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the mechanism of postextrasystolic potentiation pesp has been studied in the left IVT in humans however this phenomenon has not been evaluated in the RA ventricle accordingly sinus beats were compared to PES beats during the same cineventriculogram using simultaneous highfidelity RA VVI rv and pulmonary i.a. pressures and castvalidated biplane cineventriculographic volumes in normal patients the increase in cycle length was standard deviation in the postextrasystolic beats right VVI ejection fraction increased from to p less than and rv stroke volume increased from to ml p less than due to an increase in rv EDV volume to ml p less than as rv endsystolic volume to ml difference not significant and rv endsystolic pressure to mm hg difference not significant remained unchanged despite an increase in rv systolic pressure from to mm hg p less than and an increase in rv EDV pressure from to mm hg p less than rv dpdtmax did not change to mm hgs difference not significantabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
we calculate the IB energy of on and offcenter hydrogenic impurities in a parabolic quantum dot subjected to an intense highfrequency laser field an exactly solvable MM that replaces the actual coulomb interacangiectasiamutated atm and CK cks and the atmck cluster phosphorylation attenuates cbp IB and creb transcriptional activity paradoxically it was recently reported that dna damage activates creb through homeodomaininteracting protein kinase dependent phosphorylation of ser near the creb bzip dna IB domain in this study we sought to further clarify dna damagedependent creb phosphorylation as well as to explore the possibility that the atmck cluster and ser synergistically or antagonistically modulate creb activity we show that rather than being induced by dna damage ser and ser of creb cophosphorylated in a cdkdependent manner during gm phase functionally we show that phosphorylation of creb on serser during mitosis correlated with reduced creb chromatin occupancy furthermore cdkdependent phosphorylation of creb in vitro inhibited its dna CBA the combined results suggest that cdkdependent phosphorylation of creb on serser facilitates its dissociation from chromatin during mitosis by reducing its intrinsic dna binding potential | MEDAL |
we encountered two cases of pulmonary infection by mycobacterium abscessus m abscessus case a yearold man who had been treated for nontuberculous mycobacterium in the past was admitted because of productive cough his chest xray film showed cavitation and direct microscopy of sputum revealed positive acidfast bacilli afb he was given rifampicin rfp ethambutol eb and clarythromycin cam and then his symptoms and radiographic findings improved case a yearold man with multiple myeloma as an underlying disease was admitted because of a cavitation found on CXR and a positive result for afb in his sputum standard antituberculous drug therapy with INH inh rfp eb and pyradinamide pza was initiated and then the chest radiographic findings improved as m abscessus was isolated two weeks T3 the induction of therapy the therapeutic regimen was changed to another ACT consisting of eb clarithromycin cam and ciprofloxacin cpfx and then his PS and radiographic findings were further improved in both cases the bacilli found in their sputum were identified as m abscessus by dna hybridization they were completely resistant to all antituberculosis agents and many antibiotics with a high value of mic however their symptoms radiographic CA and the results of sputum examination improved following chemotherapy the results obtained by mic measurement were inconsistent with the clinical outcomes the measurement of the mic value of antibiotics do not necessarily predict its therapeutic effect | MEDAL |
HM oligosaccharides hmos as an abundant and bioactive component of breast milk work in many ways to promote the health of breast fed infants the expression of hmos has been shown to vary in accordance with lewis blood type and secretor status as women of different blood types differ in the expression of α fucosyltransferase fut and α fucosyltransferase fut in this T0 hmos were extracted from the milk of women from the gambia africa with various lewis and Se blood types the hmos were profiled using high resolution hplcchiptof mass spectrometry notably the amounts of fucosylation varied significantly between leab nonsecretors leab and leab secretors and leab nonsecretors with higher frequency of expression of the recessive Le negative and nonsecretor phenotypes in west african populations the hmo profiles of several milks from women of these phenotypes were examined demonstrating decreased amounts of total oligosaccharide abundance and lower relative amounts of fucosylation also in this T0 four TPS fucosylated structures fl lnfp i ldft and lndfh i were determined to be specific and sensitive glycan markers for rapidly determining Se status without the need for serological testing | MEDAL |
most previously reported mutations in CADASIL cadasil result in an odd number of cysteine residues within the epidermal growth factor egflike repeats in notch we report here rp mutation in two japanese cadasil families not directly involving cysteine residues located within the first egflike repeats probands in both families had repeated episodes of stroke depression dementia as well as t highintensity lesions in the basal ganglia and periventricular VWM but fewer VWM lesions in the temporal pole on mri these families provide new insights into the diagnosis and pathomechanisms of cadasil | MEDAL |
pneumothoraces are sometimes complicated by a persistent air leak or bronchopleural fistula requiring prolonged CT drainage nonsurgical treatment of persistent bronchopleural fistulas is often performed in patients who are poor surgical candidates but the ideal method of closure is not known here we report closure of a persistent distal bronchopleural fistula using a oneway endobronchial valve designed for the treatment of emphysema | MEDAL |
enzymealtered foci eaf in CL are assumed to be precursor lesions for tumors in this organ results obtained with selected hepatocarcinogens which produce lesions of differing phenotype and growth SMB indicate that not the total number of enzymealtered cells but rather the proliferation of individual cell clones is of L1 importance for additional changes leading to malignancy analyses including multiple marker enzymes demonstrate a relationship between foci phenotype and proliferation the inducibility of certain downregulated enzymes in eaf indirectly suggests disturbances in the expression of RII genes such as protooncogenes data on haras and cmyc protooncogene expression in eaf are presented | MEDAL |
we sought to compare the sensitivity of endocardial and Epi microvessels to several important neurohumoral substances porcine endocardial microvessels microns diam from the anterior papillary muscle and Epi microvessels of similar size from the left anterior descending distribution were studied in a pressurized state using an in vitro microvesselimaging apparatus endotheliumdependent relaxations to BK adp a and to the endotheliumindependent vasodilator nitroprusside were identical between Endo and epicardial MV in contrast the sensitivity of Endo microvessels to adenosine was substantially greater than that of Epi microvessels eds of vs p less than Endo vs epicardial respectively although adenosine caused relaxation of both CG of vessels at the highest concentrations adenosine vasorelaxation was not affected by inhibition of cyclooxygenase by indomethacin microm or SD of guanosine cyclic monophosphate by ly microm forskolin dilated both Endo and epicardial vessels completely but was more potent in endocardial vessels these data show that Endo and Epi MV exhibit similar sensitivity to most vasodilator agents endocardial microvessels however are more sensitive to both adenosine and forskolin the enhanced responsiveness to adenosine may be related to adenosine cyclic monophosphatemediated mechanisms and may have important implications regarding regulation of myocardial perfusion in deeper subendocardial layers | MEDAL |
this article analyzes an MI by the rio de janeiro municipal health department smsrj brazil to reduce the neonatal MR strategies for organizing and upgrading neonatal care in the municipal system including an increase in the number of neonatal highrisk beds we studied the trends in NMR neonatal care provided in different public hospitals and admissions profile and mortality in four neonatal intensive care units nicus under the smsrj there was a concentration of highrisk neonatal care in the municipal hospitals an increase from of the care provided for live premature neonates in to in and a reduction in the neonatal mortality rate in units under the unified NHS from deaths per thousand live births in to in there was no reduction in the prematurity and low birth weight rates among mothers residing in the municipality of rio de janeiro analysis of admissions to the nicus showed a high proportion of neonates born to mothers from municipalities outside rio de janeiro while of the mothers had not received prenatal care and the mortality rate among newborns with birth weight g was | MEDAL |
it has occasionally been claimed that multiple sclerosis ms may be due to a chronic mercury intoxication eg from mercury liberated from dental fillings therefore the present communication compares the mercury content assayed by neutron activation in macroscopically normal areas FC lobe of ms autopsy brains with those of control samples no significant differences could be traced between the two CG concerning total mercury however the lipidsoluble mercury preferably methyl mercury expressed per cell unit dna was found significantly decreased in ms these data may be explained either by a washout of lipid soluble mercury due to breakdown of the bloodbrain barrier in ms or to abnormalities in methylation processes probably related to the vitamin b metabolism in ms | MEDAL |
case report of BL CS syndrome due to primary nonhodgkin lymphoma of the CNS system in a patient infected by the HIV virus a yearold male patient infected by the HIV virus but without ART developed paralysis of the v and vi cranial nerves imaging studies were obtained to investigate an orbital apex and a cavernous sinus syndrome a computerized tomography scan of the orbit was normal but a highresolution magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated BL enlargement of the CS although primary lymphoma of the CNS system is a rare condition it should be considered in the differential diagnosis in ICP who develop ocular motility abnormalities and imaging signs suggestive of infiltrative CS lesions | MEDAL |
despite advances in the management of AD polycystic kidney disease over the past two decades infection of CL and kidney cysts remains a serious and potentially threatening complication kidney cyst infection is the most frequent complication it is differentiated from hemorrhage by the clinical presentation mainly the severity and duration of fever creactive protein crp and WG blood cells levels and the density of the suspected cyst on computed tomography liver cyst infection occurs more frequently in patients with C1 cysts volumes it can be life threatening and has a tendency to recur in both infections the best radiological imaging technique is positron emission tomography T3 i.v. of ffluorodeoxyglucose combined with computed tomography treatment with a fluoroquinolone should be continued for weeks cyst aspiration is necessary only when cysts are very large andor when infection is resistant to antibiotic treatment in patients who are candidates to kidney transplantation a history of recurrent kidney cyst infection justifies pretransplant nephrectomy while a past PH of recurrent CL cyst infection or angiocholitis leads to consider liver transplantation among extrarenal and extrahepatic complications of polycystic disease colic diverticulosis is reported to be associated with increased risk of infection in patients on hemodialysis and after kidney transplantation however this observation needs to be confirmed | MEDAL |
acylsuccinyl glycerophosphorylcholine gpc was synthesized and its properties described although acylsuccinyl gpc is a good substrate for succinate dehydrogenase experiments on the incorporation of c succinate into mitochondrial lipids gave no evidence to indicate that it is an intermediate in the enzymic oxidation of succinate to fumerate as has been suggested earlier | MEDAL |
this study investigated the lower extremity preventive measures for slips on simulated slippery surfaces in construction worksites a total of harnessed chinese males walked without slips on a m walkway in simulated conditions times at their natural cadence joint moments were calculated from kinetics kinematics and anthropometric data recorded from a force plate a novel pedar system and a motion CAS data were evaluated from footstrike to midstance at stance intervals electromyography signals from tibialis anterior gastrocnemius rectus femoris and BF in one stride were evaluated in four phases including earlylate stance and swing results showed that LE preventive measures for slips included prolonged ankle plantar flexion moments from to stance increased ankle plantar flexion moments from stance to midstance and diminished knee extension moments from to stance higher activity of rectus femoris and gastrocnemius were found in the late stance and the swing phase respectively | MEDAL |
our findings confirm that APE when caused by LVF represents a form of acute perfusion failure shock with metabolic acidemia lactacidemia and a reduction in forward blood flow it is associated with a marked increase in peripheral resistance and an increase in venous capacitance most importantly acute pulmonary edema is associated with a reduction in the intravascular blood volume APE is not fundamentally different from other types of shock in which the shock state is initiated by one primary defect and during the course of its progression other primary mechanisms are called into action in the instance of acute cardiogenic edema the primary defect is cardiac pump failure and the AA defects include hypovolemia and distributive defects associated with arterial vasoconstriction and expanded A-V capacitance furosemide reverses APE by increasing rather than decreasing intravascular blood volume with consequent improvement in the distributive and hypovolemic defects under extreme conditions the volume defect in acute pulmonary edema may be so great that the patient presents with primary hypovolemia the utilization of volume repletion is warranted under these circumstances | MEDAL |
glaucoma is the leading cause of blindness in blacks black patients usually present to the ophthalmologist with more extensive optic nerve damage as compared with whites and the disease process follows a malignant course even after intervention is initiated consequent to a greater amount of iris pigmentation blacks require medications in higher concentrations to receive significant lowering of intraocular pressure patients with darker thicker irides are more prone to have subacute angleclosure glaucoma which requires gonioscopy and the recognition of subtle details that may be difficult to interpret if medical therapy fails the results of noninvasive surgical intervention such as argon laser trabeculoplasty and traditional surgical intervention such as TE have a much lower success rate in the black population when compared with studies of the general populationit is essential that the primary physician be aware of the early signs and risk factors for glaucoma which are herein outlined in detail only through early recognition proper referral and aggressive treatment can the incidence of blindness AA to glaucoma be decreased | MEDAL |
in the last decades schizophrenia has intensively been studied using various brain imaging techniques however several potential confounding factors limited their interpretation power eg chronicity the impact of antipsychotic medication by considering psychosis as a continuum of changes starting from mild cognitive impairments to serious psychotic PS it became possible to provide deeper insight in the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the ON of psychosis by focusing on atrisk individuals and firstepisodes recent BB imaging metaanalyses of the first episode psychosis fep noteworthy reported conjoint bilateral structural and PET differences at the level of the insula the superior temporal gyrus and the medial FC gyrus encompassing the ACC in the present review we thus provide an update of BB imaging studies of fep with a particular emphasis on more recent anatomical functional and molecular explorations specifically we provide a review of the common features observed in individuals with high risk for psychosis and changes characterizing the transition to psychosis a description of the environmental and drug AF influencing these abnormalities how these findings in fep may differ from those observed in chronic individuals with schizophrenia and a short overview of new classification algorithms able to use mri findings as valuable biomarkers to guide early PCD in the prodromal phase of psychosis | MEDAL |
intracranial embolization usually arises from HR precerebral artery or aorta but rarely the peripheral artery as VA upstream of embolus should be overcome we encountered a woman who experienced a transient right acronumbness followed by a sudden ON of left hemiplegia and conscious change concurrently cranial computerized tomography revealed a hemorrhagic infarct at right lentiform nucleus angiography disclosed right axillary i.a. occlusion at the proximal portion without collateral circulation cardioaortic survey and coagulation profile were normal thrombectomy was done and radial flow was QTc rapidly postthrombectomic heparinization did not bring complication therefore a distant embolism from peripheral artery at the upper limb should be alerted for cerebral ischemia a lower density of embolus and noflow condition in her occluded axillary i.a. may facilitate the upstreamed embolization heparinization under closed monitor is not contraindicated for preventing restenosis T3 thrombectomy in case of hemorrhagic transformation in brain | MEDAL |
aneuploidy may result from abnormalities in the biochemical pathways and cellular organelles associated with chromosome segregation monastrol is a reversible cellpermeable nontubulin interacting inhibitor of the mitotic kinesin eg motor protein which is required for assembling and maintaining the MI spindle monastrol can also impair centrosome separation and induce monoastral spindles in rat somatic cells the ability of monastrol to alter kinesin eg and centrosome MICs and spindle geometry may lead to abnormal chromosome segregation mouse oocytes were exposed to control and microgml monastrol in vitro for h during MI and subsequently cultured for h in monastrolfree media prior to cytogenetic analysis of metaphase ii oocytes a subset of oocytes was cultured for h prior to processing cells for meiotic i spindle analysis monastrol retarded oocyte maturation by significantly p decreasing germinal vesicle breakdown and increasing the frequencies of arrested metaphase i oocytes also significant p increases in the frequencies of monoastral spindles and chromosome displacement from the metaphase plate were found in oocytes during meiosis i in metaphase ii oocytes monastrol significantly p increased the frequencies of PCS and aneuploidy these findings suggest that abnormal meiotic spindle geometry predisposes oocytes to aneuploidy | MEDAL |
a new device for estimation of hydrogen in expired air is described the measuring principle consists of a semiconductive detector with a high affinity for hydrogen experiments on reliability and reproducibility are satisfactory a good correlation has been obtained with the results of GC analysis of hydrogen in REF gases as well as in samples of expired air discrimination between lactose absorbers and lactose malabsorbers in consecutive patients is the same when using both methods simultaneously this socalled lactoscreen supplied with separate collection systems for infants and for older children provides a rapid estimation of breath hydrogen concentration a builtin hydrogen generator produces hydrogen air mixtures of VL concentrations thus obviating the need for external reference gases the lactoscreen appears to be reliable for routine screening for carbohydrate malabsorption in children and adults and is easy for medical assistants to handle | MEDAL |
transmitter release from chromaffin cells differs from that in synapses in that it persists for a longer time T3 ca entry has stopped this prolonged secretion is not due to a delay between vesicle fusion and transmitter release nor to slow PCD of released substance step increases in capacitance due to single vesicle fusion precede the release detected by amperometry by only a few milliseconds the persistence of secretion T3 a depolarization is reduced by addition of mobile calcium buffer this suggests that most of the delay is due to DWI of ca between channels and release sites implying that ICa and secretory LDV are not colocalized in BCC in contrast to presynaptic AS zones | MEDAL |
humanin is a small secreted peptide that is encoded in the mitochondrial genome HN and its analogues have a protective role in multiple agerelated diseases including type diabetes and alzheimers disease through cytoprotective and neuroprotective effects both in vitro and in vivo however the humaninmediated signaling pathways are not well understood in this paper we demonstrate that humanin acts through the gpilst receptor complex to activate akt erk and stat signaling pathways HN treatment increases phosphorylation in akt erk and stat where pik mek and jak are involved in the activation of those three signaling pathways respectively furthermore old mice but not young mice injected with humanin showed an increase in phosphorylation in akt and erk in the hippocampus these findings uncover a key signaling pathway of HN that is important for humanins function and also demonstrates an agespecific in vivo effect in a region of the brain that is critical for SM formation in an agedependent manner | MEDAL |
RF CA rfca at the ostium of the pulmonary veins can potentially cure atrial fibrillation leftsided ablation procedures may carry a risk of TE events emboli from intracardiac thrombus originate from the left atrial appendage laa in a substantial number of patients the presence of SEC in the left atrium la and laa peak emptying flow or cms are also significantly related to thromboembolic events evaluation of the anatomy of the la and laa prior to leftsided procedures is therefore mandatory intracardiac echocardiography ice appears an ideal technique to obtain this information during the rfcaprocedure in the current report we report on the use of ice detecting a thrombus in the laa in a patient planned to undergo rfca of pulmonary veins for atrial fibrillation | MEDAL |
two major mechanisms responsible for chromosome segregation errors are nondisjunction and CL both leading to aneuploidy previous studies in our laboratory showed the existence of thresholds for the induction of chromosome nondisjunction and chromosome loss and the induction of apoptosis by microtubule inhibitors from a mechanistic point of view one can expect that apoptosis contributes to the beta of cells with premutagenicmutagenic lesions if aneuploid cells were eliminated by the induction of apoptosis below the threshold concentrations for chromosome loss and nondisjunction the defined thresholds would not be applicable to cells unable to undergo apoptosis the aim of this study was to investigate whether apoptosis was induced directly or indirectly as a response to aberrant chromosome segregation below the thresholds for the induction of chromosome loss and nondisjunction as previously defined by us therefore HL were exposed in vitro to five concentrations of nocodazole and five concentrations of carbendazim representing the threshold concentrations for chromosome nondisjunction and CL two concentrations below the lowest threshold and one concentration between the two threshold values after h SE to the aneugens induction of apoptosis was analysed by the annexinv test the frequencies of chromosome nondisjunction and CL were estimated in cytokinesisblocked HL in combination with fish this methodology was applied to whole cell cultures as well as to AI and viable cell fractions obtained using magnetic annexin microbead cell sorting our results suggest that elimination of AN cells does occur however the efficiency of disappearance of micronucleated cells is higher than for cells presenting chromosome nondisjunction the rho found between early apoptotic events and MN formation could account at least in part for the specific beta of aneuploid cells | MEDAL |
a method using a thin layer chromatography tlc for compoundspecific SD carbon isotope analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pahs with four to seven rings was developed in this study five aerosol samples were used as test samples two stationary phases and eight developing systems were tested the results indicated Si gel is superior to aluminum oxide and the ODS precoated SP developed with hexanechloroform vv can give the best separation effect individual pahs associated with aerosols can be effectively separated from unresolved complex mixture ucm by this procedure the carbon isotope composition of pahs can be measured with a sigma sd per thousand n no significant isotopic fractionation was observed during the tlc procedure and this technique can be used as a potential tool for source ID of pahs in the aerosols | MEDAL |
the first liver transplantation ltx in sweden was performed in but brain death as a legal death criterion was not accepted until between november and may we performed consecutive ltxs in patients twentyfour grafts were from donors T3 cardiac death dcd and grafts from HB donors hbd significantly more hepatic artery thrombosis and biliary complications occurred in the dcd group p and p respectively VG and patient survival did not differ between the groups in the total group there was a significant difference in VG survival between firsttime ltx grafts and grafts used for retransplantation there was better GS in nonmalignant than malignant patients although this did not reach statistical significance MVA revealed CIT and postltx peak alt to be independent predictive AF for graft survival in the dcd group in the livers surviving years or more followup biopsies were performed years postltx n and years postltx n signs of chronic rejection were seen in three cases with no difference between dcd and hbd our analysis with a year followup suggests that controlled dcd CL grafts might be a feasible option to increase the donor pool | MEDAL |
biliopancreatic diversion with DS bpdds is one of the most effective bariatric surgeries in terms of weight loss and remission of comorbidities it is however associated with a significant risk of protein and nutritional deficiency as well as gastrointestinal side effects | MEDAL |
a simple method is presented for estimating the molecular electrostatic potential in and around molecules using systematic molecular fragmentation this RPA estimates the potential directly from the electron density the accuracy of the method is established for a set of organic molecules and ions the utility of the approach is demonstrated by estimating the IB energy of a water molecule in an internal cavity in the protein ubiquitin | MEDAL |
obesity and insulin resistance have been shown to be risk factors for laminitis in horses the objective of the study was to determine the effect of changes in body condition during the grazing season on insulin resistance and the expression of genes associated with obesity and insulin resistance in subcutaneous adipose tissue sat sixteen finnhorse mares were grazing either on cultivated highyielding pasture cg or seminatural grassland ng from the end of may to the beginning of september body measurements intravenous gl tolerance test ivgtt and neck and tailhead sat gene expressions were measured in may and september at the end of grazing cg had higher median body condition score vs IQ range vs p and body weight kg vs kg ± mean ± sem p and larger waist circumference p than ng neck fat thickness was not different between treatments however tailhead FT was smaller in cg compared to ng in may p but this difference disappeared in september greater basal and peak insulin concentrations and faster glucose CL p during ivgtt were observed in cg compared to ng in september a greater decrease in plasma nonesterified fatty acids during ivgtt p was noticed in cg compared to ng T3 grazing there was downregulation of insulin receptor retinol binding protein OB and monocyte chemoattractant protein and upregulation of adiponectin adipoq adiponectin receptor and stearoylcoa desaturase scd gene expressions in sat of both groups during the grazing season p positive correlations were observed between adipoq and its receptors and between scd and adipoq in sat p in conclusion grazing on cg had a moderate effect on responses during ivgtt but did not trigger insulin resistance significant temporal differences in mRNA profiles were observed during the grazing season | MEDAL |
capillary gc and hplc of metal chelates of pentamethylene DTC were examined copperii nickelii cobaltiii ironiii manganeseii and chromiumiii chelates formed in slightly acidic media ph were extracted in methyl isobutyl ketone or chloroform capillary gc elution and separation was carried out on methylsilicone db column m x mm id with film thickness microm electroncapture detection was used elution was carried at initial column temperature degrees c with an increment at a rate of degrees cmin up to degrees c and maximum temperature was maintained for min symmetrical peaks with baseline separation were obtained with the metal chelates investigated with linear calibration range between and microgml for each metal ion and PCD limits in the range of microgml corresponding to pg of metal ion reaching to the detector hplc separation was carried out from lichrosorb ods microm column and complexes eluted with methanolwater mm sodium acetate vv with a flowrate of mlml uv detection was at nm the detection limits obtained were in the range microgml the methods were applied to the determination of metal ions in canal water and coal samples with rsd values within the results when compared with a standard flame AA spectrophotometric method and revealed no significant difference | MEDAL |
a week doubleblind parallel group T0 compared the efficacy and tolerability of paroxetine and fluoxetine in depressed geriatric outpatients age or years patients with an acute major depressive episode were randomized to receive either paroxetine to mg n or fluoxetine to mg n after a to day washout tau evaluations at weeks and used the item HRS for depression hamd cognitive CF was assessed by use of the minimental state examination mmse and the sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale scag tolerability was assessed by response to a nonleading question concerning AEs there were no significant differences between treatments at week on the hamd total NC from baseline however there was a statistically significant difference p at week in favor of paroxetine results from the mmse and scag showed that during treatment patients in the paroxetine group were characterized by greater improvement in cognitive function than were those in the fluoxetine group this result was statistically significant at week for both scales p AEs occurred most frequently within the gastrointestinal and nervous systems for both drugs with no significant differences between treatments | MEDAL |
the solvation of glycine in two ionic liquids ils namely butylmethylimidazolium acetate ccimoac and butylmethylimidazolium trifluoroacetate ccimtfa was studied by a combination of experimental and theoretical methods the solubility of glycine in both ils was determined at k to be ± and ± wt in ccimoac and ccimtfa respectively by ir spectroscopy it was found that when dissolved in the ils glycine was mainly present in its zwitterionic form structural and energetic aspects of the solvation of glycine in the ils and in mixtures of ils and water were investigated by ab initio calculations and molecular dynamic simulations it was observed that the firstly solvation shell around glycine consisted predominantly of acetate or TFA anions which formed hydrogen bonds either with the carboxylic group of neutral glycine or with the protonated ammonium group of the zwitterionic form when water is present in the solutions hydrogen bonds between water and the anion prevail the overall energy of the system was decomposed into its components between pairs of species it was established that the dominant contribution to the interaction SE between glycine and the il was due to hydrogen bonds with the anions and the statistics of hydrogen bonds were analysed | MEDAL |
CL c cc neurotization has been an important RPA for brachial plexus injury bpi patients can achieve relatively good grasping CF driven by the proximal extrinsic hand muscle flexor digitorum fd after cc neurotization whereas the thumb opposition function driven by the distal intrinsic muscle abductor pollicis brevis apb is poor the present study aimed to investigate the BB reorganization patterns of the REC processes of intrinsic and extrinsic hand functions after repairing the MN by cc neurotization TMS stimulation tms and PET magnetic resonance imaging fmri were used to evaluate the cerebral STDP in one bpi patient T3 cc neurotization after the cc neurotization the patient showed improvements in the paralyzed hand combination of tms and fmri investigations demonstrated different cortical reshaping patterns of apb and fd it was also found that the G1 cortical Az of fd were located in BL motor cortices but the area of apb was only located in ipsilateral motor SC the CBF STDP procedure appeared to be different in the gross and fine motor function recovery processes it provided a new perspective into the cerebral plasticity induced by cc neurotization | MEDAL |
histidinetryptophanketoglutarate htk preserves rat muscle CF during CS we examined the effect of htk perfusion on preservation of microvascular function during h of warm ischemia and subsequent reperfusion ir in the rat cremaster muscle leukocyteendothelium interactions capillary perfusion and arteriole diameters were quantified prior to htkperfusion andor ischemia and at and h after restoration of blood flow in all groups the number of rolling WBCs increased with time whereas ir induced a slight increase in leukocyte adhesion T3 ischemia capillary perfusion rapidly recovered to about and returned to near normal T3 h htk at degrees c did not affect the assessed MC variables whereas htk at degrees c reduced leukocyte rolling but not adhesion therefore microvascular function of htkperfused muscles was not better preserved during warm ir than that of nonperfused muscles contrary to other preservation solutions htk perfusion in itself was not detrimental to the MC | MEDAL |
in order to analyze the hormonal effects of dehydroepiandrosterone dhea in skin sebaceous glands the precursor steroid was po to ovariectomized ovx female SDRs at a dose of mg applied on the dorsal skin twice daily for and months in a parallel experiment female ovx rats were treated with dhea at the same daily percutaneous dose of mg CT or in combination with the antiandrogen flutamide or the pure antiestrogen em for months in order to determine the androgenic andor estrogenic components of dhea action treatment of female ovx rats with dhea resulted in a similar mild to moderate PH of the sebaceous PG of both dorsal site of application and VP skin as illustrated by an increase in the number and size of the acini the aboveindicated effects were observed at all time intervals studied beginning at months of treatment and they were not further increased after longer term administration of dhea for and months the addition of flutamide to dhea treatment CR prevented the dheainduced changes in the sebaceous PG whereas the antiestrogen em had no effect the present data indicate an exclusive androgenic stimulatory action of dhea on the sebaceous glands thus pointing out the importance of local intracrine dhea transformation into androgens for skin anatomical integrity and CF while showing that Es if AS in rat skin do not originate from dhea | MEDAL |
thyroid hormone dependent gh rat pituitary tumor cell growth in SF chemically DM required a serumderived mediator ie thyromedin which was identified as transferrin sirbasku da stewart bh pakala r eby je sato h roscoe jm biochemistry the transferrin isolated was consistent with the equine r or d variants and was biologically AS only as apotransferrin apotf to determine if other variants of horse transferrin also were thyromedins a purification was developed which yielded seven separate forms initially only four of these had activity when assayed in standard iron salts containing medium ed values of nm to further assess activity the iron contents of all seven were altered either by saturation with ferric ammonium citrate or by citrateacid depletion of the metal ion thereafter potencies were compared in iron salts containing and iron salts reduced media all seven variants proved to be AS as apotf bioassays in which apotf was maximized showed ed values of nm conversely assays in which thyromedins were converted to tffe showed no activity previously the only known physiological CF of apotf was that of a carrierdetoxifier of iron this T0 indicates a new role in hormonedependent PIT cell growth | MEDAL |
integrons are unique natural systems for capturing and spreading the antibiotic resistance genes among GNB gene transfer into small genomes and into plasmids is via sitespecific recombination integrons act as receptors of antibiotic resistance cassettes there are known more than cassettes conferring resistance to betalactams aminoglycosides TMP chloramphenicol streptomycin and other antibiotics the structure of integrons and of gene cassettes are described and the mechanisms of capture mobilization and expression of cassettes considered | MEDAL |
this article describes an approach for assessing and comparing complex cognition in Rh monkeys and pigeons by training them in a sequence of synergistic tasks each yielding a whole function for enhanced comparisons these species were TR in similar samedifferent tasks with expanding training sets ⦠pictures followed by novelstimulus transfer eventually resulting in full abstractconcept learning conceptlearning functions revealed better rhesus transfer throughout and full concept learning at the set versus pigeons at the set they were then tested in delayed samedifferent tasks for proactive interference by inserting occasional tests within trialunique sessions where the test stimulus matched a previous sample stimulus trials prior proactiveinterference functions revealed timebased interference for pigeons s delays but eventbased interference for Rh no effect of s delays they were then tested in listmemory tasks by expanding the sample to four samples in trialunique sessions minimizing proactive interference the fouritem listmemory functions revealed strong recency memory at short delays gradually changing to strong primacy memory at long delays over s for Rh and s for pigeons other species comparisons and future directions are discussed | MEDAL |
except for relatively few polarity reversals the magnitude of the magnetic mu of the earth has remained constant since life first began allowing evolutionary processes to integrate the GMF gmf into several biological functions one of these bearing the CP signature of an ion cyclotron resonance icrlike interaction results in biological NC associated with enhanced proton transport the wide range of cation masses over which this effect is found suggest a fundamental biological dependence on the gmf one that functions equally well for electric as well as magnetic fields such generalization of icr requires two things transparency of tissues to the gmf and suitably tuned elf resonant magnetic or electric fields to complement the widely reported icr responses to applied ac MFs we hypothesize the existence of weak endogenous icr electric field oscillations within the cell this equivalence implies that even in the absence of applied ac MFs biological systems will exhibit intrinsic gmfdependent ion cyclotron resonance intracellular interactions many icr effects that have been reported appear as antagonist pairs suggesting that the characteristics of the gmf have not only been incorporated into the genome but also appear to function in an endocrinelike manner | MEDAL |
popliteal artery aneurysms pas occur in older men with significant comorbidity and limited life expectancy this needs to be remembered when planning elective T0 for asymptomatic aneurysms in the absence of significant distortion pas cm in diameter can be managed by sequential ultrasound scanning their rate of thrombosis is no worse than that of grafts T3 elective bypass intraarterial thrombolysis for acute thrombosis should be restricted to intraoperative usage to clear run off | MEDAL |
to compare the efficacy of pars plana vitrectomy ppv at different time points to treat acute retinal necrosis arn and to investigate the necessity of ppv for arn | MEDAL |
relating the electromyogram emg to joint torque is useful in various application Az including prosthesis control ergonomics and clinical biomechanics limited study has related emg to torque across varied joint angles particularly when subjects performed forcevarying contractions or when optimized modeling methods were utilized we related the bicepstriceps surface emg of subjects to elbow torque at six joint angles spanning ° to ° during constantposture torquevarying contractions three nonlinear emg Ï torque models T3 emg amplitude emg Ï estimation processors ie whitened multiplechannel and the duration of data used to train models were investigated when emgtorque models were formed separately for each of the six distinct joint angles a minimum gold standard error of ± mvcf resulted ie error relative to maximum voluntary contraction at ° flexion this model structure however did not directly facilitate interpolation across angles the best model which did so achieved a statistically equivalent error of ± mvcf results demonstrated that T3 emg Ï processors lead to improved joint torque estimation as do longer MM training durations | MEDAL |
a young partially blind holstein steer was affected by mild cerebral atrophy formalinfixed CBF GM was diffusely yellow brown microscopically there were eosinophilic autofluorescent granules primarily in the cytoplasm of CBF neurons there was also extensive retinal atrophy with CR loss of the rod and cone layers ultrastructural examination of affected cerebral neurons revealed a mixture of granular osmiophilic and lamellar patterns in the cytoplasmic storage bodies this suggests the existence of neuronal ceroidlipofuscinosis in the holstein breed | MEDAL |
sixtyfive percent of multiple sclerosis patients have moderate to severe urinary PS and up to initially present with urinary symptomatology urinary retention neurogenic detrusor overactivity and detrusor sphincter dyssynergia all increase the risk for urinary tract infections in patients with multiple sclerosis and these infections may exacerbate their immune response leading to symptom progression fewer than half of the patients with urinary symptoms have seen a specialist and only half have been treated for their neurogenic DO several treatments including PFM therapy pelvic floor electrical stimulation anticholinergics desmopressin sacral nerve neuromodulation PTN stimulation cannabinoids and intravesical therapy with vanniloids as well as botulinum toxin have all been shown to be effective in treating urinary PS in those with multiple sclerosis CIC is invaluable in patients with persistent UR to avoid infection and upper tract dysfunction indwelling transurethral catheterization should be avoided because of the high risk of infection identification and successful treatment of these urinary conditions will improve the health and SQ of life for these men and women | MEDAL |
sickle cell anemia sca or ss homozygous sickle cell disease is an inherited blood disorder caused by single nucleotide substitution in the βglobin gene that renders their hemoglobin hbs much less soluble than normal hemoglobin hba when deoxygenated the polymerization of hbs upon deoxygenation is the basic pathophysiologic event leading to rbc sickling hemolysis vasoocclusion and ultimately to chronic organ damage the metabolic changes imposed by exercise may initiate sickling and vasoocclusive episodes further in patients with sca exercise limitation may be related to anemia or chronic complications such as pulmonary V1 disease CHF and chronic PC lung disease few studies have investigated the CR responses of patients with sca during either symptomlimited VO2max test on cycloergometer or during a six minute walk test therefore patients are advised to start exercise slowly and progressively to maintain adequate hydration during and after exercise to avoid cold exposure or sudden change in temperature and to avoid sports associated with mechanical trauma there are however lack of evidence to allow practitioners to prescribe an exercise program for patients with sca and individuals are usually encouraged to exercise on a symptomlimited basis finally this review will also highlight the basic principles that are often used for exercise practice and could be used for exercise prescription and rehabilitation in patients with sickle cell anemia | MEDAL |
difficulties in social interaction are a central feature of asperger syndrome ERP SI involves the ability to solve interpersonal problems as and when they occur here we examined social problemsolving in a group of adults with asperger syndrome and control group matched for age gender and iq we also assessed autobiographical memory on a cueing task and during social problemsolving and examined the relationship between access to TPS past experiences and social problemsolving ability results demonstrated a social problemsolving impairment in the asperger group their solutions were less detailed less effective and less D2 in time autobiographical memory performance was also impaired with significantly longer latencies to retrieve TPS memories and fewer specific memories retrieved in comparison to controls | MEDAL |
the isolation of the genes located in chromosome and the characterisation of their CF are essential steps towards the understanding of the physiopathological mechanisms involved in down syndrome we have used two cDNA approaches to characterise the function of the novel gene dscr down syndrome critical region gene the isolation and characterisation of the mouse gene homologue to the human dscr gene and the analysis of the expression of the gene in different human cell lines we have isolated and characterised a bp of a mouse cdna having a high homology to the human dscr gene the predicted mouse dscr protein has an identity of as compared to the human protein indicating that the dscr protein has been conserved during the evolution however the amino acid CS is not rat to other known proteins or to known protein domains the dscr gene is expressed throughout all the stages of the mouse embryo OD in the AD mouse the gene is expressed in testis kidney liver brain heart skeletal muscle and pancreas the expression analysis of the dscr gene in different human tumour derived cell lines indicates that the gene is expressed in all proliferating cell lines tested the C2 of the dscr mrna correlate with cellular growth of tg and jurkat cells in response to different treatments the expression DP throughout the foetal development together with the correlation observed with the Tc indicates a possible function for the dscr gene related to cell proliferation | MEDAL |
the development and reversal of tolerance to the hemodynamic and antianginal effects of isosorbide dinitrate in a sustained PR form isdnsr were investigated in male patients mean age yo with SD EA treadmill exercise test DUE of hemodynamic parameters and measurement of plasma isdn concentrations were performed during the control period on the st th and th days of therapy with mg of isdnsr orally every h and subsequently on the day when isdnsr was readministered T3 a h placebo period th day initially ETT ett was prolonged significantly p less than by isdnsr from sec in the control period to sec on day this prolongation was significantly reduced with sustained therapy and ett was shortened to sec on the th day p less than vs day and sec on the th day p less than vs day the effects of isdnsr initially observed were restored T3 a h PL period and ett was prolonged to sec on the th day the resting HR rate was increased significantly p less than vs control and systolic blood pressure was decreased p less than vs control by isdnsr on day these changes were also diminished significantly p less than vs day with sustained therapy and were restored after a h nitratefree intervalabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
a detailed clinicopathologic analysis of patients with sporadic fatal infectious mononucleosis and males with fatal infectious mononucleosis and the XLP was performed to determine the extent of hepatic dysfunction in these cases at death the median age of patients with sporadic IM was yr vs yr for XLP syndrome the median survival time was wk for sporadic IM and only wk for XLP the male to female ratio was in sporadic IM all patients with xlinked lymphoproliferative syndrome were males fever sore throat lymphadenopathy hepatomegaly and splenomegaly were prominent findings hepatic dysfunction was uniformly present and caused death in of sporadic infectious mononucleosis cases and of XLP cases diagnosis of IM was confirmed by heterophile antibody titers or monospot epsteinbarr virus antibody studies viral culture molecular hybridization studies clinical and histologic findings and pedigree analysis | MEDAL |
in january six out of persons attending a party in a small northwest florida town near the gulf of mexico became ill with norwalk virus gastroenteritis after eating raw oysters PS experienced by the ill persons were principally nausea vomiting and diarrhea and were of brief duration the symptom complex and epidemiology of NV infection closely resemble the gastrointestinal illness commonly referred to as the hour intestinal flu or stomach flu NV infection was identified in this outbreak by application of a recently developed sensitive and TPS serologic radioimmunoassay oysters from the incriminated batch had FC levels above recommended standards however recent studies of oysterharvesting waters have shown only a weak correlation between fecal coliforms and the presence of enteric viruses further studies are needed to determine whether modifications of monitoring modalities for oysterharvesting waters are needed | MEDAL |
defects mm long were created in long bone in the diaphysis of both radii of rabbits test and control side on the test side ingrowth of bone marrow into the defects was hindered or delayed by plugging the opening of the cut bone ends with GP points n plugging with gelfoam n or by removing the bone marrow by flushing with saline n the defects on both test and control side were covered with an ePTFE shaped as a tube healing was followed with radiographs for four to five months T3 which the animals were killed and ground sections of the Az of the defects were prepared for histological examination on the control side nine of animals had CR osseous bridging of the defect and a small transverse nonmineralised zone remained in the centre of the healed defect in the other animals this zone consisted of loose connective and cartilagenous tissue as well as connective tissue obviously derived from the outside of the membrane by preventing or delaying the ingrowth of bone marrow we retarded the regeneration of mineralised bone particularly in the GP and flushed bone marrow groups the principle of guided tissue regeneration may be used to achieve regeneration of extensive longbone defects any attempts to delay or prevent bone marrow ingrowth into the defects did retard regeneration of segmental longbone defects | MEDAL |
we examined the hypothesis that onoo a product of the interaction between superoxide o and nitric oxide no inhibits calciumactivated k kca channel activity in V1 smooth muscle cells vsmcs of human coronary arterioles hcas thereby reducing hyperpolarizationmediated vasodilation hcas were dissected from right atrial appendages the interaction of onoo with microvessels was determined by immunohistochemistry using a nitrotyrosine antibody strong staining was observed in arteries exposed to authentic onoo or to sodium nitroprusside snpxanthine xaxanthine oxidase xo dilation to moll BK bk was abolished in vessels exposed to onoo p but not dconoo reduced dilation to bk was also observed after application of xo and snp dilation to ns kca channel opener was reduced in EC denuded arterioles treated with onoo in isolated vsmcs wholecell peak k current density was reduced by onoo control papf onoo papf p iberiotoxin had no further effect on wholecell k current in insideout patches onoo but not dconoo decreased open state probability npo of kca channel by o generated by xaxo had no effect on bkinduced dilation and npo of kca channels these results suggest that onoo but not o inhibits kca channel activity in vsmcs possibly by a direct effect this mechanism may contribute to impaired edhfmediated dilation in conditions such as ischemiareperfusion where increased activity of no synthase occurs in the presence of excess of o | MEDAL |
poreforming toxins pfts are commonly associated with bacterial and other prokaryote pathogenesis in eukaryotes pfts play important roles in immunity embryonic OD and neuralcell migration two families of globular protein pfts the cholesteroldependent cytolysins cdcs and the membrane attack complexperforin superfamily macpf arrest researchers attention due to their unique molecular configuration and the CF cdcs are produced by grampositive bacteria and disrupt the membrane of host cells during infection in eukaryotes macpf proteins have both lytic and nonlytic roles with perfringolysin o pfo for example the structure and molecular mechanism of cdcs are relatively well characterized recently crystallographic together with PSA studies revealed that although macpf and cdcs were extremely divergent at the CAA CS level their common fold suggests that lytic macpf proteins use a cdclike mechanism of membrane disruption this paper focuses on the structure molecular mechanism of poreformation and the research hotspot of the two families of pfts providing valuable clues for the future research in this field | MEDAL |
to evaluate the necessity for RP in the preoperative evaluation of children undergoing pyeloplasty we reviewed the records of consecutive patients age range days to years median year who underwent pyeloplasty at our institution during a year period the routine preoperative DUE consisted of a renalbladder sonogram furosemide renal scan mtechnetiumdiethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid or mtechnetiummercaptoacetyltriglycine and voiding cystogram no other imaging studies were obtained in patients other upper tract studies usually performed before referral included excretory urography in cases and computerized tomography in preoperative RP was only performed in symptomatic patient before referral to our institution surgical findings confirmed obstruction at the ureteropelvic junction in all patients undetected ureteral dilatation which might suggest undiagnosed distal one was not encountered T3 pyeloplasty patients were lost to followup renal drainage improved in and drainage failed to improve in of whom required reoperation all patients who presented with symptomatic ureteropelvic junction obstruction experienced postoperative resolution of the presenting complaints our series demonstrates that routine retrograde pyelography to define the level of one is not necessary for successful primary pyeloplasty in experienced hands and with careful attention to detail the combination of renalbladder US and diuretic renography can reliably exclude the possibility of distal obstruction in children with HN before pyeloplasty | MEDAL |
pulmonary hypertension ph i e an increase of mean pulmonary artery pressure above mm hg under resting conditions can be observed in different forms of sleepdisordered PLB sdb in obstructive SA osa the apneaassociated triggers of hypoxia and i.t. pressure swings lead to repetitive rises of pulmonary i.a. pressure during sleep in of these patients daytime ph occurs ph in the setting of osa is usually mild and rarely causes clinically evident cor pulmonale effective cpap therapy has a beneficial influence on pulmonary hemodynamics in osa severe congestive HR failure i e with a lvef might provoke pulmonary A-V hypertension and thereby stimulation of pulmonary stretch and irritant receptors the ensuing HV leads to a decrease of pco levels below the apneic threshold and thus contributes to the emergence of cheyne stokes QO2 csr in up to one half of the affected patients patients suffering from advanced idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension ipah might show a similar PLB DP while asleep possible pathogenetic factors of the nocturnal PB occurring in endstage ipah are prolonged circulation times and hypocapnia in conclusion sdb might cause ph osaassociated ph on the other hand ph might lead to the development of sdb csr in congestive HR failure periodic breathing in ipah | MEDAL |
giant cell tumours of the tendon sheath gctts and pigmented villonodular synovitis pvns are part of a spectrum of benign proliferative lesions of synovial origin that may affect the joints bursae and tendon sheaths this review article describes the clinicopathological features and imaging findings in patients with gctts gctts usually presents as a soft tissue mass with pressure erosion of the underlying bone magnetic resonance mr imaging of gctts typically shows low to intermediate signal on t and tweighted spinecho sequences due to the presence of haemosiderin which exerts a paramagnetic effect on gradientecho sequences the paramagnetic effect of haemosiderin is further exaggerated resulting in Az of very low signal due to the blooming artefact ultrasonography shows a soft mass related to the tendon sheath that is hypervascular on colour or SP doppler imaging | MEDAL |
skunk rabies in arkansas increased from laboratory confirmed cases in to in and in in the arkansas department of health declared a skunk rabies epizootic in arkansas skunk rabies accounted for of the total rabies cases in and march april and may had the highest incidence in each year symvu computer analysis illustrated the CSD and spread of rabies in general rabies was confined to the upland Az of the state regression analysis of densityindependent variables revealed no rho with the CSD of rabies indicating the primary determinants to be biotic | MEDAL |
field studies of the ecology of EEE virus eeev family togaviridae genus alphavirus in the southeastern united states have demonstrated that culex erraticus dyar and knab is the most common mosquito at many enzootic CS and is often infected with the virus however the competence of cx erraticus for eeev has not been explored in detail culex erraticus females were collected from the field and fed upon eeevinfected chicks the INF mosquitoes were provided honey for nutrition and to monitor for time to infectiveness of the mosquitoes that survived the d postfeeding period were INF and had evidence of a disseminated infection though titers were generally low eeev was first detected in honey d postinfection and was detected in samples collected from of the mosquitoes with a disseminated infection overall these data and others were then employed to with lymphadenopathy here we report a case of primary tracheobronchial nhl which was confirmed by histopathological analysis of the endobronchial biopsy specimens we initially could not treat with chemotherapy because the lifethreatening obstruction of the BL main bronchi caused by nhl T3 interventional bronchoscopy involving cryotherapy electrocautery and APC to successfully alleviate AO we were able to administer chemotherapy which elicited a GR this case illustrates that nhl should be considered in the differential diagnosis of central airway one interventional bronchoscopy is an effective method to alleviate AO in primary tracheobronchial nhl and prepare the patient to receive tumorspecific chemotherapy and other treatments | MEDAL |
the study was aimed to observe the changes in mean platelet volume in patients with sudden hearing loss taking the close relationship of vascular reasons and sudden hearing loss into account | MEDAL |
in china cases of cutaneous porphyrias together with cases reported by other clinicians from to were reviewed of a total of cases were epp cases but only cases were pct this prevalence differs from that in other parts of the world the article discussed this disparity and some notable points early diagnosis of epp using the fluorescence microscopic test for determination of rbc protoporphyrin is important the complication of hepatobiliary aspects in pct and epp was noticed CL disease seems to be an important precipitating factor in china | MEDAL |
wheat leaves contain two isoproteins of the photosynthetic ferredoxinnadp reductase pfnri and pfnrii truncated forms of both enzymes have been detected in vivo but only pfnrii displays NT lengthdependent changes in activity to investigate the impact of NT truncation on interaction with ferredoxin fd recombinant pfnrii proteins differing by deletions of up to amino acids were generated during purification of the isoproteins found in vivo the longer forms of pfnrii bound more strongly to a fd affinity column than did the shorter forms pfnriiiskk and pfnriinkkqd further truncation of the ntermini resulted in a pfnrii protein which failed to bind to a fd column similar kcat values s for cytochrome c reduction were measured for all but the most truncated pfnriindegv which had a kcat of s stoppedflow kinetic studies examining the impact of truncation on electron flow between mutant pfnrii proteins and fd showed there was a R2 in kobs from to s dependent on the pfnrii partner to analyze the sites which contribute to fd IB at the pfnrii NT three mutants were generated in which a single or double lysine residue was changed to glutamine within the in vivo nterminal truncation region the mutations affected binding of pfnrii to the fd column based on activity measurements the double lysine residue change resulted in a pfnrii enzyme with decreased fd affinity the results highlight the importance of this flexible nterminal region of the pfnrii protein in IB the fd partner | MEDAL |
the effectiveness of perioperative administration of TP-5 in preventing postoperative infection was evaluated in patients with cancer gastric colorectal who underwent elective L1 surgery comparable subsets of patients were obtained with respect to age proportion over years and NS patients with serum albumin level less than milligrams or WL of per cent or more of usual bodyweight were considered to be malnourished patients were then randomly assigned to a control group or to a group receiving thymopentin all patients received perioperative ST antibiotic prophylaxis and postoperative parenteral nutrition C2 of cd cd and cdpositive t cell subsets were evaluated before and after surgery in ten elderly patients from eachst partially overcome the GABA effects of retinoic acid these results demonstrate several important mechanisms by which chondrocyteecm interactions may be modulated the differential effects of retinoic acid and tgfbeta on attachment correlate with their known effects on matrix synthesis which suggests a link between matrix synthesis and Int expression in chondrocytes | MEDAL |
though EIA eia has been recognized for centuries its characteristics standardized testing and pharmacologic management have been clarified only in the last two decades controversy continues concerning etiology whether or not cold air hypertonic and hypotonic bronchial challenges involve the same mechanisms and the incidence and clinical significance of late phase reactions aerosolized adrenergic agents such as albuterol or terbutaline when po prior to exercise are usually ERP in preventing eia theophylline varies in effectiveness from subjecttosubject as does cromolyn sodium other agents such as h antihistamines ipratropium bromide calcium channel blockers and adrenocorticosteroids are less effective when used alone but may be useful when used in association with the more potent drugs | MEDAL |
vertebral i.a. injury can be a complication of CSI although most cases are asymptomatic the rare case progresses to severe NI and fatal outcomes we experienced a case of BL cerebellar and BB stem infarction with fatal outcome resulting from vertebral artery injury associated with C2 spine trauma a yearold male was admitted to our hospital because of tetraplegia after falling down the stairs and hitting his head on the floor marked bony damage of the C2 spine was not apparent on radiographs and ct scans so the injury was initially considered to be a cervical cord injury without bony damage however an intensity change in the intervertebral disc at cc and a VP EDH were observed on mri a ct angiogram of the neck showed the right vertebral i.a. was completely occluded at the c level of the spine fortyeight hours T3 injury the patient lapsed into drowsy consciousness the cranial ct scan showed a massive lowdensity area in the bilateral cerebellar hemispheres and brain stem AC was initiated T3 a diagnosis of the RA vertebral i.a. injury but the patient developed bilateral cerebellar and BS infarction the patients brain herniation PD and the patient died h after injury we considered that not only anticoagulation but also treatment for thrombosis would have been needed to prevent cranial embolism we fully realize that early and appropriate treatment are essential to improve the treatment results and constructing a medical system with a team of orthopedists radiologists and neurosurgeons is also very important | MEDAL |
a yearold woman presented with weight loss of kg over two years clinical examination revealed no TPS abnormality and the patient was otherwise asymptomatic chest radiography performed to screen for malignancy revealed a soft tissue opacity projected over the mediastinum computed tomography of the thorax showed an enhancing anterior mediastinal mass with heterogeneous enhancement and contrast pooling in the arterial phase followed by homogeneous enhancement in the A-V phase consistent with an aneurysm arising from the SVC this case highlights superior vena cava aneurysms as extremely rare causes of anterior mediastinal masses other causes of anterior mediastinal masses were also discussed | MEDAL |
shape complementarity is an important component of molecular recognition and the ability to precisely adjust the shape of a IB scaffold to match a target of interest would greatly facilitate the creation of highaffinity protein reagents and therapeutics here we describe a general RPA to control the shape of the binding surface on repeatprotein scaffolds and apply it to leucinerichrepeat proteins first selfcompatible buildingblock modules are designed that when polymerized generate surfaces with unique but constant curvatures second a set of junction modules that connect the different building blocks are designed finally new proteins with customdesigned shapes are generated by appropriately combining buildingblock and junction modules crystal structures of the designs illustrate the SP of the approach in controlling repeatprotein curvature | MEDAL |
altered hypothalamicpituitaryadrenal CF associated with allergic disease has generally been thought to be secondary to the stress of chronic disease however recent studies suggest that altered cortisol CR and cortisol stress hyperresponsiveness precede the inception of allergic disease and are possible links between preventive factors associated with the hygiene hypothesis and the development of allergies elevated endogenous cortisol responses to stressful stimuli could predispose susceptible hosts to atopy and allergic disease by biasing the developing immune system to a t helper predominant immune response greater total and allergenspecific serum immunoglobulin e responses andor inhibition of peripheral immune tolerance because glucocorticoid receptors are present throughout the human body and many genes contain glucocorticoid response elements variances in endogenous cortisol concentrations could have an impact on the phenotypic STDP of a wide range of immunologically active genes during early human immune OD here recent findings related to hypothalamicpituitaryadrenal CF in infants predisposed to developing allergic disease are discussed along with speculation regarding the potential causal role of endogenous cortisol in the inception of allergic disease | MEDAL |
the gabaa receptorchloride channel complex has been shown to be modulated by a variety of chemicals scores of chemicals with diverse and unrelated structures augment the gabainduced chloride current while some other chemicals suppress the current certain heavy metals and a variety of polyvalent cations increase or decrease the current in a potent and efficacious manner we have studied the mechanisms whereby mercury copper zinc and lanthanides modulated the gaba system by wholecell and singlechannel patch clamp techniques as applied to the rat DRG SN in primary SC mercuric chloride augmented the gabainduced current to of control at microm and to of control at microm it also generated a slowly developing inward current carried by a variety of ions in contrast methylmercury suppressed the gabainduced current the potent stimulation of the gaba system by mercuric chloride is deemed important in mercury intoxication copper and zinc suppressed the gabainduced current with an ec of and microm respectively they bound to a common site on the external surface of the gaba receptorchannel complex lanthanum augmented the gabainduced current with an ec of microm by increasing the affinity of the receptor for gaba it bound to a site on or near the external surface of the gaba receptorchannel complex which is different from the CS for gaba barbiturates benzodiazepines picrotoxin and copperzinc six other lanthanides with larger atomic numbers also exerted the same stimulatory effect with their efficacies increasing with the atomic number singlechannel analyses have revealed that the augmentation of wholecell current by Tb a lanthanide is due to three actions an increase in the overall mean open time a decrease in the overall mean closed time and an increase in the overall mean burst time | MEDAL |
primary cilium has emerged as mechanosensor to subtle flow variations in epithelial cells but its role in shear AS detection remains controversial to probe the function of this nonmotile organelle in shear AS PCD by cells we compared calcium signalling responses induced by shear stress in ciliated and unciliated mdck cells cytosolic free ca²⺠ca²âºi was measured using furape video imaging FM in response to shear stress due to laminar flow μl sâ»Â¹ our results show that both unciliated and ciliated mdck cells are shear AS sensitive via atp release and autocrine feedback through purinergic receptors however P2 calcium signaloronary events in the perioperative period have a decreased fiveyr survival rate cardiovascular risk stratification prior to liver SPK can be accomplished by dobutamine stress echocardiography stress myocardial perfusion imaging cardiac computed tomography and coronary angiography preliver transplant management of cardiovascular pathology includes cardiovascular intervention like percutaneous coronary intervention CABG VG surgery or medical management thorough screening and optimal management of underlying cardiovascular pathology and cardiovascular risk factors should decrease the incidence of new CE in CL Tx | MEDAL |
patients with osteoporosis have to be diagnosed at an early stage to prevent fractures the worst complication of this disease currently measurements of bone mineral density bmd are used most frequently in the diagnosis of osteoporosis according to the world health organization osteoporosis is defined on the basis of bmd measurements that are compared with those of a healthy young female population the best established techniques to measure bmd are dual xray absorptiometry of the lumbar spine and proximal femur and quantitative computed tomography of the lumbar spine conventional radiographs are not suited to assess bone mass but they are important in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of osteoporotic fractures quantitative ultrasound and structure analysis based on highresolution magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography are newer techniques in the diagnosis of OP that also focus on the assessment of bone structure | MEDAL |
we have studied the urinary excretion of Ox and glycollate in patients with the zellweger syndrome and hyperoxaluria type i and have measured the activity of alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase a peroxisomal enzyme in man in the patients in PA with earlier reports we found that alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase was strongly deficient in CL from a hyperoxaluria type i patient thus explaining the increased urinary excretion of Ox and glycollate in these patients in livers from zellweger patients however in which morphologically distinguishable peroxisomes are absent the enzyme was not deficient which is in accordance with our finding that the urinary excretion of oxalate and glycollate was normal in these patients | MEDAL |
to T0 the epidemiology of helicobacter pylori infection in children of low socioeconomic level in belo horizonte brazil | MEDAL |
to describe a case of ceftriaxoneinduced immune hemolytic anemia ciiha in a yearold boy with sickle cell disease scd and perform a systematic literature review to delineate the clinical and laboratory features of this condition | MEDAL |
the occurrence of a granulocytic leukemia in of female strain n guinea pigs given nnitrosonbutylurea continuously in their drinking water for weeks is reported here this leukemia has been successfully transplanted in this guinea pig CS for SPK generations by ip inoculation of leukemic blood or marrow cells macroscopically and microscopically this leukemia resembles the chronic myelogenous form in humans histochemical studies showed however that unlike the human leukemic cells those in the leukemic guinea pigs are alkaline phosphatase positive electron microscopic studies of the guinea pig leukemic cells revealed the presence of numerous intracisternal atype particles that are not found in corresponding normal WBCs | MEDAL |
there are several reports of the collision of vascular and pigmentary anomalies eg phakomatosis pigmentovascularis and the association between congenital MN and infantile hemangiomas we report a case of SN arising in skin overlying a congenital plaquelike glomuvenous malformation gvm this is the first report of a spitz nevus arising in direct contiguity to a gvm | MEDAL |
tracheal resection for invasive TC is well described segmental tracheal or cricotracheal resection and reconstruction is an uncommon but established method in the treatment of invasive thyroid cancer this has seldom been reported in a recurrence following external beam radiotherapy radiotherapy compromises healing and predisposes tracheal reconstruction to dehiscence a fasciaonly radial forearm freeflap reconstruction of a segmental cricotracheal resection is described | MEDAL |
on the basis of its anatomic connections and singleunit properties the superior temporal polysensory area stp would seem to be primarily involved in visuospatial functions we have examined the effects of lesions of stp on saccadic eye movements visual fixation and SP eye movements to directly test the hypothesis that stp is involved in visuospatial and visuomotor behavior seven monkeys were TR to make saccades to targets and degrees from a CE FP along the horizontal meridian and degrees from the central FP along the vertical meridian one monkey was also trained to make saccades to auditory targets the same monkeys were trained to foveate a stationary CE fixation point and to follow it with a smooth pursuit eye movement when it began moving or degreess four monkeys received unilateral stp lesions one received a BL stp lesion and as a control two received unilateral IT SC it lesions after testing three of the animals with unilateral stp lesions received an additional stp lesion in the hemisphere contralateral to the first lesion similarly one animal with a unilateral it lesion received an additional it lesion in the hemisphere CL to the first lesion all monkeys with complete removal of stp showed a significant increase in saccade latency to the most peripheral contralateral target and most also had increased saccade latencies to the other contralateral targets saccades directed to targets along the vertical meridian or toward targets in the hemifield ipsilateral to the lesion were not impaired by removal of stp by contrast it lesions did not impair the monkeys ability to make saccadic eye movements to visual stimuli at any location showing that saccades to visually guided targets are not impaired nonspecifically by damage to VC the deficit in making eye movements T3 stp lesions was TPS to saccade latency with little effect on the accuracy of saccades to visual targets in the one monkey trained to make saccades to AEP targets removal of stp did not impair saccades to auditory targets contralateral to its lesion despite this monkey showing the largest increase in saccades latencies to visual targets there was complete REC of saccade latency to the baseline level of performance on the saccade task T3 all stp lesionsabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
the study of the behaviour profile in subjects with praderwilli syndrome pws | MEDAL |
we studied the effects of hypo and hyperandrogenemia on the plasma C2 of serotonin and its L1 metabolite hydroxyindoleacetic acid as well as on the size of ec cell pool in the small and C1 intestine of AD male wistar rats in the control group after orchiectomy and after administration of longacting testosterone omnadren orchiectomy did not NC the levels of serotonin hydroxyindoleacetic acid and the number of ancells in the epithelium of the small and C1 intestine administration of omnadren increased serum level of free testosterone and reduced plasma serotonin concentration the level of hydroxyindoleacetic acid remained unchanged and hence the rate of serotonin metabolism increased hyperandrogenemia significantly reduced the number of an in the jejunum and ileum and did not NC this parameter in the duodenum and colon | MEDAL |
we report here an efficient high SP narrow linewidth μm gas raman amplifier by means of a hydrogenfilled hollowcore fiber a μm narrow linewidth continuous wave seed laser is coupled into the hollowcore fiber together with a high power pulsed nm mopa laser through a shortpass dichroic mirror and then amplified by stimulated raman scattering of hydrogen with m fiber length and bar gas pressure the maximum average nm stokes SP of mw is obtained a record average power level for such experiments the maximum peak SP is about kw the linewidth is about ghz and the quantum efficiency is about this work has demonstrated the potential to get a high average power gas raman laser in a hollowcore fiber and it further provides the possibility to achieve a high average power μm MIR fiber laser by cascaded gas stimulated raman scattering | MEDAL |
different hydroxypropyl methylcellulose hpmcanhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate adcp matrix tablets have been developed aiming to evaluate the influence of both components ratio in the control PR of a watersoluble drug theophylline in order to characterise the matrix tablets swelling buoyancy and dissolution studies have been carried out in different AQ media demineralised water progressive ph medium simulated gastric fluid simulated intestinal fluid and simulated colonic fluid the hpmcadcp ratio has turned out to be the determinant in the matrix behaviour the hpmc characteristic swelling behaviour was modulated in some cases by the adcp characteristic acidic dissolution when the hpmcadcp ratio was ⥠buoyancy continuousand edman sequencing members of three AMP families and two KPI families were found to be localized in barnyard grass seeds their biological activity concerning to grampositive and GN phytopathogenic bacteria as well as oomycete phytophthora infestans has been investigated diversity of barnyard grass defense MMP is a significant factor that provides a resistance of e crusgalli seeds to germination and latent phases | MEDAL |
the rad postreplication repair and mutagenesis pathway is the only L1 radiation repair pathway yet to be extensively characterized it has been previously speculated that the rad pathway consists of two parallel subpathways one error free and another error prone mutagenic here we show that the rad group genes can be exclusively divided into three rather than two independent subpathways represented by the rad pol and rev genes the rev pathway is largely mutagenic whereas the rad and the pol pathways are deemed error free mutants carrying characteristic mutations in each of the three subpathways are phenotypically indistinguishable from a single mutant such as rad which is defective in the entire rad postreplication repairtolerance pathway furthermore the rad mutation is epistatic to all single or combined mutations in any of the above three subpathways our data also suggest that mms and ubc play a key role in coordinating the response of the errorfree subpathways mms and ubc form a complex required for a novel polyubiquitin chain assembly which probably serves as a signal transducer to promote both rad and pol errorfree postreplication repair pathways the MM established by this study will facilitate further research into the molecular mechanisms of postreplication repair and TLS in view of the high degree of CS conservation of the rad pathway genes among all eukaryotes the model presented in this study may also apply to mammalian cells and predicts links to human diseases | MEDAL |
an antiserum directed against the human form of corticotropinreleasing factor crf was utilized for immunohistochemical visualization of the distribution of this peptide in the IO nucleus and cerebellum of monkey species saimiri sciureus macaca fascicularis colchicine pretreatment was not used in both species immunoreactivity was evident in the vast majority of neurons in the inferior olivary nucleus with perikarya in the MAO exhibiting especially intense IF in cerebellum no labeled perikarya were present but immunoreactive axons exhibiting the morphological characteristics of CFs and their collaterals were observed in cortical and nuclear structures in the cortex most labeled axons were confined to the molecular and purkinje cell layers in the sagittal plane individual axonal arbors originated from thick isolated axons at the base of the molecular SL and repeatedly ramified as they extended toward the cortical surface in coronal sections only thin paired profiles were present labeled processes also formed efflorescences in the granular SL of cortex and were evident as highly arborized axons in cerebellar nuclei in each of these instances the labeled elements resembled CFs or their collaterals as visualized by other methods other labeled processes in the granular layer exhibited the morphological characteristics of mossy fiber axons immunoreactive climbingfiberlike axons were present in the molecular layer throughout the L1 regions of cerebellar SC however the most intensely labeled of these axons were strikingly clustered within particular regions and parasagittal domains in the vermis and intermediate zone intensely labeled axons were present only within parasagittal zones similar in location to those defined by climbing fiber innervation from the MAO intensely labeled axons were also densely but uniformly distributed within the uvula the medial region of the dorsal paraflocculus and the dorsal region of the pyramis areas that receive their climbing fiber input primarily from the medial accessory olive labeled SF were much less dense and were not clustered in the lateral hemispheres the present observation of crflike immunoreactivity in the monkey olivocerebellar pathway is compatible with the previous observation of crf mrna within olivary SN of rat baboon and human young et al and with recent immunohistochemical findings in rat sakanaka et al palkovits et al cat cummings et al kitahama et al sheep cummings et al and human powers et al abstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
when polymorphonuclear leukocytes pmnl and soluble or particulate matter interact the cells produce CL the chemotactic peptide formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine induced a twopeak CL response in pmnl the response was modified both in magnitude and in the time course of the response when pmnl were incubated at degrees c for to min before the addition of stimulus the cellular response to formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine was also changed by the addition of cellfree S9 from stored pmnl suspensions to freshly prepared pmnl before the addition of formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine this indicated that pmnl during storage released substances that changed the chemiluminescence response a similar NC could be obtained by addition of purified myeloperoxidase to freshly prepared pmnl before the addition of stimulus indicating that the myeloperoxidasehydrogen peroxide system can function as a modulator of the cellular response to chemotactic factors | MEDAL |
the left ventricular pressure curve was registered in experiments on isolated guinea pig heart performing external work an analysis of initial diastolic portion of the curve in logarithmic scale has revealed for the first time that the time course of the pressure fall is accelerated during transition from isovolumic to auxovolumic phase the constant of pressure fall rate in auxovolumic phase acpfr has been approximately fold higher than isovolumic constant the former also changed significantly more than the latter one during elevation in ca perfusate concentration or egta addition a parallel reduction in acpfr and rate of left ventricular filling during egta addition was observed in special experiments with elimination of left atrium distension thus inotropic changes in myocardial relaxation seem to determine left ventricular filling rate | MEDAL |
we propose a novel compressive sensing cs method on spectral domain OCT sdoct by replacing the widely used uniform discrete fourier transform udft matrix with a new sensing matrix which is a modification of the nonuniform DFT nudft matrix it is shown that undersampled nonlinear wavenumber spectral data can be used directly in the cs reconstruction thus kspace grid filling and klinear mask calibration which were proposed to obtain linear wavenumber sampling from the nonlinear wavenumber interferometric spectra in previous studies of cs in sdoct cssdoct are no longer needed the nudft matrix is modified to promote the sparsity of reconstructed ascans by making them symmetric while preserving the value of the desired half in addition we show that dispersion compensation can be implemented by multiplying the frequencydependent correcting phase directly to the real spectra eliminating the need for constructing complex component of the real spectra this enables the incorporation of dispersion compensation into the cs reconstruction by adding the correcting term to the modified nudft matrix with this new sensing matrix ascan with dispersion compensation can be reconstructed from undersampled nonlinear wavenumber spectral data by cs reconstruction experimental results show that proposed method can achieve high SQ imaging with dispersion compensation | MEDAL |
the organ or tissueprinting approach based on layered deposition of cellladen hydrogels is a new technique in regenerative medicine suitable to investigate whether mimicking the anatomical organization of cells matrix and bioactive molecules is necessary for obtaining or improving PET engineered tissues currently data on performance of multicellular printed constructs in vivo are limited in this study we illustrate the ability of the system to print intricate porous constructs containing two different cell typesendothelial progenitors and multipotent stromal cellsand show that these grafts retain heterogeneous cell organization T3 subcutaneous implantation in nude mice we demonstrate that cell differentiation leading to the expected tissue formation occurs at the site of the deposited progenitor cell type while perfused blood vessels are formed in the EC progenitor cellladen part of the constructs bone formation is taking place in the multipotent stromal cellladen part of the printed grafts | MEDAL |
chemotherapyinduced OM is a common adverse event in breast CA patients breakdown of the mucosal barrier predisposes the patient to bacterial fungal and viral superinfection especially candidiasis we demonstrated the frequency of chemotherapyinduced OM and oral candidiasis and the efficacy of antimycotic agents in breast CA patients we investigated patients with advanced and M1 breast cancer who underwent chemotherapy in our department from march to august the chemotherapy regimens were as follows fec epirubicinfucyclophosphamide followed by taxanes fec tc docetaxelcyclophosphamide doc docetaxel and cpts patients had blood and bacteria tests of the oral cavity at the time mucositis symptoms appeared we administered an antimycotic agent itraconazole and evaluated its effect on mucositis at the time mucositis PS appeared of patients had chemotherapyinduced OM and of the mucositis patients had oral candidiasis the incidence of mucositis increased when severe neutropenia occurred of mucositis patients were cured or improved by itraconazole in conclusion chemotherapy caused OC in of cases with oral mucositis and in about of breast cancer patients the antimycotic agent may be useful for chemotherapyinduced oral mucositis in breast CA patients | MEDAL |
CE and renal hemodynamics renal oxygenation renal uptake of gl lactate fats renal carnitine metabolism arterial atrial natriuretic factor anf and catecholamine PR were studied in sixteen AD beagle dogs during pentobarbital anesthesia renal cortical oxygen tension was recorded by means of a silastic tonometer twelve animals underwent acute circulatory shock induced by intravenous escherichia coli endotoxin mgkg four control dogs received normal saline the endotoxin infusion resulted in decreased cardiac function RBF and renal cortical po the renal venous po increased during the experiment arterial and renal venous glucose concentrations increased transiently during endotoxemia circulating lactate concentrations increased significantly whereas the arteriovenous lactate difference remained almost unchanged renal uptake of lactate and glucose were not influenced during the moderate renal hypoperfusion caused by endotoxin arterial free fatty acid ffa concentrations increased significantly hours after ON of the endotoxin infusion whereas renal venous ffa C2 remained rather stationary the renal uptake of ffa increased with increasing arterial ffa concentrations circulating free carnitine concentrations increased significantly in endotoxin shock blood acylcarnitine concentrations remained essentially unchanged carnitine concentrations declined significantly in endotoxic renal tissue the arterial concentrations of anf EN norepinephrine and the norepinephrine metabolite dihydroxyphenylglycol dhpg increased in plasma during early endotoxemia the levels of these hormones remained very low and constant in the controls to summarize endotoxin i.t. resulted in impaired renal perfusion and oxygenation increased uptake of free fatty acids and unchanged uptake of glucose lactate glycerol and triglycerides decreased renal carnitine concentrations were observed arterial plasma concentrations of anf and catecholamines increased in endotoxin shock | MEDAL |
ten fresh cadaveric elbows were used to evaluate the proximity of the radial nerve and its branches to three anterolateral portals a proximal AL portal used routinely at our institution and located cm PT and cm anterior to the lateral epicondyle was compared with the distal anterolateral portal described by andrews and with a midanterolateral portal the three portals were initially established without joint distention while the elbows were flexed degrees measurements were then obtained with and without joint distention at flexion angles of degrees and degrees the radial nerve was found to be an average distance of mm at extension and mm at degrees of flexion from the distal AL portal located cm distal and cm anterior to the lateral epicondyle conversely the distance between the PT AL portal cannula and the nerve was statistically greater p averaging mm in extension and mm in flexion the remaining anterolateral portal located cm directly anterior to the lateral epicondyle was found to be at a statistically greater average distance from the nerve than was the distal anterolateral portal but statistically closer than was the more proximal portal the ability to visualize the joint arthroscopically was assessed using the three portals and although the ulnohumeral joint could be adequately seen using all portals radiohumeral joint visualization was most complete and technically easiest using the most PT portalabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
voltagegated ca cav channels enable ca influx in response to membrane depolarization cav channels are localized to the presynaptic membrane of many types of SN where they are involved in triggering neurotransmitter release several signaling proteins have been identified as important cav regulators including protein kinases gproteins and ca IB proteins recently we discovered that leucine rich repeat kinase lrrk a protein associated with inherited parkinsons disease interacts with specific synaptic proteins and influences synaptic transmission since synaptic proteins functionally interact with cav channels and synaptic transmission is triggered by ca entry via cav we investigated whether lrrk could impact cav channel function cav channel properties were measured using whole cell patch clamp EP in hek cells transfected with cav subunits and various lrrk constructs our results demonstrate that both wild type wt lrrk and the gs lrrk mutant caused a significant increase in whole cell ca current density compared to cells expressing only the cav channel complex in addition lrrk expression caused a significant hyperpolarizing shift in voltagedependent activation while having no significant effect on inactivation properties these PET changes in cav activity are likely due to a direct action of lrrk as we detected a physical interaction between lrrk and the β cav channel subunit via coimmunoprecipitation furthermore effects on cav channel function are dependent on lrrk kinase activity as these could be reversed via treatment with a lrrk inhibitor interestingly lrrk also augmented endogenous Kv ca channel CF in pc cells suggesting other cav channels could also be regulated by lrrk overall our findings support a novel physiological role for lrrk in regulating cav CF that could have implications for how mutations in lrrk contribute to parkinsons disease pathophysiology | MEDAL |
in the PN subventricular zone svz neuroblasts migrate in chains along the lateral IVT towards the olfactory bulb ampakainate receptors as well as metabotropic glu receptors AT1 mglur are expressed in svz cells however the cells expressing these receptors and the function of these receptors remain unexplored we thus examined whether svz neuroblasts express mglur and capermeable kainate receptors in mouse slices doublecortin dcximmunopositive cells ie NBs immunostained positive for mglur and glukcontaining kainate receptors rtpcr from approximately gfpfluorescent cell aspirates obtained in acute slices from transgenic mice expressing green fluorescent protein gfp under the dcx promoter showed mglur and gluk receptor mrna in svz neuroblasts patchclamp data suggest that approximately of NBs express functional glukcontaining receptors activation of mglur and glukcontaining receptors induced ca increases in and of svz NBs respectively while most neuroblasts displayed gabaamediated ca responses to examine the effects of these receptors on the speed of neuroblast migration we developed a wholemount preparation of the entire lateral ventricle from PN day p dcxgfp mice the gabaa receptor gabaar antagonist bicuculline increased the speed of neuroblast migration by as previously reported in acute slices while the mglur antagonist mpep did not affect the speed of neuroblast migration the homomeric and heteromeric gluk IL-1ra ns and ub respectively increased the migration speed by these data show that although both gluk receptor and mglur activations increase ca in NBs only gluk receptors tonically reduce the speed of neuroblast migration along the lateral ventricle | MEDAL |
the purpose of the T0 was to examine the location of zuckermans sensation seeking ss construct in the des fos obtained by fermentation of SU may be purified at largescale by continuous chromatography simulated moving bed smb in order to improve the efficiency of the subsequent smb purification the optimization of the fermentative broth composition in salts and sugars was investigated fermentations conducted at reduced amount of salts using aureobasidium pullulans whole cells yielded ± g of fos per gram of initial sucrose additionally a microbial treatment was proposed to reduce the amount of small saccharides in the mixture two approaches were evaluated namely a coculture of a pullulans with saccharomyces cerevisiae and a twostep fermentation in which fos were first synthesized by a pullulans and then the small saccharides were metabolized by s cerevisiae assays were performed in ml shaken flasks and further scaledup to a l working volume bioreactor fermentations in twostep were found to be more efficient than the coculture ones fos were obtained with a purity of ± ww on a dry weight basis after the secondstep fermentation with s cerevisiae the sucrose amount was reduced from to in total sugars which suggests that fos from this culture BB will be more efficiently separated by smb | MEDAL |
the objective of this T0 was to differentiate the attention patterns associated with attention deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity using CPT cpt the diagnoses were based on the dsmiii iiir and iv criteria and of the children who participated in the T0 had attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity addh and had ADD without hyperactivity addwo while NC served as a control group attention patterns were examined according to the performance of subjects on the cpt and parental scores on the adhd rating scale the child attention profile and the conners rating scale cpt performances were assessed before and after administration of mg methylphenidate we found as hypothesized that the cpt differentiated between the addh and addwo CG however contrary to our expectations the addh children made more omission errors than the addwo children they also showed more hyperactivity and impulsivity the performance of both CG improved to an equal degree after the administration of methylphenidate it is concluded that different subtypes of the attention deficit disorders are characterized by different attention profiles and that methylphenidate improves scores on test of continuous performance | MEDAL |
surgical decompression by a portosystemic shunt in buddchiari syndrome depends on the caval state obstruction of the IVC ivc precludes such an operation due to the risk of reduced blood flow across the shunt and subsequent thrombosis similar risks are encountered in more complicated operations such as mesoatrial shunt we report a patient with BCS in whom one of the intrahepatic ivc by a hypertrophied Cd lobe of the liver precluded the construction of a standard portocaval shunt a twostep procedure with preoperative radiological stenting of the narrowed ivc followed by a portocaval shunt was successfully performed this is the fifth case reported in the literature of such an RPA | MEDAL |
the experience with the surgical treatment of complicated forms of mitral stenosis in patients with the iii and iv classes of the disease according to the classification of the NYHA was analyzed closed mitral commissurotomy was performed in patients opened commissurotomyin patients prosthetics of the mitral valve was made in patients closed mitral commissurotomy is believed to be the simplest method of correction of the duct in mild calcinosis and deformity of the mitral valve and fixed thrombosis of the left auricle opened mitral commissurotomy was justified in case of thrombosis of the left auricle and mild calcinosis and deformity of the valve substitution of the valve is indicated in cases of massive calcinosis and rough deformity of the valve and subvalvular structures when valvepreserving operations are impossible | MEDAL |
many of the effects of alphaohd and rohd on costochondral chondrocytes are mediated by the protein kinase c pkc signal transduction pathway alphaohd activates pkc in costochondral growth zone chondrocytes through a specific membrane receptor alphamvdr involving rapid increases in diacylglycerol via a phospholipase c plcdependent mechanism rohd activates pkc in resting zone chondrocytes although diacylglycerol is increased by rohd plc is not involved suggesting a phospholipase d plddependent mechanism here we show that RC and growth zone cells express mrnas for plda pldb and pld both cell types have pld activity but C2 are higher in RC cells rohd but not sohd or alphaohd stimulates pld activity in resting zone cells within min via nongenomic mechanisms neither alphaohd nor rohd affected pld in growth zone cells basal and rohdstimulated pld were inhibited by the pld inhibitors WM and eds inhibition of phosphatidylinositol kinase pi kinase pkc PI-PLC piplc and phosphatidylcholinespecific plc pcplc had no effect on pld activity thus rohd stimulates pld and pi kinase piplc and pkc are not involved whereas pld is required for stimulation of pkc by rohd pertussis toxin gdpbetas and gtpgammas had no effect on rohddependent pld when added to cell cultures indicating that gproteins are not involved these data show that pkc activation in RC cells is mediated by pld and suggest that a functional rohdmvdr is required the results also support the conclusion that the rohdresponsive pld is pld since this pld isoform is gproteinindependent | MEDAL |
to understand sparse systems we must account for both strong local atom bonds and weak nonlocal van der waals forces between atoms separated by empty space a fully nonlocal functional form phys rev b of densityfunctional theory dft is applied here to the layered systems graphite boron nitride and molybdenum sulfide to compute bond lengths binding energies and compressibilities these key examples show that the dft with the generalizedgradient approximation does not apply for calculating properties of sparse matter while use of the fully nonlocal version appears to be one way to proceed | MEDAL |
matrixassisted laser desorptionionizationmass spectrometry imaging maldimsi is a powerful technique for visualizing the CSD of a wide range of biomolecules within tissue sections however methodology for visualizing a bioactive ellagitannin has not yet been established this paper presents a novel in situ labelfree maldimsi technique for visualizing the CSD of strictinin a bioactive ellagitannin found in green tea within rat kidney after oral dosing among nine representative matrix candidates diaminonaphthalene dan harmane and ferulic acid showed higher sensitivity to strictinin spotted onto a maldi sample SP of these dan enables visualization of a twodimensional image of strictinin directly spotted on mouse kidney sections with the highest sensitivity furthermore danbased maldimsi could detect the unique distribution of orally dosed strictinin within kidney sections this in situ labelfree imaging technique will contribute to the localization analysis of strictinin and its biological mechanisms | MEDAL |
forty patients with psychogenic sensorimotor defects and patients with sensorimotor defects of organic nature were examined special clinical tests were employed together with the tracing of somatosensory evoked potentials the clinicophysiological patterns characteristic of the RH and lefthanded psychogenic sensorimotor disturbances were identified the studies contributed to the elaboration of differentialdiagnostic criteria | MEDAL |
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