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sterol response element IB protein c srebpc is a transcription factor that has been implicated in the regulation of expression of key lipogenic genes in hepatocytes including fatty acid synthase fas and glucokinase in hepatocytes insulin stimulates a rapid increase in transcription of srebpc and the appearance of the srebpc protein in the nucleus srebp has also been proposed to play an important role in the induction of expression of lipogenic enzymes in AT in vivo in response to nutritional status in this paper we have investigated the regulation of the srebp and fas genes in adipocytes and find that while an overexpressed constitutively active srebp mutant is capable of substantially stimulating the fas promoter insulin appears to stimulate fas gene expression in primary adipocytes in the absence of any apparent effect on srebp transcription taken together our data suggest that insulin does not stimulate fas gene expression through increasing srebpc transcription in adipose cells | MEDAL |
the objective of this study is to determine childrens blood lead levels and identify sources of lead SE childhood lead exposure constitutes a major pediatric health problem today in china a blood lead screening survey program for children in the age group of years residing in pearl river delta region south of china was carried out from dec to jan | MEDAL |
systemic autoimmune diseases such as vasculitis and collagen diseases are characterized by chronic inflammation mutual interrelationship between angiogenesis and chronic inflammation has already been demonstrated the aim of the T0 was to examine the effect of sera from patients with systemic autoimmune diseases on angiogenesis induced by human MNC cells the T0 population consisted of patients with a SVR autoimmune disease associated with pulmonary manifestations divided into three groups with wegeners granulomatosis wg with SVR sclerosis ss and with collagen vascular diseases cvd such as rheumatoid arthritis SVR lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis the control group consisted of healthy volunteers clinical status was evaluated using a questionnaire standard CXRs were performed in all patients pulmonary function tests were performed according to the ers standards an rat of a leukocyteinduced angiogenesis CA was used as an angiogenic test sera from wg and cvd patients significantly stimulated angiogenesis compared with HS p on the other hand sera from HD exerted a proangiogenic effect compared with pbs in contrast sera from ss patients significantly p inhibited angiogenesis compared with sera from healthy subjects and pbs proangiogenic effect of sera from systemic diseases patients depended on radiological changes no significant rho between a degree of dyspnea or functional pulmonary tests and the number of new vessels or angiogenesis index was found sera from patients with systemic AD and healthy people constitute the source of mediators modulating angiogenesis these modulatory effects differ depending on the disease entity | MEDAL |
to explore the timecourse and the source of the changes in plasma PR that occur in early pregnancy we studied a normal subject subject an in IVF ivf patient subject and an ovarian failure patient who received a donor egg subject day was the luteinizing hormone lh peak subject the day of human chorionic gonadotropin hcg administration subject or days before embryo transfer subject in subjects and prorenin increased transiently three and ninefold respectively on days then returned towards baseline and began to increase again around day to a maximum six and fold baseline around day AR was consistently less than of total renin in the ovarianfailure patient only small fluctuations occurred in total renin yet her hcg was mluml on day proving that she was pregnant these results suggest that the PR rise that occurs at midmenstrual cycle and following conception may be due to ovarian PR secretion in response to stimulation by gonadotropic hormones | MEDAL |
the objective of our study was to investigate AF associated with postpartum physical and mental morbidity among women in lusaka zambia with particular reference to known hiv status our T0 was part of the breastfeeding and PP health bfph longitudinal cohort T0 conducted between june and july women were recruited at weeks gestation and followed up to weeks postpartum data on maternal health were collected at and days and at and weeks postpartum maternal MH data were collected from april onwards at recruitment and at seven days and six weeks postpartum data on physical morbidity were collected for women hivnegative hivpositive and data on mental morbidity were collected for women hivnegative hivpositive multivariate LR was used to examine AF associated with postpartum physical or mental morbidity postpartum physical morbidity was associated with hiv status parity or and age years neither antenatal nor PP mental morbidity as indicated by a selfreporting questionnaire item srq score or were associated with hiv status or with PP physical morbidity in this population larger comparative studies are required to corroborate or contest these findings | MEDAL |
SVR immunization of balbc mice with proteoglycan aggrecan from fetal human cartilage induces progressive polyarthritis an experimental disease similar to human RA arthritis the development of the disease in this genetically susceptible mu CS is based on CR immune responses between the immunizing fetal human and mouse selfproteoglycans one of the CR and arthritogenic t cell epitopes grqvrvnsaiy is localized in the g domain of humanmurine proteoglycan susceptible balbc mice however develop ICA only if both the chondroitin sulfate cs and keratan sulfate ks side chains of the arthritogenic human proteoglycans are removed the function of these two glycosaminoglycan side chains is opposite the presence of a ks side chain in adult proteoglycan inhibits the recognition of arthritogenic t cell epitopes prevents the development of t cell response and protects animals from autoimmune ICA in contrast the SD of the cs side chain generates clusters of cs stubs and provokes a strong b cell response these carbohydratespecific B1 are the most important proteoglycan apc taken together proteoglycaninduced progressive polyarthritis is dictated by three L1 components genetic background of the balbc strain highly TPS t cell response to epitopes masked by a ks chain in aging tissue and the presence of proteoglycan cs stubspecific b cells required for sufficient ag presentation | MEDAL |
to determine the prognosis of penetrating keratoplasty pk for macular corneal dystrophy mcd | MEDAL |
proteolysis of Rubisco rubpcase during senescence was monitored using oat leaf segments avena sativa cv victory kept in the dark we here report the development of a novel RPA for measuring PD of endogenous substrates both in situ and in vitro in crude extracts using specific antibodies against HP polypeptides the proteolytic products were separated on sodium dodecyl sulfategels they were then electrotransferred onto nitrocellulose paper and identified with specific antibodies to both the C1 and small subunits of rubpcase we could show differences in ph optima between two proteases degrading the subunits of rubpcase while both subunits were best hydrolyzed in acid and basic ph they degraded differently at neutral ph furthermore the C1 S1 displayed a different DP of degradative products at the different ph levels older leaf segments which were incubated in darkness underwent enhanced proteolysis as compared with young ones these results show the advantages of the CA in demonstrating a in situ proteolysis of specific substrates in crude extracts without further purification b in vitro differential proteolysis of endogenous substrates during senescence | MEDAL |
this article is based on the book equality the struggle for web accessibility by persons with cognitive disabilities cambridge university press it contends that the rights of individuals with cognitive disabilities to equal access to web content are not only protected under law but may also be implemented and supported by current userbased semantic and cloud technologies consistent with the americans with disabilities act and the un convention on the rights of persons with disabilities web content eqused as a result of the truncation these results suggested that the cterminal residues play an important role in structural stability and chaperone CF of tf | MEDAL |
vf is induced during icd implantation to determine tau of therapy establishing the best clinical method of induction of vf would potentially be beneficial in reducing the number of induction attempts and reducing the frequency of inadvertent induction of vt commonly used methods to induce vf include shock in the t wave VP t shock and VHF stimulation this T0 compared the tau of t shock with a new induction method using a v dc pulse the study was a randomized prospective case crossover trial in patients receiving icds vf was induced by t shock and dc in a randomized CS during an icd implant vf was induced at least four times in each patient two t shocks and two dc inductions and with each induction attempts were continued with modifications until successful a paired DUE between the t shockdc induction was performed in patients men age years with a left ventricular ejection fraction of arrhythmia indications were vt n vf n and vtvf n drug therapy included amiodarone n metoprolol n digoxin n and lidocaine n the average t shock Vc was v the s cycle drive length was consistently ms and the mean s coupling interval was ms the length of time dc applied averaged seconds a total of episodes of vf were included in the analysis t shock induced vf with a cycle length of ms and dc induced vf with a cycle length of ms p although vf was eventually induced for each randomization the number of attempts required were dependent on the method of induction the successful dc first attempt vf induction rate was with three patients requiring two attempts during one of the dc inductions t shock had a first attempt success rate with patients requiring multiple t shocks to induce vf all nine female patients had at least one unsuccessful first attempt t shock which contributed to an overall unsuccessful first attempt induction rate significantly higher in women then men vs p a constant dc Vc induction of vf may be more effective than t shock for induction of vf in a clinical setting because it reduces the number of attempts required to induce vf by either method vf appears to be more difficult to induce in women dc induction has the advantage of simple NLP of only duration of stimulation these findings have implications particularly for icd implantation with conscious sedation | MEDAL |
metformin one of the biguanides is an oral hypoglycemic agent which acts primarily by decreasing hepatic gl SO and by increasing peripheral Rd therefore it has different hypoglycemic mechanism from that of sulfonylureas the hypoglycemic effects of metformin are observed not only in obese niddm patients but also in nonobese niddm patients moreover addition of MET improves glycemic control in patients with suboptimal glycemic control while taking maximum SU therapy therefore it is complementary to SU therapy and represents a useful additional drug for the treatment irrespective of obesity the rare but serious condition of lactic acidosis should be kept in mind as a potential side effect however if MET is avoided in patients with contraindications the medication is very safe | MEDAL |
relaspot homologue rsh proteins have pppgpp synthetase and hydrolase activities that mediate L1 global responses to nutrient limitation and other stresses rsh proteins are conserved in most bacteria and play diverse roles in bacterial pathogenesis we report here that the rsh protein of streptococcus pneumoniae relspn can be deleted and is the primary source of pppgpp synthesis in virulent CS d under some conditions a d deltarelspn mutant grew well in complex medium but did not grow in chemically defined medium unless supplemented with the metals copper and manganese transcriptome analysis of d relspn and deltarelspn strains treated with mupirocin revealed relspnindependent translation AS relspndependent stringent response and deltarelspndependent changes suggesting that relspn and pppgpp amount play wideranging homeostatic roles in pneumococcal physiology besides adjusting macromolecular synthesis and transport in response to nutrient availability notably the relspndependent response included significant upregulation of the ply operon encoding pneumolysin toxin whereas the deltarelspndependent response affected expression linked to the vicrk and ciarh twocomponent systems finally a d deltarelspn mutant was severely attenuated and displayed a significantly altered course of PD in a mouse model of infection which was restored to normal by an ectopic copy of relspn | MEDAL |
h nmr spectroscopy provides a useful initial biochemical screen with which to detect abnormal patterns of metabolites in urine collected from animals with different CS of nephrotoxic lesions male fischer rats were treated with nephrotoxic doses of sodium chromate pars convoluta of S3 cisplatin hexachlorobutadiene mercury ii chloride PR of PT tubule propylene imine and BEA renal papilla in order to induce damage in specific regions of the kidney urine was collected for up to hr T3 dosing and was analyzed by h nmr spectroscopy mhz and conventional biochemical methods to provide PSA fingerprints of urine in various sitespecific nephrotoxic states hexachlorobutadiene and hgcl produced severe glycosuria and transient enzymuria h nmr UA revealed aminoaciduria glycosuria and lactic aciduria T3 exposure to all proximal tubular toxins except cisplatin whereas PTC insult resulted in early elevations in urinary trimethylamine noxide and DMA together with later elevations in urinary acetate succinate and nndimethylglycine T3 propylene imine trimethylamine noxide and dimethylamine are suggested as novel markers of sitespecific renal papillary injury in the rat | MEDAL |
we have identified and characterized arc apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain card sequence analysis revealed that arc contains an NT card fused to a CT region rich in prolineglutamic acid residues the card domain of arc exhibited significant homology to the prodomains of apical caspases and the cards present in the cell death regulators apaf and raidd immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that arc interacts with ICE and caenorhabditis elegans ced but not with caspase or arc inhibited apoptosis induced by ICE and ced but not that mediated by caspase further analysis showed that the enzymatic activity of ICE was inhibited by arc in TA consistent with the inhibition of ICE arc attenuated apoptosis induced by fadd and tradd and that triggered by stimulation of death receptors coupled to caspase including cdfas tumor CN factorr and trampdr remarkably the expression of human arc was primarily restricted to skeletal muscle and cardiac tissue thus arc represents an inhibitor of apoptosis expressed in muscle that appears to selectively target caspases delivery of arc by gene transfer or enhancement of its endogenous activity may provide a strategy for the treatment of diseases that are characterized by inappropriately increased cell death in muscle tissue | MEDAL |
VLM is a syndrome characteristically involving children with a PH of pica and usually presents with fever ABD pain tender hepatomegaly and hypereosinophilia hepatic granulomas of VLM are rare in adults we describe three AD patients with hepatic lesions which on histopathology demonstrated characteristic granulomas of visceral larva migrans all patients had abdominal sonograms and two had additional mr scans of the liver both ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated characteristic appearances which have not been described previously viz illdefined central necrotic areas surrounded by concentric thick walls and perifocal edema in the liver parenchyma | MEDAL |
the european guidelines will form the backdrop forss the safety adverse effects and complications of the dobutamine stress echocardiography ed patients without previous infarction were prospectively studied with ed there were female and male age varied from to years mean dobutamine was given in stepwise increasing doses from to mcgkgmin mean maximal dose achieved was mcgkgmin atropine was added in cases significant coronary artery disease was present in patients there were no death no myocardial infarction or episodes of sustained ventricular tachycardia as a result of ed the test was terminated when following conditions were revealed target heart rate maximal established dose achieved left VVI asynergy angina pectoris increase of systolic blood pressure above mm hg SH nonsustained IVT the most common noncardiac side effects were skin tingling atypical chest pain palpitations and headache the most side effects were usually well tolerated without the need for test cessation the ed was terminated only in patients because of noncardiac SE including nausea and HA we conclude that ed may be safely performed in routine clinical practice side effects were rare and usually minor most severe ICM pain was relieved by test interruption and SL nitroglycerine or short acting betablocker administration | MEDAL |
the t lymphocyte population includes a subset that induces Ts lymphocytes t cells and can be distinguished by dualcolor fluorescence analysis with antih and antit monoclonal antibodies to investigate the possible role of these cells in multiple sclerosis we used antih antibody to characterize peripheralblood lymphocyte subsets in patients with multiple sclerosis that was progressive stable or acute relapsingremitting twentythree of patients with progressive multiple sclerosis had a selective decrease in the number and percentage of peripheralblood TA that induce suppressor cells th cells whereas only of patients with stable disease and of patients in the midst of an acute attack had a significant decrease these selntation there were no differences in age clinical condition heart enlargement and echocardiographic left ventricular dysfunction between groups and seven of the patients in group died five while they were awaiting operation three died suddenly at home and two at T0 the five survivors are doing well years T3 T0 with normal left VF which improved slowly over several months after T0 two of the nine patients in group died both deaths occurred at or soon T3 T0 the seven survivors are doing well years after T0 in three left VF recovered within three weeks and there was even partial or total regression of the q waves in the supposedly necrotic Az in the remaining four the DP of improvement in left VVI function resembled that in group operation should be undertaken early in infants with anomalous LCA arising from the pulmonary i.a. because the procedure is relatively safe prevents a high natural mortality and offers a better chance of a faster recovery of left VVI CF | MEDAL |
oval cells and ductlike structures produced in the livers of rats fed nfluorenylacetamide in a CD diet differ from bile ducts produced T3 FF diaminodiphenylmethane rapid elevations of serum alphafetoprotein afp occur T3 feeding nfluorenylacetamide in a cholinedevoid diet no elevations of afp are seen during diaminodiphenylmethane feeding the ductlike structures associated with oval cells frequently contain afp and albumin and are faintly delineated by laminin whereas normal bile ducts and ducts induced by diaminodiphenylmethane do not contain afp or Al and are delineated by an intensely IF layer of laminin zones of oval cell proliferation label intensely for fibronectin whereas zones of bile duct proliferation label much less intensely it is concluded that the tubuloform degeneration seen T3 carcinogen exposure does not necessarily represent differentiation to true bile duct structures and that oval cells may neither derive from nor differentiate into bile ducts oval cells have characteristics more like fetal HCs than ductular cells and may represent a stem celllike population with potential for loss of growth control and malignant transformation | MEDAL |
to investigate the doseresponse relationship and the time course of the effects of fenoterol a selective beta adrenergic agonist on respiratory function in MV patients with acute respiratory failure due to exacerbation of chronic airflow one cao seven consecutive acutely ill patients were studied within days of the onset of mechanical ventilation airflow airway pressure and changes in lung volume were measured with the transducers of the c servo ventilator the last by electronic integration the endexpiratory lung volume eelv the intrinsic positive endexpiratory pressure peepi the static respiratory compliance cstrs maximum and minimum respiratory resistance rrsmax and rrsmin and PaO(2) pao were measured under control conditions all patients were receiving aminophylline infused at a constant rate and min after administration of ml aerosolized saline solution and and min T3 inhalation of and mg fenoterol after the last dose measurements were repeated at and min we found that on average while saline did not cause any significant change in respiratory mechanics a low dose mg of inhaled FEN was followed by a rapid min and significant decrease in rrsmax rrsmin eelv and peepi with a slight but not significant further fall with higher doses however changes were shortlasting and by h after the end of administration were no longer significant pao dropped significantly on average with a maximum mean fall of mmhgabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
soman is an OP neurotoxin which inhibits the activity of acetylcholinesterase ache the goal of this work was to find out whether antibodies against an organophosphorus hapten could protect mice from soman toxicity an OP hapten p was synthesized its chemical conjugates with limulus polyphemus hemocyanin and bovine SS Al were used as immune antigen plph and detection antigen pbsa respectively eight hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies mabs were established the IB reactivities of mabs with p and soman were determined by competitive inhibition enzyme immunoassay cieia all antibodies recognized p and four of them c g b and c combined with soman the ic was to moll for p and to moll for soman furthermore mab g reduced the inhibition of ache activity by soman in vitro when soman was preincubated with mabs before being injected into mice soman potency was reduced indicating that mabs could protect mice from soman toxicity in an active immunization regimen mice immunized with plph and challenged with mgkg soman injected subcutaneously had fewer signs of intoxication and a higher survival rate compared with control mice since bleomycin produces doublestrand breaks that are less complex than the breaks induced by IR these results indicate that the complexity of the break ends is a factor in the choice of repair pathway and that homologous recombination is recruited in the repair of breaks with more complex multiply damaged ends during the late s and g phases of the cell cycle | MEDAL |
the effects of stimulation of the substantia nigra pars reticulata snr on the SN of the MD nucleus md projecting to the prefrontal SC pf were studied in cats the md neurons projecting to the ventral part of the pf tended to be located in the ventral part of the md while those projecting to the dorsal part of the pf in the dorsal part spontaneous discharges of tested mrved when repeated nonreinforced presentation of a CS- results in a retardation of subsequent conditioning to that stimulus several recent experiments have suggested that li is abolished in conditioned suppression paradigms following acute low doses of amphetamine given during preexposure and conditioning experiment sought to increase the generality of this finding in an appetitive li paradigm using a dose of amphetamine previously shown to disrupt the li effect in an aversive paradigm killcross and robbins however no evidence for any disruption of li was found experiment extended this investigation to additional higher doses of damphetamine and also examined the role of reinforcer magnitude in the effect a NS trend towards an attenuated li effect was found which was reversed by decreases in the concentration of the sucrose reinforcer experiments and investigated the influence of SVR amphetamine in aversive paradigms with TPS attention to the increased response to the aversive FS reinforcer found in amphetaminetreated animals these experiments revealed that the influence of amphetamine on the li effect in conditioned suppression paradigms could be reversed by reducing the intensity of footshock used in conditioning thereby paralleling the effect found in the appetitive paradigm therefore it is unlikely that a simple attentional account of the abolition of the li effect in previous experiments can be sustained | MEDAL |
we measured the SS cortisol C2 in normal and pregnancy induced hypertension pih primigravidas the normal pregnancy had a significant p less than higher cortisol level than that of pih patient especially severe pih patients had a significantly p less than lower cortisol level the lower maternal cortisol level of pih patients became more significant with the severity of clinical symptoms of pih T3 the onset of labor the cortisol levels of pih patients did not elevate compared with normal pregnancy these data suggest that in the pih patient the CR of the adrenal cortex to ACTH acth may be blunted or the cortisol production in the adrenal cortex may be decreased by the tissue circulation insufficiency due to pih | MEDAL |
sg sgsg is an AR mutation in an orphan nuclear HR gene roralpha that causes a cellautonomous lineagespecific block in the development of the purkinje cell purkinje cell number is reduced by about in adult mutants and many of the surviving cells are small and ectopically positioned to determine whether purkinje cell numbers are reduced owing to either agenesis or cell death cohorts of PCs were labeled with the birthdate marker bromodeoxyuridine brdu at embryonic day e or e the total number of brdulabeled profiles was then compared between cerebella from wildtype mice heterozygous sg and sg mutants at e and PN day p there was no significant difference between sgsg mutants and sg or controls in the number of brdulabeled profiles or in cerebellar volumes in the e embryos by p however cerebellar volume was significantly reduced in the sgsg mutants compared to controls p and the number of brdulabeled profiles was reduced by following e brdu injections p the results suggest that purkinje cell genesis is not affected by the staggerer mutation and that purkinje cell loss begins some time after e roralpha is highly expressed in purkinje cells by e so the delay between initial roralpha expression and sgsg purkinje cell loss suggests that the sg mutation does not directly cause purkinje cell death | MEDAL |
DUE research provides new perspectives for clinical supervision cs and international collaboration offers advantages to develop valid instruments for this purpose besides translation an SF-36 developed and tested in another culture requires systematic validation the study focuses on the translation process of the manchester clinical supervision scale for testing in finland carried out collaboratively between the universities of tampere and manchester the instrument is a item questionnaire with a likerttype scale comprising seven subscales trust and rapport supervisor advice and support improved care and skills importance and value of cs finding time personal issues and reflection and total score at first a licensed translator translated the SF-36 into finnish a native british language teacher at the university language centre performed the blind backtranslation into english the translations were compared by both collaborative parties and by three experienced finnish supervisors a pilot sample n was collected to test the translated SF-36 in this sample crf RI ischemiainduced microvascular damage and plugging of the microcirculation by thrombus and PI during mechanical recanalization exp data support the hypothesis that reperfusion microvascular ischemia contributes to myocardial tissue injury over a prolonged time period hyperbaric oxygen therapy hbo attenuates microvascular dysfunction and reperfusion microvascular ischemia as demonstrated in both exp models and patients with ami however treating patients in an hbo chamber or with a conventional oxygenator is impractical and difficult AO ao is a newly developed solution containing extremely high oxygen concentrations ml oml saline the ao system mixes ao solution with a patients blood from an arterial puncture and delivers the hyperoxemic blood to targeted ischemic myocardium via an infusion catheter for regional correction of hypoxemia and production of hyperoxemia the system precisely controls the level of po without clinically significant microbubble formation hyperoxemic coronary infusion of ao in exp models of ami improved lv CF and reduced IS compared with normoxemic controlsvery likely as a result of microvascular blood flow improvement the first clinical experiences with intracoronary infusion of ao solution demonstrated the therapy to be a safe and well tolerated in the setting of ami after successful primary percutaneous TCA its use was associated with significant progressive improvement in lv function as measured by ejection fraction and wall motion score index interestingly such improvement was primarily due to functional REC of infarct zone +dP/dt a larger randomized trial is currently underway to define the role of hyperoxemic coronary infusion in patients with ami | MEDAL |
the novel anticancer drug candidate brequinar sodium dup nsc fluorofluorobiphenylylmethylquinoline carboxylic acid sodium salt inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase the fourth enzyme in the de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway leading to the formation of ump sixtynine quinoline carboxylic acid analogs were analyzed as inhibitors of l dihydroorotate dehydrogenase this structureactivity relationship T0 identified three critical regions of BQR sodium and its analogs where specific substitutions are required for the inhibition of the activity of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase the three principal regions are i the c position where bulky hydrophobic substituents are necessary ii the c position which has a strict requirement for the carboxylic acid and its corresponding salts and iii the benzo portion of the quinoline ring with AGA substitutions these results will be useful in the elucidation of the precise nature of the interaction between BQR and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase | MEDAL |
seven rabbits were immunized with a synthetic cterminal glucagon fragment conjugated with bovine serum albumin by means of glutaraldehyde antisera for glucagon were produced in all the animals after six i.v. of the conjugate one of them revealed a higher titer AS g which did not cross react with gut GLI material sec insulin gastric inhibitory polypeptide or vasoactive intestinal peptide from the results of inhibition of iglucagon in IB with the antiserum by various glucagonrelated fragments the immunogenic determinant of the AS was proved to be in the CT residue of the glucagon molecule although peptide or reacted weakly with the AS the plasma glucagon levels measured by AS g during an Arg test in five normal subjects were superposed on those obtained by other antiserum g specific for pancreatic glucagon furthermore a comparable standard curve for glucagon was obtained using AS g when a labelled phydroxyphenylacetylated glucagon fragment was employed as a tracer the present T0 clearly demonstrated that the cterminal glucagon fragment could yield a TPS AS for PG supporting the proposal that the CTF of glucagon is responsible for such specific antisera furthermore it is concluded that immunoassay for glucagon could be performed using the labelled glucagon fragment as a tracer | MEDAL |
the joint commission recently reversed its prior authorization of the use of secure clinical texting to issue patient care orders now again prohibiting texting of orders however the potential sole or exclusive use of clinical texts to transmit other patient care information beyond care orders still poses a risk to patient safety in high acuity care because of text transmission delays resulting from carrierdependent latency although texting in routine patient care may deliver high value to clinicians the risk of RL and delayed receipt of clinically urgent or timesensitive texted patient information in highacuity care settings can harm patients we completed a review of secure clinical text vendor websites finding that of percent market their products for use specifically in highacuity and critical patient care the secure clinical texting industry needs the policy guidance of the joint commission and health information technology professionals to minimize risk to patients clinicians and hospital systems as secure clinical texting becomes standard accepted practice | MEDAL |
the construction of an artificial kidney module by tissue engineering or the application of cellbased therapies for the treatment of renal failure requires exact information regarding the cellbiological mechanisms of parenchyme OD in combination with different kinds of biomaterials to learn more about these processes tissue cultures are frequently used exp tools however apart from experiments with early kidney anlagen there is a lack of suitable invitro models regarding the generation and longterm maintenance of renal tubules in the present paper we like to demonstrate an T3 SC technique which allows to generate tubular elements derived from renal stem cells for the growth of tubules it is essential to finetune the interface between the embryonic tissue and the dead fluid space within a perfusion SC container by offering a polyester artificial interstitium culture was performed in imdm supplemented with hormones and growth AF but using SF conditions over days formation of tissue was then analysed by immunohistochemistry and twodimensional d electrophoresis culture in pure imdm leads to a CR loss of tissue formation in contrast application of aldosterone a induces the OD of numerous polarised tubules surprisingly addition of epidermal growth factor egf a cocktail of insulin transferrin and selenium its retinoic acid ra D3 vitd or bovine pituitary extract bpt does not further improve OD of tubules but leads to intensive cell clustering and a decrease of tubule formation d western blots of developing tissue probed with SBA sba reveal a unique pattern of newly detected proteins it is found that growth AF do not support but abolish protein spots upregulated by aldosterone it remains to be investigated which cellbiological effect stimulates the embryonic cells to develop tubules in competition to cell clusters at the interphase of an artificial interstitium | MEDAL |
in the transcription of trna and s genes by rna polymerase iii recruitment of the transcription factor tfiiib is mediated by the promoterbound assembly factor tfiiic a critical limiting step in this process is the interaction between the TPR repeat tprcontaining subunit of tfiiic tfiiic and the tfiibrelated factor brfptfiiib to facilitate PSA studies of this interaction we expressed a fragment of tfiiic tfiiic that includes the minimal tfiiib interaction domain defined by twohybrid studies together with adjacent sequences up to the end of tpr implicated in the assembly reaction tfiiic interacts with tfiiib in solution and inhibits the formation of tfiiibtfiiicdna complexes in a coupled equilibrium IB assay the formation of tfiiictfiiib complexes was adequately described by a singlesite binding model and yielded an apparent equilibrium KB of nm cd spectroscopy and limited proteolysis experiments defined a well structured and largely proteaseresistant core in tfiiic comprising part of the hydrophilic amino terminus tpr the intervening nontpr region and tpr cd spectra showed that trifluoroethanol induced significant alphahelical structure in tfiiic a more modest monovalent iondependent cd difference was observed in mixtures of tfiiic and tfiiib suggesting that formation of the binary complex may proceed with the acquisition of alphahelicity | MEDAL |
chemoradiotherapy combined cisplatin fu and radiation was carried out in an T3 EC with suspected TE fistula after IS of an expandable metallic stent regression of the primary tumor was observed and oral intake could be started chemoradiotherapy T3 IS of the expandable metallic stent was useful in this case of T3 esophageal CA with suspected TE fistula | MEDAL |
the pharmacological profile of torasemide was examined in exp animals in normotensive wistar rats torasemide produced less kaliuresis at doses that were equipotent with furosemide in terms of natriuresis torasemide but not furosemide exerted a significant diuretic action in rats treated with deoxycorticosterone acetate both torasemide and furosemide increased plasma renin activity and aldosterone concentration but only torasemide significantly inhibited aldosteronereceptor binding in rat kidney torasemide also inhibited vasoconstriction induced by thromboxane a in isolated canine PD | MEDAL |
morphological profiles of lymphatic vessels in AD zebrafish trunk and ovary were studied by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy the present immunohistochemistry for prox was successful in demonstrating lymphatic vessels in zebrafish the zebrafish trunk revealed two types of BL longitudinal lymphatic trunks draining lymph centripetally along dorsal aorta and posterior cardinal veins C1 honeycomb lymphatic sinus was further shown around common cardinal veins in the zebrafish ovary the lymphatic vessels comprising endothelial cells only encompassed arterioles in their lumen this peculiar structure appeared to be conserved in vertebrates including mammals and might serve for control of blood temperature and tissue homeostasis the present study is first to delineate lymphatic vessels in adult zebrafish by immunohistochemistry our immunohistochemical results showed usefulness of IS for prox not only for demonstration of lymphatic vessels in zebrafish but also for examination of their function and dynamics in pathophysiological condition | MEDAL |
dicistronic subgenomic HC virus hcv replicons were constructed containing sequences from jfh a genotype a strain that also incorporated the firefly luciferase gene under the control of the hcv internal ribosome entry site PE luciferase activity in huh cell extracts containing in vitrotranscribed subgenomic jfh rna was monitored over a h period to examine early stages of hcv replication in the absence of any selective pressure enzyme MICs produced by the replicon were almost fold greater than those generated from corresponding TT b replicons and correlated with an accumulation of nsa protein and replicon rna transient replication was CS to ifn treatment in a dosedependent manner and in addition to huh cells the uos HOS supported efficient replication of the jfh replicon thus this system based on jfh sequences offers improvements over prior TT b replicons for quantitative measurement of viral rna replication | MEDAL |
we examined the effects of weeks of progressive weightlifting training on dynamic muscle strength peak power output in cycle ergometry symptom limited endurance during progressive TM walking and stair climbing knee extensor crosssectional Az and bone mineral density and content in healthy males and females aged years currently enrolled in a year RT program subjects were randomized into either exercise ex or control con CG years males and females years males and females ex trained several muscle groups twice per week for weeks at intensities ranging from of the load that they could lift once only rm con did usual daily MICs after the months there was no NC in rm strength in con but significant gains mean increases up to in ex no independent age or gender effects and of the increase in rm had occurred by and weeks respectively in ex the increase in peak cycling SP SO was significantly greater than in con the improvement in symptom limited TM walking endurance was also greater than in con but the difference between CG during stair climbing was not significant ex con the crosssectional Az of the knee extensors increased significantly by in ex but were unchanged in con there were no changes in bone mineral density or content in either group we conclude that LT RT in older people is feasible and results in increases in dynamic muscle strength muscle size and functional capacity | MEDAL |
the cause of reduced TH protein excretion in patients suffering from UA diathesis is still unknown our investigation was conducted based on the hypothesis that the solubility of uric acid is increased by tammhorsfall protein and that an increased UA content in the urine might cause a decrease in TH protein in patients with uric calculi the excretion of TH protein uric acid calcium and citrate was measured of the patients had pure UA stones group i and showed mixed stones with at least of UA group ii reduced tammhorsfall protein excretion was found in of the patients of group i and in of the patients of group ii the excretion of tammhorsfall protein was significantly reduced in pure uric acid SF compared to normal subjects p the excretion of uric acid was elevated in of the patients of group i and in of the patients of group ii there was no significant correlation between TH protein excretion and uric acid excretion r calcium excretion was elevated in of the patients with mixed stones the excretion of citrate was reduced in almost all of the patients of CG i and ii our results do not support the hypothesis that an increased content of uric acid in the urine causes a decrease in TH protein in our opinion the lower excretion of tammhorsfall protein in some of the stone patients might be caused by damae potato medium in dr albert calmette took up the appointment of subdirector of the pasteur institute of paris prolonged trials of bcg bacille calmetteguérin vaccine showed it to be safe and vaccination of very young infants born of tuberculous mothers commenced in the use of bcg vaccine as a prophylactic against tuberculosis spread worldwide and has remained important in combatting this scourge | MEDAL |
moderate concentrations of bredinin x m strongly inhibited growth of ly cells with the effect being reversed by guanylic acid gmp however at higher concentrations of breeding the inhibition was not reversed CR by gmp added in excess bredinin was cytocidal at concentrations above x m but x m bredinin in the presence of excess gmp bredinin was cytostatic bredinin inhibited nucleic acid synthesis of ly cells but bredinin itself was not incorporated into the nucleic acid inhibition of nucleic FAS was clearly reversed by gmp similarly chromosomal aberrations in ly cells caused by bredinin were reversed by gmp in contrast the effect of ahigh concentration of bredinin on cell multiplication was not reversed by gmp the modal volume of ly cells increased during incubation in the presence of bredinin and gmp for hours x m bredinin with gmp causing a increase in cell volume this increase in cell volume was mainly due to an increase in the protein content of the cells the cytostatic effect of bredinin with gmp was reversed completely by adenosinecyclic monophosphate cyclic amp other cyclic nucleotides and nucleotides were ineffective the reversing effect of cyclic amp on cell survival depended upon the concentration of gmp and was not seen in the absence of gmp it was concluded that cAMP influences the AA cytostatic effect of bredinin and not the primary cytotoxic effect reversed by gmp | MEDAL |
we describe the occurrence of mahaim syndrome in a mother and her son the occurrence of such a rare disorder in two members of a family is noteworthy has not been reported before and suggests the possibility of genetic transmission a genetic transmission of SVT ART has been described only in rare cases for the wolffparkinsonwhite syndrome no such data is available for the mahaim syndrome | MEDAL |
the biodistribution of hdamp a mselective cholinoceptor antagonist was studied in rats which had received either saline or saline containing atropine to block cholinoceptors SB of the radioligand was observed in the UB ileum pancreas stomach submandibular gland and trachea maximal ratios of totaltononspecific uptake reached values of tr bladder stomach ileum pancreas and SM gland at min postinjection this rank order reflects the tissue densities of m cholinoceptors damp did not bind to blood cells and it was rapidly cleared from the circulation with a halflife of min the remainder with a halflife of min labelled metabolites appeared within min in plasma but metabolite uptake by the target organs was low of total radioactivity min postinjection although damp binds to mcholinoceptors in vivo its potential use as a radiopharmaceutical appears limited since the compound does not cross the bloodbrain barrier and it does not show measurable SB in airways | MEDAL |
potassium sorbate ps may be incorporated in blended cigarette tobacco either as a mold growth inhibitor in processed tobacco sheet material or as a preservative in flavor systems or paper adhesives to evaluate the effect of ps addition neat material pyrolysis studies smoke chemistry and biological activity studies bacterial mutagenicity cytotoxicity in vivo MN and day noseonly rat inhalation with mainstream smoke or MS preparations from cigarettes containing various measured C2 of ps and were performed at simulated tobacco burning temperatures up to degrees c neat ps completely pyrolyzed to form aromatic ring materials including BZ toluene substituted benzenes naphthalene and substituted naphthalenes under machine smoking conditions ftciso high levels of ps may alter the burning characteristics of the cigarette leading to decreased puff count TPM carbon monoxide HCN nitropropane and tobacco TPS nitrosamines yields in the smoke while increasing the yield of NIC butadiene isoprene and some pahs biological studies indicated no relevant differences in the genotoxic or cytotoxic potential of either MS from cigarettes with or without added ps rats exposed to MS CS developed RT changes consistent with those seen in previous smoke inhalation studies with no relevant histopathological differences between the control and the ps test cigarette groups these studies demonstrated that high levels of ps could alter the burning rate of the tobacco leading to alteration in the smoke chemistry profile yet based on the panel of biological endpoints monitored here it appeared that added ps produced little relevant change in the overall toxicity profile of smoke | MEDAL |
parameatal urethral cyst or median raphe cyst of the glans penis is a benign cystic lesion uncommonly encountered in prepubertal age group approximately about cases have been reported till date in the world literature herein we report a case of parameatal urethral cyst concurrent with UB calculi | MEDAL |
the IN state medical association contracted with the gallup organization inc of princeton nj to conduct a statewide assessment of indiana households regarding attitudes and behaviors toward health care services and issues telephone interviews of randomly selected adult heads of households were conducted in august at the level of confidence the maximum expected error range for a sample of respondents is data were analyzed across key demographics including respondent age race and geographic location in addition counties were classified as urban rural or mixed those in which a substantial metropolitan area was set in an overall rural area | MEDAL |
norepinephrine ne TR were measured in hamster mesocricetus auratus heart and spleen tissues T3 wk exposure to and degrees c the competitive inhibitor of ne synthesis alphamethylptyrosine methyl ester was injected mgkg ip into acclimated animals at sequential periods after drug treatment hamsters were sacrificied by C2 transection and tissues were removed and frozen rate constants turnover time and TR were determined from regression analysis of ne tissue decay HR ne turnover was highest in coldacclimated and lowest in heatexposed animals and mugg per h respectively control values being intermediate mugg per h ne turnover is inversely related to tissue levels in the myocardium of temperatureacclimated hamsters spleen ne turnover was lowest with heat exposure but SP tissue levels of ne with heat or cold SE were not different from control degrees c measurements heatacclimated hamsters are slightly hyperthermic tre c p compared to degrees cmaintained controls tre but body temperature were unchanged with degrees c SE the implication of altered ne synthesis is that SNA is decreased with heat acclimation and increased with cold acclimation | MEDAL |
declines in skeletal muscle size and strength often seen with chronic wasting diseases prolonged or highdose glucocorticoid therapy and the natural aging process in mammals are usually associated with reduced PCS activity and testosterone levels however it is not clear whether the decline in testosterone and activity are causally related using a mouse MM we found that removal of endogenous testosterone by orchidectomy results in an almost CR cessation in voluntary WR but only a small decline in MM testosterone replacement restored running behavior and MM to normal levels orchidectomy also suppressed the igfiakt pathway activated the atrophyinducing e ligases murf and mafbx and suppressed several SE metabolism pathways and all of these effects were reversed by testosterone replacement the study also delineated a distinct previously unidentified set of genes that is inversely regulated by orchidectomy and testosterone treatment these data demonstrate the necessity of testosterone for both speed and endurance of voluntary WR in mice and suggest a potential mechanism for declined activity in humans where androgens are deficient | MEDAL |
early xenopus embryos are large and during the egg to gastrula stages when there is little extracellular matrix the cytoskeletons of the individual blastomeres are thought to maintain their spherical architecture and provide scaffolding for the cellular movements of gastrulation we showed previously that depletion of plakoglobin protein during the egg to gastrula stages caused collapse of embryonic architecture here we show that this is due to loss of the cortical actin skeleton T3 SD of plakoglobin whereas the microtubule and cytokeratin skeletons are still present as a PET assay for the actin skeleton we show that wound healing an actinbased behavior in embryos is also abrogated by PG depletion both wound healing and the amount of cortical actin are enhanced by overexpression of plakoglobin to begin to identify links between plakoglobin and the cortical actin polymerizatioches to the pens also significantly decreased the bursa weights and bursabody WI p no other significant effects were observed for the flock performance morphometric data or immunological tests between treatments we concluded that under the conditions of this study which tried to simulate commercial conditions the bursal weight was the best indicator of stress that was related to housing density addition of perches appeared to increase this level of AS because the birds used the perches infrequently and therefore there might have been a further reduction in the availability of floor space to the birds | MEDAL |
bovine serum and milk contain a basic angiogenic protein that binds tightly to placental ribonuclease inhibitor it was purified from both sources by ionexchange and RP chromatographies its CAA CS revealed that it is a member of the ribonuclease superfamily it contains amino acids in a single polypeptide chain is crosslinked by three disulfide bonds is glycosylated at asn and is identical to bovine angiogenin the aminoterminal and carboxylterminal residues are pyroglutamic acid and proline respectively the protein has ribonucleolytic activity that is similar to but somewhat lower than that of bovine angiogenin ie very low relative to rnase it is angiogenically potent on chicken chorioallantoic membrane but less so than angiogenin the CS and activities demonstrate that this protein is a second distinct member of the angiogenin subfamily of pancreatic ribonucleases and is referred to as angiogenin | MEDAL |
IS is in nearly associated with an eeg deviating from a normal DP therefore a possible cerebral dysfunction as one of the etiologic AF in the development of IS is discussed in consequence we studied the CE respiratory regulation in patients with idiopathic scoliosis by means of co response with the co rebreathing technique also vital capacity vc maximal MVV mvv respiratory minute volume at and mm hg arterial pco and eeg the coindex minmm hg co was significantly lower in patients with idiopathic scoliosis than in normals the decrease of coindex is mainly associated with the smaller vc of the patients of predicted there is no sign of an additional influence of cerebral dysfunction patients with IS are able to utilize of the individual breathing reserve like normals when stimulated with co the eeg and the vc show a negative correlation this may possibly be due to a compensation of the preexisting CBF dysfunction vc however decreases during the natural course of disease no significant correlation could be found between coindex and the angle of scoliosis indicating the absence of a causal relation between the degree of deformation itself and the CF of the center of respiratory regulation | MEDAL |
the uptake and CSD of two iv anaesthetics agents thiopentone and althesin were studied in mice with normal and subnormal nutritional states the results show that following the administration of thiopentone the induction time was signficantly shorter and that the sleeping time was significantly longer following the administration of althesin and thiopentone in mice that have low net protein utilization and decreased total and dry body mass the increase in the sleeping time in these undernourished mice was times greater for althesin and times greater for thiopentone when compared with WN mice | MEDAL |
AMKL is a relatively rare form of acute leukemia that has heterogeneous blast morphology and karyotypic CA an monthold boy with a RP mass was diagnosed as having acute megakaryoblastic leukemia that initially presented as small round cell tumor of childhood BMA showed syncytial groups of atypical medium sized cells with scant cytoplasm and fine nuclear chromatin RP mass biopsy showed several CL nodes with cohesive clusters of neoplastic cells that demonstrated expression of factor viii flow cytometric analysis of the second bone marrow aspiration showed cd positivity karyotypic analysis of bone marrow cells showed a novel translocation qp | MEDAL |
upon presentation of a calorically dense diet rats display hyperphagia driven by increased meal size the increased MS and hyperphagia are most robust across the first several days of diet SE before changes in body weight are evident thus it is plausible that one of the factors that drives the hyperphagia may be enhanced orosensory responsivity here EP responses to an array of taste stimuli were recorded from the chorda tympani nerve a CB of the facial nerve that innervates taste receptors in the anterior tongue of rats presented a highenergy fat and sucrose diet for days responses in the highenergy diet group were significantly higher for and m sucrose m nasaccharin and m quinine compared with those of chowfed controls another cohort of animals was tested in min briefaccess taste sessions s trials to a SU concentration series across the first days of highenergy diet presentation both groups responded in a concentrationdependent manner no significant group differences in unconditioned licking or trials initiated were revealed results from a third cohort of rats showed that responses to sucrose in a briefaccess taste test also remained largely unchanged as a CF of day access to a sucrose solution taken together these findings suggest that days of highenergy diet SE results in alterations to IP gustatory signaling yet these changes do not necessarily generalize to changes in responsiveness to SU as least as measured in this procedure | MEDAL |
biodegradable bridged silsesquioxane bs nanomaterials for twophotonexcited tpe imaging and therapy of breast cancer cells were described a versatile synthesis was developed to design monodisperse tetraalkoxysilylated diaminodiphenylbutadiene or znporphyrinbased nanospheres of to nm | MEDAL |
the effects of guanine nucleotides and protein kinase c on prolactinstimulated ca PR from intracellular stores of pig oocytes were studied using the fluorescent dye chlorotetracycline the effect of prolactin was related to the protein kinase c activation inhibition of protein kinase c stimulated ca PR from intracellular stores of the pig oocytes treated with ngml prolactin in the presence of extracellular ca and inhibited ca PR from intracellular stores of the pig oocytes treated with ngml prolactin in a cafree medium prolactin did not stimulate ca PR from intracellular stores of the oocytes treated with gdp in the presence of gdp gtp inhibition of protein kinase c G1 ca PR from intracellular stores of the pig oocytes treated with ngml prolactin and inhibited ca PR from intracellular stores of the pig oocytes treated with ngml prolactin these data suggest the influence of GN and protein kinase c on calcium metabolism stimulated by prolactin | MEDAL |
four experiments were conducted with heifers in an attempt to develop a sterilization vaccine by AS immunization against prostaglandin f alpha pgf alpha and to evaluate feedlot performance following immunization against the combination of pgf alpha and Es the objectives were development of a pgf alphaovalbumin conjugate that would induce antibody formation when used with CFA cfa comparison of cfa with other adjuvants in relation to pgf alpha antibody binding and maintenance of the corpus luteum examination of growth performance in immunized heifers against both FP and E(2) and evaluation of sterilization in pgf alphaimmunized heifers maintained with bulls a pgf alphaovalbumin conjugate was developed that resulted in antibody production against pgf alpha although antibody IB was quite low the antibody response in heifers was higher in exp i and ii than in exp iii and iv p less than complete freunds adjuvant was the best adjuvant in inducing antibody formation compared with all other adjuvants tested p less than CL cl CF was maintained for mo and ovulation was apparently blocked in exp i the results of exp ii confirmed those of exp i fewer than half of the heifers in exp iii and iv had prolonged estrous cycles in exp iv immunized heifers became sterile for at least mo when kept with bulls although the success rate was only the low C2 of antibody titers to pgf alpha in exp iii and iv may be the reason for the failure to maintain cl function in some heifersabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
surgery to correct a structural heart valve problem can restore sinus rhythm in approximately onefifth of patients with atrial fibrillation af and the addition of a maze procedure will increase this proportion evidence shows that the maze procedure may restore atrial function in some patients and may have beneficial effects on PET PS and prognosis the role of the maze procedure as an isolated treatment for lone af in the context of HF with no structurally correctable cause is unknown future progress will determine the AGA indications for treatment and the risks and benefits of any MI | MEDAL |
this laboratory previously described a method for scoring the incidence of peripheral blood piga mutant phenotype rat erythrocytes using IMS in conjunction with flow cytometric analysis in vivo mutaflow® the current work extends the method to mouse blood using the frequency of cdnegative reticulocytes retcd and erythrocytes rbccd as phenotypic reporters of piga gene mutation following assay optimization reconstruction experiments demonstrated the ability of the methodology to return expected values subsequently the responsiveness of the CA to the genotoxic carcinogens nethylnnitrosourea benzoapyrene and ethyl carbamate was studied in male cd mice exposed for days to several dose C2 via p.o. blood samples were collected on day for micronucleated reticulocyte analyses and on days and for determination of retcd and rbccd frequencies the same design was used to study Py with BP as a concurrent positive control and methyl carbamate with ethyl carbamate as a concurrent positive control the three genotoxicants produced marked doserelated increases in the frequencies of piga mutant phenotype cells and micronucleated reticulocytes ethyl carbamate SE resulted in moderately higher micronucleated reticulocyte frequencies relative to nethylnnitrosourea or benzoapyrene mean ± sem ± ± and ± respectively vs an aggregate VH control frequency of ± however it was considerably less ERP at inducing piga mutant cells eg day mean no retcd per million reticulocytes ± ± and ± à respectively vs an aggregate VH control frequency of ± à Py and methyl carbamate tested to maximum tolerated dose or limit dose C2 had no effect on mutant cell or micronucleated reticulocyte frequencies collectively these results demonstrate the utility of the crossspecies piga and micronucleated reticulocyte assays and add further support to the value of studying both endpoints in order to cover two distinct genotoxic modes of action | MEDAL |
reproductive performance was evaluated after CS for uterine adenomyoma in a prospective observational study twentyeight women with histologically proven adenomyomas had CS in the period eighteen patients wanting children were regularly followed for a mean sd period of months crude and cumulative PRs were calculated T3 the T0 thirteen women conceived for a total of pregnancies nine ended in term deliveries seven in spontaneous abortions one in ectopic pregnancy and one in a preterm delivery with neonatal death the CPR at months of followup was this analysis of a small series indicates that conservative surgery for adenomyomas is associated with a good reproductive prognosis | MEDAL |
the study aimed to investigate the potential relationships between guillainbarré syndrome gbs and cerebral hemorrhage | MEDAL |
in a case review over a nineyear period patients were referred to the university hospital with a variety of ABD PS related to the gastrointestinal tract were found to have diverticular disease of the colon in a retrospective evaluation of consecutive barium enemas performed at the same institute in patients aged to years in a threeyear period to colonic diverticula were found in patients giving incidence of per cent all positive enemas for diverticulosis in this group occurred in patients over the age of years | MEDAL |
the cerebellar purkinje cells in the hemizygote of the macular mutant mouse contain numerous abnormal mitochondria which show a marked decrease in cytochrome c oxidase activity using histochemical methods we studied the activity of other mitochondrial enzymes such as nadh diaphorase and succinic dehydrogenase in the cerebellar cortex of this mutant mouse such MICs were markedly increased in the purkinje cells especially in the soma and stem dendrite from days T3 birth in the hemizygote as compared with findings in normal littermates these results were considered to be due to an increased number of abnormal mitochondria | MEDAL |
escherichia coli is a noncarotenogenic bacterium that could synthesize farnesyl pyrophosphate precursor through the isoprenoid pathway carotenoid production in e coli requires rat expression of carotenoid synthesis genes the carotenoid synthesis operons are assembled from genes isolated from carotenogenic bacterial sources expression of the different operons yields different carotenoid titers the operons containing the idi gene give more than fivefold higher carotenoid titers than the operons lacking the idi gene the carotenoid modification genes encoding ketolases and hydroxylases are incorporated into the operons for canthaxanthin and astaxanthin production the ketolases and hydroxylases from different bacterial sources produce astaxanthin of different purity relative to the total carotenoids expression of the ketolases and hydroxylases closer to the promoter appears to give higher astaxanthin purity than expression farther from the promoter at the end of the operons balanced expression of ketolases and hydroxylases is critical to achieve high astaxanthin purity here we describe methods to assemble carotenoid biosynthesis operons from carotenogenic gene clusters isolated from different bacterial sources and evaluate canthaxanthin or astaxanthin production in e coli | MEDAL |
vulvar intraepithelial neoplasias are difficult to eradicate CR without extensive surgical intervention cidofovir a deoxycytidine monophosphate analog may have a therapeutic role in this disease a yearold woman with a year history of genital warts presented with extensive vulvar IEL neoplasia iii and refused surgical resection topical CDV in beeler base completely eradicated the lesion successive treatment applications however were necessary cidofovir is a promising topical antiviral compound for hpv induced vulvar IEL neoplasia | MEDAL |
phagocytosis is critical to tissue homeostasis as highlighted by phagocytosis defect of retinal pigment epithelial rpe cells with debris accumulation photoreceptor degeneration and blindness phagocytosis ligands are the key to delineating molecular mechanisms and PET roles of phagocytes but are traditionally identified in individual cases with technical challenges we recently developed open reading frame phage display opd for phagocytosisbased functional cloning pfc to identify unknown ligands one of the identified ligands was ly antibody reactive clone lyar with functions poorly defined herein we characterized lyar as a new ligand to stimulate rpe phagocytosis in contrast to its reported nucleolar expression immunohistochemistry showed that lyar was highly expressed in photoreceptor outer segments poss of the retina cytoplasmic lyar was released from AI cells and selectively bound to shed poss and apoptotic cells but not healthy cells pos vesicles engulfed through lyardependent pathway were targeted to phagosomes and colocalized with phagosome marker rab these results suggest that lyar is a genuine rpe phagocytosis ligand which in turn supports the validity of opdpfc as the only available approach for unbiased identification of phagocytosis ligands with broad applicability to various phagocytes | MEDAL |
we report a case of vaginal reconstruction using a flap from UB in a young girl this girl was born with cloacal malformation and hemivaginas connected to the UB repeated urinary tract infection and vesicoureteral reflux were noted at the age of months she received posterior sagittal anorectoplasty for rectum pullthrough but the urogenital part was not corrected she had repeated urinary tract infection detrusor areflexia and large bladder volume were demonstrated by CMG cystoscopy showed a common channel longer than cm urogenital reconstruction was performed at months of age a part of the urinary bladder wall which was connected to the vaginas was used to lengthen the vagina so that the latter was able to pull down to the perineum the patient received vaginal dilatation and intermittent catheterization after the surgery | MEDAL |
in this report we have raised the question whether genotoxic carcinogens are more potent than nongenotoxic carcinogens when studied in LT carcinogenicity assays in rodents to build a large database of EDC for which both carcinogenicity and genotoxicity had been investigated we have used a DB produced by gold and coworkers for TD50 data chemicals and a DB produced by würgler for genotoxicity data chemicals considering EDC positive or negative in at least three shortterm tests and in at least of available tests we could define genotoxic carcinogens and nongenotoxic carcinogens carcinogenic potency of genotoxic carcinogens was about times higher than carcinogenic potency of nongenotoxic carcinogens our results are different from the results of tennant et al their DB genotoxic carcinogens and nongenotoxic carcinogens compatible with our definition seems to suggest that there is practically no difference in potency between genotoxic and nongenotoxic carcinogens the two databases have only four compounds in common and are also different in terms of number of elements for different chemical classes nitrosocompounds nitrogen mustards hydrazine derivatives and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are not represented in the database of tennant the overall impression from our analysis is that the usefulness of shortterm tests of genotoxicity could be significantly better than what has been suggested by the previous work of tennant et al because these tests tend to detect at least for many important chemical classes the most potent carcinogens this consideration may not be valid for certain classes of chemicals | MEDAL |
we present a case of a healthy yearold woman who presented for a capsule endoscopy to evaluate melaena and iron deficiency anaemia she had previously underwent an oesophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy at an outside institution which were unremarkable CE showed an ulcerated bleeding lesion likely in the duodenum differential diagnosis included adenocarcinoma carcinoid tumour lymphoma gastrointestinal stromal tumour and M1 a push enteroscopy was performed T3 which showed an ulcerated mass in the third portion of the duodenum biopsies confirmed adenocarcinoma computed tomography of the abdomen showed no signs of distant metastasis and the patient was referred to surgery for DUE the patient underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy with resection of the mass and negative lymph NO in all nine that were removed tn the patient was classified as stage ii duodenal adenocarcinoma DU adenocarcinoma is a rare but clinically significant cause of SB bleeding | MEDAL |
we report an unusual case of bilateral chronic conjunctivitis and corneal scarring in a boy with xlinked hypogammaglobulinaemia xlh who did not respond to the usual antibacterial and antiviral therapy an immunofluorescence test for chlamydia trachomatis from an eye swab was strongly positive within days of commencement of local and systemic tetracycline therapy he showed marked improvement since conjunctival follicle formation which depends on the presence of a bcell population may not occur in xlh clinical examination in CT conjunctivitis may be misleading and lead to a delay in diagnosis and treatment with resulting corneal complications unless laboratory evidence of CT infection is specifically sought | MEDAL |
the interaction of sendai virus glycoproteins with cell CM was proposed to increase the lateral mobility of membrane proteins enabling membrane fusion and the aggregation of intramembrane particles by thermotropic separation volsky dj loyter a biochim biophys acta maeda t et al exp cell res and kim j okada y exp cell res in order to test this hypothesis we employed fluorescence photobleaching REC to investigate the effects of sendai virusinduced F0 on the lateral mobility of membrane proteins and lipids in a variety of cell types human erythrocytes bhk hela t nih and mouse SP lymphocytes the results of the lateral DWI measurements demonstrate that no significant alterations occur in the lateral motion of membrane proteins or a fluorescent phospholipid on all the cell types examined including cells which revealed high susceptibility to the virally mediated fusion human erythrocytes and bhk cells these findings suggest that a permanent increase in the lateral mobility of cell surface components does not generally occur during sendai virusinduced cell fusion and thus cannot play a role in the fusion mechanism the possible involvement of transient alterations in the lateral mobility of membrane components in the F0 mechanism is discussed | MEDAL |
we studied the effects of inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis on fetal PLB movements on occasions in lambs gestational age days we gave h infusions of sodium mechlofenamate mgkg in studies and indomethacin mgkg in four studies results were similar with both agents and did not correlate with drug dosage there were no changes in fetal arterial blood pressure ph or blood gas tensions we assessed fetal PLB movements by measurements of tracheal pressure for a control period of h prior to and h during the infusion of inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis their administration caused a marked stimulation of FB movements judged from the following four variables incidence of fetal breathing movements increased from to of the time p average amplitude of NC in tracheal pressure during fetal PLB movements increased from to torr p MA of change in tracheal pressure during fetal breathing movements increased from to torr p and the duration of the longest continuous episode of fetal breathing movements increased from to min p two fetuses had electrocorticogram ecog recordings in control periods FB movements occurred only during low Vc high frequency ecog activity however during infusions of inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis FB movements occurred also during HV low frequency ecog activity we conclude that inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis stimulate fetal PLB movement in fetal sheep these results suggest that a component of the prostaglandin system is a factor which inhibits PLB movements during fetal life | MEDAL |
we have studied the orientation of neurite growth in the culture of embryonic xenopus neurons in response to three types of extracellular EFs spatially uniform pulsed fields focally applied steady dc fields and focally applied pulsed fields under uniform pulsed fields neurites showed a preferential orientation toward the cathode pole of the field in a manner similar to that previously found for dc fields the extent of neurite orientation depended upon the duration amplitude and frequency of the PP but appeared to be similar to that produced by a uniform dc field of an equivalent timeaveraged field intensity for square pulses of msec duration the minimal amplitude and frequency required to produce a detectable orientation of neurite grownd of the stage rnu contains an electrondense material in an enlarged intercellular space and the cells make nonjunctional contact with the archinephric duct the larval cells of the latter structure are either lost during degeneration and desquamation or are transformed into AD cells by the end of stage replication of basal bodies and formation of cilia has resulted in the appearance of a ciliated neck segment while numerous MV extending into a narrow lumen mark the position of the proximal segment furthermore most of the distal portion of the newly formed tubule possesses a lumen containing a compact mass of material likely secreted by the cells during lumen formation this presumptive distal segment terminates in the transforming epithelium of the archinephric duct as a presumptive connecting or collecting segment fully differentiated neck and proximal segments are present in stage with the latter having a CR apparatus for endocytosis but the distal segment shows only early signs of differentiation of the smooth tubular network this network appears to arise as an expanded SA of the plasma membrane stage is characterized by elongation of the PT portion of the tubule expansion of the tubular network in distal cells and the identification of a collecting segment the last two stages show no further major differentiation of the segments the early differentiation of tubular segments in the AD lamprey nephron likely reflects the immediate physiological needs of this organism as the larval kidney undergoes regression the potential of the developing kidney of AD lampreys as a source of information on morphogenesis of microvilli the endocytotic apparatus mitochondria and a smooth tubular network is discussed it appears that the archinephric duct and nonnephrogenic mesenchyme may play some role in tubulogenesis in lampreys | MEDAL |
we describe a model of hostparasite coevolution where the interaction depends on the investments by the host in its immune response and by the parasite in its ability to suppress or evade its hosts immune response we base our model on the interaction between malaria parasites and their mosquito hosts and thus describe the epidemiological dynamics with the macdonaldross equation of malaria epidemiology the qualitative predictions of the model are most sensitive to the cost of the immune response and to the intensity of transmission if transmission is weak or the cost of immunity is low the system evolves to a coevolutionarily stable equilibrium at intermediate C2 of investment and generally at a low frequency of resistance at a higher cost of immunity and as transmission intensifies the system is not evolutionarily stable but rather cycles around intermediate C2 of investment at more intense transmission neither host nor parasite invests any resources in dominating its partner so that no resistance is observed in the population these results may help to explain the lack of encapsulated malaria parasites generally observed in natural populations of mosquito vectors despite strong selection pressure for resistance in areas of very intense transmission | MEDAL |
five tests of autonomic function were evaluated in a group of twentyfive diabetics the VR proved to be the most valuable single indicator of generalised autonomic dysfunction whilst the blood pressure response to SHG the pupillary response to a dilute solution of methacholine and the fall in blood pressure on standing all proved to be less valuable as indices of AN either when considered individually or when taken together the CPT was shown to be of no value in the assessment of patients with autonomic neuropathy it is suggested that of those examined the valsalva procedure is the most valuable simple outpatient test for autonomic neuropathy | MEDAL |
aqueous biphasic systems abs using ionic liquids ils offer an alternative RPA for the SE REC and purification of biomolecules through their partitioning between two aqueous liquid phases in this work the ability of a wide range of ils to form abs with aqueous solutions of na co was evaluated the abs formed by il water na co were determined at °c and the respective solubility curves tielines and tieline lengths are reported the studied ils share the common chloride anion allowing the il cation core the cation isomerism the presence ural parameters of the formation and clusterization of aliphatic alcohols cnhnoh noh at k at the wateralkane vapor cnhn nch interface were calculated the dependencies of enthalpy entropy and gibbs SE of clusterization per one monomer molecule of d films on the alkyl chain length of corresponding alcohols and alkanes the molar fraction of alkanes in the monolayers and the immersion degree of alcohol molecules into the water phase were shown to be linear or stepwise the threshold of spontaneous clusterization of aliphatic alcohols at the wateralkane vapor interface was carbon atoms at k which is in line with experimental data at the airwater interface it is shown that the presence of alkane vapor does not influence the process of alcohol ML formation the structure of these monolayers is analogous to those obtained at the airwater interface in PA with exp data the inclusion of alkane molecules into the amphiphilic ML at the wateralkane vapor interface is possible for amphiphiles with the spontaneous clusterization threshold at the airwater interface ns of at least methylene units in the alkyl chain and it does not depend on the molar fraction of alkanes in the corresponding monolayer the inclusion of alkanes from the vapor phase into the amphiphilic monolayer also requires that the difference between the alkyl chain lengths of alcohols and alkanes is not larger than ns and ns for the d film and d film respectively | MEDAL |
in this T0 we profile free oxo sterols present in plasma from patients affected with the neurodegenerative disorder of sterol and bile acid metabolism CTX ctx utilizing a combination of chargetagging and lcesimsn performed with an ltqorbitrap discovery SF-36 in addition we profile sterols in plasma from monthold cypa gene KO mice lacking the enzyme defective in ctx chargetagging was accomplished by reaction with cationic girards p gp reagent carboxymethyl pyridinium chloride hydrazide an approach uniquely suited to studying the oxo sterols that accumulate in ctx as girards reagent reacts with the sterol oxo moiety to form charged hydrazone derivatives the ability to selectively generate gptagged oxoene and oxoh saturated plasma sterols enabled esimsn analysis of these sterols in the presence of a C1 excess orders of magnitude of cholesterol often cholesterol detected in biological samples makes it challenging to quantify minor sterols with cholesterol frequently removed prior to analysis we derivatized plasma μl without spe removal of cholesterol to ensure detection of all sterols present in plasma we were able to measure cholestenone in plasma from untreated ctx patients ± ngml mean±sd n as well as other intermediates in a proposed pathway to αcholestanol in addition a number of bile acid precursors were identified in plasma using this technique gptagged sterols were identified utilizing high resolution exact mass spectra ± ppm as well as ms mâ spectra that possessed characteristic neutral loss of da pyridine fragment ions and ms mâmâ spectra that provided additional structurally informative fragment ions | MEDAL |
with modern imaging systems like US and computertomography it is mostly not possible to identify adenomas of the isletcellapparatus of the pancreas these tumours are mostly too small to deform the contours of the pancreas but because of their intense vascularisation they can be well diagnosed by angiography in form of selective coeliacography mesentericography or superselective angiography of the pancreaticoduodenal artery this invasive method is not only necessary to confirm the tentative diagnosis of an adenoma but also important for its localisation which is essential for surgery | MEDAL |
sleep disturbance is associated with inflammation and related disorders including cardiovascular disease arthritis and diabetes mellitus given sex differences in the prevalence of inflammatory disorders with stronger associations in females this study was undertaken to test the effects of sleep loss on cellular mechanisms that contribute to Th1 cytokine activity in healthy adults females males mo intracellular proinflammatory cytokine production was repeatedly assessed at and h during a baseline period and T3 partial sleep deprivation awake from to h in the morning after a night of sleep loss mo production of interleukin il and TN factoralpha TNF differentially changed between the two sexes whereas both females and males showed a marked increase in the lipopolysaccharide lps stimulated production of il and tnfalpha in the morning immediately after psd production of these cytokines during the early and late evening was increased in the females as compared to decreases in the males sleep loss induces a functional alteration of monocyte proinflammatory cytokine responses with females showing greater cellular immune activation as compared to changes in males these results have implications for understanding the role of sleep disturbance in the differential risk profile for inflammatory disorders between the sexes | MEDAL |
in silico transcriptome mining is a powerful tool for crustacean peptidome prediction using homologybased blast searches and a simple bioinformatics workflow C1 peptidomes have recently been predicted for a variety of crustaceans including the lobster homarus americanus interestingly no in silico studies have been conducted on the eyestalk ganglia lamina ganglionaris medulla externa medulla interna and medulla terminalis of the lobster although the eyestalk is the location of a L1 neuroendocrine complex ie the xorgansinus gland system here an h americanus eyestalk gangliaspecific transcriptome was produced using the de novo assembler trinity this transcriptome was generated from illumina reads and consists of unique contigs eightynine neuropeptideencoding transcripts were identified from this dataset allowing for the deduction of distinct prepreprohormones two hundred sixtytwo neuropeptides were predicted from this set of precursors the peptides include members of the adipokinetic hormonecorazoninlike peptide allatostatin a allatostatin b allatostatin c bursicon α cchamide corazonin crustacean cardioactive peptide CHH chh chh precursorrelated peptide diuretic hormone diuretic hormone eclosion hormone elevenin fmrfamidelike peptide glycoprotein hormone α glycoprotein hormone β gseflamide intocin leucokinin MIH myosuppressin neuroparsin NPF orcokinin orcomyotropin pigment dispersing hormone proctolin pyrokinin red pigment concentrating hormone ryamide short neuropeptide f sifamide sulfakinin tachykininrelated peptide and trissin families the predicted MMP expand the h americanus eyestalk ganglia neuropeptidome approximately fold and include peptides new to the lobster the transcriptome and predicted neuropeptidome described here provide new resources for investigating peptidergic signaling withinfrom the lobster eyestalk ganglia | MEDAL |
endrin is carcinogenic for rats and most likely also for mice and dogs endrin caused significant incidences of malignant neoplasms at all sites in one study female rats were susceptible to the development of neoplasms of the endocrine organs particularly carcinomas of the adrenal and pituitary glands as well as neoplasms of the reproductive system in other studies female rats tended to have carcinomas of the endocrine system the MG and reproductive system and male and female rats lymphomas rats developed unusual malignant neoplasms such as kupffer cell sarcomas of the CL and sarcomas of the MG uterus and stomach there also were toxic changes particularly in male rats ingesting endrin these lesions included interstitial fibrosis of the kidney polyarteritis of the mesenteric pancreatic and other arteries and atrophy of the testes such lesions generally interfere with the health of the rats and with the development of neoplasms dog receiving endrin for two years had bone marrow PH lesions of the TG and lesions of the skeletal muscle and hyperplasias or neoplasms of other organs one female dog had an early carcinoma of the thyroid gland mice ingesting endrin developed increased incidences of carcinomas of the liver and sarcomas of the uterus | MEDAL |
endothelin has steroidogenic activity in adrenal glomerulosa cells as do two other vasoconstrictor peptides angiotensin ii and vasopressin the steroidogenic activities of angiotensin ii and vasopressin are probably mediated via the phosphatidylinositolturnover pathway and associated changes in cytosolic ca concentration endothelin caused a steroidogenic response which was small compared with that to angiotensin ii and quantitatively similar to the vasopressin response [Ca2+]i responses were similarly higher to angiotensin ii than to either of the other two MMP however total inositol phosphate responses to endothelin and angiotensin ii were similar when these were measured over min and were quantitatively greater than the vasopressin response a detailed T0 has been made of the phosphatidylinositolturnover response to endothelin in comparison with responses to angiotensin ii and vasopressin each of the three peptides produced a rapid and transient rise in insp max s followed by a slow sustained rise insp was metabolized by both dephosphorylation and phosphorylation pathways but the relative importance of the two metabolic pathways was different under stimulation by each of the three peptides these findings show that adrenal glomerulosa cells can distinguish between the stimulation of phosphatidylinositol turnover by three different effectors these differences in the pathway may be associated with the observed different steroidogenic and ca responses to the three MMP | MEDAL |
the use of electrotransfer for dna delivery to prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells in vitro has been well known and widely used for many years however it is only recently that electric fields have been used to enhance dna transfer to animal cells in vivo and this is known as dna electrotransfer or in vivo dna electroporation some of the advantages of this method of somatic cell gene transfer are that it is a simple method that can be used to transfer almost any dna construct to animal cells and tissues in vivo multiple constructs can be cotransfected it is equally applicable to dividing and nondividing cells the dna of interest does not need to be subcloned into a TPS viral transfer vector and there is no need for the production of high titre viral stocks and as no viral genes are expressed there is less chance of an adverse immunologic reaction to vector sequences the ease with which efficient in vivo gene transfer can be achieved with in vivo dna electrotransfer is now allowing genetic analysis to be applied to a number of classic animal MM systems where transgenic and embryonic stem cell techniques are not well developed but for which a wealth of detailed descriptive embryological information is available or surgical manipulation is much more feasible as well as exciting applications in developmental biology in vivo dna electrotransfer is also being used to transfer genes to skeletal muscle and drive expression of therapeutically AS proteins and to examine exogenous gene and protein function in normal AD cells situated within the complex environment of a tissue and organ system in vivo thus in effect providing the in vivo equivalent of the in vitro transient transfection assay as the widespread use of in EP has really only just begun it is likely that the future will hold many more applications for this technology in basic research biotechnology and clinical research Az | MEDAL |
incorporation of ssulphate hglucose and hserine into glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans of embryonicchicken sternum was measured in vitro in incubation medium containing methylumbelliferyl betadxyloside or pnitrophenyl betadxyloside at low concentrations and in the absence of inhibitors of protein synthesis incorporation of sulphate was decreased by in incubations in which mmmethylumbelliferyl betaxyloside or mmpnitrophenyl betaxyloside was present under these conditions serum factors stimulated incorporation to only a small extent when the concentration of the xyloside was decreased tenfold incorporation of sulphate was inhibited by but when NHS or ltriiodothyronine or both were also added to the incubation medium incorporation was markedly stimulated experiments in which ssulphate and hglucose were incorporated simultaneously and enzymic analysis of glycosaminoglycans formed in such experiments indicated that chondroitin sulphate formed in the presence of mmmethylumbelliferyl betaxyloside contained less sulphate than did chondrotin sulphate synthesized in the absence of xylosides similar experiments with hserine instead of hglucose suggested also a decrease in chain length of the CS this was confirmed by direct gel filtration of labelled glycosaminoglycans on a calibrated column incorporation of hglucose or hserine was stimulated by SS and triiodothyronine in parallel with incorporation of sulphate the changes seen in the total chondroitin sulphate were mirrored in the major proteoglycan fraction purified by isopycnic centrifugation of saltextracted proteoglycans the labelling pattern of CS from this proteoglycan indicated that decreased sulphation of chondroitin sulphate was largely due to the inferior ability of short polysaccharide chains to accept sulphate with some direct interference with transfer of sulphate to all chains the results also suggested that the action of serum factors on synthesis of proteochondroitin sulphate is exercised at the level of either protein synthesis or transport to the CS of initiation of polysaccharide synthesis | MEDAL |
upon implementation of the affordable care act aca many MC organizations mcos initially increased their nurse practitioner np contracting this trend has not continued potentially frustrating aca efforts to expand primary care provider capacity in this T0 about of the responding mcos did not contract with nps as primary care providers only of respondent mcos offering medicaid products reported contracting with nps as PCPs suggesting this will place a disproportionate burden on lowincome patients seeking to access care findings from this T0 also have important geographic implications suggesting the decision to contract with nps is made individually not necessarily influenced by the numbers of newly insured or available PC physicians | MEDAL |
glial cells isolated from the NS are sensitive to neurotransmitters and may therefore be involved in synaptic transmission the sensitivity of individual PSCs to activity of a single synapse was investigated in situ at the frog neuromuscular junction by monitoring changes in intracellular ca in the schwann cells motor nerve stimulation induced an increase in intracellular ca in these SCs this increase was greatly reduced when transmitter PR was blocked furthermore local application of the cotransmitters acetylcholine and atp evoked ca responses even in the absence of extracellular ca successive trains of nerve stimuli or applications of transmitters resulted in progressively smaller ca responses we conclude that transmitter released during synaptic activity can evoke PR of intracellular ca in perisynaptic schwann cells this ca signal may play a role in the maintenance or modulation of a synapse these data show that synaptic transmission involves three cellular components with both postsynaptic and glial components responding to transmitter secretion | MEDAL |
intragastric ph was measured continuously from to hours the following day in DU and in eight gastric ulcer patients all of whom had been admitted as emergencies with acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage the effects of intravenous cimetidine or ranitidine were compared with no treatment in patients with DU ulcer median intragastric ph was range in the group receiving no treatment in the cimetidine group mg hourly n median ph was range and T3 RAN mg hourly n it was range the ph remained above for of the recording time with cimetidine with RAN and for only with PL i.g. ph in gastric ulcer patients without treatment was higher median range than in DU with treatment both h antagonists raised i.g. ph in patients with gastric ulcer and maintained a gastric ph of greater than for at least of the time presently recommended iv doses of cimetidine and ranitidine do not consistently maintain gastric ph above for long periods in patients with PU one | MEDAL |
the aim of our study was to determine whether the site of intrarenal doppler measurement influences diagnosis of renal artery stenosis in an experimental test three sheep with VL degrees of renal artery stenosis were investigated in each animal the resistive index from renal segmental arteries correlated better with mean pressure gradient r and had lower standard deviation s to than resistive index from interlobar arteries r s to in two animals the difference was significant rho p or p p or sigma p or p or p or for detecting renal i.a. stenosis vessels within the renal sinus should be used for doppler sampling | MEDAL |
nutritionally induced changes in growth hormone gh and igfi are associated with decreased ovarian function and may partially explain infertility and anestrus in undernourished cattle the reproductive importance of gh and igfi was tested in cattle with a gh receptor deficiency ghrd that have reduced blood igfi blood was collected daily for plasma and ovaries were examined daily by ultrasonography for wk during an estrous cycle estrus d in ghrd n and control n cattle on d blood samples were collected every min for h to measure lh the ghrd cattle had fewer small antral ovarian follicles to mm p T3 estrous cycle d the firstwave DF stopped growing in ghrd but continued growing in controls p size of the cl was equivalent for ghrd and controls until d T3 which cl development slowed in ghrd p likewise plasma progesterone concentrations were less in ghrd p during the luteal phase ghrd cattle failed to develop follicles greater than mm in diameter endocrine status x day p size and rate of growth of preovulatory follicles plasma estradiol plasma fsh and plasma lh d bleed were similar in ghrd and controls in conclusion an important role for gh gh receptor and igfi in ovarian function was supported because ghrd cattle had distinctly different patterns of ovarian OD compared with control cattle | MEDAL |
a yearold man born in chiba prefecture was admitted to our hospital because of multiple nodular shadows on chest xray film and an elevated titer of HTLV-III type i htlvi antibody the pulmonary lesion was diagnosed as TCL by open lung biopsy there has been only one previous report of TCL showing multiple nodular shadows on chest xray the elevated titer of htlvi antibody strongly suggested that the present case was one of adult tcell lymphoma | MEDAL |
we report cases of neonatal V1 thrombosis treated with the same protocol for recombinant tissuetype plasminogen activator infusion flow restoration was CR in seven patients partial in seven and absent in two safety was satisfactory provided contraindications were respected | MEDAL |
this new conference on psychiatric drug research was organised by the strategic research institute and was chaired by p mcgonigle wyeth research usa and d schoepp eli lilly usa the day meeting featured presentations from an international assembly of industrial and academic experts who have significantly contributed to the current body of knowledge in the field of psychotherapeutics d weinberger nimh usa gave an elegant keynote lecture on the application of genomics in psychopharmacology other presentations covered the latest technological advances animal models and mechanistic approaches utilised in drug discovery for neuropsychiatric disorders and reviewed the current status of numerous novel targets resulting from these strategies | MEDAL |
microbiologic confirmation of pulmonary tuberculosis among patients whose sputum smear is negative is increasingly important because of greater incidence among immunocompromised hosts and emergence of DR strains we prospectively compared sputum induction to fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of such patients consecutive patients referred for investigation of possible active pulmonary tuberculosis underwent sputum induction with hypertonic saline delivered by an ultrasonic nebulizer between and h before transnasal fiberoptic bronchoscopy all specimens were examined for acidfast bacilli with fluorescent microscopy and cultured for mycobacteria clinical information was abstracted from patient records and xrays were reviewed by two blinded readers among participants SI was welltolerated without complications and provided adequate samples in sensitivity of direct acidfast bacilli smear of specimens from both techniques was low sensitivity and negative predictive value of SC from bronchoscopy specimens was and compared with and respectively for sputum induction when a specimen was obtained direct costs for bronchoscopy totaled canadian compared with canadian for SI sputum induction was welltolerated lowcost and provided the same if not better diagnostic yield compared with bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of smearnegative pulmonary tuberculosis | MEDAL |
enterocytes in the small intestinal mucosa contain abundant quantities of two homologous cytosolic proteins known as intestinal and liver fatty acidbinding proteins i and lfabp respectively to elucidate structurefunction relationships for these proteins the interactions between cenriched palmitate and oleate and escherichia coliexpressed rat i and lfabp were systematically compared using c nmr spectroscopy nmr spectra of samples containing fatty acids fa and ifabp at different molar ratios all at ph and degrees c exhibited a single carboxyl resonance corresponding to fa bound to ifabp ppm peak i and an additional carboxyl resonance corresponding to unbound fa in a bilayer phase ppm peak i reached a maximum intensity corresponding to mol of bound famol of ifabp under all sample conditions examined nmr spectra for samples containing fa and lfabp also exhibited a single carboxyl resonance corresponding to fa bound to lfabp but at a different CS value ppm peak l its maximum intensity varied depending on the physical state of the unbound fa liquid crystalline or crystalline the fa used palmitate or oleate and the sample ph in the presence of a LC bilayer phase up to oleate or palmitate mol of fa were boundmol of lfabp but in the presence of a crystalline phase acidsoap up to mol of palmitate were boundmol of lfabp all at ph peak i exhibited little or no ionization shift over a wide ph range ph and its chemical shift was unaffected by the ionization of lys and his residues hence the carboxylate group of fa bound to ifabp was solvent inaccessible and most likely involved in an ionpair electrostatic interaction with the deltaguanidinium moiety of an arg residue in contrast peak l exhibited an ionization shift and an estimated apparent pka value similar to that obtained for monomeric fa in water suggesting that the carboxylate groups of fa bound to lfabp were solvent accessible and located at or near the protein solvent interface with decreasing ph fa dissociated from lfabp but not ifabp as monitored by nmr peak intensities concurrently a C1 decrease in circular dichroism molar ellipticity was observed with lfabp but not ifabp in conclusion ifabp and lfabp are distinct with regards to their fabinding stoichiometries binding mechanisms and sensitivity to phabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
large amounts of chlorosilanes especially sicl and chsicl are produced as sideproducts of the industrial fabrication of solar or electronic grade Si and the müllerrochow process it was a goal of the present T0 to transform these EDC into useful chlorinefree precursors for sicn ceramics via a solgel analogous liquid processing route chlorine substitution of the chlorosilanes mixtures with diethylamine did not yield chlorinefree products complete reactions are only possible with lithium diethylamide however aminolyses with npropylamine were successful transamination with ammonia was not possible with diethylaminosilanes but was with npropylaminosilanes in various solvents this result was attributed to steric reasons and polar interactions of the nh groups colourless solid or liquid polysilazanes were obtained depending on the silane mixture and the solvent transamination reactions of chsinhnpr in chloroform reproducibly yielded a cagelike oligosilazane of the composition chsinhn single crystal xray structure analysis revealed a sevencyclic cluster containing four six and three tenmembered silazane rings this unique silazane cage as well as the other aminosilanes and the silazanes were comprehensively characterised using multinuclear solid state and solution nmr elemental analyses and thermal gravimetry tga | MEDAL |
volar portals for wrist arthroscopy have certain advantages over the standard dorsal portals for visualizing dorsal capsular structures as well as the palmar aspects of the carpal ligaments the volar radial portal is relatively easy to use and is an ideal portal for DUE of the dorsal radiocarpal AL and the palmar aspect of the scapholunate interosseous AL the volar midcarpal portal may be considered as an occasional accessory portal for visualizing the palmar aspects of the capitate and hamate in cases of avascular necrosis or osteochondral fractures the volar ulnar portal is especially useful for the viewing and debridement of palmar tears of the lunotriquetral ligament | MEDAL |
QTc allergic rhinitis is one of risk factors for OD of allergic asthma | MEDAL |
the brain of the AD fruit fly drosophila melanogaster contains tyrosine hydroxylase the ratelimiting enzyme required for catecholamine biosynthesis as well as dopa decarboxylase CAs principally dopamine are also present we have previously shown that pharmacological inhibition of IMT hydroxylase with alphamethylptyrosine results in a doserelated inhibition of locomotor activity in adult organisms similar results were found with RES a wellknown inhibitor of catecholamine uptake into storage LG the druginduced inhibition could be prevented in each case by the concomitant administration of LD the singlecopy gene coding for tyrosine hydroxylase in drosophila is pale ple both null and temperaturesensitive loss of CF mutant alleles of ple are recessive embryonic lethals heterozygous null mutant flies have normal locomotor activity demonstrating that only a single dose of the wild type form of ple is required to support normal CF both hemizygous and homozygous temperaturesensitive ple mutants plets also show normal locomotor activity at the PT for this mutant S2 degrees c which progressively declines as the temperature is increased to its restrictive level degrees c these abnormal locomotor effects are reversible by ldopa thus the effects on locomotor activity resulting from the pharmacological inhibition of catecholamine synthesis or storage are the same as those resulting from lack of IMT hydroxylase expression these findings indicate that brain catecholamine loss decreases locomotor activity in the fly as it does in mammals and demonstrate the ability of functional genomic studies to mimic that of pharmacological inhibition of enzyme function or other similar processes | MEDAL |
in patients with HR failure therapy with maximally tolerated oral doses of diuretics vasodilators and digitalis results in a significant increase in the distance walked during the minute walking test compared with conventional therapy at standard doses indicating an improvement in exercise tolerance the minute walk test is a simple inexpensive and welltolerated test to measure changes in exercise tolerance induced by pharmacologic interventions even on a ST basis | MEDAL |
stressactivated protein kinases and transcription factors are crucial for surviving SE to Cd and other environmental toxicants but their effects on the proteome remain largely unexplored in this T0 isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation reveals that Cd AS triggers rapid proteome CR in the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe spcsty a mitogenstressactivated protein kinase homologous to human p and saccharomyces cerevisiae hog controls many of these changes including enzymes of the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway and trehalose metabolism genetic studies indicate that control of carbohydrate metabolism by spc is required for Cd tolerance the bzip transcription factor zip which is functionally related to human nrf and s cerevisiae met has a smaller effect on cadmiuminduced proteome remodeling but it is required for production of key proteins involved in sulfur metabolism which are essential for Cd resistance these studies reveal how spc and zip independently reshape the proteome to modulate cellular defense mechanisms against the toxic effects of Cd | MEDAL |
primary GAS peritonitis is a rare clinical entity that is almost always associated with underlying disease GAS commonly causes upper RTIs and cutaneous infections such as impetigo and erysipelas however group a streptococcus has rarely been associated with gastrointestinal infections this is a case report describing a previously healthy AD male who developed primary group a streptococcal peritonitis diagnostic laparoscopy resulted in ID of peritonitis without an identifiable intraabdominal source appropriate antibiotic therapy was instituted culture of blood sputum urine and urethra were all pathogen free the patient made a CR recovery and was dismissed from the hospital on oral CLI and cephalexin to the best of our knowledge this report represents the only documented case of primary group a streptococcal peritonitis in a male patient without any significant past medical history | MEDAL |
sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma sef is a rare soft tissue sarcoma recently a link has been suggested between sef and lowgrade fibromyxoid sarcoma lgfms on the basis of the finding of the characteristic translocation t fuscrebl of lgfms in a small number of studied cases of sef the frequency of this translocation in sef is still unknown we present cases of sef with cytogenetic analysis for fus rearrangement the tumors occurred in and year old patients respectively and consisted of a well to partially circumscribed nonencapsulated mass comprising monomorphic polygonal cells arranged in aggregates cords and single file arrays in a variably sclerotic stroma the cells exhibited minimal nuclear atypia with moderate amount of clear to eosinophilic cytoplasm and rare MI figures one case also showed bland spindle cell areas with myxoid change as seen in lgfms by immunohistochemistry ihc the tumor cells were diffusely positive for vimentin focally for s in case and negative for cytokeratin ck EMA ema hmb desmin smooth muscle actin sma hcaldesmon myo d cd and cd by fluorescent insitu hybridization fish technique the case with mixed sef and lgfms histology was positive for fus rearrangement our study reinforces the previously reported relationship between sef and lgfms and suggests that sef may represent a variant of lgfms in at least some cases rather than an entirely distinct fibrosarcoma variant | MEDAL |
neuropeptide y npy is both costored and coreleased with noradrenaline from sympathetic nerve terminals in the CVS npy acts on two main receptor subtypes at postjunctional or y receptors npy can cause both direct vasoconstriction and the potentiation of various constrictor agents npy acting at the presynaptic or y receptor inhibits the PR of neurotransmitter from autonomic nerves in the present paper we have used both sympathetic stimulation and the selective npy y receptor agonist nacetyl leuleu npy to examine the role of npy in the inhibition of vagally mediated vasodilatation in thtudies of receptor trafficking either by direct visualization of the v receptor by confocal microscopy or IB experiments show a rapid internalization halftime min blocking of the clathrindependent pathway by hypertonic sucrose increased vasopressininduced cellular camp production and decreased the desensitization of the v receptoradenylyl cyclase system thus internalization appears to be a major regulatory mechanism terminating vasopressin action in hek cells two antagonists of the vasopressin v receptor exerted different effects on receptor internalization as determined by confocal FM the nonpeptidic antagonist opc did not induce any visible receptor internalization whereas the peptidic antagonist dchdtyretvallystyrnhvp induced a slow but substantial receptor internalization these results suggest that LT treatment with peptidic v IL-1ra might lead to desensitization | MEDAL |
immunolocalization of the tumorassociated glycoprotein antigen with the monoclonal antibody b has been used as a CA marker in RIS and radioimmunoguided surgery rigs radioimmunoscintigraphy and rigs have been used to detect occult M1 deposits from colorectal adenocarcinoma it has been suggested that rigs is superior to histologic examination in detecting CL node metastases from colorectal CA to determine the specificity of immunodetection of the tumorassociated glycoprotein antigen as a marker for M1 adenocarcinoma we studied benign IA lymph NO with b and an immunohistochemical technique | MEDAL |
the authors hypothesized that patients with latelife anxiety undergoing cognitivebehavioral therapy plus medical management for medication taper cbtmm would realize greater reduction in medication use and greater improvement in psychological symptoms than a control group undergoing medical management alone mm | MEDAL |
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