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444_13 | the Antilles. |
444_14 | In 1997, they bought a house in their beloved Bergen. Sjoerd wrote letters about the move and everything that preceded it, which he collected in 2004 in the booklet De weg naar Bergen (The Road to Bergen), later included in Kwaaie verhalen van liefde (Angry stories of love) (2014). After a Vlag en Wimpel, two Zilveren Griffels and one Gouden Griffel, Sjoerd was asked by the CPNB to write the 2000 Dutch children's book week gift: Eiber!, a prose adaptation of the puppet play De Eiber that he had written for Trudy's theatre. Three hundred thousand copies were printed and distributed.
The noughties |
444_15 | The sky seemed to be the limit, but that turned out to be an illusion. Everything changed and Sjoerd, who had started at De Bezige Bij, a cooperative society owned by the authors and publishing house full of idealism where love for books and their creators was paramount, could hardly cope with this. His publisher Leopold was swallowed up by the WPG group, which had such an influence on the publishing policy that he could no longer continue working with the publisher. Moreover, youth culture seemed to have been abolished in past few years: the media no longer had any interest, libraries were closed, less successful titles were remaindered and did not get a second chance, the sales figures dropped dramatically. All this can be found in the high-profile Annie M.G. Schmidt speech that Sjoerd gave on 13 May 2009: Over het nieuwe uitgeven en mijn oude schrijversneus (About the new way of publishing and my old writer's nose). His statements received a lot of attention in the press, but later |
444_16 | he himself observed: 'After that it only got worse'. All this also had consequences for his own income. |
444_17 | Director Peter de Baan asked him to write lyrics for the musical De scheepsjongens van Bontekoe (Java Ho! The Adventures of Four Boys Amid Fire, Storm, and Shipwreck). which was performed in 2003. In the course of this decade Sjoerd would contribute, mostly lyrics, sometimes scenario, to eleven musicals, six for children and four for adults. The best known were Turks fruit (Turkish Delight) from 2005, after Jan Wolkers' novel, for which he wrote lyrics that earned him a John Kraaijkamp Musical Award, directed by Peter de Baan, De diepvriesdames (The Frozen Ladies) (2008), after a story by Annie M.G. Schmidt, and the original Dromen zijn bedrog (Dreams don't come true) (2009), for which he wrote the script with Dick van den Heuvel - both directed by Frank Lammers. The latter's script also received a Musical Award. |
444_18 | In this period, Margje and Sjoerd started writing together. It all started in 2004 with the picture book Jij bent mijn mama niet! (You're not my mom!). Margje provided idea and synopsis and Sjoerd finished it. They also wrote forty stories for a method of teaching Nature & Technology by publisher Malmberg (2009). More picture books followed, Sjim and Sjon eten gek (Jim and John Eat Funny) (2009), Mama Lief Alsjeblieft (For You, Sweet Mama) (2014), Kom uit die boom (Get out of that tree) (2015), and stories from famous paintings for ‘Het grote Rijksmuseum voorleesboek ('The Big Rijksmuseum Reading Book'), ‘Het meisje met de parel ('The Girl with the Pearl Earring') from the Mauritshuis, ‘Rembrandts voorleesbijbel’ ('Rembrandt's Bible Stories') from the Rembrandthuis and ‘Het grote Rembrandt voorleesboek’ ('The Big Rembrandt Reading Book') from the Rijksmuseum. Margje did the research and came up with the story, and Sjoerd wrote it. |
444_19 | Sjoerd's father died in 2006. He wrote about his father's death in the collection September (2009) and narrated and sang about it in the musical theatre play Dode vaders, lieve zonen (Dead Fathers, Dear Sons), which he played with friends in 2010 and 2011. He also left Leopold and joined Nieuw Amsterdam publishing house. The appreciation for his work remained constant, he won two Zilveren Griffels in addition to the two Musicals Awards during this period, but sales continued to decline, and when he had voiced his dissatisfaction with the state of affairs in the world of children's books in his Annie M.G. Schmidt speech, his new publisher was not amused and he asked Sjoerd to publish his work elsewhere in the future. The collaboration lasted three years, three books and two Griffels.
The 10s |
444_20 | During his time at Nieuw Amsterdam, Sjoerd already contacted Hoogland & Van Klaveren publishers in Hoorn. He wanted Het boek van Josje (Josie's book), which had not been available for ten years and for which there was still a lot of demand, to be reprinted. In 2009 it appeared there under the name Josje (Josie). In 2011, Lemniscaat Publishers published Mijn opa de bankrover (My grandfather the bank robber), the story on which the film of the same name was based, which was released in the same year and became the first film written by Sjoerd to be given a golden status: there were 150,000 paying visitors. Also in 2011, Lemniscaat released the last part of the series about Robin: O rode papaver, boem pats knal (O red poppy, boom pats pop!) for which Sjoerd was awarded his fifth Zilveren Griffel. |
444_21 | The bond with Curaçao and Aruba became stronger. Ròi Colastica was looking for a coach to write his first Dutch-language youth novel and asked Sjoerd for help. Together with Margje they worked on it for months, in Bergen and Willemstad. Sjoerd reported on it in 'Twee harten op een tafel' (‘Two hearts on a table)’, recorded in Kwaaie verhalen van liefde (Angry stories of love). Ròi's book, Vuurwerk in mijn hoofd (Fireworks in My Head), was published by Leopold in 2012. Through long conversations with Ròi and his family and friends, Sjoerd got to know the soul of Curaçao so well, that he finally found the courage to write a book about the children of the island. That was De duik (The Dive), which was published by Lemniscaat in 2014. Ròi later said: 'It is unbelievable that this book was written by a makamba'. In 2017, Sjoerd wrote Aruba's children's book week gift Het spannendste boek van de wereld (The most thrilling book in the world), which was distributed to schoolchildren in a |
444_22 | bilingual edition, Papiamento and Dutch, and in 2019, De duik (The Dive) was published in Papiamento and Papiamentu by Charuba publishing house. |
444_23 | In 2014 not only De duik (The Dive) was published, but also Mama Lief Alsjeblieft (For You, Dear Mama), which he wrote together with Margje, and Kwaaie verhalen van liefde (Angry Stories on Love) and De vrienden van Sinterklaas (The Friends of Sinterklaas) and Hotel De Grote L (The Big L Hotel) saw the light of day. Sjoerd celebrated his fortieth anniversary as a writer in the Ruïne church in Bergen with speeches and readings by friends and a performance by the Bintangs, and on that occasion he was appointed Officier in de Orde van Oranje-Nassau. Hotel De Grote L (The Big L Hotel) was to be his greatest success to date: it was filmed, adapted twice for theatre, more than forty thousand copies were sold in the Netherlands, it ended up in the top ten of the CPNB and appeared in ten countries. Sjoerd still travels to Italy every year to give lectures on the book. |
444_24 | In 2018 there was a break with Lemniscaat Publishers. Neither party made any public announcements about the reason. Sjoerd had occasionally continued to publish books at Hoogland & Van Klaveren - including the poetry collection Mooi leven (Beautiful Life) (2016), with paintings by Margje - and has now definitely made it his publisher, both with his work for young people and with that for adults. In March 2019 his youth novel Bizar (Bizarre) appeared.
On the barricades |
444_25 | With socialist grandparents and parents, the work of Sjoerd Kuyper is not only characterised by poetic language, but also by social involvement. It started with his first publication, a poem in the Brielse school newspaper, the pacifist Thoughts of an ex-general, followed by NATO Blues, which he sang with friends in the shopping streets of Alkmaar and on TV in the late 1960s, and in MaGier and the MiddelMan (MaVulture and the MiddleMan) (1984) the evil aspects of the faith were denounced. The anger never disappeared. In fact, it was getting bigger and bigger. In his work but also elsewhere, as was the case with Astrid Lindgren and Miep Diekmann. |
444_26 | In the early 1990s, enormous mergers between schools took place in the field of education. The motto was that larger schools could offer more quality, but in reality it was a matter of cutbacks. Sjoerd opposed this increase in scale by means of local media and a submission in De Volkskrant, partly because the small and pleasant primary school of his children was in danger of being closed down. The struggle was lost. To the great sadness, still, of all those who worked and are working in education. Sjoerd incorporated these experiences with local and national politics in his book De schoolstrijd (The School Struggle) (1997), later republished as De leukste jongen van de school (The Cutest Guy In School) (2002). |
444_27 | In 1994, he was asked to write a TV series about refugees and the fairy tales they had brought back from their country of birth: De zevenmijlskoffers (The Seven-Mile Suitcases). A number of stories from this series were included in the collection of short stories Alleen mijn verhalen nam ik mee (My Stories Are All I Brought) (1998) and the text of the title song that Sjoerd had written for it, Mensen met koffers (People with suitcases), which was never used at the time, was shared as a poem thousands of times on the internet twenty years later, when the discussion about the admission of refugees in the Netherlands flared up. In 2012 he and Tjeerd Oosterhuis wrote a song on the same theme, Hallo wereld (Hello World) for Kinderen voor Kinderen (Children for Chidre), which has been watched and listened to more than twelve million times on YouTube. |
444_28 | Sjoerd gave lectures such as Over het nieuwe publiceren en mijn oude schrijversneus (About the new way of publishing and my old writer's nose) (2009), Machiavelli en de Veertig Rooie Ruggen (Machiavelli and the Forty Thousand Euros) (2011) and Terug naar het Paradijs (Return to Paradise) (2015), in which he showed how important youth literature is and how bad it is to fob off its makers. They won him support and thanks from colleagues but since then - see above - it's only got worse. |
444_29 | The Zwarte Piet discussion (‘Black Pete’ debate) was a hot topic in the Netherlands. Sjoerd was inspired by his children and their friends, who settled in his house from all directions, and their stories, and those of his grandchildren Kingston and Doortje, who are half Surinamese, to write a book about how the Sinterklaasfeest could be festive for everyone, with pieten in all colours: De vrienden van Sinterklaas (The Friends of Sinterklaas) (2014). This got him involved in the national discussion and when his opinion was asked about The Sinterklaasjournaal and he said in Trouw that it was 'zum kotzen', so racist, that was not appreciated on the social media. As a reaction he wrote the books Het kleinste Pietje (The Smallest Pietje) (2015) and, at the request of the Stichting Sinterklaasintocht Amsterdam, Het verhaal van Sinterklaas (The Story of Sinterklaas) (2018). With composer Floor Minnaert he made the Sinterklaas song Al die kleuren (All those colours). Sjoerd said in an |
444_30 | interview: 'I've fought a lot in my life and lost a lot, but this is a winner, although not everyone knows it yet. Those who are still in favour of Zwarte Piet will have a lot to explain to their grandchildren later on.' After that, Sjoerd's commitment withdrew to his books - see his most recent youth novels De duik and Bizar (The Dive and Bizarre). |
444_31 | References
External links
Sjoerd Kuyper (in Dutch), Digital Library for Dutch Literature
1952 births
Living people
20th-century Dutch male writers
21st-century Dutch male writers
Dutch children's writers
Gouden Griffel winners |
445_0 | Stephanie-Elise Catley (born 26 January 1994) is an Australian professional soccer player who plays as a defender for Arsenal and the Australian national team, the Matildas. She previously played for Reign FC, Orlando Pride, and Portland Thorns FC in the American National Women's Soccer League (NWSL) as well as Melbourne Victory and Melbourne City in the Australian W-League.
Catley was named PFA Women's Player of the Year in 2020. She was awarded the W-League's Young Player of the Year for the 2012-13 season and the Female U20 Footballer of the Year by Football Federation Australia in 2012 and 2013. |
445_1 | Early life
Born and raised in Melbourne by her parents Lesley and Stephen, Catley joined her first soccer team at age six. She was the only girl on the East Bentleigh FC squad, the same team her older brother Daniel had played on. She noted, "I fell in love with the game and with the idea of making myself the best footballer that I could be. I trained by myself, with my brother and with the other boys in the team until I made my first representative team." At age 13, she started playing for Sandringham, one of the largest soccer clubs in Victoria. When she was 15, Catley made her first state team and was chosen for the under-17 national team.
Professional career
Melbourne Victory, 2009–14 |
445_2 | A talented youngster who played for the South East Cougars in Football Federation Victoria's Victorian Champions League program, Catley made her senior debut with Melbourne Victory at a young age, playing Perth Glory at only fifteen years of age in October 2009. Originally playing predominantly in the midfield before converting to fullback, Catley was a key figure in a young team and scored her maiden goal in her second season at the Victory three days before her birthday against Perth Glory in January 2011. Following a switch to defence for the 2011/12 season, Catley had her most impressive season to date and was named Female Footballer of the Year. She later became captain of the Victory, making 51 appearances, scoring 7 goals in her first 5 years playing for the club. |
445_3 | Portland Thorns FC, 2014–15
Catley signed with Portland Thorns in the United States' National Women's Soccer League (NWSL) for the 2014 season. Catley made 14 starts in 15 matches as a defender during the 2014 season. Portland finished in third place with a record. The third place finish earned the team a berth to the semi-finals where the Thorns were defeated 2–0 by eventual champions FC Kansas City. Catley was named to the league's Second XI Team at the end of the season for her five assists.
During the 2015 season, Catley played in three games for the Thorns as much of her time was usurped by the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup. Portland finished in sixth place with a record. |
445_4 | Melbourne Victory (loan), 2014–15
During the NWSL offseason, Catley signed a loan agreement to return to her original club, the Melbourne Victory, for the 2014 W-League season. She was captain and a starting defender in all 13 games she played helping Victory finish in second place during the regular season with a record. Catley scored a goal against Canberra on 28 September lifting Melbourne Victory to a 4–2 win. She scored her second goal of the season during a 3–0 win over Western Sydney Wanderers on 9 November. After advancing to the semifinals, Melbourne Victory was defeated by eventual champions, Canberra United, in a penalty kick shootout. |
445_5 | Melbourne City (loan), 2015–16
On 17 September 2015, newly created Melbourne City announced they had signed Catley on a loan agreement for the 2015–16 W-League season. Catley was a starting defender in all 13 matches she played. Melbourne City finished in first place during their inaugural season with an undefeated record. During the semifinal match on 25 January 2016, Catley scored the fourth penalty for Melbourne City in a penalty shootout win against the Brisbane Roar earning a berth to the 2016 W-League Grand Final. Melbourne City won the Grand Final 4–1 against Sydney FC.
Orlando Pride, 2016–17 |
445_6 | On 10 December 2015, Portland Thorns announced they had traded Catley to expansion team Orlando Pride in exchange for goalkeeper Adrianna Franch and a 3rd round pick (#21) in the 2016 NWSL College Draft, which was used to select Arizona State Sun Devils defender McKenzie Berryhill. Catley scored Orlando's first-ever goal in the NWSL on 21 April 2016, which was subsequently voted by fans as the NWSL Goal of the Week. She was a starting defender in all eleven games that she played. The Pride finished their inaugural season in ninth place with a record. |
445_7 | Catley returned to the Pride for the 2017 season. She was a starting defender in all 24 games recording 2,120 minutes on the pitch. During a match against Houston Dash, Catley's last-minute goal-line clearance was voted NWSL Save of the Week for Week 10. Orlando climbed the league ladder to a third place finish during the regular season earning a berth to their first NWSL Playoffs. Orlando was defeated by the Portland Thorns 4–1 in the semi-final. Catley was named to the NWSL Second XI Team after the season. |
445_8 | Melbourne City (loan), 2016–18 |
445_9 | Catley signed two other loan agreements with Melbourne City for the 2016–17 W-League and 2017–18 W-League seasons. Upon returning to Australia, Catley was named captain of the reigning league champions, Melbourne City. City went on to be Grand Final Champions in both these campaigns. During the 2016–17 season, Catley captained the team as the starting left-back defender in all 14 games of the regular season. She scored a goal in the 74th minute of a 3–0 win over Melbourne Victory on 27 November 2016. Melbourne City finished in fourth place during the regular season with a record and earned a berth to the Final Stages. After defeating Canberra United 1–0 in extra time during the semi-final with Catley playing every minute, Melbourne City advanced to the 2017 W-League Grand Final where they faced Perth Glory and won the Championship 2–0 for the second consecutive time — a first for any club in the league. Catley was named to the 2016/17 W-League Team of the Season by Professional |
445_10 | Footballers Australia (PFA). |
445_11 | 2017–18 season, Catley was the starting left-back for all 14 matches. Melbourne City finished in fourth place during the regular season with a record mirroring their previous season. Catley celebrated her 100th W-League appearance with a 1–0 shutout against Western Sydney Wanderers in January. She also assisted on Jess Fishlock's game-winning goal during the match. Catley led the defense to shut out Brisbane Roar in a 2–0 semi-final win. Advancing to the 2018 W-League Grand Final, Catley was described by ESPN as one of Australia's best defenders along with teammate Alanna Kennedy. Catley captained the squad to a 2-0 shutout against league premiers, Sydney FC, entering the record books as the only W-League team to win three consecutive Grand Final championships. Catley was named to the 2017–18 W-League Team of the Season by the PFA.
Reign FC, 2018–19 |
445_12 | Prior to the 2018 NWSL season, Catley was traded to Reign FC in exchange for Christine Nairn and Carson Pickett. During the 2018 season, Catley was a starting defender in the 17 matches in which she played. The Reign finished the regular season in third place with a record earning a berth to the NWSL Playoffs. Catley played every minute of the team's 2–1 loss to Portland in the semi-finals.
Following her first season with the Reign, Catley underwent knee surgery after she was injured in a friendly international match in February 2019. Despite missing the beginning of the 2019 NWSL season and competing at the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup in France, Catley made 16 appearances for the Reign securing a fourth place finish during the regular season. After advancing to the NWSL Playoffs, the Reign were defeated by reigning champions North Carolina Courage 4–1. |
445_13 | In May 2020, Catley announced her departure from the Reign. She added, "As an athlete you're always trying to push yourself to be better. I've been in the NWSL for the past 7 years and the league had made me the player I am today. However, I believe now is the right time to move onto the next chapter and challenge myself in a different environment. No matter where I am or who I'm playing for, I will always be OL Reign's biggest supporter."
Melbourne City (loan), 2018–20
After undergoing minor knee surgery in October 2018 to fix a lingering issue, Catley returned to Australia and played for Melbourne City in the 2018–19 W-League season. She made seven appearances and scored one goal. Melbourne City dropped for the first time to a fifth place finish during the regular season. Catley was named to the 2018–19 W-League Team of the Season by the PFA for the third consecutive time. |
445_14 | Catley returned to Melbourne City for the 2019–20 season and started in every match. Melbourne City won the premiership after finishing first in the regular season with an undefeated record. During the 2020 W-League Grand Final, Catley scored the game-winning goal against Sydney FC in the team's 1–0 win. The win marked the fourth championship in five years for the club and Catley was named Player of the Match. Following the season, Catley was named to the 2019–20 W-League Team of the Season by the PFA for the fourth consecutive time. She was also named PFA Women's Footballer of the Year. |
445_15 | Arsenal, 2020–
In July 2020, Catley signed with Arsenal for the 2020–21 FA WSL season. Arsenal manager, Joe Montemurro said of the signing, "She suits our fluidity and she's very good in a positional sense, but more importantly she's very effective going forward, so we're excited to have her as part of the squad and we're looking forward to some exciting times together." She made her debut for the club during the club's 6–1 over Reading F.C. on 6 September.
International career
Having spent years playing in the youth teams of Australia, Catley made her international senior debut against New Zealand in June 2012, along with her childhood friend Ashley Brown. Catley made 32 appearances for the Matildas leading into her first World Cup campaign. |
445_16 | In the summer of 2015 at age 21, Catley competed with the Matildas at the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup in Canada. During the tournament, Catley played every minute of all five of Australia's matches in the left back position, tallying a total of 450 minutes. She made eight tackles and won them all. Catley also made 12 interceptions and won 13 duels. Her passing accuracy was measured at 72.4%. The Matildas lost 3–1 to the United States during their first group stage match. Catley helped hold Nigeria to a 2–0 shutout in the team's second group stage match and a 1–1 draw against Sweden. Australia finished second in the "Group of Death" and advanced to the Round of 16 where they faced Brazil and won 1–0 as the underdog team. The Matildas faced 2011 champions, Japan in the quarterfinals and narrowly lost 1–0 after Japan scored a last–minute goal in the 87th minute. |
445_17 | After qualifying for the 2016 Rio Olympics in Japan, the Matildas faced Canada in their first group stage match and lost 2–0 with Catley subbing in for Sam Kerr at halftime. The team tied their next group stage match against Germany 2–2. After defeating Zimbabwe 6–1, the team finished third in Group F and top ranking in the third place teams advancing to the knockout stage. During their "thrilling" quarterfinal match against Brazil, the defense kept Brazil to a 0–0 draw, but the Matildas were ultimately edged out 7–6 during the shootout and knocked out of the competition. Catley competed in all four games for the Matildas making three starts.
Catley competed at the 2017 Algarve Cup and 2017 Tournament of Nations. In 2018, Catley she helped the Matildas to a fourth place finish at the 2018 Algarve Cup, a second place win at the 2018 AFC Women's Asian Cup and 2019 Algarve Cup and their first place win at the 2017 Tournament of Nations. |
445_18 | On 14 May 2019, Catley was named vice-captain for the Matildas squad for the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup in France. Catley played as a centre defender during the tournament — her second World Cup selection —covering for injured players Clare Polkinghorne and Laura Alleway. During the team's first group stage match against Italy, a late Italian goal in the fifth minute of extratime resulted in a 2–1 surprising loss for the Matildas. They faced rivals Brazil next and won 3–2. Catley broke her hand during Australia's 4–1 over Jamaica, though continued to play through the tournament. |
445_19 | Australia finished second in Group C and advanced to the Round of 16 where they faced Norway. After a 1–1 tie, Norway won 4–1 in penalties and the Matildas were knocked out of the tournament. On the loss, Catley said, "This team had high expectations and goals coming into this tournament. To go out this way, it was pretty rough, and I haven't really wrapped my head around it. It doesn't really feel like we're out. (But) it's a very strong group and as you can see in the way that we play, we never doubt what we can do or think that we can win, so taking that, being more clinical and doing all the little things right, we're going to be fine." |
445_20 | In popular media
Catley appeared on the cover of the Australian edition of FIFA 16, alongside global cover-star Lionel Messi, as well as compatriot Tim Cahill, making her one of the first women to feature on the cover of an EA Sports video game. She has been featured in each annual edition of the game along with her national teammates since. In 2016, she was the Guest Quiz Master on the fifth episode of the fourth season of the Australian game show, Have You Been Paying Attention?.
Career statistics
Club
International goals
Scores and results list Australia's goal tally first.
Honours
Club
Melbourne Victory
W-League Championship: 2013–14
Melbourne City FC
W-League Premiership: 2015–16 2019-2020
W-League Championship: 2016, 2017, 2018 2020
Country
Australia
AFF U-16 Women's Championship: 2009
AFC Olympic Qualifying Tournament: 2016, 2020
FFA Cup of Nations: 2019
Tournament of Nations: 2017 |
445_21 | Individual
W-League Young Player of the Year: 2012–13
FFA Female U20 Footballer of the Year: 2012, 2013
W-League Team of the Season: 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2019–20
PFA Women's Player of the Year: 2020
NWSL Second XI: 2014, 2017, 2018
IFFHS AFC Woman Team of the Decade 2011–2020
See also
List of Australia women's international soccer players
List of OL Reign players
List of Melbourne City FC (W-League) records and statistics
List of foreign FA Women's Super League players
References |
445_22 | Further reading
Grainey, Timothy (2012), Beyond Bend It Like Beckham: The Global Phenomenon of Women's Soccer, University of Nebraska Press,
Stay, Shane (2019), The Women's World Cup 2019 Book: Everything You Need to Know About the Soccer World Cup, Books on Demand,
Theivam, Keiran and Jeff Kassouf (2019), The Making of the Women's World Cup: Defining stories from a sport's coming of age, Little,
Various (2019), Stand Up for the Future, Penguin Random House,
Williams, Jean (2007), A Beautiful Game: International Perspectives on Women's Football , A&C Black,
External links
Matildas player profile
Arsenal player profile
Melbourne City player profile
Portland Thorns player profile |
445_23 | Australian women's soccer players
Living people
Melbourne City FC (A-League Women) players
Melbourne Victory FC (A-League Women) players
Portland Thorns FC players
1994 births
Soccer players from Melbourne
Australia women's international soccer players
2015 FIFA Women's World Cup players
Footballers at the 2016 Summer Olympics
National Women's Soccer League players
A-League Women players
Expatriate women's soccer players in the United States
Women's association football defenders
Orlando Pride players
Australian expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Olympic soccer players of Australia
OL Reign players
2019 FIFA Women's World Cup players
Footballers at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Arsenal W.F.C. players
FIFA Century Club |
446_0 | KRUA (88.1 FM) is a non-commercial educational college radio station in Anchorage, Alaska. The station is operated by students at the University of Alaska Anchorage (UAA) and is the only student-run station in Anchorage.
UAA students can tune in to KRUA each day to hear about new opportunities on their campus. From the main studios on UAA's campus to the transmitter in Eagle River, the radio station reaches a significant portion of Alaska’s South Central region.
KRUA retains a large and diverse audience both locally by radio, and globally through online streaming which provides their Sponsors with broad-range exposure.
KRUA is maintained by a core group of student staff and by volunteers from the greater Anchorage and UAA community. Since 1992, KRUA has provided music and shows to their community while presenting students with a unique creative outlet, and the opportunity to gain skills in radio broadcasting. |
446_1 | History
KRUA began transmitting in the spring of 1987. It was known then not as KRUA, but as KMPS. During this time, they borrowed a small transmitter from Augie Hiebert of Northern Television, Inc. The station worked on a small budget, receiving only $1.50 per student through a student fee.
KMPS was a carrier current station. The signal traveled through telephone lines and could only be heard in specifically targeted places. In this case, KMPS could only be heard in student housing and the campus center. The schedule was sporadic and depended on the school schedules of volunteer DJ’s. The station tried to air from noon to 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, but occasionally missed an hour or two. |
446_2 | During the school year of 1989-90, actual proceedings began to create an FM station at UAA. After meetings with the University of Alaska Anchorage journalism and public communications department, local FCC offices, and the Anchorage Associated Broadcasters, Inc., documentation to create a non-commercial, educational station began.
In 1991, KMPS received the approval to move forward with the construction of a tower site for the young station, and 88.1-megahertz was assigned as its frequency. A referendum to increase student fees to $5.25 per student passed by a landslide: this allowed the station to move towards FM status. |
446_3 | On February 14, 1992, at approximately 5 p.m., KRUA’s faint signal was suddenly being heard on the Hillside, in Turnagain and around the Anchorage area. REM’s “It’s the End of the World as We Know It” was the first song Anchorage listeners heard from KRUA. In 2017, KRUA celebrated 25 years of FM broadcasts by hosting a free show with local acts I Like Robots, DJ Spencer Lee, and Lavoy.
As part of KRUA's licensing agreement and obligations, the station is available as an educational institution within the department of Journalism and Public Communications at UAA.
Volunteers
KRUA is run by student staff and a body of volunteers who are students and citizens of Anchorage. The show schedule format varies widely, and KRUA has volunteer programs that cover a large range of genres. Such genres include everything from indie-rock and heavy metal to dance and electronic music. |
446_4 | Student Volunteers
Students who wish to be volunteers at KRUA must satisfy a number of requirements before being allowed to host an on-air program. Any student attempting to be involved must currently:
Be enrolled at UAA with no less than 3 credits per semester.
Be in good academic and disciplinary standing with UAA.
Have a cumulative GPA of at least 2.0 or higher.
All current or returning volunteers must achieve these standards each semester.
Failure to meet these qualifications will result in a student volunteer being released from duties at the station. Student volunteers are required to fulfill a 3-hour-a-week obligation, and may not exceed more than 20 hours per week of volunteer work at the station. On-air volunteer conduct must adhere to all FCC/station policies. Trained student volunteers will be the first in line for open on-air positions. |
446_5 | Community Volunteers
All community volunteers are required to undergo the same on-air training as student volunteers, adhere to the same FCC/station policies and must pay an amount equal to the student media fee taken with UAA tuition. After completion of training, they will be offered on-air positions only after the opportunity has been made available to student volunteers.
Alumni Volunteers
Former employees and volunteers of KRUA who left in good standing can return as alumni at their previous level status after completing on-air training. Alumni volunteers are held to the same FCC standards as all others, but are exempt from paying the student media fee. Alumni will be offered on-air positions only after the opportunity has been made available to student volunteers. |
446_6 | Intern Volunteers
Intern volunteers, those individuals who have been sent to the station to fulfill academic or vocational requirements, are required to complete the same on-air training and follow the same FCC/station guidelines as any other within the station. All interns are required to work 6 hours a week.
Funding
As KRUA is non-commercial, it is funded through student media fees and donations through underwriting.
External links
88.1 FM's website
RUA
RUA
University of Alaska Anchorage
Radio stations established in 1987
1987 establishments in Alaska |
447_0 | The Detroit Junior Red Wings were a junior ice hockey team in the Ontario Hockey League for three seasons from 1992 to 1995. The Jr. Red Wings were based in Detroit, Michigan.
History
The Compuware Ambassadors were renamed the Detroit Junior Red Wings in 1992 and played in the same arena as the NHL Detroit Red Wings. The Junior team was the most popular attraction in town during the NHL lockout of 1995, setting attendance records for the Ontario Hockey League and Canadian Hockey League.
After a failed takeover bid by Peter Karmanos to buy the NHL Red Wings from Mike Ilitch, the relationship between the two clubs soured after the season ended. The Jr. Red Wings played for three seasons before severing all ties with the NHL Red Wings and renaming themselves as the Detroit Whalers, in association with the NHL Hartford Whalers, which Karmanos bought in 1994. |
447_1 | 1992–93
Former Windsor Compuware Spitfires coach Tom Webster was hired to coach for the 1992–93 season, with Paul Maurice as his assistant coach. Webster worked previously with Jr. Red Wings President Jim Rutherford and owner Peter Karmanos, when Windsor won the OHL title in 1987–88. Webster was returning from NHL coaching duties with the New York Rangers and Los Angeles Kings.
Key acquisitions made to build the team during the season were, defenceman Jamie Allison, forward Kevin Brown, and goalie Fred Brathwaite. Jim Rutherford was chosen OHL Executive of the Year in 1992–93 for role as team president and general manager in building the expansion franchise into a winning team.
The Jr. Wings played a run-and-gun style game. They were led in scoring by the Junior Production Line featuring, Pat Peake, Bob Wren and Kevin Brown. The trio combined for 163 goals on the season. Todd Harvey also scored 50 goals playing on the second line. |
447_2 | Detroit finished the season with 81 points, and second place in the Emms division tied with Sault Ste. Marie but had less wins with London finishing 10 points behind Detroit but the others finished with 66 points or below. The Junior Red Wings defeated the Guelph Storm in 5 games in the first round of the playoffs, but lost Pat Peake for the rest of the season when he suffered a broken collarbone.
Detroit defeated the rival London Knights in 5 games in second round to play the division champs Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds in the division finals. The more experienced Greyhounds team won the series in 5 games. The highlight of the round was the game three win, when with only three seconds left and the opposing net empty, goalie Fred Brathwaite set franchise history when he scored a goal. |
447_3 | 1993–94
Before the start of the season, assistant coach Paul Maurice was promoted to head coach, when Tom Webster was relieved of his duties after a disagreement in team policies. Maurice brought along an old teammate as his new assistant, close friend Peter DeBoer. The two played together with the Windsor Compuware Spitfires in the mid to late 1980s.
Maurice and Deboer led the Junior Red Wings to their first division title after several years of chasing Sault Ste. Marie who finished with 79 points while the others in the division finished with 70 points or below. Detroit posted a franchise-best record of 42-20-4, second overall in the OHL to the North Bay Centennials. Jim Rutherford was chosen OHL Executive of the Year for the second consecutive year in 1993–94. After the trading deadline, the Junior Wings won 16 of 23 games over the last two months of the regular season to win the Emms Division title. |
447_4 | Detroit got a round bye for the first round but went against the Owen Sound Platers and swept them in the second round. Detroit finally eliminated Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds in the division finals in 6 games during the playoffs. As Emms Division champions, they moved on to meet the North Bay Centennials in the OHL Finals. Despite leading the series 3 games to 2, Detroit came up short as North Bay came back to win the series and the J. Ross Robertson Cup. Although the team fell short of its ultimate goal, it was a breakthrough season nonetheless.
1994–95
Paul Maurice took over as general manager after Jim Rutherford moved to take over managing the NHL Hartford Whalers. Maurice would continue to serve as the coach in a dual role. |
447_5 | The OHL realigned into three divisions for the 1994–95 season. Detroit would now play in the West Division versus Windsor, London, Sarnia and Sault Ste. Marie. As the season unfolded, the Junior Wings quickly developed into a balanced team that could play the game in many strategic ways. The team finished with a franchise best record of 44-18-4 for 92 points a close call for Windsor who finished with 85 points. It was the best defensive year to date for the team since only Windsor finished above .500, Sarnia finished with 53 points with London finished with 40 points and Sault Ste. Marie finished with 38 points.
Junior hockey in Detroit received a boost when the National Hockey League owners locked out their players until the middle of January. The Jr. Wings set an all-time Canadian Hockey League attendance record when 19,875 packed Joe Louis Arena on February 5, 1995 in a 5-5 tie with Windsor. |
447_6 | NHL scouts regularly attended the OHL games as did Red Wings head coach Scotty Bowman was a regular at the games. Looking to fill gaps in coverage, Red Wing broadcasters Dave Strader and Mickey Redmond broadcast several games for PASS-TV. In addition, The Junior Wings received regular coverage in the Detroit News and Free Press and found a friend in WDIV's Van Earl Wright.
The Junior Wings rolled through the first two rounds of the playoffs, sweeping the London Knights and Peterborough Petes. In the third round versus the Sudbury Wolves, the visiting team won each of the first six games in overtime. Detroit won game seven on May 8, 1995 playing on home ice, scoring an 11-4 victory. The Junior Red Wings defeated the first place Guelph Storm in the league finals to win their first J. Ross Robertson Cup as OHL Champions, and get their first berth in the Memorial Cup Tournament.
Memorial Cup 1995 |
447_7 | The Canadian Hockey League championship in 1995 was hosted in Kamloops, British Columbia at the Riverside Coliseum. The Junior Red Wings would face off in the Memorial Cup Tournament against the QMJHL champions Hull Olympiques, the WHL finalists Brandon Wheat Kings, and the Kamloops Blazers as hosts and WHL champions.
The Junior Wings finished the round-robin in second place. They defeated Brandon again 2-1 in the semi-final game to advance to the finals against the defending champion Blazers. During that game vs. Brandon, there was an online report that said that Milan Kostolny scored the winning goal, but in fact after video research, the goal was scored by Matthew Ball, off of Wade Redden's foot Detroit then started the final game vs Kamloops shorthanded, playing without Shayne McCosh (broken wrist) and Bryan Berard, trying to play with a bad charley horse. The Blazers blew the game open in the second period and went on to win 8-2. |
447_8 | Paul Maurice put the Junior Wings season in perspective:
"I have a picture hanging in my office," Maurice said. "It's not a picture of us winning the championship but a picture of the crowd the day we won (May 8, 1995). It was a real special time and I remember that fondly.
"My time with the Ambassadors and Junior Wings was one of the best times of my life, in terms of coaching. I think probably more so because a lot of people really caught on to junior hockey. I know a lot of those faces I see in the pictures and I remember the people being so loyal..." |
447_9 | Later years |
447_10 | The Detroit Compuware Ambassadors became the Detroit Jr. Red Wings in 1992, despite the fact that Jr. Wings owner Peter Karmanos had an ongoing feud with Detroit Red Wings owner Mike Ilitch. The Jr. Wings even played in the Red Wings' Joe Louis Arena—until the rivalry between Ilitch and Karmanos finally came to a head, and the junior club was evicted in 1995, right after winning the OHL crown. When Karmanos bought the Hartford Whalers, the Jr. Wings became the Detroit Whalers, and played out of the tiny Oak Park Arena. (Some home games were held in the Palace of Auburn Hills, which with a capacity of over 20,000 was big enough to host the NHL Whalers; it would become home ice the IHL Detroit Vipers later in the decade.) In 1997, Karmanos built his own arena, Compuware Arena in Plymouth, Michigan, and re-dubbed the team the Plymouth Whalers—that same year, Karmanos moved the Hartford Whalers to North Carolina, making the Plymouth club the only team to still use the name "Whalers". (In |
447_11 | 2015, the junior team moved again, to Flint, Michigan, and is now the Flint Firebirds.) |
447_12 | Championships
J. Ross Robertson Cup - OHL Champion
1993–94 Finalists vs. North Bay Centennials
1994–95 Champions vs. Guelph Storm
Division Trophies
1993–94 Emms Trophy Emms Division
1994–95 Bumbacco Trophy West Division
Coaches
1992–93 Tom Webster - Won the 1967–68 OHA scoring title with the Niagara Falls Flyers. Also played for the Detroit Red Wings (NHL) and Hartford Whalers (WHA).
1993–95 Paul Maurice (2 seasons) - Played for Tom Webster as a member of the Windsor Compuware Spitfires. Later coached the Carolina Hurricanes for seven seasons.
Players
The Detroit Junior Red Wings sent 13 players onto the NHL while only operating for three seasons. Pat Peake was the first MVP for the franchise. His # 14 would be retired by the Whalers organization. Cameron Gruich was chosen 3rd in the 2nd round by the Detroit Red Wings in the 1993 NHL Entry Draft. Todd Harvey was chosen 9th overall by the Dallas Stars in the 1993 NHL Entry Draft in the first round. |
447_13 | Bryan Berard was the most awarded player for the 1994-95 season in the Canadian Hockey League. He was chosen 1st overall in the first round of the 1995 NHL Entry Draft by the Ottawa Senators.
Award winners
1992–93 - Pat Peake, Canadian Hockey League Player of the Year, Red Tilson Trophy Most Outstanding Player, William Hanley Trophy Most Sportsmanlike Player
1992–93 - Kevin Brown, Jim Mahon Memorial Trophy Top Scoring Right Winger
1993–94 - Kevin Brown, Jim Mahon Memorial Trophy Top Scoring Right Winger
1994–95 - Bryan Berard, Canadian Hockey League Rookie of the Year; Emms Family Award, OHL Rookie of the Year; Max Kaminsky Trophy, Defenceman of the Year; CHL Top Draft Prospect Award
1994–95 - Jason Saal, Hap Emms Memorial Trophy Outstanding Goaltender at Memorial Cup
NHL alumni
Jamie Allison
Bryan Berard
Fred Brathwaite
Kevin Brown
Eric Cairns
Sean Haggerty
Todd Harvey
Eric Manlow
Jeff Mitchell
Pat Peake
Mike Rucinski
Derek Wilkinson
Bob Wren
Yearly results
Regular season |
447_14 | Playoffs
1992–93 - Defeated Guelph Storm 4 games to 1 in first round. Defeated London Knights 4 games to 1 in quarter-finals. Lost to S.S.Marie Greyhounds 4 games to 1 in semi-finals.
1993–94 - Earned first round bye. 1st place in Emms division. Defeated Owen Sound Platers 4 games to 0 in division semi-finals. Defeated S.S.Marie Greyhounds 4 games to 2 in semi-finals. Lost to North Bay Centennials in finals.
1994–95 - Defeated London Knights 4 games to 0 in division quarter-finals. Defeated Peterborough Petes 4 games to 0 in quarter-finals. Defeated Sudbury Wolves 4 games to 3 in semi-finals. Defeated Guelph Storm 4 games to 2 in finals. OHL CHAMPIONS Finished Memorial Cup round-robin in second place (2 wins, 1 loss). Defeated Brandon Wheat Kings 2-1 in semi-final game. Lost to Kamloops Blazers 8-2 in Memorial Cup championship game. |
447_15 | Arena
The Junior Red Wings played at Joe Louis Arena concurrently with the NHL Detroit Wings. The Junior Red Wings set OHL attendance records for three consecutive years. The Junior Wings set a Canadian Hockey League attendance record at the time, on February 5, 1995, when 19,875 fans packed Joe Louis Arena to see a 5-5 tie with the local rival Windsor Spitfires.
Joe Louis Arena The OHL Arena & Travel Guide
Defunct Ontario Hockey League teams
Ice hockey clubs established in 1992
1992 establishments in Michigan
1995 disestablishments in Michigan
Ice hockey clubs disestablished in 1995
Ice hockey teams in Michigan
Defunct sports teams in Michigan
Sports in Detroit |
448_0 | The World Baseball Classic (WBC) is an international baseball tournament sanctioned from 2006 to 2013 by the International Baseball Federation (IBAF) and after 2013 by World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC) in partnership with Major League Baseball (MLB). It was proposed to the IBAF by Major League Baseball (MLB), the Major League Baseball Players Association (MLBPA), and other professional baseball leagues and their players associations around the world. It is one of the two main senior baseball tournaments sanctioned by the WBSC, but the only one which grants to the winner the title of "World Champion". |
448_1 | It previously coexisted with Olympic baseball (until 2008) and the Baseball World Cup (until 2011) as IBAF-sanctioned tournaments. The final men's Baseball World Cup was held in 2011, and was discontinued in 2013, after an MLB suggestion to reorganize the international baseball calendar, WBSC accepted the suggestion after an executive meeting, giving the "World Champion" title for the WBC winner, on the condition that the Classic should have direct qualifications and follow international anti-doping rules.
The tournament is the first of its kind to have the national teams of IBAF's member federations feature professional players from the major leagues around the world, including Major League Baseball. In addition to providing a format for the best baseball players in the world to compete against one another while representing their home countries, the World Baseball Classic was created in order to further promote the game around the globe. |
448_2 | After a three-year gap between the first two installments of the tournament, plans were made for the World Baseball Classic to be repeated every four years following the 2009 event. The third installment of the Classic was held in 2013, and the fourth was held in 2017. The fifth was scheduled for 2021, but postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
History
Modeled after the FIFA World Cup and organized in large part as a response to the International Olympic Committee's decision to remove baseball as an Olympic sport in 2005, the WBC has grown into a major sporting event worldwide. In fact, the final series in 2006 and 2009 rank among the highest-rated sporting events in Japanese television history. |
448_3 | The 16-team field for the inaugural 2006 tournament was pre-selected, featuring the countries judged to be the "best baseball-playing nations" in the world; no qualifying competition was held. The tournament format featured round-robin group play in the first and second rounds, followed by single-elimination semifinals and finals. The first game in WBC history saw South Korea defeat Chinese Taipei 2-0 before a crowd of 5,193 at the Tokyo Dome on March 3, 2006. South Korea went on to advance to the semifinals with a 6–0 record but lost to Japan (a team South Korea had beaten twice in the earlier rounds) for a berth in the final game. Meanwhile, Cuba defeated the Dominican Republic in the other semifinal. Japan then defeated Cuba 10–6 to be crowned the first champion of the World Baseball Classic. |
448_4 | The 2009 tournament featured the same 16 teams as 2006, but the controversial round-robin format from 2006 was replaced by a modified double-elimination format for the first two rounds (the semifinals and final game remained single-elimination). The eight teams advancing from the first round were the same as in 2006, except for a "Cinderella" performance by the Netherlands, which twice defeated the Dominican Republic to reach the second round. In the semifinals, South Korea defeated Venezuela while Japan defeated the United States. Japan then emerged victorious for the second straight Classic, winning the final game over South Korea 5–3 in 10 innings. |
448_5 | The buildup to the 2013 tournament included a qualifying round for the first time, with the four lowest finishers from 2009 having to re-qualify against 12 additional teams. This resulted in two new nations making their first appearances in the WBC, as Brazil and Spain respectively replaced Panama and South Africa. The round-robin format was revived for the tournament's first-round, while the second-round remained double-elimination. Italy was the biggest surprise in the early stages of the tournament, making it to the second round with wins over Canada and Mexico. The tournament ended in an all-Caribbean championship game, with the Dominican Republic defeating Puerto Rico, which had upset two-time champion Japan in the semifinals. The Dominican Republic also became the first (and to date, only) team to go undefeated (8–0) through the tournament. |
448_6 | The 2017 tournament returned to the format used in 2006, where both the first and second rounds were round-robin, though with the addition of tiebreaker games if needed. Colombia and Israel qualified for the first time, with Israel, using a roster mostly of Jewish American players, able to reach the second round in its WBC debut. Defending champion Dominican Republic extended its WBC winning streak to 11 games, dating to the 2013 tournament, before also being eliminated in the second round. The United States won its first WBC championship, defeating Japan and Puerto Rico in the semifinals and finals, respectively. Puerto Rico had been undefeated in the tournament before losing in the final. |
448_7 | In January 2020, MLB announced the 2021 WBC would expand the field to 20 teams. The additional four participants will be determined through qualifying tournaments, which were originally planned to take place in March 2020. However, on March 12, 2020, Major League Baseball announced that the 2021 edition would be postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Qualification
The first two iterations of the Classic featured the same 16 teams, chosen by invitation. A qualifying round was added leading into the 2013 tournament and takes place in the year before the WBC proper. The addition of qualifying has so far allowed four nations (Brazil, Colombia, Israel, and Spain) from outside the original 16 to compete in the WBC. |
448_8 | The qualification setup for the 2013 and 2017 WBCs included the top 12 finishing teams from the previous WBC being automatically entered in the following edition, while the four lowest finishers (the teams that finished in last place in their first-round pools) were relegated to the qualifying round. Qualifying consisted of four four-team modified double-elimination tournaments, with the winners earning the last four slots in the main tournament.
With the 2021 WBC expanding to 20 teams, the qualifying format changed as well. All 16 participants from 2017 received automatic bids. The qualifying round consists of a pair of six-team double-elimination tournaments, from which the winners and runners-up go on to play in the 2021 WBC.
Results |
448_9 | Teams reaching the top four
After the conclusion of each WBC championship game, players from the losing team receive silver medals, followed by the winners receiving gold medals. The third-place team receives bronze medals at a separate date. The WBC does not hold a third-place playoff, so the ranking of the third- and fourth-placed teams is determined by the WBSC.
Performance of nations |
448_10 | A total of 20 nations have competed in the WBC proper, with 14 appearing in all five editions. Japan has been the most successful, as the only nation with multiple WBC titles (2006, 2009), the nation with the most wins in WBC play (23), and as the only nation to reach the championship round in all four WBCs. The Dominican Republic owns the best overall winning percentage in WBC games at .750 (18-6 record), bolstered by its 8–0 mark en route to the 2013 title. A surprising first-round elimination in 2009 stands out as the Dominican's only poor showing. If qualifying rounds are included, Israel also has a .750 winning percentage (9-3 record), with a 4–2 record in the WBC itself. |
448_11 | Along with Japan, three other nations have advanced to at least the second round in all four WBCs: Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the United States. The US posted an underwhelming 10-10 overall record through the first three WBCs, with only one appearance in the semifinals. The Americans broke through in 2017, going 6–2 on their way to their first WBC title. Cuba lived up to its history of strong international play by reaching the finals of the inaugural WBC in 2006 before losing to Japan. However, subsequent Cuban teams have failed to make a significant mark on the tournament, making three straight second-round exits and going just 2–7 in second-round games since 2009. Meanwhile, Caribbean rival Puerto Rico made consecutive appearances in the WBC finals in 2013 and 2017, albeit losing both, and stood second to Japan for the most all-time WBC wins (20) after the 2017 tournament. Conversely, of the 14 teams to appear in all four tournaments, three have never made the second round: Australia, |
448_12 | Canada, and China. |
448_13 | Performance of confederations |
448_14 | The World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC) currently divides all countries into five confederations based on their region: Africa, Americas, Asia, Europe, and Oceania. Currently, the two best confederations in international baseball are Americas and Asia, as both confederations add up to 14 of the 16 top four finishes (with two titles each). While the appearances of the Americas region expands throughout, all appearances for Asia in the World Baseball Classic were by countries in East Asia in particular. Europe holds the other 2 of the 16 top four finishes, both coming from the Netherlands with the help of the Dutch Caribbean. Italy's and Israel's top eight appearances in 2013 and 2017 respectively have led the region's growth in baseball in addition to the Netherlands' two top four finishes. As for Africa and Oceania, both regions lack a baseball scene in general, although South Africa and Australia are indisputably the best two countries in baseball in their respective regions |
448_15 | due to their strong leagues. In addition, both countries make up all of the World Baseball Classic appearances for their respective regions. |
448_16 | As decorated the Americas region is, only 5 countries in the region have ever made the top four: Cuba, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, United States, and Venezuela. The Dominican Republic and United States are the only countries to earn first place, in 2013 and 2017 respectively. In addition to the aforementioned champions, Puerto Rico is the only other country to have made the top four more than once. As for Asia, the countries in East Asia dominate the baseball scene in that region, as Japan and South Korea are the only two countries in that region to appear more than once in the top four. On top of that, Japan is the only country in the world to appear in the top four in all iterations of the World Baseball Classic, with two first place finishes earned. As such, all bids so far have been granted to those two regions.
Honors |
448_17 | Most Valuable Player
The most significant award for individual performance during the tournament is the Most Valuable Player Award. Whichever player wins it receives a trophy after the final. The inaugural winner of the award in 2006 was Japan's Daisuke Matsuzaka, who pitched 13 innings and finished with a 3–0 record. Soon after this performance, Matsuzaka received a multimillion-dollar contract to join the Boston Red Sox of America's Major League Baseball. Again in the 2009 World Baseball Classic, Matsuzaka received the world classic MVP, finishing with a record of 3–0 and an ERA of 2.54. In 2013, Robinson Canó won MVP after hitting .469 with two home runs and six RBI over the course of the tournament. Toronto Blue Jays pitcher Marcus Stroman took home the award in 2017 for the United States. Stroman posted a 2.35 ERA over three starts and no-hit Puerto Rico through six innings in an 8–0 win in the Finals. |
448_18 | All–WBC teams
At the end of each edition of the World Baseball Classic, an all-star team is selected based on their play in the tournament. Three pitchers, eight other position players (one each at each position, including three outfielders), and a designated hitter are named to the team. Japanese pitcher Daisuke Matsuzaka and Puerto Rican catcher Yadier Molina are the only players to be named to the All–WBC team twice.
Overall, players representing 10 different countries have been named to an All-WBC team, with Japan and Puerto Rico leading the way with nine representatives each.
Statistical leaders
All-time WBC individual leaders in various statistical categories through the end of the 2017 tournament, excluding qualifier games.
Batting
Pitching
Trophy |
448_19 | The winning team of each World Baseball Classic is rewarded a large silver trophy as its primary recognition. The two trophies earned by Japan during the inaugural and second classics have been on display at the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame.
Rules of play
In addition to the standard rules of baseball, the World Baseball Classic employs the following additional rules:
Pitch counts
A pitcher cannot pitch more than:
85 pitches per game in the Qualifying Round (all tournaments since 2013, when this round was introduced)
65 pitches per game in the First Round (all tournaments except 2009, in which the limit was 70)
80 pitches per game in the Second Round (all tournaments except 2009, in which the limit was 85)
95 pitches per game in the Championship Round (all tournaments except 2009, in which the limit was 100)
A pitcher can still finish a batter's plate appearance even if the limit is reached, but must come out after completing the plate appearance. |
448_20 | A pitcher cannot pitch until:
a minimum of four days have passed since he last pitched, if he threw 50 or more pitches when he last pitched
a minimum of one day has passed since he last pitched, if he threw 30 or more pitches when he last pitched
a minimum of one day has passed since any second consecutive day on which the pitcher pitched
Mercy rules
Games are called if one team is ahead by:
10 or more runs after any complete inning, beginning with the completion of the seventh inning, or;
15 or more runs after any complete inning, beginning with the completion of the fifth inning
Mercy rules do not apply during the championship round.
Designated hitter
The designated hitter rule applies for all games. |
448_21 | Extra innings
Starting with the 11th inning, teams automatically start with runners on first and second base. The baserunners are the players in the two batting order positions previous to the leadoff batter for the inning (or substitutes called in to pinch-run for those players). Organizers put this rule in place starting with the 2009 tournament, although originally, it didn't come into effect until the 13th inning. The intention behind the rule is to help ensure extra-inning games end in as timely a manner as possible, reducing the chance of seeing marathon extra-inning games that place undue strain on players, particularly pitchers. As no extra-inning games in either the 2009 or 2013 WBCs reached the point where the rule came into play, it took until the 2017 WBC for it to affect a game's outcome. There were three such games in 2017, and all three were decided in the 11th inning. |
448_22 | Video replay review
During the first and second rounds, video review is available only for "boundary" calls, such as determining whether a potential home run ball was fair or foul, did or did not clear the fence, or was interfered with by a fan. Such reviews can only be initiated by the umpires and cannot be requested by the teams. For the championship round, video review is available for all situations it would be during a Major League Baseball regular season game. |
448_23 | Run differential
Unlike regular season play, where the number of runs by which a team wins a game is not relevant, the number of runs by which a WBC team wins may be relevant if a tie later develops in the standings. In such cases, teams are ranked by their Team Quality Balance, which rewards them for winning by as many runs as possible, and for winning with as few of their batters getting out as possible when batting in the bottom of the inning. This caused problems during the 2013 WBC, where one game spawned a bench-clearing brawl between the Canadian and Mexican teams (Canadian hitter Chris Robinson had bunted for a base hit after Canada had already taken a large lead, causing Mexican pitcher Arnold Leon to throw three consecutive pitches at the next hitter, Rene Tosoni).
Eligibility and participation |
448_24 | Eligibility
A player is eligible to participate on a World Baseball Classic team if any one of the following criteria is met:
The player is a citizen of the nation the team represents.
The player is qualified for citizenship or to hold a passport under the laws of a nation represented by a team, but has not been granted citizenship or been issued a passport; in this case, the player may be made eligible by WBCI upon petition by the player or team.
The player is a permanent legal resident of the nation or territory the team represents.
The player was born in the nation or territory the team represents.
The player has one parent who is, or if deceased was, a citizen of the nation the team represents.
The player has one parent who was born in the nation or territory the team represents. |
448_25 | Player participation
In 2006, many high caliber players from both Major League Baseball and in leagues around the world participated in the World Baseball Classic. Amongst the players that made the All–WBC team were Americans Derek Jeter and Ken Griffey Jr. From Japan, Daisuke Matsuzaka, Ichiro Suzuki and Tomoya Satozaki were on the team. Other internationals included players from Cuba—Yulieski Gurriel, Yoandy Garlobo and Yadel Martí; and from the Dominican Republic—Albert Pujols, Pedro Martínez and José Bautista. The 2009 Classic saw a similarly high-profile field, with a number of players such as Hall of Famers Pedro Martínez, Iván Rodríguez and Chipper Jones and the major international debuts of Cuba's Yoenis Céspedes and Aroldis Chapman. |
448_26 | For the 2013 tournament, many high-profile players decided not to participate, including key players from the 2009 Japanese team such as Yu Darvish, Ichiro, and Hisashi Iwakuma. However, other prominent players came, such as Miguel Cabrera, David Wright, R. A. Dickey, Joey Votto, Adrián González, Robinson Canó, and José Reyes, among many others.
In 2017, former All-Stars such as Adam Jones, Chris Archer, Buster Posey, Paul Goldschmidt, Andrew McCutchen and others played for the United States. For the Dominican Republic, former All-Stars Adrián Beltré, Robinson Canó, Manny Machado, José Reyes, Edinson Vólquez, and more participated. Adrián González played once more for Mexico, and Yadier Molina and Carlos Beltrán represented Puerto Rico alongside up-and-coming stars such as Javier Báez, Carlos Correa, and Francisco Lindor. Venezuela's roster included José Altuve and Miguel Cabrera. |
448_27 | Involvement of professional leagues
The tournament was announced in May by Commissioner of Baseball Bud Selig. Major League Baseball had been attempting to create such a tournament for at least two years; negotiations with the players' union (MLBPA) and with the team owners had held the plan back. Owners, notably New York Yankees owner George Steinbrenner, had been concerned about their star players being injured in international play before the beginning of spring training, and the professional season. This was a concern for the MLBPA as well, but their primary objection was with drug testing. MLB wanted the stricter Olympic standards in place for the tournament, while the union wanted current MLB standards in place. Eventually, a deal was reached on insurance for player contracts and a fairly tough drug testing standard. MLB teams would not be able to directly block their players from participating. |
448_28 | Similarly, Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) and its players' association had a disagreement over participation in the tournament. While the owners initially agreed to the invitation, the players' union was concerned about the time of year the tournament was scheduled to take place, as well as their right to be better represented for the tournament. On September 16, 2005, after four months of negotiations, NPB officially notified the IBAF and MLB they had accepted the invitation. In September 2012, after having threatened to boycott the event despite its domestic popularity, Japanese players agreed to take part after reaching a compromise with tournament organizers on sharing sponsorship and licensing revenue. |
448_29 | Coverage
Though the first two World Baseball Classic finals were shown on ESPN in the United States, the entire 2013 tournament was shown exclusively on MLB Network domestically. MLB Network also had the television rights for the 2017 Classic. Also at the moment, ESPN Deportes provides Spanish-language coverage and ESPN Radio has audio rights for the Classic. Sportsnet is the current broadcaster in Canada while ESPN America covers the tournament for the United Kingdom, Ireland and other parts of Europe.
The first qualifier round of the 2017 World Baseball Classic aired in the United States and Puerto Rico on the MLB Network; and in Australia, New Zealand, and selected surrounding islands on ESPN.
Attendance
Excluding qualifier games. |
448_30 | Venues
Unlike comparable tournaments the FIFA World Cup and FIBA Basketball World Cup where one country hosts the entire event, each WBC has used multiple hosts spread around different parts of the world. Thus far, seven different nations have hosted at least one WBC pool, with each edition of the tournament featuring games played in Asia, Latin America, and the United States. The championship round is traditionally held at Major League Baseball stadiums in the U.S.
Host Nations by Number of Tournaments Held
The following table lists nations who've hosted any WBC rounds in the first five iterations of the event, not including qualifiers, and without regard to whether a nation hosted multiple rounds in the same year.
Host Nations by Year and Round
See also
References
External links
Official website
Classic
Quadrennial sporting events
Recurring sporting events established in 2006
March sporting events |
449_0 | Virginia Elizabeth Davis (born January 21, 1956), professionally known as Geena Davis, is an American actress, activist, producer, and former model. She is the recipient of an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award, and has been nominated for a British Academy Film Award and a Primetime Emmy Award. In 2019, she received the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award for her work fighting gender bias on- and off- screen in Hollywood.
Early life
Davis was born on January 21, 1956, in Wareham, Massachusetts. Her mother, Lucille (; June 19, 1919 – November 15, 2001), was a teacher's assistant, and her father, William F. Davis (November 7, 1913 – April 2, 2009), was a civil engineer and church deacon. Both were from small towns in Vermont. Davis has an older brother, Danforth ("Dan"). |
449_1 | She became interested in music at an early age. She learned piano and flute and played organ well enough as a teenager to be organist at her Congregationalist church in Wareham. She attended Wareham High School and was an exchange student in Sandviken, Sweden, where she became fluent in Swedish. She studied at New England College, then earned a bachelor's degree in drama from Boston University in Her first post-university work was as a window mannequin for Ann Taylor; she then signed with New York's Zoli modeling agency.
Davis is said to have adopted the nickname Geena after seeing shows with the characters Cheburashka and Gena the Crocodile (Swedish Druttem och Gena), which aired as a children's segment in a national television show in Sweden in the late 1970s.
Career
Rise to fame (1982–1987) |
449_2 | Davis was working as a model when she was cast by director Sydney Pollack in his film Tootsie (1982) as a soap opera actress, whom she has described as "someone who's going to be in their underwear a lot of time". It was the second most profitable film of 1982, received ten Academy Awards nominations and is considered a cult classic. She next won the regular part of Wendy Killian in the television series Buffalo Bill, which aired from June 1983 to March 1984; and had a writing credit in one episode. Despite the series' eleven Emmy Awards nominations, lukewarm ratings led to its cancellation after two seasons. Davis concurrently guest-starred in Knight Rider, Riptide, Family Ties and Remington Steele, and followed with a series of her own, Sara, which lasted 13 episodes. |
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