moderate alcohol consumption was associated with lower crp but only among those with decreased depressive symptoms light to moderate alcohol consumption was not associated with lower crp in those with increased depressive symptom severity the pattern of the interactions between antiinflammatory MICs such as light to moderate alcohol consumption and ltpa and psychological distress as indexed by severity of depressive symptomatology suggests an important new avenue for future research | MEDAL |
pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors pnets a group of endocrine tumors arising in the pancreas are among the most common NE tumors the genetic causes of familial and sporadic pnets are somewhat understood but their molecular pathogenesis remains unknown most pnets are indolent but have malignant potential the biological behavior of an individual pnet is unpredictable higher tumor grade lymph node and CL metastasis and larger RT size generally indicate a less favorable prognosis endocrine testing imaging and histological evidence are necessary to accurately diagnose pnets a pronged aggressive treatment RPA consisting of surgery locoregional therapy systemic therapy and complication control has become popular in academic centers around the world the optimal application of the multiple systemic therapeutic modalities is under development tau safety availability and cost should be considered when treating a TPS patient the clinical presentation diagnosis and treatment of TPS types of pnets and familial pnet syndromes including the novel mahvash disease are summarized | MEDAL |
changes in the osteogenesis of diabetic rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells bmscs by the regulation of lnkstem cell factor scfckit signaling were investigated | MEDAL |
the effects of an insulinlike growth factorbinding protein igfbp on rat follicular function were examined by using the technique of ovarian intrabursal ib injection immature female rats were injected with iu of ecg followed immediately with ib i.v. of micrograms igfbp right ovary and VH left ovary fortyeight hours later the same animals were either killed ecgtreated group or injected with microgram of hcg as an ovulatory stimulus these animals were killed h later ecghcgtreated group intrabursal administration of igfbp inhibited ovulations in the ecghcgtreated rats by when compared with the contralateral vehicletreated ovary p examination of the ovaries exposed to igfbp revealed the presence of unruptured follicles containing a matured oocyte and a disintegrated basement membrane in addition to normal follicles and corpora lutea in contrast ib i.t. of igfbp had no effect on ovarian weights or circulating estradiol concentrations in the ecgtreated animals and the ovaries appeared to be morphologically normal ligand blotting experiments using ilabeled insulinlike growth factor i revealed that granulosa cells obtained from both untreated and ecgtreated rats synthesized and secreted two igfbps of mr and equine chorionic gonadotropin treatment reduced the amount of the mr form of igfbp these data suggest that locally produced ovarian igfbps may modulate follicle functions in vivo | MEDAL |
we now report a solidphase assay for cmpneuac galbetaglcnacr alphasialyltransferase alphast that is nonradioactive and allows specific ID of the sialylated product an acceptor glycoprotein desialylated fetuin is immobilized on a microtiter plate the transfer of sialic acid from cmpneuac generates the product neuac alphagal betaglcnacr that is specifically bound by biotinylated maackia amurensis leukoagglutinin mal the binding of biotinylated mal is measured with either an absorbancebased reagent SA conjugated to alkaline phosphatase or a lightbased reagent streptavidin conjugated to the bioluminescent protein aequorin aqualite the rat liver alphast was used to optimize the assay the formation of product is linear with respect to time and dependence on the amounts of cmpneuac enzyme and acceptor coated on the plates as little as microu of enzyme can be measured using the streptavidinaequorin reagent the CA is useful with crude tissue extracts as demonstrated by the determination of the alphast activity in human SS and in microsomes of hl and CHO-K1 | MEDAL |
recently it has been shown that longterm intensive exercise practice is able to induce myocardial fibrosis in an animal model angiotensin ii is a profibrotic hormone that could be involved in the cardiac CR resulting from endurance exercise | MEDAL |
an analysis of inhibitory anergic SS and noninhibitory control serum was done to determine the estimated molecular weights mol wts of the inhibitors of polymorphonuclear PMNL pmn chemotaxis serum from reactive controls with no native inhibitors pmn CTX micrometers showed marked inhibition pmn CTX micrometers after threefold concentration through a semipermeable membrane that retained all proteins mol wts less than daltons further concentration of the eluate through a membrane that retained all proteins mol wts greater than daltons showed extreme inhibition by this fraction pmn CTX micrometers fractionating column chromatography sephadex g of this concentrate showed most of tarly from a mean of to g at term and corresponded closely with postmortem left ventricular weight we conclude that fetal cardiac chamber dimensions wall thicknesses and left VVI mass increased with gestational age cardiac architecture in terms of the ratios of right ventricularleft VVI diameters left atrialaortic diameters and relative wall thickness remained constant RA and left ventricular fractional shortening did not change with age left VVI mass assessed echocardiographically corresponded closely with postmortem left ventricular weights in fetal NF of similar GAs and the similarities between right and left ventricular sizes wall thicknesses and free wall weights in this study do not support the theory of right ventricular dominance in the human fetus | MEDAL |
AMG inhibits the synthesis of oestrogens in adrenal and nonadrenal tissues and can be successfully used in the treatment of advanced breast cancer in this article a case with AA a rare but severe side effect of aminoglutethimide is reported | MEDAL |
whereas extensive neuroscientific and behavioral evidence has confirmed a role of auditoryvisual integration in representing space little is known about the role of auditoryvisual integration in object perception although recent neuroimaging results suggest integrated auditoryvisual object representations substantiating behavioral evidence has been lacking we demonstrated AV integration in the perception of face gender by using pure tones that are processed in lowlevel auditory BB areas and that lack the spectral components that characterize human vocalization when androgynous faces were presented together with pure tones in the male fundamentalspeakingfrequency range faces were more likely to be judged as male whereas when faces were presented with pure tones in the female fundamentalspeakingfrequency range they were more likely to be judged as female importantly when participants were explicitly asked to attribute gender to these pure tones their judgments were primarily based on relative pitch and were uncorrelated with the male and female fundamentalspeakingfrequency ranges this perceptual dissociation of absolutefrequencybased crossmodalintegration effects from relativepitchbased explicit perception of the tones provides evidence for a SI of auditory and visual signals in representing human gender this integration probably develops because of concurrent neural processing of visual and auditory features of gender | MEDAL |
the quantification of monosaccharides and disaccharides used as probes in intestinal CF and permeability tests can be technically demanding detracting from the value of this approach to the indirect assessment of intestinal damage in this T0 a procedure is described for the simultaneous quantification of rha lactulose omethyldglucose and xylose in urine by hplc using an AE column with pulsed amperometric detection this method is relatively fast and simple to perform requiring no pretreatment of urine samples or postcolumn derivatization accuracy and precision of determinations are illustrated by analytical recoveries mean percentage sd cv n for multiple batch analyses of a diluted urine sample containing mgl of rha lactulose omethyldglucose and xylose linearity of standard curves indicated that the lower limit for accurate quantification was mgl for all four sugars urinary recoveries following p.o. of these sugars to control dogs were determined as a baseline for the investigation of intestinal damage in this species and comparison of chromatograms illustrated enhanced permeability in dogs with glutensensitive enteropathy | MEDAL |
a signal amplification strategy based on biobarcode functionalized magnetic NPs as labels holds promise to improve the sensitivity and detection limit of the PCD of dna hybridization and singlenucleotide polymorphisms by flow i.t. chemiluminescence assays | MEDAL |
the in vitro activity of ceftizoxime was compared with that of other betalactam antibiotics against aminoglycoside agresistant clinical isolates two hundred and six agresistant betalactamase producing rplasmid harbouring enterobacteriaceae strains had mics ranging from to mgl agresistant escherichia coli strains and klebsiella pneumoniae had mic values of mgl proteus rettgeri and p vulgaris as well as morganella morganii resistant to several ags had mics ranging from to mgml against all six isolates of agresistant salmonella enteritidis the mic was mgl twentyseven strains of serratia marcescens most of which were resistant to betalactam and ag antibiotics had mics ranging from to mgl the agresistant strains of enterobacteriaceae producing several agmodifying enzymes aac aac aac aph showed mics ranging from to mgl against agresistant strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa producing aac aac and aph enzymes the mics ranged from to mgl in conclusion ceftizoxime was equally or more active than CTX cefoperazone ceftazidime and moxalactam against agresistant e coli klebsiella morganella proteus serratia salmonella and rplasmid harbouring enterobacteriaceae ceftizoxime was less active than CTX moxalactam and ceftazidime against p aeruginosa | MEDAL |
cardiovascular complications are the main cause of death in people with diabetes early asymptomatic changes are due to ANS dysfunction which if identified can lead to improved health this T0 used detrended fluctuation analysis to identify changes in HRV hrv associated with shorttime ECG ecg recordings the aim of the study was to determine whether HR rate variability analysis on short ecg recordings has the potential to be a useful adjunct to clinical practice | MEDAL |
the ab adenosine receptor abr mediates biological responses to extracellular adenosine in a wide variety of cell types adenosine deaminase ada can degrade adenosine and bind extracellularly to adenosine receptors adenosine modulates chloride secretion in gastric PG and GM parietal cells a close PET link between surface abr and ada has been found on cells of the IS but whether this occurs in the gastrointestinal tract is unknown the goal of this T0 was to determine whether abr and ada are coexpressed at the BPM of the acidsecreting gastric mucosa parietal cells we used isolated gastric parietal cells after purification by CE the membrane fraction was obtained by sucrose gradient centrifugation abr mrna expression was analyzed by rtpcr the surface expression of abr and ada proteins was evaluated by western blotting flow cytometry and confocal microscopy our findings demonstrate that abr and ada are expressed in cell membranes isolated from gastric parietal cells they show a high degree of colocalization that is particularly evident in the surface of contact between parietal cells the confocal microscopy data together with FC analysis suggest a tight association between abr and ada that might be specifically linked to glandular secretory CF | MEDAL |
we recently reported the preparation and in vitro targeting of dextran magnetite dmincorporated thermosensitive liposomes namely thermosensitive magnetoliposomes tms viroonchatapan et al pharm res the current T0 was designed to determine whether these novel liposomes can be targeted to the mouse liver with the aid of an extracorporeal magnet an online liver perfusion system consisting primarily of a sample injector permanent magnets and a fluorescence detector was established for a RT measurement of targeting efficiency of tms containing calcein as a FL marker normal and reticuloendothelial system resblocked livers from mice were used for the perfusion experiments in the resblocked livers percentage holdings of tms were and in the presence and absence of magnetic field respectively indicating an efficient targeting of tms with a targeting advantage index tai of on the other hand tai in the normal livers was found to be and less than that in the resblocked livers suggesting a role of res uptake of tms the effects of dm concentrations in tm suspensions on the percentage holding of tms were shown to be minor liposome concentration dependence was observed for hepatic uptake of tms possibly because of the saturation of phagocytosis by kupffer cells the present results suggest that tms would be useful in future cancer treatment by magnetic targeting combined with drug PR in response to hyperthermia | MEDAL |
the improvement of GS over the past decade has mainly been due to the OD of more highly specific IS agents such as cyclosporine csa and fk csa and fk inhibit t cell activation by interfering with the calciummediated pathway one of two pathways needed for t cell activation the other pathway mediated by protein kinase c pkc is not currently a target of any clinically used IS agent the purpose of this study was to assess the IS properties of ro a member of a new family of potent and selective pkc inhibitors peripheral blood MNC cells were isolated from the blood of normal human donors and utilized in a series of standard immunological assays three discrete activation events were inhibited by ro mitogeninduced interleukin il production ic nm ildependent t lymphoblast proliferation ic nm and ilralpha cd expression control cells were cd MFI nmtreated cells were cd mean fluorescence intensity noninhibitory doses of csa nm or fk nm suppressed mitogeninduced il production by when combined with a noninhibitory dose nm of ro indicating the potent synergy between these agents the ability of ro to inhibit both early and VLA events and to synergize with csafk suggests that this family of EDC has great potential as immunosuppressive agents and as probes with which to elucidate the role of pkc in t cell activation | MEDAL |
there is no consensus on whether the seminal LDV should be included in the clinical target volume ctv for radiotherapy of localized prostate cancer to inform the debate we have undertaken a dosevolume histogram dvh analysis of the seminal vesicles in patients treated with escalated dose conformal radiation to prostate alone | MEDAL |
alpine skiing requires aerobic and anaerobic power muscular strength and a variety of complex motor abilities including quickness agility balance and coordination there is evidence of variability in PCS characteristics between skiers of different events generally successful alpine competitors are taller and heavier than in the past greater size specifically lean mass may be related to technique changes because of the advent of breakaway poles aerobic power although important does not discriminate competitors of varying ability categories aerobic SP is more likely to be a result of conditioning for alpine skiing rather than a profound requirement of the sport anaerobic power is important for skiing and both laboratory and field power tests correlate well with performance tests that measure explosive and sustained anaerobic power such as the wingate vertical jump second repeated jump and margariakalamen stair run are valuable in assessing skiers onsnow lactate and oxygen consumption measurements further substantiate the need for high anaerobic power alpine skiers have very high leg strength compared with other athletes isokinetic testing has been used to evaluate dynamic leg strength in skiers but little is known about high speed dynamic or eccentric strength capabilities a new mechanism of knee injury that is associated with tibial acceleration has been identified in competitive alpine skiers a PR IB that is sensitive to physiological AF in addition to release forces should be developed strength profiling of skiers may also be valuable in evaluating injury risk | MEDAL |
by analogy with the MM of pristaneinduced mouse plasmacytomas we have wondered about the putative role of prostaglandin e pge in the human multiple myeloma mm cytokine network involving interleukin il and interleukin il as essential myeloma cell growth AF and inducing cofactors respectively we shg cardiopulmonary bypass | MEDAL |
carotid artery disease cad comprising highgrade internal carotid artery stenosis cas or carotid artery occlusion cao may lead to ipsilateral impaired CBF blood flow and reduced retinal blood supply | MEDAL |
the united states pediatric population with chronic health conditions is expanding currently this demographic comprises of the american child and youth population affected children often receive fragmented uncoordinated care overall the american health care delivery system produces modest outcomes for this population poor uninsured and minority children may be at increased risk for inferior coordination of services further the united states health care delivery system is primarily organized for the diagnosis and treatment of acute conditions for pediatric patients with chronic health conditions the typical acute problemoriented visit actually serves as a barrier to care the biomedical model of patient education prevails characterized by unilateral transfer of medical information however the evidence basis for improvement in disease outcomes supports the use of the chronic care MM initially proposed by dr edward wagner six interrelated elements distinguish the success of the chronic care model which include selfmanagement support and care coordination by a prepared proactive team united states health care lacks a coherent policy direction for the management of high cost chronic conditions including RD a fundamental restructure of united states health care delivery must urgently occur which places the patient at the center of care for the pediatric rheumatology workforce reimbursement policies and the actions of health plans and insurers are consistent barriers to chronic disease improvement united states reimbursement policy and overall fragmentation of health care services pose TPS challenges for widespread implementation of the CCM teambased multidisciplinary care care coordination and selfmanagement are integral to improve outcomes pediatric rheumatology demand in the united states far exceeds available workforce supply this article reviews the career choice decisionmaking process at each medical trainee level to determine best recruitment strategies educational debt is an unexpectedly minor determinant for pediatric residents and subspecialty fellows a twoyear fellowship training option may retain the mandatory scholarship component and attract an increasing number of candidate trainees diversity worklife balance scheduling flexibility to accommodate parttime employment and reform of conditions for academic promotion all need to be addressed to ensure future growth of the pediatric rheumatology workforce | MEDAL |
administration of testosterone inhibits gonadotrophin secretion and spermatogenesis in men but the degree of response is highly variable this treatment also stimulates prolactin itself a progonadal hormone in animals this study investigated whether concomitant suppression of prolactin prl with the nonergot dopamine IL-1ra quinagolide q would enhance the efficacy of testosterone in its inhibition of spermatogenesis in healthy eugonadal men | MEDAL |
the use of a ventriculoperitoneal vp shunt to treat uncontrollable intracranial hypertension in patients with cryptococcal meningitis without HC is somewhat unusual and still largely unreported however uncontrollable intracranial hypertension without HC in these patients is a potentially lifethreatening condition early diagnosis and shunt placement are essential to improve survival and neurological function we report uncontrollable intracranial hypertension without HC in a yearold woman which was successfully managed by vp shunt placement | MEDAL |
complexation of benznidazole bzl a drug of choice for the treatment of chagasneglected disease with cyclodextrin cd derivatives was analyzed by solidstate nmr c cross polarizationmagic angle spinning spectra were recorded from bzl and from bzlβcd bzlmethyl βcd and bzlhydroxypropyl βcd complexes which were obtained by the solvent evaporation technique no significant evidence was obtained on bzl inclusion complexes involving either βcd or hydroxypropyl βcd conversely bzlmethyl βcd displayed bzl resonances characteristic of an amorphous drug and data analysis confirmed the presence of SD bzlmethyl βcd inclusion complexes with benzene encapsulated into the host cavity further evidences on complex structure and dynamics were obtained from proton and carbon spinlattice relaxation times in the rotating frame these data are consistent with a common guesthost spin reservoir the bzl interaction with methyl βcd provided a route to stabilize amorphous bzl physical mixtures with MZ bzl and cd compositions were also studied for comparison | MEDAL |
the rate of po and pb atoms collected electrostatically inside an environmental gammaray and rn detector egard was measured these measurements were used to directly infer the charged fraction of po and to calculate the charged fraction of pb thirtytwo percent of the po was collected electrostatically using approximately v on a cm diameter mylar covered disc inside a vented a egard of l volume about of the pb is collected electrostatically under the same conditions the measurements were performed in a calibrated rn test chamber at the environmental measurements laboratory eml using the thomas alphacounting method with rn concentrations averaging about bq m the atomic collection rates were used with other measured quantities to calculate the thermoluminescent dosimeter tld signal acquired from egard for SE to bq m of rn the calculations account for rn progeny collection using a teflon electret and alpha and beta PCD using tlds inside egard the measured quantities include the energies of po and po alphaparticles degraded by passage through the microns thick electret the tld responses to these alpha and betaparticles with an average energy approaching that obtained from the combined spectra of pb and bi were also measured the calculated calibration factor is within of the value obtained by exposing egard to a known concentration of rn this result supports our charged fraction estimates for po and pb | MEDAL |
tetrahydron ndimethyl diphenylfuranmethanamine hydrochloride anavex binds to muscarinic acetylcholine and sigma Ï receptors with affinities in the low micromolar range we characterized its antiamnesic and neuroprotective potentials in pharmacological and pathological amnesia models SWM was evaluated using SA in the ymaze and nonspatial SM using PA procedures anavex mgkg ip alleviated the scopolamine and dizocilpineinduced learning impairments anavex µgkg also reversed the learning deficits in mice injected with aβ peptide a nontransgenic alzheimers disease model when the drug was injected simultaneously with aβ days before the tests it blocked the appearance of learning impairments this protective activity was confirmed since anavex blocked the aβinduced oxidative AS in the hippocampus this effect was differentially sensitive to the muscarinic receptor SCO or the Ï protein antagonist bd confirming the mixed muscarinicÏ pharmacological action finally its unique demethyl metabolite anavex was also effective and anavex presented a longer duration of action ERP h before aβ than its related compound anavex the neuroprotective activity of anavex its mixed ed placenta categories these results confirm the predictive value of placental histology for the presence or absence of elevated inflammatory response in newborns | MEDAL |
fecal carriage of extendedspectrum betalactamase esblproducing organisms was assessed in inpatients outpatients and asymptomatic HI of stool samples cultured yielded esblproducing organisms isolates were recovered from of the inpatients of the outpatients and of the healthy individuals these findings suggest that the community could be a reservoir of esblproducing organisms | MEDAL |
daily intravenous i.t. of nmolkg dsip delta sleepinducing peptide in rats under LL produced marked changes of their motor activity as compared to saline controls similar marked but distinctly different effects on the circadian DP of locomotor behavior partially abolished by constant illumination were also obtained T3 repeated administration of nmolkg dsipp the phosphorylated analogue of dsip which enhanced overall MA in both instances the results additionally differed from those reported for a normal hr L/D cycle the present results support the hypothesis that dsip might primarily act by influencing circadian rhythmicity | MEDAL |
avulsion of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon with fracture of the distal phalanx is rare moreover enchondroma is less frequent in the distal phalanx we report two unusual cases of avulsion of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon at its IS in combination with pathological fracture of the distal phalanx due to enchondroma curettage and bone grafting were performed for an enchondroma of the distal phalanx the flexor digitorum profundus tendon and the avulsed bone fragment were reinserted through the bone VG into the distal phalanx using the pullout technique with stricklands criteria the clinical results were evaluated as excellent in both cases at the final followup examinations there were no PS and no recurrence of the bone tumor in the present cases threedimensional computed tomography imaging was useful for diagnosing the flexor tendon avulsion determining the preoperative identification the location of a ruptured tendon stump and planning the operation to minimize the surgical wound the recommended treatment for avulsion of the fdp tendon due to enchondroma is curettage bone grafting of the resultant cavity and reattachment of the tendon to ensure sufficient structural strength to permit secure fixation and early mobilization and especially to prevent flexion contracture of the finger because the stump of the flexor digitorum profundus is buried in the cavity of the distal phalanx | MEDAL |
renal responses to lowdose infusion of angiotensin ii angii and ngkg min were examined in patients with type diabetes and in control subjects T3 pretreatment with lithium carbonate mg mmol mean arterial pressure rose during angii infusion in both CG the renal haemodynamic response to angiotensin ii was not abnormal in the diabetic patients absolute proximal reabsorption of sodium was increased at baseline in the diabetic group and fell during angii fractional lithium excretion was reduced in the diabetic patients at baseline p and the fall in FELi during angii was less than in the control group p in the diabetic group correlations existed between glycated haemoglobin and baseline glomerular filtration rate p baseline fractional lithium excretion p and the fall in fractional lithium excretion during angiotensin ii infusion p there was no correlation between glycated haemoglobin and absolute CLi some indices of sodium reabsorption by the PT renal tubule in diabetic patients correlate with prevailing chronic glycaemic control largely reflecting changes in glomerular filtration rate reduced fractional proximal tubular responsiveness to exogenous angiotensin ii is consistent with a role for endogenous angiotensin ii as one mediator of increased tubular reabsorption of sodium in type diabetes but the data does not exclude alternative mechanisms | MEDAL |
estrogen receptor content of cell lines from nonmalignant human breast tissues was determined by an immunocytochemical assay using the abbott erica monoclonal kit the results were in accordance with those obtained by the conventional radiochemical dcc CA primary cultures of breast tissues are suggested as an important field for in situ application of the erica | MEDAL |
identifying those children with complicated forms of diarrheaassociated hemolytic uremic syndrome dhus on admission can optimize their management recently the blood urea nitrogen to serum creatinine ratio bcr at admission has been proposed as a novel and accurate predictor of complicated clinical outcome in dhus therefore we performed this retrospective study aimed to validate such observation in a larger series of patients a complicated course was defined as developing one or more of the following severe neurological or bowel injury one cardiac or pulmonary involvement hemodynamic instability hemorrhage and death data from children were reviewed of them with a complicated disease including five deaths those with worse evolution presented a lower admission bcr than those with good outcome vs p bcr at admission showed a limited ability to identify children at risk of a complicated course with an auc of ci and an optimal cutoff point of ⤠which achieves a sensitivity of ci and a specificity of ci | MEDAL |
since CCT may inversely influence the amount and rate of progression of glaucomatous optic nerve damage and because lamina cribrosa thickness may be of importance in susceptibility to glaucoma it was the purpose of the present T0 to evaluate whether CCT is related to lamina cribrosa thickness | MEDAL |
the mouse MTV mmtv contains sequences in its PT promoter region to which both glucocorticoid and progesterone receptors can bind in transient transfection experiments both hormones are able to stimulate transcription from reporter plasmids containing either native or consensus hormone response elements glucocorticoid response elementprogesterone response element previous experiments have demonstrated that the mmtv long terminal repeat is reproducibly assembled into a phased array of nucleosomes when stably introduced into cells stimulation by glucocorticoids of endogenous templates led to a rapid but transient increase in cap and mrna accumulation that can be correlated with increased sensitivity to restriction enzymes in contrast experiments using progesterone or a truncated glucocorticoid receptor failed to elicit a similar increase in mrna levels as dexamethasone from stable chromatin templates in an attempt to understand this differential response we have compared the responsiveness of the mmtv promoter to glucocorticoids and progesterone when it is organized in either stable chromatin or in transiently acquired plasmids our results demonstrate that the native chromatin structure prevents activation of this locus by progesterone but permits stimulation by GCs | MEDAL |
platelet aggregation is currently felt to play an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic vascular disorders the smooth muscle relaxant nitroglycerin has been shown to inhibit platelet aggregation in vitro but at concentrations that were felt to be unattainable in vivo because the in vivo action of nitroglycerin on smooth muscle cells has been shown to depend on the presence of reduced cytosolic sulfhydryl groups the inhibitory effect of nitroglycerin on PLT aggregation was examined in the presence of the reduced thiol NAC millimolar concentrations of nacetylcysteine potentiated markedly the inhibitory effect of nitroglycerin on platelet aggregation induced by adp epinephrine collagen and arachidonate decreasing the inhibitory concentration ic approximately fold for each of these agents other guanylate cyclase activators inhibited adpinduced aggregation similarly and this inhibition was likewise potentiated by nacetylcysteine platelet cGMP content increased fivefold in the presence of nitroglycerin and nacetylcysteine min before maximal inhibition of adpinduced aggregation was achieved while simultaneously measured cAMP did not change relative to baseline levels in the absence of nacetylcysteine nitroglycerin induced a marked decrease in plateletreduced glutathione content as snitrosothiol adducts were produced the synthetic snitrosothiol snitrosonacetylcysteine markedly inhibited PLT aggregation with an ic of nm these data show that NAC markedly potentiates the inhibition of platelet aggregation by nitroglycerin and likely does so by inducing the formation of an snitrosothiol adducts which activate guanylate cyclase | MEDAL |
expression of vimentin and the EMT emt markers EC βcatenin is essential for the progression of various human cancers our study aimed to investigate the aberrant localization ecadherin βcatenin and vimentin and their prognostic significance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc patients by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence our results showed that both membranous and cytoplasmic localization of EC IF were associated with CL node metastasis p and respectively and clinical stage p and respectively high cytoplasmic βcatenin correlated significantly with larger RT size p CL node metastasis p and advanced clinical stage p however no significant difference was observed between membranous βcatenin and clinicopathologic features p ⥠high nuclear vimentin expression correlated significantly with positive lymph node metastasis p and advanced clinical stage p multivariate analysis showed that nuclear vimentin and cytoplasmic ecadherin were independent prognostic factors p and respectively as well as m classification p more importantly patients with high coexpression of nuclear vimentin and cytoplasmic EC had shorter survival time p furthermore high coexpression of these two proteins was closely associated with lymph node metastasis p and T3 clinical stage p our studies provide convincing evidence that emt may play an important role in the biological progression of npc and nuclear vimentin and cytoplasmic ecadherin might have independent prognostic value in npc patients and serve as novel targets for prognostic therapeutics | MEDAL |
although evidence is emerging that the prevalence of helicobacter pylori h pylori is declining in all age CG the understanding of its disease spectrum continues to evolve if untreated h pylori infection is lifelong although h pylori typically colonizes the human stomach for many decades without adverse consequences children infected with h pylori can manifest gastrointestinal diseases controversy persists regarding testing and treating for h pylori infection in children with recurrent abdominal pain chronic ITP and poor growth there is evidence of the role of h pylori in childhood iron deficiency anemia but the results are not conclusive the possibility of an inverse relationship between h pylori and GE reflux disease as well as childhood asthma remains a controversial question a better understanding of the h pylori disease spectrum in childhood should lead to clearer recommendations about testing for and treating h pylori infection in children who are more likely to develop clinical sequelae | MEDAL |
seawater ph is among the environmental factors controlling the performance of marine organisms especially in calcifying marine invertebrates however changes in noncalcifying organisms including polychaetes may also occur due to ph decrease polychaetes are often the most abundant group of organisms in estuarine systems representing an important ecological and economic resource thus the present study aimed to evaluate the impacts of seawater acidification in the polychaete hediste diversicolor a species commonly used as bioindicator for this organisms were exposed to different ph C2 and during days and several PSA markers were measured the results obtained demonstrated that ph decrease negatively affected osmotic regulation and polychaetes metabolism with individuals under low ph and presenting higher carbonic anhydrase activity lower energy reserves protein and glycogen content and higher metabolic rate measured as electron transport system activity the increase on ca activity was associated to organisms osmoregulation capacity while the increase on ets and decrease on SE reserves was associated to the polychaetes capacity to develop defense mechanisms eg antioxidant defenses in fact despite having observed higher lipid peroxidation at ph in polychaetes at the lowest tested ph lpo levels were similar to values recorded in individuals under control ph such findings may result from higher antioxidant enzyme activity at the lowest tested ph which prevented organisms from higher oxidative stress C2 overall our study demonstrated how polychaetes may respond to nearfuture ocean acidification conditions exhibiting the capacity to develop biochemical strategies which will prevent organisms from lethal injuries such defense strategies will contribute for polychaetes populations maintenance and survival under predicted seawater acidification scenarios | MEDAL |
the effects of nm uvirradiation of tobacco mosaic virus tmv and potato virus x pvx rna S9 on the rna ability to selfassembly in vitro with the viral coat proteins were studied it was found that while tmv rna ability to assemble with the rat protein is rapidly inactivated by the uvirradiation pvx rna ability to be encapsidated by the pvx coat protein is quite resistant to the irradiation more than that the irradiation of tmv rna with the dose strongly inhibiting its assembly with the rat protein did not result in any significant inhibition of this rna ability to be coated with the pvx protein the results testify to the profound differences in the mechanisms of RNP interactions in the processes of selfassembly in vitro of tobamoviruses and potexviruses | MEDAL |
the dna distribution has been investigated in biopsies from human bladder carcinomas by means of flow cytometry fcm the fcm analysis was based on a preparation method yielding a suspension of single cell nuclei biopsies from patients were analysed the results demonstrate a rho between the degree of cellular anaplasia and the occurrence of cell populations with increased dna content in the tumours cells with 2C dna content constituted more than of welldifferentiated tumours and normal bladder mucosa cell populations with aneuploid dna content occurred in almost all biopsies with cellular anaplasia estimated as grades ii and iii by microscopic examination the results indicate that fcm analysis may be a valuable adjunct to histology the possible prognostic significance of altered dna distribution in bladder tumours is discussed | MEDAL |
ctype natriuretic peptide cnp is a recently described endotheliumderived relaxing factor cnp relaxes vascular smooth muscle and inhibits smooth muscle proliferation by binding to NPR-A npr type b nprb and producing cgmp lung parenchyma and fifthgeneration pulmonary arteries pa and veins pv were isolated from lategestation fetal lambs all three types of npr mrna were detected in pa and pv by rtpcr cnp and nprb immunostaining was positive in pulmonary vascular EC and medial smooth muscle cnp concentrationresponse curves of pa and pv were compared with those of atrial natriuretic peptide anp by use of standard tissue bath techniques cnp relaxed pv significantly better than pa anp relaxed pa and pv equally but anp relaxed pa significantly better than cnp pretreating pa and pv with NPR-A blocker hs or cgmpdependent protein kinase inhibitor rpbetaphenyl nethenobromoguanosine cyclic monophosphorothionate significantly inhibited the cnp EC50 response indicating that the response was mediated through the nprcgmp pathway we conclude that cnp is important in mediating PV tone in the fetus | MEDAL |
it is now recognized that the BB contains an autonomous angiotensin ag system including the aminopeptidases a and n required for angiotensin metabolism using immunohistochemical techniques we show that capillary pericytes and periendothelial cells of other vessels express aminopeptidase a apa and aminopeptidase n apn at their BPM in AD mouse brain parenchyma we therefore investigated the localization of angiotensin iiiii known as putative substrates for these enzymes as well as that of their F0 angiotensin i we report here the presence of immunoreactivity to angiotensin i and iiiii around most BB vessels angiotensins are present at the plasma membrane of BB parenchymal cells presumably perivascular astrocytes which are also immunoreactive to atreceptor antibodies the very close relationship between agiiiii and their metabolizing enzymes apa and apn suggests a TPS functional role for brain perivascular angiotensins | MEDAL |
a facile atmospheric pressure cold plasma process is presented to deposit a novel organicinorganic hydrocarbon polymerzno nanoparticles nanocomposite coating specifically this method involves the utilization of an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge dbd fed with helium and the aerosol of a dispersion of oleatecapped zno nanoparticles nps in noctane as assessed by xray photoelectron spectroscopy xps and att total reflectancefourier transform infrared atrftir spectroscopy the deposited nanocomposite coating combines the chemical features of both the oleatecapped zno nps and the polyethylenelike organic component originated from the plasma polymerization of noctane additionally scanning electron microscopy sem and transmission SEM microscopy tsem confirm the synthesis of hierarchical micronanostructured coatings containing quasispherical nps agglomerates the polyethylenelike polymer covers the nps agglomerates to different extents and contributes to their immobilization in the threedimensional network of the coating the increase of both the deposition time min and the nps concentration in the dispersion wt has a significant effect on the chemical and morphological structure of the thin films and in fact results in the increase the zno nps content which ultimately leads to superhydrophobic surfaces advancing and receding water theta higher than ° with low hysteresis due to the hierarchical multiscale roughness of the coating | MEDAL |
the AD changes in thought act T0 is a longitudinal populationbased prospective cohort study of brain aging and incident dementia in the seattle metropolitan area observational studies using autopsies from act indicate that dementia is a convergent syndrome that commonly derives from alzheimers disease ad microvascular brain injury mvbi and lewy body disease lbd and that these diseases have prevalent subclinical forms that also are commonly comorbid the existence of subclinical diseases highlights potential opportunities to intervene before the OD of clinically apparent impairments our observations suggest that some such interventions already may exist to suppress processes of ad statin therapy or mvbi treatment of hypertension reduced burden of lbd is associated with CS although smoking is not recommended as an MI these SE data may provide clues to alternative neuroprotective mechanisms self reported antioxidant supplementation was without apparent effect in this cohort on indices of ad mvbi or lbd continued observational studies of brain aging will provide further insight into the convergent complexity of the dementia syndrome and its subclinical forms as well as highlight potential interventions that will require validation in PCTs | MEDAL |
in vitro excystation is commonly used to determine the viability of samples of purified cryptosporidium parvum oocysts following SE to conditions that stimulate excystation samples are examined microscopically to determine the number of excysted oocysts the microscopy procedure is tedious and time consuming and difficult to apply to most oocyst samples without a purification step a simple flow cytometric method was developed for determining the numbers of oocysts that had excysted following the in vitro excystation procedure differences in lightscatter properties were used to differentiate IN partially empty and empty oocysts by IF samples with a monoclonal antibody TPS to the oocyst wall it was possible to apply the technique to unpurified oocysts from faeces correlation of the flow cytometric and microscopic method was statistically significant p resulting in a calculated rho coefficient of the flow cytometry method is faster and more sensitive than the microscopy procedure and enables analysis of C1 numbers of samples and of many thousands of oocysts in each sample | MEDAL |
the aims of this study were to determine the types of chronicstage eeg CA that exist and to clarify their relation to neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants we evaluated PT infants with gestational ages of less than weeks mean age weeks and weighing less than g mean weight g the first eeg was performed within hours of life thereafter eeg was performed once every to weeks until the infant reached a postconceptional age of to weeks two kinds of eeg abnormalities acute and chronicstage CA were evaluated and we assessed mainly the latter chronicstage eeg CA were divided into two patterns disorganized and dysmature PVL pvl and intraventricular haemorrhage ivh were diagnosed on the basis of ultrasound findings psychomotor development was examined every months after discharge until at least months of the infants QTc age disorganized and dysmature patterns were observed in and infants respectively among the infants with disorganized patterns pvl was observed in and ivh in seven infants thirtynine infants had CP cp twentysix achieved normal cognitive OD of the infants with dysmature patterns pvl was seen in one and ivh in infants cp was seen in five infants only eight infants achieved normal cognitive OD gestational age and BW were significantly lower in infants with dysmature patterns than in those with disorganized ones results indicate that types of chronicstage eeg abnormalities are related to types of neurological sequelae and are useful for assessing the mode of brain injury in PT infants | MEDAL |
particular atherosclerotic risk factors may differ in their association with atherosclerosis across vascular territories few studies have compared the associations between multiple risk factors and cardiovascular disease cvd manifestations in one population we studied the strength of the associations between traditional risk AF including PD disease cad ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke abdominal aortic aneurysms aaas and PAD pad | MEDAL |
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