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[ [ "Public Service Act" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Public Service Act of the Philippines''', also recognized as Commonwealth Act No.", "146, is a Philippine law that was signed into law by President Manuel L. Quezon on November 7, 1936, which overseeing public services in the country.", "Originating in 1936 during the Commonwealth of the Philippines, the Act's primary goal is to regulate and oversee public utilities and services, ensuring their effectiveness, dependability, and affordability.", "In 2022, President Rodrigo Duterte signed Republic Act No.", "11659, which comprehensively amended the Public Service Act.", "These amendments lifted foreign ownership restrictions and redefined the scope of public services." ], [ "Provisions of the Public Service Act", "Key provisions of the Public Service Act include defining public services, which encompass various industries such as telecommunications, transportation, electricity, and water supply.", "The Act outlines the requirements and procedures for entities to operate as public utilities, including obtaining franchises or certificates of public convenience from the government.The Act also empowers the government through the Public Service Commission (PSC) to regulate public utilities, including setting rates, ensuring quality standards, and resolving disputes between service providers and consumers." ], [ "Amendments to the Public Service Act in the Philippines", "The Public Service Act underwent a significant amendment in 2022 through the passage of Republic Act No.", "11659.The amendment aimed to modernize the regulation of public services in the country.", "The key provisions of the amendment include the redefinition of public utilities, the removal of nationality restrictions on investments, and the introduction of a regulatory framework to foster competition and protect the interests of consumers.One of the major changes brought about by Republic Act No.", "11659 is the redefinition of public utilities.", "Under the amended law, public utilities are limited to certain essential services such as electricity distribution, water distribution, and sewage systems.", "This redefinition clarifies which industries are subject to strict regulations and foreign ownership limitations.Another significant aspect of the amendment is the removal of nationality restrictions on investments in public utilities.", "Foreign investors are now allowed to fully own public utility companies, provided that they comply with certain regulations and requirements set by the government.", "This change is expected to attract more foreign investments and promote competition in the public service sector." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Commonwealth Act No.", "146 on the Supreme Court of the Philippines* Republic Act No.", "11659 on the Official Gazette of the Philippine Government" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Dudhi River" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Doodhi River''' is a river in Madhya Pradesh, India.", "It is tributary of Narmada River.", "Mainly Doodhi River flowing in Chhindwara and Narsinghpur District." ], [ "See also", "* Narmada River* List of rivers of Madhya Pradesh" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Acanalonia virescens" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Acanalonia virescens''''' is a species of planthopper in the family Acanaloniidae.", "It is found in coastal regions such as southern coastal Texas, the east cost of Mexico, and as far south as Panama.", "It was initially recorded in Florida, but has not been found there since." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Alo Hoidre" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Alo Hoidre''' (until 1935 '''Horn''', né '''Aleksander'''; January 26, 1916 – October 2, 1993) was an Estonian painter, book illustrator, and printmaker." ], [ "Life", "Hoidre was born in Petrograd, Russia, and he moved to Tallinn with his family in 1920, where he attended Primary School No.", "18.From 1933 to 1937, he studied lithography at the State Industrial Art School, and from 1938 to 1941 he studied graphic arts at the Pallas Art School.", "He was mobilized into the Red Army in 1941 and took part in the Battle of Velikiye Luki in the ranks of the 8th Estonian Rifle Corps.", "He was demobilized in 1943, and he received a scholarship to study in Moscow and Leningrad.", "Hoidre returned to Tallinn in 1944, where he was the head of the art department of the newspaper ''Sirp ja Vasar''.", "From 1944 to 1982, he was a lecturer at the State Art Institute of the Estonian SSR." ], [ "Artistic creation", "Hoidre created both independent illustrations and illustrations for books, and he mastered the techniques of lithography.", "As a painter, he preferred tempera and oil painting.", "He took part in numerous Estonian and Soviet exhibitions, including the prestigious .", "After returning from the Second World War, Hoidre devoted himself to book illustrations and artworks with a military and industrial theme.In 1951, Hoidre collaborated with Ott Kangilaski, Richard Sagrits, , and to illustrate Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald's ''Kalevipoeg''.", "The highly popular method of collective work at that time was used for this high-profile publication prepared for the tenth anniversary of the Estonian SSR.", "The intertitles and vignettes were created by Richard Kaljo, and the ornamental design of the intertitles was the work of Edith Paris.", "Another new edition of ''Kalevipoeg'' was published by in the five-volume series of works released to mark the 150th anniversary of Kreutzwald's birth in 1953 with illustrations by these artists.In his later creative years, having withdrawn from commissions and teaching at the art institute, Hoidre's personality as a painter manifested itself in hedonistic, cheerful compositions.", "In the 1980s and early 1990s, the artist experimented with various materials and techniques, creating abstract paintings and collages on copper plates, cardboard, and wood next to the canvas, mainly for himself, experimenting with the possibilities of abstract art and using unexpected methods and materials.", "The color of Hoidre's late works is rich and deep, and the themes explore the basic problems of human existence.", "The titles of his paintings are informative: ''Kirgastumine'' (Brightening) and ''Selginemine'' (Clarification).", "The work ''Selginemine'', completed in 1971, was the prelude to the recognition that came to him in the early 1990s, which also saw him receive the Kristjan Raud Art Award.One trend in Hoidre's work is related to grotesque, semi-abstract figures, which he cultivated in both painting and prints.", "For painting, he used mixed media such as gold paint to make the composition more expressive and attractive.", "As an artist, Hoidre played on the border between tragedy and comedy in his works.", "His ''Kompositsioon suplejatega'' (Composition with Bathers, 1980) shows the more humorous side of his work." ], [ "Works", "1939: ''Näod'' (Faces).", "Drypoint1940: ''Kohtla-Järve'' (Kohtla-Järve).", "Lithography, paper1940: ''The Monastery of Petseri'' by Hanno Kompus (Töökool).", "Cover illustration1945: ''Rehepeks'' (Threshing).", "Lithography1947: ''Ehitustööd Kiviõlis'' (Construction Work in Kiviõli).", "Lithography, paper1947: ''Kiviõli'' (Kiviõli).", "Lithography, paper1947: ''Kohtla-Järve'' (Kohtla-Järve).", "Lithography, paper1948: ''Kohtla-Järve tehased'' (Kohtla-Järve Factories).", "Tempera, paper1950: ''Punalipu üleandmine'' (Handing Over a Red Flag).", "Watercolor, Whatman paper.", "With and Priidu Aavik1953: ''Jutustused'' (Tales), part 3, by Eduard Vilde (Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus).", "Illustrations1955: ''Mahtra sõda'' (The Mahtra War).", "Charcoal1958: ''Mahtra sõda'' (The Mahtra War) by Eduard Vilde (Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus).", "Cover illustration1961: ''Lõhed'' (Gaps).", "Lithography, paper1961: ''Pakane Punanina'' (Grandfather Frost the Red Nose) by Nikolay Nekrasov (Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus).", "Illustrations1963: ''Pühajärv'' (Holy Lake).", "Lithography, paper1963: ''Ema'' (Mother) by Maxim Gorky (Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus).", "Cover illustration1964: ''Otepää maastik'' (Otepää Landscape).", "Lithography, paper1967: ''Kes levitab anekdoote?''", "(Who Is Spreading These Stories?)", "by Lilli Promet (Eesti Raamat).", "Cover illustration1971: ''Lelu'' (Toy).", "Lithography, mixed media1971: ''Selgimine'' (Clarification).", "Oil, masonite1971: ''Colas Breugnon'' by Romain Rolland (Eesti Raamat).", "Cover illustration1974: ''Kotermannide laul'' (Kotermann's Song).", "Mixed media1974: ''Mäeküla piimamees'' (The Dairyman of Mäeküla) by Eduard Vilde (Eesti Raamat).", "Cover illustration1975: ''Peagi saabun'' (I Will Arrive Soon).", "Mixed media1978: ''Anna Karenina'' by Leo Tolstoy (Eesti Raamat).", "Cover illustration1980: ''Kompositsioon suplejatega'' (Composition with Bathers).", "Mixed media1984: ''Hiiglaste tee'' (Giant's Causeway) by August Jakobson (Eesti Raamat).", "Cover illustration1986: ''Kunstimeistrid (Portree Eduard Wiiraltist)'' (Masters of Art, Portrait of Eduard Wiiralt).", "Color lithography1988: ''Karolina'' (Carolina).", "Lithography, paper1990: ''Kübar'' (Hat).", "Oil" ], [ "Students", "Notable artists that studied under Alo Hoidre include the book artist and poster artist (1920–2016) and the printmaker (1930–2020)." ], [ "Exhibitions", "1999 (February 3 – March 5): Gallery 36, Konrad Adenauer Foundation, ''Tundmatu Alo Hoidre'' (The Unknown Alo Hoidre)2000 (until April 30): green wing of the Tammsaare Museum, ''Alo Hoidre.", "Viimased maalid'' (Alo Hoidre: The Last Paintings)2005 (September 19 – March 3): Pärnu City Gallery, ''Retrospektiiv'' (Retrospective)" ], [ "Recognitions and awards", "1969: 1982: People's Artist of the Estonian SSR1984: Kristjan Raud Art Award*1991: Kristjan Raud Art Award" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Jessica Chan" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Jessica Chan Yee Chun''' (; born 2 June 1996) is a Hong Kong actress and a member of YouTube comedy skits group Trial & Error." ], [ "Biography", "Chan was born on June 2, 1996, in Hong Kong.", "She was fond of being an actress while growing up.", "Chan later attended City University of Hong Kong to study finance and graduated with a Bachelor of Business Administration in 2018.She featured in several short films and music videos during university years, and worked in the public relations industry for two years after graduation.", "In 2020, she was approached by Neo Yau, the founder of Trial & Error, who was impressed by her performance after watching her music videos.", "Chan quitted her job and joined Trial & Error to pursue an acting career in the same year.", "She was one of the regular members of the comedy skits group and received public attention after filming short films ''Beyblade Christmas Eve'' (爆旋平安夜) and ''Godfather'' (教父).In 2021, Chan received her first onscreen role in the ViuTV drama series ''''.", "She was also featured in singer 's new single, \"Love In The Snow\" (雪不完的浪漫), in the same year.", "She voiced the titular character in the Cantonese dub version of 2022 Japanese animated film ''Pompo: The Cinéphile'', and appeared in the 2023 drama film ''Time Still Turns the Pages''." ], [ "Personal life", "As of January 2024, Chan is dating actor and founder of Trial & Error Neo Yau.", "The couple confirmed their relationship in April 2022." ], [ "Filmography", "=== Film === Year Title Role Notes 2022 ''Pompo: The Cinéphile'' Pompo Cantonese voice dub2023 '''' Actress ''Time Still Turns the Pages'' Piano teacher === Television === Year Title Role Notes 2020 '''' Jessica Main role" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* *" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Perth Ram Temple" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Perth Ram Temple''' is a Hindu temple proposed for construction at Perth, Western Australia, Australia.", "As planned, it will be the tallest temple dedicated to Rama ever built in the world with an elevation of which would be twice the height of the Viraat Ramayan Mandir.", "At its potential cost of it is likely to be one of the most expensive temples in the world.", "The temple has been planned by the International ShriRam Vedic And Cultural Union (ISVACU), and is expected to take up around of land.Once opened it will be the tallest religious monument in the world and also the tallest and biggest Hindu temple in Oceania." ], [ "History", "In January 2024, prior to the inauguration ceremony of the Ram Mandir in Ayodhya, India, the International ShriRam Vedic And Cultural Union Inc. (ISVACU) foundation announced their plan for the biggest Lord Rama temple in the world, with a height of , and covering up to of land.The developers have said that the temple will also feature a yoga and meditation center, a cultural center, a guest house, a Vedas learning center, a multi-functional community hall, Permarth Rasoi (community kitchen), an art gallery and a library of ancient books and scripts including the ''Ramayana'' and other publications.", "It will also organize cultural shows, celebrate festivals such as Rama Navami and holistic well-being programmes." ], [ "Planning", "The temple is expected to exceed the size of the Ram Mandir situated in Ram Janmabhoomi, Ayodhya, India.The temple is expected to be accessible from River Road, the temple complex will feature elements like a candle porch, Chitrakoot Vatika and Panchvati Vatika gardens, and a proposed Ram Niwas hotel.", "It will also provide cultural spaces like Sita Rasoi restaurant, Ramayana Sadan Library, and Tulsidas Hall.", "The temple will house spiritual spaces, including a yoga court, a meditation court, a Veda learning center, a research center, a museum and a technology garden.", "The library will also feature copies of the Ramayana scriptures for devotees, and for tourists to purchase from the library.It will also include a bio-sewage treatment plant and a solar power plant, aiming for a zero carbon footprint throughout the temple.===Deities===The temple will feature lord Rama as the presiding deity of the temple with a main portion of the temple dedicated to him.", "The temple will also feature shrines of goddess Sita and Lakshmana the brother of lord Rama.", "Minor shrines for lord Vishnu and goddess Lakshmi will also be done within the temple." ], [ "See also", "Ram MandirViraat Ramayan Mandir" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Video about the Temple project - Video* Official Website Perth Ram Temple" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Western Illinois Purple and Gold football, 1902–1909" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Western Illinois Purple and Gold football''' program represented the Western Illinois State Normal School, also known as the '''Macomb State Normal School''', later renamed Western Illinois University.", "This article covers the program's first eight years of intercollegiate football from 1902 to 1909.During this period, the team's opponents included Carthage College (six games), Illinois State (five games), Quincy High School (four games), Lombard College (three games), Monmouth College (two games), Northern Illinois (two games), Kirksville State (two games), and Saint Alban's Military Academy (two games)." ], [ "1902", "It was previously believed that Western Illinois first fielded a football team in 1903.However, research by a WIU professor (John Hallwas) and an employee of the WIU archives (Kathy Nichols) estabished that Western Illinois fieded a team in 1902 that played four games and compiled a 2–2 record." ], [ "1903", "The '''1903 Western Illinois Purple and Gold football team''' represented the Western Illinois State Normal School as an independent during the 1903 college football season.", "The school's athletic association was formed in the fall of 1903.The team played four games, compiled a 0–3–1 record, and was outscored by a total of 75 to 6.It is not known if the team had a coach." ], [ "1904", "The '''1904 Western Illinois Purple and Gold football team''' represented the Western Illinois State Normal School as an independent during the 1904 college football season.", "In their first and only season under coach L. H. Laughlin, the Purple and Gold compiled a 5–2 record.At the start of the season, ''The Macomb Journal'' opined that the team was \"much stronger than last year\" with a heavier line and an average weight of 150 pounds.", "The players included: Rexroat, center; White and L. Rexroad, guards; Sutton and Morrow, tackles; Simeral and Cordell, ends Legere and Switzer, halfbacks; Pierce, fullback; and Wilson, quarterback." ], [ "1905", "The '''1905 Western Illinois Purple and Gold football team''' represented the Western Illinois State Normal School as an independent during the 1905 college football season.", "In their first and only season under coach A. Laughlin, the Purple and Gold compiled a 4–2 record and outscored opponents by a total of 62 to 49." ], [ "1906", "The '''1906 Western Illinois Purple and Gold football team''' represented the Western Illinois State Normal School as an independent during the 1906 college football season.", "In their first season under coach and historian Oliver Morton Dickerson, the Purple and Gold compiled a 1–4 record." ], [ "1907", "The '''1907 Western Illinois Purple and Gold football team''' represented the Western Illinois State Normal School as an independent during the 1907 college football season.", "In their first season under coach Charles A. Barnett, the Purple and Gold compiled a 2–3 record, scored 54 points, and allowed 54 points to opponents.The football team was disbanded in late November due to its poor performance.", "One official at the school stated that \"the reason the team had been a failure was because of the use of liquor among the men when they went to play teams in neighboring towns.\"" ], [ "1908", "The '''1908 Western Illinois Purple and Gold football team''' represented the Western Illinois State Normal School as an independent during the 1908 college football season.", "In their second season under coach Charles A. Barnett, the Purple and Gold compiled a 2–3–1 record and outscored opponents by a total of 107 to 61." ], [ "1909", "The '''1909 Western Illinois Purple and Gold football team''' represented the Western Illinois State Normal School as an independent during the 1909 college football season.", "In their first season under coach Francis Taft, the Purple and Gold compiled a 2–3 record.Taft drilled the team in difficult forms of the forward pass and on-side kick, plays which had only been used in \"their simplest forms\" prior to the 1909 season." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Levi Addison Gardner" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Levi Addison Gardner''' (May 23, 1860 - May 9, 1916) was an American businessman and politician.", "He served as mayor of Harvard, Illinois and was the maternal grandfather of Gerald Ford, the 38th President of the United States.He was also active as a businessman, owning a high-end furniture store in Harvard." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Flügel edition" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Flügel edition''' is an edition of the Quran produced by the German orientalist Gustav Leberecht Flügel (1802–1870), first published in 1834 by the publishing house Tauchnitz in Leipzig.", "In 1842, Flügel also published a concordance to go along with his edition.", "More broadly, Flügel's efforts can be understood in the context of the rapid rise of the field of philology in the second half of the eighteenth century in Germany, which began in biblical studies before also expanding into the realm of Quranic studies.Although it was almost immediately recognized as inadequate primarily due to its splitting of verses and lack of consistently following any single one of the variant readings, the daunting task of producing another edition of the Quran from the thousands of available manuscripts and the lack of an alternative led to it being the standard edition used by Western researchers.", "For the time being, this allowed for consistency in the use of a reliable text and in textual citation according to the verse numbering used by Flügel.", "This remained the case until the publication of the Cairo edition of the Quran in 1924, which gradually superseded the use of the Flügel edition among researchers and also became the most widely used edition by contemporary Muslims." ], [ "History", "Prior to the Flügel edition, Western researchers first gained access to a printed edition of the Quran with the appearance of the Hinckelmann edition in 1694.The publication of the Flügel Quran edition in 1834, in Leipzig by Tauchnitz publishers, superseded the Hinckelmann edition.", "It was released in four issues, one of which was to meet the expectations of Muslim readers with respect to its paratext and book design.", "After the success of the initial publication, Tauchnitz would follow-up with several more editions and companion texts:* In 1837, a student edition was published by Gustav Redslob.", "* Two corrections were published in 1841 and in 1858.", "* Finally, in 1842, Flügel accompanied his edition of the Quran with the publication of a concordance in Latin, titled the ''Concordantiae Corani arabicae,'' which is considered a significant contribution to early Islamic studies.Although it was not the first Quran printed in Europe, the publication of the Flügel edition allowed Western Quranic studies to gain a foothold for the first time.", "The publication of the Cairo edition in 1924 would lead to the phasing out of the use of the Flügel edition, although not immediately.", "Given the long-standing use of this edition, for some years academics cited verses along how they were numbered in both Cairo and Flügel editions, prior to a more complete supersession by the former." ], [ "Differences with the Cairo edition", "The Flügel edition has several differences with the contemporary Cairo edition, and Flügel was immediately criticized by other researchers for a number of the decisions he had made in the production of his edition.", "The first difference is that Flügel had made some modifications to vowel markers from the Muslim ''mushaf'' in trying to make the edition more consistent with the rules of classical Arabic orthography.", "The second is that the way that verses are numbered differs slightly as a result of some differences in decisions about where certain verses ended.", "In this respect, Flügel followed the verse numbering used by the Quran edition published by Abraham Hinckelmann in 1694.Third, the Cairo edition consistently follows the reading (qira'at) of Hafs 'an 'Asim, whereas Flügel drew from readings from several readers.", "Fourth, he introduced additional symbols meant to aid the reader in correctly pronouncing the text, such as at points of pauses in speech.", "A more complete analysis of the differences between the two editions has been published in a German article by Arne Ambros in 1988." ], [ "See also", "* Cairo edition* History of the Quran" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Susan Ejore" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Susan Ejore-Sanders''' ('''nee''' Ejore born November 9, 1995) is a professional long-distance runner." ], [ "High School", "Susan Lokayo Ejore started running at St. Gabriel's Mission School in Nakuru, Kenya, where she completed in cross country and track and field." ], [ "College", "Ejore graduated from the University of Oregon and Monroe College." ], [ "Professional", "Ejore signed with Under Armour.", "On February 11, Susan Ejori-Sanders set a Kenya National Record in the indoor mile (4:20.61)." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* * Susan Ejore University of Oregon Track and Field Oregon Ducks* Susan Ejore University of Oregon Track and Field Results TFRRS* Susan Ejore Instagram* Susan Ejore Monroe College" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Laguna Hanson" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Laguna Hanson''' is a lake in the Sierra de Juárez in Baja California state of Mexico.", "The lake is located in Constitución de 1857 National Park at elevation.The lake provides a feeding, resting, and breeding area for at least 29 species of birds, including the migratory birds gadwall (''Mareca streptera'') and redhead duck (''Aythya americana'').The lake and its floodplain was designated a Ramsar site (wetland of international importance) in 2020.The Ramsar site covers an area of 511 hectares." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Cathy Hinners" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Cathy Hinners''' (born 1960) is an American blogger and former Albany, New York intelligence police officer who currently lives in Tennessee, where she runs the anti-Muslim blog ''Daily Roll Call''.", "She has been named one of the twelve most \"hard-lined, anti-Muslim\" women in America by the Southern Poverty Law Center." ], [ "Career", "Hinners is a former twenty-year intelligence officer of the Albany, New York Police Department, with a career to a large degree spent providing police services within Albany's Middle Eastern community, where she says she \"developed an acute awareness of cultural and ethnic-community traits and characteristics.\"", "Based on this experience, she created training seminars for law enforcement after her retirement.", "She also worked as a sub-contract instructor for the United States Department of Homeland Security's Center for Domestic Preparedness, where she delivered mobile training to members of the New York Police Department, the National Guard, and other law enforcement agencies, with a segment of the class she instructed being on Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) and bomb recognition." ], [ "Activities and views", "Hinners later moved to Spring Hill, Tennessee, where she runs the blog ''Daily Roll Call'', which is devoted to \"exploring and exposing Islam in America,\" and functions as a group of retired law enforcement and military personnel who actively investigate and vet tips given by concerned citizens.She has aligned herself with other anti-Muslim groups such as Brigitte Gabriel's ACT for America and the Tennessee Freedom Coalition.", "At a Values Voter Summit, she has said that \"the Muslim Brotherhood has taken hold in Tennessee,\" and that \"in the time of Muhammad, mosques were centers for military activity.\"", "On the air, she has said that Muslims \"follow the Prophet Muhammad, they are violent, they do assault women and use women as slaves, and they do have pedophilia that runs in their bloodstream.\"", "She has also spoken at a Tennessee Eagle Forum conference, where she has said that Islamists and leftists are \"working toward the same goal of dismantling and destroying the U.S. state by state,\" and that interfaith dialogue is \"deliberately blurring distinctions between Islam and Christianity.\"", "Additionally, she has claimed that Common Core is a \"secretly Muslim-backed plot to indoctrinate American school children.", "\"Hinners has also been said to \"peddle white nationalist conspiracy theories.\"", "In response to the 2014 Ferguson unrest, she identified the Council on American–Islamic Relations (CAIR) as \"a 'Muslim terrorist organization' and alleged that CAIR was using civil unrest following the death of Michael Brown to 'revert those disgruntled blacks to Islam'.\"", "She has also criticized the University of Tennessee at Martin's Civil Rights Conference for being a way for \"young black activists being recruited by Communists, Socialists and Islamists.", "\"Hinners also travels throughout the country speaking on alleged terrorist organizations' infiltration, and regularly appears on Michael DelGiorno's radio show on Nashville's Super Talk 99.7 each Monday, as well as with Scott Adams Show on Red State Radio, and the Melody Burns show.", "Republican Tennessee House Majority Floor Leader Sheila Butt has posted in support of Hinners on Facebook.Her article \"The ISIS-Al Azhar-Murfreesboro Imam Connection\" for ''The Counter Jihad Report'' blog has been referenced in academic publications about the Egyptian Al-Azhar Al-Sharif Islamic religious institution, and she has been described as a part of the counter-jihad movement.In 2018, Trevecca Nazarene University blocked a \"homeland security\" event organized by Republican Tennessee gubernatorial candidate Mae Beavers that was scheduled to feature Hinners and two other speakers, John Guandolo and Bill Warner, amid strong criticism from advocacy groups that its speakers were anti-Muslim.", "Beavers responded that the university was \"caving to Islamic pressure.\"" ], [ "Bibliography", "" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "2023 FineMark Women's Pro Tennis Championship – Doubles" ], [ "Introduction", "Tímea Babos and Nao Hibino were the defending champions but chose not to participate.Makenna Jones and Jamie Loeb won the title, defeating Ashlyn Krueger and Robin Montgomery in the final, 5–7, 6–4, 10–2." ], [ "Seeds" ], [ "Draw" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Main Draw" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Lesley Wheeler-Dame" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Lesley Wheeler-Dame''' (born 1955) is a Canadian Anglican bishop.", "She was elected and consecrated in 2019 as bishop of the Diocese of Yukon in the Anglican Church of Canada." ], [ "Life", "Wheeler-Dame was born in Windsor, Ontario.", "Her mother was an Anglican priest in the Diocese of Huron.", "She raised three children as a single mother and is married to Eric; together they have six grandchildren and one living great-grandchild.", "In 1996, she moved to the Yukon Territory to work for the territorial government as a social worker specializing in family violence, suicide prevention and alcohol abuse.In 1997, Wheeler-Dame became lay minister-in-charge of a Yukon parish.", "She eventually pursued ordained ministry and became a deacon in 2003 and a priest in 2005.She was an incumbent priest and regional dean in the Diocese of Athabasca before becoming incumbent at Fort Nelson, British Columbia, in the Diocese of Yukon, where she also served as an archdeacon.In May 2019, she was elected bishop coadjutor to succeed Larry Robertson.", "She was consecrated in August 2020 and installed as bishop." ], [ "Notes" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Keelung Mass Rapid Transit" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Keelung MRT''' is a medium-volume rapid transit system planned in the Taipei metropolitan area of Taiwan.", "It mainly serves public transportation between Keelung City, Xizhi, New Taipei, and Nangang, Taipei, Formerly known as the \"Mountain Line\" in the \"Keelung Light Rail\" project promoted by the Keelung City Government, On February 22, 2022, the then President of the Executive Yuan Su Zhenchang announced that the first phase of the Keelung MRT Nangang Batu Section plan was finalized.", "The environmental impact assessment will be approved on April 12, 2023, and 13 stations will be built along the line.==History== In early 2006, the Keelung City Government commissioned Zhongxing Engineering Consulting Company to conduct a \"Feasibility Study on the Keelung Light Rail Transportation System\" and submitted a final report.", "The plan proposed four routes, with Keelung Station as the center of the road network: the East Line leading to Badouzi With the Maritime Science Museum, the terminal of the second east line is located at Pier 11 on the west coast of Keelung Port, the west line leads to Dawulun, and the second west line is initially built from Shipise to Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and then extended to Qidu.", "The right-of-way design is mainly based on shared right-of-way (people and vehicles traveling together).", "In order to deal with the tourist crowds brought about by the opening of the Marine Science Museum in Badouzi, the east line passing through the east coast of Keelung Port was the top priority for construction.", "When the plan was proposed, 13 counties and cities across the Republic of China were simultaneously striving for light rail transit.", "The Keelung Light Rail was considered by the central government to help relieve Keelung's traffic and improve the economic benefits of tourism and recreation, so it was given priority over other counties and cities.", "The original estimated construction schedule was to obtain subsidy funds from the Ministry of Transportation for detailed planning in 2006, and submit to the Executive Yuan for approval in 2007 before proceeding with contracting and basic design.", "The civil engineering project would start in 2011, and the mechanical and electrical engineering would be constructed four years later.", "It would be completed and opened to traffic in 2015." ], [ "Line", "The first phase route of the Keelung MRT has been finalized and may be connected with the Xidong MRT in the future.", "The line will run from Nangang to Badu Railway Station, The line have a total of 17 stations and 13 on Phase 1 and a it has a length of 19.1 km" ], [ "See also", "Rail transport in TaiwanTaipei MetroNew Taipei MetroKeelung City" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Ken St. Andre bibliography" ], [ "Introduction", "Ken St. Andre is an American fantasy game designer and author, best known for creating the fantasy role-playing game, ''Tunnels & Trolls'' (T&T), and the computer role-playing game, ''Wasteland''.A bibliography and ludography of St. Andre's works follows.", "Detailed information on the role-playing game items can be found at RPG Geek." ], [ "Role-playing games", "* ''Fours'' (2019)* ''Monsters!", "Monsters!", "'' 1st edition, (1976; 2nd printing, 1979) 2nd edition (2020) 2.7th edition (2023) 1976 Zero Edition (2023), an early draft of 1st edition* ''Starfaring'' 1st edition (1976) 2nd edition (2007)* ''Stormbringer'' 1st edition (1981) 2nd edition (1985) 3rd edition (1987) 4th edition (1990)* ''Thieves' World'' (1981), with multiple authors* ''Tunnels & Trolls'' 1st edition (1975) 2nd edition (1975) 3rd edition (1975) 4th edition (1977) 5th edition (1979) 5.5th edition (2005) 30th anniversary (7th) edition (2005) 7.5th edition (2008) ''Power Trip'', a super-heroes T&T variant (2008) ''Gamma Trollworld'', a post-nuclear war T&T variant (2009), with James L. Shipman 8th (French) edition (2012) Deluxe edition (2015)=== Adventure modules, solo adventures, and items ===* ''Bean RPG''** ''Death Phrogg Attack'' (2010)* ''Monsters!", "Monsters!", "'' ''Battle School: Deadly Combat'' (2020) ''The Wizard's Test: Deadly Combat (M!M!", "version)'' (2020) ''Vvvarrr's Qiip: Deadly Combat (M!M!", "version)'' (2020) ''The Toughest Dungeon in the World'' (2020) ''Rescue Mission: Deadly Combat (M!M!", "version)'' (2020) ''Khara Khang's Random Rainbow Maze: Deadly Combat (M!M!", "version)'' (2020) ''Oh My, Khost!''", "(2021) ''Monster Maze of Zorr: Deadly Combat (M!M!", "version)'' (2021) ''Mission for a Cat Goddess'' (2022) ''Monsters!", "Monsters!", "GM Screen'' (2022) ''Ken St. Andre's Monsterary of Zimrala'' (2022) ''Zimrala Big Map'' (2022) ''Trollgod's Gift'' (2022) ''Gauntlet of Doom'' (2022)** ''Trollgod's Crystal Caves Challenge'' (2023)* ''Shadowrun''** ''Harlequin'' (1990) with multiple authors* ''Stormbringer''** ''Stormbringer Companion'' (1983)* ''Tunnels & Trolls'' ''Tunnels & Trolls Supplement'' (1976) ''Computer Generated Dungeon'' (1977) Solo 2: ''Deathtrap Equalizer Dungeon'' (1977) Solo 4: ''Naked Doom'' (1977) Solo 12: ''Arena of Khazan'' (1979) Pocket Adventure 1: ''Goblin Lake'' (1979) ''The Toughest Dungeon in the World'' (1980) ''Agent of Death'' (1982) ''Hela's House of Dark Delights'', originally printed in ''Different Worlds'' Issue 22 (1982) ''The Infinite Adventure'' (1985) '' Sword for Hire and Blue Frog Tavern'' (1986) ''The Amulet of the Salkti and Arena of Khazan'' (1986) ''Naked Doom and Deathtrap Equalizer'' (1986) ''Take the Money'' (2008) ''Trollgod's Exciting Random Rooms of Ruination'' (2008) ''Strange Destinies'' (2008) ''Hunting Party'' (2008) ''Hot Pursuit'' (2008) ''Khara Khang's Random Rainbow Maze'' (2010) ''The Wizard's Test'' (2011) ''A Traveler's Tale'' (2011) ''Tavern by the Sea'' (2011) ''A Sworded Adventure'' (2011) ''Rescue Mission'' (2011) ''Dwarf World'' (2011) ''DewDrop Inn'' (2011) ''Deep Delving'' (2011) ''Battle School'' (2012) ''À la poursuite du serpent d'argent'' (2012) ''Le Nain Ivre'' (2012) ''Le lac aux gobelins'' (2012) ''Le Dépouillement Dernier'' (2012) ''Seven Challenges of Kartejan'' (2012) ''4 Jars of Mead'' (2013) ''Trollhammer'' (2013) ''Saving Fang from the Pits of Morgul'' (2013) Solo 9: ''City of Terrors'' (Deluxe T&T 3rd Edition, 2013), with Michael Stackpole ''Rock & Rule: The Spellbook of Gristlegrim's Dwarves'' (2014) ''Missing Inaction'' (2014) ''Adventurers Compendium'' (2014) ''Les cavernes de Lan-Faer'' (2014) ''Spellbook of the Leprechauns'' (2015) ''Spellbook of the Gremlins'' (2015) ''The Spell Book of Shancinar (Ancient Elven Magic)'' (2015) ''Deluxe Tunnels & Trolls Gamemaster Screen'' (2015) ''Spellbook of the Uruks'' (2016) ''Quest for the Crown'' (2016) ''The Last Adventure of Big Jack Brass'' (2016) Solo 28: ''Grimtina's Guard'' (2016) ''Goblin Lake (Deluxe)'' (2016) ''Agent of Death (Deluxe)'' (2016) ''Capture the Troll'' (2016) ''The Fairy Spell Book'' (2016) ''The Trollgod's Terrible Twenty'' (2017) Solo 4: ''Naked Doom (Deluxe)'' (2017) ''Mongoni Island'' (2017) Solo 12: ''Arena of Khazan (Deluxe)'' (2017) ''The Vaults of K'horror'' (2018), with Andy Holmes ''The Peacock Continent of Trollworld'' (2018) ''Monster Maze of Zorr'' (2018) ''Trollstone Caverns: Lair of the Silver Serpent'' (2019) ''Dragons Attack X'venn'' (2019) ''The Wizard's Test: Deadly Combat (T&T version)'' (2020) ''Vvvarrr's Qiip: Deadly Combat (T&T version)'' (2020) ''Murder at the Ruptured Troll'' (2020) ''The Non-Human Spell Book'' (2020) ''Khara Khang's Random Rainbow Maze: Deadly Combat (T&T version)'' (2020) ''Grimtooth's Tomb of the Warhammer'' (2020)** ''Goblin Crag: Level One'' (2020), with Andy Holmes* ''WHAP (Wildly Heroic Action Pulp)'' RPG ''Howls in the Wild'' (2010) ''Cowboys vs. Dinosaurs'' (2010)" ], [ "Other role-playing game related subjects", "* ''The 1st Annual World Who's Who in Tunnels and Trolls'' (1978)* ''The 2nd Annual World Who's Who in Tunnels and Trolls'' (1979)* ''Ten Days in the Arena of Khazan'', originally printed in Different Worlds Issue 7 (1980)* ''The History of Trollworld, a Tunnels & Trolls Fragmentary Chronology'' (2008)* ''A Fragmentary History of Trollworld'' (2010)" ], [ "Novels and Short Stories", "* \"Murder at the Ruptured Troll\" (1982), originally printed in ''Pegasus (game magazine)'', issue 8, reprinted under Trollgodfather Press imprint (2020)* \"Old Soldiers Never\" (1989), in ''Shrapnel: Fragments from the Inner Sphere'', a Battletech anthology.", "()* \"Turtle in the Tower\" (1990), in ''Shadowrun: Into the Shadows'' edited by Jordan K. Weisman.", "An anthology of stories based on the ''Shadowrun'' role-playing game.", "().", "* \"The Two Worst Thieves in Khazan\" (1992) in ''Mage's Blood and Old Bones: A Tunnels & Trolls Anthology'' ()* \"The Triple Death\" (1995), in ''Enchanted Forests'' edited by Katharine Kerr and Martin H. Greenberg.", "An anthology of stories about magical woods.", "().", "* \"A Day in the Life of a Thief\" (2005) in ''Golden Heroes'', an anthology published by Pisces All Media.", "* ''Dragon Child: Just a Thief from Khazan'' (2006), by Ken St. Andre and James L. Shipman.", "A fantasy novel based on the ''Tunnels & Trolls'' role-playing game.", "Expanded and republished in 2017 as \"Thief of Khazan\".", "* ''Griffin Feathers'' (2008), by Ken St. Andre.", "A collection of linked short stories based on the ''Tunnels & Trolls'' role-playing game.", "()* \"Introduction: Trollgod's Treasure Hunt\" and \"The Awakening\" with James L. Shipman (2008) in ''Troll Tunnels'', edited by Christina Lea.", "A collection of short sword and sorcery tales.", "()* \"The Mermaid's Curse,\" \"Boozer's Tale\", \"Troll Hunt\", \"Flight from Tharathor\", \"The Last Adventure of Big Jack Brass\", \"Rogues in the Castle\", and \"Monsters!", "Monsters!", "Gristlegrim's Adventure\", in ''Trolls Blood and Old Delvers'' (2008)* \"Champion of Stormgaard\" (2010), an excerpt from the novel ''Rose of Stormgaard''* \"Pirate Days Along the Yann\" (2020)* \"Mandrikor: A Trollworld Tale\" (2020)* \"Woden's Ring: A Heroic Fantasy Tale\" (2020)* \"Fairy Tale\" (2021)* \"The Trollgod's Tale\" (2021)* \"Tomb Raiders from Trollhalla\" (2021).", "Adapted from a game of T&T run by Ken St. Andre with players from his Trollhalla fan group.", "* \"Final Exam\" (2021).", "A short novel based on a play-through of the solo adventure of the same name.", "* Tales of Trollhalla #1: \"The Serpent Queen\" (2021)* ''Rose of Stormgaard: A Trollworld Novel'' (2012), by Ken St. Andre, cover art by Steve Crompton.", "().", "* \"Slithery Jungle Tales\", issue 1 (2022)* \"Temple Rescue\" (2022).", "A narrative of a play through of ''Temple of Issoth'' T&T solo adventure by Dan Hembree.", "Illustrated by William W.", "Connors.", "* \"Slithery Jungle Tales\", issue 2 (2023)" ], [ "Flash Fiction", "* \"Moral Invaders\" (2005) in ''Flash Fantastic'', No.", "16.A very short story in issue 16 of the online magazine.", "* Ken St. Andre's \"A Troll's Flash Fiction\" story collection contains flash fiction written by him but also collected from other authors.", "Stories published between 2011 and 2015." ], [ "Comic Books", "* \"Goblin Dreams\", a ''Monsters!", "Monsters!''", "comic (1995)* \"Monsters!", "Monsters!", "\", issue 1: \"Return to Goblin Lake\" (Trollgodfather Press Comic Group, 2022).", "A republication of the \"Goblin Dreams\" comic (1995), illustrated by Gilead Artist." ], [ "Computer games", "* ''Wasteland'' (1988)* ''Adventure Construction Set'' adventure \"Galactic Agent\" (Amiga version, 1986)* ''Wasteland 2'' (2014)" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* A Troll's Flash Fiction" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Egyptian Building (California)" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Egyptian Building''' is a building in The Commons at Chino Hills, a small shopping mall in Chino Hills, California imitating the style of the temples of Abu Simbel in Egypt.", "It can be seen while driving on SR 71 and attracts tourists and locals alike." ], [ "History", "The building was constructed to hold the Egyptian restaurant Farou Food in 2019.It had planned to open in 2020, but the COVID-19 pandemic postponed the opening date to 2024." ], [ "Description", "The building was built to resemble the temples of Abu Simbel in Egypt on a smaller scale.", "It depicts Ramesses II, Nefertiti, and Hathor.", "The second statue from the left on the building's front is missing as a reference to the missing statue on the original temple, which had disappeared shortly after it was originally built.", "The building's interior is nonexistent as the COVID-19 pandemic hit before it was able to be finished.", "All four of the building's exterior sides, however, are completely detailed.", "The ceiling is glass and allows occupants to look at the sky.", "The materials for the building were only handmade in Egpyt, so they had to be shipped over." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Kiowa Peak (Texas)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Kiowa Peak''' is a conspicuous butte located about to the west of the Brazos River in Stonewall County, Texas, US.", "Kiowa Peak extends less than above the surrounding landscape, yet despite its small size, it served as an important landmark for Native Americans and early explorers of the region" ], [ "Details", "Kiowa Peak is an erosional remnant located in heavily dissected terrain at the western edge of the Brazos River valley.", "The soils of the area are shallow clay and sandy loams that support mesquite, yucca, cacti, and sparse grasses.", "Most of the soils in this region formed in unconsolidated, red, slightly calcareous sediments of Permian age.", "The local terrain is sparsely populated rangeland, cut by highly intermittent streams such as the Salt Fork Brazos River, North Croton Creek, Wedington Creek and other minor tributaries of the Brazos River.", "The erosionally resistant sandstones of the peak's cap have protected underlying sediments that have remained intact, while surrounding sediments have eroded away.", "As a result of this process, Kiowa Peak stands out as a small but relatively prominent landmark that can be seen from a significant distance." ], [ "See also", "Double MountainsMount BlancoMushaway PeakDuffy's Peak" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "***" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Tamia, Madhya Pradesh" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Tamia''' is a small town located in Chhindwara District of madhya Pradesh which is also a tehsil headquarter and a Development Block." ], [ "Geography", "The latitude of Tamia, Madhya Pradesh, India is '''22.346266''', and the longitude is '''78.666916'''.Tamia is located in satpura range.", "It is 55 km away from Chhindwara.", "480559 is its pin code." ], [ "Transportation", "Tamia is well connected with roads.", "Road's connecting it from Parasia, Pachmadhi and Chhindwara.", "Daily Bus service available from here." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "2023 FineMark Women's Pro Tennis Championship – Singles" ], [ "Introduction", "Gabriela Lee was the defending champion but lost in the first round to Marcela Zacarías.Kayla Day won the title, defeating Ann Li in the final, 6–2, 6–2." ], [ "Seeds" ], [ "Draw", "===Finals======Top half======Bottom half===" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Main Draw" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Milivoje Ribać" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Milivoje Ribać''' (; born 4 March 1952) is a Kosovo Serb politician and community leader.", "He has served in the National Assembly of Serbia and represented displaced Serbs from Kosovo in seeking to return to their home communities." ], [ "Early life and career", "Ribać was born in the village of Drsnik in Klina, in what was then the Autonomous Region of Kosovo and Metohija in the People's Republic of Serbia, Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia.", "His family had resided in the area for more than six centuries.", "He attended elementary school in Klina, graduated from mechanical-technical secondary school in Uroševac, and studied mechanical engineering in Priština.", "Due to a poor financial situation and political uncertainty in the province, he was not able to complete the program.", "He later taught mathematics at Klina's secondary school and was a technologist in the Zastava Arms plant in Klina.", "From 1989 to 1993, he was president of Klina's municipal trade union council.In the 1980s, he was an organizer and coordinator for the Serbian Resistance Movement in Metohija.", "Following the 1998–99 Kosovo War and the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia, Ribać was forced to leave Kosovo for Central Serbia." ], [ "Politician", "Ribać began his political career as a member of the Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS) and was elected to the national assembly without opposition in the 1990 parliamentary election for the constituency of Srbica and Klina.", "The Socialists won a majority victory, and he served as a government supporter.", "He was not a candidate in the 1992 parliamentary election, in which the country switched to a system of proportional representation.Serbia's political culture in the 1990s was dominated by the authoritarian rule of SPS leader Slobodan Milošević.", "Ribać was one of a small number of politicians who left the SPS during the Milošević years and joined the opposition.", "He became a member of the Democratic Party (DS), organized its municipal organization in Klina in 1997, and served on the party's executive board.The Democratic Party contested the 2000 Yugoslavian general election as part of the Democratic Opposition of Serbia (DOS), a broad and ideologically diverse coalition of parties opposed to Milošević's administration.", "DOS candidate Vojislav Koštunica defeated Milošević in the presidential election, a watershed moment in Serbian and Yugoslavian politics.", "Ribać was a DOS candidate for Yugoslavia's Chamber of Citizens, appearing in the seventh position on the coalition's electoral list for the Prokuplje division, which included polling stations for displaced Serbs from several Kosovo municipalities.", "The DOS won four out of ten seats in the division, and he was not given a mandate.", "(For the 2000 Yugoslavian elections, half of the assembly mandates were awarded to candidates on successful lists in numerical order while the other half were assigned at the discretion of the sponsoring parties or coalitions.", "Ribać could have been given a mandate despite his list position, but this did not occur.", ")Serbia's government fell after Milošević's defeat, and a new Serbian parliamentary election was held in December 2000.Prior to the vote, Serbia's electoral laws were reformed such that the entire country became a single electoral division and all mandates were awarded to candidates on successful lists at the discretion of the sponsoring parties, irrespective of numerical order.", "Rabić was given the 190th position on the DOS list and was not initially included in the coalition's assembly delegation when the list won a landslide majority victory with 176 out of 250 seats.", "In October 2001, Ribać was elected to the DS's presidency.Ribać was awarded a mandate under somewhat dubious circumstances on 12 June 2002.The DOS leadership invalidated the mandates of several delegates from the Democratic Party of Serbia (DSS), which had previously been one of the leading parties in the coalition but was by this time in the process of withdrawing from it.", "Ribać was one of the DOS candidates chosen for a replacement mandate.", "The DOS's actions were later invalidated on a legal technicality, and the DSS mandates were restored; Ribać was unable to take his seat.The DOS dissolved entirely in 2003, and the DS contested the 2003 parliamentary election on its own.", "Ribać received the 162nd position on the party's list and was not given a new mandate when it won thirty-seven seats." ], [ "Community leader", "After the end of the Kosovo War and the flight of many Kosovo Serbs into Central Serbia, Ribać became an advocate for the safe return of displaced persons to the province.", "In March 2002, he complained that a representative from the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) had told him there was no money from the international community for the return of displaced Serbs.", "In 2003, he said that both the international community and Kosovo's Albanian leadership were blocking Serb returns.After Kosovo's unilateral declaration of independence in 2008, the Serbian government controversially oversaw its own local elections across Kosovo, creating what were in effect parallel administrations.", "In June 2010, the Serbian government dissolved the local assemblies for seven municipalities, including Klina, on the grounds that they had become dysfunctional and inefficient.", "The government then appointed coordinators to oversee these municipalities; Ribać was appointed as the coordinator for Klina and served in this role until 2013.:Former Democratic party leader Boris Tadić left the DS to establish the New Democratic Party (NDS) in 2014.Ribać became a member of the new party." ], [ "Electoral record", "===National Assembly of Serbia===" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "2012 Tennessee Republican presidential primary" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''2012 Tennessee Republican presidential primary''' took place on Super Tuesday, March 6, 2012, with 58 national delegates.", "Former Senator from Pennsylvania, Rick Santorum won the primary with a plurality, carrying 37.11% of the vote and all but four counties, awarding him 29 delegates.Former Massachusetts Governor and eventual nominee, Mitt Romney, came second with 28.06% of the vote and 19 delegates, carrying only three counties: Davidson, Loudon, and Williamson.", "Former Speaker of the House of Representatives, Newt Gingrich of neighboring Georgia, came third with 23.96% of the vote and 9 delegates, carrying only the county of Marion.", "Representative from Texas Ron Paul received 9.04% of the vote, and all other candidates received under 1% of the vote." ], [ "Procedure", "Tennessee was given 58 delegates for the 2012 Republican National Convention.", "Three superdelegates were unbound.", "27 delegates are awarded by congressional district, 3 delegates for each district.", "If a candidate wins two-thirds of the vote in a district, he takes all 3 delegates there; if not, delegates are split 2-to-1 between the top two candidates.", "Another 28 delegates are awarded to the candidate who wins two-thirds of the vote statewide, or allocated proportionately among candidates winning at least 20% of the vote if no one gets two-thirds." ], [ "Results", "+ Tennessee Republican primary, 2012 Candidate Votes Percentage Projected delegate count NYT CNN FOX 14px '''Rick Santorum''' 205,809 37.11% 29 27 26 Mitt Romney 155,630 28.06% 14 15 12 Newt Gingrich 132,889 23.96% 9 8 9 Ron Paul 50,156 9.04% 0 0 0 Rick Perry (withdrawn) 1,966 0.35% 0 0 0 Michele Bachmann (withdrawn) 1,895 0.34% 0 0 0 Jon Huntsman (withdrawn) 1,239 0.22% 0 0 0 Buddy Roemer (withdrawn) 881 0.16% 0 0 0 Gary Johnson (withdrawn) 572 0.10% 0 0 0 Uncommitted 3,536 0.64% 0 0 0 '''Unprojected delegates:''' '''6''' '''8''' '''9''' '''Total:''' '''554,573''' '''100.00%''' '''58''' '''58''' '''58'''" ], [ "See also", "* 2012 Republican Party presidential primaries* 2012 Tennessee Democratic presidential primary* 2012 United States presidential election in Tennessee* 2012 Tennessee elections" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Alphadyne Asset Management" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Alphadyne Asset Management''' (Alphadyne) is an American hedge fund management firm headquartered in New York City.", "The firm's focuses on global macro and fixed-income relative-value investing strategies.Outside the U.S., Alphadyne has offices in London, Tokyo, Hong Kong and Singapore." ], [ "Background", "Alphadyne was co-founded in 2005 by Philippe Khuong-Huu and Bart Broadman.", "Khuong-Huu was previously the head of global interest rate products group at Goldman Sachs while Broadman was vice chairman of Asia–Pacific at JPMorgan Chase.", "They were joined by four partners from their former firms.In October 2009, ''Risk'' magazine named Alphadyne hedge fund manager of the year for its ability to manage risk and returns during a difficult time caused by the aftereffects of the 2007–2008 financial crisis.In 2017, Alphadyne spun-off its Asian team into a new firm Astignes Capital that would be based in Singapore and focus on economic trends in Asia.", "Co-founder Broadman would move to the new firm to become its CIO.In August 2021, it was reported that the firm's flagship fund, Alphadyne International Master Fund lost about 10% that year due to short squeeze in the global bond market and its bad bets on rising interest rates.", "This came as a surprise as the fund never had an annual loss since its inception in 2006.Its losses extended to 22% in November that year.In 2022, the Alphadyne Global Rates fund returned 17% for the year.", "The firm had increased its Asian presence with one-third of its investment team being based in Asia as part of its investment strategy.In November 2023, ransomware group Lockbit claimed responsibility for hacking Alphadyne stating it had to make an unspecified payment by the deadline or it will publish the stolen data online.During the COVID-19 pandemic, the firm has created the Alphadyne Foundation that award grants to arts groups." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Samuel W. Doss Jr." ], [ "Introduction", "'''Samuel W. Doss Jr.''' (December 3, 1927 – September 15, 2017) was an American politician who served as a Democratic member for the 52nd district of the Georgia State Senate." ], [ "Life and career", "Doss was born in Thomas County, Georgia.", "He attended Vallejo Junior College, West Georgia College and Emory University.Doss served in the Georgia State Senate from 1969 to 1978, representing the 52nd district.Doss died on September 15, 2017, at the age of 89." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Emmanuel Lumu" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Emmanuel Bijjugo Sajjalyabene Lumu''' (February 1916 – 11 December 2019) was a Ugandan physician and politician." ], [ "Early life", "Emmanuel Bijjugo Sajjalyabene Lumu was born in February 1916 in Komamboga, Uganda.", "He was the sixth of ten children of Mikaili Sajjalyabene and Hannah Nalwoga.", "After receiving his primary education, Lumu enrolled at King's College, Budo in 1933.In 1938, he enrolled at Makerere University.", "Though he sought to study engineering, Lumu was placed in the medical school.", "He secretly attended engineering classes before being caught by administrators.", "Graduating in 1945 with a degree in medicine, he served two years as an intern before being employed at Arua Hospital as an assistant medical officer.", "He subsequently worked at the hospital in Gulu and then Mulago Hospital in Kampala." ], [ "Political career", "Lumu served as a delegate at the 1961 Ugandan Constitutional Conference.", "He was elected to the Parliament of Uganda in 1962 from a seat representing Kyadondo.", "Shortly before Uganda's independence, the National Assembly elected Lumu to lead the country's health ministry.", "Lumu suspected his friendship with the Kabaka of Buganda, Mutesa II, contributed to his election.With Uganda's independence, Lumu became minister of health in Prime Minister Milton Obote's cabinet.", "He focused on developing a national strategy for expanding health services throughout the country.", "Relying heavily on technical staff, he promoted a plan to create a network of regional referral hospitals in a 10-year period.On 25 January 1971, Idi Amin launched a military coup, ousting Obote and seizing power.", "He released Lumu along with 54 other political prisoners three days later." ], [ "Later life", "Following his release from prison, Lumu opened a clinic in Mengo Kisenyi, which he operated until 1996.For a time he also ran a garage which restored and repaired old automobiles.", "Accusations that he unethically acquired property in Kampala and Mukono districts led him to be called to testify before the Land Commission in 2018 in his last public appearance.", "While his family was planning to celebrate his upcoming 104th birthday, Lumu fell ill with a cough and developed pneumonia, dying on 11 December 2019 at his home in Bakuli, Rubaga Division, Kampala." ], [ "References" ], [ "Works cited", "*" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Yang Kening" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Yang Kening''' (; born January 1962) is a former Chinese politician of Tibetan ethnicity who spent his entire career in southwest China's Sichuan province.", "He was investigated by China's top anti-graft agency in November 2023.Previously he served as vice chairman of the Sichuan Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.He was a delegate to the 13th National People's Congress." ], [ "Early life and education", "Yang was born in Xiaojin County, Sichuan, in January 1962." ], [ "Career", "After graduating from Aba Finance and Trade School in 1982, he became accountant of the People's Canteen of Jinchuan County Commercial Bureau.Yang joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in May 1987, and got involved in politics in April 1988, when he was appointed secretary of the Office of the People's Government of Jinchuan County.", "He was eventually promoted to director of the Office of CCP Jinchuan County Committee in January 1993.Starting in April 1995, he served in several posts in the CCP Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefectural Committee, including deputy director of the Party Building Office, deputy director of the Organization Department, and deputy secretary-general.He was party secretary of Zamthang County in October 2002, in addition to serving as chairman of the People's Congress.", "It would be his first job as \"first-in-charge\" of a county.He was executive deputy head of the Organization Department of the CCP Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefectural Committee in December 2004 and subsequently head of the United Front Work Department of the CCP Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefectural Committee in December 2006.In January 2007 he was admitted to member of the CCP Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefectural Committee, the prefecture's top authority and soon was appointed secretary of the Political and Legal Affairs Commission of the CCP Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefectural Committee.", "In December 2011 he was promoted to become chairman of the Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefectural Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, a position he held until February 2015, when he was chosen as deputy party secretary and governor of the prefecture.In February 2021, he took the position of vice chairman of the Sichuan Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the provincial advisory body." ], [ "Downfall", "On 16 November 2023, he was suspected of \"serious violations of laws and regulations\" by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI), the party's internal disciplinary body, and the National Supervisory Commission, the highest anti-corruption agency of China." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Ta Kung Pao (1902-1949)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Ta Kung Pao''''' (; ) is the longest-running Chinese newspaper in China and was one of the most influential newspapers of the Republic of China on the mainland.Established in 1902 by Ying Lianzhi, a Manchu aristocrat, within the French Concession of Tianjin, ''Ta Kung Pao'' initially championed the cause of a constitutional monarchy in China.", "However, following the 1911 Xinhai Revolution, Ying withdrew from active involvement in the newspaper's operations.", "In 1916, with backing from the Anfu Club, shareholder Wang Zhilong took over full ownership, transforming ''Ta Kung Pao'' into the club's mouthpiece.", "Wang appointed Hu Zhengzhi as both chief editor and manager, leading to significant reforms in both the newspaper's design and its editorial approach.", "The decline of the Anfu Club by 1920 prompted Wang to divest his stake, and Hu's subsequent resignation saw a drastic reduction in circulation, culminating in the newspaper's shutdown on November 27, 1925.In 1926, Wu Dingchang, Zhang Jiluan, and Hu Zhengzhi formed the Xinji Company and took over ''Ta Kung Pao''.", "Known for its principles of four no's, namely non-partisan, not for sale, no self-interest, and not blind, Ta Kung Pao became famous for its sharp political commentary and current affairs reporting.", "From its inception in 1902 until the ''Ta Kung Pao Revival Declaration'' published in Shanghai in 1949, it was referred to as the \"old ''Ta Kung Pao''\".", "After 1949, it gradually came under the control of the Chinese Communist Party, with the Chongqing edition becoming the Chongqing Daily, and the Tianjin and Shanghai editions merging and relocating to Beijing, ceasing publication in 1966, leaving only the Hong Kong edition still in existence today.Ta Kung Pao was the only Chinese newspaper to send reporters to the Paris Peace Conference after World War I and the only one to station reporters in Europe during World War II.", "It sent journalists to witness historical events such as the Potsdam Conference and the Japanese surrender ceremony aboard the USS Missouri.", "Additionally, it was the first Chinese newspaper to be listed on the stock market.", "Along with Yishi Bao, Shen Bao, and Minguo Daily, Ta Kung Pao was one of the \"Four Major Newspapers of the Republic of China\"." ], [ "Early history", "=== Establishment ===In April 1901, Ying Lianzhi arrived in Tianjin, then under the control of the Eight-Nation Alliance, to visit Chai Tiancong, the overseer of the Catholic Church in the Zizhulin area.", "During his visit, Chai proposed the idea of starting a newspaper, mentioning that he had already secured funding of over ten thousand yuan and invited Ying to take charge, assuring him that he need not worry about profit and loss.", "Consequently, Ying consulted He Wosheng and Hu Yinan, drafted the newspaper's charter, and began activities to raise further capital and attract shareholders.", "By August, the Tianjin Donghua Translation Office was willing to collaborate, and the French Church and its embassy expressed their interest in participating in the newspaper project and agreed to its establishment in Tianjin.Following the Eight-Nation Alliance's occupation of Beijing and Tianjin, the French consulate sought to develop a media tool to counterbalance the influence of other foreign powers, competing with ''Zhi Bao,'' founded by Constantin von Hanneken, the ''Peking and Tientsin Times'' supported by the Tianjin British Concession's Works Department, and the ''Tianjin Daily News'' backed by the Japanese Consulate in Tianjin.", "The occupation led to anti-foreign and anti-Christian movements in regions like Guangzong and Julu in Zhili province, and the Tianjin Catholic Church urgently needed a publication to help ease the tensions between the locals and the church.In October 1901, Ying traveled to Shanghai with Frédéric-Vincent Lebbe of the Missionary Society to purchase printing equipment and started looking for a chief editor in Hong Kong and Shanghai.", "He met with Ma Xiangbo in Shanghai, who suggested Zhang Jusheng could recommend a chief editor, though this did not materialize.", "Wang Rongqing volunteered to join the newspaper but opposed the idea of French capital investment in the newspaper.", "Thus, settling for the next best option, Fang Shouliu was hired as the chief editor, and Mu Yuanfu as the translator.=== Ta Kung Pao under Ying Lianzhi ===The first issue of Ta Kung Pao, 17 June 1902On 17 June 1902, Ta Kung Pao was first published in the French Concession of Tianjin.", "The initial chief editor, Fang Shouliu, was relatively inexperienced, and Ying Lianzhi himself effectively served as the chief editor, with most unsigned articles written by him.", "The newspaper's staff were not allowed to receive payment for work outside the newspaper or to propagate for any political party.", "The supplement was written in the local languages of Beijing and Tianjin, rather than classic Chinese.", "Initially, the daily circulation was 3,800 copies.", "Besides Chai Tiancong, the shareholders included grain and timber merchant Wang Zhilong, German merchant Ronghua Yanghang's Zhang Lianbi, reformist Yan Fu, Beijing Bishop Fan Guoliang, and Bao Wo from the French consulate in China, with most other shareholders being Catholics.Ta Kung Pao frequently exposed the Tianjin authorities' maladministration, leading to dissatisfaction from the Tianjin authorities but was protected by the French consul.", "On November 17, 1902, Ta Kung Pao published a letter criticizing the Tianjin Health Bureau for incompetence after the Allied Command was disbanded, leading to negotiations between the Tianjin authorities and the French consul, who were informed by Li Jingyu, the senior translator of the French Consulate.", "In early 1903, due to the newspaper's content, the Tianjin authorities negotiated with the French consulate, requesting a warning to Ta Kung Pao.", "Ying sought help from the Frenchman Mergan, and the situation was eventually defused through the intervention of the French consul.", "By the end of the same year, Ying was again informed that the government intended to trouble Ta Kung Pao, advising extra caution.However, because Ta Kung Pao did not show an overtly pro-French stance, the French consulate attempted to control the newspaper by proposing a French person as the public face, which Ying rejected.", "In April 1903, Russia's refusal to withdraw troops from the Eastern Three Provinces sparked the anti-Russian movement.", "Ta Kung Pao published several editorials condemning Russian aggression and calling for national resistance, leading to a reprimand from the Russian governor but continued anti-Russian publications, displeasing the French consul.", "In May and July–August 1903, Ta Kung Pao extensively reprinted anti-Russian editorials from Japanese newspapers, attracting the attention of Japanese consulate staff.", "Consequently, in July 1903, Ying exchanged gifts and dined with the Japanese Consul Takao Koyou.", "After the Shen Jin case, Ying personally visited the Japanese consulate to inquire about the details and had fewer exchanges with the French.During the Russo-Japanese War, Ta Kung Pao actively reported on the war by frequently reprinting articles from Japanese media like Asahi Shimbun and North China Herald, dedicating sections like \"Current Affairs News\" to \"Japanese Official Telegraphs\".", "The newspaper also published editorials analyzing the impact of the Russo-Japanese War on China, emphasizing the need for China to catch up and reform to preserve the nation.", "The \"Prospering Asia\" theory within Japan and signals of a \"Sino-Japanese Alliance to Protect East Asia\" released by the Japanese consulate led Ta Kung Pao, under Ying's leadership, to advocate for a Sino-Japanese alliance as a strategy for national preservation.", "Ying's pro-Japanese stance eventually made it intolerable for the French consulate, forcing Ta Kung Pao to move from the French Concession to the Japanese Concession.", "After moving to the Japanese Concession in 1906, Ying's interactions with the Japanese consulate decreased, and the newspaper no longer showed a clear pro-Japanese bias.", "However, during this period, Ta Kung Pao had developed into a major commercial newspaper in the north.After the Xinhai Revolution, Ying's advocacy for constitutional monarchy failed.", "In 1912, when Yuan Shikai became the president of the Republic of China, Ying, unwilling to cooperate with Yuan, left Ta Kung Pao and retired to Jingyi Garden in Fragrant Hills, Beijing.", "In 1917, a flood in North China affected over six million people, and Ying staged a fundraising event at Ta Kung Pao's sponsored carnival but ceased further contact with Ta Kung Pao.=== Ta Kung Pao under Wang Zhilong ===In September 1916, with the support of the Anfu Club, original shareholder Wang Zhilong acquired all shares of Ta Kung Pao, turning it into the organ of the Anfu Club.", "In October 1916, Wang hired Hu Zhengzhi as the chief editor and manager.", "To eliminate fabricated news, Hu immediately fired five out of six reporters at the newspaper, retaining only the one whose father was an official at the Presidential Palace.", "Later, in Beijing, he hired Lin Baishui, Liang Hongzhi, Wang E'sun, and others as contributing reporters, who sent their articles via telephone and mail.In November 1916, Hu reformed the print layout from booklet style to column style, adjusted font sizes, and arranged for different font sizes and spacings to create an aesthetically pleasing layout.", "He personally visited the typesetting room every night to oversee the layout.", "Simultaneously, he began publishing economic information such as \"Today's Silver Yuan Market\" and \"Stock Markets Around the Country\".", "In January 1917, he reformed the newspaper's content, assigning special commissioners to attend Beijing's political meetings and arranging informants in major provinces to report significant news at any time.", "While other newspapers focused on military, political, and sensational social news, Ta Kung Pao added a \"Special Records\" section to collect opinions from celebrities and created columns for education and industry.In May 1919, Ta Kung Pao extensively reported on the May Fourth Movement in Beijing and Qingdao.", "As the only Chinese reporter at the Paris Peace Conference, Hu Zhengzhi, along with Xie Dongfa, released press statements in French to major news agencies on behalf of the Chinese press, explaining China's reasons for refusing to sign the treaty.After the Zhili-Anhui War in 1920, the Anfu Club was defeated, and Wang Zhilong fled to Japan.", "On August 12, he announced his withdrawal from Ta Kung Pao's shares.", "The same day, Hu Zhengzhi announced his resignation as chief editor and manager of Ta Kung Pao.", "The next day, Ta Kung Pao ceased publication, and its reputation plummeted.", "Wang Zhilong died on September 27, 1923, due to the Great Kanto Earthquake.", "On November 27, 1925, Ta Kung Pao ceased publication after issue number 8315." ], [ "Re-establishment and later history", "=== Re-establishment ===Wu Dingchang, Zhang Jiluan, and Hu Zhengzhi were old friends from their student days abroad.", "In 1924, Wu Dingchang proposed to Zhang Jiluan and Hu Zhengzhi the idea of jointly running a news organization, which would include a daily newspaper, a weekly magazine, and a news agency.", "However, due to the closure of the \"Zhonghua Xin Bao\" where Zhang Jiluan was working, and the difficulties encountered by the Guowen News Agency and \"Guowen Weekly\" under Hu Zhengzhi's leadership, this plan was not immediately implemented.", "During this period, Wu Dingchang supported \"Guowen Weekly\" financially and published economic commentaries in the magazine.", "In 1926, following the loss of his position due to the Central Plains War and finding himself in seclusion in Tianjin, Zhang Jiluan, along with the decline of the Zhili and Anhui cliques, Wu Dingchang thought of gaining political support through running a newspaper, an idea that received backing from the Northern Four Banks.In 1926, Wu Dingchang, Zhang Jiluan, and Hu Zhengzhi formed the Xinji Company to take over Ta Kung Pao.", "There are two versions regarding the reasons behind their decision to relaunch Ta Kung Pao.", "One version is that Zhang Jiluan and Hu Zhengzhi, often passing by the desolate scene of the Ta Kung Pao office in Tianjin, were moved to restart the newspaper and sought Wu Dingchang to co-finance the venture.", "Another version is that during a visit to Wu Dingchang, the three stumbled upon the Ta Kung Pao office on the street and, after discussion, decided to jointly finance the revival of Ta Kung Pao.", "Ultimately, they unanimously decided to purchase the assets and brand of Ta Kung Pao.", "The initial funding of fifty thousand yuan for the Ta Kung Pao was arranged by Wu Dingchang through the Four Banks Savings Association from an \"Economic Research Fund\", making both Wu Dingchang and the Northern Four Banks listed as shareholders.", "Although the Northern Four Banks and their key figures supported Wu Dingchang in raising the start-up capital for the Ta Kung Pao, they only served as nominal shareholders and did not partake in the actual management of the newspaper.=== Revival ===On September 1, 1926, Ta Kung Pao continued its publication with issue number 8316.Initially, daily sales did not exceed 2,000 copies, with a monthly loss of three to four thousand yuan.", "As the Northern Expedition progressed, sales increased to 5,800 copies, gradually reducing losses until breaking even in May.", "By the end of the year, circulation reached 12,000 copies.", "By 1929, the newspaper's circulation had grown to over 20,000 copies, with advertising revenue reaching more than 6,000 yuan per month.", "In March of the same year, a new office was established in Nanjing, further expanding the newspaper's influence.", "In 1930, circulation peaked at 30,000 copies, with 293 distribution points nationwide and monthly advertising revenue of 8 to 9 thousand yuan.In February 1931, the newspaper introduced a high-speed rotary printing press made in Germany and adopted double-sided printing technology, boosting circulation to 50,000 copies and advertising revenue to over 10,000 yuan per month.", "In May, to celebrate the publication of its 10,000th issue, Ta Kung Pao issued three large supplemental sections comprising six broadsheets and 24 pages in total.", "On May 22, circulation surged to over 50,000 copies, coinciding with Wu Dingchang's 48th birthday, for which a commemorative dinner was held at the National Hotel.=== Tianjin Incident ===Following the Mukden Incident, Wu Dingchang, Hu Zhengzhi, and Zhang Jiluan anticipated potential issues due to the newspaper's location in the Japanese Concession and immediately sought a new site.", "They found an old textile factory behind the Electric Light Plant in the French Concession for renovation.", "On November 8, the Tianjin Incident erupted, with paramilitary groups organized by Zhang Bi and Li Jichun harassing and causing disturbances in Tianjin's Chinese district.", "Japanese troops subsequently deployed, aiming to take over the city.", "Ta Kung Pao's location on Xu Street became a patrolled zone by Japanese forces, surrounded by sandbags and wire fences, with Hu Zhengzhi, Zhang Jiluan, and all reporters and workers staying within the newspaper office.", "Zhang Jiluan hoped to downplay the incident, thus on November 9, the news of the Tianjin Incident was placed only on the local news page without mentioning the actions of the Japanese forces.", "Following reports of a civilian being shot in front of the Daibei Hotel, Hu Zhengzhi and Zhang Jiluan decided to evacuate the newspaper office, securing safe passage after contacting the Japanese consulate.", "Unable to take any machinery, lead type, copper plates, or paper, operations at Xu Street were forced to cease.", "Hu Zhengzhi, Zhang Jiluan, and Wu Dingchang later met at Wu's residence, deciding to continue publishing the newspaper amid external threats rather than temporarily halting publication, and organised a move.On November 16, 1931, the Ta Kung Pao was reissued from its new location at 161, 30th Road in the French Concession.", "Initially, due to the rotary press not being fully installed, the newspaper had to temporarily resort to flatbed printing, significantly slowing down the publication process and temporarily reducing the newspaper's length to one broadsheet of four pages.", "By February 11, 1932, the new machinery was fully assembled, and normal operations resumed with a simple celebration.", "The new premises in the French Concession were more spacious than the old ones in the Japanese Concession, featuring a manager's department, a materials warehouse, a typesetting room, and a printing room.", "In February 1933, the newspaper acquired a new German-made rotary press, and staff numbers increased to over 300.On New Year's Day 1934, Ta Kung Pao introduced \"Weekly Essays,\" inviting external experts to write, and gradually shifted its editorials to vernacular Chinese, enhancing the newspaper's influence and reader base.=== Second Sino-Japanese war ======= Closure in Tianjin ====Following the Marco Polo Bridge Incident in 1937, Japanese forces launched an assault on Tianjin on the 28th of July.", "Due to severed external transportation, the Tianjin edition of Ta Kung Pao was restricted to distribution solely within the city limits.", "By the 1st of August, Tianjin had succumbed to Japanese control, leading to Ta Kung Pao announcing a temporary halt to its publication by the 4th of August.", "In the declaration of its temporary suspension, Ta Kung Pao clearly stated its commitment to aligning its fate with that of the legitimate administration of the Republic of China in Tianjin, staunchly refusing to yield to the pressures of any illegitimate authority.==== Retreat to Shanghai and Wuhan ====By the end of 1936, in response to the escalating Japanese aggression in North China, Ta Kung Pao established its Shanghai edition.", "On 1 April 1936, Ta Kung Pao set up its operations on Wangping Street in Shanghai, launching the Shanghai edition.", "The Tianjin and Shanghai editions were published simultaneously.The Japanese invasion of Shanghai occurred on 13 August 1937.On 14 August, Hu Zhengzhi directed the staff of Ta Kung Pao's Nanjing office and the Tianjin edition to rush to Wuhan to prepare for the Hankou edition.", "The Tianjin staff relocated to Shanghai and Wuhan.", "The Hankou edition of Ta Kung Pao was launched on 18 September 1937.Following the fall of Nanjing on 13 December, the Japanese forces demand news censorship for all newspapers within the International Settlement in Shanghai.", "Ta Kung Pao refused to be inspected by the Japanese authorities and announce a cessation of publication from 15 December, with the staff retreated to Wuhan.", "In mid-1938, as the Battle of Wuhan commenced, Chiang Kai-shek ordered the evacuation of Wuhan, leading to the suspension of the Hankou edition on 18 October 1938.==== Retreat to Hong Kong and Guilin ====At the end of 1937, Hu Zhengzhi decided to establish Ta Kung Pao in Hong Kong, launching the Hong Kong edition on the anniversary of the Japanese invasion of Shanghai.", "Hu stated in the inaugural issue that Ta Kung Pao would continue serving the nation.", "Due to its esteemed reputation, the Hong Kong edition faced hostility from local competitors on its first day of circulation, including disturbances by hired children who snatched and tore up the newspapers.", "The focus on commercial news by the local press, not political commentary, resulted in poor sales for Ta Kung Pao; coupled with the low cost of local advertising, this led to operational losses for Ta Kung Pao until exclusive coverage of the Wang-Japan Secret Agreement in January 1940 significantly increased circulation.Early in 1940, foreseeing the Japanese invasion of Hong Kong, Hu sought land in Guilin for construction and gradually moved several flatbed printing presses and other necessary equipment there, establishing the Guilin edition on March 15, 1941, as a backup for the Hong Kong edition.", "After the Japanese occupied Hong Kong in December 1941, the Hong Kong Ta Kung Pao staff evacuated to the Guilin office.", "On September 12, 1944, due to Japanese bombing, the Guilin Ta Kung Pao ceased publication, and the editorial staff once again retreated to Chongqing, losing all office supplies and equipment in the evacuation.", "Chongqing then became the central voice and final haven for Ta Kung Pao until Japan's surrender in August 1945.==== Chongqing ====Atomic Bombing of HiroshimaOn the Chinese New Year's Eve of 1938, Cao Gubing went to Chongqing to prepare a new office.", "The move of the Hankou edition to Chongqing saw significant losses due to insufficient transportation, leaving behind office supplies and suffering from Japanese aerial bombings near Yichang.", "On December 1, 1938, Zhang Jiluan established the Chongqing office on Xinfeng Street.", "On May 3, 1939, the Chongqing office was bombed in an air strike, and on May 4, the already ruined office was bombed again.", "Due to continuous Japanese bombings, the newspaper had to be rebuilt, with Hu Zhengzhi personally overseeing the reconstruction at a new site in Liziba, including carving out air-raid shelters to ensure uninterrupted publication.", "On 30 August and 15 September 1939, the new manager's office, office building, and a printing workshop in Liziba were bombed.", "On 10 July, the Liziba manager's building was directly hit and burned down; following heavy rain, all staff were left to shelter in the rain for two nights.", "On 30 July, the printing plant was bombed, destroying the printing presses.", "Despite continuous Japanese bombings, Ta Kung Pao never ceased publication, maintaining a leading circulation among Chongqing newspapers.In 1941, Ta Kung Pao received the Missouri Honor Medal for Journalism, but soon after faced the death of editor-in-chief Zhang Jiluan.", "Hu Zhengzhi immediately contacted Wu Dingchang, deciding to establish a joint board of directors to collectively lead the newspapers in Chongqing, Hong Kong, and Guilin.", "On September 6, 1943, Hu announced the \"Ta Kung Pao Colleagues Convention,\" setting September 1 as the anniversary to commemorate the founding by Wu Dingchang, Zhang Jiluan, and Hu Zhengzhi.=== Communist revolution ===After the victory of the war with Japan, Ta Kung Pao began the work of resuming publication of its various editions.", "On November 1 and December 1, 1945, the Shanghai and Tianjin editions were successively resumed.", "On New Year's Day 1946, Ta Kung Pao's General Administration Office was established in Shanghai, overseen by General Manager Hu Zhengzhi, who coordinated operations across all branches.In 1948, Ta Kung Pao published a series of editorials, advocating for a liberal \"middle way,\" between Kuomintang and Communists, which were at war with each other and came under attack from both sides.Foreseeing the conflicts between the United States and the Soviet Union, Hu Zhengzhi believed that Ta Kung Pao could not survive no matter whether it was under Communist or Kuomintang rule.", "Therefore, he set up an English version of Ta Kung Pao in New York and re-established the Hong Kong edition in 1948 and planned for future relocations to Singapore or the United States, with Hong Kong serving as a fallback.", "He believed that only in Hong Kong could Ta Kung Pao survive in the long run.", "Upon the publication of Hong Kong edition, the daily sales of Ta Kung Pao reached its peak at over 200,000 copies in four cities, including Tianjin, Shanghai, Chongqing and Hong Kong.After falling ill in Hong Kong, Hu Zhengzhi passed away in Shanghai in April 1949, leaving the future of Ta Kung Pao in the hands of Wang Yunwu.", "Facing severe criticism from the Kuomintang, Wang shifted the newspaper's allegiance towards the Communist camp.", "This transition marked a significant change in the direction and editorial stance of Ta Kung Pao." ], [ "Evolution of viewpoints", "=== Ying Lianzhi ===During the period under Ying Lianzhi's leadership, editorials in Ta Kung Pao, numbering over 20 per month, frequently critiqued figures such as Empress Dowager Cixi, Rong Lu, and Gang Yi.", "Despite its bold criticisms, the newspaper did not forget to support the imperial cause, advocating for a constitutional monarchy.", "In 1905, Ta Kung Pao responded to the movement against the mistreatment of Chinese workers in the United States by refusing to publish advertisements from American businesses and encouraging a boycott of American goods.", "Yuan Shikai, the Governor-General of Zhili, banned the mailing and reading of Ta Kung Pao, citing it as harmful to diplomatic relations and peace.", "On August 17, Ying Lianzhi wrote that constitutional reform needed the removal of the wicked and the promotion of the virtuous, indirectly referencing Yuan Shikai.", "In February 1907, Ta Kung Pao raised 11,469 taels for relief of the Jiangnan flood disaster.", "In 1908, following the deaths of Emperor Guangxu and Empress Dowager Cixi, with Prince Regent Zaifeng assuming power and proposals for Yuan Shikai's reappointment emerging as he returned to his ancestral home in Xiangcheng, Henan, Ta Kung Pao vehemently opposed the suggestion to reappoint Yuan Shikai.=== Zhang Jillian and Hu Zhengzhi ===After Wang Zhilong took over the newspaper in 1916, Hu Zhengzhi joined the team following discussions with Ying Lianzhi.", "Wang Zhilong did not interfere with the newspaper's operations, ensuring that Ta Kung Pao did not become biased due to its connection with the Anfu Club.", "In November 1916, the paper continuously tracked and reported on the Laoxikai Incident, condemning the unreasonable demands of the French Concession and criticising the government's inappropriate measures.", "In February 1917, the paper focused on the severance of diplomatic relations between the United States and Germany, interviewing nationals from the UK, Germany, and other relevant countries in China to understand the Republic of China's foreign policy options.", "In July 1917, Ta Kung Pao closely followed the restoration attempt by Zhang Xun, significantly increasing its circulation with sales exceeding 10,000 copies.", "In 1918, Hu Zhengzhi personally visited Vladivostok, paying close attention to the Chinese Eastern Railway issue and the Siberian Expedition.Zhang Jiluan, who joined in 1926, adhered to the Chinese tradition of scholar-official by vehemently criticising political leaders in three editorials to advocate for the establishment of a democratic republic system.", "On December 4, 1926, Ta Kung Pao published an editorial titled \"The Fall of a Tyrant,\" criticising Wu Peifu as \"strong yet ignorant, now devoid of even strength, possessing only arrogance.\"", "On November 4, 1927, Ta Kung Pao released an editorial, \"Alas!", "The Sin of a Leader's Ambition,\" which condemned Wang Jingwei for prioritising personal ambition over national interest, local governance, and the lives and property of the people, thereby sacrificing these for his inconsistent and uncertain leadership desires.", "On December 2, 1927, Ta Kung Pao published an editorial, \"Chiang Kai-shek's View on Life,\" targeting Chiang Kai-shek's belief, following his marriage to Soong Mei-ling, that \"life is meaningless without a happy marriage,\" and his conviction that \"the revolutionary work will definitely progress after getting married today.\"", "The editorial criticised his viewpoint and questioned whether Chiang could seek happy marriages for all members of the Kuomintang and the army to promote the progress of the revolution.==== Advocating Chiang Kai-shek ====In June 1928, Hu Zhengzhi went to Beijing to interview Yang Yuting, being the first to report on Zhang Zuolin's retreat from the pass and continuously followed up on the assassination of Zhang Zuolin and the National Government's control over the Beijing-Tianjin area.", "He interviewed Yan Xishan and Bai Chongxi and praised Chiang Kai-shek for resigning from his military post, believing it would contribute to the establishment of civil governance.", "In July, to report on Chiang Kai-shek and Li Zongren's journey northward, Zhang Jiluan visited his old friend Feng Yuxiang.", "Through Feng's introduction, he met Chiang Kai-shek and then travelled to Beijing on his special train, where he had enjoyable conversations with personalities such as Shao Lizi, Zhang Qun, and Chen Bulei.", "After Chiang Kai-shek, Feng Yuxiang, Yan Xishan, and Li Zongren held a memorial ceremony for Sun Yat-sen at Biyun Temple in the Western Hills, Zhang Jiluan took a car provided by the Minister of Transportation, Zhang Bojun, to Kaifeng and then took Feng Yuxiang's special train to Nanjing.", "During the Second Plenary Session of the Fifth Central Committee of the Kuomintang, he interviewed key figures of the National Government, thereby establishing Ta Kung Pao's stance in support of the National Government.In 1930, Ta Kung Pao was the first press to report the intervention of Chang Hsueh-liang in the Central Plains War, which led to the defeats of Yan Xishan and Bai Chongxi.", "After the Mukden Incident of 1931, Ta Kung Pao did not approve for esclation of the war with Japan but rather discussed on how to revenge in the future, aligning itself with Chiang Kai-shek and was therefore criticised by overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia.", "In the Xi'an Incident of 1936, Chiang Kai-shek was detained by Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, an event that occurred simultaneously with Ta Kung Pao's publication of Chiang's order to dismiss Zhang.", "The Nationalist government air-dropped tens of thousands of copies of Ta Kung Pao over Xi'an, each bearing an open letter demanding Zhang to release Chiang.", "In the New Fourth Army incident of 1941, Ta Kung Pao sided with the Nationalist government, criticising the Communist Party for its attack on allied forces.", "After the Battle of South Shanxi, Ta Kung Pao advocated for cooperation between the Communist Party and the Nationalist government, attributing the failure to the Communists' reluctance to collaborate, prompting Zhou Enlai to pen a letter rebutting the accusations.=== Wang Yunsheng ===Wang Yunsheng did not share a deep friendship with Chiang Kai-shek, like Zhang Jiluan.", "Following Zhang's death, as the war entered its later stages with defeats, soaring prices, and widespread suffering among the populace, Wang gradually intensified his criticism of the government.", "After the fall of Hong Kong, Wang requested Chen Bulei to rescue Hu Zhengzhi, who was still in Hong Kong.", "On December 9, he had people wait at Chongqing's Shanhuba Airport for Hu, but the last plane brought not Hu but Song Ailing, Kong Lingwei, an old maid, numerous trunks and crates, and several foreign dogs, infuriating Wang.", "On December 22, 1941, Wang revealed the scandal of evacuation planes from Hong Kong carrying trunks, maids, and foreign dogs instead of refugees, and exposing the Foreign Minister Guo Taiqi for purchasing a private mansion with a substantial amount of public funds amidst national crisis.", "This publication led to Chiang Kai-shek dismissing Guo Taiqi that very day.", "The scandal involving Miss Kong sparked student protests against Kong Xiangxi in cities like Kunming and Zunyi.By 1944, the Chongqing edition of Ta Kung Pao began to harshly criticise the policies and actions of the Nationalist government.", "On December 3, on the eve of the Japanese occupation of Dushan, it published an editorial criticising the strategy of \"trading space for time,\" calling for a thorough political overhaul.", "This included the removal of ineffective officials, welcoming non-party individuals to participate in governance, addressing party issues, and enhancing cooperation with the Allies.", "It also urged Chiang Kai-shek to personally supervise the war effort in Guiyang.In November 1945, Ta Kung Pao covered a manifesto by intellectuals calling for an end to press censorship and the restoration of freedom of expression.", "This stance against government control over the media was further emphasized in 1948 when the newspaper responded to the shutdown of another publication by highlighting the protests of notable figures from the journalism, cultural, and legal sectors.", "Throughout the late 1940s, Ta Kung Pao consistently reported on and critiqued human rights violations and abuses of power, demonstrating its commitment to journalistic integrity and the public's right to know.", "Notably, the paper's staff faced direct repercussions for their work, including assaults and arrests in 1946 and 1947, indicating the risks they took to report the truth.==== Middle way ====Ta Kung Pao consistently refrained from using derogatory terms like \"Communist bandits\" or \"bandit troops\" on its pages, opting instead for \"Communist Party\" and \"Communist army,\" indicating its recognition of the Communist Party as a legitimate opposition to the Nationalist Party, rather than mere \"bandits.\"", "However, the newspaper also critiqued the Communist Party and faced criticism from both sides.", "On October 25, 1945, Wang Yunsheng published an editorial criticising the Communist Party for transportation issues, and on November 20, he called for peace in another editorial, which was sharply rebutted by the New China Daily the following day.", "On April 16, 1946, Wang's editorial \"The Disgraceful Battle of Changchun\" in Ta Kung Pao was countered by the New China Daily on April 18, condemning Ta Kung Pao for blaming the Communists and the Chinese people for the conflict in Changchun and absolving the hardliners of their crimes.Following the breakdown of Nationalist-Communist negotiations in 1947, Ta Kung Pao began to advocate for a \"third way.\"", "On January 8, it listed five fundamental beliefs, including political freedom and economic equality; rationality and fairness over passion, dominance, and weapons; the happiness of the majority; support for a democratic multi-party system; and the notion that any revolution must go hand in hand with reform.", "Yet, supporters of the liberal \"middle way\" or \"third way\" were not only suppressed by the Nationalist Party but also criticised by the Communist Party." ], [ "Investigative journalism", "Ta Kung Pao before 1949 was well known for its investigative journalism.", "In 1931, Cao Gubing arrived in the Soviet Union as a journalist of Ta Kung Pao, making him the first Chinese journalist to cover the modernisation of the Soviet Union.", "Starting from July 1935, Fan Changjiang, a Ta Kung Pao, traced the Red Army in their Long March from Sichuan to Shaanxi, making him the first Chinese journalist to cover the Long March.", "During his travel, he extensively recorded the social, economic and political situation in Northwestern China, leading to great public attention.", "In 1937, after visits to Yan'an and Xi'an, Fan Changjiang was the first to reveal Chiang Kai-shek's promise to halt the civil war with the Communists during the 1936 Xi'an Incident, forcing Kuomintang to stop the civil war.", "In 1943, Zhang Gaofeng, a battlefield journalist, extensively reported the Chinese famine of 1942–1943.The newspaper was order to suspend publication for three days after initial reporting." ], [ "News professionalism", "Ta Kung Pao's editorial principles are encapsulated in four key tenets, reflecting its commitment to journalistic integrity and public service:# Non-partisanship: The paper positions itself purely from the standpoint of a citizen, expressing opinions without prejudice or affiliation.", "It supports actions beneficial to the nation and criticizes those harmful, adhering to the interests of the country above all.# Not for Sale: Ta Kung Pao declares its editorial independence, not engaging in transactions for opinions and refusing all forms of financial assistance with political strings attached, ensuring that its commentary is influenced neither by monetary incentives nor political investments.# No Self-interest: The staff and contributors of the newspaper are dedicated solely to their professional roles within the publication, without ulterior motives.", "In essence, the newspaper does not serve private interests, aiming to be an open platform for the public voice.# Not Blind: Following trends without understanding or engaging in harsh criticism without grasping the facts constitutes blind action and contention.", "The paper strives for awareness and refuses to succumb to ignorance.All news reporting and commentary in Ta Kung Pao are the result of proactive creation and independent thinking by the newspaper's staff.", "Within the newspaper, there are no Kuomintang or Communist organizations, and new hires must be non-partisan, without affiliation to any political party." ], [ "Reputation", "In December 1929, Chiang Kai-shek, in his capacity as the Chairman of the National Government, issued a \"Decree Seeking Opinions\" and specifically directed that Ta Kung Pao and all other newspapers across the country take note of this directive.", "This move directly catapulted Ta Kung Pao to the center of national public discourse.", "By the 1930s, there was a saying among the people of Tianjin that \"Tianjin has three treasures: Yongli, Nankai, and Ta Kung Pao,\" highlighting Ta Kung Pao's status as a major opinion stronghold in North China.In April 1941, Ta Kung Pao received a letter from the United States, being awarded the Missouri Honor Medal for Distinguished Service in Journalism.", "This marked the first time a Chinese newspaper was recognized as the best newspaper, a milestone celebrated with a tea party hosted by the China Journalism Association and the Chongqing Newspaper Syndicate.", "Ta Kung Pao was the only foreign media entity to win the award, with Lu Qixin, the Central News Agency's special correspondent in the US, accepting the award on its behalf.Ta Kung Pao has been heralded as the \"Whampoa Military Academy of journalism education,\" signifying its pivotal role in nurturing journalistic talent and contributing significantly to Chinese media and culture.", "The roster of authors who contributed to Ta Kung Pao spans the giants of literature and arts, including Hu Shi, Lin Yutang, Cao Yu, Shen Congwen, Feng Zikai, Fei Xiaotong, the master of traditional Chinese painting Huang Yongyu, as well as the martial arts literature masters Jin Yong and Liang Yusheng.In 1958, during a conversation with Fei Yimin, the president of Hong Kong's Ta Kung Pao, Zhou Enlai commended the newspaper for its patriotic stance against Japanese aggression and praised it for cultivating numerous outstanding talents in China's journalism sector.", "Ta Kung Pao's reporters include the only Chinese journalist to have reported on-site from the Paris Peace Conference, the first Chinese journalist to enter the border areas after the Red Army reached Shaanxi, and the only Chinese journalist stationed in Europe during World War II.", "The \"Encyclopedia of China - Press and Publishing Volume\" lists 108 notable figures in the Chinese journalism sector, with 12 having served at Ta Kung Pao.", "Additionally, the \"China Journalism Yearbook,\" published by the Journalism Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, features biographies of 60 Ta Kung Pao journalists, underscoring the newspaper's significant contribution to the field." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Jabal Dabub inscription" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Jabal Ḏabūb''' '''inscription''' (also known as '''Jabal Ḏabūb 1''') is a South Arabian graffito inscription composed in a minuscule variant of the late Sabaic language and dates to the 6th century, notable for the appearance of a pre-Islamic variant of the Basmala.", "It was found on a rocky facade at the top of the eastern topside of mount Thaboob in the Dhale region of Yemen and first published in 2018 by M.A.", "Al-Hajj and A.A. Faqʿas." ], [ "Content", "The inscription is two lines long.", "The ''editio princeps'' reads:bs¹mlh \| rḥmn \| rḥmn \| rb \| s¹mwtr{z}{q}n \| mfḍlk \| wʾṯrn \| mḫh \| s²kmt ʾymnAnd has been interpreted as follows:بسم للاه الرحمن الرحيم ربه السمواته الرزاق ) الذيه( مفضلك ) أيها االنسان( والمردف نعمهه عليكه ) بأنه( أعطاك االيمانهبسم للاه الرحمن الرحيم ربه السمواته (أسألكه( الرزق من فضلك وأن تمنحه عقله ) قبلهه( قوة)حالوة( االيمانAnd in English:In the name of Allāh, the Raḥmānhave mercy upon us, O lord of the heavenssatisfy us by means of your favorand grant us the essence of it at the end/gift of our days" ], [ "Dating", "The inscription is paleographically dated to the latest phase of South Arabian documentation, in the 6th century or early 7th century, but is considered pre-Islamic or paleo-Islamic given its lack of standardized Arabic phraseology known from early Islamic inscriptions, especially in the early Islamic graffiti." ], [ "Interpretation and significance", "The author may have been Jewish.", "Significantly, this inscription contains a pre-Islamic Arabian reference to the Basmala, invoking the monotheistic deity Rahmanan.", "However, while this inscription is apparently the first attested case where \"In the name of Allāh/God\" is combined with \"the Merciful,\" the Qur'anic form of the Basmalah contains a phraseological expansion into a tripartite form to include to include the final adjective ''al-raḥīm''.", "It is possible that this expansion was made to facilitate the common Qur’anic rhyme ''ī/ū'' + ''m/n''.The request, \"have mercy upon us, O lord of the heavens\" resembles the biblical phrase \"Have mercy on us, O LORD, have mercy on us\" in Psalm 123:3.Likewise, the request to \"grant us the essence of it at the end of our days\" may also be a reference to another Psalmic passage, where the reader asks \"So teach us to number our days, that we may obtain a heart of wisdom\" (Psalm 90:12).", "The particular phrasing of ''rabb al-samāwāt'' is also known from the Quran (''rabbu s-samāwāti wa-l-ʾarḍi'', Q 19:65).", "In its use of both the terms \"Allāh,\" which was the proper name of the one monotheistic God in pre-Islamic North Arabia, and \"Rahmān,\" the proper name of the one South Arabian monotheistic God, this inscription may reflect a syncretism that resulted from an alliance between multiple Arabian tribes to symbolize their political unity.Alongside the ʿAbd- Shams inscription and the Ri al-Zallalah inscription, the Jabal Dabub inscription implies that the use of the term ''rabb'' was widely used by Arabian monotheists." ], [ "See also", "* Namara inscription* Ri al-Zallalah inscription" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Jabab Dabul 1 (Corpus of Late Sabaic Inscriptions)" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Abshir Bacadle" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Abshir Nuur Faarax 'Bacadle'''' was a Somali poet.Abshir Ba’adle has been remembered with an entire collection of poems during the Somali civil war.", "As one of the most prolific Somali poets of the late 20th century, his poems were mostly based on Religion, War, Reconciliation, Natural Disasters and the Poor and Needy.", "He vocally lived through the Battle of Mogadishu in 1993 with US Delta forces and the Ethiopian-led War in Somalia (2006–2009).Bacadle was born in Mustahil in the Somali Region of Ethiopia." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Emmanuel Chain" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Emmanuel Chain''', born August 5, 1962, in Neuilly-sur-Seine (Hauts-de-Seine), is a French producer, journalist and former television host.He is particularly known for having hosted the economic program ''Capital'' on the M6 channel, from 1988 to 2003, for which he personally won three 7 d'Or.He attended secondary school at Collège Stanislas de Paris and at Lycée Henri-IV and graduated from HEC Paris, in the class of 1985, where he was a classmate of François-Henri Pinault.", "From 2015 to 2018, he was the president of the alumni association, HEC Alumni.Emmanuel Chain is a member of the Le Siècle and the club Galilée (a professional think tank), as well as of the Young Leader program of the French-American Foundation (1999)." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "2023 Empire Slovak Open – Singles" ], [ "Introduction", "Bernarda Pera was the defending champion but chose not to participate.Yanina Wickmayer won the title, defeating Greet Minnen in the final, 6–0, 6–3." ], [ "Seeds" ], [ "Draw", "===Finals======Top half======Bottom half===" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Main Draw" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Parosphromenus kishii" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Parosphromenus kishii''''' is a species of fish in the ''Parosphromenus'' genus that was discovered on October 28, 2021, by H. Kishi." ], [ "Habitat", "''Parosphromenus kishii'' live in single river system and swampy forest in the Central Kalimantan province of Indonesia.Swamp forest, habitat of ''Parosphromenus kishii''''Parosphromenus kishii'' map" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Johann Hugo Wyttenbach" ], [ "Introduction", "Lithograph of Johann Hugo Wyttenbach by Johann Anton Ramboux'''Johann Hugo Wyttenbach''' (6 April 1767, Bausendorf – 22 June 1848, Trier) was a German librarian, historian and school master." ], [ "Biography", "Wyttenbach was born in to the family of a teacher.", "Orphaned at a young age, he was raised by his godfather.", "From 1784 to 1786 he studied theology at the University of Trier and Trier Seminary.", "In 1788 he dropped out of his studies and became a follower of the Enlightenment and was especially interesed in the works of Rousseau and Kant.During the French period, he became a supporter of the revolutionary Republican government and applied at the French central administration of the Saard department, becoming a member of the school commission during the Napoleonic rule in 1799, and a librarian and professor of the central school as well as the first city librarian from 1804 to 1848.By 1810 he saved around 60,000 volumes of manuscripts and prints from the monastery and monastery libraries in the Saard department, which had been secularized in 1802, to the Trier city library.", "Because of his position during French rule and his liberal sympathies, he was under supervision of the Prussian government and therefore a co-principal, Vitus Loers, was appointed alongside him, who played the role of an informer for the authorities.In 1801 he was a co-founder of the Society for Useful Research in Trier and its secretary from 1809 to 1822.In 1815 he was captain of the vigilance committee in Trier.", "From 1830 to 1835 he was Karl Marx's history teacher and had significant influence on the views of the young Marx.Wyttenbach kept in touch with the leading German writers of his time, including Goethe, Jakob Grimm, Hofmann von Fallersleben, and Clemens Brentano.", "He was a devout follower of the philosophy of Rousseau." ], [ "Works", "* ''Aussprüche der philosophirenden Vernunft und des reinen Herzens über die der Menschheit wichtigsten Gegenstände mit besonderer Rücksicht auf die kritische Philosophie zusammengetragen aus den Schriften älterer und neuerer Denker, Rötzel, Leipzig, 1796 '', 2.und verbesserte Auflage, Leipzig, 1798 * ''Plan einer inneren Einrichtung für Primärschulen''.", "Trier, Hetzrodt und Schröll, 1798 * ''Denkmal den Wohlthätern des Menschengeschlecht''s.", "Trier, Fischer, 1799 * ''Handbuch für den Unterricht in den Pflichten und Rechten des Menschen und des Bürgers''.", "Trier, Hetzrodt, 1801 Digitalisat delibri Rheinland-Pfalz* (Hrsg.", "): ''Der Geist der Religion''.", "Mohr, Frankfurt a. M., 1806 * ''Versuch einer Geschichte von Trier''.", "Schröll, Trier., 1810 Digitalisat delibri Rheinland-Pfalz* ''Neue Beiträge zur antiken heidnischen und christlichen Epigraphik.''", "Trier, Blattau, 1833 * ''Die Liebfrauen-Kirche zu Trier Aufgenommen mit Bemerkungen begleitet und hrsg.", "von Christian Wilhelm Schmidt.", "Nebst historischen Erläuterungen von Johann Hugo Wyttenbach''.", "Gebrüder Kehr & Niessen, Coeln, 1836 Digitalisat ETH Zürich* With Michael Franz Josef Müller: ''Gesta Trevirorum''.", "3 Bände, Trier, Lintz, 1836–1839 Digitalisat delibri Rheinland-Pfalz* ''Recherches sur les antiquités romaines dans la vallée de la Moselle de Trèves''.", "Trier, Lintz, 1840 * ''Schulreden vom Jahre 1799 bis 1846''.", "Fr.", "Lintz, Trier.", "1847" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Sándor Rott" ], [ "Introduction", "alt=Sándor Rott (or kis Rottról)'''Sándor Rott''' (né '''Sándor Rottmann'''; 27 November 1868 – 16 December 1942), was a Hungarian actor, theater director, and screenwriter.", "He was nicknamed, , and was known for his comic roles." ], [ "Early life and family", "Sándor Rott was born with the name Sándor Rottmann on 27 November 1868, in Pest in Budapest, Austria-Hungary (now Hungary).", "He was Jewish.", "His parents were Adolf Rottmann (1821–1908) a tailor, and Katalin Silbermann (1835–1916), the family lived in the Jewish quarter (Erzsébetváros) on Király Street.On 31 May 1910, he married the actress/singer in Terézváros, Budapest.", "His wife converted to Judaism; and they had three sons and a daughter." ], [ "Career", "His career began with a contract with the ''Folies Caprice'' in 1891, where Rott gained popularity, together with his partner, .", "There he became one of Budapest's best-known actors.", "Rott made several guest appearances in Vienna, where he proved to be a first-rate comedian.He was an independent theater director in the capital for ten years, and between 1918 and 1927, he led the \"Little Comedy Theater\" (''Kis Komédia'') together with Steinhardt.", "In 1928, he performed as a guest at the and the Andrássy út Szinház theatre, followed by a tour in German-speaking countries, and some neighboring countries until 1935.He was known for his performance in ''Kalábriászparti'' (English: ''Calabrian Coast'') which was a mute comedy role.Rott wrote his autobiography, ''kis Rottról'' (1941).", "He died on 16 December 1942 in Budapest." ], [ "Filmography", "=== As actor ===* ''A suszterherceg'' (1914), as Kóbius the cobbler* ''Az újszülött apa'' (1916), as a servant* ''Jobb erkölcsöket!''", "(1916), as outgoing husband* ''Az erkölcsliga'' (1918)* ''Az önkéntes tűzoltó'' (1918)" ], [ "See also", "* List of Hungarian actors" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Yuto Kusaba" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Yuto Kusaba''' is a Japanese forward currently turning out for Kenyan Premier League side Nairobi City Stars." ], [ "Career", "Yuto featured for lower-tier sides in Japan including St. Andrews FC, Momoyama Gakuin University, and FC Basara Hyogo in the Kansai Soccer League between 2019 and 2023.He then traveled to Kenya as a volunteer for an NGO in Embu, and it was while there that he joined fourth-tier side FC Zenshin.", "Yuto then moved to Nairobi City Stars in August 2023 from the Embu-based club but was locked out of participating in the top Kenyan topflight league after it emerged that International Transfer guidelines were never met when he first arrived in Kenya.", "However, he completed his registration in the mid-transfer window in January 2024 and went on to debut for City Stars on Sunday 4 Feb with a substitute appearance against Shabana FC at the Kenyatta Stadium, Machakos." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Purah" ], [ "Introduction", " is a character in ''The Legend of Zelda'' series.", "She originally appeared in ''The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild'', where she is depicted as a young girl despite being elderly due to a science mishap.", "A young adult version of Purah is depicted in ''Hyrule Warriors: Age of Calamity'', which takes place 100 years before ''Breath of the Wild''.", "This version of her appears once again in ''The Legend of Zelda: Tears of the Kingdom'' after she managed to age herself up.", "In Japanese, she is voiced by Ayano Shibuya, while in English she is voiced by Kate Higgins.Purah's appearance in ''Tears of the Kingdom'' in particular received significant praise, with several media outlets voicing approval over her child-like appearance in ''Breath of the Wild''.", "Many reactions from media outlets and fans alike voice approval for her attractiveness in this new iteration, with search results on PornHub rising dramatically after the game's release.", "Additional praise was given for the character's expanded role in ''Tears of the Kingdom'', and how she was an integral part of the game's story and a driving force for its narrative." ], [ "Conception and design", "Purah was created for ''The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild'', and is a member of the \"Sheikah\" clan in the game.", "A technologically advanced culture that became oppressed by the local kingdom over time, lead artist Hirohito Shindoa developed them around the concept of a \"hidden village away from the eyes of the world\".", "Unified in appearance by their completely white hair, their outfits were given a very \"Japanese aesthetic\" to help differentiate them from other characters in the game at a glance, as well as utilizing hats, accessories and poses to further differentiate the members of the clan from each other.After completing the character Robbie, they began work on Purah, building her concept around the \"magical girl\" archetype and resembling a young child due to a botched experiment to reduce her age.", "Her characterization meanwhile was motivated by wanting money for her research.", "Initial designs portrayed her as \"languid and unenergetic\", built around the theme of a \"punk rock girl.\"", "In this design she utilized heavy eyeliner to illustrate she was \"not just some kid\", while she wore a large purse on her midsection, and an oversized collar around her neck from before she transformed herself into a child-like appearance.", "Of these elements only the eye makeup remained, as she was given a cheerful and strong personality instead.", "While her original outfit was meant to resemble Robbie's, it was changed to a dress with a frilled interior, while chopsticks held up her hair in a topknot.", "Though she wears ornate red glasses, she was given a set of gold goggles as well, meant to be shaped like a butterfly.In ''Hyrule Warriors: Age of Calamity'', a game set prior to the events of ''Breath of the Wild'', she was portrayed as a woman in her twenties, now wearing a long beige lab coat and a skirt that exposes her lower legs.", "Meanwhile in ''The Legend of Zelda: Tears of the Kingdom'', a sequel to ''Breath of the Wild'', she is portrayed as a mature woman from her previous child-like appearance, now significantly taller and wearing a dress with a tight slit, and red stockings and high heels, while a set of blue gloves cover her hands.", "Her hair meanwhile now frames her face, meant to give her a more adult appearance." ], [ "Appearances", "Purah first appears in ''The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild'' as a character who assists the protagonist, Link, in his quest to save Hyrule and Princess Zelda from Calamity Ganon.", "Link, who spent the past 100 years recovering from his injuries, discovers that Purah, who was an elderly woman at the time, recently turned her body into that of a child after a scientific mishap de-aged her.", "She is one of the three people in the Sheikah race who were alive during the Calamity 100 years ago, alongside Impa and Robbie.", "She helps Link by improving his Sheikah Slate through upgrading its abilities.", "In ''Hyrule Warriors: Age of Calamity'' Purah appears alongside other members of her clan as a non-playable character.", "In this game, she helps train people to pilot the Divine Beasts, Sheikah-produced mecha intended to help prevent a looming disaster.", "With her help, they are able to travel back in time and defeat Ganon in the past.", "Purah later appears in the game's sequel, ''The Legend of Zelda: Tears of the Kingdom'', which takes place some years after the events of ''Breath of the Wild''.", "In this game, Purah is assisting in rebuilding Hyrule, and has also managed to age herself up into an adult body.", "Providing Link with a paraglider, she helps him with explorer the game's dungeons, acting as the central quest giver in the game and providing several side quests for Link.In all appearances, Purah is voiced in English by Kate Higgins, and by Ayano Shibuya in Japanese." ], [ "Critical reception", "Some third party merchandise of Purah has leaned heavily into the character's sex appeal.Purah has received generally positive reception.", "Ana Diaz of ''Polygon'' described her ''Tears of the Kingdom'' redesign as \"amazing\", feeling it was an improvement over her child-like appearance in the preceding game.", "She noted while the character in game didn't do anything \"particularly sexy\", it resulted in a variety of viral fan videos of the character on social media outlets such as TikTok.", "''VG247'' Oisin Kuhnke meanwhile stated that while ''Tears of the Kingdom'' wasn't the first time this appearance had been used for the character, with it first appearing instead in ''Hyrule Warriors: Age of Calamity'', the wider exposure the newer game brought more awareness to this iteration of Purah's design, and helped make the game feel \"directly targeted at NSFW content lovers\".", "In a later article, she noted pornographic website Pornhub experienced a large uptick in searches related to the Zelda series, particularly a 42257% rise in searches related to Purah.", "Iain Harris of ''GamesRadar+'' in particular cited the presence of a large amount of \"thirst posts\" on social media websites such as Reddit and Twitter, to the point while researching the article he stated \"I've seen more than enough ... to get a telling-off from two of my bosses.", "\"Joshua Furr of ''DualShockers'' examined why the character had become so popular since her ''Tears of the Kingdom'' redesign.", "While he pointed out some of the appeal came from how the game presented, stating \"the camera pans up her legs when introducing her, the way she removes her mechanical glasses is clearly flirtatious\", he felt games had become more subtle about the male gaze.", "Instead he argued certain \"archetypes of desirability\" were also a factor, in particular dominant women, pointing out Parah's nickname for the protagonist and aggressive approach and drawing comparison to another character that had seen similar reaction in the ''Resident Evil'' series, Lady Dimitrescu.", "Acknowledging that Purah was not a \"dom\" herself, her genius intellect and constant presence in the game's story, acting as a driving force for the game's story, made Furr question if the appeal was due to being \"attracted to beautiful brainiacs who’re way smarter than me\".Madeline Carpou in an article for ''The Mary Sue'' also gave significant praise for her character redesign, but more specifically focused on how it had deviated from a particular trope often found in media where a child-like character is actually supposed to be a \"mature\" adult.", "She called the change in design \"the best thing they could have done\", voicing significant praise for the character's sex appeal, adding \"good god, they made her a baddie\".", "She noted that while there was no real explanation given in the game's narrative, she appreciated it none the less, and questioned why the child version was present at all in the preceding game in light of it.Jared Carvalho of ''Game Rant'' meanwhile praised how well the character was utilized in the game's main narrative, feeling it was an improvement over past Zelda titles, where they were often treated as a one-time event character for the protagonist to interact with.", "He enjoyed Purah's more central role in the story and how she was integral throughout it for the push against the game's villain, Ganondorf, and filled a spot in the game's narrative that in previous titles had been delegated to the character Princess Zelda.", "In his view, this allowed Purah to not only do the heavy lifting in the game's story, but more fully flesh out the game's world as a \"hub\" for the player to frequently return to, allowing Purah to have a greater impact upon them through these interactions.", "The staff of ''DualShockers'' named her one of the best video game characters of 2023 for this aspect, stating that while her altered appearance offered a lot towards her popularity, \"any character that appears on both sides of a massive time skip is bound to be a fan favorite.\"" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "V. Shantaram Special Contribution Award" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''V.", "Shantaram Special Contribution Award''', instituted in 2009 for the Maharashtra State Film Awards is an award given by the Government of Maharashtra to long-serving film personalities in Marathi cinema.", "It was named V. Shantaram in honour of V. Shantaram, one of the successful Marathi filmmaker." ], [ "Recipients", " Year Image Winner Field of work Ref 2009 121x121px Mahesh Kothare Director, actor, writer 2010150x150px SachinDirector, actor, singer 2011 Smita TalwalkarDirector, actress, producer 2012115x115px Dilip Prabhavalkar Actor 2013150x150px Reema LagooActress 2014139x139px Sonali Kulkarni Actress 2015 Alka Kubal Actress 2016 Arun Nalawade Actor 2017149x149px Mrinal Kulkarni Actress, director 2018150x150px Bharat Jadhav Actor 2019 Not awarded202090x90pxGajendra AhireDirector, screenwriter 202190x90pxRavindra SatheSinger 2022Usha_Naik,_Actor_and_Shrihari_Sathe,_Producer_of_the_film_‘EK_HAZARACHI’,_at_a_press_conference,_at_the_45th_International_Film_Festival_of_India_(IFFI-2014),_in_Panaji,_Goa_on_November_29,_2014Nagraj ManjuleDirector, screenwriter, actor" ], [ "See also", "* Maharashtra State Film Awards* V. Shantaram Award" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Jeddah Central" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Jeddah Central''' () is a planned development project in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.", "Jeddah Central project is developed by Jeddah Central Development Company (JCDC), one of companies founded by the Saudi Public Investment Fund.", "The $20 billion project was officially announced by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman in December 2021.It will cover a total area of 5.7 km2.As part of Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 to diversify the Saudi economy away from oil, JCDC says that the project will create 25,000 jobs and contribute more than $12.5 billion to Saudi Arabia's national GDP by the year 2030.The project will go through 3 phases, with the first one set to be completed by the end of 2027." ], [ "Background", "Central Jeddah was officially announced by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman on 17 December 2021 as part of Vision 2030.The first phase of the project, which makes up 45%, is planned to be completed by the end 2027.This phase includes the stadium, oceanarium, and the opera house.The second phase makes up 36% of the project, and is expected to be completed by the year 2030.This phase includes the museum, the library, and the wellness district.The final phase, which will be completed after 2030, constitutes the remaining 19% of the project.", "This phase includes the art village and the coral bay.In February 2024, contracts worth $3.2 billion were awarded to construct the stadium, the opera house and the oceanarium.", "This includes the contract to implement the first phase of the infrastructure, which was awarded to China Harbour Engineering Company." ], [ "Landmarks", "=== Stadium ===3D illustration of the Central Jeddah Stadium DesignThe Jeddah Central Stadium is one of the various stadiums announced by Saudi Arabia to host international football competitions.", "This is one of the stadiums set to host games of both the 2027 AFC Asian Cup and the 2034 FIFA World Cup.", "The stadium will have a capacity of 45,000 seats.In July 2022, JCDC announced that the stadium will be designed by GMP and urban development consultants Khatib and Alami.In January 2024, the contract to construct the stadium was awarded to Beijing-based China Railway Construction Corporation and SAMA contracting.", "The construction began in February of the same year.", "The stadium is expected to be inaugurated in 2026.=== Opera House ===The construction of the Opera House was awarded to Modern Building Leaders (MBL).=== Oceanarium and Coral Farm ===Oceanarium and Coral Farm are designed by US-based Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM) and will feature underwater exhibits.", "The construction contract was awarded to Modern Building Leaders (MBL).=== Museum ===The museum will transform a desalination plant into an industrial museum that will introduce the industrial heritage of Jeddah and illustrate the process desalination.", "The museum is designed the London-based Heatherwick Studio.", "The museums will start welcoming guests by the year 2028." ], [ "See also", "* Saudi Vision 2030* Neom* Al-Balad, Jeddah" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Li Pengxin" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Li Pengxin''' (; born December 1960) is a former Chinese politician.", "As of December 2023 he was under investigation by China's top graft busters.", "Previously he served as deputy party secretary of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.", "He was a representative of the 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party." ], [ "Early life and education", "Li was born in Shenchi County, Shanxi, in December 1960.After the Cultural Revolution in 1977, he taught at Delingha Farm Middle School.", "After resuming the college entrance examination, in 1979, he enrolled at Qinghai Normal University, where he majored in Chinese." ], [ "Career", "===Qinghai===Li got involved in politics in September 1983, when he was appointed an official in Zhidoi County in northwest China's Qinghai province.", "He joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in September 1984.He was eventually promoted to deputy magistrate in December 1985.He served as deputy head of the Organization Department of the Qinghai Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League of China in January 1990, and a year later promoted to the head position.", "In November 1991, he became deputy secretary of the Qinghai Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League of China, rising to secretary in January 1997.He was deputy party secretary of Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in November 1999, in addition to serving as party secretary of Golmud.", "He was appointed party secretary of the prefecture in August 2005 and was admitted to member of the CCP Qinghai Provincial Committee, the province's top authority.", "He was secretary of the Political and Legal Affairs Commission of the CCP Qinghai Provincial Committee in January 2007, and held that office until October 2011.===Inner Mongolia===He was made head of the Organization Department of the CCP Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regional Committee in October 2011 and was admitted to member of the CCP Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regional Committee, the region's top authority.===Xinjiang===He was chosen as deputy party secretary of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in September 2016, concurrently serving as secretary of the Education Work Committee of the CCP Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regional Committee and secretary-general of the CCP Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regional Committee." ], [ "Downfall", "On 11 December 2023, he was put under investigation for alleged \"serious violations of discipline and laws\" by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI), the party's internal disciplinary body, and the National Supervisory Commission, the highest anti-corruption agency of China." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Spadra Cemetery" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Spadra Cemetery''' is a historic cemetery in Pomona, California.", "Containing 212 graves, it is protected by the Historical Society of Pomona Valley (HSPV), which offers occasional tours, the only time the site is available to the public, as it is locked behind a large gate.", "It is located underneath SR 57.Many of the site's gravestones are vandalized or deteriorated." ], [ "History", "One small town that makes up present-day Pomona was Spadra.", "In 1868, Melinda Arnett, one of the residents, died.", "She was unable to be buried in one of the nearby cemeteries as they were all Catholic and she was not.", "To solve this, Louis Phillips, a wealthy landowner in the area, set aside some land on his property for use as a cemetery.", "Phillips and his wife, Esther, were later buried in the cemetery.", "In 1897, the Phillipses sold the cemetery to the Spadra Cemetery Association for $1 as he could no longer care for it.", "Spadra slowly declined afterward, and the last burial at the site occurred in 1971.In 1975, the cemetery was sold to the Historical Society of Pomona Valley.", "Vandals occasionally stole headstones and damaged the property when it was abandoned." ], [ "Notable interments", "*Louis Phillips (1830–1900), rancher" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "State Education Law (Israel)" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''State Education Law''' in Israel, 1953 was a law approved by the Knesset on 12 August 1953, intended to abolish the stream system in education and transition to state education.", "The law was enacted following a turbulent debate held in the Knesset plenum on February 13, leading to the Knesset instructing the government to prepare a bill for the abolition of the party-affiliated streams and the introduction of state education with two tracks - \"one religious and the other secular.\"" ], [ "Education system before the law's legislation", "With the establishment of the State of Israel, the Compulsory Education Law, 1949 was enacted, requiring every child from the age of five to thirteen to study in a recognized educational institution.", "Until the State Education Law was legislated, every Israeli citizen (except for immigrants in immigrant camps) had to choose for their children the ideological stream in which they would be educated: the Labor stream, the General stream, the Mizrahi stream, or one of the small streams affiliated with Agudat Israel, or one of the streams that were not politically affiliated.", "This law essentially shaped the character of schools in Israel as national-state schools rather than political schools.", "Initially, the law was applied only to elementary schools and later expanded to include high schools." ], [ "The background to the legislation of the law", "=== Historical background ===The law, which was only legislated in 1953, had been a long-standing desire.", "Already in 1948, as part of the discussions of the Education Planning Committee established by Mapai at the end of 1947, the proposal was raised to abolish the secular education streams and essentially merge the Labor stream with the General stream.", "The committee ultimately decided to ignore the question and leave the decision \"to free clarification among various public entities, mainly teachers and educators.\"", "However, some committee members saw an \"urgent need to clarify the issue of the streams\" and sought a decision on this matter.With the establishment of the State of Israel, the establishment initially avoided this issue, which is why a Minister of Education was not appointed until March 1949.The issue resurfaced as part of David Ben-Gurion's, the Prime Minister's, statehood policy.", "Ben-Gurion argued that the situation that existed in the Jewish Yishuv before the state was established could not continue afterward.", "Before the state was established, the parties were involved in all aspects of life - they established sports organizations, such as Hapoel of the Histadrut labor union, Betar of the Revisionists, and so on, settlements, such as the kibbutzim and moshavim that were and are ideologically affiliated with different movements, banks, such as Bank Hapoalim, and education systems that instilled their party's ideology in their students.", "The partisanship stemmed from the fact that the Jewish Yishuv had no direct connection to the British Mandate authorities, and there was no sovereign Jewish state, so the parties took on roles that are usually reserved for the establishment worldwide.With the establishment of the State of Israel, there was a slow transition from partisanship to statehood, a transition led by Ben-Gurion.", "Ben-Gurion feared that party interest would override national interest and thus began the process of nationalizing institutions that took upon themselves the roles of the state.", "One of the peaks of this process was the legislation of the State Education Law.In February 1951, a Knesset debate was held on the unified education of immigrant children.", "The debate shifted to the issue of the streams, and at its conclusion, the Knesset imposed on the government \"to prepare within two months a bill that abolishes the party-affiliated streams in education and ensures the governance of unified state education in the country, with two tracks - one of which is religious.\"", "Already in the elections for the second Knesset (July 1951), the parties emphasized the issue of streams in their platforms.", "During the second Knesset, the debates continued on the topic until a decision was made in the Knesset plenum in August 1953.A few months before the decision, a new obstacle emerged: kibbutz members sought to preserve the socialist characteristics within their kibbutzim, to continue flying the red flag, sing \"Techzakna\" and the Internationale, and celebrate May Day.", "Ben-Gurion strongly opposed this request.", "Initially, Mapai, his party, opposed him, but after Ben-Gurion declared that he did not intend to relent on this matter and threatened to resign - his stance was accepted.The law was legislated on August 12, 1953, with the support of thirty-nine Knesset members against thirty-six opponents.=== Direct reasons for the legislation of the law ===* Beyond the desire to weaken the power of the parties and reduce the politicization of public life, there were several direct reasons that motivated the government to legislate the law:* The different streams in education created duplicate and cumbersome systems that wasted a lot of money.", "Due to the intense competition between the streams, it often happened that in a small settlement where there was no need for more than one school, there were three schools or more.", "The transition to a new economic policy required a reduction in the state budget.", "* \"Poaching of souls\" began to develop - representatives of the streams pursued confused parents, some of whom, mainly new immigrants, were completely unfamiliar with the political reality and did not know which values were being instilled in their children.", "There was also intense hatred between the streams, and there was concern that this would negatively affect the state's future conduct.", "* Gradually, public protest against the stream system began to emerge, mainly from the General Zionists for whom the abolition of the streams was one of the coalition agreement clauses signed with them upon entering the government, and from other liberal and centrist parties.", "* The massive Aliya forced the different streams to rapidly recruit many teachers.", "The rapid recruitment of teachers was done without paying attention to the ideological commitment they had acquired to the stream in which they were teaching.", "Thus, the ideology of the stream and its uniqueness compared to other streams were effectively weakened.", "* Mapai, the ruling party and initiator of the law, changed its stance and supported the transition to state education." ], [ "The purpose of the law", "The law aims to abolish the system of educational streams and to create a single education system that is ideologically and politically neutral, which will educate students according to \"the values of Israeli culture and scientific achievements, and will instill Jewish culture in the students.\"", "It was also determined that schools will educate students to \"love the homeland and loyalty to the state and the people of Israel, on training in agricultural work and craftsmanship, on pioneering training, and on the aspiration for a society built on the foundations of freedom, equality, tolerance, mutual assistance, and love of creatures.", "\"Additionally, the law is intended to concentrate all authorities over the education of Israeli children in the hands of the Minister of Education and to reduce the autonomy of schools.", "The Minister of Education was given very broad powers, including the authority to intervene in the curriculum, to close schools, to determine special supplementary programs to the curriculum, and to declare a school experimental." ], [ "See also", "* The Daily Meal for Students Law* The Installation of Cameras for the Protection of Infants in Day Care Centers Law" ], [ "Further reading", "* Tali Tadmor-Shimony.", "Homeland Lesson: National Education and State Establishment 1954–1966.Ben-Gurion Research Institute for Israel and Zionism-Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 2010.", "(Hebrew)* Gumpel, Tom.", "\"Special education law in Israel.\"", "''The Journal of Special Education'' 29.4 (1996): 457–468." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Ji-Xin Cheng" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Ji-Xin Cheng''' is an academic, inventor, and entrepreneur.", "He holds the Moustakas Chair Professorship in Optoelectronics and Photonics at Boston University.", "His inventions span optical imaging, cancer diagnosis, neuromodulation, and phototherapy of infectious diseases.", "He holds positions of co-founder of Vibronic and of Pulsethera.", "He is also the scientific advisor of Photothermal Spectroscopy and Axorus.Cheng is most known for his development of chemical imaging techniques, focusing on molecular spectroscopic imaging in technology development, life science applications, and clinical translation.", "His work has been recognized by the 2019 Ellis R. Lippincott Award from Optica, the 2020 Pittsburgh Spectroscopy Award from the Spectroscopy Society of Pittsburgh, and the 2024 SPIE Biophotonics Technology Innovator Award from International Society for Optics and Photonics.Cheng is a Fellow of Optica (the Optical Society of America) and the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering." ], [ "Education", "Cheng obtained a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Science and Technology of China in 1994.Later, he obtained a PhD in 1998 from the same institution.", "After completing his PhD, Cheng had one-year postdoc training at the University of Science and Technology of Hong Kong (1999).", "From 2000 to 2003, he joined Sunney Xie's lab at Harvard University as a postdoc, where he and others worked on the development of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy." ], [ "Career", "In 2003, he joined Purdue University as assistant professor in the Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Chemistry.", "He was promoted to Associate Professor in 2009 and to professor in 2013.In 2017, he was recruited to Boston University as the inaugural Moustakas Chair Professor in Optoelectronics and Photonics in the Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Biomedical Engineering.Since 2021, he has been serving as the Director of the Boston University Photonics Center Graduate Student Initiative.Cheng has co-founded companies, including Vibronix in 2014 and Pulsethera in 2019.He also holds the scientific advisor position in Photothermal Spectroscopy Corp in Santa Barbara and Axorus in Paris." ], [ "Research", "Cheng has authored 300+ peer-reviewed publications spanning the areas of coherent Raman microscopy, mid-infrared photothermal microscopy, transient absorption microscopy, electromagnetic and ultrasound waves for neutral modulation, phototherapy of infectious diseases, as well as medical applications of nanomaterials.===Coherent Raman scattering microscopy===Cheng's research has focused on coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy across various aspects such as instrumentation, theory, and practical applications.", "His research introduced concepts like CARS microscope using picosecond excitation, epi-detected CARS, and polarization-sensitive CARS.", "In 2002, he created a Green's function model that elucidates the contrast mechanism in CARS microscopy.", "Additionally, he led the development of laser-scanning CARS integrated into a confocal microscope.", "At Purdue University, his group led the development of multimodal nonlinear optical imaging using a CARS microscope.From 2013 onward, Cheng and his research team devised methods that allow for the rapid acquisition of Raman spectra at microsecond time scale per pixel, facilitating vibrational spectroscopic imaging of live organisms.", "One notable achievement includes the creation of a tuned amplifier array, which enabled the development of the speediest Raman spectroscopic imaging system, capable of capturing a Raman spectrum in just 5 microseconds.", "His team further developed frameworks for transforming hyperspectral data into chemical maps of prominent substances.", "Through vibrational spectroscopic imaging on human patient samples, Cheng and his collaborators identified cholesteryl ester as a pervasive metabolic indicator of highly malignant cancers.===Overtone photoacoustic microscopy ===In 2011, Cheng and coworkers introduced overtone photoacoustic microscopy, which combined optical excitation of overtone vibration and acoustic detection of pressure transients to enable label-free bond-selective imaging of deep tissues.", "In collaboration with Professor Michael Sturek at the Indiana University School of Medicine, his team developed intravascular vibration-based photoacoustic catheters that can perform video rate imaging of lipids in an arterial wall.", "In 2014, he co-founded Vibronix aiming to further develop vibrational imaging technologies into commercial microscopes and medical devices.", "In 2020, Vibronix received FDA approval for their first medical device, AcuSee, for ultrasound image-guided surgical removal of kidney stones.", "===Mid-infrared photothermal (MIP) microscopy===In 2016, his team introduced a mid-infrared photothermal (MIP) imaging technique that overcame the limitations of traditional infrared spectroscopic imaging, achieving micromolar detection sensitivity and submicrometer spatial resolution for three-dimensional chemical imaging of live cells and organisms.", "Concentrating on optical photothermal IR imaging, his research group have made contributions to technology advancement through a series of innovations.", "These innovations encompass widefield MIP, optical phase detection, and fluorescence detection.", "His recent invention, single pulse digitization, has facilitated real-time super-resolution infrared chemical imaging of living organisms at video rate.", "In 2024, his group reported in Nature Methods a mid-infrared photothermal reporter for imaging enzymatic activities in live cells.In 2017, Photothermal Spectroscopy, with Cheng as a Scientific Advisor, announced mIRage, a commercial microscope for mid-infrared photothermal imaging.===Transient absorption microscopy===In addition to his research on bond-selective chemical imaging, Cheng also made advancements in the field of high-resolution and high-speed transient absorption (TA) microscopy.", "In 2013, his team pioneered far-field super-resolution transient absorption imaging, breaking the conventional diffraction limit by achieving a spatial resolution of 200 nm through controlled electronic absorption saturation.", "On the applications of TA spectroscopic imaging, his team was the first to use phase-sensitive TA imaging to distinguish metallic from semiconducting carbon nanotubes.", "They also tracked single-walled carbon nanotubes in living cells using this method.", "In 2019, they developed a technique combining TA spectroscopic imaging and phasor analysis to quantify HbA1c levels within individual red blood cells.", "His group also unveiled a metabolic shift in melanoma from pigment-rich to lipid-rich as it progresses from primary to metastatic stages, potentially advancing the detection and treatment of this aggressive skin cancer.===Neuromodulation with electromagnetic and ultrasound waves===Beyond Chemical Imaging, Cheng's research revolves around developing a set of tools designed to control cellular activity using electromagnetic or ultrasound waves.", "His group created a fiber optoacoustic emitter that transforms laser pulses into an extremely focused ultrasound field at the tip of the fiber, enabling precise stimulation of neurons at submillimeter accuracy and single-cell stimulation using a tapered fiber setup.", "His team further expanded on their work to create a non-invasive brain modulation technique using optically generated focused ultrasound with extremely precise spatial targeting.", "Additionally, he and coworkers created a microwave split ring resonator to generate gap-based ultrasound.", "This device enables precise neural activity inhibition beyond the microwave's diffraction limit.===Phototherapy of infectious diseases===Under a lab-built transient absorption microscope, Cheng and his student Pu-Ting Dong accidentally found fast photobleaching of staphyloxanthin, a chromophore in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA).", "He converted this failed imaging experiment into a therapy for the super-bug MRSA by synergizing the pigment photobleaching with hydrogen peroxide and conventional antibiotics.", "Cheng, along with his coworkers, further discovered that certain wavelengths of light can deactivate natural light-absorbing molecules in a broad spectrum of bacteria and fungi, enabling the development of a therapy that sensitizes drug-resistant infections to low levels of hydrogen peroxide.===Nanomedicine===In his early career, Cheng explored medical applications of nanomaterials including gold nanorods and polymer micelles.", "His 2005 paper in PNAS indicates that gold nanorods, when excited at 830 nm, exhibit strong two-photon luminescence with polarization dependence, plasmon-enhanced absorption, and higher signal intensity than traditional fluorescent probes, making them promising candidates for in vivo imaging applications.In 2007, Cheng and collaborators investigated the photothermal effects of gold nanorods on tumor cells and established that plasmon-resonant gold nanorods, with carefully modified surface chemistry, have the potential for use in image-guided therapies based on localized hyperthermia at low laser fluences.", "His 2009 work highlighted the versatility of gold nanorods in the biomedical field, emphasizing their unique optical properties, surface chemistry control, and potential for both imaging and therapeutic applications, particularly in the context of cancer treatment.", "In 2010, his team described in Nature Nanotechnology a membrane repair property of block co-polymer micelles and showed its effectiveness in repairing traumatic spinal cord injury." ], [ "Selected awards and honors", "2005 – Seed of Success, Purdue University2010 – Translational Research Award, Wallace H. Coulter Foundation 2011 – Early Career Research Award, Purdue University College of Engineering2015 – Craver Award, Coblentz Society 2016 – Purdue University Cancer Center Research Excellence Award2016 – Research Award, Purdue University College of Engineering 2018 – Translational research award, International Society for Optics and Photonics2019 – Ellis R. Lippincott Award from OSA, Society for Applied Spectroscopy2020 – Microscopy Today Innovation Award, Microscopy Today2020 – Pittsburgh Spectroscopy Award, the Spectroscopy Society of Pittsburgh2022 – Boston University Innovator of the Year, Boston University2024 – SPIE Biophotonics Technology Innovator Award, International Society for Optics and Photonics2024 – Charles Delisi Award, Boston University College of Engineering" ], [ "Bibliography", "===Books===''Mathematical Competition of Modelling'' (1996)''Coherent Raman Scattering Microscopy'' (2012) ISBN 9781439867655''Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy: Techniques and Applications'' (2021) ISBN 9780323851589" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "As Good as Dead (2022 film)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''As Good as Dead''''' is a 2022 Mexican action crime film written by Michael Jai White, directed by R. Ellis Frazier and starring White and Tom Berenger." ], [ "Plot" ], [ "Cast", "Michael Jai White as BryantTom Berenger as Sonny KilbaneLuca Oriel as OscarGuillermo Iván as HectorGabriela Quezada as Marisol" ], [ "Release", "The film was released in the United States in theaters and on VOD and digital on December 16, 2022." ], [ "Reception", "The film has a 71% rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on seven reviews.", "Alan Ng of ''Film Threat'' rated the film an 8 out of 10.Jennifer Green of Common Sense Media awarded the film two stars out of five." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", " *" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Grigor Mlitchetsi" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Grigor Mlichetsi''' (Skevratsi) (birth date unknown,-1215, Skevra, Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia) was an Armenian miniaturist and penman of the 12th-13th centuries, representative of the Skevra pen house of the Cilician school of miniatures." ], [ "Biography", "Grigor Mlichetsi also worked in the library of Mlichy and Rumkale.", "Kostandin and Vardan are known among his senior artist friends.", "The three of them illustrated the \"Gospel of Tigranakert\" in 1173 (the location of the manuscript is unknown).", "He illustrated five manuscripts in the years 1173–1215.He died in old age, leaving the illustration of the last Gospel (1215, New Julfa, Amenprakich Monastery, hand: JSP 546) unfinished.=== The Book of Lamentations ===Grigor Mlichetsi earned acclaim as a distinguished and lauded artist during his era.", "The historical and artistic significance of his work is notably exemplified in the meticulous craftsmanship evident in the altar ornaments, capital letters, textured border embellishments, and the four portraits of Narekatsi within Grigor Narekatsi's parchment manuscript titled \"The Tragedy of Matean\" (Matenadaran, manuscript No.", "1568).", "This particular masterpiece, commissioned by Nerses of Lambrona in 1173, stands as a testament to Mlichetsi's skill, capturing the essence of the artistic and cultural milieu of its time.", "In this parchment book, the altar decorations, nominal half altars and headdresses are made with great elegance and taste.", "The capital letters, fashioned as ornamental motifs reminiscent of cross stones, stand out for their noteworthy craftsmanship.", "The celebrated border decorations, displaying mastery in execution, further enhance the manuscript's artistic appeal.", "The manuscript is particularly valuable among Grigor Narekatsi's applicants.", "The artist wanted to create several aspects of Narekatsi with four images: a philosopher, a guard (prayer), a hermit, emphasizing his poetic image.=== The Gospel of Skevra ===\"Gospel of Skevra\" (1197, \"Gospel of Lviv\", until 1830 in Lviv) written by and illustrated by Grigor Mlichetsu, German Byzantine scholar G. Prinzig discovered it in 1993 in the archbishopric of the Polish city of Gniezno (the color copy is in the National Library of Armenia).", "In 1997, it was exhibited in the Metropolitan Museum (New York).The art of Grigor Mlichetsi became the XIII century.", "From the foundations of the development of Cilician miniature." ], [ "References" ], [ "Sources", "* Azaryan L., Cilician miniatures of the XII-XIII centuries, E., 1964.A." ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Psacasta" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Psacasta''''' is a genus of Palaearctic jewel or shield-backed bugs in the subfamily Eurygastrinae and typical of the tribe Psacastini; the genus was erected by Ernst Friedrich Germar in 1839." ], [ "Species", "The following are included in ''BioLib.cz'':;subgenus ''Cryptodontus'' # ''Psacasta neglecta'' # ''Psacasta tuberculata'' ;subgenus ''Psacasta'' # ''Psacasta cypria'' # ''Psacasta exanthematica'' # ''Psacasta granulata'' # ''Psacasta herculeana'' # ''Psacasta horvathi'' # ''Psacasta pallida'' # ''Psacasta simillima''" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "2024 IBU Junior Open European Championships" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''9th IBU Junior Open European Championships''' were held from 8 to 11 February 2024 in Jakuszyce, Poland." ], [ "Schedule", "''All times are local (UTC+1).''", "Date Time Event8 February 10:30 Women's 12.5 km individual 14:00 Men's 15 km individual10 February 10:30 Women's 7.5 km sprint 14:00 Men's 10 km sprint11 February 10:10 Women's 9 km mass start 60 12:00 Men's 12 km mass start 60" ], [ "Medal summary", "===Medal table======Men=== 15 km individual'' details'' 44:34.8(0+0+0+0) 44:36.4(0+0+0+0) 44:54.8(0+1+0+1) 10 km sprint'' details'' 32:16.3(0+1) 32:45.6(1+1) 33:04.7(1+0) 12 km mass start 60'' details'' 39:13.6(0+2+1+1) 39:33.3(1+0+2+0) 39:54.6(2+1+0+0)===Women=== 12.5 km individual'' details'' 39:56.1(0+0+0+0) 43:07.2(1+1+0+0) 43:35.6(0+0+1+0) 7.5 km sprint'' details'' 26:52.1(0+1) 27:08.0(1+0) 27:14.1(1+2) 9 km mass start 60'' details'' 28:46.3(1+0+0+2) 29:11.2(0+1+0+0) 29:32.4(0+1+0+2)=== Mixed === ''Cancelled due to weather conditions'' 4 × 7.5 km M+W relay" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Vopytny" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Vopytny''' (; ) is a settlement in Minsk District, Minsk Region, Belarus.", "It is administratively part of Barawlyany selsoviet.", "It is located about from the Minsk Ring Road, north of the capital Minsk.", "In 2010, it had a population of 368." ], [ "History", "In 2021, Belarusian president Alexander Lukashenko suggested to merge Vopytny with the neighboring settlements of Barawlyany, Lyasny, and Lyeskawka into a city with a population of about 70,000, but soon the idea was abandoned." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "IBL Foreign Player of the Year" ], [ "Introduction", "Brandone Francis won the award in 2023The '''IBL Foreign Player of the Year Award''', is an annual Indonesian Basketball League award given since the 2017 season.", "It is awarded to the league's best '''foreign'''/'''import''' player for his team." ], [ "Winners", "SeasonNameClubReferences2017 Gary Jacobs Jr.NSH Jakarta2018 David SeagersPacific Caesar Surabaya2019 Madarious GibbsSatya Wacana Salatiga2020 Mike GloverNSH Jakarta2021N/AN/A2022 Shavar NewkirkNSH Mountain Gold Timika2023 Brandone FrancisPrawira Harum Bandung" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Prince Mohammed bin Salman Stadium" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Prince Mohammed bin Salman Stadium''' is a multi-purpose stadium in Qiddiya, Saudi Arabia.", "One of the 2027 Asian Cup stadiums.", "The stadium has a capacity of 40,000 people." ], [ "Description", "Its opening will take place in 2027." ], [ "See also", "* List of things named after Saudi Kings* List of football stadiums in Saudi Arabia" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Bielefeld Challenger" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Bielefeld Challenger''' or '''ATP Challenger Bielefeld''' was a men's clay court tennis tournament founded in 1907 as combined event called the '''Bielefeld Tennis Tournament'''.In 1949 the tournament was branded as the '''Bielefeld International Tennis Tournament''' until 1981.The tournament was first played at the Bielefeld Tennis Tournament Club (BTTC), then later at the Bielefeld Tennis Club Games and Sports, Bielefeld, Germany until 2004." ], [ "History", "In 1905 the Bielefeld Tennis Tournament Club BTTC) was founded in 1905.In 1907 it established the Bielefeld Tennis Tournament that ran annually until just before World War II.", "In 1949 following the second world war the event was rebranded as the Bielefeld International Tennis Tournament, that ran annually as part of the ILTF World Circuit until 1970 when it was downgraded from the main worldwide tour.In 1973 the tournament was revived at a new venue the Bielefeld Tennis Club Games and Sports (Tennisclub Spiel und Sport Bielefeld) founded in 1909, and was part of the ILTF Independent Circuit until 1975.In 1976 the tournament became part of the German National Grand Prix Series (Deutsche Grand-Prix-Serie) until 1981 when it was discontinued again.", "In 1984 the event was revived as an ATP Challenger tournament played at the same venue, however this was not a permanent fixture in the tennis calendar as the tournament was held only for three more editions in 1991, 1998 and 2004 when it was abolished.", "Today an international tournament is currently being held back the original venue called International Westphalian Senior Tennis Championships." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Form (architecture)" ], [ "Introduction", "In architecture, '''form''' refers to a combination of external appearance, internal structure, and the unity of the design as a whole, an order created by the architect using space and mass." ], [ "External appearance", "Irregular shapes at the Berliner PhilharmonieThe external outline of a building includes its shape, size, color, and texture), as well as relational properties, like position, orientation, and visual inertia (appearance of concentration and stability).Architects are primarily concerned with the shapes of the building itself (contours, silhouettes), its openings (doors and windows), and enclosing planes (floor, walls, ceiling).Forms can have regular shape (stable, usually with an axis or plane of symmetry, like a triangle or pyramid), or irregular; the latter can sometimes be constructed by combining multiple forms (additive forms, composition) or removing one form from another (subtractive forms).Multiple forms can be organized in different ways:* in a line or along a circle;* as a regular grid;* as an irregular cluster;* in a star-like radial pattern." ], [ "Theories", "Multiple theories were suggested to explain the origination of forms.", "Gelernter considers them to be variations of five basic ideas:# A form is defined by its function (\"form follows function\").", "For building to be \"good\", it should fulfill the functional requirements imposed by external physical, social, and symbolic needs (for example, a theater should have unobstructed view of the stage for the spectators' seats).", "Each set of functions corresponds to an ideal form (that can be latent and still waiting for a thoughtful architect to find it);# A form is a product of the designer's creativity.", "An architect's intuition suggests a new form that eventually blossoms, this explains similarities between the buildings with disparate functions built by the same architect; # A form is dictated by the prevailing set of attitudes shared by the society, the Zeitgeist (\"Spirit of Age\");# A form is defined by the socioeconomic factors.", "Unlike the Spirit of Age theory, the externalities are more physical (e.g., methods production and distribution); # Architecture forms are timeless, the good ones cross the geographical, cultural, and temporal borders." ], [ "References" ], [ "Sources", "* *" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Razakar – Silent Genocide of Hyderabad" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Razakar – Silent Genocide Of Hyderabad''''' is a historic action-drama film releasing on March 1, 2024.Under the banner of Samarveer Creation LLP, the film is produced by Gudur Narayana Reddy and directed by Yata Satyanarayana.==Synopsis== The film depicts the struggle of the people of Hyderabad during the period when India gained independence on August 15, 1947.While the rest of India celebrated freedom, Hyderabad state remained under the control of the Nizam for another year.", "During this time, the common people faced oppression from both the Nizam's rule and the ruthless Rajakars.", "The movie narrates the atrocities committed by the Razakars with extreme fanaticism and the courageous acts of the heroes who fought against them.", "It also portrays the strategic efforts of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, known as the Iron Man of India, to liberate the Deccan region from the grip of the Nizam's regime." ], [ "Cast", "* Bobby Simha as Rajireddy * Tej Sapru as Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel* Makarand Deshpande as Nizam Mir-Osman-Ali Khan * Raj Arjun as Kasim Rajvi * Annusriya Tripathi as * Vedhika as Shanthavva * Anasuya Bharadwaj as Pochamma * Indraja as Chakali Ailamma * Prema as Anthamma * Thalaivasal Vijay as K. M. Munshi * Chandhu Nath Nair as Bheemireddy Narasimha Reddy * Tarak Ponnappa as Narayana Rao Pawar * Arav Choudary as Major General J.N.", "Choudary * John Vijay As Mir-Laik-Ali * Cheluva Raj As Baswa Manaiah" ], [ "Productions", "The film is Produced by Gudur Narayana Reddy B.com LLB, Directed and Story, Screenplay & Dialogue by Yata Satyanarayana, Executive Producer by Dr. Anjireddy Pothireddy.The lyrics are given by Rithes Rajwada, Background Score by Bheems Cicirleo, Cinematography by Kushender Ramesh Reddy and editing by Tammi Raju and Choreography by Shankar, Suchithra Chandra Bose, Swarna.The film has been shot at Ramoji Film City, Hyderabad and Various locations in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Telangana." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/razakar/* https://www.imdb.com/title/tt29224742* https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-details/razakar-the-silent-genocide-of-hyderabad/movieshow/106291570.cms" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Odontotarsus" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Odontotarsus''''' is a genus of mostly Palaearctic jewel or shield-backed bugs, that is typical of the subfamily Odontotarsinae and tribe Odontotarsini; it was erected by Laporte in 1833.Records of occurrence include southern Africa and mainland Europe.", "''Odontotarsus grammicus'' is one of the sunn pest species." ], [ "Species", "The following are included in ''BioLib.cz'':# ''Odontotarsus angustatus'' # ''Odontotarsus armiger'' # ''Odontotarsus callosus'' # ''Odontotarsus caudatus'' # ''Odontotarsus druryi'' # ''Odontotarsus freyi'' # ''Odontotarsus grammicus'' # ''Odontotarsus impictus'' # ''Odontotarsus intermedius'' # ''Odontotarsus latissimus'' # ''Odontotarsus obsoletus'' # ''Odontotarsus oculatus'' # ''Odontotarsus parvulus'' # ''Odontotarsus plicatulus'' # ''Odontotarsus purpureolineatus'' # ''Odontotarsus robustus'' # ''Odontotarsus rufescens''" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "List of ambassadors of India to Israel" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Indian Ambassador to Israel''' is the chief diplomatic representative of India to Israel, housed in Tel Aviv." ], [ "List of Indian Ambassadors to Israel", "List of Indian Ambassadors to Israel Name Entered office Left office Pradeep Kumar Singh 29 October 1992 1995 Shivshankar Menon 1995 1998 Ranjan Mathai 1998 2002 Raminder Singh Jassal 2002 2005 Arun Kumar Singh 2005 2008 Navtej Sarna 2008 2012 Jaideep Sarkar 2012 2016 Pavan Kapoor 2016 2019 Sanjeev Singla October 2019 ''Incumbent''" ], [ "External links", " Ambassadors to Israel" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Hyervyaty" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Hyervyaty''' (; ) is an agrotown in Astravyets District, Grodno Region, Belarus.", "It serves as the administrative center of Hyervyaty selsoviet.", "It is located from Astravyets and from Grodno.", "In 1996, it had a population of 586." ], [ "See also", "* Church of the Holy Trinity, Hyervyaty" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Jivan Palto" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Jivan Palto''''' is 1948 Indian Gujarati social drama film directed by Hiralal Doctor and Amritlal Thakar." ], [ "Plot", "The plot is based on Gandhian principles and the upliftment of the fallen." ], [ "Cast", "The principal cast is as follows:* Nirupa Roy* Hasmukhkumar* Kalpana Kumari* KesharbaiSupporting cast include:* Kokila* Baburaje* Amubai* Saudamini* Shanti Madhok* Pandey* Niranjan* Shyam Sundar* Suryakant* Natwarlal Chauhan* Gangaram* Dinesh Padia* Leela Jayvant* Kamla* Madhu Pathak" ], [ "Soundtrack", "\"Garbo Ghumto Re Aavyo, Azadi Ne Aangan\" is a garba song celebrating the joy of independence of India.", "Brahmbhatt's song \"Rasjyoti Hati Tara Naynama, Mara Nayanona Aavi Samai Gai,\" originally written for a play but included in the film, became popular.", "\"Mara Khiliya Re Suman Keri Pankhadi, Aaj Sasariye Jay Mari Rankadi\" is a song of a bride's farewell.", "The marching song \"Ay Hind Teri Shaan Ka Chamka Hai Sitara\" describes the life of Mahatma Gandhi." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Zwycięzcy oceanu" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Zwycięzcy oceanu''''' (lit.", "''Winners of the Ocean'') is the debut travel-adventure and maritime novel for youth by Polish writer Władysław Umiński.", "It was first published in 1890 serialized in a magazine; it received a book edition from 1891.The novel has been subsequently reprinted several times and translated into Czech." ], [ "Release history", "The novel was first published in the illustrated magazine '''' in 1890 in installments (no.", "23–52), and then published as a book in 1891.By 1947, the book had received eight editions, including: 1900, 1941, 1943 and 1947.The novel was also translated into Czech (''Vítězové oceánu'', 1929).This was Umiński's first novel; he wrote it when he was 19 years old." ], [ "Plot", "The book tells the story of two initially quarreling sailors (the younger one, named Elski, is Polish, the older one is an American, Lieutenant Ebb) in a canoe in the Pacific Ocean.", "The two are engaged in a sports duel and there is also a theme of competition between English and American teams." ], [ "Analysis", "Like many works of Umiński, the novel is considered to be inspired by the works of Jules Verne.", "The novel also patriotically presents the motif of the \"brave Pole abroad\".As Umiński was also an educator, the book also contains numerous information about natural phenomena in the Pacific Ocean.In the interwar period, c. 1929, the book was reviewed by the Polish Commission for the Assessment of Books for Reading for School Youth.", "The reviewer wrote that \"the characters are likeable\", although the antagonist of the novel, \"the Englishman Morton, a rich man bored and looking for strong thrills, is critically presented at the beginning... but he also changes in the end.\"", "In the summary of the review it was written that \"despite the improbability of some adventures, the book can be read with interest, and the bravery of the characters is admirable.\"", "The book, described as \"robustly published but poorly illustrated\", was designated as \"recommended\" for children aged 11–14." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Belgaum I Assembly constituency" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Belgaum I''' was one of the vidhana sabha seats in the state assembly of Mysore, in India.", "It was part of Belagavi Lok Sabha constituency, which is adjacent to Chikkodi Lok Sabha constituency." ], [ "Member of Assembly", "=== Bombay State ===* 1952: See Belagavi Rural Assembly constituency=== Mysore State ===* 1957: Vithal Seetaram Patil (Peasants and Workers Party of India)* 1962: Vithal Seetaram Patil (Maharashtra Ekikaran Samiti)* 1967 onwards: See Uchagaon" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Géza Steinhardt" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Géza Steinhardt''' (né '''Géza Szekeres'''; 1873–1944), was a Hungarian stage and film actor, theater director, film producer, screenplay writer, and author.", "He was a Jewish and known for his comic roles.", "Steinhardt was murdered in The Holocaust during World War II." ], [ "Biography", "Steinhardt house, built in 1907 by architect in Erzsébetváros, BudapestGéza Steinhardt was born with the name Géza Szekeres on 1873 in Levice, Austria-Hungary (now Slovakia).", "Some records have his name at birth as Géza Goldstein.", "He began his career in 1890 at the ''Folies Caprices'', where he partnered with actor Sándor Rott and he remained for 18 years.", "In 1908, he opened the Trocadero amusement park () on Rákóczi Avenue, which he operated until 1917.He enlisted as a soldier in 1917, during World War I.", "Between September 1918 and 1927, he led the \"Little Comedy Theater\" (''Kis Komédia'') together with Rott.", "From 1930 until 1932, he operated the ''Steinhardt Stage'' ().", "Over time he switched from German-language performances to Hungarian-language only.", "and created great popularity for the genre.", "His authored books include: (1935); and (1942).During either November, or December of 1944, the Arrow Cross Party, a far-right facist Hungarian ultranationalist party, marched him and his wife to the edge of the Danube River, where they were shot and pushed into the water." ], [ "Filmography", "=== As actor ===* ''Dódi karrierje'' (1915)* ''Link és Flink'' (1927), as Léha Dezsõ, Dódi=== As producer ===* ''Prisoner Number Seven'' (1929)=== As writer ===* ''Dódi karrierje'' (1915)" ], [ "See also", "* Shoes on the Danube Bank" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Indonesia–Monaco relations" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Indonesia–Monaco relations''' refer to foreign relations between the Republic of Indonesia and the Principality of Monaco.", "Due to the resemblance of the colors red and white on their flags, the Monégasque government asked Indonesia to modify its flag during the International Hydrographic Congress on 29 April 1952.Ultimately, Monaco and Indonesia came to an agreement by defining the proportions of their flags differently from one another.", "Monaco's is 4:5, while Indonesia's is 2:3.The two nations are members of the United Nations." ], [ "History", "Initially, because the colors of the flags of these two nations were similar, Monaco refused to acknowledge Indonesia's independence.", "Monaco claims that the ripping of the Dutch flag is what gave Indonesia's flag its red and white colors.", "Soon after, Monaco learned that the red and white colors on the Indonesian flag had existed long before this united state was established.", "In fact, the red and white had been used during the Majapahit kingdom, which ruled over Indonesia from 1292 to 1527 AD.On 17 December 2010, H.E.", "Rezlan Ishar Jenie, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Indonesia, submitted his credentials to Prince Albert II at the Indonesian Embassy in Paris, accompanied by Military Attaché Mr. Ricky F. Winowatan.", "This marked the official establishment of diplomatic relations between the two nations.", "Prior to the formalization of relations however, Prince Albert II has traveled to Indonesia on two private visits: from 11 to 13 November 1997, and from 2 to 10 December 2007, when he went to Nias Island to examine new housing for the area devastated by the 2004 tsunami.", "The \"Siberut Conversation Project\" for the local Siberut-Nias monkey was also visited by the Prince.", "The two NGOs \"Act for Nature\" and \"Monaco Asie\" coordinated the gathering.In an effort to deepen and expand bilateral ties between the two nations, Ambassador Hotmangaradja Pandjaitan appointed Mr. Mahmouod Al-Abood as Indonesia's Honorary Consul for Monaco on 26 July 2017.The vice minister of Indonesia, Ambassador A.M. Fachir, met with Mr. Serge Telle, the head of administration for Monaco, on 2 December 2017, in Monaco.", "During their meeting, Ambassador Fachir gave a presentation on the country's various regional efforts and initiatives, including those related to the South China Sea, Myanmar, and lowering tensions on the Korean peninsula.", "Monaco, meanwhile, recognized and wholeheartedly endorsed Indonesia's critical role in fostering regional stability and upholding global peace.", "Both parties concurred throughout the conversation on the significance of international cooperation in advancing environmental and marine challenges.A letter of intent between the Monaco Scientific Center and the Indonesian Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries was signed on 6 December 2018, during the International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI) General Meeting by Mr. Patrick Rampal, Chairman of the Monaco Scientific Center, and Mr. Brahmantya Satyamurti Poerwadi, Director General of Marine Spatial Management (Indonesia).", "This agreement is being signed in response to the bilateral meeting that took place in Bali on October 29 between H.S.H.", "the Sovereign Prince and the President of the Republic of Indonesia.On 17 May 2022, at the Prince's Palace of Monaco, H.E.", "Mr. Oemar gave Prince Albert II of Monaco a presentation of his credentials.", "Prince Albert II received a pledge from the Indonesian Ambassador to enhance future bilateral ties between Monaco and Indonesia.", "The creative economy, finance and banking, tourism, culture, and sports between Monaco and Indonesia are a few possible areas of focus." ], [ "Trade", "Trade between Indonesia and Monaco increased from $579,1 thousand in 2015 to over $867 thousand in 2016.With a surplus of around $127,7 thousand, Indonesia's export balance was approximately $528,2 thousand.", "Pulp and paper, processed wood, textiles, leather, steel, machinery, and auto spare parts were among the goods exported by Indonesia to Monaco.Monaco saw $5,521 billion in foreign investment in 2017, up from $4,104 billion and $4,102 billion in 2016 and 2015, respectively.", "Real estate, insurance, and finance are some of Monaco's top investment sectors." ], [ "Diplomatic missions", "Indonesia has no diplomatic presence in Monaco.", "Instead, its embassy in Paris is accredited to Monaco.", "However, Indonesia maintains an honorary consulate in Monaco.", "Monaco maintains an honorary consulate in Jakarta." ], [ "See also", "Foreign relations of IndonesiaForeign relations of MonacoFlag of BohemiaFlag of Hesse*Flag of Poland" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Dinha do Acarajé" ], [ "Introduction", "''Acarajé da Dinha'' in 2012'''Lindinalva de Assis''', better known as '''Dinha do Acarajé''' (1951 – 2008), was the most famous maker in the Brazilian state of Bahia of the delicacy known as ''acarajé'', a food of African origin made in Salvador da Bahia from cowpeas or beans and other ingredients, and fried in palm oil.", "It is served as a street food and also offered to the Gods in the Candomblé religion." ], [ "Early life", "Dinha was born in Salvador on 20 May 1951.Her mother, Rute de Assis, died when she was four and she was then raised by her grandmother Ubaldina de Assis.", "Her grandmother was a pioneer in the art of ''acarajé'' who first established a kiosk to sell the snack in Largo de Santana in the bohemian Rio Vermelho neighbourhood of Salvador in around 1944.At the age of seven Dinha began to learn from her grandmother how to produce ''acarajé''." ], [ "Popularity", "She sold ''acarajé'' from the age of ten.", "Her kiosk in Largo de Santana, known as ''Acarajé da Dinha'', eventually became so popular that the Largo de Santana became known as the ''Largo da Dinha''.", "In a state where there are believed to be around 3,000 women selling ''acarajé'', she was credited with cooking the best and was called the \"sovereign of Bahia\" in an article in Folha de S.Paulo.", "In this article she was portrayed by journalist William Vieira: \"She always wore a white lace dress, orixá beads running down her neck and her full lips painted and open in an all-white smile\".", "Her tables were frequented by many national celebrities, including the singers Chico Buarque, Dorival Caymmi, Daniela Mercury, Jorge Benjor and Moraes Moreira, the motor-racing drivers Ayrton Senna Rubens Barrichello and Emerson Fittipaldi, the authors Jorge Amado and Zélia Gattai, the television presenter Chacrinha, and the actress and comedian Dercy Gonçalves.She visited Argentina, Paraguay, Portugal, Spain, Italy, Switzerland, and France.", "In 1997 she was taken as a representative of Bahian cuisine to Monaco where she stayed for ten days and served the Monegasque royal family.", "In 1998, she fought what became known as the \"''acarajé'' war\" with another cook, Regina dos Santos Pereira, dividing the opinion of Bahians.", "Pereira normally had a spot in the Graça neighbourhood but, that year, she decided to set-up about a hundred metres from her competitor, thus generating the dispute.", "In 1999, with continuing success, Dinha opened a formal restaurant called \"Casa da Dinha\", which also became a meeting point for intellectuals and tourists.According to her biographer, Ubaldo Marques Porto Filho, Dinha was one of the main defenders of Bahian ''acarajé'', and made a major contribution to it being listed by the National Institute of Historic and Artistic Heritage (IPHAN) as a Brazilian cultural heritage." ], [ "Death", "Dinha was admitted to the ''Hospital Aliança'' in Salvador with respiratory failure and, after six days there, she was discharged.", "However, on arriving home she had a relapse that took her back to the hospital where she died in the early hours of 16 May 2008.She had previously suffered from diabetes and hypertension.After her death, her daughter, Cláudia de Assis, took over the ''acarajé'' kiosk, while her son, Edvaldo, took over the restaurant.", "In 2016, Cláudia also died, from lung cancer.", "Both mother and daughter were buried in the ''Jardim da Saudade'' cemetery of Salvador.", "Her younger daughter, Elaine, has continued the family tradition." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "2023 Empire Slovak Open – Doubles" ], [ "Introduction", "Anna Blinkova and Xenia Knoll were the defending champions but chose not to participate.Amina Anshba and Anastasia Dețiuc won the title, defeating Estelle Cascino and Suzan Lamens in the final, 6–3, 4–6, 10–4." ], [ "Seeds" ], [ "Draw" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Main Draw" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Belgaum II Assembly constituency" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Belgaum II''' was one of the vidhana sabha seats in the state assembly of Mysore, in India.", "It was part of Belagavi Lok Sabha constituency, which is adjacent to Chikkodi Lok Sabha constituency." ], [ "Member of Assembly", "=== Bombay State ===* 1952: See Belagavi Rural Assembly constituency=== Mysore State ===* 1957: Samaji Nagendra Omana (Peasants and Workers Party of India)* 1962: Nagendra Omanna Samaji (Maharashtra Ekikaran Samiti)* 1967 onwards: See Hire Bagewadi" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Lyeskawka" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Lyeskawka''' (; ) is a village in Minsk District, Minsk Region, Belarus.", "It is administratively part of Barawlyany selsoviet.", "It is located about from the Minsk Ring Road, north of the capital Minsk.", "In 2010, it had a population of 1,643." ], [ "History", "In 2021, Belarusian president Alexander Lukashenko suggested to merge Lyeskawka with the neighboring settlements of Barawlyany, Lyasny, and Vopytny into a city with a population of about 70,000, but soon the idea was abandoned." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "2024 MRF Formula 2000 season" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''2024 MRF Formula 2000 season''' is the tenth running of the Formula 2000-level single-seater championship in India previously known as the MRF Challenge.", "This is the third season of the championship restarted in 2022 without support of the FIA and simply called MRF Formula 2000, with the field consisting of domestic drivers rather than foreign racers competing over the European and Northern American off-season.The season began on 17 February 2024 and will be run over five weekends until September 2024." ], [ "Drivers", "The following drivers, all of them Indian-registered, contest the championship:DriverRounds5Jaden Rahman16Chetan Surineni180Tarun Muthiaiah1Source:" ], [ "Race calendar and results", "Like in the seasons before, the calendar consists only of races held at Madras Motor Race Track.", "While 2023 saw two championships held, one from late 2022 to early 2023 and one in the later months of 2023, 2024 is currently scheduled to see one longer, continuous championship.", "Round Circuit DatePole positionFastest lapWinning driver Support bill1 1 Madras Motor Race Track, Chennai 17 FebruaryJaden RahmanJaden RahmanChetan Surineni ''Indian Touring Car National ChampionshipIndian Junior Touring Car National ChampionshipMRF SaloonsFormula LGB 1300'' R218 FebruaryJaden RahmanJaden Rahman R3Jaden RahmanJaden Rahman 2R1 23–25 February ''Indian Touring Car National ChampionshipIndian Junior Touring Car National Championship'' R2 R3 3 R1 19–21 July ''Indian Touring Car National ChampionshipIndian Junior Touring Car National Championship'' R2 R34R116–18 August''Indian Touring Car National ChampionshipIndian Junior Touring Car National Championship''R2R35R120–22 SeptemberR2R3" ], [ "Championship standings", "; Scoring systemPosition1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10thPoints251815121086421DriverCHE1CHE2CHE3CHE4CHE5Points1Jaden Rahman'''''2'''''''1''''1''682Chetan Surineni122613Tarun Muthiaiah33345DriverCHE1CHE2CHE3CHE4CHE5Points" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Alex Heckler" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Alexander P. Heckler''' is an American attorney, political fundraiser and philanthropist." ], [ "Early life and education", "Alexander (Alex) Patrick Heckler was born in New Jersey.", "He majored in politics at Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts, where his main focus of interest was media influence on politics.", "He attended law school at the University of Miami." ], [ "Career", "===Law===In 1996, Heckler was an intern at the White House under President Bill Clinton with Press Secretary Mike McCurry.", "In 1998, during his first year of law studies, he was hired by the lobbying firm Verner Liipfert.", "He worked for Greenberg Traurig as a land-use lawyer in the early 2000s and then Shutts & Bowen from 2007.In 2010, he founded LSN Partners, a bipartisan consulting firm, (LSN stands for Local, State, National) which has offices in Miami, Fort Lauderdale, Tallahassee and Washington, D.C. Later, he also founded LSN Law, PA, specializing in land use and public procurement.Hecker said in a 2021 interview that he \"has always been interested in government and politics\".", "He also said that when interning for Senator Ted Kennedy in Boston, he answered a call from a terrified elderly woman whose heat had been turned off during a blizzard.", "He said, \"When I called the gas company and explained the situation, her gas was turned back on immediately.", "We literally saved her from freezing to death.\"", "This led to his eventual focus on public service and advocacy.===Political fundraising===Heckler's fundraising efforts for the Democratic Party and Democratic Party candidates began on the eve of the 2004 US elections.", "Since that time, Heckler has supported numerous Democratic candidates, including Senator John Kerry, President Barack Obama, President Bill Clinton, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, Speaker Nancy Pelosi, President Joe Biden and Vice President Kamala Harris.", "In 2007, he was reported to be among “the most prolific fundraisers” for Senator Kerry and listed as one of Hillary Clinton's most important “bundlers.”In 2016, Heckler hosted a fundraising event for Clinton at his Miami beach home.=== Political leadership roles ===In 2014, Heckler was named Chair of the Governor's Cabinet of the Democratic Governors Association (DGA) after serving as treasurer in 2010 and holding executive positions for five years.In 2020, Heckler was a member of Biden's national finance committee, which backed Kamala Harris as a running mate.", "Since 2024, he has been deputy national finance chair for the Democratic National Committee and Biden Victory Fund." ], [ "Philanthropy and community service", "In 2013, Heckler and his wife launched the Heckler Family/Governor Ann Richards Summer Political Internship Program at Brandeis University, awarded to a student seeking a professional career in public service.Heckler took part in the 2020 United States Conference of Mayors.In May 2023, President Joe Biden appointed Heckler to the United States Holocaust Memorial Council.", "Heckler sits on the executive board of Beyond Differences, a non-profit that promotes inclusivity, and the Young Presidents' Organization." ], [ "Awards and recognition", "Hecker was named one of the “100 Most Influential People in Florida Politics” by ''Influence'' magazine in 2021, 2022 and 2023, and one of the 500 “Most Influential Business Leaders\" by ''Florida Trend'' in 2023." ], [ "Personal life", "Heckler is married to Tiffany Zeintz, with whom he has two children.", "He is a resident of Miami Beach.", "Heckler's stepfather is Franklin Sands, a former Democratic leader of the Florida House of Representatives.Heckler is Jewish and supports pro-Israel and Zionist organizations." ], [ "See also", "*Campaign finance in the United States" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Vyacheslav Polonsky" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Vyacheslav Pavlovich Polonsky''' (June 23, 1886 – February 24, 1932) was a Russian literary critic, journalist and historian who was active in the Soviet Union in the 1920s up to his death in 1932.He was particularly involved in a controversy over competing accounts of the life of Mikhail Bakunin.An abbreviated version of his essay \"Lenin's views of art and culture\" was published by Max Eastman in his book ''Artists in Uniform: a Study of Literature and Bureaucratism'' published in 1934." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Justine Emmanuel" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Justine Ojoka Emmanuel''' (born 3 April 2003) is a Nigerian footballer who plays as a forward for Indian Super League club Kerala Blasters." ], [ "Club career", "===Kerala Blasters===Emmanuel was initially scouted by Karolis Skinkys, sporting director of Indian Super League club Kerala Blasters in Nigeria.", "In July 2023, he joined the club on trial.", "On 9 August, he was included in the Kerala Blasters squad for the 2023 Durand Cup.", "He made his competitive debut on 13 August and scored in a 3–4 defeat against Gokulam Kerala in the Durand Cup.====Loan to Gokulam Kerala====On 1 September 2023, Kerala Blasters announced that Emmanuel had been loaned out to I-League club Gokulam Kerala on a season-long deal.", "On 8 December he made his debut for Gokulam in a 1–1 draw against Mohammedan SC in the I-League.", "On 5 November, he scored his first league goal in a 4–1 win over NEROCA.Following the injury of Kwame Peprah mid-season, Kerala Blasters have recalled Emmanuel back from loan for the second half of the 2023–24 season.", "He made his ISL debut on 2 February 2024, as a 65th-minute substitute in a 2–1 defeat against Odisha FC." ], [ "International career", "He was part of the Nigeria national under-20 team camp for the 2023 U-20 Africa Cup of Nations." ], [ "Career statistics", "===Club===+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competitionClubSeasonLeagueNational cupOtherTotalDivisionAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoals Kerala Blasters2023–24Indian Super League10003242Gokulam Kerala2023–24I-League813000111Career total913032153" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* * * Justine Emmanuel at Indian Super League" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Kibe Clan" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Kibe Clan''' is among the many clans in Buganda Kingdom.", "Kibe is a Luganda name which means fox.", "The Kibe Clan existed during the reign of King Kintu.", "The Head of the Clan is called Muyige.", "The Clan seat for Muyige is found at Wantaayi in Kyaggwe(Present Mukono District).", "The Kibe Clan people first settled in Busujju before they went to Kyaggwe." ], [ "Origin", "Once upon a time, King Jjuuko ordered his young brother Prince Kayemba to go and conquer the Buvuma territory.", "Prince Kayemba went with many Kibe Clan members to fight for the territory of Buvuma.", "After successfully conquering Buvuma, some of his men from the Kibe Clan settled there.", "From Buvuma, some members then moved to Busoga.", "When Prince Kayemba returned to Buganda from Buvuma, many of the Kibe Clan members returned with him.", "They arrived at the Harbour Kigaya and it is from here that they were able to acquire land on the hills surrounding Harbour-Kiyaga and in the village of Makindu.", "They got land in Buikwe too as well as its surrounding and other places such as Buzaana and Bugolo.Kibe Clan became prominent during the reign of Kabaka Ssemakookiro who ruled between 1779-1794." ], [ "Main role", "The Kibe Clan was given the role of \"''Obasenero bw'omwenge gwa Kabaka''\" meaning \"Chief brewers to the King(Kabaka)\" They got this title from the Nvuma Clan.", "They received this role during the reign of King Ssemakokiro." ], [ "Origin of the Main role", "There was a man called Kyasanku who belonged to the Kibe Clan, he went to live with Prince Ssemakokiro when he was living in Nnamwezi in Kyaggwe(currently Mukono District).", "This was where the Prince was preparing his men to attack his brother Kabaka Jjunju.", "Kyasanku was a member of Ssemakokiro's army, so on their way to fight Kabaka Jjunju, Prince Ssemakokiro asked Kyasanku to give him some brew.", "By then, Kyasanku had thought of the idea of drinking brew with a stick which was hollow(''Oluseke'').", "This led to the Prince asking Kyasanku what had happened to the brew which had a stick in it.", "He asked,\"''Omwenge gwange gw'osimbyemu Oluti gubade ki?''\"", "which simply means,\"What has happened to my brew in which you have put a stick(''Oluti'')?\"", "Kyasanku replied saying,\"''Oluti olwo lujja kukunywesa bulungi omwenge nga teguyinza na kukuyiikira''.\"", "simply meaning ,\"The stick(''oluti'') will enable you drink your brew properly and it cannot spill on you.\"", "The Prince then decided to use the stick and realised the drink was flowing well and using the stick was more comfortable and convinient for him.", "So, from that time on, whenever he wanted a drink,he would ask Kyasanku to bring him brew together with the stick.", "That is when the Prince started calling Kyasanku,\"Sseruti, ndeteera ku mwenge gwange nyweeko\" meaning, \"Sseruti, bring my brew so that I can drink.\"", "That is how Kyasanku got to be nicknamed Sseruti.", "Sseruti comes from the word ''Oluti'' which means stick.", "The picture shows a fox which represents the ''Kibe Clan'' totem of the Buganda Kingdom.After Prince Ssemakokiro fighting and defeating his big brother Jjunju, he removed the duty of Chief brewers from the Nvuma Clan and gave the duty to Sseruti who discovered the way of drinking brew with a stick(Oluseke-Oluti)." ], [ "Clan Information", "+ClanInformationClan (Ekika)KibeTotem (Akabiro)MpiriClan Head (Omutaka)MuyigeClan Seat (Obutaka)Buluutwe, KyaggweSlogan (Omubala)Kibe Kibe: Kimaze okulya, kyekubye ensiko, Kyasanku bakuzaala wa ?", "Wambogwe,Kabaka bwanywa anywa nvuba, Muyige bwakwana gw'akwana amalirira, Muyige waddalu waddalu." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Tsuwamonogatari" ], [ "Introduction", " is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by .", "It started in Kodansha's manga magazine ''Weekly Young Magazine'' in November 2021.It finished in the magazine in November 2022; it was transferred to the ''YanMaga Web'' website and app in that same day, and finished in June 2023.Its chapters have been collected in eight as of September 2023." ], [ "Premise", "The story takes place in 1864 at the end of the Edo period, one evening at the Shinsengumi camp the members of the Shinsengumi were having a lively drink, In an atmosphere of swordsmanship that could easily lead to a serious sword fight if alcohol were involved, Kondo proposed to Zao a discussion about who is the strongest swordsman in the country.", "when it was time to talk about the strongest opponent the Shinsengumi had ever defeated, it was Okita, who had arrived late, started the conversation and the name he mentioned was Kazu." ], [ "Characters", "; : Assistant to the Shinsengumi Vice-Chief.", "Tennen Rishin style.", "He respects Isamu Kondo as his teacher.", "; : Director of Shinsengumi.", "Fourth generation head of Tennen Rishin-ryu.", "He proposes that he gather his friends and talk about who is the strongest assassin.", "; :Deputy leader of the Shinsengumi.", "Tennen Rishin style.", "Although he was born as a peasant, he became a samurai through his own talent.", "He will face off against Sakamoto, who has completely opposite ideas.", "; :Born in Tosa.", "Although he was born as a samurai, he abandoned his status as a samurai and worked hard to bring Japan closer to a modern nation.", "He confronts Hijikata, who lives the exact opposite way.", "; :Deputy leader of the Shinsengumi.", "Hokushin Itto-ryu.", "he was present when Okita and Serizawa fought each other and witnessed their strength.", "; :The first head of the Shinsengumi.", "He is Shinto Munen-ryu.", "Due to his domineering and careless behavior, the Shinsengumi's reputation deteriorated, leading to him being assassinated and clashing with Okita.", "; :Shinsengumi's Kirikomi captain and later the head of the 8th division.", "He became fascinated with Hokushin Itto-ryu, a practical style of swordsmanship, and became his student.", "He talks a lot, but he doesn't hesitate to cut people down.", "; :Leader of the Tosa Kinnoto Party.", "One sword style.", "He is a popular and politically skilled person, and the only person who understands Shinbei Tanaka, who does not show his emotions.", "I could tell that he was hiding something hot.", "; :Shinsengumi's strongest spear wielder.", "He learned the Taneda-ryu spear technique from Sanjuro Tani (later the head of Shinsengumi's 7th division), and then entered the Hozoin-ryu.", "Therefore, he called himself the Taneda Hozoin school.", "; :He is Shoin Yoshida's best disciple and one of the Four Heavenly Kings of Matsushita Sonjuku.", "He founded the Kiheitai in the Choshu domain.", "The most charismatic person from the end of the Edo period, who has the ability to pass the Yagyu Shinkage-ryu license." ], [ "Publication", "Written and illustrated by , ''Tsuwamonogatari'' started in Kodansha's manga magazine ''Weekly Young Magazine'' on November 29, 2021.It finished in the magazine on November 21, 2022, and moved to the ''YanMaga Web'' website and app in that same day.", "It finished on June 3, 2023.Kodansha has collected its chapters into individual volumes.", "The first volume was released on May 6, 2022.As of September 20, 2023, eight volumes have been released.===Volumes===" ], [ "See also", "" ], [ "Notes" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", " * *" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Australia at the 2024 World Aquatics Championships" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Australia''' competed at the 2024 World Aquatics Championships in Doha, Qatar from 2 to 18 February." ], [ "Medalists", " Medal Name Sport Event Date Alysha Koloi Diving Women's 1 metre springboard 2 February 2024 Moesha JohnsonChelsea GubeckaNicholas SlomanKyle Lee Open water swimming Team Relay 8 February 2024 Domonic BedggoodMaddison Keeney Diving Mixed synchronized 3 metre springboard 10 February 2024Rhiannan IfflandHigh divingWomen's high diving14 February 2024Samuel WilliamsonSwimmingMen's 50 metre breaststroke14 February 2024Isaac CooperSwimmingMen's 50 metre backstroke18 February 2024SwimmingWomen's 4 × 100 metre medley relay18 February 2024 Li Shixin Diving Men's 1 metre springboard 3 February 2024 Chelsea Gubecka Open water swimming Women's 5 km 7 February 2024 Maddison KeeneyAnabelle Smith Diving Women's synchronized 3 metre springboard 7 February 2024 Elijah Winnington Swimming Men's 400 metre freestyle 11 February 2024 Swimming Women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay 11 February 2024Iona AndersonSwimmingWomen's 100 metre backstroke13 February 2024Elijah WinningtonSwimmingMen's 800 metre freestyle14 February 2024SwimmingMixed 4 × 100 metre medley relay14 February 2024Iona AndersonSwimmingWomen's 50 metre backstroke15 February 2024Cameron McEvoySwimmingMen's 50 metre freestyle17 February 2024Jaclyn BarclaySwimmingWomen's 200 metre backstroke17 February 2024 Swimming Mixed 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay 17 February 2024 Cassiel RousseauMaddison KeeneyNikita HainsLi Shixin Diving Team event 2 February 2024Cameron McEvoySwimmingMen's 50 metre butterfly12 February 2024Brianna ThrossellSwimmingWomen's 200 metre freestyle14 February 2024SwimmingWomen's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay15 February 2024Shayna JackSwimmingWomen's 100 metre freestyle16 February 2024" ], [ "Athletes by discipline", "The following is the list of number of competitors participating at the Championships per discipline.SportMenWomenTotalArtistic swimming 01010Diving 6612High diving 134Open water swimming 448Swimming 7815Water polo 151530 Total334578*Maddy Gough competed in both open water swimming and pool swimming." ], [ "Artistic swimming", "Australia's artistic swimming team consisted of ten athletes (all women).", ";WomenAthleteEventPreliminariesFinalPointsRankPointsRank Carolyn BuckleKiera Gazzard Duet technical routine 211.1166 19 Did not advance Carolyn BuckleKiera Gazzard Duet free routine 161.2521 21 Did not advance;MixedAthleteEventPreliminariesFinalPointsRankPointsRank Carolyn BuckleNatalia CaloieroGeorgia Courage-GardinerKiera GazzardMargo Joseph-KuoAnastasia KusmawanZoe PoulisMilena Waldman Team acrobatic routine 172.9033 15 Did not advance Carolyn BuckleNatalia Caloiero Georgia Courage-Gardiner Kiera Gazzard Alessandra Ho Margo Joseph-KuoZoe PoulisMilena Waldman Team free routine 222.7791 10 '''Q''' 229.6751 10 Carolyn BuckleGeorgia Courage-Gardiner Raphaelle Gauthier Kiera Gazzard Margo Joseph-KuoAnastasia KusmawanZoe PoulisMilena Waldman Team technical routine 220.6945 9 '''Q''' 224.0447 8" ], [ "Diving", "Australia's diving team consisted of 12 athletes (6 men and 6 women).", ";MenAthleteEventPreliminariesSemifinalFinalPointsRankPointsRankPointsRank '''Li Shixin''' 1 m springboard 379.95 3 '''Q''' 395.70 Kurtis Mathews367.907 '''Q'''372.906Li Shixin 3 m springboard 389.55 8 '''Q''' 398.20 7 '''Q''' 406.4010Kurtis Mathews338.55=32Did not advance Jaxon Bowshire 10 m platform 357.35 21 Did not advance Sam FrickerKurtis Mathews 3 m synchronized springboard 311.61 20 Domonic BedggoodCassiel Rousseau 10 m synchronized platform 384.15 6;WomenAthleteEventPreliminariesSemifinalFinalPointsRankPointsRankPointsRank Brittany O'Brien 1 m springboard 194.10 32 Did not advance '''Alysha Koloi''' 240.00 6 '''Q''' 260.50 Maddison Keeney 3 m springboard 304.45 1 '''Q''' 294.80 5 '''Q''' 302.95 4 Alysha Koloi 276.20 9 '''Q''' 252.3014Did not advance Nikita Hains 10 m platform 223.60 35 Did not advance Melissa Wu 301.40 8 '''Q''' 293.708 '''Q'''267.1012 '''Maddison Keeney''''''Anabelle Smith''' 3 m synchronized springboard 300.45 Nikita HainsMelissa Wu10 m synchronized platform266.5810;MixedAthleteEventFinalPointsRank '''Domonic Bedggood''''''Maddison Keeney''' 3 m synchronized springboard 300.93 '''Cassiel Rousseau''''''Maddison Keeney''''''Nikita Hains''''''Li Shixin''' Team event 385.35" ], [ "High diving", "Australia's high diving team consisted of four athletes (one man and three women).", ";MenAthleteEventPointsRankZach Picton Men's high diving262.3519;;WomenAthleteEventPointsRank'''Rhiannan Iffland''' Women's high diving342.00Emily ChinnockDid not finishXantheia Pennisi291.955" ], [ "Open water swimming", "Australia's open water swimming team consisted of eight athletes (4 men and 4 women).", ";MenAthleteEventTimeRank Bailey Armstrong Men's 5 km 53:23.5 23 Robert Thorpe 51:59.1 16 Kyle Lee Men's 10 km 1:48:31.2 9 Nicholas Sloman 1:48:29.6 5;WomenAthleteEventTimeRank Bianca Crisp Women's 5 km 59:06.0 24 '''Chelsea Gubecka''' 57:35.0 Maddy GoughWomen's 10 km 1:57:51.7 18 Moesha Johnson 1:57:30.8 4;MixedAthleteEventTimeRank '''Moesha Johnson''''''Chelsea Gubecka''''''Nicholas Sloman''''''Kyle Lee''' Team relay 1:03:28.0" ], [ "Swimming", "Australia's swimming team consisted of 15 athletes (7 men and 8 women).", ";MenAthleteEventHeatSemifinalFinalTimeRankTimeRankTimeRank Isaac Cooper 50 m freestyle 21.86 7 '''Q''' 21.74 7 '''Q''' 21.77 5 '''Cameron McEvoy''' 21.13 1 '''Q''' 21.23 1 '''Q''' 21.45 Jack Cartwright 100 m freestyle49.0117Did not advance Kai Taylor48.8815 '''Q'''48.5013Did not advance Kai Taylor 200 m freestyle1:46.817 '''Q'''1:46.379Did not advance Elijah Winnington1:46.696 '''Q'''1:45.905 '''Q'''1:46.207 '''Elijah Winnington''' 400 m freestyle 3:44.37 1 '''Q''' 3:42.86 '''Elijah Winnington''' 800 m freestyle7:47.598 '''Q'''7:42.95 '''Isaac Cooper''' 50 m backstroke 24.75 4 '''Q''' 24.12 '''OC''' 1 '''Q''' 24.13 Bradley Woodward 25.41 18 Did not advance Bradley Woodward 100 m backstroke53.766 '''Q'''54.2016Did not advance Bradley Woodward 200 m backstroke1:58.268 '''Q'''1:57.5811Did not advance '''Samuel Williamson''' 50 m breaststroke26.693 '''Q'''26.41 '''OC'''1 '''Q'''26.32 '''OC''' Samuel Williamson 100 m breaststroke59.81=9 '''Q'''59.357 '''Q'''59.214 Isaac Cooper 50 m butterfly23.153 '''Q'''23.18=4 '''Q'''23.124 '''Cameron McEvoy'''23.197 '''Q'''23.216 '''Q'''23.08Bradley WoodwardSam WilliamsonKai TaylorJack Cartwright 4 × 100 m medley relay 3:35.55 9 Did not advance;WomenAthleteEventHeatSemifinalFinalTimeRankTimeRankTimeRank Shayna Jack 50 m freestyle 24.30 3 '''Q''' 24.44 4 '''Q''' 24.27 4 '''Shayna Jack''' 100 m freestyle53.501 '''Q'''53.164 '''Q'''52.83 Shayna Jack 200 m freestyle1:58.40=11 '''Q'''1:56.803 '''Q'''1:57.247 '''Brianna Throssell'''1:58.299 '''Q'''1:57.095 '''Q'''1:56.00 Kiah Melverton 400 m freestyle 4:10.61 12 Did not advance Maddy Gough 800 m freestyle 8:35.25 =8 '''Q''' 8:36.43 9 Kiah Melverton 8:35.22 7 '''Q''' 8:29.35 7 Maddy Gough 1500 m freestyle16:14.484 '''Q'''16:16.857 '''Iona Anderson''' 50 m backstroke28.024 '''Q'''27.511 '''Q'''27.45 Jaclyn Barclay28.3611 '''Q'''28.1711Did not advance '''Iona Anderson''' 100 m backstroke59.883 '''Q'''59.944 '''Q'''59.12 Jaclyn Barclay1:00.054 '''Q'''59.833 '''Q'''59.284 '''Jaclyn Barclay''' 200 m backstroke 2:10.82 2 '''Q''' 2:08.85 2 '''Q''' 2:07.03 Abbey Harkin 100 m breaststroke1:09.0125Did not advance Abbey Harkin 200 m breaststroke2:31.9322Did not advance Alexandria Perkins 50 m butterfly 25.89 5 '''Q''' 25.81 4 '''Q''' 25.85 6Brianna Throssell 26.04 9 '''Q''' 25.97 8 '''Q''' 25.96 8 Alexandria Perkins 100 m butterfly 58.10 6 '''Q''' 58.05 8 '''Q'''57.686 Brianna Throssell 57.78 4 '''Q''' 57.22 3 '''Q'''56.974 Kiah Melverton 400 m individual medley 4:53.82 19 Did not advance '''Brianna Throssell''''''Alexandria Perkins''''''Abbey Harkin''''''Shayna Jack'''Jaclyn Barclay (heat) 4 × 100 m freestyle relay 3:38.33 1 '''Q''' 3:36.93 '''Brianna Throssell''''''Shayna Jack''''''Abbey Harkin''''''Kiah Melverton'''Jaclyn Barclay (heat) 4 × 200 m freestyle relay7:58.197 '''Q'''7:51.41'''Iona Anderson''''''Abbey Harkin''''''Brianna Throssell''''''Shayna Jack'''Jaclyn Barclay (heat)Alexandria Perkins (heat) 4 × 100 m medley relay 4:00.09 3 '''Q'''3:55.98 ;MixedAthleteEventHeatSemifinalFinalTimeRankTimeRankTimeRank'''Kai Taylor''''''Jack Cartwright''''''Shayna Jack''''''Brianna Throssell'''Alexandria Perkins(heat)Abbey Harkin(heat) 4 × 100 m freestyle relay3:25.30 3 '''Q''' 3:21.78'''Bradley Woodward''''''Samuel Williamson''''''Brianna Throssell''''''Shayna Jack'''Alexandria Perkins (heat)Abbey Harkin (heat) 4 × 100 m medley relay3:45.542 '''Q'''3:43.12" ], [ "Water polo", ";SummaryTeamEventGroup stagePlayoffQuarterfinalSemifinalFinal / OppositionScoreOppositionScoreOppositionScoreRankOppositionScoreOppositionScoreOppositionScoreOppositionScoreRankMen's tournament '''L''' 8–13 '''W''' 29–7 '''L''' 9-15 3 '''QP''' '''L''' 8–11 '''L''' 10–16'''W''' 17–7 11Women's tournament '''W''' 32–1 '''W''' 13–6 '''L''' 9–13 2 '''QP''' '''W''' 20–8 '''L''' 9–10 '''W''' 10–8 '''L''' 8-10 6===Men's tournament===;Team roster;Group play--------;Playoffs;9–12th place semifinals;11th place game===Women's tournament===;Team roster;Group play--------;Playoffs;Quarterfinals;5–8th place semifinals;Fifth place game" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "2023 Open Villa de Madrid – Doubles" ], [ "Introduction", "Aliona Bolsova and Rebeka Masarova were the defending champions but chose not to participate.Mai Hontama and Eri Hozumi won the title, defeating Eleni Christofi and Despina Papamichail in the final, 6–0, 7–5." ], [ "Seeds" ], [ "Draw" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Main Draw" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Hilary Radner" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Hilary Ann Radner Fox''' is an American–New Zealand film and media studies academic, and is a professor emerita at the University of Otago.", "Radner researches representations of gender in visual culture." ], [ "Academic career", "Radner's father was American economist Roy Radner.", "Radner completed a Master of Arts at University of California at Berkeley, and a PhD titled ''Shopping around: locating feminine enunciation through textual practice'' at the University of Texas at Austin.", "Radner was appointed Foundation Chair of Film and Media Studies at the University of Otago in 2002, after having been an associate professor at the University of Notre Dame.", "Radner was appointed professor emerita at Otago in 2017.Radner's research covers feminist film and media studies, and representations of gender in visual culture.", "Besides film and television, she has written on topics including make-up, fashion photography and women's magazines, celebrity culture, and New Zealand fashion.", "In 2017 Radner and Vicki Karaminas edited a special issue of the journal ''Fashion Theory'' on the moving image and fashion.", "The issue contained papers from a two-day conference convened by Radner and Karaminas at Massey University in 2017, called \"The End of Fashion”." ], [ "Career outside academia", "In 2019, Radner founded RDS Art Gallery in Dunedin, along with Inge Doesburg and Marie Strauss.", "She now runs the gallery.In 2011, Radner and Natalie Smith curated New Zealand's first exhibition of NOMd garments and memorabilia from NOMd founder Margarita Robertson.", "The exhibition, titled ''Nomd: The Art of Fashion'', was held at the Eastern Southland Gallery in Gore, and contained more than 70 garments.Radner was a judge of the 2022 New Zealand Collarts Atom Awards." ], [ "Selected books", " * Radney, Hilary (2011).", "''Neo-Feminist Cinema: Girly Films, Chick Flicks and Consumer Culture''.", "New York: Routledge.", "240pp.", "* * Radner, Hilary.", "''The New Woman's Film''.", "New York: Routledge, 2017.210pp.", "*" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Alastor (disambiguation)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Alastor''' may refer to a number of people and concepts in Greek mythology.It may also refer to:" ], [ "Fictional", "* Alastor Cluster, a fictional setting in three of American writer Jack Vance's novels* Alastor Moody, a fictional character in the ''Harry Potter'' universe* Alastor (Hazbin Hotel), a fictional character in the adult animated series, ''Hazbin Hotel''" ], [ "Others", "* ''Alastor, or The Spirit of Solitude'', a 1815 poem by Percy Bysshe Shelley* ''Alastor'' (wasp), a genus of wasp* ''Alastor: Book of Angels Volume 21'', a 2014 album by violist and multi-instrumentalist Eyvind Kang" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "2nd Academy of Country and Western Music Awards" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''2nd Academy of Country and Western Music Awards''' ceremony was held on March 6, 1967, at The Beverly Hilton, Los Angeles, California.", "It was hosted by Lorne Greene.__TOC__" ], [ "Winners and nominees", "Winners are shown in '''bold'''.Top Female Vocalist of the YearTop Male Vocalist of the Year* '''Bonnie Guitar''' Kay Adams Molly Bee Jonie Mosby Bonnie Owens* '''Merle Haggard''' Glen Campbell Roger Miller Buck Owens Wynn Stewart** Tex WilliamsTop Vocal Group of the YearSong of the Year* '''Bonnie Owens''' '''and''' '''Merle Haggard''' The Canadian Sweethearts Everly Brothers Joe and Rose Lee Maphis Johnny and Jonie Mosby* '''\"Apartment No.", "9\"''' ''—'' '''Fern Foley''', '''Charles \"Fuzzy\" Owen''', '''Johnny Paycheck''' \"The Bottle Let Me Down\" ''—'' Merle Haggard \"Husbands and Wives\" ''—'' Roger Miller \"Swinging Doors\" ''—'' Merle Haggard \"Terrible Tangled Web\" ''—'' Billy Mize** \"Waitin' in Your Welfare Line\" ''—'' Buck Owens, Don Rich and Nat StuckeyMost Promising Male VocalistMost Promising Female Vocalist* '''Billy Mize''' Bobby Austin Dick Curless Eddy Downs Glen Garrison Jerry Inman Red Simpson* '''Cathie Taylor''' Jeanne Black Faye Hardin Betty Foster Alice ReneBand Leader/Band of the Year* '''The Buckaroos''' Carl Cotner Jerry Inman The Strangers The Tennesseans" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "New Zealand Police Museum" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''New Zealand Police Museum''' is a museum of the New Zealand Police that is located on the campus of the Royal New Zealand Police College.", "It was started in 1908 and made accessible to the public in 1996." ], [ "History", "The New Zealand Police Museum was started in 1908 and was modelled after the Black Museum in Scotland Yard, now known as the Crime Museum.", "In 1996 the collection was made accessible to the public." ], [ "Collection", "The museum has various collections, including weapons, mugshots, and old police cars, such as a 1919 Ford Model TT, and a 1988 Mitsubishi V3000.It also has the George Medal of Eva Helen Dickson, who was the first woman to receive the medal.", "For about six months in 2012 the museum featured an exhibition to remember Gerald Wade, a police officer who was shot 100 years prior in the 1912 Waihi miners' strike." ], [ "References" ], [ "Further reading", "" ], [ "External links", " New Zealand Police Museum home-page" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Tat Tak School" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Tat Tak School''' () was a public primary school in Ping Shan, Hong Kong.", "Founded in 1931 to educate children in the villages, Tat Tak School relocated to the new building in 1965 until its closure in 1998.It is now the most well-known haunted school in the city." ], [ "History", "Tat Tak School was established in February 1931 by the Tangs of Ping Shan and philanthropists.", "First housed in , it is as one of the New Territories' first educational institutions.", "Classes were suspended during the Japanese occupation.", "After it resumed in 1943 at , the school moved back to the ancestral hall a year later.", "As enrollment grew, the school occupied the adjacent , a former study hall which once offered lessons until Tat Tak School established, in early 1950s to accommodate new students.Nonetheless, with over 700 students, the old ancestral hall was no longer meeting the demand of space, and thus a new campus was built funded by the Tangs.", "Upon the completion of construction in 1965, Tat Tak School relocated to the new site.", "The two-storey new main building is in U-shape, with the hall at the centre and classrooms in the other two wings.", "The surrounded open area is a basketball court and trees were planted around the school.", "In 1975 the school had at least 700 students and more than 20 teaching staff, making it the largest primary school in Yuen Long District.Due to declining enrollment, Tat Tak School closed in 1998.The site has been abandoned since then, with authorities locking the school gate.File:愈喬二公祠.JPG\|Yu Kiu Ancestral Hall(used in 1930s)File:Tat Tak Communal Hall 20240205 03.jpg\|Tat Tak Communal Hall(used in 1945)File:Ng Kwai Tong 02.jpg\|Ng Kwai Tong(used in 1950s)" ], [ "Haunted site", "Surrounded by graves visible on the road leading to the derelict site, Tat Tak School has been the source of some of Hong Kong's oldest ghost stories, and is one of the most haunted locations in Hong Kong.", "In 1899, British troops entered the New Territories, ceded by the Chinese, to confront local clans who didn't want to give up their traditional land rights in the Six-Day War.", "Some 500 indigenous Chinese villagers of Ping Shan were killed and said to be buried at the hillside of the modern-day school.", "In 1941 Japanese troops killed numerous people and turned the site into a mass grave during the occupation.", "None of these claims were verified, and villagers said they did not hear any ghost stories either.One of the most infamous ghost stories is the rumoured death of headmistress, who wore a red dress and committed suicide by hanging in one of the bathroom stalls, after being raped.", "It is her ghost that is said to haunt the school.", "But the police had no such record, and William Tang, the Hong Kong fashion designer who once studied in Tat Tak School, said according to tales he heard in childhood, it was the headmaster's wife who died, and at home but not at school.In 2011, a group of 12 secondary school students visited the site on a daredevil adventure, and heard mysterious whispers and saw a woman dressed in red.", "Three of the girls fainted, became hysterical and bite others, or strangled her own neck.", "One of them claimed to have visions of people dying horrible deaths, and was admitted to the hospital.", "Academic said the students might have experienced hallucination due to acute psychiatric disorder.", "A number of war-game players also claim to have seen the ghost of a longhaired teacher.The site is also now by filmmakers for shooting television dramas or movies.", "Props left by the crew such as bars fueled false claims that the site was once converted to a prison.The school was featured in a 2013 TV series ''I Wouldn't Go in There'' on the National Geographic channel that delved into the stories behind Asia's most notorious haunted sites.File:Tat Tak School, Feb 2024 06.jpgFile:Tat Tak School, Feb 2024 02.jpgFile:Tat Tak School, Feb 2024 05.jpgFile:Tat Tak School, Feb 2024 18.jpg" ], [ "Notable alumni", "* William Tang, Hong Kong fashion designer* Lam Tai-fai, Hong Kong businessman and former legislator" ], [ "See also", "* List of reportedly haunted locations in China* ''Our Unwinding Ethos'', a 2019 urban legend drama series produced by TVB" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "2023 Open Villa de Madrid – Singles" ], [ "Introduction", "Aliona Bolsova was the defending champion but chose not to participate.Olga Danilović won the title, defeating Sara Sorribes Tormo in the final, 6–2, 6–3." ], [ "Seeds" ], [ "Draw", "===Finals======Top half======Bottom half===" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Main Draw" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Bucharest Chamber of Commerce Palace" ], [ "Introduction", "Bucharest Chamber of Commerce PalaceThe '''Bucharest Chamber of Commerce Palace''' (), also the '''Stock Exchange Palace''' (''Palatul Bursei''), is a building located at 4 Ion Ghica Street, Bucharest, Romania.In 1904, the head of the Bucharest Chamber of Commerce asked King Carol I for land on which to build a headquarters.", "He was granted a parcel in 1906 from the state's holdings.", "Fourteen architects submitted designs in 1907; Ștefan Burcuș was selected.", "Special brick and reinforced concrete were used in order to ensure the building's stability; Gogu Constantinescu supervised the latter material.", "The cost was estimated at 800,000 gold lei.", "The cornerstone was laid in May 1908, in the presence of various officials.", "The palace was inaugurated in 1911, with a speech by the King.", "It was used as a stock market for goods.", "In 1949, the nascent communist regime nationalized the building.", "It hosted the National Library of Romania until 2008, when the Chamber of Commerce regained possession.The building has two tall floors, an attic and a basement, measuring 1957 square meters in total.", "Described by one observer as featuring “a simple, beautiful majesty, with a grandiose facade, classical and alive”, it is richly decorated, with a rounded front, interrupted corniches and a skylit mansard.", "Its principal element is the main entrance on the street corner, with its curved balcony topped by a central arch.", "A blazon has a lion's head in bas-relief, flanked by two allegories in ''ronde-bosse'' stone: Industry on the left (a veiled woman holding a hammer) and Commerce on the right (Mercury holding a caduceus and an anchor).", "The first two floors are in bossage, while the remainder has pilasters and Ionic capitals.", "The style becomes finer as it climbs from the massive stone foundation to the cast-iron balustrades of the balconies.", "The ceiling and panels of the council chamber are decorated in the style of François Boucher.", "The Chamber of Commerce seal appears on the exterior and interior.The building is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs." ], [ "Notes" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Eat Your Heart Out (film)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Eat Your Heart Out''''' is a 1997 American romantic comedy film directed by Felix Adlon, who also produced it with his parents.", "It starred Pamela Segall, his one-time wife.Filming took place in Los Angeles, with much of it shot at a loft in Venice Beach.", "Jackie Guerra says she was recommended for her role by Pamela Segall.The film premiered at Filmfest Munchen in 1997." ], [ "Premise", "The lives of three housemates, Daniel, Sam and Peter, is affected when Daniel becomes a successful television chef." ], [ "Cast", "Christian Oliver as Daniel HausPamele Segall as SamanthaLaura San Giacomo as Jacqueline FosburgJohn Craig as PeterJackie Guerra as JulieTod Thawley as JamieShawnee Smith as NicoleRichard Fancy as Mr. HausChristopher Kirby as BoboLeslie Jordan as DirectorPhil LaMarr as Stage ManagerLinda Hunt as KathrynJohn Billingsley as TechnicianJ.J. Boone as Phone Operator" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Eat Your Heart Out at IMDB* Eat Your Heart Out at Letterbox DVD* Eat Your Heart Out at TCMDB* Trailer of film at YouTube" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "SADiLaR" ], [ "Introduction", "'''SADiLaR''' (the South African Centre for Digital Language Resources), is a Department of Science and Innovation-sponsored initiative to create and manage digital resources and software supporting research and development in digital language resources in South Africa." ], [ "History", "Founded in 2016, and hosted at the North-West University, SADiLaR aims to provide a resource centre that simulates, enables, manages and distributes digital research related to all of South Africa’s official languages.", "It functions both as host and as a hub for a number of nodes, including other universities, research centres and public archives." ], [ "Nodes", "The nodes that are linked to SADiLaR include;* CSIR (HLT Research Group) * Inter-institutional Centre for Language Development and Assessment (ICELDA)* North-West University (Centre for Text Technology)* Stellenbosch University (Child Language Development) * University of Pretoria (Department of African Languages) * University of South Africa (Department of African Languages)" ], [ "Collaborations", "SADiLaR is involved in a collaboration between Wikipedia and the Pan South African Language Board.", "Together they launched the SWiP project at the University of South Africa in September 2023.SWiP advocates for equality among all indigenous languages and encouraging languages communities in South Africa to become more visible on Wikipedia and post information in their own language." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Recursion (Crouch novel)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Recursion''''' is a thriller science fiction novel by American writer Blake Crouch, first published in the United States in June 2019 by the Crown Publishing Group, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House." ], [ "Plot summary", "''Recursion'' alternates between two timelines: Barry Sutton, a NYPD detective in 2018, and Helena Smith, a neuroscientist in 2007.Barry fails to stop a woman from jumping off a building to her death.", "She claimed to have detailed false memories of another life that are not hers.", "Barry investigates and uncovers a new condition called False Memory Syndrome, which cannot be explained and is spreading.", "Helena is conducting research to record people's memories so that when their brains start to deteriorate and dementia sets in, they can retrieve them.", "But her research grant is coming to an end and she has been unable to secure additional funding.Barry's investigations lead him to a suspicious place called \"Hotel Memory\".", "There he is forced to submit to a procedure in which he recalls an incident in his past when he had his last conversation with his daughter before she was killed in a hit-and-run.", "But he finds that not only are the memories crystal clear, he has travelled back in time and is able to prevent the accident.", "Helena's dream comes true when a philanthropist, Marcus Slade offers her unlimited funds to continue her research.", "But she soon realizes that Marcus has ulterior motive.", "He instructs Helena to build a \"memory chair\" that enables people to go back in time and relive their memories." ], [ "Critical reception", "In a starred review, ''Publishers Weekly'' described ''Recursion'' as an \"intelligent, mind-bending thriller\".", "It stated: \"Crouch effortlessly integrates sophisticated philosophical concepts into a complex and engrossing plot.\"", "''Kirkus Reviews'' called ''Recursion'' an \"exciting, thought-provoking mind-bender\".", "It said the book is a stimulating exploration of grief and memory and how they define who we are.", "Rebecca Vnuk wrote in ''Booklist'' that readers may not understand the physics behind the story, \"but, in a peculiar way, that's part of the fun.", "\"In a review of the book in ''The New York Times'', American author Victor LaValle described ''Recursion'' as \"a heady campfire tale of a novel built for summer reading\".", "He said the journey it follows \"is a gloriously twisting line that regularly confounded my expectations.\"", "While all those paranormal podcasts are often rejected as fringe entertainment, LaValle stated \"that doesn’t diminish my enjoyment of these shows.\"", "He explained that \"I'm a skeptic, though not quite an unbeliever\".", "Novels like ''Recursion'' tend to be dismissed for similar reasons, but LaValle opined, \"I believe they capture the disquiet of millions; they broadcast at an anxious frequency.", "The sense that our country’s center is not holding pulses through the novel.", "The fear that we are losing our collective memory, of a stable nation for instance, doesn't read to me like fantasy.\"" ], [ "Translations", "''Recursion'' was translated into German by Rainer Schmidt as ''Gestohlene Erinnerung'' and published by Goldmann in March 2020.It was also translated into Portuguese as ''Recursão?''", "and published by Intrinseca in January 2020." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* ''Recursion'' at Penguin Random House** ''Recursion'' at FantasticFiction" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "2024 All Africa Men's and Women's Team Badminton Championships" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''2024 All Africa Men's and Women's Team Badminton Championships''' is a continental stage tournament of Thomas and Uber Cups, and also to crown the best men's and women's badminton team in Africa.", "This tournament is held in Cairo, Egypt between 12 and 15 February 2024." ], [ "Medalists", " Men's team Mohamed Abderrahime BelarbiAdel HamekSifeddine LarbaouiKoceila MammeriYoucef Sabri MedelMohamed Abdelaziz Ouchefoun Joseph Emmanuel EmmyVictor IkechukwuNusa MomohGodwin OlofuaAnuoluwapo Juwon OpeyoriAlhaji Aliyu Shehu Abdelrahman AbdelhakimAbdelrahman Magdy AbdelsattarAhmed Ali Abdelmajeed ElbahnasawyAshraf AlyAdham Hatem ElgamalEzzat KareemMohamed Mostafa KamelAhmed Salah Melvin AppiahJean Bernard BongoutLucas DouceKhemtish Rai NundahJulien PaulTejraj Pultoo Women's team Amy AckermanMegan de BeerDeidre LaurensDiane OlivierJohanita Scholtz Husina KobugabeGladys MbabaziFadilah Mohamed RafiTracy Naluwooza Halla BouksaniMounib CeliaYasmina ChibahTanina MammeriLinda MazriMalak Ouchefoun Dorcas Ajoke AdesokanZainab Damilola AlabiSofiat Arinola ObanisholaChristiana Olajumoke ObasanmiUchechukwu Deborah UkehRamatu Yakubu===Medal table===" ], [ "Squads" ], [ "Tournament", "The All Africa Men's and Women's Team Badminton Championships officially crowns the best male and female national badminton teams in Africa and at the same time works as the African qualification event towards the 2024 Thomas & Uber Cup finals.", "15 teams consisting of 8 men's team and 7 women's team have entered the tournament.=== Venue ===Venue of this tournament is Cairo Stadium Indoor Halls Complex, in Cairo, Egypt." ], [ "Men's team", "===Group stage=======Group A====''Algeria vs Zambia''''Egypt vs Uganda''''Algeria vs Uganda''''Egypt vs Zambia''''Uganda vs Zambia''''Algeria vs Egypt''====Group B====''South Africa vs Cameroon''''Mauritius vs Nigeria''''South Africa vs Nigeria''''Mauritius vs Cameroon''''Nigeria vs Cameroon''''South Africa vs Mauritius''===Knockout stage=======Bracket========Semi-finals====''Algeria (Group A Winner) vs Mauritius (Group B Runner-up)''''Egypt (Group A Runner-up) vs Nigeria (Group B Winner)''====Final====''Algeria vs Nigeria''===Final ranking=== Team Final result 5 5 0 10 +14 +26 +169 Champions 5 4 1 8 +9 +17 +164 Runners-up '''(H)''' 4 2 2 4 +6 +10 +121 Eliminated in semi-finals 4 2 2 4 +5 +12 +155 5 3 1 2 2 –1 –3 +22 Eliminated in group stage 6 3 1 2 2 –5 –7 –39 7 3 0 3 0 –13 –25 –222 8 3 0 3 0 –15 –30 –370" ], [ "Women's team", "===Group stage=======Group A====''South Africa vs Cameroon''''Mauritius vs Cameroon''''South Africa vs Algeria''''Mauritius vs Algeria''''Algeria vs Cameroon''''South Africa vs Mauritius''====Group B====''Uganda vs Nigeria''''Egypt vs Nigeria''''Uganda vs Egypt''===Knockout stage=======Bracket========Semi-finals====''South Africa(Group A Winner) vs Nigeria(Group B Runner-up)''''Algeria(Group A Runner-up) vs Uganda(Group B Winner)''====Final====''South Africa vs Uganda''===Final ranking=== Team Final result 5 5 0 10 +9 +15 +154 Champions 4 3 1 6 +8 +12 +93 Runners-up 4 2 2 4 +2 +6 +91 Eliminated in semi-finals 3 1 2 2 –1 0 –6 5 3 1 2 2 +3 +6 +39 Eliminated in group stage 6 '''(H)''' 2 0 2 0 –6 –9 –64 7 3 0 3 0 –15 –30 –307" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", " Tournament draws" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Bradley Peterson" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Bradley S. Peterson''' is an American psychiatrist, developmental neuroscientist, academic and author.", "He is the Inaugural Director of the Institute for the Developing Mind at Children's Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA), and holds the positions of Vice Chair for Research and Chief of the Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry in the Department of Psychiatry at the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California.Peterson is most known for his neuroscience research on neuropsychiatric disorders including autism, depression, bipolar disorder, ADHD, Tourette syndrome, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, and eating disorders, as well as premature birth, the effects of environmental toxins on brain development, and brain mechanisms that mediate the effects of treatments on clinical outcomes.", "He has also studied normal brain development, and brain processes that support normal cognitive and emotional processes.Peterson was named Outstanding Mentor by the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry in 2006 and 2014, and he is the recipient of the 2007 Columbia University John J. Weber Prize for Outstanding Research, the 2012 American Psychiatric Association Blanche Ittleson Award, the 2024 Leadership in Child, Adolescent and Young Adult Psychiatry from the American College of Psychiatrists, the 2012 Excellence in Teaching Award from the New York Presbyterian Hospital of Columbia and Cornell Universities, and the 2017 and 2020 USC Keck School of Medicine Dean's Teaching Award.Peterson is a Fellow of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology and the American College of Psychiatrists.", "He is the Editor for the Neuroscience Section of the ''Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry''." ], [ "Education and early career", "Peterson graduated with a bachelor's degree in Philosophy from Tulane University in 1983 and an M.D.", "from the University of Wisconsin–Madison Medical School in 1987 and also studied philosophy at St. Catherine's College of Oxford University." ], [ "Career", "Peterson began his academic career at the Yale School of Medicine as an Assistant Professor in Child Psychiatry in 1994, the Elizabeth Meers and House Jameson Assistant/Associate Professor in 1996 and associate professor in 2000.In 2001, he became an Associate Professor in Child Psychiatry at the Columbia College of Physicians & Surgeons from 2001 to 2014 and a professor in psychiatry from 2005 to 2014.Subsequently, he joined the University of Southern California as a professor in the Department of Psychiatry in 2014.Since 2017, he has been the Director of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry since 2014 and the Vice Chair for Research in the Department of Psychiatry of the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California.", "He has been the Director of the Institute for the Developing Mind at Children's Hospital Los Angeles since 2014, where he has also served as Interim Chief Scientific Officer from 2016 to 2018, Chief of Psychiatry since 2019, and co-director of the Behavioral Health Institute since 2022." ], [ "Research", "Peterson has studied normal brain development across the life span, normal and pathological impulse control, prenatal exposures, emotional processing and mood disorders, Autism Spectrum Disorders, and the development of new MRI methods.===Normal brain development===Peterson has investigated normal brain development, normal aging, normal cognitive and emotional processes, and self-regulatory control.", "He and his colleagues demonstrated that gray matter density declines nonlinearly with age in frontal and parietal cortices from early childhood to approximately age 40, and declining in the left posterior temporal region beginning approximately at age 60, indicating that cortical maturation and aging trajectories vary across the brain.", "In addition, he showed that brain tissue microstructure and metabolites mature in frontal and cingulate cortices and contribute to improved self-regulation during the transition from childhood to adolescence.", "He further demonstrated age-related increases in prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia activation during a Stroop task was associated with improved self-regulatory control, indicating maturation of frontostriatal systems from childhood through adulthood in healthy individuals.Peterson has studied normal cognitive and emotional processing in the brain as well.", "He and his colleagues, including James Russell, developed an emotion processing task based on the Circumplex Model of Affect that explored with functional MRI the neural systems that independently subserve the valence and arousal components of a full range of normal emotions evoked by emotional words, faces, and induced moods.", "In collaboration with Mark Packard, he developed a virtual reality platform for use during functional MRI scanning to study procedural and declarative learning processes in both health and illness.===Disorders of impulse control===Peterson has researched disorders of impulse control, including Tourette's Syndrome (TS), Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).", "His imaging studies of TS subjects and controls across the lifespan have demonstrated larger prefrontal cortices in TS children, with an inverse association of these regional volumes with tic symptom severity.", "Prefrontal volumes in TS adults, however, were smaller than control values, likely due to the ascertainment bias of studying still-symptomatic adults, given that tic symptoms usually substantially improve by adulthood.", "These findings, along with earlier observations of significant prefrontal activation during tic suppression, suggested that compensatory responses involving activity-dependent plasticity and prefrontal hypertrophy play a role in controlling tic symptoms.", "He also established that caudate volumes in TS children predict the severity of both tics and OCD symptoms in early adulthood, even after adjusting for potential confounds.", "These collective results suggested that prefrontal hypertrophy acts as a compensatory response to the presence of tics, attenuating symptoms in temporal proximity to the time of volume measurement.", "Conversely, the magnitude of the abnormality in the caudate nucleus is more critical in predicting the long-term outcome of symptom severity in TS.In addition, Peterson showed the presence of prominent cortical thinning in ventral portions of the sensory and motor homunculi that control the facial and vocal muscles that are commonly involved in tic symptoms.", "More severe thinning was associated with more severe tic symptoms, suggesting that these sensorimotor regions are important in producing tics.", "He also explored neural mechanisms that generate the tics, comparing brain activation during spontaneous tics in persons with TS and mimicked tics in healthy controls.", "Finding showed that the sensory urges that generate tics derive from greater neural activity in somatosensory cortices, putamen, and amygdala/hippocampus complex, whereas progressively weaker activity in cortical-subcortical regulatory circuits (especially the caudate and anterior cingulate cortex) accompany proportionately more severe symptoms, highlighting that faulty activity in these circuits fail to control tic behaviors and the sensory urges that generate them.", "Faulty activity within the subcortical portions of these circuits was further implicated in his showing that habit learning processes based within the striatum (caudate and putamen) are impaired in persons with TS in direct proportion to the severity of tic symptoms.Peterson's functional and anatomical studies have helped to define the neural basis of ADHD.", "A morphological study of the cortical surface, published in ''The Lancet'', revealed smaller volumes of inferior prefrontal and anterior temporal regions in children with ADHD, supporting the hypothesis of involvement of these regions in the pathophysiology of the disorder.", "Several of his functional imaging studies documented the significance of these regions in attention and behavior regulation.", "He demonstrated abnormal default-mode activity in ventral anterior cingulate and posterior cingulate cortices in ADHD youth, with these abnormalities normalizing in response to stimulant medications.", "Additionally, he showcased that stimulant medications may reverse morphological abnormalities in the basal ganglia and thalamus of youth with ADHD.", "He also presented evidence for neuroplastic hypertrophy in the hippocampus and amygdala of ADHD youth, potentially serving as a compensatory response to dysfunctional frontostriatal circuits elsewhere in the brain and contributing to the attenuation of ADHD symptoms.===Neonatal risks===Peterson's work on neonatal risks focused on conditions that confer risk for disturbances in development of the neonatal CNS, including premature birth, prenatal exposure to drugs of abuse, and prenatal exposure to various common environmental toxins.Peterson published the first quantitative study of the long-term effects of preterm birth on brain development, revealing large reductions in the volumes of specific cortical regions in the preterm children, most prominently in sensorimotor regions but also in premotor, midtemporal, parieto-occipital, and subgenual cortices, correlating with IQ at age 8 and gestational age at birth, indicating that younger birth age is associated with greater abnormalities in brain structure, and larger abnormalities in brain structure are associated with lower IQ.", "Using fMRI in the same group, he demonstrated that while term-born children activated typical language areas during meaningful speech perception, prematurely born children activated these regions during meaningful speech similarly to how term-born children responded to nonsensical, phonemic sounds.", "He concluded that the unusual activation during meaningful speech in preterm children was linked to lower verbal IQ and reduced comprehension of meaningful stories.", "Subsequently, he examined brain volumes in preterm and term infants near their term due dates, observing a consistent pattern of anatomical abnormalities similar to those identified in 8-year-old prematurely born infants, suggesting that specific brain region morphological abnormalities are present soon after preterm birth.In addition, Peterson conducted imaging on a cohort of over 180 newborns, with 45 exposed in utero to crack cocaine, 45 to narcotics, 45 to cannabis, and 45 unexposed to any drugs of abuse, finding notable abnormalities in brain structure, connectivity, and function in drug-exposed infants at birth.", "He collaborated with researchers at Columbia's School of Public Health, scanning 450 children in a longitudinal study on the impact of prenatal exposure to environmental toxins, including household insecticides, and found that prenatal exposure to the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos increased white matter volumes in specific brain regions in proportion to cumulative exposure and associated IQ impairment, influencing an FDA review of chlorpyrifos use in the U.S. as an agricultural pesticide.", "Furthermore, he showcased that prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and PAH disrupts brain development in youth, affecting anatomy, microstructure, and function, with implications for cognitive, emotional, and behavioral outcomes.===Affective disorders===Peterson has studied the brain bases of affective disorders, including Bipolar Disorder and Major Depression.", "Using a self-regulatory task, he found that adults with BD exhibited deficient left inferior prefrontal cortex activation, indicating a potential trait abnormality.", "The BD group also showed reduced amygdala (16%) and hippocampus (5%) volumes, likely emerging early in the illness course.", "These and other related findings suggested the presence of faulty circuits that regulate emotions, with mesial temporal lobe structures losing normal top-down control from frontal cortices, potentially generating the mood changes of BD.Peterson, along with Myrna Weissman and colleagues, identified a brain-based endophenotype for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), characterized by cortical thinning across the lateral surface of the right hemisphere and associated white matter abnormalities.", "This endophenotype, linked to familial risk for MDD, correlated with inattention and poor visual memory.", "He established neural patterns associated with depression risk (cortical attention circuits), resilience (dorsal anterior cingulate cortex), and enduring effects following illness (default mode circuits) as well, highlighting potential endophenotypes for novel interventions.Additionally, Peterson demonstrated that treatment with duloxetine attenuates and normalizes excessive activity and network connectivity in dysthymic individuals.", "His research also illuminated that in patients with depressive disorders, duloxetine treatment induces changes in cortical gray matter morphology that likely represent neuroanatomical plasticity, and it normalizes N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) concentrations by modulating depressive symptom severity, revealing the relationship between neurochemistry and depressive symptoms.===Autism Spectrum Disorders===Peterson used multiple MRI modalities to explore the brain basis for the heterogeneity of symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).", "He observed that brain lactate, indicating the presence of mitochondrial dysfunction, was significantly greater in individuals with ASD, suggesting a possible neurobiological subtype of ASD.", "He also found that metabolite concentrations were altered in regions of the brain subserving socialization in persons with ASD, and in proportion to the severity of ASD symptom scores.", "In another study, participants with ASD showed widespread alterations in regional brain blood flow, correlating with socialization deficits and suggesting potential metabolic disturbances that impact neural efficiency and trigger compensatory glial responses.", "Alongside colleagues, he showed that ASD participants exhibited altered white matter microstructure that adversely impact blood flow, symptoms, and cognitive abilities.", "He further used functional MRI to demonstrate that persons with ASD processed and likely experienced emotional stimuli very differently from the way typically developing persons did, and moreover that these differences were specific to the arousal components of facial emotions but not valence components.===Development of new imaging technologies===Peterson led a research program with collaborators that developed new methods for acquisition and processing of MRI data, including deformation-based analyses for anatomical data processing, noise reduction in diffusion tensor images, statistical techniques for intergroup comparison of diffusion tensor images, enhanced signal-to-noise ratios in spectroscopic images, and improved head coils for human and animal imaging.", "His team developed software supporting virtual reality platforms for use in fMRI scanning.", "Furthermore, he and Ravi Bansal developed software capable of diagnosing psychiatric disorders based solely on an individual's anatomical brain image." ], [ "Awards and honors", "2006, 2014 – Outstanding Mentor, the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry2007 – John J. Weber Prize, Columbia University2012 – Blanche Ittleson Award, American Psychiatric Association2012 – Excellence in Teaching, New York Presbyterian Hospital of Columbia and Cornell Universities2017 – Dean's Teaching Award, Keck School of Medicine2024 – Leadership in Child, Adolescent and Young Adult Psychiatry, American College of Psychiatrists" ], [ "Selected articles", "Peterson, B. S., Skudlarski, P., Gatenby, J. C., Zhang, H., Anderson, A. W., & Gore, J. C. (1999).", "An fMRI study of Stroop word-color interference: evidence for cingulate subregions subserving multiple distributed attentional systems.", "Biological psychiatry, 45(10), 1237–1258.", "Peterson, B. S., Vohr, B., Staib, L. H., Cannistraci, C. J., Dolberg, A., Schneider, K. C., ... & Ment, L. R. (2000).", "Regional brain volume abnormalities and long-term cognitive outcome in preterm infants.", "JAMA, 284, 1939–1947.", "Sowell, E. R., Thompson, P. M., Welcome, S. E., Henkenius, A. L., Toga, A. W., & Peterson, B. S. (2003).", "Cortical abnormalities in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.", "The Lancet, 362(9397), 1699–1707.", "Posner, J., Russell, J.", "A., & Peterson, B. S. (2005).", "The circumplex model of affect: An integrative approach to affective neuroscience, cognitive development, and psychopathology.", "Development and psychopathology, 17(3), 715–734.", "Sowell, E. R., Kan, E., Yoshii, J., Thompson, P. M., Bansal, R., Xu, D., ... & Peterson, B. S. (2008).", "Thinning of sensorimotor cortices in children with Tourette syndrome.", "Nature neuroscience, 11(6), 637–639.", "Peterson, B. S., Warner, V., Bansal, R., Zhu, H., Hao, X., Liu, J., ... & Weissman, M. M. (2009).", "Cortical thinning in persons at increased familial risk for major depression.", "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(15), 6273–6278.", "Tau, G. Z., & Peterson, B. S. (2010).", "Normal development of brain circuits.", "Neuropsychopharmacology, 35(1), 147–168.", "Peterson, B. S., Rosen, T., Dingman, S., Toth, Z. R., Sawardekar, S., Hao, X., ... & Bansal, R. (2020).", "Associations of maternal prenatal drug abuse with measures of newborn brain structure, tissue organization, and metabolite concentrations.", "JAMA pediatrics, 174(9), 831–842.", "Siegel, P., Wang, Z., Murray, L., Campos, J., Sims, V., Leighton, E., & Peterson, B. S. (2020).", "Brain-based mediation of non-conscious reduction of phobic avoidance in young women during functional MRI: a randomised controlled experiment.", "The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(11), 971–981.", "Peterson, B. S., Bansal, R., Sawardekar, S., Nati, C., Elgabalawy, E. R., Hoepner, L. A., ... & Rauh, V. (2022).", "Prenatal exposure to air pollution is associated with altered brain structure, function, and metabolism in childhood.", "Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63(11), 1316–1331." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Tørring" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Tørring''' is a town, with a population of 2,964 (1 January 2023), in Hedensted Municipality, Central Denmark Region in Denmark.", "It is located 27 km west of Horsens, 20 km north of Vejle, 24 km east of Give and 20 km northwest of Hedensted.Tørring ChurchTørring Church was built in 1200.The characteristic octagonal dome of the church tower is from the beginning of the 17th century.Tørring is located at the Gudenå, about 10 km southeast of its spring, from where canoeing on the river is possible." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Samson Tsoy" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Samson Tsoy''' (born 24 October 1988) is a Kazakh pianist.He was born in Kazakhstan, and moved to Russia in 1996.He trained at the Moscow Tchaikovsky Conservatory, and the Royal College of Music in London.", "As of 2024 he lives in London.He won first prize at the 2015 Campillos International Piano Competition.He often performs with his partner Pavel Kolesnikov." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Smerdalea" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Smerdalea''' is a genus of treehoppers belonging to the subfamily Stegaspidinae.", "It was first described by William Weekes Fowler in 1896, and contains five species." ], [ "Distribution", "Smerdalea is found across Central and South America, stretching from Mexico in the north, Peru in the south, and French Guiana in the east." ], [ "Species", "Smerdalea contains the following species:* ''Smerdalea circumflexa'' Cryan, 1995* ''Smerdalea elevata'' Cryan, 1995* ''Smerdalea horrescens'' Fowler, 1896* ''Smerdalea imminens'' Cryan, 1999* ''Smerdalea veracruzensis'' Dietrich, 2008" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Director" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Director''' is an honour presented annually at the Maharashtra State Film Awards of India since 1962.It is given to a film director who has exhibited outstanding direction while working in the Marathi cinema.", "The recipients are decided by an independent jury formed by the Government.", "They are declared by the Minister for Cultural Affairs and are presented by the Chief Minister." ], [ "Winners", " Year Director I Director II Director III'''Ref.", "'''1962Madhukar Pathak (''Prapanch'')Raja Paranjape (''Suvasini'')Anant Mane (''Shahir Parshuram'')1963Raja Thakur (''Rangalya Ratri Asha'')Raja Paranjape (''Haa Maza Marg Ekla'')Chandrashekhar (''Phakira'')1964Ram Gabale (''Chhota Jawan)''Raja Thakur (''Pahu Re Kiti Vaat'')Madhu Shinde (''Thoratanchi Kamala'')Raja Paranjape (''Pathlaag'')1965Shantaram Athavale (''Vavtal'')Anant Mane (''Sawaal Majha Aika!", "'')1966Bhalji Pendharkar (''Sadhi Mansa'')Anant Mane (''Kela Ishara Jata Jata)''Vasant Joglekar (''Shevatcha Malusara'')1967Madhukar Pathak (''Santh Wahate Krushnamai'') Raja Paranjape (''Kaka Mala Vachva'')Chandrawadan (''Swapna Tech Lochani'')1968Rajdutt (''Gharchi Rani'') Kamlakar Torne (''Aamhi Jato Amuchya Gava'')Raja Thakur (''Ekti'')1969Rajdutt (''Apradh'')Madhukar Pathak (''Mukkam Post Dhebewad''i)Madhav Shinde (''Dharmakanya'')1970Raja Thakur (''Mumbaicha Jawai'')Vasant Painter (''Warnecha Wagh'')Madhav Shinde (''Laxmanresha'')1971Raja Thakur (''Gharkul'')Satyadev Dubey (''Shantata!", "Court Chalu Aahe)'' Govind Kulkarni (''Songadya'')1972Raja Thakur (''Jawai Vikat Ghene Aahe'')Rajdutt (''Bholibhabdi'')Dada Kondke (''Andhla Marto Dola'')1973 No award1974Vasant Painter (''Sugandhi Katta'') Datta Mane (''Kartiki'')Murlidhar Kapadi (''Ashi Hi Sataryadi'')1975Dada Kondke (''Pandu Havaldar'')Jabbar Patel (''Samna'') Dattatray Kulkarni (''Bayanno Navre Sambhala)''1976Babasaheb Fattelal (''Choricha Mamla'')Dada Kondke (''Tumcha Amcha Jamla)''Anant Mane (''Pahuni'')1977V.", "Ravindra (''Farari'')Kamlakar Torne (''Bala Gau Kashi Angai'')Murlidhar Kapadi (''Naav Motha Lakshan Khota'') 1978 Rajdutt (''Devak Nandan Gopala'') Kamlakar Torne (''Bhairu Pehelwan Ki Jai'') Jabbar Patel (''Jait Re Jait'')1979Vasant Joglekar (''Janaki'')Rajdutt (''Ashtavinayak'')Dada Kondke (''Bot Lavin Titha Gudgulya'')1980Nachiket Patwardhan (''22 June 1897'') Jabbar Patel (''Sinhasan'')Babasaheb Phattelal (''Paij'')1981Jabbar Patel (''Umbartha'')V.K.", "Naik (''Gondhalat Gondhal'') Amol Palekar (''Akrit'') 1982 Rajdutt & Arvind Deshpande (''Shaapit'') Ravi Namade (''Ek Daav Bhutacha'') Dada Kondke (''Aali Angawar'')1983Rajdutt (''Raghu Maina'') V.K.", "Naik (''Gupchup Gupchup)''Kamlakar Torne (''Thorli Jau'')1984Rajdutt (''Hech Maze Maher'')Rajdutt (''Mumbaicha Faujdar'')Satish Randive (''Bahurupi'')1985Rajdutt (''Ardhangi'')Bhaskar Jadhav (''Deva Shappath Khara Sangen'') Babasaheb Phattelal (''Stridhan)''1986Rajdutt (''Pudhcha Paaul)''Damu Kenkre (''Tuzya Vachun Karmena'') Rajdutt (''Aaj Zale Mukta Me)''1987Girish Ghanekar (''Prem Karuya Khullam Khulla'') Sachin (''Gammat Jammat)''N.", "S. Vaidya (''Khatyal Sasu Nathal Soon'')1988Sachin (''Ashi Hi Banwa Banwi)''N.", "S. Vaidya (''Nashibwan'') Girish Ghanekar (''Rangat Sangat'')1989Kanchan Nayak (''Kalat Nakalat'')Sachin (''Atmavishwas'') Purushottam Berde (''Hamaal De Dhamaal'')1990 Ramakant Kavthekar (''Aaghat'')Sachin (''Eka Peksha Ek'')N. S. Vaidya (''Kuldeepak)''1991Sanjay Surkar (''Chaukat Raja'')Pradip Berlekar (''Vedh'') Sanjiv Naik (''Anapekshit)''1992Jabbar Patel (''Ek Hota Vidushak'')Sanjay Surkar (''Apli Mansa'') Girish Ghanekar (''Vaajva Re Vaajva)''1993Sanjay Rawal (''Vazir'')Smita Talwalkar (''Savat Mazi Ladki'')Shrabani Deodhar (''Lapandav'')1994Jabbar Patel (''Mukta'') Madhukar Pathak (''Varsa Laxmicha'')Mahesh Kothare (''Majha Chakula'')1995Sumitra Bhave–Sunil Sukthankar (''Doghi'')Amol Palekar (''Bangarwadi'')Amol Shedge (''Aboli)''1996Sanjay Surkar (''Raosaheb'')Bhaskar Jadhav (''Putravati'')K. Radhaswami (''Suna Yeti Ghara'')1997J.K Patil (''Paij Lagnachi'') Shrabani Deodhar (''Sarkarnama'') Girish Ghanekar (''Navsacha Por'')1998Sanjay Surkar (''Tu Tithe Mee)''Ajay Phansekar (''Ratra Aarambh'') Subhash Phadke (''Hasari'')1999NFD (''Gabhara'')Chandrakant Kulkarni (''Bindhaast'')Sanjay Surkar (''Gharabaher'')2000Amol Palekar (''Dhyaas Parva'')Mahesh Manjrekar (''Astitva'') Satish Rajwade (''Mrugjal'')2001Millind Ukley (''Devki'')Ajay Phansekar (''Ek Hoti Vadi'')Rajdutt (''Zanzavat'')2002Sumitra Bhave–Sunil Sukthankar (''Dahavi Fa'')Sumitra Bhave–Sunil Sukthankar(''Vastupurush'') Chandrakant Kulkarni (''Bhet'')2003Sandeep Sawant (''Shwaas'')Gajendra Ahire (''Not Only Mrs. Raut'')Gajendra Ahire (''Vitthal Vitthal'')2004Bipin Nadkarni (''Uttarayan'') Rajiv Patil (''Savarkhed Ek Gaon'')Sanjay Surkar (''Saatchya Aat Gharat'')2005Nishikant Kamat (''Dombivli Fast'')Chandrakant Kulkarni ''(Kaydyacha Bola)''Mahesh Kothare (''Khabardar'')2006Sumitra Bhave–Sunil Sukthankar (''Nital'')Sachin Kundalkar (''Restaurant'')Rajendra Talik (''Savali'')2007Mangesh Hadawale (''Tingya'')Bipin Nadkarni (''Aevdhese Aabhal)''Sanjay Jadhav (''Checkmate'')2008Paresh Mokashi (''Harishchandrachi Factory'')Rajiv Patil (''Jogwa'') Rajendra Patil (''Dhudgus'')2009Santosh Manjrekar (''Me Shivajiraje Bhosale Boltoy'') Nitin Nandan (''Jhing Chik Jhing'') Sumitra Bhave–Sunil Sukthankar (''Ek Cup Chya'')2010 Anant Mahadevan (''Mee Sindhutai Sapkal'')Amol Palekar (''Dhoosar'') Veena Lokur (''Platform'')2011 Sujay Dahake (''Shala'')Umesh Vinayak Kulkarni (''Deool'')Kiran Yadnopavit (''Taryanche Bait)''Ravi Jadhav (''Balgandharva'')2012 Mahesh Manjrekar (''Kaksparsh'')Chandrakant Kulkarni (''Tukaram'') Nitin Chandrakant Desai (''Ajintha'')2013 Nitin Dixit (''Avatarachi Goshta'') Nitish Bharadwaj (''Pitruroon'') Shantanu Rode (''Jaijaikar'')2014 Shrihari Sathe (''Ek Hazarachi Note)''Paresh Mokashi (''Elizabeth Ekadashi'') Om Raut (''Lokmanya: Ek Yugpurush'')2015 Makarand Mane (''Ringan'')Sameer Vidwans (''Double Seat'')Chandrakant Kanse (''Dagadi Chawl'')2016 Sumitra Bhave–Sunil Sukthankar (''Kaasav'')Sandeep Patil (''Dashakriya'')Rajesh Mapuskar (''Ventilator'')2017Sagar Vanjari (''Redu'')Varun Narvekar (''Muramba'')Manoj Kadam (''Kshitij Ek Horayzan'')2018 Shivaji Lotan Patil (''Bhonga'')Milind Lele (''Bandishala'') Sachin Jadhav, Nachiket Waikar (''Tendlya'')" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Lycoderes" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Lycoderes''''' is a genus of treehoppers belonging to the subfamily Stegaspidinae.", "It was first described by the German entomologist Ernst Friedrich Germar in 1835, and contains 18 species." ], [ "Distribution", "''Lycoderes'' is found across Central and South America, stretching from Mexico in the northwest to Brazil in the southeast." ], [ "Species", "''Lycoderes'' contains the following species:* ''Lycoderes albinoi'' Creão-Duarte & Cabral, 2017* ''Lycoderes alvarengai'' Sakakibara, 1972* ''Lycoderes ancora'' (Germar, 1821)* ''Lycoderes apertus'' (Walker, 1858)* ''Lycoderes argutus'' Sakakibara, 1992* ''Lycoderes clavatus'' Sakakibara, 1972* ''Lycoderes fabricii'' Metcalf & Wade, 1965* ''Lycoderes foliatus'' Sakakibara, 1972* ''Lycoderes furcifer'' Sakakibara, 1970* ''Lycoderes gaffa'' Fairmaire, 1846* ''Lycoderes gladiator'' Germar, 1835* ''Lycoderes luctans'' Stål, 1862* ''Lycoderes mitratus'' Germar, 1835* ''Lycoderes petasus'' Fairmaire, 1846* ''Lycoderes reichardti'' Sakakibara, 1972* ''Lycoderes turritus'' Sakakibara, 1970* ''Lycoderes unicolor'' Fairmaire, 1846* ''Lycoderes wygodzinskyi'' Sakakibara, 1972" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Modi'in (ancient city)" ], [ "Introduction", "A Jewish burial cave unearthed at Khirbet Midiyeh, near Mevo Modi'im, one of several proposed sites for the ancient city of Modi'in'''Modi’in''' (, also transliterated as '''Modein'''), also '''Modi’im''' (), was an ancient Jewish city located in Judea, near the modern city of Modi'in, State of Israel.", "It was first mentioned in the Books of Maccabees.", "It was the hometown of the priestly Hasmonean family, who assumed leadership over Judea following the victorious Maccabean uprising.Modi’in was known in ancient times for housing the mausoleum of the Hasmonean family, commonly referred to as the '''Tomb of the Maccabees'''.", "This monumental structure, erected in the 2nd century BC by Simon Thassi, is described in both the Book of Maccabees and the writings of Josephus.", "During the Byzantine period, Eusebius noted its continued existence.", "However, its remains were lost over time.The precise geographical location of Modi’in remains a subject of scholarly dispute, with various proposed sites including Tell er-Ras near al-Midya, Givat HaTitora, Umm el-Umdan, and Khirbet Midya, all located in the vicinity of the modern city of Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut, which takes its name from the ancient city.", "The remnants of the Hasmonean mausoleum, once linked to several sites now attributed to the Byzantine era, remain undiscovered, and its precise location still unknown." ], [ "What the sources say", "=== Books of Maccabees (2nd century BC) ===The first reference to Modi'in is found in the text of 1 Maccabees, which records the relocation of Mattathias the Hasmonean, along with his family, from Jerusalem to Modi'in:During that time, Mattathias, son of John son of Simeon, a priest of the clan of Joarib, left Jerusalem and settled at Modein\" (1 Maccabees, 2:1)Subsequent passages detail the construction by Simon, Matthatias's son, of an elaborate monument built atop an existing family burial site in Modi'in:\"Over the tomb of his father and his brothers Simon constructed a monument impressive for its height, built of hewn stone on both its front and rear sides.", "He set up seven pyramids, one in front of the other, for his father, his mother, and his four brothers.", "For the pyramids he contrived an elaborate setting: he surrounded them with massive pillars on which he places full suits of armor as a perpetual memorial; besides the full suits of armor, there were carved ships, intended to be seen by all who sailed the sea.", "This tomb, which he erected in Modein, still exists today.\"", "(1 Maccabees, 13:27-30)According to 1 Maccabees, Simon designated the monument for the interment of his father, mother and four brothers.", "The monument's description mentioned elaborate architectural features, including pyramids (or ''nefashot'', signifying sepulchral monuments typically situated near or above underground tombs), sculptured armaments or panoplies representing military weaponry, and maritime representations, all adhering to Hellenistic aesthetic norms.", "The book states that the monument still stood in its day.Additional text evidence describes Simon's forces gathering in Modi'in before descending to the coastal plain for military engagement:Simon raised from the land a force of twenty thousand picked warriors and cavalrymen, and they marched out against Kendebaios.", "They spent the night at Modein.", "On rising in the morning, they marched out into the plain.", "There, a large force of infantry and cavalry confronted them.", "Between the two armies there was a rushing brook.", "(1 Maccabees, 16:45)=== Josephus (1st century AD) ===Flavius Josephus provides an account of the Hasmonean royal monument that was still extant during his time, although with some alterations and exclusions, but still corroborating the depiction found in Maccabees.Simon sent some to the city Basca to bring away his brother’s bones; and buried them in their own city, Modin.", "And all the people made great lamentation over him.", "Simon also erected a very large monument for his father, and his brethren, of white and polished stone; and raised it a great height, and so as to be seen a long way off: and made cloisters about it, and set up pillars, which were of one stone apiece.", "A work it was wonderful to see.", "Moreover he built seven pyramids also, for his parents, and his brethren, one for each of them: which were made very surprizing, both for their largeness, and beauty: and which have been preserved to this day.", "(Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, 13:210-212)=== Rabbinic literature (early centuries AD) ===Rabbinical literature describes Modiʽin (also Modiʽim or Modiʽith) as situated on the border between Lydda and western Judea.", "* From Modiʽith and inwards men may be deemed trustworthy in what concerns earth-enware vessels; from Modi'ith and outwards they may not be deemed trustworthy.Thus, if the potter himself sold the pot and came in hither from Modi'ith, in what concerns himself the potter, the selfsame pots, and the selfsame buyers, he may be deemed trustworthy.", "If he went out beyond Modi'ith he may not be deemed trustworthy.", "* What counts as a journey afar off Beyond Modi'ith, or a like distance in any direction.", "So R.", "Akiva.", "* Ulla said: \"From Modiʽim to Jerusalem is fifteen Roman mile\|Roman miles\".Modiʽin may be the birthplace of the priest Rabbi Eleazar ha-Modaʽi, who appears to have been a prominent figure during the Bar-Kochba War.", "His leadership role is attested to in various sources such as the Mishnah, the Jerusalemite Talmud, and Lamentations Rabbah.=== Patristic literature (3rd to 5th centuries AD) ===During the Byzantine period, there are scarce texts mentioning Modiʽin.", "4th century bishop and scholar Eusebius wrote:\"Modeeim (1 Maccabees 13:25): A village near Diospolis where the Maccabees were, and where their tombs are still now shown\".Jerome corroborates Eusebius's account and expresses surprise at claims that the Maccabees' tombstone is in Antioch.", "In the Vulgate (Latin translation of the Bible), Jerome added a geographical detail to the mention of Modiʽin: \"in monte Modin\" (\"on the mountain of Modiʽin\").=== Madaba Map (6th century) ===On the Madaba map, commonly dated to the mid-6th century, Modiʽin appears situated on the border between the coastal plain and the Judaean Lowlands, along the route from Lod to Jerusalem, and between the towns of \"Adiathim, now Haditha\" and \"Capher-uta (Kefar Ruta)\".", "The town, labeled with the inscription \"Modiʽim, now Moditha (), whence came the Maccabees\", is indicated with the customary symbol for a village on the map.There are no literary references to Modiʽin or Moditha after the Byzantine period." ], [ "Proposals to identify Modi'in", "Qubur al-Yahud, pictured in 1960Ancient texts indicate that Modi'in was strategically located near a major road, positioned at a juncture between the predominantly Jewish-inhabited area and the coastal plain, then predominantly populated with non-Jews.", "The Hasmonean mausoleum built near Modi'in stood in a high spot, atop a hill.", "During the Second Temple Period, several Jewish villages were located in this area.Scholars propose that the ancient name Modi'in is preserved on both sides of Wadi Malakeh, situated north of modern Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut, with the Arab village of al-Midya to the east and Khirbet Midieh to the west.", "Several archaeological sites in the area have been suggested as potential identifications for the ancient city.=== Early suggestions ===The Crusaders associated Hasmonean Modiʽin with different locations, including Tzoba/Belmont, near Latrun and near Hebron.In the 14th century, the Jewish traveller and geographer Ishtori Haparchi wrote that Modi'in was situated in a village near Jerusalem called Midʽa, probably the modern al-Midya.In the early 19th century, Rabbi Joseph Schwarz proposed that Modiʽin was situated at Mount Midan near Tzoba, drawing connections from the similarity of names and the fifteen-mile distance from Jerusalem mentioned in the Babylonian Talmud.In 1866, Franciscan monk Emmanuel Forner wrote in Le Monde that Modiʽin was located in the Arab village of al-Midya.", "Forner theorized that this site housed the burial grounds of the Hasmonean family, citing phonetic resemblances in place names and the village's close proximity to Lod, reachable within a two-hour walk.", "In the summer of 1909, Yitzhak Ben-Zvi visited al-Midya, which he referred to as Modiʽim, as well as Qubur el-Yahud.=== Tell er-Ras, Al-Midya ===Early scholars, including Gustaf Dalman, Père Félix-Marie Abel, and Michael Avi-Yonah, along with subsequent experts, initially associated the name el-Midieh solely with the Arab village of the same name.", "This led them to identify the location of Modi'in either at Tel er-Ras, an archaeological tell located to the east of the village, or within the village itself.A survey conducted by Israel Finkelstein and his team at Tell er-Ras uncovered pottery dating back to the Iron Age and later periods.", "Zissu and Perry, describing Tell er-Ras as a \"large biblical site\", doubted the identification of the site with Modi'in, pointing to the absence of evidence for a significant settlement during the Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine periods, as well as the absence of a nearby Roman road mentioned in rabbinic texts.=== Khirbet el-Hammam (Khirbet Midiyeh) ===PEF Survey of Western Palestine (1871–77)To the west of al-Midya and Nahal Modi'in lies another archaeological site often linked to ancient Modi'in, commonly referred to as Khirbet el-Hammam but also mapped as Khirbet Midiyeh (distinct from Tell er-Ras, which is also occasionally referred to by the same name).", "In the 19th century, this area has drawn the attention of researchers like Victor Guérin and Charles Simon Clermont-Ganneau, who explored sites such as Sheikh el-Gharbawi and Qubur al-Yahud (\"Tombs of the Jews\"), uncovering quarries, winepresses, and numerous tombs.", "During his visit in 1870, Guérin engaged in conversations with village elders, who shared a local Arab tradition indicating that all remnants southwest of the stream—including Khirbet el-Hammam, Qubur al-Yahud, and Horbat HaGardi—were once part of a city known as El-Midya.", "Guérin identified ashlar-built structures, tesserae, cisterns, and what locals considered a bathhouse at el-Hammam, hence the name \"Khirbet el-Hammam\", Arabic for \"house of the bathhouse\".", "Through recent studies a realization emerged that these sites of Sheikh el-Gharbawi and Qubur al-Yahud were adjacent to the remains of an ancient settlement encompassing an area of 8 hectares.On the slopes of Khirbet el Hammam, now dissected by the \"Patrol Road\" which follows an ancient road, there are layered remnants of ancient architecture concealed beneath debris, comprising hewn stones, architectural remnants, and cisterns.", "Adjacent to this, pottery from the Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine periods, along with tesserae, are scattered.", "In the forested northern section, remnants of hewn-stone structures are surrounded by Byzantine-era pottery shards, while the southern part, now a cultivated field, yields predominantly Iron Age II pottery sherds, with fewer from the Roman and Byzantine periods.In 1995, a salvage excavation unveiled a Jewish rock-cut burial complex containing kokhim tombs and ossuaries inscribed with names in the square Hebrew and Greek scripts, dating from the late Second Temple Period to the Bar-Kochba war era.", "Another survey in 2000 revealed pottery sherds spanning various periods.", "In 2005, a survey uncovered rock-cut tombs, including kokhim-type tombs, shaft tombs, and tomb chambers, dating from the 2nd century BC to the early centuries CE.Part of a Jewish rock-cut burial complex excavated in 1995 at Khirbet el-HammamA salvage excavation led by Dalit Weinblatt and conducted in 1996-1997 at the center of the site, revealed signs of settlement activity tracing back to the Iron Age, with evidence of successive layers of occupation spanning the Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, and early Arab periods.", "On top of stratified remains and potsherds from the Iron Age, a stratum dating to the Hellenistic and early Roman periods was found, featuring structures constructed from hewn stones, stone floors, a ritual bath, and pottery items.", "This settlement appears to have been destroyed during the Bar-Kochba war.", "The site saw renewed occupation in the late Roman and early Byzantine periods, persisting until the 9th century during the early Muslim period.Boaz Zissu and Lior Perry proposed identifying the site of Khirbet el-Hummam/Khirbet Midieh as the location of both the Second Temple Period Modi'in and its successor, the Byzantine-era site of Moditha.", "They noted that this site meets geographical criteria, preserves the ancient name, and revealed significant findings indicating village existence during both periods.", "They suggest the Byzantine-period settlement was built upon the remains of Second Temple Period Modi'in.=== Umm el-Umdan ===The synagogue at Umm el-UmdanThe archaeological site of Khirbet Umm el-Umdan, situated in the southern outskirts of modern Modi'in, has also been proposed as a possible location for the ancient town.", "The site was unearthed in the 2000s during salvage excavations conducted by the Israel Antiquities Authority amid the development of the Buchman neighborhood.", "The excavations unveiled a rural settlement featuring homes, burial sites, a synagogue and a ritual bath, dating from second century BC to the Bar Kochba war in 132 AD.Excavators Shlomit Wexler-Bdolah, Alexander Onn, and Yehuda Rapuano proposed this site as a possible ancient Modi'in, suggesting that its Arabic name, \"Umm el-Umdan\", preserves the city's ancient name.", "However, the name, Arabic for \"the mother of columns\", is also present in other places within Israel, such as another site situated in the Jerusalem hills and one in the Judean Lowlands.=== Giv'at Tittora ===Givat TittoraAnother site proposed as ancient Modi'in is Giv'at haTittora, also known as al-Burj, situated approximately 7 kilometers southeast of Khirbet el-Hammam, in the northern part of modern Modi'in.", "Surveys and excavations conducted there in the 2000s uncovered several settlement layers, with a Crusader fortress atop the hill.", "The excavators, Shimon Gibson and Egon Lass, suggested to identify the site with ancient Modi'in.", "While the hill has a commanding view of the surroundings, excavations have not yielded substantial evidence of a Second Temple Period settlement, and Hellenistic remains are uncommon.", "Scholars like Zissu and Perry expressed reluctance in accepting this identification due to the lack of clear archaeological evidence and the absence of the ancient name's preservation." ], [ "Sites considered for the Hasmonean burial complex", "Historically, Qubur al-Yahud and Horvat HaGardi were associated with the Tombs of the Maccabees.", "However, scholars now dispute this connection, arguing that these sites date to later periods.", "The original site might have been destroyed during the Bar Kochba revolt and subsequently lost; the tombs remain undiscovered.The two sites historically connected with the tombs, include the \"Tombs of the Maccabees\" (Qubur al-Yahud) and Horvat HaGardi/Sheikh al-Garbawi.=== \"Tombs of the Maccabees\", Qubur al-Yahud ===Byzantine period, thus ruling out their association with the earlier, Hellenistic-period Hasmonean mausoleumOne location historically linked to the Tombs of the Maccabees is a site known in Arabic as \"Qubur al-Yahud\", meaning \"Tombs of the Jews\" (31° 55′ 46″ N, 34° 59′ 40″ E).In December 1908, during the Hanukkah holiday, students and teachers from Herzliya Gymnasium journeyed to the area seeking the tombs of the Maccabees.", "Guided by a shepherd, they arrived at the Qubur el-Yahud tombs, where they lit Hanukkah candles, marking the start of a tradition of pilgrimage and candle-lighting at the site.", "Over the following decades, the tombs became a pilgrimage destination, associated with Zionist ideals, and inspired literary works.", "In 1937, members of the Maccabi movement organized a race from the tombs to Tel Aviv, carrying a torch lit above the site, a tradition continued after the Six-Day War, establishing Qubur el-Yahud as the official \"Tombs of the Maccabees\" site marked on maps alongside the name \"Modi'im.", "\"Scholars have highlighted that the tombs are actually shaft tombs characteristic of the Byzantine period, indicating that they cannot be the original burial complex of the Hasmonean family built centuries earlier, in the 2nd century BC.=== Horvat HaGardi/Sheikh al-Garbawi ===The tomb-shrine of Sheikh al-Garbawi at Horvat HaGardi.", "It is accompanied by a nearby Byzantine structure (\"al-Qal'a\"), once mistakenly thought to be the original mausoleum of the Hasmoneans in the 19th century.", "Its identification as such may have occurred in late antiquity.Horvat HaGardi, located north of Qubur al-Yahud, was also identified with the Maccabees' Tombs.", "This site is alternatively known as Sheikh al-Gharbawi (\"the western sheikh\"), an Islamic tomb-shrine located there.", "Adjacent to the shrine are the remains of a monumental rectangular structure made of ashlars, referred to in Arabic as \"al-Qal'a\" (\"the fortress\").In 1870, Guérin excavated al-Qal'a, claiming it matched descriptions of the Tomb of the Maccabees in ancient texts.", "He reported his findings to the French consul and consulted with architect Moss, who affirmed the identification of the site based on its resemblance to historical accounts.", "This view was also supported by PEF explorer Charles F. Tyrwhitt-Drake.", "However, Clermont-Ganneau's extensive excavations in 1871, which uncovered a mosaic depicting a ''crux immissa'' and an ''arcosolium''-type burial cave, suggest that the structure likely originated as a Christian structure in the Byzantine period, dating back to the fifth century AD.", "He proposed that it could have served as a Christian mausoleum commemorating the Maccabees' burial place, a theory supported by Eusebius' mention of the tombs of the Maccabees still being shown in his time.The theory that the al-Qal'a structure originated as a Christian structure may have been regarded as the burial site of the Hasmoneans during the Byzantine period gained support from recent scholarship, including trial excavations led by Amit Re'em of the Israel Antiquities Authority in 2011.This theory was also accepted by Zissu and Perry." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Kostanjevac" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Kostanjevac''' may refer to:* Kostanjevac, Bjelovar-Bilogora County, a village near Berek, Croatia* Kostanjevac, Zagreb County, a village in the municipality of Žumberak, Croatia" ], [ "See also", "* Kostanjevec (disambiguation)* Kostanjevica (disambiguation)" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Church of St Mary Magdalene, Goldcliff" ], [ "Introduction", "'''St Mary Magdalene's Church''' stands in the village of Goldcliff, to the southeast of the city of Newport, Wales.", "An active parish church and a Grade II listed building, it is situated directly behind the Farmer's Arms public house." ], [ "History", "Cadw dates the church to the 12th century.", "It was rebuilt in the 14th century and afterwards, possibly using material from Goldcliff Priory after that was destroyed in a storm in 1424.The priory had been given to Eton College by Henry VI shortly after he had founded the school in 1440, and the connection between the church and the college continued into the early 20th century.The tower is probably an 18th- or 19th-century addition.", "It contains one bell, recast by Taylors of Loughborough in 1969.In the 19th century, the church was subject to an \"austere\" Victorian reconstruction.", "The church contains a plaque, installed by the churchwardens in 1609, commemorating the losses, material and human, which occurred during the 1607 Bristol Channel floods.", "It also has a modest memorial to the three men of Goldcliff who died in the First World War.", "There is a medieval font with an 18th-century cover.The church is described by local historian Fred Hando in his 1958 ''Out and About in Monmouthshire''.", "He includes a sketch of the church, with its avenue of pollarded lime trees and notes that above the porch is a sundial inscribed \"C.W.", "1729\".St Mary Magdalene's is an active parish church within the Netherwent Ministry Area, which covers the area between Newport and Chepstow, from Portskewett and Sudbrook on the Severn Estuary in the east to Nash on the Gwent Levels in the west.", "Services are held fortnightly." ], [ "Architecture and description", "The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales echoes Cadw's description of the Victorian efforts, considering them an \"austere\" example of the Decorated Gothic Revival.", "The church is of stone with a slate roof.", "The battlemented tower is of three storeys.", "The church is a Grade II listed building.", "Its churchyard cross is a scheduled monument." ], [ "Gallery", "File:St Marys Goldcliff.jpg\|Church towerFile:South Porch, St Mary Magdalene's, Goldcliffe - geograph.org.uk - 5368099.jpg\|South Porch, with avenue of lime treesFile:Interior of Goldcliff Parish Church - geograph.org.uk - 754593.jpg\|Church interiorFile:754586 a96910f6.jpg\|Brass plaque for the 1607 Great Flood" ], [ "Notes" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Lutetium nitride" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Lutetium nitride''' is a binary inorganic compound of lutetium and nitrogen with the chemical formula ." ], [ "Preparation", "Lutetium nitride can be prepared from direct nitridation of lutetium at 1600 °C::" ], [ "Physical properties", "Lutetium nitride crystalyzes with cubic crystal system of the space group of ''F3m3''." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Kostanjevec (disambiguation)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Kostanjevec''' is a village near Slovenska Bistrica, Slovenia.", "'''Kostanjevec''' may also refer to:* Kostanjevec Podvrški, a village near Samobor, Croatia* Kostanjevec Riječki, a village near Gornja Rijeka, Croatia" ], [ "See also", "* Kostanjevac (disambiguation)* Kostanjevica (disambiguation)" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "The Sibyl (play)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''The Sibyl, or The Elder Brutus''''' is a tragedy by the English writer Richard Cumberland.", "Written but not performed or printed in his lifetime, it was included in the posthumous collections of his works published in 1813.Inspired by the Cumaean Sibyl, it depicts the overthrow of the Roman monarchy.", "On 3 December 1818 it premiered at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane in London.", "John Howard Payne substantially reworked the piece for production while Edmund Kean played the role of Brutus.", "It was performed and published under the title ''Brutus''." ], [ "References" ], [ "Bibliography", "* Burwick, Frederick.", "''Time in Romantic Theatre''.", "Springer Nature, 2022.", "* Greene, John C. ''Theatre in Dublin, 1745-1820: A Calendar of Performances, Volume 6''.", "Lexington Books, 2011.", "* Nicoll, Allardyce.", "''A History of English Drama 1660–1900: Volume III''.", "Cambridge University Press, 2009.", "* Williams, Stanley Thomas.", "''Richard Cumberland: His Life and Dramatic Works''.", "Yale University Press, 1917." ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Margaret Oppen" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Margaret Oppen''' born '''Margaret \"Daisy\" Arnott''' (1890 – 1975) was an Australian artist, correspondent and embroiderer.", "She founded the Embroiderers' Guild branch in New South Wales.", "Her letters to her mother have been published as \"Letters from Daisy\"." ], [ "Life", "Oppen was born in 1890 in Newcastle, New South Wales.", "Her mother was \"Polly\" Mary Eleanor, (born Dixon) and she called Margaret, \"Daisy\".", "Her father was William Arnott and his father was William Arnott known for making biscuits.", "Her parents frequently went to Britain and she went along.", "She obtained her artistic training in Sydney and London.", "In Sydney she studied at Julian Rossi Ashton's school and in London she attended the Grosvenor School of Modern Art and the Slade School of Fine Art.In 1924 she was cutting blocks and one of her woodcuts appeared in ''Art in Australia'' that year.", "In the following year her lino-cuts were in the ''Younger Group of Australian Artists'' exhibition in Sydney.", "She was in Britain in 1929 when she began to write letters to her mother in Australia telling her of her new son, Conrad.", "She returned to Australia in 1934/5 with her husband, Hans Oppen, and their two children.", "During the war she assisted with occupational therapy and after it she went to work at the Ethleen Palmer's Double Bay studio of the Society of Arts and Crafts.", "There she created embroidery working with Ann Gilmour Rees and Dora Sweetapple.", "In 1949 she and Ethleen Palmer held a joint exhibition at Sydney's Grovesnor Galeries where Palmer showed her silk screen prints and Oppen showed her embroidery.", "The embroidery was unusual because it was freehand.", "Oppen did not sketch or fund an image, but she would create embroidery on household items such as tablecloths and aprons.Oppen went to study again in London at the Royal School of Needlework and she joined the Embroiderers Guild.", "When she returned to Sydney she led a group who decided to open a branch of the guild in New South Wales.", "With permission of the guild's patron, Queen Mary, the branch was formed in 1955.In 1967 she was teaching in evening classes as part of the Embroiderers' Guild of N.S.W.", "Summer School." ], [ "Death and legacy", "Oppen died in Sydney at the Royal North Shore Hospital in 1975.Every two years the Embroidery Guild of New South Wales has an open competition that is named in her honour as a founding member.", "In 2023 the prize was $500.The letters that she wrote home to her mother have been the basis of a limited publication titled \"Letters from Daisy\" created by members of her family." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Biography at ADB" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Mountain View Open (tennis)" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Mountain View Open''' was a men's and women's hard court international tennis tournament founded in 1965.Also known as the '''Mountain View Tennis Tournament''' it was played at the Cuesta Tennis Center, Cuesta Park, Mountain View, California, United States until 2019." ], [ "History", "Founded in 1964 as the Mountain View Tennis Tournament the event was organized by the Mountain View Tennis in association with the Mountain View Parks and Recreation Department, and was played at the Cuesta Tennis Center, Cuesta Park, Mountain View, California, United States.", "The event was sanctioned by both the United States Tennis Association and the Northern California Tennis Association.", "The tournament was played as part of the ILTF World Circuit until 1969 for men and 1972 for women when it became part of the ILTF Independent Circuit until 1977 when it was downgraded to local USTA event.", "In 1992 the tournament lost its sponsorship arrangement with the City of Mountview, and its Parks and Recreation Department and as such was no longer sanctioned by the USTA.", "It did however continued to be held independently until 1994 when it was discontinued.", "In 1999 the event was revived as a local USTA tournament until 2019 but due the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 it was cancelled and has not been revived as of 2024." ], [ "Finals", "===Men's singles===(Incomplete roll)YearWinnersRunners-upScore1965 Don Gale Butch Krikorian 6–1, 6–4 .1966 Garth O'Maley Gene Ward7–5, 6–4.1967 Whitney Reed Tom Brown 6–4, 6–4.1968 Robert Potthast Whitney Reed6–1, 5–7, 9–7.↓ Open era ↓1969 Zdravko Mincek Rich Anderson8–6, 6–2.1970 Tom Brown Robert Potthast7–6, 7–6.1971 Roscoe Tanner Chuck Darley 6–3, 6–2.1972 Sandy Mayer Roscoe Tanner6–1, 6–7, 6–3.1973 Nick Saviano Dick R. Bohrnstedt6-0, 3–6, 6–3.1974 Bob Siska Nick Saviano 0–6, 6–2, 6–4.1975 João Soares Scott Carnahan4–6, 7–6, 6–3 1976 Craig Johnson Richard Andrews 5–7, 6–1, 6–2===Women's singles===(Incomplete roll)YearWinnersRunners-upScore1969 Tina Lyman Marlene Muench6–1, 6–2 1970 Ann Kiyomura Kate Latham 7–5, 4–6, 6–0 1971 Ann Kiyomura (2) Barbara Downs 6–3, 5–7, 6–3 1972 Kate Latham Marcy O'Keefe 1–6, 6–1, 6–11973 Kate Latham (2) Marcy O'Keefe 6–4, 6–3 1974 Sue Mehmedbasich Peanut Louie 6–4, 6–3 1975 Sue Mehmedbasich (2) Peanut Louie 6–3, 7–61976 Peanut Louie Denise Carter-Triolo 7–6, 6–1" ], [ "References" ], [ "Sources", "* Mountain View Open" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Dorstenia kameruniana" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Dorstenia kameruniana''''' is a herbaceous plant species within the family Moraceae." ], [ "Description", "A shrub or small tree with thick leafy stems, sometimes reaching tall but often or less.", "Leaves have a distichous arrangement with a surface that is paper to leathery.", "The outline of the leaflets is lanceolate to elliptic, the length can reach and width capable of reaching , while the margin tends to be dentate to lobed.", "The Inflorescence is commonly solitary, the peduncle is long." ], [ "Distribution and habitat", "Found in parts of West Africa in Guinea eastwards to Ivory Coast and then in Central and Eastern Africa from Cameroun to Tanzania.", "Occurs as an understorey in humid and gallery forests or at the edges of savannahs." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Genrikh Abramovich" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Genrikh Abramovich''' (May 1, 1911, Warsaw – March 27, 1995, Moscow) was Soviet scientist in the field of aeromechanics, theoretical and applied gas dynamics." ], [ "Biography", "Born on May 1, 1911, in Warsaw in the family of Naum Abramovich, a student at the Warsaw Polytechnic Institute.", "In his youth, his father became interested in revolutionary activities, was arrested, deported, and was in prison (according to family legend, in the same cell with G. M. Krzhizhanovsky).He studied at the music school named after A. N. Scriabin (now the Academic Music College at the Moscow Conservatory) in the class of A. V. Alexandrov.In 1929, he entered the Moscow Higher Technical University at the heat engineering department of the construction faculty.In 1932, Abramovich was hired by TsAGI.He mastered the control of the U-2 aircraft and flew on it.Abramovich conducted practical classes in theoretical mechanics at the Moscow Institute of Engineering and Technology (MISI) (1932), and lectured on industrial aerodynamics (1933).", "He taught at the Moscow Aviation Institute (1939–1991), professor (1945), head of the department of theory of air-breathing engines (1962–1982), State Tax Service (1991–1995) .In February 1944, he was appointed deputy director of the Institute of Jet Aviation ( NII-1 ), created in connection with the closure of the RNII and the removal of A.G. Kostikov from work on jet technology.As part of Soviet delegations, he traveled to Germany in the spring of 1945 to select materials in connection with the study and development of German jet technology, and was the leader of a group of NII-1 specialists who were members of the commission of the Ministry of Aviation Industry.At the beginning of 1945, from NII-1 of the Ministry of Aviation Industry, he was invited to CIAM (part-time) by V.I.", "Polikovsky to organize research in the field of aerogasdynamics of engines.", "Led a scientific seminar.", "He remained the head of the gas dynamics laboratory he had previously organized at NII-1 (until 1952), and at the same time gave a course of lectures on hydrogas dynamics at the Moscow Aviation Institute.From 1946 to 1951, he was a professor at the Faculty of Physics and Technology of Moscow University.Tomb of Abramovich in moscowAbramovich died on March 27, 1995.He was buried in Moscow at the Kuntsevo cemetery." ], [ "Bibliography", "* Gas dynamics of air-jet engines Газовая динамика воздушно-реактивных двигателей, Moscow, 1947;* Fundamentals of the theories of air-jet engines Основы теорий воздушно-реактивных двигателей, Moscow, 1947;* Turbulent flows under the influence of volumetric forces and non-self-similarity Турбулентные течения при воздействии объёмных сил и неавтомодельности / ''G.", "N. Abramovich, S. Yu.", "Krasheninnikov , A. N. Sekundov'' .", "- Moscow: Mechanical Engineering, 1975.- 94 p. : crap.", "; 21 cm.", "* Applied gas dynamics.", "Прикладная газовая динамика Moscow: Nauka, 1976 .", "* ''Abramovich G. N., Girshovich T. A., Krasheninnikov S.", "Yu., Sekundov A. N., Smirnova I. P.'' Theory of turbulent jets Теория турбулентных струй / Ed.", "G. N. Abramovich.", "2nd ed.", "- M.: Nauka, 1984.- 720 p." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "David Trigger" ], [ "Introduction", "'''David Samuel Trigger''' is an Australian anthropologist, author, and academic.", "He is a Professor Emeritus of Anthropology at the University of Queensland (UQ) as well as Adjunct Professor at the University of Western Australia (UWA).", "He is a Member and previous Co-Chair of the Professor Ronald Berndt and Dr. Catherine Berndt Research Foundation at UWA and has served as the Co-Director of the Centre for Native Title Anthropology at the Australian National University.", "He is the Principal Partner in David S. Trigger & Associates consulting anthropologists.Trigger is most known for his research in applied anthropological studies, specifically focusing on Indigenous land negotiations in Australian society, contributing directly asa researcher in native title claims, heritage matters, and agreements between Aboriginal groups and other land users.", "He has authored reports for legal cases and published academic journal articles and book chapters.", "He is the author of ''Whitefella Comin: Aboriginal Responses to Colonialism in Northern Australia''.", "He co-edited ''Disputed Territories: Land, Culture, and Identity in Settler Societies''.", "He has won awards including a Canadian Studies Faculty Enrichment Award, Canadian Studies Faculty Research Award, and (with co-authors) The Mander Jones Award issued by the Australian Society of Archivists.Trigger is a Fellow of the Australian Anthropological Society and a Member of the Australian Institute of Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Studies." ], [ "Early life and education", "Trigger earned a Bachelor of Arts in Anthropology from UQ, served as an Assistant Lecturer in Anthropology at Darwin Community College in 1976–1977, and worked as a Site Recorder mapping Indigenous cultural landscapes at UQ from 1978 to 1983.He completed his Ph.D. thesis in 1984, titled ''Doomadgee: A Study of Power Relations and Social Action in a North Australian Aboriginal Settlement'', and was awarded the degree in 1986.His research with Indigenous communities in Australia's northern Gulf Country became an anchor for his subsequent career as an anthropologist." ], [ "Career", "Trigger joined The University of Western Australia (UWA) in 1986 and served as Lecturer, Senior Lecturer, and Associate Professor in Anthropology & Sociology until 1999, then held the position of Professor from 2000 until 2007.Moving to The University of Queensland (UQ), he was appointed as a Professor at the School of Social Science and assumed the role of Head of School from 2011 to 2013.Since 2019, he has been Professor Emeritus at UQ and an Adjunct Professor at UWA." ], [ "Research", "Trigger has explored questions of belonging in post-colonial societies through his work in remote Australian communities and relationships among people with diverse cultural identities.", "He has studied the overlaps and divergences of identity and belonging among those with Aboriginal, Euro-Australian, and Asian ancestries, drawing from concepts of 'nativeness' and 'invasiveness' to understand their implications for cultural identities and land management.", "He has also contributed to the anthropological study of Indigenous land tenure through his research on resource development negotiations and formal engagements as an expert witness in native title claim work across Australia.In the field of Australian Aboriginal Studies, Trigger has researched Indigenous systems of land tenure, encompassing practical investigations into negotiating cultural heritage and traditional rights in land and waters.", "His PhD work delved into everyday aspects of social interaction, considering the legacies of colonialism and diverse ancestries to depict the history of inter-racial and intercultural relations in Doomadgee settlement.", "He then authored ''Whitefella Comin: Aboriginal Responses to Colonialism in Northern Australia'', in 1992, and examined Black-White relations in the Gulf Country, particularly life at Doomadgee under Brethren missionaries from 1930 to 1983.Campbell Macknight reviewed this work and highlighted the book for significantly contributing to the complexities of colonialism, shedding light on the broader inequality between Aboriginal people and other Australians.Trigger has advocated for recognition of anthropologists' involvement in Aboriginal land rights, emphasizing the challenges and rewards of applied anthropology, and highlighting the importance of tangible outcomes for people, including legal rights and an improved bargaining position.", "With Martin Forsey and Carla Meurk, he emphasized the methodological importance of memorable events in ethnographic studies, highlighting the value of revelatory moments during fieldwork.In his co-edited volume, ''Disputed Territories: Land, Culture, and Identity in Settler Societies'', Trigger studied the role of land in shaping cultural identities in settler societies, focusing on Australasia and southern Africa where European perspectives have intersected with indigenous cultures and southern hemisphere environments.", "Sue Kossew called it \"a valuable addition to and development of the important issue of the 'disputed territories' of settler societies and of the ongoing and reciprocal nature of colonial and post-colonial exchanges.", "\"===Land rights negotiations===Trigger researched negotiations over land rights in the Gulf Country and other regions since the introduction of native title, addressing complexities such as changing oral traditions, cultural landscapes, and diverse approaches to the politics of indigenism.", "He has shared his perspective on how native title has enhanced the bargaining position of Indigenous groups, creating a new avenue for post-colonial politics.In the Gulf of Carpentaria region, Trigger focused his research on issues including mining impacts, politics of belonging, race relations, cultural change, and native title, challenging the perception that applied research is ethically inappropriate.", "He also explored the relationship between mining projects and Indigenous cultural landscapes, acknowledging conflicts, especially when mines disrupted spiritual significance.", "Diving into the impact of mining in remote Aboriginal regions of Australia, he scrutinized responses to the Century Mine in the Gulf country, illustrating the challenges mining posed to Aboriginal communities.===Nativeness and belonging===Trigger has conducted fieldwork in the Gulf country and across Australia and made contributions to the literature on assumptions about nativeness and the politics of belonging in a post-colonial context.", "Exploring how Aboriginal people and other Australians express their sense of connection and belonging, he emphasized spiritual significance for Aboriginal people of the Gulf Country whereas Whitefellas place greater emphasis on the practical value of the land and the importance of the life stories of both deceased and living relatives.", "He also noted the insufficiency of a basic concept of 'non-Indigenous' solidarity in relation to social identities linked to diverse ethnic histories of migration to Australia and subsequent connections to places and environmental surroundings.", "Throughout his career he has continued his personal and intellectual interest in Jewish identity including relations between a global diaspora and the State of Israel.With co-authors Jane Mulcock and Richard Martin, Trigger has criticized simplistic ideas of any total lack of 'non-Indigenous' belonging and senses of place.", "His studies have encompassed environmentalism, pro-development ideology, and notions of which flora and fauna come to be regarded as native or indigenous.", "In the context of ecological restoration, he investigated cultural assumptions about nativeness and belonging, employing case materials to reveal the negotiated and ambiguous nature of ideas regarding what culturally and ecologically belongs in the nation.", "Additionally, he offered a politically productive perspective on belonging to emphasize the inevitability of coexistence among diverse social identities in the context of legacies of settler colonialism and migration to the Australian continent." ], [ "Awards and honors", "1989 – Canadian Studies Faculty Enrichment Award, Central European Canadian Studies1993 – Canadian Studies Faculty Research Award, Central European Canadian Studies2020 – The Mander Jones Award, Australian Society of Archivists" ], [ "Bibliography", "===Books===''Whitefella Comin: Aboriginal Responses to Colonialism in Northern Australia'' (1992) ISBN 978-0521131780''Disputed Territories: Land, Culture, and Identity in Settler Societies'' (2003) ISBN 978-9622096929===Selected articles===Trigger, D. S. (1986).", "Blackfellas and Whitefellas: the concepts of domain and social closure in the analysis of race‐relations.", "Mankind, 16(2), 99–117.", "Trigger, D. S. (1997).", "Mining, landscape and the culture of development ideology in Australia.", "Ecumene, 4(2), 161–180.", "Head, L., Trigger, D., & Mulcock, J.", "(2005).", "Culture as concept and influence in environmental research and management.", "Conservation and Society, 251–264.", "Trigger, D., Mulcock, J., Gaynor, A., & Toussaint, Y.", "(2008).", "Ecological restoration, cultural preferences and the negotiation of ‘nativeness’ in Australia.", "Geoforum, 39(3), 1273–1283.", "Trigger, D. S. (2008).", "Indigeneity, ferality, and what ‘belongs’ in the Australian bush: Aboriginal responses to ‘introduced’animals and plants in a settler‐descendant society.", "Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 14(3), 628–646.", "Trigger, D. (2008).", "Place, belonging and nativeness in Australia.", "In Making Sense of Place: Exploring concepts and expressions of place through different senses and lenses, 29(1), 301–309.", "Trigger 1, D. (2011).", "Anthropology pure and profane: The politics of applied research in Aboriginal Australia.", "In Anthropological Forum, 21(3) 233–255.Routledge.", "Trigger, D., & Martin, R. J.", "(2016).", "Place, indigeneity, and identity in Australia's gulf country.", "American Anthropologist, 118(4), 824–837.DOI: 10.1111/aman.12681Trigger, D. (2020).", "Distinguished lecture: Native title—Implications for Australian senses of place and belonging.", "The Australian Journal of Anthropology, 31(1), 9-30., DOI: 10.1111/taja.1234112(5), 513–527." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia

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