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1567_30 | There was regret in the diocese that Henson's tenure there was brief. In 1920 the see of Durham became vacant on the death of Bishop Moule. Davidson wanted Thomas Strong, Dean of Christ Church, to be appointed and pressed his claims on Lloyd George, but the prime minister took the view that the area needed Henson's practical skills and common touch rather than Strong's academic scholarship. |
1567_31 | Durham |
1567_32 | Henson was translated to Durham – England's most senior diocese after Canterbury, York and London – in October 1920. The appointment was challenging: the area was in grave economic difficulty, with the important coal-mining industry in a crisis caused by falling industrial demand for coal in the years after the war. Ecclesiastically there was potential for friction, as the Dean of Durham, James Welldon, who had once been a bishop himself, was temperamentally and politically at odds with his new superior, given to making public statements that Henson found infuriating. Welldon, in Henson's view, "could neither speak with effect nor be silent with dignity". They clashed on several occasions, most conspicuously when Welldon, a strong admirer of prohibition, publicly criticised Henson's tolerant views on the consumption of alcohol. Relations between the Deanery and Auckland Castle, the bishop's official residence, improved markedly in April 1933 when Cyril Alington, the Head Master of |
1567_33 | Eton from 1917 to 1933, succeeded Welldon. Alington was almost universally loved, and though he and Henson differed on points of ecclesiastical practice, they remained warm friends. |
1567_34 | At the beginning of Henson's episcopate the Durham miners were on strike. He got on well with miners individually and conversed with many of them as they walked through the extensive grounds of Auckland Castle. It was said of him that he got on easily with everyone "except other dignitaries in gaiters". Friction arose from Henson's belief that strikes were morally wrong because of the harm they did to other working people, and he had, in Grimley's words, "a violent, almost obsessional", dislike of trade unions. His early concern for the welfare of the poor remained unchanged, but he regarded socialism and trade unionism as negations of individuality. For the same reason he was against state provision of social welfare, though a strong advocate of voluntary spending on it. Later in his bishopric Henson denounced the Jarrow March in 1936 as "revolutionary mob pressure" and condemned the action of his subordinate, the suffragan Bishop of Jarrow, who had given the march his blessing. He |
1567_35 | loathed class distinction, and was not antipathetic to social reformers, but he was strong in his criticism of Christian campaigners who maintained that the first duty of the Church was social reform. To Henson, the Church's principal concern was each individual man or woman's spiritual welfare. |
1567_36 | The best-known anecdote of Henson, according to Chadwick, comes from his time at Durham. Cosmo Lang complained that his portrait by Orpen "makes me look proud, pompous and prelatical", to which Henson responded, "And to which of those epithets does your Grace take exception?" Grimley remarks that on occasion each of those unflattering adjectives applied just as much to Henson. Nonetheless, Henson ranked Lang "among the greater figures of ecclesiastical history". |
1567_37 | The most conspicuous cause with which Henson was involved during his time at Durham was, in Anglican terms, of national, and even international, rather than diocesan concern. As a broad churchman he gave strong support in the mid-1920s to a major revision and modernising of the Book of Common Prayer, the Church's prescribed forms of worship, used at all services. The evangelical wing of the Church opposed the revision, which some low-church factions dubbed "popish". Henson, now on the same side as the Anglo-Catholics with whom he had early been in bitter dispute, called the opposition "the Protestant underworld". Despite the clear majority of clergy and laity in favour of the revision, the House of Commons refused to authorise it, and voted it down in 1927 and again in 1928. Henson's colleague Cyril Garbett wrote that the Commons had "made it plain that the Church does not possess full spiritual freedom to determine its worship". The Church instituted damage limitation measures by |
1567_38 | permitting parishes to use the new unauthorised text where there was a local consensus to do so, but Henson was horrified at what he saw as Parliament's betrayal of its duty to preside impartially over the governance of the Church, giving in to pressure from what he termed "an army of illiterates". |
1567_39 | Together with the suspicions he had started to harbour that a socialist government might misuse ecclesiastical patronage, the Prayer Book debacle turned Henson from a strong proponent of establishment to its best-known critic. He spent much time and energy fruitlessly campaigning for disestablishment. He was, as he had often been earlier in his career, an isolated figure. Few of his colleagues agreed with him, even those dismayed by the parliamentary vote. |
1567_40 | Hensley was less isolated in some other causes he took up in the 1920s and 30s. He was one of many wary of the ultra-liberalism of the Modern Churchmen's Union. In 1934, he was among the senior clerics who censured Dean Dwelly for inviting a Unitarian to preach in Liverpool Cathedral and Bishop David for permitting it. He was critical of American evangelism as practised by Frank Buchman and the Oxford Group. Henson wrote of Buchman's "oracular despotism" and "the trail of moral and intellectual wrecks which its progress leaves behind." Henson was critical of one of his clergy, Robert Anderson Jardine of Darlington, for conducting the wedding ceremony in France of the Duke of Windsor to a divorced woman, contrary to the doctrine of the church. Henson was in a minority of senior clergy in speaking out against the dictators of the Axis powers. He condemned Nazi anti-Semitism, Mussolini's invasion of Abyssinia, appeasement and the Munich agreement. |
1567_41 | On 1 February 1939, at the age of seventy-five, he retired from Durham to Hintlesham in Suffolk. Seven months later the Second World War began. Henson supported the Allies' fight in what he saw as a just war to defeat godless barbarism; he wrote of "The deepening infamies of Nazi warfare – infamies so horrible as almost to shake one's faith in the essential Divineness of Humanity." He urged, "there can be no compromise or patched up peace". |
1567_42 | Last years
Winston Churchill was impressed by Henson. Grimley comments that they had much in common, both spending years as isolated figures speaking out for beliefs that were dismissed at the time and later vindicated. As prime minister, Churchill persuaded Henson out of retirement in 1940 to resume his old duties as a Canon of Westminster Abbey. After overcoming the momentary strangeness of being back in his old post after nearly thirty years he preached with vigour until cataracts made his eyesight too poor to continue. He retired from the Abbey in 1941. |
1567_43 | In his later years Henson's lifelong sense of loneliness was compounded by the growing deafness of his wife, making their conversation difficult. He found some solace in the friendship of her companion, Fearne Booker, who lived with the Hensons for more than thirty years. He occupied a considerable part of his retirement writing a substantial work of autobiography, published in three volumes under the title Retrospect of an Unimportant Life. Both at the time and subsequently many of his friends and admirers regretted his publishing the work; they thought he had done his reputation a disservice. Despite what Williams calls the "peculiar interest and vivacity" of the books, his survey of his many campaigns and controversies, seemed to others to be self-justifying and wilfully to deny many changes of stance that he had manifestly made during his career. In Williams's view the posthumous publication of Henson's edited letters were a better legacy: "delightful in both form and content, |
1567_44 | and, barbed though they often are, they do him fuller justice". He was offered the masonic position of Provincial Grand Master in his retirement, but declined it, believing himself too old. |
1567_45 | In his writings Henson referred to his two regrets in life. The first was that he had not been at a public (i.e. fee-charging non-state) school, a fact to which he ascribed his lifelong feeling of being an outsider. The second regret was that he and his wife had been unable to have children. They unofficially adopted a succession of poor boys and paid for their education. At least one of them became a priest and was ordained by Henson.
Henson died at Hintlesham on 27 September 1947 at the age of eighty-four. At his wish his body was cremated; his ashes were interred in Durham Cathedral.
Bibliography
As editor
As author
reissued 2010
Notes
References
Sources |
1567_46 | 1863 births
1947 deaths
20th-century Church of England bishops
Bishops of Durham
Bishops of Hereford
Canons of Westminster
Church of England deans
Deans of Durham
Fellows of All Souls College, Oxford
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Abdication of Edward VIII
Surtees Society |
1568_0 | Russia has a number of military academies of different specialties. This article primarily lists institutions of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation rather than those of the Soviet Armed Forces. |
1568_1 | Russian institutions designated as an "academy" are post-graduate professional military schools for experienced, commissioned officers who have the equivalent of a bachelor's degree. Upon graduation, officers receive the equivalent of a master's degree and, if trained in military leadership are appointed as battalion commanders or higher from Lt. Colonel and up. Graduates with non-command training are appointed to various staff positions equivalent to Major or Lt. Colonel. Commissioned officers can study on the Kandidat Nauk () level, equivalent to a Ph.D. degree. This research-oriented degree is required for faculty positions in military schools and defence research institutes. Carefully selected experienced researchers in military academies hold limited-term positions as senior scholars leading to the prestigious post-doctoral Doktor Nauk () degree, which is roughly the equivalent of a habilitation at Central European universities where it is a prerequisite for full professor |
1568_2 | positions in institutions of higher learning. There also are a number of "officer commissioning schools" for various services known as Higher Military Schools or Institutes. |
1568_3 | As of 2010, a major reorganization of Russian military officer education, spanning the range from General Staff Academy to officer commissioning school, was underway.
National joint-service educational institutions
Military University of the Ministry of Defense
Military Academy of the General Staff
In 1936, Leonid Govorov founded the current General Staff Academy in Moscow. It has been the senior Russian professional school for officers in their late 1930s. The "best and the brightest" senior commissioned officers of all forces are selected to attend this most prestigious of all Soviet military academies. Students are admitted to the Academy in the ranks of lieutenant colonel, colonel, and Major General (one star). Most are colonels or newly promoted generals. Previous names include: Marshal Voroshilov Military Academy of the WPRA General Staff; General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR; General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. |
1568_4 | Military Academies of the Ground Forces
The precedence and grouping of these academies are drawn from Michael Holm's site.
Combined Arms Academy
In 1918 the Frunze Military Academy () in Moscow was established as the academy of the General Staff, which became the RKKA Military Academy in 1921. It is named after Mikhail Frunze then USSR Minister of Defence in mid-1920s. It is roughly the equivalent of the U.S. Army's Command and General Staff College at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas or the British Army's Staff College, Camberley. Officers in their late twenties up to thirty-two years at the rank of Captain or Major enter if they pass the competitive entry examinations. |
1568_5 | In the 1930s, higher academic courses were added to the Frunze curriculum as an advanced training program for previous graduates. Later on, this program became the basis for the "Voroshilov General Staff Academy" and the Frunze Academy refocused upon combined arms ground warfare training at the tactical level. In September 1998 the Frunze Academy and the "Malinovsky Academy" were amalgamated into the Combined Arms Academy of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, on the site of the former Frunze Academy, which since 2010 is known as Military Educational and Scientific Centre. The Military Educational and Scientific Centre has been the site of a number of Russian-Western joint military activities, including an IISS conference in February 2001, and U.S.-Russian exercises. |
1568_6 | After graduation from Military Educational and Scientific Center, every graduate officer receives a diploma and a silver diamond-shaped badge which has to be worn on the right side of his uniform or civilian clothes above all other military or civilian decorations or ribbon bars. |
1568_7 | Marshal Rodion Malinovsky Military Armored Forces Academy
The Malinovsky Military Armored Forces Academy () was established in 1932 in Moscow as the "J.V. Stalin Academy of the WPRA Mechanization and Motorization Program". It was named after Marshal Rodion Malinovsky in 1967. Its mission was to train Soviet and Warsaw Pact commanders, staff officers, and engineers for armored and mechanized units. The best-qualified graduates were selected for the" centralized operations division" of the General Staff. Students entered as captains and majors, some as lieutenant colonels, about on an intermediate level with the Army's Command and General Staff College at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas and the Air Command and Staff College at Maxwell AFB, Alabama. Commanding and staff officers underwent a three-year program while engineers were taught for 4 years. In 1998 the Academy merged with the Frunze Academy to become the "Combined Arms Academy". |
1568_8 | Mikhailovskaya Military Artillery Academy/Military Artillery Academy "Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich"
The Mikhailovskaya Artillery Military Academy () in Saint Petersburg dates back to 1698. In 1849 it was named Mikhailovskaya after Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich of Russia. In 1925 it merged into the Red Army Military Technical Academy, was restored in 1953 as Kalinin Artillery Military Academy () as a spin-off of the Dzerzhinsky Academy, and in 1995 went back to the Grand Duke's name. |
1568_9 | Marshal Aleksander Vasilevsky Military Academy of the Armed Forces Air Defence Branch
The Vasilevsky Military Academy of Army Air Defence Forces () was created in 1977 in Kiev as a spin-off of the Kalinin Artillery Military Academy. It was named after Marshal of the Soviet Union Aleksandr Vasilevsky. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, its Kyiv campus evolved into the General Staff Academy of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, which became the Ivan Chernyakhovsky National Defence University of Ukraine from 2013. In 1992, most of the staff and cadets moved to Smolensk and the facilities of the Smolensk Higher Engineering Radioelectronic School of the Ground Forces Air Defence Branch (established 1970), which became its new home. It re-adopted the honorific "named for Marshal of the Soviet Union A.M. Vasilevskiy" on 11 May 2007. |
1568_10 | Military Engineering Academy "V.V. Kuybyshev"
Located in Moscow, this military academy trained medium-rank commissioned officers for the Engineering Troops. Its full formal title until 1998 was the Military-Engineering order of Lenin Red Banner Academy named for V.V. Kuybyshev. After the 1998 merger with the Military Engineering University of St. Petersburg it is now called the "Combined Arms Military Academy of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation-Military Engineering Forces Institute".
Marshal Semyon Budyonny Military Signals and Communications Corps Academy
The Budyonny Military Academy of Communications () was created in 1932 in Leningrad. It is named after Semyon Budyonny. It trains the Russian military's future signals and communications experts. |
1568_11 | Marshal Semyon Timoshenko NBC Protection Military Academy
Timoshenko NBC Protection Military Academy () was established in 1932 in Moscow. It is named after Semyon Timoshenko. Its duties are for the training of officers and NCOs in chemical warfare and defence. It is located in Kostroma in Kostroma Oblast and has now opened its doors to engineering cadets as well.
General of the Army A. V. Khrulev Military Logistics Academy
The Military Logistics Academy (Военная академия материально-технического обеспечения имени А. В. Хрулёва) was created in 1918 in Leningrad. It trains officers and NCO's for the various Armed Forces rear services and the Army Transportation Force, a part of the rear services. One of its graduates is Igor Levitin, a former Russian Minister of Transport.
Sergei Kirov Military Medical Academy |
1568_12 | The Kirov Military Medical Academy () in Saint Petersburg was established in 1798. Senior medical staff are trained for the Armed Forces and conduct research in military medical services. By contemporary standards, it is a full-scale medical school complete with a network of teaching and research clinics and affiliated hospitals. Graduates are commissioned as officers with medical doctor credentials. The institution also provides advanced training for mid-career military medical doctors and trains graduate students to Ph.D. level.
Military schools, institutes of the Ground Forces, MOD etc
Kuybyshev Military Medical Academy
In 1939 a military medical academy was established in Kuybyshev, since 1991 renamed Samara Military-Medical Institute. Subordinate to Ministry of Defence for a period. |
1568_13 | Moscow Higher Military Command School
Established on 21 December 1917 as "Moscow 1st Machine-Gunners School", this school trains the future officers of the Russian Army in strategy, tactics and command skills, with a four-year study period for which graduates are commissioned Russian Army lieutenants.
The school's cadets are also known as the Kremlin Cadets or the Kremlovtsy, for in December 1919 after just two years of operations, the Red Army took over the school administration, with headquarters and campus then at the Moscow Kremlin. It later became the "WPRA 1st Soviet High Military School All-Russian Central Executive Committee" and from 1925 to 1935, mounted the guard at Lenin's Mausoleum. The Kremlin was its campus until it moved to Moscow's Lefortovo District, giving way to the Kremlin Regiment, nowadays the President of Russia's escort and historical regiment. |
1568_14 | In 1937, the school became the "ACEC" Moscow Military School and later the "Moscow Military School of Infantry Training". It received the first of its 3 order medals, the Order of the Red Banner in 1938. In joining the Battle of Khalkhin Gol, and the Second World War's Eastern Front it contributed to the defence of the Moscow Region, as well as other wars. In October 1945, 5 months after the allied victory in Europe, it moved to Kuzminki District in Moscow.
In 1958, it became the Moscow High Command Training School "Supreme Soviet of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic" . It received its two other awards, the Order of Lenin in 1965 and the Order of the October Revolution in 1978. In 1998, it became the Moscow Military School and was transformed into its present name in 2017. |
1568_15 | Khabarovsk Military Commanders Training Academy
This training center in Khabarovsk 19 miles from the Chinese border serves military officers stationed in the Eastern Military District, with a program to enhance their experience and command capability.
St. Petersburg Railway Troops Military Transportation Institute
Located in historic St. Petersburg, the birthplace of the Russian railway industry, this institute trains all personnel of the world's oldest railway security force, the Russian Railway Troops, a part since 2004 of the rear services, in maintaining and securing one of the world's largest and oldest railway systems. |
1568_16 | Ryazan Guards Airborne Higher Command School "General of the Army Vasily Margelov"
The Ryazan Guards Higher Airborne Command School is one of Russia's oldest military academies, having been established in 1918. The academy serves since 1941 as the premier academy and advanced training center of the Russian Airborne Troops, named first in honor of the Komsomol and at present after one of the greatest commanders of the Airborne Troops, Vasily Margelov, who was instrumental in the modernization and capability upgrades done to the service in the 1950s, as well as for its full independence as a separate arm directly responsible to the Defence Ministry. |
1568_17 | Far Eastern Higher Combined Arms Command School "Marshal of the Soviet Union K. K. Rokossovsky"
The Far Eastern Higher Combined Arms Command School was established in 1940 as the Vladivostok Infantry School. It moved to Blagoveshchensk in 1949, and currently trains officers for motor rifle units, and for the Naval Infantry. It is the only military academy in Russia to offer command specialisations in mountain and arctic warfare.
St. Petersburg Military Engineering-Technical University
In Soviet times this was named the "Leningrad Nikolaevsky Military Engineering Technical Institute of the Armed Forces of the USSR". |
1568_18 | Nikolaevsky Military Engineering-Technical Institute of the Armed Forces, now the Military Engineering-Technical University () is in Saint Petersburg located in its own historical sites near to Engineers Castle, Summer Garden, the Suvorov Museum, Tauride Palace and Smolny Convent. It is one of Saint Petersburg's oldest military engineering schools, its history as a Higher learning institution began in 1810, training officers for service in the Navy, Russian engineering troops and other arms and services. This engineering school trained and graduated Fyodor Dostoyevsky.
Yekaterinburg Force Command School of Artillery
Located in Yekaterinburg, it serves as the officer command training center of the Russian Ground Forces Artillery and Rocket Forces. Its mandate is for the enhanced and improved training of artillery officers in command and control.
Volsk High Rear Military School
Located in Volsk, the school trains the various personnel of the Russian Armed Forces' rear services. |
1568_19 | Military Institute of Physical Culture
Established in 1909 during the Imperial era and known in the 1930s as the Leningrad Military Academy of Physical Fitness and Sports, the academy serves as the training hub for military sportsmen of the Russian Armed Forces. Its graduates include many medalists in the Olympic Games who were also active servicemen, and medalists in the Military World Games.
It was affiliated to both the Lesgaft National State University of Physical Education, Sport and Health and the Russian State University of Physical Education, Sport, Youth and Tourism. Based in Saint Petersburg, its colours carries two awards of the Order of the Red Banner for its invaluable contribution in sports development. |
1568_20 | Suvorov Moscow Military Music College "General Lieutenant Valery Khalilov" |
1568_21 | The Moscow Military Music College is a spin-off of the Suvorov Military School (affiliated with the school in 1944 but was established in 1937). Its mission was and still is to train future Soviet Army and Russian Army and Air Force military musicians and conductors and is famous for its Corps of Drums, a participant in the Moscow Victory Parade of 1945 and a regular participant in Revolution Day (1940 to 1990), Victory Day (1965, 1985, 1990, 1995–2008, 2012–present), and until 1966 May Day military parades. The corps is led by a drum major. The corps's instrumentation includes snare drums, fifes, trumpets, glockenspiels and during occasions, bass drums, tenor drums and fanfare bugles. A Turkish crescent from the college was used as its symbol in the Revolution Day and Victory Day parades from 1975 to 1990, later replaced in 1995 by the college's color guard squad carrying the collegiate Regimental Color (a new color was granted to the institution in 2008). It also has its own |
1568_22 | nationally and internationally famous training band wing that perform in various military tattoos in Russia and various European countries. |
1568_23 | Just in time for its 80th anniversary the "Valery Khalilov" honorific title was bestowed on December 26, 2016, by the Minister of Defence General of the Army Sergei Shoygu - a day after the tragic crash that killed Khalilov and 91 others off Sochi while the Alexandrov Ensemble was on its way to perform for Russian troops deployed in Syria. The decision was made public by the spokesperson of the MoD Major General Igor Kinashenkov.
Other Ground-associated Officer Commissioning Schools
These included the Leningrad, Orenburg (:ru:Оренбургское высшее зенитное ракетное училище (военный институт)), and Poltava Higher Anti-Aircraft Missile Command Schools of the Ground Forces, and the Smolensk Higher Anti-Aircraft Missile Engineering School.
Also the Kharkov Guards Higher Tank Command School, plus Tashkent, Ulyanovsk VTKUs.
Military academies of the Missile Forces |
1568_24 | Peter the Great Military Academy of the Strategic Missile Troops
The Academy descended from Mikhailovskaya Artillery Academy of Imperial Russia created in 1820 in St. Petersburg. The Dzerzhinsky Military Academy () was created in 1932 as F.E. Dzerzhinsky Artillery Academy (Артиллерийская академия имени Ф. Э. Дзержинского) of the "Red Army from the "Artillery Department and the Powder and Explosives" section of the Military Technical Academy's chemistry department that was disbanded at the time. |
1568_25 | Dzerzhinsky Academy was moved from Leningrad to Moscow in 1958, the year before the Strategic Rocket Forces were formed. Now named the Dzerzhinsky Missile Force Academy, its main facility was 'located at Kitayskiy Proyezd 9/5, within a block' of the Rossiya Hotel off Red Square. Other sources report that it was in the historical building of the Moscow Orphanage. Officers in command positions in the Strategic Missile Troops would seek admission to this academy. Information about this academy was highly classified. Its two major faculties were "command" and "engineering." The Academy was renamed after Peter the Great in 1997, and its Commandant is now Colonel General (three star) Yuriy F. Kirillov.
Military academies of the Air Forces, Air Defence Forces and Space Forces
Yuri Gagarin Military Air Academy |
1568_26 | The Gagarin Military Air Academy is located at Monino, northeast of Moscow, in an area closed to foreigners, nearby the Central Air Force Museum. Almost all the senior officers in the Soviet Air Force have attended this academy. It is charged with the preparation of "command cadres of various aviation specialties and is a research center for working out problems of operational art of the Air Force and tactics of branches and types of aviation." Part of the mandate involves developing new techniques in the operational use of the military aircraft. |
1568_27 | Marshal Leonid Govorov Air Defence and Radio Engineering Academy
The “Marshal of the Soviet Union L.A. Govorov Air Defence Radio Engineering Academy” () was first established in Moscow in 1941 as a subsidiary of the “Frunze Military Academy” and then moved to Kharkiv (Russian: “Kharkov”) in 1946. This graduate school trained commissioned officers of the Air Defence Force in radars, aerospace defence and surface-to-air missile sites, and command and control and communications facilities. Its graduates were granted an equivalent of the Master of Electrical or Systems Engineering degree. Also about 50 officers were annually graduating with a Kandidat Nauk degree (an equivalent of a Ph.D.). Of the total of some 300 faculty members, more than 10 per cent held the prestigious post-doctoral Doktor Nauk degree. Faculty members were highly engaged in applied research; their textbooks and research publications were known throughout the Soviet Union. |
1568_28 | This school was re-organized into the “Kharkiv Military University” of the Ukrainian Armed Forces in 1992, soon after the collapse of the USSR. According to the Ukrainian Cabinet of Ministers’ directive #433 (10.09.2003) the Military University and the Air Force Institute combined to become the Kharkiv National University of the Ukrainian Air Force.
Marshal Georgy Zhukov Command Academy of the Air Defence Forces
Alexander Mozhaysky Military Space Engineering Academy
Also in St. Petersburg, this is the academy responsible for the training of the future officers and NCOs of the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces, the armed forces' youngest branch of service. It was most recently renamed the Military Space Engineering Academy in November 2002.
Yaroslavl Higher Military Air Defence School
Located in Yaroslavl, this academy trains officers and NCOs of the air defence component of the Russian Air Force in proper treatment and handling of air defence rocket artillery systems. |
1568_29 | Other Air-Associated Officer Commissioning Schools
Shelton lists a total of 140 officer commissioning schools, drawn from a KZ list of 17 January 1980. That total included 15 Air Defence Forces schools (four Fighter Aviation, five radio-electronics, and six Anti-Aircraft Rocket), and 24 Air Forces (nine Higher Aviation Schools of Pilots, including the Borisoglebsk Higher Military Aviation School of Pilots at Borisoglebsk, two navigator schools (including the Chelyabinsk Higher Military Aviation School of Navigators "50th Anniversary of the Komsomols"), the Khar'kov Higher Military Aviation Command School of Signals, five three-year technical secondary schools, six Air Force engineering schools (including the Kiev Higher Military Aviation Engineering School), and the Kurgan Higher Military-Political Aviation School. |
1568_30 | Military Air Combat Training Centers
Military Air Combat Training Centers () do a great deal of scientific and technical work in mastering new aircraft, equipment, and air combat tactics for the Russian Air Forces.
Centre of Frontline Aviation, Lipetsk Air Base
Centre of Air Defence Aviation, Savasleika
Centre of Naval Aviation of the Russian Navy, Ostrov Air Base near Pskov
Centre of Long Range Aviation, Dyagilevo
Naval Educational Institutions |
1568_31 | As part of the ongoing military reform, the Defence Ministry has undertaken to create large consolidated educational entities within the Armed Forces. In the naval sphere the leading institution is the Military Educational and Scientific Center - Fleet Admiral Of the Soviet Union N.G. Kuznetsov Naval Academy (). This organization is responsible for the direct oversight of all naval training and educational institutions spanning students from grade school age through post-command senior officers destined to hold the highest positions in the Russian military.
Pre-commissioning Schools
Kronstadt Sea Cadet Corps
Located in Kronshtadt on Kotlin Island this school is for upper grade school aged youths interested in eventually attending the Nakhimov Naval School, a preparatory school for the several officers' commissioning institutions of the Russian Navy. |
1568_32 | Nakhimov Naval School
Founded in 1944 and located in St. Petersburg in an impressive baroque building adjacent to the AURORA, the Navy's oldest commissioned warship and the ship that has been credited with signaling the beginning of the October Revolution, this institution can be considered a naval preparatory school. Successful graduates from its program can directly enter the officer commissioning schools without sitting for the competitive entrance examinations. Originally, the Nakhimov Schools and their army equivalents, the Suvorov Schools, were established to provide education for the sons of officers who perished during the war. There were three Nakhimov Schools (Leningrad-1944, Tbilisi-1944, and Riga-1945) but the Tbilisi and Riga schools were closed in 1955 and 1952, respectively. Only the school in St. Petersburg continues to function until 2016, when the School was expanded to include campuses in major Russian naval base towns.
Naval Officer Commissioning Institutions |
1568_33 | Peter the Great Naval Corps - St. Petersburg Naval Institute
This is Russia's oldest naval officer commissioning school and institution of higher learning. Originally established as the School of Mathematics and Navigational Sciences in Moscow by Peter the Great the school was later moved to St. Petersburg. It is located on the embankment of the Neva River opposite the Admiralty Shipyard. In Soviet times it was known as the M.V. Frunze Higher Naval School. The great majority of Imperial Russia's and the Soviet Union's most outstanding naval officers and admiralty leadership are graduates of this school. Recently, the Leninskiy Komsomol Submarine Navigation Higher Naval School in St. Petersburg was absorbed by this institution.
Baltic Naval Military Institute "Admiral Fyodor Ushakov"
Located in Kaliningrad, this naval officer commissioning school educates general profile officers as well as specialists in communications and intelligence. |
1568_34 | Pacific Naval Military Institute "Admiral Stepan Makarov"
Located in Vladivostok, this naval officer commissioning school educates general profile officers for service in the Russian Navy's Pacific Fleet.
Black Sea Higher Naval Military Institute "Admiral Pavel Nakhimov"
Located in Sevastopol, this naval officer commissioning school educates general profile officers for service in the Russian Navy's Black Sea Fleet.
A.S. Popov Naval Radioelectronics Institute
This is the Russian Navy's officer commissioning school for specialists in naval electronics and computer technologies. It is located near the imperial summer palace in Peterhof, St. Petersburg. |
1568_35 | Naval Engineering Institute
This naval school commissions engineering officers, specializing in both conventional and nuclear propulsion and associated systems. This institute is located in Pushkin, St. Petersburg and now combines the F. Dzerzhinskiy Higher Naval Engineering School formerly located in the Admiralty building and the Higher Naval Engineering School which had been located in Pushkin near the lake of the imperial Catherine Palace.
Advanced Officer Education
Advanced Special Officers' Courses are located in St. Petersburg and a distinct branch of the Higher Educational-Scientific Center "N.G. Kuznetsov Naval Academy" in its own location, this institution provides advanced education for prospective Executive and Commanding Officers as well as for officers going on to be "flag specialists" on the commands and staff officers of large naval formations and fleets.
Naval Post-graduate Institutions |
1568_36 | Kuznetsov Naval Academy |
1568_37 | Formerly known as Marshal Andrey Grechko Naval Academy, the Kuznetsov Naval Academy is located in St. Petersburg and is the Russian Navy's only senior service school. The students are lieutenants commander, commanders, and some captains, with ages from 30–35 years. All naval officers (including naval aviation) holding positions of Executive Officers, Commanding Officers, formation, fleet, or naval staff command positions are graduates of this academy. First established in 1827 as the Advance Officers' Class of the Imperial Russian Navy and later the Nikolayev Naval Academy and reorganized as the Petrograd Maritime Academy in 1917, and at various times renamed as the WPRF Naval Academy, the Marshal of the Soviet Union Kliment Voroshilov Naval Academy and the Marshal of the Soviet Union Andrey Grechko Naval Academy, it gained its current name and title in 1990. Among its alumni are decorated naval officers of the Imperial Russian, Soviet, and now Russian navies, and recipients of |
1568_38 | various state orders and decorations. |
1568_39 | Beyond the Naval Academy
In order to qualify to command any naval or MOD operational-strategic or strategic formation (command) senior naval officers must complete the course of study at the Military Academy of the General Staff in order also to be promoted to senior and flag officer ranks.
Academies and Institutes of Non-MOD armed forces: MVD, EMERCOM, FSS and other agencies
Ministry of the Interior of Russia High Command Academy
This academy trains future officers of the Ministry of the Interior's various military forces. It was founded in 1932 as a training venue for the NKVD's future command officers, entitled as a post graduate school for the advanced officers in the interior services. |
1568_40 | St. Petersburg National Guard Forces Command Military Institute
Located in St. Petersburg, the NGFCMI serves as the training facility for personnel of the National Guard Forces Command of the National Guard of Russia, both officers, warrant officers and non-commissioned officers. It was established on September 4, 1947 as the MVD Central School and since then as gone on many transformations before acquiring its present title in 2016.
St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
As one of the premier post-graduate schools of Russia's Internal Affairs Ministry its purpose is for the enhancement and continued training for officers and NCOs of the Ministry's various arms and services, including the Police, Drug Control Administration and the Tax Police. Both men and women study as advanced officers and NCOs in the university. |
1568_41 | Ministry of Emergency Situations Civil Defence Academy
As part of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, this academy trains troops (both officers and NCOs) for the service of the country's civil defence capabilities and disaster response services.
Saint Petersburg Military Institute of Civil Defence
This institute is the training center for improved training of all male and female MES personnel, and since Saint Petersburg is the historic birthplace of the Russian civil defence services, many graduate here as professionals in civil defence, search and rescue skills and fire prevention.
Moscow Felix Dzerzhinsky Federal Security Service Academy
Established on 25 December 1921 and relaunched on August 24, 1992, this training academy of the Russian Federal Security Service is mandated for the enhanced education of all FSS personnel in various fields of law enforcement. Since 2007, Colonel General Victor Ostroukhov is its commandant. |
1568_42 | Moscow City Council Border Protection and Security Institute of the FSS
Established in the 1930s, the institute educates all service personnel of the Border Guard Service of Russia (part of the FSS), officers and NCOs, on border security and policing in the wide Russian border.
Moscow Military Institute of the Russian FSS
It trains the future officers and NCO's of the various service fields of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, especially in border protection and federal security.
Military Technical University of the Federal Agency for Special Construction
The Military Technical University of the Federal Agency for Special Construction was opened in 1964, with the MTU-FASC serving as the main training school for service personnel of the Federal Agency for Special Construction in construction techniques, mechanical engineering and construction engineering to train them to become full-time military engineers in all sectors of the construction industry. |
1568_43 | Former military academies
V.I. Lenin Political-Military Academy
The Lenin Military-Political Academy () specialized in training political officers for the Soviet Armed Forces, and until 1942, political commissars for the Armed Forces. After a number of reorganizations, it was in 1994 merged with the "Military Institute of Foreign Languages" and the "Armed Forces Humanities Academy" into the Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation which offers cadets (both officers and NCOs) various courses and postgraduate studies. |
1568_44 | Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy
The Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy named after Nikolai Yegorovich Zhukovsky was founded in Moscow in 1920 to train engineers for the Soviet Air Force as well as lecturers and scientists for military academies and research institutions. The main facility of this academy is located on the Leningrad Prospekt immediately across from the Moscow Central Airfield. Course of instruction length is five years. In addition to being an institution of higher learning, it also is a scientific center for working out problems in the areas of aviation technology, its maintenance, and combat utilization. Since 2008, the Gagarin Air Academy is a part of the school apparatus, and both have become the Gagarin-Zhukovsky Military Combined Air Force Academy, with its Moscow main campus retained.
See also
Reserve Officer Training in Russia
Academy of Foreign Intelligence
Military education in the Soviet Union
References |
1568_45 | External links
Military Education, list of military schools and academy at the official Ministry of Defence web site)
Moscow Defense Brief, 1/2006, January 2006 on current status
History of GLITs (NII VVS)Testpilot Russia (Russian)
Soviet Aviation Test Facilities
Scott, William F., and Harriet Fast Scott. "Education and Training of Soviet Air Forces Officers", Air University Review, November–December 1986, airpower.maxwell.af.mil
de:Militärakademie der Russischen Streitkräfte
ko:러시아 군사 종합 아카데미
zh:伏龙芝军事学院 |
1569_0 | ESPN Monday Night Countdown (officially Monday Night Countdown presented by Subway) is an American pregame television program that is broadcast on ESPN, preceding Monday Night Football. When it debuted in 1993 as NFL Prime Monday, and Monday Night Football was airing on ABC, the pregame show was one of the first cross-pollinations between ESPN and ABC Sports, which each largely operated under separate management at the time. The show was renamed Monday Night Countdown in 1998, and Monday Night Football moved from ABC to ESPN in 2006. The current sponsor is presented by Subway, starting with the 2020 season. Previous sponsors of the show include UPS, Applebee's, Call of Duty, and Courtyard by Marriott
History |
1569_1 | Monday Night Football on ABC era
The show was initially hosted by Mike Tirico along with analysts Joe Theismann, Craig James, Phil Simms and Ron Jaworski. Mike Ditka also discussed certain topics and Chris Mortensen brought news and rumors from around the league. John Clayton was also a regular guest on the show. Former presenters include Mike Tirico, Bill Parcells, Michael Irvin, and Sterling Sharpe. During the 2005 season, it enjoyed its best ratings ever and was the highest-rated studio sports show on cable television. On occasion, the crew appeared on-site at the game, but for the most part the show was aired from the studios in Bristol, Connecticut.
ESPN Monday Night Football |
1569_2 | 2006
In 2006, the show began appearing at the Monday Night Football site live as the game moved to ESPN from ABC. Stuart Scott moved to host of NFL Primetime which precedes Monday Night Countdown and Chris Berman moved from NFL Primetime to Monday Night Countdown and was joined by returning analysts Tom Jackson and Michael Irvin along with new analyst from Sunday NFL Countdown Steve Young. Ron Jaworski also contributed to the show along with Chris Mortensen, Ed Werder and Sal Paolantonio. Also, in 2006 Monday Night Countdown introduced a new logo and new graphics as part of The Syndicate's new NFL package for ESPN. In the same fashion as all ESPN NFL studio shows, Monday Night Countdown adopted ABC's alternate football musical theme, though presented as a shuffle.
2007
Beginning with the 2007, the show cutback its onsite presence by having its main anchor team at ESPN studio's in Bristol, but still kept a set at the actual game site. |
1569_3 | 2008
The Bristol team was Berman, Jackson, Mortensen, Mike Ditka, Keyshawn Johnson, and Cris Carter. The on-site team is Scott, Young, and Emmitt Smith.
2009-2012
The Bristol team was Berman, Jackson, Mortensen, Ditka, Johnson, and Carter. The on-site team was Scott, Young, and Matt Millen (later Trent Dilfer) in the third spot.
On September 17, 2012, Monday Night Countdown moved up to the 6:30 ET timeslot and expanded to 2 hours. As a result, SportsCenter Monday Kickoff had its runtime cut in half, from 60 minutes to 30 minutes only. Additionally, Monday Night Countdown debuted a new program logo that closely resembles that of Monday Night Football and a new graphics scheme package matching that of Monday Night Football. Also, Monday Night Countdown began using MNF's "Heavy Action" theme music as this program's own theme music.
2013
Ray Lewis is added to the on-site team after his retirement from the NFL in 2012. |
1569_4 | On December 23, 2013, the final scheduled Monday Night Football broadcast of that season, Chris Berman was at Candlestick Park in San Francisco covering the 49ers' final home game in that stadium, while Stuart Scott was at ESPN's Bristol studios. The 49ers defeated the Atlanta Falcons, 34-24, in the MNF season finale. That game was also the 36th and final Monday Night Football game — and the last NFL game — ever played at Candlestick Park. |
1569_5 | 2014
On September 8, 2014, Monday Night Countdown moved to a brand-new set inside Digital Center 2 of ESPN's Bristol studios, which shares the same set as Sunday NFL Countdown and NFL Primetime. However, the Monday Night Football graphics package is still used, but the rundown graphic was changed to match the one used on SportsCenter. 1 week later (September 15, 2014), Monday Night Countdown moved up to the 6:00 p.m. ET timeslot, which resulted in SportsCenter Monday Kickoff not returning for the 2014 season and moving the 6:00 p.m. ET edition of SportsCenter to ESPN2 on Mondays during the NFL season. |
1569_6 | 2015
Suzy Kolber, who substituted for the then-ailing Stuart Scott during most of the 2014 season, took over Scott's role permanently as an on-site host. She was previously a sideline reporter for Monday Night Football from 2006-2010. Additionally, Monday Night Countdown debuted a new logo resembling its other NFL-themed studio-show properties, along with a new graphics package that is also used for MNF. |
1569_7 | 2016
With the exception of Chris Berman (who remained in the Bristol studio), the entire Monday Night Countdown crew were moved to the Monday Night Football game site, joining on-site host Suzy Kolber. Meanwhile, Berman was joined in the Bristol studio each week by analysts who work or had previously worked at ESPN. However, Berman and the Monday Night Countdown crew did the show on November 21 from Estadio Azteca in Mexico City for the game between the Oakland Raiders and Houston Texans, and December 12 from Gillette Stadium in Foxborough, Massachusetts. This was also Berman's final season as a host for ESPN's NFL-themed studio shows. |
1569_8 | 2017
Suzy Kolber was named host of Monday Night Countdown on March 23, 2017. She replaced Chris Berman, who departed after 30 seasons of hosting NFL-themed studio shows, though he still appeared in occasional segments. In addition to her pregame duties, Kolber now hosts all halftime and post-game shows, normally from the game site; however, the October 9, 2017, November 27, 2017 and December 25, 2017 shows all originated from ESPN's Bristol studio. The Christmas Day episode, which only ran for 45 minutes, did not have Woodson or Young; Rex Ryan did the show.
2019
Woodson left ESPN for Fox, and Hasselbeck left Countdown to take over as a full-time co-analyst role for ESPN’s Thursday Night College Football games. Therefore, the lineup was Suzy Kolber, Adam Schefter, Randy Moss, Steve Young, and Louis Riddick. The show got a new graphics package. The October 28 show originated from Bristol instead of Pittsburgh, probably because the show had been there earlier in the season. |
1569_9 | 2020
Monday Night Countdown, along with most of ESPN's NFL-themed studio shows, moved to the network's South Street Seaport studios in New York City for the 2020 season. With the exception of Louis Riddick, who switched roles with Booger McFarland & moved to the Monday Night Football broadcast booth (the latter of whom took over Riddick's previous role of studio analyst), the lineup remained the same from the previous season.
2021
After being at the network's New York City facilities due to the COVID-19 pandemic the previous year, Monday Night Countdown returned to the game site for the first time in two seasons. Kolber, McFarland, Moss and Young all returned from the previous season. The show originated from New York instead of Baltimore October 11 and Washington November 29. Young didn't do the show October 18; Alex Smith did the show for the first time.
Personalities
This is a list of personalities that currently or formerly appeared on Monday Night Countdown.
Current |
1569_10 | Main Panelists
Suzy Kolber: (Host, 2015–present)
Steve Young:(Analyst, 2006–present)
Randy Moss: (Analyst, 2016–present)
Booger McFarland: (Analyst, 2020–present)
Alex Smith: (Substitute analyst, 2021)
Contributors
Sal Paolantonio: (Contributor, 2006–present)
Michelle Beisner-Buck: (Contributor, 2016–present)
Lisa Salters: (Sideline reporter, 2012–present)
NFL Insiders
Chris Mortensen: (1993–present)
Adam Schefter: (2009–present)
Former
Hosts
Mike Tirico: (1993–2001)
Stuart Scott: (2002–2005, 2007–2014)^
Chris Berman: (2006–2016)
Analysts |
1569_11 | Joe Theismann: (1993–1997)
Craig James: (1993–199?)
Phil Simms: (1994)
Sterling Sharpe: (1995–2002)
Ron Jaworski: (199?–2005)
Michael Irvin: (2003–2006)
Tom Jackson: (2006–2015)
Keyshawn Johnson: (2007–2015)
Bill Parcells: (2007)
Emmitt Smith: (2007–2008)
Mike Ditka: (2008–2015)
Cris Carter: (2008–2015)
Matt Millen: (2009–2010)
Trent Dilfer: (2011–2016)
Ray Lewis: (2013–2015)
Matt Hasselbeck: (2016–2018)
Charles Woodson: (2016–2018)
Louis Riddick: (2019)
Contributors
Dan Le Batard (199?-????)
Mike Ditka: (2004–2005; 2007)
Michele Tafoya: (2006–2011)
Ed Werder: (2006–2016)
Rick Reilly: (2008–2015)
Louis Riddick: (2017–2018)
^ deceased
Segments |
1569_12 | Current
Playmaking Made Easy: The presenters of the program are seen outside giving a full demonstration of how to perform certain moves.
Sunday Snapshot: Introduced on September 25, 2017. Highlights of Sunday's games are shown, with a still represented by a click of a camera. Originally, the Sunday Snapshot consisted of a theme (e.g., upsets) but now is about a player's performance from the previous day's game.
Game Balls: Introduced on October 2, 2017. Kolber and the other analysts give out game balls to those who had an outstanding performance over the weekend. It is similar to the Game Balls that Berman and Tom Jackson gave out on NFL Primetime and other shows. |
1569_13 | C'Mon Man!: Introduced on October 27, 2008. During the show, they will each describe a play or series of plays that made them scratch their heads and say, "C'Mon Man!". They range from plays on the field to actions by fans and other people present at the game. This includes plays from games in the NFL, college and high school football, and the Canadian Football League as well as, occasionally, from other sports. "C'Mon Man!", which is similar to the weekly "Not Top Plays" segment on SportsCenter, is sponsored by GEICO.
You Got Mossed!: Introduced in 2016, this segment features highlights of catches by wide receivers in high school football, the CFL, college football, the NFL and even MLB, the NBA and Ultimate Frisbee, while the defenders are being described as getting "mossed" (hence the term named after ESPN NFL analyst & former NFL wide receiver Randy Moss). |
1569_14 | Boomer's Best: A new segment introduced in 2017, where Chris Berman highlights historic moments from the history of Monday Night Football. For the NFL's 100th season in 2019, the format was changed to a countdown of the top 50 plays in NFL history. For the 2020 and 2021 seasons, it was changed to a countdown of the top plays of the weekend. By the fourth week of the 2021 season, the name was changed to "Boomer's Best" (it had been called "Boomer's Vault".)
Hometown Heroes: Introduced in 2018, it features a player from the night's game helping out in his team's community. |
1569_15 | Former
In the Pocket: Former quarterback Steve Young analyzed the performances the league's quarterbacks for Thursday and Sunday games.
Field Pass: Players were shown warming up for the game. Beginning with the November 12, 2018 episode the "Field Pass" name was not being used, but they were still showing player warmups. For several years, it was presented by Dunkin' Donuts.
Teams at 20: An all-day segment, including on SportsCenter, where various facets of each of the Monday night teams were reviewed.
Sunday Drive: Ron Jaworski analyzed a key drive from the previous day's action, from start to finish.
The Mort Report: Chris Mortensen broke down trade rumors, coaching changes and injuries.
Playmakers: Michael Irvin reviewed the players who made the biggest difference in Sunday's games. |
1569_16 | Jacked Up: At the end of the show Tom Jackson counted down the top five biggest hits of the week. In 2006, the format went to 6, and 6 to 4 were done on the show, and 3 to 1 were done at halftime. Only hits that did not result in a penalty or injury were featured in this segment. Discontinued at the start of the 2008 season due to the growing issue of glorifying 'big hits' causing concussions in the game.
Dilfer's Dimes: Trent Dilfer shows the best passes from the week's action from the NFL and college football. The segment was previously on SportsCenter Sunday nights before it moved to Monday Night Countdown in 2016. Dilfer was among the employees laid off by ESPN in late April 2017, so it can be surmised the segment has been discontinued.
Sorry Bro!: a segment similar to "C'mon Man!" where plays from the previous day were shown, and Kolber and the analysts would end his/her segment by saying "Sorry Bro!" It only aired once, on September 21, 2015. |
1569_17 | Chalk Talk: Jon Gruden interviewed a player or coach from that night's game. It was discontinued after Gruden returned to coaching the Raiders. It was sponsored by Corona, Burger King, Dick's Sporting Goods and Nationwide Insurance. |
1569_18 | See also
NFL Insiders
NFL Live
NFL Matchup
Resources
Press Release: ESPN'S 2006 NFL LINEUP SURROUNDS MONDAY NIGHT FOOTBALL WITH 188 YEARS OF GRIDIRON EXPERIENCE
References
External links
Official show page
ESPN original programming
1993 American television series debuts
2000s American television series
2010s American television series
Countdown
National Football League pregame television series |
1570_0 | Armando Durim Sadiku (born 27 May 1991) is an Albanian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Spanish club UD Las Palmas and the Albania national team.
Born in Cërrik, Elbasan, Sadiku started his career with a local club Fushë Mbreti from where he moved later at the youth ranks of his boyhood club Turbina, and later made his professional debut in the Kategoria e Parë. In the summer of the 2009, he went to Gramozi in the club's first ever top flight season, where he had a breakthrough year, scoring eight goals, which earned him a move to Elbasani. Sadiku played only a half season with Elbasani, since he was banned from Albanian football due to non-sporting behavior. His ban forced him to transfer to Switzerland where he played for Locarno. |
1570_1 | Sadiku found his form in Switzerland, netting 54 goals in Swiss Challenge League, and was top scorer in 2012–13 season. In November 2013, he joined top flight side Zürich on a five-year deal. His time there was marred by his lack of playing time and injuries, most notably an injury in May 2014 which left him sidelined for 6 months. He returned the next season but failed to make an impact, scoring only three goals. However he still won the 2013–14 Swiss Cup. Sadiku form improved in the first half of 2015–16 season, scoring eight goals in 18 appearances. Despite being the top scorer of the team at this time, he was sent on loan to fellow relegation strugglers Vaduz, which was dubbed as an "owngoal" by Swiss media. |
1570_2 | Sadiku helped Vaduz to retain their top flight status for another season, in addition relegating his parent club. He returned to Zürich in the summer, and was target of top European clubs from Serie A and Bundesliga, but didn't leave due to club's high economical demands. In January 2017, Sadiku was sent on loan again, this time at his former side FC Lugano where he rejoined Paolo Tramezzani.
An Albanian international, Sadiku with 11 goals scored, is his country's active player top goalscorer and 8th in the overall ranking. At youth level, he represented Albania under-19 and under-21 side with whom he scored 6 goals in only 7 appearances, thus being all-time top goalscorer. He made his senior debut in 2012 and was part of UEFA Euro 2016 squad where he scored Albania's first goal at a UEFA European Championship.
Club career |
1570_3 | Early career
Born in Cërrik, Elbasan, Sadiku started his youth career at age of 7 with a local club Fushë Mbreti from where he moved later at the youth ranks of his boyhood club Turbina, and later made his professional debut in the Kategoria e Parë whereas he played during the two seasons 2007–08 and 2008–09.
Gramozi
In July 2009, Sadiku completed a transfer to newly promoted Kategoria Superiore side Gramozi, owned by the brother of Albanian oil tycoon Rezart Taci. He made his first top flight appearance on 23 August at the age of 18 in the opening matchday against Shkumbini which ended in a goalless draw, with Sadiku coming on in the second half.
He opened his scoring account on 19 September in matchday 4 versus Skënderbeu, netting a tap-in for the temporary equalizer in an eventual 4–1 away loss. One week later, Sadiku was again on the scoresheet as Gramozi recorded their first ever Kategoria Superiore win by beating Flamurtari. |
1570_4 | Sadiku finished his only Gramozi season by scoring 8 goals in 28 league appearances, as Gramori was relegated after only one season.
Elbasani
During the summer transfer window, Sadiku signed for his hometown club Elbasani. During the 2010–11 season first-half he played 14 matches and scored 5 goals. He made his debut with the club on 22 August 2010 during the opening league match against Tirana at home, playing 75 minutes in a 1–1 draw. He scored his first goal of the season in his second appearance six days later, netting a last-minute winner in a 2–1 away win over Bylis. |
1570_5 | On 19 December 2010, during the league match against Laçi, Sadiku, who had scored earlier in the match, was sent-off in the 82nd minute. A minute before his dismissal, he scored but was caught offside by the assistant referee Eduard Miho, which enraged Sadiku, who run towards him and pushed away by throat, spitting and also insulted him the process. Disciplinary Committee suspended Sadiku from Albanian football for two years, also fining him. That was his last match in Albanian football, as Sadiku left the club to purchase a career in Switzerland. As it happened with Gramozi in previous season, Elbasani also ranked in the last place and were relegated to Kategoria e Parë. |
1570_6 | Locarno
Sadiku moved for the first time aboard in March 2011 where he completed a transfer to Swiss Challenge League side Locarno. The transfer was made official on 13th. He arrived in the morning and even travelled with the side to the away fixture with Schaffhausen. He made his debut later that day, playing for 82 minutes in a 2–1 loss. He opened his scoring account on Switzerland on his third appearance for the club, netting the winning goal against Chiasso on 1 April for a 2–1 win.
However that goal was to open the floodgates of the striker scoring in Switzerland, as he managed a brace against Kriens, and goals versus Aarau and Winterthur, which gave him 9 in 12 appearances as the team barely avoided relegation. |
1570_7 | Sadiku begun 2011–12 season on strong fashion, netting twice on the opening day against Wohlen as the match was lost 5–2. He returned to the scoring sheet later on 20 August by scoring a brace in Locarno's 3–0 defeat of Étoile Carouge, giving his side the first win of the season. Then he scored on Swiss Cup round 2 against Wil which was not enough as Locarno was eliminated on penalties after regular time ended 1–1. Sadiku concluded his second Locarno season by netting 19 goals in the championship, being the highest scorer as Locarno finished 9th.
Lugano
On 23 July 2012, Locarno confirmed via their official website the purchase of Sadiku on a three-year contract. With the deal Sadiku would earn CHF200,000 per season. |
1570_8 | He made his competitive debut one week later in matchday 3 of championship against Biel-Bienne, netting a brace to lead the team into 4–0 home win. He scored another brace later on 19 August in the 4–1 home win over Wohlen to take his tally up to 4 league goals. Sadiku reached double-figures for the second season in a row on 29 October where he scored his team's only goal in a 1–2 home defeat to Winterthur. Sadiku eventually finished his first Lugano season making 32 league appearances collecting 2849 minutes and netting 20 goals in, to become top scorer as the team finished 7th in the championship, failing to clinch a spot to top flight next season. He also contributed with 2 goals in 2 cup matches. |
1570_9 | He started the new season by netting in the 1–3 home defeat to St. Gallen for the 2013–14 Swiss Cup Round 2 which eliminated Lugano from the competition. During the first part of 2013–14 season, Sadiku scored 6 goals in 11 appearances. including a brace in the 3–1 home win over Schaffhausen, before leaving in November.
Zürich
On 13 November 2013, Zürich and Lugano reached an agreement for the transfer of Sadiku for €500,000. The transfer was made official on 1 January 2014 where the player signed a contract until June 2018, taking squad number 11. At Zürich, he found his Albania teammate Burim Kukeli.
Sadiku made his first Swiss Super League appearance on 1 February against Sion where he came in the last minutes. Sadiku scored his first top flight goal on 16 February in the 3–1 home win over Thun. |
1570_10 | Later on 26 March, he made another appearance as substitute, entering in the final minutes of extra time of Swiss Cup semi-final match against Thun which finished in a goalless draw which lead the match to penalty shootouts where Sadiku successfully converted his penalty shootout attempt as the team won 5–4. He also played in the final of competition against Basel as Zürich won after extra-time to win their 8th cup in history. This win constituted his first career trophy.
On 10 May 2014, during the league match against St. Gallen, Sadiku entered as substitute in the 70th minute and was injured shortly after, breaking knee ligament which would keep him sidelined for the next 6 months. |
1570_11 | Sadiku made his on-field return on 30 November 2014 in 2014–15 Swiss Super League matchday 17 versus Basel where he came as a substitute in a 1–2 home loss. He opened his scoring account for 2014–15 season during the 5–0 win over Cham for Swiss Cup Round 3. He concluded 2014–15 season by scoring 3 goals in 14 league appearances, in addition 1 goal in 1 cup match. |
1570_12 | Loan to Vaduz
During the first part of 2015–16 season, Sadiku was used scarcely, and often as a substitute by coach Sami Hyypiä despite being the team's top goalscorer in the league. That lead him to request a loan to another Swiss Super League side in order to play more to be ready to represent Albania in the UEFA Euro 2016 in France. His wish was fulfilled and on 12 January 2016 Sadiku was loaned out to the bottom-side Vaduz until the end of season. During his presentation one day later, Sadiku was allocated squad number 32 and dubbed his Vaduz move as the "right decision". His parent club Zürich was criticized by the Swiss media, which dubbed the loan an "own goal" and an "arrogant" decision. |
1570_13 | Sadiku made his debut for the club on 6 February scoring a brace and providing two assists in a 5–2 away win against fellow relegation strugglers Lugano, one of his former sides. On 28 February, he was again on the scoresheet scoring his team's only goal in a 1–1 draw against Grasshopper, giving Vaduz one point.
On 6 April, he scored a brace in the 2015–16 Liechtenstein Cup semi-final match against Eschen/Mauren, helping the team to win the 2–1 and progress to the final. Four days later, Sadiku scored his fourth league goal for Vaduz and also provided an assist during the 3–0 home win against St. Gallen, helping Vaduz to a first success after six consecutive winless league matches. He scored his tenth league goal of the season during the 5–4 away defeat to Young Boys. Vaduz eventually finished 8th which was enough to avoid relegation. |
1570_14 | Loan to Lugano
Following arrival of Paolo Tramezzani from Sadiku's national team Albania at Lugano made Sadiku himself to move on loan at FC Lugano making also a return. He made his return debut on 4 February in team's 4–0 away defeat at Basel. Following that, he went on to score in five consecutive league matches, including the winner against St. Gallen, as Lugano become a contenter for a European spot next season. During his time at Lugano, Sadiku formed a fierce partnership with Ezgjan Alioski, as the duo scored 25 goals together. On 7 May, Sadiku scored against Basel and celebrated by taking off his shirt receiving his second yellow card as the match finished in a 2–2 draw. On 21 May, Sadiku scored against Vaduz to open Lugano's way for a 3–0 victory which secured them participation in the 2017–18 UEFA Europa League next season. He finished the second part of the 2016–17 season by scoring 9 times in 16 appearances. |
1570_15 | Legia Warsaw
On 12 July 2017, Sadiku joined Polish Ekstraklasa side Legia Warsaw by penning a three-year contract. The transfer fee was undisclosed, but it was reported that Legia paid €1.5 million for his services, making Sadiku the most expensive purchase of Polish football. He was presented two days later, where he was given squad number 99, stating: "I am happy I have signed with such a great club. This is a good step in my career. I hope we will qualify for the Champions League group stage." |
1570_16 | Sadiku made his first appearance for Legia on 15 July in the opening Ekstraklasa matchday against Gornik Zabrze, playing in the second half and scoring his team's only goal in a 3–1 away defeat. Eleven days later, Sadiku made his UEFA Champions League debut by scoring a tap-in in a 3–1 away defeat to Astana in the first leg of third qualifying round. Sadiku was on the score-sheet also in his Polish Cup debut on 8 August where he netted in the last moments of the 4–1 win over Wisła Puławy in the round of 32.
Sadiku was sold by Legia on deadline day on 31 January to La Liga outfit Levante for an undisclosed fee. During his time at Warsaw he netted 7 times in 25 official matches. |
1570_17 | Levante
On 31 January 2018, in the deadline day, Sadiku was signed by Levante of La Liga for an undisclosed fee. The player signed a contract until June 2020. After several weeks sidelined due to knee injury, Sadiku made his debut for the club on 26 February by starting in the 0–2 loss to Real Betis. By doing so, he became only the second Albanian ever, the first being Valdet Rama, to play in La Liga. On 4 March, in the final minutes of the first half of the match against Espanyol, Sadiku suffered a head to head clash with goalkeeper Diego López; he was replaced at half time while López was sent to hospital. Sadiku then underwent surgery on his nose.
He concluded the second part of 2017–18 season by making only six league appearances, scoring no goals in the process. In August 2018, Sadiku suffered a major injury in his left knee while playing in a friendly against Netherlands' Heerenveen. He remained sidelined for the entire first part of 2018–19 season. |
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