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1563_30 | Migrant workers protection |
1563_31 | A perceived weakness of his administration was the situation in handling migrant workers' protection, a very major issue in the Philippines, as there are millions of Filipinos abroad throughout the world serving as workers in foreign countries, and their remittances to relatives at home are very important to the Filipino economy. On the eve of his 67th birthday on March 17, 1995, Ramos was on a foreign trip when Flor Contemplación was hanged in Singapore. His last-minute effort to negotiate with Singapore President Ong Teng Cheong and Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong never succeeded and Ramos' return home was marred with protests after his arrival in Manila. The protests also caused the resignation of Foreign Affairs Secretary Roberto Romulo and Labor Secretary Nieves Confesor from the cabinet. He immediately recalled Philippine ambassador to Singapore Alicia Ramos and suspended diplomatic relations with Singapore. He created a special commission to look into the case, which was in part |
1563_32 | an effort to try to rescue his sagging popularity. The commission was led by retired Supreme Court Justice Emilio Gancayco. |
1563_33 | As recommended by the Gancayco Commission, Ramos facilitated the enactment of Republic Act 8042, better known as the "Magna Carta for Overseas Workers" or more formally as the Migrant Workers Act, which was signed into law on June 7, 1995. Learning from the lessons of the Contemplación case, Ramos immediately ordered UAE Ambassador Roy Señeres to facilitate negotiations after learning of the death penalty verdict of Sarah Balabagan in September 1995. Balabagan's sentence was reduced and she was released in August 1996. After tensions cooled off, Ramos restored diplomatic relations with Singapore after meeting Goh Chok Tong on the sidelines during the 50th anniversary of the United Nations in New York City.
Asian Financial Crisis of 1997 |
1563_34 | The 1997 Asian Financial Crisis, which started in Thailand, was a major blow to the end of the Ramos administration, with him stepping down with a negative GDP growth. The economy was hit by currency devaluation. The same was true for the Thai baht, Malaysian ringgit and Indonesian rupiah. Growth fell to about −0.6% in 1998 from 5.2% in 1997, but recovered to 3.4% by 1999. It also resulted to the shutdown of some businesses, a decline in importation, a rising unemployment rate and an unstable financial sector. |
1563_35 | Clark Centennial Expo Scandal |
1563_36 | Supposedly, one of his notable contributions to the Philippines was the revival of nationalistic spirit by embarking on a massive promotion campaign for the centennial of Philippine Independence celebrated on June 12, 1998. However, charges of alleged massive corruption or misuse of funds blemished the resulting programs and various projects, one of which was the Centennial Expo and Amphitheater at the former Clark Air Base in Angeles City, supposedly Ramos's pet project. The commemorative projects, particularly those undertaken at Clark, were hounded by illegal electioneering and corruption controversies even years after the Centennial celebrations. Clark Air Base at that point was already completely free of American interference and therefore conceived as a suitable venue for Independence Day. Since in 1992, all American military bases were expelled from the country due to the continuing protests of the Anti-Bases Coalition (ABC), founded by the late Sen. Jose W. Diokno and Sen. |
1563_37 | Lorenzo M. Tañada. |
1563_38 | Later on it was revealed through a media exposé that a special report by the Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism (PCIJ) showed how the projects relating to the Expo site not only revealed the extravagance and inefficiency of the administration, but also served as a convenient vehicle to affect election fund-raising for the LAKAS political party of Ramos, which came at the expense of tax-paying citizens and was in direct violation of the Election Code. The Centennial Expo Pilipino project, intended to be the centerpiece for celebrating the 100th anniversary of the country's independence from Spain, also earned extensive criticisms for being an expensive white elephant project that disadvantaged the government at the cost of P9 billion, or 1.7 percent of the country's 1998 national budget. Six ranking Ramos cabinet members and officials, headed by Salvador Laurel (former Vice-President), chairman of the Centennial Commission, were cleared by the Ombudsman and the |
1563_39 | Sandiganbayan (People's Court). Ramos appeared before a Congressional Committee in October 1998 to help exonerate said officials of any wrongdoing. |
1563_40 | WikiLeaks
In 2011, WikiLeaks released a leaked 1994 diplomatic note from the US Embassy in Manila, recounting a private conversation between a diplomat and Joel de los Santos, a retired Filipino university professor who specialized in Islamic affairs. De los Santos alleged that Libyan leader Muammar al-Qaddafi had channeled $200,000 (5 million pesos) to Ramos' 1992 election campaign. Ramos dismissed the claim as "hearsay by itself, and is further based on a string of successive hearsay conversations" and challenged anyone who believed the claim to produce evidence. |
1563_41 | Charter Change
During his final years in office, Ramos tried to amend the country's 1987 constitution; a process popularly known to many Filipinos as Charter Change or the so-called "Cha-Cha". Widespread protests led by Corazon Aquino and the Catholic Church stopped him from pushing through with the plan. Political analysts were divided as to whether Ramos really wanted to use Cha-Cha to extend his presidency or only to imbalance his opponents, as the next presidential election neared. He also intended to extend the term limits of the presidency to remain in power but her political rival Miriam Defensor-Santiago went to the Supreme Court and negated extending the term limit of the president, which preserved democracy at the time.
Post-presidency
Activities
EDSA II
In January 2001, Ramos was instrumental in the success of the so-called Second EDSA Revolution that deposed Philippine president Joseph Estrada and installed then-Vice President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo as president. |
1563_42 | Estrada was later acquitted of perjury but found guilty of plunder and sentenced to reclusion perpetua with the accessory penalties of perpetual disqualification from public office and forfeiture of ill-gotten wealth on September 12, 2007, and pardoned by President Macapagal-Arroyo on October 26, 2007.
Ramos is currently the Chairman Emeritus of the Lakas CMD (Christian-Muslim Democrats) Party, formerly known as Lakas NUCD-UMDP or the Partido Lakas Tao-National Union of Christian Democrats-Union of Muslim Democrats of the Philippines. |
1563_43 | At the height of the election-rigging scandal in July 2005, Ramos publicly convinced President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo not to resign from office. Ramos, who was also hounded by charges of electoral fraud during the 1992 elections which were never proven in the Supreme Court, repeatedly stated that the scandal is nowhere as grave as that of People Power Revolutions of 1986 and 2001, citing factors such as the stagnant Philippine economy in the final years of the Marcos regime as well as the allegedly massive corruption of the Estrada administration.
Advocacies |
1563_44 | Ramos also unveiled his proposals for constitutional change of the country. Citing the need to be more economically competitive in the midst of globalization and the need to improve governance for all Filipinos, Ramos suggested that government should start the process of Charter Change with a set deadline in 2007 (by which time the new charter and new government would take effect). Ramos supports the transformation of the country's political system from the Philippine presidential-bicameral-system into a unicameral parliament in transition to a federal form. |
1563_45 | Ramos is currently representing the Philippines in the ASEAN Eminent Persons Group, tasked to draft the Charter of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN). He was also a member of numerous international groups and fora, and is currently the chairman of the Board of Directors of the Boao Forum for Asia (also one of the co-founders of BFA) and Co-Chairman of the Global Meeting of the Emerging Markets Forum (EMF). Ramos was heavily recommended for the position of the United Nations envoy to Myanmar (formerly known as Burma) in June 2006. |
1563_46 | He served as the Carlyle Group Asia Advisor Board Member until the board was disbanded in February 2004. At present, as a private citizen, Ramos is engaged in various private sector advocacies where he plays prominent roles. These include: Chairman, Ramos Peace and Development Foundation; chairman, Boao Forum for Asia; Trustee, International Crisis Group (ICG); Member, Advisory Group, UN University for Peace; Honorary Director, General Douglas MacArthur Foundation; Founding Member, Policy Advisory Commission, World Intellectual Property Organization (PAC-WIPO); Honorary Member, World Commission on Water for the 21st century; Member, International Advisory Council, Asia House; Patron, Opportunity International (Philippines); Global Advisor, University of Winnipeg; Honorary Chairman, Yuchengco Center, De La Salle University; Member, Advisory Board, Metrobank; Honorary President, Human Development Network (HDN) Philippines; Lifetime Honorary President, Christian Democrats International |
1563_47 | (CDI); and Chairman Emeritus, Lakas-Christian Muslim Democrats (CMD) Party. |
1563_48 | Ramos is also a firm backer of the proposed Philippine Reproductive Health bill. During a meet-up with fellow RH bill supporters in May 2011, he urged President Benigno Aquino III to certify the RH bill as urgent, saying it is the "right thing" to do. During his administration, the Department of Health under Juan Flavier launched an intense drive to promote family planning. Asiaweek reported in August 1994 that under Ramos, "family planning funding has quintupled." They also noted that President Ramos "has gone the farthest of any administration in opposing the Church's positions on contraception and abortion." At present, Ramos is listed by the Forum for Family Planning and Development as one of its Eminent Persons. The Forum is a non-governmental organization working to advance "national policies on population management, health, and family welfare." |
1563_49 | Ramos is a member of the Global Leadership Foundation, an organization which works to support democratic leadership, prevent and resolve conflict through mediation and promote good governance in the form of democratic institutions, open markets, human rights and the rule of law. It does so by making available, discreetly and in confidence, the experience of former leaders to today's national leaders. It is a not-for-profit organization composed of former heads of government, senior governmental and international organization officials who work closely with Heads of Government on governance-related issues of concern to them.
Ramos Peace and Development Foundation |
1563_50 | He founded the Ramos Foundation for Peace and Development (RPDEV) with offices located in the Urban Bank Building (now ExportBank Plaza). The Ramos Peace and Development Foundation, Inc. (RPDEV) is a non-partisan, nonprofit, non-stock organization dedicated to the promotion of peace and development in the Philippines and in the larger Asia-Pacific region. RPDEV supports Philippine national interests and people empowerment.
Operating as a network of individuals and institutions inside and outside the country, it will serve as a catalyst of constructive change, a medium for fostering unity, stability and progress, and a force for mutual understanding. |
1563_51 | Philippine Envoy to China
Rodrigo Duterte revealed in June 2016 that Ramos was the one who pushed him to run for office so that 'Mindanao will finally have a Filipino president'. On 23 July 2016, Ramos was appointed by President Rodrigo Duterte as the Philippine Envoy to China to strengthen bilateral ties again after a much-heated diplomatic war over the South China Sea. On 1 November 2016, however, Ramos, stating that he miscalculated the possibilities and effects of a Duterte presidency, sent his resignation due to Duterte's drug war which has killed at least 8,000 Filipino drug suspects at the time. President Duterte accepted his resignation from the post on the same day. He was replaced by veteran journalist Jose Santiago "Chito" Sta. Romana.
Honors and decorations |
1563_52 | National honor
: Commander of the Philippine Legion of Honor, Second Bronze Anahaw Leaf (March 18, 1988)
: Commander of the Philippine Legion of Honor, Third Bronze Anahaw Leaf (July 19, 1991)
: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Knights of Rizal.
Rizal Pro Patria Award (June 22, 1993)
Military medal (Philippines)
: Military Medal with Spearhead (May 23, 1952)
: Distinguished Service Star (May 20, 1966)
: Distinguished Service Star, First Bronze Anahaw Leaf (December 20, 1967)
: Military Commendation Medal (May 31, 1968)
: Distinguished Service Star, First Silver Anahaw Leaf (August 3, 1981)
: Outstanding Achievement Medal (July 29, 1983)
: Distinguished Conduct Star (January 14, 1991) |
1563_53 | Foreign honors
:
:Honorary Member of The Most Esteemed Family Order of Brunei-Laila Utama- (March 5, 1988)
:
: Collar of the Grand Cross of the Order of the Merit of Chile
:
: Grand Cross of the Order of Legion of Honour
:
: Bintang Yudha Dharma-"Defence Meritorious Service Star" (June 20, 1989)
:
: Honorary Recipient of the Order of the Crown of the Realm (1995)
:
Nishan-e-Pakistan (March 8, 1997)
:
: Collar of the Order of Civil Merit (September 2, 1994)
: Collar of the Order of Isabella the Catholic (March 24, 1995)
: Collar of the Order of Charles III (January 30, 1998)
:
: Grand Order of Mugunghwa
:
: Knight Grand Cordon of The Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant (January 29, 1997)
:
: Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the Most Distinguished Order of St. Michael and St. George (1995)
Military medal
: United Nations Korea Medal
: Vietnam Service Medal (U.S.)
: Korean Service Medal (U.S.)
: Legion of Merit (August 1, 1990) |
1563_54 | International organizations
Bronze Wolf Award (July 28, 1993)
References
Sources
Fidel Ramos Curriculum Vitae
Westpoint Distinguished Graduate Award: DGA Fidel Ramos |
1563_55 | Bardos, Phil, Cold War Warriors: The Story of the Achievements and Leadership of the Men of the West Point Class of 1950, (United States, 2000)
Bowring, Philip. "Filipino Democracy Needs Stronger Institutions.", January 22, 2001. International Herald Tribune. Retrieved August 24, 2008: https://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/22/opinion/22iht-edbow.t_3.html
"Church, elite, Ramos ousted me, says Estrada." SunStar Network Online. (June 1, 2006). Retrieved August 24, 2008: https://web.archive.org/web/20080926183855/http://www.sunstar.com.ph/static/net/2006/06/01/church.elite.ramos.ousted.me.says.estrada.html
Fernandez, Butch. "Ramos told to come clean before hitting Palace pardon for Erap." (November 2–3, 2007). Business Mirror. Retrieved August 24, 2008: https://web.archive.org/web/20081211170308/http://www.businessmirror.com.ph/1102%26032007/nation01.html. |
1563_56 | Florentino-Hofilena and Ian Sayson. Centennial Expo: Convenient Cover for Election Fundraising. (June 14–16, 1999). Retrieved August 24, 2008 from the Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism: https://web.archive.org/web/20150725050056/http://pcij.org/stories/1999/expo.html.
Johnson, Bryan, Four Days of Courage: The Untold Story of the Fall of Ferdinand Marcos, (Toronto, Canada, 1987)
Cal, Ben, FVR Through the Years, (Washington, D.C., USA, 1998)
Hamilton-Paterson, James, America's Boy: The Marcoses and the Philippines, (Granta Books, London, Great Britain, 1998)
Lazaro, Isagani L., Mga Dakilang Lider na Pilipino, 5th Edition, (National Book Store, Mandaluyong, Philippines, 2004)
Mendoza, Jr., Amado. Study 2a-The industrial anatomy of corruption: Government procurement, bidding and award of contracts. Retrieved August 24, 2008, from the Transparent Accountable Governance website: https://web.archive.org/web/20080720060021/http://www.tag.org.ph/pdf/PCPS-Study2a.PDF |
1563_57 | More electricity rate hikes to come: Sale of energy assets to have long-term shocking effects on the people – Bayan Muna. (2007, August 21). Bayan Muna.
Mydans, Seth. "Expecting Praise, Filipinos Are Criticized for Ouster." The New York Times. (February 5, 2001). Retrieved August 24, 2008: https://www.nytimes.com/2001/02/05/world/05FILI.html?ex=1219723200&en=abf1881ac23d0c2e&ei=5070
Mydans, Seth. "Manila Journal; People Power 2: A Sleeping Giant Is Awakened." The New York Times. (September 22, 1997). Retrieved August 24, 2008: https://www.nytimes.com/1997/09/20/world/manila-journal-people-power-2-a-sleeping-giant-is-awakened.html?sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all
Rimban, Luz and Samonte-Pesayco, Sheila. Trail of Power Mess Leads to Ramos. (August 5–8, 2002). Retrieved August 24, 2008, from the Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism website: https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084556/http://pcij.org/stories/2002/ramos.html |
1563_58 | Chŏnsa Pʻyŏnchʻan Wiwŏnhoe, The history of the United Nations forces in the Korean War, Volume I-VI, (Seoul, Ministry of National Defense, Republic of Korea, 1972–77)
Ramos Presidential Center, Makati City
Senate, Republic of the Philippines. COMMITTEE REPORT NO. 30. Eleventh Congress. Retrieved August 24, 2008, from the Senator Aquilino "Nene" Pimentel official website: http://www.nenepimentel.org/cgi-bin/build.pl?section=bluerib;id=CRF-30
Uy, Jocelyn. "9 in PEA-AMARI deal ordered suspended." Philippine Daily Inquirer. (August 13, 2008). Retrieved August 24, 2008: http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20080813-154468/9-in-PEA-Amari-deal-ordered-suspended
Villasanta, Johnny F., 20th Battalion Combat Team (Leaders), The Philippine Expeditionary Force to Korea (1950–1955), https://web.archive.org/web/20091022114608/http://geocities.com/peftok/20thbct.html 26, 2009+00:22:05, (August 26, 2006) |
1563_59 | External links
Dark legacy: Human rights under the Marcos regime
Department of National Defense |
1563_60 | 1928 births
Living people
Filipino generals
Filipino military personnel of the Korean War
Filipino military personnel of the Vietnam War
Filipino anti-communists
Candidates in the 1992 Philippine presidential election
Presidents of the Philippines
Chief Commanders of the Philippine Legion of Honor
Commanders of the Legion of Merit
Recipients of the Military Merit Medal (Philippines)
Grand Croix of the Légion d'honneur
Recipients of the Legion of Honour
Recipients of the Distinguished Conduct Star
Collars of the Order of Civil Merit
Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
Recipients of the Order of Isabella the Catholic
Marcos family
People from Pangasinan
Ateneo de Manila University alumni
Centro Escolar University alumni
United States Military Academy alumni
Grainger College of Engineering alumni
University of the Philippines alumni
Ilocano people
Lakas–CMD (1991) politicians
Secretaries of National Defense of the Philippines
Lakas–CMD politicians |
1563_61 | Fidel
The Carlyle Group people
Filipino Protestants
Corazon Aquino Administration cabinet members
National University (Philippines) alumni
Filipino political party founders
Recipients of the Bronze Wolf Award
People of the People Power Revolution
Filipino expatriates in the United States
Chairmen of the Joint Chiefs (Philippines)
Marcos Administration personnel |
1564_0 | Fairfield Showground is a multi-purpose indoor-outdoor venue situated in Prairiewood, New South Wales, Australia. Since in the 1970s, it has been a popular venue for multicultural festivals, horse racing, carnivals, markets and club meets attracting as many as 20,000 people. Situated in western Sydney, the showground has around 10,000 sqm of undercover exhibition space and it is overall 33 hectares (79 acres) in size, with parking spaces for over 600 vehicles.
One of the largest festival precinct in Greater Western Sydney, the showground was developed in the 1950s and is surrounded by eucalyptus bushland, with Orphan School Creek meandering on the north.
Markets |
1564_1 | Markets are held at Fairfield Showground every Saturday from 9am to 4pm in the sheltered area behind the grandstands. The markets are a popular attraction, with space for 600+ stalls, free entry, food & drink stands and thousands of visitors every weekend. The markets include of toy stores, food booths, dollar stores, sporting gear shops, grocery, hardware, gardening, jewelry, and pet supplies. Additional market nights have been held irregularly. These have included Aussie Night Markets on Tuesday once per month, with the primary interest being the large number of international cuisine on offer, such as Turkish, Korean, Chinese and Mexican with over 40 multicultural street foods and dessert vendors, 20 craft stores, DJ performances, and also a boutique retail section.
The markets were closed down periodically during the COVID-19 pandemic. |
1564_2 | Entertainment is also provided for children on most weekends. This can include pony rides, merry-go-round, clown heads, a jumping castle, and a mini-train ride system which circulates the bushy surroundings.
Facilities
The Parklands Function Centre is used for engagement parties, wedding receptions, anniversaries, school reunions and award presentation nights for up to 250 people. Adjacent to the Showground is the 18-hole Fairfield public golf course. The function centre was used as a central hub for Fairfield's 2021 Local Council elections.
A harness racing track and club was located on the grounds from late 1964 through to June 2017 when it closed & was demolished to facilitate the large redevelopment. It had ceased full time racing operations in 2004. |
1564_3 | Redevelopment
From 2017 onwards the site was significantly redeveloped. In a joint commitment by Fairfield Council, the NSW Government, and the Federal Government, the $28 million redevelopment of the Showground includes three large playing fields, two for football and one for AFL. The main pitch is a FIFA-accredited synthetic field, with the training pitch a regulation turf field. A sports training facility was built in between the three fields, and with the two main football fields complete, the Showgrounds have been used as the training base for A-League club Macarthur FC. |
1564_4 | Fairfield City Council has announced that the facilities would be available for any Sydney bid to host the Commonwealth Games. Frank Carbone has said Fairfield Showground should be included in any Games proposal saying, “We are looking at investing almost $10 million into the showground, and also seeking more funding for further upgrades”. The instance to host the 2026 or 2030 Games in greater western Sydney was put to Premier Gladys Berejiklian and Sports Minister Stuart Ayres. |
1564_5 | COVID Testing
The showground made national news headlines in July 2021 after a COVID-19 testing clinic and a vaccination hub were opened in its premises. The area had been a hotspot for cases as well as significant testing demand due to the NSW Government's locality based mandatory testing regime. As a drive in testing facility with limited road access, traffic was backed up for multiple kilometres with waiting times up of to 6 hours. Demand eased when an additional facility was opened at the Endeavour Sports Park, 3 kilometres west of the Showground. |
1564_6 | Culture
Assyrian Australians celebrate the Assyrian New Year annually on 1 April, in Fairfield Showground. Thousands attend the New Year festival and it usually features music and theatrical performances, traditional dancers, food stalls and fireworks. Former Australian prime minister Tony Abbott and other politicians such as Chris Bowen, Craig Kelly, Tanya Plibersek, Chris Hayes and former NSW premier Bob Carr have attended the festival and made a speech. The Assyrian Australian Latin pop band Azadoota regularly performs in the annual festival.
The showground is also home to the Australia's first, largest and longest-running Eid Festival, which commenced in 1987. The festival has grown to now cater for tens of thousands of Muslims and non-Muslims and has included as guests Yusuf Islam, famous Australian footballer, Hazem El Masri, the then Governor-General of Australia, Michael Jeffery and the previous Premier of New South Wales, Kristina Keneally. |
1564_7 | The Chinese New Year is annually celebrated in the showground with over 60,000 people attending. More than 40,000 people attend the annual Vietnamese New Year, which is held for three days from Friday to Sunday. Both feature fireworks, amusement rides and cultural performances such as dragon dancing. |
1564_8 | The Fairfield Easter Fair will be held annually in the showground for three days starting from 2018 to cater those in the area, which are distant from the Sydney Royal Easter Show in Sydney Olympic Park. With a free admission, it will open on Easter from 10am to 10pm, Friday to Sunday, and it will feature over 20 amusement rides (such as Bumper cars), blacksmith exhibition, farm animals, easter egg hunt, sheep shearing, reptile shows and fireworks, among many things. A Uruguayan festival, which has been running for nearly three decades and raised $2 million of charity, features hundreds of performers and live music acts, is held annually on August and it's one of the biggest outdoor Latin festivals in Sydney's West.
Furthermore, international artists such as AC/DC have performed in the venue in 1975, playing songs from their debut album High Voltage. |
1564_9 | Access
The Liverpool-Parramatta Rapid Bus Transitway has a station close to the showground, as well as a number of encircling bus stops that belong to Transit Systems Sydney. Although the main entry is from Smithfield Road, there is another entrance to the showground from Moonlight Road, on the head of Greenfield Road, to the west, which feature a sign indicating the showground's entry.
See also
Stockland Wetherill Park, a nearby mall
References
External links
Official Website
Austadiums
Tourist attractions in Sydney
Sports venues in Sydney
Buildings and structures in Sydney
Harness racing in Australia
Music venues in Australia
Festivals in Sydney
Culture of Sydney
Retail markets in Sydney
Showgrounds in New South Wales |
1565_0 | The 1997 Major League Baseball season was the inaugural season for Interleague play, as well as the final season in the American League for the Milwaukee Brewers before moving to the NL the following season. The California Angels changed their name to the Anaheim Angels. The Florida Marlins ended the season (their fifth season in the majors) as the World Champions defeating the Cleveland Indians in a seven-game World Series, four games to three.
Standings
American League
National League
Postseason
Bracket
Awards and honors
Baseball Hall of Fame
Nellie Fox
Tommy Lasorda
Phil Niekro
Willie Wells
MLB statistical leaders
1 American League Triple Crown Pitching Winner
Managers
American League
National League
Home Field Attendance & Payroll
Events |
1565_1 | January–March
January 5 – Boston Red Sox pitcher Tim Wakefield escapes serious injury when he is hit by a car while out jogging. He is released from the hospital after being treated for bruises.
January 6 – Knuckleballer Phil Niekro is elected to the Hall of Fame by the Baseball Writers' Association of America. Niekro receives 80.34% of the vote. Pitcher Don Sutton falls nine votes short of election.
February 20 – The Philadelphia Phillies sign free agent outfielder Danny Tartabull. Tartabull broke his foot on Opening Day and sat out the year before retiring.
March 5 – Nellie Fox, Tommy Lasorda and Negro leaguer Willie Wells are elected to the Hall of Fame by the Veterans Committee. |
1565_2 | April–May
April 15 – In an unprecedented move, Commissioner of Baseball Bud Selig announces on the 50th Anniversary of Jackie Robinson's debut that the number he wore with the Brooklyn Dodgers, number 42, would be unilaterally retired throughout all of Major League Baseball during a mid-game ceremony in a game between the Dodgers and the New York Mets at Shea Stadium Rachael Robinson, Jackie's widow and President Bill Clinton attend the event as well. The number would be worn by players during the anniversary of his major league debut, and would still be worn by players who started wearing the number before the announcement, most famously the New York Yankees' Mariano Rivera, until he retired after the 2013 season, thus officially retiring number 42, as he was the last player to wear the number 42 jersey on a regular basis.
April 29 – Chili Davis' 300th home run, leading off the 10th inning, snaps a 5–5 tie and gives the Kansas City Royals a 6–5 win over the Toronto Blue Jays. |
1565_3 | May 7 – The Montréal Expos score a National League-record 13 runs in the 6th inning of their game against the San Francisco Giants on the way to a 19–3 win. The Expos send 17 batters to the plate. Mike Lansing homers twice in the inning to drive in five runs, becoming the third Expos player to perform the feat, and the first NL second baseman to do so since Bobby Lowe in 1894.
May 8 – At home, the Baltimore Orioles stop Randy Johnson's 16-game win streak with a decisive 13–3 pasting of the Seattle Mariners. Baltimore is led by catcher Chris Hoiles, who collects six RBI on two homers and a double. Johnson strikes out 10 in six innings, but gives up five runs on six hits and two walks in his attempt to become the first AL pitcher since Dave McNally (1968–69) to win 17 straight. |
1565_4 | May 13 – Eddie Murray gets two hits in Anaheim's 8–7 win over the Chicago White Sox. The game is the 3,000th of Murray's career, making him only the sixth player in history to reach that mark, joining Pete Rose, Carl Yastrzemski, Hank Aaron, Ty Cobb and Stan Musial.
May 21 – Roger Clemens fires the Toronto Blue Jays past the New York Yankees 4–1, for his 8th win of the year against no losses. The Rocket wins his 200th game, the 94th pitcher to reach the 200 victories mark.
May 25 – The Minnesota Twins retire Kirby Puckett's uniform number 34 in a 90-minute pregame ceremony.
May 26 – In the Chicago Cubs' 2–1 win over the Pittsburgh Pirates, Cub Sammy Sosa and Pirate Tony Womack both hit inside-the-park home runs in the sixth inning. It is the first time two inside-the-park homers are hit in the same NL game since Lou Brock and Héctor Cruz of the St. Louis Cardinals did it against the San Diego Padres on June 18, 1976. Greg Gagne of the Twins had two for Minnesota on October 4, 1986. |
1565_5 | May 26 – In Toronto, Roger Clemens allows one run and four hits in seven innings and strikes out seven to beat the Rangers 8–1. The Rocket is now 9–0, his best start since beginning 1986 at 14–0.
May 26 – Andrés Galarraga hits a 469-foot two-run homer and Vinny Castilla adds a solo shot as the Colorado Rockies overcome a six-run deficit to beat the Cardinals 9–7. Galarraga has four RBI, and his moon shot off Mark Petkovsek is the third-longest homer in the three-season history of Coors Field.
May 27 – Barry Larkin's streak of consecutively reaching base 13 times is stopped by Curt Schilling, who goes all the way to beat Cincinnati 2–1. Larkin singles in the first inning, but flies out in the 3rd to end his streak one shy of Pedro Guerrero's NL record, set in 1985.
May 30 – The Orioles' Mike Mussina retires the first 25 Indian batters before Sandy Alomar, Jr. ruins his no-hit bid with a one-out single in the 9th. Mussina then strikes out the final two batters for a 3–0 victory. |
1565_6 | May 31 – Cal Ripken, Jr. snaps a 7th-inning tie with a record-breaking home run as the Baltimore Orioles rally from a 4-run deficit to beat the Cleveland Indians 8–5. Ripken's homer gives him 4,274 total bases with Baltimore, breaking the franchise mark for total bases in a career. Baltimore also place Eric Davis on the disabled list. Davis is suffering from colon cancer and will be operated on in early June.
May 31 – In Miami, Andrés Galarraga golfs a 529-foot grand slam, the longest home run ever at Pro Player Stadium. His homer gives the Colorado Rockies a 7–0 lead over the Florida Marlins, and they eventually win 8–4. Galarraga has three home runs in the past three games against Florida that traveled 1,435 feet, an average of 478 feet. He hit a 455-foot homer two days before and a 451-foot homer the previous day. The longest previous homer at the stadium was 482 feet by Pete Incaviglia of the Phillies off Al Leiter on May 1, 1996. |
1565_7 | May 31 – Unbeaten Roger Clemens is the first 10-game winner in the majors, as the Toronto Blue Jays romp 13–3 over the Oakland Athletics.
May 31 – Ila Borders of the St. Paul Saints of the Northern League faces three Sioux Falls Canaries batters, and surrenders three earned runs, in her professional baseball debut. The Canaries, who led 4–0 when she entered the game, go on to defeat St. Paul 11–1. |
1565_8 | June–July
June 12 – The first interleague game took place as the Texas Rangers hosted the San Francisco Giants at The Ballpark in Arlington (now Globe Life Park).
July 8 – The American League defeats the National League by a score of 3–1 in the annual All-Star Game, played at Jacobs Field. Cleveland Indians catcher Sandy Alomar, Jr. hits a 2-run home run and is named the game's MVP. Alomar is the first hometown player to homer since Hank Aaron did it in Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium in 1972.
July 12 – At a sold out Three Rivers Stadium, Francisco Córdova pitched nine innings of a combined 10-inning no-hitter for the Pittsburgh Pirates. Ricardo Rincón pitched the 10th inning. The Pirates won the game on a dramatic three run, pinch hit home run in the bottom of the 10th by Mark Smith. |
1565_9 | August–September
August 31 – Don Mattingly the former first baseman and Yankee Captain has his uniform number 23 retired by the New York Yankees in a pregame ceremony. A plaque is also dedicated in his honor in Monument Park.
September 4 – Rookie catcher Bobby Estalella has three home runs and four RBI as he leads the Philadelphia Phillies to a 6–4 win over the Montréal Expos.
September 10 – Mark McGwire joins Babe Ruth as the only players in major league history with 50 home runs in consecutive seasons by hitting a 446-foot shot off Shawn Estes in the third inning of the St. Louis Cardinals' road game against the San Francisco Giants. McGwire, who hit a major league-leading 52 homers for the Oakland Athletics last season, becomes the first player with back-to-back 50-homer seasons since Ruth did it in 1927 and 1928. |
1565_10 | September 28 – Tony Gwynn of the San Diego Padres ties Honus Wagner's record by winning his eighth National League batting title. Gwynn finishes at .372, becoming the first player to win four consecutive NL batting titles since Rogers Hornsby won six straight between 1920 and 1925. |
1565_11 | October–December
October 26 – The Florida Marlins beat the Cleveland Indians in Game 7 to become the first Wild Card team to win the World Series.
October 27 – The Detroit Tigers break ground on their new ballpark.
November 4 - Voters in 11 counties in southwestern Pennsylvania reject the Regional Renaissance Initiative, a voter referendum to raise sales taxes to fund new stadiums for the Pittsburgh Pirates and Pittsburgh Steelers. The public funding necessary to ensure their construction would eventually be approved legislatively in an alternate proposal colloquially known as "Plan B".
November 6 – The Milwaukee Brewers switch leagues, joining the National League Central Division, after the Kansas City Royals reject the invitation. With the 1998 addition of the Arizona Diamondbacks (NL) and Tampa Bay Devil Rays (AL), the move will maintain an even number of teams in each league. |
1565_12 | November 18 — The expansion draft starts with several transactions. Two pitchers who appeared in the World Series a month earlier, Tony Saunders (Florida Marlins) and Brian Anderson (Cleveland Indians), are the first players taken. Saunders, the first player chosen overall, heads a list of new Tampa Bay Devil Rays team that includes Quinton McCracken, Bubba Trammell, Albie López and Terrell Wade. Tampa Bay also obtain John Flaherty from the San Diego Padres in exchange for Brian Boehringer and Andy Sheets; Kevin Stocker from the Philadelphia Phillies for Bobby Abreu; Fred McGriff from the Atlanta Braves in exchange for a player to be named, and sign free agent Roberto Hernández. The Arizona Diamondbacks, meanwhile, who signed free agent Jay Bell to a five-year contract yesterday, select Jeff Suppan, Jorge Fábregas and Karim García, and acquire Travis Fryman from the Detroit Tigers in exchange for Joe Randa, Gabe Alvarez and a minor leaguer. They also obtain Devon White from the |
1565_13 | Florida Marlins for a prospect. |
1565_14 | Deaths
January 6 – Dick Donovan, 69, All-Star pitcher, mainly with the White Sox and Indians, who led AL in ERA in 1961 and won 20 games in 1962
January 20 – Curt Flood, 59, All-Star center fielder who won seven Gold Gloves and batted .300 six times; challenged baseball's reserve clause all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court, unsuccessfully, after refusing a trade
February 7 – Manny Salvo, 83, Boston pitcher who tied for the National League lead in shutouts in 1940
February 13 – Bobby Adams, 75, third baseman for the Cincinnati Reds/Redlegs, Chicago White Sox, Baltimore Orioles and Chicago Cubs between 1946 and 1959
June 1 – Mickey Rocco, 81, Cleveland first baseman who led the American League in fielding percentage at his position in 1943 and 1945
June 9 – Thornton Lee, 90, All-Star pitcher who won over 100 games for the White Sox; won 22 games and led AL in ERA in 1941
July 31 – Eddie Miller, 80, 7-time All-Star shortstop for four NL teams who led league in fielding five times |
1565_15 | August 23 – Guy Curtright, 84, White Sox outfielder who finished sixth in 1943 American League batting race with a .291 average
September 9 – Richie Ashburn, 70, Hall of Fame center fielder for the Phillies who batted .308 lifetime, winning two batting titles, and led NL in putouts nine times, hits three times, triples twice and steals once; retired with six of the top eight single-season putout totals in history
September 22 – Eddie Sawyer, 87, manager who led the Phillies' "Whiz Kids" to the 1950 pennant, later a scout
September 26 – Woody English, 91, All-Star infielder for the Cubs who batted .300 twice
October 6 – Johnny Vander Meer, 82, All-Star pitcher for the Cincinnati Reds who in 1938 became the only player to pitch two consecutive no-hitters; led NL in strikeouts three times
October 21 – Dolph Camilli, 90, All-Star first baseman who was the NL's MVP in 1941, leading the Brooklyn Dodgers to the pennant; had five 100-RBI seasons |
1565_16 | November 2 – Roy McMillan, 68, All-Star shortstop for the Reds, Braves and Mets who won the NL's first three Gold Gloves; minor league manager, coach and scout
November 20 – Dick Littlefield, 71, well-traveled pitcher who played for nine teams, earning 15 of his 33 wins with the Pirates
November 27 – Buck Leonard, 90, Hall of Fame first baseman of the Negro leagues regularly among the league leaders in batting average and home runs |
1565_17 | References
External links
1997 Major League Baseball season schedule at Baseball Reference
Major League Baseball seasons |
1566_0 | Dragan Milosavljević (; born May 11, 1989) is a Serbian professional basketball player for Urbas Fuenlabrada of the Liga ACB. He also represented the Serbian national basketball team internationally. Standing at , he plays the shooting guard position.
Professional career
Early career
Milosavljević began his career in Napredak Kruševac where he played until 2009. He was signed by Radnički Kragujevac in 2009. He stayed there for one season, playing in the Serbian League and ABA League. In the ABA League, he averaged 10.2 points, 3.8 rebounds and 2.1 assists per game for Radnički.
Partizan Belgrade (2010–2015)
On June 28, 2010, he signed a three-year deal with Partizan Belgrade. In his first season in Partizan, he won the Adriatic League, Serbian League and Radivoj Korać Cup. In the EuroLeague, Milosavljević averaged 4.2 points and 1.9 rebounds per game, while in the ABA League he averaged 6.9 points and 3 rebounds per game. |
1566_1 | In his second season, Milosavlijevic helped his club to defend titles in Serbian League and Radivoj Korać Cup. In the 2011–12 Euroleague season, he averaged 8.2 points and 3.7 rebounds in 10 games of group stage. In the 2011–12 Adriatic League season, Milosavljević averaged 8.3 points and 3.6 rebounds over 27 games. On July 4, 2012, he extended his contract for two more seasons with Partizan.
Next season, Milosavljević won the Serbian League for the third time and he was named the MVP of the finals. In the 2012–13 Euroleague, he scored a career-high of 9.9 points per game. In the Adriatic League he helped his team to return the title after a one-year break averaging 6.8 points and 3.2 rebounds per game. |
1566_2 | Despite some financial difficulties the club was facing in the summer of 2013, Dragan Milosavljevic decided to stay with Partizan Belgrade. Then, after the departure of team captain Vladimir Lučić, he became the next team captain. Along with Léo Westermann and Bogdan Bogdanović he was supposed to lead the backcourt of Partizan in the upcoming season. In a second game of the 2013–14 Euroleague season against JSF Nanterre, he scored 26 points, while also pulling down 6 rebounds, to help his team win by huge margin. In the Euroleague game against Maccabi Tel Aviv on January 24, he has torn ACL on his right knee, which sidelined him for the remainder of the season. He was expected to return on court in six to eight months. In his first season as captain of Partizan, he averaged career-high 12.1 points and 3.7 rebounds per game in the 2013–14 Euroleague, while also averaging 12.4 points, 3.3 rebounds and 2.6 assists in 17 games of the 2013–14 Adriatic League season. |
1566_3 | On August 5, 2014, Milosavljević extended his contract for one more season with the club. In December 2014, he returned on the court after ten months of absence due to the injury. The rest of the season, he averaged 11 points, 3.7 rebounds and 1 assist over ABA League 20 games.
Alba Berlin (2015–2017)
On June 25, 2015, Milosavljević signed a two-year contract with the German club Alba Berlin. On October 1, he debuted for the team in 74–54 win over ratiopharm Ulm in Round 1 of the German League; he had 5 points, 5 rebounds and 4 assists. Alba Berlin eventually lost in the quarterfinal series of 2016 BBL Playoffs with 3–0 to Skyliners Frankfurt. In the German League, he averaged 12.3 points, 5.1 rebounds and 2.5 assists over 35 games. In 2015–16 Eurocup season, Milosavljević appeared in 17 games, averaging 14.5 points, 4.9 rebounds and 2.7 assists per game. |
1566_4 | In 2016–17 season, Alba Berlin was once again stopped in the quarterfinal series of 2017 BBL Playoffs with 3–1 to Bayern Munich. In 30 games of the German League, Milosavljević averaged 12.7 points, 3.1 rebounds and 3.9 assists per game. 2016–17 EuroCup season, Milosavljević averaged 12.9 points, 2.7 rebounds and 3.6 assists over 14 games.
Unicaja Málaga (2017–2021)
In July 2017, he signed a contract with the Spanish team Unicaja Málaga. In his first season with the club, he appeared in 27 EuroLeague games and averaged 6.4 points and 2.6 rebounds per game. In ACB League, he averaged 4.5 points per game.
In 2018–19 season, he averaged 6.2 points and 2.6 assists in 19 EuroCup appearances for Unicaja. In 37 ACB League games, he had similar production, averaging 6.6 points per game. |
1566_5 | On June 12, 2019, Milosavljević signed a two-year contract extension with Unicaja. In August 2019, while representing Serbia in a game against Turkey, as part of preparations for the 2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup, Milosavljević suffered ACL tear in his left knee, which will keep him off the court at least until 2020. In November 2020, he returned to trainings after a 15-month break.
On February 17, 2021, the club parted ways with Milosavljević.
KK Mega Basket (2021)
On April 2, 2021, he has signed with Mega Soccerbet of the Basketball League of Serbia.
Bursaspor Basketbol (2021)
On July 6, 2021, Milosavljević signed with Bursaspor Basketbol of the Basketbol Süper Ligi and the EuroCup.
Urban Fuenlabrada (2021–present)
On November 22, 2021, he has signed with Urbas Fuenlabrada of the Liga ACB.
Serbian national team |
1566_6 | The Serbian national team head coach Dušan Ivković called Milosavljević for the 2010 FIBA World Championship in Turkey, but he didn't manage to make the final roster.
He represented Serbia for the first time at the EuroBasket 2015 under head coach Aleksandar Đorđević. In the first phase of the tournament, Serbia dominated in the toughest Group B with 5-0 record, and then eliminated Finland and Czech Republic in the round of 16 and quarterfinal game, respectively. However, they were stopped in the semifinal game by Lithuania with 67–64, and eventually lost to the host team France in the bronze-medal game with 81–68. Over 7 tournament games played, Milosavljević saw very little playing time, mostly being used by head coach as a defensive task specialist.
Milosavljević also represented Serbia at the EuroBasket 2017 where they won the silver medal, after losing in the final game to Slovenia. |
1566_7 | In preparations for the 2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup, Milosavljević was on the list of 14 candidates for the final 12-men roster of Serbia, but he suffered serious left knee injury in a friendly Acropolis Tournament game against Turkey. The injury was later diagnosed to be ACL tear, preventing Milosavljević to represent Serbia in the World Cup.
Career statistics
Euroleague |
1566_8 | |-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2010–11
| style="text-align:left;" rowspan=4| Partizan
| 16 || 6 || 19.0 || .381 || .222 || .650 || 1.9 || .8 || .6 || .1 || 4.2 || 1.3
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2011–12
| 10 || 10 || 28.9 || .333 || .239 || .810 || 3.7 || 1.4 || .6 || .6 || 8.2 || 5.9
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2012–13
| 10 || 7 || 26.5 || .522 || .273 || .724 || 2.8 || 1.2 || .9 || .4 || 9.9 || 9.2
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2013–14
| 14 || 13 || 32.0 || .435 || .344 || .667 || 3.7 || 1.6 || .9 || .3 || 12.1 || 9.7
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2017–18
| style="text-align:left;"| Unicaja
| 27 || 16 || 18.5 || .417 || .333 || .769 || 2.6 || 1.0 || .5 || .1 || 6.4 || 5.6
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:left;"| Career
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 77 || 52 || 23.4 || .419 || .296 || .727 || 2.8 || 1.1 || .7 || .2 || 7.7 || 6.0
References |
1566_9 | External links
Dragan Milosavljević at aba-liga.com
Dragan Milosavljević at acb.com
Dragan Milosavljević at beko-bbl.de
Dragan Milosavljević at euroleague.net
Dragan Milosavljević at fiba.com
1989 births
Living people
ABA League players
Alba Berlin players
Baloncesto Fuenlabrada players
Baloncesto Málaga players
Basketball League of Serbia players
Bursaspor Basketbol players
KK Mega Basket players
KK Napredak Kruševac players
KK Partizan players
KK Radnički Kragujevac (2009–2014) players
Liga ACB players
Serbia men's national basketball team players
Serbian expatriate basketball people in Germany
Serbian expatriate basketball people in Spain
Serbian expatriate basketball people in Turkey
Serbian men's basketball players
Shooting guards
Sportspeople from Kruševac |
1567_0 | Herbert Hensley Henson (8 November 1863 – 27 September 1947) was an Anglican priest, bishop, scholar and controversialist. He was Bishop of Hereford from 1918 to 1920 and Bishop of Durham from 1920 to 1939.
The son of a zealous member of the Plymouth Brethren, Henson was not allowed to go to school until he was fourteen, and was largely self-educated. He was admitted to the University of Oxford, and gained a first-class degree in 1884. In the same year he was elected as a Fellow of All Souls, where he began to make a reputation as a speaker. He was ordained priest in 1888. |
1567_1 | Feeling a vocation to minister to the urban poor, Henson served in the East End of London and Barking before becoming chaplain of an ancient hospice in Ilford in 1895. In 1900 he was appointed to the high-profile post of vicar of St Margaret's, Westminster and canon of Westminster Abbey. While there, and as Dean of Durham (1913–18), he wrote prolifically and sometimes controversially. The Anglo-Catholic wing of the Church took exception to his liberal theological views, which some regarded as heretical, and sought unsuccessfully in 1917 to block his appointment as Bishop of Hereford. |
1567_2 | In 1920, after two years in the largely rural diocese of Hereford, Henson returned to Durham as its bishop. The industrial north-east of England, including County Durham, was badly affected by an economic depression. Henson was opposed to strikes, trade unions and socialism, and for a time his forthright expression of his views made him unpopular in the diocese. His opinions about some Church matters changed radically during his career: at first a strong advocate of the Church of England's continued establishment as the country's official church, he came to believe that politicians could not be trusted to legislate properly on ecclesiastical matters, and he espoused the cause of disestablishment. He campaigned against efforts to introduce prohibition, exploitation of foreign workers by British companies, and fascist and Nazi aggression, and – particularly prior to the 1936 Abdication Crisis – supported reform of the divorce laws, a controversial revision of the Book of Common Prayer |
1567_3 | and ecumenism. |
1567_4 | Life and career |
1567_5 | Early years |
1567_6 | Henson was born in London, the fourth son and sixth child of eight of Thomas Henson (1812–1896), a businessman, and his second wife, Martha, née Fear. The family moved to Broadstairs on the coast of Kent when Henson was two years old. Thomas Henson was a zealous evangelical Christian who had renounced the Church of England and joined the Plymouth Brethren. Martha Henson shielded her children from the worst excesses of what the biographer Matthew Grimley describes as Thomas's "bigotry", but in 1870 she died, and, in Henson's words, "with her died our happiness". From an early age the young Henson was a dedicated Christian and felt a vocation for the Anglican priesthood; his father's fundamentalist views were anathema, and left him with what Grimley calls "an enduring hatred of protestant fanaticism". In 1873 Thomas Henson remarried; Emma Parker, widow of a Lutheran pastor, filled the role of stepmother with sympathy and kindness, mitigating the father's grimness and ensuring that the |
1567_7 | children were properly educated. In Henson's phrase, "she recreated the home". |
1567_8 | Henson was fourteen before his father allowed him either to be baptised or to attend a school. The Rector of Broadstairs conducted the baptism; there were no godparents, and Henson undertook their functions himself. He took religious instruction from the rector leading to his confirmation as a communicant member of the Church of England in 1878. At Broadstairs Collegiate School he derived little educational benefit, having already educated himself widely and deeply from books in his father's library. He rose to be head boy of the school, but after a dispute with the headmaster during which Henson expressed "with more passion than respect" his opinion of the head, he ran away from the school in 1879. He gained employment as an assistant master at Brigg Grammar School in Lincolnshire; the headmaster there recognised his talent and recommended that he should apply for admission to the University of Oxford. Thomas Henson was against the idea, partly because his financial means had |
1567_9 | declined, but was talked round by his wife and gave his consent. Thomas agreed to fund his son's studies, but the sum he allowed was too little to pay the substantial fees for residence at any of the colleges of the university. In 1881 Henson applied successfully for admission as an unattached student, a member of none of the Oxford colleges, but eligible for the full range of university tuition. Cut off from the camaraderie of college life, Henson felt seriously isolated. He concentrated on his studies, and gained a first class honours degree in Modern History in June 1884. |
1567_10 | All Souls |
1567_11 | Such was the quality of Henson's scholarship that his history tutor encouraged him to enter the annual competition for appointment as a Fellow of All Souls, the university's post-graduate research college. He was appointed in November 1884, at the age of twenty. Membership of the college offered an annual stipend of £200; for the first time, Henson was in reasonably comfortable financial circumstances. At All Souls, he later wrote, "I was welcomed with a generous kindness which made me feel immediately at home. I formed friendships which have enriched my life." His biographer John Peart-Binns suggests that Henson may nonetheless have remained something of an outsider, his arrival at All Souls "akin to that of an alien". The college was headed by the Warden, Sir William Anson, who became something of a father figure to Henson, and encouraged his researches. Henson's first paper, on William II of England, marked him out as not only a fine scholar but a gripping speaker when he delivered |
1567_12 | it to an audience. Aware that his quick tongue could lead him into indiscretion, he adopted and maintained all his life the practice of writing out his lectures and sermons in full beforehand rather than improvising or speaking from concise notes. He preferred a quill pen, and wrote in a fine clear hand; he considered illegible writing to be a form of bad manners as tiresome as inaudible talking. He gained a reputation as a controversialist. In a biographical sketch, Harold Begbie wrote that at Oxford Henson was nicknamed "Coxley Cocksure"; he added: |
1567_13 | In 1885, in tandem with his work at All Souls, Henson acted as tutor to Lyle Rathbone, son of the philanthropic businessman William Rathbone. The family lived in Birkenhead, where for six months Henson stayed with them. He had ample leisure time, much of which he spent in visiting local churches and nonconformist chapels. This process left him struggling with doctrinal questions, but sure of a religious vocation. The day after his return to Oxford in October 1885 he went into St Mary's, Iffley, and with his hand on the altar vowed to dedicate himself to God and the Church. |
1567_14 | Henson's beliefs on doctrine were still forming, but he inclined to high-churchmanship and was influenced by Charles Gore and the Puseyites, though he was unattracted by more extreme Anglo-Catholic forms of ritualism. With his suspicion of nonconformism he was a proponent of the principle of establishment – the maintenance of Anglicanism as the official state religion – and in 1886 he became secretary of the new Oxford Laymen's League for Defence of the National Church, to counter the threat of disestablishment proposed by politicians such as Joseph Chamberlain and Charles Dilke. |
1567_15 | Ordination and east London
The poverty Henson had seen during his six months in Birkenhead gave him a strong impetus to minister to the poor. In 1887, after being ordained deacon, he took charge of the Oxford House Settlement, a high-church mission in Bethnal Green, a poor area of the East End of London. While in this post he honed his speaking skills in public debates with atheist orators, many from the National Secular Society's Bethnal Green office. |
1567_16 | In 1888 Henson was ordained priest. Shortly afterwards All Souls appointed him vicar of a church in its gift: St Margaret's, Barking, in east London, a large, working class parish, with a population of 12,000, and increasing. At twenty-five he was the youngest vicar in the country, and had a large staff of curates to manage. An All Souls colleague Cosmo Lang, himself on the brink of a Church career, visited Henson at Barking and noted, "He came six months ago to a parish dead – 250 a good congregation in the church; and now, when he preaches, every seat is filled – 1100!" |
1567_17 | With the energy and impetuosity noted by Lang, Henson worked continually over the next seven years to improve the parish, restoring the fabric of the church, opening clubs for his parishioners, and holding popular open-air services in the vicarage grounds. At Barking his high-church leanings were welcomed, and he was invited to preach from time to time at St Alban's Holborn, a central London bastion of Anglo-Catholicism. He was never physically strong, and his relentless work at Barking put a strain on his physique. In 1895 he accepted an offer from Lord Salisbury of a less arduous post, the chaplaincy of St Mary's Hospital, Ilford, which he held until 1900. In 1895 and 1896, Henson was select preacher at Oxford, and from 1897 he served as chaplain to John Festing, Bishop of St Albans. He had time for writing; between 1897 and 1900 he published four books, ranging from purely theological studies to analyses of Church politics. His beliefs had changed from his early high-churchmanship |
1567_18 | to a broad-church latitudinarianism; his 1899 Cui bono? set out his concerns about the strict ritualists in the Anglo-Catholic wing of the Church. |
1567_19 | Westminster
The Ilford appointment had been in Salisbury's personal gift; in his official capacity as prime minister he was responsible for Henson's next appointment: rector of St Margaret's, Westminster and canon of Westminster Abbey in 1900. St Margaret's, the parish church of the British parliament, was a high-profile appointment; Henson followed predecessors as willing as he was to court controversy including Henry Hart Milman and Frederic Farrar. His eventual successor as Bishop of Durham, Alwyn Williams wrote that at St Margaret's, Henson's brilliance as a speaker and independence of thought attracted large congregations and "his increasingly liberal churchmanship" appealed to a wide range of public opinion, though some of his views offended the orthodox. |
1567_20 | In October 1902 at Westminster Abbey Henson married Isabella (Ella) Caroline (1870–1949), the only daughter of James Wallis Dennistoun of Dennistoun, Scotland. Grimley comments that it was in keeping with Henson's usual impulsiveness that he proposed within four days of meeting her. The marriage was lifelong; there were no children. |
1567_21 | From his pulpit, Henson spoke against the view that ecumenism was, in W E Gladstone's words, "a moral monster", and criticised schools that failed to provide adequate religious instruction. Preaching at Westminster Abbey in 1912 he attracted international attention for naming and denouncing three British directors of the Peruvian-Amazon Company for the "Putumayo atrocities" – the mass enslavement and brutal treatment of indigenous Peruvians in the company's rubber factories. During his time at St Margaret's Henson published nine books, some of them collected sermons and lectures, others on the role of Christianity in modern society and theological questions. |
1567_22 | Henson's uncompromising character brought him into frequent conflict with old friends and colleagues. In 1909 he offended Charles Gore, now Bishop of Birmingham, by defying Gore's order not to preach in the institute of a Congregational church in the diocese. His confrontational style and liberal theology caused delay in his promotion, despite his obvious abilities. An apocryphal story circulated in 1908 that the prime minister, H. H. Asquith, suggested Henson's name to Edward VII when the see of York became vacant, and the king replied, "Damn it all, man, I am Defender of the Faith!" In 1910 the post of Dean of Lincoln fell vacant. Asquith considered appointing Henson, but decided, as he told the Archbishop of Canterbury, Randall Davidson, that "it would be rather like sending a destroyer into a land-locked pool".
Dean and bishop |
1567_23 | In 1912 the Dean of Durham, George Kitchin, died. The Bishop, Handley Moule, hoped the prime minister would appoint Henry Watkins, the Archdeacon of Durham, but Asquith chose Henson. On 2 January 1913 Moule presided over Henson's formal installation at Durham Cathedral. |
1567_24 | The five years Henson spent as Dean of Durham were marked by further controversy, including his objection to the existing divorce laws as too favourable to men and unfair to women. He was hostile to changes aimed at giving the Church more control over its own affairs; he regarded establishment and parliamentary control as safeguards against extremism. He opposed William Temple's "Life and Liberty movement", which campaigned for synodical and democratic government of the Church, and he was against the establishment of the National Assembly of the Church of England in 1919. To Henson, the essence of Anglicanism rested on parliamentary enforcement of the rights of the laity of the Church against the bishops and priests, and the inclusion of both clergy and laity in all matters under the rule of the monarch as Supreme Governor of the Church. |
1567_25 | Among other views for which Henson was known were his disapproval of teetotalism campaigners and of socialism, and for his disbelief in social reform as an ally of religion. When the Kikuyu controversy erupted in 1913 Henson once again found himself at odds with Gore. The question was whether two colonial bishops had committed heresy by taking part in an ecumenical service. Gore and his ally Bishop Weston of Zanzibar led the charge, and appear in Henson's journal as "devoted, unselfish, indefatigable, eminently gifted, but ... also fanatical in temper, bigoted in their beliefs, and reckless in their methods." Together with Bishop Moule, Dean Wace of Canterbury and other leaders, Henson strongly, and successfully, supported the accused bishops: "The Church owes a deep debt of gratitude to the Bishops of Uganda and Mombasa." |
1567_26 | Henson spoke out strongly, and ultimately unsuccessfully, against the proposed disestablishment of the Anglican Church in Wales. In doing so he addressed many nonconformist gatherings; the historian Owen Chadwick suggests that this may have commended him to David Lloyd George, who became prime minister in 1916. A serious doctrinal row within the Church seemed to many to put Henson out of the running for elevation to a bishopric. He had defended the right of clergy to express doubts about the virgin birth and bodily resurrection. He was, as most of his critics failed, or refused, to notice, doctrinally orthodox on the resurrection, and content to accept the tradition of the virgin birth, but his contention that other priests had the right to question them was intolerable to the Anglo-Catholic wing of the Church, led by Gore. |
1567_27 | Archbishop Davidson had no doubts about Henson's doctrinal soundness, and persuaded him to issue a statement of faith to silence his critics. Davidson stated publicly that no fair-minded man could read consecutively a series of Henson's sermons without feeling that they had in him a brilliant and powerful teacher of the Christian faith. Gore and his followers were obliged to call off their protests. Against Davidson's advice for caution, Lloyd George appointed Henson to the vacant see of Hereford in 1917. Gore and others, including Cosmo Lang, now the Archbishop of York, failed to attend the consecration service. Their attitude hurt Henson, offended lay opinion in the Church, and was sharply criticised in The Times. Henson was consecrated bishop in Westminster Abbey on 4 February 1918 by Davidson, assisted by twelve supporting bishops. He was enthroned at Hereford Cathedral eight days later. |
1567_28 | Although Henson's elevation was controversial chiefly among factions of the clergy – in general lay people supported his appointment – it nevertheless gave fresh impetus to the idea of taking away from the prime minister the power to choose bishops. Gore attempted to promote the idea at the Convocation of Clergy in May 1918; Henson abandoned restraint and in Chadwick's words "stripped Gore's arguments bare". He argued from historical examples that appointments made at the Church's instigation were partisan and disastrous, and that the Crown and prime minister were able to take an unbiased view in the national interest. Despite the public support for him, the controversy revived Henson's feelings of isolation. |
1567_29 | The appointment was described as "sending an armoured car into an orchard of apple trees" and Henson had doubts about accepting a mainly rural diocese rather than ministering to the urban poor. Nevertheless, the clergy and laity of Hereford gave him a warm welcome, and he enjoyed working with the incumbents of country parishes. They appreciated his delicacy in not intruding unduly into local church concerns, and it was remarked that "he treated all the world as his equals". During his brief time at Hereford he published only one book, Christian Liberty (1918), a collection of sermons.
Henson was an active Freemason. At Hereford, he and the dean, Reginald Waterfield, were among the founders of a new masonic lodge in 1920. Peart-Binns describes him as enjoying the meetings of his various lodges, but finding the associated social activities "intolerable". Henson was outspoken as an apologist for Freemasonry, promoting its ideals, and its religious foundations. |
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