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survival outcomes for patients with glioblastoma gbm are universally poor with only a small percentage of patients surviving five years beyond initial diagnosis activation of the IS against tumor cells is the basis of immunotherapy and aims to facilitate longterm immune surveillance and tumor suppression cytomegalovirus cmv has emerged as an immunologic target in gbm given that RT cells have been shown to express the cmvassociated proteins ie and pp moreover vaccine therapy targeting cmv antigens has promoted improved survival outcomes with LT survivors in this report we present the case of a yearold woman with gbm who survived seven years postdiagnosis following RT resection the patient underwent concomitant radiation and temozolomide therapy that was complicated by cmv colitis and ABD abscesses despite not receiving adjuvant temozolomide the patient demonstrated a five year PFS before requiring reresection for radiation CN following reresection the patient survived for two additional years as the patients tumor stained positive for cmv antigens ie and pp it is hypothesized that she developed an immune response against cmv during REC that contributed to antitumor surveillance and prolonged survival overall this case supports further investigation into the role of cmv and immunotherapy in gbm | MEDAL |
corticotropinreleasing factor crf is an important inhibitory neuromodulator of gnrhlh secretion and mediates in part the GABA effects of AS on the hypothalamicpituitarygonadal axis the purpose of the present study was to further investigate crfs role in regulating lh secretion in primates this was accomplished by examining lh secretion in ovariectomized rhesus monkeys n following cortisol synthesis inhibition with MET infusion of MET mgkg per h for h decreased cortisol levels to less than of controls while increasing acth approximately fold lh concentrations were not affected by this acute activation of the hypothalamiccorticotroph axis in a second experiment MET was infused for h before collecting serial blood samples every min for h although this protocol produced a sustained increase in acth no apparent effect on pulsatile lh secretion compared with saline controls was observed mean lh sem levels calculated for consecutive h increments were h h and h ngml in saline pretreated animals compared with and ngml respectively in metyrapone pretreated monkeys the same regimen of MET infusion increased crf messenger rna C2 in the paraventricular nucleus by approximately p in a final experiment designed to examine the potential synergy between crf and cortisol the lh response to insulininduced hypoglycemia was contrasted in saline and MET pretreated monkeys lh concentrations were reduced to approximately of basal C2 following insulin in both metyrapone and saline pretreated monkeys therefore even though inhibition of cortisol synthesis leads to an increase in crf messenger rna in the paraventricular nucleus and a robust increase in acth secretion in rhesus monkeys presumably due in part to increased NE crf secretion lh secretion was not inhibited during either the acute or more chronic phase of corticotroph activation absence of lh inhibition was not due to low cortisol concentrations resulting from metyrapone because MET did not prevent hypoglycemiainduced suppression of lh secretion we conclude that increased NE crf secretion following metyrapone does not inhibit lh secretion under these conditions several explanations for this result are discussed | MEDAL |
the effect of fluoride varnish and solution on initial enamel erosion was studied enamel specimens prepared from human third molars were treated for h with duraphat varnish f or for h with naf solution f washed and immersed in cola beverage ph for up to min the surface microhardness was measured using a vickers diamond in a leitz indentation apparatus at baseline after fluoride treatment and after and min SE to acidic drink the specimens were then prepared and studied using a jeol jsm scanning electron microscope the results showed that both fluoride treatment caused an increase in enamel hardness values and subsequent inhibition of softening which was statistically highly significant scanning electron micrographs revealed the difficulty of removing duraphat varnish from the enamel surface and remnants of varnish were seen irrespective of vigorous sonication in acetone however in Az devoid of varnish erosion was observed as mainly irregular lesions similar to those seen in the naf solution treated and control specimens the present T0 showed that treatment of enamel with topical fluoride prior to acidic challenge can inhibit initial erosion | MEDAL |
the author investigated seizure susceptibility in monthold SD rats elderly group by kindling of the pyriform SC pc male rats mo of the same strain were used as the control group the kindling OD of the elderly group was significantly slower than that of the control group because stages and which are indicative of PS were prolonged the incidence of regression of seizure stage during the kindling process was higher in the elderly group than in the control group and respectively but not significantly in addition the elderly group showed a shorter duration of ADs ad through the kindling process and afterdischarge threshold in the pc was slightly elevated in the elderly group as compared with the control group but not significantly there were no significant differences between the two groups in the incidence of falling and in the RL for falling at the first stage seizure generalized convulsion the results indicate that the elderly group has difficulty in acquisition of epileptogenesis while there is no apparent NC in the susceptibility to generalized convulsion as compared with the control group | MEDAL |
we report an inbred family with two cases of homozygous protein c deficiency and review other such cases both patients presented in the second half of their first year of life with recurrent rapidly disappearing ecchymotic skin lesions disseminated intravascular coagulation and VT successful treatment has been achieved by frequent infusions of plasma or prothrombin complex then maintained with warfarin homozygous recessive protein c deficiency usually presents in the neonatal period with purpura fulminans two cases have been described elsewhere which presented in the second decade of life with milder symptoms the present cases appear to be intermediate in time of presentation and severity of symptoms we also review the distinction that is now evident between recessive and dominant protein c deficiency | MEDAL |
diffusionmediated changes in ion channel CF within blood vessels have not been demonstrated directly in a patchclamp study here we examined the hypothesis that endotheliumderived diffusible bioactive substances would modify endothelin etevoked membrane currents in smooth muscle cells situated within IN arterioles in pieces of arterioles dissected from the rat cerebral pial membrane patch electrodes were placed on single smooth muscle cells identified under the TSM under perforated patchclamp conditions et evoked an oscillatory inward current at negative potentials in such cells in the presence of the gap junction disrupter alphaglycyrrhetinic acid et also elicited an oscillation superimposed on a membrane depolarization in currentclamp mode the oscillatory current exhibited an outwardly rectifying currentvoltage relationship a sensitivity to NFA a requirement for inositol trisphosphate ip and caffeinesensitive ca stores and for external ca and a rank order of anion permeabilities characteristic of caactivated cl currents icacl this oscillatory response was inhibited by BK an effect distinct from the electrical propagation of hyperpolarization and this effect was attenuated by the nosynthase inhibitor nomeganitrolarginine and by the no scavenger oxyhaemoglobin but not by the cyclooxygenease inhibitor indomethacin bromoguanosine cyclic monophosphate brcgmp and nitroprusside closely mimicked the effect of bradykinin the present patchclamp T0 has revealed diffusionmediated celltocell interaction in an intact blood vessel bradykinin appears to cause no to move from endothelium to smooth muscle there to inhibit an etevoked oscillatory icacl via the nocgmp pathway | MEDAL |
the extent to which explicit and implicit stigma are endorsed by mental health practitioners using evidencebased practices is unknown the purposes of the current T0 were to a examine implicit and explicit biases among assertive community treatment act staff and b explore the extent to which biases predicted the use of treatment control mechanisms participants were act staff from nine states overall the participants exhibited positive explicit and implicit attitudes toward people with mental illness when modeled using latent AF greater implicit but not explicit bias significantly predicted greater endorsement of restrictive or controlling clinical interventions thus despite overall positive attitudes toward those with mental illness for the sample as a whole individual differences in provider stigma were related to clinical care mental health professionals and specifically act clinicians should be educated on types of bias and ways in which biases influence clinical interventions | MEDAL |
patients with intractable inflammatory bowel diseases ibd are increasingly being treated with antitumor necrosis factor tnf agents and are at increased risk of developing tuberculosis tb therefore diagnosis and treatment of latent tb infection ltbi is recommended in patients due to the initiation of antitnf therapy traditionally ltbi has been diagnosed on the basis of clinical factors and a tuberculin skin test recently interferongamma releasing assays igras that can detect tb infection have become available considering the highrisk of developing tb in patients on antitnf therapy the use of both a tuberculin skin test and an igra should be considered to detect and treat ltbi in patients with ibd due to the initiation of antitnf therapy the traditional ltbi treatment regimen has consisted of isoniazid monotherapy for months however shorter regimens such as months of rifampicin or months of isoniazidrifampicin have been used increasingly to improve treatment completion rates in this review the incidence of tb and the prevalence of ltbi in patients with ibd will be briefly described as well as methods for diagnosing latent and active tb before antitnf therapy current ltbi treatment regimens recommendations for managing tb that develops during antitnf therapy the necessity of regular monitoring to detect new tb infection and the reinitiation of antitnf therapy in patients who develop tb | MEDAL |
ERP therapeutic options for patients living with chronic pain are limited the pain relieving effect of cannabinoids remains unclear a SR of RCTs rcts examining CBs in the treatment of chronic noncancer pain was conducted according to the prisma statement update on the quorum guidelines for reporting systematic reviews that evaluate health care interventions CBs studied included smoked cannabis oromucosal extracts of cannabis based medicine nabilone dronabinol and a novel thc analogue chronic noncancer pain conditions included NP fibromyalgia rheumatoid arthritis and mixed chronic pain overall the quality of trials was excellent fifteen of the eighteen trials that met the inclusion criteria demonstrated a significant analgesic effect of cannabinoid as compared with PL and several reported significant improvements in sleep there were no serious adverse effects adverse effects most commonly reported were generally well tolerated mild to moderate in severity and led to withdrawal from the studies in only a few cases overall there is evidence that cannabinoids are safe and modestly effective in NP with preliminary evidence of efficacy in fibromyalgia and RA ICA the context of the need for additional treatments for chronic pain is reviewed further large studies of longer duration examining TPS cannabinoids in homogeneous populations are required | MEDAL |
efficient cellular uptake is crucial for the success of any drug directed towards targets inside cells peptide nucleic acid pna a dna analog with a promising potential as a genedirected drug has been shown to display slow membrane penetration in cell cultures we here used liposomes as an in vitro model of cell CM to investigate the effect on penetration of a pna molecule colvalently modified with a lipophilic group an adamantyl moiety the adamantyl att was found to increase the membranepenetration rate of pna threefold as compared to corresponding unmodified pna from the penetration behaviour of a number of small and large molecules we could conclude that passive diffusion is the mechanism for liposomemembrane passage flow linear dichroism ld of the modified pna in presence of rodshaped micelles together with octanolwater CSD experiments showed that the adamantylmodified pna is amphiphilic the driving force behind the observed increased membranepenetration rate appears to be an accumulation of the pna in the lipid double SL | MEDAL |
chronic tachycardia has been shown to cause a congestive cardiomyopathy however previous methods of evaluating ventricular CF are highly dependent on cardiac loading conditions mean velocity of fiber shortening and its relation to endsystolic wall stress ess is a preload independent index of contractility that incorporates afterload we reviewed patients aged months to years mean years with ectopic atrial tachycardia eat n permanent junctional reciprocating ART pjrt n or VVI tachycardia n who underwent nonpharmacological beta of tachycardia by RF ablation and surgically VF was evaluated by echocardiographic measurements of shortening fraction mean velocity shortening corrected for heart rate vcfc and afterload as ess contractility expressed as the stressvelocity index was determined by comparing the essvcfc relation to the predicted normal vcfc for the measured ess myocardial dysfunction was seen in patients with eat with pjrt and with IVT in patients with eat the mean heart rate in tachycardia was significantly faster in those with dysfunction than in those without dysfunction vs p of the patients with dysfunction full recovery was seen in of patients restudied T3 intervention mean weeks and the remaining patient improved markedly but did not normalize entirely dysfunction seen in of young patients with chronic ART was due to depressed MC and is generally reversible within months of definitive therapy | MEDAL |
an autopsy of a yearold japanese woman with mitochondrial cytopathy confirmed the presence of CP external ophthalmoplegia cpeo immunohistochemistry using antimitochondrial antibody was performed to observe the ultrastructure of the skeletal muscle and renal tissues the patient was born of consanguineous parents developed normally and was of average IQ at years of age the patient noticed hearing loss and subsequently over time developed a progressive generalized muscle weakness which included limitation of EM and ptosis at age a muscle biopsy was performed using the modified gomori trichrome method and demonstrated the presence of ragged red SF T3 the DUE of her results in conjunction with her clinical course she was diagnosed with cpeo RI was discovered at age and the patient died at the age of of respiratory failure caused by RM weakness and pneumonia the autopsy revealed fiber size R2 within the skeletal muscle and an antimitochondrial antibody analysis demonstrated the accumulation of mitochondria between the bundles of myofibrils as well as in subsarcolemmal locations ultrastructurally abnormal mitochondria with disoriented cristae and paracrystalline inclusions were seen although no remarkable histological changes were noted in the kidneys tubular epithelial cells exhibited accumulated abnormal mitochondria similar to those seen in the skeletal muscle because mitochondrial diseases can affect other energydependent organs in addition to the skeletal muscle immunohistochemical examinations employing an antimitochondrial antibody are useful for obtaining further ultrastructural observations that can assist in making a distinct diagnosis of this systemic disorder | MEDAL |
empty sella syndrome is an anatomoclinical condition in which the herniation of the chiasmatic cavities inside the sella turcica causes deformation of the bone and compression of the hypophysis and its peduncle often in association with neurological and endocrine PS over the past four years patients with primary ESS were studied at pisa universitys department of neurosurgery with particular emphasis on clinical and radiological pictures and hypophyseal CF pneumocisternography and computerised tomography of the cranium and cavities were used to verify the diagnosis radiology showed alterations to the sella turcica in all cases principally sellar enlargement doubled sellar floor and erosion of the clinoid processes many patients were obese hypertensives with a long history of headaches most of the women revealed amenorrhoea oligomenorrhoea or early menopause the T0 of hypothalamus and hypophysis CF shows endocrine alterations in almost all cases | MEDAL |
chondroitin sulfate cs proteoglycans cspgs are known to be primary inhibitors of neuronal regeneration at scar sites however a variety of cspgs are also involved in neuronal growth and guidance during other physiological stages sulfation patterns of cs chains influence their interactions with various growth factors in the CNS system cns thus influencing neuronal growth inhibition and pathfinding this report demonstrates the use of differentially sulfated cs chains for neuronal navigation surfaceimmobilized patterns of cs glycosaminoglycan chains were used to determine neuronal preferenous quantities such as frequency amplitude and phase of components immerse in noisy signals has been a common problem in many scientific and engineering fields such as SP systems and delivery telecommunications and acoustics for the past decades in magnetically confined fusion research extracting this sort of information from magnetic signals can be of valuable assistance in for instance FB control of detrimental magnetohydrodynamic modes and disruption avoidance mechanisms by monitoring instability growth or anticipating modelocking events this work is focused on nonlinear kalman filter based methods for tackling this problem similar methods have already proven their merits and have been successfully employed in this scientific domain in applications such as amplitude demodulation for the motional stark effect diagnostic in the course of this work three approaches are described compared and discussed using magnetic signals from the joint EU torus tokamak plasma discharges for benchmarking purposes | MEDAL |
we examined quantitatively the ventrodorsal gliding occurring along a sagittal plane in the cricothyroid articulation for this purpose we used fresh excised human larynges taken at autopsy furthermore we examined the morphology the hydroxyproline content and collagen types of the ligaments and the articular capsule of the cricothyroid articulation this articulation appeared to be a synovial joint supported by two ligaments the lateral and posterior ceratocricoid ligament and articular capsule the ligaments and the capsule contained both type i and type iii collagen fibres and they were rich in elastin fibres microns in diameter ventrodorsal gliding was generally possible when the joint was not rotated to its extremes the marked individual R2 was not essentially affected by sex or age the collagen content of the lateral ceratocricoid AL showed a statistically significant negative correlation with the gliding the articular facet of the cricoid cartilage which was not usually wellshaped limits the gliding a force of n caused on the average a NC of mm in the length of the vocal cord further research is needed to evaluate the physiological importance of these findings | MEDAL |
there is currently no consensus definition of osteopenia and osteoporosis in children according to bone mineral density bmd values measured by dual energy xray absorptiometry dxa interpretation of bmd measures must take into account the childs weight and pubertal status in children primary forms of osteoporosisjuvenile idiopathic OP and osteogenesis imperfectaare rare on the other hand the frequency of secondary OP is increasing fractures especially of the forearm are frequent in children during the peak growth period bone growth and mineralization are dissociated in consequence temporary bone fragility promotes fractures several recent studies show that children with fractures have reduced bmd and that the occurrence of fractures in children may constitute a risk factor for osteoporosis and fracture during adulthood in cases of AA osteoporosis close monitoring of the causal disease is the key element of treatment there are very few controlled studies of the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis in children | MEDAL |
sheehans syndrome ss is defined as pituitary hormone deficiency due to ischemic infarction of the pituitary gland as a result of massive postpartum uterine hemorrhage herein we aimed to investigate the roles of factor ii ga factor v ga mthfr ct and ac pai gg and tnf α g a gene polymorphisms in the etiopathogenesis of ss venous blood samples were obtained from cases with ss and healthy women standard methods were used to extract the genomic dnas factor ii ga FV ga and mthfr ct and ac polymorphisms were identified by RT pcr pai gg and tnf α g a gene polymorphisms were detected with PCR reaction pcr and restriction fragment length polymorphism rflp methods according to statistical analysis none of the polymorphisms were found to be significantly higher in the ss group compared to the control group hence we suggest that genetic AF other than factor ii factor v mthfr pai and tnf α gene polymorphisms should be researched in the etiopathogenesis of ss | MEDAL |
echocardiography provides both morphological and PET information offering a potential advantage over NM gated blood pool scans which only estimate ejection fraction this additional information may be relevant to management of patitron emission tomography pet scanners with cylindrical geometry and conventional detectors exhibit a progressive reduction in radial spatial resolution with increasing radial distance from the geometric axis of the scanner this depthofinteraction doi effect is sufficiently deleterious that many laboratories have devised novel schemes to reduce the magnitude of this effect and thereby yield pet images of greater quantitative accuracy here we examine experimentally the effects of a particular doi correction method dualscintillator phoswich detectors with pulse shape discrimination implemented in a smallanimal pet scanner by comparing the same phantom and same mouse images with and without doi correction the results suggest that even this relatively coarse twolevel estimate of radial gamma ray interaction position significantly reduces the doi parallax error this T0 also confirms two less appreciated advantages of doi correction a reduction in radial distortion and radial source displacement as a source is moved toward the edge of the field of view and a resolution improvement detectable in the CE field of view likely owing to improved spatial sampling | MEDAL |
currently circumferential resection margins crm are used as a clinical endpoint in studies on the prognosis of rectal CA although the concept of a circumferential resection margin in extraperitoneal rectal CA differs from that in intraperitoneal RC due to differences in anatomical and biologic behaviors previous reports have provided information on crm involvement in all types of rectal cancer including intraperitoneal lesions therefore the aim of this T0 was to analyze risk factors of crm involvement in extraperitoneal rectal cancer | MEDAL |
a new fluorinated silicon reagent bearing a functionalized tetrafluoroethylene fragment was prepared from two cf | MEDAL |
we present a cellular automaton ca model for simulating the complex dynamics of stock markets within this model a stock market is represented by a twodimensional lattice of which each vertex stands for a trader according to typical trading behavior in real stock markets agents of only two types are adopted fundamentalists and imitators our ca model is based on local interactions adopting simple rules for representing the SMB of traders and a simple rule for price updating this model can reproduce in a simple and robust manner the main characteristics observed in empirical financial time series heavytailed return distributions due to C1 price variations can be generated through the imitating SMB of agents in contrast to other microscopic simulation ms models our results suggest that it is not necessary to assume a certain network topology in which agents group together eg a random graph or a percolation network that is longrange interactions can emerge from local interactions volatility clustering which also leads to heavy tails seems to be related to the combined effect of a fast and a slow process the evolution of the influence of news and the evolution of agents activity respectively in a general sense these causes of heavy tails and volatility clustering appear to be common among some notable ms models that can confirm the main characteristics of financial markets | MEDAL |
GE was measured in normal and insulintreated spontaneously diabetic bb rats using the retention of an acaloric methylcellulose gel containing phenol red delivered by gavage dye content in stomachs removed T3 killing min later was determined spectroscopically and was compared to that in rats killed immediately after gavage to assess emptying diabetic rats had a markedly greater gastric emptying passed compared to normal harlan sprague dawley rats passed p and nondiabetic bb rats passed p the pancreatic betacell peptide amylin which is deficient in insulindependent diabetes mellitus dosedependently inhibited gastric emptying in both normal and diabetic rats the ed of the response in normal rats measured by PH red and novel hglucose gavage techniques was approximately microgram this dose was estimated to increase plasma amylin concentration by a mean of approximately pmoll to concentrations within the range observed in vivo it is proposed that amylin could participate in the physiological control of nutrient entry into the duodenum and that the accelerated gastric emptying seen in bb rats could be related to their lack of amylin secretion | MEDAL |
the subcellular locations of several enzymes involved in dolichyl monophosphate dolp metabolism in brain have been investigated dolichol kinase is highly EC in a heavy microsomal fraction from calf BB while of the dolp phosphatase activity was recovered with the CS microsomes lower amounts of the phosphatase activity were also found in the heavy microsomal ML and synaptic plasma MF since the light microsomal fraction also contained substantial AChE an axon plasma membrane marker an axolemmaenriched fraction was prepared from rat BB by a second procedure a comparison with microsomal and mitochondriallysosomal fractions revealed that the axolemmaenriched fraction contained the highest specific activity of dolp phosphatase indicating that the enzyme was present in the axon plasma membrane the tunicamycinsensitive udpnacetylglucosaminedolp n acetylglucosaminylphosphotransferase glucosyl phosphoryldolichol glcpdol synthase glcpdololigosaccharide glucosyltransferase and the oligosaccharyltransferase were all found predominantly in the heavy microsomes these results indicate that the enzymes responsible for the initiation and termination of biosynthesis as well as the transfer of dolichollinked oligosaccharides reside in the Rg endoplasmic reticulum er of central nervous tissue evidence that at least some dolp molecules formed by dolichol kinase are accessible to multiple GTs in the rough er of brain is also presented | MEDAL |
we evaluated the concentration of antineuronal antibodies in paired cerebrospinal fluid csf and SS samples from patients with CE and IP paraneoplastic neurological syndromes pns using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay elisa employing recombinant antineuronal antigens hud yo ri cvcrmp amphiphysin pnmama the specific antibody index ai qspecqigg was calculated to estimate specific intrathecal antibody synthesis an ai was considered as evidence of intrathecal specific antibody synthesis of patients with exclusive or predominant paraneoplastic involvement of the CNS system cns showed an ai indicating a TPS intrathecal antibody synthesis while all three patients with isolated involvement of the peripheral nervous system showed an ai all together in protein at the start of this T0 structural and mechanistic insights of the p falciparum spermidine synthase pfspdsyn were obtained utilizing MD of a homology MM based on the crystal structures of the arabidopsis thaliana and thermotoga maritima homologues our data are supported by in vitro sitedirected mutagenesis of essential residues as well as by a crystal structure of the protein that became available recently we provide for the first time dynamic evidence for the mechanism of the aminopropyltransferase action of pfspdsyn this characterization of the structural and mechanistic properties of the pfspdsyn as well as the elucidation of the AS site residues involved in ATP product and inhibitor interactions paves the way toward inhibitor selection or design of parasitespecific inhibitors | MEDAL |
iran is one of several countries that has regions of high dose NK IR two wellknown villages in the suburb of ramsar town in the caspian sea strip taleshmahaleh and chaparsar have background radiation that is times higher than normal this radiation is the result of radium and radon gas both of which are highly water soluble while people living in these regions do not suffer from any L1 health problems we decided to study the their immune responses to infectionis are not understood this T0 investigated the role of interleukinbeta in the expression of fos a marker of neuronal activation and hyperalgesia caused by injecting CR freunds adjuvant into one hind paw of the rat interleukinreceptor antagonist interleukinra mgrat was given intrathecally twice h before complete freunds adjuvant and immediately before CFA i.t. to block interleukinbeta action fos expression was measured h after CFA i.t. paw withdrawal latency was used to assess hyperalgesia the findings were that interleukinra inhibited inflammationinduced fos expression and hyperalgesia which suggests that endogenous interleukinbeta facilitates transmission of noxious messages at the spinal level by processes involving an enhanced fos expression | MEDAL |
photosynthetic organisms have developed various photoprotective mechanisms to cope with SE to HL intensities in photosynthetic dinoflagellates that live in symbiosis with cnidarians the nature and relative amplitude of these regulatory mechanisms are a matter of debate in our study the amplitude of photosynthetic alternative electron flows aef to oxygen chlororespiration mehler reaction the mitochondrial QO2 and the photosystem i psi cyclic electron flow were investigated in strains belonging to three clades a b and f of symbiodinium cultured symbiodinium strains were maintained under identical environmental conditions and measurements of oxygen evolution fluorescence emission and absorption changes at TPS wavelengths were used to evaluate psi and psii electron transfer rates etr a CS and o dependent etr was observed in all strains this electron transfer chain involves psii and psi and is insensitive to inhibitors of mitochondrial activity and carbon fixation we demonstrate that in all strains the mehler reaction responsible for photoreduction of oxygen by the psi under high light is the main aef at the onset and at the Css of photosynthesis this sustained photosynthetic aef under high CS intensities acts as a photoprotective mechanism and leads to an increase of the atpnadph ratio | MEDAL |
antisense oligonucleotides are promising medicines for treating various diseases although their efficiency still requires high doses their delivery in the cytosol and nucleus to reach their mrna targets would increase their efficiency at the same time as reducing the dose | MEDAL |
while chromophore attachment to alphasubunits of cyanobacterial biliproteins has been studied in some detail little is known about this process in betasubunits the ones of phycoerythrocyanin and cphycocyanin each carry two phycocyanobilin pcb chromophores covalently attached to cysteins beta and beta the differential nonenzymatic reconstitution of pcb to the apoproteins peca pecb cpca and cpcb as well as to mutant proteins of the betasubunits lacking either one of the two IB cysteins was studied using overexpression of the respective genes pcb adds selectively to cys of cpca cpcb peca and pecb but the bound chromophore has a nonnative configuration and in the case of cpca is partly oxidized to mesobiliverdin mbv the oxidation is independent of thiols but can be suppressed by ascorbate the addition to cysbeta is suppressed in the presence of detergents like triton x in favor of an addition to cysbeta yielding the correctly bound chromophore triton x also inhibits oxidation of the chromophore during addition to cpca the effect of triton x was studied on the isolated components of the reconstitution system absorption fluorescence and circular dichroism spectra indicate a L1 conformational change of the chromophore upon addition of the detergent which probably controls the site selectivity of the addition reaction and inhibits the oxidation of pcb to mbv | MEDAL |
hplc plays a key role in the preparative purification of human insulin adesamidoinsulin is one of the impurities that possesses the chromatographic SMB similar to that of insulin and hence separation from this byproduct is rather difficult at the process scale during the optimization of insulin RP-HPLC purification when a column was sufficiently overloaded the effect of displacement of adesamidoinsulin molecules from active groups of sorbent by insulin ones was observed it was suggested that monocarboxylic acid and organic modifier in mobile phase are responsible for the esterification during which the formed ester promotes the displacement effect this effect was studied in order to optimize the purification of human insulin at the process scale | MEDAL |
we have reported that acute damphetamine increases extracellular concentrations efflux of neurotensinlike immunoreactivity ntli and neuropeptide yli npyli in the ventral striatum vstr of freely moving rats effects that are abolished by chronic administration of haloperidol and ris admixed to food pellets in this T0 we further investigated the damphetamine effects on ntli and npyli efflux in vstr and their content in selected brain regions rats received haloperidol risperidone or vehicle for days and saline or damphetamine either on days andor day seven day damphetamine administration decreased basal ntli and npyli efflux in vehicletreated rats pretreatment with haloperidol counteracted these effects while pretreatment with risperidone had effect only on ntli acute damphetamine T3 the seven day damphetamine increased ntli only pretreatment with haloperidol or ris abolished the effects of acute damphetamine on ntli and npyli acute and seven day damphetamine increased ntli and npyli contents in striatum seven day damphetamine also increased ntli in FC and occipital SC and both ntli and npyli in hippocampus our results suggest that nt and npy are involved in both the pathophysiology and the therapeutics of schizophrenia | MEDAL |
personality characteristics of parents of autistic probands and parents of downs syndrome probands were examined using a standardized personality interview using bestestimate ratings derived from subject and informant interviews parents of autistic individuar deepseated tumours including locally T3 breast cancers soft tissue tumours lung cancers involving the chest wall liver tumours unresectable or recurrent colorectal cancers and invasive UB cancers the difficulty in heating whole tumour volume or hypervascular tumours to therapeutic temperatures was also shown nonrandomized trials for locally advanced breast cancers unresectable or recurrent CRCs and invasive urinary bladder cancers demonstrated a higher response rate in thermoradiotherapy than in radiotherapy alone the complications associated with treatment were not generally serious except for chronic bowel damages in a trial for colorectal cancers these promising phase i ii trials encourage the future phase iii trials | MEDAL |
the cytoskeleton is a dynamic structure that contributes to cell CF in terms of shape movement transport and secretion it also provides a platform for regional MICs such as signaling biosynthesis and energy production the present manuscript describes a method for CSK isolation based on capture with magnetic microbeads and its application to the analysis of the nk like cell line yts the isolated proteins were separated by sdspage and the peptides from the in gel digested proteins were analyzed by on L1 nanolcmsms approximately of the isolated proteins were either components of the cytoskeleton or proteins that were known to be capable of associating with the cytoskeleton the enrichment was confirmed by western blot for actin and alphaactinin the isolation was dependent on intact actin microfilaments as pretreatment of cells with cytochalasin d resulted in a marked reduction in the number of proteins isolated the method allowed for the identification of several proteins that have not been previously described in lymphoid cells eplin seta a number of other scaffolding and lipid raft associated proteins were described suggesting a link between the CSK and these structures the approach may have application to the proteomic examination of the cytoskeleton in a variety of cell types | MEDAL |
a reversedphase highperformance liquid chromatographic method for the determination and quantitative recovery of fully AS aprotinin the basic pancreatic TR inhibitor or kunitz inhibitor and aprotininlike inhibitors in amounts down to micrograms is reported the method which allows separation of aprotinin isoinhibitors characterized by small differences in the primary structure with respect to aprotinin itself appears to be suitable for the quantitation and identification of aprotininlike inhibitors in human biological fluids in which they appear to be present at very low levels | MEDAL |
the emergence and rapid spread of variant of the rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus rhdv require new diagnostic tools to ensure that efficient control measures are adopted in the present T0 a specific sandwich ELISA assay elisa for PCD of rhdv antigens in rabbit CL homogenates based on the use of an rhdvspecific monoclonal antibody mab d for antigen capture and an antirhdv goat polyclonal antibody pab was developed this elisa was able to successfully detect rhdv and rhdv recombinant virions with high sensitivity and specificity no crossreactions were detected with rhdv g viruses while low crossreactivity was detected with one of the rhdva samples analyzed the elisa afforded good repeatability and had high analytical sensitivity as it was able to detect a dilution ngml of purified rhdvn vlps which contained approximately à | MEDAL |
six natural iridoids including jatamanin a f g and j gastrolactone and nepetalactone have been synthesized via the efficient transformation of a core cyclopentacpyran intermediate key features of the syntheses include the stereoselective construction of the core cyclopentacpyran skeleton of the iridoid lactones via a pdcatalyzed intramolecular allylic alkylation and the facile transformation of the common intermediate into natural iridoids | MEDAL |
recent studies have shown an improvement in prostate cancer diagnosis with the use of tesla magnetic resonance imaging we retrospectively assessed the ability of this imaging technique to predict sidespecific extracapsular extension of prostate cancer | MEDAL |
the adaptor protein raptor is the functional identifier for rat target of rapamycin mtor complex mtorc acting to target mtor to specific substrates for phosphorylation and regulation using hplcelectrospray ionization MS/MS we confirmed the phosphorylation of raptor at ser thr ser ser ser ser ser thr ser ser ser and ser and identified tyr ser thr ser ser ser ser ser ser and thr as new previously unidentified raptor phosphorylation CS treatment of cells with insulin increased the phosphorylation of raptor at ser ser ser and thr and suppressed the phosphorylation of ser ser phosphorylation was insensitive to mtor inhibition with rapamy drug candidate having the highest bbbdrugability is difficult due to these conflicting responses as well as the different scalings of the four biological parameters under consideration the highest desirability representing the best bbbdrugability was observed for dermorphin this peptide is thus the most promising drug candidate from the set of eight opioid MMP that were investigated the least desirable candidate with the worst bbb influx andor metabolic stability was found to be ctap validation of the desirability CF by in vivo medical imaging showed that DM and damgo penetrate the bbb whereas em and tapp did not these results are thus consistent with those obtained with the desirability DUE to conclude the multicriteria decision method was proven to be useful in biomedical research where a selection of the best candidate based on opposing characteristics is often required | MEDAL |
in the past different studies showed that hydroxyapatite ha or similar calcium phosphates can be precipitated on mg during immersion in simulated body fluids however at the same time in most cases a dark grey or black SL is built under the WG ha crystals this SL seems to consist as well of calcium phosphates until now neither the morphology nor its influence on mg corrosion have been investigated in detail in this work commercially pure magnesium cp was immersed in cell SC medium for one three and five days at room temperature and in the incubator °c co in addition the influence of proteins on the formation of a corrosion layer was investigated by adding of fetal calf serum fcs to the CC medium in the incubator in order to analyze the formed layers sem images of cross sections XPS xps xray diffraction xrd SE dispersive xray spectroscopy edx and fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy ftir measurements were carried out characterization of the corrosion behavior was achieved by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy eis and by potentiodynamic polarization in dulbeccos modified eagles medium dmem at °c surface analysis showed that all formed layers consist mainly of ACP compounds for the immersion at room temperature the cap ratio indicates the formation of ha while in the incubator probably prestages to ha are formed the different immersion conditions lead to a R2 in SL thicknesses however EC characterization shows that the SL thickness does not influence the corrosion resistance of magnesium the main influencing factor for the corrosion behavior is the SL morphology thus immersion at RT leads to the highest corrosion protection due to the formation of a compact outer layer layers formed in the incubator show much worse performances due to CR porous structures the existence of proteins in dmem seems to hinder the formation of a corrosion layer however protein adsorption leads to similar results as concerns corrosion protecs unexpectedly among the above cytokineschemokines mipβ was also highly expressed in nontb patients compared with HD our results suggested that tnfα may be an ideal biomarker for diagnosing the forms of tb presentation while the other factors il ip mcp and ifnγ can potentially facilitate differential diagnosis for the tb presentation types further characterization of immune responses associated with different types of tb diseases will provide a basis for developing novel tb diagnostics | MEDAL |
a computerized noncontacting optical technique for measuring the outside diameters of preform rods and starting tubes and the wall thicknesses of the tubes is presented the method utilizes the fluorescence of an indexmatching liquid in which the nonfluorescing silica rod or tube is immersed to define the boundaries the liquid is excited by a thin heliumcadmium laser beam lambda nm at RA angles to the axis of the object the fluorescent light intensity is detected by a video camera and digitized for computer processing the computer makes use of the sharp lighttodark transitions to calculate the overall diameter and wall thickness the measurements are precise to better than and agree to within this amount with independent measurements made on the rods and tubes with an electronic digital caliper | MEDAL |
in mouse CL TH with an intact microsomal metabolism covalent binding of cparacetamol amounted to nmolmg protein of the total radioactivity were bound to soluble protein and to microsomes in the soluble fraction the major radioactivity peak cochromatographed with glutathione stransferase activity on sephacryl s two different minor labelled fractions with apparent molecular weights of and daltons were also found in a second experiment in a reconstituted system of microsomes and supernatant of the radioactivity was bound to supernatant and by of microsomes following ion exchange chromatography of the supernatant on deaesepharose the two L1 radioactivitycontaining fractions coincided with gshstransferase MICs but not with seleniumdependent or nonseleniumdependent glutathione peroxidase the data show that irreversible binding of PAR metabolites in mouse liver occurs preferentially to gshstransferases | MEDAL |
patients with chemosensitive aggressive nonhodgkin lymphoma nhl could benefit from highdose chemotherapy hdc followed by autologous SC transplantation autosct we report clinical outcomes of hdc using a novel regimen consisting of mitoxantrone etoposide Ara-C and MEL neam with autosct a total of patients were consecutively enrolled median age was years range years median EFS survival efs was months median overall survival os has not been reached yet and estimated year os was among patients with measurable lesions response rate was median time to recovery of neutrophil ml and platelet gt ml was and days respectively febrile neutropenia developed in patients grades or hepatic toxicity developed in patients grades or renal toxicity in patients and grade or cardiac toxicity in patients transplantrelated mortality trm developed in two patients multiple prior treatments before transplantation auxiliary bone marrow harvest for stem cell collection and high serum lactate LDH were related to unfavorable treatment outcomes in conclusion neam conditioning with autosct demonstrated considerable tau with modest toxicity in patients with chemosensitive aggressive nhl | MEDAL |
this study explores the quantitative patterns of immunolabeled fos protein incidence in the PVN pvn and supraoptic nuclei son oxytocinergic oxy SN in response to immobilization imo stress in corticotrophin releasing hormone deficient crhko mice adult male mice taken directly from cages or min after a single imo were sacrificed by intracardial perfusion with fixative coronal BB sections of mum thickness were processed for dual fosoxy immunohistochemistry in control wild type wt and crhko mice scattered fos immunoreactivity was observed in hypothalamus including the pvn where scanty fos signal occurred in both parvocellular and MC pvn subdivisions dual fosoxy immunostainings revealed higher basal fos expression in the pvn of control crhko mice imo evoked a marked rise in fos expression in oxy neurons of the pvn and son in both wt and crhko CG of mice the present data demonstrate that crh deficiency upregulates the basal activity of hypothalamic pvn oxy cells in crhko mice and imo AS in both wt and crhko mice affects distinctly the activity of oxy cells in both son and pvn our data indicate that crh deficiency does not alter the responsiveness of pvn and son oxy cells to imo stress | MEDAL |
to assess the relationship between left ventricular PET reserve and prognosis in patients with idiopathic MVP ergometer exercise echocardiography was performed in normal subjects and patients with mitral valve prolapse having either mild or no MR these patients with mitral prolapse were followed for to mean years increment of FS during maximum exercise at the initial T0 in patients with mitral valve prolapse and normal subjects were and respectively based on increment of FS patients with mitral valve prolapse were divided into groups group i cases with delta fractional shortening less than group ii cases with delta FS greater than or equal to the incidence of cardiac symptoms was higher in group i than in group ii vs p less than stt changes and lifethreatening arrhythmias were more frequently observed in GI during the followup period mmode echocardiographic measurements did not vary in group ii but left ventricular and left atrial dimensions increased significantly p less than p less than respectively and fractional shortening decreased significantly p less than in GI without any NC in mitral regurgitation severity thus some patients with mitral valve prolapse not having significant mitral regurgitation may develop progressive deterioration of the cardiac CF which may be predicted by EE | MEDAL |
this experiment investigated the effects of nonpharmacological disruption on temporal discrimination pigeons responded on a multiple schedule composed of FI colormatching and temporaldiscrimination components the effects of three different disruptors prefeeding intercomponentinterval food and extinction were assessed all disruptors decreased response rates during the FI prefeeding and intercomponentinterval food had unsystematic effects on response patterning during the FI whereas extinction increased the relative response rate in the initial portions of the fixed interval accuracy of color matching was decreased by prefeeding and was not systematically affected by intercomponentinterval food and extinction in the temporaldiscrimination component all disruptors flattened the psychophysical functions relating proportion long responses to sample duration this result indicates a GA disruption of temporal discrimination in addition parameter estimates derived from the behavioral theory of timing indicated all disruptors decreased pacemaker rate a result consistent with the predictions of the theory these results highlight the similarities between disruption of temporal discrimination by pharmacological and nonpharmacological manipulations | MEDAL |
we report regression of the abnormal q waves of an VPI old myocardial infarction T3 an additional anterior AIM and demonstrate the scintigraphic rho and chronological course of this phenomenon scintigraphic findings in the present case here may contribute to an interpretation of regression of abnormal q waves in myocardial infarction | MEDAL |
although studies have suggested that personality can forecast safety performance at the individual level the link between organizationallevel personality and safety performance is rarely considered on the basis of the attractionselectionattrition asa theory the present study investigated the direct and indirect effects of the organizational emergence of personality fivefactor model on individuallevel outcomes safety performance in the highspeed rail industry the sample consisted of highspeed rail operators in china the results indicated thaterial strains belonging to bacillus halobacillus and kocuria were dominant in the rhizosphere of halophytes salsola and atriplex and halobacillus and halomonas were dominating genera from nonrhizospheric and lakebank soils mostly identified strains were moderately halophilic bacteria with optimum growth at m salt concentrations most of the bacterial exhibited lipase protease cellulase amylase gelatinase and catalase activities halophilic and halotolerant bacilli atrp hlrs nrshap and lkhap identified in this study showed optimum lipase protease cellulase and amylase activities at m nacl concentration ph and temperature °c these results indicated that halophilic and halotolerant bacteria can be used for bioconversion of organic compounds to useful products under extreme conditions | MEDAL |
besides lowering cholesterol statins exert multiple effects such as antiinflammatory activity and improvement of endothelial cell CF we examined whether simvastatin ss protects against the OD of elastaseinduced pulmonary emphysema in mice by using mean linear intercepts of alveoli lm as a morphometric parameter of emphysema T3 injection of intratracheal elastase on day B6 mice were treated daily with ss ss group or pbs ss group for wk a decrease in lm on day was observed in the ss group vs the ss group antiinflammatory effects of ss were observed as a decrease in percentage of neutrophils up to day and in hydroxyproline concentration on day in BAL lavage fluid balf ss also increased the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen pcnapositive AM epithelial cells between days and to confirm the role of statins in promoting proliferation of alveolar cells mice were treated with ss ss vs pbs ss for days starting wk after elastase administration T3 ss treatment lm decreased by and pcnapositive alveolar epithelial cells increased compared with the ss group concentrations of VE growth factor in balf and endothelial nitric oxide synthase protein expression in pulmonary vessels tended to be higher in the ss group vs the ss group in this protocol in conclusion ss inhibited the development of elastaseinduced pulmonary emphysema in mice this therapeutic effect was due not only to antiinflammation but also to the promotion of AM epithelial cell regeneration partly mediated by restoring endothelial cell functions | MEDAL |
the human hair cycle is characterized by successive phases of growth and involution that imply tissue regression and regeneration as a consequence the hair melanin unit has to be renewed in a cyclic manner actually the behavior of human hair F2 melanocytes throughout the hair cycle has been poorly studied thus the origin of melanocytes present in the bulb T3 human hair regeneration is still not clarified and neither are the events that control the melanin biosynthesis activity in the human hair bulb in this study we showed at the cellular level that in human pigmented hair follicles the expression of tyrosinase and TRP trp was detectable during the anagen phases iiiiv through vi only in those MC which were located in the bulb during the catagen phase the two evaluated melanogenic enzymes were detectable no more although melanocytes were still present in the preceding bulbar area the epithelial column of catagen follicles and the capsule of telogen follicles also contained inactive melanocytes as evidenced by pmel labeling at the induction of a new anagen hair follicle some melanocytes were committed to cell division but only when located in the nascent bulb close to the dermal papilla our results emphasize the close relationship between melanogenesis and the hair cycle and suggest that in humans melanogenesis is restricted to anagen hair follicles not because of the regulation of tyrosinase activity but because of melanogenic enzyme expression eg tyrosinase and trp furthermore the fact that in the newly developing anagen hair follicles celldivision commitment and tyr and trp expression were observed in melanocytes only when located in the nascent bulb suggests a highly regiospecific melanocyte stimulation in early the anagen phase | MEDAL |
extracorporeal photopheresis ecp is an established second L1 treatment option for graftversushost disease gvhd posthaematopoietic CFU-GM transplant at our centre the therakos⢠cellex® has replaced the therakos⢠uvarxts⢠machine for ecp since we reviewed the records of procedures using the therakos⢠cellex® for safety and tolerability nine patients underwent ecp for gvhd the median age was · years range · and weight was · kg range ·· the mean duration per procedure was min range fifteen · procedures were cancelled and · were delayed with CE venous L1 cvl issues being the most frequent problem with the use of prophylactic tissue plasminogen activator fewer cvlrelated occlusions were observed · vs · there was one episode of a cvlassociated thrombosis and one episode of delayed bleeding there were four episodes of viral reactivation four cvlassociated infections catheter days and one episode of systemic inflammatory response syndrome no patient experienced symptomatic SH this is the first report outlining the safety and tolerability of the therakos⢠cellex® device for ecp in children and young adults | MEDAL |
in the present study we examined the effect of dietary supplementation with the pyridoindole antioxidant STB on PET properties of the cardiac nakatpase in diabetic rats diabetes lasting sixteen weeks which was induced by a single iv dose of streptozotocin mg x kg was followed by decrease in the CEA evaluation of kinetic parameters revealed a statistically significant decrease in the maximum velocity vmax for atpactivation for naactivation indicating a diabetesinduced diminution of the number of active enzyme molecules in cardiac sarcolemma the atpbinding properties of the enzyme were not affected by diabetes as suggested by statistically insignificant changes in the value of michaelismenten constant km atp on the other hand the affinity to sodium decreased as suggested by increase in the km na value this impairment in the affinity of the nabinding site together with decreased number of AS nakatpase molecules are probably responsible for the deteriorated enzyme function in NF of diabetic animals administration of STB to diabetic rats dramatically improved the function of cardiac nakatpase with regard to nahandling as documented by statistically significant elevation of vmax by and decrease in km na our data suggest that stobadine may prevent the diabetesinduced deterioration of cardiac nakatpase thus enabling to preserve its normal function in regulation of intracellular homeostasis of na and k ions | MEDAL |
storage quality of shelled green peas pisum sativum var sativum l was investigated under modified atmosphere packaging map perforated and non perforated compared to unsealed samples respectively at t ± °c and ± rh and t ± °c and ± rh for each sample and during period of storage and days modified atmosphere ma was created using LD PE ldpe film packages having μm of film thickness and package size of m quality parameters viz WL wl TPC tpc instrumental colour ascorbic acid aa and sensory characteristics were evaluated during storage period weight loss was in the range of to zero perforation at t to unsealed samples at t and to zero perforation at t after and days of storage respectively total phenolic content significantly increased to mg g from an initial value of mg g for all the samples and treatments studied the map non perforated sample stored at t recorded maximum hunter l and a colour values than all other samples a significant decrease in aa content was observed in all the samples with maximum loss in unsealed sample stored at t whereas map perforations sample stored at t retained maximum aa sensory SQ analysis revealed that map perforations sample stored at t was in acceptable SQ with good appearance and overall acceptance the T0 shows that shelled green peas can be stored in map with perforations mm dia in the temperature range of to °c and rh to extend shelf life with marketable quality for days | MEDAL |
proton translocation in the br mutants dn dt and dn was studied by attachment of purple CM to planar lipid bilayers pump currents in these mutants were measured via capacitive coupling and by use of the appropriate ionophores all mutants have a reduced pk of their schiff bases around in common at physiological ph a mixture of chromophores absorbing at nm deprotonated form and around nm protonated form coexists excitation with continuous blue light induces in all three mutants an outwardly directed stationary pump current these currents are enhanced upon addition of azide in dn and dn by a factor of but no azide enhancement is observed in dt yellow light CT induces transient inwardly directed currents in the mutants but additional BL leads to a stationary current with the same direction all the observed currents are carried by protons so that the consecutive absorption of a yellow and a blue photon leads to inverted stationary photocurrents by the mutants as observed with halorhodopsin hr a mechanistic MM describing the inversion of proton pumping is discussed by the cistrans transcis isomerization of the retinal and the different proton accessibility of the SB from the extracellular or the cytoplasmic side of the membrane | MEDAL |
the neuronal ltype calcium channels ltccs cavalpha and cavalpha are functionally distinct cavalpha activates at lower voltages and inactivates more slowly than cavalpha making it suitable to support sustained ltype ca inward currents ical and serve in pacemaker functions we compared the biophysical and pharmacological properties of human retinal cavalpha using the wholecell patchclamp technique T3 rat expression in tsa cells with other ltype alpha subunits cavalphamediated inward ba currents iba required the coexpression of alphadelta and beta or betaa subunits and were detected in a lower proportion of transfected cells than cavalpha iba G1 at more negative voltages activation threshold mv mm ba than cavalpha and slightly more positive than cavalpha voltagedependent inactivation of iba was slower than for cavalpha and cavalpha approximately inactivation after sec alphadelta beta coexpression inactivation was not increased with ca as the charge carrier indicating the absence of cadependent inactivation cavalpha exhibited voltagedependent gproteinindependent facilitation by strong depolarizing pulses the dihydropyridine dhpantagonist isradipine blocked cavalpha with approximately fold lower sensitivity than cavalpha and in a voltagedependent manner strong stimulation by the dhp bayk was found despite the substitution of an otherwise ltype channelspecific IMT residue in position repeat ivs by a phenylalanine cavalpha alphadelta beta channel complexes can form ltccs with intermediate dhp antagonist sensitivity lacking CDI their biophysical properties should enable them to contribute to sustained ical at negative potentials such as required for tonic neurotransmitter release in sensory cells and plateau potentials in spiking neurons | MEDAL |
the school health index shi is a selfassessment and planning tool that helps individual schools identify the strengths and weaknesses of their health policies and programs to determine the percentage of us schools meeting the recommendations in the shi the present T0 analyzed data from the school health policies and programs T0 shpps the shpps data were collected through computerassisted personal interviews with faculty and staff in a nationally representative sample of schools the shpps questions were then matched to shi items to calculate the percentage of schools meeting the recommendations in Az school health and safety policies and environment health education physical education and other physical activity programs and nutrition services although schools nationwide are meeting a few shi items in each of these areas few schools are addressing the entire breadth of items a more coordinated approach to school health would help schools reinforce health messages | MEDAL |
BG insulinomas are pancreatic NE tumors that cause nonketotic hypoglycemia due to hyperinsulinism they are extremely rare especially in children case report we present a case of a sporadic insulinoma in an yearold boy who had episodes of selflimited drowsiness and SMB changes over a month period thought to be caused by psychological issues nonketotic hypoglycemia was confirmed at our center a fasting blood test found inappropriately elevated insulin levels during hypoglycemia undetectable βhydroxybutyrate and increased cpeptide levels in L1 with insulin C2 antiinsulin antibodies were negative and antidiabetic drugs untraceable the glucagonstimulation test was positive growth hormone adrenocorticotropin hormone and phosphorus and calcium metabolism were normal dualphase computed tomography detected a lesion compatible with an insulinoma endoscopic ultrasound showed a homogenous lesion at the junction of the body and tail of the pancreas histologic analysis of a fineneedle aspiration biopsy was compatible with NE neoplasia preoperatively a fractional diet avoiding fastabsorbing carbohydrates maintained normal glucose blood C2 enucleation was not possible so the lesion was resected along with portions of the body and tail of the pancreas the welldifferentiated tumor measured mm x mm postoperative blood gl C2 were correct allowing a normal diet conclusions in children with unspecific PS compatible with hypoglycemia blood glucose must be evaluated to confirm low blood gl C2 determining blood ketone C2 is important for the differential diagnosis the diagnostic RPA to pediatric insulinoma represents a challenge for multidisciplinary teamwork | MEDAL |
the aim of the study was to investigate the tau and safety of michaels® soratinex® remedies in patients suffering from chronic plaque psoriasis in a czech population seventyfive female male patients aged years old mean age years with mild to severe plaque PS participated in the study the products including cleansing gel ointment and skin conditioner containing fruit acid complex herbal oils and emulsifiers were used twice daily and in the same manner for all the skin lesions the T0 period was eight weeks histologic variables and various blood picture parameters including fw glucose cholesterol triacylglyceroles bilirubin gmt alt ast creatinine uric acid and urea in blood were monitored before and after therapy with michaels® soratinex® treatment assessment using the PS activity severity index pasi scores and photographic analysis was done at time and T3 and weeks patientÂs improvement was determined by the percentage reduction of the pasi scores side effects and tolerability were also evaluated T3 weeks using dr michaels® soratinex® treatment course patients had a moderate improvement with the resolution of of skin lesions patients showed a good improvement with the resolution of of lesions another patients had an outstanding improvement with the regression of of lesions only patients did not achieve an improvement of PS six patients experienced folliculitis which resolved without cessation of treatment three patients worsened and discontinued treatment six patients dropped out because of noncompliance the blood results and histologic findings were all normal our investigation shows that dr michaels® soratinex® products can be safely and successfully used in the treatment of chronic plaque PS | MEDAL |
recent drug crises have highlighted the complexity benefits and risks of medication communication the difficulty of this communication is due to the diversity of the sources of information and the target audience the credibility of spokespersons the difficulty to communicate on scientific uncertainties and the PP which is influenced by variable perceptions and tolerances of the risk globally there is a lack of training in risk management with a tendency of modern society to refuse even the slightest risk communication on medications is subject to RII or legal requirements often uses tools and messages that are not adapted to the target audience and is often based on a poor knowledge of communication techniques in order to improve this situation the available information must be coordinated by reinforcing the unique medication information website and by coordinating communication between authorities by means of a single spokesperson a particular effort must be made in the field of training in the proper use and risk of medications for both the GP and patients but also for healthcare professionals by setting up a unified academic online teaching platform for continuing medical education on medications and their proper use | MEDAL |
the purpose of this study was to assess altered left VVI diastolic filling by noninvasive means in patients with PD disease and normal systolic pump function mitral inflow velocity was measured by pulsed doppler and left ventricular volumes were obtained from crosssectional echocardiography at rest and during upright bicycle exercise peak and integrated early and late diastolic filling velocities were calculated from dopplerderived timevelocity curves studies were performed in normal subjects group i n and in patients with angiographically proven PD disease group ii n the ejection fraction was not significantly different in group ii as compared to group i group i group ii during exercise ejection fraction increased significantly in group i by but did not increase in group ii in all cases diastolic filling showed a biphasic DP at rest the L1 part of diastolic filling occurred during early diastole the ratio of early E/A integral e to the late filling velocity integral l was significantly greater in GI than in group ii group i group ii p less than during exercise early diastolic filling was unchanged in normal subjects but decreased in patients with a significant decrease in el index of p less than thus pulsed doppler echocardiography provides a useful method for assessing noninvasively exerciseinduced changes in left VVI diastolic filling dynamics in patients with PD disease | MEDAL |
in the circulatory system many drugs are reversibly bound to serum proteins such as human serum Al hsa and alphaacid glycoprotein agp resulting in both free and proteinbound fractions for these drugs this report examined the use of microcolumns containing immobilized agp for the measurement of free drug fractions by ultrafast affinity SE and a 2DE affinity system several drugs known to bind agp were used as models to develop and evaluate this RPA factors considered during the creation of this method included the PR of the drugs on the microcolumns the injection flow rate the microcolumn size and the times at which a second agp column was placed online with the microcolumn the final system had residence times of only ms during sample passage through the agp microcolumns and allowed free drug fractions to be determined within min when using only μl of sample per injection this method was used to measure the free fractions of the MM drugs at typical therapeutic C2 in SS giving good PA with the results obtained by ultrafiltration this approach was also used to estimate the binding constants for each drug with agp in SS even for drugs that had significant interactions with both agp and hsa in such samples these results indicated that agp microcolumns could be used with ultrafast affinity SE to measure free drug fractions in a labelfree manner and to T0 the IB of drugs with agp in complex samples such as serum | MEDAL |
although recurrent pregnancy loss is rare it is a major health problem fewer than of cases have definitive causes thrombophilias such as factor v leiden mutation may be responsible for a portion of the unexplained cases in recent years a number of studies have reached conflicting conclusions about the role of factor v leiden in recurrent pregnancy loss this article reviews the current literature it appears that FVL may be associated with stillbirth as well as with some poor pregnancy outcomes the mutation may also be linked to firsttrimester loss prospective casecontrolled studies to better answer many of the questions concerning the role of this mutation in recurrent pregnancy loss and to determine optimal treatment may not be feasible because it is so rare at this point treatment involves AC and is based on observational studies and expert opinion | MEDAL |
glycerolextracted flight muscle from the giant waterbug lethocerus cordofanus undergoes contraction when deprived of atp this rigor contraction occurs in the presence of the calcium chelating agent egta under conditions in which the predicted free calcium ion concentration is less than x m a mechanically similar contraction has been observed by depriving the muscle of mg in the presence of mmatp in the rigor contraction tensions of up to mnmm under isometric conditions and shortenings of between and under isotonic conditions have been observed at degrees c muscles in rigor can be relaxed by the addition of atp the minimum concentration of atp required to give full relaxation depends upon other ionic constituents of the solutions and upon temperature but is between and mm at degrees c lower concentrations result in partial reduction of tension and stiffness pyrophosphate pp causes a reduction in the tension of muscle which has developed rigor under isometric conditions but the stiffness when measured at frequencies between and hz remains indistinguishable from that of rigor muscle the stiffness when measured by applying slow length changes is comparable to that of atprelaxed muscle it is suggested that in pprelaxed muscle the crossbridges remain in close proximity to but are not rigidly attached to the i filaments resulting in a high viscous interaction between the two sets of filaments the addition of low concentrations of adp less than about mm to rigor muscle in the absence of atp causes an increase in tension the effect is sigmoid and is probably due to the formation of low concentrations of atp throughout the body of the fibre by myokinase activity larger concentrations of adp about mm added to rigor muscle cause relaxation probably due to the formation of higher atp concentrations amp and inorganic orthophosphate have little effect upon the mechanical properties of rigor muscle there is a delay of about min before the onset of rigor contraction when MF are transferred from an atpsolution to one containing no atp due to the transfer of atp in the body of the fibres both atp hydrolysis by the MF and diffusion otionship are discussed the SS concentration of nonmyeloma igg was usually low in myeloma patients and the synthesis of nonmyeloma igg was somewhat decreased suggesting that low SS concentrations of nonmyeloma igg result from decreased synthesis as well as from an increased fractional catabolic rate | MEDAL |
chronic dacryocystitis is a frequently encountered condition which can be QTc by dacryocystorhinostomy today the diode laser is increasingly put to use in such corrective operations this study aims to answer the questions of which adjunctive procedures and which combinations of such procedures are necessary and effective in securing more successful outcomes in diode laser DCR this prospective randomized T0 included eighty patients male female who underwent dacryocystorhinostomy in our hospital during the year period of january january the patients were selected consecutively and were randomly allocated to three groups group diode laser MMC c silicone intubation group diode laser silicone intubation group diode laser mitomycin c all patients were evaluated postoperatively on day week and on the st rd th th th and th months the postoperative DUE consisted of preoperative and postoperative ostium measurements recording postoperative complications and calculating and comparing success rates and operative times the mean ages of the patients were for group for group and for group no statistically significant difference was found among the groups regarding pre and postoperative ostium measurements the success rates were and for CG and respectively complications noted in group were restenosis premature silicone tube loss development of GT synechia infection and hemorrhage those for group were restenosis premature tube loss granulation synechia infection and hemorrhage group had cases with stenosis with granulation with infection with synechia and with hemorrhage the operative times of the CG were and min respectively for group and all three groups had statistically significant differences regarding the duration of surgery with p p and p for group and group and and group and respectively our study showed that when diode laser dcr was combined with bicanalicular silicone intubation and intraoperative mitomycin c application those adjunctive procedures while increasing operative time enhanced the success rate and diminished complications as compared to diode laser plus intubation andor diode laser plus mitomycin c | MEDAL |
in unstressed normoglycaemic fetal lambs the liver produces little glucose and gluconeogenesis is insignificant indirect measurements have suggested that the fetus may produce glucose endogenously during hypoglycaemia induced by prolonged maternal starvation in eight fetal lambs we directly measured total and radiolabelled ATP concentration differences across the liver to determine whether the fetal CL produces gl after four days of fastinginduced hypoglycaemia simultaneously we measured umbilical gl uptake and fetal glucose utilization glucose concentrations in ewes mmol and fetuses mmoll were decreased fetal glucose utilization rate mumolminkg was not significantly different from umbilical gl uptake mumolminkg HGP mumolmin g and gluconeogenesis mumolmin g were present but could account for only and of fetal gl requirements respectively to determine whether gl output by the fetal CL was limited by ATP availability we infused lactate acetate and AC into the umbilical veins of four fasted animals increasing hepatic ATP delivery hepatic gl SO did not increase during infusion of gluconeogenic substrates indicating that substrate availability did not limit gluconeogenesis we conclude that the gluconeogenic pathway is intact in lategestation fetal lambs and that the FL is capable of gluconeogenesis however the primary change in fetal metabolism during maternal starvation is the reduction in fetal gl utilization obviating the need for substantial hepatic glucose production the AF stimulating this modest increase in fetal HGP remain to be elucidated | MEDAL |
the specific risk factors for addiction within religious community members remain poorly understood and undefined this paper presents data on the characteristics of chemically dependent women religious nuns in order to understand the etiology and treatment needs of this special group this T0 contrasts a group of roman catholic women religious who are in treatment for chemical dependency with a volunteer nonalcoholic comparison group from similar religious communities the TG had higher C2 of MH symptoms and past PH of childhood trauma parental separation or divorce early loss of mother compared to the volunteer sample family history of alcoholism did not differ however and prevalence of sexual abuse was more common for the volunteers than for those in treatment women religious in this study resemble the classification of negative affect ALC cloninger type i babor type a which is characterized by lower severity prevalence of environmental over genetic risk factors and less severe legal or social consequences implications for health screening and treatment of women religious are addressed | MEDAL |
the department of defense is currently considering replacing ammonium perchlorate with ammonium dinitramide adn a class explosive oxidizer to be used in solid rocketnt manner palb was increased to whereas normal rabbit igg had no effect fab fragments of antibody increased palb to a similar degree whereas fab fragments had no effect crosslinking of fab fragments however with a second antibody restored their ability to increase palb demonstrating the importance of integrin crosslinking in producing the observed effect intact fab and fab fragments of antibeta antibody all inhibited adhesion of glomerular epithelial cells to fibronectin laminin and types i and iv collagen although the degree of inhibition by fab fragments was significantly less on collagens no cytotoxic effects were observed with antibeta antibody or its fragments these results suggest that antibodies to Int matrix receptors on glomerular cells alter cell interactions with the glomerular basement membrane and lead to increased glomerular permeability to proteins via a process that is initiated by integrin crosslinking rather than through simple interference with cell adhesion per se | MEDAL |
gonadotrophinreleasing hormone gnrh immunoreactivity is detectable in the BB ovary and testis of the newt triturus carnifex collected during february reproductive phase may and july nonreproductive phase in the brain of may animals chicken gnrhii positive cell bodies are located within the terminal nerve the anterior preoptic area and the POA nucleus which appears to be devoid of immunoreactive rat gnrh cell bodies during february and july both chicken gnrhii and rat gnrh are detected only within the terminal nerve and anterior preoptic area generally in the reproductive as well as the nonreproductive periods chicken gnrhii SF are widely distributed in the brain however the CSD of fibers of both molecular forms suggests that they exert hypophysiotropic activity highpressure liquid chromatography hplc coupled with radioimmunoassay indicates the presence of an earlyeluting gnrh peak in brains and gonads but not in plasma using chicken gnrhii AS immunoreactivity is observed in SPC spermatozoa and the external theca SL seasonal changes of the gnrhlike material are observed in both sexes and its high concentration detectable during february is in good rho with the timing of reproduction | MEDAL |
cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita cmtc is an uncommon sporadic congenital cutaneous condition presenting with persistent cutis marmorata telangiectasia phlebectasia and possible ulceration of the involved skin skin atrophy and undergrowth of the involved extremity to further the current understanding of this disorder we analyzed the clinical features of a C1 series of patients with cmtc the files of patients with cmtc who were examined in our center over the last years were reviewed the data recorded included patient sex AAO nature and CSD of the lesions associated abnormalities and course of disease cmtc was characterized by early recognition of the lesions at birth and equal sex CSD the lesion was unilateral in of patients and most commonly involved the limbs additional capillary lesions noted in of patients may well have been an extension of the cmtc itself associated anomalies were found in of patients almost half of the patients showed a definite improvement in the Rt vascular DP on followup no familial cases of cmtc were noted cmtc is more prevalent than previously recognized affects both sexes equally and has a mostly localized distribution additional V1 lesions are associated with the disorder but other anomalies occur less often prognosis is generally good | MEDAL |
PR of intact plant cells to the end of the small intestine leads to transport of entrapped macronutrients such as starch and protein for Tc microbial fermentation and is a promising mechanism to increase the content of RS in diets however the effect of gastrointestinal biomechanical processing on the intactness of plant cells and the subsequent resistance to enzymatic digestion of intracellular starch and protein are not well understood in this study IN cells isolated from legume cotyledons are digested in a laboratory MM which mimics the mechanical and PSA conditions of the rat stomach and duodenum the resulting digesta are characterised in terms of cell wall integrity as well as intracellular starch and protein hydrolysis the cells remained essentially intact in the MM with negligible ca ST or protein digestion however when the cells were mechanically broken and digested in the model the hydrolysis was increased to suggesting that IN cellular structures could survive the mixing regimes in the model stomach and duodenum sufficiently to prevent digestive enzyme access apart from IN cell walls providing effective barrier properties they also limit digestibility by restricting starch gelatinisation during coules of dpn were mined according to clusterone a total of pathways were selected to build pathway interactions by filtrating pathway interactions of weight values a dpn with NO and edges was obtained topological degree analysis revealed hub pathways such as heparan sulfateheparinâglycosaminoglycan hsâgag Kd hsâgag metabolism and keratan sulfate degradation for ra based on dpn furthermore hub pathways were also important in modules which validated the significance of hub pathways in conclusion the proposed method is a computationally efficient way to identify hub pathways of ra which identified hub pathways that may be potential biomarkers and provide insight to future investigation and treatment of ra | MEDAL |
the yearold was admitted for investigation of a fever persisting for three weeks in spite of antibiotic treatment based on the clinical picture presenting with fugitive exanthema during febrile episodes myalgia polyserositis leucocytosis with toxic granulations and after an antibiotic windownegative cultures of all investigated fluids blood pleural and peritoneal fluid adulttype stills disease was diagnosed treatment with steroids and indomethacine was only temporarily successful therapeutic stabilization first occurred under administration of phenylbutazone the course was complicated by three surgical ABD interventions because of an unclear acute abdomen a strangulation ileus and a smallbowel perforation | MEDAL |
although duodenal diverticulum is not uncommon precise preoperative diagnosis is occasionally difficult we report a patient with perforated duodenal diverticulum successfully diagnosed preoperatively by an upper gastrointestinal series followed by abdominal computed tomography ct scanning an yearold japanese woman visited a local hospital because of rightsided ABD pain physical examination revealed diffuse muscle guarding localized in the entire rightside of the abdomen indicative of peritonitis while plain ABD xray film revealed no free air abdominal ultrasound and abdominal ct scanning revealed fluid collection and gas in the anterior PR space an emergency upper gastrointestinal series using watersoluble contrast media demonstrated multiple diverticula in the descending portion and the horizontal portion of the duodenum leakage of the contrast material was found by the upper gastrointestinal series followed by the abdominal ct scanning suggesting that the peritonitis was caused by the perforated DU diverticulum and an emergency LAP was performed the diverticulum in the descending portion of the duodenum was mobilized from the retroperitoneum and complete resection and peritoneal drainage were performed the resected specimen showed that the diverticulum was x mm in size and two separate sites of perforation were identified the present case suggests that upper gastrointestinal series followed by ct scan is useful for the preoperative diagnosis of perforated DU diverticulum | MEDAL |
numerous reports have explored the prognostic value of pretransplant serum creactive protein crp in patients receiving allogeneic stem cell transplant asct but the results remain conflicting thline and disorientation diagnostic workup revealed paraneoplastic antiamphiphysin associated limbic encephalitis on the basis of an aortic angiosarcoma with metastases to kidney muscle and bones highly aggressive chemotherapy as well as IS therapy and cytoreductive LN were initiated however followup revealed further tumour progress and a worsening of neurological PS | MEDAL |
the present study investigated oxidative damage and neuroprotective effect of the antiparkinsonian drug ldeprenyl in neuronal death produced by intranigral infusion of a potent mitochondrial complexi inhibitor rotenone in rats unilateral stereotaxic intranigral infusion of rotenone caused significant decrease of striatal dopamine C2 as measured employing hplcelectrochemistry and loss of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the perikarya of ipsilateral substantia nigra sn SN and their terminals in the striatum rotenoneinduced increases in the salicylate hydroxylation products and dihydroxybenzoic acid indicators of hydroxyl radials in mitochondrial p fraction were dosedependently attenuated by ldeprenyl ldeprenyl mgkg ip treatment dosedependently att rotenoneinduced reductions in complexi activity and glutathione gsh C2 in the sn tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the striatum or sn as well as striatal dopamine amphetamineinduced stereotypic rotations in these rats were also significantly inhibited by deprenyl administration the rotenoneinduced elevated activities of cytosolic antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase showed further significant increase following ldeprenyl our findings suggest that unilateral intranigral infusion of rotenone reproduces neurochemical neuropathological and behavioral features of pd in rats and ldeprenyl can rescue the DA neurons from rotenonemediated neurodegeneration in them these results not only establish oxidative AS as one of the L1 causative AF underlying DA neurodegeneration as observed in FPD but also support the view that deprenyl is a potent free radical scavenger and an antioxidant | MEDAL |
extendedspectrum tem betalactamases esbls do not usually confer resistance to betalactamase inhibitors such as clavulanate or tazobactam to investigate the compatibility of the two phenotypes we used SDM of the blatem gene to introduce into the tem betalactamase amino acid substitutions that confer the esbl phenotype tem argser tem argser plus glulys tem glyser and tem glyser plus glulys these were combined with three sets of substitutions that confer inhibitor resistance tem argcys tem metleu and tem metleu and asnasp introduction of the argcys substitution gave rise to inhibitorresistant hybrid enzymes that either lost esbl activity tem tem and tem or had reduced activity tem against ceftazidime in contrast the introduction of metleu or metleu plus asnasp substitutions did not significantly affect the abilities of the enzymes to confer resistance to ceftazidime although increased susceptibility to CTX was observed with escherichia coli strains that expressed the tem and tem betalactamases with the exception of the tem betalactamase introduction of the metleu substitution did not give rise to enzymes with increased resistance to clavulanate compared to that of the tem betalactamase however introduction of the double substitution metleu plus asnasp in the esbls did give rise to lowlevel tem tem and tem or moderatelevel tem clavulanate resistance none of the hybrid enzymes were as resistant to clavulanate as the corresponding inhibitorresistant tem betalactamase mutant suggesting that activesite configuration in the esbls limits the degree of clavulanate resistance conferred | MEDAL |
based on current recommendations packyears of smoking are required for eligibility for lowdose ct ldct lung cancer screening former smokers must have quit within years we investigated whether current smokers with to packyears have similar lung CA risks as eligible former sm and also whether they have a different demographic profile | MEDAL |
the transduction of sound in the auditory periphery the cochlea is inhibited by efferent ACh neurons projecting from the BS and synapsing directly on mechanosensory hair cells one fundamental question in AEP neuroscience is what roles this feedback plays in our ability to hear in the present T0 we have engineered a genetically modified mouse model in which the magnitude and duration of efferent ACh effects are increased and we assess the consequences of this manipulation on cochlear CF we generated the chrnalt L1 of knockin mice with a threonine for leucine NC lt at position of the second transmembrane domain of the alpha nicotinic cholinergic subunit rendering alphacontaining receptors that were hypersensitive to acetylcholine and had slower desensitization kinetics the chrnalt S2 produced a fold prolongation of efferent synaptic currents in vitro in vivo chrnalt mice had baseline elevation of cochlear thresholds and efferentmediated inhibition of cochlear responses was dramatically enhanced and lengthened both effects were reversed by str blockade of the alphaalpha hair cell nicotinic receptor importantly relative to their wildtype littermates chrnaltlt mice showed less permanent hearing loss following SE to intense noise thus a point mutation designed to alter alphaalpha receptor gating has provided an rat in which not only is efferent inhibition more powerful but also one in which soundinduced hearing loss can be restrained indicating the ability of efferent FB to ameliorate sound trauma | MEDAL |
although it is established that bronchopulmonary sequestration complicated by fetal hydrops carries a high risk of perinatal mortality prenatal management remains controversial therapeutic options include immediate delivery medical therapy based on an inotropic regimen alcohol ablation of the V1 pedicle open fetal surgery or thoracoamniotic shunting of fetal pleural effusions we report a case of PS with hydrothorax and fetal hydrops which was successfully treated by a single fetal thoracoamniotic catheter drainage following emergency catheter placement hydrothorax and hydrops decreased dramatically the sequestration gradually disappeared postnatally and LT outcome remained normal without any PN therapy based on this observation the NK PH of pulmonary sequestration and prenatal management options are reviewed | MEDAL |
two cytochemical methods were used to T0 the activation of acid phosphatase caused by acid incubation in IN cultured human endothelial cells using the gomori lead capture method there is a lag phase before enzyme activation whereas using barka andersons diazonium salt simultaneous coupling method there is not as the lag period is due to the gradual loss of membrane restraint and indicates the original fragility of the membrane this indicates that although the barka anderson method is useful for studying the localization of lysosomal enzymes the gomori method should be used to T0 lysosomal membrane CF i.c.v. with microm histamine was found to increase lysosomal activation the mechanism is not clear but involves a labilizing effect on the membrane indicted by a decreased lag time in the gomori method | MEDAL |
we have produced a structural model of the poreforming h or p region of the strong inward rectifier k channel kir based initially on an existing molecular model of the pore region of the voltagegated k channel kv cysteinescanning mutagenesis and subsequent blockage by ag was used to test our model by determining the residues in h whose side chains L1 the ion conduction pathway mutations made in eight positions within the highly conserved h region resulted in apparently nonfunctional channels constructing covalently linked dimers which carry a cysteine substitution in only one of the linked subunits rescued six of these mutants a covalently linked tetramer carrying a cysteine substitution on only one of the linked subunits rescued a further mutant our results using the dimers and tetramers suggest that residues thr thr ile tyr phe and cys are accessible to externally applied ag nm and therefore that their side chains line the channel pore we conclude that the topology of the kir pore is similar but not MZ to that of kv channels additionally the molecular model suggests that selectivity may be conferred both by aromatic residues tyr and phe via cationpi interactions and by backbone carbonyl CG thr and gly | MEDAL |
hyperinsulinemia a condition with excessively high insulin blood C2 is related to an increased CA incidence diabetes mellitus is the most common of several diseases accompanied by hyperinsulinemia because an elevated kidney CA risk was reported for diabetic patients we investigated the induction of genomic damage by insulin in llcpk pig kidney cells rat primary kidney cells and zdf rat kidneys insulin at a concentration of nm caused a significant increase in dna damage in vitro this was associated with the formation of reactive oxygen species ros in the presence of antioxidants blockers of the insulin and igfi receptors and a phosphatidylinositol kinase inhibitor the insulinmediated dna damage was reduced phosphorylation of protein kinase b pkb or akt was increased and p accumulated inhibition of the mitochondrial and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphatase oxidaserelated ros production reduced the insulinmediated damage in primary rat cells insulin also induced genomic damage in kidneys from healthy lean zdf rats which were infused with insulin to yield normal or high blood insulin C2 while keeping blood gl C2 constant the amounts of ros and the tumor protein p were elevated in the highinsulin group compared with the control level group ros and p were also elevated in diabetic obese zdf rats overall insulininduced oxidative AS resulted in genomic damage if the same mechanisms are AS in patients hyperinsulinemia might cause genomic damage through the induction of ros contributing to the increased cancer risk against which the use of antioxidants andor ros production inhibitors might exert protective effects | MEDAL |
the aim of this study was to investigate selective processing biases towards smokingrelated stimuli in relation to acute abstinence and smoking history differences in the processing of smokingrelated and control cues in current sm exsmokers and neversmokers on the modified stroop task were investigated with sm randomized to either abstain or smoke normally for a period of h the results indicated no significant effect of ED abstinent versus nonabstinent smokers or of smoking PH ex versus neversmokers on colournaming times for smokingrelated versus control words however there was a significant effect of smoking status current versus nonsmokers on colournaming times for smoking words compared to control words ie slower colournaming of smokingrelated words in smokers this effect approached significance when stimuli were presented in a masked exposure condition among sm colournaming interference was associated with the personality trait of sensitivity to reward these results indicate a processing bias for smokingrelated cues in current smokers however this bias does not appear to be a permanent feature of nicotine addiction given the lack of difference between exsmokers and neversmokers | MEDAL |
recruiting and retaining an adequate sample is critical to the success of any research project involving humans recent reports indicate that the health insurance portability and accountability act hipaa privacy rule has adversely affected research few resources are available to help researchers navigate the challenges to recruitment and retention after hipaa privacy rule implementation this article addresses obstacles to recruitment in prospective clinical research studies related to the hipaa privacy rule as well as hipaacompliant strategies to enhance recruitment and retention recruitment challenges discussed include evolving interpretations of the hipaa regulations inability to directly contact potential participants complexity of hipaarequired documents increased costs of recruitment and an expanding administrative burden among the strategies addressed are preparatory research reviews using clinical collaborators and staff liaisons prescreening potential participants minimizing participant burden during the consent process enhancing participant followup facilitating recruitment for future studies and streamlining compliance training for staff | MEDAL |
diastereomeric doubly bridged biphenyl azepines atropos at degrees c and tropos at degrees c are precursors to ERP iminium organocatalysts that are employed in the enantioselective epoxidation of prochiral olefins up to ee | MEDAL |
mycobacterium bovis infection of cattle and other domesticated animals exacts a significant economic toll in both economically developing and industrialized countries vaccination of herds andor wild animals that share their grazing land and serve as reservoirs of infection has been proposed as a strategy to combat bovine tuberculosis however the only currently available vaccine m bovis bacille calmetteguerin bcg is not highly efficacious here we show that a live recombinant vaccine rbcg which expresses C1 amounts of the mycobacterium tuberculosis kda L1 sec protein is more efficacious against bovine tuberculosis than bcg in the highly demanding guinea pig MM of pulmonary tuberculosis compared with the parental wildtype bcg CS rbcg administered intradermally induced significantly greater cellmediated and humoral immune responses against the kda protein as determined by measuring cutaneous delayedtype hypersensitivity and antibody titers as for potency in three independent experiments rbcg induced greater protective immunity than bcg against aerosol challenge with a highly virulent CS of m bovis reducing the burden of m bovis by log colonyforming units cfu in the lung p and by log cfu in the spleen p below the level in bcgimmunized animals a recombinant bcg vaccine overexpressing the MZ m bovis kda protein rbcgmb also induced greater cellmediated and HI against the kda protein than bcg and greater protective immunity against m bovis challenge however its potency was not significantly different from rbcg as rbcg is significantly more potent than bcg against m bovis challenge it has potential as a vaccine against bovine tuberculosis in domesticated animals and in wild animal reservoirs | MEDAL |
a systematic study has been performed of the PA of a C1 family of agonists and antagonists of the alphaadrenoceptor at the blypg level of theory after a conformational search all the n atoms were considered as protonation CS and protonation energy values were determined the inclusion of solvation by means of the onsager model yielded stabilization in the proton affinity values obtained in addition a good rho was found between the PA values corresponding to the first protonation in gas phase of some of the compounds and their corresponding experimental affinity constants ki for the alphaa adrenergic receptor | MEDAL |
due to our dissatisfaction with the mutilation caused by the skinlined open thoracostomy we have developed a dedicated prosthesis that is expected to avoid or to substitute for the classic operation the prosthesis is a corrugated silicone tube with an oval flange at one end to fix it internally and a mobile ring on the other to fix it externally it is inserted at the bottom of the empyematic cavity after cm of a rib is removed we have used it in patients whose empyema was AA to pneumonia or complications of pneumonectomy lobectomy decortication or pleuroscopy six of those patients have already been cured and their prosthesis removed after to days in with a persistent postpneumonectomy bronchopleural fistula the device was removed after days and the patient was submitted to a limited thoracoplasty six other patients still have unresolved cavities and have been using the prosthesis for to days seven patients died of their underlying disease BL pneumonia acquired immunodeficiency syndrome mesothelioma HF and pulmonary embolism unknown after using the prosthesis for to days in those patients from whom the prosthesis already has been removed the scar looks like those commonly seen after removal of an ordinary CT based on these early favorable results we feel most encouraged to persist in this research nevertheless we are aware that a larger number of patients and a longer followup will be necessary before we may make definitive recommendations | MEDAL |
human granulocytic ehrlichiosis hge is an emerging infection caused by an ehrlichia species closely related to ehrlichia equi and ehrlichia phagocytophila recent advances in the isolation and cultivation of this organism have allowed us to develop an immunofluorescence CA ifa enzyme immunoassay eia and western immunoblotting wb using hl cell culturederived human isolates antibody was detected in sera from cultureconfirmed hge patients by ifa and eia and these samples were reactive when analyzed by immunoblot analysis hge patient sera had high antibody titers and did not react with uninfected hl cells when ifa eia and wb were used to analyze sera from healthy donors or those with a range of other disorders including infections caused by ehrlichia chaffeensis rickettsia rickettsii and coxiella burnetti no significant crossreactivity could be detected by eia or immunoblot analysis with the exception of two of four SS samples from r rickettsiiinfected patients that were reactive by ifa only sera from hge patients did not significantly crossreact in serologic tests for Bb using sera from patients previously enrolled in two clinical trials of treatment for early lyme disease we evaluated a twostep approach for estimation of the seroprevalence of antibodies reactive with the etiologic agent of hge on the basis of the IBA results for sera from cultureconfirmed hge patients wb was used to confirm the specificity of the antibody detected by eia and ifa eia was found to be superior to ifa in the ability to detect wbconfirmed antibodies to the hge agent when eia and wb were used patients with early lyme disease n had either specific immunoglobulin m igm or igg antibodies patients had igm only had igg only and had both igm and igg therefore lyme disease patients are at high potential risk for exposure to ehrlichia analysis by immunoblotting of serial samples from persons with cultureconfirmed hge or patients with LD and antibodies to the agent of hge revealed a reproducible DP of the immune response to specific antigens these samples confirmed the importance of the to kda antigens as early persistent and TPS markers of hge infection other significant immunogenic proteins appear at and kda use of the twotest method of screening by eia and confirming the specificity by wb appears to offer a sound RPA to the clinical immunodiagnosis of hge | MEDAL |
to report the PSA PFS bpfs in hormonenaive men aged or years who underwent brachytherapy with or without supplemental external beam radiation therapy ebrt as despite favourable biochemical control rates with brachytherapy there remains a reluctance to recommend nonextirpative approaches for young men with clinically localized prostate cancer | MEDAL |
the national institutes of health consensus OD conference on clinical use of botulinum toxin brought together neurologists ophthalmologists otolaryngologists speech pathologists and other health care professionals as well as the public to address the mechanisms of action of botulinum toxin the indications and contraindications for botulinum toxin treatment the general principles of technique of i.t. and handling for its safe and ERP use and the shortterm and LT SE and complications of therapy following days of presentations by experts and discussion by the audience a consensus panel weighed the evidence and prepared their consensus statement among their findings the panel recommended that botulinum toxin therapy is safe and effective for treating strabismus blepharospasm HFS adductor spasmodic dysphonia jawclosing oromandibular dystonia and cervical dystonia botulinum toxin is not curative in chronic neurological disorders the safety of botulinum toxin therapy during pregnancy breast feeding and chronic use during childhood is unknown the LT effects of chronic treatment with botulinum toxin remain unknown and botulinum toxin should be po by committed interdisciplinary teams of physicians and related HCPs with appropriate instrumentation the full text of the consensus panels statement follows | MEDAL |
dna repair mechanisms are essential for cellular survival in mammals a rapid repair of dna breaks ensures faster growth of normal cells as well as CA cells making dna repair machinery a potential therapeutic target although efficiency of these repair processes substantially decrease the tau of cancer chemotherapies that target dna compromised dna repair contributes to mutagenesis and genomic instability leading to carcinogenesis thus an ideal target in dna repair mechanisms would be one that specifically kills the rapidly dividing CA cells without further mutagenesis and does not affect normal cells endoe who underwent longterm cyclophosphamide treatment and thereafter developed acute myelogenous one aml after the aml was induced into remission the patient received an allo-SCT allosct from his sibling T3 undergoing a reducedintensity conditioning regimen his clinical course shortly after allosct was uneventful no clinically apparent acute or chronic graftversushost disease developed repeated analysis of the peripheral blood lymphocytes Tx showed complete donor chimerism the level of proteinase ANCA pranca remained undetectable until months after transplantation when it began to increase when the level of pranca peaked the patient suddenly presented with fever and joint pain which later spontaneously resolved in parallel with the declining titer of pranca he is now in remission for both aml and wg at months Tx the patients clinical course after allosct may provide us with valuable information regarding the establishment of allosct as a therapeutic option for wg | MEDAL |
the posterior interosseous nerve palsy is a neuropathy of radial nerve interesting its deep motor branch the neuropathy can appear with a hollow in the proximal half of the forearm without significant swelling a complete loss of extension of the fingers with radial deviation of the wrist during extension in some cases pin compression may simulate tendon rupture in rheumatologic diseases because the pain and the paralysis occur suddenly so often can be difficult to make a diagnosis the palsy is caused by compression of the posterior interosseous nerve from soft tissue tumours or tumourlike masses ganglions lipomas RA synovitis SC fibromas neurofibromas bursitis synovial cysts of the elbow and radioulnar PT joints the aim of our research was to individuate the better treatment for the posterior interosseous nerve palsy | MEDAL |
photoinduced electron transfer from tyrosine to the flavin chromophore is involved in activation of bluf sensor of blue light using fad photoreceptors we studied the electron transfer et coupled with protontransfer pt reactions by means of xmcqdptcasscf calculations on a molecular cluster model by defining a minimum AS space in the casscf calculations we could compute the entire photoreaction pathway we find that the crossing of the locally excited and et states is located along the flavin bondstretching coordinate the et state is stabilized by a proton transfer from the electron donor to the QA we mapped two different pt pathways from tyrosine to flavin via the conserved glutamine these reactions generate a tautomeric form of glutamine along the pt coordinates we find geometries where the et and the electronic ground states degenerate at the state crossing structures either formation of the ground state biradical intermediate or a relaxanvestigated expression of the central sheddases for egfr ligands adam and adam in the healthy and INF esophagus next we used pharmaceutical inhibitors and smallinterfering rnamediated knock down of adam and adam to reveal that adaminduced shedding of tgfα is a crucial step in the induction of hbd expression in response to candida infection in conclusion we describe for the first time an autocrine ilβ loop responsible for the induction of hbd expression and an adamtgfαegfrmapkap pathway leading to hbd upregulation in the course of a candida infection of the esophagus | MEDAL |
aspergillosis is a disease caused by the opportunistic pathogen aspergillus fumigatus and other related fungi it occurs mainly in immunosuppressed people and causes very high mortality rates a fumigatus and other pathogenic fungi have been shown to produce a metabolite GT which has IS properties in vitro but little is known about its in vivo activity here we report that GT has increased toxicity in mice after irradiation a single i.t. of gliotoxin delayed the recovery of immune cells after immunosuppression by sublethal irradiation by weeks T0 of the morphology of cells of the thymus SP and MES CL nodes by light microscopy and electron microscopy and agarose gel PACE of dna from these organs showed that the i.t. of gliotoxin induced apoptosis in cells of the immune system in vivo thus gliotoxin does have IS activity in vivo and could potentially play a significant role in the pathogenesis of aspergillosis and other fungal diseases | MEDAL |
we present a case of a near total amputation at the distal tibial level in which the patient emphatically wanted to save the leg the anterior and PT SN were intact indicating a high possibility of sensory REC after revascularization the patient had open fractures at the tibia and fibula but no bone shortening was performed the posterior tibial vessels were reconstructed with an interposition saphenous vein VG from the CL side and a usable anterior tibial artery VG from the undamaged ipsilateral distal portions the skin and soft tissue defects were covered using a subatmospheric pressure system for demarcating the wound and a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous free flap for definite coverage of the wound at months after surgery the patient was ambulatory without requiring additional procedures replantation without bone shortening with use of vessel grafts and temporary coverage of the wound with subatmospheric pressure dressings before definite coverage can shorten recovery time | MEDAL |
iron is an essential trace PE that plays important roles in the cellular function of all organs and systems however the function of feii in mammalian embryo development is unknown in this T0 we investigated the role of feii during preimplantation embryo OD depletion of feii using thiosemicarbazone tsc a specific feii chelator rescued quenching of the feiisensitive fluorophore phen greensk after in IVF tsc significantly reduced the cleavage rate as well as blastocyst formation the hatch rate of blastocysts was also reduced with pm tsc treatment ± versus ± p blastocysts were cultured in leukemia inhibitory factorfree mouse embryonic SC culture medium with or without tsc and those with depleted feii displayed delayed attachment and lost the ability to induce embryoid body formation to further explore the mechanism of feii in embryo development we assessed the expression of hydroxymethylcytosine hmc and oct in the pronuclear and blastocyst stages respectively we observed that feii reduced hmc and oct expression which could be explained by low teneleven translocation tet enzyme activity induced by tsc treatment these findings demonstrate that feii is required for rat embryo OD and that it facilitates the process via regulation of tet activity | MEDAL |
in asthmatics alphaadrenergic blockage with oral phentolamine partially or completely blocked bronchospasm after maximal exercise challenge bronchial reactivity to isocapnic hyperventilation with CS cold air was also reduced however nonspecific airways CR to inhaled histamine did not change therefore exercise and cold induced bronchospasm in asthma may be partially mediated by alpha adrenergic neural mechanisms perhaps through sensitization of alpha receptors during airway cooling | MEDAL |
two immunised and three unimmunised cows were infected in a single MG with cfu of the vaccine escherichia coli CS immunisation comprised systemic subcutaneous i.t. of killed bacteria at dryingoff and one intramammary infusion five weeks later immunoglobulin ig g igg lgm SS Al bsa and LF concentrations were monitored by sampling the inoculated PG at hintervals during the first h postinoculation then at each milking for four days whether immunised or not mammary glands started to react at h postinoculation during the early acute phase igg and igg permeated from blood into milk at a rate similar to bsa later on igm and at a lower degree igg concentrations were higher than expected on the basis of passive transfer marked protein exudation was seen in all of the cows but one nevertheless this cow immunised showed an intense cellular reaction like the other animals LF concentrations rose from h postinoculation and remained elevated to the end of the observed period in inoculated quarters in unimmunised cows by contrast in immunised cows LF concentrations remained low heatlabile bactericidal activity against a serumsensitive e coli strain appeared concomitantly with rise in bsa concentration heatresistant bactericidal activity of cellfree milk was detected one or two days later in three of the cows bacteriological cure of quarters occurred without therapy in all cases | MEDAL |
we investigated whether low mitochondrial dna copy number mtdnacn in peripheral blood WBCs at diagnosis was associated with an increased risk of the aggressive form of the tumor and disease progression among localized prostate CA pca patients we recruited nonhispanic white men with previously untreated pca from the university of texas md anderson CA center mtdnacn was categorized into three groups according to tertiles we used multivariate logistic regression to estimate the odds ratios ors and percent confidence intervals cis for the association of mtdnacn with the risk of having aggressive pca at diagnosis we used cox proportional hazards MM to estimate hazard ratios hrs and cis for disease progression we observed an inverse association between aggressiveness of pca and mtdnacn p in MVA compared to patients in the highest tertile of mtdnacn those in the second and lowest tertiles had significantly increased risks of presenting with the highrisk form of pca as defined by the damico criteria with ors of ci p and ci p respectively furthermore pca patients in the lowest and second tertiles combined relative to those in the highest tertile had a increased risk of PD hr ci p in summary our results suggested that low mtdnacn in IP blood leukocytes was associated with aggressive pca at diagnosis and might further predict poor progressionfree survival among localized pca patients | MEDAL |
not only does ED ed reflect penile V1 disorder in the majority of patients but it also implicates their high SVR cardiovascular risk based on the principle of reactive hyperemia after a brief period of penile ischemia in this study we tested the validity of a new penile arterial waveform analyzer pawa in assessing the relative increase in postischemic penile perfusion twenty young AD males mean age ± without known history of cardiovascular diseases were recruited whose anthropometric characteristics were recorded and their ST C2 as well as biochemical profiles were determined a penile cuff was applied to each subject with cuff pressure being increased from to mmhg each for min followed by reperfusion for min by dividing the area under waveform contour of hyperemic and baseline signals T3 ensemble empirical mode decomposition eemd a penile perfusion index ppi was calculated PBI pbi was also obtained for comparison the results not only showed a significant PA between ppi and ST C2 but also a superiority of ppi to pbi in distinguishing the high and lowrisk groups for potential ed ppi p vs pbi p ppi was also demonstrated to show significant correlations with waist circumference p body mass index p body weight total triglyceride highdensity lipoprotein and systolic and diastolic pressures all p in conclusion we proposed a portable and easytooperate system in assessing the relative increase in penile perfusion T3 brief ischemia the ppi thus obtained correlated significantly with serum testosterone C2 as well as key anthropometric and SS biochemical parameters even in apparently healthy young adults suggesting its potential as a CS tool in monitoring penile vascular CF and risk for ed | MEDAL |
MIF mif is a multifunctional protein that exhibits an intrinsic thiol protein oxidn operative time was min range conversion to standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy was required for one patient for a difficult haemostasis intraoperative cholangiography was performed for patients seven patients were discharged on the same day of the operation median hospital stay was day range no postoperative complications were observed one patient was reoperated on the same day of surgery because of unexplained abdominal pain and leucocytosis but relaparoscopy demonstrated no fluid collection on the st postoperative day median vas was most patients declared to be satisfied with the result of the T0 and the resulting scar transumbilical singleport access cholecystectomy is feasible using standard laparoscopic instruments it may reduce morbidity postoperative pain and may offer cosmetic advantages compared with standard laparoscopic RPA however presently the procedure may be performed only by surgeons with wide experience with this operation through standard laparoscopic access | MEDAL |
grains of dust that predate the sun provide insights into their formation around other stars and into the early evolution of the solar system nanodiamonds recovered from meteorites which originate in asteroids have been thought to be the most abundant type of presolar grain if that is true then nanodiamonds should be at least as abundant in comets because they are thought to have formed further out in the early solar system than the asteroid parent HB and because they should be more pristine here we report that nanodiamonds are absent or very depleted in fragile carbonrich interplanetary dust particles some of which enter the atmosphere at speeds within the range of cometary meteors one interpretation of the results is that some perhaps most nanodiamonds formed within the inner solar system and are not presolar at all consistent with the recent detection of nanodiamonds within the accretion discs of other young stars an alternative explanation is that all meteoritic nanodiamonds are indeed presolar but that their abundance decreases with heliocentric distance in which case our understanding of largescale transport and circulation within the early solar system is incomplete | MEDAL |
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