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[
[
"Ohio's 17th House of Representatives district"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Ohio's 17th House of Representatives district''' is currently represented by Republican Tom Patton.",
"It is located entirely within Cuyahoga County and includes the cities of Brook Park, Fairview Park, Middleburg Heights, Rocky River, Strongsville, and part of Cleveland."
],
[
"List of members representing the district",
" Member Party Years GeneralAssembly Electoral historyDistrict established January 2, 1967.100px'''Richard Christiansen''' DemocraticJanuary 2, 1967 –December 31, 1972107th108th109thElected in 1966.Re-elected in 1968.Re-elected in 1970.Retired.",
"'''Virginia Aveni''' DemocraticJanuary 1, 1973 –December 31, 1978110th111th112thElected in 1972.Re-elected in 1974.Re-elected in 1976.Lost re-election.",
"'''Matt Hatchadorian''' RepublicanJanuary 1, 1979 –February 3, 1981113th114thElected in 1978.Re-elected in 1980.Resigned to become Cuyahoga County Auditor.",
"''Vacant'' February 3, 1981 –February 10, 1981114th'''Jeffrey L. Dean''' RepublicanFebruary 10, 1981 –December 31, 1982114thAppointed to finish Hatchadorian's term.Lost re-election.",
"'''Leroy Peterson''' DemocraticJanuary 3, 1983 –December 31, 1988115th116th117thElected in 1982.Re-elected in 1984.Re-elected in 1986.Retired to run for state senator.",
"'''Suzanne Bergansky''' DemocraticJanuary 2, 1989 –December 31, 1992118th119thElected in 1988.Re-elected in 1990.Redistricted to the 15th district and lost re-nomination.",
"'''Madeline Cain''' DemocraticJanuary 4, 1993 –December 31, 1995120th121stRedistricted from the 8th district and re-elected in 1992.Re-elected in 1994.Resigned to become mayor of Lakewood.100px'''Dan Brady''' DemocraticJanuary 3, 1996 –December 31, 1998121st122ndAppointed to finish Cain's term.Re-elected in 1996.Retired to run for state senator.",
"'''Bryan Flannery''' DemocraticJanuary 4, 1999 –December 31, 2002123rd124thElected in 1998.Re-elected in 2000.Retired to run for Ohio Secretary of State.",
"'''Jim Trakas''' RepublicanJanuary 6, 2003 –December 31, 2006125th126thRedistricted from the 15th district and re-elected in 2002.Re-elected in 2004.Term-limited.100px'''Josh Mandel''' RepublicanJanuary 1, 2007 –December 31, 2010127th128thElected in 2006.Re-elected in 2008.Retired to run for Ohio State Treasurer.",
"'''Marlene Anielski''' RepublicanJanuary 3, 2011 –December 31, 2012129thElected in 2010.Redistricted to the 6th district.",
"'''Michael Curtin''' DemocraticJanuary 7, 2013 –December 31, 2016130th131stElected in 2012.Re-elected in 2014.Retired.",
"'''Adam Miller''' DemocraticJanuary 2, 2017 –December 31, 2022132nd133rd134thElected in 2016.Re-elected in 2018.Re-elected in 2020.Redistricted to the 6th district.100px'''Tom Patton''' RepublicanJanuary 2, 2023 –present135thRedistricted from the 7th district and re-elected in 2022."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"102nd Wisconsin Legislature"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''One Hundred Second Wisconsin Legislature''' convened from January 5, 2015, through January 4, 2017, in regular session, though it adjourned for legislative activity on May 18, 2016.Senators representing odd-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first two years of a four-year term.",
"Assembly members were elected to a two-year term.",
"Assembly members and odd-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 4, 2014.Senators representing even-numbered districts were serving the third and fourth year of their four-year term, having been elected in the general election held on November 6, 2012."
],
[
"Major events",
"* January 5, 2015: Second inauguration of Scott Walker as Governor of Wisconsin.",
"* April 7, 2015: 2015 Wisconsin Spring election:** Wisconsin voters ratified an amendment to the state constitution, changing the rules for selecting the chief justice of the Wisconsin Supreme Court.",
"* April 29, 2015: Utilizing the recently passed constitutional amendment, Patience D. Roggensack became the 26th chief justice of the Wisconsin Supreme Court by a majority vote of the court's members.",
"* June 26, 2015: The United States Supreme Court published their decision in the case ''Obergefell v. Hodges'', establishing the right to marriage for same-sex couples.",
"* September 21, 2015: Wisconsin Supreme Court justice died.",
"* October 12, 2015: Wisconsin governor Scott Walker appointed Rebecca Bradley to the Wisconsin Supreme Court, to succeed * July 31, 2016: Wisconsin Supreme Court justice David Prosser Jr.",
"resigned.",
"* August 1, 2016: Wisconsin governor Scott Walker appointed Daniel Kelly to the Wisconsin Supreme Court, to succeed * October 12, 2016: Wisconsin state senator Rick Gudex died in office.",
"* November 8, 2016: 2016 United States general election:** Donald Trump (R) elected President of the United States.",
"** Ron Johnson (R) re-elected United States senator from Wisconsin."
],
[
"Major legislation",
"* July 13, 2015: An Act relating to: state finances and appropriations, constituting the executive budget act of the 2015 legislature, 2015 Act 55.",
"* December 17, 2015: An Act relating to: reorganizing the Government Accountability Board, requiring the exercise of rule-making authority, and making appropriations, 2015 Act 118.Abolished the Wisconsin Government Accountability Board and replaced it with the Wisconsin Elections Commission and the Wisconsin Ethics Commission."
],
[
"Party summary",
"===Senate summary===Senate Partisan composition Party (Shading indicates majority caucus)TotalDemocraticRepublicanVacant End of previous Legislature 15 16 31 2 Start of Reg.",
"Session 14 18 32 1 From Apr.",
"15, 2015 19 33 0 From Jul.",
"17, 2015 18 32 1 From Aug. 6, 2015 19 33 0 From Oct. 12, 2016 18 32 1Final voting share Beginning of the next Legislature 13 20 33 0===Assembly summary===Assembly Partisan composition Party (Shading indicates majority caucus)TotalDemocraticRepublican Vacant End of previous Legislature 39 60 99 0 Start of Reg.",
"Session 36 63 99 0 From Aug. 6, 2015 62 98 1 From Oct. 9, 2015 63 99 0 Final voting share Beginning of the next Legislature 35 64 99 0"
],
[
"Sessions",
"* '''Regular session:''' January 5, 2015January 4, 2017"
],
[
"Leadership",
"===Senate leadership===* President of the Senate: Mary Lazich (R–New Berlin) * President pro tempore: Rick Gudex (R–Fond du Lac) ;Senate majority leadership (Republican)* Senate Majority Leader: Scott L. Fitzgerald (R–Juneau)* Assistant Majority Leader: Paul Farrow (R–Pewaukee) ** Leah Vukmir (R–Wauwatosa) * Senate Majority Caucus Chair: Sheila Harsdorf (R–River Falls)* Senate Majority Caucus Vice Chair: Van H. Wanggaard (R–Racine);Senate minority leadership (Democratic)* Senate Minority Leader: Jennifer Shilling (D–La Crosse)* Assistant Minority Leader: Dave Hansen (D–Green Bay) * Senate Minority Caucus Chair: Julie Lassa (D–Stevens Point) * Senate Minority Caucus Vice Chair: Kathleen Vinehout (D–Alma)===Assembly leadership===* Speaker of the Assembly: Robin Vos (R–Burlington)* Speaker pro tempore: Tyler August (R–Lake Geneva);Assembly majority leadership (Republican)* Assembly Majority Leader: Jim Steineke (R–Kaukauna)* Assistant Majority Leader: Dan Knodl (R–Germantown)* Assembly Majority Caucus Chair: John Murtha (R–Baldwin)* Assembly Majority Caucus Vice Chair: Lee Nerison (R–Westby)* Assembly Majority Caucus Secretary: Jessie Rodriguez (R–Franklin)* Assembly Majority Caucus Sergeant-at-Arms: Samantha Kerkman (R–Salem);Assembly minority leadership (Democratic)* Assembly Minority Leader: Peter Barca (D–Kenosha)* Assistant Minority Leader: Katrina Shankland (D–Stevens Point)* Assembly Minority Caucus Chair: Andy Jorgensen (D–Fort Atkinson)* Assembly Minority Caucus Vice Chair: JoCasta Zamarripa (D–Milwaukee)* Assembly Minority Caucus Secretary: Beth Meyers (D–Bayfield)* Assembly Minority Caucus Sergeant-at-Arms: Josh Zepnick (D–Milwaukee)"
],
[
"Members",
"===Members of the Senate===Members of the Senate for the One Hundred Second Wisconsin Legislature:Senate partisan representation Dist.",
"Senator Party Age(2015) Home Firstelected 01 Rep. Ledgeview, Brown County 2010 02 Rep. Green Bay, Brown County 1987 03 Dem.",
"Milwaukee, Milwaukee County 2002 04 Dem.",
"Milwaukee, Milwaukee County 2004 05 Rep. Wauwatosa, Milwaukee County 2010 06 Dem.",
"Milwaukee, Milwaukee County 2012 07 Dem.",
"Milwaukee, Milwaukee County 2010 08 Rep. River Hills, Milwaukee County 1992 09 Rep. Oostburg, Sheboygan County 2014 10 Rep. River Falls, Pierce County 2000 11 Rep. La Grange, Walworth County 2014 12 Rep. Little Rice, Oneida County 2012 13 Rep. Juneau, Dodge County 1994 14 Rep. Ripon, Fond du Lac County 2004 15 Dem.",
"Evansville, Rock County 2014 16 Dem.",
"Monona, Dane County 2004 17 Rep. Spring Green, Sauk County 2014 18 Rep. Fond du Lac, Fond du Lac County 2012 ''--Vacant from Oct. 12, 2016--'' 19 Rep. Appleton, Outagamie County 2014 20 ''--Vacant until Apr.",
"15, 2015--'' Rep. Saukville, Ozaukee County 2015 21 Rep. Racine, Racine County 2010 22 Dem.",
"Somers, Kenosha County 1996 23 Rep. Chippewa Falls, Chippewa County 2010 24 Dem.",
"Stevens Point, Portage County 2003 25 Dem.",
"Mason, Bayfield County 2014 26 Dem.",
"Madison, Dane County 1962 27 Dem.",
"Middleton, Dane County 1998 28 Rep. New Berlin, Waukesha County 1998 29 Rep. Marathon, Marathon County 2012 30 Dem.",
"Green Bay, Brown County 2000 31 Dem.",
"Alma, Buffalo County 2006 32 Dem.",
"La Crosse, La Crosse County 2011 33 Rep. Pewaukee, Waukesha County 2012 Rep. Delafield, Waukesha County 2015===Members of the Assembly===Members of the Assembly for the One Hundred Second Wisconsin Legislature:Assembly partisan representation SenateDistrictAssemblyDistrictRepresentativePartyAge(2015)HomeFirstElected 01 01 Rep. Sturgeon Bay 2014 02 Rep. De Pere 2010 03 Rep. Brillion 1986 02 04 Rep. Howard 2014 05 Rep. Kaukauna 2010 06 Rep. Bonduel 2006 03 07 Dem.",
"Milwaukee 2012 08 Dem.",
"Milwaukee 2010 09 Dem.",
"Milwaukee 2002 04 10 Dem.",
"Milwaukee 2014 11 Dem.",
"Milwaukee 2012 12 Dem.",
"Milwaukee 1960 05 13 Rep. Brookfield 2012 14 Rep. Brookfield 2010 15 Rep. New Berlin 2012 06 16 Dem.",
"Milwaukee 1992 17 Dem.",
"Milwaukee 2012 18 Dem.",
"Milwaukee 2012 07 19 Dem.",
"Milwaukee 1998 20 Dem.",
"Bay View 1998 21 Rep. Franklin 2013 08 22 Rep. Menomonee Falls 2014 23 Rep. Mequon 2006 24 Rep. Germantown 2008 09 25 Rep. Manitowoc 2012 26 Rep. Oostburg 2014 27 Rep. Plymouth 2014 10 28 Rep. Balsam Lake 2014 29 Rep. Baldwin 2006 30 Rep. Hudson 2010 11 31 Rep. Clinton 2010 32 Rep. Lake Geneva 2010 33 Rep. Mukwonago 2014 12 34 Rep. Rhinelander 2012 35 Rep. Birch 2012 36 Rep. Crivitz 2004 13 37 Rep. Watertown 2012 38 Rep. Oconomowoc 2004 39 Rep. Beaver Dam 2012 14 40 Rep. Waupaca 2006 41 Rep. Markesan 2004 42 Rep. Lodi 2008 15 43 Dem.",
"Fort Atkinson 2006 44 Dem.",
"Janesville 2012 45 Dem.",
"Beloit 2014 16 46 Dem.",
"Sun Prairie 2004 47 Dem.",
"Monona 2012 48 Dem.",
"Madison 2012 17 49 Rep. Cuba City 2010 50 Rep. Reedsburg 2008 51 Rep. Dodgeville 2014 18 52 Rep. Fond du Lac 2010 53 Rep. Oshkosh 2008 54 Dem.",
"Oshkosh 2006 19 55 Rep. Neenah 2014 56 Rep. Greenville 2012 57 Dem.",
"Appleton 2014 20 58 Rep. Slinger 2014 59 Rep. Kewaskum 2014 60 Rep. Saukville 2014 21 61 Rep. Salem 2000 62 Rep. Caledonia 2012 63 Rep. Burlington 2004 22 64 Dem.",
"Kenosha 1993 65 Dem.",
"Kenosha 2012 66 Dem.",
"Racine 2006 23 67 Rep. Colfax 2010 68 Rep. Chippewa Falls 2010 69 Rep. Stratford 2013 24 70 Rep. Tomah 2014 71 Dem.",
"Stevens Point 2012 72 Rep. Rome 2010 25 73 Dem.",
"Parkland 2008 74 Dem.",
"Bayfield 2014 75 Rep. Rice Lake 2014 26 76 Dem.",
"Madison 2011 77 Dem.",
"Madison 1998 78 Dem.",
"Madison 2014 27 79 Dem.",
"Middleton 2012 80 Dem.",
"Cross Plains 2002 81 Dem.",
"Baraboo 2014 28 82 Rep. Franklin 2013 83 Rep. Big Bend 2011 84 Rep. New Berlin 2010 29 85 Rep. Wausau 2014 86 Rep. Marshfield 2012 87 Rep.",
"True 2014 30 88 Rep. De Pere 2014 89 Rep. Marinette 2006 90 Dem.",
"Green Bay 2012 31 91 Dem.",
"Eau Claire 2008 92 Dem.",
"Trempealeau 2008 93 Rep. Eleva 2010 32 94 Dem.",
"Onalaska 2011 95 Dem.",
"La Crosse 2011 96 Rep. Westby 2004 33 97 Rep. Waukesha 2014 98 Rep. Pewaukee 2013 99 Rep. Delafield 2010 Rep. Delafield 2015"
],
[
"Employees",
"===Senate employees===* Chief Clerk: Jeffrey Renk* Sergeant-at-Arms: Edward A. Blazel===Assembly employees===* Chief Clerk: Patrick E. Fuller* Sergeant-at-Arms: Anne Tonnon Byers"
],
[
"Notes"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* 2015: Related Documents from Wisconsin Legislature"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Goonew"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Markelle Antonio Morrow''', professionally known as '''Goonew''', was an American rapper known for his contributions to the hip-hop scene.Rising to prominence in the DMV rap scene, Goonew gained attention for his whisper flow style and lyricism.",
"His music often explored themes of street life, personal experiences, indulging in street narcotics, and the challenges of urban environments.",
"Goonew's career was marked by collaborations with artists including Lil Yachty, Hoodrich Pablo Juan, Xanman ,ASAP Ant and more.",
"the release of several mixtapes that garnered him a growing fan base.Goonew died on March 18, 2022 from a gunshot wound."
],
[
"Discography",
"=== Studio albums & Mixtapes ===+TitleAlbum details'''''Certified Goon'''''* Released: August 22, 2017 * Label: Independent* Format: Digital download, streaming'''''Beware of Goon'''''* Released:November 14, 2017 * Label: Independent* Format: Digital download, streamingHomicide boyz* Released: January 1, 2018 * Label: Independent* Format: Digital download, streamingGoonwick*Released: February 9, 2018 * Label: Independent* Format: Digital download, streamingBig 64* Released: July 10, 2018 * Label: Independent* Format: Digital download, streamingGoonrich Urkel*Released: October 31, 2018 * Label: Independent* Format: Digital download, streamingGoonwick 2*Released: March 13, 2020 * Label: Independent* Format: Digital download, streamingHomicide Boyz 2* Released: August 22, 2018* Label: Independent* Format: Digital Download, Streaming'''Still Servin'''(Album)* Released: February 28, 2019* Label: Independent* Format: Digital Download, StreamingBack From Hell* Released: October 1, 2019* Label: Independent* Format: Digital Download, StreamingBig64 2* Released: June 19, 2020 * Label: Independent* Format: Digital Download, StreamingShort Temper* Released: March 26, 2021* Label: Independent* Format: Digital Download, Streaming"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Jonathan M. Smith"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Jonathan M. Smith''' is the Olga and Alberico Pompa Professor of Engineering and Applied Science at the University of Pennsylvania.",
"He was named an IEEE Fellow for his contributions to the technology of high-speed networking, and he received the OSD Medal for Exceptional Public Service for his service at DARPA."
],
[
"Career",
"Smith completed his B.A.",
"in Mathematics at Boston College in 1981 and then joined Bell Labs as a member of the technical staff, focusing on UNIX internals, tools, and distributed computing technology.",
"In 1983 he earned an M.S.",
"degree from Columbia through the OYOC (One Year On Campus) program at Bell Labs, followed by a PhD from Columbia in 1989, using several eight-month leaves of absence.",
"He then joined the Department of Computer and Information Science at the University of Pennsylvania as an Assistant Professor.",
"He was promoted to Associate Professor with tenure in 1995, spent a sabbatical at Cambridge University's Computer Laboratory in 1997, and became a Professor in 1999.In 2003, he was appointed the first incumbent of the newly created Olga and Alberico Pompa Professorship at Penn Engineering.From 2004 to 2006, Smith served as a program manager in DARPA's Information Processing Techniques Office, where he led several exploratory research programs in computer and communication systems.",
"At the end of his tour, he was awarded the OSD Medal for Exceptional Public Service.",
"Smith later returned to DARPA for a second tour as program manager from 2017 to 2021."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"NJstar"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''NJstar''' (), also known as '''NJstar Software Company''', is an Australian software company.",
"'''NJstar Communicator''' () and '''NJstar Word Processor''' () were originally developed for PC platforms, to enable the English version of Windows 9x to support the display and input of Chinese, Japanese or Korean language.",
"In 1990s, NJstar software is installed in many computer rooms and Internet cafes in Australia, to facilitate communication between Asian students and their relatives.Later, because Windows XP has better multi-language support built-in, the use of NJstar has been reduced."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* NJstar"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Dance in Kyrgyzstan"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Kyrgyz theatrical dancers'''Dance in Kyrgyzstan''' includes reconstructed traditional dances and modern theatrical dance.",
"No descriptions of traditional dances exist; all of the modern folk dances are created after the establishment of the Soviet rule in Central Asia.",
"Theatrical dance flourished during the 20th century with many innovative ballet performances and choreographed dancing in opera."
],
[
"Traditional dance",
"Ala-kiyiz in makingThe earliest mentions of Kyrgyz dance are found in the Epic of Manas, however, no descriptions of traditional dance survived.",
"It is theorised that the dance mentionned in Manas might be close to the Mongol Biyelgee and that hand movements were the most prominent element of the traditional dance.",
"Russian travelers also include several passing mentions of Kyrgyz people entertaining themselves with dancing, but provide no details.",
"Dance movements are incorporated in the performances of komuz players, ''kuuduldar'' jesters () and in some games.",
"The reason why Kyrgyz dance did not survive is not clear, but might have been hard to preserve due to the nomadic lifestyle of the pre-modern Kyrgyz.A renewed interest in traditional dance emerged in the 1930s, under the Soviet rule; the choreographers often used folk games and crafts as a source of inspiration.",
"For example, the ''kijiz'' women's dance () includes felting movements for making ala kiyiz.The permanent national theatrical folk dance company was established in 1966 led by ."
],
[
"Theatrical dance",
"\"Cholpon\" balletThe , the first Kyrgyz academic dance studio, was established in Bishkek in 1926 as a music and drama studio.",
"In 1936, the studio was renamed to a music and drama theatre; , the head of its ballet company, created dance parties for numerous plays and operas such as , , , the first Kyrgyz ballet and others.Other important ballets are Cholpon (, 1944) choreographed by Lev Kramarevsky, the first comedic ballet Kujruchuk (, 1960) choreographed by .In late 1960s, the main theme of Kyrgyz ballet shifted to stories about bravery and heroism, such as the new productions of Spartacus and 's ''Prometheus'', 's ''Ôlbôstùk'' () and others.",
"Kyrgyz writer Chinghiz Aitmatov's works became inspirations for several ballets such as ''Samanchynyn zholu'' ().",
"The principal ballet dancers of Kyrgyzstan are , , , , , , Makhmud Esambayev, Kemel Suleimanov and .The National school of ballet was founded in 1980; Aidai Shukurbekova () served as its first director."
],
[
"Notes"
],
[
"References",
"* * * *"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Catherine McNeur"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Catherine McNeur''' is an associate professor of history at Portland State University.",
"An environmental historian, she has focused on the nineteenth-century United States, urban public spaces, and the history of science."
],
[
"Background and education",
"McNeur began her studies at New York University in Urban Design and Architecture Studies with minors in Political Science and Metropolitan Studies, graduating with honors in 2003.She earned her Master of Arts (2006), Master of Philosophy (2008), and Doctor of Philosophy (2012) degrees in history from Yale University studying with John Mack Faragher, Joanne Freeman, and David W. Blight.",
"Her dissertation, \"The Swinish Multitude and Fashionable Promenades\" won Yale University's John Addison Porter Prize, the Urban History Association's Award for Best Dissertation, and the American Society for Environmental History's Rachel Carson Prize."
],
[
"Career and scholarship",
"After a Bernard and Irene Schwartz Postdoctoral Fellowship at the New-York Historical Society and the New School, McNeur became an assistant professor at Portland State University in 2013, earning tenure in 2017.McNeur published her first book, ''Taming Manhattan: Environmental Battles in the Antebellum City'' (Harvard University Press, 2014), an environmental history of New York in the early nineteenth century that looked at the ways social unrest and urbanization were entangled in environmental issues from the unequal distribution of parks to pigs running freely on the streets.",
"The book was well received and won book prizes from the American Society for Environmental History, the New York Society Library, the Victorian Society of New York, and the Society for Historians of the Early American Republic.In 2023, McNeur published her second book, ''Mischievous Creatures: The Forgotten Sisters Who Transformed Early American Science'' (Basic Books, 2023) having uncovered the lives of the entomologist Margaretta Hare Morris and botanist Elizabeth Carrington Morris while researching a different project.",
"The book is not only a double biography of the sisters and their work, but also a rumination on why authors keep stumbling over hidden figures.",
"McNeur has taught courses at Portland State University on writing biographies of marginalized scientists for Wikipedia, partnering with WikiEDU.=== Awards ===* John Addison Porter Prize (2012)* Urban History Association's Michael Katz Award for Best Dissertation (2012)* American Society for Environmental History's Rachel Carson Prize for Best Dissertation (2013)* New York Society Library's Hornblower Award for a First Book (2014)* American Society for Environmental History's George Perkins Marsh Prize (2015)* Victorian Society of New York Metropolitan Book Award (2015)* Society for Historians of the Early American Republic's James H. Broussard Best First Book Prize (2015)=== Publications ======= Books ====* '' Taming Manhattan: Environmental Battles in the Antebellum City'' (Harvard University Press, 2014, paperback 2017)* '' Mischievous Creatures: The Forgotten Sisters Who Transformed Early American Science'' (Basic Books, 2023)"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Charles Rooke"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Charles Vaughan Rooke''' (24 September 1869 — 6 January 1946) was an Irish rugby union international.Rooke, born in Dublin, was the son of Thomas and Adelaide Rooke.",
"After receiving private education in Germany and Switzerland, he continued his studies at Trinity College Dublin, graduating with a BA degree.A forward, filling the role of a modern-day flanker or wing-forward, Rooke won two Leinster Senior Cups with the Dublin University first XV, from where he was first capped by Ireland.",
"He was a Triple Crown winner with Ireland in 1894 and captained the team for a match against Scotland in the 1895 Home Nations.",
"Capped a then record 19 times for Ireland, Rooke was playing for Dublin-based club Monkstown by the end of his Test career.Rooke retired from rugby in 1900 and had two years as an Ireland selector, before being ordained into the Anglican ministry.",
"He ministered in County Kerry and was married in 1910 to Jane F. Sealy, with whom he had five children.",
"The family emigrated to New Zealand in 1919 and from 1924 to 1942 he was vicar at Wellington's St Thomas's parish."
],
[
"See also",
"*List of Ireland national rugby union players"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Hassan Mortazavi Shahroudi"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Seyed Hassan Mortazavi Shahroudi''' , is an Iranian Ayatollah.",
"He currently teaches Fiqh in Darse Khariji levels in Mashhad Islamic Seminary, and was one of the students of Ruhollah Khomeini in Najaf."
],
[
"Early life and education",
"Shahroudi was born in Shahrud, a city in Semnan province.",
"When he was young, he began the basics of his Islamic studies in Shahrud, until he migrated to Mashhad at the age of 15.In Mashhad, he truly began the principles of Islamic studies.",
"There, he was taught by the likes of Hashem Qazvini, Mohammad Hadi al-Milani, Mirza Ahmad Modares Yazdi, Mohammad Kazem Damghani, and Hossein Shahroudi.At the age of 25, Shahroudi left to Najaf to study in the Najaf Seminary.",
"While in Najaf, Shahroudi was able to complete his advanced Islamic Studies, and attained Ijtihad.",
"He was taught by several prominent scholars, such as, Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei, Muhsin al-Hakim, Seyed Mohammad Hossein Shahroudi, Hossein Heli, and Ruhollah Khomeini.Shahroudi did travel to Qom for family matters while he was attending Najaf seminary, however had issues going back to Najaf.",
"As a result of this, he stayed in Qom to attend classes in Qom Seminary by Hossein Borujerdi and Seyed Mohammad Mohaqeq Damad."
],
[
"Teaching career",
"Shahroudi's teaching career started when he was in Najaf.",
"He taught high-level advanced Islamic courses in Najaf's Dar al-Hikma School, such as works on Usul Al-Fiqh by Murtadha al-Ansari, Fariad al-Usul (Rasa'l), and Makasib.",
"In addition to this, he also taught works by Muhammad Kazim Khurasani, Kifayat al-Usul.",
"He also taught other advanced courses related to Darse Kharij.",
"As a result of these advanced classes, he was able to teach many students in Najaf, such as Mohammed Ridha al-Sistani, Arif Hussain Hussaini, Seyed Ahmad Madadi, Seyed Javad Shahrestani, Mohsen Araki, Muhammad Baqir Movahed Najafi, Seyed Ali Ridha Haydari Najafi, Seyed Reza Borqei Modares, and others.After receiving pressure from Saddam Hussein's Ba'athist Iraq during the Iran–Iraq War, Shahroudi fled to Iran.",
"He left to Mashhad, and continued both his studies, and his teaching career there.",
"Since 1980, he has grown the Mashhad Seminary with his presence and his courses, teaching hundreds of students every year.",
"He has went on to teach a number of vast topics derived from Fiqh such as Hajj, Qisas, Ijitihad & Taqlid, Khums, Riba, Fasting, Iʿtikāf, Diya, Qada, and Hudud.",
"As a result of his success in Mashhad, the Supreme Leader of Iran, Ali Khamenei chose Shahroudi as his representative in the Supreme Council in the Khorasan Seminary."
],
[
"Works",
"Some of his works:*Kitab al-Bai: Lessons of Earnings (5 Volumes)"
],
[
"See also",
"* List of Ayatollahs* Quranic studies* Shia clergy* Ali Karimi Jahromi* Islamic studies"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Chobe (Botswana constituency)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Chobe''' is a constituency in the Chobe District represented in the National Assembly of Botswana since 2014 by Machana Shamukuni a BDP MP and the current Minister of Justice of Botswana."
],
[
"Constituency profile",
"The constituency was created in 2002 with the division of Maun/Chobe into three constituencies (Maun West, Maun East and Chobe).",
"Since its creation Chobe has mainly voted for BDP candidates, except in 2009, when it voted for the BCP.",
"It is encompasses all of Chobe District and contains the following villages:# Kasane# Lesoma# Mabele# Muchenje# Pandamatenga# Kachikau# Kavimba# Satau# Parakarungu# Kazungula"
],
[
"Members of Parliament",
"'''Key:''' Election Winner Duncan Mlazie Gibson Nshimwe Machana Shamukuni"
],
[
"Election results",
"===2019 election======2014 election======2009 election======2004 election==="
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Audrea Kreye"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Lillian Audrea Coddington Kreye''' (February 16, 1919 – April 3, 2010), known professionally as “Audrea Kreye,” was an American educator and artist, metalsmith and jewelry designer, who was particularly known for her anticlastic and enameled jewelry as well as her liturgical and religious metalworks in silver."
],
[
"Early life",
"Kreye was born in Plainfield, New Jersey, the daughter of Lillian Fedderman and William Coddington.",
"Kreye graduated from Plainfield High School in 1935 and received her B.A.",
"from Keuka College in Keuka, New York, and her M.A.",
"from Columbia University's Teacher's College in New York City.",
"She spent the first part of her career as a teacher of French, history and civics in New Jersey at Bound Brook High School, located in Bound Brook, New Jersey, from 1943 through 1960.She departed her position due to her marriage to Warren C. Kreye and their impending move to Dayton, Ohio.Though she began her career as a public school teacher, she had been interested for many years in jewelry design and manufacture, with some sources dating that interest to the early 1930s when she was a teenager.",
"She began designing and making her own jewelry and had her first known public exhibition was in 1955 at the Barbizon Plaza Art Gallery in New York City with members of the Craft Students League of the Plainfield Y.W.C.A."
],
[
"Career",
"Kreye was a student of the Finnish-American metalsmith, Heikki Seppä.",
"She became known for her work as a maker of anticlastic jewelry, where individual pieces were formed out of single sheets of metal, which in the case of Kreye, was primarily done utilizing copper or silver.",
"She also utilized the talents of her husband, a chemist, who in the late 1960s/early 1970s helped her devise methods of using electroplating in her work.",
"During this period, she experimented with mixing glass and stained glass into her pieces, as was noted in the book ''The Complete Book of Creative Glass Art'' by Polly Rothenberg (1974).By the early 1970s Kreye was teaching jewelry making at the YWCA in Kettering, Ohio.",
"In the mid-1970s she also began teaching copper enameling at the Dayton Senior Citizens’ Center.",
"From roughly 1982 until the early 2000s Kreye was a regular instructor at the Riverbend Art Center in Dayton, a period when her work was featured in ''American Craft Magazine''.",
"While at Riverbend, she taught numerous local artists the techniques of metalworking and jewelry making."
],
[
"Death",
"Kreye died on April 3, 2010 in a long-term care facility near Dayton.",
"She was interred in Woodland Cemetery and Arboretum.In 2023, a portion of her estate was acquired by Sloane Square Gallery, an arts and antiques gallery located in Huntington, West Virginia, where they are currently offered for sale.Audrea Kreye, Anticlastic silver ringlet necklace"
],
[
"Exhibitions",
"*1955 – Barbizon Plaza Art Gallery, New York City, with members of the Craft Students League of the Plainfield Y.W.C.A.",
"*1975 – “Liturgical Art V,” Schumacher Gallery at Capital University, Columbus, Ohio.",
"*1980 – Fifth Street Gallery, Dayton, Ohio.",
"*1984 – Dayton Art Institute (where she demonstrated her technique outside the Museum Store).",
"*1984 – “Religious Art ‘84, Midwest Biennial II,” St. Paul's Church Mart, Cincinnati, Ohio (where she received a Best-in-Show)*1991 – exhibiting and demonstrating jewelry making at the Stillwater Trading Company, Dayton, Ohio.",
"*1993 – UNKNOWN EXHIBITION: Reviewed in the ''New Art Examiner'': “Audrea Kreye's silver serpentine chalice and Laura Marth's giddy aluminum menorahs are celebratory paraphrases of traditional ceremonial vessels…”*1998 – “Works of Faith: Contemporary Judaic Art,” Troy-Hayner Cultural Center, Troy, Ohio.",
"*1999 – “16th Biennial Juried Exhibition of the Liturgical Art Guild,” Schumacher Gallery at Capital University, Columbus, Ohio.",
"*1999 – Wetlands Gallery, Dayton, Ohio (where she was one of the founders).",
"*2001 – “Art in the Park,” DeWeese Park, Dayton, Ohio.",
"*2003 – “Spirited Vessel,” exhibition by Kentucky Guild of Artists and Craftsmen at the Yeiser Arts Center, Paducah, Kentucky.",
"*2006 – “Painting with Fire: Masters of Enameling in America, 1930-1980,” Long Beach Museum of Art, Long Beach, California, 2006 (discussed in catalog)."
],
[
"Gallery",
"A pair of mixed metal earringsExamples of Kreye's early liturgical works in silverA silver chalice with gold washed interiorA pair of silver candlesticksA chalice and covered communion bowl"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Xiang River Storm and Thunder"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Maoist Red Guards Xiang River Storm and Thunder Advancement Column''' (), better known simply as the '''Xiang River Storm and Thunder''' (), was a Maoist rebel group founded in October 1966 with the help of the rebel organizations in Beijing during the Cultural Revolution.",
"By early 1967, it had become the largest rebel organization in Hunan, with over one million members."
],
[
"History",
"The organization was established in mid-October 1966 and was supported by the rebels in Beijing.",
"The organization takes its name from a river that flows through Hunan, the Xiangjiang River.",
"The organization grew thereafter until the conflict in Shanghai spilled over into Hunan, creating a confrontation between the organization and the People's Liberation Army (PLA).",
"In January 1967, some disgruntled PLA members formed an alliance with the Xiang River Storm and Thunder, and the following month, senior PLA officers called for the suppression of the Xiang River Storm and Thunder, citing the \"black five categories\" as the reason.The Xiang River Storm and Thunder resumed its activities after the summer of 1967, after which a member became involved in the local revolutionary committee.",
"However, the Xiang River Storm and Thunder and the other rebels still had serious disagreements over whether they should cooperate with the original government.",
"Much later that year, a significant portion of the members of the Xiang River Storm and Thunder were involved in the founding of the Hunan Provincial Proletarian Revolutionary Great Alliance Committee.On February 21, 1968, the Xiang River Storm and Thunder and other major rebel organizations announced that they were disbanding and joining the local revolutionary committee."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Nurses and Midwives WA"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Nurses and Midwives WA''' ('''NMWA''') is an Australian political party, founded in 2023 by the Australian Nursing Federation (ANF).The idea of registering a political party was first floated by the ANF in August 2023, and was formalised months later in November.The party achieved the 500 members needed for registration in February 2024 and plans to contest the 2025 Western Australian state election, running candidates in the Legislative Council."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Yousef Abu Jalboush"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Yousef Abdelrahman Yousef Abu Jalboush''' (; born 29 May 1998), sometimes known as '''Sisa''', is a Jordanian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Al-Faisaly SC and the Jordan national team."
],
[
"Club career",
"Abu Jalboush began his senior career in the Jordanian Pro League with Al-Faisaly SC in 2017.On 5 December 2019, he went to Qatar for surgery to fix a tear in the Fibular collateral ligament and partial tear in the cruciate ligament.",
"On 5 January 2022, he extended his contract with Al-Faisaly for 2 more seasons.",
"He had a short stint with the Kuwait Premier League club Kazma on 20 January 2022.He returned to Al-Faisaly in May 2022, and with them won two Jordanian Pro Leagues, two Jordan FA Cups, two Jordan Shield Cups, and two Jordan Super Cups."
],
[
"International career",
"Abu Jalboush was first called up to the senior Jordan national team in a friendly 2–0 win over Tajikistan on 1 February 2021.He was called up to the national team for the 2023 AFC Asian Cup."
],
[
"Personal life",
"Abu Jalboush gained the nickname '''Sisa''' as a child after his father, who was known as \"Abu Sisa\" by his friends."
],
[
"Honours",
";Al-Faisaly SC*Jordanian Pro League: 2018–19, 2022*Jordan FA Cup: 2018–19, 2021*Jordan Shield Cup: 2022, 2023*Jordan Super Cup: 2017, 2020"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* *"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"The Boys Who Said No!"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''The Boys Who Said No!'''''",
"is a 2020 American documentary film directed by Judith Ehrlich about the anti-war and draft resistance movement in Oakland, California, which developed in opposition to the United States' involvement in the Vietnam War in the late 1960s and early 1970s.",
"The film features interviews with such activists as Joan Baez, Daniel Ellsberg, David Harris, Randy Kehler, Mark Rudd, Michael Ferber, and Cleveland Sellers.",
"''The Boys Who Said No!''",
"had its world premiere virtually at the Mill Valley Film Festival (MVFF) on October 8, 2020."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* *"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Annie Krohn"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Annie Krohn''' (born February 1890) was an Indonesian actress who was active in the 1930s.",
"She was known for her role as Raden Ajeng Karina in ''Karina's Zelfopoffering'' (1932)."
],
[
"Life and career",
"Krohn in an advertisement for ''Karina's Zelfopoffering'' (1932)Krohn was born in February 1890 as the eldest daughter and seven child of the nine children of Anna (née Bettenhausen; b.",
"1853) and Henry Krohn Sr. (b.",
"1960), both from Germany.",
"She had four older brothers, John (b.",
"1879), George (b.",
"1882), Henry Jr. (b.",
"1886), and Edward Krohn (b.",
"1888), and a younger sister, Lydia Krohn (b.",
"1892).",
"She was of Dutch descent.Krohn was married to Flip Carli, a producer and director, and later became an actress at his company, Cosmos Film, who later turned into Kinowerk Carli in Bandung.",
"She made her film debut in silent ''De Stem des Bloeds'' (also known as ''Nyai Siti''; 1930), as an Indo girl, and later starred in ''Karina's Zelfopoffering'' (1932), as a Surakarta women."
],
[
"Filmography",
" Year Film Role Notes 1930 ''De Stem des Bloeds'' Annie '''Lost''' film 1931 ''Sarinah'' '''Lost''' film 1932 ''Karina's Zelfopoffering'' Raden Ajeng Karina '''Lost''' film"
],
[
"Citations",
"===Works cited===* * ===References==="
],
[
"External links"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Zambales Ophiolite Complex"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Zambales Ophiolite Complex''' (also called '''Zambales Ophiolite''') is a large, well-preserved exposure of oceanic crust located in the western portion of Luzon Island, Philippines.",
"It is considered one of the best-preserved and most studied ophiolites, offering valuable insights into the formation and evolution of oceanic crust and the processes involved in plate tectonics."
],
[
"Composition",
"The ophiolite is composed of two distinct blocks with different ages:* ''Acoje Block'': This block has an age of Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous age.",
"It is composed of island arc tholeiite, which is a type of volcanic rock formed in an island arc setting.",
"* ''Coto Block'': This block has an age of Eocene.",
"It is composed of transitional mid-ocean ridge basalt-island arc tholeiite, which suggests that it formed in a more complex tectonic setting than the Acoje Block."
],
[
"Geological studies and significance",
"The ophiolite has been the subject of numerous geological studies, and it continues to be an important resource for understanding the formation and evolution of oceanic crust.",
"It is also a popular destination for geotourism, offering visitors a chance to see and learn about one of the Earth's most important geological features."
],
[
"Mining operation",
"The ophiolite in the Philippines boasts abundant mineral resources, attracting interest from mining companies.",
"Primarily targeted minerals include chromite, crucial for stainless steel, along with nickel, manganese, and copper, valuable for various industries.",
"Mining methods predominantly involve open-pit and underground techniques to access deposits.",
"However, these operations are contentious due to their environmental and social ramifications.",
"Environmental impacts encompass habitat destruction, water and air pollution, and land degradation, posing threats to biodiversity and human health.",
"Socially, mining leads to community displacement, health risks, and disruptions to livelihoods like farming and fishing.",
"Consequently, local communities and environmental organizations oppose mining in the ZOC, emphasizing its ecological sensitivity.",
"Despite governmental regulations aimed at mitigating these impacts, ongoing debates persist regarding the balance between economic development and environmental preservation.",
"As a result, some mining activities continue in the ZOC, while others face suspension or cancellation, reflecting the ongoing struggle to reconcile conflicting interests and concerns."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Paul Richards (Montana politician)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Paul Richards''' (born July 27, 1954) is an American politician.",
"He served as a Democratic member of the Montana House of Representatives."
],
[
"Life and career",
"Richards attended the University of Montana and Evergreen State College.Richards served in the Montana House of Representatives from 1975 to 1976."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"China's War Reporters"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''China’s War Reporters: The Legacy of Resistance against Japan''''' is a non-fiction book by Parks M. Coble, published in 2015 by Harvard University Press.",
"It describes the practice of journalism during the Second Sino-Japanese War and its aftermath.John Jenks of Dominican University stated that the work is about \"politics of war, ideology, nationalism, and memory\", while \"war reporting\" is not truly its focus.",
"Sheng Mao of Academia Sinica wrote that the title does not fully reflect what the work discusses as the content has a larger scope."
],
[
"Background",
"Sourcing includes material from people who backed the Chinese in the war, including essays, magazines, and newspapers.Coble argued that the Kuomintang (KMT), and not the Japanese military, caused the \"Black Saturday Incident\"."
],
[
"Content",
"Information on these writers and journalists during the Second Sino-Japanese War is in the initial five chapters.",
"These portions do not contain biographical information on the journalists, but instead covers information about their writings.",
"Works of Cao Juren, Fan Changjiang, Hu Yuzhi, Zou Taofen, Jin Zhonghua, and others are discussed.",
"These writers were a part of the National Salvation Movement.",
"Some wartime biographical data on Fan and Tou, along with that of several people working in banking and several businesspersons, are discussed in the fourth chapter.The fate of these journalists, post-1949, is covered in the following two chapters.",
"The public in general forgot about the contributions of these writers, something discussed in the sixth chapter.",
"Several of the journalists, who had assisted the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) during the war, experienced problems during the Cultural Revolution and other subsequent events, while they were given political rehabilitation after the 1980s.",
"Mao stated that the Government of China is the \"protagonist\" of this portion.The authors described in the book had left wing politics.",
"The book does not discuss people with right wing politics nor their works."
],
[
"Reception",
" of Waseda University stated that Coble made \"original analysis\" by focusing on authors and journalists, instead of \"previous stereotypical approaches\" by focusing on military movements.",
"Amako stated that \"Its contribution to this academic area is outstanding.",
"\"Chang-tai Hung of Hong Kong University of Science and Technology and Hong Kong Polytechnic University stated that the work is, in sum, \"a fine monograph.\"",
"Hung argued that the sourcing should have included material from archives, that the book should have had a different title due to its relative lack of focus on journalism, and that it is unbalanced in that it only covered works from the left political spectrum.",
"Hung argued that the post-1949 sections were \"the most original but also controversial\".In sum Jenks believed the book \"is a valuable library purchase\".",
"Jenks argued that the book should have included more pieces of war reportage and more \"context\" behind the pieces.",
"Jenks also argued that the work's point of view \"differs from the standard Anglo-American focus on truth, deception, and access in war reporting.",
"\"Timothy B. Weston of the University of Colorado Boulder wrote that the work is \"illuminating\", and that the book's discourse was \"skillful\"."
],
[
"Notes",
"===Names in native languages==="
],
[
"References",
"* * * * * ===Reference notes==="
],
[
"Further reading",
"* * * * *"
],
[
"External links",
"* '' China's War Reporters'' - Harvard University Press* '' China's War Reporters'' - Available at JSTOR"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"List of Puppet History episodes"
],
[
"Introduction",
"This article is an episode list for Puppet History, a comedy game show YouTube series produced by Watcher Entertainment.The pilot episode was released on January 10, 2020.In season one, the contestants sat in chairs in the same room as the puppet theater.",
"Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, seasons two and three were carried out virtually and the show was named ''Puppet History: Online University''.",
"In season 4, the show returned to being in person.Season 5 of ''Puppet History'' premiered on November 11, 2022, with an episode titled \"How Hippo Meat Almost Saved America\".",
"Season 6 premiered July 7, 2023.The show has been renewed for a seventh season.Two holiday specials have aired in 2020 and in 2021."
],
[
"Series Overview"
],
[
"Episodes",
"=== Season 1 (2020) ====== Season 2: Online Puppet University (2020) ====== Season 3: Online Puppet University (2021) ====== Season 4 (2021) ====== Season 5 (2022) ====== Season 6 (2023) ==="
],
[
"Specials"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Humbe (singer)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Humberto Rodríguez Terrazas''' (born 11 November 2000), known mononymously as '''Humbe''', is a Latin Grammy-nominated Mexican singer, mostly known for his singles \"El Poeta\", \"Amor de Cine\" and \"Te Lo Prometo\"."
],
[
"Bio",
"Humbe born on Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.",
"He began singing and playing the piano at the age of 9 at his grandmother's house in Chihuahua.",
"From that moment on, he expanded his learning to other instruments such as the guitar, drums, and ukulele.=== 2017–2019: Sonámbulo ===In 2016, he began recording ''Sonámbulo'', his debut album, with the producer Neto Gracia.",
"On 12 December 2017, he released his first Christmas single, \"Todo lo que quiero eres tú\" (All I Want for Christmas Is You), a version of Mariah Carey's song recorded by Neto Gracia at Noise Match and Chacha's Room studios in Monterrey.On 17 August 2018, he released \"Te Quiero Aquí Ya\", a song he composed and produced himself alongside Meny Méndez and the members of La Roca Sound Lab.",
"The following year, he released \"Toma mi Mano\".",
"He performed at the ''Billboard'' Latin Music Showcase in Mexico City in November 2019.=== 2020–2022: ''Soy Humbe, Entroía'' and ''Aurora'' ===In 2020, he released his first EP titled ''Soy Humbe'', which included 6 songs accompanied by live acoustic videos.Soon after, he signed with Sony Music Entertainment Mexico and began working on his second studio album, ''Entropía'', which was digitally released on 12 March 2021.The album featured the singles \"El Poeya\" and \"Te Conocí en Japón.\"",
"In July, the album was released in physical format in Mixup stores, and he won the award for Best New Artist at the MTV MIAW Awards.",
"For this recording, he received a nomination for the Latin Grammy Award for Best New Artist.In the same year, on 11 November 2021, he released ''Aurora'', his third studio album consisting of 13 tracks written and produced entirely by himself and his brother, Emiliano Rodríguez.",
"On 12 March 2022, during a live stream, he announced his first tour, the El Poeta Tour 2022.=== 2023–present: ''Esencia'' ===On 9 February 2023, Humbe surprised his fans with the release of \"Sanvalentín\", the lead single from his highly anticipated fourth studio album titled ''Esencia''.",
"The album was released on 22 March and is considered his most personal album to date.",
"In his own words, the entire album is about the construction and deconstruction of his essence, about that story he talks about, the story that led him through the years to build this.",
"The 11 tracks precisely tell anecdotes he went through, which is why it's his most personal album.",
"The album cover, titled \"El Poeta\", is the work of Cuban artist Reynier Llanes.",
"Humbe later announced the Esencia Tour."
],
[
"Discography",
"* ''Sonámbulo'' (2017)* ''Entropía'' (2020)* ''Aurora'' (2021)* ''Esencia'' (2023)"
],
[
"Awards and nominations",
"+Name of the award ceremony, year presented, nominee(s) of the award, award category, and the result of the nominationAward ceremonyYearCategoryNominee(s)/work(s)ResultLatin Grammy Awards2021Best New ArtistHumbe Lo Nuestro Awards2023Male Breakthrough Artist MTV Europe Music Awards2021Best Latin America North Act MTV MIAW Awards2021Emerging Artist 2022Styler of the Year Nickelodeon Mexico Kids' Choice Awards2021New Artist ''Rolling Stone en Español'' Awards2023Promising Artist of the Year Public's Choice"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Cyan Kicks"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Cyan Kicks''' is a Finnish rock band from Helsinki, founded in 2016.The band combines heavy rock, pop melodies and electronic music in their sound."
],
[
"Background",
"The group's vocalist Susanna Saarinen started public appearances in the cover duo she founded with Pasi Sundelin.",
"Saarinen participated in the Idols competition in 2008.She found guitarist Niila Perkkiö in the announcements of the muusikoiden.net website and in 2012 they founded their first band Fuse!, which was compared to Paramore."
],
[
"Career",
"Susanna Alexandra, Niila Perkkiö, bassist Leevi Erkkilä and drummer Pietari Reijonen founded the band Cyan Kicks in 2016.Band members Susanna Alexandra and Niila Perkkiö got to know each other already in 2011.The band signed a recording contract with the Finnish record label Ranka Kustannus in June 2017.The band's first single \"Feathers\" was released in July 2017.The band's second single \"Gasoline\" was released in January 2018, and it played on the national YleX radio channel.",
"The band was described in the international media as a promising export product.",
"Cyan Kicks released their debut studio album, entitled ''I Don't Love You'' in August 2019.The band received an Emma nomination for the best rock album of the year.Cyan Kick's first foreign concerts in the summer of 2020 were canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the band started making new music.",
"The band's EP ''Not Your Kind'' was released in February 2021.The album had seven songs.",
"In summer 2021, the band performed as a warm-up act at the Apocalyptica gig in Tampere.",
"Elize Ryd, the female vocalist of the Swedish metal band Amaranthe, was a guest soloist at the gig.",
"Ryd and Cyan Kicks wanted to collaborate and about a week after the show they made the song \"Hurricane\" in one day of work.By January 2022, the band's music had been streamed more than 10 million times.",
"It was then reported that the band would compete in the Uuden Musiikin Kilpailu 2022 with the song \"Hurricane\".",
"The song was produced by American musician-producer Chris Walla and was also mixed by Zakk Cervini.",
"The song's exclamation points feature a choir made up of the band's fans.",
"In the competition, the band finished second.Cyan Kicks were selected to compete in Uuden Musiikin Kilpailu 2024 with the song \"Dancing with Demons\"."
],
[
"Musical style",
"Cyan Kick's genres have been considered alternative rock and disco metal.",
"The band combines heavy metal, electronic rock and pop in their music.",
"In 2022, the band described their music as modern rock combining different styles."
],
[
"Discography",
"=== Studio albums ===+ List of studio albums, with selected details Title Details Peak chart positions FIN ''I Don't Love You''* Released: 23 August 2019* Label: * Formats: Digital download, streaming — ''I Never Said 4ever''* Released: 5 May 2023* Label: Ranka Kustannus* Formats: Digital download, streaming 19 \"—\" denotes an album that did not chart or was not released in that territory.=== Extended plays ===+ List of EPs, with selected details Title Details ''Not Your Kind''* Released: 26 February 2021* Label: * Formats: Digital download, streaming=== Singles === Title Year Peak chart positions Album or EP FIN \"Feathers\" 2017 — ''I Don't Love You'' \"Gasoline\" 2018 — \"Rockabye\" — \"Satellite\" — \"Tidal Wave\" 2019 — \"Heart\" — \"Mistake\" — \"Let Me Down Slowly\" — ''Not Your Kind'' \"Wish You Well\" 2020 — \"Beat of My Heart\" — \"The Flood\" — \"Invincible\" 2021 — ''I Never Said 4ever'' \"Died Enough For You\" — \"Hurricane\" 2022 — ''I Never Said 4ever'' \"See the Light\" — \"Someone Like You\" — \"Into You\" 2023 — \"Addicted\" — \"Dancing With Demons\" 2024 14 \"—\" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory.====As featured artist====+ List of singles as featured artist, with showing year released Title Year Album \"In the Name of Love\" 2021 ''Vultures Die Alone''===Music videos===+ List of music videos, showing year released and directors Title Year Director(s) \"Feathers\" 2017 Nilla Perkkiö, Susanna Saarinen and Pietari Reijonen \"Gasoline\" 2018 Max Majander \"Satellite\" \"Rockabye\" 2019 Max Majander and Nea Athiainen \"Tidal Wave\" Max Majander \"Wish You Well\" 2020 Max Majander and Susanna Aleksandra \"Beat Of My Heart\" Max Majander and M.Lindqvist \"The Flood\" 2021 \"Invincible\" Max Majander \"Hurricane\" 2022 Heikki Släen \"Someone Like You\" Jarkko Vuorela \"I Never Said 4ever\" 2023 Max Majander \"Lostboi\" Max Majander and Aaro Karjalainen \"Dancing with Demons\" 2024 Heikki Släen"
],
[
"Notes"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Pierre-Paul Yale"
],
[
"Introduction",
"''' Pierre-Paul Yale ''' (born March 10, 1948) is a psychiatrist and vice-president of the Association des médecins psychiatres du Québec.",
"He was the expert member representing the association on a committee on mental health for the Premier of Quebec, Philippe Couillard, involving the Ministry of Health and Social Services.",
"He was professor in psychiatry at Sherbrooke University, and published various works on psychiatry.Notably, he was the Canadian deleguate of the American Psychiatric Association, and was made a Fellow of the association, receiving his fellowship in San Francisco, California."
],
[
"Early life",
"Portrait of Dr. Pierre-Paul Yale's grandfather, August YalePierre-Paul Yale was born on March 10, 1948, to Denise Goulet and Wilfrid Yale, son of August Yale, members of the Yale family.",
"His grandfather August was the cousin of politician Arthur Yale, and fur merchant William Yale, a pioneer of Mont-Laurier, Quebec.",
"Yale's father, Wilfrid Yale, resident of Mont-Royal, was a professor and director of special works at École d'arts et métiers of Montreal, and later, professor and director of the civil engineering department at Collège Ahuntsic, named Institut de Technologie Laval.",
"He received awards from the Lt. Gov of Quebec, Esioff-Léon Patenaude, for his artistic works.Members of his family included André Rousseau, Minister of Commerce and President of Quebec Liberal Party, Jacques Rousseau, cofounder of Montreal Botanical Garden and professor at Sorbonne University in Paris, and François Rousseau, chief-engineer of Hydro Quebec, MIT graduate and cofounder of Groupe RSW with SNC Lavalin President, Guy Saint-Pierre.",
"Other in-laws included Marc Rousseau, President of Decalcomania in Plateau-Mount Royal, Claude Rousseau, industrialist of Montmagny, Quebec, Thomas Rousseau, Père Blanc in Africa, George Rousseau, lawyer, Alfred A. Goulet, alderman of the city of Montreal, and Dr. Marie Rousseau and Dr. Georges Reinhardt.Yale's godmother was Dame Claire Yale, heiress of the Yale Islands and daughter of Arthur Yale of Côte-des-Neiges, while his cousin, British artist John Yale, was an aviation painter who exposed his works at the Royal Society of British Artists in London, England, working for Air Vice Marshal Peter A. Latham, and Air Marshal Sir Harold Maguire.",
"Yale was also a third cousin of Montreal lawyer Jacob Yale Fortier."
],
[
"Education",
"Pierre-Paul Yale attended St-Clement School in Mount-Royal during his youth, then attended College de St-Laurent from 1954 to 1960.He continued his studies at the University of Montreal, then went to Polytechnique Montreal, graduating as an engineer in 1968.He continued his studies and began his medical program at Sherbrooke University from 1968 to 1972.He then entered psychiatry as a specialty at Sherbrooke University from 1972 to 1976, and thereafter, went to McGill University to complete his studies, graduating as a psychiatrist in 1979."
],
[
"Career",
"Sainte-Croix Hospital in Drummondville, Quebec, where Dr. Yale was director of their psychiatry departmentRoyal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, where Dr. Yale's brother, Dr. Jean-Francois Yale, was director of endocrinologyPierre-Paul Yale began his career as research assistant to the Iron Ore Company of Canada, and thereafter, taught at Sherbrooke University in the psychiatry department.",
"He was the representative of the residents of the Association of Psychiatrists of Canada from 1977 to 1978, and was elected a board director of the association in 1979.He became the Canadian Deleguate of the American Psychiatric Association in 1980, then member of the committee of the research centre of Louis-H Lafontaine Hospital in 1982.He became psychiatrist at Ste-Croix Hospital in Drummondville, Quebec, and later, director of their psychiatry department.Since 1980, he had been professor at the department of psychiatry of Sherbrooke University, and later, vice-president of Informatique Medicale Corporation, and vice-president of Societe Miniere Uniquartz Corporation.",
"From 1982 to 1983, he was board director of the Ste-Croix Foundation.",
"He wrote various publications on management systems, therapy treatments and medical education in relation to psychiatry.",
"In 1983, Yale began practicing at Ste-Therese Hospital of Shawinigan and conceived a software management product that was sold by his enterprise to the hospital for $$160,000, as he was previously an engineer before graduating as a physician.",
"Yale's medical software allowed the digital management of the medical files of each patients; a model which would later be implemented by other companies in the healthcare industry.",
"The contract was later the subject of an enquiry by Senator Thérèse Lavoie-Roux, at the time Minister of Health and Social Services under Premier Robert Bourassa.",
"The investigating commissioner found no irregularities on Yale's part and was fully exonerated, as his software was an innovation and caused misunderstandings by journalists.",
"Yale refused the vice-presidency of Systèmes et Développement Purkinje Inc, which were, at the time, expanding their medical software offerings to international markets.Yale later worked with the company to help them implement their software to clinics and other hospitals, completely replacing paper files with software management tools.",
"Yale was made Director of the psychiatry department of CSSS Haut-Richelieu Rouville Hospital, and board director and co-chief of psychiatry for CISSS de la Montérégie-Centre."
],
[
"Later career",
"Medical Building, McGill University, Pine Avenue, Montreal, 1911Yale was vice-president of the Association des médecins psychiatres du Québec under President Yves Lamontagne, later President of the Collège des médecins du Québec.",
"The association has a membership of about 1,200 psychiatrists, and is affiliated with the Fédération des médecins spécialistes du Québec.",
"Yale was involved with mental health services programs with Quebec government, and criticized the government's reorganization plan regarding its management of mental health services, citing issues with its speed of execution, and signed an open letter with 200 experts to bring awareness to the issue.In 1993, Yale became a Fellow of the American Psychiatric Association, and received his fellowship in San Francisco, California, on May of the same year.",
"In 2004, Dr. Pierre-Paul Yale represented the Association des médecins psychiatres du Québec on the Experts Committee of the Ministry of Health and Social Services, to be presented to the Premier of Quebec, Philippe Couillard.",
"The committee was involved in advising the government in relation to the organization of mental health services by the Ministry, such as suicide prevention.Yale married to Carole Grenier, daughter of Dorilas Grenier and Marie-Anna Dodier, on June 14, 1975.They became the parents of two daughters, Caroline and Melina Yale.",
"Dr. Yale is also a member of the Association des psychiatre du Québec, of the Association des psychiatres du Canada, of the American Psychiatric Association, and of the Association des medecins de la langue francaise du Canada.",
"His sister Carole Yale is a lawyer and his brother, Dr. Jean-Francois Yale, is an endocrinologist, professor of medicine at McGill University and director of the Metabolic Day Center at Royal Victoria Hospital in Montreal.Throughout his career, Yale became president and Chairman of the Clinical and Scientific department of the Canadian Diabetes Association, President and Chairman of the Expert Committee, member of the Steering Committee with the CDA, and published about 250 publications as a senior researcher.",
"He is board director of Diagnos, an AI medical software company using big data, listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange.",
"Yale is also a public speaker, senior research scientist, lead researcher, professor of endocrinology at McGill University, and department award recipient by Rector Yves Martin."
],
[
"References",
"===Sources===*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Mikaelle Assani"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Mikaelle Assani''' (born 18 August 2002) is a German track and field athlete who competes in the long jump."
],
[
"Early and personal life",
"From Pforzheim, Germany, to a Cameroonian mother.",
"A Christian, she has suffered injuries due to a genetic condition known as flat feet.",
"She is an LG Region Karlsruhe athlete and attended the University of Nebraska in 2021.She later transferred to study bioengineering at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology."
],
[
"Career",
"She competed for Germany for the first time at the 15th European Youth Olympic Festival in Baku in 2019.In 2020, Assani won the gold at the German U20 Indoor Championships before an injury ruled her out of the rest of the year.",
"In 2021, she won the gold at the German U20 Championships and was a bronze medalist at the U20 European Championships in Tallinn, finishing a centimetre ahead of compatriot Laura Raquel Müller.",
"She also won the silver at the German U23 Championships and finished fourth at the senior German Championships.",
"She was the world’s best female U20 athlete in 2021 with a distance of 6.64m.In June 2022, Mikaelle Assani won the bronze at the German Championships in Berlin, She also competed for Germany at the European Athletics Championships in Munich in August 2022, and was the youngest German athlete in the squad.In February 2023, she set a new personal best distance of 6.70 metres in Dortmund, and came third at the German Indoor Championships.",
"She competed in Istanbul at the European Athletics Indoor Championships in March 2023.On 27 May 2023, she jumped a new personal best distance of 6.91m in Weinheim.",
"Assani competed at the 2023 World Athletics Championships in Budapest.In February 2024, she finished runner-up at the German indoor championships equalling her personal best jump of 6.91 metres."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Collybia brunneocephala"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Collybia brunneocephala''''', also known as the '''brownit''', is a species of gilled mushroom.",
"Previously designated '''''Clitocybe brunneocephala''''', the brownit and its lavender-colored cousin the blewit were both reassigned to the genus ''Collybia'' in 2023.As its name implies, the brownit is a brown-capped mushroom with light-beige gills.",
"The cap is usually described as \"lubricious\" and often has a rubbery-translucent gloss without being sticky.",
"The brownit also has a bit of a stumpy, short-legged quality, as the ratio of cap diameter to stipe height heavily favors the cap.",
"The brownit flushes most frequently from December to March, and is most commonly observed in California in western North America.",
"Often found in lawns and open meadows, sometimes in fairy rings, it also turns up under California native oaks and Monterey cypress.The brownit is considered a \"excellent\" edible mushroom, but it can be confused with ''Entoloma lividoalbum'', ''Entoloma sericatum'', and ''Entoloma rhodopolium'', all of which are poisonous.William A. Murrill originally described this species in 1913 as a ''Melanoleuca'', based on a specimen collected by R. A. Harper in Alameda County, California.",
"However, based on the minimal information provided, it was not included in later descriptions of ''Clitocybe'' species.",
"The brownit was rediscovered by David Arora in Santa Cruz County, California, in the 1970s, and Howard E. Bigelow formally redescribed it in his 1982 ''Clitocybe'' monograph using Arora's specimens.",
"There was already a ''Clitocybe harperi'', so the Bigelow gave it a new name suggestive of its brown (''brunneo''-) head (-''cephela'')."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Gustav von Epstein"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Gustav Ritter von Epstein''' (10 April 1828 – 23 September 1879) was an Austrian industrialist and banker who commissioned the Palais Epstein."
],
[
"Biography",
"Epstein was born on 10 April 1828 in Prague.",
"He was the fourth child of Leopold Epstein, who was the director of the National Bank at the time, and his wife Caroline, who was from a prestigious textile industry family.",
"After Gustav's father died in 1864, be took over his father's banking business.",
"Due to his philanthropy, in 1866, Emperor Franz Joseph bestowed Epstein with the Iron Crown 3rd Class.",
"The next year, Epstein commissioned the architect Otto Wagner to build him a villa in Baden.",
"Most of Gustav's fortune was destroyed in the Panic of 1873, partially due to Adolf Taussig, who had speculated with Epstein's money before commiting suicide later that year.",
"In response, Epstein sold his villa to Archduke Rainer Ferdinand a few months later.",
"Epstein died in 1879 in Vienna.According to contemporary sources, Brigitte Haentjens described him as following:"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Ottoman-Habsburg War (1565-1568)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''The Ottoman-Habsburg War (1565-1568)''' was a conflict between the Habsburg Empire and the Ottoman Empire fought mainly on the territory of Hungary and Croatia.",
"During the war, the Turks captured the castle at Szigetvár but the death of Sultan Suleiman I forced them to retreat.",
"The war ended in 1568 after the signing of a peace treaty in Edirne, under which both sides retained their territorial gains, and the Habsburgs further pledged to pay tribute of 30,000 forints to the Turks."
],
[
"Background",
"On 29 August 1526 the forces of the Kingdom of Hungary were defeated at the Battle of Mohács by Ottoman forces.",
"Both Hungary and Croatia became disputed territories with claims from both the Habsburg and Ottoman empires.",
"On 1 January 1527, the Croatian nobles convened the Parliament at Cetin and unanimously elected Ferdinand I, Archduke of Austria as their king, and in return for the throne, Ferdinand promised to defend Croatia from Ottoman invasion.The Siege of Vienna in 1529 was the first attempt by Suleiman the Magnificent to capture the Austrian capital.",
"This siege signalled the pinnacle of Ottoman power and the maximum extent of Ottoman expansion in central Europe.",
"Following Suleiman's unsuccessful siege of Vienna in 1529, Ferdinand launched a counter-attack in 1530 to regain the initiative.",
"Suleiman's response came in 1532 when he led a massive army of over 120,000 troops to besiege Vienna again.",
"Ferdinand withdrew his army, leaving only 700 men with no cannons and a few guns to defend Güns.",
"Suleiman came to join him shortly after the Siege of Güns had started.",
"The city was offered a surrender on favourable terms and, although the offer was rejected, the Ottomans retreated leading to a peace treaty between Ferdinand and Suleiman.",
"John Zápolya was recognized as the King of Hungary by the Habsburgs, although as an Ottoman vassal.",
"In 1537, Ferdinand attacked John's forces at Osijek in violation of the treaty.",
"The siege was a disaster of similar magnitude to that of Mohács, with an Ottoman relief army smashing the Austrians.",
"Rather than attack Vienna again, Suleiman attacked Otranto in southern Italy.",
"At the naval Battle of Preveza in 1538, the Ottomans inflicted another defeat on the Habsburg-led coalition.A further humiliating defeat was inflicted on the Habsburgs in the 1541 Siege of Buda.",
"In April 1543, Suleiman launched another campaign in Hungary, taking back Bran and other forts and returning much of Hungary to Ottoman control.",
"In August 1543, the Ottomans succeeded in the Siege of Esztergom.",
"Another peace agreement between the Habsburgs and the Ottomans lasted until 1552, when Suleiman decided to attack Eger.",
"The Siege of Eger proved futile, and the Habsburg victory reversed a period of territorial losses in Hungary.",
"Their retention of Eger gave the Austrians good reason to believe that Hungary was still contested ground and the Ottoman campaign in Hungary ended, until its revival in 1566."
],
[
"War",
"=== Siege of Krupa (1565) ===At the behest of the grand vizier, Lala Mustafa Pasha, in 1565 invaded the Habsburg territories in Croatia by besieging and seizing the town of Krupa.",
"In November 1565, the pasha of Buda was ordered from Istanbul to prepare an expedition against the Austrians.",
"On the third of May 1566, Sultan Suleiman set out from Istanbul towards the Balkans, as it was to turn out, for his already final military campaign.",
"Suleiman's army numbered about 100,000 troops, but not including servants only 45,000 were fit for battle.=== Sieges of Gyula and Palota (1566) ===Upon learning of the approaching Ottoman army, Emperor Maximilian II began collecting taxes from his subjects in order to create an army that was initially planned to consist of 100,000 soldiers.",
"However, the Turks were not idle and when Maximilian was waiting for the arrival of troops from various corners of his empire, there was an attack from the Turkish side on the town of Gyula located in Hungary.",
"On June 6, the Pasha of Buda launched an offensive, besieging the castle in Palota.",
"The defenders of Palota received 100 Hungarian riflemen from Pápa and Győr castles.",
"With them, the number of the defenders of Palota was still just 450 men.",
"The rest of the reinforcing army was gathering near Pápa castle.",
"The widow of Tamás Nádasdy sent there 200 Hussars and 600 infantrymen, Ferenc Batthyány gave 100 Hussars and 300 Hajduk soldiers but the noblemen of the region were also called to arms.",
"The garrison of Pápa castle joined them, led by Ferenc Török and Kristóf Nádasdy.",
"Altogether 10,000 soldiers came together to relieve Palota Castle.",
"György Thury asked Emperor Maximilian for help, Maximilian promised to sent 2,000 soldiers.",
"Sultan Suleiman IOn June 5, a Turkish army of between 8,000-10,000 troops arrived at Palota.",
"The Turks immediately laid siege to the castle, the fighting was fierce, however, on June 15, upon hearing of the approaching Habsburg reinforcements, the Turks lifted the siege and withdrew, giving the castles in Veszprem and Tata to the Austrians.",
"On July 12, the castle in Gyula was finally conquered by the Turkish army.=== Battle of Siklós (1566) ===At the same time when the Turkish troops captured Gyula, Sultan Suleiman arrived in Belgrade and directed his expedition to the north towards the strategic city of Eger.",
"Suleiman sent small units towards the western border whose task was to harass the enemy, but one of Suleiman's units was defeated by Habsburg troops near the town of Siklós by Nikola IV Zrinski, which angered the Sultan extremely, so he decided to return to the west to avenge the defeat.",
"Zrinski's army decided to retreat and strategically barricade themselves in the castle of Szigetvár.Nikola IV ZrinskiSiege of Szigetvár=== Siege of Szigetvár (1566) ===On August 2, the Ottoman army reached Szigetvar and immediately began building a siege camp.",
"While the Turkish army was busy preparing the camp, the army of the Szigetvár garrison under Nikola Zrinski made a successful raid on the Ottomans, inflicting heavy losses on them.",
"On August 5, Suleiman's entire army gathered at Szigetvar, but he was unable to command the siege due to his age - he was already 72, so he handed the command over to his trusted Sokollu Mehmed Pasha.The Ottoman army was huge, according to sources, it had 100,000 troops, including 80,000 Ottoman regular troops, 13,000 Crimean Tatars and 7,000 Moldovans, in addition, the Turks had 300 cannons.",
"Szigetvar was defended by only 3,000 Hungarians and Croats, so the difference was gigantic.",
"The defenders of Szigetvár decided to blow up the bridges, as the castle was almost completely surrounded by water.",
"So the Turks decided to fire artillery, sporadically sending Janissary infantry towards the castle gates.",
"During one of the Janissaries' attacks, the defenders, additionally harassed by artillery, were forced to retreat to the old city.",
"The Ottomans soon afterwards attacked the old city.",
"The bloody battle lasted ten days.",
"It caused the Ottomans huge losses.",
"However, on August 19, they finally broke through to the old city.",
"Nikola Zrinski, in a heroic battle, had to retreat to the citadel of Szigetvár, which was the last outpost of defense.",
"The Turks, not wanting to expose their troops to further losses, sent Nikola Zrinski an offer of peace under which Nikola was to surrender and in return become governor of Croatia, Nikola did not agree to these terms and the Turks laid siege to the citadel.Nikola IV Zrinski during the siege of SzigetvarOn September 6, Sultan Suleiman died in the Turkish camp.",
"Sokollu Mehmed Pasha, knowing that the news could drastically lower the morale of the troops, kept the information about Suleiman's death in secret.",
"On September 8 Nikola Zrinski gave the Turks the final battle, the Szigetvár garrison fought valiantly but was unable to defeat such a large Ottoman army.",
"Zrinski and almost all the defenders died in the heroic battle, only 7 soldiers managed to escape.",
"After capturing the citadel, the Turks rushed in for the loot, there was an unexpected explosion of gunpowder in the citadel which claimed the lives of many Janissaries.After capturing Szigetvar, the Ottoman army retreated toward Istanbul, the Habsburg army that had concentrated near Győr, however, decided not to go on the offensive.John Sigismund Zapolya=== Further campaigns (1567) ===In the middle of March of 1567 Hasan Pasha of Temesvár and his 5,000 men, many Crimean Tatars among them, hurried to help the Transylvanian Prince John Sigismund Zápolya, the son of the Hungarian King John Zápolya.",
"The reason for the conflict was that, a soldier called Lazarus von Schwendi, the Chief Captain of Kassa had marched out and taken some debated lands on the Borderland between Royal Hungary and Transylvania.",
"Schwendi stayed in Kassa because of the Pasha’s attack and let the Tatars destroy the land as they wished, collecting more than 40,000 slaves.",
"Their ally, the Prince of Transylvania, John Sigismund bought these slaves back from Böszörmény.",
"Hasan Pasha took the castles of Dédes and Putnok, which belonged to Lord Péter Perényi, who was siding with the Habsburgs.",
"Then, he broke into Gömör county.",
"Another one of his units raided Monok, Iváncsa and Felsővadász which were domains of the Rákóczi family.",
"The defenders of the small Castle of Felsővadász fought valiantly but the Turks set the roof of their fort on fire.",
"They sallied out from the top of the hill, they were just a handful of warriors but they all fell like the heroes of Szigetvár or Drégely castles before.",
"Only two of them could escape.According to the contemporary records, this campaign of Hasan Pasha of Temesvár has brought about really great damage and destruction, 12,000 people were herded into slavery.=== Treaty of Edirne (1568) ===After the fall of Szigetvár castle in 1566, peace had to be made between the Habsburgs and the Ottomans.",
"Although Szigetvár, this strategic Borderland castle of Hungary was lost, the Turks paid a huge price for it, at least 20,000 Ottoman soldiers perished during the siege.",
"With the fall of Szigetvár castle, Baranya County was completely lost to the enemy.It was the Habsburgs that sent envoys to the sultan to plead for peace in the summer of 1567.The talks began in Edirne.",
"Emperor Maximilian II wanted a truce for 10 years but Sultan Selim II was willing to agree to an 8-year peace.",
"However, he remarked that the treaty could be renewed after the expiration date.",
"The negotiations lasted for more than six months.",
"Also, the Treaty guaranteed the safety of their subjects and granted them the freedom to move.",
"The trade with slaves and prisoners of war was banned, too.",
"Envoys were supposed to travel unhurt.",
"Certain lands, castles, towns, and villages belonging to Transylvania could be bartered with lands and settlements belonging to the Ottoman Occupied Lands, mainly on the border.",
"On top of these, the Habsburgs were obliged to pay an annual tax of 30,000 Hungarian gold Forints to the sultan."
],
[
"Aftermath",
"The Treaty of Edirne marked the end of the period of the so-called Little Wars in Hungary between the Ottomans and the Habsburgs.",
"There was a relatively peaceful period when military actions were limited and sieges with artillery were not allowed.",
"Yet, guerrilla warfare was raging all the same on the Borderland, the Ottomans were softening up the castle chain, as usual, isolating the Borderland castles from their supporting villages by burning and pillaging the countryside.",
"At the same time, the Hungarian Hussars were ambushing them wherever they could."
],
[
"See also",
"* Siege of Szigetvar* Maximilian II* Suleiman I* Hasan Pasha of Temesvar* Nikola IV Zrinski* Ottoman-Habsburg wars* Little War in Hungary"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Zulfikar Matin"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Zulfikar Matin''' (born 24 July 1946) is a Bangladeshi novelist and writer.",
"He was awarded the Bangla Academy Literary Award in the essay/research category in 2023.As of 2024, he has published more than 20 books."
],
[
"Background and career",
"Matin was born on 24 July 1946 to Chowdhury Osman, a poet and an educationist, and Hamida Sultana in Ramgati village in Ullahpara, Sirajganj in the then Bengal Province, British India (now in Bangladesh).",
"Matin studied Bengali literature at the University of Rajshahi."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Kyshona"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Kyshona Armstrong''' (known monomymously as '''Kyshona''') is an American singer, songwriter, and musical therapist based in Nashville, Tennessee.",
"Her songs incorporate elements of roots, rock, RnB, and folk and often feature themes of liberation and community.",
"Her discography includes four albums.",
"Her song ''Listen'' gained prominence during the 2020 racial justice protests due to its \"prescient\" lyrics."
],
[
"Early life",
"Kyshona grew up in Irmo, South Carolina.",
"She attended the University of Georgia, where she studied musical therapy and classical music performance on the oboe."
],
[
"Career",
"=== Music therapy ===After college, Kyshona spent 17 years as a music therapist, focusing on veterans, incarcerated and formerly incarcerated people, and the youth.=== Music career ===Kyshona began writing her songs with patients under her care.",
"As a therapist, she met two black men—one a poet, the other studying recreational therapy—who had breakdowns and were in the mental hospital.",
"She recounts learning how to write music through their therapy sessions.",
"In 2014, she moved to Nashville to pursue a career as an independent artist."
],
[
"Discography",
"=== Studio albums ===* ''Go'' (2014)* ''The Ride 2.0'' (2017)* ''Listen'' (2020) === Live albums ===* ''Live at the Sanctuary'' (2021)"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Boh (surname)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Boh''' is a surname with multiple origins.",
"Notable people with the surname include:* Aaron Boh (born 1974), Canadian ice hockey player* Alex Kinvi-Boh (born 1991), Togolese footballer* Katja Boh (1929–2008), Slovenian sociologist and politician* Rick Boh (born 1964), Canadian ice hockey player"
],
[
"See also",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"2024 Utah Royals season"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''2024 Utah Royals FC season''' marks the team's fourth season of existence in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL), the top division of the American soccer pyramid.",
"This season marks the team's first since 2020, after which the original club relocated to become the Kansas City Current.",
"The club will play its home games at America First Field in the Salt Lake City suburb of Sandy, and are coached by former Royal and national team player Amy Rodriguez."
],
[
"Club",
"===Roster===, Player Nation"
],
[
"Competitions",
"===NWSL regular season=======Matches========Standings===="
],
[
"Statistics",
"===Goals===+ Goals Rank Player Total NWSL Regular Season===Assists===+ Assists Rank Player Total NWSL Regular Season===Clean Sheets===+ Shutouts Rank Player Total NWSL Regular Season"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Kucan"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Kucan''' or '''Kučan''' is a surname.",
"Notable people with the surname include:* Daniel Kucan (born 1970), American television personality* Joseph D. Kucan, American video game developer and actor* Milan Kučan (born 1941), Slovene politician* Štefka Kučan (born 1943), Slovene public figure* Tamara Kučan (born 1989), Serbian author"
],
[
"See also",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"It's On Us (song)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"\"'''It's On Us'''\" is a charity single by American indie pop band AJR, released on March 31, 2017, through their own label AJR Productions.",
"All proceeds from sales of the single were donated to Barack Obama's campaign of the same name, raising awareness of and fighting against sexual assault on college campuses in the United States."
],
[
"Background",
"AJR performing at for the It's On Us summit in 2017The It's On Us campaign was launched by Barack Obama and the White House Council on Women and Girls on September 19, 2014, aiming to raise awareness about sexual assault on college campuses and encourage the public to recognize and intervene when possible.",
"Following the release of AJR's single \"Weak\", Obama listened to the song via Spotify, which led to his administration asking the band to help support the campaign.",
"The band accepted, describing the movement's goals as \"an important topic to us because most of our fans are in that college-age demographic, and it presents a real problem on college campuses\" and expressed happiness with using AJR's popularity as a platform for it.AJR approached Rebecca Kaplan, the director of \"It's On Us\", with the idea of writing a song, who agreed and helped the band meet with sexual assault survivors and incorporate their stories into the song, naming it after the campaign.",
"AJR performed \"It's On Us\" alongside their song \"Turning Out\" from the band's second studio album, ''The Click'', and a cover of \"Can't Help Falling in Love\" by Elvis Presley at the White House for the final It's On Us summit on January 5, 2017.A studio recording of \"It's On Us\" was released onto streaming services on March 31, 2017, with the band donating all of the song's proceeds to the initiative."
],
[
"Composition",
"\"It's On Us\" is composed in time signature in the key of A major and follows a tempo of 88 beats per minute (bpm).",
"The song appears on streaming services with the extended title \"It's On Us (Benefiting the 'It's On Us' Campaign)\".",
"Although the band advertised the song as having other musicians featured on it, none are present or credited."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Zee Chitra Gaurav Puraskar for Best Music Director"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Zee Chitra Gaurav Puraskar for Best Music Director''' is presented by Zee Marathi as part of its annual Zee Chitra Gaurav Puraskar, for best music done by a composer in Marathi films, who are selected by the jury.",
"Ajay-Atul has won most awards in this category."
],
[
"Awards",
" Year Music Director Film 2008'''Ajay-Atul''''''''Bandh Premache'''''2009'''Ajay-Atul''''''''Jogwa'''''2010'''Ajay-Atul''''''''Natarang'''''2011'''Ajit Parab''''''''Huppa Huiyya'''''2012'''Narendra Bhide''''''''Paulwat'''''2013'''Kaushal Inamdar''''''''Ajintha'''''2014'''Nilesh Moharir''''''''Jai Maharashtra Dhaba Bhatinda'''''2015'''Ajay-Atul''''''''Lai Bhaari''''' 2016 '''Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy''' '''''Katyar Kaljat Ghusali''''' 2017 '''Ajay-Atul''' '''''Sairat''''' 2018 '''Narendra Bhide, Aditya Bedekar''' '''''Hampi''''' 2019 '''Sayali Khare''' '''''Nude''''' 2020 '''Hrishikesh -Jasraj-Saurabh''' '''''Anandi Gopal'''''2021 '''Not Awarded''' 2022 '''Ajay-Atul''' '''''Sairat''''' 2023 '''Ajay-Atul''' '''''Chandramukhi''''' Ajay-Atul''Ved''Saleel Kulkarni''Ekda Kay Zala''Rahul Deshpande''Me Vasantrao''Avadhoot Gupte''Pandu''"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Wanda and the Alien (TV series)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Wanda and the Alien''''' is a British animated children's television series based on the book series of the same name by Sue Hendra."
],
[
"Overview",
"When a young and scared alien crashes with his space rocket into the wood, little rabbit Wanda's world becomes even more interesting and exciting.",
"After a few moments of hesitation, they become best friends in the universe."
],
[
"Characters",
"* Wanda is an orange rabbit with white eyes, black pupils, yellow cheeks and light orange inside her ears.",
"She wears a blue dress with sparks.",
"* Alien is a green alien with 4 eyes, he also has a smile just like Wanda's.",
"He appears to be wearing a red and orange shirt that is matching the rest of the Stripes.",
"Alien is very curious and wants to learn everything about Wanda's home.",
"By using his magic, he can create lots of wonderful games for them to play.",
"Once his rocket is mended he takes Wanda on adventures to his home too!"
],
[
"Episodes"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Lithium Valley"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Lithium Valley''' is an area adjacent to the Salton Sea in Southern California, United States, with enormous deposits of lithium.",
"Due to increased demand for lithium, which is crucial component for batteries used for electric cars and energy storage, the area is attracting attention, and the extraction of lithium is expected to boost the economy of Imperial County.",
"The area is exceptionally well-suited due to the ability to mine the lithium while generating geothermal power.",
"There are already 11 geothermal power plants utilizing the Salton Sea Geothermal Field."
],
[
"Lithium production",
"The geothermal activity below the Salton Sea loosens up lithium that can be mined.",
"The California Energy Commission estimates the Salton Sea might produce 600k metric tons of lithium carbonate () per year, of a reserve of 3.4 million tonnes.",
"The Salton Sea geothermal brine reservoir is located at depths of approximately below ground and contains fluids at temperatures ranging from 250 °C to 380 °C.",
"Among valuable minerals the brine contains lithium (202 ppm ± 20% , i.e.",
"more than in the Dead Sea, which is 30-40 ppm), rubidium (110 ppm ± 47%), cesium (19.8 ppm ± 15%), bromine (91 ppm ± 31% vs 5000 ppm in the Dead Sea).",
"The lake also comprises chloride, sodium, calcium, potassium and other low-value minerals, that are difficult to separate.",
"All these minerals add up to the total salinity of 24.3 ± 2.8%.The Lithium Valley Commission was created under the California Energy Commission in September 2020 to explore and expand the emerging lithium recovery industry."
],
[
"Projects",
"In 2016, the Australian firm Controlled Thermal Resources (CTR) announced plans to build a 140 MW geothermal power plant and a lithium extraction facility capable of producing 15,000 tons (13,600 tonnes) by 2023 and 75,000 tons (68,000 tonnes) by 2027.The company hopes to create a major new domestic source of the mineral.",
"General Motors announced a strategic partnership with CTR in 2021 to secure a local supply of lithium.",
"The majority of the battery-grade lithium hydroxide and carbonate for the Ultium battery will come from this plant.Controlled Thermal Resources is developing a combined lithium extraction and power generation facility in the Hell's Kitchen geothermal field employing a closed-loop process.",
"Brine will be extracted from the ground, with geothermal steam being used to drive a turbine generating electricity, and reacting with the brine to separate the lithium hydroxide and lithium carbonate used for battery production.Berkshire Hathaway Energy has a subsidiary that operates 10 geothermal plants in the area.",
"Berkshire's BHE Renewables division plans to open a lithium carbonate pilot plant."
],
[
"See also",
"* * * * List of countries by lithium production"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Lithium Valley, County of Imperial* Lithium Valley Commission, California Energy Commission* Lithium StoryMap, Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, United States Department of Energy"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Jack Turner (footballer, born 2002)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Jack Turner''' (born 7 September 2002) is an English professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Scottish Championship club Queen's Park."
],
[
"Club career",
"On 6 July 2021, Turner signed his first professional contract with Southampton.",
"Ahead of an FA Cup fourth round tie against Coventry City in February 2022, he was promoted to the senior team alongside Kazeem Olaigbe and Thierry Small.",
"On 31 January 2023, Turner joined National League South club Braintree Town on loan for the remainder of the season.",
"He was released by Southampton at the end of the 2022–23 season.On 27 June 2023, Turner joined Scottish Championship side Queen's Park on a three-year contract.",
"He made his debut for the club on 15 July 2023 in a 0–0 draw with East Fife in the Scottish League Cup, with East Fife winning 4–2 on penalties.",
"On 2 September 2023, Turner scored his first goal for the club in a 3–2 defeat to Raith Rovers."
],
[
"Career statistics",
"===Club===+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competitionClubSeasonLeagueNational CupLeague CupOtherTotal DivisionAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoalsSouthampton U212019–20–––10102021–22–––10102022–23–––3030Total––—5050Braintree Town (loan)2022–23National League South16200——162Queen's Park2023–24Scottish Championship225104021296Career total387104071508"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Profile at the Queen's Park F.C.",
"website"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Keijō Post Office"
],
[
"Introduction",
" was a post office building in Seoul (Keijō), Korea from 1915 to 1957.It was primarily associated with the 1910–1945 Japanese colonial period in Korea, although it continued to be used by South Korea until its destruction.",
"The building was inherited by the after the 1945 liberation of Korea, but was significantly damaged during the 1950–1953 Korean War.",
"It was torn down and replaced with a different building around 1957.Seoul Central Post Office still operates on the location of this building today."
],
[
"Background",
"Korea developed its first modern postal system in the Joseon period.",
"Hong Gye-hun, who visited the United States with the first ever Korean special diplomatic visit in 1883, began work on developing Korea's postal system after his return.",
"However, he became embroiled in the Gapsin Coup in 1884, which delayed Korea's adoption of a postal system for several years.",
"The post system finally came into affect after the Gabo Reform.When Japan placed Korea under indirect rule in 1905, the Korean post office system was absorbed into the Japanese.",
"When Japan formally annexed Korea in 1910, they reorganized the postal system, and constructed post office buildings and telegraph infrastructure throughout Korea.",
"The Keijō Post Office was constructed as a part of these efforts, and was the largest and most prominent of such buildings."
],
[
"Description",
"Construction on the building began on October 23 1913, and it was completed on September 15 1915.It began operating on October 1, the anniversary of the Japanese Governor-General of Chōsen's establishment.",
"Its designer is unknown.",
"Its style has been described as British-influenced.",
"It was a large brick building with a total floor area of , with one underground and three above-ground floors.",
"It had a large dome in the center of the building, with arches above its windows.",
"It was located at what is today the intersection of Namdaemunno and Chungmu-ro.",
"The building was very centrally located, with the Bank of Chōsen and a Mitsukoshi shopping mall (now Shinsegae) nearby.",
"The building played an important role in Korea, and served as a center for communication and finance.",
"An article in the ''Maeil Business Newspaper'' wrote that the building served as an arm of economic and political exploitation over Korea.",
"It operated services for both post and telegraph for much of its history.",
"In September 1939, after the telegraph service was split into a separately-managed service, the name of the building changed its name to Keijō Central Post Office (京城中央郵便局).Visible damage to the building (particularly in the roof) from the Korean War (1954)After the 1945 liberation of Korea, the inherited the building.",
"The roof of the building was damaged by bombings in the 1950–1953 Korean War.",
"The damaged building was eventually torn down, and in 1957 replaced by a plain three-story concrete building.",
"That building was in turn replaced in the 1980s."
],
[
"See also",
"* Japanese post in Korea* Postage stamps and postal history of Korea"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Hope Island (British Columbia)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Hope Island''' is an island in the Central Coast region of the Canadian province of British Columbia.",
"It is located in Queen Charlotte Strait just west of Nigei Island and is separated from the northern end of Vancouver Island by Goletas Channel.",
"Bull Harbour is on Hope Island.Hope Island is territory of the Tlatlasikwala Nation.",
"The entirety of Hope Island is a Tlatlasikwala Indian reserve under federal Canadian law.",
"No trepass without permission is allowed.Hope Island was named by George Henry Richards in 1862, for James Hope of the British Royal Navy."
],
[
"See also",
"* List of islands of British Columbia"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Ambrosio Galindez"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Ambrosio \"Boy\" Casimero Galindez''' (November 2, 1930 – June 12, 2011) was a Filipino Catholic Augustinian priest from Garcia Hernandez, Bohol, Philippines.",
"He was the first Filipino Rector of the Agustinian Community.",
"He took his vows on June 25, 1953, at Convento de San Agustin, Intramuros, Manila, followed by solemn vows on June 26, 1956, at Collegio Santa Monica, Rome.",
"He was ordained as a priest in Rome on July 22, 1959."
],
[
"Biography",
"Ambrosio Galindez became a parish priest at San Agustin Parish in Intramuros, Manila, and at San Jose Parish in Iloilo City.",
"He also served as the leader of Basilica Minore del Santo Niño de Cebu in Cebu City from 1973 to 1974 and again from 1982 to 1988.He was a rector of the University of San Agustin in Iloilo City and of Colegio San Agustin in Makati City.He is also known as the \"Father of Dinagyang\" after he introduced the devotion to Santo Niño in Iloilo City in November 1967."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Zee Chitra Gaurav Puraskar for Best Lyricist"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Zee Chitra Gaurav Puraskar for Best Lyricist''' is presented by Zee Marathi as part of its annual Zee Chitra Gaurav Puraskar, for best lyrics written by a lyricist in Marathi films, who are selected by the jury.",
"Guru Thakur has won most awards in this category."
],
[
"Awards",
" Year Lyricist Song Film 2008'''Sandeep Khare''''''\"Rani Majhya Malyamandi\"''''''''Tula Shikwin Changlach Dhada''''' 2009'''Sanjay Patil''''''\"Jeev Rangla\"''''''''Jogwa''''' 2010 '''Guru Thakur''' '''\"Khel Mandala\"''' '''''Natarang'' ''' 2011 '''Guru Thakur''' '''\"Kalala Na Kadhi Usavala\"''' '''''Shikshanachya Aaicha Gho''''' 2012 '''Sudhir Moghe''' '''\"Deva Tula Shodhu Kutha\"''' '''''Deool''''' 2013 '''Dasu Vaidya''' '''\"Ganya Manya Tuka\"''' '''''Tukaram''''' 2014 '''Ajay Naik''' '''\"Janta Ajanta\"''' '''''Lagna Pahave Karun''''' 2015 '''Guru Thakur''' '''\"Maauli Maauli\"''' '''''Lai Bhaari''''' 2016 '''Mangesh Kangane''' '''\"Sur Niragas Ho\"''' '''''Katyar Kaljat Ghusali''''' 2017 '''Sameer Samant''''''\"Hich Amuchi Prarthana\"''' '''''Ubuntu''''' 2018 '''Vaibhav Joshi ''''''\"Muramba\"''' '''''Muramba''''' 2019 '''Sayali Khare''''''\"Dis Yeti\"''''''''Nude''''' 2020 '''Vaibhav Joshi''' '''\"Anandghan\"''''''''Anandi Gopal'''''2021 '''Not Awarded''' 2022 '''Ajay-Atul''''''\"Yad Lagla\"''' '''''Sairat'''''2023 '''Jitendra Joshi''''''\"Khal Khal Goda\"''''''''Godavari'''''Sandeep Khare, Saleel Kulkarni\"Re Kshana\"''Ekda Kaay Zala''Ajay-Atul\"Ved Tujha\"''Ved''Guru Thakur\"Bai Ga\"''Chandramukhi''"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Sumankumar Dash"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Sumankumar Dash''' (Bengali: সুমনকুমার দাশ) is a Bangladeshi journalist and essayist of folklore.",
"He won the Bangla Academy Literary Award 2023 for Folklore.",
"He is the Sylhet Correspondent of Prothom Alo."
],
[
"Early life",
"Dash was born on 12 September 1982 at Sallah Upazila in Sunamganj District of Bangladesh."
],
[
"Awards",
"* Bangla Academy Literary Award (2023)"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Sayori (Doki Doki Literature Club!)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Sayori''' is a character in the 2017 video game ''Doki Doki Literature Club!''",
"She is the childhood friend and neighbor of the protagonist, pushing him into joining the literature club, of which she is a member.",
"Over the course of the game, Sayori's cheerful personality is shown to be forced, with symptoms of depression becoming more evident.",
"This culminates in Sayori committing suicide and being deleted from the game by the game's antagonist, Monika.",
"She is ultimately restored by the end of the game, though her fate depends on the player's actions.Of the cast, Sayori was the character who had the most real-world influence, with creator Dan Salvato noting that her depression inspired by those in his life.",
"He found that, as he wrote the cast, he found himself recognizing their \"reality,\" wanting to explore that.",
"Critical reception of Sayori was positive, with the way her depression was depicted being praised for its accuracy.",
"Some critics saw themselves in Sayori, with commentary about how Sayori's depression was not something that could be fixed by the player."
],
[
"Concept and creation",
"Sayori is one of the characters created by Dan Salvato for his video game, ''Doki Doki Literature Club!''.",
"She is the neighbor of the player's character, and is noted by her positive personality, clumsiness, and tendency to be late.",
"As the player progresses through the game, they discover that Sayori suffers from depression, exhibiting symptoms like forced positivity, overeating, oversleeping, forgetfulness, difficulty getting out of bed, and suicidal thoughts.Salvato created stock characters based on anime archetypes that were given Japanese names to emphasize a pseudo-Japanese atmosphere.",
"To emphasize this, he also had the characters' dialogue read as though it was poorly translated from Japanese.",
"When writing the game, Salvato found that he was recognizing the \"reality\" of characters like Sayori.",
"He wanted to connect more with the characters, and thus explored things like their \"insecurities and realistic personality traits\" on top of their \"stock archetypes.\"",
"She was the strongest case of real-world inspiration, with her being inspired directly by those around Salvato with depression.",
"Due to Salvato's lack of artistic skills at the time, he created the designs of Sayori and other characters in a free anime-creation program, which were used in a test version of the game.",
"Salvato recognized that a product of such quality would not satisfy potential players, Her final design in-game was handled by freelance artist Satchely."
],
[
"Appearances",
"Sayori is one of the four non-playable characters in ''Doki Doki Literature Club'', alongside Yuri, Natsuki, and Monika, all of whom belong to the literature club.",
"She is the best friend of the protagonist, and convinces him to join the club.",
"She, along with other members, write poetry throughout the game, with Sayori's poetry progressively revealing darker feelings of depression.",
"She eventually confides in the protagonist, telling him about her depression, and later confessing her love, which he can either accept or reject.",
"Regardless of the response, she commits suicide by hanging, causing the game to restart after the protagonist finds her corpse.When the game is reopened, Sayori's existence is removed.",
"Monika eventually deletes Yuri and Natsuki, revealing that she has an obsessive love for the player as opposed to the character they controlled.",
"She also reveals that she went into the game's code to modify the parameters of the characters in order to make them less appealing, causing her depression trait to increase.",
"Afterward, Monika's file is deleted by the player, which ultimately causes her to regret her behavior towards the player and the game's characters.",
"She restores the game to its previous state, minus herself.There are two possible endings, both of which involving Sayori becoming self aware like Monika after becoming the club President in Monika's stead.",
"In one, she behaves similarly to Monika, prompting Monika to delete Sayori and then the rest of the game, believing the game couldn't continue to exist.",
"The other is achieved by seeing all content by the player reloading their save before Sayori's death, where Sayori thanks the player for making everyone happy.",
"A third earlier ending may occur if the player deletes Monika before the beginning of the game, which causes Sayori to become self-aware in the first scene, panic, and ultimately close the game.",
"If the player reopens the game, an image of Sayori hanging from a noose is displayed.Sayori also appears in the enhanced version of the game, ''Doki Doki Literature Club Plus!",
"'', which features a side story that depicts how the four girls came to join the literature club.Sayori has received multiple pieces of merchandise.",
"She received two figures, one in the Pop Up Parade line and the other in the Nendoroid line, as well as a wrist watched themed after her.",
"A Youtooz figure of Sayori was released in October 2022, along with figures for the other characters."
],
[
"Reception",
"Sayori has been generally well received, particularly for how her mental illnesses are depicted.",
"''Kotaku'' writer Gita Jackson grew attached to Sayori, seeing \"a little of my confused, sad teenage self in her.\"",
"They discussed one of her poems, Bottles, which they felt spoke of Sayori's desire to make others happy, only for her efforts to be rejected, leaving her with no happiness for herself.",
"They contrasted Sayori's depression to other visual novels; where characters will have emotional problems that need to be solved by the player, Sayori's is not so easily solved.",
"''Fanbyte'' writer Kara Dennison discussed Sayori's depression, commenting that her aversion to being helped reflected her feeling that it's wasted on her rather than believing she's undeserving of love.",
"She discussed how this is a real struggle that she herself suffered through, finding her story and characters valuable for both sufferers and those around them.",
"She also felt that where Sayori's story was an \"intelligent take\" on mental illness, where the rest of the game falls flat.",
"Writer Sky LaRell Anderson, while feeling that the portrayal of her mental illnesses was accurate, begrudged that the game did not take advantage of the interactivity of its medium in depicting them.",
"''The Daily Dot'' writer Ana Valens considered Sayori her favorite character in the game, interpreting her as a pansexual character.",
"She cited a scene where Sayori called Natsuki cute and put her hands on her shoulders; while acknowledging that girls calling each other cute is normal for straight people, the physical interaction was less so.",
"This, combined with a later scene, suggested to her that gender was not a relevant factor to attraction for Sayori.",
"She also felt that this could be relevant to Sayori's depression, commenting that a society that expects women to date men can be difficult for non-straight women, feeling that Sayori mirrors herself in these aspects.",
"Valens also felt that her struggles were the most memorable of the cast's, talking about how no matter what, Sayori will die, either to suicide or the game breaking.",
"''IGN Japan'' writer Shohei Fujita felt that the way the confession and suicide was handled was more ethical than how it could be, suggesting that being able to save Sayori by staying by her side would be objectifying."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Fritz Goldschmidt"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Fritz Goldschmidt''' (1871-1944) was a German Jewish businessman and art collector, plundered and murdered in the Holocaust."
],
[
"Life until 1933",
"Fritz Jonah Goldschmidt was born on December 19, Décembre 1871 in Breslau, Silesia, Germany.",
"He co-founded the Koppenheim & Goldschmidt grain company in 1898 together Meyer Koppenheim (1866-1940).",
"Goldschmidt was a commodities broker, an arbitration judge and temporary president of the Breslau Product Exchange.",
"The Goldschmidts were important members of Wroclaw society, financing a Jewish hospital, raising funds for a local Jewish school and founding a Jewish museum together with other local Jewish art collectors.",
"They collected art, and displayed many German modernists in their villa on Kommendeweg and often provided loans for exhibitions throughout Germany.",
"Goldschmidt married Thea Rivka Cohn (1888-1944), an art lover who, together with her husband, appreciated and collected Max Liebermann, Max Slevogt, Lovis Corinth, Wilhelm Trübner, Hans Purmann and of sculptures by August Gaul, as well as works by French artists: Lucien Andrion, Maurice de Vlamick, Eduard Vuillard and Maximilien Luce and.",
"They also collected drawings and engravings.",
"Many artworks had been purchased by the Goldschmidts in the Berliner Paul Cassirer Salon.",
"The Goldschmidts loaned works to exhibitions, like the 1920 Silesian Association of Artists (Künstlerbund Schlesien)."
],
[
"Nazi era",
"When Adolf Hilter came to power in Germany in 1933, the Goldschmidts were persecuted under Nazi anti-Jewish laws.",
"Goldschmidt was forced to resign from his position as president of Schlesische Getreide-Kreditbank AG.",
"In accordance with the Nazi race laws, his businesses were \"aryanized\", that is forceably transferred to non-Jewish owners..",
"The Goldschmidts' three sons were expelled from Germany and fled to safety in the United States, the United Kingdom and then in British-controlled Palestine.In 1936, his wife,Thea, sold nine sculptures from Auguste Gaul's series \"Der kleine Tierpark\" through the Paul Graupe auction house in Berlin.",
"A small group of paintings were sent with the Goldschmidt sons and some family friends who had also fled the country, but a large part of their collection remained in Breslau.",
"In 1937, the Goldschmidts were forced to move out of the villa on Kommendeweg into smaller accommodation at Kaiser-Wilhelm-Straße 186.Fritz was arrested by the Gestapo on Kristallnacht, the Nazi's massive anti-Jewish pogrom, in the night of November 9, 1938, but was released the next day, most likely due to his high position in the Breslau Commodity Exchange.",
"His art collection, like all Jewish art collections in the German Reich under Nazi rule, was targeted.",
"Their assets were seized or auctioned off.In 1943 the Nazis deported the Goldschmidts to Theresienstadt concentration camp, and then to the Auschwitz extermination camp, where they were murdered in 1944.Fritz was 72 and Thea was 56."
],
[
"Postwar",
"In 2015 surviving family members made a restitution claim for a painting that Fritz and Thea Goldschmidt had owned prior to the Nazi regime, ''Tyrolean Woman with Ca''t” (“Tirolerin mit Katze”) by Lovis Corinth The painting appeared at the Im Kinsky auction house in Vienna on sale from an anonymous owner.",
"The family, which was trying to locate the looted painting, asked Kinsky for information about the buyer, but the auction house refused.",
"The family's effort was publicized by the Monuments Men Foundation which printed a card with information about the painting.",
"''Tyrolean with Cat'' is one of ten art objects looted from the Goldschmidts that is currently listed on the German Lost Art Foundation's Lostart database."
],
[
"See also",
"* The Holocaust* The history of the Jews in Germany* Nuremberg Laws"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Rissi (name)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Rissi''' is a surname which originates from Riss and Risse.",
"It is also used as a feminine given name.Notable people with the name include:"
],
[
"Surname",
"*Anica Mrose Rissi, American writer*Claudio Rissi (1956–2024), Argentine actor and stage director*Mathias Rissi, Swiss New Testament scholar and teacher"
],
[
"Given name",
"*Rissi Palmer (born 1981), American country music artist"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Migrant workers in Russia"
],
[
"Introduction",
"A migrant worker cutting grass alongside the Moscow Ring Road, 2017'''Migrant workers in Russia''', commonly referred to as '''''Gastarbeiters''''' (), form a significant part of Russia's workforce since the dissolution of the Soviet Union.",
"Comprising as much as 25% of the workforce, the majority of migrant workers come from Central Asia and the South Caucasus, and often work in low-level jobs."
],
[
"History",
"The Soviet Union began to employ migrant labourers in the early 1970s, primarily taking in workers from Vietnam.",
"By 1983, numbers had reached as many as 365,000, equal to 0.25% of the total workforce at the time.",
"At the time, migrant labourers were both a means of doing work that Soviet workers were unwilling to do as well as assisting economic relations between the Soviet Union and other communist states, with remittances paying off import costs and debt owed to the Soviet Union.",
"In spite of this, the United States Central Intelligence Agency noted that migrant labour failed to resolve the Soviet Union's general labour shortage.Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, economic and living conditions largely declined throughout the countries of the former Soviet Union.",
"As among the least-affected, Russia began to take in large amounts of migrant labourers from fellow ex-Soviet states in the early 1990s, with President Boris Yeltsin signing a decree to prevent their exploitation.",
"At that time, migrant workers were largely from Ukraine and Belarus.",
"From 1995 to 2000 more than half of all migrant labourers came from outside the former Soviet Union, primarily from China, Turkey, and former Yugoslavia.Numbers of Central Asian and Transcaucasian migrants remained low until the late 1990s, and, as the Russian economy continued to improve in the early 2000s, increased labour demanded resulted in a newfound rise in labour migration, primarily from post-Soviet Central Asia and the South Caucasus.",
"By 2010, Russia had become the second-largest recipient of migrant labour of any country in the world, behind only the United States.Estimates of the percentage of migrant labourers within the workforce vary significantly.",
"Some estimates go as low as 8%, while others reach as high as 25%.The Russian invasion of Ukraine has resulted in a significant exodus of migrant workers from Russia to their home countries, owing to international sanctions imposed in response to the invasion.",
"This has resulted in negative repercussions on remittance-dependent economies as a result of Russian economic declines, and, coupled with low unemployment, resulted in a shortage of between 3.6 and 4.8 million labourers in 2023.There have also been several instances of migrant labourers being conscripted to serve in the Russian Armed Forces, and workers have been among the main targets of Russian conscription campaigns in spite of Central Asian governments warning their citizens that they would be subject to criminal prosecution if they participated in the war.",
"Russian lawmaker Pyotr Tolstoy also proposed a tax on remittances and a ban on migrant labourers from serving in certain jobs, in what sparked backlash from Uzbek lawmakers."
],
[
"Conditions",
"A migrant labourer centre in Troitsky Administrative Okrug, MoscowConditions for migrant labourers have been described as poor by news reports and human rights organisations alike, with Human Rights Watch saying that \"large numbers of these workers are subjected to abuse and exploitation by employers, employment agencies, and other intermediaries, and are victims of extortion and abuse by police and other officials.\"",
"Migrant workers have few protections and are often left uninformed of their rights.",
"As a result of scarce information in countries of origin, human trafficking and forced labour of migrants is common, and employers have been reported on some occasions as withholding labourers' passports to prevent them from leaving.Female migrant labourers have faced particular issues, including lower levels of employment and earnings compared to both male migrant workers and Russian female workers.",
"According to a 1998 study, monthly wages were 30% lower than local women and worked fewer hours than local women.",
"As a result of these differences, it would take a female migrant labourer between 14 and 17 years to reach parity with local women.",
"Assimilation of women into the labour market has also been slow compared to their male counterparts."
],
[
"Economic impact",
"Migrant labourers significantly impact the economy of both Russia and their countries of origin; remittances form large parts of the gross domestic product of Armenia, Georgia, and Tajikistan, while adding 386 billion rubles to the Russian state budget between 2015 and 2021.According to Vladimir Volokh, a professor at the State University of Management, migrant labour forms as much as 7-8% of Russia's annual GDP.",
"Countries of origin are even more significantly impacted; the National Bank of Kyrgyzstan reported in 2021 that $2.75 billion, more than a quarter of the country's GDP, came from remittances."
],
[
"In politics",
"During the 1990s Russian state policy towards migrant labourers was largely conciliatory, with laws being passed in 1994 and 1995 to allow simplified citizenship procedures for migrants from the former Soviet Union.",
"Since 2000, however, laws have increasingly restricted criteria for citizenship along ethnic lines, and politicians and Russian media have engaged in nativist rhetoric against migrant labourers.",
"Russia has used migrant labourers as a political tool, such as during the 2006 deportation of Georgians from Russia, when Georgian migrant workers (whose remittances made up at least 15% of the Georgian economy in the first half of 2006) were deported from Russia and sent back to Georgia, in a move condemned by Human Rights Watch.Russian officials have claimed the existence of links between labour migration and Jihadist groups, with director of the Federal Security Service Alexander Bortnikov saying that there were terrorist groups among migrant labourers following the 2017 Saint Petersburg Metro bombing.",
"Migrant workers have also been arrested on occasion and accused of association with Hizb ut-Tahrir, an Islamic fundamentalist group which is banned in Russia."
],
[
"Societal attitudes",
"Societal attitudes towards migrant workers in Russia are largely negative.",
"According to 2021 polling by the Levada Center, 68% of Russians believe that the government should take measures to reduce migrant labour, with another 11% favouring measures to increase migrant labour.",
"This is a decrease from 2020 polling, where 73% of individuals supported reducing migrant labour.",
"50% of those polled by the Levada Center believe that work done by migrant labourers is good for Russia and society, while 45% believe it is negative.Violent crimes and homicides against migrant labourers are widespread, particularly in southern Russia and by neo-Nazis.",
"In a 2008 report by NPR, labourers reported working as \"slaves\" and were described by the report as forming a \"segregated, second class of residents\".",
"The Russian government has cast blame for the crimes on illegal immigration, with one proposal from the Moscow municipal government arguing in favour of building separate living quarters for migrants."
],
[
"Notes"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Canonical digits"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Priest in the gesture of keeping his thumb and index joined during the Consecration of the Holy Eucharist in Novus Ordo Mass.",
"'''Canonical digits''', also referred to as '''liturgical digits''', are a posture or bodily attitude of prayer used during the celebration of the rite of the Holy Mass.",
"This gesture is performed by any Catholic priest after consecration and before ablutions, standing and joining his thumb and index finger in a circle, and holding the other fingers straight away from the palm."
],
[
"Description",
"Even when the priest strikes his chest three times saying ''Domine, non sum dignus'' (Lord, I am not worthy to receive you) before communion, he holds on to the canonical digits at that time too.Canonical digits are used during the rite of the Holy Mass by joining thumb and index in both hands separately while holding the remaining three fingers straight up.",
"The position is somewhat analog to the OK gesture or the ''Vitarka Mudrā'' in Buddhism.During the ''lavabo'', the priest washes the ends of the thumbs and index fingers, then wipes them with the manuterge.",
"As he begins the rite of consecration, the priest wipes the thumb and index of each hand making a sign of the cross on the corporal saying \"''qui pridie quam pateretur''\" (at the time he was betrayed).",
"From this moment of consecration to the ablution after communion, the priest does not separate the thumb and index finger in order to avoid any particles of the host from falling.When the priest must hold the chalice with one hand, he takes it by the knot.",
"When he holds it with both hands, he takes it, as a general rule, with the right hand by the knot, and with the left by the foot.",
"Before the consecration and after the ablution, he places his thumb in front of the knot, and all the other fingers behind."
],
[
"History",
"=== A milenary practise of reverence in the West ===On this fresco in San Clemente al Laterano, the priest is seen extending his hands rather than keeping his thumb and index joined.The practise of canonical digits is not found among the Eastern churches and little evidence is available to prove this practise before the East–West Schism in 1054.In fact, iconographic witnesses would suggest the practise was not universal even in the West during the first millennium.",
"Thus for example, it can be observed on a fresco in the lower church of San Clemente al Laterano in Rome that a priest at the altar at the end of the canon does not hold his finger and index with this caution.A new practise evolved in the 11th century.",
"According to the Cluniac Customary, written about 1068 by the monk Bernhard, the priest at the consecration should hold the host ''quattuor primis digitis ad hoc ipsum ablutis'' (with the four first fingers previously rinsed).\"",
"After the consecration, even when praying with outstretched arms, some priests began to hold those fingers which had \"touched\" the Lord's Body, pressed together, others even began this at the ablution of the fingers at the offertory.",
"In one form or another the idea soon became a general rule.",
"The practise was criticized c. 1085 by Bernold of Constance in his ''Micrologus de ecclesiasticis observationibus.",
"''In the 13th century, for French liturgist Guillaume Durand, thumb and forefinger may be parted after the consecration only ''quando oportet hostiam tangi vel signa fieri,'' which means that the fingers can be disjoined when making the sign of the cross.",
"Similar provisions where made in the ''Ordo '' of Giacomo Gaetani Stefaneschi in 1311, in the ''Liber ordinarius'' of Liege as well as in the Dominican sources of the same, dated about 1256, all insisting that the liturgical digits be kept after the ''Lavabo''.In the ''Supplementum'' of the ''Summa Theologica'', the disciples of Thomas Aquinas explain the rationale for this \"gesture of Franco-Roman piety signifying the dispositions of the religious soul\" answering an objection against those who objected unncessary \"gesticulations\": \"the thumb and first finger, after the consecration, because, with them, he had touched the consecrated body of Christ; so that if any particle cling to the fingers, it may not be scattered: and this belongs to the reverence for this sacrament.",
"\"=== A practise universally recognized with the Tridentine Mass ===Canonical digits in Jerusalem during the Solemn High Mass on Easter Sunday, 1941.The practise was made into a universal rubric by the Roman Missal promulgated by the Council of Trent which ended in 1563 insisting on the belief in the real presence in every particle of the Eucharist, in reply to doubts spread by the Protestant Reformation: \"If anyone deny that Jesus Christ is contained whole and entire under each species in the adorable sacrament of the Eucharist, and also under each particle of these species, after they are divided, let him be anathema\".",
"The Roman Missal made the practise of liturgical digits somewhat more strict: even the signa no longer formed an exception, the fingers simply remain closed: ''semper faciat si aliquod fragmentum digitis adhæreat,'' which was confirmed until the 1962 edition of the Roman Missal by Pope John XXIII.Canon law made this practise so important that being unable to use their hand or thumb or index finger constituted an impediment to Sacred orders.Father Isaac Jogues S.J., represented with the wounds of his martyrdom, and keeping his hands in prayer with canonical digits.The martyr of Isaac Jogues in 1646 comes as an exemplum for the use of canonical digits.",
"Jogues was captured by the Mohawks who severed his thumb and finger nails and gnawed the ends of his fingers off, rendering him unable to celebrate Mass properly.",
"As Church law required the Blessed Sacrament be touched with the thumb and forefinger, he returned to France to implore Pope Urban VIII for an indult.",
"He then returned to convert his captors and was martyred, thus canonizing in the blood of martyrs this reverent practise.However, in 1700, French Carthusian Lazare André Bocquillot expressed a certain criticism of a \"new practise\" born of scrupulosity which did not imitate the gestures of Jesus Christ and for that reason, the Carthusians held on to the ''orans'' position with open hands.",
"In any case, the practise taught described in manuals and taught in seminaries through to the 20th century.=== Progressive abondonment of a ''nimia cautela'' ===Canonical digits in Italy in 1965.The last time the canonical digits were insisted upon as mandatory by the Sacred Congregation for the Discipline of the Sacraments was in 1962 in an answer to a ''dubia'' regarding the use of modern chalices with a node, explaining that \"it suffices that the priest can satisfactorily hold the chaild with his thumb and index finger joined\".",
"With the Roman Instruction ''Inter ecumenici'', published by this Congregation on September 26, 1964, a series of adaptations intended to be introduced into the sacred rites were decided.",
"As a premise of the liturgical reform provided for by the Conciliar Constitution on the Liturgy ''Sacrosanctum Concilium'', these adaptations came into force on March 7, 1965.Further adaptations were added three years later in May 1967 with the instruction ''Tres abhinc annos'', according to which, after the consecration, the celebrant was authorized not keep his thumb and index finger together.",
"But if any fragment remains attached to the fingers, he should place them on the paten.French author Jacques Perret lamented what he called \"the liberation of the thumb and the index\",We had understood from childhood that these two fingers, as if sealed by the new alliance, no longer wanted to grasp anything, no longer touched anything that was of this world, at least until the ablutions.",
"We saw in it the summary of an infinitely devout precaution, humbly limited in time because divine institutions must have their economy here below, but the time that these two privileged fingers remained joined was sufficient and necessary to bear witness to an ineffable contact.",
"And from childhood we were sensitive to the light effort which slightly complicated the ritual manipulations to better convince us that transubstantiation was accomplished.",
"And there again we would no longer have the right to be faithful to childhood.In 2012, in the wake of the motu proprio ''Summorum Pontificum'' promulgated by Pope Benedict XVI, many priests, and bishops, such as Bishop Marc Aillet, recommended the return of this old practise, out of mutual enrichment between old and new rites of the Mass.",
"Many priests celebrating the Roman rite therefore still use canonical digits by devotion alone for the real presence as it is no longer required by text and rubrics of the Roman Canon."
],
[
"Interpretation",
"=== A reverend discipline ===First and foremost, the canonical digits are a sign of reverence imposed by the discipline of the Catholic Church.",
"The gesture is performed to avoid any of the particles to fall off from the paten, the corporal or even the altar, by using the necessary precautions.",
"According to the Roman proverb, ''nimia cautela non nocet'': excessive caution cannot hurt.=== An attitude of prayer ===According to Romano Guardini, the outward attitude of the body in Catholic liturgy is also presumed to be informed by an inward attitude of the soul.",
"The canonical digits are also thefore often interpreted as a sign of the priest's focus on the real presence during the rite of consecration.",
"Thus, similar to the ''Vitarka Mudrā'' in Buddhism, the canonical digits can help to convey an attitude of prayer."
],
[
"See also",
"* Panagia* Worship"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Philip Chan (businessman)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Philip Chan Man Ping''' (born 1964) is a Singaporean businessman."
],
[
"Early life",
"Chan was born in 1964 to a Teochew family in Hong Kong and was the fifth son."
],
[
"Career",
"First working as a dispatch boy in small company, where Chan learned English, he was soon promoted to be a deputy in the company's sales department.",
"With investment from a former client, he began his own business with his two brothers and took charge of sales and shipping in Vietnam, Hong Kong and China.",
"Chan is the managing director at Wen Way Investments and Mutual Benefits Realty and also serves as the chief executive of C&H Properties.",
"He was also the founder of China Link Education Consultancy."
],
[
"Community work",
"Chan was a patron of the Kampong Chai Chee Citizens’ Consultative Committee and the Bukit Timah Community Club management committee.",
"He stepped down from his appointments after being designated as a \"politically significant person\" by the Singapore Ministry of Home Affairs."
],
[
"Personal life",
"In 1990, Chan came to Singapore and became a naturalised citizen in 1993.On 2 February 2024, the Singapore Ministry of Home Affairs has designated Chan as a \"politically significant person\" under the country's Foreign Interference (Countermeasures) Act 2021, due to his perceived vulnerability to external influence from foreign actors.",
"The first invokion of the law, observers noted how the Singapore government was prepared to tackle against Chinese influence in the country."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Gregory Petrov"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Metropolitan Gregory''' (, secular name '''Andrey Vladimirovich Petrov''', ); born 26 December 1974 in Lyubim, Yaroslavl Oblast) is a bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church.",
"Titular metropolitan of Voskresensk, first vicar of the Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus' for the city of Moscow.",
"Chancellor of the Moscow Patriarchate (since 2023), permanent member of the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church and it's secretary."
],
[
"Biography",
"He was baptized in infancy.",
"From childhood he served at the altar and sang in the choir of the Presentation of Mary Church in Lyubim.In 1992, after graduating from high school, he entered the physics department of Yaroslavl State University.",
"He combined his studies at the university with performing his duties as a psalm-reader at the Holy Cross Church in the city of Yaroslavl.After graduating from the university in 1997, he entered the Moscow Theological Seminary.",
"After completing his studies at the seminary in 2000, he entered the Moscow Theological Academy, from which he graduated in June 2004 with a candidate of theology degree for the thesis “The Epistle to the Colossians of the Holy Apostle Paul in Russian Biblical Studies.” The Educational Committee of the Russian Orthodox Church was sent to the Diocese of Perm and appointed as a teacher at the Perm Theological College.On July 11, 2004, Bishop Irenarch (Grezin) of Perm and Solikamsk ordained him a celibate deacon, and on July 12, 2004, he was ordained a priest.In 2004-2007 he was the head of the office of the Perm diocesan administration.On November 1, 2006, he was appointed rector of the Church of St. Mitrophan of Voronezh in Perm.",
"On April 28, 2007, he was appointed vice-rector for academic affairs of the Perm Theological College.In January 2009, he participated in the 2009 convocation of the Local Council of the Russian Orthodox Church.On May 3, 2009, he was tonsured a monk with the name Gregory in honor of St. Gregory Palamas.In March 2010, he was released from obedience in the Diocese of Perm, added to the staff and left for Moscow to carry out church obedience in the newly formed Synodal Department for Prison Ministry, which was headed by Bishop Irenarch (Grezin), who became Bishop of Krasnogorsk, vicar of the Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus'.On July 26, 2010, by decision of the Holy Synod, he was appointed deputy chairman of the Synodal Department for Prison Ministry.In June 2011, he completed a two-year advanced training course at the All-Church Postgraduate and Doctoral Studies.On October 5, 2011, by decision of the Holy Synod, he was released from the post of deputy chairman of the Synodal Department for Prison Ministry and placed at the disposal of the Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus'.On December 20, 2011, by order of Patriarch Kirill, he was appointed assistant to the head of the Administrative Secretariat of the Moscow Patriarchate.On May 10, 2012, by decree of Patriarch Kirill, he was appointed full-time priest of the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity, Patriarchal Metochion in Ostankino, Moscow.On December 26, 2013, by decision of the Holy Synod, he was elected Bishop of Troistk and Yuzhnouralsk.",
"On January 9, 2014, in the Church of All Saints, the Patriarchal and Synodal Residence in Danilov Monastery, Metropolitan Barsanuphius Sudakov of Saransk and Mordovia, he was elevated to the rank of archimandrite.",
"On January 24, 2014, in the Church of All Saints, those who shone in the Russian land, the Patriarchal residence in the Danilov Monastery in Moscow, he was nominated bishop.",
"On March 16, 2014, in the Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Krylatskoye, the consecration of Archimandrite Gregory (Petrov) as Bishop of Troitsk and Yuzhnouralsk was performed, which was performed by: Patriarch Kirill, Metropolitan Barsanuphius (Sudakov) of Saransk and Mordovia, Metropolitan Arsenius (Yepifanov) of Istra, Metropolitan Kirill (Nakonechny) of Yekaterinburg and Verkhoturye, Metropolitan Theophan (Ashurkov) of Chelyabinsk and Zlatoust, Bishop Ignatius (Punin) of Vyborg and Priozersk, Bishop Sergius (Chashin) of Solnechnogorsk, Bishop Benjamin (Likhomanov) of Rybinsk and Uglich, Bishop Innocent (Vasetsky) of Magnitogorsk and Verkhneuralsk.From November 17 to 28, 2014, in Moscow, he attended two-week advanced training courses for newly installed bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church.On December 28, 2018, by decision of the Holy Synod, he was appointed Bishop of Chelyabinsk and Miass, head of the Metropolinate of Chelyabinsk, with the assignment of temporary management of the Diocese of Troitsk.On January 3, 2019, in the Dormition Cathedral in the Moscow Kremlin, Patriarch Kirill elevated him to the rank of metropolitan.On April 15, 2021, he was appointed Metropolitan of Yekaterinodar and Kuban, head of the Metropolitanate of Kuban.In 2022, he supported Russian invasion of Ukraine.",
"In July 2022, as having “supported Russia’s aggression against Ukraine,” the FBK was added to the list of warmongers, consisting of individuals who “use their religious organizations to promote aggression and mass murder,” with a proposal to impose international sanctions against him.On October 11, 2023, by decision of the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church, he was appointed Chancellor of the Moscow Patriarchate and Permanent Member of the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church with the title “of Voskresensk”, first vicar of the Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus' for the city of Moscow and manager of the Central Vicariate of the of Diocese of Moscow city, secretary of the Inter-Council Presence, chairman of the General Church the disciplinary commission under the Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus', the chairman of the Interdepartmental Working Group for coordinating assistance provided to the dioceses of Donbass and adjacent territories located in the conflict zone, and the abbot of the Novospassky Monastery with his release from the management of the Diocese of Yekaterinodar and the Metropolitanate of Kuban and an expression of gratitude for the work incurred."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Aluminium arsenide antimonide"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Aluminium arsenide antimonide''', or '''AlAsSb''' (AlAs1-xSbx), is a ternary III-V semiconductor compound.",
"It can be considered as an alloy between aluminium arsenide and aluminium antimonide.",
"The alloy can contain any ratio between arsenic and antimony.",
"AlAsSb refers generally to any composition of the alloy."
],
[
"Preparation",
"AlAsSb films have been grown by molecular beam epitaxy and metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on gallium arsenide, gallium antimonide and indium arsenide substrates.",
"It is typically incorporated into layered heterostructures with other III-V compounds."
],
[
"Structural and Electronic Properties",
"Dependence of the direct and indirect band gaps of AlAsSb on composition at room temperature (T = 300 K).The room temperature (T = 300 K) bandgap and lattice constant of AlAsSb alloys are between those of pure AlAs (a = 0.566 nm, Eg = 2.16 eV) and AlSb (a = 0.614 nm, Eg = 1.62 eV).",
"Over all compositions, the bandgap is indirect, like it is in pure AlAs and AlSb.",
"AlAsSb shares the same zincblende crystal structure as AlAs and AlSb."
],
[
"Applications",
"AlAsSb can be lattice-matched to GaSb, InAs and InP substrates, making it useful for heterostructures grown on these substrates.AlAsSb is occasionally employed as a wide-bandgap barrier layer in InAsSb-based infrared barrier photodetectors.",
"In these devices, a thin layer of AlAsSb is grown between doped, smaller-bandgap InAsSb layers.",
"These device geometries are frequently referred to as \"nbn\" or \"nbp\" photodetectors, indicating a sequence of an n-doped layer, followed by a barrier layer, followed by an n- or p-doped layer.",
"A large discontinuity is introduced into the conduction band minimum by the AlAsSb barrier layer, which restricts the flow of electrons (but not holes) through the photodetector in a manner that reduces the photodetector's dark current and improves its noise characteristics."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Sombe"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Sombe''' also known as '''Cassava leaves stew''' is a type of stew native to the Bakonzo in Uganda and also in the Eastern DRC, Burudians, Banyarwanda.",
"It is traditionally made from freshly mashed cassava leaves as the main ingredient mixed with either fish or ground nuts paste or any type of meat such as beef, goat's meet, pork.",
"Sombe is served majorly with Bundu (also known as mingled Tapioca, Kalo (In Luganda), fufu (in Lingala) but it can also be served with rice, posho, matooke, Ggonja (plantain)."
],
[
"Ingredients",
"'''The main ingredients of sombe include'''; * Fresh pound cassava leaves, palm oil, dried or smoked fish, one or more type of meat such as pork, beef.",
"'''Other ingredients that can be used included;''' * Onions, okra, ground nuts, spinach, lenga-lenga (amaranth leaves), green paper, red pepper, garlic, tomatoes, pumpkin leaves, salt, egg plants."
],
[
"Preparation of Sombe",
"Sombe is commonly prepared by the Bakonzo.",
"But it is also prepared by the Congolese, the Rwandese and also other tribes in Uganda.=== Picking of the cassava leaves ===The young and tender cassava leaves with their leaf stalks are picked from the garden at anytime of the day but it is recommended that they are harvested in the morning so that they can be sun dried for 1 to 3 hours to reduce on the sap content in them.",
"If the leaves are not sun dried, they can be can be dry fried in a sauce pan which is on fire to reduce the sap content in the leaves.",
"The cassava buds and top two cassava leaves are recommended to be harvested as they are soft and will take a shorter time to get ready when cooked.=== Mashing/pounding of the cassava leaves ===* Before pounding the softened young tender cassava leaves, the leaf stalks have to be plucked off from the leaves themselves.",
"* The leaves are then washed using hot/warm water to remove small insects and snails, pupa, dust and debris.",
"* Then the leaves are put in a either a wooden or metallic mortar and pounded until they soften.",
"To make the leaves soften faster, other ingredients such as yam leaves, spinach or the inner white part of the banana plant bud (that is gotten after peeling of the dark reddish-purple modified leaves called bracts) are pounded together with pounded cassava leaves in the same mortar until the mix up.=== Cooking of the pounded cassava leaves ===After pounding the cassava leaves, it is optional to re-wash the leaves before they are put in a boiling pot or sauce pan.",
"There two ways of boiling the sombe and these are; ==== Cooking of sombe using palm oil ====Palm oil is poured in a sauce pan or pot and boiled on medium heat until it is ready and water is added to it.",
"The mixture is put on fire until the water boils.",
"Then the pounded cassava leaves are then added to the boiling water - palm oil mixture and it is boiled for about 40 minutes to 1 hour until it is ready.",
"When boiling the sauce pan is not covered so that the Hydrocyanic acid (HCN) evaporates from boiling pounded cassava leaves.==== Cooking using vegetable oil ====Sombe can be cooked using vegetable oil as an alternative to palm oil.=== Adding of the other spices ===Other spices such as tomatoes, garlic, salt, curry powder, vegetables, green paper, red pepper among others are first prepared separately in another pot ot sauce either by boiling or frying them.",
"They are added to the boiled cassava leaves when the meat or fish is being added.",
"Or they can be added about 15 to 10 minutes before adding the meat, fish or peanuts.",
"Even raw spices such as onions, garlic can be added to the boiled cassava leaves.=== Adding of the meat or fish or ground nuts to the boiled cassava leaves ======= Adding the fish ====The smoked or dried salted fish commonly known as Makayabu has to be first soaked in warm water to reduce on the salt content as the salt will dissolve in the warm or hot water and also soften that fish.The soaked fish is then added to the already boiled cassava leaves and then it is again boiled for one hour and the result is Sombe.==== Adding a type of meat ====The chosen type of meat such as pork, beef, goat meat is first prepared separately before adding it in the already boiled cassava leaves.",
"It can be first roasted, boiled and then fried until it is ready or it can be roasted and then deep fried in cooking oil.",
"The ready meat is then added to the already boiled cassava leaves and then it is again boiled for one hour and the result is Sombe.==== Adding peanuts ====For the people who do not eat meat, peanuts are usually added to the sombe.",
"They are first ground into a paste which is then mixed with water and stirred to make a syrup.",
"When the cassava leaves are ready, they are mixed with the peanut syrup and boiled for about 40 minutes to 1 hour.=== Serving sombe ===Sombe is served hot with rice, Kalo (mingled tapioca),sweet potatoes, boiled cassava, posho among other foods of ones choice."
],
[
"See also",
"* List of stews* Food portal* Eshabwe* Malewa* Firinda* Kikomando"
],
[
"External links",
"* Daily Monitor: Cassava; an all-round delicacy* Just Libby: How To Cook 🇧🇮&🇷🇼 Cassava Leaves (SOMBE)"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Fifty Years of Alaskan Statehood"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Fifty Years of Alaskan Statehood''' is an mountain summit in the US state of Alaska."
],
[
"Description",
"Fifty Years of Alaskan Statehood is located in the Fairweather Range of the Saint Elias Mountains.",
"It is set within Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve and is situated northwest of Mount Bertha.",
"Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains to Johns Hopkins Inlet where cruise ships allow views of the peak and the Johns Hopkins Glacier.",
"Although modest in elevation, topographic relief is significant as the summit rises up from tidewater in and the north face rises 6,100 feet (1,860 m) in .",
"The first ascent of the summit was made on May 2, 2009, by Paul Knott and Guy McKinnon, who also named this peak.",
"The mountain's toponym has not been officially adopted by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names, and it will remain unofficial as long as the USGS policy of not adopting new toponyms in designated wilderness areas remains in effect."
],
[
"Climate",
"Based on the Köppen climate classification, Fifty Years of Alaskan Statehood is located in a tundra climate zone, with long, cold, snowy winters, and cool summers.",
"Weather systems coming off the Gulf of Alaska are forced upwards by the Saint Elias Mountains (orographic lift), causing heavy precipitation in the form of rainfall and snowfall.",
"Winter temperatures can drop below 0 °F with wind chill factors below −10 °F.",
"The months May through June offer the most favorable weather for viewing or climbing the peak."
],
[
"See also",
"*Geography of Alaska"
],
[
"Gallery",
"File:Fifty Years of Alaskan Statehood and Mount Orville.jpg|Fifty Years of Alaskan Statehood (left) and Mount Orville (right) viewed from Johns Hopkins InletFile:Closeup of Johns Hopkins Glacier.jpg|Fifty Years of Alaskan Statehood (left) and Mount Orville (right) from Johns Hopkins InletFile:Abbe Johns Hopkins.jpg|Mt.",
"Abbe (left), Fifty Years of Alaskan Statehood (center), and Mt.",
"Orville (right)File:Johns Hopkins Glacier, tidewater glacier, hanging glaciers, aretes and mountain glaciers, August 23, 1976 (GLACIERS 5512).jpg|Mt.",
"Abbe (left), Fifty Years of Alaskan Statehood (center), and Mt.",
"Orville (right)File:Johns Hopkins, Mount Bertha and Mount Crillon, tidewater glacier and icefall, September 12, 1973 (GLACIERS 5509).jpg|Mt.",
"Bertha (upper left), Mt.",
"Crillon (top), Fifty Years of Alaskan Statehood (right)File:Johns Hopkins Glacier, tidewater glacier, hanging glaciers and icefall, September 12, 1973 (GLACIERS 5504).jpg|Fifty Years of Alaskan Statehood (left of center) and Mt.",
"Crillon (upper left)"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Account of first ascent: americanalpineclub.org* Photo by Paul Knott: American Alpine Journal"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Tournefortia gnaphalodes"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Tournefortia gnaphalodes''''', the '''sea lavender''', '''bay lavender''', '''sea rosemary''', '''iodine bush''', or '''beach heliotrope''', is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae.",
"It is native to Florida, Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, Bermuda, northeastern Colombia, and Venezuela.",
"A semisucculent evergreen shrub reaching , it is typically found in coastal areas.",
"Occasionally cultivated as an ornamental, it is often used for dune stabilization."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"MyNoise"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''MyNoise''' (stylised as '''myNoise''') is a white noise website and app created by Stéphane Pigeon.",
"It offers many different natural soundscapes, as well as synthetic noises such as white noise."
],
[
"History",
"MyNoise was created in 2013 by Stéphane Pigeon, a Belgian audio processing engineer, sound designer, and electrical engineer.",
"By April 2016, the website was one of the top 10,000 visited websites in the United States.",
"In 2018, it received a million page views per month.",
"Pigeon personally records soundscapes for the website, such as rainfall, wind, and thunder.",
"Soundscapes can be blended together by users to create a personalised experience.",
"There are also various synthetic noise generators, such as white noise.",
"The app also allows users to conduct a hearing test to optimise the sound generators for their environment.",
"The sound generators are separated into frequencies or specific sounds, allowing users to refine the soundscapes to their tastes.Development on an Android version of MyNoise began in April 2015, with an early beta becoming available in October of that year and the completed app releasing in January 2017.The app was redesigned during 2023 due to changes to Android; it re-released in December 2023.An iOS app was released in 2014.The mobile versions of MyNoise have some free soundscapes, but offer a bundle of more for $10.The web version is mostly free, but some features can be unlocked with a one-time donation.",
"All donations go towards running the website and app.In 2020, MyNoise surged in popularity due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with soundscapes such as \"Calm Office\" being used by people working from home, to replicate the typical sounds of their workplace."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Souq al-Hillah"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Souq al-Hillah''' (), also known as '''Souq al-Mūsīqi''' () is a traditional marketplace (''souq'') and a popular tourist attraction in the al-Oud neighborhood of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, located in the al-Bat'ha commercial area.",
"It emerged in 1955 in the present-day ad-Dirah neighborhood, and was later relocated to Hillat al-Ahrar during the expansion of the metropolis.",
"The souq includes more than 50 shops that specialize in the sale of musical instruments, such as ''Oud'' and ''Rebab.''",
"The souq gets flocked by locals during the month of Ramadan to purchase household items for decoration and is also known to be a major wet market.The souq thrived between the 1960s and 1980s, a time considered to be the golden era for music and singing in Saudi Arabia, but was severely impacted from the 1980s onward when religious clerics were given more authority over public life in the country.",
"The souq has been visited by artists like Talal Maddah, Naseer Shamma, Taher al-Ahsa'i, Saad Abdullah al-Houti and Mazal bin Farhan."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Edward Gorsuch"
],
[
"Introduction",
"\"The Christiana Tragedy\", an 1872 depiction of the shooting of Edward Gorsuch.",
"'''Edward Gorsuch''' (April 18, 1795 September 11, 1851) was a Maryland slaveholder, known for his role in the Christiana Riot.",
"Gorsuch went from Maryland to Pennsylvania to retrieve slaves that had escaped, which he was legally allowed to do under the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850.However, he was confronted by black Slave Act Protesters and killed in the exchange of gunfire."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"List of urban local bodies in Maharashtra"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Maharashtra has 29 Municipal Corporations, 232 Municipal councils and 125 Nagar Panchayats.",
"These Urban local bodies are governed by Maharashtra Municipal Corporations Act, 1949, Mumbai Municipal Corporation Act, 1888 and The Maharashtra Municipal Councils, Nagar Panchayats and Industrial Townships Act, 1965."
],
[
"List of municipal corporations",
"Municipal Corporations in Maharashtra are further classified into 4 category.+Class AS.NoNameUrl1Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporationhttp://www.mcgm.gov.in/2Bhiwandi-Nizampur Municipal Corporationhttps://bncmc.gov.in/3Nagpur Municipal Corporationhttps://www.nmcnagpur.gov.in/4Pune Municipal Corporationhttps://pmc.gov.in/landing/mar.html+Class BS.NoNameUrl1Thane Municipal Corporationhttps://thanecity.gov.in/tmc/CitizenHome.html2Ahmednagar Municipal Corporationhttps://amc.gov.in/3Nashik Municipal Corporationhttps://www.nmc.gov.in/4Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporationhttps://www.pcmcindia.gov.in/marathi/+Class CS.NoNameUrl1Aurangabad Municipal Corporationhttps://aurangabadmahapalika.org/2Vasai-Virar City Municipal Corporationhttps://vvcmc.in/3Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporationhttps://www.nmmc.gov.in/navimumbai/4Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporationhttps://kdmc.gov.in/kdmc/CitizenHome.html+Class DS.NoNameUrl1Akola Municipal Corporationhttps://amcakola.in/2Amravati Municipal Corporationhttps://amtcorp.org/3Latur Municipal Corporationhttps://mclatur.org/4Nanded-Waghala Municipal Corporationhttps://www.nwcmc.gov.in/web/home?uid=1&id=MAR5Parbhani Municipal Corporationhttp://pcmcparbhani.gov.in/6Panvel Municipal Corporationhttps://www.panvelcorporation.com/7Mira-Bhayandar Municipal Corporationhttps://www.mbmc.gov.in/8Ulhasnagar Municipal Corporationhttp://www.umc.gov.in:8080/umc/UMCWEB/English/index.html9Chandrapur Municipal Corporationhttps://www.cmcchandrapur.com/pages/home.php10Municipal Corporationhttp://www.dhulecorporation.org/singleIndex.jsp?orgid=8611Jalgaon Municipal Corporationhttp://www.jcmc.gov.in/12Malegaon Municipal Corporationhttp://malegaoncorporation.org/website/13Kolhapur Municipal Corporationhttps://www.kolhapurcorporation.gov.in/14Sangali-Miraj-Kupwad Municipal Corporationhttps://smkc.gov.in/15Solapur Municipal Corporationhttps://www.solapurcorporation.gov.in/"
],
[
"List of municipal councils",
"+Class AS.NoNameUrl1Achalpur Municipal Council2Yavatmal Municipal Council3Beed Municipal Council4Jalna Municipal Council5Udgir Municipal Council6Osmanabad Municipal Council7Ambarnath Municipal Council8Kulgaon Badlapur Municipal Council9Gondia Municipal Council10Hingan Ghat Municipal Council11Wardha Municipal Council12Bhusawal Municipal Council13Nandurbar Municipal Council14Ichalkaranji Municipal Council15Baramati Municipal Council16Satara Municipal Council17Barshi Municipal Council+Class BS.NoNameUrl1Murtizapur Municipal Council2Balapur Municipal Council3Akot Municipal Council4Anjangaon Surji Municipal Council5Warud Municipal Council6Nandura Municipal Council7Shegaon Municipal Council8Chikhli Municipal Council9Buldhana Municipal Council10Mehkar Municipal Council11Khamgaon Municipal Council12Malkapur - Buldhana Municipal Council13Washim Municipal Council14Karanja Municipal Council15Wani Municipal Council16Pusad Municipal Council17Digras Municipal Council18Umarkhed Municipal Council19Kannada Municipal Council20Vaijapur Municipal Council21Paithan Municipal Council22Sillod Municipal Council23Ambejogai Municipal Council24Majalgaon Municipal Council25Parli Vaijinath Municipal Council26Hingoli Municipal Council27Basmatnagar Municipal Council28Ahmedpur Municipal Council29Deglur Municipal Council30Sailu Municipal Council31Gangakhed Municipal Council32Jintur Municipal Council33Dahanu Municipal Council34Palghar Municipal Council35Khopoli Municipal Council36Ratnagiri Municipal Council37Chiplun Municipal Council38Bhandara Municipal Council39Tumsar Municipal Council40Warora Municipal Council41Bhadravati Municipal Council42Ballarpur Municipal Council43Gadchiroli Municipal Council44Katol Municipal Council45Umred Municipal Council46Wadi Municipal Council47Kamptee Municipal Council48Arvi Municipal Council49Shrirampur Municipal Council50Sangamner Municipal Council51Kopargaon Municipal Council52Shirpur-Varwade Municipal Council53Dondaicha-Varwade Municipal Council54Jamner Municipal Council55Chopda Municipal Council56Amalner Municipal Council57Chalisgaon Municipal Council58Pachora Municipal Council59Shahada Municipal Council60Sinnar Municipal Council61Yeola Municipal Council62Manmad Municipal Council63Jaysingpur Municipal Council64Talegaon Dhabade Municipal Council65Daund Municipal Council66Chakan Municipal Council67Lonavala Municipal Council68Vita Municipal Council69Islampur Municipal Council70Karad Municipal Council71Phaltan Municipal Council72Pandharpur Municipal Council73Akkalkot Municipal Council+Class CS.NoNameUrl1Telhara Municipal Council2Patur Municipal Council3Chikhaldara Hill Station Municipal Council4Shendurjana Ghat Municipal Council5Dhamangaon Municipal Council6Daryapur Municipal Council7ChandurRailway Municipal Council8ChandurBazaar Municipal Council9Morshi Municipal Council10Deulgaon Raja Municipal Council11Sindkhed Raja Municipal Council12Lonar Municipal Council13Jalgaon Jamod Municipal Council14Mangrulpir Municipal Council15Risod Municipal Council16Darwha Municipal Council17Ghatanji Municipal Council18Ner Nababpur Nagar Parishad19Pandharkawada Municipal Council20Arni Municipal Council21Gangapur Municipal Council22Khuldabad Municipal Council23Dharur Municipal Council24Gevrai Municipal Council25Kalamnuri Municipal Council26Ambad Municipal Council27Bhokardan Municipal Council28Partur Municipal Council29Nilanga Municipal Council30Ausa Municipal Council31Umri Municipal Council32Kundalwadi Municipal Council33Mudkhed Municipal Council34Mukhed Municipal Council35Dharmabad Municipal Council36Biloli Municipal Council37Hadgaon Municipal Council38Kinwat Municipal Council39Kandhar Municipal Council40Bhokar Municipal Council41Loha Municipal Council42Bhoom Municipal Council43Tuljapur Municipal Council44Murum Municipal Council45Kalamb Municipal Council46Paranda Municipal Council47Omerga Municipal Council48Naldurg Municipal Council49Manwath Municipal Council50Pathri Municipal Council51Purna Municipal Council52Sonpeth Municipal Council53Jawhar Municipal Council54Alibag Municipal Council55Shrivardhan Municipal Council56Karjat Municipal Council57Roha Municipal Council58Mahad Municipal Council59Murud-Janjira Municipal Council60Pen Municipal Council61Uran Municipal Council62Matheran Municipal Council63Khed Municipal Council64Rajapur Municipal Council65Vengurla Municipal Council66Malvan Municipal Council67Sawantvadi Municipal Council68Sakoli Municipal Council69Pavani Municipal Council70Nagbhid Municipal Council71Gadchandur Municipal Council72Chimur Municipal Council73Mool Municipal Council74Rajura Municipal Council75Bramhapuri Municipal Council76Desaiganj (Wadsa) Municipal Council77Tirora Municipal Council78Kanhann Pimpari Municipal Council79Mohapa Municipal Council80Khapa Municipal Council81Ramtek Municipal Council82Mowad Municipal Council83Narkhed Municipal Council84Wanadongari Municipal Council85Savner Municipal Council86Kalmeshwar Municipal Council87Pulgaon Municipal Council88Sindi Municipal Council89Deoli Municipal Council90Devlali Pravara Municipal Council91Rahata Pimplas Municipal Council92Pathardi Municipal Council93Sevgaon Municipal Council94Jamkhed Municipal Council95Rahuri Municipal Council96Srigonda Municipal Council97Bhadgaon Municipal Council98Dharangaon Municipal Council99Erandol Municipal Council100Faizpur Municipal Council101Yawal Municipal Council102Varangaon Municipal Council103Raver Municipal Council104Parola Municipal Council105Savda Municipal Council106Navapur Municipal Council107Taloda Municipal Council108Chandwad Municipal Council109Trimbak Municipal Council110Bhagur Municipal Council111Satana Municipal Council112Nandgaon Municipal Council113Igatpuri Municipal Council114Kagal Municipal Council115Gadhinglaj Municipal Council116Vadgaon Municipal Council117Murgud Municipal Council118Kurundwad Municipal Council119Panhala Municipal Council120Malkapur Municipal Council121Bhor Municipal Council122Rajgurunagar Municipal Council123Alandi Municipal Council124Saswad Municipal Council125Junnar Municipal Council126Indapur Municipal Council127Shirur Municipal Council128Jejuri Municipal Council129Jat Municipal Council130Ashta Municipal Council131Tasgaon Municipal Council132Palus Municipal Council133Panchgani Municipal Council134Wai Municipal Council135Mahabaleshwar Municipal Council136Mhaswad Municipal Council137Rahimatpur Municipal Council138Mohol Municipal Council139Maindargi Municipal Council140Sangola Municipal Council141Karmala Municipal Council142Dudhani Municipal Council143Mangalwedha Municipal Council144Kurduvadi Municipal Council"
],
[
"List of Nagar Panchayats",
"+S.NoDivisionDistrictName1AMRAVATIAkolaBarshi Takali Nagar Panchayat2AMRAVATIAmravatiBhatkuli Nagar Panchayat3AMRAVATIAmravatiNandgaon Khandeshwar Nagar Panchayat4AMRAVATIAmravatiDharani Nagar Panchayat5AMRAVATIAmravatiTeosa Nagar Panchayat6AMRAVATIBuldhanaMotala Nagar Panchayat7AMRAVATIBuldhanaSangrampur Nagar Panchayat8AMRAVATIWashimMalegaon Nagar Panchayat9AMRAVATIWashimManora Nagar Panchayat10AMRAVATIYavatmalZari Jamni Nagar Panchayat11AMRAVATIYavatmalRalegaon Nagar Panchayat12AMRAVATIYavatmalBabhulgaon Nagar Panchayat13AMRAVATIYavatmalMahagaon Nagar Panchayat14AMRAVATIYavatmalMaregaon Nagar Panchayat15AMRAVATIYavatmalKalamb Nagar Panchayat16AURANGABADAurangabadSoyagaon Nagar Panchayat17AURANGABADAurangabadPhulambri Nagar Panchayat18AURANGABADBeedShirur Kasar Nagar Panchayat19AURANGABADBeedKej Nagar Panchayat20AURANGABADBeedWadwani Nagar Panchayat21AURANGABADBeedPatoda Nagar Panchayat22AURANGABADBeedAshti Nagar Panchayat23AURANGABADHingoliSengaon Nagar Panchayat24AURANGABADHingoliAundha Nagnath Nagar Panchayat25AURANGABADJalnaBadnapur Nagar Panchayat26AURANGABADJalnaMantha Nagar Panchayat27AURANGABADJalnaGhansawangi Nagar Panchayat28AURANGABADJalnaJapharabad Nagar Panchayat29AURANGABADLaturShirur Anantpal Nagar Panchayat30AURANGABADLaturDevani Nagar Panchayat31AURANGABADLaturJalkot Nagar Panchayat32AURANGABADLaturChakur Nagar Panchayat33AURANGABADLaturRenapur Nagar Panchayat34AURANGABADNandedArdhapur Nagar Panchayat35AURANGABADNandedMahur Nagar Panchayat36AURANGABADNandedNaygaon Nagar Panchayat37AURANGABADNandedHimayatnagar Nagar Panchayat38AURANGABADOsmanabadLohara Bu Nagar Panchayat39AURANGABADOsmanabadWashi Nagar Panchayat40AURANGABADParbhaniPalam Nagar Panchayat41KONKANPalgharTalasari Nagar Panchayat42KONKANPalgharWada Nagar Panchayat43KONKANPalgharVikramgad Nagar Panchayat44KONKANPalgharMokhada Nagar Panchayat45KONKANRaigadMhasala Nagar Panchayat46KONKANRaigadMangaon Nagar Panchayat47KONKANRaigadKhalapur Nagar Panchayat48KONKANRaigadPoladpur Nagar Panchayat49KONKANRaigadTala Nagar Panchayat50KONKANRatnagiriLanja Nagar Panchayat51KONKANRatnagiriDevrukh Nagar Panchayat52KONKANRatnagiriGuhagar Nagar Panchayat53KONKANRatnagiriMandangad Nagar Panchayat54KONKANRatnagiriDapoli Municipal Council55KONKANSindhudurgDevgadjamsande Nagar Panchayat56KONKANSindhudurgKankavli Municipal Council57KONKANSindhudurgKasai-Dodamarg Nagar Panchayat58KONKANSindhudurgVaibhavwadi Nagar Panchayat59KONKANSindhudurgKudal Nagar Panchayat60KONKANThaneMurbad Nagar Panchayat61KONKANThaneShahapur Nagar Panchayat62NAGPURBhandaraLakhani Nagar Panchayat63NAGPURBhandaraMohadi Nagar Panchayat64NAGPURBhandaraLakhandur Nagar Panchayat65NAGPURChandrapurJiwati Nagar Panchayat66NAGPURChandrapurSindewahi Nagar Panchayat67NAGPURChandrapurPombhurna Nagar Panchayat68NAGPURChandrapurKorpana Nagar Panchayat69NAGPURChandrapurGondpimpri Nagar Panchayat70NAGPURChandrapurSawali Nagar Panchayat71NAGPURGadchiroliDhanora Nagar Panchayat72NAGPURGadchiroliChamoshi Nagar Panchayat73NAGPURGadchiroliKorchi Nagar Panchayat74NAGPURGadchiroliKurkheda Nagar Panchayat75NAGPURGadchiroliMulchera Nagar Panchayat76NAGPURGadchiroliSironcha Nagar Panchayat77NAGPURGadchiroliArmori Nagar Panchayat78NAGPURGadchiroliAetapalli Nagar Panchayat79NAGPURGadchiroliBhamragad Nagar Panchayat80NAGPURGadchiroliAhiri Nagar Panchayat81NAGPURGondiaArjuni Nagar Panchayat82NAGPURGondiaAmgaon Nagar Panchayat83NAGPURGondiaGoregaon Nagar Panchayat84NAGPURGondiaSadak-Arjuni Nagar Panchayat85NAGPURGondiaSalekasa Nagar Panchayat86NAGPURGondiaDeori Nagar Panchayat87NAGPURNagpurParshiwani Nagar Panchayat88NAGPURNagpurHingana Nagar Panchayat89NAGPURNagpurDhiwapur Nagar Panchayat90NAGPURNagpurMahadula Municipal Council91NAGPURNagpurMouda Municipal Council92NAGPURNagpurKuhi Nagar Panchayat93NAGPURWardhaAshti Nagar Panchayat94NAGPURWardhaSelu Nagar Panchayat95NAGPURWardhaKaranja Nagar Panchayat96NAGPURWardhaSamudrapur Nagar Panchayat97NASIKAhmednagarParner Nagar Panchayat98NASIKAhmednagarNevasa Nagar Panchayat99NASIKAhmednagarAkole Nagar Panchayat100NASIKAhmednagarKarjat Nagar Panchayat101NASIKAhmednagarShirdi Nagar Panchayat102NASIKDhuleSindkheda Municipal Council103NASIKDhuleSakri Nagar Panchayat104NASIKJalgaonBodvad Nagar Panchayat105NASIKNandurbarDhadgaon Wadphalya-Roshmal Bu Nagar Panchayat106NASIKNashikKalawan Nagar Panchayat107NASIKNashikPeth Nagar Panchayat108NASIKNashikNiphad Nagar Panchayat109NASIKNashikSurgana Nagar Panchayat110NASIKNashikDevala Nagar Panchayat111NASIKNashikDindori Nagar Panchayat112PUNESangliShirala Nagar Panchayat113PUNESangliKhanapur Nagar Panchayat114PUNESangliKadegaon Nagar Panchayat115PUNESangliKavathemahankal Nagar Panchayat116PUNESataraMedha Nagar Panchayat117PUNESataraDahivadi Nagar Panchayat118PUNESataraMalkapur Municipal Council119PUNESataraPatan Nagar Panchayat120PUNESataraLonand Nagar Panchayat121PUNESataraKoregaon Nagar Panchayat122PUNESataraKhandala Nagar Panchayat123PUNESataraVaduj Nagar Panchayat124PUNESolapurMadha Nagar Panchayat125PUNESolapurMalshiras Nagar Panchayat"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Gainor Hughes"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Gainor Hughes''' (1745 1780) was one of the ''fasting women'' or ''fasting girls'' of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.",
"Such women became the subject of public fascination.",
"Tales of women who claimed not to eat and sometimes not even to drink, for periods ranging from a few months to fifty years.",
"These fasters were usually poor, of humble backgrounds, living in relatively isolated rural areas, often Scotland or Wales.",
"Although several developed a reputation for piety over the course their fasts, none claimed extraordinary religious power.",
"Their inability to eat appears to have been triggered by physiological \"chance\".",
"Contemporary interest in Hughes centred on her fast of almost six years' duration, during which time she refused sustenance other than spring water sweetened with a small amount of sugar or occasionally with a drop of weak ale.",
"Her story resurfaced again from the 1870s, possibly as a result of an increase in cases of fasting girls, including the well-known local case of Sara Jacob."
],
[
"Early life",
"Gainor Hughes was christened on 23 May 1745 at Llandderfel parish church, Meirionethshire, Wales.",
"She was the daughter of Hugh David, Bodelith, and his wife Catherine."
],
[
"Her fast",
"Gainor Hughes gained fame by fasting for almost six years.",
"reports suggest the fast began in 1773 or 4.During this period, she refused any substantial sustenance.",
"The Chester Chronicle suggested the fast had originated in an illness which led to three days of unconsciousness, and to a subsequent dislike of the smell of meat.",
"Unsurprisingly, her physical condition eventually reflected this shortage of nutrition.",
"Gainor's contemporaries were preoccupied with the effect of her fast on her spiritual life.",
"Along with the press, local bards and ballad-singers became interested in the case.",
"The fact that Gainor survived without food was a miracle in the eyes of the balladeers, and a notable balladeer Elis Roberts (''Elis y Cowper'') set her alongside central Biblical characters who were saved from starvation and adversity through 'God's great miracles'.",
"For Roberts and for his contemporary Jonathan Hughes of Llangollen, Gainor was living proof of the veracity of verse 4: 4 in Matthew's gospel, with its claim that man does not live by bread alone but rather by the words of God and his wondrous grace.",
"In an intense piety, Gainor would shout and cry her praise of God, bearing witness through prayer to a spiritual world, Hughes reported.",
"Elis Roberts likewise emphasized her readiness to pray and praise the Lord, morning, and evening.",
"Ballads appeared consistently throughout the fast.",
"Reports published in the Chester Chronicle suggest how Gainor may have become famous during her lifetime, with visitors travelling between forty and fifty miles to see her.Later sources, including information apparently collected from elderly local people provides more detail about her abhorrence of food and its smell, and how every nook and cranny had to be blocked to prevent the steam from reaching her when soup was being boiled; or how she fainted after her sister Gwen came into her chamber with a loaf of white bread under her apron, so intolerable was the effect of the bread's smell."
],
[
"Death and legacy",
"Gainor Hughes never broke her fast and died in March 1780 aged 35.She was buried at Llandderfel cemetery on 14 March that year.",
"After her death her story remained popular.",
"It was notable enough to draw the attention of the artist Edward Pugh, who mentioned her in his posthumously published ''Cambria Depicta: A Tour through North Wales'' (1816).",
"A new wave of interest surfaced from the 1870s onwards with a number of fasting girls receiving press.",
"In 2010 a new stone to note her burial was placed in Llandderfel cemetery by a local heritage society."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Scipione Capece"
],
[
"Introduction",
"''De principiis rerum'' (1751)'''Scipione Capece''' (; Naples, c. 1480 – Naples, 9 December 1551) was an Italian jurist, humanist and poet, professor of Civil Law and president of the Accademia Pontaniana.He wrote three poems: ''Inarime'' (1532), ''De vate maximo'' (1533) and ''De principiis rerum'' (1546)."
],
[
"Works",
"**"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Dauti Mabusa"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Dauti Salatiel Mabusa''' (21 March 1940 - 4 February 2022) was a Zimbabwean activist and politician, who was born in Gwaranyemba in Gwanda District.Mabusa was a member of the Southern Rhodesian African National Congress, and later of ZAPU.",
"He was involved in the ZAPU sabotage campaign of the mid-1960s.",
"He was caught and subsequently held in solitary confinement at Khami Prison, and later at Gray and Wha Wha prisons.Mabusa was released after the Lancaster House Agreement and campaigned for ZAPU in the election preceding independence.",
"He continued to be involved with ZAPU activities, for which he was detained without trial in 1981.He unsuccessfully contested the constituency of Nkulumane in the 2008 parliamentary election, as an independent candidate, losing to Tamsanqa Mahlangu of MDC-T.A biography of his life was published in 2020."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Anindya Das"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Anindya Das''' is an Indian physicist who works in experimental condensed matter physics.",
"He was awarded one of the twelve across seven scientific fields Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prizes for Science and Technology for the year 2022 in Physical Sciences, a prize awarded to a scientist under 45 years of age.Das completed his B.Sc.",
"from Calcutta University and M.Sc.",
"and Ph.D. from Indian Institute of Science.",
"He held a postdoctoral position at Weizmann Institute before joining the Indian Institute of Science, where he is currently an Associate Professor."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Tealive"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Tealive''' '''''(Jawi : تيليڤ)''''' is a tea beverage chain established in 2017 in Malaysia.",
"It is owned by Loob Holding Sdn.",
"Bhd.",
"Tealive, formerly known as Chatime, is the largest lifestyle tea brand in Southeast Asia with branches in Brunei, the Philippines, Cambodia, Myanmar, and Vietnam.",
"As of 2023, Tealive has over 800 branches throughout Malaysia.",
"Among the items sold at Tealive are pearl milk tea and various flavored teas."
],
[
"About",
"Tealive was introduced on February 17, 2017, by Bryan Loo, who was the Loob's Chief Executive Officer by introducing Tealive as his brand to take tea to a higher level.",
"Chief Executive Officer, Bryan Loo launched the brand at the Pavilion KL store near the exact spotwhere he introduced the brewed tea before opening 165 branches by the end of 2016.Tealive previously known as Chatime and Cha means tea in Chinese.",
"So Chatime means tea time.However, in early 2017, La Kaffa International, the parent company of Chatime decided to terminate its deal with Loob Holdings, a Bryan Loo company.",
"The agreement between LaKaffa and Loob, was terminated due to Taiwan's disagreement over the business direction of Chatime in Malaysia.",
"Two months after losing his Chatime franchise, Loob Holding CEO Bryan Loo started his own brand, Tealive, which opened its first international outlet in Vietnam recently."
],
[
"History",
"===Establishment===The first Tealive branch in Malaysia was founded at Pavilion Kuala Lumpur on February 26, 2017.It was launched by Bryan Loo three months after the closure of 165 Chatime branches in 2016.It also introduced four new menus: Signature Brown Sugar Pearl Milk Tea, Roasted Milk Tea with Handmade Pearls, Signature Passion Fruit Green Tea, and Grapefruit Chia Tea Booster.===Expansion===On September 25, 2022, Tealive opened its 800th branch in Batu Kawan, Penang, with plans to reach 1000 branches by 2024.In early 2019, Tealive launched its first drive-thru branch in collaboration with Petronas in Subang Jaya, Selangor."
],
[
"Incidents",
"On June 27, 2018, the Court of Appeal ordered Tealive, owned by Loob Holdings Sdn Bhd, to close all its operations after being found guilty against Chatime, owned by La Kaffa International Co Ltd from Taiwan.",
"This was because La Kaffa claimed that Tealive had violated the agreement as its franchise and had altered the drink ingredients without La Kaffa's approval as the parent franchise company."
],
[
"See also",
"* Chatime"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Basudeb Dasgupta (physicist)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Basudeb Dasgupta''' is an Indian physicist who works on neutrinos and dark matter.",
"He was awarded the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, the highest science award in India, for the year 2022 in Physical Sciences.",
"He is also a recipient of the ICTP Prize for 2019, awarded by the International Centre for Theoretical Physics.Dasgupta obtained a Ph.D. (2009) from Tata Institute of Fundamental Research.",
"He then held postdoctoral positions at Max Planck Institute for Physics, Ohio State University, and at International Centre for Theoretical Physics before joining the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Mumbai, where he is currently an Associate Professor.He was listed as one of Asia's top 100 scientists by ''Asian Scientist''.",
"As a part of the celebration of 75 years of Indian independence, the Government of India published a book featuring Dasgupta as one of the 75 scientists aged under 50 who are \"shaping today's India\"."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Nilüfer Gürsoy"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Nilüfer Gürsoy''' (, born 1 June 1921) is a Turkish philologist, politician and memoirist.",
"She served in the parliament between 1965 and 1969, and from 1973 to 1980.She was the daughter of the third President of Turkey, Celâl Bayar."
],
[
"Education and academic life",
"Nilüfer Bayar received her primary education privately at home.",
"She then attended Maarif Koleji (later TED Ankara College) for her secondary and high school education, graduating in 1939.The same year, she studied further, philosophy at Istanbul University.",
"After one year she enrolled in the School of Language and History – Geography of Ankara University due to her family's move to Ankara, and studied classical philology.",
"Following her graduation, she was appointed assistant in the Department of Ancient Greek Language in 1949.She worked on the doctoral thesis \"Euripides' political views\", and earned a Doctor of Philology degree in 1954.She was dismissed from the university after the 1960 Coup d'état when her father Celâl Bayar, President of Turkey, and her spouse Ahmet İhsan Gürsoy, Deputy of Kütahya from the Democrat Party, together with many other government officials and politicians, were arrested by the junta, and sent to Yassıada, a small island off the coast of Istanbul, to put on trials before a Supreme Court of Justice.",
"Her employment was terminated while she was preparing to become an associate professor.",
"She later filed a lawsuit against the university.",
"She did not return to academic life even although she won the case"
],
[
"Politician career",
"She started her active politician career joining the 1961-established Justice Party (, AP), a descendant of the Democrat Party, which was banned after the 1960 coup d'état.",
"She ran from the Justice Party for the Deputy of Bursa in the 1965 general election, and entered the Grand National Assembly of Turkey serving in the 13th Parliament until 1969.She did not run in the 1969 general election.",
"She resigned from the AP together with 40 other politicians, and joined the 1970-established Democratic Party (, DP).",
"She served in the party administration.",
"She ran from the DP for the Deputy of Istanbul in the 1973 general election.",
"She served in the 15th Parliament until 1977.Returned to her initial party AP, she ran in the 1977 general election for the Deputy of Istanbul again.",
"The 16th Parliament was ended through the 1980 coup d'état, and all political parties were banned.",
"Thenafter, she withdrew from the political life."
],
[
"Memoir writer",
"Born during the Turkish War of Independence, she witnessed important periods in the history of the Republic such as the Atatürk Period, Inönü Period, the Democrat Party Period and the coup d'état of 1960 and 1980.She published her memoirs in 2014 regarding the 1960 coup d'état under the titel ''27 Mayıs Darbesi ve Bizler, Cumhurbaşkanı Celal Bayar'ın Kızı Anlatıyor'' (\"27 May Coup d'état and Us, President Celal Bayar's Daughter Tells\").",
"In 2021, at her age of almost 100, her poems and memoirs regarding the early political history of the Republic were published in the book '' İçimin Renkleri'' (\"Colors of My Inside\")."
],
[
"Personal life",
"Nilüfer Gürsoy was born to Celâl Bayar and Reşide in Bursa on 1 June 1921.She had two brothers, Refii and Turgut.",
"Her father was an associate of Atatürk.She married physician and politician Ahmet İhsan Gürsoy and had three daughters, who all became academics.Gürsoy lives in Kadıköy district of Istanbul.",
"She serves as the chairperson of the Celal Bayar Foundation.",
"In 2015, she donated a collection of around 20,000 books, also including her father's, to the library of history, literature and arts of the Kadıköy municipality in Istanbul."
],
[
"Books",
"**"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Yuri (Doki Doki Literature Club!)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Yuri''' is a character in the 2017 video game ''Doki Doki Literature Club!''",
"She is a shy girl and someone romantically interested in the protagonist of the game.",
"Over time, her mental illnesses become evident, including her self-harm tendencies.",
"Described as both a dandere and kuudere, she is a member of the literature club, and a frequent rival to fellow member Natsuki.",
"Her self-harm tendencies become more pronounced due to the game's antagonist Monika influencing the in-game files, which culminates in her stabbing herself to death after confessing her love for the protagonist.Her mental illness, particularly her self-harm tendencies, have received commentary from critics, with one writer identifying her death as one of the most shocking moments in a video game.",
"One discussed how it contrasted Sayori's \"intelligent\" depiction of mental illness, while another felt that her behavior later in the game was out of character compared to her behavior in the beginning."
],
[
"Concept and creation",
"Yuri was created for ''Doki Doki Literature Club!''",
"by Dan Salvato.",
"She is a shy girl, and someone who is romantically interested in the game's player character.",
"As the game progresses, signs of mental illness become more evident, including her obsessing over the player character and exhibiting self-harm tendencies, concealing her cutting with long sleeves.",
"She also displays signs of co-dependency.",
"These traits become more severe due to Monika's interference with the video game and Yuri's files.When designing the cast of ''Doki Doki Literature Club!",
"'', Salvato created stock characters based on anime archetypes that were given Japanese names to emphasize a pseudo-Japanese atmosphere.",
"To emphasize this, he also had the characters' dialogue read as though it was poorly translated from Japanese.",
"Salvato began to recognize the \"reality\" behind Yuri and the others in the game.",
"He sought to connect with the characters, and thus explored their \"insecurities and realistic personality traits.\"",
"He noted that Yuri was influenced by the depression those in his life suffer from.Due to Salvato's lack of artistic skills at the time, he created the designs of Yuri and other characters in a free anime-creation program, which were used in a test version of the game.",
"Salvato recognized that a product of such quality would not satisfy potential players, so he made a request to his friend, a translator for Sekai Project, for sketches of school uniforms and hairstyles for the characters.",
"Salvato then handed initial visual development over to Kagefumi, who left the project very early on.",
"After Kagefumi's departure from the project, Salvato contacted the freelance artist Satchely, who created the final character sprites over the course of the following few months.",
"Yuri's sprite was created in several parts to give the poses more variety."
],
[
"Appearances",
"Yuri first appears in the video game ''Doki Doki Literature Club!",
"'', one of the four girls who belong to a literature club that the player character joins.",
"She is accompanied by Sayori, Natsuki, and Monika, frequently feuding with Natsuki over the protagonist's affections.",
"He may either help either Yuri or Natsuki during the cultural festival, with both attempting to kiss him depending on who is chosen, only to be interrupted by Sayori.While Yuri exhibits self-harm tendencies, these become more amplified later in the game after Monika attempts to modify the code.",
"The player also finds that, if they attempt to choose to spend time with Yuri, Monika will interfere.",
"Yuri eventually decides to confess their love for the protagonist; however, regardless of whether they are reciprocated, Yuri begins to stab herself to death.",
"The player is unable to leave the room, forcing the protagonist to sit there and watch her corpse decompose over the weekend.",
"When Natsuki eventually shows up, she throws up at the sight of Yuri's corpse, before Monika deletes both of their files from the game due to wanting the player all to herself.",
"After Monika is deleted by the player, she expresses regret for her actions, restoring Yuri and everything else, but without her.From here, there are two possible endings.",
"In one ending, Sayori becomes self-aware and megalomaniacal like Monika, leading to Monika deleting the entire game.",
"In the other ending, where the player witnesses all scenes of the characters in the first act, Sayori is still self-aware, but is able to control herself, allowing Yuri and the rest to live.Yuri also appears in the enhanced version, ''Doki Doki Literature Club Plus!",
"'', where the origins of the literature club are explored.Yuri has received multiple pieces of merchandise, including a Nendoroid figurine by Good Smile, a wrist watch themed after her, and a Youtooz figure."
],
[
"Reception",
"Writer Christopher Patterson noted how Yuri and Natsuki contrast each other.",
"He described her as both a dandere and kuudere, comparing her to the character Rei Ayanami.",
"''Destructoid'' writer Charlotte Cutts considered Yuri's suicide to be one of the most shocking things she has ever seen in a video game, ''IGN Japan'' writer Shohei Fujita discussed how Yuri's character is affected by Monika's influence, though commenting that with the nature of the game, it could be said that this is true even without Monika's influence.",
"He particularly noted how out of character her cruel commentary towards Natsuki and her eventual suicide are.",
"''VG247'' writer Ana Valens described her as \"the classic shrinking violet,\" discussing how her traits begin to be corrupted by Monika over time, eventually turning her self-consciousness into self-harm.",
"''Fanbyte'' writer Kara Dennison felt that Sayori's mental illness was depicted with intelligence, which contrasted Yuri, whose depiction was a \"stereotypical, horrific parody of herself.\"",
"Because Sayori is shown to have been depressed before Monika modified her data, she assumed that this was the care for Yuri's self-harm tendencies, citing a poem in the first act by Yuri that discusses the adrenaline of self-harm.",
"She felt that the depiction of Yuri was disrespectful, but that the point was that it was Monika disrespecting them rather than Salvato.",
"Writer Fanny Barnabé discussed how Yuri's death is unavoidable regardless of the player's decision, as well as how Yuri dominates the second act of the game due to her obsession with the player character."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Elbow (film)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Elbow''''' () is a 2024 coming-of-age drama film co-written and directed by Aslı Özarslan in her directorial debut.",
"The film an adaptation of Franz-Hessel-Preis and Klaus-Michael Kühne prize winner German novel by Fatma Aydemir is a story of 17-years old Hazal, who lives in Berlin.",
"Her biggest wish for her 18th birthday is to escape the everyday grind and party with her friends.",
"But a fatal incident changes everything and she is forced to flee.The international co-production between Germany, Turkey and France was selected in the Generation 14plus section at the 74th Berlin International Film Festival, where it had its World premiere on 17 February and competing for Crystal Bear for the Best Film.",
"Aslı Özarslan, the first feature director was nominated for GWFF Best First Feature Award in the festival."
],
[
"Synopsis",
"The film tells the story of many young people who are pushed to the sidelines and yet want to belong.",
"17-years old Hazal lives in Berlin.",
"She wants a chance in life.",
"Her fervent wish is to get one step further than her parents.",
"She failed to get response to her hundreds of applications.",
"On her 18th birthday she wants to forget humdrum of his life and wants to party with her best friends.",
"But everything turns out differently, a fatal incident, and she flees alone to unknown city Istanbul.",
"Now she is on her own."
],
[
"Cast",
"* Melia Kara as Hazal * Asya Utku as Gül* Jamilah Bagdach as Elma* Nurgül Ayduran as Ebru* Doğa Gürer as Mehmet* Mina Özlem Sagdic as Semra* Jale Arıkan as Sultan* Ali-Emre Sahin as Onur* Ercan Karacayli as Salih* Idil Baydar (Gilet Ayse) as Ms. Göktan* Shadi Eck as Mahdi* Halil as Haydar Sahin* Ömer Kuzu as Orhan Kiliç* Katrine Eichberger as Ms. Meyer* Jörg Pintsch as Lars Immer/shop detective* Denis Riffel as Thorsten"
],
[
"Production",
"Principal photography began on 15 August 2022 in Istanbul and Berlin.",
"Filming ended on 15 October 2022 with filming locations in the regions of Berlin and Turkey."
],
[
"Release",
"''Elbow'' had its World premiere on 17 February 2024, as part of the 74th Berlin International Film Festival, in Generation 14plus."
],
[
"Accolades",
"The film was selected in Generation 14plud at the 74th Berlin International Film Festival, thus it was nominated to compete for Crystal Bear award.",
"Award Date Category Recipient Result Berlin International Film Festival25 February 2024 Crystal Bear for Best Feature Film ''Elbow'' GWFF Best First Feature Award Aslı Özarslan"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* * * ''Elbow'' at Achtung Panda!",
"* ''Elbow'' at Berlinale"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"They Carry Death"
],
[
"Introduction",
" '''''They Carry Death''''' (''Eles transportan a morte'') is a 2021 Spanish-Colombian drama film written and directed by Helena Girón and Samuel M. Delgado, at their feature film debut.",
"It is inspired by Silvia Federici's essay ''Caliban and the Witch: Women, Body and Primitive Accumulation''.The film premiered at the 78th edition of the Venice Film Festival, in the Venice International Critics' Week sidebar.== Plot =="
],
[
"Cast",
" * Xoán Reices * Valentín Estévez * David Pantaleón * Sara Ferro * Nuria Lestegás"
],
[
"Reception"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Lophyraspis"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Lophyraspis''''' is a genus of treehoppers in the family Aetalionidae.",
"It contains 5 species."
],
[
"Species",
"*''Lophyraspis diminuta'' Sakakibara & Creão-Duarte, 2004*''Lophyraspis fenestrata'' Sakakibara & Creão-Duarte, 2004*''Lophyraspis muscaria'' (Fabricius, 1803)*''Lophyraspis scutellata'' (Fabricius, 1803)*''Lophyraspis spinosa'' (Funkhouser, 1930)"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"2007 Dutch Open Grand Prix"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''2007 Dutch Open Grand Prix''' was a badminton tournament which took place in Almere, Netherlands from 16 to 21 October 2007.It had a total purse of $50,000."
],
[
"Tournament",
"The 2007 Dutch Open Grand Prix was the ninth tournament of the 2007 BWF Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix and also part of the Dutch Open championships which has been held since 1931.This tournament was organized by the Dutch Badminton Association and sanctioned by the BWF.=== Venue ===This international tournament was held at Topsportcentrum in Almere, Netherlands.=== Point distribution ===Below is the point distribution for each phase of the tournament based on the BWF points system for the BWF Grand Prix event.",
"Winner Runner-up 3/4 5/8 9/16 17/32 33/64 65/128 129/256 5,500 4,680 3,850 3,030 2,110 1,290 510 240 100=== Prize money ===The total prize money for this tournament was US$50,000.Distribution of prize money was in accordance with BWF regulations.",
"'''Event''' '''Winner''' Finals Semi-finals Quarter-finals Last 16 Men's singles $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $200 Women's singles $3,450 $1,650 $900 $450 Men's doubles $3,600 $2,000 $1,200 $700 Women's doubles $3,050 $2,000 $1,100 $550 Mixed doubles $3,050 $2,000 $1,100 $550"
],
[
"Men's singles",
"=== Seeds ===# Przemysław Wacha ''(final)''# Lee Tsuen Seng ''(semi-finals)''# Dicky Palyama ''(third round)''#''' Kendrick Lee Yen Hui (champion)'''# Roslin Hashim ''(quarter-finals)''# Andrew Smith ''(second round)''# Sairul Amar Ayob ''(quarter-finals)''# Anup Sridhar ''(third round)''=== Finals ====== Top half ======= Section 1 ======== Section 2 ======= Bottom half ======= Section 3 ======== Section 4 ===="
],
[
"Women's singles",
"=== Seeds ===# Yao Jie ''(quarter-finals)''# Juliane Schenk ''(semi-finals)''# Li Li ''(semi-finals)''# Judith Meulendijks ''(final)''# Sara Persson ''(withdrew)''# Saina Nehwal ''(quarter-finals)''# Adriyanti Firdasari ''(second round)''# Anu Nieminen ''(second round)''=== Finals ====== Top half ======= Section 1 ======== Section 2 ======= Bottom half ======= Section 3 ======== Section 4 ===="
],
[
"Men's doubles",
"=== Seeds ===# Hendri Saputra / Hendra Wijaya ''(semi-finals)''# Vitalij Durkin / Aleksandr Nikolaenko ''(semi-finals)''# Howard Bach / Khan Malaythong ''(quarter-finals)''# Kristof Hopp / Ingo Kindervater ''(quarter-finals)''# Michael Fuchs / Roman Spitko ''(quarter-finals)''#''' Yonathan Suryatama Dasuki / Rian Sukmawan (champions)'''# Robert Adcock / Robin Middleton ''(quarter-finals)''# Tim Dettmann / Johannes Schöttler ''(first round)''=== Finals ====== Top half ======= Section 1 ======== Section 2 ======= Bottom half ======= Section 3 ======== Section 4 ===="
],
[
"Women's doubles",
"=== Seeds ===# Jiang Yanmei / Li Yujia ''(semi-finals)''#''' Ekaterina Ananina / Anastasia Russkikh (champions)'''# Valeria Sorokina / Nina Vislova ''(final)''# Élodie Eymard / Weny Rahmawati ''(withdrew)''=== Finals ====== Top half ======= Section 1 ======== Section 2 ======= Bottom half ======= Section 3 ======== Section 4 ===="
],
[
"Mixed doubles",
"=== Seeds ===# Hendri Saputra / Li Yujia ''(final)''# Ingo Kindervater / Kathrin Piotrowski ''(semi-finals)''# Hendra Wijaya / Jiang Yanmei ''(first round)''# Kristof Hopp / Birgit Overzier ''(quarter-finals)''# David Lindley / Suzanne Rayappan ''(quarter-finals)''# Svetoslav Stoyanov / Élodie Eymard ''(withdrew)''# Aleksandr Nikolaenko / Nina Vislova ''(semi-finals)''# Vitalij Durkin / Valeria Sorokina ''(first round)''=== Finals ====== Top half ======= Section 1 ======== Section 2 ======= Bottom half ======= Section 3 ======== Section 4 ===="
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Tournament Link"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Taiwo Ogunwumi"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Taiwo Ogunwumi''' is a Nigerian social entrepreneur, flood consultant, environmental risk researcher, and founder of Geohazard Risk Mapping Initiative, a youth-led non-profit organization providing flood maps and statistical estimation of places prone to the impact of future floods.In 2021 Ogunwumi mapped the precise flood hazards faced by the more than 48,000 IDPs living in camps in Maiduguri, the capital of Borno state which received recognitions from the Nigerian government and in June 2021, he developed a web application for monitoring and reporting on flood areas.He was recognized as one of the Geospatial World 50 Rising Stars to look out for in 2022 and also shortlisted as one of the Six Young People Advocating for a Sustainable Future and Healthier Climate in Nigeria in 2022.Ogunwumi has about 13 researched publications."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Siege of La Capelle"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The Siege of La Capelle took place from the 2nd to the 8th of July in 1636 during the Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659) in which a Spanish army under Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand managed to seize the fortress of La Capelle from the French army retreating from a previous defeat taking place at Leuven."
],
[
"Background",
"An army led by the Cardinal-Infante, Ferdinand, following a crushing victory against the French and the Dutch at Leuven, leads a counteroffensive into the Netherlands when an ensuing one in France after his successful campaign in the Netherlands.",
"His army, relatively fresh and well-rested, outnumbered the French army and had better supply but would be tasked with capturing a multitude of targets in rapid succession.",
"The main goal of the campaign was to threaten Paris, hence the capture of La Capelle was deemed vital.",
"The French army had numbered around 8,000 after Leuven with the Spanish army, which was initially a relief army led by Ferdinand, numbering around 11,000.The French army, reasonably deteriorated with large supply problems faced during the campaign to meet up at Maastricht as well as dealing with low morale amongst the French troops, was forced to be on the defense against the Spanish threat.",
"The ensuing 1636 campaign led by Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand would face quite the success with one of the first targets within France to fall being La Capelle."
],
[
"Siege",
"The Spanish would set up the first artillery batteries south of the fortress in front of the main entrance redoubts.",
"Several redoubts would be constructed surrounding the artillery batteries.",
"The Spanish were quite quick to act and would also construct redoubts and two more batteries in the flanks to envelope the fortress.",
"Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand would begin ordering artillery barrages upon the walls of the fortress, targeting the frontal artillery batteries of the French.",
"With the much depleted French supplies and lack of artillery, the only attempt to repel the Spanish was made in a sortie at the main frontal battery of the fortress.",
"The sortie would be unsuccessful and repelled with the Spanish continuing the artillery barrage with little to no French resistance in terms of artillery and firepower.",
"The thousands of French soldiers were lacking in supply and therefore wouldn't have been able to last any longer.With low French morale, paired with an unrelenting Spanish barrage, the French would have only been able to carry out one sortie as a final attack would be launched from the flanking redoubts by the Spanish tercio companies, and by the 8th of June, most French soldiers would have surrendered or fled.",
"The fortress of La Capelle would be captured after just 6 days of siege, a relatively fast siege considering the era and how long some sieges tend to last.",
"Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand, with yet more success would only continue his campaign in France after securing the fortress completely and its perimeters.",
"The town would also soon follow the defeat and surrender to the Spanish tercios."
],
[
"References",
"****"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Tropidaspis"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Tropidaspis''''' is a genus of treehopper belonging to the family Aetalionidae.",
"It is found in South and Central America.",
"It has 7 described species."
],
[
"Species",
"GBIF lists the following species:* ''Tropidaspis affinis'' Fowler, 1897* ''Tropidaspis carinata'' Fabricius, 1803* ''Tropidaspis cornuta'' Haviland, 1925* ''Tropidaspis jubata'' Goding, 1926* ''Tropidaspis minor'' Haviland, 1925* ''Tropidaspis similis'' Schmidt, 1927* ''Tropidaspis truncaticornis'' Goding, 1927"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Huỳnh Quốc Cường"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Huỳnh Quốc Cường''' (born 1972) is a Vietnamese former footballer who played as a striker."
],
[
"Early life",
"He joined the youth academy of Vietnamese side Đồng Tháp at the age of sixteen."
],
[
"Career",
"He played for Vietnamese side Đồng Tháp, helping the club win the league."
],
[
"Style of play",
"He mainly operated as a striker and was described as \"romantic, not aggressive but flexible and gentle\"."
],
[
"Personal life",
"After retiring from professional football, he worked in the farm industry."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Pentadentate ligand"
],
[
"Introduction",
"A '''pentadentate ligand''' is a ligand that coordinates via five donor atoms.There are different possible ways for a ligand to arrange around an ion.",
"For an octahedral coordination with six positions, the possible arrangements of a linear pentadentate ligand are designated by ''ffms ffma fff fmf fmama fmsma fmsms fmams'' where each letter f or s represents three consecutive donor atoms: ''f'' represents facial ''fac'' arrangement, ''m'' is meridianal ''mer'' a is \"anti\" and s is \"syn\" for positioning of the mer arrangement relative to other donors.For a chain branched at the donor atom the tertiary atom will have two chains of length one and one of length one attached.",
"The pattern can use parenthesis: () to indicate a side chain, eg NNM(N)N. For octahedral coordination there are four arrangements designated: ''f(m)m f(f)f f(f)ma'' and ''f(f)ms'' where the parenthesis ow indicate how the side chain participates in coordination.Ligands with four donor atoms on four chains around a central donor atom, will organise around the metal atom equatorially.The metal may be five-coordinate with arrangements being square-pyramidal or trigonal-bipyramidal, or somewhere between the two.-Quinquepyridine is fairly rigid, and tries to be in a plane, so coordination will be pentagonal planar.",
"For silver it is planar, but for rhenium it slightly twists to a helix."
],
[
"Examples",
"IUPAC namenameabbreviationtypepKaMetalsref N1-(2-aminoethyl)-N2-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diaminetetraethylenepentaminetepaNNNNN 2.65, 4.25, 7.87, 9.08 and 9.92Mn Fe Co Ni Cu ZnN1-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-N2-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)ethyl)-N1,N2-dimethylethane-1,2-diamineMe7-tetrenNNNNNCo(II), Ni(II), Cu(I), Cu(II) and Zn(II)"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Ficus recurvata"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Ficus recurvata''''' is an hemi-epiphyte species within the family Moraceae."
],
[
"Description",
"''Ficus recurvata'' has been observed to grow either as a shrub or as a tree, when growing as a tree, it can reach an height of 35 m. The species often has buttressed roots that extends from the base of the tree.",
"Its slash is brownish in color same as the color of stems are brownish in color.",
"The leaves are spirally arranged while leaflets can reach a length of 28 cm and a width of 21 cm with a leaf blade that tends to be elliptical to oblong in shape.",
"The surface of the leaves have a leathery texture while the leaf margin can be entire but sometimes toothed.",
"Figs are pedunculate and are borne on leaf axils or beneath the leaves, peduncle is 1.5 to 3.5 cm long and about 2 mm thick.",
"Figs are often large and green when young."
],
[
"Distribution and habitat",
"Occurs in parts of West Africa, in particular Ivory Coast and Nigeria and eastwards to the Central African countries of Cameroun, Angola, Central African Republic and the Democratic Republic of Congo.",
"Found in savannahs and dense forest environments."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Pupo Gimenez"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Pupo Gimenez''' (31 August 1931 – 2 April 2016), was a Brazilian football manager."
],
[
"Career",
"Amateur football coach, Pupo Gimenez gained notoriety when he became coordinator of Marília AC youth categories.",
"As a talent scout, he put together the team that won the 1979 Copa São Paulo de Futebol Jr.",
"He later worked at Guarani, and became an assistant to the main team.",
"In 1988 he was taken to São Paulo where he was the club's caretaker coach in 1989 and 1990.He returned to Guarani and won the Copa SP, this time as manager, in 1994.In 1995, he repeated the feat for SC Corinthians, which guaranteed him the position of coach of the Brazil national team at the 1995 Pan American Games."
],
[
"Honours",
";Guarani*Copa São Paulo de Futebol Jr.: 1994;Corinthians*Copa São Paulo de Futebol Jr.: 1995;Brasil U23*Copa Mercosur: 1995"
],
[
"Death",
"Suffering from depression, Pupo Gimenez committed suicide at the age of 84 in Marília, where he lived with his family."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Pupo Gimenez at ogol.com.br"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"The Fatal Falsehood"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''The Fatal Falsehood''''' is a 1779 tragedy by the British writer Hannah More.",
"It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden in London on 7 May 1779.The original cast included Matthew Clarke as Earl Guilford, William Thomas Lewis as Rivers, his son, Richard Wroughton as Orlando, a young Italian Count, Francis Aickin as Bertrand, Elizabeth Younge as Emmelina and Elizabeth Hartley as Julia.",
"The prologue was written by Richard Brinsley Sheridan."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"Bibliography",
"* DeRochi, Jack E. & Ennis Daniel James (ed.)",
"''Richard Brinsley Sheridan: The Impresario in Political and Cultural Context''.",
"Rowman & Littlefield, 2013.",
"* Greene, John C. ''Theatre in Dublin, 1745-1820: A Calendar of Performances, Volume 6''.",
"Lexington Books, 2011.",
"* Nicoll, Allardyce.",
"''A History of English Drama 1660–1900: Volume III''.",
"Cambridge University Press, 2009.",
"* Hogan, C.B (ed.)",
"''The London Stage, 1660–1800: Volume V''.",
"Southern Illinois University Press, 1968."
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Kaanch Ka Pul"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Kaanch Ka Pul''''' () is a 1981 Pakistani television long play written by Younus Javed and it was produced and directed by Mohammad Nisar Hussain."
],
[
"Synosis",
"The story is about Shahida a doctor who runs her own clinic which she opened in her house for the poor.",
"She lives with her mother Begum Nasir who is the only person understands Shahida.",
"Begum Nasir plans to marry Shahida to someone kind and rich person but she refuses it due to her past problem.",
"Shahida parents have divorced due to some personal reasons but Shahida chosed to live with her mother.",
"Margaret a nurse and close friend of Shahida works with her in her clinic.",
"She tries to assure Shahida about every situation.",
"Later her father comes to meet Shahida much to Begum Nasir's dismay although she allows them to meet but Nisar tells Shahida that he will be moving to California.",
"Then her cousin Yousaf returns from abroad and wants to marry Shahida but she refuses him because he once left her when they were getting married by their parents.",
"Then Shahida begins to treat a patient name Gullu after his parents death who can't speak and walk properly.",
"After some years he begins to speak and walk properly due to Shahida's care later he begins to like Shahida which he later tells Shahida about it much to her shock but she is unable to answer him properly."
],
[
"Cast",
"* Roohi Bano as Shahida* Sarwat Ateeq as Margaret* Khursheed Shahid as Begum Nisar* Tauqeer Nasir as Gullu* Firdous Jamal as Yousaf* Sajjad Kishwar as Doctor Latif* Khalid Usman as Nisar* Tahira Saleem as Surayya* Sara Haq as Razia* Nasir Naqvi as Zahid* Qudsia Bano as Daraan* Chandni as Salma* Riaz Shoki as Anwar Zaman* Farooq Azhar as Jameel* Azam Jahangir as Amjad* Mumtaz Ali as Hameed* M Alam as Dehati* Saleem Pasha as Altaf* Saeed Iqbal as Ahmed* Roshan Aara as Mam* Afshan as Najma* Najma Hasan as Ferozaan* Naz Basheeruddin as Noraan* Sanami as Ajmal"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Melizoderes"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Melizoderes''''' is a genus of treehoppers belonging to the family Melizoderidae.",
"It has 7 described species."
],
[
"Species",
"GBIF lists the following:*''Melizoderes carinatus'' Blanchard, 1852*''Melizoderes darwini'' (Funkhouser, 1934)*''Melizoderes dentistylus'' Linnavuori & DeLong, 1979*''Melizoderes dohrnii'' Signoret, 1863*''Melizoderes gayi'' Spinola, 1852*''Melizoderes osborni'' (Funkhouser, 1930)*''Melizoderes variegatus'' (Funkhouser, 1930)"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"NASCAR: Full Speed"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''NASCAR: Full Speed''''' is a documentary series produced in collaboration between Netflix and NASCAR to give a behind-the-scenes look at the drivers and races of the NASCAR Cup Series.The first season covers the regular season finale and the playoffs of the 2023 NASCAR Cup Series and was released on January 30, 2024."
],
[
"Cast",
"* Ryan Blaney* William Byron* Ross Chastain* Denny Hamlin* Bubba Wallace* Kyle Larson* Christopher Bell* Joey Logano* Tyler Reddick"
],
[
"Episodes",
"=== Season 1 (2024) ==="
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Mustang Island (film)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Mustang Island''''' is a 2017 American comedy film written by Craig Elrod and Nathan Smith, directed by Elrod and starring Macon Blair, Lee Eddy and John Merriman."
],
[
"Plot"
],
[
"Cast",
"*Macon Blair as Bill*Lee Eddy as Lee*John Merriman as John*Molly Karrasch as Molly*Jason Newman as Travis*Byron Brown as Byron*Haley Alea Erickson as Julie"
],
[
"Release",
"The film was released on April 1, 2017 at the Dallas International Film Festival."
],
[
"Reception",
"Chase Whale of ''Film Threat'' graded the film a B. Marjorie Baumgarten of ''The Austin Chronicle'' awarded the film three stars out of five."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* *"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Mother Lode (2021 film)"
],
[
"Introduction",
" '''''Mother Lode''''' (French: ''La mine du diable'') is a 2021 French-Italian-Swiss docufiction film co-written and directed by Matteo Tortone.",
"The film premiered at the 78th edition of the Venice Film Festival, in the Venice International Critics' Week sidebar.== Plot =="
],
[
"Cast",
"* José Luis Nazario Campos* Damian Segundo Vospey* Maximiliana Campos Guzman"
],
[
"Reception"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Starting Out in the Thirties"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Starting Out in the Thirties''''' is the 1965 memoir by New York intellectual, writer and literary critic, Alfred Kazin.",
"It covers the years between 1934 and 1940 as Kazin makes his entry into New York's literary scene.",
"It is a sequel to his memoir, ''A Walker in the City'' (1951) and was followed by ''New York Jew'' (1978)."
],
[
"Reception",
"It was a finalist for the National Book Award for Nonfiction (Arts And Letters) in 1966.Joseph Epstein published a positive review in ''The New York Times'', describing it as \"an artful and admirable intellectual autobiography.",
"\"John Gross wrote a positive review in ''The New York Review of Books'': \"Compared with most autobiographies, the style of Starting Out in the Thirties is vivid and highly charged.",
"Scenes are conjured up with a novelist’s precision: the basement at City College, with its political wrangles and ping-pong marathons and smell of oily sandwiches, or the lean, ruddy-complexioned Yankee individualists at Calverton’s parties standing out among all the “sour, sedentary, guarded” European faces.\""
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Joseph Karl Ambrosch"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Joseph Karl Ambrosch''' (; 6 May 1759 – 8 September 1822) was a Czech tenor opera singer and composer."
],
[
"Early life",
"Born in Český Krumlov, Ambrosch lived in Berlin as a tenor opera singer since 1791.Since 1792 he has been part of the ensemble of the Berlin Royal National Theater, which August Wilhelm Iffland had led since 1796.Ambrosch appeared in plays as well as in operas and musical plays.",
"One of his most successful roles was that of the landowner Weller in the German version of Ferdinando Paer's ''Poche ma buone, ossia Le donne cambiate'' (1800), (first performance on 25 May 1807).",
"In Mozart's ''The Magic Flute'' he sang Papageno over 21 times between 1806 and 1812.He mostly played smaller supporting roles in plays.",
"In Julius von Voss's comedy (premiered on 29 January 1810) he played the role of a Jew.Together with the singer and actor , he published the three-part collection , which contained works by numerous contemporary composers, including a large number of songs composed by himself.",
"Both were members of the Berlin Masonic lodge .",
"Ambrosch died in Berlin in 1822, aged 63."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"Further reading",
"* Arrey von Dommer: \"Ambrosch, Joseph Karl\", in: ''Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie'' (ADB).",
"Band 1, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, p. 391.",
"* Ludwig Eisenberg: \"Joseph Karl Ambrosch\", in ''Großes biographisches Lexikon der deutschen Bühne im XIX.",
"Jahrhundert'', Paul List, Leipzig 1903, p. 25.",
"* Andrea Harrandt: \"Ambrosch (Ambrož), Joseph Karl (Josef Karel)\", in: ''Oesterreichisches Musiklexikon'', online, Vienna 2002 ff., ; print: vol.",
"1, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 2002, .",
"* Christoph Henzel: \"Ambrosch, Joseph Karl\", in: ''Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart'' online ().",
"* Undine Wagner: \"Ambrosch, Joseph Karl\", in: ''Grove Music Online'' ()."
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Fredrik Nyman"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Fredrik Emanuel Nyman''' (born 7 February 1995) is a Swedish curler.He is a 2024 Swedish men's champion, a 2023 Swedish mixed champion and three-time Swedish junior men's champion (2014, 2015, 2016).",
"He has competed in four and two Winter Universiades.At the he received the Sportsmanship Award."
],
[
"Teams",
"===Men's=== Season Skip Third Second Lead Alternate Coach Events 2012–13 Victor Martinsson (fourth) Max Bäck Simon Granbom Fredrik Nyman (skip) Hans Nyman SMCC 2013 (12th) Patric Mabergs (fourth) Gustav Eskilsson (skip) Jesper Johansson Johannes Patz Fredrik Nyman Flemming Patz (4th) 2013–14 Marcus Hasselborg Peder Folke Andreas Prytz Anton Sandström Fredrik Nyman SMCC 2014 Fredrik Nyman Simon Granbom Johannes Patz Victor Martinsson Max Bäck (WJCC) Hans Nyman SJCC 2014 (6th) 2014–15 Fredrik Nyman Simon Granbom Johannes Patz Victor Martinsson Max Bäck (WJCC) Hans Nyman SJCC 2015 (4th) Marcus Hasselborg Vincent Stenberg Fredrik Nyman Anton Sandström SMCC 2015 (5th) 2015–16 Rasmus Wranå Fredrik Nyman Jordan Wåhlin Joakim Flyg Max Bäck SMCC 2016 SJCC 2016 Rasmus Wranå Fredrik Nyman Jordan Wåhlin Max Bäck Axel Sjöberg Mats Wranå (6th) 2016–17 Patric Mabergs (fourth) Gustav Eskilsson (skip) Fredrik Nyman Johannes Patz Flemming Patz WUG 2017 2017–18 Patric Mabergs Fredrik Nyman Vincent Stenberg Johannes Patz SMCC 2018 (7th) 2018–19 Fredrik Nyman Rasmus Wranå Axel Sjöberg Max Bäck Olle Brudsten WUG 2019 (5th) Fredrik Nyman Axel Sjöberg Max Bäck Victor Martinsson Olle Brudsten SMCC 2019 2019–20 Patric Mabergs Fredrik Nyman Fredrik Carlsen Johannes Patz Fredrik Nyman Patric Mabergs Johannes Patz Simon Olofsson SMCC 2020 (5th) 2020–21 Fredrik Nyman Albin Eriksson Simon Olofsson Johannes Patz 2021–22 Fredrik Nyman Albin Eriksson Simon Olofsson Johannes Patz 2022–23 Fredrik Nyman Patric Mabergs Simon Olofsson Johannes Patz SMCC 2023 2023–24 Fredrik Nyman Patric Mabergs Simon Olofsson Johannes Patz Rickard Hallström SMCC 2024 ===Mixed=== Season Skip Third Second Lead Events 2013–14 Greta Aurell Fredrik Nyman Sarah Pengel Max Bäck SMxCC 2014 (9th) 2016–17 Emma Berg Zandra Flyg Axel Sjöberg Fredrik Nyman SMxCC 2017 2017–18 Fredrik Nyman (fourth) Margaretha Sigfridsson (skip) Joakim Flyg Zandra Flyg SMxCC 2018 (5th) 2018–19 Fredrik Nyman Tova Sundberg Fredrik Carlsén Emma Sjödin SMxCC 2019 (5th) 2022–23 Fanny Sjöberg Fredrik Nyman Jennie Wåhlin Fredrik Carlsén SMxCC 2023 ===Mixed doubles=== Season Male Female Events 2013–14 Fredrik Nyman Johanna Höglund SMDCC 2014 (17th) 2019–20 Fredrik Nyman Sarah Pengel SMDCC 2020 (10th) 2022–23 Fredrik Nyman Sofie Bergman SMDCC 2023 (10th)"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"**"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Asmalee Ahmad"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Pengiran Asmalee''' (born 18 May 1941) is a Bruneian artist and diplomat who became the ambassador to China from 2001 to 2002, and Myanmar from 1997 to 2001."
],
[
"Diplomatic career",
"Pengiran Asmalee worked for the Department of Welfare, Youth, and Sports, the Department of Radio and Television Brunei, and the Department of Language and Literature Bureau from 1962 until 1996.On 13 May 1996, he announced his retirement as the Department of Welfare, Youth, and Sports' director.",
"On 20 May 1997, the Government of Myanmar approved his appointment to succeed Hussin Sulaiman as ambassador, with a residence in Yangon.",
"From 29 to 31 May 1998, Pengiran Asmalee, the ambassador of Myanmar, accompanied Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah on his tour to Myanmar.Pengiran Asmalee was appointed as the ambassador to China on 20 May 1997.He was involved in several state visits especially during the Sultan's two trips to China in 2001: one for the informal gathering of APEC business leaders and the other for the high-level debate on human capacity building2001.In September 2004, he made a second working visit to China.",
"Prince Al-Muhtadee Billah also visited China for the first time in March 2002 and in May 2001, Prince Mohamed Bolkiah traveled to China for the 4th Asia-Europe Foreign Ministers' Conference."
],
[
"Artistry",
"Mosaic mural (left) at the Language and Literature Bureau in 2015As a youngster, Pengiran Asmalee developed an interest in painting as a pastime.",
"\"The only ways that chronological facts can be documented and the past, present, and environment accurately portrayed are through painting and photography,\" he said.",
"His panorama painting of Brunei Town in the 1940s and 1950s and his 7.5-by-2.5-foot painting of Bandar Seri Begawan in 1984, both of which portray the same place, demonstrate historical evolution.Pengiran Asmalee created a style known as \"Zikirism,\" which is akin to Pointillism and involves painting with pure color dots while firmly remembering Allah as he is influenced by his Islamic beliefs.",
"In actuality, Islamic ideology is the basis for a number of his works.",
"Even though he didn't start painting full-time until after he retired, he was nevertheless able to complete a sizable number of works while employed by the Bruneian government.One of the oldest outdoor artworks in the nation is a wide mosaic mural located on the front of the Language and Literature Bureau.",
"The artwork was finished in 1965 and commissioned by Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III, was fashioned using mosaic tiles that were manufactured in accordance with a painting that was created in 1963 by experienced local artist Pengiran Asmalee."
],
[
"Personal life",
"Pengiran Asmalee was born on 18 May 1941.He has three kids and is married."
],
[
"Honours",
"He is known to have been awarded the following honours:* 50x50px Order of Seri Paduka Mahkota Brunei Second Class (DPMB) – ''Dato Paduka''* 50x50px Order of Paduka Seri Laila Jasa Third Class (SLJ)* 50x50px Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah Medal (PHBS)"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Neptunium nitride"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Neptunium nitride''' is a binary inorganic compound of neptunium and nitrogen with the chemical formula ."
],
[
"Preparation",
"Neptunium nitride can be prepared by the reaction of freshly obtained neptunium hydride and ammonia::The reaction of neptunium and nitrogen can also obtain neptunium nitride::"
],
[
"Physical properties",
"Neptunium nitride forms black crystals in the cubic system with ''Fm3m'' space group.",
"It is insoluble in water and decomposes if heated.",
":"
],
[
"Uses",
"Neptunium nitride is used as a target material for plutonium-238 production.",
": + →"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Nguyễn Văn Phụng"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Nguyễn Văn Phụng''' (born 1968) is a Vietnamese former footballer who played as a goalkeeper."
],
[
"Early life",
"He played volleyball as a child."
],
[
"Career",
"He was described as \"in the ranks of the golden generation of Vietnamese football\"."
],
[
"Personal life",
"He is a native of Quang Ngai, Vietnam."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Skirmish at Skövde"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''skirmish at Skövde''' was an aerial incident where a German Messerschmitt Me 410 and an American Boeing B-17G Flying Fortress accidentally flew into Swedish air-space.",
"After several warning shots, the accident evolved into a short-lived confrontation between the Swedes and the German and American planes."
],
[
"The German confrontation",
"After entering Swedish air space through Simrishamn, The German Messerschmitt Me 410 faced several warning shots by the Swedes.",
"However, the German plane ignored these warnings making the Swedes declare \"luftfara\" at 11:52.A Swedish motorbrigade observed the Messerschmitt Me 410s movements closely, this is when the German plane started firing at the Swedes who returned fire.",
"The German plane was shortly thereafter shot down killing both of the pilots as well as a Swede whom they had crashed on."
],
[
"The American confrontation",
"An hour later, a damaged American Boeing B-17G Flying Fortress also flew over Swedish air space at the request of their pilot Ammann.",
"They too faced bombardment by the Swedes but most of the Americans managed to deploy their parachutes and land safely on the ground and those who remained in the aircraft crashed in Nösby but were mostly unharmed."
],
[
"See also",
"*Sweden during World War II*Skövde*Luftwaffe"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"The Tall Tales of Jim Bridger"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''The Tall Tales of Jim Bridger''' is an American historical drama television series, which airs on the INSP network.The first and currently only season of the show first aired in January 2024."
],
[
"Background",
"The television series follows the mountain man, Jim Bridger, through the Western frontier.",
"Numerous stories and tales develop as a new wave of Americans head west.",
"His legendary status during this historic period is told with the various instances he helps Americans in life-and-death situations.The debut episode depicts when Bridger's second-in-command begins to rule the camp with violence to improve camp discipline.",
"Other episodes in the season follow the characters within Bridger's camp as they head into uncharted territory."
],
[
"Cast",
"* Rib Hillis as Jim Bridger* Tyler Noble as Louis Vasquez* Hailey Rutledge as Molly Tierney* Bryan Scamman as Captain Elias Colson* Sandro Madrigal as Wolf's Heart* Jake Barciz as Jacob Lamont"
],
[
"Release & reception",
"The first episode of The Tall Tales of Jim Bridger aired on INSP on January 11, 2024.The first season would run for 10 episodes."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Akwaba"
],
[
"Introduction",
"\"'''Akwaba'''\" is a song by Ivorian music quartet, Magic System which features Yemi Alade and Mohamed Ramadan.",
"It was recorded and released as the official anthem of the 2023 TotalEnergies CAF African Cup of Nations which begun 13 January 2024 and ends on 11th February, 2024 in the West African country of Côte d'Ivoire."
],
[
"Production",
"The song was written by Magic System, Yemi Alade, Mohamed Ramadan and Fargyle Blax.",
"It was produced by Dany Synthé and released by Universal Music Africa on 13 October 2023.The official video was directed by Tony Rodriguez and released on YouTube on December 1, 2023."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Akwaba Video Officielle via YouTube"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Nguyễn Chí Bảo"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Nguyễn Chí Bảo''' (1972 – September 1, 2023) was a Vietnamese footballer who played as a defender."
],
[
"Early life",
"He had three brothers."
],
[
"Career",
"He played for Vietnamese side Ho Chi Minh City FC, helping the club win the league."
],
[
"Style of play",
"He mainly operated as a right-back and was described as \"possessing a small physique, a rolling, mischievous, and mobile playing style with high-damage side-climbs and crosses\"."
],
[
"Personal life",
"After retiring from professional football, he worked as a security guard."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"2016 Indonesian Film Festival"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''36th Indonesian Film Festival''' ceremony took place on 6 November 2016 at the Teater Jakarta in Jakarta, Indonesia, to honor the achievement in Indonesian cinema of 2016.It was hosted by comedians Pandji Pragiwaksono and Ernest Prakasa and broadcast on RCTI.",
"Beginning with this ceremony, Best Theme Song, was introduced to honour achievement in music.Riri Riza's biographical drama film ''Athirah'' won the most awards with six, including Best Picture.",
"Other winners include ''My Stupid Boss'' and ''Salawaku'' with three, ''Ada Apa Dengan Cinta?",
"2'' and ''Headshot'' with two."
],
[
"Development",
"2016 initial host city, Jayapura.The 2016 ceremony was initially set to be held in Jayapura, Papua.",
"However, the plan was cancelled due to financial and technical issues.",
"On 8 September 2016, the committee agreed to hold the ceremony at Ismail Marzuki Park, Central Jakarta.Notable events were held prior to the ceremony.",
"It opened with the screening of the restoration of ''Tiga Dara'' (1956) on 3 August.",
"An art installation of FFI was showcased at Neo Soho, West Jakarta, Indonesia."
],
[
"Winners and nominations",
"Riri Riza, Best Director winnerReza Rahadian, Best Actor winnerAlex Abbad, Best Supporting Actor winnerRaihaanun, Best Supporting Actress winnerThe nominations were announced on 14 October 2016 at the Plaza Indonesia, Central Jakarta.",
"''Athirah'' and ''Rudy Habibie'' received the most nominations with ten.Winners are listed first, highlighted in '''boldface''', and indicated with a double dagger ().",
"*'''''Athirah'' – Mira Lesmana'''**''Aisyah: Biarkan Kami Bersaudara'' – Hamdani Koestoro**''Letters from Prague'' – Angga Dwimas Sasongko, Anggia Kharisma, Handoko Hendroyono, and Chicco Jerikho**''Rudy Habibie'' – Manoj Punjabi**''Salawaku'' – Ray Zulham and Michael Julius *'''Riri Riza – ''Athirah'''''**Pritagita Aryanegara – ''Salawaku''**Upi Avianto – ''My Stupid Boss''**Yosep Anggi Noen – ''Solo, Solitude''**Kimo Stamboel and Timo Tjahjanto – ''Headshot'' *'''Reza Rahadian – ''My Stupid Boss'' as Boss Man'''**Abimana Aryasatya – ''Warkop DKI Reborn: Jangkrik Boss!",
"Part 1'' as Dono**Vino G. Bastian – ''Warkop DKI Reborn: Jangkrik Boss!",
"Part 1'' as Kasino**Reza Rahadian – ''Rudy Habibie'' as B. J. Habibie**Tio Pakusadewo – ''Letters from Prague'' as Jaya *'''Cut Mini – ''Athirah'' as Athirah Kalla'''**Sha Ine Febriyanti – ''Nay'' as Nay**Atiqah Hasiholan – ''Wonderful Life'' as Amalia**Christine Hakim – ''Ibu Maafkan Aku'' as Hartini**Chelsea Islan – ''Rudy Habibie'' as Ilona Ianovska *'''Alex Abbad – ''My Stupid Boss'' as Dika'''**Arman Dewarti – ''Athirah'' as Puang Haji Kalla**Arie Kriting – ''Aisyah: Biarkan Kami Bersaudara'' as Pedro**Adi Kurdi – ''Catatan Dodol Calon Dokter'' as Professor Burhan**JFlow Matulessy – ''Salawaku'' as Kawanua *'''Raihaanun – ''Salawaku'' as Binaiya'''**Lydia Kandou – ''Aisyah: Biarkan Kami Bersaudara'' as Aisyah's mother**Sissy Priscillia – ''Ada Apa Dengan Cinta?",
"2'' as Milly**Titiek Puspa – ''Three Sassy Sisters'' as Oma**Widyawati – ''Letters from Prague'' as Sulastri *'''''Aisyah: Biarkan Kami Bersaudara'' – Jujur Prananto'''**''Solo, Solitude'' – Yosep Anggi Noen**''Talak 3'' – Bagus Bramanti**''Tales of the Otherwords'' – B. W. Purbanegara**''There Is Love in High School'' – Haqi Achmad and Patrick Effendy *'''''Athirah'' – Salman Aristo and Riri Riza; based on the novel by Alberthiene Endah'''**''Catatan Dodol Calon Dokter'' – Ardiansyah Solaiman and Chadijah Masturi Siregar; based on the novel by Ferdiriva Hamzah**''My Stupid Boss'' – Upi Avianto; based on the novel by Chaos@Work**''Ngenest'' – Ernest Prakasa; based on his novel**''Rudy Habibie'' – Gina S. Noer and Hanung Bramantyo; based on the novel ''Rudy: Kisah Masa Muda Sang Visioner'' by Noer *'''''Gesang Sang Maestro Keroncong'' – Marselli Sumarno'''**''Indonesia Kirana'' – Febian Nurrahman Saktinegara**''Masean's Messages'' – Dwitra J. Ariana**''Nokas'' – Manuel Alberto Maia**''Petani Terakhir'' – Dwitra J. Ariana *'''''Mama Amamapare'' – Yonri S. Revolt and Febian Kakisina'''**''1.180 MDPL'' – Muhammad Mirza and Ahmalul Fauzan**''Di Kaliurang'' – Fransiscus Magastowo**''Tarung'' – Steve Pillar Setiabudi**''Wasis'' – Ima Puspita Sari *'''''Prenjak'' – Wregas Bhanuteja'''**''Kitorang Basudara'' – Ninndi Raras**''Memoria'' – Kamila Andini**''On the Origin of Fear'' – Bayu Prihantoro Filemon**''Pangreh'' – Harvan Agustriansyah *'''''Surat untuk Jakarta'' – Andre Sugianto, Aditya Prabaswara, and Ardhira Anugrah Putra'''**''Adit Sopo Jarwo: Eyang Datang Semua Senang'' – Indrajaya and Omar Aryaindra**''Adit Sopo Jarwo: Festival Perahu Kertas Belayar Tanpa Batas'' – Indrajaya and Omar Aryaindra**''Ang'' – Robert Sunny**''Reform'' – M. Ramza Ardyputra *'''''Salawaku'' – Faozan Rizal'''**''3 Heroines'' – Ipung Rachmat Syaiful**''Aisyah: Biarkan Kami Bersaudara'' – Edi Santoso**''Athirah'' – Yadi Sugandi**''Letters from Prague'' – Ivan Anwal Pane *'''''Athirah'' – Eros Eflin'''**''Headshot'' – Iqbal Marjono**''My Stupid Boss'' – Ade Gimbal**''Rudy Habibie'' – Allan Sebastian**''The Window'' – Edy Wibowo *'''''Headshot'' – Andi Novianto'''**''Bangkit!''",
"– Raiyan Laksamana**''Comic 8: Casino Kings Part 2'' – Eric Kawilarang, Andi Wijaya, and Pawan Sanjaya**''Warkop DKI Reborn: Jangkrik Boss!",
"Part 1'' – Eric Kawilarang, Andi Wijaya, and Pawan Sanjaya**''Wonderful Life'' – Fixit *'''''My Stupid Boss'' – Wawan I. Wibowo'''**''Ada Apa Dengan Cinta?",
"2'' – W. Ichwandiardono**''Letters from Prague'' – Ahsan Andrian**''Rudy Habibie'' – Wawan I. Wibowo**''Three Sassy Sisters'' – Aline Jusria *'''''Headshot'' – Fajar Yuskemal, Aria Prayogi, and M. Ichsan Rachmaditta'''**''Athirah'' – Satrio Budiono**''I Am Hope'' – Satrio Budiono**''Rudy Habibie'' – Satrio Budiono and Khikmawan Santosa**''There Is Love in High School'' – Khikmawan Santosa and Mohamad Ikhsan Sungkar *'''''Athirah'' – Chitra Subyakto'''**''Ada Apa Dengan Cinta?",
"2'' – Chitra Subyakto**''My Stupid Boss'' – Quartini Sari**''Rudy Habibie'' – Retno Ratih Damayanti**''Three Sassy Sisters'' – Tania Soeprapto *'''''Ada Apa Dengan Cinta?",
"2'' – Anto Hoed and Melly Goeslaw'''**''Letters from Prague'' – Thoersi Argeswara**''Nay'' – Zeke Khaseli and Yudhi Arfani**''Rudy Habibie'' – Tya Subiakto and Krisna Purna**''Salawaku'' – Thoersi Argeswara *'''\"Ratusan Purnama\" from ''Ada Apa Dengan Cinta?",
"2'' – Music and Lyrics by Anto Hoed and Melly Goeslaw; Performed by Marthino Lio and Goeslaw'''**\"Bangkit!\"",
"from ''Bangkit!''",
"– Music, Lyrics and Performed by Nidji**\"Imaji Sunyi\" from ''Salawaku'' – Music and Lyrics by Nico Veryandi; Performed by Karina Salim**\"Mencari Cinta Sejati\" from ''Rudy Habibie'' – Music and Lyrics by Anto Hoed; Performed by Cakra Khan**\"Ruang Bahagia\" from ''Athirah'' – Music, Lyrics and Performed by Endah N Rhesa *'''Elko Kastanye – ''Salawaku'' as Salawaku'''**Adryan Bima – ''Bangkit!''",
"as Dwi**Christabelle Grace Marbun – ''Kartini and Mr. Postman'' as Ningrum**Dionisius Rivaldo Moruk – ''Aisyah: Biarkan Kami Bersaudara'' as Siku Tavarez**Sinyo Riza – ''Wonderful Life'' as Aqil *'''Christine Hakim'''===Films with multiple nominations and awards===+ Films that received multiple nominations Nominations Film 10 ''Athirah'' ''Rudy Habibie'' 7 ''Salawaku''6 ''Aisyah: Biarkan Kami Bersaudara'' ''Letters from Prague'' ''My Stupid Boss'' 5 ''Ada Apa Dengan Cinta?",
"2'' 4 ''Headshot'' 3 ''Bangkit!''",
"''Three Sassy Sisters'' ''Warkop DKI Reborn: Jangkrik Boss!",
"Part 1'' ''Wonderful Life''2 ''Catatan Dodol Calon Dokter'' ''Nay'' ''Solo, Solitude'' ''There Is Love in High School''+ Films that received multiple awardsAwardsFilm 6 ''Athirah''3 ''My Stupid Boss'' ''Salawaku''2 ''Ada Apa Dengan Cinta?",
"2'' ''Headshot''"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Parque Xicoténcatl"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Parque Xicoténcatl''' is a public park in the Churubusco neighborhood of Coyoacán, Mexico City.",
"It is located across from the Museo Nacional de las Intervenciones, which details foreign attacks since Mexican independence.",
"The park is named after warrior prince Xicotencatl II of the Tlaxcala who was executed in 1521 after the fall of Tenochtitlan.The park was derelict prior to being nationalized and given its current name in 1965.It contains 6,000 m2 of trees and three talavera azulejo water fountains.President José López Portillo commissioned a sculpture of Hernán Cortés, Doña Marina, and their son Martín.",
"The 1981 statue by Julián Martínez Sotos was originally placed in front of Cortés's house in Coyoacán.",
"After López Portillo left office, the sculpture was moved to Parque Xicoténcatl."
],
[
"See also",
"*List of public art in Mexico City"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"IPanzer '44"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''iPanzer '44''''' is a 1998 video game from Interactive Magic.",
"It's a tank simulation game where WWII US Russian and German tanks pit against each other."
],
[
"Development",
"The game was developed by Charybdis Enterprises, a company founded in June 1995.It was showcased at E3 1997."
],
[
"Reception",
"''Computer Games Magazine'' said \"The highly detailed manual and the dynamic campaign structure hint at what this game could have been.",
"However, the combination of outdated graphics and an AI that simply can't figure out how to move or fight make iPanzer44 a huge disappointment\""
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Amastris (treehopper)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Amastris''''' is a genus of treehoppers belonging to the family Membracidae.",
"It has 71 described species."
],
[
"Species",
"GBIF lists the following species:*''Amastris affinis'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris alapigmentata'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris angulata'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris antica'' Germar*''Amastris arquata'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris brunneipennis'' Funkhouser*''Amastris citrina'' Fairmaire*''Amastris compacta'' Walker*''Amastris concolor'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris consanguinea'' Stảl*''Amastris conspicua'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris dama'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris deitzi'' Creão-Duarte & Sakakibara, 1994*''Amastris deplumis'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris depressa'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris discreta'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris affinis'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris alapigmentata'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris angulata'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris antica'' Germar*''Amastris arquata'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris brunneipennis'' Funkhouser*''Amastris citrina'' Fairmaire*''Amastris compacta'' Walker*''Amastris concolor'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris consanguinea'' Stảl*''Amastris conspicua'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris dama'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris deitzi'' Creão-Duarte & Sakakibara, 1994*''Amastris deplumis'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris depressa'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris discreta'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris discreta'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris dissimilis'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris elevata'' Funkhouser*''Amastris evexa'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris exaltata'' Walker*''Amastris exigua'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris fallax'' Stảl*''Amastris fasciata'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris finitima'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris flava'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris flavifolia'' Funkhouser*''Amastris fonsecai'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris froeschneri'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris funkhouseri'' Haviland*''Amastris gregaria'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris guttata'' Fonseca*''Amastris inclinata'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris inconspicua'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris inermis'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris inornata'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris interstincta'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris janae'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris knighti'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris lycioda'' Ball*''Amastris maculata'' Funkhouser*''Amastris melina'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris minuta'' Funkhouser*''Amastris notata'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris obscura'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris obtegens'' Fabricius*''Amastris panamensis'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris peruviana'' Funkhouser*''Amastris pilosa'' (Funkhouser)*''Amastris projecta'' Funkhouser*''Amastris pseudoelevata'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris pseudomaculata'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris punctata'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris ramosa'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris reclusa'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris revelata'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris robusta'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris sabulosa'' Funkhouser*''Amastris sakakibarai'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris simillima'' Stảl*''Amastris singularis'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris specialis'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris straminea'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris subangulata'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris sulphurea'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris templa'' Ball*''Amastris triviale'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris undulata'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris unica'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris vicina'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris viridisparsa'' Broomfield, 1976*''Amastris vismiae'' Haviland*''Amastris vitallina'' Broomfield, 1976"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Theodoros Terzopoulos"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Theodoros Terzopoulos''' (, born 1947) is a Greek theatre director."
],
[
"Biography",
"Terzopoulos was born in 1947 in Makrygialos, Pieria, descending from a large farming family of Pontic origin.He initially studied at the drama school of K. Michaelides in Athens (1965–67) and then at the Berliner Ensemble in East Berlin (1972–76).",
"During his studies in East Germany he was significantly influenced by Heiner Müller.Returning to Greece, he worked first in Thessaloniki, and then from 1978 with the National Theatre of Northern Greece, in which he directed four plays, and was the director of its associated drama school from 1981 to 1983.In 1985 he became director at the festival of ancient drama at the European Cultural Centre of Delphi.",
"In the same year, he founded the theatre group Attis, with which he presented Euripides' ''The Bacchae'' in Delphi in 1986, gaining over the years international fame and recognition for his radical and pioneering direction.",
"In 1993 he founded the Theatre Olympics, of which he also assumed the presidency.During his career, he has directed numerous ancient Greek tragedies, as well as modern Greek and European pays, in festivals and theatres around the world, including a revival of ''The Bacchae'' at the Stanislavsky Electrotheatre in 2015.He has also received various awards.",
"In 2015 he published the book ''Η Επιστροφή του Διόνυσου'' ('The Return of Dionysus'), which has been translated into several languages."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Natsuki (Doki Doki Literature Club!)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Natsuki''' is a character in the 2017 video game ''Doki Doki Literature Club!''",
"She is one of four girls in the literature club, alongside Sayori, Yuri, and Monika.",
"She is a tsundere and a victim of domestic abuse by her father, with her traits ultimately becoming more pronounced due to Monika's intervention in the game's files.",
"She was created by Dan Salvato, who recognized the \"reality\" behind her and the others.",
"Her character was inspired by people with depression in Salvato's life.Natsuki was generally well received by critics, with multiple noting scenes involving her as particularly unsettling.",
"She has also received commentary as a victim of abuse.",
"A meme exists that refers to Natsuki as an anti-LGBT slur, \"trap.\"",
"Salvato called this was disrespectful, asking people to stop spreading it and mentioning that he was sent it nearly every day."
],
[
"Concept and creation",
"Natsuki was created for ''Doki Doki Literature Club!''",
"by Dan Salvato.",
"She exhibits the traits of a tsundere, a personality type that is outwardly aggressive, but inwardly soft to the target of their affection.",
"Natsuki lives in an abusive household, using the literature club to avoid her father.",
"Her behavior grows more aggressive as the game goes on due to Monika's modification of the video game and her files.Salvato created stock characters based on anime archetypes that were given Japanese names to emphasize a pseudo-Japanese atmosphere.",
"To emphasize this, he also had the characters' dialogue read as though it was poorly translated from Japanese.",
"When designing the cast of ''Doki Doki Literature Club!",
"'', Salvato began to recognize the \"reality\" behind Natsuki and the others in the game.",
"He sought to connect with the characters, and thus explored their \"insecurities and realistic personality traits.\"",
"He noted that Natsuki was influenced by the depression those in his life suffer from.",
"Due to Salvato's lack of artistic skills at the time, he created the designs of Natsuki and other characters in a free anime-creation program, which were used in a test version of the game.",
"Salvato recognized that a product of such quality would not satisfy potential players, Her final design in-game was handled by freelance artist Satchely."
],
[
"Appearances",
"Natsuki appears in the video game ''Doki Doki Literature Club!",
"'', being one of the four members of the game's literature club, along with Sayori, Yuri, and Monika.",
"Natsuki, along with the others, write poetry, and the player creates their own poetry, being able to choose words that may appeal more to either Natsuki, Sayori, and Yuri, which influences who the player character spends time with.",
"The player may help either Natsuki or Yuri during the cultural festival, with either character attempting to kiss the player character before being interrupted by Sayori.As the game goes along, the player discovers that Natsuki is both malnourished and suffering abuse from her father.",
"Due to distortions caused by Monika, several glitches may occur with her, including one where her neck breaks and she rushes the screen.",
"Later, Yuri confesses her love, ultimately committing suicide regardless of the player's response.",
"When Natsuki discovers the corpse, she throws up, running out of the room before being deleted by Monika.",
"After the player defeats Monika, she expresses regret, restoring the world, minus herself.There are two different endings that may occur.",
"If the player beats the game normally, Sayori becomes self-aware and megalomaniacal like Monika, ultimately causing Monika to delete the whole game, Natsuki included.",
"If the player makes a point of witnessing all scenes in act 1, the same scene plays out, except Sayori is able to control herself while self-aware, allowing her, Natsuki, and Yuri to continue existing.She also appears in the enhanced version, ''Doki Doki Literature Club Plus!",
"'', which explores how the four girls came to form the literature club.She has received multiple pieces of merchandise, including a Nendoroid figure and a wrist watch themed after her."
],
[
"Reception",
"Natsuki has received generally positive reception.",
"Writer Christopher Patterson noted how Natsuki and Yuri contrast each other, calling Yuri \"the blue oni to Natsuki's red oni.\"",
"He also discussed her appearance, commenting that her pink clothing and red hair were a reflection of her \"aloof and fiery temperament.\"",
"''Destructoid'' writer Charlotte Cutts identified seeing Natsuki throw up upon seeing Yuri's corpse as one of the most shocking things she has ever seen in a video game.",
"''GameSpot'' writer Lucy James found ''Doki Doki Literature Club!''",
"upsetting for a variety of things that happen to its cast.",
"However, she cited a moment with Natsuki as the one that stood out the most, where Natsuki presents a nonsensical poem, begins to go out of control, breaks her own neck, and runs at the screen.When discussing Sayori's depictions of mental illness, which ''Fanbyte'' writer Kara Dennison felt was handled intelligently, she felt that the domestic abuse Natsuki suffers from her father was \"not nearly as visible as we pretend they are.\"",
"She discussed how she uses the club as a safe space, both for herself and her manga, wanting to keep the club \"small, familiar, and safe.\"",
"She also noted that her aggressive behavior to the protagonist, rather than being a product of Salvato's writing, was an in-universe rewriting caused by Monika's narcissism.Natsuki became the subject of a meme, where people would analyze her appearance and mannerisms in order to determine whether she was assigned male at birth, referred to as a \"trap\" (calling her \"Trapsuki\").",
"People argued this because she has broad shoulders and a flat chest, though others found that her proportions mirrored a cisgender woman's.",
"''The Daily Dot'' writer Ana Valens considered this transphobic, arguing that the term implies that transgender women and crossdressing men \"trap\" men into sex, particularly due to its recent usage to refer to trans women.",
"She stated that both cis and trans women have significant body variance, making such analysis unreliable to distinguish them.",
"After a user on Twitter asked Salvato to tweet that \"Natsuki is a trap\" for \"waifu purposes,\" Salvato refused to do so, calling the meme disrespectful and asking that people stop, noting that he was tweeted at and emailed \"almost daily\" about it.",
"When asked if people could interpret her as a trans woman, Salvato encouraged people to make their own personal interpretations of her."
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Willean Lepo"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Willean Bernardo Willemen''' (born 16 January 1997), known as '''Willean Lepo''' or '''Willean Lepu''', is a Brazilian footballer who plays as either a right-back or a defensive midfielder for Novorizontino."
],
[
"Career",
"Lepo was born in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, and represented the youth sides of Americano, Cabofriense and Macaé.",
"After making his first team debut with the latter in the 2016 Série C, he became an undisputed starter in the 2018 Campeonato Carioca.On 29 May 2018, Lepo moved to Bahia on loan, and was initially assigned to the under-23 squad.",
"He was promoted to the main squad for the 2019 season, signing a permanent deal, but was rarely used afterwards.On 6 July 2020, Lepo was loaned to Novorizontino until the end of the 2021 Campeonato Paulista.",
"After helping in their promotion to the Série C, he signed a permanent deal with ''Tigre'' in May 2021.On 30 November 2022, after establishing himself as a starter as Novorizontino achieved another promotion, Lepo renewed his contract with the club."
],
[
"Career statistics",
"ClubSeasonLeagueState LeagueCupContinentalOtherTotalDivisionAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoalsMacaé2016Série C9000———90201712030——101602018Série D00151———151Total210181——10401Bahia2018Série A00————002019001000—00102020007100—0071Total008100—0081Novorizontino2020Série D15230———1822021Série C211110———3212022Série B2809010——3802023330190———52020240050———50Total97347010——1453'''Career total'''11837321000101925"
],
[
"References"
]
]
| wikipedia |
[
[
"Carachipampa"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Space image of Carachipampa'''Carachipampa''' is a Pleistocene volcanic cone in Argentina.",
"Part of a wider, regional volcanic field, it has produced lava flows consisting of andesite.",
"It is surrounded by a lake and a salt flat, the former of which features an ecosystem formed by microbes."
],
[
"Volcano",
"Carachipampa lies in the Catamarca Province of northwestern Argentina.",
"It is a black volcanic cone with its summit on the southeastern crater rim, surrounded by a field of lava flows that were fed from the northwestern side of the cone.",
"Part of the southeastern flank of the cone is collapsed.",
"The occurrence of eroded scoria cones and lava domes has been reported.",
"The lava flows reach thicknesses of and lengths of , and consist of mafic andesite that defines a calc-alkaline suite.",
"Phenocrysts are mostly amphibole, clinopyroxene and olivine.",
"Rock samples from the volcano have been analyzed.The volcano erupted 750,000 years ago and is part of the fourth volcanic stage in the region.",
"There are a number of mafic volcanic centres in the southern Puna, including Antofagasta de la Sierra north of Carachipampa.",
"Cerro Blanco farther southwest produced ignimbrites, which cover the terrain southwest of Carachipampa, and is still active.",
"Seismic tomography has identified a low-speed anomaly underneath Carachipampa, which connects to it and to several neighbouring volcanoes like Galán and Ojos del Salado.",
"The so-called \"Cerro Galán Magmatic Body\" lies north of Carachipampa; the volcano lies above its margin.",
"There is evidence of neotectonic activity at Carachipampa."
],
[
"Surroundings",
"The cone lies at the centre, and the lowest point, of a wide deserted, vegetation-free plain that is one of the lowest-elevation areas in the Puna.",
"To the west, across a ridge, lies the Incahuasi basin, to the east there is a sharp demarcation with the Campo de Piedra Pomez with numerous yardangs carved into ignimbrites.",
"Permian red beds and Paleogene sediments crop out close to Carachipampa.",
"Other rock formations around the Carachipampa plain range in age from Neoproterozoic over Devonian.",
"The basin is filled with sediments, reaching thicknesses of .",
"The basin is notable for the giant (up to high), wind-formed megaripples; they are found southwest of Carachipampa in the valley that runs to Cerro Blanco.",
"Winds have removed fine materials, leaving only granular material on the plain, and eroded sediments from wetlands."
],
[
"Climate and water",
"The region has a cold and arid climate, as the Andes prevent block from the Atlantic.",
"Winds blow mostly from the northwest and can be intense, explaining the widespread aeolian landforms at Carachipampa.",
"Other traits of the climate are high UV radiation, large daily temperature fluctuations and frequent drying, which make the environment similar to that experienced on Mars.There are two major waterbodies at Carachipampa, which surround the volcano:* Laguna Carachipampa covers a surface of .",
"Located at or elevation, it is hypersaline and contains salty chloride- and sulfate-rich waters which precipitate aragonite.",
"Its waters are mostly more than 60 years old.",
"The lake is flanked by pools of hydrothermal water, and both them and (in lesser measure) the lake feature a microbial ecosystem, similar to a number of other Puna lakes.",
"The microbes produce microbial mats, oncoids and stromatolites consisting of carbonate minerals.",
"They extend along of the lake, occasionally forming flat pavements.",
"Flamingos breed at Laguna Carachipampa; other birds encountered at Carachipampa include the Puna plover.",
"* Salar Carachipampa is a salt pan lies south-southeast from the volcano and sometimes fills with water, forming an ephemeral lake.",
"It is partially covered by wind-transported sediments.",
"A smaller volcano lies south of the salt pan.Several watercourses, many of which are ephemeral, flow into the Carachipampa waterbodies.",
"These include the Pirica and Colorado rivers and the creek at El Peñón.",
"At least one creek feeds the waterbodies.",
"The Pirica and Colorado rivers may still flow to Carachipampa.",
"Wetlands are found mainly north of Carachipampa and cover an area of about .It is probable that in the past, the basin extended to Fiambalá, before it was separated by volcanic activity.",
"Later, activity of the Antofagasta de la Sierra volcanoes farther north removed inflow from the north although it is possible that water still flows underground from Antofagasta to Carachipampa.",
"Until 1905 years ago, the climate was wetter and a terrace formed at Laguna Carachipampa.",
"Active wetlands and beach environments developed around 644 years ago."
],
[
"Human use",
"The town of El Peñón is east of Carachipampa, and the volcano/lake is a tourism destination.",
"The road from Belen to Antofagasta de la Sierra, Catamarca passes by Carachipampa.",
"There is no evidence of agriculture or archeological sites around Carachipampa, but the inhabitants of Peñón used the wetlands as pastures.",
"Bolivia briefly claimed the southern Puna including Carachipampa during the Puna de Atacama dispute in the early 20th century.Owing to its extreme environmental conditions, Carachipampa has been used as an Earth-based analogue to Mars.",
"Alum and salt were extracted from Carachipampa, and presently the company Lake Resources owns rights about a lithium extraction project at Carachipampa.",
"The name may refer to Quechua , \"plain\"; the first component may be a reference to either , \"salt\", or , a type of white ground, or , \"Erial sterile field\"."
],
[
"Notes"
],
[
"References",
"=== Sources ===* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *"
],
[
"External links",
" TOPONIMIA INDÍGENA DEL VALLE DE COPIAPÓ.",
"by HERMAN CARVAJAL LAZO"
]
]
| wikipedia |
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