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the focus concerns psychobiological risk AF in the OD of antisocial behavior among male and female subjects using longitudinal data violent and nonviolent criminal offences were studied in relation to childhood vulnerability indicators normbreaking SMB in adolescence and to personality traits and PSA measures in AD age subsequently levels of normbreaking behavior in adolescence were studied as related to personality and PSA measures in AD age data were obtained from a representative group of male and female subjects as teacher ratings of behavior at age assumed to differentially reflect vulnerability to externalizing and internalizing psychosocial disturbances selfratings of normbreaking behaviors at age karolinska scales of personality scores and PSA measures at age years and records for criminal offences up to age in both the male and female CG criminal offences during the life span were associated with childhood externalizing and adolescent normbreaking SMB furthermore in the male group criminal and violent offences were associated with adult psychopathyrelated personality traits and a PSA indicator of psychosocial vulnerability platelet monoamine oxidase mao activity among female subjects criminal offenders displayed significantly lower mao activity in comparison to noncriminals high levels of normbreaking behavior in adolescence were associated with AD high impulsiveness low socialization and low platelet mao activity in both male and female subjects the results of the analyses were used as a basis for some theoretical and methodological conclusions | MEDAL |
irritation and negative valence are closely associated in perception however these perceptual aspects can be dissociated in olfaction where irritation can accompany both pleasant and unpleasant odorants whereas the sensation of odor reflects transduction at olfactory receptors irritation reflects concurrent transduction of the odorant at TG receptors thus a CS- can be either a pure olfactant activating the olfactory receptors only or a bimodal odorant activating both types of receptors using eventrelated functional magnetic resonance imaging and a x exp design contrasting odorant valence pleasantunpleasant and odorant type pure olfactantbimodal we found activity in piriform SC to be associated with valence and not type of odors in contrast activity in the OT was associated with type and not valence of odors importantly this was found when perceived intensity was held equal across odorants these findings suggest that dissociable neural substrates subserve the encoding of irritation and valence in olfaction | MEDAL |
the triphorid genera inella and strobiligera are historically considered to represent one or two distinct groups with recent studies claiming that strobiligera comprises species with paucispiral or multispiral protoconchs whereas only species with paucispiral protoconch occur in inella the present study aims to update the taxonomy of inella and strobiligera with paucispiral protoconchs from brazil three main groups are recognized inella ss and strobiligera show a simultaneous emergence of the three spiral cords of the teleoconch the former possessing a discrete nucleus and the latter bearing a distinct globose protoconch the pseudo inella group has a late emergence of the median spiral cord of teleoconch four species were previously recorded from brazil i unicornium i longissima s pompona and s compsa of which the three latter records are disregarded for being based on shells with broken apices and consequent uncertainty of ID twenty species in fact occur in brazil inella ss is represented by i apexbilirata and one possible new species pseudo inella includes inella differens inella faberi inella galo sp nov inella euconfio sp nov inella leucocephala sp nov inella faceta sp nov inella maculata sp nov inella vanilla sp nov and three possible new species strobiligera is represented by s unicornium comb nov s gaesona s dinea strobiligera campista sp nov strobiligera santista sp nov and two possible new species the pseudo inella group is probably derived from unrelated lineages that converged to a simple type of paucispiral protoconch requiring the examination of radular morphology to properly reallocate those species the supposed restricted geographical range of triphorids with lecithotrophic development requires future investigations of the five species from the northwestern atlanticcaribbean that are herein recorded to brazil key words triphoroidea marine molluscs lecithotrophic OD western atlantic introduction triphoridae is a speciose family of marine snails that feed on sponges with recent valid species worms and hundreds of undescribed species albano et al the genus inella bayle is one of the most challenging taxa in triphoridae especially because of its uncertain taxonomic limits and high number of described species marshall inella and strobiligera dall are historically considered to represent one or two distinct groups with recent studies claiming that strobiligera comprises species with paucispiral or multispiral protoconchs whereas only species with paucispiral protoconchs occur in inella fernandes pimenta a brief taxonomic overview of this issue will be addressed in the next lineshinds proposed the name ino preoccupied by the crustacean genus ino schrank inella bayle is a replacement name for cylindrical elongated and acuminated triphorid shells jousseaume added that the shell of inella is composed of at least whorls sculptured by spiral tubercles with the last whorl presenting a depressed base and two apertures ie the true aperture and the anterior canal laseron recognized that the inella concept of hinds mixed different shell types however laseron broadened the definitions of inella as he also stated warning that the use of protoconchs could need further generic revision kosuge defined inella as having axial sculpture and three spiral cords on the teleoconch a blunt and domeshaped protoconch with a few spiral ridges and suggested that inella belongs to the most advanced group of triphorids marshall proposed the distinction between the triphora group and the inella group composed of inella bayle and related genera in triphorinae perhaps worthy of subfamily distinction although this division is still informal marquet marshall also applied the term inella sl recognizing that it contains a number of natural groups that are worthy of genusgroup status most of which are as yet unnamed simone interpreted inella as triphorids with a very elongated shell a relatively straight spire profile and a projected aperture rolán fernándezgarcés followed the concept of the catchall taxon inella sl uniting several species with very different shell forms under a more or less CP protoconch of inella ie without axial sculpture fernandes pimenta recognized that lecithotrophic species of strobiligera have a very inflated protoconch following dall which is distinct from the reduced nucleus observed in inella sl thus substantially reducing the number of species from the atlantic ocean previously allocated to the latter marshall did not indicate any junior synonym for inella but rolán fernándezgarcés placed the type species of strobiligera within inella which was later rejected by fernandes pimenta marquet mentioned that marshall placed norephora in synonymy with inella this is not true as marshall only indicated that norephora is probably closely related to inella bayle when compared with talophora gründel in fact fernandes pimenta suggested that norephora is probably a synonym of subulophora laseron pending further investigation wenz apud kosuge suggested that tristoma menke and biforina bucquoy dautzenberg dollfus were synonyms of inella but marshall stated that the first is a synonym of triphora blainville and the second is a synonym of monophorus grillo although many species remain to be described in these genera inella and strobiligera are represented altogether by recent species worldwide bouchet rosenberg bouchet gofas both genera are particularly common in midlow depths of the continental shelf and in the continental Mw especially strobiligera fernandes pimenta a species with paucispiral protoconchs in both CG are absent from the eastern atlantic eg bouchet rolán although wellrepresented in the western atlantic with recent species simone rolán fernándezgarcés mainly in the caribbean and adjacent regions only four of these species were reported from brazil inella unicornium simone is the only endemic species of this genus in brazil strobiligera compsa dall and strobiligera pompona dall were respectively considered misidentifications of absalão and rios by fernandes pimenta and inella longissima dall reported by rios from southern brazil replacing his prior ID of inella triserialis dall rios the main oas the first oral diseasemodifying therapy dmt for relapsingremitting multiple sclerosis ms whose mechanisms of action moa includes sequestration of pathogenic lymphocytes into AA lymphoid organs as well as astrocytic modulation via downregulation of the sphingosine phosphate SPR sp | MEDAL |
glu catabolism and the AF contributing to metabolic stability of purified suspensions of rickettsia rickettsi were investigated by use of cglutamate it was shown that co was produced from all carbons of glu and that co production was reduced by the addition of most of the unlabeled intermediates of the citric acid cycle and Pyr oxalacetate added in various concentrations did not stimulate glutamate utilization when the cells were suspended in BPA bpa co production from glu proceeded at a nearly uniform rate for hr at c and for hr at c when bpa was used the cells retained their metabolic activity at or c regardless of cell concentration and were not influenced by the addition of varoius metabolites without bpa metabolic stability was directly related to concentration of the stabilizers tested on low concentrations of rickettsiae reduced glutathione was the most ERP provided that the gas phase contained predominantly n under these conditions of low partial pressure of o glutamate further stabilized metabolic activity and was actively metabolized the cells were also stabilized by oxidized glutathione in a gas phase of air but under these conditions glutamate was utilized at a more moderate rate and it impaired metabolic stability | MEDAL |
selfassembled monolayers sams of ntriethoxysilylpropylhydroxybutyramide were prepared on Si oxide on silicon sisio initial silane adsorption and hightemperature annealing led to a SD base ML with many C1 overlying islands of disordered multilayers as a result of the nonselflimited growth process the disordered multilayers were hydrolyzed and subsequently removed by co snow treatment the resulting films were one ML thick as measured by ellipsometry atomic force microscopy attenuated total reflection fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and contact angle analysis showed that the films were composed of monolayers with full and uniform surface coverage rather than nonuniform coverage by islands or patches of multilayers monolayers of octadecyltrichlorosilane were also prepared by multilayer removal via co treatment showing the general applicability of the technique toward siloxane sams we believe that co is an excellent solvent for weakly bound and hydrolyzed molecules that compose multilayers and this ability to prepare nearperfect ML films from imperfect ones allows for less stringent formation conditions | MEDAL |
previous reports have suggested that both repetitive head trauma and a single injury can be associated with the presence of diffuse beta a amyloid protein plaques in LT survivors we have studied sixteen patients aged years who sustained HI and survived for only days IS with an antibody to beta a amyloid showed extensive deposits of the protein in the cortex in six of the sixteen patients thus severe head injury can trigger beta a deposition in the brain within days | MEDAL |
leptin is a hormone that regulates energy homeostasis inflammation hematopoiesis and immune response among other functions houseknecht et al zhang et al pazfilho et al to obtain its crystallographic structure it was necessary to substitute a tryptophan for a glutamic acid at position thus creating a mutant OB that has been reported to have biological activity comparable to the activity of the wild type but that crystallizes more readily here we report a comparative study of the conformational space of wt and we leptin using molecular dynamics simulations performed at and k we detected differences between the interactions of the two proteins with local and distal effects resulting in changes in the conformation accessible surface area compactness electrostatic potential and dynamic SMB additionally the series of unfolding events that occur when leptin is subjected to high temperature differs for the two constructs we observed that both proteins are mostly unstructured after ns of md simulation at k however wt leptin maintains a significant amount of AA structure in helix α while the most stable region of we OB is helix α furthermore we found that the region between residues and might adopt interconverting AA structures ranging from αhelices and random coils to βstrand structures thus this region can be considered an intrinsically disordered region this atomistic description supports our understanding of OB signaling and consequently might facilitate the use of OB in treatments for the pathophysiologies in which it is implicated | MEDAL |
diffusion tractography of magnetic resonance imaging mri such as DWI tensor tractography allows us to visualize VWM tracts in vivo and to T0 white matter integrity quantitatively virtual dissection of the living human brain can be performed in the first time we developed tracking software dtv and volumeone in as a freeware httpwwwutradiologyuminjppeoplemasutanidtv htm and we used it to visualize eloquent WG matter bundles with relationship to BT cerebral infarctions and other lesions we also used it for quantitative measurement of the TPS tracts segmented by diffusion tensor tractography tractspecific analysis to reveal abnormalities in socalled normal appearing WG matter three dimensional visualization of the WG matter fibers such as CS PT optic radiation and arcuate fasciculus with relationship to BB tumors such as gliomas was extremely helpful for preoperative evaluation and intraoperative navigation we correlated tracking with intraoperative electric fiber stimulation to validate fiber tracking in patients with small lacunar infarctions near the CS tracts relationship between the tract and fresh infarction correlated well with final weekslater motor CF quantitative measurement of the tract is a very sensitive tool we analyzed the corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis als changes of the DWI parameters FA and adc of the tracts were observed not only between NCs but also between subtypes of als limb and bulbaronset tract specific analysis can also apply for the limbicrelated tracts such as fornix cingulum uncinate fasciculus and etc we observed differences in some of the fibers in neurocognitivepsychiatric patients such as schizophrenia and alzheimer disease using fiber tracking we can now develop VWM mapping we visualized components of the PT fibers from foot hand face motor areas separately and made a probabilistic map DWI tractography is a unique tool to visualize and segment the VWM pathways and one can evaluate the segmented tract quantitatively importance of this tool will become more significant in clinical and neuroscience fields in the future | MEDAL |
the authors surveyed hospitalized patients with serious mental illness and the patients treatment teams to compare their perspectives about appropriate housing and support services following hospital discharge the results showed that the opinions of patients and treatment teams differed markedly on housing preferences but converged on many basic service needs patients preferred more IL arrangements while treatment teams favored more structured environments the authors believe that these conflicting views must be reconciled if patient preferences are to be reflected in discharge planning | MEDAL |
the functional partitioning of the cerebellar cortex depends on the projection patterns of its afferent and efferent neurons however the entire morphology of individual projection SN has been demonstrated in only a few classes of SN in the vertebrate cns to investigate the contribution of the projection pattern of individual olivocerebellar axons to the cerebellar functional compartmentalization we labeled individual olivocerebellar axons which terminate in the cerebellar SC as climbing fibers with biotinylated dextran amine injected into the IO in the rat and completely reconstructed the entire trajectories of olivocerebellar axons from serial sections of the cerebellum and medulla single axons had seven CFs on average which terminated at similar distances from the midline in a single or in multiple lobules cortical projection Az of adjacent olivary SN were clustered as narrow but separate longitudinal segments and often innervated by collaterals of single SN comparison of the cerebellar CSD of olivocerebellar axons arising from different sites within a single olivary subnucleus indicated that slightly distant neurons projected to cDNA sets of such segments in a single longitudinal band several of these longitudinal bands formed a socalled parasagittal zone innervated by a subnucleus of the inferior olive single olivocerebellar axons projected rostrocaudally to segments within a single band but did not project mediolaterally to multiple bands these results suggest fine substructural organization in the cerebellar compartmentalization that may represent functional units | MEDAL |
unstimulated and stimulated whole and unstimulated and stimulated parotid saliva were collected from subjected in three groups i control ii seizure subjects ingesting phenytoin and without gingival overgrowth iii seizure subjects receiving phenytoin and with grades and GO unstimulated whole saliva was obtained from mentally retarded donors with grade phenytoin associated GO the samples were analyzed for protein lysozyme lactoperoxidase lactoferrin and aggregation capacity towards streptococcus sanguis differences occurred in the salivary composition of patients ingesting phenytoin no deficiencies of flow rate protein or the specific proteins were found in subjects ingesting phenytoin instead the only changes in these parameters were greater concentrations or secretion rates several differences occurred only in subjects with GO these latter differences were prominent in unstimulated whole saliva the data demonstrate changes in the oral cavity environment of patients ingesting phenytoin these differences however do not have an obvious relationship to development of phenytoin associated gingival overgrowth some of the salivary changes occurred in patients undergoing therapy for seizures both with phenytoin and with other drugs increased amounts of unstimulated whole saliva components likely are due to excess tissue rather than a phenytoin effect on salivary gland secretions in addition most of the changes in salivary composition would not be expected to produce an environment the encourages plaque accumulation | MEDAL |
stroke is a third leading cause of death and oxygen FRs have been shown to be involved in its pathophysiology in the present T0 we have investigated neuroprotective potential of trolox a free radical scavenger in bilateral CAs occlusion min model of global cerebral ischemia in mongolian gerbils gerbils were treated with trolox or mgkg ip min prior to occlusion there was a significant increase in neurological PS and locomotor activity in ICM animals as compared with the sham these effects were attenuated by trolox mgkg ip significant increase in the number of the surviving neurons in the hippocampal ca pyramidal region was observed in ischemic animals treated with trolox mgkg ip there was significant increase in the level of malondialdehyde mda in ICM animals indicating oxidative AS elevated C2 of mda in ICM animals micrommg of protein were reduced micrommg of protein and micrommg of protein by trolox and mgkg ip respectively this T0 demonstrates the neuroprotective potential of trolox in GCI in gerbils | MEDAL |
hypoplastic MDS syndrome hmds is a distinct entity with bone marrow bm hypocellularity and the risk of death from bm failure bmf to elucidate the characteristics of hmds the data of patients diagnosed between april and march were collected from institutions and the CE review team of the national research group on idiopathic bone marrow failure syndromes and compared with nonhmds patients more ra and fewer cmmol and raebt in frenchamericanbritish fab and more rcud and mdsu and fewer rcmd in world health organization who classifications were found in hmds than nonhmds with significant differences the overall survival os and aml progressionfree survival amlpfs of hmds were higher than those of nonhmds especially in patients at age ⥠and of lower risk in revised international prognostic scoring system ipssr in competing risks analysis hmds exhibited decreased risk of amlprogression in lower ipss or ipssr risk patients and higher risk of death from bmf in patients at age ⥠poor performance status ps ⥠and high karyotype risks in ipssr high and very high were significant risk AF of death and amlprogression in cox proportional hazards analysis | MEDAL |
a marker linkage map of glycine max l merr n was established by anchoring rapd markers to an existing rflp map built with a C1 recombinant inbred line population rils this map comprises major and minor linkage CG for this genome which is estimated to be approximately cm the rapd markers show similar distribution throughout the genome and identified similar C2 of polymorphism as the rflp markers used in the framework by using a subset population to anchor the rapd markers it was possible to enhance the throughput of selecting and adding reliable marker loci to the existing map the procedures to generate a dependable genetic linkage map are also described in this report | MEDAL |
to investigate the mechanism of an apical middiastolic rumble in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy hcm we recorded left VVI lv inflow velocity patterns using pulsed doppler echocardiography and apexcardiography for hcm patients with rumble and hcm patients without rumble controls consist of normal subjects three patients with CAVB and two patients with artificial RA VVI pacemakers the lv inflow velocity profiles were analyzed in terms of acceleration time at and deceleration time dt of the rapid filling wave and the ratio of peak velocity of the atrial contraction wave to that of the rapid filling wave ad ratio the results were as follows the apical middiastolic murmur in hcm had a crescendodecrescendo character mainly of medium frequency and increased in intensity T3 the inhalation of amyl nitrite all patients with rumble had ASH and the five of these had lv outflow obstruction in six of the patients with rumble mild MR was detected in hcm with rumble the at tended to be shorter than that of hcm without rumble but it was significantly longer than the at of normal subjects in hcm with rumble the dt was significantly shorter than that of hcm without rumble but it was significantly longer than the dt of normal subjects there was no significant difference in the ad ratio between the hcm with rumble and the normal subjects but the ah ratio of the apexcardiogram was significantly increased in hcm with rumble as compared with those of hcm without rumble and of the normal subjects the lv dimension was significantly decreased in hcm with rumble as compared with those of hcm without rumble and the normal subjects peak negative vcf was significantly decreased in hcm with rumble as compared with that of hcm without rumble but there was no significant difference in this parameter between hcm with rumble and the normal subjects in simultaneous recordings of apical middiastolic rumble and lv inflow velocity patterns the rumble appeared to start T3 the beginning of the diastolic rapid filling wave and to stop before or at the end of the diastolic rapid filling wave in patients with CAVB and with artificial RA VVI pacemakers the apical middiastolic rumble appeared when the p wave was during the rapid filling phase of the left ventricleabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
the ratio of pepsinogen i to pepsinogen ii in the circulation decreases progressively with increasing severity of atrophic gastritis of the fundic gland mucosa fasting blood was obtained from freeliving and institutionalized elderly people age range to years a pepsinogen ipepsinogen ii ratio less than indicating atrophic gastritis was found in subjects the prevalence of atrophic gastritis increased significantly with advancing age p less than within the atrophic gastritis group had a pepsinogen i level greater than or equal to microgramsl indicating mild to moderate atrophic gastritis and had a pepsinogen i level less than microgramsl indicating severe atrophic gastritis or gastric atrophy a significant increase in the prevalences of elevated SS gastrin C2 p less than low serum vitamin b levels p less than circulating IF antibody p less than and anemia p less than was observed with stepwise increases in severity of atrophic gastritis subjects with atrophic gastritis exhibited a lower mean SS vitamin b level p less than and a higher mean folate level p less than but no difference was detected in mean hemoglobin C2 or SS C2 of iron ferritin retinol or alphatocopherol it is concluded that serum pepsinogen i and pepsinogen ii C2 can be used to determine the prevalence and severity of atrophic gastritis that atrophic gastritis is common in an elderly population and that atrophic gastritis is associated with vitamin b deficiency and anemia further higher folate C2 in atrophic gastritis may be related to an accumulation of methyl tetrahydrofolate in SS due to vitamin b deficiency andor greater folate synthesis by the intestinal flora resulting from bacterial overgrowth AA to hypo or achlorhydria | MEDAL |
malathion resistance in a strain of culex tarsalis mosquitoes is due primarily to the activity of a malathion carboxylesterase mce the resistant CS was times more resistant to malathion than the susceptible strain and was weakly resistant to malaoxon and carbaryl but not to any other insecticide tested the phenotype could be reversed with the carboxylesterase inhibitor triphenylphosphate but no synergism was observed with either the phosphatase or polysubstrate monooxygenase inhibitors naf and piperonyl butoxide mce is expressed throughout OD and is most concentrated in the gut tissues of the larvae subcellular fractionation indicated that mce was localized primarily in the mitochondria of resistant insects and the cytoplasm of susceptible insects the enzyme was purified to homogeneity from both strains and has a molecular weight of however chromatofocusing indicated that resistant insects have two mces with pis of and while susceptible insects possessed only one mce with a pi of the mce unique to the resistant CS hydrolysed malathion times faster than the mce common to both strains suggesting that malathion resistance in c tarsalis is due to the presence of a qualitatively different esterase in the resistant CS | MEDAL |
overactive bladder and urgency incontinence are common conditions generally treated with oral anticholinergic therapy despite the OD of new antimuscarinic agents many patients do not tolerate or fail to respond to oral therapy intravesical instillation therapy can provide an alternative method of managing bladder overactivity intravesical instillation of anticholinergics such as oxybutynin and atropine can achieve ACh blockade without producing systemic SE botulinum a toxin injected directly into the detrusor has been shown in preliminary studies to increase BC and decrease uncontrolled bladder +dP/dt for up to months intravesical local anesthetics such as lidocaine and bupivacaine block the conduction of unmyelinated c SF and when po into the bladder lead to an increase in PET bladder capacity intravesical capsaicin and resiniferatoxin also affect afferent innervation by blocking cfiber afferents leading to decreased bladder +dP/dt and increased bladder capacity intravesical instillation therapy can provide an alternative treatment for the management of overactive bladder | MEDAL |
the photosensitizing effects of hematoporphyrin derivative mesotetrapsulfonatophenylporphine mesotetrapcarboxyphenylporphine and mesotetranmethylpyridylporphine on cole SC dna were studied using AGE photoinduced single and doublestrand breaks were observed to form under neutral conditions singlet oxygen was shown to predominate in the mechanism of the induction of these lesions in the case of HP derivative mesotetrapsulfonatophenylporphine and mesotetrapcarboxyphenylporphine and to play a significant role in the case of mesotetranmethylpyridylporphine the results suggest the possibility that the risk of photodynamic carcinogenesis may accompany photochemotherapy and fluorescence endoscopic procedures involving porphyrin photosensitizers | MEDAL |
various parameters of transcription of cloned mouse rdna have been examined using extracts from control p cells and from cells treated h with microm dexamethasone HP rna polymerase i from either source catalyzes nucleotidyl transfer elongation at a rate of approximately nucleotidessec extracts from hormonetreated cells are capable of forming SD preinitiation complexes the rates of SD complex formation are the same in extracts from control and hormonetreated cells nevertheless initiation of transcription does not occur in extracts from hormonetreated cells initiation in such extracts may be restored by the addition of a partially purified rna polymerase i initiation factor designated tfic the data indicate that initiation by rna polymerase i is a multistep process the first step involves the formation of SD preinitiation complexes as demonstrated by a number of CG initiation per se requires an additional protein tfic glucocorticoids and perhaps other mitogenic agents regulate transcription of rdna by influencing the amount or activity of tfic | MEDAL |
cystic fibrosis cf patients have endobronchial inflammation caused by infection with mucoid PA since adenovirus vectors are being studied for gene therapy for cf we sought to determine whether bronchopulmonary inflammation would influence adenovirusmediated gene transfer we hypothesized that bronchopulmonary inflammation in mice inoculated with mucoid p aeruginosa would be associated with a decrease in the tau of adenovirusmediated gene transfer agarose beads embedded with mucoid p aeruginosa x cfu per mouse were inoculated transtracheally into B6 mice control mice received sterile agarose beads ten days after inoculation with agarose beads recombinant adenovirus containing the betagalactosidase reporter gene adbeta gal was administered intranasally x iu per mouse and mice were killed days later the extent of inflammation determined by neutrophil numbers in BAL lavage fluid and by areal lung inflammation was significantly greater in mice inoculated with p aeruginosaladen agarose beads and adbeta gal compared with controls mice that had received pseudomonasladen agarose beads and adbeta gal had significantly fewer p airway epithelial cells transduced compared with mice that received sterile agarose beads and adbeta gal these results indicate that the tau of adenovirusmediated gene transfer is reduced in pseudomonasinduced bronchopulmonary inflammation | MEDAL |
changes in the pericapillary microenvironment of adult monthold and senescent monthold fischer rats treated for weeks with daily ip i.v. of brovincamine or apovincamine mgkg were correlated with spontaneous locomotor activity and cdeoxyglucose uptake of the BB the animals were tested for spontaneous locomotor activity in a tunnel maze twentyfour hr T3 behavioral testing and subsequently after a cdeoxyglucose injection brains were removed and capillaries stained with ALP phosphatase reaction being later measured with an opticalelectronic image analysis technique results revealed an increase in intercapillary distance as a CS parameter for capillary density in the hippocampus ca and in the parietal SC area in association with aging capillary diameter in the PC was found to be increased age dependently a similar agerelated increase was also observed in the ca field but this age trend was not significant chronic treatment with the vincamines produced a dosedependent reduction in ICD in senescent animals which approached the level of UT adult control rats significant negative correlations were found between maze locomotion and ICD among senescent rats furthermore intercapillary distance and local relative deoxyglucose uptake tended to be negatively correlated in both age groups these findings provide evidence for the working hypothesis that mean intercapillary distance can be considered as an indicator of neuronal activity in the pericapillary microenvironment | MEDAL |
singlewalled carbon nanotubes swnts were functionalized with a hydroxylterminated silicone oil tsooh it is synthesized by the reactions of carbonyl chloride groups on the surface of swnts and hydroxyl groups of silicone oil tsooh the functionalized product swntstsooh was first used as F0 and selective stationary phase to prepare the solgel derived polyswntstsooh solidphase microextraction spme fiber for determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers pbdes in water samples the possible L1 reaction of the solgel coating process was discussed and confirmed by ir spectra RS and scanning electron microscopy some parameters of spme fiber for the determination of pbdes were investigated by headspace spmegas chromatography with electroncapture detection hsspmegcecd compared with the commercial spme fiber the new coated fiber showed higher SE efficiency to pbdes better thermal stability over degrees c and longer life span over times all of these advantages are mainly due to the incorporation of swnts which enhanced the pipi interaction with pbdes and increased the SA of extraction in contact with the sample moreover the solgel coating technology additionally provided the porous structure of the d silica network and the strong chemical IB provided which also will improve the SE efficiency under optimized conditions the method detection limits for seven pbdes were ngl sn and the precision rsd n was at the ngl level the linearity of the developed method is in the range of ngl with coefficients of rho greater than the developed method was successfully applied for the analysis of trace pbdes in reservoir water and wastewater samples the recoveries obtained at spiking ngl were between and n for pbdes in water samples | MEDAL |
the various methods and techniques applicable to microbiological gynaecology have been described in detail by the authors collected material direct examination how to prepare the sample how to chose a directly usable vital stain the use of non carbolic gentian violet and toluidine bluea stain that yields a maximum of bacteriological parasitological and cytologic informationin salin was more particularity recommended by the authors final preparation fixation and various stainings cultures description of the various usable media clinical and epidemiological survey clinical biotypological socialogical psychological sexological stages and transcription of data on coded cards for ultimate computer processing | MEDAL |
we report on the occurrence of an uncommon pathogen rhodococcus equi re in hiv infection in the period february july we performed the diagnosis of re infection lung lungcentral nervous system in two infected patients aged and years both males drug addicts classified as cdc iv in the first of them an cavitating right bronchopneumonia bpm was diagnosed as of tuberculous origin on the ground of the microscopic demonstration of an acidfast GP CS in bal a standard antituberculous regimen was uneffective and re was eventually isolated in three blood culture taken shortly before the exitus and at postmortem examination of the lungs in the second patient a subclavian RA bpm developed without microbiological evidence of any common pathogen a thirdgeneration cephalosporin course was only partially successful clinical amelioration incomplete clearing of radiological findings T3 months the patient relapsed and an aseptic meningitis developed cultures of blood and csf yielded a re CS postmortem examination revealed a diffuse cavitating bpm our personal experience underlines the difficulty in recognizing re infections in compromised host because of similarity to other entities ie tuberculosis and the absence of pathognomonic hints | MEDAL |
napvsipq nap and all damino acid sallrsipa dsal are neuroprotective peptides derived from activitydependent neuroprotective protein adnp and activitydependent neurotrophic factor adnf respectively both proteins were shown to protect against cognitive impairment using different animal models and to increase neuronal survival following exposure to neurotoxins nap was extensively tested and found to increase microtubule stability protect axonal transport and inhibit apoptosis here we aimed to further evaluate and correlate effects at the behavioral level in a rat MM of diabetes diabetes is primarily a metabolic disorder which presents AA neurological manifestations diabetes induces peripheral nervous system damage which is translated into impaired sensory perception and is termed diabetic neuropathy diabetesrelated CNS system damage causes cognitive decline the behavioral study aimed to evaluate the effect of nap and dsal on peripheral neuropathy and cognitive decline peripheral neuropathy was tested by measuring the response to a thermal stimulus and cognitive ability was measured by a social memory test and a spatial SM test using long and ST dependent tasks and a reference memory task results indicated an immediate sensory neuropathy in the diabetic model which was prevented by both MMP and a later neuropathic phase prevented only by nap treatment cognitive tests revealed impaired performance in both social and spatial memory tests in the diabetes MM each of the MMP improved different aspects of cognitive SMB with nap being more potent than dsal mechanistically both nap and sal contain a sip sxip domain that has been shown to interact with microtubule endbinding proteins ebs specifically we have previously shown a direct interaction of nap with eb and eb we have further shown an interaction of the napderived CAA skip peptide with eb stimulating axonal transport interestingly the all damino acid peptide dskip only partially mimicked skip activity our current results implicate dsal activity with potentially reduced potency compared to nap partially mimicking the skipdskip results and placing the sip sxip motif as a central focus for microtubulebased neuroprotection | MEDAL |
the number of treatment modalities for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes mds has increased but curative options are still limited for the majority of patients with low risk there is no standard therapy other than appropriate supportive care in selected patients anabolic steroids differentiation inducers such as cisretinoic acid ra interferon alpha or gamma have been claimed to be AS application of growth AF such as CFU-GM stimulating factor gmcsf rG-CSF gcsf and interleukin il improves neutrophil count and diminishes frequency of infectious complications but responses are incomplete and of short duration preliminary results of erythropoietin epo applied in therapeutical doses are disappointing giving an improvement in patients epo in large doses produces greater and sustained responses but this treatment is too expensive lowdose cytosine arabinoside arac induces a response rate in patients however no survival advantage has been obtained addition of ra or gmcsf produces response rates comparable to arac CT but also with no prolongation in survival bone marrow transplantation bmt offers a good chance of LT diseasefree survival if is performed in an early stage of the disease or in pCR however it is limited to patients below years with an hlaidentical donor relatively young high risk patients not eligible for allogeneic bmt should be considered for treatment with intensive polychemotherapy | MEDAL |
a total of five hybridoma cell lines that produced monoclonal antibodies mab against a hemolysin bthemolysin produced by bacillus thuringiensis were established and characterized all of these monoclonal antibodies reacted similarly not only to bthemolysin but also to a hemolysin bchemolysin produced by b cereus suggesting that the two hemolysins are immunologically indistinguishable the mab developed in this study was also successfully applied for rapid and simple purification of both bt and bchemolysins by immunoaffinity column chromatography the partial NT amino acid sequence of the purified hemolysins was determined to be ilegluglnthr | MEDAL |
antiangiogenic therapy targeting VE growth factor vegf or its receptor vegfr has proven its effect in the treatment of several types of CA including renal cell carcinoma rcc however treatment can be accompanied by notable adverse effects mild PU and hypertension are often seen but sometimes nephrotic range PU and÷or renal insufficiency develop in recent years insight into the toxic effects of antivegf therapy in the kidney has increased a few biopsies have been done and TM is reported in the majority of cases however other patterns of kidney injury have been described as illustrated by the case of a yearold patient who presented two years T3 initiation of the vegfr inhibitor cediranib with a nephrotic syndrome and ARF kidney biopsy disclosed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis fs gs and interstitial nephritis partial remission was achieved T3 stopping the cediranib and a short course of prednisone we review the different forms of kidney injury that could be caused by antivegf therapy | MEDAL |
a quick and costeffective technique of sample preparation followed by a RP high performance liquid chromatography under organic solventfree AQ conditions for the simultaneous quantifying of sulfadimethoxine sdm and its metabolites hydroxy sdm oh and nacetyl sdm nac in chicken muscle is presented analysis by hplc with photodiode array detector was performed using a short c column with an isocratic moll citric acid mobile phase the method was validated by the analyses of spiked chicken muscle samples resulting recoveries or relative standard deviations or analytical total time hsample where a batch of samples in h and limits of quantitation or microgg the decision limits and PCD capability were and microgg respectively no organic solvents were used at all | MEDAL |
immunization of Le lew rats with guinea pig myelin basic protein mbp induces a population of encephalitogenic cd TA having specificity for the dominant immunogenic peptide of mbp the tcr beta chains of these diseasecausing TA show three distinct features they are almost exclusively vbeta they use aspser as the first two amino acid residues of the third complementaritydetermining region cdr and these junctional region sequences show few if any nongermline nregion nucleotide additions this last feature raises the possibility that these autoimmune t cell precursors derive from tcr gene rearrangements occurring during early perinatal ontogeny a period when the enzyme terminal deoxynucleotidyl GOT tdt responsible for n region additions is not expressed an alternative possibility is that these features of the tcr of mbp reactive t cells are dictated by considerations of antigen selection throughout ontogeny both in the thymus and in the peripheryie that such beta chains are conformationally the most appropriate for triggering by an epitope of complexed to class ii rtbi mhc molecules we show here that active exp allergic encephalomyelitis while delayed in onset occurs in heavily irradiated animals but not in the absence of a thymus a finding indicating that this autoimmune disease is caused by a t cell subpopulation derived from the postirradiation adult thymus these diseasecausing TA are heavily vbeta cdr aspser and use few n region additions we conclude that t cells with these tcr beta chain features can be generated in the adult thymus and most likely reflect requirements imposed by antigen selection | MEDAL |
transthoracic echocardiography tte has become an important modality for the assessment of cardiac structure and function in animal experiments the acquisition of echocardiographic images in rats requires sedationanesthesia to keep the rats immobile commonly used anesthetic regimens include intraperitoneal or inhalational application of various anesthetics several studies have compared the effects of anesthetic agents on echocardiographic parameters in rats however none of them examined the effects of different concentrations of inhalational anesthetics on echocardiographic parameters accordingly the aim of this study was to examine the effects of different concentrations of isoflurane used for anesthesia during tte examination in rats on basic echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular lv anatomy and systolic CF tte examinations were performed in AD male wistar rats n anesthetized with ISO at concentrations of standard echocardiograms were recorded for offline analysis an absence of changes in basic echocardiographic parameters of lv anatomy and systolic function was found under isoflurane anesthesia using concentrations between an ISO concentration of caused a small but statistically significant increase in lv chamber dimensions without a concomitant change in heart rate or fractional shortening for the purpose of tte examination in the rat our results suggest that ISO concentrations can be safely recommended | MEDAL |
the right ear of mice was scalded at degrees c and degrees c for s using the recently developed dip burn MM and examined morphologically and histochemically at intervals for h postburn the left unburned ear served as control burned ears intended for light and electron microscopy were fixed in situ by means of vascular perfusion ears for histochemical studies were cut off and immediately frozen at degrees c the enzyme histochemical analyses comprised a variety of oxidoreductases and hydrolases after a degrees c scald scattered epidermal cell damage was observed with intracellular edema and mitochondrial destruction most MV were patent scalding with degrees c water produced extensive cellular changes in the epidermis from min including mitochondrial alterations tonofilament aggregation and intercellular separations progressing into complete epidermal destruction and lysis at h postburn morphologically many microvessels were occluded by cellular aggregates or debris after EC cell destruction of the histochemical assays the test for succinic dehydrogenase gave conclusive results that correlated well with the morphological findings indicating partial dysfunction of epidermal cells h postburn T3 a degrees c scald and early almost total absence of activity from min PB T3 a degrees c scald injury scalding at degrees c invariably leads to ear CN this might be explained by the epidermal destruction which in turn seems related to mitochondrial viability and microcirculatory blood flow the sensitivity of this exp MM precludes direct comparisons with studies of scalds to skin covering C1 tissue volumes | MEDAL |
the characteristics of cardiac rupture associated with thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction mi were studied in the hearts of autopsy patients men and women aged years mean years who died of rupture of the free wall of the LV following acute mi the site of rupture was examined histologically and the percentage Az of living myocytes the processes of organization CN and degeneration and hemorrhage were compared in four patients who received thrombolytic therapy group r and six patients without TT group n there were four pathological findings at the site of rupture necrosis neutrophil infiltration hemorrhage and evidence of the process of absorption group r consisted of two patients with hemorrhage one with absorption and one with unsuccessful reperfusion and neutrophilic infiltration group n included three patients with necrosis two with neutrophilic infiltration and one with hemorrhage the percentage area involved by CN and degeneration was significantly lower in group r than in group n therefore local stress produced by more surviving myocardium around the smaller CN area and the weakness of myocardium due to hemorrhage and absorption may provoke cardiac rupture in acute mi patients receiving thrombolytic agent | MEDAL |
to determine whether enteral glutamine alters wholebody leucine metabolism in a state of hypercatabolism dogs adapted to a normocaloric lowprotein diet received IM dexamethasone mg kg d for week during separate T0 periods on the last day of each period intravenous infusions of lcleucine and lnglutamine were performed to assess wholebody leucine and glutamine metabolism and duodenal biopsies were obtained to determine gut protein fractional synthesis rate fsr while dogs were receiving EN nutrition the nutrient mixture supplied kcal h nonprotein energy per kg of body weight glucose fat and g CAA per kg h the nutrient mixture was glutaminefree on the control day and supplemented with micromol kg h NK lglutamine on the glutamine day glutamine supplementation induced an approximately rise in plasma glutamine appearance rate p and was associated with an approximately reduction in LO p with no NC in leucine PR from protein breakdown or nonoxidative leucine disposal an index of wholebody protein synthesis glutamine supplementation improved net leucine balance protein synthesisprotein breakdown v micromol kg h p in addition glutamine enhanced intestinal protein fsr by approximately in the dogs where it was assessed we conclude that in hypercatabolic AD dogs in the fed state EN glutamine supplementation acutely decreases leucine oxidation and improves net leucine balance and may thus preserve body protein | MEDAL |
the phe andor tyr residues in dermorphin htyrdalapheglytyrprosernh and its NT hexapeptideamide were replaced by deltaphe or by phe in order to examine the effect on opioid activity on gpi preparation the substitution of phe for tyr was well tolerated whereas the hexa and heptapeptides containing delta phe in position andor displayed low potency the unsaturation at position CT or at positions and was particularly detrimental to mu activity in the tail flick test the influence of unsaturation or substitution at positions and generally matched the results of the in vitro CA dehydropeptides showed comparatively low antinociceptive effects and phe analogues displayed about of the analgesic potency of the original MMP | MEDAL |
nurse educators are constantly seeking opportunities to expose undergraduate students to different cultures this requirement is essential to prepare tomorrows nursing professionals to practice culturally component care in diverse health care environments this article describes a unique collaborative experience between the university of pittsburgh school of nursing and the miami childrens hospital that offers senior baccalaureate students the opportunity to complete one term of clinical experience in a culturally diverse health care facility | MEDAL |
in patients with a repaired cleft palate nasality is typically diagnosed by speech language pathologists in addition there are various instruments to objectively diagnose nasalance to explore the potential of nasalance measurements after cleft palate repair by nasalview | MEDAL |
twentyeight patients with anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections were treated with clindamycin alone or CLI with gentamicin sixteen of the patients presented with pneumonitis nine with necrotizing pneumonia and three with lung abscesses the average length of treatment was days and the duration of temperature T3 initiation of therapy was days the predominant isolates were anaerobic grampositive cocci isolates bacteroides melaninogenicus bacteroides fragilis and fusobacterium nucleatum the most frequent aerobic isolates were alphahemolytic streptococci diplococcus pneumoniae PA klebsiella pneumoniae GABHS staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli all patients responded to the therapy and were cured of the infection there were no SE observed from the administration of CLI none of the patients developed any blood dyscrasia CL damage diarrhea or colitis CLI appears to be effective in the treatment of mixed aerobic and anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections in children CT or with an aminoglycoside when indicated | MEDAL |
terminology borrowed from other disciplines for use in crisis intervention is inadvertently open to misinterpretation and misrepresentation misconceptions about terminology are most common when terms are transmitted across social cultural national language and attitudinal boundaries critical incident stress management which is a subset of crisis MI encountered that exact problem with three of its terms demobilization defusing and critical incident stress debriefing several flawed studies based on misinterpretations of the meaning of these terms have appeared in the literature the studies may have stimulated some practitioners of crisis MI to incorrectly conclude that those interventions were ineffective professionals within the CIS management unit of the department of safety and security of the UN suggested alternative and augmented terminology to reduce the potential for further misinterpretations of critical incident SM procedures | MEDAL |
a patient with electrical injury to both upper extremities which necessitated amputation above the elbow on both sides is presented further débridement on the stumps resulted in extensive exposure of bone with little coverage by skin and GT adequate coverage and maintenance of the length of both stumps was possible with bilateral myocutaneous latissimus dorsi flaps this enabled the patient to carry out various activities and to wear a prosthesis | MEDAL |
mechanisms of phagocytosis are complex and incompletely understood the retinal pigment epithelium provides an ideal system to study the TPS aspects of phagocytosis since an important function of this cell is the ingestion of packets of membranous discs that are normally discarded at the apical ends of rod and cone cells during outer segment renewal here we provide evidence that rod outer segment phagocytosis by RPE is mediated by cd a transmembrane glycoprotein which has been previously characterized on hematopoietic cells as a receptor for AI neutrophils and Ox LD lipoprotein immunocytochemical staining with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies demonstrated cd expression by both human and rat RPE in transverse cryostat sections of normal retina and in primary cultured cells by western blot analysis of retinal pigment epithelial cell lysates polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to cd recognized an kda protein which comigrated with platelet cd furthermore the synthesis of cd mrna by retinal pigment epithelium was confirmed by reverse transcriptasepcr using specific cd oligonucleotides the addition of cd antibodies to cultured RPE reduced the binding and internalization of ilabeled rod outer segments by immunofluorescence confocal microscopy confirmed that outer segment uptake was significantly diminished by an antibody to cd moreover we found that transfection of a human melanoma cell L1 with cd cdna enabled these cells to bind and internalize isolated photoreceptor outer segments as seen by double immunofluorescent staining for surface bound and total cellassociated rod outer segments and by measurement of cellassociated ilabeled rod outer segments we conclude that the multifunctional scavenger receptor cd participates in the clearance of photoreceptor outer segments by RPE and thus participates in the visual process | MEDAL |
the SA NV sv mean thickness t and mean length per unit volume lv of the fibrous septa were measured in CL specimens with micronodular cirrhosis and the allometric equations of lv on t and of lv on sv were calculated the results supported the view that increases in extension of the surface of the septa were mainly related to increases in their lengths while thickening of the septa called for relatively short septa of low lv as a result two growth patterns could be recognized in the fibrous septa of cirrhosis the first one was characterized by collagen deposition around the septa leading to their thickening the second one was characterized by elongation of the septa leading to slender septal branches | MEDAL |
composite histoenzymochemical characteristics of the nervous apparatus of bronchi in vagotomy desympathetization histamine shock and OD of pneumonia experimentally and clinically were obtained the development of bronchospasm under the above effects and in pneumonia was found to be accompanied by decreases in the activity of acetylcholinesterase the content of noradrenaline a high content of nucleoproteins PSs a high activity of oxidoreductases in different structures of the nervous apparatus of the bronchi bronchodilatation was accompanied by a decrease of all the abovementioned indicators of the status of the nervous apparatus as well as destructive changes in its elements the condition of production and utilization of the cholinergic and adrenergic mediators is discussed on the basis of the data obtained | MEDAL |
betathalassemias are a group of hereditary blood disorders characterized by anomalies in the synthesis of the beta chains of hemoglobin resulting in variable phenotypes ranging from severe anemia to clinically asymptomatic individuals the total annual incidence of symptomatic individuals is estimated at in throughout the world and in people in the EU three main forms have been described TM thal intermedia and thal minor individuals with thalassemia major usually present within the first two years of life with severe anemia requiring regular red blood cell rbc transfusions findings in untreated or poorly transfused individuals with TM as seen in some developing countries are growth retardation pallor jaundice poor musculature hepatosplenomegaly leg ulcers development of masses from EM hematopoiesis and skeletal changes that result from expansion of the bone marrow regular transfusion therapy leads to iron overloadrelated complications including endocrine complication growth retardation failure of sexual maturation diabetes mellitus and insufficiency of the parathyroid thyroid PIT and less commonly adrenal glands dilated myocardiopathy liver fibrosis and cirrhosis patients with TI present later in life with moderate anemia and do not require regular transfusions main clinical features in these patients are hypertrophy of erythroid marrow with medullary and EM hematopoiesis and its complications OP masses of erythropoietic tissue that primarily affect the spleen liver CL NO chest and spine and bone deformities and typical facial changes gallstones painful leg ulcers and increased predisposition to thrombosis thal minor is clinically asymptomatic but some subjects may have moderate anemia betathalassemias are caused by point mutations or more rarely deletions in the beta globin gene on chromosome leading to reduced beta or absent beta synthesis of the beta chains of hemoglobin hb transmission is autosomal recessive however dominant mutations have also been reported diagnosis of thalassemia is based on hematologic and molecular genetic testing differential diagnosis is usually straightforward but may include genetic sideroblastic anemias congenital dyserythropoietic anemias and other conditions with high C2 of hbf such as JMML and AA genetic counseling is recommended and prenatal diagnosis may be offered treatment of thalassemia L1 includes regular rbc transfusions iron chelation and management of AA complications of iron overload in some circumstances spleen removal may be required bone marrow transplantation remains the only definitive cure currently available individuals with TI may require splenectomy folic acid supplementation treatment of EM erythropoietic masses and leg ulcers prevention and therapy of thromboembolic events prognosis for individuals with thal has improved substantially in the last years following recent medical advances in transfusion iron chelation and bone marrow transplantation therapy however cardiac disease remains the main cause of death in patients with iron overload | MEDAL |
a kb dna region previously cloned from pseudomonas syringae pv syringae in cosmid phir enables nonpathogenic bacteria such as pseudomonas fluorescens and escherichia coli to elicit the hypersensitive response hr in tobacco nicotiana tabacum hrma is located within this region adjacent to a conserved cluster of hrp genes and is essential for nonpathogens to elicit the hr dna sequence analysis suggested that hrma was the second of two genes in an operon and was preceded by an open reading frame orf orf which is predicted to encode a kda protein dna gel blot analysis revealed that sequences hybridizing with a dna fragment internal to hrma were absent from p syringae pv syringae ba p syringae pv tabaci and p syringae pv glycinea race u but present in p syringae pv tomato dc a kb bamhiavrii fragment carrying hrma orf and native RII sequences was subcloned into broadhostrange vector pdsk and electirrelfish family holocentridae is the only known exception from this rule squirrelfish accumulate very high concentrations of zinc in the liver in the present study we demonstrate that while female squirrelfish store C1 amounts of zinc in the CL and ovaries the males show zinc levels that are typical for vertebrates the zinc content of the diet is the same in males and females and zinc is not lost from the liver during starvation thus the difference between genders in zinc storage is not dependent upon the diet rather there are at least two processes that contribute to the accumulation in females first females possess high levels of two major zincbinding proteins metallothionein mt and a novel femalespecific zincbinding protein fznbp in females but not in males almost all mt is present in the hepatocyte nucleus fznbp is exclusively found in the hepatocyte cytosol of females second HCs of female squirrelfish have a high capacity to transport zinc across the BPM in addition to the CL only the gonads of females showed unusually high concentrations of zinc administration of exogenous oestrogen to females decreases the hepatic zinc concentration while there is a matching increase in the zinc content of the ovaries thus oestrogen may trigger a redistribution of zinc from CL to ovaries together our findings suggest that female squirrelfish may be uniquely adapted to detoxify zinc and to utilize it as a macronutrient for processes related to reproduction | MEDAL |
this T0 evaluated hormonal and skin effects in hyperandrogenic women of an oral estroprogestin ep association containing ethynilestradiol mcg plus drospirenone mg | MEDAL |
acute or CIDP is a rare disorder that presents with weakness hyporeflexia and sensory loss treatment consists of immunosuppression andor plasma exchange a woman in the first trimester of pregnancy presents with flaccid quadriplegia and numbness electromyography demonstrated a demyelinating polyneuropathy with active denervation the diagnosis of acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy was made she was treated with CSs and plasmapheresis despite slow improvement she decided to terminate the pregnancy at weeks gestation at year PP she is still in remission inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy should be considered in the differential diagnosis of every pregnant woman with new onset IP neuropathy it is suggested that relapse occurs three times more common during pregnancy plasmapheresis is the recommended treatment | MEDAL |
there are significant controversies on the antibacterial properties of graphene oxide go go was reported to be bactericidal in saline whereas its activity in nutrient broth was controversial to unveil the mechanisms underlying these contradictions we performed antibacterial assays under comparable conditions in saline bare go sheets were intrinsically bactericidal yielding a bacterial survival percentage of at μgml supplementing saline with ⤠LB lb broth however progressively deactivated its bactericidal activity depending on lbsupplementation ratio supplementation of lb made go completely inactive instead â¼fold bacterial growth was observed atomic force microscopy images showed that certain lb components were adsorbed on go basal planes using bovine SS albumin and tryptophan as welldefined MM adsorbates we found that noncovalent adsorption on go basal planes may account for the deactivation of gos bactericidal activity moreover this deactivation mechanism was shown to be extrapolatable to gos cytotoxicity against mammalian cells taken together our observations suggest that bare go intrinsically kills both bacteria and mammalian cells and noncovalent adsorption on its basal planes may be a global deactivation mechanism for gos cytotoxicity | MEDAL |
fenamates like flufenamic acid ffa are antiinflammatory drugs known to alter ion fluxes through the BPM they are for instance potent blockers of cation and anion channels and ffa is now commonly used to block currents through trp channels and receptoroperated channels however ffa exerts complex and multifaceted actions on ion transport systems and in most instances a molecular understanding of these ffadependent modulations is lacking in addition ffa is also to known to perturb the homeostasis of ca in the present report we investigated whether the ffainduced alterations of the ca homeostasis could play a role in the ffadependent modulation of transmembrane ion fluxes experiments performed with the ca indicator fluo on cultured cortical SN and hek cells showed that ffa increased the cytosolic concentration of ca even in cells kept in a cafree medium or when the endoplasmic reticulum was depleted with thapsigargin the ffadependent ca responses were however strongly reduced by bongkrekic acid a TPS ligand of the mitochondrial adpatp carrier which in addition inhibits the permeability transition pore like fccp ffa released ca from isolated BB mitochondria and indirectly modulates storeoperated ca channels we suggest that some of the effects of ffa on plasma membrane SAC could be explained at least partially by its ability to modulate the mitochondrial ca homeostasis | MEDAL |
CM allergy is the most common FA among children patients with cows milk allergy may present a wide range of complaints complaints can occur in multiple organ systems the gold standard to confirm a diagnosis of CM allergy is the doubleblind placebocontrolled food challenge the treatment consists of the beta of cows milk from a childs dietit is estimated that at the age of year of children with cows milkallergy have become tolerant to CM and at the age of years it is recommended to expose all infants with cows milk allergy to cows milk at the age of year to see if they have become tolerant | MEDAL |
to investigate whether in old age brain volume differences are associated with agerel these mouse models shed light on tumorigenesis in ferrets in mice and ferrets the neoplastic adrenocortical cells which functionally resemble gonadal steroidogenic cells arise from progenitors in the subcapsular or juxtamedullary region tumorigenesis in mice is influenced by the inherent susceptibility of adrenal tissue to gonadectomyinduced hormonal changes the chronic elevation in circulating luteinizing hormone that follows ovariectomy or orchiectomy is a prerequisite for neoplastic transformation gonadectomy alters the plasma or local concentrations of steroid hormones and other AF that affect HPA RT development including inhibins activins and müllerian inhibiting substance gata immunoreactivity is a hallmark of neoplastic transformation and this transcription factor might serve to integrate intracellular signals evoked by different hormones synergistic interactions among gata steroidogenic factor and other transcription factors enhance expression of inhibinalpha and genes critical for ectopic sex steroid production such as P450c17 lyase and aromatase cases of human HPA neoplasia have been linked to precocious expression of hormone receptors and to mutations that alter the activity of gproteins or downstream effectors whether such genetic changes contribute to tissue susceptibility to neoplasia in neutered ferrets and mice awaits further T0 | MEDAL |
in order to study the role of drugs in driving a responsibility analysis was developed to allow an assessment to be made of the drivers culpability or responsibility in an accident factors possibly mitigating drivers responsibility in each accident were identified and scored factors considered were condition of road condition of VH driving conditions accident type witness observations road law obedience difficulty of task and level of fatigue if a sufficient number of mitigating AF were identified a driver would be found to be either partly or totally exonerated from blameworthiness and scored either as a contributory or nonculpable driver if drugs present in a driver contributed to accident causation it would be expected that they would be overrepresented in culpable drivers ie those drivers not exonerated from blame a total of driver fatalities occurring in victoria were analysed for blood alcohol content bac twentynine percent had a bac over the legal limit in victoria alcoholpositive drivers were statistically overrepresented in the culpable group p in singlevehicle accidents p and those accidents in which vehicles left the road for no apparent reason p oddsratio estimation of or of culpable and nonculpable drivers showed that the relative risk rose disproportionately to bac | MEDAL |
alpha hydroxy beta hydroxy and ketodehydroepiandrosterone α ohdhea β ohdhea and oxodhea are oxidized metabolites of dehydroepiandrosterone dhea their concentrations are low in the circulation especially in postmenopausal women thus resulting in a considerable challenge for their reliable measurement a sensitive and accurate lcmsms method has been developed using a simple sample preparation procedure and a novel derivatization with aminomethyl piperazine mp the derivatized metabolites are stable in high water content reagents a pgml pg on column for the low limit of quantitation lloq has been achieved for all three compounds a proper choice of multiple reaction monitoring mrm EMT provides good specificity the excess amount of reagent can be removed from the sample during the derivatization process within the calibration range of pgml a good linearity was obtained with r where the weighing factor is x while the bias and coefficient of variance cv are within for all levels of qcs and calibration curves this method has been fully validated according to the fda guidelines where the results of the matrix effect meet the acceptance criteria while freezethaw stability short and long term stability in matrix and solution as well as postprocessed sample stability meet the requirements with this method the concentrations of α ohdhea β ohdhea and oxodhea were measured in premenopausal and postmenopausal serum the average concentration of α ohdhea is equivalent to that of β ohdhea in both types of sera | MEDAL |
we produced a large panel of murine monoclonal antibodies against surface determinants of trichomonas vaginalis using the hybridoma technique an ELISA technique elisa was used to screen positive hybrid cells producing specific antibodies against the protozoan surface eleven monoclonal antibodies mabs out of seventyseven positives were further characterized we tested antibody CR in order to investigate the antigenic variance among different strains of trichomonas vaginalis of different geographic origin to elucidate the complexity of antigenic expression in trichomonas vaginalis further characterization of the antigenic DP in our clinical isolates was carried out by immunoblotting techniques we demonstrate that some monoclonal antibodies react with antigens varying in molecular weight in the different strains tested we also demonstrate the pivotal role of protozoan PRs in antigenic rearrangement | MEDAL |
the actions of gaba and the intravenous general anaesthetic propofol diisopropylphenol on gabaa receptors of selfreplicating gt Thy neurones were investigated by the patch clamp technique gaba microm mm dosedependently G1 inward currents with an ec of microm recorded from whole cells voltageclamped at mv gaba micromactivated currents reversed at the clequilibrium potential propofol microm dosedependently potentiated gaba micromevoked currents with an ec of microm in the absence of gaba propofol microm mm activated small inward currents with a reversal potential similar to the cl ECl the peak current amplitudes G1 by propofol were only of those activated by gaba in the same cells like gaba micromactivated currents propofol micromactivated currents were inhibited by the gabaa receptor antagonist BIC microm and were abolished by zn microm propofol and microm dosedependently activated currents in the absence of gaba however the peak amplitude of currents G1 by propofol declined with concentrations microm the cessation of application of a high dose of propofol mm was associated with a current surge the surge current seen T3 application of propofol mm had a reversal potential similar to the cl ECl the ratio between peak current amplitude in the presence of propofol mm and surge current amplitude T3 propofol application were not dependent on holding potential thusit is unlikely that the surge current represents reversal of a voltagedependent block of gabaa receptors by propofol the amplitude of the surge current exceeded the amplitude of the initial propofol mmevoked current following brief applications but declined after prolonged applications of the drug the observed modulatory actions of propofol may be due to separate potentiation activation and inhibitory sites for this anaesthetic agent on gt cell gabaa receptors | MEDAL |
we determined the effect of microinjection of ang and ang ii into two key regions of the medulla that control the circulation rostral and caudal ventrolateral medulla rvlm and cvlm respectively on baroreflex control of HR rate hr in anesthetized rats reflex bradycardia and ART were induced by increases and decreases in MAP pressure produced by intravenous phenylephrine and sodium nitroprusside respeccue because of the high risk for TRM HR transplantation followed by sct was performed in patients with al amyloidosis and predominant cardiomyopathy patients were followed up for a median of months range months from diagnosis at censor of patients were well without evidence of intracardiac or extracardiac amyloid accumulation and median overall survival by kaplanmeier estimate was not reached two patients died of progressive amyloidosis and months after heart transplantation T3 relapse of their underlying plasma cell dyscrasia HR transplantation followed by sct is feasible in selected patients with cardiac al amyloidosis and may confer substantial survival benefit | MEDAL |
the aliso canyon porter ranch california NK gas blowout lasted days from october to february releasing metric tonnes of methane tonnes of ethane and a host of other HCs into the southern california air this T0 estimates the impacts of the leak on transient weather climate air quality and health in california and the los angeles basin using a nested globalthroughlocal weatherclimateair SQ computer MM results suggest that the aliso canyon leak may have increased the mixing ratios of multiple emitted hydrocarbon gases throughout california subsequent gasphase photochemistry increased the mixing ratios of additional byproducts including carbon monoxide formaldehyde acetaldehyde peroxyacetyl nitrate and ozone increases in Ta aloft and lesser increases at the surface due to thermalinfrared radiation absorption by methane stabilized the ctorα tnfα levels appear to be modulated by the infection depending on the prrsv isolate hppr vs pr in particular in hppr INF animals the association between high gh C2 and viremia may testify the need to block the anabolic action of gh in order to shift available energy towards the immune response this need appeared to be delayed in pr animals given the lower pathogenicity of the isolate adiponectin il and tnfα course supports the hypothesis of gh resistance mechanisms to guarantee homeostasis in hppr animals and underlines the key role of energy availability in events leading to an effective response to the virus | MEDAL |
the formation of the intradermal eccrine sweat duct lumen began in the weekold embryo with a dissolution of the desmosomal att plaques followed by the separation of apposing inner cells and subsequent formation of MV at the luminal surfaces the luminal cells possessed numerous microvilli and crypts and a periluminal band of tonofilaments in the secretory portion of older embryos weeks old columnar sec cells extended from the basement membrane to the luminal border the presence in these secretory cells of MV golgi terial wall stiffness parameters e and ep but not imt were significantly higher in the mild ckd group logistic regression demonstrated that only the arterial wall stiffness parameters ep and e were independently associated with mild renal disease compared with normal in a MM adjusting for sex age and diabetes and history of cardiovascular disease cvd e and ep may be early markers of cvd in subjects with mild ckd that may manifest NC before other more recognized markers such as imt and pulse pressure | MEDAL |
the PES commonly referred to as the upper esophageal sphincter ues generates a highpressure zone hpz between the pharynx and the esophagus however the exact anatomical components of the ueshpz remain incompletely determined | MEDAL |
the present study was designed to compare the tau and tolerability of triple therapy and dual therapy for helicobacter pylori in DU ulcer patients and to evaluate the LT clinical course of ulcer disease forty DU ulcer patients with proven h pylori infection were enrolled into the T0 and randomly treated with either triple therapy consisting of bismuth subsalicylate metronidazole and tetracycline plus ranitidtion as recommended by the scandinavian EC on enzymes turbidity will develop due to a LIS of the buffer at the end of the preincubation period the turbidity may still be developing increasing the absorbance and lowering the alatactivity by ul turbidity and the error introduced in the assay can be eliminated by increasing the ionic strength of the buffer by addition of nacl | MEDAL |
an exciting topic regarding integrative properties of the NS is how transient motor commands or brief sensory stimuli are able to evoke persistent neuronal changes mainly as a sustained tonic action potential firing a persisting firing seems to be necessary for postural maintenance T3 a previous movement we have studied in vitro and in vivo the generation of the persistent neuronal activity responsible for eye fixation T3 spontaneous eye movements rat sagittal brainstem slices were used for the intracellular recording of PH ph neurons and their synaptic activation from nearby paramedian pontine reticular formation pprf neurons single electrical pulses applied to the pprf showed a monosynaptic glutamatergic projection on ph neurons acting on ampakainate receptors train stimulation of the pprf area evoked a sustained depolarization of ph neurons exceeding by hundreds of ms CS- duration both duration and amplitude of this sustained depolarization were linearly related to train frequency the trainevoked sustained depolarization was the result of interaction between glutamatergic excitatory BNs and ACh mesopontine reticular fibers projecting onto ph neurons because it was prevented by slice superfusion with ACh antagonists and mimicked by ACh agonists as expected microinjections of ACh antagonists in the ph nucleus of alert behaving cats evoked a gazeholding deficit consisting of a recentering drift of the eye T3 each saccade these findings suggest that a slow cholinergic synaptically triggered event participates in the generation of persistent activity characteristic of ph neurons carrying eye position signals | MEDAL |
recently SC has been found in food in jars sealed with cap liners that were manufactured using azodicarbonamide as a blowing agent these reports raised the concern that the use of azodicarbonamidean approved dough conditionermay result in SC residues in bread to answer this question a method based upon the previously reported liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry determination of the semicarbazone of onitrobenzaldehyde was utilized the method adopted for this work includes an extensive cleanup and reaction with onitrobenzaldehyde at ph rather than with the widely used m hcl to form the semicarbazone derivative a SD ID assay was used to determine the free semicarbazide present in the bread products C2 of semicarbazide ranged from to ppb in commercial bread products with azodicarbonamide listed among their ingredients | MEDAL |
STB in low doses induced hyperpolarization and in high doses depolarization and inhibition of transmission in the cat SCG ganglion the ganglionic ON action of histamine was inhibited by stobadine in low doses stobadine partially depressed ganglionic responses to isoprenaline serotonin m muscarinic agonist mcna and clonidine only in high doses stobadine administered into the third cerebral IVT of anaesthetized cats evoked dosedependent SH without changes in HR rate intracerebroventricular icv administration of histamine evoked hypertension followed by hypotension both effects were inhibited by icv i.c.v. with STB these results indicate that in nervous tissue stobadine antagonises histamine responses presumably due to hreceptor stimulation | MEDAL |
in previous studies we have shown that baclofen a selective gabab receptor agonist prevents the somatic expression and reestablishes the dopamine and μopioid receptors levels modified during naloxoneprecipitated morphine withdrawal syndrome in male and female mice there are no previous reports regarding sex differences in the elevated plus maze epm and the expression of bdnf in morphinewithdrawn mice the present study analyses the behavioral and PSA variations during morphine withdrawal in mice of both sexes and whether these variations are prevented with baclofen swisswebster albino prepubertal mice received morphine mgkg ip twice daily for consecutive days on the th day one group of morphinetreated mice received naloxone opioid receptor antagonist mgkg ip h T3 the last dose of morphine to precipitate withdrawal a second group received baclofen mgkg ip before naloxone administration the epm behavior was measured during min T3 naloxone i.t. the expression of bdnfpositive cells was determined by immunohistochemistry withdrawn male mice showed a higher percentage of time spent and number of entries to the open arms compared to withdrawn female mice BAC prevented this SMB in both sexes bdnf expression decreased in the acbc bnst cec and ca of the hippocampus while increased in the bla of morphine withdrawn male BAC i.c.v. prevented the bdnf expression observed in morphine withdrawn male mice in all the brain areas studied except in the cec BAC prevention of the epm SMB associated to morphine withdrawal could be partially related to changes in bdnf expression | MEDAL |
we recorded erg responses at the cornea of cat and monkey and identified the initial N1 elicited by very dim stimuli as the scotopic threshold response str comparable to that previously recognized by intraretinal recordings of cat the str but not the photoreceptor awave was eliminated by intravitreal aspartate in both cat and monkey which demonstrated that the str origin was postphotoreceptoral intraretinal recordings before and after AST confirmed that the awave of cat with bright CS was fastpiii from photoreceptors and further showed that there was minimal or no extracellular activity recordable near the photoreceptors with very dim stimuli T3 aspartate this study showed practical ways to separate the str from the photoreceptor awave in corneal records by the range of stimulus intensity str with dim stimuli photoreceptor awave with bright stimuli and by response RL str LL photoreceptor awave SL these recordings provide the first evidence that the monkey has an str and that it is postphotoreceptoral like the str of cat further this provides support to consider that the corneal negative str wave of the human erg with dim CS may also be postphotoreceptoral | MEDAL |
softtissue sarcomas are uncommon HM the OD during a period of years in one institution of a prospective data base incorporating more than patients with these PT is described the most common sites for occurrence are the extremities but they can occur in any of the soft tissues of the body liposarcoma and leiomyosarcoma are the most common histopathologic conditions identified prognostic AF for both recurrence and survival include site histopathology size grade and adequacy of resection a prospective randomized trial of the use of adjuvant radiation by the brachytherapy technique in extremity lesions has shown a decrease in local recurrence but no impact on survival eligible patients not randomized to the trial show no difference in local recurrence or survival regardless of whether they received adjuvant radiation | MEDAL |
mastoparan a TDP purified from wasp venom has been shown to stimulate gl transport in rat adipocytes although the mechanism of its action has remained undefined here we characterized the action of MP on GT in rat adipocytes mastoparan at a concentration of microm or more caused a dosedependent PR of lactate dehydrogenase ldh from the cells which closely correlated with its stimulatory effect on gl uptake the mastoparaninduced gl uptake was inhibited neither by ED of atp with kcn nor by addition of phloretin a direct inhibitor of gl transporter suggesting that the ability of MP to stimulate gl uptake did not derive from activation of the GT system ie translocation or activation of glut andor glut on the other hand MP at a lower concentration microm or below which showed an insignificant effect on ldh release potentiated the insulin action on glucose transport and akt phosphorylation in the presence of adenosine deaminase the effect of mastoparan was not additive to that of PIA and was completely abolished by i.c.v. of adipocytes with pertussis toxin microgml for hours thus the present T0 disclosed duality in the action of mastoparan on glucose uptake in rat adipocytes at a concentration of microm or less it enhances the insulin action on gl transport by a pertussis toxinsensitive gi proteindependent mechanism at higher concentrations however mastoparan increases nonspecific permeability of the BPM which causes ldh release as well as glucose uptake not mediated through glucose transporter | MEDAL |
daily locomotor patterns of a variety of organisms have been interpreted as driven by dual circadian oscillators yet in mammals cellular data have revealed many circadian oscillators in the BL SCN nucleus scn to test how large numbers of oscillators could respond to environmental cues as a pair of oscillators the authors developed a computational model composed of groups of oscillators with strong local interactions and with weaker coupling between the CG unlike previous models that assumed that light affects the timing or polarity of coupling between a pair of oscillators this simulation assumed that light increased the transcription rate of a clock gene and consequently altered circadian properties of individual cells in constant dark weak local within each of the groups and distant between group coupling established inphase oscillations and a typical single bout of daily activity in constant CS local synchrony developed only if coupling was strong and resulted in antiphase synchrony between the CG and bimodal daily activity reminiscent of split behavior these numerical simulations thus showed that splitting SMB can develop with increased CS intensity without structural changes in the coupling topology or sign instead the authors propose that light changes intrinsic oscillator properties through the increase of maximal transcription rate of a clock gene so that as light intensity increases the SO of the coupled network EMT from a single bout of activity through irregular beating to bouts and in bright constant CS arrhythmicity | MEDAL |
there is a direct relationship between mechanical stress and the progressive collapse of the necrotic region in osteonecrosis of the FA head the titanium implant combined with AB graft and rhBMP-2 rhbmp to repair the defect and prevent collapse of the femoral head was investigated the FA head defects were made by the trapdoor procedure and then the defects were filled respectively with the titanium implant combined with autogenous bone graft and rhbmp with autogenous bone graft and rhbmp and with autogenous bone VG CT roentgenographic and histological examinations were performed at various times postoperatively the defects were repaired CR and the titanium implant was integrated with the surrounding bone tissues the defects healed faster than did without rhbmp no trapdoor cartilage collapsed and joint space narrowed the titanium implant combined with AB graft and rhbmp can enhance the repairing procedure and prevent the collapse of the FA head | MEDAL |
though basal cell epitheliomas present the advantage of lack of spread into CL nodes and of having only local activity they can extend considerably both on the surface and in the deep tissues because of the difficulty in obtaining complete excision of recurrences the authors are prudent in their attitude and take all possible precautions during treatment of these lesions including extemporaneous histological examinations and BS which appear to be indispensable | MEDAL |
performance and metabolic traits were measured in sixtyfour growing rats fed on varying levels of dietary cyanide protein and iodine the presence of cyanide in the diets caused a NS reduction in both FC and growth rate moreover on protein deficient diets the lowest body WG was obtained in the animals with ppm cyanide iodine deficiency did not have any marked influence on performance dietary cyanide significantly increased SS and urinary thiocyanate concentration while iodine deficiency caused significant reductions in SS protein bound iodine pbi interactions of protein deficiency and dietary cyanide also significantly reduced SS thiocyanate concentrations while interactions of the three dietary variables significantly reduced kidney protein content | MEDAL |
human cytomegalovirus hcmv stimulates cellular synthesis of dna and proteins and induces transition of the Tc from g to s and g m phase in spite of increased amounts of p in the infected cells the immediate early protein ie kda ie tethers a transcriptional repression domain to p however its repression of p CF is not enough to abrogate the g checkpoint function of p other hcmv proteins that suppress the activity of ects lacks information here three mirnas slimir slimira and slibantam were cloned from spodoptera litura by stemloop rtpcr two groups of primers were designed and one of them performed especially well and proved stable the sequences of two highly conserved mirnas slimir and slimira were MZ to those in drosophila melanogaster to validate the reliability of this strategy premir and premira in s litura as representatives were given as well this shared high homology with those in d melanogaster and bombyx mori and both mature sequences of slimir and slimira in their precursors shared identity to the results shown by stemloop rtpcr moreover expression patterns of these mirnas were investigated by RT quantitative pcr slimir and slimira could be detected successfully and their expression patterns showed similar characteristics with those in model insects further suggesting SL rtpcr technology can be used for identification of highly conserved mirnas in nonmodel insects these results provide a simplified and efficient strategy for studying the structure and function of highly conserved mirnas especially some critical mirnas in nonmodel insects | MEDAL |
the purpose of the present T0 was to evaluate the effects of aerobic physical training apt on HRV hrv and CR responses at peak condition and ventilatory anaerobic threshold ten young y median years and seven MA ma years healthy sedentary men were studied DE tests were performed on a cycloergometer using a continuous ramp protocol to wmin until exhaustion a dynamic h electrocardiogram was analyzed by time td standard deviation of mean rr intervals and frequency domain fd methods the SP spectral components were expressed as absolute a and normalized units nu at low lf and high hf frequencies and as the lfhf ratio control c condition hrv in td y ma ms p and fd lfa hfa was significantly higher in young mshz than in MA men mshz only during sleep p posttraining effects resting bradycardia p in the awake condition in both groups vo increased for both CG at anaerobic threshold p and at peak condition only in young men hrv in td and fd a and nu was not significantly changed by training in either groups the vagal predominance during sleep is reduced with aging the resting bradycardia induced by ST apt in both age groups suggests that this adaptation is much more related to intrinsic alterations in sinus node than in efferent vagalsympathetic modulation furthermore the greater alterations in vo than in hrv may be related to shortterm apt | MEDAL |
this T0 was initiated in order to evaluate the clinical efficacy of glipizide treatment in patients with noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus in poor glycemic control with insulin insulin dose was kept constant and various facets of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism were evaluated before and from months T3 the addition of glipizide the results indicated that fasting and PPG concentration were significantly p less than reduced following glipizide treatment associated with a commensurate fall in glycosylated hemoglobin concentration the average fall in FPG concentration in the total patient group approximated mgdl and the mean decrement in of the patients who had a fall of more than mgdl in fasting gl was mgdl these results demonstrate that the addition of glipizide to the treatment program of patients with noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus poorly controlled on insulin can lead to substantial clinical benefit | MEDAL |
there is limited information on changes over time in carcinoid syndrome cs PS and quality of life qol this T0 assessed NC in cs symptoms and qol in patients treated with somatostatin analogs ssas using the functional assessment of cancer therapygeneral factg and patientreported outcomes measurement NIS promis instruments | MEDAL |
G1 t lymphocytes PR LDV termed exosomes EC in cholesterol and exposing phosphatidylserine ps at their outer membrane leaflet although cd G1 t lymphocytes infiltrate an AS plaque the effects of t cell exosomes on the atheromaassociated cells are not known we report here that exosomes isolated from the supernatants of G1 human cd TA enhance cholesterol accumulation in cultured THP-1 and thp cells lipid droplets found in the cytosol of exosometreated monocytes contained both cholesterol ester and free cholesterol antiphosphatidylserine receptor antibodies recognized surface protein on the monocyte BPM and prevented exosomeinduced cholesterol accumulation indicating that exosome internalization is mediated via endogenous PSR the production of proinflammatory cytokine TNF enhanced in parallel with mo cholesterol accumulation our data strongly indicate that exosomes released by G1 t cells may represent a powerful previously unknown atherogenic factor | MEDAL |
the tissue organization of the SSG is complex and a large number of salivary gland tumor entities with a broad morphologic spectrum are listed creating RT classification schema for the salivary PG that are difficult to understand in the present T0 we attempted to examine how the anatomical components of the SSG are associated with morphological subtypes of tumors we selected a panel of s of the analytes were as follows electrophoretic mobility micorepr x to x cmvs micoreps cmvs and electroosmotic mobility microeof x cmvs migration times tmigr r min tmigr s min resolution factors rs and chiral selectivity alpha the method developed for the enantiomers was validated the calibration curves were linear in the range of microgml for fbp or ktp and of microgml for ibp enantiomer concentrations recovery of the enantiomers from SS was about at the limit of quantification loq precision and accuracy were within the validated method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies on ktp enantiomers in humans C2 of standard and sustained PR tablets of racktp significant differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters of both formulations were observed and the studied formulations were not bioequivalent | MEDAL |
the kinetics of IP blood SC mobilization in response to recombinant human granulocyte colonystimulating factor is well established however there have been few investigations of platelet activation markers during peripheral blood stem cell harvest we measured the C2 of the platelet activation markers chemokines and soluble AF in plasma obtained from patients undergoing PSC harvest the number of WBCs cd cells neutrophils monocytes and lymphocytes peaked on day after granulocyte colonystimulating factor treatment but the numbers of eosinophils and basophils showed no significant change regulated on activation normally tcell expressed and secreted rantes level increased through day and the monocyte chemotactic peptide mcp level peaked on day platelet counts continued to increase through day the level of thrombopoietin significantly increased on day peaked on day and decreased slightly by day the C2 of soluble cd ligand and soluble pselectin increased up to day the plateletderived microparticle level peaked on day and then began to decline cd cell numbers significantly correlated with those of leucocytes neutrophils monocytes and lymphocytes as well as levels of mcp and the cd cells exhibited changes similar to plateletderived MPs the patterns of NC in mcp plateletderived microparticles and the cd cell count are similar in that each peaks on day and decreases thereafter further study is required to determine if a causeandeffect relationship in their pattern of change exists among them | MEDAL |
efficient upconversion luminescence has been observed from cdse nanoparticles ranging in size from to nm the upconversion luminescence exhibits a nearquadratic laser power dependence emissions from both excitons and trap states are observed in the upconversion and PL spectra and in the upconversion luminescence the emission from the trap states is enhanced relative to the trapstate emission in the photoluminescence the upconversion decay lifetimes are slightly longer than the PL decay lifetimes TR spectral measurements indicate that this is due to the involvement of long decay components from surface or trap states both the photoluminescence and upconversion luminescence decrease in intensity with increasing temperature due mainly to thermal quenching all the observations indicate that trap states work as emitters rather than as intermediate states for upconversion luminescence and that TPA is the likely excitation mechanism | MEDAL |
sea urchins are an important MM for experiments at the intersection of development and systems biology and technical innovations that enhance the utility of this MM are of great value this T0 explores pantropic retroviruses as a transduction tool for sea urchin embryos and demonstrates that pantropic retroviruses infect sea urchin embryos with high efficiency and genomically integrate at a copy number of one per cell we successfully used a selfinactivation strategy to both insert a sea urchinspecific enhancer and disrupt the ev enhancer the resulting selfinactivating viruses drive global and persistent mRNA consistent with genomic integration during the first Tc together these data provide substantial proof of principle for transduction technology in sea urchin embryos | MEDAL |
an in vitro culture technique was established for harvesting strongyloides venezuelensis freeliving L3 larvae using a nutrient BB medium as a substitute for ratfeces in polyvinyl culture bags x cm the egg hatch rate y in sterile saline at different incubation temperatures x was expressed as the quadratic CF y x x r the highest egghatch rate was observed at degrees c a significant difference p in OD rate y of freeliving L3 was observed between different concentrations of nutrient broth x which was highest in nutrient broth concentrations incubated at degrees c for days y x x r yields y of L3 were observed relatively high when the culture medium was incubated at higher temperatures x which peaked at degrees c than at lower temperatures degrees c and degrees c y x x r the period y required for the development of L3 larvae decreased with higher incubation temperatures x y x x r the highest yield of infective larvae was obtained from SC bag inoculated with eggs than with below and over eggs in NB and incubated at degrees c for days the newly adapted culture method from egg to thirdstage larva may be useful as a biobarbioassay system for screening new chemical products anthelmintics and pesticides as well as for parasitoimmunological studies with strongyloides species | MEDAL |
AF leading to subacute stent thrombosis T3 percutaneous coronary MI pci have not been well established we assessed the pre and postpci IVUS ivus characteristics of SAT | MEDAL |
the present T0 proposes a method for an in silico calculation of phospholipophilicity phospholipophilicity is intended as the measure of analyte affinity for phospholipids it is currently assessed by hplc measures of analyte PR on phosphatidylcholinelike stationary phases iam immobilized artificial membrane resulting in log k | MEDAL |
the diversity of the putative polyphosphateaccumulating genus tetrasphaera in wastewater treatment systems with enhanced biological phosphorus removal ebpr was investigated using the fullcycle rrna approach combined with microautoradiography and histochemical staining s rrna actinobacterial gene sequences were retrieved from different fullscale ebpr plants and the sequences belonging to the genus tetrasphaera family intrasporangiaceae were found to form three clades quantitative fish analyses of the communities in five fullscale ebpr plants using new oligonucleotide probes were carried out the results showed that the probedefined tetrasphaera displayed different morphologies and constituted up to of the total biomass it was shown that AS uptake of orthophosphate and formation of polyphosphate took place in most of the probedefined tetrasphaera populations however aerobic uptake of orthophosphate only took place T3 uptake of certain carbon sources under anaerobic conditions and these were more diverse than hitherto assumed amino acids glucose and for some also acetate tetrasphaera seemed to occupy a slightly different ecological niche compared with candidatus accumulibacter contributing to a PET redundancy and stability of the ebpr process | MEDAL |
radical neck dissection rnd a standard surgical procedure for CL node metastasis of head and neck CA for decades causes various dysfunctions such as pain or limited abduction of the shoulder various rnd modifications have been made to reduce these postoperative dysfunctions but the effect of preservation of the spinal accessory nerve is still controversial the aim of this T0 was to explain our surgical method of sparing the accessory nerve during ND and to clarify the effect of preserving the nerve on reduction in shoulder dysfunction | MEDAL |
a comparatively high prevalence of acute and COM om has been reported for the native american indian population the present study reports data on the CF of the eustachian tube et in white mountain apache indians ranging in age from to years all study subjects had a history of om and reported to the reservation clinic with Tty membrane perforations and a dry ME me the results of inflationdeflation tests on these subjects indicated that the indians had lower forced opening pressures than had been measured in a group of caucasians with perforations AA to chronic om of the subjects studied equilibrated applied positive me pressures and equilibrate negative pressures by swallowing during forced response testing the passive resistance of the et was found to be lower and the active resistance equivalent to that of a group of caucasians with traumatic perforations and otherwise negative otologic histories while the et was predilated in these subjects by constant airflow active swallowing further dilated the tube in of the subjects constricted the tube in and had no effect in this study indicated that the et of the american indian was functionally different from that of caucasians previously studied and was characterized by comparatively abnormal low passive tubal resistance which may be considered to facilitate VE CF and to impair protective function the difference may account for the high prevalence of om with perforation and the low incidence of cholesteatoma in this population | MEDAL |
among the multiple autoantibodies identified in the serum of SVR sclerosis ssc patients three are diseasespecific mutually exclusive and helpful to determine the prognosis anticentromere antibodies antitopoisomerase antibodies ata and antirnapolymerase iii antibodies ata can be identified through different techniques including double immunodiffusion did CA ELISA CA elisa or immunoblot although all of them are commonly used none of them can be considered as the reference herein we propose a brief description of the different methods available for the PCD of ata all these studies revealed that ata determined by did assay elisa or immunoblot are highly specific for ssc although the reported sensitivity is fickle as we recently reported patuced s gordonii transcriptomes to results published for streptococcus pneumoniae strains identified both conserved and speciesspecific genes putative IG RII CS such as the conserved combox CS thought to be a IB site for competence sigma factor were found preceding s gordonii late responsive genes in contrast s gordonii early cspresponsive genes were not preceded by the direct repeats found in s pneumoniae these studies provide the first insights into a genomewide transcriptional response of an oral commensal organism they offer an extensive analysis of transcriptional changes that accompany competence in s gordonii and form a basis for future intra and interspecies comparative analyses of this ecologically important phenotype | MEDAL |
the interaction between dna and positively charged dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide dodab and dodabdisteroylphosphatidylcholine dspc monolayers at the airaqueous interface was studied by a combination of the surface film balance and brewster angle microscopy in presence of dna the pia isotherm of the cationic ML shifts to larger mean molecular Az due to the electrostatic interaction with dna while the typical liquid expandedliquid condensed phase transition for dodab monolayers disappear and the ML remains to be in the liquid expanded phase furthermore the morphology of the film dramatically changes where the C1 dendriticlike condensed aggregates observed for dodab monolayers vanish the charge density of the monolayer was varied by using mixed monolayers with the zwitterionic dspc and no C1 effect was observed on the interaction with dna by modeling the electrostatic interactions with the linearized PB equation using the finiteelement method and taking into account the assumption in the dielectric constants of the system it was possible to corroborate the expansion of the cationic monolayer upon interaction with dna as well as the fact that dna does not seem to penetrate into the ML | MEDAL |
tibicen plebejus is the largest cicada native to the ecosystem in northern iran the male cicada produces a loud calling song for attracting females from a long distance it is presumed that the female selects a mate based on a combination of passive and active mechanisms but it is not known if she selects for size nor if the males size correlates with any characteristic of the advertisement call in this study we report the relationship between calling song features and morphological characters in the male of t plebejus research was conducted in northern iran during the summer of seventeen males were collected and their calling songs were recorded in a natural environment two morphological characters were measured length and weight maximum minimum and average of values of key acoustic variables of the calling song were analyzed phrase duration phrase part phrase part number of phrases per minute echeme duration echeme period interecheme interval number of echeme per second echemeintereheme ratio and dominant frequency the data were tested for the level of association between morphology and acoustic variables using simple linear regression in conclusion in terms of song structure three significant positive correlations existed between length and mean echeme duration mean echemeinterecheme ratio maximum echemeinterecheme ratio we found out also four significant negative correlations between both length and weight with minimum interecheme intervals mean dominant frequency minimum DF maximum dominant frequency and between weight and minimum interecheme intervals mean dominant frequency minimum dominant frequency maximum DF it can be found that larger males of t plebejus produce songs of lower frequency and are less silent between echemes | MEDAL |
the at receptor mediates most of the biological effects of angiotensin ii and has therefore been implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension as well as arteriosclerosis hypercholesterolemia is a prominent risk factor for the development of these cardiovascular diseases since experimental results from HL animal models suggested an interaction of the reninangiotensin system and hypercholesterolemia the effects of lowdensity lipoprotein ldl and hypercholesterolemia has recently been investigated in vitro and in vivo ldl causes in cultured V1 smooth muscle cells an upregulation of at receptor gene expression which is followed by an enhanced functional response upon stimulation with angiotensin ii this effect is also evident in vivo as assessed in hypercholesterolemic rabbits the V1 at receptor expression is increased approximately twofold in hypercholesterolemic rabbits in comparison to normocholesterolemic animals this leads ultimately to an enhanced angiotensin iiinduced vasoconstriction thus hypercholesterolemia and elevated concentrations of ldl enhance at receptor expression in the vasculature causing an enhanced biological effectiveness of the reninangiotensin system this interaction may explain that blockade of the reninangiotensin system attenuates the progress of arteriosclerosis in the hypercholesterolemic organismen and indicates a pathophysiologically important role for the lipidinduced at receptor upregulation | MEDAL |
to investigate the changes of cardiomyocyte inflammation and fibrosis AF in HR of i.c. balloon injury inflammatory rat model using rat i.c. balloon injury MM to detect left ventricular characteristics at h days and days T3 surgery using hematoxylineosin he gross stain massons trichome stain and western blot analysis for inflammatory and fibrosisinduced AF tumour CN factor α tnfα jnk pα connective tissue growth factor ctgf sp and transforming growth factor β tgfβ protein expressions the rat CAs were injured T3 h days and days balloonangioplasty to he stain results showed the increasing trend of left ventricular wall at h and days then the left VVI wall became thinner and the left VVI chamber became enlarged and dilated after days of carotid artery BI in addition the massons trichome stain results showed that the left ventricular section has fibrosisrelated blue IF collagen at and days T3 rat i.c. balloon injury and became even more severe at days furthermore we observed the protein expression level changs which include tnfα jnk pα ctgf sp and tgfβ using WB CA all proteins were induced at h days and then reached the maximal level at days the vessel inflammation was associated with cardiac inflammatory and fibrosis effects during or after i.c. balloon injury | MEDAL |
the acetohydroxyacid synthase ahas of brucella suis can be effectively targeted by the sulfonylureas chlorimuron ethyl and metsulfuron methyl growth in MM was inhibited and multiplication in human macrophages was totally abolished with microm of sulfonylureas metsulfuron methylresistant mutants showed reduced viability in macrophages and reduced ahas activity | MEDAL |
we describe a yearold woman who had had wartlike lesions on the hands lower arms and forehead for about years she had already had several basal cell carcinomas excised histological study electron microscopy and in situ hybridization human papilloma virus hpvtypes of skin biopsies confirmed a diagnosis of epidermodysplasia verruciformis ev photodynamic therapy pdt was performed using a 5-ALA ointment applied for h to the lesions and irradiating using an incoherent CS source lambda nm mwcm jcm following pdt blistering and crusting of the lesions occurred but these healed CR within weeks without scarring and the cosmetic result was excellent six months after pdt a skin biopsy was taken in situ hybridization was positive for hpv type in skin which was clinically and histologically normal twelve months T3 pdt a few lesions had recurred on the hands although permanent cure of ev cannot be achieved by any therapy at present and single lesions continue to appear in this patient topical pdt might result in better control of hpvinduced lesions | MEDAL |
sialic acid and mucoprotein tyrosine mpt as two important and sensitive indicators of blood serum glycoprotein changes were used for the dynamic follow up of the RT growth in humans their determination was performed before and during chemotherapy with the aim to evaluate indirectly the sensitivity or resistance of malignant cell to the clinical chemotherapy a total amount of cases with gynecological HM was investigated according to the results of the laborabory findings the patients were divided into three groups a with decreased values after chemotherapy b with no changes or increased values c uncertain results the laboratory findings corresponded well with the clinical course of the disease | MEDAL |
the extent of antigenic diversity within a population of human parainfluenza virus type hpiv isolates collected over a year period was investigated twentythree monoclonal antibodies mabs made to the hemagglutininneuraminidase protein hn F0 protein f phosphoprotein p and nucleoprotein np of a type CS were compared in their ability to bind to the different clinical isolates in elisa and hemagglutinininhibition hi CA four hn one f and two np mabs bound equally to all of the viruses tested but six of the mabs demonstrated significant antigenic heterogeneity most of these antigenic changes appeared SD over time and noncummulative four of the clinical isolates and the type virus had similar reactivity patterns AT1 a to these mabs while the remaining isolates may form a second group AT1 b childrens sera demonstrated this same AT1 specificity in hi assays one NT site was present on the CS and not on any of the subsequent isolates the possibility of two or more major subtypes of hpiv should be considered in future epidemiologic therapeutic and vaccinerelated work | MEDAL |
monoclonal dnpspecific igg lambda epsilon igm kappa mu and igg kappa gamma were isolated fom the culture supernatant of hybridomas by affinity chromatography with dinitrophenol bovine SS Al dnpbsa sepharose and characterized by biochemical and biological methods the molecular weights were for the epsilon chain for the gamma chain and for the mu chain as determined by SDS polyacrylamide del electrophoresis sdspage the association constants for hdnplysine determined by equilibrium dialysis were x lmol for ige and x mol for igg the isoelectric focusing of the purified monoclonal antibodies revealed for igg seven bands at a ph range of and for ige sixteen bands at a ph range of to the binding of iantiige to rat basophilic leukaemia rbl and RMC which had been preincubated with various amounts of monoclonal ige was studied at saturation conditions of ige about x molecules of antiige were bound per rat mast cell rat mast cells coated with monoclonal antidnp ige were triggered for the release of histamine in the presence of either the antigen or guineapig antimouse ige a mutual inhibition of the PCA pca reaction in the rat by either mixing mouse reaginic SS directed against ovalbumin or rat reaginic serum directed against Nb with monoclonal mouse antidnp ige was demonstrated | MEDAL |
most models of dystonia pathophysiology predict alterations of activity in the BG thalamocortical motor circuit the globus pallidus interna gpi shows bursting and oscillatory neuronal discharge in both human dystonia and in animal models but it is not clear which intrinsic BG pathways are implicated in this abnormal SO the subthalamic nucleus stn receives prominent excitatory input directly from cortical areas implicated in dystonia pathogenesis and GABA input from the external globus pallidus the goal of this study was to elucidate the role of the stn in dystonia by analyzing stn neuronal discharge in patients with idiopathic dystonia data were collected in awake patients undergoing microelectrode recording for implantation of stn deep brain stimulation electrodes we recorded stn SN in patients with primary dystonia as a comparison group we recorded stn neurons in patients with FPD pd singleunit activity was discriminated offline by principal component analysis and evaluated with respect to discharge rate bursting and oscillatory activity the mean stn discharge rate in dystonia patients was hz sd which was lower than that in the pd patients hz sd but higher than published values for subjects without basal ganglia dysfunction oscillatory activity was found in both disorders with a higher proportion of units oscillating in the beta range in pd bursting discharge was a prominent feature of both dystonia and pd whereas sensory receptive fields were expanded in pd compared with dystonia the stn firing characteristics in conjunction with those previously published for gpi suggest that bursting and oscillatory discharge in basal ganglia SO may be transmitted via pathways involving the stn and provide a pathophysiologic rationale for stn as a surgical target in dystonia | MEDAL |
meningitis or meningoencephalitis is a known complication of scrub typhus focal neurological deficits are rarely reported including hemiparesis quadriparesis and isolated cranial nerve palsies here we are reporting a years female who presented with fever headache ptosis diplopia facial deviation and unsteadiness of gait due to scrub typhus scrub typhus can present as acute or subacute meningitis complicated by multiple cranial palsies and cerebellitis hence it needs to be differentiated from acute bacterial meningitis and tubercular meningitis as delay in diagnosis and treatment will affect the morbidity and mortality | MEDAL |
a gnrh antagonist antarelix was used to suppress endogenous pulsatile secretion of lh and delay the preovulatory lh surge in superovulated heifers to study the effect of a prolonged follicular phase on both follicle and oocyte SQ oestrous cycles were synchronized in heifers with progestagen norgestomet implants for days on day day day of oestrus heifers were stimulated with mg pfsh for days and luteolysis was induced at day with FP ml estrumate animals in the control group n were killed h T3 the last fsh injection at this time heifers in group ah n and group ah n were treated with mg of antarelix every h for and h respectively and then killed after dissection of ovarian follicles oocytes were collected for individual in vitro maturation fertilization and culture follicular fluid was collected for determination of steroid concentrations and GCs were smeared fixed and stained for DUE of pycnosis rates granulosa cell smears showed that of follicles were healthy in the control group in contrast and of the follicles in group ah showed signs of early or T3 atresia respectively while of the follicles in group ah showed signs of late atresia intrafollicular concentrations of oestradiol decreased p from healthy follicles ng ml to late atretic follicles ng ml progesterone concentrations were higher p in healthy follicles compared with atretic follicles irrespective of degree of atresia oestradiolprogesterone ratios decreased p from healthy to late atretic follicles the intrafollicular concentrations of oestradiol and progesterone were significantly higher p in the control than in the treated CG the oestradiolprogesterone ratio was higher p in the control than in the ah and ah groups unexpectedly the cleavage rate of fertilized oocytes blastocyst rate and number of cells per blastocyst were not significantly different among control and ah and and ah and CG in addition there were no significant differences in the blastocyst rates from oocytes derived from healthy early atretic T3 atretic and late atretic follicles in conclusion the maintenance of the preovulatory follicles in superovulated heifers with a gnrh antagonist induced more atresia ans were reconstructed at and mm intervals ri hard copies were analyzed by two radiologists who recorded every nodule with regard to location diagnostic confidence definite probable and nodule size in increments of mm with specific attention to correct classification into one of three size classes or mm mm mm interobserver variability was determined with pearsons correlation coefficient and kappa measure of a total of nodules nodules were found accordingly by both readers at mm ri and at mm ri there was a good correlation of measurements in millimeters between both readers pearsons correlation coefficient interobserver R2 in categories was good at both reconstruction intervals kappa at mm at mm ri and very good at mm ri when uncertain nodules were excluded spiral ct allows reproducible size determination of pulmonary nodules as shown by good interobserver PA in exact size measurement and categorization into three size classes | MEDAL |
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