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patients with cancerrelated anemia have an inadequate epo response that is further impaired by cancer treatments such as chemotherapy significant number of studies have demonstrated that treatment of anemia in cancer patients using recombinant human eporhuepo epoetin alfa significantly increases hemoglobinhb levelsreduces transfusion requirementsand improves SQ of lifeparticularly by relieving fatigue howeverthe findings of several studies have raised the possibility of an adverse effect of thromboembolism the american society of clinical oncology and the american society of hematology developed an evidencebased clinical practice guideline for the use of epoetin in patients with cancer in cancer patients the risk of bleeding depends not only on the platelet count but also on the underlying disease in accordance with coagulation defects the cause of TP must be established prior to platelet transfusion since PLT transfusions may be relatively contraindicated in certain conditions e g heparininduced thrombocytopeniahit and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpurahemolytic uremic syndromettphus | MEDAL |
the present study was conducted to examine the meiotic competence of canine oocytes embedded in collagen gel and to investigate the effects of timed SE of the oocytes embedded in collagen gel to gonadotrophins during maturation culture on their nuclear maturation cumulusoocyte complexes cocs were collected from bitches at the anoestrous and dioestrous stages of the reproductive cycle in the first experiment half of the cocs were embedded in collagen gels the cocs with or without collagengel embedding were cultured in a tcm medium supplemented with iuml human menopausal gonadotropin hmg and iuml human chorionic gonadotropin hcg for h in the second experiment the cocs embedded in collagen gels were cultured in tcm medium with gonadotrophins hmg and hcg for various periods and h and then cultured in the medium without gonadotrophins until reaching total culture period h the percentage of the oocytes reaching MI and metaphase ii mimii was significantly higher p in cocs with collagengel embedding than in cocs without collagengel embedding the percentage of oocytes that were arrested at the germinal vesicle stage was significantly lower p in oocytes cultured with gonadotrophins than in oocytes cultured without gonadotrophins however there were no significant differences in the percentages of oocytes that reached each stage of meiosis among the CG irrespective of the duration of SE to gonadotrophins these observations indicate that embedding of cocs by collagen gel enhances the meiotic competence of canine oocytes but removal of hormone supplement from maturation medium does not improve the ability of the oocytes to reach mii stage | MEDAL |
OD of human resources for eye health hreh is a L1 global eye health strategy to reduce the prevalence of avoidable visual impairment by the year building on our previous analysis of current progress towards key hreh indicators and cataract surgery rates csrs we predicted future indicator achievement among countries of SSA by | MEDAL |
to compare the effectiveness of tetracycline antibiotics versus control placebo or conventional treatment in rheumatoid arthritis ra for the reduction of disease activity as defined by ACR criteria | MEDAL |
this study includes a total of gravidae with a pregnancy between and weeks of gestation and the signs of threatened abortion contractions and bleeding the sonographic examination had shown in patients no gestational sac in the uterus in patients a deformed gestational sac in patients a fetus without signs of vitality in all these patients curettage was performed in gravidae a therapy seems to be successful in terms of bedrest and the administration of mcgmin hexoprenaline as a continuous infusion in only patients an abortion occurred before the end of the th week of gestation in gravidae pregnancy continued undisturbed | MEDAL |
the nucleotidebinding oligomerization domainlike receptor family pyrin domain containing nlrp inflammasome is a molecular platform that induces caspase activation and subsequent ilβ maturation and is implicated in inflammatory diseases however little is known about the negative regulation of nlrp inflammasome activation in this article we identified an e ligase ariadne homolog arih as a posttranslational negative regulator of nlrp inflammasome activity in macrophages arih interacted with nlrp via its nacht domain aa in the nlrp inflammasome complex in particular we found that while using mutants of arih and ubiquitin the really interesting new gene domain of arih was required for nlrp ubiquitination linked through k and k deletion of endogenous arih using crisprcas genome editing inhibited nlrp ubiquitination and promoted nlrp inflammasome activation resulting in apoptosisassociated specklike protein containing a caspase recruitment domain oligomerization proilβ processing and ilβ production conversely arih overexpression promoted nlrp ubiquitination and inhibited nlrp inflammasome activation our findings reveal a novel mechanism of ubiquitinationdependent negative regulation of the nlrp inflammasome by arih and highlight arih as a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases | MEDAL |
CAS is an infrequently recognized condition that causes prinzmetals angina and specific electrocardiographic changes a yearold man who suffered a spontaneously aborted acute inferior myocardial infarction is presented he underwent cardiac catheterization which initially showed a normal coronary i.a. the CAG was repeated shortly after a second presentation of acute coronary syndrome and ventricular fibrillation coronary spasm of very proximal RA PD was present which was reversed completely with intracoronary nitroglycerin the spasm segment was first stented subsequently an automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator was inserted because of the uncertainty of future spasm recurrence the patient was discharged with oral isosorbide dinitrate and AML in further followup the patient had two separate shocks within months of implantation VVI fibrillation was the trigger for the shock therapy in both occasions | MEDAL |
the effect of temperature on the kinetics of formation of fibrils from rat tail collagen molecules devoid of telopeptides was studied it was shown that the rats of fibril formation at and degrees c increases five and eightfold respectively as compared with that at degrees c it was found that enthalpy of fibril denaturation at degrees c is maximal for the collagen both with intact NTx and devoid of NTx it was found that essential for the fibrilogenesis of type i collagen devoid of NTx are temperatures of and degrees c | MEDAL |
a method to isolate and maintain microvascular EC cells from the cutaneous vessels of AD human skin in LT SC has been developed EC cells lining the microvessels of the PTC dermis are released from surrounding tissue during a brief trypsin incubation TR edta cells are plated onto a fibronectin ATP and maintained in leibovitz l SC medium containing PHS and antibiotics proliferation is dependent upon the presence of several additional growth AF cholera enterotoxin x m isobutyl methylxanthine x m and medium conditioned by explant SC of the mouse ehs sarcoma using this supplemented medium cells proliferate readily and can be cultivated serially for more than passages months in vitro these cells retain their characteristic EC cell morphology stain positively for factor viii antigen and contain weibelpalade HB | MEDAL |
electrophrenic QO2 rep is a technic specially reserved to the patients with a first motoneuron disease but having moreover normal PN diaphragm and lungs electrical pulse trains are applied to the phrenic nerve by a surgically implanted electrode they produce rhythmic inspiratory diaphragm contractions expiratory time is passive the SE is delivered by a transcutaneous RF external pacer before to decide to implant a rep device it should be wait for a sufficient time to avoid either a possible return to a spontaneous PLB or on the contrary a PN disease initially unrecognized after regularly repeated external PCD exams surgery must be done gently on a stabilised patient out of infection and if possible without intellectual trouble the training needs a long time many months since to become fatigueresistant a paced muscle must be TR progressively and durably in that way thor posterior ventricular surface resulted in similar pressor or depressor reflexes DMTU and deferoxamine abolished pressor or depressor responses evoked by ho in both vagotomized n and sympathectomized n cats we conclude that ROS species particularly the hydroxyl radical can participate in activating cardiac afferents responsible for reflex cardiovascular responses during MI and reperfusion an inhibitory reflex is transmitted through vagal afferents whereas an excitatory reflex is conducted by sympathetic cardiac afferents | MEDAL |
dexamethasone mesylate is a highly TPS synthetic glucocorticoid derivative that binds covalently to glucocorticoid receptors via sulfhydryl CG we have identified the amino acid that reacts with the dexamethasone mesylate by using enzymatic digestion and microsequencing for radiolabel nonactivated glucocorticoid receptors obtained from labeling IN wehi mouse thymoma cells with DEX mesylate were immunopurified and analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel PACE the purified approximately kda steroidbinding S1 was eluted from gel slices and subjected to enzymatic digestion TR digestion followed by RP highperformance liquid chromatography RP hplc produced a single DEX mesylate labeled peptide automated edman Kd of this peptide revealed that the hdexamethasone mesylate was located at position from the amino terminus dualisotope labeling studies with hdexamethasone mesylate and smethionine demonstrated that this peptide contained methionine staphylococcus aureus v protease digestion of hdexamethasone mesylate labeled steroidbinding subunits generated a different radiolabeled peptide containing label at position from the amino terminus on the basis of the published CAA CS of the mu glucocorticoid receptor our data clearly identify cysteine as the single residue in the steroidbinding domain that covalently binds dexamethasone mesylateabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
in exercising quadrupeds limb movement is often coupled with breathing frequency this finding has lead some investigators to conclude that locomotory forces associated with foot plant ABD visceral displacements or lumbosacral flexion are the primary determinants of airflow generation analysis of respiratory muscle electrical activation emg and contraction profiles in chronically instrumented dogs and horses along with measurements of esophageal pressure pes changes and limb movements provide evidence that each breath during the exercise hyperpnea is determined by respiratory NM events specifically phasic DIA emg and tidal shortening are always synchronous with decreases in pes decrements in pes are always associated with inspiratory flow generation and strict phase coupling between breathing and stride frequency is not obligatory thus although locomotoryassociated forces may minimally assist with flow generation they are not the primary determinants of PLB during exercise | MEDAL |
myelin was isolated from bovine brain by several published procedures and modifications of these procedures high activity of the myelin marker cyclic nucleotide phosphohydrolase and low activity of contaminants markers in VWM homogenates in respect to CBF cortex showed the WG matter to be better than the cerebral SC or the whole BB for myelin isolation a procedure is described for the preparation of purified myelin from bovine WG matter which yielded a content of protein myelin marker and nucleotidase in purified myelin higher than by any used method acetylcholinesterase or succinate dehydrogenase was lower than of its activity in the white matter TH and MA oxidase and nadphcytochrome c reductase were not recovered in myelin fraction morphologically myelin fraction was shown to mainly consist of multilamellar CM of different sizes sodium dodecyl sulphate PAGE of myelin fraction showed a characteristic protein pattern of myelin when our procedure was applied to frozen VWM lower protein and myelin marker and similar nucleotidase activity were recovered in myelin increasing its REC in denser fractions of WG matter | MEDAL |
to determine amniotic fluid concentrations and correlations of interleukin il intercellular adhesion molecule icam and leukocyte adhesion molecule lam in patients with and without intraamniotic infection | MEDAL |
twophoton imaging is a noninvasive imaging technique with increasing importance in the biological and medical fields since it allows intratissue cell imaging with high resolution we demonstrate the feasibility of using a single photon instrument to evaluate the cornea the crystalline lens and the retina based on their autofluorescence af image acquisition was performed using a custombuilt photon microscope for dimensional microscopy with a near infrared broadband sub femtosecond laser centered at nanometers signals were detected using a spectral photomultiplier tube the spectral ranges for the analysis of each tissuelayer af were determined based on the spectra of each tissue as well as of pure endogenous fluorophores the cornea lens and retina are characterized at multiple depths with subcellular resolution based on their morphology and af lifetime additionally the af lifetime of nadph was used to assess the metabolic activity of the cornea epithelium endothelium and keratocytes the feasibility to evaluate the metabolic activity of lens epithelial cells was also demonstrated which may be used to further investigate the pathogenesis of cataracts the results illustrate the potential of multimodal multiphoton imaging as a novel ophthalmologic technique as well as its potential as a diagnostic tool | MEDAL |
gnrh cells are first detected in the olfactory placode of the mouse on gestational day e between e and e they migrate across the nasal SP and by e attain their AD distribution within the forebrain in the present T0 we used immunocytochemistry at the light and electron microscopic level to T0 the PSA and morphological differentiation of gonadotropinreleasing hormone gnrh SN and the cellular associations that they make during this migratory process on e when the majority of gnrh cells are still in the nasal septum only of the population can process the prognrh precursor to the amidated decapeptide two days later e when most of the cells have T3 into the forebrain contain mature gnrh in keeping with these light microscopic observations ultrastructural analysis reveals that on e gnrh immunologic RP is confined to the outer NE and Rg endoplasmic reticulum by e these migratory cells in the nasal septum have more RP in the Rg endoplasmic reticulum and some of the golgi cisternae are also immunopositive neurosecretory granules some of which are immunoreactive also appear at this stage we had anticipated that the expression of gap would coincide with axonal elongation and pathfinding in gnrh neurons instead gap was expressed at the early migratory stage of gnrh cells and its expression declined rapidly T3 these neurons had entered the forebrain and commenced axonal outgrowth hence on e of gnrh cells in the nasal SP are immunopositive for gap while only of the forebrain population at the same embryonic stages express the protein similarly on e gap is expressed in of the nasal SP gnrh cells but only of cells in the e forebrain express this protein while in the nasal septum gnrh SN migrate only within the confines of the olfactory and vomeronasal axonal fascicles during this part of the migratory route the cells maintain close membrane apposition with each other and with the axons and ensheathing glia of the nerve fascicles once in the forebrain gnrh SN no longer maintain these associations nor do they follow any defined anatomical structure these findings indicate that although gnrh cells express their unique NPY early in their ontogeny their laboratory animals one of the most common tools used to evaluate lymphocyte function is the nonspecific mitogen proliferation CA assessment of this CF in the rat spleen has revealed profound suppression following restraint electric shock and reexposure of animals to a fearful context however there have been no studies that have compared the effects of stressor SE on mitogen and TPS antigenstimulated spleen cell proliferation therefore the present T0 addressed this issue through experiments in which rats were immunized intraperitoneally with microgram cholera toxin and exposed to acute one session or repeated three consecutive daily sessions FS the results showed that footshock exposure prior to immunization inhibited cholera toxin stimulated SP cell proliferation days T3 immunization acute or repeated FS exposure days after cholera toxin immunization depressed nonspecific spleen cell proliferation while augmenting the proliferative response to TPS antigen from these observations it can be hypothesized that FS exposure either differentially regulates lymphocyte activation by clonal and polyclonal signals andor naive and memory cells react differently to stressor exposure | MEDAL |
the goal of this work was to assess the helicobacter pylori prevalence in a rural mestizo population and compare it to an urban population from venezuela the study was performed in gastric juice samples of dyspeptic patients from caracas urban and from tucupita rural in the orinoco delta region helicobacter pylori was detected by amplification of s rrna glmm and urea genes in patients from urban and from rural populations caga was found positive in and urban and rural patients respectively nonh pylori helicobacter species were ND in the urban population but was found in of patients in the rural T0 site frequency values of the s rrna glmm and urea genes were higher in the rural population the odds ratio for each gene was for s rrna for glmm for urea and caga showing significant differences except for caga when gene frequency was compared in both populations these results demonstrate a higher frequency of h pylori and gastric nonh pylori helicobacter infection in a rural mestizo population with low hygienic standards as compared with city dwellers representing a potential risk for the development of gastroduodenal diseases | MEDAL |
ELISA CA elisa was used to determine the degree of serological specificity of two serotypes of broad bean stain virus bbsv and their relationship to red clover mottle virus rcmv optimal conditions for the differentiation by elisa of the two viruses and the two bbsv serotypes were established bbsv isolates from vicia sativa belonged to serotype i those from pea plants f kow to serotype ii and isolates from lens culinaris differed from these two serotypes elisa revealed no antigenic differences between rcmv isolates which showed the same degree of serological relationship to both bbsv serotypes | MEDAL |
betaadrenoreceptorcampdependent inotropic interventions lose their effectiveness depending on the degree of myocardial failure this blunted effect of betaadrenoreceptordependent stimulation might be due to a downregulation of betaadrenoreceptors and an increase of GABA gproteins leading to decreased intracellular campconcentrations however the maximal positive inotropic effect elicited by elevation of the extracellular ca does not differ between failing and nonfailing human myocardium indicating that terminally failing human myocardium is ERP to increase force of contraction to the same degree as NF tissue agents which increase force of contraction primarily via increasing the intracellular na eg cardiac glycosides and the nachannel activator bdf exert a higher potency in failing myocardium than in nonfailing tissue to increase force of contraction this could result from an enhanced protein expression of the nacaexchanger observed in diseased human hearts alterations in the intracellular cahomeostasis reported in failing myocardium eptides are released following ischaemia reperfusion and shock in the canine infrarenal aortic revascularization MM and therefore could contribute to remote V1 events observed with infrarenal aortic crossclamping | MEDAL |
hickman catheter site infections are known to increase transplantrelated mortality trm a retrospective analysis of patients who received allogeneic sct stem cell transplants was performed to define the incidence and outcomes of hickman infections seventysix patients received peripheral blood stem cells pbscs and patients nonmyeloablative conditioning during the median followup of months hickman infections were observed in patients at a median ON of days posttransplantation range days the causative organisms were identified in cases including staphylococcus species n and pseudomonas aeruginosa n six events were successfully resolved with antibiotic treatment whereas the other events required the removal of the hickman catheters with subsequent death in cases the survival duration for the hickman infection group was shorter than that for the hickman no infection group days vs days respectively p myeloid engraftment was delayed in the hickman infection group days vs days respectively p plus hickman infections were more frequent among bmt compared with pbsct group vs respectively p hickman infections were associated with trm especially during the first months posttransplantation as such the current results emphasize both the importance of hickman catheter care and the need for surveillance cultures after sct | MEDAL |
the reactive center of cinhibitor a plasma protease inhibitor that belongs to the serpin superfamily is located on a peptide loop which is highly susceptible to proteolytic cleavage with plasma kallikrein cs and betafactor xiia this cleavage occurs at the reactive site residue p arg with neutrophil PE it takes place near p probably at residue p val T3 these cleavages cinhibitor is inactivated and its conformation is modified moreover in vivo cleaved cinhibitor is removed from the blood stream more rapidly than the IN serpin which suggests that proteolysis unmasks CS responsible for cellular recognition and the uptake of the cleaved inhibitor in the T0 reported here we show using an mab that an MZ neoepitope is created on cinhibitor T3 the cleavage of its exposed loop by plasma kallikrein cs betafactor xiia and by neutrophil elastase | MEDAL |
transvaginal sonographically guided F2 aspiration under local anesthesia was performed on more than patients and compared favorably with the other techniques that have been proposed to retrieve oocytes for in vitro fertilization sonography employs a sector scanner placed on the abdomen and the needle is introduced through the posterior fornix of the vagina into the culdesac and the ovary in case of a high ovary a transvaginaltransvesical variation may be used the method is not painful and is easy to learn and perform the sole adverse incidents have involved inadvertent A-V puncture with no sequelae the number and SQ of recovered oocytes are good and five NC conceived T3 this method of retrieval were recently born the technique permits substantial simplification of egg recovery for in IVF which can now be performed in an outpatient setting without the risk and expense of LS and GA anesthesia or the discomfort of transabdominaltransvesical ultrasoundguided aspiration | MEDAL |
AS is one of the most powerful experiences to influence health and disease through epigenetic mechanisms AS may generate a footprint that propagates to subsequent generations NLP by prenatal stress or adverse experience in parents grandparents or earlier generations may thus be a critical determinant of lifetime health trajectories changes in regulation of micrornas mirnas by AS may enhance the vulnerability to certain pathogenic AF this review explores the hypothesis that mirnas represent stressresponsive elements in epigenetic regulation that are potentially heritable recent findings suggest that mirnas are key players linking adverse early environments or ancestral stress with disease risk thus they represent useful predictive disease biomarkers since mirna signatures of disease are potentially heritable big data management platforms will be vital to harness multigenerational information and capture succinct yet potent biomarkers capable of directing preventative treatments this feature would offer a unique window of opportunity to advance personalized medicine | MEDAL |
adsorption ceramsite skc was prepared with biochar bc derived from municipal sludge and kaolin kl based on the optimized processing parameters to adsorb ciprofloxacin cip in AQ solutions the cip adsorption mechanism of skc was investigated by adsorption kinetics and isotherm adsorption models combined with the analysis of microstructure pore structure phase composition and zeta potential furthermore the heavy metal leaching toxicity was assessed using the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure tclp method the results showed that skc with bc and kl calcining at â for min showed an outstanding RE of cip the pseudosecondorder equation agreed with the adsorption SMB and the freundlich model described the adsorption process well the adsorption process was a multilayer adsorption controlled by physical and chemical reactions the leaching concentration of heavy metals trapped by the mineral phases in skc was much lower than that in bc indicating low ecotoxicological risk skc possessed the ability to adsorb cip with its developed porosity and characteristic mineralogical phases including Si aluminum oxide and iron oxide this work provides a lowcost recyclable sorbing material to remove high concentration cip from wastewater and offers a new idea for the largescale safe use of bc | MEDAL |
probiotics have been shown to exert beneficial effects on modulation of diverse diseases however no information is available for the effect of probiotics in the induction of oral tolerance in autoimmune diseases the main purpose of this study was to elucidate whether LC l casei affect the induction of OT in exp rheumatoid arthritis ra type ii collagen cii alone or together with l casei was orally administered into collageninduced arthritis cia rats and its effects on the clinical and histopathological aspects of ra were investigated coadministration of l casei with cii more effectively suppressed clinical PS paw swelling lymphocyte infiltration and destruction of cartilage tissues of exp arthritis than the rats treated with cii alone the enhanced therapeutic tau was associated with an increase in antiinflammatory cytokines il and tgfbeta while decreasing proinflammatory cytokines ilbeta il il il il ifngamma and tnfalpha coadministration of l casei with cii more effectively suppressed ciireactive t cell proliferation and the C2 of thtype igg isotypes igga and iggb while upregulating foxp expression levels and the population of foxp cd TA our study provides evidence that l casei could potentiate antigenspecific oral tolerance and suppress thtype immune responses of arthritic inflammation | MEDAL |
anterior C2 ACF accf to c accfc for multilevel lesions is a challenging procedure that is indicated for massive ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament opll extending to c or stenosis at the upper C2 region accompanied by kyphosis however there is little information on the effectiveness of and complications related to accfc the purpose of this T0 was to investigate the overall surgical results and postoperative complications of accfc for cervical myelopathy | MEDAL |
the ornsteinuhlenbeck process with a constant forcing CF has often been used as a model for the subthreshold membrane potential of a neuron the mean variance and coefficient of R2 of the first passage time to a constant threshold are examined for this model in the limit of small synaptic noise and low thresholds a comparison is made between the asymptotic results of wan tuckwell who used perturbation analysis and several computationally simpler approximation methods a generalization of steins method gives an overestimate of the mean interval while an approximation by a wiener process with linear drift gives an underestimate of the mean interval these bounds are simple to calculate and can be used as a prelude to a more detailed perturbation analysis | MEDAL |
advanced CCA of the ovary is a histologic type with an extremely poor prognosis no reports have been published concerning useful drugs for salvage chemotherapy for this type of cancer we performed salvage therapy with gemcitabine in a patient with multipledrug resistant unresectable recurrent clear cell adenocarcinoma of the ovary and succeeded in stabilizing recurrent lesions and controlling carcinomatous peritonitis | MEDAL |
oxidative AS is involved in the pathogenesis of AIS antioxidants are consumed in the reaction with free radicals generated during the oxidative AS the aim of the study was the to evaluate the oxidative stress in patients with AIS MDA mda plasma glutathione plasma glutathione peroxidase gpx catalase cat uric acid bilirubin plasma superoxide dismutase sod red blood cells superoxide dismutase rbs sod spectrophotometric CA total antioxidant capacity tac enhanced CL ceruloplasmin creactive protein crp albumin transferrin nephelometric CA were performed in patients mean age years with acute ischemic stroke within hours and at days after stroke ON as compared to ageand sexmatched controls significantly lower values in the first hours were plasma glutathione cat plasma sod rbs sod p plasma gpx tac transferrin p significantly higher values in the first hours were crp p mda UA p significantly lower values at days were tac albumin transferrin p plasma glutathione plasma sod cat p significantly higher values at days were mda plasma gpx rbc sod crp UA bilirubin p ceruloplasmin p these results indicate that oxidative stress is increased and that the majority of antioxidants are reduced this suggests the possibility of therapeutic MI with antioxidant agents | MEDAL |
our objective was to describe the outcomes for extracorporeal life support ecls use in AD respiratory failure because of SA and to determine whether ecls use in status asthmaticus is associated with greater survival than other indications for ecls this retrospective cohort T0 used the multicenter international ecls organization registry the study population included adults with respiratory failure requiring ecls status asthmaticus was the primary indication for ecls in patients a total of of asthmatics survived to hospital discharge compared with of nonasthmatics n odds ratio or favoring survival for asthmatics confidence interval ci p the survival advantage for asthmatics remained significant T3 adjustment for potential confounders complications were noted in of asthmatics in conclusion we found that status asthmaticus as an indication for ecls in adult respiratory failure seemed to be associated with greater survival than other indications for ecls however complications are common and whether ecls confers a survival advantage compared with other salvage treatment options remains unknown more detailed information and CR reporting of ecls use for status asthmaticus are needed to determine whether and when the potentially lifesaving intervention of ecls should be initiated in the asthmatic failing conventional therapy | MEDAL |
our previous T0 revealed that cardiopulmonary resuscitation cpr was performed in of terminally ill patients who died in a tertiarycare UH in northern thailand advance directives ads are needed to ensure that lifesustaining therapies are used more appropriately to investigate inpatients attitudes regarding ads for cpr and the impact of providing prognostic information on treatment preferences for cpr we interviewed a randomly selected group of ambulatory medical inpatients in multiplhat impair treatment tau | MEDAL |
the term depersonalization has been vaguely used in clinical contexts and there is confusion over its nosological positioning although the syndrome has been assigned a niche of its own in the european psychiatric taxonomy the americans diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders dsmiii iv labeled it under the term dissociative disorder the latter which does not agree with the CP theory of janet seems to have no basis on traditional psychopathology and is not derived from any dissociative theories in this paper the descriptive characteristics of depersonalization are discussed with regard to the features of observing self and the relationship between experiences and selves according to which the authors distinguish two types of depersonalization an excessiveselfreflecting type and an absorbedinexperience type whereas the former coinsides with the typical depersonalization neurosis in which excessive selfreflection plays an important role in reducing the sense of reality in the latter overabsorption in some situations leads the patient to construct a wall to block out reality we suggest that in making a distinction between these two types the psychopathology of depersonalization will be better clarified | MEDAL |
although encystation or cyst formation is an important step of the life cycle of giardia the cellular events that trigger encystation are poorly understood because membrane microdomains are involved in inducing growth and differentiation in many eukaryotes we wondered if these raftlike domains are assembled by this parasite and participate in the encystation process since the gm ganglioside is a L1 constituent of rat lipid rafts lrs and known to react with CTB ctxb we used alexa fluorconjugated ctxb and gm antibodies to detect giardial lrs raftlike structures in trophozoites are located in the PMs and on the periphery of ventral discs in cysts however they are localized in the CM bstudies addressing questions of a more recent time scale in the era of whole nuclear genome sequencing mitochondrial genomes are continuing to be informative as a unique tool for the assessment of femalespecific aspects of the demographic PH of human populations | MEDAL |
rat thioredoxin reductase tr contains a rare selenocysteine sec residue in a conserved redoxactive tetrapeptide of sequence glycyssecgly the high chemical reactivity of the sec residue is thought to confer broad substrate specificity to the enzyme in addition to utilizing thioredoxin trx as a ATP other substrates are protein disulfide isomerase glutaredoxin glutathione peroxidase nklysingranulysin hiv tat protein ho lipid hydroperoxides vitamin k ubiquinone juglone ninhydrin alloxan dehydroascorbate dtnb lipoic acidlipoamide snitrosoglutathione selenodiglutathione selenite methylseleninate and selenocystine here we show that the cys mutant enzyme or the NT reaction center CT can reduce secontaining substrates selenocystine and selenite with only slightly less activity than the wildtype enzyme in stark contrast to when trx is used as the ATP when the enzyme suffers a fold reduction in kcat our data support the use of alternative mechanistic pathways for the secontaining substrates that bypass a critical ringforming step when trx is the substrate we also show that lipoic acid can be reduced through a secindependent mechanism that involves the nterminal reaction center these results show that the broad ATP specificity of the mammalian enzyme is not due to the presence of the rare sec residue but is due to the catalytic SP of the nterminal reaction center we hypothesize that the nterminal reaction center can reduce substrates i with good leaving CG such as dtnb ii that are highly electrophilic such as selenite or iii that are activated by CS such as lipoic acidlipoamide we also show that the absence of sec only changed the ic for aurothioglucose by a factor of in the fulllength mammalian enzyme nm but surprisingly the truncated enzyme showed much stronger inhibition nm this contrasts with auranofin where the absence of sec more strongly perturbed inhibition | MEDAL |
minimal invasive surgery has become an important part of surgical therapy of nonparasitic cysts of the CL at the moment there exist only a few but in all cases positive experiences with the laparoscopic unroofing of liver cysts until now we treated patients with nonparasitic liver cysts by means of this method in all cases we had no intra or postoperative complications and the average hospital stay was days in agreement with other authors we think that laparoscopic unroofing of nonparasitic liver cysts is a method with promising future the necessity of an intraoperative cholangiography in case of a bile leak respectively recurrence prophylaxis by means of an omentum L1 plastic will be decided by further clinical investigation | MEDAL |
between and patients with type i corporeal gastric ulcer were randomly allocated to undergo selective proximal vagotomy with ulcer excision or Bi with gastroduodenostomy sixteen patients underwent SPV was excluded from the followup since microscopic examination of the excised ulcer revealed an early gastric cancer and underwent partial gastrectomy no significant differences in the clinical results were found years T3 surgery during a median followup of years ulcer recurred in patients T3 SPV and in after Bi one patient in each group had recurrent ulcer without PS and received no treatment two selective PT vagotomy patients and three partial gastrectomy patients had epigastric pain with or without ulcer one patient with SPV underwent a second T0 because of epigastric pain and recurrent ulcer bowel habits remained unchanged in all but one patient in each group and mild or moderate dumping was recorded for two patients in each group very good or good results modified visick scale were recorded for of patients after SPV and for of patients T3 Bi except for one patient in each group who had moderate dumping patients classified as visick iii or iv had no symptoms during treatment with antacids or hblockers or had asymptomatic ulcers and needed no treatment SPV reduced the median acid response to insulin hypoglycemia and to pentagastrin by and respectively for at least to years and partial gastrectomy reduced the median acid response to PG by in our opinion SPV with ulcer excision is an alternative to Bi for surgically treating type i gastric ulcer | MEDAL |
laboratory tests can provide useful information about the presence and effects of hiv in the cns but have thus far not yielded definitive diagnostic or prognostic markers of hivrelated cognitive and motor complex the most clinically useful laboratory procedures are mr imaging and csf examinations the routine clinical use of mr imaging and csf examinations however is still restricted to providing information for detecting and excluding secondary effects of hiv infection mr imaging and ct do not appear to be CS enough at current resolutions to provide early detection of hiv cns effects nor to follow PD several csf variables are extremely promising as early markers of primary hiv infection of the brain and may provide preclinical indications for ON of treatment and for evaluation of treatment tau these include csf quinolinic acid C2 acid dissociated p antigen C2 neopterin or beta m intrathecal igg synthesis rate and possibly quantitated pcr C2 of hiv viral load procedures such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy spect pet computerized eeg ep and erps are all promising candidates for early detection or localization of hivrelated BB dysfunction but at this time all must still be considered primarily research tools before any of these procedures can provide reliable diagnostic and prognostic information about primary hiv neurologic disease currently ongoing longitudinal evaluations of large numbers of asymptomatic HIV+ individuals as they progress to neurologically symptomatic disease must be completed there is currently no laboratory marker in blood or csf that definitively predicts the risk for hivassociated cognitivemotor complex hivassociated cognitivemotor complex remains a clinical diagnosis which is made on the basis of positive neurologic signs and symptoms and abnormal neuropsychological findings T3 other causes of neurologic disease are excluded laboratory measures such as the electrophysiologic methods and some csf variables are likely to remain adjuncts to the diagnosis because with few exceptions they provide data that are nonspecific as to etiopathogenesis dynamic imaging EP methods and csf indices provide presumptive evidence for the presence of hivassociated cns damage and with clinical and neuropsychological evidence could be used to establish a new definition of primary hivassociated cns disease along the lines used in establishing a diagnosis of multiple sclerosisabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
the son of sevenless sos factors were originally discovered decades ago as specialized ras activators in signaling pathways controlling the process of r cell OD in the eye of drosophila melanogaster the known members of the mammalian sos family sos and sos code for ubiquitously expressed highly homologous overall proteins involved in coupling signals originated by cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases rtks to downstream rasdependent mitogenic signaling pathways mechanistically the sos proteins function as enzymatic AF interacting with ras proteins in response to upstream stimuli to promote guanine nucleotide exchange gdpgtp and subsequent formation of the active rasgtp complex in this review we summarize current knowledge on structural RII and functional aspects of the sos family focusing on specific aspects of sos biology such as structurefunction relationship crosstalk with different signaling pathways and in vivo functional significance as deduced from phenotypic characterization of sos knockout mice and human genetic syndromes caused by germline hsos mutations | MEDAL |
the number and proportion of adults diagnosed with hiv infection aged years and older has risen this T0 compares the effect of cd counts and ARV therapy art on mortality rates among adults diagnosed aged ⥠with thoselicobacter suis causes gastric lesions in pigs and humans this T0 aimed to evaluate the protective tau of immunization with combinations of the h suis urease S1 b ureb and γglutamyl transpeptidase ggt both recombinantly expressed in escherichia coli rureb and rggt respectively mice were intranasally immunized with rureb rggt or a combination of both proteins po simultaneously or sequentially control CG consisted of nonimmunized and nonchallenged mice negative controls shamimmunized and h suischallenged mice shamimmunized controls and finally h suis wholecell lysateimmunized and h suis challenged mice cholera toxin was used as mucosal adjuvant all immunizations induced a significant reduction of gastric h suis colonization which was least pronounced in the groups immunized with rggt and rureb only consecutive immunization with rggt followed by rureb and immunization with the bivalent vaccine improved the PE compared to immunization with single proteins with a CR clearance of infection observed in of the animals immunization with wholecell lysate induced a similar reduction of gastric bacterial colonization compared to rggt and rureb in combinations gastric lesions however were less pronounced in mice immunized with combinations of rureb and rggt compared to mice immunized with wholecell lysate in conclusion vaccination with a combination of rggt and rureb protected mice against a subsequent h suis infection and was not associated with severe postvaccination gastric inflammation indicating that it may be a promising method for control of h suis infections | MEDAL |
a continuous lysing and resealing procedure with erythrocytes permitted incorporation in these cells of inositol hexaphosphate insp a strong allosteric effector of hb this leads to significant rightward shifts of the hbo dissociation curves with in vitro p partial pressure of o at hb saturation values increasing from torr for control erythrocytes to torr ph pco torr at degrees c torr x pa the shape of the dissociation curve was still sigmoidal although the hill coefficient was decreased the life span of insploaded erythrocytes equaled that of control erythrocytes the LT physiological effects of the insploaded erythrocytes on piglets were increased o release and reduced cardiac output the reduced o affinity of the insploaded erythrocytes was still effective days after transfusion in awake piglets the electrolyte concentration appeared stable over the day observation period except for a transient but significant hyperkalemia immediately after transfusion the reductions in the o affinity of hb reported here are C1 compared with previously reported values introduction of insp into viable erythrocytes improves tissue oxygenation when for any reason normal blood flow is impaired | MEDAL |
although the betaadrenergic agent dobutamine is used clinically to provide inotropic support to the failing myocardium it could jeopardize the myocardium by depleting energy reserves this investigation delineated the contractile and energetic effects of low versus high dobutamine doses in the hypoperfused RA VVI rv myocardium the right PD rca of anesthetized dogs was cannulated for controlled perfusion with arterial blood and regional rv contractile function was measured rca perfusion pressure was lowered from mmhg baseline to mmhg and flow fell by at min hypoperfusion dobutamine was infused into the rca at either lowdose dobutamine or microgram kg min highdose dobutamine for min regional SP SS x isometric DF x heart rate stabilized at of baseline during hypoperfusion LDD restored power to baseline but did not increase rv myocardial o consumption mvo and thus increased myocardial o utilization efficiency ouepowermvo at min highdose dobutamine enhancement of SP was similar to that of lowdose dobutamine but by min SP and oue fell to untreated levels remarkably LDD tripled cytosolic phosphorylation potential in contrast highdose dobutamine lowered phosphorylation potential to of the UT value analyses of gl uptake and glycolytic intermediates revealed sustained enhancement of glycolysis by LDD but glycolysis became limited at glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase during highdose dobutamine treatment in summary lowdose dobutamine improved mechanical performance and efficiency of the hypoperfused rv myocardium while increasing myocardial SE reserves but highdose dobutamine failed to sustain improved CF and depleted energy reserves dobutamine is capable of improving both contractile CF and cellular energetics in the hypoperfused rv myocardium but dosage should be carefully selected | MEDAL |
we have previously reported that gnrh induces rhythmic hyperpolarizations in male rat to dayold gonadotropes by periodically opening apaminsensitive caactivated k channels using the whole cell recording technique we now show that these gonadotropes identified with the reverse hemolytic PI assay express tetrodotoxinsensitive na channels and omegaconotoxininsensitive high voltageactivated ca channels that are partially sensitive to dihydropyridines we found no low voltageactivated ca channels in these cells at the normal resting potential about of the na channels and of the ICa are inactivated the gnrhinduced hyperpolarizations transiently remove the resting inactivation of na and ICa enabling them to initiate action potentials at the termination of each hyperpolarization opening of na channels accounts for the high rate of rise and the positive peak of the action potential in addition a significant fraction of ca channels should be G1 during the action potentials allowing a voltagegated entry of extracellular ca that can enhance the frequency and amplitude of gnrhinduced intracellular ca oscillations therefore we envision the following role for action potentials in gnrhstimulated ca responses action potentials will open voltagegated ICa that allow entry of extracellular ca which can help to replenish the intracellular ca store and act as a coactivator in the stimulation of intracellular ca PR from the inositol trisphosphatesensitive store | MEDAL |
the susceptibility status of colorado potato beetle leptinotarsa decemlineata say adults to phosalone was determined by dip and glass jar CA techniques bioassay results indicated a narrow R2 in CPB insecticide susceptibility among sample sites lc values were generally highest from specimens collected in field that received frequent phosalone applications for seven consecutive growing seasons in five populations tested lc values ranged from to ppm in dip test method in glass jar technique resistance ratio value of for lc was obtained a significant linear relationship between lc values of individual populations across test methods was detected both bioassay techniques were suitable for monitoring resistance to insecticide in colorado potato beetle adult populations glass jar technique however exhibited less variability in lc estimates and showed a higher degree of sensitivity than the dip method filter paper and leaf disk techniques for larvae were two bioassay methods used to determine phosalone susceptibility in l decemlineata populations both bioassay techniques exhibited a similar level of susceptibility of the larvae to phosalone however the fiducial limit values from filter paper method were narrow than the leaf disk CA technique a significant direct relationship between lc values of individual population across test methods was observed differences in lc ranking among fields between adults and larvae indicated a differential susceptibility to insecticide between life stages low lc values obtained from colorado potato beetle in sample sites indicated that phosalone resistance was not severe in these fields the glass jar and filter paper testing methods are simple and sensitive test techniques for measuring susceptibility of colorado potato beetle adults and larvae to phosalone respectively | MEDAL |
to determine the performance of novice readers th year medical students for detecting capsule endoscopy findings | MEDAL |
human t cell hybridoma he that produces macrophage activating AF for cytotoxicity mafc was prepared by somatic F0 of phytohemagglutininactivated IP blood lymphocytes with emetineactinomycin dtreated cloned human acute lymphocytic CEM cem the MICs of the following were assayed macrophageactivating factor for cytotoxicity of monocytes mafc day MAF for cytotoxicity of monocytederived macrophages mafc day MAF for cytotoxicity of mu macrophages mafcm macrophageactivating factor for gl consumption mafg macrophageactivating factor for o formation mafo the SC supernatant of he showed mafc daymafc day mafcm and mafg MICs the mafcm activity was considerably enhanced by the addition of murine recombinant interferon gamma rifngamma the mafc day activity in the he sup was not decreased by heat treatment c min by ph treatment or by the addition of monoclonal antihuman Th1 antibody or polymyxin b these data suggest that mafc in he sup is distinct from human ifngamma or lipopolysaccharide lps | MEDAL |
the potency of live viral vaccines decreases over time we compared the immunogenicity and safety of gsk measlesmumpsrubella vaccine mmrrit formulations at two different potencies with that of the commerciallyavailable mmr ii formulation | MEDAL |
VE growth factor vegf one of the most important angiogenic factors plays an essential role in both physiological and pathological angiogenesis the vegf receptor kdrflk a KDR mediates various biological MICs of vegf related to proliferation differentiation and migration of endothelial cells here we present a novel peptide designated khtmyyhhyqhhl which was isolated from a phagedisplayed peptide library binding to kdr with high affinity and specificity by interfering with the vegfkdr interaction the peptide k inhibited proliferation of cultured primary HUVE cells induced by recombinant human vegf in a dosedependent and cell typespecific manner the peptide also exerted an antiangiogenesis activity in vivo as revealed using the CAM angiogenesis assay moreover the peptide k significantly inhibited the growth of ST implanted beneath the breasts and their metastases to lungs in severe combined immunodeficient mice taken together these findings suggest that the peptide k can functionally disrupt the interaction between vegf and the kdr receptor and cause potent biological effects that include the inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor growth as a consequence this peptide and its future derivatives may have use as a potential cancer therapy | MEDAL |
the CSD of dna within the nucleolus of ehrlich tumor cells has been investigated by means of a recent immunocytochemical RPA involving an electron microscopic detection of incorporated bromodeoxyuridine budr into dna by an antibudr monoclonal antibody an immunogold method has been performed on ultrathin sections of cells embedded in lowicryl km in the nucleolus gold particles are essentially found over the perinucleolar chromatin adn over its intranucleolar invaginations which are connected with the fibrillar centers in addition a few gold particles are also observed in the FCs preferentially toward their IP regions in contrast the dense fibrillar component is completely devoid of labeling the results are discussed in the context of other recent findings concerning the PET organization of the nucleolus | MEDAL |
the risk of mortality is high in burn patients and correlates with age burn area extent and sepsis immunosuppression has been reported to occur T3 severe burn cytotoxic cells possess specialized granules containing PFP and a group of serine PRs granzymes granzyme a is a serine protease constitutively expressed by gammadelta and nk cells in PA with their functional cytolytic potential in vitro studies have shown that gra may be released extracellularly during cytotoxic cell degranulation indicating the activation of cytotoxic cells the aim of our study was to determine plasma gra activity in burned patients and to verify if decreased gra C2 were associated with poor prognosis specific gra activity was tested in the plasma of burned and healthy subjects by esterase assay plasma gra was significantly decreased in septic rather than in nonseptic burn patients and in HS p and p respectively at day plasma gra was significantly lower in nonsurvivor than in survivor septic patients p the value of mod showed a sensitivity of and a specificity of in differentiating survivor from nonsurvivor septic patients because this is a retrospective study granzyme a is not a confirmed predictor of septic outcome after burn but its determination could give useful information about the OD and severity of sepsis | MEDAL |
a yearold woman presented with a very rare hemangiopericytoma in the body of the lateral ventriclemagnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a homogeneously enhancing mass lesion occupying the BL medial portions of the body of the lateral IVT CBF angiography disclosed a vascularrich RT fed mainly by the LL posterior choroidal i.a. T3 devascularization of the feeding vessel by endovascular coiling the patient underwent complete surgical excision of the RT via an anterior transcallosal approach followed by radiation therapy and has thus far been diseasefree for years the present patient represents the first reported case of HP arising in the body of the lateral ventricle in this location of hemangiopericytoma preoperative embolization could provide a promising option in terms of reducing the intraoperative blood loss and achieving total tumor extirpation with minimum damage to the surrounding structures since preoperative ID of hemangiopericytomas confers therapeutic advantagesit is important to be aware that they can occur at unusual ventricular CS | MEDAL |
lungtumor cells from pleural effusion of four refractory patients and in cell lines established from them were analyzed for anthracycline PR cytotoxicity and mdr gene and pglycoprotein expression mu leukemic p and doxorubicinresistant pr lines were used as controls the growthinhibitory concentration ic for doxorubicin among lungtumor lines varied from to microm in soft agar heterogeneity in doxorubicin or daunorubicin retention and response to the effluxblocking action of microm prochlorperazine was noted in pleural effusion of fccl and among the cell lines established an effluxblocking effect in a subpopulation was noticed only in fccl and although the mdr gene was present in all cell lines including p its expression was pronounced only in pr and fccl in situ hybridization of AS rna probe to tumor cells showed high heterogeneity for mdr message in the human lungtumor cells as compared with the murine cells RNA and slot blot hybridization confirmed in situ hybridization in lines with high C2 of mdr expression the synthesis of mdr mrna and pglycoprotein in RT lines was correlated the results suggest that because of exts in extrahepatic tissues we developed a liquid chromatographicmass spectrometric lcms method suitable for tracing the disposition of c isotopomers of ltryptophan and lkynurenine in various cultured cell tissue slice and whole animal model systems used to investigate tryptophan flux through the KP the method employs extractive derivatization of the analytes and their h internal standards with PFB bromide in order to enhance the negative ion chemical ionization nici MS response normalphase liquid chromatographic separation of derivatized analytes was optimized using a Si column with organic solvents followed by particle beam transfer and nicims standard curves were linear over the range ng per sample PB and mass spectrometric operating parameters were optimized with direct flow injections of methylamino anthraquinone which is an ideal test compound for the DUE of lcnicims the developed method was used to quantify the conversion of cltryptophan to clkynurenine by THP-1 thp stimulated with interferongamma lung and BB tissue slices obtained from gerbils immunestimulated with pokeweed mitogen the effect of whole body immune stimulation on the plasma C2 of endogenous lkynurenine in mice stimulated with interferongamma was also quantified | MEDAL |
we report here that mouse EFs mef express a functional pdgfbeta receptorsp receptor complex the sp receptor is constitutively AS and functions to enhance pdgfstimulated migration of mef this was based on three pieces of evidence firstly the SPR and pdgfbeta receptor are coimmunoprecipitated from cell lysates using antipdgfbeta receptor antibody these findings suggest that the receptors form a complex in mef secondly inverse agonism of the sp receptor with sb to eliminate the constitutive activity of the SPR reduced the pdgfinduced activation of pp mapk in mef thirdly sb inhibited the migration of mef in response to the selective sp receptor agonist sew or pdgf in contrast sp inhibited pdgfstimulated mef migration possibly mediated by the GABA sp receptor these findings resolve an important issue regarding the PET role of the sp receptor in regulating mef migration and suggest an important role within the context of pdgfbeta receptorsp receptor complex signaling | MEDAL |
we compared the ability of blood and crystalloid CP to protect the myocardium during prolonged arrest twelve dogs underwent minutes of continuous arrest group i six dogs received ml of blood CPS KCl meql initially and every minutes group ii six dogs received an MZ amount of crystalloid cardioplegic solution potassium chloride meq methylprednisolone gm and dextrose in water mll of electrolyte solution temperature was degrees c and ph in both groups studies of myocardial biochemistry physiology and ultrastructure were completed before arrest and T2 T3 normothermic reperfusion biopsy specimens for determination of adenosine triphosphate were obtained before during and after the arrest interval regional myocardial blood flow total coronary blood flow and myocardial oxygen consumption were statistically unchanged in group i p greater than total coronary blood flow rose in group ii p less than and left ventricular endocardialepicardial flow ratio fell significantly in this group from to p less than mean standard error of the mean the rise in myocardial oxygen consumption was not significant in this group p greater than VF and compliance were statistically unchanged in both groups in group ii adenosine triphosphate fell p less than after T2 of reperfusion it was unchanged in GI ultrastructural appearance in both groups correlated with these changes we conclude that blood cardioplegia offers several distinct advantages over crystalloid cardioplegia during prolonged arrest | MEDAL |
bacteriophage t codes for a dnanadenine methyltransferase dam which recognizes primarily the CS gatc in both cytosine and hydroxymethylcytosinecontaining dna hypermethylating mutants damh exhibit a EC50 in sequence specificity that is they are readily able to methylate noncanonical CS we have determined that the damh mutation produces a single amino acid NC pro to ser in a region of homology iii shared by three dnaadenine methyltransferases viz t dam escherichia coli dam and the dpnii modification enzyme of streptococcus pneumoniae we also describe another mutant damc which methylates gatc in cytosinecontaining dna but not in hydroxymethylcytosinecontaining dna this mutation also alters a single amino acid phe to val these results implicate homology region iii as a domain involved in dna CS recognition the effect of several different amino acids at residue was examined by creating a polypeptide chain terminating codon at that position and comparing the methylation capability of partially purified enzymes produced in the presence of various suppressors no enzyme activity is detected when phenylalanine glutamic acid or histidine is inserted at position however insertion of alanine cysteine or glycine at residue produces enzymatic activity similar to damh | MEDAL |
this paper describes how members of the department of FM of the university of ottawa developed lists of problems and procedures common and important in family practice in canada and on the basis of these lists drew up guidelines for content in the year residency program for family medicine a computerized data retrieval system is used to monitor every residents practiby myelomeningocele in traumatic paraplegia in spastic quadriplegia in S3 agenesis in and spinal cord disease in management included indwelling urethral catheterization in children urinary diversion in IC in an artificial sphincter in and undiversion in no single treatment was completely effective or without significant complications | MEDAL |
the bacterial trnalysspecific prrcanticodon nuclease efficiently cleaved an anticodon stemloop asl oligoribonucleotide containing the NK modified bases suggesting this region harbors the specificity determinants assays of asl analogs indicated that the threonylcarbamoyl adenosine modification ta enhances the reactivity the side chain of the modified wobble base methylaminomethylthiouridine mnmsu has a wd for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck survival rates are further decreased in patients with nodal metastases that have spread beyond the lymph node capsule or extracapsular spread ecs to the authors knowledge this is the first report on the impact of ecs in a C1 series of patients treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue sccot at a single institution using surgery as the primary treatment modality | MEDAL |
prosody is defined as the melodic L1 of language in this study we included patients with probable alzheimers disease and with multiinfarct dementia for a comparative crosssectional T0 of prosody NP analysis was based on minimental test blessed scale and clinical PSD rating we used the criteria of monradkrohn to evaluate prosodic categories we found intrinsic aprosody in patients with alzheimers disease and in none of the patients with MID prevalence ratio ci and emotional aprosody in patients with alzheimers disease in comparison to with multiinfarct dementia prevalence ratio ci the differences in intellectual and inarticulate aprosody were not significant we conclude that aprosody is more frequent and severe in alzheimers disease than in multiinfarct PSD | MEDAL |
inhibition of acetylcholine esterase ache activity is a biomarker for the exposure to neurotoxic compounds such as organophosphates and is intimately associated with the toxicity of several pesticides in the present study the ache inhibiting potential of organic extracts of production water produced water from oil and gas production platforms in the norwegian sector of the north sea was determined in an in vitro bioassay based on commercially available purified ache from the electric organ of electrophorus electricus l the results from the studies show that produced water contains a combination of ache inhibiting EDC and compounds stimulating ache enzymatic activity the ache inhibition was predominantly caused by unidentified aromatic compounds in the oilparticulate fraction of produced water whereas polar compounds in both the water soluble and oilparticulate fraction of produced water caused an apparent stimulation of ache activity ATP saturation studies with fixed concentrations of produced water extracts confirmed that the inhibition occurred in a nondestructive and competitive manner the concentrations of ache inhibitors ng paraoxonequivalents lâ»Â¹ μg dichlorvosequivalents lâ»Â¹ were in many cases found to be several orders of magnitude higher than BG C2 the findings demonstrate that produced water contains potentially neurotoxic EDC and suggest that further laboratory studies with fish or field studies in the vicinity of oil production facilities are highly warranted | MEDAL |
to evaluate the diagnostic importance of thallium myocardial perfusion singlephoton emission computed tomography spect in the recognition of coronary restenoses and stenoses de novo of varying sites after endovascular treatment of PD disease cad | MEDAL |
soluble antigen of phr cells saphr was identified in indirect double immunodiffusion enhanced with tannic acid using serum of a nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient containing hightiter antibodies to epsteinbarr virus ebv antigens saphr was nonidentical to soluble antigen of raji cells human and baboon sera containing antibodies to all the known antigen of ebv and hvp respectively were antisahrpositive human and baboon sera containing antibodies to all the known antigens of ebv and HHV-8 papio hvp were also antisaphrnegative prevalence of antisaphr was very high in two groups of the highlymphoma incidence stock of hamadryas baboons of the sukhumi monkey colony of and of of clinically lymphomatous and clinical normal monkeys respectively were antisaphrpositive only of normal baboons studied living in the forest and having no contacts with the baboons in the main stock of the sukhumi monkey colony was antisaphrpositive | MEDAL |
cytokines play a critical role in orchestrating and perpetuating inflammation in asthmatic airways and several TPS cytokine and chemokine inhibitors are now in OD for the treatment of asthma inhibition of il with soluble IL-2R has shown promising early results in asthma antiil antibody is very effective at inhibiting IP blood and airway eosinophils but does not appear to be effective in symptomatic asthma GABA cytokines such as il interferons and il are less promising because SVR delivery produces intolerable SE inhibition of TNF may be useful in severe asthma many chemokines are involved in the inflammatory response of asthma and smallmolecule inhibitors of chemokine receptors are in development ccr antagonists are now in clinical development for the treatment of asthma because so many cytokines are involved in asthma drugs that inhibit the synthesis of multiple cytokines may prove to be more useful several such classes of drug are now in clinical OD and the risk of SE with these nonspecific inhibitors may be reduced by the inhaled route of delivery | MEDAL |
casensitive adenylyl cyclases acs depend on capacitative ca entry cce for their regulation residence of the endogenous cainhibitable aca of B6 glioma cells in cholesterolenriched caveolae is essential for its regulation by cce fagan k a smith k e and cooper d m f j biol chem in the present study we established that depletion of cellular cholesterol ablated the regulation by cce of a castimulable aca ac heterologously expressed l samples of HI p protein has been studied by flow cytometry using three monoclonal antibodies specific for epitopes on nterminus bp do and CE region do of p protein our findigs showed that p expression may contribute to phenotype of leukemic cells and that overexpression of this protein is often associated with progression of disease all samples of early ball patients and samples of patients with immunophenotypically defined t cell disorders examined at diagnosis of disease were p positive eleven of patient samples from aml at diagnosis showed also increased expression of p protein the cells of all patients who responded to therapy with CR immunophenotypically defined remission were p negative relapsed t b all and aml develop p alteration we reported positive p expression in cells of patients with advanced stages of cll in comparison to them with initial stage of disease at examination as well as in the group of b cell lymphomas only samples of patients with generalized fcc lymphoma at diagnosis were p positive we detected p positive cells in immunologically defined myeloid blast crisis of cml opposite to p N1 in CP of disease the finding of p positive bm cells without immunophenotypic blast markers in two of followed cases documented the contributing value of p PCD in their characterization on the basis of above findings we conclude that cytofluorometric determination of p expression may contribute to the better definition of leukemic phenotype loss of the normal p function may be important in the genesis of some leukemias elucidation of the mechanisms of p inactivation needs some more T0 | MEDAL |
over a year period all patients referred for barium enema examination had a DCE and FS performed on the same day a total of joint examinations were performed abnormalities were found in patients by the use of BE patients by using sigmoidoscopy and by the use of both methods of investigation sigmoidoscopy was superior to BE in the PCD of polyps and inflammatory bowel disease but BE was more sensitive for DD the presenting symptoms had no predictive value in distinguishing carcinoma polyps and DD DD did not reduce the sensitivity of BE examination to polyps in the sigmoid colon fibreoptic sigmoidoscopy immediately before barium enema was well tolerated by patients the investigations were complementary in the diagnosis of Tc polyps inflammatory bowel disease and diverticular disease | MEDAL |
published norms for infant sleepwake patterns during the first years of life include an increase in length of maximum sleep bout from four to five to eight to ten hours by months but little decrease in TS in hours from to hours thirtytwo breastfed infants were followed for years and data collected on hour patterns of nursing and sleep infants who were BF into the second year did not develop sleepwake patterns in conformance with the norms instead of having long unbroken night sleep they continued to sleep in short bouts with frequent wakings their total sleep in hours was less than that of weaned infants this pattern was most pronounced in infants who both nursed and shared a bed with the mother common practices in many nonwestern cultures the sleepwake OD accepted as the physiologic norm may be attributable to the early weaning and separated sleeping practiced in western culture as prolonged BF becomes more popular in our society the norms of sleepwake patterns in infancy will have to be revised | MEDAL |
nonpremedicated asa class i or ii patients were allocated randomly into two groups and received either a VL infusion of propofol or midazolam for sedation during orthopaedic surgery with regional blockade to achieve a wellsedated patient with eyes closed and able to follow commands the dose requirements for propofol were mgkg as a loading dose followed by a mean infusion rate of mg kg h and for midazolam mgkg and mg kg h steadystate PC of propofol averaged microgramskg and of midazolam ngml REC was significantly shorter for propofol versus min for midazolam perioperative cooperation was similar in both groups providing good or excellent conditions in with propofol and in with midazolam h after discontinuation of the infusion of the propofol patients were alert while of the midazolam were sleeping again cardiovascular effects of both drugs were minimal however significant respiratory depression andor AO developed in both groups propofol midazolam requiring therapeutic intervention additional undesirable effects were severe cough propofol midazolam inadvertent movements propofol midazolam confusion propofol midazolam euphoria propofol pain on injection propofol the results of the T0 indicate that both drugs are useful and controllable sedative agents for surgery under regional anaesthesia provided that measures for continuous monitoring of respiration and emergency care are guaranteed | MEDAL |
within the BB stem the NTS nts serves as a principal central site for sensory afferent integration from the cardiovascular and respiratory reflexes neuronal activity and synaptic transmission in the nts are highly pliable and subject to neuromodulation in the CE NS hydrogen sulfide hâs is a gasotransmitter generated primarily by the enzyme cystathionineβsynthase cbs we sought to determine the role of hâs and its generation by cbs in nts excitability realtime rtpcr immunoblot and immunohistochemistry analysis identified the presence of cbs in the nts patchclamp EP in BS slices examined excitatory postsynaptic currents epscs and membrane properties in monosynaptically driven nts neurons confocal imaging of labeled afferent synaptic terminals in nts slices monitored intracellular calcium exogenous hâs significantly increased the amplitude of evoked solitary tract tsepscs frequency of miniature mepscs and presynaptic terminal calcium fluorescence in the nts hâs did not alter action potential discharge or postsynaptic properties on the other hand the cbs inhibitor aminooxyacetate aoa significantly reduced the amplitude of tsepscs and presynaptic terminal calcium fluorescence in the nts without altering postsynaptic properties taken together these data support a presynaptic role for endogenous hâs in modulation of excitatory neurotransmission in the nts | MEDAL |
exerciseinduced ventricular tachycardia vt rarely occurs in the absence of organic heart disease idiopathic monomorphic vt has an excellent prognosis the main aspect of the risk stratification process is recognizing subtle forms of organic heart disease particularly arrhythmogenic RA VVI cardiomyopathy exerciseinduced polymorphic vt is potentially malignant exerciseinduced polymorphic vt has also been seen in MVP some patients with SD coronary disease and even healthy athletes sometimes have short bursts of polymorphic vt during exercise tests but these arrhythmias are usually not reproducible during repeated testing and have unknown longterm clinical significance | MEDAL |
trunk neural crest nc cells differentiate to neurons melanocytes and glia in nc cultures cyclic amp camp induces melanocyte differentiation while suppressing the neuronal sympathoadrenal lineage depending on the signal intensity melanocyte differentiation requires activation of creb and campdependent protein kinase a pka but the role of pka is not understood we have demonstrated in nc cultures campinduced transcription of the microphthalmiaassociated transcription factor gene mitf and the re silencing transcription factor gene rest both wntregulated genes in nc cultures and zebrafish knockdown of the corepressor of wntmediated transcription cterminal IB protein ctbp but not ctbp derepressed mitf and rest expression and enhanced melanocyte differentiation camp in nc and b melanoma cells decreased ctbp protein levels while inhibition of pka or proteasome rescued ctbp Kd interestingly knockdown of homeodomaininteracting protein kinase hipk a ctbp stability modulator increased ctbp C2 suppressed expression of mitf rest and melanocyte differentiation and increased neuronal gene expression and sympathoadrenal lineage differentiation we conclude that camppka via hipk promotes ctbp degradation leading to mitf and rest expression mitf induces melanocyte specification and rest suppresses neuronspecific mRNA and the sympathoadrenal lineage our studies identify a novel role for rest in nc cell differentiation and suggest cross talk between camp and wnt signaling in nc lineage specification | MEDAL |
organophosphate insecticides have been directly or indirectly implicated in avian populations declining worldwide birds in agricultural environments are commonly exposed to these insecticides mainly through ingestion of invertebrates T3 insecticide application despite insecticide SE in birds occurring mostly by ingestion the impact of OPs on the avian digestive system has been poorly researched in this work we used the japanese quail coturnix japonica as an avian model to T0 shortterm microbial community responses to a single dose of trichlorfon at low concentration in three sample origins of the gastrointestinal tract git caecum C1 intestine and faeces using nextgeneration sequencing of s rrna gene amplicons as bacterial markers the study showed that ingestion of insecticide caused significant changes in the git microbiome specifically microbiota composition and diversity differed between treated and UT quail insecticideassociated responses in the caecum showed differences between sexes which did not occur with the other sample types in caecal microbiota only treated females showed significant shifts in a number of genera within the lachnospiraceae and the enterobacteriaceae families the L1 responses in the C1 intestine were a significant reduction in the genus lactobacillus and increases in abundance of a number of proteobacteria genera all microbial shifts in faeces occurred in phylotypes that were represented at low relative abundances in GA changes in microbiota possibly resulted from contrasting responses towards the insecticide either positive eg biodegrading bacteria or negative eg insecticidesusceptible bacteria this study demonstrates the significant impact that OPs have on the avian gut microbiota showing that a single small dose of trichlorfon caused dysbiosis in the git of the japanese quail further research is necessary to understand the implications on birds health especially in females | MEDAL |
the leaves of vernonia nigritiana oliv hiern asteraceae were investigated for their in vivo topical antiinflammatory properties following a bioassayoriented fractionation approach petroleum ether chloroform and CM extracts inhibited the croton oilinduced ear dermatitis in mice the CF extract was only about half as active as the non steroidal antiinflammatory drug indomethacin id and μgcm respectively phytochemical investigation of this extract led to the isolation of nine polyhydroxylated stigmasterol glycosides and six polyhydroxylated stigmasterols their structures were elucidated by nmr ms and chemical methods each compound exerted a significant antioedema activity the most AS being βoβdglucopyranosyloxyαstigmastaztrieneββtetrol and βoβdglucopyranosyloxyαstigmastaztrieneββtriol only two and five fold less potent than the steroidal drug hydrocortisoondorder ATP removal models based on calculations monod model modified stoverkincannon MM and the grau secondorder model proved to be more AGA to describe the nitrogen removal kinetics of the reactor than firstorder MM with high determination coefficients of and respectively according to the modified stoverkincannon MM the maximal substrate removal rate rm and saturation rate constant kb were suggested as and g nld respectively in addition in CS of the monod model the saturation concentration ks and the maximal specific ATP removal rate constant rm were determined to be gl and g ng mlvssd respectively moreover MM evaluation was carried out by assessing the linear rho between measured and predicted values both kinetics T0 and MM evaluation showed that monod model modified stoverkincannon MM and the grau secondorder substrate removal models could be used to describe the kinetic behavior or design of the marine anammox reactor | MEDAL |
relative percent changes in fatty acid fa composition of HR mitochondria and microsomes from daywarmacclimated and coldacclimated rats were determined by gas chromatography rats in both environmental groups received thyroxine t mgkg per day or propylthiouracil ptu mgrat per day for days prior to sacrifice mitochondrial total unsaturated fatty acids tufa decreased in CA rats relative to warmacclimated controls but not in CA animals receiving ptu in mitochondria of the ttreated warmacclimated group the relative content of linoleate decreased and that of stearate increased heart microsomes from warmacclimated rats receiving t showed C1 increases in the percentage content of palmitate and stearate accompanied by reductions in linoleate and AA in coldacclimated control rats the relative content of stearate was elevated in both membrane fractions the results suggested that thyroid hormones may decrease the tufa composition of HR subcellular membranes by a relative increase in percent stearic acid and decrease in percent LA similar fa changes in these CM in CA may be related to the action of thyroid hormones | MEDAL |
we compared the acute hemodynamic effects of captopril and nitrates in patients with severe congestive HF and grade iv cardiac disability pressures were measured using a swanganz catheter system cardiac output and stroke index were measured by thermodilution and leftventricular lv volumes and ejection fraction were calculated simultaneously with the hemodynamic measurements from radionuclide ventriculography measurements were made in each of treatment states control SL isosorbide dinitrate isdn and mg oral captopril mg daily and during combined therapy with captopril and isdn captopril produced a fall in mean arterial pressure p from to mm hg and a rise in stroke index from to minm p while lv ejection fraction increased from to p isdn reduced mean arterial pulmonary arterial rightatrial and wedge pressure the combination of captopril and isdn produced a greater fall in MAP pressure a further rise in ejection fraction to p a fall in SVR p and pulmonary V1 resistance p and a rise in cardiac p and stroke work index p while the beneficial effects of isdn on rightatrial pulmonary arterial and wedge pressure were again achieved lv contractility assessed from endsystolic stressshortening relations was essentially unaltered or decreased very slightly the study showed that combined therapy with captopril and nitrates produced acute hemodynamic benefits superior to those achieved by treatment with captopril or nitrates alone | MEDAL |
there has been a rapid rise in the emergence of multidrugresistant pathogens in the past to yr and some bacteria are now resistant to most antimicrobial agents antibiotic use is very restricted on swiss organic dairy farms and a purely prophylactic use such as for dry cow mastitis prevention is forbidden a low prevalence of antibiotic resistance in organic farms can be expected compared with conventional farms because the bacteria are infrequently or not exposed to antibiotics the occurrence of antibiotic resistance was compared between mastitis pathogens staphylococcus aureus nonaureus staphylococci streptococcus dysgalactiae streptococcus uberis from farms with organic and conventional dairy production clear differences in the percentage of antibiotic resistance were mainly speciesrelated but did not differ significantly between isolates from cows kept on organic and conventional farms except for streptococcus uberis which exhibited significantly more single resistances compared with no resistance when isolated from cows kept on organic farms isolates than on conventional farms isolates different percentages were found albeit not statistically significant in resistance to ceftiofur erythromycin CLI enrofloxacin chloramphenicol penicillin oxacillin gentamicin tetracycline and quinupristindalfopristin but importantly none of the strains was resistant to amoxicillinclavulanic acid or vancomycin multidrug resistance was rarely encountered the frequency of antibiotic resistance in organic farms in which the use of antibiotics must be very restricted was not different from conventional farms and was contrary to expectation the antibiotic resistance status needs to be monitored in organic farms as well as conventional farms and production AF related to the absence of reduced antibiotic resistance in organic farms need to be evaluated | MEDAL |
differential diagnosis of neonatal RD includes pulmonary and systemic disorders and anatomic problems compromising respiratory system we report on a g female born to a yearold gravida para woman after weeks of gestation antenatal ultrasound performed in week and was normal the infant was delivered by cesarean section T3 amniotic CM had been ruptured for less than hours due to signs of fetal distress the apgar score was and at and minutes respectively the infant was intubated and resuscitated and transferred immediately to the NIC unit she had an extremely protuberant and cyanotic abdomen dilated cutaneous collateral vessels were apparent in the periumbilical region ABD sonography showed cystic multiloculated tumorous mass filled with dense flocculent content at the level of hepatic portal the tumorous mass occupied the majority of the abdomen with caudal extension toward the pelvis and dorsally toward the spine the CL was displaced high under the diaphragm with the left CL lobe in the left hemiabdomen on xray the lung were collapsed due to a C1 abdominal mass in the RA hemiabdomen that displaced the right diaphragm and intestines contralaterally she soon developed BL pneumothoraces drainage and continuous suction were started the infant failed to improve despite all attempts and died on autopsy an extremely C1 mobile multichambered solitary cyst was found it was attached to the mesenteric side of the ileum by its own thin peduncular stalk and had no communication with the remainder of the gut it occupied the majority of the abdomen histologic section revealed a welldeveloped smooth muscle wall and inner mucosa of SB type respiratory distress is a common problem in premature infants the majority of cases are due to pulmonary disorders e g hyaline TMD MAS pneumonia HT metabolic acidosis anemia and congenital heart disease anatomic problems including space occupying lesions are less common duplications of the alimentary tract in infants and children are rare congenital anomalies although symptoms can occur at any age they usually present during the first year in our patient intraabdominal mass caused severe respiratory distress and respiratory failure in the first hours of postnatal life this had been seen before only as a complication of intrathoracic lesions extending into the abdominal cavity pathology revealed spherical intestinal duplication that was completely separated from the alimentary tract embryologically it was a localized duplication RD in our patient was refractory to all means of mechanical ventilation poor lung compliance was the consequence of prenatal lung hypoplasia and inadequate postnatal lung expansion due to the duplication cyst space occupying character and its compressive effect prenatal diagnosis was the childs only chance for survival but it was not made duplications of the alimentary tract can present a diagnostic challenge even in the first hours of life they should be included in the differential diagnosis of severe RD especially in premature infants in which timely prenatal diagnosis cannot be always made we propose their inclusion among other space occupying lesions that might be the cause of severe RD even in the earliest neonatal period | MEDAL |
nuclear pet mutants of saccharomyces cerevisiae deficient in mitochondrial respiration have been studied genetically and biochemically seven noncomplementing mutations leading to a deficiency of mitochondrial cytochrome b have been assigned to a single complementation group group examination of mitochondrial rna by blot hybridization on diazobenzyloxymethylpaper has revealed that group mutants produce a large number of novel apocytochrome b transcripts not detected in wildtype yeast the product of the gene affected in the mutants therefore appears to be required either for correct transcription or for processing of apocytochrome b premessenger rna the gene has been designated cbp a representative mutant from complementation group n has been transformed to respiratory competency with a recombinant plasmid pool consisting of random fragments of wildtype yeast nuclear dna inserted into a vector capable of replicating in yeast and escherichia coli the complementation of the n mutation has been shown for a number of independent transformants to be due to the presence of plasmid dna the plasmid pgt was further characterized to have a nuclear dna insert of kilobase pairs this plasmid complements the mutations of all group mutants thus confirming that it contains the cbp gene | MEDAL |
OC is a condition involving defective EC ossification and PR of cartilage in subchondral bone the pathophysiology of this condition is poorly characterized but it has been proposed that the fundamental defect is failure of chondrocyte hypertrophy the aim of the current study was to characterize phenotypic changes in chondrocytes associated with the initiation of OC early lesions were induced in an equine MM of OC by feeding foals a high energy diet for or weeks lesions in articularepiphyseal growth cartilage were examined histologically and by QPCR analysis of expression of a number of genes representative of pathways that regulate chondrocyte behavior during EC ossification there were more cells present in clusters in the lesions compared to normal articular cartilage expression of matrix metalloproteinase type i collagen type x collagen and runx mrna was significantly greater in the lesions compared to normal cartilage from the same joint expression of VE growth factor type ii collagen connective tissue growth factor aggrecan sox and FB growth factor receptor mrna was not significantly different in lesions than in control cartilage these observations suggest that osteochondrosis does not result from failure of chondrocytes to undergo hypertrophy | MEDAL |
chromosome p allele loss is frequent in ovarian and testicular tumours the von hippellindau vhlim of this study was to assess the interobserver and interequipment variabilities of echodoppler sonographic measurement of SMAF parameters in the first part of the study the echodoppler US parameters maximum systolic velocity minimum diastolic velocity mean velocity restrictive index and pulsatility index were measured independently in nine patients by four skilled operators using four different equipment models in the second part of the T0 measurements were taken by the four operators in seven different patients after one day of cooperative training the purpose of this part was to define a strict and uniform protocol of doppler sonographic examination significantly different values of maximum systolic velocity minimum diastolic velocity mean velocity and pulsatility index were obtained by the different operators whereas the interequipment variability was significant only for maximum systolic velocity mean velocity and pulsatility index the analysis of the components of variance showed that a large part of this variance was nonsystematic after training and definition of the protocol no significant differences were found among the operators for any of the parameters and the confidence limits and coefficients of variation showed a decrease as for maximum systolic velocity mean velocity and pulsatility index this T0 demonstrates that a significant systematic variability exists among mesenteric doppler measurements obtained by different operators using different commercially available equipment cooperative training can reduce the interobserver R2 significantly and bring to an acceptable level the reproducibility of doppler measurements of superior mesenteric artery flow parameters | MEDAL |
hepatic stellate cells hsc are the principal fibrogenic cell type in the liver progress in understanding the cellular and molecular basis for the development and progression of liver fibrosis could be possible by the OD of methods to isolate hsc from rodents and human liver growth of stellate cells on plastic led to a phenotypic response known as activation which paralleled closely the response of these cells to injury in vivo actually much of the current knowledge of stellate cell behaviour has been gained through primary culture studies particularly from rats also different laboratories that have established hepatic stellate cell lines from rats and humans have provided a stable and unlimited source of cells that express specific functions making them suitable for culturebased studies of hepatic fibrosis from these in vitro models grew a C1 body of information characterizing stellate cell activation cytokine signalling intracellular pathways regulating liver fibrogenesis production of EM proteins and OD of antifibrotic drugs | MEDAL |
adenosine receptors that modulate adenylate cyclase activity have been identified recently in a number of tissues adenosine a receptor is stimulatory to adenylate cyclase whereas adenosine a receptor is inhibitory to adenylate cyclase we investigated the effect of adenosine and its analogs on caminopyrine accumulation by rabbit parietal cells rabbit gastric mucosal cells were isolated by enzyme digestion parietal cells were enriched by nonlinear percoll gradients caminopyrine accumulation was used as an indicator of acid secretion the effect of chloroadenosine on histaminestimulated caminopyrine accumulation was studied the effects of nethylcarboxamideadenosine chloroadenosine stable analogs of adenosine and adenosine on caminopyrine accumulation were assessed cAMP content of parietal cells was determined by radioimmunoassay histamine and carbachol known secretagogues stimulated caminopyrine accumulation chloroadenosine did not suppress histaminestimulated caminopyrine accumulation chloroadenosine NECA and adenosine dose dependently increased caminopyrine accumulation the order of potency was NECA greater than chloroadenosine greater than adenosine phenyltheophylline and theophylline adenosinereceptor antagonists or cimetidine did not have significant effects on the increase of ap uptake induced by chloroadenosine coadministration of dipyridamole and adenosine uptake inhibitor augmented the effect of adenosine on caminopyrine accumulation chloroadenosine nethylcarboxamideadenosine and adenosine each induced a significant increase in cellular cAMP we conclude that there may be adenosine a receptors on rabbit parietal cells which modulate gastric acid secretion | MEDAL |
liposomal drugs are a useful alternative to conventional drugs and hold great promise for targeted delivery in the treatment of many diseases most of the liposomal drugs on the market or under PCTs include cholesterol as a membrane stabilizing agent here we used liposomal cap an antivascular drug to demonstrate that cholesterol content can actually modulate the release and cytclinical pharmacology a way to overcome this limitation is the use of several animal models here we describe the implementation of cystometry in mice and rats a technique that allows measuring the intravesical pressure in conditions of controlled bladder perfusion after LAP a catheter is implanted in the bladder dome and tunneled subcutaneously to the interscapular region then the bladder can be filled at a controlled rate while the urethra is left free for micturition during the repetitive cycles of filling and voiding IVP can be measured via the implanted catheter as such the pressure changes can be quantified and analyzed moreover simultaneous measurement of the voided volume allows distinguishing voiding contractions from nonvoiding contractions importantly due to the differences in micturition control between rodents and humans cystometric measurements in these animals have only limited translational value nevertheless they are quite instrumental in the study of bladder pathophysiology and pharmacology in experimental preclinical settings recent research using this technique has revealed the key role of novel molecular players in the mechano and chemosensory properties of the bladder | MEDAL |
treatment with dnadamaging agents promotes rescue of vdj recombination limited thymocyte differentiation and development of thymic lymphomas in severecombined nude scid mice one intriguing aspect of this system is that irradiation rescues rearrangements at the Ti tcr beta gamma and delta loci but not at the tcr alpha locus current models posit that only those loci that are recombinationally AS at the time of irradiation can be rescued here we employ sensitive semiquantitative ligationmediated polymerase chain reaction assays to detect a TPS class of recombination intermediates hairpin coding ends at the tcr alpha locus we found that j alphacoding ends are undetectable in unirradiated scid thymocytes but accumulate T3 irradiation at times coincident with the emergence of a cd cd thymocyte population coding joints produced by joining of these ends however are extremely rare to test whether the presence of hairpin coding ends at tcr alpha is sufficient for irradiationmediated rescue of coding joint formation we po a second dose of gammairradiation T3 abundant cd cd thymocytes and hairpin tcr alpha coding ends had accumulated this treatment failed to stimulate rescue of tcr alpha coding joints thus the presence of hairpin coding ends at the time of irradiation while perhaps necessary is not sufficient for rescue of vdj rearrangements these results support a refined model for irradiationmediated rescue of tcr rearrangements in scid mice | MEDAL |
we herein report a case of apicoaortic bypass aab in a year old patient presenting with structural valve deterioration who had undergone an AV replacement with a mm bioprosthetic valve and aortocoronary ac bypass grafting years prior to the aab considering the small diameter of the aortic annulus the existence of a previous ac bypass and the high risk of reoperation we selected implanting an aab the postoperative course was uneventful the postoperative haemodynamics were evaluated using phasecontrast cine magnetic resonance imaging it demonstrated that of VVI outflow was directed through the valved conduit it showed that no obvious stagnation of the blood flow occurred during the entire cardiac cycle | MEDAL |
we report a detailed INS study of the collective magnetic excitations of overdoped superconducting lasrcuo for the energy range mev our measurements show that overdoping suppresses the strong response present for optimally doped laxsrxcuo which is peaked near mev the remaining response is peaked at incommensurate wave vectors for all energies investigated we observe a strong highfrequency magnetic response for e approximately mev suggesting that significant antiferromagnetic exchange couplings persist well into the overdoped part of the cuprate phase diagram | MEDAL |
we performed an exploratory recursive partitioning analysis rpa in M1 cancer patients who had completed a functional assessment of cancer therapygeneral factg and a memorial symptom assessment scaleshort form msassf to define survival prognostic groups the cox MM analysis also was performed both rpa and cox models included KPS kps age factg subscales and msassf subscales as survival predictors of patients patients had expired at time of analysis the median age was years with median length of survival of days the rpa identified four distinct survival CG p with three variables kps physical wellbeing and physical symptom distress the most significant split was kps of followed by physical wellbeing score of and PCS symptom distress score of the median survival time was days for patients with kps days for patients with kps or and physical wellbeing days for patients with kps physical wellbeing or and PCS symptom distress score and days for patients with kps or physical wellbeing or and physical symptom distress score or the cox MM found in addition to kps p and PCS wellbeing p different predictors psychological symptom distress p global distress index p and age p we concluded that the kps quality of life and symptom distress scores can be combined to define prognostic CG such models may be helpful for clinical decision making | MEDAL |
prophylactic administration of skf n ndimethyldipropylazaspirodecanepropanamine dihydrochloride at mgkgday inhibited hindpaw lesions in adjuvant arthritic aa rats following inhibition and inhibition days of treatment in a therapeutic protocol where dosing was initiated on day T3 disease induction skf mgkgday effectively halted disease progression and the inflammatory lesion was suppressed by following treatment for days histological DUE of the joint periarticular soft tissue bone and articulation joint space and joint surface from therapeutically treated rats showed a clear beneficial effect most rats presented moderate lesions rather than the severe lesions seen in the aa animals aa control rats and aa rats treated prophylactically or therapeutically with skf had significant and similar increases in their total WG blood cell wbc neutrophil mo and platelet counts although increases were seen in the absolute number of neutrophils and platelets there were no differences in the levels of leukotriene b ltb and hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid hht per cell when these cells were stimulated with the calcium ionophore a these results describing the beneficial effects of skf po therapeutically to the aa rat indicate that this compound possesses properties desirable of an antiarthritic agent and may potentially modify the disease outcome | MEDAL |
a molecular MM was created consisting of leucine enkephalin a pentapeptide protein near a Ge dioxide geo surface surrounded by water molecules a molecular dynamic md simulation of the system was conducted and forces exerted by the water on both the surface and the protein were calculated orientational and spatial distribution functions of the water were calculated and were examined to determine if structured water existed and how it contributed to the intermolecular forces results from the study demonstrated that there is a strong spatial and orientational structuring of water near the geo surface and that it is dependent on the proximity of the protein to the surface only minimal structuring occurred near the protein a linear correlation was observed between the force of water on the protein and the angular distribution of water molecules in the region with the highest spatial density when the protein is oriented with its polar side toward the geo surface the water structure near the protein disrupts the typical structure of the water near the surface causing a force that pushes the protein away from the surface when the protein is oriented with its nonpolar side toward the surface there is only minimal disruption of the typical water structure and the resulting net forces between surface and protein are attractive | MEDAL |
acute myeloid leukaemias aml evolving from a MDS syndrome mds or secondary to chemoradiotherapy frequently display unfavorable biologic characteristics this may explain the lower remission rate obtained with CC recently the association of fludarabine with intermediate dose arac has produced interesting results particularly in high risk aml patients here we report on sAML patients treated with a combination of fludarabine intermediate dose arac gcsf with or without an antracycline flang flagida or flag overall CRs cr were documented in patients and PRs pr in while patients proved resistant six patients died early the presence of a prognostically unfavorable karyotype had a negative impact on the cr rate compared to for patients with an intermediate prognosis karyotype p patients treated with flag flang and flagida had similar cr rates at the time of this analysis T3 a mean followup of months the mean duration of cr is months range and the mean survival is months range the median time to granulocyte recovery neutrophils x l was days range and x l platelets were reached at a median of days range taken together these fludarabine containing regimens proved to be an effective and tolerable treatment for patients with secondary aml patients above years of age may also benefit from this therapy however the problem of treating patients with adverse chromosomal abnormalities still remains unresolved | MEDAL |
contamination of aquatic environments as a consequence of metal mining is an international issue most historic studies have considered the impact of acid mine drainage ph on instream communities and comparatively little attention has been given to sites where drainage is typically circumneutral ph here the impacts of historic mining activities on the benthic macroinvertebrate community of a circumneutral river in CE wales are assessed biotic and diversity indices widely used for biomonitoring purposes indicate aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblages within the afon twymyn to be in a good condition despite severe metal contamination of bed sediments and river water however canonical correspondence analysis identifies differences in community structure between mining impacted and unimpacted reaches of the river associated with chalcophile zn pb cu cd and common fe and mn metals stream ph was not a significant factor structuring the macroinvertebrate community widely utilised macroinvertebrate indices failed to identify impacts at the community level because they either seek to identify impacts of a specific contaminant or are dependent on a model community response to a given AS the nature of metal mine discharges is temporally complex having highly variable chemical signatures and as a result care is advised when interpreting and modelling community impacts the use of standard macroinvertebrate biotic and diversity indices in the context of the eu water framework directive could lead to erroneous classifications of aquatic ecosystem health when used for biomonitoring rivers affected by neutral mine drainage where other indicators are unavailable | MEDAL |
thickened uterine endometrium with abnormal uterine one highly suggests endometrial PH or endometrial carcinoma a case of yearold nulliparous woman came to our department with endometrial mass manifesting as EC transrectal ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging mri showed an x cm multicystic illdefined mass compacted at the uterine endometrium the AW of the uterus and x cm heterogenous mass at the left adnexa the edometrial mass showed multiple septations with enhancement and lowsignal intensity on tweighted images T3 endometrial biopsy was done and simple hyperplasia without atypia was observed at the histopathologic finding the patient underwent robotassisted LS and diagnosed as adenomyoma at the frozen pathology T3 adenomyomectomy permanent pathologic analysis revealed the same result and she recovered without any complications and responded well to gonadotropinreleasing hormone gnrh agonist therapy | MEDAL |
this is a case report of a child born with severe type iv lumbosacral agenesis at age years she had surgical reconstruction of her absent spine and thoracicpelvic instability with harrington rods and AB obtained from simultaneous BL knee disarticulations this arthrodesis healed solidly and at the age of years months and again at age years months she underwent spine lengthening by osteotomy and distraction instrumentation the first time with moe rods and the second time with cotreldubousset rods both lengthening osteotomies healed without difficulty the spine lengthening achieved was cm | MEDAL |
we conducted a phase ii singleinstitution trial in a homogenous patient population with advanced nonsmallcell LC to determine whether changing the carboplatin schedule in the carboplatingemcitabine doublet would enhance tolerability andor results thirty patients with stage iiib with malignant effusion or stage iv disease received gemcitabine mgm days and plus carboplatin at an area under the curve of on day cycles were repeated every days up to cycles a response rate of was demonstrated none complete but an additional of patients had SD the median time to progression was months and the median survival was months a year survival rate of and a year survival rate of were seen the main nonhematologic toxicity was nonneutropenic infection thrombocytopenia occurred in patients grade grade carboplatingemcitabine with a day administration of carboplatin is well tolerated with a similar survival to established platinumbased doublets | MEDAL |
the peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with recurrent aphthous ulcers rau were studied during various stages of their disease by twocolor immunofluorescence with the use of monoclonal antibodies directed against human t cells cd t helper cells cd t suppressor cells cd CD4 cells cdw and t suppressorinducer cells cdr all patients with severe rau showed increased numbers of t helperinducer cells cdw and decreased numbers of t suppressorinducer cells cdr one of six patients with rau showed a decreased t helpert suppressor ratio cdcd these findings suggest that patients with rau may possess primary immunologic abnormalities | MEDAL |
since the term lacune was adopted in the s to describe infarctions from cerebral small vessels their underlying pathophysiological basis remained obscure until the s when charles miller fisher performed several autopsy studies of stroke patients he observed that the vessels displayed segmental arteriolar disorganization that was associated with vessel enlargement hemorrhage and fibrinoid deposition he coined the term lipohyalinosis to describe the microvascular mechanism that engenders small subcortical infarcts in the absence of a compelling embolic source since fishers early descriptions of lipohyalinosis and lacunar stroke ls there have been many advancements in the understanding of this disease process herein we review lipohyalinosis as it relates to modern concepts of CBF small vessel disease csvd we discuss clinical classifications of ls as well as radiographic definitions based on modern neuroimaging techniques we provide a broad and comprehensive overview of ls pathophysiology both at the vessel and parenchymal levels we also comment on the role of biomarkers the possibility of systemic disease processes and advancements in the genetics of csvd lastly we assess preclinical models that can aid in studying ls disease pathogenesis enhanced understanding of this highly prevalent disease will allow for the identification of novel therapeutic targets capable of mitigating disease sequelae | MEDAL |
catatonia is a NP syndrome that may present a difficult diagnostic dilemma catatonic disorder due to general medical conditions must be considered in every patient with catatonic signs four patients with this disorder are presented in these patients general medical conditions associated with catatonic disorder included dystonia hiv HIVE progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy encephalitis and renal failure three of these patients had multifactorial presentations of medical conditions or prior psychiatric disorders a critical literature review concerning catatonia and associated nonpsychiatric medical conditions only infrequently supported causal relationships between organic factors and the development of catatonia the majority of patients have multifactorial etiologies | MEDAL |
human whey was subjected to gel chromatography two folate binding protein fractions wer eluted a L1 one mr congruent to and a minor one mr greater than the former folate IB fraction fb could be isolated from whey by means of ion exchange chromatography equilibrium dialysis experiments with whey and isolated fb indicated the existence of cooperatively interacting sites in folate binding the folate analogue methotrexate inhibited folate IB inhibition was apparently of a competitive type since methotrexate did not reduce maximum binding capacity cooperativity was lost in the presence of methotrexate IB affinity was inversely proportional to the concentration of fb suggesting involvement of a polymerizing protein system in binding none of the other fractions eluted on the ion exchange column could bind folate | MEDAL |
calcium nephrolithiasis canl accounts for more than of all renal stones and its prevalence has increased in the last decades under this definition are included patients passing stones composed of calcium oxalates andor calcium phosphates current views of the pathogenesis of canl are based on the role of metabolic CA which concur to render urines more conducive to crystallization therefore the diagnostic approach is aimed at detecting these abnormalities and the medical treatment assumes that a decrease in the risk of lithogenesis will result in remission or improvement of recurrences the workup of the patients with canl begins with the analysis of passed stones and xray sonography or other imaging techniques eligible patients that is both recurrent AS SF and singlestone formers with individual risk AF are considered for a metabolic DUE by which a number of blood and urine parameters are measured and others calculated these include estimates of urine state of saturation with calcium and uric ac computed tomography ct data the results of our T0 reveal that accurate measurements can be made from volume rendered ct data however error is present absolute average error from to and there is some variability even for experts sigma ranged from to the evidence suggests that the choice of volume rendering transfer CF parameters greatly affects the accuracy of the results accurate TF parameter selection is a difficult problem parameters that produce realistic images often provide inaccurate measurements as the use of volume visualization grows and more inexperienced users begin using these tools for medical diagnosis and staging new guidelines aids and techniques must be developed to ensure reliable accurate visualization results | MEDAL |
by means of paper chromatographic techniques with purified sialic acidcontaining bacterial antigen standards sialic acid as well as Gal and glucosamine have been identified as components of each typespecific antigen of group b streptococcus rhamnose was ND in the group b antigen isolated by the CP hcl and heat extraction method | MEDAL |
the pkip protein functions as an inhibitor of cyclin dependent kinase and shows loss of expression in a C1 percentage of brca and brca breast cancer cases we investigated the association between cdknb gene SCV and breast cancer risk in female brca and brca mutation carriers from australia the uk and the usa samples were genotyped for five single nucleotide polymorphisms including coding variant rs vg cox regression provided no convincing evidence that any of the polymorphisms modified disease risk for brca or brca carriers either alone or as a haplotype borderline associations were observed for homozygote carriers of the rs rare allele but were opposite in effect for brca and brca carriers adjusted hazard ratio hr ci p for brca hr ci p for brca the confidence intervals for per allele risk estimates excluded a twofold risk indicating that common cdknb polymorphisms do not markedly modify breast cancer risk among brca or brca carriers | MEDAL |
the role of the bronchial epithelium and inhibitory prostaglandins in the induction of histamine tachyphylaxis in human isolated BSM was investigated using bronchi obtained from patients who had been treated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs nsaid for months and from UT patients epitheliumintact bronchial strips from untreated patients demonstrated tachyphylaxis to histamine with the maximum response emax reduced by p and the ec increased fold p tachyphylaxis was not observed in epitheliumdenuded strips in epitheliumintact bronchial S9 from nsaid treated patients the mean initial maximum tension generated in response to histamine was significantly greater than that for bronchial preparations from untreated patients p in nsaidtreated patients both epitheliumintact and denuded preparations failed to demonstrate tachyphylaxis the generation of prostaglandin e and prostacyclin was assessed by radioimmunoassay using bronchi from UT patients n in epitheliumintact bronchial preparations the generation of both prostaglandin e and prostacyclin was significantly increased by histamine exposure p and was completely inhibited by indomethacin however the selective histamine h receptor antagonist ranitidine selectively inhibited the synthesis of prostaglandin e alone production of both prostaglandins was not altered by SE to acetylcholine these results suggest that prostaglandin e and prostacyclin are released primarily from the epithelium in response to histamine and may be specifically involved in inhibiting human bronchial smooth muscle responsiveness to this mediator significantly the PR of prostaglandin e appears to be selectively controlled by histamine h receptors resident on the epithelium | MEDAL |
we reported a yearold boy with hypocomplementemic mesangial PGN progressing to focal membranoproliferation without aggravation of urinalysis he was pointed out as having asymptomatic hematuria by a school urinalysis screening and revealed mild hematuria and PU not nephrotic the laboratory data showed severe hypocomplementemia and high titers of antistreptolysin o aso and antistreptokinase ask a renal biopsy specimen obtained months T3 the ON showed diffuse mesangial proliferation and did not display any characteristic changes in MPGN by either CS or electron microscopy T3 eight months of observation a second renal biopsy was performed in order to examine morphological changes because severe hypocomplementemia mild hematuria and proteinuria had persisted the second biopsy specimen showed c deposition with a mesangiocapillary DP detected by immunofluorescence microscopy and diffuse mesangial proliferation by light microscopy in some glomeruli electron microscopy showed focal mesangial interposition which was considered to be a histological feature of focal membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy and subsequent glucocorticoid administration mg of prednisolone every other day was performed the SS complement level was elevated just T3 the MPT but fell to the previous value within months the hypocomplementemia even if PU and hematuria were mild indicated the existence of glomerular change in this case | MEDAL |