text
listlengths 3
270
| source
stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|
[
[
"WNET (Rhode Island)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''WNET''' was a television station broadcasting on ultra high frequency (UHF) channel 16 serving Providence, Rhode Island, United States, from April 5, 1954, to July 10, 1955.It was owned by Channel 16 of Rhode Island, Inc., and aired programs from the CBS, ABC, and DuMont television networks.",
"The station's facilities were located in Rehoboth, Massachusetts.On the air, the station was generally economically unsuccessful, with losses averaging $11,000 a month ($ in dollars) because of technical and economic inequities inherent in early UHF television broadcasting.",
"Off the air, its history was dominated by a lengthy fight with Cherry & Webb, which held a permit to bring Rhode Island a second very high frequency (VHF) station that could reach all homes and whose proposed station Channel 16 of Rhode Island believed would cause it economic injury.",
"WNET lost the battle, and WPRO-TV began broadcasting over VHF channel 12 on March 27, 1955; channel 16 discontinued all of its local programs before folding in July.On paper, WNET continued to exist long after it left the air.",
"It lost a battle to move channel 3 from Hartford, Connecticut, to Westerly for its use, and it settled the dispute with Cherry & Webb in 1957.In 1969, the Federal Communications Commission deleted its construction permit for failure to return to the air.",
"Channel 16 of New England successfully appealed the dismissal, but by that point, the WNET call sign had been assigned to the New York City–area public TV station.",
"Additionally, the FCC moved the station to channel 64 because it had already channel 16 for land mobile radio system use regionally.",
"The permit was sold in 1980 to a group intending to use it for subscription television programming, which returned the station to air in December 1981—more than 26 years after WNET signed off—as WSTG, today's WNAC-TV."
],
[
"UHF comes to Providence",
"When the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) ended its multi-year freeze on new television station grants in April 1952, it made several changes to television station allocations.",
"New channels were opened in the ultra high frequency (UHF) band, of which Providence was allotted two: channel 16 for commercial use and channel 22 for an educational broadcaster.",
"On the very high frequency (VHF) band, Providence's pre-freeze station, WJAR-TV, was ordered to move from channel 11 to channel 10, and channel 12 was left open for a second VHF station.",
"Prior to the freeze, Cherry & Webb—owner of Providence radio station WPRO—had applied for a television station.",
"Two applicants made bids for channel 16.First to apply was the New England Television Company, a group of businessmen in various industries.",
"This firm was soon opposed by Television Associates of Rhode Island, which counted more than 600 stockholders.",
"Much like in the case of channel 12—which had a competing applicant—this made a hearing necessary to determine who should be granted the permit.",
"That hearing was not likely to be held in the immediate future.",
"In navigating the post-freeze wave of TV station applications, the FCC prioritized communities without existing stations.",
"As a result, Providence was in 1,219th position out of 1,225 cities on the FCC priority list.",
"On February 28, 1953, Television Associates of Rhode Island and New England Television Company merged their applications, obviating the need for a hearing.",
"The combined firm received the permit on April 8, 1953, and stated its intention to go on the air in November 1953.Little action occurred to build the station.",
"Later that year, Channel 16 of Rhode Island lodged a protest to a similar merger of applicants that had permitted Cherry & Webb to receive the channel 12 permit.",
"At the time, WPRO-TV was projected to sign on in mid-October.",
"Channel 16 of Rhode Island believed that if WPRO-TV got on the air quickly, it would leave no programming or advertisers for its station.",
"It also argued that the merger agreement for channel 12 violated FCC rules by combining ownership interests in other radio stations beyond WPRO and that Cherry & Webb had engaged in unauthorized construction of a TV facility prior to receiving the grant.",
"The protest was successful.",
"On October 16, the FCC ordered a halt to construction activities and prevented Cherry & Webb from putting WPRO-TV on the air so it could hold a hearing on the matter.",
"In a move that underlined the economic stakes for channel 16, its principals pulled out of a separate plan to build a UHF station in Fall River, Massachusetts; William H. Keogh, radio and TV editor of ''The Providence Journal'', pointed out that UHF stations were hamstrung by the inability of many sets to tune them without converters and low uptake of converters in markets with UHF stations.The legal battle between Channel 16 of Rhode Island and Cherry & Webb continued after the hearing order.",
"The latter sought information on the ownership interests of the former, and when the FCC granted more time for Channel 16 of Rhode Island to build WNET, Cherry & Webb responded by asking the FCC to block further construction activity on the UHF station.",
"The commission refused to take up this plea.",
"In a separate matter, Channel 16 of Rhode Island sued Cherry & Webb for defamation in connection with newspaper advertisements it ran: the case was initially dismissed by a judge as \"legally insufficient\"."
],
[
"Channel 16 on the air",
"Meanwhile, Channel 16 of Rhode Island ordered equipment to build WNET in November 1953 and began construction the next month.",
"Much of the work on the station's facility in Rehoboth, Massachusetts, was completed by mid-March.",
"The station anticipated broadcasting to some 25,000 UHF-equipped homes in its coverage area, though in Rhode Island alone there were over 217,000 families with TV sets.",
"A test pattern first went out on March 25, and test broadcasts began on April 5, featuring locally broadcast films as well as network film broadcasts; the station had agreements to air CBS, ABC, and DuMont Television Network programs not already seen in Providence.",
"While these tests continued, Cherry & Webb petitioned the FCC for reconsideration of its bid to halt channel 16's operations.",
"WNET formally began broadcasting on May 2, 1954, with the broadcast of a dedication and its first live studio and outside programs from its studio at Pine and Walker streets in Rehoboth.Looming over the early months of WNET's broadcasting was the FCC's impending decision in the WPRO-TV case, which became highly anticipated.",
"In an October 1954 article, John C. Quinn of ''The Journal'' called it \"a championship bout in broadcasting circles\" that had moved much slower than the expedited handling required of protest investigations.",
"The commission issued its 5–1 decision on January 6, 1955, and gave Cherry & Webb approval to build WPRO-TV.",
"The commission found that it would be in the public interest to authorize construction to proceed.",
"Channel 12 would not be able to sign on immediately, as the planned tower had been knocked down by Hurricane Carol the year before.",
"Channel 16 of Rhode Island immediately took the case to the Court of Appeals for the D.C.",
"Circuit, claiming the FCC had not given it a \"full and fair hearing\".",
"The company's legal counsel stated that the construction of WPRO-TV would \"in all likelihood\" force WNET off the air, while Cherry & Webb stated that the existence of WNET would diminish its ability to attract network affiliation and revenue to its station.",
"Channel 16 of Rhode Island also used Cherry & Webb's need for a temporary tower to get WPRO-TV on the air as another venue to oppose its construction.These efforts were to no avail.",
"On March 2, the FCC approved another six-month extension for WPRO-TV to be built, though the possibility remained that the commission could force channel 12 off the air at a later date.",
"Construction took place immediately, and WPRO-TV debuted on March 27 as a basic affiliate of CBS.",
"Some CBS programs, such as ''Omnibus'' and ''Studio One'', provisionally remained on WNET because they were subject to existing sponsor commitments, though they would move to channel 12 at the earliest opportunity.The launch of WPRO-TV, as predicted, hurt the economic viability of WNET.",
"In March 1955, it launched a bid to have channel 3 moved from Hartford, Connecticut, to Westerly for its own use.",
"In the petition, Channel 16 of Rhode Island noted that the station had lost $11,000 a month ($ in dollars) since opening; this proposal met with vocal opposition from the two companies seeking channel 3 in Hartford.",
"The next month, a federal tax lien was placed on the station by the Internal Revenue Service for unpaid withholding taxes.",
"Effective May 23, 1955, WNET discontinued all its live local programs in a cost-cutting maneuver described as lasting the slow summer months.",
"Shows including ''The Tod Williams Show'', ''Jerry O'Brien Sports Edition'', barn dance ''Make Mine Country Style'', ''Come On to My House'', and the ''Theresa Landry Birthday Party'' were canceled as a result.",
"The station abandoned weekday afternoon programming on June 4, signing on at 6 p.m. instead of 1:30 p.m.",
"When viewers attempted to watch the scheduled boxing match between Floyd Patterson and Archie McBride on July 6, they instead saw a blank screen, and the station gave no reason for not being on the air.",
"The next night, the station announced it would close down for good on the evening of July 10, unable to sustain further losses with what New England Television Company attorney Abraham Belilove termed \"little or small future expectations of gain\".",
"Belilove did not rule out the station returning to the air on UHF if WPRO-TV were forced to suspend operations so as to maintain two TV stations serving Providence or on VHF if it were permitted to move to channel 3 at Westerly."
],
[
"After closure",
"Though Channel 16 of Rhode Island had left the door open to returning to the air if circumstances changed, this did not come to pass in the years immediately following its closure in July 1955.In November, the channel 3 proposal for Westerly was denied by the FCC.",
"A glimmer of hope appeared in January 1956, when an appeals court reversed the order granting WPRO-TV's construction permit and remanded the matter to the FCC for further hearing.",
"The station remained on the air, as the FCC made no move toward implementing the court order; on July 26, the commission allowed WPRO-TV to keep operating and denied a proposal by Channel 16 of Rhode Island that channel 12 be placed under a trustee and profits donated to charity.",
"In December 1956, the FCC again found in favor of Cherry & Webb.",
"Channel 16 of Rhode Island and Cherry & Webb settled the years-long dispute in March 1957; WNET's owner was paid $10,000 in exchange for withdrawing all pending litigation and agreeing not to further protest FCC actions in favor of WPRO-TV.In 1965, Harold C. Arcaro became the majority owner of Channel 16 of Rhode Island.",
"That same year, it applied for a series in changes to WNET's facilities, which the FCC granted on January 25, 1968.Despite the approval, the station did not immediately start construction.",
"As a result, in early August, the FCC notified Channel 16 of Rhode Island that the permit was possibly in jeopardy because of what it called the permittee's voluntary decision not to build the station due to \"economic and other considerations\".",
"Channel 16 of Rhode Island alleged to the FCC that it should be allowed to wait until resolution in another hearing of a Providence cable company's proposal to import signals from Boston and Worcester, Massachusetts.",
"The FCC—at the time in a push to cancel long-unused UHF construction permits nationwide—disagreed, and on April 4, 1969, it denied another extension of time and canceled the construction permit.",
"In its ruling, the commission said that when companies decide not to build for business reasons, \"they must vacate the channels so they are available for applications of others\".",
"The company appealed the FCC's decision to deny the permit extension to the Court of Appeals for the D.C.",
"Circuit, which in 1971 ordered the commission to reconsider its action.",
"In a unanimous decision, the court declared that the FCC had acted \"arbitrarily, capriciously, and without rational basis\" and noted that the commission had to resolve the larger cable TV issue.",
"The court ruling also highlighted the efforts made by Channel 16 of Rhode Island to keep the station in potential operating condition over a 13-year period including paying taxes, maintenance and repair, and tower painting and lighting costs.During the period in which the construction permit was deleted, the station lost its call sign and its channel.",
"On October 1, 1970, New York City's educational TV station, previously known as WNDT, changed its call sign to WNET as part of the merger of the National Educational Television network with the station's licensee.",
"Channel 16 was removed from use regionally with an order adopted on May 20, 1970, to reassign it to land mobile radio use.",
"As a result, after the appeals court reinstated the construction permit a year later, the FCC issued a show cause order—to which Channel 16 of Rhode Island did not object—changing the station's channel from 16 to 64."
],
[
"A revival on channel 64",
"In July 1978, Channel 16 of Rhode Island applied to the FCC to sell its construction permit for channel 64 to Channel 64 of New England, Inc. for $487,500.this application was approved by the FCC in February 1980.The purchasing parties in Channel 64 of New England were Pay TV Corporation, the holder of Zenith Radio Corporation's early subscription television patents, and Dallas-based Subscription Television of America.",
"Shortly after the authorization, Sy Weintraub and Gordon McLendon bought an interest in Subscription Television of America, which was owned by Clint Murchison.",
"Two months later, the company sold its subscription television franchises in four cities—Chicago, Dallas, San Francisco, and Providence—to Golden West Subscription Television.The construction permit took the call letters WSTG on September 22, 1980.Channel 64 went back on the air at the end of 1981 as a test, intending to broadcast as a part-time subscription TV station; it operated from the original WNET studio building.",
"Instead, it operated on a limited basis while Subscription Television of America sought a buyer.",
"Providence Television bought WSTG in 1984 and relaunched it as a conventional independent station.",
"WSTG changed its call sign to the present WNAC-TV, previously used by a Boston station, in 1986."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"1979 in Switzerland"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Events during the year '''1979 in Switzerland'''"
],
[
"Incumbents",
"*Federal Council:**Hans Hürlimann (president)**Rudolf Gnägi (until December), then Leon Schlumpf**Pierre Aubert**Fritz Honegger**Georges-André Chevallaz**Willi Ritschard**Kurt Furgler"
],
[
"Events",
"* 26 March–1 April – The 1979 World Curling Championships take place in Bern."
],
[
"Births",
"* 14 February – Michèle Moser, curler* 1 August – Laurence Rochat, cross-country skier* 2 September – Fabienne Reuteler, snowboarder"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Provisional Executive Committee (Liechtenstein)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Provisional Executive Committee''' () was the governing body of Liechtenstein from 7 November 1918 to 7 December of the same year.",
"Established following the November 1918 Liechtenstein putsch, it was chaired by Martin Ritter."
],
[
"History and legacy",
"In November 1918 Landtag members Wilhelm Beck, Martin Ritter and Fritz Walser, who were deeply dissatisfied with Governor of Liechtenstein Leopold Freiherr von Imhof's handling of the economy and who wanted a Liechtensteiner head of state, plotted to overthrow him.",
"In the Landtag on 7 November 1918 they proposed a motion of no confidence against him.",
"Imhof asked for a vote of confidence and at the same time agreed to submit his resignation.",
"While the Landtag unanimously expressed its confidence in him it was decided, against the constitution and the princely appointed Landtag members, to transfer the power of governor to a provisional executive committee led by Martin Ritter.The committee was accepted \"in grace\" by Johann II on 13 November and he accepted Imhof's resignation.",
"He remained in Vienna throughout the committee's duration but did not make any efforts to act against it, primarily due to its popularity within the country.",
"The committee did not intend to break with the monarchy, its proclamation itself ended with the phrase \"May the prince and the country live long.\"",
"It was agreed to last one month when a replacement cabinet could be found.",
"On 7 December 1918 it was dissolved and succeeded by the Prince Karl Aloys cabinet.Within the general population of Liechtenstein the coup was popular, as Imhof was largely seen as the reason for the country's economic crisis.",
"However, in the Landtag it was far more controversial.",
"Martin Ritter in particular was a controversial figure in the government, due to him being the first Liechtensteiner head of state and the unconstitutional means in which he came into power, despite only serving for one month.",
"In response to the coup, all three members of the Landtag appointed by Johann II resigned in protest."
],
[
"Members",
"'''Picture''''''Name''''''Term''''''Party'''Chairman80pxMartin Ritter7 November 1918 – 7 December 1918 Christian-Social People's PartyMembers80pxWilhelm Beck7 November 1918 – 7 December 1918 Christian-Social People's Party80pxFranz Joseph Marxer12 November 1918 – 7 December 1918 Progressive Citizens' Party"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"2024 Nordic Junior World Ski Championships"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''2024 FIS Nordic Junior World Ski Championships''' were held from 5 to 11 February 2024 in Planica, Slovenia."
],
[
"Schedule",
"''All times are local (UTC+1).",
"'';Cross-country Date Time Event 5 February 10:30 Women's junior sprint freestyleMen's junior sprint freestyle 6 February 10:30 Women's U23 sprint freestyleMen's U23 sprint freestyle7 February 11:15 Women's junior 20 km mass start freestyle 13:30 Men's junior 20 km mass start freestyle8 February 11:15 Women's U23 20 km mass start freestyle 14:00 Men's U23 20 km mass start freestyle9 February 10:00 Women's junior 10 km classical 11:45 Men's junior 10 km classical10 February 11:00 Women's U23 10 km classical 13:00 Men's U23 10 km classical11 February 10:00 Mixed junior 4 × 5 km relay 12:00 Mixed U23 4 × 5 km relay;Nordic combined Date Time Event 7 February 09:4515:45 Mixed team HS102 / 5+2.5+2.5+5 km9 February 09:3014:30 Women's HS102 / 5 km 11:3015:15 Men's HS102 / 10 km 10 February 10:0015:00 Women's team sprint HS102 / 2 × 4,5 km 11 February 09:1514:00 Men's team sprint HS102 / 2 × 7,5 km;Ski jumping Date Time Event 7 February 17:00 Women's HS102 8 February 17:00 Men's HS102 9 February 17:00 Women's team HS102 10 February 16:30 Men's team HS102 11 February 15:30 Mixed team HS102"
],
[
"Medal summary",
"===Junior events=======Cross-country skiing===='''Men's Junior Events''' Sprint freestyle 2:17.77 2:17.98 2:20.42 10 kilometre classical 23:05.9 23:58.3 24:02.7 20 kilometre mass start freestyle 47:35.9 49:47.1 49:51.5'''Women's Junior Events''' Sprint freestyle 2:40.84 2:41.91 2:43.62 10 kilometre classical 26:40.1 26:48.6 27:03.5 20 kilometre mass start freestyle 52:48.3 53:00.3 53:09.3'''Mixed Junior Events''' 4 × 5 kilometre relay 50:35.2 50:49.1 51:20.3====Nordic combined===='''Men's Junior Events''' Individual normal hill/10 km 25:51.3 26:08.1 26:10.8 Team sprint normal hill/2 × 7.5 km 30:51.6 30:56.7 31:39.0'''Women's Junior Events''' Individual normal hill/5 km 15:24.7 15:26.2 15:35.7 Team sprint normal hill/2 × 4.5 km 22:22.9 22:23.6 22:50.8'''Mixed Junior Events''' Team normal hill/5+2.5+2.5+5 km 41:26.5 41:53.7 42:28.7====Ski jumping===='''Men's Junior Events''' Individual normal hill 266.7 265.9 259.3 Team normal hill 934.3 923.6 873.3'''Women's Junior Events''' Individual normal hill 266.3 250.9 247.9 Team normal hill 906.5 791.9 786.1'''Mixed Junior Events''' Team normal hill 930.2 926.3 910.5===U23 events=======Cross-country skiing===='''Men's U23 Events''' Sprint freestyle 2:15.78 2:15.92 2:16.49 10 kilometre classical 24:22.6 24:25.7 24:42.5 20 kilometre mass start freestyle 46:37.3 46:55.1 47:01.5'''Women's U23 Events''' Sprint freestyle 2:35.82 2:36.30 2:36.38 10 kilometre classical 27:38.0 27:39.2 27:42.7 20 kilometre mass start freestyle 48:58.6 48:59.9 49:03.1'''Mixed U23 Events''' 4 × 5 kilometre relay 50:09.7 50:10.4 50:10.5===Medal tables=======All events========Junior events========Under-23 events===="
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Official website"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Hikmet Birand"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Hikmet Birand''' (1904 - January 18, 1972), was a Turkish botanist, chancellor, lecturer and writer."
],
[
"Early life and education",
"Hikmet Birand was born in Karaman in 1904, the son of Ahmet Hilmi Bey and Ayşe Hanım.",
"Origin of his family derives from Adygea and his family was a part of the society that was exiled from Caucasus by Russian Empire.",
"He had a brother and a sister that were respectively İzzet Birand and Kamuran Birand.",
"He succeeded in primary school, secondary school and high school in Karaman, afterwards enrolled in Halkalı Land based college in Istanbul.",
"After he graduated from the college, went to Germany to study botany at Bonn University.",
"In 1933 he succeeded in Phd thesis with title of \"Untersuchungen über Tracheomykosen\", and returned to Turkey."
],
[
"Career and research",
"Then, he took office as an assistant botanist in Ankara High Agriculture Institute, in which Prof. Dr. Kurt Krause was assigned, from January 1, 1993, to October 28, 1933, and he became chief assistant on October 29, 1933.Later in aforementioned institution he succeeded to become associate professor and professor, respectively in 1938 and 1946.After having founded the college of science at Ankara University, Hikmet Birand was elected as chancellor from 1949 to 1951, and also he served both as a member of Turkish National Education Board and a member of Turkey Commission at UNESCO.",
"In 1960, he made great efforts both in the creation of the METU-Atatürk Forest and in the development of the Herbarium, which was initiated by Kurt Krause in 1933, where plant specimens originating from Turkey are stored and whose international code is ANK.",
"Birand wrote many books, columns and articles.",
"Five of his books are in German, and published in Germany besides his article series were published in both Ulus and Ülkü.",
"He aimed to raise awareness among Turkish people to protect and recover forests in Turkey with his works.Birand focused on both vegetation of Central Anatolia and deforestation in Turkey.",
"His opinions implied specifically that archaic forests on hillsides of Central Anatolia had been degraded step by step by human effects that include pasture, logging, and wildfires during Holocene.",
"In '''Alıç Ağacı ile Sohbetler'' he mentioned the current condition of forest-steppe border in Central Anatolia, and explained where which plants develop and spread in Turkey.",
"* 1933 - “Untersuchungen über Tracheomykosen”.",
"Hikmet Ahmet.",
"1933.Phytopat-hologische Zeitschrift 6, 6(1): 49–101* 1936 - Büyükada'nın Yeşil Örtüsü* 1948 - Keltepe Ormanlarında Bir Gün* 1950 - Bitkilerde Ekonomi Prensipleri.",
"Biriktirme ve Arttırma* 1952 - Bitki Türleri* 1952 - Türkiye Bitkileri, Plantae Turcicae, A Preliminary list of species collected in Turkey, A.U.",
"Fen Fakultesi Yayinlari, (In this book 6145 plant specimens which, belong to 671 genera and 2480 species, are examined).",
"* 1957 - Anadolu Manzaraları (13.Basim, 1999, Tubitak Popüler Bilim Kitaplari ISBN 975-4033212)* 1962 - Kurak Çorak* 1964 - Karapınar Olayı ve Erozyon* 1968 - Alıç Ağacı ile Sohbetler (Yeni basim 2014, Is Bankasi Kultur Yayinlari, ISBN 978-6053320876)* 1984 - Anadolu Ormanlari (Orgun Yayinlari, Istanbul)"
],
[
"Death",
"He died in Ankara on 18 January 1972."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"1988 All-East football team"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''1988 All-East football team''' consists of American football players chosen by the Associated Press as the best players at each position among the Eastern colleges and universities during the 1988 NCAA Division I-A football season."
],
[
"Offense",
"===Quarterback===* Major Harris, West Virginia (AP-1)* Scott Erney, Rutgers (AP-2)===Running backs===* Daryl Johnston, Syracuse (AP-1)* Curvin Richards, Pitt (AP-1)* A.",
"B.",
"Brown, West Virginia (AP-2)* Mike Mayweather, Army (AP-2)===Tight end===* Kevin Voss, Navy (AP-1)* Pat Davis, Syracuse (AP-2)===Wide receivers===* Reggie Rembert, West Virginia (AP-1)* Tom Waddle, Boston College (AP-1)* Rob Moore, Syracuse (AP-2)* Eric Young Sr., Rutgers (AP-2)===Tackles===* Rick Phillips, West Virginia (AP-1)* Doug Widell, Boston College (AP-1)* Brian Smider, West Virginia (AP-2)* Steve Tardy, Rutgers (AP-2)===Guards===* Mark Stepnoski, Pitt (AP-1)* Joe Wolf, Boston College (AP-1)* John Stroia, West Virginia (AP-2)* Steve Wisniewski, Penn State (AP-2)===Center===* Kevin Koken, West Virginia (AP-1)* Dean Caliguire, Pitt (AP-2)===Placekicker===* Kevin J. Greene, Syracuse (AP-1)* Brian Lowe, Boston College (AP-2)"
],
[
"Defense",
"===Linemen===* Rob Burnett, Syracuse (AP-1)* Burt Grossman, Pitt (AP-1)* Troy Holland, Navy (AP-1)* Chris Parker, West Virginia (AP-1)* George Bankos, Rutgers (AP-2)* Josh Haines, Army (AP-2)* Eric Lindstrom, Boston College (AP-2)* Rich Schonewolf, Penn State (AP-2)===Linebackers===* Chris Haering, West Virginia (AP-1)* Jerry Olsavsky, Pitt (AP-1)* Terry Wooden, Syracuse (AP-1)* Troy Lingley, Army (AP-2)* Robert Pickett, West Virginia (AP-2)* Loranzo Square, Temple (AP-2)* Renaldo Turnbull, West Virginia (AP-2)===Defensive backs=== * Chris Ingram, Syracuse (AP-1)* Eddie Johnson, Penn State (AP-1)* Bo Orlando, West Virginia (AP-1)* Markus Paul, Syracuse (AP-1)* Brian Chizmar, Penn State (AP-2)* Alvoid Mays, West Virginia (AP-2)* Darrell Whitmore, West Virginia (AP-2)===Punter=== * Matt O'Connell, Rutgers (AP-1)* Bill Rambusch, Army (AP-2)"
],
[
"Key",
"* AP = Associated Press"
],
[
"See also",
"* 1988 College Football All-America Team"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"1976 in Switzerland"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Events during the year '''1976 in Switzerland'''"
],
[
"Incumbents",
"*Federal Council:**Rudolf Gnägi (president)**Hans Hürlimann**Georges-André Chevallaz**Willi Ritschard**Kurt Furgler**Ernst Brugger**Pierre Graber"
],
[
"Events",
"* 13–18 January – The 1976 European Figure Skating Championships take place in Geneva."
],
[
"Births",
"* 6 February – Tanja Frieden, snowboarder* 7 July – Evelyne Leu, freestyle skier* 7 December – Manuela Kormann, curler"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Adam Willis (set decorator)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Adam Willis''' is an American set decorator.",
"He is nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Production Design for the film ''Killers of the Flower Moon''."
],
[
"Selected filmography",
"* ''Take Shelter'' (2011)* ''Spring Breakers'' (2012)* ''At Any Price'' (2012)* ''Ain't Them Bodies Saints'' (2013)* ''The Sacrement'' (2013)* ''The Last of Robin Hood'' (2013)* ''Camp X-Ray'' (2014)* ''Midnight Special'' (2016)* ''Loving'' (2016)* ''Killers of the Flower Moon'' (2023)"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"The Maid of Kent"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''The Maid of Kent''''' is a 1773 comedy play by the English writer Francis Godolphin Waldron.",
"It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane on 17 May 1773.The original cast included William Parsons as Sir Thomas Richacre, John Hayman Packer as Doctor Goodman, Francis Godolphin Waldron as Metre, John Palmer as George, Joseph Vernon as William, John Moody as O'Connor, Robert Baddeley as La Poudre, Richard Griffith as Robert, Elizabeth Younge as Emily, Jane Pope as Patty and Mary Bradshaw as Dame Quickset."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"Bibliography",
"* Greene, John C. ''Theatre in Dublin, 1745-1820: A Calendar of Performances, Volume 6''.",
"Lexington Books, 2011.",
"* Nicoll, Allardyce.",
"''A History of English Drama 1660–1900: Volume III''.",
"Cambridge University Press, 2009.",
"* Hogan, C.B (ed.)",
"''The London Stage, 1660–1800: Volume V''.",
"Southern Illinois University Press, 1968."
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"S v Bhulwana; S v Gwadiso"
],
[
"Introduction",
"In '''''S v Bhulwana; S v Gwadiso''''', the Constitutional Court of South Africa established the unconstitutionality of a reverse onus provision applying to the offence of drug dealing under the Drugs and Drug Trafficking Act, 1992.Under section 21(1)(a)(i) of the Act, accused persons found in possession of over 150 grams of dagga were presumed guilty of dealing in dagga unless their innocence was proved in court.",
"Handing down a unanimous judgment on 29 November 1995, Justice Kate O'Regan held that this provision violated the presumption of innocence and therefore the constitutional right to a fair trial."
],
[
"Background",
"The applicants, Godzana Bhulwana and Joe Gwadiso, were both arrested in 1994 after being found in possession of dagga: Bhulwana in Kleinmond in possession of 850 grams, and Gwadiso in Grabouw with 445 grams.",
"Both were convicted in the magistrates' court of dealing in dagga.",
"At the time of their convictions, section 21(1)(a)(i) of the Drugs and Drug Trafficking Act, 1992, provided that in their situations – in which the accused faced a charge of dealing and had been found in possession of dagga exceeding 115 grams – \"it shall be presumed, until the contrary is proved, that the accused dealt in such dagga\".On automatic review, each case came separately before the Cape Provincial Division of the Supreme Court of South Africa.",
"Hearing Bhulwana's case, Judge Robin Marais held that the evidence against Bhulwana would not have been sufficient to convict him in the absence of the presumption contained in section 21(1)(a).",
"The correctness of Bhulwana's conviction therefore dependended on the constitutionality of the presumption, and Marais believed that the presumption was ''prima facie'' unconstitutional.",
"He therefore referred the constitutionality question to the Constitutional Court of South Africa, using the referral mechanism in section 102(1) of the Interim Constitution.",
"Hearing Gwadiso's case, Judge Jeanette Traverso agreed with Marais's reasoning and found that Gwadiso's conviction was similarly reliant on the section 21(1)(a) presumption.",
"She therefore followed Marais in referring the case to the Constitutional Court.",
"The Constitutional Court conjoined the matters for hearing on 12 September 1995."
],
[
"Judgment",
"On 29 November 1995, Justice Kate O'Regan handed down judgment on behalf of a unanimous bench.",
"The court's determination centred on the requirements of the right to the presumption of innocence, which was enshrined in section 25(3)(c) of the Interim Constitution as a component of an accused person's fair trial rights.",
"O'Regan deferred to the exposition of the presumption of innocence in ''S v Zuma'', the Constitutional Court's first judgment, in which Acting Justice Sydney Kentridge had adjudicated a challenge to a similar provision of the Criminal Procedure Act, 1977.Following Kentridge, O'Regan held that: ...the presumption of innocence is an established principle of South African law which places the burden of proof squarely on the prosecution.",
"The entrenchment of the presumption of innocence in section 25(3)(c) must be interpreted in this context.",
"It requires that the prosecution bear the burden of proving all the elements of a criminal charge.",
"A presumption which relieves the prosecution of part of that burden could result in the conviction of an accused person despite the existence of a reasonable doubt as to his or her guilt.",
"Such a presumption is in breach of the presumption of innocence and therefore offends section 25(3)(c).",
"Section 21(1)(a)(i) is such a presumption.",
"O'Regan therefore held that the reverse onus provision of section 21(1)(a)(1) clearly breached the constitutional right to the presumption of innocence.",
"In terms of a test outlined in Justice Arthur Chaskalson's judgment in ''S v Makwanyane'', she proceeded to conduct a balancing exercise to evaluate whether that breach was proportionate and justifiable in terms of section 33 of the Constitution.",
"The state asserted that the purpose of the reverse onus was to assist in controlling the illegal drug trade by facilitating more dealing convictions and heavier sentences for those convicted.",
"Yet O'Regan did not find this to provide sufficient justificatory grounds: there was \"no logical connection between the fact proved (possession of 115g) and the fact presumed (dealing)\", and, \"although the need to suppress illicit drug trafficking is an urgent and pressing one, it is not clear how, if at all, the presumption furthers such an objective\".",
"She therefore held that the reverse ''onus'' of section 21(1)(a)(1) constituted an unjustifiable and therefore unconstitutional infringement of the constitutional right to presumption of innocence.",
"The court declared that section 21(1)(a)(i) of the Drugs and Drug Trafficking Act was inconsistent with the Interim Constitution and invalid with effect from the date of the judgment.",
"In terms of the court's order, the declaration of invalidity would apply retroactively to all criminal trials in which the trial court's verdict was entered after the Constitution came into force and which were currently pending review, pending appeal, or eligible for appeal.",
"Bhulwana and Gwadiso's reviews were referred back to the Cape Provincial Division for determination in accordance with the declaration of invalidity."
],
[
"Significance",
"Delivered during the Constitutional Court's first year of operation, the judgment developed the court's jurisprudence with respect to the application of the rights-balancing exercise, and legislative remedies with retrospective effect, as well as criminal procedure broadly.",
"Some commentators noted with interest the court's apparently permissive stance on dagga possession, though for others this stance reflected the court's \"strong aversion against reverse onus provisions\", of which ''Bhulwana'' and ''Zuma'' provided early indications."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Ruth De Jong"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Ruth De Jong''' is an American art director and production designer.",
"She was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award in the category Outstanding Production Design for a Narrative Contemporary Program (One Hour or More) for her work on the television program ''Twin Peaks''.",
"She is also nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Production Design for the film ''Oppenheimer''.",
"She has worked frequently on films directed by Terrence Malick, Paul Thomas Anderson, Jordan Peele, and Zackary Adler."
],
[
"Filmography",
"===As production designer===* ''Swedish Auto'' (2006)* ''Familiar Strangers'' (2008)* ''Dead Man's Burden'' (2012)* ''Manchester by the Sea'' (2016)* ''Twin Peaks'' (2017, TV)* ''Yellowstone'' (2018, TV)* ''Us'' (2019)* ''Nope'' (2022)* ''Oppenheimer'' (2023)===As art director===* ''The Future'' (2011)* ''Inherent Vice'' (2014)* ''Knight of Cups'' (2015)* ''Song to Song'' (2017)====As assistant art director====* ''Water for Elephants'' (2011)* ''The Master'' (2012)* ''To the Wonder'' (2012)===Various===* ''I'm Reed Fish'' (2006) — set dresser* ''There Will Be Blood'' (2007) — production assistant* ''The Tree of Life'' (2011) — art department coordinator"
],
[
"Selected awards and nominations",
"In 2024, Jong received the Art Directors Guild Award for Excellence in Production Design for a Period Film award at the 28th Annual Art Directors Guild Awards."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Washer Electrical Equipment Bond"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''WEEB''' or '''Washer Electrical Equipment Bond''' is a type of electrical component that allows the connection of various metals to a copper conductor.Because of galvanic corrosion, dissimilar metals exposed to an electrolyte and electrically bonded together are unstable: the interface between the two materials will corrode one of them, and the structure will eventually fail.",
"Copper is commonly used as an electrical bonding conductor because of its electrical properties.",
"However, copper reacts galvanically with common structural materials like aluminium and zinc-coated steel.The Washer Electrical Equipment Bond addresses the engineering problem by sandwiching a chemically non-reactive interface of 304 stainless steel between the metal structural element and the bonding electrical component.",
"The stainless steel interface uses sharp protrusions to dig into the structural metal's surface oxide layer and bond electrically with the metal body.",
"On the other side of the interface, a clamp, constructed of a conductive material compatible with copper, provides the physical attachment to the bare conductor cable.",
"The attachment comes usually in the form of a screw terminal."
],
[
"Uses",
"The WEEB is commonly used to provide electrical bonding for exterior metal structures like solar panel installations."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Ana Luz Porzecanski"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Ana Luz Porzecanski''' is a conservation biologist who serves as the Director of the Center for Biodiversity & Conservation at the American Museum of Natural History.",
"Her work focuses on understanding biodiversity and fostering effective capacity development for conservation."
],
[
"Early life and education",
"Porzecanski was born in Montevideo, Uruguay, and grew up in Uruguay and Brazil in a family of European immigrants.",
"Her father was an agronomist and her mother an architect.She earned a biology degree from the Universidad de la República in Uruguay and pursued graduate degrees in Environmental Policy.",
"In 2003, she earned her Ph.D. in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology from Columbia University in New York, where she resides with her family."
],
[
"Career",
"Her career began with research assistant positions at the American Museum of Natural History and Columbia University.",
"Porzecanski has over 20 years of experience and leads a multidisciplinary staff in conservation research and capacity development initiatives globally.Porzecanski is involved in education and science communication, teaching courses on conservation biology, evolution, and global sustainability.",
"She co-curated ''¡Cuba!",
"'', a binational, bilingual traveling museum exhibition on Cuba's nature and culture, which was the largest exhibition of its kind ever presented in the United States."
],
[
"Selected publications",
"* Porzecanski, A.L., et al.",
"(2021).",
"Using Case Studies to Improve the Critical Thinking Skills of Undergraduate Conservation Biology Students.",
"* Cunha Almeida, F., & Porzecanski, A.L., et al.",
"(2021).",
"The Evolution of Tinamous (Palaeognathae: Tinamidae) in Light of Molecular and Combined Analyses."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Video: How the Amazon rainforest could become a savannah (CNN), May 11, 2021* Video: Why Cuba is home to a bounty of rare species (PBS Newshour), October 25, 2017"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Government House, Grenada"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Government House''' is the former official residence of the King and governor-general of Grenada.",
"The house is located on Mount Wheldale, in Saint George's.",
"It is located next to New Parliament House.",
"The building was damaged by Hurricane Ivan in 2004 and subsequently abandoned.",
"Despite its current status as a ruin, it remains the official seat of the Crown."
],
[
"History",
"The house on the site was originally an estate house owned by William Lucas, which was used as the headquarters of the French administration during the 1779-1783 occupation.",
"Following the return to British rule, the building became the new residence of Governor Edward Mathew, and was formally purchased by the Grenada government in 1785.The building was extensively remodelled in 1886 by Governor Sir Walter Sendall.It was used as the home and office of the Lieutenant-Governors of Grenada until 1882.After this, it briefly became the residence of the Administrators of the island, before Saint George's became the capital of the Windward Islands in 1885, whereupon it was occupied by the Governor-in-chief.",
"The building became home to the Administrators again in 1959 upon the dissolution of the Windward Islands.",
"Following the granting of full internal self-government in 1967 it became residence of the Governor of Grenada.",
"When Grenada became an independent state in 1974 it became the residence of the Governors-General, until destroyed by Hurricane Ivan in 2004.It was used as a set piece during the filming of Island in the Sun in 1956.During the United States invasion of Grenada in 1983 the house was the site of a 24-hour battle between US Navy SEALs sent to evacuate Governor-General Sir Paul Scoon and the Grenadian People's Revolutionary Army."
],
[
"Rebuilding effort",
"The building has since 2004 fallen into ruin.",
"The office and residence of the Governor-General has since been relocated to a residence in Point Salines.",
"Various society groups have advocated for the restoration of the residence, including the Willie Redhead Foundation.",
"Active effort is being made, particularly by Governor-General Dame Cecile La Grenade, to raise funds for the restoration of the building."
],
[
"See also",
"*Government Houses of the British Empire and Commonwealth*Governor-General of Grenada*Monarchy of Grenada"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"La Raya"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''La Raya''' may refer to:*La Raya, Murcia, municipality in Spain*La Raya de Santa María, municipality in Panama*La Raya de Calobre, municipality in Panama*La Raya mountain range, part of the Andes of Peru*''La Raya'', informal name for the Portugal–Spain border"
],
[
"See also",
"*Larraya, municipality in Spain*Raya (disambiguation)"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Shashi Pratap Shahi"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Shashi Pratap Shahi''' is an Indian academic and the current Vice-chancellor of Magadh University(MU).",
"He has been Vice- Chairman of Indian Institute of Public Administration(IIPA) Bihar Regional Branch and the Convener Rajiv Gandhi Study Circle, Magadh University Bodh Gaya.",
"He has been Ex-member of Indian National Commission for Cooperation with UNESCO, Ministry of HRD Government of India."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"6-Methylapigenin"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''6-Methylapigenin''' is a naturally occurring flavonoid and a derivative of Apigenin.",
"It has activity at GABAA receptors as a positive modulator."
],
[
"Natural occurrence",
"6-Methylapigenin can be found in multiple plants, such as Valeriana officinalis, Valeriana jatamansi and Picea neoveitchii."
],
[
"Biological activity",
"6-Methylapigenin binds to the GABAA receptor on the benzodiazepine binding site.",
"This compound possesses anxiolytic effects, it is also able to potentiate sleep induced by hesperidin, another flavonoid.",
"However, it does not have the chemical structure of benzodiazepines, it can therefore be classed as a nonbenzodiazepine."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"The Damned (upcoming film)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"\t\t\t'''''The Damned''''' is an upcoming horror film directed by Thordur Palsson with Jamie Hannigan writing the screenplay from a story by Palsson, and starring Joe Cole and Odessa Young."
],
[
"Premise",
"During a harsh winter in the 19th century, inhabitants at a remote coastal outpost witness a shipwreck."
],
[
"Cast",
"* Odessa Young as Eva* Joe Cole* Lewis Gribben* Siobhan Finneran* Francis Magee* Rory McCann* Turlough Convery* Mícheál Óg Lane* Andrean Sigurgeirsson"
],
[
"Production",
"Thordur Palsson wrote the story and directs, while Jamie Hannigan wrote the screenplay.",
"Emilie Jouffroy and Kamilla Hodol are produced for Elation Pictures alongside John Keville and Conor Barry of Wild Atlantic Pictures and Netop Films.",
"ish.",
"Producers also include Tim Headington, Theresa Steele Page and Nate Kamiya producing for Ley Line Entertainment.Odessa Young was cast as Eva in 2021.By April 2023 the cast also included Joe Cole, Lewis Gribben, Siobhan Finneran, Francis Magee, Rory McCann, Turlough Convery, Mícheál Óg Lane and Andrean Sigurgeirsson.Filming took place in Iceland in 2023 and the project entered post-production in spring 2023."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Ormetoprim"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Ormetoprim''' is an antibiotic used in veterinary medicine.",
"Typically it is used in combination with sulfadimethoxine, and it is used in the poultry and aquaculture industries.Ormetoprim, like other diaminopyrimidines such as trimethoprim, inhibits the reduction of dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid by bacterial cells."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Ministry of the Economy and Finance building"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Ministry of the Economy and Finance building''' () is the headquarters of the French Ministry of the Economy and Finance or the departments in which it is occasionally redistributed, built in the 1980s in the Bercy area of the 12th arrondissement of Paris.",
"It is commonly known as '''Bercy''', a term also used by metonymy for the ministry itself.It was commissioned as part of the of President François Mitterrand, and designed by the architects Paul Chemetov and Borja Huidobro for the main area, as well as Louis Arretche and Roman Karasinsky for the two northwestern buildings.",
"It is a massive complex made of several buildings, named after major French statesmen (Colbert, Necker, Sully, Turgot, Vauban), as well as of a detached convention centre.",
"It includes both a port, where the southern end plunges into the river Seine, and a heliport, although no longer used.",
"In addition, the building spans over two major roads, and has a wing adjacent to the gare de Lyon.",
"As typical of postmodern architecture, it includes inspirations from the history of architecture, such as the general shape of a viaduct, a (dry) moat, and a large ceremonial bronze gate.",
"The entrance, and postal address (139, rue de Bercy), is a pre-existing and much smaller pavilion.",
"It is sometimes called a “citadel” or “fortress”, in reference to the building's impressive architecture as well as to the power of the department within the Government of France.Construction lasted between 1984 and 1989.The ministry was previously housed since 1871 in the Richelieu Wing of the Louvre, which needed to be vacated as part of the Grand Louvre project."
],
[
"History",
"The move of the Ministry of the Economy and Finance was decided in 1981, as part of the launched by the new president François Mitterrand, in order to free up the Richelieu Wing of the Louvre Palace and extend the Louvre Museum to the entire palace for the Grand Louvre project.",
"The department headquarters had been housed there since May 1871, in expansions built during the Second Empire for the Ministry of State and other ministerial offices alongside rue de Rivoli.",
"Most employees, which numbered several thousands, were actually scattered in other government buildings, and another purpose of the move was for a large part of them to work in a single location.The place chosen was in the Bercy area in eastern Paris, which was being redeveloped; an alternative choice would have been the caserne Dupleix in the 15th arrondissement.",
"The main lot was previously used by the Ministry of Veterans, which moved out in 1983.Other in the area include the opéra Bastille and the new Bibliothèque nationale de France headquarters across the river.",
"Opposite the Colbert building across boulevard de Bercy is the Accor Arena, also built in the 1980s.There were 137 submissions in the competition, launched in March 1982, from which the jury selected four; the winning entry, that of Paul Chemetov and Borja Huidobro from the Atelier de l’urbanisme et de l’architecture (AUA), was chosen by Mitterrand in December 1982.Additional buildings to the northwest of the initial lot, which became Turgot and Sully, were commissioned to Louis Arretche and Roman Karasinsky in July 1983 based on an earlier submission to the SNCF.",
"Chemetov recalled that Mitterrand took a limited interest in the project by comparison with other of the , and might have chiefly wanted to symbolically tone down the influence of the powerful department.Construction lasted between 1984 and 1989, at a cost of 3,7 billion francs.",
"It was described by the civil servant who coordinated the project as the largest office building construction ever carried out in France.",
"There were significant cost overruns, as is common for massive construction projects, but also because the initial stages had been rushed due to the parallel launch of the Grand Louvre operation, and the competition was held with little financial consideration.",
"This was in fact used by Mitterrand to overrule criticism from the department over the cost of his other .The , turned into the main entrance and postal address.The project was contested by Jean Nouvel in 1984 in .",
"It was not well received by some at the ministry, both due to the modern architecture of the new headquarters and because the area was deemed peripheral by comparison with the main government institutions and offices.",
"Édouard Balladur, who was the main minister in the cohabitation government opposed to Mitterrand, delayed construction for a time when he took office in 1986, and although his predecessor had moved to another government house, hôtel de Roquelaure, he had the prior offices restored at the Louvre and settled there despite the ongoing work for the Grand Louvre, refusing to move to Bercy in 1988.Although Jacques Chirac, the mayor of Paris, was Mitterrand's main opponent in the 1980s, he supported the move, as his urban planners argued for the development of the East of the city.",
"Michel Charasse, who served as budget minister in the left-wing government formed after Mitterrand's re-election, obtained to take the Empire style furniture of his office to Bercy, where it is still used by his successors, contrasting with the modern furniture used everywhere else.The completed parts of the complex were gradually occupied from the second half of 1986 until late 1989, starting with the Turgot and Sully buildings (called E and D at the time), followed by the Necker and Vauban buildings (C and B) in 1988, ending with the Colbert building (A) in 1989.Pierre Bérégovoy and his junior ministers moved from Rivoli to Bercy on 25 June 1989, and took their permanent offices in January of the next year.Chemetov and Huidobro donated the project papers, for a total of 170 linear metres, to the departmental archives in 2016."
],
[
"Architecture",
"=== Style and features ===Although an office building had been commissioned, the architects said they designed it as a republican palace, symbolizing both the power of government and its openness to the city and citizens.",
"Some critics have compared it to Stalinist architecture.The complex, in which about 6,000 employees work in 225,000m2, has 42km of corridors, 8,500 doors, and 90 elevators.",
"A degree of harmony is provided by the extensive use of a 90cm square or cubic building module, down to internal and external decoration: each storey has a height of four modules (3,60m), and each room as a floor-to-ceiling height of three modules (2,70m); offices and conference rooms are formed by movable panels following the 90cm modules, and can be reconfigured as the internal organisation evolves.As typical of postmodernism, it includes elements from the architecture of previous centuries: the general shape of the Colbert building is inspired by a viaduct, and it is flanked by a (dry) moat, over which a small bridge leads to the ceremonial gate.",
"Its larger arches, which include offices, remind of the old bridges of Paris, which were originally inhabited.",
"Bérégovoy Hall, a 140m corridor to the ministerial offices, has columns and a floor decorated with 28 types of marble, reminding of Italian Renaissance architecture.",
"In particular, there are references to the Louvre Palace: the Colbert building is about as long as the facade of the department's former offices on rue de Rivoli; the courtyard of honour is square, like the cour Carrée; and the inner courtyards of the Vauban building remind of those of the Louvre.=== Layout ===Bercy is a complex of several buildings; the main lot, covering 3,5ha, has a general “T” shape, with the northern end however expanding westwards over 750m.",
"The architects were required to envision a link between the gare de Lyon, to the north of the lot, and the river Seine to the south.",
"The Turgot, Sully and (partially) Necker are built over the concrete slab which runs between the station and the rue de Bercy.Paul Chemetov noted that it is the only major public building perpendicular to the Seine, since others (Louvre, musée d'Orsay, palais de Chaillot etc.)",
"are parallel to the river.=== Facilities ===In addition to offices and conference rooms, the complex is a “city within the city” with five restaurants, three cafeterias, a post office, a documentation centre, a nursery, and a gym.A piece of well-known equipment is Télédoc, an automated mail delivery system which circulates 445 miniature carts between 122 “stations”, which was maintained even after the digitization of much of internal communication and still carried five tons of paper every day as of the 2010s."
],
[
"Buildings",
"=== Pavillon de l’Ancienne-Douane ===The (Former Customs Pavilion) is a pre-existing three-storey building, protected since 1962, which served as the main public entrance to the complex, and as its postal address (139, rue de Bercy).",
"It is close to the location of the former (of ), a toll gate of the Wall of the ''Ferme générale'' (1780s–1860).=== Colbert building ===The Colbert building () is the main axis of the entire complex, north–south along boulevard de Bercy, following the former wall and reaching the northern end of the pont de Bercy.",
"It is named after Jean-Baptiste Colbert, who was controller general of finances under Louis XIV.The layout is inspired by a viaduct, and it is in fact parallel to the viaduct over which Métro line 6 runs on the boulevard.",
"It is 357m long, with 32m-wide arches in its central part, and two 72m-wide ones spanning over rue de Bercy to the north and over quai de la Rapée to the south, plunging into the river Seine.",
"The two larger arches were designed to serve as monumental eastern entry gates to the city, and echo the Grande Arche built as part of the to the west of the city.To the east of the building across boulevard de Bercy is a dry moat, used for a sculpture garden.The river end serves as a small port, where two fast boats dedicated to VIP transportation are moored.",
"A round heliport was also built on the roof, near the Ministers House, but is no longer used.==== Ministers House ====One section in the southern part of the Colbert building is the Ministers House (), a black nine-storey cube where the ministers and their private offices work.",
"It has a 12° tilt from the rest of the building, aligned towards Notre-Dame Cathedral to the west.The office of the most senior minister is on the 6th floor, and that of the budget minister is on the 5th floor.",
"There has occasionally been disputes between new ministers for the largest or highest-located offices, especially when the ministry was split into several standalone departments.At the ground lever is the building's ceremonial gate, a 7m square sculpted in bronze by Georges Jeanclos and weighing 5 tons.",
"It is accessed from boulevard de Bercy by a small bridge spanning over the moat; however, it is only opened for official visits, as well as for European Heritage Days.=== Pavillon de la Barrière-d’Eau ===The , a 19th-century building included in the complex.The (“Water Gate Pavilion”) is identical to the .",
"It is close to the location of the former , the remnants of which were demolished in the 1980s.=== Pierre Mendès France Convention Centre ===The Pierre Mendès France Convention Centre () is a detached convention venue, also used by other departments.",
"It is named after Pierre Mendès France, who was prime minister during the Fourth Republic and had also served as minister of the national economy at the Liberation.=== Vauban building ===The Vauban building () is to the west of the Colbert building in the main lot.",
"It is named after Vauban, who was commissioner general for fortifications to Louis XIV, and although, he never served as a minister, is considered one of the greatest military engineers in French history.It is laid out as a grid around six inner courtyards.=== Necker building ===The Necker building () is to the northern end of the complex, reached by the Colbert building by its main northern arch over rue de Bercy.",
"It is named after Jacques Necker, who was controller general of finances under Louis XVI.=== Sully building ===The Sully building () is one of the two northwestern buildings between rue de Bercy and the tracks of the gare de Lyon.",
"It is named after Sully, who was superintendent of finances as well as chief minister to Henry IV.=== Turgot building ===The Turgot building () is the northwestern end of the complex, adjacent to the train station.",
"It is named after Turgot, who was controller general of finances under Louis XVI."
],
[
"Exterior spaces",
"The main exterior spaces of the complex are to the west of the Colbert building, with two main alleys named after Paul Ramadier (), the first prime minister of the Fourth Republic, and Jean Monnet (), one of the founding fathers of the European Union.",
"Between the Ministers House (across the ceremonial gate on the eastern facade) and the convention centre is the Robert Schuman Courtyard of Honour (), named after Robert Schuman, another EU founding father, and since 2008 decorated with the twelve stars of the flag of Europe.The main lot (north to the left)."
],
[
"Art"
],
[
"Reception",
"The building was labeled “” (ACR, “Remarkable Contemporary Architecture”) in 2016 by the Ministry of Culture."
],
[
"See also",
"*"
],
[
"Notes"
],
[
"Citations"
],
[
"Sources",
"* * * * * — Vidal was the civil servant coordinating the project.",
"* *"
],
[
"External links",
"* History of Bercy on the ministry website* Il y a 30 ans, le ministère des Finances s'installait à Bercy… — 30th anniversary on the ministry website * Ministère de l’Économie, des Finances et du Budget at AUA Paul Chemetov"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Brasenites"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Brasenites kansense''''' was a species of aquatic plant, which occurred in the early Cretaceous period of the United States of America."
],
[
"Description",
"===Vegetative characteristics===''Brasenites kansense'' has suborbicular to orbicular, petiolate, peltate leaves with entire margins.",
"The orbicular leaves are 6–8 cm wide, and the suborbicular leaves are 7.5-12.2 cm long, and 6–10.1 cm wide.",
"The leaf venation is actinodromous."
],
[
"Taxonomy",
"===Publication===It was published by Hongshan Wang and David L. Dilcher in 2006.===Type specimen===The type specimen was collected in Barton County, Kansas, USA.===Position within Nymphaeales===It is placed in the family Cabombaceae."
],
[
"Etymology",
"The generic name ''Brasenites'' expresses an association to the genus ''Brasenia''.",
"The specific epithet ''kansense'' refers to Kansas, USA."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Victoria Beach Pirate Tower"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Victoria Beach Pirate Tower''' is a historic tower in Victoria Beach in Laguna Beach, California.",
"It was built in 1926 and is currently locked from entry.",
"It is inaccessible during high tide."
],
[
"History",
"The building was constructed in 1926 and was originally used as a staircase to the beach by William Edward Brown.",
"He was a representative of California's 37th district in the state senate and had his vacation home in Laguna Beach.",
"The tower was inspired by the castles Brown and his wife, Eleanor, had encountered during a trip to France.Brown sold the house to a retired naval captain, Harold Kendrick, in the early 1940s.",
"Kendrick was a pirate fanatic and invited children over for games and sea stories while dressed in pirate clothing.",
"He held scavenger hunts and puzzles in which the winner would receive \"cold cash\" — a handful of refrigerated change.",
"The house has changed owners a few times since, being bought at one point by actress Bette Midler.",
"In 2012, a city inspector found that the tower's shingle roof was degrading and was starting to crack the exterior plaster."
],
[
"Features",
"The tower is primarily made from concrete, with its base being constructed from ocean stones.",
"The roof is conical and shingled.",
"There are a few rectangular window openings dispersed irregularly.",
"The staircase inside the tower is wooden.",
"The tower can be accessed through a staircase to the beach from the road."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* The tower on Atlas Obscura"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Shona Heath"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Shona Heath''' is a British production designer.",
"She is nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Production Design for the film ''Poor Things''.At the 77th British Academy Film Awards, she won a BAFTA Award for Best Production Design.",
"Her win was shared with James Price and Zsuzsa Mihalek."
],
[
"Selected filmography",
"* ''The Lost Explorer'' (2010)* ''The Magic Paintbrush'' (2016)* ''Eye Ear You'' (2022)* ''Poor Things'' (2023)"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"List of awards and nominations received by Ileana D' Cruz"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Ileana D'Cruz is an Indian Actress who works in Hindi and Telugu language films as well some Tamil films.",
"She is recipient of several accolades including a Filmfare Award, Filmfare Award South, Zee Cine Award, Screen Award, and Stardust Award.D’Cruz made her screen debut in 2006 with the Telugu-language film Devadasu, which was commercially successful where she won the Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut - South.",
"Ileana received her breakthrough with the 2006 Telugu-language action thriller film Pokiri, in which she had her first Filmfare Award for Best Actress - Telugu nomination.",
"She continued being nominated for Jalsa (2008) and Kick (2009).Ileana went and expanded to Hindi Cinema after she made her Hindi debut with Barfi (2012), where she won several accolades including the Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut."
],
[
"Film Awards",
"YearAwardCategoryFilmOutcome2006Filmfare Awards SouthBest Female Debut - SouthDevadasuBest Actress - TeluguPokiri2008JalsaSantosham Film AwardsBest Actress2009Filmfare Awards SouthBest Actress - TeluguKick2012Vijay AwardsFavorite HeroineNanbanFilmfare AwardsBest Female DebutBarfi!Best Supporting ActressZee Cine AwardsBest Female DebutScreen AwardsBest Female DebutBest Supporting ActressStardust AwardsSuperstar of Tomorrow - FemaleStar Guild AwardsBest Female DebutBIG Star Entertainment AwardsBest Female Debut2014Stardust AwardsSuperstar of Tomorrow – FemaleMain Tera Hero''Happy Ending''Best Actress in Romance or Comedy Screen AwardsBest Actress (Popular Choice)Main Tera Hero2016RustomBIG Star Entertainment AwardsBest Actress in a Romantic FilmBest Actress in a Thriller Film2021The Big BullHit List OTT AwardsBest Supporting Actress"
],
[
"Other Awards",
"YearAwardFilmCategoryResult2012Times of India Film AwardsBarfi Best Female Debut Best Supporting Actress ETC Bollywood Business AwardsBest Female Debut2015Filmfare Glamour and Style AwardsN/A Emerging Face of the Year (Female)"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"# Ileana D’Cruz# Ileana D’Cruz Awards at IMDB# Ileana D’Cruz Filmography"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Farmer's Daughter (The Beach Boys song)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"\"'''Farmer's Daughter'''\" is a song by the American rock band the Beach Boys, appearing on their ''Surfin’ U.S.A.'' album in 1963.Although the song was originally solely credited to Brian Wilson, Mike Love was later awarded a writing credit.",
"\"Farmer's Daughter\" was later covered by Fleetwood Mac on their 1980 ''Live'' album and released as a single in Austria, where it reached the top ten."
],
[
"Background",
"Initial tracking for \"Farmer's Daughter\" was completed around the same time as \"Lana\" and soon after the master tracks were completed for \"Surfin' U.S.A.\" and \"Shut Down\".",
"An acetate disc containing early demos of \"Lana\" and \"Farmer's Daughter\" was made at Radio Recorders with the recording date being listed as January 16, 1963.The song starts with a surf-guitar lick, which author Philip Lambert likened to \"The Shift\", a Wilson-Love composition from the Beach Boys's 1962 debut album, ''Surfin' Safari''.",
"Both songs adhere to an AABA form, with a similar chord progression in the B-section and an ascending melody that moves from the first tonal degree to the fifth degree before returning to the root note of the scale.",
"Lambert also stated that the song draws further elements from \"Number One (Visions)\", a song penned by Wilson and Gary Usher in 1962, with the final phrases of both songs following a IV-V-I chord progression.Guitarist David Marks believed that an encounter with a young fan after a Beach Boys performance in Northern California inspired the song.",
"Lyrically, the song pertains to sexual fantasies of teenage boys and a desire to have a one-night stand with the farmer's daughter, offering to travel miles away to visit her.Donald A. Guarisco of AllMusic described \"Farmer's Daughter\" as one of the band's most appealing early tracks.",
"He wrote that \"the song's hypnotic quality is bolstered by the Beach Boys' effective recording, which downplays the instrumentation in favor of a sweet-sounding vocal arrangement that allows Brian Wilson's gorgeous falsetto lead to take flight over background vocals that repeat key words in a mesmerizing fashion.",
"The end result is a beguiling tune that has endeared itself to the many students of Wilson's songcraft\"."
],
[
"Fleetwood Mac version",
"Fleetwood Mac originally recorded a cover of \"Farmer's Daughter\" during the ''Tusk'' sessions in 1979.Guitarist Lindsey Buckingham played the song during breaks, with Stevie Nicks occasionally joining in on vocal harmonies.",
"Brian Wilson was an influence on Buckingham since he was a teenager, and Brian's brother Dennis was dating Fleetwood Mac keyboardist Christine McVie at the time.",
"In February 1979, Brian stopped by Studio D of The Village Recorder at the request of Buckingham, which further inspired him to record \"Farmer's Daughter\".Buckingham played the riff on a Fender Bass VI, which was plugged directly into the mixing console.",
"He recorded four different takes, each with slight variations in the muting and string bending.",
"Producer Ken Caillat added a Neve preamp and equalizer to these tracks and applied a Universal 1176 compressor to provide the instrument with more character.",
"Drummer Mick Fleetwood eschewed the surf-beat found on the original recording in favor of a basic groove on muted tom-toms.",
"For the vocals, Buckingham, Nicks, and McVie sang their first take in falsetto and did two additional vocal harmonies through three Neumann U49 microphones.",
"Small auratone 5C monitor speakers were also placed in the room for sound reference.",
"The band spent 24 hours in the studio working on the track and later presented the recording to Dennis Wilson, who broke down in tears upon hearing it.",
"While the song was not included on the original release of Tusk, it did appear as a bonus track on the remastered edition of the album in 2004.In 1980, a recording from the Santa Monica Civic Auditorium was used on the ''Live'' album.",
"In an interview with ''BAM'' magazine, Buckingham explained that he had \"always been a Brian Wilson fan, and so much of what he’s done has either gone over people’s heads or been ignored for one reason or another...'Farmer's Daughter' probably could've been a successful single for them if they'd released it.\"",
"He further stated that the band selected the song for inclusion on ''Live'' due to its relative obscurity.",
"Later that year, the song was released as a single in North America, Australia, and various countries in continental Europe.",
"It only charted in Austria, where it debuted and peaked at number six."
],
[
"Track listing",
"; 7-inch single (Europe)# \"The Farmer's Daughter\" – 2:12# \"Dreams\" (live) – 4:18;7-inch single (North America and Australia)# \"The Farmer's Daughter\" – 2:12# \"Monday Morning\" (live) – 4:01"
],
[
"Weekly charts",
"Chart (1981)Peakposition"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Ardian Limani"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Ardian Limani''' (born 18 November 1993) is a Kosovar professional footballer who plays as a Centre-back for Football Superleague of Kosovo club Prishtina"
],
[
"Club career",
"===DRITA===Born in Gjilan, in modern-day Kosovo, with a family originally from the village of Gjilan.",
"Limani played with Drita in the Football Superleague of Kosovo ===FC Feronikeli 74===Limani was transferred to Feronikeli in the summer of 2016.He debuted in the Super League of Kosovo, his opponent was Besa Pejë.Stayed one year and was declared champion in Football Superleague of Kosovo===DRITA===He returned in 2017 to FC Drita as captain, where he was declared the champion of Kosovo twice and stayed for six years.===KF Shkëndija===Limani was transferred to the Albanian team from Macedonia Shkëndija in July 2023, where he stayed for six months===FC Prishtina===He moved to Pristina in January 2024 and made his debut in the first match against current Kosovo champions Ballkani in the Kosovo Super Cup, where they won 2-1."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* *"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Haru no Arashi to Monster"
],
[
"Introduction",
" is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Mitsubachi Miyuki.",
"It began serialization in Hakusensha's ''shōjo'' manga magazine ''Hana to Yume'' in July 2022."
],
[
"Publication",
"Written and illustrated by Mitsubachi Miyuki, ''Haru no Arashi to Monster'' began serialization in Hakusensha's ''shōjo'' manga magazine ''Hana to Yume'' on July 5, 2022.Its chapters have been collected into four ''tankōbon'' volumes as of December 2023."
],
[
"Reception",
"The series was nominated for the ninth Next Manga Awards in 2023 in the print category and was ranked twelfth out of 41 nominees.",
"The series was ranked ninth at the Tsutaya Comic Award in 2023."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Official manga website *"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"2008 United States Virgin Islands legislative election"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''2008 United States Virgin Islands legislative election''' was held on Tuesday, November 4, 2008, to elect members of the 28th Virgin Islands Legislature."
],
[
"Democratic primary",
"The Democratic primary election were held on September 13, 2008.The top 7 candidates who receive the most votes would proceed to the general election."
],
[
"General Election"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Pedigree Petfoods and Heinz extortion campaign"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Pedigree Chum dog food and Heinz extortion campaign''' was an attempted extortion against Pedigree Petfoods and Heinz, during which an extortionist contaminated tins of dog and baby food.",
"Pedigree was advised by police to pay limited sums of money to the extortionist, while cash machines were put under surveillance.",
"Heinz lost millions in sales and eventually offered a £100,000 reward, which the extortionist attempted to collect.",
"However, he was arrested at the cashpoint, where police discovered the extortionist was former Metropolitan Police Detective Sergeant Rodney Whitchelo.Whitchelo was found guilty on six counts of blackmail, two counts each of contaminating food products and attempting to obtain property by deception, as well as one count of making a threat to kill, and was sentenced to 17-years-imprisonment."
],
[
"Rodney Whitchelo",
"Whitchelo was born in Hackney, London, in 1947.He attended Hackney Secondary Modern, before starting his first job with the Johnson Matthey chemical firm in Hatton Garden.In 1976, Whitchelo enrolled in the Metropolitan Police, completing training at Hendon Police College.",
"His career saw him become a qualified armed officer, before being promoted to Detective Sergeant.In July 1986, Whitchelo was a detective sergeant working in East London.",
"Then, aged 38, Whitchelo attended a training school for detectives located at the Derbyshire Constabulary headquarters.",
"It was here that Whitchelo and fellow trainee detectives were given a lecture on how the 1980s had seen a ‘new type of terrorist’, known as the ‘consumer terrorist’.",
"This was where an extortionist would target a large company, with any ransom money being requested, a lot less than the potential loss of profits from consumers not buying products, for fear they were tampered with.",
"However, the problem for the extortionist, was collecting the ransom money, as it required them to be at a specific place and time to claim the money.",
"The lecturer found that Whitchelo was ‘unusually interested’ in the lecture.Whitchelo finished his policing career with the Criminal Investigation Department at Hackney, having previously worked with the Regional Crime Squad (RCS) in East London.",
"On the grounds of ill health from suffering with asthma, Whitchelo took early retirement, after 13 years with the Metropolitan Police.",
"He left with a commendation for exemplary conduct.While working for the police, Whitchelo started a side business, creating his own computer firm.",
"However, this placed Whitchelo into debt."
],
[
"Beginnings",
"=== Contaminated dog food and extortion letter sent to Pedigree Petfoods ===In August 1988, Pedigree Petfoods received a package to their Leicestershire office.",
"Within it was a can of dog food and a letter that had been written on a typewriter.",
"The letter started:The letter stated that the dog food that had accompanied the letter had been mixed with certain chemicals, which were biocides and which had been chosen due to them being ‘colourless, odourless and highly toxic’.The letter stated that the chemicals were ‘virtually undetectable’ by a pet owner and that’ if payment is not forthcoming from Pedigree Petfoods or Mars Inc., then large numbers of similarly contaminated tins will appear on retailers shelves throughout Great Britain’.Whitchelo pretended that he was a gang of blackmailers, he explained to Pedigree Petfoods to acknowledge his letter with a coded message in the personal column of The Daily Telegraph.=== Initial police involvement ===Pedigree Petfoods contacted the Leicestershire Police, who advised them to place the advert in the paper, with the police including a telephone number, hoping that the blackmailers would contact them.The first coded message wrote:=== Collecting the ransom money ===Whitchelo replied with a further letter, stating that Pedigree's Petfood's reply had been seen, but that the problem would be the pickup of the money.",
"However, Whitchelo came up with an idea that involved the ransom money being dispensed to three accounts, where the money could be collected at ATMs across the country.",
"The account details were sent to a postal address in Hammersmith, London, where police discovered that the accounts, from Abbey National, Halifax and Nationwide banks, had been opened two years previously and were untraceable.",
"The police realised that the blackmailers could withdraw £300 each day.=== Police pay the ransom money ===The police only paid ransom money into the Halifax account, which limited the Whitchelo to 900 cashpoints across the country.",
"Police were hopeful that if withdrawals were made in one particular area, that this would further reduce the number of cashpoints, allowing them to conduct a surveillance operation.However, Whitchelo chose various cashpoints across the United Kingdom, including Wales and Scotland.",
"Limiting the amount of cashpoints by only putting the ransom money into the Halifax account frustrated Whitchelo.",
"It was at that point, he decided to contaminate dog food and put it in public.=== Petfood contaminated ===On December 5, 1988, after a number of hoax calls were made to police, Essex Police were told that contaminated Pedigree Chum dog food had been placed on the shelves at Savercentre Supermarket in Basildon.",
"Intercepting some of the tins, forensic scientists discovered that they had been contaminated with salicylic acid.Leicestershire Police asked Pedigree Petfood's to keep the situation a secret, as it was obvious which can's had been tampered with and therefore the public weren't at risk.",
"However, Whitchelo threatened causing issues with sales to Pedigree in a further letter, stating that the tactics of the ‘blackmailers’ were changing, with razor blades being put into the tins, of which the public would then come forward to reveal that tins were being tampered with.=== Extortion Letter to Heinz ===On 22 March 1989, Whitchelo wrote a letter to the Heinz baby food company, who were based in London.",
"Within the letter, he stated that for five years, he wanted £100,000 from Heinz and that if they didn't deliver on this, he would contaminate their baby food products with caustic soda."
],
[
"Operation Roach",
"=== Operation launched ===The Metropolitan Police launched Operation Roach.",
"The investigation was headed up by the Regional Crime Squad at New Scotland Yard.",
"An incident room was set up, headed by Detective Chief Superintendent, Pat Fleming, with Detective Chief Inspector, Gavin Robertson, deputy in the investigation.",
"The nationwide police investigation cost £3million.The Metropolitan Police team were told that it appeared a gang, who had been threatening Pedigree Petfoods, were also responsible for the threats towards Heinz.=== Initial surveillance ===Fleming stated that at that stage, surveillance was the only option.",
"This included three officers being at each possible cashpoint machine; one officer watching the computer to see when the blackmailers account was being used and the other two to intercept the person at the cashpoint.",
"With there being 900 possible cashpoints linked to Halifax, it was determined that it would require 3,000 officers, but that the blackmailers wouldn't suspect police to be watching every cashpoint.",
"Across the country, teams of officers conducted surveillance on cashpoints.",
"However, on a night of surveillance on 27 April 1989, the blackmailers made no withdrawals.=== Whitchelo aware of police investigation tactics ===What police weren't aware of, was that Whitchelo was friends with officer's within the surveillance operation, who inadvertently briefed him about the surveillance taking place.In fact, Whitchelo had worked with Robertson when he was in the police and in June 1989, whilst the investigation into him was ongoing, called Robertson.=== Operation Stab ===A separate operation, Operation Stab, was set up around June 1989, in order to keep surveillance on eight false addresses.",
"These addresses had been set up by Whitchelo.=== Surveillance continues and a blackmailer is seen ===Fleming later set up video surveillance at a few of the cashpoints and on 23 December, a withdrawal was made from the blackmail account at a cashpoint covered by one of the cameras, in Ipswich, Suffolk, 66.9 miles northeast of London.",
"The footage showed a person approach the cashpoint, however, they were dressed in a motorbike helmet, obscuring their face and leaving police unable to establish the persons identity.=== Member of the public discovers contaminated baby food ===In Rayleigh, Essex, a member of the public located a printed label in the bottom of a jar of Heinz baby food that read ‘POISONED NAOH’ (NaOH is the chemical symbol for caustic soda).",
"Fortunately, the member of the public had bought the baby food for her dog, and had discovered the label, that had sunken to the bottom of the jar, when she was spooning out the contents, prior to giving the food to her dog.In another incident, a nine month old baby was rushed to hospital having eaten food laced with razor blade fragments.Officers discovered enough poison in another jar of Heinz’s cauliflower baby food to kill 27 children.=== Fleming and Robertson suspect a leak in the investigation ===As the surveillance continued not to bring any success, Fleming, on speaking to Robertson, discussed how it was as if the blackmailers knew when the police surveillance was occurring.",
"It was wondered whether there was a leak within the investigation team.=== Decision to take the card from the blackmailers ===At this stage, a total of £14,000 of ransom money had been withdrawn.",
"In order to get past the daily £300 withdrawal limit, at times, Whitchelo would use a cashpoint just before midnight, then shortly afterwards, enabling him to take £600 from one visit of the cashpoint.",
"The police decided at this stage, that the banking computer system should be programmed to swallow the card whenever it was used next, perhaps being able to take a fingerprint to identify a suspect.",
"However, Whitchelo always wore gloves.=== The operation is made public ===The next time that Whitchelo used the card, the cashpoint swallowed it.",
"In response, Whitchelo wrote another letter, where he stated:The risk of a member of the public dying led police to go public about the operation, with Fleming briefing the media about the threat that Heinz had received.",
"After the briefing, in just one month, there were over 2,000 reported copycat false-alarms.",
"Heinz faced a massive slump in sales and offered a reward of £100,000 for information leading to the conviction of the blackmailers.In April 1989, as a result of Whitchelo, Heinz spent £32million to replace their baby food containers, shrink-wrapping them.=== Heinz offer a reward and an 'informant' approaches them ===Soon after Heinz stated they would provide a reward, a letter was received by managing director, John Hinch, which in exchange for the reward, offered inside information about the blackmail gang.",
"The writer of the letter stated that they were aware police had been watching the cashpoints, and knew the codenames of ‘Romeo and Juliet’, that the writer of the original letters had used.",
"The difference between the original letters and this letter to Heinz was that the original letters were typed, whereas this letter was stencilled.",
"The matter of payment of the reward was to be through building society accounts.",
"This led Fleming to believe that police were dealing with a blackmailer, as opposed to an informant.",
"The only other person aware of the letter other than Fleming was Robertson, to prevent any information reaching the blackmailers.Fleming's belief that the letter attempting to claim the reward money from Heinz was not from an informant, but rather a blackmailer, was correct; it was Whitchelo who had written the letter.",
"Due to the card to the ransom money account having been taken off him, Whitchelo's income had stopped, causing him to use two other bank accounts, that had been set up in the name of Ian and Nina Fox.",
"Whitchelo pretended to be an informant to claim the reward money."
],
[
"Operation Agincourt",
"=== New, top-secret operation is setup ===Fleming and Robertson wanted to give their team the impression that Operation Roach, the investigation into the blackmailers, was slowing down.",
"However, a new, top-secret operation had commenced, codenamed ‘Operation Agincourt’.",
"Two officers who were on the previous investigation team were transferred, with one being told to tell his colleagues he was off on sick leave and the other, at a later stage, to tell them that he was off work due to compassionate reasons.",
"Fleming added some of the reward money into the Ian and Nina Fox accounts, which showed that the person withdrawing the money was doing so more locally, as opposed to travelling further distances as they had done so before.",
"It showed the majority of withdrawals were occurring within the London area, with a slight favour towards cashpoints in the east.A new surveillance operation occurred, planned for October 20 and 21.This was to be London-focused, as opposed to national-focused.",
"The team decided to focus on the Woolwich area of London, choosing 15 cashpoints to stakeout.",
"Officers from Special Branchwere brought in to assist with the surveillance, in order for the secrecy of the operation to be maintained.However, prior to the planned surveillance operation being started, a workman accidentally cut through an electrical cable servicing the Woolwich mainframe computer.",
"This meant that police now couldn't know when the account was being used at a cashpoint.",
"Although this was a setback, the operation had already been setup and Fleming decided to proceed with it.=== Whitchelo is spotted and arrested ===Whitchelo attempted to use a cashpoint in Uxbridge, which wasn't the focus of surveillance.",
"However, due to the workman's accident, it had been placed out of order.",
"Whitchelo attempted to find another machine to withdraw money from.",
"At 12:30 in the morning in Enfield, Middlesex, officer's conducting surveillance noticed a person getting out of a car, wearing a motorbike helmet, matching the description they had been given.",
"Officers exited their vehicle and followed the person to a cashpoint; it was Whitchelo.",
"However, the cashpoint he attempted to use was also out of order.",
"Whitchelo returned to his vehicle, where the surveillance officers searched him.",
"Asked why he was wearing a crash helmet, Whitchelo replied that it stopped him from getting wet.",
"On his person, officer's located a card in the name of Ian and Nina Fox.",
"Whitchelo was arrested in connection with offences of blackmail and threats to kill.Whitchelo had managed to withdraw £34,000 in total."
],
[
"Charge",
"On 23 October 1989, Whitchelo appeared at Marylebone magistrates.",
"He was accused of ‘conspiring with a person or persons unknown that between August 1988 and October this year 1989, with a view to gain for himself, he made an unwarranted demand for £1.25m on H.J.",
"Heinz and Company.Whichelo was remanded in custody for one week, scheduled to return to court on 20 November 1989."
],
[
"Post-arrest investigation",
"Police discovered that Whitchelo often called his mother and friends on his mobile phone as he travelled.",
"These times and locations were cross-referenced with the cashpoint withdrawals, showing a match.A tape was located of a recording between Whitchelo and a friend, who was a journalist, who were planning to write a book about Whitchelo's policing career.",
"On one evening, the conversation turned to how the perfect crime could be committed.",
"Whitchelo claimed the most important rule was the ‘golden rule’, which was not to be greedy; a rule that he appeared to have broken."
],
[
"Trial",
"Whitchelo's trial was held at the Old Bailey, in front of Judge Nina Lowry.Throughout his trial, Whitchelo claimed that he had been ‘set up’ by other police officers.On 17 December 1990, Whitchelo was found guilty of six counts of blackmail, two counts each of contaminating food products and attempting to obtain property by deception, as well as one count of making a threat to kill.",
"Whitchelo was sentenced to 17-years-imprisonment."
],
[
"Aftermath",
"In August 1998, Whitchelo was released from prison, having spent nine years in prison.",
"Speaking to the ''Sunday Mirror'', Whitchlo believed he had atoned and apologised for his actions."
],
[
"See also",
"* Tesco blackmail plot - an extortion attempt against Tesco and which led to the largest blackmail investigation in the UK, between 2018 and 2020, where an extortionist threatened to contaminate baby food with salmonella, white powder and knives* 2007 Tesco blackmail campaign - an extortion attempt against the British supermarket chain Tesco in 2007, where an extortionist threatened to put caustic soda in yoghurt sold in the store* Tesco bomb campaign - an attempted extortion against British supermarket chain Tesco in August 2000, in which a blackmailer identified by the pseudonym \"Sally\" sent letters to Tesco stores threatening to harm customers if his demands—for Clubcards, modified so that the holder could withdraw cash from ATMs—were not met.",
"Several months after the threat first came to light, \"Sally\" sent out several letter bombs.",
"* Edgar Pearce - dubbed the 'Mardi Gras bomber', Pearce targeted six different branches of Barclays bank and five branches of Sainsbury's supermarkets with home-made bombs, attempting to get the companies to pay him money"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Meggs"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Meggs''' may refer to:"
],
[
"People",
"*Brown Meggs*Fred Meggs*Geoff Meggs*Kelly Meggs*Lindsay Meggs*Philip B. Meggs*Tony Meggs*William Joel Meggs"
],
[
"Other",
"* ''Ginger Meggs'', a comic strip"
],
[
"See also",
"*MEGG, a singer*Meigs (disambiguation)*Meiggs (disambiguation)"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"2024 Kashima Antlers season"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''2024 season''' is Kashima Antlers' 32nd consecutive season in the J1 League, the top flight of Japanese football since the introduction of professional football in 1993.As well as the domestic league, they will compete in the Emperor's Cup and the J.League Cup."
],
[
"Squad",
"===Season squad=== Squad no.",
"Name Nationality Position(s) Date of birth (age at start of season) Goalkeepers 1 Tomoki Hayakawa GK 29 Yuji Kajikawa GK 31 Taiki Yamada GK 38 Park Eui-jeong GK Defenders 2 Koki Anzai RB / LB 5 Ikuma Sekigawa CB 16 Hidehiro Sugai LB 28 Shuhei Mizoguchi LB 32 Kimito Nono RB 39 Keisuke Tsukui DF 42 Haruto Matsumoto '''Type 2''' RB 55 Naomichi Ueda CB Midfielders 8 Shoma Doi SS / LW / RW 10 Gaku Shibasaki ''(c)'' CM / DM 14 Yuta Higuchi RM / CM 15 Tomoya Fujii LM / RM 25 Kaishu Sano DM 26 Naoki Sutoh LM / RM 27 Yuta Matsumura RM / LM 30 Shintaro Nago CM / AM 33 Hayato Nakama LM / AM 34 Yu Funabashi DM 77 Guilherme Parede LW / RW Forwards 7 Aleksandar Čavrić FW / RW 13 Kei Chinen FW / RW 36 Shu Morooka FW 37 Yuki Kakita FW 40 Yuma Suzuki FW 41 Homare Tokuda '''Type 2''' FW"
],
[
"Transfers",
"===Arrivals===DatePositionPlayerFromTypeSource9 June 2023 Kwansei Gakuin UniversityFull8 December 2023 Fagiano OkayamaLoan return24 December 2023 Talleres Loan28 December 2023 Júbilo Iwata Full29 January 2024 Slovan Bratislava Loan===Departures===DatePositionPlayerToTypeSource30 November 2023Retired7 December 2023Released7 December 2023Released7 December 2023 SantosFull8 December 2023 FC RyukyuLoan24 December 2023 FC TokyoLoan25 December 2023 FC Machida ZelviaFull26 December 2023 Shimizu S-PulseLoan26 December 2023 Shimizu S-PulseFull3 January 2024 Shonan BellmareFull5 January 2024 Vissel KobeFull"
],
[
"Pre-season and friendlies"
],
[
"Competitions",
"===J1 League=======Matches====The full league fixtures were released on 23 January 2024."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Charlie Chaplin right of publicity case"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Chaplin v. Amador''''', a lawsuit brought by actor Charlie Chaplin against an imitator named \"Charlie Aplin,\" set an important legal precedent that a performer's persona and style, in this case Chaplin's \"particular kind or type of mustache, old and threadbare hat, clothes and shoes, a decrepit derby, ill-fitting vest, tight-fitting coat, and trousers and shoes much too large for him, and with this attire, a flexible cane usually carried, swung and bent as he performs his part,\" is entitled to legal protection from those unfairly mimicking those traits in order to deceive the public.",
"The case was an important milestone in U.S. courts' ultimate recognition of a common-law right of publicity."
],
[
"Trial",
"Charlie Chaplin as \"the Tramp\"Chaplin sued Charles Amador in 1923, claiming that Amador had been \"stealing his stuff\" by performing in films an imitation of Chaplin under the name \"Charlie Aplin.\"",
"The case attracted widespread publicity, with front-page newspaper coverage.",
"When Chaplin testified, \"admiring movie fans thronged the court room to get a glimpse of him in the witness box.\"",
"Chaplin's cross-examination was heated and contentious.Chaplin's counsel, Lloyd Wright, argued that Chaplin \"is the only performer who has used this particular 'tramp' makeup consistently since 1913.The baggy pants, small mustache and small derby have become unalterably associated in the public mind with Charlie Chaplin.\"",
"\"Charlie Chaplin is protected from imitators who dress their products to resemble his, just as much as are makers of automobile headlights or any other product which enjoys popularity.\"",
"As evidence, he argued, \"Chaplin receives mail without any address carrying only a sketch of the character he portrays in the films.\"",
"He presented evidence from prominent writer Rob Wagner that the Amador films would confuse Chaplin fans, and Monta Bell, a director whose mentor was Chaplin, who testified that he had been misled by lobby displays of figures resembling Chaplin.",
"He also argued that the defendants' consultation with attorneys before making their \"imitation\" motion pictures showed that they had acted with fraudulent intent.Amador's attorney Ben Goldman presented evidence that Chaplin's \"duck shuffle walk\" had been portrayed on the British stage around 1907 by music hall player Fred Kitchen, predating Chaplin's portrayal.",
"Goldman argued that Chaplin's so-called persona was merely \"tricks of makeup\" that had been used by scores of comedians before him.",
"The trick derby, cane, and even the \"picturesque brogans,\" he argued, were worn by slapstick artists before Chaplin's time.",
"He added, \"I have found Chaplin's antics funny, but I never got a spiritual kick out of them.",
"Chaplin is demanding a monopoly of a role which has been common property of countless comedians.\"",
"Goldman posited, \"Is this so-called king of clowns to be granted special privileges greater than those given to an Edison, Steinmetz, or any other pioneer in fields of progress?\"",
"Making the point that even copyrights and patents only confer temporary legal protection, not protection in perpetuity, Goldman argued: \"Even the inventions of the nation's geniuses are given protection with the understanding that at the expiration of a limited number of years their discoveries will become public property to be used for the benefit of all.\"",
"He also tried to introduce evidence that Chaplin had previously lost a similar lawsuit in Germany."
],
[
"Ruling",
"Three months later, the court entered its ruling: an \"injunction forbidding the use of the name Charlie Aplin by the defendant or other imitation by him or associated defendants whereby the public would be likely to be deceived into believing films or screens acted and offered by the defendants were those of the plaintiff, leaving it to be determined by themselves what constitutes such imitation, advertising and deception, and to the court, thereafter, on contempt proceedings, to determine whether acts, charged and committed, constituted violation of the terms of the injunction.\"",
"Both sides claimed victory.",
"After the decision, Amador's lawyer declared that his client would give up the name Charlie Aplan, but would otherwise continue producing films as before, without changing his makeup."
],
[
"Appeal",
"On appeal, the court affirmed the trial court, holding that the plaintiff had a right to seek \"to prevent a defendant from imitating the plaintiff in such a way as to deceive the public and work a fraud upon the public and plaintiff.\"",
"The court cited as evidence of an intent to deceive that the defendant had sent letters to movie distributors reading, \"We announce the production of twelve two-reel record breaking comedies featuring `Charlie Aplin' in the well known character, famous the world over\"; \"Our comedian is a world beater in this famous character.",
"There never was a better drawing card.",
"A Charlie Aplin contract will soon be a big value in your territory, so wire us at once\"; and \"Aplin, whose name is like that of Charlie Chaplin, who looks like him and acts like him, and who is a regular fellow with it all, came down here for the Sanford Productions.\"",
"By focusing on the ample evidence of fraudulent intent, rather than the objective legal principle, the court was able to affirm Chaplin's rights in his persona without addressing whether the result would be the same in a setting involving less deliberate deception."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Paula Arai"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Paula Kane Robinson Arai''', who grew up in Detroit, Michigan, is a professor and Buddhist studies scholar, specializing in the academic study of women and Buddhism, specifically Jōdo Shinshū Buddhism and Japanese Sōtō Zen women.",
"She has also been an active public speaker and led workshops on healing rituals.Arai earned her Ph.D. in comparative religion and Japanese Buddhism from Harvard University.",
"While still a student, she began conducting ethnographic and historical research about Japanese Zen nuns, which eventually became her first book, ''Women Living Zen: Japanese Soto Buddhist Nuns'' (1999).",
"She taught courses in Buddhism, Asian religions, and theories of religion at Louisiana State University and is currently a member of the faculty at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in Berkeley, California.",
"She is a practitioner of the religious traditions she studies; her work is grounded in ethnographic research and her pedagogical approach \"blends a rigorous academic background with a compassionate, embodied, and person-centered approach to teaching\".",
"She has been awarded several research grants and teaching honors.Arai has written four additional books, as well as a long list of journal articles.",
"She published ''Bringing Zen Home: The Healing Heart of Japanese Women’s Rituals'' in 2011, in which she studied, the religious and spiritual practices of 12 lay women, whom she called her \"consociates\", ranging from their 40s to their 70s.",
"in 2019, Arai published ''Painting Enlightenment: Healing Visions of the Heart Sutra—The Buddhist Art of Iwasaki Tsuneo,'' which studies and analyzes the work of Iwaskaki Tsuneo (1917-2002), a Japanese biologist and Buddhist artist.",
"in 2022, she co-edited the ''Oxford Handbook of Buddhist Practice'', and in 2023, she published ''The Little Book of Zen Healing.''"
],
[
"Early life and education",
"Paula Arai grew up in Detroit, Michigan, to Lucian Ford Robinson, who was Euro-American, and Masuko Arai Robinson, who was Japanese.",
"Arai's father fought in World War II; her parents met during the U.S. occupation of Japan and \"were committed to healing after World War II\".",
"Her biographer, Karma Lekshe Tsomo, states that Arai \"learned to code-switch at home, toggling between the language and perspectives of her Japanese mother...and the North American cultural norms and expectations of her Anglo father\".",
"Arai's mother did not self-identify as a Buddhist; the family attended her husband's Methodist church services and their children were baptized in the Methodist Church.",
"Arai's mother, however, conveyed her Japanese worldview and Buddhist values to her children and as a result, Arai \"internalized her mother's Japanese Buddhist sensibility\".",
"Her father valued education, so he supported his daughter's schooling.Arai earned a bachelor's degree with honors in music and religion from Kalamazoo College in 1983, a Master of Theological Studies from Harvard Divinity School in 1985, a master's degree in the history of religions from Harvard in 1987, a master's degree in Buddhist Studies from Harvard in 1987, and a Ph.D. in comparative religion and Japanese Buddhism also from Harvard in 1993.She studied abroad at Waseda University in Tokyo from 1980 to 1983.While in her Ph.D. program, she was awarded a Fulbright scholarship in support of her dissertation, which included ethnographic and historical research about Japanese Zen nuns.",
"She also received a Edwin O. Reischaeur Institute Grant and a Lilly Foundation Grant that allowed her to study Asian American Christians.In 1997, Arai served as a translator for Antioch University's Buddhist Studies program, a semester-long undergraduate study abroad program, in Bodh Gaya, India.",
"While in India, she was introduced to the writings of Aoyama Rōshi, the abbess of Aichi Senmon Nisōdō, a monastic training center for Sōtō Zen nuns in Nagoya, Japan.",
"Tsomo called her experience in Bodhgaya \"a pivotal moment in Arai’s life\".",
"and that it \"set into motion a research trajectory that became the centerpiece of her early academic career\".",
"Arai was inspired to study the nuns' lives at Aichi Senmon Nisōdō while \"embedding herself in the life of the monastery\" for four months in the fall of 1989, which became her first book, ''Women Living Zen: Japanese Soto Buddhist Nuns'', published in 1999.Her study was based upon interviews with nuns, surveys of laypeople and nuns, and historical materials, such as publications written for and by nuns.",
"As Suzanne Mrozik states in her review of ''Women Living Zen'' in the ''Journal of Religion'', Arai's analysis \"centers on the efforts of twentieth-century Soto nuns to create a female monastic tradition that accords with their interpretations of Soto Zen teachings on monasticism and equality\".Arai was influenced by Martin Luther King Jr.; J.",
"Mark Thompson, her professor and a specialist in comparative religion; her mentor John Bunyan Spencer, who introduced her to the philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead; Wilfred Cantwell Smith; James Luther Adams; and Masatoshi Nagatomi, Harvard's first full-time professor of Buddhist Studies.",
"She later reported that the mixed and negatives messages she received during her doctoral education about the validity of a Japanese American woman specializing in the lives and religious practices of Japanese Buddhist women \"prepared her to overcome obstacles in order to make the contributions she was poised to make\".When Arai was still a student, she was able to see that women's emotional, spiritual, and intellectual lives were connected, and she wanted to study how, even while pursuing her academic studies.",
"She proposed researching Zen nuns in Japan, but her academic advisors considered it unworthy of study and stalled her dissertation and studies because they did not consider ethnographic studies rational.",
"At Harvard, not only was the topic radical for her time, so was her intention to embed herself into her subjects' lives.",
"The educational establishment resisted Arai's research because they considered it too emotional and Arai experienced professional discrimination as a result, but she pursued her studies and research, anyway.",
"As Tsomo states, \"Her vulnerability and honesty about her personal perspective and experience became an asset in her research\"."
],
[
"Career",
"In 1993, Arai taught and did research at Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, where she studied Hong Kong culture at the end of the colonial era and conducted field research in Japan.",
"She was able to defer a tenure-track position at Vanderbilt University, where she worked from 1994 to 2002, while caring for her infant son as a single parent and providing end-of-life care for her mother.",
"She conducted field work while raising her young son, which although was challenging, helped deepen her relationships with the lay women she studied.",
"Tsomo states that although Arai's life experiences at this time were not a part of her formal research, \"these natural yet intense life experiences launched her into the theme of healing, which became the basis for her subsequent work\".",
"Arai later told Tsomo that she experienced untenable working environments for women, especially for women of color, including reviews of 75 percent of the courses she taught and as Tsomo put it, \"as is quite common in the academy, she watched male candidates with fewer awards and achievements sail through the tenure process, only to see her own tenure process aborted\".In 2002, she joined the faculty at Carleton College, where she was awarded a Carleton College Targeted Opportunity Grant in 2003, an American Academy of Religion Research Assistance Grant in 2004, and a Mellon Faculty Fellowship in 2005.In 2007, she began a position at Louisiana State University (LSU), where she was awarded the Urmila Gopal Singhal Professorship in 2018; became full professor in 2020; and won two Manship Summer Research Fellowships in 2020 and 2021 and other teaching awards.",
"At LSU, she served as the section head for their Religious Studies department from 2010 to 2013 and was a member of the faculties of Asian Studies and Women's and Gender Studies.",
"She also taught courses in Buddhism, Asian religions, and theories of religion.",
"In 2023, Arai joined the faculty at the Institute of Buddhist Studies in Berkeley, California, as the inaugural Eshinni and Kakushinni Professor of Women and Buddhist Studies, which supports an Institute professor specializing in the academic study of women and Buddhism, specifically Jōdo Shinshū Buddhism.",
"The Institute of Buddhist Studies called Arai's appointment \"an historic moment for the empowerment of women committed to the Dharma\".",
"She has taught at the San Francisco Zen Center and the Upaya Zen Center in Santa Fe, New Mexico.",
"She was also an active public speaker and led workshops on healing rituals.Arai was a practitioner of the religion traditions she studied.",
"Tsomo states that Arai's pedagogical approach to teaching \"draws heavily on ethnographic methods she developed for her research, where self-reflexive interaction drives the interchange\".",
"Arai's faculty page on the Institute of Buddhist Studies webpage, which calls her a specialist in Japanese Sōtō Zen women, states that her work is \"grounded in ethnographic research\" and that she \"engages in immersive poetic storytelling as a medium for conveying the experiential dimension of Buddhist practices and teachings\".",
"The institute also stated, when they announced her position there, that Arai \"blends a rigorous academic background with a compassionate, embodied, and person-centered approach to teaching\"."
],
[
"Writings and research",
"Arai's first book, ''Women Living Zen'' (1999), expanded the scope of Zen studies by advancing critical interpretations of female monastic practices and by describing ethnographic data on Sōtō Zen nuns in Japan.",
"According to Arai's faculty page on the LSU website, the book \"changes the face of Zen scholarship with the restoration of women to historical accounts and a reassessment of religious practice and institutional patterns in light of prevailing gender relationships\".",
"Anna Grimshaw, in her review of ''Women Living Zen'', states that while describing female monasticism, Arai resists \"the androcentrism of much Buddhist scholarship\".",
"Reviewer Suzanne Mrozik calls the book \"a fine study\" and \"an insightful and engaging study of Japanese Sōtō Zen nuns\".In Arai's second book, ''Bringing Zen Home: The Healing Heart of Japanese Women’s Rituals'' (2011), expanded the scope of Zen studies, she studied, beginning in 1998 and lasting for over 10 years, the religious and spiritual practices of 12 lay women, ranging in age from their 40s to their 70s.",
"The women, who were \"strongly affected by World War II\", followed a variety of Japanese Buddhism sects.",
"She called her subjects, whose narratives made up her study's ethnographic foundation, \"consociates\"; she created close ties with each of them by disclosing details of her own life and experiences surrounding the death of her mother and considered them as partners in her work.",
"Arai found that Buddhist rituals help relieve fears, remind practitioners of impermanence, provide opportunities for healing, and help people cope with their loss and grief.",
"Using older communication styles of the Japanese language taught to her by her mother, Arai gained the trust of the older women she studied, focusing on the ritual practices they used in their homes.",
"As Tsomo states, Arai took a professional risk in conducting her research in this way, but it was successful because it unmasked \"the colonial penchant in religious studies\".",
"According to the Institute of Buddhist Studies, Arai maintained decades-long relationships with the women she studied.",
"Another contribution Arai makes in ''Bringing Zen Home'' is \"her discerning awareness of how Buddhist philosophy becomes a source of personal healing\".in 2019, Arai published ''Painting Enlightenment: Healing Visions of the Heart Sutra—The Buddhist Art of Iwasaki Tsuneo;'' Tsomo conducted exhibitions at museums, universities, and conferences featuring the work of Iwaskaki Tsuneo (1917-2002), a Japanese biologist and Buddhist artist.",
"Tsomo states that Arai's work surrounding Tsuneo, which Tsomo calls Arai's \"radical foray into Japanese Buddhist aesthetics\", was her \"most liberating scholarly endeavor\".",
"The book explores \"the healing dynamics of visual scripture in Iwasaki’s art\" and required ethnographic field research and fluency in written and spoken Japanese because Arai conducted in-depth interviews with Iwaskaki and read primary and secondary materials.",
"Her expertise in Japanese Buddhist culture and Buddhist Madhyamika philosophy enabled her to interpret and contextualize Iwaskaki's art he created with the ''Heart of Wisdom Sūtra''.In 2022, Arai co-edited, with Kevin Trainor, the ''Oxford Handbook of Buddhist Practice'', a volume featuring 39 scholars from around the world and which emphasizes \"embodied experience as an integral aspect of the predominantly text-centered field of Buddhist Studies\".",
"In 2023, Arai published ''The Little Book of Zen Healing'', which describes how to maintain meaning despite the challenges of daily life and the use of ritual to heal from grief, cope with intense emotions, and experience \"a depth of warm gratitude that melts fear and anger\"."
],
[
"Awards and honors",
"* Hong Kong University of Science & Technology Research Grant (1993—1994)* Vanderbilt University Research Council Summer Research Grant (1995)* Vanderbilt University Research Council Direct Research Grant (1995)* Vanderbilt University Venture Fund Award for Teaching (1995)* Fulbright Senior Scholar Grant (1998)* American Council of Learned Societies Fellow (1998)* Vanderbilt University Research Council Direct Research Grant (1998)* Vanderbilt University Research Council Direct Research Grant (2000)* Vanderbilt University Venture Fund Award for Teaching (2000)* Carleton College Targeted Opportunity Grant (2003)* American Academy of Religion Research Assistance Grant (2004)* Mellon Faculty Fellowship, Carleton College (2005)* ATLAS (Awards to Louisiana Artists and Scholars), Louisiana Board of Regents (2008—2009)* Manship Summer Research Fellowship (2012, 2020)"
],
[
"Selected publications",
"=== Books ===* '' Women Living Zen: Japanese Sōtō Buddhist Nuns'' (1999).",
"New York: Oxford University Press, .",
"* '' Bringing Zen Home: The Healing Heart of Japanese Women’s Rituals'' (2011).",
"Honolulu, Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press.",
"* ''Painting Enlightenment: Healing Visions of the Heart Sutra'' (2019).",
"Boulder, Colorado: Shambhala Publications.",
"* ''Oxford Handbook of Buddhist Practice'' (co-editor with Kevin Trainor) (2022).",
"Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.",
"* ''The Little Book of Zen Healing: Japanese Rituals for Beauty, Harmony, and Love'' (2023).",
"Boulder, Colorado: Shambhala Publications.=== Articles in academic journals ===* \"Nuns: Japanese Buddhism’s Living Treasures.\"",
"''Hikaku Shisō Kenkyū'' ''Studies in Comparative Philosophy'' 17 (1990): 189–184.",
"* \"Discovering Sōtō Zen Nuns’ Contributions to Japanese Buddhism and Culture.\"",
"''Zen Kenkyūjō Kiyō'' ''Journal of the Institute for Zen Studies'' 28 (1999): 246-230.",
"* \"Exploring Strategies for Research on Buddhist Women.\"",
"''Hikaku Shisō Kenkyū'' ''Studies in Comparative Philosophy'' 25 (May 1999): 13–23.",
"* \"The Dead As 'Personal Buddhas': Japanese Ancestor Rites as Healing Rites.\"",
"''Pacific World Third Series'', 5 (Fall 2003): 3–17.",
"* \"Bowing to the Dharma: Japanese Buddhist Women Leaders and Healers.\"",
"''Religions: Special Issue on Women in Buddhism'', 2017.=== Chapters in edited volumes ===* “Sōtō Zen Nuns in Modern Japan: Keeping and Creating Tradition.” In Mullins, Mark, Shimazono Susumu, and Paul Swanson (eds.).",
"''Religion and Society in Modern Japan''.",
"Berkeley, California: Asian Humanities Press, 1993.203–218.",
"* \"Japanese Buddhist Nuns: Innovators for the Sake of Tradition.\"",
"In Karma Lekshe Tsomo (ed.).",
"''Buddhist Women Across Cultures: Realizations''.",
"New York: State University of New York Press, 1999, 105–122.",
"* \"A Case of Ritual Zen: Gratitude to Ānanda.\"",
"In ''Innovative Buddhist Women: Swimming Against the Stream.''",
"In Tsomo, Karma Lekshe (ed.).",
"Richmond, Surrey: Curzon Press, 2000, 123–129.",
"* \"Japanese Buddhist Nuns’ Ritual of Gratitude and Empowerment.\"",
"In Findley, Ellison (ed.).",
"''Women’s Buddhism, Buddhism’s Women: Tradition, Revision, Renewal''.",
"Boston, Massachusetts: Wisdom Publications, 2000, 119—130.",
"* \"Medicines, Healing, and Spiritualities: A Cross-Cultural Exploration.\"",
"In Barnes, L. and I. Talamantez (eds).",
"''Teaching Religion and Healing.''",
"New York: Oxford University Press, 2006, 207–18.",
"* \"Women and Dōgen: Rituals of Empowerment and Healing.\"",
"In Heine, Steve and Dale Wright (eds.).",
"''Zen Ritual''.",
"New York: Oxford University Press, 2007, pp. 185–204.",
"* \"The Zen of Healing: Making Friends with Chronic Illness\".",
"In Stotzfus, Michael, Rebecca Green, and Darla Schumm (eds.).",
"C''hronic Illness, Spirituality, and Healing: Diverse Disciplinary Cultural Perspectives''.",
"New York: Palgrave Macmillan Press, 2013.",
"* \"Healing Zen: The Brain on Bowing.\"",
"in Vargas-O’Bryan, Ivette and Zhou Xun (eds.).",
"''Disease, Religion and Healing in Asia: Collaborations and Collisions''.",
"New York: Routledge Publications, 2014, 155–169.",
"* \"Mother Kannon: Womb of Compassion.” In Boucher, Sandra (ed.).",
"''She Appears: Encounters with Kwan Yin Goddess of Compassion''.",
"Las Vegas, Nevada: Goddess Ink, 2015, 87–89.",
"* \"The Zen of Rags\" In Heine, Steven and Pamela Winfield, (eds.)",
"''Zen and Material Culture''.",
"New York: Oxford University Press, 2017, pp. 229–256.",
"* \"Healing Wisdom: An Appreciation of a Japanese Scientist's Paintings of the Heart Sūtra\".",
"In Salguero, Pierce (ed.).",
"''Buddhism and Medicine: An Anthology of Modern and Contemporary Sources.''",
"New York: Columbia University Press, 2019, pp. 100–107.",
"* \"Japanese Buddhist Women's 'Way of Healing.'\"",
"In Salguero, Pierce (ed.).",
"''Buddhism and Medicine: An Anthology of Modern and Contemporary Sources''.",
"New York: Columbia University Press, 2019, pp.",
"310–316."
],
[
"Notes"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"Works cited",
"* * * Tsomo, Karma Lekshe.",
"(2021).",
"\"Paula Kane Robinson Arai: Navigating Cultural Intimacy and Scholarly Authority\".",
"In ''Challenging Bias against Women Academics in Religion;'' Colleen Hartung, ed.",
"Chicago: Atla Open Press, pp. 177–208..",
".",
"Retrieved 31 January 2024."
],
[
"External links",
"* Paula Arai's CV"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Wayne Brittenden"
],
[
"Introduction",
" '''Wayne Marsden Brittenden''' is a New Zealand journalist, author, historian, and documentary film-maker.",
"He worked as a political journalist for the British Broadcasting Corporation, as a correspondent for Radio New Zealand, and a writer for various local publications.",
"He is the owner of the The Political Compass website."
],
[
"Early life",
"Wayne Brittenden, born in the 1940s, is the son of Cedric Hugh Brittenden and Eila Marsdon Brittenden ''(née'' Brown).",
"At 19 years of age his father began managing The Roxy Theatre on Princes Street, Dunedin in 1930.Cedric managed the TET Kings Theatre, a cinema in Stratford, in the early 1940s.",
"Cedric enlisted in the New Zealand Expeditionary Force around 1942 and resided in Christchurch.",
"Cerdic continued to work as theatre manager for the Kerridge Odeon Corporation.As a child, Wayne used his bike to ride around Gisborne after school, and would also change movie posters for theatres his father managed.",
"Wayne used any discarded posters to make kites or cut into scrap paper.",
"He later recalled an incident where an elderly woman, holding a biblical pamphlet, would discourage people from entering his father's theatre due to the religious belief that cinemas were the work of the devil.During the day at the theatre, Brittenden strategically planned promotions to attract audiences, aiming to divert crowds from the competing Amalgamated Theatres' chain.",
"On six evenings a week, in addition to hosting a charity screening on Sundays, he would preside over the foyer, dressed in a tuxedo, personally welcoming guests."
],
[
"Career in journalism",
"=== Pace News Limited ===On October 19, 1982, Brittenden incorporated Pace News Limited and assumed the position of director.",
"The company, a New Zealand limited entity headquartered in Saint Heliers, Auckland, is categorized under Internet publishing and broadcasting.",
"As of 2023, the company remains incorporated.=== Radio New Zealand ===In 1978, he was a correspondent in Tokyo, Japan, and reported on the Japanese reaction to an alleged UFO sighting located in Kaikoura, New Zealand, dubbed the \"Kaikoura film footage\" and highlighted a local woman who claimed to communicate with UFOs.In September 1985, he was situated in Copenhagen, where he boarded the USS Iowa to interview the commanding officer about the presence of nuclear weapons on the ship and its compliance with Denmark's prohibition on hosting nuclear-armed vessels.Started around December 2001, he wrote articles under \"Counterpoint\" for The Inquirer.",
"Counterpoint transitioned to an audio podcast for RNZ's Sunday Morning series and lasted from 2008 to 2016 according to RNZ's search results.=== British Broadcasting Corporation ===He was a political journalist with the BBC, making at least one contribution to the Sunday Supplement series for The Westminster Hour in the year 2005.The article is titled \"Whatever Happened To Anarchism?",
"\"=== Other publications ===Brittenden penned articles for the Dominion Sunday Times,New Zealand Listener, Heritage New Zealand, New Outlook, and The Dominion Post, and The Christian Science Monitor.",
"He is referred as a movie theatre historian by New Zealand History.=== Consultancy for Auckland Unitarian Church ===In 2001, Brittenden was involved in the \"Denominational Involvement Media Project\" and the \"Social Responsibility and Media Consultancy Project\" for the church.",
"His work includes providing \"valuable\" perspectives from an outsider's viewpoint, influencing the launch style and content of projects like Counterpoint, and contributing to initiatives aimed at promoting Unitarian perspectives in the media.Specifically, Wayne Brittenden is noted for monitoring relevant media daily on behalf of the church, identifying potential opportunities, and developing guidelines to counter public misconceptions about Unitarianism.",
"He also visits congregations at the local level, suggesting ways to raise their profile.",
"In the Social Responsibility and Media Consultancy Project, Wayne Brittenden collaborates with the Information Officer, offering public relations advice on various matters.",
"The church contributes a success of letters sent to the national broadsheet press on issues such as gay rights and the church's opposition to an expansion of state-funded faith schools.",
"Additionally, Brittenden gave personal interview training to several of the church office holders.",
"The 2001 report summarizes the help: \"Wayne has provided useful public relations advice on numerous matters.",
"\"In 2005, he remained as a Media Consultant on a retainer basis.",
"The report speaks positively of the successes made by the media team."
],
[
"Film industry",
"=== Investigative team ===Around December 2008, Britten left New Zealand for the United Kingdom to run an independent investigative documentary team in London's West End.=== Zentropa project ===In 2002, Zentropa Entertainments, a Denmark-based film studio, planned a major production about Scandinavian settlers in New Zealand during the 1870s.",
"Brittenden was hired to write the feature film script in English, focusing on the story of settlers abandoned in the wilderness instead of receiving promised farmland.",
"Zentropa envisions a significant production shot predominantly in New Zealand, featuring both local and Scandinavian actors.",
"Brittenden asked for contributions of anecdotes, diaries, or records related to the settlements in Dannevirke and Norsewood for research.=== New Zealand Eksperimentet ===A Danish documentary film titled \"New Zealand Eksperimentet\" premiered on September 10, 2002.Produced by Hans Kragh-Jacobsen and researched by Wayne Brittenden.",
"The documentary main message is to serve as a cautionary message to the Danish people, warning them against adopting neo-liberal policies similar to those implemented in New Zealand over the past 15 years."
],
[
"The Political Compass",
"=== Background ===According to Pamela O'Connell of the ''New York Times'', Brittenden is responsible for The Political Compass website.",
"The website first appeared on December 20, 2000, and is a copyright under Pace News Limited.",
"As reported by marketer Neil Patel's website traffic checker, as of February 4, 2024, the total estimated traffic the website gets (considering the organic keywords) is 420,000+ visitors per month.Brittenden collaborated with the organization \"One World Action\" in the development of the website, which is led by Glenys Kinnock, a prominent member of the Labour Party and the Party of European Socialists.",
"The site was initially featured on the One World Action's web server.According to information from the One World Action website, the creators of the compass acknowledged their indebtedness to individuals such as Wilhelm Reich and Theodor Adorno for their pioneering contributions to this field.=== Content ===Visitors can engage in a political test to determine their ideological stance, receiving a personalized certificate based on their results.",
"The test prompts users to express agreement or disagreement with 61 propositions on social and political subjects, positioning them on a compass.",
"The east–west axis signifies economic tendencies from left to right, while the north–south axis represents social tendencies ranging from authoritarian to libertarian.The site provides analyses of global political topics, offering counterpoints and speculative content.",
"A reading list is also present to understand various political ideologies.Specific sections dedicated to countries like New Zealand, Latin America, Italy, Australia, France, Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom, USA, and Ireland provide insights into political events and elections.The site also connects to a Buzzsprout podcast titled \"The Political Compass\", hosted by Brittenden himself to discuss various political issues.",
"Brittenden has invited guests such as Harry Vassallo, Jason Stanley, and Robert Dunham."
],
[
"Political views",
"Brittenden is opposed to capital punishment.In December 1986, Wayne Brittenden presented an article titled \"Porn Asunder,\" advocating for a New Zealand perspective on pornography akin to Denmark, where it is legal and generally regarded with indifference.On July 14, 2014, on his Counterpoint podcast, criticized Israel by highlighting the negative press it had received during the 2014 Gaza War.",
"Further stating \"All too often it seems, the victims end imitating the stereotype of their own oppression.",
"\"Is opposed to the CIA's Enhanced interrogation techniques, calling it a \"Horrifying torture techniques on prisoners.",
"\"He supports the Occupy Movement in Hong Kong, calling it an \"unambiguous and genuine public campaign for democracy.",
"\"He is against aspects of the Five Eyes surveillance.",
"Calling it \"Orwellian clock ticking.\"",
"Further stated, It is only justified if its targeted, only deployed when necessary, never carried out without a court with records scrutinized by a public advocate.",
"That individuals should be able to do whatever they want to public, as long it does not violate others privacy rights.He expresses strong criticism of Barack Obama, labeling his approach as \"Illiberal conservatism\" due to his recruitment of former Clinton and Bush staff, as well as his associations with Wall Street bankers.",
"Obama's Nobel Peace Prize is viewed as being primarily based on rhetoric.",
"The critique extends to his handling of drone strikes, pursuit of whistleblowers, expansion of the surveillance state, and the perceived failure of Obamacare to establish a universal healthcare system.",
"Additional criticisms include Obama's limited discussions on race and avoiding certain issues.Brittenden sarcastically remarked \"Its about the freedom to own arms, not encountering a crazed gunman\" regarding the political climate around guns in America.",
"He paraphrased Justice Warren E. Burger's remark: \"The Second Amendment is only to ensure state armies were maintained for defense, special interest groups have defraud the real intention.",
"\"Brittenden believes the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was unjustified as it was a political decision rather than military.Lauded Thomas Paine as an \"extraordinary Englishman\" for championing a range of progressive ideals, including human rights, animal rights, women's rights, the abolition of capital punishment, universal franchise, pensions, minimum wage, and the distribution of wealth.He has commented Donald Trump is a \"Bull in the China shop\" regarding his personality in politics.Brittenden is critical of neoliberalism, particularly the implementation of Rogernomics.",
"Furthermore, he critiques the global trend of neoliberal policies, mentioning terms like \"best value\" and Margaret Thatcher's \"There is no alternative\" (TINA) being applied in various European welfare states.",
"Additionally, he believes that important works such as universal healthcare, job security and state pensions are being curtailed."
],
[
"Personal life",
"In his review for Scoop Review of Books, Chris Bourke depicts Wayne Brittenden's 2008 book \"Celluloid Circus\" as a well-informed and anecdotal work reflecting Brittenden's deep connection to the film industry.",
"The review summarizes it as an enthusiastic effort to preserve memories from New Zealand's golden era of cinemas, resulting in a nostalgic endeavor.Reverend Clay Nelson of the Auckland Unitarian Church claims to be a friend of Britteden.As of 2015, Brittenden currently spends his time between New Zealand and London.While in Copenhagen, Brittenden came across a plaque commemorating Denmark Queen's visit to Dannevirke, New Zealand, in an exhibition.",
"Convinced of its significance, he believed it should be relocated to Dannevirke.",
"He approached the Dannevirke district council, encouraging them to acquire it.",
"Along with contributions from the Scandinavian Society and local residents, the district council purchased the plaque for $1200.Subsequently, in 1988, Brittenden personally brought the plaque to Dannevirke Gallery of History and presented it to district manager Glen Innes."
],
[
"Bibliography",
"The Celluloid Circus: The Heyday of the New Zealand Picture Theatre (2008) - Godwit Press in Auckland."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Job (radio play)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Job''''' is a 1939 Australian radio play by Edmund Barclay performed on the Australian Broadcasting Commission.",
"It is an adaptation of the Book of Job.",
"It was one of a series of adaptations Barclay did on older works - others included ''Pilgrim's Progress'', ''Crime and Punishment'', ''The Idiot'' and ''The Wild Ass's Skin''.",
"The production was much acclaimed; Leslie Rees felt ''Job'' was among Barclay's finest adaptations.",
"He had earlier called the play \"an eloquent and powerful piece of work.",
"No doubt it will frighten the Woolacotts off the National wavelengths, but the sort of listener who enjoyed ''The Fire on the Snow'' — and they are legion - will appreciate the pathos, dignity and great human triumph of this drama.\"",
"The play was produced again in 1941."
],
[
"Premise",
"\"The drama of Job opens with a prologue in the mouth of a narrator, and then passes to a council held inHeaven.",
"Enters Satan, and Jehovah specially questions Trim concerning Job, the pattern of men Satan is given permission to put Job to the trial of adversity, and so the drama moves to the climax where Jehovah answers Job from out of the whirlwind.",
"Says a great scholar: It (the story of Job) is eternal, illimitable.",
"Its scope is the relation between God and' man.",
"It is a vast liberation, a great gaol-delivery of the spirit of man; nay, rather a great acquittal.\""
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Quota (novel)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Quota''''' (2014) is a crime novel by Australian writer Jock Serong.",
"It was originally published by Text Publishing in Australia in 2014."
],
[
"Synopsis",
"Charlie Jardim's career as a criminal lawyer in Melbourne is in trouble after a major outburst in court.",
"In order to leave this behind him he accepts a prosecution brief from a friend for a case in the rmeote Victorian town of Dauphin.",
"The victim, Matthew Lanegan, was caught up in the illegal abalone trade, and as Jardim digs into the case he sees the town close up against him."
],
[
"Publishing history",
"After its initial publication in Australia by Text Publishing in 2014, the novel was reprinted by Text in 2016.The novel was also translated into German in 2018."
],
[
"Critical reception",
"Carody Culber, for ''Kill Your Darlings'' noted: \"Of course, there’s nothing new about the tropes of small-town secrets and witnesses who don't talk, but Serong uses a pretty classic crime set-up to create a deft exploration of community politics and how they intersect with family loyalties and the law.",
"''Quota'' has some striking scenes that are delivered with an assured combination of droll wit and elegant prose: physically as well as emotionally displaced, Charlie sees Dauphin as a 'land arranged in a code he couldn't decipher.",
"He had left the language of his world behind and this place would offer him no translation, merely reflecting his troubles blankly back at him'.\""
],
[
"Awards",
"* Ned Kelly Award Best First Novel, 2015 winner"
],
[
"See also",
"* 2014 in Australian literature"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Sab Club"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Sab Club''' is a private final club at Harvard University.",
"After voting to adopt a gender-neutral membership policy in September 2016, the Sab Club became the second Harvard final club to admit members regardless of gender.",
"The clubhouse is located at 1130 Massachusetts Avenue in Cambridge, Massachusetts.",
"The club's mascot is a griffin.The Sab Club's Clubhouse at 1130 Massachusetts Avenue in Cambridge, MA."
],
[
"History",
"The club was originally founded as the Sablière Society.",
"After adopting a gender-netural membership policy in 2016, the club officially changed its name to The Sab Club."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Perry L. Miles"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Perry L. Miles''' (October 15, 1873 – October 17, 1961) was a career officer in the United States Army.",
"A veteran of the Spanish–American War, Philippine–American War, Pancho Villa Expedition, and World War I, he attained the rank of brigadier general, and his awards and decorations included the Distinguished Service Cross, Army Distinguished Service Medal, Silver Star, and Purple Heart from the United States, as well as the French Legion of Honor (Officer) and Croix de Guerre with Palm.A native of Westerville, Ohio, Miles was raised and educated in Columbus, and was an 1891 graduate of Columbus High School.",
"He then attended the United States Military Academy (West Point), from which he graduated in 1895 as a second lieutenant of Infantry.",
"Miles served in the Philippines during the Spanish–American War, Philippine–American War, and China Relief Expedition.",
"As his career advanced, he served both in the United States and the Philippines, and was a 1915 graduate of the Army Service Schools and a 1916 graduate of the Army School of the Line at Fort Leavenworth.",
"In the period immediately preceding World War I, he served at Camp Harry J. Jones, Arizona as his regiment patrolled the U.S. border with Mexico during the Pancho Villa Expedition.During the First World War, Miles commanded the 371st Infantry Regiment, a unit of the African-American 93rd Division, which he led during combat in France.",
"After the war, he graduated from the United States Army Command and General Staff College (1920) and United States Army War College (1921).",
"His later assignments included command of the 16th Infantry Brigade (now the United States Army Military District of Washington), and the 1st Infantry Division.",
"Miles retired in 1937.In retirement, Miles lived in Staunton, Virginia, where he authored a memoir and participated in numerous civilian activities that supported the U.S. effort in World War II.",
"He died in Washington, D.C. on October 17, 1961, and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery."
],
[
"Early life",
"''Cincinnati Tribune'', June 3, 1894Perry Lester Miles was born in Westerville, Ohio on October 15, 1873, the son of Judge James Alexander Miles and Mary Esther (Longwell) Miles.",
"His family soon relocated to Columbus, Ohio, where Miles was raised and educated.",
"He graduated from Central High School in 1891 and was appointed to the United States Military Academy by Congressman Joseph H. Outhwaite.",
"Miles graduated in 1895 ranked 23rd of 52 and received his commission as a second lieutenant of Infantry.",
"Among his classmates who later attained general officer rank were Casper H. Conrad Jr., Adrian Sebastian Fleming, and Thomas Walter Darrah."
],
[
"Start of career",
"After receiving his commission, Miles was assigned to the 14th Infantry Regiment at Vancouver Barracks, Washington.",
"He was promoted to first lieutenant in April 1898, and in May 1898 was mobilized for Spanish–American War in the Philippines.",
"Miles took part in combat in and around Manila as commander of the 14th Infantry's Company M, including the August 1898 Battle of Manila.",
"He continued to serve in the area around Manila, and took part in 1899 Philippine–American War engagements against Filipino insurgents.In October 1899, he received promotion to temporary captain of United States Volunteers.",
"From 1900 to 1901, he performed quartermaster duties aboard the Army Transport Service troop carriers ''Warren'' and ''Sheridan'', and made numerous month-long trips between Manila and San Francisco.",
"Upon arriving in San Francisco in the summer of 1900, he was informed that the 14th Infantry had been dispatched to China as part of the China Relief Expedition, the U.S. response to the Boxer Rebellion.",
"As a member of ''Warren's'' crew, he then traveled to China, where he assisted in organizing the 14th Infantry for departure from China and transport to the Philippines.",
"In February 1901, Miles was promoted to permanent captain.",
"He performed transport duty until December 1901, after which he joined the 14th Infantry at Fort Niagara, New York, where he resumed command of Company M.In February 1903, the 14th Infantry began a two-year tour in the Philippines, and Miles' company was based on the island of Samar.",
"In 1905 the 14th Infantry left the Philippines and was assigned to Vancouver Barracks.",
"From 1905 to 1906, he commanded his company at the Presidio of San Francisco.",
"In 1907, he was assigned as assistant professor of military science and tactics at Girard College in Philadelphia.",
"While assigned to Girard, Miles attended classes at the University of Pennsylvania Law School."
],
[
"Continued career",
"Miles resumed command of Company M at Fort William Henry Harrison, Montana In February 1910.In September 1910, he was assigned as the regimental adjutant.",
"From December 1912 to January 1913, he commanded his company at Fort Lawton, Washington.",
"From January 1913 to August 1915, he was a student at the Fort Leavenworth, Kansas Army Service Schools.",
"From 1915 to 1916, Miles attended the Army School of the Line at Fort Leavenworth, and he completed the course as a Distinguished Graduate.",
"In May 1916, Miles rejoined his regiment at Camp Harry J. Jones, Arizona as it patrolled the U.S. border with Mexico during the Pancho Villa Expedition.",
"He remained in this position until October 1916, and was promoted to major in July 1916.From October 1916 to January 1917, Miles served with the 14th Infantry at Yuma, Arizona.",
"From January to May 1917, he performed temporary duty with the Department of the Lakes in Chicago as inspector of National Guard units and armories in several midwestern states.",
"From January to May 1917, he was posted to Ancón, Panama as intelligence officer (S-2) of the 5th Infantry Regiment.With the army expanding for World War I, in August 1917, Miles was promoted to temporary colonel and assigned to Camp Jackson, South Carolina as commander of the 371st Infantry Regiment, a unit of the African-American 93rd Division.",
"Upon arrival in France, Miles' regiment was assigned to the French 157th Infantry Division, which he led during several campaigns and battles.",
"He returned to the United States in February 1919, and was executive officer of the 156th Depot Brigade as it carried out post-war demobilization of army units at Camp Jackson.",
"From March to July 1919, he served in the War Plans Division on the staff of the War Department, and he was reduced in rank to temporary lieutenant colonel in July 1919, which was made permanent in August.",
"In August 1919, he became a student at the United States Army Command and General Staff College, from which he graduated in June 1920."
],
[
"Later career",
"Col. & Mrs. Perry L. Miles, March 14, 1924.National Photo Company Collection, Library of Congress.In July 1920, Miles was promoted to permanent colonel, and in August he began attendance at the United States Army War College.",
"He graduated in July 1921, after which he joined the faculty at the Fort Leavenworth General Service Schools.",
"In 1921, he married Mary Latta Stott, the daughter of Colonel William Wells Stott.",
"They had no children and were married until her death in 1949.From July 1923 to July 1925, he served on the staff of the Militia Bureau.",
"He was then assigned to Fort Sheridan, Illinois, where he assumed command of the 2nd Infantry Regiment.In August 1928, Miles was assigned to the University of California, Los Angeles as professor of military science and tactics.",
"In 1932, he was promoted to brigadier general and assigned to command the 16th Infantry Brigade (now the United States Army Military District of Washington).",
"While in this post, Miles was in command of the troops that were called to carry out the July 1932 dispersal by force of the Bonus Army.",
"In April 1936, he was assigned to Fort Ontario, Ontario as commander of the 2nd Infantry Brigade, a unit of the 1st Infantry Division.",
"At the same time, Miles also commanded the Northern Division of the Civilian Conservation Corps.From January to October 1936, Miles commanded 1st Brigade, 78th Infantry Division at Fort Hamilton, New York.",
"The 78th Division was a unit of the Organized Reserve Corps, and while commanding 1st Brigade, Miles simultaneously commanded the ORC's 78th Division, 77th Infantry Division, and 98th Infantry Division.",
"From October 1936 to October 1937, Miles commanded the 1st Infantry Division at Fort Hamilton.",
"In October 1937, Miles left the army as the result of attaining the mandatory retirement age of 64."
],
[
"Retirement and death",
"In retirement, Miles resided first in Staunton, Virginia, and later in Johnstown, Ohio.",
"During World War II, he participated in support efforts on the home front, including service as chairman of the Shenandoah Valley Regional Defense Council, the Staunton and Augusta County War Finance Committee and the Staunton Salvage Committee.",
"Miles also authored a memoir, 1961's ''Fallen Leaves''.",
"His civic and professional memberships included the American Legion, Military Order of the World Wars, United Spanish War Veterans, and Military Order of the Carabao.MIles died at Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, D.C. on October 17, 1961.He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery."
],
[
"Awards",
"Maj. Gen. John L. Hines, U.S. Army Deputy Chief of Staff, decorates Col. Perry L. Miles (left), with Distinguished Service CrossMiles was a recipient of the Silver Star and Purple Heart, as well as the Spanish Campaign Medal, Philippine Campaign Medal and World War I Victory Medal.",
"In addition, he received the French Legion of Honor (Officer) and Croix de Guerre with Palm.In 1919, Miles received the Army Distinguished Service Medal in acknowledgement of his World War I accomplishments.",
"In 1924, he received the Distinguished Service Cross in recognition of his February 1899 heroism while serving in the Philippines.===Distinguished Service Cross citation===The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress, July 9, 1918, takes pleasure in presenting the Distinguished Service Cross to First Lieutenant (Infantry) Perry Lester Miles, United States Army, for extraordinary heroism while serving with 14th Infantry, in action near Manila, Philippine Islands, 5 February 1899.During the attack by two companies of the 14th Infantry on blockhouse No.",
"14 and adjacent trenches strongly held by insurgent forces, when the commanding officer was mortally wounded, the advance was checked and the troops were partially demoralized in the face of a heavy concentrated fire from the front and both flanks, Lieutenant Miles assumed command, ordered the advance to continue, and went along the line with utter disregard of the hostile fire and urged his men forward.",
"Then, with exceptional gallantry and the highest qualities of leadership, he dashed forward, many yards ahead of his men, calling on them to follow, and drove the enemy from their position.",
"His splendid example of personal heroism, courage, and coolness furnished the needed inspiration to the wavering command and resulted in the successful accomplishment of a seemingly impossible attack.",
"'''Orders:''' War Department, General Orders No.",
"10 (1924)===Army Distinguished Service Medal citation===For exceptionally meritorious and distinguished services.",
"As commander of the 371st Infantry, which, during its active operations, was attached to French forces, he conducted his regiment with conspicuous success.",
"By his admirable tact and sound judgment he maintained at all times harmonious relationship with the allied forces to which his unit was assigned, rendering valuable services to the American Expeditionary Forces.",
"'''Orders:''' War Department, General Orders No.",
"89 (1919)"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"**"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Jill Higginson"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Jill Startzell Higginson''' is an American biomechanical engineer and an expert on gait.",
"Her research involves the observation of gait, the contributions of different muscles to gait, and the diagnosis of muscular problems involving gait.",
"She is George W. Laird Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Delaware, and the head of the university's Neuromuscular Biomechanics Lab."
],
[
"Education and career",
"Higginson majored in mechanical engineering at Cornell University, graduating in 1996.After a master's degree in bioengineering from Pennsylvania State University in 1998, she completed a PhD in mechanical engineering at Stanford University in 2005, jointly advised by Felix Zajac and Scott L. Delp.She joined the University of Delaware as an assistant professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering in 2004, and was tenured there in 2010."
],
[
"Recognition",
"Higginson was elected as a Fellow of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering in 2019, \"for contributions to the field of neuromuscular biomechanics of pathological movement, musculoskeletal modeling and simulation, and undergraduate research and education\".",
"She was named as an ASME Fellow in 2021, and as a Fellow of the American Society of Biomechanics in 2023."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Neuromuscular Biomechanics Lab*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"California Theatre (Pittsburg, California)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''California Theatre''' is a historic theatre in Old Town Pittsburg, Callifornia."
],
[
"History",
"Designed by architect Albert W. Cornelius, the California Theatre was built by G.E.",
"Seeno and Columbo at a cost of $200,000.The theatre opened opened on May 4, 1920, as a venue for live vaudeville performances and silent films.",
"It was owned and operated by local theatre moguls Sylvester and Salvatore Enea.",
"Adults paid $0.25 for entry, while admission for children cost $0.15.During its heyday, notable performers included Flash Gordon and cowboy heroes Ray \"Crash\" Corrigan, Tim Holt, Tex Ritter and Fred Scott.",
"The theatre would often host national touring acts the evening before their opening night in San Francisco.The theatre featured a Leatherby-Smith pipe organ that was originally installed in 1924, and played during silent films and between shows.",
"It was later replaced in November 1928 with Robert Morton style 23N organ, which remained on-site until 1948.The theatre showed its last film in February 1954 before closing.",
"The City of Pittsburg bought the theatre in 1971.Over the years, the building fell into disrepair through years of neglect and sustained heavy water damage.",
"The ceiling subsequently collapsed into the abandoned auditorium.",
"The original marquee was removed in 1975."
],
[
"Restoration",
"In 1994, the City began a major clean up and stabilisation of the deteriorating theater.In 2008, a $7.6 million renovation was undertaken.",
"Restoration artist Beate Bruhl restored the artwork throughout the theatre.",
"Fixtures were fabricated to match historical photographs of the original building.",
"A replica of the 1920 marquee was installed in 2010.The theatre reopened on January 19, 2013.In January 2019, after an absence of 70 years, the 1928 Robert Morton organ was restored.",
"An additional $2 million restoration of the balcony area was completed in 2022.Today, the auditorium features a 981 seat capacity.",
"It hosts theatre productions, concerts, comedy shows, films, dance performances, community events, and is rented for private events."
],
[
"Architecture",
"The theatre was designed in classic revival style, featuring Corinthian columns, sculpted urns and figurative sculptures.",
"It is claimed that the design of the theatre was inspired by the Palais Garnier, albeit on a much smaller, less grand and ornate scale.",
"The theatre was later modernised to incorporate many of the Art Deco features present today.",
"The auditorium features a large art-deco chandelier with a beaux-artes style ceiling decoration and a grand balcony."
],
[
"Productions",
"In July 2023, the City of Pittsburg approved a new three-year agreement for the operation of the theatre.",
"The theatre is currently operated by Anthony Lane-Cotroneo of Entertainment Lane Inc.Recent performances have featured Pete Escovedo, Pasquale Esposito, Taye Diggs, Christopher Titus, John Witherspoon, George Lopez and Sinbad.During the 2024 season, Tony Danza is set to perform his live show, \"Standards & Stories\".=== Pittsburg Theatre Company ===In 2012, the Pittsburg Theatre Company was designated as the resident theatre company of the California Theatre.Now in its 44th season, the Pittsburg Theatre Company continues its annual performances at the California Theatre.",
"Productions have included ''Steel Magnolias'', ''Fiddler on the Roof'', ''The Addams Family'' and ''It Shoulda Been You''."
],
[
"Gallery",
"File:California Theatre - panoramio.jpgFile:California Theatre - panoramio (1).jpg"
],
[
"See also",
"* List of theatres in California* Pittsburg, California"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* California Theatre Official Website* California Theatre on Facebook* California Theatre Plaque* Pittsburg Theatre Company Official Website* Pittsburg Theatre Company on YouTube"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Ben F. Goldman Sr."
],
[
"Introduction",
"The title of this entry is incorrect.",
"It should be \"Ben M.",
"Goldman.",
"\"'''Ben M. Goldman''' (1883–1952) was a Los Angeles attorney.",
"He was lead counsel for the defense in the famous Charlie Chaplin right of publicity case, ''Chaplin v. Amador'', in which Chaplin sought relief against an imitator calling himself \"Charlie Aplin.\"",
"Goldman aggressively cross-examined Chaplin, drawing frequent objections from Chaplin's attorneys Making the point that even copyrights and patents only confer temporary legal protection, not protection in perpetuity, Goldman argued: \"Even the inventions of the nation's geniuses are given protection with the understanding that at the expiration of a limited number of years their discoveries will become public property to be used for the benefit of all.\"",
"After the decision largely favoring Chaplin, Goldman vowed that his client would give up the name \"Charlie Aplin,\" but would otherwise continue producing films as before, without changing his look.He also represented controversial evangelist Aimee Semple McPherson, one of the most famous celebrities in the United States in the 1920s.In 1932 he won a judgment of $2,137,500 for a New York real estate broker against the Rio Grande Oil Company for stock manipulation, which was then one of the largest legal judgments ever recorded in the United States.In other matters that were covered by the press, in 1931 he sued actress Florence Eldridge, the wife of actor Fredric March, in a personal injury case arising from an auto accident; and in 1934 he won a $15,000 judgment for alienation of affections in a case against wealthy aviation magnate and Olympics yachtsman Frederick Conant."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Jinn in horror films"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Jinn frequently feature as element of horror in Middle Eastern movies.",
"Jinn are popular in the horror genre since 2004.Many of these films were produced in Turkey, Iranian movies similarly utilize jinn as an element of Horror.",
"The trope often revolves around social conflicts and magical beliefs."
],
[
"Depictions",
"According to the Quran, God created entities beyond human's perception, including angels, Satan, and jinn.",
"Since jinn are mentioned in the Quran, many Muslims take their existence for granted.",
"As depicted in the Quran, the jinn are portrayed as created by God.",
"The jinn can be good and evil, they are mortal and procreate their kind, and will go either to heaven or hell after death.",
"However, the Quran describes the jinn only rudimentary, assuming the audience is familar with the concept.",
"Many beliefs about jinn predate Islam, thus, depictions of jinn in movies often combine elements of both Islamic beliefs and pre-Islamic oral culture.",
"In the world of Islamic horror, the jinn are usually inactive inhabitants of the earth until summoned by a sorcerer.",
"It is this moral transgression that invites the jinn to the life of the people in the movie.",
"Although they often act under command of a sorcerer or witch, in line with Islamic teachings, they do not know the unseen and can only operate in the mortal realm.",
"This is further reflected on that the trope of jinn revolves around social transgressions than dealing with metaphysical evil, the latter more prominent in movies about Satan (''šayṭān'').",
"Although the jinn, often summoned by pre-Islamic rituals or sorcery, appear to pose a challenge to Islam, the films assure that Islamic law protects Muslims from their presence.",
"In the end, it is usually the one who summoned them in the first place who gets punished or suffers from the presence of jinn."
],
[
"Movies",
"''Büyü'' (2004) is generally accepted as the first Islamic horror dealing with the concept of jinn as religious evil.",
"However, 2006 marks the real start of the Turkish horror genre.",
"Since then, jinn have become the favorite choice of monster.",
"''Haunted'' (2007) is about a jinni who felt in love with a girl and killed a man who wanted to marry her.",
"In Dabbe 5: Zehr-i Cin (2014), the protagonist is haunted by a tribe of jinn, because of black magic.",
"The plot evolves around the values of modern life and exploitation of the poor.Similarly, jinn appear in Iranian horror movies despite a belittling of the popular understanding of jinn by an increasing number of Islamic fundamentalistic reformists.",
"In the post-Iranian revolution psychological horror movie ''Under the Shadow'' the protagonist is afraid the jinn, who are completely veiled and concealed, and intrude into her life frequently.",
"In the end, she is forced by the Iranian guards to take on a Chador, and thus becomes like the jinn she feared.",
"The jinn symbolize the Islamic regime and their intrusion into private life, criticises the Islamic regime and patriarchal structures."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"James Boyle (diplomat)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''James Boyle''' (c. 1854June 12, 1939) was an American diplomat, private secretary to Ohio governor and U.S. president William McKinley, and an author.",
"He served as a U.S. consul in Liverpool, England.",
"He began his career as a stenographer, reporter, and editor at newspapers.He said McKinley blamed Theodore Roosevelt for forcing McKinley into war with Spain.He wrote about Liverpool's activity as a port and issues such as dredging.",
"He also documented a cotton cargo fire and complaints about how bales of cotton were covered shipments from the U.S.",
"He also wrote a report on the timber trade to Liverpool.He had five sons and a daughter."
],
[
"Writings",
"*\"What is Socialism?",
"; An Exposition and Criticism\" The Skaespeare Press New York City 1912*''Life of William McKinley, President of the United States'', co-author with Robert Porter*\"The Initiative And Referendum : Its Folly, Fallacies, and Failure\", A H Smythe, Columbus, Ohio (1912)"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Mary T. Jeffries"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Mary Thomas Jeffries'''Mary T. Jeffries''' (1863–1930) was an American temperance advocate and newspaper editor.",
"For 12 years, she served as President of the Alabama Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU).",
"From 1927 to 1928, she was an appointive member of the Alabama State Board of Education under Alabama Governor, Bibb Graves."
],
[
"Biography",
"Mary (nickname, \"Mamie\") Thomas was born at Clinton, Alabama, December 22, 1863.Her parents were George Lane Thomas (b.",
"1831) and Mary C. (McMillian) Thomas (1838–1866).She was educated in the public schools of Birmingham.",
"In 1884, she married Walter Henry Jeffries (b.",
"1862), of Canton, Mississippi, and removed to Birmingham, where her husband was connected with the ''Birmingham Age Herald''.Jeffries joined the WCTU in 1887, and since that time has been an active worker in Alabama, serving in many official positions in the local and State organizations.",
"She was State corresponding secretary, 1894–1903; and president, 1903–06, resigning in the latter year after the State Prohibition campaign.",
"She then served for five years as vice-president, after which she was again made president (1917).",
"She was, also, for eight years, editor of the ''Alabama White Ribbon''.",
"During the time she was not in office in the State Union, she served as president of the Birmingham central organization, and took the lead in all the Prohibition campaigns in that city.Mary T. Jeffries died in Birmingham on September 3, 1930; burial was in that city's Oak Hill Cemetery."
],
[
"Notes"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Holly Waddington"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Holly Waddington''' is a British costume designer.",
"She is nominated for an Academy Award at the 96th Academy Awards, in the category Best Costume Design, for the film ''Poor Things''."
],
[
"Education",
"Waddington has a degree in Fine Art from Oxford University's Ruskin School of Art."
],
[
"Filmography",
"===Costume designer===* ''Ginger & Rosa'' (2012)* ''Departure'' (2015)* ''Lady Macbeth'' (2016)* ''Poor Things'' (2023)====Assistant costume designer====* ''Happy-Go-Lucky'' (2008)* ''The Other Man'' (2008)* ''Glorious 39'' (2009)* ''Another Year'' (2010)* ''War Horse'' (2011)* ''Lincoln'' (2012)* ''The Man from U.N.C.L.E.''",
"(2015)===Other===* ''Atonement'' (2007) (unknown)* ''Clash of the Titans'' (2010) (\"other\")* ''1st Night'' (2010) (Costume Design Assistant)* ''Jack the Giant Slayer'' (2013) (key costumer)* ''The Two Faces of January'' (2014) (costumer)"
],
[
"Selected plays",
"* ''Beware of Pity'' (2015), a co-production with the Schaubühne and Complicité"
],
[
"Selected awards",
"* 2017: Best Costume Design, British Independent Film Awards, for ''Lady Macbeth''* 2023: Best Costume Design, Chicago Film Critics Association Awards, for ''Poor Things''* 2023: Best Costumes, Las Vegas Film Critics Society Awards, for ''Poor Things''* 2024: Best Costume Design, Astra Awards, for ''Poor Things''* 2024: Costume Designer, Variety Artisans Award, Santa Barbara International Film Festival, for ''Poor Things''* 2024: Best Costume Design, British Academy Film Awards, for ''Poor Things''"
],
[
"Selected nominations",
"* 2007: Finalist for the Linbury Prizehttps://www.schaubuehne.de/en/people/holly-waddington.html* 2018: Technical Achievement, for costumes, London Film Critics Circle Awards, for ''Lady Macbeth''* 2023: Best Costume Design, St. Louis Film Critics Association Awards, for ''Poor Things'' (she was runner-up)* 2023: Best Costume Design, San Diego Film Critics Society Awards for ''Poor Things'' (she was nominated along with Vincent Dumas and Zsuzsa Stenger; they were runner-up)* 2024: Best Costume Design, Critics' Choice Movie Awards, for ''Poor Things''* 2024: Best Costume Design, Seattle Film Critics Society Awards, for ''Poor Things''"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Deryck Monteith"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Jack Deryck Erle Monteith''' (24 August 1922 — 26 June 1992) was an Irish rugby union international."
],
[
"Career",
"Monteith, a centre, played his rugby for Malone, Queen's University and Ulster.Capped three times by Ireland in the 1947 Five Nations Championship, Monteith debuted in a win over England at Lansdowne Road, then led the team for the next two fixtures, after incumbent captain Con Murphy was dropped from the side.",
"These remained his only Ireland caps."
],
[
"Personal life",
"Eldest son of a Ballymoney dentist, Monteith had one brother and four sisters.",
"He was a close friend in his later years of athlete Mary Peters."
],
[
"See also",
"*List of Ireland national rugby union players"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Miguel Grau Avenue (Barranco)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Admiral Miguel Grau Avenue''' (), formerly known as '''José María Eguren''' until 1956 and as '''Mendiburu''' prior to that, is a major avenue that crosses vertically through central Barranco District in Lima, Peru.",
"It is the district's main commercial route, with a total span of 16 blocks."
],
[
"Overview",
"Part of the district's historic centre, it starts at its intersection with the Panamericana Sur and continues until it reaches Reducto Bridge (located above Armendariz road), which joins Barranco with the district of Miraflores.",
"Since 2019, the avenue runs from north to south from its intersection with the jirón Centenario.The avenue houses buildings such as the Museum of Contemporary Art of Lima, located on its first blocks and founded in 2013.It also crosses through the city's municipal park."
],
[
"Gallery",
"Museo de Arte Contemporáneo en Lima.jpg|The Museum of Contemporary ArtAv.",
"Grau 716, Barranco 04.jpg|House at the corner with San Antonio streetAVENIDA SÁENZ PEÑA CUADRA 3.jpg|Intersection with Sáenz Peña street2017 Lima - Casa en el 812 la avenida Almirante Grau, Barranco.jpg|Ditto"
],
[
"See also",
"*Barranco District"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"List of Surinamese flags"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The Following is a list of flags present in Suriname."
],
[
"National Flag",
"FlagDateUseDescription 150px 1975-Today Flag of Suriname A horizontal triband of green (top and bottom) and red (double width) with large white border with the large yellow five-pointed star centered on the red band.",
"150px 1975-Today Flag of Suriname (Vertical)"
],
[
"Government Flag",
"FlagDateUseDescription 150px 1975-Today Presidential Flag of Suriname A horizontal triband of green (top and bottom) and red (double width) with large white border with the coat of arms centered on the red band.",
"150px 1975-1988 Flag of the Prime Minister of Suriname A white field with a golden border and the coat of arms in the center."
],
[
"Military Flag",
"FlagDateUseDescription 150px 1975-Today Flag of The People's Armed Forces of Suriname a horizontal tricolour of blue, red and blue with the large yellow five-pointed star centered on the red band."
],
[
"Proposed Flags",
"FlagDateUseDescription 150px 1848 Proposed Flag of Dutch Suriname The Dutch tricolour with the coat of arms in the center.",
"150px 1975 Proposed Flag of Suriname a red field with a green border and a white bordered red cross with 4 black 5-pointed stars.",
"150px 1975 Proposed Flag of Suriname a green field with a red triangle with a yellow 5-pointed star centered on a green diamond in the center.",
"150px 1975 Proposed Flag of Suriname a green field with a red triangle with a yellow 5-pointed star in the center.",
"150px 1975 Proposed Flag of Suriname A horizontal triband of green (top and bottom) and red (double width) with large white border with the large black five-pointed star centered on a white disc centered on the red band.",
"150px 1975 Proposed Flag of Suriname A horizontal triband of green (top and bottom) and red (double width) with large yellow border with the coat of arms centered on the red band."
],
[
"Historical Flags",
"===Spanish Rule===FlagDateUseDescription 150px 1593-1629 Flag of Habsburg Spain A red saltire resembling two crossed, roughly-pruned (knotted) branches, on a white field.Royal Flag 150px 1593-1629 Royal Flag of Philip II of Spain A red field with the royal coat of arms in the center.===British Rule===FlagDateUseDescription 150px 1650-1651 Flag of the Commonwealth of England St George's Cross and an Irish Harp juxtaposed.",
"150px 1651-1658 Flag of the Commonwealth of England St George's Cross and St Andrew's cross quartered.",
"150px 1658-1660 Flag of The Protectorate The 1606 Union Jack defaced with an Irish Harp.",
"150px 1660-16671667-1668 Flag of the Kingdom of England a red cross on a white field.",
"150px 1799-1801 Flag of the Kingdom of Great Britain First version of the Union Jack used in England from 1606 and Scotland from 1707 – the Flags of England and Scotland superimposed.",
"150px 1801-18021804-1816 flag of the United Kingdom A superimposition of the flags of England and Scotland with the Saint Patrick's Saltire (representing Ireland).Lord Protector's Flag 150px 1653-1659 Standard of the Lord Protector The cross of St. George quartered with the cross of St. Andrew and the Irish Harp, and surmounted by an escutcheon with Cromwell's personal coat of arms.Royal Flags 150px 1660-16671667-1668 Royal Standard of the House of Stuart A banner of the Royal Coat of Arms of James I, first and fourth quarters representing England and the English claim to the French throne, second quarter representing Scotland, third quarter representing Ireland (This is the first time that Ireland has been represented on the Royal Standard).",
"150px 1799-1801 Royal Standard of Great Britain under the House of Hanover A banner of the Royal Coat of Arms of Great Britain, first quarter representing England and Scotland, second quarter representing the British claim to the French throne, third quarter representing Ireland, fourth quarter representing the Electorate of Hanover.",
"150px 1801-18021804-1816 Royal Standard of the United Kingdom A banner of the Royal Arms from the creation of the United Kingdom on 1 January 1801; first and fourth quarters for England and Wales, second Scotland, third Ireland, with an inescutcheon for the Electorate of Hanover.===French Rule===FlagDateUseDescription 150px 1795-17991802-1804 Flag of the French First Republic a vertical tricolour of blue, white and red.Netherlands under French Rule 150px 1795-17991802-1804 Flag of the Batavian Republic A horizontal triband of red, white and blue with the Republic's emblem in the canton.===Dutch Rule===FlagDateUseDescription 150px 16671668-1795 The Prince's Flag A horizontal Tricolour of orange, white and blue.",
"150px 16671668-1796 States Flag A horizontal Tricolour of Red, White and Blue.",
"The blue is a lighter shade than that of the current flag.",
"150px 1816-1975 Flag of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Kingdom of the Netherlands A horizontal Tricolour of Red, White and Blue.Royal Flags 150px 1816–1908 Royal Standard of the Monarch The colours of the flag of the Netherlands with the royal coat of arms (without the mantle).",
"150px 1908–1975 Royal Standard of the Monarch A square orange flag, divided in four quarters by a nassau-blue cross with the small coat of arms of the Kingdom, surmounted by a royal crown and surrounded by the insignia of the Grand Cross of the Order of William.",
"Each quarter shows a bugle-horn which originates in arms of the Principality of Orange.Colonial Flags 150px 1920–1966 Governor's standard of Dutch Guyana National tricolour, with in the red stripe three white balls.",
"150px 1966–1975 Standard of the governor of Suriname A white flag with the flag of the Netherlands striped across both the top and the bottom, and the flag of Suriname in the centre.",
"150px 1959-1975 Flag of Suriname A White Field with 5 five-pointed stars (black, white, brown, red and yellow) in the center."
],
[
"See also",
"* Flag of Suriname* Coat of arms of Suriname"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Stage three tax cuts"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''stage three tax cuts''' are a taxation policy overseen by the Australian Government, scheduled to come into effect in mid-2024.Originally forming the third and last stage of the Turnbull government's personal income tax reforms, stage three was altered in the Morrison government's 2019 budget to include an additional A$90 billion of tax cuts.Stage three has been the subject of significant political discussion and controversy in Australian politics, and has been a significant wedge issue.",
"During the 2022 Australian federal election campaign, the Coalition and Australian Labor Party both stated their full support for retaining stage three, whereas the Australian Greens and several independent MPs argued for its modification or abolition.",
"In January 2024, the Albanese government announced modifications to stage three that reduced the overall cost and gave larger cuts to individuals earning under A$200,000."
],
[
"2018",
"The original suite of tax cuts were legislated by the Turnbull government as the ''Treasury Laws Amendment (Personal Income Tax Plan) Bill 2018''.",
"Stage three is scheduled to take effect on 1 July 2024.All three stages were part of the same legislation, with Treasurer Scott Morrison stating this was done to provide \"certainty\".Following amendments, the final legislation passed the House of Representatives with the support of the Coalition, Bob Katter and independent MP Julia Banks.",
"The bill was opposed by Labor, the Greens and two independents; Cathy McGowan and Andrew Wilkie."
],
[
"2019",
"In the lead-up to the 2019 federal election, Labor made a number of criticisms of stage three.",
"Shadow treasurer Chris Bowen stated in April 2019 that it was \"neither fair nor responsible to lock in billions of dollars of tax giveaways that disproportionately benefit a relative few - and so far into the future”.Following the Morrison government's victory at the federal election, treasurer Josh Frydenberg handed down his budget.",
"In it, the stage three tax cuts were modified to cut taxes by a further A$90 billion.",
"This change brought the total cost of stage three to A$254 billion over the 2024-2034 period.",
"The legislation was passed on 4 July 2019, and was entitled \"Treasury Laws Amendment (Tax Relief so Working Australians Keep More of Their Money)\".",
"Opposition leader Anthony Albanese unsuccessfully proposed amending the name of the bill to \"Treasury Laws Amendment (Tax Relief So Working Australians Keep More of Their Money But Not For a Really Long Time).",
"\"Labor voted for the A$158 billion dollar tax plan in both chambers of parliament, but leader Anthony Albanese stated that they had done so as not to block the earlier stages from benefiting \"working Australians\".",
"In the Senate, the legislation was supported by the Coalition, Labor, Jacqui Lambie and the Centre Alliance, and was opposed by the Greens.",
"Labor unsuccessfully proposed amending the legislation to delay stage three and bring stage two of the tax cuts forward."
],
[
"2020",
"In September 2020, The Australia Institute published a report stating that the majority of the stage two and three cuts would benefit the top 10% of earners."
],
[
"2021",
"In July 2021, the Labor party held a party room meeting where they decided that if they formed government, they would retain stage three."
],
[
"2022",
"After becoming Prime Minister, Anthony Albanese ruled out altering or abolishing stage three.In October 2022, former Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull stated that he did not believe the cuts should be implemented, due to their cost, and that Labor had made a mistake by committing to implement them at the 2022 federal election."
],
[
"2023",
"Independent members of the Australian Parliament advocated for restructuring of stage three, including Dai Le, David Pocock and Monique Ryan."
],
[
"2024",
"In January, the Albanese government announced changes to the stage three tax cuts.",
"The changes mean that individuals earning between A$45,000 to A$150,000 will pay A$804 less tax compared to the previous stage three plan.",
"For those earning over A$200,000, the cut is reduced by half.=== Response to changes ===The Coalition has accused Albanese and the government of lying and breaking an election promise by changing aspects of stage three.",
"Deputy Liberal leader Sussan Ley stated that Labor \"lied about these tax cuts\", and shadow Treasurer Angus Taylor stated that the decision was \"the mother of all broken promises”.",
"Initially, several figures in the Coalition suggested that they would oppose the government's changes.",
"On 23 January, Taylor stated that the Coalition would \"absolutely not\" support any changes to the tax cuts.",
"On 25 January, Ley stated that the Coalition's position was to \"support the existing stage three arrangements\", and opposition leader Peter Dutton stated that the changes were significant enough that the government should hold an election to get a mandate for them.",
"On 26 January, Dutton stated that the Coalition was wanting to \"understand the costings\" before making a decision about supporting the changes.On 6 February 2024, the Coalition announced that they would support the government's amended legislation in Parliament.",
"The legislation passed through the Lower House on 15 February."
],
[
"Public opinion",
"A poll conducted by The Australia Institute in September 2022 found that 41 percent of respondents supported a repeal of the stage three tax cuts, while 22 percent were opposed.",
"After the Albanese government announced changes to the tax cuts in January 2024, a poll by Newspoll found that 62 percent of those surveyed were supportive of the changes."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Lori McCoy-Bell"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Lori McCoy-Bell''' is an American hair stylist.",
"She won a Primetime Emmy Award in the category Outstanding Hairstyling For A Single-Camera Series for her work on the television program ''Westworld''.",
"She also won a British Academy Film Award for the film ''American Hustle''.McCoy-Bell has been a longtime collaborator with film director David O. Russell.",
"In 2024, she is nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Makeup and Hairstyling for the film ''Maestro''."
],
[
"Selected filmography",
"* ''Silver Linings Playbook'' (2012)* ''A Thousand Words'' (2012)* ''American Hustle'' (2013)* ''The House'' (2017)* ''Only the Brave'' (2017)* ''Zeroville'' (2019)* ''El Camino: A Breaking Bad Movie'' (2019)* ''Maestro'' (2023)"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"2023–24 County Antrim Shield"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''2023–24 County Antrim Shield''' was the 135th edition of the County Antrim Shield, a cup competition in Northern Irish football.Larne won the tournament for the 4th time and 4th consecutive season, defeating Glentoran 2–1 in the final."
],
[
"Results",
"===First round======Quarter-finals======Semi-finals======Final==="
],
[
"Notes"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Northern Ireland - List of County Antrim Shield Winners"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Luisa Abel"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Luisa Abel''' is an American make-up artist.",
"She is nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Makeup and Hairstyling for the film ''Oppenheimer''.Abel was born and raised in South America, and first worked as a makeup artist in the United Kingdom."
],
[
"Selected filmography",
"* ''Oppenheimer'' (2023)"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Museum of Contemporary Art of Lima"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Museum of Contemporary Art of Lima''' (, '''MAC Lima''') is an art museum dedicated to contemporary art located in Barranco District, Lima, Peru."
],
[
"History",
"The museum was preceded by the '''Institute of Contemporary Art''' (, '''IAC'''), which was itself inaugurated in 1955 in the former premises of the ''Galería de Lima'' in the jirón Ocoña.",
"Its inauguration was attended by figures such as José Sabogal, Fernando de Szyszlo and others.",
"It later moved to the Casa Mujica in the Calle Belén in 1966.Between 1969 and 1972, it occupied the premises of the Museum of Italian Art, and in 1981, plans began for a contemporary art museum.The museum was formally inaugurated in late January 2013."
],
[
"See also",
"*Peruvian art"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"2024 New Balance Indoor Grand Prix"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''2024 New Balance Indoor Grand Prix''' was the 29th edition of the annual indoor track and field meeting in Boston, Massachusetts.",
"Held on 4 February, it was the third leg of the 2024 World Athletics Indoor Tour Gold series – the highest-level international indoor track and field circuit.The men's under-20 mile was held the day before the rest of the program, on 3 February.",
"In the race, Jojo Jourdon became the 21st American high school student to have run a four-minute mile by running 3:59.87.In the main program, Gabby Thomas, who attended high school and college in Boston, won the 300 metres event.",
"In the 1000 metres, Canadian Marco Arop bested the American field and ran a time of 2:14.74, a Canadian record and the second-fastest indoor performance of all time.",
"Defending 100 metres world champion Noah Lyles set a personal best and meeting record to win the 60 metres in 6.44 secondsdefeating 2022 world 100 m champion Fred Kerley in the process."
],
[
"Results",
"===World Athletics Indoor Tour===+Men's 60m Place Athlete Country Time Points Noah Lyles 6.44 10 Ackeem Blake 6.45 7 Ronnie Baker 6.54 5 4 Fred Kerley 6.55 3 5 Kendal Williams 6.58 6 Abdul Hakim Sani Brown 6.60 7 Brandon Carnes 6.64 8 Josephus Lyles 6.69 +Men's 60m Round 1 Place Athlete Country Time Heat 1 Noah Lyles 6.54 1 2 Fred Kerley 6.57 2 3 Ackeem Blake 6.58 2 4 Ronnie Baker 6.59 1 5 Abdul Hakim Sani Brown 6.60 1 6 Kendal Williams 6.63 2 7 Brandon Carnes 6.65 1 8 Josephus Lyles 6.67 2 9 Miles Lewis 6.71 1 10 J.T.",
"Smith 6.72 2+Men's 1000m Place Athlete Country Time Points Marco Arop 2:14.74 10 Bryce Hoppel 2:16.91 7 Sam Ellis 2:17.10 5 4 Josh Hoey 2:17.23 3 5 Mariano García 2:17.97 6 Ryan Clarke 2:18.35 7 Nathan Green 2:18.56 +Men's 3000m Place Athlete Country Time Points Lamecha Girma 7:29.09 10 Edwin Kurgat 7:39.38 7 Brian Fay 7:40.09 5 4 Ben Flanagan 7:40.19 3 5 Andrew Coscoran 7:40.36 6 Charles Philibert-Thiboutot 7:41.12 7 Maximilian Thorwirth 7:43.15 8 Mahadi Abdi Ali 7:44.21 9 James West 7:50.44 10 8:04.56 Derek Johnson DNF Jack Anstey DNF +Women's 400m Place Athlete Country Time Points Kendall Ellis 52.77 10 Raevyn Rogers 53.00 7 Helena Ponette 53.43 5 4 Lisanne de Witte 53.58 3 5 Junelle Bromfield 53.60 6 Nicole Yeargin 54.29 +Women's 1500m Place Athlete Country Time Points Gudaf Tsegay 3:58.11 10 Birke Haylom 3:58.43 7 Emily Mackay 4:05.04 5 4 Addison Wiley 4:07.32 3 5 Esther Guerrero 4:07.67 6 Dani Jones 4:07.83 7 Lucia Stafford 4:08.36 8 Marta Pérez 4:08.40 9 Nozomi Tanaka 4:08.46 10 Ayal Dagnachew 4:13.15 11 Kaela Edwards 4:13.37 Kate Mitchell DNF Aurora Rynda DNF +Women's 60mH Place Athlete Country Time Points Tia Jones 7.72 10 Tobi Amusan 7.75 7 Devynne Charlton 7.76 5 4 Masai Russell 7.84 3 5 Christina Clemons 7.94 6 Cindy Sember 8.00 7 Megan Tapper 8.02 8 8.06 +Women's Long Jump Place Athlete Country Mark Points Tara Davis-Woodhall 10 Quanesha Burks 7 Ese Brume 5 4 Ruth Usoro 3===Indoor Meeting===+Men's 400m Place Athlete Country Time Vernon Norwood 45.76 Zakithi Nene 46.15 Champion Allison 46.23 4 Trevor Stewart 46.33+Men's 600m Place Athlete Country Time Mark English 1:16.64 1:16.67 1:16.68 4 1:17.03 5 Jake Ulrich 1:17.22 6 1:18.25+Men's 1500m Place Athlete Country Time Hobbs Kessler 3:33.66 Jake Wightman 3:34.06 Craig Engels 3:37.04 4 Sam Prakel 3:37.24 5 3:37.33 6 Ignacio Fontes 3:37.59 7 Kieran Lumb 3:37.75 8 Yohanes Asmare 3:38.35 9 Thomas Keen 3:38.40 10 Samuel Abate 3:39.32 11 Benoît Campion 3:40.01 Mohad Abdikadar DNF Abraham Alvarado DNF Charles Grethen DNF Saúl Ordóñez DNF+Men's 60mH Place Athlete Country Time Grant Holloway 7.35 Trey Cunningham 7.49 Daniel Roberts 7.49 4 Cordell Tinch 7.55 5 Michael Dickson 7.57 6 Lafranz Campbell 7.66 7 Andre Korbmacher 7.67 8 Louis Rollins 7.70+Men's 60mH Round 1 Place Athlete Country Time Heat 1 Grant Holloway 7.37 2 2 Trey Cunningham 7.44 1 3 Daniel Roberts 7.51 1 4 Cordell Tinch 7.60 2 5 Michael Dickson 7.64 2 6 Louis Rollins 7.65 1 7 Lafranz Campbell 7.66 1 8 Andre Korbmacher 7.69 1 9 Giano Roberts 7.70 2 10 Joshua Zeller 7.81 2 11 Orlando Bennett 7.87 1+Men's Long Jump Place Athlete Country Mark Carey McLeod Jacob Fincham-Dukes JuVaughn Harrison 4 LaQuan Nairn 5 Will Williams 6 Jarrion Lawson 7 Rayvon Grey +Women's 60m Place Athlete Country Time Mikiah Brisco 7.10 7.15 Destiny Smith-Barnett 7.16 4 Zoe Hobbs 7.16 5 Kiara Parker 7.18 6 Brianna Selby 7.30 7 Shannon Ray 7.34 8 Kennedy Blackmon 7.40+Women's 60m Round 1 Place Athlete Country Time Heat 1 Zoe Hobbs 7.16 1 2 Destiny Smith-Barnett 7.17 2 3 Kiara Parker 7.18 1 4 Mikiah Brisco 7.18 2 5 7.21 1 6 Brianna Selby 7.35 2 7 Kennedy Blackmon 7.35 2 8 Shannon Ray 7.39 2 9 Briana Williams 9.09 1+Women's 300m Place Athlete Country Time Gabrielle Thomas 35.75 Favour Ofili 35.99 Lynna Irby 36.05+Women's 800m Place Athlete Country Time Samantha Watson 2:01.20 Isabelle Boffey 2:01.53 Allie Wilson 2:01.84 4 Carley Thomas 2:01.96 5 Lorena Martín 2:02.03 6 Olivia Baker 2:02.71 7 2:02.91 8 Ellie Baker 2:03.78 9 Camille Laus 2:06.03 10 Kristie Schoffield 2:06.78 DNF+Women's 3000m Place Athlete Country Time Jessica Hull 8:24.93 Elle Purrier St. Pierre 8:25.25 Melknat Wudu 8:32.34 4 Medina Eisa 8:32.35 5 Senayet Getachew 8:32.49 6 Aynadis Mebratu 8:33.01 7 Melissa Courtney-Bryant 8:37.74 8 Marta García 8:38.34 9 Hannah Nuttall 8:45.61 10 Julie-Anne Staehli 8:51.19 11 Izzy Fry 8:52.15 12 Fantaye Belayneh 8:58.34 13 Aimee Pratt 9:06.81 DNF Isabella Thornton-Bott DNF===Masters Events===+Men's Mile Place Athlete Country Time Edward Baker 4:26.79 Brian McNamara 4:29.24 T.J. Unger 4:29.32+Women's Mile Place Athlete Country Time Jenn Lutz 5:07.65 Sascha Scott 5:10.87 Caryn Gehrke 5:15.92 4 Jennifer St. Jean 5:17.83 5 Sonja Friend-Uhl 5:20.44 6 Catherine O'Connor 5:20.54 Brett Ely DNF===U20 Events===+Men's Mile Place Athlete Country Time Jojo Jourdon 3:59.87 Drew Griffith 4:02.71 Corey Campbell 4:04.10 4 Clay Shively 4:04.55 5 Adam Burlison 4:05.07 6 Owen Powell 4:06.46 7 Steven Hergenrother 4:09.76 8 Patrick Hilby 4:10.10 9 Jack Fenlon 4:10.22 10 Miles Ramer 4:15.34 11 Daniel Simmons 4:18.29 12 Tendai Nyabadza 4:18.55 13 Caolan McFadden 4:25.78 Jaxson Hoey DNF+Women's Mile Place Athlete Country Time Sadie Engelhardt 4:34.45 Allie Zealand 4:37.76 Samantha Humphries 4:39.11 4 Ali Ince 4:39.74 5 Lyla Belshaw 4:42.85 6 Charlotte Bell 4:44.39 7 Hanne Thomsen 4:45.24 8 Abby Cheeseman 4:48.87 9 Isabel Conde Frankenberg 4:54.08 10 Logan St. John 4:55.20 11 Clodagh Gill 5:08.37 DNF"
],
[
"References",
"; Results*"
],
[
"External links",
"* Official meeting recap"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Facing Japan"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Facing Japan: Chinese Politics and Japanese Imperialism, 1931-1937''''' is a non-fiction book by Parks M. Coble, published by Harvard University Press in 1991.The work discusses how the conflicts between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China, in the run-up to the or the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War, affected the way the ROC was run.Akira Iriye stated that the book \"does not necessarily challenge the\" existing historical narrative."
],
[
"Background",
"The author used Chinese and Japanese sources, with more use of the former.",
"Among the Chinese sources, author used ''Zhonghua minguo zhongyao shiliao zhubian'' (\"A First Collection of Important Historical Materials of the Republic of China\") as well as magazines and newspapers.",
"Japanese sources included both primary and secondary ones.",
"The author also used works by Lloyd Eastman as research for this work."
],
[
"Release",
"There is a mainland Chinese translation, ''Zouxiang “zuihou guantou”: Zhongguo minzu guojia goujian zhong de Riben yinsu'' (走向\"最后关头\"——中国民族国家构建中的日本因素), published in 2004 by (Shehui kexue wenxian chuban she).",
"Ma Junya () was the translator.",
"The Chinese version has a different opening section."
],
[
"Reception",
"Iriye stated that overall the book is \"fine\" and he hoped that the book would have addressed the League of Nations.Alan Macfarlane of King's College, University of Cambridge, praised the book for being \"clearly written, balanced and scholarly\"."
],
[
"References",
"* * ===Notes==="
],
[
"Further reading",
"* * *"
],
[
"External links",
"* '' Facing Japan: Chinese Politics and Japanese Imperialism, 1931-1937'' – Brill* '' Facing Japan: Chinese Politics and Japanese Imperialism, 1931-1937'' – JSTOR* '' Facing Japan: Chinese Politics and Japanese Imperialism, 1931-1937'' – Project MUSE* '' Facing Japan: Chinese Politics and Japanese Imperialism, 1931-1937'' – Chinese edition page, Social Sciences Academic Press"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Jana Jones"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Jana Jones''' is an Australian Egyptologist and research fellow in the department of ancient history at Macquarie University.",
"She is an expert on ancient Egyptian textiles.",
"Her research provided evidence that mummification occurred in Prehistoric Egypt through the analysis of Mummy S. 293 from the Museo Egizio in Turin, Italy.She completed a BA degree at Macquarie University, majoring in modern languages.",
"Later, she received an MA and then PhD in Egyptology from Macquarie University."
],
[
"Publications",
"===Articles===*"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Camas–Washougal Fire Department"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Camas–Washougal Fire Department (CWFD)''' is a fire department providing fire protection and emergency medical services (EMS) to both the city of Camas and Washougal, Washington.",
"CWFD is the only fire department in Clark County to have dedicated EMS instead of using AMR."
],
[
"Fire department merger",
"In 2013 the city governments of Camas and Washougal agreed to combine their two fire departments into one to eliminate unnecessary coasts, devise more effective fire prevention techniques, improve training, lower response time, and generally improve emergency services.",
"Camas agreed to take on 60 percent of the costs, with Washougal taking on 40 percent.In recent years, according to Washougal officials, the city could not afford to pay their 40 percent of the costs for staffing increases deemed necessary by fire department leaders for the two cities' population growth."
],
[
"Stations and apparatus",
"Fire station numberLocationAddressApparatuses41 (HQ)Downtown Camas616 NE 4th Avenue Camas1 engine2 medic units1 brush1 battalion42Undeveloped area4321 NW Parker Street Camas2 engines1 medic unit2 brush43Downtown Washougal1400 A Street Washougal2 engines1 medic unit1 brush"
],
[
"Notes"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Premio Lo Nuestro 2024"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''36th Lo Nuestro Awards''' will be held at Kaseya Center in Miami on February 22, 2024, to recognize the most popular Spanish-language music of 2023.The ceremony will be broadcast on Univisión and will be hosted by Mexican television presenter Galilea Montijo, Dominican model Clarissa Molina and Mexican actress Angélica Vale.The nominations were announced on January 22, 2024, with Maluma leading with fourteen nominations, followed by Peso Pluma with thirteen, Grupo Frontera with ten, and Karol G and Feid, both with nine.",
"Voting for the winners was opened on nomination day on the awards page, being available to vote until February 2, 2024.Following the nominations announcement, the recipients for the special awards were also announced: Lifetime Achievement Award for Mexican singer Ana Bárbara, Global Icon Award for Puerto Rican singer Don Omar, and Excellence Award for Puerto Rican singer Olga Tañón."
],
[
"Performers",
"Below is the list of the live performances of the artists and the songs they performed: Artist(s) Performed Diego Torres \"Mejor Que Ayer\" Victor Manuelle TBA Wisin & Yandel TBA Natti Natasha TBA Maluma TBA Emilia & Tini \"La Original\" Banda MS de Sergio Lizárraga TBA Gloria Trevi TBA Yuridia & Ángela Aguilar \"Que Agonía\" Gente de Zona TBA Camilo \"Gordo\" / \"Plis\" (with Evaluna Montaner) Anitta \"Mil Veces\" / \"Bellakeo\" Pepe Aguilar \"Hasta Que Me Duermo\" Grupo Frontera TBA Eladio Carrión \"La Canción Más Feliz Del Disco\" / \"Bendecido\" Chayanne \"Bailando Bachata\" Arcángel & Grupo Frontera \"ALV\" Bad Gyal & Anitta \"Bota Niña\" Carin León & Kane Brown \"The One (Pero No Como Yo)\" Ricardo Montaner \"Tan Enamorados\""
],
[
"Winners and nominees",
"The nominees were announced on January 22, 2024.Winners will be listed first and in '''bold'''.===General===* Bad Bunny* Camilo* Carin León* Feid* Grupo Frontera* Karol G* Maluma* Ozuna* Peso Pluma* Shakira* ''Colmillo de Leche'' – Carin León* ''Don Juan'' – Maluma* ''El Comienzo'' – Grupo Frontera* ''Escalona Nunca Se Había Grabado Así'' – Carlos Vives* ''Feliz Cumpleaños Ferxxo Te Pirateamos el Álbum'' – Feid* ''Fórmula, Vol.",
"3'' – Romeo Santos* ''Génesis'' – Peso Pluma* ''Haashtag'' – Ha*Ash* ''Mañana Será Bonito'' – Karol G* ''Playa Saturno'' – Rauw Alejandro* \"Ambulancia\" – Camilo & Camila Cabello* \"Shakira: Bzrp Music Sessions, Vol.",
"53\" – Bizarrap & Shakira* \"Despechá\" – Rosalía* \"Ella Baila Sola\" – Eslabon Armado & Peso Pluma* \"Lala\" – Myke Towers* \"Me EnRD\" – Prince Royce* \"Nunca y Pico\" – Yandel, Maluma & Eladio Carrión* \"Sé Que Estás con Él\" – Silvestre Dangond, Reik & Boza* \"Un x100to\" – Grupo Frontera & Bad Bunny* \"¿Y Qué Tal Si Funciona?\"",
"– Yuridia & Banda MS de Sergio Lizárraga * ''Fórmula, Vol.",
"3: The Tour'' – Romeo Santos* ''Luis Miguel Tour 2023–24'' – Luis Miguel* ''Mañana Será Bonito Tour'' – Karol G* ''Saturno World Tour'' – Rauw Alejandro* ''Soy Rebelde Tour'' – RBD* Beéle* Christian Alicea* Dei V* Michelle Maciel* Milo J* Omar Courtz* Peso Pluma* Rels B* Saiko* Yng Lvcas* Gale* J Noa* Joaquina* Kenia Os* La Joaqui* Ludmilla* PaoPao* Snow Tha Product* \"Bailar Contigo\" – Black Eyed Peas & Daddy Yankee* \"Dientes\" – J Balvin, Usher & DJ Khaled* \"El Vibe\" – Farina & Sean Paul* \"Jumpin\" – Pitbull & Lil Jon* \"Let's Get Crazy!",
"(Mambo Drop)\" – Don Omar & Lil Jon* \"Ojalá\" – , The Rudeboyz, Maluma & Adam Levine* \"Somos Iguales\" – Ozuna, Tokischa, Louchie Lou & Michie One* \"The Reason (Latin Version)\" – Jonathan Moly & Hoobastank* \"Alaska\" – Camilo & Grupo Firme* \"Amor Clandestino\" – Maná & Eden Muñoz* \"Chanel\" – Becky G & Peso Pluma* \"Como el Viento\" – Luis R Conríquez & Nicky Jam* \"El Amor de Mi Vida\" – Los Ángeles Azules & María Becerra* \"El Pañuelo\" – Romeo Santos & Rosalía* \"La Siguiente\" – Kany García & Christian Nodal* \"Peso Pluma: Bzrp Music Sessions, Vol.",
"55\" – Bizarrap & Peso Pluma* \"Según Quién\" – Maluma & Carin León* \"Un x100to\" – Grupo Frontera & Bad Bunny* \"La Bebe Remix\" – Yng Lvcas & Peso Pluma* \"Podemos Repetirlo Remix\" – Don Omar, Chencho Corleone & Anuel AA* \"Polaris Remix\" – Saiko, Quevedo, Feid & Mora* \"Quédate Tiësto Remix\" – Bizarrap & Tiësto* \"Una Noche en Medellín Remix\" – Karol G, Cris Mj & Ryan Castro===Pop===* Camilo* Carlos Rivera* Lasso* Luis Fonsi* Maluma* Manuel Medrano* Manuel Turizo* Pedro Capó* Ricky Martin* Sebastián Yatra* Aitana* Emilia* Gloria Trevi* Kany García* Kenia Os* Laura Pausini* Rosalía* Shakira* Thalía* Tini* Camila* Ha*Ash* Piso 21* RBD* Reik* \"A Mi Lado\" – Reik & Rusherking* \"Coco Loco\" – Maluma* \"Como Tú y Yo\" – Chayanne* ''Fugitivos'' – Camila* \"La Falta Que Me Haces\" – Natti Natasha* \"La Última Canción\" – CNCO* \"Mi Salida Contigo\" – Ha*Ash & Kenia Os* \"Sincerándome\" – Carlos Rivera* \"Una Noche Sin Pensar\" – Sebastián Yatra* \"Volver a Casa\" – Pedro Capó* \"Hey\" – Ana Isabelle* \"Te Acuerdas\" – Ha*Ash & Reik* \"Tu Salida\" – Christian Daniel* \"Un Buen Inicio\" – Laura Pausini* \"Yo No Fumo\" – Ricardo Montaner & Carlos Rivera===Urban===* Arcángel* Bad Bunny* Daddy Yankee* Eladio Carrión* Feid* Myke Towers* Ozuna* Rauw Alejandro* Ryan Castro* Yandel* Anitta* Becky G* Chesca* Karol G* María Becerra* Natti Natasha* Nicki Nicole* Paopao* Villano Antillano* Young Miko* ''3MEN2 KBRN'' – Eladio Carrión* ''Feliz Cumpleaños Ferxxo Te Pirateamos el Álbum'' – Feid* ''La Nena de Argentina'' – María Becerra* ''La Sustancia X'' – Villano Antillano* ''La Vida Es Una'' – Myke Towers* ''LLNM2'' – Anuel AA* ''Mañana Será Bonito'' – Karol G* ''Ozutochi'' – Ozuna* ''Playa Saturno'' – Rauw Alejandro* ''Resistencia'' – Yandel* \"Besos Moja2\" – Wisin & Yandel & Rosalía* \"Classy 101\" – Feid & Young Miko* \"Instagram\" – Blessd* \"Lala\" – Myke Towers* \"Más Rica Que Ayer\" – Anuel AA, Mambo Kingz & DJ Luian* \"Necesidad\" – Venesti* \"Panties y Brasieres\" – Rauw Alejandro & Daddy Yankee* \"Un Cigarrillo\" – Chencho Corleone* \"Where She Goes\" – Bad Bunny* \"Yandel 150\" – Yandel & Feid * \"Gatúbela\" – Karol G & Maldy* \"Hey Mor\" – Ozuna & Feid* \"La Bebe Remix\" – Yng Lvcas & Peso Pluma* \"La Jumpa\" – Arcángel & Bad Bunny* \"Lokera\" – Rauw Alejandro, Lyanno & Brray* \"Mi Exxx\" – Wisin & Anuel AA* \"Nunca y Pico\" – Yandel, Maluma & Eladio Carrión* \"Podemos Repetirlo\" – Don Omar & Chencho Corleone* \"Te Kiero Ver\" – Paopao & Jay Wheeler* \"Ulala\" – Myke Towers & Daddy Yankee* \"5 Estrellas\" – Reik & Sech* \"Columbia\" – Quevedo* \"Éxtasis\" – Manuel Turizo & María Becerra* \"Junio\" – Maluma* \"Niña Bonita\" – Feid & Sean Paul* \"No_se_ve.Mp3\" – Emilia, Ludmilla & Zecca* \"Pasa_je_ro\" – Farruko* \"To' Esto es Tuyo\" – Natti Natasha* \"TQG\" – Karol G & Shakira* \"Tucu\" – Ozuna & Amarion* ''2000'' – Manuel Turizo* ''Cupido'' – Tini* ''Desgenerados Mixtape'' – Mau y Ricky* ''Don Juan'' – Maluma* ''Eva'' – Lasso* ''Haashtag'' – Ha*Ash* ''La Neta'' – Pedro Capó* ''Mi Soundtrack Vol.",
"1'' – Gloria Trevi* ''Sincerándome'' – Carlos Rivera* ''Thalia's Mixtape'' – Thalía* \"Berlín\" – Zion & Lennox & María Becerra* \"Beso\" – Rosalía & Rauw Alejandro* \"Easy\" – Chesca & Dalex* \"Esta Vida\" – Marshmello & Farruko* \"La Loto\" – Tini, Becky G & Anitta* \"Los Cachos\" – Piso 21 & Manuel Turizo* \"Sé Que Estás con Él\" – Silvestre Dangond, Reik & Boza* \"Shakira: Bzrp Music Sessions, Vol.",
"53\" – Bizarrap & Shakira* \"Tu Recuerdo\" – Wisin, Emilia & Lyanno* \"Vagabundo\" – Sebastián Yatra, Manuel Turizo & Beéle* \"Berlín\" – Zion & Lennox & María Becerra* \"Café con Leche\" – Pitbull* \"Celular\" – Nicky Jam, Maluma & The Chainsmokers* \"Esta Vida\" – Marshmello & Farruko* \"Let's Get Crazy!",
"(Mambo Drop)\" – Don Omar & Lil Jon* \"Tá OK Remix\" – Dennis, MC Kevin O Chris, Maluma & Karol G===Tropical===* Aymée Nuviola* Carlos Vives* Juan Luis Guerra* Luis Figueroa* Marc Anthony* Olga Tañón* Prince Royce* Romeo Santos* Silvestre Dangond* Víctor Manuelle* ''Bachata en Vivo, Vol.",
"2'' – Elvis Martínez* ''Canciones del Corazón'' – Olga Tañón* ''Catarsis'' – Daniela Darcourt* ''El Swing del Gran Combo'' – El Gran Combo de Puerto Rico* ''Escalona Nunca Se Había Grabado Así'' – Carlos Vives* ''Fórmula, Vol.",
"3'' – Romeo Santos* ''Intruso'' – Silvestre Dangond* ''Metamorfosis'' – Jonathan Moly* ''Voy a Ti'' – Luis Figueroa* ''Yo'' – Christian Alicea* \"Bailando Bachata\" – Chayanne* \"Decidí Tener Pantalones\" – Víctor Manuelle* \"Me EnRD\" – Prince Royce* \"Solo Conmigo\" – Romeo Santos* \"Viernes\" – Luis Figueroa* \"Yo Le Mentí\" – Marc Anthony* \"Ambulancia\" – Camilo & Camila Cabello* \"El Merengue\" – Marshmello & Manuel Turizo* \"El Pañuelo\" – Romeo Santos & Rosalía* \"La Fórmula\" – Maluma & Marc Anthony* \"Las Mujeres\" – Carlos Vives & Juanes* \"Si Tú Me Quieres\" – Fonseca & Juan Luis Guerra===Regional Mexican===* Alejandro Fernández* Alfredo Olivas* Carin León* Christian Nodal* Eden Muñoz* Junior H* Lenin Ramírez* Luis R. Conriquez* Pepe Aguilar* Peso Pluma* Ana Bárbara* Ángela Aguilar* Chiquis* Majo Aguilar* Yuridia* Banda Los Recoditos* Banda MS de Sergio Lizárraga* Calibre 50* Eslabon Armado* Fuerza Regida* Grupo Firme* Grupo Frontera* Intocable* La Maquinaria Norteña* Los Ángeles Azules* Conexión Divina* Eslabon Armado* Fuerza Regida* Grupo Frontera* Los Esquivel* Marca MP* ''Bordado a Mano'' – Ana Bárbara* ''Colmillo de Leche'' – Carin León* ''Consejos Gratis'' – Eden Muñoz* ''Cumbia del Corazón'' – Los Ángeles Azules* ''Desvelado'' – Eslabon Armado* ''El Comienzo'' – Grupo Frontera* ''Foragido EP2'' – Christian Nodal* ''Génesis'' – Peso Pluma* ''Pa Que Hablen'' – Fuerza Regida* ''Pa' Luego es Tarde'' – Yuridia* \"Alaska\" – Camilo & Grupo Firme* \"Ella Baila Sola\" – Eslabon Armado & Peso Pluma* \"Eres Ese Algo\" – La Maquinaria Norteña* \"Indispensable\" – Carin León* \"Inexperto en Olvidarte\" – Alejandro Fernández* \"Ni con Labios Prestados\" – Alfredo Olivas* \"No Se Va (En Vivo)\" – Grupo Frontera* \"Tú y Tú\" – Los Ángeles Azules, Cazzu & Santa Fe Klan* \"Un Cumbión Dolido\" – Christian Nodal* \"¿Y Qué Tal Si Funciona?\"",
"– Yuridia & Banda MS de Sergio Lizárraga* \"Alaska\" – Camilo & Grupo Firme* \"Bebe Dame\" – Fuerza Regida & Grupo Frontera* \"Ella Baila Sola\" – Eslabon Armado & Peso Pluma* \"La Patrona\" – Edwin Luna y La Trakalosa de Monterrey & Leantro Ríos* \"No Me Hablen de Amor\" – Pepe Aguilar & Intocable* \"Qué Agonía\" – Yuridia & Ángela Aguilar* \"Se Acabó (En Vivo)\" – Lenin Ramírez, Fuerza Regida & Banda Renovación* \"Según Quién\" – Maluma & Carin León* \"Si Ya Hiciste el Mal\" – Luis R. Conriquez & Jessi Uribe* \"Solo Que Lo Dudes\" – Banda MS de Sergio Lizárraga & Yahritza y Su Esencia* \"Beses a Quien Beses\" – La Fiera de Ojinaga* \"Cuéntame\" – Los Rieleros del Norte* \"Dirección Equivocada\" – Calibre 50* \"Eres Ese Algo\" – La Maquinaria Norteña* \"Indispensable\" – Carin León* \"Ni Con Labios Prestados\" – Alfredo Olivas* \"Ni Volviendo a Nacer\" – Eden Muñoz* \"No Me Hablen de Amor\" – Pepe Aguilar & Intocable* \"Que Te Vaya Bien\" – Julión Álvarez y su Norteño Banda* \"Se Me Soltó el Hocico\" – Los Dos Carnales* \"Al Ver Que Te Vas\" – Banda El Recodo* \"Amor Pasajero\" – Los Plebes del Rancho de Ariel Camacho* \"Calidad\" – Grupo Firme & Luis Mexia* \"Fuerte No Soy\" – Banda Los Recoditos* \"La Patrona\" – Edwin Luna y La Trakalosa de Monterrey & Leantro Ríos* \"Se Acabó (En Vivo)\" – Lenin Ramírez, Fuerza Regida & Banda Renovación* \"Se Manda Sola\" – La Adictiva* \"Si Ya Hiciste el Mal\" – Luis R. Conriquez & Jessi Uribe* \"Soldado Caído\" – El Fantasma* \"¿Y Qué Tal Si Funciona?\"",
"– Yuridia & Banda MS de Sergio Lizárraga * \"Canción Para Olvidarte\" – Majo Aguilar* \"Difícil Tu Caso\" – Alejandro Fernández* \"La Jugada\" – Ana Bárbara & Vicente Fernández* \"No Puedo No Caer\" – Leonardo Aguilar* \"Qué Agonía\" – Yuridia & Ángela Aguilar* \"Sólo Muere Si Se Olvida\" – Adriel Favela & Kurt* \"Un Cumbión Dolido\" – Christian Nodal* \"Cambio de Canción\" – Conexión Divina* \"Ella Baila Sola\" – Eslabon Armado & Peso Pluma* \"Fin de Semana\" – Oscar Maydon & Junior H* \"Frágil\" – Yahritza y Su Esencia & Grupo Frontera* \"Mírate Nomás\" – Ulices Chaidez===Special Merit Awards===* Lifetime Achievement Award – Ana Bárbara* Global Icon Award – Don Omar* Excellence Award - Olga Tañón"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Official website"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Perry Shall"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Perry Shall''' is a Grammy-nominated Philadelphia based artist.",
"Shall's work includes music, playing in bands such as Dry Feet, Hound, and Wildflowers of America.",
"He has designed artwork for artists such as The Black Keys, Shannon and the Clams, and musicians on the Easy Eye Sound label.",
"He is also a self described 'collector' with a collection of over 1,400 t-shirts."
],
[
"Awards and Honors",
"At the 2024 Grammy Awards, Shall was nominated for Best Recording Package for his art direction on the album ''Electrophonic Chronic'' by The Arcs."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Styphelia laeta"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Styphelia laeta''''', commonly known as '''five corners''', is a species of flowering plant in the heath family Ericaceae and is endemic to New South Wales.",
"It is a slender, erect shrub with broadly elliptic or egg-shaped leaves and pale yellowish-green or red flowers arranged singly in leaf axils."
],
[
"Description",
"''Styphelia laeta'' is a slender, erect shrub that typically grows to a height of , its branchlets covered with velvety hairs.",
"The leaves are broadly elliptic or egg-shaped, long, wide on a petiole long.",
"The flowers are arranged singly in leaf axils with glabrous bracteoles long.",
"The flowers are pale yellowish-green or red, the sepals long and the petals form a tube long with densely hairy lobes long.",
"The stamen filaments are long.",
"Flowering occurs from February to August and the fruit is long."
],
[
"Taxonomy",
"''Styphelia laeta'' was first formally described in 1810 by botanist Robert Brown in his ''Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae''.",
"The specific epithet (''laeta'') means \"cheerful\", \"pleasant\" or \"bright\".In 1992, Jocelyn Powell described two subspecies of ''S.",
"laeta'' in the journal ''Telopea'' and the names are accepted by the Australian Plant Census:* ''Styphelia laeta'' R.Br.",
"subsp.",
"''laeta'' has leaves with a length:breadth ratio of 2.5–6.3:1 and finely toothed edges.",
"* ''Styphelia laeta'' subsp.",
"''latifolia'' (R.Br.)",
"J.M.Powell has leaves with a length:breadth ratio of 1.9–3.1:1 and finely softly-hairy edges."
],
[
"Distribution and habitat",
"Five corners grows in forest or shrubland between Gosford, Sydney and the Blue Mountains and disjunctly near Warialda."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Legacy International Center"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Legacy International Center''' is a biblical-themed hotel and religious center in San Diego's Mission Valley, California, US.",
"It was built by American televangelist Morris Cerullo.The 18-acre complex was built for $190 million and opened in February 2020.The center contains a 110 foot long replica of the Wailing Wall in Jerusalem, and a 250-seat restaurant.",
"It also contains a 4-D domed theater (motion seats, wind blasts, mist, smells) that initially showed two films, “Wings Over Israel” and “Walk Through the Bible”.",
"It also contains Cerullo's religious relics, depictions of catacombs with replicas of biblical scenes, and a child/teen area.The hotel contains 126 rooms, a 150-seat restaurant, and a conference facility.The center also includes the offices for Morris Cerullo World Evangelism, a ballroom, and a 500-seat theater.Morris Cerullo World Evangelism purchased the foreclosed Mission Valley Resort in 2011, and the center was approved for construction in 2017."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Jess Svane"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Jess Kristian Svane''' (born 5 May 1959) is a Greenlandic politician (Siumut)."
],
[
"Early life and career",
"Svane was born on 5 May 1959 in Qasigiannguit.",
"Before his political career, he worked primarily in the commercial sector.",
"Between 1992 and 2001 he was the port manager of Qasigiannguit before becoming self-employed in 2004.He and his wife Emilie have four children."
],
[
"Political career",
"Svane was appointed mayor of the municipality of Qasigiannguit after the 2005 local elections, in which he received 74 votes.",
"In the parliamentary election in the same year he missed entry into Inatsisartut with 69 votes.",
"In the 2008 local elections, he received the most votes from his party in his constituency and subsequently became the first mayor of Qaasuitsup, which was founded on 1 January 2009.He was unable to defend his mayoral position in the 2013 local elections because he received 363 fewer votes than his party colleague Ole Dorph with 413.Svane therefore ran in the 2014 parliamentary election the next year and came in first for his party with 172 votes, so that he ultimately moved up to Inatsisartut for Minister Doris Jakobsen.",
"In the 2017 local elections, he defended his place in the local council with 185 votes, but due to the administrative reform he is now in the council of the Qeqertalik municipality.In the 2018 parliamentary election, Svane again achieved first place in the Siumut with 161 and this time slipped into parliament for Minister Erik Jensen.",
"In April 2019 he was appointed Minister for Labor, Energy and Research in the Kielsen V Cabinet.",
"On November 22, 2019, he took over the labor market portfolio from Jensen, who resigned.",
"In May 2020 he was appointed Minister for Labor Market, Research and Environment in the Kielsen VI Cabinet.Svane was re-elected to Inatsisartut in the 2021 parliamentary election.",
"However, he did not run in the 2021 local elections.",
"When Siumut became part of the government again on 5 April 2022, Svane was appointed Minister for Social Affairs, Interior and Labor Market in the Second Egede cabinet.",
"On 25 September 2023, he assigned to the family portfolio of Aqqaluiq B. Egede."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"FSC Lublin-51"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''FSC Lublin-51''' is a Polish small-capacity truck which was a licensed version of the Soviet GAZ-51.Production began on the 7th November 1951 and ended in June 1959.The model was replaced by the Polish developed FSC Żuk delivery vehicle.",
"A total of 17,479 examples of the FSC Lublin-51 were produced."
],
[
"History",
"FSC Lublin-51 ambulanceFSC Lublin-51 in 1990In December 1948, a decision was made to begin production of trucks under the license of the Soviet GAZ-51 model in the pre-war Lilpop, Rau i Loewenstein plants in Lublin.",
"The agreement with the Soviets was signed on July 22, 1950.According to initial assumptions, the plant's annual production was to be approximately 12,000 copies, but at the end of 1950 the production capacity was increased to 25,000 pieces per year.",
"The first copy of this car was assembled on November 7, 1951, from parts supplied by the licensor.The body of Lublin-51 was mounted on a longitudinal, riveted frame made of pressed sheet metal.",
"The suspension system used a front rigid axle suspended on semi-elliptical leaf springs and two hydraulic arm shock absorbers.",
"At the rear, the drive axle was suspended on semi-elliptical leaf springs, additionally supported by auxiliary leaf springs.",
"This vehicle used a steering gear with a globoid worm.",
"It is powered by an imported 6-cylinder in-line M-51 petrol engine with a capacity of 3,480 cm³ and a maximum power of 51.5 kW (70 HP).",
"This unit is mated to a 4-speed manual, non-synchronised gearbox.",
"The Lublin-51 was equipped with a cabin with the engine extended.",
"The cabin frame is made of wood and covered with waterproof plywood.",
"The side panels, engine hood and fenders were made of steel sheet, while the roof was covered with dermatoid.Modernizations were carried out during production.",
"A new type of carburetor with a vacuum-controlled saver was used, the vacuum wiper drive system was replaced with electric motors and a fully metal cabin was put into production.Despite the modernization, it was not possible to eliminate the basic drawbacks of this vehicle: too low load capacity for a truck and high fuel consumption.",
"Production ended in June 1959, after 17,479 units had been produced.Various versions of bodies were mounted on the chassis of the FSC Lublin-51 model, such as a cargo box, van bodies produced by Zakłady Budowy Adżużu Samochodowych in Nysa, bodies for traveling cinemas, repair workshops and sanitary bodies type N-243, produced by Zakłady Budowy Adżużu Samochodowych in Nysa (Jelcz)."
],
[
"Technical data",
"'''Engine type'''R6 lower valve, four-stroke M-51Number of cylinders6Displacement3480 cm³Power70 HP (51.5 kW) at 2800 rpmMax torque at rpm200 Nm at 1500 rpmMax speed70 km/hFuel consumption per 100 km26 lCompression ratio6.2Transmission4-speed manualCurb weight2710 kgPermissible gross weight 5350 kgTire size7.50-20\"BrakesDrum, hydraulic, single-circuit on all wheelsCylinder diameter82mmPiston stroke110mmWheelbase1400mmCapacity2.5 t"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"Bibliography",
"* * *"
],
[
"External links",
"* Description of the FSC Lublin-51 model on the \"Save from oblivion\" website"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"1993 Bausch & Lomb Championships – Singles"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Gabriela Sabatini was the defending champion, but lost in the final to Arantxa Sánchez Vicario.",
"The score was 6–2, 5–7, 6–2."
],
[
"Seeds",
"The first eight seeds received a bye into the second round."
],
[
"Draw",
"===Finals======Top half=======Section 1========Section 2=======Bottom half=======Section 3========Section 4===="
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Official results archive (ITF)* Official results archive (WTA)"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Chiara Corbelletto"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Chiara Corbelletto''' (born 1956 in Biella, Italy) is an Italian-born New Zealand artist.",
"Corbelletto's public sculptures in Auckland include ''Twins'' (2003) at the Grafton Campus of the University of Auckland, ''Numbers Are the Language of Nature'' (2005) at the Auckland Domain, and ''1001 Spheres'' (2023) at Monte Cecilia Park.",
"Corbelletto has artworks in the collections of Te Tuhi and Te Papa."
],
[
"Biography",
"''Numbers Are the Language of Nature'' (2005) in the Auckland Domain''1001 Spheres'' (2023), located in Monte Cecilia Park, AucklandCorbelletto was born in 1956 in Biella, Italy.",
"She trained as an artist in Italy, studying at the University of Milan.",
"She arrived in New Zealand in 1981, after which she spent the next six years working as an art restorer.Corbeletto moved her studio to the Corban Estate Arts Centre around the year 2004.In 2005, Corbelletto unveiled ''Numbers Are the Language of Nature'', a sculpture in the Auckland Domain commissioned as a part of Outdoor Sculpture 2001, to create a sculpture walk within the Domain.",
"The maquette of the sculpture is held at Auckland War Memorial Museum.Corbeletto's ''1001 Spheres'' was unveiled in 2023 in Monte Cecilia Park, Auckland, to mark 125 years of women's suffrage in New Zealand."
],
[
"Artistry",
"Art historian Michael Dunn feels that Corbelletto's works occupy \"a position somewhere between abstraction and figuration\"."
],
[
"Sculptures",
"*''Twins'' (2003), located at the Grafton Campus of the University of Auckland.",
"*''Numbers Are the Language of Nature'' (2005), located in the Auckland Domain.",
"*''Paremuka Bridge'' (2005) woven designs, Rānui/Western Heights, Auckland.",
"*''White Delta'' and ''Archimede'' (2008), two polypropylene sculptured purchased by Te Papa in 2008.",
"*''Binary'' (2014), at Massey University, Palmerston North.",
"*The façade of the Te Atatū Peninsula Library (2014), Te Atatū Peninsula, Auckland*''1001 Spheres'' (2023), located in Monte Cecilia Park, Auckland"
],
[
"Exhibitions",
"*''Arche the Beginning'' (1988), Gow Langsford Gallery, Grey Lynn, Auckland*''Scultura'' (1990), Gow Langsford Gallery, Parnell, Auckland*''Essenza and Affinita'' (1997), Fisher Gallery, Pakuranga"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"Further reading",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Abelardo Pinto"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Abelardo Pinto''' is a Guatemalan politician who has been the Minister of Social Development, since January 2024, under the government of Bernardo Arévalo.",
"He got a degree in marketing from Rafael Landívar University."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"2024 Mumbai Open – Singles"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Darja Semeņistaja won her first WTA 125 singles title, defeating Storm Hunter in the final, 5–7, 7–6(8–6), 6–2.She saved a championship point in the second-set tiebreak.Luksika Kumkhum was the defending champion from when the tournament was last held in 2018, but she chose not to participate."
],
[
"Seeds"
],
[
"Draw",
"===Finals======Top half======Bottom half==="
],
[
"Qualifying",
"===Seeds======Qualifiers======Lucky losers======Qualifying draw=======First qualifier========Second qualifier========Third qualifier========Fourth qualifier========Fifth qualifier========Sixth qualifier===="
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Main and Qualifying Draw"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"1987 Citizen Cup – Singles"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Andrea Temesvári was the last champion of the tournament in 1983.She did not compete this year.Steffi Graf won the title by defeating Isabel Cueto 6–2, 6–2 in the final."
],
[
"Seeds",
"The first eight seeds received a bye into the second round."
],
[
"Draw",
"===Finals======Top half=======Section 1========Section 2=======Bottom half=======Section 3========Section 4===="
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Official results archive (ITF)* Official results archive (WTA)"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Edmund Forrest"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Edmund George Forrest''' (5 October 1870 — 20 February 1902) was an Irish rugby union international.Forrest, a native of Dublin, was the fifth born son of William Frederick Forrest.One of three brothers to play for Ireland, Forrest was himself capped 13 times, playing as a forward.",
"He captained the first Ireland Triple Crown-winning side in the 1894 Home Nations Championship, with his last-minute drop goal defeating England in their fixture at Blackheath.",
"His club rugby was played with Richmond and Dublin Wanderers.Forrest was a medical graduate of Dublin University and served with the Royal Army Medical Corps, gaining promotion to captain in 1899.He later fell ill while posted overseas and was sent home, but died en route in Aden in 1902."
],
[
"See also",
"*List of Ireland national rugby union players"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Mykola Popov"
],
[
"Introduction",
"''' Mykola Mykhailovych Popov''' (Ukrainian: Микола Михайлович Попов; 19 December 1937 - c. 1994) was a Ukrainian politician who had served as Member of the Verkhovna Rada from 1990 to 1994.He died after leaving the Verkhovna Rada around that year."
],
[
"Biography",
"Mykola Popov was born in Voroshilovgrad (present day Luhansk) on 12 December 1937.From 1955 to 1956, he was an apprentice, a fitter-turner at the tool shop of the Voroshilovgrad Locomotive Plant named after the October Revolution.From 1956 to 1959, he served in the Soviet Navy.He joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1958.From 1959 to 1969, he was an electrician-tester, research engineer, head of the laboratory, head of the design group, head of the design bureau of the department of the chief designer for locomotive construction, head of the bureau of the Luhansk Locomotive Plant named after the October Revolution.He graduated from Luhansk Mechanical Engineering Institute, mechanical engineer.From 1969 to 1974, he was the 2nd and 1st secretary of the October District Committee of the Communist Party of Luhansk.In 1974 to 1976, he was the head of the industrial and transport department of the Voroshilovgrad Regional Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine.",
"From 1976 to October 1979, he was the head of the department of organizational and party work of the Voroshilovgrad Regional Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine.From October 1979 to April 1986, he was the 1st Secretary of the Voroshilovgrad City Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine.",
"He graduated in absentia from the Academy of Social Sciences under the Central Committee of the CPSU.From 1986 to 1991, he was the 2nd secretary of the Voroshilovgrad (Luhansk) Regional Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine.In 1990, he was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR of the 12th convocation.On 18 March 1990, Popov was elected a member of parliament, a People's Deputy of Ukraine, of the Verkhovna Rada, through the 2nd round 60.97% of votes, and 3 applicants.",
"He was sworn into office on 15 May.He left the Verkhovna Rada on 10 May 1994.Popov died around that year after leaving the parliament."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Joseph Goldwasser"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Joseph Goldwasser''' ( – ) was a Polish-born American Jewish businessman.",
"He is known for leading an unofficial investigation in the lynching of Robert Mallard."
],
[
"Biography",
"Joseph Goldwasser was born grew up in Łódź, Poland, in a family of 10 children.",
"In 1938, when he was 19, he fled to Russia by himself after hearing Ze'ev Jabotinsky's warning of the occupation of Poland.",
"He spent World War II in Russia, including a year inside a Gulag.",
"After the war, he fled to Uzbekistan.Goldwasser moved to Cleveland, Ohio, and married Draza Goldwasser.",
"He ran a tire business called \"Trey Packing\" in an old synagogue.",
"The synagogue later burnt down, and he remodeled the building into a department store named the \"Peerless Department Store\".",
"Goldwasser often employed African Americans who moved from the Southern United States.",
"He was a member of the NAACP's Cleveland branch, and launched an unofficial investigation on the lynching of Robert Mallard.Goldwasser died at the age of 52 from a heart attack."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"1990 Kraft General Foods of Moscow – Singles"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Gretchen Magers was the defending champion, but lost in the semifinals to Elena Brioukhovets.Leila Meskhi won the title by defeating Brioukhovets 6–4, 6–4 in the final."
],
[
"Seeds"
],
[
"Draw",
"===Finals======Top half======Bottom half==="
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Official results archive (ITF)* Official results archive (WTA)"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"1990 Jello Tennis Classic – Singles"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Katerina Maleeva was the defending champion, but lost in the semifinals to Leila Meskhi.Conchita Martínez won the title by defeating Meskhi 6–4, 6–2 in the final."
],
[
"Seeds"
],
[
"Draw",
"===Finals======Top half======Bottom half==="
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Official results archive (ITF)* Official results archive (WTA)"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Paul Donison"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Paul Donison''' (born 1977) is a Canadian-born American Anglican bishop.",
"His primary role in ordained ministry is as rector and dean of Christ Church Plano, the largest church and provincial pro-cathedral of the Anglican Church in North America.",
"Since 2024, he has also served as general secretary of Gafcon and assistant bishop in the Anglican Diocese of Gasabo."
],
[
"Early life and education",
"Donison was born in Canada and earned his B.F.A.",
"in theatre from the University of Victoria.",
"After university, Donison worked as a professional actor, including roles as Laertes in ''Hamlet'' and Friar Lawrence in ''Romeo and Juliet''.",
"He later attended Regent College, where he received an M.Div.",
"and a diploma in Christian studies."
],
[
"Ordained ministry",
"Donison began his ordained ministry in the Anglican Church of Canada, serving in the Diocese of Fredericton and the Diocese of Ottawa.",
"In September 2009, as part of the broader Anglican realignment, Donison stepped down as rector of the combined South Dundas parish of St. James, Morrisburg, and Holy Trinity, Riverside Heights.",
"He voluntarily relinquished his license in the Diocese of Ottawa and joined the Anglican Network in Canada.",
"He joined the staff of St. Peter and St. Paul's Anglican Church in Ottawa as associate priest for discipleship and became rector in 2012.Donison was shortlisted for the role of bishop of Pittsburgh in March 2016.In 2016, Donison was elected to succeed the Rev.",
"David Roseberry as the second rector of Christ Church in Plano, Texas, which was the largest church in the ACNA and host of the investiture of Archbishop Robert Duncan in 2009.After immigrating to the United States, Donison was formally installed by Archbishop Foley Beach and Bishop Todd Hunter in January 2017.Donison and Christ Church hosted the ACNA Provincial Assembly in 2019.In 2021, Christ Church was designated the provincial pro-cathedral for the ACNA."
],
[
"Global role",
"In 2023, Donison was elected general secretary of Gafcon, succeeding Archbishop Benjamin Kwashi.",
"The Gafcon Primates Council determined that \"the role of general secretary was episcopal in nature,\" so Gafcon Chairman Laurent Mbanda consecrated Donison as assistant bishop in the Diocese of Gasabo on February 4, 2024, at Holy Trinity Cathedral in Kibagabaga, Kigali.",
"On February 17, Donison is scheduled to be invested as vicar general and area bishop for the Texas deanery in the Anglican Diocese of the South in addition to continuing his role as dean and rector at Christ Church."
],
[
"Personal life",
"Donison is married to Monika; they have four daughters.",
"Donison is a board member at Trinity School for Ministry, where he pursued doctoral studies, and East African Christian College in Kigali."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Asteronema"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Asteronema''''' is a genus of brown algae in the order Scytothamnales, the only one in the family '''Asteronemataceae'''."
],
[
"List of species",
"There are currently four accepted species of ''Asteronema'':* ''Asteronema australe'' Delépine & Asensi, 1975* ''Asteronema breviarticulatum'' (J.Agardh) Ouriques & Bouzon, 2000* ''Asteronema ferrugineum'' (Harvey) Delépine & Asensi, 1975* ''Asteronema microscopicum'' (Kützing) Trevisan"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Billy Fitzgerald (lacrosse)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''William James Fitzgerald''' (February 20, 1888 – June 30, 1926) was a Canadian field lacrosse player.",
"He played professional lacrosse with the Toronto Lacrosse Club and Vancouver Lacrosse Club in the early 1900s, and was a member of Vancouver's 1911 Minto Cup-winning squad.",
"Fitzgerald served as men's lacrosse coach at Hobart College, and later worked as a lacrosse referee.",
"Canada's Sports Hall of Fame inducted Fitzgerald in 1961, and the Canadian Lacrosse Hall of Fame honored him four years later."
],
[
"Biography",
"Fitzgerald was born in St. Catharines, Ontario.",
"In 1904, he started playing lacrosse as an offensive player.",
"His ''Dictionary of Canadian Biography'' profile states that \"he often carried the ball, and was an excellent passer and shooter.\"",
"Fitzgerald became a player on the St. Catharines Athletics, an amateur team, three years later.",
"St. Catharines, the reigning amateur lacrosse champions in the province, went undefeated during Fitzgerald's time with the club, which lasted two seasons.",
"The team was the Globe Shield champion in both of Fitzgerald's seasons with them.Fitzgerald became a professional lacrosse player in 1909 and joined the Toronto Lacrosse Club.",
"His exploits earned him recognition as far away as British Columbia, which led to Vancouver Lacrosse Club owner Con Jones attempting to sign Fitzgerald for the 1911 season.",
"In an attempt to improve his club to make a run at a Minto Cup championship, Jones signed both Fitzgerald and Newsy Lalonde; Fitzgerald got a $5,000 contract.",
"With Fitzgerald, Vancouver won the 1911 Minto Cup.",
"In 14 appearances during the campaign, he tallied 15 goals.",
"Following the season, Fitzgerald returned to the Toronto Lacrosse Club, as its contract offer exceeded the best one made by Jones.",
"Having promised to beat out Vancouver by $500, Toronto paid $4,000 for Fitzgerald's services in 1912.After one year with Toronto, Fitzgerald was again a target of Jones, who made Toronto a $1,000 offer for his rights.",
"However, Fitzgerald had starting building houses in St. Catharines as a carpenter, and decided to skip the 1913 season due to high building demand in the town.",
"Fitzgerald returned to the Toronto club in 1914, although World War I affected the sport in Canada.",
"Fitzgerald briefly returned to western Canada to play again for Vancouver Lacrosse Club in three games, scoring five goals.",
"That year, he accepted a position in the United States as head coach of the Hobart College lacrosse team.",
"When Fitzgerald sought to re-enter the U.S. for the 1916 season, he was initially denied entry into the country, but Hobart won an appeal.",
"After a period in which he played semi-professionally in St. Catharines, Fitzgerald competed for a professional team in Cornwall, Ontario, in 1919.In later years, he worked as a coach and referee in St. Catharines, and with multiple college teams.",
"Professional lacrosse entered a period of declining popularity, and Fitzgerald found himself unable to take part in local amateur competition, having competed as a professional for years.",
"He did play in 1921 for the Victoria Capitols and in 1924 for the Vancouver Terminals, scoring a combined eight goals in nine appearances.Fitzgerald had a surgical procedure to remove gallstones in June 1926, and came down with peritonitis, which caused his death on June 30 at the age of 38.In 1950, Canadian writers participated in a vote to choose the country's best lacrosse player of the century to that point.",
"Fitzgerald placed second in the balloting, behind Lalonde.",
"Canada's Sports Hall of Fame inducted him in 1961.The Canadian Lacrosse Hall of Fame honored him in 1965 as a founding member."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Judeo-Romani"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Judeo-Romani''' may refer to:"
],
[
"Ethnicities",
"* Zhutane Roma, a group of Bulgarian Judeo-Roma who arose in Sofia, Bulgaria during World War II* Baltic Romani Jews, a group of Judeo-Roma who live in and around the Baltic Areas.",
"* Judeo-Kale, a Sephardic Romani subgroup that can be found across Latin America, Spain, France, and Portugal* Doms in Israel,a group related to the Romani as they are found in Israel"
],
[
"Languages",
"* Judeo-Domari, or the Southern Dialect of the Domari language as it is spoken by Jewish Domaris in Israel."
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"1993 International Austrian Indoor Championships – Singles"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Natalia Medvedeva was the defending champion, but did not compete this year.Manuela Maleeva-Fragnière won the title after her opponent, Conchita Martínez, was forced to retire due to a flu during the second set.",
"The score was 6–2, 1–0."
],
[
"Seeds"
],
[
"Draw",
"===Finals======Top half======Bottom half==="
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Official results archive (ITF)* Official results archive (WTA)"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Coregonus candidus"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Coregonus candidus''', locally known as '''shiny whitefish''', is a freshwater species of fish of the genus coregonus, which is also known as whitefish, found in the Lake Neuchâtel and Bienne of Switzerland.",
"The fish is classified as vulnenrable according to the IUCN standard due to overfishing and improper management of the water body."
],
[
"Description",
"The maximum recorded length of the fish can reach up to .",
"It lives at or near the bottom of the water, up to .",
"The species spawn in January on sandy or muddy lakebed."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Aniculus hopperae"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Aniculus hopperae''''' is a species of hermit crab in the family Diogenidae."
],
[
"References",
"* Mclaughlin, P. A.; Hoover, J. P. (1996).",
"A new species of Aniculus Dana (Decapoda: Anomura: Diogenidae) from Hawaii.",
"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.",
"109(2), 299-305* McLaughlin, P. A., Komai, T., Lemaitre, R. & Rahayu, D.L.",
"(2010).",
"Annotated checklist of anomuran decapod crustaceans of the world (exclusive of the Kiwaoidea and families Chirostylidae and Galatheidae of the Galatheoidea.",
"Part I — Lithodoidea, Lomisoidea and Paguroidea.",
"Raffles Bulletin of Zoology.",
"Supplement 23: 5–107"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Armando Sagi"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Armando Martínez Sagi''' (28 April 1906 – 11 July 1997) was a Spanish footballer who played as a forward for FC Barcelona and Alfonso XIII (now known as RCD Mallorca).",
"He won two Copa del Rey titles with Barça, in 1922 and 1925, but he is best known for being the club's youngest-ever player and scorer in an official competitive match, which he achieved in 1920 at the age of 14.He is the brother of Ana María Martínez Sagi, the first woman director of FC Barcelona, and cousin of Emili Sagi-Barba, who also played for Barcelona.",
"In addition to football, Sagi also played tennis and billiards, becoming a world trick shot champion in fantasy billiards with caroms in 1932 and runner-up in 1933."
],
[
"Playing career",
"===Early career===Born in Barcelona, Sagi began his football career in the youth departments of his hometown club, FC Barcelona.",
"He rose through the ranks quickly, and in the 1919–20 season, despite his tender age of just 13, Sagi played six friendly matches for the club's first team.===1920–21 season===In the 1920–21 season, Sagi made his official competitive debut for Barça against FC Internacional (2–2) in the Catalan Championship held in Sants at the Camp del career Galileu on 14 November 1920, at the age of 14 years and 200 days, thus becoming the youngest player in the club's history, breaking the previous record set by Paulino Alcántara in 1912 (15 years and 140 days).",
"In this match, Barça's coach Jack Greenwell fielded Sagi as a winger on the left wing as the alternative for the absentee Fernando Plaza, and the chronicles of that time stated that this change \"was a success since the aforementioned boy Sagi now knows how to play much more than Plaza\".",
"Sagi still is the only 14-year-old that Barcelona has ever fielded, and following Sagi's debut, Barça did not field another 15-year-old player for over a century until Lamine Yamal in 2023, aged 15 years and 290 days.Four months later, on 6 March 1921, Sagi scored his first official competitive goal for Barcelona, netting a brace in a 3–1 win over ''Avenç de l'Sport'' in the first leg of a Catalan Championship play-off set to decide the winner (as they had finished level on points), which Barça eventually won.",
"In doing so at the age of 14 years and 307 days, he became the youngest scorer in the club's history, breaking the previous record which had also been set by Alcántara in 1912, although the Philippine managed to seal a hat-trick, unlike Sagi, who finished the 1920–21 season with five competitive matches, scoring twice.As a Barcelona player, Sagi was eligible to play for the Catalonia national team, but he was selected only once, in a friendly against Provence in April 1921.===1921–22 season===In the 1921–22 season, the 15-year-old Sagi scored four goals in six competitive matches, including his Copa del Rey debut on 2 April 1922, in the first leg of the semifinals against Sporting de Gijón, becoming, at the age of 15 years and 339 days, the youngest semifinalist in the competition's history, a record that he still holds.",
"By playing in this match, Sagi was part of the squad that then won the 1922 title.",
"Unlike the Catalan championship, which was regional, the Copa del Rey is a national competition, and thus some sources wrongly identify this match as Sagi's \"official\" debut, which led to many news outlets to wrongly claim that Yamal, at the age of 15 years and 290 days, had broken Sagi's 100-year-old record.===Golgen age===Sagi played for Barça during the club's first golden age, which won two Catalan championships and one Copa del Rey between 1920 and 1923; however, he did not play a major role in these triumphs because that golden age prevented him from often playing in a first-team consisting of players such as Vicente Piera, Josep Samitier, Ricardo Zamora, Agustín Sancho, Alcántara and his cousin Sagi-Barba.",
"He was usually the first substitute of the three attacking players and when he played, Sagi often demonstrated his qualities and his shooting power.",
"Due to the impossibility of finding a place among the then \"untouchables\", Sagi decided to leave the club in 1923.Sagi played the 1923–24 season with CE Júpiter, but then returned to Barcelona in the 1924–25 season, during which he only played a single official match, in the Copa del Rey, thus belonging to the squad that then won the domestic cup title in 1925.In total, Sagi scored six goals in 14 official matches and 21 goals in 96 unofficial matches.===Later career===After a 3-year hiatus, the 22-year-old Sagi played one last season of football in 1928–29 with the Alfonso XIII club, the forerunner of RCD Mallorca.",
"Later he would stand out in billiards, becoming a true juggler of cues and balls, and proclaiming himself world champion in May 1932 in the Classic Fantasy modality in Lille.",
"Coincidentally, another former Barcelona player, Claudi Puigvert, finished third in the same tournament, but he would also become world billiards champion, two years later.",
"As a result of this triumph, on 5 June 1932, Sagi received a tribute at the Camp de Les Corts, walking out into the field to do the honor of taking the symbolic kick-off between Barça and Celta de Vigo in the first leg of the semi-finals of the 1932 Copa del Presidente de la República."
],
[
"Death",
"Sagi died on 11 July 1997, at the age of 91, in a hospital in Montevideo (Uruguay), the country to which he had emigrated and from which he obtained nationality."
],
[
"Honours",
";Barcelona'''Copa del Rey:'''*'''Champions (2)''': 1922 and 1925'''Catalan championship:'''*'''Champions (2)''': 1921 and 1922"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"The Tortured Poets Department"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''The Tortured Poets Department''''' (also shortened to '''''Tortured Poets''''' or '''''TTPD''''') is the upcoming eleventh studio album by the American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, set for release on April 19, 2024, through Republic Records.",
"Swift announced the album at the 66th Annual Grammy Awards on February 4, 2024, after winning Best Pop Vocal Album for her tenth studio album, ''Midnights'' (2022).Shortly after finishing work on ''Midnights'', Swift conceived ''The Tortured Poets Department'' and developed it during the Eras Tour (2023–2024).",
"She described the album as her \"lifeline\" record, a product of imperative songwriting.",
"It consists of sixteen songs, featuring collaborations with the American rapper Post Malone and the English indie rock band Florence and the Machine; the physical formats of the album include bonus tracks."
],
[
"Background and release",
"On February 4, 2024, Swift teased the release of a new album by changing her profile picture across all social media platforms to a black-and-white version.",
"Fans had speculated online that she was preparing to release ''Reputation (Taylor's Version)'', a forthcoming re-recording of her sixth studio album, ''Reputation'' (2017).",
"Swift's website also appeared as if it had malfunctioned, reporting an unusual non-standard HTTP status code 321, as well as error code \"hneriergrd\", which fans deciphered to be an anagram spelling \"red herring.\"",
"The source code of the website was found to contain foreign-language words.Swift won the Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album and Album of the Year for ''Midnights.''",
"In her acceptance speech for the former, she revealed a new studio album she had kept secret the past two years, titled ''The Tortured Poets Department'', would be released on April 19, 2024.At the first Tokyo show of her Eras Tour, Swift revealed if she had not won at the Grammys, her backup plan was to announce the album then.",
"The album cover artwork was posted to her social media accounts, along with a photograph of a handwritten note, which incorporated English translations of the words from the source code of her website:The physical edition with the bonus track \"The Manuscript\", became available for pre-order at the same time, alongside a collector's edition deluxe CD which sold out on her website in under two hours.",
"The next day, Swift revealed the track list on her social media accounts, including collaborations with American rapper Post Malone on the first song \"Fortnight\" and English indie rock band Florence and the Machine on \"Florida\"; the frontwoman of the latter, Florence Welch, posted the tracklist to her Instagram stories with the caption \"Department Head of Haunted Houses\".",
"Swift announced ''The Bolter Edition'' of the album, containing the bonus track \"The Bolter\", at the first Melbourne show of the Eras Tour."
],
[
"Conception",
"Swift characterized ''The Tortured Poets Department'' as a \"lifeline\" album—one that she \"really needed\" to make.",
"She began conceiving the album immediately after submitting ''Midnights'' to her record label, Republic Records, and continued working on it in secret throughout the U.S. leg of the Eras Tour in 2023.According to Swift, creating the album proved to her the integral role of songwriting in her life.",
"She stated, \"I have never had an album where I needed songwriting more than I needed it on ''Tortured Poets''.\""
],
[
"Title and artwork",
"The album's official logo features its abbreviated title.The album is also referred to as simply ''Tortured Poets'' or abbreviated to ''TTPD'' as depicted in the official logo.",
"The lack of an apostrophe in the official title, as in ''The Tortured Poets' Department'', was the subject of a debate over grammatical correctness; scholars stated that Swift has employed ''Tortured Poets'' as an attributive noun, and not as a possessive noun which would warrant an apostrophe.The cover artwork, photographed by American photographer Beth Garrabrant, is a black-and-white glamor photo shot of Swift lying on a bed wearing black lingerie: a see-through top and high waist shorts.",
"According to Swift's stylist, Joseph Cassell, she was wearing garments from The Row and Yves Saint Laurent.",
"The back covers of the album featured the words \"I love you, it's ruining my life\" on ''The Manuscript Edition'', and \"You don't get to tell me about sad\" on ''The Bolter Edition''.",
"Both the artwork and title were parodied by numerous brands, organizations, sports teams, and franchises, and inspired numerous memes."
],
[
"Track listing"
],
[
"Release history",
"+ ''The Tortured Poets Department'' release history Region Date Format(s) Label Various April 19, 2024 Republic"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"1985 Alan King Tennis Classic – Singles"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Jimmy Connors was the defending champion in 1983.He lost in the first round to Vijay Amritraj.Johan Kriek won the title by defeating Jimmy Arias 4–6, 6–4, 6–3, 6–2 in the final."
],
[
"Seeds"
],
[
"Draw",
"===Finals======Top half======Bottom half==="
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Official results archive (ATP)* Official results archive (ITF)"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Carlo Alvaro"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Carlo Alvaro''' is an Italian-American author and philosophy professor at New York City College of Technology of the City University of New York.",
"Alvaro regularly lectures at the Fashion Institute of Technology, St. John's University (New York City), and St. Joseph's University (New York).",
"Alvaro is an ethical vegan based on virtue-ethical principles.",
"As an ethical vegan, Alvaro is opposed to cultured meat arguing the desire to produce and consume cultured meat stems from a lack of temperance, magnanimity, and compassion.Alvaro also works in the fields of philosophy of religion and meta-ethics.",
"He defends the existence of a deistic god.",
"Concerning morality, he is a moral realist."
],
[
"Selected publications",
"*''Ethical Veganism, Virtue Ethics, and the Great Soul'', Rowman & Littlefielf, 2019.ISBN 978-1498590037.",
"*''Raw Veganism: The Philosophy of The Human Diet'' (Routledge Studies in Food, Society and the Environment), Routledge, 2020.ISBN 978-0367435394.",
"*''Deism: A Rational Journey from Disbelief to the Existence of God'', Academica Press, 2021.ISBN 978-1680532456.",
"*''THE BOOK OF RAW: Why and How to Become a Raw Vegan'', Independent Press, 2022.ISBN 979-8829102739.",
"*\"A virtue-ethical approach to cultured meat.\"",
"''Nat Food'' 3, 788–790 (2022).",
"."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Palazzo del Governatore, Piacenza"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Palazzo del Governatore''' is a neoclassic-style palace located facing Piazza del Cavalli in the historic center of Piacenza, northern Italy which now houses the town's chamber of commerce.",
"The facade is flanked by two bronze equestrian statues sculpted by Francesco Mochi and depicting the Farnese Dukes of Parma: Ranuccio (1612–20) and his father, Alexander (1620-1629).",
"Across the piazza is the Gothic-style Palazzo Comunale and the two equestrian statues of Farnese dukes, Alessandro and Ranuccio."
],
[
"History",
"After pavement was place in the Piazza Cavalli, it was decided to rebuilt the government offices located in the buildings at this site.",
"The prior buildings had been erected by the then-Sforza rulers of Piacenza to house the local governor.",
"That structure had an open portico, which was enclosed and now houses a number of businesses.",
"The architect Lotario Tomba (1749-1823) completed the design with corner towers and a roofline with statues and vases; construction began in 1781, and the facade was completed by 1788.The second pilaster to the right of the entrance portal, has a solar calendar created in 1795 by Giovanni Francesco Baratierri, a local mathematician."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Rômulo (footballer, born 2001)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Rômulo Azevedo Simão''' (born 7 October 2001), simply known as '''Rômulo''', is a Brazilian footballer who plays as either an attacking midfielder or a forward for Palmeiras."
],
[
"Career",
"===Early career===Born in Pirassununga, São Paulo, Rômulo represented União São João, Independente de Limeira and Matonense as a youth before being loaned out to Atlético Paranaense in September 2018.Back to Matonense in March 2019, he made his first team debut during the year's Campeonato Paulista Segunda Divisão before leaving the club in August for Novorizontino, after having unpaid wages.===Novorizontino===Initially a member of the under-20 squad, Rômulo was promoted to the first team of ''Tigre'' in 2020, and started to feature with the squad in the year's Copa Paulista.",
"He only started to feature regularly in the 2022 Série B, however, and renewed his contract until 2025 on 19 September 2022.Rômulo became a regular starter during the 2023 season, contributing with 11 goals and nine assists during the year."
],
[
"Career statistics",
"ClubSeasonLeagueState LeagueCupContinentalOtherTotalDivisionAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoalsMatonense2019Paulista 2ª Divisão—112———112Novorizontino2020Série D00—00—83832021Série C9000———902022Série B2015010——2612023327194———511120240050———50Total61829410—839915'''Career total'''61840610008311017"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Pest County 6th constituency"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''6th constituency of Pest County''' () is a single member constituencies of the National Assembly, the national legislature of Hungary.",
"It was created by the Act on the Election of Members of Parliament passed in December 2011.Its seat is Gödöllő."
],
[
"Geography",
"The 6th constituency is located in the northern part of Pest County.",
"It includes the following municipalities:#Aszód#Bag#Domony#Galgamácsa#Gödöllő#Hévízgyörk#Iklad#Isaszeg#Kartal#Kerepes#Kistarcsa#Mogyoród#Nagytarcsa#Szada#Vácegres#Váckisújfalu#Verseg"
],
[
"Members",
"Since 2014, the constituency has been represented by László Vécsey from the party Fidesz.ElectionMemberParty %2014László VécseyFidesz–KDNP42.92201845.92202249.58"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Xin Jin Shan Chinese Library"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Xin Jin Shan Chinese Library''' (Traditional Chinese: 新金山中文圖書館) is a public library of Chinese-language books in Ballarat, Victoria.",
"It was founded in 2023 by Haoliang Sun and supported by numerous donations.",
"With over 200,000 books, the Library hosts the largest collection of Chinese-language books in the Southern Hemisphere.",
"It is located at 200 Sturt Street."
],
[
"History",
"Founded by retired philosopher and educator Haoliang Sun, the Xin Jin Shan Chinese Library (Traditional Chinese: 新金山中文圖書館) was initially set up in a garage.",
"Xin Jin Shan (Chinese: 新金山, ) was a term used by Chinese immigrants in the 1850s to refer to the Victorian goldfields.",
"At one point, around a quarter of people in Ballarat were Chinese.",
"Sun donated 10,000 books from the collection of his Mount Waverly Chinese bookshop, which closed 20 years ago, with the rest purchased or donated from universities, Chinese publishers and the Chinese Australian community.",
"Volunteers helped to transport, catalogue and sort the items.In April 2022, the Library moved into 200 Sturt Street, a former bank building on the corners of Ballarat's Lydiard and Sturt Streets, after Sun purchased a floor of the building.",
"He later purchased the entire building.",
"The Library spans 16 rooms across 700m2.The Xin Jin Shan Chinese Library officially opened on 22 January 2023.It is open to the public free-of-charge.",
"Committee member Charles Zhang, president of the Chinese Australian Cultural Society Ballarat, told ''SBS Mandarin'' that the Library also served as an education and research centre for Chinese languages and Chinese Australian settlement and a \"multi-functional centre for local communities\"."
],
[
"Contents",
", the Xin Jin Shan Chinese Library contains over 240,000 documentsthe largest collection of Chinese-language books in the Southern Hemisphere.",
"They are categorized into sections for education, Chinese literature, world literature, biography, humanities, sociology and philosophy.",
"It stores some of the only known copies of certain manuscripts, such as an 1857 Chinese Bible from the Victorian gold rush and a research compilation into the Chinese language, donated by the University of Melbourne.",
"The Library contains classic books such as the ''Bencao Gangmu''.The library contains several notable artworks by Chinese artists.",
"At the entrance hangs a Shen Jiawei painting titled ''Silent Dialogue'', which depicts Guboo Ted Thomas, an Aboriginal Australian leader with a Chinese mother."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Official website"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Lillie Hart Gay Torrey"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Lillie Hart Gay Torrey''' (1871 – 1956) was a Hawaiian painter."
],
[
"Career",
"Torrey was born and raised in Honolulu.",
"Her father, Judge Hart, was of British heritage while her mother was Native Hawaiian.",
"She attended Mills College in California.",
"Torrey was married twice, once to Francis Gay with whom she had one son, Ernest.",
"Her second marriage was to American artist George Burroughs Torrey.In her painting career, she became known for her decorative paintings of flowers.",
"She was described as being enthusiastic about her work, producing large paintings that were popular with Hawaii's residents."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"WeChoice Awards"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''WeChoice Awards''' (formerly '''We Choice Awards''', abbreviated as '''WCA''') is a Vietnamese annual award recognizing the most prominent people and events of the year voted by the general public.",
"It was first started in 2014 and presented by VCCorp, with the award ceremony taking place in Ho Chi Minh City."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Juanita Ellsworth Miller"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Juanita Ellsworth Miller''' (April 27, 1904 – August 17, 1970) was an American social worker and clubwoman, based in Los Angeles."
],
[
"Early life and education",
"Ellsworth was born in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and raised in Los Angeles, California, the daughter of Edward Thomas Ellsworth and Fannie C. Williams Ellsworth.",
"Her mother was one of the founders of the Eastside Settlement House in Los Angeles.",
"She attended Jefferson High School in Los Angeles; she was one of seven Black graduates from Jefferson in her year, along with Ralph Bunche.",
"She graduated from the University of Southern California in 1927.She helped establish and lead the Delta Sigma Theta chapter at USC, and represented the western chapters of the sorority at its national meeting in 1926.At one Delta event, she and journalist Fay M. Jackson, music director Roena Muckleroy Savage, and librarian Miriam Matthews were also members of the USC Delta chapter with Ellsworth."
],
[
"Career",
"Miller was a social worker and relief administrator in Los Angeles.",
"She was the first Black administrator of a social agency in Los Angeles County.",
"She was dismissed from her county administrative role during personnel cuts and agency reorganization in 1940.In the 1940s, she worked for housing programs the city of Los Angeles.",
"Miller vice-president of the Los Angeles Civic League, and a charter member of the Allied Arts League.",
"She was a life member of the NAACP, beginning with the junior branch of the Los Angeles NAACP in 1924, and remained active in Delta Sigma Theta.",
"She was also involved in the YWCA."
],
[
"Personal life",
"Ellsworth married publisher and judge Loren Miller in 1933.They had two sons, Loren Jr. and Edward.",
"Her husband died in 1967; she died in 1970, at the age of 66, in Los Angeles.",
"A large collection of her husband's papers is held in the Huntington Library."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* \"Dr. Dorothy Height, Dr. Vada Somerville, Juanita Miller, Louise Grooms, Eunice H. Carter, Mamie Davis and others at a gathering, Los Angeles, 1950s\", a photograph in the UCLA Library Digital Collections* \"Tony Curtis, Sidney Poitier, Juanita Ellsworth Miller and two others, circa 1958\", a photograph in the UCLA Library Digital Collections* Harry H. Adams, \"Juanita Ellsworth Miller and others, probably an NAACP event, Los Angeles, 1964\" photograph in the UCLA Library Digital Collections* Harry H. Adams, \"Juanita Ellsworth, Los Angeles, 1956\", a photograph in the Tom & Ethel Bradley Center Photographs collection at California State University, Northridge"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Palazzo del Collegio dei Mercanti, Piacenza"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Northern facade of palaceThe '''Palazzo del Collegio dei Mercanti''' (Palace of the College of Merchants) is a baroque-style palace located recessed and to the left of the Palazzo Gotico facing Piazza del Cavalli in the historic center of Piacenza, northern Italy.",
"It now houses the offices of the town hall and council."
],
[
"History",
"The structure was erected in 1676-1697 by the guild of merchants in the city.",
"The design was completed by Camillo Caccialupi.",
"The ground floor has an open portico with twin columns.",
"The entrance stairwell is frescoed and decorated with a statue of justice.",
"The building became part of the municipal offices in the 19th century.",
"During the 19th-century, the main hall was also used by the ''Societa Filodrammatica'' for recitals, including the work ''Demetrio'' by the abbot Bettinelli."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"American Idol (season 22)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The twenty-second season of ''American Idol'' premiered on February 18, 2024, on the ABC television network.",
"Ryan Seacrest returned as host, while Luke Bryan, Katy Perry, and Lionel Richie returned as judges.",
"The season serves as the final for Perry, who announced her departure on February 13, 2024, five days before the premiere."
],
[
"Auditions",
"The ''Idol Across America'' virtual auditions program returned.",
"Remote auditions took place from August 2 to September 8, 2023, as well as a number of open-call auditions, and from these, the producers selected the contestants who were then invited to audition in front of the judges.The \"platinum ticket\" also returned from the previous two seasons.",
"During the audition round, a total of three platinum tickets were awarded, and they gave the recipients the opportunity to advance directly to the second round of Hollywood week as well as choose their partners for that week's duet challenge before the remaining contestants were paired.",
"One of the platinum ticket recipients was Odell Bunton Jr.+''American Idol'' (season 22) – auditions City Filming date(s) Filming venue Leesburg, Georgia September 19–20, 2023 Lee County High School Tuskegee, Alabama October 2–3, 2023 Tuskegee University Santa Barbara, California October 17–18, 2023 Music Academy of the West Los Angeles, California October 24–25, 2023 Nashville, Tennessee November 11–12, 2023"
],
[
"Ratings"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"NXT Roadblock (2024)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The 2024 '''NXT Roadblock''' is the upcoming fifth Roadblock professional wrestling event produced by WWE.",
"It will be primarily for wrestlers from the NXT brand division.",
"Like the previous Roadblock event, NXT Roadblock will air as a special episode of ''NXT'' on the USA Network.",
"The television special will take place on March 5, 2024, at the WWE Performance Center in Orlando, Florida.",
"The event's title is a reference to its position on the road to NXT Stand & Deliver, NXT's WrestleMania Weekend event."
],
[
"Production",
"=== Background ===Roadblock is a professional wrestling event established by WWE in 2016.The inaugural event was held in March that year and aired exclusively on the WWE Network.",
"The event's name was a reference to its position on the \"Road to WrestleMania\".",
"In July 2016, WWE reintroduced the brand extension, where the roster was divided between brands where wrestlers were exclusively assigned to perform.",
"Roadblock was brought back that same year in December as a Raw-exclusive event under the title Roadblock: End of the Line.",
"It aired on pay-per-view (PPV) and the WWE Network with its name being in reference to being WWE's final PPV of 2016.Roadblock was then discontinued without any further events scheduled.",
"However, Roadblock was revived for the NXT brand as a television special episode of ''NXT'' titled NXT Roadblock.",
"On Vengeance Day, it was announced that the 2024 version of NXT Roadblock will take place on March 5, 2024.=== Storylines === The card will include matches that resulted from scripted storylines, where wrestlers portrayed villains, heroes, or less distinguishable characters in scripted events that built tension and culminated in a wrestling match or series of matches.",
"Results were predetermined by WWE's writers on the NXT brand, while storylines were produced on the weekly television program, ''NXT'', and the supplementary online streaming show, ''Level Up''."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"GP-7"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''GP-7''' or '''GP7''' may refer to:"
],
[
"Vehicular",
"*EMD ''GP7'', a class of locomotives* Ducati ''GP7'', a model of the racing motorcycle Ducati ''Desmosedici''* Honda ''GP7'', a model of the subcompact Honda ''Fit Shuttle''"
],
[
"Other uses",
"*(48616) 1995 GP7, a minor planet*GP-7 gas mask"
],
[
"See also",
"* * * * * GP (disambiguation)"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Echinostrephus aciculatus"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Echinostrephus aciculatus''''' is a species of sea urchin belonging to the family Echinometridae first documented by Alexander Emmanuel Rodolphe Agassiz in 1863."
],
[
"Description",
"These are regular urchins of canonical form, with the test mostly spherical, bearing a pentaradial symmetry from the mouth at the center of the oral face to the anus on the aboral face.",
"Spines are thin, pointy and of average length.The test measures from in diameter, and the color of the spines is very variable: they are often brown-purple, but can be shades of purple, brown, black, grey or off-white.",
"Those on the oral face can also have a cream color with brown-purple rings, although they are rarely visible.",
"The test ranges from black to light brown, with the bottom of the spines showing often highly contrasting rings.",
"The apical disk is dark and lacking spines, forming a highly visible disk at the apex of the test.File:Echinostrephus formosus (USNM E5682) 002.jpeg|Oral viewFile:Echinostrephus formosus (USNM E5682) 003.jpeg|Aboral viewFile:Echinostrephus aciculatus - ECH-000083 hab-dor.tif|Spineless test"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Ilex spicata"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Ilex spicata''''' is a plant in the family Aquifoliaceae, native to maritime Southeast Asia.",
"The specific epithet ''spicata'' refers to the form of the ."
],
[
"Description",
"''Ilex spicata'' grows as a shrub or tree up to tall.",
"Its smooth bark is white or grey.",
"The leathery leaves are oblong to elliptic and measure up to long, occasionally to .",
"The inflorescences, in spikes, feature white flowers.",
"The roundish fruits are red, ripening to black."
],
[
"Varieties",
"Two varieties of ''Ilex spicata'' are recognised:*''Ilex spicata'' var.",
"''spicata'' – native to Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Sulawesi, in montane forests to elevations of *''Ilex spicata'' var.",
"''harmsiana'' – endemic to Borneo, in montane forests and on ridges, to elevations of"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"The Hundred-Year Marathon"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''The Hundred-Year Marathon: China's Secret Strategy to Replace America as the Global Superpower''''' is a 2015 book by Michael Pillsbury."
],
[
"Background",
"Pillsbury was assistant undersecretary of defense for policy planning during the Reagan administration and special assistant for Asian affairs in the Office of the Secretary of Defense under the George H. W. Bush administration.",
"He had also been on the staff of four U.S. Senate Committees.In April 2023, Pillsbury was named as one of Washington D.C.’s Most Influential People of 2023."
],
[
"Synopsis",
"The book interviewed Chinese defectors and examined declassified national security documents to challenge longstanding views and assumptions in U.S. foreign policy circles that China's rise would bring more peace and prosperity to the world.In the book, Pillsbury says China's long-term strategy is to supplant the United States as the world's dominant power.",
"He bases his theory on his understanding of Chinese history (especially the Warring States period), analysis of proposals by Chinese hawks in the Chinese government and examination of the strategies used by China's military.",
"Pillsbury argues that China, drawing inspiration from the ancient Chinese strategist Sun Tzu, has been implementing its strategy largely unchallenged for decades and leads him to conclude that the U.S. misreading of the China's \"hundred-year marathon\" constitutes its greatest intelligence failure of the past 50 years.",
"He posits that China's strategy is rooted in its deep-seated sense of historical victimhood and desire to reclaim its historical preeminence in global affairs.",
"Key elements of the strategies that Pillsbury identifies include Chinese inducements to foster US complacency which prevent it from viewing China as a competitor; manipulating America's elites into supporting its policies; concealing its advancement in military technology; exploiting America's openness to gain economic and technological advantages; and shaping international institutions and norms to favor the Chinese model of governance."
],
[
"Reception",
"The book received a considerable number of reviews.",
"It was number one on ''The Washington Post'' bestseller's list in February 2015 and selected as one of the 10 best books of the year by The Christian Science Monitor.",
"Some commended Pillsbury for his depth of knowledge and insight into Chinese strategic thinking, and considered the book a wake-up call for American policymakers.",
"Others believed the book overstated China's capabilities and intentions by relying too heavily on the view of Chinese hawks and did not address competing views.A ''Washington Times'' article noted that the book, cleared for publication by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), and the Pentagon, discussed cooperation between the CIA and Chinese intelligence services to work against Russia."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"John Marzka"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''John Marzka''' (born ) is an American college football coach.",
"He is head football coach for the United States Military Academy Preparatory School, a position he has held since 2023.He was the head football coach for Albright College from 2007 to 2021.He also coached for Erie Academy, Allegheny, Fordham, Thiel, and Milford Academy.",
"He played college football for Allegheny as a center and won the 1990 NCAA Division III Football Championship.",
"In 2015, Marzka was inducted into the Allegheny College Hall of Fame."
],
[
"Head coaching record",
"===College==="
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Albright profile* Milford Academy (NY) profile* Allegheny Hall of Fame profile"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Rex Kenton Jones"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Rex Kenton Jones''' (born November 16, 1933) is an American politician.",
"He served as a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives."
],
[
"Life and career",
"Jones was born in Hattiesburg, Mississippi.",
"He attended the University of Southern Mississippi and the University of Mississippi School of Law.Jones served in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1964 to 1972."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.