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in the FR of an extensive health survey of viscose rayon workers in belgium workers underwent a neuropsychological examination of these had been exposed for at least a year to carbon disulfide csinf and hydrogen sulfide hs and served as a nonexposed control group measurements showed that many of the jobs in the factory involved exposures to csinf ranging from mgm centrifuge operator to mgm spinning cake regulator far in excess of the threshold limit value tlv of mgm hs exposures remained below the recommended tlv of mgm the neuropsychological investigation included subtests of the wechsler AD intelligence scale the entire wechsler memory scale the bourdonwiersma test the santa ana dexterity test the gibson spiral maze and the bimanual sinusoidal movement test TPS questions were included to account for the effects of age educational level eye complaints alcohol consumption medication NI and test motivation only the group exposed to values exceeding three times the recommended tlv for cs had significant impairments in both the speed and the quality of psychomotor performance exposure to cs and hs had no significant effect on memory and attention covariance analysis revealed the confounding influences of educational level and eye complaints for explaining observed differences in memory and attention tasks found by univariate analysis
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aphid populations show periodic fluctuations and many causes are attributed to their dynamic we investigated the regulation by temperature of the aphid populations composed of metopolophium dirhodum sitobion avenae and rhopalosiphum padi on winter wheat using a years long time series data we computed the sum of daily temperatures above °c the threshold temperature for aphid development and the sum of daily temperatures within the threshold for wheat OD °c interval applying generalised additive MM framework we tested influences of temperature PH expressed via degree days before the start of the aphid immigration on the length of their occurrence we aimed to estimate the magnitude and direction of this influence and how far to the past before the start of the aphid season the temperature effect goes and then identify processes responsible for the effect we fitted four models that differed in the way of correcting for abundance in the previous year and in specification of temperature effects abundance in the previous year did not affect the length of period of aphid population growth on wheat the temperature effect on the period length increased up to days before the start of the current season ie when wheat completed vernalization increased sum of daily temperatures above °c and the sum of daily temperatures within the °c interval both shortened the length of period of aphid population growth stronger effect of the latter suggests that wheat can escape from aphid attacks if during winter temperatures range from to °c the temperature influence was not homogeneous in time the strongest effect of past temperature was about to and to days before the beginning of the current aphid season indicating important role of termination of aphid egg dormancy and egg hatching
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in previous reports of laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy the kocher maneuver with a wide mobilization of the right colonic flexure is carried out in the early phase and dissection of the SMA artery is performed in the last phase of resection this report describes laparoscopic SMA i.a. first RPA in which the superior MES artery is dissected in the EP of resection through the AL of treitz the retroperitoneum is widely opened and the superior MES i.a. is isolated just superior to the left renal vein the periarterial connective tissue and nerve plexuses surrounding the superior CMA are dissected longitudinally to identify the VPI pancreaticoduodenal i.a. which is then tied and divided the SMA artery first RPA and early ligation of the VPI pancreaticoduodenal artery is considered to be a feasible safe and effective method for performing pure laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy
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to elucidate the mode of antibacterial action by gramicidin s gs a detailed experiment on gs CSD on bacteria cells was carried out clabeled gramicidin s cgs was incubated with cells of GP bacillus subtilis and gramnegative escherichia coli and the amount of cgs adsorbed on the cells was measured adsorption on b subtilis cells was observed from microgramml of cgs as the concentration of cgs increased the amount adsorbed on b subtilis increased discontinuously producing a curve which had three plateaus on the other hand cgs was not easily adsorbed on e colunderstood pathways to restenosis and possible approaches to its reduction or beta
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mouse tl cells are widely used to study adipocyte differentiation in vitro when treated with insulin dexamethasone and isobutylmethylxanthine these fibroblastic cells differentiate into round triglyceriderich adipocytes because several proteins implicated in adipocyte differentiation eg type igf receptors are proteolytically activated by endoproteinases of the proprotein convertase family we sought to determine whether these endoproteinases are crucial for adipose conversion in this T0 we show that expression of the proprotein convertases pace pc and furin increases when tl cells are induced to differentiate into adipocytes the differentiation was blocked in transfected cells expressing alphaantitrypsin portland or in normal cells pretreated with the synthetic inhibitor decanoylrvkrchloromethylketone both inhibitors are known to specifically inactivate proprotein convertases the block was associated with impaired proteolytic activation of proigf receptor absence of induction of the adipogenic transcriptional factor ppargamma and marked reduction of the nuclear translocation of the cebpbeta factor taken together these data constitute evidence that PCs are crucial mediators of adipogenesis
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thirtyone patients with OA of the knee were treated with either diflunisal n or naproxen n in a week openlabel T0 treatment was begun with mg bid of DF or mg bid of NAP patients not showing an adequate response to these dosages were given increases to mg bid of DF n or mg bid of NAP n both drugs achieved statistically significant improvements in pain indices tenderness swelling morning stiffness PET capacity knee flexion and foot walking time and no significant difference was found between the two drugs at the end of the T0 all patients taking diflunisal and patients taking naproxen felt that they had improved with treatment drug safety and tolerability were assessed in patients given diflunisal and given NAP including patients not part of the efficacy DUE six patients in the DF group and four in the NAP group experienced SE three were withdrawn from the diflunisal group and one from the naproxen group because of adverse effects in GA both drugs were well tolerated
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the longterm observation of ingestive and excretory behaviors in freely ambulating and non socially isolated pigs is an important tool in the investigation of the physiological determinants of these behaviors a computercontrolled laboratory setup for the recording of FF drinking and defecation behavior in minipigs was developed allowing for the observation of two pigs at a time for weeks four minipigs kg were conditioned to operate feeders with a precise food release per response and were then fed AL the animals had up to of their daily SE NI during the night MS and time spent eating was highly correlated meal size and the preprandial intermeal interval was moderately correlated whereas MS and the postprandial intermeal interval was not feeding facilitated defecation supporting the assumption that the gastrocolonic response is present in the pig the system has been shown to be highly reliable and valid and thus provides an excellent tool for the investigation of the rhythmicity of ingestive and excretory behaviors in minipigs
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the CSD of coronary atherosclerosis has not been fully clarified we measured CAC score cacs in consecutive patients for the RA coronary artery rca left main trunk lmt LAD i.a. lad and left circumflex coronary i.a. lcx then calculated total cacs CAC score was measured using the agatston method we divided these patients into four groups cacs group a n cacs group b n cacs group c n and cacs group d n in group a b and c the cacs in lad was significantly higher than in the other three arteries p in group d the cacs was not significantly different between lad and rca p in groups a b and c CAC cac was more frequently found in lad compared with other arteries p however in group d the prevalence of cac was not significantly different among the three arteries p CAC was found more frequently in lad than in the other CAs in patients with mild to high cac but not in those with very high cac
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the effect of mild leg length inequality lower extremity length difference less than cm on posture and gait has been the source of much controversy many opinions have been expressed both for and against the need for intervention to reduce the magnitude of the discrepancy this paper emphasizes the need for accurate and reliable assessment of LL differences using a clinically PET radiographic technique and reviews the biomechanical implications of leg length inequality as related to the development of AS fractures LB pain and OA
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across a wide variety of domains experts differ from novices in their response to stimuli linked to their respective field of expertise it is currently unknown whether similar patterns can be observed with regard to social expertise the current T0 therefore focuses on social openness a CE social skill necessary to initiate social contact human body odors were used as social cues as they inherently signal the presence of another human being using functional mri hemodynamic brain responses to body odors of women reporting a high n or a low n level of social openness were compared greater activation within the inferior frontal gyrus and the caudate nucleus was observed in high socially open individuals compared to individuals low in social openness with the IFG being a crucial part of the human mirror neuron system and the Cd nucleus being implicated in social reward it is discussed whether human body odor might constitute more of a significant and rewarding social signal to individuals high in social openness compared to individuals low in social openness process
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there are different methods for recording physiologic electrical signals cutaneously monopolar recording has been used by us and by others to record the BER of the stomach in an effort to improve our ability to routinely obtain a recording of the BER of the stomach using cutaneous electrodes electrogastrography we have investigated different electrode recording techniques and compared them with MP recording we studied healthy asymptomatic volunteers who were fasting using each of the techniques while simultaneously monitoring a MP electrogastrogram three different recording techniques were studied a wilson CE terminal comparing alternative placements of the REF electrodes a wilson CE terminal with a single placement of the REF electrodes but alternative placements of the active exploratory electrode and last a differential recording technique we found all of the studied techniques to be superior to MP recording in the amount of time a recognizable threemin BER could be recorded however the differential recording arrangement yielded an improvement in percent of recording time so significant that the electrogastrographic signal could be visually discerned to greater than compared with of the monopolar recording thus the differential recording technique is far superior for recording the electrogastrogram
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selfpoisoning is a common reason for acute presentation to hospital commonly involved drugs have been reported but few data exist concerning the different combinations of agents or comparative doses ingested the present T0 sought to better characterise the typical patterns of drug overdose that may present via the emergency department consecutive adults ⥠years of age that presented to york hospital owing to selfpoisoning were studied for inclusive the primary outcome measure was reported dose expressed as a multiple of the defined daily dose ddd to allow comparison between different agents there were patients including women and median age was years range to years overdose in men was associated with a higher overall quantity of drugs arithmetic mean of ddd multiples ci versus p overdose involved a single agent only in patients the mean PAR dose was ci ddd multiples the doses of ADs p and benzodiazepines p were comparatively higher the types of agents involved in selfpoisoning and common combinations of agents are characterised psychotropic medications were ingested in comparatively larger quantities than analgesic agents and had worse clinical outcome further work is required to understand the factors that determine the quantity of drug ingested in patients at risk of drug overdose so as to minimise the risk of significant toxicity
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congenital agranulocytosis is a rare and frequently fatal infantile disease characterized by recurrent bacterial infections persistent absence of neutrophils in the IP blood and an arrest of myeloid maturation at the promyelocytemyelocyte stage the effect of human recombinant granulocytemacrophage colony stimulating factor gmcsf CT and in combination with retinoic acid dimethylsulphoxide or actinomycind on the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow cells from a child with congenital agranulocytosis was studied cells were treated at a concentration of x per ml in invitro culture with gmcsf CT and in combination with retinoic acid dimethylsulphoxide or actinomycind for days at degrees c in humidified incubator containing co in air gmcsf showed a profound stimulatory effect on the proliferation of myeloid progenitors from the child bone marrow and restored colony numbers in the retinoic acid dimethylsulphoxide and actinomycindinhibited cultures
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utilizing a selfadministered questionnaire in health care workers response rate we evaluated the impact of health care workers policy awareness on hand hygiene and urinary catheter care in nursing homes we show that HCWs aware of their nursing home policies are more likely to report wearing gloves and practicing hand hygiene as per evidencebased recommendations during urinary catheter care compared with those who are unaware of their facility policies
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this T0 used body surface mapping to evaluate the VVI repolarization process in the absence of delta waves in patients with the intermittent WPW wpw syndrome the findings were compared with data from normal individuals and patients with the overt wpw syndrome the qrst isointegral maps of patients with the overt wpw syndrome exhibited abnormal Az and the qrst departure maps showed a peculiar distribution to each accessory pathway site the qrst isointegral map exhibited abnormal areas in of the cases of the intermittent wpw syndrome in the absence of delta waves in of these cases the CSD of the departure map resembled that in the overt wpw syndrome these findings suggest that abnormal ventricular repolarization due to cardiac SM is present in patients with the intermittent wpw syndrome even in the absence of delta waves
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to review effectiveness of screening for CC with faecal occult blood test hemoccult and to consider benefits and harms of screening
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chronic periodontitis cp is associated with increased systemic inflammation and OP Th1 cytokines implicated in SVR bone loss are also associated with periodontitis the impact of control of systemic inflammation by scaling and root planing srp on bone mineral density bmd in postmenopausal pm osteopenic women with cp was investigated in this study
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we report on the fabrication of a onedimensional microretroreflector array with a pitch of μm the array was fabricated by xray lithography and the lithographie galvanik und abformung liga process in a mm thick polymethyl methacrylate pmma layer and subsequently covered with au the area of the array is mmà mm the high precision of the ligabased fabrication process allows one to use the PE in spectrometers here it is suggested to apply it to the implementation of a transversal filter for femtosecond pulses we present a theoretical description of the performance of the retroreflector array as a filtering device and show exp results
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FC has an important role in diagnosis and classification of bcell lymphoproliferative disorders bclpds however in distinguishing chronic lymphocytic leukemia cll from small lymphocytic lymphoma sll only clinical criteria are available so far aim of the study was to determine differences in the expression of common b cell markers cd cdb and cd on the malignant lymphocytes in the peripheral blood samples of cll and sll patients
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myocardial steatosis an independent predictor of diastolic dysfunction is frequently present in type diabetes mellitus high free HFA flux hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia may play a role in myocardial steatosis there are no prior studies examining the relationship between insulin sensitivity antilipolytic and Rd actions of insulin and cardiac steatosis
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inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor imt is a neoplasm of intermediate malignant potential that only rarely involves the gynecologic tract several cases of imt arising in various locations including the lung bladder tr and breast in association with pregnancy have been reported in the literature and cases involving the placenta have been previously described we report cases of imt identified in association with pregnancy the first was an intrauterine mass delivered entirely separate from the placenta and fetus and the second was an incidental mass identified within the placental parenchyma following delivery short tandem repeat genotyping was used to compare tissue from the RT and the placenta for both cases both tumors were determined to be of maternal origin confirming that uterine imts may present within the placenta or as a separate mass following delivery this demonstrates the utility of short tandem repeat genotyping in determining the origin of PT presenting in association with the placenta
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the aim of the present T0 was to investigate the relationships between physical activity and metacarpal cortical bone mineral density bmd and BR in hemiplegic patients seventytwo male hemiplegic patients with cerebrovascular disease mean age years range years were recruited metacarpal cortical bmd in BL hands was measured by computed xray densitometry and the C2 of urinary crosslinked ntelopeptides of type i collagen ntx as a bone resorption marker were measured by an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay elisa bmd mean sd in the paralyzed hand was significantly lower than that in the nonparalyzed hand and mmal p on multiple SRA bmd was significantly positively correlated with brunnstrom stage assessment of degree of paralysis in the hand p whereas urinary ntx levels were significantly negatively correlated with brunnstrom stage in the hand arm and leg and with walking ability p p p and p respectively these findings suggest that in male hemiplegic patients although metacarpal cortical bmd may be affected by only local PCS activity urinary ntx appears to be responsive to local and GA physical activity
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simultaneous BL spontaneous pneumothorax sbsp is a very rare condition mainly detected in patients with underlying pulmonary disease this T0 reports a case of sbsp following chemotherapy for M1 TC
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the purpose of this T0 is to investigate the effect of decorin a naturally occurring proteoglycan with antitransforming growth factor beta tgfβ activity on the rat MM of peyronies disease pd twentyfive adult male SDRs were divided in three groups i tgfβ μg injected n ii tgfβ injected and decorin treated n and iii controls n decorin μg per day was given with ICI on the second third fourth and fifth day following tgfβ injection all rats underwent electrical stimulation of the cavernous nerve after weeks intracavernosal and arterial blood pressures were measured during this procedure crosssections of the rat penises were examined using mason trichrome and he stains statistical analyses were carried out using oneway anova histopathological examinations confirmed the peyronieslike condition in tgfβinjected rats which exhibited a thickening of the tunica albuginea ta when compared to controls disorganisation of collagen on the ta was also prominent in tgfβinjected rats but not in decorintreated and control rats decorintreated rats showed significantly higher maximal intracavernosal pressure mip responses to cavernous nerve stimulation when compared to group p our results indicate that decorin antagonises the effects of tgfβ in the rat model of pd and prevents diminished erectile response to CN stimulation
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although immunomodulating antibodies are highly ERP in M1 melanoma their toxicity related to the activation of t lymphocytes can be severe anticancer vaccines promote a fairly TPS response and are very well tolerated but their effectiveness has yet to be demonstrated we have been treating patients with advanced melanoma with an autologous dendritic cell vaccine since to better characterize the safety and tau of our product we designed a retrospective T0 on all of our patients treated with the vaccine to date we retrospectively reviewed both CRFs of patients included in clinical trials and medical records of those treated within a compassionate use program response was assessed according to the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors criteria and toxicity has been graded according to ctcae although the response rate has been rather low the median overall survival of months and the year survival rate of are encouraging especially considering the fact that data were obtained in a heavily pretreated population and only about one quarter of the patients had received ipilimumab andor braf inhibitors multivariate analysis confirmed that the OD of an immune response was significantly correlated with a better prognosis hazard ratio p the adverse events observed were generally mild and selflimiting our analysis confirms the excellent tolerability of our vaccine making it a potential candidate for combination therapies as efficacy seems largely restricted to immunoresponsive patients future strategies should aim to increase the number of these patients
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although myocardial edema is associated with cardiopulmonary bypass cpb and cardioplegic arrest cpa interventions to expedite edema removal have not been investigated the primary mechanism for the removal of excess interstitial fluid in the heart is myocardial lymphatic drainage but lymphatic CF can be impaired by decreased contractility because of edema the purpose of this T0 was to determine whether enhancing cardiac +dP/dt would increase myocardial lymphatic function and hasten edema resolution after cpb sixteen dogs were subjected to cpb and h of hypothermic cpa after weaning from cpb dogs received an intravenous dobutamine infusion and dogs received no inotropic support we determined myocardial CL driving pressure from the major cardiac lymphatic myocardial water content by using microgravimetry and the peak rate of left VVI pressure increase dpdmax by using micromanometry measurements were taken at baseline during cpa and min T3 cpb compared with controls dobutaminetreated dogs had an increased dpdmax p which was associated with higher lymph driving pressures p resulting in lower myocardial water gain h T3 cpb p we conclude that the resolution of myocardial edema T3 cpb was hastened by dobutamine organized VVI contraction and MC seem to be important determinants of myocardial lymphatic CF and myocardial edema removal these findings suggest that the administration of inotropic drugs T3 cpb may hasten cardiac recovery
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the realization of a quantum spin hall qsh insulator work participant consumer said everybody needs a lesson in kindness all CG agreed that highrisk situations necessitate police involvement however invocation of the mha during a highrisk situation is fraught with stress and difficulties leaving little room for empathetic communications effective and diverse evidencebased early MI strategies both consensual and nonconsensual are necessary to reduce the requirement for police involvement in mental health transports
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the assembly of C3 components cb in membranes results in the formation of transmembrane lesions the c component has been shown to be mainly responsible for formation of the ultrastructurally visible tubules associated with cb complexes several studies have disputed the role of c polymerization in cmediated cytolysis on the grounds that B6 lyses cells in the absence of tubular formation here B6 complexes were reconstituted into highimpedance planar lipid bilayers and shown to form channels which are heterogenous in size the smallest channels had unitary conductances of picosiemens ps in m nacl the closing of these channels showed voltagedependence at membrane potentials exceeding mv these channels were more cationselective with k ions being favored over na the ps channels described here are much smaller than the channels attributed previously to either B6 or polymerized c complexes but resemble channels formed by the cb fragment which does not polymerize into tubules these results indicate that cb complexes are capable of damaging membranes by forming initially small SAC which then aggregate in the membrane to form tubular lesions with much larger conductances like cb B6 also increased membrane permeability however this increase in Gm could not be resolved into single channels suggesting that cb may induce membrane leakiness by perturbing the packing of membrane lipids whereas addition of c results in authentic production of ion channels
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shiga toxinproducing escherichia coli are emerging as a significant source of foodborne infectious disease all over the world illness caused by shiga toxinproducing e coli can range from self limited watery diarrhea to lifethreatening manifestations such as hemorrhagic colitis HUS or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and death shiga toxinproducing e coli can potentially enter the human food chain from a number of animal sources most commonly by contamination of meat with feces or intestinal contents after slaughter or crosscontamination of unpasteurized milk products because of the low infectious dose of the oh shiga toxinproducing e coli CS laboratory diagnosis of shiga toxinproducing e coli in food samples has developed a great importance this review will focus on the microorganism giving priority to illness prevention and shiga toxinproducing e coli PCD in food
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two hundred and eighty one SS samples collected from freeranging black diceros bicornis and white ceratotherium simum rhinoceros in the republic of south africa rsa namibia and kenya from were examined for antibody to different infectious agents positive antibody titers were detected against akabane bluetongue AHS epizootic haemorrhagic disease of deer parainfluenza type bovine herpes virus equine herpes virus and bovine viral diarrhea viruses and four serovars of leptospira interrogans ranging to no antibody was detected against RVF virus EMC virus brucella abortus and trypanosoma equiperdum interspecies differences were detected for AHS EHD of deer and parainfluenza type viruses there appeared to be some geographic variation in the prevalence of antibody for african horse sickness bluetongue epizootic haemorrhagic disease of deer parainfluenza type equine herpes virus and leptospira interrogans serovar bratislava
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although screening colonoscopy is ERP for early PCD of CC screening rates remain low multiple factors are thought to be responsible for the low rates of screening colonoscopy but bowel preparation appears to be a key deterrent tolerability issues with bowel preparations may lead to poor patient compliance inadequate colon cleansing and reduced PCD of colonic polyps successful colon cleansing requires careful selection of the appropriate bowel purgative regimen as well as patient acceptance of and compliance with the chosen regimen the two major classes of bowel S9 include PE glycol solutions and sodium phosphate preparations patient preference for tablet versus liquid formulations and medical PH eg RI should be considered when choosing the AGA bowel preparation regardless of the bowel preparation administered adequate hydration is important before during and T3 bowel preparation appropriate patient education regarding hydration and indomography scan showed a tumor in the infrahepatic portion of the inferior vena cava and the confluence of the renal veins T3 resection of the RT venous reconstruction involved the replacement of the inferior VC with a prosthetic VG and the implantation of the RA renal vein into the portal vein the left renal vein was ligated distally with preservation of collateral pathways to our knowledge no other reports of such venous reconstruction have been published T3 a followup of months the patient has shown no further PS and the ABD computed tomography scan demonstrates patency of the renal portal anastomosis tests indicated normal renal and hepatic CF suggesting good tolerance of the renal portal anastomosis we believe that the technique described in this report should be adopted routinely for tumors located in the renal veins provided complete resection of the RT with a comfortable resection margin is possible
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the aim of this T0 was to determine the maximum tolerated dose mtd agh locoregional treatments such as hepatic arterial infusion hai claim the advantage of delivering higher doses of anticancer agents directly into the M1 organ as compared to SVR chemotherapy sct the benefit in terms of overall survival os is unclear we quantitatively summarized the results of randomised controlled trials rct comparing hai to sct for the treatment of unresectable CL metastatic disease from colorectal cancer crc
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ampactivated protein kinase ampk plays an important role in the regulation of gl and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle many pigs of hampshire origin have a naturally occurring dominant mutation in the ampk γ S1 pigs carrying this prkag rq mutation have compared to noncarriers higher muscle glycogen C2 and increased oxidative capacity in m longissimus dorsi containing mainly type ii glycolytic fibres these metabolic changes resemble those seen when muscles adapt to an increased PCS activity level the aim was to stimulate ampk by exercise training and T0 the influence of the prkag mutation on metabolic and fibre characteristics not only in m longissimus dorsi but also in other muscles with different functions
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objective to describe the prognostic factors and epidemiological characteristics of cutaneous and mucosal head and neck melanoma and to identify the variables associated with mortality from this disease material and methods patients treated for head and neck melanoma in the oncology centre of latvia riga during a year period were identified records from cases were analyzed in a descriptive retrospective study for each patient information regarding age sex RT anatomic site as well as ulceration histological tumor subtypes breslow thickness and clark invasion level was viewed disease TPS survival rates were calculated the frequencies of all T0 variables and their confidence intervals were determined kaplanmeier survival curves were produced to illustrate the survival differences for each variable results the patients mean age was years the T0 included females and males the prevalent anatomical site for cutaneous head and neck melanoma was the cheek n and the intraocular site for mucosal melanoma a high percentage of thick CM was detected in cases out of cutaneous melanoma the tumor ulceration was found nodular melanoma AT1 was predominating the incidence of cutaneous melanoma has increased unequally whereas mucosal melanoma of the head and neck is an uncommon CA and the incidence rates in latvia during a ten year period are decreasing conclusion female sex advanced age facial skin RT thickness nodular subtype and ulceration carried a relevant risk of poor prognosis
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in the present T0 the mechanisms and importance of the fc portion of immunoglobulin in experimental giant cell MC were examined giant cell MC was induced in rats by immunization of porcine cardiac myosin human IN immunoglobulin g kg d or fab fragments of human immunoglobulin g kg d were administered intraperitoneally daily on days to intact immunoglobulin administration significantly ameliorated myocarditis but fab fragments did not the ribonuclease protection assay revealed that therapy with IN immunoglobulin but not fab fragments suppressed the mrna expressions of inflammatory and Th1 cytokines immunohistochemical analysis showed that therapy with intact immunoglobulin but not fab fragments suppressed dendritic cell dc expression during both the early and the subsequent fulminant phases moreover the early treatment of intact immunoglobulin until the th day or th day when the expression of dcs was completely suppressed ameliorated MC however the late treatment of intact immunoglobulin beginning on day when the expression of dcs had already been completed failed to ameliorate the condition an in vitro study showed that IN immunoglobulin but not fab fragments suppressed the lipopolysaccharideinduced interleukinbeta production associated with the downregulation of cd antigen fcgamma receptor ii expression thus IN immunoglobulin therapy markedly suppressed MC as a result of fc receptormediated antiinflammatory action and the suppression of the disease was associated with the suppression of dcs ie the suppression of the initial antigenpriming process in exp giant cell MC
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family history of hypertension is an important predictive factor for hypertension and is associated with hemodynamic and autonomic CA previous studies reported that strength training might reduce arterial blood pressure ap as well as improve heart rate variability hrv however the benefits of strength training in the F1 of hypertensive parents have not been fully evaluated here we analyzed the impact of strength training on hemodynamics and autonomic parameters in offspring of HT we performed a crosssectional study with sedentary or physically AS F1 of normotensives son and aon or hypertensives soh and aoh we recorded rr interval for analysis of hrv ap was similar between groups sedentary offspring of hypertensives presented impairment of total variance of rr interval as well as an increase in cardiac sympathovagal balance soh ± vs son ± and aon ± in contrast the strengthtrained group with a family history of hypertension did not show such dysfunctions in conclusion sedentary offspring of hypertensives despite displaying no changes in ap showed reduced hrv reinforcing the hypothesis that autonomic dysfunctions have been associated with higher risk of hypertension onset our findings demonstrated that strengthtrained offspring of hypertensives did not present impaired hrv thus reinforcing the benefits of an active lifestyle in the prevention of early dysfunctions associated with the onset of hypertension in predisposed populations
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this review gives the current status of epilepsy surgery the diagnostic procedures involved and the resources needed relatively few of the epilepsy patients are possible candidates for surgery however only a small fraction of these possible candidates are actually offered this treatment in norway as well as worldwide the need for increased activity within this field is emphasized as is the necessity of multidisciplinary regionalized epilepsy centers
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the property of dopamine in acidalkaline medium was studied by spectrofluorimetry and spectrophotometry effects of organic solvents on dopamine fluorescence spectra were examined and the reason was discussed among the organic solvents tested methanol was selected as sensitizing reagent a fluorescence quenching reaction took place in basic medium mechanism of fluorescence quenching was discussed a simple rapid and highly CS fluorimetric method for the determination of dopamine in injection and urine is developed the measurement of relative fluorescence intensity was carried out at nm with excitation at nm effects of ph foreign ions on the determination of dopamine have been examined a linear relationship was obtained between the relative fluorescence intensity and concentration of dopamine in the range of mug ml the LR equation of the calibration graph is cf with a rho coefficient of linear regression of and relative sigma of the detection limit of this method is mug ml and recovery is from to this method can be used for determination of dopamine in i.t. and urine sample the results obtained by this method agreed with those by the official method high performance liquid chromatography hplc
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bacterial contamination of readytoeat rte street foods is a L1 concern worldwide dissemination of antibiotic resistant pathogens from food is an emerging publichealth threat to investigate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes and ceftazidime resistanceassociated efflux pumps in foodborne pathogens rte street foods samples were collected in three densely populated taiwanese cities among ceftazidime MHN isolates stenotrophomonas maltophilia pseudomonas spp acinetobacter spp and enterobacteriaceae isolates were identified phylogenetic analyses revealed high levels of genetic diversity between all of the different strains multidrug resistance was observed in of acinetobacter spp of pseudomonas spp of s maltophilia and of enterobacteriaceae of ceftazidime nonsusceptible isolates contained esbls or plasmidmediated ampc genes and contained ceftazidime resistanceassociated efflux pumps with acinetobacter spp identified as predominant isolate adeijk pump rna expression in acinereduced heterozygosity indicating a recent expansion south following speciation from s peruvianum circa ma discontinuous populations west of ° are currently described as s chilense but are genetically intermediate between s chilense and s peruvianum based upon molecular morphological and crossing data we test the hypothesis that these discontinuous s chilense populations are an example of recombinational speciation recombinational speciation is rarely reported and we discuss the difficulties in identifying it and differentiating between alternative demographic scenarios this discovery presents a new opportunity to understand the genomic outcomes of hybridization in plants
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the transcription factor nuclear factorkappab nfkappab contributes to many events in the IS characterization of nfkappab has facilitated our understanding of immune cell differentiation survival proliferation and effector functions intense research continues to elucidate the role of nfkappab which is shared in several receptor signaling pathways such as tolllike receptors the RT necrosis factor receptor and antigen receptors the specificity of cellular responses emanating from stimulation of these receptors is determined by posttranslational modification or fine tuning which regulates spatiotemporal dynamics of downstream signaling understanding the fine tuning mechanisms of nfkappab activation is crucial for insights into biological regulation and for understanding how cellular signaling pathways are tightly regulated to guide different cell fates in this review we focus on recent advances that illuminate the fine tuning mechanisms of nfkappab activation by bcr signaling and have increased our comprehension of complex signal systems
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a small cryptic plasmid pih from leuconostoc citreum ih was characterized this kb sized plasmid contains single open reading frame that encodes a repc class protein amino acids and a conserved pttype double strand origin suggesting a rolling circle replication mode this putative replicase protein shows the highest similarity to a replicase from pfr plasmid of leuconostoc mesenteroides fr identity one of the pttype rolling circle plasmid family and contains a strictly conserved repctype AS site sequence of pt family a shuttle vector that was developed on the basis of this cryptic plasmid by IS of both erythromycin resistance gene ermc from pe and escherichia coli cole origin was able to transform leuconostoc strains lactobacillus plantarum and lactococcus lactis therefore pih derivative plasmids might be useful for the manipulation of leuconostoc strains
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the mammalian kidney develops through reciprocal inductive signals between the MM and ureteric bud transcription factor tcf is highly expressed in the MM including sixexpressing cap mesenchyme and foxdexpressing stromal mesenchyme
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between and consecutive modified blalocktaussig mbt shunts were performed on neonates with cyanotic congenital HR disease using mm mm goretex grafts only of these children had uncomplicated tetralogy of fallot the remainder had more complicated pathology requiring urgent MI retrospective analysis of the acute and long term results was performed with followup ranging from month to years mean years there were early deaths within days of T0 and late deaths of the late deaths died T3 further palliation died T3 total correction and died suddenly at home post mortem examination of the sudden deaths revealed blocked shunts in only AS at years was shunt patency at months was and at years no patient used their initial mbt shunt for more than months although this shunt provides good initial palliation there is a high incidence of late sudden death we are also concerned about the limited life span of the shunt which partly explains the sudden deaths therefore we have adopted an aggressive RPA to restudy by angiography within months of surgery
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dna repair takes place in the context of chromatin previous studies showed that histones impair BER ber of modified bases at both the excision and synthesis steps we examined ber of uracil in a glucocorticoid response PE gre complexed with the glucocorticoid receptor dna binding domain grdbd five substrates were designed each containing a unique cu substitution within the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter one located within each gre halfsite and the others located outside the gre to examine distinct steps of ber dna cleavage by uracildna glycosylase and ape endonuclease was used to assess initiation dctp incorporation by dna polymerase pol beta was used to measure repair synthesis and dna ligase i was used to seal the nick for uracil CS within the gre there was a reduced rate of uracildna glycosylaseape activity following grdbd binding cleavage in the right halfsite with higher grdbd IB affinity was reduced approximately fold whereas cleavage in the left halfsite was reduced approximately fold conversely uracildirected cleavage outside the gre was unaffected by grdbd IB surprisingly there was no reduction in the rate of pol beta synthesis or dna ligase activity on any of the fragments bound to grdbd indeed we observed a small increase approximately fold in the rate of pol beta synthesis at uracil residues in both the gre and one site six nucleotides downstream these results highlight the potential for both positive and negative impacts of dnatranscription factor binding on the rate of ber
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spermatogenesis is a complex developmental process which sequentially generates several different germ cell types these cell types from rainbow trout salmo gairdnerii testis were separated by sedimentation in serum albumin gradients and characterized on the basis of their PCS properties chronological appearance and protein synthesis the rate of rna synthesis the types of rna made and the rna polymerase activities present were determined for each cell type the rate of rna synthesis decreased from a high level in SPG and spermatocytes to a low level in early spermatids and was absent in late spermatids and mature spermatozoa newly synthesized rna in spermatogonia and SPC consisted of a variety of molecular weight species including s and s ribosomal rnas the synthesis of high molecular weight rnas especially ribosomal rnas decreased drastically in early spermatids leading to the synthesis of only small molecular weight rnas RPI and ii were present in all cell types but the MICs of both showed large decreases between spermatocytes and middle spermatids both rna polymerase activities were almost absent from spermatozoa the activities of rna polymerase i and ii from unfrac children and adults with suspected obstruction of the pelvioureteral junction are presented obstruction was confirmed in patients and excluded in the rho between the renogram results and clinical radiological and operative findings is discussed the technique is simple accurate and noninvasive and it is recommended T3 excretory urography before proceeding to more invasive tests
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in the period between february and may in concomitance with a sharp increase in admittance to the pediatric division of the parma general hospital for ARIs we carried out a virologic and serologic investigation on hospitalized children aged days years the investigation was carried out on patients with respiratory diseases with bronchiolitis which occurred mainly between february and march in children that were prevalently in the first year of life with upper respiratory tract infections with mid RT infections with pneumonia fortyeight controls without respiratory infections were also investigated in the months of february and march there was a high circulation of respiratory syncytial virus rsv throughout the entire period there was a lower incidence of adenovirus infections and more uniformly distributed
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we propose a method to do constrained parameter estimation and inference from neuroimaging data using general linear MM glm constrained approach precludes unrealistic hemodynamic response function hrf estimates to appear at the outcome of the glm analysis the permissible ranges of waveform parameters were determined from the study of a repertoire of plausible waveforms these parameter intervals played the role of prior distributions in the subsequent bayesian analysis of the glm and gibbs sampling was used to derive posterior distributions the method was applied to artificial null data and near infrared spectroscopy nirs data the results show that constraining the glm eliminates unrealistic hrf waveforms and decreases false activations without affecting the inference for realistic activations which satisfy the constraints
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cynomolgus monkeys with untouched totally iridectomized or totally iridectomized and ciliary muscledisinserted eyes underwent twolevel constantpressure perfusion of the anterior chamber to determine the effect of intracameral mock aqueous humor lepinephrine bitartrate microgram lnorepinephrine bitartrate microgram ergotamine tartrate and microgram and angiotensin ii NH and microgram on total outflow facility ergotamine and angiotensin both tended to decrease facility EN and norepinephrine significantly increased facility approximately and respectively beyond the effect of mock AQ in all three types of eyes the percentage increases in facility produced by EN and norepinephrine were virtually identical in disinserted and nondisinserted eyes and were independent of starting facility in the individual eyes our results prove that the epinephrine and norepinephrineinduced facility increase in cynomolgus eyes is not mediated by the iris or ciliary muscle and suggest that the increase in total facility is due largely to increased facility across the trabecular meshwork
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pseudomonas exotoxin pebased immunotoxins antibodytoxin F0 proteins have achieved frequent complete remissions in patients with hairy cell leukemia but far fewer objective responses in other cancers to address possible mechanisms of resistance we investigated immunotoxin activity in a MM system using the colon CA cell line dld despite causing CR inhibition of protein synthesis there was no evidence that an immunotoxin targeted to the transferrin receptor caused apoptosis in these cells to address a possible protective role of prosurvival bcl proteins the bhonly mimetic abt was tested alone or in combination with immunotoxins neither the immunotoxin nor abt CT activated caspase whereas the combination exhibited substantial activation in other epithelial cell lines abt enhanced the cytotoxicity of perelated immunotoxins by as much as fold but did not enhance diphtheria toxin or cycloheximide because pe translocates to the cytosol via the endoplasmic reticulum er and the other toxins do not abtmediated effects on the er were investigated abt treatment stimulated increased C2 of er AS response factor atf because of its activity in the er abt might be particularly well suited for enhancing the activity of immunotoxins that translocate from the er to the cell cytosol
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immunoglobulin g a and m contents of homogenized tonsillar lymphocytes were measured higher ig values were found in adults than in children inflammatory processes increased the immunoglobulin C2 of TL the changes in tonsillar igg and iga levels suggest the importance of local immunoglobulin production in the defence mechanism of tonsils two isolated iga deficiencies were detected among the patients
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alcoholic cirrhosis is frequently associated with episodes of portalsystemic encephalopathy pse there is a growing body of evidence to suggest that the so called peripheraltype non gabarelated benzodiazepine receptors are modified in pse peripheraltype benzodiazepine receptors are localized on the outer mitochondrial membrane in many tissues including BB where they are highly concentrated in astrocytes pse is characterized neuropathologically by astrocytic rather than neuronal changes densities of peripheraltype benzodiazepine receptors are significantly increased in autopsied brain tissue from alcoholic cirrhotic patients who died in hepatic coma and in the brains of rats following portacaval anastomosis endogenous peptide ligands for these receptors are increased in the cns in clinical and experimental pse
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berberine was investigated as an inhibitor of human dipeptidyl peptidase iv dpp iv in an attempt to explain its antihyperglycemic activities the investigation included simulated docking experiments to fit berberine within the binding pocket of dpp iv berberine was found to readily fit within the binding pocket of dpp iv in a low energy orientation characterized with optimal electrostatic attractive interactions bridging the isoquinolinium positively charged nitrogen atom Ber and the negatively charged acidic residue of glutamic acid glu of dpp iv experimentally Ber was found to inhibit human recombinant dpp iv in vitro with ic microm our findings suggest that dpp iv inhibition is at least one of the mechanisms that explain the antihyperglycemic activity of berberine the fact that Ber was recently reported to potently inhibit the prodiabetic target human protein tyrosine phosphatase b hptp b discloses a novel dual NK hptp bdpp iv inhibitor
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the aim of this study was to determine the in vitro permissivity of IP blood mononuclear cells pbmcs from bovine viral diarrhea virus bvdvimmune field cattle to homologous and heterologous bvdvs pbmcs from seventeen bvdvnaïve and sixteen bvdvimmune animals were INF with noncytopathic bvdv or bvdv the immune status of cattle was indicated by the presence of virus NT antibodies while viral load of pbmcs was determined by RT rtpcr the results revealed that the pbmcs from naïve or immune animals were permissive to either bvdv or bvdv but the viral load was significantly higher for the naïve than for the immune animals furthermore the load of rat virus in pbmcs from immune animals was lower than that of rat virus our results provide evidence that the pbmcs from bvdvimmune cattle in field are susceptible to reinfection with rat or rat bvdv albeit to a lower extent in the former case
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lipoxygenases of bovine and human corneal epithelia were investigated the bovine epithelium contained an arachidonate lipoxygenase and a lipoxygenase the lipoxygenase was found in the microsomal fraction while the lipoxygenase was mainly present in the cytosol x g supernatant shydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid shete and shydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid shete were identified by gcms and chiral hplc bw ac an acetohydroxamic acid lipoxygenase inhibitor reduced the biosynthesis of shete and shete by over at microm ic for the lipoxygenase was microm the bovine corneal lipoxygenase was compared with the lipoxygenases of bovine platelets and leukocytes all three enzymes metabolized clabelled linoleic acid and alphalinolenic acid poorly in comparison with carachidonic acid cdocosahexaenoic acid and cdocosapentaenoic acid appeared to be less efficiently converted by the corneal enzyme than by the PLT and leukocyte enzymes IHC of the bovine corneal epithelium using a polyclonal antibody against porcine leukocyte lipoxygenase gave positive IF the cytosol of human corneal epithelium converted carachidonic acid to one prominent metabolite the product cochromatographed with shete on reverse phase hplc straight phase hplc and chiral hplc our results suggest that human corneal epithelium contains a lipoxygenase and that bovine corneal epithelium contains both a lipoxygenase and a lipoxygenase the corneal lipoxygenase appears to differ catalytically from earlier described bovine lipoxygenases
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the millon clinical multiaxial inventory version mcmiii was released to replace the mcmii research into the factor structure of the items of the mcmii showed components consistent with the underlying construction theory no such work has been done with the new mcmiii for this T0 we analyzed the personality disorder and clinical syndrome items across two subject samples for VA patients and normal college students six personality factors were identified turing this challenge hemodynamic monitoring combined with thermodilution measurement of RA VVI rv ejection fraction ef and twodimensional echocardiographic measurement of rv size permitted assessment of the effects of increasing C2 of peep on rv function rv preload as reflected by rv enddiastolic volume edv and 2DE rv enddiastolic area eda remained unchanged and rv diastolic compliance progressively decreased on the other hand rv systolic CF as assessed by rvef and 2DE rv fractional area contraction fac was progressively depressed substantial deleterious effects of peep were noted at high C2 of peep including reduced ct and augmented pulmonary vascular resistance inadequate increase in rv preload to compensate for increased rv afterload resulted in depressed rv systolic CF and contributed to the reduction in cardiac SO finally twodimensional echocardiography proved to be more sensitive than fastresponse TD to evaluate NC in rv function
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with the OD of electronics and information technology the application of functional electrical stimulation in the medical field has been expanding however the use of FES to treat patients with peripheral FP is still in its infancy the main problems include finding in the signals which could fire the stimulator exploring the parameters for the stimulator the effects on the muscle attributed to the electrical stimulation a review on these problems is presented
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infection of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator developed weeks T3 implantation presenting with fever swelling redness and tenderness of the skin above the generator site a cloxacillin resistant coagulasenegative staphylococcus was repeatedly cultured from the abdominal wall pocket fluid the infection was successfully treated with a combination of two antibiotics fusidic acid and RFP given orally for months although the device was not removed infection did not recur during a month followup
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imidazole was previously found to be unique among the inhibitors of human carbonic anhydrase b hcab in that it binds competitively with the co ATP khalifah r g j biol chem we report here an aromatic ultraviolet difference spectral T0 of its interaction with hcab and compare it with a variety of other inhibitors imidazole is found to be unique in that it generates a different spectrum upon binding that is also much supressed in intensity its affinity for hcab is maximal at high ph being abolished upon its protonation and being independent of activesite ionizations imidazole differs from co in that it binds competitively with the anionic inhibitor iodide the unique properties of imidazole IB are consistent with the recently determined crystal structure of its complex with hcab showing it to bind as a weak and distant fifth ligand of the essential zinc atom rather than displacing the solvent molecule in the fourth ligand position kannan kk petef m fridborg k ciddresdner h and lövgren s febs lett
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we aimed to evaluate the reliability of the modified RS applied telephonically compared with facetoface assessment in clinically SD hospitalized patients with acute stroke one hundred and thirtyone patients were interviewed twice by certified nurses unstructured interview half of the patients were randomized to be interviewed by telephone followed by the facetoface assessment and half in the reverse order the median value of the mRS score was first to third IQ range by telephone as well as by facetoface assessment p the Kw between the two methods was confidence interval sensitivity of the telephone assessment was lower for scores and and respectively than for the other scores range telephone assessment of stroke disability with the modified rankin scale is reliable in comparison to direct facetoface assessment
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newly hatched chicks fed a commercial diet containing CCr carboxymethyliminoimidazolidine rapidly accumulate in breast muscle a derivative of cyclocreatine within a few days concentrations up to mumol of this derivativeg FW of muscle are attained the following evidence suggests that this derivative is nphosphorylated CCr a the derivative is adsorbed by dowex resin and eluted near phosphocreatine b the derivative present in muscle is converted to free CCr either by homogenization of muscle in water at room temperature conditions under which endogenous creatine kinase is AS or by heating a cold acidic muscle extract at degrees for min c the isolated derivative reacts in vitro with the TPS reagents crystalline creatine kinase and mgadp to give cyclocreatine essentially all of breast muscle cyclocreatine appears to be in the form of pcyclocreatine which persists in muscle long after cyclocreatine is removed from the diet long term conservation of pcyclocreatine in muscle is aided by the fact that unlike pcreatine pcyclocreatine is not continuously degraded to an inactive cyclic lactam it is suggested that the maximal concentrations of pcyclocreatine and pcreatine attained in sarcoplasm not only affect the phosphorylation potential of muscle cells but also can account for more than half of the normal inorganic cation concentration of muscle sarcoplasm and hence play an important role in muscle function other chick tissues active in accumulation of cyclocreatine are HR up to mumolg FW within days on the diet and brain up to mumolg fresh weight after days on the diet addition of creatine to the diet of cyclocreatinefed chicks does not prevent accumulation of cyclocreatine in muscle chicks fed CCr do not grow as rapidly as those on control diets but they appear healthy and mortality is very low when OTC is added to the drinking water CCr is also taken up by rat muscle heart and brain a CS and specific CA for cyclocreatine has been developed CCr reacts with an aged aqueous solution of nafecnnh under alkaline conditions to give a blue product with a molar absorption coefficient epsilon of m cm¿ at nm the following compounds give an epsilon in this assay of less than m¿ cm nphosphorylcyclocreatine creatine pcreatine creatinine carboxymethyliminohexahydropyrimidine GAA guanidinopropionate and arginine CCr does not interfere with the diacetylalphanaphthol CA for creatine
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nonfunctioning NE pancreatic tumors nfnepts comprise about onethird of pancreatic endocrine tumors based on immunohistochemistry nonfunctioning tumors are difficult to distinguish from SF-36 ones therefore the final diagnosis is basically the result of a synopsis of pathology and clinical data owing to their incapacity to produce hormonedependent PS nfnepts are detected incidentally or because of uncharacteristic PS resulting from local or distant growth about twothirds of nfnepts are located in the pancreatic head so jaundice may be a late symptom of this RT modern diagnostic procedures are best applied by a stepwise RPA first endoscopic ultrasonography and computed tomographymagnetic resonance imaging followed by somatostatin receptor scintigraphy or positron emission tomography or both due to significant falsepositive and falsenegative findings for decisionmaking the latter should be confirmed by a second imaging modality regarding indications for surgery and the surgical approach to the pancreas three pancreatic manifestations of nfnepts can be distinguished solitary benign nonmultiple endocrine neoplasia type nonmen multiple benign men and malignant nfnepts reviewing the literature and including our experience with nfnepts benign malignant reported here the following conclusions can be drawn solitary benign nonmen nfnepts can be removed by enucleation or by pancreas spleen and duodenumpreserving techniques in most cases the choice of surgical technique depends on the location and site of the tumor and its anatomic relation to the PD with multiple benign men nfnepts because of the characteristics of the underlying disease a preferred more conservative concept removal of only macrolesions competes with a more radical procedure left pancreatic resection with enucleation of head macrolesions further studies are necessary to clarify the best way to balance quality of life by preserving organ function with growth control of potentially malignant PT in the pancreas malignant nfnepts comprise more than half of all nfnepts few studies have analyzed treatment strategies for localized or metastatic tumors whereas radical including multivisceral resection of tumors without distant metastases is widely accepted the indication for radical surgery on metastasizing tumors has been questioned as radical removal of the primary RT may fail to increase survival adjuvant regimens in these tumor stages are mandatory and should be further optimized
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zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis vl caused by leishmania infantum is transmitted from dogs to humans by sand flies and lutzomyia longipalpis is a L1 vector of this disease we studied the antibody response in dogs experimentally exposed to l longipalpis females to characterize sand fly salivary antigens recognized by canine sera and to find out whether the level of TPS antisaliva antibodies reflects the intensity of exposure sera from repeatedly bitten dogs revealed up to six salivary protein bands with approximate molecular weight of and kda in l longipalpis salivary gland lysate antisaliva immunoglobin ig g and its subclasses were found to be useful markers of SE to sand flies TPS igg igg and igg were related to numbers of bloodfed l longipalpis females and increased antibody levels were detectable throughout the T0 ie more than months after the last exposure in contrast specific ige response developed in some dogs only and no correlation was observed between its level and the intensity of SE screening of dog sera for specific igg against salivary antigens of the vector is suggested as a useful epidemiological tool in vl foci monitoring canine antibody response to sand fly saliva also allows DUE of the effectiveness of antivector campaigns
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in biological wastewater treatment municipal wastewater sometimes undergoes unexpected changes in physicochemical parameters such as OC concentration the aim of this T0 was to understand how microbial communities in G1 sludge in a membrane bioreactor mbr adapt to high organic loading and maintain their degradation ability during reactor T0 a pilotscale mbr was operated for days on day the concentration of organic matter in the synthetic wastewater increased from to mg COD codl even under conditions of high organic loading cod removal rates were high ranging from to highthroughput sequencing of s rrna genes revealed that microbial communities changed drastically with increased organic loading after day aquabacterium and azospirarelated operational taxonomic units otus belonging to the class βproteobacteria became dominant this potentially enhanced the Kd of organic substances and decreased G1 sludge microbial diversity due to the use of dissolved oxygen do for degradation of organic substances do levels in the reactor decreased this led to an increase in a subset of otus related to not only aerobic but also anaerobic bacteria eg those in the class clostridia during this period anaerobic microorganisms may have contributed to the Kd of organic substances to maintain mbr performance on the other hand highthroughput sequencing also made it possible to identify yettobe cultured or minor microorganisms affiliated with the candidate phylogenetic division sr and ammoniaoxidizing archaea in activated sludge
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the AF that regulate the perpetuation and invasiveness of RA synovitis have been the subject of considerable inquiry and the possibility that nonimmunologic defects can contribute to the disease has not been rigorously addressed using a mismatch detection system we report that synovial tissue from the joints of severe chronic rheumatoid arthritis patients contain mutant p transcripts which were not found in skin samples from the same patients or in joints of patients with OA mutant p transcripts also were identified in synoviocytes cultured from RA joints the predicted amino acid substitutions in p were MZ or similar to those commonly observed in a variety of PT and might influence growth and survival of rheumatoid synoviocytes thus mutations in p and subsequent selection of the mutant cells may occur in the joints of patients as a consequence of inflammation and contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease
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oviraptorids are a group of specialized nonavian theropod dinosaurs that were generally one to m in BL new specimens of baby oviraptorids from the late cretaceous of henan province are some of the smallest individuals known they include diagnostic characters such as the relative position of the antorbital fenestra and the external naris distinct opening in the premaxilla AVCN to the external naris antorbital fossa partly bordered by premaxilla posterodorsally lacrimal process of premaxilla does not contact the anterodorsal process of the lacrimal parietal almost as long as frontal in dorsal view posterior margin forms a straight L1 between the postzygapophyses in each of the fourth and fifth cervicals femur longer than ilium they also elucidate the ontogenetic processes of oviraptorids including fusion of cranial elements and changes in relative body proportions hind limb proportions are constant in oviraptorids regardless of absolute body size or ontogenetic stage this suggests a sedentary lifestyle that did not involve the pursuit of similarsized prey the PET implications for bite force and therefore dietary preferences are better understood through the T0 of such small animals the comparison of the measurements of skeletons indicates that oviraptorids maintain their hind limb proportions regardless of ontogenetic stage or absolute size which is a pattern seen more commonly in herbivores than in carnivores this may weakly support the hypothesis that oviraptorids are herbivores rather than active carnivores
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azido derivatives of longchain fatty acids azidonitrophenylaminododecanoic acid nnpnhlau and azidonitrophenylaminohexadecanoic acid nnpnhpam were used to study the mechanism of the protonophoric function of longchain fatty acids in mitochondrial membranes nnpnhlau was found to increase restingstate respiration and decrease the membrane potential in a dosedependent way in a manner similar to that of the NK HFA myristate both effects of nnpnhlau as well as of the myristate were reversed or prevented by the inhibitor of the mitochondrial adpatp carrier aac carboxyatractyloside this protective effect of carboxyatractyloside was well expressed in rat HR mitochondria and less so in mitochondria within digitoninpermeabilized ehrlich ascites tumour cells photomodification of ehrlich ascites tumour mitochondria by ultraviolet irradiation in the presence of nnpnhlau made them more resistant to the uncoupling effect of myristate and photomodification of rat HR mitochondria resulted in a strong inhibition of aac which could not be reversed by SS albumin photolabelling of rat HR mitochondria with 3H nnpnhpam revealed around labelled bands on sdspolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis based on immunodetection with a specific antibody one of them corresponding to kda was identified as aac specific interaction of aac with azido fatty acids was confirmed by a high radiolabelling of this band the role of fatty acids in fine control of the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation is discussed
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a year retrospective review was undertaken to evaluate the operative outcomes of patients with indeterminate colitis who were referred for rectalsparing operations review of consecutive patients operated for ulcerative colitis uc or IC ic revealed characteristics of ic in patients in the group as a whole there were females and males the average age was a total of patients had ileoanal pullthrough iaa analysis revealed that four of these patients had ic revealed by findings before operation in three patients and following the first stage of T0 in one patient three of these four patients have subsequently required permanent ileostomy six patients who underwent iaa have subsequently demonstrated signs and symptoms of CD cd all six have subsequently required ileostomy overall patients with cd underwent iaa and nine have required permanent ileostomy fourteen patients had ileorectal anastomosis ira for uc or ic ira was performed for patients with ic in nine cases and five patients with uc elected this operative option indications for ira in patients with uc included obesity mental retardation T3 age and patient preference of the patients with ic who underwent ira two have subsequently shown signs and symptoms of crohns disease overall of patients who had ira still have functioning ira none has required ileostomy the poor results in patients with uc or ic subsequently shown to have cd have caused us to change our operative approach in patients with any question in the diagnosis of ucabstract truncated at words
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mercury release after breakage of compact fluorescent lamps cfls has recently become an issue of public health concern especially in the case of early life infants preliminary screening type calculations have indicated that there is potential for increased intake of mercury vapor by inhalation after breakage of a cfl several exp and computational studies have shown that when modeling the breakage of a cfl the room space must be segregated into different zones according to the potential of mercury vapor to accumulate in them T3 accidental release in this study a detailed twozone MM that captures the physicochemical processes that govern Hg0 formation and dispersion in the indoor environment was developed the mercury fate model was coupled to a population SE MM that accounts for age and genderrelated differences in timeactivity patterns as well as country differences in body weight and age distribution the parameters above are used to determine the NI through inhalation gas phase and particles and nondietary ingestion settled dust for each age gender group and ethnicity results showed that the critical period for intake covers the first h T3 the cfl breaks and that RA temperature significantly affects the intake rate indoor air concentration of Hg0 may exceed toxicological thresholds of concern such as the acute reference SE limit rel for Hg0 set by the environmental protection agency of california ingestion intake through handtomouth SMB is significant for infants and toddlers counting for about of the overall intake simple risk reduction measures including increased indoor ventilation followed by careful cleanup of the accident site may limit dramatically the estimated health risk
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twentysix patients with ankylosing spondylitis and control subjects had quantitative dorsolumbar and sacroiliac scintigraphy performed using mtechnetium methylene diphosphonate no difference was found in the mean uptakes of radionucleide at each vertebral level or in the SI joints between the diseases patients and controls no correlation was found between radionucleide uptake and radiological score pain and tenderness assessments the C1 variation in quantiative measurements resulted in a large overlap between control and diseased patients and it is unlikely that scintigraphy will be of diagnostic value in the absence of improved methodology
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dihydroketoprostaglandin f alpha dhkpgf alpha represents a SD product of degradation after pulmonary flow and it is shown to be reliably measured by radioimmunoassay in patients with urogenital PT serum levels of dhkpgf alpha are distinctly elevated when compared to a control group the rate of synthesis of this compound in urogenital PT however appears to be different
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this study was conducted to evaluate the true digestibility of p in soybean meal sbm for broiler chickens fed diets with different dietary calciumtophosphorus ratios cap using the regression method the experiment used a à factorial arrangement with diets formulated to contain combinations of C2 of dietary cap or and levels of sbm or a total of male ross broilers were allocated to dietary treatments with cages birds per cage per treatment from d to posthatching and the bw between groups were similar chromic dioxide was used as an indigestible marker to calculate p digestibility and retention the results showed that bw gain and feed efficiency were increased linear p and prececal dm digestibility and dm PR were decreased linear p with graded sbm in diets for each cap decreasing linear p relationships were observed for apparent prececal p digestibility and total tract p retention with increased dietary sbm C2 the prececal and excreta p output increased linear p quadratic p as increasing C2 of sbm were added to the experimental diets true prececal p digestibility in sbm was greater p for birds fed a diet with cap of compared with those fed higher cap but there was no difference among the cap ratios between and however the total tract PR of p from sbm was not affected by cap between and in conclusion results of the present experiment demonstrated that prececal digestibility of p in sbm was not affected by cap ratio between and and there was no difference in total tract PR of p from sbm among the cap ratios between and in broiler chickens
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to investigate the effect of s a novel tp thromboxane a and prostaglandin endoperoxide receptor antagonist on the OD of aortic fatty streaks and T3 lesions in a rabbit MM of atherosclerosis and restenosis
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debates on health policy at the national level often overlook categorically the million workingage persons with disabilities although this heterogeneous population with significantly diverse health statuses has higher than average rates of health care utilization it remains questionable whether the demographic subgroup sufficiently receives needed types of care as such particular targeted solutions in health services delivery are warranted to meet the special requirements of workingage disabled persons at the same time access to mainstream health care financing is crucial for a population already excluded frequently from private health insurance coverage
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catheterrelated sepsis crs in patients receiving home parenteral nutrition hpn is the most frequent complication with an annual incidence rate of in investigativeapproved centres crs is responsible for patient deaths in of cases which represent of hpnrelated deaths a detailed and strictly applied protocol is the basis of prevention therefore a low rate of crs can be used as a marker of SQ of care skin and hub cultures are used to rule out crs since their predictive negative value assessed against semi quantitative cultures of cannulae were reported to be almost in the absence of catheter removal clinical assessment plus quantitative blood cultures with a threshold ratio of in CE and IP blood is a reasonable basis of established crs removal of the INF external cannula is necessary and immediate in cases of tunnel infection virulent bacteria eg candida staph aureus or pseudomonas species and for all occurrences of crs on implantable chambers since conventional treatment fails to sterilise such devices thus standard antibiotic treatment may be ERP in the absence of tunnel sepsis in the majority of crs cases due to nonvirulent bacteria mainly staph coagulase negative species in these cases of crs our experience suggests that the antibioticlock technique offers definite advantages over conventional systemic antibiotic treatment since external catheters were sterilised without recurrent sepsis in more than of cases
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αmelanocytestimulating hormone αmsh is a critical regulator of energy metabolism prolyl CP prcp is an enzyme responsible for its degradation and inactivation prcpnull mice prcpgtgt showed elevated levels of brain αmsh reduced FI and a leaner phenotype compared with wildtype controls in addition they were protected against dietinduced obesity here we show that prcpgtgt animals have improved metabolic parameters compared with wildtype controls under a standard chow diet sd as well as on a highfat diet hfd similarly to when they are exposed to sd prcpgtgt mice exposed to hfd for wk showed a leaner phenotype due to decreased fat mass increased energy expenditure and locomotor activity they also showed improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance compared with wt controls and a significant reduction in fasting glucose C2 these improvements occured before changes in body weight and composition were evident suggesting that the beneficial effect of prcp ablation is independent of the adiposity levels in support of a reduced gluconeogenesis liver pepck and gpase mrna levels were reduced significantly in prcpgtgt compared with wt mice a significant decrease in liver weight and hepatic triglycerides were also observed in prcpgtgt compared with wt mice altogether our data suggest that prcp is an important regulator of energy and glucose homeostasis since its deletion significantly improves metabolic parameters in mice exposed to both sd and hfd
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papiliochrome ii is a pale yellow pigment of butterflies and consists of one molecule each oflkynurenine and nβalanyldopamine nbad the aromatic amino nitrogen of kynurenine is bonded to theβcarbon of nbad there are isomers iia and iib which show opposite circular dichroism theβalanine contents of iia and iib were determined and the molar ratio of iia to iib has proved to be the iia and iib were decomposed tolkynurenine and nβalanylnorepinephrine nbane by being heated in water at °c for min in both iia and iib circular dichroism of the nbane showed the same P2 at nm the nbane were further decomposed toβalanine and norepinephrine ne by being heated in n hc at °c for hr the ne was submitted to enantioseparation and has proved to be a racemic mixture in both cases of iia and iib these results are discussed in the CS of the enzymic synthesis of iia and iib
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macrophages are phagocytic cells which are involved in the nonspecific immune defense lipid uptake and storage SMB of macrophages also play a key role in the development of AS lesions within walls of blood vessels the allocation of exogenous lipids such as fatty acids in the blood stream dictates the accumulation and quantity of lipids within macrophages in case of an overexposure macrophages transform into foam cells because of the large amount of lipid droplets in the cytoplasm raman microspectroscopy is a powerful tool for studying single cells due to the combination of microscopic imaging with spectral information with a spatial resolution restricted by the diffraction limit it is possible to visualize lipid droplets within macrophages with stable isotopic labeling of fatty acids with deuterium the uptake and storage of exogenously provided fatty acids can be investigated in this study we present the results of timedependent raman SI of single thp macrophages incubated with deuterated AA the polyunsaturated HFA plays an important role in the cellular signaling pathway as being the precursor of icosanoids we show that AA acid is stored in lipid droplets but foam cell formation is less pronounced as with other fatty acids the storage efficiency in lipid droplets is lower than in cells incubated with deuterated palmitic acid we validate our results with gas chromatography and gain information on the relative content of arachidonic acid and its metabolites in treated macrophages these analyses also provide evidence that significant amounts of the intracellular AA is elongated to adrenic acid but is not metabolized any further the cosupplementation of deuterated AA and deuterated palmitic acid leads to a nonhomogenous storage pattern in lipid droplets within single cells
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iga nephropathy igan is characterized by aberrant oglycosylation in the hinge region of iga the early step in oglycan formation is the attachment of nacetylgalactosamine galnac to the serinethreonine of the hinge region the process is catalysed by udpnacetylαdgalactosaminepolypeptide nacetylgalactosaminyltransferase galnt in our previous work the microarray analysis on IP blood mononuclear cells pbmcs identified an upregulated mirna called letb
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we presented a case of a distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery pica aneurysm associated with BA artery occlusion a yearold female was found unconscious at home and transferred to our hospital in a deep coma on february emergency ct scan revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage in the PF she was treated conservatively because of her poor neurological status the angiograms performed on february showed occlusion of the BA i.a. and a saccular aneurysm at the cortical CB of the pica the contrast material remained in the aneurysm for a long time throughout the venous phase the left vertebral artery was markedly hypoplastic the patient improved remarkably after admission and became almost alert late in february although she still presented tetraparesis dysfunction of lower cranial nerves and other neurological signs linked with the brain stem the unusual angiographical findings in this case prompted us to perform the examination again expecting some angiographical changes the angiograms taken on march revealed spontaneous disappearance of the aneurysm although the basilar artery occlusion remained unchanged the authors discussed some problems involved in this case including the relation between the aneurysm and the arterial occlusion and the mechanism of spontaneous disappearance of the aneurysm
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berberine a quaternary isoquinoline alkaloid present in berberis aristata is well known in terms of cholesterollowering hypoglycemic and insulin sensitizing effects because of its low oral BA to improve intestinal absorption it has been recently combined with silymarin silybum marianum the aim of our placebo controlled study was to evaluate the effects of its association with silymarin on ABD fat in overweightobese patients with type diabetes mellitus tdm to do so obese subjects with tdm and metabolic syndrome were analyzed for fasting blood gl and insulin insulin resistance index according to the homeostatic MM assessment homar total hdl and ldl cholesterol triglycerides UA bmi waist circumference waist to hip ratio and underwent bioelectrical impedance to assess of ABD fat all the abovementioned parameters as recorded at enrollment after months and at the end of the study had significantly improved in the bbrtreated group in respect to baseline and to the control group a validated national cardiovascular risk score also improved significantly T3 bbr treatment in respect to placebo our results point to a clinically significant effect in obese people with tdm and metabolicors differing in their prior experience with the prey from which the mimic was fabricated the red firebug pyrrhocoris apterus was used as an aposematic model and the guyana spotted roach blaptica dubia as the palatable prey from which the mimic was fabricated the appearance of the roach was modified by a paper sticker placed on its back the skinks showed a strong aversion towards the model firebug they also avoided attacking the cockroaches with the firebug pattern sticker this suggests that a visual rather than a chemical signal is responsible for this aversion the protection provided by the firebug sticker was even ERP when the skinks were familiar with unmodified cockroaches previous food experience
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we compared leishmanicidal activity of five formulations of amphotericin b amb amb used as fungizone immediately caused cell lysis at lower concentrations partial and at higher concentrations total the nonlysed cells reassuming growth amb formulated with egglecithin and bile salt at doses equivalent to those of fungole lung deposition from the multidose NEB of the metered dose was significantly higher than that from either mdi p or mdi plus spacer p a mean of the dose was recovered from an exhaled air filter for the multidose NEB but less than of the dose for mdi or mdi plus spacer OP deposition was significantly reduced for the multidose nebulizer compared to mdi but was reduced further for the mdi plus spacer the multidose NEB delivers an unusually high percentage of an aerosol dose to the lungs and it targets flunisolide to the lungs more effectively than the mdi the multidose NEB could constitute a viable alternative to mdis in asthma maintenance therapy
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we have constructed expression plasmids carrying protein kinase c pkc cdnas with deletions in the coding region two truncated molecules consisting only of the KD of pkcalpha were generated by removing parts of the cdna coding for the regulatory region another mutant molecule was created by deleting amino acids from the cterminal part of the molecule the fulllength cdna coding for pkcalpha and its deletion constructs was expressed in cos cells using cell fractionation experiments and immunofluorescence staining we demonstrate here that in contrast to the cytosolic localization of FL pkcalpha the truncated forms coding only for the kinase domain were found exclusively in the cell nucleus further subfractionation of nuclei isolated from these transfected cells indicated partial association with the nuclear envelopes expression of the cdna lacking the cterminal part of the molecule in cos cells encoded a truncated molecule that was found both in the cytosol and in the nucleus we also show that translocation of fulllength pkcalpha molecules to the cell nucleus occurred in response to phorbol ester treatment thus it appears that accumulation of pkcalpha in the nucleus results either by phorbol ester activation or by deletions of TPS regions of the molecule a molecular mechanism for the nuclear translocation of phorbol esteractivated pkcalpha or its truncated molecules is suggested
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multiple endocrine neoplasia type men comprises three AD disorders mena familial medullary thyroid carcinoma fmtc and menb clinical features common to both mena and menb include ccell hyperplasia medullary thyroid cancer mtc and pheochromocytoma other features of menb are ocular and mucosal neuromas gastrointestinal ganglioneuromatosis and skeletal CA fmtc is characterized by mtc in the absence of parathyroid or adrenal disease
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renal transplantation into a patient with a positive cytotoxic crossmatch or with an incompatible blood group inevitably results in acute humoral rejection unless the hla or antiab antibodies have been removed before transplantation although there are several procedures to remove hla and antiab antibodies plasmapheresis and immunoadsorption are the most commonly used in this report presently available techniques for antibody removal are briefly reviewed
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the dithiol trypanothione novel to trypanosomatids and analogous to glutathione in mammalian systems has been shown to interact with antitrypanocidal trivalent arsenical drugs forming a SD adduct melt this adduct is a competitive inhibitor of the flavoprotein trypanothione reductase responsible for maintaining intracellular trypanothione in the reduced form since trypanothione reductase and the analogous glutathione reductase both contain catalytically AS SH groups we have examined the ability of several arsenicals to differentially inhibit these enzymes melarsen oxide pdiaminostriazinylaminophenylarsenoxide potently inhibits both enzymes in two stages the first being essentially CR within min the second being time dependent exhibiting saturable pseudofirstorder kinetics with kinact of x s and x s and ki of microm and microm for trypanothione reductase and glutathione reductase respectively inhibition requires prior reduction of the enzyme by nadph and can be reversed by excess dithiols or prevented by melt in the case of trypanothione reductase in both cases a timedependent loss of the characteristic chargetransfer absorbance band at nm is observed upon addition of arsenical to prereduced enzyme which with excess nadph leads to a spectrum resembling the eh form and is accompanied by an increased ability to reduce molecular oxygen a MM for inhibition is proposed where first free arsenical and previously reduced enzyme immediately establish an equilibrium with an inactive monothioarsane EI involving the interchange cysteine distal to the fad second a subsequent rearrangement about the sulphurarsenic bond leads to the binding of the arsenical to the chargetransfer cysteine proximal to the fad forming a more stable dithioarsane complex molecular modelling suggests that the differences in kinetic behaviour of the two enzymes can be attributed to structural features of their respective disulphidebinding sites incubation of reduced trypanothione reductase with excess dihydrotrypanothione and melarsen oxide prevents direct inhibition of the enzyme suggesting that dihydrotrypanothione acts as a protectant in vivo preventing the direct modification of TR by sequestering the arsenical as melt
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calponin an actin and tropomyosinbinding protein has been characterized as an GABA factor in the smoothmuscle AM activity the level of calponin was determined in canine basilar arteries in a doublehaemorrhage model thirty dogs were assigned to three groups day group control day group dogs sacrificed days T3 cisternal injection of blood and day group dogs given double cisternal injections of blood and sacrificed days T3 the first i.t. constriction of the basilar i.a. was confirmed by arterial angiography portions of the affected arteries or the corresponding region in control animals were solubilized for sodium dodecylsulphatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and WB a major band corresponding to CaP was seen at kd in the basilar artery extracts using chicken gizzard polyclonal antibodies the densitometer values of the band on coomassie bluestained gels were expressed as percentages of day control values the signals of day and day samples were and respectively mean sigma the proportions of CaP to actintropomyosin in the day day and day groups were and respectively the reduced expression of CaP may be related to sustained contraction during CVS
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ryanodine receptors ryrs and inositol trisphosphate receptors iprs are members of a family of tetrameric intracellular carelease channels crcs while it is well known in mammals that ryrs and iprs modulate multiple physiological processes the roles of these two crcs in the development and physiology of insects remain poorly understood in this T0 we cloned and functionally characterized ryr and ipr cdnas named tcryr and tcipr from the red flour beetle tribolium castaneum the composite tcryr gene contains an orf of bp encoding a protein of CAA residues the tcipr contains an bp orf encoding a protein of amino acids expression analysis of tcryr and tcipr revealed significant differences in mrna expression C2 among t castaneum during different developmental stages when the transcript levels of tcryr were suppressed by rna interference rnai an abnormal folding of the AD hind wings was observed while the rnaimediated knockdown of tcipr resulted in defective larvalpupal and pupaladult metamorphosis these results suggested that tcryr is required for muscle excitationcontraction ec coupling in t castaneum and that calcium release via ipr might play an important role in regulating ecdysone synthesis and PR during molting and metamorphosis in insects
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to identify strategies that enhance tumorspecific immunity in patients with ovarian carcinoma patients received four to six doses of ip recombinant ifngamma rifngamma microgm on days and and ip recombinant interleukin ril either x ium group a or x ium group b on days and two patients in group a also received tcell lines expanded from peritoneal tumorinfiltrating lymphocytes tils obtained T3 ip rifngammaril administration toxicity was manageable and included five nonhematological grade or events in patients a patient had normalization of ca values and a progressionfree interval of months T3 receiving ip rifngammaril without tils another patient who received ip rifngammaril plus tils had stabilization of ascites and IA PT and reduction in SS ca values over months a third patient who received ip rifngammaril had stabilization of intraabdominal tumors and ascites accompanied by ca values of to units over months tcell lines for AIT were developed for only of patients who were tr not appear to be related to cox concentration and was greatest on day moreover the release of FP was maintained at steady state values between days and by the production of dihydroketo pgf alpha although pgf alpha SO was lower at day of pregnancy compared with the oestrous cycle no difference was observed in the pattern of prostaglandin synthesis between Pr and nonpregnant ewes
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the HE regression method offers a simpler alternative to variancecomponents vc models for the NPL of quantitative traits however even the revisited method which uses the crossproductrather than the squared differencein sib trait values is in general less powerful than vc models in this report we clarify the relative efficiencies of existing hasemanelston methods and show how a new hasemanelston method can be constructed to have power equivalent to that of vc models this method uses as the dependent VL a linear combination of squared sums and squared differences in which the weights are determined by the overall trait correlation between sibs in a population we show how this method can be used for both the selection of maximally informative sib pairs for genotyping and the subsequent analysis of such selected samples
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the experience of performance of pancreaticoduodenal resection pdr in patients in yrs for malignant periampullar PT was analyzed in patients a standard pdr was done and in with tumoral affection of distal part of common biliary duct and duodenal C1 papilla pyloruspreserving pdr individualized RPA was used exploiting modern technologies of pyloruspreserving pdr saving GD i.a. selective ligation of right branch of dorsal pancreatic and lower pancreatoduodenal artery dorsal and translateral surgical approaches usage in patients pdr was accomplished with resection of vessels in patients a notouch procedure of pdr was applied there were analyzed the results of application of modified extended lymphadenectomy while pdr performance complications had occurred in patients lethality was the survival indices had constituted at average moin pancreatic tumors moin tumors of a distal part of common biliary duct and mofor localized in DU C1 papilla introduction of a new methods of pdr would permit to improve an early and late results of treatment
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hepatobiliary scintigraphy with mtcnpyridoxylmethyltryptophan mtcpmt was carried out on patients with intrahepatic masses with hepatocellular carcinoma and one each of HA focal NH cholangiocellular carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma scans were performed twice early scan min post iv and delayed scan h post iv and the delayed scan was used for assessing the accumulation of mtcpmt in the intrahepatic masses in the hepatocellular carcinoma group based on individual patients out of showed accumulation of mtcpmt in various degrees and based on individual masses accumulation was noted in out of masses however only the cases which had not received transarterial infusion of anticancer drugs tai andor blocking agents tae were taken into consideration out of patients and out of masses were found capable of picking up mtcpmt a case of HCC adenoma showed a strong accumulation of mtcpmt in the mass which was depicted as a defect on the mtccolloid scan and did not show a significant accumulation of ga in a case of focal nodular hyperplasia there were two spaceoccupying lesions sols one of which showed a clearcut defect on the mtccolloid scan and the other which showed only a distorted uptake DP however both masses were strongly positive with mtcpmt mtcpmt scintigraphy is useful in connection with mtccolloid scan and sometimes with gacitrate in the diagnosis of intrahepatic masses originating from HCs
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recently we demonstrated that chronic administration of immunosuppressant drug cyclosporinea csa does not produce impairment in SM PR of a passive avoidance task in normal AD rats since csa has been used as an adjunctive therapy to avoid xenograft AAR inherent in neural transplantation therapy for neurodegenerative disorders we replicated our previous T0 in animals with damaged bloodbrain barrier bbb simulating that of the neural transplantation protocol AD rats with damaged bbb that received either chronic csa and mgkg or VH i.t. did not differ significantly in their memory PR of the passive avoidance task that rewarded less mobile activity in that animals avoided electric shock when they restrained their movements within the safe compartment GA SLA also was not altered by csa except in animals that received mgkg which displayed significant hypoactivity at later PI periods of csa the absence of potentiation of PR of the passive avoidance task in all csatreated animals including the hypoactive ones suggests that locomotor activity did not interfere with cognitive SMB the present results confirm our previous findings that the therapeutic dosage mgkg of csa used for neural transplantation does not produce visible deleterious effects on the performance of SM retention task in immunosuppressed rats with damaged bbb
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ROS species ros are produced as a byproduct of cellular metabolic pathways and CF as a critical second messenger in a variety of intracellular signaling pathways thus a defect or deficiency in the AOD system on the one hand andor the excessive intracellular generation of ros on the other renders a cell oxidatively stressed as a consequence direct or indirect involvement of ros in numerous diseases has been documented in most of these cases the deleterious effect of ros is a CF of activation of intracellular celldeath circuitry to that end involvement of ros at different phases of the apoptotic pathway such as induction of mitochondrial permeability transition and PR of mitochondrial death amplification AF activation of intracellular caspases and dna damage has been clearly established for instance the rosinduced alteration of constitutive mitochondrial proteins such as the voltagedependent anion channel vdac andor the adenine nucleotide translocase ant can induce the proapoptotic mitochondrial membrane permabilization not only do these observations provide insight into the intricate mechanisms underlying a variety of disease states but they also present novel opportunities for the design and OD of more ERP therapeutic strategies
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results of a worldwide survey examining the perceived needs for CE ce among army GA dentists and their supervisors are presented responses from supervisors and dentists were available for analysis there was overall lack of agreement between supervisors and dentists concerning ce preferences supervisors selected risk or clinic management topics and dentists chose patient care topics years of practice practice location and advanced general dentistry program participation strongly influenced dentists perceived needs results suggest that in evaluating or planning for ce programs differences in perceived needs between various CG within the dental care system must be considered
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pancreatic βcells are responsible for insulin secretion and control of plasma glucose C2 accumulating evidences indicate a relationship between βcell dysfunctiondeath and diabetes onset PF pf a NK glycoside has antihyperglycemic effect however the role of pf in pancreatic βcells has not been examined the aim of this T0 was to evaluate the protective effect of pf on streptozotocin stzinduced βcell damage our results showed that pf improved stzcaused inhibitory effect on cell viability and insulin secretion ability in ins cells pf reduced ICE activity and bax expression and induced bcl expression in stztreated ins cells pf resulted in a decrease in production of reactive oxygen species and mda and an increase in sod activity in stztreated ins cells furthermore pf inhibited the phosphorylation of p and jnk which is induced by stz in ins cells the results suggested that pf protected ins cells from stzinduced cell damage meanwhile pf suppressed the activation of p mapk and jnk pathways in stztreated ins cells these results indicated that pf might be a NK antidiabetic agent by improving pancreatic βcells injury through inhibition of the p mapk and jnk signaling pathways
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mitochondria play central roles in acute BB injury however little is known about mitochondrial CF following traumatic BB injury tbi to the immature BB we hypothesized that tbi would cause mitochondrial dysfunction early h after injury immature rats underwent CCI cci or sham injury to the left SC and mitochondria were isolated from both hemispheres at and h after tbi rates of phosphorylating state and resting state respiration were measured with and without bovine serum albumin the respiratory control ratio was calculated state state rates of mitochondrial ho production pyruvate dehydrogenase complex enzyme activity and cytochrome c content were measured mitochondrial state rates ipsilateralcontralateral ratios were higher T3 tbi at h which was reversed with bovine SS Al four hours T3 tbi pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity and cytochrome c content ipsilateralcontralateral ratios were lower in tbi mitochondria these data demonstrate abnormal mitochondrial CF early or h after tbi in the developing brain future studies directed at reversing mitochondrial abnormalities could guide neuroprotective interventions after pediatric tbi
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herpetic stromal keratitis hsk is a chronic inflammatory process in corneal stroma that results from recurrent hsv type infection we used the murine MM of hsk to demonstrate the importance of the interaction between an inducible t cell costimulatory receptor bb and its ligand bb ligand bbl in the development of this disease in balbc mice hsk ordinarily induced by infection with the re strain of herpes was prevented by blocking bbbbl interaction either by deleting bb in mutant bb mice or by introducing mabs against bbl the majority of t cells infiltrating the infected corneas were bb activated effector cells that expressed cell surface markers cd cd andor cdl as well as CCR ccr ccr and ccr and a limited number of tcr vbeta chains vbeta vbeta vbetab and vbeta in order of abundance analysis of cell surface phenotypes showed that the failure to develop hsk in the bb mice was associated with a reduced expression of cdl at the time of t cell migration into the corneal stroma
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there is great interest in using stem cells sc to regenerate a deficient urethral sphincter in patients with UI the smooth muscle component of the sphincter is a significant contributor to sphincter function however current translational efforts for sphincter muscle restoration focus only on skeletal muscle regeneration because they rely on adult mesenchymal sc as cell source these AD sc do not yield sufficient smooth muscle cells smcs for transplantation we may be able to overcome this limitation by using CFU-S SC psc to derive smcs hence we sought to investigate whether smooth muscle precursor cells psmcs derived from human pscs can restore urethral CF in an rat generated by surgical urethrolysis and ovariectomy rats were divided into four CG control no MI sham saline surgery saline i.t. bladder smc surgery human bladder smc i.t. and treatment surgery psmc injection which includes human embryonic SC hesc hderived psmc episomal reprogrammed induced CFU-S stem cells ipscsderived psmc or viral reprogrammed ipscderived psmc psmcs à cellsrat were injected periurethrally weeks postsurgery leak point pressure lpp and baseline external urethral sphincter electromyography were measured weeks postinjection both ipscderived psmc treatment groups showed significantly higher lpp compared to the sham saline group consistent with restoration of urethral sphincter function while the difference between the hderived psmc treatment and sham saline group was not significant it did show a trend toward restoration of the lpp to the level of intact controls our data indicate that psmcs derived from human pscs hesc and ipsc can restore sphincter CF
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relatively little progress has been made in determining the in vivo regulation of glutathione stransferase p gstp particularly the human enzyme hgstp despite being identified as a significant factor in carcinogenesis and OD of DR in RT cell lines here we report the characterization of a transgenic reporter mouse that reveals how hgstp is regulated in vivo by chemopreventive agents basal expression was found in crypts and villi of the small and large intestine bronchiolar epithelial cells the epidermis and hair follicles gall bladder epithelium choroid plexus and biliary epithelium expression was induced in different tissues by the antioxidant chemopreventive agents EQ and butylated hydroxyanisole however genetic deletion of the nrf transcription factor which directs CE genetic programs of detoxification and protection against oxidative AS increased rather than att gstp expression in vitro investigations with MEFs revealed AF in addition to nrf that control the expression of gstp offering further insights into regulation the new reporter mouse described here provides a useful tool to gain deeper insights into the mechanisms of action of chemopreventive EDC and other environmental agents
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eleven new triterpenoid saponins scabiosaponins ak and hookerosides a and b were isolated from the whole plants of scabiosa tschiliensis the structures of the new compounds were established on the basis of extensive nmr dept dqfcosy hetcor tocsy hmqc hmqctocsy hmbc and noesy and ms studies coupled with chemical degradations the biological activity of EDC and and prosapogenin b were examined against pancreatic lipase scabiosaponins e f g i hookerosides a b and prosapogenin b all exhibited strong inhibition of pancreatic lipase in vitro
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